ei%^
 
 ORIGINAL PAPERS 
 
 RELATIVE TO 
 
 T A N J R E.
 
 lORIGINAL PAPERS 
 
 RELATIVE TO 
 
 T A N J R E: 
 
 CONTAINING ALL THE 
 
 LETTERS which paffed, and the CONFERENCES 
 
 which were held, between his Highnefs the Nabob 
 
 of ARCOT and Lord PI GOT, on the Subjed 
 
 of the Reftoration of TANJORE. 
 
 TOGETHER WITH 
 
 The material Part of LORD P I G O T's lad Difpatch to the 
 EAST INDIA COMPANY. 
 
 The Whole conneaed by a NARRATIVE, and illuftratod witk 
 NOTES and OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 LONDON: 
 PRINTED FOR T. CADELL, IN THE STRAND. 
 M DCC LXXVII.
 
 >- 
 
 I 
 
 is! 
 
 
 x,*^ <*•< 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT, 
 
 TH E following colledion contains all the letters which pafled, 
 and the conferences which were held, between his Highnefs 
 the Nabob of Arcot and Lord Pigot, on the fubjedl of the reftoration 
 of Tanjore, to the difplaced Raja. Moft of the papers were tranf- 
 mltted by the Nabob, by a fpecial meflenger in a French iTiip, which 
 left Pondicherry in the end of July laft ; and the remainder confifls 
 of the material part of Lord Pigot's difpatch to the Eaft-India Com- 
 pany, by the fame vefTel. 
 
 To render the fubjed more intelligible to the reader, the papers 
 areconneded by a narrative and illuftrated with notes. An intro- 
 duction is prefixed, explaining the right of the Nabob to Tan- 
 jore; and OBSERVATIONS are annexed to the whole, which, it is 
 hoped, contain a complete refutation of fuch arguments, as 
 are advanced by the adherents of Lord Pigot, and the authors of the 
 unjuft and impolitic orders, for the reftoration of Tanjore. Nothing, 
 in fhort, has been omitted, that was thought conducive to the 
 throwing light on a fubjed, which muft come under public difcuflion, 
 on account of its own importance, and the flagrant injuftice of the 
 Eaft-India Company's fervants. 
 
 INTRO- 
 
 358009
 
 INTRODUCTION*. 
 
 TH E flagrant a£ls of injuflice committed by the East-India Company, 
 as well as by ihe\r fe>vanis, againtt the natives of India, have always 
 called forth the /)//>', and fometimes the animadverjion of the nation. At 
 prclent, the attention of the public, and (it is to be hoped) its refentmentj are 
 rouzed by the unheard-of opprefTions heaped upon Mahotnmed AH, Nabob 
 of Argot, the old, faithful, and ftrenuous ally of the Britilh nation. The 
 catalogue of the grievances of that unfortunate prince would fill a large 
 volume ; but we Ihall, at prefent, confine ourfeives to the affair of Tan- 
 jORE, in which the Company's Servants have not only violated the Rights 
 of the Nabob, but have even broken and trampled under foot the Treaties 
 and mo^folemn Engagements of the Britijh Nation. 
 
 Mahommed Ali, Nabob of Arcot, or the Cartiatic, is defcendcd from 
 an ancient family, who accompanied the firft Mogul conquerors into India, 
 and who were eminent in the favour and fervice of the emperors of the 
 Mogul race, ever fince they eftablilhed themfelves on the throne of Delhi, 
 in tl.e year 1526. Anwar^ the grandfather of the prefent Nabob, whilft 
 
 • A State of Fails relative to Tanjore, wllW^n /ippendix oi Original Papers, was publifhed, 
 before the paper?, which chiefly form this colleflion, were received from. India. The FaSs 
 contained in the State, are briefly recapitulated in this Introdudion, with a defign of throwinjj 
 the tuhole fuhjeii, at once, before the eye of the reader. The argument is ilated, with 
 greater precifion, in the Observations annexed to the papers; and objcliions are cithe 
 tlviaitd or refuted, 
 
 a 2 P—
 
 [ vlli J 
 
 Dewan of the province of Patna, entered into the (Iridleft friendfliip with 
 ihe Englifh nation. His father, Anwar-nl-dien^ having obtained the Nabob- 
 fhip of Arcot, in the year 1744, uniformly fided with the Englifh againft 
 the French, till he was killed in battle by the latter, on the 23d of July 
 1749, bravely fighting for his allies and frends. 
 
 The prefent Nabob fucceeded his father, in his affcftion for the Englifli 
 as well as in his governn-ient. He had done them the mod eflential fcr- 
 vices, when his father was alive ; he faved them, in a manner, from de- 
 ftrudion, after his father's death. He fupported the whole expence of the 
 war on the coaft of Coromandel ; he advanced money for the expedition to 
 Calcutta, which procured for us the kingdom of Bengal •, he defrayed 
 the expence of the fiege of Pondicherry, and thus broke the power of the 
 French in Hindoftan. The friends of the Englifh were his friends ; he made 
 their enemies his own v he communicated with them in all his councils j 
 he made them partners in his authority, his power, and his refources. 
 
 In return for thefe favours and fervices, he was declared, in the eleventh 
 article of the treaty of Paris, lawful Nabob of the Carmtic, and confequently 
 Scvcreign &r)dfe:/dal Lord of Tan-jore ; a province in the very heart of the 
 Cartiatic, and ever fince the Mogul conquefl, uniformly depe'ident upon it. 
 
 1 In addition to this folemn invcftiture, by two of the greatell: nations in 
 the world, the Mogul emperor, Shah Allum, by a Firmaun, dated in the 
 
 \year J765, rendered him independent on the crown of Delhi. 
 
 'Tanjore, before the conquefl of it by the Moguls, was governed by its 
 native princes, who became Zemindars or vaflals to the conquerors. One of 
 thefe princes, being prcffed by his neiglibours, about eighty years ago, 
 imprudently called to his aid a Marattoe plunderer, named^Eckc^ee, who, 
 with a perfidy common to his nation, feized Tanjore, and drove into exile 
 the unfortunate man, to whofe afTiftance he came. Eckogee and his family 
 governed Tanjore, ever fince, wih the cruelty and ferocity natural to tlicir 
 race. 
 
 The Mogul emperors, as long as the tribute was paid, gave little atten- 
 tion to the title or iiiherent right of the Renter. They, however, augmented 
 the tribute to thirty, lacks per ana. v/hich fum was alwjys paid to the Nabob of 
 
 Arcot,
 
 [ ix ] 
 
 Arcot, within whofe government Tanjore was always confidered to lie. After 
 feveral aflTaffinations, one Pertaub Sing, a hajlard, of the family of the ufurper 
 EckogeCy took poficfllon of Tanjore in the year 1741. This perfidious 
 tyrant, being execrated by the public, Ali Dooft Chan, Nabob of ylrcot, 
 imprifoned him, upon an allowance of half a crown a day, to the great joy 
 of the people of Tanjore. Pertaub Sing., however, upon the death of Ali 
 Dooft, in the year 1744, obtained the Zcmindary, upon engaging to pay 
 annually jJ/Ay /<zf^j of rupees, or fix hundred and twenty-five thoufand pounds 
 S terlin g. ~ 
 
 His former misfortunes produced no favourable effefl on the treache- 
 rous mind of Pertaub Sing. When his feudal Lord, the prefent Nabob's 
 father, was ftrenuoufly fighting for the Englijh, this vajfal avowedly aided 
 the French. When Jnwar-ul-dien was killed, by the French, on the 23d 
 of July 1749, the hands of his fon and fuccelTor, the unfortunate prince whom 
 the Eaft.India Company now cpprefs, were fo much weakened, that he could 
 not enforce the obedience of his vaflal, Pertaub Sing ; and the confequence 
 was, that he refufed to furnifh his quota, for the defence of the country, 
 againft the French and their allies. 
 
 "o 
 
 Notwithftanding a conduft fo hoftile to the Englifh, and to their faithful 
 ally, Mr. (now Lord) Pigot, concluded a treaty with Pertaub Sing, in di- 
 re6t violation of the juft rights of his feudal Lord, Pertaub Sing's tribute 
 was reduced to little more t\mn forty thouf and pounds per ann. ; a fmall fum 
 was taken, in the place of all arrears, though Mr. Pigot had given the 
 mo'A.folemn ajfurances to the Nabob, that he would aflift him to recover the 
 former tribute. A d<:ht. oi kwcn \zck%, {shout feventy-five thoif and pounds) 
 for which Pertaub Sing had given his bond to the Nabob's father, was de- 
 clared to be cancelled. In vain did the unfortunate Nabob remonftrate 
 againft the negociating away his undoubted riglits, A tributary Zemindar, 
 or Renter, who had abetted the French, is placed by an Englifh governor on 
 the fame footing with an Englifh ally, an old, tried, and faithful friend. 
 This unfortunate friend had his troops cut olF on various occafions, his 
 country depopulated, his revenues exhaufted in fighting our battles. Bur, 
 as his treafury was empty, he could not furchafe even justice ; but Pertaub 
 Sifig, having not done his duty, was in a condition to obtain favours. The re- 
 
 monftrances
 
 [ X 1 
 
 monflranccs* of the poor N^bob were, therefore, lofl on the prefidency of 
 Madras ; for their hearts had been turned \nio Jlones -f. 
 
 Soon after the conclufion of this ^ay? znd honourable txc2i\.y, IfoufCawn, 
 a fubjed: of the Nabob, rebelled in the province of Madura. Perlaub 
 Sing aided his rebellion with his councils, treafure, and troops J ; and, upon 
 Pertcuh Shjg'^ death, his fon y^.y^j^f^, the now reftored Zemindar of y^w- 
 jore^ fucceedcd him in his government, profligacy, and inveterate enmity 
 to the EngliJJj and ihc Nabcb. He entered into a clofe connexion with I/cuf 
 Cawn§, and afterwards with Hyder J!i ; he aided that indefatigable partizan 
 in invading the Carnatic, He gave him money, elephants, and provifions ; 
 he enabled him, in fhort, to pufli the war to the very gates of Madras ||. 
 Upon every occalion he infulted the Engli/h and the Nabob. Contrary to the 
 remonftrances of both, he invaded the territories of their vaffals, he plun- 
 dered the country, and turned, with the utmoll indignity, their agents from 
 his prefence 4. 
 
 This hoftile and unjuft condutH: muft, in its very nature, have can- 
 celled the treaty of 1762, had even that treaty been founded on juftice: 
 bcfides, the treaty had expired with Pertaub Sing. Neither that Ze- 
 mindar nor his fon Tuljagee confidercd the treaty perpetual. It would 
 nor, in facl, be perpetual., as the ele£iion of the fon was eventual, and de- 
 
 • Vide his letter to Mr. Pigot, of the ijtli of July 1762, printed (p. 109.) in the following 
 Colleaion. 
 
 f The treaty of Sept. 20th, 1762, is critically examined in the Obfervations annexed to thefe 
 papers ; which renders it unneceffary to enlarge upon it, in this place. 
 
 \ Vide an original letter from Pertaub Sing, Rajacf Tanjore, to Ifouf Cawn, and two letters 
 from Ifouf Cawn to Pertaub Sing, printed No. III. of the State of FaQs relati-ve to Tanjort, 
 p. 46, 47, 48. 
 
 § Vide two original letters from I/oufCa'wn to Tuljagee ; and a letter from Monfieur Mer- 
 chant to Tuljagee, on the fame fubjeft ; printed in the .-Appendix to the State relati've to Tan- 
 jore. No. III. p. 49, 50. 
 
 II Vide two original letters from Tuljagee to Hyder Ali, printed in the Appendix to the State 
 of Falls, No. IV. p. 50, 51, jz. 
 
 4. Vide Confultations at Madras in 1768 and 1769, and general letters during thofe two 
 years. Indta-houfe. Confultations, Feb. 11, 1771. 
 
 pended
 
 [ xi ] 
 
 pcnded on the favour and pleafure of the feudal fuperior, the h^abob of 
 Jrcot. 
 
 But Ihould it be granted, contrary to every idea of jujlice, and oppofi- 
 tion to truth itfelf, that the treaty was perpetual, muft the Engli/h and their 
 ally, the Nabob, be precluded from enforcing * tht performance of an obli- 
 gation by which they themfelves are bound ? Muft they be bound, and 
 'Tuljagee be left at liberty? Does the infamous and unjujl treaty of 1762 
 prohibit the Nabob from removing his vajal (even acknowledged as fucb 
 by Lord Pigot himfelff) upon his failing to perform his feudal duties? 
 Was not his father removed by a Subadar of the Carnatic ? Shall the 
 prefent Nabob FORFEIT h\s rights for his alliance with the Englifh \ for his 
 he'mg guaranteed by the treaty of Paris; for his being declared independent 
 of the empire of the Moguls ? Shall every thing that eftablifhed the 
 rights of other princes, deprive the unfortunate Mah«M£d Ali oHns rights, 
 becaufe his fituation has placed him within the reach of the infatiable avarice 
 of individuals of a nation that has coft him fo much of his treafure and 
 his blood ? This is an infult upon common fenfe, as well as an unprece- 
 dented attack on common jujiice i 
 
 Had even the treaty of 1762 extended to the fon of Pertaub Sing (whicl^ 
 it has been already proved it could not) that fon fhewed that he was 
 not worthy of deriving any benefit from it. He manifefted, upon every oc- 
 cafion, a determined, an inveterate enmity to the Englifh nation. He held 
 an avowed correfpondence with their avowed enemies. He withheld his 
 tribute from h\% feudal fuperior, the Nabob of Arcot; and he added infult to 
 difobedience. "When he was required, by the Prefidency of Madras, to abftain 
 from injuftice, he prepared for war. This induced the Prefidency to recur 
 to the pofitive orders of the Court of Direftors, relative to Tanjore. 
 
 Orders were accordingly ifTued to General Smith to lay fiegc to Tanjore. 
 The place was invefted in September 1771 ^ but the Nabob, with more bu' 
 
 • The Company, as guarantees of the treaty, engaged " to the utmofl of their power to 
 •< afGft the party performing againll the party failing to perform." Vide p. 117 of this Col- 
 leOion. 
 
 t Vide a letter under the feal of Governor PIgot, to the KiUidars, Kalmildars, &ii. 
 
 printed in the Appendix to the State 0/ Fads relative tQ Tanjert, 
 c 
 ^ manit
 
 C xil ] 
 
 manity than policy, accepted ihc pretended fubmi/Tion of the Zemindar, on the 
 24th of Oflober. The rear of the army had fcarce ceafed to be fee n, from 
 the walisof Tanjore, when the perfidious Zemindar began to encourage the 
 Marattoes to invade the Carnatic. The Marattoes accordingly, under the 
 command of Trimbuckrow, entered the Carnatic, and pillaged the coun- 
 try J and the Nabob was obliged to favc his dominions, by buying off thofc 
 plunderers. The intercepted letters of the Zemindar of Tanjore prove, be- 
 yond contradiflion, that the invafion was undertaken by his advice and at his 
 inftigation, at the very time he pretended to throw himfelf at the feet of the 
 EngliJ}j and the Nabob, for forgivenefs and mercy. When the Marattoes 
 retreated, he renewed his applications for a fecond invafion of our territories •, 
 yet this perfidious Zemindar or Renter is the injured King, whom Lord Pigot 
 has reftored to dominions which m-'jer belonged of right either to him or 
 his family ! 
 
 The intrigues of Tuljagee were not confined to the Marattoes. He fent 
 feveral embaifies to Hyder Ali, the determined enemy of the EngliJJi. He 
 entered into the ftridteft connexions with the French, the Dutch, and the 
 Danes. With the French he aiflually concluded a treaty. Large fums of 
 money, an exclufive privilege of trade and valuable territories, were to have 
 been exchanged for a body of Europeans and a train of artillery. He fold 
 whole diflridts to the Dutch ; he mortgaged others to the Danes. The three 
 nations were to lend him their troops, to declare themfelves his allies, in his 
 meditated war againfl: the Englip and the Nabob : yet this is the injured 
 King, whom Lord Pigot reftores to dominions which never belonged to his 
 family * ! 
 
 When this ftorm was gathering, the Nabob applied for the aid of the 
 EngUf) to difpofiefs a perfidious Renter, whom no treaties, no oaths could 
 bind. The laws of felf-prefervation, as well as the laws of India, had ren- 
 dered the meafure indifpenfably ncceffary. The matter was debated with a 
 coolnefs fuitable to its importance. The pretended guarantee of iy6z vi&s 
 carefully canvafled and fcrupuloufly weighed. There was not a fingle perfon 
 at the Board fo biafled in his judgment, fo loft to every idea of common 
 juftice, as to fuppofe, that a treaty forced by the heavy hand of power upon 
 
 • The intercepted letters, and papers proving all the fafts mentioned in this paragraph, arc 
 printed in the Appendix to the State of F alii rtlativt to Tanjort. 
 
 „ the
 
 [ xiii ] 
 
 xhz Nabob, had not expired with Pertaub Sing; even if it had not been 
 broken, in every article, by his fon, xht perfidious Tuljagee f. 
 
 The necefTity of difplacing that Zemindar appeared to the whole Board. 
 An expedition was refolved upon unanimoufly, as the only means to preferve 
 the power of this nation on the coaft. Sir Robert Harland, his IMajefty's 
 plenipotentiary in the Carnatic, urged, in the name of the King, the pro- 
 priety of depriving Tuljagee of hrs Zemindary. His Majefty himfelf, in a 
 letter dated in April 1772, had congratulated the Nabob upon the expedi- 
 tion in the year 1771. The King 0/ Great Britain, in this letter fubfcribed 
 by himfelf, is pleafed to fay, " It gave us fatisfaftion to hear, that the Go- 
 " vernor and Council of Madras had fent the Company's troops with yours 
 " to reduce your tributary, the Raja of Tanjore, to obedience; in which we 
 " hope, with the blejjing of God, they will be fuccefsful." The King of Great 
 Britain calls the Raja ofTaiijore a tributary-, yet Lord Pigot dignifies that 
 very Raja with the title of King, and reftores him to dominions which never 
 belonged in property to his family ! 
 
 It is now time to introdijce his LorJfhip's King to the acquaintance of the 
 reader. When I'tiljagee fucceeded his father Pertaub Sing, as Renter of Tan- 
 jore, the firft a£l of his government was expreffive of the futility of his cha- 
 rafter and principles. He difgraced the fervants of his father, and raifed 
 to the office of Miniflier, and to the command of his troops, a fellow 
 whole former employment was to hold to him the fpitting-box, when he 
 chewed beetle-nut. He had been alfo his Barazvar or f imp, which honourable 
 office he continued to hold with that of iVlinifter. In the capacity of Bara- 
 ivar, he recommended his ownfifter to Tuljagee ; whilft, in that of Mini- 
 Jler, he executed his moll cruel and wanton orders. Tyranny, cruelty, op- 
 prcffion, laid wafte the country without; riot, debauchery, and every fpecies 
 of vice, reigned within the palace. To fupply the extravagance of the 
 Zemindar and his principal fervant, money was extorted from the wretched 
 farmers by unheard-of tortures, "and the cry of the oppreffed people afcended 
 to Heaven. There was, in (hort, no fpecies of pullic injuJlicB, none ot pri- 
 vate projligacy, which luljagee did not piadlife himfelf or encourage in others. 
 The tficcls of drunkennefs, riot, and debauchery, together with diforders 
 
 f Tlic fuhjc^ of the Treaty 1762, is difcufTed in tlie Obser va-i ions a'-irexeJ to thefe 
 Papers. 
 
 b incident
 
 [ xiv ] 
 
 incident to his courfe of pleafures, enervated his mind and enfeebled his 
 body. He often lay wallowing for whole days in the moll beaftly intoxica- 
 tion ; and having, at times, acquired fiaitious courage from the fumes of 
 ftrong liquors, he would talk of nothing but extirpating the EngUJh^ or driv- 
 ing them out of India, But when danger came, he betrayed every fymptom 
 of terror-, and his pufiUanimity during the fiege deprived him of that pity ^ 
 which is feldom denied to the unfortunate. 
 
 Such is the character of the profligate Zemindar, whom the India Com- 
 pany have raifed to a throne, and the title of King! Neither his Barawar 
 Gilbilliapaw, nor any one of the DireSors who Jigned the orders for reftoring 
 him to his pretended dominions, can, with truth, affirm that the colouring 
 is overcharged. The pidure would be ftill more like the original, had not 
 \n?,fecr6t vices been left in the Qiade -, but over thefe we fhall draw a veil, 
 for the honour of human nature. Such is the man for whom an old and 
 faithful ally of Great Britain is difionoured and Jlript of his dominions, by 
 fome of the fulje£fs of Great Britain, in dired violation oi z public treaty, by 
 which HIS Majesty guaranteed thofe very dominions to the Nabob oi Jrcot. 
 But it feems Lord Pigot guaranteed Tanjore to Pertaub Sing, in the year 
 1762 ; and therefore the guarantee of the King of Great Britain mull 
 yield to that of his Lordfhip ! ! ! 
 
 Preparatory to the injuflice of reftoring Tanjore to the difplaced Renter, 
 injurious reports of the bad treatment he met with from the Nabob were 
 induftrioudy propagated. The enemies of Mah^mmed Jli thought it necef- 
 faty to ruin his reputation before they robbed him of his dominions. Nothing, 
 however, could be more unjuft. Upon the taking of ■Ti3;?/or^, the fort and 
 country came into the hands of the Nabob, as a forfeiture from a rebellious 
 vajiil to his feudal lord. The Renter remained in his p.ilace. He was 
 fcarccly lefs at large than when he fecluded himfelf from the world for the 
 gratification of his ovin fecret and abominable vices. He received a revenue 
 fuitable to his rank. His mother, his women, his relations, the companions 
 of his vices, (for who could be the friends of Tuljagee ?) remained with him ; 
 and all were maintained at the Nabob's expence. His mother. and he himfelf 
 were thoroughly fatisfied with their fituation. In a letter to the N;'-bnb, 
 which is now publilhed, J/je fays, " I want words to exprefs my gratitude. 
 « Be pleafed to continue your friendfliip -, we (hall rely henceforth on your 
 " Highnefs for fupport." Tuljagee himfelf, in another letter, fays, "Your 
 
 " Hii:,hners
 
 [ XV ] 
 
 " Highnefs is more dear to me, in my efteem, than the deceafed Maha- 
 " raja, (his father, Pcrtatib Sing) for your Highnefs has manifefted a greater 
 " degree of kindefs for me than ever lie did *." 
 
 Upon the whole, it may be affirmed, with truth, that the opinion of the 
 SeleSt Committee, on the 22d of June 177.9, wlien they deliberated on the 
 expedition againft 'Tatijore., was juft in every refpedt. They unanimoujly 
 agreed, " that it was dangerous, in the prefent fyftem, to have fuch a power 
 " as the Raja of Tanjore in the heart of the Carnatic; and that it was expe- 
 " dient, for the fafety of the Carnatic and the Comfanfs pojfejfions., that the 
 ♦' Rajaof Tanjore fhould be reduced." The meafure, in faft, was founded 
 on the law and principle of felf-defence. It has already appeared, from the 
 conftitution of the empire of the Moguls, and the nature of the feudal fyfterh 
 in India, that the Zemindar of Tanjore, as a vajjal of the Carnatic, held his 
 country by certain tenures, which he had avowedly and repeatedly broken 
 and violated. In confequence of fuch breach and violation, his feudal Lord 
 was authoriftd by the law of nations and every principle of juftice to difpof- 
 fefs him. But if the Nabob was authorifed to difpoflefs him, by what 
 law or by wh^tjujlice did the Court of Diredors take upon them to fend orders 
 to reftore him, in breach of nfolemn treaty made by the King, and approved 
 of by the Parliament of Great Britain ? Is it juft, or even is \t prudent, for 
 a few Diredtors in Leadenhall-ftreet to violate, with their orders, the en- 
 gagements of the Nation ? 
 
 This bufinefs requires farther explanation. In the treaty of Paris, the 
 Crowns of Great Britain and France exprefsly guaranteed Mahommed Ali, 
 Nabob of Arcot, in all his poirefTions ; that is, in the tvhole of the Carnatic. 
 Tanjore is not only a dependent province, and its Zemindar a vajfal, but it is 
 alfo in the very heart of the dominions of tlie Nabob. Tanjore, therefore, is 
 exprefsly comprehended in the guarantee, as a part of the Carnatic -f . The 
 
 • Tuljagee never pafTed his time more agreeably, than when lie lived a mm'znal prifoner in 
 his own palace. The walls, which furround tl.e palace and pisarure-gardens, are ntara mile in 
 circumference. There he pafled his time, with his women, mother, relations and friends. The 
 whole time was fpent in feilivity and joy, in piping, dancing, and one continued round of di- 
 verfions. An Englifti gentleman (Mr. Salmon) at prefent in London, who held a Tefpeflable 
 office at Tanjore, and lived in that place till the Raja was rellored, is ready to vouch for all 
 thefe circumfiances. 
 
 t The fubjeft is iiz\'^ fully canvaffed and explained in the Ob/ervalions annexed to thefe 
 Papers. 
 
 b 2 treaty
 
 [ xvi ] 
 
 treaty was made hy one, and approved of by the three Eftates of Parliati'icnt i 
 it is, therefore, binding on all the fubjefts of Great Britain. What right 
 have fubjedls to cede dominions guaranteed by the treaties of the Sovereign ? 
 Would not Parliament, (hould the NaboS petition them, examine into 
 this daring breach made by individuals, on the public faith ? What anfwer 
 will the then leading Directors give, when called to the Bar of the Hou(e, 
 to the queftion, " Have you brought about by your Influence, have yow 
 " authorifed by your Signature, the ceffion of a i^rmory guaranteed by the 
 *' Crown and Parliament of Great Britain -f- ?" 
 
 The orders given to Lord Pigot for the reftoration of Tanjore to the dif- 
 placed Renter, were evidently founded on falfe as well as tinjujl principles. 
 They take it for granted, with an effrontery fcarce excufable in the motl 
 ignorant (not to ufe a more fevere epithet), that Tuljagee, the fon of a Baftard, 
 and of the race of an Ufurpcr, is the hereditary Sovereign and lawful Proprietor 
 of Tanjore. But the very reverie has been repeatedly proved to the Public, 
 and ought to have been always known to men who decide on the fate of" 
 empires. 
 
 The orders arc, to the laft degree, unjujl; becaufe it has been proved^ 
 that the Nabob had an inherent right, as Subadar of the Carnatic, to difpofTefs 
 his vaffal, the Renter of Tanjore, when he failed to perform his feudal duties. 
 But if the right is inherent in the Nabob, what title has the Eaff-India Com- 
 pany to reftore his feudatory without his confent ? Is not the territory his 
 own ? Has the Company any right, has it even any pretence of claim on his 
 dominions ? Have the fervants of the Company, have the DireScrs who 
 iigned the orders, a right, not only to break every tie which ought to bind 
 themfelves, but even the treaties and guaramees of their Sovereign, the Kincr 
 of Great Britain, approved by the two other Eftates of Parliament ? 
 
 Did not the Company's Governor and Council deliver over, under the 
 moft folemn engagements, ftipulations, and conditions, the fore and coun- 
 try of Tanjore, to its lawful Sovereign the Nabob ? Has that unfortunate and 
 cpprelTed Prince broke any part of the treaty ? Nay, has he not fulfilled his 
 engagements with the utmoft juftice and honour? What then canjuflify 
 
 + The objpflioiis raifcd againll Taniorc's being comprehended iatl.c natioiul guarantee of 
 1763, arc examined and refuted, in the Ob/efvations cited in the preceding no:e. 
 
 tht-
 
 [ xvii ] 
 
 the Company to make fnch a flagrant breach on iheir fide ? Do thef; me» 
 think that they will be permitted to break the treaties of the nation, to ora- 
 tify their refentments, or to ferve their interefis'i What retribution can they 
 make to the Company, flaould the Nabob recover, in a court of law, more 
 than two millions Sterlings for his expences in reducing Tanjore ? What 
 amends can they make to Great Britain, for involving her, perhaps, in a 
 war ? What, if France, who has, as well as Great Britain, guaranteed his 
 dominions to the Nabob, fliould make the fupport of xhzx guarantee a pre- 
 tence of war ? Are a few viftims to public juJHce a fiifficient recompence 
 to this nation for the lives of thoitfands and the expence of millions? Are 
 thefe events either improbable or impoITible J— ^nd what profped have we 
 of friends in the Eaft, after having made fuch a flagrant breach on the 
 Nabob's undoubted-rights ? Is the oppreffing and ruining old friends the way 
 to acquire new allies? The patience of this nation has been great, but 
 the nation was defignedly mifled. 
 
 Upon every principle of expedience and policy, as well as of juftice, the or- 
 ders delerve to be reprobated, and ought to be reverfed. Lord Pigot and the 
 Diredors who procured the orders have deprived of a rich country a power, 
 whofe fidelity Great Britain has long tried, whofe attachment fiie has long expe- 
 rienced. They refl:ore it to another, who has been uniformly treacherous and 
 hojlile. The former is, from early affeflion and inclination, om friend; the lat- 
 ter, from early prejudices and recent injuries, our enemy. The one has added the 
 affedion of W:& father, to his own regard for the Ejtgl/Jh intereji ; the other has. 
 joined an hereditary averfion to us, to his own particular regard for the 
 French intereft. But fhould the Renter of Tanjore throw off his natural difpo- 
 fition, and wilh to be grateful, will not common prudence teach him not to 
 put any truft in Britip faith? Can a newly- acquired Ally place any confidence 
 in our treaties, after we have broken every public and private tie, which 
 bound us to an old and faithful friend, after we ha.vefeized, when we pretended 
 to reftore, his country, after keeping him in a manner a prifoner, when we 
 boafl: of raifing him to a throne * ? 
 
 On the ground of expedience, a thoufand arguments might be urged from, 
 reverfing immediately the orders. Tanjore is one of the molt fertile and 
 
 » See the letter written, it is fuppofed, by Lord Pigot tohimfelf, in the t>arae of Tuijagce; 
 it is priflted in this Colietlion. 
 
 3 moT:
 
 [ xviii ] 
 
 ■moft opulent provinces in the Decan. >A'fien it remained in the hands of 
 the hcjJHe Renter, whom Lcrd Pigot patronizes, the French, Butch, and 
 Danes, were enabled to provide more confiderabie inveftments in the 
 ibuth^rn countries than the EngUjh Company. But fhould the French pof- 
 fefs themfelves of the province of Tanjore, (a circumftance which will 
 infallibly follow its being reftored to the iormtx pri-fligate Renter) they will 
 derive from it great refources of war •, a revenue, provifions, coolies, beafts 
 of burden. They will alfo interfed the Carnatic, and fo cut off the com- 
 miTnication between the fouthern provinces and cur principal force. Tri- 
 chinopoly, Madura, Tinnevelly, the countries of the Great and Little 
 Marawar, mud fall into the hands of French : befides, they will have 
 it in their power to ftarve Madras, by flopping the importation of grain 
 from Trimili Wafh and other fea-ports of Tanjore. 
 
 Should Tanjore remain in the hands of the Nabob, with an EngliJI: garri- 
 fon in the fort, it would be impoflible for an European enemy to march fix 
 miles from the coaft, for want of coolies and beafts of burden. The inveft- 
 ments of the Company might be increafed ; the refources of Tanjore, in- 
 ftead of ftrengthening our enemies, would fupply our/elves in war ; our ter- 
 ritories, and confequently our commerce, would extend from the Ganges 
 to Cape Comorin ; the fea on one fide, the weftern mountains on the 
 other, would form a double barrier for our protettion ; and the Nabob, by 
 the addition made to his revenue, would be enabled to entertain a body of 
 horfe, to fecure the country from the predatory incurfions of the Marat- 
 toes. Thefe being incontrovertible fafts, what excufe had the Direclors for 
 gratifying Lord Pigot, at the expence of the Britilh nation? Had they been 
 of the Duke de Choifeul's cabinet, in the year 1770, they could not forward, 
 with a greater appearance of zeal, or with more real fuccefs, the views of that 
 ambitious minifter on the coaft of Coromandel, which exaflly correfponded 
 with the arrangements made by their orders. His objeft was to efta- 
 blifh ?, force in the heart of our territories, and they have actually done with 
 a firoke of \.\\tfen, what France meditated to do by the /word. 
 
 On the univerfally admitted principles of juftice, on thofe of equity and 
 common law, on thofe of the law of nature and nations, in point of expe- 
 dience and policy, on the fcore of public treaties and folemn engagements, 
 the orders ought to be reprobrated, and muft be revcrfed. An expedition 
 is underiaken, a conqueft is completed by the exprefs orders of the Coni- 
 8 pany,
 
 [ xix ] 
 
 pan'/, and under the fanHion of the ftate. This expedition and this 
 conqueft were carried on and finiflied at the fole expence of the Nabob. 
 The particulars of that expence have been already made public *. They 
 amount to between two and three millions fterling. Is not the Nabob (now 
 he is difpoflcfled of Tanjore) entitled by equity^ and even by la-w, to have 
 his expences refunded ? Who then is to refund this great fum ? Is the 
 Company to be encumbered with a debt of millions, becaufe a few Di- 
 re£lors have chofen to gratify Lord Pigol's resentment, or to forward his 
 INTEREST ? Or will they, in mere friendjhip, pay the debt out of their own 
 private fortunes ? But granting that the Dire£fors, by apiming the name 
 of the Eaft- India Company, are immediately freed from fuits at law, will 
 the legidature of this kingdom fuffer an ally to be robbed, and public trea- 
 ties to be broken, with impunity? Will even the Proprietors of India Stock 
 fit down in tranquillity, under the lofs of a free- gift of ^oo,cool. and the 
 expence of a body of horfe, and three battalions of feapoys, for ever ? Will 
 they bear with patience the paying the expences of the Nabob, becaufe Lord 
 Pigot, by intrigues at the India-Houfe, obtained orders fubverfive of 
 every principle of juftice, and every rule of policy? The DireHors have 
 been truly generous to Lord Pigot and his friend, the Renter of Tanjore! 
 They break treaties to pleafe his Lordfloip : they reftore provinces to a 
 man, who has been uniformly an enemy to Great Britain ! ! ! 
 
 Some profligate perfons have been very bufy in adding defamation to in- 
 jufiice. They charge the unfortunate Nabob with ambition, and a defign of 
 independence. Where have they gathered this idle tale, or how can rhey fup- 
 port it ? The mofl inveterate of his enemies cannot produce a {mo\- in- 
 Itance of his ever having entertained a wilh of being independent. But fhould 
 accunuilaced adls of cppreffion, rapacity, indignity, and of public and private 
 injiifiice, fuggeft hereafter fuch a defign to his almoft diftraded mind, how 
 IS it poffible for him to execute it ? Are not his forts garrifoned with our 
 troops, his army commanded by our officers, his own perfon, his children, 
 his family, his fervants, under the very guns of Fort St. George f ? This 
 infamous afperfion has been raifed by fome of the fervants of the Com.pany, 
 becaufe the iV^^oi- has appealed to ihs jufiice of the Nation from the /»- 
 jufiice of the Company, as well as of 'individuals in its fervice. 
 
 [• Vide the Appendix to \\\e StaU ofFaas lately puUilhed. 
 t Yet Lord Pigot made a motion in the Councii at Madras, that it (hould be recommended 
 to the Nabob to remove to Arcot. His Lordfiii,) loft ihe queRion, on a divifion. by a major ty 
 oi /even to f cur, ^ 
 
 ORIGINAL
 
 ORIGINAL PAPERS 
 
 REI, ATIVE TO 
 
 T A N J R E. 
 
 LORD Pigot, having obtained f orders, from the Court of Diredlors, to 
 rellcre the province of Tanjore to the difplaced Zemindar, arrived at 
 Madras in the beginning of December 1775. The firfl: three weeks after his 
 Lordfliip's arrival palTed in a pretended harmony with the Nabob of Arcot. Ic 
 was certainly pretended, on the fide of Lord Pigot; but, on that of the Na- 
 bob, it was really y?mKj-. He gave liis Lordfhip iomt valuable marks of his 
 confidence and friendfliip, which fhall be fully explained in another place. 
 When the Eaftern ceremony of prefents was over. Lord Pigot refolved to 
 explain the objedt of his miffion in the following letter. 
 
 f Lord Pigoi's great and avowed object, in going to India, was the reftoration of Tanjore 
 to the difplaced Renier. • The Chairman and Deputy-chairman of the Court of Diredlors, at the 
 time, were no firangers to his Lordlhip's wifhes on this head ; yet it was only propofed, at 
 firft, to intercede wich the Nabob, for an affignment of an allowance proper for the Raji, and a 
 guard for the proteftion of hi? perfon. Lord Pigot, however, by his frequent vifits to the Indi^- 
 Houfe, OBTAINED, as mentioned in the text, the orders for the total reltoration of Tanjore. 
 'I his was a point of great difficuliy, notwithdanding the utmoft exertion of influence and intrigue. 
 'J he ordfTS lay a fortnight in the India Houfe, before a legal number of fignatues could be ob- 
 tained in the Court of D reflors ; and they were at laft figned, on the very day of the annual elex- 
 lien, the I7th of April 1775, when the Court of Proprietors were met to chufc «f-a.' Dircdors, and 
 coiifujutKt'y fcjt the time, fufpended ti-e authority of theo/ii', 
 
 * B Letter
 
 [ 2 ] 
 
 Letter from Lord Ptgot to the Nabob) dated ^oth December, ITJS' 
 
 ^0 the Nabob. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 T] NDE R ST AN D ING from your fons, Umdaht-ul-Omrah and 
 Ameer-ul-Omrah, whom I had the honour to fee this morning, that 
 it was your wi[h, I (hould communicate to you in writing the purport of the 
 Orders I have received from the Company refpefting Tanjore, I think I can- 
 not comply with your requeft in a more fatisfadory manner, than by giving 
 you an extraft of thofe orders. 
 
 " In order to remedy fo far as may be the inconveniencies occafioned by 
 the mifcondud of our late Prefident and Council, we have thought pro- 
 per to conftitute, and by our commifTion under our feal, dated the nth 
 inftant, have conftituted and appointed you, to be our Governor and Coun- 
 cil of Fort St. George, for governing and managing all the Company's 
 affairs on the coaft of Coromandel and Orixa, and all our Forts, Factories, 
 and Settlements thereunto belonging •, fubjeft however to the limitations and 
 reftriflions contained in a late ASt of Parliament, intituled, ' An Aft for 
 
 * eftablifliing certain regulations for the better management of the affairs 
 
 * of the Eaft India Company, as well in India as in Europe.' It behoves 
 you to avoid all meafures of a like tendency with thofe which have involved 
 our fervants in the confequences of our difpleafure *. 
 
 *' In the execution of the truft now repofed in you, feveral important 
 ■objeds claim your immediate and moft ferious confideration. We Ihali 
 point out what we. wifh to have accomplifhcd, and fugged fuch means as 
 appear to us moft likely to be effedual for obtaining the ends propofed j 
 but we are convinced that fuccefs miift in a great meafure depend upon the 
 wifdom of your Councils, the integrity and firmnefs of your condud, and 
 in no fmall degree upon the feafonable exertion of thofe peculiar abiliiies for 
 which your right honourable Prefident is fo juftly and eminently diftin- 
 guilhed X- 
 
 * This expreflion is highly ridiculous and abfurd ; and totally inconfiftent wi:h the Orders of 
 the Year 1769. It is ridiculous, bccaufe tlie few Direflors who iigncd the- Orders .-ilFunie the lan- 
 guage of fovereignty ; and abfurd, becaufe it contradifls the exprefs O.ders of a former Court. 
 
 X The world will be probably enabled to judge concerning the jujlice of this euIogiuiH, after 
 peruficg the following papers, 
 
 »' As
 
 [ 3 ] 
 
 " As the fulemn promile made by our Governor and Council, at the 
 reqiieft of the Nabob of the Carnatic and the King of Tanjore, to guarantee 
 the Treaty of 1762, has been fully approved by the Court of Direflors, 
 we cannot but confider the public faith of the Company as forfeited, and the 
 honour of the Britifli nation deeply afFcdled, by the meafures taken for de- 
 throning that unhappy prince, whofe kingdom has been wrefted from him 
 by our fervants, and put under the government of Mahommed AliCawn, 
 in diredt violation of that Treaty, and contrary to our repeated orders and in - 
 Jirutlions, ivhich have uniformly and exprefsly prohibited them from attempting to 
 enlarge our ovjn or the Nabob's dominions J. 
 
 " And as we have refolved to contribute, fo far as in us lies, towards the 
 reftoration of the king of Tanjore, which, by every tie of honour, we con- 
 ceive ourfelves bound to do, we hereby diredl that you take the mod effectual 
 meafures, without lofs of time, for fecuring the perfon of the king of Tan- 
 jore-, and that you ionhwth a^'^oxnt. \nm ^ proper guard for his prote£iion, 
 and alfo for the proteSion of his family *; and inform him, that we have de- 
 termined to replace him upon the throne of his anceflors, upon certain terms 
 and condinons to be agreed upon for the mutual benefit of himfelf and the 
 Englifh Eaft India Company, without infringing the rights of- Mahommed 
 Aly Cawn^ Nabob of the Carnatic -f. 
 
 " As 
 
 J The Direflors who f:gned the Orders fall here into an abfurdity. General principles cun only 
 govern, where there are no pojiti-ve or /pecif: orders ; a contrary pofition would be fubverfive of all 
 government ; and indeed is, in itfelf, io ridiculous and abfurd, that it was never adopted by any 
 Hate or fociety whatever. It remained Jbr the Direftors of the 12th of April 1775, to hold forth 
 to the world this ftrange pofition," Our fervants have incurred our di/fleafure, far obeying our 
 
 POSITIVE ORDERS. 
 
 • The anxiety here exprefTed, by the Direflors, for the proteftion of the perfon of Tuijagee, 
 is fuperfiuous. He was in perfeiJl fafety in his own palace, and fcarce more confined, than when 
 he fat (as it is here intelligently exprefTed) on the throne cf his ancejlors. The palace of Tanjore is 
 very large, wi.h gardens of pleafure fo cxienfive, that the wall, which furrounds both, is little 
 ihort of a mile in circumference. Hete Tuijagee ranged at pleafure, with his family^ women, 
 relations and friends. Not a perfon belonging; to the Nabob, lived within the ga;es ; and thofe 
 who were without, aSled entirely as his fer'vants. The palace was a perpetual fceiie of fe'tivity and 
 joy; dancing, piping, and every fign and demonftr.ition of happinefs. Women were_ brought to 
 him from every corner of India, as when he fat on the Mufnud; and, indeed, Tu'jagee had the 
 candour to own to Lord Pigot himfelf, that he never lived more happily than Cnce his country fell 
 into the hands of the Nabob. 
 
 f Ignorance cannot poflibly be admitted as an excufe for the abfurdity of this injunftion. Ths 
 
 • B 2 Direaors
 
 [ 4 ] 
 
 *' As OLir faith (lands pledged by the Treaty of 1762, to obtain payment 
 of the King of Tanjore's tribute to the faid Nabob of the Carnatic, as it ;iy- 
 our intereftand fincere defire to maintain the public tranquillity, and as we 
 find, to our great concern, that other Europeans have obtained undue in-- 
 jluence in 'Tanjcre, which if permitted and encouraged may operate unfavour- 
 ably for the Company, render it difficult to perform the part of guarantee to 
 the faid Treaty, and even tend to endaiiger the peace of the country.; we 
 therefore direct, that you declare to the King of Tanjore, that as we have- 
 no fecuruy for the performance of any engagements which may be entered 
 into by him, and as in times paft the payment of the tribute has been evaded 
 or delayed, and feveral of his diftrids mortgaged to Europeans., contrary 
 to the iitterefis of the Company ij;, we ihall infift upon his admitting a garrifon 
 of our troops into the Fort of Tanjore, not only to infure the regular pay- 
 ment of the Nabob's jufl demand in future, but alfo to enable us effedually 
 to watch the motions, and to counterafl the views, of any European or 
 Country power, who may attempt to form connecSlions, or make eftablifli- 
 ments, in Tanjore, to our' prejudice ; and you are likewile to infift upon 
 having an affignment of revenues made to the Company, fufficient for the 
 maintenance of the faid troops, and for providing military {lores necefl"ary 
 for the defence of the garrifon. 
 
 " You are however, in our name, to afiure the King of Tanjore, that no 
 diminution of his authority over his fubjeds is intended by us, and that we 
 
 Direftors defire Lord Pigot not to infringe the rights of the Nabob; yet they, v/ith one dafh of the 
 pen, give away his dominions and conquefts, obtained in a neceflary and regular war. 
 
 t It appear?, from this paragraph^ that the authors of the Orders deliberately, and with their eyes 
 open, do great injudice to an ally of Great Britain. They declare themfelves no (Irangers to the 
 hollile conduit of the Raja ; they own, that other Europeans had obtained undue infiuer.ce over his 
 counfels; that this circumdance tended to endanger the peace of the country, and that they had 
 no fecurity for the performance of his engagements ; that he had evaded the payment of the tri- 
 bJte, and had mortgaged feveral of his dillrifts to Europeans. This and much more the R;ija did ; 
 yet they rejlore him to power, and throw into his hands the means of working the delhuf^ion of 
 the Company. By what rule or line of policy can this be accounted for ? How can men, entruiled 
 by their conftitucnts to manage their affairs, thus deliberately deflroy the interell they were meant 
 to proteft ? By their mifconduO, they have endangered the valuable trade and great rofoiirces of 
 this country on thccoaft; and have thus given a fatal flab to the Company. One might be 
 tempted to aik, are fuch men fit to difpofe of kingdom.', and to govern empires ; or is it prudent 
 in the State, to fuffer the great intercll of the nation to be facrificcd to influence, or loll by igno- 
 lance. 
 
 xili
 
 [ 5 J 
 
 will feverely punifli every military officer, or Compan)'s fervant, vvlio fnall 
 in any refped interfere in the affairs of his government ; and you are to 
 take efpecial care that this article be punctually fulfilled on the part of the 
 Company. 
 
 " Although juftice to our own honour, and to the King of Tanjore, 
 compels us to take meafurcs for delivering him out of the liands of the Na- 
 bob of the Carnatic, you are neverthelcfs to declare publicly, in our name, 
 that we will by no means protedl the King of Tanjore in with-holding from 
 Mahommed Aly Cav^^n his ftipulated tribute of four lacks of rupees per 
 annum^ or any part of it \ but that on the contrary we will do our utmoft to 
 procure payment thereof to the faid Nabob. 
 
 " We direeT:, that in cafe the King of Tanjore (hall not be living at the 
 time of your rece pt hereof at Fort St. George, you forthwith proceed to 
 place the next of the royal line, or fome other proper perfon of the Kin^ of 
 Tanjorc's family, upon the throne of his anceftors, fubjecSt however to all 
 terms and conditions required by the Company, refpecling Tanjore, in thefe 
 our orders and inftrucliojis *. 
 
 " If any of cur fervants, civil or military, /liall oppofe the execution of 
 thtfe our orders and inftrudions, orrefufe to affifl- in carrying them into full 
 effedt, we hereby declare, that upon proper reprefentation of the cafe to us, 
 every fuch perfon fnall be abfolutely difmiffed from the fervice of the Com- 
 pany. 
 
 " And in order to add the greateft weight in our pov/er to our proceed- 
 ings, and to infure, as far as may be, fuccefs to your meafures, we have di- 
 reded our Governor-general and Council of Bengal to co-operate with you,, 
 if you fhall find it neceffary, and to yield you all proper afllftance in bring- 
 
 • Upon this paragraph fcveral remarks might be made. There is " more than meets the 
 " ear meant ;" by thefe words, " in cafe the King of Tanjore fhall not be living." To facilitate 
 »he Orders, reports were propagated, " that the Raja's life was in danger.'' — This was a falfehood» 
 He was faid to have been " removed to Trichinopoly :" — This was alfo an impudent fiiSion. 
 Men, who ought to be (and aftually were)^better informed, faid, he was " kept a clofe pri- 
 " foner ;" — this was a purpofely fabricated calumny. He is here called a king, yet he is the 
 great-grandfon of a Maratto Freebooter, who, by a piece of unheard-of treachery, feized Tan- 
 jore, when he was called to defend it, 
 
 ing
 
 [ -6 ] 
 
 ing the important affairs hereby committed to your management to a fpeedy 
 
 and'hippy CQUcIufion f . 
 
 I have the honour to be 
 
 Your Highncfs's mofl obliged, 
 
 Fort St, George, and obedient humble fervant, 
 
 *oih Deccmb.r, 1775. 
 
 P I G O T." 
 
 The Orders contained in the preceding letter have been already expofed 
 as unjuft, inexpedient, and impolitic, in the State of FaHs, now in the hands 
 of the Public. The Raja of Tanjore is ignorantly called King of that 
 pTace, though it is known that his snceftors were originally uiurpers and 
 always vaffals. It is the cultom of illiterate and ill-informed perfons in 
 both the Indies, to call Chiefs, by the name of Kings. The negro in Mada- 
 safcar who proftitutes his daughter for a glafs of arrack to the Midfhipman 
 of an Edft India-man •, and the favage Cherokee, who fells a bearfkin co the 
 North American trader for half a blanket, are dignified with royal titles. 
 Thus we hear of ihe Jianding turkey king, on the confines of Virginia; 
 and thus, of the kings of Johanna and Tanjore. 
 
 Upon the ground of expedience, a thoufand arguments might be pro- 
 duced, againft the meafure of reftoring Tanjore to the Raja. That pro- 
 vince is one of the moft fertile and opulent countries in the Decan. When 
 it remained in the hands of the Raja, the Dutch, as well as the French and 
 Danes, were enabled to provide more confiderable inveftments in the fouthern 
 countries, than the Englifh Company. But, fhould the French poflefs them* 
 felves of the country (a circumftance fcarce to be doubted, fhould it happen 
 to be reftored to the Raja), they will derive from it great refources for war, 
 and be enabled to interfcft the Nabob's dominions, and fo cut off the com- 
 munication between the fouthern provinces and our principal force in the 
 Carnatic. Trichinopoly, Madura, Tinnevelly, the countries of the great 
 and little Marawar, would, in fuch cafe, inevitably fall into their hands ; 
 befi-les, they v/oukl have it in their power to (larve Madras, by flopping thq 
 exportation of grain, from 'i rimili Wafli, and other fea-ports of Tanjore*. 
 
 •f- There is a iubcme/ttjjncerity in thefe 0:dcis, a ftrength 0^ imjli, if net oi exprtJJioH, wliich 
 flicws, thnt the labourer is worthy of his hire; only one per/on is meant, et •verbum /at /apienti. 
 We may fay to the refl, in the language of holy writ, " they kneitj not what they did."' 
 
 * Should Taiijore remain in the hands of the Nabob, it woiil.l be imponible for any European 
 enemy to march fix miles from the coall, for want of coolies and bealls of burden. 
 
 On
 
 [ 7 ] 
 
 On the other hand, fliould the country remain in the poffeffion of the 
 Nabob, the inveftments of the Company might be increafed ; the refources 
 of Tanjore, inftead of ftrengthening tlie enemies of the Nabob, would 
 provide the means of aiding his friends with fuccefs ; our territory, and con- 
 fequently our commerce, would extend from the Ganges to Cape Comorin j 
 the fea on the one fide, tlie weftern mountains on the other, would form a 
 double barrier for our protection ; and tlie Nabob, by the addition made to 
 his revenue, would be able to entertain a body of horfe, to fecure the country 
 from the depredatory incurfions of the Marattoes. 
 
 The orders given to Lord Pigor, for the refloration of Tuljagee, were 
 in every light founded on falfe as well as unjuft principles. They take it for 
 granted, that Tuljagee is the hereditary fovereign and proprietor of Tanjore. 
 Bui it is demonllrable, that his firft anceflor was an ufurper, and tlie whole 
 line vaflals. Pertaub Sing, the father of the prefent Raja, a baftard of the 
 line of the firft ufurper, was himfelf, in confequence of his mifdemeanors, 
 as a vafTal of the empire, depofed and confined by his feudal lord, the Nabob 
 of the Carnatic. During his confinement he received only half a crown a 
 day for his fubfiftence-, and few, who knew the charadter of the man^ 
 thought the allowance too fmall. 
 
 ■ o 
 
 The orders afe unjuft, becaufe the Nabob had an inherent right in himfelf, 
 as Subahdar of the Carnatic, to difpofl"efs his vafi"al, the Zemindar of Tan- 
 jore, when he failed in his obedience. But, if the Nabob's right of difpof- 
 feffing is inherent in his office, what right has the Company to reftore his 
 feuda'.ory, without his confent ? Is not the territory his own ? Have we 
 any right or claim to his dominions ? Should it even be allowed, that the Com- 
 pany, or rather a few Direftors, may with impunity encroach on the authority 
 of Mihommed All, have they a right to break through every tie that binds 
 ftatcs and corporate bodies ? Did not their Governor and Council, in tlie 
 moll folemn manner, deliver over to the Nabob, the fort and country of Tan- 
 jore, on certain ftipulations and conditions ? Has the Nabob broke any 
 part of the treaty, to juftify a breach on the Company's fide ? Has not the 
 government of this kmgdom, in the perlbn of the King's reprefentatlve, 
 given its fandlion. to the conqueft ? And does the Company prefume to 
 abroeace the deed of the nation ? 
 
 'O 
 
 7 The
 
 C 8 ] 
 
 The orders are incompatible with every idea of juftice, on other grounds. 
 An expedition is undertaken, and a conqueft completed, with the aid and 
 fanftion of the Company and of the State. This expedition, and this con- 
 queft, were carried on and finiflied, at the fole expence of the Nabob, That 
 expence was enormous: Prize money to the army, donations to the principal 
 fervantE, a voluntary gift of 400,000/. to the Company, a fum nearly equal 
 to redeem, from the Dutch and Danes, the diftrifts, which Tuljagee had 
 cither mortgaged or fold to thofe nations ; together with immenfe fums laid 
 out in improving the country, in fupplying with feed and bullocks the 
 farmers, impoverifhed by the rapacious cruelty of Tuljagee, and on the 
 fortifications of Tanjore, by the exprefs advice of the prefidency, and undtr 
 the infpeftion of one of the Company's Engineers J. 
 
 But, if the Company chufe to be unjuft to the Nabob, is it confiftent 
 with common prudence, to be unjuft to themfelves .? If the Nabob muft 
 be difpoflefted of Tanjore, has he not an undoubted claim in equity, if not 
 in law, to have the fums he has expended on the conqueft, refunded ? Is 
 it a trifling confideration to the proprietors, to lofe the free gift of 400,000/. 
 Is it a matter of no confequence to be deprived of the pay of three batta- 
 lions of Sepoys, from the year 1769, to the reftoration of Tanjore, in terms 
 of the Treaty ? Did not the Nabob agree to maintain ten inftead of fcven 
 battalions ; and did he not engage to raife a body of horfe, fo neceflary for 
 the defence of our pofleffions ? The Company have truly carried their ge- 
 nerofity to Tuljagee, their avowed enemy, to a pitch beyond example. 
 They not only break treaties, but either forego or fquander treafures, to 
 <rratify a profligate young man, who will ufe his good fortune, only as the 
 means of purfuing with more eafe his own aboaiinable vices. 
 
 J Nothing co'jI! equal the diflrefs of the cointry during the government of Tuljagee. No 
 ir.anS property was f.ife, no woman's chaflity fccure. The wretched inhabitant?, reduced to po- 
 verty by hii iinhcarc*-of extortions, yiW their chilJien for a rupee a head. The French and 
 ])utch, availing themfelves of that circumfiance, carried this fpecies of commerce to fuch a he ight, 
 thr.t the Nabob, after he had taken po.Teffion of the country, was obliged to put a iXop to the 
 txporlaiicn of cjiildren by an tdiil ; and to alleviaie the dillrcfles, which h.id forced parents to 
 become the fellers of their own ofi-spring, that humane prince pl.icd a numl-er of ptrfons, in 
 <!very d ftriQ. to boil and diflributc-rice to the ['.sr, Thcfe are fails of public notoriety ; and 
 Hand in need of no proofs.
 
 [ 9 \ 
 
 The orders are as contrary to true policy, as they are deftitute of common 
 juftice. We deprive apower, v7hore fidelity we have long trred^ whofe at- 
 tachment we have long experienced, of a rich country. We reftore it to 
 another, who has been uniformly treacherous and hoftile. The former is, 
 from habit and inclination, our friend. The latter from early prejudices, as 
 well as on account of recent injuries, our enemy. The ojie has added the 
 affeflion of his father, to his own regard, for the Englifh intereft ; the other 
 has joined an hereditary averfign to his own particular refentment. Bile 
 granting that the Raja may wifli to be grateful to the Company, will not 
 common prudence teach him to pgt no truft in Britilh faith? Can a newly 
 acquired ally place any conlidence in our treaties, after we have broken all 
 .the public and private ties .which bound us to an old apd faithful friend ? 
 
 Men who wifh to cover injuftice with an excufe of expediency, Jiavc 
 charged the Nabob with anibition, and a defign of emancipating himfelf 
 from the controul of the Company. The injuftice of the Company 
 has not been able to fuggefl: a wifh of that kind to his injured 
 mind. But he inay defy the moll inveterate of his enemies to produce a 
 fingle inftance of fuch a wifli. But fliould he entertain any defign of that 
 kind, how is it pofTible for him to execute it ? Are not his forts garrifoned 
 with our troops ? His army commanded by .our officers ? Is not his country 
 open to our invafion ? His perfon always in our power ? Is not. he himfelf, 
 are not his children, his family, his fervants, undei- the very guns of fort St. 
 George? This filly calumny of independence has been fabricated by fome 
 of the Company's fervants, who were jealous of the Nabob's correfpondence 
 with Government. But had he met with juftice from the Company, he 
 would not now ftand in need of the protedion of the fovereign, and the 
 juftice of the nation, for fecuring his rights and eftablifljing his authority. 
 
 To fliew the injuftic€ of iiifinuating in the orders, that the Raja's perfon 
 WAS in danger,, the following J^jter from the Nabob's military governor at 
 iXianjore is fubmicted to the re^de'". 
 
 J'ranjlation
 
 [ 10 ] 
 
 ^ravjlation of a Letter from Mahomed Nagif Cawn, dated \fi Ju>mnaudalouwell 
 1 1 89 Hegira, received on the 4.th. 
 
 T Have received the favour of your Highnefs's gracious letter dated the 29ih 
 Rabbafauney, wherein your Highnefs is pleafed to mention, that your 
 enemies report that the Raja Tuljagee and his wife killed themfeh'es ; and 
 that I fhould particularly inform your Highnefs of the prefent fituation of 
 the Raja, and all his family. 
 
 I am aftonilhed at what your Highnefs mentions. This flory was made 
 by people who wanted fomething to talk about, and difturbers who invent 
 lies ; no fuch thing has happened in the Raja's family fince the reduftion of 
 Tanjore, to give rife to any fuch report as difturbers have propagated: 
 however, by the biefling of God and your Highnefs's favour, the Raja, his 
 mother, his father's other widow, his own two wives, his younger brother, 
 his daughter and bis fonf, are all in good health and fpirits, befides his relar 
 tions flaves both men and women, and his attendants, who are in houfe, are 
 all very well. Of all the people who have been from the beginning in the 
 Raja's houfe, there has but one died, who was a relation and above eighty 
 years old ; he was carried off four or five months ago, by a tedious fick- 
 nefs. This I informed your Highnefs of at the time it happened ; ail the 
 other people are in good health and fpirits, and Tuljagee often exprefles his 
 thanks to your Highnefs, and his fatisfadion in his manner of living^.. 
 The Circar people who are at his gates, a6t entirely as his. fervants, except 
 in taking care of the gates according to my order. 
 
 Lord Pigot had arrived in the beginning of December; and received 
 a fervice of gold plate, horfes, carriages, and other prefents, from the 
 Nabob. Finding nothing mere could be done at IMadras, he bethought himfelf 
 of the Company's orders, and refolved to make a journey to Tanjore. Yer, 
 as things were not fujficiently prepared for his reception at Tanjore, he did 
 not fet out for that place till the beginning of April. The intermediate 
 time, from December 1775 till April 1776, being/(?«r months^ he employed 
 in conferences and correfpondences with the Nabob. 
 
 •)■ By concubines. 
 
 Travjlation
 
 [ " 3 
 
 TranJIation of a Conference helween his Highnefs the Nabob and Lord Pigot. 
 
 O 
 
 |N the 19th Zucaud 1189 Hegiry, or 12th January 1776, his Lordfhip 
 came to his Highnefs, and told him, that he could not exprefs to his 
 Highnefs how much his (his Lordfhip) honour was hurt by the delay 
 in his bufinefs, and that he would wait on his Highnefs to-morrov; morning, 
 to afk a fingle queftion from him, and was then going to take his leave, 
 and went away. — His Lordfhip flood for fome time in the Nabob's garden 
 ■with Omdaht-ul-Omrah, Ameer-ul-Omrah, and Syful Mulk Behawders, and 
 told them, that he never fufTered fo much difgrace in his vviiole life ; tliat 
 he was a man of family^ and had/n>«^J and money ; that it was not necefTary 
 to him to return to this country, and to take fo much bufinefs pn himfelf, 
 with any view of advantage to himfelf, but that he came here in friendfhip 
 to the Nabob; that the Nabob would not yet give him up the Fort of 
 Tanjore, but that he would aflc him to-morrow morning, whether he, his 
 Lordfhip, mufl go to Tanjore in order to place an Englilh garrifon there, or 
 fhouid fend Sir Robert Fletcher, or any other councellor, that his High- 
 nefs might approve of. His Lordfhip further faid, that the bufineH of the 
 country was but trifling and might be fettled afterwards ; and that he would 
 never fet his name to a letter to the Company, till he could mention that this 
 bufinefs was fettled ; but that the Council might write that he was gone to 
 Tanjore for that purpofe. That he would to-morrow morring go into his 
 Pallenkeen, and fet off for Tanjore, and there declare, that the fame troops 
 belonging to his Maflers, who took the Fort of Tanjore and delivered it to 
 the Nabob, now want the pofTefTion of the Fort again ; and that he would 
 fee whether the Nabob's troops would fire on him or not ; that he hoped to 
 God that the day would never come, when he fhouid be obliged to fend for 
 the Company's troops from the feaports and the Circars, to take the Fort 
 by force ; that this bufinefs mufl be fettled before the departure of the Eu- 
 rope Ihip ; and that he would fooner be hanged or have his head cut cff^ 
 than give up his honour. Seyful Mulk on hearing this expreflion turned fo 
 pale, that his Lordfliip exprcficd words of comfort to him. 
 
 C 2 The
 
 I 12 ] 
 
 The harfh treatment received by the Nabob, from Lord Pigot, in the 
 preceding conference, had throwQ t-he unfortunate pnnce ini:o a feVere'ill- 
 nefs. His fons were, therefore, appointed to confer with his Lordfhip. 
 
 'Tranjlation of a conference letween 'Omdaht-ul-Omrahy Afkeer-ul-Omrah Bebaw- 
 ckrs, and Lord' Pi^o^, 2^th Zucaud ii^^ Hepry^.cr i6th January iT]^> 
 
 |^MbAHT-uL-C^ikRAl4, aA;d 'Atoeerv'Ol^ went this morrfirig to Lord 
 
 Pigot, who Ht'as WaitTh'g it "his 'garden gate t6 feceive'them ; wli'en hd 
 faw them, he advanced towards them cryirig. They were fCirprifed, and 
 enquired after his health ; he told them, that he did not fleep a moment I'af^ 
 nicrht, becaufe biifincfs' goes on worfe and wbrfe, and that hts argurn'ents 
 were of no coniequence ; that 'the 'Kab'obSvis become an enemy to the 
 Company, 'and 'that the friendfliip between him and h'is Lordfhip was bfokeri 
 from this day. They afked him how he could fay fo, that his Highnefq 
 would o-ive up his life, fortune, family, and all his countries to the Com- 
 •^any, but would by no means become tHeireheriiy. Wis Lordfhip faid, 
 that the NalsoS WOuW hot cJofnply with ttie Company's order. Theyolj- 
 ferved, that theargumfents bistw^en his Lordfliip and his Highnefs had'beehi 
 upon bufinefs, and as his Lordfliip had exprefTed his fentiments, it was 
 proper his Highnefs fh'ould do the fame, therefore his Lordfhip fliould 
 not fay that his Highnefs was become an enemy to the Corhpany. Lord 
 Picot faid, the Compafiy do not wifh to have all the countries, but only 
 wifh to fettle this bu'fftiefs. 'iTiey then, went itito the garden houle, where his 
 Lordfhip cried very much, and would hot fpeak or fit down for an Hour, 
 and could not (hew his face. His Lordfnip produced a paper, a copy of 
 which he fent to his Highnefs by Omdaht-ul-Omrah, that his Highnefs 
 micrht copy it, and fend it to hifiv. His Lordfhip read ic and cried, and 
 they comforted hihi arid puftheir hands On hls'feet, defiring (for God's fake) 
 that his Lordfliip would be fo good as to pufoff this bufinefs till he re- 
 ceived furdier orders from England, and that in the mean time he might 
 put an Englifn garrifon in Tanjorc, and that his Highnefs would ir>creafe 
 the Raja's allowances, and v/heh he fliould be nTOfe -fully convinced of the 
 deter;nination of the Company and his Lordfiiip, he would comply with 
 them. That enforcing this bufinefs with his Highnefs, was as bad to hina 
 
 as
 
 L iJ ] 
 
 as cutting his throat! Lord PIgot faid he co'jM not wait, and that hb cry- 
 ing was for this, that after he flionld be oWig-d to fettle thi,", ■"ninsfs hy 
 force, how could he look ih the face of hi<^ old father, Treanir,. his High- 
 nefs, and that this was thelaft day he would come to the garde::, but would 
 Itay in the forf, that he wouldrfmain all this day art 'he garden, and wox'ld 
 not even go to his dinner. He frequently faid, that he h.d ruined hin-felf ; 
 lie exclaimed, why did he come upon this bufinefs ? Th .t if he had not come 
 upon this bufinefs, the fall of the houie would not have happened : That 
 when this bufinefs was finiihed he was fure the Nabob would n.-.t furvive it : 
 That the fin and great trouble would be upon him. Why did he come 
 here ? If he had not made a proper peace between the Nabob and the Raja, 
 Ire would not have been brought into this trouble ; but that forne vi^fcds had, 
 fince his departure for Europe, broke that peace. Omdaht-ul Omrah and 
 Ameer-ul Omrah then came away. 
 
 Tn abaut an hour after, they returned to his Lordfhip -, he faid then, that 
 he was a little better; that when his mind was overwhelmed wirh forrovv, he 
 found relief in fliedding tears ; that he would now converfe : That there. 
 were feverai rafcals and difturbers about the Nabob who gave him bad advice: 
 That the Nabob fhould (through his favour to him) never liften to their ad- 
 vice: That he had not flopped any gentleman from going to the Nabob, 
 but had told him, that whoever he thought proper might go to him, and 
 cive him advice: That he had done lo, that his Highnefs might be aflured, 
 that he (his Lordfhip) was firmly determined in this bufinefs, and that he 
 might fee that it was fo ; That it would be better if his Highnefs did 
 not liften to their advice, and that if he would permit him, he would pre- 
 vent their c-oing to him : His Lordfliip further faid, if this bufinefs fhould 
 be carried into execution by dilagreeable meafures, it would n3t be then in- 
 his power to fhew any fricndfhip to the Nabob : That people would fay, 
 where was the advantage offending Lord Pigot on this bufinefs? Any man 
 might do it by force, then what extraordinary gcod has Lord Figot done ? 
 U the Company and the Nabob keep up fuch a large body of troops, what 
 will be the confequence ? They cannot pay them," therefore 'tis proper that 
 they fliould reduce them, and regulate their bufinefs. They will then at- 
 tend to their affairs, and they Uiould eftablifh a treafury, they will then be 
 
 ready
 
 [ 14 1 
 
 ready to undertake any thing that may be necelTary ; there willbe no harm 
 if matters fhould not be condufted to the Nabob's fatisfadion for two years, 
 as after that time his affairs would be in a good fituation. His Lordlhip 
 further faid, that he was not acquainted with Mr. Haftings, though he had 
 been twice in his company at Mr. Vanfittart's houfe, and once in his com- 
 pany in England; that he had heard he had feveral fuch rafcals about him 
 as Mr. Stewart, who is here now, and that he liftened to their advice: That 
 General Clavering was a very good and honeft man, and though General 
 Monfon was an enemy to the Company, he was a brave officer, and a man of 
 fenfe : That he (his Lordfhip) did not know in what manner bufinefs would 
 be fettled in England, and that his Highnefs fliould not place any confi- 
 dence in rafcals, or give any money to them, as it could be of no fervice to 
 him. Omdaht-ul-Omrah and Ameer-ul Omrah told his Lordfhip, that 
 on feeing his weeping and afHiiftion, they had gone to his Highnefs, but 
 could not fee him as he was ill ; that they had heard that his Highnefs was 
 laid down, therefore they would fit down and converfe with his Lordfhip, 
 and would this evening or to-morrow morning again fee him in the Com- 
 pany's garden. His Lordfhip replied, perhaps he might not have time to- 
 morrow morning, as he would be employed at the SefTions ; they faid, they 
 would then fee him the day after to-morrow; but his Lordfhip faid, he would 
 come to-monow morning to the garden. They then took their leave, and 
 his Lordfliip fent his refpeftful compliments to his Highnefs. 
 
 The Nabob being a little recovered from his illnefs, wrote the following 
 letter to Lord Pigot ; hoping, perhaps, from the profufion of his Lord- 
 fhip's tears, at the conference of the i6th, that he would relent, and liflen 
 to his propofals, as well as have fame regard to his rights. Tlic letter is an 
 anfwer to that of his Lordfhip of December 30 1775. 
 
 Tranjlation of a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob, to the Right Honourable 
 George Lord Pigct, ^c ^c. dated zgth Zecaud, or zid January, 1776. 
 
 T Have received your Lordfliip's letter, containing an extrafl of the Com- 
 pany's ortlcr to you relative to Tarjore. I am convinced that the Gentle- 
 nien of the Company were entirely unacquainted with the fituation of affairs 
 
 hcrCj
 
 [ 15 I 
 
 here*, and with the true reafons for taking Tanjore, as alfo with my rights, 
 when they wrote fuch orders as they now have, and have been influenced by 
 falfe and groundlefs reports, or they would not have given them. 
 
 I underftand that it has been reprefented to the people of England, that I 
 have taken Tanjore through ambitious motives, and that I and my fon treated 
 in an oppredlve manner Tuljagee and his family f , As you are a well-v/ifher 
 to the Company, and my old friend, and are come here on their part, I beg 
 that your Lordfhip will make (Irifl inquiry into the truth of fuch reports as 
 prevailed in England. As the Gentlemen of the Company are not acquainted 
 with the true fl:ate of affairs, it is necefldry that I fliould mention fome things 
 for their information. 
 
 Being fenfible of the bad condud of Tuljagee, his connedions with the 
 French, Dutch, Danes, Hyder, and other Powers, his felling and mortgag- 
 ing fome diftrids of the Tanjore country to other Europeans than the Eng- 
 ]i(h, and receiving affidance from them in troops, military ftores, &c. his 
 fending large fums of money, and an AmbaiTador to the Marratta Chiefs, 
 to induce them to bring their troops to make difturbances in the Carnatic 
 and to deftroy the country, his making ufe of perfuafions with other Powers 
 to engage them in the fame meafures-, his having affifted Hyder with money, 
 provifions and other things which he ftood in need of, in his invafion of the 
 Carnatic; his making an expedition againft the Marawars and Mallacotty, 
 which are my tributaries, and taking from them great fums of money, jewels, 
 horfes, elephants, guns, &c. though the Governor and Council and I forbid 
 him this proceeding •, and his not paying him tribute, which the Company ob- 
 ferved in their orders he had delayed. In order to fecure the tranquillity of 
 the Carnatic, I thoughtit necefliiry to explain the matters full to your former 
 Governors. 
 
 •■ This is the moll favourable conftraftion he could put upon the abfurd Orders of ihe Court 
 ©rDireflors; if indeed they were a eourt when they figned them. This is a matter which a 
 court of lanv can only decide, Ttiey were certamly not entireljf unacquainted \\iOn the fituation 
 of the Carnatic. The reader is requefted to lookback to page 4, where thii fabjed is fully 
 difculTed. 
 
 -j- Thcfe roifreprefertailons are now removed by fafls. 
 
 * From
 
 [ I6 ] 
 
 From the beginning of my connexion with the Company, my bufinefs 
 has been condudled (as it is at prefent) by the approba:ion of tlie Governor 
 and Council, and I have always confidered the Governor and Council as the 
 Company. Governor Da Pre hijnfclf, who was deputy to Tanjore in the 
 year 1762, to make a peace and fettle matters ; who afterwards went to Eng- 
 land, was appointed a Djredor there, and came here as Governor of Fort 
 St. George, was well acquainted with the fentiments of the Company. He 
 as well as the Gentlemen of the Company (as appears by their letter to me, 
 dated the 17th March 1769, mentioning their truft and confidence in the 
 wifdom of Mr. Du Pre, whofe conduiSt was approved by them on.his retura 
 to England) thought the behaviour of Tuljagee in the year 1771, contrary to 
 the treaty made in 1762, and to the interefts and honour of the Company 
 and me •, and fubverfive of the peace and tranquillity of the Carnatic, and 
 the Company's pofieffions and commerce; and employed their troops (b/ 
 the advice of Governor-general Hifting% who was then fecond in Council 
 at Fort St. George, and the other Counfellors and the King's Minilters) 
 with mine to take the fort and country of Tanjore; and to put them into 
 mv hands. In Mr. Du Pre's letter, dated the 15th Jemaudefanny 1185 
 ■Hegira, or 25th September 1771, he acquainted me with the Cornpany's 
 order for giving me afllftance. A copy of our conefpondence on this fub- 
 jeft has been fent to the Court of Direflors. At that time Tuljagee fubmit- 
 ted to me, and agreed to difcharge the tribute, and adt in a different 
 manner from what he had formerly done. For the performance of which, 
 he gave an obligation under his fcal ; and in confequence I recalled my 
 troops from that country, though I might then have got poffellion of the 
 fort of Tanjore, and it was then the real wifli of the Governor and Council 
 that I fliould do fo ; but he did not attend many days to his promifcs and 
 fubmifTion, but refumed his former bad conduft. On the return of the 
 Company's and my troops to Trichinopoly, when peace was concluded on 
 the 17th Rajeb 1185 Hegira, he prevailed on Trimuekrow (who was at 
 ;tliat time in the command of forty thoufand horfc in the Hyder's country) 
 by giving him large fums of money, to fend twenty thoufand of them to 
 his aBiftance; in conRqucnce whereof, on th? .5th Shawban Trimuekrow 
 crofled the Gaucs, and his troops plundered my country as. far as Callefpawk, 
 but I prevailed on them to retire, on giving them a great deal of money; 
 rbcfudes this, Tuljagee applied to the Dutch for their afTillance, and they gave 
 2 it
 
 C 17 ] 
 
 tt in the ftrongeft manner, as may. appear by the letter of the Governor 
 General of Batavia to me, dated the 26th July 1771, regarding his giving 
 affiftance to Tiiljagee. Tuljagee's bad condufl 1 have mentioned to your 
 late governor IVir. Wynch, in my letter of the 18th of June 1773, or 26th 
 Rabbelowell 1187 Hegira. He, General Smith, and all the Council 
 thought it very proper and neceflfary, to take poflefiion of his country, and 
 fent the Company's troops with mine a fecond time againil him ; .and by 
 the blelTing of God-, the Fort and country fell into my hands; but I conti- 
 nued Tuljagee and all his family ia his Palace in the Fort, and ordered honour 
 and refpeft to be obferved to them as before ; there is not the lead altera- 
 tion in his table, nor amongfl: his family. It is due to the reduftion of 
 this place, that all interior difturbances in my country (recommended to my 
 attention by the Company's letter of the 4th of March 1767) are at an end, 
 according to their wiflies. Had it not been for the capture of Tanjore, we 
 cannot fay what troubles might not have fince prevailed in the country, 
 becaufe Tanjore is fo fuuated in the middle of my country, that it cannot 
 be attacked by an enemy, without their firfl; pafTin^ through my country. 
 It is now five years fince Governor Du Pre gave orders to take the Fort of 
 Tanjore, and employed the Company's troops for that purpofe ; and. it is 
 near three years that Tanjore has been taken, as has been already known 
 to the Company at home ; but they have hen fdent on the jiibjeSl *. I have 
 paid large fums of money to the Europeans of other nations, which they 
 demanded from Tuljagee, for the releafe of fome diftrias which he had fold 
 to them ; befides, I paid confiderable fums which he owed to individuals, 
 and to his army, as alfo the expence of the Company's army and mine ; and 
 I have prevented the Marrattas from coming into this country, by buying 
 them off with a large fum of money. 
 
 I have borrowed confiderable fums from Englifh gentlemen, who lent 
 them to promote the capture of Tanjore. I have, befrdes, borrowecj from 
 the people of the country large fums of money, which I expended in im- 
 proving it, in repairing the water-courfes, the mounds, and the fortifications, 
 which- lafl was done by Major Stephens, a Company's engineer. "I have 
 made great advances to the inhabitants, towards buying bullocks and feed 
 
 * This filence certainly implied the cmije approbation of the nieafure. 
 
 D 
 
 gram ;
 
 [ i8 ] 
 
 grain •, and I have borrowed Paddy feed from the country people, &c. and 
 given i| to the inhabitants, which has made the Tanjore country flourilh 
 more than in Tuljagee's timf. I have confented to paying three additional 
 battalions out of the revenues of the Tanjore country, which I was not be- 
 fore able to do, and the balance on their account, being two lacks fixty odd 
 thoufand pagodas, I agreed to pay out of the revenues of the Tanjore coun- 
 try only. I have paid confiderable prize-money to the army for their trouble 
 and fati'nie, and other expences for provifions, &c. and for the Zemindars 
 and Collarics, who came to my aflill.ince in great numbers. Was I to write 
 all the expences attending thefe two expeditions, this paper would not con- 
 tain them. Very large fums have been expended in this bufinefs. It fur- 
 ■ prifesand afton.fhes me, that the Company Ihould, after five years, give you 
 this order. My forrow and concern on readmg the Company's order are in- 
 expreflible -, becaufe, carrying it into execution would not only be prejudi- 
 cial to the honour and rights of me and my family, but alfo to the honour, 
 juftice, and interefts of the Company and the Englifli nation, and the tran- 
 quillity of the Carnatic. His Majefly, the King of Great Britain, wrote mc 
 a letter of congratulation, in which he mentions, that my troops and the 
 Company's have been fuccefsful, which letter his Majefty's plenipotentiary 
 publicly read in my Durbar, in the prefence of all my people, and the Va- 
 queels of the neighbouring powers *. The king of Delhi f, and all the Hin- 
 doftan and European powers, being convinced of my rights, fent me letters 
 of congratulation. Could I fuppofe that the Gentlemen of the Company 
 could now difapprove of what they had before approved of. Now, on de- 
 liverincT up Tanjore, what will every body fay ? Befides, how can I provide 
 for tlie payment of my creditors, who lent their money, depending upon my 
 honour, and which I was obliged to borrow from them, to carry on the be- 
 fore-mentioned bufinefs ? Their money depends upon me, and my depend- 
 ence is on the revenues of the Tanjore country. The gentlemen of the 
 Company have frequently written to me in favour of my creditors. You 
 and yOLir council are men of juftice and wifdom, and well acquainted with 
 bufinefs, you yourfelves will pleafe to judge herein. The Gentlemen of 
 
 * His Majedy's woids weie, " It gave us fatlsfadion to hear, that the Governor and Coun- 
 " cil of Madras had fent the Company's troops with yours to reduce your tribuury the Raji of 
 " lanjore to obedience ; in which we hope, by the bUJpng of Gad, they will be fuccefsful." 
 
 f Sliah AUuni, the preftnt Mogul emperor. 
 
 the
 
 [ ^9 ] 
 
 the Company mention in their order, that they are guarantees to the treaty 
 of 1762, whiih treaty, fo guaranteed, was with Pertaub Sing only^. Even 
 Pertaub Sing, by his bad condudl) as appears by a letter of his in my pqC- 
 fefiion), did not merit the protection of the faid guarantee. His promoting 
 difturbances I have already mentioned to you, as alio to Governor Palk, in 
 a letter dated the 4th JunaudelowelJ, or 30th Odtober i 764 ; Tuljagee (ac- 
 cording to the cuftom of this country) is not included in the faid guaran- 
 tee. If you confider his difobedience and difturbances, and his felling and 
 mortgaging fome diftrifts of his country to Europeans, who are enemies to 
 the Engliih intereft and mine, you may judge whether tlie taking of Tan- 
 jore wasjuftor not. — You may befides confider, if (kippofing Tuljagee gua- 
 ranteed in 1762 as well as his father) he did not lofe all right to fuch gua- 
 rantee by his conduft, becaufe he deftroyed the guarantee by drawing his 
 fword §. 
 
 The Gentlemen of the Company, in their letter of the 17th March 17%, 
 wrote as follows : 
 
 " It appears moft unreafonable to us, that the Raja of Tanjore fhould 
 *' take pofleffion of the moft fruitful part of the country, which can alone 
 *' fupply our armies with fubfiftence, and not contribute to the defence 
 *' of the Carnatic. We obferve the Nabob makes very carneft repre- 
 " fentations to you on this fubjeft in his letter, entered in the book of 
 " country correfpondence, wherein he takes notice, that the Zemindars of 
 " the Carnatic have been fupported, and their countries preferved to thern, 
 *' by the operations of our forces employed in his caufe-, and that nothing 
 *' was more notorious, than that three former Princes of the Carnatic had 
 *' received from the Tanjore Raja 70, 80, nay even 100 lacks of rupees at 
 *' a time -, that to the preceding Nizam he had paid a contribution of 50 
 *♦ lacks, and the prefent, if he had met with fuccefs againft our army, would 
 *' not have been content with lefs than a crore of rupees from this Raja. 
 *' How juft does it then appear, that he fhould be made to bear fome part 
 ** of the expence of thefe meafures, to which he owes his fecurity and the 
 
 "X It could not be otherwife ; as the Aicceffion of his fon was eventual, and depended on the 
 favour of his feudal Lord, the Nabob of Arcot. 
 
 5 What anfwer can the DireSors who figned the orders make to thefe fails ? 
 
 D 2 " peace
 
 [ 20 3 
 
 " peace of his country ? We therefore enjoin yon to give the Nabob fuch 
 
 " fupport; in his pretenfjons on the Raja of Tanjore, as may be efrectual ; 
 
 " and if the Raja refufes* to contribute a juft proportion to the expenceof 
 
 " the war, vou are then to purfue fuch meafures as the Nabob may think 
 
 " confiftent with thisjufticc and dignity of his government f." 
 
 I am a true friend to. the Company, and an old friend to you.alfo, and I 
 truft the profperity of my affairs to you. Though it is not confiftent with 
 the former promifes of the Governor and Council that I fliould take a Com- 
 pany's garrifon into Tanjore, I am willing to receive them as my beft friends, 
 -in the fame manner as in the fort of Trichinopoly, to pay the expence of 
 -the <?afrifon, and to ihew the moft friendly treatment to the country,: and; to 
 ^he Company, and to increafe the allowance of Tuljagee and his family J. 
 
 I have entrufted to the proteftion of the Company, my life, and thar of 
 my Tons, and all my family, and entirely depended on their friendfhip, and 
 am living in their fetdement at Madras ; then how could I refufe to give 
 up the fort, which is compofed only of ftones and bricks? But what anfwer 
 can I fay about reftoring to Tuljagee the fort and country of Tanjore, as ic 
 will be extremely prejudicial to my rights and honour. 
 
 I am oblio-ed to the Gentlemen of the Company, and it is due only to 
 their friendfhip and afllftance that I have pofleffed my rights. I have never 
 harboured a fufpicion that they would infringe my rights on falfe and grciind- 
 lefs reports. I underftand, from your Lordihip's reprefentation, that (hould 
 I not comply with the Company's order, relative to Tanjore, it will be 
 hurtful to the affairs of my government, and that the Gentlemen of the 
 Company will be difpleafed with me. When by taking a garrifon of their 
 troops into the Fort of Tanjore, I put a power in their hands, by which 
 
 * Which he did. 
 
 -) Thefe Orders form a flriking contrail to thofe of the lath of April 1775. In the latter, the 
 •DireQors affert, with inexcufable temerity, that the attack and capture of Tanjore ivas contrary 
 to their repeated orders and inftruftions. 
 
 t How will Lord Pigot anfwer to this nation, for not accepting fuch julT, equitable, and ad- 
 vantageous cfFers ? How will the prefent Court of Dircftors .infwer to the King, parliament, and 
 people of Great Britain, for not receiving dill more advantageous propofa's than thofe? ^/cs d,us 
 rvult ferdtre priui demtntit. 
 
 they
 
 [ 21 ] 
 
 they may always a6t according to. their pleafure, and only vvifli that they 
 would, through their favour, confider my rights and do me juftice; how 
 can they be offended with me ! 
 
 I have, my Lord, a long time fince gained the friendlhip of the Company, 
 from my father having given up his lii'e for them ; and from having been 
 plundered of our fortune and ehFedls acquired in a feries of years ; and from 
 {pending my youth with them. This friendfljip I regard, as the rriofl va- 
 luable acquifuion. I hope you will (through your favour) fhew mercy to 
 my old age and white hairs. 
 
 As the Gentlemen of the Company have left the management of the Tan- 
 jore bufinefs to your Lordfhip's wifdom, abilities, and honour, you have it 
 in your power to reprefent fully to tliem the bad condufl an.i enmity of 
 TulJ3g-;e, my right to lake the fort and country of I'anjore, my confent to 
 receiving a Company's garrifon therein, as in Trichinopoly, &:c. and my 
 defire of increafing the allowance of I'uijagee and his family. 
 
 I willgiveTuljagee his liberty before I receive the garrifon of my friends into 
 the Fort of Tanjore. He fhall owe that favour to mc, as he is my fubjecft. 
 I am much in debt to my troops, and have given many orders on that 
 country for large fums of money, v.'hich I borrowed on account of it; there- 
 fore I hope, that your Lordihip will do me the favour to give orders to 
 your officers, that they may not interfere in any refpect that may difturb me 
 in the management of the country, till a freOi order arrives from the Com- 
 pany, lour Lordihip will much oblige me by giving thcfe orders, and I 
 will receive your garrifon into the Fort." 
 
 The propofals offered by the Nabob, in the preceding letter are fo explicit, 
 fojuft and equitable, that they require no comment, and fland in need of 
 no commendation. The condud of lord Pigot, and the orders upon which 
 he proceeded, are as contrary to the common prudence, as they are to true 
 policy. A faithful ally of Great Britain, found himfelf obliged to difplace 
 a profligate renter of one of his provinces, becaufe he not only refufed to 
 perform his feudal duties, but even entered into treaties with the enemies of 
 this kingdom, as well as the Carnatic -, yet the Court of DiredoVs, unJer 
 the influence of a. prelended dt oi humanity, do an aft of injuftice; and give 
 back to a man, who has been uniformly the enemy of the Company, the 
 
 power
 
 [ 22 j 
 
 power of doing them more harm. Can any friend of Great Britain hefitate 
 where to draw the line whom to prci"er, if preference v;as neceflfary ? Or 
 where juftice is only defired for whom to decide ? 
 
 The Nabob ftill continuing ill, the following conference was held between 
 his two fons and Lord Pigot. 
 
 o 
 
 Tranjlation of a Confer ence between Umdaht-ul-Omrah, Ameer-ul-Omrah, and 
 Lord Pigott dated the fecond Zehige 11S9 Hegiray or 24th January 1776. 
 
 /^ MD AH T ul-Omrah and Ameer-ul-Omrah Behawders, went this 
 morning to Lord Pigot to the Company's garden, by order of his 
 Highnefs, and told him, that the Nabob was not well, and that they had 
 left the Doftors with him -, that after he had delivered the draught of his 
 Lordlhip's letter to his Counfellors and Moonheer's, he had defired them to 
 fhew him a copy of his letter to the Governor and Council of the day before 
 yefterday ; and that after he had read it, he would fend an anfwer to his Lord- 
 fhip to-morrow morning. His Lordfhip faid, Why is it neceflary for his 
 Highnefs to perufe the copy ? the letter he wrote me yefterday he fhould 
 forget, as it is not a proper one for him to write*; his Highnefs fhould only 
 write in two lines, that he will receive the Company's garrifon into the fort of 
 Tanjore, and that he will give an order to his officer commanding there to 
 that purpofe; that if his Highnefs would not do fo, it will not be in his (his 
 Lordlhip's) power to do any fervice to him. They replied, that the Nabob 
 had agreed to receive the Company's garrifon into the fort of Tanjore, as he 
 had written in his letter, and what could his Lordfliip want more; and that 
 his Lordllfip fliould write only two lines in anfwer, as his Highnefs had no 
 objedion to receiving the garrifon. Lord Pigot replied, that the Nabob's 
 letter was not fit to be entered in the Companfs book f, or to be anfwered 
 by him X' Omdaht-ul-Omrah then told him, that they would, to-morrow 
 
 * It is hard, if an ally of the King of Great Brii.'.in is precluded from remonftrating againS 
 the injullicc of his Majclly's own fuhjcfts. 
 
 f His Lordfhip appears to be in fome meafure fenfible, that the argutnenis and fafls con- 
 tained in the letter were not much in favour of the fo-vereign authority, wiiich thofe who Jeaitthe 
 Company wifli by their orders to ellablilTi in their own peifons. 
 
 J Hij Lordfhip fecms to be fcnfiblc, that the letter coii/t/ not le anfwered by him. 
 
 morning,
 
 [ 23 3 
 
 morning, bring an anfwer from the Nabob to what his Lordfliip faid. Lord 
 Pigot told him, that it gave him concern that the Nabob placed no confi- 
 dence in him, and would not attend to his advice on this ilibjcdtj and what 
 did it fignify their bringing the fame anfwer to-morrow morning. 7 hat his 
 Lordlhip had received a letter from Mr. Haftings, congratulating him on 
 his arrival here, and mentioning the affair of Bafalec Jung, brother to the 
 Nizam •, and that his Lordfhip having fo much bufinefs on his hands, had 
 not time to write an anfwer to JVIr. Haftings's letter; that he wanted to fettle 
 the Tanjore bufmefs, and to write the fleafmg news% of having done fo to 
 Bengal; that if he could not do fo, he would write to Mr. Haftings, that 
 it gave him great concern that the Nabob would not comply with his wifhes, 
 by which his Highnefs's difpleafure appeared ; that the whole country and 
 the Company's Jaghier were in the Nabob's power; and that the fituation 
 of the Governor and Council here was fuch, that they would be ftarved if 
 the Nabob did not furnifli them with money, as they had not got any ; that 
 in this cafe Mr. Haftings muft fupply them with money from Bengal to 
 carry on this bufinefs*. They told his Lordfliip, that they were much fur- 
 prifed that, confidering the Nabob's friendfhip, he fhould allow fuch thoughts 
 to enter his mind, and afked, Who is here to fight with your Lordfhip I 
 we only explain our fituation to your Lordfhip, and agree to take the Com- 
 pany's garrifon into the fort without any objeftion. They then took their 
 leave and returned to his Llighnefs, and told him, that Lord Pigot wanted 
 that his Highnefs (hould give him leave to return his letter. His Highnefs 
 told them, that he was very ill, that Doflor Bofwell and Dodlor Storey were 
 with him ; notwithftanding v/hich, he would give orders to his Moonfhee to 
 ftiew him the draught of his letter to his Lordfliip, either in the evening or 
 at night, and that after he had read it he would fend an anfwer to-morrow 
 morning. 
 
 They went again the fame morning, and told him, that tlie Nabob was- 
 very ill, and had taken phyfici that Dodtor Bofwell and Dodor Storey 
 
 § This pleafing neivj he did not chafe to write, till a re/iuijitorial letter came from Bengal; 
 which (hall be printed in this coUedion. 
 
 * This is plainly threatening the Nabob with a war ; Lord Pigot having declared, that he 
 would fend for money to Bengal to take Tanjore by force. 
 
 8 were
 
 [ 24 ] 
 
 were v/ith him ; that they had explained to him his Lordfhip's melTage; and 
 that his Highnefs faid, though he v/as very ill, he had ordered his Moon- 
 fliee to be ready to (liew him the draught of the letter, either in the evening 
 or at night ; and that he would fend an anf.ver to-morrow morning. His 
 Lordfliip anfwered, that he could not have any longer patience; that he had 
 proinifed his Council that he would fettle this bufinefs this morning. They 
 replied, that their father's health was fuch, and the impatience of their uncle 
 (meaning L.ord Pigot) was fo great, that they were in great difficulty how to 
 aft. His Lordfhip faid, he did not underftand to-day or to-morrow morn- 
 incr-, that to-morrow morning his Highnefs would not attend to hispropofal, 
 but would fend the fame anfwer-, that he (his Lordfhip) was going co lend. 
 for money to Bengal \. Tliey afked him. Why are you goiiig to lend for 
 money to Bengal, who is to fight with you? Your Lordfliip may kill any, 
 of the Nabob's family that you pleafe, he will fay nothing againft it. Lord 
 Pigot anfwered, he would not delay any longer to manage the Company's 
 bufinefs ; that the Nabob fbould forget x\rt letter he had vvitccn -, that his 
 HJo-hncfs fliould write, in two lines, that he would receive the Co'Dpany's 
 oarrifon into Tanjore, and that he would give orders to his officers to that 
 purpofe, and that his Highnefs ftiould not mention any thing about the 
 Country, &c. but that he ffiould forget the letter he had written to him, as 
 it was a very bad letter ; and that his Highnefs fhould, through favour, 
 leave this bufinefs to him ; and that he (his Lordfliip) would write a very 
 vocd letter. They replied, that they would bring his lordlliip an anfwer to- 
 morrow morning. His'Lordlhip faid, this delay has happened by faying 
 to-day and to-morrow morning, and that it appeared they would put off the 
 fliip from failing, by to-day or to-morrow morning; that he would not allow 
 bufinefs to be delayed in fuch a manner ; that he would immediately go to 
 their father, and nfk him one queftion. Whether he would do the bufinefs 
 or not; and that he fliould not put it off any longer. Omdaht-ul-Omrah 
 and Ameer-ul Omrah then talked together in Pcrfian, obferving that his 
 Lordfliip talked in an extraordinary manner; for though the Nabob had 
 written plainly, yet Lord Pigot expeded a letter from him ; and that his 
 Lordfliip's real meaning feemed to be this, that his Highnefs fliould not write 
 
 f To levy war on an unoirt.nding ally of Great Dritain ! 
 
 7 «"y 
 
 £)
 
 [ 25 ] 
 
 any letter or dcfire any promife from him, before he had taken the Com- 
 pany's garrifon into the fort -, that he would do what he thought proper af- 
 terwards, but no promife now. His Lordfliip faid, that he would come to 
 the Nabob's houfe, and (lay there till he finiflied this bufinefs. They told 
 him that the houfe was his, but that it would be unneceflary for him to do 
 fo. His lordfliip faiu, it was very neceflary for him to fettle this bufinefs •, that 
 if the Nabob refufed it, he would write to the Company that the Nabob was 
 an enemy to them, and that he would regard him as fuch. They told his 
 Lordlhip that the Nabob regarded the Company's friendfliip more than his 
 life, and that thefe harfli words were an injury to his Highnefs. His loid- 
 fhip faid, fuppofe them /^^r/:? or y»;<j(7/^, I mufl: do the bufinefs; if the Na- 
 bob choofes he may write a letter as long as the room, but it will be of no 
 advantage to this bufinefs, and I will not ftir to- morrow morning till it is 
 fettled. They then took their leave, and his lordfliip gave them a letter 
 from Mr, Hafliings, addreffed to his Highnefs, which they delivered to him." 
 
 On the 25th of January, the Nabob V13.5 forced to fend the following 
 note to Lord Pigot. 
 
 Letter from the Nabob to Lord Pigot^ dated z^th January^ ly^d. 
 
 Chepauck, January 25th, 1776. 
 
 T Have perufed the strict order of the Company given to my Friend, and. 
 have written a reply thereto in mine of the aad infl:ant, that agreeable 
 TO THAT I HAVE CONSENTED, AND that I have given peimifllon for their 
 garrifon to be put in Tanjore. Fifteen days hence you may fend your 
 people, and I (hall withdraw my own fupernumerary people *. 
 
 His Lordfliip returned the following anfwer. 
 
 Letter from Lord Pigot to his Highnefs the Nabob, zs,th January, 177S. 
 
 To the Nabob. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 T Am to thank your Highnefs for the mark you have, by your letter of this 
 day, given of your fteady friendfliip for my employers, the Eafl: India 
 
 • To the words in capitals the Nabob did not confent. 
 
 E Company,
 
 [ as 3 
 
 Company, by complying with the orders I have received from them, to put 
 a garrifon into Tanjore ; and although it was impoffible for me to receive 
 that place on any conditions, yet you may be afllired of every mark of my 
 attention to your intereft, fo far as fhall be confiftent with the Company's 
 orders. 
 
 I have the honour to be, 
 
 Your Highnefs's moft obedient. 
 Fort St. George, and moft humble fervanr, 
 
 jjth Jir.uaiy, 1776. 
 
 P I G O T. 
 
 The following anfwer was returned, next day, by the Nabob. 
 
 Travjlation of a Letter from the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated ^th Zehige, 1189 
 Hegira, or 26th January^ 1776. 
 
 f Have received your Lordlhip's note, dated the 25th Inftant. 
 
 Inmy anfwer, dated the 29th Zecaud,or22d Inftant,to your Lordfliip's Let- 
 ter, I wrote to you in regard to Tanjore, and have great hopes of the profperity 
 of my affairs, from the favour and juftice of the Gentlemen of the Company 
 and you, who are my friend; and my whole dependence is on them and 
 you. 
 
 I hope you will fhew favour to my rights." 
 
 The Nabob renewed his folicitations to Lord Pigot on the 3d of February. 
 
 Tranflation of a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot ^ February ^d, 
 1776, or 12th Zehige 1189 Hegira. 
 
 T Underhand, from your intimation, the defire of the Gentlemen of the 
 Company to have a garrifon in the Fort of Tanjore. As I have been from 
 the beginning their true friend, and invariable well-wi(her, and as they are 
 bound to proteft my honour, and to fccure my country and my rights, and 
 are afilftants to me in all my affairs ; as they, my beft friends, have had all 
 my ftrong forts put under their care by me, and I have, through friendfliip, 
 confidered our interells as the fame ; therefore, except to explain my fitua- 
 
 tion
 
 [ 27 ] 
 
 tion and my rights, I have not oppofed their intention in any refpeft ; but 
 have, with great integrity of heart and great friendfhip, wrote in my letter 
 to you, dated the 29th Zecaud 1189 Hegira, or 22d of January 1776, that 
 the Fort of Tanjore might be kept in the care of my friends -, and there- 
 fore fend the incloled order to Mahommed Nagif Cawn, Bahauder, to deliver 
 lip the Fort to the care of my friends whereby I have given to the whole 
 world a proof of the fentiments of my heart, which is filled with friendfliip 
 for the Company and the Englifli nation. I am entirely convinced, that you 
 will reprefent to the Gentlemen of the Company, my friendfliip and regard 
 to them, in the fame colours as you have fecn iliem with your own eyes. And 
 1 have ftrong hopes, that you will (through your favour) give orders to the 
 officer whom you appoint to the command of the Fort of Tanjore, to pre- 
 ferve the honour of my reprefentatives and fervants, and adl jointly wich 
 them, and not to obftrudl the bufinefs of the country, but to give his afTift- 
 ance in it." 
 
 Lord Pigot, eager to accomplifh his views, paid no attention to the 
 fupplicat'ons of the Nabob. The following laconic note was received, by 
 that prince, on the day it was written. 
 
 Tranjlation of a Note from Lord Pigot to the Nabob, dated ^d Mohurrum 1 1 90 
 
 Hegira, or I'^d February i']']6. 
 
 I Want to know how many orders are given for the payment of the money 
 on the Tanjore country, and what perfon the Nabob thinks proper to be 
 deputed /?v?»; me to fettle the bufinef, of Tanjore. ' 
 
 Lord Pigot, on the fame day, fent a copy of the following paper to the 
 Nabob. 
 
 What the Pre^dent, Lord Pigot, zvanted the Nabob to agree to. 
 
 'pHE Prefident acquaints the Board, that the Nabob has delivered to him 
 a paper, containing the amount of the orders he has given upon the 
 Tanjore country. That the Nabob has likewife given him an order, directed 
 to all his Hamildars, &c. commanding them to account with fuch perfons 
 as he, the Prefident, may name, for all the fums colleded in the Tanjore 
 
 E 2 country
 
 [ 28 ] 
 
 cour.try7?w^ the i^th injiant* •, and direfting the faid Hamildars, &c. to relin- 
 quidi all manner of authority, fliould they be required by him fo to do. 
 
 The Prefident thinks, therefore, the Company's orders may now be carried 
 into effed -}- ; and that the Raja (hould be placed in the full pofTefTion and 
 management of the country, by a public order to all the Hamildars, &c. 
 
 The fafety of Tanjore, and the fecurity of the Raja and his family, appear- 
 ing to make it necefiary, that an Englifh garrifon fliould not only be in the 
 Fort, but the country alfo be protected by the Company's troops, the Prefi- 
 dent recommends, that the Raja be requefted to permit the fame •, and to 
 allot for this purpofe a fum not exceeding the amount of what he formerly 
 paid to his own troops. 
 
 The fafety of the Carnatic depends upon a welldifciplined force, regularly 
 paid, being kept up. The particular fafety and quiet of every individual 
 feems to require, that no other force fhould be permitted to be kept up; and 
 thefe confiderations induce the Board to wiQi that the Raja would join them 
 in their endeavours to place the country in this fituation. 
 
 In order to induce the Nabob to aflent hereto, the Raja may be dejired 
 to allow the amount of the feveral orders the Nabob has given upon the 
 Tanjore country to be difcharged out of the Revenues thereof. 
 
 The provifion thus made towards thefupport of the army by the Raja of 
 Tanjore, will render it unneceffary for the Nabob, in time of peace, to be 
 at a greater expence than the fum the Company now charge him with, and 
 fuch of his regiments of horfe as have been long in his fervice, and he is de- 
 firous of having continued in pay, may be kept up without putting him to 
 that expence. 
 
 * Why his Lordlhip (hould fix on ihc 9th of February as the day of commencing hii receipt 
 of the revenue of Tanjore merits explanation. He had arrived in the firll week of December. 
 He had in his pocket pofili've Orders for giving b.ick Tanjore to the Raja. Why has he delayed 
 their execution fo long? Had he negociations at Madras which took up all his time ? It is be- 
 lieved he had. But men unacquainted wxth h\% hordih'^^ vi\\\ hy: " Either the orders were _/«/? 
 " or ufijuj). If ll;cy were jujl, how could you, my Lord, defer fo long their execution? if they 
 " were unjujl, why did you execute them at all? You had a fair opening for putting ofF 
 " the bufinefs, till a further explanation ftiould arrive from Europe?" Thefe quellions are doc 
 eafily anfwered ; and therefore an anfvvcr is not expected. 
 
 f Why might they not have been carried into effcd before ? Lord Pigot's Dubafeh could, if 
 be pleafcd, anfwer this qucAion. 
 
 7 The
 
 [ 29 ] 
 
 The Prefident adds, that having explained this to the Nabob, his High- 
 nefs, in telHmony of his fincere frlendfhip to the Company, readily ajjents 
 thereto J." 
 
 The following affefting Paper was fent by the Nabob, in confequence 
 of the preceding Paper and Note. 
 
 Tranjlation of a Paper from hii Highnefs to Lord P'goty dated 6tb Alohurrum 
 i\^o Hegira, or 26th February 1776. 
 
 EFORE the redu6lion of Tanjore, I was not much loaded with 
 debt, but there remained a little due to my old creditors, as I was ob- 
 liged to pay ten lack of Pagodas, on account of Myfore. 
 
 B 
 
 On the firfl expedition againft Tanjore, my eldeit fon fettled matters 
 there, and took agreement for the payment of the money, which I afllgned 
 to my creditors •, but Tuljagee was totally deficient in the payment, whereby 
 they fuffered delay. For this reafon, and the other bad condud of Tuljagee, 
 which I have mentioned in my former letters, we were induced to fend the 
 Company's troops and mine to take Tanjore. From Arcot, Nellore, 
 Trichinopoly, Irinevelly, and from all .my other countries, fighting people 
 are afTembled and provifions. bullocks, fheep, &c. in great quantities for 
 the ufe of the army, were provided lor this expedition. 
 
 In carrying on this bufinefs I contracted heavy debts, by raifing troops 
 for the defence of the forts and countries which were weakened by the old 
 troops being drawn from them to go againft Tanjore, by paying Batta to the 
 army ; and to thofe who brought afliftance, by paying prize-money to the 
 army on Inith expeditions, and other expences -, and by paying money to 
 the Dutch to releafe the diftrifts pofieffcd by them : as all the countries 
 belong to me, I gave orders on fuch places as I thought proper, for the 
 payment of the faid debts, and the pay of the troops, &c. Now, your 
 Lordfliip requires a particular account of the orders I gave on Tanjore. 
 If I give you only an account of the orders on that country, all the debts 
 that lie upon me and my country for the two expeditions againft Tanjore, 
 
 X His Highnefs had :he fpirit rot to aj/int. He refolved to fubmit to force, and even to in- 
 digniiy ; but he Itood firm to his rights, 
 
 and
 
 [ 30 ] 
 
 tnd the money paid to the Dutch, will be loft. — In this cafe, how am I to 
 write you only an account of the orders given on the Tanjore country ? 
 Should any hindrance happen in the affairs of that country, the clamours 
 of my creditors and my troops will be very loud •, confidering which, I beg 
 of your Lordfliip to excufe me on this fubjeft (as I defired in my letter of 
 the 29th of Zecaud, or 22d of January laft), till you receive a further 
 order from the Company. I now again beg the fame favour. — I have cheer- 
 fully received the garrifon of my friends in tiie Fore of Tanjore, and am 
 ready (till the furfcher order arrives) to increafe Tuljagee's allowance, and 
 to pay the expence of the garrifon in any manner you think proper, and 
 may write me. 
 
 If Tuljagee had not obliged me to undertake thofe two expeditions againft 
 Tanjore, 1 fliould by this time have been mafter of much treafure. — I 
 took Tanjore thinking that my honour, the honour of the King of Great 
 Britain, the Company, and the EngliQi nation, and of the Governor and 
 Council, were concerned, and that it was my right to take it. Had I fore- 
 feen the difficulties that attend this bufinefs before we took Tanjore, though 
 the tranquillity of the Carnatic was much difturbed, and our interefts 
 fuffered by it, we would not have had any thing to do with it. I am there- 
 fore under great forrow and uneafinefs, and put myfelf under your protec- 
 tion. It is worthy of your long friendfhip, that you fhould take by the hand 
 your old friend, who \& finking in the whirlpool, and give him protedion *." 
 
 The Nabob lent alfo the following anfwcr to Lord Pigoi's note and 
 paper of February the 23d. 
 
 TranfatioH of a Letter from his Ilighnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated "jth 
 Mohurrum 1 1 go Hegira, or zyth February 1776. 
 
 TN anfwer to your Lorddiip's requeft of the 23d of February 17/6, or 
 
 3d Mohurrum 1100 Hegira, to be informed, what order I had given on 
 
 the Tanjore country, and what perfon I wifhed to be fcnt on a deputation 
 
 • .'\pf)lication to tl.e iwa/fr p'lfnrns have litile cfFcfl, when the yf«»g- prevail. His Lord- 
 fliip only can determine whith of his pafiioiis is tlie Jlrongijt, at his age. One would have 
 thought, that the llate is too feeble \o defend its allies, when fuch an humiliating application is 
 made in vai.T to ihe reprcfentative of a company of TraJt-rs. 
 
 thither J
 
 [ 31 ] 
 
 thither; I fent you by my two fons a paper, containing my opinion on the 
 26th February. Upon this, your Loidfliip fcnt nie, by Mr. Chambers, a 
 paper written in your ozvn band for my perufal. The contents of that 
 paper fiirprifed me much ; from the time in which a garrilbn of my friends 
 has been put in Tanjore, I have repeatedly explained to your Lordiliip, as 
 in my letter of the 22d January, my fentiments relative to my rights, and 
 the difficulties that would arife from interfering with the bufinefs of the 
 country. 1 now write your Lorddiip, that I did not explain to you mv 
 fentiments in the manner you have been pleafed to write in the paper, fent 
 by IVIr. Chambers. 1 beg your Lordfhip may write me what you propofe to 
 fay on this fubjeft. I will in return, write your Lordfhip my fentiments 
 plainly, I always regard my good friends, the Company, as the protciftors 
 of my honour, my reputation, and my family." 
 
 Lord Pigot endeavoured to obtain the following paper from the Nabob, 
 But the Nabob never confented, either to the paper or the propofals it con- 
 tains. 
 
 A Paper fent by Lord Pigot to his Highnefs the Nabob zSth February \yy6y 
 or 6th Mohurrum 11 90 Hegira. 
 
 'TPHE Prefident acquaints the Board, t<hat the Nabob has delivered to him 
 a paper, containing the amount of the orders he has given upon the Tan- 
 jore country. That the Nabob has likewife given him an order, direfted to 
 all his Amildars, &c. commanding them to account with fach perfons as he, 
 the Prefident, may name, for all fums coUedted in the Tanjore country, 
 fince the 9th inftant ; and direding the faid Amildars, &c. to relinquifh 
 all manner of authority, fliould they be required by him fo to do *. 
 
 The Prefident thinks, therefore, the Company's orders may now be car- 
 ried into efi'eft-f ; and that the Raja fhould be placed in the full pofi^efTion 
 and management of the country, by a public order to all the Amildars, &c. 
 
 * Ko fuch order was ever given. 
 
 f Why were they not carried into effefl before ? Were the preparations iiecefTary for the re. 
 Jioration at Tarjore fo important, that, on their account, the pofilive onhn of tiie Compary 
 mull be fufpended ? 
 
 8 The
 
 [ 32 ] 
 
 The fafety of Tanjore, and the fecurity of the Raja and his family J, 
 appearing to make it neceflary, that an Englifli garrilbn fliould not only be 
 in the F"oi'c, but the country alfo be proteded by the Company's troops, 
 the Prefident recommends, that the Raja te requcjled § to permit the fame, 
 and to allot for this piirpofe a fum not exceeding the amount of what he 
 formerly paid to his own troops. 
 
 The fafety of the Carnatic depends upon a well-difclplincd force regu- 
 larly paid being kept up : the particular fafety and quiet of every individual 
 fceir.s to require, that no other (hould be permitted to be kept up; and 
 thefe confiderations induce the Board to wifh, that the Raja would join them 
 in their endeavours to place the country in this fituation. 
 
 In order to induce the Nabob to affent hereto, the Raja may be defired 
 to allow the amount of the feveral orders the Nabob has given upon the 
 Tanjore country, to be difcharged out of the revenues thereof *. 
 
 The provifion thus made towards the fupport of the army by the Raja of 
 Tanjore, will render it unneceflary for the Nabob, in time of peace, to be 
 at a "reater expcnce, than the fum the Company now charge him with ; 
 and fuch of his regiments of horfe as have been long in his fervice, and he 
 is defirous of having continued in pay, may be kept up, without putting 
 him to that expence. 
 
 The Prefident adds, that having explained this to the Nabob, his High 
 nefs, in teflimony of his fincere friendfhip to the Company, readily aflents 
 thereto -[-. 
 
 Received 6th Mohurrum 1 190 Hegira, 
 or 26th February 1776." 
 
 The Nabob complains, in the following letter, of Lord Pigot's unfair- 
 nefs, in the preceding paper. 
 
 1 This infiiiuales a fufpicion of tlie Nabob, which has been already difproved by fafls. 
 § Pretty langunge to a man of Jiraiu, from the reprefcntativc of a body of men who difpofe 
 of kingdoms «iih the da(h of a pen ! 
 
 • Lord Pigot afterwards changed his mind ; but he was out-voted by his Council, who dif- 
 approvcd of all his proceedings at Tanjore. 
 
 f His Highnefs never gave his alTcnt. 
 
 'tranjlalion
 
 C 33 ] 
 
 Tranjlalioit of a Letter from bis Highnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated jtk 
 Mohurrum 1190 Hegira, or 2ytb February 1776. 
 
 |N anfwer to your Lordfhip's requeft of the 23d February 1776, or 3d 
 Mohurrum 1190 Hegira, to be informed what orders I had given on the 
 Tanjore country, and what perfon I wiflied to be fent on a deputation 
 thither : I fent you by my tw6 fons, a paper containing my opinion on the 
 26th February : upon this, your Lordfliip fent me, by Mr. Chambers, a 
 paper written in your own hand for my perufal. The contents of that pa- 
 per furprifed me much. — From the time in which a garrifon of my friends 
 had been put in Tanjore, I have repeatedly explained to your Lordfhip, as 
 in my letter of the 2 2d January, my fentiments relative to my rights, and 
 the difficulties that would arife from interfering with the bufinefs of the 
 country. I now write your Lordfhip, that I did not explain to you my fen- 
 timents in the manner you have been pleafed to write in the paper fent by 
 Mr. Chambers. — I beg your Lordfhip may write me what you propofe to 
 fay on this fubjeft. I will, in return, write your Lordfhip my fentiments 
 plainly. I always regard my good friends the Company, as the prote(5lor5 
 of my honour, my reputation, and my family. 
 
 The following is Lord Pigoi's anfwer to the Nabob's letter of the 26th 
 February. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Lord Pigot, to his Highnefs the Nabob, dated the 6tk 
 
 March 1776. 
 
 T Have received your Highnefs's Letter of the 26th February, in which 
 you reprefent to me the very great diflrefs of your finances, by the ex- 
 pences you have incurred on account of the Tanjore expeditions. Turn your 
 own thoughts towards a remedy, and I can afTure you, that no afTiflance, 
 which is confiflent with the orders of my mafters, fhall be omitted, on 
 my part, to relieve you from every diflrefs. 
 
 The orders I have received from the Company, are to reftore the coun- 
 try of Tanjore to the Raja ; but fuch has been my folicitude to do every 
 thing in concert v/ith your Highnefs, that this is yet unexecuted, not- 
 withflanding that an Englifh garrifon has been almoft a month in Tan- 
 jore *, 
 
 f This is but a iame ejccufe for hk Lordlliip's Jela/s 
 
 ^ Humanity
 
 [ J4 ] 
 
 Humanity to the wretched inhabitants, diftrefled beyond meafure, by, 
 the tniferable ftate in which the country now remains, without any eftablifli- 
 ed government, either of your Highnefs f or "the Raja ; juftice to the 
 Raja, whois fcarcely better than a prifoner ftill J, and attention tothe pur 
 bhc honoui> make it abfolutely neceflary to carry into immediate efFeft the 
 orders of the Company. 
 
 I muft therefore beg leave to repeat my rcqueft, that you will give an 
 order, direded to all your Hamildars, &c. in the Tanjore country, to re- 
 linquilh all manner of authority when called upon by me fo to do, and to 
 account with fuch perfons as I may name, for all fums collefted in the Tan-^ 
 jore country, from the day I had the honour to deliver the Company's let- 
 ter to your Highnefs. 
 
 I beg alfo that you will be pleafed to give me the amount of the or* 
 ders, you have given on the Tanjore country. 
 
 I have the honour to be 
 Your Highnefs's 
 Fort St. George,. moft obedient humble fervant, 
 
 6ih March 1776. 
 
 (Signed) PIG or,. 
 
 Lord Pigot writes a paper to Inmfelf, and defires the Nabob to father ici 
 Upon this the following conference was held. 
 
 Tratijlation of a Conference between the Nalcb and Lord Pigot, March iZthy.. 
 
 i776. 
 
 T ORD Pigot came to his Highnefs about ten o'clock this morning, and 
 explained to him, by Mr. Chambers,, a paper which he defired that his 
 Highnefs (hoiild write to him. His Highnefs told his Lordfliip, that, he 
 would write him to-morrow what he wiflied to fay to him. 
 
 ■ f He himfelf had deRroyed the Nabob's government ; and here he complains of his own aft,. 
 X It is remarkable, that the Compan/'s commanding officer at Tanjore coiifidered tlie Raja 
 as a prifoner, after the Nabob had delivered up the Fort. The Nabob offered to fet the Raja at 
 large, before he aJmitied a garrifon into Tanjore ; yet Lord Pigot rejefted that propofal ; and 
 notwithftanding ihe Jlri^ trJirs of his Mafers, (to ufe his own words) kept hira Hill a prifoner. 
 Here fomelhing " more was meant than meets the ear." Had Tuljaj^ec been fct at liberty be* 
 fore his Lord/hip's arrival at Tanjore, be ia\g\ii forget the favour. 
 
 Tranflation
 
 t 35 ] 
 
 TranJIalhii of a Paper which Lord Pigot defires that his Highmfs the Nabob 
 Jhould -write to him, received the 2Kib Mohmrum iigo Jlegira, or iqth 
 March 1776. 
 
 1 N anfwer to your Lordfliip's Letter in regard to the country of Tanjore, 
 I inform you, that I did not take that country from the Raja until his 
 dilbbedience was fo evident to the Company, the whole world, and to me 
 that we were convinced he deferred chaftifenient. Therefore I cannot rttuni 
 that country to him ; but it is not my defirc that even my enemy fliouhi 
 -dcfpond of receiving the favour that the Company wifli to fliew him ; for I 
 am well convinced that in (hewing him that favour, my friends will attend to 
 preferving my honour and the interefts of the Carnatic •, wherefore I will 
 cheerfully deliver the country of Tanjore into the hands of the Company, 
 provided my Ibvereignty therein may be afTured to me. Por thefe purpofes 
 I have fent the neccflary orders. The Raja will be always difobedient * ; his 
 nature leads him to this : I fhould therefore have a ftrong agreement from 
 him not to entertain troops in future, for I fhculd otherwife be obliged to 
 punifh him again. It is alfo my wifh that fuch a part of the revenues of the 
 Tanjore country fhould be fet afide for the Company as may be fufficientfor the 
 payment of the troops which they may appoint there for its fecurity, and for 
 the defence of the Carnatic. 1 confent to all this, from my intention that the 
 Company may have the mod evident proof of my firm friendfhip to them 
 and to convince them that I confider their advantage as my own. This is 
 the itrongeft teft of my friendfhip. I therefore truft that my friends will 
 not leave on me the prefent burden of my debts. The preffino- dirtrefTes of 
 my finances are too clear to require my enumerating them to your Lordfhib. 
 1 only mention this, that their rife have been principally due to the defireof 
 me and my family to aflift my friends. However, the bufinefs has fuccecded 
 well, and I am happy in the remembrance of it. My fons will follow my 
 example. God has pleafed to give me many fons, and he has, through his 
 divine favour, given them another father (which is the Company), and I 
 commit them to their proteflion. 
 
 • This is a (Irange charafter given of the Raja, bythe rery man who reilores lilm I If he 
 is a dangerous and profligate man, how .can Lord Pigot, how can thofe who gave the orders 
 anfwer for having placed ;he power of doing harm, in his hands ? * 
 
 ^ ^ Contrary
 
 [ 35 ] 
 
 Contrary to Lord Pigot's wifhes, the Nabob adheres with fpirit to his 
 undoubted rights. Bur, at the fame time that he is determined to fup- 
 port his own rights, he makes offers and concefllons to the Company, 
 which the world will not jullify his Lordfhip in rejeding. The whole con- 
 dufl of Lord Piorot feems more calculated to mortify and opprefs the Na- 
 bob, than to ferve his Mafters. It is faid he has effeSiually ferved himfelf. 
 There is not a fingle faft advanced in the following letter, tliat cannot be 
 proved from the Records of the Company. Their conduft, therefore, to 
 their old friend and benefador, is replete with ingratitude as well as in- 
 jHftice. 
 
 Tranjlation of a Letter from his Highnefi the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated igtb- 
 March iy'j6j or 28th Mchurrum 1190 Hegira. 
 
 T Have received your Lordlhip's letter of the 6th inftant, in which you are pleafed 
 to fay, in anfwer to my reprefentation of the great diftrefs of my finances, 
 from the two expeditions againft Tanjore, that I lliould turn my thoughts 
 towards a remedy, and that no affiftance, which is confident with the orders 
 of your Mafters, fhall be omitted on your part to relieve me from every 
 diftrefs ; for which I am obliged to you. 
 
 If your Lordfliip is refolved, notwithftanding my reprefentatlons and re- 
 quefts, both to you and the Company, about the country of Tanjore, to 
 give it to Tuljagee, to what remedy fliall I turn my thoughts ? 
 
 I have not contrafted my debts by fpending money in oficntatioji and 
 ufdefs pirfuits; but I have contrafted them in the national war againft Ma- 
 dras, in the reduction of Pondicherry, and the expedition againft Madura f; 
 in the difturbances made by tlie Nizam, when the Company took poflefilon 
 of the Circars, and afterwards by their taking the Dewanftiip of Myfore, 
 and making an expedition againft that country., which occaGoned Hyder Aly 
 to enter the Carnatic, and plunder it as he thought proper, which put me 
 to great expence, as well for the fupport of the Company's army 3s my own. 
 
 f Lord Pigot is no flranger to the particulars of that expedition ; it is alfo faid, that liis 
 Lordfhip was in corrcfpondence with Ifouf Cawn ; but this was be/ore that pirtifan rebelled ; 
 Colonel Monfon, now a member of the Supreme Council at Bengal, can, when he pleafcs, 
 lefrelh his Loidlhip's mitnory on this fulijedl. 
 
 All
 
 [ 37 ] 
 
 All thefe things have not been brought on by me J, as I have already men- 
 tioned in my letter dated the ad Showall 1183 Hegira, to the Governor and 
 Council. My debts have been alio increafed by my paying ten lacks of Pa- 
 godas, on accoifnt of the Myfore expedition, vi^hich I had no right to pay. 
 All thefe expences have been incurred by me for the affiftance of my friends, 
 and I am happy in the remembrance of it. I have paid off great part, and 
 very little now remains. If the before-mentioned affairs had not happened, 
 I fliould not owe any thing ; the money which I was obliged to borrow for 
 the redudion of Tanjore was with a view to preferve the tranquillity of the 
 Carnatic, and to afllire the general peace and fafety. If I had not done 
 fo, what difturbances would not have happened in this country from the 
 bad condud of Tuljagee, his application to the Marattas for affiftance, and 
 to the Dutch and other powers, as I have fet forth in my letters to your 
 Lordlhip of the 2 2d January and 26th February laft * ? I can clearly ex- 
 plain 
 
 X No. The fervants of the Company hrought on the wars, and the Nabob bore the 
 expences. 
 
 • Though the Court of Direftors have fliewn fo much favour to Tuljagee, the following fails 
 are incontrovertible. In compliance with his felicitations, twenty thoufand Marratto hoife ap- 
 peared on the frontiers of the Carnatic under the command of Trimbuckrow, in the year 1772, 
 and threatened the whole country with fire and fword. To gratify thefe marauders, the Na- 
 bob was obliged to pay down a confiderable fum of money, befides prefents of jewels, fire-arms, 
 and elephants. The intercepted letters of Tuljagee to Poonah prove, that this invafion was 
 undertaken by his advice, and at his inftigation. 
 
 Though the IVIarattos retreated, contrary to the expeftations of the Raja of Tanjore, he con- 
 tinued his intrigues at Poonah. In the beginning of the year 1773, he fent a perfon to that ca- 
 pital, to entertain a body of horfe, and to folicit the alliance of the State for a waraoainft the 
 Carnatic. Mr. Moftyn, the Englilh Refident at the Court of Poonah, was no llranger to this 
 negociation. He advifed the Governor and Council of Fort St. George, that the Carnatic was 
 to be invaded by the combined forces of the Marattos and the Raja. The Nabob, as well as the 
 Company's fervants, being averfe to a frelh war, perhaps delayed too long the only eiFeflual 
 means to deprive Tuljagee of the power of injury. 
 
 It is evident, from the whole tenor of Tuljagee's ccndiift, from the day the firft fiege of Tan- 
 jore was raifed, that he meditated another war. He only waited for a fit opportunity of carrying 
 fire and fword through the dominions of the Nabob, his lawful and acknowledged fuperior. 
 Happily for the profperity of the Carnatic, fortunately for the Engliih, the abilities of the Raja 
 were not equal to his perfidy. His intrigues, however, were not confined to Afiatic powers. 
 Though he had fent feveral embafiies to Hyder Ali, he turned chiefly his views to quarters ftill 
 more alarming to the Nabob and the Company. He entered into the ftrifleft connexions with 
 the French, the Dutch, and the Danes, as appeared from the original Sunnuds, delivered up 
 
 • F 3 to 
 
 ^580-09
 
 C 3« ] 
 
 plain to your Lordfliip the nature of my debts on account of the Tanjorc 
 country, provided you do not obftrudt my management of the revenues. 
 
 Your Lordfhip has written to me, that the Company's orders to you are, 
 to put the Tanjore country into the hands of Tuljagee, but rh.it it is your 
 wifh to tranfad every bufinefs in concurrence wiih mc-, and though the Eng- 
 lifh Company's garrifon has been one month in the fort of Tanjore, you h:ive 
 not yet complied with the orders of your Matters, i confider tlie Gentlemen 
 of the Company as my friends, and it is by their favour and afTiftance that I 
 have got pofleOion of my right. I am always thankful to them, and I 
 readily received their garrifon into the fort of Tanjore, as into my other 
 forts, to take care of it, in order that the Company might have the ftrongefl: 
 proof of my friendfliip towards them -, yet if any one imagines that thtputt'mg 
 the fort into their hands, agreeing to give a fuitable^ Jaghire to Tuljagee, Paying 
 the expence of the garrifon, and performing the fame as the Company expe£l from 
 Tuljagee (as I have propofed in my letter of the 22^ January), is not complying 
 with their fentiments, it is my misfortune * I It is my misfortune that the 
 
 Gentlemen 
 
 to the Nabob after the capture of Tanjore by the refpeave governors of thofe three nauons. 
 He had aftually concluded a treaty with the French. Large fums of money, an exclufive privilege 
 of trade, r.nd valuable territories, were to have been exchanged for a body of Europeans and a tr;iia 
 of .artillery. To the Du'cli he fold fome diftrias, mortgaged others; and fet afide the Suba of 
 Manu'rooay, for the exprefs purpofe of payinj; a body of troops, with which they were to fupply 
 him in his meditated war againll the Nabob. He mortgaged fome other dillrias to the Danes ; 
 and raifed money by thefe means from their fettlemeiit at Tanqucbar. The Dutch adually began 
 to aflemble tioops at Nigapatnam ; and their alliance with the Raja of Tanjore was openly 
 avowed by the Govetnor of Batavia, in a letter to the Nabob. All the fids ftaied in this note are 
 proved incontrovertibly, by original letters and papers annexed to the State of Fads relative to 
 Tanjore lately publilhed. 
 
 • I (hould be glad to know what wilt the Direaor;, who oppofed the figning of the orders for 
 rettoring Tanjore, fay to Lord Pigot's rcjeaing thefe propofals. How will thofe who fgned 
 them anfwer to their conftitucnts, their Sovereign, the Parliament, and the Nation, for their con- 
 dua'in this unhappy affair? What will the lenders in the India-Houfe fay, when called upon 
 to give an account of orders, which ftript a faithful friend of his dominions, and gave them to an 
 avowed enemy f Did not ten Diredors vote againll thofe orders j and one of them enter a fliong 
 lotefl agaiijit them .' Did not the orders lie two weeks oit the taolc before a fufficicnt number of 
 fienaturcs could be obtained f Did not feveral of thofe Dirtaors, who figned the orders, declare, 
 that they could only be induced to fign them, by the confidcration that there was other important 
 
 and
 
 t/v: 
 
 
 [ 39 ] 
 
 Gentlemen of the Company have not been acqiJainted with the free and full 
 flate of affairs, even fo nnich io, that they are afTiired that Tuljigce is at 
 Trichlnopoly. When his IVIajefty, the Parliament, and the Company fully 
 underftand the true ftate of affairs, they will approve of the conduft of their 
 ally and friend here, in hot confcnting to his own difgrace, and t!ie ruin of 
 the future interefl of the Company and the Eiighfh nation, by eftablifhing 
 his fubjefts in the Carnatic, which would be the foundation of many 
 troubles and difurders. I have fet forth, in my writing ro my friends the 
 Company, all my fituation and rights, and reminded them of their former 
 orders in regard to Tanjore ; and I do not expedl from them (who are men 
 of juftice) that I fhould lofe my rights. Your Lordfhip will not interfere (as 
 I have defired in my letter of the 22^ January lafl) in my management of 
 the country of Tanjore which belongs to me, till we hear further from tiie 
 Company. Why fhould not I lay before you the prejudice that will arife to 
 my affairs, fiiould I comply v/ith your defire ? for it v.'ould not only be at- 
 tended with the lofs of the Tanjore country, but with the total confufion of 
 my governmeiu. Therefore I again intreat your Lordfhip, in the name of 
 the King of Great Britain^ the Parliament^ and the Company^ that till yuu 
 receive a frefli order from the Company, you will not interfere in the ma- 
 nagement of the Tanjore country, and do me the favour to fpare the honour 
 of the oUefi and trueji friend the Englifli ever found in India. By (hew- 
 ing me this favour, and giving me leave to explain how much it is for the 
 good of the Company, that thofe rights fhould be fupported, your Lordfliip 
 will not only do me juftice, but gain the highelt approbation of your King 
 and Nation. 1 am, by the blefTing of God, the firft Prince in Hindoftan, 
 for the fupport of whofe right the King and Nation of Great Britain have 
 pledged the honour of their prote(3.ion and guarantee. 
 
 Your Lordfliip writes, that humanity to the wretched inhabitants, dif- 
 treifcd beyond meafure by the miferable ftate in which the country now 
 remains, without any eftablifhed government either of me or the Raja ; 
 juftice to the Raja, who is fcarcely better than a prifoner; and attention to 
 the public' honour, make it'abfjlutely necelTary to carry into immediate 
 effect the orders of the Company. 
 
 and necefTary bufinefs contained in the public letter ? As to the pretended approval, surrepti- 
 tiously OBTAINED, the Reader will find uiat mai-ter explained, in a manner not much to the 
 credit of fonae Perfons, in the Observations annexed to thefe Papers. 
 
 * F 4 The
 
 [ 40 ] 
 
 The miferable fituation, my Lord, of the Tanjore inhabitants, and thtir 
 deferting the country, proceeded from the cpprejjions of Tuljagee *, before 
 it came into my hands. No one opprefled the inhabitants more than he did, 
 and he poflcfiTcd himfelf of the fortune and cattle of many of thofe who 
 quitted his country, and pulled down their houfcs in hopes of finding mo- 
 ney buried under them. He did not, for feveral years, repair the water- 
 houfes, mounds, and tanks. After the taking of Tanjore, by fending my 
 fecond fon Ameer-ul-Omrah Behauder, by advancing money to the inhabit- 
 ants for bullocks for the cultivation of the ground, promifing to give 
 them their ihare of the produce, repairing the mound, water-courfes, &c. 
 I gave fuch encouragement to the inhabitants, that they returned from 
 Trivancore, Myfore, &c. The Cavery river, at the fame time, fwelled 
 more than it had done for ninety years before, and overflowed the country 
 to fuch an extreme, as to deftroy all the Paddy fields, and to break away the 
 mounds and water-courfes. Ameer-ul-Omrah Behauder himfelf went there, 
 and at the expence of many lacks and great pains, compleatly repaired 
 them, and twice made advance to the inhabitants of ready-money and Pad- 
 dy for feed, which prevented their ruin, and fet them again to cultivation j 
 which they performed in fuch a manner as had never been done in Tulja- 
 gee's time, as is well known to the whole world, now the crop is ripe, and 
 ready for reaping, and the time for the advantage of the inhabitants is ar- 
 rived, and for their giving my fliare and taking theirs ; but they have aban- 
 doned the country, by which it appears, that from the former opprcffions 
 of Tuljagee, they renewed their apprehenfions. 
 
 "VVhilft Tuljagee was in the cuftody of my fervants, he paflcd his time 
 tnore happily than during his own government, and I will not omit increaf- 
 ing his allowances according to your opinion. He has been in cuftody of 
 the Company's people fince their garrifon went into Tanjore. You wrote me 
 
 * Nothing could equal the diflrefs of the province of Tanjore during Tuljagee's govern- 
 ment. He extorted money by unheard-of tortures from the farmers. If he heard of a womaa 
 of beauty in any part of ihc country, file was forced from her hufband, her father, or her friends, 
 and fubmitted to his own lulls or thofe of the companions of his infamous plcafures. The peo- 
 ple fled from bis oppreflions to the neighbouring provinces, towns and villages were depopulated, 
 and dcfola'.ion and poverty covered the whole face of the country. When the Nabob got polTef- 
 fion, the confidence of the people in his jullice and humanity induced them to return. The 
 towns and villages began to be rebuilt; cultivatioa was revived; but the confufions of which 
 Lord Pigot complains, began afrelb, when it was known that Tuljagee was to be rcftored. 
 
 that
 
 [ 41 ] 
 
 that you repeat your requefl;, that I (hould give an order direfled to all 
 my Hamildars, &c. in the Tanjore country, to rclinquifh all manner of 
 authority when called upon by you fo to do, and to account with fuch per- 
 fons as you may name, for all Turns colleded in the Tanjore country, from 
 the day your Lordfhip delivered me the Company's order. From your 
 firft queftion on this fubje(ft, I have been uniform in my explanation of my 
 fentiments in regard to the country of Tanjore which is my right, and part 
 of the Carnatic, and I now make my requefl: to your Lordfhip as be- 
 fore, on this fubjed;. 
 
 The Nabob having flrenuoufly adhered to his rights. Lord Pigot came 
 to confer with him the day after the preceding letter was written. The con- 
 ference needs no comment. The mofl remarkable paflages are printed in 
 Italics, to call the attention of the reader. Among other matters of inform- 
 ation his Lordfliip (perhaps through inadvertence) makes the Nabob ac- 
 quainted with the true motives of his voyage to India. 
 
 Conference bet-jseen his Highnefs the Nnhch and Lord Pigot, dated loih March 
 iyj6,or z^th Mohumtm 1190 Hegira. 
 
 TJIS Lordfhip came to his Highncfs about ten o'clock this morning. Na- 
 bob Shaw Hammud Jung, Omdaht-ul-Omrah, Ameer-ul-Omrah, and 
 Syfel Mulk were prefent. His Lordfhip told his Highncfs, that his Hioh- 
 nefs promifed him, on his going to F>ngland, that he would not fliew fa- 
 vour to any other perfon or attend to any advice but his -, that he would 
 not fliew favour to the Governor and Council for the time then to comef, as 
 he had fhewn to him : That his Highnefs had not obferved this, and that 
 he (his Lordfliip) had heard that he had (hewn favour to the governors and 
 council, ai.d attended to the advice of bad people : That therefore his 
 Highnefs's bufinefs was in confufion : That his Lordfliip had formerly left his 
 Highnefs in tranquillity and honour, but that he was not fo now : That the 
 rafcals who had advifed his Highnefs to take Tanjore, now gave his 
 Highnefs hopes of keeping it, and bad advice alio. What good confe- 
 quence did his Highnefs find from their advice in taking Tanjore, that he 
 fliould expefl any from their advice now to keep it ? That he fliould not 
 
 ■J- The Governor meant was Mr, Talk, 
 
 G hope
 
 [ 42 3 
 
 hope that country (lioiild again b;; in his hands from the afTiHance of the 
 people of England. That when his Lordfhip formerly engaged in the 
 affairs of Tanjore, the faith of the whole nation was concerned therein * : 
 That when he formerly left this country, the kingdom of Enghmd was in a 
 gocd fitualicn : That after the late king died, his prcfent mo.jefty managed the 
 hufinefs of his kingdom very well, lived in pleafure, and gained viSlories : That 
 o.\'E BAD MAN caine, and gave his advice, therefore that the hufinefs of the 
 kingdom was ruined if, and the people of America were fallen into rebellion : That 
 the city had given a petition to his majejly ; and in the fame manner his Highnefs's 
 hufinefs was fpoilcd by the advice of bad people : That if his Highnefs did not do 
 the Tanjore hufinefs, the company would think him their enemy, and that he 
 aEled in oppafition to them, and had connexion with the king's people § ; That 
 he did not fay, that his Highnefs fliould not exprefs his rights, that he 
 might ftrongly explain them : That his Highnefs might fay, that the 
 Tanjore bulinefs had been done by the approbation of the governor and 
 council, and the king's two minifters, and that, notwithftanding, his High- 
 nefs had given up the country at the defire of the Company, which 
 would increafe their frienJfhip to him. 
 
 Ameer-ul-Omrah told his Lordfliip, that the Company might form fuf- 
 picions againft the Nabob, had he not put the Fprt of Tanjore into the care 
 of the Conipany, but that now he had done fo, they could have none.. 
 That the country was open, and that his Lordfliip might do what he want- 
 ed, h^j force 2i\-\d opprejfion ; but that the Nabob could not give his confisnt 
 to deftroying his own rights. His Lordfhip propofed the bufmefs of taking 
 Tanjore. His Highnefs anfwered, 1 did ; and the Company affifted me. — 
 His Lordfliip faid, it was his opinion, that his Highnefs had defired it, and 
 that the Company had done it. He further faid, that he had in England, 
 began the bufinefsof reftoring to the Raja his country, as his honour was con- 
 cerned therein ; that he was the beginner of this bufinefs |1, and would go to 
 
 • Th^t is in his treaty with Pertaub Sing in 1762. Tht nation knew nothing of the matter, 
 ami the So'vereign contradifled it in \.\\e guarantee of 1763. 
 X The kingdom is much obliged to his Lo.'dQiip. 
 
 fj A mighty crime truly for an ally of Great Eritain to have conr.ei^ion with the fervants of 
 the king of Great Britain. 
 
 |{ We iinow his Lord/hip was the firft mover in this bufinefs. We are no ilrangers to 
 his vifits to the India Houfc, and his proper applications to the Leaders of the then Court of Di- 
 tc£lon. Time has unveiled the intrigues and influence ufed upon the (ccafion, 
 
 * England
 
 [ 43 ] 
 
 England after he had finidied it -[-. That tlie bufiiiefs of this place was (o 
 hr confufed, that it could not be fettled by his hands ; and that, no doiibr, 
 it was of great prejudice to liim. 77jp.t the King and Parliament would do 
 him great injury on account of this lujinefs, and laould take his ejlate from him. 
 His Lordfliip faid, my ficuation is as when the General of an army picks 
 out fome men and fends them to ftorm a place ; though they are killed, it 
 is for the general advantage. — So I am going to Tanjore, and by ruining my- 
 felfX, I Iball eftablifh friendfliip between your Highncfs and the Company. 
 His Lordfhip further faid to his Highnefs, For God's fake fettle my bufinefs, 
 and give an order under your hand to the Hamildars of Tanjore. His 
 Lordlhip then ftood up, and reached a gum bottle, thinking there was ink 
 in it, and took a pen out o£ his pocket, and laid his hands on his High- 
 nefs's feet, and his Highnefs laid his hands on his Lordfhip's feet. The: 
 young Nabobs told his Lordfhip, that he was as a father to them, and 
 begged that he would fpare them in this bufinefs : that he had power and 
 might do what he pleafed. His Lordlhip perceiving that what he had faid 
 had not efFeft, fat down again, and told hi& Highnefs that he might be af- 
 fured, that the friendfliip between him and the Company would be leflcned^ 
 and that he (his Lordfliip) wiflicd to increafe it; and that the report which 
 had prevailed of his Highnefs's withdrawing his confidence from the Com- 
 pany, and placing it in the Minifler's and King's people m'\g)M he xtn-\ov(td ; 
 and that his Highnefs's gocdnefs and reputation' might be talked of. That 
 when his Lordfhip hau formerly dep.irted for Enj^land, his Hio-hnefs was a 
 great Prince-, and that when his'Highnefs ufed to go to Tanjcre, the Raja 
 fenr his fohs and other ambafTadors to him with prefents; and that when 
 his Highnefs went farther, the Kajas of Nailacoty, Tondyman, and other 
 Polygars, ufed to do the fame; but that if he was to go there now, ic 
 would be fome Conocoplys * bringing plantains that would come. That 
 his Highnefs faid, that he would lofe his honour, but that he (his Lordlhip) 
 faid it would be increafcd. His Highnefs got up in great concern, and went 
 into another room. His I ordlliip faid, that as fome people were bloivn up . 
 by the fpringing of a mine, fo fhould he, for that the King and the Par- 
 liament would cut off his head; and that his houfe would be deftroyed. 
 Neverthelefs, he would go and fettle the Tanjore bufinefs, as he had un--' 
 
 t Here his Lordfhip avows, that it was only to reftore Tanjore he went to India. 
 X Credat Judaeus. • Inferiour Sf rvantJ. 
 
 * G 2 dertaken
 
 [ 44 ] 
 
 dertaken ir, let what would happen afterwards : that his Highnejs might 
 remember this. Ameer ul-Omrah told his Lordfhip, that if a man had 
 commitced a fault, and was to have his heed cut off; if he aflied a little 
 time, it would be given to him. That the Nabob was a true friend to the 
 Company and the Englilh nation, and had done the Tanjore bufinefs by 
 the approbation of the Company, the Governor and Council, and now 
 waited for an anfsver from the fame Company, and now requefted, that his 
 Lordfhip would ftay till it arrived : that it %vas furprifing that his Lordfliip 
 would not agree to it. His Lordlhip faid, that if any delay happened in 
 this bufinefs, the people of England would think that he could not do it, 
 and would fend Mr. Ru-mbold here. — His Highnefs then returned from the 
 room, and his Lordfhip took a paper out of his pocket and (hewed it to 
 him. It mentioned, that the Nabob would not agree to the order about 
 Tanjore ; therefore that his Lordfhip was going there, and intended to fend 
 Sepoys there. His Highnefs faid, why will your Lordfhip fend Sepoys there? 
 that country belongs to yonr friend not to your enemy ! 
 
 The following is Lord Pigot's anfwer to the Nabob's letter of the 19th 
 March. His Lordfhip deferts the argument, and has recourfe to the pofitive 
 orders of his Mafters. 
 
 Copy cf a Letter from Lord Pigot to the Nabob, dated 22d March 177^. 
 
 To the Nabob. 
 
 T Have had the honour to receive your Highnefs's letter, dated the 19th 
 inftant, and after having paid the moft refpectful attention to every 
 argument you have been pleafed to enforce, I find myfelf obliged to 
 obferve, that the bufinefs of Tanjore has been well deliberated by my Maf- 
 ters, has been by them condemned, and their orders in confcquence were 
 not delivered to me, till after they had been laid before his Majcfty's Mini- 
 ftcrs fo: their approval *. 
 
 Let me entreat your Highnefs to call to your remembrance, the difficul- 
 ties you were able to encounter, when your friends power was united to 
 
 * Tlii:' prtienatd approval via /umptiticujly ohtaimd, upon a (late of fafts which thofe who 
 procured the orders imw to be fai.se. This impojiiion upon the Secre:3ry of State, is expofed 
 in the Ohftrvationt annexed to thefe Papers. 
 
 -6 your
 
 [ 45 ] 
 
 your own. — Remember that union was in the caufe of juftice, and in that 
 caiife only can they be united. What confcqucnces may attend even the ap- 
 pearance of a dil-uiiion ? 
 
 My iVIaflers gave you their fupport, when you were alike deflitute of 
 money and of power; they wiil continue their lupport to you, but the 
 public faith is pledged to the Raja of Tanjore'i-, as well as to your Hiohnefs ; 
 and the orders to me are, " i hat the country of Tanjorc lliall be atrain 
 " put into the poffeflion of the Raja." 
 
 What words fliall I life to induce your Mighnefs to make this your o-wn 
 a^, if all the arguments I have been able to U'ggeft have not had their 
 proper force -, and with what an aching heart, after aifling in concert with 
 you through fo many cifficultie?, fhall I now carry the Company's orders 
 into effed by ibeir authority alone? The world v/ilj juitify me in the obe- 
 dience 1 (lievv to the command of my Mailers ; and having never failed in 
 the part of friendlliip, in refpecJ, and in froprie'y of behaviour toivards 
 you*, I trufl: 1 (hail now (land excufed, after the preffing manner I have fo 
 often urged your Highnels to do that what is right and proper, as well re- 
 fpedling your intereft as your dignity. 
 
 I have the honour to be. 
 
 Your Highnels's moft obedient. 
 
 Fort St. George. and moft humble fervant, 
 
 ajd Match 1776. 
 
 (Signed) P I G O T. 
 
 The following is a full and fpiritcd anfwer to the above letter from Lord. 
 Pisot. 
 
 'ty- 
 
 t lie alli;dos to the treaty wlikh he himfelf m.rie with Perfnui Si>;g in the year 1762. 
 The treaty wa; forced upon the Nabch, as appears from his letter io Mr. P>got cf July i^ih 1762; 
 befides, the treaty terminated v\ith the l.te of Perfaui Sing ; and it had been broken Ly him, in' 
 all its article?. 
 
 • For the truth of this afTenion, the conferences printed in this colleaion are recommended, 
 to the peruf.J of the reader. 
 
 Trmf.alion
 
 [ 4'5 ] 
 
 Tranjlalion of a Letter from his Higbnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated ^.tk 
 Sapher 1 190 Hegira, cr ic^th Alarch 1776. 
 
 Flave, on the 25th inftant, received your Lordfliip's letter, dated the 
 22d March, and underftand the contents thereof. — Your Lordfhip 
 writes me, " that after having paid the moft rtfpeclful attention to every 
 " ar.'^nment I have been pleafed to enforce, you find yourfeif obliged to 
 " cblerve, that the bufincfs of Tanjore has been well deliberated by your 
 * Mafter?, has been by them condemned, and their orders, in confequcnce, 
 " were not delivered to you, till after they had been laid before his M.^jcf- 
 " ty's Minifters for their approval." 
 
 I have already wrote you, in my letter of the zid January, or 29th Ze- 
 caud, the bad condudl of Tuljagee; his requiring affiftance from the Mo- 
 rattas and Hyder Aly Cawn ; his felling the countries of Tanjore to the Dutch 
 and others, in order to obtain their afTiftance in defbroying the Carnatic and 
 my rights. This letter the Gentlemen of the Company have not yet re- 
 ceived, nor have they been informed that the countries of Tanjore, belong- 
 ino- to the Carnatic, were fold by Tuljagee to the Dutch, which he had no 
 ri^'ht to do ; then how could they give orders on this fubjefc .'' Were they 
 (after they were well informed on this fubjedt) to aflc my opinion, as I am 
 their old friend, and have a knowledge of ihofe affairs, and have a right i;i 
 them, I would agree that they decided juftly in this bufinefs ;■ but this is not 
 the cafe. When the Gentlenien of the Company, who have their repre- 
 fentatives in this country, are not informed of tlie (late of affairs here, how 
 carf I imagine that their orders have been approved of by the King's Mini- 
 fters ? In regard to the order which your lordfhip enforces, I have written 
 to your employers, who are my friends, and have left this bufinefs to their 
 juftice and enquiry, and wifli (through your favour) that you may not ob- 
 ffrudt my management in the Tanjore country, till you receive frcfh orders. 
 The revenues of that country are laid af:de for the payment of my creditors, 
 who lent their money for that bufinefs. 
 
 Your Lordfliip fays, " Let me intreat your Highrefs to call to your re- 
 " membrancc the difficulties you were able to encounter, when. your friend's 
 *' power was united to your ov/n ; remember that union was in the caufe of 
 
 " juftice,
 
 [ 47 ] 
 
 •* juftice, and In that caufe only can they be united. What ccnftquentes 
 «' muft attend even the appearance of a difunion ?" 
 
 I very well remember, that in the time of trouble my father afiifted the 
 Company ; and from the beginning of my connexion with them and the 
 Englifli nation, I have been their invariable friend, in adverfity as well as in 
 profperity, and have been joined in alliance with them ; and I am happy in 
 the recoUeftion of it. It is indeed very true, that my friends the Company 
 jiiftly remembered my former friendfliip, and gave me their afiiftance, through 
 their great favour to me •, and by the blefTingof God, as long as I live and 
 my pofterity remains, we will' afilfl: my be.t friends the Company, and we- 
 will not forget our obligations to ihem. I am deeply impreffed with the 
 friendfliip of the Company and the Englifh nation, and my heart is fo much 
 affefled by it, and the hope of its continuance in future, that I cannot ex- 
 prefs what I fliould feel from an appearance of its diminution. From the be- 
 ginning my friendfliip with the Company and the Nation, and theirs to me,-, 
 has been fo firmly eftabliflied and known to the world, that it can never be 
 diflblved. 
 
 Your Lordfliip fays, — " My Mafl:ers gave you their fupport, when you' 
 " were alike deflitute of money and of power ; they will continue their fup- 
 " port to you, but the public faith is pledged to the Raja of Tanjore, as ■ 
 " well as to your Highnefs ; and the orders to me are, that the country of 
 "Tanjore flaall be put into the pofTefTion of the Raja." 
 
 It is very true, that when my treafury and power were expended in thr 
 effijlance of my friends the Ccfnpany, they gave me their afllftance, for 
 which I and my fons are obliged to ihem. 1 have firm hope that they will- 
 continue it to me for ever, for they have flrongly promifed it to me in their 
 letters ; and I place my dependence on the royal letters and promiles of his. 
 Majefty, and upon his having included me in the Treaties with the other 
 crowned heads. 1 depend upon the letters of the Minifters, who have v/ritten 
 to me in the ftrongefl: terms on the part of his Majefl:y. I have already ex- 
 pjained to your Lordfhip in my letter of the 22d January, how far the pub- 
 lic faith was concerned in regard to Pertaub Sing, who broke it in his lifetime. 
 Tuljagee likewife broke it, though I have proved that he was net concerned. 
 m it. I have alfo in the firft paragraph of that letter given an anfwer in re-. 
 
 gard i
 
 [ 48 ] 
 
 t^ard to the order of your employers, wherein they defire the country of Tan- 
 jore to be given up to Tuljagee. 
 
 Your Lordfliip fays, *' What words fliall I life to induce your Highnefs to 
 " make this your czvn Aff, if all the Arguments I have been able to fug- 
 " gefl: have not their proper force •, and with what an aching heart, after 
 " having afted in concert with you through fo many difficulties, fliall I now 
 ■" carry the Company's order into elFecl by their authority alone ?" 
 
 1 can fcarccly fay any thing furiher to your Lordfliip, luving already fct 
 ■forth all the difficulty, lofs, and difgrace to me, which will attend your carry- 
 ing into execution this bufinefs in regard to Tanjore j and have begged, in 
 the 7iame cf the King, the Par!ia7nent, and the Nation, that your Lordfliip 
 would dcl.y it, till you have the frefli orders of the Company •, therefore am 
 at a lofs to exprefs to your LorJfliip what piin my heart leels, nor can I ex- 
 plain (in the manner that 1 ought) what I fuffer. 
 
 Your Lordfliip fays, " The world will juflify me in the obedience I fliew 
 " to the orders of my Mafl:crs ; and having never failed in the part of 
 " friendfliip, in rcfpeft, and in propriety of behaviour towards you, 1 trufl: 
 *' I fliall now Hand excufed, after the prefiing manner I have fo often urged 
 " your Highnefs to do that which is right and proper, as well refpeding 
 " your interell as your dignity." 
 
 Seeing the juflice of the Englifh nation, I hope that you will not adl 
 contrary thereto, and deftroy the rights of the old and firm friend to the 
 Company, and not hurt the honour of tie Ally cf the King of Great 
 Britain. 
 
 I am lure, that in fecuring my honour and my rights, which is jufl: the 
 fame as fecuring the honour of the King of Gn at Britain and the Englifli 
 nation, you will be clear in the eyes of his iVlajefty, v^ho is my prcteclor, 
 the Parliament, the Company, and the Englifli nation. 
 
 As it is well known to the powers of India, that his Majefl-y and (he 
 Company have promiied me tlieir fupport for ever, it will be ior your ho- 
 nour, that you fecure this reputation in tlie eyes of thofc powers -, I flrmiy 
 trufl:, that you wifl fliew me favour in fupporting my honour, and tliat you 
 
 § will
 
 [ 49 ] 
 
 will fhew friendfhip and good treatment to the invariable friend of tiic 
 Englifh nation. 
 
 On the 26th of March, Lord Pigot came to the Nabob, about ten of 
 the cloclc in the morning i and wrote the following paper, with his own 
 hand, and delivered it to his Highnefs, in the prefence of his five fons. 
 
 AS I am now going to Tanjore, I hope the Nabob will let- the little time 
 there is, be employed, in confidering which way I can execute the 
 Company's orders, the moft to his fatisfaflion ; and that when I come away 
 from Tanjore, he will be fo good as to let Nagif Cawn accompany me, as a 
 guard •, it will have a good appearance in the eyes of the world, and fliew 
 the faith and confidence Lord Pigot has in the Nabob's officers and troops." 
 
 Lord Pigot, the day after, fent to his Highnefs the following letter. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Lord Pigot to the Nabob, dated iph March 1^/6. 
 
 To the Nabob. 
 
 May itplcafe your Highnefs, Fort St. George, 2jth March iTj6. 
 
 HTHE honour Lhave in acknowledging the receipt of your letter of tlie 
 
 25th, gives me another opportunity of exprefiing my defire to execute 
 the orders of the Company, as conformably to your Highnefs's wifhes, as 
 the faith of my nation and my duty to my employers will admit. 
 
 I am, with the greatelt refped and cfteem. 
 Your Highnefs's moft obliged, 
 
 and moft obedient humble fcrvant, 
 
 (Sighed) PIGOT. 
 
 The Nabob, perceiving that Lord Pigot was refolded to carry into exe- 
 cution the orders with refpeft to Tanjore, made the offers contained in 
 the following letter, as his laft effort to fave his rights. 
 
 H Tranflation
 
 [ 50 ] 
 
 TranJIation of a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot^ dated pb 
 Saphur 1190 Hegira, or 2'ith March 1776. 
 
 T Have received your LordPiiip's letter, dated ajth indant or 6th Saphur. 
 I have already explained this bufinefs to your Lordfhip, by c /try means 
 in my pov^er, and I now again requeft, that I may no: be cbligtci to give 
 up my rights. Confidering my dependence on the nation, and the Gentle- 
 men of the Company, who are your mafters and my beft friends, I will (after 
 difcharging the debts which I contraded on accouriC of the Tanjore country, 
 and deducing the expences I have been at on account of that country, and 
 the Englifli garrifon which I received into the Fort) keep the revenues in my 
 po£ejfion, without expending onefrftiling of them, till the further order of the Com- 
 pany arrives. The ditFerence between your Lortliliip's intentions and mine 
 is this, your Lordfliip wifhes to do tliis bufmefs by force, and without my 
 confent, and I v/ant to delay it, till the Company's letter arrives from Eng- 
 land. Do me the favour to attend to this reprefentation of your old friend. 
 
 Lord Pigot, defpairing to induce the Nabob to relinquifli his rights, left 
 Madras on the 29th of March, to execute his defign of refloring the Raja, 
 in perfon. Having arrived at Cuddalore, and being plfafed with the con- 
 veniences, which the Nabob had ordered to be provided for him at every 
 ftage, he wrote to him the following letter. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Lord Pigot to the Nabobs dated 4th Jpril iTjS. 
 
 To the Nabob. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 T Will not offend with writing upon bufinefs, but I cannot avoid thanking 
 you for your great attention in writing to your Hamildars and fervants, 
 who have fupplied me upon the road with every thii)g neceflary. I am now 
 at Cuddalore, and fliall proceed on my journey in the afternoon. 
 
 I am, with great efteem. 
 
 Your Highncfs's 
 
 Cuddalore, moft obedient humble fervant, 
 
 4th April, 1776. 
 
 (Signed) PIGOT.
 
 [ 51 ] 
 
 The Nabob anfwered his Lordfhip's poliie letter, in the following 
 manner. 
 
 Trmjlation of a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigcty dated i ^th 
 Saphtir 1190 Ilegira, or cjth Jpril 1776. 
 
 T Have received your Lordfhip's letter, dated 4th inftant, wherein you men- 
 tion that you will not trouble me witli matters of bufinefs, but you cannot 
 omit thanking me for the great attention that has been paid you by my 
 Hamildars •, and that you leave Cuddalore that evening, with intention 10 
 proceed to 1'anjore. 
 
 I am an old friend to the Company and to you, and think without doubt 
 that your Lordfhip will neither fay nor do any thing that will give me pain. 
 I wrote to my fervants to prepare every thing thac might be neceflary to 
 your Lordfliip, and it was my duty to do fo. The thanks which your Lord- 
 (hip expreffes are returned on my part for your thinking yourfelf obliged. — 
 But I fliould have been glad If your Lqrdfliip had returned to me, from Cud- 
 dalore, inftead of proceeding from thence. 
 
 On the 6th of April, Lord Pigot arrived before Tanjore. He 
 encamped, for the night, on the glacis of the Fort; and, in the 
 morning, went privately to wait upon the Raja. He went, afterwards, 
 in ftate, with his whole fuite -, and as the Raja (havino- declared, 
 that had he the treafures of the Mogul empire his friend deferved theoi 
 all) complained of the want of money, his Lordfliip told him, that he 
 had brought all the moneyed men in the Company's diftridts to fee him. 
 This was a genteel method of fuggefting a loan to an unfortunate prince, 
 who had declared, fome weeks before, he had only twelve lacks in referve 
 and his family jewels. The fum was fmall ; but the ftoncs were valuable. 
 Notwithftanding the poverty of Tuljagec, his LordOiip was not wantincr in 
 paying him the refped due to his rank. He vifited him twice every day ; 
 yet the ceremony of the Reftoration did not come on till the nth of April,, 
 though his Lordfhip had arrived on the 6th. The intermediate time was 
 filled up with private conferences, for the fervice of the Company. During 
 this week of fufpence, the Nabob reminded his LordOiip in the following 
 letter, of fome late promifes he had made. 
 
 H 2 Tranflaticn
 
 [ 52 ] 
 
 Tranjlation of a Let I er from his Highnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated lOth 
 /Ipril I 776, or \oth Saphtir 1 190 Hegiia. 
 
 YOUR Lordfhip very well knows, that when it was agreed that the Com- 
 pany's garrifon (hould be employed in taking care of the Fore of Tan- 
 jore, and that a number of my troops fhould remain there, with Nagif Cawn 
 at their head, as Killidar, your Lordfhip and I were concerned, that the 
 troops there were fo much in arrrear,as wc apprehended that t4iey might mu- 
 tiny. Your Lordfnip then made me Jlrorg prcmifes, that you would not. 
 impede their receiving their pay out of the revenues of the country, accord- 
 ing to the Tunkas I had given them;, and you likewife ajfured me, that a 
 thoufand of my Sepoys fhould remain in the Fort, under the command of 
 Naoif Cawn, and defired tiiat I would withdraw the others •, and it was then 
 determined between you and me, that they fhould be cantoned at Cumbo- 
 conum, and receive their pay, according to the orders I had given, on the 
 revenues of that country. In confequence of this, I wrore to Nagif Cawn,. 
 ordering him to give afTurances to •the troops that they fliould receive their 
 pay out of the revenues cf the Tanjore country. This order I fhewed to 
 your Lordfhip, and you approved of it, and fent it inclofed in your letter to 
 Colonel Harper, to be delivered by him to Nagif Cawn, who accordingly 
 received it from the Colonel. NagifCawn is therefore bound to pay the 
 troops; and I have a great reliance on your Lordfhip to fhew me favour \n 
 this bufinefs, according \.o your promife, that I. may be clear of any, demands, 
 on me from the troops. 
 
 The following proclamation is a. matter of curiofity. Lord Pfgot founds; 
 the rellioration of the Raja, on a. treaty forced by himfelf, or the Nabob, 
 in 1762; as appears from the Nabob's letter of the 17th of July 1762. 
 The treaty was to continue in force, only during the life of Pertaitb Sing ; his 
 'LoT'l^w'^ very good friend. But his Lordfhip makes it here to fuperfedc 
 not only the pofterior orders of the Company, and the repeated annulments 
 of the treaty itfelf, but even the national guarantee, entered into by his 
 Majcfly, and approved by Parliament, 
 
 'Tanjore
 
 C 5S ] 
 
 TaHj'cre, nth Jpril iyy6. 
 T T is the right honourable Lord Pigot's orders, that the following procla- 
 mation, this day made public on the reftoration of the Raja to the Muf- 
 nuk, be read at the head of each corps, and explained to the Seapoys of the 
 different battalions at 7 o'clock. 
 
 By order, 
 
 (Signed) ROBERT WOOD, Aid de Camp. 
 
 The right honourable Lord Pigor, Prefident of the Council for affairs 
 of the Eaft India Company on the coaft of Choromandel, and go- 
 vernor of Fort St. George, &c. To all whom it may concern : 
 
 " Whereas a treaty was concluded in 1762, between the Nabob of the Car- 
 natic, and the Raja of Tanjore, to which treaty, tie Englip became guaran- 
 tee ; and whereas, in direSl violation of the above treaty^ the troops of the 
 Ealt India Company, at the inftigation of the /aid Nabob, did remove the 
 Raja from his government; the Had India Company difapprovino- the con- 
 duft of their fervants, have thought proper to require, that the Raja be 
 again rcftored ; and in virtue of the orders of the faid Company, all officers 
 civil and military, and all perfons under the prote<5iion of the faid Compa- 
 ny, are hereby required to conGder the Raja of Tanjore as again reftored 
 to the government of his country in the full extent of that government, as 
 at the conclufion of the treaty of 1762, and to give him all proper aid and 
 aHiftance -, dated in Tanjore, this 1 ith day of April 1776. 
 
 (Signed) PIGOT." 
 
 The Raja made his appearance a quarter before three in the afrernoon ;. 
 en his appearance on the parade, he was falutcd with 21 guns, and then was 
 carried round the capital ftreets, accompanied by the troops of cavalry, the 
 grenadier company of Europeans, the artillery two guns, and fix compa- 
 nies of grenadier Seapoys, his Lordfhip, &c. and on the Raja's return, he 
 went round the fquare, was faluted by all the officers as he went round ; on 
 his going in into the palace, a fecond falute and three volleys of fmall arms by 
 whole troops -, and at 8 o'clock at night, the Raja, in company with his Lord- 
 
 X ft'p>
 
 [ 54 J 
 
 (hip, Mefl". Dalrymple, Jourdan, Benfield, and Chambers, Colonel Harper, 
 captains Wood and Thomfon, fat at the couchery, and read the above procla- 
 mation in Maratty language, in the prefence of all the Madras merchants and 
 the people of that place; and then all the Madras merchants went with his 
 Lordfhip, Namid Moodu-Kiftnah, Chippermall Chitty, Chocapah Chitty, 
 Sunca Ramy Chitty, Arnachitte Chitty, Ganduvady Suly Chitty, Biigavan 
 Puntaloo, and Ballur Moodu Chitty, and alfo Sree Salupudy and Irfhippah 
 Chitty of Cuddalore, merchants; they all paid their refpefts to the Raja, with 
 the ufual Nazir of a few pagodas and few gold mohurs, and received Beetle- 
 nut and Rofewater as cuftomary : Thus ended the ceremony. It was re- 
 marked, that the day of Tuljagee's reftoration was one of the hottefl: in the fea- 
 fon ; yet Lord Pigot, in full drefs, was carried, without a hat, in an unco- 
 vered Palanqueen ; fuch was his zeal for the fervice! 
 
 Though Lord Pigot fpent many days at Tanjore after the Raja's refto- 
 ration, we do not find him employed in any very important bufinefs. He 
 ordered, it is true, one Cummerow, a man of krge property, to 
 be chabucked, or whipped on the public parade, for going to vifit the 
 Raja without previoufly alking his permiflion ; and he commanded, that a 
 poor fhipwrecked Dutch pedlar, fhould be bound, on his horfe, with 
 his face towards the tail-, and fo to be driven out of the town, forprefum- 
 ing to enter it, without his Lordfliip's leave. During thefe adts oifummary 
 jujlice, he wrote the following letter to the Nabob. 
 
 Copy of a letter from Lord Pigot to his Highnefs the Nabob., dated zoth 
 
 Jpril 1776. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 T Have had the honour to receive your two letters of loth April. It 
 would have given me great pleafure, if you had condefccnded to attend 
 to my advice when I was at Madrafs, as it would have made my journey to 
 thefe parts unneceifary. Be afTured, Sir, that I will do every thing in my 
 power to protcft your rights, and that I will never interfere m yctir bufmefs, 
 as you are pleafed to cxprefs yourfelf, but when that bufmefs is connected 
 with the intereft of my employers ; in fuch cafe, you may be afiured, that ' 
 2 flia!
 
 [ 55 ] 
 
 fliall always adl as appears to me proper, and as you are their old friend and 
 ally, I dare fay you will approve of my making ufe of your authority. 
 
 When I took my leave of you, I acquainted you I was going to Tanjore 
 to replace the Raja in his government, and put him in pofTeflion of his coun- 
 try by the authority and exprefs commands of the Company. I am forry to 
 obferve to you, that I found, as I pafled through the country, the proper 
 officers, with all the accounts, had been removed, by your orders, from every 
 village ; and 1 was foon informed, that every part of the country was in the 
 fame fituation. Every means had been taken to throw difficulties in my 
 way in th^ execution of the Company's orders, and to diftrefs the country 
 and inhabitants. In this fituation. Sir, I thought it the propereft method to 
 efcort the Dobeer hither by the Company's troop of cavalry. He is now 
 here, and having been at the head of the revenue department, formerly in 
 the fervice of the Raja, and lately in yours, if you will pleafe to order the 
 different Amildars and other officers to return to me with their accounts, 
 juftice may be done to every man, and the country reftored in that proper 
 and equitable manner which tlie world will expert from a friend and old ally 
 of the Company. 
 
 It is very true, Sir, that I, as well as every friend you have, and every 
 friend and well-wifher to the profperity of the Company, were, are, and 
 muft continue to be alarmed at the great arrears of pay due to your troops. 
 Perhaps, Sir, it might be made appear, that as much money has been col- 
 leded from the Tanjore country fince you were acquainted with the Com- 
 pany's orders *, as would have paid the troops of Najib Cawn, and gone a 
 great way towards difcharging the arrears due to the reft. If you turn back 
 to the letters which have been wrote to you, you will find that it was ex- 
 prefsly infifted upon, that an Engliffi garrifon fhould be put into Tanjore 
 and the Raja fet at liberty, without any terms f ; terms would have been dif- 
 graceful on that occafion. 
 
 I always thought that you and your managers had great merit in being 
 able to remove a body of troops to whom fuch large arrears were due, but I 
 
 • Th's is a miftake or mifieprefentaticn, as will appear from the Nabob's anfwer. 
 -}• The reader is requeflcd to look back to the Nabob's letter of the icth of April. It feejus 
 hh Lordftiip's promifes were veibal, and therefore not binding, 
 
 never
 
 [ 56 ] 
 
 never made you any promifes en the part of the Company * •, you know 
 well, they had direded the country to be rellored to the Raja. 
 
 There was one method, and but one which ever occurred to me, likely to 
 Fclieve you from that burdenfome debt due to your troops. I repeatedly 
 told you of it, and I will do fo now. It was, that if you would confent to 
 the difbanding thefe troops, or to the Company's enlifting into their fervice 
 Rich of them as I might chufe to accept of, I would ufe my endeavours 
 with the Raja ofTanjore-\ to fufier a part of the revenues of his country to 
 be applied co the purpofe of paying off their arrears ; but as this is what you 
 would not hearken to, I fee not at prefent how the Company can be of any 
 lirvice to you upon the occafion. I tell you again and again, that troops 
 ill-paid ivill always be the majlers of the man who employs them. Thofe 
 you have, if they do not difband themfelves, which I underftand fome of 
 them have done, muft be difbanded by your Highnefs, or you will be more 
 and more diftreifed. 
 
 I have the honour to be 
 
 Tar.jore, your Higlineis's mofl: obedient humble fervant, 
 
 aeth April 17:6. 
 
 (Signed) PI GOT. 
 
 Lord Pigot, having whipt Cummero, and bound the Dutchman on his 
 horfe, with his face towards the tail, applied himfelf to other atfairs of no 
 lefs importance. He ordered hoflile incurfims to be made into the Nabob's 
 other countries, to feize his fubjefts \>y force of arms^ and to bring them pri- 
 foners to Tanjore. The news of thefe outrages arriving at Madras, the Na- 
 bob addreffed the following letter to the Council. 
 
 * But his Lo.'diliip made promifes on his otvnfart. 
 
 f Icis pity his Lorddiip has not calleJ TuljagctA'.-Bf of Tanjore. lie haJ theauihoj'ty oUjis 
 Majlen for that appellation ; while, at the fame time, they dlvefted the Nabob of Arcot, in their 
 intliuflions to his Lorddiip, of the title of Highnefs bellowed upon him by ihtir onxn Majier, the 
 King of Great Biicain. They tall the Nabob only bis Exailcncy, an appellation ufurped by 
 every petty Polygar. 
 
 ^'ranjlation
 
 Tranjlation of a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob, to the Prefident, Governor 
 and Council of Madras., dated Z}fl April 1776, or 2d Rabbelowell 119a 
 Hegira. 
 
 T N the fulnefs of my heart I now write to you ! — I underftand, by a letter 
 from the Hamildar of Arrialore, that fixty European horfe belonging to 
 the Company, commanded by their officers, together with feme of the 
 Company's Sepoys, came from Tanjore, and having eroded the Covey and 
 Colleroon rivers, fuddenly entered Arrialore, which is in my country, and in 
 thediflridl of Trichinopoly ; they furrounded the houfeof Dubeer and But- 
 chenna, and others wy fervants, turned out by force my guard, and in their 
 place put an European one. They then carried away by force of arms, as 
 they would prifoners from an enemy's country, my people, together with 
 my papers to Lord Pigot to Tanjore *. The coming of thofe troops, which 
 are his Lordfbip's body guard, into my country in a hoflile manner, and 
 carrying away my people and my papers, which are my moft facred pro- 
 perty, hj force ; contrary to the friendfliip, faith and honour of the Com- 
 pany, who are protestors of my honour and dignity in my dominions, is 
 contrary to the Guarantee of the Englifh nation to me, and a violation of 
 the alliance of the King of Great Britain with me. Such a violent proceeding- 
 has not only deftroyed the peace of my country and my authority as Sove- 
 reign, but has alfo been prejudicial to the honour of the whole Englifh na- 
 tion. — My fubjedls are all afioni/hed ! and fuch confufion has been thrown 
 into my affairs, as Prince of this country, as I cannot pofTibly explain. I 
 cannot now know what is my right, or v/hat is not ; nor in what 1 have or 
 have not authority ; nor how I can give the people of my country fupport ! 
 You, Gentlemen, very well know, that I am unacquainted with the extent 
 of Lord Pigot's powers in this bufinefs ; but I truft, that my friends, the 
 Englifh, will fupport my authority in my rights, as a Sovereign, as an ally 
 to the King, and a firm friend to the Company ; and that they will fatisfy 
 me in their juftice. 
 
 • This is the outrage which the Supreme Council at Bengal fay, in their letter of May icth 
 to ihe Prefidency of Madras, requires explanation ; as being " .T violation of the independent 
 •' rights of the Nabob of the Larnatic; in uliich character iWahommed Ali Cawn is .-i.ckno«- 
 " ledged by the treaty of Paiis, and is not warraritv-d by tlie Company's otder'." 
 
 i I am
 
 [ 58 ] 
 
 I am To afflidl'-d in my heart, that I am not able to fay any thing more to 
 you on this fubje(5t. 
 
 The outrage complained of in the preceding letter, is more particularly 
 fpecified in tlie following. 
 
 Tranjlatiori cf a Letter from Conarirow H amildar of Arrialore belonging to the 
 Sub ah of 'Trichinopol)\ to his Uighnefs the Nabob, dated ii^d Sheeffre 1190 
 Hegira, or i^th Jpril 1776, receited lyth April. 
 
 /^N this day, being the 23d SheefFre, about twelve o'clock at noon, there 
 ^'^ fuddenly came here from Tanjore, fixty European horfe belonging to 
 the Company. Narrow Pundet Dubier and Butchana, fervants to the Cir- 
 car, were here. The Europeans rode up to the door of the houfe in which 
 they were and difmounted. The comm.anding officer, a Deebah and a. 
 Brahmin went into the houfe, where the Deebier and Butchana were, and 
 God bioias vjh.J they faid. The commanding officer fome time after 
 came out of the houfe, and obliged to come out the Sepoys of the Circar, 
 who were with the Deebier as a guard, and placed an European guard on 
 the houfe. No one was permitted to go in or out ; and it is reported, 
 that as foon as it was night, the European horfe went off for Tanjore, and 
 carried prifoners with them, the Deebier and Butchana, together with their 
 papers. I will inform your Highnefs of what may further happen. 
 
 The following is the copy of a letter from Lord Pigot, to Major Mar- 
 tinz, who commanded the Nabob's troops at Tanjore, before that place was 
 given up to the Raja. 
 
 Major Martinz, 
 
 SIR, Tanjore, 2ijl April 1776. 
 
 T Received from Captain M'Kenzie, a letter of the 1 5th, inclofing a 
 reprefentation which you had made to hira ; and I anfwcred his letter \n 
 fuch a manner, as I thought would have pi evented any inconvenience of 
 the kind you mentioned. This letter muft have mifcarried ; I therefore fend 
 him another copy, and I have directed him to releafc your people. Your 
 own prudence will (hew you, how difficult it will be to prevent difputes 
 
 anling.
 
 " i 59 3 
 
 arrifing, whilft any of the troops of the Nabob remain in parts of the Tan- 
 jore country, where the Raja's fervants are proteded by the Company, in 
 the coUedion of the Revenues -, as fuch difputes would doubtlefs give the 
 Nabob much uneafinefs. You will therefore pleafe to confidcr this asfiiffi- 
 cient authority to remove without the limits of Tanjore. I am, 
 
 SIR, 
 
 Your mod obedient humble fervant, 
 
 (A Copy.) PI GOT. 
 
 Major Martinz, Commandant for the Nabob at Tanjore, had ferit the 
 following fpirited paper to Lord Pigot. 
 
 Trmjlation of a Paper fent by Major Martinz. 
 
 A S your Lordfliip has not brought any order from my mailer for me to give 
 up my power and an account of the revenues-of this country to your Lord- 
 fhip, I cannot obey your Lordfhip's orders ; but I, as well as all the world, 
 know that there is great friendlhip between the Eaft India Company and my 
 Mailer; therefore I cannot oppofe your Lordfhip. I know very well that the 
 Nabob my Mailer would be difpleafed if 1 conduced myfelf improperly to- 
 wards the Company's people, and it is always his order to his fervants to confi- 
 der his honour and the Company as the fame. His fervants, therefore, ftridly 
 attend to this order. If any thing fliould happen contrary to the intereft of 
 my Mailer, your Lordfhip is anfwerab'e; and I declare publickly, in his 
 name, that it is contrary to juftice, and the intention of his Majefty the King 
 of Great Britain, who is Protedlor to my Mafter, and contrary to the in- 
 tention of Parliament and the Englifh nation, that your Lordfhip is going 
 to opprefs him. 
 
 Major Martinz, Commandant for the Nabob in Tanjore, wrote from 
 .mma 
 April. 
 
 Amma Chattram the following anfwer to Lord Pigot's Letter of the 2ifl 
 
 I 2 Copy
 
 [ Co ] 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Major Martinz to Lord PJgot, dated lid Jpril 1776. 
 The Right Honourable Lord George Pigot. 
 
 May it pleafe your Lordlhip, 
 
 T Acknowledge the honour of your Lordfhip^s letter to me, and I am glad 
 to find that your Lordfhip has taken into confideration tlie unjujl confine- 
 ment of the Subadar, 
 
 Your Lordfhip has been pleafed to order, that I fhould move without the 
 limits of ! anjore as it would be difficult to prevent difputes arifing whilft 
 any of the Nabob's troops remain in any part of the Tanjore country, where 
 the Raja's fervants are protedled by thofe of the Company in the collection 
 of the revenues. 
 
 I beg leave to reprefent to your Lordfhip, that at the time I was ordered 
 to march out of Tanjore, a garrifon was then under my command, confiding 
 of about five thoufand men, who were many months in arrears of pay. His 
 Highneis the Nabob wrote to me, that the whole fhould, without the leafl 
 doubt, be paid at Combaconum, and that your Lordfhip had agreed to the 
 fame*; in confequence of which, as likewife by a prudent method, the gar- 
 rifon marched out ; and now I find myfelf much difappointed, and in a very 
 difagreeable fituation» 
 
 In a letter which the Nabob v?rote to me, dated the gift of March, I am 
 acquainted that after your Lordfhip's arrival at Tanjore, and a 1 the country 
 matters were fettled, the troops under my command, diiperfed about the 
 country, were to join n^e at this place, in order that the whole might be 
 paid off, ycur Lcn<fhip havhg fo iromijcd; and that I was to remain here 
 until further orders : therefore fhould I march from hence wkhout orderj, 
 fuppofing that riie troops would accompany me, (which I duubt much with- 
 out firft being paid ofi^) though authorifcd by your Lordfliip, 1 might be 
 blamed by the Nabob, and perhaps my commiffion taken from me. I- will 
 
 * There was feme 'Jefuitry in this aflair. A promife was made, but as it was made by Lord 
 Pigot and not by tiic Prejidcnt of Madra«, it Was evaded ; befides, the promife was merely verl/aL, 
 and thtrsfort not binding. 
 
 4 , immediately
 
 [ 6i ] 
 
 immediately acquaint his Highnefs the Nabob-, until fuch time that I am 
 able to get an anfwer, beg leave to remain ; iikewile it will be fome few days 
 before all my people conic in from the different parts of the country to join 
 me. 
 
 I muft further beg leave to reprefent to your Lorddiip, that from the time 
 that each province or each village was put into the reftored Raja's poffeHion 
 by the protedtion of the honourable Company's forces, not a man belong- 
 ing to his Highnefs the Nabob has oppofed, prevented, or^ interfered, in 
 the colkding of the revenues, or the fettling of the country matters. 
 
 • .... - .:cj[ 
 
 The protection of the honourable Company to the reftored Raja, cannot 
 exceed thac to his Highnefs, as every one is well convinced of the allia:ice 
 and friendlhip that has and will exifl: between them. 
 
 As the Nabob wrote to me that the troops under my command (liould 'oe 
 paid off before I fhould be ordered to march, it being your Lordfhip's in- 
 tentions, I beg to know, and have to requefl: of your Lordfhip, what mea- 
 fures are to be taken on this head. I had an order on this country for the 
 payment of the troops, but the change of government has put an entire 
 flop to its being paid. 
 
 Myfelf, as well as other European officers, have been at the expence of 
 luUding* and repairing quarters, when in the garrilbn of Tanjore, the lift 
 of which was fent to his Highnefs the Nabob, amounting to 7000 pagodas, 
 who has been pleafed to fend up an order on this country for its payment, 
 but it has likewife been put a ftop to. 
 
 I (hould not trouble your Lordlhip with fuch a long epiftle, but knowing 
 yourL.ordfliip's good inclinations towards giving juftice toevery individual, has 
 been the reafou of my b«ing fo bold j and fo far from thiaking your Lordlliip 
 
 * Many of ,hofe officers were forced to remove from hoafes, their cum property, by the violence 
 of his- Lordfliij, ; particularly Mr. S.ilmon paymader for the Nabob at Tanjore, though lyinj^ in 
 bed of a dangerous illnefs, was turned out of a houfc he hicifeif had built. 
 
 will
 
 [ 62 ] 
 
 will take it amifs of me, that L hope, and make no doubt, but that it will 
 meet with your Lordfhip's approbation. 
 
 I have the honour to be 
 
 with the greateft refpeft, 
 
 2, Amma Chattram, My LoRD, 
 
 pn 22 , 1,7 . Your Lordfliip's moft obedient, 
 
 and moft humble fervanf, 
 (Signed) 
 
 The Nabob complains, in the following letter, of the hojiile incurfions 
 made into the territories of the Carnatic, by Lord Pigot's orders ; under 
 the falfe pretence of the diftridts invaded being a part of the province of 
 Tanjore. 
 
 'Tranjlc.tion cf a Letter from his Hlghnefs the Nabob to Mr. Stratton *. Dated 
 April 2'jth 1776, or %th Rabelc-well 11 90 Hegira. 
 
 T Have, in my letter of the 2d Rabelowell, explained to you my uneafinefs 
 of mind ; 1 am now informed that the Company's Sepoys are marched 
 to take poflefiion of fome diftrids of Ramnade and Shevagunga, on the 
 groundlefs reprefentations of Tuljagee, who fays tiiat they belong to Tanjore. 
 The countries of Ramnade and Shevagunga never depended on Tanjore, 
 but were diftinfl countries ; but fome time fince, in the government of Mr. 
 Du Pre, Tuljagee Cprefuming on his power) took poiTcflion of fome diftrids 
 of thofe countries, for which he was punilhed ; and he gave it under his 
 hand, that he would not in future take any fuch liberties : therefore I am 
 jkjw very much furprifed, that the Company's people fhould march into thofe 
 countries on the fah^e reprefentations of Tuljagee. Before Lord Pigot let 
 out for Tanjore, I fent orders to the Hamildars in that country not to oppofe 
 any one f.nt by his Lordfhi[). Though my people were very numerous, they 
 gave no oppofition, even to fingle guards of the Company's Sepoys fent by 
 hisLordfhip, though they treated them worfe ihzn enemies would have done, 
 and put my principal people in prifon, who quietly ftibmitted to it. The 
 countries of Ramnnde and Shevagunga by no means depend upon Tanjore, 
 as is known to every one -, therefore 1 fent no orders to my Hamildars in 
 
 • The aiTting governor, during Lord's Pigii's abfeiicc fiom Madras. 
 
 8 Ramnade.
 
 [ 63 ] 
 
 Ramnade. I therefore reqiicfl: that you will inform me what orders I am to 
 fend to my Hamildars there, in this bufinefs. 
 
 Nigif Cawn, the Nabob's military governor at Tanjore, wrote the following 
 fenfible letter to his Mafler, concerning the hoftilities committed by Lord 
 Pigot. He informs him by report, that the outrages complained of in the 
 preceding letter were intended by his Lordll:iip. 
 
 Tranjlalion ef n Letter from Nigif Cawn to his Highnefs the Nabob. Dated 
 ii^th Saphur, Monday i^th Jpril 1776. 
 
 A FTER a great deal of trouble, I CiQuld not obtain more than a hundred 
 and ninety bullocks, and I very much wanted to go to Arrialore. Ihele 
 bullocks I divided amongft your Highnefs's fervants, by giving to each of 
 them one or two. This day the Coinpany's troopers who went to Arrialore, 
 returned, and brought with them, by/wrd-, the Debir, Bachannah, &c. and 
 others of your Highnefs's fervants to Tanjore. Lord Pigot is gone to Vel- 
 lum, and lad night the Killedar there wrote to me to know what he was 
 to do, I wrote him in anfwer, that we were fo fuuated that matters were 
 carried on by force, and fhould he be turned out by force., he fliould go with 
 his people to Arrialore. People fay that Lord Pigot wants to take Chiva- 
 gunda, Ramanade, and other forts in that neighbourhood by his own power, 
 on which he places q^xtit value -, and it is my opinion that it is not far from 
 his intention. Your Highnefs, therefore, does well, in filently expelling 
 juflice from his Lordfhip's Mafler * for his violent proceedings, God is your 
 fupport, and you may expedl juftice without uneafinefs, from his Lordfliip's 
 Mafter, for all will end well. I have not yet heard that Nizam Udein Cav/n 
 has left Cumbeconum. The Company's people have got poflelTion of the 
 villages in this neighbourhood, and have, no doubt, before this poirefl';;d 
 themfelves of all the country. 
 
 The following letter from Major Martinz to the Nabob contains the 
 particulars of the hoililities committed by Lord Pigot's orders, at Cambe- 
 conum. > 
 
 * The Kin^ of Great Britain. 
 
 To
 
 [ 64 ] 
 
 'To bis Highnefs the Nabob fFalleJawl 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 
 T Am forry to acquaint your Highnefs, that yefterday the 14th inftant, as 
 I was at the Cutchery, with Nizam Mooddein Hummed Cawn, and fe- 
 verai of the horfemen, a company of the Honourable Company's Sepoys, 
 who in the morning arrived at Combeconum, and halted at the Palace-gate, 
 came about twelve o'clock at noon into the Cutchery and faid, that it was 
 Lord Pigot's orders delivered to him, by Captain M'Kenzie, that he, the 
 Jemidar, fhould apprehend the head manager of Combeconum., and make 
 him tye the Zorran ; and alfo beat the Zom Zom, and publifh through the 
 town, that henceforth no orders from your Highnefs, or any of your 
 Highnefs's fervants, were to be obeyed in the country. The manager was 
 at this time in the garden, and whilft the Jemidar was talking to me, four 
 Seprys had feized upon him, and were pulling him away by force. — We 
 remonftrated with them, and told them, that we had received no orders from 
 your Highnefs concerning fuch proceedings ; and that we could not give 
 our content thereto : To whicli the Jemidar replied, that fuch were his 
 orders, and that he muft comply with them, whether we choofed or not. 
 We then told him, that all the world knew the friendfliip that fubfifted be- 
 tween the Honourable Company and your Highnefs ; and that your High- 
 nefs would be very much difpleafed, fliould we offer any violence, offenfive 
 or defenfive to the Honourable Company's fervants, on this or any other 
 cccafion, and declared that it was a palpable violence done againft your 
 Highnefs •, and that they, the Company's fervants, were to be anfwerable 
 to your Highn-fs, for all the damages that miglit occur from fuch proceed- 
 ings. The lemidar returned for anfwer, that it did not concern him, but 
 that he mufi: comply with his orders; on lb faying, the manager was pulled 
 away by four Sepoys from our prefence. A little while after, the Zoran 
 was tyed, and the above-mentioned publication made through the town. 
 
 About half after fix at night, Captain M'Kenzie with a battalion of the 
 Honourable Company's Sepoys arrived, and with him one Hiffindrow, a 
 head Renter appointed by he Raji for that dillrid. The faid Captain came 
 to the Cutchery, and told me and Nizam Moodeen Hammed Civvn, that 
 it was Lord Pigot's pofitivt- ordi-rs to him, to march to Combeconum with his 
 battahon, to take the faid Hiffindtow, ajid to fee him placed and eltablifhcd 
 
 head
 
 [ 65 ] 
 
 Head Renter of this diftrifl ; and that the Cutcherv was to be cleared ofF 
 for him immediately, and that we might go where we pleafed. — We told 
 Captain M'Kenzie, that we were placed in our different ftations by your 
 Highnefs, and that we could by no means willingly confent to their pro- 
 ceedings. Captain M'Kenzie replied, that fuch were his Lordfhip's orders, 
 and he was obliged to obey : adding, that we mud leave the Cutchery. We then 
 told him, that we and all the world knew, the friendlhip and alliance that fub- 
 fubfifted between your Highnefs and the Honourable Company and the Eng- 
 lilh Nation -, and that your Highnefs would be exceedingly difpleafed were we 
 to offer any violence, offenfivc or defenfive, againfl any of the Honourable Com- 
 pany's fcrvants ; and that this proceeding was an unjiift violence againfl your 
 Highnefs, contrary (as we imagined) to the will of his Britannic Majefly ; and 
 that we therefore expefted his Lordfhip would be anfwerable to your High- 
 nefs, for any damages that might occur, from our being forced away from 
 our flations in this country by his Lordfhip, without your Highnefs's 
 order to us. We then went away from the Cutchery, and the faid HifTan- 
 drow fat and took pofTefTion of it, where crowds of the inhabitants af- 
 fembled. 
 
 I fhall do myfelf the honour to acquaint your Highnefs of any thing clfc 
 that may happen. I have the honour to be. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 
 Your Highnefs's moft obedient, moll 
 
 humble, and moft faithful fervant, 
 
 Amma Chattram, (Signed) M. MartiNZ. 
 
 April 15, 1775. 
 
 The following letter to the Nabob, is on the fame fubjed. 
 
 Tranjlation of a Letter from Nizam Udeen Jchmed Cawn at Cambeconum, to his 
 Highnefs the Nabob, dated 24th Souffee, or 14th April 1776. 
 
 AT feven o'clock this evening, fome Hircarrahs belonging to Tuljacrce 
 came to PapanafTy, and with them were fifty Sepoys. Upon beino- 
 afked who they were, the Sepoys anfwered, that they belonged to the Com- 
 pany, and were come with orders to the Hamildars, for them to deliver 
 up to them the pofTefTion of the PapanafTy country. The Hamildar told 
 them, 1 am the Nabob's fervant, what bufinefs have I with your orders ? 
 
 K Upon
 
 [ 66 ] 
 
 Upon this the Sepoys feized the Hamildar, his Pifiicar and Ameen, and 
 carried them to the Cutchery, where they confined them under a guard. 
 I hear that one battalion of Sepoys and two Guns have marched from the 
 Fort of Tanjore for Cumbeconum, and that they are advanced half the 
 way. I have given notice to all the Hamildars, and now write this for your 
 Highnefs's information. 
 
 The writer of the following letter is a foreigner and not mafter of the 
 Englilh language. Some further hoftilities committed by Lord Pigot. 
 
 Co'py of a letter from John Henry Pickard to his Highmfs the Nabob, dated 
 
 i^th Jpril 1776. 
 
 His Highnefs the Nabob Waiclcugaiee, ^c. (Jc. ^c. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 
 I Make bold to acquaint your Highnefs, that the 13th inftant I was or- 
 dered by Major Martinz, to go to Mayavaram, and there to ftay by the 
 four companies of my battalion, and to be in conjundion with Albrur Cawn 
 Cawnfahii, in cafe the Company's troops were to come and drive us out of 
 the country, that wc fliould by no means make any refiftance againft them. 
 With this orders I arrived here the fame evening, and this morning at 
 8 o'clock, one guard and three Arcars came into this place. I fend my 
 adjutant Zemindar, to aflc them where they come from, and where they was 
 to 00 to, and whom people they were. They made anfwer to my Zemindar, 
 that they came from Tanjore, and they belong to the Raja, and fo they went 
 on to the Hamildar houfe ; and CawnSaib here had a guard over the Amul- 
 dar of my people, and he had fend for him feveral times, but he did not 
 come; but when thofe guard from Tanjore, and the Arcars came to him, 
 he then got up and came to Cawn Saib with my guard and the others along 
 with him. Cawn Saib and I, we both afked tlie Havildar of the guard and 
 the Arcars whoms people they were, they made anfwer the Raj I's, and the 
 Arcars had an open paper in their hands, which they fliewed to Cawn Saib, 
 but it was for the Amildar from the Raja, wherein he defires him to keep 
 the rent from this country for him, and not to pay a lack more to your 
 Highnefs. Cawn Saib and I then made anfwer, that we knowed nothing 
 about the Raja of Tanjore, but your Highnefs was our mailer, and the 
 
 country
 
 [ 6; ] 
 
 country and revenues belonged to your Highnefs, and the fame Amildar 
 or Renter was yours, lb that we did not know any thing about the 
 Raja at all, fo they might go where they pleafed ; as for the Amildar and 
 country they had nothing to do with it. Upon that the Arcars wanted to 
 talk more ; Cawn Saib then told them, that he had nothing to do with 
 them, they fhould go about their bufinefs, if not he would drive them 
 away ; upon that the Ha\^ildar of the guard faid, that they were Company's 
 people, were fend by Lord Pigot's orders with this Arcars, to take poflcf- 
 fion of this country for the Raja, and they belonged to Captain Mackenzie 
 battalion, and their captain would come to-morrow or next day with the 
 battalion. Cawn Saib and I then told the Havildar, Very well, if you are 
 Company's people, and fend by Lord Pigot's orders, we will not mattel 
 with you, but that we cannot leave (he country without an order from our 
 mafter, and we will immediately write to the Nabob about it, and likewife 
 to Major Martinz, and if we do get an order from them, that we fliall ^ive 
 the country up to you, we then will doit, but before we cannot; and if your 
 captain comes with his battalion and drives us away by force, we then can- 
 not help ourfelves ; but muft go, as the Company and Nabob are in very 
 great alliance together, we muft fuffer to be drove away without refifbance ; 
 but hoping that Lord Pigot, or who comes to drive us away in his name,- 
 will be anfwerable to the Nabob for all the lofs and ill-treatment. Upon 
 that the Havildar faid nothing for Ibme time, after that they wanted to 
 take the Amildar away, out of Cawn Saib's houfe, in order they might ^o 
 and tye the Turane for the Raja; Cawn Saib then told them again, I have 
 told you before, that this Amildar is in the Nabob's fervice, and Amildar 
 of this country, and great quantity of accounts in his charge. I therefore 
 cannot let him go with you. If you have orders from your mailer to make 
 force with us here, or to take the Nabob's renters by force, that is indied 
 more than ever is heard of as yet. In the mean time, one Nagues o-uard 
 more came to join the Haviidars guard, and when the two guard o-ot to- 
 gether in Cawn Saib's houfe, the two Amildars were fitting clofe by Cawn 
 Saib, when they laid hold of them and pooled both the Ainildaraway from 
 Cawn Saib, which was 3 o'clock in the afternoon, and fo they be^un to eve 
 new Turns in the Raja name. I humbly beg your Highnefs pleafes^ to be 
 fo kind and fend me an order what I am to do in this cafe, to be drove away 
 
 K 2 out
 
 [ 68 ] 
 
 out of the country by two guards of Sepoys ; fo I beg leave to remain with 
 the greateft refped. 
 
 Your Highnefs's 
 
 Mayararum, "10^ devoted, moft dutyful, 
 
 15th April 1776. moft obedient and moft humble fervant, 
 
 John Henry Pickard. 
 
 The fame apology with regard to the language muft be made for the 
 following letter from the fame officer. More hoftihties. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from John Henry Pickard to the Nabob, dated 16 th Jpril iyy6. 
 
 To his Higbnefs the Nabob Waulaiijah, i^c. ^c. ^c. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 T Have done myfelf the honour yefterday to acquaint your Highnefs of 
 what has happened here. Now I make bold to lay before your High- 
 nefs's feet, that laft night one company more of the Company's troops ar- 
 rived here, and there has been one Amildar, which the two guards yefterday 
 did not take ; but this morning, after that company is came here, they have 
 fend four guards to his houfe, and brought him prifoner to the Cutchery ; 
 and after that, they fend one guard to Abrai Cawn Cawnfaib's houfc, to take 
 away all the Circar's accounts •, and is Ihorr, they fend ail round about, to 
 catch all the Sarcars, Mufladirs, and all the writers, and Abrai Cawn Cavvn- 
 faib 1 he is afraid that they will lay hold upon him very foon, if he ftays 
 here any longer, he therefore has defired me to march to Amma Chetrum, 
 as foon I do get my people together, which I told him that I cannot do, or I 
 cannot leave this place without an order from your Highnefs, or elfe from 
 my commanding officer. Major Martinz. I have likewife been informed, 
 that Lord Pigot has fend the European troop and two companies of Sepoys 
 to Argalore •, and they have carried the Dubin prifoner to Tanjore, and this 
 morning one officer and one company of Sepoys is gone by here to Shealy, 
 and Good knows how fuon they do drive me and my people out of this 
 place, as the Bramineys have this day drove the butcher out of the place, 
 who has been here ever fince our people have been here. This is the way 
 they do go on with your Highnefs, and that in your Highnefs's own country. 
 
 I am
 
 [ 69 ] 
 
 I am indeed at a lofs to know your Highnefs's kind pleafure, I therefore 
 humbly beg your Highnefs to honour me with your kind orders j {o 1 beg 
 your highnefs's kind leave to remain with the greateft refpedl. 
 
 Your Highnefs's 
 Mod devoted, moft dutiful, moft obedient, 
 Mayarariim, and moil humble fervant, 
 
 l5ih April 1776. 
 
 JOHN HENRY PICKARD. 
 
 The Nabob fent the following anfwer to Lord Pigot's letter of the 20th 
 of April; a very fpirited letter! it overturns his Lordfhip's arguments, 
 and accufes him of breaches of verbal promifes. 
 
 Tratijlatiofi of a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated lotb 
 Rabbelowell 1190 Hegira, or 2^th April iy]6. 
 
 v/OUR Lordfhip's letter of the 20th inftant, written in the Englifli lan- 
 guage, has been prefented to me. I am in forrow ; but fo much of the 
 meaning as I underftand, I will anfwer. 
 
 Your Lordfhip fays, " It would have given me great pleafure, if you had 
 " condefccnded to attend to my advice when I was at JMadras, as it would 
 " have made my journey to thcfe parts unnecefTary." 
 
 From the beginning of my firm friendfhip with the Company and the 
 Englifh nation, I have always taken the advice of the deputies of my beft 
 friends, as they proteded my honour and rights ; but when their advice was 
 repugnant to ray honour and intereft, I then explained to them my fitua- 
 tion. Your Lordfhip well knows, that after your arrival, when I underftood 
 the Company's order, which you brought out, relative to that country, I 
 agreed cheerfully to receive the Coiiipany's garrifon, though I was fenfible 
 that the order had been given .by the Gentlemen in England, from their 
 want of information * in the true (late of affairs here. This I always uniformly 
 reprefented to you, and very earneftly lequefted your permilTion to lay be- 
 fore the Company the true ftate of affairs, and that you would delay inter- 
 fering in my rights, till the Company had confidered this bufmefs, and 
 given their anfwer. Notwithftanding this would not have been of any pre- 
 
 * This has been fully and repeatedly explained, 
 
 judice
 
 [ 70 1 
 
 judice to the Company, your Lordfhip would not agree to it, but feemed 
 inclined en going yourfdf to Tatijore *. I repeatedly told you that a fingle 
 Peon belonging to the Company would be fufficient for that bufinefs, oe- 
 caufe my people had my orders againft giving any oppofition to the Com- 
 pany's people, therefore that yo'ur going was unnscejfary f . 
 
 You fay, " Be afiured. Sir, that I will do every thing in my power to 
 
 " prorecl your rights, and that I will never interfere in your bufinefs, as 
 
 " you are pleafed to exprefs yourfelf, but when that hufinefs is connefted 
 
 " with the intereil of my employers ; in fuch cafe you may be aflured that I 
 
 " will always a£t as appears to me proper, and as you are their old friend 
 
 " and ally, I dare fay that you will approve of my making ufe oi your au^ 
 
 " thority."' 
 
 I thank you for your good difpofition to protefl my rights, and not to in- 
 terfere in tny bufinefs, and will be more thankful to you if you do fo in fu- 
 ture. From the beginning of the friendfhip between the Company and me, 
 I have with all my authority, on every opportunity, contributed, and ever 
 ■will contribute, to the intereft and "advantage of the Company, and they 
 (who are my beft friends) have always confidered our mutual intereft. I 
 hope in God that our friendfhip will not be diminifhed during the lives of 
 me and my pofterity. You yourfelf may judge, if I, who am the ally of the 
 king of Great Britain, and the firft friend of the Company and the Englilh 
 nation, can approve- of my authority being made ufe of in hurting my ho- 
 nour and dcftroying my rights. I never gave my confent in this bufinefs, 
 but have always uniformly expreffed my difapprobation of it, both verbally 
 and in writing, which will appear by my letters of the 2 ad and 25th Ja- 
 nuary, 3d and 26th February, and 19th, 25th, and 2dth March bit. 
 
 Your Lordfliip fays, " When I took my leave of you, I acquainted you 
 *' I was going to Tanjore, to replace the Raja in his government, and to put 
 " him in porTclTion of his country, by the authority and exprefs commands of 
 " the Company. I am ibrry to obferve to you, that I found, as I pafled 
 " through the country, the proper officers with all the accounts had been 
 
 • His Lofdfhip h^-d bufinefs cf hi' oivn to tranfacl in th:it pl,ice. The Nabjb tells him, that 
 a fingle Peon would have been fufficient, as nothing but implicit acquie/cfnce was meant. 
 •f His Lordfhip knciv better the ftatc of his ov;n affairs. 
 
 " removed
 
 [ 71 3 
 
 " removed by your orders from every village ; and T was foon informed, 
 " that every part of the country was in the fame fituation, every means had 
 " been taken to throw difficulties in my way in the execution of the Com- 
 " pany's orders, and to diftrefs the country and the inhabitants. In this 
 " fituation. Sir, I thought it the propercft method to cfcort the Dabeer hi- 
 " ther by the Company's troop of cavalry. He is now here, and havinfr 
 " been at the head of the revenue department formerly in the fervice of the 
 " Raja, and lately in yours ; if you will pleafe to order the different Amil- 
 " dars and other officers to return with their accounts, judice may be done 
 " to every man, and the country reftored in that proper and equitable man- 
 " ner which the world will exped from a friend and old ally of the Com- 
 " pany." 
 
 Before your Lordfhip fet out on your journey, I had ordered the Dabeer 
 and my other fervants to come to me, and they were come part of the way, 
 and were at Arrialore, which is in the Trichinopoly country. When you 
 reached the Tanjore country, all my principal Amildars, viz. Mahommid 
 Abrar Cawn, Nizam Udan Mahommid Cawn, Ali Dil Cawn, &c. who 
 were all my old fervants, fome of them for two generations, were there 
 with their accounts, employed in their bufinefs, and received you with the 
 greaceft refpe 1. After I gave orders for giving up the care of the fort of 
 Tanjore to the Company, there were in it five or fix thoufand men. My prin- 
 cipal Amildars as above mentioned had my orders not to give any oppofition 
 to your people; therefore, only tzvo guards of your feapcys, in the face of a 
 large body of my troops^ treated my faid Amildars with the gieateft indi.crnity, 
 contempt, and difgrace, ti.ey would not have treated enemies in the fame 
 manner, having difgracefully impriloned them, and taken from them their 
 accounts. They afterwards fent Drurus round the towers and the country 
 of Tanjore, proclaiming that no rice Jloould be fold to my people, nor any pro- 
 teflion given them -, that whoever did protefl: any of my people fhould be 
 punilhed and fined ; yet this was not fufficient, but fixty European horfe 
 p.iffed the Coleroon and Cavery rivers, and went to Arrialore which is in the 
 Trichinopoly country. What they did there, my honour and concern will 
 not allow me to dwell upon ! — You know it full well ! — After all this, I 
 cannot difcover what difficulties were thrown in your way in the execution 
 of the Company's orders. I never could fuppofe that fuch indignities would 
 be offered to me. — There is fuch confufion now thrown into my affairs, that 
 
 7 no
 
 [ 72 ] 
 
 no man in my country can place any dependance upon my protedion. If 
 your Lordfhip wifhes to have the accounts of the country, according to the 
 cuftoms of the country, the accounts of every village are to be found in it. — 
 My fervants and my papers muft come to me ; now what perfon and what 
 papers do you require of me, as being out of your power ? You know beft, 
 if it is your uitention to dojultice to my creditors and my troops, for I have 
 repeatedly wrote to you and fpoketo you on this fubjeft. 
 
 Your Lordfhip fays, " It is very true. Sir, that I, as well as every friend 
 " you have, and every friend and well-wifher to the profperity of the Com- 
 " pany, were, are, and muft continue to be, alarmed at the great arrears 
 *' of pay due to your troops -, perhaps. Sir, it might be made appear, that 
 " as much money has been collcded from the Tanjore country fmce you 
 " were acquainted with the Company's orders, as would have paid the troops 
 " of Najeeb Cawn, and gone a great way towards difcharging the arrears due 
 " to the reft. 
 
 " If you look back to the letters which have been wrote to you, you 
 " will find, that it was cxprefsly infifted upon, that an Englifh garrifon 
 « (hould be put into Tanjore, and the Raja fet at liberty without any 
 " terms. Terms would have been difgraceful on that occafion." 
 
 There was but one diftrift of the Tanjore country fet afide for the pay- 
 ment of the troops ; all the reft was for the payment of the creditors, as I fet 
 forth to your "Lordftiip. At the time I received the garrifon of my friends 
 into the fort of Tanjore, I and my counfellors were fure, from your Lord- 
 fliip's fixed wanner of /peaking, that you would have continued Najib Cawn 
 Kelledar of the fort -, and to be fully convinced of it, I repeatedly mentioned 
 it to your Lordftiip, and was more confirmed in my opinion. As there are 
 now doubts thrown into this bufinefs, perhaps there likewife may in your 
 Lordftiip's/iroOT//'^ for the payment of the troops, with which I acquainted 
 Najib Cawn when I wrote him the order to withdraw my troops from the 
 garrifon, and to remain at Cambeconum till paid oft". This order Mr. 
 Chambers tranfaded and Ihewed to you ; and after you had approved of it, 
 you inclofed it to Colonel Harper to be delivered to Najib Cawn who be- 
 came fecurity to the troops that they fliould be paid •, in confequence of 
 which, they were content and marched to Cambeconum. Had I then ima- 
 gined
 
 [ 7J 1 
 
 gined that thefe doubts would have arifen, I would have tranfacled this bu- 
 fmefs by writing *. 
 
 Your Lordfhip fays, " I always thought that you and your managers had 
 *' great merit in being able to remove a body of troops to whom fuch laro-e 
 " arrears were due, but I never made you any promifes on the part of the 
 " Company ; you know well, they had directed the country to be rcltored 
 " to the Raja." 
 
 "What your Lordlhip fays on this fubjedt appears to me to proceed from 
 your goodnefs, but it was the order that was approved of by your Lord- 
 fhip and fent to Najib Cawn, that was the caufe of taking out the troops; 
 therefore it is you that have the merit in this affair -f-. 
 
 Your Lordfhip fays, " There was one method, and but one, which ever 
 " occurred to me likely to relieve you from that burdenfome debt due to 
 " your troops; I repeatedly told you of it, and I will do fo now. It was, 
 " that if you would confent to the difbanding thofe troops, or to the 
 " Company's enlifting into their fervice fuch of them as I might chLife 
 " to accept of, I would ufe my endeavours with the Raja of Tanjote, to 
 " fufFer a part of the revenues of this country to be applied to the purpofe 
 " of paying off their arrears : But as this is what you would not hearken to, 
 *' I fee not at prefent how the Company can be of any fervice to you upon 
 " the occafion. I tell you again and again, that troops ill paid, will always 
 '* be themafters of the man who employs them ; thofe you have, if they do 
 " not difband themfelves, which I underftand fome of them have done, 
 " mult be difbanded by your Highnefs, or you will be more and more 
 « diftrefied." 
 
 Before your arrival from England, the revenues of my country v/ere con- 
 veyed by Tunkas, given by me to my creditors and my troops, as I told your 
 Lordfhip. The crops upon which the troops depended for their pay, were 
 not ripe ; when they were, they hoped to receive it, but my rights were 
 difturbed. You know very well, that my honour will not permit me to 
 receive, as a favour, any thing from my fubjedls or my fervants. — Such as 
 
 • The promifes were •verbal, and, therefore, mt tc be regarded. 
 ■\ Thefe arguments come home to his Lordftiip. 
 
 L Raja$
 
 [ 74 ] 
 
 Rajas I have many amon^ft my fervants.— The Tanjore country muji be an- 
 fwerable for the demands of my creditors, and my troops on it, and the juf- 
 tice of this I fubmit to my bed friends. You know that always, and on 
 every opportunity, I am the firm friend of the Company, and a true and 
 gralefuldlly to the king of Great Britain, and a friend to the whole Englifh 
 nation, and that nothing can diminifh my friendfliip for them. 
 
 An anfwer to his Highnefs's letter of April 27th, waving the entering 
 upon the fubjedt of it, as Lord Pigot was expefted back in a few days. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Mr. Stratton to his Highnefs the Nabob, dated 2,0th 
 
 April 1776. 
 
 'To his Highttefs the Nabob-, (s'c. i£c.. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 
 T Have had the honour to receive your letter, dated the 27th inftant, copy 
 of which I immediately tranfmitted to Lord Pigot, who I expeft here 
 in a few days, when I have not a doubt he will clear up every thing to 
 your fatisfaflion. 
 
 I have the honour to be with profound refpeft. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 Your Highnefs's 
 Fort St. George, i-noft fincere, moft obedient, and 
 
 30th April 1776. n L LI r 
 
 ^ ^ molt humble lervant, 
 
 George Stratton. 
 
 The following letter proves the exadtnefs with which the Nabob fulfils 
 his engagements to the Company, notwithftanding the injuflice and tyranny 
 of the Company towards him. 
 
 Tranflation of a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob to George Stratton, Efq. 
 dated April 2gth 1776, or icth Rabbicowell 11 90 hlegira. 
 
 T Have paid for the Company, for which you will pleafe to fend me a re- 
 ceipt, 115,000 pagodas, and acquaint you, that 100,000 of this fum is 
 
 on
 
 [ IS ] 
 
 on account of the Kiftof the diftrids of Tripallure, &c. due the 31a Ja- 
 nuary laft; and 1500 pagodas on account of Poonamallee Kift, from the 
 ifl: of January laft, co the 30th April 1776. 
 
 The following is alfo on money tranfaiftions. 
 
 Tranjlation of a Letter from the Nabob to Mr. Stratton, aSIiiig Governor of Ma- 
 dras, dated and received the ^oth April 1776. 
 
 'T^ H E current charges of the feven original battalions belonging to my 
 fervice, kept up by the Company, and of the three additional battalions 
 I agreed to take into pay at the time of the Tanjore expedition f , tooether 
 with extra expences and 2 lacks 65,0+5 pagodas 45 fan 16 cafli for the 
 pay of three battalions of Sepoys, from the i6th Auguft 1770, to the 
 31ft June 1773, which my letter to the Governor and Council of the 25th 
 Oflober 1773, mentions it to be given as a prefent to the Company, in con- 
 fideiation of the Tanjore expedition, amount in the whole to 871,666 
 pagodas 24 fan. This fum I have paid into the Company's cafh, from 
 the ift of May 1775, to the 30ch April 1776 ; as follows. 
 
 In ready money, on account of the pay of the before-mentioned 10 bat- 
 talions of Sepoys, one of which is gone to Bombay, three lacks of pagodas 
 (300,000 pagodas), on account of the prefent to the Company above-recited 
 pagodas two hundred and fixty-fix thouland and forty-five, two fanams and 
 fixteen cafh (266,045 2 16), on account of extra charges forty-two thou- 
 sand fix hundred and eighty-five pagodas, twenty-one fanams and fixty-foUr 
 cafli (42,685 21 64). In bills two hundred and fixty-two thoufand nine 
 hundred and thirty-fix pagodas (262,936). Total in ready money 
 608,730 24; and in bills 262,936 pagodas, make the fum of 871,666 24 
 pagodas, the whole amount of my agreement, v.'hich, by the bleffing of God, 
 I have entirely cleared off; and the expences of the army, on account of 
 both Tanjore expeditions, have been alfo difcharged. 
 
 f The keeping up and pnying ttiofe three additional battal on-, were smon^ the condi- 
 tions, whicii the Nabob granied to the Company, in confideration of their aiuliance in taking 
 1'anjore. 
 
 L 2 It
 
 [ ;6 ] 
 
 It ufed to be a rule with former governors, to fend me my accounts every 
 three months, but it is now fifteen months fince I received any. — I (hall 
 efteem it a favour, if you will fend me my accounts, commencing from the 
 date of thofe you laft fcnt me, and brought down to the 30th of this month. 
 Confider me always as the firm and obliged friend of the Company. 
 
 What can I fay more ? 
 
 Mr. Stratton fent the following anfwer to preceding letters from the Nabob, 
 Copy of Mr. Stratton'' s Letter to his Highnefs the Neboh, dated ^d May 1776, 
 
 l!o his Highnefs the Nahob^ idc i^c. 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 
 T Have had the honour to receive your two letters, dated the 29th April, 
 one accompanying a letter for Lord Pigot, which, agreeable to your 
 Highnefs's requeft, I forwarded immediately to him. The other letters 
 advifes me of your Highnefs having fent into the Company's cafh one hun- 
 dred and fifteen tlioufand pagodas •, and that one hundred thoufand of this 
 fum is on account of the Kift of the diftrifts of Trepaflbre, &c. due 31(1: 
 January lafl: ; and fifteen thoufand pagodas account Poonamallee Kill, frorr^ 
 the lit January laft to the 30th April 1776. I have alfo had the honour to 
 receive your Highnefs's letter, dated 30th ult. advifing me, that you have 
 paid into the Company's cafh, from ift May 1775 to the 30th April 1776, 
 account current charges, &c. as follows, in ready money, on account of the 
 ten battalions of Sepoys, three lacks of pagodas; on account of the pay of 
 three battalions of Sepoys, from i6th Auguft 1770 to 31(1 June 1773, two 
 hundred and fixty-fix thoufand and forty-five pagodas, two fanams and 
 fixteen cafli, which your letter to the Governor and Council of the 25tb 
 Oiftober 1773, mentions to be given as a prefent to the Company, in confide- 
 ration of the Tanjore expedition, on account of extra charges. Forty-two 
 thoufand fix hundred and eighty- five pagodas, twenty-one fanams, and fixty- 
 four cafli ; and in bills, two hundred and fixty-two thoufand nine hundred 
 and thirty-fix pagodas ; makii^g altogether in ready money and bills, eight 
 hundred and feventy-one thoufand fix hundred and fixty-fix pagodas, 
 twenty-four fanams, being the whole amount of your Highnefs's agreement. 
 In anfwer to the above I have the honour to acquaint your Highnefs, that 
 I have received from you as follows 5 
 
 Two
 
 [ 77 ] 
 
 Two bilts on Jafing for —.,— — —. 119,000 
 
 In ready money — — — — 78,000 
 
 And one bill which accompanied your Highnefs's laft letter on 
 
 Jafing for ______ 143,938 
 
 Your Highnefs's account has due credit for the ready money, as you will 
 have alfo for the bills when difcharged. The above bills and ready money, 
 vyith the fums your Highnefs has already paid to Lord Pigot and to IVIr. 
 Wynch, amount to eight hundred and feventy-onc thoufand fix hundred 
 and fixty-fix pagodas, being the whole of the payments agreed to be made 
 by your Highnefs from ift May 1775, to 30th April 1776. — Your High- 
 nefs has alfo paid in bills and ready money, the fum of one hundred and 
 fifteen thoufand pagodas, being in full for the Kill, due on account of the 
 TrepafTore, &c. dillrifts, the 31ft January 1776, and on account of the 
 Kids of the PoonamuUee country to 30th ult. 
 
 I am very much obliged to your Highnefs for the punfluality you have 
 fhewn in the above payments, and your accounts are ordered to be made out 
 to the time your Highnefs defires. 
 
 I have the honour to be with profound refpeft. 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 
 Your Highnefs's moft fincere 
 Fort St. George, moft obedient and moft humble fervanr, 
 
 3d May 1776. 
 
 George Strattok. 
 
 Lord Pigot having returned from Tanjore on the 5th of May, endeavoured 
 to extort an approbation of his meafures from the Nabob. The following 
 paper, with its title, will fpeak for itfelf. It was in this very way that Mr. 
 Pigot forced the Nabob to fign the treaty of 1762, which his Lordftiip 
 makes the bafis of the reftoration of Tuljagee, 
 
 Copy of a Paper written by Lord Pigot with a Pencil, and given by him to his 
 Highnefs the Nabob of the Camatic, that his Highnefs might write the Contents 
 in a Letter to his Lordfljip. May nth, lyyo. 
 
 T AM very happy at my friend's return. I forgive you for every thing you 
 have done *. The man who is faithful to his mafter will ever be fo to 
 
 * Kis Lordlhip e<u;ni that his condudl flood in need of forgivenefs. . 
 
 *■ his
 
 [ 78 ] 
 
 liis friend. Now yon have finifhed the Company's bufinefs, I hope you will 
 not forget mine. I will lay before you the whole ftate of my affairs, and I 
 defire your affiftance lofetik them to the fatisfadion of the Company, that I 
 may be happy. 
 
 I certify that this is a true Copy of the above-mentioned paper, 
 
 James Wooley, 
 Secretary to the Nabob. 
 
 Lord Pigot anfwers the letters ftnt by his Highnefs to Mr. Stratton, the 
 afting Governor, during his Lordlhip's abfence. The letter is didated by 
 that refentment which his Lord(hip entertained againft the Nabob, for re- 
 fufing to write to him the above paper, and confequently for not approving 
 of his tranfacflions at Tanjore. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Lord Pigot to bis 'Highnefs the Nabob, dated i^th May 
 
 1.776. 
 
 To the Nabob. 
 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 /^N reading over the proceedings of Mr. Stratton, and the other Gentle- 
 men of the Council, I find two letters from you addrefied to Mr. Strat- 
 ton, which 1 fhall now do myfelf the honour to anfwer. 
 
 That your mind is full of trouble and uneafinefs does not furprife me; 
 bad counfellors have often dijlr ailed a mind as great as your Highnefs^ s *. 
 
 Your fon Ameer-ul-Omrah perhaps forgot to inform you, that Naroo 
 Pundet, the Dobbier, after Tanjore was taken, told your fon he would not 
 defert his Mafler in his misfortunes, and refufed to aft until he carried him 
 to the Raja, and defired him to lay his commands upon him. Was it noble, 
 was it generous, was it honourable, was itjuft, to imprifon this venerable old 
 man, between 70 and 80 years of age ? Tbh pnblick officer; this firft officer 
 of the Tanjore revenue-, this officer of the iiiblick., not your Highnefs's 
 Icrvant f. 
 
 • This is truly a ;6o»M (Iroke of his Lordfhip! 
 
 + Yet \\v. J'efved his Highnefs. It is pity, a paragraph poiTdung {\x^\ thqucnce of luard', 
 ftould contain fuch grofs mifreprefentaliom of fails. 
 
 I From
 
 [ n ] 
 
 From this man * I learnt that yourHighnefs had received from the Tan- 
 jore country, in the three years you have had it in your poflefTjon, 40 lacks 
 of pagodas, which will be a great fatisfaSlion to my Employers, as they will be 
 confident that theexpence your Highnefs has been at, could not have amounted 
 to near that fum. 
 
 I learned alfo from the Dobbier, that the revenue of Tanjore, for this 
 year, amounted only to 12 lacks of pagodas, that there remained only three 
 lacks to becolleded by the Raja :j:, and that your Highnefs's receipts, orders, 
 and the ufual charge, amounted to full nine. This was a great fatisfa£lion tome^ 
 as I truft it will enable your Highnefs to pay the arrears due to your troops. 
 The good purpofes the meafure has anfwered, will, I hope, appear to you 
 a fufficient realbn for efcorting || the Dobbier to Tanjore. 
 
 Shall the gates of Arrialore, or any other gates in the Pauyen-Ghaut §§ be 
 fhut againfl: the troops of the Company, who have fouglit for you near 30 
 years, when they afk admittance by my authority ; I hope not. This would 
 •be an improper return to the man who put your Highnefs in poflelTion of 
 them, upon your folemn affurances that, there was no diftindion between you 
 and the Company, and that you wilhed it only for the appearance it would 
 have with the country powers JJ.. 
 
 ( 
 
 Your letter of the 27th is a matter of the utmoft aflonilhment to me. In 
 the public notice given, when the country of Tanjore was reftored to the 
 Raja, it was exprefsly faid. What he poficfled at the conclufion of the treaty, 
 your Highnefs made with him in 1762 §. No other was meant to be given to 
 him, and the Raja never exprefled a wi(h to have more than the Company 
 thought his right. 
 
 * This man impofed on his Lordfhip. 
 
 X A mifieprefention throughout ; as (hall hereafter appear. 
 
 II To carry a man pri/oner is merely efcorting him, in his Lordfhip's language. 
 
 §§ He means the Carnatic, by ihe Payen-Ghaut. A -vulgar appellation i$ beneath the diV- 
 iiity of heroics; P.ayen-Gliau: nay be underftcod in India, but it requires ex/i/analion to thofe 
 who are to decide here upon his Lordfhip's condLCl. 
 
 Xt In ihis irfialed and arrogant paragraph, his Lordfliip has permitted his dignity to get the 
 better of ammon prudence. 
 
 § His Lordfliip made it, anA forced his Highnefs to fign it. 
 
 Najih
 
 C So ] ^ 
 
 Najib Khan received every mark of refped: when he left Tanjore; and I 
 affure your Highnefs, that every officer and fervant I have feen of yours has 
 merited and has received all the civility I could poffibly pay to them. 
 
 I could fay more in reply to this letter, but fhall conclude with giving yo« 
 
 the ftrongeft afTurances oi myikeidyaliachment to your inierejis, and of the wifli 
 
 I have, that you would put it in my power to render you every fervice I am 
 
 capable of; being with the greateft efteem. 
 
 Your Highnefs's fincere Friend, 
 
 Fort St. George, and humble Servant, 
 
 J 5th May, lyyo, „. , ^ „ 
 
 ^ ' ^' (Signed) P I G O T. 
 
 The Nabob anfwers the harfh letter which he received from Lord Pigot on 
 the 13th of May. This paper is curious. Nine lacks of Pagodas, or 
 360,000/. are miffing; and the letter is garbled by his Lordfliip. 
 
 'J'ranftalion of a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated 
 igth May 1776, or ^oth Rabbelowell 1 190. 
 
 T Have received your Lordfhip's letter in Englifli, dated the 13th inftant. 
 I will hereafter particularly anfwer to the articles therein contained, and 
 at prefent only obferve, that you mention that " you have been informed 
 " by the Dobbier, that the revenues of Tanjore, for this prefent year, have 
 " amounted to only twelve lacks of pagodas, of which there remained only 
 " three lacks to becollefted by the Raja ; and that my receipts, tunkas, and 
 " the ufual charge, amounted to full nine, which gave you great fatisfaclion, 
 " as you trufl; that it will enable me to pay the arrears due to my troops ;" 
 which I underftand. 
 
 I think it neceflfary, for your Lordfhip's better information, to acquaint 
 you, that I had affigned part of the country for the payment of debts due to 
 [Mr. Bcnfield and Mr. Monkton, to Mr. CenfieldJ Jomc -perfcns ; lo one, a fum 
 amounting, by computation, to about five lacks and twenty-five thoufand 
 pagodas; and to [Mr. Monkton] another, about three lacks of pagodas, be- 
 fides intereft. They [thefe Gentlemen] have folemnly afTured me, that they 
 have received only, the firft, about 12,750 pagodas ; the other, about 8,500 
 pagodas. The Sepoys and other Tunkahdars may have received, in the 
 
 fame
 
 [ Si ] 
 
 fame manner, however, the revenues (whatever they were) have not been 
 paid, either to my creditors, to my Sepoys, or into my treafury. Ifour 
 I/jrdfhip [and your Counfellors] may eafily inform [yourrelvesj yourfelf how 
 the money has been difpofed of. 
 
 This has been due to the Dobbier, who was good enough to fay, that only 
 a balance of three lacks of pagodas remained to be collected. If he fhould 
 iay, that not a fingle grain was left in the country, who can flop his 
 mouth? If the revenues have been collected in the manner you mention in 
 your letter, and that they amount to twelve lacks of pagodas, I am only 
 informed of ihree lacks having been colkfied, and I have received credit for 
 no more in my accounts. 
 
 Whatever the balance is, kJJ.cuU be in the country — . 
 
 May 2 2d, 1776. A'. B. This letter was fent to his Lorddiip on the day 
 of the date ; and after keeping it three days, he returned it to his Highnefs, 
 and defired that the alterations fhould be made as above. It was therefore 
 altered according to his Lordfliip's defire, and this day fent to him. The 
 words between the brackets were in the firft letter, in the room of which 
 his lordfliip defired to be put the words which are in Italics. 
 
 The Nabob finding that his dominions were invaded, and his fubjecfts im- 
 prifoned, by the orders of Lord Figot, wrote the following letter to an 
 Enslifli officer in his fervice. 
 
 D 
 
 Letter from the Nabob to Captain John Fletcher. May 21ft, 1775. 
 
 I'd Captain John Fletcher. 
 
 'y HE fort of Haneemuntagoody is dependent upon Ramnade, and not 
 upon Tanjore. If you have not delivered up that fort to the Company's 
 people before the receipt of this letter, you are hereby direfled not to de- 
 liver it up to them. You will take care not to fire any mufquetry or guns 
 upon the Company's people, who may be ordered on that fervice, nor to 
 draw a fword againft them, but to keep the gates of the fort fliut up, and 
 to acquaint the Company's people, in a civil manner, that vou have written 
 to the Nabob, and defire that they Vi-il! wait until his anfwer arrives. In 
 
 r^i ^ the
 
 [ 82 ] 
 
 the mean time I will apply to the Governor and Council here, and will in- 
 form you foon what you are to do. 
 
 What can I fay more ? 
 
 Given at Chepaugl-., 
 2ift May, 1776. 
 
 It appears from the following anfwer, that Captain Fletcher executed his 
 Highnefs's orders. 
 
 Ccpy of a Letter from Captain Fletcher^ from llunmuntgoody^ to the Nabob, 
 
 dated 28th May, iyy6. 
 
 ^0 his Highnefs the Nabob Waulaujah Behauder, &c. &c. 
 
 T Received your Highnefs's letter, dated May the 21ft, and will take the 
 greateft care that I will obey your Highnefs's orders, as far as lays in my 
 power. I wrote two letters to Captain Rumley, to be explained to your 
 Highnefs, mentioning the whole that happened here in this country. As I 
 knew that Captain Rumley could explain it well to your Highnefs, on ac- 
 count of his knowing the Perfuin language, which I hope he has long be- 
 fore now. I aflure your Highnefs, that I will do every thing that lays in my 
 power to fcrvc you. 
 
 The Company's troops left this on the 20th inftant, on account of their 
 not getting admittance here. I have not heard of any of the Company's 
 
 troops fince. 
 
 Remaining, with refpeft, 
 
 Huntamongoody, Your Highnefs's moft faithful Servant, 
 
 23th May, 1776. j v t i- r^ ^ • 
 
 (Signed) John Fletcher, Captain. 
 
 The following very fpirited letter was written by the Nabob to Lord Pigot, 
 upon his Lordlhip's fending the Company's troops to feizc territories which 
 }]ever belonged to Tanjore ; and to put them in the hands of the reftored 
 Raja. 
 
 T'ranflation
 
 TranJlalioH of a Letter from his Bighnefs the Nabob to Lord Pigot, dated 26tb 
 May iy'j(^, or lytb Rabbifauny 1190 Hegira. 
 
 'IXT'HEN your Lordfhip was at Tanjore, I gave pofitive orders to my 
 managers in that country, not to oppofe the Company's people. I 
 was foon after informed, that troops belonging to the Company were 
 marched to take pofieffion of fome of my countries belonging to Rama- 
 nadeporam. As I had not fent any orders to my managers at Ramanadepo- 
 ram, and God only knew what might happen there, I wrote to IVlr. Scrat- 
 ton who then prefided here, exprefling my concern and aflcing his advice. 
 I have lately repeatedly received letters from Aly Navas Cawn, and Attau 
 HufTein Cawn, managers of the Ramanade and Shevagunga countries 
 mentioning the arrival of a Company's officer, with two companies of their 
 Sepoys and fome of Tuljagee's people, to take poflefllon of fome diftricts 
 of thofe countries ; and further, that they intend taking the Fort of Ha- 
 numuntagoody. Some of the Company's Sepoys are arrived at Cuttapat- 
 nam, and have forcibly turned out my -people from thence ; and have feized and 
 carried away the Amildar, and pofiefled therafelves of the revenues and the 
 papers. Surely your Lordfhip fhould acquaint me before you proceed to 
 take poffcffion of countries^ which do not belong to Ta^ijore, but entirely de[)end 
 on Ramanade and Shevagunga, and you fhould examine the records for the 
 word of Tuljagee is not fufficient authority for taking pofTcfTion of »;y 
 country; but you dif regard all rights] My firm friendrtiip towards the Com- 
 pany for thefe thirty years paft, has been founded on the Ilrono-efl; attach- 
 ment to them and to the Englifh nation; and from thence I have lived in 
 the hope of increafing my honour, reputation and figure in the world • and 
 which I trull: you will confider as infeparably conneded with the honour 
 and intereft of the Company. — I am perfectly convinced, that the Gentlemen 
 of the Company will not allow me thus to fuffer., nor fee injuftice done 
 me; and I am firmly pcrfuaded, that as foon as they have a full and true 
 flate of affairs here, they will alter their opinion in regard to Tanjore ; then 
 why fliould you defire to take my other countries ? — I therefore write to 
 your Lordlhip, that you will be pleafed to give ftrid orders to your people 
 that my rights may be preferved, and that, they may not interfere in my 
 authority over my countries ; for furely it never could have been the inten- 
 tion of the Company, that I, v/ho have been their invariably firm friend 
 
 M 2 -for
 
 [ S4 I 
 
 for fiich a coiirie of years, fnoi)ld meet vvitli fucli treatment; and that one§' 
 who never 'j.-as a friend to the Englifi, but on the contrary their enemy^. 
 ihould meet with fuch advantage froni their power. 
 
 In confequence of the preceding letter. Lord Pigot waited upon the Na'- 
 bob' at eight o'clock next morning, and had the following conference with. 
 his Highnefs, in the prefence of iiis brother and two fons; 
 
 T'ranjlation of a Conference between his Highnefs the Nabob' and Lord Pigot^ 
 
 May zph 1776. 
 
 /^ N Monday morning about eight o'clock, his Lordffiip came to his 
 Highnefs's houfe ; Morphus Cawn * Behauder, Umdet-ul-Omrah, and 
 Omeer-ul-Omrah Behauder f, received him ; his Lordlhip, after inquiring 
 about his Highnefs's health, faid, that his Highnefs had yelierday wrote a 
 letter to him, and afked why he had not previoufly feen it ; that he did not, 
 know what were the bounds of Tanjore, and what were die bounds of Ma- 
 rawar ; that he had given orders to put the Raja into pofTeflion of fuch 
 countries as were in his hands at the treaty of 1762. His Lordfliip after- 
 wards drew four lines on the ground, faying, here is the country of Trichi- 
 nopoly, here the country of Tanjor-e, here the country of Marawar, and" 
 here the country of Tondyman ; and faid, that when the Raja of Tanjore 
 became a little powerful, he took poflcfTion of fome part of the Marawar 
 country ; and that v/hen the Raja of Marawar became powerful, he took 
 pofieflion of part of the Tanjore country •, that when the Tondyman became" 
 powerful, he took foa-^e part of the Tanjore country ; that fometimes the 
 Nabob took pofll-irion of the whole ! — His Lordfiiip then faid, that the 
 Nabob did not cultivate friendffiip with him; that there were feveral ^>v^^ 
 rafcals^ fuch as Fletcher*, Mackay f, Benfield and Macpherfon ij^, coming 
 to his Highnefs, and tliat they fpoilcd him ; that he (his Lordfliip) would 
 itop fuch rafcals, and that Benfield fliould not hereafter have it in his power 
 
 § The Raja of Tanjore. * The Nabob's brother. f The Nabob's fons. 
 
 * Sir Robert Fletclier commander in chief of ihc Company's troops on the coafV. 
 
 f A member of the Council. 
 
 \ This Gentleman was irregularly difmiffed from the fcrvice by Lord Pigot under a pre- 
 tence that he pr tsu med, before he ivat in the Company's fer'vice, to endeavour the eftoblilhiiig 
 a cor.cfoondcnce between the Cro^sn of Great Uritain and its ally, the Nabob of Atcot. 
 
 \_ (even-
 
 [ ^5 ] 
 
 ffven upon his own bufinefs) to fet his foot in his Highnefs's houfe. This 
 his Lordihip fpoke loudly that every one heard ir, and he trembled wich 
 palTion. He was in this fituarion, when his Highnefs came to receive his 
 vifit ; and Itood in the fame place, fpeaking very harfi and fevere words to 
 his Highnefs, fuch as that he would J^lace a gup.rd of Europeans on his High- 
 nefs's houfe and keep him hi prifon, and in his own pozver, anti wou!-J not 
 allow any white-faced rafcal to lee his Highnefs §. He afked Umdat-ul- 
 Gmrah, why he did not kick out all fuch rafcals. They afterwards fat down 
 on chairs, and his Lordfhip repeatedly mentioned the fame words ; and ihat 
 the whole fettlement of IVIadras could not hurt him, had they a mind fo 
 to do ; that he would not fiiffer the Company's bufinefs to be in confufion. 
 His Highnefs fiid, that he (his Highndsl was a friend to the Company, and 
 would not be the caufe of fpoiling their bufinefs. His Lordflnp faid, that 
 fuch letters as his Highnefs formerly wrote him were replete with wifdom, 
 but that now they were full of trouble and diflurba ice ; for the draughts 
 of them were made out by rafcals * : and further, that the Nabob Ihould 
 have told hitn ycfterday, that the Company's people were about taking, 
 poflefiaon of his countries, and that his Lordfliip ihould flop ihem -, and 
 that if his Highnefs had done fo, he (his Lordfhip) would have given him a 
 friendly anfwer, and would have told his Highnefs, that he would have fent 
 orders to flop this bufinefs -f-, that if the Nabob wanted to fee him and 
 alk his advice, he fliould not let any other people come to him -, but if he 
 (his Highnefs) did not think proper to fee him» he would not come to him, 
 but would appoint one of the Council to come and talk to his Highnefs. 
 That one fhip was gone to England full of his Highnefs's praife ; and de- 
 claring, that he had agreed to every thing j;-, but that every fhip fince had 
 gone to England full of complaints from his Lordihip againft his High- 
 
 § His Lordfhip aftcrrtards found it convenient \.q find another leafon for this threat. In his 
 minute of the 6th of June, he tcHs a ftory concerning a poor nuoman, who vv-as to be tortured fcrr 
 her ivealth; a piece of intelligence wJiich he received on the loth of IVIay from one of the 
 Compiny's black porters. Whether this vxoman ever exilled is bell known to hisLordfliip and 
 his black porter; but if I. is humanity wa> fo much alarmed on the loth of May, it is fomewhat 
 furpriiing he did not bring for>vard the fad till the end. of the firft week of June, 
 
 * His Highnefs fends no letter of bufinefs which he does not himfelf diftate to his Moonfliy, 
 •f- He acknoii'iedges here the injuliice of his own conduifl, 
 
 J His Lordfliip had no authority for fuch a declaration, his Highnefe uniformly di/Tented from 
 ihe meafure of reftoiing Tanjore,
 
 [ 86 ] - 
 
 nefs. That his Lordlhip had no more friendfliip with the Raja than with 
 his Highnefs, but had repUced him purfuant to the orders of the Com- 
 pany. That his Highnefs fliould do one favour now, to fend a perfon from 
 him with orders, that the Raja fnculd have delivered into his poflcfllon, 
 fuch countries as he had in 1762, and that then there v/ould be no difference 
 between his Highnefs and his Lordfliip. Thac his Highnefs -mentioned 
 fomething in his letter about Hanumuntagoody, which had been, fince 
 former times, in the poffelTion of the Kaja. His Highnefs replied, that 
 Hanumuntagoody belonged to the country of Ramnade. His Lordlhip 
 then faid, why did your Highnefs not mention this bufinefs when the treaty 
 of 1762 was fettled? His Highnefs anfwered, that he imagined that it 
 regarded only the Tanjore country, and that he did not imagine that it 
 extended to all. — His Lordfhip then flood up and told his Highnefs, that 
 he (his Highnefs) fhould forgive his fault in fpeaking fome high and violent 
 •words ; for that they proceeded from his hearty fnendfhip. His Highnefs 
 anfwered, that he was a friend to the Company, and would only anfwer to 
 all his Lordfhip had faid, thac after fo long enjoying the friendfhip of the 
 Company and the Englifli nation, he had no expedation of deferving fuch 
 words ! His Lordfhip then faid, that his Highnefs fhould forgive him, 
 for he had fpoken through madnefs ; but his Highnefs made no reply *. 
 
 Lord Pigot having threatened, in the preceding conference with the 
 Nabob, to place a guard of Europeans on his Highncfs's houfe, and to keep 
 him in prifon and in his own power ; that unfortunate prince, as his laft re- 
 fuse from difgrace, found himfclf oblige! to make the following ap- 
 plication to Sir Edward Hughes, commander in chief of his Majefly's fqua- 
 dron in the Eaft Indies. 
 
 Letteir from his Highnefs the Nalob to Commodore Sir Edward Hughes^ 
 
 June 3^, 1776. 
 
 'T*n E afTurances of fupport and protedion received from the grandfa- 
 ther of his prefent iVIajefly, and repeatedly from his Majefty himfelf, 
 and the Company, had given me the greaicfl confidence, that my rights and 
 
 * The latter part of t'lis conference is particularly recommended to the attention of the reader. 
 
 my
 
 [ 8; ] 
 
 my htnour would have been prcferved inviolate ; but the apprehenfions un- 
 der which I now labour, from Lord Pigot's unjuft ufe of his powi.-r, have 
 arrived at fo dangerous a height, that 1 am obliged to apply to you, for your 
 immediate interference in my fupport. 
 
 Lord Pigot, not content with the lozo and difgraceful Jlate, to which he 
 has reduced my authority, by the meafures which he executed at Tanjore, 
 has lately threatened to fubjed me to the moft perfonal difgrace. 
 
 On the 27th inftant, at eight o'clock in the morning, he came to my 
 Durbar, and in the prefence of my brother Morpheus Cawn Bthavvder, and 
 my fons Omdaht-ul-Omrah Behawder, and Ameer-ul-Omrah Behavvder, and 
 Kirin Mordien Cawn, declared, in the mofl; determined and threatening tone 
 of voice, that he would place a European guard upon my houfe, to keep me a 
 frifoner in his own power ; and naming members of the Council^ he faid they 
 v/ere rrifcals, and that he would difmifs them from the fervice ; he faid alfo, 
 that all the white-faced fellows were rafcals, and that he would not allow any 
 of them to fee me ; alfo he alked Ameer-ul-Omrah, why he did not kick out 
 fuch rafcals. 
 
 The caufe of this outrage, was my having written him a letter on the 26th 
 inftant, a copy of which is enclofed, reprefenting the injuftice which he did 
 me, by ordering a military force to march into the Ramnade country, to de- 
 prive me of fonie diftnfts there, and put them into the poffeffion of Tul- 
 jagee. 
 
 Can there be any oppreffion equal to the depriving a man of his right, 
 and then threatening him with the greatelt difgrace, if he dares to make a 
 reprefentation of that right ? 
 
 As Lord Pigot, on a former occafion, ordered psople to enter my garden 
 in the middle of the night*, pretending, that he had information, that I had 
 ordered fome people to be ill-treated there j fo I am under the greateft 
 alarm, that he will proceed to execute in paffwn, what he threatened. I 
 fhall then be without remedy, 1 value my honour more than my life ; as 
 
 * This was in conTequence of the idle flory of the loth of May, communicated by a malicious 
 porier to Lord I'igot, cor.cerning z poor ivcman who was to have been fent to ft jne diftnnt country 
 to be tortured for her money. 
 
 I you
 
 [ 88 ] 
 
 you are the fervant of tlie King and nation, who are my proteflors, as yoti 
 are fc-nt here for the fupport oi your Sovereign's honour and the intereft of the 
 Company; fo / call upon you, by every duty which you owe to juftice, and 
 your high ftation, to write immediately to the Board, and to fettle fuch 
 meafures with them, that my per/on &ad family may be fecured againfl Lord 
 Pigot's threats and violence. 
 
 Such is the juftice of my caufe, that I am confident the Company will or- 
 der me full redrefs for the injuries which have been done to my govern- 
 ment and people by Lord Pigot's conduct at Tanjore -, but who is to fup- 
 port me againll thofe he threatens at prefent, unlefs you reprefent to the 
 Council my fituation. By the eftablifhed cuftom, I cannot apply to the 
 Council, but through the governor, and my complaint is cf himfelf. 
 
 Unlefs you give immediate aid to the beft friend the Englilli ever found 
 in India, he muft fink in the fea of opprcffion. 
 
 I Jokmnly declare, and your knowledge of my conduft has proved it to 
 you, that 1 am a faithful friend and well-wifloer to his Majestv and the 
 Company. 
 
 Sir Edward Hughes returned immediately the following anfvver. 
 Copy of a Letter from Sir Edward Hughes to his Eighnefs, dated ^d June 1776. 
 
 To his Highnefs the Nahb. 
 May it pleafe your Highnefs, 
 
 T Have this minute received your Highnefs's public application to me as his 
 Majesty's /rtwz/, and forward the fame direiSlly to the Governor and 
 Council. The diftrefs under which your Highnefs labours aff'edts me more 
 than is in the power of words to exprefs. I will ufe every efi^brt in my power 
 to fupport your Highnefs, being fully fenfible, that in fo doing, I iTiall aft 
 to the fatisfadion of my Soverejgn and for the good of the Company. 
 
 1 am certain, that your attachment to both, and to the Englifh nation, 
 hath b'jen hitherto invariable, and that it remains unqucflionable. 
 
 I cannot
 
 L 89 ] 
 
 I cannot entertain a doubt, but that your Highnefs will obtain an imme- 
 diate relief from your apprehenfions of any perfonal infult, which I will hope 
 was never really intended. 
 
 I have the honour to be, 
 
 with very great refpeft, 
 your Highnefs's moft obedient, 
 St. Thome, and very humble fervant, 
 
 3d June 1776. 
 
 (Signed) Edward Hughes. 
 
 Sir Edward Hughes, at the fame time, wrote the following letter, inclo- 
 fing that of the Nabob, to the prefidency of Madras. 
 
 Copy of a letter from Sir Edward Hughes to Lord Pigot and Council^ dated 
 
 St. 'Thome, ^djune 1776. 
 
 To the Right Honourable George Lord Pigot Prefident, and Governor and Council^ 
 
 i^c. ^c. ^c. 
 
 My Lord and Gentlemen, 
 
 tT is with the greateft concern, that I find myfelf under the necefTity of 
 interfering in any refpeft, between the reprefentatives of the Company, 
 and theNabobof the Carnatic ; but the accompanying application from his 
 Highnefs, is of fo alarming a tendency, that 1 cannot avoid laying it before 
 you, as early as pofTible, part of the king's inftruflions to me, being to do 
 my utmofl; to promote the intereftsof his Majefty, and the advantage of the 
 united Company of merchants trading to the Eafl: Indies, and of fuch Indian 
 princes, with whom they have contraded, or may contrad engagements 5 
 of thefe the Nabob of the Carnatic holds the moft diftinguilhed place. 
 
 My duty to the King my mafter, my zeal for the Company's welfare, and 
 the feelings I have for the diftrefles of lb good a friend to both, are with me 
 moft urgent motives for this addrefs •, and I have no doubt, but that you 
 will take fuch meafures in confequence, as will efFe£tualIy prote<fl the Nabob 
 from fuch alarms in future. The national honour and intereft, as well as the 
 
 N welfare
 
 [ go ] 
 
 welfare of the Company, being materially connefted with thejuft fecurity 
 of hisHighnefs. ^ -i- it- .•■■:-.r;,^ 
 
 I have the honour to be, 
 
 iny Lord and Gentlemen, 
 
 your moft obedient and devoted 
 A true copy, Fdward Spine, Sec. 1 humble fervant. 
 
 To the Commander in chief. 1 (Signed) Edward Hughes, 
 
 The Prefident and Council returned, on the fame day, the following 
 anfwer. 
 
 Copiy of a Letter from Lord Pigot and Comcil to Sir Edivard Hughes^ dated 
 
 ^d June 1776. 
 
 . Te Sir Edward Hughes ^ Commander in Chief of his Majefly's Ships in India. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 "VXT E have the honour of your letter of this day. Our Prefident alTures 
 us, "that the Nabob has totally mifunderfiood him* ; that he never 
 " had a thought of placing any guard over him, although he feared, and 
 " exprefled thofe fears to the Nabob, that the encouragement his Highnefs 
 " gave to European vi/itors, and the impediments to public bufinefs, arifing 
 " from the intrigues carried on by them at his Durbar, would lay him under 
 " a neceffity to place a guard to bring fuch perfons to him; that he might be 
 « acauainced with the nature of their bufinefs." 
 
 We conclude this will be fufficient to fatisfy you. Sir, that the Nabob's 
 perfon is in perfedl fecurity. Our Prefident declares, " that no wanton in- 
 ♦' dionity to his Highnefs ever was intended f, or ever will be committed, by 
 " him, although his ears can never be Ihut to the complaints of the dif- 
 " treffedX" ^^^ we alTure you that no fuch indignity to the Nabob fliall 
 
 • This is very unlikely. The conference on h's Lordfhip's part was held in Englidi; the Na- 
 bob untlerllands that language very well ; and befides, the words were taken doiwt tj be inter- 
 preted, in the ufual form, in Perfijn. 
 
 f Whence then proceeded his threats in the conference of the 27th May? 
 
 X Vide Lord Pigoi's minute of the 6th June, which immediately follows the fucceeding letter 
 in thit colle£lion. 
 
 7 be
 
 C 9' 3 
 
 be countenanced by this Board, to whom the management of the Com- 
 pany's affairs on this coaft is intrufted. 
 
 We have the honour to be, with the greatefl: efteem. 
 
 Fort St. George, S I R, 
 
 3d June 1776, n 1 !• 1 
 
 Your moll obedient humble Servants, 
 
 (Signed) Pigot, A. Dalrymple, 
 
 Geo. Stratton, J. M. Stone, 
 
 Rob. Fletcher, Archdale Palmer, 
 
 Ge. Dawson, Francis Jourdan, 
 
 Henry Brooke, Geo. Mackay. 
 Claud Russel, 
 
 When Lord (then Mr.) Pigot was formerly Governor of Madras, he 
 gave a river, belonging to the Nabob of Arcot, to his own friend Pertaub 
 Sing, Raja of Tanjore. He now fends the following letter to Lieutenant 
 Colonel Harper, military Commandant at Tanjore, to prevent the river 
 from being brought back to its old channel. There was, however, no foun- 
 dation for his Lordfhip's fears. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Lord Pigot and Council, to Colonel Harper, dated 
 
 Sd June I •j'jS, 
 
 To Lieutenant Colonel Harper, commanding at Tanjore. 
 
 S I R, 
 YOU will forthwith direfl Major Stevens to proceed to the ifland of Se- 
 ringham, to infped the water channels carrying on by the Nabob; and 
 if it fliOLild appear to him that there is any immediate danger therefrom to 
 the Tanjore country, he will reprefent the fame to Colonel James. 
 
 We are. 
 
 Fort St. George, SIR 
 
 3d June 1776. ' n 1 1- 
 
 Your moic obedient Servants, 
 
 Pigot, and Council. 
 ; (A true Copy.) R. J. Sulivan, Secretary. 
 
 N 2 Lord
 
 i: 92 1 
 
 LordPigbtjinthelettertoSii'Edwafd Hughes, had mentioned, that" hisears 
 •' can never be (hut to the complaints of the dijlr.ejjed." Thelentiment is laudable, 
 where diftrefs really exifts. Upon the information of one of the Company's 
 black porters, concerning a poor woman who was faid to be threatened with 
 the torture for her money, his Lordfhip committed an outrage, of which the 
 Nabob complains, in his letter to Sir Edwacd Hughes, of the 3d of June. 
 The Nabob fays, " Lord Pigot, on a facfner oc^cafion, ordered people to 
 " enter my garden, in the middle of the night, pretending that he hail 
 •' information that I had' ordered fome people to be ill-treated there." 
 What became of the woman, or whether fie ever exijied, he is wife, indeed, 
 who can tell. The Hircarrah feem.s to have impofed upon his Lordfliip 
 entirely^ or, at leaft, to have very much mifreprefented the fads. 
 
 COPY. 
 
 'I'ht Frefidenfi Explanation, in Confultation 6th June, of a Complaint made in 
 the NaboFs Letter to Sir Ed. Hughes. 
 
 Minute of the Frejident^ delivered in 6th June 1776. 
 
 'T'HE Prefident then obferves, that there was, in the letter frbitJ the Nabob 
 to Sir Ed. Hughes, an accufation of his having ordered people, in the 
 middle of the night, to enter the Nabob's garden, pretending that he hdd 
 information of the Nabob's having ordered fome people ro be ill-treated 
 there. 
 
 The Prefident adds, that he thought moft of the Men.bfrs of the Council 
 had been acquainted with the cafe alluded to ; and although he had widied, 
 for the credit of the Nabob, to have taken no public notice thereof, yet 
 for his (the Prefident's) vindication, it appears necc;flary to mention at "this 
 time. 
 
 On the loth of May he received the following report from the Head Hir- 
 carrah. 
 
 Report of the Head Hircarrah^ 
 
 After the Nabob took the Marawar's Country, the Circar's people plun- 
 dered every thing belonging to the faid Marawar's managers j among the 
 
 reft.
 
 [ 93 ] 
 
 reft, one Vellayan Chirrocar'shoufe was plundered, and his daughter remained 
 in the faid country very poor. 
 
 One Vurrapilla,..an enemy to her, told the Nabob that flie was worth 
 money ; upon which he ordered her to be brought under guard to him, and 
 accordingly fhe and two more women, and about 13 men, were brought toChe- 
 pauk, the Company's bounds, a few days ago; butupon examining the women, 
 there was no money to be got from her, as expedled ; on this, the faid enemy 
 told the Nabob, that if he would fend her back along with him to the faid 
 country, he will put her to the torture and recover the money. The woman 
 could not go for fear they would murder her ; but they are forcing her to 
 go, and fhe declares, that if (he is forced fhe will kill herfelf. As fhe is now 
 in the Company's bounds, fent to acquaint your Lordfliip with the above 
 violence, and beg you to fave her life ; and as it is my duty to acquaint you 
 with any news or violence that might be committed in the bounds, I thought 
 fit to make this report to your Lord/liip. 
 
 The Prefident was upon a vifit, and at fupper, when he received this in- 
 formation , and as the Nabob's gardens and thofe to the Company's houfe 
 join, he ordered the Hircarrah to wait at the gardens till his return, and to 
 wa,tch if thefe people pafTed ; about eleven o'clock, the Prefident flopping 
 at the gardens, in his way to the fort, was informed that the woman was 
 not come away, but that lome of the people were carried OiT towards St. 
 Thome ; upon which the Prefident thought proper to direft the ofBcer of 
 the guard to fend a Havildar and fume Sepoys, who overtook them at St. 
 Thome-, and the Prefident, at the fame time, gave to Sail, one of the Com- 
 pany's waiting Peons, the written information he had received, and diredled 
 ihim to carry it to a houfe of the Nabob's, where many of his fervants ge- 
 nerally are, and to defire that the woman might not be removed till he faw 
 the Nabob in the morning -f-. 
 
 (A true Copy.) D. Baine, Dep. Mil. Stc. 
 
 Though Lord Pigot negledted to communicate his proceedings 
 at Tanjore, to the Supreme Council at Bengal, they had received 
 information of the hoflilities and outrages, which his Lordfhip had chofen 
 t There does not appear to have been the flighteft foundation for this idle tale. 
 
 to
 
 [ 94 ] 
 
 to commit within the territories of the Nabob. The following letter was 
 therefore fent from Bengal, on the 15th of May; and it was received at 
 Madras early in the month of June. The Supreme Council confider his 
 Lord(hip's conduft, in invading the Nabob's territories, and feizing the 
 perfons of his officers, " a violation of the independent rights of the 
 " Nabob of the Carnatic ; in which charafter Mahomet Ally Cawn is ac- 
 " knovvledged by the treaty of Paris ; and that the tranfaftion is not 
 " warranted by the Company^s orders." 
 
 Letter from the Supreme Council., May 15th 1776. 
 
 To the Right Honourable George Lord Pigot, Preftdent, (^c. Council at Fort 
 
 St, George. 
 
 My Lord and Gentlemen, 
 W/ E have been favoured with your letter of the 15th April. 
 
 The Court of Diredors having been pleafed to tranfmit to us a copy of 
 their letter to your Prefidency, dated 12th April 1775, containing their 
 commands on fundry very important regulations and arrangements for the 
 conduft of their political interefts in the Carnatic, and exprefsly command- 
 ino- us to co-operate with you, and to yield you our affiftunce in bringing 
 them to a fpeedy and happy conclufion j 
 
 We have waited with great impatience to this time for your advices, with 
 refpeft to the manner in which you have carried thoje orders into execution ; 
 but have hitherto received no information in any way relating to them, ex- 
 cept the fummary intelligence contained in your letters of the 17th 
 February and 29th March, that the fubftance of the Company's orders, re- 
 lative to Tanjore, had been communicated to that Raja ; that a ganifon of 
 the Company's forces had been admitted to relieve the Nabob's troops in 
 that fort; and that your Prefident had fet out for Tanjore, for the purpofe 
 of carrying the Company's orders into efFccft ; but to this time we are 
 totally uninformed of all the previous and intermediate meafures and refo- 
 lutions, which have been taken for the accomplifhment of the various 
 objcdts of this general fubjei^l, recommended in the general letter above- 
 mentioned ; and -of the negotiations which have palled between the Prefident 
 
 and
 
 [ 95 ] 
 
 and the Nabob and Raja. We therefore desire, that you will tranfmit to 
 us copies oi all your proceedings^ which have a relation to this object of your 
 inftruflions, as well as copies of all your correfpondencc on the fame fub- 
 jedl, with your Prefident, fince his departure. 
 
 We are the more defiroiis of receiving thefe materials, as we are informed, 
 that an officer at the head of the Company's troops, had been fent to 
 Eleanore-f-, which we undcrftand is fituated without the boundary of the king- 
 dom of Tanjore, to feize upon one or more of the Nabob's officers, and had 
 carried him or them with their papers to Tanjore. This aft requires expla- 
 nation. If ic was necejjary, in order to carry the Company's intentions into 
 execution, you will be juftified by your inftruftions. But this tranfadlion, 
 as far as we are yet acquainted with it, appears to us, a violation of the 
 independent rights of the Nabob of the Carnatic; in which charafler Mahomet 
 Ally Cawn is acknowledged by the treaty of Paris j and that it is not 
 warranted by the Company's orders. 
 
 We farther defire, that you will caufe copies to be made of all the 
 treaties which are now in force between your Prefidency and any of the 
 country powers, or which may at any time have been guaranteed by you, 
 and tranfmit them to us by the firft opportunity. 
 
 We are, 
 
 My Lord and Gentlemen, 
 
 Your moft obedient humble fervants, 
 
 Fort William, 
 the 15th May 1776. WaRREN HASTINGS', 
 
 J. Clavering, 
 George MoNso^f, 
 Richard Barwell. 
 (A true Copy) D. Baine, Dep. Mih Sec. 
 
 In anfwer to the preceding requifitcrial letter, from Bengal, the prefiden- 
 cy wrote the following, on the 13th of June. Lord Pigot endeavours to 
 explain away his Oivn afts of hoftility at Arialore. He leaves the Supreme 
 Council to find out his other outrages of the fame kind, 
 
 f Arialore. 
 
 * N 4 ■ The
 
 [ 96 ] 
 
 ^he Jnfwer of the Preftdency of Madras to the Letter of the Supreme Council. 
 
 'to the Honourable JVarren Hajiings, Efq\ Governor General, i^c. Council of 
 
 Fort William in Bengal. 
 
 Honourable Sir and Sirs, 
 "07 E have had the honour to receive your letter of the 15th May. 
 
 Incapable as \vc are of being intentionally wanting in refpeSl to you, or 
 deficient in our duly, we thought the information contained in our letters of 
 the 17th February and 29th March, refpefling Tanjore, was all which was 
 material at that time; our political fituation has undergone no change, ex- 
 cept with refpetft to Tanjore •, and our letter of the 14th May, contains a full 
 account of the Raja's requeft, and our refolution thereupon. But as you 
 are pleafed to defire to have a copy of all our proceedings *, in relation ta 
 Tanjore, the fame Ihall be tranfmitted with all convenient expedition. 
 
 Our Prefident acquaints us, " That as he pafled through the Tanjore 
 " country, he found the proper officers, with all the accounts, had been re- 
 " moved by the Nabob's orders from the villages -f, and was foon informed, 
 " that every part of the country was in the fame fituation ; that every means 
 *' had been taken to throw difficulties in his way in the execution of the 
 " Company's orders, and to diftrefs tlie country and inhabitants. That 
 *' without the affittance of the Dobeer and his accounts, it would have 
 " been impoffible for the Raja to have obtained any knowledge of the re- 
 " venues, or indeed to have been properly placed in t!ie management of 
 " his country ■, this man having been firft minifter, and in faft. governed 
 *' the Tanjore country \ for thefe fifty years paft. After Tanjore was taken, 
 " he told the Nabob's fecond fon, who commanded there for his father, 
 *' that he would not defert his mafter in his misfortunes, and refufed to a£l, 
 
 * The proceeding: of the Council were noi material. They were ordered implicitly to obey 
 the injunftions given by the Diredlors, relative to Tanjore. The ma/ma/ correfpondence paflcd 
 between the Nabob and Lord Pigot ; but as his Lordfliip has not chofen to tranlinit that correfpond- 
 cnce to the Court of Dircflors, it is not to be fuppofed he will be more complaiCant to the Su- 
 preme Council. 
 
 •}■ Yet the Nabob h»d aflured his LordOiip, that the accounts of every village were to be found 
 in i'.feF. His Lordlhip was not at the trouble of enquiring. 
 
 I What then bccnme of the authority of his Lordfhip's old friend Pertaub Sing? What of the 
 prsrogativxs of his Maje/ly Tuljagce ? 
 
 " until
 
 L 97 ] 
 
 «* until he carried him to the Raja, and defired the Raja to lay his com- 
 « naands upon, him. On his (the prefident's) proceeding for Tanjore, the 
 " Nabob ordered the Dobcer to be fcnc out of the Tanjore country, with 
 " all the public accounts. The Dobeer had retarded his journey by va- 
 " rious pretences, and fent a meffage to the Raja, defiring that he might 
 " be condufled to Tanjore. The troop which attended the prefident, was 
 " therefore fent to efcort him ; but when the troop arrived at the place, 
 « whence the meflage to the Raja had been fent, they found the Dobeer 
 " had been conveyed from thence to Arialore ; whither tlie commandino- 
 " officer of the troop followed, and efcorted him to Tanjore. 
 
 " Our prefident wrote the Nabob, that if he would pleafe to order the 
 " feveral Amildars and other officers, to return with their accounts to the 
 " Dobeer of Tanjore, juftice might be done to every man, and the coun- 
 " try reftored in a proper and equitable manner. The Nabob, however, 
 " to this day, has not been pleafed to do fo." 
 
 Our prefident adds, " he has always endeavoured to tranfadl the bufinefs 
 «' of the Company, in the manner mod agreeable to the Nabob *, but his 
 " rule has ever been, that the Companfs bufinefs mtifi be done." 
 
 We will never lok fight of the treaty of Paris ; but we cannot believe, 
 that treaty can be conftrued to obftrudl any proper meafure, which may be 
 neceffary for the Company's fecurity, or thefafcty of the Carnatic f . 
 
 We have the honour to enclofe you an extradt of our honourable Matters 
 orders to this prefidency/fcT Royal Henry, dated the 25th November i7;5, 
 and alfo of the general letter from England received by the Lord Camden. 
 We have no advices from you on the fubjeft, to which this letter relates, 
 fmce your letter of the 7th March, &c. 
 
 We have the houour to be. 
 
 Honourable Sir and Sirs, 
 Fort St. Georr;e, your moil obedient, and moft humble fervants, 
 
 131I1 June, 1770. 
 
 PI GOT, &c. Council. 
 [A true copy] D. Baine, Dep. Mil. Sec. 
 
 • Witnefs the whole of tlie preceding conrerences and letters ! ! ! 
 
 . f. This is a neiv axiom in politics, that hofiility and invafon are nece.Tar;' for the A«"-'0' and 
 fafety of a country. 
 
 O Though
 
 [ 98 ] 
 
 Though Lord Pigof, in his conference with the Nabob, on the 27th of 
 May, when his Lorddiip flew into indecent fitsof paffion, defired his High- 
 nefs " to forgive hh faulty for he \\^A [poken through jnadnefs •" he feems to 
 have relapfed into his former rage, upon the Nabob's application to Sir Ed- 
 v/ard Hughes, for protedlion. The ftory concerning the poor woman, being 
 litle credited, his Lordfhip had recourfe to a tale he had heard about chil- 
 dren. This tale, upon being canvafTed, fell alfo to the ground. The Na- 
 bob had never heard of the children, nor was the man in his fervice. The 
 perfonwhjhad the children, was a merchant, a native of Arcot, and had 
 long deait in that fpecies of commerce; which is commom in the eaft, 
 though not praftifed in Europe. It appeared, that this child-merchant 
 had bought the children from their parents, and had treated them with 
 great care and humanity ; the Nabob, however, upon being informed of 
 the circumftances, ordered the children to be releafed, gave them money, 
 and fent them back to their parents. 
 
 Extras of Minutes of Confullation, iph June 1776. 
 
 npHE Prefident reprefents to the Board the many difficulties that attend 
 the confl;ant refidence of the Nabob within the Company's bounds, 
 from the frequent afts committed, which are incompatible with our laws. 
 
 Inftances of murder, imprifonments, thefts, tortures, and fuch like of- 
 fences committed by the Nabob's people, wherein the interference of this 
 Government is indifpenfably neceffary, have already happened in the fhort 
 time the Prefident has been here. He fliould ill deferve the truft repofed 
 in him, if he let information of fuch a nature pafs unnoticed; and if he is 
 not paffive, the Nabob will ever think his dignity hurt *. 
 
 Another inconvenience arifes from the fuits in the Mayor's court, againfl: 
 the Nabob's family and attendants, which occafion applications that mult 
 ky the Prefident under the greateft embarrafiment. 
 
 • Thefe general accufetions will gain little credit till fafls are proved. 
 
 Tlie
 
 [ 99 3 
 
 The Nabob has not mentioned it in his letter to Sir Edward Hughes, but 
 the Prefident knows well he was mod chagrin'd at the Prefident's having 
 releafcd fome children, ftolen by a Moorman, formerly, if not at prefent in 
 the Nabob's fervice, and who was ftopt in the Company's bounds, but con- 
 veyed away by the Nabob's officers into his Highnefb's country, and there- 
 by has eluded the juftice of the Englifh laws. Of thefe children nineteen 
 were taken from the Tanjore country, one from St. Thome, and two froni 
 Cuddalore. 
 
 The Prefident being defirous to avoid every occafion of givifj^ difgtijt to the 
 Nabob, and as circumftances muft occur daily to increafe his difcontent 
 whilft he remains here, the Prefident propofcs as the moft effedual me- 
 thod to prevent thefe mifunderftandings, that it be recommended to the 
 Nabob to refide at Arcot f. 
 
 Agreed that the Prefident be defired to addrefs a letter to the Nabob to 
 that efFe£t. 
 
 Carried againfl: the queftion 7 to 5. 
 
 (A true extrad) D. Baine, Dep. Mil. Sec. 
 
 The following is Mr. Mackay's opinion on the Prefident's minute, inferted 
 in the draught of the general letter par. 8. proposed by the Prefident, but 
 rejeSied by a majority of the Council. The Prefident's words were, " the 
 " Prefident recommends, that agreeable to the Company's Handing orders, 
 « no member of the Council do henceforth vifit, or correfpond by writing or 
 «' by mejfage, with the Nabob, or either of his fons." 
 
 Extras of Minutes of Confidtation, lyth June 1776. 
 
 T Put my negative on the Prefident's queftion, becaufe I think the Court 
 
 of Diredtors do not mean, that the Nabob Ihould be prevented from 
 
 feeing any perfon whatever, much lefs members of this Government. I con- 
 
 \ This ftrange motion was furely the cfFeft of palTion ; and it met wiih the fate it deferved. 
 It had been uiiiformly the policy of former Governors and Councils to encourage the Nabob to 
 Jive at Madrar, that they might partake in h;s councils ; his inttrc-ftj and thofe of the Britilh na- 
 tion were infeparable. 
 
 O 2 ceive
 
 [ 100 ] 
 
 eeive thefe orders miift only mean that all conefponclence with the Nabob, 
 and other country powers on then- affairs, Iliould be carried on by the Pre- 
 fident, and nothing more. 
 
 I apprehend, that making an order now, that members of the Council 
 fhould not vifit the Nabob, would be extremely improper, and more efpe- 
 cially as accufatiom from the Nabob r.gainjl the Prefident are now before the 
 " Board. 
 
 George Mackay. 
 
 As a fequel to the preceding papers, relative to Tanjore, it is thought 
 proper to print the general letter in the military department, on the fame 
 fubjed. The letter from the Raja, alluded to, is fubjoined; it being judged 
 improper, to break the chain of the correfpondence between the Nabob 
 and Lord Pigor, by placing it in the order of time. In this letter of the 
 Council, in their military department, they feem to approve of Lord Pigot's 
 conduft at Tanjore. They afterwards dilapproved of the whole of the Pre- 
 fident's conduSl, when at that place. This contradidion, in the fentiments 
 of the members, proceeded from their being better informed cfterwardsy 
 than on the 14th of May. 
 
 General Letter from Fort St. George. 
 To the Honourable the Court of Directors, Sec. 
 
 Military Department, May 14th lyyS^ 
 
 WJ'E paid our refpedls to you by the Ankerwyke and Hilfborough, under 
 
 date the 14th February, and then acquainted you, that the Nabob 
 
 had admitted your troops into the garrifon of Tanjore the cjth of that 
 
 month. 
 
 No perfuafions however could induce him to concur in relloring the 
 Raja. He faid hs would no^ oppofe the execution of your orders, but would 
 never confent to give up the Tanjore country. So circumftanced, we deter- 
 mined, in confequence of the order you had been pleafcd to fend us by the 
 Grenville, to reftore the Raja by your authority ; and we thought proper to 
 entruft the execntion of thofe orders to our Prefident. Pie fet out the 30th 
 
 of
 
 of March, and returned from Tanjorc the 5th of May ; and we have now 
 the pleafure to tell you, that the Raja is put into pofTefTion of the whole 
 country his father held in 1762, when the treaty was concluded with the 
 Nabob *. 
 
 His fort is not only garrifoned by your troops, but his country proteifted 
 by them alfo; He has on this account engaged to pay into your cafii 
 400,000 pagodas annually, and will keep no other troops himfelf, but what 
 are neceflary for his guards, the number not to exceed 500. We have the 
 greater fatisfaction in informing you of this, as every meafure we have taken 
 has been at his requefi. 
 
 And the enclofed copy of the Raja's letter, will, we flatter ourfelves, give 
 you perffift fatisfaiftion. We did not think it right to accept any additional 
 country near f Devicotah. We have complied with the Raja's requefl: in all 
 other refpecfls, and our Prefident begs leave to afllire you, that he cannot 
 cxprefs how grateful the Raja is for the juftice you have done, nor how 
 much he merits your countenance and protedion. 
 
 Fort St. George, Wc are, (Sc. 
 
 14th May, 1776. 
 
 PiGOT. A. Dalrymple. 
 
 Geo, Stratton. W. Stone. 
 
 RoBT. Fletcher. Archdale Palmer. 
 
 G. Dawson. Francis Jourdan, 
 
 Henry Brook, Geo. Mackay. 
 Claud Russel. 
 
 The day after the ceremony of the refloration at Tanjore, Lord Pigoc 
 fays he received the following letter from the Raja. As his Lordfhip 
 offered frequently his fervices to the Nabob of Arcot, to write letters 
 to himfelf (as has appeared in the preceding part of this coUedion), 
 we can form no doubt but either he or hisfecretary (or, perhaps, Mr. 
 Dalrymple) held the pen for Tuljagee. This letter therefore may be con- 
 
 * So much flrefs has been laid cpon this Treaty by Lord Pigot, that it was thought proper to 
 print it in this colleftion. 
 
 ■|- Becaufe, having taken the luhoh country, this bccanie as fuperfluous as the Prefident's ex- 
 preffions of the Raja's gratitude, 
 
 fidered.
 
 [ I02 ] 
 
 fidered, as containing his LordJl:)ip' s fcntimentSt (rather than thofe of hisw<J« 
 offtraw,) or at lead what he wilhed to hold forth to the Company as fuch. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from the Raja of Tanjore, 12th Jpril 1776. 
 
 'T' H E fatisfadtion I feel on occafion of fuch a friendfhip and extraordinary 
 juftice as the Company have difplayed towards me is fa great, that were 
 I to becrin to tell you what my mind conceives on the occafion, the fubjedt 
 would never have an end ; had I a thoufand tongues, they coi^ld not ex- 
 prefs my gratitude. When I had an interview with your Lordfhip, I opened 
 to you the fentiments of my heart -, but as mere verbal declaiaaons on this 
 head are infufEcienc, I have thought it proper to write you a letter. 
 
 I Ihall ever confider myfelf as nouriflicd and proreded by the Company, 
 and (hall therefore never ajfifl or fucc ur their enemi.s*, no miafure Ihall 
 ever proceed from me, that is contrary to their interefts -, nor will 1 ever fet 
 on foot any connexion with other powers, without the Company's confent: 
 This 1 have written as a means of increafing the friendfhip that is between 
 us. In the prefnt condition of my country, the placing a garrifon of the 
 Enolifh troops in the fort and city of Taiijorc is exceedingly necejfary \ but 
 befidcs this garrifon, if the Company will allow fome more troops likewife 
 for the protedion of my whole country, this alfo will be highly proper. If 
 by the favour of Heaven this be put in execution, neither I or any of my 
 family will need to apprehend that the calamities of war will fall upon 
 this country again -, and if the Company will only favour me thus far, I 
 will with pleafure affi^n them out of my revenues, the fum of four lacks of 
 pagodas per annim, for their military expences. The mode of payment as 
 follows; November 20,000, December 40,000, January 40,000, February 
 100,000, March 100,000, April 100,000. 
 
 For my body-guard, I fhall keep a body of men from one hundred to 
 five hundred i and I want not to have one man either of horfe or foot, 
 more than that number. 
 
 • This he had/iver« to do before; but he broke bis oath, 
 
 7 As
 
 [ I03 ] 
 
 As my finances are in utter diforder, and the (late f of my country all in 
 confiifion, I mufl: throw myfelf on the Company for my prcfent fupport. I 
 therefore wilh them to buy of me at a realbnable rate, all the grain of the 
 prefcnc year, except wh.ic my country may be in need of. By this meafiire 
 the Company will not be burthencd, and I Ihall be enabled to defray the 
 expences of my government, without running in debt. 
 
 Finally, as the Fort of Devecotah has no country annexed ro it, I 
 beg the Company will take what they think proper as a depe.idancy 
 thereon. 
 
 The country of Tanjore is the Company's •■, I here only beg, that they 
 ■will preferve my h6nour. 
 
 Remarks on the Raja's Letter. 
 
 1 T appeared, that Father Swartz, Colonel Harper and the Colonel's 
 Debafh, were the penmen of the epiftolary correfpondence of the King of 
 Tanjore^ on the lejfer affairs of his kingdom j but this letter bears the mark 
 of higher authority, being indubitably the performance of the /^/«^'s KING. 
 The letter is fo full of abfurdity, that it defeats the intention of the writer; 
 and proves to demonftration the reverfe of what he meant to infinuate; viz. 
 that the Raja is a free agent ; and that he is thankful for the mode in which 
 he has been reftored. It proves alfo, what the Right Honourab'e writer 
 did not mean lo prove ; that he has had interviews wiih the Raja, and that a 
 fyjlem of corruption is eftablifhed, by which two thirds of the revenues of the 
 country may be funk into private pockets, without account ; and that 
 individuals may occafion a famine in the kingdom of Tanjore, under the 
 pretence of buying, for the Company, the fuperabundant grain at their owti 
 price. 
 
 What are the neceffities, by the fyftem eftabliflied, which oblige the Raja 
 to fell the intire corn of his fertile country at atiy price ? What are the 
 bleffings for which he is fo thankful, that a thoufand tongues could not 
 recount them ? 
 
 ^ All the fervants of the Nabob, placed for the manaj^ement of the country and the collec- 
 tion of the revenues, had been removed by violence, and perfons chofen by Vincatachelum, Lord 
 Pigot's Banyan or Debaih, put in their ftead» 
 
 The
 
 [ 104 ] 
 
 The revenues of Tanjore amount to aboutaolacks of pagodas, or 800,000/. 
 at leaft annually ; the Raja is not to maintain a fingle foldier, the Company 
 al his requeft having undertaken to proteft the whole, including the capital ; 
 and for this fervice four lacks of pagodas, or 160,000/. are thought fuffi- 
 cient : the furplus therefore is fixtecn lacks, for the 20 lacks per annum are • 
 clear of the charges of colledion. Why then fell all the grain of the 
 country, at the hazard of a famine ? Is the Raja to fpend fixteen lacks of 
 pagodas, or 640,000/. per annum, in riot and debauchery? If not, what 
 becomes of the corn and of thefe fixteen lacks or 640,000/. annually? 
 Lord Pigot, perhaps, can account for them. They are as eafiiy accounted 
 for, as any other part of his Lordfl:!ip's condudt. 
 
 Under the Nabob's management, the Raja had every article of conve- 
 nience, pleafure, and luxury furniflied him •, and enjoyed a fecurity, to v.'Iiich 
 he had ever been a ftranger, on account of the cruelty and opprefTion of 
 his adminiftration, — What has Lord Pigot done more for him ? He has 
 given him a guard of 100 to 500 men, who will fcarcely protedt him better 
 than ihofe who attended him before-, and who will probably hold him- 
 equally a prifoner, without being refponf.bk for his fafety. 
 
 Whether the offer of receiving troops to froteSl the whole country of Tan- 
 jore originated from the Raja or his Right Honourable Reftorer, is perfedly 
 indifferent; but the meafure will bring the Company to fliame let who will 
 be the author of it, being in itfelf a dire<5t breach of the national Guarantee, 
 the Company having thereby feized for their own ufe the moft confiderable 
 dillrift of tlie Carnatic, in violation of the Nabob's independent rights, which 
 they were bound by treaty to preferve. — The Raja, if capable of reafoning, 
 reafoned thus •, " You have feized my fortrefs of Tanjore, you may as well 
 " feize more ; I am a prifoner in my capital and cannot govern my countrv, 
 *' take therefore what land you think proper, as a dependency on Devico- 
 *' tah -," nay, take the v/hole. " The country of Tanjore is the Ccnipany's, I 
 " h.to'e only to beg, that they will preferve my hoKour f." 
 
 However the Governor and Council at Madras may plume themfelves on 
 fuch conduct as tliis ; hov.-ever the Directors at home may approve of fuch 
 fervanis •, the King, the Parliament, and the nation, in whofe name the Na- 
 bob implored the clemency of Lord Pigot in vain ; and to whom he has now 
 
 ■f See t'i.e prcceJinr; letter, fiom l!ic Il^ja. 
 
 2 made
 
 [ 105 ] 
 
 niade his folemn appeal will, it is to be hoped, for the honour of the 
 nition, attend to the faith of treaties'and the call ofjunice; and bring the 
 abufers of delegated powers, the ufurpers of fovereignty, to condign and 
 fpecdy punilhment. 
 
 The befl: comment upon the following letter is the extrad of the letter 
 from the Prefidency, of the fame date, v/hich is fubjoined to it. The firft 
 letter is maniFellly intended to give an impreffion; but an antidote is annexed 
 to the poifon, by the majority of the Council. 
 
 ExtraSl of a Letter propofed hy the Prejident to, he written by Jdmjmfiration 
 here ; followed by a Letter from the Pre/tdent to Court of Dire£lors. 
 
 Fort St. George, 22 d J tme 1776. 
 CHOULD you have received a Qiort letter we wrote you the J4th of May, 
 you will be furprifed to find, that the whole of your Prefident's coudiii,!, 
 during the time he was at Tanjore, has fince been difapproved by a majority of 
 the Council. By the Grenville we fhall tratifmit to you our Proceedings 
 complete; in the mean while we think it necefTary to fay fomethino- on the 
 fubje£t of our divifions. 
 
 We inclofe a letter from Mr. Paul Benfield, dated 19th May, upon wliich 
 it was that day refolved, that the Raja of Tanjore being put in the full pof- 
 fefiion of his country by the Company's exprefs orders, it is the opinion of 
 this Board, that it is not in their power to. comply with Mr. Benfitid's re- 
 qiiefl: in any refpeft. Thofe claims on individuals which bear the appear- 
 ance of having no connedion with Government, not being fufficicntly ex- 
 plained to enable the Board to form an opinion thereon, and the affio-nments 
 of the Nabob not being admiflible. 
 
 A member of the Council, then in the majority, defired this matter might 
 be recDVif:deted at the fucceeding Council; and when it was reconfidered, a 
 majority voted that the rcfolution of the 29th May fiiould not be coiifirmed, 
 which was followed by Mr. Mackay's introducing, on the 14th June, thefc 
 motions. 
 
 P ift.
 
 [ io6 3 
 
 ift, That it is the opinion of the Board, " That the Nabob had a right 
 " to the Government fliare of the crop in the Tanjore country, the produce 
 *' of grain fovvn during the time it was in his pofleffion, and that any mort- 
 " gages he may have given on the fame, are good." 
 
 2d, " That a letter be written to the Raja of Tanjore, to inform him of 
 " the above refolution of the Board, and to recommend to him to give Mr. 
 " Benfield all reafonable afTiftance, in recovering fuch debts as appear to be 
 *' juflly due to him from the inhabitants, as well as to reilore to him the grain 
 " of lafl: year which was in the pofleffion of his people, and faid to be forcibly 
 " taken from him. 
 
 3d, " That it be further recommended to the Raja to account with Mr. 
 *' Benfield for the Government fliare of the grain, in the diftridls afllgned to 
 *' him by the Nabob, and faid to be forcibly taken from his people." 
 
 Thefe motions being fevcrally put to the vote, pafled in the affirma- 
 tive, viz. 
 
 For the Queftion. Againft 
 
 Mr. Mackay, Mr. Stone, 
 
 Mr. Jourdain, Mr. Dalrymple, 
 
 Mr. Palmer, Mr. Ruflcll, 
 
 Mr. Floyer, Mr. Dawfon, 
 
 Mr. Brooke, The Prefident. 
 Sir R. Fletcher, 
 Mr. Stratton. 
 
 "We inclofe you a paper delivered into Confultation the 10th June, by Mr. 
 Dalrymple, containing a funimary account of what had pafled upon the 
 fubjefl, together with another paper delivered in the i7tb, by Mr. Strattoa, 
 Sir R. Fletcher, Mellrs. Brooke, Floyer, Palmer, Jourdam, and Mackay. 
 
 7th. We alfo tranfmit to you a letter we have received from the Governor, 
 General, and Council of Bengal, with our reply thereto *. 
 
 * Tbefc letters are printed in this colleflion. 
 
 8 th.
 
 [ 107 ] 
 
 8th. The Nabob, on the 3d June, addre/Ted a letter to Sir Edward 
 Hughes; copy whereof, together with Sir Edward's letter 10 us, and our an- 
 fwer, came inclofed. The Nabob's letter, which is written in Englifli, and 
 to which he has put his fignature, was voted in Confultation the 17th in- 
 ftant, to have been written purpofely to create animofity among the members 
 of this Government. The Prefident then gave in the following minute. 
 
 " After fuch a letter as that written by the Nabob to Sir Edward Hughes, 
 *' and after the fentiments of the Prefident, exprefled in the reply to Sir 
 " Edward Hughes, as well as what pafiTed in debate upon the fubjedl, the 
 " Prefident does hope the .impropriety, nay indecency, of vifiting the Na- 
 ^^ bob under fuch circumftances, mull ftrike every member of the Council. 
 
 " The Prefident recommends that, agreeable to the Company's ftandino- 
 " orders, no member of the Council do henceforth vifit, or correfpond by 
 *' writing or by melTage, with the Nabob, or either of his fons f." 
 
 The Prefident is more particularly induced to recommend this, as he is 
 informed that the Nabob has been made acquainted with the proceedings of 
 this Board ; and he thinks it very improper any member of the Council 
 fhould be liable to the flightell fufpicion of divulging to the Nabob the pro- 
 ceedinors of Government. 
 
 o 
 
 Your Prefident is of opinion, " that unlefs means are taken to prevent 
 *' Europeans from having connedtion and correfpondence with the country 
 " Government in money matters, as well as others, your affairs will ever 
 " be fubjedt to embarraffment." 
 
 10th. Your Handing orders pofitively prohibit all money tranfacftions with 
 the Country Government ; but fome members of the Council think thefe 
 orders are no longer in force, being fuperfeded by the A(5t of Parliament, 
 which your Prefident cannot admit. 
 
 nth. The conftant ufage of the fervice was, that all intercourfe and cor- 
 refpondence with the country powers was carried on by the Prefident alone. 
 This fcems to be confirmed particularly by your commands of the 2 2d March 
 
 t Vide Mr. Mackay's Minute in reply, on the 17th of June, printed in this colleflion. 
 
 P 2 I771,
 
 C loS ] 
 
 1 77 1, par. 2d and 25th; March 1772, par. 64th. But at prefent almofb' 
 every man claims a right of fuch intercourfe with the country powers as he 
 thin!:s proper. 
 
 12th. The foregoing is the draught of a letter which I propofed to be 
 written to you from your Adminiftration here. But the majority of the 
 Council not confenting theieto, I think it incumbent on rne to tranfmic it to 
 you, and fliall add, that was I fenfible any pare of my condu<St, fince my 
 arrival here, had been improper, I would acknov/ledge and endeavour to 
 redlify it ; but I am perfuaded I have done my duty j:, and my duty only. 
 
 13th. The execution of your orders concerning-Tanjore has given infinite 
 fatisfeclion to the natives in general §. The Nabob was certainly not pleafed % ' 
 but I am convinced he would have acquiefced, had he not been milled by 
 evil couniellors. 
 
 14th. The letter to Sir Edward Hughes, in which fuch apprehenfi&ns are' 
 exprefled of danger to the Nabob's perfon, was not fent till a week after -f 
 ihe vifit, which, it is pretended, gave rife to thofe apprehenfions ; and in 
 the interval I received a vifit from the Nabob's fons, with a melTage of com- 
 pliment from tlieir father [j. The Nabob is perfeflly fenfible that his whole 
 dependence Is on your protenion^; and I am under no doubt that I can 
 be on good terms v;ith him whenever I pkafc; but I think it more for your 
 dignily and i/iiereji, that the Nabob Ihould firll become fenfible of the im- 
 
 X The majority of his own Council, and the Governor-general and Supreme Council ofBea« 
 gal, aie of a very different opinion.. 
 
 § A Gentleman now in London was prefent at Tanjore, when the Raja was reftored by Lord 
 Pigot, in the month of April Ia(t. He declares, that the wholecountry,reme-nibering the former 
 cruelties of Tuljagee, was fliocked at his reftoration. The Genilcntan having queftfoned an old 
 man of rati k and property, a native of Tanjore, how he liked the reftoration of Tuljagee? Th 
 eld man replied, " That it were to be much wifhed fuch a prolligate /iUoiv had never been re 
 " flored ; for, fays he, he is fo mean in foul, and naturally fuch a Barrai.var, (or pimp) that 
 " he would proftitute his filler or daughter to , and even foon cat ^.y with him." 
 
 • We have a pretty good prrof of this in the prtceding paper's. 
 
 + It was ncceffary for the Nabob to found (by the means of others) Sir Edward Hgghes, whe- 
 thcrhe would proteit hitn, as an ally of Great Britain, before he made his application in form. 
 
 II A piece of mere Eajlern polttencfs without any meaning. 
 
 X YethisHighncfsappealsfromtheCoropany lothejulliceof the King, Parliament, and Nation. 
 
 propriety 
 
 10
 
 [ 109 ] 
 
 propriety of bis conduit, in placing his trufl; in men who have as Jittle re- 
 gard for hisinSereJi as they have iov yours -f, 
 
 i will go on as I have brgun, flrongly recommending every meafure th:it 
 appears to me proper, and refokitely maintaining, thr;t nothing (hall be done 
 which, in my opinion, may involve your affairs in difficulty. 
 
 A majority of the Council having rejected the preceding letter, the fol- 
 lowing caution againfl: it was written to the Company. 
 
 ExlraSI cf a Letter from the Governor and Councilof Fort St. George, dated the 
 
 22d June iy-6. 
 
 "3" HE letter now tranfmitted by the Prefident having been propofed by him, 
 to be {^nt from the Board, was rejeSed by a majority of /even to fiur, 
 for reafons which will appear upon the records. We hope you will pafs no 
 opinion upon the fubjefts of thatletter, until you receive the wliole proceeds 
 ihgs; which will be fent.by the next conveyance. 
 
 In the year 1762, Mr. George Pigot having, for reafons 'beft known 
 to himfelf, taken an ailedlion to the interefb of Pretaupa or Pertaub Sing^ 
 Raja of Tanjore, refolved to mike a treaty between that Zemindar and his 
 feudal Lord, the 'Nabob of Arcot. To pdve the way for the treaty, a 
 Company's fervantwas fent'to Tanjore by the Prefidency -at "Madras ; and 
 the "Nabob finding, upon his return, that the conditions propofed to be 
 granted to his feudatory, wgre highly prejudicial to his rights and tftterejis, 
 wrote the following letter. 
 
 Tranjatiou cf a Letter from his Highnefs the Nabob to GcverJier Pigct, dated 
 i\th Zehige £175, or xythjuly lyGi. 
 
 r\ N the 2ifl: Zehige, Mr. Du Pre arrived here from Tanjore, by whofe 
 reprefenlation, I underftand, that the Raja vof Tanjore h.ad verbally 
 
 f It is difficult to fay, whether his Lord(hip means thofe whom be calls r.q/cals in India, or 
 others r^«v, whom he has been pleafed in his conferences to dignify with the fan^e honourable 
 
 apptllaiion. 
 
 X agreed
 
 [ no ] 
 
 aoreed to fettle money matters. Tlie fums, you will be informed of by Mr, 
 Du Pre's letter, aie according to the following conditions. 
 
 Firft, That I fliould give the Raja a full difcharge for what has been 
 fettled to the end of 1 172 Fully. You and I wrote to the Raja in the year 
 1 171 Fufly ; and Mr. Du Pre went in the fame year to Tanjore. The 
 Raja delayed the negotiation for that year. It is now but two days that the 
 year 1172 Fufly is begun, and there are twelve months of it to come; 
 yet the Raja defires that we may not demand any money from him till this 
 year is over. 
 
 Secondly, That the bond of feven lacks of rupees, which he executed 
 to the deceafed Nabob, and for which he is indebted as well as for the 
 prefent tribute, fhould be given up to him, and a difcharge for the fame. 
 
 Thirdly, He propofes to engage to pay the ftipulated fums between the 
 beginning of 11 72 Fufly, to the end of the 11 74, making three years. 
 
 Fourthly, He requires that I fliould give up the fort of Arnce, though 
 even the fort of Tanjore was never given to his ancefl:ors ; therefore, 
 what right can he have in the fort of Arnee ? The thing is this. At the 
 time that King Alum Geer took the kingdom of Hydrobad, the Marattas, 
 thinking that the Carnatic was without a mailer, took poflefllon of it. They are 
 certainly nothing but thieves. Alum Geer flead alive Sevaw, who was father 
 to Raja Sahow ; and Sahow himfelf was put into prifon. Mahomed Caum- 
 baufli, fon of the King *, and the Nabob Afud Cawn Vizier, and Zul- 
 phucaur Cawn Buxfliy were employed to expel the Marattas, and took 
 poflcfllon of the forts of Gingee, Vellore, &c. In the mean time King 
 
 • The word King is never given to any perfon in India except the Mogul. When the Portu- 
 guefe firft made conqucfts in India on the Malabar coaft, they dignified the Samoria and other 
 Rajas with the appellation of King, on account of the refemblance which the word Raja bore 
 to Riy (or King) ; hence we rc.id of the Kings of Cochin, Calicut, See, whofe kingdoms and 
 forces were found unequal to lefi!) a few adventurers. The Portuguefe having made no con- 
 quffts in the interior parts of Hindoftan, thofe Rajas never obtained the royal appellation, though 
 infinitely more powerful than the fouihern F^ajas, fuch as the Raja of Burdvvan, Nudden, &c. In 
 this part of the country R.ijas are fo common, that many of them arc reduced from neceflity to 
 aft a Banyans. Colly Churn (who had been condemned to work on the roads in chains for his 
 villanies) is a Raja, and was Banyan to Colonel Champion. It would have founded rather odd 
 in the army, had C 'lonel Champion faid to one of his Hircarrahs, '' Go tell the King, my Ban- 
 " yan, that I wiint his Mdjcdy immediately to buy nic a larger pair of fhoes." The word Pacha^ 
 and not Raja, means Kin". 
 
 Alum
 
 [ in ] 
 
 Alum Geer died ; and differences arofe between Alum Shaw and Baliauder 
 Shaw. Zulphucaur Cawn, who fupported the Marattas, had, on his requell 
 to Alum Shaw, the Raja Sahow releaicd from prifon. On account of the vari- 
 ance between the deceafcd King's two fons, there was no power em ployed to drive 
 the Marattas out of the country, otherwife the Tanjore country would not 
 have remained in the poflcllion of thofe people. In the firll place, this 
 country belonged to the Hindoos ; the Raja's anceftors polTe/led themfelves 
 of it by deceit. When our King took. Hindoftan, all the Hindoos fub- 
 mitted to him, and agreed to pay him tribute. Thofe people therefore 
 fliould be under our orders, and pay us tribute. The Raja calls himfelf a 
 Maratta -, in what manner the Marattas treated him, I write for your in- 
 formation. When Ragou Zatte Sing came into this country, and took the 
 fort of Trichinopoly from Chundah Saib, he fent a meflage to the Raja to 
 pay him a Crorc* of rupees, otherwife he would take from him the fort of 
 Tanjore. The Raja agreed without hefitation to pay him a Crore of rupees; 
 and as a hoftage, gave Govinderow Suttigar, who was the manager of the 
 Tanjore country, and Ragou Fattc Sing carried him away, and put him 
 prifoner at Cittera. When their troops withdrew from the country, the 
 Raja did not fend even a dam of the money he had agreed to pay, and the 
 hoftage remained fome years in prifon. He at lad bribed the guards, and 
 made his efcape in the time of the late Nabob. 
 
 Fifthly, He wants that the Coallery and Elengaur fliould be in his pof- 
 feflion. The thing is this -, The mound of the river is near the Coallery, 
 whereby the Tanjore people are held in obedience ; you will be informed 
 of the fituation of the mound by my letter to Mr. Du Pre, a copy of 
 which has been fent to you. Should any variance arife, and the mound be 
 in confequence broken down, the Tanjore people would fuftain great lofs ; 
 as they could not in that cafe have water. Subter Aly Cawn broke down 
 this mound, reduced the country, and took pofTeffion of it, and put a o-ar- 
 rifon of fifteen hundred of his troops into Tanjore Fort, under the command 
 of Shien Lutfulla, and looking upon the fort and country as his own, he 
 repaired the mound. 
 
 Suppofe the mafter of the country gives the mound into the hands of the 
 Tanjore people, the boundaries of Tanjore, which are now eight cofs from 
 
 * One million two hundred thoufand pounds. 
 4. Trichinopoly,
 
 [ <I2 ] 
 
 Trichonopolf, will be brought within one cofs of it, which would give 
 o-reat offence to the Zemindars and other inhabitants^ of the Trichinopoly 
 country -,- they v/ili lay, that fach a thing never happtned from the firft 
 eftabHfhrticnt. of the fornrer Rajas, and thst it iir an exrraordrnary meafure, 
 to le.ive the moiin'd at this rime in poffelTion of theTanjore people. }f we 
 afllf^n it to them by v/ritings, how Ihall we be able hete'afVer towithdfaw it? 
 I will grre you an example. The Raja of- Taniore-gt'.\'e by Sunned to the 
 Tondyman,- HeraneHy, &c. In the truce concluded' between the Frenth and 
 ■Englifh iat eighteen frtonths, the Raja (tliough forbid by the Engliflraird me) 
 ■took th« Tondyman's countiy from him by arms-. If Tihy attention is to 
 be criven to a Sunned, the Raja fhould return to the Tondyman, Heranelly, 
 and other countries he took from him ; as alfo, he fliould give up countries 
 which he has, without my Sunned, taken from Malacotty and the Marawar, 
 who are my tributaries. W'lien I demand from them my tribute, which 
 has been a long time due, rht-yercufe themfelves from paying it, by faying, 
 that the Raia has got poffeffiofi of their countries. He fhould give up thefe 
 countries, that I may give eafe to the minds of the Zemindars belonging to 
 Trichinopoly. Though he pays no regard to his own Sunnud, he fhould 
 yet attend, to the Sunnud of others. The fituation of this bufinefs, you'll be 
 fuHy iftforyied of by my letter to Mr. Du Pre, a copy of which 1 have 
 fent to you. 
 
 Sixthly, The tribute which the Raja ufcd to pay to the former 
 Subahdars of Arcot, and to the deceafed Nabob, he has entirely omit- 
 ted, and wiQies to fix his tribute at two lacks of rupees from the year 1I73 
 Fully. All the Raja's propofals are of a nature never mentioned fince the 
 eftablifhment of Trichinopoly and Tanjore, and are fuch as can by no 
 means be approved of. He has given no part of the tribute, &c. due for 
 fit'tcen years, and amounting to above a Crore of rupees. He propofes to 
 pay a little money this year, none the next, and a little the third : Thus it 
 would be a matter of little difference, whether bufinefs is fettled or not. 
 Subter Aly Cawn, and Coja Abdulla Cawn, though they had but few 
 troops, took a large fum from the Raja. By the bltfTing of God, and your 
 fupport and afliftance, I have much more power than they had. If I have 
 not a r'ght to more money than they got, I ought to receive what was de- 
 termined on by my father. Jf it is your intention to fettle this bufinefs 
 according to the Raja's wiftes, through apprchenfion that he may join the 
 
 French
 
 [ »«3 1 
 
 French and Dutch, you may underftand by my letter to Mr. Du Pre, 
 that he has agreed to do that already, what he then promifed them he will 
 now perform. If you do not think proper to fend troops at pTcfent ag^inft 
 Tanjore, we (hall, by the blefling of God, hereafter find means to oblige 
 them to pay the tribute. It is the cuflom of this country, for the fovereign 
 (if the Zemindars do not pay their tribute regularly, and there is not a good 
 opportunity to oblige them to it) to collefl;, when they have the power of 
 doing fo, the tribute and arrears at onc<j. It was agreed on between Bum- 
 rage and me, that he fhould pay me a tribute of ten lalcks of rupees; but 
 not finding a favourable opportunity, I did not then infift on it, but re- 
 ceived, without any condition, what money he would pay. The tribute 
 from Bungaur Yatchum, and the Collaftry Raja, I have received according 
 to agreement, except fifty thoufand rupees from each, which t would not 
 take, as their troops were employed with mine, and fuftered much in 
 battle, as did their Peons -, but I was under no agreement to allow them 
 that money. I write you this long letter, to fliow, that the Tanjore people 
 have not till now employed any mediators in their bufinefs with me, but 
 now you are defirous of being, a mediator. According to the eftablifhmenc 
 of the Zemindars, I cannot alter the tribute ; therefore I think it proper to 
 put off the conclufion of the prefent matters. As there is friendfhip be- 
 tween you and me, I write you th€ fentiments-of my heart. It was my in- 
 tention to fettle the bufinefs of Tanjore, and that the Englifli troops (hould 
 be employed only for the important bufinefs of getting in money for the 
 expence of the Company. I intend, by the bleffing of God, that the re- 
 mainder of the debt due to the Company (which is but trifling), fhall be 
 paidoflfinthe yearn 72 Fufly. If I do not get the whole money due to 
 me from Tanjore, what fhall 1 be a gainer ? If you think that we can re- 
 ceive the money without war, and that I (liould quit the Raja, as I do not 
 approve of rhe before-mentioned terms, and fhould he have the benefit of 
 your mediation, he ought agree to pay in ready money, or by bills of 
 Buckangec, Goverdendafs, and Ballabundar Soucars, at three or four 
 months date, the money due to the end of n;o Fufiy, or at leaft to the 
 end 1171 Fufly. I can tlien give my difcharges to the time fixed. I write 
 you my real fentiments, and hope that the jullice of my claims, and my 
 influence and my power (which are due to the afllftance of the Englifli) 
 
 Q^ you
 
 [ 114 ] 
 
 you will fo far keep in your view, that they may not be lefs than that of 
 former Subadars. 
 
 What can 1 fay more ? 
 
 Notwithftanding the remonftrances of the Nabob, he was forced to agree 
 to the treaty. The injuftice of the conditions, with refped to his Highnefs, 
 is fully fet forth in the preceding letter, but fome farther obfervations upon 
 it (hall be fubjoined. 
 
 Treaty nvith the King of Tanjore in 1762. 
 
 Fort St. George Secret Confultation, the 2otb Sept. 1762. 
 
 A treaty and Jgreement made and concluded between Woomdatool McoUock, Se- 
 rajel Bowlah Anaverde Cawn Behauder, Munfoor Jung^ Nabob of the Carnatic, 
 Pyen Gaut, and Pretaupa Smg, Raja of Tanjore, in manner following. 
 
 "Vy HER E AS a deflruftive war, fomented and carried on by the French 
 and their alhes, againft the faid Nabob, hath for many years laft paft 
 wafted and afRided the province of Carnatic Pyen Gaut, in which war the 
 faid Nabob Annaverde Cawn.Behauder hath, at length, with the affiftance 
 of his allies, proved viflorious, and reftored peace and tranquillity to the 
 faid Province : And whereas, at fundry times during the faid troubles, the 
 faid Raja Pretaupa Sing did yield fome aid and alTiilance to the faid Nabob 
 Anaverde Cawn, whereby, as well as by the neceffary defence of his own 
 kinodom againft the French, he hath been put to great expence : And where- 
 as, by reafon of the faid troubles, neither the account of Paifti cafli due from 
 the faid Raja to the Mogul, and payable to the Nabob of the Carnatic, nor 
 the account of expences of the faid Raja, incurred as aforefaid, have been 
 fettled or adjufticd -, but now, it having pleafed God to reftore peace to thefe 
 countries by the expulfion of the common enemy, the faid Nabob and the 
 faid Raja being equally defirous that the people whom God hath placed under 
 their rule may enjoy the full fruits thereof, have mutually confented to efta- 
 blifh a firm friendfhip between them ; and to that end they have agreed, and 
 do afiree, to fettle and adjuft all accounts and matters of difpute between 
 them in manner following •, and they do faithfully promifc, each for what 
 
 concerns himfelf, punflualiy to perform the fame. 
 
 c I. The
 
 C 115 ] 
 
 I. The faid RajaPretaupa Sing doth hereby oblige himfelf to pay unto the 
 faid Nabob Cawn Behauderthe ium of twenty-two lacks of rupees, coined in 
 the Englilh Eaft IndiaCompany's mint atFort St. George, or the value thereof 
 in ilar pagodas, coined in the faid mint, valuing the faid rupees at the rate 
 of 350 for 100 pagodas, at the times and in manner following, that is to 
 fay. 
 
 On the day of figning this agreement by the faid Pretaupa Sing three lacks 
 of rupees — — — — — 300,000 
 
 In the month of April 1763, five lacks of rupees — — 500,000 
 In the month of November 1763, five lacks of rupees — 500,000 
 In the month of April 1764, five lacks of rupees — — 500,000 
 In the month of Auguft. 1764, four lacks of rupees — 400,000 
 
 In all — — Rupees 2,200,000 
 
 And the faid Nabob Anaverde Cawn Beliauder doth agree to accept of the 
 faid twenty-two lacks of rupees, in full payment and fatisfacflion for or on 
 account of Peifh Calh, and in full of all accounts and demands whatfoever, 
 unto the lOth day of July lad: pad ; being the full term and expiration of 
 the year of Phafley 1171. 
 
 II. The faid Raja Pretaupa Sing doth hereby oblige himfelf to pay yearly, 
 in the month of July, unto the faid Anaverde Cawn Behauder, or his fuc- 
 ceffor, the fum of two lacks of Rupees, as a Peilh Cafli or tribute to the 
 Mogul -, and forafmuch as it hath been the ufage and cuftom to make certain 
 prefents to the Nabob and his principal officers, at the time of paying the 
 annual Peifh Ca(h, the faid Raja doth promife to pay yearly to the faid Na- 
 bob or his fuccefTors, at the day and time of paying the faid Peilh Cafli, the 
 further fums of two lacks of rupees as a prefent •, provided that no further 
 fum, either for Peifli Ca(h or Durbar Charges, be demanded of him ; which 
 faid two lacks, making together four lacks, ftiall be paid in rupees coined in 
 the Company's mint, or in ftar pagodas at the above-mentioned exchange ; 
 and the faid Nabob Anaverde Cawn Behauder doth agree to accept of the 
 firft: named fum of two lacks, in full for the annual Peifli CaOi due to the 
 Mogul ; and alfo of the fecond named fum of two lacks of rupees, in full 
 for the ufual and cuftomary prefents or Durbar Charges ; and doth hereby 
 promife that he will not demand any thing more. 
 
 Q.2 III.
 
 [ n6 j 
 
 ITI. Whereas the faid Nabob Anaverde Cawn Behader hath in his 
 pofleffion a bond given by the laid Kaja Pretaupa Sing, unto the faid Na- 
 bob's late Father Anaverde Cawn Bahader, 'dated the 15th Moon Zehedgha 
 Hygra 1158, for the fum of feven kcks of rupees, which bond appears 
 fair and uncancelled, and without any receipt or indorfement thereon, al- 
 though the faid Raja Pretaupa Sing doth allege, that the fame, or the 
 greateft part thereof, had been difcharged, the faid Nabob Anaverde Cawn 
 Behader, as a teftimony of his good inclinations to cultivate a lafting friend- 
 fliip with the faid Raja, doth promife, at the time of figning this agreement 
 by the faid Raja, will caufe the faid bond to be delivered up to him to 
 be cancelled, as if the fame had been fully paid and difcharged. 
 
 IV. The faid Nabob Anaverde Cawn Behauder doth hereby confirm unto 
 the faid Raja Pretaupa Sing the full and free pofieffion and enjoyment of the 
 diftrifts of Coiladdy and Clangaud, which diftrifts the faid Nabob did give 
 and grant unto the faid Raja during the late troubles, as may appear by the 
 faid Nabob's Saneds. 
 
 V. The faid Nabob Anaverde Cawn Behauder, having expended im- 
 menfe fums during the late troubles, in defence of the province under his 
 government, found it neceflary, after the expulfion of the common enemy, 
 to call upon the feveral Jemidars, Polygars, and Jaguedars, to contribute 
 each a moderate fum, towards reimburfing the monies fo expended in pro- 
 curing the blelTings of the peace of which they became partakers ; and 
 amonfffl: others, did demand of Tremaul Row, Killidar of Arni, his reafon- 
 •able (iiiola •, but the faid Tremaul Row having obftinately refufed to comply 
 dierewich, and having alfo in other refpeds behaved himlclf difobediently, 
 the faid Nabob found himfelf obliged to compel him to a compliance with 
 his demand, and did accordingly fubdue and take the Forts of Arni and 
 Doby Guddy, with all the Jaguecr thereunto belonging, as alfo the perfon 
 of the faid Tremaul Row, with his family and others. The faid Nabob 
 having thus convinced the faid Tremaul Row, and all the world, that he 
 can and will enforce due obedience in all vv.ho are fubjedt to his government, 
 is now equally dcfirous of fhewing to all mankind that compaflion is ibonger 
 in him than refentment. From thefe motives, as well as in condefcenfion to 
 the requeft of the faid Raja, Pretaupa Sing, the laid Nabob doth hereby 
 proaiife, that as foon as the faid Kaja fhall have figncd this agreement, he 
 
 the
 
 [ 117 ] 
 
 the faid Nabob will caufe the faid Tremaul Row, with his family, attend- 
 ants, and all other perfons who were taken and made priibners at Arni, to 
 be releafed and fet at full liberty. And further, that on the day the fum 
 of three lacks of rupees, mentioned in the firft article hereof, ihaW be paid, 
 he will caufe the faid Tremaul Row to be put in full pofieffion of the whole 
 Jagueer he pofrefled and enjoyed before the capture of Ami (excepting 
 however the faid Fort and Doby Guddy, which the faid Nabob will retain 
 in his own poflelTion). And provided that the faid Tremaul Row fhallnoc 
 at any time hereafter ereft, or caufe to be erecled, any fortrefs, walled Pa- 
 goda, or other ftrong-hold ; and that he fhall not even ereft or build any 
 wall round his dwelling-houfe exceeding eight feet high, and two feet thick;, 
 and further, that the faid Tremaul Row fliall in all things beliave himfdf 
 with due obedience to the government, and pay yearly, in the month of 
 July, unto the faid Nabob, or his fucceffbrs, the fum of ten thoufand ru- 
 pees-, and the faid Raja, Pretaupa Sing, doth promife for the faid Tremaul 
 Row, that he fliall in all things demean and behave himfclf accordingly, 
 and pay yearly the ftipuhted fum. 
 
 WE George Pigot, Efq-, Governor of Fort St. George, and all the Forts 
 and Faftories, and places fubordinate thereto, Prcfident of the Council for 
 all the affairs of the Englifli Eaft India Company on the Coafl of Coroman- 
 del, and alfo the faid Council, whofe names are hereunto figned, havinry 
 greatly at heart the peace and tranquillity of the countries Where the Com- 
 pany holds poffeffions, and to which they trade, fee witTi great fatisfaclion 
 the conclufion of the Treaty of Friendfbip between Nabob Woomdatoul 
 Moolock, Serajel Dowlah, Anaverde Cawn, Behauder, Munfoor Jung, Nabob 
 of the Carnatic, Payen Gaut, and Pretaupa Sing, Raja of Tanjore, of 
 which the foregoing is a tranflation; and being willing and defirous, as much 
 as in us lies, to eftablifli the friendfhip between them upon a lading founda- 
 tion, do hereby promife to guarantee the performance of the faid Treaty, 
 being thereunto invited by both parties ; and accordingly we do hereby pro- 
 mife, as far as in us lies, that in cafe either party fliall fail in the perform- 
 ance of the Articles he hath hereby undertaken to perform, or any part 
 thereof, we will to the utmoft of our power affift the other party, to compel 
 him who fliall fail to fulfil his agreement, and to render due fatisfadlion for his 
 failure therein. In witnefs whereof we have hereunto fet our hands, and caufcd 
 6 the
 
 I ii8 ] 
 
 the fcal of the laid Company to be affixed hereto, in Fort St. George, the 
 I2th Oftober 1762. 
 
 George Pigot, &c. 
 
 Ordered, That two copies- thereof be wrote in the Perfian and Maratta 
 languages -, and that one of the Perfian copies, with a Maratta and English 
 tranflation annexed, be executed by the Nabob, and delivered to the King 
 of Tanjore -, and that a Maratta copy, with a Perfian and Englifli tranfla- 
 tion annexed, be executed by the King of Tanjore, and delivered to the 
 Nabob ; and that the inftrument by which the Governor and Council gua- 
 rantee tlie fame, with a Perfian and Maratta tranflation be annexed to each 
 of the parts. 
 
 The following inflruftions are figned and delivered to Mr. Du Pre. 
 
 To Je/Ias Du Pre, Efq. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 Having well weighed and confidered all circumftances relative to the nc- 
 gociation with the King of Tanjore, the nature of the Nabob's demand, the 
 objedlions made by the King, and the propofals offered by him, the confe- 
 quences of a rupture, and the advantages of an accommodation, upon the 
 whole we have come to a final refolution, and have obtained the Nabob's 
 confent to certain articles, which we hope the King may be prevailed on to 
 fubfcribe to ; thefe articles are digefted in form of a Treaty, two parts thereof 
 are delivered you here, with the one figned by the Nabob, the other to be 
 figned by the King, if he approves it, and bochfubfcribed by us as guaran- 
 tees. You are to proceed to Tanjore, and endeavour to prevail on the King 
 to accept the terms propofed i fliould you fucceed herein, in fuch cafe, upon 
 his figning that part of the Treaty which is drawn out in that intention, 
 you are to deliver to him the other part which is figned by the Nabob, 
 and receive from him the fum of three lacks of rupees, mentioned in the 
 firft article of the Treaty to be paid in ready money, or you may accept Soucar 
 bills for the fame. 
 
 You are alfo to receive from the King of Tanjore in ready money or Soucar 
 bills, five lacks of rupee!;, which he offered as a prefcnx. This iiim is not 
 mentioned ia llie Treaty, becaufe it is not the cullom intranfadions^between 
 
 the
 
 [ i«9 ] 
 
 the Indian powers, to mention In public writings the fums given as prefents. 
 Of the faid" fum the Nabob has confented to diftribute amongft the King's 
 principal officers, one lack for their ufiial cuftom, called Datraihy, and the 
 remaining four are to be placed to the credit of his account with the 
 Company. 
 
 By the third article of the Treaty the Nabob promifes, that upon the 
 King's figning the treaty, he will caufe a bond, given by the King to the 
 Nabob's late father, for feven lacks of rupees, to be delivered up and cancel- 
 led ; the faid bond is inclofcd, and you are to deliver it up accordingly, upon the 
 King's figning the treaty, but not oihcrwife. 
 
 The Nabob alfo engages by the 5th article, that on the day of figning 
 the faid Treaty by the King, he will caufe Tremoul Row, late Killedar of 
 Arni,, with his family, &c. to be relealed and let at liberty. Inclofed is the 
 Nabob's order for that purpofe, which is to be ufed accordingly. 
 
 If you fliould not be able to prevail on the King to fign the Treaty as it 
 is drawn out, you are to acquaint him, that you are not empowered to make 
 any further conceflions or alterations j and therefore you are to take your 
 leave and return hither. 
 
 We wifli you fuccefs, and are 
 
 SIR, 
 
 Fort St. George, Your affedionate friends, 
 
 20th Septemlier, 1762, 
 
 George Pigot, &er 
 
 The infringement made upon the Nabob's rights, by depriving him of ■ 
 the province of Tanjore -, the hoftile invafion of his other territories by 
 Lord Pigot's orders, the infults offered to his perfon and authority, the ca- 
 lumnies raifed againft his charadber, and the threatening him with im- 
 prifonment and difgrace, compelled his Highnefs to give positive directions, 
 for laying the following representation- before the Court of Direflors j 
 •which was accordingly done on the nth day of February 1777. 
 
 Te
 
 [ 120 ] 
 
 To the Court of Directors of the United Company of Merchants, 
 
 trading to the Eaji Indies. 
 
 The Rep-efentation of the Nabob Wau Lau Jah, Ummeer id Hind, Omdaht 
 
 id Mulk, Aufuph id Dowla, Unwar ul Bien Khan Behauder, Zuphur Jung, 
 
 Sepoy Saulaur, Soubakdar of the Carnatk -, defiring Redrejs of the Grievances 
 
 Jet forth in his Highnefs's Letter to the Court, bearing date the i zth February 
 
 1776*. 
 
 np H E condufb of your Governor, the Ri^ht Honourable George Lord 
 Pi^ot, has been fubverfive of the guarantee contained in the eleventh 
 article of the Treaty of Paris -, his Lordfhip having treated with difrefpeft 
 and infult, expofed to contempt, and in effedl levied war upon his High- 
 nefs, the avowed friend of the Company, the recognized and moft faithful 
 ally of Great Britain. 
 
 The patience and refignation with which his Highncfs has endured thefe 
 injuries and indignities, though they have fullied his honour and difgraced 
 his government in the eyes of all Hindoftan, demonftrate to the world his 
 reliance on the juftice of the Company, the Faith of Treaties, and the Pro- 
 tection of the King and Parliament of Great Britain. 
 
 The numerous and repeated a£ts of violence, difrefpedt, and hoftility, of 
 which the Nabob complains, and for which he demands redrcfs ; as well as 
 the refignatioa and patience with which he has borne them, and abftained 
 from refiftancci are manifeftin the correfpondence, by letters and conferences, 
 between his Highnefs and Loi'd Pigoti which are ready to be produced to 
 the Court. 
 
 Before the orders of the Court of Diredors for refbring the country of 
 Tanjore to its former Zemindar could be known, or were even fufpefted, by 
 the Nabob, his Highnefs had given it in command to explain to the Court 
 the unlimited extent of his friendfliip for the Company, and his firm reliance 
 and dependance on the juftice, protedtion, and fupport of his Majefty and 
 the Parliament of Great Britain. 
 
 • This letter is already in the hands of ihc Public ; being prefixed to ihc Slatt ofFaSt relative 
 io Ta«iore, 
 
 The
 
 [ 121 ] 
 
 The declarations made to the Court on his Highnefs's p^rt, on, the 13th 
 of February 1776, have fince been confirmed in all his letters to Lord 
 Pigot. In thefe letters he has repeatedly called upon his Lordfliip, rjpt to 
 opprefs the " old and faithful ally of Great Britain, finking in the whirl- 
 pool !" ,He has .pointed out the mifinformation under which the Court of 
 Diredors had given their orders to his Lordfliip; the injuftice of thefe or- 
 ders, their bad policy, their inconfiftency and direfl breach of former 
 orders, and their infradlion of the National Treaty, by which his High- 
 nefs's rights are fecured to him and his heirs for ever. He has conjured his 
 Lordfhip, in the name of the King., the Parliament, the Nation of Great 
 Britain, to defer the carrying his orders into execution, until the Court of 
 Diredors fliould have time to take his remonftrances and complaints into 
 mature deliberation, and reconfider what they, or rather a former Court, 
 had done. 
 
 That Lord Pigot might have no excufe for refufing this requefl, the Na- 
 bob offered in the mean time to fulfil all the ftipulations made by his LordfLip 
 with the Raja, to pay the troops admitted by his Highnefs as a garrifon into 
 Tanjore, to defray the expence of the Raja's houfehold, to increafe his 
 allowance to whatever fum Lord Pigot pleafed ; and to depofit the furplus 
 revenues in facred triift, not to be appropriated until the Company Ihould 
 decide upon his right. 
 
 But every inflance of condefcenfion on the part of his Highnefs, has 
 been repaid by an increafe of perfonal difrefpeft on the part of Lord Pigot; 
 who at length proceeded fo far, as to threaten the Nabob with placing " a 
 *' guard of foldiers on his houfe ; and to keep him in prifon, and in his own 
 " power :" which obliged his Highnefs to apply to the Commander in Chief 
 of his Majefty's fquadron for protedion, as an infulted ally of the King and 
 nation, threatened with every niilchief to be apprehended from a man, 
 whofe power was great, who daily abufed it, and whofe enmity knew no 
 bounds. 
 
 Under opprefTions and injuries, fuch as never before were offered to a 
 Prince in his own dominions, the Nabob relied on the juftice of his caufe 
 for redrefs ; and in order to demonftrate the reftitude of his intentions be- 
 
 R yond
 
 [ 122 ] 
 
 yond the poClbility of a doubt, his Highnefs noit) declares, that he wlflien 
 for nothing fo much as a thorough inveftigation of his rights -, and in the 
 mean time he will confent, " that the country of Tanjore (hall be managed 
 *■'■ by comminion -, that the fubfidy for the maintenance of the Englifh gar- 
 " riibn Qiall be paid ; the expences of the Raja's houfehold and guard 
 " defrayed ; the charges of Government borne •, and the furplus of reve- 
 *' nues depofited with the Crown of Great Britain in truft, until the mat- 
 *' ter of right (hall be decided. Thecommiflion for managing the country 
 *' to confift of three perfons -, one to be named by his Highnefs, one by 
 " the Raja, and a third by the Governor General and Supreme Council 
 *' of BengaL" 
 
 But the Nabob thinks himfelf bound to declare, with that candour which 
 ■will ever guide him in Ins tranladions with the Company, that if this 
 friendly propofition on his part Ihall not meet with an acceptance, he will 
 find himfelf under the necefTity of calling upon the guarantees of the 
 Treaty of Paris, in the mod folemn manner ; and of petitioning the King 
 and Parliament of Great Britain, to take him and his territories into their 
 immediate protedion. For his Highnefs muft confider the breach made 
 upon the national guarantee, the indignities offered to his perfon, the infults 
 put upon his government, and the afts of hoftility committed againft him 
 (if not redreffcd without delay), to be a total infringenient ©n the friendly 
 <:onne6lion between his Highnefs and the Company. 
 
 What can his Highnefs fay more?- 
 Loadon, x ithivtbruary 1777. 
 
 O B S E R V A-
 
 I 123 ] 
 
 O B S E R V A IM O N S. 
 
 r-^HOULD the Court of Diredors refufe the propofuion contained in 
 O the foregoing Representation of the Nabob, their temerity could 
 not fail to aftonifh the Proprietors, as much as it would the world in general. 
 His Highnefs declares in exprcfs terms, that he " muH: confider all friendly 
 " intercourfe with the Company to be at an end the moment his propofi- 
 " tion is rejedled by them •, and that he muft, in felf-defence, cbim the pro- 
 " teflion of the King and Parliament, and petition that he may be taken, in 
 " matters of territory, out of the hands of the Company for ever." 
 
 Is this a matter of fo little importance to their conftltuents, that the Di- 
 redtors fhould not think the propofuion worthy of their deliberation ? Could 
 they vindicate, upon any principle of policy or juftice, the rejeclion of an offer, 
 which, in effeft, leaves the decifion of the point in difpute entirely to them- 
 felves, while it provides the only pofTible fecurity, that the country of Tan- 
 jore may not be ruined in the mean time, and the revenues fquandered 
 without account, check, or control ? 
 
 In fuch a cafe would it be unfair to judge, that the fame hidden motives, 
 which firll: brought about and obtained the abfurd and unjuft orders for 
 the reftoration of Tanjore, flill operated againft reverfing them ? Nothing 
 would Iiave been more probable, if we were to reafon from the meafures 
 which were faid to have been intended to be purfued by the leadhigY)\rt&OTS, 
 in refpeft of this bufinefs. Inftcad of coming to a manly inveftigation of 
 the Nabob's rights, and the caufes of their own errors, it was much feared 
 tecourfe would have been had to (liifts equally trifling, inefFcftual, and un- 
 candid. The abettors of the orders endeavoured to intrench themfelves 
 
 R 2 behind
 
 [ m ] 
 
 behind mufty, umtuhoritative records, which prove nothing but the igno- 
 rance of the compiler, and to avail themfelves of a minijlerial fan£?ion, 
 which only tends to (hew their own want of candour and audacity, in ven- 
 turing to lay an unfair, partial, and mutilated Jtate of the cafe, before the 
 Secretary of State, for his confideration. The DireFlors who drew ir, 
 or directed it to be drawn, knew that lau^yers give their opinions conformable 
 to the ftate laid before them. And the ftate of the Nabob's cafe was cal- 
 culated, by mifreprefen cations and mifinformations, by perverfion of fome 
 facts, and fupprefTion of others, to furprife the IMinifters into fuch an opi- 
 nion as the leaders wanted, not fuch as juftice to a faithful ally required. 
 
 In vain would they endeavour to prove, as a defence of their meafures, 
 *' that the Raja of Tanjore has been called King, and exercifed rights of 
 " fovereignty for a long tirr^e back ; that t-he Company derived pofTefTion 
 " of lands from his Sunneds ; that Mahomed AH Cawn is not the eldeft fon 
 " of his father -, that the Ivajii wa'S orde.vd by a Phirmaund of the Mogul 
 " to pay his tribute to the Buxy of the Empire at Delhi, and not to the 
 '' Soubahdar of the Carnacic-," and many other points equally important. 
 For it will be found, that all the arguments drawn from thence will militate 
 a^ainft themfelves, and demonftrate tht fuietlative ignorance of their Cou- 
 FILER, both in regard of the ancient and prefent ftate of India. 
 
 As there is reafon to think that thofe who oppofe juRice in the India- 
 houfe lay great ftrefs on fuch like arguments, let us confider each of thcfe 
 heads briefly. 
 
 ift, " The Raja of Tanjore has obtained the title of King in the Com- 
 pany's Records," &c. This only p'-oves, that the Company were unac- 
 quainted with the meaning of the word Raja. Till within thefe thirty years, 
 the Company, and even their fervants abroad, were totally ignorant of the 
 interior parts of the Mogul Empire : they were confined to the mere diftridls 
 of the faftories, and did not dare to ftir beyond the verge of their grants. 
 At Bengal their utmoft limits did not extend two miles from the fort-, and 
 ftragglers were liable to the moft degrading infults and punilhments if they 
 ventured beyond them. The Raja of Kirtnagur (who, by the bye, never 
 obtained the title of King) has frequently fent back fervants of the Company 
 flung hand and foot on a bamboo, carried on the fhoulders of black men, 
 for ftraying out of the limits of Calcutta. Tempora mutantur ! There are 
 fcventccn Rajas of conk que nee, and hundreds of no confequence, in Bengal. 
 
 Their
 
 [ 125 ] 
 
 Their numbers are no lefs confiderablc on the Malabar and Coromandcl 
 coafl-s, as well as in Ofixa. Do the oppoCmg Dire^ors intend to ereft the 
 hamlets of all thefe Hindoo dignitaries into kingdoms, and to reftore to inde- 
 pendence upon their fbvereign Lord, all the reduced Rajas of Tinivelly, 
 Madura, Travancore, Colaftry, Marawar, Malcooty, Arrialore, Ramanade- 
 poram, WarriarpoUam, Shevagunge, Alienoor, Volgole,, Pulnaud, &c. 
 and to treat them with titles of royalty ? A noble Lord a,t prefent ftyles bis 
 (realure, or rather his prifoner, the Raja of Tanjore, King -, and addrefles 
 him under the appellation of your Majesty. Every one of tlie Rajas 
 above mentioned, as being of the ancient families of their diftridls, have a 
 better right to appellations of diftindion than the Zemindar of Tanjore ; 
 and, perhaps, if each of them had had as much wealth as the Raja of Tan- 
 joTe, each of them would have found a candidate for the peerage, to take him 
 by the hand. While the latter, in his turn, might have found a leading Di- 
 reBor to patronife him, in fpite of common fenfe, the law of nations,, and the 
 faith of treaties. 
 
 2dly, " The Company hold lands by Sunneds of the Raja of Tanjore." 
 This only proves that the Company has been ready to accept lands on a very 
 bad title, or on no title. When this Raja attempted to grant lands by Sunned 
 to the Dutch and Danes, and to exercife rights of fovereignty, the Directors 
 of 1766, 1767, and 1769, ordered that he lliould be reduced to obedience. 
 But Direftors fometimes degenerate ! 
 
 D 
 
 0' 
 
 jdly, " Mahomed Ali Chan is not the eldeft fon of his father."— This to 
 be fure.is a wonderful difcovery ! Maupheus Chan, his elder brother, lives 
 with him in great hirmony at Chepauk. Can it be ignorance that makes 
 fome Direftors at this time of day encourage fuch a plea as this ? If they 
 have not acquired a deeper knowledge of the Muffulmen or Mogul confli- 
 tution, they ought to read the Alcoran, to learn the law ; or the hiftories of 
 Orme and Dow, to learn the cuftoms. What pofuive right of inheritance 
 is derived from primogeniture in the Eafti Do the eldeft born fucceed once 
 in ten times at Conftantinople ? Have they fucceeded ofcener at Delhi ? By 
 what right do the Diredlors endeavour to extend our laws of fucceffion to 
 the Eaftern princes ? If this is not a fufficient anfwer, we need not expcft 
 that the oppofing Direftors will deign to read the eleventh article of the 
 
 TR£ATV
 
 [ 126 ] 
 
 Treaty of Paris in regard to Maliomed AH Chan's rights, for they 
 have fo trodden that Treaty under foot that it is no longer legible hy them. 
 
 4thly, " The Raja was direfted by Phlrmatind of the Mogul to pay his 
 " tribute at Delhi, and not to the Soubah," We imagine certain Di- 
 reflors were not aware of confequences when they direifled the ufc of this 
 argument; for it deftroys their favourite Treaty of 1762, which is a direft 
 contravention of the Mogul's Phirmaund. Befides, it grants what they wilh 
 to deny ; vi%. That the Raja is nor, nor was a great and independent fove- 
 reign, but an humble tributary, obedient to the Mogul's Phirmaund, as we 
 have all along contended. As for the Phirmaund itfelf, it only proves, that 
 the Soubahdar of the Carnatic at the time was refradlory, and did not ac- 
 count for his tributes to the Mogul; no unufual circumftance in that em- 
 pire. This Phirmaund however 'did not continue long in force, for the Raja 
 of Tanjore's tribute was afterwards eicher paid, or compelled to be paid, to 
 the fubfequent Soubadars, Ally Dooft Chan, Subter Ally, and Anwar-ul- 
 Dien Chan the Nabob's father. 
 
 If Phirmaunds neverthelefs have fo much weight ^\\\\fome Direcflors, why 
 do they not give their proper weiglit to thofe Phirmaunds of the Mogul 
 which ceded the fovereignty of the entire Carnatic to Mahomed Ali Chan, 
 and his fucceflbrs for ever, in the year 1765 ; when we obtained Phirmaunds 
 for the Circars and for the Dewanny of Myfore, which lafl: involved the 
 Nabob in a ruinous war, in which the Company were principals, though 
 thty compelled his Highnefs with their wonted equity to pay the whole ex- 
 pences. A debt from which he has fcarcely been able as yet to extricate 
 himfelf. 
 
 The attetTipt made by the oppofing Diredors to fcreen themfclves under 
 the indefinite anfwer of the Secretary of State, that " he faw nothing contrary 
 " to Treaty in the papers laid before him," v/iU prove equally infuHicient 
 to excufe them to their conlticuents for the dilemma into which they have 
 brought them. 
 
 '^o 
 
 The papers laid before the Secretary of State for his confideration, 
 
 were not a fair (late of the cafe. The inftrument by which Lord 
 
 ■Pigot was appointed Governor of Madras, and that by which Mr. 
 
 Wynch
 
 L 1^7 3 
 
 Wyneh was removed, are moft curious fpecimens of arrogance, injuftice, 
 impolicy, and grofs mifreprefentation of fa(fts : Papers defignediy cal- 
 culoted to miOcad the judgment of Adminiftration. But his Majefty's 
 minifters were cautious, and would give no opinion on fuch authorities. 
 The Secretary of State alone faid, that " he faw nothing contrary to Treaty." 
 But before certain Direftors afked the authority of his Majefty's mini- 
 fters for wiiat came fo diredlly under the national guarantee, they fhould 
 have kid before them a full recital of every a£l and tranfaclion from the 
 Treaty of Paris to the date of their Orders relative to the reduiflion and 
 refloration of Tanjore. They fhould have ftated, " That the year before 
 the peace of Paris, Mr. Pigot, as mediator between the Nabob and Pertaub 
 Sing, Raja of Tanjore, framed a Treaty, by which Pertaub Sing, as tri- 
 butary to the Nabob, agreed to pay annually four lacks of rupees, and to 
 perform feudal fervices : That the Nabob was very averfe to this Treaty, 
 becaufe Pertaub Sing, as well as former Rajas, had paid larger tributes to 
 former Soubahdars : That when this Treaty was figned, the Nabob had not 
 the poiver of diminifhing the tribute, or releafing the Raja from any part of 
 bis feudal fervices to the Mogul, whofe Governor, for the time being, he 
 then ivas ; for his Highnefs did not obtain his independent hereditary rights 
 till the year after, nor the Mogul's Phirmaund till three years after : That 
 immediately after the ratification of the Treaty, and even before Lord Pigot 
 left the Prefidency, Pertaub Sing entered into confpiracies againfl: his fove- 
 reign Lord, particularly with Kbuf Cawn, the rebel of Madura, whom he, 
 as well as Tuljagee his fucceflbr, fupported, not only with their own troops, 
 but alfo with a body of French whom they entertained in their pay." See 
 Appendix to the State of Fafts, No. III. " That Tuljagee, on the death 
 of his father, afilimed the government, without the concurrence of his feudal 
 fuperior : That upon every occafion he manifefted the utmoft hatred to the 
 Englilh and to the Nabob : That he refufed all his feudal fervices when 
 called upon to afTifl againll Hyder Ally : That he gave Hyder aid, both in 
 money and provifions, which enabled him to carry the war even to the 
 gates of Madras : That he withheld his tribute at the fame time : That, in- 
 ftigated by Hyder,^ he carried fire and fword into the Nabob's dominions, 
 attacking the Zemindars of the Marawar, Malcooty, and Raman adeporam 
 diflriifts, and committing the mofl: lavage cruelties, and moft unprovoked 
 depredations in thofe countries, notv.-ithftanding the remonftrances and' 
 I threats
 
 [ 128 1 
 
 threats of the Governor and Council of Madras : 'i'hat the Court of Di- 
 reftors feeing that the peace of the Carnatic could never be fecure while the 
 different Zemindars and Polygars remained unreduced, gave orders to afilft 
 the Nabob (by their letter 4th March 1767) in ^the rvecefiary work of en- 
 forcing their obedience : That thefe orders were ftrongly reiterated in 
 '1769 : That in confequence of thefe repeated orders, all the rebellious 
 Zemindars and Polygars were reduced to obedience, except the Zemindar 
 of Tanjore, who being the moft powerful, continued his difobedience the 
 longeft, and at laft entered Into fo many confpiracies and plots againft his 
 mafter, that it became a meafure of felf-defence toattack him : That the 
 Governor and Council, in compliance with the pofuive orders of the Court 
 of Direflorf, particularly thofe dated the 17th March 1769, prepared an 
 army to attack Tanjore, having firft folemnly debated in Council the con- 
 dud of the Raja, and the infradtion on the Treaty of 1762, which they 
 pronounce to be null and void; firft, becaufe it extended, and indeed could 
 extend, no farther than the life of Pertaub Sing ; and, fecondly, becaufe 
 (had it extended to Tuljagee) it ceafed to bind, when Tuljagee drew the fword 
 and invaded the neighhuring diJlriSls of the Carnatic : That his Majefty's 
 Minitler Plenipotentiary not only approved of the war, but offered the 
 aid of his Majefty's marine forces, to carry it on : That his Majefty to//- 
 gratulated the Nabob on the fuccefs of the expedition : That the Nabob's 
 lenity was fuch, that he fpared the Raja, and railed the fiege, on his sc- 
 knowledgino- his offences, promifing to pay up his arrears of tribute, de- 
 fray the expences of the war, and offend no more: That the army had 
 fcarcely retired out of fight of Tanjore, when the Raja entered into frefli 
 confpiracies, inviting the Marattas, the French, the Dutch, and Hyder, ail 
 at the fame time, to invade the Carnatic : That the Nabob was obliged to 
 buy off ilie Marattas with a heavy clrout, who had aflually invaded his 
 country in confequence of the Raja's invitation : That Mr. Moftyn, the 
 Company's prefident at Poonah, advifed the Governor and Council of Ma- 
 dras of the hoftile intentions of the Raja : That his corrcfpondence with 
 foreign powers to introduce them into Tanjore, thereby endangering the 
 peace of the Carnatic, and the fecurity of the Company's poffefTions, had 
 been intercepted: That in confequence of all thefe intrigues, the feveral 
 powers the Raja had folicited, had all affemblcd troops for invading the 
 Carnatic ; the French at Mauritius, the Dutch at Ceylon and Negapatnam, 
 2 while
 
 [ 129 ] 
 
 longeft, and at lad entered into fo many confpiracies and plots againft hii 
 tnafter, that it became a meafure of felf-defcnce to attack him : That the 
 Governor and Council, in compliance with the pofuive orders of the Court 
 of Diredtors, particularly thofe dated the 17th IVlarch 1769, prepared an 
 army to attack Tanjore, having firil folemnly debated in Council the con- 
 dufl of the Raja, and the infraftion on the Treaty of 1762, which they 
 pronounce to be mill and void; firll, becaufe it extended, and indeed could 
 extend, no farther than the life of Fertaub Sing ; and, fecondly, becaufe 
 (had it extended to Tuljagee) it ceafed to bind, when Tuljagee drew the fword 
 and invaded the neighbouring diJiriSfs of the Carnatic : That his Majefty's 
 Minifter Plenipotentiary not only approved of the war, but offered the 
 aid of his Majefty's marine forces, to carry it on : That his Majefty ap- 
 proved the expedition, and wifhed the Nabob fuccefs in it : That the Nabob's 
 lenity was fuch, that he fpared the R3Ja, and raifed the fiege, on his ac- 
 knowledging his offences, promifing to pay up his arrears of tribute, de- 
 fray the expences of the war, and offend no more : That the army had 
 fcarcely retired out of fight of Tanjore, when the Raja entered into frefh 
 confpiracies, inviting the Marattas, the French, the Dutch, and Hyder, all 
 at the fame time, to invade the Carnatic : That the Nabob was obliged to 
 buy off the Marattas with a heavy chout, who had adually invaded his 
 country in confequence of the Raja's invitation : That Mr. Moftyn, the 
 Company's prefident at Poonah, adviled the Governor and Council of Ma- 
 dras of the hoftile intentions of the Raja : That his correfpondence with 
 foreign powers to introduce them into Tanjore, thereby endangering the 
 peace of the Carnatic, and the fecurity of the Company's poffeffions, had 
 been intercepted ■\: That, in confequence of all thefe intrigues, the feveral 
 powers the Raja had folicited, had all affembled troops for invading the 
 Carnatic ; the French at Mauritius, the Dutch at Ceylon and Negapatnam, 
 while Hyder was prepared, and the Marattas, as above mentioned, had 
 actually entered the country. Since the reduction of Pondicherry, the 
 Englith intereft had never been in fo critical a fituation in India : That at 
 a crifis fo alarming, the Nabob had applied to the Governor and Council of 
 Madras, reprcfenting the fatal confequences of any further forbearance to his 
 vaffal, and requefting the aid of the Company to difpojefs the Raja of Tanjore : 
 
 f They ought to have laid the intercepted letters before the Minillry, for authentic copies were 
 In the India Houfe. 
 
 » S That
 
 [ 130 ] 
 
 That upon mature deliberation, it appeared to the Governor and Council, 
 that the Raja of Tanjorc had broken through every article of the treaty 1762 •, 
 and therefore, that they had unanmoujly concurred in a vote for undertak- 
 ing an immediate expedition againfi 'Tanjore, in obedience to the orders of the 
 Court of Diredors, iov granting the Nabob fuch affiftancefor the redu£iion of his 
 tributary, as his Highnefs ffwuld deem neceffary for the dignity of his government : 
 That the Nabob had done nothing but by agreement, folem?ily ratified by the 
 Governor and Council of Madras, adling under the orders of the Court of 
 Directors : That agreements fo made and ratified, under the feal of the Com- 
 pany, in council, at Madras, were as valid as agreements under the feal of 
 the Company in Leadenhall Street : That the Nabob had fulfilled 
 all the articles of agreement on his part, with the utmoii. punffuality und fide- 
 lity : That he had incurred great expences by the expedition, and that the 
 Company had derived great benefits from it : That the repofe of the Carna- 
 tic vmsfecured by the poflelTion of Tanjore, and would be endangered by re- 
 ftoring it to the Raja, who had forfeited all right to it : That the fate o£ 
 war had given the Nabob the abfolute and irrevocable possession of it: 
 The then leading DireiUrs fhould have ftated all thefe matters to the Se- 
 cretary of State, and they fliould have furnilhed him with faithful extradls of 
 every thing on their records relative to the independent rights of the Nabob, 
 and copies of all their own contradiftory orders, before they ventured to afk 
 his opinion on the mutilated papers laid before him. Having done none of 
 thefe things, their attempt to furprife adminiftration into a fanflion of their 
 own breach of the national guarantee, was not only unpardonable, but an 
 infiduous attempt to juftify their own predeterminations, by with-hoiding the 
 proper lights from the Officer of State, under whofe authority they meant 
 to flielier themfelves. But the anfwer which they got from the Secretary 
 of State, with the total ftlence of the other minifters to whom they applied, 
 will not fave them from being refponjible* for the confeqiiences in which they 
 have involved their conftituents, whether thofe confequences may ultimately 
 lead to the abfolute lofs of their territorial connexions, or the lofs of the 
 
 • The Court of DireQors cannot plead ignorance on this point, becaufe in their letter of March 
 23d, 1770, Par. 33d, they thus exprefs tlicmfclve?, " We cannot think it prudent, or ourfelves 
 "^ warranted, again to alarm the inhabitants of India by attempts of this nature, more efpecially 
 " as perhaps we might thereby involve ourfelves in the very difagreeable neceflity of anfiuering at 
 " fomt future ptriod for the infraSlkn of a public Treaty, and the cotifijuences tbtreof." 
 
 2 ('. 400,000!.
 
 r 131 3 
 
 400,000 1. granted as a free gift to the Company, exclufive of the damages 
 which the Nabob may recover m the courts of law." AW thefc things, to-- 
 gether with its never being the intention of the Court (till the thing was 
 propofed by Lord Pigot), were fo well known to feveral Direftors, and im- 
 prefied io ftrongly on their minds, that they refufed to fign the orders. 
 
 "Whoever attentively perufes the State of Facts with its Appendix and 
 the Original Papers now publidied, will clearly fee the antient and uniform 
 fubjedtion of the Tanjore diftrid to the power of the iVIogul's empire. Bur, 
 as feme men lay great ftrefs upon the Treaty of 1762, of which they 
 fay the Company is guarantee, it is worth while to confider the Nabob's 
 rights by virtue of that Treaty, abftrafted from all others -, for, it is to -be 
 preilimed, the guarantee of the Treaty extends to both the contrading par- 
 ties, the Nabob as well as the Raja -, unlefs, as the Nabob has well expreffed 
 himfelf in his letter of the 12th February 1776, to the Court of Di- 
 redors, they really conftrue a guarantee to be a *' protedion to an ene- 
 my againft a friend, and not a protedion to a friend againft his enemy." 
 
 By this Treaty it appears, that the Company were bound as guarantee, 
 invited by both parties ; " In cafe either party fhall fail in the performance 
 " of the articles he hath hereby undertaken to perform, or any part there-- 
 " of, to affift the other party to the utmoft of their power." It appears- 
 alfo by this Treaty, that it was not a league between equal powers, but 
 between a feudatory and his matter ; for the Treaty recites, that " by 
 " reafon of the faid troubles (the war with the French), the account of peif- 
 *' ca(h or tribute due to the Mogul *, and payable to the Nabob of the 
 *' Carnatic, had not been adjufted ;" and laftly it appears from the Court of 
 Diredors themfelves, as well as from the records of Madras, that the 
 Raja infringed all the articles of this Treaty, by repeated ads of hoftility 
 and open war, which drew a pofitive order from the Court of Diredors in 
 1769, to " give the Nabob fuch fupport as might be effedual, and to pur- 
 " fue fuch mealures as the Nabob might think confiftent with the juftice 
 *' and dignity of his government." 
 
 • Ths Nabob, as is already mentioned, has fincc acquired thele rights in Jivereign ftrpttuiiy 
 for himfelf and his heirs, 
 
 *S 2 In
 
 [ 132 ] 
 
 In confequence of thefe premifes, the Nabob declared war regularly 
 againft the Raja of Tanjore, the aggreflbr; and the Company's army 
 marched under the orders of General Smith, to aid the Nabob or allies, by 
 virtue of the guarantee •, and " to proceed againft the Fort of Tanjore to 
 *' reduce it ; and having done fo, to put his Highnefs's fon, or any other 
 " perfon authorized by his Highnefs for that purpofe, in poflefTion of it; 
 *' together with the military ftores and effeds that might be found therein." 
 
 L,ec us now confider the Nabob's rights after a folemn declaration of 
 war. 
 
 One of the Diredors is a lawyer, he ought to have been acquainted with 
 the law of nature and of nations ; or he fliould at leaft have paid fome 
 attention to the opinion of Mr. Du Pre, who was employed in framing the 
 Treaty of 1762, who underftood thefe laws perfedtly, and expreiTed him- 
 felf clearly. He writes to the following purport to thcNabubon the 25th of 
 September 1771- *' The part I take in thefe tranfaflions is not as a Principal, 
 " it is in fupport of your government and pretenfions, and partly as guarantee 
 *' of the Treaty of 1762. In confequence thereof , whatever Jhall l>e taken from 
 •' the Raja of 'Tanjore, and that fhall fall bito my hands, pojfejfwn, or power, 
 " whether forts, countries, money, effel^s, or military jlores whatever, it fhall he 
 " left at your difpofal, as was done in the cafe of Alienoor, Worriorpollam, Vol- 
 " gole, and Pulnaud ; and in refpeft to the Raja of Tanjore and his family 
 *' and dependants, as your clemency and humanity are well known, I (hall 
 " leave them at your difpofal ; but it is neceffary to inform your Excel- 
 " lency, that, according to the ufage of war, the plunder of places taken 
 " by ftorm, is deemed the right of the captors j fuch plunder therefore I 
 ** have no power over, or right to difpofe of." 
 
 But if it did not confift with the dignity of the then leading Direftor to 
 confult a fervant of the Company, though an able one, he ought to have 
 taken the trouble of perufing the beft writers on thefe laws, before he ven- 
 tured to involve his conftituents in a direct and obflinate breach on the 
 Treaty of 1762. Had he confulted thefe writers he would have found, 
 " that peace may be broken three ways ; ift, By doing what is contrary to 
 " all peace. 2dly, Contrary to that whicli is exprefsly mentioned in 
 " Treaties. 3dly, Contrary to that which is to be underftood from the na- 
 A " ture
 
 [ 133 ] 
 
 *' ture of every peace." Grot, de Bello ct Pace, B. 3, Ch. 20. Seft. 27. 
 Tuljagee broke the peace of 1771, as his father had done the Treaty of 
 1762, in all thefe modes. 
 
 " If either party brtak the leagues, the other is freed, becaufe each article 
 •' of the league has the force of a condition." Puffendorf. B, 0. Ch. 8. 
 Grot. B, 2. Ch. 15. Se£l. 15. Grot. B. 3. Ch. 8. Sedl. 8. Budsus de 
 contraventionibus Fa;derum, Ch, 3. Seft. 14. 
 
 " There are three ways of feciiring a man's felf from him who injured 
 " him : ift. By putting him to death ; adly, By putting it out of his power 
 " to do him any further injury ; and laftly, By the leverity of his punifh- 
 *' ment, to deter him from offendmg any more." Grot. B. 2. Ch 10 
 Sed. 8. Of tht-fe three modes allowed by the law of nauire and of na- 
 tions, the Nabob ihofc the mildell (Vide the account of the firft fiefi-e) ; but 
 he was afterwards conpellcd to take the fecond as more effedual. His 
 Hinhntfs never p.ui an offc ndcr againft himlelf, to death. He delights not 
 in blooJ, but excels m mercy. 
 
 " As many fources as tht-re are of judicini aclions To many caufes mav 
 *' there be of war-, f-r, when the methods of juflicc ceafe, vv.ir bec^ins. 
 " Moft men affign three juft caules of war; Defence, the recovery of what's 
 ♦' ouF own, and punijhr,ient. Omnia quae defeinti, repetique et ulcifci fas 
 " tft." 1 hefe three caufes weie united in the Nabob's war againit the 
 Raja of T.in]oi-e,felf-defence, the recovery of the tribute withheld, zndpuuijh- 
 mcnt of this double delinquency. 1 he Roman heraLs denounced war 
 againft their tributaries, " becauie they had not given, paid, nor did what 
 *' they ought to have given, paid, and done." Liv. as cited by Grot. B i 
 Ch. I. Sea. 2. 
 
 " The caufes of war may be reduced to three heads: ill, To defend om- 
 " felves and properties againft others who defign to do us harm, either by 
 " aflaulcing our perfons, or taking away or ruining our eftates : 2d To 
 *' alTcrt our rights, when others who zxejujlly obliged] refufe to pay them to us ; 
 " and laftly, to recover fatisfaaion for damages we have iniuriouflv fuftain' 
 " ed." Puffend. B. 8. Ch. 6. Scdl. 3. ^ 
 
 " By
 
 L 134 ] 
 
 *' By the laws of nations, not only he who makes a war for a jufl: caufc, 
 *' but every man in a folemn war, acquires the property of what he takes from 
 *' the enemy i and that zvithout rule cr rneafure, fo that both he and his affigns are 
 " to be defended in the pcffeffion of them by all nations" Plato de Legibus, Lib. 
 I. Ariftotle de Repub. Lib. i. Cap. 4. Xenoph. dc Inft. Cyr. Lib. 7. Cap. 
 5. and Grot. B. 3. Ch. 6. Sed. 2. 
 
 " By the laws of war, all things are lawful to the covqiieror ; therefore, 
 *' theAchjeans (Livy) thus addrefsthe Roman Senate : How fhould what has 
 *' been adted by the rights of war now come into debate?" Grot. B. 3. Ch, 
 4. Sedt. 3. May not the Nabob venture to fpeak to the Court of BireHors 
 what the Ach^ans were permitted to fay to the Senate of Rome? 
 
 *' Sovereignty may be acquired by conqueft, either fo far as it was in the 
 *' King or another Governor, and then all power he had paffes to the Con- 
 *' QUEROR, and no more." Or as it is in the people, and then the Conqueror 
 has the fame right to alienate it as the people had; and thus kingdoms become 
 patrimonial. Grot. B. 3. Ch. S. Sed. 3. , 
 
 By what has been fuid, and by thefe extrafls from the Law of Nature and 
 of Nations, which men who are difpofers of kingdoms, ought to have known, 
 it is clear that the Raja of Tanjore broke the peace and infringed the Treaty 
 of 1762 •, that he firft drew the fword againft the Nabob; that the Nabob 
 declared war folemnly againft the Raja,'' and called upon the Company's aid, 
 in virtue of their guarantee of the faid Treaty; that the Company gave their 
 aid as auxiliaries ; that the Nabob f<??;j;«rf^ his enemy, and became poflefTed of 
 his perfsn, territories, and effects; that by the laws of war he had a right to 
 difpofc of all ihek acquifitions by conquefl ; that the guarantees of the Treaty 
 of 1762 had no right to deprive his Highnefs of thefe acquifitions by conquefl; 
 that the attempt to deprive him of them is an infringement on the Treaty in 
 1762; that the infringement on this Treaty is alio an infringement on the 
 national guarantee in the eleventh article of the Treaty of Paris ; and, laftly, 
 that this breach on the national guarantee, unJefs immediately remedied, 
 muft infringe the friendly conne<fl:ion between his Highnefs and the Com- 
 pany, and involve tire Company in all the confequences of fuch infradion. 
 "What thofe confequences may be, will then reft with the Justice of the 
 King and Parliament to determine, agreeable to the Faith of Treaties 
 and the Law of Nations ! 
 
 THE END. ?-
 
 ( 
 
 4
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 
 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below 
 
 tOURL 
 
 MAYl 
 S£P1 
 
 
 I 
 
 Form L-0 
 aom-1,' 42(1152) 
 
 'iJkJ
 
 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY f ACILITV 
 l||||lll|||lll|l|ll||l|ll|||||||{l|ll| |lli|i|iii liii 
 
 D 000 721 864 7 
 
 t 
 
 PLEA<^?: DO NOT REMOVE 
 THIS BOOK CARD I 
 
 -3 1 \r^ ^ 
 
 
 University Research Library 
 
 o 
 
 I 
 0) 
 
 01 
 
 o 
 
 (A 
 
 0* 
 
 /^j^ 
 
 /
 
 ,> »