__ 7/2, 13 575 GIFT OF . Stevens - AN IDIOM A LESSON FW.BALLER AN IDIOM A LESSON A SHORT COURSE IN ELEMENTARY CHINESE BY F. W. BALLER II SECOND EDITION PRKPARBD FOR THK CHINA INLAND MISSION LONDON, PHILADELPHIA, TORONTO, MELBOURNE, SHANGHAI, MORGAN AND SCOTT, LTD., 12 PATERNOSTER BUILDINGS, CONDON, E. C. SHANGHAI CHINA INLA.ND MISSION, AND MISSION BOOK COMPANY 1931 FOREWORD. The aim of this little book is to aid the new-comer who desires to speak l Mandarin' the language of China to do so in as brief a time as possible. To this end thirty short Lessons, based on Idiom, form Part I ; and a series of twenty Heading Lessons, designed to illustrate and supplement them, form Part II. It may come as a surprise to those who have not looked into the matter, to learn that about thirty Idioms form the basis of most of the colloquial talk used by ordinary folk in speaking of common things. Whoever masters these Thirty Idioms is in possession of the principal forms of current speech. Taking this as a foundation and a starting point, each Lesson deals with one Idiom. This is exhibited in eight idiomatic sentences, a translation of which is added at the end of the Lesson. Eight characters are given in each Lesson, making a total of 240. The sentences are composed of the characters which go with the Lesson, supplemented on occasion by those which have already occurred. Each Lesson is to be memorized, and the sentences used as acquired : thus, without delay, speaking and reading proceed simultaneously. Learning thus by sentences in correct idiom ensures accurate speech. Four English sentences form part of each Lesson, in order to give facility in turning English into Chinese. A person of ordinary ability should, if he apply himself, master a Lesson in a day, or a day and a half, and in a month or six weeks be able to converse freely within the limits imposed by the Vocabulary. If he follows on with the Reading Lessons in Part II he will find the door opened into twenty pathways of knowledge, along which he may wend his devious course as far as his inclination leads him. He will discover that by the time he has read these, he will have a nodding acquaintance with things Chinese, and find that the legendary terrors that invest the study of Chinese have vanished into thin air. i 755798 FOREWORD. The definitions of characters are as full as the scope of the book allows; other meanings may be acquired as knowledge of the language widens. The sounds of all characters, are given in two systems of Eoinauization that of the China Inland Mission and that of Wade ; the former above, the latter below. The one will be useful for those who reside in the North, the other for those who travel farther afield. The sounds are also given in National Script Symbols. A Review Exercise follows each six Lessons in Part I. These Exercises afford the student aii f opportunity of testing his progress; and also encourage him to persevere. From them he m;iy learn that a large stock of words lying round loosely in the mind, is not so useful as a few idiomatic sentences which come readily t<> the tongue : 240 sentences cover a fairly wide field, and give access to many subjects. SHANGHAI, October 1920. SECOND EDITION. The sale of the First Edition of 1,000 copies in four mouths may. be taken as an indication that many more people are interested in Chinese than was formerly the case ; and that this little book has met a real need. .V Translation of the Review Exercises and Reading Le>sons has been added by request. See pp. 93-106. January 1921. AN IDIOM A LESSON LESSON I. ft 8765432 1 \ f3 -^R 1 \ a- , , IT iSL Q VOCABULARY nl ch'ien Money. Books. J& 1 shu ^ ^ pi ; pen. ^f 4 mwi / Negative used DC mi< i with ^. 7C e: A yu 3 wo e To have ; has. There is are, was were. Thou. Va He; him. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. I have money, he has money, have you any? 2. T iiave no money, you have no money, has he any? 3. He has pencils, I have books, you have money. 4. I have no books, you have no pencils, he has no money. 5. He has books, money (and) pencils. 6. You Imve money (but) no books; he has books (but) no money, 7. Has he (any) books ? he has. 8. Has he (any) money? he has. I have pencils (but) no money. Translate : He has no pencils, no books, no money. Have you any money? You have money. If time and opportunity permit, the student is recommended to learn to write the characters that occur in these Lessons. See the Author's A. B. C. of Chinese Writing. Shanghai: The Mission Book Company ; and China Inland Mission. 2 LESSON II. 87 65 ft ft ffl fit tn 2 ffl is m, to ffl flfc ffl VOCABULARY. ' iao I To want; to yao \ wish. negative; no. j Food; cooked rce. xhoh / ri , , > lo s S/iUO } Sign of plural j T~~ 12 771691 f 5 i / ^-f 4 , ,T^ , > used in speak- x =r; ftna Words. L-t II 4 men V < ) mg of persons. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Do yon want money or not? No, I have money. 2. Does he want to eat? No, he wants to talk. 3. Do you want our books ? No. 4. Don't eat my food. 5. They want to speak ; do you ? 6. Have they food to eat? No, they want to eat yours. 7. Do you want your books or not ? No. 8. Have you food? Yes, we do not want to eat yours. Translate : He wishes to speak. Our food, their books. He doesn't want to eat ; I do. I do not want your money. Note that the question is asked by inserting ^ between the verb repeated. Before a verb yf> ]g indicates prohibition Do not; must not. LESSON III. H H 8765432 I A~f lEf TP?T m m A A |k ^, fife H fi^r 6^ B it fife >o 5 VOCABULARY cj>ce ' This. 4 mi Ms ; was; shili \ Yes. A 2 T ( Mau >p erson - That. Readna 3 rr~ Which? Who? ! Is; was; were. ch'a Tea. 4 ko > Numerary Ad- ke \ junct. uan <, shen-mo What ? TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. What tea is this? It is my tea. 2. What basin is that? That is a tea-cup; this is a rice basin. 3. Whose tea-cup is this? It is his. 4. Whose food is this? It is mine. 5. Does that person want this cup of tea? 6. What money is this? He says it is his. 7. What does he say ? 8. Is this money his? No, it is mine. Translate : This tea-cup. That cup of tea. Who is this ? What pencils do you want? For a detailed account of the use of the Numerary Adjunct (printed N. A.) see the Author's Mandarin Primer, pp. 6, 7, 8. 6 LESSON IV. (. . , 8765432 1 nS\ Jl H ^ .xU^ VOCABULARY. " BflU t'ing To hear. A see. i To te \ To obtain. & TJ T* T c/uen To perceive. Good. 4 hsien-tsai Now, TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Can you hear or not? No. 2. Can you see? Yes. 3. Can you hear him speak? Yes. 4. Will he come now? lie will not come at present. 5. Come and see this good cup. Look, what is this? 6. Can you hear what he says? Yes. 7. Don't speak just now, I want to hear him speak. 8. We must read now. What book shall we read? Read mine. Translate : He cannot hear what I say. He is now reading. They are good people. Will he come? No. 8 LESSON V. ft) 8765 ft ft ft 4 ft 2 ft 7K ifr 7K ft - ft 7K VOCABULARY. jjrt 3 pa Sign of Object. N. A. < West. piao A watch. The side. Forms part of some ad- verbs of place. T1 -ft 11 Y r . Tliiugs - Here. tsai-na-U There. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Where are my things? Here. 2. There are four men here, and five there. 3. Their books are inside, not here. 4. There are ten watches over here ; two cups of cold water over there. 5. There is nobody here. 6. Is he here? He is not here, he is to the east (of us). 7. This is a good article. Where was it bought? 8. I can't hear them talking over there. Translate : Where are his watches ? They are not here. What is this ? It is a rice basin. Where are they now? Over there. What is he doing now? He is talking. U ' LESSON IX. 8765432 1 to to 3 . -H to fll /> * Jb 2fc ^ -h , 19 VOCABULARY. X 4M ? fToask-for wen 5 H - In address: y [ Can ; ability. neng } >f* Men N. A. T hsiao-teh ) To <6 i know. ? 4 uen-t'a-iao To ask a person for. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. What are you going to ask him for ? I am going to ask him for money. 2. Can he manage this affair ? I don't know. 3. Go and ask them for those books. 4. This is a main street. 5. Where has he gone ? He has gone to the street to buy things. 6. When I speak do you understand ? Yes. 7. This is an unimportant matter ; that is an important affair. 8. Can you go now ? I cannot go at present. Translate : This street is large, that one is small. How many people are there in the street ? He can trade, (but) he cannot write. He is buying things on the street. CJii-tao f 3g usually takes the place of g| fa in the North. 22 LESSON XI. M & m _h ft tt T 7 ft M m> ' ' f & ft 6 fifc , H 3 ffe ft M VOCABULARY. -f / _ X a, ch'ang Long. Short. ; and. * T> 4 /ma To go down. Y ' X 2 l ' El |4-t J ' To wear. sheo-chin ) Towel; s/ioit ( hand- kerchief. k'e will. i-Jtih ) ,, ., ^ j Clothes. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. There are two garments here; which one do you want? I want the long one. 2. I want to buy a few towels good ones. I will buy three. 3. He has long ones and also short ones. How will it do to buy a long one ? Quite all right. 4. In wearing clothes you should wear good onee. 5. How many garments do you want to buy? Three. 6. They made me a present of two pots; a large one and a small one. 7. There are books here ; how many do you want ? I want five copies, two small and three large. 8. I was here when he went up, not when he came down. Translate : Make him a present of the small one. This long towel is a good one. How many watches have they ? Ten, five large and five small. This short garment is bad. K'o-i pf Jl is the equivalent of such English expressions as, That will do; all right; or any phrase that expresses acquiescence, J jgj[ is not infrequently omitted for the sake of euphony. 24 LESSON XII. fl _ -f .- 1T ) 8765432 1 te 25 VOCABULARY. hai \ More ; still. 2 han > Read huan. huan ) To give back. ,4 ri - fy-h Two Six. 2 ch'ih ) C1 7 ,. ' Seven. ch'i * P^j- 4 chiao To tell ; to ^J ' called; named. *3> -* Shop ; inn. ts'ai Vegetables. Fish. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Do you want any more fish? I want six more large ones. 2. Have you auy more money? I still have seventy cash. 3. I want one more basin of rice, and two more basins of vegetables. 4. He still wants to go to the shop and buy a few things. 5. Do you want any more? Yes. 6. Go and call him; I want to say something else to him. 7. How many more towels are there here ? There are still twenty- six. 8. Tell him to bring those two large books here. Translate : Tell him to come up. Has he anything else ? He still has 26 fish ; 32 towels ; 17 garments ; 5 pots. Have you any more long ones ? Yes. Have you any more short ones ? No, I have seven large ones. 26 REVIEW EXERCISE II. A -ffi, A A If 5fe -a & Jt -t- Jfc- A A -ffi, A If A 1C ffl -ft a is 2V LESSON XIII. pi . + (M 87654 & m fR si *rt.t"fr /I-.l fw* m \m ^ W y^ft /TV 321 & itt IE 29 VOCABULARY. t'ien A day. Heaven. Ueh ) A month ; a yiieh ) moon. * 4K men A year. it - x 1 chin Now. Clear. * <* -pi chenfj The 1st moon. ** Read cheng* Upright. chin-men This year, ^ z Jfx2 z ming-men Next ~M~ year TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. It is cold this year; no one knows whether it will be cold next year or not. 2. He says he will come next year in the 1st month. 3. I cannot go to-day ; I can go to morrow. 4. He writes every day ; he will go on writing to day. 5. This was bought in the 3rd month of this year. 6. They come every year (and) will come next year. 7. It will take two months to make that article. 8. In what year was this bought ? It was bought this year. Translate .- He comes every year in the 3rd moon. He will not go this year, he will go next year. I will write to-day (but) not to-morrow. How much money did he want to-day ? Pen ; is used with ueh ft and nien f> in the sense of t This r . Chin ^ and ming \$ also precede t'ien ^ : chin-Hen ^ ^ To-day ; ming -t'ien fp] ^ to-morrow. For a full explanation of Chinese divisions of time see Mandarin) Primer p.p. 25-28; 34-37. 30 8 LESSON XIV. |R m + to) 76543 SI & to to IS ffi B ^ M ffio H ^ m m SI VOCABULARY. 3 go out. To produce. To To start. X HIP kuan To shut. A 1-2 pa Eight. - ~Tl chiu Nine. x 4 nien To read. B2 men ) . Pi men [A door; gate. 2 >fiS 4 a^i-Aco shih-hou Tim*. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. When he was reading, I was there writing. 2. When Mr. Yii went on his travels he saw many people in the street. 3. When they take their food, they eat more rice than vegetables. 4. When he went out he did not shut the door. 5. While I was speaking, Mr. Chien oanie to see me. 6. He cannot come at this time, I cannot go at that time. 7. What time did Mr. Yii go ? In the third mouth of this year. 8. Tell him to go to the shop and buy a few things for me. Translate : How many fish do you want to buy? AVhen I came I couldn't speak Chines*. On this side of the door. Open the door ; shut the door. Tih $j prefixed to ahi-heo ffj {jg forms a phrase which roughly corresponds to the Present Participle : it may follow most verbs. 32 LESSON XV. a n it) 8 * r > 6 ffi ffi 4 *r 0, A ti * n 33 VOCABULARY. x 4 ua wai kueh, kuo r\ j. -j Outslde ' | A kingdom. 4 pan Half. i te ' M { Beginning. c/^w j Prefixed to the days of the month to 10th inclusive. $* vhin To enter. j A day. - 4 li-pai A To worship. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. There are seven days in a week. To-day is Wednesday. 2. To-day is the 6th of the Chinese 4th mouth. 3. Six weeks are a month and a half. 4. You may speak of Last week ; This week ; Next week, 5. There are those who go to worship on Sunday. , 6. I saw him this afternoon outside the door. 7. You must speak and write Chinese every forenoon. 8. When I first came I could not speak Chinese. Translate : He went last Tuesday. I saw him on the Wednesday of this week. He cannot speak a foreign (outside) tongue ; I cannot speak Chinese. You have a half, I also have a half. 34 LESSON XVI. 8H A (ft 8765432 1 PI m ^o * 3ft If B*Jo , &J 35 VOCABULARY. hsi To wash tai To bring ; carry. And; with. To arrive at. The hand. sh ou El Lf The face. 4B ren-teh ) To reo- '^ jen-te } ognize. /ieo-/rt/ ) Then; hou after- ward. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Some washed their hands, others washed their faces. 2. Sometimes (he) comes, sometimes not. 3. In the street some are selling fish, some are selling vegetable*. 4. Some recognize the characters in this book, others do not. 5. Mr. Yii and Mr. Ohien came afterward. 6. How many cash did he bring ? I have not asked him. 7. When did you arrive here? To-day. 8. Tell him to go outside the door. Translate, : Some were speaking, some were buying things. Some read, others write. Tell him to open the door. Some buy towels, some buy tea-cups. The expression iu-tih ^ &ff meaning 'Some* is used in many connections as it stands ; in others ^ and ft -are separated by a verk LESSON xvii. m -b -h 8765482 1 -fc A - - 5 37 VOCABULARY. l %? 1 [ A minute, /en \ SU; 3 ^ ,,z><^w \ IV^Ckrii J^ 4 uan-shang Evening:, little. ' To pass kuo \ by over. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. iao-chin ) Impor- ( tant. 1. What's the time ? 3 o'clock. 2. It is now half past three. 3. Five minutes past six. 4. A quarter to two. 5. A quarter past seven. 6. Eight o'clock in the morning ; nine o'clock in the evening. 7. Is this affair important ? No. 8. I will come in an hour's time. Translate : To-day, read at 9 o'clock, write at 10 o'clock. Ten minutes to six o'clock. Twenty minutes past one o'clock. Tell him to come to-morrow morning. Tsao-shang IJL J^ is also used for ( Morning'. To . has th sense of 'past' in an indefinite statement of tim; .g. ; past 3 o'clock san tien to chong H !& IS- 38 LESSON XVIII. m. A -f * ft) 87654321 3L v a A ! ^ ^ 39 VOCABULARY. r X X. Z. One hundred. huan To exchange. #0110 ) ^Wl 4 chil A sentence. to To strike. A ar h'i Light. Together* with ~ trfr 4 J3. 4 chiu-shi that is. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. In the course of time you will be able to say this Chinese sentence. 2. He will gradually get to know. 3. Every one will soon be back. 4. All these were bought by Mr. Yii. 5. They beat him lightly. 6. That is the garment Mr. Chieu gave (him) 7. All in good time you will understand what I say. 8. The watch I bought is this one. Translate : He spoke three Chinese sentences. Each one has money. This is not very light. All in good time I will understand what you say. 46 LESSON XXI. n + (ft ft) 8 7 6 m 64321 A A m * tt 115 Too /JKo 47 VOCABULARY. iong ) To use. In- dicates the means used. rt.,1 ch'i } A branch. IX chih N. A. Cloth. N.A. Mi mo A letter. Ink. Paper. mu-ch'in Mother. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. (My) mother makes clothes of cloth. 2. You must use pencil, ink and paper to write letters. 3. I merely struck him with my hand. 4. Everybody must buy things with money. 5. This letter is written with foreign ink. 6. That piece of ink and this pencil are what I use. 7. Foreigners wash their hands and faces in cold water. 8. Mr. Feng arrived here to-day. Translate : This pencil is longer than that. Why doesn't he use Chinese ink ? "Why does he use my paper ? These two foreign letters are not mine. 48 LESSON XXII, ii 87654321 / -h 4- it $$o Ho 49 VOCABULARY - fefc 4 ' i sing Surname. 4 kuei Honourable. A x Costly. 5* Tl 7- Unworthy. 4 sui Years. A mansion. .Ij 3 hai-tsi i . T M ' A clllld - en-c/ Age. puh-kan > Would dare to . TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Your honourable name ? 2. My unworthy name is Yu. 3. Where is your mansion? 4. In the city. 5. How old are you this year? 6. You are too kind 38 this year. 7. How old is this youngster ? 8. Not very old ten. Translate / How many children has he ? How old is his mother. I am 25 this year. Which is your honourable country? In asking the age of children, chi-sui jj$ jgi? and to-ta are used. Puh-Kan ;p jgfc is a conventional term not to be taken in its literal meaning. 50 LESSON XXIII. n 1 8765 \ ^ BM In PW 321 T ffi H Jl m * /> Xtr P^3^ TO a 51 VOCABULARY. 4 *- r * 5S? 1 ohia Home. *v To invite; en gag , Wrong. ~fj j- tseo c: X 3 IS fu-ch'in Father. To walk; journey. tu TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. The washerman has not yet come. 2. The shoemaker has gone. 3. There is a story-teller on the street. 4. His father is a small trader. 5. The one who makes doors, chairs, and tables is called a muh- chiang. 6. That child's father and mother are not at home. 7. That shopkeeper charges high prices for his goods. 8. The postman slowly returned. Translate : The mother beat her 5011. Right or wrong? Is this sentence right or wrong? My shoes are not so large as yours. Ch'in ^ is often omitted when both parents are spoken of together. 52 LESSON XXIV. 8765432 1 m Jt * 5 ^o J So VOCABULARY. > ft'SSl 1 ^^ ti Ground ; earth. li Distance from. uano ) rn > logo towards. ivang ) nan South. 3 /* About J of English vt . i mile. Distant TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Where are you going? To the north of the city. 2. Go to the South. 3. How far is your home from here? 300 li. 4. Go to the West and you will soon be there. 5. The main street is more than 10 li long. 6. How far is it to that place ? Not far. 7. Which way do you go to Tongcheng? Go by way of the S.W. 8. * The North is colder than the South. Translate : East, West, North, South. How far is it from here to Shanghai? Which way do you go? To the N. E. Where is Mr. Feng going ? To see his father and mother. In some districts in speaking of distance ti ^ follows li ]g ; in others lu g a Road. The word for "by" in the sense of * to go by' varies in different places. 54 REVIEW EXERCISE IV. it * JF H l A 15 31 M, ft,^ m H, in $ I ,- tt ft tt to,tt H HP to Jt a to M ^Jl Si too^ to il ^ ifl to ift X ^ ^ ro M .a ffiJI ft ft to -ffi, _h H Jl fe >^ fife 55 LESSON XXV H -t \ ) 8765432 1 91 m m m - &. rnr? TTrT * m m , n& is V VOCABULARY. Ul chan To stand. A railway station. X J|JL 2 ch'uan Boat ; ship. . iang 2/4 4 lu Koad. it c/i'ce To sit. To travel by. ; carnage. Order ; series. z ) Meaning; 2w \ idea. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Travelling by cart, and travelling by boat are not the same. 2. Mr. Feng speaks like you. 3. To stand ; To sit ; mean two different things. 4. The same or not? Not the same. 5. The roads in the South are not the same as the roads in the North. 6. These two pieces of ink differ greatly. 7. The hands of these two youngsters are the same ; the faces are not the same. 8. The sixth character is the character ' lu \ Translate : 1 travel by cart; he travels by boat. My book is different from yours. You .speak like a Chinese. Chinese is different from a foreign tongue. Ti jjft ciiauges numeral adjectives 'One/ etc., from cardinal to ordinal; e.g., ih One; ti-ih jjj First. 58 LESSON XXVI. 876 432 * m ft m m El Y pan VOCABULARY. Plan ; T7 method. To manage ; to do. . * chiang A river. -ft T carry on the > ;Wk l fiao shoulder with V0 a pole. 51 ;L u EC T tsen-mo ) How? tsen \ how about . . ? n-te'i 7 , v erh-tzu A A SOD. ko-ko j Elder ke-ke \ brother. hsiong-ti hsiung Younger brother. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. How do you say this senteuce ? 2. How is that affair to be managed? 3. Is it done in this way or in that ? It is done in this way. 4. How is this chair to be carried ? 5. How is the river to be crossed ? 6. The younger brother asked the elder brother, How is this character written? 7. The father said to the son, It is not done in this way. 8. How do you use this article? Translate : How do you write the character ch'eng ? Carry (JJfc) this thing away. How do you say this Chinese sentence? Can you manage this affair ? Tscn-iang is also used in the same sense as tsen-mo 60 LESSON XXVII. M -b + 8765432 1 M * it fife PI M ^ it , 73 fto t& J8^ ^ ^ ft S JIR m ft, ft i!f ft< fto fto 61 VOCABULARY. X >7 t * Y < taodi}a tao Sword ; knife. ma A horse. 2 t/ . To ride an c/ri animal. N. A. for horses, p'i mules and don- keys. X ^C X Plate. mu-t'ou " sliih-Veo sluh-t'ou Wood. t/M/ i Q 8tone - TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. What is this plate made of? 2. It is not made of wood or of stone. 3. What is that sword made of? 4. Doors, tables, chairs, are all made of wood. 5. He came riding on a horse. 6. Where are these goods produced ? They are foreign goods* 7. Books are made of paper, clothes of cloth. S. I can't ride that horse. Translate : What are his shoes made of? Cloth. Where do these goods come from ? These two tables are made of wood. This paper was produced in the city. Ts'i ^ is added to tao J] in speaking of a knife. 62 LESSON XXVIII. n A + 8 7 6 T 54321 10 ^P HI lal & ffi n - * T ?Ks ft ^o A HI 63 VOCABULARY. TT >< l ' A time; au l&* c h'W i To lend. To [Hi hui j occasion. TT JH cfeA V borrow. Again. T X *ou Quite. Lesson - T iE: TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. Mr. Yii bas been here twice. 2. Last time he borrowed $1.00 of me. 3. Every time we travel we take baggage. 4. That youngster at one time uses cold water, at another time hot. 5. This time we will read the 28th Lesson. , 6. Next time we must learn to write foreign characters. 7. When he comes again, I will ask him to lend me Tls. 100. 00. 8. Is the cloth enough? No, we must buy more. Translate: Once, twice, three times. My money is not enough. I will bring my pencil next time. Last time I lent him $1.25. Shang _t ar| d hsia ~~f are used for * last/ and ' next * as applied to time ; e.g., shang-huei J^ ; hsia-huei ~f (gj Last time ; Next time. 64 LESSON XXIX. |& Jl ~\' (T 876 5432 1 m To T To rti, To T T 65 VOOABULAHY. A. A p'eng ) To strike p<$ng \ against. Broken. rtfrtS GfllO/l > _-^ 71*V chiao \ *** Broken. To break. i k'uh ) To cry for k'u \ about. T Y x ec ien-chmg ) The yen \ eyes* tsoh-t'ien ) Yester- day. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. He spoilt nay knife in using it. 2. The little child cried her eyes blind. 3. My shoes are worn into holes. 4. The large plate was broken into pieces through a collision. 5. The towel bought last week is washed into holes. 6. The foreign clock was bought at a high price. 7. Yesterday Mr. Feng struck his foot and injured it. 8. I don't know what he is crying about. Translate : He has used my pencil and spoilt it. To-day he struck his hand and injured it. He ruined the table in carrying ($fc) it. He broke the plate by a blow. lu certain connections ien is used alone. 66 LESSON XXX. 87654321 - A p m to m O PM> T 67 VOCABULARY. * ilfr 4 ehiao To teach. r X uan wan Finished. 4 3S* ' Able - to - New. _4 X 4 chiu Old. i ^en ) To follow. /^ n j With. * Mouth; open- i tog. t kuan-hua The '' Mandarin dialect. TRANSLATION OF SENTENCES. 1. If he is not teaching, he is writing. 2. If he does not use the new ones he will use the old ones, 3. I studied t Mandarin ; under Mr. Li. 4. The two men when they had finished talking went away, 5. His mouth was full of good talk. 6. If it is not on the table, it is outside the door. 7. He can speak both Chinese and a foreign langunge. 8. If he did not speak those few sentences of good < Mandarin' then you did. Uan-liao $ ~J is used as hao-liao % ~J immediately after a verb. REVIEW EXERCISE V. II m i'J T ^ A -M 9 H _ 4? nn. = ffl ; ilk P, -ffi, ffl r - A m A 69 REVIEW EXERCISE V. (Con.) X P - a tt m m fia ^ M 3r m &J /> . life ffl 19 ^ PIT 70 PART II. READING LESSONS The numbers printed at the side of certain characters in these Lessons refer to the pages of the Mandarin Primer where details as to their Meaning, Use, etc., may be found. READING LESSON I. THE NEW ARRIVAL. A ,44 ^ A A* F ^ E> 73 BEADING LESSON II. THE DAILY ROUND. - T TO r: 5 .71 T tt , P: T 114 s 48 162 , 5^ 160 \ 166 m .114 74 READING LESSON III. H ^ ^ $1 ON BUSINESS BENT. m T j& Jt m fife l P^ /fi SI 4:> 58 rt]35 ft ft |\ 2 145 147 3 1 * fife A 28 p ,H5 75 BEADING LESSON IV. ffl % Ic GETTING BUSY. A -si + * 193 A rr>8 it 76 READING LESSON V. 3L WEIGHING ANCHOR. tn m Jtc " m To X 106 . A ft ^ 2fc ffi 8i [85 rO iy T. flfc >M> >f^ A a 42 77 READING LESSON VI. A "MAY DIGESTION WAIT OK APPETITE.' 106 rm 192 T 73 >1 60 h ,135 >106 106 V s 'J * A ft ft - 71 T "Hit 192 tr * ffi nr * n4 26 ^ f .- 5 i- 275 78 READING LESSON VII. -fc ^ ^ ft FOOD CONVENIENT FOR ME.' 106 ^IOG r i. L m 5(5 * V% T J: T & P * PTv* ,98 7o T 9 268 m, A A 19 209 , m m ] tt fc 79 READING LESSON VIII. A ^ ^ ft " FOR BETTER FOR WORSE. 1 n '201 166 ffi, 1T 27 ' * , JE fit 282 209 ***- 145 235 .-ft m -209 m 153 \ /l*u-\ ft- 3 32 A A Ji 109 78 80 READING LESSON IX. SOLDIERS IN THE MAKIHG. A A F210 yv\ 261 ^ A r A si fL 4S ffi 135 128 115 IE 5 m iB \ 6228 k 3L 3 L 166 m _L^ y| - 7 .276 *r .,-. ^4 9 81 READING LESSON X. -f- "POST O'ER LAND AND OCEAN WITHOUT REST." ft ffi 91 m 100 105 *r m 7 A a m T + 19 492 82 READING LESSON XI. A PALACE OF PAIN. 63 128 129 1 33 98 102 P 98 Ttfl3 pj ! '32 A ft PI p '123 , .3$ A fa A 28 83 READINQ LESSON XII. + A COUNTRY JAUNT. ft A T A m T ^o A m fr 248 -f m J o >rc ft Jh n^ Ji If A 1)2 84 READING LESSON XIII. H MINOR MORALITIES. 3 " m & Jh. aass m T m A ft i t^feiss ^ A % ie si Tffl ^J "K "^ 3C A I* /tj > I ^ . ?\ yV\ -C b X P5 ^ 85 READING LESSON XIV. ffl THE WAY OF TRANSGRESSORS. 50 ffi 112 BQ A * ft 277 & m _!-* / 1^ .ir C fj ffi M> * efr ^7 J6E >N, ^L^ 201 >&S 245 ^ OL 135 H 86 READING LESSON XV. SCHOOL DATS. 4- : > ir 819 IE eg IE 10 f, Iff, ,106 I .323 /P 128 130 145 87 READING LESSON XVI. WINGED SPEECH. fir 86 A ffi. Jg G8 T ft B fife *,Rl92 m 103 A * ffl 98 ,100 98 88 HEADING LESSON XVII. -fc t WEATHERING THE WEATHER. 1 IE 125 336 T H 82 v\ asr '04 . a T1 124 -BT34 89 BEADING LESSON XVIII. A + % 3? SOCIAL AMENITIES. '48 7 H 1175 192 To A JB T -j* ^ ^ 3^ ^ 2S A< A To i 271 A 25 370 3, i it 90 BEADING LESSON XIX. A THE WRONG ROAD. Asja o WBo >Bf fa' 2 * 7 r 5! ft ^ e 1^ A 277 A 162 hg] 135 -t ^ti. J.-3*28(> ^ ^ T fc 'ffi \ p 91 READING LESSON XX. .-f- . : WORSHIP. , W r i it Ao *71 IE3 T 71 282 T .1 T * 128 ilj '32 71 _/-^187 -, T ^ 1J A< 168 234 'l60 161 J299 , m 102 -7* 183 247 A S \ , i T :298 o 294 92 Translation of Review Exercise I.- That man trades. What does he sell? He sells basins, books pencils. I am now going to buy for you two rice basins and a water jug. How will it do when I have bought them to bring them along and give them to you? Quite all right. Those two persons are now taking their food. I heard some one say that when they have finished eating they are going to buy two water jugs, and a rice basin. He speaks well but acts badly. Can you hear what he says? I can hear what you say, but not what he says. Come and look at him writing the characters ch'ih, fan, and wan. I have not seen his pencils, I have seen his books. Take my books to him. ~ gave them to him and he said he did not want them just now. (If) he doesn't want them do you? No, I have (some). When I have finished drinking this cup of tea, I will go awd buy that Al. tea-cup for you. Have you any money? I have one < cash/ he has two. When the food (meal) is ready we will eat it ; that done, we will drink a cup of tea. Has he taken my water jug? Yes. What did they take. They took a rice basin and two tea-cups ; they did not take your books. Will you go when you have finished your meal? No. How about going now ? Good, let us go now. 93 Translation of Review Exercise II. Two men are writing characters ; when they have finished they will go on the street. Who are these two men ? One is Mr. Ohien, one is Mr. Yii. Why have they gone on the street ? Mr. Yii has a little matter (to attend to); and he also wants to buy some pencils to write with. Mr. Chien too has matters (to attend to), and he also wants to look at some things in the shop. Mr. Yii asked Mr. Chien, Can you go now? he said, Yes. He further asked him, what do you want to buy ? He said, I want to buy three towels, two long and one short : I also want to buy a few articles of clothing, and five basins, four large, one small. Mr. Yii said, Very good, I too want to buy a few things for presents, and also two books : to which shop shall we go to buy them ? Mr. Chien asked Mr. Yii, Do you know if there are any good shops in this street? I know there are none in this street; let us go to the west and see. The two men then went to the west. On the east side of the street they saw a large shop, in which were tea-cups, rice basins, watches, and also a few tens of good towels. Mr. Chien said to Mr. Yii, Have you any money ? He said, I have, but not much, how much have you? Mr. Chieu said, I have seventy-six 'cash,' have you any more? He said, I have another sixty odd. Mr. Chien said, You haven't much money, neither have I ; would it be all right for us to ask somebody for a few- tens (more). Pie said, Not at all the thing, let us go over there again, we can buy nothing much over here. The two men then went to the east. Do you consider (see) that these two then acted in the best way? Were they capable men or not ? 94 Translation of Review Exercise III. This year on the 8th of the 3rd month, Mr. Yu washed his face, put on his clothes, came down and opened the door, to go out. When did he come down to go on his journey ? Was it Wednesday or Friday? Was it in the morning or in the evening? It wa& neither on Wednesday nor Friday, it was Saturday morning some time after 8 o'clock. Did he take any money with him when he went out? He did. How much did he take? He took Tls. 7.80 ;. $10.00; 50 coppers, and some small silver coins. He also took a few garments, a long towel, a teapot, two small tea-cups, together with a foreign watch. Did you ask him where he was going? I did not ask him ; 1 know nothing of his affairs. Why did he go on a journey ? Some say that he wanted to see Mr. Chien ; and others, that he did not go to see Mr. Chieu, but went to see the man who opened the clock and watch shop : I don't know which one he went to see. When we reached the main street he said to me, Did you see that vegetable seller ? I said, Yes. He said, You go and buy a few vegetables, that I may take with me. I accordingly went and bought six coppers' worth of vegetables and gave them to him ; upon which he took out six coppers and repaid me. There was also a fishmonger there, but he did not tell me to go and buy fish. He should reach the clock and watch shop by 12 o'clock; when he arrives he will take a meal. I must now go and da likewise. 95 Translation of Review Exercise IV. Mr. Feng had two boys, the elder three years older than the younger. Both were studying at home. Last Wednesday, that is the 23rd of the 8th (Chinese) month, the father said to the elder one, Go to the money shop and change these $2.00, change $1.00 for coppers; $1.00 for small silver. When you return home, I will give you 10 cents. Go quickly and come back without delay. When the boy heard this, he opened the front door, at 3.25 went out, and at 3.35 returned, and gave the money he had changed to his father. His father said, You have come back very quickly, no one is quicker than you. He also asked him, Whom and what did you see on the street? He said, I went west and saw a story- teller ; not far from him there was a bootmaker, and besides a fishmonger and a seller of vegetables. 1 also saw a youngster of my acquaintance something over ten years old. He was going into a draper's store to buy some cloth, which afterward he would take home to his mother and ask her to make a garment for him. On the 3rd of the 1st month of the following year, the father told them to wash their hands and faces, and put on their best clothes, and said to them, At 4 o'clock we three are going to the north of the city to see Mr. Yu. When the time came they all went. The elder boy took with him the money his father had given him ; the younger also had some money given him by his mother. All in good time they arrived at Mr. Yii's house. The tables and chairs in his home were much better than those in their home ; but this was of no consequence, they all had tea together, talked a good deal, and reached home some time past seven o'clock. Translation of Review Exercise V. d^ We twenty odd people are all foreigners, who have come from different countries. Some have come from the East, others from the West. When we left home father and mother/ younger and tlder brothers all had a good cry : we also shed some tears. At home there was a horse. A person said to me, How will it do to ride him to China? I said, It will never do ; it is impossible. Our countries are distant from here, and we cannot come on foot. Some come by boat ; others half way by vehicle, half way by boat. What have we come to do? Each one is come on his own business. Some have come to sell foreign goods for the use of the Chinese; others have come to buy Chinese goods for the use of foreigners. When we first arrived we couldn't speak half a sentence of ' Mandarin '; and could neither read nor write Chinese. A gentle- man named Feng bought for each of us paper, a pen, a cake of ink, and a copy of " An Idiom a Lesson." This year between the 20th and 30th of the 3rd month I engaged Mr. Li to teach me, and I studied under him. Every morning when I had washed my hands and face, put on my clothes and shoes, I came down to breakfast. When I had finished Mr. Li came, and we two read a Lesson, and had some conversation. I asked him about things Chinese, and he asked me about foreign affairs. I asked him about the clock and watch shop, and also how much a tael changed for on that day, and how many small silver coins a dollar changed for. Each time he came I questioned him in this manner to-day I asked about this, to-morrow about that, until in process of time we read to the 27th I .esson. That day was Saturday. Mr. Li invited me at three o'clock to go with him to his home to see his children, and I accordingly went with him. When we came to the main street we went to the N. E. and soon reached a small street, and afttr a walk of more than half a li we reachea^the house. A small boy opened the door and I at once asked him how old he was : he said, Ten years. He too asked me my name, and I said it was Li, the same as his father's. He also 97 Translation of Review Exercise V. (Con.) asked me how old I was this year, and I said very young, 26. He further asked whether China was the same as foreign countries. I said not very like, alike in some things, unlike in others. We sat on chairs and drank tea ; this finished, the boy escorted us to the door and we returned. In the street we saw a coolie carrying some baggage. While crossing the street h struck his foot against something and in so doing ruined his shoe. I also saw a man over 40 years old standing at the door of a draper's store, whom I knew but hadn't courage to say anything to him. When I first arrived I couldn't speak a sentence ; but it is very different from that now. It is not yet the middle of the 5th month. Had I not engaged Mr. Li to teach me, and bought a copy of " An Idiom a Lesson," that I might study every day, I should have been unable to say much. In a month or two more I shall be able to speak freely in good < Mandarin.' 98 Beading Lesson I. This year during the 3rd month, a young man came to Chin* from abroad. His name was Kao. He wag not old, only 26 When he arrived he could not speak a sentence of Chinese, nor write one Chinese character. He had a friend who had beea in China many years, and who engaged a Chinese teacher for him, named Li. This gentleman was 30 years of age, was a man of ability, of great learning, and was also exceedingly agreeable. Beading Lesson II. In the evening at 10 o'clock Mr. Kao went upstairs, took off his clothes and shoes, went to bed and slept the sleep of peace the night through. The following morning as soon as the sun was up, at 6 o'clock he awoke. He arose, washed his face, combed his hair, put on his clothes, and went downstairs to breakfast. What did he eat? He ate two small loaves, an egg, two cups of tea, and took besides a basin of rice gruel. By the time he had finished ^lr. Li came in and enquired, Have you had your breakfast ? He replied, Yes. Reading Lesson III. Mr. Li said to Mr. Kao, Let us go to the street and buy pencils, paper, and an ink slab. Why did he say this ? Because he wanted Mr. Kao to read and write Chinese, and to be a good speaker of the language. Although Mr. Kao did not understand the words, he apprehended the meaning, so taking $2.00 he accompanied Mr. Li to the street. In that street there were many large shops with extremely fine sign-boards. There were drapers' store* rice shops, general stores, and also others, whose names ar too numerous v> b set down. 99 Beading Lesson IV. The two walked slowly along. They first went to the money hop to get change : $1.00 they exchanged for small silver coins, and $1.00 for coppers. Then they went to the pen shop and bought four pens, one cake of ink, nine sheets of paper, and an ink slab. What did these cost ? The pens cost 5 coppers each ; the ink 12 coppers a cake; the paper 3 coppers a sheet; and thf ink slab 25 coppers. How much does this amount to altogether ' Let us reckon up and see. Twelve added to 20 makes 32, add 27 more and there are 59, add another 25 and it cornea to 84 ; does it not? Reading Lesson V. The two came back and at once proceeded to the study. There were a table and four chairs there, and on the table two books. Mr. Li placed the things they had just bought on the table, and sat on a chair. He sat on this side cf the table, and asked Mr. Kao to sit on the opposite side ; the two thus sat facing each other. Just then the table boy brought a pot of tea and two cups, and asked them to drink some (tea). The teapot that he brought was red, the two teacups were white, and had flowers on them ; they were Kiangsi ware. The leaves from which the tea was infused were also from Kiaugsi a Southern product. Reading Lesson VI. In something more than three months, Mr Kao was able to talk some < Mandarin '; this was because he was willing to put his heart into his studies. Mr. Li constantly took him out to see the different places inside and outside the city. One day he said to him, There is a restaurant in the north of the city called Wan-fuh Lou, suppose that to-morrow the two of us go there for a meal? Mr. Kao said, You are too kind, but I can only use a knife and fork, and am unable to use chopsticks. Mr. Li said, That doesn't matter ; you will be expert after a single meai. From a child you have been accustomed to use a knife and fork, and I from child- hood have been accustomed to use chopsticks, but that is quite immaterial. The proverb says, "The world over, there are no difficulties but will yield to the man who gives his mind to (over- coming them)." 100 Beading Lesson VII. The next day at a quarter to ten o'clock, the two of them hired a couple of rickshaws, and went to the Wan-fuh Lou. Having paid off their rickshaws, they went upstairs to the third floor and took their meal. The waiter set on three basins of meat, and three of vegetables, all beautifully cooked. He also set on melon seeds, ground nuts, and enough bread to fully satisfy both of them. When they had finished their meal they settled the account, came downstairs and went on to the main street. Alas for Mr. Kao! on account of his inability to use chopsticks he ' only had half a meal when he had finished he was still hungry. In all probability he will be able to make a good meal next time. The proverb says, " Raw the first time, ripe the second ": this is so. Reading Lesson VIII. ton reaching the main street they heard a band of musicians ming along blowing trumpets and beating drums. They looked up and saw a bridal chair go by, with a crowd of people following, all talking, and laughing a regular hubbub. Mr. Li said to Mr. Kao, This is a wedding, the bride is going to her mother-in-law's home. May I ask if in the part you come from there are bridal chairs like this ? Mr. Kao said, No, when the two parties are married, in the majority of cases they go in carriages to a place of worship, and the ceremony is performed there : their friends also go there to look on. Mr. Li further asked, Do the friends give any presents? Mr. Kao said, Yes, but it depends on whether the parties are rich or poor as to whether the presents are many or few, valuable or otherwise. Reading Lesson IX. After walking more than a li they came to a vacant piece of land called the Drill Ground. There Were a few military officers there and a squad of soldiers drilling, all in uniform, carrying rifles and wearing swords. In the centre of the Prill Ground there was a large cannon, and three quick-firing guns. Mr. Li said, Fifty years ago Chinese soldiers used bows and arrows, but do so no longer ; all use guns and rifles. Let us be going, there is nothing here to look at. The two moved on and talked of war, why men injured and killed each other ; why the people of this country looked on the people of that country as enemies, and not as brethren. After all they neither could guess why, 101 Beading Lesson X. Wending their way southward, in time they came to the cross roads. On the West there was a large three-storied build- ing. Mr. Kao asked Mr. Li, What building is this? He replied, This is the Post Office just completed. Will ycu be so good as to wait outside for a while ; I want to go in and buy eight stamps and seven post cards. When I have bought them and come out, I shall stick stamps on these two letters and put them in the post box, and they will without fail be delivered to-morrow. Mr. Kao said,. What if they are not delivered ? Mr. Li said, I will ask the Post Office to look into the matter ; if they cannot trace them there is no help for it, and that's the end of it. Next time I will spend a little more money and register ; that's all. Reading Lesson XI. Opposite the Post Office was a hospital ; by the side of it there was a dispensary, where, every morning the doctor held a clinic. The two went in and saw a good many sick folk. There were some whose eyes were diseased ; others with something wrong with their feet ; some had sores : there were also others afflicted with all manner of diseases. Besides these there were those who had been to the dispensary once, and this time had brought both bottle and prescription with a view to taking back more medicine: they were all truly pitiable. At the door there was a large tablet more than 10 feet long, and between 3 and 4 feet broad. On it was written, in four large gilt characters, A skilful hand brings back the Spring. It was presented to the hospital by one whose disease had been cured, as an expression of his good will. 102 Reading Lesson XII. On Wednesday morning the two went to the railway station, bought two 2nd class tickets, boarded the train and went into the country. They left the train some miles from the city, and saw flower gardens, vegetable gardens, and various kinds of trees and grass. They also saw the country folk outside the villages plough- ing and sowing. There were also water buffaloes, cows, horses, mules and donkeys there. The mules pulled the carts, the donkeys carried loads, and the mule driver had a whip in his hand. There at the flower garden they smelled the fragrance of the flowers. Mr. Kao said, If it were not that country folk ploughed and sowed and raised vegetables, we of the city would have nothing to eat and should all starve. Beading Lesson XIII. In the evening at 7.30 they boarded the train and returned to the city. On the train there was a man who asked Mr. Li his honourable name. He said, My insignificant name is Li. He also asked him where he lived. Mr. Li answered, My humble residence is Taiping Hsien. He asked him his age, to which Mr. Li replied 36. Mr. Kao was beside him listening, and taking notes with a lead pencil, Afterwards Mr. Li told him what to say when he met people. There is a proverb that says, " Nobody blames you for being too polite." This is so, but what if your vocabulary is insufficient for use? Hence, that we should learn more current expressions, is indispensable. Beading Lesson XIV. At midnight on the 9th of the month, there was a thief who tried to open Mr. Kao's front door, in order to go in and thieve. A policeman suddenly caught sight of him, ran up cautiously, grabbed him and took him to the police station. The next day he was taken to the magistrate's office for trial, and was sentenced to be beaten fifty stripes, and condemned to prison for a month. If we take other peoples' property, we cannot avoid suffering. We must go to prison and be hungry and cold for lack of food and clothing miserable from morning till night. If we were to speak in detail of the miseries endured, we could not tell all in one day. 103 Reading Lesson XV. On one occasion Mr. Kao asked Mr. Li how many sons h had. He said, Four, all engaged in study. The youngest is in the Primary School ; the eldest is in College. One of the other two is in the Upper Primary School, and one in the High School. He added that they were all making good progress in their studies. All the teachers were pleased with them and praised them for putting their mind into their studies; (and said) later on they will graduate without fail. Had these youngsters been born into the world a few years ago, they could not have studied according to present arrangements. They would all have had to repeat by heart the Four Books, and the Five Classics, and go to the prefect ural city to be examined before they could obtain a degree. Beading Lesson XVI. On the 27th of the 12th month, just before the New Year, a man came from the Telegraph Office and delivered a telegram to Mr. Li. At first he did not know who sent it, but on opening it he knew at a glance it was from his elder brother, asking him whether he would go and spend the New Year with him. He at once sent a reply telegram saying that he was engaged and could not go; but he would refer to it again in the 1st month of next year. Mr. Li's elder brother is six years older than he. He has been away from home many years, doing business as a grain dealer. He sells grain of all sorts, and has already become very wealthy, having some tens of acres of ground in the country, and considerable house property outside the city. He employs between ten and twenty assistants in the store, and passes his day with no anxiety as to food and clothing. He is also quite generous and constantly sends money home. 104 Reading Lesson XVII. In the spring of the 3rd year of the Chinese Republic, from the Ching-ming festival on, the weather was wet. It was extremely hot during the three periods which make up summer ; the autumn was very cool, and the winter bitterly cold : it snowed incessantly, and hail stones fell as large as a bean. When Mr. Kao went out he could not get on unless he wore a rain coat and carried an umbrella ; without them he would get wet through. The weather cannot be the same in all the four seasons. Years ago, all Chinese students studied a book called the Trimetrical Classic. In it was a sentence which runs, " The four seasons, spring, summer, autumn, winter, revolve without intermission." The thought is that year by year, these four seasons succeed each other without the least irregularity it is cool or hot at the proper season : this is just as it ought to be. Reading Lesson XVIII. Every one observes the 16th of the 8th month as a holiday. Mr. Li (on that day) brought his whole family to pay their respects to Mr. and Mrs. Kao. There were his father and mother, daughter, elder and younger sisters, and his younger brother, six in all. Mr. Kao gave them a warm welcome, made tea, and set on some cakes. They chatted for a considerable time then all made a move and returned home. In China there are three principal ' Feasts ' a year, viz:., the 5th of the 5th month, 15th of the 8th month, and the New Year. On the occasion of each ' Festival/ shopkeepers settle accounts. I pay up what you lent me, and you repay what you borrowed from me, 'If any one has purchased goods from the shopkeeper on credit, he must settle up all accounts at ' Feast time.' 105 Reading Lesson XIX. Every 1st and 15th of the mouth, a goodly Dumber of women passed Mr. Kao's door on their way to the temple to burn incense. Mr. Li said, Let us also go to the temple aud look round, what do you say to that ? He said, Very well, and the two then went. Arriving at the temple they went in and saw a Buddhist priest chanting. There were people performing obeisance, and burning incense before the idols, (thus) seeking happiness. They did not recognize that idols are fashioned out of clay and wood, and that to seek (good) from them does not come up to seeking (good) from one's fellows. The sight of this makes one truly heartsick. Buddhism came originally from India. The Buddhist priests who came first, all came riding on white horses; so the Emperor built a temple for them called the Temple of the White Horse. Whether it is still standing is more than I know. Beading Lesson XX. Not very far from Mr. Kao's house, merely separated from it by a single street, was a Christian place of worship. On the 6th of the present month, i.e., on Sunday, he took two friends with him to worship. On entering the main door they saw a large number of benches. At the north end of the church there was a pulpit, upon which was placed a copy of the Old Testament and a copy of the New Testament. A tablet hung on the left side, and another on the right. The Ten Commandments were written upon the left hand one ; and the Lord's Prayer on the right hand one. The members of the church gradually came along, and took their seats in an orderly way, until the church was full. Seated to the full, it held more than 200 people. The service was opened by the singing of a hymn, followed by the reading of a chapter of Scripture. The pastor engaged in prayer beseeching the Lord to bless them ; then they all sang another hymn. The singing finished there was the collection; then the pastor expounded a text of Scripture to the congregation. At the conclusion of the service, the meeting dispersed, and each returned to his own home. 106 RETURN TO the circulation desk of any University of California Library or to the NORTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY Bldg. 400, Richmond Field Station University of California Richmond, CA 94804-4698 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS 2-month loans may be renewed by calling (510)642-6753 1-year loans may be recharged by bringing books to NRLF Renewals and recharges may be made 4 days prior to due date. DUE AS STAMPED BELOW JUN 1 3 2001 w. 12,000(11/95) UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY FORM NO. DD6 BERKELEY, CA 94720 s Hampmet Binder ji Gay lord Bros. Makers Stockton, Calif. PAT. 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