Tennyson's Lancelot and Elaine Outline Questions on its Meaning and Form BY FREDERICK A. STUFF Professor of the English Language and Literature University of Nebraska LINCOLN, NEBRASKA 1911 ,'opy right, 1911 By ;i.,m-:iiiCK AMES STIFF UCSB LIBRARY 5<4 tc Tennyson's Lancelot and Elaine Outline Questions on its Meaning and Form BY FREDERICK A. STUFF Professor of the English Language and Literature University of Nebraska LINCOLN, NEBRASKA 1911 Lancelot and Elaine 1 (a) There are several effective ways of opening a poem, 1. By the use of imaginative appeals. 2. By the use of dramatic interpreta- tion. 3. By the use of the author's interpretation. What means did Tennyson use in opening this idyll, 1.1. 1-2? (b) What type qualities in Elaine's personality are given in 1.1. 1-2? (c) Are they of the True or of the Beautiful? Classify, (d) Indicate by proper word markings the word classes represented in the same lines, (e) Is, or is not, the phrase "lily maid" more satisfying than "happy maid," "sunny maid"; "charming maid"? Why? (f) Compare and contrast the type qualities in these two lines with those indicated in the first two lines of any one, or two, or all of the other Idylls of the King. Then say what you feel like saying concerning what your investigation has brought to light. 2 (a) What art purpose in letting it be known just where Elaine is? (b) Is there an imaginative "appeal" in 1. 3? (c) What is the next "appeal"? Interpret. 3 (a) What is indicated by the word "Then" 1. 6? (b) What did Elaine do and of what is it significant, kind or degree of mood, kind or degree of character, 1.1. 5-6? (c) What three things did she do and of what is each act significant kind or degree of mood, or kind or degree of character, 1.1. 7-12? Quote, (d) Does the first "effect" of the three "effects" given under (c) point to a type "cause" of Con- science (Principles "Truth") or a type "cause" of Taste (Sentiments "Beauty") in Elaine's consciousness? (e) Does the second "effect" of the three "effects" given under (c) point to a type "cause" of tates (Sentiments "Beauty..), or a type "cause" of Conscience (Principles "Truth") in Elaine's consciousness? (f) To what type "cause" does the third "effect" given under (c) point? Name the quality or charac- teristic and indicate whether it belongs to the Taste ("Beauty") type "causes" or tq the Conscience" Truth type "causes" in Elaine's con- sciousness), (g) How would you reduce the type potentiality and thus check the idealization of Elaine by a change in word values, 1. 8? 4 (a) What six things did Elaine do and of what is each act sig- nificant, kind or degree of mood, or kind or degree of character, 1.1. 14- 27? (b) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine has had the guidance of a mother? Why? (c) What force wholly separate and apart from Elaine has energized the "causes" in her consciousness that occasioned the "effects" considered in 1.1. 5-27? (d) What sort of "appeals" to Elaine were the dints and scratches on the shield? Explain, (e) What influence, if any, do the appeals of character mood and incident have upon your imagination? Explain? (f) Why is this opening stronger or weaker than the opening of Gareth and Lynette, Pelleas and Ettarre, or Geraint and Enid? Explain. 5 (a) When Elaine reads the shield what emotional inferences do you make concerning the owner of it and what qualities would you expect to find in his personality? First state your inferences, then indicate the qualities in a type diagram, (b) Do you, or do you not, feel that Tennyson's effort would have been more artistic had he visualized and characterized the outside force which you have men- tioned in your answer to 4 (c)? Why? (c) What has been accom- plished in 1.1. 1-27? 6 (a) Compare and contrast Tennyson's art in displacing the reader's mood and centering the interest upon the central figures with Malory's efforts. Consider appeals, phrases, and words. Book XVIII, Chapter VIII. "Thus it passed on tyl oure Lady Daye Assumption. Within a XV dayes of that feest the kynge lete crye a grete justes and a turnement that should be at that daye att Camelot, that is Wynchester. And the king lete crye that he and the kynge of Scottes wold juste ageynst alle that would come ageynst hem. . . . Soo Kynge Arthur made hym redy to departe to thise justys and wold have had the quene with hym, 7 (a) Classify the phrases, "lily maid"; "sacred shield"; "hidden meaning"; "pretty history"; "God's mercy"; "ten years"; "strong lance." (b) Classify the words, "soilure"; "tinct"; "scratch"; "thrust"; "Camelot." (c) Quote the three lines which suggest the high- est type potentiality in 1.1. 1-27. 8 (a) What art purpose in the question. 1.1. 28-29? (b) What in- fluence do the words "she that knew not ev'n his name," 1. 29, have upon the imagination and are they significant of kind or degree of mood, or kind or degree of character? (c) To what type "cause" in Elaine's consciousness does the "effect" just classified point? (d) What art purpose in 1.1. 30-33? (e) What two things did Lancelot do and of what is each significant, kind or degre^ of mood, or kind or degree of character? 9 (a) Classify the phrases, "trackless realms"; "black tarn"; "misty moonshine"; "crown'd skeleton"; "glittering rivulet." (b) Se- lect from some other poem two prosaic phrases, two figurative phrases, two emotional phrases, (c) What art purpose in 1.1. 34-55? (d) What "appeal" in "And set it on his head"? (e) What were the "murmurs"? Explain. (Always classify the "appeal" first. Then proceed with the interpretation, specifying the type or antitype and classifying under the generic terms "Truth" and "Beauty.") 10 (a) Make a type diagram in full form of the word "jewels," 1. 58? (b) Of what is Arthur's saying, 1.1. 58-60. significant, kind or degree of mood, or kind or degree of character? (c) To what type "caus^e" in the consciousness of Arthur does the "effect" just classi- fied point? (d) Is it a type "cause" of Taste "Beauty" or a type "cause" of Conscience "truth"? (e) Of what are 1.1. 64-66 indicative, kind or degree of mood, or kind or degree of character? (f) What hints now given concerning Lancelot and to what type "causes" do they point? (g) What force separate and apart from himself had energized these type "causes" in his consciousness? (h) What meas- ure of Lancelot's self-repression, 1.1. 70-72? (i) What appeal to the imagination in the phrase, 1. 73, and what earlier preparation makes this possible? (j) What fact is interpreted by "Is this world's hugest," 1. 76? (k) Recast 1.1. 75-76 and reduce the interpretative value by presenting the fact statement in 5xa form. 11 (a) What do you feel to be the chief characteristics in Arthur that have been brought into view thus far? (b) Do you, or do you not, feel that Arthur is in full sympathy with the Queen? Why? (c) What do you infer from the Queen's reply, 1. 80? (d)What pur- pose in having the King say "the greatest deeds of Lancelot, and his prowess," etc., 1.1. 8-83? (e) What does the Queen do, 1.1. 83-85, and of what is it significant, kind or degree "effect" of mood, or kind or degree "effect" of character? (f)What did Lancelot infer from it? (g) What "cause" in the Quenn's consciousness occasions the "effect" that Lancelot misinterprets? (h) Which of the two modes of your imagination is energized, idealization or subordination? Why? (i) What does Lancelot do or say, 1.1. 93-94, and of what is it significant kind or degree "effect" of mood, or kind or degree "effect" of char- acter? (j) To what type or antitype does the effect point? (k) Do you, or do you not, feel that there is an "effect" in 1. 95? Why. 12 (a?* What do you infer concerning the character of the Queen, 1.1. 97-101? (b) Give this "effect" its proper classification. (c)What would the Queen have said or done if Lancelot had not remained? Ad) Do you, or do you not, feel that Lancelot is subordinated to the Queen? Why? )fe) What sort of an "effect," classify and interpret, 1.1. 103-119? (When you interpret an "effect" always state what type "cause" or what perverted form of it is brought into view by the "effect.") /(f) Of what is it significant that Lancelot should refer to Arthur as "faultless," 1. 119? fls) Where now does the subordination rest relative to the Queen and Lancelot? Relative to Lancelot and Arthur? (h) Classify the following phrases: "shameless ones"; "blade of grass"; "flower of bravery"; "pearl of beauty." (i) Classi- fy the same phrases relative to their interpretation of "Beauty" or "Truth" qualities or types. 13*(a) What does the Queen do, 1. 120, and of what is it sig- nificant, mood or character? ^b) Do you, or do you not, feel that there is different feeling in the use of "faultless," 1. 121, than when it was used in 1. 119? Why? /\c) Under the cover of what types does the Queen see Arthur, 1. 123? Make an outline, (d) Quote and classi- fy the "effects" in 1.1. 121-139? (e) Classify the phrases: "scornful laugh"; "faultless king"; meddling rogue"; "vermin voices." x 14 (a) What interpretation concerning Lancelot in 1. 140? (b) What "effect" do you find in 1.1. 141-144 and to what type or antitype in the consciousness of Lancelot does it point? Me) Compare and contrast Tennyson's art with Malory's way of presenting his material. See 6 (a) and "but at that tyme she wold not, she said, for she was seke and myghte not ride at that tyme. "That me repenteth," sayd the kynge, "for this seven yere ye sawe not suche a noble felawshyp to gyders, excepte at Wytsontyde whan Galahad departed from the courte." "Truly." sayd the quene to the kynge, "ye must holde me excused. I maye not be there, and that me repenteth." And many deemed the quene wold not be there by cause of Sir Launcelot du Lake, for Sire Launcelot would not ride with the kynge; for he said that he was not hole of the wound whiche Sire Mador had gyven hym. . . . Soo whan the kynge was departed, the quene called Sire Launcelot to her, and said thus, "Sire Launcelot, ye are gretely to blame thus to holde yow behynde my lord. What trowe ye. What will youre enemyes and myne saye and dewe? nought els but, "See how Sire Launcelot holdeth him over behind the kyng, and soo doth the quene, for that they wold have their pleasys to gyders; and thus wylle they saye, "sayd the quene to Syr Launcelot, "have ye noo doubte thereof." "Madame said Syr Launcelot," I allowe your wytte, it is of late come syn ye were wyse, and therefor, Madame, at this tyme I will be rtilyed by your counceylle, and thys nyghte I wylle take my rest, and to morowe by tyme I wyll take my waye toward Wyn- chestre. "But wote yow wel," sayd Sir Launcelot to the quene, "that at the justes I will be ageynst the kynge and ageynst all his felaushyp." * _ -4^ 16 (a) What "effect," 1.1. 144-157? Classify and interpret. C*>) Point out the steps taken by the Queen in subordinating Lancelot to her wishes, (c) What interpretation does the Queen make concern- ing Arthur commencing with, "and our true King," etc., 1. 151; and how does it differ from her previous interpretation? (d) Briefly summarize your present impressions of the Queen; Arthur; Lancelot. ft -In (a) Just why is Lancelot angry with himself and of what is it significant, mood or character? (b) Are the expressions, 1. 161, "green path" and "show'd the rarer foot" forms of interpretative diction merely, or are they "effects," as well, upon which emotional inference can be based? (c) If these expressions are "effects" to what types in environment do they point? (d) If they are interpreta- tive expressions what qualities do they interpret? (e) Do you, or do you not, think that an "effect" may sometimes oe expressed in interpretative diction and thus increase the emotional value? Why? If) In the light of what you have given under (e) discuss the ex- pression "Fired from the west," 1. 167. (g) What do you desire for Lancelot? ^ 17 (a) Classify the phrase "myriad-wrinkled man," 1. 169. (b) Of what is the word "marvell'd," 1. 171 significant? (c) Of what is 1. 175 significant, kind or degree>of mood, or kind or degree of char- acter? Classify and interpret, ^d) What art purpose in 1.1. 176-177? )C(e) Do you, or do you not, think that what has just been considered constitutes a degree "effect" of incident? Why? (f) Is the mood of the household presented by "effects" or by the poet's interpretation? Why? (g) By what "effects" was Elaine's father moved to interpret as he did 1.1. 180-185? 18 (a) What "effect" in "by mere mischance," etc. 1. 188? Classi- fy and interpret, (b) What "effect" in Lancelot's making known as much as he did yet not revealing his name? Classify and interpret, (c) What "effect" in the immediate request for a shield? Classify and interpret, ^(d) What do you emotionally infer from the announce- ment "Here is Torre's"? AC(k) Quote and interpret the "effects" upon Lavaine, 1.1. 206-221. Name the type "cause" to which each "effect" points and determine whether it is of the "Beauty" or the "Truth" forces. (1) What art purpose in having the dream told? (m) Do you, or do you not, feel that Lavaine is like Sir Torre? Why? Like Elaine? Why? 19 (a) Classify the phrases "wordless man"; "lily maid"; "Ar- thur's hall"; "golden hair"; "noble knight." (b) Properly mark the words "joust"; "damsel"; "maiden"; "knight"; "pool"; "jest"; "joke"; "stream." >fc) What "effect" 1. 223, "Smiling a moment"? Classify and interpret. If you feel that Lancelot is not ignoble here show what type "cause" is brought into view and determine whether it is a "Beauty" or a "Truth" force in Lancelot's consciousness? J(d) What measures the degree of the fineness of Lancelot's courtesy, 1.1. 222- 228? Quote. Xe) What expression in the lines just considered points to the activity of a "Truth" force in Lancelot's consciousness even while the "Beauty" forces are energized and pressing for utterance? Quote, (f) What "effect" on "plain Sir Torre" and what do you infer from it? (g) To which mode is the imagination energized by the "effect" just considered, idealization or subordination? Why? )(h) What did Rlaine do in the presence of the stranger and of what is each act significant, kind or degree of mood, or kind or degree of character? (i) Name the type "cause" in the consciousness of Elaine to which each "effect" just considered points and classify them under the "Beauty" or "Truth" forces, (j) Do you, or do you not, feel that the interpretative expression "yet not falsely," 1. 235, is necessary? Why? (k) Interpret 1.1. 236-240. Name the type "causes" y revealed and classify under "Beauty" or "Truth" forces. (1) What art purpose in having Sir Torre speak, 1.1. 229-230? 20 (a) What sort of an "effect" would a "mellow voice" be? (b) To what type "cause" would it point? (c) Which of the two great forces in consciousness would be called into expression, "Beauty," or "Truth"? (d) What sort of an "effect" in "Lifted his eyes," 1. 243? or is not, "read his lineaments," 1. 243, an effect? Why? L'l #u) Uo you, or do you not, think that the Queen is "marr'd" and has she been driven into "wastes" and "solitudes"? Why? /) What art purpose in comparing Lancelot with another as the poet does in 1.1. 247-252? (c) Do you, or do you not, experience any change in the visualization of the form and face of Lancelot? wiy? See 1.1. 1-27, 28-33, 67-72, 81-85, 141-144, 180-185, 206-207, 246-259. *(d) Does the imagination insist on taking account of the harder outlines and thus subordinating the face, or does the imagination insist on idealiz- ing the form and face of Lancelot? Why?-7t(e) To what suggestion from association and environment has Elaine responded and under what notion will she begin to react? (f) What is your chief desire for her? (g) Do you see any obstacles that may so develop as o hinder the consummation of the desire you have just stated. (Usually in every well organized plot two obstacles to the chief desire or Maximum Consummation" are sighted in the first fifth of the plot treatment.) -'l (a) Classify the phrases "ancient swordcut"; "great knight"; "rude hall"; "minstrel melody"; "wordless man"; "fierce design." (b) What is it that Lancelot does which measures the fineness of the man, 1. 260-266? Classify this "effect." (c) What has become your chief desire tor Lancelot? (d) What effect in "suddenly speak- ing," etc., 1. 270? INe) What measures the character of the "wordless man"? (f) What indicates Lavaine's mood? jf(g) What measure of Lancelot's self-repression and voluntary self-subordination, 1.1. 284- 316? y(h) Do you, or do you not, feel that Lancelot is a greater man thanArthur? Why? (i) Do you, or do you not, find yourself more interested in Lancelot than in Arthur? Why? 23 (a) What "effect," 1. 318? Classify, (b) To what type "cause" does it point? (c) Is the "effect" an outward expression of "Beauty" or "Truth"? (d) Upon what "effects" 1.1. 317-328, does Elaine base her emotional inference? (e) What type "cause" does she imagine occa- sions the "effect" which she has tried to read? (f) Does she, or does she not, imagine a nonexistent "cause"? (g) What great "experien- tial effect," 1.1. 329-336? (h) What is the real and existent "cause" in Lancelot's consciousness that occasions the "effect" which Elaine tries to interpret? (i) Do you, or do you not, feel that a tragedy is inevitabjje^ Why? 24(TaJ& What use of figures does the poet make, 1.1. 329-337? (b) What Effects" 1.1. 338-341? Classify and interpret, (c) What art purpose in having Lavaine pass "inward"? 1. 344? (d) What is the feeling under which Elaine is acting? (e) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine is conscious of the feeling? Why? (f) Do you, or do you not, think that Elaine knows Lancelot is about to go? Why? (g) What, then, is the real and existent type "cause" in Elaine's con- sciousness that occasions her early rising? (h) What "effects" in "smooth'd," 1. 345, "humming to himself"? (i) Do you, or do you not,, think that the "effects" just considered clearly point to type "causes"? Why? (j) What is usually going on in consciousness when a person hums? (k) What was Lancelot's mood the day before? Quote the "effect" from which you emotionally infer what the mood was. (1) How do you account for the change which you observe? (m) What 6 X "effects," 1.1. 347-348? Classify and interpret, (n) Why does the poet so completely interpret Lancelot's mood, 1.1. 348-354. (o) What effects in "silent," 1. 353, "rapt," 1. 354? (p) What "effect" on Elaine does Lancelot read that energizes the mood which the poet has interpreted in the lines considered under (n) ? 25 (a) What does Elaine do, 1.1. 355-360, and of what is it sig- nificant, kind effect of mood or character, or degree effect of mood or character? (b) To what type "cause" does the "effect" just con- sidered point? (c) Which of the two great forces in consciousness has been given concrete expression, "Beauty" or "Truth"? (d) What measure of Lancelot's fineness and manliness follows Elaine's request? (e) What saves to Elaine her simplicity and modesty in this situation? (f) Do you, or do you not, desire to see the request granted? Why? 26)?a) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine's request points to ill breeding and rudeness? Why? Xb) Do y u . or do you not, feel that Lancelot treats the request as coming from a bold, untutored country girl? Why? 27 (a) What "effects," 1.1. 366-368? 368-370. Classify and interpret, (b) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine's request is the first one of the kind Lancelot ever received? Why?X(c) Just why does Lance- lot grant Elaine's request? Consider his reply to Elaine, 361-363. (d) Do you, or do you not, feel that the subordination has been shifted, 1.1. 366-376? Why? (e) What is the art purpose in the lines just considered? (f) What "effects" 1.1. 370-375? Classify and interpret. (g) How does Elaine interpret the last "effect"? (h) Through what "effect" do you get her interpretation? (i) How and by what means is the last trace of Elaine's subordination swept away? Quote, (j) What "effect" in "A grace to me," etc., 1.1. 381-382? (k) Why does Lancelot say "my child"? (1) To what type "cause" does it point? (m) "Which of the two ultimate forces has been given concrete ex- pression, "Beauty" or "Truth"? (n) What "effects" on Lavaine, 1.1. 383*386? (o) To what type "causes" do they point? (p) Which do the express "Beauty" or "Truth"? v r-r Why not have Sir Torre instead of Lavaine? (b) What art purpose, if any, in having Lavaine so appreciative of Elaine? What "effect" on Lancelot, 1. 387? (d) What might a less refined man than Lancelot have Jone under such circumstances? (e) How do all the "effects/ 1.1. 345-387, cause yor to feel toward Lancelot? (f) Compare and contrast Lancelot's 'bearing toward Elaine with his conduct toward the Queen? (g) Do you, or do you not, feel that there is a greater spiritual affinity between Lancelot and Elaine than be- tween Lancelot and the Queen? Why? (h) Do you, or do you not, feel that Lancelot has ever met an Elaine before coming to this Astolat castle? Why? 29 (a) Quote and classify each "effect," 1.1. 388-396. (b) How does the poet visualize Elaine in the lines just considered? Quote, (c) Which details visualize to the senses? Quote, (d) Which detail Interprets to the sensibilities? (e) Which detail is the most illumi- nating to the imagination and effective enough to be considered as a "kindling hint"? Quote, (f) Classify the phrases "noble lord"; "red sleeve"; "yet-unblazoned shield"; "sudden stop"; "bright hair"; "serious face"; "brother's kiss." 30 (a) Classify the words "sparkle" and "dipt," 1. 394? (b) What word in 1.1. 393-394 is sufficiently potent to be classified as a "kindling hint"? Why? (c) What is the borrowed element in "dipt"? (d) How are 1.1. 395-396 related to 1.1. 1-27? y((e) wb -y did Tennyson open the poem at the point just now reached, 1.1. 395 -396? 31 (a) Do you, or do you not, feel that one of the turning points of the plot has been reached, 1. 396? Why? (b) To which division of the plot, first or second, do you now think that the material in 1.1. 1- 27 belongs? Why? 32 (a) Classify the phrases: "new companions"; "long backs"; "bushless downs"; "forty years"; "white rock"; "massive columns"; "shorecliff cave"; "green light"; "milky roofs"; "tremulous aspen- leaves"; "falling showers," 1.1. 397-410. (b) What "effects," if any, in the lines just considered? Classify and interpret, (c) What is the most effective figurative expression in clause form, 1.1. 405-410? 33 (a) Why does Lancelot reveal his identity to Lavaine? (b) What "effects" on Lavaine and what subordination, 1.1. 418-425? (O What figure in 1. 429 and is the appeal to the "Beauty" or "Truth" types? (d) Do you, or do you not, feel that 1.1. 430-431 clearly visualize? Why? (e) What does "clear-faced" interpret to you? (f) Do you, or do you not, feel that "clear-faced" serves as a kindling hint? Why? (g) What art purpose in 1. 442? 34 (a) What "effect," 1.1. 443-450? Classify and interpret, (b) To what type "cause" does it point? (c) Is it the concrete expression of "Beauty" or "Truth"? (d) What "effect" on Lavaine, 1. 450? (e) What "effects" in "bode a little till he saw," etc., 1.1. 459-460? "Then he hurled into it," etc., 1.1. 460-461? Classify and interpret. (f) What is the nature of the "effect" of the "red sleeve" on Lance- lot's helmet to those engaged in the tournament? Why? (g) What visualization, 1.1. 477-478? Quote, (h) What is the essential visualiz- ing detail? Quote. (1) Explain the nature and use of the figures, 1.1. 480-484? (j) What is the borrowed element in "stormy crests that smoke against the skies"? (The borrowed element will be seen if "smoke" in its literal sense is outlined in type form.) (k) What "effects," 1.1. 485-488? Classify and interpret. 35 (a) What "effect" 1.1. 508-509? Interpret, (b) What "effects" 1.1. 510-516? Interpret. (c) What progression do you find in the series of "effects" just considered? X(d) Why did Lavaine permit the hermit to carry Lancelot in? What "effect" in this? (e) How and where did the poet prepare for this scene? 36 (a) Classify the phrases, "ghastly groans"; desolate isles"; "twenty times"; "carven flower"; "restless heart"; "smiling face"; "frowning heart." Ttb) What "effects" on Arthur, 1.1. 530-545? In- terpret, pc) Do you, or do you not, think that Gawain is presented by the use of "effects"? What proof? Quote, (d) Do you, or do you not, think that the presentation could have been made more effective? Why? (e) Is he, or is he not, worthy of a stronger presentation to the imagination? Why? (f) What reason for the use of 1. 552? In- terpret the meaning, (g) Does the line quoted interpret the "Beauty" or the "Truth" aspects? (h) How would you express the meaning in a plain statement of fact? 37na) What "effects" on Arthur and the Queen, 1.1. 563-595? classify and interpret, "/(b) What sort of an "effect" was the "red sleeve" on Lancelot's helmet to Arthur?^(C(c) What type "cause" does he infer from the "effect"? (d) Is the "cause" real and existent or false and nonexistent? (e) What experiential "effect" has come to Arthur from the given "effect"? (f) How does Arthur interpret his "experiential effect" to the Queen? Quote, (g) What sort of an "effect" to the Queen was Arthur's announcement, 1.1. 600-602? V(h) Classify each "effect," 1.1. 602-610?*^ (i) What is the most active type "cause" in the Queen's consciousness? V(j) Does it occasion the con- crete expression of the "Ugly" or the 'False"? Why? *tywMf" 38 (a) Do you, or do you not, feel that the Queen loved Lance- lot? Why? (b) Do you, or do you not-^ee any art purpose in having Gawain fail to find Lancelot? Why? f[c) How does it happen that Elaine greets Gawain instead of the Lord or Torre? What sort of an "effect" is it? Classify and interpret, ^id) How does the conduct of Elaine differ from that of the QueenrV(e) Explain why the news concerning Lancelot affects those two TSO differently? (f) What is accomplished by this? 39 (a) What art purpose in forcing upon the reader the inter- pretation in 1. 635? (b) Do you, or do you not, feel that Gawain is characterized and subordinated by what he does, 1.1. 635-646? Why? (c) Do you, or do you not, think that Elaine read Gawain's conscious- ness and character by the "effects" just considered? What is the type "cause" in Elaine's consciousness? (d) What "effect" on Elaine, 1.1. 647-654? Classify, (e) Does this type "cause" energize the con- crete expression of "Beauty" or "Truth"? iflf) Do you idealize or sub- ordinate Elaine when she rebukes Gawain? Why? Consider 1. 550, "with smiling face," etc."^(g) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine has changed in her consciousness and bearing? If there is a change how cay it be accounted for? 4l5a) What "effects" on Gawain, 1.1. 655-665? Classify and inter- pret, (c) Consider the chief "effects" upon Elaine given thus far and quote in full the one you feel to be the most illuminating. Indicate to what type "cause" the "effect" points and determine whether it is an expression of "Beauty" or "Truth"? 41 Tfc) What do you feel to be Gawain's motive, or what are the type "causes" of the "effects," 1.1. 675-677, 11. 679-684? >\b) Since Lancelot is what he is, and you know it, do you idealize or subordi- nate Gawain? Why? (c) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine comprehends what Gawain intended she should ? 'ytd) Do you, or do you not, desire that she should? Why? (e) Interpret the "effects." 7N(f) Do you, or do you not, feel that there would have been a change in I your experience relative to Lancelot if Elaine's mother had been liv- ing and had spoken face to face with Elaine concerning Lancelot's pledges to the Queen instead of Gawain? Why? 42 (a) Which of the two forces, "Beauty" or "Truth" has been energized in your consciousness in the control of your feelings toward Lancelot and Elaine? Which of the two forces has been made assert- ive in the control of your feelings toward Gawain and the Queen? Explain. (b) Classify the phrases, "golden eloquence"; "wild flower"; "garden yews"; "azure lion"; "gentle maiden"; "lonely heart"; "crafty house." 43 (a) Do you, 01* do you not, feel that Arthur is a flabby weak- ling? Why? (b) What "effect" on the "old dame," 1.1. 724-725? (c) What "effect" on the Queen follows? (d) Upon which one does the subordination rest? Why? (e) Do you, or do you not, desire to see it lifted? Why? (f) What "effect," 1.1. 731-734? Classify and interpret, (g) Upon whom does the subordination now rest? (h) Do you, or do you not, feel that Lancelot and Guinevere are on an equal footing at the Court? Why? 44 (a) Do you, or do you not, feel that Guinevere'e love for Lancelot has a more enduring quality than Elaine's love? Why? (b) What art purpose in having the scenes with Elaine and the Queen as prominent figures shifted back and forth? (c) To which one does Lancelot seem closer, Guinevere or Elaine? Why? X 45 (a) Compare and contrast 1.1. 740-742 with Malory's presenta- tion. In your appreciation discuss the literary values in the presen- tation of the personality of Elaine and her father. "Now fair fader said thenne Elayne, "I requyre you gyve me leve to ryde and to seke hym, or els I wote I shalle go oute of my mynde, for a shalle never stynte tyl I find hym and my brooder Syre Lavayne." "Doo as it lyketh yow, "sayd her fader, "for me sore repenteth of the hurts of that noble Knyghte." Ryghte soo the mayde made her redy, and before Syre Gawayne makynge grete dole." *(b) Are you, or are you not, willing to have Elaine go? Why?X(c) What is the art purpose in letting the reader know why the father gives his consent to Elaine's going? 46 (a) What has measured most completely the noble nature of Elaine and its constraining power? Quote. (b) What "effects," classify and interpret, 1.1. 777-782 ?X( C ) Do you, or do you not, feel like correcting your first impressions of Sir Torre? Why? (d) Classi- fy and interpret the "effect" upon Elaine which comes to you through what she does not do and does not say in this connection and which you have eveiry reason to expect that she will say and do, 1.1. 785-793. (e) Do you, or do you not, feel that the poet's disposition of Sir Torre is in keeping with his personality? Why? 47 (a) Why have Elaine first see the "casque," 1. 800? (b) what sort of an "effect" to Elaine is the "scarlet sleeve" in the place where it is? (c) What type "cause" does she infer? (d) Is the "cause" real and existent, or false and nonexistent? Why? (e) What "ex- periential effect" does the poet interpret? Quote in full. 48 (a) Interpret the "effect," 1. 812? (b) What art purpose in the same line, 812?7>(b) Interpret the "effects," "He roll'd his eyes"; "she started to him"; "His eyes glisten'd." (c) Do you, or do you not, feel that "Is it for me?", 1. 817, is an "experiential effect"? Why? See 1.1. 327-337? /(d) What art purpose in 1. 820? )f(e) What "effect," 1.1. 823-824? ' Classify and interpret, (f) What Is the type "cause"? (g) Is it the concrete expression of "Beauty" or "Truth"^p(h) What type "cause" does Elaine infer fro mthe "effect" just considered, 1.1. 823-824? X(i) Is it real and existent, or false and nonexistent? What proof?y(j) Is it, or is it not, a corrective "effect" to Elaine? Why? (k) Do you, or do you not, feel that 1. 825 interprets an "ex- periential effect"? Why? jijl) Does, or does not, the same line serve as an "effect" to your imagination? Why? (in) What quality or type is most insistent in your own consciousness as you seriously consider the simile "slipt like water"? 49 (a) What "effects" in "No rest for me ... I am at rest"? Interpret, (b) Does Elaine discern the truth intuitively and subject- ively experience it, or does she intellectually know the fact? What is the fact? (c) Do you, or do you not, feel that Lancelot understands Elaine? Why? (d) Do the lines, 831-832, indicate "knowing" or "feel- ing"?^ (e) What is the "sad secret"? (f) Do you, or do you not, feel that serious consequences can yet be averted? Why? (g) Interpret the "effect," "and so turn'd sighing." 50 (a) Classify the phrases, "weirdly sculptured gates"; "rich city"; 'meek maid"; "rough nurse"; "sick child"; "first fall"; "deep love"; "sad secret"; "fine care"; "knightly fashion." (b) What art purpose in 1.1. 838-872? 51 (a) In+erpret the "effects" 1.1. 885-898. (b) Is, or is not, the subjective experience of Elaine becoming objective and concrete? Why? (c)What is the meaning, 1.1. 870-872? Interpret. 52 (a) What was' your chief desire or "Maximum Consumma- tion"? (b) Do you, or do you not, feel that you have found any lines that reveal to you the inevitable outcome? *(c) How do you feel 10 toward Lancelot, 1. 899? (d) Do you, or do you not, feel that thus far Lancelot has discerned the "Truth" in Elaine? Why? Xe) Is, or is not, Lancelot's discernment of "Beauty" in Elaine potent enough to warrant the poet in having Lancelot change in his attitude and feeling toward Elaine and thus change what seems to be inevitable? Why? , 53 fa) What art purpose in having Lancelot return to Astolat? \ (b) What sort of an "effect," 1.1. 901-903? Interpret and clearly state the type "cause." (c) Is "Beauty" or "Truth" concretely expressed in this "effect." fl(d) Classify the phrases, "sweet self"; "festal robes"; "victims flowers. "p(e) How do you account for Elaine's conduct here in the light of what happened, 1.1. 825-832? 54 (a) What sort of an "effect," 1.1. 906-912? Interpret and clearly state the type "cause." (b) Is the "effect" an exhibit of "Truth" or "Beauty"? (c) Are there any reasons why Lancelot has not discerned that such a gift cannot be satisfactory to Elaine? (d) Do you, or do you not, see why Elaine cannot speak? cf. 1.1. 340-375.^ (e) Just why is Lancelot so slow to understand Elaine and what does it measure? 55 (a) What "effects," 1.1. 921-922, 925, 932-934? Interpret and clearly state the type "causes." (b) What measure of the complete spiritualization of Elaine's love do you find? Quote, ^fc) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine is subordinated? Why? (d) Do you, or do you not, feel that this scene is inartistic and unwarranted because of Elaine's character? Why? we) Do you. or do you not, feel that Lancelot is true and honorable? Why?V(f) What art purpose in having Lancelot seek Elaine? f 56 (a) Do you, or do you not, feel Lancelot's effort is of much importance? Why?Ab) What "effect," 1.1. 941-942? (c) Do you, or do you not, approve of Lancelot's interpretation of the nature of Elaine's feeling? Why? V(d) What does Lancelot mean, 1.1. 949-950? T\(e) Why are these lines fne most significant of any thus far given? 57 (a) How does Tennyson's measurement of Elaine's mood, 1.1. 958-961, differ from Malory's, "Thenne she shryked shyrly and felle doune in a swoune; and thenne wymmen bare her in to her chamber, and there she made over moche sorrowe. . . . Thenne Sir Launce- lot took his leve and soo they departed, and came unto Wynchestre." ^(b) How does it happen that the father is upon the scene? (c) Do 'you, or do you not, feel that "rough discourtesy" will accomplish what the father desires? T^d) Do you, or do you not, feel that Lancelot is under any obligation to Elaine? Why?^(e) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine is subordinated by what she does, 1.1. 974-975? Why? (f) What art purpose in 1. 975 ?>j/ (g) What measure of Lancelot's fineness of feeling have you founor ' ~ 58^a) What "effects," 1.1. 982-990? Interpret. Xb) What arV 'purpose, 1.1. 1000-1011?/ (c) What "effects," 1.1. 996-1011? Interpret. (d) Do you, or do you not, feel disappointed in Elaine because of what she feels and does? Why? 59 (a) What sort of an "effect," 1. 1012? Explain and clearly state the type "cause." (b) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine is delirious? Why? (c) What art purpose in the association, "fiery dawning," "wild with wind," . . . shrieks before a death"? 60 (a) What "effect," 1.1. 1020-1035? Explain and clearly state the type "cause." (b) What "effects" in "gave a languid hand"; "Speak- ing a still good morrow with her eyes"? Me) What art purpose in giving the dream before the request is mafie? iftd) What "effect" in Elaine's request to be carried to the Court? 'Interpret and clearly state the type "cause. 'V(e) Do you, or do you not, desire to have the 11 x request granted? Why? (f) Does it seem to you that Elaine chooses to go to the court for Lancelot's sake? Why? 61 (a) What "effects," 1.1. 1055-1065? Classify and interpret, (b) Do you, or do you not, think that it is Lancelot's fault, 1.1. 1068-1070? Why? (c) Do you, or do you not, think that the "effect" 1.1. 1071- 1077, reveals mood and character? Why? (d) What does Elaine's reply indicate and measure, ^e) Do you, or do you not, feel" like taking the father's side against Elaine and forcing her to see the faults of Lancelot? Why? (f) How completely did Elaine under- stand her father and his purpose? Xg) What "effect" in the granting of Elaine's request, 1. 1092? (h) Interpret as fully as you can Elaine's ideal ol love. 63Ha) Why is Elaine's face bright, 1. 1095, and why does the poet say "bright as" etc. (b) Why have Lavaine write the letter? (c) Why does Elaine feel that she must bear the letter herself? (d) Do you, or do you not, wish to see her hindered in her plan? Why? '(e) What art purpose in having Elaine plan all her details? (f) Why have her dress like the "Queen's for richness"? (g) For whose sake and for what purpose does she go to meet the Queen? (h) How can she speak and why should she?X(i) What art purpose in having the "dumb old man" go with Elaine? >^j) W T hy does the father make no objections? (k) Why, "so cheerful"? (1) What art purpose in hav- ing so much time elapse?X(m) Do you, or do you not, feel that there Is any tragedy in Elaine's death? (n) Has her power to live in your life decreased or increased? 63 (a) What does the poet accomplish by the use of "bent brows'"? (b) Classify the phrases, "bent brows"; "blackest samite"; "life-long creature"; "dumb old servitor"; "black decks"; "quiet brows"? (c) Do you, or do you not, feel that it is good art to have the silken case used as it is? Why? (d) Which of the two brothers speaks, 1. 1144? (e) Which one, 1. 1145? (f) Do you, or do you not, feel that the author succeeded in freeing this scene from funereal aspects? Why? x 64 (a) Explain the reference "That day." (b) How long since Lancelot returned to the court? X c ) Do you, or do you not, think that Lancelot has followed out his usual course of conduct when returning to the court after his jousts? Why? (d) Any degree "effect" herein? Classify, interpret and clea'rly state the type "cause"? (e) Do you, or do you not, think that Lancelot has always secured an audience with the Queen as he tries to, 1.1. 1160-1161? Why? (f) Do you, or do you not, think this course is taken on the spur of the moment? Why?X(g) Explain fully the art in 1.1. 1166- 65 (a) What art purpose in announcing the place of meeting, 1.1. 1170-1171?i(b) Did you, or did you not, expect Lancelot to kneel? Why? (c) Why does he turn so abruptly to the "rumors"? V(d) Is Lancelot less, or more formal than you expected? Why? (e) Is he acting, or is he acted upon? (f) Why did Lancelot make this speech? (g) What do you think of it? (h) Do you, or do you not, feel less sympathy for Lancelot? Why? ^^ 66 (a) What indicates and measures the Queen's moodW(b) What device is used to measure the time? (c) What "effects," 1.1. 1194-1196? Classify. Interpret and clearly state the type "cause." (d) Where does the subordination rest? (e) Why the full name, 1. 1198? (f) Do you, or do you not, feel that the Queen's love is genuine? Why? (g) Why does the Queen say, "I for you"? J^h) What measures the Queen's effort to subordinate Lancelot? Quote, (i) Why does she subordinate her own beauty? (j) Why does she change and take 12 back the gift? /(k) Did she, or did she not, intend to turn over the diamonds and have them added to the pearls? Why? (1) What did the Queen expect to accomplish? (m) Do you, or do you not, feel any sympathy for her? Why? (n) Why did not Lancelot try to soothe and calna the Queen by explanation and apology? 67 fo) What "effect," 1.1. 1225-1229? Classify, clearly state the type "cause" and interpret, (b) What measure of Lancelot by what he does not do? j4c) Why have the barge pass at this moment? (d) Why does the poet say, "Lay smiling"? /(e) What art purpose in having the meeting of Lancelot and the Queen at this place? (f) Do you, or do you not, feel that Lancelot desires to continue the intrigue with the Queen? Why? 68Aa) Why is the Queen so disturbed, 1. 1235? (b) Classify the phrases, "wild Queen"; "marble stair"; "haggard face"; "broken rocks"; "Fairy Queen"; "thoughtless man." (c) What "effects," 1.1. 1240-1251? Classify and interpret. X(d) D you, or do you not, desire to see Gawain chosen to act as one of the pall bearers? Why? Why are Percivale and Galahad chosen? (f) Why does Arthur act so quickly ??^(g) Do you, or do you not, find your respect for Arthur increasing? (Why? y 7^69 (a) Why does Gawain come first? *b) Why does the poet say "mused"? (c) Do you, or do you not, expect Lancelot to do differ- ently? Why? (e) Do you, or do you not, think that the Queen realizes that it is the corpse of her rival? Why? (f) How do you account for what she does? y~ 70 ^a) Interpret the letter, 1.1. 1264-1274. (\>) Quote the line which is the most significant to you. v(c) What was Elaine's purpose in coming to the court 71 (a) What "effect," 1.1. 1275-1278? Classify and interpret, (b) Do you, or do you not. feel that Lancelot now understands Elaine, 1.1. 1280-1298? Why? (c) Do you, or do you not, regret that Lancelot explains, 1.1. 1286-1287? Why? (d) Do you, or do you not, feel that it was worth while for Elaine to plan to be taken to the court? Why? (e) Do you, or do you not, feel that Elaine was the victim of environ- ment, and circumstances? Why?*' (f) Was, or was not, Elaine weak, self-centered and morally a suicide? Proof, (g) Did, or did not, Elaine fail to conquer her environment and its attendant circum- stances in the highest way? Why? 72 (a) Why does the Queen speak as she does to Lancelot, 1.1. 1300-1301? (b) What "effect." "hers fell," 1. 1302? Classify and interpret, (c) Why does Lancelot speak of the details of the affair, 1.1. 1393-1314? (d) What do you infer from this reply to the Queen relative to Lancelot's attitude toward her? (e) What "causes" in Arthur's consciousness have/been energized? (f) How is this ener- gization exhibited? Quote. ^