The Abbott Memorial Building. n C'? The Pomfret Library Vermont In the Abbott Memorial Library Building An attractive Library Building full of the Best Books, this may be a cheering and helpful Possession for any Community ; but to become such, and thereby to become also a helpful factor in Public Education, it must rest in the hands of a Sympathetic and Wise Librarian. Such a Librarian, binding together her Community, its Schools and its Books, and thus, as her Library's Emblem suggests, completing the Ancient Highway of Educational Opportunity, Pomfret has in Abba Doton Chamberlin. The Elm Tree Press : Woodstock Vermont 1911 Front Board of Library Commissioners, Montpelier, Vt* CONTENTS Trustees: 1911 6 Note of Explanation 7 The Broken Bridge : the Emblem of the Library 8 The Pomfret Library: The Library Building 9 The Library, its work and its methods | 2 Letter from Judge Abbott 40 Historical Sketch of Pomfret 4 1 Pomfret Statistics 46 Libraries and Books in Pomfret 46 Hosea Doton 50 Abba Doton Chamberlin 5 1 ILLUSTRATIONS The Abbott Memorial Building Frontispiece Abba Doton Chamberlin, Librarian Facing 9 Abbott Memorial Library, Main Floor 1 Abbott Memorial Library, Basement 1 3 Pomfret Center School Facbg 1 6 North Pomfret School Facing 20 Book Plates Facing 24 Barber School Facing 28 Barber School, at Work Facing 32 Judge Ira A. Abbott Facing 40 Map of Pomfret Facing 42 A Pomfret Hillside Facing 44 TRUSTEES: 1911. Judge Ira A. Abbott Mrs. Frank S. Mackenzie Mrs. Estelle G. Perkins Mr. Henry Brockway Mr. Fred L. Davis Mr. Walter H. Harrington Judge Charles H. Maxham Mr. Elbridge Perry Mr. Harold Seaver Mr. Allen W. Thompson Librarian Mrs. Abba Doton Chamberlin NOTE OF EXPLANATION This pamphlet has been prepared and published because the Board of Library Commissioners of Vermont believe that the story of what the Pomfret library is doing for its community will be interesting and helpful to those who, in other towns of Vermont, are trying to make more efficient the libraries in their charge. The Commissioners also hope that the pamphlet will be of value to library workers in other States, and that both in and out of Vermont it may encourage the friends of books and reading in towns and villages which have no libraries to take steps to establish them. The map and the historical and biographical notes are included because it seemed that a statement of the conditions under which Mrs. Chamberlin's methods have been applied and proved successful should accompany the statement of the methods themselves. One who reads the whole pamphlet will surely feel that what has been done in this small, widely scattered community can be done in others ; and that the methods successful here will be even more successful if tried in larger and more compact communities. Mrs. Frank S. Mackenzie of Woodstock, a trustee and a friend of the library, has by a generous contribution made it possible to publish this pamphlet, and Mr. John Cotton Dana, a native of Woodstock, in his boyhood a pupil of Mrs. Chamberlin, and now librarian of the Free Public Library of Newark, N. J., has compiled it. To both of them the Commissioners here express their thanks. March M. Wilson, Chairman, Board of Library Commissioners. Randolph, Vt., July, 1911 The Broken Bridge : the Emblem of the Library. The following letter explains the Pomfret Library Emblem, the Broken Bridge : Mrs. F. S. Mackenzie, Woodstock, Vermont. Dear Mrs. Mackenzie : You say in your recent note that you wish to present to the Pomfret Library a sign, seal or emblem something which may be used as its mark. You say you do not wish a book plate though you think the " mark " may be used on book plates. You add that if the right thing is found you wish to pay the cost of the drawing, the cut and the printing. Well, here it is, drawn by a friend of mine who knows how to use a pen. I hope it is what you wish. I found it in this way. After long and vain searching for a sugges- tion for an original library symbol or trade-mark, I turned at last to the history of the old English town of Pomfret, after which all American Pomfrets are named. I found that the word is often spelled " Ponte- fract " in England, though pronounced " Pomfret ". A reason given for this curious spelling is this : In the days when the Romans were in Britain, a stone bridge was built over the stream which runs through the present Pomfret. The bridge in time was broken down ; and the hamlet which was near it gradually came to be called " Broken- bridge ", in Latin, " Pons fractus ". This Latin phrase was gradually changed to Pontefract. This came at length to be shortened to Pomfret in pronunciation ; and finally came to be spelled as pronounced. I suggest that in using this symbol, for a time at least, perhaps until its history and significance come to be generally understood in Pomfret, it be printed with a brief explanatory note below it, and above it the words, " The Public Library completes the Bridge on the old Highway of Public Education." Sincerely yours, J. C. DANA. Free Public Library Newark, N. J. Mis. Abba Doton Chamberlin, Librarian The Pomfret Library The Library Building The character of the building is set forth quite fully by the two floor plans and the exterior view. It was given to the town by Judge Ira A. Abbott as a memorial to his parents, in March, 1 903, The gift was turned over to the trustees at a meeting held at the library August 12, 1905. On the same day the Farmer's Club of Pomfret arranged for the observation of Old Home Day. Between four and five hundred people gathered at the library at that time. The usual ceremonies were observed. Judge Abbott, who is now Justice of the Supreme Court of New Mexico and has his home in Albuquerque in that state, spoke of his gift and the purposes he had in mind in making this memorial to his parents. He said in part, " My real purpose, therefore, looks forward and not back, and asks ' How can this building be made most useful to those for whose benefit it is intended ? ' I will tell you briefly my hopes for it. Its first and most obvious use is one which formerly would not have been highly regarded in a town such as this was. But there can be no doubt that merely because the building and grounds will be attractive and pleasing to everyone who passes this way, they will be of value not only to the town but to all this region. Every resident of the town will, I trust, feel a certain satisfaction and pride in being a part owner of them, and be led to question whether he cannot, in some way suggested by what he sees here in and about the building, make his own home more attractive for his family and so for himself. Then, too, the existence of a good library here should serve to strengthen the attachment of young and old in the town. It should help to keep the young people from leaving and attract those who have gone away, but 10 THE POMFRET LIBRARY The Abbott Memorial Library. Main floor. POMFRET VERMONT // would like to pass the evening of life where its morning was spent. There will soon be, I believe, a respectable collection here of objects interesting from their connection with the past of the town, and that canot fail to be of interest to you all. Among them should be portraits of those who were the strong ones in their times. I hope, too, that here will be inscribed the names of all Pomfret's soldiers. Thus far they have not been commemorated, by tablet or monument. It is fitting that the supreme proof of patriotism, which they gave in jeopardizing their lives in their country's service, should be thus recognized, not for their glory, but as an inspiration and incentive to the Pomfret boys of the future. Finally, and chiefly, this building will be useful, I trust, as a repository of books for the free use of the people of the town. It should be borne in mind, however, that there may be excess even in reading books not in themselves harmful, and that many books should be treated as deadly drugs and plainly marked ' Poison '. It will be the high duty, therefore, of the trustees to see that only suitable books are provided and to that I am confident they will carefully attend. In conclusion I wish to invoke the aid of those who have gone out from Pomfret as boys and met with a degree of success which will warrant them in doing something for those who have remained here, and so well maintained the standing of Pomfret as a fanner's town. I believe a better future is near at hand for the New England, farmer, that already those who till the fertile soil of this town are better rewarded for their toil than has been the case for many years. It is only fair that Pomfret boys who have in other fields of effort acquired perhaps more money, but very likely less content than those who remained here, should help to maintain this and other towns as nur- series of the stock which must, from time to time, be transplanted to the great centers of activity in our country to make good the tremendous loss at those points." 12 THE POMFRET LIBRARY The Library, Its Work and Its Methods By the Librarian Mooing Into the Library : Furniture When I moved into the library I divided the attic by curtains into a sitting room and bedroom. On the floor of the sitting room I spread a 1 3 by 16 1-2 ft. English velvet carpel that was bought by Otis Chamberiin in Boston about 1845, and was said then and is still said to be the best carpet that ever came into the town. On the other floor, an art square and smaller rugs do duty. Curtains covered with the stars and stripes hang at each window. The sleeping room contains two good three-quarter size enameled beds with brass trimmings, and all necessary appurtenances for comfortable sleep. The attic further contains a fine chiffonier, writing-desk, stands, sofa, easy chairs, etc. When my good friend Miss Frances Hobart is my guest, the rafters manage to hear us talking into the small hours, and sometimes even after the hours have begun to lengthen. The furnace room, where we always burn good clean Vermont wood, is divided into the " wood-pile " and the " kitchen." The kitchen contains small tables, the ironing-board ( the Library Commissioners always prefer to have their meals served on this board ), a cupboard filled with rare china, chairs, boxes, etc. A blue-flame oil stove manages to do all necessary duty in that line, so long as a well-filled 5 gallon tank stands in the corner. An outside door from the entry leads directly to the lawn on the west side of the building. Hours when the building is open The building is open each week day at all reasonable hours, just as is every farmhouse. On Sundays it is open from 2 to 6 p. m. POMFRET VERMONT 13 The Abbott Memorial Library. Basement 14_ THE POMFRET LIBRARY All books except a few rare volumes that are now out of print are lent to any one who wishes them, whether a resident of Pomfret or of some other town. Records are carefully kept, but no fines are taken for overdue books. We put our patrons on their honor, and they are loyal to us. Friends of the Library Ever since the opening of the library building gifts of money and books have been received by friends of Pomfret and its library. The more notable gifts of books have come from the following persons : Judge Ira A. Abbott Dr. and Mrs. F. Thos. Kidder Miss Etta S. Adams Mrs. Isaac King Miss Alanette Bartlett Mr. and Mrs. Frank S. Mackenzie Col. and Mrs. Franklin S. Billings Mrs. Calista W. Merrill Mrs. Henry Boynton and daughter Mr. Melvin H. Miller Mrs. Oscar Burke Mr. Roderic M. Olzendam Miss Hattie L. Chandler Miss Annie F. Perry Mr. and Mrs. Nathan Gushing Mrs. Mary A. Tinkham Mr. John Cotton Dana Dr. Henry H. Vail Mrs. Jennie Hewitt French The American Unitarian Associa- Mrs. S. A. Goldschmidt tion Mrs. Mary A. Grosvenor The Board of Library Commission- Mrs. Geo. W. Harding ers of Vermont Gen. R. C. Hawkins The Pomfret Y. P. S. C. E. Miss Bertha E. Hewitt and others < Gifts of money have come from the following : Judge Ira A. Abbott Mrs. Frank S. Mackenzie Mr. Redfield Proctor Mr. Henry Brockway Judge Duane J. Carnes Dr. George B. Carnes Mrs. Abba D. Chamberlin POMFRET VERMONT 75 The Resources of the Library The library has now about 4000 volumes. Of these about 600 are books for children. It has also a collection of portraits of citizens of Pomfret including : Samuel Bailey Harvey Melendy John Brockway Crosby Miller Harvey N. Bruce Albro Perkins Alonzo Chamberlin Norman Perkins and wife David Chandler Dr. Kimball Russ Daniel DeWolf Nathan Snow and wife Hosea Doton Martin Tribou and wife Lewis Hawkins Hannibal Totman William Hutchinson Joshua Vail Edwin Jackman Horace Ware Henry Maxham Thomas Ware Judson Maxham Washington White Conditions in 1906 , Our library was first opened to the public, Jan. 1 , 1 906, and was kept open on Saturdays only for 1 6 months thereafter. On May 1, 1907, I became, at Judge Abbott's request, librarian. Since then the library has always been open, for I live in the building. I know everybody, old and young in the town and so need no system of registering borrowers. Books are lent to all who ask for them and charged on slips in the simplest possible way. When I moved in we had about a thousand books on the shelves ; part of these belonged to the public library started in town some years ago, and the others had been given by old-time Pomfret boys who come back to Vermont for the summer. The books were classified, but incorrectly, and this work had to be done again. For furniture we had two tables that came from the Library Bureau in Boston ; an old desk that a good friend had found somewhere, and a dozen cane-seated chairs. 76 THE POMFRET LIBRARY Making the Library Home-like It struck me that the first thing to do was to try to make the rooms look a little more social. I had a mahogany parlor set of furniture ; a good musical instrument in a rosewood case ; an old mahogany dining table ; some dainty stands and various other things. These I moved in. City people coming in would say, " I'll give you $1 00 for that table ! " But the reply always was, " It answers very well where it is for the present." Portraits of Pomfret Worthies When Judge Abbott gave us the building, he said he would like to have portraits of old-time residents of the town hanging on the walls, and mentioned six or eight. Among those he mentioned were my father and my husband's father. Not long after this I sent to a New York artist, John N. Marble, and asked him to make two crayons exactly alike in size, workmanship and material used. This artist, besides much other good work known to me, had made a painting of Phillips Brooks for the Groton School in Massachusetts, and a crayon portrait of Mrs. Frederick Billings for the Moody School at Northfield. In due time my portraits came and were placed on the walls. Not long after one of our trustees, Henry Brockway, came in bringing a portrait of his father ; soon another trustee followed his example, and now we have portraits of twenty-eight former residents. In the meantime .1 found three old letters written by my great, great grandfather. The first was dated "Albany, June the 16, 1726"; then followed " Half Moone, June ye 25, 1 756" and "Camp Fort Edward, August ye 31, 1756." I had these framed between two plates of glass and placed on the walls. Then I found an old program of a Fourth of July celebration and a friend gave me one of an Antiquarian Supper. These were written in the quaintest language and gave any amount of advice to the young people as to their behavior ; what they might do and what they must not do. These were also framed and placed on the walls. About this rime one of the Pomfret boys, Judge Duane J. Carnes The School at Pomfret Center. Branch No. 1 of the Public Library. POMFRET VERMONT /7 of Sycamore, Illinois, came home, and while looking at one picture and then another, suddenly stopped, and said, "Your walls are full, but we must have more pictures of the old people, and if you will think how to make a substantial album, I will pay for it." He wanted one to hold 1 00 or more pictures. I thought it over and enlisted two friends to think with me, and the album was finally pro- duced. It has six leaves, each being 29 inches long and 1 3 inches wide. Each leaf consists of an eighth of an inch board, stained black and placed between two plates of glass ; the whole being framed with mahogany like a school slate. This frame is left sufficiently open at the top to admit of drawing out the stained board. On this board are tacked the pictures. The leaves are each fastened to a mahogany back in such a way that they turn like the leaves of a book, and this board is fastened upright to the wall in the reading room, between windows, so that both sides of all the leaves are well lighted as they are turned. Each photograph put in is numbered, and in a book that goes with the album you will find on the page numbered to correspond to the number on the picture, a sketch of the person. Visitors usually look at the portraits first ; then open the album for further information. This album was given to us by Miss Bertha E. Hewitt of Milton Hill, Mass., and was made by Hooper, Lewis & Co. of Boston, to match a "Visitors' Register ", the gift of Mr. Frank S. Mackenzie of Woodstock, that this firm had made by his request for us, a short time before. I obtained pictures of all the libraries I could and mounted them on card-board ; Vermont libraries by themselves ; New Hampshire ones by themselves ; Massachusetts ones by themselves, and so on. Visitors coming in from different states would say, " I wonder if you have our library. If you have not, I will send it." In this way we are getting quite a large collection. Historical Relics If you are to have relics in your library, you must make a beginning ; so I talked with an old aunt who had passed her 85th milestone, and asked her if she didn't think it would be a satisfaction to her to give 18 THE POMFRET LIBRARY .4 us some of her heirlooms. She concluded it would, and let me have her grandmother's tea-set, that was brought into town in 1 786 ; also a candle-stick and snuffers, a rocking chair, and several other things that came at the same time. These made the beginning. Our town was settled in 1 770 and in I 773 a tavern was built. We have that tavern's sign and the old tin chandelier that hung in its bar room. In I 784 another tavern was built, and we have its sign also. In September, 1 774, Rev. Aaron Hutchinson, who graduated from Yale in 1 747, was engaged to preach in Woodstock, Pomfret and Hartford for the period of five years. We have the table on which he wrote his sermons and also his wife's foot stove and needle case. There now lies on his table a 1 795 Edinburgh Bible that belonged to another old townsman, Dr. Newton. One of our early day schoolmasters, Marcus Peake, used to go on crutches and when the youngsters didn't conduct themselves to suit him, a crutch was fired at them. We have those crutches in the relic room. There are many stories that the sight of them brings up ; and some of the old-time boys who come back here summers can remem- ber just how he used to circulate about, and delight to take him off, much to the amusement of those who witness the performance. We have an old flaxbrake, made by Judge Abbott's father, with the swingle-knife, hatchel, cards, wheel and other implements that follow in its train. An old spinning-jenny bought in Boston in 1812, attracts consid- erable attention. This was an improvement on the wheel ; of which we have a number, together with white wool rolls, swifts, reels, an old loom all ready for use, and various other things along that line. Old barrels made in 1 800 are not denied a place with us, and can- dlesticks, candle moulds, lamps, and lanterns made about the same time adorn one of our tables. Jack-knives and tongs that came into town in 1 770 must not be omitted, together with a revolutionary gun, and also a British bayonet that was plowed up on the Harvey Bruce farm. A primitive copying press is something not seen every day. One thing came to us that I couldn't name. A gentleman from Providence was visiting the library one day, and I said, " For what POMFRET VERMONT 79 was this iron used ? " "Why ", he replied, " They ran it into the live coals in the fire-place till it was hot and then stirred their flip with it." We have the saddle-bags and the medicines in them, left by a good old worthy, Stephen Raymond, who was always called in to alleviate the ills of all the cattle and horses in Pomfret and neighboring towns. Another set of saddle-bags that belonged to a graduate physician, Dr. Kimball Russ, who settled with us some 85 years ago, is also ours ; but unfortunately lack any traces of the syrups and powders that used to be dealt out to our grandparents in the good old days. People like to see a cane that belonged to some dear old friend, also his pitchfork; the boots he wore, and his wife's chum, and camlet cloak. A fine old secretary, made for Hosea Doton nearly 1 00 years ago, furnishes a convenient place to keep home-made linen sheets, work bags, samplers, thimbles, silk shawls, stockings, daguerreotypes, snuff- boxes, coffin-plates, and rare books, newspapers and pamphlets. I saw recently an article in one of our papers about Truman Henry Safford, the young Vermont mathematician. We have his picture and his almanacs published in 1846 and 1847. I can remember how, when he was about nine years old, he came to our home with his father, to have my father teach him how to calculate eclipses of the sun and moon. Harvard University afterward took the lad and educated him. Later he was a Professor in Williams College and died not many years ago. These relics are all numbered and sketches of them are written out in a book, also made by Hooper, Lewis & Co. of Boston, to match the other two books. This book is the gift of Miss Harriet L. Chandler of Boston. Library Books in Schools When I first went into the library, I called on the school superin- tendent and directors and asked if they were willing I should make out sets of juvenile books for the children and put them in the school- rooms. They were, and I made as many sets as we had schools. At the end of the term the books came back to the library and at the beginning of the next term were sent out again. In this way each set 20 THE POMFRET LIBRARY made the circuit of the town. The parents of the children became interested in these juvenile books, and then the town offered money to buy new sets. It occurred to me it would be much pleasanter if the children could have a little book plate all their own. So we had one made ; and then we thought it would be a good idea to have each book contain a little letter to the children, supposed to be written by the book. These are fastened in opposite the book plate and make the first fly leaf. Letter to Pomfret Children Pomfret, Vermont, January 1, 1909 My Dear Boys and Girls : I am only a small book, but I am your true friend, and wish to make you happy, and you will cer- tainly be made more happy, if I keep clean and good- looking until I am worn out, than you will be to have me get soiled and ragged ; so will you please help me a little in this, by never taking me up with dirty hands ; never giving me to the baby to play with ; never making marks on me with pen or pencil ; never turning down my leaves ; never leaning on me with your elbows ; never letting me fall on the floor ; never leaving me out in the rain ; never putting pencils or knives or anything thicker than a sheet of paper between my leaves, and never throwing me at the cat or the dog or anything else. If you will help me in these ways, I think I can keep strong and useful until you are grown to be men and women. Your loving friend, A LIBRARY BOOK The letter is serving well the purpose for which it was written. In the same month of May I sent the following letter to the two weekly papers of Woodstock, a town next to Pomfret. The North Pomfret School. Branch No. 4 of the Public Library. POMFRET VERMONT 27 To Pomfret's School Children : A letter to the small folks attending the Pomfret district schools, who will soon be the big folks and run the business of the town. Abbott Memorial Library, Pomfret, Vt. May, 1907. My dear young friends : I am going to write you a very confidential letter. As it is just between ourselves we don't need to say anything about it to anyone. Well, your superintendent, Miss Persis Hewitt, and other directors have arranged to have you visit the library sometime this term. I am very glad to know this, and as is natural couldn't help expressing my gladness. So as I was putting some books away on the shelves, I said, " Now books, do you know you are going to have company ? A fine group of bright, happy children are coming to see you." All at once, if you will believe me, there seemed to be a sort of rustling on the shelves, and soon a little squeaky voice way up on the top shelf piped out, "Oh ! I'm so glad, I'm so glad ! " "We've been shut up here more than a year, with only grown people coming to see us one day in a week." "I am so glad the children are coming ! " "Yes," said a voice from another shelf, " I want to see the little boy from way over the hill, who was very ill a few months ago, and had a trained nurse to care for him, who wore a white apron and cap, and this little boy fell very much in love with the good nurse and has written her many letters since she went away, which she has kindly answered. / want to see him. " "Well, you may see him," said another voice, " but I want to see the little girl who bubbled over when she was told about the old professor, who in his summer outings went without his hat so much that he blis- tered the top of his bald head. / want to see her. " "And I want to see," said another voice, " the little girl who is named after a famous woman. Now this girl gets up in the morning, when her mother is ill, and cooks the breakfast and serves it. I'll whisper something in her ear if she gives me a chance." "Well, you may whisper in the girls* ears if you wish to, for all me," said a sort of bass voice, " but I want to see two boys who telephone back and forth to each other so much. One of them milks three and four cows every night, and waters all the horses and brings in all the wood and does lots of running on errands, and the other one makes himself useful in many ways and is a manly little fellow to meet. I want to see those boys." 22 THE POMFRET LIBRARY 1 The boy that breaks so many small steers and makes them as steady as old oxen, and milks a barnful of cows every night and morning, is the boy for me," said Mr. Tenor Voice over in the corner. And so the conversation went on and the excitement increased rather than lessened, and I hardly think one of them got a wink of sleep till after midnight. I was surprised that Little Mother Goose over on the reading table didn't have to put in a word, but for a wonder she kept still this time. Now Little Mother Goose was the first book my father bought me, and before I knew a letter of the alphabet, I could repeat all her rhymes from cover to cover. I think I could say the most of them now if you would start me off with the first line ; but Mother Goose wasn't the only book I was allowed to enjoy, for my father never had a book on his library shelves that I was not permitted to take and look at as long as I pleased, provided my hands were clean and I turned the leaves carefully, and I am going to give you the same privilege when you come here. And if I know the day you are coming, I'm going to honor the occasion by wearing a knot of red, white and blue ribbon fastened with a pin bearing the picture of the one who wrote "The Man Without a Country," and I'll show you a souvenir copy of this book, printed when the person was eighty years old. Ask your teacher where this person is now, and why the book was written, and tell me when you come. Then we'll look at the picture of dear old Dr. Russ, who was born, I think, in 1 800. Your grandfathers and grandmothers never would have lived as long as they did had it not been for the kindly services rendered, unselfishly, by this good man. We seem to see him now riding with his long, slim legs crossed and started to wind again. His pet dog sits by his side and the veritable old saddle-bags are at his feet. He enters the sick room, looks at the patient's tongue, takes the pulse, sits back and meditates a little, prescribes castor oil mixed with West India molasses to cleanse the internal arrangements ; a plaster made of Burgundy pitch to brace the weak back and quieting Dover's powders to ease the restless nights. Dear old doctor ! Pomfret lost one of its best friends when he went home. But I must stop writing. Let me know when you are coming, and believe me, Lovingly yours, Abba Doton Chamberlin, Librarian. POMFRET VERMONT 23 Each School House a Branch Library After this, the thought came to me of sending books to each school- house in town for the grown people ; thus making each schoolhouse a branch library. I talked it over with the school directors and superin- tendent, and they were unanimously in favor of it, and suggested that the children of the town raise money to pay for boxes to hold these books. This the children did. The boxes are 2 7 inches long, 1 8 inches wide and 9 inches deep ; with strong covers, hinges, and hooks and cleats at the ends so they may be easily handled. Books to the number of 40 including the following subjects : religion, sociology, natural science, useful arts, fine arts, literature, biography, travels, history and fiction are placed in each box. These boxes make the circuit of the town in the same way as do the juvenile books. By a very simple arrangement the lending is so carried on that any one at any time can exactly locate each book. Every time these boxes, and the juvenile sets, come back to the library, each book is carefully looked over, and repaired if need be, and an account of loans taken. The number of loans made by each branch library during a term is published in our two local newspapers. Signs 1 8 inches long and 1 inches wide, with a half inch bead, have been made and placed on each schoolhouse. These are painted white, and the words on them, " Branch 1 , Public Library ", " Branch 2, Public Library " etc., in black letters, show off to good advantage. The same branch library number is placed on each schoolhouse as was given to it when they were numbered as " district schools " nearly a century ago. The Roll of Honor Following in the train of the juvenile books, and the boxes, came another thought which was brought before the school directors and superintendent, and the result was that we had two frames made, each 5 1 -2 feet in length and one foot in width. These are covered with dark green cambric and are kept in the library. On one of these is fastened one of the large circulars headed, " The Good Citizen Says ", and below this circular are placed the names of Pomfret boys and 24 THE POMFRET LIBRARY girls who have memorized and recited the same. One term alone gave us 49 names. On the other is kept a Roll of Honor, of pupils who have distinguished themselves as indicated below. In making up this honor list ten points are considered : Ten Points for a Roll of Honor 1 . The care of books furnished by the town. 2. The care of library books. 3. The care of school property generally. 4. Cleanness of speech. 5. Kindness to every living thing. 6. Habits of order and neatness. 7. Politeness. 8. Truthfulness. 9. Cheerful obedience and 1 0. Other social virtues one must have if he is to become a desirable citizen. The superintendent wished me to go to each school and talk to the pupils about the Roll of Honor. I did so, explaining to them what I meant by "Cleanness of speech ", " Habits of order and neatness ", and so on through the list, and then had printed copies made of the points to be considered. One of these is hung in each school room and each pupil now has one for a bookmark. One teacher told me that before the book marks were given, her pupils were so anxious to have their names enrolled that all who could write had made a copy for themselves. The fall term of 1910, showed an enrolment of 82 pupils in all the schools. The names of 5 1 of these were sent in by the teachers to go on the " Roll of Honor." In the winter term of 1910-11 these figures were 73 and 63. Out of town visitors are so much interested in this " Roll of Honor " book mark, that they are asking for them to take to their own towns, with a hope of interesting their own people. Then another frame was made, 6 feet in length and 1 1 -2 feet in width. This is covered with dark green cambric and holds a large THB PUBLIC LIBRARY COMPUTE* HIGHWAY OF PUBLIC EDUCATION PONS FRACTV5 POMFRET VERMONT ABBOTT MEMORIAL UBRARY POMFRET VERMONT NO POMFRET PUBUC SCHOOL UBRARY POMFRET. VERMONT PONS FRACTV5 MR*. LUCT C. MACKENZIE Reduced facsimiles of book plates used in the Pomfret Library. POMFRET VERMONT 25 All the World Knows These Old and Marvellous Things The Alhambra, a glorious Ruin Athens, the Eye of Greece The Bastile, that terrible Prison Carthage, which " must be destroyed " China's Great Wall The Coliseum where gladiators fought The Colossus of Rhodes Doubting Castle and Giant Despair Holland's Dykes which hold back the Sea Edinburgh Castle and Robert the Bruce The Sacred River Ganges The Great Charter of our Liberties The Pantheon of Rome The Parthenon, a Perfect Temple Egypt's Pyramids, Tombs of Great Kings Mecca, the Holy City The Fountain of Perpetual Youth Incas and their Land of Gold Babylon, the City of a Hundred Gates Rome, the City of the Seven Hills The Sphinx and its Riddle The Invincible Spanish Armada Taj Mahal, the Gem of India Venice, the City of the Sea Vesuvius and her Buried Cities The Tower of London Westminster Abbey, England's Pantheon Stories, Poems and Histories about all of these things, and Pictures also, are in the Free Public Library of Newark, N. J. Pomfret's bright boys and girls will look up any of these subjects that they do not already know about. Abba Doton Chamberlin, Librarian We have had hundreds of these book marks made to distribute to our towns- people, teachers and pupils. High School teachers, in the state and out, are sending for them, to get subjects for composition writing. 26 THE POMFRET LIBRARY circular sent out by the Newark Library, headed " All the World Knows These Old and Marvellous Things", with a list of thirty subjects following. We have had several hundred copies made of this as book marks and are distributing them to our pupils and scattering them broadcast. A large table holds samples of work done by each school in town. Each teacher sending them at the close of the term, to remain till the close of the next term, when they are exchanged for later work. After this I again visited each school and exhibited and explained a set of pictures taken from celebrated paintings by the old masters. These had been lent us for a few weeks from the Newark Library. Distributing the School Libraries The library is situated in the southwest part of the town at the junction of the stage routes, one leading to West Hartford, the other running from Woodstock to Bethel. Four of the branch libraries are on the West Hartford route, and our highly esteemed stage driver, Chauncey Perry, who has had the route for 40 years, carries the juvenile books to those libraries, free of charge. For the transportation of the boxes he is paid a small sum. The other branch library is across the hills, some two miles distant, and the people in that neighborhood attend to the conveying of the books. It is not an uncommon thing for a boy 1 2 or fourteen years of age who lives 6 or 8 miles away, to drive here and take out 25 or 30 books to read by himself in his leisure hours at home. 100 of the Best Novels We have had made a bookcase that is 6 feet high and 20 inches wide, with shelves 6 inches deep, and have placed it in the waiting room. This is for the n 1 00 of the best novels ", after the list made out by the Newark Library, and is attracting considerable attention. Patrons would like to have it said that they had read these 1 00 books, and after reading them the tendency will be to lessen their love for fiction of a lower standard. Kindness to Animals One of our trustees, Mrs. Frank S. Mackenzie, is so much interested in "kindness to every living thing", that she offered, in 1909, to give POMFRET VERMONT 27 The Public Library completes the bridge along the old highway of Public Education POMFRET. VERMONT o The Public Library completes the bridge along the old highway of public education PONS FRACTV5 Pomf ret Vermont was settled from Pomfret Connecticut and this from Pomfret England. Pomfret England took its name from a broken bridge built over a stream at that place more than fifteen hundred years ago ROLL OF HONOR. The names of Pomfret school children on the Roll of Honor at the library are read by hundreds of visitors from all parts of the United States. These boys and girls are distin- guished for their : 1 Care of books furnished by the Town. 2 Care of Library books. 3 Care of the school property generally. 4 Cleanness of speech. 5 Kindness to every living thing 6 Habits of order and neatness. 7 Politeness. 8 Truthfulness. 9 Cheerful obedience, and 10 Various other individual vir- tues that are necessary in order to be good and desirable citizens. Pomfret Vermont was Settled from Pom- fret Connecticut and this from Pomfret England. Pomfret England took its Name from a Broken Bridge at that Place Built More than Fifteen Hundred Years Ago The Pomfret Public Library was established in 1 896. The Abbott Memorial Building was given to the town by Judge Ira A. Abbott, August 12, 1905. The two work as a unit in serving the public. A branch library containing 52 books has been established in every schoolhouse in town. These books are changed each term. Each teacher in town is a branch librarian. A Business Men's Branch has been opened at the Center, con- taining 300 books, with Mr. Wm. A. Perkins as librarian. Another branch has been opened at Hewittville with 200 books. No fines are taken for overdue books. 28 THE POMFRET LIBRARY to each school in town if the boys in school would make a bookcase for it a little library of humane literature, and also to send to that school for a year, a copy of "Our Dumb Animals." This was accomplished and the books were sent from time to time to each school. "I will try to be kind to all living creatures and protect them from cruel usage." This simple pledge has been signed probably by more people in the last twenty-eight years than ever signed a single pledge in any period of that length since the world began. It is even more probable that no other pledge has been kept faithfully by so many who took it as has this one. Animals differ very little from children in showing the good or bad effects of their treatment ; and, if one wishes to gain a fairly accurate HE BROKEN BRIDGE: PONFRA.TUS: PONTEFRAGT' POMFRET -si POMFRET. VERMONT rs insight into people's characters, let him watch the animals under their care, which will become silent witnesses for or against them, whose testimony no bribe can affect or threat intimidate. A Kindness to Animals Blotter. One of a set of six, supplied by Mrs. F. S. Mackenzie, and distributed by the Library. Last year, 1 9 1 0, in five of the schools of the town, having altogether 68 pupils with an average attendance of about 58, pupils took home and read 343 volumes. These little libraries consist of 1 2 volumes each, besides some six " Kindness to Animals " books, and books read from them were in addition to those read from the regular libraries of 52 volumes each. The returns for the winter term, 1910-1 1 , show the whole number of pupils enrolled in town to be 73. Average attendance 63. Whole number of loans from juvenile sets, and boxes of 52 volumes each, 646. The Barber School. Branch No. 6 of the Public Library. POMFRET VERMONT 29 <ITHE GOOD CITIZEN SAYS: I am a citizen of America and an heir to all her greatness and renown. The health and happiness of my own body depend upon each muscle and nerve and drop of blood doing its work in its place. So the health and happiness of my country depend upon each citizen doing his work in his place. CJ I will not fill any post or pursue any business where I can live upon my fellow- citizens without doing them useful service in return ; for I plainly see that this must bring suffering and want to some of them. 1J I will do nothing to desecrate the soil of America, or pollute her air or degrade her children, my brothers and sisters. tj I will try to make her cities beautiful, and her citizens healthy and happy, so that she may be a desired home for myself now, and for her children in days to come. The Free Public Library of Newark, N. J. 1910 We have had a thousand of these printed, and are having calls for them from the state of Washington to New Mexico, and east to the Atlantic. Our teachers are having the pupils recite the whole in concert. Taken from an editorial in an English weekly journal, and the word England changed to America. THE POMFRET LIBRARY Pictures for all Purposes Our collection of pictures on all sorts of subjects is growing rapidly. For help in clipping and mounting we have a fine card cutter, the gift of one of our trustees, Henry Brockway. Part of the work of the coming year will be to get this picture collection into running order. We shall send sets of mounted pictures to each branch library to be hung on the walls, the sets all to make the circuit of the town as the book boxes do. Then we hope to classify and mount poems and other desirable material, and have them ready to lend to teachers. Parties on the Library Grounds First and last we have had quite a number of parties on our library grounds. Three of them were in honor of life-long residents who had passed the 85th milestone. We should have had more of these parties; but the old, old people dropped off so fast that now only two are left, and they are too feeble to be with us. At these parties we had games that were popular 75 years ago, and songs, both spiritual and secular, that belonged to that period. In the matter of games we were quite select ; having some that no one was eligible to play who had not seen 65 summers ; others were open to those who could truthfully avow that their birth dated back 55 years. Our friends entered into these mirth-provoking sports with as much enthusiasm as our young people show today in their amusements. The Hosea Doton Tree We noted the centennial of one of our good men, Hosea Doton, by planting on the grounds, to his memory, an elm, that will henceforth bear his name. A goodly number of our townspeople were present. We had addresses, singing, and other exercises suitable for the day. Party for Judge A bbott When Judge Abbott came east in the summer of 1 909, from New Mexico, where he was sent as a judge by President Roosevelt, afterwards reappointed by President Taft, we had a merry-making in his honor, which called together a company representing many cities in our Union, as well as towns in our own state. The afternoon was ideal, and seemed especially made for the occasion. POMFRET VERMONT State Library Commission Meeting In September 1 908, the State Library Commission and the Ver- mont Library Association held a joint meeting on our lawn. State Superintendent of Schools Mason S. Stone, Principal Morrill of the Randolph Normal School, several school superintendents, together with clergymen, librarians, teachers, and an interested public, made a wide- awake audience which has not yet forgotten the event. The Grange and the Library In speaking of what a public library can do for a little community, and what a community can do for a library, let me say, if there is a Grange in your town, by all means join it. Work with it and for it, and the Grange will work for you. Our Grange is invaluable to us ; always loaning anything they have ; settees, chairs, dishes, the use of the hall ; men to care for the teams when we have a gathering, and women to help in any way that is needed. The Church and the Library There is no church at our end of the town ; but from time to time a Sunday afternoon service has been held in a hall in the second story of the schoolhouse. In the winter of 1909-10 there had been no Sunday service, so I asked a number of friends if they would like to come to the library on Sunday afternoons and sing the old standard hymns and tunes. I had recently read an article on old hymns and tunes and the writer mentioned some 25 that have become classics, and deeply regretted that the young people of today are growing up with no knowledge of them. We met, and our interest so increased that one of the number suggested that we raise money and hire a minister on our own respon- sibility, and have a service, at first in our library and later in Grange Hall once in two weeks, on Sunday afternoons, for a year. This has been done, and we are gathering a larger Sunday audience than the place has known for years. Grange Meeting Our Grange is made up of young men and young women who never have stood on their feet and addressed an audience. The lyceums THE POMFRET LIBRARY that so educated Daniel Webster and men of his time are things of the past ; but the literary feature of a Grange affords a fine chance for discipline in the line of debate. So when I was made the Lecturer I said, " Debates are what we need, and debates we will have." I had been reading that the man in charge of the Music Department in the Congressional Library at Washington, recently made the remark that Dixie is the most popular tune in the United States ; but soon found himself in a hornet's nest. The hornets arose as one man and said, " Let no one dare say that anything goes ahead of Yankee Doodle." So I said to the Grangers, we will begin our literary program the first night with n Dixie " ; the second with " Yankee Doodle " ; the third with "When Johnny comes marching home n ; the fourth with "Marching through Georgia " , etc. Women Debaters at Grange Meetings At the first meeting, only men were allowed to talk, and the women alone did the voting as to the comparative merits of the arguments advanced. At the second meeting the women only were allowed to talk, and the men did the voting. Since then everyone present is called on and nearly all respond. These debates are open to the public and the speakers are proving themselves an honor to the old town that raised them. County Fairs and Library Exhibits In September, 1 9 1 0, 1 sent a library exhibit to the Windsor county fair in Woodstock and there received an award for a "Meritorious Exhibit." The articles shown were traveling libraries for use in schools and rural districts, picture blotters, with directions for the humane care of animals ; book marks, bookplates, letters to children on the care of books, and various other library devices. Also, I had in charge an exhibit belonging to the state library commission. Making the Library Known From the Eighth Biennial Report of the Board of Library Com- missioners of Vermont, 1 909- 1 : " During the first year of its work the Publicity Committee received a gift of $ 1 to be awarded as a prize to the librarian presenting at the The Barber School, at work. POMFRET VERMONT 33 next annual meeting the best collection of library notes published in the local press. This prize was won by Miss Kate I. Stewart of the Bristol library. The following year the committee received the sum of THE BROKEN BRIDGE": PONS FRACTUS PONTEFRAGT' POMFRET r^i POMFPET. VERMONT fa PONS FRACTV5 BOOKS EVERY BOY AND GIRL SHOULD READ. Brandon. Pup : an Autobiography of a Greyhound Brown. Rab and his Friends Ollivant. Bob, son of Battle Ouida. A Dog of Flanders Phelps. Loveliness Saunders. Beautiful Joe Seton. Animal Heroes Sewell. Black Beauty Walton. A Hermit's Wild Friends WHAT SCHOOL BOY HAS NOT READ THESE BOOKS? Blackmore. Lorna Doone Brooks. True story of Abraham Lincoln Crowninshield. All Among the Lighthouses French. Lance of Kanana Hugo. Story of Jean Valjean Sewell. Black Beauty Warner. Being a boy WHAT SCHOOL GIRL HAS NOT READ THESE BOOKS ? Bunyan. Pilgrim's Progress Burt. Poems every child should know Dickens. Cricket on the hearth Hawthorne. Wonderbook Keller. Story of my life Spyri. Heidi Wyss. Swiss Family Robinson We have these book marks printed by the hundreds, and give them to all our boys and girls, townspeople, and out of town visitors to the library. 34 THE POMFRET LIBRARY $ 1 5 to be awarded in two prizes of $ 1 and $5 each. The first prize was won by Mrs. Abba D. Chamberlin of Pomfret and the second by Miss Kate I. Stewart." Pomfret had 52 "Abbott Library Notes." The following appeared in one of the Woodstock papers, Jan. 26, 1911. It is a good illustration of the kind of news notes sent out by the library from time to time. It also indicates the wide range of interests that are touched upon and responded to in the Pomfret of to-day. ABBOTT LIBRARY NOTES The month of February seems especially rich in first-class entertain- ments for the Pomfret people. For February 3, Superintendent In galls has planned an all-day rally at the town hall for the school children, teachers, parents, and every one interested. Each one is supposed to bring a basket lunch. The morning will be devoted to recitations, etc., by the different schools, also an exhibit of their work along various lines. The afternoon will be given up to discussions by the grown people on educational topics. In the evening conies Professor Cady's lecture on Shakespeare's clowns, to which the school children are given free tickets. Grange hall on February 9, Rev. H. L. Canfield is engaged to give his lecture, " Some plays and players I have known." Listening to this wide-awake, delightful recital, is next to being able to attend these wonderful plays. We ought to have a full house. Admission 1 cents. February 1 7 brings us Professor Burrage of Middlebury college, whose subject is " The Agamemnon of Aeschylus " ( 111. ) and on February 1 8 the celebrated Kellogg-Haines Singing Party comes to Woodstock. Abba D. Chamberlin, Librarian January 26 'II The following notes, also taken from local newspapers, were sent in by me: When Moses Shipman gives his services to the town he gives POMFRET VERMONT 35 generously. His fine path to the library, nine feet wide, with walls four feet high on either side, shows what a snow shovel in his hands can be made to do, and is receiving much well-deserved commendation. Messrs. Childs and White, with the snow roller and four-in-hand, are making the roads around here regular boulevards. Vermont snow storms can make little headway with this sort of men at the helm. The photographer, W. H. Swan of Rutland, has received from Hattie L. Chandler an order for a portrait of her father, the late David Chandler, to be given in due time to the library." March 7, 1 908. Post cards, containing outside and inside views of the building, are now here and for sale. March 1 6, 1 908. Sunday, May 1 7, Mrs. Samuel Paul will be " 84 years young ", and Saturday, May 23, Smith Hodges will have reached the same mile- stone. Now these young friends, together with everybody else, old and young, in Pomfret and elsewhere, are cordially invited to meet at GOLDEN RULES FOR THE HORSE Always speak to a horse as you would to a gentleman. He who is not actively kind, is cruel The man who is cruel to animals is himself a brute Cruelty accomplishes nothing Kindness is wisdom; who but a fool delights in cruelty The wise man knows that cruelty only makes matters worse Be kind to the horse, remember that he is a dumb animal Don't expect the understanding of a man Don't think him ugly or contrary or you will make him so THE, ABBOTT MEMORIAL' *^ LI6RARY '^ #;; PONTETRAGT' POMFRET POMFRET. VERMONT ^. Don't punish him for every wrong he does, try to put yourself in his place Follow the Golden Rule and treat your horse as you would wish him to treat you if conditions were reversed A Kindness to Animals Blotter. One of a set of six, supplied by Mrs. F. S. Mackenzie, and distributed by the Library. THE POMFRET LIBRARY the library Wednesday afternoon, May 20, between the hours of one and five o'clock and enjoy a good old-time, all-round handshake and visit. If stormy, come the first pleasant day. We are indebted to Mrs. Henry Boynton for 1 6 bound volumes of the "Atlantic Monthly ", and five bound volumes of " The Westminster Review ", and to Miss Earlie Chase for " The Christian Science Journal" and "Christian Science Sentinel", and to Mrs. George Thompson for copies of "The Congregationalist", and to Mrs. R. M. Russell for "The Wayside Pulpit", and Andrew Harding has been improving the appearance outside by " Lending a Hand " on the lawn. May 14,1908. The flower beds are gladdened by bulbs from A. B. Jaquith. May 28, 1908. The flower beds are again made glad by bulbs from A. B. Jaquith. We have also received bulbs from Mrs. R. N. Bumham ; and " Lilies of the Valley " from Mrs. Andrew Harding and Mrs. Samuel Paul ; and potted vines from Mrs. Chas. Reed. May 30, 1 908. Hon. Elton A. Smith generously gave us a revolutionary gun that once belonged to Joel Perkins, one of our early settlers, and Moses Shipman has supplemented this gift with a priming brush and flint. We trust that other guns that have seen service, either in the revolutionary or civil war, will be loaned or given to keep it company. November 28, 1908. Moses Shipman is again wielding the snow shovel, and we have paths as broad as those are supposed to be that lead up to the pearly gates. December 2 6, 1908. When our out-of-town friends as well as our townspeople, drive up to the library, securely fasten and blanket the horse, come in and lay- ing aside their wraps take from one and a half to two hours in looking over the books, we are surely led to feel that the library has a mission. Our long talked of album to hold the photographs of our ancestors and present townsmen, the expense of which is met by Judge Carnes of Sycamore, 111., is in process of construction, Mr. Fisher of Wood- stock doing the work. The wood used will be black cherry, given by POMFRET VERMONT 37_ our friend Ned W. Maxham. Each leaf will hold 16 pictures of cabinet size. January 4, 1 909. All available room on our walls for large pictures is already taken, and the album now comes to the rescue. It is constructed in such a way that it can be enlarged indefinitely, and all past, present and future generations of Pomfret people can be received within its embrace. February 18, 1909. From Mr. and Mrs. William H. Billings we have received valuable relics that belonged to the late William Billings, who drove the stage from Woodstock to Bethel for 32 years; some of his "way bills" dating back to 1847. A few days ago a 1 4 year old lad from a remote part of the town drove over here and selected and carried home 30 books to keep himself in reading through the bad spring travelling. This boy does a great deal of farm work aside from his reading, and is of the pattern that Pomfret used to raise. We are thankful that the old stock is not running out. It pays to build libraries for boys of this type. March 1 3, 1 909. We had been wishing for a long, long time that some one would give us a good old snuffbox for the relic room and finally it came, and now Mrs. Samuel Paul has given us another. This one belonged to her husband's mother, Mrs. Mary Thompson Paul, and is very, very old. These snuffboxes, coming to us from the far away past, still retain the fragrance of years gone by, and in imagination we feel refreshed as did their worthy owners in the good old times. August 13, 1909. Several ladies from New York and Massachusetts, who were stopping at the Woodstock Inn, took pains to examine every book in the box, at the County Fair exhibit, and were so much interested in them that they came up in a few days to give the library a good looking over, and a day or two later sent relatives for the same purpose. " Such a high standard of books, clear back here in the country ! " Well, we like to surprise people in such ways. October 20, 1 909. Edward Everett Hale in his " Tarry at Home Travels ", page 94, said, "Then, alas! Satan came walking up and down. And he 38_ THE POMFRET LIBRARY devised methods of making paper from wood pulp. . . Well, Satan came walking up and down our highway and devised methods of having innumerable Mr. and Mrs. Wasps build mud homes in the library attic, all over the roof, even to the top. A friend stepped into the library one morning and said, " What are you going to do today ? " B Thwart the works of Satan ! " was the reply. " How are you going to do it ? " " I'm going to carry a step ladder into the attic, together with Uncle Lemuel Murdock's old pitchfork, and Uncle Joel Perkins* old Revo- lutionary bayonet, and a rake handle that Frank Gillingharn gave me to go with my outside window brush." " What are you going to do then ? " " Tie the bayonet to the rake handle, climb the step ladder and rap down the highest nests. Get the others down with the pitchfork." And it was done. November 5, 1909. In the near future there is to be established in Mr. Wm. A. Perkins' store, at Pomfret Center, a " Business Men's Branch " of this library, with Mr. Perkins as librarian. A bookcase is being made for the purpose, to hold 1 00 books. The new agricultural books, which the trustees are about to pur- chase, will be placed there, also a set of encyclopedias, some good biography, history, travels, up to date novels, etc. Mr. Perkins will from time to time bring back some of these books and exchange them for others which his patrons may be wishing to read. We predict for this branch of the work much success. March 18 1911 Branch Libraries As published in the newspaper note above, a Branch Library has been established at the Center, in Mr. Wm. A. Perkins* store, with a special bookcase and 300 volumes. The books are changed from time to time. Mr. Perkins acts as librarian. Everybody borrows books who wishes to. POMFRET VERMONT 39 In Hewittville there is also a Branch Library, open at all times to all comers, and containing about 200 volumes. The location of the Main Library, the two Branches, and the six Schoolhouse Branches should be noted in the sketch map of the town printed on another page. Foreign Visitors Within the last four years, over 1 200 out-of-town visitors have regis- tered at the library ; coming from all parts of the United States, as well as Canada and Europe ! The Librarian at Large I have " talked or read or taught " at library meetings at Burlington, Middlebury, St. Johnsbury, Lyndonville, Vershire, Proctorsville and Bellows Falls. The Summing Up What this library has done within the last four years, any library in the state can do. The only things necessary are common-sense, enthusiasm, and willingness to work' 40 THE POMFRET LIBRARY Letter from Judge Abbott, who gave to Pomfret the Library Building. Supreme Court of New Mexico Albuquerque, N. M., May 26, 1910 Dear Mr. Dana : I have read your letter of May 1 4th relating to the work of Mrs. Chamberlin as librarian of the library at South Pomfret, Vermont, with much interest and pleasure. I know very little about the details of public library work and am therefore especially glad to have your assurance that Mrs. Chamberlin's administration is so highly successful as you say it is. I have had misgivings as to the wisdom of my course in giving a library building to a town so small as Pomfret, especially as the topography of the region made it impossible so to locate the library that it could be conveniently reached from all parts of the town ; but Mrs. Chamberlin has apparently solved the problem through an adaptation of Mahomet's compromise with the Mountain ! The plan you suggest for issuing a pamphlet descriptive of the library's work has my cordial approval. It is very fortunate that the library has found such friends as yourself and Mrs. Mackenzie, through whom its sphere of usefulness will, I hope, be so greatly extended. Sbce there are comparatively so few people living in the vicinity to profit directly by the library, it is the more fortunate that Mrs. Chamberlin has there shown a spirit and set in operation methods which will, I trust, indirectly benefit my native state entire ; and whose light may even shine beyond its borders, if I may credit the kind assurance of yourself and others on the subject. If that happens, I shall feel abundantly repaid for what I have done in establishing the library. Yours truly, IRA A. ABBOTT. Judge Ira A. Abbott. POMFRET VERMONT Historical Sketch of Pomfret By Walter E. Perkins Geographically, Pomfret is equidistant from Boston, Mass., and Montreal, P. Q. It occupies a position in the second tier of towns from the Connecticut River, in the central portion of Windsor County. An Act of the Legislature in 1 807, annexed to Sharon that portion of the town lying north of the White River, and an Act in 1 880, annexed to Woodstock that portion lying south of Ottaquechee River. Geologists affirm that in the preglacial period, the surface was com- paratively level, but while under the ice sheet and during the process of erosion, the conformation was so greatly changed, that it now lies in an altitude ranging from four hundred to two thousand feet above sea level. The general rock formation is blue limestone, but the higher altitudes show an outcropping of granite, which in places bears a glacial marking. The early settlers found the surface covered with a heavy forest growth, excepting ninety acres of intervale land, growing the native grass. Many of the most productive acres are at an altitude ranging from one thousand to eighteen hundred feet. The charter was from Benning Wentworth, Colonial Governor of New Hampshire, and dated July 8, 1 76 1 . It was obtained by Isaac Dana of Pomfret, Conn., to whom the town owes its name. The conditions of the charter specified that Governor Wentworth have a special right of five hundred acres. The remainder was divided into seventy equal rights, four sequestered for public and pious use and sixty-six granted to individuals. A large portion of the rights were given to the relatives and neighbors of Mr. Dana. Of the remainder : one went to the Governor's brother, Hunkin Wentworth; seven to the Sharp family, who were heirs of John White of Boston ; the balance to the favorites of the Governor, including Edward Holyoke, president of Harvard college and Henry Caner, rector of King's Chapel, Boston. In October, 1 76 1 , came the first survey of the town with the laying THE POMFRET LIBRARY out of a lot of land to each right. Then followed many years of con- troversy respecting the jurisdiction of the New Hampshire grants. Before conditions were ripe for settlement, occurred the death of Isaac Dana. His son, John W. Dana, two sons-in-law, John Throop and Simeon Sessions, and grandson, Darius Sessions, were the only patentees who became settlers. The settlement of the town began in 1 770. The organization was effected March 17, 1 773. The settlers came principally from north- eastern Connecticut and southeastern Massachusetts. The largest number was from the adjoining town of Woodstock, Conn., with Bridgewater, Mass., a close second. Among the settlers I note two scholars who left literary work of a high order, Aaron Hutchinson and Jonathan Ware. As this sketch is limited to a certain number of words, I must leave the early history at this point. The population reached the maximum point around the year 1 830 and a score of little red schoolhouses dotted the town. The advent of the steam railway and opening up of the western prairie for settle- ment, was followed by an abandonment of back hill farms. During the past year I have traveled over many of these abandoned farms and find that they are becoming reforested. They are rapidly returning to the conditions existing prior to the coming of the settler. Several individuals have at different times given the town the whole or a portion of their estate for the benefit of the deserving poor. The following is a list with date of gift : Abigail Washburn, 1 844 ; Kim- ball Russ, 1875; Charles Hutchinson, 1895;Zebedee Churchill, 1899; Rush C.Hawkins, 1900. The practice of retaining a public servant in continuous service has prevailed as a rule. A list of those longest in service : Otis Chamberlin, clerk, forty-eight years ; Abida Smith, treasurer, thirty years and select- man sixteen ; Edwin Allen, constable, nineteen years ; Isaiah Tinkham, Jr., overseer of poor eleven years and justice of peace twenty-nine. Crosby Miller was treasurer for twenty-six years, and Gardner Winslow justice of peace for the same number. William Perry was representative to the General Assembly eight years. State and County offices held by men while residing in town : Superior Court Judge, John Throop three years and eight months ; POMFRET VERMONT 43_ Probate Judge, John Throop ten years and William Perry five; Assistant Judge, Daniel Dana two years, John Bridge five, Gardner Winslow two, Crosby Miller ten, Charles H. Maxham seventeen, and holds the office at the present time ; State Councilor, John Throop seven years ; State Senator, Crosby Miller, Hosea Doton, Ora Paul, Homer W. Vail and Fred L. Davis; appointed to State Board of Agriculture, Ora Paul, Albro E. Perkins and Homer W. Vail. The compiler of this work asks that I name a number of men who went out from the town. I find the task most embarrassing, because several hundred went forth and well filled their places in the world. An imperfect census shows that on nearly one hundred were conferred college degrees. Of this number, twenty-five were by Dartmouth College, sixteen by the State University, sixteen by Norwich University, and the balance by colleges throughout the country. Risen to affluence : Henry H. Vail, New York ; Jason Bailey, Boston. To the Judiciary of the country ; Judah Dana, Maine ; Elmer B. Adams, Missouri ; Ira A. Abbott, New Mexico ; Duane J. Carnes, Illinois. Distinction in various fields: Orlando D. Miller, D. D., philologist, honorary member of Victoria Institute, Great Britain, 1 88 1 ; Edwin M. Snow, Providence, R. L, recipient of diamond decoration from the Russian government, 1872 ; Hosea Doton, a teacher in Pomfret, of whom it has been written, " he stands by far the greatest single influence toward the right in the town's life " ; Judah Dana, U. S. Senator from Maine for three terms ; Judah Dana 2d, fifty-five years a school teacher and Principal of State Normal School ; Israel P. Dana, founder and long time president of Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance Company ; Thomas O. Seaver, colonel of third Vermont Volunteers, winner of medal of honor for distinguished gallantry in action, Spottsyl- vania Court House, Virginia, May 1 0, 1 864 ; Rush C. Hawkins, Brevet Brigadier General, U. S. Volunteers, December 1 4, 1 866 ; Crosby P. Miller, half a century of continuous service in the United States army ; Lorenzo D. Hawkins, inventor of shoe machinery ; Benjamin F. Mason, portrait painter ; Marshall Conant, Principal of Normal School, Bridgewater, Mass., author of Astronomy and Navi- gation, a treatise ; Edward Conant, Superintendent of Education and author of Vermont, a history ; Evelyn Wood Lovejoy, historian of THE POMFRET LIBRARY Royalton and author of works of fiction ; Norman C. Perkins, author of the poems, June Training and District School ; Isaac D. Williamson, D. D., editor of the Star of the West and author of numerous books ; able writers, Robert A. Perkins of the Rutland Herald and Augustin Snow of the New York Times. In company with the above is one who did not leave town, Edmond C. Sherburne, author of Songs of a Deeper Note, a book of poems. Miss Fairfax Harding Sherburne in 1910, when she was 1 6 years old, wrote an essay on the Morgan Horse, which won the prize offered by the Vermonter for the best essay on the subject. Progressive agriculture has been fostered through the agency of the Farmers' Club, organized in 1887, and through two branches of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry. The one hundredth anniversary of the settlement of the town was observed with appropriate exercises, June 15, 1870. The present population of the town is a little above seven hundred. Pomfret's most important product in a century is the large number of men it produced and sent forth to occupy the highest positions in the industrial and political world, not to mention those who remained in town and maintained its character. While its citizens are engaged in constructive agriculture to the exclusion of all other occupations, they read and enjoy the best of the world's classics. The judicial officers have no law suits to adjudicate and neighborhood quarrels are unknown. In no other Vermont town is the simple life exemplified in a larger degree. Trees which defy the storms and winters of a Pomfret hilltop. 1600 feet above sea level. POMFRET VERMONT 45 About six Miles square Pomfret Vermont The figures are heights above ea level. The Library is about three miles from Woodstock. Roads, streams and houses are not drawn to scale. The map was designed to suggest the hilly character of the town and the fact that the population of 700 is scattered over an area of 36 square miles. 46 THE POMFRET LIBRARY Pomfret Statistics Population 1791,710; 1830. 1867, maximum; 1910,700. Total expenditures of the town, 1 9 1 0, $9 1 00. Paid for schools, 1910, $2924.59. Teachers* wages, 1910, about $33 per month. Children, 5 to 18, 1910, 160. Number of schools, 1 9 1 0, 6. Pupils in schools in town, 1910, 80. Pupils in high schools out of town, tuition paid by town, 1910, 22. Number of schoolhouses in town, 1 850, 17; 1 9 1 0, 6. Since 1 775 young men and women of the town have graduated from colleges, universities and medical schools to the number, according to an incomplete census, of 120. Libraries and Books in Pomfret By Walter E. Perkins. Pomfret's first book club came at the opening of the 1 9th Century. Incidentally the organization was effected at the town's first tavern, raised June 4, 1 782, it being the first framed house in town. The first paragraph of its records tells of the club's purposes. " Pursuant to agreement a number of persons met at the house of Maj. Elisha Smith in Pomfret on the 25th day of December, A. D., 1 804, for the purpose of purchasing a library for the mutual benefit of each other and forming themselves into a society, and agreeable to an act of the Legislature of the State of Vermont, passed November 6th, 1 800, incorporating the Social Library Societies within this State, they proceeded as follows : Made choice of Capt. John Miller, moderator ; Dr. Fred Ware, clerk ; Capt. Increase Hewitt, Col. Israel P. Dana end Rev. Ignatius Thompson, select committee." The select committee was the judicial power in the club and fixed ___ POMFRET VERMONT 47 the amount of damages in certain cases. It also adjudicated questions at issue between a member and the librarian. At an adjourned meeting twenty-two Articles of Association were adopted. Any person could become a member by signing the Articles and purchasing one share at $ 1 .50. Each shareholder was annually to pay into the treasury twenty-five cents for the benefit of the library, under the penalty of forfeiting the enjoyment of the share if not paid. The salient feature of the Articles would seem to be their strenuous rigidity, indicating a reverence for the Library as a sacred institution. The town's meeting house referred to in the records was located on a hill half a mile east of the present Town Hall and was built by a tax upon the real estate, authorized by a special act of the Legislature, October 25th, 1785. The house was destroyed by fire March 1, 1831. " The Library shall be kept within one mile of the Meeting house in Pomfret. All books shall be returned to the Librarian at ten in the forenoon of the day of the Annual meeting, under the penalty of for- feiting fifty cents for the neglect of each book. Each book shall be returned to the Librarian by some member of the society or their family ; if it is sent in otherwise each share shall forfeit fifty cents for every such offence. Every share shall be subject to the following fines : for every leaf turned down ; for every grease spot on each leaf ; for every corner of a leaf torn off without affecting the reading ; for every scratch on the cover of the book ; for every ink blot ; for every spot soiled in a book, four cents each. For writing in a book, twenty cents for every line. For cutting, tearing or burning a leaf in a book so as to affect the reading, or damaging the cover of a book, to be submitted to the committee. No member shall lend a book out of his or her house under forfeiting fifty cents." It was voted to have all books " covered with Tan'd Sheep Skin ", and also that they be vendued to the members upon the first occasion of being loaned out. At the vendue the highest sum was paid by David Dana, who gave thirty-two cents for the privilege of reading Russell's History of Ancient Europe. The books owned by this club numbered 1 3 1 and might properly THE POMFRET LIBRARY be classified as follows: History, 47; Religion, 33; Literature, 30; Biography, 1 3 ; Science, 7 ; Fiction, 1 . I have a complete list of the books. Jonathan Ware, about 1823, erected a building of logs upon his farm known as Thistle Hill, and conducted a school for instruction in the higher branches. One authority states that his library numbered "several thousand volumes", but the number may have been over- estimated. The greater portion of his books were classics, and it is reasonably certain that at that period his collection was one of the most extensive and valuable to be found in a country town having no public library. The second book club was organized at the house the town erected by a tax on the grand list, as a home for the first settled minister. The minister, in addition to his salary, acquired from the town the " Minis- ter's Right", three hundred acres of land in fee simple, and Mr. Chandler was the first permanent owner of the parsonage after the passing of Rev. Elisha Hutchinson. The records run : " Pursuant to previous notice and agreement a number of persons met at the house of Josiah Chandler in Pomfret on the 29th day of November, A. D. 1 826, for the purpose of purchasing a library for the benefit and improvement of the children who shall attend the Sabbath School in Pomfret and of forming themselves into a society, proceeded as follows : Made choice of Rev. Samuel Marsh, moderator ; David Chandler, clerk ; John Miller, David Dana and Warham Miller, select committee." A series of twelve by-laws was adopted, which appear to have been largely copied from the records of the Social Library and were prefixed by the following preamble: " We, the subscribers, for the promotion of youthful improvement in religion and morals, agree to form a library for the use of the children who shall attend the Sabbath School in Pomfret, for the purpose of studying and committing to memory the Sacred Scriptures ; and engage that we be governed and the concerns of the library be conducted agreeably to the following articles." The library was to be kept at the " Meeting House in Pomfret ", POMFRET VERMONT 49 and be open at noon each Sabbath. A subscription of twenty- five cents would entitle a person to vote for officers, and seventy-three books were purchased by subscription at the time. Since the above date the Congregational Church has maintained to the present day a Sabbath School library. The Methodist Church organization maintained a small library but no records are available by which the date of its birth can be located. The Church organization was effected in the early part of the century ; but the Recording Steward's record, which is still preserved, opens with the year 1840. A Church edifice was erected in 1850 and a book case was built to hold the library. It was customary to negotiate an exchange of books with the societies in adjoining towns. The third book club, so far as the records show, was organized at the town's third public Meeting House, a building erected near Chamberlin's store in 1 83 1 . It was organized October 9, 1 862, as the Agricultural Library Association. President, Jarvis Adams ; Sec- retary, Edwin S. Jackman ; Committee to purchase books, Otis Cham- berlin, Hosea Doton and Edwin S. Jackman. Membership, with the right to take out books, was secured by the purchase of one share at five dollars. One hundred volumes were purchased, and the most of this collection is now in the Town Library. At the Legislative Session, 1 894, came the first move on the part of the State for promoting the formation of public libraries through aid from the State treasury. An Act was passed creating a board of library commissioners, whose duties included the selection and furnishing of books to the amount of $ 1 00, at the expense of the State, upon application from a town having no public library. At Pomfret's annual meeting, March, 1 896, the town voted to accept the provisions of the Act of 1 894, and annually appropriate twenty-five dollars for the maintenance of a public library. The town public library grew rapidly. The Young People's Club, a secular society organized for charitable work, raised funds by public exhibitions to supply books. The first year of the twentieth century, the collection numbered one thousand volumes as shown by the Finding List published at that time. 50 THE POMFRET LIBRARY Hosea Doton Hosea Doton was born in Pomfret, Vermont, November 29, 1 809, on the farm which was cleared by his grandfather, John Doton, in 1 786, and has to this day been held in his name and occupied by his descendants. Hosea began his educational career in a little brick school house near the farm, built by his father and other farmers about a century ago. The schoolhouse has been in use ever since it was built and is still in good condition. After he graduated from these walls his further education was carried on by himself with his books as teachers, and this education continued through all his life. In the line of mathematics he was surpassed by no one in the state, and in recognition of this fact, Norwich University in 1 845 conferred upon him the honorary degree of A. M. His father was a farmer and a land surveyor. He learned the art of both these occupations, though surveying was far more interesting to him than farming, and from first to last he did an endless amount of it. It used to be said that you could put him in any woods and, how- ever difficult the task, he would find every " old line tree " as if by instinct. He began teaching district schools before he was of age, and was largely concerned with public and private schools for nearly forty years. After this, private students received instruction in his study, almost to the day of his death. He was employed as a civil engineer for a time on the Northern New Hampshire Railroad, and years after was chief engineer for the Woodstock railroad, a position he retained until he died. His success as a teacher has rarely been surpassed. He found the best there was in every boy and girl, and, with the foundation of this best to build upon, spared no pains to inspire them to press forward toward the highest and truest things that life could give. " Aim high ! " was his watchword. He had a strong personality, and his influence lives to-day an active force in many lives. He is borne in thankful remembrance by men and POMFRET VERMONT 57 women scattered from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast, and from the Canadian heights to the Gulf of Mexico. When he was twenty-five years of age he married his early school- mate, Lois Paddock, a young woman of brilliant intellect, in scholarship his equal and endowed with rare executive ability. Their only child, Abba Doton Chamberlin, was born six years later. He survived his first wife nearly thirty years, and during that period was twice married. He died in Woodstock, Vermont, January I 7, 1 886. This sketch of his life is printed here for two reasons : first, because he was by far the greatest influence for sound education and high and worthy living the town ever enjoyed, and, second, because his daughter, Abba Doton Chamberlin, is now the librarian of that library, described in this pamphlet, which so wisely and efficiently carries on his work. Abba Doton Chamberlin, Librarian Abba Doton Chamberlin was born in Pomfret, Vermont, August 1 , 1 840, on the farm adjoining the one settled by her great grand- father, John Doton, in 1 786. Her school life began in the little brick schoolhouse where her father and mother had been before her. When the father began work as a civil engineer on the Northern New Hampshire Railroad, the farm was sold, and the mother and daughter boarded for the time being with relatives in New Haven, Connecticut. The city schools proved very alluring and the child was soon leading her class of 40 members, although one of the youngest among them. When 1 3 years of age she won the yearly medal given by the chair- man of the Board of Education of the city. This was for a composi- tion on " Mother Goose's Melodies", which the Board had printed in one of the city dailies. The publisher afterwards informed the Chair- man that it was so well received that the issue ran short by 300 copies. 52_ THE POMFRET LIBRARY After the death of the mother, teaching district schools in Pomfret and assisting her father in his own schools took up several years. Then a course was taken in the Bridgewater, Massachusetts, State Normal School. Of this work, Principal Albert G. Boyden wrote, " She con- tinued her course of study in the school one term beyond the time required of her for graduation, and during her entire course in the school was distinguished for her fidelity, enthusiasm, and accurate scholarship." The class chose her as valedictorian at their graduation. Then began work as first assistant in the Randolph, Vermont, Normal School, and later in the Woodstock, Vermont, High School, followed by teaching in the public schools of Lincoln, Nebraska, where she received from the State Superintendent of Schools a life certificate. As a student in the Summer Schools at Harvard, she received the highest commendation given to any one of the 70 members of the class. . She taught one year in Atlanta University and two years in Augusta, Georgia. Seventy-five terms in all. When Pomfret celebrated its centennial in 1870, she was chosen by the town to write and read the centennial poem. When 27 years of age she married a Pomfret boy, her friend from childhood, James K. P. Chamberlin, who after leaving her father's school was a Norwich University cadet, and later a graduate of the Albany Law School. He died while they were living in Lincoln, Nebraska. In May, 1907, at the request of Judge Abbott, she began work in the Abbott Memorial Library. J.C.D. Vermont Libraries and the State. The aim of the Board of library commissioners is to help the smaller town libraries already established, and to encourage those towns and villages, now without free public libraries, to start such libraries. The State gives $ 1 00 in books to a town that votes to establish a free library and appropriates annually a certain sum toward its maintenance. But the State does not stop there. If the library keeps in touch with the outlying districts of its town, by sending books to one or more district schools, or by maintaining other branch libraries, the State gives it, on application, annual aid to the amount of $20 or $25 in books. Any library may ask the Board of library commissioners for advice on any point. For instance, many small libraries find it hard to choose the books to buy with their yearly appropriation. The Board has helped several with book-lists, and will always be glad to help others. Vermont wishes to give all her children a chance to enjoy such reading and pictures as children near a library enjoy. She thoroughly believes that " the children of to-day are the citizens of tomorrow ", and that the more chance for general development they have now, the better citizens they will become. The most central places for these children are their schoolhouses. So collections of books stories and other interesting books for children of all ages called " School libra- ries ", travel to any schools in the State, and towns are specially authorized by law to pay the cost of transportation. A town without a library, desiring books for adults and children, can get a collection of 45 books by application to the secretary of the Board. A reading club, wishing to study a special subject, can also obtain books. A Grange can send for a " Farmers' library " containing agricultural books and stories for its instruction and entertainment. The only cost is that of transportation both ways, about $1.25. Quarterly meetings, held in different parts of the State, sometimes with the co-operation of the State Superintendent of Education or of the Commissioner of Agriculture, encourage the towns which are bravely supporting their libraries, give them new ideas as to methods of work, and raise libraries and librarians in the estimation of their towns as members of a large and helpful body of workers. These meetings are not for librarians alone. They are planned to be of interest to all wide-awake citizens, all who take an active part or interest in any movement that keeps their town, their children, and themselves up-to-date, clear-headed, broad-minded Vermonters. State of Vermont, Board of Library Commissioners : MARCH M. WILSON, Randolph, Chairman MRS. C. M. WINSLOW, Brandon EDWARD M. GODDARD, Montpelier MISS F. B. FLETCHER, Proctorsville MISS C. H. CLEMENT, Rutland MISS R. W. WRIGHT, Montpelier, Secretary Inquiries may be addressed to members of the Board or to its Secretary. J THE LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW. Series 9482 A 000743872 4