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CONTENTS. t'AGI PREFACE, .._..--. 7 INTRODUCTION, - - - - - - - 11 EXPLANATION OF TERMS, ----- 22 ^ PHONOGRAPHIC ALPHABET, ----- 23 j EXPLANATION OF THE PHONOGRAPHIC ALPHABET, - 25 M ----- 26 < PLACING VOWELS TO THE CONSOSANT-PHONOGRAJ HS, - 27 2 MARKS OF PUNCTUATION, .... 29 INDICATION OF AN EMPHATIC SENTENCE, - -* 29 cv> READING EXERCISE, ------ 29 w WRITING EXERCISE, ------ 30 g CONSONANT OUTLINE, ------ 31 RULES FOR PLACING THE VOWELS, - - - - 31 READING AND WRITING EXERCISES, 32 5 UPWARD R, ------- -32 ^ READING AND WRITING EXERCISES, 33 THE S-CIRCLE, ------- 34 VOCALIZATION OF THE S-CIRCI.E, 35 THE VOWEL PRECEDING THE S, 35 WRITING EXERCISE, --.... 35 4m f^ tr\ f 9 * ~~\ 48359 VI CONTESTS. WoRD-SlGNS, -------30 WRITING EXERCISE, ------ 37 PREFIXES AND AFFIXES, ------ 38 HEADING EXERCISE, ------ 38 WRITING EXERCISE, ------ 33 W AND Y, CONNECTED win VOWELS, 39 READING EXERCISE, ....... 40 WORD-SIGNS, - - - - - - 41 WRITING EXERCISE, - - - - - - 41 EXPLANATION OF WORD-SIGNS, 42 P IMPLIED BY MAKING M HEAVY, 42 WoRD-SlGNS, AND READING EXERCISl, 43 THE L-HOOK, -----..44 READING AND WRITING EXERCISF.S, 45 THE R-HOOK, -----..40 M MADE HEAVY, TO IMPLY THE R-HOOK, 47 READING AND WAITING EXERCISES, 48 THE S-.CIRCLE IN THE L AND R-HOOKS, 50 READING AND WRITING EXERCISES, - - - - 51,53 WORD-SIGNS, - - - - - - - 54, 55 THE N-HOOK, - - - - - - - 56, 57 THE SHN-HooK, 58, 59 HALF-LENGTHED PHONOGRAPHS, - - - - 61, GG THE ST-LOOP - - - - - - -67, 68 PECULIARITY OF VOCALIZATION, - - - - 69, 70 READING AND WRITING EXERCISES, - - 71, 76 PREFIXES AND AFFIXES, - - 77, 79 WORD-SIGNS, ----- - 80, 86 REAIMNG AND WRITING EXERCISES, - - 87, 104 PREFACE. PHONOGRAPHY is the invention cf Mr. ISAAC PITMAN, of Bath, England. It has been before the public since the year 1837 and, on account of its great philosophical beauty and utility, has won many warm and enthusiastic admirers, both in Great Britain and America. The world will ever be indebted to the indefatigable author of this beautiful system of writing, for the great ben- efit it is destined to confer upon millions, who now know not of the existence of this mental railroad. Mr. PITMAN, aided by others who have thoroughly mastered the art, has, from time to time, been able greatly to simplify and improve the system in somo of its details. Two years ago, a Phonetic Council of one hun* dred persons (fifty in Great Britain, and fifty in nii PREFACE. America) was elected by a popular vote of tho Phonographers of each country, for the purpose of uniting the efforts and skill of all in effecting some further improvements in the art. This Council terminated its labors (so far as Phonography is concerned) on the first of January, 1852. After a long and patient- investigation of the subject, it waa almost unanimously agreed to introduce two new letters into the Phonographic alphabet, and change the system in some other respects. It is reasonable to believe, that, after so long and so thorough an investigation, made by the most experienced Pho- nographers, the system is as near perfection as it is possible for an art to approximate ; and that there exists no necessity for change hereafter. These improvements have rendered the publica- tion of a new treatise on Phonography necessary, and hence the present work. The author of the following pages claims nothing original in Phonography, having simply embodied his own experience, as a practical teacher of the ftrt He has thoroughly studied the wants of the PIUCFACE. il i$ T04A& beginner, and has, by a series of simple, analytical, and inductive exercises, endeavored (and lie has reason to hope tke effort has been succevssful) to remove all that is embarrassing and discouraging to the student in the commencement of his Phono- graphic studies. Under each rule is a Reading Exercise in Phonography, and a Writing Exercise in common type, so that he at once makes a prac- tical application of the rule, both in reading and writing, and no word is introduced until it can be written the best way. This arrangement precludes the necessity of his ever being required to unlearn that which has cost him much time and labor to learn ; but, on the contrary, he is led on, step by step, from principle to principle, until he has trav- elled over the whole ground occupied by Phonog- raphy, or, in other words, the whole ground occu- pied by the English language, and made complete master, not only of an art by wb-ich he can write with the speed of oratorical speech, but the philosophy and fundamental prirciples of all lair guagcs. X PREFACE. If the following pages shall be instrumental in upreading more widely the benefits of Phonog- raphy, the author will feel himself amply rewarded for his labor. K WEBSTER. EDITOR'S NOTE THE revision of this work was commenced at the instance of several phonographic teachers who preferred it to other treatises of the kind. The revision has been completed. A few words as to its character and extent. It is now completely conformed to all the improvements that were made in Phonography by the Phonetic Council in 1852 ; the faulty outlines have been replaced by thosa which experience has shown to be best ; the exercises at the closf of the book have been re-engraved, and made to accord with the " improvements;'' a chapter of miscellaneous observations has been added; and the authorized and alphabetically-arranged lists of word-signs have replaced the list given in former editions. This treatise, it is now believed, will subserve the purposes of both teachers and pupils better than any other phonographic instruc- tion-book extant. Together with the " Reporter's Manual," u fur- nishes a complete course of instruction in phonetic shorthand. Thousands, even without the aid of a phonographic teacher, have become good phonographic writers by their aid may thousandi more! PHONETIC DKPOT, NEW TOEK, October, 1800. 11 iM'RODUCTION. IN commencing a new study, it is natural for persons to wish to know something concerning the nature of the art or science that is about to engage their attention, and occupy their time. And it is not only natural, but wise, for them to inquire what benefit they can reasonably expect to derive from it. To enable them to form a correct judg- ment upon this point, is our present object. Phonography has been before the public since 1837 and has stood the test of criticism, scru- tiny, and investigation. It has, by its simplicity, utility, and philosophical beauty, attracted the at- tention, interested, and instructed, many hundred thousand persons, in Great Britain and America, The learned and unlearned have investigated it; and, without exception, awarded it their unre- served praise. The study is a source of pleasure arid delight: the old admire its simplicity and phi- Xli INTRODUCTION. losophical brevity ; the young hail it as a time aud labor-saving art. For accuracy and despatch in business transactions, it is unsurpassed by any system of writing ever known. To the lawyer, the minister, and the editor, it is as the railroad to the traveller. That the steam engine has given some additional facilities in locomotion, no one will deny. To travel from i\ew York to Boston, or Washington, is now a pleasant excursion; the time was, when it required more days than it now does hours; and no man, after having been once dragged through the mud, in the old, uncomfort- able, lumbering stage-coach, occasionally prying it out of the mire with a rail, has any wish or incli- nation to travel over the route again. What the steam engine has done in locomotion and commerce, PHONOGRAPHY will do in fastening thought upon paper. Speeches, sermons, and edi- torial articles, that now require the labor of six hours, can be written in one. Introduce Phonog- raphy into our schools; let the children study it, as they study other branches of learning, guided by a competent and judicious teacher; and, when they enter the business of life, they will pen their own thoughts at the rate of two hundred and liflv INTRODUCTION. Xlll words per minute ! Nay, start not at this state- ment ; though startling, it is, nevertheless, true! We have seen boys write over two hundred words in one minute, in less than two years from the time they first saw the Ponographie alphabet. Now, contrast this with the speed at which the most rapid long-hand write] can commit words to paper, and it will be seen that the gain is immense. The most rapid writer, in the common hand, can, by great effort, write only forty-three words per minute, and that only for a few minutes at a time. The ordinary rate of long-hand writing is about twenty or twenty -five words' per minute. The literary men of the coming generation, by mastering Phonography, can pen their thoughts at the rate of two hundred and fifty words per minute, and send them to the press without being driven to the disagreeable drudgery of scrawling them out in long-hand. The amount of mental work a man can do in a lifetime, with this mighty engine at his command, is almost beyond computa> tion. It is a fact, no less true than lamentable, that a man's best thoughts are often the most evanescent: they come like the vivid flashes of lightning, to ilVimine the darkness of the night JQV INTRODUCTION. for a moment, and are gone, peihaps never to return; like shadows o'er the heath they come, so depart, leaving no t-ace behind. Every man, who has been in the habit of wri- ting, knows that there are moments, when he seems to be elevated by a kind of inspiration : thought crowds on thought, impatient for iitterance; the imagination is alive, and acts with all the speed of electricity. In these favored moments, he feels the want of some rapid means of fastening words upon paper: the tardy movements of the hand crip- ple and clog the imagination in its sublime and lof- ty flights : the mind, without Phonography, is like an eagle without pinions strong, but powerless. He that writes much, will in time write well; and the ready writer is in, the way of becoming a deep thinker : the deep thinker and ready writer will become, in time, a correct and ready speaker. The incidental advantages derived from the study of Phonography are numerous. A correct knowledge of the fundamental principles and phi- losophy of all language is secured : and the mental discipline, in following a speaker, is unsurpassed, even by the study of mathematics; every faculty of the mind is aroused; every energy is brought INTRODUCTION. XV to a focus; " thoughts that breathe, and words that burn," pass in at the ear, and run out at the finger- ends, in characters as legible and symmetrical as if done by the Daguerreian's art speech daguerreo- typed ! The young man, who commences life without a knowledge of Phonography, starts upon a long journey, perhaps, in an old, worn-out, rickety, Mexican Diligence, drawn by woe-begone skeleton- mules, urged on by the motive power of a Mexican "goad." If, on the contrary, he commences this journey, with a thorough knowledge of this art in his head, and its practical utility at his finger- ends, he starts upon this eventful career in a strong, well-made car, drawn by the snorting fire- steed, whose iron sinews never tire. That the latter enjoys advantages over his more conserva- tive fellow-traveller, no man of sense will deny. Said THOMAS BENTON, when presented with a verbatim report of one of his masterly speeches, taken by a little boy, " Had this art been known forty years ago, it would have saved me twenty years of hard labor!" The Honorable Senator uttered but a part of the truth : the labo : of .n* years can be d :ne in one! XVI INTRODUCTION". For verbatim reporting, correspondence, book- keeping, memoranda, and composition, Phonogra- phy is unequalled by any system of writing ever invented. Books are written, and sent to the com- positor in Phonographic manuscript, and set up without difficulty, and with less errors than is usual with common long-hand manuscript ; in proof of this, we point in triumph to the fact, that this work has been written entirely in Phonogra- phy, and set up by Mr. CHARLES BLANCHARD, Phonographic Compositor; making a clean saving of five-sixths of the mechanical labor to the author. Business letters are dictated by merchants to their Phonographic clerks, in a few minutes, that would require hours to write them themselves; and inventories of goods are taken as rapidly as they can be called off. Literary men, who do not understand Phonography, employ Phonograpic amanuenses, thereby securing to themselves the advantages of Phonography, without being at the trouble of learning it, as the business man avails himself of the despatch of the telegraph, without building one of his own. To the mechanic and working man, Phonogra- phy comes as a-co-laborei to aid him in the acqui- l-STKODUCIION. XVU ition of knowledge, as the steam engine aids him with speed and power, in the accomplishment of ends to which muscular power is utterly inade- quate. To the young, who are toiling up the hill of science, Phonography affords great facilities. If the student be poor, let him master this great art, and convert his knowledge into gold. " Phonogra- phic boys," not yet nineteen years old, are now getting $200 per month! If they were to-day destitute of a knowledge of Phonography, they could not get $20 per month. What has been done, can be done again; it requires but the determined effort. Most of the verbatim reporting in the United States is now done in Phonography ; but that a few should become rapid writers, and make money out of Phonography, is, to our thinking, a very small matter; the art is like the air we breathe, or the light of the sun for everybody for the mil' lion. It knocks gently at the door of the school- bouse, and unobtrusively asks for admission. It comes to lend its aid and stimulus to the young and vigorous mind ; not to one, but to aH. Pho- nography should be as familiar in the school -house XV1U INTRODUCTION*. as the spelling-book, and as well won.. Here is a great boon, the common property of all ; shall they uot have it? To the schoolmaster, to the school committee, to the trustees and controllers, to ono and to all, we say, Shall they not have it ? What hinders? Teachers may master Phonography from the books, and teach it to the chil' 3 . \ Stoi'c. .! father "! taught, .: cat. ( th'm. ^ ray 1 day. / cAeek. ( them. ^ ) sight. ^ ) zeal. / night. long. or 7iate. _ kite. j shoe. ^ wide. -go. j pleasure. r yes. W AND Y CONNECTED WITH A VOWEL. c ! we. w'ck. "i year. 1 ; way. c wed. v- yea. -;.**, ^wah c wag. J ya/* yam. * toall. watch. "i yawn. i yon. >i WO. > wonder. -1 yoked. ' young. -.: WOO. i i wood. ,1 yow. ,! LESSON I. EACH phonograph or letter should be committed to memory as the representative of a distinct sound. It should not be associated in. the mind with the letters of the old alphabet, but should be so fixed in the memory, that the phonograph will bring to mind the sound that it represents, and the sound will suggest the phonograph. To accomplish this, it is well to make the phonograph repeatedly, giving the sound it represents at the same time. If there is doubt in the mind as to the correct sound, let the student pronounce the word containing the sound, and then the letter or letters representing the same sound that the phonograph does, and he will have no difficulty in giving the correct sound. In the phonographic alphabet, it will be seen that the letter or letters representing the same sound that the phonographic character does are in Italics. For instance: in the word now, the first element is rep- resented by the phonograph ^., and the last by A ; let him pronounce the whole word, and then drop the first element, and he will have the sound repre- sented by the oiv, or A 2 26 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHEK. The vertical and inclined phonographs are writ- ten downwards, with the exception of f when standing alone, which is made from the line of writing upward ; the horizontal from the left to the right. The first place is at the point of beginning ; the second place in the middle; and the tidrd place at the end or termination of the phonog? a pit. TABLE OF VOWELS, DIPHTE ">NGS, AN)> TRIPTHONG&. DOT-VOWELS. DASn-VOWKl.S. Long. Short. Long. Short. First place. ' e 1 ~ aw ~ Second place. a e " O -uh Third place. .ah . a . cc .00 First place. Second place. Third Blace. DIPRTIIONTfS. <\ayey . QW w VXM 27 LESSON II. To write words phonographically, it is necessary first to ascertain the sound heard in their pronuncia- tion; this can be done very readily, by pronouncing the words slowly. The consonant-phonographs are written first, the pen passing from the formation of one consonant to that of another, without being raised from the paper until the consonant outline of the word is completed. The vowels are inserted afterwards, but must not be allowed to touch the consonants. If the vowel precedes the perpendicular or inclined onsonant, it is placed at the left, thus: 1 , .1 ; if it follows, it is put on the right, thus : I* , "\ If the vowel precedes the horizontal consonant, it is placed above it, thus: ~, _i_ ; if it follows, it is placed below, thus: _ , v The first-place vowels are put on the side of the consonant, near its beginning, thus: 1 , \ , ""; the second-place vowels at the middle, thus: -I , > , ^' and the third-place vowels near the end, thus: .1 The dash-vowels are usually written at right angles with the consonants, thus: _, v 28 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. The diphthongs and tripthongs occupy the same position in the word that they do in the phoneno alphabet, never inclining to the position of the con- sonant; as, \, \ The position of the vowels may be indicated by a dotted line; as, -I; or the nominal consonant, thus: f , -f > or 1> according to the situation of the vowels placed to it; as, *-}; Eah, a proper name; J. E t for Edmund; J A, for Alfred; et cetera. The stroke- vowels may be written thus: 7 0, for Oliver- S -f ^jt^ H(enry) U(mfreville) Janson. When joined to a consonant, this nominal stroke may be written in any direction ; as, -^- maoua. Horizontal consonants having an accented vowel in the first place are written above the line, thus: ~, *~" ; but if the accented vowel is second or third place, it is written on the line, thus: __, ^ Hint, and any are exceptions ; him being written on the line, and any above, thus: _, ~ If two vowels precede a consonant, the first vowel is put a little further from the consonant than the other, thus : -|- ; if they follow, the last vowel is put a little further from the consonant, thus: T When a vowel is preceded by the aspirate h, it is written thus: "X , or -\ ; w may be aspirated oy a tick, thus : *V awhile. If there is no con- 'eouant in the word, the stroke-letter is used; as, 2> Ohio. lie is written by a light and 1-eavy dot above the line, thus: "* PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. & The period is indicated by a small cross, thus: * ; the note of exclamation, by 1 ; the mark of inter- rogation, ; grief, I ; laughter, ? ; the other marks of punctuation are the same as in ordinary writing. The exclamation, ah, is written by a large dotand ex- clamation thus : . !,and eh, by a small dot thus /, r i . An emphatic word or sentence -is indicated by a waved line being drawn beneath it, thus: J^; a capital letter is shown by two parallel dashes being placed directly below it, thus: * . READING EXERCISE. /, -I, N, / , "I, /, S, V. .1, J, 1 v/ ; ^, C, ^, 'I . >\, \ 1 'I, !-, (-, c, 4 *,(,.*, r, -x, -), x, y, ^1, N j, L, j, j, >, s, -j, "), -x "1, -I, ^, r, v, r, r, /*, ^., \. ^ , 80 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. WRITING EXERCISE. Me, may, mow, nay, no, gnaw, ache, oak, aim. own, ray, lay, law, loa, she, show, age, etch, ape, ate, odd, hop, hope, hoop, dough, do, though, sow, rye, my, shy, ice, eyes, tie, toy, boy, joy- 31 LESSON III. WHEN several consonant-phonographs are united, they are termed the consonant outline or skeleton of u word. The first inclined consonant should rest upon the line of writing, thus : "^ cape, "v_ beak. Hori- zontal consonants, having an accented vowel in the first place, are written above the line, thus: r ~ nick, r ~ x ~ meek. All first-place vowels are put to the first conso- nant, thus: '"N keep, L_ tick. All second-place long vowels are pot to the first consonant; as, x_ bake, s game. All second-place short vowels are put to the sec- ond consonant ; as, \_i. beg, U dumb. All third-place vowels are put to the second con- sonant ; as, v_' book, ~7 catch. If two vowels come between two consonants, they may be divided between the consonants, without regard to their being short or long vowels ; as, v Q > ^ <^' , J , V ^-^ , l^f V WRITING EXERCISE. Shake, peak, bake, bale, cheek, check, chalk, peat, pat, pate, pet, foal, feel, fell, fail, fore, fear, keep, cape, cope, cap, form, cheaply, took, coop, chafe, move, make, book, bake. It has been found convenient, in practice, to give R a second form ; which is struck from the line of writing upward, at an angle of thirty degrees, and may be called the up-stroke R; as, x roe, /. ray. It can readily be distinguished from / c//, -\\hich is always written downwards, at an angle of sixty degrees ; as, Zl cheek, /I rich. This form of the R PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 33 is generally used at the end of a word, when fol- lowed by a vowel ; as, _/ carry. READING EXERCISE. Af -A \? A V> , -4, "^, -^, -4. --, ^- C,~~ r~* . / , x\ , XX s !', IVV . C , 'C , v x ^, i^ , i ) WRITING EXERCISE. Fail, folly, liar, bill, meanly, thumb, alarm, cash, shook, gnash, push, shave, ship, shallow, shed. Write, lock, diary, ready, robe, derive, poorly, harp, form, power, fire. 2* LESSON IV. THE s and z may be represented by a small cir- cle, thus : 5, o z; the circle being thickened a little on one side for z, when great accuracy LH required. This, however, in practice is seldom done. This form of the s and z increases both the beauty and speed of the writing. The circle may be joined to the other phonographs. It is made upon the left of the upward r, the upper side of k t and on the right side of t, ch, etc., as exhibited in IV the annexed figure. It is put upon the con- ^ cave side of the curves, as will be seen by the following simple arrangement : \ sp, \ sb, f st, f sd, / sch, /" sj, ._ sk, ,__ sg, 1 sf, C. sv, C sth, sth, J ss, } sz, ) ssh, J szh, f si, > sr, s sr, <-, sm, - sn, ^ sng. The circle is turned in the most convenient way when it comes between two straight or two curved phonographs, but is very rarely placed upon the back of the curve, thus: ]^_ task, chosen, ^, mason, If the sound of s o- z is heard twice or more in PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 35 a word, and in close contact, the circle is made twice its usual size, thus: ^ piece, NO pieces, _o yuess, _JD guesses. This character is seldom vocalized, but may be by putting the vowel in the circle, thus: .-__/> eaercise. A large circle is never used at the commencement of a phonograph. The stroke-phonographs are vocalized the same as if the circle had not been joined to them, thus: 7 seat. The circle is read first, then the vowel, and lastly the consonant-phonograph. But if the vowel follows the circle, the two consonants may be read together ; as, f stay, T sty, slo-w, ^ snow. If the circle terminates a word, the vowel is read between the stroke-consonant and the circle, thus : ^ face, ^ moose, ^ mouse. But when a vowel precedes the s at the begin- ning of a word, the stroke-phonograph should be used, thus: .!_ ask, "L_ Isaac. When the vowel fol- lows the * or z, the stroke-phonograph should be used, thus: V busy, ^) rosy. Words which have no other consonant in them should be written with the. long sign, thus: )* sea, -) essay. BEADING EXERCISE. f-, Y, L &.., r r, T, .r, .r, o, % -^ 36 PHONOGRAPHIC TfcACHER. WORD-SIGNS. Atofi tht Lint. On the Lint. the, . and, an, % all, . a, of, . % two. ' or, v to, 1 awe, already, but, ' ought, oh, on, / who, V, for, x should, ~" give, * how, I, aye (yes), in, I it, < that, < without, is, o as, * his. o has. . WRITING ' EXERCISE. Expensive, business, discourse, sell, soil, song, gun, slay, size, eggs, nose, time, toil, rusty, boots, passes, supposes, observes, sorrows, scissors, life, says. PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. .37 Give me my book. Kiches may fill uu empty head, and make it giddy; but we all know that "money makes the mare go." He that does not look to his own business, may come to poverty. The poor may have many joys that the rich have not He who has no business ia sexdom happy. 448353 38 LESSON V THE prefixes com and con are expressed by a light dot at the commencement of a word, thus: X, compose, U, condemn. The termination ing is written by a light dot at the end of a word, thus: \ being, I. doing. A heavy dot may be placed at the end of a word to express ings, thus: ^ beings, \. doings. It is some- times better to use the long sign, thus: ^ ings, (-.^AJ, meanings. A tick may be joined to a word-sign to express the, thus : > of the, y all the, > to the, etc. READING EXERCISE. T f '--I" S\. -f i " I) ' , I, LS -^ ^j *t i t y * J s c j, * S. -r- \ \ \ -- V ' r ^ ^- *- c) " ^ L n . .r X 1 PHONOGRAPHIC TEA3HEB. 39 WRITING EXERCISE. Compel, common, concede, conceit, convince, conceal, changing, causing, aiming, fishing, hear- ing, common sense, laughing, company, commen- cing, compose, being, beings, sitting, guiding, committee, diminishing, seize, confess, copying, escaping. Common sense is a safe guide in business. Cus- tom, and not common sense, is the common guici The epicure lives to eat, but the wise man eats live. The w represents a light whispered sound, and is very seldom heard by itself. In the pronuncia- tion of almost every word in the language, it ia heard in connection with a vowel ; hence, the two sounds are represented by a small semi-circle, thus: < The same rules are applied to this character that govern the rowel arrangement. The learner will be very much assisted in committing these characters to memory, by associating them with the vowela thus: 'I e, ! a, \ ah; c we, < wa, e wah. The semi-circle never inclines to harmonize with the long phonograph, but should always be placed in its proper position, thus: c \ weepj _*_ woke, _< wag, V. wave, The above observations will apply to the'y, 40 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. which always represents a whispered sound, and is heard in connection with a vowel, and is governed by the same rules that the w semi-circle is, thus: 1 youth, _A_ yoke. W CONNECTS WITH A VOWEL. Long. First place. c i we Second place. l wa Third place. J wah Short. . Long. Skort. Wl waw ' wo we > wo > wiih wd woo woo w _ wow Y CONNECTED WITH A VOWEL. 1 yaw First place. v j ye Second place. ! ya Third place. y -j ye READING EXERCISE. "I yd , V, V, !, ^, -^ - jf, PHOXOGR1PHIC TEACHER. WORD-SIGNS. we, * ye, L why, C will, yet, \ be, o would, you, ~> way, : with, f your, ..^.. away, . what, g yours, " beyond c were. g" yourselves. WRITING EXERCISE. + Wing, weep, wane, worse, walk, woolly, wag waggish, woes, wall, switch, square, wash, worth, always, bewail, weakness, swop, Sweep, window. Young, youth, year, yoke, lawyer. He that goes to law will have use for his money. A good boy will get his lessons well, but a lazy boy will always be at the foot. Who would not choose to reside out of the city. where he could listen to the enchanting melody of Hie sweet songsters of the air ? What is the issue of war, but woe and misery ? Beyond all, the young should always speak openly and without reserve. LESSON VI. THE word-signs are a very great abreviation in the mechanical labor of writing. They are appro- priated to words of the most frequent occurrence, find that portion of the word is selected which is the mo^t suggestive ; for instance : in the word what, the sound is the most promiment; hence, the semi-circle 5 is chosen, and put in the first place, because it is a first-place vowel. Words containing a second-place or third-place vowel are generally placed upon the line of writing. In a large class of words in the language, p follows m, and is closely joined to 'it in pronuncia- tion, and it has.been found convenient to represent the sound of the p by making the ^ phonograph heavy, thus: <^/ empire. WORD-SIGNS \ up, \ be, I it, I do, / which, / advantage, ~ kingdom, given, PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 43 _. come, together, v^_ for, ^ have, ( think, ( them, they, ) so, ) was, ^ shall, J usual- ly, ^ are, ..\. away, ^x may, ^ improve- ment, """ me, "" import- ant, anee, " in, * thing, ^ no. ^ language. READING EXERCISE. '* ^ ^ V' a '- . n ^ 9 WRITING EXERCISE. The wise think before they speak ; the unthink ing speak before they think. He that likes a' warm welcome and new ideas, will not seek the society of fops. To will, is to do. All agree that time is money; but few take as good care of it as they would of money. 44 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. The sound represented by I readily blends with the sounds represented by several other letters, and the two sounds are uttered by one impulse of the voice ; thus, in the words play, plea, Mow, alow, etc., the p, b, and g, are spoken with the I ; as, pi, bl, gl. To increase the facility of phonographic writing, when I blends with other letters, it is represented by a hook, thus: ^ play, <^_ clay, ^ glow. This hook may be placed at the beginning of a word, or in the middle of it, thus : \ people, \ power- ful The lollowing diagrams will assist the student in remembering this hook. If the left hand be held up, with the first finger bent, the outline of the Miook will be seen, thus: The Z-hook is made on the same side of the long sign as the s-circle, and on the inside of the curves. The long phonograph is vocalized the same as if the hook had not been joined to it. The Miook is not appended to m, n, I, r, ng, w, y, or h. It is joined to sh only when struck upward, and con- nected with another phonograph ; as, "^/ official PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 45 THE Z-HOOK. V, bl f dl /jl ^ gl ^ vl manner, _A comer. The sh and zh are written with the r-hook when made downward only, thus: 2 wisher, ^~2 measure. It is inconvenient to place the r-hook upon the back of a curve; hence, the phonographs Vs. / ^ v, ( th, ( TH, are reversed PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 4? when the r-hook is added, thus: ^ fr, *> vr } ikr, ) THR ; as in the words "-^N clever, '"*} mover. When the vowel g occurs between the p and iind the r, and the word is written with the r-hook, it is rarely necessary to vocalize, thus: %_^ person. There is -no difficulty in the reading of these words, although the phonograph representing the sound e is not inserted. The r-hook should generally be expressed in the middle of a word when it follows the s-circle: as, "^^ express, but in some cases it may be included in the s-circle, particularly when the long phono- graphs follow each other in a straight line, thus: "i prosper, T destroy. There is a class of words, where the phonographs do not follow each other in a straight line, in which the r-hook may be included in the s-circle ; as, \ nil-scribe, J* describe. THE 7^-HOOK. br dr cr- gr > vr ) tin J zhr ^ nr 4:8 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHEB. BEADING EXERCISE. ^, y |^ f U, K ^ v V^. ^_ s ^ T, s ^, . ^ ,1, * r v. ^, . n ^f ^ c * fri - n. WRITING EXERCISE. Criminal, bridge, trial, wisher, drum, ditcher, pursue, describe, plumber, sure, thrive, brother, eagerness, mover, clever, converse, neither, dis- agree, crawl, groom, creep, crime, anger, armor, whatsoever. He that would succeed in any business should ^^L * persevere, and not waste his energies on too many pursuits. One person makes all things aid him in effecting and finishing whatever he may commence, while another divides his labor among so many trades and pursuits, that he does nothing well ; the former will be very likely to succeed; the latter PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 49 will be very sure to fail. It is quite probable that war would be more agreeable to some persons, if it was not a game at which two parties may play tiger hunting is Very exciting, agreeable and good exercise, so long as we hunt the tiger ; but it is far otherwise when the tiger takes it into his head to hunt as. f)0 LESSON V 1 1 1 . THE 5 -circle is joined to the compound phono- graphs \ II, f tl, ^_ k\ etc., by making it inside the hook, thus: f sdl, ^ sbl. When a circle is placed inside the hook, it should be made a little smaller than usual, and it is not important that it should be a perfect circle, but may be elongated a little, thus: ^. syZ, <_ ski. In this case the circle is made first, and therefore should be read first. If a vowel precedes the s, the long phonograph must be made, thus: *) 'oysters, T aside. If a vowel comes after the .s, and before the pi, it is placed the same as if no circle had been made with the word, and reads between the s and the compound conso- nant, thus: Sx supple, T sidle, C C. sivivel, * sickle. By writing the circle upon the r-hook side, it is made to express both the r-hook and the s, thus: ^ spray, \ spree, ,. sf ' V n ^> ^ ' ^ ), ^ . 52 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. < , r . \_ i , < ^ . ^ v v. . C ^ V * ' , C7 v r j ^ L I LL .v^. * v '/ *-* *) J i t > ^^ i ^v_ / /, - 4 r, ^ Wl f -f v* 'c . \ ^ * * V . "' V, . WORD-SIGNS. *v principle, al, *^ remark, ^ full, ,-N more, ~7 knowledge, ^, nor, 1 truth, .} pleasure, ^ sure. *) their. ~7 acknowledge, PHOXOGRAPLuO TEACHER. 53 WRITING EXERCISE. Sidle, swivel, supple, sickle, sable; sapper, cider, sicker, saber, simmer ; consider, construe ; strength, Saturday, icicle, streaming, supremacy, scratch. Rashness is the error of youth, timidity of age; manhood is the isthmus between the two extremes ; the period of life when we have the head to con- trive, and the firm hand to execute. Always look at those whom you are talking to ; never at those you are talking of. Misery magni- fies danger, as a fog the sun ; we fear that which we cannot see clearly. No two things differ more than hurry and despatch ; hurry is the mark of a weak mind, despatch of a strong one. The weak man in office, like a squirrel in a cage, is laboring eternally, but to no purpose ; he is always stirring, but does not get on ; he is in everybody's wa} 7 , and stops nobody; he looks into everything, but sees into nothing; he has many irons in the fire, but very few of them ever get hot ; and with those few that do, he only injures hiinselt LESSON IX. WORD-SIGNS. tbovt the Lint. On t/n Line. ' the, . an, and, ' all, a, x of, N two, ' or, to, 1 awe, already, 1 but, ' ought, 1 oh, before, ' on, / who, ^ from, / should, "" give, given, A how, ' I, y aye (yes), " in 1 it, < that, ( without, is, as, his. has. W AND Y SERIES OF WORD SIGNS. c we, < were, . u why, * ye, L while, , would. yet, PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 55 c with, ' what, C fours. you, r your, 6" yourselves. -> way, ' beyond, ..y away. CONSONANT WORD-SIGNS. \ up, \ be, I it, I do, / which, / advantage, ~ kingdom, _ together, come, V have, V. for, ( them, ( think, ) was, ) so, j usual- ly, J shall, "^ important, ance, ^ are, ^ improve- ment, ^ may, " thing, ^ me, ^ language, ^_ no. "" anything. r will. "^ are. WfORD-SIGNS OF THE L AND 7?-HOOK SERIES. *-. principle, al, *\ re- member, 1 truth, ) pleasure, } sure, ^ very, ^_ full, ) there, their, knowledge, ^ remark, Mr. <-s more. ^ nor, near. ^r~. call, , care, *_ difficult-y.' 66 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACliJiR. THE JV-HOOK. The n-hook is placed at tlie termination of the straight consonant-phonographs, upon the side oc- cupied by the r-hook, thus: \ In, \ pn, _, kn ; \ bean, X pain, __, cane ; it is also placed on the concave or inside of the curves, thus: ^ vn, ^ mn, ~^ rn; as, v^, vine, ^, man, s? run. The annexed figure will assist the memory. The kn 5 " c i rc l e is made \vithin the hook, upon '* the concave phonographs, thus : C^ vines, e/ shines The final 7i-hook may be turned into a circle, on straight lines for ?/s, as j- stone, ' stones, If there are two &s, as in the words tenses, expenses, the double circle is used, thus ; J- tenses, "^ expenses. The consonant-phonographs are vocalized as though the n-hook had not been used. The third-place vowel is put outside of the hook, thus: (. than. If the word ends with simple 5, the circle is placed on the side of the Z-hook, thus : ^ piece, _* guess. If a vowel follows the final n, the long phonograph must be used, thus: \^,. company. THE JV-HOOK WORD-SIGNS. \ upon, \y phonographer. _, can, "" men, C alone, -* man, PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 57 "* opinion, N been, v^ phonography, j done, V^ phonographic. ' > -^ J ~" J -r I d > > ""3 J ^ > *' - J" <)', J^> fr t > " j NV T K ( / t -, WRITING EXERCISE. Throne, iron, seven, express, expensive, assign, sudden, pain, bone, den, dean, mean, glance, dance, prance, trance. The man who knows the world, will not only make all he can out of what he does know, but of many things that he does not know ; and will gain more by his adroit way of hiding his ignorance, than the fop, by his awkward endeavor to show his knowledge. He that would be a ready speaker, should write much. He that writes much is very likely to be a 3* 58 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. deep thinker. Perseverance will often make what the world looks upon as genius. THE /SffiV-HOOK. The terminations, c*an, sion, tion, are frequent in the English language. This sound is represented by a hook, called the sAn-hook, and made, at the end of the straight phonographs, on the side of the Z-hobk, thus : t d-s/m, .1' addition ; \ p-s/m, V passion. The final s and z may be written by turning the circle inside of the hook, thus : I d-.s/ms, .(, addi- tions ; \, p-s/ms, \* passions. The s/m-hook, when joined to the curves, is made twice its usual size, thus: o f-shn t \o- fashion; o n-s/in, ^ nation. The s-circle may be written inside the sAn-hook, thus: 'io visions, The vowel may sometimes be written inside of the s/m-hook ; as, ~^ revolution. vs THE HOOK. \ pshn \ bshn L tshn I dshn _ kshn / jshn Vo fshii ^ gshn PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 59 G thshn ^o vshn t) sshn THshn c' shshn <3 zshn sz mshn Isbn o ngshn 7) rshn ^> nshn READINfl EXERCISE. J ^ * N - AT , y% " , V . ^ t. ^N r .! % - \ d ; v., ^ c -v, - \ 60 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHEB. WRITING EXERCISE. Confusion, institution, demonstration, confisca tion, exclusion, revolution, donation, concentration, evasion, seclusion, condition, mission, consternation, equivocation, resurrection, continuation, construc- tion, resolution, notions, seditions, apprehension, nation, national, preparation, revelation, assump- tion. The wise man, while in health, will make provi- sion for his declining years, when care and toil may have drawn heavily upon his physical and mental powers. 61 LESSON X. BY making some of the consonant-phonographs half their usual length, a t or d is implied ; or, in other words, by making them half as long, they mean as much again. This is one of the most beau- tiful contractions in the whole system. The sounds of t and d are of frequent occurrence in the English language, and often united with a preceding conso- nant, with or without the intervention of a vowel. A light half-lengthed phonograph generally im plies a t, and a heavy one a d ; but this, however, is not always the case ; but the sounds of t and d are so nearly alike, that no difficulty is experienced in determining which is implied. When to the sound of I, r t ra, and n, the sound of d is added, the half-lengthed phonograph is made heavy, thus : Y old, *> read, ^ made, ^ end and of t, the half-lengthed character is light, thus: f let. -> art, ^. met. A phonograph with a final hook, implying a d, may be thickened a little, thus: 3- constaint, 3 constrained. S and 2 are added to the halved phono- graphs by the circle, in the same manner that they 62 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. are to the full-lengthed, thus: ' fit, < Jits; " plant, \ plants. A halved phonograph occupies but half the space of a full-lengthed character, and is generally com- mencel at the same point \vhere a full-lengthed character commences, except in some instances, where the accented vowel is second or third-place; as, v. found. If the accented vowel is first-place, it is written thus: * ' meeting, T street. The half-lengthed phonographs are vocalized the same as the full-lengthed, but as the t or d only is implied, the vowel preceding it is put to the halved phonograph ; if it follows, it is put to the second phonograph, thus : /~ little, \y bitter. The half-lengthed I may be struck up or down; if upward, it is made light; as, kr felt; if downward, heavy, thus: ^ field. The up-stroke r is halved for t; as, \; part; the downward r is much better when the d is implied, thus: 4' cheered. When a vowel follows t or d at the end of a word, the full-lengthed character should be used ; as ,_' guilt, _/T guilty ; and when a third-place vowel follows, it is better to use the full-lengthed character, thus: V spatter, and not **/ If the halved phonograph does not make a dis- tinct angle with the full phonograph to which it ia united, it cannot be used. PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 63 A hook OB the circle side of I, m, n, and up- stroke r, at the beginning expresses w (when thick- ened, wh), as .C weal ; .C wheel ; ^ wine ; word, > short, ~ immediate- ly, according- ly, w under, * cannot, ) establish- ed, ment, ^ account, ^ lord, '\ represent- ed. " not. PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 65 WRITING EXERCISE. He that lessens the road to knowledge lengthens life ; and we are all of us more indebted than we believe we are, to that class of writers whom John- con termed the pioneers of letters, doomed to clear away the rubbish for those heroes who press on to honor 'and victory, without deigning to bestow a single smile on the humble drudge that facilitates their progress. Liberty will not descend to a people, but a peo- ple can raise itself to liberty ; it is a blessing that must be earned before it can be enjoyed. That nation cannot be free, where parties are but differ- ent roads, leading to one common end plunder ! That nation cannot be free, where the rulers will not feel for the people until they are obliged to fall with the people ; and then it is too late. That nation cannot be free, that is bought by its own consent, and sold against it ; where the rogue that is in rags is kept in countenance by the rogue that is in ruffles; and where, from high to low, from the lord to the lacquey, there is nothing rational but corruption, and nothing contemptible but pov- erty ; when both patriot and policeman, perceiving that money can do anything, are prepared to do anything for money. That nation cannot be free, where religion is, with the higher orders, a matter of 66 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. indifference; with the middle, of no consequence , and with the lower, fanaticism. That nation can- not be free, where the leprosy of selfishness sticks to it as close as the curse of Elisha to his servant Gehazi ; where rulers ask not what gives credit to a man, but who ; and where those who want a rogue, have no occcsion to make, but to choose. I hope there is no nation like this on earth ; but if there were, these are the things that, however great she may be, would keep such a nation from liberty, and liberty from her. These are the things that force themselves upon such a nation ; first, a loss of expedients; second, difficulties; and lastly, of danger. Such a nation could begin to feel only by fearing all that she deserved, and finish by suffering all that she feared. LESSON XI. THE st, sd, and zd, are represenied by elongating the 5-circle a little, and making it a loop, thus : f less, f least. This loop is usually made about half the length of the long phonographs ; but it may be joined to the half-lengthed characters, and, in that case, should be made proportionably short, thus: .- great, ^ greatest. The loop is generally made a little shorter when joined to the curves, than when joined to the straight phonographs. It may be placed at the commencement of a woid, thus: .f steel, -F state, *"~- steam; and, when so placed, is read first. By making the loop a little longer, the r also is expressed, tints: Vo fast, VD faster. When placed .at the beginning of a word, and on the r-hook side of the phonograph, it includes the r, thus : ^_ sto- kei. When written on the rc-hook side, it expresses n, thus: _^ canst, _^ against; if the loop is elonga- ted a little, it implies the r, thus: \ punster. The s is added to the st and sir-loops, by contin- uing the stroke to the other side of the phonograph, thus : ^ feasts, ^ crusts, ^ punsters. 68 PHONOGSAPniC TEACHES. The sMoop may be placed IL. the uiiddle of a word, thus: fc-^- distinct. The tion, sion, or s/m-hook, may be expressed by continuing the s-circle to the other side of the pho- nograph, thus: ^ position, \ f persuasion. This */m-hook can be vocalized for the first-place vowel, by writing the vowel before the hook, thus: - decision ; and after it, for a second-place vowel ; as, ^. conversation; but cannot be vocalized for a third- place vowel. The circle may be placed inside the hook, to ex- press the plural, thus : *>>. conversations, -^ physi- cians. When the s-circle is turned upon the w-hook side of the phonograph, it expresses n, thus : 'V com- pensation, 2, transition. The prefix in, may be expressed before the com- pound phonographs spr, skr, str, by a small hook on the side of the s-circle r and a circle upon the r-hook side of the phonograph, thus: *^ inspira- tion. *~\ inscription, IV, instruction. The diphthongs '; , <; , j , occur but seldom in the language, but when it is necessary to use them, they are written thus : T Deity, .__ clayey, !L Stoic. The va stroke may be aspirated by a t!ck (as ex- plained on page 28), or by placing a dot-aspirate before the following vowel. The l y when standing alone, or connected with PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 69 the s-circle, should always be struck upward, thus T swell, f sleigh, *C soil. The sh, when connected with other consonant- phonographs, may be made either up or down ; but when standing alone, or when connected with the s-circle, it should be made downward, thus : ^ shoes, j^ shows. The s-circle may be joined to h, thus : ^ , as, ^ Soho, g^' Sahara. Making a curve-stroke double length indicates the addition of thr, as x ~r^ mothe? ; (^ leather ; ^ weather' "> whether; ~\ rather; ^^ in their ; ^-^ another; \^ father. AVhen it is required to express a vowel between two phonographs, a small circle may be used for the dot-vowels, thus : <,!_ dark ; making the circle a little larger for the full vowels. For the short vowels, thus: ^ bell, ^^ envelop. The dash-vowels may be written at the end ol the phonographs, or struck through them, thus.- eH j, course, 10 _^ scorn ; in the latter word, the s is read first, and the vowel between the k and r. The semi-circles for w and y follow the same rule; as, Jt ~l' quality, Vr7 figuration, CL T^ T =-< calculation. The nominal consonant is used simply to indi- cate the position of the vowels, when several ci them occur in a word, without the intervention of consonant; as, Afacua. Here it is necessary to 70 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. mark the position of the vowels, otherwise we could never pronounce the word. This character may be either a dotted line, thus: i or, a straight line, with a dash struck through it, thus: -\ , -J-, j; '\ a/i, a proper name. The nominal consonant may be written with other phonographs, thus : ^- Maoua. By the aid of the nominal consonant, the sound of the first letter in a proper name may be indi- cated, thus: j. E, for Edmund; J A, for Alfred. The dash- vowels may be written thus: J 0, for Olive?'; . U \ . r \ \ \ < -^ I' f , J 72 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. WRITING, EXERCISE. Style, disgraced, distribution, blazed, blessed pest, nest, rest, west, clause, past, mast, advanced, manifest. Accusation, imposition, physician, pronunciation, illustration, position, inscription, instruct, instruc- tion, superstition, persuasion. Habits. The whole character may be said to be comprehended in the term habits ; so that it is not so far from being. true, that "Man is a bundle of habits." Suppose you were compelled to wear an iron collar about your neck through life, a chain upon your ankle; would it not be a burden, every day and hour of your existence ? You rise in the morning, a prisoner to your chain ; you lie down at night, weary with your burden ; and you groan the more deeply, as you reflect that there is no shaking it off. But even these would be no more intolerable to bear than many of the kabits of men, nor would they be' more difficult to be sha- ken off. Habits are easily formed, especially such as are bad; and what seems to be a small affair, will soon become fixed, and hold you with the strength of a cable. That same cable, you will recollect, is made by spinning and twisting one thread at a time; but, when once completed, the proudest ship turns her PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 7% head towards it, and acknowledges her subjection to its power. Ilabits of some kind will be formed by every student. He will have a particular course in which his time, his employment, his thoughts, and his feelings, will run. Good or bad, these habits soon become a part of himself, and a kind of second nature. Who does not know that the old man, wno has occupied a particular corner of the old fire-place in the old house for sixty years, may be rendered wretched by a change? Who has not read of the release of the aged prisoner of the Bastile, who en- treated that he might again return to his gloomy dungeon, because his habits there formed were so strong, that his nature threatened to sink under the attempt to break them up. You will probably find no man of forty, who has not habits which ha laments, which mar his usefulness, but which are so interwoven with his very being, that he cannot break through them. At least, he has not courage to try. I am expecting you will form habits. Indeed, I wish you to do so. He must be a poor character, indeed, who lives so extempore as not to have liabits of his own. But what I wish is, that you form those habits which are correct, and such as \rill every day and hour add to your happiness and usefulness. If a man were to be told that he must use the axe which he now selects through life, would he not be careful in selecting one of the right pro- 4 74 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. portions and temper? If told thut he must use the same clothing through life, would he not be anxioua us to the quality and kind? But these, in the cases supposed, would be of no more importance than is the selection of habits, in which the soul shall act. You might as well place a body in a straight jacket, and expect it to perform, with ease, and comfort, and promptness, the various duties of the body, as to throw the soul into the habits of some men, and then expect it will .accomplish anything great or good. Do not fear to undertake to form any habit which is desirable; for it can be formed, and with more ease than you may at first suppose. Let the same thing, or the same duty, return at the same time every day, and it will soon become pleasant. No matter if it be irksome at first ; but how irksome soever it be, only let it "return periodically every day, and that without interruption for a time, and it will become a positive pleasure. In this way, all our habits are formed. The student, who can with ease now sit down and hold his mind down to his studies nine or ten hours a day, would find the laborer, 01 the man accustomed to active habits, sinking under it, should he attempt to do the same thing. I have seen a man sit down at a table spread with luxuries, and eat his sailor's biscuit with relish, and without a desire for any other food. His health had com- pelled him thus to live, till it had become a pleasant PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 75 habit of diet. Previous to this, however, he &ad been rather noted for being an epicure. "I once," says an excellent man, "attended a prisoner of some distinction, in one of the prisons of the metropolis, ill of typhus fever, whose apart- ments were gloomy in the extreme, and surrounded with horrors ; yet this prisoner assured me after- wards, that, upon his release, he quitted them with a degree of reluctance! Custom had reconciled him to the twilight admitted through the thick- barred grate; to the filthy spots and patches of hia plastered walls ; to the hardness of his bed ; and even to confinement." I will now specify habits which, in my view, are very desirable to the student. Rules for the Formation of Habits. 1. Have a plan laid beforehand, for every day. 2. Acquire a habit of untiring industry, 3. Cultivate perseverance. 4. Cultivate a habit of punctuality. 5. Be an early riser. 6. 'Be in the habit of learning something from every man with whom you meet. 7. Form fixed principles on which to think and act. 8. B*e simple and neat in 'your personal habits. 9. Acquire the habit of doing every thing well. 76 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 10. Make constant efforts to be master of your tem- per. 11 Cultivate soundness of judgment. 12 Observe a proper treatment of parents, friends, and companions. s Students ManuaL 77 LESSON XII. PREFIXES. JL PHONOGRAPH may be written, as a prefix, .ear to the following part of a word, but must not be united with it ; as, I for disoon, discorn; |j discontent, \\ discompose, IL; discontinue. o for circum; as, j circumstance, ^~>t circum- scribe. . for com, con; as, U, contemn, \, compose, for incgm, incon, written above the line, thus: V incomplete, Y" inconstant. ^ for t^ro, mfer, placed in any position near th<3 following letter, thus: ~L introduce, ~~^ intervene. ^ for magni, mcigna, placed above the other part of the word, thus: ^^ magnificent, ^*~\ magna- nimity. / for recon,, recog ; as, /**> recommend, ^Lt> recog 78 PHOXOGRAP&JC TEACHER. "> ferwTaron; as, "V irreconcikd. o for clf; as, ) selfish, J self-destruction. This prefix should be written larger than the vowel- circle.' ^ for uncom, i;ncon ; as, *~<^ uncommon, -^^ un- confined. This prefix is written on the line. The half-lengthed m, with an n-hook, may be disconnected from the other phonographs in a word, thus: '~^ government, ^ contentment. A word-sign may be used as a prefix, thus: ^ for under, ~ll, undertaken : / for advantage. /-) advan- tageous. AFFIXES. The affixes are written separately, but near the preceding part of the word; as, f for ly ; \^ openly, .W heavenly. o for self, thus : ( thyself; selves, (o tJiem- selves. A \ may be placed after a word, to represent lility ; as, /!' legibility. Enter and inter, prefixes or suffixes which are similar in sound to one of the foregoing, may be represented by the sign already furnished, thus: ^ muy represent enter, as well as inter; ^ may represent incum, as well as incom, incon ; as, -J mttitain, -^ enterprise.^ ^ incumbent. PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 79 A word-sign may be used as an affix, thus : *"v hereafter, <) therefore; or united, thus: ) there- fore. A word-sign may sometimes be joined in the word, thus: ^ understand, -f understood. The hyphen is indicated in a compound word, by two parallel ticks, thus: by two-fold. The following words and phrases arc abreviated, thus : ^c nevertheless, 4- notwithstanding, ^ now, *^ new, knew, *r~ corresponding socif-.ty, /VS" report- ing society. A word-sign may be made plural, by adding the cir ;le, thus : "" thing, ^ things. A consonant stroke disjoined from the preced- ing portion of the word expresses the addition of I ty or r-ty (with any vowel preceding or following the Z.orr). For and in disjoined are written for formality / dis and p disjoined, for disparity ; princ and p disjoined, for principality ; instrtt and mcnt disjoined, for instrumentality. Mcnt is also used for mental as in fundamental. A circle may be used as an affix for soever, as after where for wheresoever / after who for whoso- ever. It is not liable to be confounded with self. In a few such words as postpone, postpaid, rest- less, ttonestly, m.ostly, where t occurs between s and another consonant, t may be omitted without im pairing legibility. WORD-SIGNS OF THE CORRESPONDING STYLE OF PHONOGRAPHY. Words marked with a (*) are written above the line. LIST No. 1. FOR LEARNERS. . A 1 ifc c we* x all* v_/ not* C well and \ of * c were ~Vre 1 oh , what* o as / ~ \be 1 but on ^_^ one i or * <^^/ when * / which , who =can J shall f will - cannot * / should ( that* with * Vv_ r the * ( without ^ from - God* ) the" ^ word - good ^s thing* 3 would V have ( think w ye * x tO n you V I * \ upon f your o is * ) was 1 yours WORD-SIGNS IN CORRESPONDENCE. 81 LIST No. 2. FOR GENERAL USE. e- According* 1 (/ gentleman ' ought * account Phonographj v after e- great -3 pleasure => asrain / N Jiim N* * wl fc *O / alone A how pnncipjj - quite * 1 already* ^ immediate * been /f ~^ im pro ve-ment 3 short* " beyond * kingdom* Ol 1 1 ^ language J SO =- called * ^ Lord * \ spirit * <= care ^\ member \subject come ^ might* e subjection could '- more J)sure 1 dear ^ Mr. * f t e ll 1 * c_difficult-y x-Mny* ( them | do ^ nature (^ then J done ^no C this ) establish jfc ( thought * ^ every \ object (6b) <) three ^ first N^ objection together ^. full ^j? opinion * P told /general <\ opportunity 1 toward WORD-SIGNS IN CORRESPONDENCE. 1 truth J usual u while ^ two "\ way L why* w under ^ went * those - I- down -!\- number ...I though '-)-- during J other ' -~y- through / each ^\- our time *\ either '^v.. onrQ ___v... us v^ ever ---^ -. ourselves" ---)-- Use (verb) . ' ._ few -. own .c value -.[.. had 'N perfect A^- view x huppy c\. TiT*ir*t.ir* L will ( noun) LIST No. 4. OCCASIONAL. ^/ Any* s~\ may -^ reau * -> heard ''^ me * . / tl-.us \ her s-* mind * ...^ ... USe (noan) -, kind * ...l~. out "> very 83 LIST OF CONTBACTIONS OF THE CORRESPONDING STYLE OF PHONOGRAPHY. Words marked witti a (*) are written above the tine. ~7 Acknowledge ^\ now 7 acknowledged*" V v \ Phonetic Society ^ anything* \^ Phonographer because* Vj Phonographic W forward ' v 1 ^ Reporting Soc y . T.. highly* X\ represent ^-6 himself influence* v. several ^J influential* 6^^^ something 1 interest o . ^^v-^ Spelling Reform ^ knowledge "^ surprise ^5" \ manuscript 1 transcript i Mechanics' Insf\ so with transcription, etc /-* myself * j o transgress 'Y*~ natural ^ understand ^ never ^ understood * V nevertheless ^V. whenever v^ new t^^ wherever 84 pHcxcGEArnic TE>ACHKR. WHITING EXERCISE. MILTON'S PARADISE LOST. When Milton wrote his matchless poem of Paradise Lost, the British press was suhject to censorship, and he experienced some difficulty in getting licensed. It was sold to Samuel Simmons, a bookseller, for an immediate payment of five pounds, with a condition that on 1,300 copies being sold, the author should receive five pounds more; and the same for the second and third editions. The second edition was sold, printed 1674. The third edition was published in 1678, for which Simmons gave Milton's widow eight pounds ; so that 18 (about $90) was the eum total paid for the best poem of the first of British poets. Power of Wit. Every faculty has its use and influence, and it is interesting to witness the power of broad humor and frank wH on the public min.l. Is there a more effectual mode of running any ridi- culous opinion or custom out of existence, than by well timed caricature, containing wit and showing up error and folly to the ridicule of the world? Dan Russell, candidate for Auditor, in the State of Mississippi, in one of his speeches, remarks: " Fellow citizens, you have called on me for a few remarks. I have none to make. I have no prepared speech. Indeed I am no speaker. I do not desire to be a speaker. I only want to ba au Auditor" PHONOGRAPHIC TKACTITCB. 85 Again : "LADIES AND GENTLEMEN: I rise but there's rvo use of telling you that ; you know that I am up, as well as I do. I am a modest man very but I have never lost a picayune by it in my life ; because a scarce commodity among candidates. I thought I would mention it, for fear, if I did'nt, you never would hear of it. Candidates are generally considered as nuisances, but they are not ; they are the politest men in the world, shake you by the hand, ask how's your fam- ily, what's the prospect for crops, &c.; and I am the politest man there is in the State. Davy Crockett says, the politest man he ever saw, when he asked a man to drink. -turned his back, so that he might drink as much as he pleased. I beat that all hollow ; I give a man a chance to drink twice if he wishes, for I not only turn around, but shut my eyes. I am not only the politest man, but the best electioneerer : you ought to see me shaking hands with the varia- tions, the pump-handle and pendulum, the cross cut and wiggle-waggle. I understand the science per- fectly, and if any of the country candidates wish instructions, they must call on me. Fellow citizens, I was born if I hadn't been, I wouldn't have been a candidate, but I am a going to tell you where 'twas not in Mississippi, but 'twas on the right side of the negro line ; yet that's no compliment, as the negroes are mostly bca*n on 86 l-liOXOORAPHIC TEACHER. the same side. I started in the world as poor as a church mouse, yet I came honestly by my poverty, for I inherited it, and if I did start poor, no man can't say but that I have held my own remarkably well. Candidates generally ask you, if you think they are qualified, &c. Now, I don't ask your thoughts; .1 ask your votes. Why, there's nothing to think of, except to watch and see that Swan's name is not on your ticket; if so, think to scratch it off, and put mine on. I am certain that I am competent, 'for who ought to kno\v better than I do? Nobod\'. I will allow that Swan is the best Auditor in the State ; that is, till I am elected then perhaps it's not proper for me to say anything more; yet, as an honest man, I am bound to say that I believe it's a grievous sin to hide anything from my fellow-cit- izens; therefore say that it's my private opinion, publicly expressed, that I'll make the best Auditor ever in the United States. 'Tis not for honor I wish to be Auditor; for in my own county I was offered on office that was all honor, Coroner; which I respectfully declined. The Auditor's office is worth some $5,000 a year, and I am in fur it like a thousand of brick. To show my goodness of heart, I'll make this offer to my com- petitor. I am sure of being elected, and he will lose something by the canvass therefore I am will- ing to divide equally with him, and make these two PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 87 offers. I'll take the salary, and he may have the honor or he may have the honor, and I'll take the salary. In the way of honors, I have received enough to satisfy me for life. I went out to Mexico, eat pork and beans, slept in the rain and mud, and swallowed everything except live Mexicans. When I was ordered to "go," I went ; " charge," I charg- ed; and "break for the chaparral" you had better believe I beat a quarter nag in doing my duty. My competitor, Swan, is a bird of golden plu- mage, who has been swimming for the last four years in the Auditor's pond, at $5,000 a year. I am for rotation. I want to rotate him out, and to rotate myself in. There's plenty of room for him to swim outside of that pond ; therefore, pop in your votes for me; I'll pop him out, and pop myself in. I am for a division of labor. Swan says he lias to work all the time with his nose down upon the public grindstone. Four years must have ground it to a pint. Poor fellow ! the public ought not to insist on having the handle of his mug ground clean off. I have a large, full grown nose, and tough :\s sole leather. I rush to the post of duty. I offer it up as a sacrifice. I clap it on the grindstone. Fel- low citizens, grind away grind till I holler enujf^ and that'll be some time first. Time's most out. Well I like to forgot to tell you my name. It's Daniel, (for short Dan ; not ;\ S3 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. handsome name, for my parents were poor people, who lived where the quality appropriated all the nice names; therefore, they had to take what was left and divide around among us but it's as hand- some as I am,) R. Eussell. llcmernber, every one of you, that it's not Swan. I am sure to be elected; so, one and all, great aud small, short and tall, when you come down to Jackson, after the election, stop at the Auditor's office the latch string always hangs out enter without knocking take off your things, and make yourself at home." DAN was elected, by an overwhelming majority. Manual Labor Its Influence upon the Mind. When an invention is made which adds materially to the comfort of men, or a discovery revealing hitherto disguised truths in the natural world, or a book is written full of life and beauty by a working man by one of those obscure toilers who labor for their daily bread, the world is aston- ished! On every side we hear exclamations of surprise. And yet these cases are not so un fre- quent, that there is cause for so much wonder. In the best history of the world, we see that a large proportion of those who have shone as stars in the literary world, or illumined the path=* of scientific knowledge; who have been the ben .'factors of thp ; * TEACHER. 8S race, iho rv.ster-spiri+s of their age; have been toil- ers, tia/e "been b )rn in. obscurity, reared in poverty, and .obliged to work for a livelihood. And, eveu MO\V, we hive men who labor at the anvil and fol- low the plow, and weave the basket and tend tho loom, and yet have strength and time to improve tlieir race ; to send forth strains which elevate and purify, and find a response in every soul. We havo philosophers, statesmen, and orators eloquent, from among the working-classes, who far outstrip men born in affluence, and who make study the business uf life. We should look at these facts intelligently not expressing a vague surprise, or attributing the re- sults we see to mere peculiar genius. We should examine the causes of effects which are apparent to the least observing, and thus ascertain some of the advantages the working-man has over the mere student. The working-man has more physical strength, and the mind and body are so intimately connected, that weakness or inactivity of one generally pro- duces a like manifestation in the other. Mascles strengthened by exercise, and a brain refreshed by pure blood, enable a mind to conceive with clear- ness and act with vigor and force. The student, \vho sits poring over his book all day, has not this fid vantage. His brain, darkened by impure blood, doses lu? thoughts, and throws a shade over the 90 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHEft page before him. Although there may be more romance in a " pale intellectual brow," " weak nerves," and a "fragile form," it requires strong nerves and sturdy health to make long continued mental effort. The delicate lark soars high, but soon falls; it is only the eagle, with broad and strong wing and clear eye, that can sustain long flight in the upper air, and gaze at the sun. To possess a sound mind, we must have a sound body. The working-man is forced to cultivate self-reli- ance. He has nothing to fall back upon; he must. earn his own bread. There is none to lighten his heavy burdens he has to bear them, and they strengthen him. His trials through poverty make more of him. He feels that he is a man nobly independent of others' aid, and self-made men are heroes in the moral world. When he applies his mind to the acquisition of knowledge, he is not dis- couraged by difficulties. He is familiar with them in the outwaixl, and expects them in his inner lift*. He does not think his mind will grow without hard study without systematic application any more than he expects golden harvests without digging his field or sowing seed, or that his arms will ac- quire strength to wield with force the implements of labor, without exercise of their muscles. In his daily occupations, whether he is a farmer or me- chanic, he must study and upfly natural laws', adapt means to an end, watch cause and effect PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 01 He knows that nothing comes to perfection by chance. He has learned that nature's grand secret of success is work, and applies it to his mental pro- gress. The working-man does not go to study as a task. It is not toil to him. Manual labor, when not ex- cessive, invigorates his body, and rouses his mind, out cannot satisfy its wants; and, therefore, it id' recreation it is real pleasure to search the hidden mysteries of knowledge. Ills books are treasures ; no miser ever stole, in the dusky eve, to count his golden stores, with as keen delight as the laborer returns, after each day's toil, to scan the precious pages. The necessity which is laid on him to labor which tears him away from study ere it tries his mind and injures health, is the very thing that makes him return with new avidity, and one reason why he makes such rapid progress. The student wearies of continual mental effort; his mind is weakened. He longs for excitement, and seeks it not in useful labor, which would benefit himself and others, but in the gay circles of pleasure, too of; en in the intoxicating cup, which, for a time, stimulates his mind, and renders its powers more brilliant and active, but hastens ther decay. Such temptations lie not in the path of the worker. The working-man lives more out of himsel The student often has his eyes turned inward, con- tinually watching the operations of his own 02 PHONOGRAPHIC [EACIIER forgetting that to know himself aright he must compare himself with others, and see what are the relations he bears to the outward world. Hence it is, that often the noblest mind "preys on itself, and is destroyed by thought." But the man with a learning mind, who digs the ground or sows the seed, makes rapid progress. lie sees the benevo- lence of God in every opening bud and blushing flower. "The warbling woodland, the resounding shore, The pomp of groves, the garniture of fields" have all a voice for him, which goes to his heart and wakes strange, beautiful thoughts there, lie learns lessons of utility, of design in the natural world, and with a soul enlarged yet humbled, he applies to books and art, the exponents of other men's minds and looks into his own to discover the laws by which it is governed, and the links by which he is bound to his fellow-men. He feels that the elevation of the race should be the aim of every man the end for which all knowledge ia given. He knows that earth, with all its pomp, is " passing away " mind only is immortal ; and there- fore he alone is wise, and in sympathy with the source of all knowledge, who takes the means given to elevate and enlighten first his own mind, then the mind of every human being over whom he has PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 9i> any influence. And not only to believe this, but to act io live it a man must do more than spend a life in study. The working-man also mingles with all classes of society; he sees the workings of the human lieart unrestrained by outward forms; he knows the rudiments of mind, and watches its gradual development, and sees what its wants are, and can in part see what are the yearnings of the human soul that fearful mystery whose depths can be fathomed only by its Creator. The student has not this advantage. He is conversant only with those whose. minds are educated to a certain height, whose manners are adopted, whose souls are veiled, so that their lights and shadows cannot be seen, and therefore where he would instruct and elevate his fellow-men, he often fails. The working-man, therefore, in all ages of the world, has been more successful in doing good, in advancing the interests of humanity, than a man who is learned only in book knowledge. The lat- ter may desire to do as much, but never can accom- plish it ; being ignorant of the material on which he is working. No one can be so good as he who has been governed. No one can speak such worda of encouragement and sympathy to the poor and Buffering as he who has really felt, not imagined, their hardships. It is only he who has taught him- self, who has worked his own path up, that can 9 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. stimulate the ignorant, the friendless, and forgotten* to exertion. Self-reliance means something from him. He has known what it is to be \\ithout a friend; he knows every obstacle which lies in their pathway; they were in his. No one can enter into the feelings, or soothe the weary, wounded spirit of the toiler, as a fellow-laborer can, who has battled with poverty and ignorance, and gained the victory. His hands are strong to uphold his fainting brother. His voice is clear and hopeful to whisper words of cheer. He can point onward and upward while working by his side. The trials and sufferings he met and overcame have fitted him to help others. They formed his character; for, as in the natural world, the richest fruit must be touched by the frost ere it ripens and mellows, so it would seem in the mental world, no character becomes perfect until it is touched by the frosts of suffering. The working-man gives example as well as pre- eopt to the world. He is in it, and of it, and can make himself felt by it, in a manner the student cannot who lives apart from its active scenes. The latter often gets too far above it, and dwells in the regions of fancy or imagination, so that he cannot exert a practical influence. But the man who works as well as studies, is, as it were, midway between heaven and earth near enough to earth to feel with deep sympathy every movement, and near enough to heaven's lujht and knowledge to PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 95 point others to the right way, leading upward. There is no man who reflects and looks into the future with a clear eye, but must discover truths which the great mass of mankind are not prepared to receive calmly. They will not hear them with- out opposition. And here the working-man tri- umphs. He is not afraid to speak wholesome but disagreeable truths. No one can take away his means of livelihood. He has a trade to work at, if his pen fails to support him. His reputation is his own his friends did not put it on him. He is independent. And such men have done much for the world, and their memory is blessed. The stu- dent often conceals what he knows to be true, because he cannot live without his accustomed mode of maintenance, his reputation, and friends. The working-man also exhibits a greater degree of freshness and originality in his writings. There is a naturalness in the thoughts ; they come from the heart and go to other hearts with a force they could not have, if first analyzed by the critic's head. They are as flowers fresh from beside the hedge- row, fragrant and blooming; not flowers taken apart and torn by the botanist. The student who does not let the emotions of kindness those sudden impulses which at times arise in the soul like star- tled birds in a* grove gush forth, but would fiist dissect them, is like a child watching bright bub- bles on a silver stream, and, anxious to know what 5 J)6 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER thoy are made of, puts forth his tiny hand to toucn, but they break, and the charm is gone. The man at work in God's beautiful world gets his heart too full ; his emotions will gush forth, and they fall on other hearts like summer rain on the parched earth, causing every green thing to grow, and the desert to bud and blossom as a rose. As long as time shall last, the pious words of the worker Banyan snail echo through the earth. And the music which gushed from the soul of Burns, as he followed the plow and sang to the " Wee modest crimson-tipped flower," shall never die away until the last soul- chord breaks, for such music is immortal. It has its home in every soul, and vibrates there; but all may not express it. And that noble song, " A man's a man for a' that," will be a watchword for future generations. As the world advances, its workers take a higher position ; the dignity of labor becomes more appa- rent. The land of Franklin has shown what a single nation of workers can do towards civilizing and christianizing a globe! The time draws near when he who does nothing will le nothing, and when there will be no aristocracy but that of labor no noblemen but the workers. Not until then will the beneficral influences of work upon the mind be fully understood. In the clear light of that day will the people of the earth begin to per- ceive the wisdom and goodness of God, who, whec PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHEK. 97 he created man, although a world lay before him to study, yet put him in a garden to " keep and dress" it, and who tempered judgment with mercy when, sending him forth from Edeu,'he made labor pleasant and desirable to him. [American Phrenological Journal. PHRASEOGRAPHY. By an extensive use of phraseograms, phono- graphic writing is executed much more rapidly. They are made by joining word-signs or two or more words together, without raising the pen from the paper, and are governed by a few simple rules; and are as legible as it is possible for writing to be. The first word-sign or word in a phrase should keep its natural position, but the word-signs or words that are joined in the phrase, may take any position that most effectually facilitates the writing. Thus, the phrase: A should have been done. It will be seen here, that the words, have, been, and done t are thrown out of their proper place ; or, in other words, the position they occupy when stand- ing alone. Phraseography is more generally introduced into the reporting style, but a limited nuruber of phrases of the most familiar words in the corresponding style is very convenient. PHONOGRAPHIC TEACH ER. PHRASEOGRAMS. ^- could not, _^_^ could not be C as well as, y for instance, i-^ at the same time, -o as good as, ** as great as, CLP as soon as, *^ you must, L it is not, \ to be, L it is not to be, ^ which would, {_ which would not, {^ wh ich woul d n o t be, * that is, ,>_ yo\i must not, *_, you can, V I have, ^ I have not, I have not had, SL^ I have not seen, I have seen, V we have, V. we have not, we have seen, V we have done, we have not dout I am, I am not, should be, should not be, PHONOGRAPHIC TE.ACHER. fc this is, j so as, J so as to be, ,-K must be, V in such, "> in such a case, ^, long hand, short hand, ^ if it, ^ if not, *) there are, \ there are not, y it should not be, ^ I will not, *" you will not, ^ as far, ^ as far as, % by the. l\ it should be, ^ so as to, as soon as possible, if it had not, I have not, I must have, I must not, I must not have, **- there would not, *-v there would not have been, I with which it is, L with which it is not, with which it we uld have been, ^ are not, ,.. as it were, x\ responsible, 100 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. The following exercise may be written entirely with the word-signs, and will make a practical application of most of them. WRITING EXEROISE. Establishments for improvement, and for know- ledge-in-general, are very important things in a kingdom ; and the more so, where it-is usual with- them to represent and acknowledge good principles. A phonographic establishment, in particular, is not- only an immediate advantage to every gentleman who-is a member of it, but to all. According to general opinion, phonography is a subject we should all have pleasure in, and think upon; without it, language is not what-it-should-be : a remark in- which there-is great truth, and to-which there-can- be no objection. How, or on-what principle, can we-be good or great without-improvement? Re- member that every thing is an object of-importance that comes under it ; and, beyond all, that the sure- Word (of the) Lord God was given for improve- ment. After what-I-have-told-yv. a, are-there yet objec- tions to-it ? Were there, an account of-them would already have-been given. Great and good things cannot come together without-improvement. Should I-be told-that it-may -have-been-so, I-shall remark- that, from what-I-know (of the) general spirit of all. PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. 101 the truth is as I-have given it, nor-can you object to-it. In short, gentlemen, establish it as jour first principle, that-you-will-not give up; but, as you- have opportunity, do all that-can-be-done towards improvement in everything ; so will you give pleas- ure, not-to-me-alone, but to all. NOTES FOR THE STUDENT. LABOR. " Nothing good without labor," is writ- ten all over the intellectual heavens. Let no per- son suppose that phonography will be acquired by dreaming over it. The much-coveted art of short- hand is to be attained only by persistent study and practice. Hearty, energetic labor is not half so tiresome as a lounging, yawning, listless shirking. There is always a Sabbath for the determined work- er, but for the persistent shirker there is a trouble forever. If there is any thing that troubles you, seek not to avoid it : meet it and master it. And so proceed in your studies, and the art will soon be acquired. For the want of this lesson many hare doubtless relinquished phonography, just as they liave every thing else which they were not com- pelled to pursue, and have lost the numerous advantages of an art which is easily acquired, 102 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACHER. provided it be studied with the determination to master it. REPORTING STYLE. The student should not make any attempt to write in the reporting style till the corresponding style can be written and read with ease. It is not well even for the reporter to write very contracted forms. Those forms which occupy the least space are frequently the most difficult to write. To avoid an excess of contractions, vocalize fully for some time, making it a general rule that a word- form which can not be fully and easily vocal- ized should not be employed. With this rule in view, such words as bear, J>ar, far, fall, feel, will not be written with the I and r hook-signs, but with full phonographs. With few exceptions, the best corresponding forms are best for reporting. The prin- ciples of the reporting style are fully developed in the " Reporter's Manual," from which work numer- ous persons throughout America have learned to write with the rapidity of speech. An accomplish- ment so valuable the majority of phonographera will strive to acquire, though, perhaps, they are not intending to become professional reporters. PIIONOGKAPHIC JOURNAL. Just as soon as the read- ing exercises given in this book can be easily read, the student should subscribe for the ^Phonograph-- ic Magazine, " or some other phonographic jour- nal. It will supply reading and writing exercises, PHONOGRAPHIC TEACH FB. 103 furnish useful and entertaining matter, point out the pronunciation with greater definiteness than the ordinary pronouncing dictionaries, answer your queries, dispel your doubts, remove your difficul- ties, give you the best outlines, and guard against those that are incorrect in fine, render easy the acquisition of an art " whose usefulness," says Dr. Johnson, " is not confined to any particular science or profession, but is universal." The " Phonographer" may be made serviceable in this manner : Copy out of it an article into long- hand (phonetic longhand is best, as it accustoms the pupil to phonetic analysis) ; transcribe the article into phonetic shorthand without looking at the " Phonographer ;" compare this shorthand copy with the original ; correct the errors, if any, and re-write. Tin's course should be continued so long as there are any errors to correct, when another ar- ticle should be copied. Assiduous practice of this kind for a few weeks will fix the forms of the more frequent and effective words of the language. It will also be useful to copy into shorthand the pho- netic print furnished in the "Phonographer." In this case the pupil has the phonetic analysis of each word provided for him. PHONOTYPY AND PHONETIC LONGHAND are based upon the principle of a sign for each elementary sound no more, no less. Therefore, double letters 104 PHONOGRAPHIC TEACH KB are employed in phonetic print and phonetic long hand for those double sounds (diphthongs) which are expressed in phonography (for stenographic rea- sons) by single letters, such as ch (composed of t and &h\ j (composed of d and zli), pi, jw, t?', dl. I, oi, ou, ew. It will be observed that j is used for zh, as in French. The complete alphabet is as follows : 01 w; food; H u; LONG VOWELS. * I 8 f; Xi ^| O O, Q 9, & f r, go, Ae, edfire, *ing, /et, ?ne, io, pie, roar, o, fa, tie, tee, yet, s ' i,. 1 ' r ^ Y ( -^v.; < -; r f T / f" * ^'- 107 s ( 4. C ^ J ' v -**,' ^ > - \ ^ X v . k..J V * f . \ r t \ . ^ /TV , ' . / r -f - J, .1 ^ V V C ^ '. 4r*~~ 108 V ^ < s ^ w \ \ . \r \ \ \_ V _* v 60 0. 40 . , . J X I ) , ' *-^' \ ,. ' ^ i-/v / ^^^y ^ * ) r^.'v- r't \ ( ^ . ( ( . i -) fV., ' ; -I \_ - V \ N Y* C ^.:. f,- \ I ^. X U ^ fc 5 . n *> ' C V v > c- ; > 1> U, I c - , > A* x " > iEules for the (pof maiion oj* Sood ^abiis. ** 6 \ _ b \ . ~V' , \\.-..i\-t-r ' r V-N \_^^. 9 ^y ' ^ ' I ^^ ^ 10 ^_ 1 ^ v \ ^ v r K, 11 ^v ^x .^ / . L2 VV - N\ X ; t ^ . "- V*. I Ill 1 < f , T ' v_, *> ^ ; 9 V V >T v \ 1 L > U'. V^ J, ^ w^- f ;- S < * - N. . ( -I N / ><,' l- , C- \ \ ) " V .1 % ) , ' ^ ^\ , -x^"> '\ ' ^ ) ^ , I ) K X fc - \ f Popular Books sent Free of Postage at the Prices annoyed. Chesterfield's Art of Letter-Writing Simplified. A Guide to Friendly, Affectionate, Polite, and Business Correspondence. Containing a large collection of the most valuable information, relative to i rt of .Letter- Writing, with clear and complete instructions how to be- g.n and end Correspondence, Rules for Punctuation and Spelling, &c., to- gether with numerous examples of Letters and Notes oa every subject of Epistolary Intercourse, with several important hints on Love-Letters. Plice ............................................................. 12 cts. EjlOWiSOn's Farrier, and Complete Horse Doctor. We have printed a new and revised edition of this celebrated book, which contains Knowlsou's famous Recipe lor the Cure of Spavin, and other new matter. It is positively the best book of the kind ever written. We sell it cheap, because of the immense demand for it. The farmers and horse keepers like it because it gives them plain, common-sense directions how to manage their horses. We sell our new-edition (64 pages, 18mo)cheap. Price.. -IS cts. The Art Of Conversation. With Kemarks on Fashion and Address. By Mrs. MABERLY. This is the best book on the subject ever published. It contains nothing that is verbose or difficult to understand, but all the instructions and rules for conversation are given in a plain and common-sense manner, so that any one, however dull, can easily compre- hend them. 64 pages octavo, large. Price ---------- ......... ____ 25 cts. Horse-Taming by a New Method, as Practiced by J. S. Rarey. A New and Improved Edition, containing Mr. Ilarey's whole Secret of Subduing and Breaking Vicious Horses, together with his improved Plan of Managing Young Colts, and Breaking them to the Saddle, the Har- ness and the Sulkey, with ten Engravings illustrating the process. Every person who keeps a horse should buy this book. It costs but a trifle, and you will positively find it an excellent guide in the management of that noble animal. This is a very handsome book of 64 pages. Price-.- 12 cts. The G-ame Of Whist. Rules, Directions and Maxims to be observed in playing it. Containing, also, Primary Rules for Beginners, Explanations and Directions for Ol' I Players, and the Laws of the Game. Compiled from Hoyle and Matthews. Also, Loo, Euchre, and Poker, as now generally played. With an explanation of Marked Cards, &c., &c. Price - ____________________ ........ ___ .................... 1J? cts. The Ladies' Love Oracle; or, Counselor to the Fair Sex.. Being a Complete Fortune Teller and Interpreter to all questions upon the different events and situations of lite, but more especially relating to all circumstances connected with Love, Courtship and Marriage. By MADAMK LE MARCUAxn. Beautifully illustrated cover, printed in colors. Price ..................... .". ...................................... 30 cts. The Laws Of Love. A Complete Code of Gallantry. Containing c^mi-e rules for the conduct of Couri ship through its entire progress, aphorisms <>1 love, rules for telling the characters and dispositions of women, remedies for love, and an Epistolary Code. 12mo, paper. Price ............................................................. 25 cts. The Great Wizard of the North's Hand-Book of Natural Magic. Being a series of the Newest Tricks of Deception, ar- ' ranged for Amateurs and Lovers of the Art. By Professor J. H. ANDF.HSON-, ' the great Wizard of tue North. Price ........................... 25 cts. Send cash orders to Dick & Fitzgerald, New York. Madam Le Normand's Unerring Fortune-Teller* Containing the celebrated Oracle of Hunwn Destiny, or Book of Fate being nn accurate Interpreter of the Mystical Signs and Heavenly Bodies; also embracing the French, Italian and English methods of Telling F< r- tunes with Cards, and a new and entertaining process of Fortune Telling xv:t'iDieo; also containing seventy-nine good and bad Omens, with their Interpretation, one hundred and eighty-seven Weather Omens, and the Signification of all the Male and Female Names in our language. This interesting and curious book was written by MADAM LF. NORMAXD, the great French Fortune-Teller, who was frequently consulted l>y the F. Of Napoleon, and it differs entirely from any other book published J n this country. Those purchasing it will find it to be a source of much enter'nm- ir.cnt and fun in the family circle. This book contains 144 pages, and is bound in pasteboard sides, with cloth back. It is illustrated with numer- ous engravings. It also contains a large Colored Lithographic Engraving of the Mystical Table, or Chart of Fate, which folds up. Pr.ce- 4O Live and Learn : A guide for all those who \vish to speak and write correctly ; particularly intended as a Book of Reference for the .Dilution of difficulties connected with Grammar, Composition, Punctua- tion, &c., &c., containing examples of one thousand mistakes of daily oc- currence, in speaking, writing, and pronunciation. 216 pages, cloth, l.mo, Price 75 The Harp of a Thousand Strings ; or-, L "/,//)V r far a ]jf<'!ime. A large book of nearly 400 pages. By tlie author of Mrs. Partington's Carpet-Bag of Fun. Bound in a handsome gilt cover. Containing more than a iirlhon lairrhs, and crowded full of Funny s besides being illustrated with over Two llundred Comical Engravings, by Uarley, M :Lennan, Bellew, &c. Price ;-.-jfl Anecdotes Of Love. Being a true account of the most iv- markaWe events connected with the History of Love in nil Ages and among all Nations. By LOLA MONTEZ, Countess of Landsfeklt. Large, cloth. Prk-e $1 O Narratives and Adventures of Travelers in Africa. By ruARi.Es WILLIAMS, lisa. 12mo, cloth, gilt back. Profusely illustrated with engravings. Price . '. $3 OO The Book of 1 ,000 Comical Stories ; or, ,>m!e Tocnlist and Stump Orator, Tony Pastor. Bonnd In Boards, and cloth back. Price $1 00 Send cash orders to DioJi & Fitzgerald, New York. Popular Books sent Free of Postage at the Prices annexed. Di.y's American Ready-Reckoner. r,;ntniriu<.r I Tables for rapid o-.ile.u'ations of Aggregate A i, Salaries, I Intero.-'t. Mn y, ATI-., &o. Also, Tables of ii.>- Measurements, with full explanations how to measure tli in, e.thrr l>y the square foot (board measure) or cubic foot (timb r m.M.-ur<). Also ; . are AVood by the Cord, with Tables applicable to piles of AVo >1 df any e, and. showing iu a simple manner h nts in N of a pile of any shape. Also, Tables of Land Mea uremen'.s, showing the Contents of a Piece of Land of almost any shape, from ii quarter a en; up to ten acres, and telling eta tly how to measure Ian 1 in auyq' by Chains and Links or by Yards and Feet. Also telling ho-,v fiecp of Land in deedin; it. Also giving information as to acquir' n'i a Farm on the Public Lands of tin 1 t'nivd states, l;,- l;. II DAY. This Ueady-lleckoner iscomposed of Original T.i invcly correct, having been revised in the most careful manner. It is a book of 192 pages, and embraces moro.mat.er than 500 pages of any other Reckoner. Bound in boards, with cloth ba"k. Price - 50 cts. Bound in cloth, gilt back. Price - 75 cts. Bound in leather tuck* (pocket-book style). Price '--$1 00 Martine's Letter-Writer and Etiquette Com- bined. For the USE of L-id-.cs ; nd Uentlemcn. 12mo., cloth, eilt .s, back. A great many books have been printed on the : inettu and correct behavior in society, but none of them arc su:!i ien'. ly > hemivo and matter-of-fact to t -of people who may l-e called now beginners in fashionable life. This book is entirely different from others in that respect. It explain; in a ; lain, common-sen.-o way, precisely bow to conduct yourself in every position in society. This br,,>k over 300 sensible letters and notes suitable to every occasion in life, and is frobab'v the best treatise on Letter- Writing that his ever been printed, t gives easily understood directions, that are brief and to the point. It j >me excellent model letters of friendship and business, and its model Love-Letters are unequalcd. If any lady or gentleman desires to know how to begin a love correspondence, this is just the book they w int. T!rs volume contains the same matter as "Martinis Hand-Book of K'iqiietie" and "Marline's Sensible Letter- Writer," ;ind, in t'.; t, < in lines those two bowks bound together in one substantial volume of 373 pages. $1 50 The Independent Liquorist ; or, The Art of Manu- facturing all kinds of Syrups, Bitters, Cordials, Champagne, Wiu"s, Lag-^r Baer, Ale, Porter, Beer, Punches, Tinctures, Extracts, Brandy, Gin, Essences, Flavoring:?!, Colorings, Sauces, Catsups, Pickle^, rr_-S3rve8, etc. 1'y r>- MOSZHKT, Pr.-u-t:- Cii LiquoriM and i':i m.. -t. Kvery Dnr^v'^st, Oroc.T, K.^tauraut, t k-?eper, Farmer, Fmit Dealer, Wine Merchant, and every private family should have a cop . of this work. It gives the mo-t ap-irovnd a true description of the manner in which our most popular In prepared, in such plain terms, that the most inexperiences manufacture as well as the practical man, without the aid of any expensive apparatus. 12mo., cloth. Price S3 00 Miner's Domestic Poultry Book. - History, Breeding avrl General Management of Foreign and I)>>mrs!ic Fr>ir?s. By T. B. MINT.R, author of " American Bee-Keeper s Manual," env all the lato Importations of Fowls, and being df saviptions by the best Fowl Fanciers in tho United S^ates, of all the most valuable breeds, with the au- thor's extensive exTierien'.-o ns a hree.lcr, together with selected m < interest, comprising, at it is believed, the most complete and authentic work on the subject ever published. Illustrated with numerous Portraits from Life. Bound in cloth. Price $1 50 Send Cash orders to Dick & Fitzgerald, Now York. Popular Books seat free of Postage at the Prices annexed. The Parlor Stage. A collection of Drawing-Room Proverbs, id Tableaux Vivants. By Miss S. A. FKOST. The authoress of this attra-.-tive volume li;is ]>eii'ormed hrr ta-k with skill, talent, and wo : s.iy with genim ; for the Acting Charades and Proverbs are really minor dramas of a high order of merit. There are twenty-four of them, and fourteen tableaux, all of which are excellent. The characters are ad- m.rably drawn, well contrasted, and the plots and dialogues much better than tlicse of many popular pieces performed at the public theatres. Any jinrlor wuh folding or%liding doors is suitable for their representation (or, if tlit-re are no sliding or folding doors, a temporary curtain will answer). The dresses are all those of modern society, and the scenery and properties can be easily provided from the resources of almost any family residence in t > ,vn or country. The book is elegantly got up, and we commend it heart- young gentlemen and ladies who wish to beguile the long winter even-ngs with a species of amusement at once interesting, instructive and amusing. 368 pages, small ostavo, cloth, gilt side and back, beveled edges. Trice .............................................................. $1 50 The Combination Fortune-Teller and Dictionary of Dreams. Being a comprehensive Encyclopedia, explaining all tne different methods extant by which good and evil events, and questions of L >ve and Matrimony are foretold by moans of Cards, Dice, Dominoes, :s, Tea-leaves and Coffee-grounds ; also, prognostications by Chirms, Ceremonies, Omens, and Moles, the * Features and Form, Lines of the Hands, Spots on the Body, Lucky and Unlucky Days, etc: to which nre a IJeJ, a description of the Divining or Lu kUoo, the Golden Wheel of Fortune, The My.-tioal TaMe or Chart of Fate, the Ladies' Love Oracle, .fun's Orseulum, the Language of Flowers, one hundred and eighty- l a complete Dictionary of Dreams with their in- terpretuti' >!!.=, containing 430 pages and illustrated with numerous engrav- ing an 1 two lnr.re colored Lithoeraphs. The wholecombining " Madame Le X i :n:ir. I's Unerring Fortune-Teller," "Fontaine's Golden WTieel Fortunc- 'IV'l'er," and " Madame LeMarchand's Fortune-Teller and Dreamer's Dictionary." .12mo., cloth. Price -------------------------------- $1 25 De "Walden's Ball-Boom Companion; or, Danc- ing Ma^e Easy. A Complete Practical Instructor in the art of Danc- in'-r. containing all the fashionable and approved Dances, directions for c-illinf; the Figures, &c. By E.MII.E DE WALDEX, Teacher of Dancing. i'Ook gives instruction, in Deportment, KuJiments and Positions, Bows and Courtesies, Fancy Dancing, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Minue's, Jigs, Span- ish Dances, Polka, Schottisi he, Galop, Deux Temps, Danish, Rcdowa, vienne, Hop, &c., together with all the newest "Waltzes and Quad- rilles in vouue. It also contains complete directions for all the figures of the celebrated " GERMAN," or Cotillion. Bound in boards, cloth back. Price ............................................................ SO cts. "Walker's Cribbage Made Easy. Bein- a new and complete Treatise on the pame in all varieties ; including the whole of An- thony Pasquin's scientific work on Five-Curl Cribbage. By GEORGE "\VALKF.R, ESQ. Tins is a very comprehensive work on this Game, being the m ; i~t complete ever written. " It contains over 500 examples of how to dis- card, for your own and your adversary's crib. Small octavo, 1-12 i in boards, with muslin back. Price ------------------------ 75 cts. Bound in cloth, gilt side. Price ................................... $1 00 Silt LovineiOOd. Yarns spun by "A Xr-t'ral Born Durn'd Fool." "Warped and "Wove for Public Wear by GEOIIGK "ST. HARRIS. Il- lustrated with eight fine full-papre enjrr.ivinsrs from designs by HOWARD. This book is crammed full of the most laughable stories ever published. 12mo., tinted paper, cloth, beveled eflzcs. Price -------- .......... SI 75 Sand "a ordsra to Dlo': ^ Fi'zjarald, ITo -w Tor";. FORTUNE TELLERS & DREAM BOOKS. Fontaine's Golden Wheel Dream Book and For- TUNE TELLER. By FELIX FONTAJXE, Fortune-Teller and Aatrologer. Being tho most complete book on Fortune Telling .md Interpreting I ever printed. Each Dream has tho LUCKY NUMBER which tha DrMIB signi- fies attached to it, and those who wish to purchase Lottery Tickets will do ' well to consult them. This hook also informs you how to TKI.I. FOKII NES with the Golden Wheel, Cards, Ifice ami J' unin'ifs * how to find where to dig for water, coal, oil, aud all kinds of metals, with the celebrated DIVINING ROD ; Charms to make your Sweetheait love you ; to make your Lovi r pop the question; together with Twenty Ways of Telling Fe.: tunes on Xew Year's Eve. This book contains 114 pages, and is hound in pasteboard M.les, with cloth back. It is illustrated with numerous entrravinps. It also contains a large Colored Lithographic Engraving of the Golden Whrel, which folds up. It is the cheapest on. our list. Price 40 cts. L9 Marchand's Fortune Teller and Dreamer's DICTIONARY. Containing a complete Dictionaryof Dreams alpha heli- cally arranged, with a clear interpretation of each Dream, and the Lucky Numbers that belong to them. Also showing how to 1 by the "Wonderful and Mysterious Lady's Love Oracle. How to Foretell the Sex an I Dumber of Children. How to Mnke a Lover or Sweetheart Come 10 You. To tell whether your Lover or Sweetheart Loves you. How to tell any Person's Age. To 'know who your future Husband will be, :>.nd how eoon y<;u will Ve Married. To ascertain whether your II usbund or "Wife is True to You. How to tell Future Events with Cards, Dice, Tea and Coffee Grounds, Eggs, Apple Tarings, and the Lines of the Hand. How to tell a Person's Character by Cabalistic Calculations, &c. By MADAMK I.E MAII- CHAXD, the celebrated Parisian Fortune Teller. Illustrate. 1 with numerous "Wood Engravings. This book contains 144 pages, and is bound in paste- board, with cloth back. Trice . - 40 cts. Pettengill's Perfect Fortune Teller and Dream BOOK ; or. The Art of Discerning Future Events. This is a most complete Fortune-Teller and Dream Book. It is compiled with great care from authorities on Astroloey, Geology, Chiromancy, Necromancy, Spiritual Philosophy, &C., &c. Among the subjects treated of are Casting Nativities by the Stars. Telling Fortunes by Lines on the Hand, by Moles on the Body, by Turning Cards, by Questions of Destiny, by Physi. al Appea : by UttO Day of Birth, &c. Signs of Character from the Shape of the Finger Nails, the Nose, the Eyes, the Marks on the Body, the Shape of the Head ; and also Signs to Choose Husbands and ^Vives, ice. A book of 144 pi -res, bound in boards, with cloth back. Price - 40 cts. The Everlasting Fortune Teller and Magnetic DREAM BOOK. Containing; the Sciences of Foretelling Events by the Signs of the Zodiac. Lists of Lucky ;md Unlucky Days. List of Fortunate Hours. The Science of Foretelling Events ky Cards, Dice, Domino The Science of Foretelling anything in the Fu-.ure by Dreams; -;nd also con- taining NAPOLEON'S OUACULVM, or tho Book of Fate. Price only. -30 cts. The Magician's Own Book. Being a Handbook of Parlor Magic, and containing several hundred amusing Magical. netical, Electrical and Chemical Experiments, Astonishing Transmul Wonderful Sloight-of-Hand and Card Tricks, Curiovs an 1 Perplexing Puz- zles, Quaint Questions in Numbers, &c., together with all tho mcs,t noted Tricks of Modern P-Tformers. Illustrated with over 500 Wood Eiiar""' 1 ^, 12mo., cloth, gilt side and back stamp, 400 pages. Price I.$l 6O Copies of the above books seui free of postage ou receipt ot pries. Popular Books sent Free of Postage at the Prices annexed. Cpurteney's Dictionary of Abbreviations ; Literary, Scientific, Commercial, Ecclesiastical, Military, If aval, Legal and Medical. A book of reference 3,000 abbreviations for the solution of all literary mysteries. By EDWARD S. C. COURTENEY, Esq. This is a very useful book. Everybody should get a copy. Price 12 c ts. Blunders in Behavior Corrected. A Concise Code of Deportment for both sexes. Price 12 cts " It will polish, and refine either sex, and is Chesterfield superseded." Home Companion, Five Hundred French Phrases. Adapted for those who aspire to speak and write French, correctly. Price 12 cts. How to Detect Adulteration in Our Daily Food and Drink. A complete analysis of the frauds and deceptions practiced upon articles of consumption, by storekeepers and manufacturers ; with full directions to detect genuine from spurious, by simple and inexpensive means. Price .... ... . ..... 12 cts. The Young Housekeeper's Book ; or, How to Have a Good Living upon a Small Income, Price ., .12 cts How to be Healthy ; Being a Complete Guide to. Long Life. By a Retired Physician. Price .. 12 cts. How to Cut and Contrive Children's Clothes at a Small Cost. "With numerous explanatory engravings. Price.. .12 cts. HOW to Talk and Debate ; or, Fluency of Speech Attained without the Sacrifice of Elegance and Sense. Price 12 cts. HOW to Dress With Taste. Containing Hints on the harmony of colors, the theory of contrast, the complexion, shape or hight. trice 12 Cts. Mind ~5Tour Stops. Punctuation made plain, and Compo- sitiL/n simplified for Headers, "Writers and Talkers. This little book is worth ten times the price asked for it, and will teach accurately in everything, from the diction of a friendly letter to the composition of a learned treatise. Trice 12 cts. Hard Words Made Easy. Eules for Pronunciation and Accent ; with instructions how to pronounce French, Italian, German, Russian, Danish, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, add other foreign names. A capital work. Price ...12 cts. Bridal Etiquette. A Sensible Guide to the Etiquette and Observances of the Marriage Ceremonies ; containing complete directions for Bridal Receptions, and the necessary rules for bridesmaids, groomsmen, sending cards, &e-, &c. Price 12 cts. How to Behave ; or, The Spirit of Etiquette. A Complete Guide to Polite Society, for Ladies and Gentlemen ; containing rules for pood behavior at the dinner table, in the parlor, and in the street ; with important hints on introduction, conversation, Occ. Price .---12 cts. The Chairman and Speaker's Guide ; or, Eules for the Orderly Conduct of Public Meetings. Price 12 Ct. Send cash orders to Dick & Fitzgerald, New York. Popular Books sent Free of Postage at the Prices annexed. Dr. Valentine's Comic Lectures; or, J/br. Mirth for the Melancholy. A budget of Wit and Humor, un I a certain cure for the blues and all other serious complaints. < (,'omic Lectures on Heads, Faces, Noses, Mouths, Animal Maimi-u^m, Etc., with Specimens ef Eloquence, Transactions of Learned Societies, 1 )d:i' ation- nf Eccentric Characters, Comic Songs, Etc., Etc. 13y Dr. W. VALIO the favorite Delineator of Eccentric Chnnyters. Illustrated wi'h twelve portraits of Dr. Valentino, in his most celebrate-.! characters. 12ni<>, cloth, gilt. Price SI 25 Ornamental paper cover. Price : 75 cts. Dr. Valentine's Comic Metamorphoses. Being the second series of Dr. Valentine's Lectures, with Characters, as piven l>y the late Yankee Hill. Embellished with numerous portraits. Ornamontal paper cover. 1'rice 75 cts. Cloth, gilt. Price $1 25 Mrs. Partington's Carpet-Bag of Fun. A Collec- tion of over one thousand of the most Comical Stories, Amusing Adven- tures Side-Splitting Jokes, Cheek-Extending Poetry, Funny Conundrums, QUEER SAYINGS OF MRS. PARTINGTON, Heart-Uending Puns "Witty Repartees, Etc., Etc. The whole illustrated by about 150 comic woodcuts. l^iiio,300 pages, cloth, gilt. Price - SI 25 Ornamented pa per covers. Price 75 cts. Sam Slick in Search of a "Wife. 12mo, paper. Price 73 Cts. Cloth. Price $1 25 Everybody has heard of " Sam Slick, the Clockmaker," and he has given his opinion on almost everything.- Sam Slick's Nature and Human Nature. L.ir^ 12mo. Paper. Price 75 cts. Cloth. Price $1 25 The Attache; or, Sam Slick in England. 12mo. Paper. Price - 75 cts. Cloth. Price $1 25 Sam Slick's Sayings and Doings. Paper. Price 75 cts. Cloth. Price $1 25 Ladies' Guide to Crochet. By Mrs. ANN S. STEPHENS. Copiously illustrated with original and very choice designs in Crochet, Etc., printed in colors, separate from the letter-press, on tinted paper. Also with numerous wood-cuts, printed with the letter-press, explanatory of terms, Etc. Bound in extra cloth, gilt. This is by far the best work on the subject of Crochet ever published. Price $1 25 The Laughable Adventures of Messrs. Brown, Jones and Robinson. Showing where they went nnd how they went ; what they did and how they did it. "With nearly two hundred 1 most thril- lingly comic engravings. Price 30 cts. The Knapsack Full of Fun ; or, One 7 of Laughter. Illustrated with over 500 comical Engravings, and contain- in* over one thousand Jokes and Funny Stories. By DOESTIC-KS and other witty writers. Large quarto. Price 30 cts. The Plate of Chowder; AD'ishfor Fu><, . Ap- propriately illustrated with 100 Comic Engravings. By the author of "Mrs. Partington's Carpet-Bag of Fun." 12mo, paper cover. Price 25 cts. Send cah. orders to Dick & Fitzgerald, New York. Popular Books sent Free cf Postage at the Price* annexed. clie's Manual Of CheSS. Containing a description nf the Board and the Pieces, Chess Kotation, Technical Terms with dia- grams illustrating them. Relative Value of the Pieces, Laws of the Game, General Observations on the Pieces, Preliminary Games for Beginners, Fifty Openings of Games, giving all the latest discoveries of modern Mas- ters, with best games and copious notes. Twenty Endings of Games, show- ing easiest ways of effecting Checkmate. Thirty-six ingenious Diagram Problems and Sixteen curious Chess Stratagems. To which is added a Treatise on the Games of liackgammon, Russian Backgammon and Dom- inoes, the whole being one of the best Books for Beginners ever published. By Is". MARATHE, Chess Editor of "Wakes' Spirit of the Times." Bound in hoards, cloth back. Price 5O cts. Bound in cloth, giltside. Price 75 cts. Book Of Household Pets. Containing valuable in- stnif-tions a>iout the Diseases, Breeding, Training and Management of the Canary, Mneking liird, Brown Thrush, or Thrasher, Bluebird, Yellow Bird, Scarlet Tanager, Bobolink, Baltimore Oriole, European Blackbird, Blue Jay, Blue and Yellow Macaw, Carolina Parrakeet, Cockatoo, Green and Gray Parrot, and the rearing and management of all kinds of Pigeons and Fancy Poultry, Rabbits, Squirrels, Guinea Pigs, White Mice, and Dogs; together with a Comprehensive Treatise on the Principle and Management of the Salt and Fresh Water Aquarium, with instructions how to make, lay the Foundation, and sto'-k the Tank. Illustrated with 123 fine wood-cuts. Bound in boards, cloth back. Price . 50 cts. Bound in cloth, gilt side. Price 75 cts. Athletic Sports for Boys. A Repository of Graceful Recreations for Youth, containing clear nnd complete instructions in Gym- mstic. Limb Exercises, Jumpinsr, Pole Leaping, Dumb Bells, Indian Clubs, Parallel Burs, the Horizontal Ear, The Trapeze, The Suspended Ropes, Skating, Swimming, Rowing, Sailing, Horsemanship, Riding, Driving, Angling, Fencing and Broadsword. The whole splendidly illustrated with 194 fine wood-cuts and diagrams. Bound in boards, with cloth bark. Price 75 cn receipt ot" i.r. e. 1ARY FACILITY J Q/^\ /-\ mm mi inn in"""" 1 ~ nr - A 000 570 405 r PVo'Por1r>y TV/Tciorirvian nr fhv TTundrrd Tricks for the Draw- :elianepus Collection of Con- , Dominoes, Cards, Ribbons, ., all of which may be Per- >ut the aid of any apparatus ; cceptions, which Ay be per- ____^^___^___^_ e whole illustraf'cj. and clear- f re, price 30 cts. SOcts. ( Hundred Home ( irious Collection of Riddles, ) anspositions, Conundrums, 1 >ns in Arithmetic, Fireside / ining Amusements in Mag- I i Kecreations in Science for j ty engravings. Paper covers,* \ 30. I 5O cts. | Containing an Explana- ) 25 6 ' the Family Circle as a Ee- ch merely require attention, which have for their objects _ . opportunity is aiforded to 185 O8L wledge of certain Sciences, r Evening Amuscmpnt, etc. SO cts. 50 cts. aining Explanations of }ards ever invented, embra- -hand ; by the aid of Mrm- )f the Cards ; by the aid of id of Prepared Cards. The seventy engravings. Paper SO cts. -59 cts. ings' Entertainment. C'on- ^.ctinp Charades, or Drawing aux Tivants, &c. ; with In- . .^tupre and Curtain ; how to ing tip " of Characters, Ex- tc. Illustrated with Enara- ) 30ns. 1 50 cts. / IZZleS. Containinc: a larpfB jaUflctlon "oT enfcrtalfiMg i-araao5es"Terplexing Deception in nv.ui- bers, and Amusing Tricks in Geometry. By the author of " The Sociable," " The Secret Out," " The Magician's Own Book." Illustrated with ;i Great Variety of Engravings. This book will have.a large sale. It will furnish Fun and Amusement for a whole winter. Paper covers, price 30 cts. Bound in boards, with cloth back 5O cts. DICK & FITZGERALD, IS Ana. St., NT. T. Copiei of tbe above booki ent to anj addreu ib tb. U. S. free of posikge on receipt of prie*. GO OB BOOKS of !*>.-;( ri^o at tlie IPrioes : 1 e Mare'uaiid's Fortune Teller and Dream Book, 35 cts '.Tie Young Reporter ; or, How to Write Shor Hand, 35 Brisbane's Golden Ready-Reckoner , ,----- - - 35 The American Hoyle; or, Gentleman's Book of Gam as, 2 00 The Eookof Riddles, and 500 Amusements, - c -*--50 The Pailo" Magician, 2DO Illustrations, 50 I rlor Ti icks with Cards, 50 Hillgn j's "Ball Room Guide, ---75 i'etteng ,11's Fortune Teller and Dream Bool:, - - Cheste -"Tield's Etiquette and Letter Writer .- -.hired, - 35 Ft nt;j i's Golden Wheel Dream Book jix.3. <.-> m,e Teller, - - Ev3r a ^*t? Fu-<;une Teller and Magner* . 'ook, 30 lOOGr : . ' Tricks TOtli Card* Ex- 25 " WilJv- r " r "isagesof S,-::)-. 13 T\ ' .' -oil p. Mc^it r of Frscma..ji.a... , -1 00 r, Etiqaotteaid . . ~><> ^ ^' i jrtima Teller of Love, coarts'-.ip, an 1 Marn : .-: . 'W t( j*Uy V liist, Euchre, Loo, and Poker, Horse" 1 ling, as practiced by J. H. Rarey, 13 ilEOwl :. ' Complete Farrier and Horse Doctor, 13 Al-T&a ~ ar-Tur Circle; or, How to Will a Sweetheart or Lover, --25 Pook ., . fireside Games for Home Amusement, - - o > Book of 500 Curious Puzzles, with 100 Illustration;. lO ',' 13 Secret Out; or, 1,000 Tricks with Cards, 150 II >w to ifix Eriaks, containing 800 R?^es, 2 50 O Mte .field's Art of letter- Writing Simplified,- 13 .^L,'v,-s of Love; or. How to Conduct a Courtship,--- - 25 , w \, Woo and How to Win ; or, Rules for C-.inrto'iip, - Rl \ uette, with Rules for Bridesmaids, - - Howt( ahave; or, The Spirit of Etiqin Mind\onr Stops; or, Punctuation Made Plain, 1J Dictionary of 3,000 Abbreviations, 13 Blunders in Benavior Corrected - 13 How to Talk and Debate, --- Ladies' G^ida to Beauty, containing over 500 Recipes,- -- I 1 die- ~V.de to Crochet. Cloth, Gilt, --- - : " =>& ;an Home Cook Bool: 30 .1 ; or, 1,000 Mistakes in Spor king and Writing - -- 75 asonary Expos ed and Explained, - - - te T- ...;y, and How to Wrestle,- - 13 . -d< rasy ; or, *be Art of Making Love fully Explained, 1J- ' ' n ' < Beauty. Bv Lola Hontez,- .! of Ohecknrs Simplified and Explained,--- --> .u ord R , 3 to DI^K & FITZG-ERAL: Pnblistiers, No. 18 Ann Street, New