LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS r AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF LORENZO WAUGH "WHATSOEVER thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor knowl edge nor wisdom, in the grave, whither thou goest." Fifth and Enlarged Edition. SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. METHODIST BOOK CONCERN, 1037 MARKET ST., PRINTERS. 1896. LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1884, BY LORENZO WAUGH, In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. PREFACE. DEAR CHILDREN : For some time I have been thinking very seriously of all the happy times I have enjoyed with the children. And more espe cially have I been feeling serious under the clear conviction of my own mind that these happy times and associations with the dear children are very soon to close with me, and forever as far as this world is concerned, being now in the seventy-fourth year of my age. I may say to you that, through the greater portion of my life, I have been much guided and influenced in my acts and doings by the clear and abid ing impressions made on my mind ; first having always thought closely, and prayed the Great Spirit to give me light, and if duty be clearly pointed out to give wisdom and strength to do it, to do it fully and faithfully ; and then trusting in God for all the results. I have had the impression of late, that I should try to write and pub lish for you a little sketch of my life, so that when I am gone from this world, some of the children may possibly be helped by something I may tell them, to try and be good, and so to have the better chance for useful ness, and for long life, and for happiness in this life and in the world to come. When I tell you, as I can in truth to-day, that I am now very happy, I am sure you will like to know something of how I have got along, and where I have been, and what I have done all along these more than seventy years of my life. Of course, I can only write you a sketch, but will try and give you a true and faithful one. And so, under my old rule of thought and prayer, and clear impression of duty, I will commence to-day, March 22, 1882. LORENZO WAUGH. SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 14, 1883 DEAR CHILDREN : I now rejoice that our book is in type, on solid ,- reotype plates, and I realize that God has blessed me in the work, afford ing me increasingly good health. To him I desire here to expre* hearty thanksgiving and praise. iv PREFACE. To all the good people who have kindly encouraged me, for your help I here tender most hearty thanks. As soon as the little indebtedness incurred is settled up, I shall then reduce the price of the book to the lowest possible figure, so that all can get it who wish. My purpose is to please you children, and to try to do you good ; and if I should secure something ahead from the sale of the book, this will be used in my visits among the children, and in my plans of trying to help you, as really I have no purpose or desire now to engage in laying up treasure anywhere this side of the heavenly country. May the Heavenly Father bless you, and bless your parents, and bless our country ; and oh, may we be so happy after awhile to meet in the heavenly home ! Your friend, affectionately, LORENZO WAUGH. My address is, Petaluma, Sonoma County, California. DEDICATION. IN sincere and heartfelt love, I dedicate this sketch of my life to you, children the boys and the girls and with the single purpose to please and to do you good. And now, children, if you will live till you are twenty-one years old, faithfully avoiding the use of the filthy tobacco weed, and all intoxicating drinks, as I have done for seventy-four years, we, children, will rid our race of a scourge of evils more debasing and ruinous than have ever afflicted us from any other source since man was turned out of Eden not even excepting that terrible habit, which is yet in some places still kept up, namely, some members"of the human family killing and eating others of the same family, and then killing themselves. And may you all be blessed and prospered in every good word and work. " May your course be full of joy to others, and when your own star shall set at life's close, may it set as sets the morning star, which goeth not down behind the darkened west, but melts away into the brightness of heaven." Your friend, affectionately, LORENZO WAUGH Petaluma, Gal, Feb. 4, 188B CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. My Birth and Early Boyhood " Father Jacob Warwick " He Gives Me a Fine Filly as a Reward for Beating a Big Young Man in a Foot-race The Country but Lately an Indian Country Saw my Father Start to the War of 1812 Hard Times after that War My Hands Blis tered Splitting Rails My Little Brother Came Nigh Being Killed by a Falling Tree Page 13 CHAPTER II. My Foreparents Grandpa Waugh a Scotchman, and McGuire an Irish man A Fellow-man is Rescued from the Gutter My Grandmother's Hungry Nose My New Preparation to Feed it Rejected 17 CHAPTER III. Early Times in West Virginia All the Work Had to be Done by Hand Girls and Boys Have Sometimes a Good Time Husking Corn and Pulling Flax A Girl Gets Bitten by a Copperhead 23 CHAPTER IV. My School Days, and No Common School to Go To Rich Pine for Light No Stoves A Yankee Trick The Poor Deprived of Education A Law against Educating People of Color Going off to School My Teacher Dismissed for Intemperance I Put into the School to Teach, and Not Half Educated Myself. 29 CHAPTER V. Our Early Educational Matters Continued The Cultivation of the Earth, Even the Filthy Tobacco Plant Studies in Geography and Geology Ancient Men and Boys' Foot-prints Found in the Rocks, and Fish too The Study of Astronomy and Astrology The Man that Got in the Filthy Slough 36 viii CONTENTS. CHAPTER VI. My Trip in 1881 to the Home of My Childhood Letters Written Back On the Run East Harper's Ferry and Intermediate Cities, to Saratoga, N. Y. The Temperance Conventions and Some of the Distinguished Assemblage 41 CHAPTER VII. My Distress and Burden with Sin My Pardon and Happy Change. . . .51 CHAPTER VIII. The Devils and Hell, and Those Who Go There 56 CHAPTER IX. The Enjoyment of Religion Guards Us against Dangers in Youth My First Sabbath-school The Power of God Attending Early Method ism The Wonderful Conversion of an Infidel 59 CHAPTER X. My Belief in God and His Infallible Truth and Justice Licensed to Preach, and Employed on Guyanclott Circuit A Pleasant Year, and Some Success The Same Circuit, in Part. First Traveled by Bishop Cavanaugh The Poor Have the Gospel Preached to Them 65 CHAPTER XL Received on Trial in the Ohio Conference, and Appointed to Nicholas Circuit, W. Virginia Sold Lots of Good Books A Desperate Man Converted; also a Whisky Merchant, Who Poured Out All His Liquors A Snake in Church, and the Hornets after My Head The Elder Alarmed, Fearing the Turtles Would Bite His Toes Off 71 CHAPTER XII. Long Journey from West Virginia to the North of Ohio Kindness of the Quakers Happy Revivals Christian Kindness of Presbyterian People Taken by My Elder on to the Norwalk Circuit An Acros tic by a Twin Sister 78 CHAPTER XIII. A Pleasant Time on the Norwalk Work A Remarkable Meeting A Big Sailor Converted A Daughter Driven from Home for being Con verted Big Hurrah over the Lighting of a Match An Acrostic and Response Gathering Shells on Lake Erie Off for Conference. . .85 CHAPTER XIV. Meeting of Conference at Springfield, Ohio, 1835 Ordained a Deacon Transferred to Missouri Conference The Long Trip on Horseback My Main Companion Disagreeable Sickness on the Road Favored with an Additional, and a Good Companion Prairies Alive with Distressing Flies Made the Journey Safely. 92 CONTENTS. ix CHAPTER XV. Work Began in Missouri Selling Good Books Two Wedding Incidents, and Another Plucky One Saved a Man From Drowning, and Several Thousand Dollars from Going Off Down the River When On My Way to My Circuit Came Near Losing My Horse in the Quicksand in Missouri River 98 CHAPTER XVI. North Grand River Circuit A Cold Winter A Fur Suit An Acrostic A Good Revival Work The Journey to Conference Attended with Difficulty My Fur Suit Gets Me i:i Trouble with Some Long-faced Preachers John F. Wright Defends Me Appointed to the Indian Work 104 CHAPTER XVII. My Work in the Indian Country I Train the Boys in Manual Labor The Girls Learn Well, and are Good Girls My Young Indian Stands Firm with Me Guns Ready, when Otherwise the Hungry Savages Would Have Robbed, Likely Murdered Us This Year Our Christian Indians Had Severe Trial with Their Heathen Friends, but Christianity Conquered Ordained Elder 117 CHAPTER XVIII. Conference at Boonville, Mo. A Frightful Scene at the Dedication of a Church My Appointment Again to the Indian Work Got Our Manual-Labor School in Successful Operation The Indians' Faith and Works A Wild Ride to the Hunting Grounds Beyond the Moon A Grandmother Lies Down and Dies, so as to Help the Family. 124 CHAPTER XIX. The Year 1840 on Platte Circuit A Rich New Country Stirring Times at My Camp-meeting Overrun at First with Whisky, but Gained a Great Victory Some Memorable Incidents A Boy Bitten by a Snake, and One with Thigh Broken A Sinner Kills Himself Foul Slander Terribly Rebuked 134 CHAPTER XX. On the Osceola Work A Good Year In the Fall Got Married Next Year on the Gasconade Work, But Resided in Jefferson City At the Conference of 1843 Was Afforded Rather a Nominal Appointment, so as to Visit My Aged Mother in Virginia Attended the Meeting of Baltimore Conference at Washington City Returned to Missouri in 1844 Next Year on Franklin Circuit The Steamer "Big Hatchy" Blew Up Near Us, Killing and Wounding a Number of People My View of Slavery Sad Incidents 145 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XXL The Majority of the Conference Go South My Position and Fight for Conscience Sake Dangerous Times, but Finally Victorious. ... 156 CHAPTER XXII. Still at Work in Missouri, but Had to Publish a Defense Obtained the Voice of the Old Membership in Petitions, and Took Them to the General Conference of 1848 The Petitions Answered and Help Granted Returning to St. Louis, Was Cordially Hailed, but Persecu tion from the Other Side Was Still Continued, but Failed Arrang ing for Removal to California Had a Singular Presentation, Which in the End Came True 166 CHAPTER XXIII. Arranging for the Plains On the Plains Heavy Sickness in the Rear Indians Plenty A Buffalo Chase Team Ran over a Bluff, but the Scolding Woman Still Alive Fortunate Acquaintance with an M. D. Hard and Yet Good Luck on a Hunt A Man Alive Eaten up by the Wolves 176 CHAPTER XXIV. Old Eden Discovered Wild Oats, W T ild Clover, Wild Indians Eating It Nature Cultivating the Earth Young Men Examples to the Boys in Industry and Sobriety Also an Opposite Class, Which I Dare Not Name in My Book My Daughter and Son Born in California The Boy's Death 194 CHAPTER XXV. Valley Lands About All Vacant Plenty of Game, Fowl and Fish- Whales Often in Sight Coyotes Bucking Horses Spanish Stock Extract from the First Magazine My Home Gen. M. G. Vallejo My Benefactor = 205 CHAPTER XXVI. Home Matters Settled Began My Temperance Work among the Chil dren Constitution and Odes The Work Commended Blessed Helps Now at Work The Good Women Dr. R. H. McDonald. 215 CHAPTER XXVII. A Hunt Near Suisun Two Fine Elk Killed Again Another Fine Buck Elk Bear and Bear-Hunting The Cinnamon More Desperate than the Grizzly Tom Trosper in a Desperate Bear-Fight Dr. Jenner Shoots and kills a Wounded Cinnamon 231 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XXVIII. Bear and California Lions Death on Stock Lions Shy, But Will Not Jump on a Hunter Might Jump on a Woman or Children I shot a Big Grizzly When Between Her and Her Cubs A Family Party A Lion in Camp A Snake in the Brush All Happy and Improved in Health 241 QHAPTER XXIX. Gathering the Wild Berries Near the Sea Coast A Week at the Warm Springs Another Trip Up to Eel River and Sanhedrim Dr. Mclntosh as Esculapius Gift Senator in a Buck Fight Among the Wild Bees On the Bay and Sea Coast Gathering Shells 251 CHAPTER XXX. Talk to the Children All Must Be Taught; All Must Learn The Baby- That Will Bite the Breast Must Be Spanked, too Advice from Isaiah. St. Paul, and Solomon To Be Happy, All Must Love and Wor ship God 263 CHAPTER XXXI. Talk with the Children Continued The Tobacco Plant, Its Use Learned From the Savages The Savages Believe the Devils Love to Float in the Smoke, and So They Do The Savages Use Tobacco to Please the Devils; and so White People in Using Tobacco also Please the Devils Dr. R. H. McDonald's Leaflets 269 CHAPTER XXXII. Review of My Life I Would Not Wish to Live It Over if I Could My Victories and How I Gained Them Christianity and Chris tiansWhat They Are The Effect, if All Professing Were the Genuine Gold Some of the Pleasures of the Good Old Folks The True Catholic Church, Its Beauty and Power A Clip from the California Christian Advocate An Acrostic Rev. J. L. Bur- chard and Other Friends Love is All Powerful, Fills the Law. . . 284 APPENDIX. An Explanation of a Prejudice Some Have Had Against Me A Word of Warning and Love for My Dear Country's Sake Kind Note from Governor Perkins Letter from Nicholas Carriger A Letter and Two Mites from "Aunt Charity" Letter from C. K. Jenner, Esq. Some Acrostics Letters from Mrs. M. E. Richardson and George B. Katzenstein 295 xii CONTENTS. APPENDIX II. Kindness a Prominent Characteristic of God as seen in his works. . .313 A Partridge Pretends she is Wounded to Save her Young Ones . . . .3J.2 A Snake Opens her Mouth and the Little Snakes Run down her Throat, and so She Runs off with Them from Danger 313 Man, too, in his Proper Condition, is Kind, but Dissipation Destroys it All; and Delirium Tremens is a Picture too/Horrible to be put in our Book . 313-314 Gen. M. G. Vallejo , 314-315 Translation of his Letter \ 316 His Letter in Spanish , 317 J. M. Buffington 317 His Letter 318 Jesse T. Peck, D. D 318 Rev. J. D. Blain 318 Rev. Thomas Guard 320 Remarks on Pure Social Life 320-321 Acrostic; L. Waugh and Olive A. Jenner 321 Acrostic: Flora Gardner and Florence May Taylor 322 Acrostic: Ida Esther Gardner 323 F. F. Jewell, D. D., and his Letter 323-324 The Woodpeckers in California 325-6-7-8 Chapter on Business and Two Sample Young Men, Geo. C. Perkins and Chas. Goodall 329-30-31-32 Attacked on the Highway by a Whisky Man Yet we must be kind to all i 333 Dr. Briggs and his Letter 334-5-6 Miss Frances E. Willard v 336-7-8 Acrostic : Mamie E. Ricksecker 345 Acrostic : Elise Wilhelmina Horstman 346 Acrostic : Etta F. Kirkpatrick 347 Acrostic : Gertie Kirkpatrick 348 Acrostic : Holdan Urling Tompkins 349 Acrostic : Paul Adams 350 Acrostic : Kitty M. Munnel 350 Leland Stanford, Jr 551 Acrostic: Leland Stanford, Sr 352 Obituary: Mrs. Clarissa Jane Waugh 353-354 Acrostic: Miss Harriet N. Horn 354 Father Waugh's Letter to Children on his 79th Birthday 355-356 Acrostic: Miss Rose Elisabeth Cleveland 357 Fac-simile Letter from Miss Rose Elisabeth Cleveland. . . , 358 Life of Lorenzo Waugh. CHAPTER I. My Birth and Early Boyhood " Father Jacob Warwick " He Gives Me a Fine Filly as a Reward for Beating a Big Young Man in a Foot-race The Country but Lately an Indian Country Saw my Father Start to the War of 1812 Hard Times after that War My Hands Blis tered Splitting Rails My Little Brother Came Nigh Being Killed by a Falling Tree. I WAS born* in West Virginia, August 28, 1808, near Greenbrier River, in what is now Pocahontas County, but was then the County of Bath. The family, when complete, consisted of father and mother, six sons, and six daughters. Of the sons, I was the elder two sisters being older than I. The noted Lorenzo Dow was a great favorite of my father, and in this way I got my name; but in place of being called Lorenzo, they gave me the nick-name "Ranzy;" and so by this name I was known and called through all my early life. And I found when back in Virginia this last summer, that I am still there called "Ranzy Waugh." My father was a good and honorable man, and my mother was a faithful Christian woman. In those, my early boyhood days, my father was poor, as was the case with nearly all the families in that section of the coun try then. The country was new and just being settled 14 The Life of Lorenso Wangh; by the white people, after being- vacated by the Indian tribes. There was one man in our neighborhood who was called rich, having, I think, over a hundred slaves, and I wish to mention him, as he and his family were real friends to me "Father Jacob Warwick." His daughter Betsey used to come to our house and give me lessons, and with her I learned to read and write before I ever went a day to school. Father Warwick was very fond of smart boys, and I must here tell the boys of a little thing that happened to me in his case which would please any boy. In those early times, when men and boys got together, even in harvest-time, they never were too tired, if leisure was afforded, to have a friendly foot-race, or a wrestle, or a hop, or a jump. One day, when a big crowd was gathered, putting up a big log house, at a leisure time the favorite sport of foot racing was going on, and a large young man, by the name of Freel, seemed quite boastful of his success. Father W r arwick took me aside, and said: "Now, if you will beat Freel, I will give you something very pretty." I told him I would do my very best. So the race was soon arranged, and I did beat him fairly twice out of three heats, while the men and boys had lots of fun. Father Warwick patted me heartily, and whispered, " Come up next week." I went, and he gave me a beautiful filly; and I can here add with great pleasure that by this filly I have virtually had my stock of horses all my life since. The country, I have already told you, was new. I heard this Father Warwick tell how he and his colored man, Sam, almost miraculously escaped being murdered With Some Historical Events. 15 by the Indians. They succeeded in hiding in a corn field, and saw the Indians burn the house and carry off all they could lay their hands on, even picking the feath ers off the few chickens they left alive, leaving only the topnots and the tails. I have often had pointed out to me the places in West Virginia where men and women were killed by the Indians. "Near my father's house was an old camping place, where bushels of river shells had been thrown, after the meat of them had doubtless been used for food. I am sure that such was the hostile feeling against Indians there then, that no Indian band could have passed safely through and got out of the country. I was myself thus much prejudiced when a boy against "Poor Lo." DEAR CHILDREN : In running back in my mind to those early boyhood days, I feel sure it will be difficult for me to fully impress you with the hardships and dis advantages which the early settlers in West Virginia had to endure. Especially back near the close of the War of 1812. Many even pf the little minutias of those times, as they then came under my notice, are still indelibly fixed in my memory. I remember, as clearly as though it was but yesterday, the time my father started to the War of 1 8 1 2 which was near the close of the war. Soldiers then had to furnish the most of their own outfit. I saw my mother making father's knapsack, and often noticed the tears running down her face. Her own brother was in the same draught, and came to our house so as to start off with father. And I remember well what he said to my mother. She said, when he came "John how did you 1 6 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; leave Nellie" (his wife). He replied, "I left Nellie just as you are crying because we are going to defend our country." But, children, just think. There was my mother and four little children none large enough to help her; and living on a new place, and really no money ; and father, the main dependence, to be taken off, and with the prob ability to her that he might never return. Was it a won der that she wept as she worked? Times after the War of 1812 were such as could be called "hard times" without any exaggeration. There was scarcely any money in circulation, and the people were generally poor and hard run in every sense of the word. Where families had even secured a home, it required much hard labor to get the land in condition to produce anything, as I now will explain to you. The country was generally very heavily timbered. There was also, besides the large timber, much brush and undergrowth, and this required a vast amount of hard work to clear it off, as this undergrowth had to be grubbed up from the roots, and then gathered and burned, while the large sur plus timber was chopped up and rolled into heaps and then burned. So that, really, the labor and cost of get ting the land cleared off and made fit for cultivation was more than the original cost of the land in many instances. The fencing was always made of the better splitting timber, and was laid up in crooked "Virginia worm-fence" style; and many a hundred rails have I split and laid up. I am sure, too, I could split and lay up rails as nice and fast as the lamented Abraham Lin coln ever could; though often my hands were sorely blistered by the operation. With Some Historical Events. 17 And just here I will relate a little circumstance which occurred when I was cutting down a large oak tree; and I do it to remind the children that it is very important to be thoughtful, and to look well all around where there may be possible danger. My little brother James was a great favorite with me, and would often go off with me to my work and sit down, or run around and watch me work. On the morning I refer to, I went to my work and did not take him along. When I had chopped a fine oak tree till it began to start to fall, I looked in the direction it was going, and to my horror, there was my little brother I screamed with all my might for him to run away, and with inspiring aptness for a little lad, he fan his best, and in the right way ; and the lashing tree with its top branches tore his little loose garment as it was pressed back by the breeze, but did not touch his body, and he was safe, while I had emotions of fear and then of joy commingled such, I know, as no mortal tongue could express. CHAPTER II. My Foreparents Grandpa Waugh a Scotchman, and McGuire an Irish man A Fellow-man is Rescued from the Gutter My Grandmother's Hungry Nose My New Preparation to Feed it Rejected. npHERE is another little incident that now strikes my [ mind, but very different from the one just related, which I must also give you; but, as one of my grand mothers is associated with it, I will first write you a little sketch of my foreparents, as I know you would like to hear something of them. My grandfather James Waugh was a Scotchman, of 2 1 8 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; whom I heard much from others who knew him, but never saw him. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, and I once was in possession of his military land warrant, which he got for his services. This warrant it self had a history, if I had time to write it. Anyway, neither he nor any of us got anything for it. Grand father Waugh, as I am fully satisfied from authentic in formation, was a noble specimen of a man honest, in dustrious, generous and brave characteristics, indeed, belonging usually to all true-blooded Scotchmen. My grandfather John McGuire was, of course, an Irishman. And so, you see, children, that, in addition to my noble Scotch blood, I am akin to the Irish, and I am not going to make any apology for it, but will say that, though there is now a great excitement about Ireland, and many sneering things said about " the Irish," among the great and good men known in history there were some who were Irishmen some men who were never surpassed by any nationality in thus being great and good. Take, for instance, Dr. Adam Clarke, as a Prot estant. Trace him from his boyhood up through his remarkable life, till cholera took him suddenly off to the better world. What a man ! How vast his store of knowledge ! How faithful his vast exposition of God's Holy Word ! How kind and charitable to those who differed with him ! How arduous and persevering in doing what he saw and felt to be for the glory of God and the good of man. Where is the one that surpasses Adam Clarke? Take St. Patrick, as a Roman Catholic, on tire othe side, and differing simply in the matter of the externals of our holy Christianity. Look at him in his mighty accumulation and resources of knowledge; a man mighty With Some Historical Events, 19 in word and deed; stupendous in his purpose and efforts to accomplish what he believed to be essential to the salvation of man and for the glory of God. And where is the one that is more than his equal to be found ? Those historians who are asserting that " St. Patrick was not an Irishman " would surely do well to be a little more reserved. You take an Irishman as he may come to you, even in your hay-barn, poor and ragged, and with his old clay pipe lit up and upside down, asking you for work ; or you may find him down in the gutter, suffering under the curse of strong drink, and you clear away the rub bish* of his bad habits, and get down so you can touch the heart with the tender hand of human kindness, and at once comes up from away down deep in that great Irish heart the warm response, " Thank you, sur; God bless you for your help." A case just now comes to my mind which will illustrate this statement, and so I will give it to you here. In our town of Petaluma, some years ago, John Egan lived. He was intelligent, and had a nice wife a good woman and some nice children. The little girl, "Lew," was just as pretty as she could be. But John got down, down, down, till, under the tyrant strong drink the gutter was his common place. One day I saw him there, and looking on him, said in my heart, " Poor fellow-man, can not something yet be done to save you ? " A feeling of a kind of distant, doubtful response came to my spirit, *NOTE. There is more good and bad unentangleably mixed up with the Irish people than can almost anywhere else be found, and somebody is to blame for their getting into so many bad habits smoking, swearing, getting drunk, etc. If I had the chance I would tell you who I believe has done them this wrong, but I cannot do it now; but I am sure the noble Father Mathew is not to blame. 2O The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; saying, "you can but try." I had him laid up into my wagon, and hauled him out to my home. There I washed off the filth and vermin from his body, and burned his filthy garments, and put on him a clean suit of clothes, and then fed him with warm milk from the cows it being doubtful whether he would live or die. I prayed with him and for him, and tried to point him in faith to the " Lamb of God which taketh away the sins of the world." He lived, and for eight months I kept him there, knowing that if he should get to town, the saloon vultures would at once light upon him and raven ously pick his bones. He said to me soon after he got sober: " I am so glad you brought me out, for I had fully determined, under the accursed stimulus from the grog shops and the devil, to murder my wife, and probably the children, and to thus make a clean sweep of myself at once down to hell." In eight months John was again quite himself, and not only milked his own milk from the cows, but loved to be doing other light work. Just then I received a letter from the Chief of the Fire Department in San Fran cisco, saying, "Bring John Egan down [a certain day and hour], and do not fail to come." At the time named we landed in the city, and were escorted by a committee to a grove, then a place of resort; and there was a long table laden with rich provisions, and the fire men and invited guests, ladies and gentlemen. Egan had been once the Chief of the Fire Department, and I think the first one there. We ate together in joy and in friendship. After dinner they picked John Egan up and placed him on the table, and all called for a speech and John could make a speech once but just then he stood with his glass of sparkling water in his hand, and he With Some Historical Events. looked as though a volcano was just getting ready to burst out from the depths of his heart. Finally, wiptng the tears from his face, he drank the sparkling water, anl said: " Mr. President, Brother Firemen, Ladies and Gen tlemen: It is a long time since I was 'elevated' before." He then unbosomed his soul in most astonishing senti ments and narration, and I saw that many a tear was wiped off from the hardy firemen's faces. Of John Egan's entire after life I am not fully in formed,, as he went off from our part of the State. I saw him some years after, in a distant town, and he then was Worthy Chief of a Good Templars' Lodge; and I understood that after this he was elected Superintendent of Public Instruction. Some twelve years ago, I under stand, he died. I hope he died in peace and went to rest. But all thoughtful people will say, "If John Egan did so die, and so escaped the drunkard's hell, it was a miracle of mercy; and no other conclusion could be arrived at, when taking an honest view of our modern drinking-tobacco business rapacious, without con science, full of rebellion against all law, both of God and of man as is seen in their efforts to enlarge and main tain it, though the Government be overthrown and souls innumerable be sunk to hell. But, children, I must not forget the incident promised you in the case of my grandmother McGuire. She came to spend some months at our house; and I loved her much. But she used to snuff, and had a nice snuff-box, and, as she was the first one that I remember to have seen take snuff, it interested me very much to see her feeding her nose, as it seemed to me, and then her nose seemed to get so often hungry. But finally her snuff was all gone, and she became terribly distressed, as no more 22 T/ie Life of Lorenzo Wangh; snuff could just then be got; but, while she was so miser able and I pitying her most heartily one day being out with my father in the clearing, I thought I struck the very thing that would at once relieve my dear grand mother, and very soon I had her snuff-box full of what I honestly thought was first-class snuff. My father had some time before been cutting down hickory trees, and the hot sun had thoroughly cured and colored the green leaves, so that they would pulverize finely. Of these I GRANDMOTHER FEEDING HER HUNGRY NOSH. made the box full of snuff, and in the joy and kindness of my heart, I hastened to present it to my dear grand mother; but, don't you think, that in place of feeding her hungry nose with my snuff, she just stood and laughed at me till she almost cried. Of course, I felt disappointed in my failure to get grandmother what she would accept as pleasant and nourishing for her hungry nose; but even now I really think she was as much mistaken as I was, for it is my candid judgment that hickory snuff is as good, and even With Some Historical Events. 23 better, than snuff made of the tobacco leaves. But, chil dren, I do not want much said about this hickory snuff, lest some of the folks should really get to using it; for I know lots of people now who put into their mouths and noses things that not only rob them of their money, but make them shamefully filthy, disgusting and unhealthy, and they are not all of them " old grandmothers " either. CHAPTER III. Early Times in West Virginia All the Work Had to be Done by Hand- Girls and Boys Have Sometimes a Good Time Husking Corn and Pulling Flax A Girl Gets Bitten by a Copperhead. AND now, children, I must return and give you some further particulars of our early times in West Vir ginia. Then we were so circumstanced that we all had to work all the children, boys and girls and I think I may say in truth, that to be industrious, and a good worker was the first essential of being beloved and honorable. And I can say, too, truthfully, that there were comparatively few youths then who were fairly regarded as "lazy and shiftless." They were trained to work from the start, and they soon got to love work. The farm work had to be done, the shop work had to be done, and the house work had to be done; and when I give you some of the particulars in all these depart ments you will see more fully what was implied by work among "all hands." On the farm, I might say nearly literally everything had then to be done by hand. The fields were broken up by the two-horse plow, followed and guided by hand, 24 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; as there was not then a "gang-plow" in the State. The corn and everything had to be planted and hoed by hand. And then, when everything was raised, the har vesting had to all be done by hand. A sowing machine, or a mowing machine, or a reaping machine, would have been a wonder in those days. When the harvest was ripe and ready, a company of men, with sickle in hand, generally went to the ripest grain-field in the settlement and, with their backs bent to the right point, they went ahead, cutting the grain down a handful at a time, taking what was called a "through" there being an experi enced selected leader at the head. This leader was vir tually the commander-in-chief, and he saw that every thing was done in order. When they had reaped through to the other side of the field, then, with the sickle over the shoulder, they returned, gathering up the grain and binding the sheaves with a band of the same, all throwing the sheaves in one direction. These sheaves were then gathered up by some old men and boys, and put into "shock." And just here I will describe the sickle, as many of you boys never saw one, and never will. This sickle was simply a piece of steel, sharp at the point and a handle on the other end, with a nice regular bend, with the part of it called the " gather " back near the hand, and nice little sharp teeth all the way on the inside edge. And if any fellow got drunk, or even careless, when using this sickle, it would not be surprising that he would be seen leaving the field with a bloody hand, and probably able only to count four fingers and half a thumb on one hand, and so would be dismissed from the pleasant harvest company for all the season. But now, boys, I am happy to tell you that I have yet my two thumbs sound, and With Some Historical Events. 2$ all my fingers, though I have handled this sharp sickle through many a long summer day. While I am still about the grain, I may as well tell the boys a word about the threshing. We had no threshing machines then ; and the first I remember about threshing, we just laid the sheaves with the heads together on a threshing floor, and with one stick tied to the end of another smaller stick, the latter being the handle, the whole called a "flail," we flailed out the grain, and' then cleaned it the best we could in early times simply in the wind. In addition to wheat, and rye, and corn, of course we usually raised both buckwheat and oats, and nearly all the families raised a field of flax. The size of the flax field was usually regulated by the size of the family that is, so as to produce enough to supply the family all that might be needed for clothing, etc. A sad incident occurs to me, which happened in a flax field when I was young, which I will tell you in concluding this chapter. Our neighborhood shops, especially the blacksmith shop, were then of great importance, as all our tools, and plows, and even chopping-axes, were made at these shops, there being then no store supply of any of these things, as there is now; in fact, stores themselves were different things from what they are now. In all the stores I then knew anything of, there was not in any of them a ready-made boot, or any part of a suit of clothes, nor was there even a bolt of factory cloth from the cot ton fields of the South. And this brings me to tell you that then all our clothing and bed-clothing belonged to the house and loom-house work of our mothers and sis ters. They carded, and spun, and wove, and then made up the cloth for our garments, bedding, etc. 26 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; I have known girls to get married, beautiful girls, too, and beautifully dressed, and yet not a thing in all the beautiful bridal outfit but what they themselves had spun, and wove, and made up; and finer wives never graced a lovely home or more lovingly cheered a good and happy man. An now, children, you all love to go to the weddings and crack the nuts, and eat the candies and sweet cakes ; but would it not now be a nice sight to see a pretty bride and groom stand up and get married, and have nothing on only what the bride herself had spun, and wove, and made up with her own hands? I wish it was convenient for me to describe to you more particularly how good our mothers and sisters, and the girls generally, then were, and indeed how generally good the boys were. Our haying, too, was all done then by hand. The "scythe" was our onl)' mower, and it required a bent back and long and hard exertions with the arms ; but it came as a matter of course, and we were hale and hearty, and so we cheerfully worked it through. We boys in those days were always delighted when we could manage so as to have the pleasant company and association of the girls. And there were two items of work in which our country custom made it perfectly right and pleasant for the girls to join us. One of these was the "corn shucking," and the other the " flax pull ing," as I will explain directly. Even the mothers seemed to enjoy seeing us young folks happy with each other, and I know, for one, it much encouraged me to try to be good. I remember hearing a good lady say to my mother : "I think I shall have your Ranzy for a beau and then a With Some Historical Events. 27 husband for my girl after awhile." It might have been all a joke with the old lady, but I, as a boy, was delighted with the idea of being so well thought of by so good a lady and such a nice girl. And I know I determined, away back in those boyhood days, that, whatever I might lack in the way of money or education, I would anyway seek to have the good-will of good people, and always to treat the girls with purity and kindness. Our corn shuckings came off in the fall, after the ears of corn were pulled off of the stocks and hauled near the crib in a big pile. So a day would be set, and boys and girls gather round the corn pile and go to work in earnest, the boys, often every one, having a choice part ner. There was, too, a kind of a game played, which I cannot now remember well enough to fully explain, but I think those who should get the greater number of speckled ears and red ears were to have certain prefer ences in the way of kisses in the little plays which were to come off after the shucking was done. Sometimes, too, the mothers joined in the shucking; but anyway they always got the good dinner ready. And so we often had lots of fun, while a great pile of corn would be shucked. And now I must tell you about the flax and our flax pullings. The flax is a beautiful growth, usually a little over three feet high. The seed forms on the top branches in little pods. In place of cutting it with the sickle, like the grain, we pulled it up by hand- fuls from the roots; and I cannot take the time now to tell you how we spread it on the ground to be watered after the seed was secured, so that the lint would come off how we broke it and hackled it, and so got it ready for our mothers and sisters to spin and to weave, and 28 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; then to make it up into our beautiful linen garments, and so forth. Well, at the time of the flax pulling lots of the boys and girls would go together to the field, every boy having a nice girl for his partner, if he could get one. We pulled up the flax a big handful at a time, in " throughs " like the reapers, having our appointed leader, and so having lots of wit and fun and good humor. The time I now speak of I thought I had as my partner just one of the smart- A COPPERHEAD IN THE FLAX. est and prettiest little girls in all the company. But, as we were thus pulling along, all of a sudden she gave a fearful scream, and looking to her instantly, there was a fearful snake a copperhead with its open mouth clamped to her foot near the ankle, and its terrible fangs drove through her stocking into her tender flesh. With all speed I got it off, mashed its head to atoms, and then picked up my poor, fainting girl, and in my arms I car ried her hurriedly to the house, being a strong, active With Some Historical Events. 29 boy. Soon her foot and limb were swollen ready to burst, and turned black, while her pain was most excru ciating. For days she lay at the point of death; but by incessant care and medical application, she revived, and finally got well. But I can tell you, children, I have ever since been terribly afraid of "snakes in the grass" copper heads. Why, some years ago, there was a political asso ciation formed, and many very good men belonged to it, calling themselves "Copperheads," and having 'up great cards inviting people to come and join them, say ing " Rally, Copperheads ! " But I would no more have joined them under that name than I would have gone down, naked and alone, to attack a great shark, such as I have seen in the Pacific Ocean. You, children, watch out always when you are in the locality where there are pois onous snakes " snakes in the grass," copperheads in the flax. CHAPTER IV. My School Days, and no Common School to Go To Rich Pine for Light No Stoves-*-A Yankee Trick The Poor Deprived of Education A Law against Educating People of Color Going off to School My Teacher Dismissed for Intemperance I Put into the School to Teach, and Not Half Educated Myself. AND now, children, I must in this chapter give you some of our early school-boy times, and so hurry up a little, lest I should become tedious and you should get weary; and I know that the school subject is one you are all very much interested in. There was no subject that more interested me when a boy than that of education, and I can assure you, children, that we young folks had in those early days a very poor show in that direction^ 30 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; as I think you will agree when I have given you some of the facts. To begin with, we had really then no common schools, and, I think, not a dollar of public money. My father frequently taught school when I was young (though he afterward became a Judge of Court), and I know something of it. The way a school was usually gotten up then was, the one going to teach, or some one for him, took the names of all the children that the family could spare, and especially agree to pay for at a stated rate per scholar, and the teacher might bear in mind that he might not be able to collect quite all that was promised. The school houses were few and far between. The nearest one to my father's then was at least four miles away, and over quite a mountain at that. To this school house we walked, and sometimes in snow near "knee deep," for there our schools were usually taught only in the winter time, there being too much work to be done in the summer. But I can tell you truthfully that the children, when they did get a chance to go to school, did improve their time well, and those who excelled were always duely noticed and approved ; ^and there was much studying and learning done by us young folks at home. And I must here tell you a little about that. It had to be done mainly at night, and we had no lamps worth even my telling you how lamps were then made. But to provide our light we would go out to the woods and gather and bring to the house rich pine knots, and these, when split up, would furnish a nice light and help to keep us warm, too, though then we had plenty of wood and great wide fire-places, but we had no stoves. And, as I just think of it, I will tell you what they have told me happened about a stove, when stoves first came With Some Historical Events. 31 round, praised up by the Yankees as being such good things; and if I can think of it I will tell you of a "Yankee trick," too, which was played off on one of our good neighbors. But about the stove first The folks in a little town concluded that they would get a stove and try it anyway, putting it up in the church. But one of the good deacons opposed it firmly, saying he was sure it would be very unhealthy, even absorbing all the oxygen from the atmosphere, etc., etc. But he was overruled, and so the stove was set up about the middle of the church. Sunday came and the congrega tion gathered, and the good opposing deacon took his seat as far from the stove as he could get, for then there were no family pews even. Directly it was seen that there was something wrong with the deacon, as he was breathing heavily and possibly like to faint, and so he was immediately helped to where he might get some fresh air, the heat from the stove being, of course, the cause of the trouble. But after his recovery, on examin ing the stove it was found to be perfectly cold, no fire having ever yet been put in it. And so it is true, chil dren, that much severe suffering and pain have been endured by some good people in this world, caused only by superstition and imaginary things. And I know in early times even some of our staid, chivalrous Virginians were not entirely free from such delusions ; so I will here illustrate this by giving you that little " Yankee trick," and that was long before the Yankees ever brought round their "wooden nutmegs." A Yankee came round with some of his notions for sale probably it was wooden clocks and stopped with neighbor Sharp. Sharp was a first-rate man, and so treated him kin'dly, but was no doubt a little suspicious 32 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; of him, and told him he had heard many things about the Yankees and their tricks, and asked him if they were true, and if he would not show him a fair "Yankee trick.' 1 The Yankee told him that much that he had heard was really so, and he would show him a trick at once; if he would just crawl under the bed for a few minutes, that he could sing him out in less than no time. Sharp, not willing to miss the chance to learn, crawled under, and I might say here, too, that the beds were then often found in the only sitting-room in the house. The Yankee sat silent a bit, then sang out: " If you don't come out, you can stay there ! If you don't come out, you can stay there ! " And so, sure enough, in a few minutes out he crawled, and, doubtless, always afterwards felt more friendly and less suspicious of the hitherto dreaded Yankees. It is my most charitable judgment, that in early times there was some superstition, or something else, that was not just the right way on the great subject of education with some of our good old Virginians. They had the idea that " common schools " were really not needed. The wealthier class that is, as a general thing, the slave-holders could send their children off and have them schooled at the popular educational resorts, and so their children could thus be prepared to fill all the im portant positions of public trust and emolument, the poorer people being thus liberally and kindly relieved of the trouble of well educating their children, and also prepared for avoiding the danger and care of holding any offices of trust or emolument, or even mingling in the circles of the said highest class. As evidence that these very liberal ideas prevailed, I need only state the fact that there was a plainly-expressed With Some Historical Events. 33 and well-understood law in Virginia's statute book, which required, and with a very telling penalty, that " no colored person should be taught to read or write." And some of the colored people boys and girls let it be distinctly remembered, were much less than half col ored, and yet no fault of their own, by the way; and yet even all these, equally with all the jet-black negroes, whether born in Africa or of home manufacture, were held sternly under the provisions of this grave law. I am not here going to touch purposely the matter of human slavery, but only simply to call your attention to our old educational matters in our beloved old Virginia. I will, if spared, touch the matter of human slavery direct before I close this sketch, and so you children shall know some things which I know about it, and, in brief just what I think of it When I was about sixteen, I had a most pressing desire to obtain a good education, and I do not know but that I came within one day of getting it, as you will judge when I state the following facts to you: I read a statement in a newspaper about in substance as follows: " Desiring to further the cause of God, and having a little spare means, if a good boy, with a convic tion of duty that he should preach the gospel, will apply to me, And I am satisfied with him, I will furnish the means for his complete education, expressly to fit him for this holy calling." I .had already then had very serious impressions in reference to the " holy calling," and so with a free and confiding heart I at once wrote him, giving him a true statement of my impressions of mind, circumstances, etc., and told him I would be very glad to be the one to share his kind offer. Soon after I got his answer, in substance about as follows: 3 34 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; DEAR BOY: I have to inform you, that I have just made the arrangement (contemplated in my proposition which you saw) with a boy from your own State, Virginia. But I am glad to hear from you, and if you were here I would help you, too, what I could." I did not deem it manly to try to go and additionally tax this good man's kindness; yet I hoped that some way would be honorably opened by which I might be able to secure a good education. Soon after this, I left home and went across one county and to a point near Clarksburg, Virginia, on pur pose to find an opening to try and get an education ; but without being able to take as much, even, as five dollars with me. I stopped with an old gentleman by the name of Cheuveront, a noble Frenchman a worn- out Methodist traveling preacher a blessed good man, and highly educated. Soon he and all his kind family took an interest in me, and I went at once to a school near by, and done work for my board, and on my vaca tions and odd days I chopped timber and split rails to pay for my schooling, and was much encouraged every way. Father C. and family did even much more for me than they had promised, helping me in keeping up my stock of clothing, etc., and they encouraged me with the thought, whether I deserved it or not, thfct I did more than they had expected me to do. My teacher, too, was kind to me. He was a young man from some where East, and had a finished education. He often encouraged me by assuring me that I was progressing finely in my studies; and he had said to me I should stay with him till I finished my education, and that he had purposed to help me through. But a great set-back and sad disappointment awaited With Some Historical Events. 35 me again, just ahead. From the time I had first known my teacher, he was in the habit of taking what he called his "social glass" with friends, and for a time seemed to sustain no injury. But after awhile he would get drunk on Saturday and continue it all through Sunday; then Monday come to school, if not drunk, yet so stupid and miserable that nothing could be done all the day, while the children themselves were becoming terribly demoral ized, and would fight and quarrel and chew tobacco and curse and swear. On a Friday evening, Father Cheuveront and two other patrons of the school came and said to my teacher, in the presence of the scholars, "You are now dismissed from the charge of this school, and we have no further need of your services; you will take your money and leave." Then they said to the pupils, "You come as usual, and Master Waugh is authorized to take charge of the school." The arrangement was as much of a surprise to me as to the children, for they had not even consulted me. I took the school as they directed, but really had feel ings of sadness and disappointment, and pity for my dear teacher, which affected me deeply. Our parting was in perfect kindness and friendship. He left, and I never knew anything more of his his tory or his end. And here ended my going to school, and I was not half educated either at the time. And here now I say, that no one but myself can know the great embarrassments and the many disadvantages which I have labored under through my long and check ered life because of my unavoidable failure to obtain a thorough and finished education. I continued teaching this school, I think, for three 36 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; terms, then I taught for a time in the adjoining coir and then in the neighborhood of my fathers house, then in Mason County, Virginia, near the Ohio River. And now children, smce I witnessed the fall of my dear teacher, and saw the effect of his example on some of those dear little boys, and from my observations all my life since in that direction, I am under the most pro found conviction that no professed teacher who uses tobacco and drinks whisky, and swears profanely, should ever, under any circumstances, be placed as a teacher over the dear children and young people. CHAPTER V. Oar Earfy Educational Matters Continued The Cultivation of the Earth, Even file Filthy Tobacco Plant Studies in Geography and Geology Ancient Men and Boys' Footprints Found in the Rocks, and Fish tooThe Study of Astronomy and Astrology The Man that Got in the D R. children, I had intended to close the detail of early educational advantages with the last chap ter, but, in justice to you, I cannot do it, and so will con tinue the subject in this one. In those early boyhood days, we had some rather superior advantages in the way of study and the acquire ment of knowledge useful knowledge. For instance, to start at the foundation the foundation being really the right place to start in almost everything the earth there, as I have already briefly expressed, was about as nature had left it, and we dug it up, and often with tired bodies and sweaty faces tested many of its wonder ful qualities and great varieties and capacities as the With Some Historical Events. 37 mother of our " daily bread" I know my lessons in that very important and interesting department were often very long, and sometimes hard. Our fathers then would have everything hoed well. The com had to be " hilled " up. the potatoes too, and the beans also in good time; and so of about everything. Even the tobacco that vile plant the foul use of which has proved since to be such an enormous, unmitigated curse to more than one- half of the whole human family. For many a day I had not only to hoe the miserable, a filthy weed," but with my fingers to pull off the great, green, horned worms from the growing leaves, my hands and head and clothes looking worse and feeling worse than if I had been bodily dipped into something worse than warmed-up asphaitum. In geography we had some splendid opportunities for practical study, traveling over the great new country in hunting the cows and seeing to the horses running loose in the beautiful wildwoods. In geology we sometimes took some interesting lessons, and I must tell you how we mastered one of these hard but very interesting ones. When we boys had the time but not on Sunday, I tell you, boys we would go upon the top of some lovely steep hill, and one we knew contained the best specimens of great bowlders, or of large, detached pieces of rock the rounder in shape the better. These, with much care, and often with close and hard application, we would get unbedded, and then started off down the steep hill, leaving the old spot where they had lain quietly for ages. Every student would then be in almost an ecstasy of joy, witnessing this wonderfully striking, powerful demonstration in geology. We could see that the adhering quality or principle of the rock in its united and combined particles was one of remarkable 38 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; tenacity, as it was able to displace many objects from iti pathway shrubs and parts of trees and other rocks and yet hold together. We could see, too, what a direct and moving power, under certain circumstances, the greal principle of gravity would have on rocks. We witnessed too, the power of the rock to again bed itself for anothei long rest in the bottom of the swiftly-running stream at the foot of the steep hill. And a great question here naturally arises, which the boys may be excused if we here ask it of some of our wise modern geologists may i-t not have been in this very way that long ago, when the boys rolled great rocks down the steep hills into the run ning rivers or the lakes below, that the fish got caught under the rocks, and there stuck to them, so that now their skeletons are found perfect, embodied in the solid rocks ? And, again, may not those boys and men's foot prints, some of which I have seen and examined myself found now embodied in solid rocks may they not have been made there long, long ages ago, when the boys then got incautiously into the mud and mire, and so left the prints of their bare feet, so that people in all the after ages may see how incautious or foolish they were to get into the mud and mire. At the close of this chapter, I will tell the children what a fix I once saw a man get into by not being careful to keep out of the mire. The study of astronomy, too, was when I was a mere youth very interesting to me. My mother had taught me as far back as I can remember that God the Heav enly Father had made all this great universe, and that he, though unseen, was everywhere, upholding and superin tending this world and all the worlds in the wonderful universe. And she taught me, too, that I should get ciown on my knees, and shut my eyes and with my heart With Some Historical Events. 39 and all my mind pray to this loving Heavenly Father. And I can tell you that my first studies in astronomy were based on these great truths my dear mother had taught me; and I can still well remember how forcibly these great truths took hold of my heart and impressed my mind. Often I went out at night and, opening my inquiring eyes, looked up, and gazed, and thought, as I saw the great assemblage of stars away in the expanse and far-above more than could be numbered ; and the beautiful moon hanging, as it seemed, on nothing; and the fleecy clouds, floating along without showing the great power that moved them, or that held them up. I know that when quite young, seeing and thinking about these wonderful things, I had thoughts and feelings of reverence for the Great Spirit, to whom my mother taught me to look in faith and love. In looking back even now and thinking of those early thoughts and impressions which I know I then had, I think it would have been an easy task for me to have become a young astrologer as well as a boy astronomer ; and so to have thought and believed that the great assemblage of stars had tongues as well as smiling, twinkling faces, and that they talked and sang together; and that the comets, 4:00, might have tongues as well as tails ; and that altogether they knew much of the affairs and things going on in this little world of ours. I had learned to read, and my first readings were mainly the sayings of Solomon, the Psalms of David, and of the love and sufferings of the blessed Saviour. When very young I learned by heart many beautiful songs, and even now these songs, when I can catch the first line, I can repeat entire, and the many beautiful sentiments and truths contained in th^m are now to me 40 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; n a source of very great pleasure and comfort. It would astonish you, children, to know how many beautiful songs and pious hymns I can yet repeat, learned when I was but a boy, such as "God moves in a mysterious way His wonders to perform, He plants his footsteps in the sea, And rides upon the storm." And this one "How happy every child of grace Who knows his sins forgiven ; 'This earth,' he cries, 'is not my place, I seek my place in Heaven.'" But now I must tell you of the man who got in the mire. Many years ago, I was standing on the margin of the great Mississippi River, near that old French town, St. Genevieve, and quite a crowd of people was there, as a steamer was just landing, on her way to St. Louis. The town was a little distance back from the landing, and the Captain told the passengers they could walk into town if they wished, but they must be back in just so many min utes, as just at that time the boat would start When the time was up, all were back on board but one man, and he was seen coming a finely-dressed, aristocratic- looking Orleans gentleman. The road led round the bend of a most filthy slough, and he, seeing the steam up, and that the distance to the boat by crossing the slough, in place of going by the road, was much nearer (and as some of us thought he had steamed well up himself), took the short route, attempting to cross the filthy slough, and was seen at the first jump to go down into the filthy, slimy mire up to his neck. When gotten out and on the gang- IV M Some Historical Events. 41 way, I heard the Captain say to him, "I can't take you on board this boat, sir, in your present fix, unless I cable and tow you awhile." But the Captain furnished him a temporary change of raiment, and he threw his own fine suit overboard, and so went on his way for St. Louis. And now, dear children, allow me to say that, "The longest way round is often the shortest way home." So the old folks used to tell us children. Then it is very important anyway, and at all times, to keep well out of the filthy mire. And it is my own observation, that those youths who entirely shun the grog-shops and all the gambling dens, and take nothing they take there, and do nothing they do there, will surely grow up and look nice and be nice; and always have a nice suit of good clothes unsullied, and they will never have to be, any of them, cabled by the neck, or towed behind the beautiful boat, while the other happy passen gers are socially enjoying themselves in the spacious cabin and in the happy company. CHAPTER VI. My Trip in 1881 to the Home of My Childhood Letters Written Back On the Run East Harper's Ferry and Intermediate Cities, to Saratoga, N. Y. The Temperance Conventions and Some of the Distinguished Assemblage. DEAR children, it was only two years ago that in going on a little trip East, I called by to see the dear old homestead where I was born, and the old neighborhood where I spent my early boyhood days, and the dear old spring of water, bubbling up yet, just as clear and sweet and sparkling as it was when I took from 42 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; it the first drink I ever took in my life, and after an unbroken absence of nearly forty years. On that trip I wrote a number of letters back, as I could catch a little time. Some of those letters were kindly published in the Petaluma Argus> and I have clipped out some of them and will insert them here, so that any of you children can read them if you wish. Only hoping that some little thought or circumstance named, may chance to encourage some of you to try and be good. I may also add some little things which I wrote, while on the trip East, for some of the good children and young people I had the happiness to meet and get acquainted with. FROM ST. LOUIS. EDITORS ARGUS: I am this morning in St. Louis, Mo., after an absence of over thirty years ; and you may be sure things look greatly changed. The city itself has grown to be a great city. Our trip across the plains has been really a delightful one. A little before reaching Omaha, the most of our company took the express and went flying for their different destinations. When the rest of us reached Omaha, we found the river again so high that trains could not get further than the end of the bridge. The water in a swift current was washing over all the bottom ; I should think a mile wide. But by the next afternoon the astonishing energy of those railroad men had placed flat-cars over all that distance, spiking on two-inch lumber to hold them connected, and so we run in the car to the end of the bridge, and then walked on this flat-car bridge safely to Council Bluffs. The weather all the way was fine, and the grand and varied scenery greatly delighted our company. The vastness With Some Historical Events. 43 of this great plain and the mountain country is wonder- Ail, and the seekers of homes are gradually working into it, while, the wild animals are shying off a little. The antelopes, however, we saw in little gangs, gay and beau tiful. We saw three wolves on a chase after a large white hare, also a few buffalo. On the Platte the dead stock are lying, I should think, by the thousands. The timber along the way from Council Bluffs to St. Louis is seen terribly mashed by the heavy snows, and only a few kinds showing signs of leaving out I am already finding friends in St. Louis, and hope to have here, and during my entire visit East, a pleasant time. L. WAUGH. St. Louis, Mo., April 23, 1881. FROM CINCINNATI. EDITORS ARGUS: I wrote you from St. Louis. I remained there seven days, and my stay was made very pleasant by the kindness of friends, especially Messrs. Wm. H. Redemeyer and C. Horstman, who took me by carnage to the different extremes of the city, and while I have not time to describe or particularize, I may just say that their public parks, in number and extent, and in improvements, are noted. Shaw's Garden, with its great collection of plants, flowers, etc., from all countries, is beautiful. Their water-works, for design, efficiency of operation, and powerful machinery, are grand. On leaving St. Louis, I passed in the cars through the tunnel under a portion of the city and then over the Mississippi on their world-renowned steel bridge, the water being very nearly up to the mark of the great flood of 1844, and extending far out over the bottoms of Illi nois. This bridge, in the great strength and symmetry 44 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; of its piers, the height, peculiar structure, etc., of its steel arches, is a wonder of skill and utility. It is so high that the steamers pass under. Immediately above is the double railroad track, and yet above is the wagon and foot-way. Leaving St. Louis at 7 P. M., I reached Cincinnati at 7j A. M. My health is good and I am enjoying myself finely. LORENZO WAUGH. Cincinnati, April jo, 1881. FROM OLD VIRGINIA. EDITORS ARGUS: I am now in the immediate locality where I was born, and where I spent the early years of my life; and if you, or any of your readers, imagine you could be placed in like circumstances in reference to your selves, and have no pressing and peculiar emotions, allow me to assure you that you would be mistaken. Here, after the lapse of a little over seventy-two years, I am looking intently after objects dear and interesting, deeply and indelibly engraved on memory, and " they are not." A kind and honorable father, an affectionate and faithful mother, six beloved sisters all are gone off to the spirit world; my dear father's grave being here at the old homestead alone. But the old Greenbrier River is here, rippling along just as it used to be when I learned to swim in[it when I was a boy. The old hills and rocks are here and the beautiful groves of trees the flourishing friendly sugar and maple, hickory, chestnut, black and white walnut; and how vividly am I reminded, as I now " crack these nuts," of the old happy time when we boys used to climb' the trees and shake them down, while the beautiful girls gathered them up and awaited our com- With Some Historical Events. 45 ing down for a friendly divide. And how vividly I am reminded, as I eat the pure maple sugar here now, of those happy days and nights, where, at the "sugar-camps," we stirred off and caked the sugar, and sometimes kissed the girls, saying, if we caught a smile, " there is nothing so sweet as home-made sugar." Yes, I remember those dear, beautiful, virtuous girls with special delight now* but their children, grandchildren and great-grandchil dren are all that remain to be found of them. I have just had the pleasure of addressing a large assemblage of Western Virginians in a beautiful grove, and in giving an opportunity for the old people to report themselves and something of their lives only two were found older than myself. These were dear old friends, and remarkable, both having been God-fearing and loving from their youth, never indulging in the use of either strong drink or tobacco. While the changes here in general are great, those things found remaining unchanged seem wonderfully familiar. The old whip-poor-will and his large family quite monopolize the twilight and early darkness, while the lightning-bugs make believe that they are going to get up a tremendous thunder-storm by midnight. The signs of that terrible War of Rebellion are still plenty. I have seen the mounds where the opposing cannon where planted, and where the father and the son and the brothers faced each other on opposing sides in the deadly conflict. To show you the bitterness and danger of those times I will copy a little paper I have and send you for your next issue. But I am happy to tell you that the old state of bitterness here is now well- nigh gone, and love and kindness is taking the place. I recently had a conversation with a gentleman who was 46 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; strong for rebellion and a slave-holding confederacy. He said: "We were wrong in our estimate of slavery. It was a curse to us, to our children, and to the nation. I am glad it is forever abolished. We are, even now, more prosperous in West Virginia than ever before." Inclosed please find $25 genuine Confederate money. I might just as easily have sent you $1,000, if I had not feared you might think hard of me if I had required you to pay the postage. My health is good, and by the 2Oth instant I expect to reach Saratoga, New York. LORENZO WAUGH. Edray, West Va., June /, 1881. FROM SARATOGA. EDITORS ARGUS: On last Friday morning, I left my brother's, in Buckhannon, West Virginia, where I spent a pleasant week. Taking a hack, I traveled thirty-two miles to Clarksburg, where I reached the cars. Here is old historic ground to me the neighborhood where I took my last lessons at school, and where I was put to teaching by the trustees when I was not half educated myself they dismissing my dear old teacher for dissipa tion. At 8 P. M. I took the train, of course seeing but little through the night. Saturday dawned on us beau tifully, and soon, amidst the sunshine and lovely scenery, the cry from the conductor was heard, " Harper's Ferry." All were in a stir in a moment to get a view of the old historic spot, from whence "John Brown's soul goes marching on." The train moved slowly and gracefully over the bridge facing the old brown bluff which stands there still, with an apparent frown on its face, just as it used to stand, when from the old craggy stand-point of human selfishness came the stern avowal, " Human With Some Historical Events. 47 slavery is divine, and must endure." A gentleman from New Orleans, sitting near me, said, " Slavery is ended, and we should all be glad of it" As I proceed to note some of the principal points reached on this day's run, you will not be surprised when I tell you that the prophet Daniel's wonderful declaration is stirringly im pressive, viz., " Many shall run to and fro and knowledge shall be increased." In but a short time after leaving Harper's Ferry we reached Washington City, then Balti more, Wilmington, and Philadelphia, and so on by all the intermediate towns, reaching New York City in the afternoon. After stopping an hour in New York, we took the train up the Hudson, passing Peekskill, Pough- keepsie, Sing Sing, Auburn, Albany, Troy, and others, and just at midnight our conductor cried out "Saratoga." What a distance for a day's ride ! and how great and nu merous the historic interests hanging out at almost every point the drafting and signing the Declaration of Inde pendence; George Washington, at the head of the heroic army, leading it to victory and to independence; then the President of the new nation starting it out under the holy principles of justice and honor and all without a steamboat or telegraph wire; Ben Franklin, with the sweat on an anxious face, busy getting the lightning into his bottle; and the immortal Abraham Lincoln, with " love for all and malice toward none," writing with his steady hand the Emancipation Proclamation. But I cannot enlarge. My health is good, and all things of my journey so far very pleasant. L. WAUGH. Saratoga^ New York, June 2o t 1881. 48 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; FROM PENNSYLVANIA. EDITORS ARGUS : I last wrote you on my arrival at Saratoga, New York. I remained at that place one week, attending all the various meetings of both the temperance conventions then assembled there. Both of those conventions were attended by delegates from nearly all the States, and also from Canada, New Bruns wick and Nova Scotia among the latter being Sir Leonard Tilly and Edward Carswell. On this side we had John B. Gough, Mrs. Foster of Iowa, Miss Frances E. Willard, Mother Steward of Ohio, Hon. Mr. Town- send of South Carolina, Mother Hill at the mention of whose son, J. B. Hill of California, it was no wonder she smiled so pleasantly; besides many other distin guished names I have no room to mention. The public meetings were largely attended, and the interest taken such, I think, as I never saw before in the temperance cause. Nearly all the religious bodies were represented, and by their most distinguished men. I think it is safe to predict that a forward movement in the temperance cause is nigh, which will result in great good to the human race, by curtailing the curse of intemperance now debasing mankind in every part of the inhabited earth. Saratoga itself is one of the most lovely places on the continent Beauty and taste are prominent on nearly everything that catches the sight the dwellings, the public houses, the shrubbery, and the numerous and inimitable springs. And, beside, the lakes some dis tance out, fitted up for pleasure and recreation, are charming. On returning to New York I took the steamer Drew down the Hudson; and just think of a steamer over 300 feet long and costing over one million With Some Historical Events. 49 dollars. The scenery on the Hudson is varied and some of it really grand. In New York I was fortunate in having the company of Judge Joseph Weed, of San Francisco, he being well acquainted there. On the Sabbath we attended the old M. E. Church, where the clock still swings its pendulum as it did over a hundred years ago when John Wesley gave it to them. On the whole, I do not much enjoy New York, and especially those thundering, elevated railroad cars, rushing along thirty feet above your head, letting off their smoke and dust without any respect for those below. The storms of late here are, I think, causing great destruction of crops. I saw yesterday in passing on from New York to this place whole fields of wheat laid level with the earth, and much mown grass spoiling. Of course I thought of our lovely California harvest weather. I am going from here to the north of Ohio. LORENZO WAUGH. Lebanon, Pa., June 2$ y 1881. FROM ST. LOUIS ON MY RETURN. EDITORS ARGUS: As you have been kind in noticing my journeyings, I may now say that all the way I have so far had a pleasant time. I spent some three weeks in the north of Ohio, meeting many kind friends. On the 1 8th ult. I took the train at Mansfield for the Ohio Conference Camp-meeting, near Lancaster. There I spent a very pleasant week, meeting my dear old friend Rev. Jas. M. Jamison, with whom I spent many pleasant days in Missouri more than thirty years ago. From there I came via Indianapolis and through Central Illi- 4 50 With Some Historical Events. nois to St. Louis. In both the last-named States the effects of the great drought present a sad appearance to the passing traveler. Whole fields of corn and grass stand completely dried up on the ground as I never remember of seeing the like before. My stay in St. Louis is being made very pleasant by the special kind ness of Wm. H. Redemeyer, brother of our A. F. Rede- meyer of Ukiah. G. W. Tenville, a relative of our friend Simon Morrison in California, has also contributed much to my pleasure by driving me into their neat for est park of 1,400 acres, and to other interesting portions of the city. The magnitude of St. Louis is now really wonderful, and especially as compared with what it was forty years ago when I used to be here. Thunder storms have of late been literally terrific, yet attended by but little rain. Two buildings here were struck and consumed just the other night, and as I write one is raging, and I am told has struck somewhere near. My health is good, and I hope in a few days to be on the move for home. LORENZO WAUGH. St. Louis, Mo., August 18, 1881. Dear children, though I thought I should insert some other little things which I wrote for the children and other friends on my late trip East, I now see it is not practicable for me to here attempt it. For I see in look ing over the things I have on hand, written lately and at other times along through life for the children and other friends, little songs, acrostics, etc., enough to make up quite a little book in itself. And so in the little space I could only use here, I could not do justice either to what I have written or to you. So I will close this chapter, and with the next one commence to give you a little With Some Historical Events. 51 sketch of my religious life, with some of its attending incidents, assuring you now, in real candor, that my judgment is that the matter of religion, in the case of every one of the human family, is really the most impor tant thing to be attained and attended to of all the interests and attainments within the possible reach of any one in all this world. CHAPTER VII. My Distress and Burden With Sin My Pardon and Happy Change. DEAR children, I have already told you how my mother taught me, when I was but a very little boy, to believe in God and to revere and love his great and holy name. She taught me that he would always keep notice of me, whether in the darkness of the night or in the light of the day. That he was everywhere at the same time, and that he would be pleased always with all who would try to be good, but that he was "angry with the wicked every day." I believe that my mother knew, and that she would tell me nothing but the truth. She said she loved me, and I believed and felt that she did. And the same is true of my dear father, for he often directed my youth ful mind to these great truths which I here have just named. We lived a long way from any church. But father and mother often went to church, or as they then called it, "went to meeting," and generally took us children with them. They usually rode horseback, and we chil dren went on foot, and indeed was glad to do so. And I 52 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; can well remember that I rather enjoyed those meetings then ; loved to hear them sing and pray, and to hear the preacher preach. They then would sing, as it seems to me still, in the spirit, and would always repeat the two last lines of the hymn. And, as well as I now remem ber, nearly all the church members, men and women, and often quite young people, would freely pray in meet ing and speak in class-meeting. When I grew up a little and got off among the boys, I not only got careless about thinking of the presence of God but sometimes did things that I knew, when I did think, would displease him, and if my parents knew, would also displease them. I did not seem to really wish to be wicked, but yet there seemed to be something inside of me, or some where strangely about me, that wanted to entice me to be wicked. For I well remember that when I would do little wicked things, I would be sorry and ashamed of myself, and I would often wonder why I could not be good all the time and so escape all this shame and sor row for my sins. True, I did shun many vile things which I saw other youths falling into. And so, I can say to the children now, in truth, I never remember of having used a profane oath, and I think that I never did. I never got into the vile, sinful habit of using tobacco or strong drinks, and so to-day I can say in truth I never was intoxicated. I had learned to read and would often read some in the Bible. And so I went on for sometime, feeling at times as though I was doing pretty weli r but then again would feel that I had sinned, and so was unhappy. Get ting angry was one of my great besetments when young. With Some Historical Events. 53 About this time, to be brief, I went to a quarterly meeting, and there heard Elder Jerard Morgan preach, and he described this distressed sinful state I was in with wonderful clearness and force to my mind; and still to make it more sad and alarming to me, the preacher said: "There is no sinner, in all the sinful race of man that could, of himself, do anything to get out of this state of sin and death." "Yet," said the preacher, "There is a way, a way for every one of all the fallen, sinful human family to escape from this state of depravity and death by sin, and so to find peace with God and joy and love in this life, and then if faithful, a home in Heaven at last." "Yes," said he, "there is balm in Gilead, there is a physi cian there; Christ Jesus the Saviour, by the voluntary sacrifice of himself once offered, has paid all the debt and satisfied Divine Justice, and made the way open and sure by which all may come and be saved. And on the easy condition of accepting this blessed Saviour by faith and through the assistance of the promised Holy Spirit, simply in penitence and faith confessing the actual sin and the efficiency of the Saviour's merit and love and power, thus attaining and entering into this new life of peace and fellowship with God." But the hard point was still there with me. To sub mit, to openly confess, to yield and make the surrender, here was the hard point for my sinful, stubborn, rebellious heart to accept. And so just at this point I parleyed and rebelled for weeks, while my just alarm of being banished from God as a sinner under condemnation, increased. And as it looks to me still, at times then, underlie promptings of Satan and of my own rebellious heart, I was almost ready and determined to say, " I will not yield, I will not submit, and I will let sin and nature, 54 Th* Lift of Lorenzo Waugh; the world and the flesh, take their course, and so run my chance of going to hell" And to make things still worse, I had heard a Mr Irwin say to my father, that "he believed God had definitely fixed the number of the elect and the repro bate from all eternity, and that on this unalterable ordi nation, there were even many infants in hell not a span long" And so for days I went brooding over my sad con dition as a condemned sinner in the sight of a loving, holy God, who I was rally sure knew all my heart and all my ways. I ought to say, too, here, that while this doctrine of Mr. Irwin's harrassed me, yet I am satisfied that I did not believe it. The doctrine taught me by my dear mother was exactly the reverse in the main, and I know, when it came right down to it, I had confidence in what my mother had taught me of the love and mercy and justice of our Father in Heaven. In this condition of mind I went to church, to the same place where I had heardJElder Morgan preach a kind of protracted revival meeting. There I saw some who professed to be converted, and made happy. And there I felt the clear conviction of mind that it was my duty, and without any further delay, to seek God and to obtain, if possible, a release from the guilt of sin, and the renewal of my fallen, corrupt nature. God had blessed others, could he, would he not also help me? I knew the blessed invitation of the Saviour as he had said, "Come unto me all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest" I believed he had saved others, even the thief on the cross, and would he not save me save me from the guilt and power of With Some Historical I 55 sin and from the fear of death and hell? And then and there I wrestled and pleaded for power to yield, and for power to lay hold of the atoning, risen, living, interced ing Saviour. And I shall always believe I did then obtain the blessing the Christian people call the "new birth." I was surely "born again," born into a new life. My whole being seemed to be changed. I was happy, and all the people looked to me as though they were happy. My happiness, too, was such as I had never experienced before. Sometime after this, however, I received another bless ing, or holy baptism of the spirit, still more wonderful and powerful than the first. I still remember its blessed and glorious effects upon me, yet I have no means to describe it to you. It was clear, sensible and powerful. I knew that I was indeed in Christ Jesus a new creature, gid things being passed away and all things become new. These blessings, allow me to say, children, I never have yet lost, though I have at times wandered some and had some " backslidings," as the Christian people used to say; still I have kept hold of the same Almighty help, and so amidst all the changes and vicissitudes falling to my lot in this checkered life so far, I am this day still happy, and God in Christ Jesus is my trust and Heaven my intended and unwaveringly hopeful home. . now. in closing this chapter, I wish to say to all the children, that my sincere conviction and belief is that God, our Heavenly Father, wishes the salvation of all the children of everybody, and that all should seek - pardon, and obtain and enjoy his indwelling love; and so be prepared for usefulness and happiness in this life, and then for the society of all the good and faithful in the life which is to come. 56 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; CHAPTER VIII. The Devils and Hell, and Those Who Go There. DEAR children, in the past chapter I have used the term "hell," and I am sure you would like me to tell you what I really think of that term and place, and a word about Satan, or the devil, himself. And I feel that under all the circumstances I should give you my views briefly in reference to this very thing, and so I will do it now. My mother was the first one who told me of the " bad place," for that was what they called this place then. I have told you that I believed my mother knew pretty well of the things she would tell me of, and that I knew she would never try to deceive or mislead me. So, from my mother, I got the impression, clear and firm, thajt there was a "bad place." And from her, too, I got the idea that in connection with this hell, or bad place, there was a devil, a chief devil and many other devils. And that these devils, the whole of them, were unredeemably abandoned, cast off for their rebellion and wickedness, and yet were still active in opposing God and in doing all in their power to ruin mankind, deceiving, mislead ing, and seeking to ruin all who might consent thus to be deceived and led in the way of sin, the devils all being limited by the distinct boundary and power of the human will. That is, that the devils could have no power over any one only as they might consent and agree that the devils might enter in, and so possess and then direct and control them in their purposes and actions, and as against all the dictates of reason and truth, and all God's love and goodness as revealed in his With Some Historical Events. holy word, and in all his merciful providences in their behalf. I then thought my mother was about right, and I am still of the same opinion, after all the thought and read ing and study, and all the experience of my life so far. Notwithstanding all the criticisms and denials, and strained expositions of God's word on the matter, I still believe that there are devils, abandoned, wicked spirits, and necessarily a hell, a "bad place." I believe that God's word, fairly and honestly read, as clearly maintains this doctrine to all candid minds as it does any other doctrine in it. And moreover, I believe that the history of the human race, embracing all ages, honestly and fairly read, clearly and conclusively shows the truth of existing devils, and also the imperious necessity for a hell for the final care of all the devils. A hell capacious enough too, to hold all those of the human race who, against all the dictates of human reason, and the love and word of the Heavenly Father, will of their own free choice only associate with the devils, doing their bidding in opposing God, and as far as possible deranging his plans of love and mercy to all the world, and so in effecting, to the full extent of their power, the shame and ruin of the children of men. Some people are known to express much sympathy for the "poor devils," as they say; and to propound many silly questions about the matter, and these people would do well to try to see clearly into the great truth announced by the old poet, thus : God is his own interpreter And he will make it plain. Indeed children, the longer I live and the more I feel of God and his holy government, and of man, and his 58 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; shameful, needless wickedness, the more I see the abso lute necessity in the mercy and goodness of God itself of there being a hell, so as to protect those who try to be good in loving and obeying him, and in doing justice and loving righteousness in their union and association in the great family of man. You see now in looking around, those even in com parative youth who have so given themselves up to the devil as to accomplish all kinds of wickedness with greediness, bringing sorrow and shame and death into the common family of man ; so desperate in wickedness that it would really seem that nothing but a powerful hell could restrain them and hold them in check. Then, finally, the talk with some that the " idea of a hell is cruel." This talk is all conceived in ignor ance, if not in the love of sin itself. The heights of intelligence and wisdom, and the power and glory of love, could never be attained only that the will of man is free. And 'so, if some will to go in with the devil, and finally, under the holy rulings and power of justice, find themselves shut up in hell, neither those who have willed to be good, and are good, nor the loving Father of the universe, are to blame for their punishment, though it even be eternal. A long time ago a good man, who well knew (James 4 : 7), said : " Resist the devil and he will flee from you." Let us all, children, heed and be happy. If we do right, though the heavens fall, there will no harm come to us. With Some Historical Events. 59 CHAPTER IX. The Enjoyment of Religion Guards us Against Dangers in Youth My First Sabbath-school The Power of God Attending Early Method ism The Wonderful Conversion of an Infidel. DEAR children, my conversion, my change of heart of which I have already told you, took place some time before I was sixteen, for I was about sixteen at the time I left home to go off and try to get an education, and my conversion was sometime before this, as then I know I was a full member of the M. E. Church. And so, when I stopped and settled at school, I sent for and received my church letter, and joined in the place where I was at school. And I know, children, that my having given my heart to God and united with a branch of his people, greatly helped me, and in many ways, when I was off and alone from my home and people. And here I will give you an instance in which I know it did greatly protect and help me probably, as I since have thought, saved me from ruin. As I have told you, I had to start off from home with scarcely any money, and so had to stop by the way and work for money to take me along. I traveled into an adjoining county, and when I got my rather scant extra suit of clothes washed it took the last two bits I had. But a chance offered for me to work for more. I considered myself a number one boy with an axe, and a gentleman, who was making salt in a small way, told me if I would cut and cord I think it was ten cords of wood, he would give me in cash four bits a cord, and I very gladly accepted his offer. And there were some five or six other young men chopping 60 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; . wood for this gentleman. These young men, I soon learned, were fond of some bad ways, and I heard them talk of some of their exploits in some of them, and also talk of other special arrangements which they had just ahead. And they talked seemingly joyously of the fun and pleasure they were sure they would have, and invited me to go and enjoy the pleasure with them. And for the moment I was almost ready to say I would go; that it would not likely do me harm to go and look on. But the very first act of the arrangement was to violate the Sabbath day. So, on reflecting, and in the fear of God, I declined, and this caused them all to turn against me, and I am sure they tried to injure me with my employer. But I finished my job nicely and in good time. And on Sunday my employer's wife, a good woman, sent for me, saying she wished to see me and talk some with me. After inquiring of my home and people, she expressed to me her great pleasure in seeing me observe the Sabbath day so quietly, and not go off with those wicked young men. She told me her hus band would employ me in chopping wood for him just as long as I wished; that he was pleased with me and with my work. These young men were soon paid off and left, and I remained and was treated as one of the family, which, considering my circumstances, was a very pleasant thing for me, as it was the first of my being any distance from home. This good woman was just like a mother to me while I stayed. I remained there until I got quite a little start of money to go on with. And there, boys, I got the first pair of boots I ever wore. For in those early days, if we boys could get one pair of home-tanned, home- With Some Historical Events. 61 made buckskin moccasins a year we were in rather extra good luck. But I want to say a word to the boys in reference to my fortunate escape from falling in with the plans and arrangements of those wicked young men. I am now pretty sure, after seeing all I have seen in life, that had I been under no religious enlightenment and conscientious restraints, and had gone in with them, I would most likely have been ruined for life. For in reference to some of their plans, Solomon describes the results clearly and minutely in the twenty-third chapter of his Proverbs; all of you boys just please read that chapter, and study it carefully, and see how fortunate I was to escape the snares laid to take me in while yet so young. And just think, dear boys, how happy you will be, if you, too, faithfully shun those terrible snares into which so many dear, precious youths have so unfortunately fallen and there lost all their hopes for happiness in this life and in the life which is to come. I have already somewhat detailed my educational experience to you, children, which came on soon after the time I have been just now speaking of, and I will now proceed in giving you further items and incidents in my religious life. While living with Father Cheuveront, going to school, and then teaching, I had many religious privileges. The counsel and instruction and books of this good man were great blessings to^tne. In the settlement, too, we had some kind of religious exercises every Sabbath. We had a kind of Sunday-school too, but not like the children now have. As well as I can remember, we simply repeated to the Superintendent the verses of scripture which we had learned by heart during the week, 62 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; and we were commended according to the number of verses we repeated and the correctness with which we spoke them. I remember one Sabbath of giving an entire chapter, the first of I. Peter, containing twenty- five verses, which really contains in itself a wonder ful "body of divinity." And since I began writing to you about it, I have looked it over and find that when I get a fair start on it, I can yet repeat the whole chap ter. I wish, children, every one of you would learn this entire chapter by heart, as I did. The Methodist people in those days were com paratively few in number, and I think were looked on by many as being rather under par in point of class They were usually plain then, almost to a novelty. But they were spiritual in experience and in religious effort; preachers and people, men and women. They talked and felt that nothing good or effective could be done unless God, by the Holy Spirit, would help them. And I know that in the revival meetings one special prayer was always made that God, by the Holy Spirit, would awaken and convict sinners of their sins and their need of salvation. Their weapons, with those who opposed them, were not hard words and disputations, but faith and fervent prayer. Men of infidel persuasion seemed to feel specially called on to oppose the Methodists, and to expose what they regarded as their errors in doctrine and their fan aticism in effort. One of these Infidel friends of theirs I must here tell you of, as he became a special acquaint ance of mine and told me himself much of what I am here going to tell you. He was well educated, and neat and dressy, a perfect " ladies' man," and I suppose I might say he was a fair With Some Historical Events. 63 sample of an original Robert Ingersol, only that he was sincere and not working for money. He objected to Methodist doctrines generally, and to their getting the people in such earnestness about it, particularly. But there was one thing which of all others was most unendurably offensive to Mr. Gooseman, for that was his name. This intolerably offensive thing was, that these Methodists would so work on the impressible feelings of women that they would speak out in meeting, loudly, and even pray in public. Meeting a little company of these sisters, Mr. Gooseman kindly, but earnestly remon strated with them, pointing out to them the shame and absurdity of such conduct. The sisters took it all kindly, and no doubt looking up to Him from whom all their help came, they said: "We have one of our little prayer- meetings (giving the place and time); you seem to feel much interest in us and for the cause, come and be with us at the meeting, and so learn more particularly what we do and what we wish." "Oh yes," said Mr. Goose man, " certainly, I will meet with you; I am not the man to refuse to do what the ladies suggest to me that I ought to do on my part." What those sisters did till the appointed meeting came on, those acquainted with our mothers and sisters of. the olden Methodist times will readily imagine. Any way the time came, and Mr. Gooseman came, and I have no doubt, but with his best outfit of fine clothes, includ ing as the custom then was, a fine, glossy, ruffled shirt bosom, and was seated. The sisters opened their meeting, read the Scriptures and sung sweetly, and in the spirit, and prayed and sung and had great liberty the same Holy Spirit falling on them which so enlightened and happified the early dis- 64 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; ciples. And with all, Mr. Gooseman was seen to be wonderfully affected as he sat there upon his seat, and most likely would have gotten up and left only foi his gallantry. But after a time he could not have left, his bodily strength even failing him so that soon he fell prostrate on the floor, and was] for a time almost as a dead man. The sisters, however, were not alarmed, for they understood his case, and prayed for him. And I have no doubt that they sung the good old song, as they always did then at such a time: " Come humble sinner in whose breast A thousand thoughts revolve, Come with your guilt and fear oppress'd And make this last resolve, I'll go to Jesus, though my sin Has like a mountain rose, I know his courts, I'll enter in, Whatever may oppose. Jfrostrate I'll lie before his throne And there my guilt confess; I'll tell him I'm a wretch undone, Without his sovereign grace." He told me that at that stage he felt such a weight of sin and guilt before God as no tongue could describe, and that he really feared for the time being that hell would be his inevitable doom. But that he called with all his soul to God for mercy and that he did yield, felt he did, and that pleading and saying in the fullness of his soul : "Here Lord I give myself away T'is all that I can do." And so laying hold of Christ, by faith, peace came, and like a river of glory into his soul, and with it such joy and love as he had never known before, and that he With Some Historical Events. 6$ had no language only that of praise to God and the Lamb. He made this strange declaration to me: Said he, "When I opened my mouth to speak, all I could utter was Glory, glory, glory to God and the Lamb." Said he, "I felt this word form down deep in my soul, and so when I spoke it was Glory, glory, glory be to God and the Lamb." Suffice it to say, the sisters had not only rest and peace in their devotions after this, but a great, and ready, and willing and faithful helper in the noted person of Brother Gooseman. I knew him well, and a more faith ful, zealous Christian did not live in all that section of country. I doubt not but that to-day, in a far more glorious place his happy voice is heard by angelic hosts and happy saints, as he says: "Glory, glory, glory to God and the Lamb." If poor Robert Ingersol had met the kindness of such dear sisters as these years ago, to-day he might have been a happy Christian, possibly. As it is, I fear poor Ingersol is fast nearing his everlasting ruin, though I still try to pray for him, though his late speeches show that his case is really a desperate one now. CHAPTER X. My Belief in God and in His Infallible Truth and Justice Licensed to Preach and Employed on Guyandott Circuit A Pleasant Year, and Some Success The Same Circuit, in Part, First Traveled by Bishop Cavanaugh The Poor Have the Gospel Preached to Them. DEAR children, I know that in reading carefully what I have already written in this sketch you will clearly perceive that I believe in God, the great creator and 5 66 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; upholder and ruler of all this great universe. I believe this; I believe it with all the powers of my being. I believe, too, that God has revealed himself to us in what we call the Holy Scriptures, just as fully and clearly as it is possible for him to reveal his will to us in our present imperfect state of being, accompanying this revelation, as he does, with the light, impression and direction of the Holy Spirit, affording this light and help to every soul of man ; not even passing by those we call the heathen nations. I believe that every one who distrusts God and opposes him, and who speaks lightly and unbelievingly of his holy revealed will, does a great injury to all his interests, and at the same time, to all the interests of the common family of man. And it is true, as the good man of old said: "The fool has said in his heart there is no God." I believe that man is immortal and so will live on eternally; the good with God and holy kindred spirits, and the incorrigibly bad with the devil and his angels. And I believe that every principle of love and justice demands just this state of things reward for the good, and punishment for the bad. God made man free, so he may attain glorious heights of love, and joy, and wisdom, and power. So, too, those who will only do wickedly and yield their will up to the devil, will finally find themselves the inseparable associates of the devil and his angels, but so restricted as to be no more able to disturb the good. For God will reign in righteousness when all enemies are conquered. But, children, I started out to tell you in this chapter of the time and circumstances when I started out to try to preach the gospel. With Some Historical Events. 67 In the year 1832 I was teaching a country school in Mason County, West Virginia, not far out from the Ohio River, and boarding round with the families sending to school. In the settlement there were quite a number of young people, with the most of whom I soon became acquainted. And I must here tell you how we young folks there managed to be social and to improve our selves while enjoying each other's society. We would often meet of an evening at a designated neighbor's house, and, usually, a spirited spelling match was promi nent on the programme. Sometimes we read, and kindly criticised, and often we joined in singing some of our good spiritual songs and hymns, and would all kneel down and engage in social prayer. And there is a little incident still fresh on my mind, which came off at one of these little meetings, and I will here relate it to you. One evening, after we had sung and prayed, and were singing another song, a young lady was seen to be much affected, weeping bitterly and using words of deep peni tence and prayer. But to. be brief, in a little time she was seen to be in a wonderfully changed state, and both in looks and words showed clearly to us all that she was wonderfully blessed, and was inexpressibly happy. Her face seemed really to shine, doubtless from the same holy cause which produced the shining appearance we are told of on the Mount of Transfiguration. It was just delightful to see her, and to hear her praise God, and to hear her expressions of deep-felt love for us all. Of course we were all much affected, and some of us greatly rejoiced with her. As their teacher, I had the care and management of these little meetings, and I might add, by the way, that teachers then who went ahead and succeeded well in their schools were regarded 68 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; as entitled to rather special respect in good society, as I am sure they ought to be now, and everywhere. I enjoyed myself religiously. In my school in the morn ing, I always read a short portion of scripture and prayed with my children; and no one those times was ever infidel enough to complain, or tell me it must not be done. These little meetings I here tell you of grew in interest and were attended even with revival influence, which extended over into other neighborhoods. Still I was not a preacher, and at that time was ready to con clude, notwithstanding all my previous impressions in that direction, that, owing to my unavoidable failure in finishing my education, I never should be able to enter that holy calling. About this time, it being near the close of my school term, the Presiding Elder of the dis trict called on me and told me that he wished me to come down to Point Pleasant to quarterly meeting; that he proposed to have me licensed to preach, and to send me as an assistant preacher on to the Guyandott Circuit till Conference. I admitted to him my previous convictions running in the direction of the holy ministry; but frankly told him of my great lack of a suitable education. He still insisted, saying others before me had been in this fix, but had gone out in the strength of the Master and had accomplished blessed work for Christ in the M. E. Church, and that I could, anyway, have the chance of finishing my education on horseback. Well, at that quarterly meeting they gave me a local preacher's license to preach, and the Elder sent me to the Guyandott Circuit as the assistant preacher with brother Ebenezer T. Webster he having left the ap pointments all around for me. Of course the people had in their new supply a green preacher. But I know With Some Historical Events. 69 the more I tried to preach, and tried to get the people to be good, the more I felt interested in the work. And whatever others may have thought of my efforts, I believed then, and so still believe, that God blessed me in it. And I know I prayed for increasing light and help, and I know I found encouragement, and then increasing faith and strength in prayer. Brother Webster was really a talented, educated man, and was very kind to me. He had some peculiarities, however, which sometimes got him into a little trouble. His reproofs had sometimes the appearance of harshness, and some thought they were occasionally uncalled for. During the year he was complained of to the Elder; and when the Elder was talking to him he wept, and said, "It is strange, that with all my efforts to get along smoothly like other preachers, I seem to fail." And I remember the Elder said to him, "Brother Webster, you should discipline your eyes as well as your tongue, for there are times when your eyes look sharp as pitch forks ; and then, when you speak, those people feel ter ribly pierced and goaded." But, after all, there was nothing very serious came out of those troubles. Along through the latter part of that year we had a blessed work on the circuit, and many were converted and joined the church. One instance I know you will excuse me for personally naming, a Colonel Everett and family. The Colonel was a noble specimen of a man if I re member right, a member of Congress; and we had some honest men in Congress in those times. His wife and daughters were very interesting. I was kindly invited to make his home my stopping-place in passing, which I did, and we would all talk on the subject of religion, and I would pray with the family. In short, 70 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; during the year the Colonel was powerfully converted, and his wife, and I think all the daughters, and joined the M. E. Church, and so became a family truly devoted to God, and a blessed help to many others. I heard the Colonel say to the Elder in the fall, in a large re ligious meeting, "I owe my conversion, under God, to this young man you sent onto the circuit, and I own that boy as my spiritual father." Notwithstanding the rough, mountainous character of much of that circuit, as it then was, we had in its bounds a number of men of special note. Beside Colonel Ev erett, which I have named, we had Rev. Stephen and Rev. Burwell Spurlock, both strong men, the latter especially being regarded as possessing more than ordi nary talents. I remember of hearing him preach a funeral discourse on the death of Dr. Adam Clarke. Then, besides these, we had Rev. Stephen P. and Rev. Jones Heath, the latter being the father-in-law of our brother, Rev. J. L. Burchard, of the California Con ference. And all these were my early intimate friends, all, I suppose, gone off to the better world, taking their sheaves with them. One little incident I will give you in closing this chapter, which will give you a glimpse of the hard times which some folks had to endure in those early days. One of our appointments was away up in the mountains, on the Big Sandy waters. There we had a faithful little congregation, and all, or nearly all men, women, and children came to church in their bare feet. And I heard it said that one of our preachers of Irish lineage hurt their feelings just in this way: Seeing them come into meeting just after a thunder storm, and, of course, their bare feet a little muddy, he said to them, "Brethren and sisters, our discipline re- With Some Historical Events. 71 quires cleanliness and dacency, and when you come to meeting next time, try and wash your fate." The brothers and sisters, no doubt, justly felt that the preacher might have found enough to think and speak of up about the region of their hearts, without getting down and making a disturbance among their bare feet, if even they were a little soiled. This country of which I now speak, constituted in part the first work ever Bishop Cavanaugh was sent to, as well as myself, as the good Bishop and I have since compared notes. At the close of this year I was recommended as a suitable candidate for admission, on trial, in the Ohio Conference of the M. E. Church, which recommendation was taken up by my beloved Presiding Elder, Brother Isaac C. Hunter, while I remained in my work on the circuit. CHAPTER XL Received on Trial in the Ohio Conference, and Appointed to Nicholas Circuit, W. Virginia Sold Lots of Good Books A Desperate Man Converted; also a Whisky Merchant, Who Poured Out All His Liquors A Snake in Church, and the Hornets after My Head The Elder Alarmed, Fearing the Turtles Would Bite his Toes Off. DEAR children, we must now proceed with our sketch, and we have a large section of country before us this year. At the Ohio Conference of 1832, I was received on trial as a traveling preacher, and appointed as junior preacher on the Nicholas Circuit, West Virginia, Rev. Barnard A. Cassatt being the preacher in charge, and Rev. Robert O. Spencer the Presiding Elder of the district I went immediately, after getting my appoint- 72 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; ment, on to the work. The country then embraced was large, and much of it very rough, and the settle ments rather scattered, and some of them far between. Indeed, then the whole country there was properly regarded as frontier. Wild game was plenty bear, deer, and wild turkey, and even many wolves and pan thers, and so there were many hunters. On much of the work we often ate fat bear meat, and good venison, and fat wild turkey. But, of course, as the custom then was, the good sisters would often get us up a first-class chicken dinner, as the general belief then was that the Methodist preachers were all passionately fond of chickens. Then, for supper, we could have good corn- meal mush and sweet milk. Our living was good, and plenty of it; and when ready to eat, we always thanked God, and asked the continuance of his blessings, tem poral and spiritual. Bro. Cassatt and I got on harmoniously together. He was a Frenchman, and well educated, and a good theologian. And so, while he did the strictly theo logical, scientific preaching, I was in good earnest trying to do the more miscellaneous, exhortational work. I called on the young people, told them kindly of the danger and misery of being servants of sin and Satan, and of the great blessings of being the children of God, and of gaining that happiness which forgiveness of sins and fellowship with God can alone secure. I had known much from a boy of the hunter's life, and I went among these hardy, honest frontier men, and reasoned with them, urging that, while they could fearlessly attack the wild bear, and wolf, and panther, they should come out on the Lord's side, and engage with all their native bravery in subduing sin and con- With Some Historical Events. 73 quering Satan, and so in building up God's holy king dom among men. I noticed, too, that when the chil dren would embrace religion, setting out in good earnest to live devoted Christian lives, it would not be so dif ficult, directly, to reach the parents more frequently, first, the mother, and then the father. Our societies grew up wonderfully in many parts of the work during the year. And our camp-meeting in the fall was really a wonderful time of holy spiritual power. One incident of that meeting I must give you here : There was a man near the place of the meeting who was terrible in wickedness, and was much dreaded, as he was especially hostile to Methodist preachers, and to revivals of religion, and it was greatly feared that he would get his chums, and try to break up the meeting. But he was not seen to come onto the ground till Sab bath morning, and then, at this time, a really wonderful work of revival was going on. This man came walking boldly up to the altar rail, and some of his special asso ciates near him. He stopped there, and there stood lean ing against the rail, but said nothing. In a short time he was seen to turn pale and was trembling, and soon fell over the rail down into the altar, and was for a time as a dead man. An awful solemnity pervaded the place and all the people. But, without detaining you with all the minutiae of this case, the man was there converted to God, saved from the power of sin and the devil, and was then one of the happiest men living, and was seen to be really a man of rather extra talents, as was at once shown by the striking description he gave of his wicked life and purposes, and of the mercy and goodness of God in sparing him and affording him salvation. 74 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; That meeting was a memorable one, and its good effects remain in operation to this day. There was still another wonderful conversion there, of which I must also tell you a leading merchant, who, besides other merchandise, was doing a large business in buying and selling intoxicating liquors. This man, too, was converted powerfully saved from his sins and from their condemnation; and so went home happy, full of the love of God. But there was his store of liquors, and he had just had a new supply ordered and just then put in his store. Some of his old whisky customers accosted him pleasantly when he came to his place of business, expecting, no doubt, as he was professing to be feeling extra well, he would afford them a good treat of whisky. But instead of that he exhorted them to leave off, at once, this and all their sinful ways, and to turn to God and seek salvation. They said to him, "But what are you going to do with your whisky? He told them he would see about that in due time. And sure enough, pretty soon his clerks were seen rolling out a barrel of whisky near the edge of the gutter. Then the lovers of it began in earnest to remonstrate, saying, "Why, don't pour out that whisky. If you won't allow it to be drunk, why just let us save it for vinegar." "That's my business," said he. " Knock ou-t the head, boys, and bring out the other barrels. I have done all the mischief I ever intend to do in this miserable liquor business. I cannot undo all the evil I have done, but I can pour out the stuff I have on hand, so that no more people will be cursed with this by me. Knock out the heads, boys, and let it into the filthy gutter." This man was indeed a converted man all over, and he was happy in doing his duty. He was a man of With. Some Historical Events. 75 means, too, and so did much to strengthen and build up the cause of God. The last I heard of him he was press ing onward and upward, doing good and having peace with God and in joyful hopes of Heaven. All the older good people of West Virginia will remember Father Burns. In the other extreme of the circuit, we had a stirring revival, too, and a number there united with the church. Brother Spencer, our beloved Elder, came up and assisted us and held his quarterly meeting. A little circumstance which occurred here I will relate, as in giving a narration of anything, what happens on one side, if even it is a little different, should as well be told as all on the other side. And what I am going to tell you of was in connection with our good Presiding Elder, and he was a good man, learned, sincere, and loving in all his dispositions and ways. In talking, he always had a little but beautiful lisp. Among the new converts at this our Benson appoint ment was a large, fleshy man, who, when to be baptized, chose the mode of immersion, and desired that the Elder should attend to it. So a meeting was held t>n the margin of Brother Benson's mill-dam, the only place convenient with deep enough water. At the proper time young Brother Benson was requested to wade into the water, stick in hand, and mark the proper place, which he did, leaving the mark where the water very nearly reached his arm-pits. Brother Spencer and the man started in, but as they were slowly walking in the water the Elder was seen to make rather hasty jerking motions with his legs, as his feet, each step, would go down a foot or so into the soft mud. All of a sudden he partly turned, rather hurriedly, and quickly called out, " Brother The Life of Lorenzo Waugk; Benson, are there any turtles in here ?" "No," said Ben son. But it was too much for Brother Cassatt; being French, and to laugh and stay lean being French char acteristics, he could not stand it, and yet, what to do with himself was the trouble. And I would not like to try to describe here just what he did do. The next day, however, he was heard to complain of feeling terribly sore about his chest. And even after that was seen often suddenly to laugh aloud at the thought of Brother Spen- A SNAKE IN CHURCH. cer's honest fears of getting his toes bit off down in the mud by the snapping-turtles. At another place on this circuit I had a real scare in my congregation, and at the time of the opening prayer. Our church houses then were not so fine and convenient as they are now, almost everywhere. They were built of long hewed logs and matched in at the ends, and the planking of the floors was simply what we called punch eons, large pieces of split timber, hewed with the broad- With Some Historical Events. 77 axe on the top side; and in some cases the jointing was badly done, as was the case where I am now speaking of, there being a crack near the middle of the church, about two or three inches wide. Well, in time of prayer, a good staid lady cried out as she jumped from her knees, "A snake! a snake!" and such was the effect that I think the "amen" was omitted. And sure enough there was a large black snake, some four or fi ve feet long, which by this time had crawled clear up out of the crack onto the floor, among the frightened congregation, under some strange excitement, which, if his snakeship understood, the people did not* And then he, the old serpent, being even tardy in fleeing, got his head bruised accord ing to the old promise and commandment, and so was cast out of church. At another place in this circuit I was myself found in what some of my good congregation felt as was plainly to be seen by their actions was rather a laughable fix; but which under a little variation of circumstances would have been very far from being laughable either for them or me. The appointment was at an old log meeting house, which had not been used for months. Just after I got fairly started to preach, I saw that quite a number of the audience, the elder folks as well as the younger people, were terribly tickled, and I knew I had not said anything that ought to have that effect on anybody just then. My desk was near the wall, and a glass window just close behind, and as the tickling increased, they still looking at me, or the window, I looked around, and there was a great hornets' nest built to the upper corner of the window, and every bald hornet popping away at *I was reading this manuscript to some children the other day, when a little girl earnestly exclaimed, "Why that snake came up to hear the singing." 78 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; my head, and would have hit me every lick, if it had not been for the glass. My voice had aroused them, and, like other cannibals, they had never heard preach ing, and were in a desperate rage. This was my initiation year in selling Bibles, Testa ments, and many other good books among the people, from our Methodist Book Concern. And I still think that in a number of instances these good books were the leading means in the conversion of those who bought and read them. Near the close of the year, Brother Cassatt married one of our good West Virginia girls. And you know I have already told you what good wives some of the good West Virginia girls made. And had you seen Brother Cassatt soon after he was so fortunate as to make the practical test in the case of the good Miss Koonse (a lady of the noble German extraction); had you seen how it lighted up every feature of his being whenever getting within reach of her shadow, you would have been fully assured that I did not .overrate these good girls. I remained on the circuit while the other preachers went on to Conference. CHAPTER XII. Long Journey from West Virginia to the North of Ohio Kindness of the Quakers Happy Revivals Christian Kindness of Presbyterian People Taken by My Elder on to the Norwalk Circuit An Acros tic by a Twin Sister. AND now, children, you may start with me on my first long journey in my itinerant work. My appoint ment for the ensuing year was to the Mt. Gilead Circuit, With Some Historical Events. 79 high up in the north of Ohio. A good man an Irish man Father Wilson, was preacher in charge. I had a splendid young horse, a beautiful bay, and of the gen uine old Virginia stock. And my saddle-bags were new, strong and large. My clothes were plain and comfort able, with good woolen socks, enough to do me for the year, which the good sisters had knit and given me. And I had some money in my pocket, saved from my salary of one hundred dollars, paid me in full on the circuit. So I started on the only great highway then in the country, going on down via the great " Hawk's Nest;" so on down the great Kanawha River, and crossing the Ohio near where the old brave Cornstalk was killed and buried. Then through nearly the whole length of the great State of Ohio, via Columbus, its capital, and so on to my work in good time. Here again I found myself in a new frontier country, just settling up am^ng the great beech forests, and often miry, unbridged marshes, and running streams, with the noted Wyandotte Indian tribe just out northwest of us in the direction of " Upper Sandusky." The circuit comprised a few little scattered-about societies, but a large scope of country. So, Father Wilson and I went to work; and in some places we met some opposition. The Universalist brethren were, I think, the most numerous body of pro fessed Christians then settled in the north of Ohio. They believed that such was the mercy of God that, some way or other, everybody would finally get to heaven; and they rather, doubtless sincerely, opposed us Methodists. And they charged us even in their sermons honestly and piously no doubt, with preaching that very unpleasant doctrine of " hell and damnation v 8o The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; in the case of every finally incorrigible sinner against Jehovah's holy, just government. But with these good brethren we had no rancorous difficulties. We found them, often, at the head of good society, and in learning and in general intelligence equal to any. The Friends, or Quaker brethren, were considerably numerous then in the north of Ohio, and of these good people I must here say a few words. I think it was by their kindness and prayers, with God's blessing, that much good was done in their settlements and in their families during the year. These good Christian people had been then lately suffering much spiritual disturbance and loss by internal doctrinal differences, and, as I became acquainted with them, they communicated freely with me in reference to their spiritual state. One good leading sister, especially, expressed her deep sorrow, as she said, " The Friends have lost much of that holy spiritual power and union with God which used to be our prominent joy, and means of our religious success; that their young people were growing up and falling into the frivolities of the world, and she hoped and prayed the Lord would give me success in my work among the people." At one of my meetings a man, who had been raised a zealous Friend, was wonderfully blessed, and continued to attend the meetings, and was often moved by the Holy Spirit to speak. Many of the young people also began to attend our meetings; and soon a glorious work of the Holy Spirit was realized, and a number were con verted and made inexpressibly happy, and joined our society. This good brother first mentioned, we appointed the leader. And so the blessed work went on, all in good order, With Souie Historical Events. 81 as it always will when the teachings of the Spirit of God are faithfully obeyed. At these meetings we had but little need of preaching regular sermons, for all freely spoke men, women and children as they were moved by the Holy Spirit. The remembrance of these seasons of love, and holy spiritual power, and ingathering of precious souls, is still cheering to the spirit. At two other points on the circuit, we had also glori ous revival seasons, one of these being an entirely new place. The society at this place was raised up in the fallowing way : A well-to-do, rather influential, but worldly man, living in the settlement, a Virginian, learn ing that I hailed from the " Old Dominion," invited me to call and see his family, which I did with much pleas ure; and, finding quite a settlement, and no religious meeting of any kind in it, I asked my friend if I could not leave an appointment at his house, so as to have the neighbors all come in, and get acquainted with them; and that I would give them a talk on the bless ings and duties in connection with Christianity. He cheerfully assented, and the appointment was made. The time came, and I found, on arriving, about all of the neighbors there. So, after a good shake-hands and introductions, and a social, friendly little chat all round, I proceeded with my part of the promise, and preached them Christ, and his willingness to save us all, and our duty to yield and be saved from our sins, and so fitted for the heavenly inheritance. At the close of the meet ing I was pressingly invited to come again, and made the arrangement to do so; and the place became a rey- O i o ular meeting-place. And best of all, this man and his house were converted, and many of the people, and we had soon there one of our best societies, and this, my Tht Lift of Lorenzo Wangh; good Virginia friend, was their faithful, earnest leader. The other point I refer to was not far from the home of our present beloved Bishop Wm. Logan Harris' sainted widowed mother, a faithful Presbyterian sister. The leading families, indeed, in the settlement were Presbyterians, but were without regular stated preaching. These Presbyterian families were well-disciplined, well- regulated families, the young people being very nice, and very intelligent as, I am happy to say, is a notice able characteristic of our good, old-styled Presbyterian families everywhere. We held our meetings there in a comfortable, roomy log-house, which soon, at our meetings, was filled with attentive people; and it was not long until a holy power seemed to pervade the meetings; and soon a most glori ous revival of religion was the happy result. Among the young people converted and made happy, was a young lady whose parents were leading Presbyterians, and who was the school teacher there. She was remarkably, wonderfully blessed, and though naturally very modest and timid, was constrained, under the pow erful light of the Holy Spirit, and the holy love which filled her soul to overflowing, to speak out and tell of this love, which she sd happily enjoyed, and to urge others, the young and all, to seek at once this great sal vation. Her manner and words, and even her look, were so loving and impressive that she proved a great help in this good work. She became my intimate friend, a dear Christian young lady, and still I love to think of her holy love and Christian aspirations, as I doubt not, to day her happy spirit mingles with the white-robed com pany which no man can number Rev. 7:9. A short time ago, I knelt down by the marble slab which marks With Some Historical Events. 83 the last earthly resting-place of my dear friend, CAROLINE CUMMINGS, and thanked God for all my continued earthly blessings, and for the gospel hope of meeting friends beyond the reach of death or separation. I continued in the work on this circuit until the 26th of January, 1835, and then went down to the Norwalk Cir cuit, under the direction of John H. Power, my Presid ing Elder. A Brother Hill was the preacher in charge of the Norwalk work, and his assistant preacher a Brother Goshorn had been put into Norwalk Seminary to teach. So the Elder supplied my place on the Mt Gilead work with a promising young preacher up there, and put me on the Norwalk work, to fill the place of Brother Goshorn. Having become much interested in the work on Mt. Gilead Circuit, and made many interesting acquaintances^ I felt it rather a hardship to leave the field where I had enjoyed so much pleasant though often fatiguing labor, so many endearing associations, and above all, the scenes where the Holy Spirit had so often been manifested in connection with my humble efforts. But we juniors were instructed from the start that it was right and proper to obey our elders in the gospel. So trusting all to God's disposing, I went immediately on the receipt of my call from the Presiding Elder to my place on the Norwalk work. To show that we were not forgotten by some of our young religious friends, I will here append the following acrostic lines, the well-preserved original still being in my possession, after the lapse of more than forty years. The author was a beautiful twin sister, then a student in the Norwalk Seminary : $4 Tht Life of Lorenzo Waugh; ACROSTIC. Lorenzo, hast thou resolved thy youchful days to spend. Offering to man salvation: and thus thv course to rnd : Ready art thou affliction- and -!-rmy winds tc brave .' Endure life's bitt'rest ills, immortal souls to save? Nor is there ought will daunt thee: canst thou sin'- \\u\cv i-i.rl Zeal hast thou, love, and courage enough thy foes to <|iieil 2 Oft pride, that soul destroyer, man's most smve>-ful foe, VITill strive thy best exertions and labors to o'erthrow. Ah, let not this deter thee; thy calling's glorious hope. Unaided by things earthly. >hall i>ii"V thy spirits up. Go, then, preach free salvation, for all it is prepared: Heaven, if thou art faithful, shall be thy sure reward. Be thou, by this encouraged; thy onward cour>e pursue: Yes, raise the eye of faith, and ffeaven'-; bright splendor view Youth's morning sun there brightens, with a celestial glow; Of all on earth that's darling, naught can such beaut ie- show. Unseen, unheard by mortals, the glories there prepared, Reserved for the enjoyment of those who love 'lie ' Friendship is not forgotten, but brightens into lo\e: Replete with joy, friends reunite, celestial joy.- io prove. In sweet, harmony they >ing their Saviour's worthy praise. Even with angelic choirs join; to highest notes they raise- . Nor -;ongs grow dull, nor \oice. e'er lire, nothing h.i-l thuTo fear Delightful, joyous prospects, enough thv heait to cheer. Joy, then, that God e'er called thee to stand on Zion's wall, And iound the gospel trumpet, on sinners loud tc call: Nor cease, whether they'll hear thee, or whether they loil,-Ai; Ever, his whole counsel, most faithfully declare, t Ohio, July 6, /. With Snmr ITtslm-n-nl F-.'sttf*. 85 CllAl'THR XIII. A TMeasan! 'I'ime on the \oru.ilk \\oik- A KenuirkaMe Mrrting -A Big Sailor ( onver'ed -A I Mushier Driven from Homo lor l>ein^ ('on- verted Big !lurr;ih over the l.i^hlin^ of a Malrlj An Aerostir: and Response- Gathering Shells on Lake, Klie's Shore OH for (Jon. tercnce. D K.\l\ children, Norwalk was the educational center in north Ohio, at that time. The seminary was under the control of the M. K. Church, and really a flourishing institution of learning, and many students, young ladies and gentlemen, were then in attendance. Kcv. II. O. Sheldon was the agent, and actively engaged in its interests. And there was a good, and increasing religious interest in the town and in the school. The extent ot the Norwalk work was very large, running back in the country east and south for miles ; and thrn including all the country down to Lake Erie and on it" line from away below the mouth of the Huron River up to Sandusky .Bay, and including the city of Sandusky* and still on up in the direction of Upper Sandusky some miles further, requiring three weeks for each preacher to make the round. I can say that the progress of the religious work on this circuit was very encouraging, and there was much harmony and faithful co-operation in the good work both among the preachers and the people. We had a most interesting class of converted, pious young men- such, both in intelligence and energy as are rarely to be found anywhere. .And out of thc^ canir Finally a host of young M. K. preachers, and even tuo .Bishops Thompson and Harris. But the most of them have been called from labor to reward, while a very few of us still are left 86 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; I would love here to give a long list of those dear young men with whom I used to study, and pray, and exhort, and preach, on the Norwalk work, but my limits forbid. Still it is blessed yet to think how God did bless and strengthen and help us. Allow me to give a few of the items and incidents of those times. We appointed a meeting to begin at the little town of Monroeville on the 2Oth of June, 1835, where the mass of the people seemed utterly indifferent to the claims and interests of Christianity, and some of them were avowedly infidel, but generally very intelligent. During the early part of the meeting it seemed dark, and hard for the preachers to preach. At night, as Brother Harry O. Sheldon was preaching, the Holy Spirit seemed to pour down all of a sudden and the preacher was ushered into a state of wonderful spiritual liberty; and this extra and wonderful power was felt throughout the entire congregation. And after a hymn was finally sung, it was seen that, probably, over a dozen men had fallen from their seats prostrate on the floor, some seemingly almost as dead men, and others crying most earnestly to God for mercy, yet there was no confusion, but only a holy and deep solemnity. In the congregation there were two doctors, both of the Universalist belief. These doctors both began to give some attention to those who seemed to be most like dying or dead men, and one said, rather in a harsh way, "These men are dying." The other, rather in a smiling mood, said, " No, sir, no signs of natural dying here, Doctor. It is something else, Doctor." The first then excitedly left, while the other remained with us. And in short, it served to be a time of glorious conquering and conquest over sin and Satan, in the name and strength of Jesus With Some Historical Events. 87 and by the power of the Holy Spirit sent down upon the people. A number were converted to God and made happy in his love. Among the number was a sturdy sailor from off Lake Erie, an Englishman, who delighted everybody with the happy sailor way he told of the holy peace and joy he had that night obtained, and of his love to God, and all the good people for the blessed ness that he was so happily enjoying, and with those the happiest messmates he had ever met." He shouted at the very top of his voice and gave Jesus the praise just as heartily, I have no doubt, as did the sick and blind whom Jesus healed when on earth in person. We had some revival work in other parts of the circuit, and some opposition, occasionally. I remember the case of a good young lady who, for being converted and joining the Methodists, was driven off from home. The following was written for her: ACROSTIC. Ensur'd to us are all things good, So long as we uprightly walk; The Lord hath said support he would, His promise stands he cannot mock, Enough, dear sis! if God's your friend, Relations, friends and glory's sure; Ask but in faith, his grace he'll send; Go to his throne till you are pure. In peace and joy you then shall live, Belov'd and bless'd by all the good; Be calm when Death his call shall give, Salvation sing beyond the flood. [From Ps. 84: n.] LORENZO WAUGH. Norwalk, Ohio, April, 1835. This young lady, besides being a faithful Christian was a faithful student, and became the faithful wife of a talented young Methodist minister. 88 The Life of L T must here tell the children what a great "hurrah" I saw a great company of people make at the Norwalk Seminary just over the lighting of a match. Harry O. Sheldon had been off to New York, getting various supplies for the Seminary; and on getting back, he gave notice that he would exhibit on a stated evening all he had obtained, stating, as seemingly an inducement to stir up all the people to atteftd, that he would exhibit the late wonderful discovery, the " Lucifer match; 1 ' that, with this new and wonderful thing, he would light up the great hall at a stated minute, and so all should be on hand; that it would be a reality, and no "Yankee trick" or humbug about it. Of course the hall was jammed full of excited, anxious people. And there on the stand were a lot of candles, and in good time Harry O. came in and gravely took his seat, a fine robust gentleman, when people had a good light to look at him. And really Harry O. Sheldon was in some respects rather an extraordinary man, and some, who had seen him at times at some of his religious meetings, might possibly be induced to believe that Harry O., under special emer gencies, might be induced even to " raise the devil;" as it was known that he neither feared him nor his imps.* There the people sat and darkness covered them in, Some whispered, and possibly some sat trembling, fearing Harry O., might have "Old Lucifer" in his box, and would let him loose with his iron skin and cloven feet right among them. All of a sudden Harry O.'s shrill voice was heard, "Prepare for the Lucifer match." Then all was still a moment. Then carne the shrill voice, "Now look out for the Lucifer match." A snap was * Harry O. Sheldon is still living at the time of this writing, a vener able old patriarch, now in the ;ighty-third year of his age. With Sour? Tfistorical F^'nifs, 89 hrard, and in a minute the great hall was in a blaze of light, and such hollering and clapping and stamping had not been heard lately. Probably you children arc ready to say, "Well, whai H silly set of folks- you were to be excited over the licjif ing of a little bit of a match. But children, just think. this was the first match any of us had ever seen. And before this, the usual way to get a lire, if it had gnnr out, was to have a flint and piece of steel, and what vve called a piece of spunk to catch and light the sparks which with the steel we struck out of the Hint. Thr Indian mode of getting fire was still more simple than ours. They got their fire by rapidly rubbing two dry sticks together. We folks, when young, lived in quit' a different time of the world, children, from what you do and some of our ways then of getting along you would never know, or even think of, unless we told you. At the Norwalk Seminar)', with the others, there were some Indian students; for instance, John Armstrong and his sister. John was a handsome, smart boy, too, and he afterwards married one of Ohio's good, smart, hand some girls, the daughter of Klder Russell Higeloe. Tu1. as I intend further on in this sketch, if spared, to tell you something about the Indians, I will not detain you on that matter now; but will only say here that with my early dread of Indians, I was really sin-prised here at. Norwalk to meet a young, well-educated, lovely lady, who had spent considerable time as a teacher and mis sionary among the Wyandott Indians. This good lady was Jane C. Riley, and when she told me of thr> great joy she had in seeing these Indian children learn ^ and many of the older Indians embracing Christianity, I felt some of my early prejudices slightly give way. 90 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; Anyway T admired the piety and Christian fortitude of this good lady, and so wrote the following acrostic lines for her. T now clip them from my journal written nearly fifty years ago. [WRITTEN BY REQUEST, FOR J. C, R., WHO WAS ONCE MISSIONARY TO THE WYAN- DOTTE INDIANS, UPPER SANDUSKV.] JEHOVAH is the only God, And all creation's but his germ Nature, all beauteous, at his word Emerg'd from nought, and stood all firm. Come, O my soul, and view his might, Report it all creation round; In seasons see, in day and night, Lo, wisdom vast, and skill profound. Eternal source of life and love, Ye holy spirits tell his fame; Be prais'd by earth and all above, Yea, holy, holy is thy name. Your friend, LORENZO \YAU<;H. Norwalk, Huron County, Ohio, July, 1833. Some years afterwards one of Miss Rtley's pupils, named John Armstrong, who became a Christian and an orator of considerable ability, and married a daughter of Elder Bigeloe, moved out among the Wyandottes west of the Missouri River. In that western wild he and his noble, self-denying wife proved a real light in a dark- place, not only amongst the Wyandottes, but also exert ing a refining influence upon the adjacent tribes. The following acrostic lines I received some time after from Sister Jane C. Riley; and as I place here the original manuscript, the printer will see it is neatly writ ten, and for its age, nearly fifty years, well preserved. I have learned that she became the wife of one of our Ohio traveling preachers; and I have no doubt was an efficient helpmate in his holy work. With Some Historical Events. 91 AN ACROSTIC FOR REVEREND Let fortune smile, or adverse prove, Onward in duty's path I'll move, Reaping from each a harvest rare, Enriched by God's peculiar care. Mot all the tinsel'd toys of fame, Zeal can present or fortune name, One joy substantial can impart Welcome to the sin -sick heart. And shall I with its varying scenes Unite, a varying life and mien ? Give to the things of time and sense Honors due the Omnipotent. Yon scene on Calvary answers, No ! Onward to heights of glory go; Until the crown of life you gain, Replete with joy and free from pain. Sister in Christ, J. C. R. Norwalk, Huron. County \ Ohio, August 10, 1835. We are now closing up our work at Norwalk, and getting ready to leave for Conference. We have been to the lovely beach of the beautiful Lake Erie and gathered some of the delicate little shells to carry off as memen toes. And this reminds me, too, . of a little incident. Among the interesting group of good Christian young ladies we had there were two sisters, twins, so much alike I was always bothered to call the right one's name. So in my stroll for shells, I tried to get two just alike to give to these two lovely twin sisters, but could get no two shells which were so near alike as these twin sisters were when dressed the same. And now some of our young preachers are ready to ask, "Why did you not arrange then to get you a wife among so many fine, good girls you speak of?" Why, boys, in those days the elder brethren, had they had the least idea that we boys 92 The Life of Ldrenso I />//.- had even a thought in that beautiful dire< tion, \voiiM have said, "Nothing of this boys. It is tlv- nilr that ihrrr is tu be no thinking 1 or talking about rniiriiir> m- O O "> manyinj;- until you have traveled your full four years and so have been thoroughly tested, and proved, and ordained," But I do think of those good Christian ;jnrK as well as those good boys, with great pleasure up to this day. CHAl'THR XIV. Mifpiin if < 'mitrrcncc at Springfield, Ohi', J*>S Tran.^V-iTol in Mi-^oiiri ( 'onfcrenrc The l.oti My Mrtin Companion Disagreeable Sickne>s witli -A\\ Ai(iii ioiul, and a l-uod Companion I'rairio Distressing Flics Made the lournoy Safely. Dh'AR children: From Xonvalk, with a nninber of preachers, all on horseback, I rode down to Spring field, Ohio, to the Ohio Conference, which met then- on the 1 9th day of August, 1835. Bishop James O. Andrew KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, THAT I, Tames Osgood Andrew, one of the Bishops of the MI pal CrmrJi, in the United States of America, under the protection of A; and with a single eye to his glory, by the imposition of my h.i prayer, have this day set apart Loren/.o Waugh for the office of a I in the said Methodist Episcopal Church: a man who. in the judgmrv Ohio Annual Conference, is well qualified for that work; and he is he commended to all whom it may concern, as a proper person tr, ordinance of Baptism, Marriage, and the Burial of the Deaii. of an Elder, and to feed the flock of Christ, so long as h^is spis are such as become the Gospel of Christ, and he continuoih to hoi of sound words, according to the established doctrines of the Gospel. IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and s< twenty-third day of August in the year of our Lord, one thou.-aijii dred and thirty-five. JAMES O. ANDREV DOM *t Spring field, Ohio. With Some Historical Events. 93 presided; but Bishop Soule wa also there and sat with him. At this Conference, a number of the old vet eran preachers were presentJacob Young, James B. Finley, Thomas A. Morris, I. C. Hunter, E. W. Sehon, Jlarry O. Sheldon, Henry B. Bascom, and many others. At this Conference I passed my examination, and was received into full connection, and with several young men, was ordained Deacon, as the certificate on preced ing page will show. Bishop Soule had just returned from a trip west, and reported a great lack of ministerial help in Missouri, and asked that an appeal be made for some volunteers who would consent to go off at once to that distant frontier work. The appeal was soon made, and I, feeling full of frontier vim and sympathy, went forward and took my seat, and was accepted, and soon had my official transfer in hand to the Missouri Conference, which was to meet on the roth of the coming September, at Arrow Rock, Mo. A Rev. Jesse Prior also volunteered and was transferred. In bidding the brethren farewell in the Conference-room, I still remember there was considerable feeling, and both the Bishops and dear Brother Finley took me in their arms and gave me a parting blessing. This Brother Jesse Prior was a stranger to me, and ^eemed to be but little known in the Conference. But it was arranged that we should start on the long trip to gether. My good Virginia bay horse 'was young and in fine trim. Brother Prior, too, had a fine, spirited horse. Before leaving the Conference-room I remember f if some one handing me $25, and this, with what I had still on hand of my one hundred-dollar salary of the past year, made me easy in the matter of my expenses far the long journey. So, on the 26th day of August* 94 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; 1835, we left Springfield, Ohio, for the then far distant Missouri, and so I will give you here a hasty glance of this long journey on horseback. We had only traveled a short distance till I became well satisfied that in the case of Brother Jesse Prior I had a very uncongenial traveling companion. He was gloomy, fretful, and impatient, a confirmed old batchelor if not actually a woman-hater. I disliked his spirit much, but resolved to do all I could to make him and our' journey as pleasant as possible. We had traveled but a few days when a fine-looking young man fell in with us, and in conversing with him, I soon learned that he, too, was on his way to Missouri. Soon he proposed to join our company, to which I most readily assented, and Brother Prior said nothing. This young gentleman proved to be a Mr. Lucas, from Ohio, a near relation of an ex-Governor of that name a very refined, interesting, companionable young man; and so, with his companionship, I soon had reason to feel that, after all, I was rather a fortunate traveler. So we got along as comfortably as possible, some days Jesse being somewhat more pleasant than was his usual mood, and Lucas and I getting so we thoroughly understood him. But when we got into the great prairies of Illinois the trouble began to thicken up with Brother Jesse. In these seemingly almost boundless prairies there was then what they called the "greenheaded fly," and in vast num bers. These flies attacked our spirited horses with ter rible ferocity, every fly when lighting on the horse driv ing his blood spear into the writhing animal, so that, with all we could do, soon our poor horses would be all in a stain of blood. Brother Jesse greased his horse all over, still it did no good, only we were obliged to keep With Some Historical Everts. 95 off a proper distance so as to avoid being soiled with the hog's lard on his horse. One day in the midst of a terrible swarm of these flies we saw near the road a watering-place; so we thought we would ride out to it, light of and water, and with bunches of the high grass brush off the flies for awhile, and so let our horses rest. But just then Lucas had been telling me that he had once heard of an Irishman w^ho was riding and happening to take his foot from the stirrup, and the horse kicking at a fly, stuck his foot in, and so, whirling and kicking, the Irishman cried out at once, "And faith ! if you're going to ride, sir, I'll be off." Just then Brother Jesse's spirited horse did the same thing, as Jesse had just got his right foot out, intending to dismount; so round and round went Jesse's horse, Jesse hanging on for dear life. So in a few brisk rounds, down came the horse and Jesse, too, but so that neither were injured. But Lucas and I laughed and could not help ourselves. But with Jesse's already unpleasant feelings, our laugh on such an occasion was too much, and more than he would stand. So he righted up, mounted his horse, and left us in great disgust. That was the last we saw of Brother Jesse for about two days. We then overtook him where he had stopped waiting for us, having gotten seemingly quite over his irritation. So we then traveled along together as usual. This year, in traveling through Indiana and Illinois, we found it terribly sickly, so that in some places we were at times troubled, even to get us something to eat, finding in places whole families down with fever, and, though friendly, yet not able to cook for us. One morning, while crossing a large prairie before reaching Edwardsville, 111., my friend Lucas was taken suddenly sick, as though the cholera had struck him. 96" The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; and was in a few minutes unable to sit on his horse. I happened to have with me some cloves and the essence of cinnamon, both of which I at once administered, but especially had him to chew at the cloves. And so, to my great joy, after a time he could again sit -on his horse, and I got him into Kd\vards\ r ille to an inn, and called a doctor. The doctor commended my prescrip tion, considering the stock of my medicines, and avowed that the medicine had probably saved my friend's life The next morning we were all in the saddle again, and early on the road for Alton and for the " Father of Waters," which none of us had ever yet seen. Friday, the 7th of September, 1835, we crossed the Mississippi River, and were in the then great new border State, Missouri. Here my young friend Lucas, who had become really dear to me, had to leave us, as he wished to reach a point in Missouri which was out of our way. We parted, and I have never met him since, but have always remembered the good young man with real pleasure. From here it took Brother Jesse and me four days more to reach Arrow Rock, the seat of the Confer ence, crossing the Missouri River near the place. And now, being at the end of this part of the journey, and having to part with my Brother Jesse Prior, I \\ill say that I never met him again. I think he got along with the Conference about as well as he did with me got disgusted and soon left the State. At this Conference the good Bishop Roberts was pre- siding; and there was a camp-meeting going on in con nection with the Conference, and all seemed to be in harmony and love, and there was quite a revival spirit, and I was pleased to find so many friendly people. And with all, a few were there whom i had known back in other places. A good brother, Rev. Peter McGowan, With Some Historical Events, 97 whom I had known when I was a boy in the bounds of the Pittsburg Conference, met me as a dear friend and introduced me to the Bishop. The cordiality and kindness of the Bishop and all the preachers and of the good people, greatly cheered my youthful spirit, in a distant, far-off place from my own dear native home. And I know I tried to give myself wholly to God, and did earnestly implore his grace to fit and help me in the great new field of labor in which I was then just entering. My appointment was to the Farmington Circuit, away down toward the lower part of the State, bounded on one side by the Mississippi River, and running back at the other towards the Iron Mountain, embracing a large portion of three large counties, and I reached the work in quick time after Conference. So, now, I am set tled down for a long siege in Missouri, much to learn and^ much to do. And how good it is for the Christian traveler that he walks \>y faith and not by sight. Could he see all the conflicts of life's great journey at once before him, his frail human nature would shrink in dis couragement. But walking by faith and working in God, seeking his direction, and ever ready to do all his will, the great difficulties disappear on their near approach, or God furnishes the immediate help for the accomplishment of the great work which his wisdom and love require to be done. And so the faithful Christian traveler, who puts all his trust in God and not in fallible man, can journey, and work, and yet sweetly sing "His purposes will ripen fast, Unfolding every hour. The bud may have a bitter taste, But sweet will be the flower." 9 -Mv Yomi' Indian Stands Firm with .Me: (Inns Readv, \vlu i n Otherwise the llunory Savages Would Have UobUe.d, Likely Murdered Us Tins YV;.r Our Christian Indian- Mad Severe Trial with Their Heathen Friends, but Christianity < 'on.niered- Ordain. -d I ',]<>nville, Missouri, as the copy of my parch ment on preceding page will show. CHAPTER XVIII. nce s< Roomiilr, .Mo. A Fright l\il Socn^ ;i' 'hf rvdi'-stion rvf Church -Mv Appointment A;nn Ho the Indian \Vork < iol Our Mamml-1 .A]>OI- School in Sucres>ful Operation --The Indians'' Faith and "Works A \Yild Kick- to the Hunting (inuinds Kcyond the Moon A Grandmother Lie- Do\\n aiul I.")i(.->. >o as to Help the Family. DKAR children, there was an occurrence at this Boon- ville Conference which I must tell y(u of, and say to you all that, if at any time you should sec or hear anything that suddenly alarms you, take a moment always to see just the cause and situation, it you can, before you run pell-mell; as those folks at Koonville did. There was a large, new M. K. Church to be dedicated, arid Bishop Soule had just taken his text to preach to the great congregation which was crowded into the church, when there was a very little noise, a -5 though the gallery had settled a mite, when a nervous young lady screamed out and left her seat in great excitement. Then, in an instant, the mass of the great concourse of people were in an attempted rush, and soon the aisles and doorways were a mass of prostrate, struggling With Sonif Historical Events. 125 people such a scene as I had never witnessed before. And before all could finally be relieved, many were nearly smothered to death. Women had their clothes nearly torn off, and many were seriously trampled, and bruised, and bleeding; and nothing at all had gone wrong with the house, as there it still stood firm and unshaken, but simply freed from the mass of the people. Well, my appointment was back again to the Indian Nation. We had already got our manual-labor school arrangement on the way. The report of our success in teaching and training the Indian youth to work had been received with favor at Washington, and some extra aid w;is promised us from there. And in a treaty we had with the Indians, they favored the move and ceded us a brant i ful tract of their land to be so used, and if ever failing to be thus employed, to revert again back to them. So we had a large and beautiful tract of land broken up with ox-teams, and two good brick building's rrerted, giving us ample room for our school and mission ary work; and so things went on finely. Rev. Thomas Johnson went Kast, accompanied bv our Indian orator, .Bushman, and soon obtained of the good people all the additional funds we needed. The Indians, too, were delighted with the success of this movement, and our school was soon full to overflovs r - ing. We had youths from most of the surrounding" tribes. We had one beautiful Indian girl from away back in the Rocky Mountains. Her name, \Ydft-fn-k.ff-yu t is still fresh in my memory. We had also a boy of the Flathead Tribe, with a really flattened head, as that tribe do it. But I cannot here take space to give in detail a history of this work ; yet 1 can say my judgment is, that it was a success beyond anything ever attempted in 126 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; the way of educating and Christianizing these western Indians. But what became of all these improvements, or even where any of these Indians now are, I have not the slightest knowledge. But I have not a doubt that some of these Indians, with some of my own co-workers then in that arduous effort, are gone to the home of the pure and faithful, where I shall hope to join them again in that spiritual land where sin can never enter, and distinction of races and tribes will never annoy. Besides my work at the Shawnee Mission, I also assisted for a time at the Kaw Mission, and while in the Indian country I visited the Delawares and the Kicka- poos. And now children, as I can only give you a brief sketch of Indian notions and habits, I will confine my self to those of the Kaw Tribe, with which I stopped at one time for a few months to assist their then faithful missionary, Rev William Johnson, long since gone, I doubt not, to reap a blessed reward ; for Brother Wm. Johnson was a true and faithful man, and his amiable wife, like Mary of old, was ever ready to do as would most please and honor the blessed Master, forsaking all to follow him. At the time I arrived in the Kaw Nation, sickness was prevailing among these Indians at a terrible rate, and many were dying off. At the outset, my rest at the Mission house was much broken up by their terrible lamentations, which would commence quite a time before daylight, and so would be kept up much of the day. In the time of these sad lamentations they would on no account take any food. If food at the time was offered them, they would simply say in their language, "My face is black." And here I will explain to you their way of With Some Historical Events. 127 blacking the face, and the reason why they do it. They take the black surface of the earth and wet it, till it is thin like paste, then rub it on the face all over. In the time of great grief, they then take strong ashes, wet up in the same way, and spread these from ear to ear over the top of the head. Then in this condition, fasting, they go off to the edge of the river, or sit down at the base of a big tree, or near a large rock, and there they weep and express their helplessness and deep affliction, for which they feel they have no means of help in them selves, but hoping the Great Spirit will look on them } and pity them, and help them feeling sure that the Great Spirit made the earth on their faces, the rivers, the trees, and the great rocks, and that he has noticed and kept these for many years, that in his notice and care of these he may cast a kind look, and so pity and help the poor Indian in the time of his helplessness and great distress. These Indians have great confindence in the wonderful love of the Great Spirit, and in his willingness to help the poor Indians, if they can only get in the right place, so he may see them. They believe, too, as some other tribes, that there is great favor gained with the Great Spirit by sacrificing the white dog to him. In the burying-place of the Kaws, I saw a number of ponies' tails cut off and fastened on poles and stuck up by certain graves, and my interpreter gave me this explanation : When a Chief or brave dies, having a pony, the surviving friends kill the pony, cut the tail off, and hoist it over the grave, the idea being that the Indian's spirit will catch the spirit of the dead pony and so be able to ride off easily and respectably over into the great hunting grounds just on the other side of the mooa 28 These Kaw Indians believe that nothing* pleases the Great Spirit better than to see the Indians act bravely and fearlessly, when they have suffered wrong, or are in great danger; and so, too, on the other hand, that the Indian who under like circumstances acts cowardly, is despised by the Great Spirit, and so should be by all the Indians. They believe in showing their bravery, even if it is against the Great Spirit himself. And here I will give you an instance which will show you the truth of this . While I was with them a favorite little boy of the head Chief took sick and died. So a little time after, this Chief called his braves together and told them to get ready, as he was going out to the Pawnee Nation to be avenged for the death of this boy by taking the life, if possible, of some of those Pawnee enemies whom the Great Spirit was indifferently permitting to live. So at once a great war party was on hand, with bows and arrows, and shields, and all painted red. The time was set, too, to be back, for the Indians work more by a well-planned arrangement than the white people give them credit for. So, off they went, but after all their great preparation and effort, they did not succeed in getting a single Paw nee scalp, as most likely the Pawnees were off seeking vengeance on some of their enemies in some other direction. The day before the Kaw braves were to return, an old Indian sat all the day on the top of one of their huts, waiting for a sight of the far-off signal smoke, and, in the afternoon, was seen running round the village, crying out, " The bra-res t the braves!" So, then, all was stir and bustle in getting the great reception feast ready for the coming warriors, when, sure With Some. Historical Events. 129 enough, they were on hand at the set hour. Then all was congratulation and feasting for hours. All was then right, too ; they had shown their bravery, though the enemy had escaped, but by no fault of theirs. I, too, myself had a little attempted share in this Kaw Indian pious bravery. Two of the Kaw bucks fell out, and had a fight, one stabbing the other through the fleshy part of the arm. So this wounded one ran imme diately to where I had my horse tied on the grass, mounted the horse, and put out for parts unknown to me. But my paid braves came at once and gave me all the facts, and assured me that they could, and would take the trail, and secure and bring back both my horse and the Indian. (Then in the Kaw Nation we all had to keep our paid braves.) So after a proper outfit, off they went, and, on the third day, sure enough, here they came, and delivered me up my horse, with many expres sions of pleasure, keeping the Indian closely under guard till after the feast was over. Then in a very grave and formal way they delivered the Indian des perado up to us, assuring us that we should punish him severely; that they thought that under all the circum stances it might be the best for us to kill him. The first thing, however, that was done, after he had voraciously swallowed down a heavy dinner, was the careful bathing ofT, applying salve, and binding up his inflamed arm by the tender hands of Sister Johnson. Then came the time for me to deliver the looked-for heavy sentence, as I was the injured one. So, I told him, through my interpreter, that our Christian rule was that wherever it was possible we should forgive y and especially, if the one to be forgiven would be sorry for the wrong doing, and would try and practice the same 9 130 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; rule of forgiveness towards those who had done wrong to him, even praying to the Great Spirit to also pity and forgive them, as he might have the chance to do for the Indian who had so cruelly stabbed him, aiming the blow doubtless at his life. So in presence of all I formally forgave him, and gave him my hand, assuring him I should only try to do him and all his people good, and expressing the hope that he would try and be a good Indian, and be my friend. He expressed joy in the kind treatment we had all shown him, and in his joy the tears ran down his face ; while those savage braves taunted him, and called him a " squaw!' saying that " he was too mean to be killed." In a few days after, this Indian came back and wanted to know more of the white man's God and relig ion, and said he loved our Christian rules, and that he was going after this to learn to be a Christian, and he did, as the first step practically, go and build him a good white man's cabin a log house. There is one other sad notion or custom these Kaw Indians practice, and I know you children will be glad, when I tell you of it, that the Christian people have no such savage notion or habit. All our good Christian children love to see their good old grandfather and grandmother come around, and they love to cheer and comfort them ; and these good children are always sorry when they have to see the grandpa or grandma die, and be thus taken away from them, and laid away in the cold grave. Let me here tell you what I saw when in the Kaw Nation : This head Chief, which I have already men tioned, had his mother living with him, and she, of course, was his children's grandmother. So one day With Some Historical Events. 131 she said to him, " I am now old [I think only about sixty], and you have much care of your family and of the tribe, and I fear I am now rather in the way. Make me up my little tent, and allow me to lie down and die." So this Chief her son fixed her up a little elk-skin tent, and put in the tent one little Indian mortar full of water, and then took his mother the children's grand mother into that tent, and she laid down and never took anything more, only an occasional sip from that mortar of water, and then she quietly died. I saw her myself only a few days before she was dead. This son of hers, and the grandchildren, too, I sup pose, thought this all right. But it is almost too bad for you children to think of; and I know that with you will rejoice and praise God, our Heavenly Father, that the Christian people have a more humane and blessed faith and doctrine, in which we find it our great joy to try and make our good grandpa and grandma happy, until the Heavenly Father, in his own kind care and love, takes them off to the heavenly home, where all the good are young again. Near the close of my stay in the Indian country, I suffered with a severe attack of bilious fever, and once thought I should be buried there among the Indians; but somewhat recovering, I asked to be allowed to resume my old itinerant work, in which I felt sure, with the blessing of God, my health would improve ; though I can say, as far as my interest for the Indians was con cerned, I could have given my life then and there in that work. I clip the following from the California Christian Advocate of April 4, i8?2 : DR. BENSON : Seeing a notice lately, desiring 132 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; incidents in connection with the life of the late Rev. Jason Lee, I am reminded of one which made a lasting impression on my mind, as showing the power of grace in sustaining the good under severe trial and deep afflic tion when trusting in God. At the time Jason Lee, on important business con nected with his mission, with three or four Flathead Indian boys, came unprotected all the way across the Rocky Mountains, I was a missionary, in connection with Rev. Thomas Johnson, in the Shawnee Nation. Weary and almost worn down with the long and extraor dinary journey, and its attendant anxieties, care, and watching amidst savage men and wild beasts, Jason Lee ffefti stopped with us at our mission for a few days' rest and recuperation; and we were enjoying the society of that blessed good man most happily, for truly all who met and associated with him there felt the blessedness of the true gospel " fellowship " which those who have " forsaken all " to follow the Saviour can fully appreci ate and enjoy when they meet together on their pilgrim journey, or as they work side by side in the vineyard of the Lord. Besides our sweet religious communings with this holy, devoted man, he pleasantly interested us with incidents occuring on that perilous journey. One I remember that of having to kill a buffalo when they were suffering with thirst, so as to obtain the water in its stomach for drink. But away in the dead of night, when Jason Lee and all of us were being refreshed by " balmy sleep, nature's sweet restorer," we were suddenly aroused by a strange " halloo ! " at our mission gate, and the question soon followed from the mission house, " Who are you, and With Some Historical Events. 133 what do you wish ? " and the answer eame, " I am a lone mountaineer from beyond the Rocky Mountains ; I am the bearer of some intelligence to Rev. Jason Lee, Where can I find him ? " The lights were struck, and Jason Lee stood calmly before the mountaineer. The brave, heroic man and my memory does not now furnish me with his name who had brooked and accomplished alone and un daunted the fatigue and extreme danger of that most extraordinary journey, was now seen to be agitated and almost overcome with deep and stirring emotions within. All was silent for a time, but the message had to be delivered, and was in substance " Dear Jason Lee : You are again alone in the world. Your dear and beloved wife is dead." Jason Lee repaired calmly to his room, where for the remainder of the night and the next day, alone and without taking any refreshment, he sought for strength and help to meet and bear this the sorest trial of all he had met. Jesus himself, "a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief," and the Holy Spirit, the Com forter, as he assured us, came to his relief. The sanctified sorrow which sat upon his manly face, though shining through the coursing tears, showed most clearly that Jason Lee, in this trying juncture, had a blessed fulfillment and realization of that glorious prom ise of the risen Saviour : ' Lo I am with you always, even unto the end of the world." He remained with us still a little time, exhibiting a meek, calm, determined resignation to the will of God, and saying in unfaltering faith as Paul, " We know that all things work together for good to them that love God." Giving us the assurance that his purpose was as ever 134 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; clear and fixed to spend and be spent in efforts to ele vate and save the far-off Indian tribes, he left us and went forward on his errand of mercy. LORENZO WAUGH. Petaluma,) March 23, CHAPTER XIX. The Year 1840 on Platte Circuit A Rich New Country Stirring Times at My Camp-meeting Overrun at First with Whisky, but Gained a Great Victory Some Memorable Incidents A Boy Bitten by a Snake, and One with Thigh Broken A Sinner Kills Himself Foul Slander Terribly Rebuked. DEAR children: After leaving the Indian country and going again into the regular itinerant work, I do not find my old journal for a few years, so the exact dates of the Conferences, etc., will be omitted for the few succeeding years. But the facts I shall give you are true, as they are indelibly impressed on my memory. In the year 1840, I was on the Platte Circuit, and traveled it without any assistant, Brother W. W. Red man being my Presiding Elder. This Platte Circuit then embraced a large tract of fine, rich, new country in Missouri, lying on the opposite side of the Missouri River from old Fort Leaven worth, extending from some distance below the Little Platte River on the southeast to some distance above the Nodaway River on the northwest. The Indian title had just been extinguished from this beautiful tract of country, and the rush of people into it to secure homes was tremendous, and more or less they came from nearly all the States of the Union. And the new settlers comprised about every class of people, from the faithful Christian to the vilest gambler. With Some Historical Events. 135 Arid our Christian work had to be then mainly organized, and, of course, the Methodists were expected to do a full share, as they had done in every new country. But in entering on this arduous task I had the advantage of an experience which I did not have in former years. Still I was comparatively young, and yet a single man. I could write quite a history of the stirring times in this new purchase, but must confine myself to a statement of only a few of the leading events in connection with our work, leaving the conflicts arising between the new set tlers and those which, at least apparently, showed them selves among the different religious denominations Roman Catholics and Protestants. Some of these latter conflicts, I am sure, were not calculated to exhibit the holy beauties of Christian charity in the most favorable light. The city of Weston then had only four or five houses, and St. Joseph was mainly made up with the plain old residence of the kind Mr. Roubidoux, and just above him on the rising ground was the old Indian bury- ing-place, scaffolded up on timbers, say ten or twelve feet above the earth, an unsightly arrangement which I will not here attempt to describe. I will mainly occupy your time in this chapter in giv ing you an account of our camp-meeting in the fall of this year a meeting, the most extraordinary in several respects, of any meeting I ever attended in my life. The ground was on the claim of Brother Edwards, whose son became somewhat famous as the early companion of Rev. Jason Lee, in the then far-off Indian Mission beyond the Rocky Mountains. The first incident I will mention in connection with this meeting was a little boy who was bitten on the hand by a rattlesnake. The par ents left the children at their new home and came to 1 36 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; the ground with some of their things and to fix up their tent, and while they were away this little boy saw a young rabbit run into a hollow log, and ran his hand into the log intending to catch the rabbit; but the hand was met and terribly bitten by a great rattlesnake which was lying in the log. The boy's little sister had heard some one say that tobacco was good for a snake-bite, and ran in all haste and got what is called a hand of tobacco, which is the dried leaves in full size, pulled from the stock and tied together at the stem ends. She moistened some of these big leaves and rapped up the entire hand and arm of her little brother. And now, what seemed most astonishing was, the little boy got right along, came to the camp-meeting, and only suffered slightly till he was entirely well again. The next incident was one of Brother Edwards' young boys getting thrown from a horse and getting his thigh broken ; and this very boy I have met here in California, a traveling Methodist preacher. My Elder, Brother Redman, could not be with me at this meeting, so I had the charge of it, and had of course to do the best I could in everything about it. During the first week we were terribly annoyed and disturbed by the early members of "The League of Freedom," the liquor sellers, who' determined that it was their right and privilege to bring and sell and drink their fiery intoxicating compounds on our religious encampment, and against a plain and direct statute of the State in this way breaking the law and enjoying their spirituous freedom. They soon had the low drink ing class drunk on our hands, and so a state of things both revolting and dangerous, and something had at once to be done or else we had to give up the further attempt so carry on our meeting. With Some Historical Events. 137 The statute of the State was so far good, inflicting a heavy fine on any who might be found guilty of bringing or selling intoxicating drinks within a certain distance of a religious meeting. And also providing that an acting Justice of the Peace might pour out any liquors found within said limits, if the claimants could not be found and punished. And we had on the ground an excellent Justice of the Peace, Jacob Adamson and, by the way, I have had a kind relative of him near me in California* whose kind family of steady habits I have loved to honor, not only for their firm temperance principles, but because of their near relationship to Jacob Adamson, who so manfully stood up with and for me in the time of the conflict I there was compelled to have with those liquor desperadoes. I consulted with Squire Adamson, and he assured me that if the liquor could be found he would see that the law should be enforced. So changing my coat and hat, and with a few young men that I knew I could trust following at the proper distance, near the dusk of the evening, I put out on a whisky for aging tour round the suburbs, and by a big bunch of elder bush I saw a big black man, whose attitude and movements attracted my notice. So I walked up to him hastily and said to him, " Let me have a glass of whisky, here is your money, and be in a hurry." He answered quickly, " Yes, sah," and drew the glass full, and was just in the act of reaching it to me, when all of a sudden he drew back, exclaiming, " Yes, sah ; now I sees who ye are !" and threw the glass, whisky and all, with full force at my head. (He of course, was selling for some white-faced law-breaker.) But luckily I dodged the glass, but caught the most of the whisky in my face and on my clothes. So my 138 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; boys, at once on hand, watched him and the big whisky keg till I brought out the Justice. The darky, however, seeing Adamson coming, made a break, and running "same as six men," cleared and escaped. But the Justice had the keg of whisky taken to his tent. And so I took my posse of brave young men, and being then in a more favorable fix for an easy, unsus pected admittance into the company of the whisky men (smelling as loud then as the best of them), before mid night Squire Adamson had five large whisky kegs in his tent, and the names of several of the illicit liquor sellers. In the morning he had those kegs all rolled out in front of the stand, and his officer proclaimed: " Here are five kegs of liquor, found on this camp-ground in viola tion of an existing statute of the State of Missouri; and the owners are hereby requested to come at once and claim their property." But no man appearing to claim any of them, the Squire had them rolled back from the tents and poured their contents all out on the face of the sober earth, and there was not felt a solitary quiver of earthquake indig nation, while the sun was shining most beautifully, and the good people all well pleased. I, too, had laid off my whisky-befouled garments, and was again ready for my work. About this time, my old and tried friend, Rev. J. C. Berryman, came over from the Kickapoo Mission to afford me assistance, and was a great help just at that time in our meeting. Several of the men, too, who had been drinking came to me and made their apology, and promised me their With Some Historical Events. 139 vigilance and help in keeping order from that on while our meeting should last. In the meantime a most wonderful display of God's power, by his word and the Holy Spirit, was manifested. Many were seen prostrate under the terrible weight of their sins, and most penitently imploring release and deliverance from the " body of this death." And many were converted, and openly gave God the glory, while their faces shone with holy rapture, flowing out from their happy souls; and among those converted and made happy were several of those young men who, in the out set, had joined in the effort to disturb our meeting. This glorious work continued and increased, so that for days we found it unnecessary to attempt to preach at the usual hours on such occasions. There seemed to be a holy atmosphere enclosing and overshadowing the place. Many persons in coming onto the ground were seen to fall prostrate and begin in great earnestness to seek for deliverance from sin, and for peace with God, And very many were thus made happy, and spoke, and rejoiced as they were moved and enlightened by the Holy Spirit. And just here I must give you an instance which there showed how the Holy Spirit can and does some times arrest and then save the repenting, believing sin ner. Two wild young men came onto the ground, and learning how the whisky disturbance had been stopped, they avowed that they would show these folks that whisky could and should be brought onto that ground, and drank there, too. So they put off to the little town of New Market and bought two jugs of whisky, and made for the' ground. But when getting within the sound of the voice of prayer and song, they mutually 140 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; halted as though something special had caught their attention. And you are ready to ask, " What did they then do ? " They both simultaneously broke those whisky jugs against a tree, and fell prostrate on the earth, and cried aloud for mercy and salvation from the galling guilt of their sins. I was one that went to assist them to the altar, and found them pleading for mercy and deliverance as though they feared the devil would get them before they should find relief. And both these young men were converted, and I took them into the church there at the camp-meeting. Another very remarkable occurrence which took place at this meeting I will here relate to you : A very wicked man who lived a few miles from the ground, in his cabin alone, came to the meeting, and seemed to be really possessed o the devil, and determined to effect a dis turbance in some way that might break into the holy work going on. One of our exhorters, who knew him, rose in the stand and called to him by name, and said to him : " My dear sir, 1 have had you on my mind all this day and have been praying for you, and at this moment I have a most pressing desire for your conversion and salvation." And said he, " I have the awful fear that if you do not yield yourself this day to the pleadings of the Holy Sprit, which I am sure you feel, you will be given up to hardness of heart and reprobacy of mind, and will die in your sins and be eternally lost.- Come, O come, while there is yet hope and mercy." This poor, sinful man left the ground hastily; but the next morning was found at his cabin dead suicided off t With Some Historical Events. 141 as the jury decided, into the eternal world, no one being near to witness his awful leap into the dark, the incorrigible sinner's doom. As the result of the holy revival power at this meet ing there were five liquor establishments broken up and abandoned as such, and two of them turned into prayer and Methodist class-rooms. But I have yet one of the most unsightly, uncalled for things to tell you of, which also took place at this meeting a thing on which, it might seem, the useful ness of my own entire future life hung suspended for a little time. While the revival work was going on with such blessed results, all of a sudden there seemed to be a damper, a chill, felt through all the great congregation; and soon a good local preacher, a Brother Markham, took me aside and told me what was up. Said he, " Mr. C. of Church and Mr. G. of Church have both been tell ing that last evening, just at dark, they saw you and a woman going suspiciously into the house where the straw is kept; and now, said he, something has to be done, and before anything else can be done;" and said he, " I know the people, many of them, are anxious to hear from you on this report of these men." I told him to go and blow the horn and get them together. That I would answer any inquiries any wished to make of me honestly and the best I could; but that I wished him to have these men, C. and G., both state to the people just what they saw, and allow me then to question them in the presence of the people. And this met his view exactly. So in a short time all were assembled, saint and sinner, and every ear open to hear the gospel on this most exciting subject Brother 142 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; , Markham rose and stated in brief the story, as he had heard Mr. C. and G. tell it, and said, the people would listen to a statement from me and would then listen to the statement of Mr. C. and G. in my presence. I rose and simply told the people that I knew nothing of such a case; that if such a thing had happened I had the very best of right to know that I was not the man. That I always liked the ladies just as well as I thought any young man ought to do, but if any one told that there was a woman with whose virtue I had tampered, and thus compromised my own, that, in such a state ment they would tell what God himself knew was untrue and slanderous. Then I told them they could produce no woman who would contradict the statement just made. Brother Markham called then on Mr. C., who tardily rose as though he was angry with such a proceeding, and said he saw a man with a woman go into that place of straw just at dusk; but who the woman was he did not know, nor did he care. That the man he felt sure was Mr. Waugh. Mr. G. was then called up, as I wished to hear both their statements before I asked any questions. He said he saw a man and a woman go into that place of the straw and he thought it was Mr. Waugh, and he and Mr. G. went away and did not see them come out. I asked him to state as near as he could the exact time they saw them go in. He said it was just as some of the people commenced to sing in the altar. When up jumped a gentleman in the crowd, known by many of the people, and hastily spoke out to his wife, calling her by name, and said : " That was you and me who went in there just as they began to sing to get the straw for the children's bed." With Some Historical Events. 143 She jumped to her feet. "Yes," said she, " it was us. I have been hearing this thing whispered about all day, and I did not believe a word of it when I heard that it was Mr. C. who was telling it round, for I knew he was mad at the Methodists, and was talking about them and running them down wherever he had a chance." In a few minutes there was a stirring scene around me in the altar, where I then was a perfect rush to shake my hand and to tender congratulations ; old folks and children, young men and young ladies. Mother Burns, of one of the wealthiest and most influen tial families then in the " Purchase," came up and spoke joyously to me; then turning to the people, "For one," said she, "I felt well satisfied that there was not a word of truth in that attempted slander against this young man." "And now," said she, "glory to God, we have gained another glorious victory." Mr. G. himself then came up and humbly confessed his imprudence in uniting in the circulation of what he then saw was untrue in reference to me, and asked for giveness. Mr. C. quietly left the ground, looking, I guess, something as the former Judas felt at the time he hung himself. At the wind-up of this extraordinary meeting, they sung with spirit and faith, "Praise God from whom all blessings flow," and we had a glorious shout in the camp and many joyous, heartfelt congratulations among the mass of the people. Two things are here brought to view, which good people and holy angels have at times painfully to behold; things among the most sad and unsightly of all that are yet to be seen since the dark day on which the loving Christ was crucified. 144 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; The first of these is the sight of some of the names and professed members of the great Christian family arraying themselves in death-like, almost Satanic, hos tility against others of the same family and profession^ simply because these go by a different name, and use some different formalities and ceremonies in their Chris tian worship and devotion to God these differences all being only external and so non-essential and in no way effecting the holy principle of love in the heart to God and of holy charity for all the family of man, the things which are alone essential with God the loving father of all. The second is the lamentable fact that there are mem bers of the common family of man with eyes so green and tongues so foul and barbed and poisonous all caused by the selfish, jealous, venomous, wicked spirits lurking down deep in the sinful human heart that they are gratified to see other members, though pure and true, writhe and suffer and die under the blasting curse of their foul slanders. Who has not seen the pure and virtuous lady, with all her smiles and beauty, at once grow pale and smile no more until the cold arms of mother earth expanded to take her into her pure and silent bosom. Then again she sweetly smiles in meeting the pure, kindred, angel escorts, coming to bear her company over into the pure and heavenly clime, where the blight of slanderous tongues can never reach, And where the pure and faithful Can never be assailed. Even here in California I had a similar malicious assault from just such characters, which in the end resulted seriously to their own shame and discomfiture. With Some Historical Events. 145 CHAPTER XX. On the Osceola WorkA Good Year In the Fall Got Married Next Year on the Gasconade Work, But Resided in Jefferson City At the Conference of 1843 Was Afforded Rather a Nominal Appointment, so as to Visit My Aged Mother in Virginia Attended the Meeting of Baltimore Conference at Washington City Returned to Missouri in 1844 Next Year on Franklin Circuit The Steamer "Big Hatchy " Blew Up Near Us, Killing and Wounding a Number of People My View of Slavery Sad Incidents. FROM the Platte Purchase I went the next year to the Osceola Circuit a new work lying south of the Osage River, and considered then a hard field of labor. And I will here tell you how I got myself on to this work. The year before a young and somewhat starchy preacher had been sent there, and had left it with the report that no preacher could get a support on the work. At the Conference they were rather overhauling the young preacher for leaving the work, and as I had some knowledge of the country and people, I was asked to make a statement ; and so I told the Bishop and Con ference that, while the M. E. Church was small in mem bership, and much of the country new, yet my judgment was, that if the young brother had gone on and worked faithfully, he might have done much good, and that the people would have given him a living. Bishop Waugh was presiding, and so when the appointments were read out, L. Waugh was down for this dreadful hard circuit ; and the preachers rather winked at each other. And the BisJ: op could not, of course, be charged then with par tiality to one whom he owned as his kin in the flesh. But I made no complaint, and went on to my work. And now I have only to say, I had a good year. In the bounds of the work we built a good church, incurring 10 146 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; no debt ; and the people paid me all my salary, and besides a very interesting surplus in money, which, in those days, went into the Conference funds to help out those preachers who had fallen short. We had a good revival, and many joined the church. I sold, too, several hundred dollars' worth of our good books. And then, near the close of the year, I married a wife, Miss Clarissa Jane Edsall, who has proved to be a quiet, industrious, faithful woman, a good housekeeper, and a kind, affectionate mother to our children. So that at the coming Conference the other young preachers had not so much to grin over in reference to my bad appointment. On this circuit I formed many interesting and lasting friendships, and quite a number of these same friends I have had the pleasure of meeting in California, and renewing their Christian association on the Pacific Coast* The session of Conference was held this year at Pal myra, Missouri, and my appointment for the ensuing year was to the Gasconade work. This Gasconade work embraced a large section of country contiguous to Jeffer son City, and we resided in Jefferson City, where during the year our first child was born, John J. Waugh. The session of the Conference was held in Jefferson City, 1842, and the venerable Bishop Roberts presided, which I think was his last Conference. Bishop Roberts was a noble man, and a holy, faithful minister of the gos pel, dearly beloved by all the good who knew him. The session of Missouri Conference for the year 1 843, was held in Lexington, Missouri, and Bishop James O. Andrew presided. At this Conference I was granted With Some Historical Events. 147 Bather a nominal appointment, so as to allow me to go and visit my aged mother in Virginia, which I did, with my wife and John, the baby boy, spending the winter of 1843 with the friends of my early youth. In the spring of 1844 I rode horseback to the city of Washington, so as to attend the Baltimore Conference, and to enjoy a pleasant interview with the noble band of ministers there having been born and reared up in the bounds of the Baltimore Conference. Father James Watts, the first Methodist preacher I ever heard preach, was then still living, and I had a most pleasant interview with the venerable old patriarch ; and with a steady hand he wrote the following in my auto graph book : " I have waited for thy salvation, O Lord. Genesis 49 : 1 8. JAMES WATTS. " Fairfax Court House, Va. y Mch. 6, A. >. 184.4? He baptized and instructed me when a little boy Peace be to his blessed memory. Here, too, I met Rev. Gerard Morgan, who was also one of the M. E. preachers I used to hear when a boy I saw the pleasing sight of Father Morgan and two of his boys all traveling preachers in the pulpit together the boys both more learned and eloquent than the father, but certainly not any more powerful in holy spir itual things. During this visit East, I called on John Quincy Adams, then only a little past the prime of his life. He wrote, too, in my book. I had also a pleasant visit with Daniel Webster at his own house; a kind gentleman, plain as a farmer, but profound in learning and thought, his autograph bearing date, " Marskfield, Mass,. March 12 1844? 148 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; I arrived in Washington City just after the bursting of the big gun, called the " Peace Maker," when two of President Tyler's Cabinet were killed, viz., Mr. Gardner and Mr. Upshur, and all the city was draped in mourn ing. Col. Thos. H. Benton, Senator from Missouri, was blown up into the rigging by that terrible explosion, but not killed. He admitted me to an audience with him, being from his own State, when other visitors were not admitted. Colonel Benton was one of America's noblest sons. I may have the chance to speak of him again, as he was a true friend to me in my severest conflicts in Missouri. Here on this visit I met a number of our early dis tinguished ministers J. P. Durbin, Henry Slicer, Alfred Griffith, Samuel Smith, Thos. B. Sargent, James Reid, Adam Miller, Charles Pittman, Stephen S. Roszel, Robert Emory, whose father, Bishop Emory, I had also known; James Sewell, J. Maclay, John Bear, Joshua Wells, Robert S. Vinton, Geo. Lane, and many others. I saw at this Conference in Washington, the evident outbreak of the great slavery agitation in the M. E. Church, of which I shall have something to say in this sketch soon. On my return to Missouri, we met the great flood of 1 844 at the mouth of the Ohio, finding the Mississippi flowing disastrously over all the low-lands, and the same state of things continuing as we came on up the Missouri River. In the fall of 1844, I was appointed on the Franklin Circuit, residing during the year on the latter portion of it near the Missouri River, below the town of Hermon. At this place our second son, Wm. B. T. Waugh, was born. While living there I witnessed a sad disaster in H itJi Some Historical Events. 149 the blowing up of a large steamer called the Big Hatchy. Just at daylight, a little above our house, she blew up, scalding and killing some thirty odd people. I heard the explosion and then the screams of the people, and went at once to afford any relief in my power. The boiler blew up through the top of the boat and fell off many yards in the river. The boat being not far from the shore was soon cabled to a tree, and when I got on board I had to step over dead bodies to reach the living who were bruised and scalded; and I witnessed there how cool and courageous a woman can be. I observed the woman I refer to lifting up those who were scattered around on the torn-up deck in their terrible agony, and seeing the scalded skin hanging down from her own wrists and hands over her ringers, I said to her: "My dear madam, you are yourself terribly scalded/' "Yes, a little," said she, "but not like these poor sufferers." And so she went ahead trying to help the suffering and dying. A man near me cried out, "Oh, is there no one here to pray for me, I am dying and I am a poor backslider!" I turned to him with a word of prayer and encouragement He then gave me his name and number in St. Louis, where I promised I would call on his wife and daughter, then in coughing up the scalded skin from his lungs, he soon was dead. I afterwards called as I promised, and conveyed all the sad particulars to his afflicted family in St. Louis. The scene of this disaster was a sad one, antl many of the incidents there are still fresh in my memory, but I cannot detain in giving them further. During this year the slavery agitation was being fanned up into a flame all over Missouri, as in all the 1 50 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; other States more or less. Politicians were busy, and some of our leading- ministers of the gospel were about equal with the politicians in fanning up the spreading flames. In the meantime a proposition was to be brought before the Methodist people in Missouri, asking them if it would not be their wish to go into an organ ization in the Southern States, to be denominated the "M. E. Church South," so as to cut loose from what they claimed to be the unjust interference of the northern people with the institution of slavery, as existing in the slave-holding States; and the preachers were re quested to take the voice of the membership. In the proper place I will give an outline of what was done and the results, but as I have promised to tell the children my view, in short, of the system of human slavery itself, I will do so here. And now, in touching this old matter of human slavery, I wish to do it only in the fear of God and in the light of truth. And to begin, I may say in truth that my practical opportunities were somewhat favorable for knowing some leading and prominent things about human slavery. As Paul would confidently assert his knowledge of the Jewish faith and people because he was born a Jew and reared up a Jew, so I can say of my knowledge of this old slavery system. I was born and brought up in Virginia, and the very first person that ever handled my little baby body in this world was a black woman, my mother's hired servant, " Aunt Sarah." Aunt Sarah, too, was admitted to be in those early frontier times in Virginia, one of the most skillful and faithful nurses that could be secured to take care of afflicted mothers, and to attend to the native wants of little children. Aunt Sarah, too, loved and With Some Historical Events. 151 feared "de Lord," and in meeting she would pray and sing, and shout, and say, " O dis blessed Jesus, he does give me glorious peace in my poo' heart; and I'ze gwine to love and serve him as long as I live. O de blessed Jesus, he is my loving master." And now I feel pretty sure, if ever I am so happy as to get to Heaven, I shall find Aunt Sarah, as I have no doubt but that her happy spirit has long ago met the redeemed spirits of Moses and Elijah, and others of the happy colored people of the old time " Safe over de Jordan of death." In very early life I was taught by my good father and mother, and the good old Methodist preachers and class- leaders, to look for the right ways, and so to follow on fearlessly, shunning all wrong and wicked ways, and to be always firm for the right, no matter who might oppose. In this way I was fully satisfied, in seeing the workings of slavery, that it was a bad system. I will here tell you some of the things I saw in con nection with slavery. I used to go into a large congrega tion of the colored people, where they worshiped, and old "Uncle Caesar" preached to them, and none of them could read the Scriptures or the songs they sung, and not because they did not wish to read, but because it was a violation of a law in Virginia for any one to teach them to read or write. I knew in my heart that this was a great wrong to these slaves, and, as a boy, I did teach several young negroes to spell and read, and did not feel that God was displeased with me for it, though it was in violation of this heathenish law. The idea, too, that the colored people were only prop erty only chattels, in a moneyed sense, I saw, when quite young, was very injurious to many of the white 152 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; young people, resulting in very debasing and wicked habits. This system of selling off the surplus negroes, as it was practiced by many in Virginia, had a harden ing, demoralizing tendency on all, more or less, who engaged in it, and was contrary to every principle of the gospel of Christ. Once I remember to have seen a case in this line in which old "Aunt Sarah" herself was deeply interested a young girl sold off for the South, being near of kin. When she was sold and delivered into the hands of the heartless slave-driver, there was a gush of tears and sad lamentations in the family and among her friends. And I still well remember the old grandmother's words, pro phetic words; as the big tears ran silently down her face beneath her gray hairs, she said with great earnestness, and seemingly with wonderful faith : " White man's day a comin 1 . God Almighty is not blind and deaf to our tears and cries. God Almighty will deliver us from our bondage." This young colored woman was delivered up, and driven off with a drove of others men and women for the market far down South, and most likely heard of no more on earth by her slave friends left behind. I have seen slave-drivers in Virginia with quite a lot of negroes chained together, the one behind the other, driv ing them on foot to some shipping-point to take them thus down into the southern country for life slaves on the plantations, while the dread of this life-long toil and bondage was more distressing to those poor slaves than death itself could possibly be. And here I will tell you an instance, which I saw myself, that will show you the truth of tie statement just made. The first year of my itinerant ministry in Virginia, one With Some Historical Events. 153 beautiful afternoon, when near the town of Guyandott, I overtook a slave-driver with six colored men chained together as I have described. The chained men were singing one of their mournful, doleful songs, keeping the exact time, and so singing in most solemn harmony. On the next morning the slave-driver took those six chained negro men early on to the boat, which lay in readiness to take them off south, and told the Captain to see that they were not allowed to come ashore. So the slave-driver then came back to the hotel, arranged his business and returned to the boat, and not seeing the chained men he asked the Captain where they were. The Captain told him they were round on the outside guard, singing, a moment ago. But on looking, not a chained man was to be found. The mystery, however, was soon solved, as all six men, still chained together, were fished up out of the Ohio, having mutually and quietly gone down into the water and over the Jordan, with the hope, no doubt, that in immediate death they would anyway escape the dreaded life of slavery on the pestilential southern plantations. The slave-driver himself went off under a heavy pres sure of disappointed avarice, and with his under lip hanging dreadfully low, simply and only because he had thus lost so much in dollars and cents. At the time I was back in Virginia in 1844, I saw another case in this line, which I will also give you. In my journey down through central Virginia, I stopped for the night with an old planter, and a colored man who had but recently lost his left hand, as it was off near the wrist which was still bound up, took care of my horse. I asked him what had happened that he had lost his hand, and he rather evasively replied, " Nothing much, sah," and did not tell me. 154 The Life of Lorenzo Waugk; The next morning I had to stop for the repair of my horse's shoes at a smith's shop near, and there the smith told me how this colored man lost his hand there at his shop. This colored man and his master, some years ago had, it seemed, entered into an agreement to this effect : The master had told him that if he would honestly and faithfully go ahead himself, and do all his duties as his servant, he should never be sold off the place and from his family, and the servant had gladly agreed to it, and, DETERMINED Nor TO Go SOUTH. even as by the planter's own statement, had kept his promise. But the master becoming involved, and being offered by the slave-dealer an extra price for the slave (as he was a good mechanic), yielded and sold this black man ; and so Jack was delivered up to the slave-driver. But Jack told the slave-driver that he was not going off south, that he had kept his promise to his old master, ana would not go. But the heartless slave-dealer only laughed, and told him he had seen just such negroes often, With Some Historical Events. 155 and that he had a way of attending to all such. So the next morning he took his newly-bought negro down to this shop, and had a good, substantial set of iron cuffs riveted onto his arms, and then bade him stand aside ; which Jack at once did, going out to a chop-block near by, on which he found a sharp hatchet, and with this he deliberately chopped of his left hand, and so let the shackle drop off. Then he did not go South, as it would only add ex pense to the avaricious driver. So he was left with his old master and his family, as it would not pay the driver either to take him off or to kill him there. Before closing this chapter, children, I wish to say that with all the evils of human slavery, we had in Vir ginia many of the best people I have ever known honest, faithful, humane, and good and some of these connected with the institution of slavery, the thing being there with its increasing evils, and (as proved to be) not easily to get rid of. Henry Clay of Ken tucky, and John Randolph of Virginia, both saw its accumulating dangers, and native evil nature in the United States, and Henry Clay introduced in Congress a measure which, if the blind slave power had not thwarted, would most likely have saved the Nation from the final terrible flow of blood, and the loss of millions of treasure, besides the lamentable, if not ineffaceable, disgrace the act of a great multitude in a professedly free nation arraying themselves, and with blood and treasure determining to spread and perpetuate human slavery! But the glorious truth is plain in this sad case, as it has often been in our sinful world's history. God can make the wrath of man to praise him, as David says: "Surely the wrath of man shall praise thee; the remainder of wrath shalt thou restrain." 156 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; CHAPTER XXI. The Majority of the Conference Go South My Position and Fight for Conscience Sake Dangerous Times, but Finally Victorious. DEAR children, in this chapter I shall be called upon to detail a new experience in my life. Up to this year I had felt it my duty and great privilege to act as a son in the gospel, and to submit to what I had always admitted to be the wise counsels of the elder brethren. But this year, I was compelled, under a sense of my own conscientious responsibility to God, and to our nation, and to the common family of man, to take a course, in reference to the movement with ministers of the gospel bearing on the matter of human slavery, in opposition to what proved to be a majority of the min isters of the Conference of the M. E. Church in Missouri. The session of the Conference this year, 1845, was held in Columbia, Missouri, Bishop Soule presiding, and it was plain to be seen at the beginning of this Conference that the absorbing question was the intended transfer of the M. E. Church into a new organization with the term "South" appended as its special designation. Bishop Soule headed the movement, though telling us that he was still a Bishop in the old M. E. Church. Other lead ing ministers in Missouri were in 'sympathy with the movement and aided the Bishop, and so after a resort to various tactics some of which would not have been exceeded if they had been managed by Jefferson Davis or John C. Calhoun they got a majority vote for the new M. E. Church South. Then they required those of us who in all good conscience were opposed to this movement to define our position, which definition in their charitable judgment simply meant "go into the new M. E. Church South or le>ve the State." With Some Historical Events. 157 Rev. James M. Jamison was our leading Elder, who stood up square against this ecclesiastical southern movement, and there was a strong decided minority band of us, but yet without the power, just at that juncture, of saving the old ship the M. E. Church in Missouri from being torn in two. The matter with us, the minority, was one, as I can bear testimony, strictly of conscience, and therefore could not be innocently varied. The saddest day was then upon this minority I had ever seen at a Methodist Conference. Well, in due time we were called up, alphabetically, to define our positions; that is to say, if we would go into the M. E. Church South or leave the State; and so each one, of course, had just to do as his conscience and the Holy Spirit afforded the light and help, and the greater number decided to leave the State and work elsewhere. My letter being W., I was the last to define, which I did, and most strictly in the fear of God and under a pressing sense of my final judgment responsibility. My character had been examined and passed, and Bishop Soule, on his own statement in open Conference, was the Bishop of the M. E. Church, though then acting contrary to plain ecclesiastical law in fixing up the affairs and making the appointments of a new district and seperate ecclesi astical body. And more than all that, I had the best of right to know that the majority of the membership in Missouri had never consented to go into said new M. E. Church South. So when called up I calmly informed the Bishop that I could not, in conscience, go into the M. E. Church South with my understanding of its lead ing object, and what I felt sure would be its final effect, and that I should not leave the State, and that I claimed my appointment from him for the ensuing year, as an 158 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; accredited minister of the M. E. Church, and so took my seat. So when the appointments were read out my name stood in connection with " Mill Creek Circuit," and to this work I immediately went and was gladly hailed by the officiary of the circuit, and I believe all the members, they having been fully posted on the position I had taken, and we went on pleasantly and encourag ingly in our work. When the first quarterly meeting came, the Elder of the new M. E. Church South came on, and when the old recording steward had written out the minutes and handed them to the Elder to sign, he read them and said the heading should be changed to read "Minutes of the M. E. Church South." Brother Jienderson, the steward, told him the minutes were right, that they had never gone into the said M. E. Church South; that their preacher still belonged to the M. E. Church, being legally and properly appointed by Joshua Soule, then a Bishop of the M. E. Church, and that they did not intend to be transferred or have any connec tion with their new church south which they had been making; that the minutes were right; that he could sign them or not, just as he preferred. So he signed the minutes, and did the same at the second quarterly meeting also. But, after this second quarterly meeting, Brother Wallace, the Southern Presiding Elder, announced that I must be put off from the circuit and my place supplied with a preacher who did belong to the M. E. Church South. But the official board said their preacher should not be taken from the circuit unless a preacher should be sent in his place who was known to belong to the old M. E. Church. So then the M. E. Church South folks With Some Historical Events. 159 went to a lawyer; a man of the world, a friend of mine, and asked him if, under the circumstances, they would not be legally justified in forcibly driving me off. The lawyer replied that he could not answer until he had heard my statement. To this of course they could not object, and so I was given the chance to give my version, which, when Judge Bumpass heard, he told them they had better be quiet and go on and worship till the end of the Conference year as Christian people. For, said he, Mr. Waugh is evidently appointed properly according to the rules of his church. Bishop Soule was at the time a member and Bishop of the M. E. Church, and so properly appointed Mr. Waugh to the Circuit. The truth is, continued he, Mr. Waugh is about the only one of your preachers who is properly appointed for the year; evidently none of those preachers of the M. E. Church South whom Bishop Soule appointed then are properly appointed, as Bishop Soule had no authority to appoint them, and certainly no one outside of the M. E. Church had any authority to authorize him to do it. And now ensues a state of things which I know some good people will be ready to say, " Please do not tell, infidelity will laugh and be strengthened." To which I answer : The truth asks for no concealment or smug gling. Christianity makes no denial that there was a Judas under the very smiles of the then living Jesus, and at the same time a shirking Peter, who afterwards, under these same piteous, melting smiles of him who is the light of the world is seen with penitential tears and humble confession, as he hears the tender voice utter, " Feed my lambs." Christianity does not conceal the fact that sin, which drove the cruel nails, and then lifted up the loving 160 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; Saviour on the cross, was largely ingrediated with a venom lurking within the then existing church. Chris tianity does not conceal, has nothing to conceal of herself; and our dear fellow infidel folks, who try to sip comfort from these sad occurrences of sin, are just about as pitiably silly as those great philosophers were who, some time ago, went round laughing and telling that, " Professor Darwin was now going surely to upset the whole great structure of Christianity, as he had found out that all men and women came, not from the hand and breath of Jehovah, but from the monkey ; when, on close and deliberate examination, not a man or woman was ever yet found who had any sign of a tail, or even any place for the monkey's tail. I claim I have as much sympathy and kind feeling for our infidel people in their distressed and most unenvi able condition as any one floating out, as the mass of them really are, into the desolate, boundless sea of nothing ness, with no assurance of a heaven or a hell, a God or a devil, and even without any effective responsibility anywhere ; their only sure thing being the strange bub bling up of sin, strangely impregnated with terribly sulphurous gases. To which strange phenomena the infidel conscience, in its strange reveries, involuntarily exclaims, at times : " May it not be so, after all, that there is hell-fire down below somewhere, for really, experimentally, sin and death are realities ? " A state of things, I say, here ensued in the attempt to sustain and extend human slavery in the United States which now startles the belief of those who were not compelled to see and feel it ; of course we can for give while we can never forget. He was an abolitionist who would not openly adopt and publicly advocate all With Some Historical Even is. 161 the measures proposed for the justification, maintenance, and extention of slavery in church and State ; and to be an abolitionist was to be anything mean and execrable, down to the character of the devil himself, indeed, far below the devil in point of protection and priv ilege; for while the devil, under angelic politeness, was spared from "railing accusations," it was the height of pro-slavery politeness to rail against every one even vaguely accused of abolitionism as guilty of every mean thing, down to the most baselese non-truths which evil human and Satanic ingenuity could possibly invent and use. Some leading professed ministers of the gos pel were seen, Bible in hand, and saying with confident emphasis, " Slavery is divine, instituted of God, as here it reads so and so, and now this party who are operating against this institution must conclude that the word of the Lord can be overthrown, which never can be done/' Then some of those dear ministers were to be seen in conclave with some of the lowest and most unprincipled politicians of the State, looking on, if not affording practical assistance, in the attempt to drive off from the State peaceable, conscientious, brother ministers of the gospel, or if need be, to hang one up by the neck. There was Anthony Bewly, a dear and intimate friend of mine, a Southern -born man, one who had never changed a particle in his views or his practice on the matter of human slavery since he had commenced, years before, to preach as a Methodist minister. But they falsely accused him, and over the line in Arkansas hung him up. And there was also my dear friend, Benjamin Holland, of Platte, Missouri, a noble, Southern-born, humble, firm, Christian man. They killed him, too, stabbing him to tl 162 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; the heart, while his gray hairs were shining in God's unsullied light. He died, forgiving his persecutors, happy as if on a "flowery bed of ease." This same desperate class of men plotted to mob me, and had I not had a true Virginia friend on hand, and on the alert, they would have mobbed me, and proba bly have taken my life also. This friend was one of the largest slaveholders in the place, a member of no church, and in their conclave he was a silent and unsuspected spectator, and hearing all their plots, he took me pri vately aside, and, in true Virginia frankness, gave me all their plans, and all the names of their leading men, and the assurance of his purpose to assist me to the extent of his ability. And here I can say that, with this friend's most timely help, and by the aid of God's strengthening spirit, I gained a great victory. I told them their plots, and the names of their leading men, and their chaplain, once my kind brother preacher, ready, of course, now to put the rope tenderly around my neck in the extreme emergency. They were alarmed, confused, and demor alized, and but a solitary man appeared in sight at the spot where I was to be mobbed (a special point on the road to my appointment), and he stood dumb as I, calling him by name, bade him the time of day, keeping my eye closely on him, and passing hastily on my noble itinerant horse. He afterwards told my friend that they would have attacked Waugh, only that he saw that he (Waugh) was well armed, and they " knew that he was a terrible fellow to shoot," when, in reality, I did not have a single fire-arm of any kind with me. Another probably equally dangerous affair awaited me up in the northern part of the State, where I was exten sively known, having organized many of the Methodist With Some Historical Events. 163 people up through the Platte Purchase, years before, into their societies and classes. Some old friends and some of the editors up there had requested me to come and explain the position I occupied, and to publicly give my views on the question, and I had readily con sented to do so, and those editors had very kindly announced the time, place, etc., and asked the people to come peaceably, and hear me make my own statement So on the morning of this appointment, on my way there, I met an old friend coming post haste to meet me, who, in considerable excitement, said, " You must not go this day on to that ground. There is a band already there to mob you, and most likely they will take your life." Well, I told him the leading citizens had asked me to come, and several papers had assured the people that I would come, and had asked them to come and hear me for themselves, and so most certainly my sense of honor would not allow my friends to be disappointed, and I should go. "Then," said he, "I have simply and kindly done my duty, and I am not going near that ground again, and I tell you, you will be mobbed this day if you go there." Putting my trust with calm confidence in God, and with the firm conviction that it was the best way for me to maintain my honor, I went on. Reaching the ground, I found a large concourse of people in a beautiful grove where a stand had been erected, and I walked undisturbed up into the stand, and immediately invoked God's blessing on me, on the people, and on the truth. Then I unfolded my mass of papers, books, etc., and very briefly stated the object, my invitation, and my simple purpose to give them the 164 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; leading facts in the whole matter, and my reasons for the position I had conscientiously taken, asking all to hear me calmly and honestly. After giving a little sketch of Methodism in Virginia, and the usual course of the early Methodist preachers there on the matter of slavery, I then touched the new movement out of which the great excitement had grown, assured them that it was something really different in its character and object from what the masses had usually been induced to believe. That, in my candid judgment, it contemplated revolution, not only in matters ecclesiastical but in certain events revolution in matters State and National. That as evidence of evasiveness the authorities of the new M. E. Church South, in their new book of discipline just issued, had retained the old Wesleyan article on slavery. Then I read this article and asked what they thought of it, when many voices sounded out, breaking the silence, "Rank abolitionism!" Then, said I, this is what this new body still says to you in her official book of rules and doctrines. Send up, said I, your most ultra and most excited man and he will tell you that I make a fair presentation of the facts. I had a copy of every southern paper then published in advocacy of the new movement, and read and quoted from these, showing that the statements I made were true, as given in their own papers and by their leading men. I assured them that the old M. E. Church stood just as it did in the beginning, believing not only the truth in that old Wes leyan article, but also that it was the duty now, equally as it was with the early fathers of Methodism, to preach repentance for sin and reformation from wrong-doing, equally to the masters and the slaves. That this they had done and should still do, without assuming the With Some Historical Events. 165 responsibility of changing- the existing constitution of the nation, ecclesiastically. I made my statement calmly, giving the proofs mainly from their own documents, and invited them to examine for themselves. And in closing I felt a joyful conscious ness of God's approval in my effort to stand by the truth and to be on the side of the right. But just as I was taking my seat, up jumped a tall man, pale and excited, and said in a loud, angry tone, "It don't matter whether Mr. Waugh has told the truth in this case or not, he is known to be an abo litionist, and he shall be driven"- When up jumped a large, strong Virginia man, with a heavy cane in his hand which he struck heavily on the bench (and possibly there was a heavy pistol in his pocket), and he spoke out with telling emphasis: "Shelby, you go up into that stand, and show, if you can, that Mr. Waugh has not stated the truth in this matter; and if you can't do that, sir, take your seat. I tell you, sir, there are men enough on this ground to defend Mr. Waugh, unless you do that, and we will do it, sir." There both men stood; my Virginia friend calm and firm, and Shelby silent and pale as death, until he likely saw some of his own clan grinning at him, when he took his seat Then one of our good Methodist sisters, beginning to feel considerably happy at the way things were turning, struck up the good old song, "How happy are they who their Saviour obey;" and we had a very pleasant, happy closing up time, many then singing heartily together, 'Praise God from whom all blessings flow," and quietly receiving the benediction. And soon the entire Meth- 1 66 The Life of Lorenso Waugh; odist society there was numbered with the old M. E, Church in Missouri, and stood up squarely for me to the last, as did also the mass of the better class of the citi zens outside of the church. CHAPTER XXII. Still at Work in Missouri, but Had to Publish a Defense Obtained the Voice of the Old Membership in Petitions, and Took Them to the General Conference of 1848 The" Petitions Answered and Help Granted Returning to Si. Louis, Was Cordially Hailed, but Persecu tion from the Other Side Was Still Continued, but Failed Arrang ing for Removal to California Had a Singular Presentation, Which in the End Came True. DEAR children : I remained at my work on the Mill Creek Circuit throughout the year, notwithstanding the efforts made to drive me from my appointed field of labor, and I am sure I had the good will of all the better class of the people. And at the close of 1 846 we had no Conference of the old M. E. Church in Missouri, and so no one to re-appoint in our regular way. Still, there were a few of the former old M. E. Church preachers yet in the State, and many members of the M. E. Church who felt that they were simply left by their old pastors, and who were conscientiously opposed to the entire new pro-slavery movement , in the church, and who never did go into the new organization. Rev. Dr. A. Still, a noble Southern-born minister, stood his ground unmoved, though not having an appointment from Bishop Soule, as I did. Rev. N. Henry stood also firm, and continued to preach among the desolate members just as he best could. Both these brethren, though good and faithful With Some Historical Events. 167 to the end, were sadly maligned and persecuted, as all of us, under the new pro-slavery programme, had then to be. At the coming M. E. Church South Conference these Southern brethren told that they expelled me, when they all knew that I never had in any way connected myself with them. I had, however, the satisfaction of hear ing one of these then misguided preachers, after the lapse of more than twenty years, get up before a large assem bly of people here in, California, and acknowledge his error in persecuting me for what he now saw was doing the right thing, and ask my pardon, which pardon had long since been granted him in my heart, as far as I was concerned. Yet it was really refreshing to hear a man, after the lapse of nearly thirty years, say to the injured brother's face, and to all the people, that he had done wrong, was sorry, and asked pardon. During the year 1847, I continued traveling and preaching just as I best could, and at large through the State, and in the meantime assisting the old adhering members of the M. E. Church to arrange their petitions to the coming General Conference for the reinstatement of the M. E. Church back into Missouri. In the course of this year it became imperiously nec essary for me to publish a defense of myself and my course, and of the old cause in Missouri. The first pub lication I wrote in Missouri, and had it stereotyped and published in Cincinnati, Ohio, and I think I ran it through six editions, scattering them broadcast among our people and other honest inquirers after the truth. Then the next spring I took these petitions of our old members in Missouri up to the General Conference, held in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania ; going there on my own 1 68 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; expense, to represent my own depressed rights as a minister in Missouri, as well as those of the afflicted membership of the old Methodist Church. A large and able committee was at once originated, to which these petitions, and like ones from other places, were given ; and the righteous result finally was the res toration of the M. E. Church to Missouri and to other parts South. The coming Missouri Conference was, however, to hold its reorganizing session in oonnection with the next Illinois Conference, which it did at Belleville, Illinois. When I returned to St. Louis from this General Con ference of 1848, I was met by the adhering members of the old M. E. Church, with many expressions of joy and congratulations, though exhausted in funds and my clothing well worn. And I well remember that Brother Tabor and some others took me on a little walk in the city, and the next thing that happened was a man just my size seen smiling inside of a new suit all over, and some most welcome dollars in his depleted pocket. By this time, too, the brothers, sisters, and friends in St. Louis had gotten up " Ebenezer Chapel," and so we once more had a quiet, comfortable place to worship the God and Father of old Methodism in. The pro-slavery influence was still bitter against me in Missouri, and determined if possible some way to pros trate my influence in the State. So when our Confer ence came on, in connection with the Illinois, Bishop Morris informed me that certain of the Southern breth ren over in Missouri had informed him that they had charges there against me. I told the Bishop to have a committee, at once, to hear their charges, and to have them informed and notified to appear and present them, With Some Historical Events. 169 as I should be very glad to see them face to face. The committee was appointed, and the time set, and they duly notified to appear. The time came and the com mittee met, but not an accuser showed his face, as I had fully believed all the time would be the case ; and so my character was approved. Still it was plain that the Bishop desired, from some cause, to conciliate them. The cause, too, I was sure I understood, and had sympathy for the Bishop. He had a boy in Missouri, a boy in whose salvation he, as a father, had deep interest, as he had a right to have, but all the minutiae of this case I shall not here detain to give. Any way after this, in the Bishop's cabinet, it was seen that in place of sending me back to Missouri, as was the wish of our own people there, he had arranged to send me to a distant work in the Illinois Conference, which, of course, was his right to do. But Dr. Still being in the cabinet, and seeing the shape of things, told me this plan must be changed, as it would be a bad loss to our cause in Missouri, and much aid and comfort to those who had shown a willingness to do almost anything to put us down. Said Dr. Still, " You ask your location, and go with me back to our work, and I will see that you are provided with work till the next Conference, then you can come in all right again." And so I did, and Dr. Still did all he promised. To CERTIFICATE OF LOCATION. To THK REV. LORENZO WAUGH : The Illinois Annual Conference hath per mitted you to perform the office of an ELDER in the Methodist Episcopal Church, in your local relation, so long as you conform to the doctrines and discipline of the said Church, and walk worthy of your vocation as a minister of the gospel. Given under my hand, at Belleville, Illinois, this aist day of September, 1848. THO. A. MORRIS. I/O Tke Life of Lorenzo Waugh; the next Conference I came in an effective Elder, as I had been before, and there was not the least cessation in my itinerant work. The certificate from Bishop Morris, on preceding page, will show for itself in this case. I am aware that some of my kind readers will be likely here to charge me with being reckless and even fanatical in attempting to stand against such fearful odds and influence. But to this I must be allowed to say, that when light is clear and duty is made unmistakably plain, then the Christian man or woman has no chance, either in safety or innocence, to shun them. This, dear children, was exactly my case at this critical time. I clearly knew for myself that human slavery was a bad system and of bad tendencies, both in church and in State. And I saw clearly enough that the leading object on the one side, in the flaming excitement, was to secure the permenancy, and to this end the extension, of this system of slavery in the United States. I saw, too, plainly enough why the wicked politicians became all at once so piously concerned about the great evil they pro fessed to see in the long-standing restrictive rule in the Methodist Church denouncing the evil of slavery. The conservative influence of the Methodists, growing out of the faith and even partial practice of this old rule on slavery, stood in the way of the above-named pur pose. One politician, I know, in the South, openly pro claimed that the people of the South had been foolish in ever admitting that slavery was an evil, and that henceforth they should adopt the exact opposite view and term, and so become wise and consistent. The fact, too, that some of the older Methodist ministers in the South advocated the abrogation of this rule on slavery, charity requires me to say, grew not out of the fact that With Some Historical Events. 171 they wished to be unentrameled if they should find it proper and pious to sell and buy men, and women, and children, but simply to conciliate the politicians and the citizens massively in the South. True enough, some few old preachers did get their old scruples of conscience sufficiently out of the way to allow them to buy and sell men, women, and children, even I think some slaves worshiping the same God, and in the same church with themselves. I saw in 1849, '50, and '51, as clearly to my own mind, as in 1 863 and '64, that these plans, pressed to their legitimate issue, would result in a terrible flow of blood and loss of treasure, and so told the people in my feeble efforts to check the bloody tide which did soon rush over our trembling nation with all its ghastly accompa niments. In my struggles then for light and help, in my fast ings and in my prayers to God, I really seemed to see the coming struggle in its blood and fury, and the final victory and continued life of our afflicted nation. The following lines, written in 1850, and published in Jefferson City, Missouri, will give a clear touch of my views at that time. I do not claim that they were pro phetic, yet they do touch some of the facts as they came to pass. : The preachers of the church called "South," A mighty stir have made of late ; In practice they, if not by mouth, Have cried, "dissolve this Union great" The scheme they had some time on hand, Maturing plans which might be best, And who, of all should give command, And where was best to make the test. Light, too, they had, in scorching rays, But not from stars, nor sun, nor moon; 172 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; k burned upon them in a blaze From one great man JOHN C. CALHOUN. All kinds of means, save one, they used To carry out their cherished aim, Their "mother church" they all abused, And called her by a sad nickname. They even on her threw a veil And garb of slander, trimmed in style, Then bade her children, to assail And lash her well, and then exile Her members in the South; they took The rich and poor, and small and great, For "South," they said, was on their book, And all but such must leave the State. Some widows and some orphans too, And preachers old, and worn, and gray. They took into their "structure new," And cut them off from yearly pay. But, thank the stars, and all that's bright, They've failed to gain their object dear ; The Union's safe ! Their mother's right. And Anti's seen far in the rear. I will here also append the title page of a pamphlet which I wrote and published in Jefferson City, Missouri, in the early part of 1851, in which, too, the foregoing lines were published : DEFENCE REV. LORENZO WAUGH. 'NUMBER TWO: AD Appeal for Old Methodism and the Union. " HEAR YE MY DEFENCE." Acts 22nd, ist. (AD pipers friendly to the Union are respectfully requested to copy 4 JEFFERSON COT, 1851. With Some Historical Events. 173 Now, while it is no purpose of mine in this sketch to wound any one, even though he may have acted the part of persecutor in those perilous times, yet I wish it distinctly understood that it was then, and is still my calm judgment, that the course pursued by ministers of the gospel, and some leading church members, on the subject of human slavery, did hasten and terribly aggra vate the pro-slavery volcano, which bursted out with such stench, and blood, and death, and destruction, as did characterize it through those years of fierce rebellion. Nearly all those men who led off in this matter, and those who acted as my own persecutors, are now dead, and long since I have forgiven them all in my heart, and hope all were pardoned and saved who have been called to their final account. And I rejoice, sincerely, in all the good which God in his own mercy and power has brought of this trouble and evil, and under his own glorious skill and means in making the wrath of man to praise him. The very term South, at the outset, was a darling thing with a sonorous sound. But now it is a burden and blotch, a shame, and a tell-tale of folly and indiscre tion. May my dear Southern brethren soon succeed in its everlasting expurgation as a church appendage, and all the Methodists the world over be one in heart, in love all the people of God. Oh, may they be one in heart and holy Christian effort Roman Catholic and Protestant all showing the true faith and holy practice in Christ's most explicit word. " By their fruits ye shall know them." "Do men gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles." "Love as brethren, be pitiful, be courteous." My last two years in Missouri I spent on Fremont Circuit, where, under all the preceding circumstances 174 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; (only a little part of which I have given you in this sketch), I have no doubt we old M. E. Church folks had some of the feelings and experiences Paul had, as detailed in the twenty-eighth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles. There was, though, some difference in some of the particulars. For instance, our most "barbarous people," among whom we had fallen, in place of making fires to cheer and warm us, had their fires specially made to scorch us, and because they claimed that we were abolitionists, and that meant with them something more terribly execrable and obnoxious than if we had actually belonged to that class of human beings known to have the propensity and power to butcher and eat up, while yet half alive, any stray fellows of the human family. In fact, in those times, any man and every man was an abolitionist who did not say "niggah" with a peculiar twirl of the lip and sound of the voice. Then, too, while Paul " lived in his own hired house," the one which I lived in was my own, and for which I held a title from the United States Government On the whole, and by the grace of God, we had just then con quered, and gained at least a partial peace ; and so things were going on again with some degree of encourage ment. A Brother Hopkins was my Presiding Elder a noble fellow, too, talented and immovably firm for old Methodism, the Union, and for the right generally. In the fall of 1851 my health became seriously impaired from continued work and rather an over strain of effort, and repeated malarious attacks. And in this state I went to God for light, and the direction of the Holy Spirit, feeling fully assured that, unless I should make some change, my earthly race was near its end ; and here I soon did obtain light, and a clear and abiding With Some Historical Events. 175 sense of new duty. I felt my work in Missouri was ended, and my commission there duly canceled. And now, though it may seem incredible to some, I had a clear and most satisfactory presentiment to my mind that God would help me in an attempt to reach the Pacific Coast, there to seek for the restoration of my health, and for a new home ; and 1 can say in truth, that there was not a thought of the gathering of gold in the New El Dorado connected with it But the singularity of this presentiment to my mind, as I lay on my sick bed, was the seemingly clear view of the lovely Pacific Coast, a beautiful valley and plain, a lovely grove, and outside scattering big trees all beautiful to behold. But the most astonishing part of the whole matter, to my own mind, was that when I did go to California, and stopped my teams in the evening twilight, near the place where my lovely home has now been for about thirty years, all tired and sleeping soundly for the night, and in the morning when old Sol lit up the heavens and the earth with smiles, there to see the valley, the plain, the grove, and trees all the exact, beautiful scenery seen in my presentation months before, far over on the other side of the Rocky Mountains. It has not been my habit of life to be easily and hastily mislead, and I do not believe that in the usual sense of the term, I am at all fanatical. But even now, I have the settled conviction of mind, that the spirit, while yet in association with the body in this world, when going out in earnest, fervent desire and prayer, seeking after God, his light, direction and help, that the earnest, sincere soul in this way may, and often really does, get views and communications, which do not, nor could not, reach the spiritual perception and under- 176 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; standing through the ordinary channels of the bodily senses. I remember that on one other occasion, when I was very young in religious experience, I had evidence per fectly clear, that the mind can really, sometimes, see when the bodily eyes are closed. But what made this finding of my beautiful home in California more remark able, was the fact that when I started to cross the plains, I had planned to go to San Jose, there intending to meet with Father Isaac Owen, and have no recollec tion of ever having heard of Peialuma. CHAPTER XXIII. Arranging for the Plains On the Plains Heavy Sickness in the Rear Indians - Plenty A Buffalo Chase Team Ran over a Bluff, but the Scolding Woman Still Alive Fortunate Acquaintance with an M. D. Hard and Yet Good Luck on a Hunt A Man Alive Eaten up by the Wolves. DEAR children, I have already informed you that in the fall of 1851 my health had failed, and that I was sick, and worn out. I was then in charge of the Fremont Circuit, living in my own house in the town, which is now known as Stockton, Missouri. My Elder, Brother Hopkins, came to see me, and with words of comfort and cheer. But I told him my work was done in Missouri, and if I should be raised up again, I was going to start across the plains, and that I wished him, in due time, to look out for a minister to supply my place. He left me with the thought, as he afterwards told me, that my conclusion as expressed to him there was only caused by my burning fever. But on his return, some weeks after, he found my With Some Historical Events. 177 arrangements in part already made for my determined trip across the Rocky Mountains ; and so then he com plied with my former request, agreeing to look out for a preacher to supply my place. My fever abated, but my health continued poor. Still I used the strength I had in getting ready for my deter mined journey. I sold off the little property I had, even the main portion of my beloved library of good books, and bought, and fitted out, two good ox-teams, and laid in the needed provisions, guns, ammunition, tent, etc.* and wrote to the Conference, through my Elder, for my location. And so was all ready to be off with the first trains to start, having secured drivers for my teams. Besides my work-oxen, I had six good cows to supply us with our milk and butter by the way. My wife, John, William, and Henry Clay, our three boys, made up our own family Henry C. being then three years old, and our special pet. And here I must give Henry the first notice of the trip, as he became a favorite little fellow with many on the long journey. On the evening of our first encampment, when the large hollow-square of tents was all pitched, and all was bustle and hurry for supper, and readiness for repose for the first night in camp, Henry Clay stepped out with evi dent joy and excitement, with his new boots and breeches, cap and overcoat, with his hands in his pockets, and, after surveying the whole new and strange scene for a few minutes, he spiritedly holloed out, "Halloo, papa, is this California ? " I shall make no attempt here to write out this trip across the plains in detail, but only to give occasional incidents occurring on the way. The emigration this year, 1852, was very large, and 12 178 The Life of Lorenzo WaitgJi; the forward portion were measurably free from any special scourge of sickness, while those more in the rear had a terrible time with cholera, and many were hastily buried amidst the howling gangs of prowling wolves, which waited their chance to unearth the newly buried man, woman, or child, and so devour the lifeless body, and leave the bare bones scattered over the surface of the ground. Even those of us well in the lead were frequently compelled to view the sad sight of the graves of those newly buried, violated by these bands of wolves, while the bare bones lay scattered around on the ground, the only sentinel telling the sad tale. This year, too, the plains seemed in many places alive with moving Indian bands, but in the main peaceable. Still the back trains suffered in places with what they called " Indian depredations." But in truth these dep redations came usually from depredations first begun on the Indians by some of the foolish wicked white-faces. For instance as was the case near my own train a fool-hardy white man sees an Indian, off a distance, showing some signs of alarm, and he, the white man, tries, at once, the range of his boasted rifle, killing possibly only wounding the poor savage ; and so the next train coming on, of civil, unoffending men, women, and children, is attacked by the injured Indian's friends, and some are killed, their stock driven off, and general alarm and distress the consequent result. My knowledge of Indian character and habits greatly assisted me in keeping on good terms with the Indians around my own train, and most likely in preventing trouble with others traveling near me on the plains. On the Platte, we had a nice little buffalo chase, of which I must here tell the children. With Some Historical Events. 179 I had secured on starting a well-trained Indian hunt ing pony, and on riding along, one beautiful morning, in sight of the Platte River, I saw four large buffalo com ing across the river, and took my man Cazy, my hunter, and concealed ourselves near the river till the buffalo came over. There I got a shot at the big leader, but as he was on the move, I struck him too far back, and so they went, without stopping or turning, right for the long train of wagons, and by this time scores of excited people were out for the chase. The buffaloes came near running over my hunter, Cazy, and would, probably, if he had not hastily rolled down into a deep cut. I reloaded, mounted my anxious pony, and came on in full chase after my wounded buffalo, which had sepa rated from the other three ; and such an excitement as just then ensued would almost have made a boy's hair stand on end. More than fifty men, with all kinds of guns shot-guns, carbines, and rifles were after the other three buffaloes, and such shooting and hallooing even the women hallooing, "Go it boys! " And finally all the three big fellows lay dead, and immediately sur rounded by men, women, and children. As I was in hot haste after mine, determined at all hazards to secure him, in rushed a big Irishman, with a short, old gun, and on a fast mule, running right up to my buffalo, intending, of course, to shoot him dead if he could, and paying no attention to me on my little pony, when, all at once, the mule got a fair sight of the buffalo, and, whirling in furious fright, threw the Irishman clear off the saddle, his foot sticking still firmly in the strong stirrup, the scared mule making desperate leaps back in the direction of the train, but making sure blows about every jump with his heels, usually planting the blows 180 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; square on the Irishman's caudal extremity, until it luckily kicked him off, the boot only sticking in the- stirrup, and the saddle hanging to the mule's rump. The Irishman, with his gun still in his hand, was seen, with admirable Irish pluck, making again for the buffalo on foot you know, children, an Irishman is pretty hard to kill sometimes anyway, and that scared mule found it out, to its sorrow, after this. But with my pony I soon passed him, overtook the enraged buffalo, and shot him dead, my faithful pony watching out sharply after the shot to see that the furi ous buffalo did not get the chance to reek its vengeance by goring us, as they always have the will to do when pursued after being wounded. All four buffaloes were then fully appropriated, piece by piece, till only the bare carcasses were left ; and the train had lots of fine delicious fresh meat, and soon were moving on again with something new to talk about. Indeed, children, in times very long ago, a mess of good, fresh, wild meat was thought to have rather a spe cial effect. Just read the twenty -seventh chapter of Gen esis, and you will see this fact clearly, back there when Father Isaac and Mother Rebecca were still living, and their two boys still at home with them. And this reminds me of another interesting circumstance in our family on this long journey over the plains. Away back, before we had this spirited buffalo chase, I had killed a fine antelope, and a nice gentleman travel ing near me had rather attracted my attention by his in telligent appearance and pleasant ways, though we were still strangers to each other; so I gave him a quarter of my antelope, which he said he would gladly accept, but With Some Historical Events. 181 1 82 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; that I must come and take the evening meal with him and family, at his tent, as he wished to get more ac quainted with me. And in doing this I found he was a regular practicing M. D., and with a fine supply of medicines, instruments, etc., with him. So after partaking of the delicious antelope feast, said the doctor, " Now, I want to make a proposition to you. If you will continue to divide your fresh meat you kill on this journey, with me, I will be the doctor for both families, yours equally with my own, and furnish all the medicines." To this kind offer I most gladly agreed, as by my well-proved skill in shooting, and the fact that I had with me on purpose, a well-tried hunter, I felt sure I might come well up to all that the doctor might expect of me, as the sequal finally proved. But the interesting part in this whole matter is the fact that I have ever since felt that the doctor, with God's blessing, saved the life of my wife. She was taken sick, I think, first from unfortunately drinking some alkali water, and lay for several weeks seemingly at the point of death ; the doctor giving her skillful care day and night till again restored to health. I am well assured she could not have survived had we not had thus the doctor's skill and care, as we were compelled to travel on every day, except the Sabbath, my wife's sick chamber being our family wagon, hauled as steadily as might be by our faithful oxen, driven by my careful driver. She had been, as well as myself, in poor health before starting on the plains ; but after this she gradually improved, and is yet, up to this day, in good health, and thinks there is no country, this side of the .promised With Some Historical Events. 183 Canaan that can be compared in health and loveliness to California. But while still on the Platte, I had a little hard expe rience on a hunt. One morning early, with my man Cazy, we rode off south, intending, as we had done before, to hunt and see the country, and, in the evening, fall in with our teams some twenty miles ahead. But this day we made a complete failure in the matter of getting back to camp as we intended. We got off among the big, black-tailed deer, and by the middle of the afternoon we had loaded our ponies with fine venison, and then made for the prospective train and camp, trav eling in what we thought was the right direction. But night came on, happily for us a clear, starry one, and there was no appearance of the Platte. So we knew from the distance we had already come we were some way wrong in pur course. A familiar star which I had been previously noticing from our tent convinced me that we had to change our direction more to the north ward; and to this Cazy assented and bade me take the lead and go ahead as I thought best The country where we then were was a vast assemblage of broken sand-hills, some places with deep, dark gulches, but no timber, and with buffalo trails leading various ways and the wolves howling in every direction. And so we traveled on the whole night, guiding ourselves still by a leading star, and all suffering with thirst, as we had had no water during the day or night. Just at the dawn of day we sighted the Platte timber, then the trains and people, and hastening on we soon reached our own train and camp, just as they were finishing their breakfast, feeling that we had a good time in getting in at all. For if the night had been cloudy, 184 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; so that we could not have followed our guiding star, there is no telling whether we should ever have been heard bf again or not as it was, we felt our escape was almost miraculous, considering the numerous bands of prowling wolves we had to pass among with our fresh meat, as you children, will fully agree, when I tell you in this sketch further on of a wolf tragedy, which did actually take place on this journey across the plains. We had in our train one family which got along rather disagreeably; a man, his wife, and two young men driv ing the team. The woman herself was an incessant scold, nothing ever pleased her. If she had wood to cook with, it was always poor, and if she had to cook with "buffalo chips," which we all had to do for hun dreds of miles, these chips would cause her a scold as regular as the meal had to be cooked. And when we got up to what is known as Scott's Bluffs, then about noon, their oxen got scared and ran off with the wagon, and she was in it, and in their desperation we saw them go, wagon and all, over one of these bluffs, I should think about twelve feet square down. Of course we all thought the next thing we should have to do would be to bury our good scolding woman. But, in fact I thought I saw something about some of the faces of those who were to be the mourners indicating that down in the region of the heart, the place where real mourn ing is supposed to have its base and center, there was something just of the opposite nature. But there was no time just then for cold speculation, and all of us ran around and got down to the pile of wreck and in haste removed the broken furniture and dishes, etc., etc., the last thing on top of the woman being the churn, but bottom end up, and. the milk partly churned and the With Some Historical Events. butter saturating all the clothing and person of the woman. But when we got her out we saw there were still some signs of life, as she could raise her hands to her face, which she did, clawing the milk and butter from her eyes so that she could open them, and then her mouth immediately flew open, and her first articulation, distinct,, .loud, and clear, was, " Now you see what you have done; spilt this whole churn of milk, and just see, ain't I in a pretty pickle. You're a pretty set of drivers, now, ain't you." OVER THE BLUFF The truth was, for a wonder, the woman was not hurt, only in her feelings, to which she gave unmistakable expression, well establishing her pluck and former reputa tion as an irrepressible scold. They then gathered up the oxen, uprighted the wagon, adjusting it and the other things as far as possible, and soon we all were rolling on again for Sweetwater and Independence Rock, just about as though nothing at all had happened the company. 1 86 The Life of Lorenzo Waitgh; In the main, we got along pleasantly in our train, see ing often, though, exhibitions on the long journey that would seem to be proof, clear and conclusive, of the truth of the old Bible doctrine, that sin has entered into our world and that death follows as the inevitable con sequence. Ahead of us, one man wickedly shot another, and the company then shot the murderer, proving the truth of another item of this old code true, as expressed thus in the ninth chapter of the book of Genesis: "Who so sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed; for in the image of God made he man." Some rather strange aspects of things, too, were some times seen, for instance, the man of a pious reputation back at home, in some instances, on the plains was the desperado, while the man whose standing at home was that of rather a "wild fellow," here was the careful, steady, trusty man. In my own train there was just this exhibition. I had taken a young Kentuckian, Milton Turner, as one of my drivers, and some of my friends blamed me, say ing he would sometimes gamble and that he would betray and give me trouble. But Milton proved to be, in the fullest sense, my faithful hand and a good friend after we got through. While on the other side, my friend, Brother Cazy, was a church member and thought to be unwaveringly pious, and I took him with me, in part, to be a good example to my little boys. But one day I heard him swear, a regular old-fashioned vulgar oath, when I said to him, "Brother Cazy, how is this; what does all this passion and swearing mean with you." "Well," said he, calming down in a moment and try ing to get a new chew of tobacco in through his swollen, With Some Historical Events, 187 alkalied lips, "I don't approve this way of doing any more than you do; but there has something got the matter with me, and I candidly believe it is caused from this infernal alkali water and dust that we have been exposed to here on these plains." Of course I said no more to him, though my own lips had been but very slightly affected by the alkali, and I know I had not sworn an oath anywhere. But children, I must not forget to tell you of that terrible wolf trage'dy I have promised you. There was traveling in the train just joining ours behind, a very interesting young man, a German, who was on his way to California, and with him his sister. She, too, was a nice young lady, and was beloved by all who became acquainted with her. We had camped in a little valley surrounded with broken hills, and where there was plenty of good water, a favorite camping place, so the grass was well grazed off near by, and the stock had to go some distance back on the hills for good feed. The next morning all hands, just after breakfast, were on the stir as usual for the start. My own hunter, Mr. Cazy, was already on the pony, gun in hand, to drive up our stock, when, all of a sudden, out over the hills southeast, we heard more than a usual yelling of wolves, and immediately in the intervals of these yells, we heard the screams of a human voice, unmistakably in fearful distress. And I instantly bade Cazy to push in all haste in the direction of the voices, and in quick time more than twenty men were going in full speed. Directly we could notice the human voice getting weaker, and then still more faint, until it ceased, and then soon all the wolf-yelling was silent. Our men had a more difficult task in finding the place than they 1 88 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; expected, as it was much farther over the hills than they had thought it was. But finally, on looking intently, they discovered the place, and saw the band of prowling wolves hastily escaping off over the hills and there lay the bare bones of this dear young German man, not a shred of his flesh being left. These wolves had literally eaten him up alive ; and his sister was left, as far as her kind brother was concerned, alone on the plains. But I am happy to add, that the last time I saw her, she was well assisted by good, kind friends, and was getting on nicely, making her way to California. I had myself, and one of my boys with me, what I felt was a narrow escape from being devoured by a band of these wolves in another place, but I will not detain you to give the particulars here. We made no stop in our journey until we reached "Hangtown," now Placerville. Here I found some intimate old friends, and stopped three days, seeing the first gold-mining operation we had ever witnessed. On reaching Sacramento, a kind bachelor friend would take no denial, but had us stop our wagon beside his house, and go inside and camp, which we did, stopping some three or four days, just turning our stock loose in what is now Sacramento City, but then only a scattered lot of little shanties and cloth-made houses about all of which were afterwards swept off by fire. Leaving Sacramento, we crossed over the river, and drove on down to Suisun Valley. Here I met my old friend from Platte, Missouri, Rev. James Borland, and at his pressing request, stopped my teams and camped for a month near him, so as to enable me to look around through the country, and to make selection of a place for a home. Feed for stock was plenty all over the With Some Historical Events. 189 country, and the people were all kind, and glad to see a man come with his family to seek a home and to stay. While at Suisun a Methodist camp-meeting came on, I think likely the first one held in the State ; and it proved to be a season of great spiritual refreshing. At this meeting I met with Uncle Billy Mathews, known then extensively north of the Bay ; and under his advice, and leaving my family still in our pleasant camp quar ters, went with him to his favorite Petaluma Valley, and, liking it well and finding a place with a little redwood shanty up, and for sale, I bought ; and then returned and took my family and effects, at once, via the old "Petaluma House," onto my newly purchased claim. My arrival, and first night and day at this new home, I have already spoken of in a former chapter. So here we are in California; and to God be all the praise and glory for happy direction, and bounteous care, and continued protection. Amen. My certificate of location, which I informed you I asked of the Missouri Conference, I received some little time after reaching California, and it is here appended: CERTIFICATE OF LOCATION. To THE REV. LORENZO WAUGH : The Missouri Annual Conference hath per mitted you to perform the office of an ELDER in the Methodist Episcopal Church, in your local relation, so long as you conform to the doctrines and discipline of the said Church, and walk worthy of your vocation as a minister of the gospel. Given under my hand, at Newark, Missouri, this yth day of October, 1853. T. A. MORRIS. Dear children, here is also a little sketch of a journey across the plains re-published and taken from the Peta luma Courier : 190 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; JOURNEY ACROSS THE PLAINS. The subjoined narrative, we are sure, will be read with interest by many of this date. We get it from the California Christian Advocate of August 10, 1853. It was written by Father L. Waugh, from the facts given him from the lips of Thomas Elliott, one of the com pany, and of its entire truthfulness he assures us he has not a doubt. Father Waugh was acquainted with most of the route described, and was once a missionary among the Indians west of Missouri : To all who love to read the truth, Especially to friendly youth, I'll sketch a trip across the plains And tell its pleasures and its pains. 'Twas on a clear and cheerful day, In " Forty-nine " the twenty-second May, With brothers two, and father dear, We left our home and kindred near. Our number whole was nine times ten, The most of whom were youthful men. With teams, and tents, and arms, and food, We struck our march in cheerful mood. The words most heard were " Gee, whoa, haw ! " As on we moved, west of the Kaw ; At Blue we caught a lovely dish Of perch, and trout, and other fish. The antelope we then soon had, Whose flesh is sweeter then the shad; And buffaloes came in on Platte A splendid dish when thoroughly fat. Some- elk we had, and grouse, and hare, And squirrels and dogs we did not spare. Through all the land the Pawnees claim We passed in peace, and ate their game. The valley, of the Platte is grand ; Its bluffs are thousands, shaped of sand j Its ponds are mixed with alkali As you get up upon it high ; Its " Chimney-rock" and "Court-house " pile With Some Historical Events. 19 \ Are objects seen for many a mile ; It has its posts of trade and laws, Where white men live with Indian squaws. We left the Platte our way to take Across a hill, called " Rattlesnake," And in the dust and melting heat We reached the stream called " Water Sweet," We passed some springs which poison stock, Then by the " Independence Rock ; " The bluffs upon this stream are great, One pass is called the " Devil's Gate." From here we found both wood and grass, Until we reached the "Great South Pass;" Here northward lies eternal snow On mountain heights, with grass below. " The Springs Pacific " here are found, In dreadful marshy, boggy ground ; But trains turn out to rest a day, As now they've passed near half the way. Our train from here made progress slow, By Bridger's Fort it had to go ; So by the time we reached Fort Hall Twas in the second month of fall. Some of our train from here went back, And some progressed, resolved to pack ; With twice thirteen we started on, With each a mule, for Oregon.. We took our way with cheerful heart, But four days on we got apart j We left our camp before 'twas day, And four of us thus lost our way. We lonely traveled on till night, But of our comrades got no sight ; We laid us down till break of day, Then started on our lonely way. We still nad hopes our friends to see, And join again their company ; But this day's facts the truth made plain That we this pleasure should not gain. So we resolved, though now 'twas late, To press toward the "Golden Gate." The evening next, by pale moonlight, 192 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; A city seemed to catch our sight ; We saw the street and towering blocks But lo ! it was the " Steeple Rocks ; v We passed it by in lonesome case, And heard but owls in all the place. Ah ! deep we felt the impress run, That we were far from every one ; And raised our thoughts, with feelings rare, To Him whose work these wonders are. From here we pressed without delay, And Humboldt reached on the tenth day. Here hostile Indians prowl for gain, And emigrants are sometimes slain. But these we pass in safety by, Though oft we saw their fires nigh. The Carson route we aimed to take, But Lawson's took in a mistake ; We now began to be distressed, Our food was gone, we needed rest ; 'Twas desert, too, around us here, No game was found, no water near, Some four days on we ate some mule, And quenched our thirst with water cool, And felt revived, and hoped anew That yet some day we should get through. Soon, now, the rain began to pour, And every stream was heard to roar ; But on we kept as best we might, From break of day till fall of night. Some eight days on, we stopped at night 'Midst pines of most surprising height ; And laid us down to take our rest, But after awhile, waked up oppressed ; The cause we soon were made to know, For all were buried up in snow, And still it fell till night was o'er, And on, and on, for three days more. We now were in a world of snow, Yet on we all resolved to go, And when one week of toil was passed, Again the snow was falling fast ; And here, near by a stream we crossed, With Sflittf Historical f\ re tits. 193 We found a man alone and lost. He wept to see so strange a sight, And told us that his name was White. He further said, that here, close by, Were four men more, giv'n up to die ; We spent with these a stormy night, And started on next day with White. The others wept, though in despair For when we left, they still stayed there ; And, doubtless, there they found their grave, Though they were Germans, bold and brave. We now were lame with frosted feet, And carrion beef was all our meat. With snow-shoes wide we had to go, And thus we made our progress slow ; But none were heard to make complaint, Though oft one grew both weak and faint ; We then would stop, and soothe, and cheer, And urge that all should persevere. Erect, one day, we found a tent, Abandoned by some emigrant ; And here we stopped, and nine days stayed, And fixed our shoes, or new ones made. We stretched across ox-bows rawhide, And these upon our feet we tied ; And thus we walked upon the snow, But up steep hills we crawled so slow. We now were in a crisis drear, Our tombs of snow we feared were near, But two along in turns made prayer, And asked the Lord to help and spare. At last we topped a mountain high, And looked ahead with wistful eye When, lo ! there was a glorious scene, A valley long, all clad in green. The sun once more to us shone bright, And with us thep wat hope and light ; Tlv itueidcg stiuw poured down a branch, nnd just ahead was " Lawson's Ranch." We hastened down in hopes to find Once more a household, glad and kind, And all in hopes to get a meal ; jl The Life of Lorenzo IV a ugh; But folks we found with hearts of steel ; They coldly set some scraps, a few, Then charged us dollars twenty-two ! We left them with their rout and gain, And ever think of all with pain. The miners soon we found to be A noble set, both kind and free ; Their aid to us like manna fell, And still we live to wish them well. CHAPTER XXIV Old Eden Discovered Wild Oats, Wild Clover, Wild Indians Eating It Nature Cultivating the Earth Young Men Examples to the Boys in Industry and Sobriety Also an Opposite Class, Which I Dare Not Name in My Book My Daughter and Son Born in California The Boy's Death. DEAR children, as I feel sure you would not for give me if I should end this little sketch just where I ended our long trip across the plains, and not tell you of some of the early times and scenes in California, I will write up some of the occurrences of those days, for your entertainment. After resting sweetly for the night and enjoying a blessed sleep, and then a good breakfast for we still had quite a little lot of our long journey's provisions, flour, bacon, etc. then a word of prayer and thanksgiving, I walked out to take a good, calm look at the new country, and the surroundings of our new home. And never before was a landscape sight more beautiful since the day the old Garden of Eden was closed up, and forever hid from certain human knowledge. But with that sight that lovely blessed morning, the old word "Eden" kept pushing out everything else, so that I was almost With Some Historical Events. 195 forced to say, "Well, well, after all is it not so, that here is Eden, old Eden, sure enough, only racked and broken up a little by the hurrying of old Time and an occasional frolic of the earthquakes before they became civilized. The whole country looked as one great field of the clear wild oats, the rich seed of which then lay thick, fallen out on the ground. And the clover, still fresh and green, some kinds in full bloom, masses of it, and the lazy, naked Digger Indians lying stretched out among this clover, eating it as though it was bread and meat, cheese and butter, Until they were tight full And just here I must tell you, children, what I saw about this wild oats the first little shower that came, and you must not be disputing what I tell you, for it is so. The grain of this oats, when it falls off to the ground, carries with it a singular, long, little petal or beard, rolled up in the time of ripening; and then the earth is all cracked about on the surface by the sun, and there being no summer rains; and just here in this, I saw the wonderful process of nature's wonderful and efficient device of cultivating and sowing the ground, without plow, or seed-sower, or even hand-work, and so raising in rich abundance this beautiful oats. At the time when the first shower comes and moistens the seed lying on the cracked-up ground, this petal or beard at once begins to unroll itself and you see the whole assemblage of the grains begin to roll over and over, and down and down into those sun-prepared cracks they tumble and tumble. And so here, directly after the big showers come, the whole face of the earth is one complete well-sown, well- come-up, and finally beautifully-grown field of oats, the richest kind of feed in the time of its green growth, and when ripe, and cut, and cured, is just as sweet and rich 196 Tke Life of Lorenzo Waugk; as any hay ever offered to the hungry beasts; being oats and hay together, if cut and cured just right. The people often tell us that the boys can beat almost anything sowing their "wild oats." But I tell you, boys, these wild oats of ours in California can beat in real beauty and value all the wild oats the whole fra ternity of wild boys ever sowed. And so, to every boy engaged in sowing wild oats, allow me in all kindness just to say, be ashamed and quit, and never attempt to sow another handful of your wild oats. Then when you get to be as I am, over seventy-three years old, you can be just as happy as I am, and use your pen just as well, I hope. Our neighbors just then were few and rather far between. Col. W. B. Hagan settled the same year just north of me, the Digger rancheria being between us. A Mr. Copeland was living a short distance northwest of him, and Charles Patten six miles further on, and Robert Crane and brother had just settled between. In the neighborhood of what is now Petaluma, L. Wiatt was living, Mr. Kent and a few others, and near there was Major Singly and Judge Pay ran; and just south of me was Judge P. Thompson, living in a " factory " house, while some four miles up the edge of the plain Mr. Thomas Hopper settled, I think the same fall, and near the same time his brother, John Hopper. Out west was Mr. C. Merritt and Mr. Canfield. Among our early young men I might mention John Merritt, Willian Hill, A. F. Redemeyer, Robert Crane and Joel Crane, L. F. Carpenter, and his older brother, Franklin Carpenter. These two latter being full cousins of my wife, afforded her much comfort when she found them out Then there was James G. Fair near me on With Some Historical Events. 197 the south. The Mock family soon came in, Charles, William, John, and Wesley. And Wesley was the first man married in our part of the State, I performing the ceremony and James G. Fair signing the certificate of marriage with me. And just here I think it will be interesting to the boys to give them a little sketch of some of our young men and early settlers in this part of California, just to show what perseverance, industry, honesty, care, and sobriety can do even for boys just in a few years. I will begin with THOMAS HOPPER, as I think he stood first in point of settlement. "Tom Hopper" they used to call him. He was a poor boy when he started off West from Missouri, having no means worth speaking of, only a sound body and energetic mind, and by the way, a mind of his own. When I first met him he had accumulated some stock, mostly cattle, and a little money, this was in 1852. And now boys "Tom Hop- per has got together, and I believe .fairly and honestly, more money than I should like to see any twelve boys of you try to carry off on your backs, for I am not cer tain but that it would crush you every one, even if it were not all in solid silver bricks. I hope Tom may be just as successful in his arrangements for the invaluable riches of the grace of God just over in the better land riches which will forever endure. Thomas Hopper has been my kind, good neighbor from the first in California, and in his business he has always made his mark well, for, boys, his exposure to moving, frontier life cut him off from all the advantages of school education, so that he has in all his increasing business had to make "his mark," and I never have heard any one accuse Thomas Hopper of making "his mark" in the wrong place; 198 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; and so to this day his business and money are still increasing. And there is A. F. REDKMF.VER. they used to call him "the Dutch Boy." He was hale and hearty, and ready for any job of honest work that might offer, and he did not care a cent about the hardness of the work if it would only pay, and he did not care what they called him if they only called him in good time to his meals, and always paid him just what they would agree to. If any of them could truthfully get the advantage in a bargain or barter, " Ready" was always ready to let any of them try their skill in beating him in a fair, good bargain. A. F. Redemeyer is now living at Ukiah, Cali fornia, and has more money that I should like to have piled on me if compelled to carry it all at one load. Some people, on casual or business acquaintance think Mr. Redemeyer rather reserved and unsocial, but I well know that all a good man has to do to be made fully sensible that this is not the case with "Ready," is to get right down where his noble German manliness and really generous nature have their base and solid deposit. WILLIAM HILL was in early times called "Bill Hill the wood-chopper." Mr. Hill was then about as stout as a young giant, and could put as much work through his hands as the next man, no matter who. He could handle his axe with tremendous power and skill, and when his wood was chopped he could handle the logs and split and cord up for the market in the most expeditious and approved style of the profession. He could cook his own slap-jacks, bacon, and potatoes equal to the next man; for then we had none of these since much used and fussed over instruments called China men. Mr. Hill was steady in his habits, and I think no With Some Historical Events. 190 man ever saw him loitering around the grog-shops, and so of course he was never seen intoxicated, and I know, boys, I never saw him with one of those hateful boy- ruining cigarettes in his mouth. So he went on steadily at his work, minding his own business and letting other people do the same, and now William Hill is the pos^ sessor of lands and houses, and fine stock, and has a lovely wife and lovely children, and is the President of the Sonoma County Bank; and has as much actual hard cash as ought to make six men as happy as money can make them. He is still looking in good health and with a happy face. I. G. WICKERSHAM was then a young man of but limited means, but sober, steady, and industrious, a leading member in the Order of the Sons of Temper ance. Being honest, and careful, and persevering, he stands now as one of the leading moneyed men of this coast, with an excellent wife, and nice children. J. S. VAN DOREN, in 1856, when I first saw him, was a kind and sprightly boy, always seen at church and at the temperance meetings. And such is John to-day, steady and faithful in business, only associating with the good, has a happy family, and plenty of money. Anct the same may be said of Deacon Gilbert's boys, J. S. Van Doren's early associates. JOHN MOFFET, now living in Healdsburg, has a beau tiful home, a most amiable wife, and plenty of means; was here in early times, sober, industrious, and persever ing. All acquainted with John Moffet find him a gen uine man, and a true friend. ROBERT and JOEL CRANE wene both steady, indus trious boys ; both now in good circumstances, and hon ored and respected by all who know them. 2OO The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; WM. B. HASKELL I must not forget. I have known him since he was a boy, always temperate, studious, hon orable, and kind to the needy. All such boys are an honor to their parents, and a blessing to their country. JOHN MERRITT was a pioneer boy, his father being among the first settlers on the Pacific Coast. John saw the early rough times, but maintained a steady life, and is now the owner of a lovely home, has an excellent wife, and nice children. JUDGE A. P. OVERTON was my first hired man in Cal ifornia; was steady and industrious; is now rich and independent. GEORGE Ross was a lone young man. He was always affable and polite, and always had many warm friends. He is in fine health, and is now our leading photographic artist in Petaluma. GEORGE MCNEAR I used to see, when a little boy, at church and at the temperance meetings with his father and mother, and with his grandfather and grandmother Williams. George is now managing a large business, with plenty of money, and many good friends. MAJOR JAMES SINGLEY was an early settler, is still in active business, with a smiling face, and has raised a nice family of children. JUDGE JOHN CAVANAGH is a pioneer, an affable, popular, American citizen, though born in Ireland ; a good sample for every Irishman coming into America. He has an amiable family. L. F. CARPENTER was a pioneer, passing through the varied vicissitudes of the early miner's and settler's life. He is still in active business, with ample means, and has a good wife, and three interesting children. H. L. WESTON, SAM CASSIDAY, N. W. SCUDDER, and With Some Historical Events. 201 J. H. McNAB, are old settlers with " Argus eyes," look ing intently in every direction for all that is right ; and with fingers nimble in handling the type steady at work to accomplish the right things which their four hundred eyes bring to view. And there is ARTHUR and WILLIAM SHATTUCK, and the boys of our old Land Commissioner, and his brother, JUDGE PHILIP R. THOMPSON all at work faithfully and honestly ; all seeking to aid in keeping the streams of news, and official business, and current literature pure and free from dishonesty and pollution. Our printer boys and journalists and office-holders are important factors in civilization, and always honor them selves and their country when faithfully following the noble example set them by Ben Franklin. JOHN FRITCH and WILLIAM ZARTMAN are staunch, faithful, temperate men, with good families. They came in early times, and are good mechanics, being industri ous honest, and persevering. They have now plenty of money, many friends, and are still in good health. GEORGE PIERCE I met in '52, then a young man, a practicing attorney, and politician ; and with all his con sequent exposures, Mr. Pierce has maintained his integ rity as an honest man. He is now blessed with an excellent family, and plenty of means, and looks happy. B. F. TUTTLE is a fair sample of what a just and true man can become in a few years, honored and esteemed by all who know him, happy in all his relations, with ample means. W. D. BLISS came to Petaluma in early times, a young man, an attorney-at-law. He at once engaged in the work of his calling, pursuing it with vigilance and strict fidelity, having then but small means. W. D. Bliss is 2O2 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; now the owner of houses and lands, and plenty of money ; has a good wife, and can get all the business entrusted to his care he may wish to attend to, and his friends are those who can be trusted. HENRY HOLTEN was among our early boatmen, a man who could be trusted, because he was industrious, honest, and sober. Henry is still the faithful, trusty boatman, and has an interesting family. CAPT. A HENRY is one of the old fixtures of Sonoma County. In early times he was given to terrible intem perance ; but, on a time April I, 1853 he took the matter under advisement for himself. He saw there was danger and ruin near ahead. He had honor and firmness yet left, and he said " I will touch this intoxi cating drink no more." Captain Henry has been faithful in his convictions and resolutions. He stands to-day the faithful, sober man, who can be trusted in office, or out of office, confidently trusted by any man, woman, or child. All honor to him, and to every one who will forsake the wrong, and love and practice the right . Our three druggists in Petaluma were all early Cali- fornians FRANK T. MAYNARD came in 49, T. Mo QlJIRE in '50, and S. D. TOWN, I think, about the same time. All are sober, enterprising, business men, still in active life, and doing a fine business in their line. J. B. BAILEY was here in early times, a steady, indus trious young man. In 1855, I married him to Miss Rachel E. Hasten, the first couple, I think, ever married in Petaluma. James and Rachel are still living here cosily, lacking, as far as I know, no nice thing except some little babies. Bailey has made his mark far more interestingly than many men of more exalted preten- With Some Historical Brents. 203 tions. Many a fine building bears the impress of his skill and taste. He was our first painter in the now beautiful city of Petaluma. C. A. HOUGH was a pioneer; settled in Sonoma County in early times. He is still enjoying life, with an excel lent family not even lacking the little babies. JAMES G. FAIR, then a stout, industrious, plain young man an Irishman, or at least of Irish descent He could crack his own ox-whip, handle his axe and maul^ his thousand redwood pickets or rails, equal to any of the boys. He could cook his own meals, wash his dishes, and make his own bed, in first-class bachelor style. He was a little spunky, and high of temper, as most men of special energy are ; and, like most of us those days, he was often a little hard up for a little ready cash. Mr. Fair was our first township Constable, and in this showed energy and business ability. Then he was Deputy Assessor, where, I think, he got by energy and fidelity, his first little raise of money. So "Jimmy" Fair, as we then called him, went ahead by the littles. Soon he went up into the mines, there developing energy and skill in management, which neither he nor any of his friends knew was there before. So thus on went young James G. Fair, till, in a few short years, he comes up to the surface, and is known to pos sess in his own name and as far as I have ever learned, fairly and honestly gained money solid gold and silver in real value running up into the millions. Then the next we hear of our " Jimmy " Fair, he hails us from the Senate of the United States. There are others equally deserving which I should like to name, but my limits admonish me that I must desist at this point. 204 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; Now, dear boys, while I name these as samples for you, I could give a list of the opposite class of boys, which would present a sad contrast. This latter class had equally good parents, and favorable opportunities, but they chose the ways of vice ; they smoked and drank, and made associates of the vile ; and some of them have already ended their days in the blackest infamy, .so that I dare not mention their names in my book. Take these two classes of boys, which have come under my notice just here in the last twenty-five years, and the wise man's declaration is seen to be literally true : " The memory of the just is blessed ; but the name of the wicked shall rot" Prov. 10:7. In the fall of 1852, after we got settled on our new place, our only daughter, Elizabeth D., was born since married to Capt George A. Allen, they now having four living children, their oldest having died when a year old. Their children are all healthy, smart, and active, and in school, except the baby. Our three boys are all married, and living off in dif ferent parts of California. We had one son born in California, Franklin Carpen ter, a child of lovely promise, but taken off to the better home when only ten years of age. See the notice of his death below : OBITUARY. FRANKLIN C. WAUGH, youngest son of Rev. L. Waugh, was born near Petalurna, January 30, 1865. When but four years old he became thor oughly opposed to the vices of drinking, chewing, smoking, and swearing; and was a faithful member of the "California Youth's Association," and left his diploma therein unsullied. Many of the temperance friends will remember " Little Frank " as he stood up with his shrill, happy, childlike voice in advocacy of his princi ples, while traveling with his father. Obedient to the command, " Honor thy father and thy mother," he needed no rod of correction, and seemed With Some Historical Events, 205 pleased with everything in the direction of reverence and devotion to God. We commend and honor men of marked ability, although too often they are slaves to vice ; most certainly greater honor should be given to a noble- hearted boy, who stands firm in ever)' virtuous principle, and sets his face firmly against vicious and filthy habits. His whole bearing was serious and gentlemanly, and he was careful of the feelings of all with whom he mingled. He died as he lived, peacefully and bravely, and is now, doubt less, with Him who said, " Suffer little children, and forbid them not, to come unto me, for of such is the kingdom of heaven ." Then let our sorrows cease to flow, God has recalled his own ; But let our hearts in every woe, Still say Thy will be done. W. S. BRYANT. CHAPTER XXV. Valley Lands About All Vacant Plenty of Game, Fowl and Fish Whales Often in Sight Coyotes Bucking Horses Spanish Stock Extract from the First Magazine My Home Gen. M. G. Vallejo My Benefactor. DEAR children : When we reached the Pacific Coast in the fall of 1852, after our four months' journey across the plains, the greater body of those beautiful valley lands still lay as nature had formed them, and not a hedge or fence to obstruct the traveler in any direction he might wish to- go. Up to this time, the people coming both by land and sea, as a general thing, would pass indiffer ently over those lovely valleys and go for the gold mines, and with the idea generally that soon they would "strike it rich," " make their pile," and then " go back to the States." And at that time, too, the wild game was abundant; antelope, deer, and bear, and along the low lands on the Sacramento and Russian Rivers and coast- hills elk were plenty, and of the howling coyotes there were more than any white man could number. Of 2o6 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; fowls, in the proper season, there was any quantity. The beautiful, delicious California quail were aSout as plenty as at the old time named in the book of Num bers, eleventh chapter, when with a wind "from the Lord" the quails were blown over from the coast to Moses and the children of Israel. All kinds of good- O eating water-fowl were numerous. Then, too, the streams, and bays, and ocean were full of fish, and so, also, alive with seal, otter, sea-lions, and often a great school of spouting whales in sight. I have seen in those times the beautiful, red-meated salmon crowding up the comparatively small streams from the ocean so thick that you could stand on a ripple and pitch them out, and so load a horse in but a short time. The fish would weigh from ten to twenty pounds, and besides being most delicious eating when fresh, could be readily salted and barreled up for eating after the run was past, for these fish only leave the sea and enter the fresh water at a certain season or time in the year. Then the fish called the salmon-trout, a fine fish, some of them two feet long, could be caught in those fresh water streams. And the speckled trout were abundant, these California trout being black speckled instead of having the red speckles as those back in the East have. The only stock then plenty was the Spanish cattle and horses. These cattle, too, were inclined to be wild, and often dangerously vicious. Many of these Spanish horses, too, when backed would " buck," that is, jump quick, and high, and fast, and keep on bucking until something would burst or they burst themselves ; their heels, often in this time of bucking, being much higher than their heads should be in ordinary movements. With Some Historical Events. 207 And I tell you boys, it took a boy that was a boy to stick one of these clever bucking "broncos," as the Spaniards called them. I know I got myself some remarkably interesting buck-offs from some of them; interesting, because I did not get my neck entirely broken. About the only redeeming quality about these Spanish plugs is that they could be kept in a full lope all day, and next morning be as spry as ever, and ready to buck the rider off at once if they thought it best. American stock of all kinds, in these early times, was very scarce and high in price; for instance, we sold one of our ordinary cows for $100 in gold. Hogs were few and high in price, and the same was true of all domestic fowls. Sheep had once been here, as could be seen by the scattered horns and old bones, but they were all gone. And the honey bees, I think, had never yet reached the Pacific Coast, and when they did come, shipped around 2o8 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; the Horn, a single hive would bring at least $100 in gold. Indeed it looked sad and strange to me to see no honey bees when seeing the great variety and most astonishing amount of lovely blossoms, everywhere delighting the eye and the nose. Shortly, children, I must give you a chapter on our wild game, and some of the times we had in hunting. For the present I will clip a scrap from the old Hutch- ings Magazine, the first magazine, I think, ever published in California, which presents a hint at those early times we are here speaking of. I would remark here, however, that the coyote, so very abundant in early times in this part of California, has now nearly disappeared. The Digger Indians regarded these coyotes with a kind of sacred reverence, and so they were always special friends, and when I began to shoot them down for their sly, thievish tricks, these Diggers took their part and were mad with me. In those early times, if a horse was staked even near by your house, Mr. Coyote would often cut the lariat and let the horse run off. And I know they were mean enough to have even ridden the horse off and then killed and eaten him, if they had known just how to do it; and they did know just how to do many a mean trick, and many of them I caught at it, and made them pay all the fine suit they had as forfeit, for coyote skins make beautiful robes. CUNNING TRICKS OF THE CALIFORNIA COYOTE.' FATHER LORENZO WAUGH. Speaking about frontier life, new settlements, and characteristics of wild animals, I will pen you a brief sketch of my coyote experience. After coming across the plains in the year 1852, I settled five miles north of With Some Historical Events. 209 the spot now occupied by the town of Petal uma. The place up to that time had been "passed by on the other side" by all the immigrants, as the main or most usually traveled road to Bodega was through Santa Rosa, or by the "Old Adobe" and Petaluma. Everything was new and there was not a house in a line between me and town. It being autumn, we wintered in a kind of red wood camp ; but the next spring built a redwood house and prepared for comfort, as well as we could. I pur chased a brood sow for $40, and my wife bought a suck ing pig; for $10, cash. I also bought a number of hens at a high figure; the amount at this moment I do not recollect, but I recollect well that the roosters cost me at the rate of $60 per dozen. "We had hardly more than got comfortably situated when my wife left on a visit to an old friend in " 'Frisco/' as the metropolis was then called, and charged me to be particularly careful of her hens ; and so, indeed, I was. But somehow or other, when she got back and had a chance to make a survey of the roost, she earnestly affirmed that " More than a dozen are gone ! " and among the missing was her favorite Shanghae rooster. " Well, I told her I had not heard a squall, and could not account for the loss. For the life of me I could not tell one chicken from another, while my wife, on the contrary, knew every possible difference, color, name, age, and feather ; and during the night, she scarcely slept a wink on account of her grief, and listening for the attack of the foe to her chickens, and to her peace of mind. "Just as day began to dawn, she softly awakened me ? told me to take my gun, go out and see what I could discover about the hen-house. So, yager in hand, I slipped out, and sure enough, there was one of your coy- The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; otes sleek, fat, silent, sly, and seemingly as innocent as a lamb. He stood at the corner of the hen-house, with his eyes upon the elevated door, ready to take the first chicken that should light upon the ground. I blowed daylight through him, as your hunters would say ; when out came my wife, just as she sprang from the bed, hur rahing for my success. The yellow rascal had succeeded in killing the chickens, one by one, without allowing them an opportunity to raise a noise about it " The above circumstance induced me to watch out in future for coyotes, not only in relation to my wife's chickens, but to my sow and her pigs. One very wet day, I heard the old sow making a fussing noise just below the house, and going down toward her, there stood Mr. Coyote at a new trick, which I was curious enough to notice, as long as it was safe for our costly pigs. The cunning rascal would, with great apparent earnestness, advance towards the sow, as though he intended to catch her, which she would resent by bounding at him with open mouth ; and for some twenty yards, on a run, she would seem just ready to grab and tear him to pieces, when, all at once, he would bound back at full speed, leaving the infuriated mother in the midst of her folly, and his chase for a pig would be very spirited till she came up again. A shot, however/from " old yager," convinced him that lead was good for paying off the score, and he settled his final account in quick time. "I might mention, too, that one day, during the absence of my wife, spoken of above, a young man rode up to my house, in great haste, and exclaiming, "Get your gun, and come down to the big tree below," hurriedly rode off. I left my cup of coffee, and, following the man, found a black bear, panting, on the first big branch of With Some Historical Events. 211 the big tree, but a short distance from my house. It was the work of but a few minute* to make him ac quainted with my " old yager ; " and he proved to be most delightfully fat, as fine a piece of meat as ever was dressed by a hunter. The young man was not acquainted with bear, and did not exactly know what the creature was. He found him crossing the Petaluma plain, going towards the Sonoma Mountains, and ran him with his horse till the bear felt it prudent to climb. " My experience in many a backwood's adventure had made me pretty thoroughly conversant with the animal, and I picked him out at the first shot." Well, the important thing to every one in seeking a new home, is not only to get a pleasant place, nicely located, and with pleasant surroundings, but to try and see that the title itself is good. The old saying has truth in it, " A home is a good thing if it is ever so homely, if only it is your own home." The two young . men I bought of, said they thought the place to be Government land, and others, that it was on General Vallejo's Petaluma Grant. The General was then living over in the Sonoma Valley. So I rode over, and found him at home, described to him the place where I was located, and told him my purpose was to secure a home to stay on, and so if the place was on his grant to try and make the arrangement to secure the title ; that I was an old, worn-out Methodist preacher, and with a young family, which I wished to raise and provide for. And just here Gen. M. G. Vallejo won my esteem, which events and times since have only brightened and greatly strengthened. Said the General, giving me his hand again, * We 212 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; welcome you to California, with your family ; you are the kind of men we want, families come to stay, to make their homes, and to cultivate our beautiful lands. God made this beautiful country for people to live in." " I know," said he, " the place where you have stopped, and I do not know whether it is on my grant or not, when the land is surveyed, then we shall know. I appreciate your efforts in trying to instruct and benefit mankind, and especially your efforts among the Indian tribes, as you. have informed me. Now you go right on where you are, if that place suits you ; make your improvements, make them good, and feel yourself at home." Striking his breast with his hand, and then with the index finger touching his great forehead, he said, *' I tell you to-day, if that place proves to be mine when surveyed, you shall have a home, and it will not matter about your money, whether it is much or little." I believed the General, I believed every word he told me; and you, children, will say I was right, when I tell you, directly, just how this whole matter came out. Soon after this, I received a letter from General Val- lejo, written in Spanish, simply recounting and confirm ing what he had said to me in our interview. I am sorry I have lost this letter, for I should give it to you in this sketch if I had it. We remained on that place about nine years; and until we had bearing fruit trees, and vines, and the greater portion of 160 acres fenced with good material, gotten out and hauled some fifteen or twenty miles from the redwood forests. All this time unsettled land titles were causing much trouble and anxiety over most of the State. In the meantime, a sprightly man, but a short time With Some Historical Events. 213 from Salt Lake, headed what was termed a Settlers' League, the professed object of which was to guard against impo sition from land claimants, and to guard the rights of honest settlers. Finally General Vallejo's Petaluma Grant was surveyed and the lines declared settled. The General himself, about this time being called off for a time by the death of a brother, leaving his land business in charge of his lawyer, this lawyer, of course having the legal power of attorney to sell land. And so, before I knew any thing about it, my place was sold, the man buying it not even letting me know of his wish to buy it. This pur chaser immediately brought suit to eject me; and also for the sum of $3,000 damage to the land which damage could only be construed to be, and embrace all the valuable improvements I had put on the land, then including a nice little vineyard and orchard, bearing fruit. General Vallejo's lawyer, who had sold my place, was acting as attorney for his purchaser in the suit against me. When the astonishing word came to me, that my place was sold over my head, and I sued for heavy dam ages, instead of a shock, I felt at once a sweet calm come over my spirit, and the force and working of the blessed truth as I think I had never so realized before: "We know that all things work together for good to them that love God." So I just went on in perfect peace and hope, and when summoned to court I attended, securing an able lawyer, a man himself a lover of justice, and firm and sincere in his love and devotion to God, Hon. D. O. Shattuck. In the meantime, General Vallejo returned and was again in his business office in San Francisco, and sent for me to come at once down to see him. And so I went, and found the General seemingly in his usual 214 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; pleasant mood, and with a most expressive smile and a few rather jocular remarks, he introduced our land mat ter saying: "Well Mr. O. has bought your place over your head, I am told, and without notice either to me or you. But," said the General, " this is about the way things are going now all for self. My lawyer knew very well I did not wish your place sold in any such way; and as for Mr. O., nothing better might be expected of him, as he was long in league with Joe Smith and Brigham Young, and they were in league with the devil. Mr. O. too, was the head of the Settlers' League, sworn, of course, to guard and protect all the rights of you settlers, which in his case meant take care of self and let the devil take the balance." " Now," said General Vallejo, "you may think I am just like the rest, ready to sacrifice my wor/1 and honor for a little money or land all /or self. But I will con vince you this is not the case; M. G. Vallejo is not that, kind of a man, and does not intend to be." "I remember all I told you," said the General, "and all I wrote you. And now I want you to say just what will make you safe and whole in this matter." "Well/' said I, "as I told you the first time we met, all I wish is a home here, where I can live and take care of my family; a home which is within the reach of my means, which I can get and have a good title." "Land," said the General, "is plenty. God made it for us, and I have plenty of it yet. You just say where you wish a home. There is a tract of 320 acres near you, a fine place, too, nicely watered. A place I had intended for one of my boys. If that place will suit you, and make you safe, you go to your attorney, and With Some Historical Events. 215 have him make you out a deed for that land, anc! bring it to me." I went, had the lawyer fill out the deed properly, and returned with it to General Vallejo. He read it over, then added "all right; you come with me," and entering with him a Notary's office, he acknowledged it his act, and subscribed his signature, and paid all fees. Then turning to -me he said: "Here, this secures you a home, which these pledged friends of yours cannot disturb." I of course thanked the General with all my heart And now, for more than twenty years since, I have found General Vallejo just the same, candid, open-hearted, just and honest man I found him on my first reaching Cali fornia, thirty years ago. On the homestead he gave me, I still have a most lovely little home, and which I expect to enjoy, with God's blessing, until, as I humbly trust, I shall be called to enter that building of God "an house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens." And may General Vallejo and I be near enough in the new country and the eternal habitation, to often hold a com munion season together. Amen. CHAPTER XXVI. Home Matters Settled Began My Temperance Work Among the Chil dren Constitution and Odes The Work Commended Blessed Helps Now at Work The Good Woman Dr. R. H. McDonald. DEAR children: In this chapter I have the pleasure to inform you that while I got our new home by the memorable kindness of Gen. M. G. Vallejo, I did not lose all that 1 had done on the place that was bought over my head by Mr. O. On returning with my deed 2l6 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; for the new place, which Mr. O. did not know I had as yet, I offered to sell him my claim on the old place at a reasonable price. This he refused. I then offered to leave it to three good men he choosing- one, I another, and these two a third. This, too, he then refused, saying he could soon law me off, and make me pay the dam ages. Well, I told him I had rights in the place, both in law and equity, having settled it, and made my improv- ments in good faith, and so it might cost him even many years to drive me off without some just compensation. So he went on with his ejectment-damage suit against me in court, but with poor success, so much so that his lawyer advised him to take my proposition, at once, and just leave it to good men. This Mr. O. then agreed to do ; and a good board of arbitrators? were selected, and we both signed a bond to abide their decision. This board decided, (i) that Mr. O. should withdraw his suit in court against me, and pay all the costs himself; (2) that I should take everything off the place that I had put on it that I chose to take off, even the trees and vines ; (3) that at a certain future date giving good time for me to get off my improvements I should give to Mr. O. my simple quit-claim deed of the land, on his paying me, at said date, a stated sum in United States gold coin. So the thing was settled, and the work of moving off my improvements onto the new place was done in the time allowed. The whole thing turned out just about as my first calm impression had indicated to my spirit ; and I had for my new home just twice the amount of land, and an undisputed title, and nearer to market, and every way more sightly and convenient, and, of course, I was more than ever confirmed in the truth of the good old doctrine that u Honesty is the best policy." With Some Historical Events. '217 There was nothing now left to be done in the matter, only for Mr. O. to make his acknowledgment, and for me to forgive. This forgiveness^ I have long since arranged in my heart. My part done, Mr. O.'s acknowledgment has not yet come to hand. But we have since lived friends, as far as the circumstances could possibly allow. I am sure I can hope that Mr. O. may succeed in secur ing a good and pleasant home when called over into the other new country, as at this writing he and I are still journeying on in sight of each other, the old Jordan now in sight of us both. After getting a little along with my hard work and my improvements, and my health being now good again, I felt the impression return that I should try and yet do something publicly for the moral improvement of the people. Some of my good brethren of the ministry asked me to engage again in the regular, itinerant work in California ; and on this I thought, and asked for light ; and my conclusion was that under all the circumstances this would not be really the best My age and family, and the old fact of being a little below the present need ful grade in education though really no fault of mine altogether I felt this was not now my duty. But soon I did see the thing I should do, and my way perfectly clear and plain ; namely, to go out and talk, and work, and be a proper [example among the children and youth. Among these I had all my life felt at home, and well knew this point to be, of all others, the available one in doing good, immediately and pros- pectively, for the masses of the people. I saw, too, the dreadful moral dwarfage, sin, and shame prevailing almost everywhere, induced by vicious habits begun among the children by the practice and example of 21 8 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; those who should know better, and act otherwise, the poisonous, filthy use of tobacco, drunkenness, and profan ity, with all their legitimate train of sin and misery. My light at this point was clear, and my duty plain, and I arranged to commence my work at Petaluma, my own home town. Then, as the way opened, I kept on traveling and working, until I traveled over much of the State, getting encouragement from many of the people, but occasionally jeers and opposition from those from whom this should have been least. expected even from those (improperly) called " followers of Christ," professed ministers of the pure gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God ; some of these then assuming to be " ministers in holy things," being so utterly filthy in body, from years of incessant concretions from the filthy tobacco weed, that had they chanced to die and be exposed in the open plains, where the ravenous coyotes then roamed, even these voracious wolves would have passed them by with contempt, as being utterly unfit in poison and filth for even the stomachs of these hungry animals. Well, I prepared for this work, and had really good success in it, considering all our disadvantages. Many hundreds of the children and youth, boys and girls, went heartily into it with me. Many of these, too, have faithfully lived our principles. And quite a number are gone, at the Heavenly Father's call, to increase the number of the "great multitude, which no man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and tongues, clothed with white robes, and palms in their hands," constituting the glorious kingdom, of which the blessed Saviour himself spoke, when he said : " Suffer little children to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of God." With Some Historical Events. 219 I had a little book published containing our little constitution, by-laws, pledge, and rules. Then I got up a nice lithograph diploma, and a beautiful seal. I also penned and published a number of little odes and speeches for the children, a few of which I will insert in this sketch ; and also a few of the encouraging little things said by some good friends in the time of our early struggle in this good work. Here follows the constitution and the pledge, clipped from the first edition of our little book, also a few odes and little speeches : CONSTITUTION OF THK CALIFORNIA YOUTH'S ASSOCIATION, ORGANIZED NOVEMBER, 1859. Article i. This Association shall be known as the California Youth'* Association. Article 2. The object of this Association is, to permanently secure to all the people in the future, the blessings of temperance and cleanliness, by embodying the children under a sacred and voluntary pledge of honor, to abstain from the use of all intoxicating drinks, as a beverage, and from the use of tobacco. Article j. The members of this Association recognize, as important items of duty, the following : 1st. The fear of the Lord, as "the beginning of wisdom." 2d. Obedience to parents as accompanied by a most encouraging promise. 3d. Cleanliness, as indicated by all the operations and exhibitions of nature. 4th. Industry, as tending in itself to sobriety and health, contentment and wealth. 5th. The use of chaste and correct language as opposed to all vulgarity and profanity. 6th. The accomplishment of all the good within their power, under the promptings of love as having the fullest assurance that "Charity never feileth." 220 The Life of Lorenzo Waugk; Article 4. There shall be at least one Traveling Lecturer of this Asso ciation, who shall be endorsed by the Grand Division of the Sons of Tem perance, and who shall make minute reports, through that body, of all the facts of interest in relation to this Association ; and who shall exercise a general oversight of all the branches, call meetings, appoint annual festi vals, and in every possible way advance the interests of the Association. Article j. The only initiating formula shall be, attaching the name to the Constitution, and the payment of twenty-five cents ; and fifty cents additional may be paid annually, if needed, to sustain the Traveling Lecturer. Article 6. There shall be kept in each branch a department of record, male and female, in which to preserve the names of friends who may make voluntary contributions to aid the children in supporting the Traveling Lecturer ; and for all sums thus contributed the children will tender a vote of thanks ; and the amount will always be placed opposite the name of the donor. Article 7. There shall be elected in each branch annually, two Secre taries, and two Treasurers two girls and two boys. The duties of the Secretaries shall be, to take charge of the books, correspond with the Lecturer, etc.; the boys having charge of the male department, and the girls of the female department. The duties of the Treasurers shall be, to receive and disburse the funds under the Constitution, always taking receipts ; and at every meeting the condition of each department shall be announced. Each officer may choose his own assistant, without respect to age. Article 8. All the business of the Association shall be conducted on the simple score of honor, and under the usual parliamentary regulations of deliberative bodies. Artiele 9. There will be kept a department of record, male and female, in which every member may have placed the names of adult persons whom they may get to practically indorse the principles of this Association. And it shall be the dnty of the Traveling Lecturer, at the annual festivals, to see that a reward be publicly bestowed on every member who, for the past year, has been faithful in the observance and spread of all the prin ciples of the Association. PLEDGE: I do hereby voluntarily pledge my honor that I will abstain from the us of all intoxicating drinks, as a beverage, and also from the use of tobacco. With Some Historical Events. 22 f ODES. OUR PRINCIPLES. [L. M.] The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. SOLOMON." We'll fear the Lord, the holy One, Who made the earth, the stars, the sun, His name is holy. "God is love," He rules below, he reigns above. The mountains high his praise proclaim, The ocean's voice is, fear his name ; The rain-drops, as they countless fall, Say, "Children, see, God loves you all." The earth in beauteous, waving green, Says, " Children, see, here God is seen." And ripening fruits, and fields of grain Say, " God is love," in language plain. The blossoms as they greet the breeze, Say, "Children, see, God loves to please," And dew-drops, smiling in the light. To children say, " Be pure, do right." And gurgling streams of water clear, O, what say they ? Be still and hear : "We're old as life ; we're Adam's ale, Without us, life itself would fail." The Lord is good ; his name we'll fear, And love him more each fleeting year ; And when from earth we're called away, With him we'll live in endless day, L, WAUQH. OUR BOW IN THE CLOUJX 222 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; OBEDIENCE TO PARENTS. [C. M.] "Honor thy father and thy mother." (Matt, isth chapter, *th ver**.) Our parents dear we will obey, And heed th' advice they give; We'll strive to please them every day, And gladly with them live. Our parents, yes, we will obey, There's none to us so dear; They've cared for us both night and day There's none to us so near. When infants in their arms we lay, And fed upon the breast, They prayed for us all parents pray Their children may be blessed. Our parents, yes ! They love indeed, They'd risk for us their life ; Could we then cause their hearts to bleed? By ways unkind and strife. Our parents, no, we'll not distress, Nor cause them pain or fear. We hope to live their age to bless- In death, their hearts to cheer. Our parents, yes, we hope to see, And live with them in love, Beyond death's rough and turbid sea In brighter worlds above. INDUSTRY. [L. M.] Industry is of God designed, (A rule as old as life and time) And for the body and the mind, Is needful all, in every clime. All nature, in its healthful state, Is found in motion on this rule ; The little streams the ocean great, The sporting winds the waving pool With Some Historical Events. 223 The worms of earth the birds of air, The tribes of fish the insect race, The beasts unnumbered, everywhere, Industry is their living grace. And shall not we this law obey, And active in our spirit's might, Go out in science every way, And truth explore and love and light* O, yes ! our being must improve \ Creation is a vast expanse; It has its seas of perfect love, 'Tis varied all, and not by chance! Its maker is the God above, He is the source of life and light ; He is himself the fount of love, His works, how great ! and all are right J L. WAUCUK, FRANK'S SPEECH. Dear ladies all and gentlemen, The temperance cause I advocate; I'm four years old, you'll hear me then, While now my views I briefly state, Andyfrj/, I'll say tobacco's use Is anti- temperance every way; It is of nature sad abuse, It's filthy, oh! too bad to say! And secondly -, the whisky trade Is worse than war in every land ; Our brightest hopes beneath it fade, And love and peace all blighted stand. And thirdly, friends, I'll state to you How temperance may triumphant be; And how we may those foes subdue, And all be happy, brave and free. Tobacco let the worms subdue, And children, all, drink water clear; Oh then shall earth rejoice anew. And angels shout a holy cheer ! L, WACOM, 224 The Life of Lorenzo Waiigh; WILLIE'S SPEECH. Once with my father, long ago, In old Virginia State, When in the field to plow and hoe, We found a monster great It was a snake an awful snake J A rattlesnake ! O, la ! Its head was fiat, its tail did shake, And such teeth you never saw ! My father caught him with some sticks, Then with tobacco juice He fill'd his mouth, to see what tricks His snakeship would produce. And would you think, they let him go! And tricks, I guess he did : He roll'd and heaved, and tried to blow, And then was stiff and dead ! My father is a man, thinks I, For he tobacco takes ; He smokes and chews, and yet don't die, But still it kills the snakes. L. WAOOH. Dear Children, I have only room now to give you the sentiments of a few of those who are your true friends. All the good are your friends. Rev. Dr. Peck says : "Children of California, attend to Father Waugh's advice, and never use tobacco, intoxi cating liquor, or profane language." " DEAR CHILDREN : You have heard of Father Waugh. He is your friend. He has seen a great many children, and finds some in every neighborhood, fond of little snakes, taking them up, and keeping them secretly in their bosoms, without letting their parents know about it. Here the serpents grow, and when they are found out they are very fierce, so that nobody can take them away, and sometimes they get so ravenous With Some Historical Events. 22$ they eat nearly all the food, which the man needs for himself, and then he dies an awful death. It is called Delirium Tretnens. These bright, lively little snakes are alcohol and tobacco. The first is the deadly one, but they generally go together; where one crawls the other follows, and then they coil and hiss each other. Father Waugh has something which kills them both sure to do so with children and youth. Youth is the time when they get into their nestling place. Welcome him everywhere, children. Yours, affectionately, E. S. LACY." "FATHER WAUGH: I am glad to learn you are still progressing in your good work with the children. It is certainly the only sure way to check the great evils of intemperance. Your efforts in this direction meet my most hearty approbation. Having been for years a teacher of the youth, I can fully appreciate the great benefits of your labors, and sympathize with you in ail the difficulties and anxieties which you necessarily meet in the discharge of your arduous duties. If you can, please visit Nevada Territory and spread your good work among us, it would no doubt be attended with much good. We have children here, as elsewhere, exposed to the evils of intemperance. Come over with your good work and help us. E. A. SCOTT. Supt. Pub. Instruction, Humboldt County, Nevada, SAN FRANCISCO, April 6, 1863. "FATHER WAUGH Dear Sir : The formatign of good habits is as much a part of the education of youth as the cultivation of the intellectual faculties. God speed you in your efforts to educate the children of 226 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; California to habits which shall make them useful mem bers of society. There is a great and pressing need of earnest action in the field of labor which you have chosen. May your success be commensurate with your labors, and with your most sanguine hopes. "Yours cordially, JOHN S\VETT, Supt. Pub. Instruction" M I most cheerfully indorse the above note of Mr. Swett. D. B. CHENEY." "SAN FRANCISCO, April 6, 1863. " It gives me great pleasure to commend the words and labors of Father Waugh to the children of Califor nia, and to ask them to heed his advice and warning concerning drunkenness, profanity, and the use of tobacco. Nobody would buy a ticket in a lottery that offered no prizes. Let the children remember that while myriads have been ruined, no person was ever made wiser, nobler or more eminent by chewing, drinking, and irreverence. TH. STARR KING." "DEAR CHILDREN OF CALIFORNIA: With all my heart I can recommend you to adopt and faithfully live the principles recommended in the work of Father Waugh. Yes, dear youth, never learn the habit of using intoxicating liquors, tobacco and profanity. F. E. R. WHITNEY." This is "FRANK WHITNEY," children, our Dashaway friend. L. W. " CHILDREN : Liquor, tobacco, and profanity are a three-horse team that will carry you to destruction. Jump into Father XVaugh's wagon, and you can have a safe and pleasant journey through life, and at the end reach a joyful home. Your friend, H. GIBBONS." //'/'/// Some Historical I '.-rents. 22' "Om.DRKN : The Upas Trees of the world are rum and tobacco : touch not, taste not, handle not their fruit. Hitherto, reformers have been content to cut off some of their branches, or simply t<> girdle the trees; but Father Waugh lays tin- axe- to their roots, (iod grant that he may tear up every root and fibre of them! If the children are saved, there will be no need of societies to reform the old. This little book is the leaven for the temperance world. I hope, children, it will have your prayers for its success, and your hearts and arms for its defense. W. J. MACLAY." TIIK BAND OF HOPE Is since in successful operation in this good work, for the accomplishment of the same blessed object, namely, the salvation of the youth. 1 can say in truth, I traveled and worked in this training" association all that was in my power to do, and until 1 was necessarily compelled to leave off to attend to rny home affairs. And my heart is as ever to-day deeply enlisted in this work with the dear children and youth, though fully realizing that it will be impossible for me to attempt to do much 228 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; more in it. But I am greatly cheered that there is a powerful interest awakened in this direction, and that many of our best women and men are now working for the reformation of our race directly by the care, instruc tion, and rightful training of our children. Our noble W. C. T. Union, and indeed, all our temper ance and reformatory orders, are now more than ever awake, and effectively at work at this all-important point. And this, in time, will be followed by effective legislation, as I have not now the least doubt legislative prohibition that will prohibit in the habitual use of all intoxicating drinks as I am now fully convinced that nothing'short of this will ever remedy the terrible evil of strong drink. The noble stand taken at this point by Dr. R. H. McDonald, of San Francisco, I wish, for one, to say, should entitle him to the esteem of every lover of God and of our common humanity, as standing in the front rank of all our noble patriots and true philanthropists. His timely and telling expose of "the twin evils, tobacco and strong drinks," with the " prize essays " elicited from the children in our schools on these evils, are destined in the near future to have a blessed effect in righting up, and purifying, with God's blessing, our demoralized, degraded condition in human society under the miserable reign of these twin evils, and the consequent association of all the other evils with them. Those institutions of learning on the other hand, where the reign of these evils is tolerated and indulged, will, in the final issue, be a curse rather than a blessing in human society, inspiring, as indulgence in these evils everywhere does, illicit liberty, deranged, inordinate pas sions, and even infidel bombast and opposition to God, and to all law, human and divine. It does not matter With Some Historical Events. 229 how well institutions of learning may be professored and chaired, if these "twin evils" are allowed their control, society will in the end be the loser. For if we have to have savages, we had as well, or better, have them in ignorance. Educated savages are the more dangerous, and of late we have been having them, until law itself has almost seemed a farce. The pulpits, university, college, and common school chairs, occupied with men who are under the control of these "twin evils," should be vacated at once, under the force of moral indignation for all such public men stand as public-pest waymarks, pointing the unwary youth into the wrong road the broad way, leading down through worthlessness and shame to ruin, as the end. The small-pox pest-smitten Chinaman, lying at the crossings of our great public thoroughfares, should no sooner be removed than those above-named morally, physically diseased men, pointing, as they do, with singular force and emphasis to the youth, to take this road to shame and ruin. Oh, I am grieved beyond power to express it, to see a professed gospel- preacher or school-teacher foul with tobacco, and drink ing strong drinks the one or the other, or both together. Surely no Christian church should encourage a tobacco- using, tippling preacher, and no school board should ever employ such and put them in charge of our dear children and youth. Dear children, as I feel sure you have no truer, kinder friend on this Pacific Coast than Dr. R. H. McDonald, I take great pleasure in giving you here a sketch of his face. He is president of the Pacific Bank, and resides in San Francisco. The Life of Lorenzo WaugJi; With Some Historical Events. 231 CHAPTER XXVII. A Hunt Near Suisun Two Fine Elk Killed Again Another Fine Buck Elk Bear and Bear-Hunting The Cinnamon More Desperate than the Grizzly Tom Trosper in a Desperate Bear- Fight Dr. Jenner Shoots and kills a Wounded Cinnamon. DEAR children, I promised you a little sketch of some of our game, and hunting excursions in California, and I must now attend to this, as I would not have you disappointed, and as all children are fond of hearing true accounts of camping, hunting, fishing, etc. The first hunting I did in California was during the month I stopped in camp in the Suisun Valley. At that time (1852) the elk were still plenty, so with a couple of friends, our small wagon, and hunting ponies, we drove some eight or ten mites through the plain, and over some rolling hills, and camped at a nice spring of water in sight of the Sacramento River. The wild oats being breast high, and there being nothing in this range but the wild game, the elk, then, most of the day kept themselves on the lowlands, and in the high rushes near the river, but coming out in the afternoon to feed on the oats and clover. So, after resting in camp awhile, we all struck out for the afternoon hunt. I rode on my pony alone up to the hill, there to look out for my game; and looking off down towards the river, I saw a large buck elk, with a tremendous head of horns, coming slowly out on his well-beaten trail. So I rode back over a little hill and tied my pony to the high oats, there being no trees or bushes near. Then, gun in hand, came back, keeping down in the oats until I could again sight my old buck, which was then coming leisurely up his trail. So, I took my position about sixty yards off from the The Life of Lorenzo }\'(iugh; trail, and when the elk came opposite I gave a whistle, and he stopped, and there he stood in all his grand propor tions the largest game I had ever encountered, only the buffalo on the plains. But I was able to take my aim with direct precision, not feeling a move of the dreaded " buck-ague," with which young and excitable hunters are often taken on the sudden approach of game, and thereby losing the chance for meat. This being my first elk, I had all to learn. But just at the proper moment I fired my faithful old yager, with its ounce ball, striking the buck directly through the heart as I afterwards found to be the case. But in place of a des perate leap, as a deer would do, this old elk stood per fectly still, seemingly looking around to see where the report came from. Then, turning around, he started, as though he intended walking back the way he came, but in a few minutes he fell dead, and there he lay in all his beautiful proportions- -a lovely piece of fresh meat - weighing. 1 should say, about 600 pounds. My comrades soon came around, and before dark we had him safely hauled with our team into camp this being strictly With Some Historical Events. 233 necessary, for had we left him out until next morning, the wolves would have made mince-meat of him. So we had a fine supper, and then a good night's rest; and the next morning one of the other hunters picked him a fine young elk out of a band feeding in sight of our camp, and we had all the meat we wished for the hunt, and so returned the same day, leaving elk still in sight, feeding on the range. Years after this, when up in the mountains between Russian River and Clear Lake, I killed another very large, fat buck elk. This time I also had two men with me. As we were going down into a beautiful little val ley, where I knew of a fine spring of water where we intended camping for the hunt, just as we got in sight of the spring we saw four large buck elk making ofT up the opposite hill, having been down for water. The men said the elk were too far off for our rifles to reach them. I told them that with my gun I could hit one; then ranging high and making the needed allowance by the eye's measurement, which I had long practiced, the first shot I struck one of the largest, breaking its thigh, so it being fat and heavy and going up hill, went but a few steps until it lay down in our sight. So then, leaving my pony with the boys, I went up the hill till I got around above it, having told the boys to wait and watch and I would drive it back down into the valley, and this I had no trouble in doing as he came on down, going directly to the spring, where, under a fine shading oak, I shot him down. So we had our large, fat elk exactly at the spot where we were to camp on nice ground to dress and take care of the meat. We found the elk exceedingly fat, and we "jerked " it all nicely that is, we sliced it up, salting it a little 234 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; then putting it on clean sticks, and on a scaffold with a little fire to keep off the flies, we dried it nicely in the siin. Then adding some fat deer, we had all the meat we could bring home on our pack animals; and no marrow-bones ever brought into the hunter's camp can at all equal those of the fat elk marrow, as white as snow, and as rich and delicious as any luxury could possibly be. I have had other interesting elk-shooting since that time in California, but cannot detain to give you here further details, as I must give you a little sketch of our' Sear and bear-hunting in California. There are here some four kinds of bear, namely, the r>ld- fashioned black bear, the small dark brown chemissal bear, the cinnamon bear, and the far-famed grizzly- bear the two latter being much the same in size when fully grown and my judgment is, with my experience among the bear, that if any odds the cinnamon bear, With Some Historical Events. 235 taken all in all, is really the more dangerous bear to mankind of the two. And just here I will give you a few cases which I know to be true, and you will see by these the truth of the statement just made. Just over the Sonoma Mountain from my place, I think it was in 185o, a gentleman coining around the mountain on a rainy afternoon, and seeing jijst above him a large cinnamon bear, he drew down his rifle intend ing to give it a dead .shot, but his gun having become wet, would not fire. The bear by this time was coming in angry haste for him, so he made an effort to climb into a tree near which he was, and he did get up a little and hold of a limb; but the bear by this time was there, and making a reach for him, and with both his fore paws and great nails, it tore him down from the tree on to the ground. He said afterwards that the bear would have pulled his arms oft' from his body if he could have held on strong enough to the tree. Then the bear chewed and mashed him until it thought him dead, then walked oft' a little distance and sat, down, but seeing him move, returned and mashed another shoulder, and then left. This being the custom of all bears, as far as I know, to retire awhile after killing their game and returning again to enjoy their feast. This poor man lay for a time almost as a dead man, but again revived, and dragged himself down to his cabin, which was down a little below him, and strange to us all, he lingered along und finally did get around again, but crippled for life. After this, and no great distance from the same place, a Mr. Patten, then my neighbor, went off on a little hunt, having a friend with him, and camped in the mountains for the night. The next morning they started 236 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; out separately on the hunt Mr. Patten had gone but a short distance till he discovered a large cinnamon bear feeding on the clover, and a smaller bear feeding with it; and there being a point of timber near, Patten made for this timber so as to get near enough for a good shot without the bears seeing him. But just as he got to a tree nearest the bear, and from which he intended to shoot; looking out he saw the big bear had got the wind of him and was coming, evidently in a rage, for him. He watched for a moment until he could get a nice bead at a fatal spot, then pulling trigger at the proper time being cool and steady, for Mr. Patten was a brave man and could shoot -the gun would not fire. The bear being near, he threw down the gun and took up the tree those oak trees, many of them, having limbs down in reach of the ground, as was the case with this one. But the furious old cinnamon could reach the low limbs too, and so up he came after Patten, and soon was near enough to take hold of Patten's foot, which it did in terrible venom. Patten had on shoes, and the bear's great teeth struck in just below the ankle, then with a downward jerk it took the flesh of the heel and the shoe off together, and letting all holds go it fell to the ground, where, in a fury, it tore the shoe to pieces, then looking up at Patten still in the tree it again started for him. Then, as Mr. Patten told me himself, he thought his time had come, as he had no way to get out of the reach of the furious old cinnamon. He said his whole life seemed to spread itself before him in astonish ing detail, and even the condition of his family after he should be eaten up by the bear. And just as it got almost where it would take hold of him, he thought of his shot-pouch hanging around his neck, so in attempt- With Some Historical Events, 23? ing hastily to pull this off he pushed off his hat which fell on the bear's nose, and it snapped it into its mouth, and letting all holds go as at first, down it went to the ground. Then, with the hat still in its mouth, it walked off some sixty yards, laid down and tore and chewed the hat up. THE BEAR PI/RSUING MR. PATTEN. Then, after a time, it walked off, as though it was looking for its companion, which by this time had gone off out of sight. Mr. Patten said he came down from the tree in terrible agony, and weak from the loss of 238 The Life of Lortnxo Waugh; blood ; so weak that he should soon have fallen off from the tree anyway. His friend came, and Patten \va^ gotten to his home, where I visited him myself, getting all these particulars from his own mouth. He had a painful, lingering time, but finally got well again. One other case I must here give you of those cinna mon bears : Before I came to California I knew a boy by the name of Thomas Trosper, and who then, as a boy, was a noted marksman, an expert with a rifle. This young man I again met in California in early times, and " Tom," as we used to call him, was death on bear, and never known to show any fear, but usually got the biggest of them down if he ever went after them. A young friend of his came out from the city, full of bravery and spoiling for a bear-hunt, in which he might have the chance to exhibit his fearless bravery. So Tom took him out. Tom lived near where the bear lived. Fjnally Tom saw three cinnamon bear feed ing on a little clover-flat, and crawling to a favorable place, opened fire, and with his old muzzle-loading, long- trusted rifle, soon had the three all down, as though about dead, in the clover ; while the other brave hunter stood as in amazement and dread, simply looking on. So Tom, loading afresh, walked cautiously on down, keep ing his eye on the bear, the brave young hunter near his heels. Just, however, as Tom was getting almost to the big bear, intending to bleed him good with his large butcher-knife, which he always carried in his belt up jumped the bear. Tom raised his gun in an instant intending to give him the needed fatal shot ; but old cinnamon was a little too quick, and, with its great paw sent Tom's gun whirling some twenty feet down the hill, With Some Historical Events". 239 and, with no delay, took hold of Tom. But Tom, knowing now well that a square fight was on hand, and that death was to be the result of one if not of both of the parties, had his big knife at once in hand. The bear in its first grab had Tom's thigh full in its mouth, holding on and biting in desperate vengeance, intending, no doubt, to get hold soon in a more fatal spot. Tom, with telling force and quick dashes, was, in the meantime, feeling with his tried ojd butcher knife up TOM TROSPEK'S BEAR-FIUHT. through old cinnamon's bowels and stomach for her heart strings, and which, in but a little time, he accom plished, and old cinnamon opened her jaws and ran out her red, gory tongue, as her only remaining flag of truce, while Tom's big knife was still moving up through the center of her heart. So cinnamon and Tom lay side by side, cinnamon dead, and Tom bleeding and terribly exhausted, but yet the smiling victor Tom Trosper. Tom, after panting and 240 ' The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; resting a little, got up, and looking round for his brave young hunter, saw him, sure enough; there he stood on the ground, with his arms reaching up, and his hands gripping a small tree, which he, in his fright, had thought he climbed to escape the fury of the bear, his gun being dropped, loaded, on the ground. Tom looked at him a moment, and said : " Come off from there, you coward ; just see me how I am torn up and bleeding, when you could have used your gun and broke the bear's neck if you had not been such a coward." Tom Trosper got well, but will carry old cinnamon's well-defined marks with him to the grave. Now, these cases of attack by the bears, not in defense of their cubs, or being wounded, were by the cinnamon bear ; and, so far as I now remember, I have never heard of a grizzly bear thus attacking men. The grizzly bear, to defend her young cubs, will fight, and fight to the death. Grizzly bear, too, will fight if followed when wounded, and that without fear or favor. All prudent bear-hunters are very careful how they follow a bear when wounded. I have followed several wounded bear myself, even without the aid of dogs, and by care and much caution, shot them again, and secured them. Once I remember shooting a large cinnamon bear, its cub being with it ; the cub, at once, climbed up into the top of a tree near by, while the old wounded bear ran with fury into a dense thicket, and down into a deep gulch, biting the brush as she ran. Dr. Jenner and I then followed her with much caution, until we could hear her breathing and fussing just over a little ledge of rocks. The doctor then climbed noiselessly upon the rocks With Some Historical Events. 241 where he could see her, and, having a good repeating rifle, gave her some seven shots in rapid succession, and so, in quick time, she lay dead and harmless at our feet ; whereas, had we been rash and in a hurry, both our lives might have been in great danger, as, usually, the last thing a wounded bear does is to bite something in desperate vengeance, and if nothing else can be reached, their own foot has to receive the deathly bite. CHAPTER XXVIII. and California Lions Death on Stock Lions Shy, But Will Not Jump on a Hunter Might Jump on a Woman or Children I shot a Big Grizzly When Between Her and Her Cubs A Family Party A Lion in Camp A Snake in the Brush All Happy and Improved in Health. DEAR children, at first thought in hearing of our shooting and killing game, as new settlers in a new country, some of you may be disposed to charge us with being cruel. But you should not make this charge hastily. As to the elk and deer, and other animals and fowl good for food, the great Creator, our Heavenly Father, no doubt, in his love and wisdom, intended these to assist man in settling up and peopling the earth, as he directed that they should do at old Babel, as there, it is said, "From thence did the Lord scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth." The only wrong in securing this game would be in destroying or using it wastefully. This, of course, would be sin, and some new settlers in new countries have been, in this respect, egre gious sinners, and so needing sincere repentance and effective reformation, or to deserve punishment by God and man. 16 242 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; After I have told you further of the cruelty of the bear and the California lions, you will say that we did right in killing them, and in getting them driven further back, and off from the good lands so happily arranged by the great Creator to be the pleasant homes for his children the family of man. Having had much experience in frontier life, and from a boy the ready use of the gun, and being among the early settlers in California, on the valley lands, it would, of course, be expected that I should do my part in killing and driving back the dangerous wild beasts from our beautiful valley lands, and the near lovely mountain ranges. This was rightfully expected of me, and I did my share probably equal to any new settler in the country. And now I must give you a few of the facts showing the character of our bear and the California lions. Nearly all kinds of bear were dangerous to our stock; and in those early times they ranged down into all our valleys, and even on the beach of the Pacific Ocean. In the valleys they chased and often killed the stock ; and along the beach, they fed on the whale and other fish then often driven ashore. The power of a large bear on a living cow or ox was terrific and distressing. Once, when over near the coast, I saw a band of cattle seemingly in great excitement, and getting near, there I saw a full-grown cow running along with the others, and the hide torn loose on the top and sides of the shoulders, and pulled back near the loins, the upper part of the body being literally skinned off. The old grizzly bear had got hold at the place where the hide was torn loose, and tearing it thus back, then mak- in r r a grab for a better hold the cow in the meantime With. Some Historical Events. 243 in a desperate effort escaping, but so left as to die if not re-captured by the bear and killed. Often in those early days, fine, valuable cows would be found dead and partly eaten up on the spot where they were attacked by these grizzly bear. I have seen horses, too, which had been terribly torn by the bear. The California lions were then plenty, and ready in their sly way to do a full share in annoying, killing, and eating such stock as they took a liking to colts, calves, pigs, and good mutton, as soon as it came around. These lions are really strong and powerful, and very active, but they are exceedingly sly. Their plan is never to have an open fight in any case, if they can avoid it, but they seem to enjoy a sly leap on almost anything which they want to kill. It is my judgment, though, after years of observation, that these California lions are afraid to attack a man a hunter, in the woods and that they never will do this unless it may be to pro tect their young ones. There are some hunters, though, who are fully of the belief that these lions would readily attack and kill a lone woman or children, if found in their range, and I rather incline to this belief, too, though I do not know of the truth of it myself; but of the fact that they are afraid to jump on a hunter, I am well satisfied. Once, when alone in the mountains, I walked through a small flat of high grass, to look off in the near canyon below, thinking, when going there, that I might continue on and go down, but on looking, gave it up and turned, coming back on the track I had gone in, when up jumped a large California lion, in, I think, less than ten feet of where I had passed going in, and ran for his life fearing, as I have no doubt, that I had discov ered him, and was coming back to kill him. 1 have 244 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; often seen in the mountains where these lions have killed large deer, then carried them off quite a distance, ate their fill, and covered them nicely up for future use. There are many of these lions still in our California mountains; indeed, one was killed in the city limits of Petaluma during the last year. It had selected its hiding- place in a little grove of shrubbery planted by a gentle man, and was seen watching the children as they were passing. When Policeman Love went out to the spot for inspection, sure enough there was Mr. California Lion, instead of a big dog, as the children had thought him to be. So Mr. Love gave him the contents of his gun, and his hide is now stuffed, and on exhibition by the man of guns in the town. This will show you, children, the remarkably sly character of these lions, and at the same time their daring, adventurous nature. I once knew one of these lions to jump on a fine dog which was running deer, and so killed the dog instead of the deer. The good hunting-dog will soon run the lion up a tree, if he once gets him started, but the lion will kill the best hunting-dog if he can get a chance to jump slyly on him though even running after a fine deer. But, children, I have the pleasure to tell you that in all my exposure to these ravenous wild beasts, I have never had a bite or a scratch. At the time of my first seeing the grizzly bear, I was terribly afraid of them, simply from what I had heard of them. But in getting acquainted with them, and the best way to manage them, I quite enjoyed a bear-hunt, and felt no more alarm in shooting one than in shooting a buck. Since living in California I have shot and killed a number of grizzly bears, and some of all the other kinds of bears. There was one time, I am now sure, I was contingently in much With Some Historical Events. 245 danger of a terrible encounter with one of the most dan gerous grizzly bears of the mountains. I went with a company on a bear-hunt up on the Sul phur Creek, and made camp only a short distance from the now famous Geyser Springs. After resting in camp awhile, we struck off for the afternoon hunt, two and two in company, six of us in all. I had a young man with me from San Francisco one who really had no experience in hunting. In passing into a fine clover-flat on the side of the mountain, I saw at once the signs of a large bear, and I knew that it would come there in the afternoon to feed, if nothing alarmed it. So I selected a secluded spot where we could watch the clover, and sat down, and in a short time we saw a large grizzly bear coming leisurely down the main bear-trail into the clover, and there being a little rise in the ground the bear walked over this, and was then out of our sight. But I knew it would halt there, as the main clover-flat was on that side, so I told my young friend that he must keep close by me, so that he might even hear me whisper to him; and that when we got in sight of the bear he must not shoot, on the peril of our lives, until I shot and gave him the word but to have his gun ready. He said he would do so, and so we crept up in great care and there was the bear only some thirty yards from us, picking its mouth full of the yel low clover-blooms. In those days I could shoot that distance, off-hand, and readily hit an inch-square spot, so I steadily held and waited till the bear raised its head, in doing which, it seemed to see us, and my young hunter said that in an instant all of its hair stood straight out from its body. But at the moment its head got turned so that I could see the butt of its ear, I steadily 248 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; artist, and young Franklin, his brother. We have, too, Mrs. Mary Killinger, from Lebanon, Pennsylvania sis ter of Senator Hittell, and wife of Hon. J. \Y. Killinger, Member of Congress and the son, Charles H. Kil linger. Then, and by no means the least in importance, we have Lew Whitnal, our expert professional cook, versed in all that important science, so to be able to fur nish every French dish, and also the " turtle soup," which latter, by the way, we had on the trip, catching our own fresh turtles in Austin Creek. Well, all in readiness guns, ammunition, fishing- tackle, all and everything the first night out we camped on the beautiful timbered ridge over-looking Russian River. Supper over in good time, all were soon sound asleep in tent, as from the little extra exertion in starting, and the day's travel, to rest and sleep were delightful. Along in the night, the voice of Mrs. Hittell was heard : " The odore, Theodore, there is a California lion out there ; get your gun." " O," says the Senator, " never mind the lions, I am so sleepy." " You get your gun ; I tell you that lion will jump in here and take Katie." " O," says the Senator, " Lew is lying here next the door. If the lion comes in, it will take Lew." " No," said Mrs. Hittell, " it will not do that. Lew is old and tough, and Katie is young and tender. Get your gun, I tell you." Then by this time all were wide awake, and the idea of Lew being safe because he was old and tough con vulsed all into a roar of laughter Lew joining in most heartily. \ With Some Historical Events. 249 And so if Mr. Lion was there, he became disgusted with our disturbing roar of laughter and left, and we all were soon sleeping sweetly again, just as though there were no dangerous lions in the woods. We moved the next day beyond the Russian River } into the great redwood grove which then stood there, almost untouched by the cruel axe-men, covering the bottom and hill-side lands along the Austin Creek. Some, soon after stopping, were seen measuring around the base of some of those redwood trees, some of the trees requiring a twine over thirty feet to reach around, while Mrs. Killinger was seen lying on her back looking up, to try to see the top of the trees. And she after wards asserted that this was really the only way the top of the great redwood trees could be seen. On that after noon we reached our intended camping-ground, in good time arranging our tents, and enjoying a happy night's rest. In the morning, at break of day, Father Waugh was off for the first venison, intending to surprise the com pany before they were up. But in this he was disap pointed, for hearing him shoot, all had hurried up, and he, on getting in sight with a fine deer, saw all out wav ing and hieing giving him a hearty cheer. So Lew, in due time, invited the company to as fine a breakfast as any company ever enjoyed at the famous " Delmonico's." And now the sport and enjoyment fairly commenced. The Senator soon had his fishing-tackle full in order^ and was off up the creek ; and early in the afternoon came back with ninety-seven fine speckled trout. This, which much delighted and yet surprised the company, was no surprise to me, for I knew the Senator's ability among the mountain trout before this. 250 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; So when dinner came on, under Lew's extra skill, such eating was done as really surprised, indeed, rather alarmed, some of the new members of our com pany. But after this dinner all surprise and fears in that direction were laid aside, and every returning meal-t'me seemed only to have much increased the astonishing capacity of their stomachs. But Lew showed himself equal to the increasing emergencies, and the fine trout, venison, and grouse came still in ample quantities to supply all demands. All now were free and easy, all busy amidst the new scenery with which they were so delightfully surrounded. Katie quietly trips along with us over the hills, anx ious to see the game in its wild state. Then again she is seen wading in the water to see the fish. Charles Killinger is seen on an elevated place near our camp, making a stirring speech. Mrs. Hittell is intensely interested in the wonderful variety and great beauty of shrubs and flowers. So also is Mrs. Killinger. Her botanical likings and inquiries are wonderfully aroused and interested. She asserts that here, planted and cultured in nature, she finds plants which are admired and cultivated in Europe with the greatest care. All of a sudden, however, in her search among the bushes, Mrs. Killinger bounds back with a low scream, and Lew being nearest is at her side in a moment, and he sings out, "A snake! a rattle-snake !" And so, among hands, they soon convince the old serpent of the truth of the declaration in the old Bible, in speaking of the seed the descendants of Mother Eye" It shall bruise thy head." This big rattle-snake lay with this truth literally With Some Historical Events. 251 impressed on its big, flat head ; while Lew took off its rattles as a token of their victory. Mr. Denny and Johnny Wilson came on from 'Frisco and joined our company, and on the return was the time we had our turtle soup. Denny, especially, being active and long-legged, waded out into the water and captured the turtles. On the return all were in fine spirits and all enjoying improved health. Mrs. Killinger was especially delighted with her bo tanical discoveries. For her I took some strips of our tree hanging -moss two or three feet long, which she took to her beautiful home in Lebanon, Pennsylvania, where I since saw it, when there on a pleasant visit to her and all the kind family. On this visit, too, I learned how lasting those pleasant camping-out scenes are on the mind, as Mr. Killinger detailed with such freshness many of them to me, espe cially the laugh we had at our friend Lew, when he fell out of the wagon and rolled unhurt down the steep hill, landing in the deep water running along below, and coming out completely immersed ; greeted with a hearty laugh from all. CHAPTER XXIX. Gathering the Wild Berries Near the Sea Coast A Week tt the Warm Springs Another Trip Up to- Eel River and Sanhedrim Dr. Mclntosh as Esculapius Our Senator in a Buck Fight Among the Wild Bees On the Bay and Sea Coast Gathering Shells. ON another camp-out we have a portion of our same company as before Mrs. Hittell and Miss Katie, and young Franklin and this time Mrs. Waugh is with 252 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; us, with our spring wagon and span of gentle horses, our tent and all the needed camp-fixtures and provisions; and we are on the road leading from Ukiah to the sea- coast some fifty miles distant. This time we are out for health and to gather the wild berries so abundant this year along the coast and the streams near by. The immense timber forests we pass through are most charm ing oak, fir, pine and redwood. Then the great quantity and variety of the delicious wild berries is delightful beyond anything we are able here to portray. These berries we have in every variety of style for camp use, and besides all that the ladies wish to can up for future use. Our camp is in a most lovely place, and all around is fine shooting, plenty of birds and deer, and nice bathing in the beautiful stream, on the banks of which stands our tent, all ornamented with the lovely wild flowers in all their native beauty and fragrance. We spend the Fourth of July here, and Franklin's fire works in the evening are splendid, never in any place were fire-works more patriotically inspiring than these, as seen in the charming encampment. On leaving this camp we visit the Orr Hot Springs, on the head of Big River. Here we spend a week, and all are delighted with the grand scenery, and with the loveliness and healthfulness of the bathing. A month is spent, and all are safely home enjoying improved health, and spirits greatly refreshed on the delightful trip. Again, and with several of my old company our Sen ator and wife, and Katie and Carlos, our young artists. This time we have also the celebrated Dr. Robert Macin tosh, long a successful medical practitioner in San Fran cisco, now fairly set free in the mountains. It is refresh- With Some Historical Events. 253 ing to see him in the full enjoyment of his Scotch hilar ity in these mountains, or to see him float off in his free bath in the beautiful Eel River. A novice in seeing him in either place would readily suppose him to be the ver itable old Esculapius himself. Indeed a true picture of one of our dinner scenes upon the grand old Sanhedrim Mountain would be a lovely one to look upon in its reality. A beautiful repast is spread on the broad table- ground, with every expression of bounti fulness and rare taste in the cookery and adjustment. Two large bucks hang up in camp, only one of the large hams has been salted and interstriped with little cuttings of sweet bacon, then neatly wrapped in a clean, moistened flour-sack, then covered in the hot ashes and embers for four hours ; and is now laid out, finely cooked, ready for our Senator's carving-knife. Bouquets of beautiful flowers with their rich perfume grace our table, adjusted nicely by the hands of Mrs. Hittell and Katie. All seated, and thanks devoutedly tendered and the Heavenly Father's blessing invoked, all are helped, and such eating, and such rational free social pleasure is not to be conceived of anywhere only in such a group of happy campers. The doctor is especially noticeable, as in getting on his dish his last slice of delicious venison and one more mountain trout, he sings out, "O dear, now look at me!" his physical proportions being commanding ordinarily, but now really grand in extension. The doctor is not a gunner, but no one enjoys this glorious mountain scenery, and all the interesting camp incidents, more than he. To have you see just a little of the hunting sport, I must give you here a few of the actual incidents occur ring on our camp-outs. 254 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; On one afternoon, needing another buck in camp, the Senator, Carlos and I put out to get him. We look off down the side of the mountain, antf there in a beautiful grass plot stands feeding a fine old buck ; brush being- near the open grassy plot. So, as we need the meat, I consent to take the first shot; and at the crack of my rifle, down comes the buck, but evidently not entirely killed, as we see him gather up and hobble into the thick brush. But our Senator is off in a second, bounding for him. .Esci.'LAfirs A-~ MT. SANHEDRIM. "Oh, dear ! now look at me; take a quiet observation." After loading my gun, Carlos and I walk on down and nearing the place we hear a terrible tearing and smashing, down in the brush. Then, after a few minutes here comes the Senator, crawling out, terribly out of With Some. Historical Events. 255 breath and in a lather of perspiration, with his knife in one hand and a buck's horn in the other, and he exclaims : "That is a terrible buck, boys, and he is not yet killed. I had him, and cut him some, but his horn pulled off and he got away ; come on and help me hunt him up and get him." So we went on in, and sure enough the buck lay there dying, and his head fully half severed by the Senator's THE SENATOR AND THE BUCK. big knife. So we returned to camp with our fine buck, the Senator looking considerably the worse for the fight, but fortunately, not seriously bruised, and being all right the next morning. And now,' while I have our Senator before you, I must describe to you the scene of his killing his first buck. At that time, in this same mountain, we had Joel Vann with us. So Vann took the Senator to show him a buck, 256 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; and to have him kill it for himself. The Senator's gun was a first-class Winchester. So looking off down on the side of the mountain, Vann saw a large, old buck sanding, and said to the Senator: "There he is, take aim, and draw low; he is quite down below us, and you will overshoot if not careful," The Senator took aim, and very deliberately, for he was exceedingly cool for a young hunter; his gun snapped; "Revolve," said Vann, "try it again;" when bang went the gun, and down came the buck, and the next moment the Senator was seen bounding over the low brush, knife in hand, and had the buck by the horn and his throat cut clear back to the neck bone. Then he holloed out to Vann, who was coming down near, " Vann, see here, is he cut enough, is he safe now ?" The Senator, who had been perfectly cool all the time, was now quite excited, and the literal expression of exuberant joy. So we soon had a fine, fat buck in camp. While the Senator and Vann were on the buck-hunt, I found a rich bee-tree; so we had both venison and honey. The skin of this fine buck was taken down to the Senator's home, and for years might be seen as a reminder to us all of the pleasant time we had sharing with our Senator in the feast on his first buck, high up on the Sanhe.drim Mountain. Dear children, some time since I told you of the wonderfully abundant and beautiful blooms. and flowers in California, and that then, in early times, there were no honey-bees to enjoy them and gather in the honey. But now, I can tell you, that the honey bees are plenty. After they were brought here and With Some Historical Events. 257 sold at extra high prices, they increased rapidly. But instead of being satisfied with the nice hives pro vided for them by those who had purchased them, they chose, in many instances, to go off free and independ ent into the wooded hills, and mountains, and settle in the hollow trees, and in some instances in the rocks, there to thrive and increase, and so to build up great structures of choice honey-comb seeking just like the white people, only a little ahead of them, to claim up the new country, and so to utilize its forests of delightful blooms and oft-repeated showers of the delicious honey dews. Those bees which have thus run off are called wild bees, but as bees, they are the same as the tame bees, and among them are found all the varieties ever shipped into the State. But I think the little black Spanish bee is really the most successful in gathering honey, and then in protecting it from moths and other enemies. I have usually found these to be the richest in choice honey-comb. More than once I have gone out into the mountains and in a short time obtained four or five hundred pounds of choice wild honey, and brought it home for family use. My usual way of finding these bee-trees is to go to the watering-places and then course them for the trees as they always -water at a certain season. Often on our hunts and camp-outs we have found this wild honey a delightful treat in camp, and sometimes we have had a little fun in getting it. One instance I will here give you. We camped far out on the waters of Eel River, and on my morning hunt I saw a fine s warm of bees working 17 258 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; up in a large limb of a tree, so that it could be reached and chopped off without cutting down the main tree. So, when I reported, all hands were soon at the tree to get the honey. My son, Henry Clay, by the aid of an Indian ladder, was soon up to the proper place and with but a little chopping felled off the part of the tree con taining the bees and honey. Our women, in the mean time, had stopped under the shade, some eighty paces off, for safety, and our Senator was watching the move ment with intense interest -the whole being new to him then. So the moment the big limb struck the ground he vvas at it. But before he had any time for close observation, the swarming, maddened bees were touch ing him up spiritedly. His first idea was to frighten them off by quick dashes with his soft hunting hat. But this use of his hat left his bald head bare, which he and the bees both discovered at the same time, and our Senator broke ranks and ran with all possible speed without taking the time to calculate contingencies, to where the ladies were quietly waiting, and then there was another stampede. But finally all became quieted, and while the Senator bore signs of skilled shooting on the part of several of the bees, a fine turnout of good honey-comb, with the lively exercise we all had, and the new ideas gained, all were satisfied, and we had a splen did time over our new honey in camp, a nice addition to our venison, mountain trout and grouse. One item more of our camping out I must give you once over at the Pacific Ocean shore and up and dowr on the Tomales Bay, to fish, shoot geese, ducks, and pel licans, with occasionally a fine seal and sea-lion, if we chose to do so, and to enjoy our delicious dishes of fresh, rich clams, crabs, etc With Some Historical Events. 259 Some years ago, my friend L. Wiatt and I made us a canoe out of a great redwood tree, fitting it up with oars and sail, and an arrangement for carrying a large torch light, so that we could fish by night, and sail delightfully up and down the bay by day. At night, with a good light, we often speared many fine fish, and with our hooks and lines we often got all the fish we desired through the day. In this great canoe we often had a company of friends six or eight, with all our camping and cooking equippage; and so could choose our camping-places in the sheltered coves of the bay. One of our favorite camping-places lay near the mouth of the bay and con- 'venient to the great Shell Beach on the main ocean shore. Here our lady friends especially delighted to resort to gather up the beautiful shells, and to collect the charming sea-mosses to be found here in rich abund ance and of choice variety. Of the great beauty and variety of these shells and sea-plants and mosses, those who never go out on these excursions have no idea. I have seen ladies, my wife among them, become so interested and excited in the work of collecting that they would tire themselves out before they were aware, and you would see them lying prostrate on the beautiful sea-beach, gathering away still and looking for the more beautiful specimens they were yet intent on finding. While I never could get my wife to like a camp-out in the mountains, as many ladies would, yet she was always in for a trip to Shell Beach, or indeed any other part of the sea-coast where shells and moss were plenty ; and to see her fine shell-work after these trips, no one would wonder that she took pleasure in it 260 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; Many incidents occurred on these trips which would be interesting to you children, had I the time to detail them. In fishing- with our torch-light and spears, we often caught the large salmon, and frequently some spec imens of the shark family ; and also the great stingarees, the sea eagles, with a dangerous sting on the tail, and with their fine, flat, sectional ivory plates for mashing and eating the clams and other shell -fish. Some of our en counters with some of these were really very exciting. Dear children, in closing this chapter, I will tell you of the last bear I killed, and how I did it. About three years ago I went up to my favorite camp on the moun tain lying between Ukiah and Clear Lake, to enjoy my recreation alone in my Lion Valley camp. On my way out, Mr. William Hildreth said to me, " There is a ter rible bear out there, which seems to be proof against all our hunters and their dogs, and is dealing death on our sheep. Now, if you will kill it, you shall have a nice prize." Mr. Diddle, another man in the sheep business, said he would pack out a large steel trap for me. So when I got out to camp, I saw the signs of two bears, and several sheep which they had killed ; and you may be sure I felt moved in pity for the innocent sheep, and especially for the little lambs. I set my trap in a stream of water a little distance from my camp, having the water cover it all over. Then I shot a deer, and took the head and neck and tied these to a limb over the trap, and about as high as a big bear could reach when walking into the water on its hind feet. This plan of setting my trap proved a success, for in but a few days, on going to look, there was the old mother cinnamon fast in the trap, and as mad as you With Some Historical Events. 261 HUNTING THE GRIZZLY. 262 Tlie Life of Lorenzo Waugh; ever saw anything. So I shot her and took her hide and gall, the meat being too poor for use; and then set my trap just a^ I had done before. In a fe\v days I again heard the voice of a bear, and, hastening down to my trap, there, sure enough, was the male bear, and in a desperate rage. But when he saw me coming, he made for a beautiful laurel tree standing near ; and that you may understand the great strength of a bear, let me tell you that bear, with its hind foot in THK EvTRAPPED GRIZZLY the trap a heavy chain being attached, and that looped fast to a heavy pole of wood, the. whole weighing over fifty pounds that bear went tearing up the tree^ all this weight hanging to one hind foot, and then looked down disdainfully at me. But he was my meat, as I took him down by sending a rifle-ball through the center of his brain. And so the sheep had rest, and the little lambs could have their plays again free and happy. With Same Historical Events. 263 CHAPTER XXX. Talk to the Children All Must Be Taught; All Must Learn The Baby That Will Bite the Breast, Must Be Spanked, tooAdvice from Isaiah. St. Paul, and Solomon To Be Happy, All Must Love and Wor ship God. DEAR children, as I must soon end this sketch which I have been writing for you, I am feeling serious about some things which are soon to take place, and some things also which may or may not happen, just as you children shall choose. One thing is very sure. You children, if you live, are soon to be the old folks ; and so to have the whole management of all the human affairs of this world in your own hands. And the great question coming up in my mind, and about which I am mainly feeling serious, is this : Will you children be happy when we, the present old folks, are gone off into the next and coming world ? On this very serious and important matter I wish now to talk with you children a little ; and I feel sure you will give me your candid attention, as it will likely be among the last talks I may ever have the chance to give you and you and I have always been on good terms, good friends. And what I shall say to you is for the sole purpose of trying to help you to be good, and so to be happy when you are prosecuting the multitudinous duties and con cerns of life, and when you get to be old, as I now am. There is no doubt at all, children, but that God our great creator, our Father in Heaven, designed that we should all be happy. It is a blessed truth, too, that " God is love," and it is about the first truth we learn. We learn it before we can tell anybody about it. The little child sees this beautiful truth shining out on its mother's face the first time it 264 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; opens its eyes. And then, as the eyes and the mind practically develop, this blessed truth becomes more and more plain and clear, so that soon it is seen in other friendly faces, and in many beautiful things which begin to catch the sight and attract the mind of the loving little child. Even the cry of the little child speaks out plainly the truth that God is love, and that somehow the child knows it ; something is wanted, and this cry is the little child's appeal, with the abiding, yet inexpressible conviction that love is in hearing, and may afford the needed help. So the baby cries in faith, and these little, nutural cries command attention, and love's design and office is to heed and help. But, children, there is moretrutk besides the truth that God is love, and that love is always lovely. Prominent among the other truths is the truth that we are all, in the outset, without knowledge and entirely dependent ; so that we all have to learn what to do and how to do, and so we must submit to instruction from sources and agencies beyond ourselves. The baby that draws the sweet and nourishing milk from the mother's tender breast, if it gets mad and bites, has to be spanked, too. The kindest mothers have this sometimes to do, how ever dearly they love the little, spunky baby, boy or girl. Learning the baby thus in good time to mend its ways, it soon loves the mother more, and is improved in good conduct. A good little spanking is sometimes just as good and useful as a pint of rich milk, or as the sweetest sugar-teat. All the children have to be trained. God himself has laws, and all these laws, especially those intended for us, we are called on to learn and to obey, and without quibbling, fussing, or biting about it The good Heav- With Some Historical Events. 26$ enly Father, on his part, has done all things well for us, as he has for all his universe. This is a great truth, and I want all you children to look at it carefully, and to see it clearly while you are young. You can study it any where, and in every place, by night and by day, for all nature, all creation is full of sights and voices, of words and songs, all telling us that "God is love, and does all things well," and so he calls on us to love him, and to do those things which, as our wise, loving Heavenly Father, he has arranged for us to do on our part. And here comes in our work, our duties. But, dear children, this work of ours, these duties of ours, I dare not attempt here to write out, or particu larize, for if I should attempt it, I never would be able to finish my book. This work of ours, these duties of ours ? are so many and so various, that they really cannot all be minutely written with pen and ink, no more than that all the conditions and circumstances and peculiarities of the human race can be portrayed by the human artist. But, children, I feel sure you will be pleased to have me give you a little advice and counsel, even especially and particularly now in closing up my little sketch. And so I will do this with all my heart, and in all the love I feel for you, and for the honor and glory of God, our Heavenly Father. And now in doing this I shall first draw on some of the great and good men who have lived a long time ago, and who, at the time of speaking, had union and com munion with God, and all the history of the world proves their words to be true. Isaiah says, as you can read in the first chapter: " Wash you, make you clean ; put away the evil of your doings from before mine eyes ; cease to do evil ; learn to 266 TJie Life of Lorenzo Waugh; do well ; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow. Come now, and let us reason together, saith the Lord ; though your sins be as scarlet they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool. If ye be willing and obedient, ye shall eat the good of the land ; but if ye refuse and rebel, ye shall be devoured with the sword ; for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it." St. Paul, that good, learned, and great man, said : " Children, obey your parents in the Lord : for this is right. Honor thy father and mother (which is the first commandment with promise), that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest live long on the earth." This same St. Paul said to his Roman people, and so says to all of us children now : " I beseech you, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service." The wise Solomon says : " A soft answer turneth away wrath ; but grievous words stir up anger. The tongue of the wise useth knowledge aright ; but the mouth of fools poureth out foolishness." He also says : " Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging ; and whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise." Again he says : " The eye that mocketh at his father, and despiseth to obey his mother, the ravens of the val ley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it" And, dear young people, hear Solomon say : " Who hath woe ? Who hath sorrow? Who hath contentions? Who hath babbling ? Who hath wounds without cause? Who hath redness of eyes ? They that tarry long at the wine ; they that go to seek mixed wine. Look not thou upon the wine when it is red, when it giveth his color in __ With Some Historical Events. 267 the cup, when it moveth itself aright. At the last it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an adder." And so you will see, dear young people, by this state ment of Solomon, and others in connection with this, that those who give up to strong drinks soon become the subjects of other bad habits, lose their virtue, and become the betrayers of female purity, dangerous in society, and miserable in themselves. Solomon repre sents the young man thus given up to the reign of bad habits, as having made his bed in the sea, or upon the top of a mast. And oh, how many dear mothers to-day are trembling as they see their dear boys sometimes the dear daugh ter, too high up on the dizzy mast above the dark sea, which is without bottom or shore. These dear mothers and fathers, too, oh, what wasting anxiety they are suf fering, knowing, as they do, the terribly dangerous con dition of these dear, deluded children ; and fearing, as they have cause to do, that the next howling storm will articulate in their ears : " Lost, those youth are lost, for ever lost ! " But now, dear children, I want to say to you that there is no need that any of you should get off into this des perate state of wickedness, and so be lost in the old Dead Sea of sin. Little children, to begin with, are all right with God. They have never yet actually sinned ; and the evil which may have come to them from the fact that they may have had wicked parents, is not charged to them as their sin by the Heavenly Father. This sin, if it be right to call it a sin in this case, is all fully met (as far as the little children are concerned), in the atonement of Christ Jesus, who gave himself to 268 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; save us. The Saviour, when he took up that little child of old, and said, " Except ye be converted and become as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of Heaven;" assures us clearly of this fact And really all the world believes this believes that there is no sin to be charged or imputed where there is no actual transgres sion. It is no purpose of mine here to enter into a theological talk, but only, simply, to set this matter right with you children, namely, the fact that you are only to be approved or condemned for your own acts. And you can act good or bad as you choose, and so you must be taught, you must be enlightened, you must be trained, and then if you will do wrong purposely as the child that bites the mother's breast then you must be punished. This is indeed the only safe way for you and for all. This is God's way, and it is the way for all good parents, and for all in authority. And I wish to impress on your minds that there is no need or cause why you should enter into a long course of sin and wickedness. I can say to you, and even from my* own joyful experience, that in seeking God while young we can be blessed and made happy in our hearts happy, not simply because some one says so, but really happy because God blesses us and gives us the evidence that we are his children -renewed in our hearts by the power of the Holy Spirit, and so made free from sin and alive unto God, having our fruit unto holiness and the inward hope of the final end, everlasting life. Now this is the privilege of every one of you children, Jews and Gentiles, bond and free, to go to God when young and receive a special spiritual cleansing. And so then, you can all find grace and favor of God to help you, that you may walk before him blameless all the days of your lives. With Some Historical Events. 269 And now, children, I say to you in sincerity and love, that this course is really the only safe way for us all ; and if we do thus give ourselves in youth to God, and learn to fear, and love, and trust him, we will be sure to get on through life safely, and to be able to do good in our day and generation, having all the time God's smiles beaming on our consciousness, like Abel of old, who had "the witness that he was righteous," and like Enoch, who had this testimony, " that he pleased God." Now this state of peace and union with God I hold is the privilege of all a state which every one may gain and enjoy, notwithstanding all the real or supposed evils which have entered into our world. I know this is true. It is true, too, that only those who seek and try to be good can be happy. And they, the good, the faithful, will never fail in getting a glorious reward. To these, and these only, after awhile it will be said by the One who made and owns the universe, Well done good and faithful children, come up higher, enter thou into the joy of thy Father. CHAPTER XXXI. Talk With the Children Continued The Tobacco Plant, Its Use Learned From the Savages The Savages Believe the Devils Love to Float in the Smoke, and So They Do The Savages Use Tobacco to Please the Devils; and so White People in Using Tobacco Also Please the Devils Dr. R. H. McDonald's Leaflets. DEAR children, in continuing my talk with you a little further, I want to* tell you something about that plant called tobacco, and my reason for doing this you will see by the time you read this chapter carefully through. 270 Tfu Life of Lorenzo Waugh; Tobacco you all have heard of, many of you have seen it and smelled it, and some have tasted it. But the great mass of the people seem to know but little about it, though using it almost as generally as they do meat and bread ; and the more they use it the less they seem to know about it many using it who are too poor to buy meat, or bread, or good clothing for themselves or their families. Tobacco is a peculiar and very curious plant But our historic knowledge of it does not, as far as I know, extend back beyond the discovery of the American con tinent It was there discovered among the savages. These savages were found using tobacco by burning it and drawing the smoke from some kind of a rude burner into the mouth, then forcing it back through the mouth and through the nostrils. History does not give us, as far as I know, the idea these savages had of it, or of its use, or how they first came to use it ; But if we judge from the remnants of those same savage tribes, I suppose we may form a tol- lerably correct idea of the notion these early savages had of it And this idea of these remnant savages I can give you, having visited a number of these remnant tribes and conversed with them through my interpreters. These savage tribes have many supersitious traditions. One among the most prominent, and of almost universal prevalence, is the belief that they are exposed to the malice and cunning of innumerable devils or bad spirits; and they have the idea that the essence, or life, or active principle of these bad spirits easily and readily, and as a matter of fact, get into this tobacco smoke. And so now, I will tell you why they use it. These savages believe that the best way to get along with the With Some Historical Events. 271 big devil and all the little devils, or bad spirits, is to try to please them, to pet them, and to keep them in a good humor as far as possible. And so, thus believing that these devils love to float around in the tobacco smoke, and so get into the mouth, and down into the region of the heart, and up into the center and all the minutiae of the brain, these poor savages smoke with a wonderful zest and intensity of purpose, hoping that these miser able devils devils as they believe they are will be so amused and diverted by their easy rambles thus in the tobacco-smoke, that for the time, at least, they will lessen their devilish assaults on the poor, helpless savages. Thus these poor savages smoke, and who could blame them, as they know no better. And just here I will tell you something which is really wonderful. While I was in the Indian mission work I saw a number of wild savage Indians converted to God and Christianity by the power of the Holy Spirit, and in every case they would throw their pipes and tobacco all away, and without our saying a word to them about it. They had given themselves to the Christian's God and their hearts were made happy as never before; and so their heathenish tobacco-using was abandoned ? and with loathing and shame for their former heathenish ignorance and misery. The savages are not correct, by any means, in all their strange traditions, but yet in some they are. Their belief in the existence and oversight of a great and good spirit is true; and they are certainly right in the belief that the big devil and all the little devils love to see the children learning to smoke and use tobacco, and I can show this to every one of you children, and will do it, for I want you all to submit yourselves to God's counsel, 272 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; which is, " Resist the devil and he will flee from you. Draw nigh to God and he will draw nigh to you." And so then you will not be led by the devil, nor in the end have to go down with the incorrigibly bad into the eternally smoky regions, from the miserable inhabitants of which ascendeth up the smoke of their torment for ever and ever. Just here I will transcribe what God has said by the mouth of holy angels, in the fourteenth chapter of Reve lation : " Fear God and give glory to him, for the hour of his judgment has come; and worship him that made Heaven, and earth, and the sea, and the fountains of waters. And there followed another angel saying, Bab ylon is fallen, is fallen, that great city, because she made all nations drink of the wine of the wrath of her forni cation. And the third angel * followed them, saying with a loud voice, If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead, or in his hand, the same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his indignation, and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels and in the presence of the Lamb, and the smoke of their torment ascendeth up forever and ever ; and they have no rest day nor night who worship the beast and his image and whosoever receiveth the mark of his name." Now children, I can show you that from the nature of the devils, and from the nature of tobacco and the effects of its use, that none but the devils, or those much like them, c^uld be pleased to see any of you children com mence the use of tobacco. And if any one objects to you, that they do not believe in the Bible, from which I With Some Historical Events. 273 make some quotations, never mind that, only just say to them, Father Waugh has said and wrote that he believed the Bible true, and from observation and experience of more than seventy years can say, and knows that no one can successfully contradict it, that those who believe the Bible and obey its teachings are the best and happiest people on this earth. The Saviour, when here on earth, once in speaking to some obstinate people who would persist in doing wrong, said, " Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do ; he was a murderer from the beginning and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own, for he is a liar and the father of it." Now the devil is a destroyer all the devils are malic ious and only delight in the accomplishment of wicked, filthy things. They are all deceivers. Tobacco and all the devils are just alike in several things. To begin with, tobacco is a destroyer. It has destroyed more good soil than any other weed that has ever been planted on the face of the earth. And I think God never did intend for it to be cultivated at all. Enough of it for all the uses that ought to be made of it will grow wild (these uses I will not here describe). Near me, in California, along on the margin of the Russian River, tobacco grows plentifully, wild, and noth ing disturbs it. I inquired of Rev. O. B. Smith, who had been over at the old Dead Sea, if tobacco was not growing from its sediment He said it might be, but said he, " I know they are cultivating it on the top of Mt. Lebanon." When back a little while ago in Virginia, my own dear native State, I saw many acres of once rich, beautiful soil 18 274 Tht Life of Lorenzo Waugh; now completely overgrown with useless pine-brus!% with scarcely a thing besides, all the nitre, and all the nutritive, healthful properties having been years ago sucked out by the filthy tobacco weed. In one place, among the thick growth of young pines, I saw an old cherry tree, all scabby and half dead and no fruit on it, reminding one of the poor, old, scabby, half-dead, tobacco-using drunkards, which these tobacco- using, whisky-drinking gentry often point out to us, say ing, " You see men do live to be old and yet use tobacco and drink whisky when they please." Pretty scabby old specimens, are they not? petrified in filth and shame only, probably left in the world because the devils have no immediate use for them down in their smoky habitations. But this poer old tree marked the place where once there was a beautiful orchard which bloomed, and fruited, and then made all glad wko looked upon it ; now all its fragrance and fruits are gone, and the soil itself a ruin irremediably for generations, if not forever. The land now cultivated in growing this filthy tobacco weed is immense ; and requiring more care and fertiliz ing than for almost any other thing grown on the face of the earth. And yet when this tobacco is all raised and fitted up at such vast labor and expenditure of money, it is only a compound of virulent poisons, possessing not one particle of nutriment, and so fit only in its very nature for killing off the ticks and other vermin ; or it may be to please the devils in seeing human beings expending their bodies, and dwarfing their souls in con suming it on their lusts. And at the same time, all about these tobacco lands and, as a consequence, all over the inhabited world not withstanding this immense labor and vast expenditure With Some Historical Events. 275 of money, there are thousands on thousands now suiter- ing for a pittance of bread, suffering for the necessary comforts of both body and soul. And so it is true, chil dren, that this shameful waste of the good lands (which God intended to be used in producing food for men and beasts), and this worse than wasted millions of money, and hard labor, bad as it is, is not to be compared with the loss and ruin brought on the human family by the use of this filthy tobacco weed, as it is now used. When this filthy tobacco is grown and fitted up for use, the great mass of it is taken charge of by the whisky-selling, drinking, drunken, wholesale and retail men and women ^n our country and so in every nation on the face of the earth. It goes into the saloons and dance-cellars, and into all the bad houses, where it seems natively to belong. Drinking men and women, with scarcely an exception, use it, and must have it. Then it is the best bait these saloon, dance-cellar, bad-house people have ever found to use in toling in the boys and young men. These saloon folks can really afford to give the boys enough of cigarettes to begin with ; and I have no doubt but that they often do this, especially if they are the boys of the more noted and influential classes -the Deacon's, Judge's, and Parson's boys, and also the boys of the temperance lecturers. And this is all easily and readily done, especially when these titled sires call to buy their cigars, tobacco, etc., at the same places. The boys are all smart enough to know that practice speaks more forcibly than words, and so they usually pre fer to follow the practice, rather than the words of those who give them the instruction ; and all the saloon folks well understand this, and they hardly ever get so drunk 276 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; but what they can take advantage of it in their whisky- tobacco business. Years ago, when little boys never used tobacco, and the men only began to use it when they were fully grown, then the boys were generally good boys, and those men could use tobacco for years, and were riot seemingly much injured by it, and only comparatively few of them would get to be drunkards. But now, since the whisky power mainly manages the tobacco business, and the boys are thus gotten in, and are going for the whole run, see how things have changed ! We have boy hoodlums, boy tramps, boy thieves, boy robbers, boy murderers ; and you will find that every one of these started out in early little whiffs of tobacco-smoke. Only a few months ago, I saw one of these boys, just nineteen years old, as he was forced off out of this world to meet the great God, the eternal Father, Judge of all men. And the last thing that boy asked for in the prison was a cigar to smoke. He smoked before he got there ; he drank whisky ; he killed a man, and was hung by the neck till he was dead, dead. I do assert, and feel sure that no candid observer will try to contradict it, that the increased drunkenness, crime, pauperism, misery, and immature death, are essen tially the result in the United States of America, and all over the inhabited earth, of the use of tobacco, being added to the curse of strong drinks. They are " twin evils," as Dr. R. H. McDonald has lately so appropri ately styled them. And the one, as far as the truth is concerned, is just about as bad as the other, working as they do devilishly together ; so they are ruining our race physically, financially, morally, and spiritually; and With Some Historical Events. 277 unless God, in his mercy, does give us success in the blessed work of prohibition speedy, absolute, and effective we are gone in, ruined, just as sure as that Sodom sank never to rise again. May God soon give us effective, everlasting prohibition. Amen. Now, dear children, I want you to shun this filthy tobacco. Never learn to use it ; and if you ever have used it, never use it again. For I feel sure if you will shun this nlthy, heathenish tobacco habit, you will never, not one of you, become a drunkard. And so you will be healthy, and pure, and sweet, and so will be an honor and blessing through all the journey of this life. And so, too, by seeking and trusting God, you will, in the end, enter into the Heavenly home, where the loving Heavenly Father will gather all the children, and all the good people to enjoy his love and his glory with him forever and ever, beyond the reach of all sin and temp tation. And now that you may never forget the filthiness of this vile tobacco habit, I will tell you what I saw some of those savages do who used tobacco, and you can just read it to yourselves if you will. I saw some of those poor savages, when smoking till they would begin to feel the effects, take the pipes out of their mouths, and pick lice from their blankets, eat them, and chew them up, and swallow them, and then smoke again. The truth is children, that those who will use tobacco habitually cannot be decent. You know yourselves that the breath of a persistent smoker is terribly foul, and the worst is, the smokers do not know it, and if they did it would be all the same with them; they, the most of them, would smoke if every decent person's stomach were to become so sick as jto be compelled to heave up 278 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; in their presence. For it is an experimental fact known^ to decent people, that the effluvium from even' constant smoker's breath is more foul and sickening to every decent nose and stomach than the horrible insect-mash ing of those heathenish savages could possibly be to any decent eyes, bad indeed, as this foul savage habit is. Robert Burns once said that he saw one of those savage intruders on a ladies' 1 bonnet, and he -\yote: ** O wart some pow'r the giftie gie us, To see oursels as ithers see us, ' T would from monie a blunder free us/' And he might have made the other two lines of his verse read : ' Ibis sight from smoke and filth should free us, That all may smile whene'er they see u>." THE SRNATW? A.XD THE TU:r->. ("See page 358.) With Some Historical Events. 279 Now here follows some statements prepared by Dr. R. H. McDonald of San Francisco, and sent out in song- leaflets to help the children to be good. And, children, I know you will read them and try to heed them, and thank the doctor for them and for all he is doing to help you children to be good and to be happy and useful. FROM MOTHER. DON'T drink to-day, my boyl Let not the sparkling glass, That woos but to destroy, Touch lips just fondly seal 'H With mother's kiss, my boy* Her hope of earthly bliss Is told in asking this Don't drink to-day, my boy, NO DRUNKARDS THERE. THERE is a beautiful land, we are told, With rivers of silver, streets of gold; Bright the beings whose shining feet Wander along each quiet street ; Sweet is the music that fills the air- No drunkards are there. No garrets are there, where the weary wait, Where the room is cold and the hours are late, No pale-faced wife, with looks of fear, Listens for steps she dreads to hear. The hearts are freed from pain and care- No drink is sold there. Father ! look down from thy throne, I pray; Hasten, oh ! hasten a better day ; Help us to work as a Temperance band, To drive the demon from the land 1 Help us to wipe away every tear Which drink brings here. 280 The Life of Lorenzo Wangk; A BOY has keener discriminations than he is usually credited with. The father may quietly drink his brandy at home, while his boy, having fewer responsibilities, less pride, and more courage, gets drunk publicly. Many a man goes to bed "comfortable," while his son is "comfortably" drinking beer and playing dominoes. A GLASS of brandy is a glass of brandy, whether on the side-board or in the saloon. The preacher, under the inspiration of alcohol, may elab orate a magnificent peroration to captivate his congregation, while his boy may do the same thing in a down-town saloon, and there is about as much piety in the one case as in the other. No act in itself harmful, or in its influence, can be made right because of a man's position or avocation. THE police justices of the city of San Francisco, in their annual report, say: "We are satisfied it (intoxication) is the one leading cause which renders the existence of police courts necessary." I LOATHE, abhor my very soul With strong disgust is stirred, Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell Of the dark beverage of hell. THE elective franchise in large cities is no better than a farce. Drunk enness has turned this highest privilege of a freeman into a two-edged sword, that is being used by bad men to cut down, and destroy forever self-government. ALEXANDER THE GREAT was born 360 B. c., and after conquering nearly all the known world t died from the effects of intoxication by wine- drinking, 330 B. c. INSURANCE companies will not give a policy at any rate on the life of a drunken man. Deception as to habits of inebriety vitiates a policy in law-. MEN try many foolish and useless experiments, but none more foolish and useless than the experiment of moderate drinking. FREQUENTLY review your conduct, and not your feelings. SAN FRANCISCO has over ten solid miles of legalized grogshops. Q. WHY prohibit a trade on which so many depend for support? A. BECAUSE the upholding of any business which endangers the morals and lives of the community is criminal, and therefore unchristian. The object of hatred is not the rum-seller, but the drink. LOOK around you ! how many cases of crime, insanity, disease, death, domestic unhappiness, failures in life, poverty, and orphanage, have you With Some Historical Events. 281 not seen the direct result of ruin and tobacco. These poisons are deadlier far than Cleopatra's asp. SlN is like a river with a strong current, and the farther you go down the stream, the less likely it is that you will ever return. WINK'S a friend of sorrow, Water's friend is glee; . Drops of crystal water, then, Are wine enough for me. THE RESULTS OF 282 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; PHYSICAL EVILS OF TOBACCO. TOBACCO contains an essential oil, and nicotine, both of which are highly poisonous. Tobacco when first smoked, chewed, or snuffed, deranges the whole system. Tobacco, V)) f perverting the nourishing saliva, prevents the due elabora tion of chyle and blood. Tobacco exerts a special influence on the brain and nervous system gen erally. Tobacco, by weakening the nerves, produces morbid excitability and irritability. Tobacco impairs the senses of smelling and tasting, and often of hearing and seeing. Tobacco seriously affects .the action of the heart and circulation of the blood. Tobacco mars beauty, destroys the complexion, and impairs the brill- ancy of the eyes. Tobacco, smoked in confined rooms, is very injurious to sickly women and children. Tobacco consumers are more liable to disease than if they were in a natural condition. Tobacco weakens the constitution, and renders recovery from sickness * greater difficulty. Tobacco has a tendency to superinduce paralysis. Tobacco harms the gums and teeth. Tobacco poisons the blood. Tobacco is a known cause of enfeeblement to the posterity of its con sumers. Tobacco arrests the growth of the young, and thereby lowers the stature. Tobacco is a stepping-stone to other bad things. It is a letter of intro duction to evil associates. A boy with a cigar or a quid of tobacco in his mouth will not be very par- ticular about his companions. In fact, he will hardly be tolerated in good company. He will naturally be drawn to the place where the idle and f dissipated resort. A thirst for intoxicating liquors naturally follows. His lower passions are stimulated by the narcotic, and by the company he keeps, and become precociously developed. He grows irresolute in disposition, and loses all energy of character. One after another the barriers of virtue fall, and he sinks into early vice, and an early grave. Such is the history, not of all tobacco -users, but ol thousands. With Some Historical Events. 28; I HAVE tried both ways; \ speak from experience. I am in good spirits, because I take ju> spirits; T am hale because I use no ale. I take no antidote in the form of drugs, because I take no poison in the form of drinks. Thus, though in the first instance I sought only the public good, I have found my own also since I became a total abstainer. I have found these four reasons for continuing to be one: (l) my health is stronger, (2) my head is clearer, (3) uiy heart is lighter, (4) my purse is heavier. THOMAS GC.ITHRIE, 1). I). t 284 The Life of Lorenzo Watigh; A SABBATH well spent brings a week of content, And health for the toils of the morrow ; But a Sabbath profaned, whatsoe'er may be gained, Is a certain forerunner of sorrow. NATURE'S WARNING. WHEN the moderate drinker, sipping his glass of cider at dinner, feels his face flush, he has received Nature's order to stop drinking. That is the first symptom of alcoholic poisoning. THE over-action of the heart, thus unhealthily goaded, causes the crimson flag of distress to be hung out on the cheeks. "'Tis not beneath the fretted dome Alone God listens to our prayer, 'Tis not when crowds behold us kneel To pour our spirit's incense there. An humble heart and spirit meek Are all he asks for all his care, In any clime, in any tongue, P'or God, our God, is everywhere." TE law is really no stronger than the public sentiment that is behind it. THE machinery is practically no more powerful that the steam in the boiler. WHAT the temperance cause needs is not so much a new law as a new public sentiment. CHAPTER XXXII. Review of My Life I Would Not Wish to Live It Over if I Could My Victories and How I Gained Them Christianity and Chris tiansWhat They Are The Effect, if AH Professing Were the Genuine Gold Some of the Pleasures of the Good Old Folks The True Catholic Church, Its Beauty and Power A Clip from the California Christian Advocate An Acrostic Rev. J. L. Bur- chard and Other Friends Love is All Powerful, Fills the Law. DEAR children, in this chapter I will take a little review of my life, and so arrange to finish up this little sketch. With Some Historical Events. 285 Since I have been writing this sketch many scenes and occurrences of my life have been brought to my recollec tion, and I have still considerable matter on hand which I thought I should publish for you. But I see now I cannot do it without enlarging this sketch beyond all my arrangements for its publication. In looking back over my life, I, of course, see where I sometimes made mistakes and where a different way would seem to have been better. Still, I dare not say, as I have heard some say, " I wish I could live my life over again." I dare not say this, for it is my sincere conviction if I could live my life over again, I might not better it and really might greatly worse it I have fought a good fight, and in the main have conquered. I can say with a clear conscience, I have battled for the right, and sometimes for the time being, in doing this, I have lost friends and favorable reputation. But inward joy and happiness in every instance have come on surely as the final result. All my victories, too, I am sure have been essentially gained, by my earnest seeking to know, and asking grace and strength to do the will of God striving to submit myself in all things to him, as my Father in Heaven, and the owner, and ruler, and holy director of all this great universe. His spirit and his word have furnished me all my essential light and strength, and so I know and feel in my heart I should say, glory be to God. Every stage of human life has its peculiar responsi bilities, conflicts, sorrows, and joys. I am now through all of these stages, up to the last one where I now am. And I am able to say to you, from this, the last stage of human life in this world, that I am, as I really believe, 286 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; more substantially and immovably happy than ever in all the preceding stages. The objects and scenes which present themselves in the earlier stages of human life as objects of much hope and happiness, often greatly change in the light of multiplied years and experience. And at this point the good old people have greatly the advantage of even the good young people. The good young people look mainly ahead of them, and in boiiyant hope have many delightful prospects. But some of us, the old folks, can assure these dear young people, that many of these delightful and so much desired prospects, when they do come around in the regular course of human events, clad, when they come, in the plain garments of truth, experience and reality, they often assume very different colors, attitudes and effects from all they at first, in the simple light of hope, seemed to be. And I suppose it was this truth which caused the wise man to say in his time, in reference to all possible pleasure and happiness attainable only from the things of this world, "Vanity of vanities, all is vanity/' One of the greatest pleasures coming to good old folks in this life (as they stand on the top of the mount ain, looking back on the varied journey they have made, and over on the promised land beyond), is the sight of those coming on along in this same journey, whom they have helped, by their example and counsel, to start out on the highway of safety and happiness just right, and are journeying on, and working with holy, faithful pur pose. This beautiful sight really affords those good old folks more pleasure than if they were all the time looking ati With Some Historical Events. 287 and only talking of, the good land beyond ; for to them this good land is sure. And so the main concern is that the coming-up youth may all get a right start, be good, industrious, safe, and happy, as they are to follow on in this pilgrim journey, which unmistakably, when rightly followed, leads on to glory, honor, and eternal life. And so to these good old folks, and, indeed, to all the good and faithful workers, that wonderful declaration of the good old Daniel falls as a solace and charm on the heart : "And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament ; and they that turn many to righte ousness, as the stars forever and ever." A little share of this happiness, I can humbly say, I am permitted to find in my feeble efforts still to do a little share in guarding, instructing, and caring for the lambs of the flock. There is a world of force in that word of the blessed Saviour to Peter : " Feed my lambs." Often now I am meeting those gray-headed ones, who forty and fifty years ago were the children I used to try to help and encourage. The following, clipped from the California Christian Advocate, of September, 1881, I append as a little specimen : " The following touching incident took place just after the opening exercises of the Conference in Sacramento : Father L. Waugh rose in front of Bishop Harris, and said: * Allow me five minutes. In 1834 the Ohio Con ference, then embracing all the State of Ohio and a large district in Virginia, sent me as one of its members to Mt. Gilead Circuit. There I became acquainted with a kind Presbyterian lady, by the name of Harris, who often spoke to me of a boy her son, Logan then at school at the Norwalk Seminary. After awhile, in that 288 The Life of Lorenzo Waitgh; year, my Elder put me down on the Norwalk work, to take the place of a preacher who had been put into the seminary to teach, a Brother Hill being the preacher in charge. There I soon got acquainted with this Presby terian sister's boy, Logan ; and, in process of time, Logan told me he felt movings in his heart to try to do some thing in the way of talking religiously to the people, if the church would allow him ; so his name wa$ proposed in an official meeting, with the request that he might be allowed to exhort. Brother Power, the Elder, however, was doubtful in the matter, and rather opposed, saying he thought Logan too boisterous in his way. I, believ ing there was really something good in him, and that there might yet be a good out-come, advocated his case ; and so Logan was licensed to exhort. And that is all I wish now to say, as he sits before you, and you can judge for yourselves/ " The Bishop rose, detailing his own recollections of the case tenderly, and calling for the hand of Father Waugh the greeting being witnessed by all with touch ing emotions." After a separation of almost fifty years, I have no doubt that Bishop Harris and I both felt something of the same kind of emotions Paul felt at Puteoli, when he said : " We found brethren." I know my own feelings on this occasion were more than ordinary ; and so with a full heart I wrote the following acrostic lines, handing them to him who used to be my youthful friend forty- eight years ago; With Some Historical Events. 289 ACROSTIC We trust in God, and courage take, In him we find our strength and power; Living by faith 'tis thus we make Life's duties pleasing every hour. In youth we heard the Saviour's voice, And heeding, found his saving grace Made free from sin, we now rejoice; Living in him, he gives us peace. Oh yes, for us ' twas Jesus paid God's just demand for all our sin, And so by faith our peace is made ; Now heirs we are, joint-heirs with him. Here, Holy Ghost, our hearts inspire, And keep us ever in thy love Redeemed on earth, oh raise us higher, Rejoicing friends to meet above. I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ. (Rom. I : if.) Surely he hath borne our griefs, etc. (Isa. 53 : 4.) By your friend and brother, LORENZO WAUGH. Sacramento, Cal., Sept. 1.0, 1881. I recollect, too, that after my interview with Bishop Harris, Rev. J. L. Burchard came and pleasantly said: " I want you to remember that Logan Harris was not the only boy you helped to start out to work in the old .M. E. Church." Of course I had not forgotten the sincere, honest, ear nest face of the boy, when I took him by the hand and welcomed him into the M. E. Church. And this brings up other reflections. I remember the little girl who is now " Grandmother Burchard" when I took her on my knee to keep her quiet, while my dear friend, her father, Rev. Jonas Heath, was preaching to a great congrega tion in Virginia, and urging, in eloquent and loving strains, that "godliness is profitable unto all things, hav- 19 290 TV// Lift of Lorenzo Waugh; ing promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come." I remember, too, how pleasant it was to meet Brother Heath and family, years after this, over the Mississippi, in Missouri, and there renew the dear friendships of ear lier years. And also the sad sight after this of viewing the fatal tree which fell on my dear friend and brother, Jonas Heath, and took him off instantly into the eternal world. But how cheering to all the great family of the good to look over into the heavenly Canaan country and see that soon the whole family, of all times, and peoples, and tongues, shall meet, and the union and communion be one eternal now, and so forever free from all sin and death, and yet progressing ever in that "eternal world of joy." Dear children, the last thing I wish to say to you in finishing up this little sketch of my life for you, is that Christianity is the only power within the reach of man all the family of the human race the observance and practice of which can place us in the attitude in which the holy, eternal God can be well pleased with us. And in saying this of Christianity, I do not mean sim ply the doctrines, organizations, formulas, ceremonies, and practices of the massive inhabitants of earth, called or calling themselves " Christians." There is a vast amount of counterfeit coin in all the nations of the earth, which is being offered and endeav ored to be passed off as pure and genuine, gold. But this does not disprove the palpable fact that there is really pure gold gold which will invariably come out of the fire more lustrous and pure than it was before it wa put into the crucible. Christians, like gold, must have some special, real, absolute properties, and so be Chri* W'ith t Some Historical Events. 291 tians in themselves, and in their effects, as the result of such state and profession. To be Christians, the old, deceitful, wicked heart must be changed and thoroughly renewed by the power of God. All who are indeed Christians have been "born again ; " and they all know of the truth of which the Saviour spake when he said : "The wind bloweth where it listeth and thou heareth the sound thereof, but canst not tell whence it cometh or whither it goeth ; so is every one that is born of the spirit." And such only can and do feel the truth of the inspired declaration that, " whosoever is born of God doth not commit sin." And such only can and do show the work of the spirit in the heart and life, as expressed in the following dec laration of God's word : " But the fruit of the spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuflfefing, gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance ; against such there is no law." And were all such even now professing to be Chris tians, then the fatherless, the poor, the lonely widows, the destitute orphans, and travelers fallen among the thieves down near Jericho, all would Smile for joy in hearing the cheerful voices saying : " Here, clear afflicted ones, is something that will help you in this the time of your distress." These medicines, and bread, and milk, and clothes with looks and words so sweet and kind, would make those scores and hundreds of sufferers so glad and happy. And even the kind benefactors themselves would be unusually blessed in more than seeming to hear the Author and Founder of Christianity saying to them: "Well done; do this to these my suffering ones, for in 30 doing you do it unto me ; and remember I have the 292 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; heart and the abundance, and will more than pay you all again." Thus then, too, those vast expenditures of money, by the millions, now thrown in to assist the devil, the flesh, and the world in effecting the ruin of the suffering race of man, would be turned in as helps and blessings in aid of salvation to man, and for the glory of God. Then there would be seen no professed ministers of the gospel, or priests of the sanctuary, with breath, and flesh, and blood, all foul with the filthy, heathenish use of tobacco, and with faces flushed with the curse of strong drink the holy altar being tread, and the sacred emblems handled in the midst of such intolerable deprav ity. A state of things saying to the laity, and to all, coming thus from the professed sanctified clergy, in awful force : " We may sin ; you may sin ; all may serve the flesh, if we only keep up the form, and keep up the current salaries of the clergy and expenses of the church." I can say to you, children, in the fullness of my heart's deepest, clearest convictions, that Christianity is all that can save our sin-stricken world. And if Christianity was only once saved from the evil power of its professed votaries but yet its worst enemies we should then soon have an honest, pure Catholic Church. Then the ministers and priests of the Catholic Church (which only includes the pure and faithful, without any refer ence to names or orders) would be in harmony, and would be seen loving each other ; and assisting each other in the blessed work of the holy ministry holy co operation among all and with all. And all would then remember and act on the Saviour's direction to his early disciples, when they were inclined to become sectarian With Some Historical Events. 293 " Forbid them not," said he, " for he that is not against us is for us." Then we should see the honest Jew free from harm and violence from those professing to be the lovers and followers of the meek and loving Jesus. And then, I verily believe, many of those professing faith in infi delity would be seen on their knees searching the Scriptures, and in fervent prayer to God for light, for peace, and for salvation. But I cannot elaborate, and will close by giving you one short, inspired sentence, which embodies the very essence of all the Christian faith and practice : " Love, worketh no ill to his neighbor^ therefore love is the ful filling of the law'' And the poet sweetly sings- "'Tis love that drives our chariot wheels, And death must yield to love." Oh ! may we have this blessed gift through all this life, and eternally. Amen. Finished this 28th day of August, A. I). 1882. LORENZO WAUGH. Petaluma t Sonoma County^ California. 294 The Life of Loremo Waugh. ON THE LOOKOUT. APPENDIX. An Explanation of a Prejudice Some Have Had Against Me A Word of Warning and Love for My Dear Coxmtry's Sake Kind Note from Governor Perkins Letter from Nicholas Carriger A Letter and Two Mites from Aunt Charity Letter from C. K. Jenner, Esq. Some Acrostics. BUT I must write one addendum chapter, impression and duty being clear and abiding, and, as the wise man says by inspiration, " Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might ; " beyond the grave nothing can be done ; and there is no return train to bring us back to mend up ougr neglects or omissions in this world. So I will write a chapter to correct a prejudice some good people hav.e had against me, and a word of love and warning for my beloved country's sake. At the time I took my stand in Missouri against the movement to sever the M. E. Church, and organize the M. E. Church South, I had the clearest knowl edge that desperate measures were being resorted to to accomplish the latter object. And without going into a detail of all the measures, I will just relate that out of which this prejudice grew against me: A leading minister, an advocate of slavery and of the said new organization, and being a Mason, approached me with the suggestion that, as several of our leading ministers were Masons, by my coming in and using my influence with others of our young men, the transfer of 295 296 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; the M. E. Church in Missouri could thus be quietly made, aiul the new M. E. Church South be organized. I became satisfied, too, that his plan in that direction was taking effect with several of our young men, and with the whole thing- I was exceedingly disgusted ; and I laid the matter before a true Masonic friend of mine, a man in high standing in their Order, a Major Overfield ; and lie assured me that, while he had some knowledge that something of the kind was being attempted, the whole thing was anti-Masonic in every aspect of the case, and that it would be rebuked. I was then preparing a defense of my own course, and my objections to an ecclesiastical organization so extremely sectional, and with the ominous term " South' 1 affixed, indicating clearly enough that slavery was to be embraced and fostered. And in this work, which I had stereotyped, and ran through, I think, about six edi tions, I referred to the above-named facts, and gave the name of the said preacher. And now here I will tell you the secret of the whole thing. Moth the Masons and Odd Fellows (as individ uals) assisted me in the publication and spread of my work. And then, after this, the Masons took the matter up in a grand meeting in Missouri, and made those smart who had thus abused their own doctrinal and practical regulations ; and so set themselves right in the fact that the\' > were not to be used in church separations, or in any act that could be construed as having the least look or favor towards the maiming or severing of our glo rious National Union. And. so here is where the prejudice against me came from from those who were the violators of their own established rules and doctrines, and who, while smarting With Stmie Historical Events. 297 under their just reproof, ceased not to persecute me, " even unto strange cities." Of my own course in the whole matter, I am still sat isfied I was right ; and I am not sure but that what I then did, and the good Masons did, contributed largely to the salvation of our own beloved nation ; for in the time of the terrible Rebellion the battle for the nation's life and death nothing Odd Fellow or Masonic ever came to the surface ; but our glorious nation's life was sustained, and human slavery went to perdition, where it of right belonged. It is not my purpose here to enter into any discus sion of the right or wrong of secret societies ; nor have I ever attempted this, though one man made a public statement to this effect. I have long been associated with the Sons of Temperance, and the Good Templars ; and I may simply say, it is my judgment that conscien tious people ought to be able to judge what is proper and right for themselves ; provided, that in every case, they keep within the sanction and bounds of the Word of God, and the interests and safety of their country; so infringing no personal or national rights. Rebel lion against God, and treason against the country and government are trimes which, in the final issue, God himself will arrange adequately to punish, as on this principle God's word is : "Righteousness exalteth a nation ; but sin is a reproach to any people." And now, and here, under a conscious sense of duty, I will say it is my judgment, that when the next assault shall be made on our Nation's life, both the Odd Fel lows and Free Masons will be found in firm and unflinch ing defense of the Nation's rights and life, against a com bination of enemies seeking to overthrow our American ::? Tki Lift ef irjstrtfrtiom. tendered to us by the prayers, and Mood and treasure of onr patriot ktheis and mothqv long ; "T^ Z""~- " : "-**-* r^'.'C* A."2 That the assault on oar blessed Nation's life is con- fempIatedL ami hastening,, I have not a doubt : and that it will be an awful conflict is sure. I may not ?t in its foil power and malice. God only can fully sec the beginning and the end. In this battle array of our Nation's enemies, we shall have the liquor power, and every other devilish power Even now. by the tens of thousands *"e have the low. and ignorant* and drunken, the escaped convicts and assassins from nearly all lands, and empowered in then ignorance and depravity, with the mighty ballot tools in the hands of our Nation's enemies, These, with the thousands of our own young natives* made equally low and vile and dangerous by fellowship with this foreign rfleness all these together, like the foreign fkyikxfra on our noble vines, are sapping the health and life of our glorious American liberty. And these are to be a prom inent portion of the soldiers who. in their ignorance, depravity, and bigotry, officered, drilled, and armed are to be used in the attempt to destroy our free schools. and all others of our American institutions . and so. if possmfcy take the life of the Government itself. God bless and save Unflf Sam / Spirit of Washington, Jackson, Adams. Gay. Web ster, Randolph, Benton. Lincoln, Garfield be aroused ! ind may the mantles of your wisdom and patriotism fall ja your junior successors ! God pity us in our blind indifference to our approaching imminent danger. Oh. God of nations, God of all creation, save us in this the day of our greatest peril ! Amen. With Some Historical Events. 290 A KIND XOTE FROM GOTERBTOK PERKI3TS. SACRAMENTO, Cat, Sept i 1882. FATHER WAUGH : I am pleased to leant that you are proposing to publish a sketch of your life for the chil dren. Your efforts hitherto in teaching and enlisting the youth against the evil habits of the age. I am sure. entitle you to the gratitude and aid of all parents, and of every good citizen ; and especially as your welt-preserved vigor in age. and your evident happiness in your work, show that you have practiced yourself as ft* k*ve ^reached. I would, indeed, be glad to encourage all well-directed efforts emp!oyed in training our youth in wisdom, and in true patriotism, and thus saving them from that disgrace and ruin which inevitably must follow where low and vicious habits become leading characteristics of their youthful lives. Yours truly, GEO. C PERKIMS. LETTER FROM NICHOLAS CARRIGER- SOXOMA, CaL, Oct. 27, 1882. DEAR FATHER WAUGH : I am pleased to learn you are going to publish a sketch of your Kfe for the chil dren. I have known you since I was a boy : and I am free and glad to say that both your teachings and example are such as every youth may safely follow. I can now, in the fullness of my heart, endorse your entire temperance doctrines. They are true, and to heed and follow them is the only safety now for our youth. I am unmistakably convinced that I made a sad take when I entered into .the ivine and brandy This day I can say that all my vines and wines and brandies, and costly works, and wine-cellar all would I now giadly give, if I could only say just what you to my own boys, and to all the children. 300 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; I am now determined, by God's help, to be forever disengaged from the "body of this death," and to meet you in the better land. To aid you in your work please accept the accom panying twenty dollars, gold. NICHOLAS CARRIGER. ACROSTIC. PETITION TO THE HONORABLE, THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF TH STATE OF CALIFORNIA. Petitioners we are to you, Enlightened statesmen, good and true, The thing we ask, at once you 11 see, A lasting good to all will be. Iiiquor, as a deluge great, Unchecked, will sink our noble State. Most rapid has its progress been, Accompanied by disgrace and sin. Distressing laws its reign has brought ; In taxing, it has wonders wrought. Vile bloats in office on it came, Intriguers, base, have done the same. Successfully doth it debase, In church, in State, in every place. Of all the agents sin has made, None half its power has e'er displayed. Sovereigns to it have bowed in shame ; Our own great men have done the same. No one can all its bane portray ; Sore prison bills for it we pay, Our madmen by its power we make, For it the orphan's bread we take. The woes of earth without its reign Excessive growth would ne'er attain. Most honored Sirs, to you we pray, Pass now an Act, without delay, Expelling liquor, as did Maine; Remove the evil, break its reign. As benefactors then you'll be, Noted and loved eternally. Come, noble fellows ! and we say Ever will we for it pray. L. WAUGH. Peialwna, April 6, 1855. With Some Historical Events. 301 LETTER FROM DR. R. H. MCDONALD. SAN FRANCISCO, Cal., Nov. 16, 1882. FATHER WAUGH : Years ago, I used to hear of your efforts among the children to influence and assist them to shun the degrading, ruinous habits of using tobacco and intoxicating drinks ; and of late, when hearing you tell them that you had shunned these habits all your life, I have been pleased and much encouraged. I am glad now to learn that you are preparing a sketch of your life for the children. I hope you may succeed in getting it at once through the press, as I feel sure it will be read with interest and profit in thousands of families, and be the means of encouraging thousands of youth to seek and prepare for a share for themselves in that happiness which you are enjoying now in the time of your life beyond the old, noted period of " three score years and ten." It has been astonishing to me, of late, to see the blind indifference manifested to these malignant, soul and body-destroying habits, using tobacco and drunkenness, even among mere children parents, and teachers, and professed priests and ministers f religion, setting often the practical example before the youth ; degradation and shame and ruin being the prevailing result in every direction, as witnessed by all sober, candid beholders ; even our legislation favoring this most revolting state of of things. The very atmosphere has become vile and every clean thing foul from the use of the filthy weed, mingled with the hideous curses and delerium of drunkenness ; so that murder and every intermediate crime form the staple of our daily news. Will not our people awake to a sight of our danger, and to an effective remedy ? 3O2 The Life of Lorenzo Waugk; Be assured that you have my most hearty sympathy in your good work with the children, and my wish to aid you and every department of this noble cause in every way I possibly can. Sincerely yours, R. H. MCDONALD, LETTER FROM C. K. JENNER, ESQ. SEATTLE, Wash. Ter., Jan. 19, 1883. FATHER WAUGH : I am pleased to learn you are about publishing a sketch of your life for the children, and the inclosed little donation is to assist you in getting out your first edition. Your teaching and example, I am sure, will benefit all who will heed and practice. From my own experience, I can say to all the youth, keep away from bad company, and shun all evil habits. It is far easier to shun the wrong, and to keep clear of evil ways, than to leave off bad habits when they are once formed. And I would like to say to all the youth, get Father Waugh's book, and read it, and take his advice ; and then, if you live to get old, as he is now, you will be safe and happy. I have known Father Waugh since I was a little boy, and, by God's help, I now intend to so live as to be sure of meeting him and all the good in the better land. I feel sure, too, that in shunning bad habits, or in getting out of them when they are formed, there is no help so effectual as humbly trusting in God, and seeking the light and power of the Holy Spirit. Yours truly, CHAS. K. JENNER. With Some Historical Events. 303 LETTER FROM "AUNT CHARITY." SAN FRANCISCO, Jan., 29, 1883. FATHER WAUGII : With this note I send you a wid ow's "two mites," which will help you a little in getting out your book for the children. Some of us well remember the stand you took in Mis souri when the politicians and some of the preachers and priests were arranging to extend our slavery a\\ over this Nation, and to rivet the chains so as never to be loosed. May God bless every gray hair on your head, and every purpose of your heart. I hope to help you yet more some of these times, ii you shall need it. Yours truly, AUNT CHARITY. Dear children, those two mites from Aunt Chanty count up just $200 in gold, and like the memorable good widow's two mites of old, " more than they all." These " Aunt Charities " and u Aunt Sarahs " I have always known to be kind to the children. Indeed the colored people generally have shown themselves to be the most kind, forgiving, and God-fearing people that ever lived on this continent. Arid now, children, I want you all to ever treat the colored people kindly, and justly ; and always remember that it was God's Jiand that tore off from them, in his righteous indignation, their galling chains of human sla very, and set them free, and their children free ; so that now, blessed be God our Pilgrim Fathers' God we all may sing as we never should have sung before ' The land of the free, and the home of the brave." 304 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; EAST OAKLAND, Cal., Feb. 14, 1883. FATHER WAUGH Dear Friend: I am pleased to hear that you are publishing the history of your life, and labor in behalf of the children. Perhaps it may be of interest to you to know how the juvenile work of this State, in which you so long ago were a pioneer, is progressing. The conviction has at last forced itself upon all thinking temperance men and women, that it is easier and wiser to save the child than to reclaim the drunkard ; and all over the State, " Bands of Hope," teaching the same principles that you incul cated in the " California Youth's Association," have been formed, and where the same, or similar societies existed, greater zeal is manifested by all concerned. There is now in this State about 200 Bands in good working order, with a membership of about 12,000. The work is still advancing. Many men who have used tobacco for years have become convinced that they were committing a sin, not only against their own God-given bodies, but against God himself, by causing " these little ones to offend," and, throwing away pipe and tobacco, have joined the Band of Hope. Thus we have both old and young in our organization, and the prospects for the future are encouraging. It is earnestly hoped by all who honor your "works and labor of love," that the publication of your book may be of pecuniary benefit, and that the story of your life thus circulated among the youth of our land may inspire many of them to " go and do likewise." With kindest wishes, I am yours for the children, MRS. M. E. RICHARDSON. DEAR CHILDREN : Mrs. Richardson is my very dear friend, and is the Superintendent of the Juvenile Tcna- With Some Historical Events. 305 perance Work of this State, and resides at No. 1605 Thirteenth Ave, East Oakland, and all interested in this work, by application to her, can procure supplies for organizing Bands of Hope, which are furnished by the Grand Lodge of Good Templars free of charge. I would like to say here, that I hope an increasing interest in this glorious work will be felt, and that the rising generation may be trained to be temperate and pure in all things. L. WAUGH. OFFICE OF RIGHT WORTHY GRAND TEMPLAR, ^ . INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS, > SACRAMENTO, Cal., Feb. 16, 1883. j FATHER WAUGH : I have learned with unfeigned pleasure that you have in contemplation the publication of an autobiographical sketch. My first recollections of temperance work in this State are associated with your labors among and with the youth of our commonwealth, a quarter of a century ago ! There are many to-day who are now and have been total abstainers all these years, doubtless, as a direct result of your earlier efforts, and who, in reading your sketches, will more freely real ize and appreciate the self-sacrificing efforts made by you in behalf of truth, morality, and temperance, in the years that are gone. I bespeak for your venture the greatest success. Sincerely yours, GEO. B. KATZENSTEIN. 20 306 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; ACROSTIC. Nellie, for you I've penned to-day Each letter of your charming name Letters, they talk, just hear them say, " Live pure in life ; in this be game." Improve your time with care in youth ; Excel in always doing right. Companions make of love and truth. With these you'll share in honor bright. And now, adieu, my Nellie, dear, Upon you may God's blessing rest. Give him your heart ; he'll love and cheer. "Have faith in God ;" you'll then be blessed. Your prandpa, affectionately, LORENZO WAUGH. San Francisco, Feb. 4. 1883. ACROSTIC. Kind Muse arise and sing a song, A little song for Katie, dear ; To cheer her as she treads along, In ent'ring on life's great career. Enraptured Nature seems to be, Hieing to Katie, as she's seen Intently moving, bound to see Through everything that can be seen. To every land she'd go and coast, E'en every clime she's bound to test. Let love though, Katie, charm you most, Love pure in God will give you rest. Written by your friend and instructor in mountainology and conchology, now in the prime of his life, being only in the seventy-fourth year of his ige, this 1st day of May, A. D. 1882. Petaluma, California. LORENZO WAUGH. Presented to Miss Katie on the day of her graduation from the State University. With Some Historical Events. 307 ACROSTIC In youth, how bless'd is it to be Devoted firmly to the right, A sight which angels smile to see. Blessed it is, most lovely sight ! Enshrined in youth, earth's honors lie Ijike crystaled gold, deep in the mine. Let truth prevail, then, by and by, Earth's purest gold, unearthed, will shine. May every power to save our youth In every way be used aright; Let all who teach, practice the truth, Let parents be the children's light. "Every good gift is ... from above." (James 1 : 17.) "Remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth." (Eccl. 12 : 1.) Your friend affectionately, L. WAUGH. Oakland, : unclean pictures and impure publications are hung in the windows and displayed in attractive colors and With Some Historical Emnfx. 325 forms -bad companionships on street and comer ; all, all thes and multitudes of other things are the bait which Satan mid his allies are using to decoy boys and girls into his power nd effect their ruin. Oh ! that there might be echoed all through the country the shout, Look out ! Lost boys ! lost girls ! have been caught in these traps. Keep away ! keep away ! Let me tell you, children, what to do. Keep close to your parents and your own fireside, especially at night. Some of these child-stealers are most active at night. Keep close to Jesus, the children's Almighty friend, and by prayers and obedience to his word, secure his help and guidance. "Little ones to him belong, They are weak but he is strong." Keep your eyes open, and your consciences tender, -and tongue from falsehood and profanity, and your mouths clean from tobacco in any form, arid all intoxicants, and be sure that you are never stolen from the paths of virtue and safety. Your friend, F. F. JEWELL. DEA.B CHILDREN : I have been m-ged by some friends to give you more of our hunting scenes here in California ; but this I 326 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; cannot well afford to do just now. But I know you will be pleased with those new pictures of some of our grand scenery ; though I cannot even take room to say much about them. This picture here, as you see, is labelled " Result of Wood peckers' Industry," and as I know the facts intended to be re presented are really very interesting, and will be new to many of you, I will give you here a brief statement of this, as I know myself about it, and I have had the engraving done ex pressly for our book. The picture, itself, represents a section of one of our mountain pine trees, with the thick bark per forated full of holes made by the woodpeckers, in which to hide away their acorns for future use, and to keep them from the squirrels and other intruders. Here, in California, the crop of acorns has usually been wonderfully abundant, furnishing food for many animals ; and in former years almost the entire stock of bread for the Indian tribes. It would astonish you, had I the room to tell you of the great amount of these acorns which used to be gathered by the Indians, and how they kept them, prepared them, and used them. The peckerwoorls, too, as I can prove to you, have been for ages here adepts in this industry of gathering and laying up acorns for themselves and their little ones. It is plain to be seen, too, that those industrious woodpeckers, either from being a little too greedy, or too much in a hurry, or a little inattentive to the minutiae of business, really have lost at times stores of their good nuts. As proof of this, let me tell you this fact : Years ago, my boys and I, when get ting out our timber in the redwoods, split open a great cut of a big redwood tree, and there, not far from the centre, was a fine pocket of beautiful acorns, which, to the eye, looked as though they might yet be fresh and good, though having been lying in there for possibly fifty hundred years. The pecker- woods had found a knot hole, or some little opening, in the young tree, hastily threw in their nuts, the tree grew over them, and there they lay. With Some Historical Events. 327 Once, too, when I was up in Mendocino County, I found some boys who were playing a trick, in part, like the above. The boys had found out that the woodpeckers, in their great hurry to stow away their nuts, did not always take the pains to examine all the surroundings of their places of deposit. So the boys pleased the peckerwoods by boring holes in the gable end of their father's barn, just as nice as though the peckerwoods had done it for themselves. Then they placed nice boxes just below these holes ; and so the busy pecker- woods went to work, dropping in nut after nut, till directly the boxes were full. Then the boys carried them off, and so had plenty of nuts to roast and eat. Of the fact that both the birds and boys were smart there will be no question, but of the strict correctness of the boys in the matter, we will leave it to be debated in your polemic clubs. But now one word more about those peckerwoods and those holes they bore in the big trees, and the nuts they stow away. I have watched them at this away up in the Eel River Moun tains ; and the work they do, and the way they do it, is most astonishing. They make the holes down into the bark as by exact measurement. They then put in the nut and pack it well down. Then (up in those mountains) they get a little rock, or pebble, and they push it down tight into the hole on to the nut, so that no ordinary bird, or even the cunning squir rel, can touch it. And I have seen clusters of the pecker- woods meet and seem to be exceedingly joyful hopping, laughing and talking over their safe and beautiful deposit of nuts. To me they seemed to be saying, " Here, now, is the result of our industry and diligent work plenty of good rich nuts and if even the worms get into some of them, all the better ; for t.hen, in the Spring, these fat worms themselves will be just the nicest dish we could get to take out and give to our beautiful little young woodpeckers. Eating these fat worms, won't they nutter, and feather, and grow, ha-ha-ha." Now, in naming the losses of these industrious woodpeckers, HAPPY WOODPECKERS IX SPRING TIME. With Some Historical Events. 329 caused by a little indiscretion someway, we may say, in truth for them and in their behalf, that they do not fall a whit be hind some of our own smart business folks even our sturdy, honest miners here in California. I have seen, in travelling through some of our mining places where much money lay in great buildings and other costly im provements utterly useless, the original owners and operators having made wrong movements or calculations in some way, showing the plain fact that really man is no jnore infallible than*the birds yet the truth remains that faithful persever ance will tell in the case of both men and peckerwoods. DEAR CHILDREN : In this appendix I will write you a short chapter on " Business" The term business, as understood and employed in the Eng lish language, embraces or embodies all the employments and activities of the family of man : And, so, business may be good QY^oad. And then, it is true, that the business which is right and honest, is that, alone, which should be encouraged and prosecuted. Every honest, proper, needful business is honorable, and the owners and operators should be encouraged. Even the bootblack or the gatherer of the rags from the street, if they pursue the business honestly, soberly and industriously, having no other for the present, these are far more worthy of respect than all those boys who go around idle, profane and vicious, though even clad in fine apparel. It is equally true, too, that every business or employment which is injurious, dishonest, and hurtful, should be discounte nanced, and stopped as soon as possible, and all the owners and operators should be adequately punished, Hi the event of trying to carry on any such business ; the rule applying to either men or women, boys or girls. An honest business should bf looked to and arranged for by every youth at an early age. Good honest, industrious men 330 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; and women, boys and girls, are just the thing needed noxr to make this country this government a glorious success. For a fair sample of what I wish to express in this matter, I will here name the case of two men now living in San Fran cisco, giving a sketch of their course and the results, to our youth ; and before I am through, I will give their names and a sketch of their faces. (True, I have had to use a little sharp practice to get my engravings, but I now have them, and you, children, shall h^re the pictures.) Those two young men were in California in early times, and early in business, honest, needful business. And they worked and planned and persevered honesty and fair dealing being their watchwords sobriety, and the love and fear of God their religion, and believing in his word. They shared in many of the reverses and hard, and even dangerous, times on this coast. But they hoped, and persevered, and the truth now is, they have succeeded. Their business, in all its multiform aspects, i now a wonderful success. I believe the sober truth when I say, there is not an honest business man or firm on the Pacific coast, which is not interested in their business and its success. Indeed, the mass of the good inhabitants are thus interested as individuals and families. I tell you, children, the literal truth, that the great Pacific ocean itself, along its whole line of coast, from the great " Golden Gate" to Victoria and Seattle north, and Los Angeles and San Diego south, is now repeat edly throwing great extra waves as the result of these two men's wonderful business efforts. Yes, the staid old Pacific ocean is crying out " hurrah, hurrah, boys." If all you children could have just been with me down at at the great steamship dock this past week, I could there have shown you the literal truth of what I here tell you. There lay a wonderful ocean steamier, the great screw pro peller gently moving. Tons, and hundreds of tons of freight, of valuable freight, on board, and box after box of money and valuables being earned up the gangway. Whiib on the bean- EX-GOV. GEORGE C. PERKINS. With Some Historical Events. 331 tiful deck, and all over the great vessel, were gathering men, women and children. While on the dock, amidst a great crowd of people, these two business men were calm and easy, sober and pleasant; not even a haze or whiff of filthy tobacco smoke about either of their own heads. Seeing their calm, kind looks, I could not but believe that in their hearts they were saying: "Oh, JE HOVAH, Thou who dost control the elements, the land and the sea; guard this our good ship, and brirg her with her freight and treasure, and especially these many precious men, women and children, safely to their intended destination; all we commend to Thy care." I could hear and see, too, that prayers were going up, not from the proprietors alone, but from many other hearts. Those mothers, whose boys were kissed so tenderly, I am sure lifted up earnest prayers for God's protection and blessing. And those kind young ladies, whose tears so touchingly mingled with those of the parting brother and sister; they prayed, I know, that God would keep the dear departing ones and bring them safely back again. And if my infidel friend, who bade farewell to that beautiful daughter, kissing her so tenderly, did not pray, then I am greatly mistaken; for I think he said in his heart: " Oh, God, Thou hast all power in heaven and on earth, may I not trust this dear one to Thy care. Oh Jesus, Thou who didst still the old sea of Galilea, if the mighty storm should arise on this old Pacifiic still it and keep my daughter and take her safely into port." And if my friend did not omit, on this occasion, that stale old parenthesis " If there be a God; if there be a Jesus" then in this, too, I am greatly mistaken. The old sea captain himself, grave and s ober for these men employ no drunken captains, or drunken crews stood at his post just ready to say, "Let her go" Seeing all this, I then could no longer wonder why so great an interest is taken in these two men, and in their great steamships ; and why such stores of freight and rich treasures 332 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; are continually being put in their care. Honest, sober, faith ful business men men who recognize and worship God these are the men, after all, that business men are glad to trust that all may safely trust. These two men are now partners (associated with some others of like character), and at "No. 10" Market Street, San Francisco, may be found the names "CAPT. CHAKLES GOODALL AND GEORGE C. PERKINS." Here is Capt. Goodall's kind face and his kind letter. KEV. L. WAUGH: I have been pleased to learn that you are about to get out a second edition of your book. I have read it with much pleasure and I trust with profit. Allow me, through you, to recommend its perusal by all the boys, that they may learn the kind of boys it takes to make valuable, wide-awake, anti-tobacco consuming men. Yours truly, CHAS. GOODALL. SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 8, 1884. You have already had the pleasure of reading the kind let ter of George C. Perkins, written for us when he was Gover nor of our beautiful State, and so now here I give you his cheerful face. And I now will say to you, children all : Take encourage ment, be steady, industrious, temperate, honest and faithful. Touch no tobacco in any form ; save your money ; choose and follow some honest business ; love and reverence God, and when your life's great ship steams into port, you will find a " sweet, sweet home " in a beautiful land, where society ,will all be good, and friends need to sorrow no more or ever to part again. N. B. One thing, children, I forgot to say. It is this : You are not to understand that in anything I have said of drunkenness, or dissipating people, that you are to treat these rudely, harshly or umkindly by no means only pity them With Some Historical Events. 333 and help them if you can. Once I was deeply impressed with this truth, in hearing Miss Frances E. Willard say, in a great assembly, where I knew there were a great number of whisky- selling, drinking men, " Dear fellow men, in our efforts we are not aiming to infringe or touch a solitary item of your interests or your rights. O, no, it is your business your death-dealing business we are striving to remedy and get rid of. And why should you object ? Dear fellow men, just see what it is doing for yourselves. Your once beautiful faces, just see them now, bloated, inflamed ; noses red and distorted ; loathsome, fright ful in the extreme. Then, see these once such lovely brothers of ours reeling, frightful demons now. And those dear, lovely sisters of ours, now thrown by this, your horrid drink traffic, into irremedible disgrace and ruin. Can you blame us ? We pity you, and we would help you if we could. Oh, how true is Solomon's words : * Wine is a mocker and strong drink is raging.' " Oh, no, children. Though the whole liquor business and all dissipation is dangerous, we must treat even these, our fellow beings, as kindly as possible. A little time ago, in my own county, I was virtually stopped on the highway by one of these whisky gentlemen. The first word he said to me was : " I know you, sir, and you are the man that's traveling round and working against oar pisness" " What is your business, sir 1 " I asked. " The liquor pisness," was his angry reply. " Well," said I, "I am working to try and save the children from the ruin of that very business." His answer came still more fiercely : "Let the children go to the Devil; you are not to disturb our pisness/' I left him in a hurry ; but this is the exact spirit of the whole thing. Let the children go to the Devil, the country and the government, is now the liquor power sentiment. The Lif< j of Lorenzo \\ r visit this beautiful retreat for pleasure ; worship God. Next Fall the Annual Conference of the M. is to hold its session there. 340 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh C HURCH AND PAVILION BUILT ON THE STUMP OF THE OEIGINAL BIG TREE. This church would afford room for a preacher and a congre gation of fifty worshipers. The log near is twenty-five feet in diameter. With Some Historical Events 341 SCENES ON THE TUOLUMNE ROAD TO THE YOSEMITE. 342 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh YOS.F-.MITE FALLS, 2(>.'U FKKT HIGH. With Some Historical Events 343 a i; s 344 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh THE DEAD T ox THE OAK ROUTE. Driving a stage coach loaded with passengers through the trunk of a big tree thirty one feet in diameter, on the Big Oak Flat .Road to the Yosemite. With Some Historical Events. 346 ACROSTIC. Mamie, with this a shell you'll find A shell from the Pacific beach; Most wondrous are some shells in kind In wisdom, all, great lessons teach. Every kind is uniform; Every kind their kindred love Rejoicing all, in calm, or storm In shell-like ways they make their love. Could you but watch those shells a day- Kissing, talking, feasting free Surely, happy, you would say, Every one must surely be. Come, Mamie, dear, and here with me, Kindly scan the great shell race, Encluster'd in the mighty sea Rejoicing in JEHOVAH'S grace. Your friend from California, LORENZO WAUOH. Ontario, Ohio, July 24*,h, 1884. This friend of mine is a near relative of the noble James King of William, who was foully assassinated by J. P. Casey, in San Francisco, Cal., May 14th, 1856; the Vigilance Com mittee hanging Casey for the same,, on the 22nd of May, the same year. 346 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; ACROSTIC. Ever on the move we go, Like the rivers as they flow; Incessantly both night and day, So soon this life must pass away. Every day new cares we find, Work for body and for mind. In youth, 'tis true, we seem to be Like lambs, from cares kept free, Hoping only soon to find Every joy that cheers the mind. Little folks, then laugh and play, Make merry times throughout the day; In later times the tides of life New duties bring, and often strife, A thousand things that must be done, Hard work, and toil (but little fun). Old age comes on. How quickly, too ! Reclining feebly, death in view. Such is life in this brief state. Trust, then, in him who did create. "Man that is born of woman is of few days." (Job, xiii.) "And now abideth faith, hope, charity." (1st Cor. xiii, 13.) "No man dieth to himself." (Rom. xiv, 7.) By your friend from California, LORENZO WAUGH. St. LWM, Missouri, Aug. 17th, 1884. With Some Historical Events. 347 ACROSTIC. Etta, these lines I'll write for you, That you may still remember me. To please my friends, so good and true, A steady friend I hope to be. "Farewell the best of friends must say- Kindred with kindred part, In distant lands awhile to stay Remaining, though, still one in heart, "Kind friendship is our social sun, Perpetual blessings crown its way, And sorrows from it swiftly run The storm clouds by it pass away. Remember me, then, Etta, dear In prayer, ask God to guide and bless. Can we not meet (though no more here) Kind friends above and there caress? Your friend from California, LORENZO WAUOH. Blooming Grove, Ohio, July 25th, 1884. The mind often, when in deep thought and fervent prayer, comes in contact with strange and wonderful things, inexpli cable at the time. When the above lines were penned this beautiful girl was in the bloom of health and Christian activity. Since then she has passed over into the heavenly society. 348 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; ACROSTIC. , GOD in nature, let us view Everywhere His work we see, Rejoicing all, in union true; The heavens and earth in friendshij>free. In nature all, are ties that bind Entun'd in love, the stars they sing; Kind waters flow in drops so kind, Infusing life in everything. Rejoicing life in everything Knows and loves the blessed light. Pure air, and sunshine winter spring, AH, all in friendship true unite. Time itself stands not alone Reunion ties stretch far away, Including worlds as yet unknown Cloudless will be the eternal day. Known unto God are all his works. (Acts, .xv, 18.) By your friend from California, LORENZO WAIJGH. ^looming Grove, Ohio^ July 17th> 18&4. With Some Historical Events. 349 ACROSTIC. Here is my friend, a little boy, As happy as a boy can be, Like all good children full of joy, Delightful prospect sure has he. A mother's love, a father's care, Now guard their children night and day; Uplifted hearts in faithful prayer Receive our children, Lord, they say. Let each grow up in wisdom's ways, Imbued with truth and wisdom's gain. Now guide us all through all our days; Grant us, then, with thee to reign. The grandma, ESTHER, was my friend Over forty years gone by, May grace and mercy still attend, Prepare us all for joys on high. Kindred and friends shall we meet there In union bonds to part no more. Now fare you well, and may we share Salvation's joys on that bright shore. Your friend, from California, LORENZO WAUGH. tforwalk Ohio* July, 1886. 350 The Life of Lorenzo Wauyh: ACROSTIC. PAUL, and ADAMS names that shine; Adams as a statesman (good was he) Undaunted Paul was a divine Like one of these our PAUL may be. And, so, while young, dear Paul, be kind; Direct your thoughts in wisdom's way, And train the body and the mind Make progress thus each coming day So shall you bless the world some way. Your friend from California, LORENZO Tvpeka, Kansas, August 28rd, 1S84- ACROSTIC. Kitty, though you do not hear, It yet is happy you can see. The siyht, in part, supplies the ear Then happy still, you sure can be. Your heart can hear, as God does talk- Most loving things to yon he'll say "My child," he says, "come, with me walk- Uplift your heart with joy and pray. No child of mine should be distress'd Nor murmur, while to me so near Endeared are all. All shall be bless'd." Live joyous, then, in heaven you'll hear. Your friend from California, LORENZO WAUGH. Ontario, Ohio, July 26th, 1884. With Some Historical Events. 351 LELAND STANFORD, JR., Was born in Sacramento, California, May 14th, L868> and died in Florence, Italy, March 13th, 1884. His last earthly resting-place is in his favorite "Palo Alto," which is between San Francisco and Santa Clara, and near the line of the railroad. There may be seen the beautiful monument which parental love has erected to mark the earthly resting-place of the de parted dear and only child. "He being dead, yet speaketh." Hebrews, xi, 4. ACROSTIC. Lo! Here's a youth, come, children, see, BIJ shrined in honor none can stain; "Ltife is with him all pure and free, And far beyond all death and pain. None where he lives can ever go Deranged with drink and smoke and ahain** Sweet streams of love there ever flow, The Saviour's there and calls each name, A happy throng, and joyous place, New joys increasing as they rise, Forever feasting in God's grace. Oh! Oh! That HOME above the skies. Renewed in love, kind friends there meet, Dear children hail their parents dear, JESUS, THE CHRIST, in love, all greet. Rejoice, ye good, "OUR HOME" is near. These lines I write on the name of LELAND STANFORD, JR., in honor of that noble boy, being now in the 77th year of my age. ; and remembering, too, that his kind father and mother afforded me some help and encouragement in my work among the children in California, years before Leland Jr. was born. LORENZO WAUQH. Petaluma, Sonoma Co., Cat., March tSth. 1885. 352 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; ACROSTIC. LORD JEHOVAH, Thou hast bless'd Every stage of STANFORD'S life; Let love, and peace, and joy and rest Attend him now and his kind wife. Now in their fast declining days, Direct them in their last great plan, (So dear to them, and for Thy praise) To help the race, as money can. A training school for precious youth, Now in their love they would erect, For teaching science and all truth, Oh, God, we pray, in this direct. Restore their health; this effort bless, Direct the whole, complete, adorn. So it may bring a grand success, Rejoicing thousands, yet unborn. Amen. By your friend, LORENZO WAUGH. Now in the 79th year of my age. Still happy, having learned the great lesson given in IstThess., 5th chapter, and in the 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th verses. Menlo Park, Col., Oct. 18th, A. D. 1886. With Some Historical Events. 353 OBITUARY. "And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain, for the former things are passed away. (Rev. xxi: 4.) W A UGH. -Died, in San Francisco, August 6th, at the resi dence of her son, Mr. Wm. Waugh, Mrs. Clarissa Jane Waugh. The disease causing her death was dropsy of the chest. She was born near Mansfield, 0., February 20, 1826. For a time she was a schoolmate with General Sherman. When very young she was blessed with a sense of God's saving love, and she joined the M. E. Church. In her youth, with her father, John Edsall, she moved to Missouri. In 1841 she was married to Rev. Lorenzo Waugh, a traveling elder of the M. E. Church. With him she shared the toils and privations of the early itinerant life till the spring of 1852, when, the health of both having failed, they crossed the plains and came to California. They settled in the country, four miles from what is now the city of Petaluma. Nearly all of that delight ful and fertile country was then uninhabited. As there was no church yet built, their new home was opened as the first place, in all that region, for preaching and for social religious meetings. Here the early preachers always found a welcome home. Ever their house was a model of neatness and quiet, as well as of a generous and unostentatious hospitality. Though never demonstrative, Sister Waugh was ever ready and prepared for every needed work. Especially in cases of affliction, her alacrity and skill were apparent. Her charac ter is well expressed in the words of the wise man, " She openeth her mouth with wisdom, and in her tongue is the law of kindness." Though her sickness was for many weeks, and was very painful, her patience and resignation were truly 23 354 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; notable. The writer frequently visited her sick-room, and could not fail to observe that there the favor of God was amply bestowed. She leaves a large circle of friends. Her husband. Father Waugh, in his sad bereavement needs and, indeed, he enjoys the strong consolations, which, so often, he has im parted to others. She was truly triumphant in her death. She embraced the children, and gave them a message of dying love. Remembering the two absent sons, she said: " Pa, tell John and Henry Clay to meet me in heaven. I am going there, and I am perfectly happy." Her face was radiant, like that of an angel. On this coast the Christian veterans are fast passing away. It is pleasant to know that what Mr. Wesley said of the Methodists of his time is true of these " They die well." Mrs. Waugh was the mother of four sons and one daughter, all of whom survive but the youngest son, Franklin. He died, aged ten years. A very interesting ac count is given of him in Father Waugh's autobiography. J. J. CLEVELAND. ACROSTIC. How wondrous are God's works as seen AH varied in our journey here. Rare sights in rocks and landscapes green, Rich mining camps are also near. In grandeur great the distant peaks Enrobed in snow attract the sight; The plain in wonders vast it speaks, Nature is seen in wondrous light. How beauteous must God's domain be On which the blight of sin ne'er came. Rejoicing Harriet, oh may we New Canaan reach in JESUS' name. Written in Arizona on the train, March llth, A. D. 1886. LORENZO WAUGH. This young lady was one of J. M. Buffington's early Sab. With Some Historical Events. 355 bath-school scholars, and has been connected with fche kinder- garden work of Mrs. Sarah B. Cooper, from the beginning. We met on the train, where very endearing friendships are often formed. FATHER WAUGH. HE WRITES A LETTER TO THE CHILDREN ON HIS SEVENTY-NINTH BIRTHDAY. DEAR CHILDREN: This is my birthday. I was born in Virginia, August 28. A. D. 1808, and as there is no celebration of this event going on, I will take the time and write a letter to you children, as I am now once more with you; as the true old saying is, " Once a man and twice a child," being now, as you will see by the figures, just within 21 years of being one hundred years old. Should I be spared to live out these 21 years, all you children, if spared, will be men and women. So then I will allow you to have a celebration on my birthday, as I think it will be perfectly right for a man who lives a good life till he is 100 years old to be accepted as a man the second time. So, in this letter I will briefly tell you children how it is that I am still with you so well, so happy, and so active. And, first, my father and mother were both good, so I came into the world just right. For, I tell you, children, it makes all possible favorable difference with us to be blessed with good parents, so that we children can take a right stare in the world physically, mentally and morally. Second, through the care and training by father and mother, especially my mother I was kept from falling into any of the prevailing bad habits of the times. So that I can tell you in truth I never indulged in the use of tobacco, strong drinks, tell ing lies or profane language. I cultivated and maintained a 356 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh; good conscience, as in the presence of God and among my asso ciates, convinced that it was best to do right. And then press ing my will right up to the work, I am this day just as free and happy as it is possible for any or all of you children to Ue. My blood is pure, my heart beats free and easy, my skin is clear and my breathing pure. And so I am happily on the stretch for the hundred-year-old stake, only twenty-one more years ahead. And now, dear children, all of you just determine to make a good run. Shun all bad habits, all intemperance and dissi pation, and needless self-indulgence, and make the very best of your circumstances. Bring your wills up to the point to do right for yourselves, and because it is the best thing to do so in every aspect of the case. In conclusion, I will append my name in acrostic form, so that you may the better remember me and what I tell you to- day. ACROSTIC. Let love control in all you do; O keep your honor bright and true; Rejoice in always doing right, Bnlist while young in " the good fight," Never indulge in habits vile, Zealously shuu deceit and guile; On Grod depend, His laws obey, T^ith honor then youll win the day. ,A.nd so at last we'll share above Unbounded joys, where all is love, Good friends we'll meet, now gone before; HOW glorious there, on that bright shore I With, Some Historical Events. 357 ACROSTIC. ROSE, you are like a garden rare Of flowers; yourself the central rose; Sweet odors fill the balmy air, Exquisite buds! What charming blows! E'en every color, shade and hue, Like diamonds, in the rose appear. Its sweetness charms the sparkling dew; Sweet breezes sing, caress and cheer; All honey bees in joy draw near, Bright butterflies sail in and greet, E'en humming-birds, hum in their cheer, The children laugh as there they meet. How happy would our world soon be Gould all be trained in love so pure. Life's sorrows then would swiftly flee, Eternally would peace endure. Vain, though, indeed, this hope would be, J&xcept we stop the drinking sin; Let this be done, we then shall see A reign of glory ushered in; Nothing should swerve us when duty is plain.* Divine power will ever sustain those who do right, t Your friend, kindly, LORENZO WAUGH, Now in the 78th year of my age; was never intoxicated, and never used the filthy weed. Petaluma, Oalifomia, Dec. 18, 1885. * Acts xx: 24. t Joel ii. 358 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh ./*-K: EXECUTIVE MANSION. * WASHINGTON With Some Historical Events 369 ACROSTIC. JEHOVAH is the Almighty Father and Ruler of the universe; All the myriad worlds, moving in harmony, his love and praise rehearse. Nature and revelation both proclaim Jehovah's wisdom, power and grace Every sun and star reflects the power and love of God, as they move on in space. Living spirits by the millions talk and sing of God, as his mighty works they view, Saints and angels meet and worship God, and their heavenly journey then pursue. The heavens themselves declare the glory of God this the Holy Scriptures say And the firmament shows his handywork day and night to God their tributes pay.* Now in this mundane, fleeting, sinful state we all are mortal, born to die For a time with friends and kindred here we share then in the cold grave we lie. Our resurrection, though, is sure enrobed in garments white, the good will rise Rejoicing friends, long parted, again will meet in the sweet home above the skies. Death, while it seems a terror here, opens up for all the good a rich and glorious prize. Written for you in memory of your departed son and husband. LORENZO WAUGH. Born in Virginia, August 28th, A. D. 1808. *Psalms 19th. ACROSTIC. Esther is dearly beloved by all all who love humanity. She risks reproach and danger to get her afflicted people free. The Lord, Jehovah, is her trust and guide in all she aims to do ; Her faith in him is firm. She knows his promises all are true. Enemies fierce she sees together, planning her dear people to destroy, Reeking-and gloating in malice already flushed in vile Satanic joy. Cunning Haman heads the murderous clan, and erects a %a\\o\vs fifty cubits high. Looking upon this he says, " here, my fellows, Esther's Mordecai must hang and die; Everything is-now arranged so in all our Plans and schemes we can go ahead. View the scene, though, a little way ahead there hangs Haman, stiff, and dead. ! Every friend of Esther now is free and happly, together rejoicing with the King. Looking backward at their danger and escape, how joyously they smile, greet and sing ! All good people ever will succeed and conquer, when faithfully they do God's will. No foe can ever foil JEHOVAH he has infinite wisdom, power and skill! David slew Goliath by that power God freely supplies to all who faithtully do his will. LORENZO WAUGH. Born in Virginia, August 28th, A. D. 1808. Los Olivos, Santa Barbara Co., Cal., Feb. 28th, A. D. 1895. 360 The Life of Lorenzo Waugh ADDRESS TO THE CHILDREN. DEAR CHILDREN : When I get this edition of this book of my life through the press, it will likely be the last one I shall ever be able to get out for you, as you will see I am near my Eighty -ninth Birthday. With all my heart I wish the children to obtain all the happiness that is possible within their reach. But this I must tell you both from observation and experience, that all who rightfully expect to be happy must try to be good. They must shun that which is bad, and do that which is good. There are two evil habits now terribly prevailing among millions of our race, hurrying their subjects on to ruin, which I must name to you here the use of the filthy Indian Tobacco weed, and drinking In toxicating Drinks. Let every youth shun these as they would the teeth of the poisonous snakes, and so deter mine for themselves that they will live temperate Hues. This I have done under the faithful training of my dear good mother, and am glad I can tell you so to-day. I am glad, too, of the efforts I have made so many years to help the children. I am happy now in the prospect of meeting all the good over in the Eternal home of love. Your friend affectionately, LORENZO WAUGH. FATHKR WAUGH AND HIS (iKKAT GRANDCHILDREN, With Same' Historical Events, 361 Once with my father long ago, In old Virginia State, When in the field to plow and hoe, We found a monster great. It was a snake an awful snake A rattle snake Oh, la ! Its head was flat, its tail did shake, Arid such teeth you never saw ! My father caught him with some sticks; Then with tobacco juice, He filled its mouth, to see what tricks His snakeship would produce. And would you think they let him go And tricks, I guess, he did. Pie rolled and heaved, and tried to blow, And then lay stiff and dead ! My father is a man thinks I. For lie tobacco takes ; He smokes and chews, and yet don't die, But still it kills the snakes. But my good, dear father, Judge James Waugh, did die in the 49th year of his age, the excessive use of the poisonous tobacco weed being really the cause of his death at the time. Then, a younger brother of mine a lovely youth a successful physician, by the use of tobacco, became insane, and is now a hopeless wreck in an insane asylum in West Virginia. Can any one wonder that I advise all youths to shun the use of the poisonous tobacco weed ? LORENZO WAUGH. THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW RENEWED BOOKS ARE SUBJECT TO IMMEDIATE RECALL LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS Book Slip-10m-l,'63(D5068s4)458 vV ' Ki 2709113 Waugh, L. Autobiography^ sj Call Number: BX8U95 W327 A3 1896 3X8435 270943