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 rt"W .f^jr'^f"' * 'frM};y'^-^S:fF2'yj^Xrj(m».mJ>(tZandm .
 
 .-/ 
 
 / 
 
 r y 
 
 THE 
 
 HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES 
 
 OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY OF THE 
 
 TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM; 
 
 C O N T A I N I X G 
 
 THE WHOLE OF THOROrON's ACCOUNT OF THAT PLACE, 
 AND ALL THAT IS VALUABLE IN DEERING. 
 
 BT JOHN THROSBT, 
 
 AUTHOR OF THE HISTORY AND ANTIQITITES OF THE TOWM OF LEFCESTER, LEI- 
 CESTERSHIRE VIEWS AND EXCURSIONS, AND THE ADDITIONS TO THOROTOn's 
 NEW EDITION OF NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 - n u— ' ■ ■'"—^■»'-—— ^i^*-* 
 
 SOLD KY BURBAGE AND STRJiTTOX, TUPMAX, WILSON, AND SUTTON, XOITIXGHAMj AND THE 
 
 BOOKSELLERS IN TOWN AND CO'JNTRY. 
 
 1795-
 
 Leicejler, June ^o, 1794. ^^^Ty/ 
 
 To HAYMAN ROOKE, Efq. 
 
 Dear Sir, 
 
 F 
 
 INDING, on perufal, that my colleaions rcfpefting the town of A^or- 
 tingham and Shirwood Forefl:, intended for the additions to the new 
 edition of Thoroton's Nottinghamfiire, which I am pubhfliing, tobeoffomc 
 import to the pubUc, I have formed them into an hiftorical fcries of events ; 
 incorporating therein Thoroton's account ol Nottingham, and the fubftancc 
 of the moft material things noticed by Deering, in his hiftory of that place. 
 This compilation, or rather the fewr copies purpofely detached from the gene- 
 ral hiftory of the county, taken off on royal paper, at the rcqucft of fome 
 friends, I take the liberty of addrefling to you, (waving the ufual cuftom of 
 afking a gentleman permiflion to be complimented in public) to whom I am 
 under particular obligations for the kind affi fiance you have given me in aid of 
 my Ncttingha7njhtre labours. 
 
 This public manner. Sir, of returning you thanks for acknowledged favours, 
 I hope, you will confider as the beft teftimony of my gratitude and efteem, 
 
 / am^ Sir^ your obedient Servant^ 
 
 JOHN THROSBY. 
 
 A 

 
 SECTIONS. 
 
 SECTION I. 
 
 Tie Origin and Hijlory of Nottingham down to the Conqufjl., 
 
 SECTION II. 
 
 Its Hijlory and Antiquities continued till it became chartered or governed by 
 Miiyors, 
 
 SECTION III. 
 
 Its Hijiory end Antiquities C^c. under the government of Mayors, fuccej]lvelyy 
 down to tbeprefent time, 
 
 SECTION IV. 
 
 Religious Houfes, Churches and Hofpitals. 
 
 SECTION V. 
 
 The Earls of Nottingham. 
 
 SECTION VI. 
 
 Its prfeatf.ate. 
 
 SECTION VII. 
 Shirwood Forefl.
 
 SECTION I. 
 
 NOTTINGHAM. 
 
 SNODENGAHA M. 
 
 V 
 
 NHAPPILY the accounts of the origin of this place, like many others, (altho 
 given by men of ingenuity, penetration, and much learning ; and notwithftanding what 
 .hereafter may be written on fuch fubjefls) we may fear wi.l remain in doubt and ob- 
 Icurity. The lapfe of time has call: fuch a veil over the tranfadlions of our earlv 
 progenitors, that the venerable image of thole dillant times, which to view, througJi 
 the medium of an unclouded fun^ would be glorious, is covered with halituous vapour. 
 Man with all his boafted acquirements, in fuch purfuits, often wanders from the fmooth 
 path way into the thicket, and from the thicket into a labyrinth of perplexity and con- 
 fufion. Perhaps Deering is not much in the wrong, where he fays " the farther an 
 author retires into the dark receffes of antiquity the more he clouds his fubjed, and 
 too often renders his veracity in other particulars fufpefted." 
 
 Thoro-qn's early account of this place is as follows, 
 
 a. John Rowfe, canon ofO/ney, m his hiftory written to King Henry the Seventh, 
 ■faith, thac King Ebranc builded Nottingham upon Trent upon a dolorous hill, fo 
 called from the grief of the Brytans, of whom King Humber made there a very 
 great flaughter in the reign of Albanact. 
 
 If it was fo the Bricifh name is utterly loft, for nothing can be more manifeft than 
 that this is of Saxon original, importing a woody, or b, foreft dwelling, or habitations 
 in dens or Caves cut in the rock, whereof tiiere are very many ftill to be fecn. 
 
 This John Rov/fe, (v/ho was alfo a monk of IVari-ick as well as canon of O/J/O',) 
 whom Thoroton quotes, places the antiquity o{ Nottingham, fo high as 980 years be- 
 fore the birth of Chrift. Deering, to fliew the improbability of Kowfe's relation, re- 
 verts to the condition of the Britains in the time of Julius Cacfar, immediately preced- 
 ing the birth of Chrift; when they were found living in feat :e red huts of the fimplcft 
 formation, and almoft m a ftate of nature, particularly in the inland parts of this coun- 
 try, c. This gentleman conjeSlures tliat on account of the convenient fituation of that 
 
 A a V^'^^ 
 
 a. Ex I lift. }. Rowf. WanviccnT. h. Diftion. Sax. Scmcii. 
 c How often, even at this dillant period, Jo wc meet with wrctclicd dwellings in fonic of our villagpt, 
 but litile better tiwn thofe delcribcd by Cxfar. Two parallel dirt walls, a dirt lloor and lluichcd 
 roof conftitute the abode that fheltcrs human forms, almoft without cloalhing, fjom the inclcmcnl fc»- 
 •fons of each revolving year.
 
 X THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AKD COUNTY 
 
 part of the forefl-, which lies near the town of Nottingham, or on the fite of the pre- 
 fcnt town, there might have been formed colonies of the Britons, " where they were 
 " cherilhed by a warm fouthern air as well as plentifully provided with water." 
 
 Other ;'.ccounts, which have but little to fupport them, would have us underftand 
 that a Britilh King, whofe name was Coilus, was buried here about a thoufand years 
 before the Ciirillian arra. However no one can doubt but that the rock-apartments 
 which have been difcovered near Nottingham, and thofe ftill vifible, are monuments of 
 men's labour at very diftant ages. a. 
 
 Dr. Deering, in his introduftion to the hiftory o( Nottingham informs v.s, that the 
 then Lord Middleton, about the year 1740, from motives truly laudable, caufed an 
 hollow-way between two fand hills to be levelled, which flood near rl;- entrance 
 of the town on the Derby road. The labourers, having removed a great portion ot 
 land from one of thofe eminences, found here and there a folid rock which, in fome 
 parts, appeared like partition v/alls of fevcral rooms, cut out of the rock. " i hefe," 
 he fays, " having no mark of Roman contrivance, nor any thing being found there 
 t3 give room to fuppofe it, I take to be Britifh." To fupport this conjefture he brings 
 another not more plaufible : which is that becaufe the /and which covered thcfe 
 llippofcd rocky dwellings mud have been carried hither, it was taken from the rock 
 on which the town flands in forming the vaults, cellars, &c. of that place. The bcfc 
 fupport of his opinion, I think, is that where he fays tliat thefe habitations, aad others 
 that have been difcovered under fimilar hills, are all without the boundairt-s of the 
 old wall, made in the Saxon's time by Edward the Elder, when he fortified this 
 place. But this, till it be proved that thofe hollows in the rock, were ev^er hu- 
 man abodes, mud rank with other opinions of writ'.-rs, to ufe his own words, " who 
 " are fond of the marvellous," and '-'have recourfe to the fertility of their ov.'n brains." 
 The rock-holes in the park, near Noitingham, clofe to the river Leen, are defcribed 
 thus by SruKELEY. A rcprefentation of which is annexed. 
 
 " One may ca.Ciiy guefs (fays the Doftor) Nottingham to have been an ancient town of 
 the Britons ; as foon as they had proper tools they fell to work upon the rocks, Vi hich 
 every where offer themfelves fo commodioufly to make houfes in, and I doubt not here 
 was a confiderable colleflion of colonies of this fort ; that which I have defcribed in 
 p'ati 39. will give us an idea of them ; 'tis in the Duke of Newcaille's park : What is 
 vifible at prefent, is not of fo old a date as their time, yet I fee no rcafon to doubt but 
 it is formed upon theirs. — This is a ledge of perpendicular rock, hewn out into a church, 
 houfes, chambers, dove-houfes, tie. The church is like thofe in the rocks of Bethle- 
 hem, and other places in the holy-land i the altar is natural rock, and there has been 
 painting upon the wall, a fteeple I fuppofe where a bell hung, and regular pillars; the 
 river winding a'oout makes a fortification to it, for it comes at both ends of the clifF, 
 leaving a plain in the middle, the way into it was by a gate cut out of the rock, and 
 with an oblique entrance for more fafety ; without is a plain with three niches, which I 
 
 fancy 
 
 *'hl!'^'"^"^^*"''r'^''"'?^""'''"°''''"g^"'^'°f"^°n'"^'°" of 'l^-^ Saxon v.-ori Snotttvrraham, fo called 
 b .a.ion mw/'""^ I "a" ='"'' P^ffl'S" under ground, which the ancients for the,? reaeat and ha- 
 render ',h. S ""■ A ^t^ '°'''' "^"^"^ fouth parts, toward the river i»„/, whenceit is that alTe.tion
 
 OF THE TOWM OF KOTTIN'CHAM, 5 
 
 fancy their place of judicature, or the like ; there is regularity in it, ami it frcms to rc- 
 femble that fquare called the Temple in the Pidilh caille, plate j8. in Scaland. Be- 
 tween this and the caftle is an hermitage of like worUmanlhip." 
 
 Various have been the opinions of this '< ancient pile of building," qs DrEnmc is 
 pleafed to call it. Thefe hoilows in the rock are called by tin- people of Noll:>:gham, 
 generally, PapiOi-Holes, a. they are formed, but not built, and have the appearance of a 
 ruin of magnitude, deftitute ofdefign : they neither afford the mind an idea of grandeur 
 nor fimplicity. Here tlie chifel feems to have attempted fomething and there nothing. 
 There is not any thing, upon the whole, to gratify or difgull. Art appears to have 
 deftroyed the effefts of nature; or rather, together, they have formed an hermaphro- 
 diticalrock on a fite pidlorial.-— Of the town-wall and ditch Deering tiuis fpcaks. 
 
 Edward the elder for the better fecurity and defence of this place, incircled it with 
 a flrong wall, about the year of Chritc 910. And William 1. in the fecond year of his 
 reign did build a caftle on the fame rock where the old tower flood. The wall of tlic 
 to-.vn did join the outer wall of the caftle and thence ran Northward to Chappel Bar. Of 
 this are manifeft footfteps remaining. About the midway between the caftle and Chap- 
 pel-Bar in part of the ditch v.here now arefervoir is made, (of which in another place) 
 are fome ruins ftill to be feen of a poftern which was erk.'(51:ed in obedience to a precept 
 of Henry III. dated Oftober i8. 56 Henry III. whereby he commands " his bai 
 " liiFs and huvgcffes o{^ NoUingbam without delay to make a poftern in the wall of the 
 " fliid town, near the caftle towards Len/cn, of fuch a breadth and height tiiat two armed 
 <•' horfemcn carrying two lances on their ftioulders might go in and out, where William 
 " Archbiftiop at' 2'ork had appointed it, who made the King underftand diat it was cx- 
 " pedient for him and his heirs, and for the caftle and town." From this Poftern a 
 bridge went over the town ditch, which place though now filled up as well as the whole 
 ditch between this andChappel-Bar, bears to this day the name of Bofton-Bndge a cor- 
 ruption of Poftern Bridge. The ditch itfclf is now converted into kitchen gardens, and 
 is called at this tiine Butt-Dyke, from fome neighbouring butts v/here the townfmen 
 ufed to exerciie themfelves, in ftiooting at a mark with bows and arrows. 
 
 From Chappel-Bar farther North and round to the Eaft, the true ancient wall is ncc 
 to be traced above ground, however, there are very old pcrfons ftill living, who being 
 labourers have within thefe 20 years, met when digging, vv'ith that old wall in diflcrent 
 places, and by what they have fliewn me, I may reafonably conjefture that from the Bar 
 it went flanting through a clofe called Roper's clofe and the next to it, thence crofTmg 
 the Mansfield road, along behind the North of the Backfide, crofs Boot- Lane by or un- 
 der a fummer-houfe called Dr. Greave's furnmer-houfe, through a clofe called Panier 
 clofe crofs the North road and Back-fide excluding the Floufe of Corrcdion, along part 
 of Coalpit-lane and through a cherry orchard at prefent the property of John Sherwin 
 Efq. and on the outfide of two clofes belonging 10 the fame gentleman, where a ditch 
 is obferved to run towards the N<;wdrk road, thence it mounted again and crolTing at the 
 end of Cartergate, extending VVcftward along the rock by the coal-yard to the Hollow- 
 Stone, where a portion of the wall was lately vifible. The Hollow-Stone being a nariow 
 pafTage cut out of the rock, the South entrance into the town, was fecured by aftrong 
 
 port 
 
 a. In the time oF the civil wars, in the lad century, it is fald, that the carliament's forces dcrtroycJ a part 
 of them a& being relics ot popery, Dr. Salmon fuppofcs them to have been Britilh llovc-hoiiles for 
 grain.
 
 ^ HISTORY or THE TOWM AND COUNTY OF 
 
 port cuHil-c, of which not long ago there were plain marks to be feen ; within tins gate 
 on heTf^ hand going »p to ti?e town, juft tarni.g the elbo .v of the Hollow4lone, there 
 °"s a cavic^' cut mto the rock, able to hold ab )uc 20 men. with a nre place m it and 
 bcnche. fued, bi-fides a ftair-cafe cut out of the fail" rock ; this had been a guard-houfc. 
 and th" ftair cafe leading up to the top of the rock, was for centinels to fpy the enemy 
 av a d.ltance ; this no doubt was of good krvia to the parliament party during the civil 
 war if it w s not cont. ived by them A little farther up the HoUow-ftone, againft and 
 upon the rock there Hood an Iioufe the property of his grace tlie Duke of A/«?J/o«. who 
 tipjn application made to him, has given leave to the corporation to pull it down, 
 b 'in<» gonerouQv willinrr to forward their defign of making the hollow-ftone a more gra. 
 duaKiefcent and enhrguig the South entrance into the town, fo that two or more car- 
 rianes may conveniently [>2i(i each other, to which purpofe men were fet to work on 
 Tu'efday the i -th of D'.-cember 174-0, and this ufeful and pleafant way into the town was 
 compleatcd in a few weeks. On the top of the rocks on the left fide of the paflage mto 
 NotlinilMH town, the workmen metv/ith a portion of the town-wall, the (tones of which 
 were fo well cemented, that the mortar exceeded them in hardnefs. Hence the wall 
 extended itfelf along Short Hill and the High Pavement, at the lower end of which it 
 rum dawn a hill called Brightmore-Hill. and at tiie bottom forms an acute angle, and 
 runs adin up Mont-lane, in a kind of a curve to the Week-day-Crofs; both thefe paf- 
 iagcs are open, and it is difficult to gueis how they were formerly fecured, or whether 
 they arc of' a more modern dare, as well as the Long-ftdrs by Malin hill The wall 
 continued along behind the houfes of the Middle - Pavement and over againft Bndlefmith- 
 gatc, there ftood an ancient poftern,'cill within thefe 10 years, on the Eaft fide of which 
 where now the Bull's head is, was a gatehoufe, where a guard was kept, as is to this day 
 plainly to be feen; on the VVeft fide ftood an houfe formerly called Vout-Hall, :j: once 
 the manfion houle of the family of the Plumptre's, after in the polTenion of Alderman 
 Drury, whof.' eldeftfon Mr. WiUiam Drury, {old it to Mr. Gawchern, the prefent pro- 
 prietor. From this gate the wall goes to Lifter gate the bottom of the Lrnv-Pavement, 
 where tho' built upon, it is ftill vifible in divers places. Here, I mean at the end of 
 Lifter-o-ate, cer againft Peter-lane, in the remembrance of fome old perfons were to be 
 feen the marks of a (lone gate leading towards the river Leen. From hence the wall on 
 account of the buildings in Caftle gate is quite hid, but it fcems more than probable, 
 that it went along the South fidj of Caftle gate, including St Nicholas's church-yardj and 
 forun upon the rock Weft to join the caftle near Brewhoufe-yar '. Infomuch that Car- 
 ter'^ate, Fifliergite, the Narrow and Broad-Marfli, and all other ftreets and buikiings, 
 b 'tween the meadows and the South roc'c of the town, made a fuburb. And this is 
 what I have been ."ble to gither concerning the ancient v/all of this town, which was 
 built f) long ago as 830 years. But I fliould not forget to take notice of a wall of lefs 
 antiquity which runs from Chappel Bar in a ftraight line Northward to Coalpit-lane and 
 excluded part of the ground between Chappel- Bar and Broad-lane. This wall is plainly 
 
 difcernable, 
 
 J. It had its na;ni from very large vaults which wire under it, where in the time of the (laple 
 nf Calais, great q-a.intities of wool iil'id to be lodged. In one of thel'c vaults, in the reign of King Charles 
 11 ihi dillcntcrs privately met for the exercife of their religion, as they did after the aftof toleration pub- 
 licly, in a houfc at the upper end of Pilchergate, which is fincc pulled down, and a new one built in its 
 roon, the properly and prefent manfion houfe of John Shervvin, Efq. this place on account of Mr. Whit- 
 1 jck's anl Reyu jld's (dilpliced ■.niniiler of St. Mary's) officiating in it, obtained tlic by-nami of Little St, 
 Man-'s.
 
 THE TOWN OF NOTTIKCHAM. m 
 
 difcernible, It ferving for a foundation to many houfes between the gate and Cow-lane, 
 and where now a middle row of houfes is built at the end of Cow-lane, dicre ftood a gate' 
 facing the North, and the town wall is ftili to be ii:cn in the cellars of thefc iioufcs. Pro- 
 bably this wall was erefted in Henrv II. reign, after Robert Duke of Glcucejler had 
 demoliflied it, in the war between King Stephen and Emprefs Maud. Deering. 
 
 Before we pafs to the hiftory of times, in which we are lefs liable to be deceived 
 either by artifice, conjedlure, or romance, it may net be amifs to remark that there 
 appears fome injuftice inoppofing reafon to relation, which is often done of tranfiflions 
 handed down to us of thefe remote times; particularly by thofc who live at this diftant 
 period. Have not the moll wonderful things come to pafs, in our day, which have 
 aftonilhed the world, that even nothing fliort of a fupernatural power had the leafl reafon 
 to fufpeft ? of fuch an enormity are they, of fuch a long condnuance, and in fuch a ti- 
 pid fucceflion have they followed each other, thatpofterity will unwillingly give credit to 
 the recital. And yet, forfooth, becaufe we meet with fome relations ofannent times, ia 
 hiftory or tradition, which agree not with our calm reafoning in a clof-t, we muft rejed 
 them as romance or fable. Many things which we meet with in early llorv, were as 
 much likely to have happened as the aftonifhing events which have recently taken place 
 in Europe, die moft enlightened part of the world, where philofophy was to have ereft- 
 ed a paradifc, and reidbn fliut out crimes. But alas, what has it done ? It has made a 
 human (laughter houfe of one of its grand divifions, and deftroyed the glorious fabric of 
 religion ; and with it thofe comforts which fupport declining life, in t.he profpcd of a 
 glorious eternity 1 
 
 It undoubtedly appears flrange, that men of the prefent day fliould poflefs art and d- 
 gacity, fufficient to give us better information of events, which happened a thoufand 
 years fincc, than thofe who lived five cr fix centuries ago, and v/ho were undoubtedly 
 as folicitous to come at truths perhaps as we are at prefent. What a clamour is fomc- 
 times raifed up againft Monks and other learned men, who have given us teilimonies 
 of certain fifts they have related, from /iw? accepted evidence, and often from their 
 own knowledge. Truth, all muft allow, is lovely and defirable ; bur, I am afraid, we 
 have little lefs temptation and inclination to deviate from that defirable objeft than our 
 anceftors. As to impofiticn, in t/iis our boaftcd enlightened time, we find fome men 
 wittily apt at, and others as credulous in receiving, us thofe in days of yore. VVitncfs 
 the trick, a few years fince, played off" upon the learned body of Antiquaries with the 
 Hardicanute-ftone. I mean this as no refleftion upon that body of gentlemen to v/hom 
 the world, I am perfuaded, are under conG(ierable obligations. For my own part, I 
 am confident, that I am pofreflTcd of too fmall a portion of antiquarian knowledge to op- 
 pofe tricks of much lefs credibility. 
 
 NoUinghf.mJhire, before the Roman invafion, conftitutcd a part of the portion of Bri- 
 tain inhabited by a race of men called the Ccriti'.ni. 
 
 Proceed we now to the times of the Romans, when this country bccarne fubjecfl to 
 imperial fway; leaving the uncertainty of prior events to the difculTion of thofe, whofe 
 penetration makes rocks and mountains fubfervient to their will. 
 
 The learned Dr. Gale, Dean of2'i;r^, in his Commentaries upon Antoninus' Itinerary 
 
 thro*
 
 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY 
 
 thro' Britain, places GAusEVNiC at Nottingham, a. This rout of Antoninus is from 
 DuROLiroNTE to AcELOCuM i. c. from Gornianchejler to JJttleburgh. Baxter places 
 Grantham in this route inftead of Nottingham, thus : 
 
 Antoninus. 
 
 DlT.IOLlPOMTE. 
 
 durobrivis 35. m, 
 Causennis jo. 
 
 l.INDOM 26. 
 
 AcELOCUM 14. 
 
 Total 105. 
 
 Gale. 
 
 Gormanchefter. 
 Brigc after ton 35. 
 No'tingham 30. 
 Lincoln 16. 
 
 Uttkburgh 14. 
 
 105. 
 
 Baxter. 
 Gormanchefter. 
 M. Cafter il. M. 
 
 Grantham 24. 
 Lincoln 26. 
 
 Littleburgh 15. 
 
 85. 
 
 Altho' Gale perfeifbly agrees with Antoninus, withrefpeft todiftance, and Baxter dif- 
 fers materially; yet diftance is not at all times to be depended upon. But where dif- 
 tdncc nearly agrees with the Roman admeafurement, and the place fixed upon abounds 
 with Roman rehcs ; fuch as coins, pottery &c. there is but little reafon to doubt of that 
 being a Ilation. But I cannot reconcile myfelfto Dfm«^'^ opinion that " antiquarians 
 Ihould have fome exadt (landard to go by, they fliould either infift upon diftances and 
 marks of antiquity together, or lliould at leafl: hold to diftances." This feems to carry 
 abfurdityon the face of it; the contrariety of judgement among the learned evince it ; 
 for fome who have cholen diftance as their infaliible guide, have been flatly contradifled 
 by others, who regardlcfs of diftance, fix on places where nothing but marks of Roman 
 antiquity are to be found to fupport their affertions, and vice verfa. There is reafon, 
 doubdefs, to .Support opinions where a place fixed on, is not at any confiderable diftance 
 from the line of the route, and where evidences abound; but when a fite is chofen which 
 leaves the line at a material diftance, with fcarcely a fingle teftimony of antiquity to fup- 
 port the choice, its agreeing with diftance alone, will appear, to every unprejudiced 
 mind, a weak foundation for opinion or conjedure : the fuperftrudture built thereon, 
 muft fall with the firft contending power. We may therefore reafonably conclude, that 
 tlie pretenfions oi Nottingham to Roman honours are but flightly fupported. Ingenuity 
 and learning, v/hcn combined, are infufficient to imprefs the mind with ideas favourable 
 to an hypothefis of this fort. 
 
 Thoroton 
 
 a- Caulcnnasitaq ; lego, per iVlas atifem intelligo Nottin<'Jiam. De ilia Cambdenus : " A pisemptis Saxis 
 in aullrali parte; fluviolurn Liiium de (pcaatet Caftrcim' fublime in rupe furg t. Nee dubito quin operola; 
 illu; crvpt.-c concamcrationes, caverna; fublcrraneae c vivoSaxo excifc, romanam Icquanturmagnificen- 
 liam, uli lU ilia; alw qux Dcva: ct Hinc Sllurum cclcbrantui eoldcm Authores habucnnt, add,-, his luppu- 
 talioricm diltdnlia;, a Cauf-.-niiis ad Durobiivas [Nottingham et Bridgcajicrton) pulchre cum.numeris An- 
 tomni roncordarc, uti eliam cum illis quos inter Cauiennas at Lindum local. Caufennis aliter Gaufcn- 
 nis rctlms Gofcnnis vel Govcnnis. Ccven ct Govennx et Covennae funt rupes conglomciala:. In Co. 
 mitatii Lboracenfi rupcs propc Otie'v dicuntar the Cheven. In illo C.-.ntii, oppidum Savennoc ?. f. 
 l.hcvcnnoc ito dicit.ir a vicinis coUilius. Gevcnnus eft turn mons turn fluvius in agro Monmouthenfi 
 undcl^obamum Anton no. Saxonib.is fuit oppidum hoc Snottaii-Jiam Speluncarum Domus. Britannis 
 in ant.quis K.att vcl Kaou Cavcrna. Si itaq ; minus arrideat conjedura noftra qua= Gauvennas a Ceven 
 
 ticdi 
 
 JCduxil, origincm ilHus diftionis a Kaft' vel Kaou petas licet quod non minus lioftram confirmabit Sen 
 eniiam de Uiu hujus btaiionis. Iter Bilianniarum Coraraentariis illuftratum. 1709. p. 95. 96. 
 
 CaU,
 
 w -niz Towx or ^oniscii.wi. 
 
 . TuoROTOM obfcrves, and pevlups jiifUy, th.u if it were a place of not- in tiiv^ nrc 
 ceding the Saxon?, its name mull have been loll, fir mtkiiig, lie ohicrves, c.n be more 
 mamfeft than that this plau- is of Saxon original, vnporling a ivcodv, or fvrejl du.<e!!irf or 
 hahisatioH in dens or caves cut in the r:ck, zvhde.'f there are vcrv ni.viy Hill to befeeu. " 
 
 Deerin'g, in his introduiftion to his hiilory oK Notiin-^ham^ f.iys "' J he Sax:)ni who were 
 next poUt^florsof'Britain, aft;>rds us a more futisflidtory account concerninfr our town 
 and tho' liiftory does not furnilh us widi tic name of the founder, or thct-xadt year it 
 was begun to be built in ; yec all our bed liiltorians agiee, that it was a conliJerablc 
 place in the 8th century, provided with a ftro.ig tower, that it was called by the Saxons 
 in the time of the Heptarchy Snodengaham as \ir. 'I'hokotom has it, or ratluT Sr.oHn- 
 gaham from Suoltenga Caves, and Ham Mome or Dwelling pla:e. Cairci. n and oilirri 
 gives us a Britilh tranflation of it, viz. 'Ttd ogo bam, or more n<rlu!y as Mr. Baxter has 
 it. Din ego vaiic qk Din ogobocc, which however none pretends to be the ancient Britilh 
 name. This Saxon name was doubtlefs given to it by that people, from the condi.ion 
 tliey found the neighbourhood in, before they themfclves made improvements by build- 
 ing. _ It belonged to the kiiigdom of Mercia, and a part of tliat kingdom took afterwards 
 in King Alfred's reign, its name from this town Snotier.gaham-Saie, koiv Nottti;<^'>^am • 
 fcircy 
 
 ' Before I proceed to the time of the Saxon Kings of all England, I mull take notice 
 that in feveral parts o^ Not-t-inghar.', flruAures of a very confidrrable extent, arched in a 
 regular m.inner, and fipported by columns with carved capitals, ijrc. fram:^d for j;!aces 
 cfworilTip, hewn out of the rock, have been dilcovered by workmen when dif»;'inf' fjr 
 fbundaci)ns, with very obfcure entrances, hardly to be fufpeded, and alio othrr al>irt- 
 menti forlvdging places, fucli v/ere obferved under tiiverfe hou.'es on the row, on the 
 fouLh-fi le of the g^ea: Market place called Timber-Hill, and one Ed.var.1 GodJard, a 
 bricklayjL- yec living, alfures me, th.ir v/hen he was an appren:ice bring at v;ork on the 
 Eaft-fiJe of the Weekday-Crolij, he there got in:o one of thefe fibrerraneous fibricks, 
 which he found f ippjrced and adorned wicli pillars as has been mentioned, and that he 
 made his way f.-om one fpacious place to another till he came as far as the upper end r)f 
 Pilchergate, and under a fir.all dole a: prefent t!ie property of John Sherwin, Ef].. onu 
 of his Majeily's Juflices of the peace fjr the county of Nottingbar.! at large, and op-70- 
 fite to his dwelling houfe : he the laid Goddard lays, that in one ofthefe places, he 
 foumi a vs(;oilen cup and a wooden can, which feemed to be found and wliole, but 
 that wiien he cook hold of them, they moulderetl into dull. Thefe places being of the 
 Gothic or.ler, I conjecfLure to have been contrived in the time of the Heptarchy, v,-hen 
 the Danes who were Pagans, made frequent inroads into the kingdom of Mercia, v.'here 
 they in a more extraordinary manner exercifed their cruelty upon Nuns and l-'iiars, 
 and indeed Chriftian Priefts of all kinds. To thcfe they might in time of danger betake. 
 themhlves as places of refuge, and where they mignt exercile tiieir religfjijo iu.ic::ions, 
 without being expofed to the fury of thofe perfecutir.g idolaters." 
 
 " Edward Senior, between 919 and 924 according to Marianus Scorns did build a 
 Bridge over the Trent, and on the other fide a little town over-.ngrjnlT:. t!ie old town of 
 ?\ottiiigham, now called Briagefird a." la 
 
 a TiiOnoroN, p. 6z Iccnis to lie lomcvvhat ino l-.nl'y in taking up Mr. CaTr.dcn for favinf; it was /?r^.;f. 
 ford vvhicii Eou-ARD ihc elder buiU over a;jrin[l .WUinghiMi; -h:s wwJs aic ihci'c ; " iliat niiglii liUoiy 
 
 Ctioajjh
 
 lO THE niSTOnv OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY 
 
 In another place in his introduaion is this paflagc ; " For my part if I confidcr that the 
 Folic way is on the South of the river rrent, and that the Romans always made their 
 Vdlkim on the South-fidc and where the ground was rifing, I can hardly foibear think- 
 ing tnat there was a ftation in that neighbourhood, where now IVefl-Bridgifcrd (lands,. 
 (aTmolt directly ovcr-againft Nottingham,) a litde town not built till many ages after,, 
 and thit from the rcmaHcablenefs of the many caves in the oppofite rock they might 
 qive the (lation the name of Caufcnnas or Caufenna:, and what feems to ado to my 
 conjefture, is what Dr. Stukely informs us of, that one Mr. Cooper, a man of 72 
 vearsofage, told Mm, that there was found at /^/^eri a pot of Roman coins, a town 
 \vhicli lies on the fame fide of the river, and at a very little diftance from Bridgeford, 
 the high road only, parting tlie parifhes." 
 
 We find in Dr Deerinc's appendix, page 286, fome very fenfible and judicious 
 remarks, made by a gentleman relating to Dr. Gale's opinion, that Nst/inghum was .x 
 Roman Station, o'ccafioned by his perufal of Deering's introdudVion. Thcfe remarks, 
 altiio' conneifled with them, there be fome extra matter, I cannot withold from tl;e public. 
 
 " Concerning Roman remains, I have never yet met with any tiling to induce me to be- 
 lieve there arc any. And Dr. Gale's endeavours to fix Antoninus's Caufcnna; at Not- 
 tingham have not at all been agreed to by later writers, viz. Baxter, Stukely, Sal- 
 mon', HoRSELY. His fubterraneous cavities you juftly difallow to have any of the Ro- 
 man tafte in them ; and there are no appearances of a Roman road leading from the 
 fouthward to Nottingham, or from Lindum (^Lincoln) northward.. Nor perhaps has the 
 doctor any advantage over IMr. Baxter, from the number of miles in the iter : If I un- 
 derftand you right, the miles you fet down f.orn Mr. Baxter are the prefent com.puted 
 miles ; and antiquaries by comparing thcfe with miiles in the itinerary in places about 
 which there are no doubts, have found that the idnerary miles are to be computed moft 
 commonly at 4 to 3, bilt fometimes at 5 to 4, and according to this laft reckoning 105 ia 
 the itinerary make 84 computed mik-s, which is within one of your number fom 
 Baxter." 
 
 " Ifby the arguments which have been brought againflDr. Gale, Nottingham hs thrown 
 out of the iter, they will hold equally ftiong againlt Dridgeford's being in the iter. And 
 as to its having been a ftation, if ever it was one, it muft have been only afiatio ^fiiva, 
 as it lies a confiderable diftance from any military way; but as there are no indications 
 remaining of any ftation thereabouts, except the pot of money found at IVilfcrd; the evi- 
 dence fcems too night to prove one ; and cfpecially confidering that Dr. Stukely is a 
 man extrem.ely liable to miftakes T have not his book here in tlie country, but I re- 
 member three f om amo.-igft feveral, that have fallen accidentally under my obfervati- 
 6n. In fpeaking of the garden in Stoney ftreet, he mentions it as belonging to one 
 ]-iurft, a name never heard of there ; he fays that at Chefier there are but four churches,. 
 
 ■when 
 
 " cnou.;h be, if that was not mUlakcn For fome buildings, which mav h.ive been within KdUn.^ham on 
 •' ihc louth luic ot Ii-.nt, where ihcrc is gro.ina enough within the' limits of it, near the Hndgc-end 
 •• for luch a purfofc ; and I ratiier hifpca it, hccaufe before the Saxon govenimeut was chanaed I 
 " ftml tirut^ctofd a Member of C l:lljn loc and not of Aottin^iUm. &c." Stow is exnrefs that Ed w ^\ a 
 tKc elder, b.iilta new town over againft the old town of A'Mwgha;,:. and a BridM over tlie '7 ra,t be. 
 tween the two t nvns. A few i'raghng houfes which onlv mav have been, cannot wiih anv colour be 
 cMv<i J, town, and a town being built nppohte to XotU„;i/:vn, does no wa^■s infer that it mull needs be- 
 Joiif; io,\UUn,,hum, bchdes .\oU.ngt.a^. has t,o. ground enough to bulM a town upon near the end of the
 
 OF THE TOWN- OF N'OTTINCHAM. ,| 
 
 vviien I was there, I had ten named to me, cxclufivc (I think) of St. CJiiolSi, 
 which is in a crols-ifle of tlie catliedral, fcparatcd fiom the rcfl by a flight pairition * 
 and in feme editions of Camden's Britannia it is exprcf-ly Hiid Chcficr hab tJcvin parifh- 
 cs. In defcribingthe flimous infcription on Julius Vit:;llis's tomh flone at Rath, the 
 dodor gives a reading of one part of it, which is not only diiTcrcnc from what plainly 
 appears there, butinconfiftent with any fenfc of grammatical conl>ruftion." 
 
 " Thefe inftances fliew how fuperficial an obfci ver lie v/as ; antl therefore in this ac- 
 count of the pot of nnoney, I Ihou'd be glad of a little farther fuibfia ion, as whether ihc 
 old man who told him of it, was one who could dilVinguifli roman from any other anci- 
 ent coin, and indeed whether he named any fort of coin at all, hut upon itsbcin;^ found 
 in a potj the doctor's own ftrong imagination, full of antiquarian ideas, might prcfcntly 
 convert the pot into an urn, end the money into rom.an coin." 
 
 " Upon which I took the liberty with all due fubmifiion to offer to that moft judicious 
 
 gendeman's farther conGderacion,, This Reply :" 
 
 " 1 readily agree that J) r. Stukelv commits many errors, where he has only caft a 
 tranfitory eye upon places and things, or not maturely weighed every circumftanrc. I 
 could mention a number of miltakes, beiidcs tliolcyou have pointed out, one only iliali 
 fuffice at this time, which if it is not a wilful one, fliews the utmoft degree of indolence. 
 ■He fays pv 1 13. That below Rochelier bridge there lie about 50 of our biggeft firf^ rate 
 men of war: when by alking any common failor he might have been inloinK-d, that uc 
 have but feven of that rate : Yet in other places where he has bellowed due attention, 
 his obfervations are not to be flighted, which I take to be likewifc your opinion of the 
 doctor, fince among other late writers you are p'.eafed to make ufe of his name againll; die 
 dean." 
 
 " For my part I always read him witli caution, as appears by fome of my notes, which 
 probably may have elcaped your notice. So muck of the doHor." 
 
 I frankly confcfs. I never yet could find any roman remains at XoHinghaKiy (tho' I 
 have feen a confiderable number of roman coins, faid to be found in the p?.rilh of Plum- 
 trc) but I may notwithftanding be allowed with fome eminent antiquaries. Dr. Plot, 
 So.nnr;-, and others, to be of opinion that dhtancc, and the neighbourhood of military 
 ways are not very flight proofs. All antiquaries agree that Eaft- Bridge for a v;as a romaji 
 llation ; tliey alfo allow that the dillance from one ftation to another is commonly ob- 
 ferved to have been 8, 9 to 10 mile-s, this being granted, would not one realonably con- 
 jefture our Bridgeford conveniently fituated near the river -Trent, and not quite 5 itinerary 
 miles N. W. of the Foffe-tvay, and between 8 and 9 itinerary miles diftant from the 
 other Bridgeford, to have alfo been a ftation r The diftarice from the h'cffe-ivny ought not 
 to be looked upon as a g.'-eat one, for the Romans did not always place thei"- lladons 
 near their roads as is plainly apparent in Littlehurah, which lies upwards of 9 computed 
 miles N. \V. of the Roman highway, and would perhaps not have been made a ftation 
 had it not been ficuated io near the river Trent, which lame reafon favours our Bridge- 
 ford, and if befides the pot of coin Dr. Stukely fpeaks of, fliould prove to have been 
 Roman, our title wiil not be fo weak as it may at firft appear ; nor is it very improbable, 
 if we confider that the roaian coins found about EaJlBridgc/crd and elfewhere arc ;iioll 
 of them brafs, pretty large, and thick, and the Britifli and Saxon coins generally linaller 
 and diinner, and moft of the latter filver or mixed metal, and that they are commonly 
 
 found 
 B z
 
 7 a, 
 
 r' 
 
 12 THE rirSTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY 
 
 found fcatUTcd and in fmall quantities, and fcldom in pots or urns ; to which if we addj 
 that upon lindiny this pot, doubtl^f, divers people were acquainted witli it, and the cler- 
 gyman of the p.uilh, or fome perlbn more knowing than the old man, might have told 
 him that the coin was roman." 
 
 '•' As to what relates to die miles, you will find upon examination that Gale and Bax- 
 ter ufe much the fime mcafure, be they therefore itinerary or computed one.'-, the dea« 
 in this particular holds the fame advantage over Baxter as before, and conlcqr.ently it- 
 does not clearly appear that Nottingham \i fairly thrown out of the iter." 
 
 " In order to be the better fatisficd, which of thefe two learned gentlemen's con;e6lur2 
 is ihc bcft ;ounded, it will not be amifs to let Mr. Baxter fpeak tor himfeli-: />. 65. he 
 lays : 
 
 Canler.nis: Ita enim aiifus/um reponere in /Intonino pro I'itiufo Canfmnjs vel Gaujennis ut 
 eSu'it fun'.criis, qucd nihil ejfe neccjfeeft. Solute qui^jcripjcret cant en (vel an) ifc, Jive nmhi- 
 tus vel fic.\Hrii a]u.e. iUc urhs bcciic GrnKtham ejt in mcjorib:.s icenis free JJndenJi caiVciilu, 
 'SiquiJcin idem fciial p.ritunnis Crcmt quod i^ Cr.nt ficutijuyra docitimus id vccj r.d Tavui: 
 Et Gr,xntham eti.^K ih'ida ccrip'filicnt' prcfcrti'.r pro Grant azon. ymnisfci.ictt c«;zv?/-.' 
 
 " Kow having let downtime opinions of thefe two authors in their own v;ok1s, cr.c 
 ftandj thu:, :" 
 
 " Dr. Gale with a very fmall and .-.llowable alteration, chan£;es Caifcr/n-ss \r'.'ioCa:if:Kuas, 
 and without (training makes the etymology fiiit Nutlinghcn, he fupports this opinion bv 
 making hi-, diltances agree with the idnerary, befides which it may be laid in uvcur of 
 him, that the llarion, Kcjl-Bridgefurd,. is at a proper diilance for j\'cit.'i,i^i:-am ox Iv'ijl 
 Brid^efcrd cxihitr, to be likcv.ife one, and that the l-iffe-'xa'i coming from Lindv.m (Lin- 
 coln) run3 at an inconfiderable dillance on tiie left hand of it, not to lay one wor.! ci"tuc 
 pot of coin." 
 
 " Mr. Baxter afTumcs an authority, hardly (ifat all) allowable,. to make a very con- 
 r.dcrable alt.iation in the name, when in favour of his Granthcm he turns Ccv.fznu.is into- 
 Cantcir/iKf, and from the turning of the livernear Gri:ntham -.mii no cthtr coneuiiingcir- 
 cumflanre, he p^fitivcly afSrms CaKtennas to be Grantba:v^ tiio'theic be no Roman road. 
 from Gormanchejierto Grantham, at the fame that, ufing the fan^.e mtakue ofmiles v.itii 
 Doftor Galf, he is no lef> th.nn 10 m.iles Ihort of the i inerary." 
 
 •= You mention that later wiirers have nor at all agreed with Dr. Gai.b, this (with hum- 
 b]e fubmimcn) is pleading nutiior'.-y. 1 would wiHinglv read thefe modern gentlemen 
 with as little prejudice i.n their favour as I do thole who have gone btff)re them, efpeci- 
 aiiy whcn^I find fome of ihem commit groffer errors ti;an their p: ececeI?.ors. 1 canncc 
 help wondering to iee fi.icha palpable millake as a ctrtain dignifiul -lurhor in his additi- 
 ons coCamoev make.-, about the fijuation oi Flaivfcrd c-Mr^\\; fpeaking o( Lenten he 
 fjys : " A: a lirde diftance from hence there fcands in a large field, a cimreti with, a Ipire- 
 " flecpic, called Fiawfcrd c\\\.v.ch, the burying place of /r«i.///7^/o.' a threat count; v town 
 " above half a nule weft from it, &c." whereas Lenten lies on the north ^vAc i.i'lrei.t, 
 a.-i.{ tiie church he fpeaks of ft.md.-; near three miles fouth of that rivt-r, and that huge 
 f'lu'urytijwni, bu: a village : befides talking of .V^///:^;-.?, he immediately mendons its 
 ne.gnbour Clifton, which neighbour is at lealt between five and fix ' 
 
 ,. - . . •> ^ - - ^. ...>._......„.. uatute miles diftant 
 
 tioin v. ArtxlKT an-iquary would fain make Lenton (r. village a mile diftant from 
 
 lans; 
 
 a 
 
 many. 
 
 . , "•-">•• ^u...|u.uy wuiKu lain m.a:<e i^enton [^z village a mile diltant tron 
 
 .4o!Ungt}vn, ku'-i^n only far a prior/ of clunrac monks) the noted Lindum of tiie I^omans 
 1 \Vive-bnng!nj any m )re inltances of tlv.; kiaJ, tho' it were eaf)- for me to produce
 
 OF THE TOWN OF KOTTIN'CHAM, ,- 
 
 ■many. Some of the late writers of antiquities are ftrangclv carried away by the fertility 
 of their own imagination, all are liighly beholden to the old ones fortliefolid foundation 
 of their inquiries, and it is too frequently fecn that when a new antiquary is at a lofs for 
 new difcoveries in certain places, rather than be thought a nieer tranfcriber of the h- 
 hours of others, he racks his brain to advance fomething contradiclory to what has been 
 faid by other men." 
 
 " That you have obferved this in the courfe of your reading of audiors of this clafs, I 
 dare notdaubt. What I have faid upon this fubjcct will 1 hope ifot draw u[>()n me the 
 imputation of being tenacious of my own opinion, for far from defiring that any one 
 fliould! acquiefce v/ith what I offer unlefs upon good groumls ; I am fo foivl ofihe beau- 
 ty of truth inany refpedt, that I would at all times glad y embrace i:, tho' it fnouid lay 
 open to me the vanity and fruitleffnefs of my application for feven years paft, and that I 
 do not only fmcy myfelf fo, bu: am really of that mind, 1 conclude h'om dicfe figns : 
 In the firll place, that I can look upon things as yet with an unaltered eye, and take in 
 objefts as they really appear to the fenfes ; and in the feconJ phicc, that my imagination 
 hitherto is not over-ftock'd widi antiquarian ideas, and that I fee myfclf Hill at a vaft 
 diiiance from the enthufiafm of that ftudy, which I look upon to be a great happiiiefs." 
 
 That portion of the country, it may be jull rcuiarked, which the Romans called 
 Coritani v/is afterwards included, in die Saxons time, in tiie kingdom of Mcrcia. But 
 not intending to fwell this lldion v/ith thin;^^ which belong more particularly to tho 
 iiiftory of Engl.md, than to this province, we willpafson to notice fo.ne events which 
 happened at tliis place upon record. 
 
 In tlie year of Christ, 868, the Danes vho had invaded the kindom of Mercia, 
 and during the winter, had entrenched themklves at No!ti>iT^ha;n, were befieged by 
 BuTHXED, king of Mercia, and Etiillp.ed, king of the well Saxons ; but an accom- 
 modanon took place v^fithout much blood fheding. a. Shortly after the Danes plundered 
 tills part of the kingdom of Mercia, in confequen:e BuTti reo the king retired to Rornc 
 where he died. b. in 942 the Danes were in poiTefuon of Notti,:gbam, LciayJcr, Lin- 
 coln., Stamford and Dcrvy, wliich dicy held nil king Edmund, in 944, retook them. 
 Bu" in 1017 thefe places, with the whole kingdom, became fubjecl to the dominion of 
 the Danes, under Cwurus. 
 
 DooMSD.^v Book., that pure fource of knowledge of ancient things, like the lumina- 
 ry of the earth is beneficent. This teftimony of long pafl times is higldy propitious to 
 provincial as well as national (lory : view it on a large fcale, it is of the utmolt national 
 confequence and dignity ; on a more contracted, or in its divifion, it is grand and bene- 
 volent, c. Extracts that relate to Notthi7hai:i, from Doomsd.w Book, are both in 
 
 TliOROTON andDEERIN'G. 
 
 The forme.' fays" In the time ofKing Edward the confelTourin the burrough oiSiictiige- 
 bam were one hundred feventy and three biirgcOes, a;xl nineteen villains (or lui(h.andmcn). 
 To rhi^ borough lay fix carucats of land to (or for) the kings geld (or tax), and one 
 meadow, and fmall wood fixquarentens long, and five broad. Thi.. land jvas parted between 
 t'.iirty eight burgeiles, and of the rate or rent [cenfii] of the land and of the works of the 
 yburgelles yielded 75s 7d. and of two mintcrs \Mcne!a:\ 40s. Within it had Earl 
 
 Tofti. 
 
 a. Saxon .^nn. b ibul. 
 c This bonk was, by the onle r of Willi.im the Cunqi.croi in io3;) bi-gun. It cont.-^lrs .i fiifvcy of the 
 buds, goods and chattels of all h;i fj^jtis whal r-th ¥,as \voi;t to y*)' in ihc ^4.\o.is Unics, ll v*S 
 compkifd'n ic86.
 
 ,- TUB HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY 
 
 Tofti one camcatofland, of the foe of which land the king was to have two-pence, and 
 the earl himfclf tlic third. (Afterwards when William the conqueror furveyed) Hugh 
 the fherift; the fon of (or Fitz ) Baldric, found one hundred thirty fix men dwelling 
 there, (when Doomsday Book was made, towards the latter end of his reign) there 
 were fixteen lefs. Yet that Hugh himfelf made thirteen dwellings or manfions in the 
 land of the earl, in tiie new borough, which were not tliere before, putting them in the 
 cenil- or rate of the old borough. 
 
 In Srwtiingham in the dcmcfne of the king was one church, in which lay three manfions 
 of chc borough, and five bovats of land of the above faid fix carucats, with fac and foe, 
 and to the J'ame church five acres of land and half, of which the king had fac and 
 foe. The burgcfles had fix carucats to plow, and twenty bordars, and fourteen carucats 
 (plows, carts, draughts, teams, or plowlands.) They were wont to fifh in the water 
 of Trent, and at that time made complaint that they were prohibited to fifli. 
 
 In the time of king Edward (the confefibur) Snottingham yielded in rent i8l. when 
 Doomsday Book was made 30I. and lol. of the mint, {^de moneta.']^ 
 
 Roger deBufiy had m Srioltvighamihi^n manfions, in which were leatecj eleven houfes. 
 The tent 4s. yd. 
 
 William Peverel had forty eight miCrchants houfes (or tradefmcns.) The rent 36s. 
 and thirteen houfes of knights (or Jiorfemen) [equitum'] and eiglit bordars. 
 
 Raph de Burun had thirteen houfes of knights, in one of thefe dwelt one merchant. 
 Guilbert four houfes. 
 
 Raph, fon of (or Fitz-) Hubert, had eleven houfes, in thefe remained (or dwelt) 
 three merchants (fhopkeepcrs or tradefme n.) 
 Goisfrid de Allllin had twenty one houfes. 
 
 Acadus the prieft [Prefbyter] two houfes. In the crofc of diepriefl were fixty hou- 
 fes, and in thefe had the king fac and foe. 
 
 The church witli all things wliich belonged to it, was lOOS. per annum value. 
 Richard FrcOe had f)ur houfes. 
 
 In the ditch [foJJ^'.ta] of the borough were feventeen houfes, and other fix houies. 
 The king granted to William Peverel ten acres of land to make an orchard. 
 In Snotti>i2j:am Iiad king Kdward one carucat of land, with the geld. Tlie land two 
 catucats. There (wlicn the furvey of Doomsday Book was made) the king had eleven 
 villains (or hufbandmen) having four carucats, and twelve acres of meadow, in Dcmef- 
 ne nothing. In the time of king Edward the confefTor, and then likewife the value of 
 this was 3I. which is now called Sncinto)!." 
 
 It appears alfo by this valuable book that in SnotiinghamjJj'irey if any perfon fliould 
 plough or make a ditch in the king's highway, viz. the fojje road to 7'crk, within two 
 perches, he fiiould be fined 81. two thirds to the king and one to the earl whofe office 
 then was not only honoraiy but of great power. The 'Trent and the road was taken care of by 
 Nottingham. It appears by this book alfo that the Trent was navigable before the conqueft. 
 And now with the end" of the Saxon government in England, ended alio the Saxon 
 name of this town, being thenceforth called Nottinghamu e. from the time of William 
 Peverel, natural fon of William I. was made lord'of it, who in his foundation deed of 
 the priory of Lent on calls it by that namcj where he gives to that monaftery among otlier 
 things of^ greater importance the tythe of the fifh of the fifhing of Nottingham. Some 
 will have the ^Iteration of the name of this town, taken from the vaft quantity of halTels 
 
 growing
 
 or THE TOWN OF KOTTINOHAM. I5 
 
 growing about and near this place, Nuttingham, nor does it fcem very improbable, fined 
 we have a like inflance in a neighbouring feat of Sir Charles Sedley, fituated about 
 three miles north-weft of this town, which upon that acount, bears the name o( Nuthall.*' 
 
 About the year of chrift, A. D. 910, the town was fortified and enclofed with aftrong 
 ' wall, by the elder Edward, a On the rock, whereon the caltle ftands, we arc told, ftood 
 a grand tower, prior to the walling of the town. t. 
 
 Thus briefly is Ihewn theftate and condition oi Nottinghnm prior to the conqucft, from 
 authorities, in general, which time has damped v/ith fome degree of credit. A flight 
 review of that period which has been noticed, in this introduftory fe(flion > or rather 
 a tranfient glance at the origin, condition, &c. of our anceilors, may not be con fide red 
 as improper here, before we bring into view, particulars refpefting Nottingham fubfc- 
 quent to the conquefl: : 
 
 The Englifh are defcended, it is known, from a variety of nations: the Aborigines of 
 the land, the Romans, Saxons, Danes and Normans have refpedlively had a fhare in 
 the propagation of that people, but none in fo eminent a degree as the Saxons who 
 were originally of the German rase. The Welch in their native tongue ftill call them 
 Saijons, the Scotch ^^t/Imj and the Irifli 6'rt.vo«^r^. c. Their language is a medley of many; 
 the Welch, only, retain that of the ancient Britons. 
 
 In war the Saxons were brave, they ufed the bowing broad-fword, a fliort fhicld and 
 the crofsbow. d- They lacrificed to and worfhiped idols, antecedent to their receiving the 
 chriftian faith. They counted time by nights from which praftife we ll:ill retain the ex- 
 preffion oijennight znA fortnight. In doubtful cafes they tried offenders by the ordeaU 
 which was by combat, red hot-iron, hot water, and cold ; that of hot iron was the moft 
 fevere : the party accufed and denying the faift, was obliged to take up red-hot-iron with 
 his bare hand, or be adjudged guilty, e. 
 
 As Egbert the fubduer of the fcven petty kingdoms of the Saxons about the year 800 
 gave the name of England to all, fo the great Alfred divided the whole into (hires, and 
 gave them appropriate names. This great man has the reputation of alfociating into 
 fmall bodies, confillingof ten men each, all the freemen of the realm ; who were mu- 
 tually bound by an oath to infpeft into the conduct, and anfwer for the crimes of each 
 other. / 
 
 It appears that our Saxon anceftors diftinguifhed the places of burial of thofe (lain in 
 battle from the ordinary ones, by raifing over their bodies clods and turves of earth, 
 thefe places are vifible in many counties in England, and are now called Burrows and 
 
 by 
 
 4. Nothing of this wall now remains. Its ^ppcnJage, the ditch, is to he tidrcd at this diftant period, 
 neafthe cadle hill, to whicli it joined and e-itendod northward towards Ch^tpcl bar. 
 
 b. Sec the next Scclion for An account of the caftlc. 
 
 c. Verllegan, on the original of nations. 
 
 d. Eow Uoxn houghs of trees of which bows were orii^inally made. 
 
 f Emma, the mother of king EdwarcJ the ConferTor, was accufed of adultry with Alwine, biOiop of 
 Winchefler, (he was in confcquence. led blindfolded to a place whrre glowing hot irons were laii^ 
 at certain diftances. and paflTed over ihern hare-foo: to prove her guilt or Innocence, She having 
 pallecl them all without injury was pronounced innocent. 
 /. fiJ/y/iy/j i.s fuppofcd to be dcri\'ed from the Teuionlc tongue If you afk a Dutchman how he would 
 in his language call an ancdlikc man^ he would anfwer dn-Enpllfk-mj.n. fbo particular names of (liiiei 
 were given, many of them, from fuuations^ as Buckin»hatn(hire from 5.»i,r. or iJ^cAjn, trees and £^ir.)c 
 trom the eafl Saxons. 
 
 VerJIe^an. f. Ibbctfon,
 
 l6 TfiE HISTORY 07 THE TOWN AND COUNTY 
 
 by fome Barrows. About a mile from Nottinghci-m, at a place called Notthighcim-hill, arc 
 fome linci off jrtiHcation, between which are three or four of thcfe fort of eminences, whicii 
 are now called Bui row?, in one of which have been fcur.d great quantities oi human bcncs. 
 
 Of Saxon names ftill infrequent ufe among us we may include the following, AlUn ox 
 JlUn, Ary.oldy Bald'ujin, Banuzrd, Charles, Edmund, Edivard, Eric or Tlerick, Ez'crard, 
 Franc, F>-e.kr\c, Gerard, Gilbert, D/irman, IJenry, Herbert, Hugh, Humfrey, Lambhcrt, 
 or Lambert, Leonard, OJr.mr.d, Ojv:in, Richard, Robert, Roger, Rcjamund, Rowland, 
 il'idter, iriili.itns, ll'ine and many othera, wliich in a great meafjre fliews the influence 
 and power oi this people in Britain. 
 
 Of cuftoms fliil remaining amongft us, whofe origin may be faid to be ilixon one I 
 will notice, but will nor allert that it had its origin before the conqueir. 
 
 " Shrive is an old Sa:;on word, of which Shrove is a corruption and iignifies confcffion. 
 Tuefday on which day all the people in every parifh through England, during the 
 Roniith times, were obligi-d to confcfs their fms, one by one, to their o\''n prieil, and 
 in his own parilh church; and t' at this might be done the more regularly, the great 
 bell in every paviflr was rung a: ten o'clock, or perhaps fooncr, that it might be lieard 
 by all, and dut they might attend according to the cuftom then in ufe. And altho' tlie 
 Romilh religion has given way, in cur opinion, to a much better, yet the cultoni of 
 ringing the bell, in our ancient churches, at lead in lome of them, fliil remains, and 
 has obtained by fome means the name of pancake- bcil. Perhaps after confellion it 
 might be cnflomary for people, on that day, to refrain from meat, and dine on pan- 
 cakes and fritters, or fuchlike provifions, whence the cuftom of dining on pancakes on 
 Shrove Tuefday ilill remains in many parts of England." n 
 
 Speaking of a religious ceremony leads me to fay a word or two of our ancient church 
 architedlure. The fometimes beautiful, formal zigzagged fcmicircle arclies, . w'hich 
 arc to be met with in our old churches, are generally attributed to our faxon anceftors ; 
 but many attribute them to Korman origin, be this as it may,- they dcubtlcfs are indica- 
 tions of the highell church antiquity in this ifland. Thefe, fays Dr. IVc.rtcv, in his 
 plealing fpecimen of local hiftory, that oiKiddingtcn in Oxfordjhirc, j)aroci.ial churches, 
 feldcm confilled of m-oredun one aifle or pace. In this I muft differ in opinion from 
 that gentleman, f )r in my vifits to churches in this county, Leiccflerfliirc, Northamp- 
 tonfliire, and Bedfoicifnire, I have feen feveral containing a nave and iide aifles., built 
 oiiginally with the churches. To be lure fome of them were not originally parilh 
 churches; but v/ere members of religious houfes, which have been, fince^the reforma- 
 tion, converted into parifli churches. The ferier, of rude grotefque ornam.ents, in 
 ftoncs, refembliiig the heads (.X lurific animals &c. is a flrong maik of church antiquity. 
 'I'hey are doubtiels the fculpture of a remote period. And as our flixon anceftors built 
 Iliefe churches, ficquently, on the fcltes of heathen temples, fo they might retain fome 
 imitition of their rude fcuipture in the churches, as ornam.ents. 
 
 Of old fonts in churches, fome of which are curious relics of early baptifm, the 
 lar-eft:, or rather the molt capacious, v.-ithin, are elleemed the mofc ancient. The to- 
 tal immerfion of the infant was long in praftice. In larger towns fev/ of thofe remain; 
 but very capacious ones are frequently to be feen in village churches, efpecially where the 
 Lind qI .vhat is called improvement has not removed them. 
 
 SECT IL 
 
 a. Gent. Ma-ii
 
 [ 17 ] 
 
 S E C T I O N II. 
 
 Its Hijlory and Antiquities till it became chartered, cr governed by Mayors. 
 
 i'^i'V^'^^fr'O'SAi''— ^-1.^ 
 
 jf^FTER the Norman conquefl: Nottinghamjhire, as other counties were, was divided 
 by King William amongfl: his kindred and thofe who had fhared in hisviclory; among 
 whom we find the name of Peverel, who had given him, in this county, 55 lordlhips 
 and 48 tradefmen's houfes in Nottingham. Thoroton has given us an account of die 
 confcquence of dais family which it feems was feated here : it is as follows, under the 
 hiftory of 
 
 Nottingham Castle. 
 
 " There is no mention at all in this moft exa6t fnrvey," (Doomsday Book) of the 
 Caftle of Nottingham, a. which is therefore concluded to be built by William Peverel, 
 or King William the firft, his father, though 'tis fuppofcd there might have been fome 
 old fortrefj there before. He alfo builded the monafbery at Lenton, as it feems he did 
 another at, or m^r Northampton, dedicated to St. James, the regiflry whereof certifieth 
 that he died the fifth of the kalends of Febr. 1 113. 11 H. i. and the Lady Adelina his 
 wife the fourteenth of the kalends of February 11 19. 18 H. i. and that Sir William, fon 
 of the faid William Peverel, died 16 kal. May, iioo. 12 William Rufus, ^. which 
 cannot be true, except he had another fon William, for I find that William Peverell, at 
 the intreaty of his faithful wife Adelina, gave to the monaftery of Lenton at (or nigh) 
 die very foundation, the churches of Hecbam and Randia: c. to which deed were witnefles 
 Robert de Ferrariis, Avenell de Haddon, Robert, fon of Drogo, Robert, fon of War- 
 ner, Raph Hanfelin, &c. William Peverell his fon, by ill advice, took them away 
 for a long time, but repenting, he for love of the worfliip of God, and for the fafety of 
 the fouls of hisfiid faiher and mother, by the confent of his heir William the younger, 
 reftored them again : d. the witnefies to this deed were Hugh de Burun, William Ave- 
 nell, Adam dt Morteyn, Oddo de Boney, Robert de Heriz, Gilbert de Macuinci, 
 Norman de St. Patricio, &c." 
 
 " In the fifth year of King Stephen, William Peverell of Nottingham gave account 
 of ii,\. 6s. 8d. of the pleas of the forcft. ^. And the Sheriff in his account that year of 
 the dane-geld, fiith, that Adelina, the mother of William Peverell of Ncttin^ham, was 
 pardoned 18I. by the King's writ, which lliows there is fome error in that faid regilter of 
 Sz. J^nic^ of Northampton, concerning the time of her death, as there is alfo a manif-ft 
 
 one 
 
 a. " A. D. 106B, WiM-i^M the conan^Tor with liis armv went lo .V(^/^■>I|;/laI•^, in his march .ngainll ihc 
 Edils o's Ciu'.kr and Sorthumb davil. and there built a calllt." — Oki.ki.\(.. 
 
 u. Reg. St Jac. de Noithamp. c. Reg de Lent, p i i 4. d. ibid. c. Rot, pip. 5 Steph.
 
 i8 
 
 THE mSTORV OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [sECT, II.] 
 
 one in tae computation of the year of our Lord, and of the King's reign in all the three, 
 which may iuilly I^lTcn the credit of that part of it." 
 
 " .yjiiHO 1 155 King Henry the fccond difinherited William Peverel, becaufe of poy- 
 fon givento Ranulph (Earl) of Cbejler." a. 
 
 " About thofe times there were three Peverels of great note, viz. Peverel of Dover, 
 and Peverel of London, and our Peverel of Nottingham, who is certainly intended by tlie 
 Lift noted chronicle, as may further appear by an inftrument (yet remaining in Sir John 
 Cotton's library) fealed by Henry Duke of Normans, &c. (afterwards King Henry rhe 
 fccond) being' then at the Divifes, to Ranulph Earl of Chefter, wherein he gave him, 
 bcfidcs the faid Earl's own inheritance in Normandy and England, wholly as his ancellors 
 ever h.:d it (that in Normandy very particularly recited) the whole honour of Earl Roger 
 Pictavenfis where-cver, and all the faid Du'.ce Henries honour of 5/y.% where-ever ic 
 was in England, and the honour cf £)r, as Robert Malet, uncle of the laid Earl Ranulph's 
 mother ever had it. Moreover he gave him Stafford and Staffcrdef.r, and the county 
 (or earldom) oi Stafford \f\\o\\y whatever he had there in fee and inheritance, except the 
 fee of the Bilhop of Chefter, and of Earl Robert de Ferrariis, and of Hugh de Mortuo- 
 mari, and of Gervas Paganell, and except the /srif,'? of G;«cf, which he (the faid Duke) 
 then retained in his hand. He gave him the fee of Alan de Lincolne, who was (alfo) 
 uncle of the faid Earl's mother, and the fee of Ernis de Burun as his own inheritance, 
 and the fee of Hugh de Scoteincy where-ever it was, and the fee of Robt-rt de Chalz 
 where-ever it was, and the whole fee of Robert Fitz- (or fon of) Odo, and the whole 
 fee of Norman de Verdun, and the fje of Robert de Stafford where-ever it was, and 30!. 
 land which the faid Duke Flenry had in Grmejhj he gave him, and Nottingham Cafilc, 
 and the borough, and whatever the faid Duke had in Nottingham in fee and inheritance 
 he gave to him and his heirs, and the whole fee of Wil.iam Pever 11 where-ever it was, 
 unlefs he could [^dirationare Je'\ clear himfclf in the faid Duke's court of the wickeJnefs 
 and treafon, except Hecbam. And if Engelram de Albamarle would not take with the 
 faid Duke, nor Earl Simon, and he the faid Duke could take the faid Hecbam by force, 
 he would reftore it to the faid Earl Ranulph if he would have it, and ■Torchejei and 
 Dswardebec IVapentac, and Drrby, with all the appurtenances, and Maiaufcld with the 
 Soc, and Roelar with tlie Soch, and Stanley by Coventre with the Soch, and of Behar he 
 would hold him right as foon as he fhould be able as of the faid Earl's inheritance, and 
 to the fiid Earl's fix Barons he would give each an hundred pound land, which they 
 fhoulJ chufe of thofe which the faid Duke fliould happen to gee of his enemies, and to 
 all the faid Earl's friends, \_pareiitihis'] he would reftore their inheritance, whereof he had 
 power, &c, Howbeit the faid Earl Ranulf of Chijlcr did not enjoy any long poffefllon 
 of thole places in this county, for the flieriiTs anfwered to the King for the profits of the 
 lands of William Peverel!, and the fcutages of the tenants of his fee, as in the pipe rolls 
 of Henry the fccond, and the fucceeding Kings may be feen, and in divers other pla- 
 ces of this book for the reft." 
 
 " Margaret, the daughter and (at length) heir of William Peverell of Nottingham, 
 was wife of William Earl of Ferrars and Drrby, ion of Robert the younger Earl of Fer- 
 rars and of Nottingham, and flie had a fon Robert Earl of Ferrars, who in the time of 
 King FIenry the fecond, perhaps, becaufe he could not inherit, was the more willino- 
 to burn Nottinghavi, which he did it feems, together with his fon William, grandfon of 
 the faii WiUiann and Margaret, which laid William Earl of Ferrars the grandibn was 
 
 outed 
 a. Chron. RofF per Edm. de Haddenliam.
 
 [sect. Il] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAN. iq 
 
 outed of his earldoms of Ncttingham and Berly by King Richard the firfl, who ^ave 
 them to John Earl of Mcretm (afterwards King) his brother, wlio thereupon 'tislike 
 grew more willing to intereft himfelf in thefe parts, which he did by granting a charter 
 to this town o{ Nottingham, and Ibme way or other pleafing of the gentry of the country 
 fo well, that he led the moftof them into rebellion, as in fundry places of this book, 
 concerning divers particular perfons of them, may be obferved." 
 
 " But of thefe Peverells I have found no more, faving that there was a fine in the 
 King's court at Nottwgham the Friday after the feafl; of St. Bartholomew, 4. Joh. before 
 J. Bifliop of Norwic, Hugh Bardulf, John de Geftling, Mr Roger Arundell, Hugh 
 de Bobi, the King's Juftices, and others, then there prefent, between William Peverell, 
 Petent, and Beatrice de Curcon, tenant, of two bovats of land \n Paltertcn, thereby 
 pafTed to her and her heirs, paying 6d. per annum, &c." 
 
 " 'Tis certain then that from the beginning of the reign of Henry the fecond, this 
 caftle of Nottingham hath for the moft part belonged to the crown, neither is there any 
 place any thing near fo far diftant from London that I know of in all Englani, which hath 
 fo often given entertainment and refidence to the Kings and Queens of this realm fince 
 the Norman conqueft." 
 
 " It is faid that in the year 1194, King Richard being firft loofed from his bonds, 
 the caflles 01 Ncttingha-m and "TykehuU re^i'^td with force, but the caflles of Lancafier and 
 Merlehiirgh, and Mount Michael rendered themfelves." a. 
 
 " King John in the fixth of his reign commanded ReginaM de Clifton, that imme- 
 diately upon fight of his letters he fhould deliver to Robert de Veteriponte the caftle of 
 Nottingham, &c. l^. The like command at that time had Hugh de Nevill for the cftlc of 
 •the Pcc; William de Briewer for tha.t o( Bclle/otir ; and Sampfon de Straclee (Strelley) 
 concerning the caftle of Haj'ceJIcn." 
 
 " Raph Fitz-Nicho'.as, 10 H. 3. was warden of Nottingham caftle (he was fteward to 
 William de Ferrariis Earl o{ Derhy it feems.") 
 
 <' King Henry the third being at IVindJor^ 29 April, 32 H. 3. committed to Robert 
 le Vavaflur the counties ol Nottingham and Berhy to be kept, paying to the Kino- locl, 
 per annum at his exchequer for the iiTues of the faid counties, befides fifty marks which 
 he was to pay every year to the warden \_cuji(jdi'\ of Nottingham caftle for the keeping 
 thereof." c. 
 
 " After the battle at Lewes between King Henry the diird, and the Barons, for 
 determining the ftrife Edward tlie King's eldeft ion was delivered for pledge, and after- 
 terwards was freed from that cuftody, for the fafetv of whom, and of die kino-dom, the 
 King, 49 H. 3. comm.itted to his faid fon the caftles of Dcvor, of Scardeburgh, of Baun;- 
 iiirgh, of Nottingham, and of Ccrff, as hoftage for five years." d. 
 
 " The fame King Henry the third by his precept dated at Weftminfler, October t8, 
 56 H. 3. commanded his baylifFs and huYS<:?ft^ of Not'inghar,?, without delay, to make 
 a pofterne in the wall of the faid town near the caftle tov.ards Lenten, of fuch a bieadth 
 and height that two armed horfemen, cari7ing two lances on their ftioulders, mi"ht '-o 
 in and out, where W. Arch-bifhop of Jcr^- had appointed it, wlio made the Kino- undcr- 
 ftand thatir-was expedient for him and his heirs, and for the caftle and town." 
 
 " Now for that the caft!e, park, and medows belonging thereunto are not witMn the 
 
 ' county of the town, I will exprefs what I mean touching them in this place. When 
 
 C 2 < this 
 
 a. Chron. Ceflr. b. Pat 6 Joh. mg. c Ftn. 32 IT. 3. m. 4. J, Pat 49 II 3, m, 8-.
 
 so 
 
 THE HfSTOr.V OF THE TOWN AND fOONTY [bF.CT. II ] 
 
 « this caftle was built I certainly find not, but doiibtlc-fs it was by Peverell. In the 
 « rc-cord of Doomsday there is no mention of a c.ifl;le, only I find there that William 
 
 * I'tverell had licence fi-om the King to include ten acres ad faciendum pmerium-, which 
 
 * after the forefl: n.eafure contains above fifcy ftatute acres, and that 1 conceive to be 
 « near the proportion of the old park of Notliii^^hnniy but this is only my conjefture, 
 ' which 1 v.ill be bold to retain till fomc body tell me vsliere thofe ten acres do He after 
 
 * the mcafureof that time, which was long before t'le ftatute de terris merjurandis" a. 
 
 " It appear', i H. 4. that Gliomas Moubray Duke of A'cj/o/^ held 20I. rent out of 
 Kottinvbiim caflle, with the ilile and title of Earl of NoHingham, granted by King Rich- 
 ard (the fecond) and that Thomas Moubray, knight, fon and heir of the faid Duke, 
 was then fourteen years old." 
 
 " The exatleft furvcy I find of thiscaftle, and rlie appurtenances to it, is the account 
 ' of Jeffrey Knyveton, conftable of the caftle, and dark of the foreft, 25 H. 6. Fiiil, 
 
 * twenty four acres of mcdow called the King's medow ; a clofe called caftle appleton ; 
 ' a dole called the conftable holme; a piece of medov/ called the milne damme; a 
 ' piece of medow called die milne place ; two pieces of medow lying by the King's 
 
 * bridge, and the rochyard; the callle hills without the caftle walls; the outer ward 
 
 * within the caftle w?.ils ; the dove-coat; the pindage of the caftle; the caftle milnes ; 
 ' the convgarth which I conceive to be the old park ; and the caftle it fclf, which in 
 ' that account anfwered nothing, being the habitation of the conftable. " ^. 
 
 " llic caftle and the park oi h'ottingham were granted to Francis Earl of Rutland, in 
 the latter end of whofe time many of the goodly buildings were pull'd down, and the 
 iron, and other materials, fold; yet theie was left enough at the beginning of the late 
 rebellion, to make it chofen by King Charles the firft, as the fitteft place fir the fetting 
 up his Royal Standard, which, as I remember, was there erefted on Munday, Auguft 
 12. amio Don. 1642. but ftiortly after the King's departure Sir John Digby dilmiired 
 thofe fouldic^s of the trained bands of this county which only were left there, and fo it 
 foon became a garrifon for the parliament, which it connnued till the end of the war, 
 after which the laft governour Captain Thomas Poulton had orders and money given 
 liim to pull it down, yet lome parts of it though ruinous were not utterly demoliflied at 
 the return of King Charles the fecond, fince when the Duke of Buckingham (whofe 
 m:)ther the Dutchefs was only daughter and heir of the faid Francis Earl of Rutland) fold 
 it to the Marqucfs of Ncvjcafllc, now alfo made Duke, who this prefcnt vear 1674, 
 though he be above eighty years of age, hath a great number of men at work puUing 
 down and clearing the foundations of the old tower that he may build, at leaft, part of a 
 new caftle there. The park pale he repaired at his fiift entrance." 
 
 " Thereftoryof the caftle of Aotti^igham wzs 61. Now I find nothing of it, but the 
 brewhoufe yard is a conftabiery, wherein there are many houfes, fome in the rock, 
 others out of it, all which, being now of no parifli, are a great receptacle for fanaticks, 
 and other like peoplr, who would not live conformable to the laws." 
 
 Deering treats Dr. Thoroton's account of the caftle with fome degree ofafperity. 
 Some rnay think that the modeft and doubtful account, of the founder of it, which he 
 has given, is quite as well as the former's pofitive aflertion, that it was built by William 
 the conqueror " to fecure a retreat in cafe of necefTity, and to keep the town in awe." 
 All writers_ agree that it was built about the time of the conqueft, or an old caftle, which 
 ftood on this bold rock, was then much enlarged and repaired. Very great additions both 
 
 of 
 
 a. Anonymous M S. i. ibid.
 
 [sect. II.] of T[I£ town of NOTTINGHAM. 21 
 
 offtrength and beauty it received by Edward the fourth and Richard the third. 
 Thofe works done by the conqueror were called the old works thofe by the latter kings 
 the new. a. 
 
 Leland who vifitcd the caftle fays " The bafs court is large and mighty ftron^', and 
 « there is a {lately bridge (with pillars bearing beads and giants) over the ditch into the 
 " fecond ward, the front of which at the entrance is exceeding ftronj^, with towers and 
 " port-cullice3." l>. " Within is a fair green court fit for any princely exercife. The 
 " fouth-caft parts of the caftle are ftrong and well towered, within the old tower there is 
 " another court tlio' fomewhat lefs than the laft mentioned," c. "in themidft whereof 
 " there is a ftair-cafe of ftone, about fix or fevcn feet above ground, in which there is a 
 " door to enter and ftcps to lead, (of late much v.orn) through the main rock to the 
 " foot thereof and the bank of the river Leen ; by this paffage (the keepers fiy) Ed- 
 " WARD the third's band came up through the rock and took Earl T. Mortimer prifoner. 
 " The dungeon or prifon ftands by fouth and eaft, and is extraordinary ftrong el uatio-a 
 «< loci et opera." d. In the firft court we go down many fteps with a candle lighted into a 
 <-' vault under ground, and rooms cut and made out of the very ftone, in the walls 
 " whereof the ftory of Cbrift's ppjjlon and other things are engraven, by David King of 
 " Scotland, (as they fiy) who was kept prifoner there." 
 
 In Leland's time it was partly in ruins. 
 
 Tradition informs us that there were three wells, three chapels, and a colleo-c offecu- 
 lar priefts in the caftle. In the timeof Hevry the third there v/as a chapel dedic.ited to 
 Sr. Mary in the rock under the caftle. e Deering has preferved a curious piece of 
 information from " The accounts of GefFry Kny veton, conftable of the caftle and clerk 
 of the foreft, the 25rh of Henry VI. which I have taken literatim from a foreft book 
 wrote for the ufe of the mayor of Nottingham, Robert Alvie, by his fcrjeant at mace 
 William Marfhal, in the year 1588, the 30th of queen Elizabeth, John Kody and Ni- 
 cholas Sherwin being fheriffs." 
 " T'be accompte of GcSry KnyvQtonfron the feaft of St. M'lchadl tharchaungle in the xxv/ij*. 
 
 yeare of hinge Henry ihefixth, unto the fame feajie next Jollowinge by one whole year e for the 
 
 caflle of Nottingham." 
 « ift. He gives accompte of xii/. 8j cominge ofxxiiii acres of meadow, lying in a mea- 
 dow belonging to the caftle of Nottingham called the king's- meadow. The price 
 
 2S. id. fo letten this yeare." 
 " And ofxivj. the latter agiftment of the fame meadow betwixt Michallir,as and Martle- 
 
 rnas happeninge." 
 " And of iiiij. ini^. of the farme of the clofc called caftlc-applcton." 
 « Andof xxxvij id. for the farme of another clofe called the conftable-holmc, fo letten 
 
 to the men oC N ttingham." 
 « And of xxivj. of the farme of a pece of meadow called the milre-Jame." 
 " And xiiii. of the farme of two peces of meadow lyeinge by the king's bridge and the 
 
 . rock- 
 
 a. Cam''en and Holhtjlied^iy \\\3^ Kotiinghim caftle was remarkable forflrcngtli and'inagnilutle, and thai it 
 ■was built b the conqueror. Moll ol the places which had flrong (ort.-; or caftles in the time ol ihc Ro- 
 mans, fliU retain the terminations Cajhr Ccrfler Ch/hr &c. from which wc may inter that A"r/- 
 itn^ham cnQXe, or the foriifji jiio on the rock where Ao-'Un^ia'n caftle ftands, was pro'jjb'y loar.d;.'.! 
 eiiber in the time of the Saxons or Normans. 
 
 i Anonymous M S. c. ibid. a. Ca;ub. Biitt, e. Tann-'r.
 
 22 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTl [sECT. II.] 
 
 rockeyard." 
 « And v'iib. of the caftlehills without die ciRle wall." 
 
 " And xxj. of the farine of the pindage of the caftle fo letten to the men oi Nottinghcm." 
 " And of xj. ofthefarme of the outward, within the caflle walls." 
 " And of the profatofthe dove-cott nothing this year, but it was wont to give 3J. 4J." 
 ■ " And of for thccallle-miln." 
 
 " And of the 13J. 4^. of the farnneof the coneygarth of the caftle this year &c." a. 
 
 Notthigham old caftle it feems was in a ruinous ftate at the breaking out of the civil 
 wars i at the refloration it was nearly demolifhed. A copy of a plan taken by Smithfon 
 in \6i-], o'i Nottingham cz&.\c is preferved by Deering. From the prefent building 
 was crtded in 16835 h, it was begun by "William Cavendifli, Marquis, ?.nd afterwards 
 'D\^V.(t oi Neivcalllc, who purchafcd it of George Villicrs, fecond Duke oi BuckiHgham. 
 It was finifhed by Henry his fon, as appears by an infcription over a back door of the 
 caftle which was not legible in Deering's, but preferved by a fervant in the houfehold 
 of Henry Duke of 'Ne'ujcajile. 
 
 " This houfe was begun by William, Duke of Newcajlle, in the year 1674, (who 
 " died in the year 1676,) and according to his appointment by his lall will and b-y the 
 " model he left was finiflied in the year 1679." 
 
 The founder of this noble edifice, it is faid, intended it to be one of the moft grand 
 
 buildings, 
 
 e. " This (urvcv was taken three years beTore He N R Y the VI. m.ide the town of Sottingham a county by 
 ilfclf, in wliith charier he excepts the king's-hall, and the zAWe. oi Nottingham, both which remain at 
 this day in the county at large." Deerinc. 
 
 b. " An account of what Nottingham caflle cofl building, beginning 
 February the 12th 1680, and ending April the 4th, 1683." 
 
 £. s. d. 
 His Grace the Duke of A'(?-Li;f^7?/£' paid with 500 /&. of wood. - 4731 11 5 
 And his Grace Henry Duke of A'"^iX'f(i/?/?, Ocf. 16. 1680, - 7259 6 7 
 Feb. 5th. 7 To Mr. Wright for cedar wood. --_.---- 12000 
 
 1680 5 To ditto for marble chim.-?ey pieces. ----- -- 52 00 
 
 To packing them. ------ ------3134 
 
 12th. For a faw for the cedar. ------- -- - - iioo 
 
 More paid from the 12th of Feb. 1680, to the 2odi of Aug.? ^ 
 
 168,. 5 ^^' ^3 6 
 
 More paid from the 20th of Auguft 168 1, to the I2th of? 
 November following 5 
 
 More paid from the 12th of November 1681, to the 1 8 th of ^ 
 
 February following. 
 From the 1 8th of Feb. i63i, to t'.ie 14th cf April 1683. ' 677 5 7 
 
 Total ;f. 14002 17 9 
 
 Deering. 
 
 253 211
 
 Ift *.,: 
 
 F,\,3 
 
 
 y^ ^^y?^r(rf^r^eyr^7^n^^l9f^^hT^ff^^^^A<!l7^fy^^^ .
 
 [sect. II.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. IJ 
 
 buildings, as a feat, in England, towards the accomplifhing of which he devifed the in- 
 come of certain eftates out of his domains. Deerinc fays, 
 
 " The ift Duke of Newcallle and founder of the prefent caftle o^ Nottingham, was 
 William Cavendi(h, fonof Sir Charles Cavendifh, (younger brother of William the firfl: 
 Earlof Devonfliire) and Catherine daughter and heir to Cuthbert baron Ogle, married 
 to him the 4th of Car. I." 
 
 " This William had abrother Sir Charles, who died without iflTue." 
 
 " He was the 8th of James I. made knight of the Bath at the creation of Henry 
 prince oUVaks. King Charles I. made him governor of the Prince his eldefl: Ion." 
 
 " In the year 1642 upon the great defccftion of the king's fubjc^ts the i8th of Car. I. 
 he firfl manned and fortified the town o{Ne-j:>cafIb and the caftle of Tinmotitb for nhe king's 
 fervice, and afterwards levying ether forces in the midll of winter, routed the greateft 
 part of thofe rebels that had made head in Torkflnre^ taking moft of the llrong holds in 
 that county. His victories at Gainjborough in com. Line. Ckefterfield in com. Berb. 
 Piercy-brigg, Secroft, 'Tnnkerfley, Tadcnfter, ihsffield, Rotberam, 2'arum, Beverley, Ca- 
 isood, Si'lby, Halifax, Leeds, and Bradford, all in 7'orkp:ire, teftify'd his courage and 
 condudl, in the laft of which, having vanquifhed their grenteft northern army, (himfclt 
 leading onj he took 22 cannons and many colours." 
 
 " In 1642 he received the queen at her landing at Bridlington in com. Ebor. who 
 brought with her fupplies of arms and ammunition, and ccndufted her fafcly to the King 
 at Oxford, for which lervices he was by letteis patents bearing date at Oxfurd the 19th of 
 Car. I. created Marquis of jV<?:cYt7/?/V and Baron Cavendiftj." 
 
 " Afterwards he ftoutly defended the city of Tork for three months fpace againft 
 three poweiful armies, and at laft upon the depreffijn of the royal intereft in England 
 followed King Charles II. into baniftiment, during the continuance of the ufurpacion, 
 by whom he was created knight of the garter, and loon after the reftoration viz. the 17th 
 of Charles II. anno 1664, advanced to the title of Duke of AVtw^,;?/.^ and Earl oCOile." 
 
 " He married two wives, ift. Ehzabeth, daughter and fole heir to William Baflet of 
 Blore in com St/iffcrd, Efq. widow of Henry Howard, a younger fon of Thomas Earl ot 
 Suffolk, by whom he had iilue." 
 
 " Charles, who married .daughter to Richard Rogers of Erianftcn in com. Z^c"- 
 
 fet, and died without ilTue in his father's lifetim.e." 
 
 " Henry his fucceffor and three daughters, viz." 
 
 " Jane, wedded co Charles Cheney of Chefoambcys, in com. Bucks, Efq." 
 
 " Elizabeth, to John Eggerton Earl of ^r/^^-ti;^/.;'?' ; and 
 
 " Frances, to Oliver bt. John, after Earl of Zj'u/^w^rfA-f." 
 
 " He married to his fecond lady Mai garet daughter to Thomas Lucas, of St. John's 
 near Colchcfier in Effex, Efq. a very learned lady and philofopher, buc bv her had no 
 iflue." 
 
 " The fecond Duke of this family v/as 
 
 " Henry Cavendifli, Duke, Marquis and Earl of Netvcajlk, Earl of O^'.V, Vifcount_ 
 Mansfield, B^ron Cavendijlj of Bol/over, Bctbaland Hepple, alio Baron Ogle and knight of 
 the garter. He was in the reign of James II. one of the privy council and governor 
 ot Berivick, and Lord Lieutenant of the counties of Northumberland and Notiingham, and 
 died 1691." 
 
 *' He married Frances daughter of William Pierepont, feco.nd fonof Pvobert Earlof 
 
 Kin^llo,!,
 
 24 THE nrSTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [SECT. Il] 
 
 K'.ngiton^ by Iicr he had iflue : 
 
 " Henry Cavendilh, ft i led Earl of Of /^, his only Ton, (of the privy council to King 
 Charles II.) who married Elizabeth daughter and heir to Joceline Piercy Earlof A'or- 
 tbtimltrlanJ, wiiercupon he aflumed her title and bore her arms, but died without iflue 
 at London 1680." 
 
 " The late Duke thus deprived of male ilTue, the ducal eftate devolved to 
 " John Holies, fourth Earl of C/^r^-, in right of his wife Margaret, 3d daughter of 
 Heniy Duke of NewcajlU. This nobleman appeared with a fpirit like his noble an- 
 cclcors, and that with tlie earlieft, in the juft affertion of the liberties ofthefe nations 
 from the bondage of popery and tyranny; in confidcration of which he was in the 6th 
 year of King William and Queen Mary 1694, advanced to the dignity of Marquis 
 of Clare and Duke q{ N'swca/lle, having been before fworn of their majefnes mod honour- 
 able privy council ; alfo in the loth of King William III. 1698, inftalled knight of the 
 moft noble order of the garter." 
 
 " In the year 1700, v/hen the Lords in parliament framed and pafTed an aiSt for au- 
 thorizing certain commiffioners to treat of a union with ^'co.'I.vid, his Grace was then 
 nominated for one of them, but the treaty at that time not having its defired efFed, he 
 was in the 5th year ofQueen Amme 1706, by commifTion under the great feal oC Eag- 
 land, again appointed of thatnumb^-r, under whole management that great and remarka- 
 ble work was accomplifhed. By another aft paiTed in the 4th of Queen Anne as lord 
 privy feal, he was appointed one of the lords juificep, 'till t'le arrival of a lliccefTor, and in 
 the 7th of Queen Anne, upon the unhappy lofs oi George Prince o't Denmark, was ap- 
 pointed one of the lords commiflioners for holding the firft parliament of Gr^^/.5r//^/;7, 
 having before been conftituted lord privy leal, and fworn of her Majefly's mod honoura- 
 ble privy council J he was alfo loid lieutenant of the county, and of the county of the 
 town of Nottingham, lord warden of the foreft ofSbirwood, lord lieutenant of theeaft and 
 north ridings of the county of 2'ork, and governor of the town and fort o( Kingston upon 
 Hull. He had by thiilaJy one only daughter, the lady Henrietta, now countefs dowager 
 of Oxford j^nd countefs of Mortimer. This Duke having likewife no ifTue male, fettled 
 the ducal eftate upon his nephew." 
 
 «' Thomas Lord Peiha:ii, cldcft fbn of Thomas Lord Pelbp.m and Grace his fecond 
 lady, youngelt: fuler of John Duke of Newcaftle, was born the i\i\ of Julv, 1694. He 
 had diis large eftate lefc him by the laft will of his uncle, bearing date July 15th, 17 11, 
 and that he fliould bear the name and arms of Holies." 
 
 " The Pelhams are an ancient and renowned family; they took their name from the 
 lordfl-:ip of /^<f//.)^;« in Hcirlfordfiire, and mention is made that the laid lordfhip in the ^ifl: 
 of Edward I. was part of the pofleirions of Walter de Pilbam; in the reign of King 
 Edward IK. John de P^/Z'i.';« gained great fame, being with that King at the battle of 
 Poidiers, which was fouglit on Monday September 19, 1^56, the ^cth of Edward III. 
 He was competitor with Sir Roger de la Warr in taking John King of Fr^;^r^ prifoner 
 in the battle, and tho' above ten other knights challenged the taking of that King, yet 
 rt was found that Sir Roger and Sir John de Pelbam were moft concerned, wherefore in 
 memory of lb fignal an adion, and that king's delivering his fword to them. Sir Roger 
 had the champet or chape of his fword, for a badge of that honour, and John de Pelbam 
 afterwards knighted, had the buekle of a belt as a mark of the fiime Honour, which v/as 
 foaictimes d.^-. as a feal manual, and at otliers on each fide a cage, being the emblem of 
 
 -captivity
 
 [sect. It.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 25 
 
 captivity of the faid King, and was therefore borne for a crcll ; the buckles were likewifc 
 ufed by his defcendants ; and ihe fecond coat in his Grace's atchievement is charged wich 
 two belts having buckles to them." a. 
 
 But to return to the cafllc. Whatever might be the intention of its noble founder 
 in creeling this building cannot be certain. If for a fa'Tiily refidence its fituatio.n is no 
 ways fitted for that purpofe; as an objedt of admiration to the furrounding csuntry, in 
 union zuilh tbe rock on which it Jlands, it falls very lliort of our wiflies and cxpeftation. 
 Could nature, in all her wanton fports, effeded a better fite for a ftudy of architeftuml 
 harmony than this ? Far and near it itrikes the beholder with ideas of the fublime if not 
 beautiful; when contralled, at a near view, with the delightful meadows below, it is a 
 venerable objedl, delegable from its apparent years. Art fliould here have been in 
 efTedl as bold as nature ; a lofty and mally pile towering towards the heavens, with tur- 
 rets andembatded walls, the talk- of ages pafl, placed on its brow, inftead of the prefent 
 formal and fquat edifice, would have created a fcene of fplendour, not in fcemingly 
 irregular order. 
 
 The 
 
 a. " In the year 1714, the 26lh of Oflober, his Majefty King George T. was pleafed fo advance him 
 ^Thomas Lord Pelham above named) to the dignity of Earl of Clarc\n com. Suffolk, and VifcOunt Haughton 
 in com Nottingham, with remainder to the honourable Hcnrv Pelharn his brother, and (o his heirs male." 
 
 " He was on the 28th of Oftober 1714, coiillituted Lord Lieutenant of the county o( Nottingham, and 
 Cuflos Rotulorum thereof, the 16th of November following. 
 
 " On the lOth of November 1714, he was conftituted Cuftos Rotulorum of the county of A/j(/(//(/(:.v, and 
 Lord Lieutenant of tlie faid county, and of the city and liberty of H'tflmin/ler the 28th of December follow- 
 ing; alio in the fame year he was conllituted fteward, keeper and warden of the foreft o{ Shirwood and 
 park of Folewood in the county of NoHingham." 
 
 '• And his Majefty farther confiderjng his great merits and zeal to his fervice, was gracioufly pleafed 
 on the 2d of Auguft 1718, to create him Marquis and Duke of A'frDfrt///« with remainder to his brother 
 the right honourable Henry Pelham. On the i3ih of April 1717, he was declared lord chamberlain of 
 the houfliold, and iworn of the privy council the i6th of April ; alfo at a chapter held at St. James's the 
 3 ift of March J 718, was elefted one of the knights companions of the mo ft noble order of the garter, ' 
 and inftalled at Ifvidfor the 30th of April following. On the 2 2d of July his Grace was one of the 
 peers commiffioned by his ^lajefty who figned at the cockpit It'hitehaU, in conjunftion widi (he imperial 
 plenipotentiary and others the treaty of alliance between Ins Britannic!; majefty, the Emperor, and the 
 K'\ng of France, purliiant to a convention between his Majefty af Crfat-Britaiv and the Fnmh King." 
 
 " On the 19th ofMay 1 7 19 he wasdcclaredone of thelordsjuflices forthe adminiftration ofthegovern- 
 ment, which honour he had likewile m 1720, 1723, 1725, and 1727." 
 
 " On the 4th of June 1719, being coinmiffioned bv the fovcreign with Henry Grey, Hake oi Kent, 
 lord privv feal, and John Duke ot Mountague ; they inftalled at U'indfi/r, Evelyn Pierrepont, Duke of 
 Jxingston, a knight companion of the inoft noble order of the garter. He was likewile in commiftion 
 with the faid Duke of Kingston the 24th of May 1720. and inffalled Charles Spencer Earl of Sunderland a 
 knight companion of the laid order ; on the zd of April 1724, his grace refigning his poft of chamber- 
 lain of the houfhold, was declared one of his Majefty's principal fccretarics of ftate, and on the 8th of 
 the fame month took his place at the board." 
 
 " In April 1726, lie was chnfen recorder of Nollingham. At his prefent .Majcfly's acceffion to the 
 thrnn'j his Gr..ce w.is continued in all his places, and fworn of his privy council. In July 1737, he was 
 choien high fteward of C',;m3nrf;e ; and in 1710, he was one of the regents, during his Majefty's ftay be- 
 yond the feas. Alfo in 1749 he was chofe chancellor (uf the univerfity of Camtiridoe." 
 
 The following is taken chiefly from the Englith Peerage in three quarto vols, printed for G. G. and J. 
 Robin'bn, 1790. 
 
 " The Duke of Newcifllt (to whom this edition ofTiiOROTON is dedicated) Henry Fiennes Pelharii 
 Clinton, Djke ofSezoca/iU under Line, Eail of Lincoln, knight of the gaiter, one of liis iMajcIlv's 
 jiioft honourable pi ivy council, lord lieutenant and cuftos rotulorum of the county of Nvthr.ghnn, 
 
 iieward, 
 
 D
 
 ;0 THE fllSTORV OF THE TOWN AND COONTy [sECT. II.^ 
 
 The views from tliis rock abound in variery, feme are e«enfive and others beautifu!: 
 The Trent forms a fine curve near IVilford; in its paffage towards CUftm it prcfcnts a 
 filvery broad bofom. On the Wollalon fide, over the park, are a variety of attradtions. 
 A rich valley, interfperfcd with woodland, leads your eye into Derby/hire, where diftancc 
 appears boimdlefs. A vaft fpacc is fcen hence between Ruddington hills and Colwick, in 
 which Bd-jcir caftle appears majeftical. The bird's-eye view, over the town of Net ^ 
 tiiigbam, is far from formal ; the romantic fcenery, juft below, and many of the buildings 
 create a pleafing variety. The town of Nottingham feen from the terrace at the fouth- 
 wardly angle forms a figure, taking in the little river Leen, nearly thus. See lig. j. 
 facing, page 22. 
 
 The architcd of this caftle was March, a Lhuclnjhire man, -whofe name is now of no 
 celebrity wliatever it might have been. It ftands on a ruftic bafement, the order Corin- 
 thian. You approach the grand apartments over a double flight of fteps. An equef- 
 trian ftatue of W illiam Duke of Nezaca/lle is placed over the door of the north caft front, 
 hewn out of a fingle block of ftone, by one Wilfon. a. The area, or rather the court 
 yard, is encompaifed with a ftone wall breaft high, where the air blows brifl^ly. « On 
 the north fide there is a fpacious green court, much larger than that mentioned in the 
 old works, becaufe the ftrudlures of the new tower took up a great part of this ground, 
 which is likewife encompafied by a ftone wall, not fo high as o hinder any profpeft; in 
 this court, facing the middle of the north front, is a wooden door opening into the park; 
 about twenty odd yards weft of this, there was a door leading by a ftair-cafc cut in the 
 rock, into the great and ftrong tower built by Edward IV. which tower was half an 
 
 oftagon, 
 
 flcward, keener and guardian of 'he foreft of Shiru'ood and park of Fohoood in the county of 
 Js'oltini^luim, high fleward o( Eafl-Rttford in the county of Sotlingham, auditor of the receipt of his 
 Majedv's exchequer for li(c, comptroller of the cuftoms in the port of London, high Reward of 
 Weltminfier, prefidcnt of the Wcfiminjla hofpilai, doftor of laws, and fellow of the royal fociety." 
 
 '• This noblerr.an was born ilic zoth of April 1720. He fucceeded to the title of Earl of 
 Lincoln, upon the death of his brother April 30, 1730. He fucceeded to the title of Duke of 
 Ktuicaftle upon the death of Thomas I'elham Holies, Duke of Kewcajlk upon Tyne, in the county 
 of A\ri thiimicrLnd, Marquis of Clare, Earl Clare, and Vifcount Pelham, viho by King George 
 the 11. was created Duke of Newcaflk under Line, in the county of Staford, with lemainder to 
 Henry Earl of Lincoln (now Duke of KezccaJiU) and died November 17, 17^8." 
 
 " The Duke married 0£lobcr i6lh, 1744, Catherine, daughter of the right honourable Henty 
 Pelham, brother of Thomas Duke of Newcaflk, by which lady, who died July 29th, 1760, he 
 had ilTue. iR. Henry Finnes Pelham, Earl of Lincoln, who marrted Frances, daughter o( Francis 
 Eail of H:rtford J by which Lady, who died in 1760, he had ilTue. His Lordfliip died Oflober 
 zzd, 1778. ad. Thomas Pelham Earl of Lincoln born in 1752, who had a chief command in 
 America the lad war, and John Pelham who died in 17S1." 
 
 " The family of Clinton is defcended from William Chamberlain of Kormaridy. whofe three Tons 
 came over to England with William the conqueror. They took their name from the Inrdfhip 
 of Climpton, now Glimptjn in Oxfordfliire." Their defcendants have been long diftingniflied for 
 their honourable alliances, their diftinguiflred appointm.cnts as commanders by fea and land, and 
 for holding, under the crown, high offices of trull. 
 
 Crkations. Earl of the county of Lincoln 4th of May 1572. Duke of 'Stwcaftlt und#r Lint 
 in the county of Stafford, 13th of November 1756. The chief ieal Clumber park lodge in this 
 county. 
 
 a. '• Wilfon, Deering fays was an ingenious artift, ofwhomit is remarkable that after this perform- 
 ance of his, he was for a time fpc.iled tor a ftatuary ; becaufe a L^iceflerfltire widow lady, the Lady Pulley, 
 ■who was poflclfed of a very large jointure, falling deeply in love with him, got him knighted, and 
 married him ; but he living up to the extent of his apron-ftring ellate, and his lady dying before him, 
 Sir William returned to his former occupation, and the public recovered the lofs of an eminent artift,"
 
 [sect. II.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. A'/ 
 
 cftagon, the walls of which were upwards of 12 feet thick ; this pafiage Mr. Paramour 
 remembrcd very well ; bcfides the bridge which goes over that pare of the ditch where 
 the ancient fortified bridge once ftood, another was built acrofs the mote more direftly 
 oppofue to the old gate of the outer ward, after this new palace was finiflied for t!ie 
 more convenient driving a coach up to the caftle, but the foundation of thii v/as fo badly 
 fccured that the north fide of it fell down fome few years alter; this has lately been 
 made good with earth and is railed on each fide and covered with green fods, and is now 
 become apleafant way into the green court, between which and the north front of the caltlc 
 there are many fteps leading from call to weft down into a pAvcd yard, by which, when 
 his Grace and family are here, the trades people who ferve the lioufe with provifions can 
 go into the kitchen and other offices under the main building; at the weft end of this 
 yard there goes a door out of the rock where his Grace the prefent Duke in the year 
 1720, cauil-d a convenient flaughter-houfe to be built, whither oxen, flieep, deer, &c. 
 were brought immediately from the park, and when drefs'd, by thejuft mentioned door 
 through this lower yard into the kitchen and ftore places; at the eaft end of this yard ii 
 to be ken a place walled up with brick, this opened the way into the dungeon of which 
 if/aW fpeak s, and alfoMr. Camden, where thole figures we have fpoken of before were 
 engraven on the walls His grace when at Nottingham in the year 1720, as I am inform- 
 ed, had this place opened, in order to fee whether any thing of them was yet to be found, 
 but it being almoft entirely filled up with rubbilh, no difcovery could be made." b 
 
 That celebrated paifage in this rock, called Mortimer' s-hole, is now much in the fame 
 condition as in Deer i no's time. Much credit appears to be due toth- circumfi:antial 
 account of it by Deering, and fome other things appendages to the caftle, which he 
 carefully infpe£ted, and by his induftry has thrown much light on that dark tradition, 
 that thepaffage noticed was cut as a hiding place for the favorite Mortimer. I therefore think 
 it but juftice due to his care that I infert here his account of it in preference of any re- 
 lation I might fubftitute, obferving only that this fubterraneous pafiage leads through 
 the body of the rock to the bank of the little river Leen. 
 
 " This vault undoubtedly muft have been in a much better condition in Lcland's, Cam- 
 den's, and even in my anonymous author's time, than at prefent, wherefore I cannot help 
 wondering at their incurious infpeftion of it, which has led them into diverfe errors con- 
 cerning the name it bears. This way through the rock was provided with no lefs than 
 fix gates, befides a fide one on the left hand going down ; the firft was above ground 
 leading from the turret down to the i'econd, the place where the turret ftood is now 
 covered by part of the modern fabrick, and the pafiage to the fecond gate is filled and 
 the gate icfclf walled up with ftone, to this leads a new pafiage cut out of the rock fince 
 the building of the prefent calHe, without the wall of the paved yard. The diftance 
 between the firft and the fecond gate I take to have been about 16 yards ; from this we 
 ftep down 14 yards and meet with the marks of another, and 15 yards lower was a 
 fourth ; about 45 yards below this on the left hand we obferved a gate bricked up, which 
 with feven or eight fteps did lead up into fome works of the old tower, (as die late Mr. 
 Jonathan Paramour informed me) in whofe time it was bricked up; about eight yajds 
 below this ftood a fifth, and the fixth and loweft which opened iinto the rock yard aiid is 
 
 now 
 D 2 
 
 h. Dekriko. The figures Viere fpoken of were the palTion of our Saviour, made by David, king of 
 
 the Suti, when a pi ifuiicr here.
 
 «3 . THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [fECT. II.] 
 
 now alio bricked up, is fiill about nine yards lower, fo ih.u the whole leng^Il ofthisonce 
 well llcurcd fuDterraiuoiis palTage tiom tlie court of the old tower to the foot of the rock 
 is 107 yaids or 321 feet: This vault is 7 feet high and fix wide, had all tiie way down 
 broail ftcps cut in th^- rock, the which are at this time almoft entirely worn out in the 
 middle, but may plainly be perceived at the fides; there aie ail the way down till within 
 15 or 16 yards of the bottom, openings in the fide of the rock to convey light into this 
 pallage, and to fcrve the foldivis to fhuot their arrows through upon the enemy, in the 
 upper part are cut out feveral regular port-holes, wh.ich lliew, that during the civil war, 
 cannons were planted there, which commanded all the meadows 5 there are befides in 
 this part of the vault oblervablc, many holes or excavations about a foot in height, 
 breadth and depth, thefe feem to have been made to lodge cannon-balls in, to prevent 
 their rolling to the bottom." 
 
 " By this account taken from the prcfent appearance of this place, it may eafily be 
 judged, that it was contrived for a much weightier purpofe than to carry on a love-in- 
 •trigue, as a certain author will have it, viz. that Mortimer ordered this pallage to be cut 
 out, for a private way to come to the Queen's apartments, and that from thence It got 
 the name oi Mortimer's -hole. A very ili grounded conjedure. What occafion had he 
 to come privately to tiie Queen, v/hen the polls and en-ploymenis the Earl was in, du- 
 ring the minority of the King, not only furnifiied him with frequent oppoitunides of 
 going publickly to her, but the urgency of affairs made it indifpenfably neceflary that he 
 fnould ofcen attend her Majefty". 
 
 " Had Mr. Camden been more exaft in obferving the place we are fpeaking of, he 
 would hardly have fallen into the error of imagining that it got its name, " becaufe 
 " Mortimer had it made to hide himltlf in, being afraid of himfelf out of a confcioufnefs 
 " of his own guilt." Is it not reafonable to fuppofe, if the Earl oi March hzd ordered 
 this place to be made for his concealment, he would likewife have taken care that it 
 fhould have been made convenient for that end, whereas the whole vault is one conti- 
 nued ftair-cale without fo much as one fingle fhelf in the fide of the rock for a perfon to 
 fit down u;;cn " 
 
 " Befides if we layafide the confideratlon of the ftrufture of this paflage, the opinion 
 of iVIr. Camden will hardly be approved by any thinking perfon, that that nobleman, 
 gencndly kno'vn to live in the caltle with the Queen, fliould chufe to hide himfelf in a 
 rocky cave, when at the fiune time he could be in the royal apartment, and that with 
 full as much fafcty, for the Queen had the keys of the caftle delivered to her every night, 
 and laid under her pillow ; moreover the Earl of March when the place was furprized, 
 was not found there but in the apartment of the Queen; in fhort had the Earl defigned 
 this vault for his fecurity, it muft be fuppofed he would have taken more particular care 
 ■ that it fhould be fufhciently guarded againft any fudden furprize, whereas it feems no 
 extraordinary care v.'as taken of it, elfe it would have been out of the power even of the 
 governor to have given King Euward the opportunity of coming into the caflle that way". 
 " But there juft now comes to my hand a manufcript Englifo chronicle, which by the 
 language feems to be wrote in the reign of King Henrv VI. this pofuively affirms, that 
 neither iV:o*timer nor the Queen knew any thing of this paflage ; thefe are the words : 
 Chap. 111". 
 
 " And in haft ther came unto Kyng Edw. Sir William Montague, that he was in his 
 *' caftell and pryvelyche told him, that he ne none of his companions fliulde not take the 
 
 Mortimer
 
 [sect. II.] Cr THE TOWX OF NOTTI .VGH AM. 
 
 "-9 
 
 " Mcrtinier vAthovt covirfliilo and hclpe of William Elind, ccr'(>abill of the fiime caftell. 
 " Now ceitis quod K\ng Euv/ard I Icve you full well, and therefor 1 counfaiil you 
 " that ye goo unto the faide conftdbill, and coinmaunde him in my name that he be your 
 ". frende and your helper fjr to take the Alert hier, all things left uppon peyne of lyfc 
 " and lymmbe. Sir quod Mountague my lordc graunte mercye. 'I ho went forth the 
 " faide Mountague and come to the conftabill of the caliell and told him the Kyng's 
 « wille, and he anfwered, the Kyng's wille Ihulde be done in all that he myghr, and he 
 " wolde not fpare for no manner ofdeth and fo he fwhorc and made his othe. Tho 
 " faide Sir William Mount;'.gue to the conftabJl in herynge of all them that were helpyno- 
 " to the quarrel. Now cerds dere ffrendes us behoveth for to worche and done by 
 « your Quevntyfe to take the Mortimer, fith ye be the keeper of the cafleil and have the 
 " kayes in your wanle. Sir quod the conftabill wol! ye underftonde that the yats of the 
 « cailell bech loken widi lokys, and Qnsen Isabell fcnt bidder by night for the kayes 
 " thereof, and they be layde under the chemfell of her bedJis hede u.ito the morrow, 
 " and fo I may not come into the calhdl by the yats no manner of wylV, but yet I know 
 << another weye by an aley ch>u ftre'chith oute of the ward under the earthe into the caftcll 
 " that gooth into the weft, which aley Queen Isabell, ne none ofher meayne, ne the 
 <f Mor//;«<?rnrnoneofhiscompanye kno\, ithitnot, and fo I ftiall ledeycu through the aley, 
 " anlfoyeftnUcomeintothecaftellwithoutafpyesofany maniihatbeth yourenemies, &c". 
 
 " It is therefore much more probable, that as the King and his band can^.e up this 
 paflage on purpofe to feize Mortimer's perfon, and as the Earl after he was taken prilbncr, 
 was brought out of the caftle rhrough this very lame paflage, it was in remcm.brdnce cf 
 this event called Mortimtr's-ho!e. There is no account when this vault was made which 
 I have met with, except what Collins in his peerage quotes from Drayton's barons war, 
 viz. " This wonderful palfage hnd been hucd and dug during the Danijh invafion by 
 " fome of the Saxon Kings for the better fecurity in cafe of a fiegc". icr my part if I 
 confider how ftrongly this place was provided with gates, I cannot help thinking that it 
 was defigned to relieve the caftle with men and prcvifions, in cafe an enemy fLould be in 
 pofTelTion of the town, the opening of it being both without the town and caftle -< all.-, and 
 the rock yard being covered with two round baftions, in the outer w^ll of the caft e facing 
 the fouth, of which a good part is yet ftanding, and that after the Ncrnian conqueft, it 
 was made ufeof in time of peace to convey the meal and beer, which was ground (efpe- 
 cially after the Legn was brought to run by the caftle) and brewed for the p-arrifon, the 
 ncareft way into the caftle". 
 
 « The rock -yard into which thelaftand lo weft gate in Mortimer's y^cV opens, is called 
 in old writings the brewhoufe of the caftle, and indeed it had no other houfcs in it but 
 fuch as ferved for the conveniency of brewing for the garrifon ; until King James I. by 
 a particular grant under the broad feal, feparaicd it from the caftle." 
 
 " '1 his grant was made to one Edward Ferres, of London, mercer, and Francis 
 Philips, of London, gent, exemplify'd to John Mitten, and William Jackibn, bearing 
 date the iSthof King James n( England, and the 55th o( Scotland, amiodom. 1621; fince 
 which time a pretty many houfes have been buik lii it, efpecially in the cl.jfe, which in 
 the gr. nt is called Dovecoat clofe. In thi> yard ftood alfj the mill of the caitlc, which 
 ufed to grind all the corn for the fupport of the garrifon." 
 
 « Farther weft in the yard within a piece of ground now turned into a kitclien garden, 
 are to be feen the remains of a ftair cafe, opening to the eaft and leading up into the 
 
 rock.
 
 20 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [sECT. Il] 
 
 rock, wherein feveral rooms are formed with pretty even floors. Here formerly was 
 the makoffice belonging to the calllc, as appears plainly by the kiln, which to this day 
 
 is tobefcen". 
 
 " The brewhoiife-yard was lately part of the jointure eftate of Mrs. Collin, relift of 
 the l,.te Jolin Collin, Efq ; alderman of IScttingham, and mother of Langford Collin, 
 Efq. one of his Majeiiy's Juftices of the peace for the county oi ISottingbain ; the kitchen 
 o-arden and an houfe on the right hand going into Brcvvhoufe--Yard, only excepted, which 
 hoiifc; and pardcn were given b- Mr. Peacock, to a fociety of people who formerly ufed 
 to meet here and called thimfelves the family of love; thefe premifes are at this time in 
 the poffeflaon of mailer Ring, an infant, and grandfon of the late Thomas Smith, 
 
 " It is a confcablery which Dr. Thoroton with Mfs J. M. is pleafed to call a recep- 
 tacle for fanaticks, and other like people, who would not live confoimable t^the lav/s. 
 This cenfure icems to me too fevere, inaftnuch as it not only favours of a perfecudng 
 fjirit, but is founded on a falfe fuppofition, as if this place (being in the county at large; 
 were any more exempt from the obedience to the laws of the land, than any other place 
 in the county, and that in a reign where no vifible corner of die kingdom could flielter 
 anv number of perfons from the rigorous execunon of that coercive law the A£t of 
 Uniformity". 
 
 « From the baftion of the eaft corner of the Brewhoufe-yard, the ruins of the outer 
 wails of the caftle run north, and overagainft a ftreet called Caftlegate are feen the ruins 
 of the laro-eil round baftion, in the middle between this and the outer gate in the wall 
 which bends a little weftward, a low gate is obfcrved, which 1 dare venrure to fay was a 
 fal'y-port. The main gate is placed between two baftilles : From hence the wall aimoft 
 due weft lo the park, there, make an angle, and extending itfelf in a line northward did 
 join the poltern, of which notice has been taken. 
 
 '• 1 he outer-ward within the outer wall, is fpacious, on the right hand of which was 
 the pindage of the caftle, and on the left where now a garden and nurfery of trees is 
 planted was the dove-coat, as I am informed by the above-mennoned Mr. Jonathan 
 Paramour, who lived with duke William when the foundation of the new caftle was laid". 
 " The ditch round the caftle was a dry mote of a ccnfiderable depth and breadth, as 
 may eafily be difcovered even at this dme". 
 
 " On the other fide of the ditch at the firther end of that part of the rock whereupon 
 the new tower ftood, there was till within thefe i 8 or 20 years, an hole opening fome- 
 what towards the eaft, called by the common-people James ticoS's hole, which as the 
 tradinon goes, did lead acrofs the park, under ground, quite to Lenten, a good mile in 
 length; this being a vulgar error, I will here take an opportunity ot clearing up the 
 matter. Had iuch a pallage ever been made, it would be hard to find out a ufe for it 
 adequate to fuch an herculean labour, and whofoever conftders how low the valley is 
 b.-tv^een the caftle rock and the high hill where Lenten (Hie is placed, v. ill with m.uch ado 
 allov/ it poffible to be done, but hardly deem it probable that fuch a piece of v/ork fliould 
 ever have been undertaken: To be fliort, let the reader but cafl an eye upon the plan of 
 the old caftle here annexed, and he will readily be convinced that the truth of the matter 
 is this: When by ordcrof his Gra:e William Duke oi Nemcnfile, the old works of the 
 new tower were clearing, the labourers by flinging fome pietcy large ftones down the 
 fid^- of t;-.e rock, beat in the ground and m.ade accidentally this hole, which fhewed the 
 
 cuious
 
 |SECT. II.] or THE TOWN OF KOTTl NCIIAM. ^t 
 
 curious a way into the rock, this uiming at firft a little to the right and the quantity of 
 rubbifli rendering the going far into the rock very difficult, has made them fancy that 
 paflage went direftly weft and confequently to Lmton, tho' nobody has ever offered tt> 
 fliew any opening at Lento}!, to anfwer tliis pretended I'ubterraneous way, and the above 
 mentioned plan clearly lliews, that the hollow in that place was nothing cHe but a way into 
 A range of cellars under the feveral royal apartrnents and buildings on the north and weft 
 part of the rock. The name of James Scot's hole proceeded from a miffake of the Scottij'b 
 King Daviu II. who is faid to have been prifoncr in this caftle, which moves me ro 
 examine how far the ftory related of that King is well or ill-grouaded". * 
 
 " The dungeon orprifon of the caftic was widely diftant from, the hole wc have been 
 fpeaking of, for according to Lcland it was fouth from ih^ hole, i. c. under the fiiftfteps 
 which lead up to the paved court of the prefenc caflle. That there were fuch rooms as 
 Mr. Camden fpeaks of, manyfteps deep in the rock, into which peribns were obliged to 
 go with a candle light, and that thcfe ftcps went from the firft court, as alfo that the 
 pafiionof our Saviour Cbriji and other things were engraven on the walls of thcfe rooms, 
 we may credit him who relates it as an eye-v/itnefs ; but that thofe figures were made by 
 David King of 6V;/.f, is not quite fo clevir: For that great antiquarian does not aflcrt it 
 directly, but with thefe cautionary words, (as they fay). 1 will not deny that that King 
 might be a prif )ner in the caftle of Nottinglam, dio' Stozv takes notice tiiat he was 
 brought to PFeJlmlifter the 2d of January 1 147, and thence in the fight of all the people 
 conveyed to the tower, and there lodged in the black nuck near the conftable's guard, 
 and that he was afterwards removed to Oldlfimi caftle, where he re;v:ained prifoncr till 
 ranfomedi becaufe as he was taken prifoner tiie 17th of Odtober 1146, according to the 
 fame author, and could not be brought to London with the reft of the prifuners on ac- 
 count of his wounds in the head; it is very probable that he was brouglic to Nottingham 
 and remained confined in the caftle till he was able to travel : But all this \% ftill fo far 
 from proving that King the author of the above-mentioned figures, that it rather creates 
 a fufpicion to the contrary, becaufe his wounds in the head would not admit of luch a 
 work if they difabled him from travelling." 
 
 " On the north-fide of the caftle without the wall, is a clofe which takes in tlie major 
 part of the caftle hills, and went fiom thence by the name of the hiil-clofe, in the middle 
 of this on a flat and round fpot was fet up King Charles the ift. ftandaid, fiace which 
 time it bore for many years the name offtandaid clofe, 'till of late fome of the Nevil's 
 having rented it, the town's people call it Nevil's-clofe ; where the ftandard was fixed 
 there fto^d a poll for a confiderable number of years, in the room of v^hich when pulled 
 up, the father of John Nevii, Efq. to perpetuate the memory of that remarkable event, 
 planted feveral elms fucceflively, none of which efcaped the uniulinefs of the lads of 
 the town." 
 
 " It is a commonly received error, that the royal ftandard w:is ereftcd on a place 
 called Derry-mount, a litde farther north than the juft mentioned clofe; for it is an arti- 
 ficial hi'l raifed on purpofe for a wind mill to ftand upon, which formerly was there; 
 befidesthi^ hill is not within thejurifd.ctio 1 of the caftle." 
 
 «' This our caftle when in its glory (fays William of Neiuhorouib^ was made fo ftronj 
 both by nature and art, that i: was cfteemed impregnable except by fam.ne, if it had a 
 fufHcient garrifon in it, that it had never undergone the common tate o; greut caftles, 
 being never taken by downright ftorni; once It was befieged by Henry Duke ot Jitjou, 
 
 but
 
 32 
 
 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [sEC T. II.] 
 
 but in vain, at which time the garrifon had burnt down all the buildings about it; it was 
 once aJb taken by faq^rize, by Robert count de Ferrariis, in the barons war, who 
 burnt the town, and deprived the people of all they had." 
 
 Within the caftlc I found nothing to attrad ; the pidures, which once adorned the 
 walls of the apartments, are removed, and the cliief of die furniture. Here remains only 
 feme ftarved tapeftry, in fome of the rooms, that require notice. In the ftate bed-room 
 I judge it to be'n-.oft excellent. I remember being fiiewn a ftate bed in this apartment 
 thir:y°or forty years ago, faid to have been flept on by Queen Anne; but that has 
 journeyed hcnre, probably to return no more. Some of the rooms I found occupied 
 by a i\iifs Kirkby ; lately a part of the caftle was ufed as a boarding fchool. 
 
 ' Some eventful periods, refpj6ting Nottingham caltle, may be found under their 
 refpeftive dates. 
 
 The park belonging to the caflle is fmall, and the furface very uneven, it is a great place 
 of refort in the fummer {cxion. It has now no deer, and fcarcely any trees in it. In 1 793, the 
 barracks thereon, was built by a grant from the Duke of NewcaJHe. Near the rock-holes, 
 which are mentioned page 4, is a celebrated echo, "which repeats, "Deering fays, « every 
 word dillindly, tho' beginning with a conf jnant, unleii it be with an M, N, S, or V." 
 
 Nottingham Bridg 1 may next claim our attention for its antiquity. 
 
 ■GouGH, from M S Cott : Tit. A. xxiv, fays, That it was anciently called Heithehithe- 
 hidge. ItatprefentconfiRsofioirreguararches appirendy repaired at a variety of periods. 
 This bridge fpans the river 'Trent, which river Scow's chronicle informs us, was dried up in 
 1 1 10. Knighton, alio notices this event. There was a bridge built over the Irentio long 
 back as the time of the elder Edward, which had ftone piers and the reft wood ; but it was 
 in a great meafure deftroyed by the ice after a very fevere froft which began in Septem- 
 ber, and lafted till the February following. In addiiicm to uhat is noticed above of the 
 name it anciently bare, it is fpelt in old writings various ways, as Heathbeth-hndgCy 
 I^eathbethe brigg, He^thbet, and Hebetbe-hndg<:. a Hereafter the reader will perceive 
 th t Thoroton mentions a chapel that formerly ftood upon this bridge, an arch of which 
 was remaining in his time. There have been many gifts and legacies towards the 
 reparation of this bridge, now called Trent hndg>; ; the crown alfo, it appears, have, at 
 divers times, been bounciful in this refpedt. The corporation of Not.'iugbam has the 
 fole difpofal of the money arifing from theie benefaclions. The bridge now is much 
 too narrow for the numerous paflengers that go to and from Nottingham, b. 
 
 Of eventful periods the following have been- handed down by hiilorians. Nottingham 
 by Stow's account was nearly deftroyed by fire in the year 1 140, by the forces under the 
 Earl ofGloiice/lsr, who plundered the town when the inhabitants were incapable of defence, 
 flew many of tiiem with the fvvord, and otliers he burnt in the churches, whither they 
 had fled for fafety. Henry, Ion of the Emprefs Maud, afterwards EIenry II, in the 
 yar 11 53, alfo beficged and tjok Nottinz,hr.:nczit\z, which place continued in the hands 
 of the crown, till Robert Earl of Ferrers and Darby, being in the fervice of young 
 M.nry, againft his father, came fuddenly and drove the King's forces from thence, burnt 
 the town, flew many of the inhabitants, and divided their goods amongft his foldiers. 
 
 Nottingham, 
 
 a. Mr. Plumptre, a gentleman of learning, in Deeking's time, conceives its derivation to be from the 
 b.ixon woids nfalh, liiijh rfnii hiT.th. li,.ii.. lo Hut in iin^jliili U uoukl be la^k-buik bridge, a name it might 
 recet%'e from an :i Ij.neni halhin-:; r late. 
 
 b. Whilluck mentions a fort to have been upon ihe briii ^e in the civil wars.
 
 [sect, n.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 23 
 
 No'tinibam, after this affliftingcircuinftance, layir.ruin, until IIen'Rv II, was peace- 
 ably {ett'.ed on. his throne, by the death of his ion. This monarch w.is exceedingly 
 bountiful to the inhabitants; he not only made them confiderable prefenrs iow>ids the 
 rebuilding the town, but granted them a new charter, which is fhewn in the next litftion. 
 
 In 1 179, Henry, for the encouragement of the town, kept Ws Chriftmas here wich 
 William King Oi Scotland, a John, the 4th fon of Henry II. wrs in polfeffion of the 
 caftle, and had the title of Karl of Nottingham ; in which place he refideil with regal 
 dignity in the abfence of his brother Richard I. who was gone to the holy wars j but 
 afpinng to the rrovvn he loft his power in this place, HoweYer, in the yar n 93, he 
 recovered it by force of arms, At Richard's return from the holy land he fubdued 
 John and his forces, and retook the caftle in perfon, A, D. 1194. Here Richard 
 called a parliament, and charged his brother John, and his adherents, with high crimes 
 againft himfclf and the ftate, and in confequence demanded immediatejudgcment againft 
 them. A proclamation being illued forth, that if Earl John and his adherents did not 
 appear in forty days, that John fliould forfeit all his pofiefTions, and his adherents fhould 
 be fubjeiSt to fuch penalties parliament fhould award againft them. John not appearing 
 he forfeited his pofteflions, and was judged incapable of fucceeding to the crown, c At 
 this parliament or counfel Eleanor, Queen mother, Henry ll's widow, fat on the 
 right hand of the King. 
 
 John, after the death of his brother Richard, being King, often honoured Notting- 
 ham with his prefence. In 1212 he marched to Nottingham, and there hanged fome 
 hoftages, which, but the year before, he had received from the PFelfij who had offended 
 him. John, ever timid and kifpicious, the fame year, (hut himfelf up in die caftle, 
 with an hired armed force, in dread of a plot againft him which he had received informa- 
 tion of. Nottingham was a favorite place of this prince to which he was a confiderable 
 benefaftor. Here he kept his Chriflmas feaft in 12 15. When the dauphin o( Francet 
 contended with King John for the crown, Nottingham was highly in the King's intereft. 
 
 Henry III. and Edward I. and II. were frequently at Nottingham; as have been 
 alfo many of the prime nobility and diftinguifhed perfons of the land, at this early period 
 of our hiftory. 
 
 a. Magna Brit, 
 
 b. Stow. 
 <;. Rapin, 
 
 SECTION IIL
 
 [ 34 ] 
 SECTION III. 
 
 Its Hijlory and AntiquitieSy &c. under the government of 
 Mayors, fucccjjively, down to the prejent time. 
 
 tSBsamx=- 
 
 W E come now to fpeak of the civil government o^ Nottingham, its fucceflive grants, 
 privileges, hiftory, &c. 
 
 In pages 490 anJ 491 we find in Thoroton the following account. 
 
 ' It fccms the Conquerour, or one of his fons, gave the Dominion of Nottingham, 
 
 * and the Forcft, to William Peverel his Baftard fon, and in chat time it changed the 
 
 * name from Snotingham to Nottingham. For William Peverel in the Foundation of the 
 
 * Priory of Lent on (which was Founded in Hunrv the firft his time, before the death of 
 < William, Henry the firft's fon) where the words are, Projalutc Lomini mei Henerici 
 
 * Regis, & Matildas Regina tixoris ejus, &' fiii eorum Willielmi, iS flite ecrum Matildje, 
 
 * he gives to this Monaftery the Tythe of hisFifh, of the Fifhing of A^(j///«^/:;<^;« ; and 
 
 * further gives them (Loncedente Dcmino meo Henrico) the Church of St. Mary, of the 
 ' Englifli Borough of Nottingham, the Church of St. Peter, the Church of St Nicholas, 
 ' the Church of /?(^^(?ri^, with many others. 
 
 * The firfl Charter to this Ancient Borough appearing on Record, or that I could 
 
 * ever hear of, was made by Henry the fecond, and it is Enrgenfibus de Nottingham, 
 
 * and he thereby gives them all thofe Free Cuiloms which they had in the time of King 
 
 * Henry his Grandfather, viz. T:hoU and 'Theme, and hifangtheife, and Tall from the 
 
 * (Duffu) way beyond RempJ!on unto Reilford in le North, and from Tburme/lcn unto 
 
 * Newarke, of all pafiing the '■Trent; by the fame Charter he grants to them. That all 
 
 * men coming ad forum dc Nottingham cum quadrigit i^/ummagiis/uis a vefpere diei veneris 
 
 * ujque advejperum diei Sabbat i non namenter nifi pro firtna Regis, 
 
 ' By all this it clearly appears they were a Corporation before, and had thofe Free 
 ' Cuftoms, kept a Market, and paid a Ferme to the Crown. 
 
 ' King JoriN, when he was Karl Mortayne, had all NottingbamJInre, and the Foreft, 
 
 * in a kind of Regal manner, and in that time he granted to the BurgefTes oi Nottingham 
 ' a Charter of Liberties to the fame effedl, as he did in the firfl. year of his Reign, for 
 
 * that when he was King hath relation to the Charter he granted, cum effemus Comes 
 ' Mortayne; and I have feen that old Charter without a Seal. In his Charter as King, 
 
 * he grants them in effeft, what his father had granted, and what they held in the time 
 
 * of his great Grandflither ; and further gives them Gildam mercatoriam, and appoints 
 
 * that whoever fhould by them be conftituted (Prapofitus) BaylifF of that Borough, 
 
 * fliould pay the King's Ferme at his Exchequer at Eafber and Michaelmas, and forbids 
 
 * the infringing of thefe Liberties upon forfeiture of ten pounds. 
 
 ' In
 
 [j;'.7. ii, /^/-/.(.il, 11).] OP TH2 TOV/!>' OV KSTTfN'CKAM, jj 
 
 * In the Charter of Henhy the third the Ferme is cxprcircd to be 52I, blan!:, and Tor 
 
 * that Farm they had by that Charter the aforefaid Town given to them and their hcirt 
 « (a phrafe in thit ancient time including Succeilors) and furtlier that tiicy fiiould talcc 
 
 * Trou.;ge, and h?ve Coroners. 
 
 * Edward the firft granted unto them that they might eleft a M;iior and two Bayliffs 
 
 * Secundum confuetudincm utriufque Burgt, and thattheir Major fhou'd be Hfchcator within 
 
 * the Borough. The ciiftinition of the Boroughs continues to tliis dav, and are called 
 
 * the Englilh and French Borougli. In the Englirh Borough bioodlhed is but 6s, 4d. 
 
 * in the French Borough it is i8s. And in the Plea Rolls of Common Pleas, M. 5 E. 2. 
 ' there is a Cuftom within the Englifh Borough oi Nottingham, That Infants after fifteen 
 
 * years may fell their Lands as if they were of full age. 
 
 ' From Edward the firft till the 27 H. 6. they continued Burgeflcs in their Corpo- 
 ' ration, and then the King made the Borough a County, and turned the BaylifFs into 
 » Sheriffs, and incorporated them by the name of Major and BurgclTes, in which plit-'ht 
 
 * they continue at this day." 
 
 In fuppoit of the above, Deering alTerts that Nottvigham was, doubtlcfs, an ancient 
 borough by prefcription long before the conqueft ; and governed by a Reave or Bayliff 
 {prepcjitus) for above the fpace of 200 years, reckoning no farther back, dian the con- 
 quell. Deering toois. much pains to procure a correft lift of the miyors of this place ; 
 but his attempt was inefFcftual, particularly of tbofe who ferved prior to 1600. The 
 firft given in bis lift is 
 
 1302 Johannes fil de k Paunter. a 
 I am apprehenfive that the intermediate years between Paunur and Ingram might be 
 ferved by one or both of them, fo on in other inftances. 
 
 13 14 Robert Ingram. 
 ij-^o Nicholas dtihelfcrd. 
 This year Edward the III. held a parliament in this town. 
 
 1332 La-^rence de St)iccr. 
 About this time the 5th of Edward III, a great council met here for the purpofe of 
 overthrowing the great favorite of the Queen Mother, Roger Mortimer, Earl of Af^rr/); 
 a ftory too well known to be recited here, particularly as the tranfadion is related in 
 the defcription of Mortimer's hcle, page 28. It appears however, upon good authority, 
 that two of the Earl's friends were flain in the ftruggle when furprized : viz. Hugh de 
 Turpliton knight, and John de Monmouth. The Earl himfelf died on a gallows called 
 the Elms n.ar Smithfield, on which his body hung two days and two nights, before 
 interment. 
 
 1334. If'lUiam de Amy as. 
 
 In 1337 a parliament was alfo held here in which an aft was paft favourable to the cloth 
 trade, and great encouragement was given to foreigns .in that bufincfs to fettle in 
 England, Atthis time alio were obtained a grant of a tenth from the clergy and the cirizens 
 and burgeflTes of great towns, and likewife of thofe who dwelt out of large towns a fifteenth. 
 
 I3J4 
 E 2 
 
 a. The derivation of this title of office. Mayor, is from the Teulonick, and is ufcd to fignifv a cliisf officer 
 not only in moil of the cities and corporate towns in Engldnd, but in France, the Ncthcilands, and 
 other places, Alderman, anciently written Ealdorman fignifying a fenior, was iuch in eficH fav* 
 Verftegan, among our anccftors as was Tribinnut I'lcbis with the Komans, one that had a chief juris- 
 diflion amoag the Romvii.
 
 j6 THE HISTORY Or THE TOWN AND COUNTY [Self. u. Ed, iii. Rtcb. ii.] 
 
 i'}34— 5 Roger de Botchah 
 
 1340 Ralph dt Wolat on. 
 
 1^67 7o/?'« t'atnon. 
 
 I J 70 yc^« Saumotu 
 
 1379 John de Plumtree. 
 
 1382 7cv&« ^1? SmncH. 
 
 1384 John de Samon. 
 
 1389 John de Croivejhagh, 
 1 he nth of Richard II. the King being offended with his laft parliament, com- 
 manded all his jiiftices, &c. to meet him at the caftle of Nottingham on the morrow after 
 St. Bartholemcw day. Prefent the Archbifhop of Tcrk, the Duke of Irelmdy Earl 
 Siiffol':, tlie two chief Juftices Trifilian and Belknapp, with otliers their brethren of the 
 •feveral Benches, Her-c manyweighty matters were fettled refpedting his regal dignity. 
 ■. ■ • 1390 John deCrowefli awe. 
 
 1391 Henry de Normanton. 
 
 1393 William Huncfman. 
 
 1394 John de Plumtree. 
 
 ■ The 15th of Richard's reign alfo, that King held a great council here, and fent for 
 •fome Londoners to lend him /."looo. which they not only refufed themfelves ; but beat 
 and abufed an Italian bccaufe he offered to lend the King the fum required. The King 
 however foon humbled the pride and infolence of tlie citizens, for he feized their liberties 
 and their power, appointed a governor of the city himlelf; and before they recovered 
 their franchies he made them pay ten inftead of one thoufand pounds. 
 
 In 1307 the fame King was at Nottingham on fpecial bulinefs, • 
 1399 John de Tamujley. 
 
 Here it may not be amifs to introduce, as fct down in Thoroton, thofe tranfaftions 
 he has noticed refpefting- A'ijW/w^^/'rtw, during the period we have been fpeiking in this 
 feCtion. In which, the reader will obferve, feveral of the names, of the mayors above 
 mentioned, recited ; referving his account of the religious houfes and hofpitals, and a 
 furdier account of the corporation to be inferred in their rcfpeflive places, to which they 
 'more immediately belong. , . 
 
 *' There is a place on the high Pavement near the corner of St. Maries Churchyard, 
 " called the KingS Hall, which is not within the County of the Town ; in that Hall the 
 " Affizes, and Seflions, and other like bufineffes for the County are held, and under it, 
 " and by it is the Goal or Prifon ; but whether this be the Prilbn which King John 
 " erefted at 'Nottingham^ about the third year of his Reign, or that which is lower in the 
 •' Street under the Towns Hall, where the AlBzes, ike. for that County are kept, I 
 -" cannot certainly determine." 
 
 « The Reparation of the Bridge of Nottingham, 10 Joh. was undertaken by the Bre. 
 " threnofthe Hofpital of St. John in Nottingham." 
 
 " In the year 1241. Walter Grey Arch-bilhop oi Tork fent to Robert Alwin, Matter 
 *' of the Hofpital of St. John Baptill at Nottingham, and to the Fathers there ferving 
 " God, a Statute Rule for the Brethren and Sifters of that Hofpital: firll, that they 
 " Hiould provide two or nnore Chaplains to celebrate Divine Service for ever, &c. 
 ■<' This Mafter and Brethren, 36 H 3, were to have two CarcLoads of Wood out of the 
 
 Woods of Hugh NeviLin Arnhall.'" 
 
 The
 
 ISeil.'ni. Ricb.'n. Henry/iv.l of the town or Nottingham. •<» 
 
 " The Lepers of the Hor:)ical of St. Leonard zt Nottingham^, lo H. 3. had rcafonable 
 " Eftover of dead Wood to be gathered in theForeft oi Notfm^bfvt." 
 
 " The Jury, 30 E. i. found it not to the Kings lofs if hi; gVantcd licence to John ]e 
 " Paiimer of Nottingham, and to Alice liis wife (who was lifuT and heir of Iluph do 
 *' Stapleford, fon of Robert de Stapleford of Nsttiiighatn) to give 61. 13s. 5d. Kent, 
 *' with the Appurtenances in Nottiiigbazv, to a certain Cjiaplain to celebrate Divine 
 " Offices for their Souls, &c. in the' Chapel of St. Mary on Hethebethc Hrigg, wlieru 
 " there is one Arch, yet known by the name of Ch.appell Arch. This Alice out lived 
 " hei' Huiband, who was called John le Palmer the elder, and h:idmttixVtAtJlgartbcrp 
 ^" by Basf'/rd, as in that place may be obfervcd." 
 
 \ " " Tiierehave been many confiderable peifjns refident in this Town, and many Tra- 
 '" ders and Officers here', from whom Families ofgood elleem and worfhip have fpruno-. 
 " From Raph Bugge of this place defcended the Willoughbics of JVoUaicn and Rijley; 
 «' the Binghams, Bugges of Weft Lee; and I fuppofe 'Bigge o( ^tanfcrd v^on Sere, as 
 *' in fevcral places of this Book may be feen." 
 
 " I'he Jury, 32 E. 1'. found it not to the Kings lofs if he granted to Richard de 
 " Willughby, that he might give five Marks Rent, with the Appurtenances in Not- 
 " tingham, held of the faid Richard, to a Chaplain in the Church of St. Peter at Not - 
 '■' tingham, &c." 
 
 " Bugge Hall in Nottingham defcended to Sir Richard de Bingham, Knight, or 
 ■" which name fome continued in this Town till the Reign of Fuwakd the third, or 
 ■" after, whereof one Adam, fon of Adam de Bingham o{ Nottingham, 13 E. 2. paiied 
 " to Richard de Bingham ot' Noitingham his brother, a McfTuage on tjie hi=^h Pavemenr 
 " fcituate betYv^een the Lane by 'St. Maries Church yard, ana a Tenement of Sir Ri- 
 " chard de Willughbies, afterwards given to the Chantry of 6'.y//(;>^ Paifeyes ; and John, 
 " fon of Richard de Bingham oi' Nottingham, 21 E. 3. conveyed it to Henry de Bauke- 
 " well, and Alice his w;tc, to whom Cicily aiid AHce, daughters of Richard de Bing- 
 " ham, and Robert, fon and heir of Richard de Bingham, alio, 2; E. 3. rclcafedit, io 
 " tliat afterwards it had the name of Bakev^cll Place, and 4 R. 2 was paifed to Thomas 
 ■" de Botalle cf Nottingham, whofe fon Mr. Roger Bottale, Arch-deacon of G/'-^'.frtw, 
 ■■" 3 H. 5. fctdcd it on John Bottale his brother, and the heirs cf his body, which John 
 '= had a daug'iter called Joane Burelcy, widow, who, together with William Moly- 
 ^' ncux, fon and heir of Nicolas Molyneux, 37 H. 6. conveyed it to Richard Campyon, 
 "who, 1 E. 4. releafed it to John Hunt of Notti>;gha:n, Merchant, as did alfo, 5 E. 4! 
 " Richard Bingham the Judge, who had been enfeoffed thereof, together with John 
 <' Mancheflre, then dead, by Thomas Kay, Son and Heir of Thomas K.ay, fomedme 
 " o( Nottingbc.m, from which John Hunt it came by Inheritance, accordino- to the Def- 
 " cent in Hockerton to Gilbert Boun, Serjeant at Law, who made it his M.anfion Houfe 
 " from whence, after he had been imprifoned at i)^?-/';' a year or more, by the firft fet- 
 *' ters up of tne late horrid Rebellion in thefe parts, he was, with the lofs of all he had, 
 " violently expelled by the Governor of A^a///«^j{'.^;K." 
 
 " There was an Houfe over againft this, which in 17 E. 3. belonged to Robert 
 
 " Wolaton, and Alice his wife; and in 27 Eliz. is fiiid to lie between the Houfe 01 
 
 '« Nicolas Kinnerfley, Gent, and Joane his wife (but fince Sir Thomas Hutchinfons) and 
 
 « the Common Hail of the County, which laid Eloufe wab by Francis Leeke o( 6utto>t 
 
 *' in le Daleia the County of Darl^y, Efquire, then conveyed to Jolin Boun, Father of 
 
 " t.^0
 
 Q% tin H13T0RV Cr THE TOWN AND COyNTV [S(!T, iii. r.(cl\ U. 7-Vffrj' Iv.^ 
 
 " the faid Gilbert, who <bme years before the faid Rebellion, gave it to be ufcd by the 
 " Countr)- attlie AfTizes as an Mall, for the more convenient Iryals o( Niji Prius, and 
 " it was made with Arches open to the Street on that fide for that purpofe, as it remains 
 " at this day, fo that the other Hall adjoining, is free for Criminal Caufes, or other 
 *' biifinefs of the Crown." 
 
 '< Beyond this new Hall was a pkafant little Garden, which the Lady Katherine 
 *• Hutchinfon (the reli<EV of the faid Sir Thomas) much affefting, about the Kings Rc- 
 " turn purthafed of John Boun, Efquire, the Serjeants elder fon, to enlarge her own, 
 " to which it was contiguous, as flie did alfo (perhaps for t'-'C Gardens fake, wherein 
 " fhe takes great delight) the dwelling Houfe, but thatlhe fhortly after fold to Robert 
 *' White the prefent owner, who in the place of an old Barn or Stable hath built a pretty 
 " New Brick Houfe facing St. Maries Church-yard." 
 
 " There was a fine levyed at NotttLgham the Munday next after the Fcaft of St, Mar- 
 *' tin, ^ E. 3. between Walter, fon of Robert Ingram, Quer. and Robert Ingram, 
 " Chivaler, and Orframma his wife, Deforc. of four MefTuages, one Oven, forty Acres 
 *' of Land, fix Acres of Medow, and loos. Rent, with the Appurtenances in Nctfing- 
 " biT/!7, which were then fettled on the fiid Walter Ingram, and the heirs of his body ; 
 *' remainder to the faid Robert, and Orframma, and the heirs of Robert. John Ingram 
 " of Notiingham, 4 R. 2. conveyed to Sir Gcrvas Clifton, Knight, Hugh de Willugh- 
 " by, Raph de Adurley, Richard de Gifford of A^o/m-^/'^w?, Thomas Martell, Thomas 
 " Whatton, Raph de Adurley, junior, and Thomas Ingram, Chaplain, all his Lands, 
 *' Rents, and Services in 6';;m;/«7, and other where in £;/^/rt;;i/, &c. Edmund Ingram of 
 " Nottingham, 8 R. 2. pafled all his Lands, Rents, and Services in itjeyyitoi, to Sir 
 " Edmund Perepunte, Knight, and his heirs, and likev/ife the jearly Rent of eight 
 *< Marks ilTuing out of all Lands and Tenements in Nctthigh^rm, and ff'ilkfcr^, and 
 " JVbattiH'. The Witnefles were John Samon of AW//«^:i7;;;, John Crowelhawe, of the 
 " fame, Henry de Plumtre, then Bayliffof Nottingham, Robert de Watton, John de 
 " Burton, &c I guefs that my Lord Marquefs o( Dcrchcfiers Houfe, wherein his 
 *• Grandfather Sir Henry Pirrepont dwelt, on the top ( f St. Mary Hill, was Sir Ro- 
 •' bert Ingrams, for in 13 E. 2. St. Mary Lane is faid to lead from the Kings Hall to 
 ♦' the Tenement of Robert Ingram, &c. he is named in ^''^t^'w/tw alfo, if that Robert was 
 " not his father, or other Anceftor, ai by the time he fhould." 
 
 " Luke de Crophill, Clark, fon of Gregory de Crophill, gave one Mefluage in 
 *' Nottingham, which William de Stoke fomecime held of him, to tiie Priory of Tbur- 
 " garton in pure Alms. William, fon of Roger de Crophuli, 5 E. 3. paficd a Croft, 
 " he. to William, fon of William de Crophuli in Netting, cm of ^-hxch place they v.'ere 
 " both then Inhabirantst The WitnelTes were Laurence le Spicer, the Major, Robert 
 «' de Morewode, Bayliff, Robert de Crophuli of A'i;//i»^i'^?«, Roger de BoteJiale, Ni- 
 " colas de Shelf )rd, &c. On the Seal of Arms of Nicolas de Crophill of Nottingham, 
 " within the Circnmllrjptijn ot liisname, ,35 E. 3. is, A Lion Rampant, as there is on 
 " the Seal of John Qxo\^''^\A\ of Nottingkam, Skinner, 16 H. 6. and at other times, 
 " empaling A Chevron between three Bulls heads CabofTed. Many of the chief men 
 " of Nottingham had Seals of Arms within a fair Circumfcription of their names, as 
 " Hugh le Spicer, fon of L.aurence le Spicer of Nottingham, which Plugh married 
 " Joane, the daughter of William de Amyas, and had upon his Shield a Crofle Formic, 
 " and on a Chief three Pallctts, 8 E.j, As Robert de Morewode, 9 E. 3. hjid A 
 
 ^? Chevron
 
 ISeff. iii. Hftiry iv. v,^ or the town or nottikch am. j^ 
 
 " Chevron between three Holly Leaves flipped ereft. And Roger dc Hopwelle ot 
 ♦* Nottingham alfo, 44 E. 3. had a Bend ingi ailed between two Crofleorofletts. Ri- 
 « chard Samon, and Thomas de Amyas, 5 E. 3. were BaylifFs of Nottingham, and 40 
 « E- 3. John Samon was Major. Thefe Samons had intereft in Gotham, and foiwe of 
 « them fettled at Annejley IVoodhmJe, whereof I have found the Entry fct c'own in the 
 " following Page," 
 
 *' The Arms of this Family at length were, Three Samons in pale, which quartered 
 « widi Arg. a Bend ingrailed Azure between a Mullet, and an Annulet Gules, which 
 " are in the South Window of St. Maries Church, and fuppofcd to belong to St. Al- 
 " mond, or Samon of Nottingham." 
 
 Jo'Viannei Sainon dc NoU. bcnefailor Ecclef. B. Marizjoana* 
 _„_^__ _J 
 
 Richardus Samon- 
 
 } 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 Johannes Samon- 
 
 . ) 
 
 Thorn. Samon dc Annefley Woadhoufe temp. H. j.-C-icdia fil, Joh. Bubingten dc DcAick. 
 
 i ' 
 
 i 
 Tlich. Samoti de Anncfley- (nna fil. Phil. Draycoldc Paynefly- lanafil, Alex. Meringde CoUingliam ux. », 
 Woodhoufc I ill Com Slaih 
 
 I ill Com Slaih ' . 
 
 1 I . « 
 
 Anihoniiis Samon dcMari.! fil. Thorn. Milecent. u?, Rog. FcrcatJen Joh. Sajnori. Nicol. Kabel. Catharii* 
 AnntnevWoij»dhous.|Antwii4 LciccA. alias Arundel 
 I 
 
 i:dw. Salmon-Ifab. fil. & co!ia;r. Wijl. Newenham, mil. Johannes, Wilirid. Thom. Jfabcll. Mary. 
 
 , . Samon cahacr.- Johannes Savile de Oarton Grange in Oxton, 
 
 It is faid that HevRy the 4th was fome time at Nottingham when a co.aibat was ap- 
 pointed to be determined here. 
 
 1404 Robert Glade. 
 141 2 Robert Glade. 
 J415 Thomas Kay. 
 1422 Thomas Poge. 
 Henry the V. made the mayor, recorder and four others whom the mayor fhould 
 chufe juftices of the peace, and ordered the county migiftratcs, who, heretofore aftcd 
 in the town, to difconiinue that ufage. 
 
 1425
 
 40 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [^Se^.iii. hctHy VI. Ed. iv."] 
 
 1425 William Stokes. • ■'■ 
 
 1427 "Jobn Piuiutree. 
 
 1429 IVjl.iam Brooholme. 
 It has been fccn above, in 'Imoroton's account, thatHENRV the VI., made the town 
 of I\'oi:itigt^(im a coun.yof itfclf, and changed the bailiffs into (heriffs. He alio gave 
 power to theburgeflcs tochufe cutof themfelves, fcvtn aldermen one ofwhich always to 
 be mayor, and that fuch aldeiincn fliould all be jiiftices of the peace, and wear fcaflet' 
 gowns of the lame fafhion as the mayor and aldermen of Z>«.'^eK ufe to do. a In this (late 
 things remained tiil the reign, of James \. (ofwhich hereafter) altho' the town received 
 confirmation of their charters by mofh of the Kings and Queens in that -ntermediate fpac« 
 of time. 
 
 1437 yoh?t Plum tree. 
 
 1438 IFiliiam IVebJler, "'" " 
 J 44 1 William Halifax. 
 
 1444 Thomas Alafter. 
 
 1447 Eualfrid Knyvetin. 
 
 1449 Tbcmas -Tbitrlaini. - . 
 
 1458 'Thomas Thurland, 
 
 1467 Jobi limit. 
 
 In continuation ofTnoROTON's account of refpedable hm\\\c% o^ Nitlingbai}?, he (ay?, 
 
 " Befules thefe before mentioned many pcifons and Families of good note have been 
 
 " here refident, and fprung from this place, John de Tannefley and Thomas de Mapur- 
 
 " ley, named in Bdsjord, ti;niriflied here in the latter part of the Reign of Richard the 
 
 <' f.cond. Giilfr. Knyveton was Major 25 H. 6. And before that. viz. 19 H. 6. 
 
 " William. Halyfax, on, .the back-fide of whofe Houfe,-now Ed. Holymans, is a blind , 
 
 " Lane called I fuppofe from him Halyfax Lane. In 37 H. 6. Thomas Thurland 
 
 " was Major, and a great Merchant; his large Houfe is now the Earl o{ Clares, as is 
 
 " alfo the Town ofGame.'ellof?, where Ibme of his pofterity are noted." 
 
 <* RicharcJ Mellijrs, Bell Founder, lived in the.dme of Edwari> the fourth, his 
 
 " wifes name was Agnes, and after his death failed the Lady Melidr^y-and Dame Agnes 
 
 " Mellors being a Vowefs it feems ; flie gave to the Free -School at Nottingbam d'lvcxs 
 
 " Lands and Tenements of good value ; licr fon and heir Robert Mellors followed the 
 
 " lame Trade, and wai alto a Benefad):or-to the SchooU- to which by his4aft Hill bearing 
 
 " date 16 July, 1515, he gave a Clofe which he bought of one William Page lying in 
 
 " Basford Wong, and an Houfe in Bridlcfmithgate which he bought of the fame peifon 
 
 " or elfe the money v/hich fhould be. gotten for it; but if the School Ihould not be kept 
 
 " according to the Foundation as it was granted, his heirs fhould re-enter and have the 
 
 «' faid Clole,. with the Appuitai.inces, again. He wai Burgeis in .Parliament for tliis 
 
 " Town, and had to wife Julian, daughter and heir of. . . ...M^pu-rley, after his death 
 
 " married to one Nicolas Quarneby ; Elizabeth <the only daughter and heir of this Ro- 
 
 " bert Mellors, was married (perhaps by her Father-in-laws procurement) to (his Ne- 
 
 «' phew) Hun.ficy Quarneby, who was fon and heir of his brother Thomas Qiiarneby, 
 
 " and of Elizabedi his wife, one of the two daughters and co-heirs of Henry Tickhill, 
 
 « and , Margaret, Jiis. wife, one of the daughters and co-heirs of.Thosias Pembrug, 
 
 ..•.,.•,..:•'.,..., , : ■ .. ■..-.- > . ,- '« which' 
 
 ■, ^ -■ '* 
 
 f"' «. Deerinc.
 
 \_SeSf. iil. Eil iv] 
 
 OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 
 
 41 
 
 which faid Henry Tickhill was fon of Robert Tickhill, and Agnes liis wife, daughrcr 
 and heir of Henry Wychard q{ Chaddcfdcn near Derby. This Humfrey Quarncby 
 wasaho Alderman of this Town, and ferved for it as Burgcfs in I'arliament; his Ion 
 and heir i^obert Quarncby had two daughters and heirs, Ehzabeth, wife of John 
 Kyme (defccnded from a branch of tiie Houfe of Kymc of Frifkency in Lincolnejkire') 
 and Mary tlie wife of Thomas Blyth of Ffpley-lVccd-Hall. John Kyme by his wife 
 the faid Ehzabeth had two fons, John, who married Gertrude, the daughter of John 
 Rofellof /'vi?(/c/i^', Eiquire, but h.id no iffue ; and Pliilip who died a Batchelor ; and 
 two daughter^, Anne, wife of John Hunt ol Ajion in the County oi Darby, who left 
 no Child; and Mary, wife of George Alton, who had two daughters, Mary marrieil 
 to one John Major, who lived in London; and Elizabeth, whom her Grandfather the 
 faid John Kyme made iiis heir, and married to John Gregorie of Nottinibam, Gent, 
 fon and heir of William Gregory, Alderman, who by Grazing raifed a very confider- 
 able Eftate from the loweft beginning, yet it feems he was deitended from a younger 
 branch of the Family of Gregory of Highhiirft in the County oi Lancafter, who bore 
 for their Arms Party per pale Arg and Azure, tv/o Lions Rampant averse (which 
 fome call endorfed, viz. back to back) Counterchanged ; howbeit inthe year 1662," 
 
 Adam Gregorie- . . .fil. 5c cohser-Adae Henric- Margar. fil. Tho. Quarnby- Ric. Mel- Agnes. Joh. Kyme de- Joana. 
 
 de Highunt in | Ormcfton de Orine- Tick- 
 corn. Laiioaf. (ton. com. Lancal". hill 
 
 & colisr. de Derby. 
 Thoma;. 
 Pembrug. 
 
 lors de 
 Nott. 
 
 Burgh com. 
 Line. 
 
 I I h U I I 
 
 Will. Gregory-Doro. fil.. Parre Ann-Tho. Elizab.-Tho. Quarneby >Jic.-Julia-Robert. Jolian. Kyme-Beatrix fil. Will. 
 
 de Hishhurrt. I de Kempen- 
 I liaugh in Com. 
 I Lane. 
 
 I Lath.cohxr. 
 
 Ma- 
 pin-- 
 Icy. 
 
 MellorsdeStikford 
 I. Com. Lin. 
 
 Jowytfon. 
 
 .i I I I 11, 
 
 Hugo Gregoi7-Maria. Joh. Gregory de-Anna fil. & coh. Geo. Hum. Quarneby Ald.-Eliz.-Kath. ux.Joh.Joh-Beatrix. 
 Highhurft luper- j Anneflovv de Roding- & Burgenlis in Parli- I fil. & hasr. Plumptrc " 
 lies 1567.9 Eliz. I ton in Com. Salop, amento pro Nott. | Kyme. de Nott. 
 
 Thom. Gregory de Over-Doro. Gilbert. Lionel. Rich. Rob. Quarneby-Francefca. Joha. Kime. Tho.Kinie de-Julian. 
 broughton-Com. Nott. j Beefton. de Nott. I didus fenior. Stykfoith. I 
 
 Johan. Grgory de-Alicia. Joh. Alton de Nott.- Eliz. fil... Maria-Tho. Blythe de Blizab.- Joh. Kyme de Willielmus. 
 Broughton Sul- I Medicus ob. 1629. I Brightman. Efpley wood-hall, co- I Nott. ob. i6ji. 
 
 ncy. 1 I haer 
 
 Will.-Ann.fil. Ada: Joh.Edw.Hen.deBoftonElen.ux.GeoAlton-Mar.fil.-Tho.HodgfonAnn.Jo.HuntJohan-Gertrud. 
 
 Ore 
 
 gory 
 Aid. 
 de 
 Not- 
 ob. 
 1650 
 
 Jackibn, 
 
 f. p. 
 
 in Nova Thom. ob. 1620. & coh. marit. 2. 
 Anglia. Bray. 
 
 de Afton. Kyme fil. Joh. 
 f. p. Rofell. 
 
 Joh. Gregorie de Nott. Gen. ob. i654.-Eliz. fil. & coh.xr. set. 62. 1675. Joh. Major-Maria. Ann-Hen.Rs. de Sneyntoa. 
 
 t V V <.• ~v V — — .—J 
 
 , Geo. Gregory-Sufan. fil. Philip. Eliz. fil. Ric. Philips-.. .Franc-Mar. fil. Rog.Edw.EHz.-Will. Davenport Ann.-Gr.\\'Miifi-. 
 Ar. Vicecom. | M.irtin. de Pidon Cattle in Waldron de de Bramhall in Shipman. 
 
 1666. Et. ;36. I Lifter, Com. Pember. ux. Eaft Bridge- Com. Ceftr. Ar. 
 
 1675. I mil. I. ford. 
 
 GeorgiusGregoi-y Kt. 6. 167J. Johannes Kt. 4. Richardus ast. 2. Sufanna set, 9. 16-5. 
 
 when
 
 ,2 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWNf AND COUNTY [.y^^. Iii.£^. iv. V. i?/(.i>. iii.i^^;;. vii. ] 
 
 ' when WiU'uun Dugdalc, Ffquire, Norroy King of Arms, made his Vifitation, George 
 ' Grccroric, Efquirc, fon and heir of the iaid John and Elizabeth, not exhibiting fuch 
 ' lulHcicnt proof as fince he hath, thought fit to take a grant ot the Arms and Creft he 
 ' now ufeth from the faid Norroy, in relation to his Dcfcent from the Antient Family of 
 ' Kvme. He hath the Lift year, viz. 1674, rebuilt moft of the old Manfion Houfe, 
 '* which is clleemed one of the bell Seats in the whole Town, having alfo a pretty Clofe 
 " befides the Gardens adjoyning to it. His Grandfather the faid George Alton, was 
 " fon of John Alton an eminent Fhyfitian in Nottir.gbam, who had a daughter named 
 
 " Elen, wife of Thomas Bray of Eyam in the County of Derij, to whom fhe bore , 
 
 " the wife of John Martin, Gent, a confiderable owner in Nctthigham, and Elizabeth, 
 " who havin"- ten thoufand pounds of her (aid Grandfather Dr. Alton's Kftate to her 
 " Portion, was preferred in marriage to the Honourable Francis Pierreponte, Efquire, 
 " third fon of Robert Earl ofKvigston, which faid Francis built a fair Houfe, wherein he 
 " lived and died himfelf here at Nottingham, which remains the principal dwelling of Ro- 
 " bert Pierrepont, Efquire, his fon and heir. Humfrey Quarneby, before named, had 
 " a dau'^'hter called Margery, wife of John Gregorie, related to thofe of that name now 
 " feated at Barneby on Dun'm Yorkejhire, Alderman alfo of this Town, whereof he was 
 " Major 29 Eliz. which John had a fon William Gregory, who was Town-Clark, and 
 " ferved in Parliament as ruirgcfb, and a daughter .... wife of William Greaves, who 
 " had Robert Greaves, Town-Clark alfo, and Burgefs, who for his loyalty to King 
 " Charles the firft, being in Newark Garrifon, fuffered great lofs of his interefts here; 
 " his brother William Greaves v.'as Parfon oi Nutthall, and left three fons of good rank 
 *' in this Town, William, who is Alderman and Regifter of the Arch-deacon's Court ; 
 " John, and Edward Greaves the Apothecary ; Humfrey their Uncle, brother of the 
 " faid William the Parfon and of Robert the Town-Clark, hath a fon John Greaves, 
 " Parfon of IVhitwell in Barhyjlnre.'" 
 
 1469 'Thcmat Akftre. 
 
 1470 Robert EngliJJje. 
 
 Kino- Edward was at Nottingham, while the caftle was enlarging this year. 
 
 1 47 1 '■Thomas Lcckton. 
 1 47 5 Thomas Hunt. 
 i486 William By gin. 
 
 In 1483, RtcHARD III. was at this town, in the month of Augufb, whence he took a 
 circuit, northward, while the murders of his nephews were accomplifhed. He alfo was 
 here in 1485, with his brave little army, immediately before he fought the renowned 
 batde of Bcfwcrth, which coft him his crown and life. Hutton is of an opinion, that 
 his army, when thiry marched from Nottingham, muft have coshered at leaft three miles 
 of the road. His forces, chiefly confifting of foot, he feparated into two divifions ; the 
 firft marched five in rank, then followed his baggage, then himfelf upon a large white 
 courfer, richly caparifoned, attended by his bodyguards. The fecond divifion marched 
 five abreaft alfo. The horfe formed the wings and kept the centre. Such was the 
 manner that this great General, but murdering Prince, left Nottingham, and approached 
 Leicejler, on his pallage to his grave. 
 
 1487 Richard Ody. 
 
 Henry the 7th was at Not:ingham, immediately before the battle of Stoke, in this 
 county. 
 
 Before
 
 [Seff.in.Heii.vui.'] of the town of Nottingham. 43 
 
 Before the year 150J, there was no houfe in Nottingham, but what was thatched witli 
 draw or reed, and built of wood and plaflcr. This year the Unicorn Inn, the hifl: 
 houfe on the Long-row, was tiled, wliich circumftance is exprefTed in the writings of 
 that houfe. 
 
 1506 Richard Mellenrs. 
 
 No names occurring, in the lift of Mayors, between the names of Ot/v and MeUetirs, 
 feems to militate againft the opinion, page 35, that the intermediate time might be 
 ferved by one or both of t/iem. 
 
 1507 Richard Pickarde. 
 1522 Thomas Me'lers. 
 
 Between the mayoralty of Pickarde and Melle>-s, is another unaccounted for fpace of 
 years, rcfpefting the lift of Mayors. It is, however, no unplcafant thing to obferve, 
 that in tliis incennediate fpace of time, the widow of the opulent Bell-founder, Mdkiirs 
 or Metiers, who was Mayor in 1506, founded a grammar fchool in this town, A. D. 
 1513. The indenture, by which this female, (who was a vowefs, and often called lady 
 Mellers) fetdcd the free fchool, being of a cunous nature, we give it a place here without 
 fcruple. 
 
 " To all chriftian people, to whofe knowledge this prefent writing triplicate indented ' 
 fhall come to be feen or read, Agnes Meller, widow and vowefs, fendeth greeting, in 
 him that is the raoioVjeffe, produced to the falvation of all people." 
 
 " Whereas the moll excellent and famous prince king Henry VIII. of his ri'»ht 
 blefled difpofition and meer mercy, by his letters patents f-'aled under his great fcal, has 
 licenfed, authorized and granted, to his well beloved counfellor Thomas Love), knight, 
 treafurer of his moft honourable houftiold, and me the faid Agnes, and to our executors, 
 and to every one of us, licenfe, power and authority, to begin, found and erect, unite, 
 create and eftabliO-), one free-fchool, of one fchoolmafter and one ulhcr perpetually to 
 be kept in the parilli of our lady in the town of Nott-.ngham, for evermore to endure 
 after the ordering, infticution and will of us the faid Thomas and me the faid Agnes, or 
 one of us, our execucors or aflignes, or the executors of either of us hereafter to be made, 
 and further things, as in the fame leters patents more plainly appeareth." 
 
 " Know ye that I remembring how the univerfal faidi catholick by clergy and com- 
 mons moft firmly corroborated, and by learning the public weale commonly is governed, 
 ardently have defigned to the honour of almighty God, laud and praife to the eleft and 
 chofcn mother of mercy and virgin, our lady St. Mary, to accomplifli the faid virtuous 
 and bleffcd Grant, and by force thereof, begin, creel, found, create, eftablilh and 
 make one free-fchool, of one mafter and one uflier, to teach grammar, everlaftingly to 
 endure, and to be kept in the pariftiofour blefled lady St. Mary the virgin 'vithin the 
 town of Scttinghnm, willing, ordaining and eftablifliina;, that the faid fchool b- evermore 
 called the free-fchool of the town of Nottingham. And John Smith paifon o{ Biikroza 
 I make fchoolmafter of the fame, as long as it fliall feem to me and the mayor of the 
 flud town of Nottingham for the time b^ing convenient. And to my right trufty friends ' 
 Mr. William Enghfti and William Ba:wcll, I make dcpucies, and ordain guardians, 
 keepers and furveyors ofth'^ faid free-fchool during their lives: I will alfo, oidain and 
 ertabhfh, tl.at the m?.yor, aldermen and common-council of the faid town of Nottingham 
 and their fuccefTors, afcerthe duceafe of the faid Wtilliams, flial yearly from year to year 
 on thefeaft of the tranQation of it. Richard the bi.^liop, chufe two difcreec peifjns, bur- 
 
 gcfTes.
 
 44 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [^Seil.m. Hen. viii] 
 
 gcffes, to be chamberlains, guardians, keepers and fiirveyors of the lands and tenements 
 and pofl'efl'ons, pertaining and bequeathed, given, or hereafter to be given and be- 
 queathed and belonging to the faid fiee-lchool, to rule, govern and fupport, the charges, 
 payments and bufinels, of the fame, from the fame feall of tranflation, to the faid feaft 
 of St. Richard next following, at which feaft or within eight days then next following, I 
 will that the faid guardians, now by me named, or hereafter to be named, made and 
 cleded, fhall make account to the faid mayor and aldermen, and their kicceflbrs, of all 
 things by them received or taken to the ufe of the faid foundation, and after their ac- 
 counts fo made and finifhcd, new guardians, or elfe the fame, by the advice and difcre- 
 tion of the faid mayor and aldermen to be eledted and chofen, and that the fam.e guardians, 
 keepers and furveyors, by the name of the guardians of the free-fchool o^ Nottingham 
 may plead and be impleaded before all judges of every court, and alfo writs and actions 
 maintain and have. Moreover I will that the faid mayor, aldermen and common-coun- 
 cil ot the faid town of Nott'vigham, with the guardians that now be of the faid fchool, or 
 hereafter fliall be, or eight of them at the leaft, whereof the mayor and guardians of the 
 fame free-fchool, I will, fhall be three, after the deceafe of the faid Mr. John Smith, 
 parfon of Bilborow, or after fuch time as it fhall fortune that the faid Mr. John Smith, 
 ihall leave or be removed from the faid office of fchoolmafter, fliall condud: and hire one 
 other able perfon of good and honeft converfadon, to be fchoolmafter of the faid free- 
 fchool, and one ufher, at fuch time, and as foon as the lands and pofTcfTions given to the 
 faid free-fchool, will fupport the charge thereof, and the fame fchool mafter and ufher, 
 for good and realbnable caufe.5, or either of them, to amove and expel, and others in his 
 or thcrir ftcad, to take, retain, and put in, from time to time, as often, and when they 
 fhall think requifite and necclTai y." 
 
 " And furthermore I will and ordain, that the fchoolmafter for the time being, and 
 his ufher, or one of thtm, ihall daily when he keeps fchool caufe the fcholars every 
 inorning in their fchool- houfc e're they begin their learning, to fay, with an high voice 
 the whole credo in deum fatrem, i£c" 
 
 " Alfo 1 ordain and eftabliih, that the guardians of the faid free-fchool for the time 
 being and their fuccefTors, fhall yearly on the feaft of the tranflation of St. Richard, 
 which is the i6th of June, keep or caufe to be kepr and done folemnly in the church of 
 St. Mary in Nottingham, the obiit of the faid Agn^s Mellcrs, my hufband's and mine 
 after my deceafe, and give, pay and expend, of the rent-, ifTues and profits, given and 
 bequeathed, pertaining and belonging to the faid free-fchool, for our foul's health 20s. 
 in form following: That is to fay, to the vicar of the faid church, perfonally being pre- 
 fent, from the beginning of the dirge and mafs of the fame obiit to the ending thereof^ 
 for his attendance, and tbr-his lights at that time burning 3s. and if he occupy by deputy, 
 then to have but as. and to every prieft of the fame church and either of the clarks of 
 the fai.i parifh there alfo being, for fuch like time 4d. and alfo the mayor of the town of 
 Nottmgf.am, tor the time, being perfonally prefent at the beginning and ending of the 
 ■fame mafs and dirge, 6d. and to every alderman of the fame town, there alio being 
 prefent, foi liich like time, 4d. and the mayor's dark and his two ferjeants being and 
 attending on their mafter and aldermen at the beginning of the faid mafs and dirge, and 
 for ferving kich things as ftiall be prepared for them at the faid obiit, to each 01 them 2d. 
 and to the parilh clarks for the great bells ringing eight peals, and after the accuftomable 
 length, 3s. and that the laid guardians fhall retain and keep in tlicir own hands for either 
 
 of
 
 [6'^(f?.iii.//^B.viii.] of the town of Nottingham. 4| 
 
 of them for their own ufe for their biifinefs and attendance, in providing 
 
 bread, a!e and cheefe, and tov.'cls, cups, pots, and necelTary things at the faid obiit ; and 
 there fliall expend in bread, to be fent to the aldermen, &c. according to the cuftom in 
 the church 2s. in cheefe 8d. in ale i6d. and the refidiie remaining over this mine ordi- 
 naace and will performed, if any be left, I will fiiall be diftiiburcd ro the pooreft fcholars 
 of che faid free-fchool, to pray for our fouls and all of our flicnd^." 
 
 " I will alfo, o'dain and eliablilh and ftriftly enjoin, that the fchoolmaflcr and ufher 
 nor any of them, have, makenorufe, any potations, cock fightings, nor diinking, with 
 his or their wife or wives, hoftefs or hoftefles, but once or twice in the year, nor take 
 any other gifts or vails, whereby the fcholars or their friend.-, fliould be charged, buc at 
 the pleafure of the friends of the fcholars. Wages to be paid by the faid guardians." 
 
 " And here if it fortune the faid mayor, aldermen and common-council, to be neg- 
 ligent and forgetful in finding and choofingof the fchoohnafter and the ulher, forty days 
 next after fuch time as it fhall fortune him to be amoved, or deceafed, keeping and doing 
 the obiit yearly, in manner and f )rm above cxprefled in fuch like lime ; or the lands 
 and tenements or hereditaments, and other pofl'effions, or the yearly rent of them into 
 other ufes than finding of the faid free fchool, to convert ; then I v^ill, ordain and 
 eftablifh, that the prior and convent of die monaftery of the holy trinity of Lento)!, for 
 the time being, and their fucceflors, fhall have as a forfeiture, the rule, guiding and 
 overfight, of the faid lands, tenements, or hereditaments, &c. fchoolmafter, with all 
 other things to the premifles in any wife appertaining, to the intent above exprefa'd, in 
 as ample and large wife as the mayor and burgefles have or fliould have had the fame, 
 by this my prefent conftitution and ordinance." 
 
 " Alfo I do ordain and eftablifh, that the ordinances, fl:atutes and eftablifliments and 
 conftitutions, for the good governance and rule of the faid fiee-fchool, by me made in 
 my life, under my fcal, by me determined, everlaftingly to be 'kept, and each one of 
 them ftedfaftly fhall be holdcn, obferved and kept for ever, witliout any diminution or 
 abridgennent, or changing of them or any of them any wilV, and that it fliall be lawful 
 to the faid mayor, aldermen and common council and their fucccfTors at all times here- 
 after, from time to time, at their liberty, other conft.tutions, ftatutes, and ordinances 
 for the good governance and continuance of the faid free-fchool to make, them or part 
 of theiTi by their difcrction to repeal, and admit at their p'eafuies as often and whenfoever 
 they fhall think it moft necelfary and convenient, fo that fuch conftitutions, ftatutes and 
 ordinances, of new to be made, nor any of them be in any wife contrary or repugnant 
 to the ftatutes and eftablifhments and oi dinances by me, in my life, under my fcal, nude, 
 written and determined. In witnefs whereof, &c. &c &c." 
 
 To the above have been added f-veral gifts and benefaftions, at various periods, 
 befides thofe given by iier fon, mentioned by Thoroton, page 40. The fcliool was 
 repaired in 1689, and in 1708. 
 
 A curious bequ eft alfo took place in i5'24, that of Mr. Thomas Willoughby, one of 
 the aldermen of Nottingham, an abftra(5t of which is inferred, in fome meafure, to ftiev/ 
 the compledfion of the times, with refpt-^t to religious ceiemonies. His gifts to his 
 kindred, and things oflefs confequence to reader:, in general, I have purpofcly omitted. 
 
 «' In the name of God Amen, the 4th day of the month epreinberin the year of our 
 Lord God 1524. I Thomas Willoughby ofNottingh. bcinge in holle and perfccl mind 
 doe make my teftament and lafl: Will in manner of thefe articki following ;" 
 
 « Fiiji.
 
 .6 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY \_Se^.in. Hen vm.Ed vLMary."] 
 
 " Fitji. I bequeath my foiile to almyghty God, and to our Saviour, St. Mary, and 
 all the company of heaven and my body to be buried within the parifh church of St. 
 Marv s in Nottin^h^m, by L.adies-Ciisi)p"ll nigh unto my feat, and my principal to be 
 given after the laudable cuilom tliere ulcd." 
 
 «« Ifem. I will that myn executors fnall give unto every pried of the faid church 
 heino- at my burial 6d. and to every eftranger prieft there being, 4d. and either of the 
 freers if they come holle to my burial, jsh. 4d." 
 
 " Ih-m. I will have 13 torches bora light at my burial and every torch-bearer 2d. 
 and all other charges about my burial to bee done by the difcretion of myn executors." 
 
 " j!em. I birquifach to the high alter for tythes and oblations forgot en, 10 Ih." 
 
 " l;em. I bequeath 231. to be difperf d in manner following: That is to fay, that 
 m}n executors fhall have the keeping thereof and to give yearly to a prieft to fing for 
 my f )ule in St. IVlar)''s church of Nottingh. for the fpace of fix years next after my deceafc 
 and everv year 4I. ijfli. 4d. to be given to the fame prieft. If it fortune my wife to 
 marry arid take an huiband, then ! will that the refidue of this xxviii pound unto the 
 prior and covent of the abby of Newjltd, there to remain to find a prieft as is aforefaid 
 in the church of faint Mary's in Nctt. and rhe faid prior and covent to bee bounden to 
 my executors by their covent feale forperformeinge of the laid priefts fir.dinge." 
 
 ■ It has been faid that Henry the VIK. was at Nottingham on an affiiir of gallantry; 
 but to this little credit is due. Of this king, however, (whofe attachment to the fair 
 was generally, of fliort duration) the corporation have in their poftefTion a note for 
 /147. n. 4. which he, by leave, obtained fom the inhabitants, in and for the war 
 againft France and Scotland, «. , By this, it fliould feem, notwithft.inding the immenfe 
 riches, which he obtained from the plunder of the religious inftitutions, that he had not 
 common honcfty. 
 
 1544 John Plumkree. , 
 
 From Thomas Mellors to Plumkree is another great vacuum in the lift. 
 1548 Robert Lovr.t. 
 1551 Thomas Cockayne. 
 1557 William Atkinf)n. 
 
 Dr. Plot mentions a violent tempeft which happened in this neighbourhood, in 1558, 
 that was terrible in its ronfequence. All the houfes of the little hamlet of ^?z««/o«, 
 which adjoins to A'b/i'zW.'^OT, and thofe of Gf^//«|', with both their churches, were blown 
 down ; and the water and mud from the Irenty was carried a quarter of a mile and caft 
 againftfome trees with fuch amazing force that they were torn up by the roots. Stow 
 notices this event, and fays it was on the 7th of July. A child, he fays, was taken 
 forth of a man's hand, two fpear length high, and carried an hundred foot and then let 
 fill, whercwi'h die arm was broke, and fj died. Five or fix men were alio flain, by 
 this tempeft, and the hail ftones that fell, during its exiftence, meafured 15 inches 
 round. 
 
 The 15th of Eliz. the mayor of Nottingham received a commifilon to mufter the 
 militia; but as this was coinmon to moft places, it is confidered more a national than. 
 a provincial concern to relate. 
 
 In 1562, Sir Thomas Manners gave £c, per ann. to the poorof Nottingham forever. 
 
 1571 
 
 a. Def.rin'g.
 
 [^Sc^Ali. Eliz.l OP THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. aj 
 
 1571 John Gregory. 
 
 1574 Robert Burton. 
 
 1576 Henry Newton. 
 
 1577 Richard James. 
 157!} William Scot. 
 
 1580 Robert Alvey. 
 
 The inhabitants o( Nottingham, as well as thofe in other places in the kingdom, about 
 this time, were tintlured with religious frenzy. Reports were every where fprtad abroad 
 that the pope and the king o^ Spain had confpired to conquer England. Difputant ca- 
 tholics in conlequence challenged proteftants, and protcilants perfonally abufed the 
 catholics, in a manner not juftitiable to a fallen enemy. A proclamation as harlli, as 
 fome of the fanguinary laws oi France at this period, were iiiucd foidi at lengdi, fur- 
 bidding an/ one to harbourany jefiiit orpopilhpricllon pain of being piinifhed as rebels. 
 
 1581 Robert Burton. 
 
 1584 Peter Cla k. 
 
 1585 Wilham Scot. 
 
 1586 John Gregory. 
 
 The family of Gregory was ofconfidei able import, long in Nottingham. 
 
 1587 Robert Akey. 
 
 "William Willoughby, by will this year, gave a fum of money to buy gowns for four 
 poor perfons, and 20s each to fix poor men every five years for ever. 
 
 1588 Robtrt March. 
 
 1589, the year after the defeat of he Spanijh armada, the (locking frame, which has 
 brought fuch wealth to the inhabitants of this place, was invented. Deering fays: 
 
 " The inventor of the Stocking Frame was one Mr. William Lee, M. A. of St. 
 John's College, in Cambridge, born at IVoodborough, a village in Ncttinghamjhire, about 
 feven miles from the town o{ Nottingham. He was heir to a pretty freehold eftate ; of 
 whom the traditional (lory fjys : That be was deeply in love v/ith a young townfwoman 
 of his, whom he courted for a wife, but (he, whenever he went to vifit her, fcemed 
 always more mindful of her knitting, than the addreiles of her admirer j diis (lighc 
 created fuch an averfion in Mr. L.ee, againft knitting by hand, that he determined to 
 contrive a machine, that fliould turn out work enough to render tiic common kniitin.-' 
 a gainlefs employment : Accordingly he il-t about it, and having an excellent m^i-c lunical 
 head, he brought his defign to bear, in the year 1589 ; after he had woiked a while, he 
 taught his brother and fcveral relations to work under him. Having tor lome years 
 praftifed this his new art, at Caherion, a village about five iiille= tiom Nottiughcm j 
 cither himfelf or his brother James, woikcd before' Queen Elizabeth, in order to (liew 
 an experiment of this kind of woikmanfiiip, offering at the fame time this difcovery of 
 his to his countrymen, who inftead of accepting the ofF^r, delpiild him, and dilcourag- 
 ed his invention : Being thiis difcountenanced oy his native country, and foon after in- 
 vited over to France wi.h promife of great rewaids, priviledges and honour, by Kino 
 Henrv IV. he embraced the f.-cming fair opportunity, and went himfelf, wiih nine 
 woikmen his fervancs, and as ma.iy frames, :o the city oi Rcan in Nonnandy, where 
 they wrought with fo great applaufe from the French, that in all likelihood tlie tnide was 
 to have been fettled in that country for ever, had not the fudden murder of that monarch 
 difappointcd Mr. Lee, of his cxpeded grant of priviledge, and. the fuccecding inrelline 
 
 iroubk'j,
 
 (^ T(iE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY \_Seff.\n. A'ary Eiiz.'] 
 
 trouble' of that kingdom, dehy'dhis renewed fiiir, and at laft fmftrated all his hopes, at 
 which fcized widi °iief, hf ended his life at Paris. After his dcat;i icven of hi. work- 
 mc-n, (being left to Tnifc tor chemicives) returned with their frames to £«^/^W, two oi.ly 
 
 remaining behind." ,,,, • A/rr jl,- 
 
 " Thcfc fevcnwich one Afton, who had been an apprentice to Mr. Lee, and by him 
 was before left at home, and who alfo added fomcthing to his rnafter's invention did lay 
 the foundation of this manuiaifturc in Engiand, and in the fpace of fifcy years, this art was 
 fo improved, and the number of able workmen became io great ; that the heads among 
 them thought it neccfiary for the better regulating their members, and keeping this va- 
 luable bufinef^ from fpreatling abroaJ, tnperirion Oliver Cromwe.l, to conltitute them a 
 body corporate, which however, for what realon I cannot tell, they did not obtain at 
 
 that time." , n i 
 
 " King Charles II. afcer the rcdoration granted them at lalt a charter, by which 
 their iurifdiction extended to ten miles round Lond.H." 
 
 " In procefs of time, when the trade fpread fircher into the country, they alfo in 
 proportion flretch'd their authority and eftablifhed commifiioners in the ieveral principal 
 towns in the county where this trade was exercifed, there they held courts, at which 
 they obliged the country framework-knitters, to bind and make free, &c. whereby, 
 th-y, (for many years) drew great fums of money, till fome perfon of more fpirit than 
 others in Ncttingham brought their authority in queftion and a trial enfuing, the company 
 was cafl, fince that time the flocking manufafture has continued entirely open in the 
 
 country." 
 
 1 5 90 John Bronlow. 
 
 About this time the burgefTes of Nottingham began to benefit by the bounty of Sir 
 Thomas White. This Gentleman, -whofegood intentions to pofterity h.is far exceeded 
 his moft fancuine wifhes, was a citizen oi London, and once lord mayor of that place. 
 tie belonged to the merchant taylors company. In the year 1546, he placed into the 
 hands of the mayor and commonalty of the city of Covei:tyy, ^^1400, to purchafe lands, 
 the rents of which he was to receive for life, and after his death it was to be applied, 
 ao-reeable with his will, as under. This fum of ^^ 1400, bought land which brought 
 him in £-jo per annumi. Sir Thomas dying in 1556, it was found that his will diredted 
 the whole to be applied to charitable ufes. Out of this ^^70 per annum, ^40 the 
 •will ordered to be paid to four young men of Coventry, ^10 each, who could find fecu- 
 rityforthe money, free of intereft for nine years. After the expir.tion of the nine years 
 the faid trufi: was direfted to pay to tv/o youngmen, free of Coventry, the like fum to be con- 
 tinued for thirty years, each holding the money for nine years as in the firil inftance. After 
 this the towns of Northampton, Lticefter, Nottingham, and /^"<irto7c^, refpedtively were to re- 
 ceive the ^40, as in thefirftcafe. He willed alfo that no perfon fhould receive this benefit 
 twice. The income now to each of thefe places is amazingly increafed, and it is lent out 
 inftead of j^:o as heretofore, in fums of ^^40 and £c,o to each perfon. 
 
 In the town-hail parlour, m Leice/ier, is a portrait of Sir Thom-is White, inhisalder- 
 Under his arms in the fame place is written : 
 
 Lo ! here a fhip a mercliant royal fraught, 
 
 With (lore of weahh from whole rich iidcs unfought. 
 
 Plenty of motal hath been largelv given ; 
 
 W'mT£'sname, White's gifts, WaiTE'sfoul, White's faint in Heaven. 
 
 Whofc
 
 [^Sfi?.uuE/iz. James, i"} of the town of Nottingham. 49 
 
 Whofe arms wee (lead weefhcw ourfclves ingratc) 
 Propel lybl.izoned here do celebrate ; 
 The which eternal monument fhall be 
 Of White's renown to ill |)o[lcrity. 
 Die then and rot and (link yc hulks of fliamc, 
 Whocharg'd with wealth hdve nothing but a name 
 Of dying rich, whofe tombs fl.all never fpeak 
 Your praifes, one White fliall all your credit break, 
 
 1 59 1 Peier Clark. 
 
 1592 JVilliam Scot. 
 
 In 1591 there was an uncooimon drougfit, which was exceedingly injurious to vege- 
 tation, particularly on the <an(ly grounds about Nottiiighanj. It being lucceeded, this 
 fummer, by ftrong weflerly winds and little rain, the Trent and other rivers were almoll 
 without water. The Thames, hiftorians fay, was fo dried up that a man miglit ride over 
 it, on horfe-back, near London-hndg^. 
 
 1593 IFiliiam Trott. 
 
 1594 Robert /llvey. 
 
 1595 Robert Hurt. 
 
 1596 Richard Morehaghe. 
 
 1597 Peter Clark. 
 
 As a parochial matter, I will juft mention, that an aft of parliament, this year, paffed 
 for erefting workhoufes for the poor. 
 
 1598 Anker Jackfon. 
 
 Below this date, the reader will perceive, that the lift of the chief magiftrates, of 
 Nottingham, is nearly regular. 
 
 1600 Humphrey Bonner. 
 
 1 60 1 • . 
 
 As another parifn concern, I mention that an atft of parliament pafled which provided, 
 efpecially, for the relief of the poor and appointing ovcrfecrs. 
 
 1602 Richard Hurt. 
 
 1603 Richard Morehage. 
 
 Alderman John Parker, by will, this year left 20s annually, to buy bread for the 
 poor for ever; and 20s for the miniftcrofSt. Mary's, for preaching a fermon on chrif- 
 tian love and charity, on Good Friday. 
 
 1 604. Richard Weljh, 
 1605 Anker Jackfon. 
 In coinmcmoration of the gunpowder plot, which was difcovered this year; and the 
 deliverance from the Sfanifio Armada, in the former reign, a Mr. Jackfon of Ivndon, 
 Icic 4.0s annu.illy, for a Icrinon to be preached on each of thofe days on the occafioji, at 
 St. Peter's Church. To tliepoor of this parilh he was alio a bencfador. 
 
 i6o6 V^illiam Freeman. 
 
 1607 Humphrey Bonner. 
 
 In the reign of James I. a great difpute arofe about the difpofal of the town's money. 
 
 The aldermen contending that they had a right to fit in council and vote at the difpofal 
 
 of all bridge money, and fchool lands, &c. The counccl oppofed that pradice as 
 
 being contrary to anticnt ufage. The bufinefs was at length lefl to the opinion of the 
 
 judges.
 
 50 THE HISTORY OP THE TOWN AMD couNTV [yames'i.Char.'u'] 
 
 judges, who determincti it that the aldermen had no right to vote on thofe occafions. 
 At this time the number of the council was reduced to 24, of which, fix was to be elefted 
 by the burgelTcs ac large : th^fe are called junior council. 
 
 1 609 Richard Hurt. 
 
 1610 Richard Morehage. 
 
 161 1 Richard IVeUh. 
 
 1612 Anker Jai kfon. 
 
 1 6 1 J fni/ir.m Freeman. 
 
 1614 Alarwud Gregory. 
 
 1615 Robert Stavels. 
 
 King James I. was fix feveral times at Nottingham. His queen alio vifited this 
 place, a. 
 
 1 6 1 6 'Thomas Nix. 
 
 1 6 17 Leonard Ntx. 
 
 1618 
 
 This year the county or fhire hall was built. See Seft. 6. 
 16 1 9 Anhr Jackfon. 
 
 1620 Ma>r;jadu'-e Gregory. 
 
 In imitation of Sir Thomas White's charity, a Mr. Parkes gave ^Tto to be lent, 
 without interefl:, to fix young burgeffes /.5 each, for feven years. And fo on, in like 
 manner, at the expiration of that time, to fix others for ever. 
 
 1621 Ricbard Parker, 
 
 1622 Robert Stapels. 
 
 1623 Robert Sherwin. 
 
 1624 Leaiard Nix. 
 
 Of the refpeftable family of Skeffington, was one, named William, who was an in- 
 hsbuant o: Noitingham, of whom Thoroton fays: 
 
 " William Skeffington, Efquire, and Elizabeth his wife, the relift of Francis Thorn- 
 " haugh, rcfide in this Town in an Houfe on Sr. Mary Hill, purchafed of Thomas 
 " Mucklow ot Broughon Sn'.ney, who had it by the marriage of one of the daughters 
 " and heirs of Alderman Parker, of which name and kindred there are now two John 
 " Parkers Aldermen, the one a Mercer, the other an Apothecary, of which Trade there 
 " were lately above twenty more dian formerly have been, when the gains and employ- 
 '♦ ment were greater, whereof Adrian Gardiner was the oldcft, who brought up many 
 " fons very well, his eldefi is Mr. Robert Gardiner of Sleefo'd in LincclneJLire ; his two 
 " youngeft, which were by a latrcr wife, were Doctors, Jofeph of Phyfick, who died 
 " at Nottingham, and James of Divinity, who is now Subdcane of Lincoine, and Chap- 
 " lain to his Grace the Duke of Monmouth. Thomas Chatleton, Efquire, named in 
 " Chiilewell, married Tabitha, the daughter of William Nix, Alderman, whofe Houfe 
 •• in Bridlefmith Gate is now the dwelling of the faid Thoinas, who hath built there, as 
 " Mr. Samuel Stables (named in Ma/cr/^) who was fucceflbur of Alderman Stables 
 " hath done, nigh the Swine Greene." 
 
 1625 Stephen Hill. 
 
 1626 Peter Parker. 
 
 1627 
 
 *. This Ml. Deer IMG was informed of from his anonymous correfpondence, which he ofien quotes.
 
 IChar.l] 0» THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. ^I 
 
 1627 John "James. 
 
 1628 R ! chard Poiker. 
 
 1629 Alexander Stapels. 
 
 1630 Robert Sherix-in, 
 
 1 63 1 Leonard Nix. 
 
 Mr. Richard Stapels, this year, gave to the mayor and burgefrcs, and their fuccefTors, 
 /40 to be lent to eight young men ^5 each, in iike manner as Parker's above, A. D. 
 1620. The;^5 to be lieldon:y fix years. 
 
 1632 f Villi am Gregory. 
 
 1633 Robert Parker. 
 
 Chari.es the firft vifited this place in the month of Augufl on hisreturn from Sat'and, 
 where he \Yas entertained, by the then Earl of Newcajiley in a moft fumptuoii- and 
 fplendid manner. Prior to this he was alfo entertaineJ, at Nottingham, by the faid Earl, 
 on his journey to Scotland. When Prince of IVales, it is faid, he was twice at Notting- 
 ham. 
 
 1634 John James. 
 
 1635 Richard Hardmeat. 
 
 Tliis year brought £,\oo to the poor of Nottingb.^m, (the interefl: of which was to be 
 paid them annually) from the bounty of Sir Richard Pcckham, a phyfician; this confiderate 
 gentleman was a Roman Catholic. Lilly, the aftrologer, gives the following account 
 of him. "In the year 1634, I taught Sir George Peckham, Knight, aftrology, that 
 " part which concerns ficknefs, wherein he fo profited in two or three months, hewjuld 
 " give a very true difcovery of any difeafe, only by figures. He pradliced at Ncttifig- 
 " ham, but unfortunately died in 1635, at St. Winfrid's Well, in IVales; in which he 
 " continued fo lo.ng mumbling his pater nofler and i^anSla IVinefreda ora pro me, that 
 ■•< the cold ilruck into his body, and after his coming forth of the well he never fpoke 
 " more." 
 
 1636 U'llliam Nix. 
 €637 Robert Sherwin. 
 
 1638 Robert Burton. 
 
 Anthony Acham this year left a rent charge of ^5 per ann. to the poor of Netting' 
 ham. 
 
 1639 IViUiam Gregory. 
 
 1 640 IVilliam Drury. 
 
 1641 John James. 
 
 A petition, this year, was fent to parliament from NottinghamflAre and Lancafliire 
 againrt the hierachy. 
 
 1642 Richard Hardmeat. 
 
 Altho I have not room here to detail the various methods made ufe of, about this 
 time, fome to irritate and others to conciliate the minds of the people, by the different 
 parties which agitated this then unhappy kingdom, and which was about to delu(;'c it in 
 the blooJ of its inhabitants; yet I judge it an incumbent duty, to infert, from its mode- 
 ration and good fenfe, the following letter to the Knights of the Shire for the county or 
 Nottingham, to fliew the opinions then held by its principal inhabitants. 
 
 A 
 G 2
 
 51 
 
 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [Ct^r.i.] 
 
 A Copy of a Letter fcnt from divers Knights and Gentlemen of Notting- 
 hamjhirc to the Knights Icrving for that County in Parliament. July 
 
 irt, 1642. 
 
 >;. B. Wis Majcfiys deckraticn to tbj I.cnb and ethers of the Privy- 
 Council attending his Mcijejly at York, bears date the i^th of 
 June, 1642. 
 
 I'o our much honoured Friends Sir Thomas Hutchinson, Knight, and 
 Robert Sutton, EJ'q; Knights of the Shire for the County o/' Not- 
 tingham. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 " Finding ro our great grief (by divers printed declarndons) the unhappy differences 
 betwixt his Majelly and his Parliament and from thence apprehending great fear of farther 
 diftractions, we have thought fit to impart our hearts freely unto you, as men chofen by 
 us andintruftcd for us to reprefent us and our defires in your honourable houfe of Com- 
 mons : Where in the ift place, upon all occafions we defire you to tender the acknow- 
 ledf'ement of our humble and hearty thanks for the many good laws which by their care 
 antf wifdom together with his Majcfty's grace and favour have been obtained for us both 
 for the fecurini^ us in the point of our property, and alfo for the freeing us from the un- 
 limited power'^of arbitrary government: and herein his Majelly having concurred with 
 you in all that we could txpcft or can c^efire both for our perfons and eftates, and at fe- 
 veral times promifed to join with his parliament for the reforming and reducing both the 
 doftrine and difcipline of the church to the belt and purefl timt-s fincc the reformauon; 
 and if this were done, what others would expedl; we know not, we defire no more." 
 
 " And now we cannot but Hand amazed to fee the King, the Lords and Commons 
 af^ree in all that we can think ncceil'ary for reformation, and for fecuring us hereafter to be 
 governed according to the good laws of the land in fo. ce, and yet fuch great diitrachion 
 amongfi: thofe three eftates." 
 
 " We heard long fince reports and faw printed papers of the great dangers of papifts, 
 and that even in our own country, but believe there was no truth nor ground of any fuch." 
 " We heard ')-reat rumour of a foraigne force from France and Denmark; but thanks 
 be to God we fee no fuch danger : and yet under ihefe pretences, there is great prepa- 
 ration of putting us in a poflurc of defence and a great nccelTity pretended of fettling the 
 militia : but we" fee more caufe to fear the remedy, than the difeafe, for this pollure (.as 
 you call it) of defence does carry a face of war with it, even among ourfelves, and con- 
 ccrnino-it, we are diftrafted with contrary commands. The Houfe of Parliament com- 
 inand'^ne thing, the King forbids that command, and we are at a ftand and yet we are 
 ever ready to yield obedience to all the known laws of the land, and we have ever been 
 tauo-ht that all thofe laws made in parliament conlift of three eftates, the Commons, 
 Lords and King, and we think it dangerous to untwifl that triple cord ; and we hold it 
 oufo-reateft privilege that the King and Lords whom we have heard fome time in coun- 
 cil ioinvd could not make a law to bind us without our content in parliament, and by the 
 fame reafon, we cannot expecl that the Commons with the Lords fhould make a law or 
 
 ordinance
 
 [Cbar.'u'] of Tut to\vn of Nottingham. 57 
 
 ordinance of the force of a b.w to bind without the King, cfpccially againO- the King. 
 And as we do not yield any acl of obedience to the King's command limj)ly but as it is 
 warranted by law, made by his authority with the confcnt of both Hoiiles, fo we fhall 
 not conceive ourfelves bound to obey one or both Hoiifes witliout the King, but in fucli 
 things as are according to the icnown laws of the land." 
 
 " When the King by his writ gave ub power to chule you it was to treat de (^uibufdara 
 arduns^c: We never conceived your only votes fhould be our law, nor conceived we 
 hadfucha power to confer upon you, and we require you not to confcnt to lav any fu:h 
 command upon us, nor to engage us in a civil v/ar for the inaintcnance of luch votes, 
 under colour of priviledgcs againfi: our lawful King, to whom many of us by the ap- 
 pointment of the la^v have taken the oath oHupremacy, and allegiance, to which all of 
 us are bound. And befide, we have at the command of both Houfcs taken the late 
 proteftation, wherein we have vowed to maintain the doftrine of the church o{ England, 
 his Majefty's royal perfon, honour and eftate, the priviledges of Parliament and the li- 
 berties of the fubjeft : and we Jliall endeavour to maintain every part and claufe tlierect 
 refpedlively with our lives and fortunes. And we conceive our beft diredions therein 
 to be the known laws, the maintenance whereof we account our liberty and der'ence. 
 And we account the fureft way to enjoy the benefit of thefe laws, is to join and comply 
 with his IVIajefty, under whofc protc6tion next under God we can only hoi'.e to enjoy the 
 benefit thereof; efpecially his Majefty having fince this parliament, joined in the m.aking 
 as good laws as ever any King has done, and made ib gracious proniifcs of his future 
 government according to the laws, and given abundant fatisfadlion for forae unhappy 
 accidents in his paft government, that v/e conceive great caufe to return hirn chee-rful 
 thankfulnels far thefe laws, and to yield him faithful obedience, and to confide in hin: 
 for the future," 
 
 " This is the clear exprelnon of our hearts, this is that we defire you to confent in 
 for us. And we fhall heartily pray that we might be an example to many others to 
 make the like exprefllons. And then we Ihould not doubt but this would bring a right 
 underftanding betwixt the King and hi<: people, and take away all fears and jealouliis, 
 and fettle a firm peace amonift us." 
 
 We fhould gladly and with all humility have petitioned your honourable Hcufe, but 
 ftill to this purpofc. And we undcrftand lome countries have done fo which has been 
 difpleafing unto them becaufe contrary to their fenfe ; and we perhaps through ignorance 
 might fall into the fame errour. Yet v/e hope it will not be difpleafing unto you, that 
 we give you our fenfe freely, for vou are us, and we hope you v/ill not be unvvillinr to 
 follow our fenfe, ib far as you conceive it to be the fenfe of your county v/hofc you are 
 and for whom you ferve. And fo we red your very loving friends and countrymen." 
 
 JOHN DIGBY, High Sheriff. 
 
 John Byron, Ifham Parkins, Thomas Blackwall, 
 
 Richard Parkins, John Wood, V/illiam Sandes, 
 
 William AppletoHj G. Hollis, Thomas Longford, 
 
 Robert Pillbn, Richard Byron, Jervas Sanford, 
 
 George Lafcells, John Nevile, Richard irlarper, 
 
 Matthew Palmer, Jidmund Haftings^ Gabriel Armdrong, 
 
 Roger Cooper, Edward Andrewcs, A<2:. BurncUj 
 
 Samud
 
 i+ 
 
 Tf:E HISTORY OF THE TOWN' AND COUNTV 
 
 [Cbar.i.] 
 
 Samuel Bolles, 
 Kowland Pand, 
 John Odingfells, 
 George MiKbrd, 
 John Caldccot:, 
 Robert Evre, 
 Pai kc Ca-fly, 
 Thomas Houlder, 
 Robert Saundeifon, 
 John Walker, 
 Thomas Fox, 
 John Boilers, 
 Gri. Dwall, 
 William Smiths, 
 Nich. Stoyt, 
 Thomas HoUwell, 
 Richard Draper, 
 Thomas Atkinfon, 
 Lancelot RoUlon, 
 
 Thomas Newton, 
 William Wild, 
 Herbert Leek, 
 Thomas Brown, 
 William Smythfon, 
 John Gofling, 
 William 0(;iethorp, 
 George Lafcclls, 
 John Clay, 
 Anthony Gilby, 
 Richard Boyer, 
 William Needham, 
 Richard Brough, 
 John Biutervvorth, 
 Thomas Poole, 
 John Lee, 
 John Worfdale, 
 William Shipman, 
 Charles Leek, 
 
 William Apdey, 
 Francis Cavendifli, 
 Charles North, 
 Matthew Palmer, 
 Richard Holliweli, 
 Roger Jackfon, 
 John Leeke, 
 Richard Simman, 
 Stephen Broome, 
 William Colby, 
 John Newport, 
 Edward Holland, 
 Henry Broome, 
 William Hacker 
 James Forbeny, 
 Job Hoiden, 
 William Poclington, 
 Henry Green. 
 
 TheKingcametoAw/;;^^<7wJulythe loth following, and there promifed to aft according 
 to the proteftation at Tork ; and in Augiift 22 he ereftcd his ftandard at Nottingham, a 
 
 " NalP.)n in his trial ofKing Charles I. mentions the evidence of one Samuel Law- 
 fon, of Nottingham, maltfter, who depofed that about Auguft 1642, he faw the King's 
 ftandard brought forth of Nottingham caflle borne upon divers gentlemen's Jhoulders, 
 (v/ho as the report was) were noblemen, that he faw the fame by them carried into the 
 hill-clofe adjoining to the caftlc, with an herald before it, and there the faid ftandard was 
 erefted, with gieatftiouting, acclamations and found of drums and trumpets, and that 
 when the faid ftandard was fo ereded, there was a proclamation made, and that he faw 
 the King prefent at the erefting of it, &c." 
 
 " This difference of time and place may eafily be reconciled by the'unqueftionabl© 
 tradition of pcrfons yet living, who heard their fithers fay, that the ftandard was firft 
 eredled on the higheft turret of the old tower, (which Thorotov attefts as his own re- 
 membrance, to have been the aid of Auguft-, in the caftle,) but that after a few daysi 
 people not reforting to it according to exptdation, it was judged that upon the account 
 of the caftle being a garrifon, wh.ere everybody had not lo fiee accefs to the ftandard as 
 if it was eredied m an open place, it might be proper to remove it out of the caftle, 
 which was accordingly done on the 25th of Auguft, into theclof.^ adjoining to the north 
 fide of the wall of the outer-ward of the caftle, then called the Hill clofe, and afterwards 
 for many years Standard Clofe." 
 
 " One remarkable accident happened at the firft fetting up of this ftandard in thejuft 
 mentioned clofe, viz. That the weather grew fo tempeftuous that it was blown down 
 
 foon 
 
 a. Clarendon and Ra^in have it the 25th, and that the ftandard was erefted bv the King's order on a tur- 
 ret oftheoftol- Ttie King's declaration, on this important day, was. iftcr felting up his ftandard, 
 and h s miliury arms were blefl, that he would govern aCLording to the knu'vn laws of the land ; and 
 if he fa'.led in thclc things he would cxped no relief from iTiaii nor protcaion from heaven.
 
 ICbar.i-l of the town of Nottingham. 
 
 5S 
 
 foon after it was crcvSted, and could not be fixed again in a day or two. This (as Riifh- 
 worth, Hooper, anJ fime others take notice,) was looked upon by many melancholy 
 people as a fat^l prcfage of the war." 
 
 " The following oiher particulars remarkable, happened during the king's ftay at 
 Nottingham" 
 
 " The day after his arrival at Nottingham he reviewed his horfe, whicli were 800, and 
 no fooner was this review over but the king received information that two regiments of 
 foot were marching co Coventry by the earl ofEfcx's order; whereupon he halted thither 
 with his cavalry, in hopes of preventing the parli.iinent's forces, and poffelfin ; hinifcif of 
 that city, bef )re -^hich he accordingly arrived a day before the two regiments, but the 
 mayor of the ciry, iho' without n CTanifon, fliut the gates againft him, and fired upon 
 his men ; th-^ king was very fenhbly touch'-d with this indignicy, but as there was no 
 remedy he was forced to return to Ncttin^ham, leaving the command of his cavalry to 
 commilfary -general Wilmot; Rapin adds from Clarendon : that on the 2d of Auo-uft 
 the king imagined that fetting up his ilandird at Nctlingham would draw great numbers 
 of people, thither, but was very much difappointed ; he had with him but joo foot and 
 forne trained bands, drawn together by Sir John Digby, fiieriffof the county ; !i is horfe 
 (as has been faid) confifted only of 800; his artillery was ftiil at 2''crk, fom whence ic 
 was dirficult tobr.ngit, many things being yet wanting to prepare and form it for march- 
 ing ; neverthelefs he had given out many commilTions and ordered his farces to repair to 
 No.tingham; he expected them in that town, tho' not without danger, the parliament 
 having at dventry, 5000 foot, and 1500 horfe." 
 
 " i he king was certainly in great danger at Nottingham, the town was not in a con- 
 dition to refill long, the king having fcarce any forces and the parliament troops were 
 not above twenty miles off, which h d they marched direiftly to Nottingham, the kino- 
 mull either have retired with dilhonour to York, or elfe have hazarded his beincr made 
 prifoner; this danger was evident and yet quitting Nottingham could not be very pre- 
 jOdicial to him : He was therefore advifed to fend a meffage to both houfes with fome 
 overture to incline them to a treaty ; the king refufed it, was ofi^endcd at ic, and broke 
 up the council; the next day the fame motion was renewed, but under a different view 
 i.e. it was advifed to fend a melTage to both houfts only to gain time, the kino- was fti'l 
 reluftant, but upon it being repiefented to hi n that very likely both houfes v/ould reject 
 the offer, they would thereby render themlelves odious to the people, v\ho wcredefirous 
 of peace, and who would be the more inclinable to ferve hismajeily for his endeavours 
 to procure it, that if the overture was accepted, the king would have an opportunity of 
 demonrtrating that the war on his partwas purely defenfive ; in fliort, that the bare offer 
 of peace would ofcourfe retard the preparations of the parlianieRt, becawle men's minds 
 would be in fufpence, whilft the king's levies might be continued by virtue of the com- 
 mifTions already fent out: 1 he king yielded to thefe reafons and on the 25th ofAucruft 
 three days after the fetting up of the ftandard [within the caftlej a menage was fcn^by 
 Thomas WYlothefley tzx\oi ^Southampton, Sir John Culpepper, the earl ai Dorjct :xnA Sir 
 William Uvedale, knight." a 
 
 This overture, every one knows, was rejefted with indignation. While the kino- was 
 at NeUinghamj this year, he fent a letter to the mayor and corporation oi Leicejler dil- 
 
 owniii? 
 
 4L. Deerihc.
 
 j6 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND C0UNT7 \Char. I.] 
 
 owning his having any knowledge of a letter fent by his nephew. Prince Rupert to that 
 
 body denianJiiiga loan frcm them of;f looo. a The kings letter. 
 
 " Trufty and well-beloved \vc grcete you vVcll. We nave fee n a warrant under o'r 
 " nephew Rupert's hand dated ye bth of this month, requiring from you and other Inha- 
 " bitants of our Towne o^ Lslcjjler ye loan of /. 2000, wih as wee doe utterly difavow and 
 " diflike, as being written without our priority or confent. Soe wee doe hereby ab- 
 " folutely free and difcharge you and that our Towne from yeelding any obedience to the 
 " fame, and by our owne letters to our faid Nephew wee have written to him to rebuke 
 " ye fime, as being an aft very difpleafing to Us: Wee indeede gave him diredlions 
 " todifarm fuch perfons as appeared to be difaffcftcd to our Perfon and Government, 
 " or the peace of this our kingdome, and Ihould have taken it well from any of our 
 " Subjeftsthat would voluntarily a Rift us with ye Loane of Armes or Money, but it is 
 " foe farr from our hartt or intentions by Menaces to compel any to it, as wee abhor 
 <♦ yc thought of it; and of this truth ouraccions fliall bear tellimony." 
 
 " Given att our Court att Nottingham, 8 Septbris, 1642." 
 
 The, demand of Rupert and the gentle hint, at nearly the conclufion of this letter, that 
 a roiu-ntary loan would be taken wdlt fhews that the king began the war with empty 
 coffers. 
 
 1643 William Nix. 
 
 Noitiniham was in the hands of parliament, and fo continued to the end of the war. 
 A notable prifoner, John Hotham, governor of Hull, was lent to Nottingham caftle this 
 year, as a place of fafcty; but he found means to efcape thence, b 
 
 J 644 William Nix. 
 
 1645 Thomas Gamble. 
 
 1 646 John James. 
 
 Henry Hanley Efq. by deed dated 1646, and by will dated 1650, left -the annual 
 rent of ^120 for charitable and pious purpofes, chiefly to this town: ^20 of which fum 
 hs left for a lefture to be preached, weekly, at St. Mary's church. 
 
 1647 William Drury. 
 
 I may obferve that, during thefe unpleafant times, the Elector Palatine and his brother, 
 prince Rupert, were fevcral times at Nottingh.im. 
 
 1648 I Villi am Richards. 
 
 1649 William Nix. 
 
 Money was fo fcarce, about this time, that tradefmen, of note, coined their own 
 money. This fort of cafii was chiefly of braG, with the names of the owners thereon, 
 called tradt-fmen's tokens. The p'ate, fubjoined, contains copies of many of thofe made 
 for the ufc of the refpeftive tradefmen &c. of Nottingham. This colleftion was made by 
 Mr. William Stretton of Nottingham, for this hiftory, (to whom 1 acknowledge myfelf 
 beholden, alfo, for other favours in the profecution of this work) none are earher than 
 1648, nor of a later date than 1672. 
 
 1650 Thomas Gamble. • 
 
 *' Exemplification 
 
 a. >I'!i)btainecl onlv/'joo of the money. Rupcrl's army, when he demanded the money, lity M. Quecnt- 
 
 bj'i'ugh, h miles fiom Lckcjicr. 
 
 i, Tlic lh;ngs that paiiicuLuly regard this place, at this important period of our nation 
 follow, colicflcd chiefly by i)ti;(.[NG from Ruihwonh, Whiilock and oilier writers 
 
 al hiftory, are as
 
 J.lVyUi^..
 
 [Char.l'\ OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 57 
 
 Exemplification of the King s ancient pojfc/jioris in Nottingham in the time 
 
 of the Civil War. 
 
 Parcdl pcffefs. ant'tq. Ccrcn. Aiigl. 
 
 ViUii NottA ; "1 " Increm. reddit. refcrvatpro fceda firma vi 1. Nott. et prodiverfis 
 increment \ ■ ' \ franchefiis et libercatibus p. liueras patentcs Htnrici quondam regis 
 infrajcrip J "' J Anglic fcxci anno rcgni fui XXIX. majori, hominibus et buigcnfi- 
 bus ville prcdi(5te XIU Ih. IIII d. conceffis five coniiimatii p. ann." 
 
 " I 
 
 " Tlie fame year about C'nr'flmars, Colonel Ilutchinfon, govcrnnr of Xoltiu^rham cafllc, acquainted tlic 
 parliament with an ofleroftlie Earl of A^fa'Cij/.-ic lo pav liin lo.oool. and to make him a Lord and govrrtior 
 of the cad c, tti him and his heirs, ifhe vvoul i dil.ver it to liim fcr the king, which flutcliinfon icTufcd." 
 
 " A. D 16,1.4. ^" June Colonfl Hutchindn, govornor of No/tingham met with a parly of hanarka!, 
 flew Captain l liimblebv, and took 50 of ihem ; the fa;iie party from Notlinj^ham the next day took more 
 of the Niwarkers, 20 gentlemen and officers and 60 of ihcir horfe and furniture.'' 
 
 " The latter end of this year Colonel I horncy with a parlv fiom hottinghavi, took a garrifon oF the 
 King's near Newark, and in it tlic mafler <jf the houfe, Sir Roger Cooper and his brother, and 50 other 
 pnfoncrs, with their arms." 
 
 " I'he fame year a party of the king's forces from Kezvark came forth to gather cor.tiibiiiion, and took 
 prifoncrs fome countrvincn that were \n arrears ; the committee of !^ottin;^liam having notice thereof fcnt 
 forth a party who puilu ng thoie of .\aoark they left th?ir priloners and fiyc or fix of their men behind, and 
 halted to their quarters ; the :\ottiiifJi :m men loilowedlhem clofe, and fo far, that another party of A cjcarA 
 forces came forth upon them, routed them, recovered their priloners, and took of tlie parliament party, 
 Major M-ldrum, Lieutenant Smith and about 28 Soldiers with iheir arms and horfes." 
 
 A D. 1645. The committee and ihe governor of .^o^^(n_l;/i,•2mdil.^!^rced lo much, that the parliament re- 
 ferred tlie difference to a commitiee April the 17th, and on the zifl of Aptil Colonel Hulrlnnfon, gover- 
 nor of y Dtlin^ham, a member cf the houfe, informed them that a party of horfe from Newark h<id ftormcd a 
 fort upon Tro;^ bridge near this garrifon, and became inaflcis of it, and put about 40 to the fword. It nas 
 referred 10 the comtniltee of both houfes tocompo'e the dilTerenccs between the governor and the cominit 
 tee, and to take care of the fafety of the place." 
 
 " The jtfi of May fome Leiceflfr and i^ottintrh^m forces marching to regain Trent bridge, the King's 
 forces in it fled away at night, carrying with them wlut they could and lei fire to the reft." 
 
 " The 20th of June the Scols army being at Nottingham and Sir Thomas Fairfa.x at LrAufler, it was 
 referred to a commiitee of both kingdoms, to manage the armies to the befl improvement of the public 
 fervice. (The HcoU were afterwards ordered to lit down before Newark." J 
 
 " The 30th of June Colonel Muichinlon took 60 horle and 48 priloners, Officers and arms " 
 
 " The 4ih of Oftober loool. was ordered to the Nottingham horfe who fought gallantly at the late fight 
 at Che/la, and other lums for others of his forces " 
 
 " A. D. 1645. March the iSih. A'oWin^/iam/7/iVe having been highly opprelTed by the armies lyinf before 
 Newark, ihe houle ordered to take it into conlideration." 
 
 '• 1646. July 1 ilh. Order for reducement of the forces of Nottingham, and for money for that work 
 and for the loiTes and damages of that county." 
 
 " A. D. 1646. Februiny the 13th. The King was brought to N,ittingh%rn, having been the ^d of the 
 fame month delivered to ihe EngliJIi commillioners at ,^ enra/lle. Sir Thomas Fail far went an(f met the Kins 
 who llopt his horfe. Sir Thomas alighted and kifTed his Majefty's hand, and afterwards mounted and 
 dilcourled with the King asthey palTed to hotlinoham : The King laid to one of the commifTioners: ^ hat 
 the General s'ar a. man of honour and h'pt his word with him." 
 
 " A. D. 1647. Jilv the 15th. The forces in the north and the horfe quartered in Nottingham Tided with 
 the army, and publifhed a declaration of their adhereme to the army CDmmandcd by (ieneral Fail f 'x." 
 
 " A. D. 1648. June the i3lh. I he parliament was acquainted with a dcfign 10 furpriie Nittinfliam 
 caftl -, but that the governor Captain Poulton furniized an. I look prifoners the complottcis, which were 
 Sir Marmaduke Langdalc, with ten more gentlemen in diiguile." 
 
 " The 
 
 H
 
 ^8 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [C&^r. 1.] 
 
 " I find the above faid rent of XIIIs. Illld. per annum upon the mayor, men and 
 biircrcircs of the town oi Ncttingbam ; became firft charged in the annual roll of the ex- 
 chequer, the 33d year of Henry VI. fince which time the fame rent has continued fo 
 char-^ed in the fubfequent annual rolls, but the date of the letters parents or the days, 
 time%nd place when and where the lame rent is referved payable, I cannot certify for 
 that 1 have not feen the Iciters patents or any copy or inroUment thereof. 
 •:-•;.'/. Nott. 1 ^ , 1 " Armual. redic. de cenfu domorum plurimorum in vill. Nott. per 
 rcdil. infra I i annum XXII Ilh. VId. folubit etde Tojlis monetariorum cum incre- 
 
 fcript. \ "' J mento p. annum IXfh. fulubit.p. homines vill Nott. prout p. magnum 
 rotuium fcjccarii de anno VII Johannis quondam regis Angl. et annual, rotul. fcaccarii 
 fubfcgucnd viz. XXXIIlli. VId." 
 
 " I find that the laft abovcfiid premifes became firft charged in the annual roll of the 
 exchequer of ihe 6th year of Richard I." 
 
 " But cannot further explain orfet forth the particulars out of which the faidXXXIIfh. 
 VId. p. ann. do arifc, neid;ier can I find any grant or further improvement made thereof 
 or therefore." 
 
 " But I find by the annual roll of the 2Cth year of Henry III. that the men of Noi- 
 tingham were difcharged of Vllh. Vllld. p. ann. by the King's writ, for the houfe of one 
 
 Willjanj 
 
 " The i8lh of December a Shcri^ of Nattini^limnf'nre was chofen." 
 
 '• A. D. 16-18. The lylh of January, the gariilon of A'o«i«ff/iam caftle was munered, by which it ap- 
 peals that then it confided only of one company of foot, of lOO private men exclufive of drummers, 
 commanded by Captain Poulton, Governor." 
 
 '• At this time one Lawrence Colhn was gunner of the caflle, of whom 'tis remarkable, that after ths 
 
 garrifon was difband^d, he cliole to ftav at '•oitinjham, in order to follow his former occupation, which 
 
 ■was wool-combing, but the corporation ofteiing to give him diftuibance he petitioned Cromwell, which 
 
 occafioned the following order to be fent to the guveino.-, which accidentally diopt into my hands, viz." 
 
 "SIR, 
 
 " His Hi"hnefsthe Lord Proteftor having heard the petilion of Laurence Collin, which is hereen- 
 " clofed, is plcafed to recommend it unto you to fpcak to the mayor and other magiftrates of AoUinghatn, 
 " to know the reafon why thev will not fuffer the petitioner to fetup his trade in the town. And if lher& 
 '• be no other caufe of cxceiuion, but that he is not a Ireeman, in regard he has faithfully (erved the com- 
 " mo'.nvediiii. his bighnels docs think it fit that he fliould continue in the town, and be admitted to follow 
 " his calling (or the maintenance of himfelfand family. Which is all I am commanded to communicate 
 •• to you from his highncfs by the hands of 
 
 "SIR 
 
 Whiuhdl, this i7lhof July. " your very humble 
 
 " and faithful lervant, 
 ''LISLE LO N G." 
 
 " After this he lived in quiet and laid the foundation for a thriving family in Kottingham, wliich at this 
 " time is very confidcrable, being fliengthened by the intermarriage into the family of George Langford, 
 " Efq.one who had nut only bee:i an eminent furgeoii, but alio bore acommilTicn in the parliament army, 
 " and was mayor of i'-oUins^ham at the revolution. Laurence lived to the 91ft year of his age, as appears 
 •' by his grave Rone in St. Nicholas's church." 
 
 '• A. D. 1650. The latter end of iVJay or beginning of June, the General Sir Thomas Fairfax, his 
 " regiment, and the train of artillery were at hottiiigham, in their march to the north." 
 
 " A. D. 1656. In March Colonel Hacker had apprehended feveral of the confpiratois againft Crom- 
 " well in I^oilinghamUdrc and Ldcejicrpiire, and kept them all in awe. The confpiracy againft theproledfor 
 «' began in March 1655; firil at Sa'ijbury, then ExcUr, Korthumkrland, &c. a 111 ong declaration was pub- 
 " lifheJ by the title of: 
 " The Deckration of thtjru and mil afc^cd People of England new in Arms again/I the Tyrant CROMWELL."
 
 l^Cromw el'\ of the town or Nottingham. 
 
 S9 
 
 Willi im Jourdan, which the King had aOlgned to Reginald of Mendec and F.folot his 
 wife in recompence of their houfe by the ditch of the barbican of the caftle of Ncttin<rham, 
 and that VJfli. Vllld. p. ann fliould be every year computed to the bailiffs o{ Krt!hi"hr.m 
 out of the XXXlUli. VId. p. ann. ^t? cotfu dcnwruni, which has been allowed yearly 
 unto the men of Nottingham ever fince. But I have not fcen the faid writ. \\ hethcrthe 
 fame ought to be allowed fo hereafter, is offered to confideration." 
 
 Fx. Hen. Crcke. 
 Fill. NotfA ^^^j "^ " Annual, redil. refervat de tenemento illo quod fuit Mcjei i\t de 
 redit infra ( ■ !• Siiabur, Jiidei ti de tenement© illo in eadem villa quod fnit Peytetigti 
 Jcrip/.j J quondam Judei Nott. et Eli^cMn ejus et de demo ilia que fuit fchola 
 jud (;ium in eadem villa, p. literas patchtes Ediiardi quondam regis Angiie Imi. o-erent. 
 datum quinto die maji anno regni fui XX. Hiigoid PutreU de Ihurmejlon et heredibus fuis 
 imperpetuum concefs. reddend. eidem fummam diefandti K'.ichaelis ^. manus ballivorum 
 l^ott. qui pro tempore fuer. p. ann id." 
 
 " I have made thefe five particulars by order from the honourable truftees according 
 to an afl of parliament of March 1649, for the fale ofFeofarm rents, &c. belongin" to 
 the late King, Qii'^en and Prince." 
 
 27 th of April 1650, " Exf. Hen. Croke. CI. Pipe." 
 
 1651 Richard Dring. 
 
 Dr. Calamy gives an account of three clergymen who fettled at this place, this year, 
 who, while living, ftudied together, lived together and preached together. One of them 
 of the name of VVhitlock, a diffenting minifter, died in 1708, aged 83. Reynolds and 
 Barret, the other two, fettled at Nottingham, in confequence of an invitation from the 
 churchwardens and f ime of the principal inhabitants of St. Mary's parifli. ]n 1660 they 
 were indifted for not reading the common prayer of the church, and Reynolds was 
 excommunicated. After this they were feized at a meeting-houfe at Coltvick, near 
 Nottingham, and again in 1665. In 1685, on the Duke ii Monmouth's landing, they 
 were imprifoned. In 1697-8, Reynolds died peaceably at A'o///«_f/?;^»?, aged 73. Bar- 
 ret, during the troubles, was fome time minifter of St. Peter's church, where he met 
 with m.uch oppofition. We have no account of his death. We may readdv give the 
 Do(5lor credit for his affertion that thefe three puritans ftudied together, and lived to- 
 gether (perhaps in one houie) but v/hat he means by their preaching together is not 
 eafily accounted for. 
 
 1652 JViiliam Dr'tiry. 
 165-? Francis lopL'dy. 
 
 1654 John Parker, Mercer. 
 
 1655 'Thomas Huthivait. 
 
 During Cromwell's ufurpation the fiam.ewoik-knitters addrefled him by petition t^at 
 they might be incorporated, by charter, under the great feal of England. 1 his recuelt 
 was couched in ftrong and manly language ; but it did not fucceed. 
 
 1656 M'iliiam Richards. 
 
 1657 Thomas Gamble. 
 
 1658 Richard Dring. 
 
 That accomplifhcd general, accouiplifhed hypocrite, and accon-ipllfl-ied tyrant, Oliver 
 Cromwell, died Sep. 3, 1658. 
 
 H 2 '^
 
 6o 
 
 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [^Cbar, H.] 
 
 1659 IViliam Drury. 
 
 1660 Francis Toplady. 
 
 1661 John I'arkcr. 
 
 1662 Lhr tflopker Hall. 
 
 On St. Bartholomew's day, this year, on which the aft of uniformity was to take 
 place, two thoufand prefbyteri.ins confcientious minifters, chofe rather to give up their 
 livings than lubmit to the conditions of the aft. Several of thefe were from Nottingham 
 
 and Ntttinghamjhire. 
 
 1663 William Greaves. 
 
 1664 Raljih Edge. 
 
 1665 IViliinrn Jeckfcn. 
 
 1666 Richard Hodgdkins. 
 
 1667 Jofcph Wright. 
 
 This vear Nottingham was viliced by the plague. It is worthy remark, that it made 
 much greater ravages in the higher than in the lower part of the town j this was attributed 
 to the cfHuvia frorn the tanyards, in the lower part of Nottingham, where tliere were then, 
 
 in number, 47. 
 
 1668 John Parker. 
 
 1669 'Chrijlcphcr Hall. 
 
 1670 V/iUiam Greaves. 
 
 1671 Ralph Edge. 
 
 1672 William Jackfon. 
 
 A good old blackfmich, Barncby Wartnaby, of Nettingham, willed, at this time, 
 fome confidcrable property to a numerous kindred. Befides which he left a token of 
 his afFeftion to the poor of Nottingham, Lincoln, and Newark, noticed in the 4th Seftion. 
 
 1673 Richard Hodz^ekins. 
 
 1674 Jcjeph Wright. 
 
 1675 'jobii Parker. 
 
 1676 Chriflopher Hall. 
 
 1677 J Villi am Greaves. 
 
 1678 Ralph Edge. 
 
 1679 John Parker. 
 
 1680 Gervas Kifpcn. 
 
 168 1 Gervas Wyld. 
 
 About this time a furrender ot corporate charters was attempted by the crown ; in 
 many places it was effected, but here there was a confider. ble conteft. 1 he burgefles 
 were in o-eneral much againft the meafure; but the m;iyor, and hii party put the cor- 
 poration fcal to an inftrument of that purport, Augult 12th, 1681., In confequence 
 a new charter \\z% fent down on Michaelmas day following. On the fucceeding choice 
 of mayor, the new charter-men elefted M'illiam "Toplady and the old William Greaves. 
 In the iffue, after much riotous behaviour, thofe friendly to the new charter fuccecd. In 
 1684 a trial came on before Judge Jefferies, in WefiminJler-hzU, againft William Sacha- 
 verel, Efq. and others, for a riot, where all were fined and bound to keep the peace for 
 tvveive months. Sachaverel's fine was 500 marks. 
 
 1682 William To f lady, 
 
 1683 Chriftcpher Hall. 
 
 1684
 
 \_y/imes U.I OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 6l 
 
 1684 William Petty. 
 
 1685 Robert Wcrtley. 
 
 1686 John Parker. 
 
 !Gervas Rippon. 
 John Sherwin. 
 George Langford. 
 
 James II by unwarrantable means attcmpced to new model the corporation, in which 
 he leferved to himfclfa power of placing and difplacingthe members of that body, ile 
 feiit his §luo Warranto, this year, to the town, which turned out of office, Gervas liip- 
 pon, and the five preceding gentlemen, in the above lift, and replaced them with John 
 
 Sherwin, George Langford, Charles Harvey, Hyde, and Crifp. John Sherwin 
 
 died in his mayoralty, George Langford was in office the fucceeding year. In the 
 fucceeding reign this town received a full confirmation of all their rights, privileges, and 
 immunities. 
 
 168 3 George hcniford. 
 
 George Langford, the mayor, was a diffenter, firm and manly, but rcfpeclful to his 
 fovereign in thofe trying times, v/hen a great and extraordinary event was upon the eve of 
 prefenting itfelf to £/<ro/)f, the revolution of 168 J, which dethron'd a native prince, and 
 brought an ahen, without a pretence to hereditary claim, to weild his feptre. 
 
 On the 20th of November, the earl o^ Devcnjhire, at the head of a great number of 
 gentlemen, at Derby, declared for a free parliament, agreeable to the prince of Orano-c's 
 declaration. On the 23d the nobility, gentry and commonalty, wh^ had colletfled in 
 confiderable force, from all the noithern counties, in the intereft of that prince, fiib- 
 fcribedto a declaration to join rhe prince of Orange, " whom they hoped God Al!rii"!i- 
 " ty had fent to refcue themfelves and their poilericy from the tyranny of a jefuitical privy 
 " council and an arbitrary government." 
 
 DfiERiNG, whofe book^vvas publiihed in 1751, f.ys, '« There are men fWI livincr in 
 this town who well remember, that above ten days before the foregoing declaration was 
 made public, the duke of D^i;5«;Z/r(?, the earl of ^V/^/wz/cr^, the lord How, and otlier no- 
 blemen, and abundance of gi^ntry of the county of Nutingham, reforted to this town and 
 went to meet one another at their refpeilive inns, daily increafing in number, and con- 
 tinued at Nottinghara till the arrival of ioid Delamerc, with between 4 and 500 horfe ; 
 this nobleman quaitcned at the feaiher's inn, whither ail the reft of the noblemen and 
 gentlemen came to meet him ; ai.d 'till th.s time the people of the town wt-re unac- 
 quainted with the refult of thcfc frequent confultations, when the above-mentioned lord 
 after he had ftaid a while in the town, having a mind to try the difpofirion of she popu- 
 lace, on a fudden oidered the trumpets to found to aims, giving cut that the kind's 
 forces were within four miles of Nottingham, whereupon the whcde town was in alarm, 
 multitudes who had horfes mounted and accoucred themfelves with fuch arms as they 
 had, whilft others in vaft numbers on foot appeared, fome with fire locks, feme with 
 fwords, fone with other weapons, even pitchtorks not excepted, and being told of the 
 neceflity ofiecuring thepaffage over the irent, thev iinmcdiateiy dicvv? all v it boats ih.-it 
 then were near at hand, to the north bank of chat river, and with rhtir, and fomctim.ber 
 and boards on the wharf, with ban els, and all the frames of the maiker-ftalls, banicadcd 
 the north fide of the T^rent. My lord Delamere and his party, well pleafed with the 
 readinefj of the people to give their afiiftance, his lordfhip fent his men and fome ofiiceis 
 
 to
 
 62 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY \JVilL i^ Mary"] 
 
 to the prince of Orange, but himfelf with a few officers (laid till the next day, being 
 Satnrdav, which h the principal m:=.rket-day, when he, the duke of Drat/v/jnT, the lord 
 How, &c. appeared at the malc-crofs, and in the face of a full market, the lord Dela- 
 mcre in a fpcech declared to the people, the danger their religion and liberty were in 
 under the arbitrary proceedings of the king, and that providence had fent his highnefs 
 the prince of Orange, under God, to deliver them from popery and flavcry, for which 
 reafon according to the prince his declaration, they were for a free parliament and hoped 
 •their concurrence ; this was ieconded by a fpeech of the duke of TJtvonJhtre, and alfo of 
 die lord How, which was followed by the fhouts of the people, who cryed out a free 
 parliament ! a free parliainenl ! This done lord Delamere depaited to follow his troops, 
 whilft the duke and lord How, made it known that they were for raifing horfe in defence 
 of their liberty, and would lift fuch as were willing to be entertained, whereupon upwards 
 of an hundred men whooff..'red themfelves, were entered that fame day. 
 
 In this month of November, princefs Anne privately withdrew from court, leaving a 
 letter to the queen behind her, to fliew the reafon^ of her retreat, which if it h.id not 
 been produced, the king's own guard would in all probability have joined the enraged 
 mob, and have torn the popifh party to pieces, upon a furm.ife that they had either 
 made away with her or confitied her to the tower. This princefs with the lady Churchill 
 and the lady Berkeley, took coach privately at the bifnoo oi London's houfe and went 
 direftly to Nottingham, attended by that prelate, the earloi Dorfet, and about 40 horfe- 
 meni but there the earl of Devonfaire (after (lie had (laid feveral days in Nottingham) 
 gave her a guard of 200 , from whence (he retired to Oxford, where prince George 
 foon after met her, with a detachment of the prince of Orange's forces." 
 
 " Some days before her departure it was reported that the queen had treated her 
 very rudely, and proceeded fo far as to (Irike her, which probably might caufe that 
 fufpicionin the mob, and excite them to goto Whitehall." 
 
 1689 Charles Harvey. 
 
 Henry Martin, this year, fettled a rent charge of ^3 per annum, to apprentice a 
 poor boy annually for ever. 
 
 1690 John Hawkins, 
 
 1 69 1 Jcjepb Turpin. 
 
 1692 William Greaves. 
 
 William and Mary, at this time, renewed the town's charter, and granted the town 
 an indemnity for what had paft. 
 
 169] "Thcmas Trigge. 
 
 John Parker, alderman, by will dated this year among other things, gave f^g every 
 other year to put poor boys to trades. The lady alfo of Sir Thomas Grantham gave 
 j(^200, the intereft of which to be applied to the fame benevolent purpofes. 
 
 1694 /]rf bur Richards. 
 
 1695 John Hce. 
 
 1696 Francis Samcn. 
 
 1697 Samuel Leland. 
 
 1698 William -■ e ves, 
 
 1699 Thomas Collin. 
 
 1700 Samuel IVatktnJon 
 
 1701
 
 [_FFill.& Mary'] oy the town of Nottingham. 6j 
 
 1701 John Rickards. 
 
 IJ02 John Peake. 
 
 1703 Samuel Smith. 
 Mr, Robinfon by indenture, this year, gave the intereft of^T 100 towards the fupporc 
 of the poor in bread, forever. 
 
 1704. JFilliam Barke. 
 The benevolent Abel Collin, by will, this year, amongd a variety of bequefls, gave 
 the incereft of^20 towards apprenticing poor boys and girls, ^55 to buy coah for the 
 poor, one fhilling weekly to the debtors in the tov/n and county jails, and aj^ioo to be 
 diftribuced amongft the poor. He alfo left the remainder of his perfonal eftate towards 
 the building and endowing an hofpital. See Sedt. 4.. 
 
 1705 John Shipman. 
 
 1706 Francis Samon. 
 
 1707 William Drury. 
 
 Queen Ann granted a patent to Sir Thomas Willoughby, Bart, and his heirs, the 
 high Itewardihip of the ancient Peverel court, which was formerly held in NjtHiig- 
 bam. 
 
 1708 Samuel IVatkin/on, 
 
 1709 John Peake. 
 
 A William Lees, at this time, in a fit of inebriation (to which he was addiifhed) 
 leaped into a well, 23 yards deep, out of v/hich, he was foon after taken, without re- 
 ceiving any material injury. 
 
 1 7 1 o Samuel Smi/h. 
 17 T I Benjamin Green. 
 Mr. Thomas Sanderfon left 40s per annum to the poor 0^ Nottingham. 
 1 7 1 2 William Barke. 
 17 13 John Collin. 
 In this mayoralty the dell:ruitive appellations of the En^lilh and French boroughs, 
 •where before this time feparate juries v/ere impannelled, were difufcd. a. 
 
 A great flood, this year, placed many of the houfes, near the river Leen^ under 
 water. 
 
 1714 John Shipman. 
 Anthony Walker, a traveller, gave by will lo the poor of the parifh where he might 
 die, ^^6 annually in bread. He died in the parifli of St. Nicholas. 
 
 7 Thomas Hawkef.ey. 
 ' ^ ^Samuel IVatkinJon. 
 The former was difplaced in March, after he was chofen. This, like all occurrences 
 of this nature, occafioned ill will, difguft, and bickerings. 
 
 1 7 1 6 John Sherwin. 
 
 1 7 1 7 Thomas Trigge. 
 
 1718 Marmaduke Pennel. 
 
 1 7 1 9 Richard Beam. 
 
 A man, named Rook, had a moft miraculous efcape fiom death in this mayoralty. 
 He being employed to clean a well, at the L'ccky in high pavement, which was thirty 
 
 yards 
 
 4. It was after the Norman conquefl that th s divifion was made, the eatl pait of the town meadows and 
 fields were ia the Englijli, and the well part of the town Ac. was the French' i.
 
 6^ THE tllSTOHY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY L^^"' '] 
 
 yards deep, an.l b-inf^ in the well, thoL- above who were employed in drawing up 
 die biickcr, by carcltrncf:, let ic fall, wlx'n it was near tl.e top; in ojnfequence its ve- 
 locity, in goinjdown, d.-e.v afcer it th- barrel, ab )ut which the rope was wound ; the 
 man perceiving his danger caft both his arms over his iiead, as a guard, they receiving 
 the violent fiiock laved hirn from dertiuiflion. He was, however, as might be expedted, 
 very much bruilt;d. 
 
 1720 TViHir.m Bilbie. 
 
 A miraculous efcape from death alfo happened in the month of July, this year. John 
 Chambers, a gingerbread baker, got very much in liquor while the duke o( Newcnjlle 
 kept open houfe at die caftle ; but he made a fhift to ramble from the paved yard upon 
 the rock, in a frolic, v.'hence he fell backwards, down the precipice, about 133 feet, 
 almrft perpendicular, into a garden, near the Leen river, and efcaped with but little 
 injury. 
 
 1721 Berja>nin Creen. 
 
 William Gregory and John his ion gave 2s a week to be laid out in bread for the 
 poor of St. Mary'b parilli for ever. Alfo Hannah and Elizabeth N'Jetham left a rent- 
 charge of ^^50 yearly to be laid out in bread for the poor of the fame parilhfor ever. 
 
 1722 Alexander Burden. 
 
 A man of loyalty, about this time, whole name wns Thorp, left ics. perann to the 
 vicar of St. Mary's to preach a fermon on the 29th of May. 
 
 1723 Tbcraas Trigge. 
 
 1724 Marmaduke Fennel. 
 
 1725 Richard Beam. 
 
 1726 Williatn Bilbie. 
 
 1727 'JrJ'eph Walters. 
 
 Dr. Deering, page 84, tells a long and ridiculous ftory ofa Langford Collin, Efq. 
 who lived at 26rj^, al)Out this time, who heard //'rff loud knocks at his doer, in the dead 
 of the night, exaftly at the time that his coufin, Thomas Smith, of Nottingham, died 
 in London. More likely the knocks of a Bacchanalian fpirit than that of a melTcngcr 
 from heaven. The knocks were given it is faid " as it done v.'ith a fledge hammer." 
 
 Another ftory Dr. D. tells of the faid Collin ofa piece with the former with refpett to 
 knocking; only the latter was like the driving of nails into a coffin; this was about 
 three years after the former, and happened at the exaft time, we are told, of the death of 
 his brother. 
 
 1728 Benjamin Green. 
 
 1729 Alexander 'urden. 
 
 1730 M- illiam Trigge. 
 
 173 1 Thomas Trigge. 
 
 1732 John Hut h'!vai\ 
 
 Augufl the 15th, this year, a woman named Eleanor Beare, was tried at Derby affize 
 for fuch a complication of Ihocking crimes fcarcely ever heard of; upon whofe trial it 
 cam.e out that Ihe once went to Nottingham to deftroy the foetus of a girl with child there, 
 for which prafcice ihe was fecretly famed. 
 
 This wretch was tried upon three mlfdemeanors, firft. in endeavouring to perjuade a 
 man to poifon his wife-, fecondly, for dejtroying the jcetiis in the womb of Grace tielfort, by 
 putting an iron injlrument up into her body and thereby caujtng her to mijcarry. And thirdly. 
 
 On
 
 "[Geo. li^ or THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. ^ 
 
 On whom it was Jnl'tsJoMcrUy proved, itcis pivcipaUy ir.jlrumentd, to the prjuading of her 
 
 Jervant maid, to he an acccmplice in a murder, for vvhicli fiie was executed the preceding 
 
 March, by whofe confertion clicfi; horrid fccr.es of wickcdnefs were brought to light, a. ^ 
 
 17.^3 "Thomas Langfcrd. 
 
 1734. U'iUiam EHbie. 
 
 1735 Benjamin Green. 
 
 1736 Alexander Burden. 
 
 B7 a flood, in July, the ground Qoorsj in the houfes near the Leen, were two feet 
 deep in water. 
 
 Henry Ward died this year, at the advanced age of 109. This man was made a 
 b u rge fs o f Nottingham, in 1733. 
 
 About this period, Deering infornnsus, that a child fell into a well at the endof A^^r- 
 rovj-MarJh, and chat rhree men, furceffively, went down into tlie v/ell in fearch of it; 
 the firft could not find it ; the fecond, the child's father, af er finding and bringing it 
 up in his arms, great part of the way, let it fall in again, from an extraordinary agitation 
 of mind ; the third brought the child out alive, which was perfef^ly recovered the next 
 day. 
 
 The fmall-pox raged, at this time, with great violence, at Nottingham, in the month 
 of May. There were buried at St. Mary's, in that fhort period, 104 fouls. The bu- 
 rials this year exceeded the births by 380. 
 
 1737 IVilliam Trigge. 
 
 1738 John Newton. 
 
 George Tacy died about this time at the age of 100 years. 
 
 1739 J'^wztf; Ihithwaite, 
 
 An high toned addrefs, or rather inftrudions, wasfent from a part of the burgeffes and 
 freeholders of this place, to their reprefentatives, Borlace Warren, and John Plumtre, 
 E<qrs. on the fcore of placemen and penfioners of the crown, in which they fpeak of their 
 Heeding hearts in confequence of the great and dangerous influence of fuch men. 
 
 Mary Riley, commonly called Goody Riley, died at the age of ico. This woman 
 was a pauper, and till widiin a few years of her death travelled to London, on foot, to fee 
 her friends. ~ 
 
 1740 Thomas Langford. 
 
 This gentleman was chofcn alderman while he was fherifFj and when he -was mayor 
 the fecond time, was high fherifF for the county. * 
 
 One Crampton died, at this time, aged 100. 
 
 1 741 Alexander Burden. 
 A Mrs. Freeland died this year aged 99. 
 
 1742 fViUtam Triage. 
 
 John Rollefton, who lay ill of a violent fever, in a garret, in Barker- gate, in a deli- 
 rious fit, threw himfelf from a window of his room, into the yard ; thence he ran into 
 the (Ireet and jumped into a well, where he remained up to the chin -in water about an 
 hour be ore he was taken out. He was then put to bed, and in a fhort time got well, 
 and mariied foon after. This man was living in Deering's time. 
 
 1^43 John Hornbuckle. 
 
 Chapel- oar 
 I > 
 
 «. This ttanuftlon is circumftantially related in die Gent, Magazine, 1732. 
 
 >.•»
 
 ^g THE HISTORY OF TWE TOWN AND COUNTV [Gc-O. ii,] 
 
 Chapel-bar was pulled down this year. 
 
 1744 loin hurt on. 
 
 In June, the boot-catclier, ac the Crovvii inn, in his Qeep, got up from bed and fell 
 from a window four (lories high, upcn the pavement, and received no fra6Uire from the 
 fall. He was however ocherwife much hurt. 
 
 1745 Ikr.ry Butler. 
 
 Of tlie rebellion, which happened at this time, but little occured here more than in 
 other places, near which the forces of prince Charles approached. Some however were 
 panic Itruck at their fo extraordinarily advancing into the heart of the country, and 
 others, friendly to the caufe, Hiewed figns of friendly intentions, but very few of tliem 
 indications of courage ; very few ioined this daring little hoft of 6Vo/<:i6;»w. 
 
 During die rebellion, three butchers oi Notlwgham, then in the duke of A';«^i/i«'j- 
 regiment, killed, at the battle of Ciilloden, fourteen rebels, a, 
 
 1746 Jamts Uuthwaite. 
 \']it1 'Thomas Langford. 
 
 1748 JVUliam I'rigge. 
 
 1749 John Hvrnbuckle. 
 
 May 15, in Nottingham, and in many parts of the county; in Derhyjl.n>'e z.nA Leicefler- 
 fhire, fell an extraordinary ftorm of hail, many of t!ie ftones meaiurcd 4 inches round. 
 It deftroyed fruit trees, broke many windows, and killed fcveral rooks in Donnington 
 park. 
 
 1750 John Burton. 
 
 At Nottingham, in particular, and Retford, Tuxford, and many other places in the 
 county, was felt a fevere fliock of an earthquake, on Thurfday the 2jd of Auguft, 
 about 7 in the morning; but no material damage was done in confequence: it was a 
 remarkable calm day before and after the Ihock. 
 
 1 7 5 1 Henry Butler. 
 
 1752 Ja77ies Huth\vaile. 
 
 1753 Thorn ai Langford, 
 
 1754 William Trigge, 
 
 1755 Samuel Fellows. 
 
 About this time ftrong northern lights appeared here, and in many parts of England caUed 
 the Aurora Borealis. Thefe lights, people have imagined, portend fome approaching 
 calamity to the places where they are moft vifible, and feme fay that they were never feen ia 
 England, till IMarch 1715. In contradiction to the latter opinion, Matthew Weibninfter 
 has given many inftances of fimilar appearances. His words on what happened in 743, 
 are " Viftjunt in acre i£fus ignei, quales nunquam mor tales illius <tvi viderunt, Kal. Jaji.'" 
 That on the firft of January, certain fiery ftreamers were feen in the air, fuch as the men 
 then living had never bei eld before. Mr. Whifton would have us believe that thofe 
 lights are more frequent fince 17 15, and that they are intended to indicate the approach 
 of t"he good event of the reftoration of the Jews, and the commencement of the millennium. 
 
 1756 John Burton. 
 
 1757 Cornelius Uuthwaite. 
 
 1758 Bmry Butler. 
 
 1759 IJaac Wylde and Thomas Langford, 
 
 William 
 
 a. Hind's difcipline, page 6.
 
 \_Geo.Yi.] OF THE TOV/N or NOTTINGHAM. g-^ 
 
 William Andrew Hornt, of 5K«^r/<fy haU, DerfyJIjirc, Efq. aged 7i«^ was execiited at 
 Ncttinghmny Deccnibt-r 1 1, for the murder of an illegitimate male child, three days old ; 
 which crime was committed thirty-five years before ! He was convidled tlic preceding- 
 fummer unize, before the Right Hon. Lord Chief Baron Parker; but reipited from 
 time to time, on account of the extraoidinary circumfTancer. attending his cafe. The 
 .principal evidence was Mr. Home's brother, who had fome fliare in the tranfaftion, and 
 ..difgraceful to tell, it appeared upon the trial, had repeatedly threatened the fuffercr that 
 jie would iiang him if he refufed him money, as often as he wanted it. He had, hovr- 
 ever, fome years before the murder came to light, feemingly, confcivntioiifly, applied 
 to a magiftrate, and related the whole tranfadlion, who perfuaded him, for the credit of 
 his family, not to reveal a crime of that heinous nature done (o niany years before. It 
 appeared upon the trial, that the crime was committed in the following manner. iVlr. 
 Home took the child from its mother, carried it to a remote farm-yard (in Nottin^bam- 
 jhire) and there covered it with ftraw, under a hay-ftack, by which it was finothered. 
 Jt was difcovered in this pofition, next morning, by a fervant man who (luck the prongs 
 of his fork into its body. The manof courfe was terrified at the difcovery of the child. 
 Much pains was taken at that time to difcover the perpetrators of this foul deed, but in 
 vain. Old Home, died almoft infenfible to his awful exit. The crowds of people at- 
 tending his execution wxre immenfe. 
 
 1760 Robert Hidjh. 
 
 1 76 1 James Hornbuckk. 
 
 1762 Humphrey Hollins, 
 
 There is an old adage o( the liter being hit. It was never more verified than in the 
 following relation. 
 
 A ftocking-maker, who lived near Nottingham, bought a piece of veal, fome time in 
 May 1762, in Nottingham market, took it home, and defired his wife to drefs it for din- 
 ner, by 1 2 o'clock. The veal, the obedient wife cooked accordingly; but the huAjand 
 being not pundual to his time, the wife being fomewhat ill, fet it by without tafling it. 
 The wily htifband returned about 4 o'clock, and brought with him fome beef-fteaky, 
 which he would have cooked for his dinner. The poor woman fried the (leaks with the 
 veal dripping ; the man ate his dinner.; but was almoft inftantly taken ill. The man 
 being alarmed, queftioned his wi(e about the cooking of the veal, from which he foon 
 learnt that the fteaks had been fried with the veal dripping, upon which he faid that he 
 was a dead man. He then confefled thaf he had rubbed the v.eal all over with arfcnic to 
 poifon his wife, .and foon after expired. The furgeon who examined the veal, declared 
 that it retained. as much poifon as would deftroy a hundred perfons. a 
 
 1763 Co-'-neliiis Huthvjeiite. 
 
 1764 Henry Butler. ^ 
 
 In June, there was the moft dreadful fla(hes of lightning and thundei ever remembered 
 at Nottingham. And in the fucceeding month fell the heavieft rain ever known there, 
 attended with thunder and lightning, from which feveral people were ftricken to the 
 ground, but none killed. 
 
 1765 JVilliam Cooper. 
 
 1766 Robie Swan. 
 
 July 
 
 e. Gentleman's Magazine. 
 I 2
 
 63 
 
 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY \_GeO. ill.] 
 
 July a I ft, a ball of fire ftrurk the hoiife of a Mr. Cox, in Back-fide, now Parliameni- 
 
 Jlreet, whicli tore the window fran'.es, where there was iron, in lunder, and damaged 
 
 other parts of the houfe ; but it ftruck none of the inhabitants therein. At Goofe fair 
 
 this year a man was fhot' fitting by his chcefe, during the riots about the high price of 
 
 that article. 
 
 1767 James Hcrnhuckie. 
 
 1768 IVilliam FmUis. 
 
 1769 Humphrey Hcllins. 
 
 In May, one of the moft heavy Itorms of hail fell here, and in feveral parts of the 
 county, ever known. It dafhed to pieces the windows of many houfes, broke the glafs 
 alfo in the windows of many gentlemen's hot houfes, gardener's hand glafles, &c. &c. 
 In the preceding April died a Mrs. Butler, in Narrsw Marjhy aged 92, where, it is 
 remarkable, Ihe had lived all her life time. 
 
 1770 Richard Butler. 
 
 January 27. About 10 o'clock at night, after a very warm day, a remarkable vivid 
 fiafh of lightning immediately fucceeded by a tremendous clap of thunder, fhook the 
 houfes to fuch a degree in Nottingham, that the people apprehended it to have been an 
 earthquake. The lightning was feen as a general conflagraiion for fome moments. 
 
 In June, this year, one Dominick Lazarus walked 25 times round Nottingham race 
 crround, for a wager of 4 guineas. He began at 6 o'clock in the morning, and finifhed 
 a quarter before 5 in the evening. This was looked upon as a very extraordinary per- 
 formance. 
 
 1771 CorneUus Huthwaite. 
 177 a Henry Butler 2ir\A Richard Butler, 
 In Februarv, feveral people perifhed, in the foreft, going from market, in confc- 
 cuence of extreme cold and a great fall of fnow Many ilieep alfo perillied. 
 
 1773 '■Thomas (Jldknow 
 
 In July, a woman of the name of Fopiis, went to a -jjeU, in Backfide, to draw water, 
 in whicli attempt her cloaths by fome accident got faitened to the rope and chuin, by 
 which means Ihe was dragged into the will, and killed. 
 
 1774 John C'rruthers. 
 
 1775 John Fellcws. 
 
 AuguH: II, died in Nott-ngham, J ihn Collin, gent, a dcfcendant of I,aw. Collirr, 
 appui.:ted by 0.:vf r Cromwell, to the command of a company doing duty at Nottingham 
 calllf, from wiiom defcended Abel Collin, f )under of ihe hofpital which bare his name. 
 He i.icd a batchclor. In March, this yc.r, a young man of the name of Vcce was 
 hanged for the nuirder of Vlary Dutty, a wather-woman. He wa^ an iniiabitant of 
 Sneintcn, near which the murdei was (ommitted. 
 
 1776 "Thomas -awls 
 \']'l'l Rii'.ard Butler. 
 This vear the firfl ftone of the grand Itand was laid, on the race ground, by Mr. 
 Strrtt-on, ail emini nt build.r, and one of the undf rtaker.s. Mr. John Carr, o( 2^orky 
 arcl\iU'A. Ic is doubdef^ one of the fincft buildings of the fo:t in the kingdom. 
 
 A remark ible occurrence- happened a'^out thi . time at a pLce called Deny Mount. 
 As (oik- workmen were clearing away tne ru b fh at thi^ place, they dilcovercd Teveral 
 human bones but little injured by remaining in the grounj. In a fcuU there was the 
 
 appearance
 
 ^Gec. iii.] OF the town of Nottingham. 6a 
 
 appearance of a bullet hole. A dagger was likewife found with the fkeletons, 5 in 
 number, and a piece of filver coin about the fize of a fhiliing, the legend not legible; 
 alfo a copp>r-coin, called a tradcfnian's token, on which was Thomas C.ejhire at the 
 Kings Head, Forcftreet, 1669, his halfpenny. It is imagined that thefe things had lain 
 here ever fince the days of Cromwell. 
 
 1778 Ihomas Oldknow. 
 
 1779 ll'iiliam Iluthwaite. 
 
 In Augull, John Spencer was execwtetl at Ncttingham gallows, for the murder of 
 William Yeadon, toll-collector, and his mother at Scnoby turnpike, and was afterwards 
 hung in chains near the fpot. I le confelfed that he accomplifhcd the horrid deed in the 
 following manner: That he knocKed at the door of the turnpike houll* in the dead of the 
 nigfit and f.iid that he had f:)me bealb to go through, and thai when the youn^- maa 
 opened It he knocked him down with a iiedge (lake ; then went up llain,, °vherc 
 the in .ther lay afleepir. bed, and with the fame weapon he killed her alfo The youn^ 
 man was tound on the r ;ad nearly dead by the drivers of two Turk/hire wa'jo-on^ 
 A watch the murderer fto e from the houfe led to the difcovery of the murderer. °° 
 
 1780 -fohn -'fneliie. 
 
 February 12, the foundation ftone of the infirmary was laid. See Seft. 4. 
 
 1781 John Carruthers. 
 
 1782 John Fellows. 
 
 March 27, Cooper flail, who was ronvifted at the preceding aflize for robbino- the 
 mail, Wis executed at Ucttingham gallows purfuant to hi> fenicnce ; which was alfo^that 
 hi.-; body thou d be afierw.ird:. hung in cha;n ; but this part of ;iis fentcnce was not rar- 
 ried into exccuti m, on accoun of his former good cha.a6ter and ingenuous c ;nf ffion 
 rha: lie made. It appeared on the trial that Mali l"et off from Neiv-irk wiere he h rd 
 on the nig I of the 24th of November to meet the poft boy, which \\- did, and pcrfuaied 
 him t) lake him into his cart as a poor traveller, cold, lirtd, and benidited. The wea- 
 ther bci,ig fevere, he eafily peifuadcd the poft-boy to take a dram offpirituon ii |uor 
 which lie had in his pocket, which was mixed with opium for the purpofe of acrom- 
 plilhing his dclign. i'his liquor operated on the boy as Hall would have it: it laid 
 him dow.i in a found fleep, while die rob er flole fiv.- bags ofletters whicli he carried 
 home i but in endeavouring to neo;ocia-e the bilh, his booty, he was detected. 
 
 178 { Rnha7 d Butler. 
 
 1784. IViittain lloivift. 
 
 1785 William flutbwaiie. 
 
 17 85 John Carruthers 
 September 27, died at •c:tiugham, Mr. Matthew Unvvin, author of a fmall volume 
 ofpoe.iis, facred and evangelical, 1783. 
 
 November 4, died Mr Chailes Wilkinfon, formerly that eminent mafler of the 
 academy at Nctting'.^am, which he reHgned a few years bef- re hi:, deaih to the Kev. J. 
 Blancnird. Hio indullry in hi profl-fTion was fcarcely ever equalled ; his mathematical 
 kno.vledge was emin-'nty great, an;l he excelled in penm ailhip and drawincr. fi^e 
 duties of iii^ pi ofeffion he difcharged in a way honouraole to himfelf an I facisfaA'iry to 
 the parents of the youth he wa:> intruded to educate. He was fanClioned and app.auded 
 by the learned and ingenious as a teacher of the higheft clals. 
 
 ^727 7>-/<^pb Lowe. 
 
 17S3
 
 JO Trtt HISTORY or THE TOWN AND COUNTY [Gf(?. iTl.] 
 
 1788 William Hoivilt. 
 Lieutenant and uirgeon iiright, of tl.c Noltinghamfoire militia, af:er having fpcnt the 
 evening on the 7th otjune with his brother officers of the regiment, left them to go to 
 •bed ; in his room, by i'ome accident the candle flam.e draught bis fhirt, and thence com- 
 municated to the other puts of his cloathing ; he was fo fhockingly burnt before he 
 could be afl'iltcdin extinguishing she -fire, tiiat he lingered about thirty hours, and tfien died. 
 
 1 7 S 9 William Smith and Richard Butler. 
 The latter gentleman was chofen mayor, agreeable to a writ of mandamus ifllied from 
 the court of king's bench. The burgelVes at large infilled upon their right to vote ; but 
 were over-ru'ed by reading the charter of Henry VI. 
 
 1 7 90 John Fellows. 
 
 1 79 1 ll'illiam Uitthicaite. 
 The town-hall rebuilt. 
 
 1792 Jofeph Oldhiciv. 
 
 March 2, An alarming niock of an earthquake w^s felt in feveral of the midland 
 counties.; but particularly at Nvttingbam, where many of the inhabitants fled from 
 their houi'es into the ftrects, expefting their habitations to fall upon them. The Hiock: 
 was preceded by a rumbling noife like the rolling of a cannon ball on a boarded floor. 
 This Ihock happened 20 minutes before 9 o'clock in the evening. 
 
 May 12, a riot of an alarming nature brodce out on account of the high price of 
 feutchers meat. The people in a frantic fit broke the doors, fhutters, &:c. of the iham- 
 bles, and the books they found in the fliops they deftroyed by fire, in the market-place ; 
 but by the well-timed order of the magiflirates to the military, peace was reftored for 
 that time; but on the Sunday and Monday following, fymptoms of the fame dilbrder 
 appeared, vviiich was prevented coming to a ferious head by the vigilance of the ma- 
 giftrates. 
 
 An extraordinary occurrence happened this year in St. Mary's diurch yard. It was 
 found neceflary to improve the paflage by the fide of the church yard leading to the 
 county hall, which could not be eftedted without taking down fome houfes, and the 
 church yard wall wliich ftood on the fouth fide the church ; and the better to widen the 
 road it was alfo neceflary to ufe a part of the church yard. The ground being much 
 hiMier here than in the flireet, when the fence wall was removed, there happened, one 
 ni<^ht, a heavy fhower of rain, which waflied away a confiderable portion of the earth 
 from the churchyard, in confequence feveral cc^ns were left bare of covering, and 
 fome removed; amongft which was one that contained the remains of Mr. William 
 Moore, who fometime lived at the fign of the Black Swan, near the church, ^nd who 
 had been buried about la years. The coffin being broken there was found in his re- 
 mains a concretion not unlike a pumice fl:one, but rather whiter, and as large as the liver 
 of an OX; pieces of which are in the pofiefilon of feveral people q^ Nottingham. Mr. 
 Moore was a remarkable man for having a large belly, which projefted more on one 
 fide than the other. He often obferved to his friends that he perceived a hard fubftance 
 forming vvithin him when he was only 22 years of age, which grew fiowly while he 
 lived. He died about the age of 70. He has been alfo heard to fay that he felt but 
 little pain from this fubrtance ; but found it troublefome. It may be worthy remark 
 that the ribs, on that fide it grew^ were much bowed outwards. Doftors Hodges, 
 Nevil, and Ford, had examined him while living, feveral times ; to the furvivor of 
 
 whon)
 
 [Ceo. iii.J OT THE TOWN OF NOTTINCHAM. 
 
 7" 
 
 v,hom he had promifcd his body to be opened v;hen dead ; but he happening to furvivc 
 thofe gentlemen, liis body was interred without being opened. Nothing, fiiys mv infor- 
 mant n would have brought this curious phenomenon to light had it not been for this 
 accidental d.fcovery. 
 
 In plate page 176 is a reprefentatron of a piece of this fubftance, which Mr. 
 Walker gave me. The piece I have is very porous and weighs about two ounces. 
 
 In May, this year, the canal bill pafled, in confequence of which there was ^reat 
 rejoicings at Ncttiughaw. It forms a juncftion with the Lrcmford thro' a country inex- 
 hauftible in coal and iron. 
 
 In the fame month a very ferious riot happened about the price of butchers meat. 
 
 1793 Henry Greci. 
 
 Was Ihot by his own fon, Francis Walfh, fhoe- maker, on the evening of the kino-*s 
 birth-day. The youth wantonly difcharged his piece clofe to the fliouldcrs of his father 
 with a view to frighten him ; but the wadding pierced his flioulder, and could never be 
 extrafted. He died in die infirmary in great agonies. 
 
 1794 '■Tbomaj (Jaunt. 
 
 This year is marked by the loyalty of the inhabitants of the town and county, in 
 fupport of that conftitution which EnglijJmen admire. Four troops of gentlemen 
 Yeomanry and Cavalry were raifed out oftne moft refpeftable of the inhabitants, fimilar 
 to what was done in other places ; their cloathing lijarlet and bufFj their commander 
 Anthony Flardolph Eyre, Efq. of Grove, near Retford. None fhewed more loyalty on 
 this occafion, by way of fubfcription, than a club in Nottingham called the loyal 
 
 SOCIETY. 
 
 Bridfli gratitude was alfo fliewn this year by a liberal fubfcripdon at this place, and 
 in the county for extra warm cloathing for the Brinfh troops on the continent. 
 
 In May, an aft for iinproving the navigation of the river Trait was obtained, and 
 for making a navigable canal to join the Nottingham canal. 
 
 July the 2d, towards evening, a ferious diftui bance took place, in this town, in con- 
 fequence of fome people, evil affected, fhewing figns of pleafure on the arrival ofibme 
 difagreeable news from the continent, wearing in their hats, emblems, " the meanino- 
 of their he.rts." b A party, compofed of royalifts, in confequence, ducked feveral 
 fuppofed difaffefted people in the river Leen. But not Hopping here^ the mob at nighc 
 fet fire to fome outworks of Mr. Denifon's cotton mill, where fome Jacobins, as they 
 were called, had taken (helter, whence fome fliot were fired. The vigilance of the 
 magiftrates and their friends, however, and the light horfe, from Nottiyigham barracks 
 prevented further mifchief than burning fume premifes which were fufFered to blaze out. 
 The next day alfo was a day of ducking and diforder. 
 
 1795 Benjamin Ucrnbuckle, 
 This year will be memorable, in this place, on account of the great flood which happened 
 on Sunday February the 7 th, after a froft of nearly 7 weeks, which was fucceeded by a 
 rapid thaw, which, in two or three days, occafioned the greateft flood ever remembered 
 by the oldeft perfon living, and, we fear, has caufed the greatcll damage to individual 
 property that was ever fullained in {o fliort a time. " So awful, fo fudden a vifitMon 
 worked upon the feelings of all defcriptions of people j the rich and the poor, in different 
 
 places, 
 
 m, Mr< M'alker, arefpeflable builder in Kettingham, under whoTe immediate infpeftion the fa£l happened 
 
 l>, NoUingham Journal,
 
 yj THE 14«STOfty OF THE TOWK AND COUNT'/ '[C^O. 111.] 
 
 places, were all alike involved in the general cataflrophe ; each one endca^-oured to fave 
 his own from the peiifliable and dcftruLlive elc-mentary fluid ; l>ut the condition of thofa 
 unhappy il.lYcrers who icfide in the newly-bnilt hoiifcs in the Meadow plat, was truly 
 afflicting, for their ' iitde all' were literally fwimming away !— As yet, no idea can be 
 adcqiiatdy formed of the calamities that have happened ; we are afraiil tlie mournful 
 catalo'^ue wc lliall have to prefcnt to our readers the cnfuing week will developc fcencs 
 ihat wTu agonize every humane breaft. 'I'lie ailluent, no doubt, on thi'. iad cccafion, 
 will be ready to affoid confolation and aniilance to the indigent fufferers.— The 
 accounts we have for the prefent, are, that many famihes, not only in this tov/n, but in 
 all the villages bordering upon the Tm;/, have been very great fufFerer?, in the lofs of 
 cattle drowned, and goods damaged ; — the new gravel road fi om lience to the I'raU- 
 brid<'C, which was heightened and improved at different times, at a confiderable expence; 
 the 'beautiful canal cut, which forms a collateral branch with the l.ee}i, have received 
 fuch immer.fe fradures, as will make their repairs amount to a confiderable fum on the 
 
 whole ; the new Lcv«-bridge, the arclics to drain oft the water from the road, are alfo 
 
 materially injured ; but, by the timely exertions of the corporation, in fetting a number 
 ofh^nds belonging to the Grantham canal immediately to work, under the dircftion of 
 Mr. OlJknow, bridge-mafter, and Mr. Green, furveyor, it is hoped part of the damage 
 will be repaired, fo as to admit pafli^ngers in a day or two. — The mail, which Ihould 
 have arrived on Tuefday, did not arrive till this morning (Friday) which alio brought 
 the bags for Wednclday and Tinirfday." a 
 
 On Wedncfday March ijtii, was executed at Nottingkapi gallows, David Proctor, 
 for a rape on his daughter-in-Uw ; what is remarkable, he denied the charge with his lafl 
 
 breath. 
 
 April the 19th, a mob arofe in confequence of the high price of provifions; but no 
 very leiious confctiuencts attended this tumult. l"he troops of Ac///>/^^/w« gentlemen 
 Yeomen affcmbled on tliis occafion, fully accoutred, with a troop of heavy Dragoons, 
 who fecured about 13 of the ringleaders, which rellored peace to the town. 
 
 SECT. IV. RELIGIOUS HOUSES. 
 
 a. Kotthfham Journal. — I liavcbccn lately informed that an cftimatc of the damage done by this very ex- 
 traordinary Hood, xo liridf/s, waier-uwks, and individual property , in this kingdom, amounts to upwards 
 of a million of iinoncy.
 
 for the TOWN of N O T T I N G H A M, 
 
 OWN WILLIS, ESQ. communicated to DEERING- 
 
 Eurgejfes of the Town. 
 
 Johannes de Fleming. Willielmus de Hardcby. 
 
 V Johannes le Fleming. Adam, de Ic Fleming. 
 
 Cedilla Amilfa. 
 
 Johannes de Ciophill. Giialterus de Thornton. 
 
 Adam, Fleming. Johannes Ingram. 
 
 John Fitzadam de Morter. Walter de Thornton. 
 
 Johannes Lamboks. Robertas Ingeham. 
 
 Johannes de Nottingham. Johannes Ingram. 
 
 Johannes de Befton. Johannes de Bere, 
 
 Willielmus Gilham. Johannes Lambok. 
 
 Johannes Lamboks. Richard le Curzun. 
 
 Johannes Lambocks. Richardus de Brumby. 
 
 Hugo Stapleford. Richardus Palmere. 
 
 Johannes Bryan. — — Robertus de Brundby. 
 Willielmus Gotham. Bartholomeus Cotgreve. 
 
 'o 
 
 Willielmus Buck. Johannes de Palmere. 
 
 Galfridus de Flemyng. Simon de Folevil. 
 
 Robertus de Brunuby. Alanus Cardoun. 
 
 Richardus Curzin. Johannes le Cupper. 
 
 Johannes Bully. Johannes Widmerpoole. 
 
 Nicholas Shelford. Willielmus de Shelford. 
 
 Johannes Peruwyke. Petrus BrifReld. 
 
 be Chawonli, 
 
 4 Edw.
 
 A LIST of the KNIGHTS of the SHIRE and BURGESSES for the TOWN of NOTTINGHAM, 
 
 From Prymne's Lift, down to the i6th of Charles the Fir.l:, with Notes and Obfervations, by BROWN WILLIS, ESQ^ communicated to DEERING- 
 
 Tliofc marked tlius • were difcovcrej by Brown Willis. 
 
 Reign. 
 
 JFberc hdd. 
 
 " 23 Edw. I. p. ap.Weftm. 
 
 25 Kdw. I. p. ap. Lend. 
 
 26 Edw. I. p. ap. Ebor. 
 28 Edw. I. p. ap. Line. 
 28 Edw. I. p. ap. Lond. 
 28 Edw. I. p. ap. Weftm. 
 30 Edw. I. p. ap. Lond. 
 *jo Edw. 1. p. ap. Weftm. 
 
 33 Edw. I. p. ap. Weftm. 
 
 34 Edw. I. p. ap. Weftm. 
 •34 Edw. I. Counc. Weftm. 
 
 35 Edw. 1. p. ap. Karl. 
 
 1 Ed>v. !I. p. ap. North. 
 
 2 Edw. II. p. ap. Weftm. 
 
 4 Edw. II. p. ap. Weftm. 
 
 5 Edw. II. p. ap. Lond. 
 
 5 Edw. II. p. ap. Weftm. 
 
 6 Edw. II. p. ap. Wind. 
 
 7 Edw. II. p. ap. Weftm. 
 S Edw. II. p. ap. Ebor. 
 
 8 Edw. II. p. ap. Weftm. 
 g Edw. II. p. ap. Line. 
 
 [0 Edw. II. Counc. Line. 
 12 Edw. II. p. ap. Ebor. 
 [2 Edw. II. p. ap. Ebor. 
 [5 Edw, II. p. ap. Ebor. 
 ly Edw. II. p. ap. Weftm. 
 iS Edw. II. p. ap. Lond. 
 I n Edw II. p. ap. Weftm. 
 
 . ITJ... TIT .. Tn PKrir 
 
 5 Edw, II. p. ap. Ebor. 
 
 y Edw. II. p. ap. Wefln 
 :S Edw. II. p. ap. Lond. 
 
 ) Edw II. p. ap. Weft- 
 . Edw III. p. ap. Ebor. 
 
 1 Edw. III. p. ap. Line. 
 »i Edw. Ill, p. ap. Wefti 
 
 2 Edw, III. p. ap. Nov. Sar. 
 2 Ed*. III. p. ap, Ebor. 
 
 2 Edw. III. p. ap. North. 
 
 :m. 
 
 Kinghts if Ihi Shire. 
 
 Gervafius de Clifton, — Johannes de Anneflcy. 
 Williclmus de .Stanton. — Willielmus de Colewyk. 
 Richardus de Bingham. — Richardus de Furncn. 
 Ranulp. de Waldetby,— (a) Will, de Chadworth Miles. 
 Will, de Chadwort. Miles. — Randulphus de Wandftey. 
 Randulphus de Wandfley, — Will, de Chedworth. 
 rhilipus de Lafleys. — Robcrtus de Ecclefale. Milites. 
 Johannes de Lyft^er^. — Robertus de Eccleftiall. 
 Thomas Malet. — Hugo de Herfcy. 
 Robertus de Jorts. — Robertus de Samby. 
 Robertus de Standely. — Robertus de Jourz. ' 
 
 *Thomas Malet. — ^Johannes de V'illers. 
 Walterus de Goutle. — Petrus Pycot. Milites. 
 Johannes de Grey, (b) — Willielmus de Shadworth. 
 Walterus de Goufhill. — Thomas Malet. Milites. 
 'Willielmus de Farwell. — ■ 
 
 Thomas Malet. Hugo de Hercy. Milites. 
 
 Pecrus Pycot. — Petrus Foun. Milites. 
 
 I'ctrus Picot. — Petrus le Fown. 
 
 Joh. de Charveleys. — Gervafius fil. Gervafii Milites. 
 
 Johannes de Lyforus. — Petrus Fenn. 
 Laurentius de Chawork.. — Hugo de Hercy. 
 Thomas de Longevillers. — Petrus Foun. Milites. 
 Richardus Willoughby. — Petrus Foun. 
 
 Robertus de Jortz. — Richardus de Willoughby, jun. 
 Reginald, de Allaclon. — Robertus de Jortz. 
 Johannes Bary. — Robertus Ingram, 
 kadulphus de Burton. — Petrus Foun. Milites. 
 Petrus Foun. — Robertus Ingram. Milites. 
 Johannes de .i^nncftey. — Willielmus de Gotham. 
 Phihppus de Calfetoft. — Petrus Foun. 
 HenricLis de Facombery. — Robertus Ingram. 
 •Robertus Ingram. — 'Petrus Fen de Markham. 
 
 2 B. Willi. Ills Lift bas Bray.— b Enjwn Willis witb good reafon fuppofe! llial 
 
 Burgeffes of the Town. 
 
 Johannes de Fleming. Willielmus de Hardeby. 
 
 y Johannes le Fleming. Adam, de le Fjcming. 
 
 CtduU Amilla. 
 
 Johannes de Crophill. Gualterus de Thornton. 
 
 Adam. Fleming. Johannes Ingram. 
 
 John Fitzadam de Morter. Walter de Thornton. 
 
 Johannes Lamboks, Robertus Ingeham. 
 
 Johannes de Nottingham. Johannes Ingram, 
 
 Johannes de Befton. Johannes de Bere, 
 
 Willielmus Gilham. Johannes Lambok. 
 
 Johannes Lamboks. Richard le Curzun. 
 
 Johannes Lambocks. Richardus de Brumby. 
 
 Hugo Stapleford. Richardus Palmere. 
 
 Johannes Bryan. — —Robcrtus de Brundby. 
 Willielmus Gotham. Bartholomeus Cotgreve, 
 
 Willielmus Buck. Johannes de Palmere. 
 
 Galfridus de Flemyng. Simon de Folevil. 
 
 Robertus de Brunuby. Alanus Cardoun. 
 
 Richardus Curzin. Johannes le Cupper. 
 
 Johannes Bully. Johannes Widmerpoole. 
 
 Nicholas Shelford. Willielmus de Shelford. 
 
 Johannes Peruwyke. Petrus BrifHeld. 
 
 il IhoulJ btf CbawOIlli. 
 
 4 Edw.
 
 Riign. 
 
 trim held. 
 
 Knights of the Shire. 
 
 Burgejfa for the Town. 
 
 (a) 4 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 •4. tdw. Ill p ap Wint. 
 4 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 *5 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 6 Edw. Ill pap Weftm. 
 •6 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 6 Edw. Ill p ap Ebor. 
 
 7 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 8 Edw. Ill p .ip Weftm. 
 
 8 Edw. II! p apEbor. 
 
 9 Edw, 111 pap Weftm. 
 9 Edw. Ill p ap Ebor. 
 * 10 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 loEdw. Ill pap Weftm. 
 •11 Edw. Ill Counc. Weftm. 
 1 1 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 1 1 Edw. Ill p ap V/eftm. 
 
 12 Edw. Ill p ap Ebor. 
 i2Edw. Ill pap Weftm. 
 
 12 Edw. Ill Conf ap North. 
 •13 Ed.v, III p ap Weftm. 
 
 13 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 14 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 14 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 •14 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 J 5 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 17 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 j8 Edw. Ill pap Weftm. 
 
 20 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 21 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 22 Edw. in p ap Weftm. 
 •22 Edv/. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 24 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 2.^ Edw. m pap Weftm. 
 26 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 26 Edw. Ill (b) pap Weft. 
 
 27 Edw. HI (c) p ap Weft. 
 
 25 Edw. HI p ap Weftm. 
 29 Edw 111 pap Weftm. 
 31 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 31 Edw III p ap Weftm. 
 
 32 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 33 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 34 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 34 Edw. Ill p ap Weftm. 
 
 Milites. 
 
 Rohertus Jorte. (d)— Johannes Byks, 
 
 •Petrus Foiin. 
 
 Pa^anus de Villers.— Petrus Form. 
 
 fohannes de Monteny.— Williclmiis de Eland, 
 
 •Johannes Bvkc— *Rogcrils de Verdi^n. 
 Johannes Ingram.— Johannes de Oxen. 
 Johannes le Brett.— Richardus de Strelley. 
 Williclmus de Eland.— Tho. de Rade. Milites. 
 , "Kichardtis de Strelley.— "Johannes dc Oxen. 
 1 -Willielmusde Eland. --Thomas de Radcliff. 
 Johaimcs de Brett. Richardus dc Strelley. 
 
 •Joh, de Oxenford,— 'Richardus de Strelley. 
 Thomas de Bckeryng.-Richardiis de Strelley. 
 Willielmusde Eland.-Ric.de Strelley. Milites. 
 •Johannes de Oxent"ord.--*Ric. de Strelley. 
 Willielmus de Eland. — Richardus de Strelley. 
 
 Will, de Eland. — Johannes de Oxenford. (e) 
 Ric. de Willoirghby. (fj— (f) I'etrus Foun. 
 
 Johannes de Vaus. Williclmus de Gotham. 
 
 Ugidius'JeMrignill.-— RogcrusdeEnington. 
 Johannes Darcy. --Johannes Dcyncourt. 
 Robertas Joric— Thomas de Alheburnc. 
 Johannes Barry.-- Robcrtus Jorce. 
 Gallridus dc Staunton, --Johannes de Vais, (g) 
 Robertas de Jorte. (h)--Rich. de Willoughby. 
 Reginald de AQ.lCton. (i)-Rob), le J.irtz, (k) 
 Thomas deNewmarlli.--- Johannes de Kineton. 
 Joh3nnes de Vaus.— -Gervafius de Clifton. 
 Willielmus Trufibut.--Nicliolai Bernack. (1) 
 Johannes dc Vau;.--Gcrva(ius de Clitton. 
 Thomas de Bykcring,— Will, del Kcr. fm) 
 Thomas de Bykeriiig.---Joh. de Wadcfworth. 
 Willielmusde Wakebrigg.-Will. del Kei. 
 (n) Ric, de Grey Miles. Bu; one kt. by the 'Utrits. 
 Hichaidus de Grey. Miles. 
 •R. Grey dc Landeford,-* Will. deWakebrugg. 
 Ric.de Bingham. (o)--Rogerus dc Hopewell. 
 Richardus de Grey. Cp)— -Johannes Buzoun. 
 
 'Ric. di Grey dc Landeford.— -• Joh. Bozoun. 
 Thomas Malett.— -Mugo de Hetty. 
 Richardus de Grey.-- Willielmus Wakebrugg. 
 Richardus dc Grey. ---Willielmus Wakebrugg. 
 
 t All onr Hiflorians *grcc ll Jt aParliamcni ws* litid at Notlingliam nio, IJ days after Michaelmas the 4th of 
 tie Oxcnfoiil. g B, W't Lift V = u8. h Jul.anmnle Vaui. i Galfiidtis tie Staunton. 1( Johannev dti Mufl, 
 W'l Lift plai-Ci Aiinllj- and EckynEhim in the jlft ot Ldward. 111. r B. W's Lilt Thomas tie Roldctto.i, 
 Slaey idcni> 
 
 Lawrentius Spiccr. 
 Johannes Fleming. 
 
 Rob. Moorwood. 
 Alanus Cardon. 
 
 Williclmus Gotham. Rot. Moorwood 
 
 Joh. de WidnT-rpoole. Joh. Fleming. 
 Rob. Motewode. Joh. de Crophill. 
 Joh. Wydmerpoole. Joh. Fleming. 
 Joh.de Feriby. Willielmus Thorp. 
 Joh. de Feriby. Ric. de Curzonn. 
 Johannes de Feriby. Will, de Thorp. 
 
 Will, dc Gotham. Rad, le Taverncr. 
 Rogcrus Bothayle. Will, de Colfton. 
 Will. Gotham. Robcrtus Moorwood. 
 Nicholaus Ingram. Simon Folevile. 
 Rogerus deBothale. Will, deColfton. 
 Joh. de Feriby. Rad. le Taverncr. 
 
 Joh. de Colicr. Will, de Roderham. 
 RobertusMoorwood. Will. Roderham 
 Gallridus Fleming. Will. Tovy. 
 
 Will. dcLoderham. Sim.Wodeburgh. 
 Rob. Ingram. Ric. Newthorp. 
 
 Rad. Taverncr. 
 Rad. Taverncr. 
 Rad. le Taverncr. 
 
 Ric. le Taverncr. 
 H ugo le Defpenfer. 
 J. de Widmcrpoole. 
 
 Hugo Ic Spiccr. Johannes Brigford. 
 
 Will. Findern. Thom,as Moorwood. 
 Rob. Burnby. 7 homas Moorwood. 
 Thomas Moorv/ood. Joh. Ingram. 
 fRog.deHoppewell. Rog.Hoppewell. 
 Tho. dc Moorwood. Johannes Ingram. 
 
 Johannes Ingram. Rohertus Burnby. 
 R.dcHoppcwelljjun. Will.deFindern. 
 
 Reign. 
 
 IVhere hehi. 
 
 Knights of the Shu 
 
 £::rgijts for the Tiwu. 
 
 ;i Edw. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 
 36 Edw. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 
 37 Edw. 3 p ap Wefttn. 
 
 38 Edw. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 
 39 Edw. 9 p ap Weftm. 
 *40 Edw. p ap Weftm. 
 
 42 Edw. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 
 43 Edw. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 43 Edw. 3 p ap Weftm, 
 *45 Edw. 3 Counc. Wint. 
 
 46 Edv/. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 
 47 Edw. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 *50 Edw. p ap Weftm. 
 (q) 50 Ed. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 51 Edw. 3 p ap Weftm. 
 *i Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 *2 Rich. 2 p ap Glouc. 
 •2 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 2 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 3 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 •4 Rich. 2 p ap North. 
 
 5 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 *.-, Rich 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 6 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 6 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 *7 Ric. 2 p ap new Sarum 
 
 7 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 8 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 9 Rich. 2 p ap V^eftm. 
 
 10 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 1 1 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 *I2 Rich. 2 p ap Cantab. 
 13 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 •1+ Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 15 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 
 16 Rich. 2 p ap Wynt. 
 
 • 1 7 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 18 Rich. 2 pap Weftm. 
 20 Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 *2i Rich. 2 p ap Weftm. 
 I Hen. 4 p ap Weftm. 
 *2 Hen. 4 p ap Weftm. 
 *4 Hen. 4 p ap Wint. 
 *5 Hen. 4 p ap Weftm. 
 S Hen. 4 p ap Weftm. 
 
 Richardus de Grey, Rob. de Morton 
 Simon de Leek, Will, de Wakebrugg 
 Kich.de Bingham, Thomas dcNevij (r) 
 Simon de Leek, -Robcrtus de Morton 
 Simon de Leek,-* Robcrtus de Morton. 
 Simon de Leek, -Robcrtus dc Morion. 
 Simon dc Leek,-Sampron de Strelley 
 Robcrtus de Morton, -Will, dc Strelley 
 •Rogerus Bclc-r, -'Robcrtus dc Moiton 
 Rogcrus Belcr 
 
 Simon de Leek, ---Richardus de Grey 
 Simon de Leek,- Joh. de Gatcford (s) 
 S. de Leek,-Chivaler. Joh. de Birtoii 
 Joh. Aunefley,— Joh. de Beckyngham 
 
 S. de Leek, Chivaltr. J. tie Anncfley 
 J. dc Anndley Miles, W.de Nevil M. 
 J. de Anneftcy M. J. de Beckyngham 
 Johannes de Anneftey, Joh. Parker (t) 
 Samp, dc Strelley Miles, R. de Morto.r 
 Joh. de Gaytfurd, --Robcrtus Balely 
 Simon de Leek, (v) T. de Bampfton M. 
 Samp, dc Strelley, Tho. dcRempllon M 
 Simon de Leek, Miles. Joh. dc Burton 
 S. de Strelley, M, Joh, de Berton (u) 
 Bert, de Bolynbrok, Tho, de Annelley 
 Rob, de Balely, 1 ho. de Anntdcy 
 Joh. dc Annelley, M. Ric. de Bcvercote 
 J. de Anneftey, Miles. Joh. de Birton 
 Joh. de Anneftey, Joh.dcLcck, Milites 
 Joh. de Leek, Juh. de .Anneftey, Milites 
 Joh. de Anneftey, Rob. de Cokfield, M. 
 Joh. de Leek, Johannes deGaytford 
 Joh. de Burton, Miles, HugoCrefiy 
 Rob. Cokeficid, Miles, Tho. Hercy, M. 
 •Tho.Rcmpfton,M. •Joh.Gaytford,M 
 *Will. Ncvil, Miles, Nic. de Strelley 
 Tho. de Rempfton, Miles, Nic. Burden 
 Tht). de Rempfton, Miles, HugoCrefty 
 Tho. de Rempfton, M. Rob. de Morton 
 Joh. Gaytlord, Willielmus de Leek 
 Joh. de Btirton, Miles, Joh. ICnyveton 
 Rich. Stanhop, Miles, Joh. Clifton, M. 
 Ric. Stanhop, Miles, Simon de Leek 
 •Tho. Chaworth, M. *Ric. Stanhop,M. 
 
 \N ill. .Soliere, Thomas Moorwood. 
 Will, dc Waggbrug, Tho. Moorwood. 
 Rogerus de Hoppewell, Hen. Ward. 
 Hugo Spicer, Willielmus Prior. 
 Hugo Spiccr, Rogcrus Hoppewell. 
 
 Hugo Spicer, Hcnricus Chamberlain. 
 Thomas de Morewode, Petrus Mafon. 
 Rogerus de Hulme, Hen. Bradmcre. 
 Rogerus dc Holm. 
 Joh.inncs Cropftiull, (w) Joh. Bond. 
 
 Robcrtus German, Willielmus Copper. 
 Robcrtus Germayn, Will. Capper. 
 
 Robertus Germayne, Tho. de Bothale. 
 Hcniicus Cook, Robertus Germayne. 
 
 Tho. Bochale, (x) Joh, de Tammefley. 
 
 Richardtis Milford, Robcrtus Germain. 
 Johannes Crawftiawe, Will. Hunfton. 
 Will Bottiler, Robertus dcHenden. 
 
 Thomas Meverlcy, Williclmus Botiler. 
 Willielmus Botiler, Robcrtus Gerney. 
 
 Thomas Mapurley, WillielmusBottiler. 
 Willielmus Bottiler, Nicholas Allcftre. 
 
 Rob. Germaine, Thomas Mapperley. 
 Rob. Germaine, Thomas Mapperley. 
 
 Johannes de Plumptre, Joh. Tauntfley. 
 
 ltd m at alfoanother the nth ofEdward III. I3J7. b B. Willis's Lift Conf. c B, Ws Lift Conf d B, W's Lift is Jovce c B, W's Lift Riehardus 
 
 1 B, W's Lift, Michael Bemack. m B. W's Lift, Juliannes de Wadefwurth, n B. W's Lift Richardus Ore/ de Landeford, a B, W's Lift names Byngham 
 
 B W's Lift Gaytlord. t B. W's Lift, WiUiolraua Parker, v B. W. ss'ith much more pnjbability Thomas de Rcmiiftun. u B. W'j Ltft Jchannes de Burton. 
 
 (y) Walterus Starcy, Thomas Fox. 
 
 9 Hen 
 
 Ic Strelley. f B. V/'s Lift William dcEland,— f B. W. Johannes 
 111. p B. W, Richardus Grey dc L.indclord. 4 Senior. t] B, 
 w B, W'S Lift Croftull. X Lift Thomas Bolhaie. y Walterus 
 
 ./^
 
 Reign. 
 
 IFhere K>vghts of the Shire. 
 
 Bi'Sgcffcs fcr the Tc-wn. 
 
 8 Edw. 
 
 9 Edw. 
 9 Edw. 
 
 Will. Soliere, Thomas Moorv.ood. 
 Will, de Waggbrug, Tho. Moorwood. 
 Rogerus de Hoppewcll, Hen. Ward. 
 Hugo Spicer, Willielmus Prior. 
 Hugo Spicer, Rogerus Hoppcwell, 
 
 Hugo Spicer, Henricus Chamberlain. 
 Thomas de Morewode, Perrus Mafon. 
 Rogerus de Hulme, Hen. Bradmerc. 
 Rogerus de Holm. 
 Johannes CropQuili, (w) Joh. Bond. 
 
 Robertus German, Willielmus Copper. 
 Robertus Germayn, Will, Capper. 
 
 Robertus Germayne, Tho. de Bothale. 
 Henricus Cook, Robertus Germayne. 
 
 (a) 4 Edw. Ill p ap Wedus de Grey, Rob. de Morton 
 *4. Edw. Ill p ap VViiAt de Leek, Will, de Wakebrugg 
 4 Edw. Ill p ap Weftntie Bingham, Thomas deNevii (r) 
 *5 Edw. HI p ap Weftr de Leek, -Robertus de Morton 
 
 6 Edw. Ill p ap Wefln-de Lcck,-*Robertus de Morton. 
 »6 Edw. Ill p ap Welti de Leck,-Robertus dc Morton. 
 (5 Edw. Ill p ap Ebor. dc Leek,-Sampfon de Strelley 
 
 7 Edw. Ill p ap Weftmus de Morton,-Will. de Strelley 
 
 8 Edw. Ill p ap WeRmrus Bekr,-^Robertu£ de Moiton 
 III p ap Ebor. js Beler 
 
 III p ap Weftm de Leek,--Richardus de Grey 
 III p ap Ebor. de Leek,- Joh. de Gateford (s) 
 
 10 Edw. Ill p ap Wcft.eek,-Chiv'aler. Joh. de Birton 
 
 Edw. Ill p ap Wefti unefley,--Joh. de Becky nghani 
 
 1 1 Edw. Ill Counc.W( 
 
 1 Edw. Ill p ap Wefbaeek, Chivaler. J. de Annefley 
 
 1 Edw. Ill p ap V/eftr.nnt-aey Miles, W.de Nevil M. 
 
 2 Edw. Ill p ap Ebor..nnefley M. J. deBeckyngham 
 2 Edw. Ill p ap Wertr.es de Annefley, Joh. Parker (t) 
 
 2 Edw. Ill Conf ap Nde Strelley Miles, R. de Morton 
 
 13 Edw. Ill p ap Weft Gayttbrd,-Robertus Bafely 
 
 3 Edw. Ill p ap Weftrde Leek, (v) T. de Bampfton M. 
 
 4 Edw. Ill p ap Weftrde Strelley, Tho.deRempIlon M 
 
 4 Edw. Ill p ap Weftrde Leek, Miles. Joh. de Burton 
 
 14 Edw. Ill p ap Weftrelley, M. Joh. de Berton (u) 
 
 5 Edw. Ill p ap Wefti; Bolynbrok, Tho. de Annefley 
 
 7 Edw. Ill p ap Weftr; Bafely, ! ho. de Annefley 
 
 8 Edw. Ill p ap WeftD Annefley, M. Ric. de Bcvercote 
 
 20 Edw. Ill p ap Weftr nnefley. Miles. Joh. de Birton 
 
 21 Edw. Ill p ap Weft, Annefley, Joh.deLeek, Milites 
 
 22 Edw. Ill p ap Weft] Leek, Joh. de Annefley, Milites 
 *22 Edw. Ill p ap Weft Annefley, Rob. deCokfidd, M. 
 
 24 Edw. HI p ap Wefti Leek, Johannes deGaycford 
 
 25 Edw. Ill p ap Weft' Burton, Miles, HugoCrefly 
 
 26 Edw. Ill p ap Weftiokefield, Miles, Tho. Hercy, M. 
 16 Edw. Ill (b) p ap Vlempfton,M, *Joh.Gayttord,M 
 
 27 Edw. Ill (c) p ap Weevil, Miles, Nic. de Strelley 
 
 28 Edw. Ill p ap W^eftr; Rempfton, Miles, Nic. Burden 
 
 29 Edw. Ill p ap Weftr; Rempfton, Miles, HugoCrefly 
 3 1 Edw. Ill p ap Weftfe Rempfton, M. Rob. de Morton 
 
 31 Edw III p ap Weftnaytford, Willielmus de Leek 
 
 32 Edw. Ill p ap Weftt Burton, Miles, Joh. Knyveton 
 
 33 Edw. Ill p ap Weftrtanhop, Miles, Joh. Clifton, M. 
 
 34 Edw. Ill p ap Weftianhop, Miles, Simon de Leek 
 34 Edw. Ill p ap WeftiChaworth, M. *Ric.Stanhop,M. (y) Walterus Starcy, Thomas Fox. 
 
 Hen 
 
 a All otir Hiftciians agree il at a F?,^ lkj j^ jg^^p ^ g ^V's Lift Richardus cle Strelley. f B. V/'s Lift William deEbnd.— f B. W. Johannes 
 deOxcnfoKl. g B. W s Lift \Eijnjjgford. o K. W's Lift names Byngham laft. p B. W. Richardus Giey de Landeford. + Senior. q B. 
 Ws Lift plare. AunOy and i^elcHon, u B. W's Lift Ichannes de Burton, w B. W's Lift Croftull. x Lift Thomjs Bothale. y WaltciU! 
 Stacy idcni. 
 
 Tho. Bochale, (x) Joh. de Tammefley. 
 
 Richardus Milford, Robertus Germain. 
 Johannes Crawfhawe, Will. Hunfton. 
 Will Bottiler, Robertus de Henden. 
 
 Thomas Meverley, Willielmus Botiler. 
 Willielmus Botiler, Robertus Gerney. 
 
 Thomas Mapurley, WillielmusBottiler. 
 Willielmus Bottiler, Nicholas Alleftre. 
 
 Rob. Germaine, Thomas Mapperley. 
 Rob. Germaine, Thomas Mapperley. 
 
 Johannes de Flumptre, Joh. Tauntfley.
 
 Reign. 
 
 Knights of the Shire. 
 
 Burgijfes for the Town. 
 
 9 Hen. ^on, Efq. William Meryng, Efq. j John Mapully, John Clerk. 
 
 12 Hen. 
 
 I Hen. 4irns, from the 1 7th of Edward IV, to the ift of Edward VI, are all Joft 
 
 1 Hen. ijd of Henry VIII, which wants for the County but thofe for the Town 
 
 2 Hen. / Robert Lovat, Richard Hafyligg. 
 
 2 Hen. 1 
 
 3 Hen. ; ihope, Kt. John Markham, Kt. 
 
 5 Hen. ; defunt. 
 
 7 Hen. ^ Kt. John Hollis, Kt. 
 
 8 Hen. ole,Kt. ElizeusMarkham,Efq. 
 
 8 Hen. i^, Efq. ElizeusMarkham,Efq. 
 
 9 Hen. fialley, Efq. Ant. Forfter, Efq. 
 
 1 Hen. fam,Kt. HughThornhill,Efq. 
 
 2 Hen. ( defunt. 
 
 3 Hen. ers, Efq. John MoUineux, Efq. 
 *4 Hen. im,Efq.EdvvardStanhop,Efq- 
 
 6 Hen. oint, Efq. Edw. Stanhop, Elq. 
 
 7 Hen. t rs, Kt. Robert Conftable, Kt. 
 *8 Hen. rs, Kt. Thomas Stanhop, Kt. 
 *9 Hen.:ham, Efq. Brian Lafcells,Eiq. 
 1 1 Hen. liih, Efq. Phil. Strelley, Efq. 
 13 Hen. defunt. 
 
 *i5 Henjfh, Kt. Robert Pierpont, Efq. 
 20 Hen. Kt. Percival Willoughby, Kt. 
 25 Hen. defunt. 
 
 25 Hen. on, kt. George Chaworth, kt. 
 
 27 Hen. t. & bart. Rob. Sutton, Efq. 
 
 28 Hen.rt. & bart. Hen. Stanhop, Eiq. 
 
 29 Hen.jp, Efq. Tho. Hutchinfon, kt. 
 ■*3 1 Heq kt. John Byron, kt. 
 
 33 Hen.infon, Efq. Rob. Sutton, Efq. 
 "*38 Heiinfon, kt. Rob. Sutton, Efq. 
 
 John Paftell, Nic. Powtrcll, Rec. 
 Robert Hafiliggc, Fran. Colman. 
 Hump. Qiiarnbye, Tho. Markham, 
 Hump. Quarnbye, Francis Colman. 
 Nic. Powtrel, Efq. Will, Markham. 
 Hugh Thornhill, Efq. J. Bateman. 
 Francis Colman, Ed. Bowne, gent. 
 
 defunt. 
 Humph. Qiiarnbye, gent. J. Bateman. 
 Ralph. Barton, Will. Ballc, gent. 
 Tho. Mannours, kt. Joh. Bateman, gt. 
 Ric. Parkyns, Efq. R. Bateman, gent. 
 Rob. Conftable, kt. R. Parkyns, Efq. 
 Geo. Mannors, Efq. R. Parkyns, Efq. 
 Hump. Bonner, gt. R. Parkyns, Efq. 
 H. Bonner, aid. Ank. Jackfon, aid. 
 Will. Gregory, gt. Will. Graycs, gt. 
 Ric. Hart, aid. Ank. Jackfon, aid. 
 
 defunt, 
 Mic. Purefoy Efq. John. Lafcclls,Efq, 
 J. Byron, Efq. Fran. Pieipont, Efq. 
 Rob. Greaves, gent. J. Martin, gent. 
 G. Clifton, kt. & bart. J. Byron, Efq. 
 C. Cavendifh, kt. IT. Peirpoint, Efq. 
 C. Cavendifh, kt. Gil. Boun, fer. 
 G. Millington, Efq, F. Peirpont. 
 
 50 Heil^^^'^ laft in this long Parliament. In the room of Francis Pierpoint 
 - - rhinfon, E^fq. and Gcr. Pigot, Efq came William Stanhope, Efq 
 he inteftine troubles and the fucceeding Ufurpation were: 
 
 at Oxford, January 22d, 1642-3, I find no members either for the 
 
 *7 Edw 
 12 Edw 
 
 The nex 
 in Pec 
 man ai 
 
 The Pari 
 «r Coi 
 
 lers for Nottingh.inifliire, viz. John Odingfells and Edward Cludd. but I find 
 of Nottingham, which makes me conjcfture that the juft-mcntioned Gende- 
 
 n. 27, 1659; I have not been able to find who were Members for the Town
 
 Reign. 
 
 mjirc held. 
 
 Knigbti of the Shire. 
 
 BurgeJJes for ihe Towh. 
 
 9 Hen. 4 p ap Glouc 
 
 1 2 Hen. 4 p ap Weftm 
 I Hen. 5 p ap Weftm 
 
 1 Hen. 5 p ap Weftm 
 
 2 Hen. 5 p ap Leic 
 
 2 Hen. 5 p ap Weftm 
 
 3 Hen. 5 p ap Weftm 
 
 5 Hen. 5 p ap Weftm 
 
 7 Hen. 5 p ap Glouc 
 £ Hen. 5 p ap Weftm 
 
 8 Hen. 5 p ap Weftm 
 g Hen. 5 p ap Weftm 
 
 1 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 
 2 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 
 3 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 *4 Hen. 6 ap Weftm 
 
 6 Hen. 6 p ap Leic 
 
 7 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 "8 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 *9 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 
 1 1 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 
 1 3 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 *I5 Hen. 6 p ap Cantab 
 20 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 25 Hen. 6 p ap Cantab 
 25 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 
 27 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 
 28 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 
 29 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 *3i Hen. 6 p ap Read 
 33 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 *38 Hen. 6 p ap Covenc 
 38 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 '39 Hen. 6 p ap Weftm 
 '7 Edw. 4 p ap Weftm 
 
 1 2 Edw. 4 p ap Weftm 
 
 Johannes Zouche, Miles. Hugo Hufley, Mil. 
 Willielmus Reginaydon, Thomas deScaunton. 
 Robertus Plimpton, Henricus de Sutton 
 Johannes Zouche, Miles. Tho. Rcmpfton, M. 
 Robertus Plumpton, Miles. Hen. de Sutton 
 Hugo Hufye, Radulphus Makerell 
 Tho.de Rempfton, Miles. Will.de Compton 
 Thomas Chaworth, Henr)' Ficrpoint 
 
 Johannes Zouche, Hugo Hofye 
 Thomas Chaworth, Radulphus Makerell 
 Richardus Stanhop, Henricus Pierpoint 
 Johannes Zouche, Richardus Stanhop 
 Thomas Chaworth, Henricus Pierpoint 
 Henricus Pierpoint, Willielmus Merings 
 Gervafius de Clyfton, Norman Babyngton 
 Hugo Willoughby, Radulphus Makerell 
 Richardus Stanhop, Johannes Berwys 
 Richardus Stanhop, Miles. Johannes Bowys 
 Rich. St.inhop, Miles. Norman Babyngton 
 
 Richardus Willoughby, Johannes Gower. (a) 
 Thomas Chaworth, Willielmus Plympton 
 Johannes Zouche, Wilhclmus Merings 
 Nicholas Fitz- Williams, Ric. Illingv/orch 
 
 Johannes Rons, Arniig. Ric. Eftlyngworth 
 Johannes Stanhop, Miles. Hen. Bofom, Miles 
 Johannes Waftnefle, Richardus Illingworlh 
 Robertus Clifton, Johannes Stanhop 
 Richardus Illingworrh, Johannes Waftnefte 
 Robertus Strel ley. Miles. Joh. Stanhop, Armig 
 
 Pvobertus Strclley, Miles. Johannes Stanhop 
 
 Defiml. 
 Henricus Pierpoint, Johannes Stanhop ; i! 
 H/re Ends Pnmii's •lilli. 
 
 Johannes Rothell, Johannes Jorne. 
 Thomas Mapperley, Johannes Hoddings. 
 Johannes Tanneftcy, Thomas Mapperley. 
 Robertus Glade, Johannes Tannefley. 
 
 Henricus Prefton, Walterus Stacy. 
 Johannes AUeftre, Johannes Binghr.m. 
 Henricus Prefton, Willielmus Burton. 
 Willielmus Sracy, Thomas Fox. 
 Thomas Page, Johannes Bingham. 
 
 Thomas Page, Richardus Samon. 
 Thomas Page, Johannes Alleftre. 
 Johannes Wilford, Thomas Page. 
 Johannes Alleftre, Johannes Wilford. 
 Willielmus Burton, WillielmusBradmere. 
 Thomas Pogg, Johannes Manchefter. 
 Johannes Manchefter, Johannes Etewell. 
 Johannes Manchefter, Johannes Etewell. 
 Johannes PUimptre, Joh. Manchefter. 
 Willielmus Halifaic, Galfridus Kneton. 
 Johannes Manchefter. Robertus Refyn. 
 Johannes Plumptre, Willielmus Halifax. 
 Thomas Aleftre, Thomas Thurland. 
 
 Thomas Babyngton, Robertus Refyn. 
 Thomas Thurland, Thomas Alleftre. 
 Thomas Thurland, Thomas Alleftre. 
 Thomas Thurland, Thomas Babington. 
 Richardus Delwood, Johannes Squyer. 
 
 Robertus Stable, Johannes Serjeant. 
 iThomas Nevil, Johannes Hunt. 
 
 Reign. 
 
 fyhere held. 
 
 Knights ef the Shire. 
 
 Burgejfesfor the Tcidji. 
 
 •i; Edw. 4 pap Weftm. | John Byron, Efq. William Meryng, Efq. | John Mapully, John Clerk. 
 
 N. B. The Writs, Indentures and Returns, from the 1 7th of Edward IV, to the ift of Edward VI, are all loft 
 except an imperfeft bundle of the 33d of Henry VIII, which v;ants for the County but thole for the Town 
 are, Robert Lovac, Richard Hafyligg. 
 
 a B W's'Lift, B-wo 
 
 r Edw. 6 p at Weftm 
 6 Edw. 6 pat Weftm 
 
 1 Mary i p at Weftm 
 
 2 Mary 1 p at Oxford 
 1&2 P.&M.patWeft 
 2&3P.&M.patWeft 
 4&5P.&M.patWeft 
 I Eliz. p at Weftm 
 5Eliz. p at Weftm 
 
 13 Eliz. pat Weftm 
 
 1 4 Eliz. p at Weftm 
 27 Eliz. p at Weftm 
 jS Eliz. p at Weftm 
 31 Eliz. p at Weftm 
 35 Eliz. p at Weftm 
 ^^ Eliz. p at Weftm 
 43 Eliz. p at Weftm 
 
 1 James 1 p at Weftm 
 
 1 2 James 1 p at Weftm 
 18 James i p at Weftm 
 
 2 r James 1 p at Weftm 
 1 Charles i p at Weftm 
 I Charles i p at Weftm 
 
 3 Charles 1 p at Weftm 
 
 15 Charles 1 p at Weft 
 
 16 Charles i p at Weft 
 
 Michael Stanhope, Kt. John Markham, Kt. 
 
 defiint. 
 John Hercy,Kt. John Hollis, Kt. 
 JohnConftable.Kt. ElizeusMarkham,Efq. 
 Ric. Whalley, Efq. Elizeus Markham, Efq. 
 Richard Whalley, Efq. Ant. Forfter, Efq. 
 John Markham, Kt. Hugh Thornhill,Efq. 
 
 dcfunt. 
 John Manners, Efq. John Mollineux, Efq. 
 Rob, Markham, Efq. EdwardStanhop.Efq. 
 Henry Pierpoint, Efq. Edw. Stanhop, Elq. 
 Tho. Manners, Kt. Robert Conftable, Kt. 
 Tho. Manners, Kt. Thomas Stanhop, Kt. 
 Robert Maikhara, Efq.BrianLafcells.Elq. 
 Cha. Cavcndilh, Efq. Phil. Strelley, Efq. 
 
 defunt. 
 Oha. Cavendllh, Kt. Robert Pierpont, Efq. 
 John Holies, Kt. Percival Willoughby, Kt. 
 
 dffutit. 
 Gervafe Clifton, kt. George Chaworth, kt. 
 G. Clifton, kt. & hart. Rob. Sutton, Efq. 
 C5. Clifton, kt. & bart. Hen. Stanhop, Elq. 
 Hen. Stanhop, Efq, Tho. Hutchinlon, kt. 
 Ger. Clifton, kt. John Byron, kt. 
 
 ifon, Efq. Rob. Sutton, Efq. 
 
 John Paftell, Nic. Powtrcll, Rec. 
 Robert Hafiligge, Fran. Colman. 
 Hump. Quarnbye, Tho. Markham. 
 Hump. Quarnbye, Francis Colman. 
 Nic. Powtrel, Efq. Will. Markham. 
 Hugh Thornhill, Efq. J. Bateman. 
 Francis Colman, Ed. Bowne, gent. 
 
 de/itnt. 
 Humph. Qiiarnbye, gent. J. Bateman. 
 Ralph. Barton, Will, B.ille, gent. 
 Tho. Mannours, kt, Joh, Bateman, gt. 
 Ric. Paikyns, Efq. R. Bateman, gent. 
 Rob, Conftable, kt. R. Parkyns, Efq. 
 Geo. Mannors, Efq. R. Parkyns, Efq. 
 Hump. Bonner, gt. R. Parkyns, Efq. 
 H. Bonner, aid. Ank. Jackfon, aid. 
 Will. Gregory, gt. Will. Graycs, gc. 
 Ric. Hart, aid, Ank, Jackfon, aid. 
 
 dt/mt. 
 Mic. Purefoy Efq. John. Lafcells,Erq. 
 J, Byrnn, Efq, Fran. Picipont, Efq. 
 Rob. Greaves, gent. J. Martin, gent. 
 G. Clifton, kt, & b.irt, J. Byron, Efq. 
 C. Cavcndilh, kt. H. Pcirpoint, Efq, 
 C. C.lvendilh, kt, Gil, Boun, fer. 
 G. Millington, Elq, F. Peirpont. 
 
 Tho. Hutchini . 
 
 Tho. Hutchinfun, kt. Rob. Sutton, Efq, 
 
 In the room of thefe laft in this long Parliament. In the room of Francis Pierpoint 
 came John Hutchinfon, Efq. and Ger. Pigot, Efq came William Stanhope, Efq. 
 The Parliaments which did fit durmg the intcftine troubles and the fucceeding Ufurpation were: 
 
 That which king Charles called to meet at Oxford, January 22d, 1642-3, I 6nd no members cither for the 
 Town or County of Nottingham. 
 
 2 but of 139 Members ; it mot July +th 1653, and w.ts diUblvcd Dec. 12, the fame year __. . ^ 
 in Peck's dcfidcriat. curiafa lib. 5, p. 25, th;it CJervas Pigot, Efq. was required by Writ (Vom Genera! Cromwell, to appear the +th of July 1653, as Member for the County ot Nottinj 
 
 The next was Barcboncs Parliament, coiifiilii 
 
 Heath fays there were but two Members for Nottingb.imfl.irc, viz. John Odingfells and Edward Cludd. b.it I find 
 July 1653, as Member for the County of Nottingiiam, whieh makes me conjcflure that the juft-mcntioned Gentle- 
 man and John Otl.nefclls, were fiimmoncd for the County, ari'l tlrat only one, viz. Edward Cludd, of SomhwL-1), was for the Town of Nottingham. c j 1 tit », f », X 
 The Parliament which''Olircr Cromwell called after he was made Proteflor, met September 3, 1654, it was by him diffolvcd in 1657. Richard Cromwell's Parliament fat Jan. 27, 16591 I have not been able to hnd who wereivicnitiers tor me loWB 
 or County of Nottingham in either of thefe two laft, 2- 
 
 r
 
 ritr. 
 
 Kmghls of the Shirt. 
 
 I'ear. 
 
 Bkrgtjfisfer the TrjiH, 
 
 90 
 
 1660 
 1661 
 
 1678 
 
 J679 
 
 >68o- 
 
 1685 
 
 1689- 
 
 1690 
 
 1695 
 
 1698 
 
 1700 
 1701 
 1702 
 
 »7°5 
 
 1708 
 1710 
 
 1713 
 
 »7'4-"5 
 
 J722 
 
 1727 
 
 J734 
 1741 
 
 '747 
 
 William Picrepont. Gilbert lord Houghton, | j66o 
 
 Sir John Clifton, John Eyres, tfq. 1661 
 
 Sir Scroop How, let. Sir Francis Leek, kt. & bart. 
 
 Sir Scroop How, kt. John White, Elci. 1678 
 
 The fame. 1679 
 
 The fame. i63o-i 
 
 Sir William Clifton, bart. Reafon Mellilli, Efq. 1685 
 
 John lord Houghton, maJe a pter, and fiuceedid hy 1689-90 
 
 John While, Sir Scropp How, kt. 
 
 Sir Scroop Howe, kt. William Sacheverel, <i'i;J. 1690 
 
 John White, Efq. 
 
 Sir Scroop How, kt. John White, Efq. 1695 
 
 Sir Thomas Willoughby, bart. Gervas Eyre, Efq. 1 6c,S 
 
 The fame. 1 700 
 
 Sir Tho. Willoughby, bart. Sir F. Molhneux, bart. i 701 
 
 Sirf ran. Molineux, bart. Ger. Eyre, Efq. inho dying 1 70^ 
 John Thornhagh, tlq. 
 
 SirTho. Willougby.b.ijt. John Thornhagh, Efq. 1705 
 
 Sir Fran. V>'illoughhy, ban. John Thornhagh, Efq. 
 
 The right hon. Scroop lord vile. Hjw. 
 
 William Lcvinz, Ef]. 
 
 The hon. Francis Willoughby, Efq. 1713 
 
 William Lcvinz, Efq. 
 
 The hon. Fiiincis Willoughby, Efq. 1714-15 
 
 William Levinz, E.lq. 
 
 The right hon. Scroop lord vile. How. 1722 
 
 Sir Robert Sutton, knight of the bath. ■ 
 
 The right hon. Scroop lord vifc. How. Office. 1727 
 
 William Lcvinz, Efq. T"lwjnias fJennct, Elq. 
 
 Tho. Beniiet, Kfq.t/ca^, William Levinz, Elq. jun. 173 + 
 
 7 he honourable John Mordaunt, Efq. 
 
 William Levinz, Efq. The hon. J. Mordaunt, Efq. 1 741 
 
 The right honourable lord Robert Sutton, 1 1747 
 
 John '1 hornhagh, Kl'p. 1 
 
 Arthur Stanhope, Robert Pierpont. 
 The fame. 
 
 Robert Pierpont, Efq. Richard Slater, Efq. 
 
 1 he fame. 
 
 The fame. 
 
 John Beaumont, Efq. Sir William Stanhope, kt. 
 
 Hon. Francis Pierepont, Edward Bigland, jerj.-at' 
 
 law. 
 Charles Hutchinfon, Efq. Richard Slater, Efq. 
 
 Charles Hutchinfon, Efq. Richard Slater, Efq. 
 Mr. Hutchinfon dying, William Picrepont. 
 William Pierepont, Efq. Richard Slater, Efq. ttiio 
 
 dying Robert Sacheverel, Efq. 
 William i^ierepont, Efq Robert Sacheverel, Efq. 
 William Picrepont, Efq. Robert Sacheverel, Efq. 
 William l^ierepont, Elq. George Gregory, Efq. 
 
 Robert Sacheverel, efq. Will. Pierepont, efq. dead, 
 
 John Plumptre, efq. 
 I 70S John Plumptre, efq. Robie Sherwin, efq. 
 
 1710 John Plumptre, efq. Robert Sacheverel. 
 
 Robert Sacheverel, efq. Borlace Warren, efq. 
 
 John Plumptie, efq. got an oflice and re-choftn. 
 
 George Gregory, elq. 
 
 John Plumpirt, efq. George Gregory, efq. 
 
 Borlace Warren, efq. The hon. John Stanhope, efq. 
 
 John Plumptre, efq. Borlace Warren, efq. 
 
 Dorlrce Warren, efq. dying. 
 
 Sir Charles Scdley, bait. John Plumptre, efq. ^ 
 
 Sir Char les Scdley , bart. 
 
 The right hon. Georee lord vifc. How. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Knights of the Shire. 
 
 rear. 
 
 Burgeffes fcr the ^c-x'n. 
 
 1754 The Rt. Hon. Lord Robert Sutton. 
 
 John Thornhagh, Efq. 
 1 76 1, The fame. 
 
 But Lord Robert Sutton dying November 
 20, 1762, the Hon. Thomas Willough- 
 by was elected the 13th of December fol- 
 lowing. 
 1768 John Thornhagh, Efq. 
 
 The Hon. Thomas Willoughby. 
 1 774 Heni'y Earl of Lincoln. 
 
 The Hon. I'homas Willoughby. 
 But the Hon. Thomas Willoughby fucceed- 
 ing to the Title of Lord Middlcton, De- 
 cember 16th, following Lord Edward 
 Bentick, was elected January 11, i77t, 
 And the Earl of Lincoln dying in France, 
 in October, 1778, the Hon. Charles Me- 
 dows was chofen 9th of December follow- 
 ing. 
 1780 Lord Edward Beniinck. 
 
 1 he Hon. Charles Medows. 
 t 7S4 The fame. 
 1790 'The fame. 
 
 1754 The Rt. Hon. George Lord Vifcount Howe. 
 
 Sir Willoughby A Hon, Bart. 
 
 The Lord Howe dying in America, in July 
 
 1758, the Hon. Colonel William Hows 
 
 was eledted the ift of December following. 
 
 1761 The Hon. Colonel VViUiam Howe. 
 
 John Plumptre, Efq. 
 1768 The Hon. Colonel Wdliam Howe. 
 
 John Plumptre, Efq. 
 1774 Sir Charles Sedley. Bart. 
 1 he Hon. General Howe. 
 But Sir Charles Sedley dying Auguft 25, 
 
 177S. 
 Abel Smith, jun. Efq. was eUfted the qth 
 of Oi^ober following, who alio dying the 
 26th of January 1 7 79, his Brother Robert 
 Smith, Efq. was cholen the 9th of Feb. 
 following. 
 1 780 Robert Smith, Efq. 
 
 Daniel Parker Colie, Efq. 
 1784 I he fame. 
 I 7go 1 he fame. 
 
 ^
 
 R(i 
 
 (a) 
 
 * c 
 
 '5 
 6E 
 »6 
 fiE 
 
 7E 
 8E 
 
 8E 
 
 9E 
 
 *ir. 
 
 10 
 
 »il 
 
 1 1 
 
 1 1 
 
 J2 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 *i: 
 
 13 
 14 
 14 
 
 »5 
 
 on. Lord Robert Sutton. 
 nhagh, Efq. 
 
 Robert Sutton dying November 
 ', the Hon. Thomas Willough- 
 leded the i3thot December tol- 
 
 nhagh, Elq. 
 Thomas Willoughby. 
 1 of Lincoln. 
 Thomas WiUougliby. 
 m. Thomas Willoughby fucceed- 
 le Title of Lord Middleton, De- 
 i6th, following Lord Edward 
 , was eleifled January 11, 1775, 
 Earl of Lincoln dying in France, 
 )er, 1778, the Hon. Charles Mc- 
 ;s chofen 9th of December foUow- 
 
 ard Bentinck. 
 Charles Medows, 
 
 Tear. 
 
 Burgejfcs fcr the Tczva. 
 
 1754 
 
 1761 
 
 1768 
 
 The Rt. Hon. George Lord Vifcount Howe. 
 Sir Willoughby Afton, Bart. 
 The Lord Howe dying in America, in July 
 1758, the Hon. Colonel William Howe 
 was elefted the ifl: of December following. 
 The Hon. Colonel William Howe. 
 John Plumptre, Efq. 
 The Hon. Colonel William Howe. 
 John Plumptre, Efq. 
 1774 Sir Charles Sedley. Bart. 
 1 he Hon. General Howe. 
 But Sir Charles Sedley dying Auguft 25, 
 
 '778- . 
 Abel Smith, jun. Efq. was ekfted the qth 
 
 of Oiftober following, who alfo dying the 
 
 26th of January 1779, '^'^ Brother Robert 
 
 Smith, Efq. was cholen the 9th of Feb. 
 
 following. 
 
 1 780 Robert Smith, Efq. 
 
 Daniel Parker Coke, Efq. 
 
 1 78+ 'J "he fame. 
 
 I 790 The fame. 
 
 18 
 20 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 *z: 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 26 
 26 
 
 27 
 28 
 29 
 
 31 
 31 
 
 32 
 33 
 34 
 3 +
 
 [ 73 1 
 
 SECTION IV. 
 
 Religious HoiifeSj Churches^ and Hofpitals. 
 
 W. 
 
 E arc now arrived at that portion of our Hiftory which from man claimg 
 particular attention. As beings of a fuperior order in the creation, and being highly in- 
 tereftedin the revealed truths of our religion, it is our duty, as profeiTors of chriftianity, 
 to trace its progrefs, to view its effecfts, and confole ourfelves in its eternal promifes. 
 
 The county of Nottingham affords a fine field for contemplation. In the Notitia. 
 Monajiica are noticed ic, religious foundations of no inferior note, many of them of a 
 fuperior order, among which we may enumerate Laiton, Newjlead, Ruffvrd, Sbelfcrd, 
 Ihurgarton, Southwell, Felly, Welbeck, and JVirkefoppe. Altho' in Nottingham town the 
 foundations of this lort be of a clafs inferior to thofe mentioned above ; yet they do honor 
 to the memory of thofe who, from difpofuions tiuly pious, ereded and endowed them. 
 In fuch pious foundations, generally, an ample provifion was made for the fouls as 
 well as the bodies of the poor and humble in fpirit. 
 
 Let the proud revilers of the prefent day, who boaft of their enlightened underftandins^s, 
 at the expence of their good and charitable fore -fathers, feoff at and deride fucJi eftablifli- 
 ments as inftitutions unworthy modern philofophy, or modem reafoning. Let fuch feif 
 exalted chara6ters rail againft monks and monkifh inllirutions j againfl rchgion, and 
 even impioufly againfl its great author; while the religious votary and the charitable, 
 which, thank God, are to be found in thefe our days of defcftion from the Gofpci and its 
 mod holy truths, beliold the religious ruin, the folitary hermitage and the cell ; the 
 toinbs of religious warriors, the holy fanftuaries, the uplifted handsof figures on monu- 
 ment and on braflcs therein, widi folemnity and a pleafing gratification. They, amid 
 the din of war, amid the clafliing of difcordant pafTions, will find confolation in retire- 
 ment, in the folitary village church, where the pious in former times trod with reveren- 
 tial awe, and where they now reft, entombed in peace. Here we may learn lefTons that 
 may adorn human nature with the pleafing coverings of humility and rcfignation. Here 
 we lee, as in a glafs, not faindy, a true pidure of our nature by contemplatino- on 
 graves, vaults, and epitaphs. In fine, here man may be himfclf, and prepare for his 
 awful exit. 
 
 " Oh ! dealh how fhocking muft the fummons be 
 To him who is ateafc inhii poUeflions, 
 \\'ho counting on long years of p'calure here. 
 Is quite unfurnifh'd tor ihcuorld to come. 
 In that dread moment how tire fiantic foul 
 Raves round the walls of her clay tenement, 
 Runs to each avenue and flirlrks for help, 
 But flrricks in vain ! How wifhl'ully flie looks, 
 
 Oil 
 I 2
 
 y . THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AKD COUNTY [sECT. IV.] 
 
 On all fTic's leaving — nowno longer lier's! 
 A little longei-. — vet a lilllc (pace! 
 Oh ! might ftic (lay lo wafli away htr (lains, 
 And &t her fur her paifage! ' 
 
 Some rocky cavities about Nottingham, as has been noticed in the nnl feftion, have 
 been confidcrcd as druidical, or abodes for fome of the earlieit followers of the chriftian 
 relio-ion; but of opinions merely conjeftural we will fay no more, but pafs to tliofe re- 
 li:^ious foundanons, in this place, of which we have indifputable proofs. And as it has 
 been my general pradice, heretofore, to preface the different heads of this hiftory with 
 what Thorotom has written on each fubjeft, I will alfo in this inftance do the fame. 
 
 " TherK was a Chapel dedicated to St. James, wherein the Court of the Honour of 
 " Peverell, as it leems, ufed to be kept, but King Edward the fecond, in the ninth 
 " year of his Reign, difcharged it from that burden, by his charter to the Friers Car- 
 " meliies. There is a Lane m Nottingham called St. James's Lane at this day, where- 
 " abouts that Chapel ftood." 
 
 « This Houfe of Friers Carmelites, called the White Friers (whofe fcite is betwixt St. 
 « James's Lane and Frier Lane, and denominates that Row of building towards the 
 " Market place to be the Frier Row) was, as I conceive, fome Religious Houfe of 
 " Monks before Henry the lecond's time, for in the firft year ofHcNRY the fecond, 
 " [rather 5 Steph.] there is mentioned Monachi de Nottingham, which muft either be 
 " the Monks of Lenton, or fome Religious perfons here, who after became Friers Car- 
 " melites, whofe Order was inftituted Jnno Dcm. 1161, which fell to be about 7 H. 2. 
 " They are called Carmiclites, a Monte Carmel, the place where Elias lived, and they 
 «' pretend to imitate the ftriftnefs of Elias his life." 
 
 " The Scituation of this Town, with the Streets, Lanes, and remarkable places, is 
 " mod aptly defcribed by John Speed's Map, to whom I refer thofe that defire more 
 " exaftly to know it." 
 
 " Befides the Friers Carmelites, before obferved, there was in Nottingham, near the 
 " Leene, in a place called the Broad Marfli, an Houfe of Friers Minors, odierwife 
 «< called Gray P>iers, that were profeffed to live after the Rule of St. Francis." 
 
 " There were thiee Rules ot this St. Francis, two of the Minors, and the third of 
 " the Capuchins that pretend they imitated their St. Francis in his ftrifteft way. The 
 " two Minors do not differ in Rule, nor otherwife, fave that upon a Garboyle amongfi: 
 " them, fome of them would needs have a Difpenfation to take Lands and PolTelTions, 
 " as Abbies, and other Priories had, and the relt would not; whereupon thole that 
 " took Difpenfations were called Fratres Gaudentia ; and thofe that would not, had the 
 *« n2im& oi Fratres Ohjervantia." 
 
 " There was befides an Hofpital Founded by John Plumtre about Edward the 
 " third's time, confiding of two Priefts and divers poor men, and the Scite of it is near 
 " the Bridge oi Nottingham called Towne Bridge, or the Leene Bridge, which is to be 
 •* repaired at the charge of the Town and the whole Country, for in the Eyre Rolls of 
 " 3 E. 3. called Ragman, there is this prefentment. Pons de Nott, vocat. Tunebridge in 
 " defefi. viUc: & totius Cotnitatus." 
 
 " There was alfo an Houfe called St. John's on the North fide of the Town, parcel 
 
 of the PoffeiTions of St, John's 0^ Hieru/akm, who were Knights of a Religious Order 
 
 vowing 
 
 c<
 
 [sect. IV.] OF THE TOWtf OF NOTTINCHAM. 7j; 
 
 " vowing Chaftity, and mod of their younger time living in Wars againft the Turks and 
 *' Saracens, before the ^urks grew great." 
 
 " There was alfo in the Church of St. Mary a Guild or Fraternity ct fix Priefls, 
 " dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and their Houfe in the high Pavement is called 
 " Trinity Houfe at diis day. There was in the fame Church the Chantry of St. Majy, 
 " the Chantry of St. James, and Amyas Chantry, v/ho was a man of value in this Town, 
 " about Edward the third's time, his Houfe was on the long Row, and from him called 
 " Amyas Place, from whom it came to AUeftree, a Merchant of the Staple, and is 
 " now the Inheritance of Henry Sherwin." 
 
 " There was in St, Peter's Church the Gild of St. George, and the Chantry of St. 
 " Mary in Sr. Peter's Church, and another Chantry there, and in the Church of St. 
 " Nicholas there was the Gild or Fraternity of the blefled Virgin Mary." 
 
 " Befides thefe Seated in the Town, Thefe Religious Houfes had Land and Houfes 
 " in Nottingham. The Redtory of St. Mary's was appropriated to the Priory o( Lent on, 
 " the Monafteries of Rufford, Newjiede, IVirkefoppe, Ihurgarton, Bevall, and Shelford, 
 " in the County of Nottingham : Swin/head, and Seinpringham, in Lincolneflnre : King's 
 " Mede, Dale, and Darley, m Darbyfhire : and Gerrozvden Mona^cry in LeyccJIer/bire." 
 
 Deering notices moll: of the places, but with little additional information j butfpeak- 
 ing of a monadic life he fays : 
 
 " Dr Thoroton takes notice, that in the 5th of King Stephen, mention is made of 
 the Monks of Nottingham, this was before any particular denomination of Regulars were 
 in this town, elfe they would have been called by the peculiar Name of their profellion, 
 but what puts it out of all doubt is, that the Francilcans, of which the Minors are a 
 branch, did not come into Z:;;^/^«i^ till 1220, and the Carmelites not till 1240, whereas 
 the 5th of King Stephen is fo early as mo, it will therefore I hope not be ungrateful to 
 many of my readers if I here briefly touch upon the origin of a monafticlife." 
 
 "■ In the lirfl: centuries of chriftianity during the fevere perfecutions the Chridians en- 
 dured, feveral of them to avoid a cruel death, and the better to give themfclves up to 
 fading, prayer and concempladon, retired by themfelves into defart places ; fuch were 
 called Hermits." Hence Deering fiiews, what is pretty generally known, that the 
 words Hermit and Monk are derived from the greek language, and that the fiilt folitary 
 exiles from the community of their fellow creatures, who bare thofe names, lived in 
 unfrequented places, deditute of many of the ordinary conveniences of life. He next 
 enum.erates fomc of the Hrd pious chridians v/ho preferred iblitude to an intercourfe 
 with the world. 
 
 " The fird of thefe we read of, was Paul of T7viJ^h about the year of Chrid 260, who 
 bavinglod both his parents in the perfecution of Decius, and fearing to be betrayed by 
 hisfider's hudiand, betook himfelf to a cave at the foot of a rod- y hill at the age of 15, 
 where he concinned till his death, at i ij years old," 
 
 " The next I meet with is Antoninus, wiio fet up this fort of life in Egypt." 
 " Then Hillirion in Palefiina and in Syria Paul fir-named the Siinple-Ammon." 
 «' Afcrr ihe perfecutions of the Chridians were <.ver and the church enjoyed peace, 
 thefe Hermits by degrees returned to tov.ns and cities, and adnciating together they 
 lived in houfes called monadcries, and confined themfelves to certain ru>cs agreed upon 
 amongd themfelves." 
 
 " The 
 I 3
 
 y5 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [SECT. IV.] 
 
 " The firfi Monks ufcd to work when occafion ferved, to eat and drink fobeily, to 
 go decent in apparel, to fall: and pray often, to pofTefs all in common, to read, medi- 
 tate, preach, and liear tlie word of God, to ftudy temperance, continence, modelty, 
 obedience, filcnce, and other virtues." 
 
 " In thefe primitive monafteries it does not appear that they were tied to fct fafts to 
 the three vows of Chaftily, Poverty, and Obedience, or to the different cloaths and 
 colours, or to (lay in the monaftery any longer than their own liking." 
 
 " There wt-re alfo primitive Nuns, for we read of Marcella, Sophronia, Principia, 
 Paula, Euftochium and others, who did profcfs Chaftity and contempt of the world, and' 
 had an earnelt defire of heavenly things." 
 
 " The firft Monks of all were called Thabenenfii from Thabcnna, an ifland in the 
 province oilbebais, about the time of Constaniius the fan of Constantine." 
 
 " Afterwaids the firfl: we find mentioned who gave a certain rule to his dilciples to 
 regulate their conduct by his St. Bafil. The Monks of this Saint were gathered by him 
 and lived about Pontus; much about his time St. Plyerom collefted a number of 
 Hermits in Syria. 
 
 Of the Monks of St. BafL 
 
 " The only abfolute rellraint their founder (whofe rule confilled of 95 articles) laid 
 them under, was not to return to their parents houfes, except to inftrudt them, and by 
 their fuperiour's leave." 
 
 " The moft material parts of this rule are thefe." 
 
 " He earneflly recommends the love of God and one's neighbour, together with the 
 exercifc of all chriftian and moral virtues, and denial of the world." 
 
 " All contention of fuperiority at the table is forbidden, the Monks are to wear plain 
 and homely apparel, and a girdle in imitation of St. John the Baptift, and that no man 
 fcorn to wear an old garment when it is given him." 
 
 " All things to be in common, and that tho' in refpefl. to themfeives they muft no6 
 care what they eat or what they drink, yet that they may be helpful to others, they muft 
 labour with their hands." 
 
 " Obedience is enjoined to their fuperiors, but chiefly to God." 
 
 " He fpeaks of the behaviour of the governour, &c." 
 
 " He advifes that men of eftates beftow on their kindred what is their due, and the reft 
 to the poor." 
 
 ** He prefles his difciples in imitation of God and Chrifl to love their enemies." 
 
 " That they who defame, or patiently hear their brother defamed, be excommuni- 
 cated." 
 
 « That no brother alone vifit a fifter but in company, and that by permiffion, and 
 for edification." 
 
 " That they labour not for faith, (as fome do) without charity." 
 
 " That children may be admitted into this order, but not without the confent of their 
 parents." 
 
 « That Satan is notthecaufe of fin in any man, but as he confents to it, therefore the 
 more watchful ihould every man be over his own heart, &c." 
 
 " Thus
 
 [sect. IV.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAAf. -jy 
 
 " Thus we fee that the firft Monks were in y^rt, and that no particular denomination 
 of regulars were known in Europe, till the latter end of the fourth or beginning of the 
 fif:h century : wht-n the Benedidins were the firft, and continued long without any 
 rival, the Carthufians were the next, then the Augultinians, after them the Francifcans, 
 who were followed by the Carmelites." 
 
 FRIARS CARMELITES, OR WHITE FRIARS : 
 
 Which Thoroton fays was fituate between St. James's lane and Friar lane, Deerino 
 informs iis was in the parifh of St. Nicholas, between Moot-hall gate and St. James's 
 lane. In 1439, J"hn Farewel was prior. It furrendered February the 5th, 1539, 
 when there remained the prior Roger Cropp, and fix Friars, a The convent ofthefe 
 Carmelites was founded, it is faid, by J. Regnald, Lord Grey, of IVilton, and Sir 
 John Shirley, Knight, A. D. 1276. The fcite was granted to James Sturley,. ^-^ 
 Henry Vlll. 
 
 GREY FRIARS, 
 
 Was fituate in the weft part of the town, in a place called Broad-marfii. The wall 
 which encircled the garden reached as far fouth as the river Leen. b Thele were men- 
 dicants. It was founded by Henry III, A. D. 1250. c This houfe was granted 
 1 Edward VI, to Thomas Henage. At its furrender February 5, 1539, there re- 
 mained feven or eight Friars. 
 
 THE HOUSE OF THE HOSPITALLERS, 
 
 Stood without the wall at the extremity of the north fide of the town, near the north 
 road J this and the lands belonging to ic were, after the dinblution by Edward VI. 
 granted to the mayor and burgeffcs, who converted the building into a houfe of correfti- 
 on. It is corruptly called St. Jones's, d It was dedicated to St. John Baptill, and w:.s 
 in being at the time of King John. It had a mafter or warden, two chaplains, and feveral 
 fick poor people. It was found to be endowed with 5I. 6s. 8d. per ann in the time of 
 Henry VIII. 
 
 " Walter Gray, archbifliop of Tcrk, A. D. 1241, ordained that the mafter and 
 warden of this hofpital, fhould take care that there fiiould be always in it two priefts* 
 to perform divine office, that all the brothers fhould rife early to fing Mattins, that they 
 might be ended before the break of day, afterwards to fing the other Hours at the pro- 
 per times." 
 
 " That they fhould be obedient to their mafter, and that none keep any thing he 
 could call his own, and if any did lb, during feven days, to be then excommunicated. 
 Tlie mafter to convert any thing he had of his own to the public ufe, and if any one died 
 pofleffed of any thing particular, to be denied chriftian burial, and the brethren to caft on 
 him what he had, faying: T^hy money to be with thee to peraition. None to have a cheft 
 locked, unlefs it belonged to his office ; all of them to eat, cloath and drink alike, and 
 to eat flefh only three times a week : viz. on Sunday, Tuefday and Thurfday, without 
 leave of the mafter ; all to cat together in the refeftory in filence, unlefs neceffity re- 
 quired them to whifper any thing. Al! to lye in one dormitory in drawers and ftiirts, or 
 fuch garment as they ufed inftead of fhirts; all of them to be chaftc, and fober, to be 
 temperate in diet, and apply the revenues and alms to the poor. To wear a regular 
 
 habiC 
 
 a. WilHs's hiftory of Abbies. i. Dei ring. c. Nct'.cL Mimpca, froai J. Lackfon's Chronology. 
 
 d. Dl'.BKlNG.
 
 78 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [sECT. IV.] 
 
 habit of ruflet and black cloth ; not to admit nnore brothers and fifters than arc requifite 
 to ferve the fick and look to the affairs of the houfci any brother being a drunkard or 
 lewd, if not mending, to be expelled. No brother to wander abroad without the mafter's 
 leave. To pray for the dead." 
 
 ST. Mary's cell. 
 
 In the time of Henry III. here was a cell for two Monks in the chapel of St. Mary, 
 on the rock, under the caftle. [a) In Jlipendiis diicrum monachorum 77iimjirantiunt in capiila 
 St. Mar: X, de rupefubtus cajirum de Nottingham, 61. is. 8d. ^. 
 
 ST. sepulchre's 
 
 In the reign alfo of Henry III. this place was in being. " fratres S.Jepukhri de 
 *' Nottingham" in pat. 51, Henry III. m. 24. c, 
 
 COLLEGE. 
 
 About the fame time alfo it feems there was a college offecular prieftsin the caftle. 
 
 ST. Leonard's hospital 
 
 Noticed by Thoroton above, was of the age of Henry III. Deering informs us 
 that he found this place noticed in a forefl book, written the 30th of Eliz. by Wm. 
 Marlhal, ferjeant at mace, for the ufeof his mafter, Robert Alvie, then mayor, A. D. 
 1588. 
 
 " That William Chaundeler, of Nottingham, keeper of the houfe of St. Leonard of 
 the fame time, viz. the 31ft of Edward III, made one preprefture of half an acre of 
 ground in the king's demains within the court of the town of Nottingham in the ermitage 
 that is called 0-wfwell, and it belonged to the holpital of St Leonard of Nottingham." 
 
 " I have made all the enquiry I was able, to learn where this hofpital might have 
 flood, but could not get any intelligence concerning it ; I therefore confidering that this 
 kind of hofpitals were never placed within the walls of towns ; after moft; diligent fearch 
 about the out-parts of Ncttingham I did not fee any foot fteps which feemed likely to have 
 been fuch a houfe, except the ruins of a (tone building at the fouth-weft end of the Nar- 
 row-marfh, which is without the confines of the ancient wall of the town. My anony- 
 mous author not mentioning this hofpital, makes me judge that in his time, viz. i6^i, 
 the foot-fteps were full as obfcure as at prefent." 
 
 PLUMTREE HOSPITAL. 
 
 John Plumtree of Nottinghan, 16 R. 2. obtained the king's leave to found an hof- 
 pital in this place. His will bears date in December 1415, in which he remembers the 
 poor of this houfe by a legacy of 20s. " Lego cuilibet 'vidue infra He/pit ale aif.nem font. 
 Nott. p. me fundatiim manenii ibidem 'Deo Jervienti et pro mc o^anti 20s. exinde fua propria 
 commoda faciend Jecundiim ordinationem etjup "jifionem executoris mei." 
 
 Thoroton's account of this hofpital and chapel which adjoined it ; andof the founder's 
 rcfpcftabie and ancient family is as follows, d. 
 
 « In 
 
 Koti'.ia MonaJUca. b. ibid, c, ibid. d. Deerikc notices an error in Thoroton, refpcfting tbis place, 
 bccaufe he, or rallier Thoroton's father-in-law, Icrjeant I5oun fays it was founded ;ibout Edward 
 the third's lime, '• for divers prior men" when ;ifterv\aids lie fays it' was for widows. It is Botuncorn- 
 mon for writers oflocalhiftory to difagree about time, place, and fex ; but it illbecomes one writer to build 
 up his own fame, h\ lUnatundly expolipg the errors of his predeceffor, on whom he ii beholden for 
 Eiwich of the information he publiflies. "
 
 [sect. IV.] OF THE TOWN 07 NOTTIKGHAM. 79 
 
 " In the time of King Richard the fecond Iiere flouriflied Henry de Plumptre, and 
 " two Johns de Pkimptre, brothers, as their fcveral Wills do intimate j Henry's Tefta- 
 " ment bears date 1408, which year he died, in Vrhich he gave a Legacy to his filter 
 " Eiifota, and anochcr to John de Crowefliawe his younger brother, befidesver / many 
 " other, as one to Thomas his brother's Ton, anil another to Hizabetli his own wife's 
 «< daughter; John his Ion and heir, and Margaret then wife of the faid Henry, were his 
 " Executors, and Thomas de l-'lumptre. Chaplain, a Witnefs." 
 
 " John de Plumptre's TcfVamcnt was dated 141 5, not long before his death, he alf;> 
 «' gave a Legacy to his fifter Eiifota, and another to his brother John : His Executors 
 « were John de Plumptre, his Coufin, and Thomas de Plumptre, Chaplain, hisCoufia 
 " alfo ; John Plumptre, junior, was a Wicnefs. This John the Tcllator had licence, 
 " 16 R. 2. to Found a cercain Hofpital or Houfi of G-xi, of (or for) t^vo Chaplain^^ 
 " whereof one fhould be Mafter or Warden of the faid Hofpital, or Houfe of God, 
 " and of (or for) thirteen Widows broken with old age, and deprefTed w!rh poverty, in 
 " a certain Melluage of the faid J .hn, with the Appurtenances in Nottl::gha;K, and to 
 « give the faid Mefiuage, and ten other Meffuages, and two Tofts, with the Appur- 
 « tenances in the faid Town, to the faid MaPier or Warden, and his fuccefTours, viz. the 
 " one Meffuagefor the habitation of the faid Chaplains and Widows, and the reft, for 
 « their fuflentation, to pray for the wholefome eftate of the faid John, and Emme his 
 " wife whileft they fhould live, and for their Souls afterwards. In the year 1400, 
 " July 12, feeing that God had vouchfafed him to build a certain Hofpital at the Bridge 
 " end o'i Nottingham in Honour of God, and the Annuntiation of his Mother the blefled 
 " Virgin, for the fuftenance of thirteen poor women, &c. he propofcd toordaina Chan- 
 »f try, and willed that it fliould be at the Altar of the Annuntiation of the blefled Virgin 
 «< Mary in the Chapel built beneath the faid Hofpital, and fhould be of tv/o Chaplains 
 " perpetually to pray for the Itate of the King, of him the faid John de Plumptre, and 
 " Emme his wife, and of the whole Community of^ Nottingham, &c. who with the prior 
 « of Le>its>7, after the death of the faid John the Founder, were to prefent to it, and 
 " each of the faid two Chaplains were for their (lipends to have lOOs. yearly paid in money 
 " out of the faid ten Tenements, and two Tofts in Nottingham. After the diflblution of 
 « Monafieries, in 2 E. 6. Sir Gervafe Chfton, Sir John Herfey, Sir Anthony Nevile, 
 " Knights, and William Bolles, Efquire, Commifiioners for the Survey, ofColledges, 
 " Chapels, &c. certified that no poor were then to be found in this Hofpital, ard that 
 " die Lands were then wholly imployed to the benefit of one Sir Piers Burfdale, Prieft, 
 " Mafter thereof. Afterwards both the Hofpital and Chapel became ruinous and de- 
 « molifhed, and the very materials imbezilled, till after diverfe Patents of the faid 
 " Mafterfhip, Nicolas Plumptre, o{ Nottingham, 24 Eliz. obtained one, and with the 
 " Fines he received, made fome reparations, and brought in fome poor, but after his. 
 " deceafe during the Mafterfhips of Richard Parkins of Bciiey, and Sir George his fon» 
 " who it feems were trufted fucceffiveiy, for Henry Plumptre, fon and heir of the 
 " Nicolas, in his non age, having then married Anne, the daughter of the faid Richard, 
 " and fifter of the faid Sir George Parkins, both the Hofpital and Tenements belonging 
 '• to it grew into great decay, until after Sir George's deadi, that Nicolas Plumptre» 
 " fon and heir of Flenry, lafl named, became Mafter by a Patent 5 Car. i and made 
 'f fome repairs a_nd amendments, which yet were not judged fufficient by his brother and 
 «• heir Huntingdon Prumptre, Doftor ofPhyfick, who all fuccceded him in the Mafter-
 
 8o THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [S£CT. IV.] 
 
 " fliip, which he obtained 1645, (being then eminent in his profcflion, and a perfon of 
 « great note, for wit and learning, as formerly he had been for Poetry when he Printed 
 " his book of Epigrams and Batrachomyomachia) for in the year 1650, he pulled the 
 " Hofpital down, and Rebuilt it as now appears, and advanced the Rents, fo that the 
 " monthly allowance to the poor is double to what it was anciently. His fon and heir 
 " Henry Plumptre, Efquire, is now Mafter or Guardian, being fo made by his pre- 
 " fent iVIajefty, 24 Car. 2. 1672, upon the refignation of the Patent by George Cart- 
 
 " Wright, 
 
 Over the Gate of the Hofpital at the Bridge-end. 
 
 Xenodochium hoc cumjacello adjun£lo in 
 honorem Amunciationis B. Virg. Maris 
 pro 13. fatiperiorum Vidu^rum i^ 2. Sa- 
 cerdotum alimomd Johannes de Plumptre, 
 fundavit A. D. 1390. §uod (temporis 
 diuturnitate jam pene confeElum) injlauravit 
 denuo, £5? hac qualicunq. ftruRurd Je ftbi 
 rejlifuit Huntingdonus Plumptre exfami- 
 
 lia fundatoris, Anniger, fc? ejufdem Hof- ^ ^< 
 
 pitii Magifier, A. D. 1650. 
 
 Will de Plumptre- 
 
 Thorn, de Plumptre temp. Regis Joh.- Avicia. 
 
 Willielmus de Plumptre fuperft. 15 E. i. 
 , . 
 
 Paulinusde Plumptre diflus le Clerc. temp. E. i.- 
 
 IlenricusdePIumptre- 
 
 WiJlielmus de Plumptre, 3 E. 3. & 18 E. 3.- 
 
 Henricus de Plumptre de-Eliz.-Margar. Johannes de Plumptre fundator-Emma. Johannes Tir Annse. Elifota. 
 Is'ott. ob. 1408. ux. I. I Hofpitalis ob. 1415. 
 
 ^ / 
 
 Johannes de Plumptre ob. Apr. . . . I4 7i.-Helena fil. . . . Strelley de Woodborough. 
 
 Henricus de Plumptre-Matllda fil. & bar. Rob. Medocroft & Joanx ux. ejus fil. & hsr. Joh. Thomas Capellanus, 
 de Arnale | Knarefburgh de Kvme in Com. Line. 
 
 r—_ '- — , 
 
 Henricus Plumptre ob. 1508. j Elizabetha-Mauritius Orrell marit. 2. i& H. 8. Johannes, 2 H. 7. 
 Johannes Plumptre ob. 1552. | Katherinafil. Joh. Kyme de Stykfordjunioris Cora. Line- Agnes ux. 2. 
 
 Kicol. Plumptre ob. 
 Sept. 13. IJ97. 
 
 Anna fil. & hspr. Joh. Sharp de Frifby C. Leic. & Mariae uxor. fd. Will.-Elianor ux. j. 
 Saunders de Welford C. Noitht. ob. Apr. i5. 1580. ob. 1602. 
 
 Henricus Plumptre ob. Jul. 26. 164s. I Anna fil. Rich. Parkins de Boney ob. Apr. 22. 16.^9. 
 f * 
 
 Nicol. Plumptre ob. Huntingdon Plumptre-Jana. fil. Ric. Scott I Chrlftina fil. Ric. Brook, mil. de Norton in Com. 
 1644- f. p. Med. D. ob. 1660. Ebor. ux. i. | Ceftr. & Cath. ux. fil. Hen. Nevil de Biilingbere. 
 
 f ■ ■ A — . , 
 
 Henricus Plumptre dc Nott. Ar. set. 30. 1674. | Maria fil. Thorn. Biayney, Ar. Herefi^rdenfis ob. 1673. Richardus. 
 
 Chriilina Plumptre nat. Jun. 16-3.
 
 ECT. IV.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 8l 
 
 " Wright who had it in triiftforhim it fcems, and was more kind than Sir George Par- 
 '■ kins was to his Grandfather. In the Will of Henry de Plumptre dated 1 1 H. 4. 1408, 
 " before mentioned, it appears diat his dwelling Houfe was a Tenement called Vout 
 '< Hall, which, with two other Tenements, a Garden and Teyntor within it in Voiic 
 " L.ane, all adjoyning to the faid Manfion Houfe, he left to his faid wife Margaret for 
 " life ; remainder to his faid fon John, and the heirs of his body lawfully begotten; for 
 " default whereof, thefe and all other the Tenements in divers places of Nottingham, 
 " fetded on the faid John in like manner, were to be fold by th.e Fxecticors of the faid 
 " Henry, and the money difpofed by them for the good of his foul. His Body he or- 
 " deredto be buried in the Chapel of All Saints beneath or in the Church of St Peter 
 " in Nottingham. Henry de Cotegrave, and Wil'iam de Vti:?ion oi Ncttifigham, Exe- 
 " cutors of the Teftament of William Colyer of Nottingham, 12 R. 2. confirmed to 
 " Henry de Plumptre of Nottingham, and his heirs, feven Cottages in Hundegate. 
 " Henry Plomtre, fon and heir apparent of Henry Plomtre, late of y!niali, and Coufin 
 " and heir of Thomas Plomtre, late of Nottingham, Chaplain, 3 H. 7. ylnno 1488 
 " demifed to Ed. Hunte of No'tingham, Merchant of the Staple of the Town of Calis, 
 " five Cottages in Hundegate, which were late John Plomtre's, father of the faid Henry 
 " the elder, andof the faid Thomas." 
 
 " Thomas Poge was Major of Nottingham 9 and 10 H. 5." 
 
 " In 27 H. 7. Thomas Poge of Mijlerten, Gent, conveyed to Henry Plumptre of 
 *' Nettingham, Gent, one Meffuage, and thirteen Cottages, whereof the McfTuage and 
 " nine Cottages lay together in the North fide of the Church-yard of St. Mary in Not- 
 " tingbam, where now is fcituate the chief Manfion Houfe of Henry Plumptre, Efquire, 
 " the Front whereof was rebuilt by his father the faid Doftor Plumptre, who was fon of 
 " Henry, fon of Nicolas, fon of John, fon of the laid Henry Plumptre, who had it of 
 " Mr. Poge. To this Houfe it feems belonged a certain Chapel or Oratory, with a 
 " Quire adjoyning to if, in the North fide of St Maries Church called the Chapel of All 
 " Saints, which in the year 1632. Jan. 19. was confirmed to Henry Plumptre, Efquire, 
 " and Nicholas Plum.pire, Gent, and Huntingdon Plumptre, Doftor of Phyfick, his 
 " fons, and the reft of the inhabitants of that Houfe to hear Div^ine Service, Pray, and 
 " Bury in, by Richard then Arch-bifliop of j^ofk, under the Hand and Seal of Francis 
 " Withingron, Mafler of Arts, Surrogate of William Eafdale, Dr. of Laws, Vicar 
 " General ir^Spirituals of the faid Arch-bifiiop." 
 
 The maflerfbip of this hofpital having returned to the founders defcendant, as men- 
 tio)ied by Thoroton above, it was held, during the minority of John Plumptre by 
 friends, as it had been heretofore in one or two inftances, till A. D. 1703 — 4, who 
 added a ton of coals- per annum, to each of the feven poor widows. 
 
 The prefent building is that eredted chiefly by Huntingdon Plumptre, in 1650, it is 
 moftly of brick, and now irregular. Some of the old bi ilding remains, which is of 
 ftone ; on one of the entrances, which remains, are the Plumptre arms. The well front, 
 Deering fays, was 74 feet in length, and 63 in depth. By hisoblcrvation he imagined 
 that fome little of the chapel was difcernable, and that it was originally 38 feet long and 
 32 broad. 
 
 Its income the 26th of Henry VIII. was valued at 13I. 9?. 4d. Over the entrance 
 now is the following infcription. 
 
 " Plumptre 
 L
 
 82 THE HISTORY OF THf TOWN AND COUNTY [SECT. IV.] 
 
 " Plwmptre Hifpital, 
 ^riginiliy founded and endowed for thejupport of a mafler, a priejl, and \ 2 poor ijoidows, by 
 John de P /umpire, in 139a. f'Fben almofi decayed it was tn fart renewed by a defcendant of 
 the founder, Huntingdon Plumptre, Efq. 1650." 
 
 Befides other great improvements four new tenements were added by his grandfon 
 John riumptre, Efq. deceafed, in 1751. 
 
 His fon, John Plumptre, Efq. repaired the old building and added two new tene- 
 ments, thus completing the charitable defign of the benevolent founders, A. D. 1753. 
 
 The alms houfes and hafpitals, whofe foundations cannot be confidered fo much in 
 the light of religious .ho jfes as the above, and whofe dates are fubfequent, the reader 
 v/ill find noticed after the account of the churches. 
 
 CHURCHES. 
 
 Thorotom prefaces his account of the epitaphs in the three churches, in his time 
 in the following brief manner. 
 
 " The Vicarage of St. Marie's was twenty Marks, and fo was the Reftory of St. 
 *' Peter's J and theRedory of St. Nicholas ten Marks when the Prior o( Lent on was 
 " Patron : St. Marie's is now lol. 5s. value in the King's Books, and the Marquefs of 
 " Dorchejler Patron, St. Peter's 81. 8s. 6d. and the King Patron, as he is alio of St. 
 " Nicholas, which is but 21. 16s. 8d. value. This Church is now almoft rebuil: of 
 „ Brick : it was demolilhed in the Rebellion for the fafety of the Caftle." 
 
 ST. MARY'S CHURCH. 
 
 The principal and the largeft church in this place is fuppofed, by Deering, to be of 
 Saxon origin ; but for my own part I cannot difcover the leaft trace of Saxon architedlure 
 to warrant the opinion, a. 
 
 This, as well as the other two churches, is mentioned in the foundation deeds of tli- 
 priory oiLenton. 
 
 St. Mary's Hands on a bold eminence, and looks majefllcally on the fouth weflvvardly 
 afpeft. ^Iis form is that of a crols with a fine tower ia the centre, which contains 10 
 mufical bells, which fing fweedy, heard in the meadows below. Its model is colle- 
 giate, its age, if we may judge from the mofl ancient remains of its exterior form, 
 about that of Henrv the Vlkh. But this opinion, it fhould be underflood, is in no 
 degree derogatory to that of a church ftanding on the fame fite ages before. An ex- 
 cellent organ with two fronts adorns it, built by that great mafter Snetzler, in 1777. 
 The old organ which was taken down at this time was built in 1704. 
 
 Within this church is a chapel of note, dedicated to All Saints, nov/ the burial place of 
 the PJumptre family: It is lighted by one of the noblefl windows in the church; but 
 that light ferves to Ihew, what the thoughtful por, in particular, mufl lament, a con- 
 temptuous difrefped to a family one of the brighteft ornaments of the town of Nottin?- 
 bam ; as honourable .to the interefts of this place as it is venerable in years. 
 
 Whoever 
 
 a. This gentleman takes notice of a workrrian who told him that he being employed in repairing the timber 
 at the xvcft end of the church, found a date, cut in wood, which tho' he could not remember vet he 
 was iure it made the church uoo years old. This alTertion comes in a very oueftionabe fhaoe If 
 there were a date of that age it muft have been in charaacrs not eafdy made out by an ordinary carncn 
 ter. It thecarpenter were a learned antiquary, or verfed in Saxon charafters, the difcovery would hav,^ 
 been a treat to h.mfelt and many others. A copy of the charaaers would doubtlefs liave been prefcrved 
 as a rehc ofno fl'.ght note. t^"^i>-ivcu
 
 ft 
 
 
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 o 
 
 H 
 1=1 
 
 C 
 
 
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 Ml 
 
 ^1
 
 [sect, rv.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. S$ 
 
 Whoever might have been led to this religious receptacle of tlie dead eitlier from mo- 
 tives of curiofity, or kindred aheftion, about two years fincc, need no explanation of 
 the very numerous improper things in this place. To others it may be only neceffary 
 to obferve that thofe who hold annual offices in the church Ihould be guardians of decency. 
 
 The monuments of the Plumptre family, or rather the battered remains of thofe once 
 fplendid efforts to preferve the name of a good family, are here. In better times they 
 looked refpeftable. See plate page 87, from Thoroton. I'hat flight flcetch, fig. i. 
 facincr this page, fhews imperfeftly the abufe of one of them. 
 
 Oppofite to this chapel was another dedicated to the virgin Mary. Behind a feat 
 ©r pew, in a recefs of the wall, on this fide thechmxh, is a (lone figure proltrate, (See 
 fi". 2.) in a place very aifficult to be feen ; no infcription. 
 
 The painted glafs that formerly adorned the windows is now chiefly gone. The 
 figure of St. Andrew, however, Itill remains perfeft, in a north window ; die infcrip- 
 tion round the head and part of the figure, in black letters, feems mutilated. Without 
 the figure of St. Andrew 1 have given every letter that remains, in the ftate it now flands 
 in the window, in the fame plate. 
 
 Deering fays fomething of an old paindng on thf wall, over the veftry door, which 
 he took for a figure of St. Chriftopher, who was faid to have an extraordinary power 
 over tempefts and earthquakes ; this fhadow has vaniflaed with the opinion. I will not 
 fay altogether, for the lail time I vifited this church, being a bright day, I did fee, 
 on the left, near the arms, ihe head of a figure, faindy looking upwards; and juft over 
 the veilry door the figure of a duck and a fi!b, on the fame wall, a 
 
 The following are the coUedions, madi by Thoroton, of the infcriptions, arms, 
 &c. in this church. 
 
 In St. Marie's Church, South He. 
 
 <' Richardi Samon, quoncfam Majoris fcf Aldermanni ijlius villa, qui obih xviii. 
 
 " diemenfa Decembris, /Imo Dom. M. CCCC. LFII." 
 
 And in the Window of die fame He, and on a Tomb, 
 "' Ar?;. a Bend Azure be'tvesn a Mullet perced, and an Annulett Gules, Samon." 
 " Grate 'pro flK/>«^ Johannis Salmon, & Agnetis uxoris ejus." 
 
 On the firfl. Earl of Clare's Tomb. 
 H. S. E. 
 •f Johannes Hollies de Houghton Equ. Aur." 
 
 " Denzilli F. WiliielmiM in Baronem Houghton, necnonin Lomitem ds Clare, per Regsm 
 « Jacobum ereSlw:, uxorem duxit Annam Thomas Stanhope de Shelford Equ, Aur. Filiamy 
 <•' e qua Filios Johannem pojlea Comitem de C/ar^ Denzillium in Baronem Hollies de If did 
 " in Comitatu Sujferie, per JereniJJimum Reger/i Carolum II. promotum, Francilcum qui 
 «' ccelebs obiit ; Ac Carolum, Willielmuin & Carolum /« cunis demortuos : Filias etiani 
 « Eleonoram Olivero Vicecomiti Fitz- Williams, ac Comiti de Tyrconel; Arabellam, 
 
 « Thomas 
 
 a: 
 
 It was not uncommon to fee thcTe reprefentntions in Roman Catholic churches, as preventative* 
 againft the injury of thofe buildings dui ing tenpcds, &c.
 
 84 THE HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY [sECT, IV.] 
 
 " Thomas Wentworth de W entworth-ff ^oodhou/e in Com. Cher. Baronetto (poflea vero in 
 " Viceccm. Wentworth, & Comiiem de Strafford eve£fo,) Cofulatas ; ac Elizabetham anti 
 " n:iptias dtfunSlam Snfcitai'it." 
 
 ♦' Diemobiit 1111. Odobiis, Anno Bom. M.BC.XXXVIL" 
 
 On the fecond Earl's Tomb, 
 
 //. S. E. 
 
 " PriCKcb, Johannes Comes de Clare ('Johannis F. Denzillii N.) Uxorem duxit Eliza- 
 
 " betham Horatii Vere E(ju. Jur. Barotiijq. de 'Tilbury (m re bellied clcriffimi) fdian et 
 
 " cohxredem, Equa Filios Johannein in cunis demortuum, ac GWhertwm pojlea Ccmitem de 
 
 " Clare:" 
 
 " Filiasverd" 
 " Annam, Edwardo/inV;^o|;^K//o Theophih," 
 " Comiiis Lincclnie ; EHzabetham," 
 " Wentworthio, Coa/iti de Kildare ;" 
 " Arabellam, Edwardo RofTeter^fi" 
 " Somerby in Com. Line. Equ. Jur." 
 
 " Matrimcnio coiijtinnas ;" 
 " Mariam in cunis, alteram Manzm ante nuptias defimSfas ; 'EXtonorz.m Juperft. Katheri- 
 " nam, & Margaretam in ccelibatu direptas; Sulannam, Johanni Lort ^^ Stack pole- 
 *' Court in Agro Pembr. Baronetto dejponjatam j" 
 
 " Francifcam infantidam exanimem;" 
 *' Dianam, Henrico Bridges, flio tf hceredi Thomfe Bridges de Keynpam in Com. So- 
 " mcrj. Equ. Aur. enuptam; Penelopen, Jacobo Langham de Cotejhroke in Com. Nor- 
 *' thampt. Baronetto, copulatam ; Dorotheam £5? Francifcam in teneri atate Jublatas Pro- 
 *' creavit." 
 
 " Diem obiitjecundo Januarii, Anno Domini M. DC. LXV." 
 
 " In the Chancel on a Blaclc Marble Grave-Stone, cut in two Brafs Plates," 
 " A Feffe between three Spread Eaglets, uith a Crefi, viz. a Dog tyed to a Tree: And 
 " Anno Dom. 1607. In memorid sterna jtijlus erit." 
 
 " Nicholas Kmnerjhy, Elq. and his mother 
 " Dear >^m)r, their Corpes lliis Stone cioth here cover ; 
 " They live now with Chrift, in whom they did truft : 
 " Their bodies do wait the riling of the Juft." 
 
 «« On another Brafs Plate," 
 
 *« Hicjacet Radulphus Hanfby, Art. Mr. ^ondamjocius Johannenfis Cantab, ibidemq. 
 " Taxator, Hujus Eccle/!^ vicarius & Bartonenjis in Fahis ReiJor. ^i obiit'N ovemh.xx. 
 «' Anno Dom. 16,35." 
 
 *' lia.n{hius hae cecidit terra, lapjum extidit aura, quo jacet hie caju/urgit in AJiraJuo." 
 
 "On a Monument," 
 
 « Johannes Alton in Artibus Mr. ob. Jolertiam, prudentiam, experientiam, medieorum 
 «« (ayud boreales Jaltem partes) facile princeps, uxorem habuit Elizab. Brightman, qu^ 
 " apprime modilla eratfcemina, venerabilis matrona, i^ pro morum fuavitate apud cmnes gra- 
 <• \iffma, ex ed duosjujeepit libercs, Georgium, fc? Eleonoram uxorem Thorns Bray, Ar-
 
 i 
 
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 ^csrauo^eas^ 
 
 3 
 
 ^ 
 
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 M*- 
 
 
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 «— T 
 
 j: 
 
 *^^ 
 
 V 
 
 3 

 
 [sect. IV.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 85 
 
 " mig. matre;:iq. Elizabeths Bray, qiLt nupta Fran. Pierreponto /ujnma; f'tetatis ohfervan- 
 *' t'lte id gratitudinis ergOf hoc Monumenlum in defmElorum memoriam qua fieri foteji fern pi - 
 " ternam, propriisfumptibu! erigi curavit. Obierunt ttterq. circiter annum atatisjua oEl 0- 
 " gejfimutn \ Ilk autem 23. ^;V Febr. Anno Dow. 1629. Hac decimo Novemb. Annoq, 
 «' Dom. i6t8," 
 
 *' On a Grave-ftone," 
 < " Johannes Alton, & Elizab. uxor ejus chariffima hie con^epuUi jacent, egregium par 
 ' amantium, quos una eademq. domus ut vivos ita mortuos tenet. Diem £5? Annum utriufq, 
 '' ohitus, Jupra pofilum dabit momanentwn." 
 
 "On an Alabajler Grave-ftone" 
 " Here lyeth the body of John Cave, Gent, the fourth fon of Roger Cave of Stamford, 
 " m Nortbrinptonjhire. He died the 3d. of May 1639, in Joyfull hope of Refurredlion to 
 " Eternall Life." 
 
 « On 
 " On another courje Stone" 
 
 " Here lyeth interred tlie body of George Hutchin/on, Efq. who died the 30th. day of 
 " March, Anno Dom. 1635, being about the age of 59 yeares and 3 Monethcs. He 
 " had to wife Kathevin Rujfel, Gen. by whom he had ifTue John, Mary, Anne, and 
 " Katberine." 
 
 " Hicrepofitafunt ofa Georgii Lacock, Gen. qui. decimo /2'zV Martii, Anno Dom. 1647, 
 " in nianus Dom. Jefu Qhnfk\falvatoris ejus emifit fpiri'.um, Anuoq. atatis JutS 8j, qui ante 
 " obitum, hocfequens Epitaphium hie infculptum iri mandavit." 
 
 " Nafcimur. Querimur, Morimur." 
 
 «* Here lyeth the body of Anne Gregory, the wife of William Gregory, late Alderman 
 " of Nottingham. She died the 7th day of March 1664, in the Sift, year of her age." 
 
 " Here lyeth the body of Elizabeth, late wife of Robert Bingham, Efq. Stev/ardto the 
 " Right Honourable Henry Lord Marquefs of Dorchefter. She dyed the 6. of March, 
 " Anno Dom. 1670, in the 54. year of her age, after fhe had been married 22. years. 
 <« Slie was one of the daughters of Francis B.'aney of Kinfiam in the County of Hereford, 
 " Efq." 
 
 " In the body of the Church." 
 
 " Here lyeth the body of Francis T'oplady, late Alderman of this Town. He dyed 
 « the 28. day of June 1665. the 84. year of his age." 
 
 " On a Pillar," 
 *« Near this place lyeth the body of PFilliam Flamflead, Gent, late Steward and Town- 
 " Clark of Nottingham, who for his exemplary piety, eminent parts and fingular fide- 
 " lity lived much defired, and died no lefTe lamented the 38. year of his age, Augufl 
 «« 24. 1653." 
 
 " The Memory of the Juft is hlejfed." 
 
 « On a Brafs Plate in the North He," 
 
 " Exuvia
 
 86 THE HISTORY 07 THE TOV/N AND COUNTY [sECT. IV.] 
 
 *' Exuvio' Jofcphi Gardiner 
 
 « ]^ed. D. 
 
 *' ^d cbiit Mar. 4. 
 
 « 1669." 
 
 " On another," 
 " llic jacet lien. T anngton /ct-vus fiJelis D. H. Plumptre, qui ohih Jul. 16, 1645." 
 
 " On a Grave-done in the North He," 
 " Dc»//«^/(T?za Johannis Plumptre, /Inno M.D.LU. defimfti." 
 
 " The Arms," 
 
 <' J Chevron between two Mulktts, and an Annuktt." 
 
 " On an Alabafter Grave-ftone in the South He," 
 " To the memory o{ Margaret, late the vertuous wife of William Greaves, Gent, one 
 «' of the Aldermen oi Nottingham, who died the fifth day oi March, Anno Bom. 1671." 
 
 " Here alfo lieth buried Margaret, late daughter of the faid William and Margaret 
 «* Greaves: ilic departed this life the xxiii. day of January, Anno Dom. 1668." 
 
 " In a Window of the South He," 
 " ^larterly Gules a Lion Rawp, Or j and Cheque Or and Azure, all within a Bordure 
 engrailed Arg. quarterly France and England; and that again, impaling quarterly Or, a 
 " Spread Eagle Sable, and Gules a Lion Ramp. Arg." 
 " Gules a Saltire Arg. Nevil," 
 
 " In a high Window of the middle, and on an old Tonr.b," 
 
 " Azure a CrrJJe pate, with a Bqfis and fuppor ting Laces between four Mulletts offix poynls 
 " within a Bordure engraylei Or.' 
 
 « By the Wefl Door a large Table intended for the Arms of the Earls oiNott." 
 " I. ^larterly Gules a Lion Ramp. Arg. and Vurry Or and Azure ^.as 2. 4. aj i. Wil- 
 
 « liam Peverell created by 'Will. Conq." 
 
 " 1. England with a Bendlet Azure, John Plantaginet, by'R. i." 
 
 « 3. John Mowbray, by R. 2. Gules a Lien Ramp. Arg." 
 
 " 4. Gules a Chevron and Crojletts pate Arg. William Lord Barkly, by R. 3." 
 
 " S- Sluarterly France and F^ngland withm a Bordure alfo quarterly Ermine and Ccitnter- 
 
 " company Or and Azure, an inefcutchicn of PeveveW. Henry Fitz- Roy, by H.. 8." 
 " 6. Gules a Bend between fix Crojfecroflets Fitche Arg. charged with a Mullet, Charles 
 
 « Lor d Wow zx A, by ^ Eliz," 
 
 " And the Town's Arms," 
 *' Gules three Crowns Or with a Crojfe Raguled and Trunked Vert Jet in the lowejl." 
 
 FROM DEERING'S COLLECTION. 
 
 " In Plumptre chapel is an alabafter romb, on which lies the figure ofa man 
 in a gown, with wide fleeves and a cap on his head, the hands in a praying poflure, it has 
 
 no
 
 [sect. IV.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 8.7 
 
 no infcription ; in the fide which faces the fouth are four figures in baflb relievo, the id, 
 and 3d. counting fi-om the left to the right hand, are angels holding each an empty 
 fcutcheori before them, the fccond is a mitred figure, and the 4th. feems to be in a 
 fitting pofl:ure, having a coronet on the head." 
 
 " Over this in the corner is a marble monument in memory of the eldeft fon of John 
 Plumptre, Efq. on tlie top are the arms of the family." 
 
 " Here lies interred Henry cldefl: fon of 
 
 John Plumptre, Efq. born 22d. July 1708, deceafed Jan. 3d. 1718-19: 
 
 In thefe few and tender years he had to a great 
 
 degree made himfclf mafter of 
 
 the Jewilh, Roman, and Englifii hiftory, 
 
 the Heathen mythology and the 
 
 French tongue, and was not 
 
 inconfiderably advanced 
 
 in the Latin." 
 
 " In a fmall compartment under this : 
 
 Animam nati 
 
 his faltem accumulem donis 
 
 et fungar inani 
 
 munere. 
 
 " At the weft end of this chapel is a very beautiful monument of marble, with the 
 following elegant latin epitaph, made by a relation, his quondam tutor, at Pembroke in 
 Cambridge, and the addition for Joyce his wife was made by another relation." 
 
 " Hie infra requiefcit pars terrena 
 
 Henrici Plumptre Armig. 
 
 mortui 29. Decembris 1693. jetatis 49. 
 
 Qualis Vir fueritfcire aves. 
 
 Ab antiqua Itirpe in oppido Nottinghamis orfus 
 
 Omnigenam Eruditionem honefl:is moribus adjunxit 
 
 Eruditionis finem duxit effe regimen Vitse 
 
 I line fafta fibi morum fuprema lege 
 
 Benevolentia univerfali 
 
 Pietatis haud fucatfe evafit Exemplar fingulare 
 
 Amicus, Civis, Maritus, Pater, miferorum Patronus 
 
 Qualem jam exoptare licet vix reperire. 
 
 Viduam reliquit ejus amantifiimam 
 
 Jocofam Henrici Sacheverel Armigeri 
 
 De Morley inagro Derbienfi filiam natu fecundam ; 
 
 quje cum tres filios vivo peperiflet 
 
 Johannem, Henricum et Fitz-VVilliams, 
 
 optJmi Patris Monumenta 
 
 Hunc etiam Lapidem in perpetuam memoriam 
 
 Mortuocum Lachrymis poni curavit. 
 
 Hie quoq. demum letho 
 
 Confortionem redintegravit interruptam 
 
 Ilia
 
 gj THE HISTORY OF T:J2 TOWN AND COUNTY [sECT. IV.J 
 
 Ilia Jocofa 
 
 Verbo omncs compkdar Laudes 
 
 Conjux illo digna Viro 
 
 Fundta fate 8 die Novembris 
 
 1708. /Etatis 69." 
 
 « I'he arms : Plumplre impales A. on a fattier B. 5 WaterhoagetsO. SacheveyeL"— 
 
 " The fame are in a hatchment placed over the great tomb." 
 
 ADDITIONAL COLLECTIONS OF EPITAPHS IN ST. MARy'S. 
 
 In the Plumptrc burial place. 
 
 Hicjacet corpus 
 Caroli Plumptre, S. T. P. 
 Archidiaconi Elienfis. 
 Fihus erat, 
 Johannis Nottinghamienfis Armigeri, 
 viri plane integerrimi 
 Immortali memoria digniffimi 
 Qui Monumentum Sibi erigi voluit. 
 Pater cum defiderio 
 Mortem expectavit, 
 Filius non mctuit 
 Tantum potuit veftra fides 
 Natus ille anno MDCLXXX. Hie MDXII. 
 Denatus ille anno MDCCLI. Hie MDCCLXXIX. 
 
 Safe in ihe hands of one difpofing power, 
 Or in the natal or the mortal hour. 
 
 In the chancel, near the altar, a mural monument is placed to the memory of Mr. 
 Samuel Heywood, attorney-at-law, of this town. He died in 1789, aged 34. « As 
 a man," the infcription fays, " eminently refpeftable in his day." 
 
 A mural monument, on the north wall, remembers Samuel Wright, late merchant 
 of this town. He died in 1753, aged 56 years. 
 
 Another under it informs us that Ichabod Wright, Efq. died in 1777, aged 74. 
 Elizabeth his wife died in 1782, aged 82. " Providence indulged them with 56 years of 
 mutual happinefs." 
 
 Near, one remembers Elizabeth and Philip Strelly, brother and filler, the former 
 died in 1786, and the laftfurvivor of that ancient family. 
 
 A tablet, near this place lies interred the body of Thomas Berdmore, Efq. who ac- 
 quired a liberal and ample fortune by the profeffion of a dentift. He died in 1785, aged 45. 
 
 On the chancel floor. William Hallow, Efq. died in 1741, aged 66. His widow 
 in 1767, aged78. 
 
 Mary the wife of Scroop Berdmore, D. D. vicar of this parifli, died in 1745, aged 
 15. He died in 1770, aged 60. Hisfecond wife, Genevava, died the flimeyear, aged 43. 
 
 On the fouth wall. Ann Hollins, wife of John Elollins, Efq. of the couniy oi Salop, 
 died in 1770, aged 30. 
 
 Reft gentle (hade, and wait thy niaker'swill. 
 Then rife, unchanocd, and be an angel flill. 
 
 The
 
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 [sec. IV.] HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY *S'/ 
 
 The Rev. Jofcph Maibon, died in i 777, aged 30. Me was curate oF this paiifli and 
 a fellow oFJclus College Cambridg;^. 
 
 Another cm ace, the Rev. Laurence VVhitaker, is noticod, who died in 1769, aged 4:-, 
 of iiim there is an excellent charaiSler given. 
 
 On a brafs plate, in the n iudic aifle: Here is interred the body of Matthew Immyns, 
 Efq ; who died 20th of December 177^', aged 82, and alio clut of his bro:hcr Georo^e 
 Immyns, Efq. who died in November i 785, aged 85. 
 
 In the chancel we are informed chat Margaret Middleton, died the 6tli of July, 177S, 
 aged 100 years. 
 
 In the nave, on a brafs: — Rev. Richard Naifli, A.M. lateReitor of Bradcomb;, Som- 
 merfetfliire, died June 23. 1767, aged 61 years. 
 
 On a brafs : — John White died in 1757, aged 42 ; Eliz. his wife in i 759, aged 28, 
 Amidft a multiplicity of Hoor- ftones are the following perfons noticed, v/ho died at 
 an advanced age, of refpcutable connexions. 
 
 Elizabeth wife of Michael Brown, who died in 1786, aged 8g years. 
 Sarah Taylor, in 1789, aged 88 years. 
 John Waisford, in 1762, aged 84 years. 
 
 William Jackfon, in 1776, aged 8 i. His v.'ife, Sufanna, died in 1749, aged 84. 
 Jofeph Lapton, gent, died in 1783, aged 72. His wife Sarah, in 17S5, aged 88. 
 There have been many brafs plates of iigures upon the tioor-ftones of this church, and 
 alfo in Plumtree chapel, which were all taken away during the (uncivil) civil wars of 
 the laft century, when the facrilegious Cromwell let loofe his myrmidons upon the 
 churches, partly for plunder, and partly to anfwerthe hidden purpofcs of a mind at once 
 tyrannical deceptions and extremely cunning. To wean his followers from the cftabliihed. 
 religion of his country by a falfe and mifchievous infinuation, that the unoffendino- 
 figures of Saints and other fcriptural reprefentations, then beautifully difplayed in the 
 church windows, which almoft univerfally adorned the temples of the mod Hi'jh,.were 
 relics of fupenlition and idolatry, men were fent armed with poles and pikes to deftroy 
 them. Harmlels as thcle plealing images of flicred things were, even to the enemies 
 of religion ; and glorious zs they v/cre to her admirers, his armies, and armed bands, 
 wherever they palfed tailed not to flrip the covering of graves where any thing was found 
 valuable. Ancient bralfes are the mofl: defii able things in church antiquity, becaufe they 
 Iliew us, with refpeft to drefs, the fafliion of remote times and give us, by their uplifted 
 hands and bended knees in prayer, a pleafing idea of a primitive chriftian mind ejacu- 
 lating, CujuiS aniuur prcinnctut ©cu?. Methinks I fee, his tutored lufRans forcinp- the 
 doors of this church and rufliing forward with the cagernefs of wolves dartingat theirprey,, 
 tearing the brafs figures Irom their rivets, and at length contending for the booty. 
 
 The church-yard of St. Mary, is 23 yards perpendicular above the level of the mea- 
 dows below. In it are almoft numberlefs grave llones, tombs, &c. one of the latter, I 
 obferved, remembeis Mr. Richard Butler, who ferved the office of Mayor five times 
 and was Alderman about twenty years. He died in 1790, aged 66 years. 
 
 St. Mary's parifh, which is one ot the three which conftitute the town of Nottino-ham 
 is much iarg^er than the other two together. Sec its population page 112. This'parifh- 
 
 L and ,
 
 88* 
 
 OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 
 
 [sec. IV.] 
 
 and the other two have each a workhoufe for the poor ; tlie maintenance of whom has, 
 like thofc in moll ot the other parilhes in the kingdom, increaled, laiely, to a very alarm- 
 in^'- decree. To do away the baneful evil, loniething (alutary and efficacious muft be 
 aophcd"; but of what nature muft be left to the wiidom of the legiftature. 
 
 The follcuiiing is a Lift of Vicars, of St. Marfs Church in Nottingham. 
 
 1290 
 13C+ 
 
 J 31 3 
 1317 
 1322 
 
 1347 
 1347 
 1348 
 1349 
 1349 
 1351 
 1357 
 
 Johannes de Ely. — -^ 
 
 Robcrtu? dc Dalby, 
 
 Hcnricujtle parva Haly. 
 Joliannes dc Ludlam. — 
 Joli. if. VVitti. Coryn. 
 Johannes de Launde. — 
 Robcrtus de Wakebridge. 
 Richard de Radclyffc. — 
 Ro2;cr dc Nyddiiipworth. 
 Richard de Swanynton. 
 Thomas de Pafcayl. — 
 Johannes Loriner. — 
 
 Johannes de Hovcdcii. — 
 Joh. de atapleford. — 
 Willimus de Sandyacrc. 
 Robertas de Reiford — 
 Richardus Ceilwell. — 
 WillielmusOde. — 
 
 Williclmus Wright. — 
 Jclianncs Hurt. — — 
 1 Thomas Turner. — 
 
 Joliannes Greve. — - 
 Simcn Yates. — — 
 
 T504 
 1534 
 1535 
 1554 
 1568 
 1572 
 15/8 
 i6i6 
 1616 
 1617 
 
 1635 
 1662 
 1686 
 1690 
 1694 
 1698 
 1708 
 
 1723 
 
 1730 
 
 '743 
 1770 
 
 Richard Travenor. 
 
 Richard Matthew. — 
 
 Ricaard Wyld. — 
 
 Oli/erus Hawood. — — — 
 
 Joliannes Low the. — 
 
 VVillielmus Underue. — ■ 
 
 Robertus Aldndge. — 
 
 Oliverius Wytherington. 
 
 Johannes Tolfon. — — — 
 
 kadulfus Hanfby. — 
 
 Edmundus Laycock. — _ 
 
 Georgius Mafterlon. 
 
 Samuel Crobrow, S. T. P. — — 
 
 Benjamin Carnlield, A. M. 
 
 Tymothy Carrol, A. M. 
 
 Edwurdus Clarke, A. M. 
 
 ijamuel Berdmore, A. M. . 
 
 Johannes Difney, A. M. 
 
 Thomas Berdmore, A M. i 
 
 Scroop Berdmore, S. T. P. - 
 Natnau Haines, D. D. the prefent Vicar^ 
 
 Pri. Lenton Propr. Incumbent Rev. Nathan Haines, D. D. King's Book lol. 5s. 
 
 Yearly tenths il.os. 6d. Archiepifc pro Syn 6s. Archidiac. pro Frox. 6s. 8d. 
 
 Val. in mans, cum gleb. ib. per ann. il. los. in dec. pan, cervis. Ian. agn. anc. pore. 
 puU. fruct. &c. Marquis of Dorchefter, prefented in 1708. Cuke of Kingfton, 1722. 
 1 he Archbifliop, 1730. Reprefcntatives of the Duke of Kingilon. 
 
 Bells 10. In Dcering's time only fix. (a) That gcptleman has been particular in 
 giving the infcriptions thereon, which takes up of his book, almoft two quarto pages, 
 for which information, I am apprehenfive, but few are folicitous ; however, as lome 
 readers may be bell inclined, I have copied his account in the next page. 
 
 A Table 
 
 (a) Kow «-c are upon the bell fubjccl, I may juft obfcivc, that this year, 1795, a Gentleman of confiderable fortune, came 
 lo Leiccfter. purpolely to Ice an old bell brought to Mr. Arnold, I, cll-lounder, to be recall. On it was the head of Henry the 
 Third, King of England, in the time of Po^e lieiiedift. Round the crown this : — 
 
 .fiaunfte ConfcfTor lilriQi 23cncQiae ora pro mh\i ©cum. 
 
 O KOLY Benedic r Confessor or Christ beseech Gou eor us. 
 The hiftoi-y of this bcU is this : That when Brouj.hton Church, in Nonhamptoiilhire, was knocked down by Cromwell, the 
 Ull WJ-, taken lo the church of Moujton, near Noithampton, thence brought to Leicefter, in 179!;, to he recall with the reft of 
 Ihcchurrh bells. Its wcisht 27 cwt. Mr. Smith, the ^enUeman noticed above, as a curiofo in ancient bells, fav--, that there 
 . IS only one more of the .age, as he knows of in England.
 
 S . PET E RS'. 
 
 i yi CM L Ag'
 
 ["sec. IV.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGH A-lVf. 'Sg 
 
 A I'ablc of the Infer iptions^ Bates, i^c. upon St. Mary's Bells, in Nottingham. 
 
 ift. — Sufcito voce pios tu Clirifte dirige mcntes venite exultemus. Edwardus Swcet- 
 apple, Church-Warden, 1699. 
 
 2. — Robert Aldrege, Ralph Shaw, Henry Alvie, Wardens, 1613. 
 
 3. — \)ti Campana ^acra J'lat OTrinitatc 2?cata. W. Scurrup, T. Gray, Wardens, i6go. 
 
 4. — "Jn iiDC vtti liiu nmc ycnu flcSat ccavtm trcstm ct iuftonii. R. A. V. M. G. 1605. 
 
 5. — 1695. Made by Henry Ouldfield. Tv tvba sic sonatv domini condvco 
 COHORTES, RICHARD HVRT MAiOR. Nicholas Sherwin, Richard Johnfon, Wardens. 
 John Gregory. Robert Alvie, Peter Clarke, Humphrey Bonner, Richard Morch.ighe, 
 Anker Jackfon, Aldermen. 
 
 6. — R. Greaves. I. Combe. 
 
 I \vi!l found and refound unto thy People O Lord, 
 ^\'ilh my fwet-t Voice to call Ihem lo thy Word. 
 
 A. Gregory, H. Greaves, The. Middleton, Wardens. 
 
 I Tolc the Tune that dulUil is to fuch as liv'd amils, 
 
 But fweet my found fecm unto them who hope for joyful Blifa. 
 
 ST. PETER'S CHURCH, 
 
 Is much inferior, in every refpedt to St. Mary's. It has an ordinary fpire upon a tower 
 propt at the angles with clumiey buttreffes. The main building has had its viciffitudes, 
 vifible by its internal appearance. It was materially injured, in the laft century, durino- 
 the fiege of Nottingham, by the forces of the Parliament. A bomb fell, at that time, 
 upon the veflry part of the church, which deftroyed it, and fome portions of the adjacent 
 building. 
 
 As to the age of this church, it is as little afcertained as that of St. Mary's, no part 
 of either, in my opinion, is fo old as the conqueft-, in neither is the Saxon column united 
 with the acute pointed arch, which was introduced into'this kingdom by the Knights 
 Templars. St. Peter's, however, is a well lighted and roomy church, it has a nave 
 and two fide aifles. In the Catholic times it had two chapels within it, St. Mary's and; 
 All-Saints. 
 
 Within this church was the guild of St. George, and a Chantry of the blcITed Virgin 
 Mary. The fpiritual court is held within this church. 
 
 I'horoton's Colle^isn. 
 
 " In fhe eafl window of the north lie : — 
 
 Arg. two Bars Azure three Torteauxes in Chief impaling Azure a Cinquefoyle Arg, 
 Gules feven Mafcles voyded Or 3, 3, i. 
 
 Azure a I, ion Ramp. Or. — 
 
 Qiiarteriy Arg. a Chief Gules and Bendlet Azure, and Cheque Or and Azure a Chief 
 Ermine, Crumwell and Tatefhall. 
 
 In a high fouth window of the middle He : — 
 
 Sab. two Bars nebule Arg. on a Chief Gules a Lion oi Engl. 
 
 Arg. a Saltier engrayled lab. between four Rofes Gules. 
 
 In a north high window : — 
 
 Paly of fix Arg. & Azure an Annulet Gules Strelley. 
 
 Arg. a Chevron between two Mullets pierced, and an Annulett Sab. Plumptre, 
 
 M Thssr
 
 ,^Q HISTORY OF THiE TOWN AND COUNTY. ;[SEC. IvJ^ 
 
 There are divers Marks and Letters in Shields, with Cxoffes, and the lil<e. 
 
 In the Chancel eaft window : — 
 
 Barry of fix Arg. and Azure, Gray. 
 
 Ai"-. a Felfe Varry between three Flowers de Lis. 
 
 ■On a Monument : — 
 
 Memorije Sacrum PientifTimse conjugis Margaretpe Domini Mathsi Saundcrii Slpnnc- 
 ic)!ienf:s im^ro Leicenrmfi, Equicis Aurati filia:;: Quje cum optimis natur* dotibus ex 
 •inltinctu pntdita, tum virtiitibus parentum cura diligentiaq. fummum quafi ad veftigium 
 aufta, quintum & vicefimum setatis annum agens Johanni Lockeo Rcgicnfi in fedibus 
 Hcrtfordianis, Generofo, nuptaefl. Quo cum ut piifllme conjunftiflmieq. fuum uxoris 
 per tres annos conjugaie munus obiit, fera fibi, cita fuis, carnem hie depofirura, fe ad 
 nlureispenetravit, quarto Idus Septembris, Anno Verbi inearnati 1633. Cui officii & 
 amoris ergo monumentiim hoc maritus ille moeftiflimus extruxit. 
 
 Ejaage, fifl:e, locum tenet hunc matrona facr^tum 
 
 Clara, venufta, pudens, religiofa, gravis. 
 Ergo jacent charitas pietaiq fed aftra viciflim 
 
 Hac poterant alia non reperire via. 
 Margarita jacet non Annis dempta, fed anni 
 
 Vt fpedtes animum dant obiilTc fenem. 
 
 Above thcfe Infcriptions are the Arms of Locko and Saunders impaled, viz. 
 
 Arg. a Bend bc-tween two Waterbouget-s Sable, Locko. 
 
 Party per Chrevon fab. and Arg. tliree Elephants Heads erafcd Counterchanged, 
 .'Saunders. 
 
 On another Tomb for a focond wife are impaled the fame Arms of Locko : — 
 
 "With Gules on a Felfe Arg. between three Crefcents Or, as many Efcallops Azure, 
 Ellis of Crai.'i-iJtim. 
 
 1 he Inlcription : — 
 
 Ad memoijam iempiternam Janse fure Dom. Thomae Elifio de GraiUhaviia in finibus 
 Lhuobiienfil/tis, Equici aurato, unique a Conciliis Domino Rcgi in provincia Boreali, mi- 
 noris natu fiiis, morum pariter & form re fpeiftabilis venufbate, fibiq, poll quadrennium 
 -interrupti focUcilTimi conjugii, paribus aufpiciis in fecundi tori matrimonium collocatre : 
 xui (ut lere quse funt cordi maxime) vertenre biennio, No-ltinghmnie accidit humanitus 
 -tato pramaturo cedcrecalendis fextilibus •, Annofque jam haud uno viginti amplius ha- 
 ■bcnti ad humana; la'.utis M,DC,XXX1X, Johannes Lockeus Ikrlfordienfis At Rigia, 
 •Generofus, monumentum hoc defideni & c-onjun(?tionis ergo confecravit, fand:iffim£eque 
 •conjugi fupcrlles diffidiLHTi hufluofus deflet. 
 
 Elyfia de Gente redux I Jana: fed then 
 
 Cur ha;c lux qua: dat graidia, curra daxet? 
 Ne coelum invidire : quanquam juvenifq. vigenfq. 
 
 SeriorvOptarini, vile ret umbra polos. 
 Image chaia diem, nulic>r neq -, munus, obivit: 
 
 lujddicaqi Elyfiis, ortaq ; dignatuis.
 
 fsSC. TV.3 <3rr TfTE TOWN 0-F 'NOTTTN'C'HAIK. '^t 
 
 On another Monument : — 
 
 P. M. S. — Viri appnme venerabilis Georgii Cotes, bonarum Artiiim fere omniura 
 thelaurarii : principis ai tis & inllar omn-ium 'I'heologife cimeliarchi, gregis egregii cuf- 
 )£odis : denique ut ingeiiii lit vita; cultiim infticuerint, omnibus merito exemjplaris, 
 
 Pediis pietatis Sacrarium, 
 Lingua fpiricus ruba, 
 Ciijus «^ Manus Clirifti erogatrix, ^ fuere. 
 Domus Religionis Schola, 
 Vita morum ccnluia 
 
 Qui ut annos quartuor & viginti, fumma fide fummaque diligentia curam hujus ecclefifl: 
 iuftinuerat, exantlato Libore ad patriam rediturus^ mortale quod erat lervandum heic 
 ■depoluit, c.-Etera perennior ', lucbum amicis, & fui ingens defiderium fuis, adeoq. bonis 
 ■omnibus rehnquens; e corporis evolavit vinculis III. Cal. Decemb. Anno poft natum 
 Chriftum ciaiacxl. iEtatis autem furs Lilt. 
 
 Cui nepos ejus Samuel Cotes hoc in pii doloris & perpetuum juxta patrui meritorum, 
 jliifque fuperftitis anions moerenti moerens monumentum P. 
 
 There are divers Latine Verfes on the fame fubjed, as there are alfo fome in Englifh, 
 after the following infcription cut on brafs: — 
 
 In hope of a joyfuU Refurreclion lyes interred the body of Mr. Edward Allott, Bat- 
 rhelor of Phyfick, and praditioner in Chir-urgery, who dyed the 6th of June 16^6^ be- 
 ing aged 33 years. 
 
 On a Table; — • 
 
 Arg. a Lion Ramp, queve furchefab. Crcffy, impaling Barry of f.x Arg. and Azure 
 r.ine MuHetts Gules 3, 3, 3, Jclbp. And William Creify, fon of Hugh Crefly, one of 
 his Majelli^s Judges of Kings Bench in Irelatid, was married to Elizabeth, daughter of 
 George Jeffop of Brayidiffm the county o'( Torke, Efq. died the ninth of March 1645. 
 
 On a Graveftone : — 
 
 Lector, in hoc tumulo requiefcunt affa Ricardi Elkini medici, pluribus haud opus 
 eft. Obiit Mali 19 Anno Doin. 1650, statis fua; 85. 
 
 On a Monument: — 
 
 Here lyeth Mary, the wifeof John Wileman, gent, daughter to Henry and Elizabeth 
 Sherwin, who died in childbed the 2 ift ot Auguft 1648, in the 27 year of her age, and 
 ■had ii'Tue one only daughter. Some verfes follow. 
 
 Upon Anothe-r: — 
 
 D. O. M. — Johannes Volufenus^/^ifiTwiJWi^/Ftr/V natus, 0;c«;z;V educatus, SS. Theologie 
 profeffor, Decanus a Ripis, Beati Petri IVeHmonaMir. & beats Maria? Lincoln. Prreben- 
 darius, ParochiaHs Ecclefie de BuniJfon Vicarius, & Re6tor Ecclefise de Beedall hie in 
 domino requiefcit. — Obiit Febr. 19, 1-634. 
 
 Here John Willbn flcepes, in truft Srrve God with feare, thou canft net tell 
 
 1 hat Cnr.iii v/ill.raife -liim from his duft : Whether thy turn be next. Farewell. 
 
 Dilce mori. 
 
 Here
 
 52 
 
 HrSTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [sEC. IV.] 
 
 T Tere lyeth the body of Robert Mofcley, Mafter of Arts, and a faithfull Minifter of 
 Jefus Chrilt, he died the 20th of Decemb. 1643. 
 
 Here lycth the body of Jane, the wife of Thomas Reyner, who died the 18th of July 
 i656, in the 41 year of her age. 
 
 In the foiith Ifie of the Church : — 
 
 Hie jacet corpus Johannis Coombe, Generofi, civitate Oxok. nati, olim Comitatus 
 T^cttin^. Regiflrarii, qui ab hac luce (expedlans meliorem) migravit undecimo die menfis 
 Octobris, AnnoDom. 1667, & y£tads fuse fexagefimo feptimo. — Refurgam J. C. 
 
 On the middle of the Almflioufe in Stony-Street: — See page 107. 
 
 The arms above are: — 
 
 Arg a Feffe Gules betwten three Goates current Sab. bearded, ungued and armed Or, 
 the Creft a Goate of rhe fame. 
 
 On Mr. Barnaby Wartnabies Beadhoufe: — See page 108. 
 
 There is in the Town-Hall at Nottingham the King's Arms fairly drawn over the feat 
 which the Judge in Circuit fits in; and at other times the Mayor, &c. On each fide of 
 the King's Arms, are ihofe of the Benefactors, with infcriptions under them. 
 
 Gules in the Sinifter poynt, an Annulet Arg. a Bordure fable with EftoilesOr. Over 
 all in a Canton Ermine, a Lion Rampant of the firft. 
 
 Underneath is thus written : — 
 
 Sir Thomas White, Merchant Taylor, fometime Alderman of the City oi London, 
 gave to this Town oi Nottingham 40I. to be paid every fifth yeare, and to be lent gratis to 
 four young men Burgefles and Tradefmen for the terme of 9 years. He died Anno 
 Dom. 1566. — See page 48. 
 
 Arg. on a Chevron between three Garbes fub. three Eltoiles of five points of the firft, 
 impaling Gules and Arg. divided by a pale ingrailed Or between four Lions Rampant 
 Counterchanged. — 
 
 Thefe be the armesof John Waft, and Winefride his wife, late Brewer of London., 
 which hath given to the maintenance of a Free Schoole in this Town of Nott. 3 Tene- 
 ments in the City ct London 5I. by the year ; On whofe fouies Jefus have mercy. 
 
 Sixteen Coats quartered, whereof the firft is: — 
 
 Or two Barres Azure on a Chief quarterly two Flower-de-Liz oi France, and one Lion 
 of England. 
 
 'i he fecond is : — 
 
 Gules three Waterbougctts Arg. &-c. Earl 0^ Rutlands. — 
 
 Rogerus Manners vir i'.luftris, fereniftimas Regins Elizabeths; Somatophylax dlg.- 
 i\\^\mus,Qommi 'Wxomx Riitlandie filius, in perpetuam eleemofynam huic vilte Nct- 
 /m_^.('rtOT/V quinq. minas dedit per annum. In cujus tam largi muneris Major Fratrefq. 
 hie ejus affixcru:;! infignia, Anno Domini 160 ; . 
 
 Sable a Chevron Or between ihiee CrofiecroQetts Fitche Arg. quartering fix Coats 
 more. — 
 
 The arms and atchievments of Sir George Peckham, late of Denbam in the County of 
 Bucks, kn-o\u, who out of his noble difpofition to workes of Charity and Piety, by his 
 laft Will and Teftamenc gave to the Town q{ Nottingham one hundred poundes of lawful 
 Englifli money, the ule .".nd benefit to be yearly diftributcd to the poor inhabitants there- 
 
 by
 
 (fsEC. IV.] OF TH5 TOWN OF NOTTINCHAW. 5J 
 
 by the difcretion of the Major and Aldermen of the faid Town for the tijjie being, and 
 depaited this hie the 23d day of July, Anno Dom. 1635. 
 
 Or two Barres, and a Lion i-'afl'ant in Chief Azure. — 
 
 William Gregory, gent, fometimc Town-Clarke of this Town oi Noithigbam, did by 
 
 his lall Will and Tcilament in the year of our Lord God, 1613, give and eleven 
 
 fmall Tenements, with che Appurtenances called xhtlVh'ue Rents, firuate at Hundgati end, 
 within thefaid To^noi Nott. for poor aged people to dwell in Rent-free, and 405. yearly 
 for ever towards the reparation of the faid Tenement.s, &c. 
 
 Patty per pale Arg. & Azure two Lions Hamp. back to hack Counterchangcd, 
 Gregory, quaitering fable a Chevron between three Spear heads within a Bordure Arg. 
 Urmefton, all which impales Or on a Chief Vert a Lion Paffant of the hrft, Alton, quar- 
 tering Gules a Chevron between ten CrolTccroflets Or, Kyme. — 
 
 William Gregory, gent, late one of the Aldermen of this Towne, gave in Anno Dom. 
 1650, the fumme of LIIs. yearly towards the relief of the poore of the I'ariih of St. 
 Maries in Nott. and John Gregory, gent, his fon did give the like fumme of LIIs. more 
 for the fame ufe yearly for ever, to be paid out of the Rents of tour Tenements lying in 
 Barker Gate; and belfowed in Bread 2s. every Sunday. 
 
 Ermine a Gryphin Sergreant queve nowe Gules, Grantham, impaling Arg. on a Che- 
 vron fable three Bucks heads CabofTed Or, Houghton. — 
 
 The moft pious and virtuous lady Lucy, wife of Sir Thomas Grantham, did of her 
 charity give two hundred pounds at feveral times to this Towne, the ufe thereof to be 
 imployed for the fetting forth of poore Burgefles Children Apprentices for ever. 
 
 William Greaves, Mayor, 1671. 
 
 Arg. a Fefle Gule betwee:i three Goates in courfe fable, horned, beared, and hoofed 
 Or.-- 
 
 The armes of Henry Hanley, Efq. a founder of the Hofpital in St07iy Street within this 
 Towne oi Nottingham, who endowed the fame with forty pounds per annnm out of his 
 Lands in Bramcote in the County of Nettinghattu, for the maintenance of fi5: men, and fix 
 women. Anno Domini 1650. 
 
 William Jackfon, Mayor." 
 
 jyeering's CvlkSlion. 
 *' There are in this Church two Chappels, one towards the fouth, which I take to be 
 St. Mary's, the other towards the north, which is the Chappel of All-Saints. — In the 
 year 1739, in the month of July, Mr Abel Smith, Banker of this Town, caufed a vault 
 to be built for his family in this Chappel, the workman diggii'g to come to the rock for 
 a foundation, met with an arch in the north wall about four feet high, from the found- 
 ation of the Church, which in all is not above five ii:ti deep, in this place, and near ten 
 from the rock. At the bottom of this arch, they obferved a lh:>ne trough, part of which 
 advanced into the Chappel, the reft was under the arch, juft broad enougli to hold a 
 Coffin, and long enough for the fame purpofc, in it they found the Bones of a Corpfe 
 which were all firm and found, whereof my lelfv/as an eye witnefs, and a red Tile glazed 
 •ivith Crols Keys upon it. Diverfe were the conjectures concerning this tile, when John 
 
 M Plumptre 
 
 * 
 
 ^
 
 g^ HISTORi' CF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [sEC. IV. } 
 
 Plumptrc, Efq. then one of the Members of the Honourable Iloiife of Commons for 
 Nottingham, coming loon after from London, upon my relating to him the ftory, fhew'd 
 me a like tile, which he had found entire, amongft feveral broken pieces in the Burial 
 place of his anccftois, in St. Mary's Church, at his making a vault there. 
 
 It is a red tile ot a very hard compofition, juft lour inches and a half fquare, and one 
 inch thick, the upper furface of it glazed of a brownilli colour, and on it the figure of 
 bell in yellow, placed diagonally, and of as large a dimenfion as the tile will admit of, 
 on one fide of the bell the figure of a key, and on the other a broad fword, the fymbols 
 of St. Peter and St. Paul. Mr. Plumptre, with very great probability is of opinion, 
 that thefe characlcrs fliew fuch tiks to have been dellin'd at their making for the ul'e of a 
 Church ; and that probably thi-fc were the original pavement round the Altar, which was 
 on the eall: fide of the faid crof*; iQe, and feparated from the reft of the Chappel of All- 
 Saints by the Cancel li, which remained fi:anding till the year 17 19 of the fame form with 
 thofe that ftill enclofe the whole Chappel. That the original pavement was probably in 
 procefs ot time broken up for graves, and the pieces oi it thrown negligently in with the 
 earth, that had been taken our, and as this Chappel had been dedicated to All Saints, 
 and on this tile here are the fymbols of two Saints, it is not unlikely that if more of thefe 
 tiles had been piefeivtd, the fymbols of other Saints might have appeared thereon. 
 
 The juft mentioned gentleman mformed rne, that the bones found in the arch were the 
 remains of John de Flumptre, founder of the Hofpital at the Bridge-end, who defired to 
 be buried in this Chappel, under the wall of this Church, and that near this place Henry 
 Plumptre, and feveral others of the family were buried. And Dr. Thoroton, p. 407, 
 mentions, " That Henry Plumptre, (brother of the founder) by his Will dated the i ith 
 of Henry IV, 1408, ordered that his Body fhould be buried in the Chappel of All-Saints 
 beneath, or in the Church of St. Peter in Nottingham. 
 
 On the north fide of the Communion Table under the figure of Mofes is the fol- 
 lowing inlcription : — 
 
 Tcrtio die Odobris MDCCXX, Juxta hunc Locum Scpulta eft Hannah, Uxor 
 Alvcrii Doddey Genorofi Qui Hujus Ecclcfi;? Ornatui Confulens Ad AUare Ccenam 
 Domini delineandam propriis fumptibus curavit. 
 
 On the wall of the fouth Ifle, is a marble monument with this Infcription; — 
 Near this place lies the Body of Alderman Thomas Trigge, grocer. Ion of Matthew 
 Trigge, Minifter of Stiettcn, in the County of Leicefter, who married Elizabeth the 
 widdow of Benjamin Rickards, by whom he had fix children, Elizabeth, Thomas, Mat- 
 thew, William, Jofeph, Nathaniel, all furviving except Nathaniel. He departed this 
 Life March the 20th 1 704-5, in the 53d Year of his Age. 
 
 Thomas Trigge gave by Will 50I. to buy Land for ever, the Rent to pay for Bread 
 to be diftributed to poor Houfe keepers of this parifli, by the iVIinifterand Church- war- 
 dcris and Overfetrs in two equal parts, one part on Chriftmas-Day, the other on Good 
 Friday, 
 
 Elizabeth Trigge, his wife who was daughter of William Parker, an apothecary, in 
 Nottingham, departed this Life 28ih of March, 1720. 
 
 On the wall of the fouth ifle, is a marble monument fet up for Alderman Rickard : 
 
 Here
 
 [sec. IV. 3 OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM-. o^g 
 
 Here lyeth, the Body of JoJin Rickards, late Alderman of thi> Town, foil of Bc/ijarrtirt 
 Rickards, late of this Town, who married Anne the daughter of Jofeph Clay, by whom 
 he had ifilie three Tons Parker, Benjamin, and John, and three daughters Anne, Llizabeth 
 and Anne, whereof Benjamin, Elizabeth and Anne, I'urvived him, he died the 20th of 
 April, Anno Dom. i7o_^. 
 
 Over againll the before-mentioned m.onument in the ifle upon a flat graveftone:— 
 
 Here lye the bodies of William Ayfcough, Printer and Bookfeller of this town : and 
 Anne his wife, (lie was daughter of the Rev. Mr. Young, Reclor ofCatwick in the coun- 
 ty of York ; he died March 2, 1719 ; fhedied December 16, 1732. The above Mr. 
 Ayfcough is remarkable, for having firfl intioduced the art of Printing in this town, 
 about the year 1710, 
 
 In the church-yard which abounds with grave and head-ftones, I find nothing remark- 
 able except the following loco-ferious one, upon a man who was a great champion of the 
 high party in this town, and who had a ftrong influence upon the mobile, and all this zeal 
 of his did not proceed in him from any mercenary views, but his own choice. He was 
 otherwife, tho' bred in low life, (for he was a flocking needlemaker) a perfon of good na- 
 tural parts, and peculiarly remarkable for his filial duty to his mother. He died on the 
 Eleftion day of members of paliament for the town of Nottingham, foon after he had feea 
 that gentleman chaired, in whole beh^ilf he had exerted himfelf In an extraordinary man- 
 ner. 
 
 Then fell down dead 
 
 Here lies VIN : EYRE 
 Let fall a Tear 
 
 For one true Man of Honour 
 No courtly Lord 
 That breaks his Word 
 
 Will ever be a Mourner. 
 In Freedom's Caufe 
 He ftretcht his Jaws 
 
 Exhaufted all his Spirit 
 
 it muft be faid 
 He was a Man of Merit. 
 
 Let Freemen be 
 
 As brave as he 
 And Vote without a Guinea 
 
 Vin : Fyre is hurl'd 
 
 To the other World 
 And ne'er took Bribe a Penny. 
 
 Sept. 6, 1727. 
 
 True to his Friend to helplefs Parent kind 1 Why fliould we grieve. Life's but an airy Toy 
 He died in Honour's Caufe to Int'refi: blind J We vainly weep for him who died with Joy." 
 
 Additienal CoUeSiions from St. Peter's: 
 la Sepulchre fub area concamerato, Quod fibi fuifque Dormitorium efTe volult. 
 Heu ! jam conditur puerperii Doloribus exhaufta, 
 Elizabetha Samuelis Martin, fidifTima conjux 
 Johannis Smith, armig. Filia natu maxima. 
 Mors tamen rapax haud inermem invafir, 
 Sed Pietate ac Fede Chriftiana munitam. 
 Quale erat Ingenium 
 Quanta Probitas, manfuetudo, Benevolentia, 
 I'eftantur Amicorum Defideria fuperflitum, 
 Ampliffimis potiora Elegiis, 
 Caiend Septemb. A. D. 1779. 
 
 A br^-fs
 
 96 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [SEC. IV.] 
 
 A brafs remembers Charles Drury, who died in 1753, aged 49, and others of his family. 
 
 A mural monument informs us that George Tempeft, of long, in the County of York, 
 died in 1752, aged 51. His wife Elizabeth died in 1784, at the age of ■]■]. And his 
 brother, the Rev. Robert Tempeft, in 1 755, aged 53. 
 
 Oppofite another is placed to the memory of the Rev. Edward Chappell, reftor, and 
 prebendary of Southwell, and re^or, alfo of Barnborough, in Yorkfhire. He died, it 
 ftems, deferving a fair charafter, in 1 767, aged -j-i,- He had been a refident in tiie parifli 
 42 years. 
 
 On a brafs in the middle aifle : — 
 
 Hie fitus efl: 
 Timotheus Armitage, 
 Chirurgus ; 
 Robert! Armitage, l.iverpoclc, Mercatoris 
 Filius. 
 Qui parentibus amicis, Vicinis, Patriae, 
 Multa Bona pollicitus ; 
 Lethal i Morbo correptus 
 \ 5pes omnium fefellit. 
 
 1752- 
 
 Oppofite the fouth door on a fmall tablet : — 
 
 Ail is Vanity but the love and fear of God through Chrift Jefus. 
 
 Here lies the body of John Gregory, late vicar of Nonvell, in this County, who died in 
 1783, aged 73. 
 
 Oppofite on a plain monument; — 
 
 John Sherbrooke, gent, of Nottingham, is noticed, who died in 1760, aged S4. We 
 are informed that he long lived an ornament to religion. 
 
 On the fame wall : — 
 
 Mary Burden, died in 1776, aged 70. We are told that Ihe pofiefled every virtue that 
 could adorn a thriftian. Her hulband, Alexander Burden, gent, died in 1 747, aged 36- 
 
 In the fouth aide is a floor flone, very ancient, with a crofs-, in the centre of which is 
 
 a label with old charaftcrs not legible: perhaps you may read IJic 3;aret liog- fee a re- 
 
 prelentation in the preceding mifcellaneous plate, figure 4. 
 
 On a (lone in the north aille John Grieve?, is remcmbeicd who died in 1718, — on 
 which is 
 
 Here lies a Man who Nere did fi?.rt 
 Wos lame ons Leg Yet found at Heart. 
 
 St. Peter's chiuxh-yard is twelve yards above the level of the meadows below : St. 
 Nicholas's eleven. 
 
 In looking into the p-arifli rcgiiler, I found thefe infertions : — 
 
 " Jeremy the 48 var. 13 was the la(l re;::e Mr. Cotes did ever preach upon the 5th of 
 November 1640." 
 
 " Mr. Cotes
 
 {sec. IV.] GT THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 57 
 
 " Mr: Cotes that faithful minifter of Chrift began this texte upon the 5th of Novem- 
 ber and on the fame continued untiil the 15th of the fame month and dyed before hee 
 finifhed it, and lilce adyingfwan did fing moft fvveecly before his death and having 
 finifhed his courfe hee hath received a crown of immortal glory, which the lord of glory 
 had prep 'red for him and for all thofe that wait for his appearing." 
 
 " He died the 28th of November 1640." 
 
 It is rather difficult to underftand what is meant by this long preaching. Is it to be 
 imagined that he preached every day, on the text above^ from the 5th to the 15th of No- 
 vember, or that he continued it on the fucceeding Sunday ? perhaps it is not very 
 material to know -, but the following will fhew that this preacher was a difciplinarian in 
 the church. 
 
 " 1628 March the ^, 
 
 " Whereas there was a licenfe granted to Eliz. the wife of Mr. John Edmunds of St. 
 Peter's pari (h in the time of her ficknefs giving leave to the faid Elizabeth to eate fuch 
 meate as by lawe in that cafe is allowed, as appeares further by the faid licence, and for as 
 much as the faid Elizabeth ftill continueth fick and weake is not able without danger of 
 her life and imparing of her health to eate fidi meates, therefore upon the requeft of the 
 faid Elizabeth wee have caufed this to be regeltered according to the entent ot the ftatute 
 in that cafe provided to continue dueriiig the time of this her ficknefs and weaknefs and 
 noe longer at her perrill. 
 
 Geo : Cotes Reilor eccle ^ 
 b t i petri Nott." 
 
 . The churchwardens names follow. 
 
 This fame gentlernan in 1628, granted a fimilar licenfe to Elizabeth wife of John Ed- 
 munds, to eat meat during Lent. 
 
 Alfo to Elizabeth wife of Adrian Perkins, gent, in 1632. Alfo to Robert Wood, 
 
 gent, in 1633. This was figned not only with the names of Mr. Cores, and the church- 
 wardens, but alfo by Richard Flkin, phyfician. 
 
 An ingenious man, at this tmie of fcarcity of provifions, might amufe himfelf v/ith 
 writing, and his readers with reading (September 1795) lomething pertinent on this fub- 
 ject, of religious forbearance -, and tafting through nf jefTity in times like the piefent. It 
 might be afked, would falling ftated days m the week, through necefllty, not from re- 
 ligious niotlves, do away, in Tome meafure, the exorbitant price of the neceifaries of life : 
 It is to be feared not ; there is a ftubborn evil deeply rooted fomewhere that defies, at 
 prefent, all application, and, I fear, may produce fome ferious confequences if fometliing 
 efficacious be not immediately done. Prayers have been offered up to heaven, by the 
 -poor for plenty, plenty hath been fent us-, but alas! that plenty is placed, by the 
 hand of avarice, almoft beyond the reach of tjie necefTitous. 
 
 Some have thought that tlie high pi ice of provifions, of late years, does but keep 
 pace with the increafc of the wealth of the kingdom, it may be Jo -, but let fuch be to|d 
 that hence is the grea<- caufe of the.juffcrings of the lower orders of the people-, for as 
 riches increafe, moncpoHzers, fcnlilaUcrs., and regraters, alfo become moi^ powerful, and 
 confequently more capable of endangering the common weal. A rich tenantry, perhaps, 
 may be addtd to the lift of evils. France, before her late fliocking revolution, faw, ' 
 
 N within
 
 9S 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. 
 
 [sec. IV.] 
 
 within herfclf, but two claffes of the people, the wea'thy and the extreme poor. England 
 may be happy it fhe never experience a fimilar divifion. The awful picture held up to 
 the view ol Europe in that country, will furely fave us from a fimilar fate, by (hunning 
 the rock which has Ihook that mighty empire to its foundation. Thofe who are ac- 
 cuftomcd to mingle with the world, muft find, it is to be lamented, that difcontent, the 
 origin of national evils, every where prevails, foftered by ambitious and defigning men, 
 ready to dafh to pieces the fabric of our conftitution, raifed by the wifdom and experience 
 of ages. It need not then be ad-xd, Can any thing afTift the pending mlfchiefsfo much 
 as the dearnefs of the ordinary ncceflaries of life, particularly after the moft abundant 
 harveft man ever beheld ? 
 
 It is to be feared that fome men now, and during the hte: feeming fcarcity of bread corn, 
 took advantage of the arming the provincial corps, raifed for purpofes widely different 
 from that of afllfting avaricious men in oppreflion, the moft cruel, the moft bafe and de- 
 generate to hitman nature. 
 
 It might be right to make fome apology for this little digrefTion, but feeling as a 
 friend to order, and dreading the evils likely to arife out of a continuance of the prefent 
 high price of provifions, I wave the ceremonious talk. 
 
 On leaving the veftry, after copying the above from the regifter, I caft my eyes upon 
 a fmall t.iblet in the fouth aifle : — 
 
 Sacred to the memory of John Nodes, gent, of this town, who enjoyed 56 years oi 
 mutual love and domeftic happincfs, which was iirft interrupted by his deceafc on the 
 8th of January 1789, in the 80th year of his age, and v,as followed by that of his widow 
 on the 7th of July 1792, aged 78. 
 
 What a portion of conjugal happinefs I What enjoyment! And what a contraft to 
 fome modern unions, that are foon followed by the moil difaftrous feparations. ' 
 
 IbefoUciving is a Li^of the R£liior''s Sames of St. Peter's, from the year 1241. 
 
 " 1241 Joh. <le Nottingliam. 
 1280 Joliannes Cathal. — 
 
 1287 Richardus de Stapleton. 
 I2q2 Jo'i. de Brus de Pykering. 
 1300 Adam de Ivyrlcby. — 
 
 1322 Lancelot de Corebto. 
 
 1323 WiUiclmus de Willovighby. 
 
 Rob.-rtus Jolaii. — 
 
 1347 ^VillicIln^s de Whatton. 
 134.9 Heiiricus dc Keyworth. 
 
 I 369 Robertus de Ncwbald. 
 1375 WiUiclmus de Rodington. 
 
 Hugo Martcl. — 
 
 1426 Johannes Burton. — 
 
 Johannes Drayton. — 
 
 1445 Willielmus Gull. — 
 I483 Johjiints Mayevvc. 
 14.H6 Llobertus Cotyngham. 
 
 1499 Willielmus Ilkeflon- — . 
 
 1510 Joii. Plough. Kyngftury. — — 
 
 1538 Johannes Plough, jun. — — 
 
 1550 Nicholaus Cooke. — — 
 
 1578 Johannes Nytter vel Wittie. 
 
 1583 Carolus AynlVorth. — 
 
 1588 Radulphus Shutte. — — 
 
 159-5 J'>-iann.:-s Pare. — — 
 
 16C4 Francifcus Rodcs. — — 
 
 1606 Roger Freeman. — — 
 
 1610 Johannes Kel'e. — — 
 
 1 6 10 Thomas Low. — — . 
 
 1617 Goors;ius Cotes. — — — . 
 
 1618 Hugo Parke. Sequeftrator. — — 
 
 1619 Gcorgius Cotes. — — 
 
 1640 Johannes Goodall. — 
 
 1642 Johannes Ay^oj-pe. — ■ — — . 
 
 1667 Samuel Leak, — — , 
 
 1672 Edwardus
 
 fSEC. IV.] 
 
 1672 Edwardus Buxton. — — 
 1680 VVillielmus Wilfon, A. M. 
 
 1693 Nathan Drako, A. M. — 
 
 1704 Timothy Fenton, A.M. — 
 
 OF THE TOWN OF NOTTI!CGHAM. 
 
 9} 
 
 iyj.1 James "IViifon, A. M. — — 
 
 1725 Edward Chappcll, A. M." — — , 
 
 1767 Samuel Martin, A. M. — — . 
 
 1782 Jeremia'a Bigfl)y, A.B.the prefent Reiftor. 
 
 Patron, the King. — Incumbent, Jeremiah Bigfby, A.B. — King's book, 81. 7s. 6tl. 
 
 Yearly clear value in Bacon, 12I. 19^; — 30I. — Syn, 4s. — Prox 6s. 8d vmI. in nians. 
 ibidem per ann. 6s. Sd. in decim. perfonal. oblat. &:c. — Pens. fol. prior, dc Lcnton per 
 ann. i6s. 
 
 Bells 8. — A fine peal; new about 14 years ago. Cafl: under the direction of Mr. 
 
 Crofs, of Nottingham, by Pack and Chapman, London. I'he following are the in- 
 
 fcriptions of the old peal ; — 
 
 y/ TaMe of the Infcriptions, Bales., i^c. upon St. Peter's Bells, Nottingham. 
 
 1st. — In Perpetuam Memoriam Societatis Ivvenvm Borealivm, 1672. 
 2. — In Perpetvam Memoriam Societatis Ivvenvm Borealivm, 1672. 
 3. — God save the King, 1666. 
 4 — God save his Chvrch, 1^35. 
 
 5. — God save his Chvrch, T. Hvnt, I. Wilson, Wardens, 16S5. 
 6. — Iesvs be ovr Speda. 
 
 7. — aue maria of tiou djaritie foe to prau for tijc tafc of maijcrc Jmbbnftai;. 
 8. — Robert Sherwin, Iohn Cawton, William Freeman, Richard Wel--^ 
 LAH, Aldermen* 
 
 ST. NICHOLAS'S CHURCH, (a) 
 
 Thoroton gives us but little information refpedting the old Church, which was demo- 
 liflied during the troubles in the laft century, the preicnt church he obferves was building 
 when he wrote his hiftory. Deering, fpeaks of it thus: — • 
 
 " The old Church lliaring in the Civil War the flune fate with that of St. Edmund of 
 Dudley, both v.'hich v/here pulled down (by reafon of their nearnefs) for the fafety of the 
 Caftle, it was fomewhat larger than the new one, of ftone, the materials were moftly con- 
 verted to private ufes, the Boxes in the Kitchen of a certain Inn in this Town were made 
 out of fome of the Pews, and the Bells were by order of Col. Hutchinfon, (who was Go- 
 vernor of the Caflle of Nottingham,) removed to Outhorpe. There goes a Tradition 
 among the people of this town, that St. Nicholas is the Mother Church, but for my part 
 I cannot find any foundation for it unlei's the difference was paid to it by way of compile, 
 ment, it being in the kings demefne before and after the Conqueft, Wherever I find the 
 three Churches mentioned, St. Mary's is alv/ays named firlt, and St. Nicholas's lall, nor 
 is it reafonable to fuppofe that the leaft of thcfe Churches fhould be the Mother, and take 
 the rank before St. Mary's who had a Suffragan Bifliop, befides all public Solemnities,, 
 as the Eleftion of the Mayor, Sheriffs, &c. were, and are, performed at St. Mary's, v here 
 alfo the Aflize Sermons are preached before the Judges, not on account of their Lodgings- 
 being near that Church, but time immemorial, when they ufed to lodge in the heart of 
 
 the 
 
 (.i), II is a Rcilory The Rcflors of this Church, copied from Dccrlng, p.igi" 104, are liy miftak* called. Vicai's.
 
 100 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTT. [SEC. IV.] 
 
 the town. One might upon much better grounds conjedlure that the Collegiate Church 
 of Southwell, was once the Mother Church of our Parifiies, becaufe before the town was 
 made a County of itfclf, the Corporation was obliged once a year to make a ProcefTion 
 thither in their Formalities, to hear Divine Service." 
 
 The following copy of a paper found in the parifli book, is important, refpefting the 
 demolition of the old church, which, it (hould feem, neither Thoroton or Deering, had 
 a knowledge of: — 
 
 " In or about Chandlemas i 714-15, one or more of the Pinnacles of the Tower of St. 
 .Nicholas's Church, Nottingham, were blown down, which occafioned a break of a Main- 
 piece of wood, between the iteeple and the body of the faid church. On the plaifter of 
 which beam were wrote thefe words : — 
 
 " This Church was burnt and pulled down 1647, begun again 1671." 
 
 " Br. Stephenson, Sexton. 
 This witnefs, 
 
 J. Abson, Rector." (a) 
 The prefent church is of brick, ornamented with (lone and was finifhed in 1678, and 
 flands on the fite of the old church, which wasofilone, and much larger. Its little 
 tower contains two bells only, (b) St. Nicholas's, fince the time of its being rebuilt, has 
 been confiderably enlarged, and beautified. In 1756, the fouth fide was extended con- 
 fiderably by voluntary contribution. And in 1783, a fubfcription was raifed to the 
 amount of nearly 500I. to enlarge it in a fimilar manner on the north fide, when it was 
 in a great meafure new pewed, ahamdfome pulpit and reading defk creeled, and a gallery 
 built on the north. The church, now within, has a handfome appearance, and is well 
 lighted. It has a fpacious nave and two fide aifles, and will contain a large congregation, 
 luitable to the great population of the parifh of late years. St. Nicholas's parifli now 
 ii fuppoJed to contiiin more inhabitants than that of St. Peter's. 
 
 In lupport of the tradition of the old church, (which it is faid had a fpire fteeplej 
 bcingdcltroyed or damaged in the civil wars, part of an old bell was found, fometime 
 fince, in digging near the foundation of the prefent tower, which it is probable, was 
 broken to pieces at the demolition of the church. 
 
 From this church ya.d there is 3 fine profpeft of the diftant and adjacent country. — 
 Belvoir-Caftle, which mufl be at the diitance of twenty miles, is an objedl of beauty, on 
 the left, and near obie6h, fuch as have been noticed, page 26, from the caftle, are de- 
 lightful attradions. 1 have on my vifits to Nottingham, frequently, on a fummer's day, 
 walked to this church-yard for the benefit of its reirefliino; and falutary air, as well as for 
 its cxtcnfive profpedl. 
 
 St. Mary's clunch-yard is certainly on a bolder erriinence; but the views thence, in 
 general, are confined by buildings in almoft every diredion ; and the air, on that ac- 
 count, is lefi pure and falutary. As I have been led by obfervation to fpeak particularly 
 of the fite of St. Nicholas's Church, I may, I apprehend, with jufl:ncis oblerve, in general, 
 that the Town of Nottingham, both for air and profpecls, particularly fouth-weilwardlv, 
 has not many equals in the interior of the kingdom. But when it is laid, that the fite of 
 
 Nottingham 
 
 <;.) The ori^ir.cl PdpcrM-.is pinned by Mr. Walter Mcrrv, wiiliin tl-.n P.irifh Bciok kept in the Veftry. (h) On one : Ansos, 
 Ktcios,GcL SAVi Kis Chvrch. NtviL ^ixA ScArriRwooi,, WARDt.Ns, 1726.
 
 [^EC. rv.} OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. lOI 
 
 Nottingham is delightful, the air fakibrious and the Town one of the pleafanteft in the 
 kingdom, it miift be lamented, which in fome mealurir, is done in another page, 
 that the New Buildings which extend much in that part of the Town marked in the old 
 ground plan, page 60, are ereftfd, many of them, without any dcfign of forming re- 
 gular ftreets. Well contrived Itreets and pa/Tages are highly conducive to health and 
 cleanlinefs ; but here, if one may be allowed the expielTion, is a refurrecflion of buildings, 
 generally without order, feated like clufters of muflirooms in a field, caft up by chance. 
 Here the gathered fijth within doors is Icattered, daily, in the dirty palTIiges v/ithout, in 
 front of the dwellings, deiigblful to the fight and odorous to a fenfitive nofe. Yards, in 
 which fuch good things ihould be treafured for agriculture, are not, it may be fuppoled, 
 always thought of, when buildings are erected here. "What may be denominated Itreets 
 or lanes before lomc of thefe new eredions, are, many of them, without any fort of 
 pavement, confequently without regulated water courfes, and confequently pregnant 
 with mifchievous efi^cdt. 
 
 D ering's CoIle51ions -wiihin this Church, 
 
 " On a monument againft the wall on the right hand of the Communion Table : — 
 
 Sab. between a Chevron 3 Doves Or. 
 
 Near this place lies the body of Elizabeth Alfop, who died June 2, A. D. 1731. — 
 Blcfied are the Dead who die in the Lord, for they reft from their Labours and their 
 Works follow them. 
 
 On the left fide oppofite to the foregoing are hung up three Hatchments, viz. 
 
 ift — Gules three Lion's paws Arg. Newdigate a Mullet for difi^erence impaling. 
 Arg. a Chevron between three Crefcent Guk"s. On a wreath a Flower-de-Lis. 
 
 2d — Quarterly fix Coats the firft. Azure a Chevron Arg. between three Cinquefoils 
 Or. The fecond, Arg. within a border imgrailed a Lion Sable. The third. Azure a 
 Chevron Or. in Chief a Lion pafTant ot the fecond. The fourth, Arg. between a Chevron 
 ingrailed 3 croflTes forme fiche. The fifth, Ermin. on a Bend Gules 3. The fixth. Per 
 Pale azure and Gules, over all 3 Lions rampant. Arg. 
 
 A Scutcheon of Pretence quarterly. Or two Bars and a Canton Gules. 2 Vert a 
 Griffin Sergreant, in chief 3 elcallops Or. The 3d, as the 2d, the 4th as the ill, on a 
 Wreath of his Colours a Blackmore couped at the Knees, armed proper, about his head 
 ■a Bandage Arg. in his dexter hand extended a Goblet cover'd Or, the dexter Arm a 
 Kembo, Cooper. 
 
 At the South-weft end of the crofs Ille againft the wall is a beautiful Monument : — 
 
 Vert, a Griffin Sergreant Or. On a Chief indented Arg. two Croffes forme z Gul. 
 Collin, impaling : Paly of fix Or, and Gules a Bendarg. on a wreath of the Colours a 
 Talbots Head. 
 
 Near this place lies the Body of John Collin, efq. who departed this Life June 18, 
 1717, in the 45th Year of his Age. — He married Mary daughter of George Langford, 
 cfq. and Judith his wife, by whom he had ifTue fix fons and four daughters, Langford, 
 Alicl, Thomas, John, Samuel, and George, Anne, Mary, Judidi, and Anne; Anne, 
 Samuel, and George, died in their infancy before him, Abel Collin, died Auguft 8, 1 730, 
 Judith Collin, died February 7, 1 730-1. 
 
 * N His
 
 101 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTy. [sEC. tV.J 
 
 His widow in Memory of him ami his deceafed children has placed this. 
 
 Near this Monviment on the ground are three Graveftones laid clofe together: on the 
 
 firft is this Infcription :— , , • t -r l j t-» c ^ ^^ >. n 
 
 Here lieth the Body of Abel Collin, wno departed this Life the 2d Day of April A.D. 
 
 ''tHs Abel Collin, is the founder of the new Hofpital. Thomas is the father of John 
 Collin, who (though his Monument does not mention it) was alio an Alderman ot this 
 Town.' Lawrence was the grandfather of John, and the firft of the family who fettled 
 in thisTown at the end of the Civil-war. He had been gunner of the Caftle of Notting- 
 ham, as appears by a Mufter-Roll of the 27th of January, 1648. He is noticed in page 
 
 And alfo here lieth the Body of Thomas Collin, alderman, who departed this Life the 
 iSthDay of January in the 6ift Year of his Age A. D. 1706-7. 
 
 On the fecond : — 
 
 Here lieth the Body of Lawrence Collin, who departed this Life the 9th Day of Aug. 
 in the 9 1 ft Year of his Age, A. D. 1 704. 
 The third covers the laft gentleman's wife." 
 
 Jdditional Colle5lions. 
 In the chancel near the altar, a fmall tablet remembers the Rev. Mr. Beaumont, L L. B. 
 reftor, who died in 1773, aged 47. His widow died in 1792, aged 60. — Oppofite to 
 this is another placed to the memory of Mrs Elizabeth and Mrs Mary Alfop, the for- 
 mer died 1731, the latter 1751, and of Nathaniel Alfo, B.D. reftor of Church Langton, 
 in the County of Leicefter. — A pretty defigned one is to the memory of Lucy Gage, 
 wife of John Gage, Efq. who died in 1739. — It alfo remembers the Rev. John Gage, 
 reftor of Col wick, and W. Bridgcford, who died in 1 770; he was fourth fon of John 
 and Lucy Gage, above named. Their only daughter Lucy, who intermarried with 
 William Herrick, of Beaumanor, in the county of Leicefter, caufed this monument to 
 be eredted. 
 
 This infcription below, is corrected by a relation in an inftance or two : 
 Near this place is buried, Lucy Gage, who died March 15, 1739, daughter and heir- 
 cfs of John Mayo, Efq. of Hackney, in Middlefex, by Mary his wife, fourth daughter 
 and coheirefs of George Clark, Efq. of the fame place. The faid Lucy married John 
 Gage, Efq. 4th fon of Thomas Gage, Efq. of Bentley, in SufTex, by Juliana his wife, one 
 of the daughters and coheireffes of Robert Ca^far, Efq. of VVillian, in Hartfordftiire, 
 only fbn of William Gage, Efq. who was eldcft fon of Edward Gage, Efq. by Cleare his 
 wife, daughter of William Bendlofs, of EfTex, Efq. and one of the great grand fons of Sir 
 John Gage, of Firle, in the County of SufTex, Knight of the Moll Noble Order of the 
 Garter, &c. in the reign of Henry the 8th. The faid Lucy load iffue by John Gage, Efq. 
 four fons and one daughter, viz. Thomas, Charles, Ctefar, (John died an Infant) and 
 John ; Lucv married William Herrick, Efq. of Beau Manor, in the County of Leicefter, 
 by whom fhe had iffue, three fons and three daughters, two of which died in their Infancy, 
 Lucy married U ichard Gildart, Efq. of Norton-Hall, in the County of Stafford, William, 
 John, and Thomas Bainbrigge. 
 
 On
 
 [sec. IV.] OF THE TOWN GF NOTTINGHAM. JOj 
 
 On a mural monument : — 
 
 Near this place lieth the Body of Lamuel Lowe,, who died 30th of June 1770, aged 
 So years. — Alio of Mary his widow the 13th day of January 1775, aged 77 years. — - 
 Likewife of William Lowe, his Ibn who died the 25ch of Jiily j 788, aged 64 years. — . 
 Alfo of Ann his wife who departed the 7th of December 1 7S i, aged 47 years. 
 
 M^iny of theoldeft fbones in the fide aiflesjthe infcriptions oi'" which being wore away, 
 are replaced with brafs infcriptions. -^Spme families in this parilh have vaults within the 
 ehurch : one before the enlargment of the church was without. It was made for Mr.R. 
 Price, who died in 177S, aged 62. 
 
 On the floor-flones are infcriptions for the following aged people of the fame narjie : 
 John Radford, gent, died in 1774, aged 71. — Rev. Mr. Ogle Radtord, died in 1757, 
 aged So. — William Radford, died in 1770, aged 78. 
 
 Two paintings, which are placed at the altar here reprefent the Good Samaritan and 
 the Return of tkc Prodigal Son. The defign and execution of each appear decent j but 
 they are placed in a very bad light to judge of effeft. However, I find they were given 
 by a Mr. Elliot, a gentleman of Nottingham, who fometime fince changed his name, 
 from Stanford, to that of Elliot, for what, I am apprehenfive, no man in iiis fenfes 
 would fcruple to do, when a good eftate was to be the compenfation. 
 
 In the Church-yard, on a tomb : — 
 
 In memory of Matthew Heath, who died the 1 5th of January 1793, aged 59 years. — 
 On the other fide, — Here lies in hopes of a joyful refurredion, the Body of Sarah, wife 
 of Matthew Heath, who departed this life November 7, 1793, aged 57 years.- 
 
 Here the wicked ceafe from troubling, 
 And here the weary be at reft. 
 
 Mr. Matthew Heath, I am informed, from a very fmall beginning, as a cow-keeper, 
 acquired an opulent fortune ; perhaps the laft line of the above couplet might be intended 
 to allude to his unwearied induftry. The lines above call to my recolleiftion an extra- 
 ordinary perverfion of the fenfe of them, by ignorance. In Cuckney church-yard they 
 (land thus : — 
 
 There the wicked ceafe from trouble., 
 
 There the wary be at reft. 
 
 Could it be fuppofed that thefe lines, as they here ftand, were intended to inform us 
 that in this life the wicked have no trouble, and that the cunning have complete refb? 
 
 There is fomething pleafing in the following parental efi^ufion on a ftone in the church- 
 yard : — In memory of Sufanna, daughter of Hugh Atherftone, who died November 14, 
 1784, aged eleven months : — 
 
 Happy Babe fo foon efcaped 
 
 From this World of Woe and Strife, 
 Favour'd Pilgrim, early landed. 
 
 At the port of Blifs and Life. 
 
 There to joys in fong refounding 
 From the whole redeeming train. 
 
 Worthy is our GOD for ever, 
 Worthy is the Lamb that's flain. 
 
 Another parental tribute : — In memory of Ten Children of the name of Stubbings, one 
 of which died at the age of five, and the other at nine years, — 8 died infants. 
 
 The
 
 104 
 
 HtSTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTV. 
 
 [•SEC. IV.] 
 
 The Blooming Rofe fniiles with the morning fun, 
 
 Jult now looks gay, foon withers and is gone. 
 
 As Iwcctdt flowers goc fwiftly to decay 
 
 Our tender lives were quickly fnatch'd away; 
 
 For death's cold hand feized us unawares. 
 
 And took us from a World of Toils and Cares. 
 Among the almofl: numberlefs graveftone infcriptions in the church-yard, one is 
 flicwn as a curiofity. It it placed tu tlie memory ot" a Thomas Booth, a great deer- 
 ftealer, who died in 1752, aged 75, and efcaped the gaJlows. Old Tom was fo pleafed 
 with the epitaph, written tor him by a friendly humble poer, that he, it is faid, had the 
 graveflone by him lome time belore he died, widi the following lines thereon : — 
 
 Hcrf lies a Markfman, wlio witli art .iiid fkiU, 
 A\'hen Younj; and Sli'ung^ latBiuks and Doe- did kill, 
 >*ow con<im-i'd by grim Dealli (go Reader lell it) 
 He"? now look leave of Powder, Gun, and Pellet 
 A fat.il Dart, which in the dark did fly, 
 
 Has driipt me down, among the dead to lie. 
 
 11 any want to know the pour llave'i Name 
 
 •Tis ild TOM BOOTH, nc'r a(k fiom whence he came. 
 
 He's hither tent, and fure y fucli another, 
 
 Near iffu'd I'ront th.e Belly ot a Mother. 
 
 Many of his exploits were recordetr in the memories of thofe who were his companions, 
 in his hours of jollity. From them this hero's atchievments have palled current, in 
 the public-houfe circles, in Nottingham, where they will, probably, long aflift, with a 
 little enlargement and amendations, to give eclat or renown to the memory ot this dear 
 Jover of venifon, as the pretty talcs of Robin Hood, have done to that renowned hero. 
 
 One fhort ftory of our hero I will record. In Nottingham park at one time, was a 
 favorite fine deer, a chief ranger, which Tom and his v/iley companions had often cafl: 
 their longing eyes on ■, but how to deceive the keeper, v/hile they killed it was a talk of 
 difficulty. The night however, in which they accompliflied their purpofc, whether by 
 any fettled plan or not it is net known, they found the keeper at watch, as ufual, in a cer- 
 tain pbce in the park. One of them therefore vventto an oppofite direction, in the park, 
 and Hred his gun to make the keeper believe he had fliot a deer ; upon which away goes 
 the keeper, in hade, to the fpot, which was at a very confidcrable didance from the place 
 where the favourite deer was, and near which Tom Booth was fculking. 'J'om waiting 
 a proper time, v;hcn he thought the l;eepf r at a (ufficient diftance for accomplilliing his 
 purpofe fired and killed the deer, and dragged it through the river Leen undilcovered. 
 
 Booth, it is faid, was a ftout man, and by trade a whitefmith. 
 
 J Lisl of (be VICARS of St. NICHOLAS'S. 
 
 1267 
 1286 
 
 13''/ 
 1318 
 1 32 1 
 
 1329 
 
 1351 
 J 366 
 
 1.3^7 
 
 Will Bifliop. — — 
 Richard dc Wcrcmfworth. 
 Joliancs de Ludham. — 
 Herbertus Pouger. — 
 
 Willielmus de llkefton. 
 Galfridus de Willord. — 
 Gilbertuf de Ottrinaton. 
 Thomas Tiitil. — — 
 Riclurdiis Ka)m dc Gothiim. 
 Johannes Teinplcr. — 
 Johannes Deinby. — 
 
 'J'honui Lorday de Stanley. 
 
 1371 
 
 Willieinius de Bilham. - 
 
 Roger. Bampton vel Mempton. 
 1427 Willielmus Cokker. — ■ - 
 
 1432 Willielmus Weftthorpe. - 
 
 1435 Johannes Sanipfon. — - 
 
 1436 Johannes Hopwell. — - 
 1464 Nicholas Fift. — 
 1466 Uichardus Elkefly. — 
 
 147 1 Robcrfus Echard. ■ — - 
 
 1 476 Thomas Ttwe. • — 
 
 1477 Edmundus Holme. — 
 1497 Johannes Dale. — 
 
 1502 Thomas
 
 fSEC. IV.] 
 
 or THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 
 
 105 
 
 1502 Thomas Reyner. • — — ■ — 
 
 1503 Rcynaldus Marfhal. — _ _ 
 153J Alexander Pcnliill. — — • — 
 1533 Thomas Ward. — — — 
 15^5 Radulphus Shute. — — — 
 1588 Johannes Lambc. — — — 
 161 1 Robertus Malb.am. — ' — — 
 1622 Robertus Aynfworth, the laft incumbent 
 
 till after the reftoration. 
 
 1663 Job. Ayfthorpe, reclor of St. Peter's and 
 
 fcqucftrator. 
 
 1664 Blank for fequeftrator. — — 
 
 1665 to 1668 vacant. 
 
 1669 Samuel Leek, to 1672. 
 
 1674. v.icant to i6Si. — — 
 
 1682 Job. Simpfon. 
 
 1715 Johannes Abfon, A. M. — 
 
 1749 George Wakclicld, A. M." — 
 
 1766 George. Beaumont, L L. B. refigned. - 
 
 1773 Charles Wyldc, A. M. the prcfcnt 
 
 redor. (a; 
 
 Patron the King in 177^: — Incumbent Rev. C.Wylde: — King's book 2I. i6s. 8d. 
 — Clear yearly value in Bacon 15I. 7s. — 30!. Archiepifc. pro Syn 6s. — Archidiac. pro 
 Prox 6s. 8d. val. in mans, cum gardin. ibidem per ann. 8s. in oblat. dec. pafc. &c. pens, 
 annual fol. prior, de Lenron los. The King prefented in 1749. Lord Middlecpn in 
 1766. 
 
 DifTcnting places of worlliip are numerous in this place, partly owing, it is faid, to 
 the vaft population of Nottingham, efpecialiy in the parifh of St. Mary, fince the Ame- 
 rican war. In that populous and extenfive parifh, there is no chapel of eafe, a place 
 much wanted, and repeatedly attempted to be obtained, but without effedl. Terms 
 have not been oflFered altogether fuitable to the prefent incumbent's wifhes, who in a 
 bu.finefs of this fort, cannot be fuppofed to be adling fo much for himlelf as for his fuc- 
 cefTors, of whofe benefits and rights he is guardian, 
 
 HIGH-PAVEMENT MEETING. 
 The congregation here are called Preibyterians. This building forms a fquare of 
 brick, and appears of no long (landing. It is fpacious and well galleried. The con- 
 gregation confifts of many of the moft reipeftable inhabitants in Nottingham, either 
 with refpeft to opulence or charader. (b) 
 
 CASTLE-GATE MEETING. 
 This congregation are Calvinifts. This building alfo forms a fquare of brick. 
 
 a commodious place of worfhip, and is galleried. 
 
 It is 
 
 The congregation is numerous. 
 
 The BAPTIZING CALVINISTS 
 Have a Meeting-houfe near Collin's Hofpital, This building alfo is fpacious, well 
 lighted, and appeared well attended. 
 
 The QUAKERS 
 IT:-. Te of worfhip is facing the north-eafl: end of Collin's Hofpital, and almoft adjoining 
 ■it. This building, like the people who alfemble in it, is neat within and without. 
 
 O HOCKLEY 
 
 .(a) Thij Gentle.Tian is official of tSe Archdeaconry of Notiiogham, and one of his Mnjtlly's Jufliccsof Pcsci. Or ihe Ccimty. 
 (I)) The firfi Congregation of this People was formed in 1662.— Deerixc.
 
 |05 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTV. [sEC. IV. ]i 
 
 HOCKLEY-STREET MEETING, 
 Was built lately tor Weftlcy's people, and appeared to me the largeft of all the diflfenting 
 places of worfhip I vifited in Nottingham. This building is lofty and croudedly at- 
 tended. An efcutcheon for chelate Jady Huntingdon is placed over the head ot' the 
 
 preacher. 
 
 GENERA.L BAPTISTS, 
 Elave an octagon fmall building of brick, ereded originally for Mr. Weftley's people v 
 it was built about 30 years fince. 
 
 PAPISTS, 
 Have a fmall place of worfiiip in Srorcy-ftreet, King's-place. 
 
 I vifitcd the above places ol:' worfhip, on Sunday, March 29, 1795, in fome of which 
 I confequently could make but a fhort ftay. All the preachers, that I found teaching, 
 feemcd to have the fame end in view ; but all appeared in one way or other difTimilar in 
 the means of obtaining it. The peculiarity of the Qiiakers formed the greateft con - 
 traft. I found them filent, plain, but coftly dreffed ; many of the men fupporting their 
 reclined heads, like Ibldiers, with their miflive weapons, inverted, at the grave of a com- 
 rade ; the lovely fair fat penfive, but had lefs of fceming deprclfion. 
 
 Some teachers, at thefe feveraJ places, were imprefllve if not eloquent. A young maa 
 in Caftle gate meeting, where I attended in the morning, had an amiable manner, cor- 
 reifl in his language, ready, and often juft in his conclufions. 
 
 I was at Hockley-flreet meeting in the evening, and heard a preacher, whofe, manner 
 had to me, who am but little accultomed to iifc fuch places, peculiar attraftions. The 
 preacher was a middle aged man, and we muft fuppcfe, taught fiom the bell motives i 
 his text — a Time to Die. 
 
 He began by exhorting all to confider that they were to die. Although it was no novel 
 information, yet this exordium to his difcourfe might not be unprofitable ta fome ;• but 
 when he particularized, he was far fiom being charitable or happy. His portraits &f 
 human life pollened no melodious fweetnefs, no harmonious ray of light, all feemed pen- 
 ciled by a gloomy imagination, dark and difgurcful. He diiplayed the charadercfa 
 mifcr coarfcly. " This man loves gold and fitver, — houfes and land, — is rapacious, — 
 covets more than he has got,— He loves-guineas and flTiliings, and 'u.-enl part from a 
 penny to fave a poor creature from ftarving. — He has no God but his money, good 
 
 folks. — He never thinks of dying, no not he. What do you think will becom.e 
 
 of him when haloes ii\e? Ah! Why he'll be tumbled into the bottomlefs pit, by 
 
 the devil, or fome of his agents, a place full of fire, Imoke and brimftone ; and there he 
 raufl remain for everlalling. 
 
 'J here are others, good folks, no better than he is, and will fare no better ;. for what 
 do you think will become of card-players, people that go to plays, mafquerades, balls, 
 dancings, routs, aliemblies, and druiiken club.v, my brethren ? — Why they'll follow the 
 mifer, they'll all be jumbled — in the fame place of milery and darknefs." 
 
 After difphiying much iiigeuuily in this way, the fine lady was a charafler he placed 
 en the fore giound of the pidture-, of whofe beauty, form, and drefs, he fpoke in his ufual 
 manner : in which attempt he rather, indelicately, expofed the female. He (tripped her, 
 piece-meal, naked, before his congregation (fome of.which, perhaps the youth, feeling 
 
 the
 
 JSEC. IV.} OP THH TOWN O? NOTT /!JCII.A ^f. fVf 
 
 the impulle of nature, migiu not keep their thoughts over chaRc, even in this holy taber- 
 nacle) and then wrapped her in a vindiiig-fheei ; then compared her body and all that 
 die to a dead dog in a ditch, and iheie iinteehngly left her a prey to mag — ts and worms. 
 Oh ! indelicate idea.: Could a manly admirer ot the finell: torms of tiie Creation, even 
 
 at the cool age of fifty, but mark fuch indignity with a contemptuous abhorrence. 
 
 Lovely fex ! Thou on whom the Creator has beftowed fo much care and fo much 
 beauty in thy formation : Thou ! without whom man would be a comfortlefs fojourner, 
 here, amidft all the other beauties of the Creation, with what indifference art thou treated 
 by {vch/ullimi imitators of the great St. Paul. 
 
 This very learned and comforting preacher introduced the carcafe of a dead (linking 
 animal, I had almoft laid, to the very nofe of his congregation, " I never ice a dead dog in 
 a ditch but 1 think of my own mortality. I often rtop and look at fuch objefls full of 
 mag — ts, and there contemplate on my own mortality." Hence he inferred, that our 
 bodies would perifh, and be eaten by worms like that of a dead dog in .a ditch. 
 
 He'e I left the preacher and his hearers, with no gieat appetite lor my fuppcr. 
 
 Befides Plumptree Hofpital, noticed as a religious houfe above, here are feveral alms 
 houfes for the poor, 
 
 WOLLEY's BEAD- HOUSE, 
 Is fituate in Beck-lane. Thomas Wolley, the founder, in i 64.7, gave two cottages, &c. 
 for the ufe of three poor people. The miaifter, churchwardens, and overfeers, of the 
 parilh of St. Mary, who are in truft, have fince added apartments for two more. 
 
 HANDLEY's ALMS-HOUSES, 
 Stand in Stoney-ftrecr, over the middle of the building is this infcription, which will 
 lerve for information : — • 
 
 " Henry Handley, Efq. whofe body is interred in the church of Bpamcote, in the 
 County ot Nottingham, caufed this Alms-Houfe to be eredled for 12 poor people, and 
 did give one hundred Founds yearly, forth of his ancient Inheritance, Lands at and 
 near Bramcote aforefaid, tor pious and charitable Ufes, to continue for ever. Namely, 
 xlL for the Maintenance of the faid 1 2 poor people ; xx/. for a weekly .Lecture in this 
 Town; xx/. for a preaching and refiding Minifter, at Bramcote-, v/. for the poor of 
 Bramcote ; v/. for the poor at Wilford ■, x\s. to the poor of Beeilon •, xxs. .to the poor 
 of Chilwell -, xxj. to the poor of Attenborow and Toton ; xxj. to the poorof Stapleford ; 
 xxs. to the poor'of Irowell •, xxs. to the poor of WooUaron jand iv/. to the poor pri- 
 foners in the Gaols for the County of Nottingham yearly forever, and one third Bell to 
 
 the aforefaid church of Bramcote. This pious, mod charitable, and at this tiine moft 
 
 feafonable donation, as it delcrvedly perpetutatcs his Memory to be honoured by all 
 pofterity, fo it gives a moll worthy example for imitation.- He died the loth day of 
 June 1650." 
 
 WARTNABY's ALMS-HOU.SE, (a) 
 In Pilchergate, was founded by Ba'naby Wartnaby, in 1672. The mayor of Nottino-- 
 Ivam is ot the trult. It was founded for three men and three women, and amply en- 
 dowed. Upon the alm.s houfe this iufcription : — 
 
 " As 
 
 (a) Sec page Cj, Sc-flion 3. Among other gifti he gave to the poor of St. Mary's Lincoln, 10!. and the iikc fam lo llic poor cf 
 
 >sc\va:k-u})oii-Trcuu
 
 io8 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. 
 
 [sec. IV.] 
 
 " As God .-ibove out of his Love Let's pray for one another 
 
 Has given to me (lore. So long as we do live, 
 
 So I out of my Charity, That we may to God's Glory go, 
 
 Gave this Houfe to the Poor. To him that this did give. 
 
 Barnaby Wartnaby, 1665." 
 
 COLLIN'S HOSPITAL, 
 Is a noble foundation. Deering's account of this place : — 
 
 " Mr. Abel Collin, by his will dated February 4, i 704, left the remainder of his per- 
 fonal eflatc, (after all legacies and bequefts were fatisfied) to his nephew Mr. Thomas 
 Smith in truft for his building and endowing of Alms-Houfes, all which the faid gentle- 
 man like a good and trufty ftewaid, has faithfully performed to the utrnoft, in building 
 an ornamental, yet at the fame time fuitable fabrick, for the habitations of 24 poor men 
 and women in Fryer-lane in the year 1 709, commonly called the New-Hofpital. Thefc 
 poor have befides two decent rooms and as many light clofets, 2s. a week paid to them 
 duly every Saturday morning, and annually a ton and a half of coals. On the north 
 front of this light and airy building is this infcription : — 
 
 " This Holpital, by the appointment of Abel Collin, late of Nottingham, mercer, 
 deceafedj v,ho in his Life was of an extenfive Charity to the Poor of all Societies, and 
 at his Death by his laft Will and Teftament, left a competent Eftate for eredting and en- 
 i^owing the fame ; was by his Nephew and Executor Thomas Smith, begun and linifhed 
 in the year 1709." 
 
 BILBY's ALMS HOUSE, 
 In Coalpit-lane, was founded in 1709, for eight poor people, by William Bilby, a fl:oe- 
 inakcr, on the front of which is this infcription: — 
 
 " The llan y Science I profeft. 
 
 And Surgery withall, 
 
 The Chymical amongft the reft. 
 
 And Fhyfick rational ; 
 
 God gave and blefs'd 
 
 What I pofll'fs'd. 
 
 And part of it I lent 
 
 Unto the Poor 
 
 By William Bilby, in the 
 
 For evermore 
 So rais'd this Monument, 
 Ye Men of Wealth 
 V/hilft now in Health, 
 Flearken 10 the cryes, 
 Ihe Poor rcdrefs 
 And God will blcfs 
 
 Your Evening Sacrifice. 
 63d Year of his Age J 709." 
 
 LABOURER'S BUILDINGS 
 
 Stand without Chapel-Bar, was built for fix decayed ftockingm alters, out of the fortune 
 left by Jonathan Labourer, to Thomas Smith, Banker in Nottingham, fur chariuble 
 ufcs. 
 
 WILLOUGHBY's BEAD-HOUSES 
 On Malin Hill, are for five poor widows. Thomas Willoughby was the founder of this 
 
 charity which he properly endowed in 1525. Befidcs the above are fome others of 
 
 inferior note. 
 
 The COUNTY HOSPITAL, 
 Is a noble inftituticn, which lakes, within its healing wings, the fick poor, and lame, 
 
 trom
 
 [sec. IV.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. IO9 
 
 from any county ordiftricl: -, it flieds its mofl: comfortable influence far and near; it is 
 a iplendid ornament to the town, and deferves a more particular notice than the limits 
 of our puipole can indulge us with; but as fimilar inflitution?, to the honour of this 
 country, are common, perhaps, a minute detail of its hiltory and its ciTcdls, is but little 
 necelfary. 
 
 February rz, 1781, was laid the firfl: foundation (lone of this Hofpital or Infirmary. 
 On this occafion a number of gentlemen who had afTembled at the county-hall, went 
 thence, accompanied by the mayor and corporation in their formalities to attend at the 
 ceremony, where an atnazing concourle of people had pievioiifly aifembled: John 
 bmeilie, Efq. the then mayor, addrcffed the people in the words following : — 
 
 " I now come here, at the leqiiefl of the Comtnittee of the general Hofpital, to lay 
 the firfl: foundation Hone of that charitable Inftitution. I am well fatisfied it will be of 
 confiderable advantage to many fick and lame poor, in the prefent age. When I con- 
 fider the noble benefadlions and generous iubfcriptions that have been prefcnted, it af- 
 fords a pleafing profpefl: of its utility being continued to pofterity. Therefore, in my 
 official charadter, I think it my duty to give countinance and protedtion to fo laudable 
 an undertaking. 1 fliall be happy ifmycondudl meets with your approbation, and I 
 can allure you that the moft acceptable return you can make to me, will be to preferve 
 peace and good order on this folemn occafion. ,4 P 1 r . tt- ^ „ 
 
 This being ended, the firfl flofle was laid by the Mayor in the fouth-eaft butment. — 
 Silver coins of his prelent Majefty were placed under it, together with the following in- 
 fcription engraved on a brafs plate: — 
 
 " General Hofpital, near Nottingham, open to the fick and Poor of any Country. 
 On the 1 2th day of February 1781, John Smellie, Efq. Mayor of Nottingham laid the 
 firfl ftone of the building. The corporation gave the ground lor the faid Hofpital. — 
 John Simpfan, Archite£l." 
 
 The chaplain then read a prayer fuitable to the occafion, which being ended the 
 multitude gave three cheers, then the proceflion returned. 
 
 From the 13th annual report of the flrate of this Hofpital A. D. 1795, I have here 
 inferted the Benefactors and Legacies which the charitable have bellowed on this found- 
 ation. The annual Subfcribers towards its fupport, arc numerous and very refpedtable : 
 
 BENEFJCrORS. 
 
 His Grace the Duke of Kewcaftic, and the Corporation ot* Nettinghara, Two Acres of Land for building the Hofpital upon. 
 
 Garden, Uq. 
 
 £. s. £. s. 
 
 Arclilnfhop of York, his grace 
 Aldrich, D(. Cock^iudc, near Oiler-ton 
 Acklom, JuhaUian efq. V.'iifton 
 
 Eainiirig^e, Mr^. tlizahtth Woodburough 
 Beniinc k, Lord Ltlward M. P. 
 Boothi'} , Sir U'm. Ear. MaBstield Woodhoufe 
 Bury, Mrs • — Xouini^hann 
 
 Brillowu, Samuel efq.Xwyford, ne.ir Shard- 
 low, Dcihyihire 
 Rarnard, Rev. Mr. Corilin^llock 
 
 B.iiius, David efq. C hi-llcrhffld 
 
 Bournes, Ri'v. L. Dionfield, Derhyfhirc 
 Sru'.htr, Mr (an acknuwlcdyniuiU accepted 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 -5 
 
 
 
 000 
 
 
 
 XGO 
 
 
 
 ^0 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 31- 
 
 10 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 by tiim on wa\ ing a profccution) 
 Eurnell, Mrs — Southwell 
 
 Euxton, Mr. Julin Noltingliam 
 
 Bolion, Mr. Samuel (iitio 
 
 Civenriifh, l.ord Charles 
 Cli.uvortli, W. f-fq. Annctlcy 
 
 Ciyne, Dr KencUvorthy ncarCo\cnny 
 Coke, D. P. ffq. M. f. ' Derby 
 
 Coke, Rev. D. Broekliill-li.ill, nearMansfi. 
 Sir Gervas Clifion, ban, Clifton Grove 
 Cheflvn'i, Mifs Niiitingbam 
 
 Devonlhirc, his grace the d. of Chaifworih 
 D.iliwood, C. V. efq. Stanford-hall 
 
 10 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 so 
 
 
 
 5° 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 5» 
 
 Denifon, 
 
 o
 
 ItO 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. 
 
 [sec. IV.} 
 
 Drnifjn, Robert cfq. 
 Emmerlon, f.W.efij. 
 Elliuli, Willium erq. 
 Elliuii, William cui. 
 Edg», Thomas ef<j. 
 Evans, Rev. Mr, 
 Evans, Mr. F. — 
 
 Evans, Mifs F. 
 Franks, Mrs. Elit.iLclh 
 Gregor)', G. D. L. cfq. 
 Gregory, Mrs. Suf. 
 
 Offinjlon 
 
 Tlirumpion 
 
 Nouinghani 
 
 diuu 
 
 Bilborougli 
 
 Kotlinghani 
 
 ditto 
 
 ditto 
 
 c 
 
 Ilungerton-hall 
 Nottingham 
 Gilboume, Rev. T. Yoxal Lodg?, St.illurdfli. 
 Gawthern, F. efq. Nottingham 
 
 Green, Rev. \V. Hardinjham, Norfolk. 
 Gregory, Rev. Mr. -- L.mgar 
 
 Hayford, Mrs. — Oxton 
 
 Hayne, Richard efq. Nottingham 
 
 Holden, Robert efq. Darley, near Derby 
 Hurlh, Mark cfq. Nottineham 
 
 Heathcotc. Rev. Edward Eaft Bridglord 
 H.:ll, Rev. Robert -- Stubton 
 
 Jiifirmary, A Friend to 
 
 Jerrom, Mrs. — Nottingham 
 
 "Knight, John efq. M. P. Langold 
 
 Kaye, Rev. Sir Ric. bart. Dean of Lincoln 
 Kirkby, Rev. Richard Gcdiing 
 
 Lovet, Mrs. — Nottingham 
 
 Launder, Cornelius efq. ditto 
 
 Launder, Rev. A. C. - ditto 
 
 Lupton, Mr. ditto 
 
 A Lady unknown (by the h.mds of Mr 
 
 Holkin) 
 
 Morris John cfq. Nottingham 
 
 Middleton, Lord Thomas . — 
 
 Middleton, Lord Henry — 
 
 Montagu, Rt. hon. Frcdcr 
 Mufters, John efq. 
 Mundy, E. M. efq. M. P. 
 Mellor, A. cfq. — 
 
 -Mafon, Mr. J. B,il 
 
 ■k Popjilewiclc 
 
 Cc.l«'ick-h.ill 
 
 Shipley 
 
 Nottingham 
 
 ditto 
 
 Mente.tgh, Kiev. Mr. Clofcburn-hall, Dumf. 
 Newcuftle, his gr.ice the duke of Clumber 
 Nevill, Langfurd efcj. Nottingham 
 
 Newton, R. efq. Norton, Derbyfliirc 
 
 Oxton, The Town of (by Mrs Shcrbnioke) 
 Portland, hi-: grace the duke of Welbeck 
 Plumptrc, J. efq Fredvillc, Kent 
 
 Pierrepont, C, efq. M. P. Thoielby 
 
 Pinxton, The Pariih of (by the Rev. Dewes 
 
 Coke, of Brookhill-hall) — 
 
 Penalties arifing from convidion of different 
 pcrfons, for having brouj ht goods made of 
 
 20 o 
 
 50 o 
 
 50 o 
 
 50 
 
 31 10 
 
 10 10 
 
 10 10 
 
 10 10 
 
 20 o 
 too o 
 
 50 o 
 
 50 o 
 
 21 O 
 21 
 10 
 
 100 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 30 
 
 21 
 
 21 
 400 
 
 50 O 
 
 50 o 
 
 25 o 
 
 21 O 
 
 100 O 
 50 O 
 
 25 O 
 
 20 o 
 
 To O 
 
 300 o 
 
 200 O 
 
 100 o 
 
 50 o 
 
 50 
 50 o 
 
 21 O 
 
 10 10 
 
 300 
 21 
 10 
 ICO 
 200 
 100 
 100 
 
 50 
 
 ^. J. 
 
 cmbetzcled materials, (by two Magiftrates) 50 o 
 Poi'klinjton, R. efq. \Vinthorpe,nearNcwaik 11 o 
 
 Pofil, John cfq. Nottingham 21 o 
 
 Priaulx, Rev. P. E. Bridgford 21 o 
 
 Padley, Robert efq. Burton 21 o 
 
 P.n kcr, Mr. Hencage Nottingham 10 10 
 
 Kollefton, L. efq, Watnal 30 o 
 
 Roliinlon, jofeph efq. - Bulwell 21 o 
 
 Roliinfon, James cfq Papplewick 12 o 
 
 Smellie, John efj. and John Buxton, and 
 John Ball Mafon, gent, the Mayor, and 
 Sheriffs of Noitingh.im, inrtead oi the en- 
 tertainment on Michaelmas-day, 17S0, 
 
 Savile, Sir George bart. 
 
 Sherbrooke, Mrs, — Oxton 
 
 Smith, A, efq. 
 
 Sedlcy, hon. Henry 
 Smith, Robert cfq. M. P. 
 Smith, Samuel efq. M. P. 
 Sherbiookc, William efq, 
 Shewin, John efq. 
 Shering, John cfq. — 
 Stokes, Mifs Ann — 
 
 Stoke--, Mifs Millicent 
 
 Story, (. L. efq, 
 
 Strelley, Mrs. 
 
 Noltingh.im 
 
 Nuttall Temple 
 
 London 
 
 Nottingham 
 
 Arnold 
 
 Nottingham 
 
 ditto 
 
 - ditto 
 
 ditto 
 
 ditto 
 
 ditto 
 
 120 
 10; 
 100 
 100 
 5" 
 5" 
 50 
 50 
 50 
 4i 
 21 
 
 Spilfbury, Benj cfq. Willinglon, near Derby 
 Statham, Mai tin and Barnet, of Nottingham 
 an acknowledgment accepted by them on 
 
 waving a profeculion 
 
 Smellie, John efq. Nottingham 
 
 Shoiney, Mrs. di:to 
 
 Smith, Mr. Thomas (Hofie]) Hockley 
 
 Tiichlicid, Mod hon. the marquis of, M. P. 
 
 Thompfon, [ob efq. 
 
 Thjm, fun. Rev. \/. Bridgford 
 
 TJinvin, S. jun efq. Sutton-in-A(hlield 
 
 U ikr.own Perfon, by D. P. Coke, efq. M. P. 
 William-, Rev. Mr, - Nottingham 
 
 Ditto Second Beiiefadtion 
 
 Wright, Jclm efq. - Nottingham 
 
 Wiight, Thomas efq. - ditto 
 
 Williams, .Mrs, ditto 
 
 Walter, Rev. J._ Bingham 
 
 20 o 
 
 10 10 
 
 10 10 
 
 10 10 
 
 105 o 
 
 105 o 
 
 10 10 
 
 50 o 
 
 20 o 
 
 100 o 
 
 50 o . 
 
 50 o 
 
 50 o 
 
 50 o 
 
 Bcncfadl'lons under Ten Pounds. 
 Total 
 
 7004 10 
 202I. IIS, 9d 
 
 /"-207 I 9 
 
 I 
 
 Key, Mr<:. of Fu'ford, near York, licr 
 
 Executrix 
 
 Key, John efq. of cii;to 
 H^irris, Mifi of Notiingliam 
 Smellie, Al'tcrman fulin of diM 
 
 Copley, Mr5. of ditto 
 
 Tyc, Mr. Tho:7ias of ditto 
 I-nmyns, Georjt: ef<]. of ditto 
 NeeC.khnm, Mr. (Surfjeon) of ditto 
 Tnompfun,Ch:irlesefq. of Mansfield, 
 lool. Stock, in the 3 per Cents, 
 
 500 — 
 500 — 
 
 loo 
 
 loo 
 
 20 
 
 6 6 
 
 21 — 
 
 LEGACIES, 
 
 Froft, Mr, William Nottingham 
 
 Cuuifon, Mrs, ditto 
 
 T,aylor, Mr. [ohn ditto 
 
 loo — 
 20 — 
 50 — 
 20 
 
 Parnham, Mrs. Mary ditto 
 
 Wiili.ims, Rev. Edward Nottingham loo — 
 V/oUty, Mr. James Codnor, Derbyfh. 60 — 
 
 Botham, Mr. Thomas Nottingham 20 — 
 
 Revill, Thomas efq. Arnold 100 — 
 
 Chadwick, James Mmsfield efq. 500 — 
 
 Lotkitt, Mr. Henry Nottingham 40 — 
 
 Leaver, Mrs. Mary ditto — 50 — 
 
 Mcllnr, Abijah, efq. ditto 
 Strelley, [ofcph Colwick 
 Welby, William efq. Denton 
 Carruthers, Mr. Alderman 
 Stacy, Mr. Wm. Farnsfield 
 Warren, Mrs, Elii, Rifley 
 
 I 
 
 42 — 
 
 5 — 
 50 — 
 
 200 
 100 
 
 GsnsTii
 
 [sec. IV.] 
 
 OP THH TOWN OF N'OTTIXCII A^^. 
 
 irr 
 
 General Account of the Patients admitted ami difckargcd /nice the f.rf! Opening, Septeir.her 19^ 
 
 17S2, to March z.j, i]C)^. 
 
 In. 0:>l. 
 
 Remaining on the Books, March 25, 1794, — ■ 55 2H4 
 
 Admitted fince, of which niacty-on» were Accidents 
 
 Cured — — -~. 
 
 Relieved — — 
 
 At their own rcqueft and irregularity — 
 Non-Attcndancc, moft of whom were cured 
 Without Relief — — 
 
 Dead — _ _ 
 
 Out-Patients made In-Patients — 
 
 In-Patients made Out-Patients — 
 
 Remain on the Books, March 25, 1795, 
 
 Patients admitted and difchargcd, fince the firft Opening, t 
 September 19, 1782, to March 25, 1794, — 5 
 
 Admitted from Lady-Day, 1794, to Lady-Day, 1795, 
 
 Cured — — — 
 
 Relieved — — — 
 
 At their own requeft and irregularity — 
 Non-Attendance, moft of whom were cured 
 Without Relief — — 
 
 Dead _ _ _ 
 
 Out-Patients made In-Paticnts — 
 
 In-Patients made Out-Paticnts — 
 
 ReiKain on the Books, March 25, 17951 
 
 380 
 
 4062 
 
 826 
 
 I no 
 
 IIIO 
 
 7049 
 
 7049 
 
 Tot.il. 
 
 1151 
 
 1490 
 
 803 
 
 5« 
 16 
 
 53 
 
 7 
 
 25 
 
 52 
 
 112 
 
 364 
 1490 
 
 9960 
 1151 
 
 mil 
 
 69 1 1 
 
 1042 
 
 295 
 
 899 
 
 "3 
 
 24s 
 324 
 918 
 
 364 
 mil 
 
 Of this number, Sio perfons were admitted on fudden accidents, without any recom- 
 mendation-, and there have been, from the firft opening, 71 amputations, 13 breafts cue 
 off, 7 trepanned, and 1 9 cut for the ftone. — The average number for the laft year has 
 been 57 in, and 278 out patients. 
 
 To this foundation a Lunatic Afylum is about to be added towards the building of 
 which, by benefadions, legacies, and collections, there was in the treafurers' hands, 23th 
 of March 1795, 1764I. 6s. 2d. halfpenny. 
 
 Under this fedtion we place the population of Nottingham : 
 
 POPULATION. 
 
 There certainly appears a wonderful increafe in the population of Nottingham fince 
 the time o£ the oldell parilh Regiftersj but the number of fouls in Nottingham, at this 
 
 timc»
 
 112 HISTORV OF THE TOWN AND COUNT V. [SEC. IV.] 
 
 time, cannot, accurately from them, by calculation, be afcertained, partly, on account of 
 the variety of religious fcftaries now in this place, feveral of which baptize and bury 
 a-part from the relpeftive pariflies they live within. I will therefore content myfelf 
 with dating from each parifh regifter, an average of one of 5 years from the earlieft infer- 
 tions therein, and alio a flatement of the average of one of 5 years of the lateft infertions. 
 Gentleman who are curious, may in confequence, draw therefrom their own conclufions. 
 The opinions which prevail now in Nottingham relpcdting the number of fouls in that 
 place are a little various; but not materially fo : they are ftated from 25000 to 27000. 
 
 The regiflers, notwithflanding the great number of religious ledlaries in this place 
 who baptize and bury a-part from the ertabliOied church, fliew an aftonilhing increafe 
 of inhabitants in a little more than 200 years. Perhaps it may be attributed, in a great 
 meafure, to the manufadlory of hole, which was eftablilbed here foon after the date 
 of the oldeft regifters. 
 
 ST. MARY'S REGISTER, 
 A. D. 1567, and the four fucceeding years baptized on an average — 54. 
 
 — — — — buried — — 50 
 
 A. D. 1790, and the four fucceeding years baptized on an average — 840 
 
 — — — — buried — — 530 
 
 ST. PETER'S, 
 
 A. Dl 1572, and the four fucceeding years baptized on an average — 18 
 
 — — — — . buried — — 14 
 
 A. D. 1 790, and the four fucceeding years baptized on an average — 8^ ' 
 . — — - — — burled — ■ — 160 
 
 ST. NICHOLAS'S, 
 A.D. 1562, and the four fucceeding years baptized on an average — 8" 
 
 — — - — — buried — — 12 
 
 A. D. 1 790, and the four fucceeding years baptized on an average loS 
 
 — — — — bulled — — J42 
 
 The follov/it'g will (hew, although imperfecftly, on account of fome dilfenters living 
 ■within the pariflies, and not burying at the parifh churches, the wonderful increafe in 
 the population. It is taken from Dr. Price's calculation that one in 30 die every year. 
 
 : About the vear 1360, by the above tables of the burials, in Nottingham, died in a 
 year not more than 80 which gives 2400 fouls then in Nottingham. 
 
 About the year 1792, alfo, by the above tables of the burials in Nottingham, died, in 
 a year, about 832, which gives then 24960 fouls. This calculation it mult be undcr- 
 llood, includes fome dilFenters who bury at the refpeclive parilh churches. 
 
 If we flate, in addition, that there are 160 burials at the burial grounds of the di (Tenters, 
 in a year, it will add to the above 4800 fouls, which will give a total, together, of nearly 
 30000 fouls now in Nottingham. 
 
 SECTION
 
 fsEC. v.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 
 
 SECTION V. 
 
 A brief Hiflory of the Noblemen who have been dignfyd 'with the 
 Title of Earl of Notti^igham^ from the Co?ique/l ; to which is added 
 a Lifi of the Members of Parliament both for this Town and the 
 County at large — cojitittued from Deering to the prefent time. 
 
 ff ift FERRERS. 
 
 X HIS family owes Us original to Walcheliii de Ferriers or Ferrariis, a Norman, 
 whofe ion Henry de Ferrariis to whom king William the Conqueror, gave Tutbury 
 caftle in com. Stafford, aUb large pofiefTions in that county, Berks, Oxon, Wilts, Lin- 
 coln, Bucks, and Gloucefter, which Henry founded the Priory of Tutbury,. He was 
 luccceded by 
 
 Robert his third fon, (the two elder Eugenulph and William died during their father's 
 life) he was earl of Derby ; one of the witneires to the laws made by king Stephen in the 
 lirft y-ear of his reign •, he commanded the Derby fhire men at the famous battle at North- 
 allerton, where the barons gained a glorious victory over David king of Scots, for 
 which his fervice he obtained the earldom of Derby but died the year following, 1139, 
 and was fucceeded by his fon 
 
 Robert de Ferrers, earl of Ferrers and Derby, he filled himft;if according to Dugdale^ 
 Robcrtus Comes Junior de Ferrariis, and likewife Comes Junior de Nottingham, (a) as 
 appears among others by an ancient charter of his bearing date A. D. 1141, in which he 
 confirmed to the church of St. Ofvvakl of Notle, whatfoever Henry de Ferrers his grand- 
 father, Lugeiiulph de Ferrers his uncle, Robert his father or any of their wives or barons 
 had given before-time to that church: He was a benefaftor to the monks of Tutbury 
 in com. Stafford, to the canons of Notle, as has been faid, in com. F.bor, to the monks, 
 of Geronden, in com. Leictfler, and Cumbermfre, in com. Cheiler; moreover he found- 
 ed the priory of Derby, (which was afterwards tranflated to Deiley in that county) and 
 
 r the 
 
 1 Glovei'a Cjii!o3;'je of Hor.our, p. S£S.
 
 T14 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTV. [SHC. V.] 
 
 the abbey of Mcrcval cr Murval in com. Warwick. He died the I2th of Henry II, 
 1 165, nnd was fiicceeded by his only Ion 
 
 William dc Ferrers, earl of Ferrers and Derby, he certified the fecond of Henry II, 
 the knights fees he then held to be 79 in number-, he confirmed his anceftors grants 
 to the monks of Tutbury, and was a benefactor to the knights hofpitailers. fa) " He 
 was married to Margaret daughter and heir of William Peverel, whofe grandfather was 
 natural fon to William the Conqueror. The marriage rites of him and his countefs, 
 were performed by Thomas a Becker, archbifhop of Canterbury at Canterbury." He 
 died the 19th of Henry II, 1172, fucceeded by his fon 
 
 Robert de Fen ers, earl of Ferrers and Derby, as heir to his father, and earl of Not- 
 tingham, as derived by his mother, (who died the 19th of Henry II, tiie fame year and 
 month with his father.) He joined with the rebfllious barons the earls of Cheiler, 
 Leicefter, Norfolk, and others taking part with king Henry the younger (whom king 
 Henry II, had caufcd to be crowned in his lifetime;) and manned hi*, caftles of Tut- 
 bury and Duffield againft the father, alfo entered and deftroyed Nottingham then held 
 tor the king; but the old king prevailing over his enemies Robert made his fubmiilion, 
 rendering up his caftles of Tutbury and Duffiekl, and giving fccurity for his future 
 fidelity; but the king did fo little truft him that he forthwith demolifhed thofe forts. — 
 He founded the priory of Woodham-Ferrers in com. EfTcx, and died the firft of Richard 
 I, I i8q. His fon 
 
 William de Ferrers, eail of Ferrers fuccfeded him as earl of Nottingham and Derby, 
 but was the fame year outcd ofihei"e two earldoms by Richird I, who bellowed them 
 .cn his brother John ear! of Moreton. 1 his William was at the burning of Not'ingham 
 when his father made that fpoil there; he did not continue difpoiTclTed long before his 
 death, for attending the king to the holy-land he died at the fiege of Aeon fhe 3d of 
 Kichard I. He fon William fucceeded him, but not in the titles of Notting/iam and 
 Derby, nor do I find th.u any more of this family vv-ere earls of Nottingham, though 
 the peerage gives that title to four fuccceding earls of Ferrer^ : However this William 
 .vias,in-lhe fucceeding reign of king John created ear! of Derby i. e. the 7th of that 
 Jdng, by a fppcia! charter; he was girt with a fvvord by the king's own hand, (being the 
 firft 01 whom in any charter that exprellion was ufed) having likevvife a grant of the 3d 
 penny of all the pleas impleaded before the fheritf, through the county whereof he wass 
 carl, to hold to him and his hei/s in as ample a manner as any of his anceftors enjoyed 
 , the lame. 
 
 2d PL ANT A GENET. 
 
 John Plantagenct, wa-; 4th fon of Henry II, to him his brother Richard gave the 
 earldom of Nottingham and Derby, and to whom the king his father had before granted 
 the cafliie of Nottingham and the honour of Peverel. 
 
 '1 his title of earl of Nottingham it feems lay dormant till 1377, when the family of 
 the Maubiays obtained it. 
 
 3d MAUBRAY. 
 
 Joh:i dc Miubray, lord Maubray of Axliolm, by Eli/,ab?th Scagravc Lis wife, daugh- 
 ter 
 
 J Gl.jvcr'i Cata'.oEur oflljan-jr, p. 863.
 
 fsEC. v.] Og. THE TOWN Of NOTTINGHAM. 11^ 
 
 ter and heir of Margaret Brothcrton dutchefs of Norfolk, was bom at Epworth the 8th 
 day ot Augufb 1^65, and was created earl of Nottingham in the year 1377, on the day 
 or the coronation of king Richard II. This John died without ifUic being fcarce iS 
 years old, after whofe death king Richard beftovvcd the earldom oii 
 
 1 homas Moubray, his younger brother who was likewiie immediately after by the 
 fame king created duke of Norfolk. He alio died young at London about the fcaft of 
 St. Agath, the 8th ot February 1 38 1, the 6th of Richard II, and was buried at the friers 
 Carmelites in London. 
 
 Thomas Moubray, was created earl of Nottingham the 9th of Richard II. 1382, he 
 •was hereditary earl marfhal and duke of Norfolk the 2 i ft of Richard II. 1398 The ufed 
 to ftile himfelf duke of Norfolk, earl of Nottingham, Marflial of England, lord of Mou- 
 ■bray, Seagrave, Gower and Brews. This gentleman foon after he was created duke of 
 Norfolk was banifhed by king Richard, with Henry of L^incafter; the caufc of this 
 banifhment was, (a) tor that Henry duke of Hertford one day by chance coaferiir.g 
 with Thomas duke of Norfolk made many complaints unto him againft the king's ma- 
 jefty, all which being mifunderflood by Norfolk, he watched an opportunity to difcover 
 all the whole matter co the king, who being very much moved at it called duke Henry 
 before him, who ftiffly denied the accufation, pronouncing himfelf not guilty, and that 
 by arms he would retort the fault upon the accufers head, it it would pleafe his majefty 
 but to grant liiin leave. On the contray Moubray maintained what he had before af- 
 firmed; in the heat of this contention the day was alTigned wherein the combat fhould be 
 tried -, but the king confidering it was only for words (if any fuch were fpoken) was ad- 
 vifed by his council to forbid the combat, and feeing there was no certain proof in whom 
 the fault refted, and that neither might be held free, they were banilTiedi Henry had 
 moft favour for he was banifhed for ten years, and after it was decreed but for fix years, 
 and at laft before one year came about, was called home by the nobles, and caufed to 
 take upon him the crown ; but l"homas was longer exiled and farther off, firft travelling 
 into Italy, after v/ards to Venice, where with grief (bj he died September the 27th the 
 firfl: of Henry IV. He was firft married to Elizabeth Strange, his Hrft wife, Auguft 23, 
 
 , flie died without ifllie, and was daughter to Sir John Strange, fon and heir of John 
 
 lord Strange, of Blackmere. The fecond lady was Elizabeth cldell fifter and coheirefs 
 of Thomas Fitz-Alan earl of Arundel and Surrey, by her he had Thomas earl of Not- 
 tingham, and John duke of Norfolk : And three daughters, Elizabeth, Margaret and 
 Iflabell. 
 
 Thomas Moubray, eldefl fon and heir of Thomas duke of Norfolk, when the duke- 
 dom was beftowed upon his father by king Richard II, the earldom of Nottingham did 
 alio belong to him by cuftom of the land, as his father's eldeft fon, (c) he alio enjoyed 
 the marfhalftiip of England as due to him by inheritance. He died in the month of 
 May A. D. 14.05, in the 6th year of king Henry, leaving no children. This Thomas 
 had two ladies, the firft was Canftance daughter of John Holland, earl of Huntingdon 
 
 and 
 
 3 The Pe'^rDfc, p.irt :, vol. 2, p. 235, f^ys he w.i5 accufed by Henry of Boliiibrjki-, for v.-oicii iircgul.nly fpoken of the kin^, 
 &c. b Ihc ?<;i'riij;f fays he i.ied of the pcftilence at his rttuin from Jeriifaler.i. It fnumeratc-s many polh the king em 
 ployerl him in, an.l that he was made knii,ht of ihi- garter the Igth cf R^charJ II. c Dujdale fays, li-. never had the till" 
 of duke of Norfolk, nor any other but that uf earl Mari'hal.
 
 Il6 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [SEC. V.] 
 
 and duke of Exeter : The fecond was Elizabeth daughter of John of Gaunt, duke of 
 Lancafter. The earldom of Nottingham was after tranflated to 
 
 John Moubray, brother to this bir I'homas, which John in a parliament holden in 
 third year of I lenry VI, was reftored duke of Norfolk with his poiterity. He was the 
 5th of that name among the barons of Moubray. He died A. D. 1432, and was buried 
 in the abbey or houfe of Carthufians, within the ifle of Axholm in the nth year of 
 Henry VI. His lady v as Catherine daughter to Ralph lord Nevil, the firfl earl of 
 Weftmorland and Jane his wife, daughter to John duke of Lancafter, by whom he had 
 John duke of Norfolk, Anne, married to William Berkley, and Catherine, (a) 
 
 John lord Moubray, the 6th of that name of the barons of Moubray, duke of Norfolk, 
 earl Marflia!, cail of Nottingham, lord and baron of Seagrave and Gower fon and fuc- 
 ceflbr of John the 5ih duke ot Norfolk, in the dignities atorefaid. " This perfon died 
 A. 1). 1461, the firft ot Edward VI," (b) and lies buried by the high altar in the abbey 
 of Thetford. His lady was Eleonora daughter of William Bouchier, earl Ewe in 
 Normandy, and Anne his wife daughter of Thomas Woodftock duke of Gloucefter 
 by whom he had 
 
 John lord Moubray, the 7th of that flock and name, he was in the life time of his 
 father created carl of Warren and Surrey, by king Henry VI, and he came after the death 
 of his father by right of inheritance, duke of Nortolk, Marflial of England, earl of Not- 
 tingham, baron Seagrave and Gower. He died in his callle of Farmingham the 15th 
 of Edward IV, and was buried in the monaftcry of 'Ihetford, leaving only one daughter 
 and heir, who was by king Edward prefently married to his younger fon (c). 
 
 4th RICHARD PLANTAGENET. 
 Richard Plantagenet, of Shrewlbury, iecond fon of king Edward IV. enjoyed all thefe 
 honours in right ot his wife, and was alio earl Marflial and had the baronies of Moubray, 
 Seagrave and Gower, together with the vail inheritance of that family : He was made 
 knight of the girter by his lather, but with his elder brother king Edward V. was mur- 
 dered by his uncle Richard III. v/ho ufurped the throne under that title 1483. He and. 
 his wife both died ilTuclcfs. 
 
 5th BERKELEY. 
 The vaft inheritance of the Moubrays came next to the Howards and Eerkeleys, in 
 refped't of Margaret and Iflabel daughters to Thomas duke of Norfolk. Sir John Ho- 
 ward ten of Sir Robert Howard and Margaret coheir of Thomas de Moubray, was 
 created duke of Norfolk the zSth of June the lull of Richard III. as alfo earl Marflial 
 of England, and the fame day and year 
 
 William 
 
 a. Pccraic vol. 2, jmrt i, p- =',;, b t'.' ;■! of HCnry.V, lie wa<;,v.-il!i tSe kiof; nt lli3 ficgc of Ilsrflciw, the ^lli of IiL-m-y V, at 
 !hc lii-je ul' Cain in Nornir.ni.y, aiui cvirjiv.icd ibcre till tke dtatk.i.f ihattking. Tlic ul of Henry Vi, re'tsiiiorl in die kiiig'.s 
 *'ai-s. The 8:li iif Hc.Tiy VI, rctair.cd again 'n the king's war and made knjglil u! ilie garter b liiirt. p. 1^4. ile went 
 the 17th of Henry VI, e.T,!>a(bcU.r. t^ treat 0:' a peace bolwcon Wamc and Englar.d, the 23d of Henry VI, l.ci'i,; f onfirmed 
 <!ukv tf Norfolk, iic had a frant of a I'lac; an<i iV-at in parliamenl and ciicwlitre, next to the duke uf E,-:c!ei-, h^ was alfo. 
 kni;-,l.t of the (Trtei-; the acih ol Henry V!, he went in pilgrimage to Rome ; t!ie 3 "Ih of Henry VI, he had lu'ence to vifit 
 Ojker lu>!y platii, in irelwd, Scotland, Rrltiar.y, Ficarj'.y,. and Cologne, and the hloud of oar Saviour at Vvindifmark. As 
 alio a fecond jo'.iriity ij Home and fcrof.dcni, iiaving vowed to do it for the recovery of the king', health In th.c iiril of 
 J-dwLrd TV, he wai eun.'iituied jiilSice iitner.mt of all the ior'.-I',? fjuth of Trent. c' Aiine^ by !us larlv .Vlizrhctli daui'lilci 
 10 J'A.n T^bot, li..1 cf that family earl of SI relb-jry. ibid. '■ " .
 
 [sec. v.] of the town of NOTTINGHAM. II7 
 
 William lord Berkley, of Berkley caftle in Gloucefterfliire, Ton of James lord Berkley, 
 by UTabell daughter to Thomas duke of Norfolk was created earl of Nottingham ; king 
 Edward IV, in the 20th of his reign had raifcd him to the dignity of a vifcount. The 
 Peerage vol. i, p. 310, fays, '• That he afterwards adhering to the duke of Bukingham 
 in his defign of pulling down king Richard, he fled into Brittany to Henry duke of 
 Richmond," (alter king Henry VII,) by whom he was conftitiied earl Marflial ot Eng- 
 land, the 26th of Odlober, the firft of his reign, with limitation of that office to the heirs 
 male of his body." [Peerage, ibid. " He was alfo advanced to the dignity of mar- 
 quis of Berkley, the 4th Henry VII, January 2i:th. He was famous for his great difpute 
 with Thomas vifcount Lifle, about certain lands in contell between them, who upon a 
 challenge fent him by the faid vifcount, meeting with otheis on both fides, the vifcount 
 was flain." He married three wives, but left iflue by none of them, and taking occa- 
 fion to except againft his brother Maurice as his fuccelTor, becaufe he had not married 
 with a perfon of honourable parentage, gave all his lands from him, particularly the 
 caftle of Berkley, and thofe lands and lordihips that were the body of that ancient barony, 
 to the king, a good part of which remained in the pofTcflion of the crown 'till the death 
 of king Edward VI, fo that Maurice enjoyed nothing of the honour. 
 
 6th FirZ-ROY. 
 
 Henry Fitz-Roy, natural fon to Henry VIII, by Elizabeth daughter to Sir John 
 Blount, knight, the lady Talboife ; he was created duke of Richmond and earl of Not- 
 tingham, He was but fix years old when ihefe titles were conferred upon him, (a) at 
 which time alfo he was conftitued lieutenant-general of the king's forces, north ol Trent, 
 and warden of the marches of Scotland, and foon after admiral of England •, the 2 2d of 
 Henry VIII, made lieutenant of Ireland, Sir William Skeffington being conllituted his 
 deputy. He ftudied at Paris with Henry earl of Surrey, there was a great friendfhip 
 between them on the fcore of their education together, which occafioned our earls inter- 
 marriage with Mary daughter of Thomas Howard, duke of Norfolk and fiffer of the 
 earl of Surrey, but by her had no ifllie. He was created knight of the garter (b) the 
 24th of Henry VIII, he went bravely attended to meet king Henry at Calais, at an in- 
 tended interview between the Englifh and French kings. He died the 28th of Henry 
 VIII, 1536. 
 
 7th HOWARD, of Effingham. 
 
 Charles lord Howard of Effingham, fon of William Howard head of the eldeft co- 
 lateral branch of the Howards ; was in his father's life time one of thofe noble perfons, 
 who by the command of the queen, the 13th of Elizabeth, conduced the lady Anne of 
 Auftria daughter to Maximilian the emperor, from Zealand into Spain, and in the i6th 
 of Elizabeth was inftalled knight of the garter. In the 28th of Elizabeth upon the 
 death of Edward earl of Lincoln, lord high admiral of England (being then lord cham- 
 berlain to the queen, as his father had been before him) he was conllituted his fuccelfor 
 in that great office, whereupon anno dom. 15S8, the 30th of Elizabeth when the Spanilh 
 
 * P Aimada 
 
 a Glover's Catalogue of Honour, p. 404 — All in one day, viz, the iStli of June 1525, the 17th of Henry VIII. at the palace of 
 Bridewell; he was alfo at the lame time created duke of Sommerfct. b But died foun after, viz. the 22d of July 1335, in 
 the 27th year of Heury VIII. in bis father's houle at St. James's near Weflniinfler. His bodv was carried to Fariuingliam^ 
 in Suffolk, and there lies buried. Glover's Cat, of Hun,
 
 Il8 HISTORY OF THE TOWM AND COUNTY. [SEC. V.J 
 
 Armada threatened an invafion here ; he was conftituted lieutenant-general of the queen's 
 whole fleet at iVa, whole fuccefs therein fully anfwered the queen's opinion of him, as 
 well knowing him to be a perfon of great knowledge in maritime affairs, difcreetly 
 wary, truly valiant, induftrious in aftion, and finally, one whom the failors entirely 
 loved. 
 
 In the 39th of Elizabeth, when farther danger threatened from the Spaniards, who 
 were joined with the rebellious Irifh, he was made joint general of the Englifh army 
 with Robert earl of Effcx, for the defence of this realm, doth by fea and land, viz. 
 Eflex for the land, and he for the fea. In which year alio he was made juftice itenerant 
 of all the forefts fouth of Trent for life ; and not many months after in confideration of 
 his eminent fervices againft the Spanifli Armada, as alfo for faeking Cadiz in Spain, 
 and deftroying the SpaniOi fleet in harbour there -, he was advanced to the dignity and 
 title of earl ot Nottingham, as defcended from the family of Moubray, iome of which 
 had been earls of that county before. In the 41ft of Elizabeth, ftill continuing in high 
 reputation at court, the Spaniards again ftirring, he was conftituted lieutenant-general of 
 the queen's land forces and in the 44th of Elizabeth he was made one of the commif- 
 fioners for executing the office of earl Marflial of England. 
 
 In the firft of James I, prcceeding his coronation, he was made Lord Great Steward 
 of England for that cccafion, and the next year renewing the commifllon to feven of the 
 great lords, for executing the office of earl Marffial of England, he was continued one 
 of that number, but in the 17th of James I. he furrendered his patent for the office of 
 lord Admiral, which was given to the marquis of Buckingham. 
 
 This noble earl's firft lady v/as Catherine daughter of Henry (Clary) lord Hunfdown, 
 (a) by whom he had ilfue two fons, the firft William, who married Anne daughter and 
 fole heir, to John lord St. John Bletfhoe, but died in his father's life time, leaving iflue 
 Elizabeth his only daughter and heir, married to John lord Mordaunt, of Turvey, in 
 com. Bedford, afterwards earl of Peterborough. 
 
 The fccond was Charles, who fucceeded him in his honours ; he had alfo 3 daughters 
 Elizabeth, Frances and Margaret. 
 
 To his fecond lady he married Margaret daughter to James Stewart earl of Murry in 
 Scotland, which Margaret was naturalized in the parliament of the ift of James I. by 
 whom he had ifllie two fons, James, who died young, and Sir Charles Howard, knight, 
 and died the 2 2d of James 1, having been knight ot the garter 52 years, being then- 83 
 years of age. 
 
 Charles, his ftcond fon fucceeded, (the elder as has been faid dying before the father 
 
 without iffue male) he lii ft took to wife Charity daughter of White, and widow of 
 
 Leche of the city of London; afterwards Mary daughter of Sir William Cockaine, kt. 
 and alderman of London, by whom he had noifliie-, thirdly Margaret daughter to 
 James earl of Murry in Scotland, by whom he had iflue James, who died unmarried. 
 
 Ch.ulcs farcecding him in his honours, married Arabella daughter of ■ Smith, 
 
 efq. but died without iffue 168 i, upon wliole deceafe fhe barony defcended and came to 
 Francis Howard, of Grcat-Buckham, in com. Surrey, the next heir male, &c. 
 
 8th FINCH 
 
 a He was the fon of V/iUi.m Clary by liiS wife Mary Biillcn, fifter to Queen Anne Bullcn.
 
 [sec. v.] of the town of NOTTINGHAM. M51 
 
 8th, FINCH. 
 
 The firftof this collateral branch railed to tlie dignity of peerage was Sir Hensao;e 
 Finch, knight, who being a great proficient in the ftudy of the laws in that honourable 
 focicty of the inncr-tcmple London, was upon the happy reftoration of king Charles II. 
 made Iblicitor general, and the ntxt year autumn-reader of the before Ipccifird inn of 
 court anno 1663 ; in the i 2th of Charles 11. he was by the name of Sirllencage Finch, of 
 Rauniton in com. Buck, advanced to the dignity of u baronet, and in the zzd anno 1670, 
 conftituted the king's aitorney-grneral. Anno 1673, he was made keeper of the great 
 feal, and fhortly alter created a baron of this realm, by the titles of lord Finch of Da- 
 ventry, in com. Northampton, (being then owner of that manor) and linally in the jjd 
 of Charles II. advanced to the dignity of earl of Nottingham. Me married Elizabeth 
 daughter of fianiel Harvey, merchant of London, by wliom he had iilue ten fons : 
 Daniel, Heneage, (the fecond fon, after lord Guernfey) William, Charles, who died un- 
 married ; Edward, Henry, and Kobcrt, who alio died unmarried, Edward, John and 
 Thomas, being belore dereafed. Alfo four daughters, Elizabeth married Samuel Grim- 
 fton, at that time ion and heir to Sir Harbottle Grimltone baronet, mailer of the rolls, 
 Mary and Anne deceafed, and an other Mary. This earl dying anno 16S2, was fuc- 
 ceeded by 
 
 Daniel earl of Nottingham, he was a perfon profoundly learned both in the laws and 
 divmity •, diftinguifhed by many eminent polls in the reign of king William III. queen 
 Anne and king George I " In the year 1720-1, the univerfity of Oxford in a full con- 
 vocation unanimoufly decreed, --1 hat the I'olemn thanks of that univerfity be returned 
 to the right hon. the earl of Nottingham, for his noble defence of the chrillian- faith 
 contained in his lord fhip's anfwer to Mr. Whifton's letter to him, concerning the eter- 
 nity of the Son of God and the FIoly-Ghoft, and that Dr. Skippen, vice-chancellor, 
 William Bromley and George Clark, elqrs. reprefentatives of the univerfity, wait on the 
 faid earl, and the prefent to his lordfliop the thanks aforefaid of the whole univerfity." 
 Collin's Peerage, vol. 2, p. 234-5. — In the year 1729, John earl of Winchelfea dying 
 without ilfue, that title devolved to his lordfhip, who departed this life the ift of Jan. 
 1729-30. 
 
 This noble lord was married firft to lady Eflex Rich, 3d daughter and one. of the co- 
 heirs to Robert Rich eail of Warwick, by whom he had iflue one only furviving daughter, 
 the lady Mary, married firft to William Saville, late msrquefs of Halifax, and fince, anno 
 1707-8, to John duke of Roxborough, of the kingdom of Scotland. His fecond lady 
 was Anne onlv daughter of Chriflopher lord vifcount Hatton, (by his firft wire Cicilie 
 daughter of John 1 uiton earl of Ihaiiec) by whom he had ifi*ue five fons and nine 
 daughters. 
 
 Daniel, then earl of Winchelfea and Nottingham, William, John, Henry, Ed- 
 \vard; the lady Eflex, eldeft daughter; the lady Charlotte, lady Anne, who died 
 young, lady IlTabella, lady Mary, lady Henrietta, lady Elizabeth, lady Frances and lady 
 Margaret. 
 
 Daniel, earl of Winchelfea and Nottingham, was eleded one of the knights of the 
 fhire tor the county of Rutland in tne 9th year of queen Anne, and ferved for the fame 
 county in all parliaments whilft he continued a commoner: On the acceilion of his 
 
 Majefty
 
 ,20 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [sEC. VI.] 
 
 Majefty king George, he was appointed a gentleman of the bedchamber to the Prince of 
 Wales, at the fame time his father was declared lord prefident of the council, alfo the 
 loth of Oclober 1715, he was conftitued one ot the lords commiflloners of the trealury, 
 and refigncdall his employments on the 20th of February 1715. His lordfhip was 
 made comptroller of his Majcfly's houfhold May 24, 1725, which office he voluntarily 
 refigned atrer he fucceeded his father as earl. In the year '729, his loidfhip married 
 Frances Fielding, daughter of the right honourable Bafii, earl of Denbigh, by whom he 
 had iflue one daughter, lady Charlotte, and her ladyfhip dying in September 1734, at 
 Wentworth-houfe, in Yorkfhire, the feat of his brother-in-law Thomas earl of Malton. 
 He married in January 1737-8, Mary daughter and coheir of Sir Thomas Palmer, of 
 Wingham, in Kent, baronet, by whom he has had alio iflue, feven daughters." 
 
 George Finch, the prefent earl of Nottingham, fucceeded his uncle, Daniel, at his 
 death, Auguft 2, 1769, in titles and eftate. He was appointed in 1777, one of the Lords 
 of his Majefty's Bedchamber, and in 1779, Lord-Lieutenant and Cuftos rotulorum of 
 the County of Rutland. 
 
 TITLES — George Finch, Earl of Winchelfca, Earl of Nottingham, Vifcount Maid- 
 ftone, Baron Fitzherbert ot Eaftwel, Baron Finch of Daventry, and a Baronet. 
 
 Chief Seats of this Nobleman are: — 
 
 Burley in the county of Rutland, Ramfiion in the county of Buckinghamfhire, and 
 Eafttvel in the county of Kent. 
 
 SECTION VL 
 
 I'he Prefent State. 
 
 N. 
 
 OTTINGHAM flands upon a fandy rock, and is one of the central large Towns 
 of England. Its fite, in the County, is on the fouth-weft borders of the ancient foreft 
 ofShirewood. It is watered by the little river Leen, a flream which pafTes into the 
 Trent, navigable before the Conqueft, 
 
 Nottingham, from the bridge, which fpans the trent, forms a bold and majeftic figure. 
 The view annexed, was taken on the banks of the river trent, near the bridge ; from 
 which the reader, unacquainted with the profpeft, will form his own judgment of the 
 propriety of the aflTertion. In the early pages of this hiftory, we have fpoken of its an- 
 tiquity,
 
 SEC. VI.] 
 
 OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAMl 
 
 ITT 
 
 tiquity, we fhall now particularize its prefent ftate under various Iieadi : — beginning 
 ■with the civil government, and in feveral inftances make confiderable quotations from 
 Deering's book, applicable to our own. 
 
 It has been noticed early in thefe pages, that the Peverel Court, which was of ancient 
 inftitution, and of great jurifdiction, was held in Nottingham, in a chapel dedicated to 
 St. James, and that this town was within its jurifdiftion till the 9th of Edward II. — 
 The other places of the county, over which it hadjurifdiftion, are as follow : — 
 
 Nomina Villarum infra Honor em PEVEREL in Comit. Noit. 
 
 " Adbolton p. fe et cum Cothinftock. 
 
 Aldefworth alias Arfworth. 
 
 Annefley. 
 
 Afpley. Arnold. 
 
 Adinburgh. 
 
 Aflert de Heywood in Foreft. de Sherwood. 
 
 Albodton. 
 
 Aram alias Averham alias Arum. 
 
 Barton a Manor. 
 
 Bridgford a Manor, 
 
 Baflingfield. 
 
 Basford. 
 
 BrinQey. 
 
 Beefton. 
 
 Bramcote. 
 
 Bilborow. 
 
 Broxtow hundred. 
 
 BuIwelJ. 
 
 Barnefton alias Bareftoll. 
 
 Blidworih. 
 
 Brodlon. 
 
 Bunney. 
 
 Bradmore. 
 
 Bingham. 
 
 Beavall. 
 
 Burton-Jace, 
 
 Barnby. 
 
 Bagthorp. 
 
 Blealby cum Membris. 
 
 Clifton. 
 
 Conard alias Conorde. 
 
 Codlingftoake. 
 
 Coflal alias Cotefliall. 
 
 Colfion-Bafret. 
 
 Colwick Weft. . 
 
 Colwick Eaft. 
 
 Cropfhall alias Cropwell-Butler. 
 
 ClipfOw. 
 
 Cleadon alias Cleidon. 
 
 Carleton juxta Nottingham. 
 
 Codgrave. 
 
 Caunton. 
 
 Chilwel. 
 
 Cromwell. 
 
 Curline. 
 
 Carleton North. 
 
 Carlton Chelmerton. 
 
 Eftwicke. 
 
 Eaftwood alias Efthwicke. 
 
 Eperftone alias Eperftowe. 
 
 EfFord. 
 
 Edoulton. 
 
 Ernefbya. 
 
 Eftwaite. 
 
 Eftnortherwicke. 
 
 Edingfield cum Halam. 
 
 Foreft of Sherwood. 
 
 Flinton alias f linlham. 
 
 Farnesfield. 
 
 Fiikerdow. 
 
 Fledborough. 
 
 Gunfton alias Gunnalfton. 
 
 Greafley. 
 
 Gamfton alias Gonclfton. 
 
 Grefvile alias Grefwell. 
 
 Glapton. 
 
 Gedling. 
 
 Geftock. 
 
 Gotham. 
 
 Grefthorp cum Normanton. 
 
 Hucknair.
 
 112 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. 
 
 [sec. V].] 
 
 Hucknall, 
 
 Hucknall Torkard. 
 
 Hempfhall. 
 
 Hasvkefworth. 
 
 Hickling Manor. 
 
 Hockley alias Hochelia. 
 
 Hanne alias Hiilme. 
 
 Hubenia alias Haverfhaw. 
 
 Hovringham Manor. 
 
 Hallowton cum Blidworth. 
 
 Kingfton jiixta Ratcliffe. 
 
 Kirlington Kirdiington cum Normanton. 
 
 Kimberley. — Key worth. 
 
 Kellam-Manor.— Kirkbywoodhoufe. 
 
 Kjrkbyin Afhfield. 
 
 Lenton. — Langor. — Lindby. 
 
 Leake parva, 1 „. 
 
 Leake magna, / Manors. 
 
 Lambley. — Lowdham. 
 
 Moore Green. 
 
 Morton Mufkham Bathley cum Holme. 
 
 .Menenton.-Markham South. -Mark. N. 
 
 Markham North and South cum Carleton. 
 
 M.apfebeck cum Kneefal alias Kerfal. 
 
 Normanton and Kingfton.— Newbould. 
 
 Norwell and Blidworth. 
 
 Nuihall alias Northall. 
 
 Ollaverton alias Oljerton. — Oxton. 
 
 OfTington cum Carleton. 
 
 Papplewick. — Plumptree. 
 
 Radford Manor. — Ruddington. 
 
 Remfon alias Rempfton. 
 
 RadclifFe fup. Trent. 
 
 Sibthorpe. — Staunton.— Stapleford. 
 
 Strelley. — Sutton fup. Trent. 
 
 Sutton Bonington.-Selfton alias Skelfton. 
 
 Schreveton. — Sherwood Foreft. 
 
 Sioke Bardolph. — Sutton Pafreys 
 
 Sutton Baffet.—Somervile.—Saxendale. 
 Stoke juxta Newarke. — Slegby. 
 Shupton. — Suttomeering. — Sierfton. 
 Southwell, in membris,— Stanford. 
 Stathorp. — Snenton. 
 
 Thrimpfton alias Thrumpfton. — Toton. 
 Tithby.— Thorp.— Thorp juxta Remfon. 
 1 horowton. — Trowell. 
 Towton alias Taunton. 
 Tokefworth alias Tuxford. 
 Thurgarton a Leigh Hundred. 
 Thimerton.— Teidfhall. 
 Upton and Morton. 
 Wilford — Willoughby.— Wiverton 
 Wyfall.— Wefthorp.— Wollaton. 
 Watnoll alias Watners.— Woodborough 
 
 VVidmerpool— Wannefley.— Wefton. 
 Winkboine cum Hock." 
 
 m.:'uit:iVr''''u7 '^r.r """"' *= °«- ^sheriff!; cha^s „ t": 
 
 Sheriffs have cnch^fh.!' f'\'^''^'y^'^'P on Wednefday every fortnight. The 
 Bill b " T r: s an O^er o? the T " ^"n'^ '/ -ore'infer.olr Officer called a 
 n.ent and ftreets of ^o^f a dl^'ndT uT>on t e ^ T '"""^7' ^'f .^"^"^^ ^° '''' P^^^' 
 
 ^^eTo.n, a^.^S-^t2Sl?S^-^^-L:^^^ , 
 
 and
 
 ["^EC. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. ll^ 
 
 and Bounds of the Foreft, but not within View and Regard : The Town hath long made 
 that chiim of difcharge, and it hath been allowed them in Eyre. 
 
 There are very t.ir pofTefTions belonging to the Corporation, Tome in general, and 
 fome for particular ufes, as tor the maintenances of theii Free School, and their coftly 
 Trent Bridges, called Heathbet Bridges. 
 
 It was a rich and flcurilhing place when the Staple was up at Calays, fince it hath been 
 deftitute of any gainful or benencial trade. 
 
 Yet fince the late war, wherein thisTown happened to be of the conquering fide, there 
 are many houfes new builded, and the greatell part of the good Barley which grows in the 
 Vale of 5f/t'cjyr, and the adjacent parts, is there converted into Malt, yielding thereby, 
 as I fuppoie, more profit to the place than ever Wooll did heretofore, or the Manufafcure 
 of coloured cloath, which it was famous for long before Calais became fubjeft ro this 
 Crown." 
 
 The body corporate of Nottingham now, 1795, confifl: of a Mayor, from the Alder- 
 men, Mr. C«««/ i Rccoider, Duke of Portland; Mr. Huthwait, Mr. How U, Mr. Green, 
 Mr. Oldknow, Mr. Lowe, and Mr- Hornbucle, Aldermen, feven including the Mayor -, 18 
 Senior Council, chofen/ro»; the Burgefl"es at large, who have ferved the Office of Sheriff; 
 and fix Junior Council chofen by the Burgefles at large. The Chamberlains and She- 
 riffs are chofen annually ; the Coroners fometimes hold their office for feveral years. 
 
 The Mayor of Nottingham is nominated the 14th of Auguff, out of the body of Al- 
 dermen, and takes place the 29th of the fucceeding month, on which day the Sheriffs 
 and Chamberlains are chofen. Of courfe, fome good eating and drinking follow: the 
 dinner is a cold collation, with plenty of good wine, Sec. Deering fpeaking of this en- 
 tertainment, in his time, fays, " that the Mayor and Sheriffs welcomed their gueft with 
 bread and cheefe, fruit in feafon, and pipes and tobacco.'''' I apprehend that there are very 
 few corporation feafts now, where bread and cheefe are taken as the principal fare. 
 
 Deering has this paragraph refpedling the ceremony on the 29th of September : — 
 
 *' Divine-Service ended, at St. Mary's Church, the whole Body goes into the Veftry, 
 where the old Mayor feats himfelf in an Elbow-Chair, at a Table covered with black 
 Cloth, the Mace being laid in the middle of it, covered with Rofemary and Sprigs of 
 Bay, (which' they term burying the Mace) then the Mayor prefents the Perfon before 
 nominated to the Body, and atter it has gone through the Votes of all the Cloathing, the 
 late Mayor takes up the Mace, kiffes it, and delivers it into the Hand of the New Mayor, 
 v/ith a fuitable Compliment, who propofes two Pcrfons for Sheriffs, and two for the 
 Office of Chamberlains, thefe alfo having gone through the Votes, the Mayor and the 
 reft go into the Chancel, where the fenior Coroner adminifters the Oath to the New 
 Mayor, in the prefence of the Old one, next the Town Clerk gives to the Sheriffs and 
 Chamberlains, the Oath of their Office. The Ceremony being thus ended, they march 
 in order as before, to-.theNevv Hail, attended by fuch Gentlemen andTradefmen, as have 
 been invited by the New Mayor and Sheriffs : In their way at the Week day Crofs, over 
 againft the ancient Guild-Hall, the Town-Clerk proclaims the Mayor and the Sheriffs, 
 and the next enfuing Market-Day, they are again proclaimed, in the Face of the whole 
 .Market, at the Malt-Crofs." 
 
 The
 
 124 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNt<y. [SEC. VI. J 
 
 The fubftance of the charter of Henry the fixth, by which the corporation at this day 
 regulate their affairs, or ad under, is given thus by Deering : — 
 
 " He incorporates the laid Town by a new name : To wit. Mayor and Burgefles of 
 the Town of Nottingham, on the date, to wit, 28rh of June 1449- 
 
 The Town from the 15th of September 1449, viz. the 28th of Henry VI. to be fepa- 
 ratcd for ever from the body of the County of Nottingham, except the Caftle and the 
 King's Hall, v;herein is the County Gaol : And to be for ever called the County of the 
 Town of Nottingham. 
 
 And inftead of two Bailiffs, to chufe two Sheriffs, who fliall continue from the 15th of 
 September till Michaelmas-Day next, and till two new Sheriffs ffiall be chofen for the 
 then next year. 
 
 The Mayor and Burgeffes on Michaelmas-Day yearly, ffiall chufe two Sheriffs, as 
 they were wont to do Bailiffs, who fhall take their Oath of Office before the Mayor, 
 who ffiall the Sheriffs names return, under their Seal, within twelve days after the 
 Eledion. 
 
 The Mayor fhall be the King's Efcheator, in the faid Town, and no other. 
 And that the Mayor and Sheriffs, and their Succeffors, fliall have for ever in the faid 
 Town, the power, jurifdiftion and authority, that other Efcheators and Sheriffs have, 
 clfewhere, in the kingdom of England. 
 
 And that all Writ, &c. which before had been wont to be executed by the Sheriffs of 
 Nottingham, or Bailiffs of the Town, within the fame, fhaJl after the faid 15th day of 
 the month of September aforefaid, be diredted to the Sheriffs of the faid Town. 
 
 The Sheriffs to hold their County Court for the faid Town, on Monday, from month 
 to month. 
 
 That the faid Burgeffes and their Succeffors, fhall for ever, have a Court there at plea- 
 fure, of all contrafts, covenants, trefpaffes againft the King's Peace, or otherwife, and of 
 all other thing?, caufcs, or matters arifing within the faid Town and Precincts, from day 
 to day, in the Guild-Hall of the faid Town, to be holden before the Mayor, or his De- 
 puty, and the Sheriffs. 
 
 And that the Mayor for the time being, or his Deputv, and the Sheriffs, ffiall after the 
 faid 15th day of September, 1449, ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ Henry VI, have power and authority, to 
 hear and determine in that Court, all manner of pleas, &c. as wel-l-Hi the King's prefence 
 as in the King's abfence. 
 
 The Sheriffs to have the profits of the Court. 
 
 The Mayor and Sheriffs, yearly to account before the Treafurer of the Exchequer, by 
 thsir Attorney. 
 
 Every Efcheator, immediately after his Eledion, to take the Oath of his Office before 
 the Coroners. 
 
 Within twelve days after the choice of the Mayor, the name of the Efcheator is to be 
 certifyed into the Exchequer, under the Mayor's feal. 
 
 The Burgeffes to have the chattels of all convided of Felony, Murder, &c. all Amer- 
 ciaments, t^oft-Fines, Iffues of Fledges, and Bail, though they hold of the King, and in 
 all other Courts whatfo-'ver, and before all Jufticcs and Minifters of the King, as well 
 in his prefence, as in the King's abfence. 
 
 The 
 
 I.
 
 [sec. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF .NOTTINGHAM. I25 
 
 The BurgefTes may from time to time, chufe out of themfdves, feven Aldermen, one 
 of which may be always chofen to the Mayoralty, and be Mayor of the 'I'ovvti, and to 
 continue Alderman for life, unlefs at their own Ipecial requeft, or for lome notable caufe, 
 they be removed by the Mayor and Burgefles. 
 
 The Mayor and Burgefles may have full power, on the deatli, departure, or removal 
 of an Alderman, to chule from themfelves another Burgefs to be an Alderman. So from 
 time to time tor ever. 
 
 The Aldermen for the time being to be Juftices of the Peace, within the Liberties of 
 the Town, and feven, fix, five, four, and three, of which, the Mayor to be one prefent, 
 have power to punifh all Felonies, Murders, &c. as fully as other Jufticcs of the Peace 
 have, or hereafter fhall have. 
 
 The Burgefles to have all fines, &c. fet by the Mayor and Aldermen or any of them. 
 
 The BurgefTes to levy thefe fines by their own fervants, towards defraying the charges 
 incumbent on the Town. 
 
 The Burgefles to have the forfeiture of all viftuals. 
 
 The King's Steward, or Marflial of his Houlhold, not to exercife their Office v/ithin 
 thefaid Town. 
 
 The Aldermen to have licence to wear gowns, with collars and half fleeves, of one 
 form and livery, with turs, facings, and robings, when they aflemble in manner and 
 form, as the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of London are ufed to do. Any flatute 
 againft wearing of cloaths notwithftanding. 
 
 The Efcheator and Sheriffs to accompt by their Attorney before the Treafurer and 
 Barons of the King's Exchequer, and of all fuch things, (not in the Charter a-fore ex- 
 cepted ;) which were before accounted for by the Efcheator and Sheriffs of the County 
 of Nottingham. 
 
 The BurgefTes not to be barred any former rights or priviledges, by their acceptance 
 of thele prelents. 
 
 The King will's, that the BurgeflTes fhall have and ufe all the jurlfdidlions and fran- 
 chifes, &c. herein exprefTed, or in any former grant, wholly, and without any moleftation, 
 &c. Notwithflanding there is not exprefs mention there, of the value of the Chattels, 
 Amerciaments, IfTues, Fines, or other the PremifTes. 
 
 The Charter of Confirmation granted by the fucceeding Kings and Queens above- 
 . mentioned, inclufive of that of King James I. neither alter nor add any thing new." 
 
 . Co^ of a Grant hy 9^EEN ANNE of tisoo new Fairs. 
 
 " Anna Dei gratia magns Britannia, Franciaeet Hibernise rcgina, fidei defenfor, &c. 
 Omnibus ad quos prefenccs literje noflrse pervenerint falutem. Cum per quandam in- 
 .quifitionem indentat. capt. apud Guihald. villas de Nottingham in commitatu noftro 
 villje Nottingham quinto die Maji anno regni undecimo virtute cujufdam brevis noflri 
 dead quod dampnum e canccllaria noftra nuper emanat. vice-comit comitatus villse 
 Nottingham predict, dired. et inquifitionem predid. annexat. p. facramentumproborum 
 tt Jegalium hominum comitatus prjedift. compertum fit, quod non efTet ad aiiquod 
 
 * Q^ dampnum 
 
 .J
 
 J25 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [sEC. VI.] 
 
 dampnum vel prejiidicium noftri aut aliorum vel ad aliquod nociimentum vicinarum 
 feriarum five nundinarum fi nos concederemus majori et burgenfibus villae de Notting- 
 ham prcdiifl. ct liicccflbribus fuis quod ipfis haberent et tenerent annuatim imperpetuum 
 apud villam de Nottingham predift. unam feriam five nundinos incipiend. in diem jovis 
 proxim. ante feftum palcha et tunc et ibidem tenend. ct continuand. durand. ofto diebus 
 tunc proxim. fequent. et aliam feriam five nundinas incipiend. in diem veneris proxime 
 prxccdentem primum diem martis immediate poft: feftum epiphanias tunc etiam tenend. 
 et continuand. durand. o<fi:o diebus tunc proxime fequcnt. pro emptione et venditione 
 in feriis five nundinis ill is averiorum et pecorum ac omnium et omnimod. bonorum 
 mercimoniorum ct meicandizarum quorumcunque communiter in teriis five nundinis 
 cmpt. et vendit. ct tohiet et profic. inde provenien. et emergen, fibi et fuccefforibus fuis 
 percipien. prout per dii5l. breve et inquifition. in filariis cancellarias noftrai predidt. de 
 recordo remanen. plenius liquet et apparet. Sciatis modo quod nos de gratia noftra 
 fpecial. ac ex certa Icientia et mero motu noftris dedimus et concefTimus ac p. prefentes 
 pro nobis heredibus et fucceflbribus noftris damus et concedimus pra;fato majori et bur- 
 genfibus villre de Nottingham prsedift. et fucceflToribus fuis quod ipfi habeant et teneant 
 annuatim imperpctuum apud villam de Nottingham prredidt. unam feriam five nundin-. 
 incipiend. in diem jovis proxim. ante feftum pafchs et tunc ibidem tenend. et contin- 
 uand. durand. odo diebus ex tunc proxime fcquentibus et aiiam feriam five nundinas 
 incipiend. in diem veneris proxim. precedent primum diem marti'; immediate poft fef- 
 tum Epiphanije tunc etiam tenend. et continuand. durand. ofto diebus ex tunc prox- 
 ime fequent. pro emptione et venditione in feriis five nundinis ill is averiorum et pecorum 
 omnium ct omnimod. bonorum, mercimoniorum et mercandizarum quarumcunq. com- 
 muniter in feriis five nundinis empt. et vendit. una cum curia pedis pulverifati tempore 
 feriarum prjedidtarum, ac cum omnibus tolnet et aliis proficus predict, feriis five nun- 
 dinis pertinent five fpeftant. habend. tenend. et gaudcnd. piasdift. terias five nundinis et 
 curiam pedis pulverifati et Cfcteras premiffas fuperius p prefentes concelfas feu mention- 
 atas fore concelfas eifdom majori et buigenfibus vills de Nottingham predift. et fuccel- 
 foribus fuis imperpetuum ad folum propiium opus et ufum prsefati majoris et burgenfi- 
 um villa? de Nott. predi<5t. et fuccelTorum fuorum. Et hoc abfque compute vel aiiquo 
 alio nobis heredibus vel (uccefToribus noftris proinde reddend. folvend. vel faciend. — 
 Qiiare volumus ac p. prefentes pro nobis heredibus et fuccefi"oribus noftris firmiter in- 
 jungcndo prscepimus et mandamus quod prasfatus major et burgenfes villas de Nott. 
 prjedict. et fucceftbres fui vigore prefentium bene libere licite et quiete habeant teneant et 
 cuftodia..t et habere tenere et cuftodire valeant et pofTmt imperpetuum prediftas ferias 
 five nundinas uno cum curia pedis pulverifati et coeteras premifils prediftis fecundum 
 tenorem et veram intentionem harum literarum noftrarum pacentium abfque moleftatione 
 p. turbatione gravanina five contradidione noftri heredum vel fucceflorum noftrorum 
 vel aliquorum vice-comit. Efceatorum, ballivorum, officiariorum five miniftrorum 
 noftrorum hjeredum vel fuccelforum noftrorum quorumcunqe ec hoc aqfque aiiquo alio 
 warranto brevi vel proceff. impofterum in ea parte procurand vel obtinend. denique 
 volumus ac p. prefentes pro nobis heredibus et fucceftoribus noftris concedimus prsefato 
 majori et burgenfibus villas de Nott. prjedift. et fucceft^oribus fuis quod has literae noftrce 
 patentes vel irrotulamentum earundem fint et erunt bonas firma, valida, fufficientia, et 
 
 elFedlualia
 
 fsEC. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. I27 
 
 efFedualia in lege cifdcm majori et buigenfibus villae de Nott. prrcdid. et fuccefibribus 
 fuis fecundum veram intentioncm earLindeni. 
 
 In cujus rei teftimonium has literas noihas fieri feciinus patentes tefic meipfa apud 
 Weftmonaflerium tricefimo die Augufti anno legni noltro undccinio. 
 
 per breve de private figillo 
 
 COCKS." 
 
 Nottingham is divided into feven wards viz. C(iJlle-zuard,Markel--Lvani,C^apil-zvarJ, 
 Korih-vjard, Bridge-'icard, Middle-ward., and Mont-all-ijcard, over which the Aldermen 
 and Mayor reipedlively prefidcs. 
 
 Among the ancient cuftoms of the corporation are thefe : — 
 
 On Whitfun- Monday the Mayor of Nottingham and his brethren the Aldermen &:c. 
 ufed to ride in their beft liveries to Southwell, and fo in procefTion to the church, (a) 
 
 Here was an ancient watch kept (o late as the reign of Charles the firft, to which every 
 inhabitant of note, lent a man on Midfummer-day, many of them accoutred in armour and 
 wielding mifive weapons. At the fetting of the fun the mayor's ftfrjeant adminllered a 
 fuitable oath to them. After parading the ftreets, adorned with neat garlands of flowers, 
 they ieparated into companies and were Rationed till the rifing of the fun, and then were 
 difmifed. This was a kind of annual mufter-day, or time to (hew the arms and armour 
 belonging to the town, in order. 
 
 It was a cuflom, inftituted long fince for the mayor and aldermen of the town, &c. 
 and their wives to vifit St. Ann's Well, (noticed p. 170,) on Monday in Eafter-week, 
 having the town waits playing before them. 
 
 The butchers, formerly, prior to their killing a bull in Nottingham, were compelled to 
 bait him in the market place, for which purpofe, Deering fays, " there ufed to be a ring 
 fixed m the ground, and Mrs. Mayorefs was to find a rope, for which fhe has the confi- 
 deration of one (hilling ot every one v/ho takes up his freedom." 
 
 The counties of Nottingham and Derby, the 10th of Elizabeth, had but one (herifF, 
 the aflize was fometimes held at Nottingham, and fometimes at Derby, The gaol for 
 both counties was at Nottingham till the 23d of Henry eight. 
 
 TRENT RIVER. 
 
 This bountiful and lovely ftream, pa(reth within half a mile of the town of Notting- 
 ham. Its name, according to Camden, is from the Saxon word Treonla, which time had 
 reduced to Trenta the name it bears in old records. It is one of the four greateft rivers 
 in England. It partly divides the kingdom in two parts, north and (buth. Others 
 have laid it received its name from Trentham Abby. Some, from the French word 
 trenta, on account of its producing thirty forts of fifh, which it is reputed to do. 
 
 " The bounteous Trent, that in herfelf enfeams 
 Botli thirty forts of fifh, and thirty fundry ffreams." 
 
 Various 
 
 a Tlius cuftom made Deering judge, " ttiat Sout'nwell was confidered, formerly, the motlier- church of Nottingham." Some 
 
 have thought St. Isicholas'Sj the mother-church.
 
 ^28 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [sEC. VI, ] 
 
 Various as may be opinions about its origin, we may fafely advance that the liver is 
 coeval with the flood, and that its fources fmall and great aie many, (a) 
 
 To enumerate its beneficient and extending influence, we might fwell the work far be- 
 yond its intended limits. It may be fufficient to oblerve that this fine river is navigable 
 upwards of loo miles, has a communication with the fea, and, in conlequence, ferves to 
 convey the producflions of the country from its bofom for general benefit; and likewife 
 to bring hither fuch things, for common ufe, which are neceflfary for the welfare of its 
 inhabitants. Some of the Imall produdions of the ocean are, at times, found within it. 
 Befides the ordinary fifli, common to inferior rivers, falmon and fometimes fturgeon are 
 caught in the trent. Deering, who often ipeaks ot his anonymous native of Nottingham, 
 who wrote about the year 1640, and of which he has made confiderable ufe, has intro- 
 duced this paflage from his M. S: — 
 
 " This river, from the head thereof fome four miles about Stoke, in Stafix)rdrtiire, to 
 the midway between Gainfboiough and Newark, runs upon gravel, pebbles and boulders, 
 with which it feems, efpecially with boulders, to be naturally paved. There are in the 
 channel of the river divers hurftsor flielves, which in fummer time lye dry, from whence 
 the bordering inhabitants gather gi'eat ftore of thefe boulders, as they have occafion, and 
 with which the whole town of Nottingham is paved." 
 
 TRENT BRIDGE. 
 
 In Nottingham called Trent Bridges, which fpans the Trent leading into Nottingham, 
 was called, in ancient times, Heathbethe-brigge, as has been noticed in the former part of 
 ■thefe pages. This bridge is an irregular link of arches, originally formed of rough flone, 
 but now it is disfigured with brick and the ordinarieft materials -, from being repaired at 
 a variety of periods it is fcarcely left with one trait of uniformity. The bridge indeed is 
 now grown into difrepute, partly owing to its narrownefs and its confequent infufficiency, 
 as a paflage, to convey the vafl: increafe of pafl'cngers, and extended commerce to and 
 from Nottingham, with eafe and convenience. It has become, alfo, dangerous, from the 
 fame caufe to carriages and paflengcrs that meet thereon. The time, it is conjefted, is 
 not far difl:ant, when i^entlemen may turn their thoughts from war to local improvements j 
 when peace fhall return fmiling with arefl:oration of happinefs -, then we may reafonably 
 •expeft a paflTage over the venerable trent, here, an ufetul ornament to this flourifhing, 
 ,oppulent, and improving town. 
 
 RIVER LEEN. 
 
 This ufeful little ftream rifes above Newftead, in the forefl: of Shirewood. In its pafT- 
 ^ge to Lenton, from ivhence it takes'it name, it waters feveral villages. Its natural courfc 
 
 was 
 
 a " Thi5 river rife; in the Morelnnds near Biddulph, out of yewpnol and two fprings near Molecop. At this place it is an ip- 
 confiderable ftrtani, bfconie? navigable at Emton-iipun-Trent, and alter flowing tiu'uugii this county (whicli it alnioll equally 
 iiividts) tliat ol Hcrliy, Nottingiiam, and Lincoln, it lofes \U name in the Humbcr, the great receptacle ot'the northern rivers." 
 — The name is Saxon, Tk.ent.\, Trconta, and I'ormed from the word drie (three) on account of its nfing from three 
 • heaQi " _ Pennant. 
 
 ." Kivers arife, -whether thou he the ton j Or Trent, wliicii liicc, fome earth-born '/iant, fprcads 
 
 Of utir.c-liTwLEE or OoiE cr giilphy Dt;jj, | His thirty arms along ll'e iitdcnted meads "' Miltoh.
 
 [sec. VI.] OF THE TCWW OF NOTTINGHAM, I'C^ 
 
 was formerly hence to the trent near-Wiltord -, but was turned foon after the conquefl to 
 pals on by the foot of the rock, on which Nottingham Hands, fo on to the trent beyond 
 the town. 
 
 LEEN BRIDGE. 
 
 In fome inftances has been noticed in the preceding pages. Thoroton, page 174, 
 has fhewn us by whom it has been repaired, &c. Tliis palfage, over the Leen, into 
 Nottingham, was made a few years fince very commodious, and was an ornament to the 
 entrance into the Town •, but the late great flood, in March 1795, which will be memor- 
 able for its devaftarion on this fide ot Nottingham, has partly dellroyed it. 
 
 Under this head I will juft notice this great calamity fo far as relates to the approach 
 to Nottingham. 
 
 In confequence of making a cut from the Erewafli Canal, near Nottingham, to com- 
 municate with the Trent, near Trent bridge, the old road from the bridge to Notting- 
 ham was in a great meafure cut away for that purpofe. The high nc^v road was there- 
 fore made in a ftrait line, at a vaft expence, rampired and made lofty, above the level of 
 floods, it was imagined, from Trent bridg; to Leen bridge, on the left of the old 
 road, which was more in a ziz-zag form, than the new road. The new projefl confo- 
 lidated, if I may be allowed the expreflion, a number of little bridges, which you be- 
 fore palTed over, into one grand, light, fpan of arches over the fwampy, or 
 deepeft watery currents, which you had to pafs, in entering the town of Nottingham, 
 from the London road. All this excellent improvement, in lefs than a year after its 
 completion, was, by the mighty torrent of waters, which broke forth after the thaw in 
 1795, deflroyed, the whole bridges and roads, which builders deemed of fufficienc 
 ftrcngfh to contend with floods of any magnitude, gave way ; this mighty inundation 
 fwept all before it. In many places the lofty road was levelled with the meadows belov/", 
 and the foundations of the bridges were fhaken fo mightly, that their arches fell, and 
 became an heap of ruin •, portions of which appear fike a broken rock, lying in all 
 directions, fhivered by a tremenduous dafH of the watery element. The damage is 
 eilimated at about 2000L 
 
 EREWASH CANAL. 
 
 Takes iis courfe by Nottingham, at a little diilance from the river Leen. This 
 fcheme, which was projedted in times highly favourable to works of this fort, promifes 
 fair to be extremely ufetul to this place. Future times, however, muft determine on this 
 point. The line of the canal pafles through that part of the county which abounds in 
 coal and iron (tone, to the Town of Nottingham, where abranchis made to the Trent, 
 as has been obferved under the laft head, near Leen River, by the fide of the high road to 
 Trent Bridge. 
 
 This work, like many others of this kind, projedled in more favourable times, is in an 
 unfinifhed fl:ate •, (a) it perhaps waits its completion from a return of peace and its con- 
 comitant bleffings, plenteoiifnefs. 
 
 R MEADOWS' 
 
 a April 1795,
 
 130 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [SEC. VI;] 
 
 MEADOWS. 
 
 The fine extenllve meadows wliich lie on each fide the road from London, are delight- 
 ful, in the fummer feafon, and as fruitful as beneficent to the health and pleafure of the 
 inhabitants of Nottingham. On the right and on the left, thefc meadows arc watered 
 by the Trent, on which are almofl: always in fight vefiels of burden carrying 
 merchandize to various parts of this, and other counties of the kingdom. The feat of 
 Mr. Mufters on the right as you approach Nottingham, and apparently at the extremity 
 of the meadow on this fide, and the romantic village of Sneinton, are pleafing objects. 
 On the left the meadows are as richly adorned with objects at the extremity. The beau- 
 tiful little church of Wilford, and Sir Jervas Clifton's towery embowered dwelling, 
 over the Trent, are delightful fcenes which prefent themfelves in your meadow walks near 
 Nottingham. In an oppofite diredion Wollaton-HaJl and Nottingham are a fine con< 
 trait. 
 
 WALKS. 
 
 Before we proceed to a defcription of the Tov/n, it may be necefTary to notice fome of 
 the moft principal Walks frequented by the inhabitants. For excrcife and air, in its 
 vicinity, as an inland town, none exceeds it. The meadows, the park, the Trent fide, 
 on the banks of the Lecn, about Colwick, at Clifton, the Race-ground and other places 
 which might be enumerated, are all highly ufeful and, in general, extremly pleafant. In 
 the park, (^a) lately, have been built, very fpacious and handfome barracks for horfe 
 ibldiers. 
 
 The burgefles' grounds are alfo frequented in the fummer feafon, and are beneficial to 
 about ;53o burgefTes of this place -, Ibme portions of them bring in, to each pofTefTor, 3I. 
 per anil, which they not only enjoy during life, but the benefit defcends to their widows. 
 
 WATER. 
 
 The Wells, like the Cellars of this place are deep, in gener.1l, 36 yards,, one well is 43 
 the whole is through the rock, not at all fubjeft to damps. But a great part of the 
 Water which is ufed in Nottingham, is fupplicd by water-works, which fupply all the 
 town but Parliament- firect and the New-buildings. There is a Company of i-'roprietors 
 ^o the y/fiter-works who have brought this fcheme to a profitable ifTue. 
 
 BUILDINGS and MANUFACTORY, 
 
 'Before we notice any particular building, in this place, it may be obferved, in general 
 that Nottingliam exceeds all the neigbouring county towns, with which it is connected, 
 in the manufaftory, both in the ffile and magnitude of its buildings. Leicefter and Derby 
 are places of great commerce ; but equally inferior to Nottingham both in one and the 
 
 others. 
 
 a Noticed page J2.
 
 :[S£C. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. I3I 
 
 Other. The tlouTcs cf Lcicfflcr in general, are not fo lofty as thofc of Derby, owing 
 ciiiefly to the great fpacc of [ground itlhmds on, or r.ichernot being lo coniined fur room 
 in building. The ground on which Leicefter Hands, is equal, I apprehend, to that an 
 which Nottingham (l<!nds, wiiich contains, at leait half a^ many more inhabitants. 
 
 rhc Hofiery bafinels is tlic chiet employment of the i owns of Leicclter and Not- 
 tingham; Derby, in a comparative point of view, employs but few hands, in this bufi- 
 neli) ; but it has other commercial advantages equally prolituble, and beneficent to the 
 .labourer. 
 
 The Nottingham branch, which is in general the fincft:, and ronfequently of the moil 
 ■valuable goods, has rapidly increafed ot late years. An enterprizing fpirit pervades 
 every branch of the flocking manufaftory, and indullry is a marking feature in the place. 
 In 1 64 1, Deering informs us that there were only two framework- knitters in this place ; 
 in his time fifty ; now fifty times fifty may be computed, there and in its neighbourhood. 
 The invention ot the Stocking-Frame, which has been fo bountiful and productive here, 
 is noticed page 47 of this volume. 
 
 It appears chat tormely Lenton Martinmas fair, was of eminence, that it nearly ferved 
 ail the fliop keepers of Nottingham with every neceffary oflife, fold in fhops ; now Lon- 
 don, as it does other places, ferves this town chiefly with fuch articles. 
 
 The Woclkn Manufavflory was carried on here loon after the conqueft. King Joha 
 to fofter it gave a Royal Charter dated March 19, 1 199, wherein all pcrfons within ten 
 miles round Nottingham are forbidden to work dyed cloth but in the borough. This 
 branch of bufinefs was the immediate rile to opulence of feveral great families in this 
 place, merchants of Calais, among which may be.enumtrntedzhclVilicugJMe's, Bingbam's, 
 1'amieJJey^s, Plumptree's and Thurhmd's. 
 
 The Normans introducing malt liquor into this kingdom, the Town of Nottingham 
 foon became eminent in the Malting fine. In this branch it had fcarcely a competitor in 
 the Midland Counties, for a fucceflion of years. Now its malt liquor is famed far and 
 near, but the malting bufinefs for other markets is inconfiderable. Newark now does 
 much in that line of bufinefs. 
 
 The Tanning bufinefs was carried on here formerly, alfo, with great advantage to the 
 place; but now in a comparative point of vie./, that bufinefs is of little importance. 
 
 This Town has been a place ot confiderable note in the iron branch, on account of the 
 great plenty of coal and iron oar in its neighbourhood, now that bufinels is of no confi- 
 .derablc confequence. 
 
 CHAPEL-BAR. 
 
 The fketch of Chapel- bar, page 142 is taken from an ordinary engraving In Deering's 
 book, drawn by T. Sandby. By the reprefentation, there was nothing in the building 
 £0 attraft notice: It was neither dignified by dcfign nor bold in features of antiquity ; 
 The celebrity of the name of Sandby, has had more attraction, in giving this flietch, than 
 any thing itielf could fet forth. 
 
 Although the Gate be removed the fite retains its name at this day. On this fubjeft 
 ■I will ufe Deering's words who lived while it was Handing: — ■ 
 
 •" Chappel-Bar
 
 ,32 KISTOHr OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [sEC. Vi;j 
 
 " Chappel-Bar was the only ancient gate which had efcaped the injuries o'^fime, and 
 was preferved entire 'till the year 1743, when it was pulled down ; under it Oii each fide 
 ■was an arched Room of a Pentagonal Figure, of which that which had a door opening 
 sunder the middle of the gate was a Guard-Room, the other, the door which facedthc 
 Etft, was a chappel tor the conveniency of the guard, this had given the Gate the name 
 of Chappel-Bar; it was long finee turned into a Brewhoule, late in the tenure of Mr. 
 Thomas Hawkfley, once an Alderman, and for fome time Mayor of Nottingham, to 
 whofe own houfe it was contiguous. In fomuch that where feveral Altars ftood, Madi- 
 Tubs and other utenfjls fill up the room, which has given occafion to the following lines: 
 
 Here Priefts of old turned Wafers into God, 
 And 2;ave poor Laymen Bread, for Flefti and Blood, 
 But now a Liquid Myft'ry's here fet up. 
 Where Priefts and Laymen both. Partake the Cup. 
 
 Onthe top of this gate at the eaft end, exaftly in the middle, did grow one ofthe great- 
 er fort of Maples, vulgarly called a Sycamore Tree, part of the branches of which covered 
 an arbour where fix people might conveniently regale themfelves. The north half of 
 this top was very neatly difpofed into beds of vaiious figures and turned into a pleafant 
 garden, where befides many difl^erent kinds of flowers, a beautiful variety of Tulips has 
 formerly, from high, challenged all the gardens in Nottingham. Had the other half 
 which was in different hands and did lie uncultivated, been managed in like manner, 
 both would have made a garden of a confiderable extent, and given a pretty lively idea- 
 of the Babylonian hanging Gardens." 
 
 HOLLOW STONE,- 
 
 Deering fays, " A narrow paflfage cut our ofthe rock, the fouth entrance into the 
 town, was fecured by a ftrong Port-cullice, of which not long ago there were plain marks 
 to be feen •, within this gate on the left and going up to the town, jufl: turning the elbov.^ 
 of the Hollow Stone, there was a cavity cut into the rock, able to hold about twenty men 
 ■with a fire place in it and benches fixed, befides a ftair-cafecut out ofthe fame rock ; thin 
 had been a Guard-houfc, and the ftair-cafe leading to the top ofthe rock, was for fenti- 
 nels to fpy the Enemy at a diftance -, this was no doubt of good fervice to the Parliament 
 party during the Civil War, if it was contrived by them. A little farther up the Hollow 
 ilone, againft and upon the rock there ftood an houie the property of his Grace the Duke 
 of Kingfton, who upon application made to him, gave leave to the corporation to 
 pull it down, being generoufly willing to forward their defign of making the Hollov;- 
 ftone a more gradual defcent and enlarging the fouth entrance into the Town, fo that two 
 or more carriages may conveniently pals each oiher, to which purpofe men were fet to 
 ^\ork on Tuefdjy the 17th of December 1740, and this ufeful and plealant way into the 
 Town was connpleted in a few weeks. On the top ot the rocks, on the left fide of the 
 paffage into Nottingham Town, the workmen met with a portion ofthe Town-wall, 
 the ftones of which were fo ■well cemented, that the mortar exceeded them in hardnef'.." 
 
 BRIDLE
 
 [sec. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. I33 
 
 BRIDLESMITH-GATE, 
 
 ■Over-againft Biidlefmith-gate, Deering fays, "Stood an ancient Poftein, 'till with- 
 _in thele ten years, on the eaft fide of which, where now the BuU's-head is, was a Gate- 
 houfe, where a g-jard was kept, as is to this day plainly to be leen; on the weft fide ftood 
 an houfe formerly called Vout-Hall, the Manfion-Houfe of the family of the PUimntrcs. 
 Vout-Hall had its name trom very large Vaults which were under it, where in the time 
 of the Staple of Calais, great quantities of Wool ufed to be lodgecl. In one of thcfe 
 Vaults, in the reign of King Charles the II. the Defenters privately met for the exercife 
 of their Religion, as they did after the A<51 of Toleration publicly, in a Houfe at the 
 upper end of Pilchergate, which is fince pulled down and a new one built in its room, 
 the Property and preient Manfion-Houfe of John Sherwiii, Efq. This place, on account 
 of Whitlock's and Reinold's (difplaced Minifter of St. Mary's] ofiiciating in it, obtained 
 the by-name of Little St. Mary's." 
 
 THURLAND-HALL, 
 
 Or Clare-Hall, ftands oppofite to the Black-a-moor's-head ftables; it is an ancient build- 
 ing of ftone, erefted by Francis Pierepoint, third fon of Robert Eail of Kingfton, who 
 
 died in 1657. The rooms are fpacious but gloomy, the walls are caftle-like thick. 
 
 Here, on particular public occafions, the noble and gentlemen of the county dine in the 
 great room. 
 
 Mrs. NEWDEGATE's HOUSE. 
 
 In Caftle-gate, Deering mentions as being the abode of Marfhall Tallard, taken by the 
 Duke of Marlborough. 
 
 Mafftial Tallard who was fometime a prifoner at Nottingham, was taken by the Duke 
 of Marlborough at the battle of Blenheim; during his Captivity here he made very fine 
 gardens. There were alfo taken at the fame time, and fent Prifoner s to Nottingham, 
 the Marquis de Montperroux, General of Horfe, Compt de Blanzac, Lieutenant General, 
 Marquis de Hautefeuille, General of Dragoons, Marquis de Velfeme, Marquis de Sep- 
 peville. Marquis de Silly, Chevalier de Crovlfy, Marquis de Valliere, Major Generals, 
 Monf. de St. Second, Brigadier, Marquis de VafTey, Colonel of Dragoons, and Compt 
 de Home. 
 
 MARKET-PLACE. 
 
 This is one of the mofl fpacious in England. It is environed for the moft part by 
 lofty and ornamental buildings. At the upper end ftands an ordinary crofs, called 
 Malt-crofs, fupported by fix plain columns. On the lower end is the 'Change deferved- 
 ly reckoned the firft ohjefl: here. It is a brick building ornamented with ftone, 123 
 feet in length, fupported by a range of ftone columns, which form a fpacious parade 
 under the building. On its too, in the centre, is placed a figure of juftice. On the front 
 
 * R .ve
 
 '34 
 
 HtSTORV OF TTiE TOWN AND COUNTY. [SEC. VI. j 
 
 are three niches faid to have been originally intended to hold tliC ftatues of George the 
 Firft, and the then Prince and Princels of Wales. 1 he building coft 2400I. Behind 
 this building are the butcher's fhambles. Nottingham Market, which is held on Satur- 
 days 15 well lupplied with every necefiary of life. 
 
 Under this head it is proper to obfervethat there are three columns eredled, in different 
 parts of the town, which are denominated crofTes. 1 he week-day crofs flands in an 
 opening at the Town-Gaol, and is well fupplied with provifions, and conlcquently well 
 attended. Another which flands at one of the openings into the Market- Place, from 
 Bridlefmith-gate feems of no great ufe as aMarket-Crofs. The other is a newly ere<5led 
 column where formerly flood an old one, called Monday-Crofs. This ftands near St. 
 Peter's Church, near which is a Sheep Market. On a brafs place " This column ere<5led 
 in the mayoralty of John Carruthers, 1787." It is topped with a handlbme varfc. 
 
 Such is the (late of the market-place, &c. at the prefent day, what follows under this 
 head was the flate. of things here in Decring's time. 
 
 " The wefl entrance into Nottingham offers to the Travellers view a Market-Flace in 
 fpacioufnefs fuperior to mofl; inferior to very few (if any) in the kingdom, graced with 
 many beautiful buildings, (a) This place has fince the year 171 1, received great ad- 
 ditions; here the grand Saturday Market and all the fairs are kept. It was formerly 
 divided lengthways in two by a wall breaft-high, which had openings at proper diftances 
 to pals from one fide to the other. On the north fide, i. e. by the Long- Row, was kept 
 the great Market of Corn and Malt, Oatmeal and Salt, and many flails and booths 
 tented tor Milliners, Pedlars, Sale-fhops, Hardware-men, &c. with Bakers, Turners, 
 Brafiers, Tinmen, Chandlers, CcUar-makeis, Gardeners, &c. On thefouth fide betwten 
 the wall and a large hanging bank was the Horle-Market, not paved, called the Sands ; 
 on the eaft end of the jufl mentioned bank all forts of fawn timber, as boards, planks, 
 quarters, pannels, and all kinds of fluff for Caipenters, Joyncrs, and Coopers, was fold, 
 ■which has given an handfome row of Houfes built along this bank, the name oi '■Timber- 
 Hill. On the remaining part of this bank, were every Saturday placed fheep- folds for 
 the ufe of the Country People, who bring fheep to fell. Weft of the Horfe-Marker un^ 
 der /-rytTr-Z^aii; and /f«^f/-i?i5'Zi> was kept the Beafl Market, this extended as far as the 
 Market wall reached i.e. to the cv\A oi Bear u-ard- lane and at the Ikirt of this between 
 Frier-Row and the Sheepfolds, was the Swine-Market. At the eafl end of the Market 
 Place between the Long-Row and Cuck-flool-Row are two large fliambles called the old 
 and new Siiambles. In the old are 34 Icveral Butcher's Stalls, over them is a room of a 
 confiderable length and breadth floored over with a flrong plaifter floor, at the wefl end 
 of which was an open, breall high, whence the whole Market might be viewed, here for- 
 merly the Fairs, &c ufed to be proclaimed. In the fouth wefl corner of them was a 
 fquarc room wainfcotted and ieaced aboiit, where the Mayor, Siieriff- and other Officers 
 uled to meet in order to waik the Saturday Market, (a cuftom now left ofi^) in this room 
 alfo ufed to fit the Steward or his Deputy air day long, on the Market-Day, to enter 
 Audlions, take Bail, &c. all which he now does at his own houfe. In the remainder of 
 
 this 
 
 •a . In the y.ent 1747, ihe Spice-Chamber and Old ShaJnblcs, were pulled duwn, enlarged and rebuilt, in a very commooious 
 
 M;inner.
 
 fsEC. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTTNGHAM. 13^ 
 
 this large place on hoth fi Jes were (hops of divers tradc-fmen with a large pafTaj^.- betv/een. 
 At the weft end of the fourh fide of tius room uled to Rand fome Habirrdafliers of Hats, 
 over againft them on the north fide ftood Country Grocers and Mercers, as the people 
 11 led to call them, coming from Mansfield, L.oughboiougli, Mount Sorrel, 6cc. wiieiico 
 this room' was called tiie Spice-Chamber, a name ic bears to this day, all the reft of the 
 fhops on both fides were occupied by Lcatherfcllers, and Glovers, iliefe 'till the year 
 1747, took up almoft the v/hole place, (a) 
 
 On the north and outfide of thefe fhambles u{ed to fiiand Fidimcngers and P'ifherrnen. 
 
 The New-fliambles which contain 26 ftalls for butchers, adjoin to the old ones; on 
 the fouth-fide over thefe is likewife a long room where in time paft the Tanners after 
 they had done buying raw hides ufcd to ftand the remainder cf the day to fell lea- 
 ther. South of the New-Shambles are tv/o rows of buildings with a paved paffage bs- 
 tv/een, called the Shoemaker -liooths, whereon a Saturday the men of that trade keep mar- 
 ket, but all the week befide they are fiiut up. South of thefe over againft Peck- Lane, 
 ufed to ftand all the Rope-makers. On the v.^eft end of Shoemaker- Booths, Uid ftand 
 fuch as fold Northern Cloths, Hamftiire and Burton-Kerfeys, and near them v/as to be 
 had ftore of Houfewives Cloth both Unen and woollen. 
 
 In this great Market-place ufed to be two Croftes, the Cw{'c on the veft end of the 
 Long-Row near Sheep-Lane feated about ten fteps high with a pillar in the middle, 
 called the Mak-Crols, becaufe near it the Malt ufed to be fold ; here all Proclamations 
 are read as alfo Declarations of War in the fa( e of a full market. The iecond ftood on 
 the eaft end of the Market-place, oppofite to the firft, near the Shambles called the Buttcr- 
 Crofs, this had large ii-ats about it of four heights and was covered with a large tiled 
 roof fupported by fix pdlars, here thofe fat who dealt in Butter, Eggs, Bacon, &c. near 
 it was the Fruit-Market plentifully provided with all kinds of Fruit in Seafon. 
 
 Such was the face of the Market-Place till within thefe forty years, fince which time 
 the Market-wall has been removed, as well as the Butter-Crofs atid the whole place well 
 paved, the Malt-CroiV has likewife been altered, is now but four fteps high, has a railed 
 tiled roof (the top ot which is adorned and rendered ufeful by fix Sun-dials and a P'ane) 
 refts upon fix pillars ; under this roof and about this Crofs fit fuch as fell Earthen ware 
 both coarfe and fine. The Sheep-folds are removed to a place not far diftant from this 
 Market pi 'ce, and where the Butter-Crofs ftood, or rather between that and the fhambles, 
 which looked before very bare, there is fince erefted a brick building i 23 feet in lenu^th, 
 the front of which is fupported by ten ilone pillars in the middle of this front are three 
 niches of ftone, defigned for placing cf the ftatues of King George the Ift, and the Prince 
 and Princefs of Wales in them, but they remain ftill empty; above thefe is a dial with 
 an hour hand, and on the top of all the building is placed the ftatue of Juftice ; between 
 the pillars and feme fliops and t e fliambles is an open walk, in the middle of which a 
 broad ftair-cafe l^ads up into the long room where the Tanners were wont to fell their 
 leather, this has now a boarded floor and two chimneys in it ; her* the Mayor and She- 
 rifts give rheir Michae'mas Fnt- rtainmt-nts, b-'c C)n the kit hand a few fteps higher is the 
 Court were the Afiizes and Srfllons were held for the Town, which formerly ufed to be 
 •done in the old Town Hall, a d whither, fince the late reparation, (new fronting and 
 
 other wife 
 
 a The Area of it is four Arces and z6 Perches^
 
 j.^g HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [SEC. VI.] 
 
 cthcrwife beautifying of it) they are again removed. This building is called the New- 
 Change ; it coft the Corporation 2400I. Notwithftanding all thefe alterations the feveral 
 dealers or market people keep to the fame fpots or as near to them as they can, where 
 they ufed to vend their different commodities, except, that Timber is not now brought 
 to Market, but fold on Wharfs and in Yards, neither do the Rope-makers at this time 
 ftand in the Market, and thofc who fell Fifh have at prefcnt their ftands before the New- 
 Change, and the Gardeners who are mightily encreafed fince the year 1705, have a row 
 of (lalls beyond the Malt-Crois. 
 
 Befides the Malt-Crofs, there are two others the Hen-Crofs and the Weekday-Crofs. 
 The firft ftands eaft of Timber-Hill, and almoft in the centre between four ftreets which 
 here meet; it is a fair column ftanding on an hexangular bafis four fteps high, this is 
 the Poultry Market as may be gathered from its name -, hither on Saturdays the Country 
 People bring, all forts of Fowls both tame and wild, as Geefe, Turkeys, Ducks, Pi- 
 geons, &c. alfo Pi'ijs. The Week-day Crofs is likewife a column ftanding on an o6tan- 
 gular bafis larger than the former, with four fteps placed almoft in the midft of an open 
 fpace between the High and Middle Pavement; here the Wednefday and Friday Market 
 is kept, for Butter, Eggs, Pigeons, and wild Fowl, and all kind of Fruit in Seafon ; be- 
 fides on Fridays here are fold. Sea and River Fifh. Near this Crofs ftand other Sham- 
 bles placed north and fouth, where all the weekfxccpt on Saturdays, the Butchers fell all 
 kinds of Flefli-meat. Over and above all thefe Markets, a Monday Market was lately 
 endeavoured to be eftablilhcd, on a piece of waftc ground between the weft end of St. 
 Peter's Churchyard, Wheelergate and Houndgate, which attempt though it did not an- 
 fwer the end, becaufe the Country People would not take to it, yet has proved an advan- 
 .tage to the town, for this place, which is in the heart of the town and was a mere fink be- 
 fore, and dangerous to pafs efpecially in the night, is nov/ made good and as well paved 
 £.s any other part of Nottingham. The Crofs, with a roof fupported by four pillars is now 
 walled in, and proves a very convenient receptacle for the Town's Fire Engines, and on 
 Jiaturdays it is the Sheep Market, the Folds, which were formerly placed in the Greac 
 Market Place being now removed to this, they ftand along the weft and north fides of St. 
 Peter's Church-yard and at the eaft end of Houndgate." 
 
 STREETS, 
 
 In general, are upon a n.irrow fcale, if we except thatof Caftle-gate and High-pavement. 
 And it may be remarked that the new ereftions called Bunkers hill, and others in that part 
 of the town, are not more convenient ; indeed fome of them are extremely filthy paffages: 
 fome of the dwellings feem fcattered by the hand of chance, regardlefs of health, decency 
 or convenience. I had almoft forgot one ftrcet, however that is fpacious, but of no long 
 ftanding, which was till lately, called The Back-fide. This paftage is t\o^ zsXXtdi Parliament 
 Street and obtained its prelent name from the following circumftance : — 
 
 One Roufc, an inhabitant, a man of fome property ; but a little deranged in his mind, 
 offered himfelf as a candidate, at an eleftion to ferve in Parliament, fome few years fince, 
 in one ol his mad fits. He treated his companions, the lower orders of the eledors, with 
 
 ale.
 
 fsEC. VI.] OF THE TCWX OF \0T7 i:«CII A W. I37- 
 
 alc, purl, and fometimes rhubarb, which he ftrongly recommended to ail, as an excellent 
 tiling lor the conftltution. Ke not liking the name of the jiiace he lived in, "-The Back- 
 Jide, and always thinking of the dignity he coveted, was at the expence of placing boards 
 at Ibme of the confpicuous corners ot the pafTiges, on which was written Parliament- 
 Street, whence he was to pals to his feat in Weftminfter-Hall. Some of thefe boards are 
 ftill remaining; the man is funk into the grave, but the ftreet has efredually got a name». 
 perhaps for ages. 
 
 Here i cannot omit the following quotation, " The origin of the names of feveral 
 Places fays Decring, is as various as that of the Sir-names of Men. Some are derived 
 from their fituation, as the High, Low, and Middle-pavements, the Bnck-Iide, I'ackt 
 lane, &c. Some from their fhape and magnitude, as the Long-row, Broad-lane, Short- 
 hill, Narrow-marOi, &c. Some from the neighbourhood of fume Church, Chapel, Re- 
 ligious Houfe, or the Caftle : as St. Mary^s-gate, St. Ftrer's-gate, St. James's-lane, 
 Caflle gate, &c. Some from fomc noted peifon living there, or having a property in 
 that place: as, Marfden's Court, Stephen's Court, Chappel's Court, Barkergate, 
 Bellergatc. Some from the former condition of the ground: as, Rotten-row, or Ironi 
 what in times paff ftood there, as Cuckftool-row. Some from particular people inhabit- 
 ing the place as Jew-lane, (a) or from fome animals formerly kept there : as Hound- 
 Gate and Spaniel-Row, where doubtlefs in the time when our Kings ufed to refide in 
 the Caftle of Nottingham, the Hounds and Spaniels of the King, ufed to be kept, and as 
 at this prefent time Lions are kept at the Tower, fo formerly in the room of thefe, Bears 
 ufed to be kept, as appears by the title of the Officer who takes care of them, (which to 
 this day) is not the King's Lion-Keeper but the King's Bear-Keepef, and thence Bear- 
 ward-Lane may have obtained its name. Some from the frequent palfage of cattle and 
 other live provifions: as Sheep Lane, Cow Lane, Goofe Gate, &c. And fome from 
 the particular trades that ufed to dwell in them : as Sadler Gate, Fletcher Gate, Smithy 
 Row, Bridlefmith Gate, and Gridlefmilh Gate, of which two laft my Anonymous Au- 
 thor exprefles himfelf to this purpofe : " Of the Streets in Nottingjiam I find two very 
 near ir» found, differing only in one letter, viz. B and G, but very wide in their deriva- 
 tion, for the firil was fo called by reafon of the great number of Smiths dwelling there, 
 who made Bitts, Snaffles and other articles for Bridle"?, of which trade there are fome ftill 
 inhabiting this ftreet though the major part of them is now worn out by Smiths of a 
 rougher ftamp, fuch as make Plough Irons, Coulters, Shares, Stroake and Nayles, Har- 
 row Teeth and the like, of which trade there are at this day fuch ftore in this ftreet, and 
 other parts of this town, as ferve to furnifli not only the County of Nottingham, but di- 
 vers other bordering Shires, as Leicefter, Rutland and Lincoln. The reafon ol which 
 number I fuppofe is, the great plenty of coals got and the great plenty of it on made in 
 thefe parts." 
 
 Gridlefmith Gate he turns into Girdlefmith Gate and this he derives from the dialeft 
 
 S of 
 
 a By an Exemplification of t!ie King's ancient Poffefnons in Nottingham out of the Pipe Office it appears that there wtre feveral 
 Hoiifes of Jews, as alfo a Synagogue in Nottingham, until in the XXth of Edward the Irt, the King granted the fame to Hugh 
 Purel!,of Thuimenton, and to his heirs for ever, paying annually to his MajeftyjOn Michaelmas Day,by the hands of the BaUitfs 
 •1' ^otli^£ham, one Penny.
 
 j^g HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTV. [sEC. VI. j 
 
 of the common people about the confines of Derby and Staffbrdfhire, who call a Girdle a 
 Gridle, and in this ftreet fuch lived, who made Buckles, Hooks, and other matters for 
 Girdles. 
 
 Nottingham has in general one benefit hardly to be matched by any other of the King- 
 dom, to wit : That the inhabitants are not only well provided with good Barley to turn 
 into Malt and Ale (for which this Town is famed all over England) but that they have 
 alfo the beft, cooled and deepeft rock cellars, to ftow their liquor in, many being 20, 24 
 to 36 ftcps deep, nay in fome places there are cellars within cellars deeper and deeper in 
 the rock ; but of all the rock cellars thofe v/hich his Honour Willoughby not many 
 years ago caufed to be hewed out, deferve the principal notice for feveral reafons, and it 
 is a queftion whetlier there be any rock cellars to be compared with them in the king- 
 dom. From the paved yard even with the brewhoufe, which is about 12 feet below the 
 level of the ground floor, thefe cellars are 16 feet perpendicular in depth, the pafiage 
 leading down to them opens to the north, is arched and has 32 eafy fleps covered with 
 bricks, and receives light enough to make the defcent pleafant ; at the bottom you meet 
 with three doorSj that which faces you leads to the greateft cellar, the other two on each 
 fide give entrance into two leiTcr cellars; all three defcribe exaftly circles having hemif- 
 pherical roofs, the centre of each is fupported by a proportionable round pillar of rock, 
 the lefler have bins all around them, and what is particularly remarkable is, that in fo 
 large an exten'; of rock lequifite for three fuch confiderabie excavations there does not ap- 
 pear the leaft crack or flaw. 
 
 The Ihallowcft cellars are made ufe of by tradefmen for ftore places to keep certain 
 goods in -, others had large and level floors in them with cifterns and kilns to ftecp barley 
 &nd dry malt in, ot thele there were very many even lb lately 2s the latter part of the 
 reign of King Charles the Ilf, and in fome of thefe fubterraneous Malt Rooms, they 
 ufed to make Malt as kindly in the heat of the fummer, as above ground in the beft time 
 of the winter, and though thofe Malt Kilns were much lefs than the Malt Offices at pre- 
 i'ent, which are almoft all above ground, yet the number of the others and the working 
 of them all the year round, made the yearly quantity very confiderabie, elle this Town 
 could never have fupplied with Malt, Lancafhire, Chefhire, Shropfliire, Staffordfhire and 
 the Peak of Derbyfhire, which ufed to be done by carriers and hukfters, then commonly 
 called badgers, of whom thofe of Chefhire ufed to make a double return, by bringing 
 Salt trom the Withes, and carrying back Malt. 
 
 The Town of Nottingham is about two Statute miles, and the County of the Town 
 fpreads its jurildidion upwards of ten miles in circumference, the boundaries of which 
 they carefully preferve by chufing every half year a certain number of perfons of the 
 town, headed by one of the Coroners, which are called the Middleton-Jury ; this name i 
 take to be a contraction of Middle-Town- Jury, not only becaufe they are fummoned from 
 amongft the Town's people in the Town, but becaufe they not only take care of the ex- 
 •treme boundaries, but they likewife walk through the middle and every part of the 
 Town, taking notice of, and prefenting all incroachmcnts and nuifances. 
 
 Speaking of Nuifances calls to my mind what 1 fhould have mentioned before when 
 J.was fpcaking of Building in general, viz. my finding fome time ago in the Statute 
 
 Books^
 
 [sec. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 
 
 ^39 
 
 Books, a title of a Statute of the 27th of Henry the Srh. c. i. For re-edifying Notting- 
 ham, Gloucefter, Northampton and other Towns. This put me to a ftand how this de- 
 cay fhould come, not having cither read or heard of any Fire, Temped or Wjr, this 
 Town had fuSercd by, I therefore in hopes of fome information wrote to Mr. Plumptre, 
 who likewife not recollcding to have read of any bad accident of fo modern a date, went 
 and did fee the original Statute, and was fo good as to tranfmit to me the Preamble, 
 which tho' it does not relate the caufc, yet tells us the condition this and other Towns 
 were in at that time : It is as follows : — 
 
 " For fo moche as dyverfe and many Howfes, Mefuages and Tenements of Habita- 
 tions in theTownes of Notyngham, Shruyfbuiy, Ludlow, Bridgenorth, Qiijiiborow, 
 Northamption and Gloucefter, now are and long Tyme have been in great Kuyne, and 
 Decayt, and fpecially in the pryncypal and cheif Stretes there beyng, in the whiche cheif 
 Stretes in Tymes pafled have been betwtiful dwellyng Howfes there well inhabited, 
 whiche at this day moche part thereof is defolate and voydc Groundes, with Pyttes, Cel- 
 lars and Vaultes lying open and unkovered very perillous for people to go by in the 
 Nyghte without jeopardy of Lyf, v hiche Decayes are to the great impoveryfliyng and 
 Hindrans of the fame Townes for the Remedy whereof it may pleafe the Kyng oure 
 Soveraigne Lorde by the afTent of his Lordes fpiritualy and temporal and the Commons 
 in this prefent Parlyament aflembled, and by th' authorite of the fame that may be 
 enafted, &c." 
 
 The enacting part provides that if the Owners of the vacant and decayed Houfes 
 and Grounds do not re-edify the fame, within three years after Proclamation for that pur- 
 pofe by the chief Magiflrates of the Towns, thofe vacant and decayed Grounds, and 
 Jrioufes, fhall fall to the Lords of the Manors, and if in three years more thofe Lords do 
 not re-edify, then they fhall go to the Bodies Corporate of thofe Towns refpedtively, and 
 if they do not re-edify in three years more, the faid Grounds and Houfes fhall revert to 
 their firfl Owners. And there is then a laving to all perfons under age, under Coverture, 
 in Prifon or beyond the Se^, provided they re-edify within<hree years after the Difability 
 is removed. 
 
 Before I conclude this Scclion continues Deering, I cannot forbear taking notice of my 
 anonymous Author's blameable partiality for his native place, with regard to its beauty 
 and cleanlinefs. He is extremely angry with the Author of a Leonine Diftich which 
 he fathers upon .fome Stall-fed Monk^ viz. 
 
 Ncn, nifi confingam pc£um, Icudare Nottingham, 
 
 Gens fa'tet atque focus, fordidus ilk locus. 
 The which -he tranflates thus : 
 
 I cannot without Lye and Shame, 
 
 Commend the Town of Nottingham, 
 
 The People and the Fuel ftink. 
 
 The Place as fordid as a Sink. 
 If he think the lines to be very old, they could not at all afied the condition of Not- 
 tingham in his time. But fince they have fo highly provoked his indignation, let us fee 
 v.'hether the injuftice done the town by them be To great as he fain would make it. 
 
 In
 
 140 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. 
 
 [sec. VJ.]^ 
 
 In 1 64 1 the traveller efpecially in winter, found the Trent lanes very dirty and after' 
 he had pafTed the Leen bridge, the very foot of the town called the Bridge End, deep and 
 miry. At his nrft entrance into the narrow paffage which ufed to lead between two high- 
 precipices to the upper part of the town, he was from a parcel of little rock-houfes (if the 
 wind was northerly) faluted with a volley of fuffocating fmoke, caufed by the burning 
 of gorfe and Tanner's knobs. Every body knows the Iragrancy and cleanlinefs of Tan- 
 ners, Fellmongers and Curriers, many of which were then difperfed all over the town ; 
 the greateft thoroughfare in the town, Bridlefmith-Gate was then lined on both fides 
 with the rougheft kind of Black-fmiths-, tlie Market Place though fpacious, yet was- 
 paved but on one fide, and on the other called the Sands it was very miry. That place- 
 nearSt.Pcter'sChurch where the Monday Market was alter projected, was not paved, and 
 part of it was fo boggy that there was a bridge of planks laid a-crofs it with a fingle rail, 
 til! of late years, over which people did pafs not without danger in the night time-, all 
 St. I'et-r's Church-yard fide was low and dirty, and from the rock of the Church-yard 
 through Z?,'^tT-G'rt/i? to the Leen, was one continued fwamp and the ground was not 
 railed and paved till the year »****», (^a) when Mr. William Thorp and Mr. Lilly were 
 Chamberlains. All this is evident by what people remember to have obfervcd within 
 thefe 40 years, when the reader may judge whether the author of the Diftich has done 
 any more than delivered the naked truth. To me it is plain that the improvement of 
 the Town, by mending roads and raifing and paving llreets, as well as beautifying it 
 with fightly buildings, was a tafk left to later generations, who have indeed now done it 
 efFeftually, and no llrangeT who has taken the pains attentively to confider the fituation 
 and prefcnt buildings, the ftate of trade and manufiiiture, the plenty of provifions brought 
 to the Market, the excellent malt liquor brev.'ed at Nottingham, but will gladly fubfcribe 
 to what is faid of them in the following Lines ;" — 
 
 Fair Nottingham witli Vrilliant.he.iaty graced, 
 In ancient Shirewood'.s Soutli Weft Angle placed. 
 Where Northern Hills her tender Neck protC(fl, 
 With dninty Flocks of violden Fleeces fleckt, 
 Ko roaring Tcmpeft difconipofe her Mien, 
 Her Canopy ot State's a Sky fercne. 
 She on her lett Bclvoir's rich Vale defcrys, 
 On th' other, Clifton Hill regale her Eye>; 
 If from her lofty Seat ihe bows her Head, 
 There's at her Feet a fl )wry Carpet fpread 
 Britain's third Stream which runs with rapid force, 
 Ko fooner Spyj her, ijut retards his Courfe, 
 
 He turns, lie winds, he cares not to be gone, - 
 
 Until to her he firft his Homage done. 
 
 He ciieaitully his wat'ry Trihute pays, 
 
 And at her Footftool foreign Dainties lays. 
 
 With Afhduity her fa%'our Courts, 
 
 And richtrt Merchandize from Sea imports, 
 
 Ceres her Gift with lavifh hand beftows. 
 
 And Eacclius o'er his E'jit of Englifli Neflar glows. 
 
 Tiiy Suns O ! Njttingh.7m with fervour pray, 
 
 May no intelVnie Feuds ihy Blifs betray, 
 
 Health, Plenty, PIcafure, then will ne'er dec.ly^ 
 
 } 
 
 TOWN-HALL, TOWN GAOL, and COUNTY HALL. 
 
 The annexed view of the Town-hall and Prifon, in 1741, v/as taken by Paul Sanby, 
 and flood upon the fite of the prefent, reprefented below. Here the bufinefs of afiize 
 and lefTions, is tranfatfted. The entrance by fteps with iron railing, is to the Town-hall, 
 that in front, under the columns, is that of the prifon. 
 
 - The County-hall Hands higher up the ftreet, on the fame fide, near St. Mary's church. 
 
 The 
 
 r a Sec Index — ^Thcre was none printed to Deering's book; whicb is muft to its d-fcredit.
 
 (sec. VI.] Of THR TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. I4.I 
 
 The front is a plain building.of ftone, heavy and prifon like. Ir Was built in 1 770, on 
 the fite of an old wretched building, called Shire-Hall. Behind this buildi g is the 
 -County Prifon. From iome of the apartments of this placr, you have fine bird's-eye 
 views ot fome parts of the town down the defcending rock. In many indances you fee 
 the tops ot chimnies of one houfe on a level with the entrance into another, which to 
 ftrangers, who inhabit, or live in towns feared on a plain, is attrafting. In one place of 
 two it is almoft perpendicular, I was fliewn one of rhcfe precipices, I judge 70 feet deep, 
 • ■where a man jumped from his prifon to the bottom to gain his liberty. 
 
 Deering fays, " At the upper end of the High-pavement, almoil: over againfl: Mary-gate, 
 is the King's Hall, or the County or Shire Hall. 1 his though within the ToA'n !•> not 
 within the County of the Town of Nottingham, being excepted by the Charter of Henry 
 VI. and all the fublequent Charters. In this Hall the Afnze> and Seflions for the County 
 at large, as alio the County Court are held, &c. here likewife by the fuftVages of the 
 Freeholders the Knights of the Shire are chofen who are to ferve the County in Parlia« 
 ment, and the Coroners of the Shire, as well as the Verdercrs for the Foreft oi Sbirewood. 
 This Hall was built of ftone, 27 feet and a halt in front, and 54 feet deep, the courts ftood 
 facing one another, the Judge of the Common Pleas looking towards the fouth, and the 
 Judge of the King's Bench towards the north, (aj John Boun, Serjeantat-Law, did 
 fome years before the Civil-War, give an houfe having the Common Hall of the County 
 on the eaft, and another houfe, now (b) Sir Thomas Hutchinfon's, on the weft fide, to 
 be ufed by the Country People for the more convenient Tryals of iSifi prius, it was built 
 with arches open to the ftreet as it remains to this day. 
 
 I found a large pannelled table which formerly was hung up in the Hall, but fince the 
 repairing of the courts has been taken down,- cut in two, and made ufe of to repair the 
 weft end of the Nifi prius Bar ; upon this table were painted 23 coats of arms, with the 
 bearers names under each, with this infcription : 
 
 Thefe whole names and arms are here fet down, being then in the Corr.miiTion of the 
 i'eace for this County, were Contributors to the building of this fiall. A. D. 16 tS. 
 
 Some of thele arms and names are rubbed out and thole I have been able to make out 
 are the following : 
 
 " Lord Cavendifh, Lord Stanhope, Sir Percival Willoughby, Knt. Sir John Byron, 
 
 .Sir George Parkyns, Knr. Sir George Lafcelles, Knt. Sir Gervas Clifton, Bait. Sir Francis 
 
 Leek, Knt. Sir Thomas Hutchinfon, Knt. Folk Cartwright, fc,fq. Hardolph Waftnes, 
 
 Eiq. Robert Pierpoint, Efq Robert Sucton, Efq. John Wood, Efq. Robert Williamfon, 
 
 Efq. Lancelot Rollefton, Efq. Gervas Trevery, Efq." 
 
 By this table it appears that this houfe was given to the County upwards of 24 years 
 before rhofe inteftiiic troubles, (c) 
 
 Both Courts are at this time kept in the old Hall, and though of late repaired and al- 
 tered, fo that the Judge of the Crown faces the wtiland the Judge of the Con-mon Pleas 
 th& fouth, yet are they ftill very inconvenient. The old as well as the additional arched 
 
 * S Pi all 
 
 a Thoroton. page 403. b This was formerly ihe frsptrty of Nicholas Kcnn*rrty, artl it fonfiA\ied in the family of the Hutcliin- 
 'fon's 'till [ulius Hutf hini'on, 1 fq. fold it to tlie Jullitfs ol the Cvniniy o) >.ottinijhjin, at the peifuafion oi Sir Thor .as i aik) ns, 
 v^ thtn had a fcheme for putting it (Sown to enlarije the County Hill and Gaol, c It is 40 Uet is frynt and about 20 deep.
 
 142 
 
 HISTORV OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [sEC. VI. J 
 
 very indifiercnt condition, the (lone work is here and there patched up with 
 )rt 'tis hardly fit to bring any of his Majefty's Judges into, and indeed a ccr- 
 
 Hall is in a 
 
 brick, in fhort ^ _ . . .. _ 
 
 tain Judge being very much offended at it, inftead of ipeaking to the gentlemen of the 
 County in a perfuafive manner, laid a fine upon the Countyyf 2000I. but it not being 
 determined how the fame (hould be levied, fo far from forwarding the building of a new 
 Hall, it has rather retarded it ; however I would not be fufpecfled to doubt, that e'er long 
 the Gentlemen Juffices of the County, will agree on fome expedient for the honour of 
 their County and in duty and regard to his Majefty, (whofe Reprelentatives the Juftices 
 of AfTize are) for ereding a building worthy of themfelves, and fuitable for the reception 
 of the Minifters of Juftice. Under the old Hall was the Gaol for the Counties of Not- 
 tinc'ham and Derby, as feveral Charters exprefs, '.his is mod likely, that which King John 
 built. It is now converted into a Biewhoufc and Cellars, for the ufe of the gaoler, and 
 a new one is built behind the old Hall, leaving a light airy yard between. 
 
 Here I muft not omit to acquaint the reader, that as after the Norman Conqueft, this 
 town was divided into two Boroughs of feparate jurifdiclion •, fo there were alfo two 
 Town-Halls, of which that hitherto not mentioned feem.s to have been the beft building, 
 viz. of ftone, it flood in the French Borough, on the fpot where now the t'eather's Inn 
 is, fome ruins of the old Stone Work is ftill vifible about the (lables. The ftreet leading 
 from this houfe up to the Caftle, commonly called- by the people Frier-lane is in all 
 leafes termed Moot-hall-gate." 
 
 TflEATRE. 
 
 This place was- built by the late Mr. James Whiteley, mafler of a flrolling company 
 of players who had a circuit in the neighbouring counties, a great part of his mumming 
 life. He was a jovial and entertaining companion. Without, it has nothing attrafting -, 
 within it fhews a theatrical model. A remnant of king Whiteley 's merry-makers have 
 weathered many a fformy feafon, and ftill, upon their aged (lumps, tread, periodically, 
 their old mafter's boards. It is not every potentate, that penfions, after a life of fervitudCj 
 liis faithful fervants. This king James did, fay fome of his trufty Dons. 
 
 FREE SCHOOL.— Is noticed Page 40. 
 
 CHARITY SCHOOL. 
 
 This School Rands near the Town Gaol, on the High-Pavement ; it is a neat little 
 edifice. In the front are figures of a boy and girl. This Inflitution is chiefly fupported 
 by voluntary contribution. The fite, on which it (lands, was given by Mr. William 
 Thorp, Attorney. Here are alfo other Schools of inferior note, fupported by the liberal 
 and humane. VViikinfon's Boarding School, for young gentlemen,has been in the higheft 
 repute. Sec the year 1786, page 69. 
 
 The CASTLE.— See Page 17, Sedion 2. 
 
 SPIRITUAI^
 
 p'J^X 
 
 I- 1 1.1 1" I 'P i^H 
 
 l-JBW i. - ' 
 
 
 CHXPEIj - BAR.
 
 [sec. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM* I^j 
 
 SPIRITUAL COURT, 
 
 Jskcpt in the parifh church of St. Peter. There are in all i "2 pari Dies an J chapeh'ies 
 within the iiirifcii(5lion of the Arch deacon of Nottingham. 
 
 There is, befides, the juiifdidion of ^^outhweil, confiding of 28 pariflies and chapclries ; 
 and the juiifdiiStion of the Dean and Chapter ol York, ten pariOies and chapehics, and 
 thepecuhar of Kinalton, the Vicar of which is collated by the Arch bifliop of York, 
 and has ecclefiaftical iurifdidion, belonging to it, of which the V^icar is commiffary. 
 Nottingham, in ccckTiaftical matters, is under the ice ot York i it had once a fuirrntran 
 Bifliop. The laft was Kiciiard liarns, who officiated in the reign of Elizabeth. 
 
 MEDALS and COINS. 
 
 We are favoured with the following detail of fevrral which have been found in this 
 county, from Mr. Merrey's colledion of Nottingham, and a brief account of our 
 Englifli Coinage, by the lame gentleman. Author of the Remarks upon the Ccinage cf 
 England, lately printed by S.Tupman, Nottingham, and which have been commended by 
 all the Reviewers. 
 
 No. I. — 'About the year 1771, a number of Roman filver Medals were turned up by 
 the plough, in a field near Hickling, in this County: Among which was a fair 
 one with the head of the Emperor, and no other title than Divi F. Auguftus. On 
 the reverfe, the image of Apollo in robes, with his Harp, an emblem of Peace-, on the 
 exurge A. C. T. which fhews it to be ftruck upon the vidory obtained over Pompey 
 at Aiiium, whereby tranquillity was promoted throughout the empire, and made way 
 for the birth of the Pri»ce-cf-Peace, who was born about thirty years after. 
 
 There were many other Roman Emperors, as 1 ibeiius, Nero, Galba, Viteilius, Vef- 
 pafian, Titus Vefpafian, Domitian, Trajan, Hadrian, &c. and by far the mod of the 
 two laft named, but as we only propofe to copy a few, we llcp over others to give No. 2, 
 of Domitian, the twelfth Emperor; where we fhall find how titles had multiplied. — 
 Imp: Caes: Domit : Aug: Germ: PM: TR: PVII. On the reverfe, the imaore of 
 Minerva, (whofe fon he prefumed to call himfelf) in a walking pofture, a Lance in 
 her hand lifted up as ready to flrike, and her Shield on her left arm -, around Imp. XIIII. 
 Cos. XIII. Cens. P. P. P. Which abbreviations, on both fides, may be enlarged thus: 
 Impcrator, Cae/ar, Domitianus, Augujlus^ Germanicus, Pontifen maxitnus, Trihinitia pctejlate 
 the feventh time, Impcrator the fourteenth time, Conful the thirteenth time. Perpetual Cen- 
 fcr, and Pater patriae or Father of his country. This Medal was ftruck near ninety 
 years after the birth ot Ghrift, and one hundred and twenty after the former medal of 
 Auguftus. 
 
 The Romans frequf'ntly ftruck medals of the Fmpreffes ; in thofe found at Hicllingy 
 there were ten of the elder P'auflina, and two of her daughter, who was wife to the 
 Emperor Antoninus the PhilofophT. 
 
 No. 3, is a copy of one of the latter-, around the htzdiFauJlina Augufla. Reverfe, the 
 Errprefs in robes, the wand, an emblem ot dignity and powei, in one hand, and holding 
 our the other as prelenting a child to the Empire. Motto, /^fc//;?^//^?^, which feems co 
 imply a wifli that the h mprels night have more children. A« ftie was married Anno 
 i^i^y the medal was probably ftruck the year alter. She died Anno 177. 
 
 The
 
 , .. HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [SEC. VI.] 
 
 The Romans began to coin filver 290 years before Clirift, and foon fixed upon a fize 
 and wciolu to which they nearly adhered five or fix centuries. They wete not fo broad 
 as our fixpence but thicker, fo as to weigh near eightpence of our prefent money ; they 
 ■were two of thefe pieces the good Samaritan left with the hoft, though it is trandated a 
 penny in the New Teftament. The imprefTions exhibit great art and tafte, a ftriking 
 likenefs of the perfon intended, and with ftrong relief until the latter end of their power, 
 when the arts declined. 
 
 Their current Copper and Brafs Medals were of various fizes, great numbers are 
 found as large as our crown-piece, but in the lower Empire money became fcarce, and 
 no large ones are found, nay ibme are fo fmall as not to weigh the third part of our 
 farthinf^. In 1776, there were found, at Epperfton, ten miles trom Nottingham, abouc 
 a thouftnd Roman copper coins, nearly of a fize and weight with our farthing, of ten 
 diflFercnt Emperors ; but as they are very common we Ihall only give one. 
 
 No. 4, has the head of a man of years, with radiated Crown, the Legend Imp. jieliamis, 
 p. P. Reverfe, the image of Vidtory, Motto, ViHoria Aug. This Emperor in 267, 
 ufurped that title and enjoyed it only a month at Mentz, in Germany, when he was fub- 
 tdued by Pofthumus who had ulurped in Britain. 1 he medal is fo rare that a late Effay 
 on Medals^ fays, there have been none found, and indeed this was the only one of the fort 
 in the thoufand. 
 
 We will now turn to the Britifli Coinage, and give a fample of different ages. 
 
 No. 5, is a very ancient coin, fuppoled to be too valuable, for when made, for com- 
 raon uie; it is a mixture of gold and filver, and weighs four penny-weights. 
 
 In Gibfon's Edition of Cainden, page 697, we have a copy of it, and in page 648, he 
 fays, " From this and others it is manifeft the Britains had gold and filver reins of 
 their own, before the Koman conqueft." One fide of it is a little convex and the other 
 concave upon which is a very rude defign of the Britifli Horfe which was always in great 
 efleem. The antiquity of it was confirmed by one eminently (killed in medals. 
 
 No. 6, is an Anglo Saxon penny of AetheUred Rex Atigio. As there were two of the 
 
 name, this is fuppoJcd to be the latter, who began his reign in 979. The reverfe, fays 
 
 .Camden, page I bo, " Seems to be a devout ackncw ledgrrient ot his being luftained by 
 
 the hand ot Almighty God, who is Alpha and Omega;" the two Greek letters at the 
 
 Udes of the hand. T he letters around fliew it to have been coined by Thwketel, at 
 
 ■ Tcrkjcy, a town ffparated frcm this county by the river Trent. 
 
 No. 7, is a penny of William ot Scotland, who reigned from ii(:6 to 1213, and 
 
 .though fo long a reign his coins were very fcarce ; this was found with tbofe at Elton, 
 
 in this County, and ihc only whole one ot the fort, there was halt ot one tound with 
 
 .them ; for in thule days ihcy trequently cut pennies into halves and qi.aiters ior the lake 
 
 , of change. 
 
 Thoui^h this was coined 200 years after Eltheldred's time the execution is much 
 worie, Dnd fhcws how backward the art of coining was in Scotland. 
 
 'Jo Ihew how the art fioofl in h iigland, we give in No. 8, a penny of Henry the third, 
 who bfj^aj: his reign but three yeats alter the death of Wiiiiam of Scotland ; it is one of 
 
 thqfc
 
 'BJW^j. *v,/.
 
 [■^iC. VI.] Or THE TCWN OF NOTT IN'GHA M, 
 
 H: 
 
 thofe fouiul at Elton. Hovuhs Rcx. Rcverfe, WoMcr c? /.//r, fen- London, Tlie Cfiin • 
 oi- England at this time confillf J of liU'cr [K'nnifs only, tliere being no piece of money 
 larger nor If fs, tor fomc hundred years betore, and the coinage ot gold had been dil'ufed 
 honi the time of Athclftan, Anno 930, though it was ufed in laiye payments in Bv- 
 zants and Ingotts. Our pound tterling was a pound weight of filver coined into 2I0 
 pennies, and the penny was a penny -weight, or nearly the weight of our prefent three- 
 pence; it would at that time do more than pay a labouring man for his day's work, or 
 purchafcapeck of corn; and hence the Roman piece ofTiK-cr might be tranOated a- 
 penny becaufe it would nearly do the fame in the time of our Saviour, as we perceive 
 by the parable of the Labourer?. 
 
 No. 9. — To prevent the neceflity of cutting pennies, there were farthings and halfpence' 
 coined about the year 1300. No. 9, is a halfpenny ot fc/cc;. 11. Angl. Dtis. Hyb. that is 
 King of England and Lord of Ireland ; he was the firfl: who took the latter title upon 
 the coin; Rev. Civitas, London. The name of the Mintcr being left out. The weight 
 of this piece is eleven grains, which fliews it w.as' (truck before the reducT:ion of our 
 filver money took place. This, with many more, as v/ell as pennies of the fame Kine:, 
 Edward the third, v/ere found in digging a drain about a mile fouth of Nottinohim m 
 1785.. 
 
 No. 10. — Edward the third was the firft of our Kings alter the conqueft, who, (in 
 1 344) coined gold in a fufficicnt quantity to make it current. Several of his Rofe Nobles 
 and their halves were found amongft the rubbidi carried from a houfe repaired upon the' 
 Long- row, Nottingham, in i 782 : among them there was one more rare than the refl, 
 of the Duke of Burgundy and Earl of Flanders, and fo much like the Englini Noble, 
 that it will not be necefiary to give a copy of both -, they are rhe fame in fize, and fine- 
 nefs of gold, about five penny-weights each, the difference is in the LegtnJ, and a fmall 
 diftinftion in the arms which the duke holds on his arm as a fhield ; for in the place of the 
 lions there are bends dexter, while the fluer-de-lis are quartered (the duke being related 
 to the French king) in the fame manner as our Noble. The Legend, P. H S. Die 
 Gra: Dux Burg : Comes & Dns : Fiend. The initial letters are obfcure, and probably 
 done fo on purpofe that they might the eafier pafs for our Englifli Noble ; it is thouo-ht 
 the piece was ftruck by Phillip, who became Duke of Burgundy, 1349. The reverie, 
 is fmiilar to our noble, and the fame motto, 1. H. C. JuWm ■franjiens. Per Medium Illorum 
 Jbat. That is, Jefus paffed through the midftof them and went his way. St. Luke, 
 Chap. 4, Ver. 30. If it fhould be afked why (hould a foreign Prince counterfeit the 
 gold coin of England, and yet ufe as good gold as our own? I anfwer it has moftly been 
 a fault in this country, to value gold at more filver than it was worth, it is the fault of 
 the prefent day ; but Edward, in his firft coinage, attempted to make a confiderable profit, 
 aMd ordered the noble to go for more filver than any nation in Europe thoucrht it worth : 
 hence if they paid us for wool, &c. in coined gold, lefs weight would do than if they had 
 paid in ingots -, and no foreigner would pay in filver becaule he could |)rocure Flanders 
 rofe nobles at t-n per cent, cheaper than we valued them at. T he people of England 
 were fo fenfible of this, that they refufed to give change for the King's nobles, though by 
 proclamations and threats he ftrove to enforce the circulation ; and the parliament, to 
 
 T protedl'
 
 146 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [SEC. VI.] 
 
 proteft the people, pafled a law, that " None fliould be compelled to take the new money 
 within the fum of twenty (hillings," which, at that time, was nearly a pound weight of 
 lilver, and in the purchafe of provifions, labour, &c. was equal to ten pounds fterling of 
 the prelent money. This aft of parliament has hardly been mentioned by either Hif- 
 torian? or Antiquaries, and confequently never accounted for, which it is hoped will 
 plead an excufe for the writer introducing it here, efpecially as the fame fault of valuing 
 our gold too high (though government gets nothing hy it now) is the real caufe of the 
 fcarcity of filver for fifty years pafl. The reader may find this fubjeft more fully ex- 
 plained in the Remarks on the Coinage of England, printed by Mr. Tupman, Nottingham. 
 
 No. 1 1. — Is a quarter noble of Edward the third, more rare than the noble. It was 
 found in' a garden near the new burial-ground in Woolpack-lane, Nottingham, 1791. 
 
 . The Legend Eckcai: D. G. Rex. yhg!. & Franc. Reverfe, the Rofe like the 
 
 Noble, but the motto, Exr.ltahiturin Gloria: He fhall be raifcd in glory. Weight 29 
 
 grains. 
 
 No. 1 2. — This King, having, by different fteps, reduced the penny from twenty three 
 grains to eighteen ; and filver becoming of lels value compared with every neceffary of 
 lile, in 1333, introduced the coining of groats (then called Groffes) of 72 grains, and 
 their halves. This No. is a fample of the firit enlargement of our filver money. The 
 Legend Ed-ward, D. G. Rex. Angl. Era, fc? Dns. liyb. On the reverfe is added, an ex- 
 terior rim, with this motto, Pcfui Deum Adjutorem meum : That is, I have made God my 
 defender. 
 
 Though the praftice of reducing the weight of our filver money was continued by 
 feveral fucceeding Kings, fo as to bring the groat from 72 grains to 4^^, in the time of 
 Henry the feventh, (and in fucceeding reigns to 32 grains) yet the fame mannir of plac- 
 ing the head with a full face, and the fame motto and place of mintage on the reverfe, 
 was continued until the year 1 504. And it is obfervable, that during the preceding 300 
 years, there does not appear to have been fo much as an attempt to preferve any fimili- 
 tude of the feveral Kings in the imprefTion of the face; for, Mr. Folkes obferves, al- 
 though Henry the fixth became king when only nine months old, and reigned above' 
 38 years, yet can no difference be obferved in his countcrnance, by which his firft monies 
 and his laft may be dillinguifiied from each other; and we may further obferve, they 
 never placed a d.ite \ pon any money till the reign of Edward the fixth, 1548. Henry 
 the third, in his twenty feventh year, 1242, began to diftinguifii one kinj from another, 
 .ot the fame name, by adding 111 to his name upon fome pennies, and T'erci upon others, 
 yet his fucceffors, the Henries, Edwards, and Richards, never adopted the improvement 
 'till Henry the feventh, 1504. 
 
 No. 13. — We therefore as a fample of the firfl confiderable improvement, gave 2 groat 
 with the king's heatl, and a likenefs of his face. Legend Ilenric VII. De Gra Rex. Agl. 
 i3 F. Reverfe, the arms of England in a fiiield, mgtiy pcfui Deum, &c. as before. 
 
 ^ The coinage C(;ntinued to improve through the reign of Henry the eighth, and larger 
 pieces were introdiiced into common circulation equal to three g;oats, taking the name 
 i;t 1 eitoons. But in his time the fiiver coin was fo dcbafed as to be more than half brafs, 
 and v.hen the ejctreme inconveni'^ncy was lekj and the coin rcilored to its former purity 
 
 -by
 
 [sec. VI.] OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 14^ 
 
 by his foil Edward, the Tefboon was ordered to go for no more than half of what is was 
 firfl: coined for, and hence the name ot Teftoon or Tefler for a fixpence, and then the 
 piece of three groats took the name of (hilling, which was a weight originally of the 
 twentieth part of a pound or twelve penny-weights. 
 
 No. 14. — To fhew the improvement oi our coin about fixty years afrcr the laft, we 
 
 give a gold half fovereign of Edward the fixth -, where wc find a youthful countinancc 
 
 and no ornament upon his head, around which, inftead of titles, the motto Scutum Fidti 
 
 Prote^et eum. or, the (hield of faith fhall proteft him. On the reverie, Edivara FJ. D. G. 
 
 Jgl. Fra. 6f Hib. Rex. Around a garnillied efcutchion with the arms of England. 
 
 From the time of Edward the third to the end of Elizabeth's reign, the pound fterling 
 had been reduced to one third of its original weight, confequently the penny was under 
 eight grams; yet fuch was the attention in thofe times to accommodate the public with 
 change, that there were pieces of filver current in her reign of a halfpenny, of three far- 
 things, of a penny, of three halfpence, of two-pence, of thiee-pence, a groat, fix-pence, 
 and up to five (hillings •, for people in thofe days expedtcd to have real value in their coin, 
 and therefore copper was not current. The quantity of filver coined in her reign was 
 four millions and a half fterling, and if we confider the fmallnefs of the coin, we may 
 reafonable fuppofe there were more pieces of money ftnick in a year, through her long 
 reign than has ever been done at the mint either befoie or fince -, this was occafioned by 
 a flow of filver from the new worlds, which created fuch a hurry of bufinefs as to check 
 the improvements in her coinage, which otherwife we might jufily expedl would have 
 taken place. From thefe cauics her coins are lb fimilar and lb very common, as are thofe 
 of James and CharJes the firft, that we pafs them over except, in one inftance, being 
 local. 
 
 No. 15. — It frequently happened in the civil-wars when the demand for money was 
 urgent, and artifl:s not at hand, that very poor dies were made ufe of; or if a town was 
 befieged, they coined money with the beft ftamp they could get made, fo that if a man 
 could not form the likenefs of a King, he might cut a crown and a few figures, without 
 titles, or motto: ofthislbrt is No. 15. On one fide O.B.S. for Obfidium or feige ; 
 Newark, 1646 : On the other fide was the figures for the value in pence as VI, IX, XII, 
 and XXX. We readily perceive how conveniently thefe pieces might be (liaped out of 
 old plate, and be adjuflcd in weight by the fiieers. 
 
 Soon after the rclloration, the mill and fcrevv were adopted, which coined our money 
 much handfomer and would preferve it from chipping, but having been in common cir- 
 rulation for near 130 years, renders them no objed: of curiofity, unlefs we except the 
 firft of the fort cut by the famous artifi: named Simon, bearing the head of Oliver Crom- 
 well. This crown piece, it is faid, has not been equalled by any other artift fince. The 
 writer of this will cheerfully ihew it, and many other coins and Roman medals, to any 
 perfon defirous of feeing them. 
 
 The plate exhibits the true fize of the coins, and it is only jiiftice due to Mr. Wigley, 
 the engraver, to fay they are copied with tafle and minute exaftnefs in every particular. 
 
 Since the plate v.as publifhed, there have been found near Calverton, ieven miles from 
 Nottingham, a broken pot which had contained near 200 Rom.an filver medals of fize 
 
 and
 
 ,.3 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [sEC. VI. J' 
 
 and quality of the three firft in the plate, but moHly of Trajan and Hadrian who reigned 
 from the year 98 to 1 38. 
 
 The coins, &c. below, are from the collection of Mr. Win. Stretton, of Nottingham, 
 (who on every occafion required, has ihewn a readinefs to aid the piofecution of this 
 v/ork) except No. 8, which is in the poffefllon of Mr. J. W. Kcliingley, of Nottingham. 
 See Mr. Stretton's collcdions of Tradelmens' Tokens, page ^6. 
 
 About the year 1789, there were found amongft fome land, which had been dug near 
 the Foreft, on the noith fide of the town of Nottingham, feveral Pennies of Edward the 
 Confcflbr, in high preftrvation; five varieties of which are given in the annexed plate, 
 one of them being of the Nottingham mint, and is noticed by Thoroton, is a great 
 curiofity, and the only one 1 have leen. 
 
 No. I. — Edward Rex. The King's head, bearded, having on a kind of Conical 
 Cap, or Crown, fet round with Pearls -, in his hand the Scepter, ending in a Crofs. 
 . Reverfe, FofLSE OS Snoting, {Nottingham.) A Crols voided, with an Annulet in 
 the centre. Weight, 2 1 grains and a half. 
 
 No. 2. — The fame, without the Pearls round the Crown. 
 
 Reverfe, Lude on Eqferice, {I'ork). A Crofs voided, with an Annulet in thecen- 
 ter, and one in the fourth Qiiarter. Weight 22 grains. 
 
 No. 3. — The fame as No. i. the Scepter ending in a Lelly inftead of a Crofs. 
 
 Revafe, Brunting on Leic, (Leicffer). Arms the fame as No. i. Weight 19 
 
 grains and a half. 
 
 No. 4. — Edward Rex Angi . The King fitting on a Throne, having an imperial 
 Crown on his head, with the Haftapura in his right hand, and the Orb and Crofs in his 
 left. 
 
 Rcverfc,.BRiNT\v\-N on Wall, {jrallingford). An open Crofs between four Mart- 
 lets. Weight 2 1 grains. 
 
 No. 5. — Edward Rex. Types as No. i. 
 
 Reverfe, Leofrine on Sand, \Sandwicb). Lypcs as No. i — Weight 19 grs.& a half. 
 
 No. b, 7, & 8, — are the Half Crovun, Ninepence, and Sixpence of Cliarles the Fuft's, 
 coined at Newark j which with the Shilling given in the preceding plate, are all the varieties' 
 coined there during the fiege. 
 
 The following to No. 15, are Tradefmens' Tokens, not noticed in plate, page 56. 
 
 No. 9. — Thomas Cocking, Chandler, in Nottingham. 
 
 No. 10. — -Henry Lambe, ni Newarke, his Halfpenny, 1667, 
 Noe want where thele are. 
 
 No. II. — Joh. Hodges, his Halfpenny, in Nottingham. 
 
 No. 12. — Richard I'urpin, Chandler, in Nottingham. 
 
 No. 13. — Jolhua Elliion, in Nottingham, 1666. 
 
 No. 14. — Chriftopher Hall, in Nottingham. 
 
 No. 15. — W. N. ot Nottingham, his Halfpenny, 1657. 
 Meal and Salt. 
 
 No. 16. — The common Seal of the Town of Nottingham, which is coeval with the 
 Charter of Kmg John. 
 
 VENTRILOQUIST
 
 [sec. VI.] OF THE TOVVV CF NOTTIMGHAMs X'i 
 
 During the life rime of the Lite Borhce Warren Efq. and Sir Ch;irks Setlley, the races 
 were kept up in a ftile tar fiiperior to any tiling that has been done, in that way, either be- 
 fore or lince tlicir time; they were f ufing an ordinary cxL-renion) the life and loul of the 
 fport here. The eflforcs to make this ground rivalled by none, are now ftrongly vifible 
 in the fences and odaer improvements, ac prefent, in a llate of decay. IhcCirand 
 Stand was crcded in 1777, as has been obferved in page 6^^. This elegant building 
 dcferves notice, I have therctore given an elevation of it here, which will convey 
 to the reader, lijiacquainted with this Race-fland, an idea of its (tile and grandeur. The 
 upper part, like other buildings of this fort, in fair weaiher, is occupied by the ladies 
 and gentlemen during the heats, the lower apartm:'nts are ufed as accomodation raoms 
 for refrelliment. 
 
 The hills within the race ground, and thofe without, are amphitheatrically formed, 
 and ferve the numerous fpeclators that attend the Ijport-, upon the latcer, are ecei^led, » 
 number of flabies for the ufe of racers. 
 
 Here is an annual king's plate run for. 
 
 VEGETABLES 
 About Nottingham, I will jufl: notice from Deering, who was a writer on the fubjecft ; — 
 
 " It we caft an eye on Vegetables, which nature here fpontaneoufly produces, the foil a- 
 bout Nottingham mayjuClly be called a Phyfic Garden, abounding in great variety of ufe- 
 ful Plants, as may be eafily feen by the Catalogus Stirpium, pubFifhed by me in the year 
 173JJ, to which I fhall refer my reader, I fliall in this place only fet down what fcarce 
 plants, both of the imperfect and perfeifl kind are met with hereabout, more frequently 
 than (Ifewhere. 
 
 fungus's. Fungoides clavatum coloris aurantii : not in the Synopfis. It is cx- 
 adf ly of the flupe of the Pillillum of Aron. 
 
 Fungoides clavatum comprelTum fummitatibus lutcis ; not in the Synopfis. This 
 has white and fomewhat flat foot-ftalks, the tops of which are of a pale yellow^ are fpread 
 thin and wrinkly, the whole is of a foft fpungy fublbnce. 
 
 Fungoides minimum fufco luteum digniratum apicibus obtucis albis: not in' the Sy- 
 nopfis. It is not quite an inch long of a brownifli yellow colour, fending forth very fhorc 
 branches, which terminate in round white knobs. 
 
 Fungi Clathroides nigri pediculis donatt Dr. Dillenius r not in the Synopfis. Thefe 
 groiv in clutters, are ot the fize, fliape and colour, of moufe-turds, having on the top a 
 little oblique awn, and at the bottom, a fhort foot-italk not much thicker than a horfe- 
 hair. 
 
 Fungus favaginofus. Syn. 1 1 Park. Rugofus vel cavernofus five merulius. J. B. 
 The Morel. 
 
 Fungus Phalloydes. Syn. 12. J. B. Virilis Penis arreoti facie. Ger. Stink Horn. 
 
 Fungus pulverulentus coli inflar perforatus cum volva Stellata Dood. Syn. 2S Stcl- 
 li formis Merr. Pin. Lycoperdon veficarium Stellatum Inft. R. H. 
 
 ByiTus aureus Derbienfis humifufus. Syn. 50. found in the ftone wall of Colwick 
 church. Saffron colour'd filken Stone mols. 
 
 Byfllis fufco-purpuria petrsa gelatinam referens. Not in the Synopfis. 
 
 BvfTus
 
 152 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. [SEC. VI.] 
 
 ByfTus petreaea galacinam referens nigerrima. Not in the Synopfis. 
 
 Ulva marina tenuifTimaet comprena, Syn. 63. 
 
 Lichenoides cruftaceum peregrinis velut Uteris in Scriptum. Syn. 71. 
 
 Lichenoides cruftaceum nigerrimum e meris papiUis conflatum. Not in the Synopfis. 
 
 Lichenoides tufco nigricans membranaceum gelatinollim majus folus latioribus Lich- 
 enis inftar difpofitus. Not in the Synopfts. 
 
 Bryum trichoides auriiim capilUis pyriformebiis nutantibiis. Dr. Dillenius to whom I 
 font it i this Mofs is mentioned by nobody that I know of-, I iound it in Nottingham Park, 
 growing to the loof of one of the Rock-Holes, it bears heads in IMay. 
 
 Caryophylkis minor repens noftras. Syn. 335, 
 
 An VirginiusGer. Common here. 
 
 Lychnis fylveftris, alba nona Cliifii. Syn. 339, Wild white Catchfly ; on the wall 
 of Nottingham caftlc-yard, and on the rock at Sneinton Hermitage plentifully. 
 
 Colchium commune. Syn. 373. Meadow Saffron, in Nottingham Meadows, efpe- 
 cially on the Rye hills, and on both fides the toot-path, going to Wilford, in abundance. 
 
 Gramen tremulum medium albis glumis non difcriptum. In a hollow lane between 
 Pleafiey and Mansfield. 
 
 Verbafcum pulverulentuno flore tuteo parvo. J. B. Syn. 287. On a wall in Sheep- 
 Lane, Nottingham, alfo on the outfide ot the garden walls on the rock of the High-pave- 
 ment. 
 
 Fetafites major floribus longis pediculis infidentibus. Syn. 1 79. In the mill-yard at 
 Lenton, in the road to Wollaton." 
 
 Deering, pages 70 and 71, has been minute in noticing mofl of the articles of food, 
 and their prices, in his time, confequently he has included the vegetables in ordinary ufe. 
 The following are a part only of what he has given ; enough for our purpofe, to Ihew 
 Lie difterence of the prices, in about 60 years, of feveral of the articles of life. 
 
 Deering. Average of the laft 5 years. July 1795. 
 
 arcad. Lorn, London BuflicI from 3s. 6J. to 4s. — Wht-at 7s. per ftrike — i8s. 
 
 Isarlty, at a medium, i6s. per qr. , .,5s 5^5 
 
 Oats 7s. to I OS. - _ 2V - 40sl 
 
 ccans and Peas between 16s. to 32?. per qr. 02s. cos 
 
 Beef, Veal, Mutton, Lamb, Pork, pr. ft. of 141b. 3s. — 4s 8d — 6s. 
 
 Butter, 6d per lb. — _ _ 8d. hf-pennv. - od. 
 
 tggs, i6for4d. _ _ _ _ 8d. _ j^d, 
 roultry, there has been but little variation in proportion to other things ennumcratcd. 
 
 Vegetables in general jfc for tables, he fays, were fold in proportion to turnips id per bunch. 
 
 5d. — IS. 
 
 4j O --.,«.u,^ 
 
 Potatoes per peck, from 6d. to 8d. 
 
 P'int and ftrong ale, 4d. per quart, 2.d 5d" 
 
 Rye, 14s. to i6s. per quarter, _ /^/^ _ (^^5/ 
 
 Riy at a medium, 30s. per ton. — »_ ^gg, _ goj. 
 
 SNEINTON
 
 »♦
 
 S NEvy T o:v
 
 PRESENT STATE, OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. je^ 
 
 SNEINTON. 
 
 This I.ordn-.ip, as Dr. Thoroton calls it, is a member of Sc. Mary's Nottingham ; and 
 
 now may be almolt confidcred as makin<^^ a part ot that place, by its vicinity. i'hc 
 
 views, iubjoined, are merely {l<etches-, but which, perhaps, may convey a bttter idea of 
 this place than a defcription alone. The rock which conftiiutcs' the hamlet, or rather its 
 Icite, is congenial with that of Nottingham, a loft fandy (lone, which extends in a line 
 nearly parallel with the Trent, fcveial miles, as you pafs towards Gedling. 1 he chapel, 
 figure I, ftands upon the fummit ot the rock ; hgure 2 and 3, are views belov/, nearly in 
 oppofite direftions. Some of the inhabitants, here, dwell as it were, in dens and caves 
 of the earth, called the Hermitage. This romantic fcene, if it lay in regions, feldom ex- 
 plored v/ould afford a wonderful fcope for fanciful relation. The traveller mif^ht fur- 
 prize his reader (as doubtlefs fome do by exaggeration and embellilTiment, and,°in that 
 cafe, he would not fail to relate his own atlonifliment at what he faw) he would fliew a 
 people inhabiting the very bowels of the earth ; and he might magnify, or reduce their 
 fize, with eafe, to that of a giant or a dwarf. Here is a coffee houfe and other public 
 buildings reforted to by the hollowday-making people of Nottingham. 
 
 From the brow of the eminence you have a tine view of the adjacent country. The 
 mod diflant profpedl I faw, hence, is that bold feature, the LeiceflerOiire foreft rock, the 
 diflance from fome part of it is about twenty miles. Belov.', the feat of Mr. Mufters, 
 Colwick- Hall, feated by the fide of the Trent, is a pleafing objeft. 
 
 The dairy people here are famed for fummer cheefe, commonly called foft-cheefe. 
 
 Sneinton fields was honoured, as a place of rendezvous, Tuefday, July 14., 1795, fo.- 
 the Nottinghamfnire Gentlemen Yeomanry Cavalry, the day they received their ftandards.. 
 Therefore here let the hiftory of that day be recorded, in memory of that refpedable 
 corps, who ftept forth in the moft momentuous and awful period of our hiftory, when 
 the Throne feemed tottering, the moft glorious fabric of a Conftitution mightly aflailed, 
 and our holy religion attacked by a wild and frantic philofophy, which has occafioned 
 the butchery, fome compute, of at leail 50000 human vicflims, of all ages, and of each 
 lex-, configned, by the moft tyrannical tribunals, to perifh in rivers, by the bullet, and 
 on the fcaffold ; befides uncalculated numbers by the fword in battle. Thank God, that 
 calm reafon here, (and in that unhappy country where the fulFerings of her people, all 
 good men pity) has, feemingly, relumed its empire. If we cannot draw a veil over thofe 
 direful events, let us charitable judge, with tempearnce,of the intentions of thofe who fof- 
 tered principles produdlive of fo much evil. Let us attribute, in fome mealure, the caufc, 
 partly to the abufe of power in former governors, and to a fuccefTion of theoretical 
 writers, on governments, of the laft and prefent century. By fuch a juil and amiable 
 opinion, the agitated minds of men, of all dclcriptions, may find reft after this ter- 
 rible tempeft, thus men may live in peace and with good will towards each other. 
 
 CEREMONT of prefenting the STANDARD?, (a) 
 
 Tuefday laft, according to public advertifement, the refpc(5tivc troops of Nottingham- 
 
 U fhire 
 
 a The account is taken, with but lif.le variat.'cpjfrum that in tl.e Nottingham Journ»],
 
 154 HISTORy OF TJIE TOWN AND COUNTY. PRESENT STATE. 
 
 fhire Yeomanry Cavalry (comprifing Nottingham, Newark, Retford, and Mansfield) 
 mtt together at this place to receive their Colours. The day proving exceeding fine^ 
 it prompted an innumerable concourfe of fpe&ators, to view th^ novelty of the fcene. ' 
 
 About ten o'clock, the tioops took their ground in Sneinton Field, from whence they 
 rode in regular military pirocefljon to the market-place, and, forming afquare in front of 
 the Exchange-Hall, the windows of which being filled by ladies ot the firffc rank and. 
 fafhion, — the fight became truly enchanting — every one feemed pleafed — and, doiibtlefs, 
 admired the patriotic fpirit of their countrymen. The four troops being drawn up in 
 the front of the Exchange-Hall, in the market-place, and an efcort being detached to 
 attend the Standards, they were handed from the windows to Charles Pierrepont, Efq. 
 M. P. and Thomas Webbe Edge, Efq. who accompanied by the Rev. Charles Eyre, as 
 Chaplain, advanced to the centre of the regiment, where they were met by Colonel Eyre, 
 to whom Mr. Pierrepont prefentcd the Royal Standard, on the part of Mrs. Lumlejr 
 Savile, v ith the following addrefs: — 
 " Gentlemen, 
 
 " Next to the honour of being your Reprefentative, I know no greater than being de- 
 puted to prefent you this Standard, which comes from the hands of beauty, and is 
 configned to thole of Honour: — If as Englifhmen, and Nottinghanifhire men, the name 
 of Savile was dear to us before, it will now be doubly fo. — May your laurels be ever 
 entwined with myrtle; and may the conduft of the corps be as irreproachable and me- 
 ritorious, as that of its commander." 
 
 To which Colonel Eyre returned an anfwer as fo^Uows: 
 
 « Sir, 
 
 " In the name of the whole corps I muft requeft you to return our v/armeft thanks to 
 Mrs. LumJey Savile, for the particular honour Die has conferred upon us in prcfentin^ 
 us with the Royal Standard: alTure her, that its Glory .Qiall never be tarnifhed in our 
 hands, that, v/e fliall cherifli and guard it, as well from affedion, as duty ; that, zealous 
 in the caufe in which we are engaged, and animated by the patronage of our fair country- 
 women, we truft we fliall ever bear it in the paths of viftoiy — and v/e are refolved never 
 to part with it but with our lives !" 
 
 Mr. Edge then prefented the Provincial Standard, with an addrefs to the followino- 
 
 purport ; 
 
 " Gentlemen, 
 
 'I In prefenting you the Provincial Standard, allow me to reca! to your memor)', that, 
 in the unnatural rebellion in 1745, the only county corps that ferved in quelling it was 
 raifed in this province; — where they ferved, is known to every one — how they ferved, is 
 
 recorded in the hiftory of their country: and I trull in its gratitude. The Lady, in 
 
 whofe name I have the honour to prefent you this cnfign, is the daughter of a General 
 Officer of diftinguiflicd reputation, and the wife of one who is fcrvmg his country at 
 this moment with the greateft zeal, aftivity, and fuccefs. ----...._ 
 ----- —A^ay ibe PRisEST IVylRREN prove iberuTVRE HO^FE." 
 
 Colonel Ejre then addrefled him thus : 
 
 " Sir,
 
 PRESENT STATE. OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM, I55 
 
 " Sir, 
 
 " In the name of the whole corps I muft beg you to affure Lady Warren, that we feci 
 moit feiilibly the honour Hie has done us in preftnting us with the Provincial Standard, 
 which allows us the enviable privilege of regarding her as our peculiar patronci's : — atfure 
 Jier, that we will not part with it but with our lalV drop of our blood ! — and that, as the 
 influence of her charms has already borne the palm of victory over the feas, we feel the 
 animating hope, that the fame fucccfs will attend us wherever we march under her pro- 
 pitious patronage.' 
 
 The chaplain then confecrared the Standards with a futable Prayer (a). 
 
 Colonel Eyre then delivered the Standards to the Comets of the regiment, with this 
 flaort cxhoitation : — 
 " Gentlemen, 
 
 " It is with the greateil: confidence that I trufl: thcfc Standards to your hands, as I 
 am convinced that you are fenfible ot the facrednefs of the depolic, and that you will 
 not deliver them up but with your lives." 
 
 CoLcnel Eyre then advanced to the regiment, and in the mofl diftinft and animated 
 manner, addre fled them thus : — 
 " Gentlemen, 
 
 " In the names ot Mrs. Lumley Savile, and of Lady Warren, I have thct honour to 
 prefent you the Standards of the Regiment, which it is your duty to defend with your lives. 
 I flatter myfelf that few exhortations will be nccefl'ary to induce you to fill this duty: 
 when you confider the caufe in which they are fet up, — the caufe ot your King, — of 
 your Confl:itution, — of your Religion, — and every thing that is dear to Man, or facred 
 
 to God. A neighbouring Nation having torn afunder ail the bounds of civil fociety, 
 
 having trodden under foot all lav;s human and divine, has dared in the hour of her in- 
 folence, to threaten this country with invafion, and relying for afTiftance on the traiterous 
 promifes of fome difatfefted individuals within this realm, has ventured to hope that 
 fhe might plant her deftruftive principles in this foil; — Butltruft that the univcrfal 
 loyalty and attachment to the Conftitution, which have been manifeded through the 
 kingdom, will convince her of the folly of her expe'flations, and that we fliall fecure to 
 ourlelves Peace and Tranquillity, by being prepared for War ! 
 
 It muft give the mod heart- felt fatisfadtion to every good citizen to fee the number of 
 Volunteers, who, at this alarming crifis, have ftood forwards in fupport of our country, 
 
 and 
 
 a " O AlmJglily GOD, who ali ne art the difpofer of all human event?, and who lifttnethto tliecry of thufe wlio call upon Tl cc, 
 look down, we hclccc li ilu.-e, with an eye ol pity and conipadion upmi the miferitj whii h at this time overwclm a great part ol 
 thy i>eoplc; avert iVoni us, O Lord, the dillrelfcs that await the prufanalion of thy Name, and keep tn ftedfalUy in thy V.iiih. — . 
 Have mercy, O Lord, upon all tliofe who have wandered from thy way-, hring them bark to the palh^ of inith, and Aablilh 
 them onre more in thy true Ueligiun. — Grant, O Lord, tliat thefe our countrym;;]!, v/ho are now alTemblud round tlieir Standards 
 in defence of their deareft P-ights, may always aft according to thy '.vill ; that, relying upon thee for fupport and protciSiyn, they 
 may meet with luccefs )n their underiaking-, that they may be able to defend againll all Invador?, their Liberties, civil and re- 
 ligious, and throui;h thy means they may become the inftrumenti of rcftoring to li e world tiie bkffings of Peace and of good 
 Order. — And this we bcj, O Lord, not irufiing to-our merits, but to thy mercy, and through the mediation of thy beloved Son- 
 Jefus Chiil^, oiu- blelfed Saviour, and Redeemer. Amen. 
 
 " In the name of our Kmg, our Country, and our God, I confecrate thefe Standards, and appropriate them to you, my 
 fellow-citizens, as banners ur.der which you have engaged to defend your King, your Country, its Folilical Conliitulion^ itf- 
 Liberties, its Religion : and nriay God, in whofe hand is all Viilory, grain you Cuccefs."
 
 ,,6 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. PRESENT STATI. 
 
 and \vho have (hewn themfelves worthy of the bleflings we enjoy under our prefent form 
 of <^overnn-ient, by being ready to facrifice every thing in its defence. — With fpirits fuch 
 as yours my Comrades, I will be bold to fay, we iliall overcome all our foes, foreign and 
 
 domeftic, we fhall fupport our laws, — maintain our liberties, — and, tranfmit to our 
 
 pofterity,' that excellent Conftitution, which has been eltabiifhed by our anceftors after 
 many hardy conteft, and which has long been the envy and admiration of the World ! — 
 For this caufe. Gentlemen, our Standards are now erefted, — for this caufe who does not 
 
 feel it his duty to die in its defence? And when you confider the fair hands from which 
 
 you have received them, and that the fmiles of beauty yield us their patronage, I am 
 convinced that you will all feel what is your duty, — your delight ! ! ! 
 
 The reeiment then marched to Shirewood Forelt, where thefe provincial foldiers went 
 through a~ variety of evolutions to the fatisfailion of a vaft aflemblage of people. 
 
 On their return to the market-place, Col. Eyre again addreffed them as follows: 
 
 " Gentlemen, 
 
 " I cannot difmifs you without expreffing to you the fatisfadtion I feel at feeing the 
 pro^refs you have made in your military exercifes; this can only have been effedhed by 
 your unremitted attention and by your laudable zeal for the caule in which we are en- 
 gaged. — Already your country has benefitted by your exertions •, — Let us perfevere, my 
 comrades, and whatever may be the inconveniencies which you now fuffer, be afTured 
 that you will be amply repaid by the higheft of all earthly rewards — the approbation 
 of your own minds, and the merited thanks of your fellow-citizens." 
 
 After which the corps dined together in Thurland-Hall, where were given may fuita- 
 ble and loyal toalb. — This happy day ended with a ball, and with fireworks difplayed in 
 the market-place. 
 
 Dcfcription of the Standards. 
 
 The Royal Standard was of the mort fuper\) workmanfliip, being crimfon, very richly embroi- 
 dered with the Royal Anns on botli fides — devices at one corner, a white horfe embroidered, at the 
 other, N. Y. C. furrounded with tlie Rofe and Thiftle. The beautiful difplay of taftc reprefent- 
 cd in the execution of this tropliy, refitfts great credit upon the fair Patronefs. 
 
 The Provincial Standard was peculiarly elegant, and the devices admirably chofen. 
 
 The ground buft' filk, the facing of the regiment, G. R. with a crown very richly embroidered 
 in the centre, coftly ornamented v^'ith rofes, vi'heat cars, and the Olive branch entwined. The 
 arms of the county at one corner, at the other, implements of hufbandry, bound up with flowers ; 
 at the oppofite corners martial trophies, with a bow and quiver, on which was embroidered — 
 *' Robin Hood."- — Over the crown, on a garter blue filk label the words " Libertas fub Rege 
 pio," (a) in letters of gold fpanglesj underneath a fimiiar label, with the words " Conguges 
 Liberi, et Penates." (b) 
 
 On the rcverfc an oak tree, with golden acrons, ivy creeping up the ftem, and at thu 
 root of it, the word " Shirewood." On one fide of the tree the arms of the county, on one 
 point of the fwallow tails, martials trophies, on the other implements of hufbandry. Above the 
 oak tree, a label, on garter blue filk, had the words, " Et Decuset Tjtamen, " (c) and under- 
 neath a fimilar label, with the words •' Nottinghamfliire Volunteer Cavalry," the whole ed^ed 
 with filver fringe, and taffels richly ornamented with filvcr and buft' filk, and was a performance 
 of the moft beautiful embroidery. 
 
 SECTION 
 
 i Liberty under a religious Kirg. b Our w ivev-, our childrcp, ar.'i all tint is dear to as. c Both huriT.ir and protc^Jm,
 
 •^HIREWOOD FOREST. OF IHE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. I57 
 
 SECTION VII. 
 
 iHj*aB'.it.,jji 
 
 THE FOREST OF SHIREWOOD. 
 
 W E are now arrived at that portion of our hiftory where we muft tread (I had 
 almoft faid clafTic) magic ground, where beings Uke fairies danced-, where deer fported 
 in groupes unnumbered, and in limits almoft unbounded ; where Robin Hood, and his 
 gay followers, performed their many and long renowned exploits -, where the noble and 
 ignoble, the king and the robber have, alike, dafned through the thicket and the 
 woodland in purfuit of their nimble game. Here the ftout archer with his bow, un- 
 molefted, traverfed this vaft domain, difcharging his deadly darts. Here the fpreading 
 oak, the ornament of forefts, ftood for ages a grand monument of embelliflied nature, 
 
 a {hade and covert for the birds and beafts that inhabited this. Here the little 
 
 fquirel above, fprang from fpray to fpray, exhibiting its playful attitudes, while the wolf 
 below, in days of yore, made the woodlands eccho with its dreadful yells ; or darting on 
 its prey fatiated its voracious appetite. Time, which works fuch mighty changes on 
 the face of nature, in the paffing of a few centuries, where man takes up his abode, ex- 
 hibits here a fcene extremely different to what it has been. No more the zuoodland 
 
 fongftcrs, whofe natal hymns delightfully celebrated each return of the heavenly orb, 
 fhall here be heard. All now is divided and fubdivided into ftumpy fences and right 
 lined hedge rows, interfering each other ; which to him that delights in the grand and 
 majeftic fcenes of nature, upon a large and varied fcale, is cold and meanlefs. The 
 Itranger, who has fumptuous ideas of field embellifhments, and has refined his tafte 
 by reading and obfervauon, if he expe£t to meet in this great foreft any thing like \vhz.z 
 there has been, will be miferably difappointed. But no more,population in many inftances, 
 and avarice in others, have laid the fplendour of nature in the duft : here granduer and 
 lublimity is proftrate, degraded by culture, and loft, in that point of view, for 
 ever. 
 
 In another light, however, we muft commend what, in that inftance, is unfavour- 
 ably related. On the foreft I obferved, raifing and railed, many capital farm-houfes ; 
 and the adjoining fields, belonging thereto, rich in a plentiful crop of corn, which 
 at this lamentable period, July, 1795, may foon be found beneficiently ufetul.— 
 The loilj is not of that nature, which may infure, at all feafons, a plentiful har- 
 
 * U veft.
 
 l^S HISTORV OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. SHIREVVOOD FOP. EST- 
 
 veft. A hot fiimmcr is very inimical here to the growth of corn ; t!ie two pre- 
 ceding years, in Ibme places, in this t'orcflr, fcarcely produced the quantity of corn 
 f©wn ; but it may be much improved by alternately ploughing and laying down 
 for grafs, which I find is much prafticcd here. 
 
 The Forcfl: it appears was anciently divided, or rather known by the names of 
 Thorvy-lVcod^ and High-Forejl, che firft of whicli, although the lead, contained, within 
 its boundaries, nineteen Towns or Villages, of which Nottingham was one. The 
 High Foreft abounded with fine (lately oaks, and was free from underwood. 
 
 Thoroton's account of this place, (or rather, chiefly, his father-in-law's, Serjeant 
 Boune's) is as follows : — 
 
 The Foreft of Shirewood " extends itfelf into the Hundreds oi Broxtow,'Thurgarton a 
 Lee, and Bajj'etlazve. When this Foreft oi Shirewood viz^ firft made I find not; the firft 
 mention of it that I do find is in Henry the feconds time, but I conceive it a Foreft be- 
 fore, for William Peverell in the firft year of Heniy the fecond Lwhich is miftaken for 
 the fifth yearot King Stephen] doth anfwer de Placitis Foreftre in this County. It feems 
 he had the whole profit and command of this Foreft for his Eftate, which, after coming 
 to the Crown, the Sheriff, 8 H. 2, in the account ot his Farm prays to be difcharged of 
 4I. in vafto Foreftse -, and in the tenth year of the fame Kings reign he prays the like 
 difcharge ot 4I. for the wafte, as alfo allowance of 61. 5s. paid to the Conftable, eight 
 Forefters, and a Warrener, and to the Canons of Shirewood for Alms 40I. which I con- 
 ceive to be the Prior and Monks of Newjiede^ then newly founded by Henry the fecond. 
 In the next year the Sheriff of the County Randulphus filius Engelrami anfwers de cen- 
 fu Foreftasj and in the twelfth year, Robert de Caltz Lord oi Laxton, a Fermor, anfwers 
 for it 20I. and 15 H. 2, Reginaldus de Luci anfwers the like fum of 20I. pro cenfu 
 Foreftse, in both which years Robert Fitz-Randulph was Sheriff". In the ancient written 
 Foreft Books of this County there is the Copy of a Charter made by King John when 
 he was Earl of Mcrlr^'ne to Matilda de Caux, and Raph Fitz-Stephen her hufband, and 
 to her heirs, of ail the Liberties and Free Cuftoms which any of the Anceftors of the 
 faid Maud held at any time in NottinghamJIoire and Derbyjhire, viz. all the Foreft of Not- 
 tinghamflM-e and Derhyjhire, as their Anceftors ever held the fame. It came to John Birk- 
 5ng as heir to this Maud, (o to Thomas Birking his fon and heir, about 11 H. 3, and 
 fhortly after to Everingham, who thereby claimed Cuftodiam Foreftarum Regis in Com. 
 A'e//. & Derby, which I conceive contains no more but this Foreft of Shirewood, the reft 
 being difafforefted by Henry the third, in the fixth year of his reign, in the fum of the 
 Statute of Carta de Foreftas. With this Everingham heir to Birking and Caux it con- 
 tinued till Edward the firft's time, and then was feized as forfeited. Since the Guardian 
 fhip hath been granted by the Princes to Noblemen and Gentlemen as a Charader of 
 theii efpecial favour, the ftate of this Fofterfhipof Everinghams, and of the whole Foreft 
 appears in an Inquifition taken by Geoffrey Langley, the Kings then Juftice in Eyre of 
 his Forefts beyond Tren( ; for the Foreft OfHcefs of Shirewood there find that there be 
 three Keepers in the Foreft, Firft, Between Leene and Doverbecke. Secondly, J he High 
 Foreft. The Third, Rtimwood. Robert Everingham, chief Keeper of the F"oreft, ought 
 to have a chief Servant fworn, going through all the Foreft at the cofts of Robert, to at- 
 tach
 
 SHIREWOOD FOREST. OF THE TOWN OF MOTTIN'GHAM. 
 
 159 
 
 tach all trefpalfes, and prefent them at the attachments before the Verderors. In the firft 
 Keeping between Liene and Dovcrbecke he ought to have one Forcller riding with a Paag 
 and two Forefters on foot-, and there be two Verderors, and two Agifters. In tliis 
 Keeping there be three Hayes, Befkuoood Hay, Lindt;by Hay, and IFillay Hay. The ft-cond 
 Keeping is the High Foreft. In this Robert Everingham is to have two Forellers riding 
 with two Pages, and two Forefters on foot, and there be alfo two Verderors, and two 
 Agifters. In this Keeping are two Hayes, Birkland and Billahay, and the Park of Clipfton, 
 and in thefe //,3>'ifj and P^r.^^ two Verderors, and two Agiftrrs. In the third Keeping 
 Rumwoode, Robert Everingham ought to have one Forellcr on foot, and tlicre be two 
 "Woodwards, one oiCarburton, another of Budby, and two Verderors, and two Agifters. 
 Robert Everingham ought alfo to have a Page bearing his bow through all the Foreft to 
 gather Chiminage. The perambulation of this toreft was ujjon the CommilTion of 16 
 H. 3, thus fet forth, viz. at Coningfwath Ford, fo by the Highv ay towards JVellay Hagh 
 towards Nottiagham, leaving out the Clofe of the Town oi JVellay, from thence by that 
 way to Blackjlone Haugh, from thence to that place where the River of Doverbecke goes 
 over that way, and fo from thence as the river of Doverbecke goes into Trent. Wefterley 
 from the Ford of Coningfivath by the water called Maydtn to the Town of IVarkfope, and 
 fo by the fame water to the Parke o^ Plejley Hagh, fo up ths fame river to Otter Brigges, 
 from thence by the great Highway of Nottingham to the Mill Ford, from thence to May- 
 nefhead, from thence betwixt the fields of Hardwkk and Kirkeby to the corner that is called 
 Nun Csrre, from thence by the aftert of Edwan Brittayne to the Earl Stigh, and from 
 thence to Stolegate, from thence by the great Highway under the Caftle oi Annejley, from 
 thence by the great Highway to the Town of Linbye, through the midft of the Town to 
 the water of Leine, fo to Lenton, and from thence by the fame water, as it was wont of old 
 time to run into the water of Trent, and fo along the River of Trent to the fall of Dover- 
 becke, faving JVellay Hay, and other the Kings Demefne W^oods in the County of Notting- 
 ham. This I have rather done that moft men may kno\v v/hen they are within, and 
 when without the Foreft. And although there were fome deafforeilations after, yet 
 were they refumed, fo as the old Perambulation ftands at this day without any remark- 
 able alteration. Theie have not been many Juftice Seats in this Foreft of Shirewood ; 
 thofe that I have met withal I fhall here obferve. The firft was in Henry the fecond's 
 time before Hugh Bifliop of Durrham, Robert Bifhop of Lincolne, and Robert Earl of 
 L-eicefier. The next I find was in Henry the third's time before Robert Nevill and his 
 fellows Juftices. The next after that was 15 E. i. before William Vefcy and his fel- 
 low^ ; and of this Juftice Seat the Rolls of are extant with the Chamberlains of the Ex- 
 chequer in the Tallye Office, as alfo the Rolls of the next Juftice Seat of 8 E. 3. before 
 Raph Nevill and his fellows. The next Juftice Seat I can meet with is 2 i H. 7. before 
 Simon Stalworth, and John Collier, Clarks, Robert Nevill, and John Port or Porter, 
 and before them as Deputies and Lieutenants of Sir Thomas Lovell, Guardian and Chief 
 Forefter, and the Juftice of the Foreft of our Lord the King of Shirewood. But his Seat 
 I cannot find recorded in any place, although I made diligent enquiry for it upon a claim 
 there for the 1 own of Nottingham, and upon conference with William Noy, the late At- 
 turney-General to his Majefty that now is, he told me it was no where to be found where 
 
 he
 
 l6o HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. SHIREWOOD FOREST.. 
 
 he had feen. I have feen fome claims, as the beginning of another Juftice Seat for this 
 particular Foreft, 26 H. 8. before Thomas the fiift Earl ot Rutland, but no further pro- 
 ceeding therein that I could Jearn. The laft upon record in the Exchequer in the fame 
 Tally Office is a Book, wherein is entred the Claims and Commencement of a Jurtice Seat 
 here before the then Lord Crumwell, the Kings then Chief Jufticc in Eyre of his Forefts 
 on the North fide of Trent. The ftate of this Foreft at this prefent confifts of a Warden, 
 his Lieutenant, and his Steward, a Bow-bearer, and a Ranger, four Verderors, twelve 
 Regarders, fo reduced to the number of twelve by an Ordinance made in Edward the 
 firft's time by William Vefcy and his fellows, four Agifters, and twelve Keepers or 
 Forefters in the main Foreft •, befides there are now four Keepers in Thorney Woods, where 
 anciently there were but two, one of the North Bayle, another of the South, they are all 
 reduced under the Chief Foreftcr the Earl of Chefterfeild and his heirs, whofe father 
 Sir John Stanhoppe had the fame granted in fee, with liberty to deftroy and kill at their 
 plcafures, referving an hundred Deer in the whole walk. There are alfo befides the 
 Foreft-Kcepers three in Bejk-wood Park, that before Edward the third's time was an Hay 
 or Wood uninclofed, but fince it was imparked, the general Keeper of the Park hath 
 had the command of the orher Keepers, as I prefume the general Forefler of the Hay had 
 before, for I find Richardus de Strelley was Forefter there 2 E. 3. Ihere is alfo one 
 other Keeper of Nottingham Parke, one other of Clipfion Parke. The twelve Forefler- 
 Keepers are thefe, one oi Maunsfeilde, one of Maunsfeilde Woodhoufe, one of Annejley Hills 
 and Neivjlede, one of Pappkwicke, one of Riimwood and Ofwald, one of Rughford, one of 
 Billahay, one of Kirklond, one of Cclveront, one q( Farnesfeilde, one of Langtm Arbour and 
 Blidworth, and one of Sutton in AJhefeild. The Caftle and the Park of Nottingham was 
 granted to the late Earl Francis of Ruti-and, and is now the inheritance of the Dutchefs 
 of Buckingham his daughter and heir. Clifton Park is now tlie inheritance of the Earl 
 of Nevicaftle, who is the prefent Warden of tliis Foreft, and his are alio the perpetual 
 placing of the Keeper of Rumwood and Of-wald. The Keeperfhip oi Rughford is the in- 
 heritance of Sir \\ illiam Savile Lord of Rughford. Annejley Hills, Papplewick and New- 
 ffeede are granted to Sir John Byron Lord of" Neivjleede, and the reft of the walks are in 
 the difpofition of the "Warden of the Foreft. There are befides as members of the Foreft 
 fevcral Woodv/ards for every Townfliip within the Foxeft, and for every principal Wood 
 one." 
 
 It would not be impertinent to fet down how that in the beginning of the reign of 
 King Henry the fecond, Ranulph the Sherifl^, Hugh de Buyrun, (a) Raph de Hanlelin, 
 Robert de Ferreriis, R.aphde Annefley, Galfr.de le Fremunt, Raph de lieronvill, Hugh 
 Fitz-Wlviet, Robert de Hovcringham, Alexander Fitz-Toche, Simon Fitz Richard, 
 Robert de Kipera, Richard de Croxton, William de Herys, Walter de Amundevill, 
 Sampfon de Stereley, Gervas Ficz-Richard.de Muey, Ingelram., the brother of Sheriff, 
 Hugh F'itz-Roger, William Fitz-Reyner, Hugh Fitz-Albred, Hardewin, and Gaufr. 
 de Staunton, fwore at ISottiiighum in the prefence of Robert Earl of LeiceHer, who oa 
 .the part of the King commanded them that they fliould tell the truth concerning the 
 CuJtoniS.and Libeitics v.hich the Land of the Archbifiiop {ofTcrk) which is in Nottiug- 
 
 hapffhjref 
 
 ? P.it. 55, H, 3, m, 13, Infjicx.
 
 SHIREWOOD FOREST. OF THE TCWN OF NOTTINGHAM. iCl 
 
 hamjhjre, and the Archbifhop himfelt had in the fame Shire, in the time of King Henry 
 the elder (viz. the firft) and the year and day wherein that King Henry the firlt was alive 
 and dead. And after they had fworne, they faid. That the whole Land of the Arch- 
 biJhop was without the Forell, which was contained between the bounds underwritten : 
 As Doverbeck falleth into Trent, and on the upper part from the water of Doverbeck unto 
 Ciningrfwad, as the way of 5/y/^ goes, and all that Land which is heyond Ciniii^tfwad, 
 and beyond the aforefaid way, was out of the Foreft unto Bykerfdike, fo that no Forcflcr 
 of the Kings could intermeddle on the Kings part concerning that land, but the Arch- 
 bifhop and his men did freely both eflart and do what they would with it as their own. 
 And out ot the afore- named bounds in the old Foreft, the Archbifhop did Hunt nine 
 dales in the year, viz. three againft Chriftmas, three againft Eafter, and three againft 
 "Whitfunday, through the whole Wood of 5/)7/'':c;cr//.;, and in that Wood of Blythworth 
 the Archbifhop, and his Canons, and his men, had all the Attachments without wafte 
 [guaflo] and had their proper Forefters, and Aieryes of Hawks, and Paunage : This 
 was fealed by Robert Bifhop oi Lincolne, and Hugh Eifliop ot Durrham. John Romanus 
 Archbifhop of ^V^, 15 E. i.by Hugh de Stapletord his Atturney, had great pleading 
 before William de Vefcy, Thomas de Nonnanvile, and Richard de Crepping, Juftices 
 in Eyre, concerning his holding Pleas of Vert in his Court oi Southtvell, and many other 
 Privileges: As William de Melton, one of his fucceffours, Archbifhop of i'crk^hy 
 William de Southwell his Atturney, had 8 E. 3. before Raph de Nevill, Richard de 
 Aldeburgh, and Peter de Midlcton, as may be feen at large in the Rolls of both thefe 
 Juftice Seats in the T«//)' Office. Butlfliall not be further particular in exhibiting any 
 further Collefhions on this fubjetfl, becaufe the pleafant and glorious condition of this- 
 noble Foreft is now wonderfully declined. And there is at prefent, and long hath been, 
 a Juftice Seat, which is not yet finifhed, and therefore cannot now be rendred a good 
 account of, held under my Lords Grace the Duke of Ne"jiKc;Ji!c, Juftice in Eyre of all 
 his Majefties Forefts, &c. Trent North, wherein it fcems his Deputies or Lieutenants 
 have allowed fuch and fo many claims, that there will not very fhortly be Wood enough 
 left to cover the Bilberries, which every fummer were wont to be an extraordinary great 
 profit and pleafure to poor people, who gathered them and carried them all about the 
 country to fell: I fhall therefore at this time fay no more. May 24, 1675." 
 
 A gentleman having favoured me with a copy of the perambulation of the foreft in the 
 reign of Henry the VIIL which I have not feen printed, I give it here: — 
 
 A Perambulacion of the fturreft of Sheerewood made the nineth day of September in 
 the Thirtyeth year of the Reigne of King Henry the Eighth (by the grace ot God of 
 England and ffrance King defender of the faith Lord of Ireland and Supreme head 
 upon earth of the Englifh Church-,) By Robert Brymefley, Gabriel Berwicke, Richard 
 Perepoint Efqr's; Alexander Merring, Chnftopher flitzrandole, Robert Whitemore, 
 John Walker, Manrite Orrell, John Garnon, John Palmer Gentlemen ; Robert Levett, 
 William Mellars, Robert Rawfon, John Lofscowe, John Briftow, and Robert North, 
 Regarders of the said fforreft of Sheerewood. Which perambulation begun at the 
 Kings Caftle of Nottingham, And pafting from thence unto the Kings bridge meadow 
 gate, And from thence by the Old Trent untill to the ancient Courfe of the Water of 
 
 X Leene ;
 
 j52 bistort of the TOW>f AND COUNTY"; SRIREVVOOD FOREST. 
 
 Lecne -, which is the bound between the Kings Meadow and the Meadow of Wilforth 
 and from henceforward by the said ancient courfe ot the Water of Leene even to thc- 
 Meadow called Carlam, And thence by the Comon way even to the Bridge upon Leene 
 nigh to the Orchard of the Priory of Lenton, And from thence afcending by the said 
 Water of Leene even unto the Bounds of the Kings Village of Bulwcll ; And so about 
 the Kings Wood of Bulwell Rife untill to the said Water of Leene so comeing up by the 
 said wat'cr unto 1 -indby Mill and so through the Midle Town of Lindby unto the Crofs 
 there, And thence from the said Crofs by the great Highway which leads to the ancient 
 Caftle of Annefly, kaveing the said Callle on the right hand, And from thence by the 
 said great Highway unto Stolcgate which leads unto Chcfterfield lediate ; And from 
 thence turning out of the way a very little towards the Well by the Stole Stighe from the 
 north part ot Anneffey field unto a certain Lane which is between Annefley Woodhoufe 
 field on the Weft fide and a certain Aflart ground of Richard Savion, heretofore of 
 Evans de Bretton oa the Eaft fide ; And so goeing down through the said Lane towards 
 the North unto a. certain Corner called Nuncarr, And from thence by the way between 
 the Moores of Kirkby and Kirkby-fields unto the Lane between the fields of Hardewick 
 and theffields of Kirkby, And then by the said Lane towards the Eaft; And then to- 
 wards the North by the lioufedoore of Hardewick up to Mannfwell Hedde ; And from 
 thence towards the Weft by Hardewick hedge, And so goeing down towards the South 
 by the Rcwarder Mere, between Kirkby ffields and. Sutton ffieids, up unto Hoiebrucke 
 Hawci And from thence by the hedge of Hoiebrucke Hawe unto Coolegate ; And so 
 pafling away by the Coppice Wood of the Lord the King called fFuUwood, And so by 
 the whole Bounds of tfuUwood roundabout up to Ncrmanton Lane, And from the 
 said Lane by the hedge of Normanton ffield, up to Hawkiswell, And from thence about 
 the ffields of Dirty Kuckwall and HouthweH up to Milnford bridge; And from thence 
 turning away by the great Way from Nottingham and the Vv^ater up to Heyterbridge, 
 And by the said water goeing down to PleflTey, And from thence by the water of May- 
 den unto the Town of Warfop, And so through the Midie Town of Warfop up unto the 
 Ciofs there. And so direftly by the way of Warfop, And by that way unto the said 
 water of Mayden, And so by the faid water towards the Eaft up to Mugley ffoard ; 
 And from thence goeing up towards the North unto the Hafelgapp, And so leaveing the 
 Preft Crown on the right hand up unto the hedge between Rum wood and Crown ffields 
 up to the Kings Fark late of the Abbot of Wtlbeck, And then goeing up by the said 
 Park unto the Owtegatc fforreft; which is between the said Park, and the Park of the 
 Earle of Shrewfbury heretofore Lord of fFurnevall, And from the said Owtegate extend-* 
 ing to Byards Stable, And again goeing up between the said Parks unto thc'Rodegate^ 
 And so goeing down tov.ards the Eaft by the Sand Rodegate to a certain Stone at the 
 Eaft of Warwood ; And so decei^.ding a little towards the South unto A certain Stone 
 in Clumbre, And so beyond the ffords of Clumbre even to A Stone fixed on rhe Eaft 
 part of Glemires and of the North part of the way there ; And from thence diredly to- 
 wards the South up to another Stone which is fixed near to the way leads from Merr.U- 
 briggs to Awfland, And trom thence up to a certain Holyn, which is nigh to Thorefbie 
 ffields, And goeing down through, the aforesaid ifields (viz.) by the Parfon Balke unto 
 
 ' >*- tiie
 
 SHIREWOOb FOREST. OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM.' J'5j 
 
 the Town of Thorefliie, and from thence by the w-ter of Meadcm to Coningbie foaro,' 
 And from thence by the great way from Blyth to Coningl wach lorth, and ;o on theWtff 
 part of the Town of Wellow, And from thence by the great way which leads from Nor- 
 tingham unto Blackftone Hew, And from thence unto the little brooke of Dover becl-.e^ 
 And so as that Brooke runns through the Miclc of the Town of Cathorp thence by the 
 said brooke of Dover beck where it was wont to runn of ancient time unto the water of 
 Trent, And so the aforesaid water imtiU it come againft the Abbey of Sheltord ; So that 
 the said Abbey is out of the {Forreft, And afterwards by the said River of Trent where 
 of ancient tiine it ufed to runn (viz.) on the Eaft fide the new courfe now of Ticnt nnto 
 th6 Mannor of Colwicke, And there where the water of Trent was wont to runn. So that 
 the Limitts there called Hekin is within the fforrefl, And from thence by the said River 
 unto Nottingham Bridge called Heathbecke Briggs and from thence by the South part 
 of the Meadows of Nottingham unto the Caftle there." 
 
 In pafllng over this foreft, I bbferved, that it is now, in a great meafure, enclofed be- 
 tween Blyth and Nottingham. As many parts of it is but thinly inhabited, at prefent^ 
 and in confequence of the enclofure, you meet with a great variety of roads, branching 
 here and there ; handpofts would be found extremely ufeful to a liranger. They are at 
 alf times, infuch places, the moft civil things he meets with, but rarely feen here. 
 
 As to the age of the foreft, it is beyond any known record. It was a royal domain 
 long before the conqueft. 
 
 Manwood, ^n Foi^efl: Laws, defines it thus : — 
 
 " A Foreft is a vaft cxtenfive wood ; in French lieu fcretier et fawvc.ge : in Latin Locia 
 fylvejlrij et Ja tuofus. 
 
 " A foreft is a certain territory of woody grounds, and fruitful paftures, privileged 
 for wild beafts, and fowls of foreit, chafe, and warren, to reft and abide there in the fafe 
 protedion of the king, for his princely delight and pleafure : which territory of ground 
 fo privileged, is meered and bounded by unremoveable marks, mcers, and boundaries, 
 either known by matter of record, or elfe by prefcription, and alfo replenilhed with wild 
 beafts of venery or chafe-, and with great coverts oi vert (a) for the fuccour of the faid 
 wild beafts j for the prefervation and continuance of which faid place, together with the 
 vert and -venifon, there are certain particular laws, privileges, and officers belonging only 
 to the fame. 
 
 The manner of making forefts, as the fame author informs us, is as follows; — " The 
 king fends out his commiflion, under the great leal of England, diredled to certain dif- 
 creet perfons. for the view, perambulation, meeting and bounding of the place he mindeth 
 'to be a foreft, which being returned into the chancery, proclamation is made throughout 
 •all the fhire where the ground lieth, that none (Viall hunt or chafe any manner of wild 
 beafts in that precimff, without the king's fpecial licence; after which he appointeth or- 
 dinances, laws, and officers fit for the prefervation of the vert and venifon ; and fo it 
 becometh & foreft by matter of record." 
 
 Kings, whofe property forefts were, in many inftances punifhed thofe with the greateft 
 
 feverity 
 
 ■3. Vcit which in the French fisnific: green, comprehends eveiy thinj which bears jrcen leaves in the foreft. Mamvood, 51,
 
 ,g. HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. SHIREWOOD FOREST. 
 
 feverity who hunted and killed beafts therein without leave. In the conqueror's time it 
 was lawful to put out the eyes ot a man who killed either a buck or a boar, (a) 
 
 Beafts of the forefl: are denominated to be : The hart, hind, buck, hare, boar, and 
 w®lf, legally all beafts of venery. 
 
 ROBIN HOOD. 
 
 It cannot be foreign to our purpofe to notice Robin Hood, under this head, of whom 
 much has been faid, and but little known to a certainty. His ftory, however, has been 
 a favorite fubjedt for the Drama. A paftoral comedy of Robin Hood and Little 
 John, was printed in i 594. Robin Hood's paftoral M.iy Games, appeared in 1624. — 
 Robin Hood, an opera, was adled in Bartholamew fair, in 1730. Robin Hood and his 
 Crew of Soldiers, an interlude, near the fame time. Robin Hood, a mufical entertain- 
 ment, was performed at Drury-lane Theatre in 175 1 ; and laftly Shirewood Foreft, at 
 prefent a favorite opera with the public. 
 
 In Rapin's Hiftory of England, our renowned hero is noticed to this purpofe : — That 
 about the time of 1 190, lived the famous Robin Hood, with his companion Little John, 
 who were faid to infeft Yorkfhire with their robberies. It has been faid Robin Hood 
 was of the Huntingdon family and by necejjity was driven to the courfe ot life he purfucd. 
 
 The popular end animating ftoiy of Robin Hood, which we acknowledge to know 
 but little of to a certainty, has been the theme of every age, fince his rime. The fongs, 
 in theGarland, which goes by his name, are fimply and hiftorically poetized, & have been 
 the favorites of the lower ordtrs ot mankind for each fucceeding age. Who were the 
 authors of them nobody knov/s. They were, moft probably, written by various hands, 
 as fome have much more the Ipirit of poetry than others. There remote antiquity is not 
 doubted; but they, moft likely, have been varied agreeably to the phrafeology of the 
 different periods they have been ufed. 
 
 The birth place of our hero is faid to he at Loxley, in StafFordftiire. (b) He is made 
 to be of honourable dcfcent, of which the pedigree inferted from Dr. Stukeley's Paloeo- 
 graphia Britannire, in the next page, will teftify. 
 
 'i'he true name theretore of Robin Hcod was Robert Fitz-ooth, but agreeable 
 with the cuftom of dropping the Norman addition to names, Fixz; and the two laft 
 letters th being turntd into d, he was vulgarly called Ood or Hood. The reader will 
 difcover alfo, that it is probable he might claim the title of Earl of Huntingdon by reafon 
 of John Scot, loth earl of Huntingdon dying in 1237, without iifue, as he was heir by 
 the female line, as dcfcended trom Gilbert de Gaunt, earl of Kyme and Lindfey. This 
 title, it feems, lay dormant 90 years, after Robert's death, and about ten of the laft 
 days of his lite, (c) His arms were gules two bonis engrailed or. 
 
 From noticing the birth and high connexions of Rchin Hood, I will notice his life. — 
 Ingeneoufly it has been obferved that this famed robber might be driven to this courfe 
 of life on account of the attainder of himielf or relatives, or on account of the inteftines 
 troubles during the reign ot Henry the II. when the fon of that king was in open re- 
 bellion againft his father, when devaftation, plunder, attainders, and confifcation were 
 
 the 
 
 a Biumpton, b Anecdotes of Archciy. c lb.
 
 SHIREWOOD FOREST. OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM. 
 
 The PEDIGREE of ROBIN HOOD, Earl of Huntington; 
 
 ^6$ 
 
 Richard Fitzgilbert — Roifiat 
 declare Harl at'Bricn 
 
 Waltheof Earl of — Judith Countcfs of 
 Northumberland Huntingdon, the Con- 
 and Huntington queror's Niece 
 
 II. 
 
 Simon de S.- 
 iis I. Earl of 
 Northampton 
 andHunling- 
 don brought 
 upbyStephen 
 Earl of Albe- 
 marle 
 
 V. 
 
 Simon S, lis 
 
 III. 
 
 Maud — David I. King of 
 of Scots, Earl of 
 Huntingdoh 
 
 IV. 
 
 Henry Earl of— Ada daughter 
 
 Northumberlani 
 
 and Huntingdu 
 
 Alice — Robert Fitzgilbeit 
 
 II.— Ifabel, dau 
 
 Earl of Northton | of Roben 
 
 and Huntington 1 Boifu Ear 
 
 I of Leicerte 
 
 VI. 
 
 Malcom IV. King of Scots 
 Earl ot Northumberland and 
 of Hiinlin 'don. 
 
 VII. I 
 William Earl of Huntingdon 1^ ~ 
 
 VHI. I 
 
 Simon S. lis HI. Earl of — Alice heirefs of G. dc Gaunt. 
 Huntingdon and North- 
 ton ob. f. p. 11S4, 
 
 IX. 
 David Earl of Carreft and Huntingdon, 
 fon of Henry VI. (above) Earl and of 
 Ada. ob. I2ig. 
 
 X. 
 John Sirnamed Scot his fon, Earl of 
 Angus and Huntington, ob. f. p. 1237. 
 
 of William, Earl of Warren. 
 
 Gilbert de Gaunt of — Roiiia 
 of Kyinc andLindfey j 
 came in with the Con- | 
 queror. v- ^- 
 
 I 
 Walter de Gaunt Earl 
 I of Lindfey 
 
 Gilbert de Gaunt — Avis daughter and 
 Earl of Lincoln | heir of William de 
 
 I Roraara Earl of 
 
 1 Lincoln. 
 
 Ralph Fitzoolh a — Maud 
 Norman, Lord 
 of Kyme 
 
 Philip Fitzooth 
 Lord of Kyme, 
 ob. f. p. 
 
 ^ William FitzootJi- 
 bruught up by Robert 
 Earl of Oxford 
 
 Robert Fitzooth, commonly called Robin Hood, 
 pretended Earl of Huntington, ob. 1274. 
 William de Clynton created Earl of Huntingdon- 
 1337,0b. 1354. 
 
 a daughter 
 
 of Payn 
 Beauchamp, 
 and Lady 
 
 ROISIA 
 de Vere 
 ■Juliana Countefs of Huntingdon daughter of 
 Thomas Layburn'. 
 
 the fatal followers of that unnatural contention. The Ferrers being lords of Loxley, 
 the birth place of our hero ; and Robert de Ferrers manning the caftles of Tutbury and 
 Dufficld, in behalf of the prince, William Fitz-ooth, Robert's father, might by his 
 conneclions v/ith that family or by fome fuch means be implicated in the guilt and con- 
 fequences of that rebellion. Thus might it happen, that .^o^/« Hoed was poflefled of 
 no paternal eilate, and deprived of the title of Earl ot Huntingdon -, and this might be 
 alfo the caufe of nis taking refuge in woods and forefts, to avoid the punifhment of his 
 own, or his father's ciimes againft the ftate, where he continued, during his life, in a ftate 
 
 * X of 
 
 4> Dujdalcjvol. i.foU i^i, calls this, watd of the Earl of Oxford's WiU.am Fitz-Oaies,
 
 i66 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTT. 
 
 SniREWOOD rOREST. 
 
 of aftiial rebellion ; where his little army ccntended a feries of years, fuccefsfully, againfl 
 the power and armies of the king. 
 
 Others have conjeftured that he was a man of birth and fortune, and had fpent his 
 cftatc in riotous living, which was the original caufe of his taking to that mode of life 
 for exiflence, which his nature feemed to point out to him. Whatever might be the 
 caufe of his defedion from lawful purfuits, we know not ; that the untoward times 
 which fucceeded thofe of Henry the II. might occafion it, is probable. 
 
 This celebrated chief of Englifh archers, it is certain, was an outlaw, with 
 many of his followeis. Hiftorians have placed his chief refidence in Yorkfhire; 
 but it is certain, that Shirewood Foresf was his favorite haunt. Stow in his annals 
 calls them renowned thieves. Robin had another favorite place near the fea, in the north 
 ridin" of Yorkfhire, (a) called Robin Hood's Bay. Sir Edward Cook, in his third 
 Inftitute, p. 197, fpeaks of Robin llcod, and he obferves, that, men of his lawlcfs pro- 
 fefTioii were called Roberdsmen. The ftatute at Winchefter, 13 of Edward the I. and an- 
 other the 5th of Edward the III. he obferves, were made folely for the punifliment of 
 Roberdsmen, and other felons. 
 
 Our hero, it is allowed on all hands, had great fl<.ill in archery, and much perfonal- 
 courage. His humanity and levelling principles are celebrated by Drayton in his Poly- 
 Olbion, fongXXVI. 
 
 From wealthy abbot>' cbefii, rnd tliurchcs' :ibunt!nnt ftoie, 
 What often times he took he (hared anumgft the poor : 
 JJp Lordly bilhop tame in UiiVy Rcbi:i's w.iy, 
 
 To Iiiri before !io went but fi-r nis pafs muft pay ; 
 
 TliC widow in dilhi-ts he ^r.u iuully relieved, 
 
 And rcm».c'ied the wrongs ^.I many a virgin j^ric\'( (1. 
 
 " JHearne, in his GlofTary, inferts a manufcript note out of I Food, containing a pafTage 
 cited from John Majo>\ the Scottifh hiflorian, to this purpofe : that Robin Hood was in- 
 deed an arch robber, but the gentleft thief that ever was : And lays, he might have added, 
 from the Harlein MSS. of John Fordun's Scottiflx Chronicle, that he was, though a no- 
 torious robber, a man of great charity." (b) 
 
 In the vifion of Pierce Plowman, wiirten by Robert I^ongland, a fccular Priefl and 
 Fellow of Oriel College, and who flourifned in the reign of Edward 111. is this pafTage : 
 
 I cannot perfitly my Pater Noder as the prift it fingcth ; 
 I can rimes of Robinhod and Rand.d oi' Cliefiei . 
 
 In Anecdotes of Archery is the following little hiftoy of this great robber: 
 
 Tutbury, and other places in the vicinity of his native town, feems to have been the 
 fcene of his juvenile frolics. We afterwards find him at the head of two hundred ftrong 
 refolute men, and expert archers, ranging the woods and forefts of Nottinghamfhire, 
 Yorkfhire, and other parts of the north of England, (c) 
 
 Charton, in his hiftory of Whitby Abbey, page 146, recites, " That in the days of 
 Abbot Richard this freebooter, when clofely purfued by the civil or military power, 
 
 found 
 
 % Wagna Britannica, b lb. 
 
 t Befides many other places, the following arc particularly mentioned, viz. Bainfdale, Wakefieldjj 
 Plompton Park, and Fountains-Abbey.
 
 8HIREW00D FOREST. OF THE TOWN OP NOTTINGHAM. iSy 
 
 found it necefTary to leave his vifual haunts, and retreating crol's the moors that fiirronnd- 
 ed Whitby, came to the fca coall, where he always had in rcadinefs lumc Imail filTiJn'r 
 vefiels ; and in thcfe putting olYto fea, he looked upon himfelf as quite fecurc, and held 
 the whole power of the Knglifli nation at defiance. The chiel place of his refort at thelc 
 times, and where his boats were generally laid up, was about fix miles from Whitby, 
 and is flill called Robin Hood's Bay." Tradition further informs us, that in one of 
 thefe peregrinations he, attended by his Lieutenant, JOHN I.ITTLH, went to dine (a) 
 with Abbot Richard, \\ho having heard them often famed for their great dexterity in 
 lliooting with the longbow, begged them after dinner to fhew him a fpecimen thereof; 
 when to oblige the Abbor, they went up to the top of the Abbey, whcnte each of them 
 fhot an arrow, which fell not far from Whitby Ladis, but on the contrary fide of the 
 lane. In memory of tiiis tranfaiftion, a pillar was fet up by the Abbot in the place 
 where each of the arrow.. !tll, which v/ere (landing in 1779; each pillar ftill retainin"- 
 the name of the owner ct each arrow. Their diftance from Whitby Abbey is more 
 than a meafured mile, wliich fcems very far for the flight of an arrow -, but when we 
 confider the advantage a Ihooter muft have from an elevation, fo great as the top ot the 
 abbey, fituated on a high cliff, the facl will not appear fo veiy extraordinary. Thefe 
 very pillars are mentioned, and the fields called by the aforefaid names in the old deeds 
 for that ground, (b) now in the poffeirion of Mr. Thomas Watlbn. It appears by his 
 Fpit?ph, that Robert FiTz-OoTH lived 59 years after this time (1 1S8) •, a very lonp- 
 period tor a life abounding with fo many dangerous enterprizes, and rendered obnoxious 
 both to church and ftate. Perhaps no pait of Englifh hillory afforded ib fair an op- 
 portunity for fuch praftices, as the turbulent reigns of Richard the I. King John, and 
 Henry the III. 
 
 Hubert, Archbifhop of Canterbury and chief Judiciary of England, we are told, 
 iffued feveral proclama ions for the fupprtlTing of outlaws ; and even fet a price on the 
 head of this hero. Several ftratagems were uled to apprehend him, but in v.iin. Force 
 he repelled by force; nor was he lefs artful than his enemies. At length being clofely 
 purfued, many of his followers fliin, and the reft: difperfed, he took, refuge in the Priory 
 of Kirklees, about twelve miles from Leeds, in Yorkfhire, the Priorefs at that time beinp- 
 his near relation. Old age, difappointment, and fatigue, brought on difeafe ; a monk 
 ■was called in to open a vein, who, either through ignorance or defign, performed his 
 part fo ill, that the bleeding could not be ftopped. Believing he fliould not recover, and 
 •wilhing to point out the place where his remains might be depofited, he called for his 
 bow and difcharging two arrows, the firfk fell in the river Calder, the fecond fallino- in 
 the park, marked the place of his fepulture. He died on the 24 of December, in the 
 year 1247, T^) as appears by the following epitaph, which was once legible on his tomb, 
 in Kirklees park ; where, though the tomb remains, yet the infcription hath been lono- 
 obliterated. It is, however, preferved by Dr. Gale, Dean of York, and inferted from 
 his papers by Mr. Thorefby, in his Ducat. Leod. and is as follows : 
 
 HEAR, 
 
 a Poffibly without Invitation, b That each of the arrows of thefe renowned lliooters fell, as .nbove defcribcd, is probable; but 
 that tliey were Iho'- Irora fomc other place than the top of tlie Abbey is equally probable. c Suppofing him II years oi ace* 
 wbeabe vilited Abbot Richard, alWhilby, he muitat tltis time have been at leail in his So year.
 
 i68 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. 
 
 SHIREWOOD FOREST. 
 
 HEAR, UNDERNEAD DIS LATIL STEAN, 
 LAIZ ROBERT EARL OF HUNTINGTON ; 
 NEA ARCIR VER AZ HIE SA GEUD, 
 AN PIPL KAULD IM ROBIN HEUD : 
 SICK UTLAZ AZ HI AN IZ MEN, 
 ^■IL ENGLAND NIVR SI AGEN. 
 
 Obit 24 Kal. Dekembris, 1247. 
 
 It appears that the infcription was long fince obliterated although the ftone remains 
 broken and defaced, Mr. Gough has preferved a drawing of it in his Sepulchral Monu- 
 ments, copied fixcing page 171. It is faid at the end of Robin Hood's Garland, that the 
 infcription was placed on his graveftone by the Priorefs of Birkfley, (Kirklees.) 
 
 What may be gathered, from the celebrated Robin Hood's Garland, refpefting his 
 birth, life, and family conneilions, are briefly as follows-, by which the reader will find, 
 who has not cofuiejcended to perufe thofe ancient fongs, that this humble relation of him 
 agrees not, in fome inftances, with the account above, viz. 
 
 The father of Robin was a forefter, and could fend an arrow tiwo north country miles 
 at a flioot. That his mother was niece to the famous Guy earl of Warw ick whofe brother 
 was a notable 'fquire, who lived at Gamewell Hall, in the county of Nottingham, (a) — 
 That his uncle, whofe name was George Gamewell, was defirous of having cur young 
 hero to live with him -, but his attachment was rivetted to field fports and unbounded 
 freedom : he complyed not with the offer, went to Tutbury to marry a Shepherded whom 
 he had feen in Shirewood Foreft kill a buck dexteroufly. Her form, drefs and fcacures 
 are thus fimply poetized : 
 
 As that word was fpokp, Clorinda came by, 
 The Queen ot' the Shej herds was (he; 
 
 And her gown was ot velvet as green as the grafs. 
 And her bufkin did reach to her knee : 
 
 Her gait it was graceful, her body was ftraight, 
 And lier countenance it was tree tVom pride: 
 
 A bow in her hand, and a quiver of arrows. 
 
 Hung dangling by lier fweet tide. 
 Her eye-brows were black, ay, and fj was her hair, 
 
 And her (kin was as fmooth as glafs, 
 Her vifage fpoke wifdoni and mode(^y too, 
 
 Sets with Robin Hood, fuch a lafs? 
 
 After fifteen years of age, we find that he was expert at the ufe of the bow, which he 
 ufed much in the forefl, and, we are told, he killed fifteen forefters, who were all buried, 
 in a row, in ofie of the church yards in Nottingham. By this time he had about jco 
 followers. His robberies, frolics, clemency, and charily to the poor, foon became the 
 theme of all people. He robbed a bifliop and the fheriffof Nottinghamfliire, and fported 
 v.'ith their perfcns and chara<!T.ers. He fought with a tinker, a fhepherd, and a friar, and 
 others, who handled him roughly. In the fong which relates his great exploits before 
 Qlieen Catharine, we have apidure of his drefs : — 
 
 Robin Hood took his mantlefrom lii; back, 
 It was of Lincoln green. 
 
 And fent it by this lovely page. 
 Tor a prefent to the Queen. 
 
 In lummer time, when leaves grow green. 
 'Twas a feemly fight to f.-c, 
 
 Robin Hood had dreH himfclf, 
 And all hij yeomandre. 
 
 He cloalh'd his men in Lincoln green, 
 And hinilulf in fcarlet red; 
 
 B!3ck li.us, white feathers, all alike. 
 Now bold Robin Hood is rid. 
 
 And whin he cune to London court, 
 He tell down on his k.nee : 
 
 Thou art welcome Lockfley, (b) faid |he Queen, 
 And all thy yeoniaiulre. 
 
 In 
 
 a Tiote are Villages of ibe Njincsof Gamfi.stone .tr.d Gamestone. b Robin Hood is here called by the name of his birlU 
 
 plac«5 3 thing very common in thofe days.
 
 ^HIREWOOD TOTIEST. 
 
 CF THE TOWN OF waTTINCHAM. 
 
 1'% 
 
 In one of thefe fongs we have a defcription of Little John. 
 
 WHEN Robin Hood was about twenty years, 
 Hu iiajipened to meet Little [.jhri, 
 
 A jolly hrilk bladu, ri^ht hi tor thL- trade, 
 For he was a lulVy young man. 
 
 Tho' he wa'^ called Little, his limbs were all large, 
 And his llat jre w.is levcn I'cet higJi ; 
 
 Wherever he came, they quak'd at his name, 
 Fur foon he would make them to Hy. 
 
 After this meeting of Little John and Robin Hood, the ballad informs you that they 
 fought, in which combat the latter was worfted ; but after the fight, a little perfuafion 
 made Little John join this band of merry-making robbers. As the latter part of this 
 ballad is particularly dclcriptive of the manner this little hoft of warriors lived; and 
 of the changing of John Little's name to that of Little John, and as the poetry is not 
 the moil: inditfcrent in the Garland, I give it here: 
 
 There's no one ihall wrong thee, friend, be not afraid, 
 
 Thefe bowmen upon nie do wait. 
 There are three fcore and nine ; if thou wilt be mine, 
 
 Tiiou ihalt have my livery Itrait 
 And other accoutrements fitting alfo: 
 
 Spe^k up, jolly blade, never fear, 
 I'll teach you alfo ihenle of long bow. 
 
 To Ihout at tiie fat fallow deer. 
 Oheie is my hand, the Itrangcr reply "d, 
 
 I'll ferve you with all my whole heart; 
 My nnmc is John Little, a man of good mdtlc, 
 
 Ne'er doubt me lor I'll play iny pari. 
 His name fliall be aller'd, quoth Will Stutely, 
 
 And I will hi? godfather be; 
 Prepare then a fcaft, and none of the leaft, 
 
 tur we will be mcny, quotli he 
 They prclently fetch'd ui a brace of fat does, 
 
 With humming ilrong liquor likewife ; 
 They lov'd what was good ; fo in the greenwood, 
 
 This pretty fweet babe they baptiz'd. 
 He was, I muft tell vou, but i'e\en tect high, 
 
 And, may be, an til iii the waill ; 
 He was a Iweet lad, nuith fcafting they had ; 
 
 Robm Hood the chriltcning grac'd. 
 With all his bowmen, which (lood in a ring, 
 
 They were of the Nuttingham breed ; 
 Brave Siutely came ihLU, with feven yuemcn, 
 
 And did in his manner proceed; 
 
 This infant was called John Little, quoth he. 
 
 Which name Ihall be changed anon, 
 The word-! we'll tranfpofc, fo where'rc he Qnc^, 
 
 \{i-< name ihall be call'd Litlle John. 
 Tiity all with a Ihout m.ide the elements ring ; 
 
 So foon as the office w.is o'er. 
 To feafting they went, with true merriment, 
 
 And tippled rtrong liquors, gillore. 
 Then Robin he look the pretty fweet babe. 
 
 And cloath'd him from top to his toe 
 In garments of green, moft gay to be feen. 
 
 And gave him a curious long bow. 
 ThoLi fh.iit be an archer as well as the befl-, 
 
 And range in the greenwood with us, 
 Where we'ili nut want gold nor filver, behold, 
 
 While bilhops have aught in their purfe 
 We live here like 'fquires or lords of renown, 
 
 Without e'er a foot of free land; 
 We feall on good cheer, with wine, ale, and l>ccr, 
 
 And every thing at our command. 
 Then mufic and dancing did finifh the day. 
 
 At length when the fun wax^ed low. 
 Then all the wlioie train the grove did refrain. 
 
 And into their caves they did go. 
 And To ever alter, as long as he liv'd, 
 
 Although he was proper and tall, 
 Ycl nf'vcrihelefs, tlie truth to exprefs, 
 
 Slill Liule John they did him call. 
 
 The laft ballad fpeaks of his death after fighting, defperately, with a party of the 
 king's forces, on the 30th of June, under a valiant knight, who was flain in the conteft. 
 
 Bold Robin being taken ill foon after. 
 
 He fcnt for a monk, who let him blood. 
 
 And took bis life away ; 
 Now this being done, his archers did run, 
 
 It was not a time to ftay. 
 Some went on board, and crofs'd tlic feas, 
 
 Tu Flanders, France, and Spain, 
 
 And others to Rome, for fear of their doom. 
 
 But foon rtturncd again. — ■ 
 Thus he, that never fcar'd bow nor fpeaV, 
 
 Was murder'd by' letting of blood. 
 And fo, loving friend, the Itory doth end 
 
 Of valiant' bold Robin Hood. 
 
 From Robin Hood arofe thefe proverbial expreffions, firft in the county of Netting. 
 ham, and then all over England, (a) 
 
 Many talk of Robin Hood who never fiot in hts bow. 
 This certainly alludes to people who talk of things beyond their knowledge. 
 To fell Robin Hood's tenm-worth5.— X^\^ alludes to things fold come lightly by. 
 
 y In 
 
 a Mag. Brit,
 
 170 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. SHTREWOOD FOREST. 
 
 In a fmall grove, part of the cemetery belonging to Kirklees Priory, is a large 
 flat graveftone, on which is carved the figure of a Crofs de Calvary, extending the whole 
 len<7th of the ftone, and round the margin is infcribed in Monaltic charaflers: — 
 
 Dovce: Ihu : de : Nazareh: Donne: Mercy: Elizabeth: de : Stanton: 
 
 Priores: de : Cette Maison. (a) 
 
 The lady whofe memory is here recorded, is faid to have been related to Robin Hood, 
 and under whofe proteftion he took refuge fometime before his death. Thefe being 
 the only monuments, remaining at the place make it probable, at leaft, that they have 
 been preferved on account of the fuppofed affinity ot the perfons over whofe remains 
 they were erefted. 
 
 R. Hood's mother had two fifters, (b) each older than herfelf. The firft married 
 Ro"er Lord Mowbray, the other married into the family of Wake. As neither of 
 thefe could be priorefs of Kirklees, Eliz. Stanton m.ight be one of their defcendants. (c) 
 
 Of Litttle John's death, or more properly John Little, which was his true name, 
 who was fuppofed to be a very tall man, and Robin Hood's piia:e counfellor, we have 
 
 the following : 
 
 Antiquarian Rep. Vol. 3, p. t^o. 
 
 From a loofe paper in Mr. Aflimoles hand-vvridng, Oxford Mufeum. 
 
 " The famous Little John, Robin Hood's companion, lies buried in Hatherfage 
 church-yard, in the Peak of Derbyfhire, with one ftone at his head, another at his feet, 
 each of which, fometime fince, had fome remains of the letters 1. L. and part of his 
 bow hangs up in the chancel, anno 1652." 
 
 Near the Abbey, Leiceller, (lands an upright ponderous foreft ftone, which goes by 
 the name of Little John's flone ; but for what reafon none can tell. 
 
 St. ANN'S WELL, 
 
 Near Nottingham, was, it it faid, a fequeftered haunt of the famous Robin Hood, which 
 tradition has given celebrity to for ages. It is fituate within two miles North Eaft 
 ot Nottingham, on the bafe of a hill, which a century ago, or lefs, was covered with fine 
 afh trees and copice, as well as a great part of the adjacent fields, which are now cleared 
 of wood, and is become good land ; fome portion of which ftill retains the name of 
 copice and belongs to the BurgefTes of Nottingham. The houfe which is reforted to in 
 fummer time, flands near the Well, both which are fhaded by firs and other trees. — 
 Here is a large bowling-green, and a little negledted pleafurc ground. 
 
 The 
 
 a This Norman iiifcription (hews its Aniiquity. — Robin Hood's anceftors were Noimans, and poffeffed the Lordfliip of Kyme,. 
 in LincoinOnie. Tiiere is a imaiket-iown in that county called Stantun, 
 b Dr. Stukeley, c Anecdotes of Archei^.
 
 LdiZi- 
 
 
 a'E 
 
 M- 
 
 J 
 
 
 ru 
 
 U 
 
 r 
 
 D L 
 
 Ji 
 
 
 V 
 
 ■4a^ a;^'^. ■ /y^£>a^ --,^^:u/K 
 
 ^cdy7■~Qy2y-ed'S7^e am// /7^ 7'^V^ 
 
 ■ f^yi^^-' - - -^ ^-^ — ^ 
 
 Aoiw^Coo^ ote;^xiv|aJ°;^ecet4vi§ mcc;Ot>!:pi?vii
 
 SHIREWOOD FOREST. OF THE TOWN OF NOTTINGHAM, i^l 
 
 The Well is under an arched ftone roof, of rude workmnnfhip, the water is very 
 cold, it will kill a toad. — See figure i. — It is ufcd by thole who are afRided with 
 rheumatic pains-, and indeed, like many other popular fprings, for a variety of 
 difordtrs. At the houle were iormcrly fliewn fcvcral things laid to have belonged to 
 Robin Hood; but they are frittered down to what are now called his cap, or helme:, 
 and a part of his chair. As thefe have paffed current for many years, and perhaps ages, 
 as things once belonging to that renowned robber, I fl^etched them. They are reprc- 
 fcnted on the annexed plate. 
 
 A remaikable circumllance happened here about fifty years fuice. The (lory is told 
 thus : A regiment of dragoons lay at Nottingham, at that time, and five of the men 
 agreed to go a deer-fteaiiiig, tor which purpole they traverled, in the night, over a great 
 extent of country, in vain. Chagrined at the dilappointmcnt, in palling over an emi- 
 nence called Shepherd's- i< ace, near St. Ann's Well, two of ihem agreed to go down the 
 hill and fteal fome geefe belonging to the people who lived at St. Ann's Well. A young 
 man who was a iervant in the family, and had been out late in company inllead of goino- 
 to bed layed himlelf down upon a table in a room, or fome other ready and convenient 
 place, where he flept fometime; but was awaked by the noife of the frighted geefe, 
 which were difturbed by the Ibldiers attempting to fteal them. The young man beino^ 
 a little elevated in liquor had the temerity to go from the houfe with an intent to proteft 
 his mafter's or miftrefs's property, in which attempt he was iTiot through the head, by a 
 piece placed fo near him that his br.iins were feen fcattered about him, were he fell, in a 
 variety of diredions. 
 
 The particulars concerning this murder did not come out till about 20 years after the 
 tranfadion, whi n two old penfioners, from Chelfea Hofpital, were taken up for the faft, 
 and brought to Nottingham gaol ; but it turned out that the principals, in the horrid 
 deed, were dead. 
 
 SHEPHERD'S RACE, 
 
 Which I had occafion to mention in the above narrative, is a place much refoited to, 
 and is reprefented, fig. 2. 
 
 It is cuton the lummit of a hill near St. Ann's Well, and appears to be cut out of 
 the turf for a place of exercife. Opinions vary about this as v/ell as other thin^-i-s of 
 this fort : where hiftory is filent the ingenuity of man fupplies the place. Dr. Stukely 
 fuppofes it Roman. Deeiing fays, " ic feems to be a name of no old (landing." It is 
 on a cominon belonging to Sneinton, given to that village by the Pierponts, and the laft 
 author judges its name to have been given by the ditpherds ufing it fince that time as 
 an amufement in running it. " It is evidently, he fays, from the crofs-croflets in the 
 centres ot the four lefTer rounds ; and in that there are no banks raifed but circular 
 trenches cut into the turf, and thofe fo narrow that perfons cannot run in them, but mu(t 
 run on the top of the turf," that it is of no Roman origin, and yet is more ancient than 
 the reformation. He farther adds, as an opinion, " that it was made by lome prieds 
 
 belonging.
 
 172 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. SHIREWOOD FOREST. 
 
 belonging to St. Ann's Chapel, who being confined fo as not to venture out of fight 
 or hearing, contrived this to give themfelves a breathing tor want of other exercifes." 
 
 I perceived a number of the initials of names cut in the turf about the ^hepherd's-race, 
 done by thofe, I am told, who have run it ; and I alfo faw two or three humble imita- 
 tions of this celebrated race cut, on a fmall fcale, out of the turf near it. 
 
 This maze or labyrinth is 1 7 or 18 yards fquare. At the angles are four oval pro- 
 jeftions facing the four cardinal points; the dillance of the extremities of which are 34. 
 yards or thereabout'. 
 
 At Clifton, alio, there is one cf this fort; but diflimilar in formation. 
 
 After what has been faid of this ancient Foreft, both with refpedl to its antiquity as a 
 foreft, extent, and its former fplcndour, and its prefent, with regard to appearance, de- 
 gradation, it will be no unentertaining portion of this hiftory to relate here, the dif- 
 coveries of ancient things, that have been made upon this royal domain. It may fhew, 
 that in very remote times, it was a chofen fpot for a tribe of the aborigines of this 
 ifland, or at leaft, of the Romans, who fubdued them. It is but juftice, however, to 
 preface this part of the feventh Seftion, with an acknowledgement to Hayman Rooke, 
 Efq. of Mansfield Woodhoufe, in this county, for the favour of part of the materials 
 with which the account of Shirewood Foreft is concluded; a gentleman wbofe zeal for 
 the furtherance of this hiftory has been tcftiiicd, to me, by the moil liberal and candid 
 behaviour. 
 
 Near Blidworth, on Shirewood Foreft, is a fingular Rock, reprefented in the fubjcined 
 plate. The only account Mr. Rooke coulc' get of it was, that it has been there time 
 immemorial. Upon a clofe examination, it appears to be a kind of natural cement of 
 gravel and fand, but whether not of art it is noteafy to dilcern. It ftands on a rock, 
 the ground fioping on every fide. Part of it is hollow, which probably might have been 
 excavated by the ancient Britons, for fome myfterious purpoles. We find from the 
 druidical monuments which have been dilcovered, in this ifiand, many remarkable rocks 
 that have evidently had the afllftance of the tool in their formation, and thefe, v»e have 
 reafon to fuppofe were held facred by the Druids. Mr. R. cannot help thinking, that, 
 this very fingular rock would not.pafs unnoticed by the fiiperftiticus Britons. 
 
 The circumference of the reck, near the bottom, is 4S Kc-r. Hight 14. 
 
 The ruined chapel of Kimberly, reprefented in the fame plate, with the reck, has not 
 much relationfhip to the Foreft as a Foreft; it ftands without its boundaries; but was 
 taken on an excurfion into the Foreft, in 1792. — It has but little about it to attraft at- 
 tention, and is not fo much as mentioned in Thoroton's hiftory cf the village, which by 
 his account, was but a fmall place about two centuries ago, now it is of confiderable 
 magnitude. It is in the parifh of Greifly. The village is one of the moft romantic, 
 I have feen, in thefe parts. Its fite is extraordinarily diverfificd: fome of the dwellings 
 perch upon the eminence, others fit fnugly on the fide, and Ibme on the bale: comparing 
 little things with great, the travelling of an initufl over a fycceffion of ant-hills, is like 
 that of a man over the lanes orpafl^agcs t.hrough this village^ 
 
 King
 
 
 
 ^
 
 
 M^ 
 
 'r^ 
 
 ^. 
 
 ~~ -?~^ 
 
 ; J 
 
 p^yznji^ ^ 

 
 SHIREV/OOD FOREST. THOROTON S NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. I73 
 
 King John's Palace as a ruin, on the fame plate, is fcarcely noticed by Thoroton. He 
 tells us, however, // was burnt; but wheiher he means the building here reprefented, or 
 the village of Clipllon, under which licad he has noticed it, and near which it (lands, is 
 not certain. The view is N. W. 
 
 This ruin itands on the Foreft, and was a palace for our kings, fo early as the reign 
 of Henry II. King John, before and atier he was King, frequently refided here ; it 
 was confidered as his favorite dwelling. Hence his charier granted to Nottingham, in 
 the firft year of his reign, is dated. A Parliament was held here by Edward I. 1290, 
 and an old oak, at the edge of the Park, long bore the name of rarlianunt Oak. — 
 Edward II. and III. vifited this palace. Henry VI. gave it with the manor, to Edmund 
 earl of Richmond and Jafper earl of Pembroke. In Henry the Vlllth's reign, it was 
 granted to the then duke of Norfolk. It afterwards paffed to the earl of Warwick, 
 and Henry Sidney. By them it was forfeited, and was attached to the crown till James 
 the Firfl's reign, when it pafTed to the feoffees of Gilbert earl of Shrewlbury. It was 
 afterwards in the Newcaftle family, and now is the property of the duke of Portland. 
 Its park IS nearly eight miles in circumference, and has been famed tor its fine oaks, 
 which were partly deftroyed during the troubles in the lafb century. 
 
 Antiquities upon Shirewood Foreft, and in the Neighbourhood of 
 
 Mansiield Woodhoufc. 
 
 In the year 17S6, Hayman Rooke, Efq. of Mansfield Woodhoufe, difcovered, with- 
 in a mile and half of that Village, two Roman Villa?. What led to this difcovery 
 was his having ktn feveral fmall Tefferfe, which the Romans ufed in their pavements, 
 faid to have been found in the north fields, where, in digging about a foot below the 
 furface, the labourers came to a wall, which, by following, Mr. Rooke traced out a 
 complete Villa Urbana-, (a) confifting of nine rooms and a hypocauff. See the plan, 
 {A) in No. I. In clearing out the earth, which was a foot deep to the floors, the walls 
 of mofb of the rooms appeared to have been ftuccoed and painted in ftiipes of purple, 
 red, yellow, and green. In the centre room, marked {b) in the plan, is part of a very 
 elegant Mofaic Pavement ; this room was probably the triclinium, or dining-room. 
 
 'Ihe entrance of this Villa feems to have been on the eaft front, into a narrow cryp- 
 toporticus, marked (c) with painted walls and a teflelated pavement ; the cubes near 
 an inch fquare of a light ftone colour •, at one end of the cryptoporticus is the hypocauft 
 (d) to which the heat was conveyed through an arch under the wall from the other fide, 
 where the fire was made, and a quantity of afhcs found. 
 
 At about fourteen feet from the north- wefl end of this Villa, was a building, marked 
 {ej which he imagines was a necefTary convenience. 
 
 1 he Villa Ruftica, marked {F) in the plan, certainly belonged to the Villa Urbana, 
 
 Z z the 
 
 a A Roman Villa, confifting of three parts, viz. Urbana, Ruftica, and Frufluaria; the firft of which was that part of the Houfs 
 lei apart for the Mafter's ufe, t.he fecond was for the fervants and cattle ; the hit confifted only of rcpofitories for corn, &c.
 
 
 174 THOROTOn's NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. SHIREWOOD FOREST. 
 
 the diftance being only ten yards from the north-eaft end. This Villa confifts of thir- 
 teen fmall rooms, two hypocaufls, a cold bath, and, what Mr. Rooke then thought, a 
 court in the centre, but as he has fince difcovered a fire-place in the middle, he thinks it 
 mud have been covered in •, three of thel'e rooms had painted walls, in that on the eafl: 
 end, near the hypocauil and cold bath, which he iuppofes to have been the apodyterium, 
 or dripping room, the colours were remarkably bright. In clearing out the large hypo- 
 caufl (g) levcral pieces of a fmooth ftucco floor were found, which Mr. Rooke Iuppofes 
 to have been the floor of the Sudatorium and calida lavatio over the hypocault. In 
 the infide wail ot the little room were fixed two oblong bales of pillars, marked (h) in 
 the plan. Three more of the fame kind were difcovered about three months after, in a 
 line with the other two, thefe are marked (/^) in the plan-, on the tops of thefe ftone 
 bales are grooves, but as they are not all of the fame dimenfions, Mr. R. does not imagine 
 they were intended for pillars, but rather fuppofes, they were bales of altars, dedicated 
 to local deities. 
 
 At about one hundred yards fouth-eafl: of the Villa Uibana, Mr. Rooke difcovered 
 two Roman fepulchres — iee (/') and (_k) nothing remains of (z) but the toundation-, the 
 other was more perfedl. The remains of the fide walls were about one foot under 
 ground, in clearing two feet of earth, he came to a ftucco flcor, which covered- one 
 large flat ftone and two or three fmall ones. Thefe were laid over a cift or little vault, 
 feven feet long, two wide, and one foot fix inches deep : This was full of a very light 
 kind of earth -, in the bottom ftood an Utn, containing allies, which had been cracked 
 by the weight of the earth, and fell to pieces on being removed. Two fmall bones of 
 the arm, two rib bones, and lour or five joints of the back bone, lay fcattered in the 
 bottom; thefe were what probably had efcaped the fire and were afterwards de- 
 pofited with the urn. Between the two f.-pulchres is a pavement feven feet fquare, 
 marked, (/) in the centre was a kind of pedcftal, part of it broken ■, on this probably 
 was placed a ftone with a fepulchral infcription, fragments of which were found in clear- 
 ing away the earth from the pavement, but, not being able to recover them all, Mr. R. 
 could not make out the inlciiption. 
 
 Many fragments of patera and pots of different kind of Roman ware, were picked 
 up in clearing out the rooms, fome of a dark colour, thin, hard, and elegantly ornamented 
 with indented work; a fmall patera of the beft kind of red ware had ALBVS, the 
 maker's name, in Roman capitals, at the bottom. Several pieces of a large ftage's horns 
 were found, fome had been fawed off^, one piece, in particular, had been iawed and 
 fmoothed on each fide, and ftamped with a circular mark. Many bones of animals, 
 boar's tufks, and fome remarkable large teeth, fuppofed to have been horfes, vi^ere found 
 in both Villse. (a) 
 
 Antiquities found in the Villa, fee No. 2. 
 
 ji. The top of a Lamp of yellow pottery. 
 
 B. A Brafs Nipper wtiich ftill retains its elafticity. 
 
 C. A Piece 
 
 a For a njore particuUr Dcfcripiion of lliefe ViU-i;, fee Mi. Rooke's Account in the Archa'io : Vol. S. p. 363.
 
 X? 11 
 
 u- 
 
 y_-:--..- 
 
 X? Ill 
 
 ^if.^t ^K' -'W^ ^'^^ * '^JB^<. -f ? 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 U/ Jfas^
 
 I
 
 SHIREWOOD FOREST. THOROTON's NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. | y* 
 
 C A piece of a Cullender. 
 
 D. Part of a circular Ornament with narrow borders of a yellovy mcta], within thefe 
 it has the appearance of green enamel, but now much dcfaad. 
 
 E. Seems to have been part of a brafs fibula, it was found flicking to the coulter of a 
 plough, in a field near the villa. 
 
 F. Three Ivory Pins. 
 
 G. Part of a Erafs Ornament, which has now a fine green polifli. 
 
 H. Seems to have b;en a kind of Strigil or Rubber, which the Romans ufed to lub 
 their fkins with. It is of a pale grey colour, the bottom Iniooth ; the indented rim was 
 prob.ibly intended for fixii^g a cloth round it, when a more gentle fridion was required. 
 
 /. An Iron Key much ti eroded by ruff. 
 
 Several Roman Coins v. ere found, fome very fmall, three of Conflantine very perfeifl, 
 the heads of the others haidly perceptible except one of Claudius Gothicus, and one of 
 Salonina. 
 
 Mr. Rooke thinks it probable that the Romans had a ftation at Mansfield, though 
 not mentioned in any of the Itineraries •, feveral Roman Coins have been found there, four 
 Tvlr. R. has in his pofTefllon, one of Vefpafian and one of Conflantinus, very perfeft -, the 
 other two appear to be Antoninus pius and Marcus Aurelius. There are remains of 
 feveral little exploratory Camps in the neighbourhood, one is at the end of Mansfield 
 Woodhoule, on a little eminence called Winny Hill; the double ditch and vallum are 
 perfedl in fome places, but moft of it has been deftroyed by the road which <Toes to 
 Ollerton. On the Foreft, within three miles of Mansfield, are fome remains of another 
 Camp on a hill that flopes down to a little brook called Rainworth Water, v hich divides 
 Mansfield and Blidworth parifhes. 'a) 
 
 On the South-Eaft end of Shirewood Foreft, and within two miles of the villan-e of 
 Arnold, is part of a very extenfive Roman Camp, fee the plan in {a) in No. 3. where (/-) 
 is the prsetorium, or place vWiere the General pitched his tent; this camp is fituated 
 on an elevated fpot called Holly-Hill, commanding an extenfive view towards Mans- 
 field, and fuppofed to be the higheft ground on the Forelt ; this Mr. Rooke thinks was 
 the principal camp of the main body of the Roman army, in thefe parts. 'I'his ground 
 has been lately enclofed, fo that probably there may be now no traces of this camp to be 
 feen. The progrefs of a Roman army through this part of Notiinghamfhire, is Itrongly 
 marked by the fize and fituation of this camp, which is not above five miles from Not- 
 tingham, the Catfennse of the Romans. 
 
 In a field called Lovely-Grange, not far from Oxton, is another Roman camp, fee the 
 plan (f) in No. 3. About a mile weft of this is another Imall exploratory camp, fee the 
 plan : {d) It goes by the name of Oldox, which prcbably means old works. At the 
 diftance of one mde north -eall, is a farm fituated on an eminence called the Combs, 
 where a Roman camp is plainly to be made out; fee the plan, {e) here Mr. R. found 
 feveral Roman bricks and tiles, which the farmers to'd him they frequently turned up 
 in ploutjhing. At about fifty yards to the north, is a circular vallum of earth, near forty 
 
 yards 
 
 ■ 3 Fora_further Account of thefe, fee Mr. Rooke on the Roman Road and Camp;, Archaio : Vol. 9. p. 198 & iOJ.
 
 176 THOROTON's NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. SHIREWOOD FOREST. 
 
 yards diameter, part of it has lately been deflroyed by the plough, fee (/) At about 
 three miles and a half north-eafl; of the Combs, near the village of Kirk lington, is a hill 
 called Hexgrave Park, v/here there are evident marks of an encampment. Theditcli 
 and vallum here and there perfecl. Thefe fmall camps command extenfive views over 
 the Forefl: towards Mansfield and are vifible from the great camp on Holly-Hill, from 
 whence intelligence might be conveyed by fignals. Roman Coins have been found in 
 and near thefe camps. Mr. Rooke has got three, two of the middle brafs, the heads 
 only diftinguifhable; thefe were found near the camp at Aldox-, the orher in his pof- 
 felTion, is ot the larger brafs, fuppofed ro be Antoninus Pius -, on the reverfe is a figure 
 half naked, with a hafta in the right hand, and the other refting on the left knee, with the 
 letters S. C. Senatus Confulto; the legend totally defaced. This was fcund near Ar- 
 nold, and feveral others have been picked up on that part of Holly-Hillj that has been 
 cultivated. 
 
 On the 2oth of 06tober, 1789, Mr. Rookc, opened a large Barrow on Shirewood 
 Forefl", near Oxton, which meafured i i^c) feet in circumference. In digging about feven 
 feet and a half from the top to a little below the level foil, he difcovered an Urn, fee (a) 
 in the fubjoined plate, half full of afhes, and covered with a piece of coarfe baked earth ; 
 on exanining the Urn, he found it was made of iron, and much corroded with rufl:; on 
 one fide, and at the bottom is a piece of wood, marked (b) which flicks to the Urn, and 
 feveral fmall pieces were found near it. Mr. R. thinks there is great reafon to fuppofe, 
 that, this urn was depofited in the Bariovv, in a wooden cafe. Near the urn was a Sword 
 in a wooden fcabbard, two feet fix inches in length, and four inches broad. In taking 
 it up, it broke into feven piece? •, the wood, when prelTed, mouldered into dufb. Near 
 the end ot the fword, fifteen Glafs Beads were picked up, fome green, others clouded 
 with yellow, and fome of deep yellow. See their fize marked (c) m the plate. 
 
 Mr. Rooke thinks it probable, that, thefe beads were depofited as amulets; not be- 
 ing perforated they could not be ufed as ornaments, and when fo found, the barrow is 
 generally thought to be the fepulchre of a woman. The finding beads and arms toge- 
 ther, Mr. R. think-s is very remarkable, and believes, this is the only inflance where 
 they have been difcovered with weapons, (a) 
 
 In the fame plate, (d) is an Iron Dagger, which broke in taking up. It has been in a 
 wooden fcabbard, bits of which now adhere to the ruft, and are difliinguiflied in the 
 drawing by the light parts, (e) Is an Iron Infl;rument oF a fingular fliape ; the fides 
 are flat, the point plainly appears to have been broken ofi^ and upon it is a thin coat of 
 frnooth yellow ruft, which probably may be owing to fome acid quality in that part of 
 riie earth where it was found : (f) fee ms to be an iron weapon, with a hole at the end for 
 a flaff, very much corroded with rufl:. The Braf-^ Key at the bottom of the plate, was 
 found on Shirewood Forefl:, in making a new road from Kirkby to join that which goes' 
 from Mansfield to Nottingham. The fingular fiiape of this key, and the green ruft 
 tnat It has acquired from age, make Mr. R^ inclined to think it is the work of a Roman 
 artifl:. In Montfeueon there is a key whofe wards exadly refemble this. - 
 
 BROXTOW 
 
 a Tor a irore particular defcrii>tion of tlicfe relics, fee Mr. Rooke's account in Archaio : Vol, oi, p. 378.
 
 [sec. VI,] 
 
 HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND COUVTV. 
 
 ^17 
 
 BROXTOW, Tluirgarton, and Bafletlavv Hundreds, contain almofl the whole of 
 Shirewood Foreft, which wc have befMi dclcribing ; in which arc many things Iiandrd 
 down by tradition, reipefting, or bearing the name of, Robin Hood. One ot tliele,. 
 befides what we have noticed in the foregoing pages, is a curious Cave at Pappelwick, 
 in Broxtow Hundred, on the fide of a little hill, on a farm, the Honourable l-'ederick 
 Mountague's, near the Lodge at Papplewick-Hall, called Robin Hood's Stable, handed 
 down as fuch by tradition, with which I conclude this Hiilory. Mr. Rook, who fa- 
 voured me with the drawings of the entrance and internal appearances of this Cave,, 
 from which the views below are taken, thinks there is a great probability of its beinjj- 
 ufed by that celebrated depredator. 
 
 No. I, is a perfpedive view of the entrance before the prcfent door was put up and', 
 the wall ereifled. 
 
 No. 2, is a view of the iniide. This Cave evidently appears to have been cut out of 
 the folid rock, which feems to have been excavated with judgment-, the little hollows 
 [a) {b) (f), are well contrived. for holding fodder ; at («) two hcrfes may feed together •,. 
 at [b) and {c) one each. 
 
 1- IMS.
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 Page 4— Line 8— read Linddm for Lindom. 
 
 Firft Line of tho Note — read Causevnas for Cal'Senma. 
 
 — — 22 — Line 11 — read The present Building, &c. for From the prise.vt Buildin«. 
 ■ Line 15 — read Deering's Time, for Deering's 
 
 — — 32 — Line 29 — read has for have. 
 
 *38 — Line 2, Kote — read Edward for Henry. 
 
 104 — Lill of Vicars, read Rectors. 
 
 129 — Line 24 — read without as. 

 
 INDEX. 
 
 ^aB>€^(! 
 
 A 
 
 CCOUNT, curious of the Appendages to the Cafllc 21 
 
 Antckham's Gift 
 Ail of Uniformity 
 
 Firft 
 
 Addreis to Borlate Wairen and John Pkimptre, Efqs. 
 Antiquity, Reafons in liipport ot 
 
 Ancient polTeflion ot the Kin^s 
 
 Andrew, St. painted Glafs of 
 
 Artns of Families of Noltinsham 
 
 Baric w opened 
 
 , Urn found therein 
 
 Beare's fhocicin^ Practices — ^— 
 
 Bells, St. Mary's 
 
 St Peter's 
 
 Bilby's Bead-houfe 
 
 Biter fit 
 
 Blidworth Rock 
 
 Borough, French and Englifii 
 
 Bridgetord 
 
 Brijihi, Surgeon his Death 
 
 Butler, Aid. his choice 
 
 Buildings and Manul.iilory 
 
 Bugge-Hall 
 
 Caltle, (fee article Nottingham Caflle 
 
 Canal 
 
 Cell, St. Ma]7's 
 
 Charters 
 
 51 
 60 
 6s 
 7 
 57 
 82 
 
 38 
 176 
 ib. 
 64 
 89 
 
 99 
 ie8 
 
 67 
 
 Chapel, St. Mary on the Bridge 
 Charles the Firif erecfed his Standard 
 
 Reviews his Hori'e 
 
 fends a'MelTcnger to Parliament 
 
 Chamber's Efcape from Death 
 
 Chapel-Bar 
 
 Chapel, St. James's 
 
 Church Archiicdfure 
 
 Church, St. Peter's 
 
 • it's Retftors 
 
 Child taken from a Well — 
 
 Church, St Mary's — 
 
 Its Vicars, firft — 
 
 Church, St. Nicholas's 
 
 burnt 
 
 it's Reftors printed by miftake Vicars 
 
 Chrirtophci, Sir Painting of 
 
 Clare, Earl his Tomb 
 
 Collin's Gift 
 
 Vifion 
 
 Collin, lohn died 
 
 Collin's'Hofpital 
 
 College, Secular 
 
 County or General Hofpital 
 
 Prifon 
 
 Court, Spiritual 
 
 Coins 
 
 Cotes, his long preaching 
 
 his Licence to eat Meat during Lent 
 
 Cromwell's Death 
 
 Crumpton died old 
 
 Danes at Nottingham 
 
 Diffenting Places of Worlhip 
 Doomfday Book rcfptding Nottingham 
 
 78 
 34. 35. 60, 124, 125 
 37 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 
 64 
 
 66, 131 
 
 74 
 
 16 
 
 37, 75. 89 
 
 98 
 
 75. 81. 83 
 
 - 8ii 
 
 99 
 
 100 
 104 
 
 83 
 ib. 
 63 
 
 64 
 
 6X 
 
 108 
 
 69, 
 
 108 
 141 
 
 143 
 148 
 
 97 
 ib 
 
 59 
 
 '5 
 
 «3 
 
 105 
 
 »3 
 
 Drought uncommon 
 Ducking, the fuppofed Jacobin? 
 Earthquake — ^— 
 
 Earls of Nottingham 
 
 Ferrers 
 
 Plantaganet — 
 
 Moubray 
 
 Berkley — 
 
 Fitz-R.,y — 
 
 Howard • 
 
 Finch — 
 
 Earwafli C.mal — 
 Epitaphs at St. Mary's — 
 Peter's 
 
 Nicholas's 
 
 114 
 
 Families of Note 
 
 Fire-Ball — _ 
 
 Flawl'ord Church — 
 
 Floods — 
 
 Fofs-Road — — 
 
 Forilficaiion, Ancient at Nottingham 
 Fonts, Ancient — — . 
 
 Free School — 
 
 Frame-work-kniiter's Addrefs to Cromwell 
 
 Friar's Carmelites 
 
 Freeland, Old 
 
 Friar's Minor ■ 
 
 Gaufenns of the Romans placed at Nottingham 
 Gooddy Riley, Old 
 
 Gregory, Aid. 
 
 Gregoiy, ditto 
 
 Gregory, Town-Clerk, his Gift 
 
 Gregory's Pedigree • 
 
 Gregoiy and Matham's Gii't 
 
 Hanky's Gift 
 
 Hail-Storm 
 
 Hall, Mail-robber executed 
 
 Handley's Almflioufe ■ 
 
 Holloway levelled 
 
 Hollow-Stone 
 
 Hofpital, St, John Baplift's 
 
 St. Leonard's 
 
 Hofpital, Plumptrec's 
 
 Holpitaler's Houfe . 
 
 Houfes, thatched 
 
 religious — 
 
 Hotham, Governor of Hull, Prifoncr 
 
 Horn, Andrew executed — 
 
 Jackfon's Sermon 
 
 Jails or Goals — — 
 
 Indemnity to [Nottingham by William and Mary 
 
 Kings at Nottingham 
 
 Kings Hall 
 
 King John's Palace , — 
 
 Kimberley Chapel 
 
 Knight's Religions 
 
 Labourer's Buildings 
 Lemon, fuppofed a Roman Station 
 Priory 
 
 33. 36, 4»i 
 
 Letter to the Knights of the Shir« in 1641 
 
 TACt 
 
 71 
 66, 70 
 
 "J 
 
 ib. 
 116 
 114 
 lib 
 117 
 
 ib. 
 119 
 129 
 
 8j 
 
 89 
 lor 
 
 37, 40 
 6S 
 
 12 
 
 63, 65, 171. 
 
 10 
 
 16 
 
 ib. 
 
 40, 43, loz 
 
 59 
 
 74. 77 
 
 6S 
 
 74. 77 
 
 8, 10 
 
 65 
 93 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 41 
 64. 
 ■IS 
 
 66, 68 
 
 93, 107 
 
 4 
 
 '3* 
 
 36,78 
 
 37. 78 
 
 74, 78 
 
 77 
 
 43 
 
 'S 
 
 56 
 
 67 
 
 -49 
 
 140 
 
 6z 
 
 5o» 5' 
 
 36 
 
 '73 
 
 I7i 
 
 75 
 
 108 
 
 la 
 
 I 
 
 5» 
 
 Lce>
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Ltt's RaOinefs ___ 
 
 Lein River liS— Loen Eridje 
 
 Lightning and Thunder 
 
 Liiilc John, or John Lhile 
 
 — buried . 
 
 Mayors of Nottingham, fird ekfled 
 
 Lift ol, Seilion 3, 
 
 Manners, Sir Thomas 
 
 Martin's Gift 
 
 Man Race 
 
 Marjtci-place 
 
 Mellors 
 
 Meadows 
 
 Medals and Coinj 
 
 Militia Mufter 
 
 Moor's Concretion 
 
 Monaftic Lite 
 
 Karraiive of the Civil War relative to Xouingham 
 
 ^ew Hall '■ 
 
 •Newdijatc Houfe 
 
 Kcivcalile, Duke of, his Pedigree 
 
 Nojthern Li,;hts 
 
 Kottinsham, origin of its Name 
 
 ' ■ dertroycd . 
 
 — fiibterrnneous Struiflures 
 
 • old Caftle 
 
 "~~ Lcland's Account of 
 
 New Cdrtle building 
 
 — Caftle, Remarks oji 
 
 2^~— — Rcftjry and Chapels llici* 
 
 Mortimer's Hole there 
 
 • Mill 
 
 Wall _ 
 
 David of Scotland's Hole there 
 
 Dungeon 
 
 Prefent State of 
 
 Noitin^h-im Park _ 
 
 - a Bt.rough before the Uonqueft 
 
 a County of itlcif 
 
 • — Prefent State of 
 
 its Government 
 
 — ■ its OfBccrs 
 
 — its extent, Jurifdiflion 
 
 *~~~ improved -_^_^ 
 
 Entrance at Lcen Bridge 
 
 ' poetized 
 
 PACE 
 
 63 
 
 1-9 
 
 «;, (,i 
 
 169 
 
 170 
 
 35 
 
 46 
 62 
 
 fome of its new Buildings a Nuifance 
 Farliame:us at Nottingham ' 
 
 Papifts and Proteftants' Difpute 
 
 Parker's, Aid. his Gilt 
 
 Parker John's Gift 
 
 Patent 10 Sir Thomas Willouchby 
 Peve.el .7, ,g, 34-Pevere1's Court 
 
 Villages fubjea to 
 
 Perkham's Gift 
 
 Pedigree of the Plumptrees 
 
 pugT^NSL"' '"^ ""'''"^'' '^'^ '^°'^" ^°""^ 
 
 p:ft^cu'ii,^'^^-'''"^""^'"'^^ 
 
 i'opulation , 
 
 S^n^r'"""-!!'" °" "-^ '"""y °f 11-795 
 Rebellion 1745 
 
 Rfligious Houfcs, Exordium to 
 Rc™lu.,on,Tiannations of at Nottingham 
 
 Rock or Papilh Holes 
 Roman Villi 
 
 133 
 
 43 
 
 130 
 
 143 
 
 46 
 
 Robinfon'i Gift 
 
 Rooke's Efcapefrom Death 
 Rollafoii's Ditio 
 Robin Hood 
 
 ■ 's Pedigree 
 
 — ■ 's Epit.iph 
 
 • 's Death — 
 
 Rupert, Prince at Nottingham 
 his Letter 
 
 ■ Antiquities found therein 
 - Encampn^pnt 
 
 Saxons 15— Saxons Names 
 
 Samon's Pedigree 
 
 Saiiderfon'sGili 
 
 Sedlions ift, page'3-.d, i7-3rd, 34_4th, 
 6th, 120— and 7th, _ ' 
 
 Shrove-Tuefday . 
 
 Shire-Hall _ 
 
 Skeffington Family 
 
 Shambles — __, 
 
 Shirewood Foreft __ 
 
 Ancient 
 
 ~ • — Perambulation of 
 
 77 Explanation of 
 
 Shepherd's Race 
 
 St. Ann's Well _ 
 
 ft Sepulchers 
 
 Skeletons difcovered 
 
 Sleep-walker _ 
 
 Spencer executed for Murder 
 
 Small-Pox, fatal 
 
 Snoitingham changed to Nottingham 
 
 Sneynton 
 
 St.-.ndard Hill 
 
 Stapel's Gift 
 
 Stocking-frame invented 
 
 Tacy, old 
 
 Tempeft at Nottingham 
 
 Thorpe's Loyalty 
 
 Thurland-Hall 
 
 Theatre 
 
 Tower on Caftle-hill 
 
 Town-Hall and Prifon 
 
 Town's Money difpute aboul 
 
 Toplis killed 
 
 Tient Bridge 
 
 Tradefmcn's Tokens 
 
 Trent River 
 
 Unwin, a Poet 
 
 Vegetables 
 
 Veniiiloquiil and Street-Muficiao 
 
 Vout-Hall 
 
 Wall of the Town 
 
 Wall of lefs Antiquity 
 
 Wartnaby'j Gift 
 
 Walker's Ditto 
 
 Ward, old 
 
 Walfh (hot by his Son 
 
 Walks 
 
 Water 
 
 Week-day Crofs 
 
 White, Sir Thomas's Gift 
 
 Willoid Coins 
 
 Willoughby's Bequeft 
 
 Willougliby's, William, Gift 
 
 Willoughby's Bead-houfe 
 
 W ilkmfon, School-mafter 
 Workhoufes 
 Wollry's Bead-houfe 
 Yeomanry Cavalry 
 
 - ~~ Standards prefent«d 
 
 ?AOE 
 
 ib. 
 
 65 
 164 
 I6j 
 
 i6i 
 
 — 169 
 
 5« 
 ib. 
 16 
 39 
 
 *^ 
 73— StJi, irj— , 
 
 ~ '57 
 
 16 
 
 50 
 
 ib. 
 
 ~ 157 
 
 158 
 161 
 163 
 171 
 170 
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 69 
 
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 14, 34 
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 47 
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 133 
 
 142 
 
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 127 
 
 69 
 
 151 
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 133 
 
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 63 
 
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 71 
 
 130 
 
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