IRARY tMirror NO* tGO . SUPPLEMENTARY ENGLISH GLOSSARY. T. LEWIS 0. DAVIES, M.A., VICAR OF S. MART EXTRA, SOUTHAMPTON; AUTHOR OF "BIBLE ENGLISH." LONDON : GEOEGE BELL AND SONS, YORK STREET, COVENT GABDEtf. 1881. [All Eights reserved^] CLAY ANl> TAYLOK, PRINTERS. PREFACE. I HAVE been for some time in the habit of marking in an inter- leaved copy of Halli well's Dictionary references to any of the words noted therein that I may have come across in my reading. I found, however, that even a Dictionary so copious as that had left many terms unrecorded, and about four years ago the idea occurred to me of compiling a Supplementary Glossary. I determined then not to confine myself to archaic and provincial words, which were what Mr. Halliwell undertook to register, but to insert any expressions, whether old or modern, which were not in the best existing Dictionaries. I chose four as those which I would desire to supplement ; that is to say, I decided to exclude from my book (subject to certain exceptions which I shall name immediately) words that were in Richardson's, or HalliwelFs, or Latham's Dic- tionaries, or in Nares's Glossary as edited by Halliwell and Wright. I further resolved not to go back earlier than the 16th century for my materials. The exceptional circumstances under which I have thought it expedient to insert words that were already in one or more of the four works that I have mentioned are principally these : 1. When the word is given, but with no example. 2. When I could adduce a much earlier or later illustration than any supplied in those other Dictionaries. See, e. g., cut = to ' run,' ' crope/ ' fisc,' ' lope/ c officious/ ' partlet/ ' scry/ ' volve/ ( weeds,' &c., &c. 3. When I have been able to furnish an extract, unnoticed by previous lexicographers, which bears on the history of a word, show- ing at about what time or under what circumstances it found its way into the language. Thus Latham has the verb to ' storm ' (a town) with quotations from Dryden and Pope ; Richardson only cites the latter ; it seemed therefore well worth while to adduce a iv PREFACE. passage from Howell in which he says that this expression, together with ' plunder ' and the familiar use of " that once abominable word, excise/' came in at the time of the Great Rebellion. Similar in- stances will be found under * geography/ ' granadier/ ' huzza/ ' loyalty/ ' ministry/ ' prudery,' ' yacht/ &c. 4. When I met with a quotation which marked some sense of a word, differing from that now current, or from the meaning given in the Dictionaries. Thus 'pelf is explained by both Richardson and Latham as " money, riches/' and the former adds, " perhaps applied originally to wealth or riches acquired by pilfering, by petty scrap- ings, or hoardings." But Puttenham (Arte of Eng. Poesie, 1589) tells us the particular kind of scraps that the word in the first place meant : " Pelfe is properly the scrappes or shreds of taylors and skinners." We may observe a similar connection between tailors' odds and ends and pilfering in the word ' cabbage.' Again, ' smart/ as applied to dress, is, among educated people at all events, a modern usage. Richardson has no example of it, and the earliest in Latham is from Dickens. But this would be only negative evidence ; it is confirmed, however, by the following direct testimony from The Gentleman Instructed, which was published very early in the 18th century : " ' Sirrah ! ' says the youngster, ' make me a smart wig, a smart one, ye dog.' The fellow blest himself; he had heard of a smart nag, a smart man, &c., but a smart wig was Chinese to the trades- man. However, nothing would please his worship but smart shoes, smart hats, and smart cravats : within two days he had a smart wig with a smart price in the box. The truth is, he had been bred up with the groom, and transplanted the stable- dialect into the dressing-room." I have, of course, been glad also to put down anything that threw light, however little, on any passage in our best authors. Thus under the words ' capon-justice,' * crants/ and ' equipage ' may be found something bearing on certain expressions in Shakespeare. I may take this opportunity of adding another illustration of the last of these terms, which I met with after that sheet had been printed off: " Master Watson . . . whose Amintas and translated Antigone may march in equipage of honour with any of our ancient Poets." (Nashe, Introduction to Greene's Menaphon, p. 14). I have not meddled with etymology on my own account. My PREFACE. v Glossary does not pretend to be more than a bare catalogue of words with their meanings (where I knew or could ascertain them) and with illustrative examples. I desire to lay stress on this, because while I shall try to receive with proper equanimity strictures on the way iu which I have performed even the modest task that I have under- taken, I do not wish to be blamed for not having accomplished objects which it was never in my mind to attempt. But while, in the matter of etymology, I have refrained from any original effort, I have always been forward to cite extracts which treat of or refer to the derivation of the word for which the passage is quoted. In several cases the etymology may be wrong, or even ridiculous ; as when Ascham tells us that " there is nothing worse [waur ?] than war, whereof it taketh his name," or when S. Richard- son, in the person of Lovelace, says that familiar letter-writing is " writing from the heart (without the fetters prescribed by method or study) as the very word cor-respondence implied." These ety- mologies, if not useful, are at least entertaining and noteworthy; and indeed in a few instances (e. g. Job, Redshanks, Salic) I have cited derivations that were intended to be jocular. As regards the quotations generally, I have endeavoured to make the references as exact as possible. In some cases I was only able to give the volume and page of the edition used, but I hope that the plan which I have adopted in the appended List of Authorities will render the verification of the extract possible, while the year of birth and death which I have added to the name of each author will give to the general reader information as to (about) the date of the quotation. When I first contemplated this Glossary, I did not know that there was any immediate prospect of the Dictionary of the Philo- logical Society being issued. Happily, since then, that scheme has started into new life, and we are led to expect its completion in about eight or ten years time. If there is anything in my book that may be found useful to that important undertaking, I willingly offer it ; while there will still remain a large number of words and phrases which, suitable enough in a miscellaneous Glossary like this, would find no place in a regular Dictionary. I am fully conscious that what I now present to the Public is as a drop in the ocean, but I am not afraid of criticism on the score of my omissions, because all must know that any one man's contri- vi PREFACE. bution towards a catalogue of English words must be very imper- fect. I am, however, more apprehensive of adverse remark on some of the terms that I have admitted. No one would accuse a man of moroseness or exclusiveness because a very large number of respect- able persons might be pointed out of whom he had never taken any notice. It would be well understood that he could not be expected to know everybody, and that probably he would have been well pleased if circumstances had allowed him to make such valuable additions to his acquaintance. If, however, he admitted to his intimacy people of bad or doubtful character, he would justly incur blame. Opinions may differ as to whether I am in this last position. Several slang expressions will be found in my Glossary. I have not gone out of my way to seek these, but I have not rejected them when they have presented themselves in the pages of books that have an assured place in English literature, as, for example, the novels of Fielding, Dickens, or Thackeray. A great deal of slang is ephemeral, neither preserved nor worth preserving, but when an eminent writer employs it, he bestows on it a species of immortality : indeed it often happens that a slang word in course of years loses its slanginess and becomes a recognised part of the language. It is not the aim of a work like this to form a collection of pure and standard English, but to register and explain any words good or bad, legitimate or illegitimate, which are used in our litei*ature. The compiler is like a census enumerator ; his business is to note the names of every one in his district, and to state certain particulars in each case, and this he is bound to do quite irrespective of his private opinion as to the personal qualities of the various individuals with whom he is in this way concerned. The above remarks will also apply, in great mea- sure, to a more respectable class than the preceding the provincial- isms, as to which my practice has been the same. Several foreign words will be found in the following pages, and exception may be taken to their presence in an English Glossary. My rule has been to include these when they appear to have become naturalised or semi-naturalised, e. g. < chiffoniere/ ' esclandre/ ( non- chalance,' ' penchant ' ; or when the writer has seemed to me to use the term with a wish to naturalise it, though his introduction may not have availed to give the stranger any permanent footing among us ; e. g. ' calino ' (Nashe ; Dekker) ; ' intrado ' (Fuller ; Hcylin) ; 'orage' (R. North), &c., &c. PREFACE. vii Another class of words I may notice ; those which have appar- ently been coined for the occasion. I have not excluded such expressions ; they are often amusing or interesting, and it would be rash in any one case to say that the word is peculiar to the author in whom we first find it. ' Betweenity/ for instance, might be taken for one of Southey's numerous inventions, but Walpole, another great manufacturer of verbal eccentricities, had used it before him. Even when a writer expressly announces a word as coined by him- self, we cannot be certain of more than that he was unaware of its having been in circulation. (See ' agreeability/ ' naturalness/ 'regi- mented/ ' triality/ &c.) Thus then, though many of these issues of the word-mint may be ugly, debased, or intrinsically worthless, they ought yet, I think, to have a place as objects of curiosity in the cabinet of the collector. I have also had to consider what should be done with words which in their simple fonn are in the Dictionaries, but which I have found compounded with some prefix as be-, fore-, un-, or some suffix as -able, -less, -ship. I could not discover that the works which I propose to supplement went on any fixed principle in this matter ; some of these compounds were inserted; others, equally common, were left out. My general rule has been to admit them. In addition to isolated words I have, following the example of Nares, Halliwell, and Latham, taken cognizance also of phrases, and even, in some instances, of proverbial sentences. It is of course difficult to draw the line as to what should be included under this head ; each case has had to be decided on its own merits and to the best of my judgment. It only remains to express my cordial thanks to those who have assisted me in my task. My acknowledgments are especially due to Edward Peacock, Esq., author of the Manley and Corringham Glossary, &c., for large contributions of words ; to the Rev. W. C. Plenderleath, Rector of Cherhill, Wilts, who carefully read and marked for me three somewhat voluminous works ; to Edgar MacCulloch, Esq., of Guernsey, who has often taken much trouble in clearing up points on which I needed information ; to the Hon. J. Leicester "Warren, who sent me several words, principally from books that are rather out of the ordinary course of reading ; and to F. Francois De Chaumont, Esq., M.D., F.R.S., Professor of Hygiene at Netley Hospital, who added to the kindnesses shown me during a viii PREFACE. friendship of many years standing, by being always ready to assist me with his large and varied knowledge in ascertaining the meaning of obscure or technical terms. I have also derived great help from the vast store of information de omni re scibili contained in the five Series of Notes and Queries ; from the publications of the English Dialect Society ; and from the Chertsey Worthies' Library, edited by Mr. Grosart, and rendered more valuable by the careful Glossarial lists which he has appended to such of the works as are yet completed. This Library is printed for private circulation, only 100 copies of each part being issued. I owe the use of the copy that I have had to the kindness of one of the subscribers, J. E. Bailey, Esq., author of the Life of Fuller. It will be seen that a few words or phrases are left unexplained. I shall be glad to receive any elucidation of these, or any corrections of errors that may be detected by those who use the book. T. LEWIS 0. DAVIES. LIST OF AUTHOES QUOTED. I HAVE only inserted in this list the names of the Authors who are quoted more or less frequently. In other cases the date is generally appended to the extract. Except as regards living writers I have added the date of birth and death, and in some instances the year in which their more important works, or the works most often cited in my Dictionary, appeared. Where a knowledge of the edition used by me would be necessary to enable a reader to verify the reference, the information is given within square brackets. ADAMS, THOMAS (1588 ?-1655 ?), Practical Works [Nichol's Puritan Divines, 1861-2]. ADDISON, JOSEPH (1672-1719), The Spectator, 1711-14 ; The Drummer, 1715. ALBUMAZAR, a Comedy by Tomkis ? printed 1615. ANDREWES, BP. (1555-1626), Sermons [Ang. Cath. Lib., 1841-43]. . ANSTET, CHR. (1724-1805), New Bath Guide, 1766. ANTIJACOBIN, Poetry of [4th ed., 1801]. ARBER, E., English Garner, 1877-80, Introduction to Marprelate Controversy, 1879. ASCHAM, ROGER (1515-68), Toxophilus, 1545 [ed. Arber, 1865] ; Schoolmaster, pub- lished posthumously, 1570 [ed. Upton, 1743]. AUBREY, JOHN (1626-97), Miscellanies, 1696 [Smith's Lib. of Old Authors, 1857]. AUSTEN, JANE (1775-1817), All her novels published between 1811 and 1818. BACON, FRANCIS (1561-1626), Essays, 1597-1625. BAILEY, NATHANAEL (d. 1742), Eng. Diet, 1722 [3rd ed., 1726] ; Colloquies of Erasmus translated, 1733 [ed. 1877]. BALE, BP. (1495-1563), Select Works [Parker Soc., 1849]. BARHAM, R. H. (1788-1845), Ingoldsby Legends. BARNARD, JOHN (d. 1683), Life of Heylin, 1683 [prefixed to Eccles. Hist. Soc. ed. of Heylin's Reformation, 1849]. BEAUMONT, FRANCIS (1586-1616), and FLETCHER, JOHN (1576-1625), Dramatic Works. BEAUMONT, JOSEPH (1616-99), Psyche [ed. Grosart, Chertsey Worthies' Lib., 1877-8]. BECON, THOMAS (1512-70), Works [Parker Soc., 1843-4). BLACK, WILLIAM, Adventures of a Phaeton, 1872 ; Princess of Thule, 1873. BLACKMORE, RICHARD, Lorna Doone, 1869. BLANCHARD, LAMAN (1803-45), Life and Remains of L. E. L[andon], 1841. BLOOMFIELD, ROBERT (1766-1823), Poems. BOSWELL, JAMES (1740-95), Life of Johnson, 1790 [ed. 1835]. BRADFORD, JOHN (d. 1555), Writings [Parker Soc., 1848-53]. BRAMHALL, ABP. (1593-1663), Works [Ang. Cath. Lib., 1842-44]. x LIST OF A UTHORS QUOTED. BRAND, J. (1743 ?-1806), Popular Antiquities, published posthumously, edited by Sir H. Ellis, 1813 [Bohn's Antiq. Lib., 1853-55]. BRETON, NICHOLAS (1542?-1626?), Work? [ed. Grosart, Chertsey Worthies' Lib., 1879]. BRITTEN, J. and HOLLAND, R., Diet, of Eng. Plant Names, E. D. S., 1878-80. BRONTE, CHARLOTTE (1816-55), Jane Eyre, 1847 ; Villette, 1853. BRONTE, EMILY (1818-48), Wnthering Heights, 1847. BROOKE, HENRY (1706-83), The Fool of Quality, 1766-70 [ed. Kingsley, 1859]. BROOKS, THOMAS (1608-80), Works [Nichol's Puritan Divines, 1866-7]. BROOME, RICHARD (d. 1632), A Jovial Crew, a Comedy. BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704), Works Serious and Comical [ed. 1760]. BROWNE, SIR THOMAS (1605-82), Works [ed. 1686]. BROWNING, ROBERT, Poems. BROWNING, ELIZABETH BARRETT (1809-61), Poems. BULLINGER, HENRY (1504-75), translated by H. J., 1577 [Parker Soc., 1849-52]. BUNYAN, JOHN (1628-88), Pilgrim's Progress, Part I. 1678 ; II. 1684 [Facsimile of 1st ed., 1875]. BURGOYNE, SIR JOHN (d. 1792), Dramatic Works. BURKE, EDMDND (1730-97), Reflections on the French Revolution, 1790 [new ed., 1852]. BURTON, ROBERT (1576-1640), Anatomy of Melancholy, 1621 [ed. 1638]. BUTLER, SAMUEL (1612-80), Huclibras, 1663-78. BYRON, LORD (1788-1824), Poems. CALFHILL, JAMES (d. 1570), Answer to Martiall, 1565 [Parker Soc., 1846]. CARLYLE, THOMAS (1795-1881), Sartor Resartus, 1833 ; Fr. Revolution, 1837 ; Life of Sterling, 1851 ; Essays, v. d. [ed. 1857]. CARTWRIGHT, WILLIAM (1611-43), The Ordinary, a Comedy. CENTLIVRE, SUSANNA (1667-1723), Dramatic Works [ed. 1872]. CHAPMAN, GEO. (1557-1634), Dramatic Works [ed. 1873] ; Iliad, 1603. CHAUCER, GEOFF. (1328?- 1400), Poems. CHURCHILL, CHARLES (1731-64), Poems. GIBBER, COLLEY (1671-1757), Plays ; Apology, 1739 [ed. 1829]. COLERIDGE, SAMUEL (1772-1834), Poems. COLLIER, JEREMY (1650-1726), View of the Eng. Stage, 1698 [2nd ed.]. COLLINS, WILKIE, The Woman in White, 1860 ; the Moonstone, 1868. COLMAN, GEO., SENR. (1733-94), Dramatic Works. COLMAN, GEO., JUNR. (1762-1836), Poetical Vagaries [2nd ed. 1814] COMBE, WILLIAM (1741-1823), Three Tours of Dr. Syntax, 1812-20-21. COMMITTEE, THE. See HOWARD. CONGREVE, WILLIAM (1670-1729), Dramatic Works. CORBET, BP. (1582-1635), Poems [ed. Gilchrist, 1807]. COTTON, CHARLES (1630-87), Poetical Works [5th ed. 1765]; Scarronides or Travestie of ^ncid II. [ed. 1692]. COVERDALE, BP. (1488-1569), Works [Parker Soc., 1846]. COWLEY, ABRAHAM (1618-67), Poems and Essays. COWPER, WILLIAM (1731-1800), Poems. Cox, SIR G., Mythology of the Aryan Nations, 1870. CRABBE, GEORGE (1754-1832), Poems. CRANMER, ABP. (1489-1556), Works [Parker Soc., 1844-6]. LIST OF AUTHORS QUOTED, xi DANIEL, SAMUEL (1562-1619), Hist, of England, 1618. D'ARBLAY, FRANCES (1752-1840), Cecilia, 1782 ; Camilla, 1796 ; Diary [ed. 1842]. DAVIES, JOHN, of Hereford (1560 ?-1618), Works [ed. Grosart, Chertsey Worthies Lib., 1876]. DEFOE, DANIEL (1663 ?-1731), Tour thro' G. Britain [4th ed., 1748] ; Select Works [ed. Keltie, 1871]. DEKKER, THOMAS (1641 ?), Satiromastix, 1602 ; Seven Deadly Sins, 1606 [ed. Arber, 1879]. DENHAM, SIR JOHN (1615-68), Poems. DENNYS, JOHN (d. before 1613), Secrets of Angling, 1613. DE QUINCEY, THOMAS (1785-1859), Selections Grave and Gay, 1853-61 ; Conf. of an Opium-eater [new ed., 1853]. DICKENS, CHARLES (1812-70), Works, Pickwick, 1836; Chuzzlewit, 1843; Bleak House, 1852 ; Great Expectations, 1858. DIGBY, GEORGE, Earl of Bristol (1612-76), Elvira, a Comedy. DISRAELI, BENJAMIN, Earl of Beaconsfield (1804-81), Lothair, 1871. DODSLEY, ROBERT (1703-64), Collection of Old Plays [ed. 1744]. D'OYLY, GEORGE (d. 1846), Life of Abp. Bancroft [2nd ed. 1840]. DRAYTON, MICHAEL (1563-1631), Poems. DRYDEN, JOHN (1631-1701), Works. D'URFEY. TOM (d. 1723), Collin's Walk through London, 1690; New Operas, &c., 1721.' Dyaloge betwene a Gentillman and a husbandman, 1530 ? [ed. Arber, 1871]. EARLE, BP. (1601-65), Microcosmographie, 1628 [ed. Arber, 1868]. EDGEWORTH, MARIA (1767-1849), Castle Rackrent, 1800; Helen. EDWARD II., Hist, of, by E. F., written 1627, published 1680. EDWARDS, RICHARD (b. 1523), Damon and Pitheas, published 1582. ELIOT, GEORGE (Mrs. CROSS), (1820-80). EMERSON, RALPH WALDO, English Traits, 1856. ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY, Publications of, 1873-81. ENGLISH GARNER, ed. by Arber, 1877-80. EVELYN, JOHN (1620-1706), Diary, ed. Bray, 1818 [Chandos Lib., n. d.]. FALCONER, WILLIAM (1730 ?-69), The Shipwreck, 1762. FARQUHAR, GEORGE (1678-1707), Dramatic Works. FERRIER, SUSAN (1782-1854), Marriage, 1818 ; Inheritance, 1824; Destiny, 1831. FIELDING, HENRY (1707-54), J. Andrews, 1742; Jonathan Wild, 1743; Tom Jones, 1749 ; Amelia, 1751. FISH, SIMON (d. 1530), Supplication for the Beggars, 1529 [ed. Arber, 1878]. FISHER, BP. (1459-1535), Works [ed. Mayor, Early Eng. Text Soc., 1876]. FOOTE, SAMUEL (1720 ?-77), Dramatic Works. FOXE, JOHN (1517-87), Acts and Monuments, 1562. FULLER, THOMAS (1608-61), David's Sin, &c., 1631 ; Holy War, 1639 ; Holy State, 1642 ; Pisgah Sight, 1650 ; Ch. Hist., 1655; Worthies, 1662 [ed. Nichols, 1811]. GALT, JOHN (1779-1839), Annals of the Parish, 1821. GAMMER GURTON'S NEEDLE, by Mr. S., M.A. (Bp. Still, 1543-1608). GARRICK, DAVID (1716-79), Dramatic Works. GASCOIGNE, GEORGE (1536-77), The Supposes, 1566; Steele Glas, &c., 1577 [ed. Arber, 1858]. GASKELL, ELIZABETH (1811-65), Ruth, 1853; North and South, 1854. GAUDEN, BP. (1605-62), Tears of the Church, 1659. xii LIST OF AUTHORS QUOTED. GAY, JOHN (1688-1732), Poems. Gentleman Instructed; the author is more probably Father Darrell, S. J. The earliest edition in the Bodleian is the 2nd, 1704 ; it was afterwards enlarged [10th ed., 1732]. GODWIN, WILLIAM (1756-1836), Mandeville, 1817. GOOGE, BARNABY (d. 1594), Eglogs, &c., 1563 [ed. Arber, 1871]. GOSSON, STEPHEN (1555-1624), Schoole of Abuse, 1579 [ed. Arber, 1868]. GRAVES, RICHARD (1715-1804), Spiritual Quixote, 1773 [new ed., 1808]. GRAY, THOMAS (1716-71), Poems. GREENE, ROBERT (1550 ?-92), Dramatical and Poetical Works, ed. Dyce [Rout- ledge's Old Dramatists, 1874] ; Menaphon, 1589 [ed. Arber, 1880]. GRIM, the Collier of Croydon, printed as an old piece in 1662. GRINDAL, ABP. (1519-83), Remains [Parker Society, 1843]. GROSE, FRANCIS (1731-91), Classical Diet, of the Vulgar Tongue, 1785 [3rd ed. 1796]. HALL, BP. (1574-1656), Satires, 1597 [Works, new ed., 1637-39]. HALL, FITZEDWARD, Exemplifications of False Philology, 1872 ; Modern English, 1873. HALLIWELL, JAMES 0., Diet, of Archaic and Provincial Words [7th ed., 1872]. Harleian Miscellany, with notes by Park, 1808-12. HAWKINS, THOMAS (1728-72), English Drama, 1773. HEATH (By an error this name is given as that of the author of the translation of Horace : it should be Sir Thomas Hawkins). Translation of Odes of Horace, 1625 [4th ed., 1638]. HERBERT, GEORGE (1593-1633), Poems. HERRICK, ROBERT (1591-1674), Poems, ed. Hazlitt [Smith's Lib. of Old Authors, 1869]. HEYLIN, PETER (1600-62), Hist, of Presbyterians, 1670 ; Life of Laud, 1671 ; Hist- of Reformation, 1674 [Ecc. Hist. Soc., 1849]. HEYWOOD, JOHN (d. 1565 ?), Dramatic Works. HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1551-1636), Livy, 1600 [ed. 1659] ; Pliny, 1601 [ed., 1634] ; Camden, 1610 [revised and enlarged by Author, 1637]. HOOD, THOMAS (1798-1845), Poems. HOOK, THEODORE (1788-1841), Sayings and Doings, 1824-5. HOOPER, BP. (1495-1555), Works [Parker Soc., 1843-52]. HOWARD, SIR ROBERT (1626-98), The Committee ; a Comedy. HOWELL, JAMES (1596-1666), Forraine Travell, 1642 [ed. Arber, 1869] ; Dodona's Grove, 1645; Letters, 1644-55 [9th ed., 1726] ; Parly of Beasts, 1660. HUBERT, SIR FRANCIS (d. 1629), Life and Death of Edward II., 1629. HUDSON, THOMAS (temp. Eliz.), Hist, of Judith, translated from Du Bartas [ed. 1613]. Hudson was a Scotchman, and dedicates his work to James VI. of Scotland ; it must have appeared therefore before 1603. HUGHES, THOMAS, Tom Brown's Schooldays, 1856 ; Tom Brown at Oxford, 1861. HUNT, LEIGH (1784-1859), Poems. HUTCHINSON, ROGER (d. 1555), Works [Parker Soc., 1842]. Imperial Dictionary, with Supplement, ed. J. Ogilvie, 1850-55. Ingoldsby Legends. See BARHAM. IRVING, WASHINGTON (1783-1859), Salmagundi, 1807 ; Sketch Book, 1819. JABVIS, CHARLES (d. 1743), Translation of Don Quixote, 1742. JEWEL, BP. (1522-71), Works [Parker Soc., 1845-50]. JOHNSTON, CHARLES (d. 1800?), Chrysal, 1760 [Cooke's ed., n. d.]. LIST OF AUTHORS QUOTED. xiii JONSON, BEN (1574-1637), Works. KEATS, JOHN (1795-1821), Endymion, 1818; Lamia, 1820. KEN, BP. (1637-1711), Life of, by a Layman, 1851 [2nd ed., 1854]. KENNET, BP. (1660-1728), Parochial Antiquities, 1695 ; Translation of Erasmus's Praise of Folly [8th ed., n. d.]. KILLIGBEW, THOMAS (1611-82), The Parson's Wedding; a Comedy. KINGSLEY, CHARLES (1819-75), Saint's Tragedy, 1848; Alton Locke, 1850; West- ward Ho ! 1855 ; Two Years Ago, 1857. Letters, &c., edited by his wife [3rd abridged ed., 1879]. KINGSLEY, HENRY (1830-76), Geoffry Hamlyn, 1859; Ravenshoe, 1861. KIRBY, WILLIAM (1759-1850), and SPENCE, WILLIAM (1780-1860), Entomology, 1815-26 [ed. 1826]. LACKINGTON, JAMES (1746-1816), Memoirs, 1791 [new ed., 1803]. LAMB, CHARLES (1775-1834), Works, with Life by Talfourd [new ed., 1852]. LATHAM, ROBERT G., Diet, of the Eng. Language, founded on Todd's Johnson, 1876. LATIMER, BP. (1472-1555), Sermons and Remains [Parker Soc., 1844-5]. LAWES, HENRY (1600-62), Ayres and Dialogues, 1653. LENNOX, CHARLOTTE (1720-1804), Female Quixote, 1752 [Cook's ed., n. d.] ; Hen- rietta [Ibid.]. L'ESTRANGE, ROGER (1616-1704), Trans, of Seneca's Morals [llth ed., 1710]. LEWIS, SIR GEORGE C. (1806-63), Letters, 1870. LYTTON, LORD (1806-73), Pelham, 1827 ; Caxtons, 1849 ; My Novel, 1853 ; What will he do with it? 1858. MACAULAY, LORD (1800-59), Hist of Eng., 1849-61. MACHIN, LEWIS (temp. Charles I.), The Dumb Knight, a Comedy, 1633. MAINE, JASPER (1604-72), The City Match, a Comedy. MAITLAND, SAMUEL (1795-1866), Essays on the Reformation, 1849. MARKHAM, GERVASE (1566?-1655?), Tragedie of Sir Richard Grinuile, 1595 [ed. Arber, 1871]. MARLOWE, CHRISTOPHER (1564-93), Dramatic Works. MARMION, SHAKERLEY (1602-39), The Antiquary. MARRYAT, FREDERICK (1792-1848), Frank Mildmay, 1829 ; Peter Simple, 1834. MARSTON, JOHN (1575, d. after 1633), The Malcontent, a Comedy, 1604. MASSINGER, PHILIP (1584-1640), Dramatic Works. MAY, THOMAS (1594 ?-1650), The Heir ; The Old Couple Comedies. Merry Drolleries, 1661-70-91 ; ed. Ebsworth, 1875. MIDDLETON, THOMAS (1570-1627), Comedies. MILTON, JOHN (1608-74), Paradise Lost, 1667 ; Paradise Regained, 1671 ; Prose Works [Bohn's Standard Lib., 1872-75]. MISSON, FRANgois (d. 1722), Travels in Eng., 1698, translated by J. Ozell (d. 1743), 1719. MONTAGU, LADY MARY WORTLEY (1689-1762), Letters, written 1716-18 [ed. J. St. John, 1838]. MORE, HENRY (1614-87), Works [ed. Grosart, Chertsey Worthies' Lib., 1876-8]. NARES, EDWARD (1762-1841), Thinks-I-to-Myself, 1811 [9th ed., 1816]. NARES, ROBERT (1753-1829), Glossary, 1822 [new ed. with additions by J. Halli- well and T. Wright, 1876]. NASHE, THOMAS (1567-1600), Lenten Stuffe, 1599. Nomenclator of Junius, translated by J. Higins, 1585. xiv LIST OF A UTHORS Q UOTED. NOKTH, ROGER (1650-1734), Examen, 1740; Life of Lord Guilford [2nd ed., 1808]. Notes and Queries, Five Series, 1849-79. OLIPHANT, MARGARET, Salem Chapel, 1863. PARISH, W. D., Dictionary of the Sussex Dialect, 1875. Parker Society, Publications of, 1841-53. PEACOCK, EDWARD, Manley and Corringham Glossary (E. D. S.), 1877. PEELE, GEORGE (1553 ?-97 ?), Works, ed. Dyce [Routledge's Old Dramatists, 1874]- PEPYS, SAMUEL (1632-1703), Diary, ed. Lord Braybrooke [Bohn's Hist. Lib., 1858]- PHILLIPS, SAMUEL (1815-54), Essays from the Times, 1854. PHILPOT, JOHN (1511-55), Examinations and Writings [Parker Soc., 1842]. PILKINGTON, BP. (1520-75), Works [Parker Soc., 1842]. POE, EDGAR ALLEN (1811-49), Works [ed. 1853]. POPE, ALEXANDER (1688-1744), Poems. PRESTON, THOMAS (1537-98), King Cambises, a Tragedy. PRIOR, MATTHEW (1664-1721), Poems. PUTTENHAM, GEORGE (b. 1532 ?), Arte of English Poesie, 1589 [ed. Arber, 1869]. QUARLES, FRANCIS (1592-1644), Emblems, 1635. RANDOLPH, THOMAS (1605-34), Muses' Looking Glass, a Comedy. READE, CHARLES, Never too late to Mend, 1857 ; Cloister and Hearth, 1861. RICHARDSON, CHARLES (1775-1865), English Dictionary, with Supplement, 1836-7]. RICHARDSON, SAMUEL (1689-1761), Pamela, 1741 [ed. Mangin, 1811] ; Cl. Harlowe, 1748 [Ib.] ; Grandison, 1754 [ed. 1812]. ROBBERDS, W. See TAYLOR. ROGERS, THOMAS (b. 1550), Exposition of Thirty-nine Articles, 1586 [Parker Soc., 1854]. ROWLEY, WILLIAM (temp. James and Charles I.), Match at Midnight, a Comedy. Roxburgh Ballads, ed. Hindley, 1873. ROY, WILLIAM, and BARLOW, JEROME, Rede me and be nott wroth, 1528 [ed. Arber, 1871]. SACKVILLE, THOMAS, LORD BUCKHURST (1536-1608), Works [ed. Sackville-West], [Smith's Lib. of Old Authors, 1859]. SANDERSON, BP. (1587-1663), Works [ed. Jacobson, 1854]. SANDYS, ABP. (1519-88), Sermons [Parker Soc., 1841]. SAVAGE, M. W., Reuben Medlicott, 1852 [ed. 1864]. SCOTT, SIR WALTER (1771-1832), Lay of the Last Minstrel, 1805 ; Waverley Novels, 1814-31 [48 vols. 1829-33]. SELDEN, JOHN (1584-1654), Table Talk, published 1699 [Smith's Lib. of Old Authors, I860], SHAKESPEARE, WiLLiAM : (1564-1616), Works. SHENSTONE, WILLIAM (1714-63), Poems. SHERIDAN, RICHARD BRINSLEY (1751-1816), Dramatic Works. SHIRLEY, JAMES (1594-1666), The Bird in a Cage, 1633 ; The Gamester, 1637. SIBBES, RICHARD (1577-1635), Works [Nichol's Puritan Divines, 1862-4]. SIDNEY, SIR PHILIP (1554-86), Arcadia, published 1590; Astrophel and Stella, 1591 ; Wanstead Play. [All these works quoted from 13th ed., 1674]. SKELTON, JOHN (1460?-1529), Elynour Rummin, the famous Ale-wife of England. SMITH, HENRY (1550-91), Works [Nichol's Puritan Divines, 1866-7]. SMITH, JAMES (1775-1839), and HORACE (1779-1849), Rejected Addresses, 1812 [new ed., 1869]. LIST OF AUTHORS QUOTED. xv SMITH, SIDNEY (1771-1845), Works [2nd ed., 1840] ; Letters, with Memoir by Lady Holland, 1855 [new ed., 1869]. SMOLLETT, TOBIAS (1721-71), Roderick Random, 1748 ; Peregrine Pickle, 1751 ; Sir L. Greaves, 1762 ; Humphrey Clinker, 1771. SOUTH, ROBERT (1633-1716), Sermons, 1697 [ed. 1737]. SODTHEY, ROBERT (1774-1843), Joan of Arc, 1796; Thalaba, 1801; Kehama, 1810 ; The Doctor, 1834-47 ; Letters, ed. Warter, 1856. SPEED, JOHN (15.52-1629), Hist, of Great Britain, 1611 [2nd ed., 1623]. SPENSER, EDMUND (1552-99), Shepherd's Calendar, 1579 ; Faerie Queene, 1590-96 ; Colin Clout, 1595. STANYHURST, RICHARD (1548-1618), Translation of ^Eneid I. -IV., 1582; Conceites, &c. [ed. Arber, 1880]. STAPYLTON, SIR ROBERT (d. 1669), Translation of Juvenal, 164J. STEELE, SIR RICHARD (1671-1729), Conscious Lovers, 1722. STERNE, LAURENCE (1713-68), Tristram Shandy, 1758-67 [8th ed., 1770], Sentimental Journey, 1768. STRANGFORD, LORD (1825-69), Life and Letters. STRYPE, JOHN (1643-1737), Memorials of Cranmer, 1694 [Ecc. Hist. Soc., 1848-54]. SWIFT, JONATHAN (1667-1745), Tale of a Tub, 1704 ; Gulliver, 1726 ; Polite Con- versation, written about 1706, published long after. SYLVESTER, JOSHUA (1563-1618), Works [ed. Grosart, Chertsey Worthies' Lib., 1877-80]. TJTYLOR, SIR HENRY, 1843 ; Comnenus, 1827 ; Ph. van Artevelde, 1834 ; Edwin, 1842 ; St. Clement's Eve, 1862 [Works, new ed., 1877-8]. TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836), Survey of German Poetry, 1828-30; Letters, with Memoirs by W. Robberds, 1843. TENNYSON, ALFRED, Poems, 1832; Princess, 1847-50; Maud, 1855; Idylls, 1859-72- Queen Mary, 1875 ; Harold, 1877 ; Ballads, &c., 1880. THACKERAY, WILLIAM M. (1811-63), Paris Sketch Book, 1840 ; Vanity Fair, 1847 ; Esmond, 1852 ; Newcomes, 1855 ; Virginians, 1857 ; Miscellanies [ed. 1855-57]. Touchstone of Complexions, 1575. TROLLOPE, ANTHONY, Barchester Towers, 1857 ; Orley Farm, 1862. TROLLOPE, FRANCES (1779-1863), Michael Armstrong, 1839. TUSSER, THOMAS (1525 ?-80), Husbandry, 1573 [ed. Payne and Herrtage, E. D. S., 1878]. Two Noble Kinsmen, first printed 1634 ; ascribed to Fletcher and Shakespeare. TYNDALE, WILLIAM (1477-1536), Works [Parker Soc., 1848-50]. UDAL, NICHOLAS (1504-56), Roister Doister [ed. Arber, 1869] ; Translation of Erasmus's Apophthegmes, 1542 [Reprint, 1877 of ed. of 1562]. URQUHART, SIR THOMAS (d. 1642), Translation of Rabelais [Bonn's extra vols 1848]. VANBRUGH, SIR JOHN (1666?-1726), Dramatic Works. WALPOLE, HORACE, EARL OF ORFORD (1717-97); Private Correspondence [4 vols., 1820], Letters to Mann, ed. Lord Dover [2nd ed., 1833]. WARD, SAMUEL (1577-1639), Sermons [Nichol's Puritan Divines, 1862]. WARD, THOMAS (1652-1708), England's Reformation, a Poem, published 1710 [ed. 1716]. WARTON, THOMAS (1728-90), Poems. WEBBE, WILLIAM (d. after 1591), Discourse of English Poetrie, 1586 [ed. Arber. 1870]. WHITGIFT, ABP. (1530-1604), Works [Parker Soc., 1851-3). xvi LIST OF A UTHORS Q UOTED. Wily Beguiled, a Comedy, temp. James I. WOLCOT, JOHN (1738-1819), Peter Pindar [ed. 1830]. WOOD, ANTHONY (1632-95), Life of, by himself [Ecc. Hist. Soc., 1848]. WORDSWORTH, WILLIAM (1770-1850), Poems. WYCHERLEY, WILLIAM (1640-1715), Dramatic Works. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS GLOSSARY. E. D. S., English Dialect Society. N., Nares's Glossary, ed. by Halliwell H., Halliwell's Dictionary. and Wright. L., Latham's Dictionary. N. & Q., Notes and Queries. E.., Richardson's Dictionary. When a word is said not to be in the Dictionaries, the statement only refers to the four which this book proposes to supplement. SUPPLEMENTARY ENGLISH GLOSSAEY. A 1, the best ; in the first rank. In Lloyds' Register there are five classes of ships : A, A in red, JE, E, and I. The first A is the highest. See N. and Q., III. iii. 431, 478. I want to be A 1 at cricket, and football, and all the other games. Huyhes, Tom Brown's Schooldays, Pt. II. ch. vi. " I never heard such a word before from the lips of a young lady." " Not as A 1 ? I thought it simply meant very good. . . . A 1 is a ship a ship that is very good." Trollope, Phineas Finn, ch. xlii. ABANNE, to curse. How durst the Bishops in this present council of Trident so solemnly to abanne and accurse all them that dare to find fault with the same ? Jewel, ii. 697. ABBATY, abbacy. Dunstan . . . was the first Abbot of Eng- land, not in time, but in honour, Glassenbury being theProto-Abbaty, then and many years after. Fuller, Worthies, Somerset, ii. 250. ABBREVIATLY, shortly. The sweete smacke that Yarmouth frades in it ... abbreviatlt/Andmeetely according to my old Sarum plainesong I have harpt upon. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 162). ABCEDARIES, rudiments. B. has it = teacher of rudiments. It was lawful to begin of such rudiments or abcedaries, but so that it behooved the learned, grave, and godly ministers of Christ to enterprize further. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VIII. iii. 2. ABECEDARIAN, rudimentary. The Diets, have it as a subst. = teacher of rudiments. There is an Abecedarian ignorance that precedes knowledge, and a Doctoral ignor- ance that comes after it. Cotton's Montaigne, ch. xli. ABEAR, to bear or comport oneself. The Faerie Queene is the latest author- ity for this word given in the Diets., but it was used by Bp. Lloyd a century later. It occurs also in Hist, of Edward //., p. 67, and in Hackefs Life of Abp. Williams, ii. 65. In the sense of " to tolerate," as in the second quotation, it is a vulgarism still in use. The giving of a recognisance for the good abearing or quiett peaceable liveing, is a point that deserves to be well weighed. Lloyd to Sancroft, 1689 (Life of Ken, p. 554). She couldn't abear the men, they were such deceivers. Sketches by JBoz (Mr. John Dounce). ABELE, a white poplar. The first extract is from Britten and Holland's Eng. Plant Names (E. D. S.). It is called ... in low Dutch abeel, of his horie or aged colour, and also abeelboome ; ... in French, aubel, obel, or aubeau; in English, abeell, after the Dutch name. Ge- rard, Herball (1597). Six abeles i' the churchyard grow on the north side in a row. Mrs. Browning (Duchess Mary). ABIGAIL, a waiting - woman. L. says, " The direct etymology of this word is uncertain : it goes back to Abigail of Carmel (1 Sam. xxv.) ; but it is probable that its present use is referable to Abigail Hill, the famous Mrs. Masham." Mrs. Masham's position towards Q. Anne may have made the expression more common, but the sub- joined extract was written four years before Mrs. Masham entered her Majes- ty's service, and several years before she could have become of sufficient im- portance to give rise to the name. I B ABJECTION ( think it may be questioned whether there is any reference to the wife of Nabal ; she was not a servant, but the wife of a wealthy man. She calls her- self, with Oriental humility, a hand- maid, but so do Ruth and others. It has been pointed out that in Beaumont and Fletcher's Scornful Lady the wait- ing-woman is called Abigail ; and this play was long popular. Pepys records seven occasions on which he went to see it, and on one of these he says, " Doll Common [i. e. Mrs. Corey], doing Abigail most excellently." Perhaps this was the real origin of the term, just as we call an inn-keeper Boniface from Farquhar's Beaux Stratagem. Whereas they [the chaplains] petition to be freed from any obligation to marry the chamber-maid, we can by no means assent to it ; the Abigail, by immemorial custom, being a deodand, and belonging to holy Church. Reply to Ladies and Bachelors Petition, 1694 (Harl. Misc., iv. 440). ABJECTION, casting away. Calvin understands by Christ's descending into hell, that he suffered in his soul ... all the torments of hell, even to abjection from God's presence. Heylin, Hist, of the Pres- byterians, p. 350. ABLEMOST, most efficient. For, quick despatching (hourely) Post on Post To all the Coverts of the Able-most For Pate,Prowesse,Purse; commands, prayes, presses them To come with speed unto Jerusalem. Sylvester, Bethulia's Rescue, i. 108. ABLESSE, power, ablenesse, which is the reading in the second folio ed. of Chapman. This did with anger sting The blood of Diomed, to see his friend that chid the king Before the fight, and then preferred his ablesse and his mind To all his ancestors in fight, now come so far behind. Chapman, Iliad, v. 248. ABORTIVE, to perish, or cause to perish untimely. Thus one of your bold thunders may abortive, And cause that birth miscarry that might have prov'd An instrument of wonders greater and rarer Than Apollonius the magician wrought. Albumazar, i. 3. He wrought to abortive the bill before it came to the birth. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 37. When peace came so near to the birth, ) ACADEMICALS how it abortived. and by whose fault, comes now to be remembred. Ibid. ii. 147. ABOUND, to expatiate. To abound in or with one's own sense = to be free to express or keep one's own opinion. Adams (ii. 300) says, " I will not abound in this discovery," i.e. I will not enlarge upon it. Some of them [opinions] are such as are fit only for schools, and to be left at more liberty for learned men to abound in their own sense, so they keep themselves peaceable, and distract not the Church. Letter from Laud, 1625 (Heylin's Life of Laud, p. 137). Every one is said to altound with his owne sense, and that, among the race of mankind, opinions and fancies are found to be as various as the severall faces and voyces. Howell, Forreine Travell, sect. 1. I meddle not with Mr. Boss, but leave him to abound in his own sense. Bramhall, ii. 632. ABRAID, to upbraid. The word is still in use in the neighbourhood of Whitby (see Robinson's Glossary). In Willan's West Riding Yorkshire Glos- sary (A.D. 1811) it is given as meaning, to rise on the stomach with some degree of nausea, a sense in which " upbraid " and "reprove" are still sometimes used. How now, base brat ! what, are thy wits thine own, That thou dar'st thus abraid me in my land ? Greene, Alphonsus, Act II. ABRAMIDE, descendant of Abraham ; a Jew: also called Abramite. Alas how many a guiltlesse Abramide Dyes in three daies, through the too-curious Pride. Sylvester, Trophies, 1244. O Jacob's Lanthorn, Load-star pure which lights On these rough Seas the rest of Abramites. Ibid. The Captaines, 801. ABSCESSION, departure. Neither justly excommunicated out of that particular Church to which he was orderly joyned, nor excommunicating himself by voluntary Schisme, declared abscession, separ- ation, or apostasie. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 37. ABSOLUTION, a sweeping away. But grant it true [that the Liturgy ordered too many ceremonies], not a total absolution, but a reformation thereof may hence be inferred. Fuller, Ch. Hist., XI. x. 8. ACADEMICALS, cap and gown. At first he caught up his cap and gown, as though he were going out. . . On second thoughts, however, he threw his academicals ACCESSIVE ( 3 ) ACORN-BALL back on to the sofa. Huyhes, Tom Brawn at Oxford, ch. xix. ACCESSIVE, contributory. God "opened the eyes of one that was born blind," and had increased this csecity by his own accessive and excessive wickedness. Adams, ii. 379. ACCIPITRAL, pertaining to a hawk or falcon. My learned friends ! most swift, sharp are you ; of temper most accipitral, hawkish, aquiline, not to say vulturish. Carh/le,Misc., iv. 245. ACCLAMATOR, shouter ; cheerer. He went almost the whole way with his hat in his hand, saluting the ladys and acclamators who had filled the windows with their beauty, and the aire with Vive le Roy. Evelyn, Diary, Sept. 7, 1651. ACCLEARMENT, vindication. The acclearment is fair, and the proof nothing. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 148. ACCOMPANYIST, one who plays the musical accompaniment to a song. A young lady proceeded to entertain the company with a ballad in four verses, be- tween each of which the accompanyist played the melody all through, as loud as he could. Dickens, Oliver Twist, ch. xxvi. ACCOMFASS, to bring about ; to ac- quire. The remotion of two such impediments is not commonly accompass'd by one head- piece. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 42. [He] had accompassed such knowledge in a quarter of a year that he gave satisfaction. Ibid. ii. 42. ACCOMPLISH, to render accomplished. His lady is open, chatty, fond of her chil- dren, and anxious to accomplish them. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, vi. 202. ACCOST, sb. address. By his aid (Not gifted with that affable accost, And personal grace which bids my cousin trust In his own prowess conquering and to con- quer) I hoped to triumph in affairs of love. Taylor, St. Clement's Eve, i. 3. ACCURTATION, shortening. Albeyt E bee thee last letter, that must not salve M. from accurtation. Stanyhurst, Viryil (To the Reader). ACCUSE, to indicate ; show signs of (cf. KdTnjopilv, accuser). The princes, who were to part from the greatest fortunes, did in their countenances accuse no point of fear, but . . . taught them at one instant to promise themselves the best, and yet to despise the worst. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 124. Amphialus answered in honourable sort, but with such excusing himself, that more and more accused his love to Philoclea. Ibid. p. 144. ACCUSTOMED, frequented. A 'weU.-accustom'd house, a handsome bar- keeper, with clean, obliging drawers, soon get the master an estate. Centlivre, Hold Stroke for a Wife, I. i. "VVildgoose, seeing a number of people drinking under a tree at the door, observed to my landlord that his seemed to be a well- accustomed house. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. IX. ch. vi. ACCUSTOMEDLY, usually. For certain hours it accustomedly for- beareth to flame. Sandys, Travels, p. 248. ACEDY (a KrjSoc;), carelessness. Though the mind be sufficiently convinced of the necessity or profit of a good act, yet for the tediousness annexed to it. in a dan- gerous spiritual acedy, it slips away from it. Up. Hall, Works, v. 140. ACERB, bitter. The dark, acerb, and caustic little professor. Charlotte Bronte, Villette, ch. xix. ACHELOIAN HORN. Hercules in a contest with Achelous, who had changed himself into an ox, broke one of his adversary's horns. Repair the Acheloian horn of your dilemma how you can against the next push. Milton, Animadv. on Memonst. Defence, sect. ii. ACHOLITHITE, acolyte. To see a lazy, dumb Acholithite Armed against a devout fly's despight. Hall, Satires, IV. vii. 53. ACIDIFY, to sour. Such are the plaints of Louvet; his thin existence all acidified with rage, and preter- natural insight of suspicion. Carlyle, Fr. Eev., Pt. III. Bk. III. ch. iii. ACORN. A horse foaled of an acorn = an oak : so applied to the gallows. I believe as how 'tis no horse, but a devil incarnate ; and yet I've been worse mounted, that I have I'd like to have rid a horse that was foaled of an acorn [i. e. he had nearly met with the fate of Absalom]. Smollett, Sir L. Greaves, ch. viii. ACORN-BALL, the acorn. And when my marriage morn may fall She, Dryad-like, shall wear Alternate leaf and acorn-ball, In wreath about her hair. Tennyson, Talking Oak. B 2 ACOUST1CON ADAM'S ALE ACOUSTICON, belonging to hearing. Ther's no creture hears more perfectly then a goat, for he hath not onely ears, but an acousticon organ also in the throat. Howell, Parly of easts, p. 123. ACQUAINT, to become acquainted, or to seek acquaintance. Though the Choiseuls will not acquaint with you, I hope their abbe Barthelemi is not put under the same quarantine. Wai- pole, Letters, iii. 504 (1774). ACQUIESCATE TO, to acquiesce in. Do you but acquiescate to my exhortation, and you shall extinguish him. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 623. ACQUIESCE, to rest (of things). "Which atoms are still hovering up and down, and never rest till they meet with some pores proportionable and cognate to their figures, where they acquiesce. Howell, Letters, iv. 50. ACQUIESCE TO, for the more usual construction, " acquiesce in." Neander sent his man with a letter to Theomachus, who acquiesced to the proposal. Gentleman Instructed, p. 123. A man that will acquiesce to nothing but strict demonstrations would do well to dis- band from society. Ibid. p. 354. Presuming on the unshaken submission of Hippolita, he flattered himself that she would . . . acquiesce with patience to a divorce. Walpole, Castle of Otranto, ch. i. ACQUIESCE WITH, acquiesce in. "Wisdom does ever acquiesce vrith the present, and is never dissatisfied with its immediate condition. Cotton's Montaigne, ch. iii. I, as well as my nephew, must acquiesce with your pleasure. Richardson, Grandison, i. 134. The two ladies . . . acquiesced with all he proposed. Ibid. ii. 222. ACRE-STAFF; plough-staff. "Where the Husbandman's Acre-staff and the Shepheard's-hook are, as in this County, in State, there they engross all to them- selves. Fuller, Worthies, Leicester (i. 561). ACTABLE, practically possible. Is naked truth actable in true life? Tennyson, Harold, iii. 1. ACTION, to bring an action against. If you please to action me, take your course. Gentleman Instructed, p. 525. ACTIVEABLE, capable of activity. So many activeable wits That might contend with proudest birds of Po, Sits now immur'd within their private cells. Return from Parnassus, iv. 3 (1606). ADAMICAL, after the manner of Adam, and so ia a nude state. Cf . ADAMITICAL. In the first extract it = carnal, un- regenerate. Though the divel trapan The Adamical man The saint stands uninfected. Merry Drollerie, p. 59. Halbert standing on the plunging-stage Adamically, without a rag upon him. H. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xlvi. ADAMITES, a sect in the early Church who professed to endeavour after the innocence of Paradise, and went naked like Adam. There was a sect of Adam- ites in Germany in the early part of the fifteenth century. If all men had their own, and every bird her feather, some of them would be as bare as those that profess themselves to be of the sect of the Adamites. Wolsey and Laud, 1641 (Harl. Misc., iv. 510). The sun plays so warmly upon us, that some people, who were of no religion before, talk of turning Adamites in their own de- fence. T. Brown, Works, i. 172. ADAMITICAL, pertaining to or resem- bling Adam ; hence, as applied to cloth- ing, scanty. Cf. ADAMICAL. Your behaviour del Cabo will not relish in Europe, nor your Adamitical garments fence virtue in London. Gentleman Instructed, p. 169. ADAM'S ALE, water. Prof. De Mor- gan, writing to M. Blot, mentioned this common phrase as illustrating China ale or beer as applied to tea. The ex- pression was quite new to M. Biot and other Frenchmen. He wrote back. "ISA dam's ale qui charme tous ceux de nos philologues a qui je la raconte " (tf. and Q., 3rd S., vi. 46). Tom Brown uses Adam by itself in the same sense. Peter Pindar (p. 3) speaks of " old Adam's beverage ; " and Adam's wine is in Jamieson's Diet., with quota- tion from Gait. A Rechabite poor "Will must live, And drink of Adam's ale. Prior, Wande>"ing Pityrim. Your claret's too hot. Sirrah, drawer, go bring A cup of cold Adam from the next purling spring. T. Brown, Works, iv. 11. Even at the door of death he could not drink what Adam drank, by whom came death into the world, so I gave him a little more eau-de-vie. Blackmove, Lorna Doone, ch. Ixv. ADAPT ( 5 ) ADONIS ADAPT, fitted. [Providence] gave him able arms and back To wield a flail and carry sack, And in all stations active be, Adapt to prudent husbandry. D'Urfey, Collin's Walk, cant. 1. If we take this definition of happiness, and examine it with reference to the senses, it will be acknowledged wonderfully adapt. Swift, Tale of Tub, sect. 9. ADAPTMENTS, a word coined by Wai- pole as more expressive than " con- veniences " of what he wished to con- vey. All the conveniences, or rather (if there was such a word), all the adaptments, are assembled here that melancholy, meditation, selfish devotion, and despair would require. Walpole, Letters, i. 23 (1739). ADDICT FROM, to estrange from ; dis- incline to. Fear of punishment will not reform such persons as by affection conceived hath been addicted from the expense of fish and the observation of fish-days. Privy Council on Fish-days, 1594 (Eng. Gamer, i. 302). ADDITION. See quotation. Milliner. Be pleased to put on the addi- tion, madam. Mrs. Dowdy. What does she mean now? to pull my skin off, mehap, next. Ha, Peeper, are these your London vashions? Peeper. No, no, addition is only paint, madam. Centlivre, Platonick Lady, III. i. ADDLE, to earn a north-country word. See Peacock's Glossary, &c., and an old example of its use in Halli- teell, s. v. Parson's lass 'ant nowt, an' she we'ant 'a nowt when 'e's dead ; Mun be a guvness, lad, or summut, and addle her bread. Tennyson, Northern Farmer, new style. ADEEP, deeply. And we shout so adeep down creation's profound, AVe are deaf to God's voice. Mrs. Browning, Ehapsody of Life's Progress. ADEMPT, taken away. Receive thankfully, gentle reader, these sermons faithfully collected without any sinister suspicion of anything in the same being added or adeinpt. Preface to some of Latimer's Sermons, 1549 (i. 111). ADIT, approach : usually employed as a term in mining for an underground passage, especially one by which water is conveyed. Yourself and yours shall have Free adit. Tennyton, Princess, vi. ADJOINT, a helper ; joined on to another. Nares has a single quotation from Daniel to which Halliwell refers. You are, madam, I perceive, said he, a public minister, and this lady is your adjoint. Gentleman Instructed, p. 108. ADMINICLE, a help. It is also a Scotch legal term = collateral proof. See Jamieson. The author would have the sacraments of Baptism, and of the Body and Blood of Christ, to be adminicles as it were. Cranmer, i. 37. ADMINICULATION, prop or support. Some plants grow straight, some are help't by adminiculation to be straight. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 217. ADMIBABLES, wonders. For similar instances see OBSERVABLES. Sure in the legend of absurdest fables I should enroule most of these admiralties. Sylvester, third day, first week, 279. ADMIRAL. See extract. Admirall is but a depravation of Amirall in vulgar mouths. However, it will never be beaten out of the heads of common sort that, seeing the sea is scene of wonders, something of wonderment hath incorporated itself in this word, and that it hath a glimpse, cast, or eye of admiration therein. Fuller, Worthies, ch. vi. ADMISSIBLE, to be admitted ; allow- able. The extract is noteworthy, as showing that this word, so common now, was not familiar in Richardson's time. R. and L. illustrate it with one and the same quotation from Sir M. Hale. Sir T. Browne has admittable. He used to pay his duty to me, and ask blessing the moment he came in, if admis- sible. (Is that a word, Harriet ?) Richardson, Grandison, v. 64. ADMONITORIAL, admonishing. Miss Tox . . in her instruction of the Toodle family, has acquired an admonitorial tone, and a habit of improving passing occasions. Dickens, Dombey and Son, ch. li. ADONIS, a species of wig. He [Duke of Cumberland] had a dark brown adonis, and a cloak of black cloth, with a train of five yards. Walpole, Letters, ii. 206 (1760). He puts on a fine flowing adonis or white periwig. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. III. ch. xix. ADONISE AD VI SI VE ADONISE, to dress, or make beautiful, like Adonis. Fr. sadoniser. " I must go and adonise a little myself." The company then separated to perform the important offices of the toilette. Miss Fer- rier, Marriage, ch. ix. ADOPTABILITY, that which can be made use of or adopted. See extract, t. v. ADOPTABLE. ADOPTABLE, capable of being adopted. The Liturgy, or adaptable and generally adopted set of prayers and prayer-method, was what we can call the Select Adoptabili- ties, Select Beauties well edited (by (Ecu- menic Councils and other Useful-Knowledge Societies) from that wide waste imbroglio of prayers already extant and accumulated, good and bad. Carlyle, Past and Present, Bk. II. ch. xvii. ADORATE, to adore. A king this moment, that kings adorate, The next, a corse, slaves loath to look vpon. Davies, Wittes Pilgrimage, p. 27. ADORATORY, place of worship. He found in what appears to have been the same adoratory a decayed shin-bone sus- pended from the roof. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxliv. ADORE, to invoke. "What greater wall and barre than the ocean ? Wherewith the Britans being fensed and inclosed, doe yet adore the Romans forces. Holland's Camden, p. 46. ABSOLVE, to resolve. Durst my sonne Adsolve to runne beyond sea to the warres? Chapman, All Fooles, ii. 1. ADULATOR, flatterer. An adulator pleases and prepossesses them with his dawbing. T. Brown, Works, iv. 305. At the beginning of the Exhibition the public papers swarmed with these self-adu- lators. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 131, note. Your field of preferment was the Versailles CEil de Bceuf, and a Grand Monarque walk- ing encircled with scarlet women and adu- lators there. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 75. ADULATRESS, female flatterer. Indiana, when the first novelty of tete-a- tetes was over, wished again for the constant adulatress of her charms and endowments. Mad. D'Arblay, Camilla, Bk. X. ch. xiv. ADULTAGE, maturity ; or have two words been run by the printer into one ? "Was not this suit come to adultage for tryal after seventeen years vexation in it first and last? Racket, Life of Williams, i. 75. ADULTERISE, to commit adultery. "Where did God ever will thee to lie, to swear, to oppress, to adulterise? Adams, ii. 365. ADUMBER, to shadow or cloud. Serene thy Vfoe-adumbred front, sweet Saint, Davies, Holy Rood, p. 26. ADUMBRATIVE, shadowing forth. "We claim to stand there as mute monu- ments, pathetically adumbrative of much. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. x. ADVANTAGE, the thirteenth in the baker's dozen. The parenthesis in the quotation from Hacket is rather ob- scure, but I suppose it to mean that the accusations, though so many, were short measure, on account of their frivolous character. If the Scripture be for reformation, and Antiquity to boot, it is but an advantage to the dozen, it is no winning cast. Milton, Of Reformation in England, bk. i. These prefer'd articles to his Majesty, and the Lords of the Council, against their Dean for misgovernment, three dozen of articles (yet none to the vantage), that their num- ber might supply the nothingness of their weight. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 91. When his Holinesse created twelve Car- dinals at the request of the King of France, he denied to make one at the desire of this King of England. Surely it was not [but ?] reasonable in proportion that his Holinesse giving the whole dozen to the King of France might allow the advantage to the King of England. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. ix. 27. ADVANTAGE SELF, to take advantage. It is observed of wolves, that when they go to the fold for prey, they will be sure to advantage themselves of the wind. Adams, II. 121. ADVENTUREMENT, hazard. Wiser Raymundus, in his closet pent, Laughs at such danger and adventurement. Hall, Satires, IV. iii. 34. ADVIEW, to see ; observe. All which when Artegall, who all this while Stood in the preasse close covered, well advnwed, And saw that boaster's pride and graceless guile, He could no longer beare, but forth issewed. Spenser, F. Queen, V. iii. 20. ADVISIVE, monitory. The title of one of Herrick's poems in his Hes- perides (p. 249) is " A raraeneticall or advisive Verse to his friend, Mr. John Wicks." ADVOCATE ( 7 ) AFFECTUAL ADVOCATE, to invoke. [The mercy of God] is not to be advocated upon every vain trifle. Andrewes, Sermons, v. 534. ADVOCATION, an advowson. Our . . . Counties, Honours, Castles, Manours, Fees or Inheritances, Advocations, Possessions, Annuities, and Seignories what- soever, descended unto us . . . Parliament Roll, I. Hen. 4 (Holland's Camden, p. 757). "We see some parents, that have the dona- tions or advocations of Church livings in their hands, must needs have some of their chil- dren . . . thrust into the ministry. Sander- son, iii. 125. ADVOKE, to summon. By this time Queen Katharine had pri- vately prevailed with the Pope to advoke the cause to Home. Fuller, Ch. Hist., V. i. 48. ADVOUZANCE, advowson. In iii. 17 of the same work Fuller spells it ad- vowsanee. He obtained licence from the King that the University might purchase Advouzances of spiritual livings. Fuller, Hist, of Camb., ii. 38. ADVOWSON, to obtain or present to a benefice. There moughtest thou, for but a slender price, Advowson thee with some fat benefice. Hall, Satires, IL v. 10. AEGROTAT, a Cambridge phrase (see quotation) ; an ceyer is the correspond- ing Oxford term. I sent my servant to the apothecary for a thing called an ayrotat, which I understood . . . meant a certificate that I was indis- posed. Babbaye, Passages from the Life of a Philosopher, 37 (1864). AEREOUS, airy ; unsubstantial ; frivo- lous. In cases doubtfull it is dangerous T'admitte light Councells ; for for want of weight 'Twil make the case to be more ponderous The whilst such Councells prove Aereous. Davies, Microcosmos, p. 50. AERIALITY, airiness ; unsubstantiality. The very excess of the extravagance, in fact, by suggesting to the reader continually the mere aeriality of the entire speculation, furnishes the surest means of disenchanting him from the horror which might else gather upon his feelings. De Quincey, Murder as one of the Fine Arts, Postscript. AFFATDATED, infatuated. They who from the first beginning, or but now of late, by what unhappiness I know not, are so much affatuated, not with his person only, but with his palpable faults, and dote upon his deformities, may have none to blame but their own folly, if they live and die in such a stricken blindness, as next to that of Sodom hath not happened to any sort of men more gross or more misleading. Milton, Eikonoklastes, Preface. You'll see a hundred thousand spell-bound hearts By art of witchcraft so affatuate, That for his love they'd dress themselves in dowlas And fight with men of steel. Taylor, Ph. van. Art, Pt. II. v. 2. AFFECTATOR, affecter. In the original the word is ajfectafores,which, of course, suggested this form. N. has the parti- ciple qffectate. Those affectators of variety seem equally ridiculous who, when they have spoken barbarously once, repeat the same thing much more barbarously. Bailey's Erasm. Colloq., p. 79. AFFECTION, motion or utterance. The Apostles indeed spake from the Spirit, and every affection of theirs was an oracle ; but that, I take it, was their peculiar privi- lege. Andrewes, Sermons, v. 57. AFFECTION, to feel affection for. This verb is not quite peculiar to the Welsh-English of the Rev. Hugh Evans (Merry Wives of Windsor, I. i.). The participle affectioned (Rom. xii. 10) is not very uncommon. However we may affection our own, we have showed no regard for their liberty. Walpole to Mann, i. 141 (1742). AFFECTIONATE, angry; impetuous: in the extract from Brooks it means affected. He doth in that place affectionately and unjustly reprove both the Bishop of Rome and Alexandria. Whitaift, ii. 185. "What bitterness and cursing was there betwixt Bpiphanius and Chrysostom ! what affectionate dealing of Theophilus against the same Chrysostom ! what jarring betwixt Hierome and Augustine ! Ibid. ii. 436. In every action resolve to be discreet and wise, rather than affectionate and singular. Brooks, i. 226. AFFECTIONLESS, impassive ; unswayed by passion. Vpon the Law thy judgements alwayes ground And not on Man ; for that's affection-les ; But man in passions strangely doth abound. Sylvester, Quadrains of Pibrac, st. 85. AFFECTUAL, belonging to desire, as distinguished from act. Lust not only affectual, but actual is dis- pensed with. Adams, i. 205. AFFIDAT20N ( 8 ) AFTERNOON MEN AFFIDATION, assurance ; affidavit. The Empresse swore and made affixation to the Legat. . . The same oath and affixation tooke likewise her brother Robert Earl of Glocester. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 62. AFFLICT, conflict. The life of man upon earth is nothing else than a warfare and continual afflict with his ghostly enemies. Becon, ii. 542. AFFRIGHTEN, to terrify. Fit tales For garrulous beldames to affriyhten babes. Southey, Botany Bay Eclogues, iv. AFRICANISMS. African provincial- isms, such as mark the Latinity of some of the Fathers. He that cannot understand the sober, plain, aiid unaffected style of the Scriptures, will be ten times more puzzled with the knotty Africanisms, the pampered meta- phors, the intricate and involved sentences of the fathers, besides the fantastic and de- clamatory flashes, the cross-jingling periods which cannot but disturb and come athwart a settled devotion, worse than the din of bells and rattles. Milton, Of Reformation in Bnyland, bk. i. AFTER-BALE, subsequent sorrow. Let not women trust to men ; They can flatter now and then, And tell them many wanton tales, Which do breed their after-bales. Greene, Philomela. AFTER-BIRTH, used metaphorically. He finds a new charge, or rather no new one, but the after-birth of the second cause, heard and censur'd before about tampering. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 133. AFTER-DAY, a future day (the plural is in L. and N., but in a somewhat different sense). But something whispers in my dying ear, There is an after-da;/ ; which day I fear. Quarles, Emblems, ii. 13. AFTER-DINNER is used adjectivally, but less frequently as a substantive, as in the second extract. In after-dinner talk Across the walnuts and the wine. Tennyson, Miller's Daughter. The barons swore with many words Twas but an after-dinner's nap. Ibid. The Day-dream. AFTER-FRIENDS, future friends. Or rather giue me (if thy grace so please) The Ciuik Garland of green oaken boughes, Thrice -three times wreathed about my glorious browes, To euer-witnes to our after-friends, How I haue rescew'd my con-citizens. Sylvester, The Trophies, 44. AFTER-HANDS, future labourers. Tho' she perhaps might reap the applause of great, Who learns the one Pou STO whence after- hands May move the world. Tennyson, Princess, iii. AFTERHOOD, in subjection (?). Remember that love is a passion, and that a worthy man's reason must ever have them afterhood. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 65. AFTERINGS, the last milk of a cow. See quotation, s. v. STRIP, and Jamieson, s. v. Bp. Hall, quoted by L., speaks of the afterings of our Lord's sufferings. It were only yesterday as she aimed her leg right at t' pail wi' t' afterinys in ; she knowed it were afterinys as well as any Christian. Mrs. Gashed, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xv. AFTER-MEAL, a late meal (aft-meal is inN). Why should not thy soul have her due drinks, breakfasts,meals,under-meals, bevers, and after-meals as well as thy body ? Ward, Sermons, p. 28. AFTERMEN. See quotation. If thou comest hither .... yoked with a crafty or a wilful foreman that is made be- forehand, and a mess of tame aftermen withal, that dare not think of being wiser than their leader, or unwilling to stickle against a major part, whether they go right or wrong, or resolved already upon the ver- dict, no matter what the evidence be, consider what is the weight and religion of an oath. Sanderson, ii. 268. AFTER-MORN, the morrow. On that last night before we went From out the doors where I was bred, I dream'd a vision of the dead, Which left my after-morn content. Tennyson, In Memoriam, cii. AFTERNOON MEN, men who prolonged their dinner and drinking far into the afternoon. In the second extract Bp. Earle seems to imply that theatres formed the sole afternoon business of law-students. Beroaldus will have drunkards, afternoone men, and such as more then ordinarily de- light in drink, to be mad. Burton, Democ. to Reader, p. 44 (see also p. 74). Your Innes of Court men were vndone but for him, hee is their chiefe guest and imployment, and the sole businesse that makes them afternoones men. Earle, Micro- cosmoyrajihie (A Player). AFTER-SPRING ( 9 ) AGRONOMIAL AFTER-SPRING, fresh "strength. The word is in L. in a different sense. To recreate him, and to put an after-spring into his decaying spirits, .... the Lord Chancellor was created Viscount Brackley. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 30. AGATHOKAKOLOGICAL, with a mingling of good and evil. Upon the ayathokakological globe there are opposite qualities always to be found in parallel degrees. Southey, The Doctor, ch. liii. AGEMATE, one of the same age ; a contemporary. My father Anchises heere with do I cal to remembraunce, Whilst I beheld Priamus thus gasping, my sire his ayemate. Stanyhurst, JEn., ii. 584. AGENID, adopted "from A.S. agen, own, proper ; agnian for agenian, to own, to appropriate " (N. and Q., 5th S., x. 409). The meaning is that the Duke of Buckingham (to whom the passage refers) was, as it were, adopted by James I. The royall Majesty, which first took him into favour, ayenid and trained up for his own turn by certain degrees in the most pertinent affairs and mysteries of state. Howell, DodoncHs Grove, p. 122. AGENTESS, female agent. I shall to-morrow deliver to your ayentess, Mrs. Moreland, something to send you. Walpole, Letters, ii. 31 (1757). AGGEST, to heap together. I have ever dissented from their opinion who maintain that the world was created a levell champian, mountains being only the product of Noah's flood, where the violence of the waters ayyested the earth, goared out of the hollow valleys. Fuller, Ch. Hist., bk. ix., Dedic. AGGRAVATIVE, aggravation. It is to be noted that as we rose up to Oates's plot by a climax of aygravatives, so we must descend to the Rye-House by a scale of lenitives and emollients. North, Examen, p. 319. AGHASTED, struck with terror. My limbs do quake, my thought aghasted is. Sackville, Duke of Buckingham, si. 65. AGITANT, agent ; one who makes him- self busy about a matter. The chief ayitant saw that this tryal upon so firm a courage was uneffectual and ridicu- lous. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 90 (see also p. 208). Now am I ready for any plot ; I'll go find some of these ayitants. The Committee, iii. 1. AGNET, an innocent person ; a di- minutive formed from Lat. agnus = lambkin. Of. eaglet, lancet, &c. So Agneta is a Christian name ; in Italian Agnete. Sad melancholly will bring us to folly, And this is death's principall magnet ; But this course I will take it never shall make Me look otherwise than an aynet. Roxburgh Ballads, ii. 71. AGONYCLITEE. The Agonyclytse were a sect in the seventh century who always prayed standing, as thinking it un- lawful to bow the knee (a yow x\ivtiv). To God he will not bow his knee, Like an old Ayonyclitee. Ward, England's Reformation, p. 361. AGRAFF, clasp (Fr. agrafe). A gorgeous hall Lighted up for festival ; Braided tresses, and cheeks of bloom, Diamond ayraff, and foam-white plume. L. E. Landon, Poems, i. 2. AGREEABILITY, agreeablenesrs. L. and R. have one and the same example from Chaucer, where it signifies easi- ness of disposition. L. marks it as rare. Mad. D'Arblay thought she had invented the word, which she uses several times in her diary ; she also has disagreeability, q. v. She was all good humour, spirits, sense, and ayreeaUlity. Surely I may make words when at a loss, if Dr. Johnson does. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, i. 42. Every winter there is a gay and pleasant English colony in that capital, of course more or less remarkable for rank, fashion, and ayreeability with every varying year. Thackeray, The Newcomes, ch. xxxix. AGREEMENTS (a Gallicism) = Fr. agrements. This figure, says he, wants a certain gay air ; it has none of those charms and agree- ments. T. Brown, Works, iii. 52. AGRIN, on the grin. That large-moulded man, His visage all agrin as at a wake, Made at me thro' the press. Tennyson, Princess, v. AGRONOMIAL, belonging to the man- agement of farms. L. has agrono- mical. Eapid as was Leonard's survey, his rural eye detected the signs of a master in the art agronomial.Lytton, My Novel, Bk. V. ch. ii. AID-SOU LDIER ALCOHOL AID-SOULDIER, an auxiliary soldier. Paullinus . . . commanded the most choise of the aid-souldiers. Holland's Camden, p. 54. AIGRET, an ornament for the head. Oh many an aigrette and solitaire have I sold to discharge a lady's play-debt. Foote, The Minor, Act II. Stomachers and Paris nets, Ear-rings, necklaces, aigrets. Anstey, New Bath Guide, letter 3. When at court or some dowager's rout, Her diamond aigrette meets our view, She looks like a glow-worm dressed out, Or tulips bespangled with dew. H. $ J. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 104. AIMWORTHINESS, good aim. These worthy fellows waited not to take good aim with their cannon, seeing the others about to shoot, but fettled it anyhow on the slope, pointing it in a general direc- tion, and, trusting in God for aimworthiness, laid the rope to the breech and fired. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. liv. AIR, to set to music. For not a drop that flows from Helicon But ayred by thee grows streight into a song. J. Cobb, Commendatory verses prefixed to Ayres and Dialogues by H. Lawes (1653). AIR, to take an airing. A message from Mrs. Schwellenberg this morning, to ask me to air with her, re- ceived my most reluctant acquiescence. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, v. 4. AIRGONATION, aerostation. Walpole, writing in 1784, coins this word, and airgonaut for aeronaut, those more usual terms perhaps not being then formed, though in 1786 Peter Pindar uses aeronaut (p. 151, note). L. gives Burke as an authority for aeronaut, but as there is no reference, this does not fix the date. See quotation, s. v. AIR- GONAUT. AIRGONAUT, aeronaut. See AIRGON- ATION. You know how little I have attended to those airyonauts; only t'other night I diverted myself with a sort of meditation on future airgonation Walpole, Letters, iv. 375 (1784). AIRWARDS, up in the air. Eagles such as Brandon do not sail down from the clouds in order to pounce upon small flies, and soar airirards again, con- tented with such ignoble booty. Thackeray, Shabby Genteel Story, ch. iv. AISLET, little ait or island. He enjoyed a party of pleasure in a good boat on the water to one of the aits or aislets in the Thames. Miss Edaetcorth, Patronage, ch. xix. ALABASTRINE, of alabaster. Another-while vnder the Crystall brinks, Her alabastrine well-shap't limbs she shrinks, Like to a Lilly sunk into a glasse. Sylvester, The Trophies, 1081. ALAMODALITY, fashionableness. Doubtless it hath been selected for me because of its alamodality a good and preg- nant word, on the fitness of which some Ger- man, whose name appears to be erroneously as well as uncouthly written Geamoenus, is said to have composed a dissertation. Be pleased, Mr. Todd, to insert it in the inter- leaved copy of your Dictionary. Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter xx. ALARUM, a clock which will make a considerable noise to awake people at any hour at which it may have been set. The word is frequent in Shake- speare and other dramatists to signify a flourish or alarm of trumpets. She had an alarum to call her up early. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxi. ALBACORE, dolphin (Portuguese). In the sea the fish which is called the Albacore, as big as a salmon, followeth them [flying fish] with great swiftness to take them. T. Stevens, 1579 (Eng. Garner, i. 134). The albacore that followeth night and day The flying fish, and takes them for his prey. Denny s, Secrets of Angling (Ibid. i. 166). ALBERGE, house or lodging. Ital. albergo, Fr. auberge, Sp. albergue, Eng. harbour. "We omit to speake of the great mens Serraglios . . . the Alberges of Janizaries, the several Seminaries of Spachies. Sandys, Travels, p. 33. They [the Hospitallers] were conveyed to their severall Alberges in Europe. Fuller, Holy War, Bk. V. ch. v. At this day the knights of Malta, who have but foure Albergies or Seminaries in all Christendome, have three of them in France. Ibid., Bk. V. ch. xxi. ALCHYME, to pour over, or fuse. True gold is alchymed over with a false sophistication. Adams, ii. 53. ALCOHOL. See extract. The word is Arabic, and is applied to the black sulphid of antimony, which is used as a collyrium. Cf. Ezekiel xxiii. 40 in Heb. and LXX. The idea of fineness and tenuity probably caused the word to be applied also to the rectified spirit. ALDERMAN ALL-FOURS They put betweene the eye-lids and the eye a certaine blacke powder with a fine long pensil,made of a minerall brought from the kingdome of Fez, and called Alcohole. Sandys, Travels, p. 67. ALDERMAN, a Presbyterian elder. Jamieson says that the word was formerly used to denote a mayor in Scotch boroughs. A king is not obnoxious to be interdicted or deprived of the Sacraments by their aldermen, who can show no more for the proof of such officers, with whom they organize a Church, than the Pope can for his unlimited jurisdiction. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 32. ALE-HAUNTER, a frequenter of ale- feasts or ale-houses. Nor do they speak any better of the Inferiour Clergy ... of whom they tell us ... That they are Popish Priests, or Monks, or Friars, or Ale-haunters. HeylirCs Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 281. ALE-KEEPER, keeper of an ale-house. One "William Quick, an ale-keeper within the county of Devon, was suppressed by the Justices of Assize. House of Lords, MSS. temp. James I. (Arch., xli. 233). ALEMBIC, to extract or distil. I have occasioned great speculation, and diverted myself with the important mysteries that have been alembicked out of a trifle. Walpole, Letters, i. 208 (1749). ALIMENT, to nourish. "Whilst they give the common people to understand that they are busied about no- thing but contemplation and devotion in fast- ings, and maceration of their sensuality and that only to sustain and aliment the small frailty of their humanity it is so far other- wise that, on the contrary, God knows what cheer they make. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. II. ch. xxxi. ALIMENTIVENESS, feeling which in- clines to taking nourishment. We then assigned to man an organ of alimentiveness, and this organ is the scourge with which the Deity compels man, will-I nill-I, into eating. E. A. Poe, Imp of the Perverse. ALL- ALIVE, very sharp or wakeful. Never was there in woman such a sagacious, such an all-alive apprehension as in this. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, iii. 133. ALL ALONG, fallen at full length. He that foots it best may be sometimes found all along. Brooks, vi. 441. I found a woman of a matchless form Stretch'd all along upon the marble floor. Tuke, Adventures of Five Hours, Act II. Feigning to slip, she fell all alone/, crying out, as in the utmost agony, that she had wrenched her ancle. Johnston, Chrysal, ch. XXV. ALL AND ALL, on the whole : usually written " all in all," and is so written in ch. xli. of the book quoted. Take it all and all, I never spent so happy a summer. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. xxii. ALL -BALL, the universe. They'll tell thee how, when first the Lord had spred Men on the earth, and justly levelled His strait long measure th' All - Ball to divide, He did for thee a plentious land provide. Sylvester, The Lawe, 1382. ALL-FIRED, excessively ; out and out. " I knows I be so all-fired jealous I can't abear to hear o' her talkin', let alone writin', to " " Out with it. To me, you were goirg to say." Huyhes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xl. ALLFORCHES. The Span, alforja = a wallet ; hence applied in extract to the stomach. They humbly came their Majesties to greet., Begging their Majesties to come and treat On every sort of fruit their grand all- forches ; The couple smiled assent, and asked no questions, Resolved to gratify their great digestions. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 97. ALL FOURS. A perfectly fitting com- parison is said to go or run on all fours. All four as in one or two of the sub- joined extracts is less common. That from Adams gives the saying in a slightly different form. Ld. Coke {Lit- tleton, I. i. 1) refers to the ancient say- ing, " Nullum simile quatuor pedibus currit." All similitudes run not, like coaches, on four wheels. Adams, i. 498. You'll hardly find Woman or beast that trots sound of all four ; There will be some defect. Marmion, Antiquary, Act. I. I do not say this comparison runs on all four ; there may be some disparity. Gentle- man Instructed, p. 387. No prophecy can be expected to go upon all fours. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xciv. ALL-FOURS, a game at cards, popular among the vulgar. See extract from T. Brown, s. v. INSENSIBLE. Hence in The Rovers (Act II.) Canning, design- ing to ridicule a scene in a German ALL-HOLLANTIDE ( 12 ALMER p ay in which the characters were dis- covered playing chess, introduces his as playing all-fours. See the passage quoted, s. v. NODDY, where some other terms connected with the game will be found. Sq. Richard. She and I, mayhap, will have a bawt at all-fours without you. Sir Fr. Noa, noa, Dick, that won't do neither ; you mun learn to make one at ombre here, child. Gibber, Prov. Husband, Act II. The doctor's friend was in the positive degree of hoarseness, puffiness, red-facedness, all-fours, tobacco, dirt, and brandy ; the doc- tor in the comparative, hoarser, puffier, more red-faced, more all-fourey, tobaccoer, dirtier, and brandier. Dickens, Little Dorrit, ch. vi. ALL-HOLLANTIDE, All Hallows-tide, or All Saints-tide. See H. He'll give her a black eye within these three days, Beat half her teeth out by All-hallontide, And break the little household stuff they have. Jonson, Fletcher, and Middleton, The Widow, Act V. Lincoln is kept in close imprisonment from All-hollantide till the end of Christmas. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 131. ALLIEMAN, relation by marriage. There was not a gentleman in the two counties of Carnarvon and Anglesey, of three hundred pounds a yeer, but was his kinsman or allieinan in the fourth degree. Fuller, Ch. Hist., XI. iv. 9. ALLIGHTEN, to lighten. Another died, whereby their boat was somewhat alliyhtned. Fuller, Worthies, Dor- setshire, i. 314. ALLMIGHT, almightiness. Our Christ the sonue of God, chief authour of all good, Was He by His allmight that first created man. Puttenham, A rt of Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. six. ALLOGIAMENT, lodging ; quarters : an Italian word Anglicized. The allogiaments of the garrison are uni- forme. Evelyn, Diary, March 23, 1644. ALLOWANCE, to put on an allowance. You have had as much as you can eat, you're asked if you want any more, and you answer " no." Then don't you ever go and say you were allowanced, mind that. Dick- ens, Old Curiosity Shop, ch. xxxvi. ALL - SCIENT, all-knowing : a hybrid substitute for omniscient. If there be God immortal!, All-sclent, All-mighty, just, benign, benevolent ; Where were his wisdom, goodnesse, justice, power, If Vice Hee damne not, nor give Vertue dower. Sylvester, Little Bartas, 751. ALL TO ONE, altogether. It will be all to one a better match for your sister: two thousand a year without debt or drawback, except the little love-child indeed. Miss Austen, Sense and Sensibility, ch. xxx. ALLUDE, to compare mystically ; to refer. Some have alluded these three, gold, myrrh, and frankincense, to the three theological virtues, faith, hope, and charity. Adams, ii. 10. Here will arise a quarrel for the Papists, who, when they hear of this mount, they presently allude it to their Church. Sibbes, ii. 444. Our Bishop was wont to say that Queen Elizabeth's Parliaments were most tractable which sate but a short time, ended before they were acquainted with one another's in- terests, and had not learned to combine, which makes me allude it to Theophrastus' date tree. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 84. ALL UP, total failure or destruction. " All is up and undone ! " cries Murphy. Fielding, Amelia, Bk. XII. ch. vi. A-double 1, all, everything; a cobbler's weapon ; u-p, up, adjective, not down ; S-q-u-double e-r-s, Squeers, noun substantive, a educator of youth. Total, all up with Squeers. Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby, ch. Ix. ALMAIN COMB. See quotation. The translator's note says that no reflection on German cleanliness is intended ; but they wore their own hair, which they would sweep out of their eyes with their hand ; while the French, wearing periwigs, were " seldom seen without a comb in their hand." Grose gives Welch comb, with the same meaning. Afterwards he combed his hair with an Alman comb, which is the four fingers and the thumb. Urqultart's Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxi. ALMANOGRAPHEB, an almanac-maker. We acknowledge the delicacy of the almanographer, but at the same time it must be plain to everybody that this means, Mer- cury in infernal combination with the sun. E. Rae, Land of the North Wind, p. 87 (1875). ALMER, an ahnsgiver. The churle that neuer chaunc't vpon a thought Of charitie, nor what belonges thereto, If God His grace haue once his spirit brought To f eele what goode the faithful! aimers doe, The loue of Christ will so his spirit wooe, ALMIGHTY-MOST ( 13 ALTERNACY That heVill leaue barnes, corne, and bagges of coine, And land and life, with Jesus' love to joine. Breton, Longing of a Blessed Heart, p. 10. ALMIGHTY-MOST, the most all-power- ful : a redundant expression, as almighty does not admit of degrees. Therefore, O People, let us Praise and Pray, Th' Almighty -most (whose mercy lasts for ay). Sylvester, The Captaines, 1287. ALMIGHTYSHIP, omnipotence. It is curious that in each of the two extracts in which I have found the word the reference should be to Jove and Danae. She taught the amorous Jove A magical receipt in love, "Which arm'd him stronger, and which help'd him more Thau all his thunder did, and his almighty- ship before. Cmcley, Essays (Avarice). Not Jove himself such transports knew, "When Danae's charms thd captive god did hold, Tho' he the pleasure to pursue Mortgag'd his poor almighty ship to gold. T. Brown, Works, iv. 83. ALMONDINE, a mineral of a red colour ; precious garnet. They would pelt me with starry spangles and shells, Laughing and clapping their hands between, All night, merrily, merrily ; But I would throw to them back in mine Turkis and agate and almondine. Tennyson, The Merman. ALMS-PENNY, small charitable dona- tion. Father, here is an alms-penny for me ; and if I speed hi that I go for, I will give thee as good a gown of grey as ever thou did'st wear. Peele, Old Wives Tale. It's probable He gave them an alms-penny, for which reason Judas carried the bag, that had a common stock in it for the poor. Barnard, Life of Heylin, sect. 104. ALNASCHARISM, day-dreaming : the reference of course is to the well-known story of The Barber's Fifth Brother, in the Arabian Nights. Already with maternal alnascharism she had, in her reveries, thrown back her head with disdain, as she repulsed the family advances of some wealthy but low-born heiress. Miss Edgetcorth, Vivian, ch. i. ALOFT is used more than once in Cecilia for aloof. I did not mark the first instance, supposing it to be a mis- print. Delville stood aloft for some minutes, expecting Sir Robert Floyer would station himself behind Cecilia. Mad. U'Arblay, Cecilia, Bk. IV. ch. ii. ALREADY, present : used adjectivally. Lord Hobart and Lord Fitzwilliam are both to be earls to-morrow ; the former of Buckingham, the latter by his already title. Walpole, Letters, i. 150 (1746). ALSATIAN, a rogue, or debauchee, such as haunted Alsatia or Whitefriars. Alsatians are graphically described in Scott's Nigel. He spurr'd to London, and left a thousand curses behind him. Here he struck up with sharpers, scourers, and Alsatians. Gentleman Instructed, p. 491. ALSATIA PHRASE, slang or cant term, such as was used by the ruffians of Whitefriars. The second instance to shew the author's wit is not his own, is Peter's banter (as he calls it in his Alsatia phrase) upon transub- stantiation. Swift, Tale of Tub. Apology for Author. ALT. To be in alt, a musical term applied to being in the clouds, or in a passion, or in an exalted frame of mind. The fair fugitive was all in alt. Richard- son, Cl. Harlmce, v. 145. Sophy. Moderate, moderato, madam ! your ladyship's absolutely in alt. Lady S. In alt, madam ? Sophy. Yes, in alt. Give me leave to tell your ladyship that you have raised your voice a third octave higher siuce you came into the room. Colman, Musical Lady, Act I. " Come, prithee be a little less in alt" cried Lionel, " and answer a man when he speaks to you." Mad. D'Arblay, Camilla, Bk. II. ch. v. ALTARAGE. See second extract. In the time of King Henry the Eighth there came a great and mighty wind, that rent down churches, overthrew altarages. Adams, i. 67. All the altaragia, the dues that belong to them that serve at God's altar, and which the laws of God and man bound to the altar, they have loosened. Hid, i. 128. ALTEL, altar. If ... he come to church, take holy water, hear mass devoutly, and take altel holy bread, he is sure enough, say the Papists. Bradford, ii. 314. ALTERNACY, alternation. Lorenzo's [sonnets] are frequently more clear, less alembiques, and not inharmonious, as Petrarch's often are, from being too crowd- ed with words, for which room is made by numerous elisions, which prevent the soften- ALTERNIZE AMBITIONIST ing alternacy of vowels and consonants. Walpole, Letters, iv. 549 (1795). ALTERNIZE, to alternate. I only saw him once, but that was in a tete-a-tete, alternized with a trio by my son that lasted a whole afternoon. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, vii. 355. ALTEZA, height. See quotation, s. v. EXCELSITUDE. Nashe seems to use the word as though it were naturalized. ALTHOFF, although. Fielding re- peatedly makes his uneducated charac- ters use thof or althof. He affected somewhat of the rustic phrase of his own country, which was Gloucester- shire ; as, to instance in a word, althoff instead of although, as we pronounce. North Examen, p. 510. ALTIFY, to heighten. Fuller in his Worthies (i. 234), remarking on the Cumberland proverb " Skiildaw, Lanvellin, and Casticand Are the highest hills in all England," says " every county is given to magnify (not to say altify) their own things therein." ALTITUDES, passion ; excitement. Clar. Who makes thee cry out thus, poor Brass ? rass. Why, your husband, Madam ; he's in his altitudes here. Vanbruyh, Confederacy/, Act V. If we would see him in his altitudes, we must go back to the House of Commons . . . there he cuts and slashes at another rate. JVbrtA, Examen, p. 258. "The girl is got into her altitudes, Aunt Hervey," said my sister. " You see, Madam, she spares nobody." Richardson, Cl. Har- lowe, i. 350. Sophia. Sir, I have tried while I could to treat you with some degree of respect ; you put it out of my power ; resentment and contempt are the only Contrast. Clarissa Harlow in her altitudes ! What circulating library has supplied you with language and action upon this occasion ? Bunjoyne, Lord of the Manor, Act II. sc. i. ALVEARY, a hive. L. has the word, but no illustration of the literal sense. Ther's not the least foulnes seen in our alvearies or hives, for we abhor all immun- dicities and sordidnes, Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 137. ALY, having to do with ale : as applied to a nose red. A coystrell Whose crusty chaps, whose aly nose, Whose lothsom stinking breath Whose toothles gunims, whose bristled beard, Whose visage all like death, Would kill an honest wench to view. Breton, Toyes of an Idle Head, p. 55. AMAFBOSE, amaurosis, a weakness in the optic nerve causing loss or dimness of sight. She is back't By th' Amafrose and cloudy Cataract, That (gathering up gross humors inwardly In th' optique sinew) quite puts out the eye. Sylvester, The Furies, 377. AMATEURISH, unprofessional ; in the style of an amateur. See extract, s. v. DILETTANTISH. I found him standing in a stable . . . superintending the somewhat amateurish operations of the man who had undertaken to supply the ostler's place. Black, Adven- tures of a Phaeton, ch. v. AMAZE, to be amazed. A maze not, man of God, if in the spirit Thou'rt brought from Jewry unto Nineveh. Greene, Looking Glass for Ewjland, p. 119. Madam, amaze not : see his majesty Returu'd with glory from the Holy Laud. Peele, Edw. I., i. 1. AMAZEFUL, astonished. The Queen, nigh sunk in an amazefu.ll swoun, Bespake him thus. Sylvester, The Magnificence, 1398. AMAZONICAL, belonging to the Ama- zons. Theare wear Amazonical woommen with targat. Stanyhurst, ^En., i. 475. AMBASSADORIAL, pertaining to an ambassador. I had no occasion to be in such a hurry to prepare your ambassadorial countenance. Walpole to Mann, iii. 341 (1759) AMBIDEXTERITY, versatility. My father's disappointment was in finding nothing more from so able a pen but the bare fact itself, without any of that specu- lative subtility or ambidexterity of argument- ation upou it, which heaven had bestow'd upon man on purpose to investigate truth, and fight for her on all sides. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, iii. 23. AMBITIONATE, to aim at ambition. These may be glad if they can preserve the petty Provinces of their Parochial and Independent Episcopacies which they so infinitely ambitionated. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 252. AMBITIONIST, ambitious man. [Napoleon] lost head, as they say, and be- came a selfish ambitionist and quack. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 146. 'AMBLIGON AMOUND AMBLIGON, having obtuse angles. The Buildings Ambligon, May more receive than Mansions Oxygon, (Because th' acute and the rect-Angles too Stride not so wide as obtuse Angles doe). Sylvester, TJie Columnes, 198. AMBROSIATE, ambrosial. Ev'n thus the Mercury of heaven Ushers th' ambrosiate banquet of the gods. Decker, Satiromastix (Hawkins, Ena. D., iii. 181). AMBULATE, to walk, or wander. Now Morpheus . . . Amused with dreams man's ambulating soul. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 43. AMBULING COMMUNIONS. I had thought that the remark of Lord Cecil at the Hampton Court Conference referred to the custom of the clergy walking about the church, and giving the elements to the people ; but Heylin (Survey of the Estate of Guernzey and Jursey (1656), Bk. VI. ch. v. p. 371), commenting on the order that had been made in those islands to receive the Holy Communion either sitting or standing, observes, " Our Synodists more moderate than those of the Netherlands, who have licensed it to be administered unto men even when they are walking." Lcl. Cecil. The indecencie of amlmling com- munions is very offensive, and hath driven many from the Church. Fuller, C/i. Hist., X. i. 20. AMEN, to end, as amen does a prayer ; also to say amen to. Yea verily, this very evening have I amen'd the volume. Southey, Letters, 1812, ii. 281. Who has not heard tue ancieut wurds ? and how many of us have uttered them knowing them to be untrue? and is there a bishop on the bench that has not amen'd the humbug in his lawn sleeves, and called a blessing over the kneeling pair of per- jurers ? Ttiackeray, Newcomes, ch. Ivii. AMERICANISM, a word or phrase pe- culiar to the United States, or originat- ing there. Many so-called American- isms are good old English. There is an article on Americanisms in the Penny Cydopcedia. You know very well that quoting a foreign language is quite different from using those stupid Americanisms which are only fit for negro-concerts. Black, Adventures of a Phae- ton, ch. vii. AMISSNESS, error. God forgive us our amissnesses ! British Bellman, 1648 (Karl. Misc., vii. 626). AMMUNITION-BREAD, bread belonging to soldiers' rations. That great Achilles might employ The strength designed to ruin Troy, He dined on lion's marrow, spread On toasts of ammunition-bread. Prior, Alma, iii. 215. The king . . allows them soldier's pay, that is, five sols or twopence halfpenny a day ; or rather, three sols and ammunition bread. Smollett, Travels, Letter v. AMNESTIA. R. says, " It is used in the Latin form by Howell to denote f orgetf ulness ; " and he cites from the Letters, iii. 6. The extract shows that the term was also used by him to signify amnesty. Sanderson has the Eng. form. He required that every one should return to his former obedience, offring an amnestia for what had pass'd. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 127. AMORETTE. This word is variously employed. In Chaucer's Romaunt of the Rose, 892, it seems to mean a love- knot (so Jamieson and L.) ; in Ibid. 4755 Tyrwhitt and L. explain it, "an amorous woman." H. thinks that in both passages it = a love affair, a little amour, a sense which it certainly bears in Walsh's Letters, as quoted by Latham. N. cites a passage from Hey wood's Love's Mistress where it signifies " a love sonnet." In Puttenham's Arte of Poesie, Bk. II. ch. xii., it appears to denote " an amorous woman." In the subjoined it = amorous looks. How martial is the figure of his face, Yet lovely, and beset with amorets. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 168. Should Paris enter in the courts of Greece, And not lie fettered in fair Helen's looks ? Or Phoebus scape those piercing amorets, That Daphne glanced at his deity. Ibid. p. 173. AMORING, love-making. Whilst he, not dreaming of thy folly, Lies gaping like a great Lob-lolly, On Carian Latmus loudly snoaring, Insensible of thy amoring. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 213. AMOUND, to amount (?). The countrey where they live Psychania bight, Great Psychany, that hath so mighty bounds, If bounds it have at all. So infinite It is of bignesse, that it me confounds To think to what a vastnesse it amounds. H. More, Life of the Soul, ii. 24. A MOVE ME NT ANCHORITISH AMOVEMENT, removal. Iu like sort his brother Geffrey, a Knight Templar, is put out of the Councell, both of them much maligned by the Nobilitie, who had often before laboured their amouement. Daniel, Hist, of Eiiy., p. 134. AMPHIBION, an amphibious animal. L. has it as an adj. Kdward, the third of that name, ended his life, having reigned a jubilee full fifty years. A Prince no less successful than valiant ; like an A mphibion, he was equally active on water and laud. Fuller, Ch. Hist., IV. i. 12. Man may be call'd the great Amphybiwm of nature. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 139. AMPHITHEATRAL, amphitheatrical. Then furious windes to skies huge stones eject ; "Which, like a cp passe turnd about, erect A Bound amphitheatral. Sandys, Travels, p. 278. AMULETTO, a charm, as against the plague ; or perhaps in the extract it means a disinfectant. The word had assumed its English dress before this. Amulet occurs in Browne's Vulgar Errors. Would you thrust a child into a pest-house without necessity, and without an amuletto ? Gentleman Instructed, p. 166. AMUSABLE, capable of being amused. She had experienced somewhat of Madame de Maintenon's difficulty (and with fewer resources to meet it), of trying to amuse a man who was not amusable. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. v. AMUSE, amaze. To sit o'erwhelm'd with thought, with dark amuse, And the sad sullenness of griev'd dislike. Machin, Dumb Knight, IV. i. AMUSER, a deceiver; especially by procrastination, or raising side issues. The verb is still so used. The French are the greatest amitsers in the world. If propositions are made which they resolve not to accept, they will not directly say so, but suspend and go upon other matter which they intend shall have advantage by the hopes of the former. North, Examen, p. 137. AMUZATORY, a diversion or dis- traction. But now (as an amuzatory to make the ill governed people thinke they are not for- gotten) the new chiefe Justiciar . . . procures that 4 knights in every shire should inquire of the oppressions of the poore. Daniel, Hist, of England, p. 149. AMYGDALOID, toad-scone. Chattering stony names Of shale and hornblende, ray, and trap, and tuff, Amygdaloid and trachyte. Tennyson, Princess, iii. ANAGLYPH, a symbolic writing known only to the Egyptian priests : the hiero- glyphs were understood by well-edu- cated laymen. The language of the world ... is an anaglyph a spoken anaglyph, my dear. If all the hieroglyphs of the Egyptians had been A B C to you, still, if you did not know the anaglyph, you would know nothing of the true mysteries of the priests. Lytton, Cox- tons, Bk. VII. ch. vii. ANAGNOST (Gr.), reader. King Francis . . . caused my books (mine, I say, because several false and infamous have been wickedly laid to me) to be care- fully and distinctly read to him by the most faithful and learned anaynost in this king- dom. Urquhart's Rabelais, bk. iv., Ep. Ded. ANALOGUE, something analogous or answering to another thing. The Basques speak a lingo utterly different from all European languages, which has no analogue, and must have come from a dif- ferent stock from our ancestors. C. Kinysley, 1864 (Life, ii. 168). ANALYSE, analysis. He published a little tractate called the Holy Table, under the name of a Lincolnshire minister. The analyse of it may be spared, since it is in many hands. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 104. It is also used by Henry More, Mys- tery of Iniquity, p. 276 (Hall's Modern English, p. 175). ANATHEMATE, to curse ; anathematize. A countrey it seemeth anathemated for the death of Christ. Sandys, Travels, p. 145. ANAUT^STHESIE. More, in The Inter- pretation Generall affixed to his writings, defines this, " without self-sensedness or relishing one's self." Strong sympathy Of the divided natures magick band "Was burnt to dust in anautasthesie. H. More, Life of the Soul, iii. 68. ANAUT^ESTHET. More defines this, " One that feels not himself, or at least relisheth not himself." Here Simon just became spotlesse anau- tcesthet.H. More, Life of tlie Soul, iii. 67. ANCHORITISH, hermit-like. Him and his noiseless parsonage, the pen- sive abode for sixty years of religious reverie ANCHORLESS ANIMATE and anchoritish self-denial, I have described further on. De Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 134. ANCHORLESS, without an anchor. My homeless, anchorless, unsupported mind had again leisure for a brief repose. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. vi. ANCOKIST, anchoress. He gave a visit to a woman lately turn'd an ancorist, and renowned for her holiness. Fuller, Worthies, Yorkshire (ii. 498). ANDABATES, fencers who fought on horseback, hoodwinked. L. has anda- batism = ambiguity. "With what eyes do these owls and blind andabates look upon the Holy Scriptures. Becon, i. 331. ANDIRONS. Pothooks and hangers is an expression applied to written charac- ters, but in the quotation the less appro- priate andirons is employed. San. He has sent his duty before him in this letter, sir. Ant. What have we here, pot-hooks and andirons ? San. Pot-hooks ! Oh dear, sir ! I beg your pardon ; no, sir, this is Arabick. (Jibber, Love Makes a Man. I. i. ANECDOTARIAN, a retailer of anec- dotes. Our ordinary anecdotarians make use of libels, but do not declaredly transcribe and ingraft them into their text. North, Exa- men, p. 644. ANECDOTIC, given to anecdote. He silenced him without mercy when he attempted to be anecdotic. Savage, R. Med- licott. Bk. III. ch. vi. ANGELHOOD, angelic nature or charac- ter. Anyli, Angeli! (resumed From the mediaeval story) Such rose angelhoods, emplumed, In such ringlets of pure glory. Mrs. Browning, Song for Ragged Schools. ANGERFUL, angry. Ever when Twould make God's Name redoubted among men, (In humane phraze) it calls Him pitiful], Repentant, jealous, fierce, and angerfull. Sylvester, The Arke, 205. ANGERLESS, free from anger. And shall a Judge se\f-angerless prefer To shamefull death the strange adulterer ? Sylvester, The Arke, 222. ANGLED, applied by Sylvester to a badger driven into an angle of his hole. The word usually means having angles. Cf. the modern slang " cornered." The angry beast to his best chamber flies, And (angled there) sits grimly inter-gerning. Sylvester, The Decay, 538. ANGLIZED. Anglicized is the more usual form. Cf. KOMIZED, SCOTIZED. These Norman lords in the next genera- tion by breathing in English ayre, and wed- ding with English wives, became so perfectly Anglized and lovers of liberty, that they would stand on their guard against the king on any petty discontentment. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. ii. 56. This Doctour was a Dutchman very much Anglized in language and behaviour. Ibid., Hist, of Cambridge Univ., viii. 16. ANGOR, pain. See Latham. For man is loaden with ten thousand lan- guors : All other creatures onely feele the angors Of few diseases. Sylvester, The Furies, 607. ANGUISHES, griefs (uncommon in the plural). Ye miserable people, you must go to God in anguishes, and make your prayer to Him. Latimer, i. 144. This same outward man is further to be regarded by us, forasmuch as his infirmities, frailties, distemperatures, aches, and an- guishes are so intimately felt by his divine inmate. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 32. ANHEALE, to pant. The extract is from a translation of a Latin sermon preached by Latimer before the Con- vocation, 1536. All men know that we be here gathered, and with most fervent desire they anheale, breathe, and gape for the fruit of our con- vocation. Latimer, i. 51. AN HIGH-LONE, quite alone. See H., s. v. a-hiyh-lone. But e'er this colt, we so did toil on, Was foal'd, and first 'gau stand an high-lone ; Bless us ! we had such thund'ring weather, As heav'n and earth would come together. Cotton, Scarronides, p. 16. ANIMADVERTISE, to inform or call attention to. Whole tribes of males and females trotted, bargd it thither to build and enhabite, which the saide kinges, whiles they weilded their swords temporall, animadvertised of, assigned a ruler or governour over them that was called the king's provost. Nashe, Len- ten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 151). ANIMATE, to become lively; to re- vive ; usually, to make lively. Cf. the same writer's use of REANIMATE, q. v. c ANKLE-BELL ANTENA TED Mr. Arnott, animating at this speech, glided behind her chair. Jfad. D'Arblay, Cecilia, Bk. I. ch. vi. ANKLE-BELL, a bell attached to the ankle. The brutes of mountain back That carry kings in castles, bow'd black knees Of homage, ringing with their serpent hands, To make her smile, her golden ankle-bells. Tennyson, Jferlin and Vivien. ANKLE-DEEP, up to the ankles. And brushing ankle-deep in flowers, We heard behind the woodbine veil The milk that bubbled in the pail, And buzziugs of the honied hours. Tennyson, In Jfemyriam, Ixxxviii. ANKLET, orn imant for the ankle. They strip her ornaments away, Bracelet and anklet, ring, and chain, and zono. Southey, Kehama, I. ii. I would like to go into an Indian Brahmin's house and see . . . slim waists cased in Cash- tnir shawls, Kincob scarfs, curly slippers, gilt trousers, precious anklets and bangles. Thackeray, The Newcomes, ch. xxviii. ANKLE-WING. Mercury was repre- sented with wings at his ankles (ta- laria). Such a precipitate heel, Fledged as it were with Mercury's ankle- wing, Whirls her to me. Tennyson, Lucretius. ANNAL-BOOK, history. Bleys Laid magic by. and sat him down, and wrote All things and whatsoever Merlin did In one great annal-book. Tennyson, Coming of Arthur. ANNIHILATE, to wear out. Such as are not annihilated with labour have no title to be recreated with liberty. Fuller, Ch. Hist., XL ii. 33. ANNOMINATE, to name. How then shall these chapters be annoini- nated ? Soulliey, The Doctor, ch. viii. ANNULAR. The Diets, give this word = like a ring ; but annular-finger means the ring-finger. Then calling for a Bason and a Pin He pricks his annular finger, and lets fall Three drops of blood. Eeaiunoiit, Psyche, v. 50. ANOIL, to anoint, as in extreme unc- tion. Pope Innocentius I., in his Epistle i. chap. 8, saith that not only priests, but laymen in cases of their own and others' necessities, may anoile.Bp. Hall, Works, ix. 89. Suppose then one that is sick should have this Pica, and long to be annoiled; why might not a lay-friend annoil as well as bap- tize ? Racket, Life of Williams, i. 218. ANONYMAL, anonymous. Take the original thereof out of an anony- mal croniclering manuscript. Fuller, Wor- thies, Lincoln (ii. 9). ANOREXIE, want of appetite. One while the Bonlime, then the Anorexie, Then the Dog-hunger or the Bradypepsie. Sylvester, The Furies, 450. ANOTHER. The vulgar tu quoque, you're another, which is part of the slang of the streets, is, as might be expected, not modern. Hoister. If it were an other but thou, it were a knaue. M. Mery. Ye are an other your selfe, sir, the lorde us both saue. Udal, Roister Doister, iii. 5. " You mistake me, friend," cries Partridge : " I did not mean to abuse the cloth ; I only said your conclusion was a non sequitur." " You are anotlier" cries the sergeant, " an' you come to that ; no more a sequicur than yourself." Fielding, Tom Jones, Book IX. ch. vi. AXSERINE, pertaining to a goose. When the flesh gives a shiver or creeps, it is called goose skin ; according to some a goose is then walking over one's grave. Nor the snake that hiss'd, nor the toad that spat, Nor glimmering candles of dead men's fat, Nor even the flap of the Vampire Bat, No anserine skin would rise thereat, It's the cold that makes him shiver. Hood, TJie Forge. From the class of modern authors who use really nothing to write with but steel and gold, some no doubt will let their pens descend to posterity under the designation of " anserine " of course intending always a mere figure of speech. E. A. Poe, Margi- nalia, xi. ANSWERLESS. An answerless answer is one which offers no substantial reply, while professing to do so. L. has an- swerlessly, with quotation from Bp. Hall. Here is an answerless answer, without con- fessing or denying either proposition. Bramhall, ii. 627. ANTENATED, born before the time. Somewhat of the evangelical relish was in them [the Sybilline prophecies] antenated, and in being before the Gospels were written. Hacket, L'fe of Williams, ii. 43. ANTHONY'S PIGS ( 19 ) ANTI-EPIGRAMMATIST ANTHONY'S (ST.) PIGS. See extract and H., s. v. Fuller tells us also that this name was given to the scholars of the City of London School. See ex- tract, s.v. PAUL'S PIGEONS. He will follow him like a St. Anthony's Pit/. St. Anthonie is notoriously known for the Patron of hogs, having a Pig for his Page in all pictures. . . . There was a fair Hospital built to the honour of St. Anthony in Ben- net's Fink in the City ; the Protectors and Proctors whereof claimed a priviledge to themselves to garble the live Pigs in the Markets of the City ; and such as they found starved, or otherwise unwholesome for man's sustenance, they would slit in the ear, tie a bell about their necks, and let them loose about the City. None durst hurt or take them up (having this Livery of St. Anthony upon them) ; but many would give them bread, and feed them in their passage, whom they used to follow, whining after them. Fuller, Worthies, London (ii. 56). ANTHROPOMOEPHOSE, to change from the form of a man : at least this is the sense in the extract, the only place in which I have met with this verb ; but anthropomorphites were those who at- tributed a human form to one who had it not, i. e. the Deity. I humbly desire to see some of those human cretures that you have anthropomorphos'd, and transform'd to brute animals. Howell, Parly of leasts, p. 3. ANTHROPOSOPHIST, one who has studied man ; but in the extract it seems to be used in contradistinction to theo- logian, and to imply one who does not know much about God. If folks would but believe that the Apos- tles talked not such very bad Greek, and had some slight notion of the received meaning of the words they used, and of the absurdity of using the same term to express nineteen different things, the New Testament would be found to be a much simpler and more severely philosophic book than ' Theologians " (" Anthroposophists" I call them) fancy. C. Kingsley, Yeast, ch. xv. ANTHROPOSOPHY, knowledge of men. The veriest novice could not have made his advances upon such an occasion more awkwardly than our boasted professor of anthroposophy. Th. Hook, Man of Many Friends. ANTIANARCHIC, opposed to anarchy. This then is the fruit your antianarchic Girondins have got from that levying of war in Calvados Carlyle, Fr. Rev.. Pt. III. Bk. IV. ch. ii. ANTI-BECKETIST, opposer of Becket. Cf. BECKETIZE. John of Oxford was . . a great Anti-Becket- ist. Fuller, Worthies, Oxford (ii. 229). ANTI-CAMERA, antechamber, or, if the spelling is to be followed, the chamber opposite the principal one. The Great Seal and the keeper of it waited two hours in the Anti-camera, and was sent home without the civility of admission. Racket, Life of Williams, i. 205. ANTICEBEMONIAL, opposed to cere- monies. It doth no where appear that our blessed God is so Anti-ceremoniall a God as some men hare vehemently fancied. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 97. AxTICHTHONES (uvri %0wi/). people on the other side of the earth ; at the Antipodes. Those A ntichthones which are on the other side of the globe of the earth, are now [iu darkness] while it is day with us. Bp. Hall. Works, v. 478. ANTICLINAL, inclining in opposite directions : applied to a ridge from which strata dip on either side. I climbed a vast anticlinal ridge. C. Kings- Icy, 1849 (Life, i. 174). ANTICRONISM, confusion in dates. This confounding so many Bacons in one hath caused anticronismes. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. vii. 18. Some justly quarrell at Virgill's fiction, making Dido fall in love with Eneas, who indeed was dead many years before her cradle was made ; others have sought ingeniously to solve the anticronisme in history by the plea that she fell in love with his picture. Hid., Worthies, Cheshire. ANTIDEITY, an opposer or rival of the Deity. Know, Diu'lls incarnate, Antideities, To make and marre are two repugnant things. Dcivies, Mirum in Modum, p. 23. ANTIDOMINICARIAN, one who would abolish the Sunday. The Sadducees might deny and overthrow the resurrection, . . . OTiheAntidominicarians the Lord's Day. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 283. ANTI-EPIGRAMMATIST, one who writes epigrams against or in answer to another. He was as good a Poet as any in that age, and delighted to be an Anti-epigram- matist to John White, Bishop of Winchester. Fuller, Worthies, Surrey (ii. 339). C 2 ANT1EP1SCOPALIST ( 20 ) ANTIPATHISE ANTIEPISOOPALIST, one opposed to episcopacy. The running heading of p. 603 of Gauden's Tears of the Church is "Of Episcopacy and Anti-episcopa- lists in Q. Eliz. dayes." __ ANTIEVANGELICAL, opposed to the gospel. Those penurious practises and sacrilegious principles which some men follow are as much antievanyelicall as they are anti- episcopall. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 577. ANTIFAME, contrary report. It is not worth the making a schism be- twixt newsmongers to set up an ant if am e against [a ridiculous report]. Fuller, Holy State, Bk. III. ch. xxiii. ANTI-FRIARIST, one opposed to friars. He wrote also a smart Book on this Sub- ject. . . Whether Friars in Health, and Begging, be in the state of perfection ? The A nti-Friarista maintaining that such were Rogues by the Laws of God and Man. Fuller, Worthies, Wilts (ii. 450). ANTIFRICTION, antidote to friction; smoother. Oil of flattery, the best patent antifriction known, subdues all irregularities whatsoever. Carlyle, Diamond Necklace, ch. viii. ANTIFULIGINOUS, hostile to smoke. And thou, O Michael, ever to be praised, Angelic among Taylors, for thy laws Antifaliyinous ; extend those laws Till every chimney its own smoke consume. Southey, To A. Cunningham. ANTIG'ALLICAN, opposed to the French. There was an Antigallican Society (see extracts, v. GREGORIAN) established in 1745, to oppose French designs. See Jf. and Q., IV. iii. 482. Since it is so much the humour of the Euglish at present to run abroad, I wish they had antigallican spirit enough to pro- duce themselves in their own genuine Eng- lish dress. Smollett, France and Italy, Letter vi. ANTIGROPELOS, something to protect the legs against moist mud (avri vypof 7f;\6c). The edge of a great fox-cover . . . some forty red coats and some four black . . . the surgeon of the Union in mackintosh and antif/ropelos. C. Kinysley, Yeast, ch. i. Her brother had on his antigroptloa, the utmost approach he possessed to a hunting equipment. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. vii. ANTMNFANTAL, hostile to infants. Gauden (Tears of the Church, p. 279) speaks of " that Anti-infantall Christ which they [Anabaptists] say is so pre- dominant in them." ANTI-KESAR, an opponent of mo- narchy. These waspish over-weeuing idle drones Are mortal plagues to ev'ry Publike-weall ; Eight anti-Kesars vndermyning thrones. Dames, Microcosmos, p. 72. ANTILITURGICALL, opposed to liturgy. The graver sort even of Antiliturgicall Preachers and people too . . . confine them- selves to a more constant method aud form of prayer. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 90. ANTILITURGIST, one opposed to the liturgy. Our late Anti-liturgists thought set forms of prayer might do well at sea, though not at land. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 91. ANTILOGY, contradiction. Alas ! how miserably is truth torn by antilogies and little better than scolding. Tears of the Press, 1681 (Harl. Misc., iv. 449). AXTIMAGISTRATICAL, opposed to ma- gistrates. All spirits which are antiepiscopall are in some respects antimayistraticall, and most- what antimonarchicall. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 556. ANTIMATRIMONIALIST, one opposed to marriage. If she make a private purse, which, we are told by anti-matrlmonialists, all wives love to do, it goes all into the same family at the long run. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, iv. 144. ANTIMILITANT, peaceful or peace- loving. "What remained for an active militant parson to do was to hold his own against all comers. Her father, it is true, was an excep- tion to this ; but then he was so essentially antimilitant in all things, that she classed him in her own mind apart from all others. Trollope, Barchester Towers, ch. xxi. ANTINATIONAL, unpatriotic. The great power and compass of the German language, which the vilest of anti- national servilities obscured to the eyes of those that occupied thrones, had gradually revealed themselves to the popular mind of Germany. De Quincey, Last Days of Kant. ANTIPATHIC, causing antipathy. Every one seems to have his antipathic animal. C. Kimjsley (Life, ii. 41). ANTIPATHISE, to be contrary or opposed. ANTIPERISTEZE ANYTHING That which antipathises against one thing sympathiseth with another. Adams, Works, iii. 157. ANTIPERISTEZE. Cowley (quoted in H.) defines antiperistasis, "the oppo- sition of a contrary quality by which the quality it opposes becomes height- ened or intended." One would have expected the verb to be antiperistasize. Davies, it will be seen, spells it ante. But if the Soule through the Almighties pow'r, (Anteperistezing hir pow'rs with grace) Breake through those muddy walls which hir immure, And would compel hir fowle affects t' embrace ; Shee then (sans pride) might looke God in the face. Davies, Mlrum in Modum, p. 15. ANTIPHONETIC, returning the sound ; rhyming. Moore and Tom Campbell themselves admit " spinach " Is perfectly antiphonetic to " Greenwich." Ingoldsby Legends (CynotapK). ANTIPRACTISE, to oppose. Men that are sound in their morals, and in minutes imperfect in their intellectuals, are best reclaimed when they are mignarized and strok'd gently. Seldom anything but severity will make them anti-practise, for then they grow desperate. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 95. ANTIQUITARIAN, a contemptuous term for one who would now be called a medievalist. I shall distinguish such as I esteem to be the hinderers of reformation into three sorts : (1) Antiquitarians (for so I had rather call them than antiquaries, whose labours are useful and laudable), (2) Libertines, (3) Politicians. Milton, Of Reformation in Eng- land, bk. i. ANTIRUMOUR, to raise a counter re- port. The Queen's party gave out that the King of France had sent over a vast army for her assistance, and the King's side antirumoured (who could raise reports easier than armies) that the Pope had excommunicated all such who sides against him. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. viii. 14. ANTI-SLAVITE, one opposed to slavery. The whole controversy between slave- holders and anti-slavites hinges on the proofs from God's book. Dean, Life of Theodore Parker, p. 181 (1877). ANTITHET, opposite statement or position. It id sometimes true, the popular sayiug, that sunshine comes after storm. Some- times true, or who could live? but not always; not even often. Equally true is the popular antithet that misfortunes never come single. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. xxvi. ANTITYPAL, of the nature of an anti- type. The Diets, have antitypical, antitypous. How am I to extricate my antitypal charac- ters, when their living types have not yet extricated themselves? C. Kingsley, Yeast (Epilogue). ANTIVITRUVIAN, contrary to Vitru- vius, the well-known Boman architect ; used as an epithet for those who undid or destroyed architectural monuments. Some of our late Architects or Antivitru- vian Builders have endeavoured with their axes and hammers to break down more good Church-work in twice seven years than the best master-builders can hope to repair in seventy-seven. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 21 (Preface). ANTI-WICLIFFIST, opposer of Wick- liffe. John of Milverton .... was a great A nti- Wicclifist. Fuller, Worthies, Bristol (ii. 297). ANTLING, a young ant. Within the formicaries antlings were found, too callow to push out-doors, but not far removed from their maturity, who were of a pale yellow colour. McCook, The Agricul- tural Ant of Texas, p. 20 (1879). ANTS PATHES, TO SEEK, apparently a proverbial expression for very careful seeking. There is no corresponding expression in the original. [After discussing the origin of the name of the village of Over-Burrow.] But if it re- cover the ancient name, it may thanke others and not mee, although I have sought as narrowly and diligently for it as for ants pathes. Holland's Camden, p. 753. ANYTHING. The comparison in the subjoined quotation is often made still by those who are at a loss for some- thing more definite. The same maiden, where the lokers on quaked and trembled for feare, daunced without any feare at all emong sweardes and kniues, beyug as sharpe as any thyng. Udal j s Erasmus, Apophih., p. 32. O my dear father and mother, I fear your girl will grow as proud as anything. Bich* ardson, Pamela, ii. 57. ANYTHING A RI AN ( 22 ) The tear-drop in his little eye again began to spring, His bosom throbb'd with agony, he cried like anything. Ingoldsby Leg. (Jfisadv. at Margate). ANYTHIXGARIAN, a man indifferent to all creeds. See also extract, s. v. BIFARIOUS. Lady Sm. "What religion is he of ? Li. Sp. "Why, he is an anythingarian. Lady Ans. I believe he has his religion to chuse, my lord. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. i.). They made puir Bobbie Burns an any- thingarian with their blethers. C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. xxii. ANYTHINGARIANISM, an indefinite state of opinion. Schiller's ' Gods of Greece ' expresses, I think, a tone of feeling very common, and which finds its vent in modern Neo-Platou- ism Anyfhtngarianism. C. Kinasley, 1851 (Life, i. 215). APART, to stop. But when I saw no end that could apart The deadly devvle which she so sore did make, With doleful voice then thus to her I spake. Sackville, The Induction, st. 14. APAUSE, to bring to a stand-still. With this saying he was apaused. Phil- pot, p. 86. APEAK. The anchor is said to be apeak when the cable is drawn so as to bring the ship directly over it. The anchor was soon aped!*, the sails filled, and we were under way. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 162. APEDOM, state of apishness. The Gombroonians had not yet emerged from this early condition of apedom. They, it seems, were still homines caudati. De Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 87. APERITIVE, an aperient medicine. The Diets, have it as an adj. A physician was yesterday consulted, who advised some gentle aperitives, as his strength will bear it. Richardson, Grandison, iv. 311. APHRODISIAN, pertaining to Aphrodite or Venus : Aphrodisian dames = cour- tesans. They showed me the state nursery for the children of those aphrodisian dames, their favourites. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Ivi. APIARIAN, pertaining to bees. When we are told to go to the ant and the bee, and consider their ways, it is not that we should borrow from them formic laws or apiarian policy. Southey, Tlie Doctor, ch. xcvi. APOCHA, a receipt. The debt was not cancell'd to that rigid and hard servant, for if he had his apocha or quietance, to speak after the manner of men, he were free from all insequeut demands. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 25. APOCHRYPHY, to make apocryphal or of doubtful truth. Others dare venter a diuiner straine, And rime the Bible, whose f oule feet profane That holy ground, that wise men may decide The Bible ne'er was more Apochryphide Than by their bold excursions. Davies, Paper Persecutors, p. 80. APOLOGETIC, an apology. See quota- tion, 8. V. DEPRECATORY. It looks as if he wrote an apologetic to the mob on behalf of the prisoner. JVbrf/t, "Ex- amen, p. 305. APOLOGICAL, parabolical ; of the nature of an apologue. To this silent objection Christ makes an apological answer. Adams, ii. 106. APOPLECTICK, one seized with apo- plexy. So often we see there is life in an apoplcc- tick, though he seem to be dead. Hacktt, Life of Williams, ii. 134. APOSIOPESTIC, belonging to an aposi- opesis, or a sentence left unconcluded. He leapt incontinently up, uttering, as he rose, that interjection of surprise so much descanted upon, with the aposiopestic break after it, marked thus, Z ds. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, iii. 211. APOSTEMATE, imposthume ; abscess. Have you no convulsions, pricking aches, sir, ruptures or apostemates ? Jonson, Fletcher, and Middleton, The Widow, IV. ii. APOSTEMED, corrupted. See APOS- TUMED. Now you see the heart has carried on the contrivance, and from this apostem'd member flows the corruption of atheism. Gentleman Instructed, p. 252. APOSTOLIQUESHIP, holiness (applied to the Pope). Some evill spirit of an heritique it is which thus molesteth his apostoliqticship. ^Vashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 173). AFOSTUMED, corrupted. See APOS- TEMED. There is in both of you, if it were well taken to heart, enough to prick the swelling, and let out the apostnmed matter of pride from a many of us. Andrcwes, i. 161. APOSTYLE APPROACH APOSTYLE, to note in margin (the noun is in Halliwell). He apostyles that article with his own hand, to be shown to this day in the MS. extant in the Vatican Library. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 156. APOTHEOSISE, to deify. O exalted among birds, apotheosized goose ! did not thy heart exult, even when thy liver parched and swelled within thee? Lytton, Pelham, ch. xxii. APPAL, terror. Nor think I but great Hector's spirits will suffer some appall. Chapman, Iliad, xiv. 314. APPASSIONATE, to influence with pas- sion. R. gives appassionated as used by Sidney (Arcadia, bk. ii. p. 210), and seems to think the word peculiar to him, but this is not so. By your hyperbole and many other waies seeking to inveigle and appassionate the mind. Puttenham, Arte of Eiuj. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. vii. APPEALINGNESS, beseechingness. It was ready sympathy that had made him alive to a certain appealinr/ness in her be- haviour towards him. G. Eliot, Daniel De- ronda, ch. xxxv. APPELLATE, to call. One of these old soldiers was what the Spaniards, with the gravity peculiar to their language, call a Caballo Padre; or what some of our own writers, with a decorum not less becoming, appellate an entire horse. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxxxvi. APPLAUD, to congratulate. I liue againe, and applaud myselfe in this happinesse, and wish it might ever continue. Hall, Epistles, Dec. II. Ep. i. Neither speak I of gross sinners, not grafted into Christ ; but even to those that applaud themselves in their holy portion, aud look to be saved. Adams, Works, iii. 89. The covetous, when he hath gotten goods, as if he had gotten the true good, applauds his soul, as if it were the soul of some swine. Ward, Sermons, p. 17. Can I do him all the mischief imaginable, and that easily, safely, and successfully, and so applaud myself in my power, my wit, and my subtle contrivances ? South, Sermons, iii. 113. APPLAUSION, congratulation. The same Musicians came againe with this last part, and greeted them both with a Psalme of new applausions. Puttenham, Arte of Enrj. Poesie, Bk. I. ch. xxvi. APPLE-ARBITER, Paris. Whom her beardless apple-arbiter Decided fairest. Tennyson, Lucretius. APPLE-DRANE, a wasp. H. gives it as n west country word (and the ex- tract is in the Devonshire dialect), but he spells it apple-drone. Leek bullocks stiuged by apple-dranes, Currautin' it about the lanes, Vokes theese way dreaved and that. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 155. APPLE-PIE ORDER, exact order ; per- haps a corruption of cap-cb-pied. I am just in the order which some folks though why I am sure I can't tell you would call apple- pie. Ingoldsly Legends (Old Woman in Grey). APPLE-WIFE, apple woman. The ex- tract will be found more at length ; s. v. BREAD AND CROW. Pomona, the first apple - wife. Nashe Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 168). APPLIANT, obedient. Pharao giving no credit unto Moses, the prophet of God, but appliant unto the lusts of his own heart, what time he heard of the passage of God's people, having no fear or remembrance of God's work, he with his army did prosecute after, intending to de- stroy them. Latimer, i. 86. APPLICATOR, applier. "Tis ridiculous ... to content themselves either with no idoneous physitians and fit medicines, or with such quacking applica- tions and applicators as are no way apt for the work. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 494. APPORTIONATE, to apportion. Those tiptirTnpia, fostering allowances, were due to parents because they were parents, yet by free apportiotiating them according to the duty and wisdom of the children, as they might provide for their own posterity. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 75. APPREND, apprehend. "Wherefore the soul so full Of life, when it raies out, with presse presence Oretakes each outgone beam ; apprends it by advertence. II. More, Sleep of the Soul, ii. 28. APPROACH, a path or drive leading to a house. Miss Edgeworth always italicizes this word, as if it were scarcely a recognized one in this sense. Till the travellers arrived at Vivian Hall, their conversation turned upon trees, and ARC HI VOLT avenues, and serpentine approaches. Miss Edyeworth, Vivian, ch. i. APRONEER, a tradesman or shopman. It seems to have been used contemptu- ously by Cava'iers for the partisans or officials of the Parliament party, many of whom were of humble origin. Shake- speare has "apron-men" (Coriolanus, IV. vi.) ; so has Tom Brown ( Works, iii. 292); and Gauden, p. 244 of the work cited, speaks of " the apron antipathy of a rustick, mechanick, and illiterate breeding " to Church ministers. He is scared with the menaces of some prating Sequestrator or some surly Aproneer. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 238. Every sturdy aproneer Arm'd with battoon did straight appear. D'Urfey, Collin's Walk, caut. 3. APRON-STRING. We still speak of a timid or effeminate person as tied to his mother's apron-string, and this per- haps is the meaning of the proverb given by Udal ; one who has no wisdom of her own, but is entirely dependent on her mother's bidding. The speaker in the second extract is a hen-pecked husband. We say in English, As wise as a gooce, or as wise as her mother's aperen string. UdaVs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 118. He cursed the apron-string tenure, by which he said he held his peace. Richardson, Grandison, iv. 23. A homebred lordliug, who, from the mo- ment he slipped his mother's apron-strinys, had fallen into folly. Miss Edyeu-orth, Helen, ch. viii. AQUA \ITJE MAN, usually meant a seller of drams. N. has it in this sense with references to Jonson and Beaumont and Fletcher ; a more modern instance is subjoined. In the first quotation it means a quack who pretended to sell the elixir of life. I met with a story of an ancient Hebrew, a reverend rabbi, who, that he might the more lively convince the people in his time of their neglect of practice in this excellent grace, put himself into the habit of a mountebank or travelling aqua vitas man, and made proclamation of a sovereign cordial water of life he had to sell. Ward, Sermons, p. 21. We journeyed over Alpine mountains, drenched in clouds, and thought of harlequin again, when he was driving the chariot of the sun through the morning clouds, and so was glad to hear the aqua vita man crying a dram. Walpole, Letters, i. 216 (1749). ARAPHOROSTIC, not stitched (Gr. a, pa0), without a seam). Do you think, because you are as impervi- ous as an araphorostic shoe, that I, John Eusselton, am equally impenetrable ? Lytton, Pelham, ch. xxxiii. ARBALESTRIER, a crossbow-man. The arbalestrief s face, notwithstanding a formidable head, was . . . gay and quiet. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxiv. ARBITRATRIX, arbitress. She is the greatest one knot of strength in the Western world, and for the situation fittest to disjoyn or unite her neighbour forces, and consequently to be arbitratrix and compoundresse of 'auy quarrel that may intervene. Howell, Dodona's Grove, p. 4. No! this is lier prerogative alone Who Arbitratrix sits of Heav'n and Hell. Beaumont, Psyche, xix. 168. ARBOLIST, a cultivator of trees ; an arborist, for which word it may be a misprint (L. gives the subjoined ex- tract ; s. v. arborisf), only in that case it is misprinted again at p. 131. They . . . are rather of the nature of the mulberry, which the arlolists observe to be long in begetting and keeping his buds, but the cold seasons being pass'd, he shoots them all out in a night. Howell, Dodona's Grove, p. 11. ARBOREAL, pertaining to trees. He inferred that the soul of Xerxes must once have animated a plane tree, and re- tained a vivid feeling connected with his arboreal existence. Southey, The Doctor, ch. ccxv. ARCHBISHOPESS, wife of an arch- bishop. Were he Archbishop of Canterbury, and actually at my feet, I would not become archlishopess. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, iv. 245. AROHIEFISCOPALITY, the status of an archbishopric. Offa being dead, down fell the best pillar of Lichfield Church to suport the archiepis- copality thereof Fuller, Ch. Hist.,ll.ni. 39. ARCHITECTURE, to build. This was architecture thus By the great Oceanus. Ktats, FinyaFs Cave. ARCHIVOLT, ornamental band of mould- ings on the face of an arch. The piers are enriched with groupes of small columns supporting arches ornamented with archivolts of mouldings enriched with billeting. Archaol., xii. 164 (1796). ARCHOLOGY ARMURE ARCHOLOGY. See quotation. That which Mr. Blakeslee, with a some- what clumsy pedantry, calls archology, mean- ing the science of government. Saturday Review, 27th October, 1877, p. 530. ARCH UP, to support or exalt. Thus mutually arching up one another, they [the Jesuits] filled the ears of all Papists with loud relations of the transcend- ent industry, piety, learning, of the men of their society. Fuller, Ch. Hist., IX. viii. 19. ARCTED, joined. Thart no doubt a Goddessa, too Phoebus sister, or arcted Too Nymphs in kynred. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 315. ARGUFY, to argue. II. says that he believes he has heard it in the sense of " signify." It clearly has this meaning in the two first extracts, the second of which is from a letter from Dr. Bur- ney. I've done, (she mutter'd) I was saying It did not argufy my playing ; Some folks will win, they can not choose, But, think or not think, some must lose. Shenstone, To a Friend. But what argufies all this festivity ? 'tis all vanity and exhalation of spirit. Mad. D'Arllay, Diary, vi. 41. I have no learning, no, not I, Nor do pretend to argufy. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour II. c. v. ARGUMENTAL, argumentative. Pope is the earliest authority for this word in the Diets. Thus they dispute, guilding their tongues report "With instances and argiimentall sawes. G. Markham, Tragedie of Sir R. Grinuile, p. 49. ARGUMENTATE, to argue : the word is put into the mouth of a pedantic school- master, Nunc are you to argumentate of the quali- fying of their estate first. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 622. ARIANISTICAL, Arian. The eldest had just been baptised, and introduced as a member of the arianistical dipping community, where my master and his family attended. Life of J. Lackington, Letter xxix. A-RING, in circumference. It grew in two orchards of the king's, whereof the greater was twenty days a-ring. Adams, i. 369. ARITHMOCRACY, the rule of numbers, of a majority. A democracy of mere numbers is no de- mocracy, but a mere brute arithmocracy, which is certain to degenerate into an och- locracy, or government by the mob, in which the numbers have no real share. C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, Preface (1854). ARITHMOCRATIC, belonging to an arith- niocracy, q.v. American democracy, being merely arith- mocratic, provides no representation whatso- ever for the more educated and more experi- enced minority, and leaves the conduct of affairs to the uneducated and inexperienced many, with such results as we see. C. Kinystey, Alton Locke, Preface (1862). ARMIGEROUS, bearing arms (heraldic- ally). They belonged to the armigerous part of the population, and were entitled to write themselves Esquire in any bill, quittance, &c. whatsoever. De Quincey, Essays (Bentley). ARM ix ARM. Persons are said to walk arm in arm when the arm of the one is linked in or supported by the arm of the other. To see then this pair [God and Caesar] thus near, thus coupled, thus, as it were, arm 'in arm together, is a blessed sight. Andrewes, v. 130. ARM-IN-ARMLY, in a friendly manner. A clerk who had observed them go out together so arm-in-armly could not believe it amicable, but followed them, and came up just time enough to beat down their swords. Walpole to Mann, i. 258 (1743). ARMING-IRON, fish-hook. He allowed that even Izaak "Walton of blessed memory could not have shown cause for mitigation of the sentence, if Ehadaman- thus and his colleagues in the court below had . . . sewed him, metempsychosized into a frog, to the arming-iron with a fine needle and silk. Southey, The Doctor, ch. ccxii. ARM-STRONG, powerful in the arms. Alcides (the arme-strong darling of the doubled night) by wrastliug with snakes in his swadliug cloutes should prophecie to the world the approaching wonders of his prow- esse. Greene, Menaphon, p. 56. ARMCRE. H. gives this word, with references, as meaning armour, but in the extract it signifies rather armed force. A certain countrie to the ende that it might have quiet and rest, no more to bee vexed with the armure and ordinaunce of Alexander, offred vnto the same a good por- cion of their possessions. Udal't Erasmus?* Apophth.,p. 223. ARRACHEMENT ( 26 ) ASBESTON STONE ARRACHEMENT, excerpt. These precious souls of ours, the very ex- nalations and arrachements, if I may so speak, of the breath of God. Sanderson, i. 184. ARREAR, to raise. K. James. I wish that the doctrine of pre- destination may be tenderly handled, lest on the one side God's Omuipotency be ques- tioned by impeaching the doctrine of His eternal predestination, or on the other side a desperate presumption arreared by inferring the necessary certainty of persisting in grace. Fuller, Ch. Hist., X. i. 20. ARREAR, the rear. Finally the arrear, consisting of between three and four thousand foot, one hundred men at arms, and six hundred light horse, was led by the lord Dacres. Heylin, Reform- ation, i. 92. The 27th day brings in Sir Roger Chomley, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, and Sir Edward Mountague, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas ; the Duke of Suffolk, and Sir John Cheek on the morrow after, shut- ting up the arrear. bid. ii. 83. ARROSE, to bedew. Your day is lengthen'd, and The blissful dew of heaven does arrose you. Tico Noble Kinsmen, V. iv. ARROUND, to surround. Or than Tiburnus woods and orchard- grounds, Moystned with gliding brooke which it arrounds. Heath's Odes of Horace, Bk. I. Ode vii. ARROW, vulgarism for e'er a. I don't believe there is arrow a servant in the house ever saw the colour of his money. Fielding, Tom Jones. Bk. V. ch. viii. I now carries my head higher than arrow private gentlewoman of Vales. Smollett, Humphrey Clinker, i. 126. ARROWLET, a small arrow. As if the flower, That blows a globe of after arrowlets, Ten thousandfold had grown, flash'd the fierce shield All sun. Tennyson, Garcth and Lynette. ART AND PART, a Scotch legal phrase to express complicity, but common now in England. These [dreams] came from the old man which is corrupt (Eph. iv. 22), who had art and part, as the Scottish indictment runs, in all our Bishop's persecutions. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 86. He arose at his leisure, and strolled about the room with as unconcerned an aspect as if nothing had happened amiss, and as though he had neither art nor part in this frightful discomfiture. //. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 6. My Lord Chancellor, You have an old trick of offending us ; And but that you are art and part with us In purging heresy, well we might, for this Your violence and much roughness to the Legate, Have shut you from our counsels. Tennyson, Queen Mary, iii. 4. ARTIFICIOUS, artificial. Salt of a palish or greene colour ; the which by a certaine artificious devise, they boyle untill it bee exceeding white. Hol- land's Camden, p. 268. ARTLY, artificially. A crabstock, if it have a cyen of some delicate apple artly grafted in it, look what branches are suffered to grow out of the stock itself, they will all follow the nature of the stock. Sanderson, i. 431. ARTSHIP, artistic skill. Th' Art ship rare "Which gilds the Seeling of this Globe so fair. Sylvester, The Vocation, 118. ARTS-MAN, an artisan or artificer ; usually the word means an artist or an expert. N. observes that the term is used for artificer in Chapman's Homer, but gives no reference. Like an oak, a poplar, or a pine, New fell'd by arts-man on the"*hills, he stretch'd his form divine Before his horse and chariot. Chapman, Iliad, xvi. 448. As, than. How may the herte be more contryte and meke as whan of very contrycon . . we aske mercy and forgyuenesse of almyghty god ? Up. Fisher, i. 210. I stayed full four months, and never made better cheer in my life as then. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. II. ch. xxxii. Darkness itself is no more opposite to light as their actions were diametricall to their words. Hotcell, Parly of Beasts, p. 48. I rather like him as otherwise. Scott, St. Kenan's Well, ii. 121. ASBEST, Anglicized form of asbestos. See next entry. Th' Arcadian Asbcst being once enflam'd Will ne'er be quencht. Davies, Muse's Sacrifice, p. 52. ASBESTON STONE, a mineral substance which is incombustible. The follow- ing quotation points to another quality which explains its derivation. My mind is like to the asbeston stone, Which, if it once be heat in flames of fire, Denieth to becomen cold again. Greene, Alphonstts, Act II. ASCEASE ASSEMBLE ASCEASE, to assess. Lidford, now a small village, but in ancient time a famous towne, which .... (as it is written in that booke whereby William the First tooke the survey and value of England) was not wont to be rated and asceased at any other time, nor otherwise than London was. Holland's Camden, p. 199. ASEITY, independent existence, i. e. a se. Tell me then, by what mysterious light have you discovered that aseity is entail'd on matter ? Gentleman Instructed, p. 425. ASIDE, distant. Whose worke this was the tiles there did declare, being imprinted with these words, Legio XX., that is the twentieth legion, which, as I have shewed already before, abode at Chester, scarce sixe miles aside from hence. Holland's Camden, p. 681. ASKED. Persons whose banns are put up are said to be asked, or asked in Church : on the third publication they are said to be asked out. See OUTASKED. He is commonly called King Edward the Fifth, though his head was ask'd, but never married to the English Crown ; and there- fore in all the Pictures made of him, a dis- tance interposed forbiddeth the banes be- twixt them. Fuller, Worthies, Westminster (ii. 105). ASKER, a species of newt. Tho' the anguish had the sensation of glowing heat, it might, notwithstanding that, be a bite as well as a burn ; and if so, possibly a newt, or asker, or some such detested rep- tile had crept up, and was fastening his teeth. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, iii. 210. ASKIXGLY, with an entreating manner. How askitigly its footsteps hither bend ! It seems to say, "And have I then one friend? " Coleridge, To a Young Ass. ASLEEP, numbed : in the second quotation it = stunned. His legge, flagging down by the horse's syde, by litle and litle was all aslepe, and in maner sterke stife. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 235. So saying, she ups with her brawny arm, and gave Susy such a douse on the side of the head as left her fast asleep for an hour and upward. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 82. ASLOPEN, asleep. The Major first began to open, And rouse up Collin half aslopen. D'Urfey, Collin's Walk, cant. 1. ASMEAR, smeared over. So I came into Smithfield, and the shame- ful place, being all asmear with filth, and fat, and blood, and foam, seemed to stick to me. Dickens, Great Expectations, ch. xx. ASPECTOR, beholder. Huge Lyons, Dragons, Panthers, and the like, That in th' aspectors harts doe terror strike. Daisies, An Extasie. ASPER, a Turkish coin of small value : its equivalent in English money is some- what variously estimated in the follow- ing extracts. Every five men had allowance of but five aspers of bread in a day, which are but two- pence English. Sanders, Voyage to Tripoli, 1584 (Arler, English Garner, ii. 20). Aspers, whereof twentie are neare vpon a shilling. Sandys, Travels, p. 27. The foolish paltry fellow Shew'd me some trifles, and demanded of me, For what I valued at so many aspers, A thousand ducats. Massinger, Renegado, i. 3. ASQUAT, in a cowering or huddled up manner. In the extract the word seems to be used rather in invidiam than with any very definite meaning. There was the odious Solmes sitting asquat between my mother and sister. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, i. 101. ASSASSINI. The earliest instance of assassin in the Diets, is from Bacon, and somewhat later than the subjoined, where the word still has a foreign dress ; and is moreover used of those Saracen fanatics from whom the more general application of the term has been derived. Conrade . . . was murthered by two assas- sini. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 100. ASSEIZE, to seize. Then laid they violent hands upon him ; next Himself imprisoned, and his goods asseized. Marlowe, Edw. II., i. 2. ASSEMBLATION, gathering. The time and place of the assemllation was generally notified, as also what learned divine was to preach the funeral sermon. North, Examen. p. 204. ASSEMBLE, to compare or liken. Bribes may be assembled to pitch. Lati- mer, i. 188. Consider how those preachers throughout all this book are compared unto stars and angels. . . . The other be assembled unto most filthy locusts. Bale, Select Works, p. 379. ASSEVERATORY ( 28 ) AST V CIO US ASSEVEBATORY, positively affirming. After divers warm and assevcratory answers made by Mr. Atkins, the captain stopped short in his walk. North, Examen, p. 247. ASSIEGEB, besieger : the verb is in the Diets. Yet (tracting time) he thought he would prouide No lesse to keep, then coole th' assiegers pride. Hudson, Judith, iii. 254. ASSISOB, one who fixes the rate at which things are to be sold. Daniel (Hist, of Eng., p. 169) mentions "false assisors " among those against whom the writ of Trailbaston was issued. See extract, s. v. TRAILBASTON. ASSOCIATE TO, associate with. They associate the ideas of pain to those lessons and virtues which the pleasure of encouragement ought alone to inculcate. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 110. ASSOIL, solution. "We dissemble againe vnder couerb and darke speaches, when we speake by way of ritldle (enigma), of which the sence can hardly be picked out, but by the parties owne assoile. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xviii. ASSUBTILE, to refine. They came by instinct diuine, and by deepe meditation, and much abstinence (the same assuMiling and refining their spirits) to be made apt to receaue visions, both wak- ing and sleeping, which made them vtter prophesies, and fortell things to come. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, Bk. I. ch. iii. ASTERIAL, having to do with the stars. If the deep learn'd asterial quacks Paint Time to life In almanacks, He has on brow a lock of hair, But all his head beside is bare. Ward, England's Reformation, p. 293. ASTERISK, a star or shape of a star: usually confined to that mark in print- ing or writing. The lauthorn is in the centre of an asterisk of glades, cut through the wood of all the country round, four or five in a quarter. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 258. ASTERISK, to mark with an asterisk. I need not asterisk the quaint words and expressions : they stand forth and shew them- selves. North, Examen, p. 279. ASTORGY, want of natural affection. See Rom. i. 31 ; 2 Tim. iii. 3, in the Greek. Astorgy in the extract is per- sonified. Upon an Ostrich, more unnatural Than barbarous She, rode meagre Astorgy, Vowing aloud to tear in sunder all Those cords with which true Love delights to tie The Souls of Parents and of Children, and Shatter the links of every Nuptial Band. Beaumont, Psyche, xxii. 107. ASTOUNDMENT, astonishment. Lamb uses the word again in the essay on " Mackery End." What a collegiate aspect has that fine Elizabethan hall where the fountain plays, which I have made to rise and fall, how many times ! to the astoundment of the young urchins, my contemporaries. Elia, Old Benchers of Inner Temple. ASTRACISM, starriness. If Jove, esteeming me too good for earth, Raise me to match the fair Aldeboran, Above the threefold ostracism of heaven. Marlowe, 2 Tamb., iv. 4. ASTBAY, to stray away. As oft as they astraid From God their guide, He on their shoulders laid The barbare rock of Moab. Hudson's Judith, ii. 352. ASTROITE. See extract. At Laffington near Gloucester are found certain stones about the breadth of a silver peny and thickness of an half-crown, called astroites, or star-stones, being fine pointed like a star and flat. They are of a greyish colour, and the flat sides are naturally finely engraven, as it were. Defoe, Tour thro' Great Britain, ii. 326. ASTROLATRY, star-worship. To this succeeded astrolatry in the East, and geolatry in the West. Cox, Mythol. of Aryan Nations, i. 95. ASTROLOGISE, to consider the various motions and conjunctions, &c., as an astrologer does with the stars. I have elsewhere astrologised this case of the faction prevailing at Oxford. North, Examen. p. 301. ASTROLOGUE, astrologer. Cf. phi- lologue, theologue, &c., which are in the Diets. For I am a Physician too, Chymistry know profoundly well, An Aztrnlogue infallible. D'Urfey, Plague of Impertinence. ASTCCIOUS, astute ; subtle. Fr. as- tucieux. Is the word, as an English one, peculiar to Scott ? Louis, . . like all astuciovs persons, was as desirous of looking into the hearts of others ASTUCITY ATTENTATION. as of concealing his own. Scott, Quentin Durward, i. 170. It was indeed natural that one who seldom saw things according to their real forms and outlines should view them according to the light in which they were presented to him by a bold and astucious man, possessing the claim of such near relationship. Ibid., Fair Maid of Perth, ii. 59. ASTUCITY, astuteness. Consider Maximiliea Robespierre . . . with- out head, without heart, or any grace, gift, or even vice beyond common, if it were not vanity, astucity, diseased rigour (which some count strength) as of a cramp. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 65. Polymetis at any rate folds his map toge- ther, and flings himself on bed, resolved to try on the morrow morning; with astucity, with swiftness, with audacity. Ibid., Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. I. ch. iii. ASYLUM, a place for the reception of lunatics. This sense is riot in the Diets. S. Pegge in 1785 (ArckceoL, viii. 44) says, " The name asylum has been of late revived," and applied in this way. ATABALLES, kettle-drums. From the Moors' camp the noise grows louder still, Rattling of armour, trumpets, drums, and ataballes. Dryden, Spanish Fryar, I. i. ATAGHAN, a scimitar. More often written yataghan. The other seeks his ataghan, And clasps its jewell'd hilt. Oh ! much of gore in days of yore That crooked blade has spilt. Hood, The Key. ATHEIST. The earliest authority for atheist or atheism given in the Diets, is Bacons Essays ; the extract seems to imply that in Ascham's time the word still wore its Greek dress, though it was in not uncommon use. They plainly declare of whose schole, of what religion they be : that is, Epicures in living and "AQtoi in doctrine. This last word is no more unknown now to plain Englishmen than the person was unknown some time in England, until some English- man took pains to fetch that devilish opinion out of Italy. Ascham, Schoolmaster, p. 90. ATHIT. The reading in the edition of 1577 is at hyt. Mavor explains it " ill-breeders." Wright, Prov. Diet., "ill-conditioned." No storing of pasture with baggedglie tit, "With ragged, with aged, and euil aihit. Tusser, Husbandrie, p. 35. ATLANTIC, strong as Atlas. Milton has Atlantean. Bearing an ensign in a mimick fight upon your atlantick shoulders. T. Brown, Works, ii. 180. ATOMISTICAL, relating to atoms. The atomistical hypothesis is that which refers the origin of matter to a fortui- tous concurrence of atoms. The atomistical hypothesis does not weaken the force of my reason ; notwithstanding I must tell you a wise man will not easily believe that dull and dead atoms are able to frame a living creature. Gentleman Instruct' ed, p. 427. ATONY, want of tone. The cause of Kant's death was . . the aton of the digestive organs. De Quincey, Last Days of Kant. ATRIP. Sails are said to be atrip when hoisted to the top of the mast, as high as possible. A sail ! a sail ! I plainly spy, Betwixt the ocean and the sky ; An argosy, a tall built ship, With all her pregnant sails atrip. Cotton, Winter, 1689 (Eng. Garner, i. 216) ATROCE, atrocious. The prodigious vanity and nonsense as well as atroce wickedness of these doings are not describable but by the very remains which the authors themselves have left of them. North, Examen, p. 258. Let me take a turn or two of reflection upon this most atroce machine. Ibid. p. 39.2. ATTEMPTLESS, without trying. Why then, Casane, shall we wish for aught The world affords in greatest novelty, And rest attemptless, faint, and destitute ? Marlowe, 1 Tamburlaine, ii. 5. ATTEND, attendance. Boast, petty kings, and glory in your fates, That stars have made your fortunes climb so high, To give attend on Rasni's excellence. Greene, Looking Glass for England, I. i. ATTENDRESS, female attendant. Ful- ler is somewhat tautologous in speak- ing of " a female attendress" A female Attendress at the Table, neglect- ing other Gentlemen which sat higher, and were of greater Estates, applyed herself wholly to him. Fuller, Worthies, Somerset (ii. 287). ATTENTATION, temptation. What can be so quicksighted as the Devil, that spies the first spark of attentation, and blows it into a flame ? Racket, Life of Wil- liams, i. 99. ATTRIST ( 3 ) A UTHOR ATTRIST, to sadden. I am full of all these reflections, but shall not attrift you with them. Walpole, Letters, iii. 382 (1771). How then could I write when it was im- possible but to attrist you ! when I could speak of nothing but unparalleled horrors. Ibid. iv. 525 (1793). AT TWICE, after two trials. Please but your worship three drops of the rich now water with To take you, I'll undertake your man shall cure you, sir, At twice i' your own chamber. Jonson, Fletcher, and Middleton, The Widow, iv. 2. AUDITION. Walpole says of the Cock Lane Ghost, which did not mani- fest itself except by knockings. I went to hear it, for it is not an appari- tion, but an audition. Letters, ii. 333 (1762). AUDITIVE, hearing. It sometimes falleth out that a man hears not a great sound or noise, though it be nigh him. The reason is, his heart is fixed, and busily taken up in some object, . . . and the ears, like faithful servants, attending their master, the heart, lose the act of that audit- ive organ by some suspension, till the heart hath clone with them and given them leave. Adams, i. 265. AUGUSTEITY, augustness ; majesty. Too little it was belike to be styled by ordiuary parasites the shepherd of shepherds, spouse and head of the Church, oecumenical bishop, prince of priests, unless he might be advanced above all Auyusteity and Deity in this most hyperbolical manner. Ward, Ser- mons, p. 5. AUGUSTIOUS, august. He knew these augustious preparations would be ridiculously disappointed. Hacktt, Life of Williams, i. 169. AURAL, pertaining to the ear. That aural acquaintance with Latin phrases which the unlearned might pick up from pulpit quotations constantly interpreted by the preacher, could help them little when they saw written Lathi. G. Eliot, Romola, ch. Ixiii. AURIFIC, gold-making. This opinion, however, was in part changed, in consequence of some experiments made with an aurific powder given him by a stranger. Southey, The Doctor, ch. clxxxvi. AURIGATION, chariot-driving. (Lat.) If a man indulges in the vicious habit of sleeping, all the skill in aurigation of Apollo himself, with the horses of Aurora to execute his notions, avail him nothing. De Quincey* Eng. Mail-coach. AURORAL, pertaining to the morning ;' bright. What a scene and new kingdom for him, all bathed in auroral radiance of hope. . . . They are all a delusion and piece of demonic necromancy, these same auroral splendours. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 115 (1837). AUTARCHY, self-sufficiency. See L., who gives an instance from Valentines Sermons, 1635, but doubts whether it means self-sufficiency or self-govern- ment ; on the whole he decides in fa- vour of the former, despite the spelling. The following examples from contempo- rary authors show that he is right. You that so composed your lives by jejune and empty contemplations of an autarchy in virtue by the rules of nature, what stately lives would you have led and lived, if the grace and hopes of the gospel had appeared to you by the rules of faith. Ward, Ser- mons, p. 28. [Conscience is] in man the principal part of God's image, and that by which man re- sembleth most the autarchy and self-suffici- ency of God. Ibid. p. 98. Some averre that as the Germans (affect- ing an autarchy or sole-sufficiency amongst themselves,) disdained commerce in customes or civile government with the Romans, so they communicated not with them in their religion. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. i. 6. AUTHENTIC, the original. Which letter in the copy his Lordship read over, and carried the authentic with him. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 24." Had he put them out to the Bank by pro- curing several copies to be transcribed, learn- ing thereby had been a gainer and a saver, had he onely secured the originals ; whereas now her losse is irrecoverable : principal! and interest, authenticks and transcripts, are all imbezzled. Fuller, Ch. Hist., I. vi. 9. AUTHENTIC, forming a precedent. A signal professor can not perish without a train, and in his very destruction his ex- ample is authentick. South, Sermons, iii. 160. A spreading atheism and domineering, reigning sensuality, sins now made national and authentick. Ibid. iii. 351. AUTHOR. N. says that Chapman fre- quently uses this verb ; L. gives quota- tion from Beaumont and Fletcher ; and R. mentions that Chapman and Beaumont and Fletcher employ it, as though such use were confined to them. In all the passages cited in the Diets, it means to cause or originate, and this is its mean- ing in the first of the subjoined ex- A UTHORISM AVOUCHABLE tracts ; but in the second it signifies "to vouch for," " to be authority for ; " and in the third authoring = literary authorship. The consonancie of the names [Liscare] or trechery of the people hath authored the re- port that Iscariot was here borne. Sandys, Travels, p. 250. Some tricks and crotchets he has in his head, As all musicians have, and more of him I dare not author. Massinger, Fatal Doicry, iv. 2. There are, besides these more obvious benefits, several others which our readers enjoy from this art of dividing ; though per- haps most of them too mysterious to be presently understood by any who are not initiated into the science of authoring. Fielding, Jos. Andrews, Bk. II. ch. i. AUTHORISM, sense of being an author. He [Burke] is a sensible man, but has not worn off his authorism yet, and thinks there is nothing so charming as writers, and to be m&. Walpole, Letters, ii. 269 (1761). AUTHORSHIPS ESS, condition of being an author. Of this I have been sensible from the mo- ment my authorshipness was discovered. Mad. D'ArMay, Diary, i. 240. AUTOKIN'ETICAL, self-moving. Self-moving substance, that be th' definition Of souls, that 'longs to them in generall. Therefore the soul's autokineticall Alone. H. More, Immortality of the Soul, I. ii.25,26. AUTOMATISED, made into an automa- ton. A god-created man, all but abnegating the character of man ; forced to exist, automa- tised, mummy wise (scarcely in rare moments audible or .visible from amid his wrappers and cerements) as Gentleman or Gigman. Carlyle, Diamond Necklace, ch. i. AUTOMATORY. See quotation. They made the water go from one glass to another, and contrived a thousand little automatory engines, that is to say, moving of themselves. Urquliarfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxiv. AUTOPATHY "denotates (says More) the being self-strucken ; to be sensible of what harms us, rather than what is absolutely evill." Base fear proceeds from weak autopathy. H. More, Life of the Soul, iii. 66. AUTORIAL, pertaining to an author. How delicate and graceful are the transi- tions from subject to subject! a point se- verely testing the an torial power. E. A Poe, Marginalia, cvi. AUTOTHEIST, one who is his own god. He begins to mistake more and more the voice of that very flesh of his, which he fan- cies he has conquered, for the voice of God, and to become, without knowing it, an auto- theist. C. Kingsley, Letter, Dec. 26, 1855. AUTUMNIAN, autumnal. The boughes . . withered, and, like autum- nian leaves, dropt to the ground. Decker, Seven Deadly Sins, p. 11. AUXILIAR, an auxiliary : usually an adj. I hail you my auxiliars and allies. Taylor, Ph. van Artevelde, Pt. II. v. i. AVALANCHE. The earliest example in L. of this now well-known word is from Byron. Smollett spells it VALANCHE, q. V. AVAROUS, avaricious. Richardson and Latham give this word, but no example more recent than Gower ; it was, how- ever, frequently used by Adams more than 200 years later. A whole country will not content one avarous caterpillar. Adams, i. 79. The very fool of all is the avarous, for he will lose his friends, starve his body, damn his soul, and have no pleasure for it. Ibid. i. 249. AVOCATION, that which calls us away from something else. The word is so often misused as synonymous with vocation (see Hall's Modern English, p. 214), that it seems worth while to give the two quotations following. Heaven is his vocation, and therefore he counts earthly employments avocations. Fuller, Holy State, Bk. IV. ch. ix. Though she could neither sleep nor rest in her bed, yet, having no avocation from it, she was found there by her father at his return. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. VI. ch. xiii. AVOSET, a bird with a long beak curiously curved back at the end, and with pied plumage : it has become rare in England. Gone are ruffs and reeves, spoonbills, bit- terns, avosets ; the very snipe, one hears, disdains to breed. C. Kingsley, 1830 (Life, i.8). AVOUCHABLE, incontrovertible. The darkness of her face here is as avouch- alle as the brightness of her clothes else- where. Fuller, Pisgah Sight, IV. v. 25. The most avouchable evidence of Chris- tianity flourishing in this island in this age is produced from the Bishops representing AVOWANCE ( 32 ) BABILON1CALLY Britain in the Councills of Aries . . . Nice . . . Sardis . . . Ariminum. Ibid., Ch. Hist., I. iv. 20. AVOWANCE, avowal ; evidence. la avcncance of [its having civil privileges] it showeth more Burrow-townes then auy Shire (though thrice as big) lying in the kingdome of Mercia. Fuller, Worthies, Sucks (i. 151). AVUNCULAR, pertaining to an uncle. Clive, in the avuncular gig, is driven over the downs to Brighton, to his maternal aunt there. Thackeray, Niwcomes, ch. v. Clive had passed the avuncular banking- house in the city, without caring to face his relations there. Hid. ch. xl. AVUNCULIZE, to follow or imitate an uncle. Seeing he was sister's son to blackmouth'd Sanders, it is much that he doth not more avunculize in his bitterness against Protest- ants. Fuller, Worthies, Hants (i. 414). AWARD, to avert, ward off. See H. In his Raign a supplication was preferred that the Temporal Lauds given to pious uses, but abusively spent, might have been seized to the King. This was wisely awarded by Chichley, Arch-bishop of Canterbury, by putting the King on the design of recover- ing France. Fuller, Worthies, Radnor (ii. 603). AWAREDOM, caution. I am glad you are aware of Mrs. Pitt ; pray continue yonr aicarcdom. Walpole to Mann, iii. 64 (1754). AWBE, a bullfinch ; called also an alp or alph (?). Canara byrds come in to beare the bell, And goldfinches do hope to get the gole ; The tatling Awbe doth please some fancie wel, And some like best the byrde as black as cole. Gascoigne, Philomene, 35. AWED, dreaded. Could Sampson have been firmly bound hand and foot by the Philistine cords, so as he could not have stirred those mighty limbs of his, what boy or girl of Gath or Ascalon would have feared to draw near, and spurn that awed champion ? Hall, Invisible World, Bk. III. sect. iii. AXIER, axis. Thy hands the axierio maintain my world. Greene, Looking Glass for London, p. 136. AXINOMANCY. See extract. [Jet] was moreover employed in the form of divination called axinomancy. Laid on a hatchet made hot, it was stated not to con- sume if the desires of the consulting party were destined to be fulfilled. Arch., xliii. 517 (1870). AXLESS, without an axle. The word should be axleless, but this would not suit the metre. 'Tis a wondrous thing to see that mighty mound Hingeless and axless turn so swiftly round. Sylvester, Little Bartas, 264. AYLES, the beards of corn. H. gives it as an Essex word. These twice-six colts had pace so swift, they ran Upon the top-ayles of corn-ears, nor bent them any whit Chapman, Iliad, xx. 211. AZURE, to make blue. The Diets, only give the past participle. Who azur'd the firmament ? Who enamel'd the meadows with a thousand different flowers ? Gentleman Instructed, p. 394. B BAALIST, a worshipper of Baal : applied in the first extract to Papists, in the second to Anglicans. And lastly, too, Tobacco's smoakie-mists, Which (comming from Iberian Baalists) No small addition of Adustion fit Bring to the smoak of the Unbottom'd Pit. Sylvester, Tobacco Battered, 190. We went to the Minster, when the pipes played, and the puppets sange so sweetely, that some of our soildiers could not forbeare dauncing in the holie quire, whereat the Baallists were sore displeased. Lttter from Neh. Warton, 1642 (Arch., xxxv. 332). BABBLE. Hounds are said to babble "if too busie after they have found a good scent," Gent. Rec., p. 78. See H. Oft when I rise at early morn, And hear the cheerful echoing horn, I'm forc'd from the inspiring noise To hunt a pack of idle boys ; And when they babble in their din, I am a special whipper-in. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour I. c. xxi. BABESIIIP, infancy. He had not euen from his tendre babeship been nousled in the preceptes of philosophie. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 194. BABILONICALLT, sumptuously, refer- BABOONERY ( 33 ) BACK-SCRATCHER ring to the splendour of Babylon. Cf. CLEOPATRICAL. O ! he is attended upon most SaMlonically ; and Xerxes so overcloyd not the Hellespont with his foystes, gallies, and brigandiues, as he mantleth the narrow seas with his retinue. Nashe, Lenten Stujfe (Harl. Misc., vi. 162). BABOONERY, assemblage of baboons. On the other side of the Rocke grewe a Groue, in whose vtmostpart appear'd a vast, wither'd and hollow tree, being the bare re- ceptacle of the Bdboonerie. Chapman, Masque of Mid. Temple. BABOONISH, like a baboon. He had a dingy bronze complexion, tawny eyes, tolerable teeth, and a long, wrinkled, smirking, baboonish physiognomy. Miss Ferrier, inheritance, Vol. I. ch. ii. BABY. To smell of the baby = to be childish. There are some that in their childhood are so long in their home booke that, doe what they can, they will smell of the Baby till they can not see to read. Breton, Courtier and Countryman, p. 9. BACHELORHOOD, bachelorship. I can fancy nothing more cruel after a long easy life of bachelorhood than to have to sit day after day with a dull handsome woman opposite. Tliackeray, The Ne incomes, ch. xl. Sir Hugo in his bachelorhood had been be- guiled into regarding children chiefly as a product intended to make life more agreeable to the full grown. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. lix. BACHELORIZE, to be or act as a bachelor. Jarvis says in a note, " A word made on purpose, answerable to the original bacMllear. I am a Salamanca bachelor of arts, and there is no bacheloriziny beyond that. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. vii. BACHELOR'S FARE. See quotation. Lady Ans. Colonel, some ladies of your acquaintance have promised to breakfast with you, and I am to wait on them ; what will you give us ? Col. Why, faith, Madam, bachelor's fare, bread and cheese and kisses. Swift, Polite Conversation, Conv. i. BACHELRY. Bachelry intention = intention of remaining a bachelor. He holding place and estimation as heir of Arcadia, obtained me of my father, the King of Argos, his brother helping to the conclu- sion with protesting his batchelry intention. Sidney, A rcadia, p. 237. BACK. Give the back = to leave. Had even Obstinate himself but felt what I have felt of the powers and terrors of what is yet unseen, he would not thus lightly have given us the back. Bunyaii, Pilyrim's Pro- gress, Pt. I. p. 10. BACK-BROKEN, with a broken back ; over-heavily weighted. H. refers to Florio for back-break. Cf. BREAK- BACK. How best the Sonne should bear an empire's lode (Which weaknesse oft back-broken vnder- goes). Davies, Microcosinos, p. 16. BACKERMOST, furthest back. Cf. HIGIIERMOST. The extract is from the Churchwardens' Accounts at Minching- hampton, 1669. Two seat roomes in the gallery at Hampton in the backer most seat. Arch., xxxv. 449. BACK-HAND, a term at tennis. Lady Betty. Nay, my lord, there's no standing against two of you. L. Fop. No, faith, that's odds at tennis, my lord ; not but if your ladyship pleases, I'll endeavour to keep your back-hand a little, tho' upon my soul you may safely set me up at the line. Gibber, Careless Husband, Act IV. What ! are you there to keep up her back- hand, Mr. Freeport ?Colman, Ewj. Merchant, Act IV. BACK-HANDED, remiss. Modesty ... is often the most beggarly and back-handed friend that merit can have in its pay. Godtcin, Mandeville, ii. 180. BACK-HEAD, false hair at the back of the head. I thought of poor Mrs. Penelope Arby you all know her. I saw her in imagination sur- rounded with parrots and lapdogs ! So spring- like at past fifty, with her pale pink lustring and back-head. Richardson, Grandison, vii. 223. BACKLOAD, a good load ; as much as can be carried on the back. It came into my mind, that to arrive at universal holiness all at once, I would take a journey into the Holy Land, and so would return home with a backload of sanctimony. Bailey's Erasmus, p. 182. BACKSCRAPER, back-scratcher, q. v. Chopsticks and backscrajws are curious things. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 238. BACK-SCRATCHER, an instrument for scratching parts of the back that might be otherwise inaccessible : the end of it was in the shape of a hand. An article on these instruments, with illus- trations, will be found in Chambers's Book of Days, ii. 238. D BACKSTONE ( 34 ) BAG There was also a head of Indian corn there, and a backscratcher, of which the hand was ivory, and the handle black. Southey, The Doctor, ch. iv. BACKSTONE, a stone to bake oat-cakes on. See H., s. v. " As nimble as a cat on a hot bakston " is a north-country proverb. The oats, oh the oats, and the silver, silver oats ! Here's to the oats with the backstone on the board ! We'll go among them when the barley has been laid in rotes : When all is home to mow-yard, we'll kneel and thank the Lord. Exmoor Harvest Sony (Lorna Doone, ch. xxix.) BACKSTRING, a leading string behind, by which the nurse or mother guided the child. Even misses, at whose age their mothers wore The backstring and the bib, assume the dress Of womanhood. Cowper, Winter Evening, 227. BACK-TIMBER, clothes. Was there ever more riot and excess in diet and clothes, in belly-cheer and lack- timber, than we see at this day ?I>p. Hall, Works, v. 543. BACK WINTER, frost after the regular winter has passed. This and every towne hath its back winters or frostes that nippe it in the blade (as not the clearest sunneshine but hath his shade, and there is a time of sicknes as well as of health) : the lackewinter, the froste biting, the eclipse of shade and sicknesse of Yar- mouth was a great sicknesse or plague in it 1348. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 152). BACON-HOG, a specially fat hog fit for bacon. In the original, Erasmus speaks of Acarnanian pigs, which were the sleekest kind. My followers are smooth, plump, and buxom, and altogether as lusty as so many bacon-hoys or sucking calves. Kennet, Eras- mus's Praise of Folly, p. 17. BACONIZE, to turn into bacon. He hath not learnt That pigs were made for man, born to be brawn'd And baconized. Southey, Nondescripts, iv. BACON-SLICER, a clown, though the note says it is strictly a braggadocio or vapourer. If he have not a better judgement, a better discourse, and that expressed in better terms than your son, with a completer carriage and civility to all manner of persons, account me for ever hereafter a very clounch and bacon- slicer of Brene. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xv. BADGE. Mr. Grosart suggests that the word in the extract may mean " procuring forfeited estates by beg- ging." BADGER, q. Y., is a retailer of corn. Such had not always a very good reputation for honesty. Perhaps Davies means, " some follow her [For- tune] by forestalling or regrating the produce of the land." His marginal note is " Land badgers." Some others followed her by badging land. Davies, Humour's Heaven on Earth, p. 37. BADGER, a huckster ; retailer. See BAJULATE. The wealth of this town consisteth much in buying of corne, and selling it againe to the mountaines ; for all the inhabitants be as it were a kinde of hucksters or badgers. Holland's Camden, p. 555. BADGER. To overdraw ones badger is, according to Hood, slang for over- drawing one's banking account. His checks no longer drew the cash. Because, as his comrades explain'd in flash, He had overdrawn his badger. Hood, Miss Kilmansegg. BADGERLY, aged (?). We say, gray as a badger. I always think when I see those badgerly virgins fond of a parrot, a squirrel, a monkey, or a lapdog, that their imagination makes out husband and children in the animals. Richardson, Grandison, v. 300. BADMINTON, a species of compounded drink, so named from the Duke of Beaufort's place, where it had its origin. Here . . . the cares or enterprises of life are soothed or stimulated by fragrant cheroots or beakers of Badminton. Disraeli, Lothair, ch. xxx. BAFFLE, to trifle ; to make much ado about nothing. The vexatious side baffled before the master, as long as he could, upon trifles, keeping back the true points. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 78. BAG, applied apparently to a quantity of water which had been confined as in a bag. A servant brought him a letter wherein was an account of a bay of water, which was broke in his greatest colliery. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 268. BAG ( 35 ) BALANCE BAG, to put in a bag. See extract. They [the Welsh] had a kind of play wherein the stronger who prevailed put the weaker into a sack ; and hence we have bor- rowed our English by-word to express such betwixt whom there is apparent odds of strength, " He is able to put him up in a Bagge." Fuller, Worthies, Cardigan (ii. 579). BAGATELLO, a trifle. It doth not become the children of God . . so to please themselves with toyes and baga- telloes as to neglect their meat. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 102. BAG-FOX, a fox turned out of a bag to be hunted. Thus the bag-fox, (how cruelly, alack !) Turned out with turpentine upon his back, Amidst the war of hounds and hunters flies ; Shows sport ; but, luckless, by his fragrance dies. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 187. To have a sort of l>ag-fox to turn out, when fresh game cannot be had, is an enjoy- ment which most of my readers have doubt- less experiened. Miss Ferrier, Inheritance, Vol. I. ch. x. BAGGAGE, stuff; rubbish. We still speak of bad liquor as "loaded." Gas- coigne reckons it as among the signs of an impossible golden age "When brewers put no bagage in their beere. The Steele Glas, p. 79. For throughe cruditye and lacke of perfect concoction in the stomacke is engendred great abundance of naughty baggage and hurtfull phlegme. Touchstone of Complex- ions, p. 118. BAGGAGE, worthless. The substan- tive, applied contemptuously to a woman, is common. In the second quotation there is a comma at baggage ; I think by a mistake ; if not, baggage is a substantive, and means rubbish. Booth himself confest, in the hearing of those witnesses, that Pregion had nothing to do with that baggage woman. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii . 123. For four cellars of wine, syder, ale, beer, with wood, hay, corn, and the like, stored up for a year or two, he gave not account of six- pence, but spent it upon baggage, and loose franions. Ibid. ii. 128. BAGONET, to bayonet ; or as a sub- stantive. In the first quotation it is not meant as a vulgarism; in the second, where the word is a substantive, Mr. Sam Weller is the speaker. I came not into the world to be cannon- aded or lagonetted out of it. Gentleman In- structed, p. 535. Now, genTmen, fall on, as the English said to the French when they fixed bayyi- nets. Pickwick Papers, ch. xix. BAGS, breasts. But cursed cruell be those wicked Hags "Whom poysonous spight, envy, and hate have won T 'abhorred sorcery, whose writhled bags Fould fiends oft suck, and nestle in their loathsome rags. H. More, Pre-existence of the Soul, st. 47. BAILS, hoops to bear up the tilt of a boat. An act of Parliament passed in 1736-7 . . . prohibits close Decks and Bails nailed down in the Wherries. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Bri- tain, i. 143. BAJULATE, to carry. Lat. bajulare. Fuller puts in margin, " Hence bagers,' i. e. BADGERS, q. v. The gentry of this county well content themselves in the very badness of passage therein, as which secureth their provisions at reasonable prices ; which, if mended, Hig- glers would mount, as bajulating them to London. Fuller, Worthies, Sussex (ii. 381). BAKER-KNEED. Grose says, "one whose knees knock together in walk- ing, as if kneading dough." His voice had broken to a gruffish squeak, He had grown blear-eyed, baker-kneed, and gummy. Colman, Poetical Vagaries, p. 13. BAKER-LEGGED, same as BAKER- KNEED, q. v. Msop . . was . . flat-uos'd, hunch-back'd, blabber-lipp'd ; a long misshapen head ; his body crooked all over, big-belly'd, baker- legg'd, and his complexion so swarthy that he took his very name from 't ; for .2Esop is the same with jEthiop. I? Estrange, Life of JEsop. BALAAM-BASKET, or BOX, an editor's receptacle for articles unfit for insertion. The term (the allusion is obvious) seems to have originated with Black- wood's Magazine. An Essay for the Edinburgh Review, in " the old unpolluted English language," would have been consigned by the editor to his balaam-basket. Hall, Modern English, p. 17. BALANCE, balances ; scales. We are not angry with the clarke of the market if he come to our stall, and reprooue our ballance when they are faultie. Gossan, Schoole of Abuse, p. 54. Are there balance here to weigh The flesh ? Shakespeare, Mer. of Venice, IV. i. Ermensewl, that is, the pillar or stay of the poor, pictured with a banner in one hand D 2 BALANITE ( 36 ) BAN BURY GLOSSES with a red rose, in the other a pair of lal- lance Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. i. 6. BALANITE, a species of gem: per- haps the carbuncle or the Balais ruby. Ducange quotes from Rymer, v. 30 : " Unum scrinium auri . . . garnitum de saphiris . . Balanitibus et aliis petrariis." A garland braided with the flowry folds Of yellow citrons, turn-sols, mary-golds, Beset with bal'nites, rubies, chrysolites, The royall Bride-groom's radiant brows be- dights. Sylvester, The Magnificence, 1016. BALBUTIENT, stammering ; lisping. I have with tongue balbutient Prattled to th' weaker ear. H. More, Sleep of the Soul, iii. 24. BALDARE (?). The extract is the translation of " ea cura quietos solli- citat." Theire brayns vnquieted with this baldare be buzing. Stanyhurst, *tEn., iv. 400. BALDICOOT, bald coot. The name of this bird is applied to the monks on account of their shaven crowns. This comes of your princesses, that turn the world upside down, and demean them- selves to hob and nob with these black baldi- coots. Kiwjsley, Saint's Tragedy, iii. 4. BALDRIB. H. (who gives no exam- ple) says, "Not the same as the spare- rib, as generally stated, which has fat and lean, and is cut off the neck. The baldrib is cut lower down, and is de- void of fat ; hence the name, according to Minsheu." In the first extract it is applied to a thin and lanky Puritan. Faith, thou art such a spring baldrib, all the mistresses in the town will never get thee up. Middleton, Mayor of Quinborouyh, Act III. AYho in all forms Of pork, baked, roasted, toasted, boil'd, or broil'd ; Leg, bladebone, baldrib, griskin, chine, or chop, Profess myself a genuine Philopig. Southey, To A. Cunningham. BALK, a beam or rafter. See the Diets. ; but they have no instance later than Fairfax. See ! round the room on every beam and balk Are mingled scrolls of hieroglyphic chalk. Crabbe, Borough, Letter xi. The stiffest balk bends more or less ; all joists creak. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. xii. BALL, a stout fellow. The word in the orig. is ribault, which in the Glos- sary appended to the edition of Rabe- lais by L. Barre is explained, " En general, homme robuste ; par extension, bandit, libertin ; du teuton, ' bald,' hardi." He was a strong-built ball, and an old dog at fisticuffs. Urqvhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. xii. BALLACE, to ballast ; also as a sub- stantive. See extract, s. v. CALVAR. Therewith they are accustomed to ballace their ships. Sandys, Travels, p. 204. And all of them, unburthened of their load, Are ballassed with billows watery weight. Marlowe, Dido, I. i. For ballace, empty Dido's treasury. Ibid. iii. 1. BALLASTER, one who has to attend to providing ships with ballast. The office of Ballaster, and of Lading, Last- age, and Ballasting of Ships and Vessels on the River Thames. Commons Journals, vii. 740 (1659). BALLOON, to convey as in a balloon. The extract is addressed to Time. Thy pinions next which, while they wave, Fan all our Birth-Days to the grave, I think ere it was prudent, Ballooned, me from the Schools to Town, Where I was parachuted down, A dapper Temple student. Colman, Poetical Vagaries, p. 19. BALNEO, bath. Bagnio is the com- mon form. Then began Christian Churches . . to out- shine . . the Balneos and Theatres of free Cities. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 351. BAMBOCHE, a doll or puppet. These figures were brought by the mob in grand procession . . . and then after numer- ous platoons and volleys of squibs discharged, these bamboches were with redoubled noise committed to the flames. North, Examen, p. 574. BANBURY GLOSSES. Is Latimer al- luding to some well-known story in connection with Banbury, referred to also in the mock speech attributed to Corbet ? In this your realm they have sore blinded your liege people and subjects with their laws, customs, ceremonies, and Banbury glosses, and punished them with cursings. Latimer, ii. 299. The malignants do compare this common- wealth to an old kettle with here and there a fault or hole, a crack or flaw in it; and that we (in imitation of our worthy brethren BANDEA U ( 37 ) BANKER of Banbury) were intrusted to mend the said kettle ; but, like deceitful and cheating knaves, we have, instead of stopping one hole, made three or four score. Speech of Miles Corbet, 1647 (Harl. Misc., i. 274). BANDEAU, band. Well, sir, that bandeau you quarrelled with was worn by every woman at court the last birthday. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, i. 98. Round the edge of this cap was a stiff bandeau of leather. Scott, Ivanhoe, i. 11. BANDORE. Kennet, s. v. abunda, gives " Bandore, a widow's veil to bind over or cover her head and face." I hoped to fix my future rest, And took a widow to my nest. Jove in Pandora's box confined A hundred ills, to vex mankind ; To vex one bird, in her bandore He had at least a hundred more. And soon as time that veil withdrew, The plagues o'er all the parish flew. Prior, Turtle and Sparrow, p. 398. BANERER, banner-bearer. The lorde Haward, the'king's lanerer, rode next. Account of Burial of Edward IV. (Arch., I 351). BANGLE, a frequentative form of bang, to beat. In the eastern counties corn is said to be bangled when beaten about by the wind. The Imp. Diet. defines bangle, " to waste by little and little ; to squander carelessly." A bangling hawk is one that beats about in the air, instead of rising steadily, and then swooping down on the quarry. See N. and Q., V. x. 409. No bangling hawk, but with a high flier will mend her pitch. Ward, Sermons, p. 83. BANGLES. See extracts ; also s. v. KINCOB. The ankles and wrists ornamented with large rings or bangles. Archaol., viii. 256 (1787). Her bracelets (she used to say, I am given to understand they are called bangles, my dear, by the natives) decorated the sleeves round her lean old hands. Thackeray, New- comes, ch. xv. BANGSTER, the victor ; one who bangs or beats his adversary. If you are so certain of being the bangster, so very certain I mean of sweeping stakes, what harm will Miss Clara come to by your having the use of her siller ? Scott, St. Ro- nan's Well, i. 183. BANG-TAILED, short-tailed (slang). " These bang-tailed little sinners any good ? " said Drysdale, throwing some cock- a-boadies across the table. "Yes, I never like to be without them and a governor or two." ttuyhes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. vi. BANG-UP, fine ; first-rate. Cf. SLAP- UP. BANG-UP also = to make smart (slang). The second quotation is from an article by Archbishop Whately on Miss Austen's novels. Dance a bang-up theatrical cotillion. //. $ J. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 188. We could not resist giving a specimen of John Thorpe . . . altogether the best por- trait of a species which, though almost ex- tinct, cannot yet be quite classed among the Palaeotheria, the Bang-up Oxonian. Quar- terly Review, xxiv. 368. Pat to his neckcloth gave an air In style, and a la militaire ; His pocket too a kerchief bore With scented water sprinkled o'er ; Thus banged-up, sweeten'd, and clean shav'd The sage the dinner-table braved. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. v. BANISTER. See quotation. He was bound apprentice to a banister- maker, which was a large sort of hamper then in use for the carrying of charcoal to the furnaces ou horseback, one on each side a horse. Yorkshire Diaries (Surtees Soc.), p. 311 (1732). BANJORE. See extract. In the form banjo the word has become familiar to UP. " What is this, mamma ? it is not a guitar, is it ? " " No, my dear, it is called a banjore ; it is an African instrument, of which the negroes are particularly fond." Miss Edge- tcorth, Belinda, ch. xviii. BANK. To bank a fire is to load it with coal so pressed down that, while the fire will last a long time, it burns very slowly. The ship was lying at anchor with fires banked, and it was understood that they were waiting for a Queen's messenger. H. Kings- ley, Ravenshoe, ch. li. BANKER, one who makes banks. See Peacock's Manley and Corringham Glossary, s. v. He told me that cranberries had not been discovered at that place [DersinghamJ till within his memory, and that the discovery was made by some bankers (men who work in the fens) from Lincolnshire. Freeman, Life of W. Kirby, p. 155 (1852). BANKER, to banquet. Foillanus and his three brethren, going homeward in the night, after they had well bunkered with St. Gertrude and her nuns, were killed in a wood. Bale, Select Works, p. 192. BANKERESS BARBARE BANKERESS, banker's wife. Some of those bankers are as high and mighty as the oldest families. They marry noblemen's daughters, by Jove, and think nothing is too good for 'em. But I should go, if I were you, Arthur. I dined there a couple of months ago, and the bankeress said something about you. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xxiv. BANKLESS, shoreless ; unbounded. For thou of beauty art the bancklesse Sea. Davies, Muse's Sacrifice, p. 15. BAXKRUPTISM, bankruptcy. " Pol- tick Bankruptisme " is the title of the first of Decker's Seven Deadly Sinnes. BAXXERET, to make a knight - ban- neret. Nor doth it sound a little to the honour of Herefordshire, that amongst the thirteen then banneretted in the King's Army, three fell out to be her Natives. Fuller, Worthies, Hereford (i. 464). BAXXIER. The old Fr. banniere = a district or manor. " Banneria, dis- trictus, jurisdictio^ officium bannerii " (Ducange). At the same time the Ital. bagnio, Span, bdno, and Fr. bagne all = a place where slaves are kept, as well as a bath. He encouraged the inhabitants . . that they should be of good cheer, for before night there should be Elaiauians in Galeri market as cheap as birds. . . . And it fell true that [the Emperour's] souldiers were sold by mul- titudes in Galeri's bannier towards the even- ing. Hoirell, Dodona's Grove, p. 83. Upon the Castle Hill [in Chios] there is a Bannia . . . containing seuerall roomes, one hoter than another with conduits of hot water, and naturall fountaines. Sandys, Travels, p. 12. BANTERER. See quotation (see also citation from Swift in R.). Occasions given to all men to talk what they please, especially the lanterers of Oxford (a set of scholars so called, some M.A.), who make it their employment to talk at a ven- ture, lye, and prate what nonsense they please ; if they see a man talk seriously they talk floridly nonsense, and care not what he says. A. Wood, Life, Sept. 6, 1678. BANYAN, a loose gown, like that worn by the Banyans. See next entry. I have lost nothing by it but a banyan, shirt, a corner of my quilt, and my bible singed. Kitjferinys of a Dutch Sailor, 1725 (Harl. Misc., viii. 297). Proceed we next Unto the old Incumbent at his gate, With silken skull-cap tied beneath his chin, His banyan with silver clasp wrapt round His shrinking paunch. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. XI. ch. iv. BANYAN DAY. See quotation. They told us that on Mondays, "Wednes- days, and Fridays the ship's company had no allowance of meat, and that these meagre days were called banyan days, the reason of which they did not know ; but I have since learned they take their denomination from a sect of devotees in some parts of the East Indies who never taste flesh. Smollett, Bod. Random, ch. xxv. BAPTIME, baptism. "Were I to give thee baptime I would choose To christen thee the bride, the bashf nil muse. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 26. Fall on me like a silent dew, Or like those maiden showers AVhich by the peepe of day do strew A baptime o'er the flowers. Ibid. p. 100. BAPTIZABLE, fit for or capable of bap- tism. As for the condition limiting persons bap- tizable, which is actual believing, this also the Church of Christ understood in a limited and temporary sense. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 284. BAR. Many bars = many degrees : the metaphor may be taken from music, or perhaps from the game of throwing the bar. It is to be observed that these kind of objections are commonly wheedles ; and if goveruours hearken to them, they are pro- bably lost ; and those who are the objectors laugh in their sleeves, and in their turn out- do, many bars, all that themselves found fault with. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 122. The immodest ones outdo the worst of us by a bar's length, both in thinking and acting. Richardson, Cl. Harloice, iii. 118. I outdo Rousseau a bar length. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, vi. 145. BARATRESS, a female quarreller or fighter. A baratresse, daring with men, though a mayd, to be buckling. Sianyhurst,jEn., i.479. BARBAL, belonging to a beard. D'Ur- fey tells a story of a man who pawned his beard for 100,000. And what could greater token be Than that of barbal dignity ? Collin's Walk, cant. 4. BARBARE, barbarous. As oft as they astraid From God their guide, He on their shoulders laid The barbare yock of Moab. Hudson's Judith, ii. 354. BARBAR Y ( 39 ) BARNABY-BRIGHT BARBARY, barbarity. Nothing but cruel barbary and lion-like fierceness beareth rule. econ, iii. 42. BARBECU. See quotation. The word is used also as a verb in the West Indies, and applied to dressing a hog by splitting it to the backbone and broiling it on a gridiron. Look at the negroes on the larlecu! It was indeed time to stop, for on the barbecu, or terrace of white plaster, which ran all round the front, lay sleeping full twenty black figures. C. Kingsley, WestwardHo,ch. xix. BARBERS' MUSIC, rough music. A guitar or some such instrument was formerly kept in a barber's shop for the amusement of customers while waiting their turn. The instrument, being thus thrummed on by all comers, was not usually of much excellence. My lord called for the lieutenant's cittern, and with two candlesticks with money in them for symbols [cymbals] we made bar- bers' music. Pepys, June 5, 1660. BARBITON, a lyre. A Latin word treated as English by Ascham. Lutes, harpes, all maner of pypes, barbi- tons, sambukes, with other instruments . . be condemned of Aristotle. Ascham, Toxo- philus, p. 39. BAR-BOY, a boy who serves at the bar of a public-house. Barman is more usual. His nods and scrapes are only the effects of a habit that he Jacquired when he was a bar-boy. T. Brown, Works, iii. 97. BARE BOARD, without putting down stakes. She was not onely able to lay down her stake, but also to vye ready silver with the King of Spaine, when he, notwithstanding both his Indies, was fain to go on bare board. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VI. vii. 3. BARGE, to go in a barge. "Whole tribes of males and females trotted, bargd it thither to build and inhabite, which the saide kinges, whiles they weilded their swords temporall, animadvertised of, assigned a ruler or governour over them, that was called the king's provost. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 151). BARGEE, a man who goes in a barge. The Diets, give bargeman and barger. I am sorry to have wasted a day in the company of a man who sets up for a country gentleman with the tongue of a Thames laryee and the heart of a Jew pawnbroker. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xxxiii. The bargees nicknamed Lord Welter " the sweep," and said he was a good fellow, but a terrible blackguard. H. Kingsley, JRavenshoe, ch. xlii. BAR-GEESE. Barnacles were said to grow on trees in Scotland, whence they dropped into the sea and became solan geese (see N., s. v. barnacle). Cf. CLAIK-GEESE. The (Trees-brood) Bar-geese mid th' Hebri- dian wave, Vnto his tune their far-flow'n wings doo wave. Sylvester, The Trophies, 1048. BARGUEST, a goblin in the form of a beast ; also called a boh-ghost. It is a north-country word. H. has an ex- planation of it, but no example. See Willan's Glossary, West Riding ; Ro- binson's Whitby Glossary, *E. D. S. He understood Greek, Latin", and Hebrew, and therefore, according to the apprehension, and in the phrase of his brother Wilfrid, needed not to care " for ghaist or baryhaist, devil or dobbie." Scott, Rob Roy, i. 223. He had read of such apparitions, and been sufficiently afraid of meeting a barguest in his boyish days ; but in no instance had he ever heard of the ghost of an animal. Southey, The Doctor, ch. ccxiv. BARING. See extract. The process of baring or removing the superficial soil preparatory to digging the ironstone. The baring, as it is called by the quarrymen, consists not only of the natural surface soil, but also of the upper soft bed of the ferruginous rock. S. Sharp, 1871 (Arch., xliii. 120). BARKEN, crust over, as a tree with bark (?). The best way's to let the blood barken upon the cut that saves plasters. Scott, Guy Mannering, i. 239. With the night came a shrewd frost that barkened the blood on my wounds. Eeade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxiv. BARKERS, pistols. Cf. BULL-DOG. " Barkers for me, Barney," said Toby Crao.kit. " Here they are," replied Barney, producing a pair of pistols. Dickens, Oliver Twist, ch. xxii. I'll give you five for those pistols .... being rather a knowing one about the pretty little barkers. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xxiv. BARNABY-BRIGHT, St. Barnabas' Day, June 11, under the old style was re- garded as the longest day in the year, though June 10 would answer to June 21 (new style). See N. and Q., 5th Ser., Vol. II. BARNACLES ( 40 ) BARTON HOUSE Barndby-Bright, Barndby-Bright, The longest day, and the shortest night. Old Rhyme. The steward, after having perused their several pleas, adjourned the court to Barndby- bright, that they might have day enough before them. Spectator, No. 623. BARNACLES, spectacles, as being bi- nocular. See quotation, s. v. UN- ILLUSORY. Jack. Your eyes dasell after your washing ; these spectacles put on ; Now view this raysour ; tell mee, is it not a good one ? Grim. They bee gay barnikles, yet I see never the better. Edwards, Damon and Pitheas (Dodsley, O. PI., i. 279). BARNAKIN, the outer wall of a castle, within which the barns, stables, &c. were placed. See H., s. v. barnekin. The barnakin or outer ballium was also added, which was surrounded by a strong rampart and wet ditch. Arch., x. 102 (1792). BARN-GUN, an eruption in the skin. Same as EED-GUM, q. v. " Thou art not come to me," she said> looking through my simple face as if it were but glass, " to be struck for bone-shave, nor to be blessed for barn-gun. Blackmore, Lorna Doojie, ch. xviii. BAROMETRY, barometrical science, which has for its object the measur- ing the weight of the atmosphere for meteorological purposes. A scrap of parchment hung by geometry (A great refinement in barometry) Can, like the stars, foretell the weather. Strift, Elegy on Partrige. BARONET, sirloin, q. v. The sight of the roast beef struck him dumb, permitting him only to say grace, and to declare he must pay his respects to the baronet, for so he called the sirloin. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. IV. ch. x. BARONETTE, wife of a baronet. She had a leash of baronets with their laronettes. Trollope, Barchester Towers, ch. XXXV. BARONETTED, created a baronet. He thinks he has nicked a scandal tellin how Sir Francis "Withins was knighted for bringing the first Abhorrence. In truth he deserved to have been baronetted if he had stood to it. North, Eramen, p. 560. BARONRY, barony. They haue gotten vnto their kingdomes Many noble baronries and erldomes, AVith esquyres landes and knightes fees. Dyaloge betwene a Gentillman and Husbandman, p. 133. BARREL. The expression in the text may perhaps illustrate the common but rather obscure saying, " Never a barrel the better herring," noticed s. v. HER- RING. They disdain to pay any more civility or outward respect to their minister than they challenge to themselves, or than they give to their meanest comrades, which are of the same bran and barrell with themselves. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 245. BARREN, to make barren. That time of yeare when the inamored Sunne, Clad in the richest roabes of liuing fiers, Courted ye Virgin signe, great Natur's Nunne, Which barrains earth of al what earth desires. G. Markham, Tragedie of Sir B. Grinuile, p. 44. BARREN, barren land. My last dream is, to have the sewage con- veyed along the line of rails by pipes, giving the railway companies an interest therein, and so to fertilize especially the barrens of Surrey and Berkshire. C. Kinysley, 1859 (Life, ii. 100). BARRING - OUT takes place when schoolboys shut the master out of the school, and refuse to let him in except on certain conditions. See H., s. v. Not schoolboys at a barring-out Kais'd ever such incessant rout. Sirift, Journal of a Modern Lady. Revolts, republics, revolutions, most No graver than a schoolboys' barring-out. Tennyson, Princess, Conclusion. BARROW-BUNTER, barrow-woman ; fe- male costermonger. I saw a dirty barrotc-lmnter in the street cleaning her dusty fruit with her own spittle. Smollett, Humphrey Clinker, i. 140. BARS, a gambler's term. See quota- tion. H. says, " To bar a die was a phrase used among gamblers ; see Mr. Collier's notes to the Ghost of Richard III., p. 75." They haue certayne termes, as a man would saye, appropriate to theyr playing; whereby they wyl drawe a mannes money, but paye none, whiche they cal barres, that surely he that knoweth them not maye soone be debarred of all that ever he hath afore he learue them. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 55. BARTON HOUSE, manor-house. See H., s. v. On the other side of the lane was Giffard's house (the Barton home) and a square high BASCA UDAL BASKET-HARE garden wall. Relation of the Action before Cyrencester (1642), p. 5. BASCAUDAL. Iu a cup from Stanton Moor, Derbyshire, deeper than usual, the bascaudal character was confined to the upper part. A rch., xliii. 367 (1870). BASE. H. gives this as a Cumber- land word for the perch. The boisterous base, the hoggish tunny fat. Dennys, Secrets of Angling (Eng. Garner, i. 166). BASHAW, a Pasha, and so a great or an imperious man. In every society of men there will be some Bashawes, who presume that there are many rules of law from which they should be ex- empted. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 82. He desired my company to a minister of state upon business, but the Bashaw was in- disposed, i. e. not to be accosted. Gentleman Instructed, p. 203. The fair Mrs. Pitt has been mobbed in the park, and with difficulty rescued by some gentlemen, only because this bashaw (Duke of Cumberland) is in love with her. Walpole, Letters, i. 213 (1749). BASELESS, bold ; unabashed. In the first extract it means " bashful," but this is probably meant for a blunder on the part of the rustic speaker. Com on, com on, master school-master, bee not so bashless. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 619. Blush now, you bashles dames, that vaunt of beautie rare, For let me see who dares come in, and with my deare compare. Breton, Arbor of Amorous Devises, p. 4. BASHMENT, shame. "Inter quos minor est displicisisse pudor " is trans- lated "Where to controll lesse feare it were, lesse bashment to displease. Holland's Cainden, p. 86. BASH-RAG, a term of reproach. Wilt loose thy roiall sole prerogatiue, To make vngrateful base Bash-rays to thriue ? Dairies, A n Extasie, p. 95. BASILEAN, royalist. Now touching that which is spoken of the oak in the last walk, if any intemperate Basilean take exceptions thereat, let him know that, as 'twas said before, most of them are but traducements and pretensions ; yet it is a human principle (and will ever be so to the world's end) that there never was yet any Prince (except one), nor will there ever be any hereafter, but had his frailties. Howell, Letters, iv. 23. BASILISCO, a piece of ordnance. Ba- silisk is the more common form. Give but fire To this petard, it shall blow open, madam, The iron doors of a judge, and make you entrance, When they (let them do what they can) with all Their mines, their culverins, and basiliscos, Shall cool their feet without. Massinger, Unnatural Combat, i. 1. I had rather stand in the shock of a ba- silisco than in the fury of a merciless pen. Browne, Reliyio Medici, Pt. II. sect. iii. BASKET. To bring to the basket = to reduce to poverty ; to go to the basket = to go to prison, where the inmates ate of the broken meats brought in a basket from the sheriff's table : see N., s. v. To leave in the basket = to leave in the lurch ; perhaps refers to articles which do not sell readily. Arrested ! this is one of those whose base And abject flattery help'd to dig his grave ; He is not worth your pity, nor my anger ; Go to the basket, and repent. Massinger, Fatal Dowry, v. 1. God be praised ! I am not brought to the basket, though I had rather live on charity than rapine. Gentleman Instructed, p. 6. "Whatever he wants, he has only to ask it, And all other suitors are " left in the basket." Ingoldsby Legends (House-warming). BASKET-BEAGLES, beagles used in hunting a hare that was turned out of a basket to be coursed. Cf. BASKET- HARE. Such were the members of the Killnakelty hunt, once famous on the turf and in the field, but now a set of venerable grey-headed sportsmen, who had sunk from fox-hounds to basket-beagles and coursing. Scott, St. Honan's Well, i. 19. BASKET - BUTTONS, buttons with a device upon them like basket-work, instead of a crest or monogram. The concert began : song, sentimental, by a light-haired young gentleman in a blue coat and bright basket-buttons. Sketches by Boz (Mistaken Milliner). BASKET-CLERKS. See quotation ; also citation from Spelman in R., a. v. BASKET. The clergy lived at first upon the mere benevolence of their hearers, who gave what they gave, not to the clergy, but to the Church ; out of which the clergy had their portions given them in baskets, and were thence called sportularii, basket-clerks. Mil- ton, Means to drive Hirelings out of the Church. BASKET-HARE, a hare carried in a basket, and then turned out to be coursed. Cf. BASKET-BEAGLE. BASSEMAINS BATTERFANG Come, open this portable tomb ; 'slife here's nothing in it ; ferret him, or he'll never bolt. It looks as if we had brought a basket-hare to be set down and hunted. The Committee, Act IV. BASSEMAINS, compliments : the word of course is really French. According to H. and N. it is in Spenser, but they give no reference. Do my bassemains to the gentleman, and tell him I will do myself the honour to wait on him immediately. Farquhar, Beaux Stratagem, iii. 2. Mr. Ranter, pray do the doctor's baise- mains to the lady, and squire her hither. Smollett, Roderick Random, ch. xlvi. BASSET, to play at basset. He had bassetted away his money and his good humour. Gentleman Instructed, p. 492. BASTARD. Fuller's etymologies seem worth preserving as curious, if not correct. He gives in the margin Ciija- cius as the authority for the first deriv- ation, and Kilianus for the second. Henry Fitz-roy, naturall son to King Henry the Eighth, . . . confuted their ety- mology who deduced bastard from the Dutch words boes and art, that is, an abject nature ; and verifyed their deduction, deriving it from lesteaerd, that is, the best disposition ; such was his forwardness in all martiall activities, with his knowledge in all arts and sciences. Fully; Worthies, Essex (i. 341). BASTARD, a mongrel, I suppose, though it seems distinguished from this in the extract. He hath your greyhound, your mungrell> your mastife, your terrier, your spaniel . . small ladies' puppies, caches and bastards. Return from Parnassus, ii. 5. BASTINADE, bastinado. The more English form of the word is unusual. They would upon second thoughts submit to a bastinade rather than occasion bloodshed. Gentleman Instructed, p. 351. Presents ! present the rogues the bastinade. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 91 . BAT-BLIND, blind as a bat. O Bat-blind Fooles, doe ye infatuate That "Wisdome that makes "Wisdome gouerne Fate ? Dames, Holy Rood, p. 13. BATH. Bath was proverbial for the number of its beggars : see Fuller's Worthies (Somersetshire) ; hence Go to Bath = be a beggar. " Go to Bath ! " said the Baron. A defiance so contemptuous roused the ire of the adverse commanders. Ingoldsly Legends (Grey Dol- phin). BATH-COATING, a sort of stuff or cloth. My landlord shewed me one (great-coat) made of Bath-coating. Life of J. Lackington, Letter xix. BATHETIC, pertaining to bathos. A fatal insensibility to the ludicrous and the bathetic. Academy, July 3, 1875, p. 5. BATH RINGS. Bath has given its name to many things for which this watering-place was supposed to be famous. Bath buns, Bath bricks (which, however, are made at Bridgewater), Bath pipe, Bath coating, Bath fagots, Bath chaps, Bath chairs, Bath Olivers, Bath post. Hair-rings also seem to have been one of its specialties. A lock of hair which was so perfectly strong that I had it woven into Bath rings. Archaol., vii. 104.X1785). BATTAGLIO, the body of an army. Battalia is used in this sense (Richard III., V. iii.). I look upon the Defamers, Dividers, and Destroyers of the Church of England (what- ever they are or seem) to be no other than the perdues or forelorn hope of Popery, which by lighter skirmishes open advantages to the Pope's main Battaglio. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 366. t BATTER. See extract. The angular columns ... all stand, as the workmen term it, battering, or sloping in- wards. Archceol., x. 185 (1792). BATTER, to plaster or paste. A few lines lower down he says it is enough to make any man turn satirist " to see such batter euerie weeke besmeare Each publike post and Church dore." To behold the wals Battered with weekely newes compos'd in Pauls. A. Holland (Davies, Scourge of Folly, p. 81). BATTERDASHER, a weapon ; perhaps a mace. The halls of justices of the peace were dreadful to behold, the skreens were gar- nished with corslets and helmets, gaping with open mouth, with coats of mail, lances, pikes, halberts, brown bills, batterdashers, bucklers, and the modern colivers and petro- nils (in King Charles I.'s time) turned into muskets and pistols. Aubrey, Miscellanies, p. 215. BATTERFANG, to belabour, or beclaw : still in use as a provincialism. See Eobinson's Whiiby Glossary (E. D. S.). The Pastor lays on lusty bangs, Whitehead the Pastor battei-fangs. Ward, England's Reformation, p. 124. BATTLE ( 43 ) BA YARD OF TEN TOES BATTLE. The battle was kept, i. e. was fought. The lattaile was kepte in Cherronea. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 373. BATTLE-BOLT, a cannon-ball. The rushing battle-bolt sang from the three - decker out of the foam. Tennyson, Maud, I. i. 13. BATTLED, embattled ; built with bat- tlements. There is a quotation from Turberville in R., and a reference in H. The valleys of grape-loaded vines that glow Beneath the battled tower. Tennyson, Dream of Fair Women, st. 55. BATTLEDORE seems to be used in the extract for a sort of rolling-pin. Howl them [the gumbals] with battledores into long pieces, and tie them up in knots, and so dry them. Queen's Closet Opened, p. 222 (1655). BATTLE-FLAGS, colours carried in battle. It hangs there we may say between the privileged Orders and the unprivileged, as a ready-made battle prize, and necessity of war from the very first : which battle-prize whoever seizes it may thenceforth bear as lattle-f.au with the best omens. Carlyle, Fr. Mev., Bk. IV. ch. i. Till the war-drum throbbed no longer, and the battle-fags were furled, In the Parliament of man, the Federation of the world. Tennyson, Locksley Hall. BATTLE-ROYAL, a fight between seve- ral cocks, the one that holds out the longest being of course the victor ; and so any vehement quarrel. 1st Nurse. Your husband is the noted'st cuckold in all our street. 2nd Nurse. Y~ou lie, you jade ; yours is a greater. Phil. Hist now for a battle-royal. Harvard, All Mistaken, Act I. "What aggravates the reproach and the disgrace upon us Englishmen is those species of fighting which are called Battle-royal, and the Welsh Main. Archaol., iii. 148 (1775). A battle-royal speedily took place between the two worthy mothers-in-law. Thackeray, Shabby Genteel Story, ch. vi. BAUBLE. N. quotes a passage, s. v., in which he says bauble is used " appar- ently as an adjective." I have cited another, s. v. CURTSEY. BAUDERY. Applied in the subjoined passage to physical, not moral, dirt the smoke from a candle. And have our roofe, Although not archt, yet weather proofe, And seeling free From that cheape candle bauderi/. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 141. BAWDY BASKET, a prostitute. Many a faire lasse in London towne, Many a bawdie basket borne vp and downe : Many a broker in a thridbare gowne, Many a bankrowte scarce worth a crowne, In London. Puttenham, Art of Eny. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xix. BAW VAW, trifling. The word seems to be two contemptuous interjections joined together, and used adjectivally. See R., s. v. baw. I stay not thye body, ne on baw vaw trom- perye descant. Stanyhurst, JEn., iv. 401. " BAWWAW," QUOTH BAGSHAW, seems to be a proverbial saying implying a denial of that to which it refers. Baw- waw = beware (?), cf. extract s. v. Ko ; but see preceding entry. All this may passe in the queene's peace, and no man say bo to it ; but " fiawieaw," quoth Hayshaw to that which drawlacheth behinde, of the first taking of herrings there. Nashe, Lenten Stvffe (Hdrl. Misc., vi. 174). BAY, bidding : perhaps an abbre- viation of " to obey." Friar, I am at beck and lay, And at thy commandment to sing and say, And other sports among. Peele, Edward I., p. 381. BAY, to defy, as one who stands at bay, but see next entry. Great king, no more lay with thy wilfullings His wrath's dread torrent. 'Sylvester, 2he Lawe, 610. BAY, to confine as in a bay. Pos- sibly in the second extract bay'd = cowed. See previous entry. Hee whose powerfull hand Bayed-vp the Red Sea with a double wall. Sylvester, second day,jirst weeke, 1169. Then (zealous) calling on th' immortall God, He smot the sea with his dead-liuing rod : The sea obayed, as bay'd ; the waues con- troul'd, Each upon other vp to Heav'n do folde. Ibid., The Lawe, 694. Even so God's finger, which these waters bay'd, Beeing with-drawen the ocean swell'd and sway'd Ibid. 720. BAY, baize. Fr. baie. The Flemish lay and say makers petitioned to have free trade. Markham, Life of Lord Fairfax, p. 320. BAYARD OF TEN TOES, Shank s's mare, BAYOU ( 44 ) BEARDY q. v. Breton says of the " honest poore man " His trauell is the walke of the woful, and his horse Bayard often toes. Good and Badde, p. 14. At last he [Coryat] undertook to travail into the East Indies by land, mounted on an horse with ten toes. Fuller, Worthies, Somer- set (ii. 291). BAYOU, a channel for water. Penetrated in all directions either by bayous formed by nature, or canals which cost little more trouble in making than ditches. T. Flint, Recoil, of Valley of Missis- sippi, p. 301 (1826). A great bayou which runs down into an arm of the Mississippi. W. H. Russell, Diary, North and South, i. 411 (1863). BEACON. See extract. A Beacon (we know) is so called from beckoning, that is, making signs, or giving notice to the next Beacon. Fuller, Worthies, Somerset (ii. 282). BEAD-HOOK. The Greeks with bead-hooks fought, Kept still aboard for naval fights, their heads with iron wrought In hooks and pikes. Chapman, Iliad, xv. 356. BEAK, to attack with the beak. Like cocks for ever at each other beaking. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 140. BEAK, thieves' cant for magistrate. " I suppose you don't know what a beak is, my flash com-pan-i-on ? " Oliver mildly re- plied that he had always heard a bird's mouth described by the term in question. " My eyes, how green ! " exclaimed the young gentleman. " Why a beak's a madg'strate ; and when you walk by a beak's order, it's not straight forerd, but always a going up and niver a coming down agiu." Dickens, Oliver Twist, ch. viii. The pies and jays that utter words, And other Dicky gossips of birds,- That talk with as much good sense and de- corum As many Beaks who belong to the quorum. Hood, Tale of a Trumpet. BKAKLESS, without a beak. The beak- less bird = the bat. Hence beak-less-'Eird ; hence winged-Beast, they cride, Hence plume-less wings! (thus scorn her either side). Sylvester, The Decay, 276. BEAM-ENDS. A person entirely at a loss is said to be thrown upon his beam-ends: a nautical metaphor. He laughed the idea down completely; and Tom, abandoning it, was thrown upon his beam-ends again for some other solution. Dickens, M. Chuszlewit, ch. xl. BEAMILY, radiantly. Thou thy griefs dost dress With a bright halo, shining beamily. Keats, To Byron. BEAMLING, a little beam. Eightly to speake, what Man we call and count, It is a beamliny of Diuinity, It is a dropling of th' Eternall Fount, It is a moatling hatcht of th' Vnity. Sylvester, Quadrains of Pibrac, st. 13. BEAN. The black of a bean = some- thing very minute. Neither will this uncharitable censure, if it were true, advantage his cause the black of a bean. Bramhall, ii. 91. BEANY, in good spirits, like a horse after a feed of beans. So goes one's day ; all manner of incon- gruous things to do, and the very incongruity keeps one beany and jolly. C. Kinysley, Letter, May, 1856. BEAR, a kind of barley that has more than two rows of grain in the ear. Jamieson says four rows. The valleys for the most part are covered with beer or bigg, and the hills with snow. Modern Account of Scotland, 1670 (Harl. Misc., vi. 136). I was only wanting, said Triptolemus . . . to look at the iear-braird, which must be sair laid wi' this tempest. Scott, The Pirate, ch. vi. BEARANCE, endurance. In the original tolerantiam. Their minds are inured to temperance and bearance, and therefore undergo those things which are inevitable more moderately than other persons. Bailey's Erasmus, p. 407. BEARBIND, bindweed. Hood spells it bear-bine. The Boots I speak of are in general small and soft, not unlike the Roots of Asparagus or of Bearbind. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, iii. 242. The bear-bine with the lilac interlaced, The sturdy burdock chok'd its slender neigh- bour, The spiry pink. Hood, Haunted House. BEARDY, bearded. Beard-less Apollo's beardy Sonn did once With iuice of hearbs rejoin the scattered bones Of the chaste prince, that in th' Athenian court Preferred death before incestuous sport. Sylvester, third day, first tceeke, 688. BEARERS ( 45 ) BEAUTY-SLEEP BEARERS, helpers : a legal term. If we cannot hope to get ourselves quite off, yet, as men use to do in common pay- ments and taxes, we plead hard to have bearers and partners that may go a share with us. Sanderson, i. 185. BEARESS, she-bear. And when he got raps and taps and slaps, Snatches and pinches, snips and snaps, As if from a tigress or beat-ess, They told him how lords would court that hand, And always gave him to understand, While he rubb'd, poor soul, His carrotty poll, That his hair had been pull'd by a " Hairess." Hood, Miss Kilmanseyg. BEAR-LEADER, a travelling tutor, be- cause he has the charge of a cub. See extract s. v. GERUXD-GRINDER. And as I almost wanted bread, I undertook a bear to lead, To see the brute perform his dance Through Holland, Italy, and France ; But it was such a very Bruin, I took my leave, and left the nib Some humbler Swiss to pay and drub. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour I. c. xxiii. They pounced upon the stray nobility, and seized young lords travelling with their bear- leaders. Thackeray, Bk. of Snobs, ch. vii. BEARS. Are you there with your bears ? = Are you still harping on the same string ? or, Are you there again ? According to Joe Miller (No. 123) this was the exclamation of a man who, not liking a sermon which he had heard on Elisha and the bears, went on the next Sunday to a different church, but found the same clergyman and the same discourse. Another when at the racket court he had a ball struck into his hazard, he would ever and anon cry out, Estes vous Id avec vos ours ? Are you there icith your bears ? which is ridiculous in any other language but Eng- lish. Ho well, Forraine Travell, sect. 3. O, quoth they, here is an accident may save the man ; are you there with your bears ? we will quit the exercise of the House's right rather than that should be. North, Examen, p. 220. BEASTHOOD, the nature or condition of beasts. R. has beastlihood. Many a Circe island with temporary en- chantment, temporary conversion into beast- hood and hoghood. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. I. ch. vii. BEATEN, experienced ; inured ; also trite, in which sense it is used now, but only with the words path or track. There the Roman king with the strength only of his old beaten souldiers (veterani exercitus) . . . had the better. Holland's Livy, p. 10. A beaten politician of our times, learned in the wisdom of newer state, . . . would have projected Moses a far more commodious plot. Ward, Sermons, p. 117. A man beaten to the trade may wrangle and harangue better than one that is unex- perienced in the science of chicane. Gentle- man Instructed, p. 522. To ply the world with an old beaten story of your wit, and eloquence, and learning. . . . . I confess I have neither conscience nor countenance to do it. Swift, Tale of Tub, Dedic. to Lord Somers. BEAT TRADE, to carry on trade. In Holland the wives are so well vers'd in bargaining, cyphering, and writing, that, in the absence of their husbands in long sea- voyages, they beat the trade at home. Howell, Letters, I. ii. 15. Ever since our merchants have beaten a peaceful and uninterrupted trade into this town and elsewhere. Ibid. I. vi. 3. BEAU IDEAL, perfect model ; the high- est conceivable type. The expression is Anglicized, but Irving uses it in its French form. From poetry or romance young people usually form their early ideas of love, before they have actually felt the passion ; and the image which they have in their own minds of the beau ideal is cast upon the first objects they afterwards behold. This, if I may be allowed the expression, is Cupid's Fata Mor- gana. Deluded mortals are in ecstasy whilst the illusion lasts, and in despair when it vanishes. Miss Edgetcorth. Belinda, ch. xix. The common orders of English seem won- derfully captivated with the beau ideal which they have formed of John Bull. Irving, Sketch Book (John Bull). My ambition is to give them a beau ideal of a welcome. C. Bronte, J. Eyre, ch. xxxiv. BEAUIDEALIZE, to form a beau ideal, q. v. I shall spare you the flowers I have gathered, the trees I have seen, leaving you to beauidealize them for yourself. L. E. Landon (Life by Blanchard, i. 60). BEAUTY-SLEEP, the sleep before mid- night. " Are you going ? it is not late ; not ten o'clock yet." "A medical man, who may be called up at any moment, must make sure of his beauty-sleep." Kinysley, Tico Years Ago, ch. xv. Would I please to remember that I had BEA-WAYMENT1NG ( 46 ) BECKETIST roused him up at night, and the quality always made a point of paying four times over for a man's loss of his beauty-sleep. I replied that his loss of beauty-sleep was rather improving to a man of so high a complexion. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. Ixiv. BEA-WAYMENTINO, bleating. Tell me, if wolves the throat Have caught of thy dear dam, Canst thou, poor lamb, become another's lamb ? Or rather, till thou die, Still for thy dam with bea-waymenting cry ? Sidney, Arcadia, p 396. BEBANG, to beat, cudgel. A sworne brother of his . . . bebanyeth poore paper in laud of bag-pudding. Nashe, Lenten Stiiffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 159). BEBASSE, to kiss heartily. Queen Dido shal col the, and smacklye bebasse thee. Stanyhurst, ^En., i. 670. BEBAY, to indent ; to form bays. "We fro land harbours too mayne seas gyddye dyd enter, Voyded of al coast sight with wild fluds roundly belayed. Stanyhurst, JEn., iii 196. BEBLAIN, to strike with blains. Beblaine the bosome of each mistres That bares her brests (lust signes) ghests to allure. Davies, Humour's Heaven on Earth, p. 43. BEBLESS, to surround with benedic- tions. If I have seen or suffered any Poor To lye and dye Naked, or out of Door : Nay, if his loynes be-blest not mee from harm, Because my Fleece and Cottage kept them warm. Sylvester, Job Triumphant, iii. 499. BEBLOTCHED, covered with blots, or blotches of ink. Down comes a proof in such a barbarous state, so beblotched and bedeviled, that I am swearing, Master Bedford, with very good reason. It. Soutliey, Letters, 1807 (i. 412). BEBOGGED, embogged. After long travelling, his feet were fixed in Ireland, where he was not leboytfd (as some, otherwise his equals) with ill success. Fuller, Worthies, Dorset (i. 313). BEBOOTED, an emphatic form of booted. Couriers arrive bestrapped and lelooted. Carlyle, Sartor llesartus, Bk. I. ch iii. BEBOST, embossed. In hir right hand, which to and fro did shake, She bare a skourge, with many a knottie string, And in hir left a snaffle bit or brake, Hebost with gold, and many a jingling ring. Gascoigne, Complaint of Philomene. BEBOTCH, to afflict with botches. Then petti-botching brokers all bebotch, That in a month catch eighteene pence in pound. Davies, Humour's Heaven on Earth, p. 44. BEBROID, to cover with embroidery. Vestures of gould most ritchlye bebroyded. Stanyhurst, JEn., iii. 497. BEBUJIP, to knock about. You have so skilfully hampered, be- thwacked, belarnmed, and belumped the catchpole. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. xiii. BECACK, to defile with ordure. Ajax is of course a pun on " a jukes." Another comes with wit. too costiue then, Making a glister-pipe of his rare pen, And through the same he all my brest be- cackes, And turnes me so to nothing but Ajax. Davies, Paper's Complaint, p. 75. BECAPPED^ furnished with a cap. He thus appear'd in sprightly glee, Secapp'd in due conformity ; For to give him a sportsman's air Some fair hand did his cap prepare. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. v. BECEDERED, spread out like a cedar (?). So neer that oft ones target's pike doth pearce Another's shield, and sends him to his herse ; And gawdy plumes of foes (be-Cederedbr&ue) Oft on their foes vnplumed crests do wane. Sylvester, The Vocation, 318. BECHECK, to rebuke. But brutish Cham, that in his brest accurst The secret roots of sinfull Atheisme nurst : "With bended brows, with stout and stern aspect, In scornfull tearms his Father thus be-checkt. Sylvester, The Arke, 103. BECK, to imprison : thieves' cant. Cf. BEAK. The circle with the two dots was writ by another of our brotherhood, and it signifies as how the writer . . . was becked, was asking here, and lay two months in Starabin. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Iv. BECKETIST, one like Becket. The man referred to, it will be seen, was not contemporary with Becket. Cf. ANTI- BECKETIST. He was a great Becketist, viz. a stout BECKETIZE ( 47 ) BEDINNER opposer of Regal Power over Spiritual Per- sons ; on which, and other accounts, he wrot a Book to Pope Innocent the Fourth against King Henry the Third. Fuller, Worthies, Wilts (ii. 467). BECKETIZE, to favour Becket. Cf. FREDERIZE, SPANIOLIZE, &c. Spaaking of Cleveland the poet (Leicestershire), Fuller speaks of some who have " Clevelandized" i.e. tried to imitate him. He finds little favour from our Historians of his age, because they do generally Becket- ize. Fuller, Worthies, Devon (i. 276). BECLOAK, to cover as with a cloak. Torn limbs, tost truncheons, Shiver, Fire, and Smoak, As with thick clouds, both Armies round becloak. Sylvester, Battaile of Yvry, 138. BECOLLIER, to blacken as a collier. See s. v. BECOLLOW. BECOLLOW, to dirty. Too foule-mouthed I am to becollow or becollier him with such chimnie-sweeping attributes of smoking and parching. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 165). BECORONET, to adorn" with a coronet. Open scoundrels rode triumphant, be- diademed, becoronetted, bemitred. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. i. BECRAMPOUNED, encircled or fastened. A crampon is the socket of gold in which a jewel is set ; an ouch. With green shrubs and pure gould neatly beci-ampound, His shafts on shoulders rattle. Stanyhurst, JEn., iv. 154. BECRAVATED, adorned with a cravat. What, Tony, i' faith ? what, dost thou not know me? By'r Lady, nor I thee, thou art so lecravated and so beperiwigged. Con- greve, Way of the World, iii. 15. BECRIMSON, to redden. O why was the earth so ' beautiful, le- crimsoned with dawn and twilight, if man's dealings with man were to make it a vale of scarcity, of tears, not even soft tears? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VII. ch. vi. BECROWN, to crown. Then father Anchises a goold boul massye lecrowniny, With wyne brim charged, thee Gods celestial hayleth. Stanyhurst, JEn., iii. 537. BECRUTCHED, furnished with crutches. My master was at the gate becrutched ; I told him I'd liever have seen him in another disguise. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Iv. BECUPIDED, covered with Cupids. The Colis6e . . is a most gaudy Ranelagh, gilt, painted, and becupided like an opera. Walpole, Letters, iii. 375 (1771). BECURSE, to assail with curses. He was going and leaving his malison on us root and branch ; I was never so becursed in all my days. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xlviii. BEDEVILMENT, confusion ; trouble. The lawyers have twisted it into such a state of bedevilment that the original merits of the case have long disappeared from the face of the earth. Dickens, Bleak House, ch. viii. If you will open your bedevilments to me when they come thick upon you, I may show you better ways out of them than you can find for ^'yourself. Ibid., Hard Times, ch. xxiii. BEDFAST, confined to bed ; bedridden My old woman is bedfast. Mrs. Gaskelli Sylvia's Lovers, ch. ii. BEDFORDSHIRE. To be for Bedford- shire = inclined for bed. Many names of places are used punningly in various phrases : e. g. land of Nod in extract. Cf . LOTHBURY, NEEDHAM'S CROSS, BIRCH- ING-LANE, &c., &c. Lady Ans. I'm sure 'tis time for all honest folks to go to bed. Miss. Indeed my eyes draw straws (she's almost asleep) . . . Col. I'm going to the land of Nod. Ner. Faith I'm for Bedfordshire. Swift, Polite Conversation (Gonv. iii.). The time for sleep had come at last, And there was the bed, so soft, so vast, Quite a field of Bedfordshire clover. Hood, Miss Kilmansegg. BEDIADEM, to adorn with a diadem. Open scoundrels rode triumphant, bedia- demed, becoronetted, bemitred. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. i. BEDIAMOND, to adorn with diamonds. Astarte's bediamonded crescent Distinct with its duplicate horn. E. A. Poe, Ulalume (ii. 21). BEDIAPER, to mark in patterns ; to enamel, which is the word used in some copies. The purling springes, groves, birdes, and well-weav'd bowers, With fields bediaperd with flowers, Presente their shappes. Herrick, Appendix, p. 457. BEDINNER, to provide with dinner. On the ninth morning of April these forty Swiss blockheads arrive. . . They are ha- BEDIP ( 48 ) BEFEATHERED rangued, bedinnered, begifted. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. V. ch. x. BEDIP, to imbrue. The warrior's spear bedipp'd iu blood, And discord wild in angry mood. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour II. c. ii. BEDIZENMENT, coarse or gaudy adorn- ment. Strong Dames of the Market, they sit there . . with oak-branches, tricolor bedizen- ment, firm seated on their cannons. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. IV. ch. iv. BEDLAMER, a Tom o' Bedlam (see H.) or mad beggar. This country [the Border] was then much troubled with Bedlamers. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 271. BEDOCUMENTIZE, to supply or support with evidence. Let them revolve the digests of our Eng- lish discoveries, cited up in the precedencs (sic) and bedocumentized most locupleatley. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 157). BEDOWST, washed over; thoroughly wetted. A bruised barke with billowes all bedowst. Gosson, /Speculum Humanum, p. 76. BEDRESS, to dress up. The bride, whose tonish. inclination Attended to the ruling fashion, To make her entry had bedress'd Her upright form in all her best. Cotnbe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. v. BEDRIFTED, driven about. And poor Orleans Egalite himself, for one begins to pity even him ; what does he do with them? The disowned of all parties, the rejected and foolishly led rifted hither and thither, to what corner of nature can he now drift with advantage ? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. III. ch. iii. BEDDMB, to make dumb. Every soul is more deafened and bedumbed by increasing corruptions, by actual sins. p. Hall, Cont. (Deaf and Dumb). BEDUSK, to darken. How be yt, blynd bayards, we plod on with phreusie bedusked. Stanyhurst, JB.,ii. 254. BEDUSTED, covered or mixed with dust. Stoanes dismembred from stoans, smooke foggye bedusted. Stanyhurst, JEn., ii. 632. BEE-HIVE CHAIR, a sort of porter's chair with a wicker-work top. In front of the chimney stood a wooden bee-hive chair. Southey, The Doctor, ch. iv. BEEK, to bake. The word would now be regarded as a Scotticism. Go home now, and make thyself merry with thy wealth, while Christ stands mourn- ing in the streets ; . . . beek thy pampered limbs at the fire, whiles He shakes through cold. Adams, ii. 9. BE-EPITHET, to adorn with epithets. Your campaign in Scotland rolled out and well be-epitheted would make a pompous work. Walpole, Letters, i. 157 (1746). BEER. See extract. The age referred to by Fuller is that of Erasmus, who complained of the ale (cervisia) of Queen's College, Cambridge, as " raw, smal, and windy." Skelton also is speaking of " King Harry's [VIII.] time." The Dutchman's strong beere Was not hopt over heere, To us 'twas unknowne ; Bare ale of our owne In a bowle we might bring To welcome the king. Skelton, E?i/nour Rummin (Harl. Misc., i. 415). "Whereby it appears ale in that age was the constant beverage of all colledges before the innovation of beere (the child of Hops) was brought into England. Fuller, Hist. ofCamb., v. 43. BEER, to drink beer. He surely had been brandying it or beeriny, That is, in plainer English, he was drunk. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 133. BEER-CHILLER, a pot or vessel used to warm beer. The name seems to be given on the lucus a non lucendo principle. In another part of the same volume (Mr. Watkins Tottle) Dickens speaks of " a pint pot, the contents of which were chilling on the hob." We should have gone dreaming on until the pewter pot on the table, or the little beer-chiller on the fire, had started into life, and addressed to us a long story of days gone by. Sketches by Boz (Parlour Orator). BEES'-WINGED, having a filmy sub- stance in it like a bee's wing. This is a sign of age in port. His port is not presentable, unless bees 1 - irinyed. Hall, Modern English, p. 32. BEFEATHERED, sprinkled with feathers. Like as the haggard, cloister'd in her mew, To scour her downy robes, and to renew Her broken flags, preparing to o'erlook The tim'rous mallard at the sliding brook, Sets off from perch to perch, from stock to ground, From ground to window ; thus surveying round Her dove-beftathered prison. Quarks, Emblems, III. i. 33. BEFET2SHED ( 49 ) BEGRUNTLE BEFETISHED, given over to fetichism, q. v. I object only to a connoisseur in swearing, as I would to a connoisseur in paiutiiig, &c., &c. ; the whole sett of 'era are so hung rouud aud befetish'd with the bows and tri tickets of criticism. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, ii. 157. BE FETTERED, manacled ; enslaved. They are the mute representatives of their tongue-tied, befettered, heavy-laden nations. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. x. BEFOUL, to dirty, bespatter. Lawyers can live without befouling each other's names ; doctors do not fight duels. Trollope, Barchester Towers, ch. xxi. BEFRILLED, adorned with a frill. Mrs. Farebrother, the Vicar's white-haired mother, bef rilled aud kerchiefed with dainty cleanliness. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. xvii. BEFUME, to cloud or intoxicate. If such a folly hath befum'd your brain, And fill'd your phant'sie with presumption vain, With idle hopes ; away with those conceits. Sylvester, Maiden's Blush, p. 141. BEFURRED, covered with furs. The winter came, the winds were bleak, And the cold breeze blew o'er the lake ; When Madam Syntax never stirr'd, But well beruff 'd and well befurfd. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. v. BEGARDED, covered with gards or embroidery. My too strait-laced a.U-be(/arded girles The skumme of nicenesse (London mistresses) Their skins imbroder with plague's orient pearls. Davies, Humour's Heaven on Earth, p. 43. BEGARNISH, to adorn. See how the charger bends with thy lord's fish, What Sparagus beyarnishes the dish. Stapylton, Juvenal, v. 94. BEGGAR. The knowledge that a beggar has of his dish is proverbially intimate; referring to the clap -dish which beggars carried to attract atten- tion. See N., s. v. clap-dish, who notes the proverb, but gives no illustration. Know him ! d'ye question it ? Odds fish ! Sir, does a beyi/ar know his dish ? Prior, The Conversation, p. 80. Lady A ns. Do you know him, Mr. Never- out? Nev. Know him ? Ay, Madam, as well as a beyyar knows his dish. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. i.). BEQOAR-MY-NEIGHBOUR, a simple and childish game at cards, described in H., but without quotation. Southey's de- scription is more complicated. I cannot call to mind anything which is estimated so much below its deserts as the game of Beyyar-my-neiyhbour. It is gener- ally thought fit only for the youngest children, or for the very lowest and most ignorant persons into whose hands a pack of cards can descend. . . . You take up trick by trick ; the trump, as at other games, takes every other suit. If suit is not followed, the leader wins the trick ; but if it is, the highest card is the winner. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxlii. BEGGARY, beggarly ; poor. See ex- tracts, s. w. CLAMPER, COLD ROSTE. Sach beggary wretches as had nothing to leese were nothing medled withal. Udafs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 130. BEGIFT, to load with gifts. On the ninth morning of April these forty Swiss blockheads arrive. . . . They are ha- rangued, bedinnered, begifted. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. V. ch. x. BEGILD, to adorn as with gilding. The Diets, have begilt, with an extract from Jonson. Doth a man perceive his heart a little be- gilded with ostentation ? Adams, ii. 465. The lightning-flash from swords, casks, cour- tilaces, With quiv'ring beams beyilds the neighbour grasses. Sylvester, Battaile of Yvry, p. 102. BEGIRDLE, to encircle. Like a ring of lightning, they volleying and ca-iraing begirdle her from shore to shore. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VII. ch. iii. BEGLITTERED, irradiated. This sayd, shee turned with rose color heaunlye beylittered. Stanyhurst, 2n., \. 376. BEGROAN, to assail with groans. Not ten days hence Patriot Brissot, be- shouted this day by the patriot galleries, shall find himself beyroaned by them on account of his limited patriotism. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. VI. ch. iii. BEGRUNTLE, to make uneasy ; at least this seems to be the meaning in this passage. Perhaps the effect is put for the cause. Persons who are uneasy groan or gruntle, which last word is used of pigs in the Rehearsal and in Jarvis's Dison, Bart. Fair, v. 3. BEMANTLED, covered as with a mantle. The village spire but dimly seen. The straw-roof d cot upon the green "With spreading vine bemantled o'er. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour II. c. ii. BEMEAN, to lower. For this time I renounce my gentility, and lessen and bemean myself to the lowness of the offender. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. II. Bk. III. ch. xx. BEMITRE, to adorn with a mitre. Open scoundrels rode triumphant, bedia- demed, becoronetted, bemitred. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. i. BEMOAT, to surround with a moat. A silver Brook in broken streams doth gush, And headlong down the horned Cliff doth rush; Then, winding thence above and under ground, A goodly Garden it be-moateth round. Sylvester, 1th day, 31. BEMOISTEN, to bedew. Affected by this tender grace, A tear stole gently down her face ; And, wiping her bemoisterfd eye, She offered this sincere reply. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour II. c. vi. BEMOUTH, to declaim. They heard the illustrious furbelow'd Heroically in Popean rhyme Tee-to-tum'd, in Miltonic blank bemouth'd. Southey, Nondescripts, i. BEMUD, to cover with mud, and so to confuse. [This hath] so troubledly bemudded with griefe and care every cell or organ-pipe of my purer intellectual faculties, that no more they consort with any ingenuous playful merriments. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 157). BEMURMUR, to murmur round. See quotation, s. v. BESHOUT. Bemurmured now by the hoarse-flowing Danube, the light of her patriot supper-par- ties gone quite out, so lies Theroigne. Carlyle, Fr. Rev.,Yb. II. Bk. IV. ch. viii. BEMUZZLED ( 53 ) BE POUNCE BEMUZZLED, muzzled up. The young lion's whelp has to grow up all bestrapped, bemuszled in the most extraor- dinary manner. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 86. BEN. Oil of ben = benzoin ; an oint- ment held to be of great efficacy. See several references in H. I think I smell him, 'tis vermilion sure, ha ; oil of ben ; do but show him me, widow. Jonson, Fletcher, and Middleton, The Widow, ii. 1. BENDER, a sixpence, because easily bent (slang). " What will you take to be paid out ? " said the butcher. " The regular chummage is two- and-six. Will you take three bob? " " And a bender," suggested the clerical gentleman. " Well, I don't mind ; it's only twopence a piece more," said Mr. Martin. " What do you say now-* we'll pay you out for three- and-sixpence a week." Dickens, Pickwick Papers, ch. xlii. " How much a glass think you ? " says Fred, pulling another bumper ; " a half- crown think ye ? a half-crown, Honeyman ? By cock and pye it is not worth a bender." Thackeray, Neiccomes, ch. xi. BENEDICTOR, an eulogist. Ministers have multos laudatores, paucos datores, many praisers, few raisers ; many benedictors, few benefactors. Adams, i. 179. BENEFACTORATE, to provide as a bene- factor, to present. The bishop has sent a Dr. Nichols to me, to desire I would assist him in a plan for the east window of his cathedral, which he in- tends to lenefactorate with painted glass. Walpole, Letters, iii. 282 (1769). BENEFACTURE, beneficence. Give me the open champain of a general and illimited benefacture. Bishop Hall, Works, viii. 256. BENEFICE, benefit. The first extract is from a letter from Jane Seymour to the Lords of the Council, announcing the birth of her son, 1537. We have thought good to certifie you of this same, to the intent ye might not onely render unto God coudigne thanks and praise for so great a benefife, but also continually pray for the long continuance and preserv- ation of the same. Fuller, Church History, VII. ii. 11. Verely this thyng by the benefice of philo- sophic was roted in hym, that he stode in drede of no man liuyng. UdaUs Erasmus's Apophthegm.es, p. 70. BENEFICIAL, beneficent. He fell to prayer rehearsing how 'beneficial God had been unto him. Latimer, i. 541. BENEFICIOUS, beneficent. The Beauchamps .... acknowledge Haber deBurgo .... beneficiousto them, and testifie the same by their armories. Holland's Cam- den, p. 362. BENJ, a liquid or paste of intoxicat- ing qualities procured from narcotic plants such as henbane, hemp, &c. ; also called Bang or Bhang. Mesmerism and magic-lanterns, benj and opium winna explain all facts. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xxi. BENT, beck. Naturall men must haue God at their lent Hall, Conlempl. (Golden Calfe). BENTER, debenture. The speaker is an uneducated man. Out alas ! where shall I make my mone, My pouche, my benters, and all is gone Edwards, Damon and Pitheas (Dodsley, O. PI. i. 281). BENVENUE, a welcome. I having no great pieces to discharge for his ben-venue or welcomming in, with this volley of rhapsodies or small-shotte he must rest pacified. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 158). BEPATCHED, adorned with patches (on the face) ; also patched (of a gar- ment). See extract, s. v. BETATTERED. The use of patches is not unknown to the French ladies, but she that wears them must be young and handsome. In England, young, old, handsome, ugly, all are bepatch'd till they are bedrid. Misson, Travels in Eny., p. 214. BEPERIWIGGED, having the head co- vered with a wig. What, Tony, i' faith ? what, dost thou not know me ? By 'r Lady, nor I thee, thou art so becravated, and so bepwitciaged. Con- greve, Way of the World, iii. 15. BEPESTER, to plague, injure. Valens with his Arian heresy had bepes- tered the Christian world. Adams, i. 456. BEPILGRIMED, visited by pilgrims. Mr. Lockhart thinks there was no literary shrine ever so bepilt/rimed, except Ferney in Voltaire's time. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 168. I have known a harmless good old scul of eighty still bepommelled and stoned by irre- proachable ladies of the straitest sect of the Pharisees. Thackeray. Virginians, ch. xlix. BEPOUNCE, to bepowder ; in the ex- tract = to stud. BEPUFF ( 54 ) BESHOUT Thee beams with brazed copper were costlye bepounced; And gates with the metal dooe creake in shrilbated harshing. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 433. BEPUFF, to flatter. Even the Lord Mayor himself was a Ee- ality not a Fiction conventionally bepuffed on one day in the year by illustrious friends, who no less conventionally laugh at him on the remaining three hundred and sixty-four days. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, ix. BEPUZZLE, to puzzle. How Yarmouth of itself e so innumerable populous and replenished, and in so barraine a plot seated, should not onely supply her inhabitants with pleutifull purveyance of sustenance, but provant and victuall more- over this monstrous army of strangers, was a matter that egregiously bepuzled and en- tranced my apprehension. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 149). BERAMPIRED, fortified. O Gods, o countrey, o Troywals stronglye berampyerd. Stanyhurst, ^., ii. 251. BERASCAL, to call rascal. Cf . BEVIL- LAIN. She beknaved, berascalled, berogued the unhappy hero. Fielding, Jonathan Wild, Bk. II. ch. iii. BEREBUS, to cover with rebusses. His [Sir I. Hawkewood's] Ccenotaph . . (arched over, and, in allusion to his name berebussed with Hawkes flying into a Wood) is now quite flown away and abolished. Fuller, Worthies, Essex (i. 350). BERIBANDED, adorned with ribbons. Nutbrown maids and nutbrown men, all clean-washed, loud-laughing, bedizened and beribanded ; who came for dancing, for treat- ing, and, if possible, for happiness. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. II. ch. ii. BERIBBON, to deck with ribbons. He was so beribbon'd all over, that one would have thought all the milliners in the place had join'd their stocks to furnish him. T. Brown, Works, iv. 210. Her attire was as flaunting as her air and her manner : she was rouged and beribboned. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, vii. 26. BERIDE, to ride by the side. 'Tis so, those two that there beride him, And with such graces prance beside him, In pomp, infallibly declare Themselves the sheriffs ; he the Mayor. D r Urfey, Collin's Walk, cant. 2. BERINSE, to wash. So turn, good Lord, O turn the hearts of Princes, Whose rage their realms with Saints' dear bloud berinses. Sylvester, Bethulia's Rescue, vi. 218. BERRETTA, a priest's cap. When at the corner cross thou did'st him meet, Tumbling his rosaries hanging at his belt, Or his berretta, or his tow red felt. Hall, Sat., IV. vii. 52. BERUBRICK, to mark as a red letter day. We have be-rubrick'd each day in the week, almost in the yeer, with English blood. Fuller, Ch. Hist., XL ii. 43. BERUFFED, wearing ruffs. The winter came, the winds were bleak, And the cold breeze blew o'er the lake ; When Madam Syntax never stirr'd But well berujfd and well befurr'd. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. v. BESCORCH, to burn. Stanyhurst ii. 284) speaks of " that od Hector that with wyld fire thee Greekish nauye beskorched." BESCOUNDREL, to abuse as a scoundrel. " Surly Sam " is Dr. Johnson. Surly Sam, inflamed with Tory rage, Nassau bescoundrels. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 101. BESCOUR, to overrun. France too is bescoured with a Devil's pack, the baying of which at this distance of half a century still sounds in the mind's ear. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. IH. Bk. V. ch. v. BESEECHINGNESS, deprecation ; en- treaty. The husband's determination to mastery which lay deep below all blandness and beseechingness had risen permanently to the surface now. G. Eliot, Romola, ch. xlviii. BESEEN, garment, clothes. The parti- ciple beseen is used by old writers for " clad." The Curate in his best Beseen solemnly received him at the Churchyard stile. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, i. 405. BESET, to place beside, and so to transmit. Was never fox but wily cubs begets, The bear his fierceness to his brood besets. Hall, Sat., IV. iii. 69. BESHACKLE, to hamper, perplex. Who this King should bee, beshacklcd theyr wits. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 170). BESHOUT, to greet with shouts. See quotation, s. v. BEGROAN. So fare the eloquent of France, bemur- mured, besJiouted. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. IV. ch. viii. BESHRIVELLED ( 55 ) BE SPY BESHRIVELLED, wrinkled ; withered. Ill-luck in its worst guise is seen In that beshrivelled face and mien. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. iii. BESING, to celebrate in song. When Britain first, at Heaven's command, arose, with a great deal of allegorical con- fusion, from out the azure main, did her guardian angels positively forbid it [proper provision for an aged pauperess] in the Charter which has been so much besung. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, iii. BESMOKE, to tinge with smoke. They burn up rapidly, and from within there rises by machinery an uncombustible statue of Wisdom, which by ill-hap gets be- smoked a little ; but does stand there visible in as serene attitude as it can. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VI. ch. iv. The besmoked evergreens were sprinkled with a dirty powder, like untidy snuff-takers. Dickens, Sard Times, ch. xxii. BESMDTTED, touched with smut. So at Marseilles, what one besmutted, red- bearded corn-ear in this which they cut ; one gross man we mean with copper-stndded face ? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. iii. BESOIL, to soil, cast aspersions on. See extract, s. v. BETOIL. That which the Commons called The Re- monstrance of the state of the Kingdom came forth by their voice Decemb. 15, to besoil his Majesty's reign with studied bitter- ness. Socket, Life of Williams, ii. 164. His rosy face besoiled with unwiped tears. Coleridge, Foster-Mother's Tale. BESOM-WEED, the besom-plant; cytisus scoparius. See N. and Q., 5th s., x. 409. Others will perswade, if any list to believe, that by a witch-bridle they can make a pair of horses of an acre of besome-weed. Fulle)', Holy State, Bk. V. ch. iii. BESOOTHE, to soothe. When they were gone, Hee 'gan embrace and busse The trembling Lady ; who besoothes him thus. Sylvester, ethulia'$ Rescue, vi. 60. BESPADED, provided with spade. The neighbouring villages turn out ; their able men come marching to village fiddle, or tambourine and triangle, under their Mayor, or Mayor and Curate, who also walk bespaded and in tricolor sash. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. xi. BESPARKLE, to sparkle. In some copies the word is disparkling. Mount up thy flames, and let thy torch Display thy bridegroome in the porch, In his desires More towriug and besparkling than thy fires. Herrick, Appendix, p. 449. BESPEAK. See quotation. " I've been thinking of bringing out that piece of yours on her bespeak night." "When?" asked Nicholas. "The night of her bespeak, her benefit night when her friends and patrons bespeak the play." Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby, ch. xxiv. BESPEAK, to speak ill of, or ill- omenedly. My tongue is so farre from bespeaking such lands with any ill successe, that I wish to all lawfully possessed of them . . . that peaceably and prosperously they may enjoy them. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VI. vii. 14. BESPECTACLED, fitted with spectacles, and so dim-sighted. It is impossible that a white-veiled, lank, and bespectacled duenna should move or excite a wanton thought. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. II. Bk. II. ch. xvi. In a most blinkard, bespectacled, logic- chopping generation, Nature has gifted this man with an eye. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. ii. BESPEECHED, pestered by speakers. Silence is deep as eternity ; speech is shallow as time. Paradoxical does it seem ? Woe for the age, woe for the man, quack- ridden, bespeeched, bespouted, blown about like barren Sahara, to whom this world-old truth were altogether new. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 138. BESPILL, to spill about. By every drop of blood bespilt, By Afric's wrongs, and Europe's guilt, Awake ! arise ! revenge ! Southey, To the Genius of Aft ica. BESPOUTED, bespeeched, q. v. BESPUE, to foul with vomit. That bespues Her husband. Stapylton, Juvenal, vi. 108. BESPURTLE, besprinkle. Come down, thou ragged cur, and snarl here ; I give thy dogged sullenness free liberty : trot about, and bespurtle whom thou pleasest. Marston, The Malcontent, i. 2. They sputter their venom abroad, and be- spurtle others. Adams, iii. 21. BESPY, to beset with espionage. Poor Pitt ! They little know what work he has with his own Friends of the People, getting them bespied, beheaded. Carlyle, Fr. Rev.,Yt. III. Bk. III. ch. viii. BESTAR BETATTERED BESTAR, to illumine, or to spangle. The poem from which the second ex- tract is taken has also been attributed to Herrick. In the last quotation the word means adorned with a star of some knightly order. O lady-cow, Thou shalt no more bestar thy wanton brow "With thine eyes' rayes. Sylvester, The Trophies, 274. A rich mantle he did wear, Made of tinsel gossamer ; Bestarred over with a few Diamond drops of morning dew. Mennis, Oberon's Apparel (1655). The late first lord of the Admiralty . . . remains among his bestarred colleagues still Mr. Smith. Spectator, June 12, 1880, p. 739. BEST-BE-TRUST, credit. Thy muse is a nayler, and wears clothes upon best-be-tntat ; thou'rt great in some- body's books for this, thou know'st where : thou wouldsb be out at elbows and out at heels too, but that thou layest about thee with a bill for this, a bill. Dekker, Satiro- mastix (Hawkin's Eny. Dr., III. 173). BESTE, a game like loo : sometimes written beast. For these you play at purposes, And love your loves with A's and B's ; For these at Beste and L' Ombre woo, And play for love and money too. Hudibras, III. i. 1007. She could willingly claw Admiral Pen- guin's eyes out for not being able to save her from being beasted ; while Dame Owlet is . . . thinking to herself how fortunate she is to have snug in her own hand the happy card that is to do the business. Nares, Thinks I to Myself, ii. 136. BESTEER, to guide, pilot. How blest wert thou that didst thee so besteere. Davies, /Sonnet to Sir T. Erskin. BESTOCK, to stock or furnish. And now yf ther a man be founde, That lookes for such prepared grownd, Lett hym, but with indifferent skill, Soe good a soile beestocke and till. Herrick, Appendix, p. 439. BESTOW AT, to bestow or spend on. Two shafts I vainly did bestow At two great princes, but of both my arrows neither slew. Chapman, Iliad, v. 209. BESTRADDLE, to straddle across. My mischievous imagination would picture him spurring a cask of hardware, like rosy Bacchus bestriding a beer-barrel, or the little gentleman who bestraddles the world in the front of Hutching's Almanack. Irving, Salmagundi, No. 12' BESTRAPPED, strapped up. The young lion's whelp has to grow up all bestrapped, bemuzzled. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 86. BESTROKE, to caress. "Who would not then consume His soule to ashes in that rich perfume, Bestroakiny fate the while He burns to embers on the pyle ? Herrick, Appendix, p. 449. BESTUCK, studded. Thou little tricksy Puck, With antic toys so funnily bcstuck, Light as the singing-bird that wings the air. Hood, Ode to my Son. BESULLY, to render foul or unpleas- ing. The verses in which the extract occurs are attributed by some to W. Stroude. The limber corps, besully'd o'er "With meagre paleness, does display A middle state 'twixt flesh and clay. p. Corbet on Faireford Windows. BESUNG, celebrated in song. Bewailed, bewept, besitng by the whole French people to this hour, it may be re- garded as Barrere's masterpiece. Carlyle, Fr. Sev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. vi. BESWARM, to overrun. On th' other side, Thrace subtle Greece be- swarms. Sylvester, The Colonies, 356. BESWEETEN, to make sweet. In some copies the word is besweeted. The elves present, to quench his thirst, A pure seed-pearl of infant dew, Brought and besireetned in a blew And pregnant violet. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 126. BESWELTERED, draggled. Doughtye Cloanthus And oother Trojans with rough seas storm ye besweltred. Stanyhurst, dn., i. 497. BETAINT, stained. "What gars this din of mirk and baleful harm, Where every wean is all betaint with blood ? Greene, James IV., i. 3. BETAKE, to take wrongly ; to mistake. So He was . . . the Lamb that hath been slain from the beginning of the world : and therefore He is called juye sacrificiitm, a con- tinual sacrifice ; and not for the continuance of the mass, as the blanchers have blanched it and wrested it, and as I myself did once betake it. Latimer, i. 73. BETATTERED, torn. She brought a gown with her, but so be- patch'd and betatter'd, I'll warrant you it had been two hundred years out of fashion. T. Broirn, Works, i. 240. BETHEL ( 57 ) BE VILLAIN BETHEL See quotation. in the year 1680 Bethel and Cornish were chosen sheriffs. The former used to walk about more like a corn-cutter than Sheriff of London. He kept no house, but lived upon chops, whence it is proverbial for not feast- ing to Bethel the city. North, Examen, p. 93. BETHUNDER, to strike as with thunder. A Tuileries sold to Austria and Coblentz should have no subterranean passage. Out of which might not Coblentz or Austria issue some morning, and, with cannon of long range, foudroyer, bethunder a patriotic Saint- Antoine into smoulder and ruin? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. III. ch. v. BETHWACK, to belabour. You have so skilfully hampered, bethwacked, belammed, and bebumped the catchpole. Urguhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. xiii. BETIDE, fortune. My wretched heart, wounded with bad betide, To crave his peace from reason is addrest. Greene, from Never too Late, p. 299. BETITLE, to entitle. The king-killers were all swept away, and a milder second picture was painted over the canvas of the first, and betitled, Glorious Revolution. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 82. BETOCSIN, to sound the tocsin, or to assail with the tocsin. It has deliberated, beset by a hundred thousand armed men with artillery-furnaces and provision-carts. It has been betocsined, bestormed. C'arlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VII. ch. v. BETOILED, wearied with toil. Poor Lackalls, all betoiled, besoiled, en- crusted into dim defacement. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. IV. ch. iii. BETRAMPLE, to trample down. Out of which strange fall of formulas, tumbling there in confused welter, letram- pled by the patriotic dance, is it not passing strange to see anew formula arise? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. iv. BETRAYNTED, same as bedreinted (?), i.e. drenched, fully imbued. "With teares all bedreint '' (Chaucer, Court of Love, 577). I thus muttered with roystring phrensye betraynted. Stanyhurst, &n., ii. 611. BETTERMENT, improvement. In the extract from Buiiyan no betterment = nothing to choose. In very deed, God doth as doth a prudent Sire, Who little careth what may crosse his child's desire, But what may most availe unto his better- ment. Sylvester, Paradox against Libertie, 243. Truly, said Christian,! have said the truth of Pliable, and if I should also say the truth of myself, it will appear there is no better- ment 'twixt him and myself. Pilyrim's Pro- gress, Pt. i. p. 35. What betterment has since taken place in workhouses is largely due to her initiative. Guardian Newspaper, June 9, 1880, p. 767. BETURBAXED, adorned with a turban. In the extract it rather means suggest- ive of a turban. He had composed the first act of his " Sultan Selim ; " but, in defiance of the metre, he soon changed the title to " Sultan Amurath," considering that a much fiercer name, more bewhiskered and beturbaned. De Qiiincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 48. BETWEENITY, intermediate condition. In the second extract cuckoldom is re- ferred to. The house is not Gothic, but of that betweenity that intervened when Gothic de- clined and Palladian was creeping in. Wai- pole, Letters, ii. 174 (1760). This state of man, and let me add obscenity, Is not a situation of betweenity, As some word-coiners are disposed to call't Meaning a mawkish as-it-were-ish state, Containing neither love nor hate A sort of water-gruel without salt. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 206. The letters were written not for publica- tion . . . and to rejoin heads, tails, and beticeenities which Hayley had severed. Southey, Letters, iii. 448. BETWIT, to taunt. Strange how these men, who at other times are all wise men, do now in their drink betuntt and reproach one another with their former conditions. Pepys, April 2, 1661. BE-ULCER, to cover with ulcers. Satan . . . having Job in his power . . . only lie-ulcered him on his skin and outside of his body. Fuller, Worthies, Yorkshire (ii. 520;. BEVEILED, covered with a veil. Wee keepe thee midpath with darcknesse mightye beueyled. Stanyhurst, ^En., ii. 369. BEVILLAIN, to abuse as a villain. North has also berogue, p. 117, which word, however, is in N. with a quot- ation from another writer. Cf. BE- RASCAL. After Mr. S. Atkins had bevillained the Captain sufficiently, he was bid consider till the afternoon. North, Examen, p. 247. BE VOMIT ( 58 ) BIBLIOLOGIST BEVOMIT, to vomit at or round. Mentz is changing into an explosive crater ; vomiting fire, bevomited with fire. Carlyle, Fr. Eev., Pt. III. Bk. III. ch. iv. BEWELCOME, to greet with welcome. King Helenus, with a crowding coompanye garded, From towne to us bnskling, vs as his freends freendlye bewelcomd. Stanyhurst, JEn., iii. 359. BEWHISKEB, to adorn with whiskers. See extract, s. v. BETURBANED. 'Twas she who bewhisker'd St. Bridget. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, iv. 12. The rest of the traiu had been metamor- phosed in various ways ; the girls trussed up in the finery of the ancient belles of the Bracebridge line, and the striplings bewhis- kered with burnt cork. Irving, Sketch-Book (Christinas Dinner). BEWHISTLE, to whistle round. Dumouriez and his Staff strike the spurs in deep ; vault over ditches into the fields, which prove to be morasses ; sprawl and plunge for life, bewMstled with curses and lead. Carlyle, Fr. Eev., Pt. III. Bk. III. ch. vi. BE WHITEN, to make white. The cot that's all bewhiten'd o'er, With children playing at the door. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour I. c. xix. BEWIGGED, adorned with a wig. See quotation, s. v. BEHATTED. There was one individual who amused us mightily: this was one of the lemyyed gentlemen in the red robes. Sketches by Boz (Doctors' Commons). She saw strange old women, painted, pow- dered, and bewigyed, in hideous imitation of youth. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. xiv. The pile was in half a minute pushed over to an old beioigged woman with eye-glasses pinching her nose. G. Eliot, Daniel De- ronda, ch. i. BEWINGED, furnished with wings. An angel throng, beicinged, bedight In veils and drowned in tears, Sit in a theatre, to see A play of hopes and fears. E. A. Poe, Conquering Worm (ii. 31). BEWIZARD, to affect by magical arts. She cannot, by what conjuring you will, Be more beioizarded than I'm bewitched. Taylor, St. Clemenfs Eve, i. 2. BEWOUND, to inflict wounds. With wounded spirit I salute Thy wounds, O aM-beteounding Sacrifice for sinne ! Davies, Muse's Sacrifice, p. 16. BEWPERS, material for flags. With my cozen Richard Pepys upon the 'Change about supplying us with bevpers from Norwich, which I should be glad of, if cheap. Pepys, June 16, 1664. BEYSAUNCE, obeisance. The ancient trade of this realm in education of youth (before the late time replenished with all mischief) was to yoke the same with the fear of God, in teaching the same to use prayer morning and evening, ... to make beysaunce to the magistrates, &c. Huggard, Displaying of the Protestants, p. 85 (1556). BIB-ALL-NIGHT, a confirmed toper. Bats, Harpies, Syrens, Centaurs, Bib-all- nights. Sylvester, Lacrymm Lacrymaruni, 101. BIBATION, drinking. Royal cheer and deep libation. S. Naylen Reynard the Fox, 4. BIBBERY, drinking. I never eat any confections, page, whilst I am at the bibbery. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xl. BIBLE-OATH, a solemn oath taken on the Bible. Cf. BOOK OATH. Madam Marwood took a book, and swore us upon it, but it was but a book of poems. So long as it was not a Bible-oath, we may break it with a safe conscience. Congreve, Way of the World, v. 2. They say this Comnenus is sworn friend and minister to the Devil. I tell thee Satan took his Bible-oath to back him out in aught he put his hand to. Taylor, Isaac Comnenus, i. 3. I doubted the correctness of your state- ment, though backed by your lordship's Bible-oath. Thackeray, Virginians, ch. xcii. BIBLICALITY, any matter connected with the Bible. He would study theology, biblicalities, . . . then seek to obtain orders. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, Pt. I. ch. xv. BIBLIOGONY, birth or pedigree, i. e. authorship of books. If, I say, the book of the Doctor were in like manner to be denominated, according to one or other of the various schemes of biblio- gony. which have been devised for explaining its phenomena, the reader might be expected in good earnest to exclaim, " Bless us, what a word on a title-page is this ! " Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter xiii. BIBLIOLOGIST, one learned in biblio- graphy. If it has not been satisfactorily ascertained whether there were one, two, three, or four John Websters, after so much careful investi- gation by the most eminent bibliologiats, . . . by whom can the question be answered con- cerning the authorship of this Opus ? Sonthey, TJie Doctor, Interchapter xviii. BIBLIOLOGY ( 59 ) BILAND BIBLIOLOGY, book-lore. He must be little versed in liUioloyy who has not learnt that such reminiscences are not more agreeable to an author himself than they are to his readers (if he obtain any) in after times. Southey, The Doctor, Inter- chapter x. BIBLIOPOLIC, pertaining to book- selling. Sartor Resartus . . . was not then even a book, but was still hanging desolately under bibliopolic difficulties, now in its fourth or fifth year, on the wrong side of the river, as a mere aggregate of Magazine Articles. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, Pt. II. ch. ii. BID AND BEADS. This appears from the context to be some sort of neckcloth or ruffle. I have not been able yet to langh him out of his long bid and leads. Indeed that is because my mother thinks they become him ; and I would not be so free with him as to own I should choose to have him leave it off. If he did, so particular is the man, he would certainly, if left to himself, fall into a King- William's cravat, or some such antique chin- cushion, as by the pictures of that prince one sees was then the fashion. Richardson, Cl. ffarlowe, ii. 6. BIDDABLE, complying ; obedient. She is exceedingly attentive and useful, and not at all presumptuous ; indeed I never saw a more biddable woman. Dickens, Dom- bey and Son, ch. viii. A more gentle, biddable invalid than the poor fellow made can hardly be conceived. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. xliv. BIDENT, an instrument with two prongs. They are all bound t' him (on my word) : Mars for his Cuirace, Shield, and Sword ; The blust'ring JSol for his bident, And Neptune for his massy trident. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 232. BIENNESS, prosperity. There was a prevailing air of comfort and " bienness " about the people and their houses. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. ii. BIFARIOUS, twofold ; facing both ways. He is a violent moderator among such bifarious anythingarians, that always make their interest the standard of their religion. T. Urown, Works, iii. 97. BIFOBKED, having two ridges. Bi- furcated is more common. " The bi- f orked hill " is Parnassus. "Tis true with little care, and far less skill, I pace a Poney on the bifork'd Hill. Colman, Vagaries Vindicated, p. 175. BIFRONT, twofaced. "While bi-front Janus' frosty frowns do threat. Sylvester, second day, first weeke, 492. O ! let the honour of their names be kept, For having quencht so soon so many fires, Disarm'd our arms, appeas'd the heav'nly ires, Calm'd the pale horror of intestin hates, And dammed up the bi-front Father's gates. Ibid., the Handy-Crafts, 49. BIG, winter barley. See quotation from Harl. Misc., s.v. BEAR; also L. The big (viz. a four-rowed barley) is seldom ripe. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 273. They have commonly pottage to dinner composed of cale or cole, leeks, barley or biff, and butter. Smollett, Humphrey Clinker, ii. 104. BIGTH, size ; bigness. The extract is part of a receipt "for to kill a corn." Take of the bigth of a walnut of all yeast that is hard, and sticks to the tub side. Queen's Closet Opened, p. 104 (1655). BIG-WIG, a high official ; in the quot- ation from Dickens, an eminent lawyer. " "We'll have a biy-icig, Charley ; one that's got the greatest gift of the gab to carry on his defence." . . . . " "What a game ! what a regular game ! All the big-wigs trying to look solemn, and Jack Dawkins addressing of 'em as intimate and comfortable as if he was the judge's own son making a speech arter dinner." Dickens, Olive)- Tivist, ch. xliii. Her husband was a member of the Cham- ber of Deputies, a Conseiller d'Etat, or other French big-icig. Thackeray, The Neiccomes, ch. xlvi. So you are going to sit among the big-trigs in the House of Lords. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xlv. BIGWIGGISM, pomposity, as exhibited by big-wigs, q. v. I determined not to try anything in Lon- don for a good many years at least. I didn't like what I saw when I was studying there so much empty bigirigyism and obstructive trickery. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. xvii. BILAND, peninsula. At p. 668 of Holland' s Camden it is used indiffer- ently with the word " promontory " in reference to the S. W. portion of Car- narvonshire. It is also spelt byland. From S. Michael's Mount Southward, im- mediately there is thrust forth a Inland or demi-Isle. Holland's Camden, p. 189. Beneath this, lyeth West-Grower, and by reason of two armes of the Sea winding in, on either side one, it becometh a biland. Ibid. p. 646. BILGE ( 60 ) BIRD IN THE HAND BILGE, to knock a hole in the bilge, being that part of the bottom of a ship on which she would rest if aground. "We chased a schooner, which ran on shore and bilged. Marry at, Fr. Mildtnay, ch. xiv. BILK, fallacious. The word was com- mon as a verb, and is still in use ; also as a substantive = nothing, as in the second quotation (see also Jonson, Tale of Tub, I. i. ; Hudibras, III. Hi. 376) ; but the adjectival use is rarer. To that [Oates's plot] and the author's bilk account of it I am approaching. North, Eiamen, p. 129. Bedloe was sworn, and being asked what he knew against the prisoner, answered, Nothing. . . . Bedloe was questioned over and over, who still swore the same bilk. Ibid. p. 213. BILLETING, an architectural term ap- plied to an ornament often used in Norman work, being an imitation of wooden billets placed in a hollow moulding. The piers are enriched with groupes of small columns supporting arches ornamented with archivolts of mouldings enriched with billeting. W. Wilkins, 1796 (Archasol., xii. 164). BILLY-ROLLER. See extract. " What is the billy-roller ?" . . . " It's a long stout stick, ma'am, that's used often and often to beat the little ones employed in the mills when their strength fails." Mrs. Trollope, Michael Armstrong, ch. xiv. BILOCATION. See extract. The word bilocation has been invented to express the miraculous faculty possessed by certain saints of the Roman Church, of being in two places at once. E. Tylor, Primitive Culture, i. 447. BIND. See extract, and H., s. v. A bind of eels consists of ten sticks, and every stick of twenty-five eels. Archaol.. xv. 357 (1806). BIND. When a falcon seized on its prey it was said to bind with it. A bardie hawke is highly esteemed, and they have a kind of them . . so strangely courageous, that nothing flieth in the aire that they will not bind with. Sandys, Tra- vels, p. 76. A cast of haggard falcons, by me mann'd, Eyeing the prey at first, appear as if They did turn tail ; but with their labouring wings Getting above her, with a thought their pinions Cleaving the purer element, make in, And by turns bind with her. Masfinger, The Guardian, I. i. BIND PRENTICE, lay under compul- sion. His promise had liound him prentice. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 57. BINGO, brnndy (slang). It is in allu- sion probably to this sense of the word that Scott culled the sottish baronet in St. Kenan's Well Sir Bingo Binks. Some soda-water with a dash of bingo clears one's head in the morning. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xxxiii. BINGY, sour. I've heerd my aunt say as she found out as summat was wrong wi' Nancy as soon as the milk turned Irinyy, for there ne'er had been such a clean lass about her milk-cans afore that. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xv. BIOGRAPHEE, the subject of a bio- graphy. There's too much of the biographer in it, and notenough of the biographee. Athenaum, Nov. 29, 1879, p. 687. BIOGRAPHIST, biographer. Want of honest heart in the Bioyraphists of these Saints . . betrayed their pens to snch abominable untruths. Fuller, Worthies, ch. iii. BIRCH, to strike with the birch ; to flog. There I was birch'd, there I was bred, There like a little Adam fed From Learning's woeful tree ! Hood, Ode on Prospect of Claphain Academy. BIRD-BAITING. See quotation, and H., s. v. Bird-batting. These people who now approached were no other, reader, than a set of young fellows who came to these bushes in pursuit of a diversion which they call bird-baiting. This ... is performed by holding a large clap-net before a lantern, and at the same time beating the bushes ; for the birds when they are dis- turbed from their places of rest or roost immediately make to the light, and so are enticed within the net. Fielding. Jos. An- drews, Bk. II. ch. x. BIRD-BOW, a bow for shooting bird- bolts, q. v. in N. The extract is from a deposition made towards the end of the sixteenth century. About one birdebowe shot from the said Master Throckmorton's House, this Examiu- ate, walking with Penry, saw lying before him in ye way a Roll of Paper. Arber, In- trod, to Marprelate Controversy, p. 134. BIRD IN THE HAND, something cer- tain or practical, as opposed to the bird BIRDLESS BISHOPESS in the bush, which is remote and un- certain. The Prince knew well where he was now ; *vhen all their capitulations were held to be star-shootings, flashes, and meteors, with- out the bird in the hand. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 163. Simple ! let fly the bird toithin the hand, To catch the bird again within the bush. Tennyson, Harold, II. ii. BIRDLESS. See extract. He had hearde of a certaine rocke in the Indies, whiche by reason of the exceeding height of it is called in Greke aopvot. bird- lesse, as if ye would saie, so high that the birdes maie not get to the toppe of it. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 217. BIRDLIME, a thief ; one to whom other people's property sticks ; also as an adj. thievish. Of. LIME-FINGERED. My rogue of a son has laid his birdlime fingers on't. Vanbrugh, Confederacy, III. ii. That birdlime there stole it. Ibid. v. 2. BIRD'S-EYE, having yellow spots like birds' eyes. He wore a blue bird's-eye handkerchief round his neck. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xviii. BIRDSNIE, a term of endearment. Cf. PlGSNIE. Oh my sweet birdsnie, what a wench have I of thee ! Davenport, City Night-Cap, Act BIRDS OF A FEATHER, people of the same character or appearance. The last extract gives the full form of the pro- verb. Reboam, scorning these old senators, Leans to his younglings, minions, flatterers, Birds of a feather that with one accord Cry out, importune, and persuade their lord Not sillily to be by such disturb'd. Sylvester, The Schisme, 80. These, for distinction, and that they might be known all birds of a feather, are suited in cassocks with a white guard athwart, which gave this the name of the Parliament of white bends. Hist, of Edward II., p. 58. The idle and dissipated like birds of a feather fock together. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ixv. BIRTHDAYS seems to be used in ex- tract for days of infancy. Kent thy birthdays, and Oxford held thy youth. Epitaph on Sir Ph. Sidney, 1591 (Eny. Garner, i. 292). BISCUIT-WORMS, weevils. The fol- lowing is from the first edition of the Ancient Mariner (Lyrical Ballads, 1798) ; in later editions the line runs, " It ate the food it ne'er had eat." The marineres gave it biscuit-worms, And round and round it flew. Coleridge, Ancient Mariner, Pt. i. BISEXED, of two sexes. Sylvester calls Adam and Eve " our bisexed parents free from sin " (Colonies, 22). The word (but for the context) might be taken as = hermaphroditical, in which sense Sir T. Browne uses bisexous. BISHOP, to exercise episcopal func- tions (not only to confirm). Harding and Saunders bishop it in England. Fuller, Ch. Hist., IX. ii. 12 (margin). Kit-hard Smith, titulary Bishop of Chalce- don, taking his honor from Greece, his profit from uglaud (where he bishoped it over all the Romish Catholiques), was now very busie. Ibid. XI. ii. 7. BISHOP. In 1831 two men, Bishop and Williams, drowned an Italian boy in Bethnal Green, in order to sell his body to the doctors. In the extract the speaker intends to throw overboard a young fellow whose father he had murdered some years before. In spite of this passage, Bishop has escaped the unenviable privilege enjoyed by Burke, q. v., of adding a new word to the Eng- lish language. I Burked the papa, now I'll Bishop the son. Inyoldsby Leg. (Account of a new play). BISHOP. It is said of milk, soup, &c. that is burnt that the bishop has put his foot in it ; see first extract. If the porridge be burned too, or the meat over-roasted, we say, The bishop hath put his foot in the pot, or, The bishop hath played the cook, because the bishops burn whom they lust, and whosoever displeaseth them. Tyndale, i. 304. Spare your ladle, sir; it will be as the bishop's foot in the broth. Milton, Animadv. on Remonstr., sect. 1. Lady Ans. Why sure, Betty, thou art bewitcht ; this cream is burnt too. Lady Sm. Why, Madam, the bishop has set his foot in it. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. i.). Have an eye to th' milk, and see as it doesna' boil o'er, for she canna stomach it if it's bishopped e'er so little. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. iv. BISHOPESS, female bishop, or a bishop's wife. In the extract the Popish lam- pooner puts the word into the mouth of Queen Elizabeth. I'll see who 'tis that dare deny 'em For Bishops, full as good as I am ; BISHOPLESS ( 62 ) BLABBER-LIPPED Only in jurisdiction less Than us, their Supream Bishopess. Ward, England's Reformation, c. ii. p. 165. BISHOPLESS, without a bishop. Landaff, . . for the poorness thereof, lay Bishopless for three years after the death of Bishop Kitchin. Fuller, Worthies, Wales (ii. 560). BISHOPBIC. The county palatine of Durham was so called ; the Bishop pre- vious to Will. IV., 6&7,19, having had palatine authority therein. The air in this Bisliopric is pretty cold and piercing. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Brit., iii. 220. Mr. Greaves . . danced at the [York] As- sembly with a young lady from the bishopric. Smollett, Sir L. Greaves, ch. iii. BISHOPSHIP, episcopacy. If therefore the superiority of bishopship be grounded on the priesthood as a part of the moral law, it cannot be said to be an imitation. Milton, Reason of Ch. Gov., Bk. I. ch. iii. With the abolition of Most Christian King- ship, and Most Talleyrand Bishopship, all loyal obedience, all religious faith, was to expire. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. vii. BISK, to erase ( Wright's Prov. Diet.). Southey is referring to a chapter in The Doctor which some prudish book-club had exscinded. He seems to mean that it was cut out, not merely blotted out with a pen. The chapter condemned to that operation, the chapter which has been not bisked, but semiramised, is the hundred and thirty-sixth chapter, concerning the pedigree and birth of Nobs. Southey, The Doctor, chapter extra- ordinary. BISYLLABLE, dissyllable, which is the more usual word. To every bisillable they allowed two times, and to a trissillable three times. Puttenham, Arte of Ena. Poesie, Bk. II. ch. iii. BIT, AT FULL, unrestrained (so we speak of giving the reins to passion). Israel, whom God calleth Jeshurun, and compareth to an heifer fed in large and fruitful pastures, going always at full bit, grew fat and wanton. Sanderson, iii. 194. BITCHERY, whoredom. Thither run Sots purely to be drunk that they may . . forget the treachery of their friends, the falsehood of their wives, the dis- obedience of their children, the roguery of their lawyers, the bitchery of their paramours, or the ingratitude of the world. T. Brmcn, Works, iii. 94. BITE. The Diets, illustrate this word in the sense of a deception, but in all the examples the word is preceded by the article ; it was, however, also used as an interjection = the modern expression, Sold I and also adjectivally, as by Cibber. In the Spectator, No. 504, the greater part of which refers to this word (see also No. 47), there is a story of a man condemned to be hung, who sold the reversion of his body to a surgeon for a guinea. " This witty rogue took the money, and, as soon as he had it in his fist, cries, Bite ! I am to be hang'd in chains." Miss. I'm sure the gallows groans for you. Nev. Bite, Miss ; I was but in jest. Sicift, Polite Conversation (Conv. i.). Ld. Mo. 'Tis possible I may not have the same regard to her frown that your Lordship has. Ld. Fop. That's Bite, I am sure ; he'd give a joint of his little finger to be as well with her as I am. Cibber, Careless Husband, Act III. BITE IN, to swallow or conceal. It was worth seeing how manly hee could bite in his secret want, and dissemble his over-late repentance. Hall, Epistles, Dec. i. Ep. 5. Let him, being put into that torturous engine of burning brass, called the horse, bite in his anguish. Adams, i. 439. BITE-SHEEP, a scurrilous corruption of Bishop. Gauden speaks of those who called the Bishops " the Popes, the Antichrists, the Bite-sheeps, the Oppress- ors," &c., and goes on to say, "These foule glosses first made by Martin Mar- prelate" {Tears of the Church, p. 617). BITTER, to make bitter : the com- pound embitter is common. 'Tis hops that give a bitterness to beer. Would not horse-aloes bitter it as well ? Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 21. BIZZARRE, eccentric. L. gives the word, but no earlier example than from Hume. Matter and Motions are bizarr things, humoursome and capricious to excess. Gentleman Instructed, p. 559. Although he was very grave in his own person, he loved the most bizarr and irregular wits. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 117. BLABBER-LIPPED, having thick lips. See extract, s. v. BAKER-LEGGED. Van. My poore cosin that attends the Dutchesse, Lady Jeronime. Eur. What, that blaberlijrt blouse ? Chap- man, Mons. D'Olivc, v. i. BLABBING-BOOKS ( 63 ) BLACK SHEEP BLABBING-BOOKS, tell-tales. These are the nettlers, these are the blabbing-books that tell, though not half, your fellows feats. Milton, Animadv. on Remonst. Def., sect. 1. BLACK, ugly. Cf . the Latin niger. Though I am black, I am sure all the world will not forsake me ; and, as the old proverb is, though I am black, I am not the devil. Peele, Old Wives' Tale, p. 453. To break off this for the entertainment of vanity is more absurd than for a husband to leave his fair and chaste wife, peerless for beauty and innocency, for the embraces of a black and stigmatical strumpet. Adams, iii. 89. BLACK- ART, magic. These "Wizzards ween to win it by Black' Art. Sylvester, The Trophies, p. 631. Yet will he never study the black and senseless art of calculating his birth and death. Ward, Sermons, p. 54. BLACK-ARTIST, a magician. Let's also flee the furious-curious Spell Of those Black-Artists that consult with Hell To finde things lost. Sylvester, Little Bartas, 408. BLACK-A-TOP, black-haired. Can you fancy that black-a-top, snub-nosed, sparrow-mouthed, paunch-bellied creature? Bailey's Erasmus, p. 31. BLACKAVICED, dark - complexioned. See Jamieson, s. v. I would advise her blackaviced suitor to look out ; if another comes with a longer or clearer rent-roll, he's dished. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xix. BLACKBACK, the great black-backed gull Larus Marinus. Below them from the Gull-rock rose a thousand birds, and filled the air with sound ; the choughs cackled, the hacklets wailed, the great blackbacks laughed querulous defiance at the intruders. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. xxxii. BLACKGUARD, to abuse. There's enough of this chaff ; I have been called names and blackguarded quite suffi- ciently for one sitting. Thackeray, New- comes, ch. xxix. BLACK-HEART, a species of cherry. The unnetted black-hearts ripen dark, All thine, against the garden wall. Tennyson, The Blackbird. BLACK MONDAY. Easter Monday in 1360 was so cold that many of Edward III.'s soldiers, then before Paris, died. See H. and N. North's explanation refers to some eclipse, but I have been unable to discover any eclipse, likely to be meant by him, occurring on a Mon- day ; perhaps he had an idea that the extreme cold on Easter Monday 1360 was caused by an eclipse. Black Mon- day also = the Monday on which school reopens. The darkness was greater than under the great solar eclipse that denominated Black Monday. North, Examen, p 505. She now hated my sight, and made home so disagreeable to me, that what is called by school-boys Black Monday was to me the whitest in the whole year. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. VIII. ch. xi. BLACK -MOUTHED, abusive; foul- mouthed. See extract, s.v. AVUNCULIZE. BLACK-ON-WHITE, manuscript: usually written black-and-white, as in the first quotation. Now am I down in black and white for a tame fool ; is it not so ? Richardson, Grandi- son, ii. 69. The original covenant stipulating to pro- duce Paradise Lost on the one hand and five pounds sterling on the other still lies (we have been told) in black-on-white, for in- spection and purchase by the curious, at a bookshop in Chancery Lane. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 79. His accounts lie all ready, correct in black- on-white to the uttermost farthing. Ibid., Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. II. ch. viii. BLACK ox (see N.) is applied to one worn out with age or care. A different proverb seems referred to in the ex- tract. "Was he not known to have been as wild a man, when he was at first introduced into our family, as he now is said to be ? Yet then the common phrase of wild oats, and black oxen, and such-like were qualifiers. Richardson, Cl. Harloroe, i. 344. BLACK-POT, drinking pot, and so a reveller. I'll be prince of Wales over all the black- pots in Oxford. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 160. BLACK SHEEP, a reprobate ; a mau- vais sujet. See another extract from Thackeray, s. v. CLOTH. Jekyl . . is not such a black sheep neither but what there are some white hairs about him. Scott, St. Ronarfs Well, ii. 312. Their father had never had the courage to acquaint them with his more true, kind, and charitable version of Tom's story. So he passed at home for no better than a black sheep. Thackeray, Neiccomes, ch. v. BLADDER Y BLAY BLADDERY, swollen out like bladders. In dim sea-cave with bladdery sea- weed strewed. Coleridge, To a Lady. See as they float along th' entangled weeds Slowly approach, upborne on bladdery beads. Crabbe, The Borough, Letter ix. BLADE, to take by force, as with the sword or blade. At Damon's lodging if that you see Auy sturre to arise, be still at haude by mee ; Rather than I will lose the spoile, I will Made it out. Edwards, Damon and Pithias (Dodsley, O. PI., i. 248). BLADER, one who makes knife-blades. One may justly wonder how a knife may be sold for one penny, three trades, anciently distinct, concurring thereunto, bladers, haft- makers, and sheath-makers, all since united into the Corporation of Cutlers. Fuller, Worthies, Yorkshire (ii. 492). BLADES. This seems to have been one of the cant names for the roaring boys in the seventeenth century. Cf. UN BLADE. I do not all this while account you in The list of those are called the blades that roar In brothels, and break windows ; fright the streets At midnight, worse than constables ; and sometimes Set upon innocent bell-men to beget Discourse for a week's diet ; that swear dammes To pay their debts, and march like walking armories, With poniard, pistol, rapier, and batoon, As they would murder all the king's liege people. And blow down streets. Shirley, The Gamester, Act I. BLANCHER, a glosser. It is usually a sporting term, and so Latimer uses it, p. 76. See N. , s. v. So He was . . the Lamb that hath been slain from the beginning of the world ; and therefore he is called juye sacrificium, a con- tinual sacrifice ; and not for the continuance of the mass, as the blanchers have blanched it and wrested it, and as I myself did once betake it. Latimer, i. 73. BLAND. See quotation. She filled a small wooden quaigh from an earthen pitcher which contained bland, a sub- acid liquor made out of the serous part of the milk. Scott, The Pirate, ch. vi. BLANDATION, an illusion ; something that appears, but is unreal, like flattery (the usual meaning of the word). There's no bodie, nothing a meere blanda- tion, a deceptio visus. Chapman, Widdowes Teares, Act V. BLANDILOQUOUS, smooth-speaking. Though he flatter with the voice of the hyena at the door, and give blandiloquous proffers, yet " Janua fallaci non sit aperta viro." Adams, ii. 54. BLANDISH DOWN, to soften. At her right hand in this cause labours fair Josephine, the widow Beauharnais, though in straitened circumstances : intent, both of them, to blandish down the grimness of republican austerity, and recivilize man- kind. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VII. ch. ii. BLANKET. An illegitimate child is said to be born on the wrong side of the blanket. Thof my father wan't a gentleman, my mother was an honest woman ; I didn't come on the wrong side of the blanket, girl. Smollett, Humphrfy Clinker, ii. 185. This person was natural son to a gentle- man of good family. . . " Frank Kennedy," he said, " was a gentleman, though on the icrong side of the blanket." Scott, Guy Man- nering, i. 83. BLANKETING, material of which blan- kets are made. "Witney, ... so famous for the manufac- tures of blanketing and rugs. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, ii. 275. BLASTBOB, gust of wind. Stanyhurst (jfln., i. 559) has blastpufin the same sense. Thee boughs flap whurring, when stem with blastbob is hacked. Stanyhurst, JEn., iv. 467. BLASTERUS, destructive ; blasting. Much lyke as in corneshocks sindged with blastcrns hurling Of South wynd whizeling. Stanyhurst, jEn., ii. 314. BLATER, a calf (slang). To cry beef on a blater = to make a fuss about nothing. Don't be glim-flashy ; why you'd cry beef on a blater. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Ixxxii. BLAY, to bleat. The multitude to Jove a suit imparts, '\Yith neighing, Haying, braying, and barking, Koriug and howling for to have a king. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 398. Then adieu, dear flock, adieu : But alas, if in your straying Heavenly Stella meets with you, Tell her in your piteous Maying Her poor slave's unjust decaying. Ibid., Astr. and Stella, ninth song. He knows not the bleat/ing of a calf from the song of a nightingale. Jltid., Wanstead Pastoral, p. 622. BLAZES BLINKARD BLAZES. Like blazes = very vehe- mently ; like fire (slang). The horse was so maddened by the wound, and the road so steep, that he went like blazes. De Quineey, Spanish Nun, sect. 24. BLAZONMENT, ostentatious publication. Perhaps the person least complacently dis- posed towards him at that moment was Lady Mallinger, to whom going in procession up this country-dance with Grandcourt was a Uazonment of herself as the infelicitous wife who had produced nothing but daughters G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xxxvi. BLEACH, bleak. His devotion is rather to be admired than his discretion to be commended, leaving a fruitfull soile for a bleach, barren place. Fuller, Ch. Hist., I. vi. 4. BLEAR, to loll or thrust out. To go on a man his tiptoes, stretching out the one of his armes forwarde, the other backwarde, which if he blered out his tunge also, myght be thought to daunce anticke verye properlye. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 47. Linyula, a promontorie or hill lying in the sea ; a narrowe peece of land, or a long ridge running into the sea, like a toong blearing out of the mouth. Nomenclator (1585), p. 399. [They] stood staring and gaping upon Him, wagging their heads, writhing their mouths, yea, blearing out their tongues. Andrewes, ii. 173. BLEET, Blitum Virgatum, Strawberry Elite. Such hearbs as haue no streight and direct root, run immediatly into hairie threds, as we may see plainly in the orach and bleet. Holland, Pliny, xix. 6. ; BLEMOS. She left the JEolian harp in the window, as a luxury if she should wake, and coiled herself up among lace pillows and eider blemos. C. Kingsley, Yeast, ch. ii. BLESS ONESELF, to be surprised. See extract from Gentleman Instructed, s. v. SMART. Sir Francis bless'd himself to find such mercy from one whom he had so grievously provok'd. Racket, Life of Williams, i. 84. Could Sir Thomas look in upon us just now, he would bless himself, for we are re- hearsing all over the house. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. xviii. BLESS SELF FROM, have nothing to do with. Since my master longs to be undone, The great fiend be his steward ; I will pray, And bless myself from him. Massinger, City Madam, II. i. Simeon and Levi seemed to have just cause, the whoredom of their own sister, yet then- father calls them brethren in evil for it, blesseth his lionour from their company, aud his soul from their secrecy. Adams, ii. 322. BLINDATION, something that shuts out the light. "We will not sit down charmed with the concealments of these authors, who affectedly build up blindations before one of the foulest knots of iniquity that ever defiled the sun's light. North, Examen, p. 196. BLINDISH, somewhat blind. Gerard's heart was better than his nerves : he saw his friend's mortal danger, aud passed at once from fear to blindish rage. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxiv. BLINDLESS, without blinds. It was my wont to wander all solitary, gazing at the stars through the high blindless windows. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. xx. The new sun Beat through the blindless casement of the room. Tennyson, Geraint and Enid. BLINDLING, blind. O that my head were a fountain of tears, to weep for and bewail the stupidity, yea, the desperate madness, of infinite sorts of people that rush upon death, and drop into hell blindling. Ward, Sermons, p. 57. BLINDMAN'S HOLIDAY, the time when it is too dark to do anything. Florio (1597) has the phrase, s. v. feriato, " vacancie from labour, rest from work, blind mans holiday; " perhaps because then the blind are at no disadvantage. What will not blind Cupid doe in the night, which is his blindman's holiday ? Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 167). Indeed, madam, it is blindmarfs holiday; we shall soon be all of a colour. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. iii.). BLINK. H. says, "According to Ken- nett, MS. Lansd., 1033, a term in set- ting, when the dog is afraid to make his point, but being over-aw'd comes back from the scent." Hence applied to persons who wilfully shut their eyes to something. There's a bitch, Towwouse, by G she never blinked a bird in her life. Fielding, Jos. Andrews, Bk. I. ch. xvi. It is prettily said on behalf of the poetic side of the profession ; there is a prosaic one we'll blink it. Lytton, What will he do with it ? Bk. I. ch. iv'. Then those that did not blink the terror saw That Death was cast to ground. Tennyson, Gareth and Lynttte. BLINKARD, purblind. See quotation s. v. BESPECTACLED. The Diets, only give the word as a substantive. F BLITHE BLOOMLESS Blinkard history has for the most part all but overlooked this aspect. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. v. BLITHE, to rejoice. Take heed by me that blith'd in baleful bliss. Sackville, Duke of Buckingham, st. 68. BLOB, a bubble, splotch, or blot. Tom's friend, being of an ingenious turn of mind, suggested sealing with ink, and the letter was accordingly stuck down with a Mob of ink. Hughes, Tom Brown's School- days, Pt. I. ch. iii. " All that it wants," said Bell, with a criti- cal eye, " is a little woman in a scarlet shawl under the trees there, .... making a little blob of strong colour, you know, just like a lady-bird among green moss. Black, Adven- tures of a Phaeton, ch. v. BLOCK, the head (slang). I cleaned a groom's boots a Toosday, and he punched my block because I blacked the tops. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. xxxv. BLONDNESS, fairness. How lovely this creature was, . . herself so immaculately blond, . . and yet with this infantine blondness showing so much ready, self-possessed grace. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. xvi. BLOOD. Bad blood = anger or dis- union. Partly to make bad blood, and partly to force the king to let the parliament meet and sit, which by diverse prorogations had been put off, and might be so again, they instituted a method of petitioning the king that the parliament might meet and sit. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 25. BLOOD. Best of blood = nearest of kin. He is my brother, and my best of blood. Machin, Dumb Kniyht, Act V. BLOOD-UUILTLESS, free from homicide or murder. I am glad you have got rid of your duel blood-guiltless. Walpole to Mann, iii. 40 (1753). BLOODS, blood relations. I have so many cousins, and uncles, and aunts, and bloods that grow in Norfolk, that if I had portioned out my affections to them, as they say I should, what a modicum would have fallen to each ! Walpole, Letters, i. 99 (1741). BLOODS, lives. The singular is com- mon in this sense, but the Diets, give no instance of the plural. Your majesty remembers, I am sure, What cruel slaughter of our Christian bloods These heathenish Turks and Pagans lately made. Marlmce, 2 Tamburlaine, II. i. Much less can the Seminaries dying in England for treason arrogate to themselves the glory of martyrdom, though a vicious affectation of it hath hardened them to such a prodigality of their bloods. Adams, i. 92. Worthy to be bought with all labour, with expense of goods, with expense of bloods. Ibid. iii. 92. BLOODS. In Peregrine Pickle, ch. xvi., it is stated that the senior boys at Winchester " were distinguished by the appellation of bloods." The term is now unknown in the school, even by tradition. BLOOD-SLOKEN, blood-soaked. The blood that they have shed will hide no longer In the blood-sloken soil, but cries to Heaven. Taylor, Ph. van Art., Pt. II. ii. 1. BLOODSTICK, " a short heavy stick used by farriers to strike their lancet when bleeding a horse " (H., who, how- ever, gives no example). The handle [of the Protestant flail] resem- bled a farrier's bloodstick. North, Examen, p. 573. BLOODSUCK, to suck blood. Shake- speare has the participial adj., " blood- sucking sighs" (3 Hen. VI., V. iv.). Thus bloodsucketh he the poore for his own private profite. Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 418). BLOOD-SUPPER, a murderous or blood- thirsty person. Blood-sucker is used by Shakespeare and others in this sense. A cruell deuelisshe lloudsupper dronken in the bloude of the sayntes and marters of Christ. Simon fish, Su2>plication for the Beggars, p. 6. BLOOD - THIRSTING, thirsting after blood. Assassination, her whole mind Blood-thirsting, on her arm reclined. Churchill, The Duellist, iii. 68. BLOOD-WARM, of the temperature of blood. The Temper of the Water is equal to new Milk, or Blood-warm, procuring a moderate perspiration. Defoe, Tour thro" G. Brit., iii. 85. BLOODYFUL, full of blood. The word in original is crudeles. His brest he vncloased, thee wound, and bluddyful altars. Stanyhurst, JEn.. i. 340. BLOOMLESS, without bloom or blossom. BLOOMSBURY-BIRDS ( 67 ) BLUCHERS The hills are heathy, save that swelling slope, "Which hath a gay and gorgeous covering on, All golden with the ne\er-bloomless furze, Which now blooms most profusely. Coleridge, Fears in Solitude. BLOOMSBURY-BIRDS. Our corner - miching priests with the Bloomesberry- Birds their disciples, and other hot-spirited recusants, cut out the way with the complaints of their (no-grievous) suffer- ings, which involved us in distractions. Racket, Life of Williams, i. 134. BLODSED, clothed in a blouse or loose frock. There was a Housed and bearded French- man or two. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xxxiii. BLOW, to defile. Cf. FLY-BLOW. He suffered them most patiently to lay their hands most violently upon Him, and to bind Him, and to lead Him forth as a thief, and to scorn Him and buffet Him, and ail-to blow or file Him with their spittings. Bale, Select Works, p. 72. BLOWEN, a showy woman : used dis- paragingly (thieves' cant). Why don't they have a short simple service now and then, that might catch the ears of the roughs and the blmoens, without tiring out the poor thoughtless creatures' patience, as they do now ? C. Kingsley, Yeast, ch. xi. BLOWGUN, a gun whose missile was propelled by the breath. Many of them too are armed with the pocuna, or blowyun, of the Indians ; more deadly, because more silent, than the fire- arms. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. xxiii. BLOW HOT AND COLD, to be treacherous or inconsistent. The expression alludes to the story referred to in the first ex- tract. The hermit turned his guest out of doors for this trick, that he could warm his cold hands with the same breath wherewith he cooled his hot pottage. Adams, i. 169. Though she acknowledged she had power from the Emperor to cause cessation of arms in the Palatinate, and undertook to put that power forth, yet with the same breath she blew hot and cold. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 180. I could not lightly agitate and fan The airier motions of an amorous fancy, And by a skill in blowing hot and cold, And changeful dalliance, quicken you with doubts. Taylor, Virgin Widow, iv. 5. BLOW-LINE. Great anglers . . . who could do many things besides handling a blow-line. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, Introd. BLOWN, flattered or puffed up. See N., s. v. I have to do With many men, and many natures. Some That must be blown and soothed, as Lentulus, Whom I have heaved with magnifying his blood. Jonson, Catiline, I. i. BLOWN OFF, exploded. A gross fallacy and inconsequence, con- cluding ab imparibus tanquam paribus, and more than sufficiently confuted and blown off. South, iii. 222. BLOW-OUT, an entertainment or feast. " She sent me a card for her blow-out," said Mowbray, " and so I am resolved to go." Scott, St. Spnan's Well, ii. 264. The giving good feeds is, with many of these worthies, the grand criterion by which the virtues and talents of mankind are mea- sured. In the city, and amongst the junior branches of certain honourable professions, which shall be nameless, the phrase is stronger, but the value and meaning are pre- cisely the same : these persons call a similar favour either a " spread " or a " blow-out." Whenever I hear a man use either of these expressions I take out my note-book and insert his name in a list which I keep there, the classification of which I shall here omit, seeing that it may be sufficient to observe, that the page in which the muster-roll of such persons is written, is that which is the farthest removed from another list which I also keep of gentlemen. Tfi. Hook, Man of Many Friends. BLUBBERATION, crying. They sang a quartetto in grand blubberation, The stranger cried, Oh ! Mrs. Haller cried, Ah! H. and J. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 177. BLUB-CHEEKED, swollen-cheeked. Rough-blustering Boreas, nurst with Ki- phean snowe, And blub-cheekt Auster, puft with fumes before, Met in the midst, justling for room, do roar. Sylvester, The Lawe, 1004. BLUCHERS, boots of a somewhat com- mon and clumsy description. Islington clerks . . walked to town in the conscious pride of white stockings and cleanly-brushed Bluchers. Sketches by Boz (Bloomsbury Christening). It will not unfrequently happen that a pair of trowsers inclosing a pair of boots with iron heels, and known by the name of the cele- brated Prussian General who came up to help the other christener of boots at Water- loo, will be flung down from the topmost story. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xi. I wouldn't have come in these Bluchers, if I had known it. Confound it, no. Hoby himself, my own bootmaker, wouldn't have F 2 BL UDDER BLUE RUIN allowed poor F. B. to appear in Bluchers, if be had known that I was going to meet the Duke. Ibid. ch. xiii. BLUDi)ER,to talk nonsensically. Bale, in his Declaration of Bonnefs Articles (Art. xxxvi.), calls that Bishop "this bussard, this beast, and this bluddering papiste." Ye are much better overseen than learned in the Scriptures of God, as your old blind bluddering predecessors hath been. Bale, Select Works, p. 193. BLUE, to make blue. [God] playd the painter when He did so gild The turning globes, blew'd seas, and green 'd the field. Sylvester, The Magnificence, 1175. BLUE. To look blue = to be sad or discomfited, referring perhaps to the miserable look of a person who is very cold ; so bluely = badly. He still came off, but bluely. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. xxxv. Our cavalier had come off but bluely, had the lady's rigour continu'd. T. Brown, Works, i. 284. Wise sir, I fear We shall come off but blewly here. Ward, England's Reformation, cant. i. p. 67. But when Boscawen came, La Clue Sheer'd off, and look'd confounded Hue. Warton, Neicsman's Verses for 1760. The cunningest engineers can do nothing. Necker himself, were he ever listened to, begins to look blue. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. V. ch. i. BLUE, to make look blue (?) ; to dis- concert (?). King Edward III., who was deeply in love with the Countess of Salisbury, was very for- ward to take up a (blue) garter which happen'd to drop from the lady's leg while she was dancing at a ball. . . This action set many of the company a laughing, which very much blew'd the Countess. Misson, Travels in Eng. p. 170. BLUE, learned, or fond of literature (applied to women) : often employed disparagingly ; also as a substantive, a learned woman. He was a little the more anxious not to be surprised to-night, lest his being too tired for walking should be imputed to his literary preference of reading to a blue. At tea Miss Planta again joined us, and instantly be- hind him went the book ; he was very right, for nobody would have thought it more odd or more blue. Mad. D'Arblay. Diary, iv. 219. Les Dames cles Roches, both mother and daughter, were remarkable and exemplary women ; and there was a time when Poictiers derived as much glory from those blue ladies as from the Black Prince. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ixxxix. BLUE BLOOD, a Spanish expression for noble blood ; probably from the blue veins of the Gothic race appearing be- neath the fair skin, as distinguished from the dark Moors, in whom this would not be visible. There were some foreign officers ; one in particular, from Spain, of high rank and birth, of the sangre azul, the blue blood, who have the privilege of the silken cord, if they should come to be hanged. Miss Edgeworth, Helen, ch. xv. Her blood may be as blue as King Philip's own, but it is Spanish still. Kingsley, West- ward Ho, ch. xxix. Mary. They call him cold, Haughty, ay, worse. Renard. Why, doubtless Philip shows Some of the bearing of your blue blood. Tennyson, Queen Mary, i. 5. BLUE-CAP, a Scotchman. The refer- ence in the first quotation is to the battle of Bannockbourn. A rabble multitude of despised Blue-caps encounter, rout, and break the flower of England. Hist, of Edward II., p. 39. Although he could neither write nor read, Yet our General Lashly cross'd the Tweed, With his gay gang of blew-caps all. Merry Drollerie, p. 93. BLUE EYES, black eyes. To whom are wounds, broken heads, blue eyes, maimed limbs ? Ward, Sermons, p. 150. BLUEISM, the possession or affectation of learning in a woman. He had seen the lovely, learned Lady Frances Bellamy, and had fallen a victim to her beauty and Blueism. Th. Hook, Man of Many Friends. BLUE POINT, something worthless. A point was a tag or lace, and blue was the usual colour of a servant's livery ; hence blue point = some coarse lace or string on a servant's coat. Point by it- self was used in this disparaging sense. In matters not worth a blewe poinct . . we will spare for no cost. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 8. He was, for the respect of his qualities, not to be estemed worth a blewe point or a good lous. Ibid. p. 187. I am sworn servant to Virtue ; therefore a point for thee and thy villanies. Breton, Dream of Strange Effects, p. 17. BLUE RUIN, gin of apparently an in- ferior quality. In a political tract BLUES BLUSH published in 1753, the English are spoken of as " expensive in Hew beer" which may perhaps mean the same as blue ruin (N. and Q., I. ii. 246). He sipped no olden Tom or ruin blue, Or Nautz or cherry brandy. Keats, A Portrait. Some of the whole-hoggery in the House of Commons he would designate by Deady, or Wet and Heavy, some by weak tea, others by Blue ruin, Old Tom, which rises above Blue ruin to the tune of threepence a glass, and, yet more fiery than Old Tom, as being a fit beverage for another Old One who shall be nameless, gin and brimstone. Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter xvi. His ear caught the sound of the word Morbleu ! Pronounced by the old woman under her breath ; Now, not knowing what she could mean by Blue Death, He conceived she referr'd to a delicate brew- ing, "Which is almost synonymous, namely, Blue Euin. Ingoldsby Legends (Bagman's Dog). BLUES. Police, from the colour of their uniform. Well, that's the row, and who can guess the upshot after all ? Whether Harmony will ever make the " Arms " her house of call ; Or whether this here mobbing, as some longish heads fortell it, Will grow to such a riot that the Oxford Blues must quell it. Hood, Row at the Oxford Arms. BLUE-STOCKING, a learned lady. See L., who quotes Boswell's account of the origin of this term ; but De Quincey (Autob. Sketches, i. 358) refers it rather to an old Oxford Statute enjoining the wearing of blue stockings on the stu- dents. Southey says that Madame de Stael collected round her "a circle of literati, the blue legs of Geneva" (Doctor, ch. xxxiv.). Walpole, writing to Hannah More, playfully makes it a verb = to put on blue stockings. When will you blue-stocking yourself, and come amongst us. Letters, iv. 381 (1784). That d d, vindictive, blue-stocking 'd wild cat. Scott, St. Eonan's Well,u. 245. BLUE-STOCKINGER, a literary lady. Who would not be a blue-stockinger at this rate? Mad. D'Arllay, Diary, i. 326. BLUETH, blueness, a cant word of Walpole's. [Strawberry Hill] is now in the height of its greenth, llv.eth, gloomth, honeysuckle, and seringa-hood. Walpole, Letters, i. 347 (1754). I will not, however, tell you that I am content with your being there, till you have seen it in all its greenth and blutth. Ibid. i. 363. BLUEY, blueish. The lips were bluey pale. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. II. BLUNDERBUSS, a blunderer. R. says Pope uses it metaphorically in Dunciad, iii. 150, but it is rather a pun than a metaphor, and is not confined to Pope. In JV. and Q., IV. iii. 561, an old story is related of a lady in a cathedral town asking the schoolmaster, " Is my son in a fair way to be a canon?" U A very fair way, madam ; he is a blunderbuss already." The second extract is de- rived from the same quarter. If any man can shew me a greater Lyer, or a more bragging coxcomb than this blunder- buss, he shall take me, make me his slave, and starve me with whey and buttermilk. Plautus, made English, Preface (1694). No wise man hardly ever reprehends a blunderbuss for his bulle, any other way than by laughing at him. Woolston, Sixth Disc, on Miracles, p. 50 (1729). He too pronounced ex cathedra upon the characters of his cotemporaries. . . One is a blunderbuss, as being a native of Ireland, an- other a half -starved louse of literature from the banks of the Tweed. Smollett, Humphrey Clinker, i. 122. BLUNDERBUSSIER, a man armed with a blunderbuss. To these we may add . . some of the blunderbussiers of the Rye. North, Examen, p. 302. BLUNKETTE, a light-blue colour. See H., s. v. Some (floures) lyghte and entermedled wyth whytishe, some of a sad or darke greene, some watrishe, blunkette,gray, grassie, hoarie, and Leeke coloured. Touchstone of Complexions, p. 100. BLUNT, money (slang). " It's all very well," said Mr. Sikes, " but I must have some blunt from you to-night." "I haven't a piece of coin about me," replied the Jew. Dickens, Oliver Tmst, ch. xxxix. BLUSH. To blush like a black or blue dog = not to blush at all (see N., s. v. black dog). A friend informs me that " to blush like a blue dog in a dark entry " is a phrase familiar to him in this sense from childhood, and such seems to be the meaning in the extract BLUSTER-MASTER ( 7 ) BOB from Swift ; but Gosson appears to em- ploy it as a threat. It has been sug- gested that one who has been beaten black and blue might be said to blush in this way. If it bee my fortune too meete with the learned woorkes of this London Sabinus, that can not playe the part without a prompter, nor vtter a wise worde without a piper, you shall see we will make him to blush like a blacke dogge, when he is graveled. Gosson, Apologie of School of Alnise, p. 75. Lord Sp. (to the Maid). Mrs. Betty, how does your body politick ? Col. Fye, my lord, you'll make Mrs. Betty blush. Lady Sm. Blush ! Ay, blush like a blue dog. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. i.). BLUSTER-MASTER, a great blusterer. Among all devices to thrust him under water that was sinking already, none was hatcht of more despight and indignity than a book publish 'd by a Bluster- Master, ann. 1636, call'd a Coal from the Altar. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 99. BLUSTERY, noisy; bragging. Bluster- ous and blustering are more common. He was a man of incurably commonplace intellect, and of no character but a hollow, blustery, pusillanimous, and unsound one. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, Ft. III. ch. v. Bo. To say bo to a thing to gain- say it. A shy or stupid man is sup- posed not to be able to say Bo to a goose ; the idea perhaps is taken from a timid child, who might easily be frightened by the gabble and hiss. Mr. Random's somewhat obvious repartee is anticipated in Swift's Polite Conv. (Conv. i.). All this may passe in the Queene's peace, and no man say bo to it. Nashe, Lenten Sttiffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 174). We have such a household of serving creatures, unless it be Nick and I, there's not one amongst them all can say bo to a goose. Heywood, Woman Killed, with Kind- ness (Dods'ley, O. Plays, iv. 113). A scholard, when just from his college broke loose, Can hardly tell how to cry Bo to a goose. Swift, Hamilton's Sawn. The soldier with great vociferation swore I was either dumb or deaf, if not both, and that I looked as if I could not say Boh! to a goose. Aroused at this observation, I fixed my eyes upon him, and pronounced with emphasis the interjection, Boh! Smollett, Rod. Random, ch. llv. BOA, a long fur coiled round the neck and shoulders. Poor Shenstone hardly appears more ri- diculous in the frontispiece of his own works, where, in the heroic attitude of a poet who has won the prize, and is about to receive the crowu, he stands before Apollo in a shirt and boa, as destitute of another less dispensable part of dress as Adam in Eden. Southey, The Doctor, ch. ccxxii. BOAK, to butt (as a buck). On the reverse [of a coin] a bull booking with his homes. Hollands Camden, p. 99. BOARD. Beneath or under board = secretly or underhand ; above board is still common. South has knock under board where we should say ' knock under.' Sidney uses under board for under hatches. The Bishop so covertly and clearly con- veyed his matters, playing under the board after his wonted fetches. Foxe, v. 526 (1553). I was taken by pirats, who, putting me under board prisoner, presently set upon another ship. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 29. Those need not to play beneath board who have all the visible game in their own hands. Fuller, Pisgah Sight, I. iii. 6. For persons of honour, power, or place to caress and sooth up men of dangerous prin- ciples, and known disaffection to the govern- ment, with terms and appellations of respect, is manifestly for the government to knock under-board to the faction. South, vi. 80. Here was no acting under board or out of sight ; three millions of men were spectators. Gentleman Instructed, p. 386. BOAT. To be in the same boat = to be in the same condition or circum- stances. What ! haue ye pain ? so likewise pain haue we ; For in one boat we both imbarked be ; Vpon one tide, one tempest doth vs tosse ; Your common ill, it is our common losse. Hudson, Judith, iii. 352. BOATAGE, shipping ; traffic by boats. For the town of Penrith in Cumberland he cut a passage with great Art, Industry, and Expence, from the Town into the River Pet- terill, for the conveiance of Boatcige into the Irish Sea. Fuller, Worthies, Westmoreland (ii. 428). BOAT, to bellow. R. has boation. The Papists teach us to pray unto Thee, and unto all the company of heaven, with boaying and bleating in the quire. liecon, iii. 233. BOB, a shilling (slang). See quota- tions s. v. BENDER and MAGPIE. I changed a shilling (which in town the people call a Bob). Ingolds'iy Leg. (Misad- ventures at Margate). BOBBER BODY " Well, please yourself," quoth the tinker ; " you shall have the books for four bob, and you can pay me next month." " Four bobs four shillings : it is a great sum," said Lenny. Lytton, My Novel, Bk. IV. ch. v. BOBBER, a scoffer. Cf. N., s. v. Bob. The Cholerique are bitter taunters, dry bobbers, nyppinge gybers and skornefull mockers of others. Touchstone of Complex- ions, p. 99. BOBBERY, disturbance : an Anglo- Indian word. I'll bet a wager there'll be a bobbery in the pigsty before long, for they are ripe for mis- chief. Marry at, Peter Simple, ch. ii. He escapes from the city, and joins some banditti, Insensible quite to remorse, fear, and pity ; Joins in all their carousals, and revels, and robberies, And in kicking up all sorts of shindies and bobberies. Ingoldsby Legends (Hermann). BOBBISH, well; in a satisfactory state (slang). It is given as a Wiltshire word in Britton's Beauties of Wilt- shire, 1825. " The pigs is well," said Mr. Squeers ; " the cows is well, and the boys is bobbish." Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby, ch. Ivii. And now are you all bobbish, and how's Sixpennorth of halfpence ? Ibid., Great Expectations, ch. iv. BOBBY, a slang term for a policeman, the force having been instituted by Sir Robert Peel. Cf . PEELER. They don't go a headerin' down here wen there an't no Bobby nor gen'ral Cove fur to hear the splash. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, iii. BOB-FOOL, TO PLAY, to mock. What, do they think to play bob-fool with me ? Greene, Alphonsus K. of An'agon, Act IV. BOB JEROM, a short, unfashionable wig : the one referred to in the second extract was the " coachman's best." " Hate a plaistered pate ; commonly a numscull ; love a good bob jerom." " Why, this is talking quite wide of the mark," said Mr. Hobson, " to suppose a young lady of fortune would marry a man with a bob jerom." Mad. IfArblay, Cecilia, Bk. IX. ch. i. The effect of this full-buckled bob jerom which stuck hollow from the young face and powdered locks of the ensign was irresistibly ludicrous. Ibid., Camilla, Bk. III. ch. xiii. BOBTAIL. See extract. Cousins by mariage, or kinred (as they commonly terme it) by bobtaile. Nomen- clator, p. 533. BOBTAIL, a species of arrow-head. See extract. Those that be lytle brested and big toward the hede called by theyr lykenesse taper fashion, reshe growne, and of some merrye f ellowes bobtayles, be fit for them whiche shote vnder hande. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 126. BOCHER. H. says, " A fish called a backer is mentioned in Brit. ibl., ii. 490." The backer sweet, the pleasant flounder thin. Dennys, Secrets of Angling (Eng. Gar- ner, i. 175). BODDICE, PAIR OF, stays. What a natural fool is he that would be a pair of bodice to a woman's petticoat, to be truss'd and pointed to them. Marston, Mal- content, iii. 1. Showed my wife the periwigg made for me, and she likes it very well, and so to my brother's, and to buy a pair of boddice for her. Pepys, Oct. 30, 1663. BODELOUCE, body-louse. And home she went as brag as it had been a bodelouce, And I after her. as bold as it had been the goodman of the house. Gammer Gurton's Needle, ii. 3 (1551). BODILISE, to make gross, or cor- porealise. Unless we endeavour to spiritualise our- selves, . . . age bodilises us more and more, and the older we grow the more we are embruted and debased. Southey, The Doctor, ch. clxxxiv. BODKIN BEARD, a beard that came down in a point. Taylor, the water- poet (Superbice Flagelhim), mentions among beards, " Some sharp, stiletto- fashion, dagger-like." Scarfs, feathers, and swerds, And thin bodkin-beards. Skelton, Elynaur Eummin (Harl. Misc., i. 416). , BODKIN LOTTERY. Every cobbler here . . . shall outsing Mr. Abel ; . . . every trumpet that attends a bodkin lottery sounds better than Shore. T. rown, Works, ii. 245. BODY. This verb seems formerly to have been used in a technical sense by the Independents. A congregation formed into a Church was said to be bodied, and they who agreed to this consented to bodying. See another extract from Gauden, s. v. INDEPEND- ENTED. BOEDIED BONE That Church-way which they called Con- gregational, or bodying of Christians. Gau- den. Tears of the Church, p. 18. He will not gratifie such a Minister or such a little Congregation in a new exotick way of bodying, that is, formally covenanting and verbally engaging with them and to them beyond the baptismall bond and vow. Ibid. p. 37. BOEDIED, query bodied; but if so, what does it mean ? I went to Dr. Keffler, who married the daughter of the famous chymist Drebbell, inventor of the boedied scarlet. Evelyn, Diary, Aug. 1, 1666. BOG, to botch. I would they would . . . become sincere confessors, or else leave bowing of heresies to their own damnation. Pnilpot, p. 308. BOG. To take bog to scruple or boggle at. Daily experience showeth that many men who make no conscience of a lie, do yet take some bog at an oath. Sanderson, ii. 230. BOGGLE-DE-BOTCH, a mess or hash. A fine boggle-de-botch I have made of it. .... I am aware it is not a canonical word classical, I mean ; nor in nor out of any dic- tionary perhaps but when people are warm, they cannot stand picking terms. Miss Edgeicorth, Helen, ch. xxvi. BOGLET, little bog. Of this tufty flaggy ground, pocked with bogs and boglets, one especial nature is that it will not hold impressions. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. lix. BOGTROT, to live the life of an Irish peasant or bogtrotter. It is a thousand times better, as one would think, to bogtrot in Ireland, than to pirk it in preferment no better dressed. North, Ex- amen, p. 323. BOLE. See extract. Close to the spot . . there was a bolt, by which is meant a place where in ancient times . . miners used to smelt their lead ores. Archaolog., vii. 170 (1785). BOLLER, drinker ; one fond of the flowing bowl. A feloe hauying sight in Phisiognomie . . . when he had well vewed Socrates gaue plain sentence that he was ... a greate boiler of wiue, and a vicious foloer of all naughtie appetites. Udafs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 36. BOLTS, chains or confinement. He shall to prison, and there die in bolts. Marlowe, Edw. II., I. i. He had stood in the pillory himself, and had been imprisoned and laid in bolts at Suffolk for a considerable time. Sprat, Rela- tion of Young's Contrivance, 1692 (Harl. Misc., vi. 266). BOMBASE, to close up, as with bom- bace or cotton. Bombast is the more usual form, but see N., " to bombas his hyring " = to stop his ears. "What reason hym leadeth to my suite too boombas his hyring? Stanyhurst, ^En., iv. 451. BOMBINATION, humming. Sir T. Browne, as quoted by R. and L., has bombilation in this sense. The most sonorous fliers of this order are the larger humble-bees, whose bombination, booming, or bombing may be heard from a considerable distance. Kirby and Spence, Entomology, ii. 304. BONADVENTURE, a species of ship or boat used in fishing. This business by the busses, bonadventures, or fisher-ships . . . will bring plenty unto his Majesty's Kingdoms. England's Way to Wealth, 1614 (Harl. Misc., Hi. 397). BONA-FIDICALLY, heartily; thoroughly. Two men who love nonsense so cordially and naturally aud bona-fidically . Southey, Letters, 1822 (iii. 314). BONARET. See quotation. Such as those Bonarets in Scythia bred Of slender seeds, and with green fodder fed, Although their bodies, noses, mouths, and eys, Of new-yeand lambs have full the form and guise ; And should be very lambs, save that (for foot) Within the ground they fix a liuing root, Which at their nauell growes, and dies that day That they have brouz'd the neighbour grass away. Sylvester, Eden, 570. BOND-LED, led in bonds : the refer- ence is to the sacrifice of Isaac. The Father makes the pile : Hereon hee layes His bond-led, blind-led Son. Sylvester, Maiden's Blush, 1784. BOND PAGE, a slave who served as page. One of the bondpages of this Pollio had by chaunce broken a driukyng glasse of cristall stone. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 289. BONE, to steal (slang). See quotation, s. v. SLACK-BAKE. BONE, a feigned obstacle. " I have a bone, in my leg " is a jocular excuse for not moving. He refused to speake, allegeing that he had a bone in his throte, and he could not speake. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 375. BONE OF CONTENTION ( 73 ) BOOK- OATH Nev. Miss, come, be kind for once, and order me a dish of coffee. Miss. Pray go yourself; let us wear out the oldest first ; besides, I can't go, for I have a bone in my leg. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. iii.). BONE OF CONTENTION, the cause of a quarrel, as between fighting dogs. "While any flesh remains on a bone, it con- tinues a lone of contention. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 249. Now the precious leg while cash was flush, Or the Count's acceptance worth a rush, Had never excited dissension ; But no sooner the stocks began to fall, Than, without any ossification at all, The limb became what people call A perfect bone of contention. Hood, Miss Kilmansegg. BON-MINE. Faire bonne mine = to put a good countenance on a matter. In the extract it seems to mean a feint of resistance by way of bravado. "We expected they would have disputed our passage over the river Dun, but they onely made a Ion-mine there, and left us the Toune of Doncaster to quarter in that night. Sir G. Dudley to Prince Rupert, 1644, p. 3. BON-MOT, a witticism. This French expression is naturalized. She is absolutely governed by a favourite maid, and as full of the bon-mots of her parrots as I used to be of yours, my loves, when you were prattlers. Richardson, Grandison, vii. 223. You need not hurry when the object is only to prevent my sayiug a bon-mot, for there is not the least wit in my nature. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. ix. BOOBY, to behave like a booby. Those brainless pert bloods of our town, Those sprigs of the ton who run decency down ; Who lounge, and who loot, and who booby about, No knowledge within, and no manners with- out. Irving, Salmagundi, No. iii. BOOB y ISM, stupidity ; folly. The donkeys who are prevailed upon to pay for permission to exhibit their lamentable ignorance and boobyism on the stage of a private theatre. Sketches by Boz (Private Theatres). BOODY, to sulk. Anglicized form of Fr. bonder. " Come," said she, " don't boo(Jy with me ; don't be angry because I speak out some home truths." Trollope, Barchester Towers, ch. xx vii. He is left to boody over everything by himself, till he becomes a sort of political hermit. Ibid., Prime Minister, ch. Ixxvi. BOOHOO, to cry : an onomatopoeous word. From that moment the babes ne'er caught sight Of the wretch who thus sought their un- doing, But pass'd all that day and that night In wandering about and boohooing. Ingoldsby Leg. (Babes in the Wood). BOOKEBY, study ; also a library of books. Let them that mean by bookish business To earn their bread, or hopen to profess Their hard got skill, let them alone, for me, Busy their brains with deeper bookery. Hall, Satires, II. ii. 28. The Abb6 Morellet . . . has a bookery in such elegant order that people beg to go and see it. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, vi. 346. BOOKHOOD, bookishness. The preceding paper was given me by a gentleman, who has a better opinion of my bookhood than I deserve. Walpole, Letters, vi. 398 (1772). BOOKISM, bookishness ; studiousness. There was nothing, he said, of which he had less ambition than a character for bookism and pedantry. Mad . D'Arblay, Diary,iv. 176. BOOK-LEARNING, education ; scholar- ship : a common phrase among the poor. The common wish of advancing their children in the world made most parents in this station desire to obtain the advantage of what they called book-learning for any son who was supposed to manifest a dis- position likely to profit by it. Southey, The Doctor, ch. c. BOOK-MONEY, surplice fees. He had all the book-money, that is, the fees for marriages, burials, and christenings. Sprat's Relation of Young's Contrivance, 1692 (Harl. Misc., vi. 219). BOOK-MONGER, writer of books. He was a great Book-monger ; and on that score Bale (no friend to Friers) giveth him a large testimonial. Fuller, Worthies, Wilts (ii. 468). BOOK-MUSLIN, open or clear muslin. The lady in the back parlour, who was very fat, and turned of sixty, came in a low book-muslin dress and short kid gloves. Dickens, Nicholas Nickkby, ch. xiv. BOOK-OATH, oath taken on a book : usually the Bible. Cf. BIBLE-OATH. He that layeth his hand upon a book in this wise, and maketh there a promise to do that thing that he is commanded, is obliged there, by book-oath, then to fulfil his charge. Exam, of W. Thorpe (Bale, Select Works, p. 111). BOOKWRIGHT ( 74 ) BORE BOOKWRIGHT, author. In London, at this moment, any young man of real power will find friends enough and too many among his fellow bookicriyhts. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. xi. BOOL, bawl. Singing-men that . . in churches or chapels may roar, boot, hleat, yell. econ, ii. 390. BOORN, explained by Fuller in the margin, " That is, the Wort or boiled liquor." The extract is part of a re- ceipt for Metheglin. Take to every six Gallons of water one Gallon of the finest Honey, and put it into the Boom, and labour it together half an hour. Fuller, Worthies, Wales (ii. 554). BOOT. Both R. and L. mention this as part of a coach used for luggage, and this is now its meaning, but formerly it accommodated passengers also. On Sunday following, the King in the afternoon came abroad to take the air with the Queen, his two brothers, and the Infanta, who were all in one coach ; but the Infanta sat in the boot with a blue ribbon about her arm, of purpose that the Prince might dis- tinguish her. Hoicell, Letters. I.iii. 15. He received his son into the coach, and found a slight errand to leave Buckingham behind, as he was putting his foot in the boot.Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 196. BOOT-GARTERS. See quotation. His leathern breeches were faultless in make, his jockey boots spotless in the varnish, and a handsome and flourishing pair of boot-yarters, as they are called, united the one part of his garments to the other. Scott, Redyauntlet, i. 326. BOOT-HOSE, boot-stockings, q. v. To the maid That wash'd my boot-hose there's an English groat. eaum. and Fl., Knight of B. Pestle, iv. 2. This old gentleman, with his boot-hose and beard, used to accompany his young master. North, Life of Ld. Guilford, i. 33. " This is what I call coming to the point," said Mr. Touchwood, thrusting out his stout legs, accoutred as they were with the ancient defences called boot-hose, so as to rest his heels upon the fender. Scott, St. fionan's Well, ii. 296. BOOTLESS, irremediable. Yet rather, when I have the wretch's head, Then to the king, my father, will I send. The bootless case may yet appease his wrath. If not, I will defend me as I may. Sackville, Fen-ex and Porrex, ii. 2. BOOT-STOCKINGS, very long stockings, covering the leg like jack-boots. The Author was sent from Shaftesbury, on a little pony with a servant, not with a pair of new boots, but ingloriously in a pair of worsted boot-stockings, which my father ob- served would keep my under-stockings from the dirt as well as the best pair of boots in Shaftesbury. Bowles, Note to Banwell Hill. You will not observe his boot-stockings coming high above the knees ; the coat covers them, and if it did not, you would be far from despising them now [i. e. in rough weather]. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ivii. BOOZER, drunkard. This landlord was a boozer stout, A snuff-taker and smoker. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 303. BOOZY, drunken. Ere the Doctor could be stirred out of his boozy slumbers, and thrust into his clothes by his wife, the schoolmistress was safe in bed. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. iii. BORBORITES. See extract. Gr. /36p- /3opof, dung or mire. They saw not onely worthy and Eeformed Bishops, but the whole Reformed Church of England and the Majesty of the Prince so torne and bespattered by those Borborites, those uncleane Spirits. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 572. BORDRIE, baldrick. The meeting of the gentry was not then at tippling-houses, but in the fields or forests, with their hawks and hounds, with their bugle-horns in silken bordries. Aubrey, Mis- cellanies, p. 216. BORE, a 'dull, tiresome person. L. gives this, with quotation from the Return from Parnassus, but the word in that passage is bur. He cites then from nothing earlier than Talfourd's Memoirs of C. Lamb. The first ex- tract is from A Supplement to the last Will and Test, of Anthony, Earl of Shaftsbury, with his last words as they were taken in Holland, where he died January 20, 1682 (London, 1683) ; but what precise meaning the word has there is not clear to me. I doubt whether it is used in the modern sense. The fire- blower to a chemist was called a Lungs, and there is some pun on this ; the bores perhaps = Hollanders, Dutch boers. In Burgoyne it seems a slow clumsy fellow, and this is the earliest undoubted instance I have yet found of any approach to its present sense. As referring to a thing, L.'s first instance BORN DA YS ( 75 ) BOTTLE-COASTER is from Disraeli's Coningsby. See ex- tract from Peter Pindar, s. v. VULGAR. My Lungs (my Ignoramus Friends) is yours ; But for my leights, I leave 'em to the Bores, To blow the bellows of each new Sedition On any change of Faction or Keligion. Supplement, &c., ut supra. A spring of the chaise broke at the bottom of the hill ; the boy was quite a bore in tying it up, so I took out my luggage, and deter- mined to walk home. Burgoyne, Lord of the Manor, Act I. (1781). "He is known by fifty names," said Mr. Monckton ; " his friends call him the moralist ; the young ladies, the crazy man, the maca- ronis, the bore." Mad. D'Arblay, Cecilia, Bk. I. ch. viii. (1782). Learning's become a very bore ; That fashion long since has been o'er. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour I. c. vi. Seeing a great house ... is generally allowed to be the greatest bore in the world. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. ix. BORN DAYS, a vulgar expression for the whole life ; all the days since one was born. There was one Miss Byron, a North- amptonshire lady, whom I never saw before in my born days. Richardson, Grandison, i. 103. Craiglethorpe will know just as much of the lower Irish as the Cockney who has never been out of London, and who has never in all his born days seen an Irishman but on the English stage. Miss Edgeworth, Ennui, ch. ix. BORROW, to warrant; to assure. See quotation in R. from Spenser's State of Ireland. Her eyes carried darts of fire, Feathered all with swift desire ; Yet forth these fiery darts did pass Pearled tears as bright as glass, That wonder 'twas in her eyne Fire and water should combine, If the old saw did not borrow, Fire is love, and water sorrow. Greene, from Never too Late, p. 296. BOSCARESQUE, abounding in shrub- bery. His [Evelyn's] garden was exquisite, being most boscaresque, and, as it were, an exemplar of his book of forest trees. North, Life of Ld. Guilford, ii. 252. BOSH, nonsense : a Turkish word. I always like to read old Darwin's Loves of the Plants, bosh as it is in a scientific point of view. C. Kingsley, Tiro Years Ago, ch. x. BOSK, a bush. See H., s. v. And so by tilth and grange, And vines, and blowing bosks of wilderness, "We gained the mother-city thick with towers. Tennyson, Princess, i. BOSKET, shrubbery. There hovers the white Celestial ; in white robe of linon mouchete, finer than moonshine ; a Juno by her bearing ; there in that bosket . Carlyle, Diamond Necklace, ch. ix. B JSOM-HUNG, declined on the bosom. All whose poor seed, like violets in their beds, Now grow with bosom-hung and hidden heads. Chapman, Iliad, Dedic., 151. BOSOM SERMONS. H. says, " Bosom- sermons are mentioned in the Eyerton Papers, p. 9," but he gives no explana- tion. In the subjoined the term seems to mean discourses learned by heart. The quotation is the marginal note to a story of a boy who was taught a long oration by rote, and was put out by a question being asked in the middle. Bosame sermons and oracions of an other mannes making. UdaPs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 243. Boss, a term of reproach. Cotgrave gives, " A fat bosse. Femme bien grasse et grosse ; une coche." Disdainful Turkess, and unreverend boss ! Marlowe, 1 Tamburlaine, III. iii. Boss, master : an Americanism. " So, boss," began the ruffian, not looking at him, " we ain't fit company for the likes of that kinchin, eh ? " H. Kingsley, Geoffvy Hamlyn, ch. xxiii. BOTANOGRAPHIST, a writer on botany. Doctor Bowie, my most worthy Friend, and skilful Botanographist. Fuller, Worthies, Northampton (ii. 157). BOTLING, a species of fish. The peel, the tweat, the boiling, and the rest, "With many more that in the deep doth lie Of Avon, Usk, of Severn, and of Wye. Denny r s, Secrets of Angling (Eng. Garner, i. 175). BOTTLE-BELLIED, with a stomach swelling out like a bottle. He is like some choleric, bottle-bellied old spider, who has woven his web over a whole chamber. Irving, Sketch-Book (John Bull). BOTTLE-BOY, apothecary's assistant. He . . . utterly fulfilled the ideal of a bottle- boy, for of him too as of all things, I presume, an ideal exists eternally in the supra-sensual Platonic universe. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. i. BOTTLE-COASTER, tray or carriage in which the decanters were sent round the table after dinner. I wish you had seen the two Lady R.s, sticking close to . one another ; their father BOTTLED-ALE BOW Pushing them on together, like two decanters in a bottle-coaster, with such magnificent dia- mond labels round their necks. Miss Edge- icorth, Belinda, ch. v. BOTTLED-ALE. See extract. Dean Alexander Howell, the person referred to, was born 1510, died 1601. Leaving a Bottle of Ale (when fishing) in the Grasse, he found it some dayes after, no Bottle, but a Gun, such the sound at the opening thereof ; aud this is believed (Casu- alty is Mother of more Inventions than In- dustry) the original of Bottled-ale in England. Fuller, Worthies, Lancashire (i. 547). BOTTLE-GREEN, the colour of the green glass of which bottles are made. See quotation s. v. MOUNTAIN DEW. The bottle-green was a famous suit to wear, and I bought it very cheap at a pawnbroker's. . . . I'll be married in the bottle-green. Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby, ch. li. At the drawing-room he looked quite handsome in his uniform of the Newcome Hussars, bottle-green and silver lace. Thack- eray, The Newcomes, ch. xxxii. BOUGH, mouth (French). It was also used for an allowance of meat or drink to a servant in a palace. See N., s. v. Heere loa behold Boreas from bouch of north bio Pelorus Oure ships ful chargeth. Stanyhurst, JEn., iii. 702. BOUCHERUS, butcherly. Much lyke as a fat bul beloeth, that setled on altar Half kild escapeth thee missing boucherus hatchet. Stanyhurst, JEn., ii. 236. BOUGHED, covered or shaded with boughs. Up through that wood behind the church, There leads from Edward's door A mossy track, all over boughed For half a mile or more. Coleridge, Three Graves. BOULT, a narrow piece of stuff. See II., s. v. bolt. Though you be crossbites, foys, and nips, yet you are not good lifts ; which is a great helpe to your faculty, to filch a boult of satten or velvet. Greene, Theeves Falling Out, 1615 (Harl. Misc., viii. 389). BOUNDAL, bound. It was well for all sides that the best divine, in my judgement, that ever was in that place, Dr. Davenant, held the rains of the disputation ; he kept him within the even boundalt of the cause. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 26. BOUNDANB, boundary* They overranne Lituauia, Podolia, Polonia, and those countreys which are the East boundanes of Europe. Fuller, Holy War, Bk. IV. ch. ii. BOUNDIFY, to bound. Vntill this day (deer Muse) on euery side "Within straight lists thou hast been boundifid. Sylvester, The Vocation, 2. BOUNG-KNIFE. Boung is an old slang word for purse ; boung-knife may therefore be the knife in the purse or girdle. Cf. CATTLE-BONG. One of them had on ... a skeine like a brner's boung-knife. Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 407). BOUNNIES, swellings or tumours : an East Anglian word. Cf. bunion, and see N. and Q., V. viii. 113. There be no vices in the world whereof you male not see great buddes, or rather great bounnies and bunches in them. Traheron's Warning to England, 1558 (Maitland's Re- formation, p. 137). BOURREAU, executioner. Several French words were introduced at the Eestoration (see Trench, Eng. Past and Present, p. 122) ; some of these did not survive, or perhaps ever go be- yond the author who first employed them. No sooner said, but it was done, The Bourreau did his worst ; Gaphny, alas ! is dead and gone, And left his judge accursed. Prior, The Viceroy. BOUT, a circuit. I love not to fetch any bouts where there is a nearer way. Adams, ii. 14. Bow. To draw or pull the long bow = to lie or exaggerate. Cf. the extract from Fuller, s. v. LOOSE. If on your head some vengeance fell, M[oir]a, for every tale you tell The listening Lords to cozen ; If but one whisker lost its hue, Changed (like Moll Coggin's tail) to blue, I'd hear them by the dozen. But still, howe'er you driw your bow, Tour charms improve, your triumphs grow. Poetry of Antijacobin, p. 63. King of Corpus (who was an incorrigible wag) was on the point of pulling some dread- ful long bow, and pointing out a half dozen of people in the room as R. and H. and L. &c., the most celebrated wits of that day. Thackeray, The Newcomes, ch. i. Bow. To have a double string, or two strings to one's bow = to have two re- sources or alternatives. BOWERLY ( 77 BRADOON The Conqueror, finding himself quitted of this obstacle, takes upon him the regiment of this kingdom with a double string to his bow; the one of antient title, the other of conquest. Hist, of Edward II., p. 36. A man in Amsterdam is suffer'd to have but one religion, whereas in London he may have two strinys to his bow. T. Brown, Works, iv. 115. Miss Bertram . . . might be said to have tico strings to her bow. She had Rush worth-feelings and Crawford-feelings, and in the vicinity of Sotherton the former had considerable effect. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. viii. BOWERLY, large ; burly (?). He had seene in the citee of Miletus many and the same right greate and bowerly images and porturatures. UdaPs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 208. The bowerly hostess, for a cart-horse fit, Scorns Daphne's reed-like shape, and calls her chit. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 186. BOWET, lamp, or lamp-frame ? For a bowet to her light in upon the Sacra- ment. Leverton, Chwardens Accts., 1535 (Arch., xli. 353). BOWIE, a large clasp-knife, so called from Col. James Bowie, a native of Georgia. I took the precaution of bringing my lowie and revolver with me, in case the worst came to the worst. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xxvii. "No stakes, no dungeons, no blocks, no racks, no scaffolds, no thumbscrews, no pikes, no pillories, " said Chollop. " No- thing but revolvers and boicie knives," re- turned Mark; ''and what are they? not worth mentioning." Dickens, M. Chuzzlewit, ch. xxxiii. BOWSE. Bailey says bowse among sailors is "to hale or pull the tackle." Commodore Trunnion uses it meta- phorically. See quotation s. v. GUM ; also from Ingoldsby Legends, s. v. PIGEON-TOED. My eyes ! how she did pitch ! And wouldn't keep her own to join no line, Thp' I kept bowsing, bowsing at her bow- line. Hood, Sailor's Apology for Bow-legs. BOW-STRING, to strangle with a bow- string. A sultan, having bow-stringed his vizier? promotes some one else to the post. Savage, E. Medlicotf., Bk. I. ch. ix. Bow-wow, a dog. Let my obedience then excuse My disobedience now ; Nor some reproof yourself refuse, From your aggrieved bow-wow. Cowper, Beau's Reply. It's all up with its handsome friend ; he has gone to the demnition bow-wows. Dick- ens, Nicholas Nickleby, ch. Ixiv. Box. To box the compass = to go round to all quarters of the compass. After a week or so, the wind would regu- larly box the compass (as the sailors call it) in the course of every day, following where the sun should be, as if to make a mock of him. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. xlii. Box. To be in the wrong box is to be mistaken. L. gives the expression with a quotation from Sala, but it is much older. Sir, quoth I, if you will hear how St. Augustine expoundeth that place, you shall perceive that you are in a wrong box. Ridley, p. 163 (1554). I perceive that you and I are in a wrong box.J. Udall, Diotrephes, p. 31 (1588). But Socrates said, Laugh not, Zophirtis is not in a wrong box. Optick Glasse of Humors (1639). BOXAGE, boscage ; shrubbery. The rest of the ground is made into seve- rall inclosures (all hedge worke or rowes of trees) of whole fields, meadows, boxagcs, some of them containing divers acres. Evelyn, Diary, Ap. i. 1644. BOX-KEEPERESS, woman who keeps the boxes at a theatre. Every time the box-keeperess popped in her head, and asked if we would take any refresh- ment, I thought the interruption odious. Thackeray, Miscellanies, ii. 346. BOY, to provide with boys ; spoken of a wife who had male offspring : also to guard with boys. L. has the verb in the sense of "treat as a boy." Bre- ton's Mavillia (p. 38), when attended merely by a page, speaks of herself as " manned but with a poore boye," which illustrates the second extract. Nor hast thou in his nuptial arms enjoy'd Barren embraces, but wast girl'd and boy'd. Corbet, Death of Lady Haddington. The gates were shut, and partly man'd, partly boy'd against him. Fuller, Hist, of Cambridge, vi. 16. BOYKIN, an endearing diminutive of boy. In the quotation Anchises is speaking to ^Eneas. H. says the word is to be found in Sir John Oldcastle and Palsgrave's Acolastus, but he gives no extract. But now I'm fixt to go along With thee, my boykin, right or wrong. Cotton, Scarronides, p. 80. BRADOON, snaffle (?). BRAG BRANDLET I have always made it a rule to feel his [the horse's] mouth lightly, and generally more with the bradoon than with the curb. Nimrod on Condition of Hunters, 17. BRAG, to challenge : this use is a Scotticism : see Jamieson. That was one of the famous cups of Tours, wrought by Martin Dominique, an artist who might bray all Paris. Scott, Quentin Dur- icard, i. 60. BRAGGARTLY, boastful. Who ever saw true learning, wisdom, or wit, vouchsafe mansion in any proud, vain- glorious, and broffgartly spirit? Chapman, Iliad, iii., Comment. BRAGGLE. See extract. There is a way to catch eels by "brag- ffliny ;" thus: Take a rod small and tough, of sallow, hazel, or such like, a yard long, as big as a bean-stalk. In the small end thereof make a nick or cleft with a knife ; in which nick put your strong but little hook baited with a red worm, and made sure to a line of ten or twelve good hairs, but easily, that the eels may pull it out. Go into some shallow place of the river among the great stones, and brayyle up and down till you find holes under the stones. There put in your hook so baited at your rod's end, and the eel under the stone will not fail to take it. Give her time to put it over ; and then, if your strength will serve, she is your own. Laicson, Com- ments on Secrets of A nyliny (Eny. Garner, i. 195). BRAGGON, a species of drink. I sup- pose the same as bragget, mentioned by N. and L. Beside ale and beer, the natural drink of part of this isle may be said to be metheglin, bray yon, and mead. Ho well, Letters, ii. 54. BRAIN-FOOLERY, folly. The very essence of his soule is pure vil- lany ; the substance of his brain-foolery ; one that beleeues nothing from the starres vp- ward. Chapman, Mons. D'Olive, Act V. BRAIN-MILL, brain-pan. Had the Gensdarmery of our great writers no other enemy to fight with? nothing to grind in their brain-mill but orts? Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 102. BRAIN-SICK, a fool or madman (usually an adj.). Even so, some brainsicks liue there now-a- daies, That lose themselues still in contrary waies. Sylvester, fourth day, first iceeke, 150. BRAIN-WRIGHT, creator of the brain. In this part of the Brayn the Bravn-tcriqht's skill And wisdome infinite do most appeare. Davies, Mirum in Modum, p. 7. BRAKE. H. says " an instrument for dressing hemp or flax. See Holly- band, s. v. brosse." In the extracts it is a verb or participle. It [flax] must be watered, dried, braked, tew-tawed, and with much labor driuen and reduced in the end to be as soft and tender as wooll. Holland, Pliny, Bk. xix. (proem). There must be planting, cutting down, bundling, watring, rippling, brakiny, wing- ling, and heckling of hemp. Howell, Parly of Heasts, p. 14. The sad-yeHow-fly made with the buzzard's wings, bound with black braked hemp. Miss Edyeicorth, Absentee, ch. viii. BRAKE, a snare : the idea being con- nected with the tangles of a thicket (?). Alas what should I doe With that enchanted glasse ? See diuels there ? Or (like a strumpet) learne to set my lookes In an eternal brake, or practise juggling, To keepe my face still fast, my hart still loose ? Chapman, Eussy D'Ambois, Act I. BRAN, slang for a loaf. See quotation s. v. LUSH. He purchased a sufficiency of ready-dressed ham, and a half-quartern loaf, or, as he him- self expressed it, " a fourpenny bran." Dickens, Oliver Ttcist, ch. viii. BRANDED, spotted. H. says " a mix- ture of red and black." The word in the original is aloXov. They saw a branded serpent sprawl So full amongst them from above. Cliapman, Iliad, xii. 217. BRANDER, a gridiron. A frying-pan, two branders, a flesh-hook and flaming spoon. Inventory, 1708 (Dun- bar, Social Life in Former Days, p. 212). BRANDISH, to shine, twinkle. Syl- vester uses the word in this sense, per- haps as referring to the gleam of a brandished weapon ; so Heath in his translation of Horace, 1638, speaks of "the ray of a brandished sword." Thine eys already (now no longer eys, But new bright stars) doe brandish in the skyes. Sylvester, Handy-crafts, 729. Though waxen old in his long weary night, He see a friendly Sun to brandish bright. Ibid., The Arke, 393. BRANDLET, a bird, probably so called from being branded or marked in a peculiar way ; perhaps the mountain- tinch. See N. and Q., V. x. 409. The brandlet saith, for singing sweete and softe, (In hir conceit) there is none such as she. Gascoiyne, Philomene. BRAND Y ( 79 ) BRAT BRANDY, to drink brandy. The verb, which, however, is not given in the Diets., is usually applied to mixing brandy with wine. He surely had been brandying it or beeriiig, That is, in plainer English, he was drunk. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 138. BRANDY-BALL, a sweetmeat in favour with boys. On one side was the gaudy riband making its mute appeal to rustic gallantry ; on the other, the delicious brandy-ball and alluring lollipop compounded after the most approved receipt in the True Gentlewoman's Garland, and " raising the waters " in the mouth of many an expectant urchin. Inyoldsby Legends (Leech of Folkestone). BRANDY is LATIN FOR A GOOSE, pro- bably because people took a dram after eating goose. There may be a catch in this way. " What is the Latin for a goose ? " " Ans(w)er, Brandy ; " anser being the Latin word for goose. Lord Sm. "Well, but after all, Tom, can you tell me what's Latin for a goose ? Nev. O my lord, I know that ; why, brandy is Latin for a goose, and Tace is Latin for a candle. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). BRANDY-PAWNEE, Anglo-Indian for brandy and water. " I'm sorry to see you, gentlemen, drinking brandy-pawnee," says he ; " it plays the deuce with our young men in India." Thackeray, JVetccomes, ch. i. I took up natural history in India years ago to drive away thought, as other men might take to opium or to brandy-paicnee. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xv. BRANK. H. says "to hold up the head affectedly ; to put a bridle or re- straint on anything." In the extracts it seems = to clatter, to come in with a noise. Jamieson has it = to prance. There was a rattle of horses' feet on the stones, and the clank of a sabre, and Lieu- tenant Hornby of the 140th Hussars (Prince Arthur's Own) came branking into the yard with two hundred pounds' worth of trappings on him. H. Kinysley, JRavenshoe, ch. xxxii. They came branking into some pot-house, half a dozen of them, and talked loud about this and that. Ibid., ch. xlvii. BRANK. See extract. There is a pic- ture of the brank in the work cited. At the [Newcastle] town-hall I was shown a piece of antiquity called a brank. It con- sists of a combination of iron fillets, and is fastened to the head by a lock fixed to the back part of it ; a thin plate of iron goes into the mouth, sufficiently strong, however, to confine the tongue, and thus prevent the wearer from making any use of that restless member. The use of this piece of machinery is to punish notorious scolds. I am pleased to find that it is now considered merely as a matter of curiosity. Life of J. Lackinyton, Letter xliii. BRANTLE, the brawl. N., L., and R. have bransle, all with the same quota- tion from the faerie Qneene, III. x. 8. Pepys spells it bransle, Nov. 15, 1666. The King takes out the Duchess of York ; and the Duke the Duchess of Buckingham ; the Duke of Monmouth my Lady Castle- maine ; and so other lords other ladies ; and they danced the Brantle. Pepys, Dec. 30, 1662. BRASH, eruption ; rash. He is a churl with a soft place in his heart, whose speech is a brash of bitter waters, but who loves to help you at a pinch. Emerson, quoted in Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. ii. BRASMATIAS, an earthquake consisting in violent perpendicular upheavings of the earth (Ppaaauv , to boil). Arist. Mund., iv. 30. See Jf. and Q., V. x. 409. That kinde of earthquake which as I deeme naturall Philosophers call Brasmalias. Hol- land's Camden, p. 620. BRASS, money. In the first quotation from Bp. Hall it may mean copper money, as it does in St. Matt. x. 9, &c., but in the other extracts it = money generally. Shame that the muses should be bought and sold For every peasant's bi*ass on each scaffold. Hall, Satires, I. iii. 58. Hirelings enow beside can be so base, Tho' we should scorn each bribing variet's brass. Ibid., IV. v. 12. " There'll be Fosters i' th' background, as one may say, to take t' biggest share oil t' profits," said Bell. " Ay, ay, that's but as it should be, for I reckon they'll ha' to find the brass the first." Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xx. BRASS, impudence. She in her defence made him appear such a rogue upon record, that the Chief Justice wondered he had the brass to appear in a court of justice. North, Examen, p. 256. BRASSY, like brass, and so, impudent. In Merchant of Venice, IV. i. it = hard. No, Mister Gattle Betty was too brassy. We never keep a servant that is saucy. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 73. BRAT, a north-country word for BRATHEL ( So ) BREAD AND CROW apron or pinafore. Chaucer has bratt = cloak (Cant. Tales, 16, 349). "We had nought on but our hats, an' bits o' blue bedgowns, an' brats; see ye may think we cuddent be varra heeat. Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter xxiv. T BKATHEL, same as brothel, which was sometimes used for a harlot, and so generally as a term of reproach for a woman. Xantippe is the brathel referred to in the extract. The scoldyng of brothels is no more to bee passed on then the squeking of wel wheles. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 26. BRATTICE, to board up. See L., 5. v. bretage. He led me in and out the marshy places to a great round hole or shaft bratticed up with timber. -Blackinore, Lorna Doone, ch. Iviii. ' BRAVADA, a boast or fanfaronade. Bravado is more usual. Ital. and Span. bravata. And yet all this but a mere flourish, a faint and feigned bravada. Sanderson, ii. 340. BRAVADE, a boast, or show of courage. Anglicized form of preceding. My blood has often curdled in my veins, when I heard gentlemen magnify their in- famous conquests, and raise cruel trophies on the ruins of women's honour: I had not patience to hear the bravades, nor power to hinder 'em. Gentleman Instructed, p. 65. Some, however, with outward bravade, but inward tremblings, went searching along the walls, and behind the posts, for some lurcher. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 101. BRAVADO, a braggart. We will march about like bravadoes, Huffing, and puffing, And snuffing, and calling the Spaniard. Merry Drollerie, p. 16. Several letters in the House about the Fanatickes in several places, coming in great bodies, and turning people out of the churches, . . . which makes them stark mad, especially the hectors and bravadoes of the House, who show all the zeal on this occa- sion. Pepys, Feb. 28, 1667-68. BRAVER, boaster. Our countrimen . . . would carrie the buck- lers full easilie from all forreine brauers. jYashe, Pref. to Greene's Menaphon, p. 16. BRAVERY, chivalry. The Grandees also, and others of the Cas- tilian Lravery that conducted the Prince to the Seas, were feasted in our Admiral at a true English table, free, pleasant, luxuriously bountiful. Hacket, Life of Williami, i. 162. BRAVEUR, courage. Fr. bravoure. It was want of judgment not to know that, if the matter of the proclamation was not defensible, as it was manifestly, yet the braveur of the carriage had made him friends. North, Examen, p. 555. The conversation and ordinary discourse of the club was chiefly upon braveur in de- fen ding the cause of liberty and property. Ibid. p. 572. BRAVO, a brave man : usually em- ployed opprobriously of a swaggering ruffian or hired assassin. Can you therefore think that those bravoes who tremble more at the shadow of a dis- grace than at all the terrors of damnation will buy pardon at the expense of their honour? Gtntleman Instructed, p. 67. BRAWL, a bravo. A jurgiis in the original. I am his swabber, his chamberlain, his footman, his clerk, his butler, his book- keeper, his brawl, his errand boy. Bailey's Erasmus, p. 42. BRAWN-FALLEN, lean ; skinny. Where brawn-falne cheeks, heart-scalding sighs, and dimmed eyes with teares, Doe shewe in Life's anatomy what burthen Sorrowe beares. Breton, Melancholike Humours, p. 8. Poore braion-falne begger, whereon dost thou feede ? Ibid., Pilgrimage to Paradise, p. 12. For our women here in France, they are such lean brawn-fall'n jades. Farquhar, The Inconstant, Act I. BRAY, applied to the roaring of a lion, and the noise made by a buck. A horse neigheth. a lyon brayes, a swine grunts. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xvii. If I did not hear a bow go off and the buck bray, I never heard deer in my life. Merry Devil of Edmonton (Dodsley, O. Pl.,xi. 156). BREAD-AND-BUTTER, used contempt- uously of young and shy girls : the ex- pression probably owes its currency to what Byron says of "your budding Miss": The Nursery still lisps out in all they utter Besides, they always smell of bread-and- butter. Beppo, st. 39. One was a middle-aged clergyman, and the other a lady at any rate past the wishy- washy bread-and-butter period of life. Trol- lope, Bare/tester Towers, ch. xli. BREAD AND CROW seems to be used proverbially for "everyone." Perhaps there is some allusion to ^Esop's fable, BREAD-BASKET ( 81 ) BREDE as though the fox ate not only the crow's bread, but the crow herself. The gods and goddesses, all on a rowe, bread and crow, from Ops to Pomona (the first apple-wife), were so dumpt with this miserable wracke that they beganne to abhorre all moysture for the sea's sake. Nashe, Lenten Stuff (Harl. Misc., vi. 168). BREAD-BASKET, the stomach. Smol- lett uses bread-room (which seems to have been sea slang) in the same sense. See extract s. v. SLING. Another came up to second him, but I let drive at the mark, made the soup-maigre rumble in his bread-banket, and laid him sprawling. Foote, Englishman, in Paris, Act I. A heavy blow was struck on the panel from the inside, and the point of a sharp instrument driven right through, close to my knees, with the exclamation, " "What do you think o' that now in a policeman's bread-basket?" C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. xxxiii. When you can't fill the bread-basket, shut it. Go to sleep till the Southern Cross comes out again. Reade, Never too Late to Mend, ch. Ixx. BREADLINESS, eating together, and consequent intimacy ; what Sir T. Browne calls commensation. If yo''ve any love for me because of yo'r dead mother's love for me, or because of any fellowship or daily breadliness between us two, put the hard thoughts of Philip away from out yo'r heart. Mrs. Gatkell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xxxix. BREAD-ROOM, stomach. The waiter . . returned with a quartern of brandy, which Crowe, snatching eagerly, started into his bread-room at one cant. Smollett, L. Greaves, ch. xvii. BREADSTITCH, braidstitch. Cf. BREDE. The extract from Taylor is quoted from Southey' s Doctor, ch. ciii. Brave bred-stitch, fisher-stitch, Irish-stitch, and Queen-stitch. Taylor (the water poet). They understand their needle, breadstitch, cross and change, and all manner of plain work. Goldsmith, Vicar of Wakefield, ch. xi. BREADY, of bread. Breaden is more usual. Honorius the third, bishop of Rome, com- manded this new bready god to be honoured. Hooper, i. 527. BREAK- BACK, over- weighty. Cf . BACK- BREAK. All breake-backe Crosses which we vndergo Are cast vpoa us by this Euill still. Davies, Sunima Totalis, p. 21. BREAK-LEAGUE, a covenant-breaker. L. has break-promise and break-vow- Dido, in Stanyhurst's version (^En., iv. 557), invokes Divine vengeance on *'al faythlesse break leages" BREAMBACKED, with a high-ridged back like a bream. It is a horse that is spoken of in the extract. He was not . . . hollow-backed, bream- backed, long-backed, or broken-backed. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxciii. BREAST. In a breast = abreast. He then commanded his general ... to draw up the troops in close order, and march them under me ; the foot by twenty-four in a breast, and the horse by sixteen. Sicift, Voyage to Lilliput, ch. iii. BREAST. To make a clean breast = to tell everything. You know all about it ; ... I made a clean breast to you. G.Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. Ixvi. BREATH. To keep one' s breath to cool one's broth or porridge = to desist from useless argument or remonstrance. In the extract from Bailey the original is laterem lavat, he washes a tile, i. e. loses his labour. My lord, save your breath for your broth ; I am not now at leisure to attend you. Machin, Dumb Knight, Act II. Truly, sir, you may please, as the proverb runs, to keep your breath to cool your pottage, and spend it no longer upou me. Howell, Parly of Seasts, p. 85. You have no reason to fear a peace for these ten years : the pope is the only man that persuades them to come to an agree- ment among themselves, but he had as good keep his breath to cool his porridge. Hailey's Erasmus, p. 312. BREATHY SWORDS, swords of thy breath, i. e. killing words. The Rev. J. Mitford pronounces this " more bar- baric than anything we have met with in Peele," and suggests "breathed words," but cf. Ps. Iv. 22. Latham has breathy = sending out as breath. O help, my David, help thy Bethsabe, Whose heart is pierced with thy breathy swords. Peele, David and Bethsabe, p. 485. BREDE, braid. L. marks this word .is obsolete ; it has been revived by Keats and Tennyson. See quotation s. v. VOLCANIAN, and cf. BREADSTITCH. Psyche ever stole A little nearer, till the babe that by us, Half-lapt in glowing gauze and golden brede, BREECHLOADER ( 82 ) BRIDEWELLING Lay like a new-fall'n meteor on the grass Uiicared for, spied its mother. Tennyson, Princess, vi. BREECHLOADER, a rifle that is loaded at the breech instead of the muzzle. There are two herons just round the point, and I have my breechloader and a dozen car- tridges here. Mack, Princess of Thule, ch. xxiii. BREEDLING, a native of the fen country. L. has the word, but only with quota- tion from Macaulay. Pepys, describ- ing a journey from Parson's Drove to Wisbeach, writes : Over most sad fenns, all the way observ- ing the sad life which the people of the place which, if they be boru there, they do call the Breedliiigs of the place do live. Sept. 17, 1663. BREEZE, to blow. At this moment the noise of the distant fight breezed up louder than ever. H. Kings- ley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xliv. BRENEAGE, payment for burning reeds in the fen (?). To Wyllm Cortys for breneage in the fen. Leverton Chwardens. Accts., 1535 (Arch., xli. 345). BREPHOPHAGIST, eater of children. The writer's brother made the acquaintance in California, not a year ago, of a gentleman who affirmed that babies were excellent eat- ing. . . . This Brephophayist was a well- dressed and nicely-mannered man. E. Rae, Land of the N. Wind, p. 265 (1875). BRETHREED, brotherhood. He had a certain breethreed which vsed to resorte and gather together at his hous. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 377. BREWERS, briars (?). Fuller, in the margin, calls it "an old English word." Willhelmus Brewer. His mother, unable (to make the most charitable constructions) to maintain, cast him in brewers (whence he was so named) or in a bed of brakes in New Forrest. Fuller, Worthies, Devon (i. 295). BRIBBLE-BRABBLE, chattering or quar- relling. You are a foolish bribble-brabble woman, that you are. The Committee, Act III. BRIBE-GROPING, corrupt; bribe-seek- ing. The bribe-groping officer, in what court soever his dition lies, is an oppressing rider Adams, i. 87. BRIBERYNG, robbing. God gene her a shamefull repreefe, For it is the moost briberynge thefe That euer was, I make God a vowe. Dyaloge betirene a Gentleman and a Husbandman, p. 137. BRIBES-WALKING, bribery. There was bribes-walking, money-making, making of hands, quoth the prophet. Latimer, i. 156. BRIBRESS, female briber. Now, Belford, see us all sitting in judge- ment, resolved to punish the fair brilress. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, vi. 66. BRIC-A-BRAC (Fr.), odds and ends. A bric-a-brac shoj) = old curiosity shop. Two things only jarred on his eye in his hurried glance round the room : there was too much bric-a-brac, and too many flowers. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. xxxi. " Haven't an affair in the world," said Hans, in a flighty way ; " except a quarrel with a bric-a-brac man." G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. Ixvii. BRICCOLL, a species of warlike engine. Here bends the Briccoll, while the cable cracks, Their Crosbowes were vprent with yron Backs. Hudson's Judith, iii. 109. Here th' Enginer begins his Ham to rear ; Here mounts his Trepan, and his Scorpion there ; Bends here his Bricol, there his boysterous Bow. Sylvester, Bethulia's Rescue, iii. 109. BRICK, a good fellow ; rtrpaywvoc avjp? (Aristotle, Etli., i. 10). This is the derivation suggested in the first quotation. In brief I don't stick to declare Father Dick, So they called him for short, was a regular brick ; A metaphor taken, I have not the page aright, Out of an ethical work by the Stagyrite. Inyoldsby Leg. (Brothers of Birchington). " I may say," continued Mr. Peacock em- phatically, " that he was a regular trump trump ! " he reiterated with a start, as if the word had stung him " trump ! he was a brick.'' Lyiton, The Cantons, Bk. XI. ch. v. Never mind me, but mind yourself, and mind that curate ; he is a noble brick. C. Kingsley, Ttco Years Ago, ch. xvii. BRICKS. Like bricks = vehemently, quickly. See quotation s. v. MIDSHIP- MAN. Bump they comes agin the post, and out flies the fare like bricks. Sketches by Boz, The Last Cab-Driver. BRIDEWELLING, imprisoning in house of correction. Cf. NEWGATED. Here is bridewelling, banishing, and selling BRIDGELESS ( 83 ) BRISTLE of people to slavery. H. Care's Draconica. A.D. 1688. BRIDGELESS, without a bridge, or that cannot be bridged. Alone unchanged, a free and bridgeless tide, Euphrates rolls along. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. v. BRIDGEMASTER, proprietor of a bridge. The Bridyemasters were obliged to exact at the Ferry there exorbitant rates for con- veying passengers over the Thames, in order the better to support the said [Staines] bridge. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 233. BRIDLE-CULL, a highwayman, who was usually mounted (thieves' cant). See quotation from same work, s. v. BUTTOCK. Cf. SNAFFLING-LAY. A booty of 10 looks as great in the eye of a bridle-cull, and gives as much real hap- piness to his fancy, as that of as many thou- sands to the statesman. Fielding, Jonathan Wild, Bk. I. ch. v. BRIDLELESS, without a bridle. Far over the plain Away went the bridleless steed. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. vi. BRTDPORT DAGGER. See extract. " Stab'd with a Brydport Dagger." That is, hang'd or executed at the Gallowes ; the best, if not the most, hemp (for the quantity of ground) growing about Brydport. Fuller, Worthies, Dorset (i. 310). BRIEF, to shorten. R. says, " Dr. Jamieson gives instances of the use of brief as a verb. It is common among English lawyers, as to brief the plead- ings." R. gives no example, and Jamie- eon's are from Scotch writers. Thy power is confined, thy time is limited ; both thy latitude and extension are briefed up. Adams, ii. 135. BRIG, bridge. Look thou theer wheer Wrigglesby beck comes out by the 'ill. Feyther run up to the farm, an' I runs up to the mill ; An' I'll run up to the brig ; an' that thou'll live to see. Tennyson, Northern Farmer, New Style. BRIGADIER WIG, a species of wig used apparently by elderly men of good position worn perhaps by senior officers in the army. I ... had no conception that a man of so respectable an appearance, in a brigadier wig and grave habit, that looked more like a justice of peace or high sheriff than a de- bauched rake, could be guilty of any rudeness or indecent behaviour. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. III. ch. xiii. BRIGADO, brigade. The form in the extract is due to the rhyme. Where once they form'd their troops, Briyados, Their horn-works, rampires, pallizados. Cotton, Scarronides, p. 6. BRILLIANT, to make brilliant by polishing. Thank you a thousand times, dear Madam, for your obliging letter and the new Bristol stones you have sent me, which would pass on a more skilful lapidary than I am for having been brillianted by a professed artist, if you had not told me that they came shin- ing out of a native mine, and had no foreign diamond dust to polish them. Walpole, Letters, iv. 377 (1784). BRIMSE, gadfly. See H., s. v. I vnderstand they are all in a fustian fume, they runne to and fro with a nettle in their noses, and lashe out their heeles, as they had caught the brimse, which is a plaine token that the gawle is rubbed, the canker toucht. Gosson, Apologie of Schools of Abuse, p. 64. BRIMSTONE, a bad, shrewish woman. I hate the law damnably ever since I lost a year's pay for hindering our boatswain's mate's brother from beating his wife. The brimstone swore I beat her husband, and so I paid for meddling. Johnston, Chrysal, ii. 190. BRINCE, to pledge in drinking, or to offer drink. N., s. v. brinck, quotes that word from Lyly, and says, " An unusual word having some reference to drinking. If an error of the press, I know not what the reading should be." See also H., s. v. Luther first brinced to Germany the poi- soned cup of his heresies, blasphemies, and satanisms. Jewel, iii. 265. BRINE-SEETH, a brine-pit, from the salt water of which salt is extracted by boiling. From Chester we kept directly on East to Middlewich, . . . chiefly noted for making salt, where are two excellent brine-seeths. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, ii. 385. BRINGING, being brought : for a simi- lar use of the participle see carrying, drawing, searching. She only came on foot to leave more room for the harp which was bringing in the car- riage. Miss Austen, Persuasion, ch. vi. BRISTLE, brisk : which is the reading in some copies. <5 2 BRISTOL MILK ( 84 ) The bristle mouse may feed her selfe with crumms, Till that the greene-eyed kitling comes. Herrick, Appendix, p. 459. BRISTOL MILK. See extracts. Pepys (June 13, 1668) enjoyed " plenty of brave wine, and above all Bristol milk.' 1 Ld. Braybrooke quotes from the first edition of Byron's Eng. Bards and Scotch Reviewers (the lines are altered in later editions) : Too much in turtle Bristol's sons delight, Too much o'er bowls of rack prolong the night. " Bristol Milk" Though as many Ele- phants are fed as Cows grased within the Walls of this City, yet great plenty of this metaphorical Milk, whereby Xeres or Sherry Sack is intended. Fuller, Worthies, Bristol. The repast was dressed in the furnace, and was accompanied by a rich beverage made of the best Spanish wine, and celebrated over the whole kingdom as Bristol milk. Ma- caiday, Hist, of Eny., Vol. I. ch. iii. BRITTANY, Britain : now confined to the district so named in France. The isle of Albion, or great Brittany, Howell, Letters, ii. 55. BROACH-TURNER, turnspit. Of. TURN- BROACHER. Dish-washer and broach-turner, loon ! to me Thou smellest all of kitchen as before. Tennyson, Gareth and Lynette. BROAD. See first extract. A broad is the spread of a river into a sheet of water, which is certainly neither lake nor lagoon. Southey, Letters (1812), ii. 307. Then across the mill-pool, and through the deep crooks, out into the broads, and past the withered beds of weeds which told of coming winter. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. viii. BROAD BOTTOM. See quotation. The Tories declare against any further prosecution, if Tories there are, for now one hears of nothing but the Broad Bottom ; it is the reigning cant word, and means, the tak- ing all parties and people indifferently into the ministry. Walpole to Mann, i. 93 (1741-2). BROAM, apparently some sort of spirit or goblin. The approach of the sun's radiant beams expelleth goblins, bugbears, hob-thrushes, broams, screech-owl mates, night- walking spirits, and tenebrions. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. III. ch. xxiv. BROCADO. Swift in the annexed quot- ation uses the Spanish form of this word to suit his metre ; elsewhere he lias brocade. Brocados, and damasks, and tabbies, and gawses, Are by Robert Ballantine lately brought over. Sicift, Song on a Seditious Pamphlet. BROCATALL. See extract. The Vice Chancellor, Heads of Houses, and Doctors, being seated in magisterial seates, the Vice Chancellor's chaire and deske, Proctors, &c., cover'd with Brocatall (a kind of brocade) and cloth of gold, the Universitie Register read the founder's grant. Evelyn, Diary, July 9, 1689. BROCH STEEPLE, a pyramidical spire. H. gives the reference, but not the words of the subjoined. Broche by itself is also used for steeple. See N. Acuminato erat capite, his [Thersites'] head was made like a broch steeple, sharpe and high crown'd, which among all physiogno- mers imports an ill affected minde. Optick Glasse of Humors, p. 41 (1639). BROGGER. In the Commons Journals, i. 108 (1575), mention is made of a " Bill against broggers and drovers." H. explains brogger as " a badger [i. e. a huckster or hawker] who deals in corn." He refers to Holinshed ; but in the extract it may mean one who brogs or prods on cattle ; another name for drover. See N. and Q., V. x. 410. BROKE, breach. Broke for broke, eye for eye, and tooth for tooth. Becon, ii. 94. BROKERESS, a female broker or go- between. Now beldam Brokresse must bee with moouye rewarded. Stanyhurst, Conceites, p. 140. BRONSEWING, a small insect. You know you've no more fight in you than a bronsemny. H. Kingsley, Geoff ry Ilamlyn, ch. xxvi. BRONZIFY, to bronze, or cast in bronze. St. Michael descending upon the Fiend has been caught and bronzijied, just as he lighted on the castle of St. Angelo. . . . He is as natural as blank verse, that bronze angel, set, rhythmic, grandiose. Thackeray, New- comes, ch. xxxv. BROOM, to sweep. He had . . to yell at the woodman for clearing not enough or too much, to rail at the poor old work-people brooming away the fallen leaves. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. Iviii. BROOM. The proverb in the extract is still in constant use to express the zeal of one new to an office. BROOM-SQUIRE ( 85 ) BR UCKLE I will hence to the court with all liast I may, I think the king be stirring, it is now bright, day; To wayte at a pinch, still in sight I meane, For wot you what ? a new Iroome sweepes cleane. Edwards, Damon and Pithias (Dodsley, 0. PL, i. 233). BROOM-SQUIRE. See quotation. " Did you ever," said Tom, " hear the story of the two Sandhurst broom - squires 1 " " Broom-squires ? " " So we call in Berkshire squatters on the moor who live by tying heath into brooms." C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xiv. BROOMSTICK. To be married over the broomstick = to live as man and wife without being married. In some parts of England this is called " jump- ing the besom." Young ladies had fain single women re- main, And unwedded dames to the last crack of doom stick, Ere marry by taking a jump o'er a broomstick. Ingoldsby Legends (S. Romwold). This woman in Gerrard-street here had been married very young, over the broomstick (as we say), to a tramping man. Dickens, Great Expectations, ch. xlviii. BROTHER, to stand in the relation of brother, or to address a person as brother. Had it not been for the prudent advice of that admirable somebody (whose principal fault is the superiority of her talents, and whose misfortune to be brother'd and sister'd by a couple of creatures who are not able to comprehend her excellences), I might at one time have been plunged into difficulties. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, vi. 407. By such missions and such brothering and sistering he kept up his influence among his people. Southey, Letters, 1818 (iii. 97). BROW, effrontery. Cf. CHEEK. They were men of more brow than brain, being so ambitious to be known, that they had rather be hiss ? d down than not come upon the stage. Fuller, Holy State, Bk. IV. ch, xi. Some of them . . . have . . audacious brows and seared consciences. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 162. BROW-BENDING, frowning. "With matrimonie cometh . . . the soure browbendyng of your wifes kinsfolkes, the tattelyng toungue of your wifes mother. UdaVs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 18. BROWN, a penny (slang). Two or three chimney-sweeps, two or three clowns, Playing at pitch and toss, sport their broicns. Ingoldsby Legends (Netley Abbey} BROWN BESS, the old regulation musket with a brown barrel : it is no longer in use. Religion Jack did never profess, Till he had shoulder'd old Brown Bess. Combe. Dr. Syntax, Tour II. c. ii. BROWN-BREAD, ordinary ; homely. He's a very idiot and brown-bread clown, and one I know the wench does deadly hate. Wily Beguiled (Hawkins, Eng. Dr., iii. 313). They drew his brown-bread face on pretty gins, And made him stalk upon two rolling-pins. Bp. Corbet on Great Tom of Ch. Ch. BROWNETTA, a brunette. In bodye fine f ewterd, a brave Brownetta. Stanyhurst, Conceites, p. 141. BROWN GEORGE. See extract, and cf. L., s. v. George. He looked disdainfully at the wig ; it had once been a comely jazey enough, of the colour of over-baked ginger-bread, one of the description commonly known during the latter half of the last century by the name of a brown George. Ingoldsby Legends (Jar- ms's Wig). BROWN GEORGE, a brown loaf. See L., s. v. George, and the extract he- gives from Dryden. The original in the extract is boussin de pain. The devil of one musty crust of a brown George the poor boys had to scour their grinders with. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. iv. Author's Prologue. BROWN GEORGE. See extract, and L., s. v. George. He . . stood behind his oak, holding his brown George, or huge earthenware recept- acle, half full of dirty water, in which his bedmaker had been washing up his tea-things. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xxiv. BROWNIE, an elf or sprite of a bene- volent character. You talk of my being a fairy, but I am sure you are more like a brownie. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxxvii. BROWNING, perhaps a form of Brownie : winds were supposed to be raised by witches. See s. v. LAPLAND. Man is so wicked and vngratious, his wit so inventiue, that he will be sowing, tending, and plucking that with his own hand that calls for nothing else at sea but winde ; and neuer rests till Browning be come. Holland, Pliny, Bk. xix. (proem). BRUCKLE, brittle (?). Brickie is used in Auth. Vers., 1611. H. has " BrucMed, wet and dirty;" and Herrick, i. 96, BUCKEEN speaks of "bnLckeld children." It is just possible that the word in Putten- hara may bear this meaning, but the other seems more likely. Goe now and giue thy life vnto the winde, Trusting unto a piece of bruckle wood, Foure inches from thy death, or seaman good, The thickest planke for shipboord that we find. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xix. BRUMMAGEM, applied to what is false, Birmingham having a reputation for spurious manufactures. In the first quotation halfpenny is understood. He picked it up, and it proved to be a Brummejam of the coarsest and clumsiest kind, with a head on each side. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxl. Uncle Sam . . . had the brutality to tell his nephew in very plain terms, that if ever he found that Brummagem gent in Poole's rooms again, Poole would never again see the colour of Uncle Sam's money. Lytton, What will he do mth it ? Bk. IV. ch. xvi. BRUSH. See extract, which is given at greater length, s. v. PIMP. Small light bavins . . . are called in the taverns a Brush. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 138. BRUSH, hasty departure. I reminded him, not without blushing, of my having no money. He answered, " That signifies nothing ; score it behind the door, or make a bold brush, and take no notice." Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. VIII. ch. xii. BRUSHMAN, a painter. How difficult in artists to allow To brother brushmen even a grain of merit ! Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 138. BRUSQUE, abrupt. A French word now naturalized. See L., s. v. brusk. You rap out a round rejoinder, which, if not blunt, is at least brusque. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xiv. BRUSQUERIE, bluntness. A Fr. word Anglicized. Dorothea looked straight before her, and spoke with cold brusquerie. G. Eliot, Middle- march, ch. ii. BRUTE, applied without any ill mean- ing to a human being. See extract s. v. HEELS IN NECK. Friar Bacon, having in his magic glass seen two scholars kill each other, soliloquizes Bacon, thy magic doth effect this massacre: This glass prospective worketh many woes ; And therefore seeing these brave lusty Unites, These friendly youths, did perish by thine art, End all thy magic and thine art at once. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 175. BRUTERER, prophesier, or soothsayer. This is Tyndale s explanation of the word (i. 445), which he uses in Deut. xviii., where " a bruterer, or a maker of dismal days " = " that useth divination, or an observer of times," in our version. Bruterer, I suppose, therefore = one who sends forth, under real or pretended inspiration, reports or bruits. " Who hath believed our report ? " (Isa. liii. 1). BUBBLEABLE, capable of being duped. If the winner is bubbleable, they will in- sinuate themselves into his acquaintance. The Nicker Nicked, 1669 (Harl. Misc., ii. 109). BUBBLE AND SQUEAK, fried beef and cabbage ; used also contemptuously, like gammon and spinach. Such is the sound (the simile's not weak) Formed by what mortals bubble call and squeak, When midst the frying-pan in accents savage, The beef so surly quarrels with the cabbage. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 29. Bank and title ! bubble and squeak ! No ! not half so good as bubble and squeak ; English beef and good cabbage. But foreign rank and title ! foreign cabbage and beef ! foreign bubble and foreign squeak. Lytton, My Novel, Bk. VIII. ch. viii. BUBONIC, swollen ; inflated. Rouse opposition, roared a tipsey cook, "With hands a-kimbo, and bubonic look. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 29. BUCCINATORY, blowing or trumpeting. My uncle Toby instantly withdrew his hand from off my father's knee, . . . and then directing the buccinatory muscles along his cheeks, and the orbicular muscles around his lips to do their duty, he whistled Lilla- bullero. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, ii. 121. BUCK. Half the river fell over a high weir, with all its appendages of bucks, and hatchways, and eel-baskets, into the Nun's-pool. C. Kingsley, Yeast, ch. iii. BUCKEEN, an inferior sort of squireen, q. v. There were several squireens or little squires, a race of men who have succeeded to the buckeens described by Young and Crtimpe. Miss Edgeworth, Absentee, ch. vii. The spalpeen ! turned into a buckeen, that would be a squireen, but rau't. Ibid., Love and Lair. i. 4. BUCKET ( BUCKET, to use a bucket ; also to drench. Like Danaides' Sieve-like Tub is filling ever, But never full for all their bucketing. Sylvester, Memorials of Mortalitie, st. 23. "Wo be to him whose head is bucketed with waters of a scalding bath. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 194. BUCKET. To kick the bucket = to die (slang). Chieftain, if thou canst at all For a shipwreck'd Lady angle, Clew me up thy Castle wall ; Near thee doth a Bucket dangle. Chieftain, leave me not to drown ; Save a Maid without a smicket. If the Bucket come not down, Soon shall I be doom'd to kick it. Colman, Poetical Vagaries, p. 55. " Fine him a pot," roared one, " for talking about kicking the bucket ; he's a nice young man to keep a cove's spirits up, and talk about 'a short life and a merry one.' " C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. ii. BUCKET. To give the bucket = to dismiss, or give the sack. In the ex- tract it refers to the rejection of an offer of marriage. He were sore put about because Hester had gi'en him the bucket. Jfi-s. Gaskell, Syl- via's Lovers, ch. xxi. BUCKING, jumping up high and sud- denly. "He can sit some bucking horses which very few men will attempt to mount." " And that same bucking. Miss Brentwood," said Halbert,"is just what puzzles me utterly. 1 got on a bucking horse in Sydney the other day, and had an ignominious tumble in the sale-yard, to everybody's great amusement." H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xxviii. BUCKISH, dandified. Mr. Musgrave, a buckish kind of young man of fashion. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, ii. 182. But it so hap'd, among the rest The farmer's landlord was a guest ; A buckish blade, who kept a horse To try his fortune on the course. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour I. c. xvii. BUCKLE, to submit ; to bend (see 2 Hen. IV., I. i., quoted by L.) : still in use among shipwrights, &c. Teach this body To bend, and these my aged knees to buckle In admiration and just worship to you. Jonson, Staple of Neics, II. i. The Dutch, as high as they seem, do begin to buckle. Pepys. Dec. 17, 1664. [I] took up, which I keep by me, a piece of r ) BUFF glass so melted and buckled" iriih the heat of the fire like parchment. Ibid. Sept. 5, 1666. A brave man scorns to buckle to fortune. T. Brown, Works, ii. 171. BUCKLERS. To bang, snatch, take, or hold up bucklers = to fight or con- tend ; to yield bucklers = to submit ; to carry bucklers from = to conquer. See s. v. BRAVER. Cf. L. and N., s. v. These great undertakers have snatched up the bucklers, as if they would make it good against all comers. Sanderson, i. 289. Let any Papist or Precisian in the world give instance but in any one single thiug doc- trinally maintained by the Church of Eng- land, which he can with any colour of truth except against as a commandment of men, .... we will yield the bucklers, and confess her guilty. Ibid. ii. 159. A rank coward may take up the bucklers, and brave it like a stout champion. Ibid. ii. 339. "Were it not for God's marvellous blessing on our studies, and the infinite odds of truth on our side, it were impossible, in human probability, that we should hold up the buck- lers against [the Papists]. Fuller, Ch. Hist., X. iii. 20. They found the king to be well affected [to Bp. Andrewes] for taking up the bucklers for him against Cardinal Bellarmine. Heylin, Life of Laud, Bk. i. p. 64. Their servants at market, or where they met (in that slashing age), did commonly bang one another's bucklers. Aubrey, Misc., p. 214. BUCK-LOG, a beech log. See L., s.v. buckwheat. Beech is the best firing- wood, and is called in France bois du, Seigneur. A brutal cold country this for a man to camp out in ; never a buck-log to his fire, no, nor a stick thicker than your finger for seven mile round. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. v. BUCKRAM, to stiffen or swell out. His most holy Book . . . "Was never meant, was never used before, To buckram out the memory of a man. Cotrper, Winter Walk at Noon, 652. BUCKRAMIZE, to stiffen, as with buck- ram. But who would then have heard of, by the by, The Vice-suppressing starch'd Society ? That tribe of self-erected Prigs, whose leaven Consists in buckramizing souls for Heaven. Colman, Poetical Vagaries, p. 126. BUFF. In buff = naked. The slaves . . had stripped the commis- sary to his fmff. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. I. Bk. III. ch. viii. BUFF BULK " I have got as many clothes and things of all kinds as would serve to set up a Mon- mouth-street merchant: if the place had held out but a few days longer, the poor devils must have done duty in their buff; ha ! ha ! ha ! " " And the properest dress for them," returned the admiral ; " who wants any clothes in such a climate as this ? " Johnston, Chrysal, ii. 235. Titian's famed Goddess, in luxurious huff, Was the first piece the Parson thrust his nose on. Colman, Poetical Vagaries, p. 145. BUFF, fellow, or, as we now say, buffer. Mayhap old buff has left my kinsman here his heir. Smollett, Roderick Random, ch. iv. BUFF-COAT, a soldier ; or, as an adjec- tive, military. Schismatical pravity will grow up under the licentiousness of war ; some profane huff-coats will authorize such incendiaries. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 170. Tis a buff-coat objection that his Majesty consum'd as much in embassies to settle differences by accord, and did no good, as would have maintain'd a noble war, and made him sure of his demands. Ibid. ii. 224. BUFFER, fellow (slang). Of. BUFF. I'll merely observe as the water grew roughen The more my poor hero continued to suffer, Till the sailors themselves cried in pity "Poor buffer!" Inyoldsby Let/ends (Bar/man* 's Dog}. BUFFOONISH, like a buffoon ; ridicul- ous. All their actions are so bitffoonish and ini- mical, that any would judge they had learned all their tricks of mountebanks and stage- players. Kennel's Erasmus, Praise of Folly, p. 120. BUFF-STOP. See extract. Fat flattens the most brilliant thoughts, Like the buff-stop on harpsichords or spinnets Muffling their pretty little tuneful throats, That would have chirped away like linnets. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 122. BUGABOO, a hobgoblin ; but in the extract it seems = a magistrate, as being a terror to evil-doers. We have done many a mad prank together, which I should not like the bugaboos and bulkies to know. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Ixxix. BUGGISH, terrifying. Of father Anchises thee goast and grislye resemblaunce, When the day dooth vannish, when lights eke starrye be twinckling, In sleep mee monisheth, with visadge hinj- yish he feareth. Stanyhurst, &n.,iv. 372. BUGLE. This word is explained in the Diets, a bull or buffalo, and this seems to be its proper meaning; but Fuller uses it for fallow deer, which is also the word in our Bible in Deut. xiv. 5 ; 1 Kings iv. 23, where the older version gives bugle. For more about bugle, especially as an Isle of Wight word and tavern-sign, see If. and Q-, II. viii. 423, 461 ; x. 493. Venison both red and fallow, for so we find in Solomon's bill of fare, harts, bucks, and bugles. Fuller, Pisyah Sight, I. v. 2. BUGLE, a ghost. See Jamieson, s. v. bogill. The extract occurs in a letter to Aubrey from " a learned friend in Scotland." They assigned it [second sight] to Bugies or Ghosts. Aubrey, Misc., p. 192. BUGLE-BEARD, shaggy beard, like a buffalo. N. has bugle-browed. Who with his bristled, hoarie, bugle-beard, Comming to kiss her, makes her lips afeard. Sylvester, fourth day. first iceeke, 708. BUGS. To swear by no bugs = to swear earnestly, i. e. by no mere empty things. N., s. v. beggars, gives the phrase "to swear by no beggars." Caligula . . . bid his horse to supper, gave him wine to drink in cups of estate, set barly graines of golde before him to eate, and swore by no buys that hee would make him a Consul. Gossan, Schoole of Abuse, p. 33. BUILDRESS, female builder. Sherah, the daughter of Ephraim the younger, the greatest Imildresf in the whole Bible. Fuller, Pisyah Siyht, II. ix. 8. BULIMY, a diseased craving for food ; hunger like that of an ox ; or, as Bailey also explains it, hunger keen enough to eat an ox. Sylvester has boulime. See extract, s. v. ANOREXIE. I do not mean the helluo librorum, .... nor those first cousins of the north who labour under a bulimy for black letter. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xvii. BULK, to be prominent ; to occupy space. L. has it as an active verb. At the date when Johnson was a poor rusty-coated scholar . . . were there not chan- cellors and prime-ministers enough ; graceful gentlemen, the glass of fashion ; honour- giving noblemen, dinner-giving rich men ; renowned fire-eaters, swordsmen, gownsmen ; quacks and realities of all hues; any one of whom bitlkid much larger in the world's eye than Johnson ever did? (.'tir'yle, Ji'/.sr. iii. 57. BULK BULLOCK BULK, to belch. His own commendation rumbles within him, till he hath bulked it out, and the air of it is unsavoury. Adams, i. 500. BULKER, prostitute. He is the treasurer of the thieves' ex- chequer, the common fender of all bidkers and shop-lifts in the town. Four for a Penny, 1678 (Harl. Misc., iv. 147). For all your majors scarce will make Me think what's past for Virtue's sake ; Or that this bulker of the town Came only here to rub ye down. D' Urfey, Collin's Walk, cant. 4. In comparison of whom (cheating game- sters) the common bulkers and pickpockets are a very honest society. T. Brown, Works, iii. 60. BULKY, a constable (thieves' cant). We have done many a mad prank together, which I should not like the bugaboos and bulkies to know. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Ixxix. BULL, a blunder. The earliest ex- ample of this word in the Diets, is from Milton's Apology for Smectym- nuus, 1642. The following, from Selden's Table Talk, p. 230, might possibly be a little earlier, though of course its exact date cannot be assigned. Predestination is a point inaccessible, out of our reach ; we can make no notion of it, 'tis so full of intricacy, so full of contra- diction ; 'tis in good earnest, as we state it, half a dozen buffs one upon another. BULL, a crown (slang). " But what did he do with you ? " " Put me in a horsepittle," replied Jo, whisperiug, " till I was discharged ; then giv' me a little money, four half bulls, wot you may call half-crowns, and ses, ' Hook it ! ' " Dickens, Bleak House, ch. xlvi. BULL, a bubble. This life is as a vapour, as a shadow passing and fleeing away, as a fading flower, as a bull rising on the water. Dean Noicell (Litur- gical Services, Eliz. Parker Soc., p. 501). BULL- DOG, a pistol. Cf. BARKER. Beau Clincher provides himself with a case of pocket pistols when meaning to go to the Jubilee, and thus anti- cipates a rencontre with an Italian bravo ; He whips out his stiletto, and I whips out my bull-dog. Farquhar, Constant Couple, iii. 2. " I have always a brace of bull-dogs about me." ... So saying, he exhibited a very hand- some, highly-finished, and richly-mounted pair of pistols. Scott, St. Ronan's Well, ii. 191. BULL-DOGISM, the bull-dog character, such as tenacity, courage, &c. He possessed the element of bull-doyism also. Savage, E. Medlicott, Bk. II. ch. vi. BULL-DOGS, bailiffs ; also the men who attend upon the Proctors at the Uni- versities when making their rounds, and who pin unruly undergraduates. Mock. But pray what's the matter, Mr. Lyric ? Lyric. Nothing, sir, but a shirking book- seller that owed me about forty guineas for a few lines. He would have put me off, so I sent for a couple of bull-days, and arrested him. Farquhar, Love and a Bottle, iii. 2. "We unworthier told Of college : he had climb'd across the spikes, And he had squeezed himself betwixt the bars, And he had breath'd the Proctor's dogs. Tennyson, Princess, Prologue. BULLETED, hard and rounded like a bullet. Thee clowne stout standeth with a leshe of bulleted hard stoans. Stanyhursl, Con- ceites, p. 143. BULLET-HEADEDNESS, stolid obstinacy ; a quality usually found with a. head of that shape. The great defect of " Ellen Middleton," lies in the disgusting sternness, captious- ness, and bullet-headed ness of her husband. E. A. Poe, Marginalia, Ixxiv. BULLFINCH, a corruption of bull- fence ; a stiff fence able to keep bulls in or out of a field. Sit down in your saddles and race at the brook, Then smash at the bullfinch. C. Kingsley (Life, ii. 56). BULLION, a measure of capacity ; an English form of bouillon, a boiling. Each boiling in a salt-pan was limited to twenty-four gallons, which were ex- pected to produce three and a half peel a of suit. See N. and Q., V. x. 410. In the very King's booke which we call Domesday we read thus. In Wich the King and Earle have eight salt pits, which in the whole weeke wherein they boiled andwrought, yeelded on the Friday sixteene Bullions. Holland's Camden, p. 575. BULLOCK, used derisively for a papal brief. I send you here a bullock which I did find amongst my bulls, that you may see how closely in time past the foreign prelates did practise about their prey. Latimcr, ii. 378. BULLOCK B VMMER Y BULLOCK, to bully. You have charged me with bullocking you into owning the truth ; it is very likely, an't please your worship, that I should bullock him ; I have marks enow about my body to show of his cruelty to me. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. II. ch. vi. BULL PLUM, prunus spinosa. "We own it was a plum-tree indeed, but not of the kind Mr. Sergeant sets forth, a dama- scen plum ; our proofs say loudly a bull- plum. Foote, The Lame Lover, Act III. BULL'S-EYE, a policeman's lantern. We don't see but half the bull's-eye yet, and don't see at all the policeman which is a-going on his beat behind the bull's eye. C. Kingsley, Letter, May 1856. BULL'S-EYE, a coarse sweetmeat. He had just arranged a master-piece ; half- a-dozen of the prettiest children sitting be- neath a broken boat, . . . while the black- bearded sea-kings round were promising them rock and bull's-eyes, if they would only sit still like " gude maids." C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xv. BULL'S FEATHER, a horn. To bestow the bull's feather = to make a cuckold. One of the pieces in Merrie Drollerie, p. 264, is called Th^e Bulls Feather. Cuck- olds are styled " knights of the bulls feather " in Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. JV. ch. vii. A good whimsical instrument, take it alto- gether! But what, thinkest thou, are the arms to this matrimonial harbinger? . . . Three crooked horns, smartly top-knotted with ribands ; which being the ladies' wear, seem to intimate that they may very probably adorn, as well as bestow, the bull's feather. Richard- son, C'l. Harlowe, v. 295. BULLY, some sort of fish. On a narrow spit of sand between the rocks a dozen little girls are laughing, romping, and pattering about, turning the stones for " shannies" and "bullies" and other luckless fish left by the tide. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. ii. BULLY, a name given to the larger floe. ' Dick and I be come hither to pick haws and bullies? ..." I found them plucking haws and sloes to appease their hunger. " Smollett, Sir L. Greaves, ch. iii. BULLY, used adjectivally, fine ; he- roic. " That's bully " is an American- ism, and means " that's grand, or fine." So when Troy chairmen bore the wooden steed, Pregnant with Greeks, impatient to be freed (Those Imfly Greeks, who, as the moderns do, Instead of paying chairmen, run them thro'), Laocoon struck the outside with his spear, Aud each imprison'd hero quak'd for fear. Sicift, Description of a City Shower. BULLY DAWSON. See quotations. The references to this worthy in Tom Brown are numerous. One of the Letters from the dead to the living is from Bully Dawson to a kindred spirit. Homer not only makes Achilles invulner- able everywhere but in his heel, but likewise bestows a suit of impenetrable armour upon his invulnerable body. Bully Dawson would have fought the Devil with those advantages. T. Brown, Works, i. 72. I never saw such a bouncing, swaggering puppy since I was born ; Bully Daicson was but a fool to him. Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer, III. i. "What is remembered now of Bully Dair- son ? all I have read of him is that he lived three weeks on the credit of a brass shilling, because nobody would take it of him. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxxv. BUMB BLADES, heavy or large swords. My little rapier Against your bumb blades! I'll one by one dispatch you. Massinger, City Madam, i. 2. BUMBELOES. See extract ; the country referred to is India. "We were met by above a hundred girls carrying on their heads to market baskets of dried fish, which in this country are called lumbeloes. Archteol., viii. 262 (1787). BUMBLE FOOT, a club foot. She died mostly along of Mr. Malone's tumble foot, I fancy. Him and old Biddy were both drunk a-fighting on the stairs, and she was a step below he ; and he, being drunk and bumble-footed too, lost his balance, and down they came together. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. xli. BUMBO is explained by Smollett in a note to be " a liquor composed of rum, sugar, water, and nutmeg." [He] returned to his messmates, who were making merry in the ward-room, round a table well stored with bumbo and wine. Smollett, Roderick Random, ch. xxxiv. BUM-BRUSHER, an elegant name for a schoolmaster. I [Dionysius] was forced to turn bum- brusher in my own defence, a condition which best suited with a man that delighted in tyranny and blood. T. Brown, Wurks, ii. 86. BUMMERY BOND, bottomry bond ; bond of insurance on a ship's bottom. There was a scrivener of "Wapping brought to hearing for relief against a biimmery-bond. yortli, Life of Lord Gxitford, ii. 118'. BURKE BUMPTIOUS, conceited. See quota- tion s. v. GUMPTION. No, my dearest Padre ; bumptious ! no, I deny the charge in toto ; I had not such a thought, or rather such a feel, in the world. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, vi. 324. BUM-TRAP, bailiff. The noble bum-trap, blind and deaf to every circumstance of distress, greatly rises above all the motives to humanity, and into the hands of the jailor resolves to deliver his miserable prey. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. VII. ch. iii. BUN, a dried stalk. Bat what shall be done with all the hard refuse, the long buns, the stalks, the short shuds or shives ? Holland, Pliny, xix. 1. BUNGALOW, a one-storied house is so called in India. He had found her so friendless that he took her into the vacant place, and installed her there, as he would have received a traveller into his bungaloic. Tttackeray, The JYewcomes, ch. v. BUNGERLY, clumsy ; slow. Oftentimes the more shallow in knowledge the more bunrierly in wickedness. Adams, ii. 43. BUNK, berth. If I knew my business properly, I should at this point represent Charles as falling down the companion-ladder and spraining his ankle, or as having over-eaten himself, and so pass over the rest of his voyage by saying that he was confined to his bunk, and saw no more of it. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. li. BUNKUM, empty declamation, an American expression said to be derived from an orator who persisted in speak- ing, though he had few or no listeners, alleging that he was speaking to Bun- combe, a place in N. Carolina, which he represented. Talk plain truth, and leave bunkum for right honourables who keep their places thereby. C. Kingsley, Tico Years Ago, ch. XXV. BUNTING LAMB. To bunt is to push with the head as a ram. See N. and Q., V. x. 410. And I have brought a twagger for the nones A bunting lamb. Peele, Arraignment of Paris, I. i. BUR, twang, or roughness. Their honest and ingenuous natures com- ing to the universities to store themselves with good and solid learning, and there un- fortunately fed with nothing else but the scragged and thorny lectures of monkish and miserable sophistry, were sent home again with such a scholastic bur in their throats as hath stopped and hindered all true and gener- ous philosophy from entering, [and] cracked their voices for ever with metaphysical gar- garisms. Milton, Reason of Ch. Govt., Con- clusion. I have a damned fine original for tbee, an aunt of my own, just come from the North, with the true Newcastle bur in her throat. Foote, The Minor, Introduction. BUR, sweetbread of a calf. The ex- tract is from a bill which Lackington says was put up in a shop in Petticoat- lane. Rumps and burs sold here, and baked sheep's-heads will be continued every night, if the Lord permit. Life of J. Lackington, Letter xxviii. BURDOCK, a weed, belonging to the genus Arctium. See quotation from H. Kingsley s. v. BUT. I had lain so many nights A bedmate of the snail, and eft, and snake, In grass and burdock. Tennyson, The Holy Grail, p. 67. BUREAUCRAT, an administrative official ; a red-tapist. See quotation s.v. PLUTO- CRAT. It was whispered that he had in old times done dirty work for Dublin Castle bureau- crats. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xx. BURGUNDY, a species of head-dress. Sir, I was running to Mademoiselle Furbelo, the French milliner, for a new burgundy for my lady's head. . . . Oh, sir. that's the pret- tiest fashion lately come over! so airy, so French, and all that ! The pinners are dou- ble ruffled with twelve plaits of a side, and open all from the face ; the hair is frizzled all up round the head, and stands as stiff as a bodkin. Then the favourites hang loose upon the temples, with a languishing lock in the middle. Then the caul is extremely wide, and over all is a coronet raised very high, and all the lappets behind. Farquhar, Sir Harry Wildair, i. 1. BURKE, to stifle : from Burke, who was hung in 1829 for various murders by suffocation of people, whose bodies lie afterwards sold to the surgeons. See s. v. BISHOP. Although neither Burke nor Bishop had then [A.D. 1800 J gained a horrible notoriety, his own observation might have suggested to him how easily the atrocities to which the former has since given his name might be committed. Sketches by Boz (The Black Veil). BURN DAYLIGHT ( 92 BUSHEL The last new novel seem'd tame and flat, The leg, a novelty newer than that, Had tripp'd up the heels of fiction, It burked the very essays of Burke. Hood, Miss Kilmansegy. BURN DAYLIGHT, said of having can- dles in before it is dark. Scott makes it = take a long time. I do not under- stand Neverout's remark. Hearsay. Her nose the candle . . . Shape. How bright it flames! Put out your nose, good lady, you burn daylight. Carticright, The Ordinary, i. 2. Lady Sm. Here, take away the tea-table, and bring up candles. Lady Ans. O, Madam, no candles yet, I beseech you ; don't let us burn daylight. Nev. I dare swear, Miss for her part will never burn daylight, if she can help it. Sicift, Polite Conversation (Conv. iii.). "Your story," said the stalwart Church- man ; " burn not daylight about it ; we have short time to spare." Scott, Ivanhoe, ii. 364. BURN-GRAIN, destructive of grain. Turning our seed-wheat-kernel To burn-grain thistle and to vapourie darnel. Sylvester, The Furies, 165. BURNOUS, a long cloak with a hood at the back, like that worn by Arabs. She immediately moved towards her seat, saying, " I want to put on my burnous.'" No sooner had she reached it than Mr. Lush was there, and had the burnous in his hand. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xi. BURR, an onomatopoeous word = to murmur. See another instance from Wordsworth, s. v. DOR-HAWK. Burr, burr, now Johnny's lips they bun', As loud as any mill, or near it. Wordsworth, The Idiot Boy. BURREL, a kind of coarse cloth. See II., s. v. borel, and N. and Q., V. x. 409. Fr. bure or bureau ; the termin- ation eau is frequently found as el in old Fr. : cf. agnel, agneau ; Span. Muriel ; Ital. burello. His white mantle was shaped with severe regularity, according to the rule of Saint Bernard himself, being composed of what was then called burrel cloth. Scott, Ivanhoe, ii. 213. BURST, a stretch ; expanse. Here is a fine burst of country. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. viii. BUSBY, cap worn by hussars, ar- tillery, &c. The gleaming helmet or the imposing bufby may surmount the feeblest sort of brain that could with decency have been put within a human skull. Black, Adventures of a Phaeton, ch. xxiv. BUSH. The bush is the box of the nave of a wheel ; to bush is to put in or renew this. Nay, a new pair of wheels are made (The old ones being much deeay'd), For which he makes such lasting tire As all the Black-Smiths do admire : Hushes the naves, clouts th' Axle-trees, And twenty finer things than these. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 233. BUSH, to beat about as for game ; unless it be the same as busk (q. v.), to make ready (as in dressing). They are forced to bush about for ways and means to pay their rent and charges. North, Life of Ld. Gnilford, ii. 81. BUSH. To beat about the bush = to go to work in a rourdabout way ; the metaphor is taken from shooting. Stand not too long in beating of a bush. For feare the bird beguile thee with her flight. Breton, Mother's Blessing, st. 12. Then have ye the figure Periphrasis ... as when we go about the bush, and will not in one or a few words expresse that thing which we desire to have knowen, but do choose rather to do it by many words. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, Bk. HI. ch. xviii. You must know I went round the bush, and round, the bush, before I came to the matter. Vanbrugh, Confederacy, iii. 2. BUSH-DRAINING. In some parts of England, as in the fen-land of Norfolk, when a road is made, large bushes are thrown down some few feet below the level, and then covered with earth and stones, thus making a rough sort of drain. These last cold and wet lands have been within these forty years greatly iinprov'd by draining off the rain-water, which stagnated on the clayey surface as in a cup, and chilled the roots of the corn ; an invention called Bush-draining. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, ii. 173. BUSHED, wigged. Pan. A hall thrust full of bare heads, some bald, some bush'd, Some bravely branch 'd. Ron. That's the university, Larded with townsmen. Allumazar, i. 3. BUSHEL, used adjectivally for large. "When judges a campaigning go, And on their benches look so big, "What gives them consequence, I trow, Is nothing but a bushel wig. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 226. BUSHING ( 93 ) BUTTER The snowy linen and delicate pantaloon alternates with the soiled check-shirt and bushel breeches. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. xi. BUSHING. Bushes are sometimes planted at irregular distances in places where game is preserved, so that poach- ers cannot draw a net over the ground. With what degree of wholesome rigour bis rents were collected, we hear not ; still less by what methods he preserved his game, whether by " bushing " or how. Carlyle, Past and Present, Bk. II. ch. iii. BUSHLESS, bare ; free from bushes. Meanwhile the new companions past away Far o'er the long backs of the bushless downs. Tennyson, Lancelot and Elaine. BUSK. See extract. This fly, and two links, among wood, or close by a bush, moved in the crust of the water, is deadly in an evening, if you come close [i.e. hidden]. This is called Busking for trout. Lawson, Comments on Secrets of Angling, 1653 (Eng. Garner, i. 194). BUSK, to prepare or make ready (as in dressing), and so to beat about. See BUSH. The ship was found busking on the seas without a mast or rudder. The Successful Pyrate, i. 1. Go busk about, and run thyself into the next great man's lobby. Wycherley, Plain Dealer, iii. 1. "When this shew of suicide had in their minds filled the place of a defence, . . . the parties would be less industrious to busk about for any other. North, Examen, p. 203. My lord Rochester was frighted, and was inclined to fall off from this, and to busk for some other way to raise the supply. Ibid., Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 198. Buss, omnibus : oftener spelt now with a single s, as in extract from Barham s. v. SLIP-SLOPPY. Rumours were rife on the hackney-coach stands that a buss was building to run from Lisson-Grove to the Bank % down Oxford Street and Holborn. Sketches by os ( The Last Cabdriver). BUSTLE, to dispute. Above 200 yeeres since when Edward the Third King of England and Philip Valois bustled for the very kingdome of France. Holland's Camden, p. 261. BUSTUARY, incendiary. They are the firebrands and bustuaries of kingdoms. Adams, ii. 32. The kiudler of this fire is principally Satan. . . . He is the great bustuary himself, and hath other deputed iuflamers under him. llrid. ii. 157. BUSY-BODINESS, meddling disposition. If I chance to make an excursion into the matters of the Commonwealth, it is not out of curiosity or busylodinesse to be medling in other men's lines. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. ix. 23. BUSY-HEAD, a busy-body. Many a busie-head by words and deeds Put in their heads how they may compasse crownes. Davies, Microcosmos, p. 57. BUT, a conical basket used for catch- ing fish. The old gentleman had got hold of a fish, and a big one. The next twenty minutes were terrible. The old gentleman gave him the but. and moved slowly down along the camp-shooting. . . After a time the old gentle- man began to wind up his reel, and then the lad, topboots and landing-net and all, slipped over the camp-shooting (will anybody tell me how to spell that word ? camps-heading won't do, my dear sir, all things considered), and lifted the fish (he was nine pound) up among the burdocks at the old gentleman's feet. H. Kinysley, Ravenshoe,ch. Ixii. BUTCH, to butcher or kill. Go, pudding-heart ! Take thy huge offal and white liver hence, Or in a twinkling of this true-blue steel I shall be butchinq thee from nape to rump. Taylor, Ph. van Art., Pt. II. iii. 1. BUTCHERESS, female butcher. At length the butcheress informed ns . . . that she still had a leg of veal. Havard's Dead Cities of Zuyder Zee, translated by A. AVood, p. 75. BUTCHER-WOMAN, female butcher. A woman that goes much to market told me t'other day that the butcher-women of London, those that sell fowls, butter, eggs, &c., and in general most trades-people, have a particular esteem for what they call Hand- sel ; that is to say. the first money they receive in a morning, they kiss it, spit upon it, and put it in a pocket by itself. Misson, Travels in England, p. 130. BUTLEE, to act as butler. Nobody is more a gentleman than my master ; but the calling he is of allows of no catering nor butleriny. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. II. Bk. IV. ch. vii. BUTT, a hassock. See s. v. BUTT- WOMAN. BUTTER, to flatter. I'll butter him, trust me. Nothing com- forts a poor beggar like a bit of praise when he's down. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. XXV. BUTTEB. One who looks as if butter would not melt in his mouth = a de- BUTTER-WEIGHT ( 94 ) BY-JOB mure or (sometimes) hypocritical per- son. N. gives the phrase with extract of the date of 1687, but he does not notice the fuller form illustrated in the extracts. She looks as if butter would not melt in her mouth, but I icarrant cheese won't choak her. S-ipift, Polite Conversation (Conv. L). I am beginning to think ye are but a queer ane ye look as if butter icadna melt in your mouth, but I sail 'icarrant cheese no choke ye. Scott, St. Ronan's Well, ii. 153. BUTTER-WEIGHT, over full weight. It Avas, perhaps still is, the custom in many places to allow eighteen ounces, or even more, to the pound in weighing butter. They teach you how to split a hair, Give and Jove an equal share ; Yet why should we be lac'd so strait, I'll give my M butter-ireiyht. Swift, Rhapsody on Poetry. BUTTOCK AND FILE, a shop - lifter (thieves' cant). The same capacity which qualifies a mill- ben, a bridle-call, or a buttock and fie to arrive at any degree of eminence in his profession would likewise raise a man in what the world esteem a more honourable calling. Fielding, Jonathan Wild, Bk. I. ch. v. BUTTWOMAN. See quotation. A buttwoman is one who cleans the church, and in service time assists the verger or pew-opener in showing persons into seats. . . In the west of England butt is an old word for hassock ; hence the woman who has charge of these butts and other such furniture of the pews is known as the buttwoman. Free and Open Church Advocate, June 1, 1878. BUYABLE, capable of being bought ; to be obtained for money. The spiritual fire which is in that man, which, shining through such confusions, is nevertheless conviction, and makes him strong, and without which he had not strength, is not buyable nor saleable. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. ii. BUZ-WIG, big- wig, q. v. ; perhaps the idea of pompous stupidity is also con- veyed by the word. Cf. Buzz. All was upset by two witnesses, whom the reader . . . will at once know to be false wit- nesses, but whom the old Spanish buz-rrigs doated on as models of all that could be looked for in the best. De Quincey, Spanish .A'an, sect. 21. Buzz, to pour out the last drops from u decanter. "Get some more port, Bowls, old boy, whilst I buzz this bottle here. What was I a saying?" "I think you were speaking of dogs killing rats," Pitt remarked mildly, handing his cousin the decanter to buzz. Thackeray, Vanity Fair, ch. xxxiv. Buzz. See extract. The Antijacobin having spoken of " P r's [Parr's] buzz prose," adds in a note The learned reader will perceive that this is an elegant metonymy, by which the quality belonging to the outside of the head is trans- ferred to the inside. Buzz is an epithet usually applied to a large wig. It is here used for swelling, burly, bombastic writing. Poetry of Antijacobin, p. 58. BUZZARD, a coward : more usually applied to a blockhead. Breton prays to be delivered From a conspiracie of wicked knaues, A flight of buzzards, and a denne of theeues. Pasquil's Precession, p. 8 An old wise man's shadow is better than a young buzzard's sword. G. Herbert, Jacula Prudentum. BUZZE-MIXT, confused noise. The noyse in it is like that of bees, a strange humming or buzze-mixt of walking, tongues, and feet. Earle, Microcosmographie (Paul's Walk). BYCHOP, a bastard ; one who chops in on the bye, or in an irregular fashion. Cf . BY-SLIP ; the Diets, have by-bloio. First I have sent By-chop away ; the cause gone, the fame ceaseth. Jonson, Magnetic Lady, IV. ii. BY-FOUNDER, a second founder, or one who has something, but not all, of the credit attaching to the actual founder. As for the bounty of Sir Francis Clerk, it exceeded the bounds of Benefaction, and justly entitled him to be a By-founder. Fuller, Hist, of Camb., vii. 27. BYGONES, the past. L. notices the substantival use of this word in the phrase, " Let bygones be bygones" but gives no example. " Don't let us rake up bygones," said Tom ; "if I ever offended you, forgive me."- Dickens, M. Chuzzlewit, ch. xxxvii. Nor is it Wiser to weep a true occasion lost, But trim our sails, and let old bygones be. Tennyson, Princess, iv. I told Kew that bygones had best be bygones. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. lii. BY-JOB, a job out of the ordinary course of business. Dorothy kept the cash, and by that means kept Jerry within tolerable bounds, unless when he could secrete a tester for some }<>/- job. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. II. ch. ii. B Y-NAMED ( 95 ) CABRIOLET BY-NAMED, nicknamed. Sir Henry Percy, for his overf orward spirit and youthf ull heat by - named Hot-Spurre, who had the leading of the English. Hol- land's Camden, p. 803. BY-PAPER, a slip of paper. His manner was, as any abuse or regula- tion came in his mind ... he set it down upon some by-paper, or book, used for not- ing. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 209. BY- PLACE, a secluded place. Theirs was but a by-place, and no great thoroughfare. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. II. ch. xii. BY-POINT, a side issue. The Court of Eome meddled not with the merits of the cause, but fell upon by-points therein of lesser concernment. Fuller, Ch. Hist., V. ii. 7. BY-SLIP, a bastard. Cf. BY-CHOP ; SIDE-SLIP. As Pope Paul the third carried himself to his ungracious by-slips (an Incubus could not have begot worse), who made no further in- quisition after their horrid facts but to say, They learnt it not of him. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 37. BY- WIT, craft. She neuer taught him how to crowch, nor creepe, Nor scorn, nor scoffe, nor hang the head aside, Nor sigh, nor sob, nor wipe the eye, and weepe, Nor hatefull thoughts in louing lookes to hide : No, no, she is of a more heuenly nature, Then with such by-wit to abuse a creature. Breton, Soul's Immortal Crowne, 1st day. c CAB, a cavalier. Shall not his bloud be doubly avenged up- on the heads of such barbarious, worse than bruiting villaines ? But the misery is there is no bloud amongst the Cabs worthy to be named in the same day ... as the gallant Rainsborough's bloud. Mercurius Militaris, Nov. 8, 1648. CABBY, a trowel, or small spade. Little mattocks, pick-axes, grubbing hooks, cabbies (bcches), pruning knives, and other instruments requisite for herborising. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxiii. CABINET, secret or confidential. In this sense cabinet council was in use long before what we now understand by that word. Milton, Eikonoklastes, ch. iv., speaks of a cabinet letter of Charles I., i. e. a private letter. Those are cabinet councils, And not to be communicated. Massinyer, Duke of Milan, ii. 1. You are still my cabinet counsellors, my bosom Lies open to you. Ibid., Guardian, ii. 3. These persons [in 1640] made up the com- mittee of state, which was reproachfully after called the junto, and enviously then in the Court, the Cabinet Council. Clarendon, Hist, of Rebellion, i. 211 (ed. 1849). He was one of the Cabinet Council, and privy to the Prince's going into Spain. Heylin, Life of Laud, p. 105. Others (being only of Truth's Councell) had not received such private instructions as themselves, being Cabinet Historians. Fuller, Ch. Hist., I. v. 28. Others still gape t' anticipate The Cabinet Designs of Fate. Hudibras, II. iii. 24. CABLEGRAM, a message by the electric cable : the word, it may be hoped, is not likely to be generally adopted. Mr. George Francis Train writes to us from the Langham Hotel under date "Wed- nesday : " This libel appears in your journal as a cablegram : ' New York, 20th. George Francis Train has been sent to a lunatic asylum. ' Will you please make the amende honorable. GEOHGE FKANCIS TRAIN, the coming Dictator." In answer to this appeal, we can only say we have pleasure in admit- ting that the fact of Mr. Train being now in London is complete evidence that he is not in an American lunatic asylum. The Times, 1873. CABLE - HANGER. See extract. Ro- chester is the place spoken of. Persons who dredge or fish for oysters, not being free of the fishery, are called Cable- hanc/ers, and are presented and punished by the Court. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, i. 150. CABOOSE, the cooking cabin of a boat. Fog creeping into the cabooses of collier- brigs ; fog lying out on the yards, and hover- ing in the rigging of great ships. Dickens, Bleak House, ch. i. CABRIOLET, a sort of cap. All we hear from France is that a new madness reigns there, as strong as that of Pantins was. This is la fureur des cabriolets CACAM CADGER A nylice, one-horse chairs, a mode introduced by Mr. Child. They not only universally go in them, but wear them ; that is, everything is to be en cabriolet. The men paint them on their waistcoats, and have them embroidered for clocks to their stockings ; and the women, who have gone all the winter without auy- thing on their heads, are now muffled up in great caps with round sides, in the form of, and scarce less than, the wheels of chaises. Walpole to Mann, iii. 100 (1755). I nave bespoken two cabriolets for her in- stead of six, because I think them very dear, and that she may have four more if she likes them. Ibid., Letters, iii. 376 (1771). CACAM, a wise man (Heb. D?n), syno- nymous with Rabbin, and still current among the Jews as an official design- ation. They have it [the Law] stucke in the jambs of their doores, and couered with glasse ; written by their cacams, and signed with the names of God. Sandys, Travels, p. 146. The Talmud is stuffed with the traditions of their Rabbins and Cacams. Howell, Let- ters, ii. 8. CACODEMONISE, to turn into an evil demon. Take the most beautiful angel that ever painter designed, or engraver copied, put him on a beard, and the celestial character will be so entirely destroyed that the simple append- age of a tail will cacodemonise the Eudemon. Southey, The Doctor, Fragment on Beards. CACOGASTRIC, having a deranged stomach. Diderot writes to his fair one that his clothes will hardly button, that he is thus stuffed, and thus ; and so indigestion succeeds indigestion. Such narratives fill the heart of sensibility with amazement ; nor to the woes that chequer this imperfect cacogastric state of existence is the tear wanting. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 221. CACO-ZELOT, a wicked zealot. Some spitefull Caco-zelots . . . have not so much modesty as to conceale their malice. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 62. CACOZELOTRY, evil zeal. Those holy Bishops . . have been cast upon Dunghills, as Lazarus and Job, by the caco- zelotry of some men in our times. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 623. CAD, a low person ; a menial ; espe- cially an omnibus conductor. Some make it an abbreviation of cadger, others of cadet, others refer it to the Scotch cadie. The weakest of a brood or a litter or a flock is called a cad provin- cially. Cf. CADE-LAMB. The spirited proprietor, knowing Mr. Barker's qualifications, appointed him to the vacant office of cad on the^very first applica- tion. The buss began to run. Sketches by Bo: ( The First Omnibus Cad). Not to forget that saucy lad (Ostentation's favourite cad), The page, who looked so splendidly clad, Like a page of the " Wealth of Nations." Hood, Miss JKilmansegy. Thirty years ago, and even later, the young men of the labouring classes were " the cads," " the snobs," " the blackguards," looked on with a dislike, contempt, and fear which they were not backward to return. Kinysley, Alton Locke, Preface (1862). CADATOB, a beggar who assumes the character of a decayed gentleman. You . . sot away your time in Mongo's fumitory among a parcel of old smoak-dry'd cadators. T. Brown, Works, ii. 179. CADDLE, fuss. Ther wur no sich a caddie about sick folk when I wur a bwoy. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xxxiii. CADDOWE, a coverlet. They have . . . many goodly flockes of sheepe, which they sheare twice a yeere, and make of their course wool], rugges or shagge mantles, caddowes also or coverlets, which are vented into forraiue countries. Holland's Camden, ii. 63. CADE, to barrel or put in a cask : the word is given in the Diets, as a sub- stantive. The rebel, Jack Cade, was the first that devised to put redde-herrings in cades, and from hym they have their name. Nowe as wee call it the swinging of herrings when hee [we ?] cade them, so in a halter was hee swung, and trussed uppe as hard and round as any cade of herring he trussed uppe in his tyme ; and perhaps of his being so swung and trussed up, havyug first founde out the trick to cade herring, they woulde so much honour him in his death as not onely to call it swinging but cading of herring also. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 179). CADE-LAMB, a house lamb, and so a pet child. See CAD. Eh, she'd fine work wi' ye, I'll warrant, bringin' ye up from a babby, an' her a lone woman ; it's ill bringin' up a cade lamb. G. Eliot, Adam Bede, ch. x. CADGE, to beg. I've got my living by casting fortins, and begging, and cadging, and such like. //. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xv. CADGER, the bearer or carrier of hawks. Bailey, and after him H., g've CADUCAL ( 97 ) CALENDS " Cadye, a circular piece of wood on which hawks are carried when exposed to sale." The expected pleasure of the first day's hawking was now bright in his imagination ; the day was named, the weather promised well, and the German cadyers and trainers who had been engaged . . . came down. Miss Edgeworth, Helen, ch. xvii. CADUCAL, liable to fall. Nought therefore but vain sensibles we see caducall. H. More, Immortality of the Soul, I. iii. 24. CADUCE, a rod or caduceiis. Heralds in blew velvet sem6e with flours de lys, caduces in their hands aud velvet caps on their heads. Evelyn, Diary, Sept. 7, 1651. (LESAR, to make like Csesar ; to raise to supreme power. Crowned, he villifies his own kingdom for narrow bounds, whiles he hath greater neighbours ; he must be Casared to a uni- versal monarch. Adams, i. 491. ZE, to rule. This pow'r hath highest vertue of Desire, And Ctesarizeth ore each appetite. Dames, Microcosmos, p. 25. CAGE-WORK, a defence to conceal or protect men in time of action. See quotation, s. v. COBRIDGE-HEAD. CAGELING, small cage-bird. At last she let herself be conquered by him, And as the cageling newly-flown returns, The seeming-injured simple-hearted thing Came to her old perch back and settled there. Tennyson, Merlin and Vivien. Am I as a child perhaps, chasing a flown cageling, who among the branches free plays and peeps at the offered cage (as a home not to be urged on him), and means to take his time of coming, if he come at all ? Black- more, Lorna Doone, ch. xx. CAIRNED, crowned with a cairn. "When the lake whiten'd, and the pinewood roar'd, And the cairn'd mountain was a shadow. Tennyson, Merlin and Vivien. CAITIFF, stingy. To be reserved and caitiff in this part of goodness is the sordidest piece of covetous- ness, and more contemptible than the pe- cuniary avarice. Brown, Rel. Med., Pt. ii. sect. 3. CAJOLE. The foreign form of this word in the extract seems to intimate that in 1660 it was not naturalized, and the earliest instance of the verb in the Diets, is from Hudibras (1674). L., however, has cajolery, with a quotation from Montagu' s Devout Essays (1654). I can neither cogg,cageule, nor complement. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 76. CALAIS MARKET. He that bids most (like Calais market), whatsoever be the cause, shall be sure of the sentence. W. Patten, Exped. to Scotl., 1548 (Eng. Garner, iii. 70). CALANDER, a kind of lark. H. gives the word with one or two references, but no extract. He was a Triton of his time, and a sweete- siuging calander to the state. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 176). CALCINIZE, to calcine ; reduce to ashes. God's dread wrath, which quick doth cal- cinize The marble mountains, and the ocean dries. Sylvester, The Trophies, 1200. CALCITRATE, to kick. The filly was soon scared out of her seven senses, and began to . . calcitrate it, to wince it, to frisk it. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. xiv. CALCULATE, calculation. Nor were these brothers mistaken in their calculates, for the event made good all their prognostics. North, Examen, p. 602. They, as was noted, had calculates of elec- tions, and knew by their rule of progression how much the next sessions of Parliament must be more averse to the Court than the last w&s.Ibid. p. 609. CALEFACTORY, perhaps the silver ball filled with hot water, placed on the altar in winter for the priest to warm his hands on, lest from their being numbed any accident should happen : it was also called the pome. A calefactory silver and gilt, with leaves graven, weighing nine ounces and half. Inventory of Lincoln Cath., 1536. CALENDS. The Greeks did not reckon by calends ; Greek Calends therefore = never. Suetonius mentions that it was a favourite expression with the Emperor Augustus, to denote, as in the second quotation, the period when some people might be expected to pay their debts (Octavivs, cap. 87). The judgment or decree shall be given out and pronounced at the next Greek Ca- lends, that is, never. Urquhart's Ralelais, Bk. I. ch. xx. " But," quoth Pantagruel, " when will you be out of debt ? " " At the next ensniug term of the Greek Kalends," answered Pan- CALF ( c urge, " when all the world shall be content." Ibid. Bk. III. ch. iii. CALF. To eat the calf in tJie cow's belly = to count one's chickens before they are hatched. I ever made shift to avoid anticipations : I never would eat the calf in the coir's belly, as Lord M.'s phrase is. Richardson, Cl. Har- lowe, iii. 135. Til have no more such doings, let me tell ye ; No, no, no eating calves in the cow's belly. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 258. CALF-BED, a word formed jocosely on the model of child-bed. Tom has lost a cow in calf-bed. Southey, Letters, iii. 305 (1822). CALF-LOLLY, a term of reproach. Jobbinol goosecaps, foolish loggerheads, flutch calf-lollies. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxv. CALF-LOVE, a youthful fancy, as dis- tinguished from a serious attachment. It's a girl's fancy, just a kind o' calf-love; let it go by. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xx. CALICO, thin. Cf. TIFFANY, In such a place as that your callico body (tenui corpusculo) had need have a good fire to keep it warm. Bailey's Erasmus, p. 37. CALIGINOSITY, darkness. Sir T. Browne has caligation. I dare not ask the oracles ; I prefer a cheerful caliyinosity, as Sir Thomas Browne might say. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xxx vii. CALIGEAPHER, a good writer. I would have taught him in three weeks a firm, current, clear, and legible hand ; he should have been a caliyrapher. Scott, Guy Mannering, i. 260. An affection sprung up between the old painter and the young caliyrapher. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. i. CALIGULISMS, extravagances like those of Caligula. Walpole says of Fred- erick Prince of Wales Alas! it would be endless to tell you all his Caliyulisms. Letters to Mann, ii. 103 (1745). CALINO. Bailey gives call as an old word for bravery : it is just possible that calino may be connected with this, and = a gallant. Amongst our English harmonious calinos, one is up with the excellence of the brown bill and the long bowe ; another playes his prizes in print in driving it home with all weapons in right of the noble science of de- fence ; a third writer passing enamorately of * ) - CAMELIONIZE the nature of white-meates. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 158). Hor. O, oh! Tul. Nay, your o, oh's! nor your callin-oes cannot serve your turn. Dekker, Satiromas- tix (Hawkins, Eny. Dr., iii. 191). CALOR (Lat), heat. The one dries up the Humour Radicall, The other drowns the Color Naturall. Sylvester, Tobacco Battered, 517. CALOTYPIST, a photographer: the calotype is a particular photographic process. See L. Having and holding, till I imprint her fast On the void at last, As the sun does whom he will By the calotypisfs skill. Browning, Mesmerism. CALUMNIZE, to calumniate. And tho' he strips us to our skins, We'd have it thought 'tis for our sins, And make Heav'n guilty of the thing, Kather than calumnize the king. D'Urfey, Athenian Jilt. CALUMNY, to calumniate. Whereas before he was an enemy, and almost a persecutor of Christ, he was now an earnest seeker after him, changing his old manner of calumnying into a diligent kind of conferring both with Master Bilney and others. Foxe, Acts and Monuments, p. 1298, ed. 1563. CALVAR, a large ship. Calvars and magars, hulks of burden great, Which Brandimart rebated from his coast, And sent them home, ballass'd with little wealth. Greene, Orl. Fur., i. 1. CALVINISTICATE, to imbue with Cal- vinism. Cotton Mather is such an author as Fuller would have been, if the old English worthy, instead of having been from a child trained up in the way he should go, had been Calvin- isticated till the milk of human kindness with which his heart was always ready to overflow had turned sour. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xlvi. CAMBIO (Ital.), bill of exchange. I commend them for their plain downright dealing, and punctuality in payment of cam- bios, contracts, and the souldiers' salary. Hoicell, Dodona's Grove, p. 20. CAMELIONIZE, to change colour, like the chameleon. In your kingshipe I must leave you, and repeate how from white to redde you catne- lionized. Nashe, Lenten Stvffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 171). CAMEL-KNEED ( 99 ) CANDLE CAMEL-KNEED, having knees hardened like those of a camel. Southey remarks in a note, that when he used this epithet he was not aware that the likeness had been seriously applied to St. James, of whom Hegesippus says, " His knees were after the guise of a camel's knee, benumbed and bereft of the sense of feeling by reason of his continual kneel- ing in supplication to God, and petition for the people." I have led Some camel-kneed prayer-monger through the cave. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. v. CAMELLER, camel-driver. Our Companions had their cradles strucke downe through the negligence of the Camel- lers. Sandys, Travels, p. 137. CAMENES, Muses ; the Ccimcence. Deuyne Camenes, that with your sacred food Haue fed and f osterde vp from tender yeares A happye man that in your fauour stoode. Gooye, Sonette of Edwardes of the Chappell. CAMISOLE (Fr.), a loose jacket. Spenser and others have camis. Mrs. O'Dowd, the good housewife, arrayed in curl-papers and a camisole, felt that her duty was to act, and not to sleep, at this juncture. Thackeray, Vanity Fair, ch. xxx. CAMPAIGNED, employed in campaigns. " Here," said I, to an old soldier with one hand, who had been campaiyn'd, and worn out to death in the service, " here's a couple of sous for thee." Sterne, Sent. Journey, Montriul. CAMPANALIAN, pertaining to a bell. Panurge's fancy sometimes hears the bells bidding him marry, and some- times dissuading him. This campanalian oracle fretteth me to the guts. Urquhart, Rabelais, Bk. III. ch. xxviii. CAMPE-SQUIRE, groom. ... a base campe-squire that sometimes knowne to be, Had now usurped five yeares past, and ruled with tyrannic. Holland's Camden, p. 83. CANAGLIA (Ital.), dregs of the people : the French form canaille has become naturalized among us. See quotation, s. v. RATTLE-HEADED. And what is the subject matter? Low plebeian invention, proper only for a canaa- lia of poltroons over ale to babble one to another. North, Examen, p. 306. CANASTER, a kind of tobacco ; pro- perly, the rush basket in which it was packed. But a plain leg of mutton, my Lucy, I pr'ythee get ready at three ; Have it smoking, and tender, and juicy, And what better meat can there be 'f And when it has feasted the master, 'Twill amply suffice for the maid ; Meanwhile I will smoke my canaster, And tipple my ale in the shade. Thackeray, Imitation of Horace (Misc. i. 76). CANCER, to crawl like a crab. Other things advance per saltum they do not silently cancer their_way onwards. De Quincey, Roman Meals. CANCERED, eaten as by cancer. The strulbrug of Swift . . . was a wreck, a shell, that had been burned hollow and cancered by the fierce furnace of life. De Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 95. CANCRO, an -Italian imprecation ; the cancer take you. Not a word but ah and oh, and now and then rise off his bed in a rage, knitting his brows with cancro, and then he spake Italian. Breton, Phisition's Letter, p. 63. Agn. I haue a bodie here which once I lou'd And honour'd above all ; but that time's past . . . That shall supply at so extreme a need the vacant gibbet. Lys. Cancro ! what, thy husband's bodie ? Chapman, Widdowes Teares, Act V. CANDID, usually = fair, unprejudiced ; in extract, however, it means favourable. King Charles and Queen Mary came to Cambridge, were entertained at Trinity Col- lege with comedies, and expressed candid acceptance thereof. Fuller, Hist, of Camb., viii. 22. CANDIDATE, white. See'st thou that cloud that rides in state, Part ruby-like, part candidate ? It is no other than the bed Where Venus sleeps, half smothered. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 288. CANDLE. To light a candle to the devil is to be a subservient assistant in some evil. The expression refers to a belief that witches used to burn candles in token of adoration before an image of the devil. See N. and Q., II. ix. 29. Though not for hope of good, Yet for the feare of euill, Thou maist find ease so proffering up A candell to the deucll. Tusser, Husbandrie, p. 148. Some will offer to kisse the hands which they wish were cut off, and would be con- tent to light a candle to the devil, so they may compasse their owne ends. Howell, Forraine Travell, sect. 8. H 2 CANDLE ( 100 ) CANDLESTICK Here have I been holding a candle to the devil, to show him the way to mischief. Scott, Fair Maid of Perth, ii. 213. CANDLE. Not to be able to hold a candle to another = to be far inferior. I used to say no one could hold a candle to our Grace, but she she looked like a born queen all the time. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ayo, ch. xv. A Frenchman is conceited enough, but, by George, he can't hold a candle to a Scotch- man. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xxx ii. CANDLE. To burn the candle at both ends = to expend strength or life or money, &c., recklessly. Pay the debts that you owe, keep your word to your friends. But don't set your candles alight at both ends. Ingoldsly Legends. (St. Cuthbert). To double all your griefs, and burn life's candle, As village gossips say, at either end. Kingsley, Saint's Tragedy, iii. 1. CANDLE. The proverb in the extract explains itself. Compare the expres- sion, "The game is not worth the candle." Gosson confesses that in times past he had written comedies, but adds I gaue myself to that exercise in hope to thriue, but I burnt one candle to seek another, and lost both my time and my trauell, when I had doone. School of Abuse, p. 41. CANDLE. Not worth the candle = not worth the cost or trouble : the proverb is a French one. Let him not trot about to view rare col- lections of coclde-shells, or skeletons, or tadpoles and spiders ; for, after all, these discoveries are not worth the candle. Gentle- man Instructed, p. 556. CANDLE-FLY, Bailey's translation of pyralis, a winged insect supposed to live in fire. Bailey, no doubt, was thinking of the moth attracted by the candle. "Why should an owl be an enemy to small birds, a weasel to a crow, a turtle-dove to a candle-fly ? Jjailey's Erasmus Colloq., p. 392. CANDLE - BENTS, perhaps originally some tenure under which certain altars or shrines were to be supplied with candles (?). The Dean and Chapter of Paul's in giving up their accounts to the King's Commis- sioners pretended themselves yearly losers by some of these chanteries. For generally they were founded on candle-rents (houses are London's land), which were subject to caeu- altie, reparations, and vacations. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VI. vi. 16. The redeeming and restoring of [Lay im- propriations] was these Feoffees' designe, and it was verily believed (if not obstructed in their endeavours) within fifty yeers rather purchases than money would have been wanting unto them, buying them generally (as candle - rents) at or under twelve yeers' valuation. Ibid. XI. ii. 6. CANDLE, SALE BY INCH OF. The bid- dings were made while the inch of candle was burning ; the last bidder at the time of its going out was the pur- chaser. The custom is not altogether obsolete (see N. and Q., IV. xi. 276). Pleasant to see how backward men are at first to bid ; and yet when the candle is going out how they bawl, and dispute afterwards who bid the most first. And here I observed one man cunninger than the rest that was sure to bid the last man, and to carry it ; and inquiring the reason, he told me that just as the flame goes out the smoke descends, which is a thing I never observed before, and by that he do know the instant when to bid last. Pepys, Sept. 3, 1662 (see also Nov. 6, 1660). On a sudden it turns exchange, or a ware- house for all sorts of commodities, where fools are drawn in by inch of candle, as we betray and catch larks with a glass. Cha- racter of a Coffee-house, 1673 (Harl. Misc., vi. 469). Sell not favours by inch of candle ; there is no depending on bought friendship. Gentleman Instructed, p. 211. I intend to sell my pains by inch of candle ; I'll not venture one single pulse but upon good security and high interest. Ibid, p. 526. CANDLES, a term for the pendulous produce " madidi nasi." The inveterate culprit was a boy of seven, vainly contending against candles at his nose by feeble sniffing. G. Eliot, Amos Barton, ch. ii. CANDLESTICK. Breton seems to mean that some will say he is sworn to the, candlestick because he praises women, though I do not understand the connec- tion. A page was said to be " sworn to the pantofle" (see N.) because he had to carry his master's slippers. Can " sworn to the candlestick " mean ad- dicted to flattery, shedding brightness and light on objects ? Some will say that I am strorne to the candle- stick ; such I wish their noses in the socket. And this I say further, my faith was not yet so much had in question to bee called to the candlesticke ; but if he that say so have been CAND Y CANTALOON brought to the like booke oath, I wish hee had eaten the strings for his labour. Breton, Praise of Vertuous Ladies, p. 57. CANDY, to whiten : generally used of ice, or snow, or sugar. The end of all is to shew that his party were not so much to blame in seeking to cover and protect such an egregious offender as Fitzharris was', and thereby to candy them up to posterity. North, Examen, p. 305. CANE, a telescope. Them not transpiercing, lest our eyes should be As theirs that Heav'n through hollow Canes doe see, Yet see small circuit of the Welkin bright, The Cane's strict compass doth so clasp their Sight. Sylvester, sixth day, first weeke, 545. CANEL COAL. See extracts. L. has it with quotations from Encyclopaedias. He staid some days with Sir Roger Brad- shaw, whose lordship is famous for yielding the Canel (or Candle) coal. It is so termed, as I guess, because the manufacturers in that country use no candle, but work by the light of their coal fires. North, Life of Lord Guil- ford, i. 278. Between Wigan and Bolton is found great Plenty of what they call Canel or Candle Coal, the like of which is not to be seen in Britain, or perhaps in the "World. By putting a lighted Candle to them they are presently in a Flame, and yet hold Fire as long as any Coals whatever, and burn more or less as they are placed in the Grate, flat or edgewise. They are smooth and sleek where the pieces part from one another, and will polish like Ala- baster. A Lady may take them up in a Cambrick Handkerchief, and they will not soil it, tho' they are as black as the deepest Jet. They make many curious Toys of them. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Brit., iii. 248. CANGEANT. N. gives this word with the extract, and explains it " chang- ing " (?) ; but there is no question about it, as Sylvester himself explains it in the margin " changeable." He may have meant it as a French word, chan- geant. The vpper garment of the stately Queen Is rich gold tissu, on a ground of green ; "Where th' artfull shuttle rarely did encheck The canyeant colour of a mallard's neck. Sylvester, The Decay, 107. CANK, to cackle. The canking of some Spanish geese .... threw poor Jerry into the utmost conster- nation. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. IV. ch. iii. CANKER-EAT, to eat as a canker. Those corruptions which Tyme has brought forth to fret and canker-eate the same. Daniel, Hist, of Eny., p. 222. CANNELL, kennel. It was pretty to see how hard the woman did work in the cannells, sweeping of water, but then they would scold for drink, and be as drunk as devils. Pepys, Sept. 6, 1666. CANNIBALIC, pertaining to eaters of human flesh. Tom's evil genius did not lead him into the dens of any of those preparers of cannibalic pastry, who are represented in many standard country legends as doing a lively retail busi- ness in the metropolis ; nor did it mark him out as the prey of ring-droppers, pea and thimble riggers, duffers, touters, or any of those bloodless sharpers, who are perhaps a little better known to the police. Dickens, M. Chuzzlewit, ch. xxxvii. CANNING, power. Why would I not but because I could not ? I mean because my canning is taken away by sin. Bradford, ii. 28. CANT, to toss up or upset. The inn-keeper, who was here this very day, held a corner of the blanket, and canted me toward heaven with notable alacrity. Jarvis's Don Quixote, ii. 140. The best swimmer canted out of a boat capsized must sink ere he can swim. Eeade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxvii. A mischievous black imp canted her over, and souse she went into the river. H. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xx. CANT, a turn over. The waiter . . . returned with a quartern of brandy, which Crowe, snatching eagerly, started into his bread-room at one cant. Smollett, L. Greaves, ch. xvii. CANTAB, a Cambridge man. As for the young Cantabs, they, as was said, had wandered a little over the south border of romantic Spain. Carlyle, Life of -Sterling, Pt. I. ch. xiii. CANTABANK. a common ballad singer : used disparagingly. Cf. MOUNTEBANK, SALTIMBANK. He was no tavern cantabank that made it, But a Squire minstrel of your Highness' court. Taylor, Ph. van Art., Pt. I. iii. 2. CANTABRIZE, to imitate Cambridge. Know also that this university [Dublin] did so Cantabrize, that she imitated her in the successive choice of her Chancellours. Fuller, Ch. Hist., IX. vii. 47. CANTALOON, some species of stuff. Western Goods had their share here also ; and several booths were filled with Serges, Duroys, Druggets, Shalloons, Cantalooiis, CANTANKEROUS (102) CAPE-MERCHANT Devonshire Kersies, &c. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, i. 94. CANTANKEROUS, ill-natured ; cross- grained. See extract, s. v. JOWDER. I hope, Mr. Faulkland, as there are three of us come on purpose for the game, you won't be so cantankerous as to spoil the party by sitting out. Sheridan, The Rivals, v. 3. I never knew such a cantankerous fellow as you are ; you are always fancying I am finding fault with Sheila. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. xv. CANTERBURY RACK, a gentle pace, like that used by Canterbury pilgrims ; hence canter. See s. v. RACK. For his grace at meat, what can I better compare it to than a Canterbury rack, half pace, half gallop. Character of a Fanatic, 1675 (Hurl. Misc., vii. 637). CANTERBURY TALE, an idle story. See first extract ; also s. v. FULL-MOUTH. Canterbury Tales. So Chaucer calleth his Book, being a collection of several Tales pre- tended to be told by Pilgrims in their passage to the Shrine of Saint Thomas in Canter- bury. But since that time Canterbury Tales are parallel to Fabulce Milesiee, which are characterized, nee vera, nee verisimiles. Fuller, Worthies, Canterbui-y (i. 527). What, to come here with a Canterbury tale of a leg and an eye, and Heaven knows what, merely to try the extent of his power over you ! Colman, The Dsuce is in him, ii. 1. CANTICK, a canticle. [He] gave thanks unto God in some fine canticks made in praise of the Divine bounty. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxiii. CANTING HERALDRY. See quotation. Sir Hew Halbert .. . was so unthinking as to deride my family name, as if it had been quasi, Bear-warden ; a most uncivil jest, since it ... seemed to infer that our coat-armour had not been achieved by honourable actions in war, but bestowed by way of paronomasia, or pun, upon our family appellation, a sort of bearing which the French call armoires parlantes, the Latins, arma cantantia, and your English authorities canting heraldry, being indeed a species of emblazoning more befitting canters, gaberlunzies, and such like mendicants, whose gibberish is formed upon playing upon the word, than the noble, hon- ourable, and useful science of heraldry. Scott, Waverley, i. 141. CANTONERS, Swiss, as living in can- tons. Those poor cantoners could not enjoy their own in quiet. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 67. CANTY, cheerful. Then at her door the canty dame Would sit as any linnet gay. Wordsworth, Goody Blake. CANVASSAD, a fencing term (see H.); but in the extract it clearly stands for camisado (q. v. in N.), a sudden assault. To marke the ordering of a court de garde, To note the rules in walking of the rounde, The scintenils, and euery watch and warde, And of the mines, and working vnder grouude: To marke the planting of their ambuscados, And in the night their sodaine canuassados. Breton, Pilgrimage to Paradise, p. 19. CAP. A woman is said to set her cap at a man when she shows an inclina- tion to marry him before she has been asked ; the allusion perhaps is to her de- sire to look her best when the favoured one is present. I know several young ladies who would be very happy in such an opportunity of setting their caps at him. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. III. ch. xi. When Lord Buckram went abroad to finish his education, you all know what dangers he ran, and what numbers of caps were set at him. Thackeray, Book of Snobs, ch. v. CAP, to pay respect to, or to be ob- sequious. The word is common in this sense, but the following is curious, from being applied to the knee : But if a smoothing tongue, a fleering face, A capping knee, with double diligence By close colloging creepe into thy grace. Breton, Mother's Blessing, st. 62. CAP. To fall under the cap = to come into the head. It fell not under every one's cap to give so good advice. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 84. If the reasons of his decree were special, and such as came not under every cap, he cared not to leave the expression of them to the precipitate dispatch of a blundering registrar. Ibid. ii. 32. CAP THE GLOBE, to beat everything, i. e. to be extremely surprising. " Well," I exclaimed, using an expression of the district, " that caps the globe, however." C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxxii. CAPE-MERCHANT, wholesale dealer; one who had vessels of his own which went round the Cape in the way of trade. [I] in this history have fetch'd my wares from the storehouse of that reverend pre- late [Usher], the Cape-merchant of all learn- ing, and here in little remnants deliver them out to petty country chapmen. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. vi. 43. CAPERNAITICAL ( 103 ) CAPTE CAPERNAITICAL, belonging to Caper- naum. Bp. Hall, I suppose, is referring to St. John vi. 52, 59, 60. It is ob- servable that, if the reprint be correct, he does not begin the word with a capital letter. "What an infatuation is upon the Eomish party, that, rather than they will admit of any other than a gross, literal, capernaitical seuse in the words of our Saviour's sacra- mental supper, This is my body, will con- found heaven and earth together. Bp. Hall, Works, v. 521. CAPEB-WITTED, flighty. Surely then, whatsoever any caper-tritted man may ohserve, neither was the king's chastity stained, nor his wisdom lull'd asleep. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 227. CAPILOTADE, a hash. This French word has not been naturalized among us, yet Vanbrugh puts it into the mouth of a valet in the first extract, and of a waiting-woman in the second, as though it were then common. Ah, the traitor! what a capilotade of damnation will there be cooked up for him. The False Friend, iii. 2. "What a capilotade of a story's here ! The necklace lost, and her son Dick, and a for- tune to marry, and she shall dance at the wedding ! The Confederacy, iii. 2. CAPITALISM, possession of capital. The Prince de Montcoutour took his place with great gravity at the Paris board, whither Barnes made frequent flying visits. The sense of capitalism sobered and dignified Paul de Florae. Thackeray, The Neiccomes, ch. xlvi. CAPITALLED, headed. Beauteous as the white column, capitalled with gilding, which rose at her side. C. Bronte, Villette, ch. xx. CAPON, to geld. Had I been discover'd I had been capon'd. Massinger, Renegado, I. i. CAPON. This bird, like the goose, is taken for an emblem of stupidity. Metellus was so shuttle brained that euen in the middes of his tribuneship he left his office in Rome, and sailled to Pompeius into Syria, and by then he had ben with him in a whyle, came flynging home to Rome again as wyse as a capon. UdaFs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 341. CAPON JUSTICE, a corrupt magistrate, as bribed by gifts of capons, &c. Shakespeare perhaps is alluding to the venality as well as the good living of "the justice with fair round belly with fat capon lined" (As You Like It, II. vii.). Judges that judge for reward, and say with shame, " Bring you," such as the country calls 'capon justices. Ward, Sermons, p. 128. They have many things of value to truck for which they always carry about 'em ; as justice for fat capons to be delivered before dinner. Tom Broken, Works, iii. 26. In England, during the reign of Elizabeth, a member of Parliament defined & justice of peace to be " an animal who for half a dozen chickens will dispense with half a dozen penal statutes." Miss Edgeworth, Ennui, ch. viii. CAPON'S FEATHERS. See quotation. Heylin had previously said that Salcot was otherwise called Capon. Salcot of Salisbury, knowing himself ob- noxious to some court displeasures, redeems his peace, arid keeps himself out of such danger, by making long leases of the best of his farms and manors ; known afterwards most commonly by the name of Capon's feathers. Heylin, Reformation, \. 212. CAPRICORN, chamois. The Diets, only give the word as signifying the zodiacal sign. He shew'd two heads and homes of the true capricorne, which animal, he told us, was frequently kill'd among the mountaines. Evelyn, Diary, 1646 (p. 189). CAPRINY, goatish. L. has caprine. This moment I am as grave and formal in my gate as a Spanish Don, or a Reader of a Parish marching in the front of a Funeral ; the next, as frolicksome as a capriny Mon- sieur, leaping and frisking about. Cotton, Scarronides, Preface. CAPS. To pull caps = to quarrel. Behold our lofty duchesses pull caps, And give each other's reputation raps, As freely as the drabs of Drury's school. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 140. CAPTAINESS, a female captain. . . . darest thou counsel me From my dear Captainess to run away ? Sidney, Astrophel and Stella, 88. CAPTATE, to catch, ensnare. Condescending oft below himself in order to captate the love and civil favour of people. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 255. CAPTE, capacity. To some apophthegmes (where Erasmus saied nothing) in case my so doyng might anything helpe the weake and tender capte of the vnlearned reader, I have put addicions. Udal's Erasnms's Apophth. (Translator's Pref., p. vi.). A mery conceipt to those that are of capte to take it Ibid. p. 357. CARANT ( 104) CARKLE CABANT, to run. See extract, s. v. APPLEURANE, where the word is spelt currant. Both extracts are in the Devonshire dialect. If everybody's carantiny about to once each after his own men, nobody '11 find nothing in such a scrimmage as that. C. Kinysley, Westward Ho, ch. xxx. CABBAGE, shreds and clippings of cloth : usually spelt cabbaye. Lupes for the outside of his suite has paide ; But, for his heart, he cannot have it made ; The reason is. his credit can not get The inward carbage for his cloathes as yet. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 324. CARBONATED, reduced to carbon ; burnt. Antiepiscopall Preachers . . being loth to be Carbonated or Crucified Christians, if they can help it. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 580. CARBONED, broiled. Supped with them and Mr. Pierce the purser, and his wife and mine, where we had a calf's head carboned ; but it was raw; we could not eat it. Pepys, Jan. 1, 1660-61. CARBUNCULAR, liable to or productive of carbuncles. He returned more distempered, and fell into a succession of boils, fevers, and St. Anthony's fire ; indeed, I think, into such a carbuncidar state of blood as carried off my brother. Walpole to Mann, iii. 67 (1754). CARCASS, a hollow bomb or vessel filled with combustibles. L. has car- cass-shell. Here also is the House where the Firemen and Engineers prepare their Fire-works, charge Bombs, Carcasses, and Granadoes for the public service. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 135. CARD, a character (slang). Mr. Thomas Potter, whose great aim it was to be considered as a " knowing card," a " fast goer," and so forth, conducted himself in a very different manner. Sketches by Boz (Mftldmj a Niyht of it). " The fact is," said Lavender, with good- natured impatience, " you are the most romantic card I know." Black, Princess of Thule, ch. x. CARDER. This name was applied to some Irish rebels because they cruelly punished their victims by driving a card or hackle into their backs, and dragging it down the spine. See Wilde's Irish Popular Superstitions, p. 79. In i. 4 of the drama quoted, a woman is spoken of as sure not to be- tray a secret, even if she was carded. It's in terror of his life he lives, continu- ally dramiug day and night, and croaking of carders, and thrashers, and oak boys, and white boys, and peep-o'-day boys. Jfiss Edyeworth, Love and Law, ii. 3. This shall a Carder, that a Whiteboy be, Ferocious leaders of atrocious bands. Hood, Irish Schoolmaster. CARDINAL. R. and L. have a quota- tion from Ayliffe, who says they are so called as being the hinges of the Church, but Fuller, agreeing in the derivation from cardo, differs as to the applica- tion. Cardinals are not so called because the hinges on which the Church of Rome doth move, but from Cardo, which siguifieth the end of a tenon put into a mortals, being ac- cordingly fixed and fastened to their respect- ive Churches. Fuller. Worthies, ch. iv. CARDINALIZE, to redden like the hat or stockings of a cardinal. L. has the word as meaning to make a cardinal. The redness of meats being a token that they have not got enough of the fire, whether by boiling, roasting, or otherwise, except shrimps, lobsters, crabs, and cray-fishes, which are cardinalized with boiling. Ur- quhart's Rabdais, Bk. I. ch. xxxix. CARDOPHAGI, thistle-eaters, i. e. don- keys. Kick and abuse him, you who have never brayed ; but bear with him. all honest fellow- cardophayi ; long-eared messmates, recognize a brother donkey! Thackeray, Virginians, ch. xix. CARE, mountain ash. You must know that of old Dart Moor was a forest its valleys filled with alder and hazel, its hill-sides clothed with birch, oak, and ' care' mountain ash. C. Kimisleu, 1849 (Life, i. 173). CAREAWAY, a reckless person. In the extract from Adams there is a pun on carraway. But as yet remayne without eyther forcast or consideration of any thinge that may after- ward turn them to benetite, playe the wan- ton yonkers, and wilfull Careaicayes. Touch- stone of Complexions, p. 99. If worldly troubles come too fast upon a man, he hath a herb called care-atcay. Adams, ii. 466. CARKLE, to crinkle. The blades of grass . . turned their points a little way, and offered their allegiance to wind instead of water. Yet before their carkled edges bent more than a driven saw, down the water came again. lilackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. xix. CARLINGS ( 105 ) CARP-FISH CARLINGS. " Timbers lying fore and aft, along from one beam to another, bearing up the ledges on which the planks of the deck are fastened" (Bailey's Diet.). There are curlings at the sides and scores in the beams in midships. Archteol., xx. 556 (1824). CABLING SUNDAY. See extracts ; though H. gives Palm Sunday as Curl- ing Sunday, but says the dish referred to is sometimes eaten on the previous Sabbath. Passion Sunday was that which intervened between mid Lent and Palm Sunday. It is called to this day, in the north of England, Carting Sunday. Archteol., XT. 356 (1806). Carting Sunday or Carl Sunday. Carlings or Carls are gray peas steeped in water, and fried the next day in butter or fat. . . They are eaten on the second Sunday before Easter, formerly called Carl Sunday. The origin of the custom seems forgotten. Robinson's Whitby Glossary, 1875 (E. D. S.). CARLIP, a species of firearm. The carlip is but short, wauting some inches of a yard in the barrel. The Unhappy Marksman, 1659 (Harl. Misc., iv. 7). CARMOSEL. Bailey gives " Car- mousal, a Turkish merchant-ship." I and six more . . . were sent forth in a galliot to take a Greek Carmosel. Sanders, Voyage to Tripoli, 1587 (Eng. Garner, ii. 20). CARNAGED, bearing the marks of carnage or slaughter. Look yonder to that carnaged plain. Southey, Joan of A re, Bk. ix. CARNATE, in the flesh. In the ex- tract incarnate is used as though the in were privative. I fear nothing . . . that devil carnate or incarnate can fairly do against a virtue so established. Richardson, Cl. Harloice, v. 46. CAROSSE (Fr.), carriage. The number of carosses is incredible that are in this city. Sandys, Travels, p. 259. CARPENTER, to do carpenter's work. He drew, he varnished, he carpentered, he glued. Miss Austen, Persuasion, ch. xi. The Salle des Menus is all new carpentered, bedizened for them. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. IV. ch. iii. Here he took to gardening, planting, fish- ing, carpentering, and various other pursuits of a similar kind. . . . On all such occasions Mr. Grimwig plants, fishes, and carpenters with great ardour. Dickens, Oliver Twist, ch. liii. CARPESE. "The stifning Carpese" is mentioned by Sylvester among " ve- neinous plants" (The Furies, 172). CARPET. When a subject or plan is mooted, it is sometimes said to be brought upon the carpet, i. e. on the table : carpet was formerly used for table-cloth. This is the family relation of these three brothers whose lives are upon the carpet before me. North, Life of Lord Guilford, Preface, p. xv. A word unluckily dropping from one of them introduced a dissertation on the hard- ships suffered by the inferior clergy ; which, after a long duration, concluded with bring- ing the nine volumes of sermons on the carpet. Fielding, Jos. Andrews, Bk. I. ch. xvi. He shifted the discourse in his turn, and (with a more placid air) contrived to bring another subject upon the carpet. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. X. ch. xi. CARPET-BAGGER, a slang term, intro- duced from America, for a man who seeks election in a place with which he has no connection. Other "carpet-baggers" as political knights- errant unconnected with the localities are called, have had unpleasant receptions. Guardian Newspaper, April 7, 1880. CARPET GENTRY, effeminate gentry. "Which [strength and manhood] our strait- buttoned, carpet, and effeminate gentry want- ing, cannot endure to hold out a forenoon or afternoon sitting without a tobacco bait, or a game at bowls. Ward, Sermons, p. 119. CARPETLESS, without a carpet. The well-scoured boards were carpetless. Miss Bronte, I'illette, ch. xli. CARPET-MONGER, a carpet knight. To any other carpet-munr/er or primerose knight of Primero bring I a dedication. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Earl. Misc., vi. 144). CARPET-SWAB, carpet-bag (slang). That sailor-man he said he'd seen that morn- ing on the shore A sou of something 'twas a name I'd never heard before; A little gallows-looking chap dear me ! what could he mean ? AYith a carpet-swab and mucking togs, and a hat turned up with green. Ingoldsly Legends (Misadv. at Margate). CARP-FISH, a punning name for a critic or caviller. But I waigh it not, since the tongue of an adversary cannot detract from verity. If any the like carp-fsh whatsoever chance to nibble at my credite, hee may perchauiu:e swallow down the sharp hook of reproach CARRIAGEABLE ( 106 ) CASE and infamie ere he be aware. Optick Glasse of Humours, p. 10 (1639). CARRIAGEABLE, fit for carriages. The mules would do four or five times as much work if they were set to draw any kind of cart, however rough, on a carriageable road. E. Tylor, Mexico and Mexicans, p. 84 (1861). CARRIAGE-COMPANY, people who keep their carriages ; so in the first quota- tion carriage-lady. No carriage-lady, were it with never such hysterics, but must dismount in the mud roads, in her silk shoes, and walk. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. VII. ch. v. There is no phrase more elegant and to my taste than that iu which people are described as " seeing a great deal of carriage-company." Thackeray, The Newcomes, ch. ix. CARRIAGED, behaved. The mistress of the house a pretty, "well- carriaged woman, and a fine hand she hath. Pepys, June 20, 1662. One that hath not one good feature in her face, and yet is a fine lady, of a fine taille, and very well carriayed, and mighty discreet. Ibid. June 14, 1664. CARRIAGES, behaviour: the plural is peculiar. My carriages also to your father in his distress is a great load to my conscience. Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress, Pt. ii. p. 11. CARRIONERE, stinkard. Fie, quoth my lady, what a stink is here ! When 'twas her breath that was the car- rionere. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 227. CARROTS, red hair. In our village now, thoff Jack Gauge the exciseman has ta'en to his carrots, there's little Dick the farrier swears he'll never for- sake his bob, though all the college 'should appear with their own heads. Sheridan, liivals,\. 1. CARROTY, red : applied to hair. See quotation from Scott, s. v. PEERY. Kitty. This is a strange head of hair of thine, boy ; it is so coarse and so carotty. Lovel. All my brothers and sisters be red in the poll. Townsend, High Life Below Stairs, Act I. Tom is here with a fine carrotty beard, and a velvet jacket cut open at the sleeves, to show that Tom has a shirt. Thackeray, A'eiccomes, ch. xxii. CARRY-CASTLE, an elephant The scaly dragon being else too lowe For th' Elephant, vp a thick tree doth goe, So, closely ambusht almost every day, To watch the Carry-Castle in his way. Sylvester, sixth day, first iceeke, 65. CARRYING, being carried. Cf. BRING- ING, SEARCHING for similar construction. [Wolsey] died at Leicester Abbey, as he was carrying to London, where he was buried. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, i. 29. How Don Quixote set at liberty several unfortunate persons, who were carrying, much against their wills, to a place they did not like. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. I. Bk. III. ch. viii. (heading). The trunks were fastened upon the car- riages, the imperial was carrying out. Miss Edgeworth, Belinda, ch. xxv. CART. To put the cart before the horse = to reverse the proper order. "While she liued she had a school and taughte ; and when she was dedde, she had maisters her self. . . The tale in appar- ence bothe is standyng against all naturall reason, and also setteth the carte before the horses. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 359. CARTED, drawn in a cart to execution ; it was usually applied to those who were flogged at the cart's tail. Nor as in Britain let them curse delay Of law, but borne without a form away, Suspected, tried, condemned, and carted in a day. Crabbe, Tale i. CARTERLY, pertaining to the cart, and so rustic, clownish. Thence sprouteth that obscene appellation of Sarding Sandes, with the draffe of the carterly hoblobs thereabouts. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 150). CARYATID, a female figure dressed in long robes, supporting an entablature. When the Greeks subdued the Carians they introduced these architectural figures, dressed after the Cariatic man- lier, in memory of their triumph. Two great statues, Art, And Science, Caryatids, lifted up A weight of emblem. Tennyson, Princess, iv. CASCADE, to fall in a cascade. In the middle of a large octagon piece of water stands an obelisk of near seventy feet, for a Jet-d'-Eau to cascade from the top of it. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, ii. 218. CASE, suppose ; in case. "What if he staggers ? nay, but case he be Foil'd on his knee ? That very knee will bend to Heav'n, and woo For mercy too. Quarles, Emblems, ii. 14. CASE, a garment. Doubtless [Job] had his wardrobe, his change aud choice of garments. Yet now how doth his humbled soul contemn them, as if he threw away his vesture, saying, I CASEINE CAT have worn thee for pomp, given countenance to a silken case. Adams, i. 57. Finding thirty Philistines, he [Samson] bestowed their corps on the earth, and their cases on their fellow countrymen. Fuller, Pisaah Sight, II. xi. 21. Their shooes waxed not old, but their feet did ; their cases were spared, and persons spilled. /taf. IV. iii. 8. CASEINE. Kingsley more than once uses the expression in the extract = the correct tiling, the cheese, caseine being the basis of cheese. Horn minnow looks like a gudgeon, which is the pure caseine. C. Kinqsley, Letter, May, 1856. CASQUETEL, small casque or helmet. She to her home repair 'd, And with a light and unplumed casquetel She helm'd her head. Southey, Joan of Arc, Bk. ix. CASSAKIN, a little cassock. Inhumane soules, who toucht with bloudy Taint, 111 Shepheards, sheare not, but even flay your fold, To turn the Skin to Cassakins of Gold. Sylvester, St. Leiris, 544. CASSATION, annulling. See N., s. v. casse, which verb is used a few lines lower down in the place whence the first extract is taken. "Who sees not in this overture an utter cassation of that Liturgy which is pretended to be left free.p. Hall, Works, x. 302. The first election for being made in the night, out of due time, and without solemne ceremony, is oppugned by the king's pro- curators: the last was argued by some of the monkes to be ill by reason there was no cassation of the first. Daniel, Hist, of Enq.. p. 112. CASSINO, a game at cards. Lady Middleton proposed a rubber of Cassino. Miss Austen, Sense and Sensibility, ch. xxiii. " Two whist, cassino, or quadrille tables will dispose of four couple." . . " Great cass, little cass, and the spades, Ma'am." Nares, Ihinks I to myself, ii. 132. CASSOCK, now confined to ecclesi- astical dress, but once applied to the dress not only of soldiers, but of women. Who would not thinke it a ridiculous thing to see a lady in her milke-house with a veluet gown, and at a bridall in her cassock of mockado;* Puttenlutm, Art. of Eny. Poesie, Book III. ch. xxiv. Her taff'ta cassock might you see Tucked up above her knee. Greene, p. 302. She wore a chaplet on her head, Her cassock was of scarlet red. Ibid. p. 305. CASSON, cant term for beef. Here's ruffpeck and casson, and all of the best, And scraps of the dainties of gentry cofe's feast. Eroome, Jovial Crew, Act II. CAST, " a second swarm of bees from one hive " (H). Such as hope that Mariners will hold up if Fishermen be destroyed, may as rationally expect plenty of hony and wax, though only old stocks of Bees were kept, without either casts or swarmes. Fuller, Worthies, ch. viii. CAST, to throw the thrashed corn from one side of the barn to the other, so as to cleanse it from dust, &c. Some winnow, some fan, Some cast that can. In casting provide, For seede lay aside. Tusser, Hv.sbandrie, p. 53. CAST, a portion of bread : perhaps applied to the loaves joined together on being taken out of the oven. See H. An elephant in 1630 came hither ambassa- dor from the great Mogul (who could both write and read), and was every day allowed twelve cast of bread, twenty quarts of Canary sack, besides nuts and almonds B. Jonson, Discoveries (Hear-say news). CASTELLAR, pertaining to a castle. It was a curious sample of ancient castellar dungeons, which the good folks the founders took for palaces. Walpole, Letters, iv. 480 (1789). CASTELLET, a little castle. The erection of a castellet at this point would then become desirable. Archteol., xxix. 30 (1841). CASTLE-MONGER, a builder or pro- pi ietor of castles. His subjects, but especially the Bishops (being the greatest castle-monyers in that age), very stubborn, and not easily to be ordered. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. ii. 53. CASURE, cadence. Some of the Catholics, allured with the pleasant casure of the metre, and sweet sound of their rhyme, should go to their assemblies. Calfhill, p. 298. CAT. See quotation. At the edge of the moat opposite the wooden tower, a strong pent-house, which CAT ( 1 08 ) CATCHPOLE-SHIP they called a tit he turned ord Guilford, ii. CONSPIRACY, combination (physical). If she sit still, that is best, for so is the conspiracy of her several graces, held best together to mak^ne perfect figure of beauty. Sidney, Arcadia, Bk. III. p. 382. CONSPIS|ATE, to thicken together. For that which doth conspissate active is. H. More, Infinity of Worlds, st. 14. CONSTABILITY, office of a constable. The King still creates a Constable for the ceremony of the coronation ; but his Con- stability ceases immediately after the cere- mony is over. Misson, Travels in Eng., p. 128. CONSTABLE. To outrun the constable = to get into pecuniary difficulties. Afterwards there was another trick found out to get money, and after they had got it, another Parliament was called to set all right, &c., but now they have so outrun the constable. Selden, Table Talk (Money). " Harkee, my girl, how far have you over- run the constable ? " I told him that the debt amounted to eleven pounds, besides the ex- pence of the writ. Smollett, Roderick Ran- dom, ch. xxiii. Poor man ! at th' election he threw t' other day, All his victuals, and liquor, and money away ; And some people think with such haste he began, That soon he the constable greatly outran. Anstey,New Hath Guide, Letter vii. CONSTITUTIONALITY, adherence to the constitution ; constitutionalism. Rule afterwards with utmost constitution- ality ; doing justice, loving mercy, being shepherd of this indigent people, not shearer merely, aid shepherd's similitude. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. II. ch. iv. CONSULAGE, consulate. At Council we debated the buisinesse of the Consulate of Leghorne. Evelyn, Diary, Nov. 8, 1672. CONSULT, a person consulted ; a doctor. " Has she taken the dose of emetick ? " says the doctor. " Yes," answered the maid, " but it had no effect." " Bon," cries the con- sult, " a happy prognostic." " It cast her into convulsions," continued the maid. " Better yet," says the consult." Gentleman Id- structed, p. 543. CONSULTIVELY, purposely. I f eare it would be a theame displeasant to the grave modesty of the discreet present magistrates, and therefore consultivefy I over- slip it. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 149). CONSULTO, council. I troubled his Highness with a long rela- tion of the consulto we had about His Majesty's taking the oaths. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 144. Scarce any in all the consulto did vote to my Lord Duke's satisfaction. Ibid. i. 169. CONSUMEDLY, excessively. I believe they talk'd of me, for they laugh'd consumedly. Farquhar, Beaux Stra- tagem, III. i. " Have you seen his new carriage ? " says Snarley. " Yes," says Yow, " he's so consum- edly proud of it, that he can't see his old friends while he drives." Thackeray, Shabby Genteel Story, ch. iii. "We might, if we chose, go into a small parlour smelling consumedly of gin and coarse tobacco. Black, Adventures of a Phaeton, ch. xviii. CONSUMELESS, unconsumable ; inde- structible. Look, sister, how the queasy - stomach 'd graves Vomit their dead, and how the purple waves Scald their consunieless bodies. Quarles, Emblems, iii. 14. CONSUMPTUOUS, consumptive. This vitall and natural Balsam of piety once decayed, dried up, or exhausted by un- christian calentures, no wonder if the whole constitution of Religion grow weak, ricketty and consumptuous. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 262. CONTAINMENT. L. has this word as competence ; in the subjoined passage it seems to mean substance, that which was contained in the estate. Twenty pounds a moneth, a vast sum . . . enough to shatter the conteinment of a rich man's estate. Fuller, Ch. Hist., IX. iv. 9. CONTEJIPLANT, meditative ; observant. Contemplant Spirits ! ye that hover o'er With untired gaze the immeasurable fount Ebullient with creative Deity. Coleridge, Religious Musings. CONTEMPT, to contemn ; for which, perhaps, it is a slip of the pen or of the press. I regretted that the Swedes and Danes should so much contempt each other. Southey, Letters, 1822 (iii. 356). CONTEMPTUOUS, despised. The preste to shewe no compassion, the levite to ministre no mercye, and, last of all, the contemptuouse Samaritaue to exercise all L CONTESTATION ( 146 ) CONTJIA- YER VA the offices of pitye. Vocacyon of Johan Bale, 1553 (Harl. Misc., vi. 451). CONTENTATION, usually = content ; but in the extract means contention. It may be a misprint, but N. gives an in- stance of contention being employed, where contentation, i. e. content, seems to be meant. There is no weak contentation between these, and the labour is hard to reconcile them. Adams, i. 454. CONTENTFULNESS, satisfaction. "With great content all the day, as I think I ever passed a day in my life, because of the contentfulness of our errand, and the nobleness of the company, and our manner of going. Pepys, July 24, 1665. CONTENUMENT, continuance. The worst I wish our Euglish Gentry is, that, by God's blessing on their thrift, they may seasonably out-grow the sad impres- sions which our Civil Wars have left in their Estates, in some to the shaking of their con- temunent. Fuller, Worthies, Yorkshire (ii. 523). CONTEXTURE, to weave. Round his mysterious Me there lies, under all these wool-rags, a Garment of Flesh (or of Senses) contextured in the Loom of Heaven. Carlyle, Sartor Kesartus, Bk. I. ch. x. CONTICENT, silent. The servants have left the room, the guests sit conticent. Thackeray, Virginians, ch. li. CONTINENT, applied by Fuller to the inland part of our own island ; in the second quotation it signifies the limit or boundary ; that which contains. The Danes not only assailed the skirts and outsides of the laud, but also made in- rodes many miles into the continent thereof. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. iv. 45. Nor do we forget, though acted out of the continent of England, that cruel murder in the isle of Garnsey. Ibid. VIII. ii. 24. CONTINENT, earth. Stay, Sigismund, forget'st thou I am he That with the cannon shook Vienna wall, And made it dance upon the continent? Marlowe, 2 Tamburlaine, I. i. CONTINUANDO, continuation. He . . makes a very lacquey of Fitzharris, whose plot was to be only a continuando of that which he held forth. North, Examen, p. 233. CONTINUATIONS, one of the numerous euphemisms for trousers. Cf. INDE- SCIUBABLES, INEXPLICABLES, INEXPRES- SIBLES, UNMENTIONABLES. A sleek man ... in drab shorts and con- tinuations, black coat, neck-cloth and gloves. Sketches by oz ( Winglebury Duel). CONTRABANDED, smuggled ; contra- band. Christian shippes . . . are there also searched for concealed Slaues, and goods contrabanded. Sandys, Travels, p. 87. CONTRACONSCIENT, repugnant to con- science. The most reprobate wretch doth commit some contraconscient iniquities, and hath the contradiction of his own soul by the rem- nants of reason left in it. Adams, i. 249. CONTRACTLY, by contraction. The family of D'Alanson, now contractly called Dalison. Hollands Camden, p. 544. CONTRAIR, contrary. So Amram's sacred sonne, in these projects, Made one selfe cause have two contrair effects. Hudson's Judith, ii. 224. CONTRAST. This word is of some- what late introduction (Howell uses the Italian form), and at first it meant a dispute. Modern Diets, do not give this meaning, and indeed the earliest authority for the noun furnished there is from Bp. Law about the middle of the last century. In V index Anglicus, 1644 (Harl. Misc., ii. 41), contrast is reckoned among that " ridiculous mer- chandise" which verbal innovators " seek to sell for current . . and I am deceived if they will not move both your anger and laughter." Daniel, how- ever, had used it in 1617. He married Matilda the daughter of Baldouin, the fift Earl of Flaunders, but not without contrast and trouble. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 26. In open consistory when there was such a contrasto 'twixt the cardinals for a supply from St. Peter, he declar'd that he was well satisfy'd that this war in Germany was no war of religion. Howell, Letters, I. vi. 8. There was tough cauvassiug for voices, and a great contrasto in the conclave 'twixt the Spanish and French faction. Ibid. I. vi. 53. In all these contrasts the Archbishop prevailed, and broke through mutinies and high threats. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 209. CONTRA-YERVA, a species of birth- wort which grows in Jamaica, and is used as an antidote against poison or infection. No Indian is so savage but that he knows the use of his tobacco and coiitra-ycrva. Bp. Hall, Works, viii. 167. CONTRIST ( 147 ) CONVE Y CONTEIST, to sadden. He heard the litanies and the mementos of the priests that carried his wife to be buried, upon which he left the good pur- pose he was in, and was suddenly ravished another way, saying, Lord God, must I again. contrist myself? Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. II. ch. iii. 'Twould be as much as my life was worth to deject and contrist myself with so bad and melancholy an account. Sterne, Irist. Shandy, ii. 198. CONTROL, a ruler. Men formed to be instruments, not con- trols. Burke, Fr. Revolution, p. 34. CONTROVERTISTICAL, controversial. Eudoxus told him in controvertistical de- bates, there was no appeal from reason to the sword. Gentleman Instructed, p. 350. CONTRUTH, to agree in truth; a hybrid word coined by Hall. All the holy doctrines of Divine Scripture do, as that Father said aright, avvaXtfiivtiv, " contruth with " each other. p. Hall, Works, viii. 552. CONTUMACE, seems to be a legal term ; a declaration that a person is contu- macious or in contempt. That no man's name should be expressed in the pulpit, except the fault be notorious and publick, and so declared by an assize, excommunication, contumace, and lawful ad- monition. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians. p. 358. CONTUMACITY, perversity ; contiimacy is more common. A solemn high-stalking man ; with such a fund of indignation in him, or of latent indignation ; of contumacity , irrefragability. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 80. CONTUMAX, contumacious. The more, sir, that ye busy for you to draw him towards you, the more contumax he is made, and the further fro you. Exam, of W. Thorpe (Bale's Select Works, p. 121). She was pronounced to be contumax for defect of appearance. Heylin, Reformation, ii. 64. CONTUSIVE, bruising. Ye Imps of Murder, guard her angel form, Check the rude surge, and chase the hovering storm ; Shield from contusive rocks her timber limbs, And guide the sweet Enthusiast as she swims. Poetry of AntijacoMn, p. 150. CONVEL, to tear or mangle. They ought and must repute, hold, and take all the same things for the most holy, most sure, and most certain and infallible words of God, and such as neither ought or can be altered or convelled by any contrary opinion or authority. Fuller, Ch. Hist., V. iii. 35. CONVENIENCE, a vehicle ; though in this sense it seems always to be joined with leathern. Now I consider thy face, I remember thou didst come up in the leathern conveniency with nae.Centlivre, Bold Stroke for a Wife, Act V. A rascally slave of a chairman takes me upon the north side of my outward man with one of the poles of his leathern conveniency. T. Brown, Works, iii. 117. "What sport would our old Oxford acquaint- ance make at a man packed up in this leathern convenience with a wife and chil- dren. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. XII. ch. xi. CONVENTICAL, conventual, derived from or belonging to a convent. The gardener . . . had mortgaged a month of his conventical wages in a borachio or leathern cask of wine. Sterne, Trist. Shandu. V. 115. CONVENTICLE. The quotation refers to the A nimadversions upon Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle by Thomas Blount of the Inner Temple. The earliest quota- tion that I have found in any Diet, under "conventicle" is from Hall's Chronicle, about, 160 years after Wic- lif's death. The said Animadversions were called in and silenc'd in the beginning of January, by Dr. Mews, the vice-chancellour, because therein, p. 30, 'tis said that the word conven- ticle was first taken up in the time of Wick- liff. A. Wood, Life, Jan. 1671-2. CONVERSABLENESS, readiness to con- verse. The women of the family of Porretta par- ticularly, he says, because of their learning, freedom, and conversableness,h&ve been called, by their enemies, Frenchwomen. Richard- son, Grandison, iii. 251. CONVERSATION, conversazione. Lady Pomfret has a charming conversation once a. week. Walpole, Letters, i. 71 (1740). CONVERSIONER, missioner. The Conversioner (understand Parsons the Jesuite) mainly stickleth for the Apostle Peter to have first preached the gospel here. Fuller, Ch. Hist., I. i. 7. CONVEY, conveyance or transfer. A clown's sonne must be clapt in a velvet pantophle, and a velvet breech ; though the presumptuous asse be drowned in the mer- cer's booke, and make a convey of all his L'2 CONV1VAL ( lands to the usurer. Greene, Quip for an Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 403). CONVIVAL, a guest. The number of the comtiuals at priuate entertainments exceeded not nine, nor were vnder three. Sandys, Travels, p. 78. CONVOLUTE, that which is rolled up, as in a ball. But the lower lip which is drawn inwards with the curve of a marine shell oh, what a convolute of cruelty and revenge is there ! De Quincey, System of the Heavens. CONVULNERATE, to join in wounding. For as thornes did His head convulnerate, So rods all round Him did excoriate. Davies, Holy lioode, p. 13. CONY-GAT, a rabbit-burrow. This weasel-monger, who is no better than a cat in a house, or a ferret in a cony-yat, shall not dissuade your majesty from a gardener, whose art is to make walks plea- sant for princes. Peele, The Gardener's Speech, p. 579. CONYNGRY, a rabbit-warren. There is a conyngry called Milborowe heth granted by the King to John Honteley. Document, circa 1521 (Archaol., xxv. 313). COOKERIES, dainties. His appetite was gone, and cookeries were provided in order to tempt his palate, but all was chip. North, Life of Lord Guilfwd, ii. 205. COOL. This word is sometimes used in speaking of a sum of money : it usually implies that the sum is large. See extract from Smollet, s. v. SHAKE- BAG. Suppose you don't get sixpence costs, and lose your cool hundred by it, still it's a great advantage. Miss Edgeworth, Love and Law, i. 2. " She had wrote out a little coddleshell in her own hand a day or two afore the accident, leaving a cool four thousand to Mr. Matthew Pocket." ... I never discovered from whom Joe derived the conventional temperature of the four thousand pounds, but it appeared to make the sum of money more to him, and he had a manifest relish in insisting on its being cool. Dickens, Great Expectations, ch. Ivii. COOLTH, coolness ; a word formed like Walpole's blueth, gloornth, greenth. In the evening my father and Mrs. Thrale seated themselves out of doors, just before the Blue-room windows, for coolth and chat. Mad. D'Arllay, Diary, ii. 77. COOME, a measure containing four bushels. See L., s. v. comb. His Majesty measured out his accumulated ) COPPERS gifts, not by the bushel or by the coome, but by the barn-full. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 63. COON, shortened form of racoon, and applied to a person : it is an American- ism that has been adopted in England ; a gone coon is one who is in extremity. If you start in any business with an empty pocket, you are a yone coon. Beade, Never too late to mend, ch. xxxvi. COOPERAGE, the place where coopers' work is done. [The Ipswich people have] room for erect- ing their magazines, warehouses, roap-walks, cooperayes, &c., on the easiest terms. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, i. 26. COP, to throw. Then clatter went the earthen plates, " Mind. Judie ! " was the cry ; I could have cop't them at their pates, " Trenchers for me," said I. Bloomfield, The Horkey. COPARCENY, equal partnership. The English exiles . . . had a church granted unto them, yet so as they were to hold the same in co-parcenie with the French Protestants, they oue day, and the English another. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VIII. ii. 43. COPE, now always an ecclesiastical vestment ; but, as Wheatley remarks, not formerly so invariably. Xantippe had pulled awaie her house- baiides cope from his backe, even in the open strete, and his familiar companions gaue hym a by warnyng to auenge soche a naughtie touche or pranke with his tenne commandements. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 27. The side robe or cope of homely and course clothe soche as the beggerie philosophiers, and none els vsen to weare. Ibid. p. 47. COPE, an exchange or bargain. Thomas, maids when they come to see the fair, Count not to make a cope for dearth of hay. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 157. COPE. Gain cope = to attain equality. If I should set the mercies of our land to run along with Israel's, we should yain cope of them, and outrun them. Adams, i. 350. COPPERS. Hot coppers is a slang ex- pression for a mouth parched through excessive drinking. "We were playing Van John in Blake's rooms till three last night, and he gave us devilled bones and mulled port. A fellow can't enjoy his breakfast after that without something to cool his cop2>ers. Huyhes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. iii. COPPIL ( r 49 ) CORNET CorriL. Bailey has " Coppel, Cup- pel, a pot in which goldsmiths melt and fine their metal : also, a sort of crucible used by chymists in purifying gold or silver." In the extract it is a verb = to refine. Both which (as a most noble Knight, Sir K. D., hath it) may be illustrated in some measure by what we find passeth in the cop- pilling of a fixed metall, which, as long as any lead, or drosse, or any allay remains with it, continueth still melting, flowing, and in motion under the muffle. Hoicell, I'arly of Beasts, p. 148. COPWEBLESS, without cobwebs. Prof. Skeat \_Etymol. Diet.] says that "cob- web" is derived "either (1) from W. cob, a spider, and E. web, or (2) a shortened form of alter cop-web, from the M. E. attercop, a spider. Cf. the spelling copwebbe, Golden Boke, c. xvii." Another and later instance of this spelling is subjoined. Amongst the Civil Structures, "Westminster Hall is eminent . . . built with copwelless beams, conceived of Irish wood. Fuller, Worthies, Westminster (ii. 103). Cory, a legal instrument, or the pro- perty held thereby (cf. Macbeth, III. ii, quoted by L., s. v.). I am the lande-lord, Keeper, of thy holds, By copy all thy living lies in me. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 170. What poor man's right, what widow's copy, or what orphan's legacy would have been safe from us? Andrewes, Sermons, v. 27. I finde that Waltham Abbey (for Benedic- tines at the first) had its copie altered by King Henry the Second, and bestowed on Augustinians. Fuller, Ch. Hist., vi. 1. COPY OF COUNTENANCE, a flam or humbug. "Whatsoever he prateth of a rigorous de- monstrative way as being only conclusive, it is but a copy of his countenance. He cannot be ignorant, or if he be, he will find by ex- perience that his glittering principles will fail him in his greatest need, and leave him in the dirt. Bramhall, ii. 367. Now he saw all that scheme dissolved, he returned to his integrity, of which he gave an incontestible proof, by informing "Wild of the measures which had been concerted against him ; in which, he said, he had pre- tended to acquiesce, in order the better to betray them ; but this, as he afterwards con- fessed on his death-bed, i. e. in the cart at Tyburn, was only a copy of his countenance ; for that he was at that time as sincere and hearty in his opposition to "Wild as any of his companions. Fielding, Jonathan Wild, Bk. III. ch. xiv. If this application for my advice is not a copy of your countenance, a mask, if you are obedient, I may yet set you right. Foote, The Author, Act II. GORAN TREE, currant tree. The borders of which grass plots are coran trees. Survey of the Manor of Wimbledon, 1649 (Arch., x. 424). CORDUROY, a thick ribbed cotton stuff. Prof. Skeat (Etymol. Diet. s. v. cord) says that the word is not easily traced, but is said, without evidence, to be a corruption of corde du roi or king's cord. Cf . DUROY. Clad in a tight suit of corduroy, spangled with brass buttons of a very considerable size, he at the first stood at the door as- tounded. Pickicick Papers, ch. xii. CORELESS, weak, without pith. I am gone in years, my Liege, am very old, Careless and sapless, weak, and needs must crave Support of secular force. Taylor, Isaac Comnenus, II. i. CORK SHOES, seem to have been worn by the wealthy or fashionable. See extract s. v. CUT-FINGERED. Strip off my Bride's array, My corke-shoes from my feet, And, gentle mother, be not coy To bring my winding-sheet. Eoxluryhe Ballads, i. 249. CORNALINE, cornelian. For tablet fine About his neck hangs a great cornaline. Sylvester, The Magnificence, 919. CORNELIUS, a cornuto, a cuckold. Who can deride me But I myself ? Ha, that's too much ! I know it, And spight of these tricks am a Cornelius. Shirley, The Gamester, Act V. CORNER-CAP, a square cap. It was my hap in a little field neere unto a church in a countrey towne to overtake a little old man in a gowne, a wide cassock, a night-cap, and a cwner-cap, by his habit seeming to be a Divine. Breton, A Mad World, p. 8. CORNER-MIOHING, skulking or sneak- ing. See quotation s. v. BLOOMSBURY, and H. s. v. mich. Bp. Hall (Works, ix. 260) speaks of some one as " spider- catcher, corner-creeper, C. E., pseudo- catholic Priest." CORNET, to play on the cornet. Here's a whole chorus of Syluans at hand cornetting and tripping th' toe. Chapman, Widdowes Teares, Act III. CORNIFICATION ( 150 ) CORRESPONDENCE CORNIFICATION, formation of horn. The short and straight horns were stunted in their growth ; their natural tendency was to twist like a sheep's horn ; and the habit of cornijication is more likely to have been formed nearer home than in the interior of Africa. Southty, The Doctor, ch. cxxviii. CORNISH, cornice. The hinder part, being something more eminent than the other, is surrounded with ten small pillars adjoyning to the wall, and sustaining the cornish. Sandys, Travels, p. 166. CORNISH DIAMONDS, transparent quartz. See extract s. v. CUT-FINGERED. The Cornish Boy in the last extract is Opie, the artist. Fuller, Worthies (Cornwall Proverbs), quotes " Hengsten Down well ywrought, Is worth London Town dearly bought " and adds, "The Cornish diamonds found therein may be pure and orient . . . the coarsest in this kind are higher, and the purest still the lowest." Not far from hence is Hengeston Hill, which produces a great plenty of Cornish diamonds. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Brit., ii. 5. Speak, Muse, who form'd that matchless The Cornish Boy in tin-mines bred ; "Whose native genius, like his diamonds, shone In secret, till chance gave him to the sun. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 129. CORNISH-HUG, a peculiar lock in wrestling. " It is figuratively applic- able to the deceitful dealing of such who secretly design their overthrow whom they openly embrace." filler, Worthies (Cornish Proverbs). And a prime wrestler as e'er tript, E'er gave the Cornish-hug, or hipt. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 202. His St. Maw's Muse has given the French troops a Cornish hug, and flung them all upon their backs. Character of a Sneaker, 1705 (Harl. Misc., ii. 354). CORNLESS, without corn. He seemed fully alive to the corniest state of the parson's stable. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Ixiv. CORN-RIG, corn-rick. Joe "Washford had himself been found, when the hue-and-cry was up, hid in a corn- rig at no great distance from the scene of slaughter. Ingoldsby Legends (Jarvis's Wig). CORNUTE, a horned person, a cuckold. The Diets, have it as a verb. Shake- speare (Merry Wives, III. v) uses the Italian form comulo. Your best of friends, your dearest Phylocles, Usurps your bed, and makes you a cornute. Machin, Dumb Knight, Act III. CORONAL OATH, coronation oath. L. has the word as an adjective, but only as a term in anatomy. The law and his coronal oath require his undeniable assent to what laws the parlia- ment agree upon. Milton, Eikonoklastes, ch. vi. CORONET, cornet ; this spelling is not infrequent in Civil War Literature. "We found means to steale upon [them] with Vrries party . . . taking two coronets and killing forty or fifty men. Battaile near Newlwry in Berkshire, Sept. 20, 1643, p. 2. CORONIS, in the Greek means some- thing curved, and so the curved line or flourish at the end of a book or chapter, and then for the end generally. The word had a place in Latin, but Racket's precedent has not been followed by English writers. The coronis of this matter is thus ; some bad ones in this family were punish'd strictly, all rebuk'd, not all amended. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 38. CORPS, substance, income. He added ... to the Doctor of the Chair for Law, the corps of a good prebend in the church of Salisbury. Heylin, Life of Laud, p. 130. CORPSLET, corslet. While th' Armorers with hammers hard and great On stithies strong the sturdy steele doth beate, And makes thereof a corpslet or a jacke. Hudson's Judith, i. 369. CORREPT, chiding, abusive. If these corrept and corrupt extasies or extravagancies be not permitted to such fanatick triflers . . . they presently medi- tate the most desperate separations. Gau- den, Tears of the Church, p. 212. CORREPTORY, rebuking. Gauden (Tears of the Church, p. 430) speaks of " the Epistles correptory or consolatory to the Seven Asian Churches." CORRESPONDENCE. The derivation in the extract seems to be meant seriously. I loved familiar letter-writing, as I had more than once told her, above all the species of writing: it was writing from the heart (without the fetters prescribed by method or study) as the very word cor-respondence implied. Richardson, Cl. Harfawe, iv. 291. CORROBORANT ( 151 ) COSTUME CORROBORANT, a support ; more com- mon as an adjective. See another ex- ample from Southey, s. v. SIMPLES. Next to this it imported to comfort the stomach, and to cherish the root of man, that is to say, the brain, with its proper corroborants, especially with sweet odours and with music. Southey, The Doctor, ch. 217. CORROBORATIC, strengthener. Get a good warm girdle, and tie round you ; tis an excellent corroboratick to strengthen the loins. T. Broicn, Works, ii. 186. CORRODY. See quotation from Fuller, and s. v. SOLVABLE. There be small corrodies in Cambridge for cooks decayed. Bp. Gardiner (Alp. Parker's Correspondence, p. 20). Nor must we forget the benefit of corrodies, so called a conradendo, from eating together : for the heirs of the foresaid founders (not by courtesie, but composition for their former favours) had a priviledge to send a set num- ber of their poor servants to Abbeys to diet therein. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VI. iv. CORROL, wrinkle ? Spring with the larke, most comely bride, and meet Your eager bridegroome with auspitious feet. The morn's farre spent ; and the immortal! Sunne Corrals his cheeke to see those rites not done. Herrick, He.iperides, p. 231. CORSARY, a pirate. I will not presume to prie into the secrets of the Almighty disposer of all things, whose handmaid Nature is, how farre he lets loose the reins to the ill spirit of the aire, to cause such sudden impressions upon the elements, whereof there are daily wonderfull examples amongst this crue of corsaries. Howell, Do- dona's Grove, p. 83. CORVY, some engine or instrument used in a siege. Here croked Coruies, fleeing bridges tal, Their scathful Scorpions that ruynes the wall. Hudson's Judith, iii. 111. COSMOCRAT, "Prince of this world." You will not think, great Cosmocrat, That I spend my time in fooling. Southey, Devil's Walk. COSMOPOLITE, usually means a citizen of the world, one who is equally at home in all countries. Adams, how- ever, always uses it of a worldling. He has a sermon (ii. 123) on the rich fool, entitled The Cosmopolite, or World's Favourite. The vanity of carnal joys, the variety of vanities, are as bitter to us as pleasant to the cosmopolite or worldling. Adams, i. 229. COSMOPOLITISM, citizenship of the world ; the condition or attitude of a person who feels no special ties to one place or circle more than another. Indulgent to human nature in general, and loving it, but not with German cosmopolitism first and best loving her daughter, her family. Miss Edffeworth, Patronage, ch. xiv. COSMORAMA, a view of the world. "A species of picturesque exhibitions. It consists of eight or ten coloured drawings laid horizontally round a semi-circular table, and reflected by mirrors placed diagonally opposite to them. The spectator views them through convex lenses placed immedi- ately in front of each mirror. The exhibition takes place by lamp-light only" (Imp. Diet.). The temples, and saloons, and cosmoramas, and fountains glittered and sparkled before our eyes. Sketches by Boz ( Vauxhatt by day}. COSSET, to nurse or coddle ; in use in Sussex. Spenser has cosset for a pat- lamb. Breton (Fantastickes, April) uses the word adjectivally ; " the cosset lamb is learned to butt." It is also used for a pet of any sort, or (dispar- agingly) = a minion. See extract s. v. TANTANY. In the beginning of the late King's dayes, Episcopacy and the state of the Church was even pampered and cosetted by so excessive a favour and propensity as made it seem his chief favourite. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 375. I have been cosseting this little beast up, in the hopes you'd accept it as a present. H. Kinysley, G. Hamlyn, ch. xxvi. COSTELET (Fr.), cutlet. At night he desired the company of some known and ingenious friends to join in a costelet and a sallad at Chattelin's. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 91. It had a fire-place and grate, with which he could make a soup, broil costeletts, or roast an egg. Ibid. ii. 270. COSTER-BOY, a boy selling costards, fruit, vegetables, &c., in the streets. The girl found for them the man they wanted . . . laying down the law to a group of coster-boys, for want of better audience. C. Kinysley, Tico Years Ago, ch. xxiv. COSTUME, to dress. They are all costumed in black. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xvii. COSTUOUS ( 152 ) COUNTER-CURSE. COSTUOUS, costly. Nor in costuous pearls in their copes, per- rours, and chasubles, when they be in their prelately pompous sacrifices. Hale, Select Works, p. 5~26. COTEMPORAN, a contemporary. I am not out of hopes that, when times will bear it, some of the cotemporans, faithful historians (at present not unprepar'd for it), will suffer their labours to come forth. North, Examen, p. 187. COTEREL. See extract. Here [Sheppey-isle] are several Tumuli in the marshy parts all over the island, some of which the inhabitants call Coterels ; these are supposed to have been cast up in memory of some of the Danish leaders who were buried here. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 153. COTHURN, tragic buskin. How the cothurns trod majestic, Down the deep iambic lines, And the rolling anapaestic Curled like vapour over shrines. Jlfrs. Browning, Wine of Cyp/rus. COTLOFT, cockloft ; garret. These [idle heirs] are the tops of their houses indeed, like cotlofts highest and emptiest. Fuller, Holy State, I. xiv. 2. COTTON, to cocker ; some things are carefully preserved in lavender and cotton. " It is the most infernal shame," said Losely, between his grinded teeth, " that I should be driven to these wretched dens for a lodging, while that man, who ought to feel bound to maintain me, should be rolling in wealth, and cottoned up in a palace : but he shall fork out." Lytton, What icill he do with it ? Bk. vi. ch. v. COUNTABLE, accountable. If we be countable, and we are countable at the day of judgment for every idle word we speak . . . what less than damnation can they expect that . . . blaspheme God and His holy truth ? Sanderson, ii. 49. COUNTENANCE. The phrase in the extract is rather peculiar ; it means that the two armies drawn up opposite each other passed the day in this confront- ation without actually engaging. Both armies furnished with braue men of warre, and circumspect, depart without in- counter . . . and so they passed the day in countenances, and nothing was done. Daniel, Hist.ofEng.,p. 191. COUNTER, to encounter or meet in opposition ; it is also a technical term in pugilism. See last extract. Then Diogenes again countreyng saied, If Aristippus had learned to be contented with rawe herbes, he should not nede to be the Kinges hound. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 46. A lie. Falcons that tyrannize o'er weaker food, Hold peace with their own feathers. Har. But when they counter Upon one quarry, break that league as we do. Allmmazar, V. i. His answer countered every design of the interrogations. North, Examen, p. 246. " Braudy-and-water in the morning ought not to improve the wind," said Tom to him- self, as his left hand countered provokingly, while his right rattled again and again upon Trebooze's watch-chain. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. xiv. COUNTERBAND, contraband. I have not seized any ships of yours ; you carry on no counterland trade. Walpole to Mann, iii. 309 (1759). Plate of all earthly vanities is the most impassable ; it is not counterland in its metallic capacity, but totally so in its per- sonal. Ibid., Letters, iii. 305 (1769). COUNTERBANDED, contraband. If there happen to be found an irreverent expression or a thought too wanton, they are crept into my verses through my inadvert- ency ; if the searchers find any in the cargo, let them be staved or forfeited like counter- banded goods. Dryden, Preface to Fables. COUNTERBANE, antidote ; the refer- ence in the second extract is to the Tree of Life. Th' inchanting Charms of Syren's blandish- ments, Contagious Aire ingendring Pestilence, Infect not those that in their mouthes have ta'en Angelica that happy counter-baen. Sylvester, third day, 721. Strong counter-bane, O sacred plant divine. Ibid., Eden, 228. COUNTERBIAS, to set against. Nor was it so much policy or reason of State, as strength of true Reason, and the prevalencies of true Religion which so counter- biassed that King's judgement against Pres- bytery. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 604. COUNTERBRAVE, boast or challenge against another. Nor thy strength is approv'd with words, good friend, nor can we reach The body, nor make th' enemy yield with these our counter tiraves. Chapman, Iliad, xvi. 580. COUNTER-CURSE, reciprocal cursing. Uncharitable arrogancies have . . . filled and inflamed men's minds with cruell counter-curses and angry Anathemas against COUNTERFORCE ( 153 ) COUPLET each other. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 407. COUNTERFORCE, opposing or counter- balancing power. Men began to see the necessity of an ade- quate counterforce to push against this over- whelming torrent. De Quincey, Roman Meals. COUNTERGUARD, a small rampart to protect a bastion. Furiously playing off his two Cross bat- teries at the same time against the counter- yuard wliioh faced the counterscarp. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, v. 17. COUNTER-JUMPER, a shopman. " Sir, you should know that my cheek is not for you." "Why," said he, stifling his anger, " it seems free enough to every counter- jumper in the town." C. Kinysley, Westward Ho, ch. x. COUNTERLEAGUE, to confederate a- gainst. This king . . . (upon this defection of King Baliol, and his league made with France) counterleayues with all the princes he could draw in, eyther by gifts or allyance, to strengthen his partie abroad. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 163. Wise men thought a peace could not well be concluded between those crowns, without somewhat privately agreed to the prejudice of the Protestant princes or their interests ; but not publicly, lest they should take the alarm and counterleacjue it. North, Examen, p. 21. COUNTERLY, belonging to the counter or prison (?). Ye stale counterly villain ! Preston, K. Camlises (Hawkins, Eng. Dr., i. 305). COUNTERPLEAD, to enter counterpleas. There is a tale that once the Hoast of Birds, And all the Legions of grove - haunting Heards, Before the Earth ambitiously did strive, And counterplead for the Prerogative. Sylvester, The Decay, 261. COUNTER-POLE, opposite pole. This " prandium," this essentially military meal, was taken standing .... Hence the posture in which it was taken at Rome, the very counter-pole to the luxurious posture of dinner. De Quincey, Roman Meals. COUNTERPUFF, opposing breeze. The lofty Pine that's shaken to and fro With Counter-puffs of sundry winds that blow. Sylvester, The Fathers, 246. COUNTERPUSH, to thrust against ; op- pose. On th' other side the Towns-men are not slow With counterplots to counterpush their foe. Sylvester, The Decay, 961. COUNTERPUSH, a thrust against. Neither of them had regard to save himself, so he might wound and mischief his enemy, but were both with a counterpush that quite pierced their targets, run into the sides, and thrust through. Holland, Livy, p. 39. COUNTER-REFER, to refer back inter- changeably. The sincerity of any business may be known by the means used to accomplish it ; for if either be false and perfidious, the other will be so also ; and they counter-refer to each other. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 102. COUNTER-SCARF, counterscarp ; the rhyme shows that it is not a misprint, though it may be the cause of a mis- spelling. See, see, quoth he, these dust-spawn, feeble dwarfs, See their huge castles, walls, and counter- scarfs. Sylvester, Babylon, 179. COUNTER-SEAS, cross-seas. [The Irish Sea] rageth all the yeer long with surging billows and counter-seas, and never is at rest nor navigable, unlesse it be in some few summer daies, Holland's Cam- den, ii. 60. COUNTER-SERVICE, reciprocal service. One cannot use th' ayde of the Powrs below Without some Pact of Counter-services, By Prayers, Perfumes, Homage, and Sacri- fice. Sylvester, The Trophies, 716. CPUNTERSET, to match or parallel. In all thy writings thou hast such a vaine, As but thy selfe thy selfe canst counterset. B. Cox to Davies (Davies, Humour's Heaven, p. 5). COUNTER-TUNE, musical part answering to another, as the tenor with the treble or bass, &c. Sylvester (Columnes, 743) speaks of "the sweet-charming counter-tunes " formed by the humors, seasons, and elements. COUPEE, to cut or bow as in dancing ; also, a subst. Fleers, cringes, nods, and salutations, From lords in debt to purple judges, And coupees low from panper drudges. D'Urfey, Collin's Walk, c. 3. Here's one ne're cares who th' nation's ruling, So daughter be not kept from schooling ; Would lose his freedom like a puppy, Bather than she not learn to coupee. IMd. You shall swear, I'll sigh ; you shall sa ! sa ! and I'll coupee, and if she flies not to my arms like a hawk to its perch, my dancing- master deserves to be damned. Farquhar, Constant Couple, iv. 1. COUPLET, to compose couplets. COURAGEMENT ( 154 ) COUSIN Methinks, quoth Sancho, the thoughts which give way to the making of couplets can not be many. Couplet it as much as your worship pleases, and I will sleep as much as I can. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. II. Bk. IV. ch. xvi. COURAGEMENT, encouragement. This made the Eebell rise in strength and pride, From Sov'raigne's weaknesse taking couraye- ment T" assault their gates. Domes, Microcosmos, p. 62. COURANT. See extract. I my selfe have seene so fine and small a thread, that a whole net knit thereof, to- gether with the cords and strings called Courants, running along the edges to draw it in and let it out, would passe all through the ring of a man's linger. Holland, Pliny, Bk. XIX. ch. i. COURSES, sails. My uncle ordered the studding-sails to be hoisted, and the ship to be cleared for en- gaging, but finding that (to use the seamen's phrase) we were very much wronged by the ship which had us in chace, and which by this time had hoisted French colours, he commanded the studding-sails to be taken in, the courses to be clewed up, the main- topsail to be backed, the tompions to be taken out of the guns, and every man to repair to his quarters. Smollett, Rod. Ran- dom, ch. Ixv. COURSING, disputing in the schools. See L., s. v. courser. 180 bachelors this last Lent, and all things carried on well, but no coursing, which is very bad. A. Wood, Life, Mar. 23, 1678. COURT-ELEMENT, flattery. Cf. N., s.v. court-holy-water. For the rest I refer me to that famous testimony of Jerome . . . whose interpreta- tion we trust shall be received before this intricate stuff tattled here of Timothy and Titus, and I know not whom their successors, far beyond court element, and as far beneath true edification. Milton, Eikonoklastes, ch. xvii. COURTESY. To make courtesy = to raise scruples. When Dionysius at a banket had com- manded that all the companie should ad- dresse themselfes to maske ech man in purple . . . Plato refused to doe it ... but Aristippus made no courtesie at the matter. Vdafs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 69. So said King Alexander very like himselfe to one Paulina, to whom he had geuen a very great gift, which he made curtesy to accept, saying it was too much for such a mean pei-son, What, quoth the King, if it he too much for thyselfe, hast thou ueuer a friend or kinsman that may fare the better by it? Puttenham, English Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xxiv. COURTIERISM, aspect or behaviour of a courtier. Prince Schwartzenberg in particular had a stately aspect . . . beautifully contrasted with the smirking saloon-activity, the perked- up cottrtierism, and pretentious nullity of many here. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 196. COURTLEDGE, an appendage to a house; usually written curtilage: a legal term. At the back, a rambling cmirtledye of barns and walls, around which pigs and bare-foot children grunted in loving communion of dirt. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. xiv. COURT-OF-GUARD, the place where the guard musters. See quotation s. v. canvassado : also the watch itself. Maugre the watch, the round, the court-of- guard, I will attend to abide the coward here. Greene, Orl. Furioso, p. 94. They keepe a court-of-guard nightly ; and almost every minute of the night the watch of one sort giues two or three knoles with a bell, which is answered by the other in order. Sandys, Travels, p. 233. COURT-WATER, flattery: usually court- holy-water, q. v. in N. Cf . COURT-ELE- MENT. He is after the nature of a barber, and first trims the head of his master's humour, and then sprinkles it with court-water. Adams, i. 503. COUSIN. To have no cousin = to have no equal ; to be cousin = to be like. See quotation, from Chaucer's Prologue in R. Of the same Pirrhus he saied at an other time that if he had had the feacte to hold and kepe an empire, as well as he could achiue and winne it, he had had no cousin. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth.. p. 248. The same author (p. 292) says of Augustus Caesar, who would only have his deeds re- corded by good and grave writers, that he was " in deede in this behalf cousin to Alex- ander," of whom a similar trait had been previously related. Lo heer are pardons half a dosen, For ghostely riches they have no conen. Heyirood, Four Ps (Dodsley, O. PI. i. 101). COUSIN. My dirty cousin, or my cousin the tveaver, is a contemptuous CO USIN BETTY (155) CO W-HIDE address, usually preceded by " rnarry come up." Miss. Come, here's t' ye to stop your mouth. Nev. I'd rather you would stop it with a kiss. Miss. A kiss ! marry come up, my dirty cousin. Swift, Polite Conv. (Conv. ii.). Marry come up ! I assure you, my dirty cousin, thof his skin be so white, and to be sure it is the most whitest that ever was seen, I am a Christian as well as he. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. IV. ch. xiv. COUSIN BETTY, a half-witted person. I dunnot think there's a man living or dead for that matter as can say Foster's wronged him of a penny, or gave short measure to a child or a Cousin Betty. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xiv. COUSINRY, kindred. The family was of the rank of substantial gentry, and duly connected with such in the counties round for three generations back. Of the numerous and now mostly forgettable cousinry we specify farbher only the Mashams of Otes in Essex. Carlyle, Cromwell, i. 21. COUSINS. To call cousins = to claim relationship. He is half-brother to this "Witword by a former wife, who was sister to my lady "Wishfort, my wife's mother ; if you marry Millamaut, you must call cousins too. Con- greve, Way of the World, i. 5. Over the great drawing-room chimney is the coat armour of the first Leonard, Lord Dacre, with all his alliances. Mr. Chute was transported, and called cousin with ten thou- sand quarterings. Walpole, Letters, i. 262 (1752). My new cottage ... is to have nothing Gothic about it, nor pretend to call cousins with the mansion-house. Ibid. iii. 48 (1765). Unluckily Sir Ingoldsby left no issue, or we might now be calling cousins with (ci- devant) Mrs. Otway Cave, in whose favour the abeyance of the old barony of Bray has recently been determined by the Crown. Inyoldsby Legends (Ingoldsby Penance). COVENTRY. One with whom others refuse to associate is said to be sent to Coventry. Two explanations are given in N. and Q., I. vi. 318, 589. (1) That formerly in Coventry the citizens would not mingle with the military stationed there. (2) That in 1642, when Charles I. was marching from Birmingham to Shrewsbury, the Parliamentary party seized on all suspected persons that they met with in those parts and sent them to Coventry. Though he frequently in the course of the evening repeated, " I depend upon your promise, I build upon a conference, I sent his dependance and his building to Coventry by not seeming to hear him." Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, iii. 434. Lord Etherington would find him, bodily indeed at St. Ronan's, but so far as society was concerned, on the road towards the ancient city of Coventry Scott, St. Ronan's Well, i. 201. COVER, to lay the table, or prepare a banquet. These scholars know more skill in axioms, How to use quips and sleights of sophistry, Than for to cover courtly for a King. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 169. COVER-SHAME, savin, as producing abortion. Those dangerous plants called cover-shame, alias savin, and other anti-conceptive weeds and poisons. Eeply to Ladies and Batchelors Petition (Harl. Misc., iv. 440). COVERSLUT, a covering worn to con- ceal dirt or untidiness. L. marks it rare, and gives quotation from Burke. Those women that can purchase plads need not bestow much upon other clothes, these cover-sluts being sufficient. Modern Account of Scotland, 1670 (Harl. Misc., vi. 139). COVIN-TREE. In a note to the sub- joined extract Scott says, " The large tree in front of a Scottish castle was sometimes called so. It is difficult to trace the derivation ; but at that dis- tance from the castle the laird received guests of rank, and thither he conveyed them on their departure." May it not be connected with convenio, as being the place of meeting ? I love not the castle when the covin-tree bears such acorns as I see yonder. Scott, Quentin Durward, i. 38. COW-BABE, a coward. Peace, lowing cow-babe, lubberly hobberde- hoy. Davies of Hereford, Scourge of Folly, Epiy. 212. COW-DAB, same as COWSHED, q. v. Let but a cow-dab show its grass-green face, They're up without so much as saying grace, And lo ! the busy flock around it pitches. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 141. COWHEARTED, cowardly. A thousand devils seize the cuckoldy cow- hearted mongrel. Urquhart's Eabelais, Bk. IY. ch. xix. The Lady Powis, not prevailing with him to go again to the Earl of Shaftsbury, patted him with her fan, and called him a coichearted fellow. North, Examen, p. 258. COW-HIDE, a whip ; also to thrash. CO W-ITCH ( And what might be their aim ? To rescue Afric's sable sons from fetters, To save their bodies from the burning shame Of branding with hot letters ; Their shoulders from the cole-hide's bloody strokes, Their necks from iron yokes ? Hood, A Blade Job. He got his skin well beaten coic-hided, as we may say by Charles XII. the rough Swede, clad mostly in leather. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 356. COW-ITCH, cowage (see L. s. v. and Grey's note in loc.J ; a sort of kidney- bean belonging to E. Indies, the pod of which is covered with down of an irri- tating nature when applied to the skin. With coic-itch meazle like a leper, And choak with fumes of Guiney-pepper ; Make lechers and their punks with dewtry Commit phantastical advowtry. Hudibras, III. i. 319. COWMEAT, fodder ; pasture ; horse- meat is a common expression. Som cuntries lack plowmeat, And som doe want cotcmeat. Tusser, p. 102. COWSHED, cow-dung. Queen. O dismall newes ! what, is my soue- raigne blind ? Lemot. Blind as a beetle, madam, that a while houering aloft, at last in coicsheds fall. Chapman, Humerous dayes mirth, p. 96. COWSLIPED, covered with cowslips. Cf. PEIMROSED. Rich with sweets, the western gale Sweeps along the coirslip'd dale. Southey, Wat Tyler, Act I. COW'S THUMB. What need I bring more topicks for illus- tration, since you see 'tis as plain as a co-id's thumb? T. Brown, Works, i. 40. Want you old cloaks, plain shoes, or formal gravity? You may fit yourself to a cow's thumb among the Spaniards. Ibid. iii. 26. COW-THISTLE. " ' The seeds of the great Cow-thistle dryed and made in powder' are recommended as a cattle medicine in Mascal's Government of Cattel (1662). We do not know what plant is intended ; it is perhaps a mis- print for Sow-thistle" (Britten and Hollands Eny. Plant Names, E. D. S-). It is not, however, a misprint, as the word occurs also in the following extract of the date 1605. You should have a wife that . . would . . bridle it in her countenance like a mare that were knapping on a coic-thistle. Breton, I pray you be not anyry, p. 6. 6 ) COZZE COWTHER, to cower. Plantus in his Rudens bringeth in fishermen coicthriny and quaking. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 180). COXCOMB, a species of silver lace frayed out at the edges. It was as necessary to trim his light grey frock with a silver edging of coo-comb, that he might not appear worse than his fellows. Johnston, Chrysal, ch. xi. COY, a decoy. See N. s. v., who seems to regard it as very rare. They must couragiously accuse themselves in their examination, that they may be more forcible witnesses against the Bishop ; but shall be as so many coy-duks to cry a little in the ears of the world, until the great mallard be catch 't in the coy. Hacket, Life of Wil- liams, ii. 133. COY-DUCK, decoy-duck. See quot- ation s. v. COY. No man ever lost by keeping a coy-duck. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 43. His main scope is to show that Grotius tinder a pretence of reconciling the Protestant Churches with the Roman Church, hath acted the part of a coy-duck, willingly or unwillingly, to lead the Protestants into Popery. Bramhall, iii. 504. COYTINGE, throwing (?), perhaps in some peculiar way. If they be true dise, what shyfte wil they make to set ye one of them with slyding, with cogging, with foysting, with coytinge, as they call it. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 54. COZE or COSE, to be snug. He is in no temper to meet his fellow- creatures even to see the comfortable gleam through the windows, as the sailors cose round the fire with wife and child. C. Kinysley, Tico Years Ago, ch. iii. COZE, a snug conversation. Miss Crawford . . . proposed their going np into her room, where they might have a comfortable coze. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. xxvi. COZLING, a little cousin. For money had stuck to the race through life, (As it did to the bushel when cash so rife Posed Ali Baba's brother's wife), And down to the cousins and cozlint/s, The fortunate brood of the Kilmanseggs, As if they had come out of golden eggs, Were all as wealthy as " Goslings." Hood, Miss Kilmansegg. COZZE, a fish. The cod and cozze that greedy are to bite. Dennys, Secrets of Angling (Eng. Garner, \. 166). CRAB ( 157 ) CRADLE-TOMBED CRAB. To catch a crab = to fall backwards by missing a stroke in row- ing; to this of course the rower is more liable in rough weather. In the ex- tract the fisherman puns on the two sorts of crabcatching. Harold. Fellow, dost thou catch crabs ? Fisherman. As few as I may in a wind, and less than I would in a calm. Tennyson, Harold, ii. 1. CRABBISH, cross ; sour. Sloth . . regards not the whips of the most crabbish Satyristes. Decker, Seven Deadly Sins, ch. iv. CRAB-FACED, sour-looking. Such crabfaced, cankerd, carlish chuffs, Within whose hateful! brestes Such malice hides, such rancour broyles, Such endles enuy rests, Esteame them not. A . Neuyll, Verses prefixed to Gooye's Eyloys. CRABSIDLE, to go sideways like a crab. Some backwards like lobsters, and others crabsidling along, and all toiling with a waste of exertion. Southey, Letters (1800), i. 105. CRABSNOWTED, same as CRAB-FACED, q. v. But as for those crabsnoicted bestes, Those ragyng feends of hell, "Whose vile, malicious, hatefull mindes With boyling rancour swell. A. Neuyll, Verses prefixed to Googe's Eglogs. CRACK, to break into a house ; thieves' cant. See quotation s. v. CRIB. If any enterprising burglar had taken it into his head to crack that particular crib known as the Bridge Hotel, and got clean off with the swag, he might have retired on the hard-earned fruits of a well-spent life into happier lands. H. Kinysley, Ravenshoe, ch. xxxvii. CRACK, a lie. Miss JV". There's something generous in my cousin's manner. He falls out before faces to be forgiven in private. Tony. That's a damned confounded crack. Goldsmith, She stoops to conquer, Act II. CRACKHALTER, a rogue : applied to a mischievous boy. Shakespeare (Taming of Shrew, V. i.) has crack-hemp. You crackhalter, if I catch you by the ears, I'll make you answer directly. Gascoiyne, Supposes, i. 4. Plutarch with a caueat keepeth them out, not so much as admitting the litle crackhalter that carieth his maister's pantouffles to set f oote within those doores. Gossan, Schoole of Abuse, p. 30. CRACKHEADED, crazy. I believe, in my conscience, she likes our crackheaded old doctor as well as e'er a young gentleman in Christendom. Mad. D'Arblay, Camilla, Bk. V. ch. iii. CRACKLESS, whole ; without flaw. Then sith good name's (like glasse) as frail as clear, All care should keep it cracklesse in thy Dear. Dairies, 'Sir T. Overbury's Wife, p. 6. CRACKROPE, a rogue, fit to be hung. Cf . CRACKHALTER. Away, you crackropes, are you fighting at the court gate? Edwards, Damon and Pitheas (Dodsley, O. PI., i. 270). Robin Goodfellow is this same cogging, pettifogging, crackropes, calves'-skins com- panion. Wily Beyuiled (Hawkins, Ena. Dr., iii. 307). CRACKSMAN, a burglar. Some mortals disdain the calm blessings of rest, Your cracksman, for instance, thinks night- time the best. Ingoldsby Let/ends (S. Aloys). Whom can I play with ? whom can I herd with? Cracksmen and pick-pockets. Lytton, Wliat will he do with it? Bk. VII. ch. v. I have heard him a hundred times if I have heard him once, say to regular cracks- men in our front office, You know where I live ; now, no bolt is ever drawn there ; why don't you do a stroke of business with me ? Dickens, Great Expectations, ch. xxv. CRADLE. Tusser Redivivus defines this " A three-forked instrument of wood on which the corn is caught as it falls from the sithe." Tusser reckons among " Husbandlie Furniture" A brush sithe and grass sithe, with rifle to stand, A cradle for barlie, with rubstone and sand. Husbandrie, p. 37. CRADLEHOOD, infancy. A chronographical latine table, which they have hanging up in their Guildhall of all their transmutations from their cradlehoode infringeth this a little. Nashe, Lenten Stvffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 151). CRADLE-PRACTICE, an easy cure, such as the speaker could effect when he began his career. The cure of the gout a toy, without boast be it said, my cradle-practice. Massinyer, Emp. of East, iv. 4. CRADLE-TOMBED, still-born, or dead in infancy. CRADLE-WALK ( 158 ) CRAVAT One in the feeble birth becomming old, Is cradle-toomb'd. Sylvester, Babylon, p. 511. CRADLE-WALK, a walk over which the trees meet in ail arch, like the top of a cradle. The cradle-walk of hornebeame in the garden is, for the perplexed turning of the trees, very observable. Evelyn, Diary, June 9, 1662. The garden is just as Sir John Germain brought it from Holland ; pyramidal yews, treillages, and square cradle-walks with win- dows clipped in them. Walpole, Letters, ii. 451 (1763). CRAGGUE, seems to be used in extract for a lean scraggy person. Anaxiinenes the rhetorician had a panche as fatte and great as he was able to lugge away withall, to whome Diogenes came, and spake in this mauer, I pray you geue to vs lene crayyues some bealy to. Udal's Eras- mus's Apophth., p. 147. CRAMBE, cabbage. Calfhill and Gau- den seem to use this word as an English one the reference of course is to the crambe repetita of Juvenal, vii. 154. I marvel that you, so fine a feeder, will fall to your crambe. Calfhill, p. 320. No repeated Crambes of Christ's discipline, of Elders and Elderships ... no engine was capable to buoy up Presbytery. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 17. CRAMOISY, crimson (Fr. cramoisi). A blustering, dissipated human figure with a kind of blackguard quality air, in cramoisy velvet or other uncertain texture. Carlyle, Past and Present, Bk. II. ch. i. He gathered for her some velvety cra- moisy roses that were above her reach. Mrs. Gaskell, North and South, ch. iii. CRAMPON (Fr.), an iron hook. Man with his crampons and harping-irons can draw ashore the great Leviathan. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 7. CRAMP - STONE . Cramp - rings were formerly consecrated on Good Friday, and supposed to be efficacious in cramp. See N., s. v. CRAMP-RING. Ric. I have the cramp all over me. llil. What do you think Were best to apply to it ? A cramp-stone, as I take it, Were very useful. Massinyer, The Picture, v. 1. CRANE'S-BILL. See quotation. Is there any blue half so pure, and deep, and tender, as that of the large crane's-bill, th Geranium pratense of the botanists? Llack, Adventures of a Phaeton, ch. xx. CRANK, applied to a ship which from overloading cannot keep a steady course. See quotation from Cook's Voyages in K. In the subjoined it is applied meta- phorically to a drunken man. I have heard as how you came by your lame foot by having your upper decks over- stowed with liquor, whereby you became crank, and rolled, d'ye see, in such a manner that by a pitch of the ship your starboard heel was jammed in one of the scuppers. Smollett, Peregrine Pickle, ch. ii. CRANKY, cross. I would like some better sort of welcome in the evening than what a cranky old brute of a hut-keeper can give me. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xxvii. CRANOK, or CORNOOK is the same as the coomb, or half a quarter. In the same yeere [1318] corne and other victuals were exceeding deere. A cranok of wheate was sold for three-and-twenty shil- lings, and wine for eight denires. Holland's Camden, ii. 175. GRANTS, crown or chaplet (German, Krantz). The word occurs in Hamlet, V. i. ; though in some editions "rites" has been substituted. L. says, " This word, which never became English, seems to have been used by Shake- speare on the strength of his having learned that rose-crown is the trans- lation of the name of one of his charac- ters, jRosencrantz." But if 1603 be the date of Hamlet the extract shows that the word had been used eleven years before. See also Jamieson, s. v. crance. The filthy queane wears a craunce, and is a Frenchwoman forsooth. Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 419). CRAPE, to crisp, or friz : from the French creper. The hour advanced on the Wednesdays and Saturdays is for curling and craping the hair, which it now requires twice a week. Mad. D'Arblay, I>iary, iii. 29. CRATES. He descends as low as his beard and asketh . . . whether he will have his crates cut low like a juniper bush, or his suberches taken away with a rasor? Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 406). CRAVAT, to wear a cravat. I redoubled my attention to my dress ; I coated and cravatted. Lytton, Pelham, ch. xxxiii. So nicely dressed, so nicely curled, so booted and gloved and cravated, he was charming indeed. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. CRAVAT-STRING ( 159 ) CREEP-MOUSE CRAVAT-STRINQ, the ends of the cravat were of a great length, and came down over the chest. Brown refers to it several times as a prominent part in a beau's dress. Come, Dick, says I (to a brother of the orange and cravat-string) d me, let us to the play. T. Brown, Works, ii. 314. The ruffling pantaloon declares the flame, And the well-ty'd cravat- string wins the fame Ibid. iv. 223. CRAVEN. To cry craven = to give in ; to fail. "When all humane means cry craven, then that wound made by the hand of God is cured by the hand of His Vicegerent. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. vi. 33. CRAWL, to growl : so growl q. v. = crawl. My guts they yawle, crawle, and all my belly rumbleth. Gammer Gurton's Needle, II. i. CRAW-THUMPER, a beater of the breast ; a name given to Romanists from their doing so at confession. With purer eyes the British vulgar sees, We are no craw-thumpers, no devotees. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 138. CRAYSE. H. says the crow's-foot ; but it is distinguished from this in the extract : it probably = buttercup. See Eng. Plant Names (E. D. .). The little larke-foot shee'd not passe Nor yet the flowers of three-leaved grasse, With milkmaids Hunney-suckle's phrase, The crow's-foot, nor the yellow crayse. Roxb. Ballads, i. 340. CRAZYOLOGIST, a contemptuous cor- ruption of craniologist. Cf. FOTIU- TARIAN, FOOLOSOPHER. The feeling of local attachment was pos- sessed by Daniel Dove in the highest degree. Spurzheim, and the crazyologists would have found out a bump on his head for its local habitation. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xxxiv. CREAM, to pour in cream. He sugared, and creamed, and drank, and thought, and spoke not. Miss Edgeworth, Helen, ch. xxxvi. CREASE, a Malayan dagger. And on the tables every clime and age Tumbled together, celts and calumets The cursed Malayan crease, and battle-clubs From the isles of palm. Tennyson, The Princets, Prologue. CREASY, creased, as when the skin is wrinkled up. From her lifted hand Dangled a length of ribbon and a ring To tempt the babe, who reared his creasy arms, Caught at and ever miss'd it, and they laugh 'd. Tennyson, Enoch Arden. CREATURE, drink. In the first ex- tract Mrs. Day finds her puritanical servant, who had been drinking with an Irish footman, intoxicated ; in the last extract it means food generally. The Irish call whisky "the creature." Oh fie upon't! who would have believ'd that we should have liv'd to have seen Obadiah overcome with the creature? The Committee, Act IV. The confusion of Babel was a parcel of drunkards, who fell out among themselves when they had taken a cup of the creature. T. Brown, Works, i. 32. Come, master, let us go and get something to eat ; you will never be able to hold out as Mr. Whitfield does. He seems to like a bit of the good cretur as well as other folks. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. VII. ch. ii. CREDE. In Bailey's Diet, there is, "To Cree (wheat or barley), to boil it soft." Take rie and crede it as you do wheat for Furmity, and make a cawdle of it. Queen's Closet Opened, p. 159, 1655. CREEK, to form a creek or creeks. The towne is ... fortified by Art and Nature. . . . The salt water so creeketh about it, that it almost iusulateth it Holland's Camden, p. 451. CREEPERS, " small low irons in a grate between the andirons " (Halli- well). The extract is said to be the answer given by a curate to Archbishop Laud, who asked him what he thought of the Bishops. I can no better compare you than with the huge brass andirons that stand in great men's chimneys, and us poor ministers to the low creepers ; you are they that carry it out in a vaiu-glorious show ; but we, the poor curates, undergo and bear the burthen. Rome for Canterbury, 1641 (Harl. Misc., iv. 379). CREEPIE, a stool. Methinks some of ye might find her a creepie to rest her foot. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Iv. The three-legged creepie-siools, that were hired out at a penny an hour to such market- women as came too late to find room on the steps, were unoccupied. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. ii. CREEP-MOUSE, quiet. It will not much signify if nobody hears a word you say, so you may be as creep-mouse CREEPY ( 160 ) CROAKY as you like, but we must have you to look at. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. xv. CREEPY, crawling as with fear. One's whole blood grew curdling and creepy. Browning, The Glove. CRENELET, an embrasure or loop-hole. From [these structures] the besieged de- livered their missiles with far more freedom and variety of range than they could shoot through the oblique but immovable loop- holes of the curtain, or even through the sloping crenelets of the higher towers. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xliii. CRENELLATION, an embrasure. All the professions are so book-lined, book- hemmed, book-choked, that wherever these strong hands of mine stretch towards action, they find themselves met by octavo ramparts flanked with quarto creneUatians. Lytton, The Cartons, Bk. XII. ch. vi. CREPDNDIO (?). Our quadrant crepundios . . spit ergo in the mouth of euerie one they meete. Nashe, Pref. to Greene's Menaphon, p. 8. CRIB, cant term for stomach. Cf. BREAD-BASKET. Here's pannum and lap, and good poplars of Yarrum, To fill up the crib, and to comfort the quarron. JSroome, Jovial Crew, Act II. CRIB, a house (thieves' cant). See quotation s. v. CRACK. There were two young brothers made it up to rob the squire's house down at Gidleigh. They separated in the garden after they cracked the crib, agreeing to meet here in this very place, and share the swag. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. v. CRIMINATIVE, accusatory. The courtiers are often furious and (ac- cording to the doctrines there) criminative against the judges that are not easy, as being morose, ill-bred, and disrespectful. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 200. CRIMP. See extract. H. gives this as a Norfolk word, but in the quotation London is spoken of. The brokers of these coals are called crimps; the vessels they load their ships with at Newcastle, keels. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, ii. 144. CRIMP, to decoy into the army, navy, or other service. To the reverend fathers it seemed that Denis would make an excellent Jesuit, where- fore they set about coaxing and courting, with intent to crimp him. Carl-ale, Misc., iii. 197. CRINIPAROUS, hair-producing. Bears' grease or fat is also in great request, being supposed to have a criniparous or hair- ? reducing quality. Poetry of Antijacobin. lote), p. 83. CRINITAL, having hair : as applied to a star, it refers to a train of light left by it. He the star crinital adoreth. Stanyhurst, JEn., ii. 726. CRIPPLEDOM, state of being a cripple. "What with my crippledom and thy piety, a wheeling of thy poor old dad, we'll bleed the bumpkins. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Iv. CRIPPLY, crippled. Because he's so cripply, he beant to work no more. Mrs. Trollope, Michael Armstrong, ch. iii. CRISP, a fine lace or lawn : in the extractsilver = (Isuppose)embroidered with silver. Vpon her head a siluer crisp she pind Loose wauing on her shoulders with the wind. Hudson, Jiidith, iv. 51. CRITICASTER, a contemptuous word for critic. Cf. POETASTER. See also quotation s. v. CRITICKIN. That people which is a God in intellect and in heart, compared with the criticasters that try to misguide it with their shallow guesses and cant. Reade, Never too late to mend, ch. xxvii. The rancorous and reptile crew of poet- icules who decompose into criticasters. Swinburne, Under the Microscope, p. 36. CRITICISM, minute point. Was it because he stood on this punctilio or criticisme of credit, that he might not hereafter be charged with cruelty for exe- cuting his wife, that first he would be divorced from her? Fuller, Ch. Hist., V. iv. 25. CRITICKIN, small critic. Mr. Critickin, for as there is a diminutive for cat, so should there be for critic, I defy you. Southey, TJie Doctor, ch. Ixxii. Many are the attempts which have been made, and are making in America too as well as in Great Britain, by critics, critickins, and criticasters (for these are of all degrees), to take from me the lynotum, and force upon me the Magnificum in its stead. Ibid. lu- terchapter xix. CROAKY, hoarse. His voice was croaky and shrill, with a tone of shrewish obstinacy in it, and perhaps of sarcasm withal. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, Pt. II. ch. iv. CROCHET ( 161 } CROPPIE CROCHET, apparently a vestment ; misprint for rochet (?) : linea vestis in original. Erasmus is speaking of the garb of popes, cardinals, and bishops. Their upper crochet of white linen is to signify their unspotted purity and innocence. Kennel's Erasmus's Praise of Folly, p. 126. CROCK, to dirty ; also, as a substan- tive, dirt. In the quotation from Miss Bronte crock seems to be used = a pot covered with dirt : thus combining the two meanings of the word given in L., s. v. Do you think, ma'am, that I was very fond of such dirt beneath my feet, as I couldn't condescend to touch with kitchen tongs with- out blacking and crocking myself by the con- tact ? Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby, ch. xlii. Here I stand talking to mere mooncalfs with Uncle Pumblechook waiting, and the mare catching cold at the door, and the boy grimed with crock and dirt from the hair of his head to the sole of his foot. Ibid., Great Expectations, ch. vii. A shocking ugly old creature, Miss ; almost as black as a crock. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xviii. CROCKETED, ornamented as with crockets. I had been long by the waterside at this lower end of the valley, plaiting a little crown of woodbine crocketed with sprigs of heath. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. xxi. CROCKETS, knobs on a stag's head. You will carry the horns back to London, and you will have them put up, and you will discourse to your friends of the span and the pearls, of the antlers and the crockets. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. xxv. CROCK-SAW, a long-toothed iron plate like a saw, which hangs at the back of the fire-place to carry the pots and crocks ; this can be held by when the fire is low. Master Huckaback stood up, without much aid from the crock-saw, and looked at mother and all of us. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. xiv. CROFT, a corruption of carafe (Fr.), a glass bottle for water. The Bishop crowned his glass, quoting Pindar in praise of the virtues of cold water with a jovial air, and pushed the croft to the Vicar. Savage, R. Medlicott, Bk. III. ch. xiii CROFTER, the holder of a croft or small piece of ground. Now there is no more tacksmen to be the masters of the small crofters, and the crofters they would think they were landlords them- selves if there were no dues for them to pay. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. iv. CROISEE, a crusader ; one marked with the cross. When the English croisees went into the East in the first Crusade, A.D. 1096, they found St. George ... a great warrior-saint amongst the Christians of those parts. Archaol., v. 19 (1779). CROME, hook or pincer. What shall I speak of the other blessed martyrs whereof some were . . . rent a pieces with hot burning iron cromes. Becon, ii. 150. CROMMELL, cromlech ; a monument formed by two large upright stones with a third placed transversely on the top. Up sprang the rude gods of the North, and the resuscitated Druidism passing from its earliest templeless belief into the later corruptions of crommell and idol. Lytton, Caxtons, Bk. IV. ch. ii. CROODLE, to cuddle. " There," said Lucia, as she clung croodling to him, " there is a pretty character of you, sir." C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. x. CROON, to murmur softly. Any other woman would have been melted to marrow at hearing such stanzas crooned in her praise. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxiv. Along the lonely highway this was the devil's dirge he had been crooning to himself. Black, Adventures of a Phaeton, ch. xxiv. CROP. See quotation. Who was Crop the Conjuror, famous in trivial speech, as Merlin in romantic lore, or Doctor Faustus in the school of German extravagance? Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxxv. CROP-DOUBLET, a short doublet. Hospitality went out of fashion with crop- doublets and cod pieces. Love trill find out the way, I. i. GROPE, crept. The Diets, give no later example of this form than from Chaucer and Gower. Another witness crope out against the Lord Stafford. North, Examen, p. 217. The Captain was just crope out of Newgate, and, as was observed, began his fire at a distance. Ibid. p. 273. CROPPER, a heavy fall ; a tumble neck and crop. This is the man that charged up to my as- sistance when I was dismounted among the guns, and kept by me, while I caught another horse. What a cropper I went down, didn't I ? H. Kingsley, Bavenshoe, ch. Ivii. CROPPIE. Irish rebel. Wearing the hair short and without powder was, at this time, considered a mark of M CROPSHIN ( 162 ) CROUP French principles. Hair so worn was called a " crop." Hence Lord Melbourne's phrase, "crop imitating wig" [Poetry of Anti-jaco- bin, p. 411. This is the origin of " croppies " as applied to the Irish rebels of 1789. Letters of Sir G. C. Lewis, p. 410. CROPSHIN. See extract. There was a herring, or there was not, for it was but a cropshin (one of the refuse sort of herrings). Nashe, Lenten Stujfe (Harl. Misc., vi. 176). CROSS. To be on the cross = to be a thief. See quotation s. v. CLY- FAKING. The young woman is Bess, and perhaps she may be on the cross, and I don't go to say that what with flimping and with cly-faking, and such like, she mayn't be wanted some day .... Flimping is a style of theft which I have never practised, and consequently of which I know nothing. Cly-faking is stealing pocket-handkerchiefs. H. Kinysley, Ravens- hoe, ch. lx. CROSS AS TWO STICKS, extremely cross. "We got out of bed back'ards, I think, for we're as cross as tico sticks. Dickens, Martin C'huzzlemt, ch. xxix. When her chamber-door was closed, she scolded her maid, and was as cross as tico tticks. Thackeray, The Netccomes, ch. xxxiii. CROSS-BARS, bars sinister, the heraldic mark of illegitimacy. Few are in love with Cross-bars, and to be brother to a by-blow is to be a bastard once removed. Gentleman Instructed, p. 11. CROSSBARS, misfortunes. " Hence grew my crossbars " is Stanyhurst's version (Jgn., ii. 108) of " Hinc mihi prima mali lobes" CROSSBITINQ, cheat. I grant that affronts, tergiversations, cross- bitinys, personal reflections, and such like, might make the King and the Duke angry with him. North, Examen, p. 55. CROSS-BUTTOCKS, blows across the back or loins. Many cross-buttocks did I sustain, and pegs on the stomach without number. Smollett, Roderick Random, ch. xxvii. CROSS-INVITE, to return an invitation. His lordship chose to be so far rude as not to cross-invite, rather than bear the like con- sequences of such another intercourse of his own designing. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 142. CBOSSISH, rather cross. Jane, who sometimes used to be a little mmt/i,and Cicely too, wept sadly. Richard- son, Pamela, i. 128. CROSS-JINGLING, antithetical. See quotation from Milton s. v. AFRICANISM. CROSS-PATCH, a peevish person. Cf. PATCHY. Cross-patch, draw the latch, Sit by the fire and spin. Old Nursery Rhyme. Thou's fitter to be about mother than me ; I'm but a cross-patch at best, an' now it's like as if I was no good to nobody. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xxvi. CROSS-POINT, a step in dancing. Nay but, my friends, one hornpipe further, a refluence back, and two doubles forward : what, not one cross-point against Sundays ? Greene, James IV., IV. iii. CROSS-WEEK, Rogation-week. The editor of Pilkington says because the invention of the Cross occurred at that time (May 3), but it is only occasion- ally that that festival occurs in Rogation week. Might it not be so called from the Cross being carried about the parish in the Rogation processions ? From whence came all the gang-days to be fasted in the cross-week? Pilkinyton, p. 556. The parson, vicar, or curate, and church- wardens . . shall in the days of the rogations commonly called Cross-week or Gang-days walk the accustomed bounds of every parish Grindal, p. 141. CROTCHETEER, a man who has whims or crotchets. In every large constituency there are bands of crotcheteers, and a candidate who cares to attach these crotcheteers to him by lavish promises will generally find his account, at any rate for the time being, in so doing. London, Dec. 21, 1878, p. 580. CROTELLS, the ordure of a hare. N. has crott for ordure generally, with a quotation from Howell. The speaker in the extract is supposed to be a man who has been turned into an otter. The fewmets of a deer, the lesses of a fox, the crotells of a hare, the dung of a horse, and the spraints that I use to void backward, are nothing so foetid [as the excrement of man]. Hmcell, Parly of lieasts, p. 8. CROUP, to croak. Then as in time of spring the water is warme, And crouping frogs like fishes there doth swarme ; But with the smallest stone that you can cast To stirre the streame, their crouping stayes as fast. Hudson's Judith, III. 48. CROUP CRUP CROUP, a gambling term (see quota- tion). The superintendent of the play at a gambling table is called a croupier. I have a game in my baud, in which if you'll croup me, that is, help me to play it, you shall go five hundred to nothing. Gibber, Provoked Husband, II. i. CBOWDER, a fiddler. This word is in the Diets. : but Fuller's jocular deriva- tion may be noticed. There is a company of pretenders to Musick, who are commonly called Croicdfrs, and that justly too, because they croicd into the company of gentlemen both uuseut for and unwelcome. Fuller, Worthies, ch. x. CROWDES, an underground vault. Within the Church, Saint Wilfride's Needle was in our grandfathers' remembrance very famous : a narrow hole was this, in the Croicdes or close vaulted roome under the ground. Holland's Camden, p. 700. CROWN. The poem which follows the extract is in ainsebean stanzas of ten lines, each stanza beginning with the last line of the preceding one. Stephen again began this dizain, which was answered unto him in that kind of verse which is called the Crown. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 217. CRQWNED, high-crowned. A poor decrepit old woman, however, in her crowned hat, .... was terribly battered and burnt. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. III. ch. xx. CROW-TREE. I like Thornfield, its antiquity, its retire- ment, its old crow-trees and thorn-trees. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xv. CROW-TRODDEN, having crow's feet or wrinkles under the eyes, and so, aged. Breton prays to be delivered. From a stale peece of flesh that is twice sodden, And from a bloud-raw roasted peece of beefe, And from a crauen hen that is croic-trodden. Pasquil's Precession, p. 9. CRUCIADA, the Spanish cruzada, which meant both a crusade, and a papal bull giving privileges to those who joined therein. It bears the latter sense in the extract. The Pope's Cruciada drew thousands of soldiers to adventure into the Holy War. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 196. CRUCIATORY, torturing. These cruciatory passions do operat some- times with such a violence that they drive him to despair. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 7. CRUCIFIXION, torture. Say, have ye sense, or do ye prove What crucifixions are in love r Herrick, Hesperides, p. 169. CRUCIFY, to pillory. So Bruin fared, But tugg*d and pull'd on th' other side, Like scriv'ner newly crucify 1 d. Hudibras, I. iii. 152. Is't possible that you whose ears Are of the tribe of Issachar's, And might (with equal reason) either For merit or extent of leather, With William Pryn's before they were Retrench'd and crucify'd compare. Ibid., Letter to Sidrophel, 14. CRUD, curdle. Barbarous nations who lived of milke, .... had the feat of cruddiny it to a pleasant tartnesse and to fat butyr. Holland's Cam- den, p. 601. CHUG, the commons of bread at Christ's Hospital. He had his tea and hot rolls in a morning, while we were battening upon our quarter of a penny loaf our crug moistened with attenuated small beer in wooden piggins, smacking of the pitched leather jack it was poured from. Lamb, Essays (Christ's Hospital). CRUMP, a deformed or crooked per- son. It was more used as an adjective, and the diminutive crumpled is still common, though not applied to the body. That piece of deformity ! that monster ! that crump! Vanbrugh, JEsop, Act II. If I stand to hear this crump preach a little longer, I shall be fool enough perhaps to be bubbled out of my livelihood. Ibid., Act III. CRUMPLER, cravat, from the creases in which it is folded. If I see a boy make to do about the fit of his crurnpler, and the creasing of his breeches, and desire to be shod for comeliness rather than for use, I cannot 'scape the mark that God took thought to make a girl of him. Elackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. iii. CRUNCH, to crush. A crunching of wheels and a splashing tramp of horse-hoofs became audible on the wet gravel. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xviii. CRUP, abbreviated form of crupper ; from stress of rhyme. Alarum'd thus from sleep I rouse, And got a-strid the ridge of house, Deeming it politick and proper T'avoid the scandal of Eves-dropper ; M 2 CR UP-SHOULDERED ( 164 ) CULPABLE And listening sate where I got up, Till I had almost gauled my crup. Cotton, Scarronides, p. 37. CRUP-SHOULDERED. Hee hath almost no hayre on his head, and he hath lost one of his eares ; hee goes crup shouldered, and sits downe by leisure. Breton, Miseries of Mavillia, p. 49. CRUSADO, a Portugese coin ; those referred to by Pepys were received in payment of Queen Catherine's dowry. Spoke to my Lord about exchange of the crusados iuto sterling money. Pepys, June 2, 1662. CROTCH-BACK, a crooked back. jEsope, for all his crutch-lack, had a quick wit. Nine Worthies of London, 1592 (Harl. Misc., viii. 437). CRYING-OUT, confinement. The verb is more common (Hen. VIII., V. i. ; Pepys, July 12, 1668, &c.). Aunt Nell who, by the way, was at the crying-out, and was then so frighted, so thankful to God, and so happy in her own situation (no, not for the world would she be other than she was), now grudges the nurses half their cares. Richardson, Grandison, vi. 323. CUCK, to cuckoo. Clucking of moorfowls, cucking of cuckoos, bumbling of bees. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. III. ch. xiii. CUCK, to duck on the cucking-stool. What think you of Alee that sells butter ? Her neighbour's head clothes she off pluck't, And she scolded from dinner to supper, Oh such a scold would be cuckt. Roxburgh Ballads, i. 54. CUDDY, a lout ; it is one of the nick- names of the donkey. It cost more tricks and troubles by half, Than it takes to exhibit a six-legged calf To a boothful of country Cuddies. Hood, Miss Kilmansegg. CUE-BALL, piebald ; skewbald. A gentleman on a cue - ball horse was coming slowly down the hill. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. xxxix. CUFF, an old fellow or miser. Gi. You must know I boarded with An- tronius. Ja. What with that rich old cuff? Gi. Yes, with that sordid hunks. Bailey's Erasmus Colloq., p. 371. Zounds ! they are just here ; ten to one the old ewjf may not stay with her; I'll pop into this closet. Colman, Polly Honeycombe, Scene III. CUIT, a kind of sweet wine. See H. Infused also it is many waies, and after- wards either preserved in cuit, or incorporab with houy. Holland, Pliny, xix. 5. CULE, fundament. Then foloweth my lord on his mule, Trapped with gold under her cule, In every point most curiously. Roy and Barlow, Rede me and be nott wrothe, p. 56. CULL, a fool ; cully is the more usual form. The old put wanted to make a parson of me, but d n me, thinks I to myself, I'll nick you there, olrl cull ; the devil a smack of yonr nonsense shall you ever get iuto me. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. VII. ch. xii. I will show you the way to empty the pocket of a queer cull, without any danger of the nubbing cheat. Ibid. Bk. VIII. ch. xii. I never had a better run of company in my life than to enquire iuto that affair ; and they all of the right sort your secret, grave, old rich culls, just fit to do business with. Johnston, Chrysal, ii. 17. CULM EN, height or acme (Latin). He had the advantage of the common tend- ency of things to change, which from a cul- men at the Restoration went continually de- clining towards the Vale of bitterness to the Crown, sedition, and rebellion. North, Ex- amen, p. 118. The copying these shameless and barbarous practices of that age is the culmen of the his- torian's art and invention. Ibid. p. 145. CULOTTIC, having breeches, and so belonging to the more respectable classes as opposed to the Sansculottes. See quotation s. v. HABILATORY. Young Patriotism, Culottic and Sansculot- tic, rushes forward emulous. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. VI. ch. iii. Let the guilty tremble therefore, and the suspect, and the rich, and in a word all manner of Culottic men. Ibid. Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. ii. CULOTTISM, the opposite of SANSCU- LOTTISM, q. v.; the rule or influence of the more respectable classes ; literally, breechedness or inexpressibleness. Sansculottism, anarchy of the Jean-Jacques Evangel, having now got deep enough, is to perish in a new singular system of Culottism and arrangement. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VII. ch. i. He who in these epochs of our Europe founds on garnitures, formulas, culottisms of what sort soever, is founding on old cloth and sheepskin, and cannot endure. Ibid. ch. vi. CULPABLE, a culprit. One thing more is to be remembered which CULT CURABLE was talked in coffee-houses concerning his lordship ; but by those only who were the culpaUes. North. Life of Lord Gv.il ford, II. 246. CULT, worship. Yet how distinguish what our will may wisely save in its completeness, from the heaping of cat-mummies and the expensive cult of enshrined putrefactions? G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xxxii. CULTCH. See extract; "they" = people of Colchester. The Spat cleaves to Stones, old Oyster- shells, pieces of wood, and such-like things at the bottom of the sea which they call Cultch. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Brit., i. 9. CULVERTAGE, forfeiture of vassal's land to the lord. When the King of France was about to invade England King John summoned ' All earles, barons, knights, and who else could bear armes of any condition, to bee ready at Douer presently upon Easter, furn- ished with horse, armour, and all military prouision . . . vnder paine of Culuertage and perpetuall servitude. Daniel, Hist, of Enq., p. 116. CUMFORY, a plant ; bellis perennis. To restore and well flesh them, they com- monly gave them hog's flesh, with oil, butter, and honey ; and a decoction of Cumfory to bouze. Sir T. Brown, Tract V. CUM- TWANG, a term of abuse or re- proach, apparently = miser. See quot- ation at large s. v. HUDDLE-DUDDLE. Gray-beard huddle-duddles and crusty cum-twangs. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 147). GUN, to give directions. Cf. CON ; and see H. s. v. cund. I must confess you did not steer, but how- sornever you cunned all the way, and so, as you could not see how the land lay, being blind of your larboard eye, we were fast ashore before you knew anything of the mat- ter. Smollett, Peregrine Pickle, ch. ii. CUNICULAR, pertaining to the cradle, childish. They might have observed, even in his cunicular days, in this Lodowick Muggleton, an obstinate, dissentious, andopposive spirit. Account of Lodowick Muyyleton, 1676 (Harl. Misc., i. 610). CUNNY-BERRY, rabbit-hole. Swearing . . . that the walls should not keep the coward from him, but he would fetch him out of his Cunny-berry . Sidney, Arcadia, p. 277. CUP, to drink. The verb occurs in Ant. and Cleop., II. vii.=to supply with drink, and N. gives the past participle cupped, intoxicated, with extract from Taylor. To cup usually means to draw blood by means of a cupping-glass, as in the second extract. The former is not more thirsty after his cupping than the latter is hungry after his devouring. Adams, i. 484. The pleurisy ... is helped much by cupping : I do not mean drinking. Ibid. i. 487. CUPBOARD. To cry cupboard = to be hungry. Footman. Madam, dinner's upon the table. Col. Faith I'm glad of it ; my belly began to cry cupboard. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). CUPIDITY, is now almost confined to the sense of avarice, but in the sub- joined it means that love over which Cupid is supposed to preside. Love, as it is called by boys and girls, shall ever be the subject of my ridicule. Does it not lead us girls into all manner of absurd- ities, inconveniences, undutifulness, dis- grace ? Villainous cupidity ! it does. Richardson, Grandison, vi. 105. She calls her idle flame love a cupidity which only was a something she knew not what to make of. Ibid. vi. 179. CUP-MOSS, Lecanora Tartarea. t Crowd close, little snipes, among the cup- moss and wolf's-foot, for he who stalks past you over the midnight moor, meditates a foul and treacherous murder in his heart. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. vi. CUPPING-HOUSE, a tavern. How many of these madmen ramble about this city ! that lavish out their short times in this confused distribution of playing, dicing, drinking, feasting, beasting ; a cupping-house, a vaulting-house, a gaming-house, share their means, lives, souls. Adams, i. 277. CUPRITE, libation. Juppiter almighty, whom men Maurusian, eating On the tabils varnisht, with cuprits magni- fye dulye. Stanyhurst, jn., iv. 214. CUP-SHOTTEN, drunken. This is no part of that sober wisdom which St. Paul commendeth to you, but of that cup-shotten wisdom which he there condemn- eth. Andrewes, v. 15. The spring-tide of their mirth so drowned their souls that the Turks coming in upon them cut every one of their throats, to the number of twenty thousand ; and quickly they were stabbed with the sword that were cup-shot before. Fuller, Holy War, Bk. III. ch. xvi. CURABLE, curative ; not, as now, capable of being cured. CURACY ( 1 66 ) CURTEL The owlets hoot, the owlets curr, And Johnny's lips they burr, burr, burr, As on he goes beneath the moon. Wordsworth, The Idiot Boy, CURRICLE, to drive as in a curricle. Who is this that comes curricliny through the level yellow sunlight, like one of respect- ability keeping his gig? Carlyle, Misc.. iv. 98. CURRIER, a candle ; same as quarter, q. v. in N. Lights were used in catch- ing birds. The Currier and the lime-rod are the death of the fowle, and the faulcon's bels ring the death of the mallard. Breton, Fantastickts (January). CURTAINLESS, without curtains. I rose up on my curtainless bed, trembling and quivering. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxxii. CURTALIZE, to curtail or crop. He spake much of his own abilities . . . and therefore how unworthy it was to curtalize his eares, generally given out by the Bishop's servants as the punishment intended unto him. Fuller, Ch. Hist, XI. ii. 64. CURTANA, a sword without an edge, borne before our Sovereigns at their coronation, typifying mercy. It is said to have belonged to Edward the Con- fessor. Homage denied, to censures you proceed ; But when Curtana will not do the deed, You lay that pointless clergy-weapon by, And to the laws, your sword of justice, fly. Dryden, Hind and Panther, ii. 419. CURTED, curt, laconic. Bee your words made (good 'Sir) of Indian ware, That you allow mee them by so small rate : Or do you curled Spartans imitate, Or do you mean my tender ears to spare ? Sidney, Astrophel and Stella, 92. CURTEL. " Double curtel, a musical instrument that plays the bass " (Bailey). Brown used the word in another place. See extract s. v. OUT- GRUNT. In the first extract it seems = a measure (of liquor). The poore prisoners complaine how cruel they [gaolers] be to them : extorting with extraordinary fees, selling a duble curtail, as they call it, with a duble juge of beere for 2 pence, which contains not above a pint and a halfe. Greene, Quip for an Upstart Courtier, 1592 (Harl. Misc., v. 409). I knew him by his hoarse voice, which sounded like the lowest note of a double cmirtel. T. Brown, Works, ii. 182. Nicephorus and the Tripartite History re- port of a miraculous fouutaine by the high- way side, where Christ would have departed from the two disciples : who, when Hee was conversant upon earth, and wearied with a long journey, there washed His feet ; the water from thenceforth retaining a curable vertue against all diseases. Sandys, Trauels, Bk. III. p. 174. CURACY, guardianship. Perhaps the republican party concluded such issue must come to the Crown young, and then they had a game de integro by way of curacy and protectorship. North, Examen, p. 260. CURATESS, a female curate, or curate's wife. A very lowly curate I might perhaps essay to rule ; but a curatess would be sure to get the better of me. Trollope, Barchester Towers, ch. xxi. CURB, to swindle or rob in some way. N. gives an instance of the word = to cringe ; it may refer therefore to those who for the purposes of fraud attack their victims with flattery and compli- ment. Though you can foyst, nip, prig, lift, curbe, and use the black art, yet you cannot cross- bite without the helpe of a woman. Greene, Theeves falling out, 1615 (Harl. Misc., viii. 389). CURELESS, unrestrained. That beck itself was then a torrent, turbid and curbless. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. ix. CURDLE, curd, coagulation. There is a kind of down or curdle on his wit, which is like a gentlewoman's train, more than needs. Adams, i. 501. CURIOUS, to work curiously or elabor- ately. For tablet fine About his neck hangs a great cornaline, Where some rare artist curiousing upon't Hath deeply cut Time's triple-formed front. Sylvester, Magnijicence, p. 920. CURMUDGEL, a form of curmudgeon, adopted apparently from stress of rhyme. Would one Be so ungrateful a Curmudgel To steal away his Age's Cudgel ? Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 185. CURNING, churning, grinding. Flie where men feele The earning axel-tree ; and those that suffer Beneath the chariot of the snowy beare. Chapman, Bussy D'Ambois, Act V. CURR, an onomatopceous word, to ex- press the noise of owlets. CURTSE Y ( 167 ) CUT AND COME AGAIN CURTSEY. The Editor of Ward ex- plains this as "a short cut," which makes sense, but is there any authority for this use of the word ? The whole shire must be troubled to hear and judge of a curtsey made out of the path, or a blow given upon the shoulder, upon occasion of a wager, or such like bauble-tres- passes which I shame to mention. Ward's Sermons, p. 131. CUBTSIE-CAPPING, low salutations. If they do so admire me in silks, how would they cap me and curtsey me, and worship me, if I were in velvets. H. Smith, Sermons, i. 206. Great Scipio sated with fain'd curtsie-capping, With court eclipses, and the tedious gaping Of golden beggars. Sylvester, third day, first weeke, 1060. CUSHION, the seat of justice. [Chief Justice Hales] became the cushion exceedingly well. North, Life of Lord Guil- ford, i. 114. The Court of Common Pleas had been out- witted by the King's Bench, till his lordship came upon the cushion. Ibid. i. 123. CUSHION, to put aside or suppress ; a metaphor taken from billiards. The apothecary trotted into town, now in full possession of the Vicar's motives for desiring to cushion his son's oratory. Savage, E. Medlicott, Bk. II. ch. x. CUSHION. Queen Mary was often mis- takenly believed by herself and others to be pregnant ; hence Queen Mary ' s Cushion = protuberance, that produces nothing. Some suspected Mary of an attempt to palm off a supposititious child on the nation. Thus his pregnant motives are at last proved nothing but a tympany, or a Queen Mary's cushion. Milton, Eikonoklastes,ch.iii. It is an hyperbole, beyond the conception of humanity, that a King pretending to so much reason, religion, and piety, should praise (or rather mock) God for a child, whilst his Queen had only conceived a pillow, and was brought to bed of & cushion. . . . This was the old contrivance of another Mary- Queen. Letter from the Pope, 1689 (Harl. Misc., i. 370). CUSHIONY, like a cushion. The merchant was a bow-legged character, with a flat and cushiony nose, like the last new strawberry. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, ch. x. CUSTODIAL, the tabernacle in which the Host is reserved. The priest . . . then took the custodial, and showed the patient the Corpus Domini within. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Ixii. CUSTOM, to frequent as a customer ; to deal at. Did we here find you out, custom'd your house, And help'd away your victuals, which had else Lain mouldy on your hands ? Maine, City Match, ii. 5. CUSTOMER, a country customer = a simple fellow, a yokel ; customer is also used in an opposite sense, as meaning sharp or able ; this latter is noticed byL. The country fellow . . . picked a quarrel with the map, because he could not find where his own farm stood. And such a country customer I did meet with once. Heylin, Cosmographie, Preface. CUT, to run ; common as a slang ex- pression, but the subjoined are early instances of its use in this sense. Caligula lying in Fraunce with a greate armie of fighting menne, brought all his force on a sudden to the sea side, as though hee intended to cutte ouer and inuade Eng- land. Gosson, Schoole of Abuse, Ep. Ded. I fear to faint if (at the first) too fast I cut away, and make too hasty haste. Sylvester, first day, first weeke, p. 841. CUT, to ignore an acquaintance. L. has the word with quotation from Disraeli's Young Duke. The subjoined is many years earlier. That he had nit me ever since my mar- riage, I had seen without surprise or resent- ment. Miss Austen, Sense and Sensibility, ch. xliv. CUT, the act of purposely ignoring an acquaintance. We met and gave each other the cut direct that night. Thackeray, Snobs, ch. ii. CUT. To cut the grass from under a person is to disconcert him, to leave him without any plea or stand-point. We usually say ground instead of grass. My lord Clifford, under pretence of making all his interest for his patron my Ld. Arling- ton, cutt the yrasse under his feet, and pro- cur'd it for himself, assuring the king that Lord Arlington did not desire it. Evelyn, Diary, Aug. 18, 1673. CUT AND COME AGAIN, a vulgar ex- pression to signify that there is abund- ance. Col. I vow 'tis a noble sirloyn. Nev. Ay, here's cut and come again, Miss. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). Something of bold and new design Dug from the never-failing mine, CUT- A WA Y ( 168 ) CYULE That's work'd within your fertile brain, Where all is cut and come ayain. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. ch. iv. Cut and come ayain was the order of the evening, as it had been of the day ; and I had no time to ask questions, but help meat and ladle gravy. Blackmore, Lorna Doom, ch. xxix. CUT-AWAY, a coat, the skirts of which are cut away, so that they do not hang down as in a frock-coat : also used as an adjective. He had ... a brown cut-away coat with brass buttons, that fitted tight round a spider waist. Thackeray, Shabby Genteel Story, ch. viii. " The hounds ! " calls out a fifth-form boy, clad in a green cut-away, with brass buttons and cord trousers. Hughes, Tom Brown's Schooldays, Pt. I. ch. vi. CUTE, vulgar abbreviation of acute ; sharp, clever. See extract from Foote, S. V. MlSCHIEFFUL. Truly, Madam, I write and indite but poorly ; I never was kute at my learning. Goldsmith, Good-natured Man, iv. 2. " I believe," continued this candid per- sonage (who had never been in any of the States) " they [Yankees] are the cruellest set on the face of the earth, but then they are the 'cutest (that.is their own word), and they are a precious sight too 'cute to disable the beast that carries the grist to the mill. JKeade, Never too late to mend, ch. xxiii. CUTENESS, the quality indicated by the preceding word. "Who could have thought so innocent a face could cover so much cuteness? Goldsmith, Good-natured Man, II. i. CUT-FINGERED. Cork shoes (q. v.^ were fashionable ; "cut-fingered pumps," whatever these may be, seem to have been the reverse. It may mean pumps the worse for wear, with a gash in them here and there like a cut finger. Tis as good to go in cut-fingered pumps as cork shoes, if one wear Cornish diamonds on his toes. Nashe, 1591 (Eng. Garner, i. 501). CUT-THROATERY, murder. To let my house before my lease be out is eut-throatcry. Wily Beguiled (Ha whin's Ena. Dr., iii. 300). CUTTLE-BONG, a knife used for cutting purses : or, perhaps, a knife carried in the purse or girdle. Boung is a cant term for purse. [He] unsheathed his cuttle-bony, and from the nape of the necke to the taile dismem- bered him. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 172). CUTTY PIPE, a short pipe. I was whiling away my leisure hours with the end of a cutty pipe. Scott, Introduction to Count Robert of Paris. That was the only smoke permitted during the entertainment, George "Warrington him- self not being allowed to use his cutty pipe. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xxiii. CUT UP, grieved. Poor fellow, he seems dreadfully cut up. Hughes, Tom rown at Oxford, ch. xxxii. CUT-WATER, the fore part of a ship's prow. One tree was sold for 43 ; eighteen horses were had to draw one part of it when slit, and out of it the cut-water to the Royal Sovereign was made. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, ii. 196. CYCLOP.EDY, circle of knowledge. If respect be had to the severall arts there professed, Sigeberfc founded schools in the plurall ; but if regard be taken of the cy- clopttdy of the learning resulting from those severall sciences, he erected but one grand school. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. ii. 56. CYMBAL-DOCTORS, teachers givingf orth an empty sound ; the allusion, of course, is to 1 Cor. xiii. 1. These petty glosses and concerts .... are so weak and shallow, and so like the quibbles of a court sermon, that we may safely reckon them either fetched from such a pattern, or that the hand of some household priest foisted them in, lest the world should forget how much he was a disciple of those cymbal- doctors. Milton, Eikonoklastes, ch. viii. CYPHER-TUNNELS. See quotation. Peter-pence . . . was a penny paid for every chimney that smoaked iu England, which in that hospitall age had few smoak- lesse ones; the device of cypher-tunnels, or mock-chimneys merely for uniformity of building, being unknown in those days. Fuller, Ch. Hist., V. iii. 46. CYULE, a sort of boat. Who being embarqu'd in forty cyides or pinnaces, and sailing about the Picts' coasts . Holland's Camden, p. 128. After that came three Sonnes of a Spanish knight with thirtie ciules with them, and in every ciule thirtie wives. Ibid. ii. 66. DAB ( 169 ) DAMAGEMENT DAB, a contemptuous term for a trifle. See extract s. v. PUSHERY. The Count may have procured for her some dirty dab of a negotiation about some acre of territory more for Hanover. Wai- pole to Mann, ii. 53 (1745). Cutting the leaves of a new dab called Anecdotes of Polite Literature, I found my- self abused for defending my father. Ibid., Letters, ii. 337 (1762). DAB, a pinafore. The word is in Peacock's Manley and Corringham Glossary (E. D. ). Beckon with my washerwoman ; making her allow for old shirts, socks, dabbs, and markees, which she bought of me. Hue and Cry after Dr. Swift, p. 9, 2nd ed. 1714. DAB-WASH. See extract. That great room itself was sure to have clothes hanging to dry at the fire, whatever day of the week it was ; some one of the large irregular family having had what was called in the district a dab-trash of a few articles forgotten on the regular day. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. vi. DACHA-SALTEE, a franc or tenpence, from the Italian died soldi. Of. SALTEE (slang). What with my crippledom and thy piety, a wheeling of thy poor old dad, we'll bleed the bumpkins of a dacha-saltee. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Iv. DADDLE, hand (slang). "Werry unexpected pleasure! tip us your doddle. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. 21. DAEMONIC, pertaining to a daemon. He may even show sudden impulses which have a false air of damonic strength, because they seem inexplicable. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xv. D.EMONOCRACY, a rule of dasmons. A demonocracy of unclean spirits Hath governed long these synods of your Church. Taylor, Isaac Comnenus, ii. 3. DJEMONOLOGER, one skilled in dsemon- ology. If the Devil himself, black accuser as he is, could, out of his infernal copia, have sup- plied more livid defamation of a departed prince than this, I am no damonoloyer. North, Examen, p. 652. DAGGER-CHEAP, dirt cheap. The Dagger was a low ordinary in Holborn, referred to by Ben Jonson and others ; the fare was probably cheap and nasty. See my note in N. and Q., V. iii. 395. "We set our wares at a very easy price ; he [the Devil] may buy us even daf/yer-cheap as we say. Andrews, Sermons, v. 546. DAGONALS, orgies in honour of Dagon. A banquet worse than Job's children's, or the Dayonals of the Philistines (like the Bacchanals of the Msenades) when for the shutting up of their stomachs, the house fell down and broke their necks. Adams, i. 160. DAINTIFICATION, dandyism. He seems a mighty delicate gentleman ; looks to be painted, and is all daintijlcation in manner, speech, and dress. Mad. D'Ar- blay, Diary, i. 327. DAINTIFY, to make dainty ; to refine away. My father charges me to give you his kindest love, and not to daintify his affection into respects or compliments. Mad. D'Ar- blay, Diary, i. 414. DAINTIHOOD, nicety ; daintiness. It is no little difficulty to keep pace with her refinement, in order to avoid shocking her by too obvious an inferiority in dainti- hood and ton. Mad. D'Arblay, Diaru, i. 356. DAINTY. To make dainty usually means to scruple, or to be particular (see N.), but here = to feast, or to pre- pare a delicacy. The Arcadians lived on acorns, the Argives On apples . . . and Jacob here made dainty of lentils. Adams, i. 5. DAINTY -CHAPPED, particular as to eating. You dainty -chapped fellow, you ought to be fed with hay, if you had such commons as you deserve. Bailey's Erasmus, p. 42. DAINTY-MOUTH, an epicure. The word Cimbri no more signifieth a thiefe than .... Sybarita a delicate dainty- mouth. Holland's Camden, p. 10. DAISY-CUTTER, a trotting horse. The trot is the true pace for a hackney ; and, were we near a town, I should like to try that daisy-cutter of yours upon a piece of level road (barring canter) for a quart of claret at the next inn. Scott, Eob Roy, i. 44. DAMAGEMENT, injury. And the more base and brutish pleasures bee, The more's the paine in their accomplish- ment, And the more vs'd they are excessiuely, The more's the soule and bodie's damaye- ment. Dames, Microcosmos, p. 44. DANCERS ( 170 ) DARING-GLASS DANCERS, stairs (slang or thieves' cant). Come, my Hebe, track the dancers, that is, go up the stairs. Lytton, What will he do with it ? Bk. III. ch. xvi. DANCE UPON NOTHING, an euphemism for hanging. Just as the felon condemned to die, With a very natural loathing, Leaving the Sheriff to dream of ropes, From his gloomy cell in a vision elopes, To caper on sunny greens and slopes, Instead of the dance upon nothing. Hood, Miss Kilmansegy. DANDIFIED, smart, like a dandy. These two were at first more than usually harsh and captious with Clive, whose pros- perity offended them, and whose dandified manners, free-and-easy ways, and evident influence over the younger scholars, gave umbrage to these elderly apprentices. Thackeray, Neiocomes, ch. xviii. DANEWEED, Eryngium campestre. See H. s. v. Danes-blood, and L. s. v. Danewart. Everything hereabouts is attributed to the Danes, because of the neighbouring Daventry, which they suppose to have been built by them. The road hereabouts too being over- grown with Daneweed, they fansy it sprung from the blood of the Danes slain in battle ; and that if upon a certain day in the year you cut it, it bleeds. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Brit., ii. 416. DANGER. To make danger = to hesitate. I was commanded ... to swear that I should truly answer unto such articles and interrogatories as I should be by them ex- amined upon. I made danger of it awhile at first, but afterwards being persuaded by them ... I promised to do as they would have me. Dalaber, 1526 (Maitland on the Reformation, p. 13). DANGERFUL, dangerous. They'll talk like learn'd astronomers, Of living creatures m:ide of stars, As Lion, Scorpion, Bear, and Bull, And other things less dangerful. Ward, England's Reformation, c. ii. p. 172. DANGLEMENT, act of dangling. It was an infaust and sinister augury for Austin Caxton, the very appearance, the very suspension and danylement of any puddings whatsoever right over his ingle-nook, when those puddings were made by the sleek hands of Uncle Jack. Lytton. Caxtons, Bk. VII. ch. i. DAP. H. says, " a hop or turn ; hence the habits of any one. West." The original is. Sola viri molles aditus et tempora noras. His daps and sweetening good moods to the soalye were opued. Stanyhurtt, 2En., iv. 446. DARBIES, handcuffs (slang). In the first extract the reference is to a man involved in difficulties by usurers, &c. They tie the poore soule in such Darbies bands. Greene, Quip for an Upstart Courtier, 1592 (Harl. Misc., v.405). " Stay," cried he, " if he is an old hand, he will twig the officer." " Oh, I'm dark, Sir," was the answer : " he won't know me till I put the darbies on him." Reade, Never too late to mend, ch. i. DARBYSHIRIAN. H. gives darby = ready money, and the passage seems to admit of some such interpretation, but it is obscure. Hall describes himself as asked to a feast, and accepting at once, for if he had shown the least reluctance, his host would have been glad to excuse him. He counsels men therefore to take immediately whatever is offered. But though I suppose this to be the general sense of the passage, I cannot interpret it word by word. I give it as in Mr. Singer's edition, punc- tuation and all, though that can hardly be right ; in the notes it is passed over sicco pede, after the manner of many commentators where the text is really difficult. Two words for money, Darbyshirian icise ; (That's one too many) is a naughty guise. Hall, Sat. III. iii. 11. DARDANIUM, a bracelet. The wealth of the Dardani or Trojans struck the simpler Greeks with wonder ; hence Dardanian became an epithet of gold, and so a golden ornament is called Dardanium. A golden ring that shines upon thy thumb, About thy wrist the rich Dardanium. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 28. DAREDEVIL, a bold, reckless man. L. gives it as substantive and adjective, but has only example of the latter. I deem myself a daredevil in rhymes. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 189. I know a set of exiles over there, Dare-devils, that would eat fire and spit it out At Philip's beard. Tennyson, Queen Mary, III. i. DARING-GLASS. Larks were dared or fascinated in various ways (see N. s. v. dare) ; one mode was by mirrors which, DARKLE DAVY'S SOW I suppose, dazzled and confused them, making it easy to capture them. New notions and expressions . . are many times . . the daring-glasses or decoy es to bring men into the snares of their dangerous or damnable doctrines. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 197. DARKLE, to grow dark. " I am inclined to think, sir," says he, his honest brows darkling as he looked towards me, " that you too are spoiled by this wicked world." Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. Ixvi. The chapel is lighted, and Founder's Tomb with its grotesque carvings, monsters, her- aldries, darkles and shines with the most wonderful shadows and lights. Ibid., ch. Ixxv. DARKLINGS, in the dark ; usually, darkling ; it may be that the word is, in the extract, in apposition with serv- ants and = people in the dark. Thou wouldest fain persuade me to do like some idle wanton servants, who play and talk out their candle-light, and then go dark- lings to bed. Bp. Hall, Works, vii. 344. DARN, a euphemism for damn. " My boy," said another, " was lost in a typhoon in the China sea ; darn they lousy typhoons." H. Kinysley, Ravenshoe, ch. vi. DARTLE, to dart a frequentative form. All that I know Of a certain star Is, it can throw (Like the angled spar) Now a dart of red, Now a dart of blue ; Till my friends have said They would fain see too My star that dartles the red and the blue. Br&wning, My Star. DARTMAN, javelin-thrower. "Without an aim the dartman darts his spear, And chance performs th' eff ect of valour there. Sylvester, The Vocation, 304. DASHER, one who is extravagant, os- tentatious, or fast. She was astonished to find in high life a degree of vulgarity of which her country companions would have been ashamed ; but all such things in high life go under the general term dashing. These young ladies were dashers. Alas ! perhaps foreigners and future generations may not know the mean- in'g of the term. Miss Edgeicorth, Almeria, p. 292. A club Yclept Four-horse is now the rage, And fam'd for whims in equipage. Dashers ! who once a month assemble, Make creditors and coachmen tremble ; And dress'd in colours vastly fine, Drive to some public-house to dine. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour I. c. 18. DASTARDICE, cowardice. I was upbraided with ingratitude, dastard- ice, and all my difficulties with my angel charged upon myself, for want of following my blows. Richardson, Cl. Harlotce, vi. 49. DATARY, chronologer. Die quinto Elphegi. I am not datary enough to understand this. I know Elphegus to be Archbishop of Canterbury, and Martyr, and his day kept the nineteenth of April. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. iv. 8. DAUGHTERLING, little daughter. What am I to do with this daughter or dauyhterling of mine ? She neither grows in wisdom nor in stature. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. xxv. DAUK, Hindustani dak, a post for letters, also a relay of horses or palan- quin bearers. The telegraph is called tar dak or wire post. After the sea voyage there isn't much above 1000 miles to come by dauk. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xliv. DAUKIN, a fool ; diminutive, perhaps, of daw, and coined by Calf hill to rhyme with Maukin. If mother Maukin had been such a daukin as to think every minister to be a minstrel, as you do every mystery to be a sacrament, then Martiall and Maukin, a dolt with a daukin, might marry together. Calf hill, p. 236. DAUNTINGNESSE, fear. Claudius .... foresends Publius Ostorius Scapula, a great warrior, pro-praetor into Brittaine, where he met with many tur- bulencies, and a people hardly to be driuen, howsoeuer they might be led ; yet as one who well knew his mestier, and how the first euents are those which incusse a daungting- nesse or daring, imployed all means to make his expeditions sodaine, and his executions cruell. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 4. DAVY'S sow. David Lloyd, a Welsh- man, had a sow with six legs ; on one occasion he brought some friends and asked them whether they had ever seen a sow like that, not knowing that in his absence his drunken wife had turned out the animal, and gone to lie down in the sty. One of the party observed that it was the drunkest sow he had ever beheld. The proverb in the second quotation is a gratuitous addition of Bailey's ; the original simply has temu- lentus. DAVY JONES ( 172 ) DEAD He came to us as drunk as Davy's soir. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. iii.). When he comes home, after I have been waiting for him till I do not know what time at night, as drunk as David's soic, he does nothing but lie snoring all night long by my side. Bailey's Erasmus, p. 127. DAVY JONES. To go to Davy Jones or his locker is nautical English for to die or perish. It has been ingeniously conjectured that the sea, which is so often the sailor's cemetery, was called Jonah's locker (Jonah ii. 5, 6), that the prophet's name was corrupted into Jones, and Davy prefixed as being a common name in Wales (N. and Q., I. iii. 509). I have a consort off these islands, and be cursed to her. She'll find me out some- where, though she parted company in the bit of a squall, unless she is gone to Davy Jones too. Scott, Pirate, ch. viii. You thought, I suppose, I had gone to Davy's locker. . . I read the account of the shipwreck of the Dauntless. Miss Ferrier, The InJieritance, Vol. III. ch. xix. Even in the appellations given him [the Devil] by familiar or vulgar irreverence, the same pregnant initial prevails, he is the Deuce, and Old Davy, and Davy Jones. Southey, The Doctor, ch. clxxv. DAWBING. See extract. At this period [16th cent.] the ancient process of forming walls by means of in- durated earth was still extensively employed ; in the eastern counties this was called dawb- ing, and the term is still retained in Norfolk and Suffolk. ArcJueol. xxx. 495 (1844). DAWN LIGHT, morning light. The return of the beautiful dairn light, whom the powers of darkness had borne away. Cox, Aryan Mythology, ii. 5. DAY, credit ; a distant day being fixed for payment. Gascoigne reckons it among the signs of the Millennium. When drapers draw no gaines by giuing day. Steele Glas., p. 50. Faith then I'll pray you 'cause he is my neighbour, To take a hundred pound, and give him day. Jonson, Tale of a Tub, iv. 1. If a mean man . . . have something to sell to his necessitous neighbour that must buy upon day ... it is scarce credible, did not every day's experience make proof of it, how such a man will skrew up the poor man that falleth into his hands. Sanderson, ii. 354. DAY-FEVER. The sweating sickness was, I suppose, so called from the short time of its duration : it was mortal in a few hours. Fracastorius also writing how that pestilent day-fever in Britaine, which we commonly call the British or English swet, hapned by occasion of the soile. Holland's Camden, p. 24. DAY-LIGHTS, eyes (slang). Good woman ! I do not use to be so treated. If the lady says such another word to me, d n me, I will darken her day- lights. Fielding, Amelia, Bk. I. ch. x. DAY NET, a net for small birds : another instance from Burton will be found, p. 469. As larks come down to a day net, many vain readers will tarrie and stand gazing like silly passengers, at an an tick picture in a painter's shop, that will not look at a judicious peece. Burton, Democ. to Reader, p. 5. Madam, I would not have you with the lark Play yourself into a day net. Machin, Dumb Knight, Act II. DAYSHINE, daylight. Wherefore waits the madman there Naked in open dayshine ? Tennyson, Gareth and Lynette. DAY'S-MAN, usually an umpire, but here a worker by the day. He is a good day's-man, or journeyman, or tasker, which is an excellent mystery of well- living and redemption of time, a working up our salvation in holiness and righteous- ness all the days of our lif e. Ward, Sermons, p. 105. DAY-TALL, hired for the day ; work- ing by the job. Holla ! you chairman, here's sixpence ; do step into that bookseller's shop, and call me a day-tall critick. Sterne, Trist. Shand., iii. 143. DEACON, minister. In the extract it is used generally, not of the third order of the ministry. They whom God hath set apart to His ministry are by Him endued with an ability of prayer ; because their office is to pray for others, and not to be the lip-working deacons of other men's appointed words. Milton, Apol.for Smectymnuus. DEAD, a dead heat. Mammon well follow'd, Cupid bravely led ; Both touchers ; equal fortune makes a dead ; No reed can measure where the conquest lies ; Take my advice ; compound, and share the prize. Quarles, Emblems, Epig. x. DEAD, in a faint. Sir J. Miunes fell sick at Church, and going DEAD-EYE ( '73 ) DEAR down the gallery stairs, fell down dead, but come to himself again, and is pretty well. Pepys, Sept. 11, 1664. Talking with my brother ... I looking another way, heard him fall down, and turned my head, and he was fallen down all along upon the ground dead, which did put me into a great fright ... he did presently come to himself. Ibid. Feb. 7, 1666-67. I presently fell dead on the floor, and it was with great difficulty I was brought back to life. Fielding, Amelia, Bk. I. ch. ix. We there beheld the most shocking sight in the world, Miss Bath lying dead on the floor Miss Bath was at length re- covered, and placed in her chair. Ibid., Bk. III. ch. ix. DEAD-EYE, " A round flattish wooden block, encircled by a rope or an iron band, and pierced with holes, to receive the laniard, . . used to extend the shrouds and stays, and for other pur- poses " (Imp. Diet.) : but in the extract it seems to be put for dead-light. So I lay and wondered why light Came not, and watched the twilight, And the glimmer of the sky-light That shot across the deck ; And the binnacle pale and steady, And the dull glimpse of the dead-eye, And the sparks in fiery eddy That whirled from the chimney neck. Thackeray, The White Squall. DEAD LIFE, the memory of one that is dead : so in some parts of England the dead year of a person = the year following his decease. The king .... was slain upon the tomb of their two true servants, which they caused to be made for them with royal expenses and notable workmanship, to preserve their dead lives. Sidney, Arcadia, Bk. II. p. 130. DEAD-LIGHTS, strong wooden ports made to fit the cabin windows in a ship, so as to keep out the waves in a storm. The timbers are straining, and folks are com- plaining, The dead-lights are letting the spray and the rain in. Inyoldsby Legends (Brothers of Birchington). DEAD MEN. See extract. Lord Sm. Coine, John, bring us a fresh bottle. Col. Ay, my lord, and pray let him carry off the dead men, as we say in the army (meaning the empty bottles). Sirift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). DEADS. See extract. I got into a great furze-croft, full of deads (those are the earth-heaps they throw out of the shafts) where no man in his senses dare go forward or back in the dark, for fear of the shafts. C. Kingsley, Yeast, ch. xiii. DEADY, a slang name for gin. Jon Bee's Slang Diet. 1823, says, " so called after the rectifier's name in reality without slangery. Deady is dead now, and this word must be transferred to our addenda in the next edition " [where obsolete slang is placed]. Southey, however, seems to mean beer by the word in the following Some of the whole-hoggery in the House of Commons he would designate by Deady, or Wet and Heavy ; some by weak tea, others by Blue-Ruin. Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter xvi. DEAF (applied to nuts), without a kernel. These inward dispositions are as the kernel ; outward acts are as the shell ; he is but a deaf nut therefore, that hath outward service without inward fear. Up. Hall, Works,\. 81. Every day, it seems, was separately a blank day, yielding absolutely nothing what chil- dren call a deaf nut, offering no kernel. De Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 91. DEAF AS A DOOR, stone-deaf: we usually say, deaf as a post. He is as deafe as a doore ; I must tell him a tale in his eare, that all the towne must be privie to, or else hee can not heare mee. Breton, Miseries of Mavillia, p. 49. DEAL. See N., s. v. dele-wine, who says, " Said to be a species of Rhenish ; certainly a foreign wine, but I know not whence named, unless it was im- ported at Deal, and then it should be spelt accordingly. But Ben Jonson, who was a correct man, spelt it Dele." But Shirley, quoted by N., spells it Deal. So does Adams. " Dutch " in the ex- tract of course = German. He . . . calls for wine that he may make known his rare vessel of deal at home ; not forgetting to [tell ?] you that a Dutch mer- chant sent it him for some extraordinary desert. Adams, i. 500. DEAN, deacon. Eke praye (my Priests) for them and for yourselues, For Bishops, Prelats, Archdeans, deans, and priests, And al that preach or otherwise professe God's holy word, and take the cure of soules. Gascoigne, Steele Glas, p. 76. DEAR, to endear. Nor should a Sonne his Sire loue for reward, But for he is his Sire, in nature dear'd. Dames, Microcosmos, p. 64. DEATH DECANTATE DEATH AND THE COBBLER ; in the original nuptice Mortis ciim Morte. Pe. Whence is our Gabriel come with this sour look ? What, is he come out of Tro- phonius's cave ? Ga. No, I have been at a weddiug. Pe. "What wedding is it that you have been at ? I believe at the wedding of Death and the Cobbler. Bailey's Erasmus, p. 316. DEATHINESS, an atmosphere of death. Look ! it burns clear ; but with the air around Its dead ingredients mingle deathiness. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. V. DEATHLING, applied by Sylvester to Adam and Eve, as subject to death ; in Swift deathlings = children of Death personified. Alas fond death-linys ! O behold how cleer The knowledge is that you have bought so deer. Sylvester, The Imposture, p. 375. The int'rest of his readme had need That Death should get a num'rous breed ; Young deathlings, who by practice made Proficients in their father's trade, With colonies might stock around His large dominions underground. Swiift, Death and Daphne. DEATHY, pertaining to death. The cheeks were deathy dark, Dark the dead skin upon the hairless skull. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. II. DEAURATE, golden. Of so eye-bewitching a deaurate ruddie dy is the skin-coat of this landtgrave. Nashe, Lenten Stiiffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 164). DEAVE, to deafen, stun, or bewilder. Indeed we were deaved about the affa- bility of old crabbit Bodle of Bodletone- brae, and his sister Miss Jenny, when they favoured us with their company at the first inspection ball. Gait, The Provost, ch. xxxiv. '* You know my name ; how is that ? " " White magic ; I am a witch . . . foolish boy, was it not cried at the gate loud enough to deave one." Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. ii. DEBARRASS, to rid ; disembarrass. But though we could not seize his person, said the captain, we have debarrassed ourselves tout a fait from his pursuit. Mad. TfArllay, Cecilia, Bk. VII. ch. v. I was debarrassed of interruption ; my half-effaced thought instantly revived. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. x. Clement had time to debarass himself of his boots and his hat before the light streamed in upon him. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Ixxxiv. DEBARKMENT, disembarkation. Our troops ought not to have shut them- selves up in the Goleta, but have met the enemy in the open field at the place of de- barkment. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. I. Bk. IV. ch. xii. DEBATE, to fall off, to abate. Artes are not bothe begunne and perfected at once, but are increased by time and studie, which notwithstanding when they are at the full perfection doo debate and decrease agaiue. Webbe, Eng. Poetrie, p. 94. DEBADCHNESS, dissipation ; riotous living. R. has debaucliedness and de- bauchtness. Those are commonly least patient of Phy- sitians or Chirurgeons hands, who need them most, cryiug out of other men's severities ; which are occasioned, yea, necessitated, by their own debauchnesse and distempers. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 390. DEBELLATION, a putting a stop to war. B. and L. have the word with the same quotation from Sir T. More, where it signifies, conquest. Here is a two-fold army, one marching against another, seditio et sedatio ; an insur- rection and a debellation; a tumult and its appeasement. Adams, iii. 281. DEBORDMENT, excess (Fr. deborder). They have almost made this Church an Augean stable, so that it is an Herculean work to cleanse it of all those debordments and defilements fain upon Christian Reli- gion. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 214. DEBOSHMENT, excess ; debauchedness. An ordinarie honest fellow is one whom it concernes to be call'd honest, for if he were not this he were nothing ; and yet he is not this neither ; but a good dull vicious fellow that complyes well with the deboshments of the time, and is fit for it. Earle, Microcos- moyraphie, No. 77. It is an otter whom I remember to have transmuted from a mariner or seaman for his deboshments here ; and I observe there are no people so given to excesses as seamen when they come ashore. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 5. DEBOUCHE, to turn out of. We sat and watched them debouche from the forest into the broad river meadows. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xviii. DEBT-BIND, to oblige. Behold Camillus, he that erst reviv'd The state of Eome, that dying he did find, Of his own state is now, alas, depriv'd, Banish'd by them whom he did thus debt-bind. Sackville, Duke of Buckingham, st. 43. DECANTATE, to chant, or sing out. If every one of us, as Virgil saith, had an hundred tongues and an hundred mouths, yet were we not able sufficiently to decantate, sing, and set forth His praises. Becon, i. 182. DEC A Y ( '75 ) DEDALIAN These men . . . impertinently decantatt against the Ceremonies of the Church of Eng- land. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 99. DECAY, to slacken. One giueth the start speedily, and perhaps before he come half way to th' other goale, decayeth his pace as a man weary and faint- ing. Puttenham, Eny. Poesie, Bk. II. ch. iii. DECAYABLE, capable of decay. "Were His strength decayable with time there might be some hope in reluctation ; but never did or shall man contest against God without coming short home. Adams, iii. 111. DECEDE, to depart or secede. Three things are essential to justifie the English Reformation from the scandal of schisme, to shew that they had, 1. just cause for which, 2. true authority by which, 3. due moderation in what they deceded from Eome. Fuller, Ch. Hist., V. iii. 25. DECEMBERLY, like December ; win- terly. The many bleak and decemberly nights of a seven years widowhood. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, v. 208. DECENTISH, fair. Fair sir, you are welcome: do, pray, stop and dine, You'll take our potluck, and we've decentish wine. Inyoldsby Legends (Account of a new play). DECHBISTIANISE, to make unchristian, to heathenise. The next step in de-Christianising the poli- tical life of nations is to establish national education without Christianity. Disraeli, Lothair, ch. Ixxxiv. DECIDE, to cut off. The quotation is from verses spoken by a child when Queen Elizabeth visited Norwich, 1579 ; in modern editions of Fuller it is printed " divides." Again, our seat denies us traffick here, The sea too near decides us from the rest. Fuller, Holy State, Bk. II. ch. xx. DECIMAL, relating to tithes : decimal arithmetic, is applied by Milton to the reckoning of tithes by the clergy. I see them still so loath to unlearn their decimal arithmetic, and still grasp their tithes as inseparable from a priest. Milton, Means to remove Hirelings. An offer was also made for regulating the jurisdiction of Ecclesiastical Courts in causes testamentary, decimal, and matrimonial. Heylin, Hist, of Presbyterians, p. 469. DECINEB, tithing man. [This hath been spoken] to all from the highest and greatest to the lowest and least instrument of justice, from the governor of the thousand to the centurion, from him to the tithing man or deciner. Ward, Sermons, p. 128. DECIPHER, the character given of a man ; that which shows what he is. He was a Lord Chancellour of France, whose decipher agrees exactly with this great prelate, sometimes Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. Bucket, Life of Williams, ii. 220. DECLAIM, to cry down. This banquet then . . . is at once declared and declaimed, spoken of and forbidden. Adams, i. 175. DECLINATORY, a refusal, or evasion. This matter came not to the judges to give any opinion ; and if it had, they had a declinatory of course, viz. that matters of Parliament were too high for them. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 10. DECONCOCT, to decompose, or separate. I doubt not but since these Benedictines have had their crudities deconcocted, and have been drawn out into more slender threads of subdivision. Fuller, Ch. Hist., vi. p. 267. DECBESCENT, waning. The good Queen, Repentant of the word she made him swear, And saddening in her childless castle, sent, Between the increscent and decrescent moon, Arms for her son, and loosed him from his vow. Tennyson, Gareth and Lynette. DECUMANE, tenth : the decumane wave or billow = the tenth or largest wave. That same decumane wave that took us fore and aft somewhat altered my pulse. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. xxiii. Out of a vain hope to make many little skiffs and cock-boats in which to expose themselves ... to be overwhelmed and quite sunk by such decumane billowes as those small vessels have no proportion to resist. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 30. DECURRENCE, lapse ; running down. The erratas which by long decurrence of time, through many men's hands have befaln it, are easily corrected. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 536. DECURTATE, to shave. Hee sends for his barber to depure, decur- tate, and spunge him. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 144). DEDALIAN, varied. See L., s. v. dedal. From time to time in various sort Dedalian Nature seems her to disport. Sylvester, The Arke, 425. DEDECORATE ( 176 ) DELIGNATE DEDECORATE, to disgrace or disfigure. "Why lett'st weake Wormes Thy head de- decorate With worthlesse briers, and flesh-trans- piercing thornes ? Davies, Holy Eoode, p. 13. DEED-DOER, perpetrator. rhe deed-doers Matrevers and Gourney . . . durst not abide the triall. Daniel, Hist, of Eng.,p. 185. DEEDY, active or efficient. In a messenger sent is required celerity, sincerity, constancy ; that he be speedy, that he be heedy, and, as we say, that he be deedy. Adams, ii. 111. Who praiseth a horse that feeds well, but is not deedy for the race or travel, speed or length ? Ward, Sermons, p. 165. The appearance of the little sitting-room as they entered was tranquillity itself ; Mrs. Bates deprived of her usual employment, slumbering on one side of the fire, Frank Churchill at a table near her most deedily occupied about her spectacles, and Jane Fair- fax, standing with her back to them, intent on her pianoforte. Miss Austen, Emma, vol. II. ch. x. DEEP-THOUGHTED, having deep thoughts. I am strong in the spirit deep-thovyhted, clear-eyed. Mrs. Browning, Ehapsody of Life's Progress. DEFAMATOR, a slanderer. We should keep in pay a brigade of hunters to ferret our defamators, and to clear the nation of this noxious vermin, as once we did of wolves. Gentleman Instructed, p. 66. DEFIANTNESS, defiance. . He answered, not raising his voice, but speaking with quick defutntness. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. Ixi. DEFRAY, to pay : we only speak of defraying expense or charges, and the Diets, give no instance of any other use. Therefore (defraying the mariners with a ring bestowed upon them) they took their journey together. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 6. Suddenly a dart (none knew to whose hand the honour of it was due) did wound him in the thigh, which he (doubtful to whom he stood debtor) did pay back to many (an extraordinary interest) ; with the death of some one striving to defray every drop of his blood. Ibid. p. 328. The Queen had gained the thirds of all Church Rents . . . upon condition of making some allowance out of it to defray the minis- ters. Heylin, Hist, of Presbyterians, p. 176. DEGENERIZE, to degenerate. Sylves- ter says that the idolatrous Israelites Deyeneriz'd, decay'd, and withered quight. The Vocation, 104. DEGLUTINATE, to unstick. See, see, my Soule (ah, harke how It doth cracke!) The Hand of Outrage that deglutinates His Vesture, glu'd with gore-blood to His backe. Davies, Holy Eoode, p. 16. DEGREE, to advance step by step. An example of this verb is given from Heywood by R., who says it rests on that authority. The subjoined passages show that this is a mistake. Thus is the soul's death degreed up. Sin gathers strength by custom, and creeps like some contagious disease in the body from joint to joint. Adams, i. 230. I will degree this noxious neutrality one peg higher. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 189. DEGUST, to taste. The Diets, quote Bp. Hall for degustation. A soupe au vin, madam, I will degi/.st, and gratefully. Eeade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. ii. DEJECTLY, dejectedly ; the adj. de- ject is in N. I rose dejectly, curtsied, and withdrew without reply. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 237. DEJERATION, protestation ; misprint or error for dejuration (?). Doubtless with many vows and tears and dejerations he labours to clear his intentions to her person. Bp. Hall, Works, ii. 258. DELAYABLE, capable of delay, or of being delayed. Law thus divisible, debateable, and delay- able, is become a greater grievance than all that it was intended to redress. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 250. DELAYED, mixed ; alloyed. Wine delayed with water, as we read in Athenus, the Gaules called Dercoma. Hol- land's Camden, p. 20. The eye, for the upper halfe of it of a darke browne, for the nether somewhat yel- lowish, like delayed gold. Ibid. p. 476. DELEGATORY, holding a delegated or dependent position. Some politique delegatory Scipio . . they would single forth, if it might bee, whom they might depose when they list, if he should begin to tyranize. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 1-70). DELIGNATE, to deprive of wood. It moves me much, his accusation of covet- ousness, dilapidating, or rather delitjnating his bishoprick, cutting down the woods thereof, for which he fell into the Queen's displeasure. Fuller, Ch. Hist., IX. iii. 34. DELINE ( 177 ) DENDRA'NTHOPOLOGY DELINE, to mark out. A certain plan had been delined out for a farther proceeding to retrieve all with help of the Parliament. North, Examen, p. 523. DELITESCENCY, retirement. 1669 and 1670 I sold all my estate in Wilts. From 1670 to this very day (I thank God) I have enjoyed a happy delitescency. Aubrey, Life, p. 13. If I am asked further reasons for the con- duct I have long observed, I can only resort to the explanation supplied by a critic as friendly as he is intelligent ; namely, that the mental organization of the Novelist must be characterized, to speak craniologically, by an extraordinary development of the passion for delitescency. Scott, General Pref. to Waverley Novels, p. 26. DELUCE FLOWER, fleur de lis. Kyng cuppe and lillies so beloude of all men, And the deluce fowre. Webbe, Eng. Poetrie, p. 84. DEMAGOGICAL, factious ; exciting the rabble. There is a set of demagogical fellows who keep calling out, " Farmer this is an oppress- or, and Squire that is a vampyre." Lytton, My Novel, Bk. XI. ch. ii. DEMAGOGISM, the work of dema- gogues ; stirring up the mob. The last five years, moreover, have cer- tainly been years of progress for the good cause. The great drag upon it namely, demegogiam has crumbled to pieces of its own accord. C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, Pre- face (1854). DEMANDATE, to delegate or com- mission. Bp. Hall (Works, x. 186) contends for a Bishop "exercising spiritual jurisdiction out of his own peculiarly demandated authority." DE-MATERIALISATION, destruction or evaporation of matter. Miss Jemima's dowry . . . would suffice to prevent that gradual process of dematerialisa- tion which the lengthened diet upon min- nows and sticklebacks had already made apparent in the fine and slow-evanishing form of the philosopher. Lytton, My Novel, Bk. III. ch. xvii. DEMILASS, a woman of doubtful character (?) a demirep (?). At this hole then this pair of demilasses planted themselves. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. I. Bk. IV. ch. xvi. DEMILUNE, a crescent. It is an immense mass of stone of the shape of a demilune, with a bar in the middle of the concave. North, Life of Lord Guil- ford, i. 228. These stately figures were planted in a demilune about an huge fire. Ibid., Examen, p. 578. He laid his hand, as Drayton might have said, on that stout bastion, horn-work, rave- lin, or demilune which formed the outworks to the citadel of his purple isle of man. Kinysley, Westward Ho, ch. viii. DEMISE, to free. The Atheniens he commaunded to be laied fast in shaccles and fetters . . . but the The- banes he demised and let go at their libertee. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 215. DEMOCRITICAL. There were some writings of Democritus on the lan- guage of birds, &c. ; hence stories connected with natural history that were incredible were called Fabuloe Democriticce. It is observable that Bailey spells it with a small d. Not to mention democritical stories, do we not find by experience that there is a mighty disagreement between an oak and an olive- tree ? Bailey's Erasmus's Colloq., p. 394. DEMOLITIONIST, demolishes Lafayette has saved Vincennes, and is marching homewards with some dozen of arrested demolitionists. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. III. ch. v. DEMOUNT, fall down. Beautiful invention ; mounting heaven- ward so beautifully, so unguidably ! . . . Well if it do not Pilatre-like explode, and demount all the more tragically ! Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. II. ch. vi. DEMURITY, demureness. L. has the word, with extract from Charles Lamb, but it had been used before. They pretend to such demurity as to form a society for the Regulation of Manners. T. Brown, Works, ii. 182. DEMY, a close-fitting garment. He . . stript him out of his golden demy or mandillion, and flead him. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 166X DEMY-CANNON, a cannon of four inches bore. Presently does the demy-cannon and cul- verin strive to drown that noise. J. Rey- nard's Deliverance (Harl. Misc., i. 188). DENDRANTHOPOLOGY, study based on the theory that man had sprung from trees. Although the Doctor traced many of his acquaintance to their prior allotments in the vegetable creation, he did not discover such symptoms in any of them as led him to infer that the object of his speculations had existed in the form of a tree. . . . He formed, there- DENE ( 178 ) DERAY fore, no system of dendranthopoloyy. Southey, The Doctor, ch. ccxv. DENE, a sandy tract near the sea. Mrs. Leigh . . went to the rocky knoll out- side the churchyard wall, and watched the ship glide out between the yellow denes, and lessen slowly hour by hour into the bound- less west. C. Kinysley, Westward Ho, ch. xvi. DENNING, place where beasts make their lair. Where God hath raised up zealous preach- ers, in such towns this serpent hath no nest- ling, no stabling, or denning. Ward, Ser- mons, p. 158. DENOUNCE, to proclaim (in a good sense). Cf. Fr. accuser. In Spaine, under the leading and name of his sonue Coustans, whom of a Monk he had denounced Augustus or Emperor, he warred with fortunate successe. Holland's Camden, p. 85. DENOVEMENT, a revolution. I intend now to present a denovement of affairs, a new turn which happened upon certain rectifications brought about in the City of London in the year 1682. North, Examen, p. 595. DENTISTICAL, having to do with the teeth or dentistry. Even the crocodile likes to have his teeth cleaned ; insects get into them, and, horribls reptile though he be, he opens his jaws in- offensively to a faithful dentistical bird, who volunteers his beak for a toothpick. Lytton, My Novel, Bk. IV. ch. i. To know that he is always keeping a secret from her ; that he has, under all circum- stances, to conceal and hold fast a tender double tooth, which her sharpness is ever ready to twist out of his head, gives Mr. Snagsby, in her dentistical presence, much of the air of a dog who has a reservation from his master. Dickens, Bleak House, ch. xxv. DENUNCIANT, denouncing. Of all which things a poor Legislative Assembly and Patriot France is informed, by denunc-iant friend, by triumphant foe. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. V. ch. v. DEODATE, a gift from God. L. has the word, with a quotation from Hooker, but it means there a gift to God. He observed that the Dr. was born of New- Year's Day, and that it was then pre- saged he would be a deodate, a fit new-year's gift for God to bestow on the world. Letter from H. Paman, 1653 (D'Oyly's Life of San- croft, ch. ii.). DEPABOCHIATE, to leave the parish. The culture of our lands will sustain an infinite injury if such a number of peasants were to deparochiate. Foote, The Orators Act I. DEPORTATOR, one who carries away or banishes others. This island of ours, within these late days, hath bred a great number of these field- briers, . . . oppressors, euclosers, depopulat- ors, deportators, depravators. Adams, ii. 481. DEPOULSOUR, expeller. Hercules was in olde time worshipped vnder the name of a\i iKa.Ko?, that is, the depoulsour and driuer awaye of all euills. UdaCs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 130. DEPRAVATE, to malign, disparage. "Whereat the rest, in depth of scorne and hate, His Diuine Truth with taunts doe deprauate. Davies, Holy Eoode, p. 7. DEPRECATORY, deprecation. There the author strutted like an Hector, now he is passive, full of deprecatories and apologetics. North, Examen, p. 343. DEPRESSIVENESS, depression. To all his ever- varying, ever - recurring troubles, moreover, must be added this con- tinual one of ill-health, and its concomitant depressiveness. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 88. DEPUTABLE, fit to be deputed. All these fitted Baillie to be a leader in General Assemblies and conclaves, a man deputable to the London Parliament and elsewhither. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 224. DEPUTATION, authority to shoot game. The squire declared if she would give t'other bout of old Sir Simon, he would give the game-keeper his deputation the next morning. . . In the morning Sophia did not fail to remind him of his engagement, and his attorney was immediately sent for, and ordered to stop any further proceedings in the action, and to make out the deputation. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. IV. ch. v. He . . had inquired about the manor; would be glad of the deputation, certainly, but made no great point of it ; said he some- times took out a gun, but never killed. Miss Austen, Persuasion, ch. iii. DEPUTIZE, to act as deputy. This strange word appears in an advertise- ment in the Church Times, April 18, 1879: "Organist. An amateur wishes to deputize in return for practice." DERANGEABLE, liable to derangement; delicate. The real impediment to making visits is that derangeable health which belongs to old age. Sydney Smith, Letters, 1843. DERAY, disorder. See quotation *. v. HIGH TIDE. DERBY ( 179 ) DETESTAB1LITY So amid glitter of illuminated streets and Champs Elysees, and crackle of fireworks, aud glad deray has the first National Assem- bly vanished. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Bk. V. ch. i. DERBY. N. has Derby-ale, and says that it seems to have been a popular drink in the time of Elizabeth. It con- tinued so long after. Tom Brown repeatedly refers to it, often using Derby or Darby by itself as a syno- nym for ale. Can't their Darby go down but with a tune, nor their tobacco smoak without the harmony of a Cremona fiddle ? Works, ii. 162. DERISIONARY, derisive. There was a club that ate a calf's head on January 30 in ridicule of the commemoration of Charles I.'s death. This is spoken of as "that derisionary festival" (T. Broum, Works, ii. 215). DERIVATE, derived. Ye swear ! If peril of your lands or life Should stand between, ye swear of life and land To take no count ; but putting trust in Him From whom the rights of kings are derivate, In its own blood to trample treason out. Taylor, Edwin the Fair, i. 7. DERN, a door or gate-post. I just put my eye between the wall and the dern of the gate, and I saw him come up to the back-door. C. Kinysley, Westward Ho, ch. xiv. DERNIER, last ; as in many other cases, this French word is used by Nortli as though it were English. After the dernier proof of him in this manner ... he was dismissed. North, Examen, p. 620. DKROGANT, derogatory, disrespectful. The other is both arrogant in man, and deroyant to God. Adams, i. 12. DEROGATE TO, derogate from. All this fell into a harsh construction, deroyati)ty much to the Archbishop's credit. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 218. DERRICK, a piece of timber to sustain a pulley for raising weights. I chanced to see a year ago men at work on the substructure of a house in Bowdoin Square, in Boston, swinging a block of granite of the size of the largest of the Stonehenge columns with an ordinary der- rick. Emerson, Eny. Traits, ch. xvi. DESCENDENTALISM, lowering, depre- ciation. With all this Descendentalism, he continues a Transcendentalism no less superlative ; whereby if on the one hand he degrade man below most animals, except those jacketed Gouda cows, he on the other exalts him beyond the visible heavens, al- most to an equality with the gods. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. I. ch. x. DESERVELESS, undeserving. Like to a bride, come forth, my book, at last, With all thy richest jewels overcast ; Say, if there be 'mongst many gems here one Deserveless of the name of Paragon. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 79. DESIROUS, desirable. H. s. v. says, " It sometimes seems to be used for desirable," but gives no example. So desirous were the terrible torments unto Vincent, as a most pleasant banquet. Bale, Select Works, p. 586. DESPICABILITY, despicableness. Such courage we indeed esteem an exceed- ing small matter, capable of co-existing with a life full of falsehood, feebleness, pol- troonery, and despicability . Carlyle, Misc., iii. 94. DESPOTIST, supporter of despotism. I must become as thorough a despotist and imperialist as Strafford himself. C. Kinysley (Life, ii. 66). DESPOTOCRACY, the rule of despots. Despotocracy, the worst institution of the middle ages the leprosy of society came over the water; the slave survived the priest, the noble the king. Theod. Parker, Works, v. 262. DESTATE, to divest of state or gran- deur. The king of eternal glory, to the world's eye destatiny himself (though indeed not by putting off what he had, but by putting on what he had not) was cast down for us that we might rise up by him. Adams, i. 430. DETERGENCY, cleansing or purifying power. Bath water . . . possesses that milkiness, deterc/ency, and middling heat, so friendly adapted to weakened animal constitutions. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, ii. 290. DETERMINATENESS, resolvedness. His detwminateness and bis power seemed to make allies unnecessary. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. xiv. DETEST ABILITY, odiotisness. As young ladies are to mankind precisely the most delightful in those years [19 25], so young gentlemen do then attain their maximum of detestalility. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. ii. ch. iv. DETESTANT ( 180) DEVILDOMS DETESTANT, a detester. The Prince and Buckingham were ever Protestants ; those their opposites you know not what to term them, unless detestants of the Romish idolatry. Racket, Life of Williams, i. 121. DETINY, detention, holding back what is due. See L. s. v. detimie. There are that will restore some, but not all ; to this they have posse, but no velle ; let the creditors be content with one of four. But this little detiny is great iniquity. Adams, i. 145. DEVASTITATION, destruction, laying waste. "Wherefore followed a pitiful devastation of Churches and church-buildings in all parts of the realm. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 164. DEVAUNT, to boast. The Prior of Northampton in his surrender to Henry VIII. confesses that he and his fellows had done much To the most notable slaunder of Christ's holy evangely, which in the forme of our professyon, we did ostentate and openly devaunt to keep moost exactly. Fuller, Ch. Hist., vi. p. 320. DEVIATE, to turn out of the way, to mislead. A wise man ought not so much to give the reins to human passions as to let them deviate him from the right path. Cotton, Montaigne, ch. xisv. DEVIL, is much used as an expletive. The devil he is ! is an exclamation of surprise or alarm ; the devil of, or the devil a bit = nothing, or not at all. The Deuill of the one chare of good werke they doen. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 132. Mess. My lord, Musgrove is at hand. K. James. Who ? Musgrove ? the devil he is! Come, my horse ! Green, Geo.-A-Greene, p. 257. Why then, for fear, the devil a bit for love, I'll tell you, sir. Lord Digby, Elvira, iv. 1. Within. Sir Giles, here's your niece. HOT. My niece ! the devil she is ! Love tall find out the way, Act IV. We have an English expression, " The Devil he doth it, the Devil he hath it," where the addition of Devil amounteth only to a strong denial, equivalent to, " He doth it not, he hath it not." My opinion is, if the phrase took not the original form, yet it is applyable to our common and causeless accusing of Satan with our own faults, charging him with th > v .e temptations wherein we ourselves are always chiefly, and sometimes solely, guilty. Fuller, Worthies, Gloucestershire. DEVIL. To play the devil. L. gives this phrase, but no example. Thus far, my lords, we trained have our camp For to encounter haughty Arragon, Who with a mighty power of straggling mates Hath traitorously assailed this our land, And burning towns, and sacking cities fair, Doth play the devil wheresome'er he comes. Greene, Alphonsus, Act I. Whether, sir, you did not state upon the hustings, that it was your firm and deter- mined intention to oppose everything pro- posed, . . . and, in short, in your own memor- able words, to play the very devil with everything and everybody ? Dickens, Nicho- las Nicklely, ch. xvi. DEVIL. Scott, in a note to the first extract, says, " The villanous character given by history to the celebrated Goodwin, Earl of Kent, in the time of Edward the Confessor, occasioned this proverb." Great of course = intimate. I was well satisfy'd, gave him his sword, and we became as great friends as the Devil and the Earl of Kent.T. Brown. Works, ii. 194. Lady Sm. Miss, I hear that you and Lady Couplers are as great as cup and can. Lady Ans. Ay, as great as the Devil and the Earl of Kent. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. iii.). DEVIL. When the devil is blind = never. They will bring it [abolition of beggars] when the devil is blind (id fiet ad Calendas Grcecas). Bailey's Erasmus, p. 216. Nev. I'll make you a fine present one of these days. Jfiss. Ay, when the Devil is blind, and his eyes are not sore yet. Nev. No, Miss, I'll send it you to-morrow. Miss. Well, well, to-morrow's a new day, but I suppose you mean to-morrow come never. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. i.). DEVIL AND NINE-PENCE. See extract. The devil and nine-pence go with her, that's money and company, according to the laud- able adage of the sage mobility. T. Jirmcn, Works, iii. 245. DEVIL-DODGER, a ranting preacher. These devil-dodgers happened to be so very powerful (that is, noisy) that they soon sent John home, crying out, he should be damn'd. Life of J. Lackinyton, Letter vi. DEVILDOMS, dealings with the devil. I'll defy you to name us a man half so famous For devildoms Sir, it's the great Nostra- damus. Inyoldsby Legends (Lord of Thoulouse). DE VI LESS DEVILTRY DEVILESS, she devil. There was not angel, man, devil, nor deviless upon the place. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. III. ch. xxvii. Though we should abominate each other ten times worse than so many devils and devilesses, we should nevertheless, my dear creatures, be all courtesy and kindness. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, ii. 188. DEVILET, imp ; little devil. And pray now what were these deviled call'd? These three little fiends so gay ? Inc/oldsby Legends (The Truants). DEVILKIN, little devil. No wonder that a Beelzebub has his devil- kins to attend his call. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, vi. 14. Blue Artillery men, little pow&er-devilkins, plying their hell-trade there through the uot ambrosial night. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. IV. ch. v. DEVIL LOOKING OVER LINCOLN. See quotation from Fuller, the first part of which is from the Oxfordshire Proverbs, and the latter, beginning " The Devil is the map," &c., from those of Lin- colnshire. Than wold ye looke ouer me with stomoke swolne Like as the diuel lookt ouer Lincolne. Heywood, Dial., Pt. II. ch. ix. (Spenser Soc., p. 75). Some filch the original of this proverb from a stone picture of the Devil, which doth (or lately did) overlook Lincoln College. Surely the architect intended it no further than for an ordinary autick, though behold- ers have since applied those ugly looks to envious persons, repining at the prosperity of their neighbours, and jealous to be over- topt by their vicinity. . . It is conceived of more antiquity than the fore - mentioned College, though the secondary sense thereof lighted not unhappily, and that it related originally to the Cathedral Church in Lin- coln. . . . The Devil is the map of malice, and his envy (as God's mercy) is over all his works. It grieves him whatever is given to God, crying out with that flesh devil, Ut quid h(ec perditio ? what needs this waste ? On which account he is supposed to have over- looked this church when first finished with a torve and tetrick countenance, as maligning men's costly devotion. Fuller, Worthies. Heathcote himself, and such large-acred men, Lords of fat Ev'sham, or of Lincoln fen, Buy every stick of wood that lends them heat, Buy every pullet they afford to eat ; Yet these are wights who fondly call their own Half that the Devil overlooks from Lincoln town. Pope, Imit. of Horace, Epist. II. ii. 246. Lord Sp. Has your ladyship seen the dutchess since your falling out? Lady Sin. Never, my lord, but orice at a visit ; and she looked at me as the Devil look'd over Lincoln. Swift, Polite Conversa- tion (Conv. i.). DEVIL-MAY-CARE, reckless. Lord Lyt- ton always writes it devil - me - care, which comes to the same meaning by a different road. Toby Crackit, seeming to abandon as hopeless any further effort to maintain his usual devil - may - care swagger, turned to Chitling and said, ""When was Fagin took then ? "Dickens, Oliver Tun'st, ch. 1. He had blue eyes, a blonde peruke, a care- less profligate smile, and looked altogether as devil-me-care, rakehelly, handsome, good- for-nought as ever swore at a drawer. Lytton, What will he do irith it? Bk. II. ch. ii. DEVIL'S BOOKS, cards. Bailey, in his translation of Erasmus's Colloquies, p. 181, calls dice "the devil's bones." There is no corresponding expression in the original. The ladies there must needs be rooks, For cards we know are Pluto's books. Swift, Death and Daphne. The ladies and Tom Gosling were propos- ing a party at quadrille, but he refused to make one. Damn your cards, said he. they are the Devil's books. Ibid., Polite Conversa- tion (Conv. iii.). DEVIL'S DUST. The teazing machine through which cotton or wool is passed to prepare it for carding is called a devil. The refuse thus torn out is worked sometimes into cheap cloth, hence called devil's dust. Does it beseem thee to weave cloth of devil's dust instead of true wool, and cut and sew it as if thou wert not a tailor, but the fraction of a very tailor ? Carlyle, Misc., iv. 239. DEVIL'S COACH-HORSE. Mr. Black- more (note in loc.) says, ''The cock- tailed beetle has earned this name in England." H. has " Devil's cow, a kind of beetle (Somerset)." As this atrocious tale of his turned up joint by joint before her, like a devil's coach- horse, mother was too much amazed to do any more than look at him, as if the earth must open. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. iv. DEVILTRY, diabolical act ; devilry, which is the more usual form. The rustics beholding crossed themselves and suspected deviltries. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xcv. DEVIL UPON DUN ( 182 ) DEWLE DEVIL UPON DUN, an expression signi- fying that matters are worse and worse. Dun was a common name for a horse ; hence the devil on horseback = the devil or mischief with increased powers of activity. The phrase in the extract is one of Urquhart's many enlargements on the original. Poor Panurge began to cry and howl worse than ever. " Babillebabou," said he, shrug- ging up his shoulders, quivering all over with fear, " there will be the devil upon dun. This is a worse business than that the other day." Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. xxxiii. DEVISE, to imagine, suppose. He deviseth first that this Brutus was a Consul of Rome. Holland's Camden, p. 8. DEVITATION, a warning off ; the oppo- site of invitation. If there be any here that . . . will venture himself a guest at the devil's banquet, maugre all deviation, let him stay and hear the reckoning. Adams, i. 177. DEVOCATE, to call away from, and so, to rob. The Commons of you doo complain, From them you devocate. Preston, K. C'ambises (Hawkins, Eng. Dr., i. 269). DEVONSHIRE, To Devonshire land. See extract. To Devonshire land is to pare off the sur- face or top-turffe thereof, then lay it together in heaps and burn it, which ashes are a marvailous improvement to battle barren ground . . . An husbandry which, wherever used, retains the name of the place where it was first invented, it being usual to Devon- shire land in Dorsetshire, and in other counties. Fuller, Worthies, Devon (i. 273). DEVOTERER, adulterer. In some edi- tions of Becon advouterer is the word used. He that breaketh wedlock with his neigh- bour's wife let him be slain, both the devoterer and the advouteress. Becon, i. 450. DEVOTIONAIR, a devotee. The Lord Chief Justice Hales, a profound common lawyer, and both devotionair and moralist, affected natural philosophy. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 264. DEVOTIONALS, forms of devotion. Nor have they had either more cause for, or better success in, their disputing* against the devotionals of the Church of England. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 87. DEVOTIONS, objects of devotion. Cf. Acts xvii. 23, "As I passed by- and beheld your devotions" (atpdnfiara) (see Trench on Auth. Ver. of N. T., p. 41). Dametas began to speak his loud voice, to look big, . . . swearing by no mean devotions that the walls should not keep the coward from him. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 277. DEVOUR, to overcome : a Gallicism. So perhaps the phrase devour distance to make little of it ; to be intrusive or familiar. He that setteth forth for the goal, if he will obtain, must resolve to devour all diffi- culties, and to run it out. Sanderson, i. 413. Wat was woundly angry with Sir John Newton, Knight (Sword-bearer to the King then in presence), for devouring his distance, and not making his approaches mannerly enough unto him. Fuller, Worthies, Suffolk (ii. 346). DEVOUT. L. has this as meaning devotee ; here, however, it signifies devotion. This is the substance of his first section till we come to the devout of it, modelled into the form of a private psalter. Milton, Eikonoklastes, ch. i. DEWBEATERS, according to H. oiled shoes, but in Hacket early walkers. It is not equity at lust and pleasure that is moved for, but equity according to decrees iud precedents foregoing, as the dew-beaters have trod their way for those that come after them. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 57. DE-WITT, to lynch. John De Witt, Grand Pensionary of Holland, and his brother Cornelius, were massacred by the mob at Amsterdam in 1672. It is a wonder the English nation . . have not in their fury De-Witted some of these men who have brought all this upon us. And I must tell them that the crimes of the two unhappy brothers in Holland (which gave rise to that word) were not fully so great as some of theirs. Modest Enquiry into the Present Disasters, 1690 (Life of Ken, p. 561). He barbarously endeavours to raise in the whole English nation such a fury as may end in De- Witting us (a bloody word but too well understood). Declaration of ps. in answer to Modest Enquiry, 1690 (Ibid. p. 566). To her I leave thee, gloomy peer. Think on thy crimes committed ; Repent, and be for once sincere, Thou ne'er wilt be De- Wilted. Prior, The Viceroy. DEWLE, lamentation. But when I saw no end that could apart The deadly dewle which she so sore did make, DEW-RAKE ( 183 ) DICKINS With doleful voice then thus to her I spake. Sackville, The Induction, st. 14. DEW-RAKE, rake used for the surface of a lawn, on which of course the dew lies, to take off the daisies, &c. (?). Like dew-rakes and harrowes armed with so many teeth, that none great or small should escape them. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 381. DEWTRY, the Datura plant, which has narcotic qualities. Make leeches and their pnnks with detrtry Commit phantastical advowtry. Hvdibras, III. i. 319. DEY-WOMAN, farm or dairy woman. The dey or farm- woman entered with her pitchers to deliver the milk for the family. Scott, Fair Maid of Perth, ii. 288. DIABOLARCH, ruler of devils. Supposing, however, this Satan to be meant of a real angel, there will be no need to ex- pound it of the Diabolarch. J. O.vlee, Con- futation of the Diabolarchy, p. 9. DIABOLARCHY, rule of the devil. The final and concluding argument . . . against the received dogma of the Diabol- archy. J. Oxlee, Confutation of the Diabol- archy, p. 30. DIALECT, to speak a dialect. By corruption of speech they false dialect and misse-sound it. Nathe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 166). DIAL OF ALEXANDER. The conquests of Alexander the Great always tended eastward ; hence, perhaps, the expres- sion in the extract. I conclude it [the morning] is in itselfe a blessed season, a dispensing of the first dark- nesse, and the diall of Alexander. Breton, Fantastickfs (Morning). DIAMANTIFEROUS, diamond-bearing or producing. Diamondiferous, it would seem, has been hazarded. The Aca- demy is quoting from the Notth China Herald. Men with thick straw shoes go on walking about in the diamantiferous sands of the valleys. Academy, Sept. 14, 1878. One of the latest creations of pretentious sciolism which I have noticed is diamondifer- ous, a term applied to certain tracts of coun- try in South Africa. Adamantiferous, ety- mologicaily correct, would never answer ; but all except pedants or aff ectationists would be satisfied with diamond-producing. Dr. Hall, Modern Eng., p. 177. DIAPHANAL, transparent : diaphanous is more common. If in a three-square glasse as thicke, as cleere, (Being but dark earth, though made dia- phanall) Beauties diuine that rauish sence appeare, Making the soule with joy in trance to fall, What then, my soule, shalt thou in Heau'n behold, In that cleare mirror of the Trinity ? Da-vies, Wittes Pilgrimage, p. 21. To thee my whole man is dyaphanall, The raies of whose witt's eyes pierce through mee quite. Ibid. p. 38. DIAPRY, variegated. The diapry mansions where man-kinde doth trade Were built in six dayes. Sylvester, The Handy Crafts, 654. They ly neerer the diapry verges Of tear-bridge Tigris swallow-swifter surges. Ibid., The Colonies, 428. DIAVOLARIAS, devilries ; North applies it to the effigy-burnings of Jesuits by the mob. Thus ended these diavolarias never to ap- pear again till like mischiefs are hatching. North, Examen, p. 580. DICACITY, licence in speech. R. says the word was coined by B3'rom, and L.'s quotation from Sp. Quixote does not necessarily contradict this, but the sub- joined passage is earlier by a good many years than Byrom, and the word is in Cockerams Eng. Diet., 1632, and is defined " much babbling or scolding, scoffing or prating." Lucilius, a centurion in Tacitus Annal.,lib. i., had a scornful name given him by the military dicacity of his own company. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 133. DICKEY. It's all dickey ivith Mm = it's all over with him (slang). 'Tis all dickey with poor Father Dick ; he's no more. Inaoldsby Legends (Brothers of Birchinyton). DICKEY-BIRDS, little birds. 'Twas, I know, in the spring-time when Na- ture looks gay, As the poet observes, and on tree-top and spray The dear little dickey-birds carol away. Ingoldsby Lei/ends (Kniyht and Lad}/.} Gladly would I throw up history to think of nothing but dickey-birds, but it must not be yet. C. Kim/sley (Life, ii. 41). DICKINS. See quotation. Cook. What for the bride-cake, Gnotho ? Gnotho. Let it be mouldy now 'tis out of season, Let it grow out of date, currant, and reason ; Let it be chipt and chopt, and given to chickens, DICK'S HATBAND ( 184 ) DIFFRACTION No more is got by that than William Dickim Got by his wooden dishes. Massinger, Old Law, Act V. "Who was William Dickins, whose wooden dishes were sold so badly, that when any one lost by the sale of his wares, the said Dickins and his dishes were brought up in scornful comparison ? Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxxv. DICK'S HATBAND. See quotation. Who was that other Dick who wore so queer a hatband that it has ever since served as a standing comparison for all queer things? . . . Nothing, said the Doctor, is remembered of him now, except that he was familiarly called Dick, and that his queer hatband went nine times round, and would not tie. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxxv. DICKY, a donkey. But now, as at some nobler places, Amongst the leaders 'twas decreed Time to begin the Dicky races, More famed for laughter than for speed. Bloomfteld, Richard and Kate. DlCT, saying, report. What, the old diet was true after all ? Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxxvi. DICTERY, a saying. I did heap up all the dicteries I could against women, but now recant. Burton, Anatomy, 584. DICTORIAL, dictatorial. I should have thought this a misprint, but it occurs twice in Clarissa Harlmve, though I have not the reference to the first pas- sage, as I supposed it to be only a printer's error. Sally was laying out the law, and prating in her usual dictorial manner. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, vi. 107. DIDDER, to shake. See H. He did cast a squinting look upon Goats- nose diddering and shivering his chaps. Urquhart, Rabelais, Bk. III. ch. xx. DIDDLE - DADDLE nonsense, fiddle- faddle. Mrs. Thrale. Oh, a propos, now you have a new edition coming out, why should you not put your name to it ? Miss Burney. O, ma'am, I would not for the world. Mrs. T. And why not ? come let us have done now with all this diddle-daddle. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, i. 108. DIDPLEDOMES, trifles, kickshaws ? When thou findest a goose for thy diet feede him with a dish of diddledomes, for I have done with thee. Breton, Dreame of Stranije Effects, p. 17. DIDLE, to dredge. I should despair of patience to didle in their mud for pearl-muscles. W. lai/lor, 1803 (Robberd's Memoirs, i. 471). DIE-AWAY, languishing. As a girl she had been ... so romantic, with such a soft, sweet, die-away voice. Miss Edgeworth, Helen, ch. xix. Pray do not give us any more of those die- away Italian airs. C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. xiv. DIET. See quotation. I din'd at the Comptroller's [of the House- hold] with the Earle of Oxford and Mr. Ash- burnham ; it was said it should be the last of the public diets or tables at Court, it being determined to put down the old hospitality, at which was great murmuring, considering his Majesties vast revenue and the plenty of the nation. Evelyn, Diary, Aug. 20, 1663. DIETIC, a system of diet. All sudden skinning over or closing of the orifices, by which those sharp humours are obstructed, but not purged, is very dangerous and diffusive of the mischief, making the source of the malignity to flow higher, if it be not drawn away by ... gentle dietics or healing applications. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 397. DIEU-GARD, the oath, " So help me God : " at least this I suppose to be the meaning. " Beck " perhaps signifies tacit assent notified by an inclination o the head. His master Harding could not produce so much as a probability of any vow anciently required or undertaken, whether by beck or Dieu-gard. Bp. Hall, Works, ix. 278. DIFFAMOUSLY, injuriously ; defama- torily. The speaker in the extract is Ralph Allerton when on his trial before Bonner, 1557. Whereupon should your lordship gather or say of me so diffamously ? Maitland on Re- formation, p. 556. DIFFERENCE, a part or division. There bee of times three differences : the first from the creation of man to the Floud or Deluge, . . . the second from the Floud to the first Olympias. . . . Holland's Camden, p. 34. DIFFRACTION, a breaking in pieces : the word is applied to the modifications which light undergoes when turned from its straight course by passing by the edge of an opaque body. It was the ring of Necessity whereby we are all begirt ; happy he for whom a kind heavenly Sun brightens it into a ring of Duty, and plays round it with beautiful prismatic diffractions, yet ever, as basis and as bourne DIGGINGS ( 185 ) DIMMERING for our whole being, it is there. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. II. ch. ii. DIGGINGS, used for any place, from a continent to a man's lodgings. The slang Diet, says, " probably imported from California or Australia with refer- ence to tlie gold diggings ; " but gold was discovered in the first of these piaces in 1847, and in the second in 1851, while the date of the extract is 1843. The expression, however, very likely came from some mines, or per- haps from settlers digging and excavat- ing in a new country. It seems to be of American origin, and an American is supposed to be the speaker in the extract. She won't be taken with a cold chill when she realises what is being done in these dig- yinys ? Dickens, M. Chuzzlewit, ch. xxi. DIGHTLY, handsomely. Though you- depart with grief from or- chards full of fruits, grounds full stocked, houses dightly furnished, purses richly stuffed, from music, wine, junkets, sports, yet go, you must go, every man to his own home. Adams, i. 27. DIGITAL, a finger. Nor, be it here observed, was Mr. Losely one of those beauish brigands who wear tawdry scarfs over soiled linen, and paste rings upon unwashed digitals. Lytton, What will he do with it ? Bk. IV. ch. ix. DIGITIZE, to finger. None but the devil, besides yourself, could have diyitiz'd a pen after so scurrilous a manner. T. Brown, Works, ii. 211. DIGEESS, a digression. Nor let any censure this a digress from my history. Fuller, Ch. Hist., XI. x. 43. DILANIATION, a tearing in pieces. Blessed Ignatius could profess to challenge and provoke the furious lions to his dilania- tion.Bp. Hall, Works, vi. 341. DIL/TOUY, delay. Criminals of that sort should not have any assistance in matters of fact, but defend upon plain truth which they know best, without any dilatories, arts, or evasions. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 285. Causes of this nature are brought, before them by juries or informers, and (bating some dilatories in form, and for reasons to be given) they have no means to connive or stop pro- ceedings at all. Itnd.,Examen, p. 444. DILEMMAED, placed in a dilemma. Like a novel-hero dilemma'd, I made up my mind to be "guided by circumstances." E. A. Poe, Marginalia, Introd. DILETTANTISH. One fond of art, &c., or practising it, but not following it as a profession, is called a dilettante (Ital.). Dilettantish therefore means very much the same as the word with which it is coupled in the extract. You are dilettantish and amateurish. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. xix. DILIGENCE, a sort of stage coach: the name is common in France, but seems to have obtained in England also at one time. If it were possible to send me a line by the diligence to Brighton, how grateful I should be for such an indulgence ! Mad.D'Arblay, Diary, i. 401 (1780). Now Madam says (and what she says must still Deserve attention, say she what she will) That what we call the diligence, be-case It goes to London with a swifter pace, "Would better suit the carriage of your gift, Returning downward with a pace as swift. Cowper, To Mrs. Newton. The driver of the diligence from Darlirgton to Durham happened to be much inebriated. Life of J. Lackinyton, Letter xliv. DILLY-DALLY, to hesitate ; also hesi- tating. What you do, sir, do ; don't stand dilly- dallying. Richardson, Pamela, i. 275. If I had suffered her to stand shilly-shally, dilly-dally, you might not have had that honour yet awhile ; I was forced to use a little fatherly authority to bring her to. Fieldiny, Tom Jones, Bk. XVIII. ch. xii. I knew it could not last knew she'd dilly- dally with Clary till he would turn upon his heel and leave her there. Miss Edyeworth, Belinda, ch. xvii. DILOGICAL, having a double meaning. Some of the subtler have delivered their opinions in such spurious, enigmatical, dilo- gical terms as the devil gave .his oracles. Adams, i. 10. DIMENSION, to measure or space out. I propose to break and enliven it by com- partments in colours, according to the en- closed sketch, which you must adjust and dimension. Walpole, Letters, i. 335 (1754). DIMENSIONS. A death of dimensions = a protracted death. In pain we know the only comfort of yravis is brevis ; if we be in it, to be quickly out of it. This the Cross hath not, but is mors pro- lixa, a death of dimensions, a death long in dying. Andrewes, Sermons, ii. 170. DIMMERING, growing dimmer. He takes an affecting farewell of the sur- rounding scenery of nature, on which his DIMMY ( 186 ) DISALTERN dimmeriny eyes are preparing to close for ever. W. Taylor, Survjy of Germ. Poetry, i. 301. DIMMY, dim. You dimmy clouds, which well employ your staining This chearful Air with your obscured chear, "Witness your woful tears with daily raining. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 441. DIMPLEMENT, dimpling. Thou sitting alone at the glass, Remarking the bloom gone away, Where the smile in its dimplement was. Mrs. Browning, A False Step. DING, to beat into a person ; to con- stantly reiterate. If I'm to have any good, let it come of itself ; not to keep dinging it, dinging it into one so. Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer, Act II. DING-DONG, to ring. First dinner bell rang out its euphonious clang At five folks kept early hours then and the last Diny-donyed, as it ever was wont, at half-past. Ingoldsby Let/ends (Kniyht and Lady). DINGILY, forcibly, as one that dings a thing down. These be so manifest, so plain, and do con- fute so dingily the sentence and saying of Floribell. Philpot, p. 370. DINGING, ringing (of a bell). The din of carts, and the accursed dinging of the dustman's bell. Irving, Sketch itook (Boar's Head Tavern). DINNEBY, pertaining to dinner. I ... disliked the dinnery atmosphere of the salle a manger. Mrs. Gaskell, Curious if True. DIOCESANS, people in .a diocese: its usual meaning is the bishop of a dio- cese. The bishops sold to the curates, and other ecclesiastics their diocesans, this liberty [to keep concubines], which indeed had hitherto been granted them by the first council of Toledo. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. II. ch.vii., note. Middlefcon is said to bear his mitre high in India, where the regni novitas (I dare say) sufficiently justifies the bearing. A humility quite as primitive as that of Jewel or Hooker might not be exactly fitted to impress the minds of those Anglo- Asiatic diocesans with a reverence for home institutions. Lamb, Essays of Elia (Christ's Hospital). Faithful lovers who . . . are content to rank themselves humble diocesans of old Bishop Valentine. Ibid. ( Valentine's Day). DIOGENICALLY, cynically ; after the manner of Diogenes. Their other qualities are to despise riches, not Diogemcally, but indolently, to be sober, &c. Misson, Travels in Eny., p. 154. DIPHRELATIC, chariot -driving (Gr. SlippoQ e\avvtii). Under this eminent man, whom in Greek I coguominated Cyclops diphrelates (Cyclops the charioteer), I, and others known to me, studied the diphrelatic art. De Qziincey, Eny. Mail Coach. DIRECT, direction. " Behold ! " is like John Baptist in Holy Writ, evermore the avant-courier of some excellent thing It is a direct, a refer- ence, a dash of the Holy Ghost's pen. Adams, ii. 110. DIRECTORIZE, to bring under the Presbyterian Directory for Public Worship. These were to do the Journey-work of Presbytery, . . . undertaking to Directorize, to Unliturgize, to Catechize, and to Disci- plinize their Brethren. Gaiulen, Tears of the Church, p. 609. DlRGEFUL, moaning ; lamenting. And there, soothed sadly by the dirgeful wind, Muse on the sore ills I had left behind. Coleridge, Monody on Chatterton. DISABLENESS, impotence. When his life's sun is ready to set, he marries, and is then knocked with his own weapon ; his own disahleness and his wife's youthfulness. like bells, ringing all in. Adams, i. 493. DISACCOMPANIED, unaccompanied. To dismisse his forces he was content, or any thing else the King would command him, so it were with the safety of his life and honour ; but to come disaccompanied was for neither. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 10. DISAGREEABILITY, unpleasantness. He, long-sighted and observant, had seen through it sufficiently to read all the depres- sion of countenance which some immediate disagreeability had brought on. Mad. D'Ar- blay, Diary, iii 334. DISAGREEABLES (used as a subst.), annoyances. I had all the merit of a temperance mar- tyr without any of its disagreeables. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xiv. DIRALTERN, to change for the worse. But must I ever grind? and must I earn Nothing but stripes ? O wilt Thou di saltern The rest Thou gav'st? Quarles, Emblems, iii. 4. DISAPRONED ( 187 ) DISCIPLINE DISAPRONED, without an apron. I entered the main street of the place, and saw . . . the aproned or disaproned Burghers moving-in to breakfast. Carlyle, Oartor Resartus, Bk. II. ch. iii. DISARCHBISHOP, to deprive of the status of archbishop. So after that "We had to disarchbishop and unlord, And make you simple Cranmer once again. Tennyson, Queen Mary, iv. 2. DISASINATED, deprived of the asinine nature. I saw you somewhat earnest in banding arguments with that asse, but how have you sped ? doth he desire to be disasinated and become man again ? Howell, Parly of Iteasts, p. 28. DISASSENT. disagree from ; deny : the Diets, have the word as a subst. I disassent that this example and the like ought to bee drawen in consequence. Hud- soil's Judith (To the Reader). DISATTUNE, to put out of harmony. Thus ever bringing before the mind of the harassed debtor images at war with love and with the poetry of life, he disattuned it, so to speak, for the reception of Nora's letters, all musical as they were with such thoughts as the most delicate fancy inspires to the most earnest love. Lytton, My Novel, Bk. XI. ch. xvi. DISAUGMENT, to decrease. There should I find that everlasting treasure, Which force deprives not, fortune disauy- ments not. Qiuirles, Emblems, v. 13. DISAVAIL, to be of no service. Avail you ! dear Miss Byron ! I have pride, madam, . . . but give me leave to say (and he reddened with anger) that, my fortune, my descent, and my ardent affection for you considered, it may not disavail you. Rich- ardson, Grandison, i. 124. " I am an Euglishman, gentlemen," said I, judging, if Austrians, as I supposed they were, that plea would not disavail me. Ibid. ii. 54. DISAVAIL, loss. If subjects' peace and glorie be the King's, And their disgrace and strife his disavaile, Then O let my weake words strongly prevaile. Dames, Microcosmos, p. 11. DISEASE, to debase, for which Mr. Dyce thinks it may be meant. First will I die in thickest of my foe, Before I will disease mine honour so. Greene, Alphonsus, Act V. DISBURSE, payment. Come, there is Some odd disburse, some bribe, some gratu- lance, "Which makes you lock up leisure. Machin, Dumb Kniyht, Act V. The annual rent to be received for all those lands, after 20 years would abundantly pay the public for the first disburses. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 342. DISCAGED, uncaged. Iu me put force To weary her ears with one continuous prayer, Until she let me fly discayed to sweep Iu ever-highering eagle-circles up To the great Sun of Glory. Tennyson, Gareth and Lynette. . DISCARD. In the extracts discard is used in a peculiar construction. I only discard myself of those things that are noxious to my body, and scandalous to my nature. Gentleman Instructed, p. 293. The old man's avarice discarded him of all the sentiments of a parent. Ibid. p. 492. DISCASK, to turn out of a cask. No Tunny is suffered to be sold at Venice, vnlesse first discaskt, and searcht to the bot- tome. Sandys, Travels, p. 239. DISCEDE, to depart. I dare not discede from my copy a tittle. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. iv. 16. I doe highly approve, that there should be a certain form of prayer and ecclesiasticall rites, from which it should not be lawf ull for the pastors themselves to discede. Ibid. VII. ii. 18. DISCENTINE, lineal; in regular descent. [I will] also acquaint you with the notable immunities, franchises, and privileges she is endowed with, beyond all her confiners, by the discentine line of Kings from the Con- quest. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 149). DISCIPLINATE, to discipline. The word is put in the mouth of a pedantic schoolmaster. A pedagogue, one not a little versed in the disciplinating of the Juvenal frie. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 619. DISCIPLINE. The name given by the Puritans to their regimen. See extract from Heylin s. v. DISSENT. This heat of his may turn into a zeal, And stand up for the beauteous discipline Against the menstruous cloth and rag of Rome. Jonson, Alchemist, iii. 1. Now the blaze of the beauteous discipline fright away this evil from our house. Ibid., Bart. Fair, i. 1. DISC1PLINIZE ( 1 88 ) DISEMBRUTE DISCIPLINIZE, to bring under dis- cipline. See extract s. v. DIRECTORIZE. DISCLOISTERED, released from the cloister, or from monastic vows: the extract refers to nuns. They fell a murmuring and a humming at the solitude and hardships of that holy pro- fession, and to think too often on man with inordinat desires to be diacloysterd, and lead a more dissolut and free unbridled life. Howell, Parly of easts, p. 134. DlSCOLORlSATlON, discoloration ; stain. The shadow of the archway, the discolorisa- tions of time on all the walls, . . . made St. Quentin's Castle a wonderful and awful fabric in the imagination of a child. Car- lyle, Life of Sterling, Pt. I. ch. iii. DlSCOLOURATE, to discolour. The least mixture of civil concernment in religious matters so discolourated the Chris- tian candor and purity hereof, that they ap- peared in a temporal hue. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. iii. 31. DISCONCERT, disturbance = discon- certion is in the Diets. The waltzers perforce ceased their evolu- tions, and there was a brief disconcert of the whole grave company. E. A. Poe, Masque of the Red Death. DISCONFORM, to differ from. Judge more charitably than to think that they do it only out of crossness to disconform to your practise. Racket, Life of Williams, i. 212. DISCONTENTEE, a discontented person. The priests and Jesuits, especially the latter, traded much in conventicles and among the discontentees, the very party his Lordship headed. North, Examen, p. 55. DISCORPORATE, disembodied. Instead of the seven corporate selfish spirits, we have the four and twenty millions of discorporate selfish. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 193. DISCOURAGE, to lose courage. Because that poore Churche shulde not utterly discourage, in her extreme adversitees, the Sonne of God hath taken her to His spowse. Vocaeyon of Johan Hale, 1553 (Harl. Misc., vi. 464). DISCOURT, to dismiss from Court or Court favour. R. gives a quotation from Speed, to whom he seems to think the word is peculiar. It behoves his Majesty to uphold the Duke against them, who, if he be but dis- courted, it will be the corner-stone on which the demolishing of his monarchy will be builded. Heylin, Life of Laud, p. 151. DISCREATE, to uncreate, reduce to chaos. But both vniting their diuided zeals, Took up the matter, and appeas'd the brail, Which doubtless else had discreated all. Sylvester, second day, first weeke, 318. DISCREET, separate. What the Halls in Cambridge wanted of Oxford in number, they had in greatness ; so that what was lost in discrete was found in continued quantity. Fuller, Hist, of Camb. ii. 22. DISCRETE, apparently an official title. Though they have no worldly honours, Yet nether kynges ne emperonrs, Nor wother states of the temperalte, Have soche stryfe in their provision As observauntes in their religion, With dedly hatred and enmyte To be made confessors and preachers, Wardens, discretes, and ministers, And wother offices of prelacy. Hoy and Barlow, Eede me and be nott wroth, p. 90. DISCRETION. To yield or surrender at discretion is a common phrase ; to be at discretion is not so usual, though of course it means the same thing, i. e. to be at the disposal of the conqueror, as he may think fit. If she stays to receive the attack, she is in danger of being at discretion. Gentleman Instructed, p. 154. DISCRIMINATION, a quarrel (a Latin- ism). Eeproaches and all sorts of unkind dis- criminations succeeded. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 16. DISCRUCIATE, to torture. Sorrowes divided amongst many, lesse Discruciate a man in deep distresse. Herrick. Hesperides, p. 257. Discuss, to shake off, and so, to finish. I make no doubt but that in a day or two this troublesome business may be discussed ; and in this hope we are preparing for our journey. Smollett, Humphrey Clinker, i. 177. DISCUSTOMED, unaccustomed. If now no more my sacred rimes distil With artless ease from my disntstom'd quill : If now the laurell that but lately shaded My heating temples, be disleav'd and vaded ; Blame these sad times. Sylvester, Tlie Arke, 2. DISEMBRUTE, to humanise. Friend. According to your notion of hero- ism, that boor and barbarian, Peter Alexio- DISENCOURAGE ( 189 ) DJSHERBAGE. witz of Russia, was the greatest hero that ever lived. Author. True, my friend, for of a numerous people he disembruted every one except him- self. if. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 71. DISENCOURAGE, to discourage ; R. has disencouragement. Come on then, poor Fan ! the world has acknowledged you my offspring, and I will disencouraye you no more. Mad. D'Arblay's Diary, vi. 243. DISFAME, ill reputation. And what is Fame in life but half disfame, And counterchanged with darkness ? Tennyson, Merlin and Vivien. DISFERTILE, to make barren. O chastisement most deadly-wonderf all ! Th' Heaven-cindred cities a broad standing pool Ore-flowes (yet flowes not) whose infectious breath Corrupts the age. and earth disfertileth. Sylvester, The location, 1347. DISFLOWERED, stript of. flowers. Cf. DlSLEAVE. Our disflowred trees, our fields hail-torn, Our empty ears, our light and blasted corn, Presage us famine. iSylvestei; The Magnificence, 1238. DEFORESTATION, clearing forest- ground of trees, and throwing it into open country or cultivation. The word occurs again in Daniel's Hist., p. 118, margin. The allowance of what disforrestation had heretofore been made was earnestly urged. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 167. DISFRAUGHT, to unf reight, discharge. Having disfrauyhted and unloaded his lug- gage, to supper he sets himself downe like a lorde. Naahe, Lenten Stuff (Harl. Misc., vi. 179). DISFURNISHMENT, bareness, stripping. And so the State (having all the best strength exhausted, and none, or small sup- plies from the Romans) lay open to the rapine and spoyle of their northern enemies, who taking the advantage of this disfurnish- ment, never left till they had reduced them to extreme miseries. Daniel, Hist, of Eny., p. 5. DISGOUTED, released from gout. Lord M. looked horribly glum ; his fingers claspt, and turning round and round, under and over, his but just disyouted thumb. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, vi. 227. DISGOWN, to throw off a gown, and so to renounce Holy Orders. Then, desiring to be a convert, he was reconciled to the Church of Rome ; so he disyawned and put on a sword. North, Ex- atnen, p. 222. DISGRACE, to put out of countenance, to cause another to appear inferior. In thee [Countess of Pembroke] the Les- bian Sappho with her lyric harpe is disyraced. Nashe, 1591 (Eny. Garner, i. 500). DISGRACIATELY, disgracefully. All this he would most disyraciately ob- trude. North, Examen, p. 28. DISHABITABLE, uninhabitable. I know I can expresse my duty in nothing more then iutreatiug your lordship not to beleeve those false reports, which do as much make London dishabitable as the plague wont to do. Ld. Falkland to Earl of Cumberland, 1642, p. 5. DISHALLOW, to make unholy, to pro- fane. As the altar.cannot 'sanctify the priest, so nor can the unholiness of the priest dishallow the_altar. Adams, ii. 289. Ye that so dishallow the holy sleep, Your sleep is death. Tennyson, Pelleas and Ettare. DISHAUNT, to shun. So wisely she dishaunted the resort Of such as were suspect of light report. Hudson, Judith, iv. 125. DISHEART, to dishearten. When, therefore, divine justice sinne wil scurge, He doth dishart their harts in whom it raignes. Davies, Microcosmos, p. 42. DISHED, done for (slang). He was completely dished he could never have appeared again the rest of his days must probably have been passed in the King's Bench. Nares, Thinks I to Myself, i. 208. I would advise her blackaviced suitor to look out ; if another comes with a longer or clearer rent-roll, he's dished. C. ISronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xix. !J? DISHERBAGE, to deprive of grass or herbage. The first part of the quota- tion is portion of an inflated speech made by a rhetorician to Antigonus, wholturned it into ridicule. Perhaps Udal uses disherbage as a strange term, representing the affectedness of the original. " The "snowe casting season nowe coming in place hath made this climate vtterly.desti- tute of herbage, or hath brought this climate to clene disherbayeiny." . . . These wordes, XtnrofioTuvflv iiroirjfftt that is,"hath brought D1SHERO ( 19 ) DISMEMBER this climate to clene disherbayeiny." smellen all of the iukehorue. Udcil's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 243. DlSHERO, to make unheroic. Thfre is a hypothesis now current, due probably to some man of name, for its own force would not carry it far, that Mr. Lock- hart at heart has a dislike to Scott, aud has done his best in an underhand, treacherous manner, to dish era him. Carlyle, Misc., IV. 143. DISHWASH, dishwater. Their fathers, their grandfathers, and their great-grandfathers . . . were scullions, dish- trash, and durty draffe. NasJie, Lenten Stitjfe (Marl. Misc., vi. 180). DISIMFRISON, to set at liberty. French Eevolution means here the open, violent rebellion and victory of disimprisoned anarchy against corrupt, worn-out authority. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. VI. ch. j. Probably there is much light waiting us in, these notes of his, were they once disim- prisoned into general legibility. Hid., Misc., iv. 312. DISINDIVIDUALIZE, to deprive of in- dividuality, to divest of character. He was answered by Miss de Bassompierre in quite womanly sort ; with intelligence, with a manner not indeed wholly disindividn- alized : a tone, a glance, a gesture . . . still recalled little Polly. Miss JJ route, 1'illette, ch. xxv. DISINVIGORATE, to weaken or relax. This soft, aud warm, and disinviyoratiny climate. Sydney Smith, Letters, 1844. DISJUNE, breakfast = a corruption of the French dejeuner. See extract from Nashes Lenten Stuffe s. v. ORENGE. I remember his sacred Majesty King Charles when he took his disjune at Tillie- tudlem. Scott, Old Mortality, ch. iii. DISKNOW, to disown, fail to recognize. And when He shall (to light thy siufull load) Put manhood on, disknow him not for God. Sylvester, The Lawe, 851. DISLAWYER, to deprive of the status of a lawyer ; to deny a man's legal ability. In the meantime vilifications plenty ; those were at their tongue's end. He was neither courtier nor lawyer ; which his lordship hear- ing, he smiled saying, That they might well make him a whore master when they had dislaicyered him. A'orth, Life of Lord Guil- ford, if. 237. DISLEAVE, to strip of leaves. See quotation s v. DISCUSTOMED. There Auster never roars, nor hail disleaues Th' immortal groue, nor any branch bereaues. Sylvester, The Magnificence, 666. DISLIKE, unlike. Two states then there be after death, and these two disjoined in place, dislike in con- dition. Andrewes, Sermons, ii. 82. DISLINK, to disjoin, to separate. And there a group of girls In circle waited, whom the electric shock Dislink'd with shrieks and laughter. Tennyson, Princess, Prologue. DISLOKE, to dislocate. His bones and joints from whence they whilom e stood With rackings quite dislokcd and distracted. Davies, Holy Roode, p. 20. DISMAL, to feel dismal or melancholy. Miss L. sung various old elegies of Jack- son, Dr. Harrington, and Linley, and O! how I dismalled in hearing them. Mad. VAr- llay, Diary, i. 344. DISMALITY, a melancholy thing. Hang dismality, leave that to parsons. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 164. What signifies dwelling upon such dismal- ities ? If I think upon my ruin beforehand, I am no nearer to enjoyment now than then. Mad. D'Arllay, Camilla, Bk. VI. ch. xiv. DlSJIALNESS, gloom. Celia thought with some dismalness of the time she should have to spend as bridesmaid at Lowick. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. ix. DISMALS. In the first two extracts = mourning garments ; in the other = melancholy. What a charming widow would she have made ! how would she have adorned the weeds ! . . . Such pretty employment in new dismals, wheu she had hardly worn round her blazing joyfuls. Richardson, Cl. Har- loire, vii. 171. As my lady is decked out in her dismals, perhaps she may take a fancy to faint. Foote, Trip to Calais, Act III. He comes, and seems entirely wrapt up in the. dismals : what can be the matter now ? Ibid., The Liar, Act II. DISMEMBER, to deprive of a seat in Parliament. The word is used pun- ningly in the first extract. O House of Commons, House of Lords, Amend before September : For 'tis decreed your souldiers' swords Shall then you all dismember. Needham, Enq. Rebellion, 1661 (Harl. Misc., ii. 522). The parliament met, and at the very first the new members were attacked ; for one stood up and recommended it to their DISMINISTERED ( 191 ) DISPENSATIVE. modesty to withdraw while the state of their election was under debate ; as they did, and were soou dismembered by vote of the house. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 163. Since I have dismembered myself, it is incredible how cool I am to all politics. Walpole, Letters, iii. 290 (1769). DISMINISTERED, freed from the habits of a minister. Can you think . . . him [Lord Orford] so totally ditminiitered as to leave all thoughts of what he has been, and ramble like a boy after pictures and statues ? Walpole to Mann, i. 280 (1743). DISNATURALISE, to make strange or foreign. There is this to be said in favour of retain- ing the usual form and pronunciation of this well-known name [JobJ, that if it were dis- naturalised and put out of use, an etymology in our language would be lost sight of. For a job in the working or operative sense of the word is evidently something which it requires patience to perform ; in the physical and moral sense, as when, for example, in the language of the vulgar, a personal hurt or misfortune is called a bad job, it is some- thing which it requires patience to supporb ; and in the political sense it is something which it requires patience in the public to endure ; and in all these senses the origin of the word must be traced to Job, who is the proverbial exemplar of this virtue. This derivation has escaped Johnson ; nor has that lexicographer noticed the substantives jobing and jobation, and the verb to jobe, all from the same root, and familiar in the mouths of the people. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxv. DISNOUNCE, to tell thoroughly : prob- ably meant for a blunder = announce, the speaker being an old shepherd. Here is a substantial school-master can better disnounce the whole foundation of the matter. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 619. DISOBEDIENTIABY, a rebel. I pray God amend them, or else I fear they be ... sly, wily disobedientiaiies to all good orders. Latimer, ii. 389. DISOFFICE, to turn out of office. O very wise Parliament! can you teach one how to piece liberty and this covenant together;* for all that refuse it must be sequestred, imprisoned, disqfficed. Hacket, Life of Williams, ir. 200. DISPACK, to open or unpack. Whether when God the mingled lump dis- packt, From fiery element did light extract. Sylvester, first day, first weeke, 518. DISPANGLE, to spangle (distribu- tively). The extract is from an edi- tion of the poem published with the thirteenth edition of the Arcadia, 1674. But in the edition of 1698, reprinted in Arber's Eng. Garner, vol. i., the last line begins, " But for to spangle." Though dusky wits dare scorn Astrologie, And fools can think those Lamps of purest light, Whose numbers, waies, greatness, eternity, Promising wonders, wonders do inuite ; To have for no cause birthright in the skie, But to dispanyle the black weeds of night. Sidney, Astrophel and Stella, st. 26. DISPARENT, variable ; of diverse ap- pearance. Nor useth our most inimitable imitator of nature this cross and deformed mixture of his parts more to colour and avoid too broad a taxation of so eminent a person, than to follow the true life of nature, beiug often or always expressed so disparent in her crea- tures. Chapman, Iliad, Bk. II., Comment. DISPARPLE, to disperse. H. gives the word as occurring in Lydgate, but without further reference. It. has dis- perpled. Her wav'ring hair disparpling flew apart In seemly shed. Hudson, Judith, iv. 339. DISPATHY, difference of feeling ; the reverse of sympathy, but not so strong a word as antipathy. He was a cruel experimentalist, and the dispathy which this must have excited in our friend, whose love of science, ardent as it was, never overcame the sense of humanity, would have counteracted the attraction of any intellectual powers, however brilliant. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ixxxv. It is excluded from our reasonings by our dispathies. Pali/rave, Hist, of Norm, and Eng. (1857), ii. 110. DISPENCE, to make use of, as one who dispenses abroad what he has ac- quired (?) ; or, dispense with (?) ; but this last hardly seems the meaning. Excellent devices being used to make even their sports profitable ; images of battels and fortifications being then delivered to their memory, which after, their stronger judge- ments might dispence. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 122. DISPEND WITH, to dispense with. If a present punishment be suspended, the future shall never be dispended icith. Adams, i. 185. DISPENSATIVE, a preservative. The Diets, only have it as an adj., but Fuller (Worthies, Norfolk, ii. 140) DISPERSED ( 192 ) DISSATISFACTORY mentions a book by Henry Howard, afterwards E. of Northampton, called, " A Despensative against the Poyson of supposed Prophesies." DISPERSED, dishevelled. Come, mournful dames, lay off your broid- er'd locks, Aiid 011 your shoulders spread dispertkd hairs. Greene, Looking Glass for Eny., p. 142. DISPIKIT, to disperse ; cause to per- vade. Proportion an houres meditation to an houres readiag of a staple authour. This makes a man masti-r of Ids learning, and dispirits the book iuto the Scholar. Fuller, Holy State, III. xviii. 5. DISPIRITMENT, despondency. Ah! what faiut broken quaver is that in the shout ; as of a mau that shouted with the throat only, and inwardly was bowed down with dispiritment. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 219. DISPOPE, to deprive of popedorn. Dost thou scorn me, Because I had my Canterbury pallium From one whom they dispoped ? Tennyson, Harold, III. i. DISPOSITIONS!), disposed. Lord Clinton was icdeed sweetly disposi- tioned by nature. H. Brooke, Fool of (quality, ii. 150. DISPOSORIES, espousal. The Princess also had begun to draw the letters which she intended to have written the day of her disposories to the prince her husband, and the King her father in law. Heylin, Life of Laud, p. 115. DISPOST, to drive from a post or position. Now, thinke thou see'st this Soule of sacred zeale, This kindling Cole of flaming Charitie Disposted all in post. Dames, Holy Roode, p. 12. DISPRAISABLE, blamable ; illaudable. It is dispraisfible either to be senseless or fenceless. Adams, ii. 462. DISPRINCED, deprived of princely honour or appearance. For I was drenched with ooze, and torn with briers, More crumpled than a poppy from the sheath, And all one rag, disprinred from head to heel. Tennyson, Princess, v. DISPULVKRATE, scatter in dust. Confusion shall dispulverate All that this round Orbiculer doth beare. Davies, Holy Roode, p. 13. DISPUTE, contest in warfare. Chichester . . . had received some soldiers of His Majesty's party, who either were too few to keep it, or found it not tenable enough to make any resistance. "\Valler presents himself before it, and without any great dis- pute, becomes master of it. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 451. The four men of war made sail for the forts, against which we anchored about one in the afternoon ; and after four hours' dis- pute went to the westward. ftetakimj of St. Helena, 1673 (Arber, Eny. Garner, i. 61). DISQUISITION, search ; usually only applied to mental investigation. On their return from a disquisition as fruit- less as solicitous, nurse declared her appre- hensions that Harry had gone off with a little favourite boy whom he had taken into service. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 82. DISRANGE, throw out of rank. The Norman horsmen . . . retired. . . . The Englishmen, supposing them to flie, presently disranyed themselves, and in disray pressed hard upon the enemies. Holland's Camden. p. 317. DISRAIE, to throw into confusion. The English men, supposing now that they turned backe and fled, . . . display their ranks, and being thus disraied,presse hard upon their enemies. . . . The Normans casting them- selves suddenly againe into array, charge the English afresh, and thus setting upon them being scattered, and out of order, . . . made an exceeding great slaughter of them. Hol- land's Camden, p. 151. Have these so yong and weak Disrayed their ranks. Sylvester, The Decay, 1124. DISRELISHABLE, distasteful. That the match with the Spanish princess should be intended no more was disrelishable, because he esteemed her nation above any other to be full of honour in their friendship. Racket, Life of Williams, i. 78. DISRESPECTABILITY, that which is dis- reputable ; blackguardism. Her taste for disrespectability grew more and more remarkable. Thackeray, Vanity Fair, ch. Ixiv. DISRESPECTABLE, a mild word for con- temptible. It requires a man to be some disrespectable, ridiculous Boswell before he can write a tolerable life. Carlyle, Diamond Necklace, ch. i. DISSATISFACTORY, unsatisfactory. She then a little embarrassed me by an inquiry, " why Major Phillips went to Ire- DI&SAVAGE ( '93 ) DISTRAIT land ? " for my answer . . . seemed dissatisfac- tory. Mad. IfArblay, Diary, vi. 146. DISSAVAGK, to civilize. Those wilde kingdomes Subdued to Rome by my vnwearied tpyles ; "Which I dissavag'd and made nobly ciuilL Chapman, Casar and Pompey, Act I. DISSEASON, to spoil the flavour of something. That sea was found to be higher then Egypt, which made them misdoubt that it would either drowne the countrey, or else by mixing with the Nilus disseason his waters. Sandys, Travels, p. 106. DISSECTION, dissected portion, seg- ment. All his kindnesses are not only in their united form?, but in their several dissections fully commendable. Sidney, Defence of Poesie, p. 554. DISSELF, to put one beside oneself, to stupefy. Whence comes This shivering winter that my soule benums, Freezes my senses, and disselfs me so "With drousie poppy, not myself to knowe S* Sylvester, The Trophies, 1116. DISSEMBLEABLE, having a deceptive appearance. As he that said by himselfe and his wife, I thanke God in fortie winters that we haue liued together, neuer any of our neighbours set us at one, meaning that they neuer fell out in all that space, which had bene the directer speech and more apart, and yet by intendment amounts all to one, being neuer- thelesse dissembleable, and in effect contrary. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xix. DISSENT, to differ in opinion from ; possibly the omission of the preposition may be a printer's error. "Which makes it seem the greater wonder in our English Puritans, that following him so closely in pursuit of the discipline, . . . and pertinaciously adhering to his doctrine of predestination, they should so visibly dissent him in the point of the Sabbath. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 27. DISSENTERISM, nonconformity. He . . . tried to lay plans for his campaign and heroic desperate attempts to resuscitate the shop-keeping Dissenterism of Carlingford into a lofty Nonconformist ideal. Mrs. Oli- phant, Salem Chapel, ch. iii. DISSEVERMENT, sundering. He who is taken out to pass through a fair scene to the scaffold, thinks not of the flowers that smile on his road, but of the block and axe-edge, of the disseverment of bone and vein. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxvii. DISSHIVER, to break in pieces. And shieldes disshyueriny cracke. Webbe, Eng. Poetrie, p. 50. DISSIMULATE, to dissemble, conceal. Public feeling required the meagreness of nature to be disiimulated by tall barricades of frizzed curls and bows. G. Eliot, Middle- march, ch. iii. DISSIMULATOR, dissembler. Dissimulator as I was to others, I was like a guilty child before the woman I loved. Lytton, Pelhani, ch. Ixvii. DISSITE, distant. Britaine . . . Far dissite from this world'of ours, wherein we ever dwelt. Holland's Camden, p. 46. DISSOCIAL, divisive ; one who breaks up sociality. A dissocial man ? Dissocial enough ; a natural terror and horror to all phantasms, being himself of the genus reality. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VII. ch. ii. DISSOLVE, to kill ; to produce dissolu- tion. His death came from a sudden catarrh which caused a squinancy by the inflamma- tion of the interiour muscles, and a shortness of breath followed which dissolved him in the space of twelve hours. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 227. DISTANCELESS, dull ; without any dis- tant prospect. The weather that day . . was truly national ; a silent, Aim,distanceless,rottiQg day in March. C. Kingsley, Yeast, ch. i. DISTILLATION, cold in the head (?), from the running that accompanies it. It [exercise injudiciously used] bredeth Rheumes. Catarrhs and distillations, it maketh heavye, and bringeth oppilation to the lyeuer. Touchstone of Complexions, p. 104. DISTINCTIFY, to make distinct. The passage is quoted by W. Proctor from "an American pamphlet." So could the same artificial light, passed through the faintest focal object of a tele- scope, both distinctify (to coin a new word for an extraordinary occasion) and magnify its feeblest component members. Proctor, Myths and Marvels of Astronomy, p. 247. DISTRAIN, restraint. The King's highness (God save his grace !) did decree that all admitted of universities should preach throughout all his realm as long as they preached well, without distrain of any man. Latimer, ii. 329. DISTRAIT, absent; distracted in thought : a French word that may be o DISTRIBUTIONIST ( 194 ) DIVISIONATE considered naturalized, and is so used in the extract. And then she got Grace supper, and tried to make her talk ; but she was distrait, re- served. C. Kiiiysley, Two Years Ago, ch. xxvi. DISTRIBUTIONIST, one employed in distribution. The distributionists trembled, for their popularity was at stake. . . The popularity of the distribution society among the ladies of our parish is unprecedented. Sketches by Boz (Ladies' Societies). DISTROUBANCE, disturbance. They that come to the Church for to pray devoutly to the Lord God, may in their in- ward wits be the more fervent, that all their outward wits be closed from all outward see- ing and hearing, and from all distroubance and lettings. Exam, of W. Thorpe (Bale, Select Works, p. 96). DISTROUBLER, troubler ; disturber. After thy knowledge and power thou shalt enforce thee to withstand all such distroublers of Holy Church. Exam, of William. Thorpe (Bale, Select Works, p. 75). DISVELOPE, disclose, unwrap. Which bloody resolution, since the time wherein those black thoughts disveloped themselves by action, she hath under her hand confirmed. The Unhappy Marksman, 1659 (Harl. Misc., iv. 3). DISVENTUROUS, disastrous. The whole mischief comes upon us to- gether, like kicks to a cur; and would to God this disventurous adventure that threat- ens us may end in no worse. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. II. Bk. IV. ch. xvi. DISWHIPPED, deprived of a whip. Is it peace of a father restored to his children, or of a taskmaster who has lost his whip ? . . . Or, alas ! is it neither restored father, nor diswhipped taskmaster that walks there, but an anomalous complex of both these? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. i. DISWINDOWED, with the windows'de"- stroyed. Ghastly chateaus stare on you by the way- side, disroofed, disieindowed. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. vii. DISWINGED, deprived of wings. But indeed what of Du Barry? A foul worm, hatched by royal heat, on foul com- posts, into a flaunting butterfly; now dis- winyed, and again a worm. Carlyle, Diamond Necklace, ch. iii. DITE, saying. Which dite Paul seemeth to have taken out of the prophecies of Daniel. Philpot, p. DITTON, ditty. Pantagruel for an eternal memorial wrote this victorial ditton. Urquharts Rabelais, Bk. II. ch. xxvii. DITTOS, a suit of the same colour throughout. A sober suit of brown or snuff-coloured dittos such as beseemed his profession. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ivi. DIVE-DOPPEL, the dive-dapper or dab- chick. Then once again kneel ye down, and up again like dive-doppels. Becon, iii. 276. DIVELLICATE, to tear or lacerate. The speaker is Colonel Bath, of whom it is said (Bk. III. ch. viii.) "all his words are not to be found in a dic- tionary." My brother told me you had used him dishonestly, and had divellicated his character behind his back. Fielding, Amelia, Bk. V. ch. vi. DIVERBERATE, to strike through. These cries for blamelesse blood diuerberate The high resounding Heau'n's convexitie. Davies, Holy Roode, p. 14. DIVERTMENT, avocation. The prosequution of a full establishment thereof was neither by him or his successors (hauing other diuertments) euer throughly accomplished. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 83. DIVESTED, vested. The word, of course, has usually the opposite mean- ing ; it may be a misprint, or it may refer to God transferring part of His authority to kings as His vicegerents. Insurrections against that authority which was divested by God in His Majesty's person. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 333. DIVESTITURE, putting off; depriva- tion. He is sent away without remedy, with a divestiture from his pretended Orders. Bp. Hall, Works, x. 226. DlVEXITY. His haire, gold's quintessence, ten times re- fin'd, (In substance far more subtill than the wind) Doth glorifie that Heau'n's Divexity, His head, where Wit doth raigne inuincibly. Davies, Wittes Pilyrimaye, p. 30. DIVISIONATE, to divide: a pedantic schoolmaster is the speaker. First, you must divisionate your point [of argument], quasi you should cut a chees into two particles, . . . which must also be sub- divisionated into three equal species. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 622. DIVISIVENESS ( 195 ) DOCTRINARITY DIVISIVENESS, tendency to division. So invincible is man's tendency to unite, with all the invincible divisiveness he has. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. III. ch. i. DIZAIN, a poem of ten stanzas, each of ten lines. Strephon again began this dizain. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 217. Do, a cheat or fraud (slang). I thought it was a do to get me out of the house. Sketches by Boz (Brokers Man). Do, trouble ; fuss. Ado is not un- common. Lord, what is man, either Adam or Abra- ham, that Thou shouldest be thus mindful of him, or the seed or sons of either, that Thou shouldest make this do about him? An- drewes, Sermons, i. 14. What a deal a do was here to bring one innocent man to his grave ! Fuller, Pisyah Siffht, IV. ii. 27. To my accounts, but Lord ! what a deal of do I have to understand any part of them. Pepys, March 31, 1666. To Gresham College, where a great deal of do and formality in choosing of the Council and officers. Ibid. April 11, 1666. DOABLE, possible ; capable of being done. John Holies indignantly called it political simony, this selling of honours; which in- deed it was ; but what then ? It was doable, it was done for others. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 316. DOATING-PIECE, a darling. " Pride and perverseness," said he, " with a vengeance ! yet this is your doating-piece." Richardson, Pamela, i. 68. DOCK, properly the stump left when a tail has been docked, and so the seat of honour. A breech close unto his dock, Haudsom'd with a long stock. Greene, Description of Gmcer, p. 320. Their crupper is a stick of a yard's length put across their docks. Modern, Description of Scotland, 1670 (Harl. Misc., vi. 137). DOCTOR, to adulterate. She doctor'd the punch, and she doctored the negus, Taking care not to put in sufficient to flavour it. Ingoldsby Legends (Housewarming). The Cross Keys . . . had doctored ale, an odour of bad tobacco, and remarkably strong cheese. G. Eliot, Felix Holt, ch. xxviii. DOCTOR, to call or make a doctor. Honor. He never was a raal counsellor, sure, nor jantleman at all. Phil. Oh, counshillor by courtesy he was an attorney once jurt as we doctor the apotecary. Miss Edgeworth, Love and Law, i. 1. I am taking it into serious deliberation whether I shall or shall not be made a Doctor, and ... I begin to think that no man who deliberates is likely to be Doctored. Southey, Letters, 1820 (iii. 196). DOCTOR. To p^^t the doctor on an- other = to cheat him. The allusion, perhaps, is to false dice, which are called doctors. Perhaps ways and means may be found to put the doctor upon the old prig. T. Brown, Works, i. 236. DOCTORS. The three doctors in the extracts were proverbially famous. After those two, Doctor Diet and Doctor Quiet, Doctor Merriman is requisit to pre- serve health. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 23. Col. Well, after all, kitchen physick is the best physick. Lord Sm. And the best doctors in the world are Doctor Diet, Doctor Quiet, and Doctor Merriman. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). DOCTORS, false dice. Now, Sir, here is your true dice, a man seldom gets anything by them ; here is your false, Sir ; hey, how they run ! Now, Sir, those we generally call doctors. Centlivre, Gamester, Act I. Here, said he, taking some dice out of his pocket, here's the stuff ; here are the imple- ments ; here are the little doctors which cure the distempers of the purse. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. VIII. ch. xii. DOCTOR'S STUFF, medicine : in the extract from Barham, poison. The man said, " Then it must be as it pleased God, for he could not take Doctor's stuff, if he died for it." Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. X. ch. xvii. I know not what she heard or saw, but fury fill'd her eye, She bought some nasty doctor 1 s-stujf, and put it in a pie. Ingoldsly Legends (Nell Cook). He always remembers when I've got to take my doctor's stuff, and I'm taking three sorts now. G. Eliot, Mill on the Floss, Bk. I. ch. ix. DOCTRINARITY, stiff pedantry or dog- matism. Little says that doctrinaire was " terme politique introduit sous la Restauration (1814 30). Homme politique dont les idees subordonnees a un ensemble de doctrines etoient semi- liberales et semi-conservatives. Guixot is cited as an example of a doctrinaire, o 2 DOCUMENTATION ( 196 ) DOG-MAN The word is now always used disparag- ingly. Excess in doctrinarity and excess in ear- nestness are threatening to set their mark on the new political generation. Lord Stranyford, Letters and Papers, p. 235 DOCUMENTATION, instruction ; advice. " I am to be closeted, and to be document- ized," proceeded he ; " not another word of your documentations, dame Selby, I am not in a humour to bear them ; I will take my own way." Richardson, Grandison, vi. 157. DOCUMENTISE, to instruct. See ex- tract s. v. DOCUMENTATION. The Attorney General . . . desired the wife would not be so very busy, being as he said well doaimentised, meaning by this White- acre. North, Examen, p. 294. DOD, see extract. Our husbandmen in Middlesex make a dis- tinction between doddiny and threshing of wheat, the former being only the beating out of the fullest aud fairest grain, leaving what is lean and lank to be threshed out after- wards. Our comment may be said to have dodded the Sheriffes of several Counties, in- sisting only on their most memorable actions. Fuller, Worthies, ch. xv. DOD, see extract. Eobert Dodford was born in a Village so called in this County, ... so named, as I take it, from a Ford over the river Avon, and Dods, Water-weeds (commonly called by children Cats-Tails), growing thereabouts. Fuller, Worthies, Northampton (ii. 170). DODDLE, to shake. He got up on an old mnle which had served niue Kings, and so, mumbling with his mouth, nodding and doddling his head, would go see a coney ferreted. Urguharfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxii. DOG, to furnish with dogs. Cf. Fuller's use of boy. Surely had Brittain been then known to the ancient Romans, when first (instead of manning) they dogged their Capitol, they would have furnished themselves with Mas- tiffes fetched hence for that purpose. Fuller, Worthies, Somerset (ii. 276). DOG, cock, as of a gun, from a sup- posed resemblance to a dog with its head raised. This was a contrivance . . . for producing fire by the friction of the grooved edges of a steel wheel . . . against a piece of iron pyrites . . . held in a cock or dog which pressed upon it. Arch., xxxi. 492 (1846). DOGBOLT. An iron hook or bar with a sharp fang is called a dog or dogbolt. Dogbolt is a term of reproach in Ben Jonsonand'other old writers, though why this should be so is not clear. See N. The beams are . . . fastened to the sides with bolts not unlike our doy-bolts. Arch., xx. 555 (1824). DOG-COOK, a man-cook (?). A cellar admirably stocked, a first-rate dog- cook and assistants, a set of horses for town, hunters at Melton, and racers at Newmarket, practically sounded his merits and virtues. Th. Hook, Man of many Friends. DOGGESS, a bitch. Pretty dogs and doggesses to quarrel and bark at me. and yet, whenever I appear, afraid to pop out of their kennels. Ricliardson, Cl. Harlowe, vii. 131. DOGGREL. The verb is unusual, and should mean to write doggrel verses ; here it seems to refer to an argument constantly repeated. The freethinker boasts that his religion is practised by the world ; Eusebius replies If general practice hits right with the pre- cepts of your religion, they are fly-blown, and were I disposed to doggrel it, I would only gloss upon that text. . . When the question is about good and evil, practice stands on the wrong side. Gtnt'eman In- structed, p. 43. DOGGY, like dogs : a reproachful epi- thet. Pack hence, doygye rakhels! Stanyhurst, jEn,., i. 145. DOG-LOGIC, a word formed in imita- tion of dog-latin. The quotation occurs in Swift's lines " upon the horrid plot discovered by Harlequin, the B p of E ch r's French dog." I own it was a dangerous project, And you have prov'd it by dog-logick. DOG-LOOKED, disreputable - looking ; hang-dog. We saw a wretched kind of a dog-looVd fellow with a tippet about his neck. L'Es- trange, Visions of Quevedo, ch. i. DOG-MAD, quite mad ; rabid. He was troubled with a disease reverse to that called the stinging of the tarantula, and would run dog-mad at the noise of music, especially a pair of bagpipes. Swift, Tale of Tub, sect. 11. DOG-MAN, a man having to do with dogs. You think he could barter and cheat, And filch the dorj-marfs meat To feed the offspring of God. Mrs. Browning, Napoleon III. in Italy. DOGMAOLATRY ( 197 ) DOMESTICATE DOGMAOLATBY, worship of dogma. How has the " religious world " fallen into the notion that no one believes in Christ who does not call Him by the same appella- tion as themselves? 1. From the dogma- olatry of the last two centuries (Popish and Protestant). C. Kingsley, 1852 (Life, i. 268). DOGS. To go to the dogs is to be ruined or destroyed ; the reference is to a worn-out horse sent to the knack- er's. See quotation from Dickens *. v. Bow-wow. "Writs are out for me to apprehend me for my plays, and now I am bound for the isle of dogs. 'Return from Parnassus, v. 3 (1606). I should soon hope to see that accom- plished, if that mischievous Ate that has en- gaged the two most mighty monarchs in the world in a bloody war were sent to her place, i. e. to the dogs (is KopaKas). Bailey's Eras- mus, p. 266. DOG-SHORES, pieces of timber used to prevent a vessel from starting while the keel-blocks are being taken out, pre- paratory to launching. Go over the side again, and down among the ooze and wet to the bottom of the dock, in the depths of the subterranean forest of dog-shores and stays that hold her up. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, xxiv. DOG-SLEEP. L. defines this "pre- tended sleep," and gives an extract from Addison in which it bears this meaning ; but it usually signifies, I think, a light, fitful sleep disturbed by the slightest sound. My sleep was never more than what is called dog-sleep ; so that I could hear myself moaning, and was often, as it seemed to me, wakened suddenly by my own voice. De Quincey, Opium-eater, p. 35. DOG'S-TONGUE, a plant; cynoglossum officinale. I think he killed nobody, for his remedies were " womanish and weak." Sage and wormwood, sion, hyssop, borage, spikenard, doy's-tongue, our Lady's mantle, feverfew, and Faith, and all in small quantities except the last. Eeade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xciv. DOG-TIRED, tired as a dog. Shake- speare (Taming of Shrew, IV. ii.) has dog-weary. Tom Is carried away by old Benjy, dog- tired and surfeited with pleasure. Hughes, Tom Brown's Schooldays, Pt. I. ch. ii. DOG TO THE BOW, a dog used in shoot- ing : such dogs, being well trained and obedient, were taken to typify humble or subservient people. And eke to January he goth as lowe, As ever did a doygefor the bowe. Chaucer, Cant. Tales, 9888. He . . with lacke of vitailles brought those choploges or greate pratlers as lowe as dogi/e to the bow. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 250. DO-LITTLE, idle. L. has the word as a substantive. What woman would be content with such a do-little husband? Rennet's Erasmus's Praise of Folly, p. 45. DOLLARLESS, poor ; without dollars. The Norrises, deceived by gentlemanly manners and appearances, had, falling from their high estate, received a doUarless and unknown man. Dickens, M. Chuzzlewit, ch. xvii. DOLLOP, a lump. The great blunderbuss, moreover, was choked with a dollop of slough-cake. .Black- more, Lorna Doone, ch. ii. DOLLSHIP, a contemptuous title given to women, implying that they are pup- pets to be fondled and played with. Yet I am so true to the freemasonry my- self, that I would think the man who should dare to say half I have written of our doll- ships ought not to go away with his life. Richardson, Grandison, vi. 102. DOLLY, a doxy, or mistress. Drink, and dance, and pipe, and play, Kisse our dollies night and day. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 38. DOLPHINATE, Dauphiny. One Bruno first founded them [Carthu- sians] in the Dolphinate in France, anno 1080. Fuller, Ch. Hist., vi. 269. DOLTEFY, to make dull and stupid. Such as women be of the warst sort, fond, f olish, wanton, . . . and in euerye wise doltefied with the dregges of the Deuil's dounge hill. Aylmer, Harborough for Faithful Subjects, 1559, sig. G. III. DOLY, gloomy. H. gives doley, with this meaning, as a Northumberland word. This dolye chaunce gald us. Stanyhurst, ^En., ii. 431. DOMESTICATE, to live at home : usu- ally an active verb = to tame, render familiar. One of Coleridge's poems is addressed "To a young friend, on his proposing to domesticate with the author." I would rather, I say, see her married to some honest and tender-hearted man, whose love might induce him to domesticate with her, and to live peaceably and pleasingly DOMESTICISE ( 198 ) DOR-HAWK within his family circle, than to see her mated with a prince of the blood. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 305. DOMESTICISE, to render domestic. I have some observations to make concern- ing both the tea and the tea-service, which will clear the Doctor from any imputation of intemperance in his use of that most pleasant, salutiferous, aud domesticising be- verage. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xxix. DOMINICAL. Dominical letter = usu- ally Sunday letter, but in the first ex- tract "the dominicall or great letters " refer to the memorials of events in our Saviour's life, such as Christmas, Easter, &c. In the second extract as a noun it seems = the Lord's house. The wisdome and piety of the Church having in all ages written in Dominicall or great letters those most remarkable Histories of our Saviour's transactions on earth in order to our redemption. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 111. Then began Christian Churches, Oratories, or Dominicals to outshine the Temples of the Heathen Gods. Ibid. p. 351. DONAKER, a cattle-stealer : mentioned among other names for thieves of va- rious sorts in The Nicker Nicked, 1669 (Harl. Misc., ii. 108). DONE, exhausted. Sometimes done for is used in the same sense. Not so the Holland fleet, who, tired and done, Stretch'd on their decks like weary oxen lie. Dryden, Ann. Mir., st. 70. She is rather done for this morning, and must not go so far without help. Miss Austen, Persuasion, ch. xxiii. DONE, done to death. The Lord Cobham said, I believe that in the sacrament of the altar is Christ's very Body in form of bread, the same that was born of the Virgin Mary, done on the Cross, dead, and buried. Bale, Select Works, p. 30. DONKEY, an ass. The word is modern. Grose says, " Perhaps from the Spanish or don-like gravity of the animal, en- titled also the King of Spain's trump- eter." L., who cites no example, con- nects it with German dickkopf, thick head. Prof. Skeat says that the root of the word is dun, a common name for horse or asa, and that the affix is a diminutive, quasi dunnakie (see his Etymol. Diet.). It will be seen that Wolcot gives it as a London word. Pegge cites it as an Essex provincial- ism. Thou think 'st thyself on Pegasus so steady, But, Peter, thou art mounted on a Neddy ; Or in the London phrase, thou Devonshire monkey, Thy Pegasus is nothing but a donkey. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 116. DONKEYDROME, course for a donkey- race : an imitation of hippodrome. To avoid hybridism it should be onodrome. The long-eared beasts were named after the horses of the sun. This aspiring enter- prise naturally ended in the two charioteers being left sprawling in the dust of the donkeydrome. Savage, R. Medlicott, Bk. I. ch. v. DONNISH, pertaining to a don. Uni- versity tutors, heads of houses, &c. are called dons, and donnish is gener- ally used in reference to this. Unless a man can get the prestige and in- come of a don, and write donnish books, it's hardly worth while for him to make a Greek and Latin machine of himself. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xvi. DO-NOTHING, idle ; also a substantive. Why haven't you a right to aspire to a college education as any do-nothing canon there at the abbey, lad? C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. iv. Curse them, sleek, hard-hearted, impotent do-nothings. Ibid. ch. xxxii. DO-NOTHING-NESS, indolence. A situation of similar affluence and do- ilothing-ness would have been much more suited to her capacity than the exertions and self-denials of the one which her im- prudent marriage had placed her in. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. xxxviii. DOORLESS, without a door. Through the doorless stone archway he could see a long vista of the plain below. C. Kingsley, Hypatia, ch. xiii. DORADO, a rich man (Spanish). As in casting account three or four men together come short in account of one man placed by himself below them, so neither are a troop of these ignorant Doradoes of that true esteem and value as many a forlorn person whose condition doth place him be- neath their feet. Brown, Reliyio Medici, Pt. II. sect. 1. DORFLY, cockchafer. This forest was most horribly fertile and copious in dorjlies, hornets, and wasps. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xvi. DOR-HAWK, night-hawk. The dor-hawk, solitary bird, Round the dim crags on heavy pinions wheel- ing, "With untired voi( e sin^s an unvaried tune ; DORME DOULCURE Those burring notes are all that can be heard In silence deeper far than that of deepest noon. Wordsworth, The Wayyoner, c. i. DORME, a doze. Not a calm and soft sleep like that which our God giveth His beloved ones, but as the slumbering dormes of a sick man, very short, and those also interrupted with a medley of cross and confused fancies. Sanderson, i. 146. DORMER, demurrer (?). These lawyers have such delatory and forren pleas, such dormers, such quibs [quips ?] and quiddits. Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 407). DORMIENT, dormant. Books were not published then so soon as they were written, but lay most commonly dormient many years. Bramhall, ii. 142. DORMITION, slumber. Wert thou disposed ... to plead, not so much for the utter extinction as for the dor- mitione of the soul. Bp. Hall, Works,\\i. 295. DOTEL, dotard. For so false a doctrine so foolish unlearned a drunken dotel is a meet schoolmaster. Pilkinyton, p. 586. DOTES, endowments. Sidney himself puts the word into the mouth of a pe- dantic schoolmaster. Corydon. Sing then, and shew these goodly dotes in thee, With which thy brainless youth can equal me. Menalcas. ..... The dotes, old dotard, I can bring to prove My self deserv's that choice, are onely love. E. .ff.'s Continuation of Sidney's Arcadia, p. 516. Now the thunder-thumping Jove trans- fund his dotes into your excellent formositie. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 619. DOTTLE, " the refuse of a pipe of tobacco which is left at the bottom of the pipe " (Jamieson). This meaning scarcely seems to suit the second ex- tract. A snuffer-tray containing scraps of half- smoked tobacco, " pipe dottles," as he called them, which were carefully resmoked over and over again, till nothing but ash was left. C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. vi. Just when you wake from a dreamless sleep beneath the forest boughs, as the east begins to blaze, and the magpie gets musical, you dash to the embers of last night's fire, and after blowing many firesticks, find one which is alight, and proceed to send abroad on the morning breeze the scene of last night's dottle. H. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamhjn, ch. six. DOUBLE. To double ears to close them (as with wearisome talk). This that I tell you is rather to solace your eares with pretie conceits after a sort of long scholasticall preceptes which may happen have doubled them, rather then for any other purpose. Puttenham, Eny. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xxiv. DOUBLE-JOE. The Portuguese coin Joannes is worth about 36s. A double- Joe would = in value a Spanish doub- loon. Haply he deems no eye can see The shining store of glittering ore, The fair rose-noble, the bright moidore, And the broad Double- Joe from ayont the sea. Jnyoldsby Let/ends (Hand of Glory). DOUBLET, a false jewel. See Hudi- bras, II. i. 601, with note in Grey's edition. You may have a brass ring gilt with a doublet (yemmd facticid) for a small matter. Hailey's Erasmus, p. 330. DOUBT, redoubt. Forward be all your hands, Urge one another. This doubt down that now betwixt us stands, Jove will go with us to their walls. Chapman, Iliad, xii. 286. DOUCENESS, sweetness. Some luscious delight, yea, a kind of ravish- ing douceness there is in studying good books. Ward, Sermons, p. 166. DOUGH-BAKED, imperfectly baked, and so, deficient in intellect. Cf. HALF- BAKED. [Love can] make these douyli-baked, sense less, indocile animals, women, too hard for us their politic lords and rulers. Wyclierley, Country Wife, iv. 4. The devil take thee for an insensible dough-baked v&flei \-Richardson, Cl. Har- loice, vii. 131. As to your milksops, your douyli-laked lovers, who stay at home and strut among the women, when glory is to be gained in the martial field, I despise them with all my heart. Hid., Grandison, i. 89. DOUKE. " The yellow douke or carot " is Holland's parenthetical explanation of the plant which " the Latines name the French parsnip, but the Greekes Daucus " {Pliny, xix. 5). DOULCURE, sweetness, gentleness. L. has dulcour as a rare word, with ex- ample from Addison. I have given special order to the judges for sweetness and doulcure to the English Catholicks Racket, Life of Williams, i. 116. DO UP ( 200 ) DOUP, bottom, or broad end (Scotch). The word in the original is coque, or shell. Was not Minerva born of the brain, even through the ear of Jove ? Adonis of the bark of a myrrh tree, and Castor and Pollux of the doupe of that egg which was laid and hatched by Leda? Vrquhart's Rabelais, Bk. I. vi. DOVE-MONGER, a seller of doves. We first fix our eyes on this purging of the temple from dove-mongers, money-chang- ers, and such as sold sheep and oxen therein. Fuller, Pisyah Sight, III. ix. 9. DOVER COURT. N., after quoting from Ray the proverb, " Dover-court, all speakers and no hearers," doubts whether the reference is to Doyercourt in Essex, or to some court at Dover rendered tumultuous by the numerous resort of seamen. North certainly un- derstood it of Dover. They were at variance before the sheriff, as in the proverbial court at Dover, all speak- ers and no hearers. liorth, Examen, p. 517. I thought the whole room was a very per- fect resemblance of Dover-court, where all speak, but nobody heard or answered. T. Brown, Works, III. 66. DOWDE, a slatternly woman. Except Phoebus (which is the sonne) had oughed Voconius a shame, he would neuer haue suffreed him to begette soche foule babies and oule faced doudes as all the worlde should afterward wondre at. UdaFs Eras- mus's Apophth., p. 344. Doest thou, being faire, murmure at the preferment of a foule one, and in thy rage calle her foule dowde? Breton, A Murmurer, p. 9. DOWGATE. The devil of Dowgate. In Dekkers Satiromastix (Hawki)is, Hi. 140), Tucca, addressing a woman by various names out of old story- books, calls her, among the rest, " My little devil a 1 Dowgate" He does so raffle before my mistress with his barbarian eloquence, and strut before her in a pair of Polonian legs, as if he were a gentleman-usher to the Great Turk, or the devil of Dowgate. Wily Beguiled (Hawkins, Eng. Dr., iii. 342). DOWL. See extract. H. gives " doul, a wooden pin or plug to fasten planks with." These boards are glued together and dowled (fastened to each other by plugs like the head of a cask) to prevent warping. Arch., xxxvi. 458. DOWL, a great blotch. Jamieson gives, " Dowl, a large piece, as dowles of cheese." His hat (though blacke) lookes like a medley hat, For black's the ground, which sparingly ap- peares, Then heer's a dowle, and there a dabb of fat, Which as vnhansom hangs about his eares. Davies, Scourge of Folly, p. 19. DOWN, to be down upon ones luck = to despond. _ Mr. Eden, on the contrary, wore a sombre air. Hawes noticed it, mistook it, and pointed it out to Fry. " He is down upon his luck ; he knows he is coming to an end." Reade, Never too late to mend, ch. xxiii. DOWNBEARD, the winged seed of the thistle or sow-thistle. It is frightful to think how every idle volume flies abroad like an idle globular downleard, embryo of new millions ; every word of it a potential seed of infinite new downbeards and volumes. Carlvle, Misc.. iv. 263. DOWNCOME, heavy fall ; often used colloquially of a pouring rain. Whenever the pope shall fall, if his ruin be not like the sudden downcome of a tower, the bishops, when they see him tottering, will leave him. Milton, Reformation in Eny., DOWN-SET, nadir or lowest point. The rebels . . . thought it their best and safest course straightly to besiege it : for the Earle supposed it was the most important place to offend and annoy them, as that both his honour and his fortunes were for ever at their doicn-set if he might not recover it. Holland's Camden, vol. ii. p. 128. DOWN-WEIGHT, full weight. For every ounce of vanity they shall receive downweight a pound of sorrow. Adams, i. 310. It was not possible that one should be more liberal than Dean Williams was in attributing due and down-weight to every man's gifts. Racket, Life of Williams, i. 59. DOWNY, having downs ; the word usually = soft as down. Halldown . . . seems to be the same vein of land of which the Forest of Dartmore, and the downy part of Ashburton, Islington, Bridford, &c., consist. Defoe, Tour thro' Gt. Britain, i. 382. Do WORD, to tell. Assure thyself that when we come to the King, we will do him word of this thy be- haviour. Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress, i. 176. DOWSEPER, one of the douzepairs of Charlemagne. H. has examples of it DO WSING ( 201 ) DRAMATURGIST in this literal meaning, s. v. dozeper. Bale uses it contemptuously for a champion. No wise man will think that Christ will dwell in a mouse, nor yet that a mouse can dwell in Christ, though it be the doctrine of these doughty dowsepers. Hale, Select Works, p. 155. DOWSING, a thrashing. The word is more often applied to putting out a candle ; " dowse the glim " is slang or thieves' cant for this. Some of the quotations in R., s. v. doivse, show that the word was in use before Mr. Dows- ing's time (Aug. Sax., dwcesean, to extinguish). A certain William Dowsing, who during the Great Rebellion was one of the Parlia- mentary visitors for demolishing superstitious pictures and ornaments of churches, is sup- posed by a learned critic to have given use to an expression in common use among school- boys and blackguards. For this worshipful commissioner broke so many " mighty great angels " in glass, knocked so many apostles and cherubims to pieces, demolished so many pictures and stone crosses, and boasted with such puritanical rancour of what he had done, that it is conjectured the threat of giving anypne a dowsing preserves his rascally name. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxxv. DOZZLED, dazed, bewildered. In such a perplexity every man asks his fellow, What's best to be done ? and, being dazzled with fear, thinks every man wiser than himself. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 142. DRABBLE. H. has drabble, to draggle in the mire ; the noun probably means much the same as rabble. He thought some Presbyterian rabble In test-repealing spite were come to flout him, Or some fierce Methodistic drabble. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 54. DRABLED, draggled, limp with moist- ure. The next day following, if it were faire, they would cloud the whole skie with can- vas by spreading their drabled sailes in the full clue abroad a-drying. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 149). DRACONICALLY, severely, after the manner of Draco. They were also in their judicial courts equally tyrannous ; the one in the Chancery, the other in the High Commission ; both of them at the Council-board and in the Star- chamber alike draconically supercilious. Wolsey and Laud, 1641 (Harl. Misc., iv. 509). DRAFFLE-SACKED, filled with draff, or hogs wash. Wo be to that glutton which, enfarcing his own stinking and drafflesacked belly with all kind of pleasant and dainty dishes, suflfer- eth his poor needy neighbour to perish for hunger. Becon, ii. 591. DRAFFSACK, a sack full of hog's wash, so a gross, greedy fellow. See H. s. v. I bade menne to approche, and not donnge- hylles or draffesackes. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 93. DRAFTY, pertaining to a draught or jakes. Are there not diuerse skauingers of draftye poetrye in this cure age? Stanyhurst, Virgil, Dedic. DRAGSMAN, driver of a drag or coach. He had a word for the hostler about " that grey mare," a nod for the shooter or guard, and a bow for the drac/sman. Thackeray, Shabby Genteel Story, ch. i. DRAGSTAFF, a brake or scotcher. The coach wanting a dragstaff, it ran back in spite of all the coachman's skill. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Brit., ii. 297. j DRAIN, a drink (slang). Those two old men who came in " just to have a drain " finished their third quartern a few seconds ago. Sketches by Boz (Gin- shops). DRAM, to indulge in or ply with drams. It is loving melancholy till it is not strong enough, and he grows to dram with horror. Walpole, Letters, Aug. 28, 1752. Matron of matrons, Martha Baggs ! Drain your poor newsman clad in rags. Warton, JVeicsman's Verses for 1770. He will soon sink ; I foresaw what would come of his dramming. Foote, The Bankrupt, iii. 2. The parents in that fine house are getting ready their daughter for sale, . . . praying her, and imploring her, and dramming her, and coaxing her. Thackeray, The Newcomes, ch. xxviii. DRAMATURGIC, histrionic, and so un- real. Our Assembly of Divines sitting earnestly deliberative ever since June last will direct us what form of worship we are to adopt ; some form, it is to be hoped, not grown dramaturgic to us, but still awfully symbol- ical for us. Carlyle, Cromwell, i. 145. DRAMATURGIST, contriver of a drama. How silent now ; all departed, clean gone ! The 'World.- Dramaturgist has written, Exeunt. Carlyle, Past and Present, Bk. II. ch. ii. DRAMATURGY ( 202 ) DRICKS2E DRAMATURGY, histrionism ; theatri- calness. The Millenary petition . . . and various other petitions to his Majesty by persons of pious straitened consciences had been pre- sented ; craving relief in some ceremonial points, which, as they found no warrant for them in the Bible, they suspected, with a very natural shudder in that case, to savour of idol-worship and mimetic dramaturgy. Carlyle, Cromwell, i. 29. DRASH. to thrash. H. gives it as a Somerset word, but the extract is in the dialect of the next county, Devon. Now Hawtry took a world of pain, He did zo drash about his brain, That was not over-stored. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 157. DRATTLE, a mild imprecation. H. suggests that it may be a corruption of throttle ; perhaps, however, it is a fre- quentative form of drat. Drattle 'em ; thaay be mwore trouble than they be wuth. Hughes, Tom Brown at Ox- ford, ch. xxiii. DRAUGHTS, draught-cattle (?). The officers and soldiers . . . shall be accomodate with draughts in their march. Rushworth, Hist. Coll. (1644), v. 649. DRAW, a feeler ; something designed to draw on a person to show or reveal what otherwise might be hidden. This was what in modern days is called a draw. It was a guess put boldly forth as fact, to elicit by the young man's answer whether he had been there lately or not. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. v. DRAWGLOVE. Drawyloves was a game something like talking on the fingers : it is frequently referred to by Herrick. See N. The subjoined is a late instance, even if we take, not the date of the book, but the time in which the scene is laid, viz., subsequent to the Revolution of 1688. The singular form is also noticeable. After dinner the children were set to questions and commands ; but here our hero was beaten hollow, as he was afterward at drawglove and shuffle the slipper. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 21. DRAWING, being drawn. For a similar use of the participle by Miss Austen, see BRINGING, CARRYING. Precedents are searching and plans drawing up for that purpose. Walpole, Letters, i. 94 (1741). DKAWLATCH. This word as a substan- tive = thief is in the Diets. ; but it is used by Nashe as a verb = to creep in furtively. See extract s. v. BAWWAW. DREADNOUGHT, see quotation. Look at him in a great-coat of the closest texture that the looms of Leeds could fur- nish one of those dreadnoughts the utility of which sets fashion at defiance. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ivii. Her pleasant face peeped over the collar and capes of a stout dreadnought. Lytton, My Novel, Bk. I. ch. xi. DREARYSOME, dreary. Who roams the old ruins this drearysome night? Ingoldsby Legends ( Witches' Frolic). DREDGERMAN, one engaged in dredg- ing. In these courts they appoint . . . the quan- tity [of oysters] each Dredyerman shall take in a day, which is usually called Setting the Stint. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Brit., i. 150. DRESSER, a hospital student or attend- ant who dresses wounds. The magistrate and clerk were bowed in by the house-surgeon and a couple of young men who smelt very strong of tobacco- smoke ; they were introduced as " dressers." Sketches by Boz (The Hospital Patient). DRESSING, scolding ; chastisement. If ever I meet him again, I will give him such a dressing as he has not had this many a day. Miss Austen, Sense and Sensibility, ch. XXX. DRIBBET, driblet. Their poor pittances are injuriously com- pounded, and slowly payd by dribbetx, and with infinite delayes. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 143. DRIBBLEMENT, a trifle. To shun spight I smothered these dribble- ments. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 153). DRIBBLER, one who weakly maun- ders ; a driveller. The aspirants and wranglers at the bar, the dribblers and the spit-fires (these are of both sorts), . . . what opinion will they pro- nounce in their utter ignorance of the author? Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter vii. DRIBLETING, coming drop by drop, and so meagre, scanty. That biting poverty or tenuity of their worldly condition . . . hardly to be relieved by those driblt'ting pittances. Gauden, Tears of (lie Church, p. 276. DRICKSIE, dwarfish : stunted (?). Dreich or Droich is a Scotch word for dwarf. See Jamieson. DRIGE ( 203 ) DROWNDED "We liken a young childe to a greene twigge which ye may easi.ie bende euery way ye list: or an old man who laboureth with continuall infirmities to a drie and dricksie oke. Puttenltam, Eny. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xix. DRIGE, drag (?). Suppose the gentleman wants pence, he [the sergeant] will eyther have a pawue, or else driije him to the counter. Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 408). DRINGLE. John Dringle seems to belong to the same family as Tom Noddy. To dringle is to dawdle. O but (sayth another John Dringle) there is a booke of the Ked Herring's Taile printed four terms since, that made this stale. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 145). DRIRIMANCY. There learned I dririmancy, scatomancy, pathology, therapeusis, and, greater than all, anatomy. lieade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xx vi. DRIZZLE, light, small rain. Besides why could you not for drizzle pray ? "Why force it down in buckets on the hay j* Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 160. DROIT, a due. The pilferings of the orchard and garden I confiscated as droits. Marryat. Fr. Mild- may, ch. i. DROLLIC, pertaining to a droll or puppet-show. "Wild . . took forth . . . one of those beautiful necklaces with which at the fair of Bartholomew they deck the well-whitened neck of Thalestris, Queen of the Amazons, Anna Bullen, Queen Elizabeth, or some other high princess in drollic story. Field- ing, Jonathan Wild, Bk. II. ch. iii. DRONE, drone-pipe or bagpipe. The harmony of them that pipe in record- ers, flutes, and drones, and the shrill shout of trumpets, waites, and shawms, shall no more be heard in thee to the delight of men. Bale, Select Works, p. 536. DROOL, to drivel. H. gives it as a Somersetshire word. There the slave-holder finds the chief argument for his ownership of men, and in Africa or New England kidnaps the weak, his mouth drooling with texts. Theod. Parker (Life by Dean, p. 159). DROP. A foal is technically said to be dropped when it is born. I will allow my aunt to be the most polite, intellectual, delicate - minded old lady in creation, my dearest father, if you wish it ; only, not having been born (I beg her par- don, dropped^ in a racing-stable as she was herself, I can hardly appreciate her conversa- tion always. H. Kinystey, Ravenshoe, ch. v. Who but Tom could have lit the old man's face up with a smile with the history of a new colt that my lord's mare Thetis had dropped last week ? Ibid., Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xvii. DROP. To have a drop in the eye = to be drunk. Nev. O faith, Colonel, you must own you had a drop in your eye, for when I left you you were half seas over. Sirift, Polite Con- versation (Conv. i.). DROPLESS, seems applied in the ex- tract to damp which comes insensibly in the air, as distinguished from that caused by rain. You, O ye wingless Airs, that creep between The rigid stems of heath and bitten furze, "Within whose scanty shade, at summer-noon, The mother-sheep hath worn a hollow bed Ye that now cool her fleece with dropless damp, Now pant and murmur with her feeding lamb. Colei-idye, The Picture. DROPLING, little drop. Kightly to speak, what Man we call and count, It is a beamling of Diuinity, It is a dropling of th' Eternall Fount It is a moatling hatcht of th' Vnity. Sylvester, Quadrains of Pibrac, st. 13. DROP-RIPE, so ripe as to be ready to drop off the tree. The fruit was now drop-ripe we may say, and fell by a shake. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 274. DROPSY-DRY, thirsty through dropsy. Many dropsy-drie forbeare to drinke Because they know their ill 'twould aggra- vate. Dames, Microcosmos, p. 25. DROWL, to utter in a mournful man- ner ; perhaps connected with drawl. O sons and daughters of Jerusalem, drotcl out an elegy for good King Josias ! Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 224. DROWNAGE, submersion. An example to us all, not of lamed misery, helpless spiritual bewilderment, and sprawl- ing despair, or any kind of drownage in the foul water of our so called religious or other controversies and confusions, but of a swift and valiant vanquisher of all these. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, Pt. I. ch. i. DROWNDED, a common vulgarism for drowned. In my own Thames may I be drownded, If e'er I stoop beneath a crown'd head. Stcift, Pastoral Dialogue. DROWNER ( 2 4 ) DUCK Take pity upon poor Miss ; don't throw water on a drownded rat. Ibid., Polite Con- versation (Conv. i.). " My brother Joe was his father," said Mr. Peggotty. " Dead, Mr. Peggotty ? " I hinted, after a respectful pause. " Drmcndead," said Mr. Peggotty. Dickens, David Copperjield, ch. iii. DROWNER. See extract. In June last a further discovery was made by Robert Wallau, the drowner or person in charge of the water meadows. Archceol., xxriv. 259 (1851). DROWSE, a slumber. On a sudden many a voice along the street, And heel against the pavement echoing, broke Their drowse. Tennyson, Geraint and Enid. DROWSY-EVIL, lethargy. If a man or woman be brought to extreme oblivion, as they be that have the disease called Lethargus or the drowsy e-evill. Touch- stone of Complexions, p. 126. DROY, to labour ; usually written droil. He which can in office drudge and droy. Gascoigne, Steele Glasse, p. 68. DRUDGER, a drageoir or bonbon box in which comfits (dragees) were kept. See Lord Braybrooke's note in loc. To London, and there among other things did look over some pictures at Cade's for my house, and did carry home a silver drudger for my cupboard of plate. fepys, Feb. 2, 1665-6. DRUGGEL, a term of reproach. Slapsauce fellows, slabberdegullion drug- gels, lubbardly louts. Urquharfs Ralelais, Bk. I. ch. xxv. DRUM, a drummer. I was brought from prison into the town of Xeres by two drums and a hundred shot. Peake, Three to One, 1625 (Arber, Eny. Garner, i. 633). DRUM. Drunk as a drum = very drunk ; for similar comparisons see s. v. DRUNK. We say tight as a drum, re- ferring to the tension of the skin : tight is also slang for drunk, but per- haps there is no connection between the two phrases. See extract from Cotton, s. v. WHEELBARBOW. You must know that the fellow got pre- sently as drunk as a drum; so I had him tumbled into a chair, and ordered the fellows to carry him home. Farquhar, Sir Henry Wildair, iv. 2. DRUMBLE-DRONE, a drone. Oh, Mr. Gary, we have all known your pleasant ways, ever since you used to put drum ble - drones into my desk to Bideford school. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. xviii. DRUM-ROOM, ball-room. The bonny housemaid begins to repair the disordered drum-room. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. XI. ch. ix. DRUNK, see s. w. DAVID'S sow, DRUM, FISH, LORD, PIPER, RAT, WHEELBARROW. DRY, bloodless. The extract refers to a war carried on by excommunica- tions and the like. Thus are both sides busied in this drie warre, wherein, though there were no sword, yet it gave vexation ynough. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 75. DRY-DITCH, to labour without result, as those who vainly dig for water. There would be no end to repeat with how many quarrels this unfortunate Bishop was provok'd, yet his adversaries did but dry- ditch their matters, and digged in vain, though they still cast up earth. Socket, Life of Williams, ii. 98. How many offers of accordance did he make in that very instant ! how many mes- sengers were posted to London ! which was no better than to dry-ditch the business, for every offer of grace made his enemies haughty./^., ii. 188. DUALIST, one who holds two offices. He was a Duallist in that Convent (and if a Pluralist no ingenious person would have envied him) being Canter of that Church, and Library-Keeper therein. Fuller, Wor- thies, Wilts (ii. 448). DUARCHY, the rule of two persons. Cf. TRIARCHY. A duarchie in the Church (viz. two Arch- bishops equal in power) being inconsistent with a mouarchie in the state, they have ever countenanced the superiority of Canter- bury. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. ii. 3. DUBITATE, to doubt. What dubitating, what circumambulating ! These whole six noisy months (for it began with Brienne in July) has not Report fol- lowed Report, and one proclamation flown in the teeth of the other? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. IV. ch. i. Much in these two hours depends on Bou- il!6 ; as it shall now fare with him, the whole future may be this way or be that. If, for example, he were to loiter dubitating and not come ; if he were to come and fail. Ibid., Pt. II. Bk. II. ch. vi. DUCK. A lame duck is Stock Ex- change slang- for a defaulter. The two first quotations belong to the same year. DUCK AND DRAKE ( 205 ) DULCETNESS I may be lame, but I shall never be a duck, nor deal in the garbage of the alley. Wai- pole, Letters, iii. 377 (1771). The gaming fools are doves, the knaves are rooks, Change-alley bankrupts waddle out lame ducks. Garrick, Prologue to Footers Maid of Bath. Unless I see Amelia's ten thousand down you don't marry her. I'll have no lame duck's daughter in my family. Thackeray, Vanity Fair, ch. xiii. DUCK AND DRAKE, to waste idly ; to throw away anything, as children do the stones in the game of that name. I would neither fawn on money for money's sake, nor duck and drake it away for a frolick. Gentleman Instructed, p. 18. Is it then no harm to saunter away our lives, and like children, duck and drake away a treasure able to buy Paradise ? Ibid. p. 116. DUCK'S-MEAT, a term of reproach, ducks not being clean feeders. Here's your first weapon, ducksmeat! Massinger, Old Law, III. ii. DUDDLE. H. says "to make luke- warm," it may therefore in the extract = to check or repulse, but perhaps it is meant for dudder, to shake. See E., who, however, has it only as a neuter verb. Patton says that the Scots were provided with rattles to frighten the horses of the English cavalry ; Howbeit because the riders were no babies, nor their horses any colts, they could neither duddle the one nor affray the other. Exped. to Scott., 1547 (Eng. Garner, iii. 129). DUDDLE, nipple (of the breast). Then to his lips Madge held the bottle, On which he suckt as child at duddle. Ward, England's Reformation, p. 242. DUDDLES, rags. So good men now, searching the festered cankers, and ripping the stinking duddles of popery for a time, smell evil in the noses of the wicked. Pilkington, p. 212. DUELSOME, given to duelling. Incorrigibly duelsome on his own account, he is for others the most acute and peaceable counsellor in the world. Thackeray, Paris Sketchbook, ch. ii. DUE-TIMELY, in good time. I have for both been carefull to provide ; Their extreme thirst due-timely to refresh, Conducting them vnto a fountaine fresh. Sylvester, The Vocation, 1002. DUFFER, a fool or blunderer: pro- perly a pedlar; then, a hawker of sham jewellery, watches without works, &c. The Slang Diet, says, " It is mentioned in the Frauds of London (1760) as a word in frequent use in the last century to express cheats of all kinds." An example of its use in this last sense by Dickens will be found s, v* CANNIBALIO. "And do you get 800 for a small pic- ture ? " Mackenzie asked severely. " Well, no," Johnny said, with a laugh, " but then I am a duffer." Black, Princess of Thule, ch. XXV. DUKER. The Diet. Rusticum (1704) says " Ducker or Doucker is a kind of cock that in fighting will run about the clod [i. e. pit] almost at every blow he gives." This term seems in the ex- tract to be transferred to a fidgetty, restless horse. Do you love a spurr'd horse better than a duker that neighs and scrapes. Killigrew, Parson's Wedding, V. iv. DUKERY, duchy. E. has ducliery, with a quotation from Fabyan. A certain district in Nottinghamshire is called the Dukery from having had several ducal residences in the vicinity. See second extract. The Albertine line, electoral though it now was, made apanages, subdivisions, unintel- ligible little dukes and dukeries of a similar kind. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 359. The Dukeries still exist, but they are little more than a geographical expression. Wei- beck Abbey is the last of those palaces for which this part of England was formerly famous. Thoresby, indeed, remains, but it is not the Thoresby of old. Nor has it now a ducal occupant, and the successor of their Graces of Kingston is Earl Manvers. Clum- ber continues under the shadow of a domestic eclipse. Worksop Manor has changed hands more than once in the last fifty years, and is now the property of a Commoner. Of Kive- tou Hall, where once the Duke of Leeds dwelt, not one stone is left standing upon another. Standard, Dec. 8, 1879. DULCE, to soothe. Severus, . . . (because he would not leave an enemie behind at his backe) . . . wisely with good foresight dulceth and kindly in- treateth the men. Holland's Camden, p. 68. DULCET, sweet-bread. Thee stagg upbreaking they slit to the dulcet or inchepyn. Stanyhurst, _J?., i. 218. DULCETNESS, sweetness. Be it so that there were no discommodities mingled with the commodities ; yet as I be- fore have said, the brevity and short time DULLER Y ( 206 ) DUNG-FARMED that we have to use them should assuage their dulcetness. Bradford, i. 338. DULLERY, dulness ; stupidity. Master Antitus of Cresseplots was licen- tiated, and had passed his degrees in all dullery and blockishness. Urquhart's Rabe- lais, Bk. II. ch. xi. DULLISH, rather dull or phlegmatic. They are somewhat heavy in motion and dullish, which must be imputed to the quality of the clime. Howell, Parly of JSeasts, p. 12. DULLY, dull. Far off she seem'd to hear the dully sound Of human footsteps fall. Tennyson, Palace of Art. DUMBLEDORE, humble bee. Betsey called it [monk's-hood] the dumble- dore's delight, and was not aware that the plant in whose helmet rather than cowl shaped flowers that busy and best-natured of all insects appears to revel more than in any other is the deadly aconite of which we read in poetry. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cviii. DUMB WAITER, a revolving tray on which various articles are placed. A number of servants then vanished on the instant, leaving a dumb waiter of silver behind them. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 260. DUMP, to grieve ; to sulk. With choloricque fretting I dumpt and ranckled in anguish. Stanyhurst, ^En., ii. 103. DUMPING, dulness. Diogenes had more phansy to note the brutish grossenesse and dumping of the minde. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 128. DUMPS, money (slang). May I venture to say when a gentleman jumps In the river at midnight for want of the dumps, He rarely puts on his knee-breeches and pumps. Inyoldsby Legends (Sir Rupert). DUMPS, marbles. The second sense of low spirits or surliness on which Hood's pun is founded is very common. Thy taws are brave, thy tops are rare, Our tops are spun with coils of care, Our dumps are no delight. Hood, Ode on Prospect of Clapham Academy. DUMPS. Gay's third Pastoral is en- titled " Wednesday, or the Dumps," on which he has the jocose note which forms the extract. Dumps or Diimls, made use of to express a fit of the Sullens. Some have pretended that it is derived from Dumops, a King of Egypt that built a Pyramid, and dy'd of Melancholy. So Mopes after the same manner is thought to have come from Merops, another Egyptian King that dy'd of the same distemper; but our English Antiquaries have conjectured that Dumps, which is a grievous heaviness of spirits, comes from the word Dumplin, the heaviest kind of pudding that is eaten in this coun- try, much used in Norfolk, and other counties of England. DUMPTY, short and thick. Dumpy is more usual. Mary comes in ; a little dumpty body with a yellow face and a red nose. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xxv. DUNCICAL, stupid. See DUNSLY. Many godly-minded persons ... by the persuasions of certain discreet and modest brothers have been made of Eomish idolaters and diligent students of duncical dregs, dis- ciples of great hope in the sincere and true evangelic doctrine. Coverdale, i. 426. This neck-question as I may term it, the most dull and duncicall Commissioner was able to aske. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VIII. ii. 26. I have no patience with the foolish dun- deal dog. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, viii. 100. DUNPERBOLT, a celt or fossil belem- nite. For " the reumatis " boiled dunderbolt is the sovereign remedy, at least in the West of Cornwall. I knew an old woman who used to boil a celt (vulgarly a dunderbolt or thun- derbolt) for some hours, and then dispense her water to the diseased. Polwhele, Tradi- tions and Recollections, ii. 607 (1826). DUNE, ridge ; mound. See R. s. v. doton, and L. s. v. dun. The Spaniards neared and neared the fatal dunes which fringed the shore for many a dreary mile. C. Kinysley, Westward Ho, ch. xxxi. Out beyond them flush'd The long low dune, and lazy-plunging sea. Tennyson, Last Tournament. DUNGEONER, gaoler. Where shall I learn to get my peace again ? To banish thoughts of that most hateful land Dunyeoner of my friends, that wicked strand Where they are wrecked, and live a wrecked life. Keats, To . DUNG-FARMER, one who has to do with dirt or dung. The lady referred to is S. Helena, who was said to be a stabularia, or ostleress. See quotation, s. v. OSTL KRESS. The allusion in the extract is to Phil. iii. 8. They say that this lady was at first an in- holder or hostesse. . . . This good hostesse chose to be reputed a duny-farmer that she DUNG- WET ( 207 ) DUST might thereby gaine Christ. Holland's Camden, p. 74. It's the stinkingest dung-farmer, fob upon him! Dekker, Satiromastix (Hatckins, Eny. Dr., iii. 168). DUNG-WET, thoroughly wet, having been out in dirty weather. Dung in this compound seems merely intensa- tive. Plautus in his Rudens bringeth in fishermen cowthring and quaking, dung-wet after a storme. JYashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 180). DONNOCK, hedge-sparrow. See H. Haretou has been cast out like an unfledged durmock. Miss E. JSronte, ch. iv. DUNSLY. A man dunsly learned is one read in the scholastic theology of which Duns Scotus was a great doctor. Latimer also no doubt means a play on the word, and would insinuate that this man was a learned dunce, which last is derived from Duns Scotus, as the school- men discouraged classical study. He is wilfully witted, Dunsly learned, Moorly affected, bold not a little, zealous more than enough. Latimer, ii. 374. DUNSTABLE, plain, downright. See N. and H. Your uncle is an odd, but a very honest, Dunstable soul. Richardson, Grandison, vi. 177. DUNSTABLE, plain Dunstable is illus- trated in N., but in the following it appears as a place to which women of bad character might be sent against their will. I am so glad you are so pleasant, Kate ; you were not so merry when you went to Dunstable. Greene, Theeves falling out, 1615 (Harl. Misc.,\iii. 389). DUNSTERY, stupidity. See DUNSLY. Let every indignation make thee zealous, as the dunstery of the monks made Erasmus studious. Ward, Sermons, p. 83. DUNTLE, to dint. His cap is duntled in ; his back bears fresh stains of peat. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, in trod. DUOPOLIZE, to engross between two. Some rigid Presbyterians and popular In- dependents affect with great magistery to duopolize all Church power. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 440. DUPEABLE, gullible. Man is a dupeable animal. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ixxxvii. DUPLAB, DUPLE. See quotation. "Whether their armatures [= cavalry sol- diers] were duplar or simplar it is doubtfull. Duplar or duple armaturae they were called in those daies who had double allowances of corue ; simplar, that had but single. Hol- land's Camden, p. 783. DUPLICATE, a pawn-broker's ticket. This elegantly attired individual is in the act of entering the duplicate he has just made out, in a thick book. Sketches by Boz (Pawnbroker's shop). DURETTA, a coarse kind of stuff, so called from its wearing well. I never durst be seen Before my father out of duretta and serge : But if he catch me in such paltry stuffs, To make me look like one that lets out money, Let him say, Timothy was born a fool. Maine, City Match, i. 5. DUROY, a species of stuff, corduroy ? q. v. Western Goods had their share here also, and several booths were filled with Serges, Duroys, Druggets, Shalloons, Cantaloons, Devonshire Kersies, &c. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 94. DUST, a dead body, or one of the atoms that compose it. The bodies of the saints, what part of the earth or sea soever holds their dusts, shall not be detained in prison when Christ calls for them. . . . Not a dust, not a bone can be denied. Adams, ii. 106. DUST, disturbance. The Bishop saw there was small reason to raise such a dust out of a few indiscreet words. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 61. Such a dust was raised about the bill of tonnage, &c., that the way could not be seen for that cloud, to come to a quiet end. Ibid. ii. 83. Our lay and ecclesiastical champions for arbitrary power . . . have raised such a dust, and kept such a coil about the divine, here- ditary, and indefeasible right of kings. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 41. Not expect me ! that's a good one ! And what a dust you would have made if I had not come. Miss Austen, Northanyer Abbey, ch. ix. DUST. Down with the dust = down with the money. L. gives this with an example from a farce by O'Keefe, but the two first extracts are older. My lord, quoth the king, presently deposit your hundred pounds in gold, or else no going hence all the daies of your life. . . . The abbot down with his dust, and glad he DUTCH COURAGE ( 208 ) DYSPYCION escaped so, returned to Beading. Fuller, Ch. Hist, vi. 299. Amongst the collectors for the Holy Club there must be one fellow that eat King William's bread . . . one of his arts was to persuade silly old women to tell down their dust for carrying on so pious a work. Modest Enquiry into Present Disasters, 1690 (Life of Ken, p. 560). "Tie horrible to die And come down with our little all of dust, That dun of all the duns to satisfy. Hood, Hianca's Dream. DUTCH COURAGE, courage inspired by drink. A true Dutchman never fights without his head full of brandy. T. Brown, Works, ii. 311. He added further insult by saying that he supposed his antagonist wanted Dutch cour- age, and that if he did not get wine enough in the cabin, he would not fight at all. Marry at, Fr. Mildmay, ch. iv. Pull away at the usquebaugh, man, and swallow Dutch courage, since thine English is oozed away. C. Kinysley, Westward Ho, ch. xi. * , DUTCH-DEFENCE, a sham defence, " male pertinaci." I am afraid Mr. Jones maintained a kind of Dutch defence, and treacherously delivered up the garrison without duly weighing his allegiance to the fair Sophia. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. ix. ch. v. DUTCH GOLD, a baser metal having the appearance of gold ; it is mentioned by Repton (1832) in Archceol. xxiv. 175. Of. GERMAN SILVER. DUTY, when applied to money due now always means the custom-house duties. It once had a wider significa- tion. The mention of the " duty to the priest and clerk " first appears in the Prayer-book of 1552. They neither regarded to sette him to schole, nor while he was at schoole to paie his schoolemaister's duetie. UdaPs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 369. The man shall give unto the woman ajing, laying the same upon the book, with the accustomed duty to the Priest and Clerk. Rubric in Marriage Service. DUTY, the performance of the services of the Church by a clergyman. Edmund might, in the common phrase, do the duty of Thornton, that is, he might read prayers and preach, without giving up Mans- field Park. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. XXV. DUUMVIRACY, union of two in author- ity. A cunning complicating of Presbyterian and Independent principles and interests together, that they may rule in their Duum- viracy. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 438. DWINDLEMENT, dwindling, coming down. It was with a sensation of dreadful dvnndle- ment that poor Vincent crossed the street again to his lonely abode. Mrs. Oliphant, Salem Cfiapel, ch. i. DYINGNESS, languishing, as though dying : a die-away air. Tenderness becomes me best, a sort of dyingness. Conyreve, Way of the World, iii. 5. DYKE. Burke applies this word to the Eng. Channel between Dover and Calais. I have often been astonished, considering that we are divided from you but by a slen- der dyke of about twenty-four miles ... to find how little you seem to know of us. Reflections on Fr. Revolution, p. 68. DYSLOGY, dispraise. In the way of eulogy and dyslogy, and summing up of character, there may doubtless be a great many things set forth concerning this Mirabeau. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 117. DYSPEPSY, indigestion ; more common in its Latin form, dyspepsia. " Confound Sowerbrowst," thought the Doctor, " if I had guessed he was to come across me thus, he should not have got the better of his dyspepsy so early." Scott, St. Ronan's Well, ii. 11. His friends asked him what the Doctor had said, "Why, said the squire, he told me that I've got a dyspepsy. I don't know what it is, but it's some damn'd thing or other, I suppose. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xciii. DYSPNEUMONY, difficulty of breathing. I have rather I think from dyspepsia than dyspneumony been often and for days disabled from doing anything but read. J. Stei'ling, 1839 (Carlyle's Life, Pt. III. ch. i.). DYSPYCION, disputation. Great dyspyryons were among the Jewes at Rome concerning Paule. Vocacyon of Johan Bale, 1553 (Harl. Misc., vi. 440). EAR EARSHRIFT E EAR. At first ear = at first hear- ing ; immediately. A third cause of common errors is the credulity of men, that is, an easie assent to what is obtruded, or a believing at first ear what is delivered by others. Brown, Vulgar Errors, Bk. I. ch. v. EAR. Wine of one ear = good wine. One of the annotators of Rabelais says, " I have introduced the same with good success in some parts of Leicestershire, and elsewhere, speaking of good ale, ale of one ear ; bad ale, ale of two ears. Because when it is good we give a nod with one ear ; if bad, we shake our head, that is, give a sign with both ears that we do not like it." Another sug- gests, " Wine which a man will drink without need of persuasion, it draws him on only by one ear." Scott, it will be seen, makes the two ears = good ; but Chambaud's Fr.-Enf). Diet. gives, " Du vincfune oreille (vin excel- lent), Good wine. Du vin de deux oreilles (mauvais mn qui fait secouer les oreilles), Bad wine." the fine white wine ! upon my con- science it is a kiud of taffatas wine ; hiu, bin, it is of one ear (il est a une oreille). Urtfuhart's Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. v. 1 trust ye will applaud my Bordeaux ; c'est des deux oreilles, as Captain Yiusauf used to say. Waverley, i. 97. EAR- CONFESSION, private or auricular confession. Peter of Milan, with other of the pope's martyrs, . . . died for the pope's power, pardons, pilgrimages, ear - confession, and other popish matters. Bale, Select Works, p. 57. EAR-DEEP, reaching the ear only. I should ill deserve Thy noblest gift, the gift divine of song, If so content with ear-deep melodies To please all profit-less, I did not pour Severer strains. Southey, Triumph of Woman, 376. EAR-DROPPER, eaves-dropper. It is possible an ear-dropper might hear such things talk'd at cock-pits and dancing schools. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 81. EARISH, auricular. His [Antichrist's] idolatrous altars, his earish confession, his housel in one kind for the lay, . . . and all his petting pedlary is utterly banished and driven out of this land. Becon, iii. 4. EARN, a Scottish eagle. They gleamed on many a dusky tarn, Haunted by the lonely earn. Scott, Lay of Last Minstrel, c. iii. EAR-REACH, hearing ; earshot. Some invisible eare might be in ambush within the ear-reach of his words. Fuller, Holy State, V. xviii. The Bishop's chief care herein was the setting up of compleat Roods, commonly called (but when without his ear - reach) Bonner's Block-Almightie. Ibid., Waltham Abbey, p. 18. EARS. To hang ears = to incline ear ; to listen. Hang your ears This way, and hear his praises. Jonson, Majestic Lady, I. i. EARS. To shake the ears = to nod or shake the head, and so, as Wai pole seems to use it, to chuckle. Howell refers to the gesture, as indicating dis- comfiture. But I my selfe Broke fleame some twice or thrice, then shooke mine eares And lickt my lipps, as if I begg'd attention. Chapman, Mons. I? Olive, Act II. They shut their gates against him, and made him to shake his ears, and to shift for his lodging. Hoicell, Letters, I. i. 21. How merry my ghost will be, and shake its ears, to hear itself quoted as a person of consummate prudence. Walpole, Letters, i. 166 (1747). EARS. To sleep upon both ears = to sleep soundly. The proverb is a Latin one. See Terence., ffeaut., II. iii. 100. Let him set his heart at rest ; I will re- move this scruple out of his mind that he may sleep securely upon both ears. Bramhall, iii. 518. EARSHRIFT, private or auricular con- fession. And upon this either contempt or super- stitious fear drawn from the papists lenten preparation of forty days, earshrift, displing, &c., it cometh to pass that men receiving the Supper of the Lord but seldom, when they P EARSORE ECONOMY fall sick must have the Supper ministered unto them in their houses. Cartwriyht's Admonition, quoted in Whityift, ii. 556. Your eareshrift (one part of your penance) is to no purpose. Calf hill, Answer to Mar- Hall, p. 243. EARSORE, an annoyance to the ear. Eyesore is common. The perpetual jangling of the chimes too in all the great towns of Flanders is no small ear-sore to us. T. -Broicn, Works, i. 306. EARWIG, a secret counsellor. A favourite word with Hacket: in addi- tion to the subjoined, see ii. 152, 195. O hearken not to Rehoboam's earwigs. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 50. If all counsels offer'd to princes were spread out before many witnesses, ear-iriyys that buzz what they think fit in the retir d closet, durst not infect the royal audience with pernicious glozing. Ibid. i. 85. EAR-WORM, a secret counsellor. There is nothing in the oath to protect such an ear-worm, but he may be appeached. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 152. EASEMENT, a legal term for an accom- modation, such as a right of way, &c., which one man has of another ; also, a house of office : hence the equivoque in the following. They [the Scotch] should not go for to impose upon foreigners ; for the bills in their houses say they have different easements to let ; and behold there is nurro geaks in the whole kingdom. Smollett, Humphrey Clinker, ii. 48. EASTERLING. L. defines this " a na- tive of any country Eastward of an- other," but the word had also a nar- rower signification. See extracts. Then shall the easterlinyes (vpon hope to recover their olde and greater priuileges) aide him with men, money, and shippes. Bp. Ponet (Maitland on Reformation, p. 170). The merchants of the East-Land parts of Almain or High Germany (well known in former times by the name of Easterlies'). Heylin, Reformation, i. 230. The High-Dutch of the Hans Towns an- tiently much conversed in our Land (known by the name of Easterlim/s). Fuller, Wor- thies, ch. xxiv. EASY, indifferent : perhaps as being easy to get, not recherche. H. has, as provincialisms, easy-beef lean cattle, easy-end = cheap. The maister of the feast had set vpon the table wine that was but easie and so-so. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 348. EATON, see extract. The common sort of people doe plainly say, these Roman Workes were made by Giants, whom in the North parts they uss to call in their vulgar tongue Eatons, for Heathens (if I be not deceived) or Ethnicks. Holland's Camden, p. 63. EAVE, to shelter, as under eaves. His hat shap't almost like a cone, Taper at top, the wide end down ; With narrow rim scarce wide enough To eave from rain the staring ruff. Ward, England's Reformation, c. i. p. 102. EAVER. H. gives it, s. v. Ever, as a Devonshire word for rye-grass, and Devonshire is the county referred to in the extract. Neither doth it fall behind in meadow- ground and pasturage, clover, eaver, and trefoil grass, and turneps. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Brit., i. 362. EBAFTIZATION, cutting off from the benefits of baptism (?). Presbytery began to hasten its march in its might, furiously enough, . . . trying the metal and temper of its Censures by Ebap- tizations, Correptions, Abstentions, Excom- munications. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 16. EBRIETY, is used in the extract for sobriety, its real meaning being drunk- enness. Hook's mistake probably arose from the fact that inebriety also = drunkenness, and so, regarding the in as privative, he supposed ebriety to mean the reverse. This amiable abstemiousness was joked upon in various ways by the rest of the party, but the Colonel, who was quite aware of his men, set their ebriety down to the right cause. Th. Hook, Man of many friends. EBUCCINATOR, trumpeter. The ebuccinator, shewer, and declarer of these news, I have made Gabriel, the angel and ambassador of God. Becon, i. 43. ECLIPTICAL, elliptical. He conceives this word, On mine honour, wraps up a great deal in it, which unfolded and then measured, will be found to be a large attestation, and no less than an eclip- tical oath. Fuller, Holy State, IV. xii. 10. ECONOMY, management of a house- hold. The word is now so often used for frugality, that the following quota- tion seems worth noting. Fain. He keeps open house for all comers. Wid. He ought to be very rich, whose aeconomy is so profuse. Centlivre, The Arti- fice, Act IV. ECSTATIC ( 21 ECSTATIC, enthusiast. Old Hereticks and idle Ecstaticks, such as the very primitive times were infinitely pes- tred withal. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 201. EDACIOUS, voracious. Let us glance . . . into that ancient manse of Kilwinning ; all vanished now to the last stone of it long since ; swallowed in the depths of edacious Time. Carlyle, Misc.. iv. 236. EDENTATE, toothless creature. I tried to call to him to move, but how could a poor edentate like myself articulate a word ? C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. xxxvi. EDGE. Out of edge = on edge. Dentium stupor. A bluntness of the teeth, when with eating soure and sharpe things, they be out of edge. Higen's Nomenclator, 1585 (p. 428). EDGINGLY, gingerly. To edge in = to slide in, is a common expression. In came my uncle . . . while the new beau awkwardly followed, but more edyinyly, as I may say, setting his feet mincingly, to avoid treading upon his leader's heels. Richard- son, Cl. Harlowe, ii. 220. EDIBILATORY, having to do with edi- bles or eating. Edibilatory Epicurism holds the key to all morality. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Iviii. EDIFIE, to rise in the estimation of. Nor did he edifte better with the Queen, than he did with the subjects. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 191. But little did this edijie with the Leading- part in the House of Commons. Ibid. p. 439. EDUCATION, publishing. Most of this Doctor's posthume-books. have been happie in their education, I mean in being well brought forth into the world. Fuller, Ch. Hist., XI. i. 66. EELSKINS. These not being very valuable, a merchant of eelskins = one who has nothing left him worth having. He that wyll at all aduentures vse the seas, knowinge no more what is to be done in a tempest than in a caulme, shall soone becumme a marchant of eele skinnes. Aschain, Toxophilus, p. 151. EERIE, wild. It's like those eerie stories nurses tell. Browniny, Bp. Blougram's Apology. EERILY, in a strange, unearthly way. It was the voice of a human being . . . and it spoke in pain and woe ; wildly, eerily, urgently. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxxv. i ) EFFORT EERINESS, weirdness. We all know what a sensation of loneliness or " eeriness " (to use an expressive term of the ballad poetry) arises to any small party assembling in a single room of a vast deso- late mansion. De (Juincey, Modern Supersti- tion. EFFECTRESS, female worker or cause. They haue ... a Chappel dedicated to the Virgin Mary called Madonna del Scojio, re- puted effectresse of miracles, and much inuo- cated by sea-faring men. Sandys, Travels, p. 8. EFFECTUALLY, actually ; in fact ; en effet. Although his charter can not be produced with the formalities used at his creation . . . yet that he was effectually Earle of Cam- bridge by the ensuing evidence doth suffi- ciently appear. Fuller, Hist, of Comb. Univ., i. 21. Nor would any thing check me from going the greatest lengths with your sister, whom I think effectually, though perhaps not mali- ciously, a most wicked thing. Walpole to Mann,ii\. 157 (1756). I perceived that something darkened the passage more than myself, as I stepped along it to my room ; it was effectually Mons. Dessin, the master of the hotel. Sterne, Sentimental Journey (Calais). EFFICACE, efficacy. Yet 'tis not he with whom I mean to knit Mine inward covenant ; th' outward seal of it Ismael may bear, but not the efficace, (Thy sou, but after flesh, not after grace). Sylvester, The Vocation, 1026. [Angels] by the touch of their Hue efficace, Containing bodies which they seem t' em- brace. Ibid. 1116. EFFICIAT, efficient ; causative. The poniard that did end their fatal lives Shall break the cause efficiat of their woes (breaks the glass). Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 175. EFFIGIATION, image. No such effiyiation was therein discovered, which some nineteen weeks after became visible. Fuller, Ch. Hist., X. ii. 53. EFFLORESCE, to blossom forth. Cities, especially cities in revolution, are subject to these alternations ; the secret course of civic business and existence effer- vescing and efflorescing in this manner as a concrete phenomenon to the eye. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. III. ch. i. EFFORT, to stimulate. He efforted his spirits with the remem- brance and relation of what formerly he had been, and what he had done. Fuller, Wor- thies, Cheshire (i. 189). P 2 EFFORTLESS ( a EFFORTLESS, without an effort. But idly to remain Were yielding effortless, and waiting death. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. IV. Self-abandoned, relaxed, and effortless, I seemed to have laid me down in the dried- tip bed of a great river. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxvi. EFFRONTUOUSLY, impudently. He most effrontuously affirms the slander. North, Examen, p. 23. If these other clergy had carried it unduly, effrontuously, or authoritatively only towards the Dissenters without any reasons alledged or pious invitations, had not all the kingdom rang of the matter ?Ibid., p. 326. EFFULMINATION, denunciation. The Popes medled so far beyond their own bounds, attempting to send out effulmin- ations against Christian kings in all countries. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 32. EFREET, an imp or devil. It is the Arabic word for the devil. " Wadna ye prefer a meeracle or twa ? " asked Sandy, after a long pull at the whisky- toddy. " Or a few efreets ? " added I. C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. xxi. EGELIDATE, to thaw. Then should my teares egelidate His Gore, That from His Blood-founts for me flow'd before. Davies, Holy Roodc, p. 20. EGG. To break the egg in the pocket = to spoil the plan. This very circumstance of so many and considerable persons ranking themselves among the Tories, broke the eyy, as they say, in the pockets of the Whigs, and soon re- duced them to the terms of compounding to be rid of the distinction. North, Examen, p. 324. EGG-BALD, completely bald ; smooth as an egg. His chin was as smooth as a new-laid egg or a scraped Dutch cheese. Dickens, Martin Chuzzlewit, ch. xxix. If thou blurt thy curse among our folk, I know not I may give that egy-bald head The tap that silences. Tennyson, Harold, v. 1. EGGS. To come in with five eggs to make a foolish remark or suggestion. The second and third extracts are taken from Mr. Roberts's notes on the first. I do not, however, think that his ex- planation of the " five eggs " as a silly rumour or mare's-nest is quite correct, for it does not suit the passages. Sylla had really resigned the dictatorship ; it was no invention or error of the egg- merchants. 2 ) ELBOW To certain persons comyng in with their ftue eyyes, how that Sylla had geuen ouer his office of Dictature, as he shuld do, wher as Caesar kept it still ... he aunswered, &c. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 303. Whiles another gyueth counsell to make peace wyth the Kynge of Arragone . . . Another cummeth in wyth hys v. eggs, and aduyseth to howke in the Kynge of Castell. Robinson's More's Utopia (1551). sig. E. vi. One sayd, a well favoured olde woman she is ; The diuell she is, saide another ; and to this In came the third with his five eyyes, and sayde, Fiftie yere a goe I knew her a trym mayde. Heywood, Proverbs, Pt. II. cap. i. E ( ;GS. To tread upon eggs = to walk warily, as on delicate ground. A prince's Ganimede, with every day new suits, as the fashion varies, going as if he trod upon eyyes. Burton, Anatomy, p. 531. This gave him occasion to ruminate all the whole proceeding, to find if any slip had been made (for he all along trod upon eyys), and he could find nothing possible to be cavilled upon. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 245. EGGS. Sure as eggs is eggs, an ele- gant asseveration, perhaps derived from the proverbial likeness of one egg to another (see next entry) ; but Prof. De Morgan (N. and Q., III. vi. 203) suggests that this is a corruption of the logician's announcement of identity, x is x, and hence the ungrammatical form in which the proverb appears. If she lives to Lammas-day next she will be but fourteen years old, as sure as eygs is eyys. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. VII. ch. xi. And the bishop said, " Sure as eggs is eygs This here's the bold Tnrpin." Dickens, Pickwick, ch. xliii. EGGS. The likeness of one egg to another was proverbial. Lod. What am I fitted, gallants? am I fitted ? Jasp. To the life ; able to cheat suspicion, and so like Father Antony the confessor, that I protest There's not more semblance in a pair of eygs. Davenport, City Night-Cap, Act III. EKE-NAME. See extract. We have thousands of instances . . of such eke - names or epithet - names being adopted by the person concerned. Archceol., xliii. 110 (1871). ELABOUR, to elaborate ; work out. The marrow . . is a nourishment most perfectly elahoured by nature. Uryuharl's Rabelais, Author's Prologue. ELBOW. To shake the elbow = to ELBOW-POLISH ( 213 ) EL1GENT gamble. Tom Brown ( Works, ii. 46) uses "Knight of the elbow " = gamester. He's always shaking his heels with the ladies and his elbows with the lords. Van- bruyh, Confederacy, Act I. There's yet a gang to whom our spark sub- mits, Your elbow-shaking fool that lives hy 's wits. Prologue by a friend to Farquhar^s Constant Couple. ELBOW- POLISH, polish on furniture produced by rubbing. Nowhere else could an oak clock-case and an oak table have got to such a polish by the hand ; genuine elboic-polish, as Mrs. Poyser called it, for she thanked God she never had any of your varnished rubbish iu her house. G. Eliot, Adam ede, Bk. I. ch. vi. ELBOWS. The saying in the extract is a mode of expressing that there is no traceable relationship ; as we sometimes say, They are both descended from Adam. Ld. Sp. Pray, my Lady Smart, what kin are you to Lord Pozz ? Lady Sm. "Why, his grandmother and mine had four elbows. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. i.). ELBOWS. Out at elbows = poor, in difficulties. L. has the phrase in its literal sense, applied to dress : in at elbows comfortable, or respectable ; a less common phrase than the other. Fellow in arms, quoth he? he may well call him fellow in arms ; I am sure they are both out at elbows. Middleton. Mayor of Quinborouyh, Act V. It is a fervour not very frequent ... to embrace Religion in rags, and virtue when it is vagrant and mendicant, out at heels and elbows. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 257. Sneak into a corner, . . . down at heels and out at elbows. Gentleman Instructed, p. 212. I don't suppose you could get a high style of man ... for pay that hardly keeps him in at elboics. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch.xxxviii ELDERN, of the elder tree. Weeds are counted herbs in the beginning of the spring ; nettles are put in pottage, and sallats are made of eldern-buds. Fuller, Holy State, I. v. 2. ELECTIONEER, to canvass, or to be busy in an election. He ... took care to engage in his interest all those underlings who delight in galloping round the country to electioneer. Miss Edye- u-orth, Eosanna, ch. iii. ELECTIONEERER, a person busy in an election ; an agent or canvasser. Her urgent entreaties were now joined to those of Lord Glistonbury, and of many loud-tongued electioneered, who proved to Vivian, by everything but calculation, that he must be returned if he would but stand. Miss Edyeworth, Vivian, ch. ii. ELEGIZE, to lament as in an elegy. I had written thus far, and perhaps should have elegized on for a page or two farther, when Harry, who has no idea of the dignity of grief, blundered in. Walpole, Letters, i. 329 (1754). ELEMENT, the air. And soflenly he loked upe into the elyment and said, God saue hir grace ! Petition circa 1553 (Archaol., xxiii. 31). ELEUTHEROMANIA, madness for free- dom. Our peers have in too many cases laid aside their frogs, laces, bag-wigs ; and go about in English costume, or ride rising in the stirrups in the most headlong manner ; nothing but insubordination, eleutheromania, confused, un- limited opposition in their heads. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. III. ch. iv. ELEUTHEROMANIAC, mad for freedom. Eleutheromaniac philosophedom grows ever more clamorous. Carlyle, Fr. Eev., Pt. I. Bk. II. ch. v. ELEVATED, intoxicated. I went and was very plentifully entertained . . . with a capacious vessel of this most noble Diapente, insomuch that we were all elevated above the use of our legs as well as our reason. T. Broicn, Works, ii. 194. His depth of feeling is misunderstood ; he is supposed to be a little elevated, and no- body heeds him. Dickens, Martin Chuzzle- wit, ch. ix. ELEVATION. See quotation. " They as dinnot tak' spirits down thor, tak' their pennord o' elevation then women- folk especial." " "What's elevation ?" . . . " Opium, bor' alive, opium." C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xii. ELKISH, intractable, like an elf ; generally applied to human beings, or else to fairies, &c. The Cypres tree ... is elfishe and frowarde to spring vp. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 329. ELF-LOCKED, having elf-locks or tangled hair. The elfe-lockt fury all her snakes had shed. Stapylton, Juvenal, vii. 83. ELIGENT, an elector. The eliaents, who make the king by their vote, are tyed fast by their own oaths and faith to their own act. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 201. ELIGHT EMBOSS ELIGHT, to alight. As sone as he had brought the horse backe again and had eliyhted down, his father moste louingly kissing his cheeke, said, O my dere sonne, go serche out some other kingdom meete for thee, for Macedonia is already all too litle for thee. Udafs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 225. ELINGUATE, to deprive of the tongue. The damned Doomes-man hath Him judg'd to death, The Diu'll that Diu'll elinguate for his doome. Davies, Holy Roode, p. 14. ELOPER, one who elopes. Nothing less, believe me, shall ever urge my consent to wound the chaste propriety of your character, by making you an eloper with a duellist. Mad. D'Arblay, Cecilia,ch.ii. ELOQUIOUS, eloquent. Eloquious hoarie beard, father Nestor, you were one of them ; and you, M. Ulisses, the prudent dwarf e of Pallas, another ; of whom it is Illiadized that your very nose dropt sugarcandie. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., \i. 162). ELRITCH, strange, weird. The little man laughed a little laugh, sharp and elritch, at the strange cowardice of the stalwart daredevil. Lytton, What will he do viith it? Bk. VI. ch. v. ELUCIDATIVE, explanatory. Such a set of documents may hope to be elucidative in various respects. Carlyle, Cromwell, i. 10. ELUCTATE, to struggle out. They did eluctate out of their injuries with credit to themselves. Racket, Life of Williams, i. 36. ELVER-CAKE. See extract ; and L. s, v. elver. Cainsham River is noted for producing multitudes of little eels in the spring of the year ; these the people catch when they are about two inches long ; and, having boiled them, they make them into small cakes for sale. These elver-cakes they dispose of at Bath and Bristol ; and when they are fried and eaten with butter, nothing can be more delicious. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, ii. 306. EMANUENSIS, one who writes from the dictation of another ; it may be only a misprint for amanuensis. All their clerks, emanuenses, notaries, ad- vocates, proctors, secretaries, . . . would all lose their several employments. Kennet's Erasmus, Praise of Folly, p. 129. EMBARGED, in a barge. R. has em- Large = to lay an embargo on. Triumphall musick from the floud arose, As when the Soueraigne we embarg'd doe see, And by faire London for his pleasure rowes. Drayton, Robert of Normandy. EMBARREL, to pack in a barrel. Our emlarreld white-herrings . . . last in long voyages. Nashe, Lenten Stuffs (Harl. Misc., vi. 179). EMBASSATORIAL, pertaining to an am- bassador. "Why should an ambassador desire that his embassatorial letters to his master should be burnt before witness? North, Exatnen, p. 581. EMBASSATRIX, ambassadress. Here was not only a message by word of mouth from the King of France by a great princess sent oil that errand, but an embassa- trix resident to pursue the point of raising the grandeur of France. North, Examen, p. 479. EMBENCHED, banked up. Cerdicus . . . was the first May-lord or captaine of the Morris-daunce that on those embenched shelves stampt his footing. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 150). EMBERED, strewn with embers or ashes. On the -white-ember' d hearth Heapt up fresh fuel. Southey, Joan of Arc, Bk. II. EMBLANCH, to whiten. It was impossible that a spot of so deep a dye should be emblanched.^Heylin, Life of Laud, p. 260. EMBLOODY, to make bloody or san- guinary. Oh the unmatchable cruelty that some men's religion (if I may so call it) hath em- bloodied them to ! Adams, ii. 146. EMBOGGED, plunged in a bog. General Murray . . . got into a mistake and a morass, attacked two bodies that were joined when he hoped to come up with one of them before the junction, was enclosed, embogaed, and defeated. Walpole to Mann, iii. 392 (1760). EMBOLISMIC, intercalated. They who used the lunar year of 354 days ad- justed it to the solar year by the occa- sional intercalation of a year of thirteen months. The signs and symbols of the thirteen months of the Anglo-Saxon emlolismic year. Arch., xliv. 146 (1871). EMBOSS, boss ; protuberance. In this is a fountaiue out of which gushes EMBRACIVE ( 21 a river rather than a streeme, which ascend- ing a good height breakes upon a round embosse of marble into millions of pearles. Evelyn, Diary, Nov. 1 7, 1644. EMBRACIVE, caressing in a demon- strative way. Not less kind in her way, though less expansive and embracive, was Madame de Montcontour to my wife. Thackeray, The Newcomes, ch . Ivii. EMBRAKE, entangle. See ENBRAKE. Revenged hee would bee by one chimera of imagination or other, and hamper and embrake her in those mortal straights for hir disdaine. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 176). EMBRAWN, to harden. The extract is given at greater length s. v. ITINERATE. It will embrawne and iron-crust his flesh. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 165). EMBRING DAYS, Ember Days. They introduced, by little and little, a general neglect of the Weekly Fasts, the holy time of Lent, and the Embring-dai/s. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 389. EMBROIL, disturbance. It was well for him that the Parliament was dissolved, else they had pursued their impeachment against him, and what an em- broil it had made in Parliament is not easy to conjecture. North, Examen, p. 568. EMBRYOLOGICALLY, according to the rules of embryology, which science studies the fetal development of crea- tures. Is the hyppolais a warbler embryologically, or is he a yellow finch, connected with serins and canaries, who has taken to singing ? C. Kingsley, 1867 (Life, ii. 203). EMBRYOTIC, pertaining to an embryo. See extract s. v. UNMECHANIZE. EMERGEMENT, an unexpected occur- rence. Go it would, as fast as one man could con- vey it in speech to another all the town over ; it being usually observed that such emerge' ments disperse in rumor unaccountably. North, Examen, p. 401. EMERGENCIES, casual profits; wind- falls. And now he is actually possessed not only of the jurisdiction, but of the rents, profits, and emergencies belonging to a Bishop of Bath and Wells. Heylin, Life of Laud, p. 159. EMOTIVENESS, susceptibility to emo- tion. The adj. emotive is given by R. with a quotation from Brooke ; it is of frequent occurrence in Daniel Deronda. 5 ) ENARM The more exquisite quality of Deronda's nature that keenly perceptive, sympathetic emotiveness which ran along with his specu- lative tendency was never more thoroughly tested. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xl. EMPANOPLIED, fully armed. The lists were ready. Empanoplied and plumed We entered in, and waited, fifty there Opposed to fifty. Tennyson, Princess, v. EMPIEM, an imposthume in the breast. The spawling empiem, ruthless as the rest, With foul impostumes fils his hollow chest. Sylvester, The Fairies, 402. EMPIRE, to assume authority over. They should not empire over Presbyteries, but be subject to the same. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 217. EMPLUMED, adorned as with feathers. E. UB implumed = featherless, with extracts from Drayton. Angli anijeli (resumed From the mediaeval story) Such rose angelhoods, emplumed In such ringlets of pure glory. Mrs. Browning, Song for Ragged Schools. EMPORTMENT, passion ; indignation : a French word used by North as though it were English. His lordship, being provoked would warm, as I could discern by the air of his counten- ance, but few less acquainted with him could perceive anything of it ; and he was the more silent as he discerned any such emport- ment in himself. North, Life of Lord Guil- ford, ii. 53. To lay aside emportments so justly pro- voked, and come to the two papers which I had almost forgot. Ibid., Examen, p. 653. EMPRISE, to undertake. In secret drifts I liuger'd day and night, All how I might depose this cruel king, That seem'd to all so much desired a thing, As thereto trusting I emprised the same. Sackville, The Duke of Buckingham, st. 58. ENAIR, to air or employ. It in the extract is the lady's tongue. Who, when she lists (with balm-breath's ambrosie) Shee it enaires in prose and poesy. Davies, Wittes Pilgrimage, p. 31. EN ARCH, to arch in. God . . . caused the blacke cloudes to poure down vpon them store of funerall teares, enarching the ayre with a spatious rainebow. Speed, History, Bk. IX. ch. xii. ENARM, to arm. While shepherds they enarme vnus'd to dan- ger. Hudson's Judith, i. 371. ENBASTE ENDAMN1FY ENBASTE, to steep or embue. It is not agreeable for the Holy Ghost, which may not suffer the Church to err in interpreting the Scriptures, to permit the same notwithstanding to be oppressed with superstition, and to be enbasted with vain opinions. Phifpot, p. 375. ENBRAKE, to ensnare, entangle. See EMBRAKE. Being enbraked and hampered in the middes of those mortalle streightes, he might even in his life time begin to lacke the vse of all the elementes. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 286. ENCAPTIVE, to take captive. She sent all her Jewells to the Jewish Lumbarde to pawn, to buy and encaptive him to her trenchour, but her purveyour came a day after the faire. Nashe, Lenten Stujf'e (Harl. Misc., vi. 174). ENCARN ALIZE, to make gross or fleshly. "We shudder but to dream our maids should ape Those monstrous males that carve the living hound, And cram him with the fragments of the grave, Or in the dark, dissolving human heart, And holy secrets of this microcosm, Dabbling a shameless hand with shameful jest, Encarnalize their spirits. Tennyson, Princess, iii. ENCHAIRED, seated in the chair, pre- siding. But thou, Sir Lancelot, sitting in my place Enchair'd to-morrow, arbitrate the field. Tennyson, The Last Tournament. EXCHEQUER, to checker, to arrange in chequered pattern. For to pave The excellency of this cave, Squirrels' and children's teeth late shed Are neatly here enchequered. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 177. ENCLARITED, mixed with claret. Lips she has all rubie red, Cheeks like creame enclarited. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 146. ENCLASP, to clasp round. O Union, that enclaspest in thyne armes All that in Heau'n and Earth is great or good. Dames, Bien Venn, p. 5. ENCLITICAL. An enclitical is a par- ticle which throws back the accent, on the foregoing syllable ; hence in the quotation it is used of a lean-to. The barrel . . . stood in a little shed or enclitical penthouse. Graves, Spiritual Quix- ote, Bk. II. ch. vii. ENCOACHED, borne in a coach. Great Tamburlaine (Like Phaeton) drawne, encoacht in burnisht gold. Daisies, Wittes' Pilgrimage, p. 22. ENCOLURE. This is a French word, meaning the neck of an animal, applied also to the way in which the neck is set on the shoulders ; a " crisped en- colure " would be a neck with a short, cropped mane, or perhaps a curly -haired neck. Hair in heaps lay heavily Over a pale brow spirit-pure, Carved like the heart of the coal-black tree, Crisped like a war-steed's encolure. Browning, The Statue and the Bust. EXCOMIONIZE, to praise. You would prefer him before tart and galingale which Chaucer preheminentest en- comionizeth above all junquetries or confec- tionaries whatsoever. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 158). ENCOMY, praise ; encomium. Many popish parasites and men-pleasing flatterers have written large commendations and encomies of those. Bale, Select Works, p. 7. ENCOURAGE, to strengthen: used quaintly in the extract. Erasmus had his Lagena or flagon of wine (recruited weekly from his friends at London) which he drank sometimes singly by it selfe, and sometimes encouraged his faint Ale with the mixture thereof. Fuller, Hist, of Camb., v. 48. ENCUMBROUS, troublesome. The ex- tract is from a letter of Bp. Gardiner to the Protector Somerset, 1547. To avoid many encumbrous arguments, which wit can devise against the truth, I send to your grace the copy of mine answer. Strype, Cranmer, Bk. II. ch. iii. (note). ENCURLED, twisted ; interlaced. Implye Like streames which flow Encurlld together, and noe difference show In their siluer waters. Heii'ick, Appendix, p. 450. END. To get the better end of=to get the better of. We speak of having hold of the right or wrong end of the stick. By all which it should seem we have rather cheated the devil than he us, and have gotten the better end of him. Sanderson, i. 183. ENDAMNIFY, to injure. ENDEARANCE ( 217 ) ENGASTROMITH Those who hired the fishing of that lake adjoining, were endamnified much by the violent breaking in of the seas. Sandys, Travels, p. 276. ENDEARANCE, affection. But my person and figure you'll best under- stand From the picture I've sent by an eminent hand; Show it young Lady Betty, by way of en- dearance, And to give her a spice of my mien and appearance. Anstey, New Bath Guide, Letter 10. ENDIABLEE, possess, as with a devil. Such an one as might best endiablee the rabble, and set them a bawling against popery. North, Examen, p. 571. ENDIABLEMENT, diabolical possession. There was a terrible rage of faces made at him, as if an endiablement had possessed them all. North, Examen, p. 608. ENDIRONS, andirons. Ezek. xl. 43, margin, " endirons or the two hearth- stones ; " the text has hooks. Perhaps this form of the word arose from the supports at each end of the fire- place on which the logs rested. End- iron has, however, nothing to do ety- mologically with end or iron. See Wedgewood. ENDOME, to cover as with a dome. And here among the English tombs, In Tuscan ground we lay her; While the blue Tuscan sky endomes Our English words of prayer. Mrs. Brmcniny, Child's Grave at Florence. ENDOTE, to endow. Their own heirs do men disherit to endote ihem.Tyndale, i. 249. ENDS. To make both ends meet = to live within one's income. "Worldly wealth he cared not for, desiring onely to make both ends meet ; and as for that little that lapped over, he gave it to pious uses. Fuller, Worthies, Cumberland. If I can but make both ends meet, that's all I ask for. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. iii. ENDUNGEON, to imprison. It, being a sweaty loggerhead, greasie sowter, endunc/eoned in his pocket a twelve- month, stunk so over the pope's palace, that not a scullion but cried, " Fob ! " Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 172). Were we endungeorfd from our birth, yet wee Would weene there were a sunne. Dawes, Mirum in Modum, p. 26. ENEMY, a synonym for time, as that which is constantly enfeebling us, and bringing us to our end ; it is also an enemy which many people try to kill. " How goes the enemy, Snobb ? " asked Sir Mulberry Hawk. "Four minutes gone." Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby, ch. xix. ENFAROE, to stuff. Therefore have I now prepared for you a godly potation worthy this time, that you may go home again from me, not with mouths, but with minds, not with bellies, but with souls, replenished andew/ 'arced with celestial meat. Becon, Potation for Lent, i. 91. ENFAVOUR, favour. If any shall enfavour me so far as to con- vince me of any error therein, I shall in the second edition (God lending me life to set it out) return him both my thanks and amend- ment. Fuller, Pisgah Sight, V. i. ENFEAR, to frighten. But now a woman's look his hart enfeares. Hudson, Judith, v. 33. ENFERTILE, to fertilize. From the sea ... it swelleth np with mountaines, unless it bee where the rivers Dee . . . and Done make way for themselves and enfertile the fields. Holland's Camden, ii. 46. ENFESTER, to fester in. His Vesture glu'd with gore-blood to His Backe, Which His enfettered sores exulcerates. Davies, Holy Eoode, p. 16. ENFRAME, to enclose. But all the powers of the house of Godwin Are not enframed in thee. Tennyson, Harold, i. 1. ENFRENZIED, maddened. With an enfrenzied grasp he tore the jasey from his head. Ingoldsby Legends (Jarvis's Wig). ENFUME, to blind or obscure with smoke. Davies says that " perturba- tions " Gainst their Guides doe fight, And so enfume them that they cannot see. Microcosmos, p. 38. ENGAGE, engagement, bargain. No man can say it's his by heritage, Nor by legacie or testatour's device, Nor that it came by purchase or engage, Nor from bis Prince for any good service. Puttenham, Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xix. ENGASTROMITH, ventriloquist, and so magician. Cf. Isaiah xliv. 25 (Sep- tuagint), and my Bible English, p. 24. ENGINE ( 218) ENORME So all incenst the pale engastromith (Kul'd by the furious spirit he's haunted with) Speakes in his womb. Sylvester, The Imposture, p. 230. ENGINE, gin or trap. The hidden engines, and the snares that lie So undiscovered, so obscure to th' eye. Quarles, Emblems, iii. 9. ENGINE, to assault. "We fear not Taurus, the bull, that shoots his horns from Rome, nor Scorpio that sends his venomous sting from Spain, nor the un- christened Aries of infidels, profane and pro- fessed enemies to engine and batter our walls. Adams, i. 29. ENGORE. The Diets, give this word = to pierce, but in the extract it = to make bloody, and also at xii. 212. Cf. INGORE. A most unmanly noise was made with those he put to sword, Of groans and outcries. The flood blush'd to be so much engor'd With such base souls. Chapman, Iliad, xxi. 22. ENGRAND, to make great, aggrandize. The Duke ... by all means endeavoured to engrand his posterity. Fuller, Hist, of Camb., vii. 42. ENGRAVEN, to engrave. As our Maker has stamp'd His image in our foreheads, so He has also engraven'd the knowledge of Himself in our souls. Gentle- man Instructed, p. 250. ENHAVACING, destruction. The earth hath not scanted her fruits, but our concealings have been close, our enhavac- ings ravenous, our transportations lavish. Adams, i. 87. ENHEARTEN, to encourage. When their agents came to him to feel his pulse, they found it beat so calm and even, that he sent them messages to enhearten them. Hacket, Life of Williams, II. 141. ENHUILE, to anoint. Then they used ... to kill, and offer their sacrifices ; yea, and their manner was to enhuile or anoint their very altars all over. Holland's Camden, p. 771. ENJOY, joy, happiness. As true love is content with his enjoy, And asketh no witnesse nor no record. Puttenham, Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xix. ENKENNELLED, shut in a kennel. Davies speaks of Diogenes as "the Dog," That alwaies in a tub enkennelFd lies. Microcosmos, p. 84. ENKERXELLED, enclosed in a kernel. When I muse Upon the aches, anxieties, and fears The Maggot knows not, Nicholas, methinks It were a happy metamorphosis To be enkernell'd thus. Southey, Nondescripts, vi. ENLAWRELLED, crowned with laurels. For Swaines that con no skill of holy rage Bene foe-men to faire skil's enlawrell'd Queen. Davies, Eclogue, p. 20. ENLURING, enticement. They know not the detractions of slander, underminings of envy, provocations, heats, enlurings of lusts. Adams, i. 311. ENMINGLE, to immingle. Love embitter'd with tears Suits but ill with my years, When sweets bloom enmingled around, Hurgoyne, Lord of the Manor, I. i. ENMONTERY. He was shot through the enmontery of the left arm, and the arrow dividing those grand auxiliary vessels, he died of the flux of blood immediatly. Fuller, Ch. Hist., X. v. 12. ENNEAL. In those to shew himselfe rather artificiall then natural! were no lesse to be laughed at than for one that can see well inough to vse a paire of spectacles, or not to heare but by a trunke put to his eare, nor feele without a paire of ennealed glooues, which things in deed helpe an infirme sence, but annoy the perfit. Puttenham, Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xxv. ENNEALOGUE. See quotation. In the aforesaid ten commandments as exemplified in the council of Alfred, the second commandment is wholly expunged. . . . The worst is, when this was wanting the Decalogue was but an Ennealogue. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. iv. 42. ENNICHE, to place in a niche or con- spicuous position. Slawkenbergius, . . . indeed, in many re- spects, deserves to be ennich'd as a prototype for all writers, of voluminous works at least, to model their books by. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, III. 29. ENORME, to make monstrous : this verb is often used by Davies, who also spells it with an i. Then lets hee friends the fantacie enorme With strong delusions and with passions dire. Davies, Mi rum iu Modum, p. 9. They stand still falling whom He doth vphold, And who goes carelesse, curelesse He enormes. Ibid., Mine's Sacrifice, p. 50. ENOUGH ( 219 ENTER-KNOW Thy Hands that form'd, reform'd, and me conformed, Were to a Crosse transfixed for my sake, To help my hatefull hands that sinne inorm'd. Ibid., p. 12. ENOUGH AND ENOUGH, more than enough. The second quotation is from a letter of " Daddy Cripps " to Miss Burney. Every one of us, from the bare sway of his own inherent corruption, carrying enoiujli and enough about him to assure his final doom. South, Sermons, vi. 126. The play has wit enough and enough, but the story and the incidents don't appear to me interesting enough to seize and keep hold of the attention and eager expectations of the generality of audiences. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, i. 300. ENPOVER, impoverish. Lest they should theym selves enpover And be brought into decaye, Pover oilly shepperdis they gett, "VVhome into their farmes they sett Lyvynge on mylke, whyg, and whey. Ray and Barlow, Rede me and be nott wrothe, p. 100. ENRAGE, to rage : usually an active verb. My father, I am certain by his letter, will now hear neither petition nor defence ; on the contrary, he will only enrage at the temerity of offering to confute him. Mad. D'Arblay, Cecilia, Bk. IX. ch. vii. ENSAINT, to canonize. For his ensatnting, looke the almanack in the beginning of Aprill, and see if you can finde out such a saint as Saint Gildarde, which in honour of this gilded fish, the pope so ensainted. Naske, Lenten Stujfe (Harl. Misc., vi. 174). ENSHORE, to enharbour. Then Death (the end of ill unto the good) Enshore my soule neer drownd in flesh and bloud. Davies, Wittes Pilgrimage, p. 40. ENSHORED, received on shore. De- venere locos, in original. Theare they were enshoared, wheare thow shalt shortlye see townwals. Stanyhurst, jEn., i. 350. EXSINDON, to wrap in a sindon or linen cloth. aivSovt is the word in Matt, xxvii. 59. Now doth this loving sacred Synaxie (With diuine orizons and deuout teares) Ensindon Him with choicest draperie. Davies, Holy Roode, p. 28. ENSOROELL. Not any one of all these honor'd parts Your princely happes and habites that do moue, And as it were ensorcell all the hearts Of Christen kings to quarrel for your loue. Sir T. Wyat, quoted in Puttenham, Bk. HI. ch. xix. ENSPANGLE, to cover with spangles. One more by thee, love and desert have sent T' enspangle this expansive firmament. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 204. EMTASK, to lay a task upon. Yet sith the Heav'ns haue thus entaskt my layes, It is enough, if heer-by I invite Som happier spirit to do thy Muse more right. Sylvester, 4 day, 1st weeke, 56. ENTEMPEST, to visit with storm. Such punishment I said were due To natures deepliest stained with sin For aye entempesting anew The unfathomable hell within ; The horror of their deeds to view, To know and loathe, yet wish and do. Coleridge, Pains of Sleep. ENTER, to set on game. No sooner had the northern carles begun their hunts-up but the Presbyterians flock'd to London from all quarters, and were like hounds ready to be entred. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 143. ENTERBATHE, to bathe mutually ; to intermingle tears. Lo at thy presence, how who late were prest To spur then: steeds, and couch their staues in rest For fierce incounter, cast away their spears, And rapt with joy, them enterbathe with tears. Sylvester, Handicrafts, 21. ENTERBRAID, to lace together. Their shady boughs first bow they tenderly, Then enterbraid, and bind them curiously. Sylvester, Handicrafts, 209. ENTERFLOW, channel. Holland also uses the verb interfloio, q. v. These Hands .... are severed one from another by a narrow enterjloio of the Sea betweene. Holland's Camden, ii. 215. ENTERKISS, to kiss mutually ; to come in contact. And water 'nointing with cold-moist the brims Of th' enter-kissing turning globes extreams, Tempers the heat. Sylvester, 2nd day, 1st weeke, 1050. ENTER - KNOW, to be mutually ac- quainted. I have desired ... to enter-knmo my good God, and his blessed Angels and Saints. Bp. Hall, Inv. World, Pref . ENTERMEWER ( 220 ) ENVIRONMENT ENTERMEWER. H., who gives no quotation, defines it " a hawk that changes the colour of its wings." Nor nmst you expect from high antiquity the distinctions of Eyass and Kamage Hawks, of Sores and Entermeicers. Sir T. rown. Tract 5. ENTERMINE, an intervening mine, or entrance of a mine (?). While hotly thus they skirmish in the vault, Quick Ebedmelech closely hither brought, A dry-fat sheath'd in latton plates without, Within with feathers fill'd, and round about Bor'd full of holes (with hollow pipes of brass) Save at one end, where nothing out should pass ; Which (havig first his Jewish troops retir'd) Just in the mouth of th' entermine he fir'd. Sylvester, The Decay, 949. ENTERSPLIT, to split in two. There's not a shaft but hath a man for white, Nor stone but lightly in warm bloud doth light ; Or if that any fail their foes to hit In fall, in flight themselves they enter-split. Sylvester, The Vocation, 301. ENTHWITE, to chide. See ENTWITE. By that word he means to enthmte them, and, as I may say, to cry them down. An- drewes, Sermons, v. 20. ENTILTMENT, shed ; tent. The best houses and walls there were of mudde, or canvaz, or poldavies entiltments. Nashe, Lenten Stujfe (Harl. Misc., vi. 171). ENTIRE, used as a subst. for entirety. I am narrating as it were the Warrington manuscript, which is too long to print in entire. Thackeraq, Virginians, ch. Ixiii. ENTIRE HORSE, a stallion. One of these old soldiers was what the Spaniards, with the gravity peculiar to their language, call a Caballo Padre, or what some of our own writers, with a decorum not less becoming, appellate an entire horse. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxxxvi. ENTOMOLOGISE. to pursue the study of insects, or to collect specimens. It is too rough for trawling to-day, and too wet for entomoloyisiny.C. Kitwsley, 1849 (Life, i. 171). ENTRADAS (Spanish), revenues ; in- come. See ENTRATES. His own revenues of a large extent, But in the expectation of his uncle' And guardian's entradas, by the course Of nature to descend on him, a match For the best subject's blood. Massinyer, Guardian, V. iii. ENTRAIN, to draw on. The Mutineers were grown so weak, They found 'twas more than time to squeak: They call for work, but 'twas too late : The Stomach (like an aged maid, Shrunk up for want of human aid) The common debt of nature paid, And with its destiny entrained their fate. Vanbruyh, JEsop, Act II. EXTRATES, revenues. See ENTRADAS. The Lord Treasurer Cranfeild,a good hus- band of the entrates of the Exchequer, com- plain'd against him to the King. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 83. ENTRELICE, trellis work (?). I observ'd that the appearing timber punchions, entrelices, &c., were all so cover'd with scales of slate, that it seemed carv'd in the wood and painted, the slate fastened on the timber in pretty figures that has, like a coate of armour, preserv'd it from rotting. Evelyn, Diary, Jan. 3, 1666. ENTWITE, twit; blame. See EN- THWITE. Thou doest naught to entinte me thus, And with soche wordes opprobrious To vpbraid the giftes amorous Of the glittreyug Goddesse Venus. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 165. ENUMERATE is used in the extract for innumerable. " Things creeping innu- merable" is the reading both in the Bible and Prayer-Book versions. And as Thy wealth the Earth do's bound, So wondrous is the spacious Sea, Where fish enumerate are found, And small and great depend on Thee. D'Urfey, Poem on Psalm CIV. ENUNCIATOR, declarer. The inquisitive servants . . . were all questioning her about the news of which she wast he first, and not very intelligible enunci- ator.Miss Edaeworth, Ennui, ch. xv. ENUNIED, united. Neither can any man at all be made clean . . . except by faith they be enunied and joined together in the body of Him which without any carnal enticement and morti- ferous delectation was conceived. Becon, i. 79. ENVAPOUR, to surround with vapour. On a still-rocking couch lies blear-ey'd Sleep< Snorting alowd, and with his panting breath Blowes a black fume, that all envapoureth. Sylvester, The Vocation, 555. ENVIRONMENT, surrounding. This word is now not uncommon. The EN WRITE ( 221 ) EPISCOPIZE second extract is from a letter from Sterling to Carlyle about the Sartor fiesartus of the latter (1835). R., however, quotes Philemon Holland for the word. Man's whole life and environment have been laid open and elucidated. Cartyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. I. ch. i. First as to the language. A good deal of this is positively barbarous. " Environment," " vestural," " stertorous," " visualised," "com- plected," and others, to be found, I think, in the first twenty pages, are words, so far as I know, without any authority ; some of them contrary to analogy ; and none repaying by their value the disadvantage of novelty. Ibid., Life of Sterling, Pt. II. ch. ii. A shape hitherto unnoticed, stirred, rose, came forward ; a shape inharmonious with the environment, serving only to complicate the riddle further. Miss Bronte, Fillette, ch. xvi. ENWRITE, to inscribe. What wild heart histories seemed to be en- written Upon those crystalline celestial spheres. E. A. Poe, To Helen (ii. 18). EOAN, eastern ; pertaining to the dawn. Armenian girls Call him the Mithra of tLe middle world, That sheds Eoan radiance on the West. Taylor, Isaac Comnenus, iii. 5. EPARCH, a commander. The prefects and the eparchs will resort 1 To the Bucoleon with what speed they may. Taylor, Isaac Comnenus, ii. 3. EPHEMERALITIES, transient trifles. This lively companion .... chattered ephemeralities while Gerard wrote the im- mortal lives. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Ixi EPICHORIAL, belonging to the country. Local or epichorial superstitions from every district of Europe come forward by thousands. De Quincey, Modern Supersti- tion. EPICURE, to live like an epicure ; to epicurize. They did Epicure it in daily exceedings, as indeed where should men fare well, if not in a King's HiJl ? Fuller, Hist, of Camb., ii. 48. EPICURELY, delicately ; luxuriously. His horses (quatenus horses) are proven- dered as epicurely. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 179). EPIGRAMMATARIAN, epigrammatist. Onr epiyrammatarians, old and late, Were wont be blamed for too licentiate. Hall, Satires, I. ix. 29. EPIGRAM MATISM, epigrammaticul character. The latter [derivation] would be greedily seized by nine philologists out of ten, for no better cause than its epiyrammatism. E. A . Poe, Marginalia, Ixvii. EPIGRAPH, an inscription. L. (who gives no example) quotes from Todd : " Dr. Johnson gives the Greek angli- cised in epigraphe, a word of four syl- lables, as he places the accent on the second. But I take epigraph to be an old English word, merely with the superfluous final e, as was formerly common, and intended like paragraph or autograph to be pronounced in three syllables." Dr. Meret, a learned man and Library- Keeper shew'd me . . . the statue and epi- graph under it of that renowned physitiaii Dr. Harvey, discoverer of the circulation of the blood. Evelyn, Diary, Oct. 3, 1662. EPIKY (IjTwiieaa) "expresses exactly that moderation which recognises the impossibility cleaving to formal law of anticipating and providing for all cases that will emerge, and present them- selves to it for decision; which, with this, recognises the danger that ever waits upon the assertion of legal rights lest they should be pushed into moral wrongs, lest the sumimimjus should in fact prove the summa injuria ; which, therefore, pushes not its own rights to the uttermost, but going back in part or in the whole from these, rectifies and redresses the injustices of justice" (Trench, New Test. Synonyms, sect. 43). I am provoked of some to condemn this law, but I am not able, so it be but for a time, and upon weighty considerations ; so that it be used rarely, seldomly : for avoiding disturbance in the commonwealth, such an epiky and moderation may be used in it. Latimer, i. 182. EPIPHONEME, an exclamation. This Anglicised form is not common. [The wise man] in th' ende cryed out with this Epyphoneme, Vanitas vanitatum et omnia vanitas. Puttenham, Eny. Poesie, Bk. II. ch. xii. EPISCOPANT, a bishop. The intercession of all these apostolic fathers could not prevail with them to alter their resolved decree of reducing into order their usurping and over-provendered episco- pcnits. Milton, Prelatical Episcopacy. EPISCOPIZE, to consecrate to the epis- EPISTAL ( 222 ) ESCRITOIRE copal office. The word usually signifies to exercise that office. They alleged that he had even pressed the Greek to consecrate him a bishop also. . . . There seems reason to believe that "Wesley was willing to have been episcopized upon this occasion. Southey, Life of Wesley, ch. xx vi. EPISTAL, epistyle or architrave. R. gives epistyle, but his only extract is from Evelyn, who uses the Latin epis- tylium. The walls and pauement of polished mar- ble, circled with a great Corinthian wreath, with pillars and Epistals of like workman- ship. Sandys, Travels, p. 287. EPITAPHER, a writer of epitaphs. Epitaphers . , . swarme like Crowes to a dead carcas. Nashe, Pref. to Greene's Mena* phon, p. 14. EPITAPHIC, epitaph. An epitaphic is the writinge that is sette on deade mennes toumbes or graues in memory or commendacion of the parties there buried. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 221. EPOPffiiST, a writer of epics. It is not long since two of our best-known epopceists, or, to use the more common term, of our novel-writers, have concluded each a work published by instalments. Phillips, Essays from the Times, ii. 321. EPOSCULATION, kissing. I pass over your . . . incurvations and eposculations. your benedictions and humilia- tions. Hecon, iii. 283. EQUESTRIAL, equestrian : for which it may be a misprint. There are two others of the same King, one equestrial, and most furiously ugly, in Stocks-market, and the other in Soho-square. Misson, Travels in Eny., p. 309. EQUINOCTIA, equinoxes. Shakespeare had already used the English form equinox (Othello, ii. 3). Shepherds of people had need know the calenders of tempests in state, which are commonly greatest when things grow to equality, as natural tempests about the equi- noctia. Bacon, Essays (Seditions). EQUIPAGE, equality. This sense, as Bp. Jacobson observes, clears up the passage in the Merry Wives of Wind- sor, which has perplexed commentators. See N., . v. The expression only oc- curs in the quarto, and is not found in the best modern editions. Faht. I will not lend thee a penny. Pint. I will retort the sum in equipage. ii. 2. Nor doth it sound well that the examples of men, though never so godly, should, as to the effect of warranting our actions, stand in so near equipage with the commands of God, as they are here placed jointly together, without any character of difference so much as in degree. Sanderson, Preface, 1655, ii. 10. EQUITAL, requital. [A besieged general] rather used the spade than the sword, . . . referring the revenge rather to the end, than to a present equital. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 266. EQUIVALUE, to put on a par. He has the fault of all our antiquaries, to equivalue the noble and the rabble of authorities. W. Taylor, 1803 (Robberd? Memoir, i. 470.) EREMITAL, belonging to a hermit ; eremitish, or eremitical, are the more usual adjectives. "Would or would not this godfather general have been happier in a convent or hermitage than he was in thus following his own hu- mour ? It was Dr. Dove's opinion that upon the whole he would ; not that a conventual, and still less an eremital way of life would have been more rational. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ixviii. ERISTIC, a controversialist. See ex- tract from Gauden, s. v. Euchiie. L. has the word as an adjective, with a quotation from a work published in 1698 ; Gauden's book appeared nearly forty years earlier. ERRABUND, wandering. "While I have listened and looked on ... have you with your errabund guesses, veering to all points of the literary compass, amused the many-humoured yet single-minded Pau- tagruelist, the quotationipotent mottocrat. Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter xiii. ESCLANDRE, disturbance ; this French word is almost naturalised. Mr. Kings- ley does not italicise it nor apparently mark it as foreign. Scoutbush, to avoid esclandre and misery, thought it as well to waive the proviso, and paid her her dividends as usual. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xi. ESCRIPT, writing. Ye have silenced almost all her able guides, and daily burn their escripts. British Hell- man, 1648 (Harl. Misc., vii. 625). ESCRITOIRE, a desk or bureau. A hundred guineas will buy you a rich escritoir for your billets-doux. Farquhar, Constant Couple, v. 1. Sir Charles . . . broke the seals that had ESMAYLE ( 22 3 ) EUNUCH been affixed to the cabinets and escritores. Richardson, Grandison, ii. 223. ESMAYLE, or EMAYLE, enamel. The second extract is from N. and Q., I. v. 467. Set rich rubie to red esmayle, The raven's plume to peacock's tail. Lay me the larkes to lizard's eyes. The duskie cloud to azure skies ; There shall no lesse an ods be seene In mine from euery other Queen. Puttenham, Eny. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xix. It is reported that the Pope long since gaue them [Icelanders] a dispensation to receiue the Sacrament in ale, insomuch as for their vncessaut frosts there, no wine but was turned to red emayle as soon as euer it came amongst them. Nashe, Terrors of the Night (1594), D. iii. ESPINETTE. L. defines spinet (the more usual form), a small harpsichord, but Pepys distinguishes between the two. Called upon one HaywarcT, that makes virginalls, and there did like of a little espi* nette, and will have him finish it for me ; for I had a mind to a small harpsichon, but this takes up less room. Pepys, Ap. 4, 1668. At noon is brought home the espinette I bought the other day of Hayward ; cost me 5. Ibid., July 15. To buy a rest for my espinette at the iron- monger's. Ibid., July 20. ESPOUSAGE, marriage. Such one as the King can find in his heart to love, and lead his life in pure and chaste espousage. Latimer, i. 94. ESQUIEEESSE, female esquire. The extract is of the date 1596. The principal mourueress apparelled as an esquieresse. Fosbroke, Smyth's Lives of the Herkeleys, p. 211. ESTBAIT, to narrow or confine. So that at this day the Turk hath estrayted us very nere, and brought it within a right narrow compass, and narrower shall do, say thay, as long as we go about to defend Crystendome by the sword. Sir T. More, Dialoge, p. 145. ESTRANGFULL, foreign. And over these (being on horse backe) they drew greaues or buskins embrodered with gould, and enterlac't with rewes of fethers ; altogether estrangfull and Indian like. Chapman, Masque of Mid. Temple. ESTRANGE TO, estrange from. Mr. Meekly had long estranged himself to Enfield. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 152. ETCH, to eke, augment. H. gives it as a Kentish word. Where the lion's skin is too short, we must etch it out with the fox's case. Cotton's Montaigne, ch. v. ETERNE, to eternise or render im- mortal. Then thus I spake, O spirits diuine and learned, Whose happy labours haue your lands eterned. Sylvester, Babylon, 697. O idiot's shame, and envy of the learned ! O verse right-worthy to be ay eterned. Ibid., The Trophies, 977. ETHEREALITY, airiness ; spirituality. Fire, energy, ethereality have departed. I am the soil without the sun, the cask with- out the wine, the garments without the man. Lytton, Pelham^ ch. Ixxiii. ETIOLATED, debilitated. I had the pleasure of encountering him ; left a bullet in one of his poor etiolated arms, feeble as the wing of a chicken in the pip, and then thought I had done with the whole crew. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xv. ETTLE, a nettle. In the Chwardens 1 Accounts of Minchinghampton, 1688, one shilling appears as paid "for cutting ettles" (Archceol., xxxv. 451). EUCHITE, one who prays. Fanatick Errour and Levity would seem an Euchite as well as an Eristick, Prayant as well as predicant, a Devotionist as well as a Disputant, insinuating itself with no less cunning under a Votary's Cowle than in a Doctor's Chair, in Prayers, Sacraments, and Euchologies as well as in Preachings, Dis- putations, and Writings. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 93. EUCLIONISM, stinginess: from Euclio, a miser, in^-the Aulularia of Plautus. See quotation more at length, s. v. HUDDLE-DUDDLE. Their miserable euclionisme and snudgery. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 147). EuDjEMON, a good angel. See quota- tion more at length, s. v. CACODEMONISE. The simple appendage of a tail will caco- demonise the Eudemon. Southey, The Doctor, Fraym. on Beards. EUD^EMONISM, a system which attri- butes happiness to good luck or destiny; Ethics, braced up into stoical vigour by renouncing all effeminate dallyings with Eu- damonism, would indirectly have co-operated with the sublime ideals of Christianity. De Quincey, Last Days of Kant. EUNUCH, as an adj., = unproductive. He had a mind wholly eunuch and un- EUNUCHISE ( 224 ) EVICKE generative in matters of literature and taste. Godicin, Mandeville, iii. 96. EUNUCHISE, to emasculate. Never thinking them or their Religion sufficiently circumcised, till they are quite excoriated, exsected, eunuchised,th&t is, made so poor and dispirited. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 321. EUPEPTIC, having a good digestion ; healthful. See quotation s. v. Eu- PRACTIC. The eupeptic right-thinking nature of the man, his sanguineous temper with its vivacity and sociality, .... all these fitted Baillie to be a leader in General Assemblies and con- claves, a man deputable to the London Par- liament and elsewhither. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 224. EUPRACTIC, acting well. An easy laconic gentleman of grave polite- ness ; apt to lose temper at play, yet on the whole good - humoured, eupeptic, and eu- practic. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 215. EUTHANASIA. The Diets, give this word with a quotation from Bp. Hall, but it does not seem to have been quite naturalized in 1678, when Abp. Sun- croft, writing to Bp. Morley, says There is no man, I think, who, observing you to make to land, and ready to put into port, did not follow you wibh his good wishes that your anchors and cable might hold ; that you might ride safe there from all harms, and enjoy a long and an easy old age, and at last find that happy tvQavaaia that always attends a life led according to the rules of our great and common Master. D'Oyley's Life of Sancroft, ch. iv. EVACUATORY, a purge. An imposthume calls for a lance, and op- pletion for unpalatable evacuatories. Gentle- man Instructed, p. 309. EVACUITY, a vacancy. Fit it was, therefore, so many evacuities should be filled up, to mount the meeting to a competent number. Fuller, Ch. Hist., XI. ix. 7. EVANESCE, to vanish in a subtle or imperceptible way. I believe him to have evanesced or evapor- ated. De Quincey, Conf. of an Opium-eater, p. 79. EVANGELICALISM, the teaching and habits of those who styled themselves Evangelical ; low-Churchism. Evangelicalism had cast a certain suspicion as of plague-infection over the few amuse- ments which survived in the provinces. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. xvi. EVAPOR, to evaporate. The word occurs again in Sandys, p. 268. JStna here thunders with an horrid noise ; Sometimes blacke clouds euaporeth to skies. Sandys, Travels, p. 243. EVASIVE, an evasion. The party took courage, and fallowed their game full cry, like hounds in view, without much trouble about precautions and evasives : they stuck at nothing. North, Examen, p. 90. But what may not be said and wrote, if this author's evasives may pass? Ibid. p. 399. EVE-DROPPER, a thief ; one who loiters about a house for an unlawful purpose. It is usually applied to a spy or listener, and spelt eaves or eves-dropper; eaves is both sing, and plural. Soldiers may come within the statute of murder, as well as pads on the highway, and may be as guilty of thefts as eve-droppers or cut-purses. Gentleman Instructed, p. 181. EVEISH, curious, like Eve. I saw it was a long letter; I felt very Eveish, my dear ; Lucy said afterwards that I did so leer at it ; an ugly word, importing slyness. Richardson, Grandison, vi. 210. EVEN-DOWN, downright, plain, simple. The rain, whick had hitherto fallen at intervals, in an undecided manner, now burst forth in what in Scotland is emphatically called an even-down pour. Miss Ferrier, In- heritance, vol. II. ch. xvi. Oh what a moody moralist you grow ! Yet in the even-down letter you are right. Taylor, Ph. van Art., Pt. I. i. 10. EVERLASTING, a strong sort of cloth. H. says " formerly much worn by serv- ants." From the quickset hedge aforesaid he now raised, with all due delicacy, a well-worn and somewhat dilapidated jacket, of a stuff by drapers most pseudonymously termed " ever- lasting." Inyoldsby Let/ends (Jarvis's Wig). EVERSIVE, destructive, subversive, which is the commoner word. No man or nations of men can possibly be bound by any consents or contracts eversive of the laws of God and of their own nature. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 39. Such a strange medley of fighting incon- sistencies and self-evident absurdities . . . are wholly eversive of every principle of right, reason, and common sense. Ibid. ii. 133. EVICKE, ibex. The evicke skipping from a rock into the breast he smote, And headlong fell'd him from his cliff . Chapman, Iliad, iv. 122. E VIDENCER ( 225 ) EXCURSIONER EVIDENCER, a witness. Gates wrought, as it seems, for his good, to bring him into the preferment of an evidence's place. North, Examen, p. 238. Means were made that he should have an allowance and his pardon, to capacitate him for swearing all this, and no body knows what more. The King granted the former for some time, but would not carry the latter so far as to restore him to the state of an evidence?. Ibid. p. 259. EVIDIBLE, capable of giving evidence. Every of which particulars will be justif yd, if need should require, by the othes of divers evidible witnesses. Yorkshire Diaries, 1647 (Surtees Soc.), p. 21. EvULGE, to publish. I made this recueil meerly for mine own entertainment, and not with any intention to evulffe it. Pref. to A nnot. on Sir T. Browne's Reliyio Medici. EWE-NECKED, having a hollow in the neck. The animal he bestrode was a broken-down plough-horse . . . gaunt and shagged, with a ewe-neck, and a head like a hammer. Irving, Sketch Book (Sleepy Hollow). Such a courser ! all blood and bone, short- backed, broad-chested, and, but that he was a little ewe-necked, faultless in form and figure. Ingoldsby Lee/ends (Grey Dolphin). EWRIE, the place where the ewers for washing the hands before and after meals were kept. See H., s. v. ewery. " No," says the King, " shew me the way, I'll go to Sir Richard's chamber," which he immediately did, walking along the entries after me, as far as the ewrie, till he came up into the roome where I also lay. Evelyn, Diary, March 1, 1671. EXAGGERATIVE, hyperbolical. Hear Vicars, a poor human soul zealously prophesying as if through the organs of au ass, in a not mendacious, yet loud-spoken, exaggerative, more or less asinine manner. Carlyle, Cromwell, i. 142. EXAM, examination (a common ab- breviation). Things may be altered since the writer of this novelette went through his exam. Driven to Rome (1877), p. 67. EXASPERATE, to increase in severity ; usually an active verb. The distemper exasperated, till it was mani- fest she could not last many weeks. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 158. EXCATHEDRATE, to condemn authori- tatively or ex cathedrd. Whom sho'd I feare to write to, if I can Stand before you, my learn 'd diocesan ? And never shew blood-guiltinesse or feare To see my lines excathedrated here. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 66. EXCELSITUDE, height. Rouze thy spirites out of this drowsie lethargic of mellancholly they are drencht in, and wrest them up to the most out- stretched ayry straine of elevation, to chauut and carroll forth the alteza and excelsitvde of this monarchall fludy induperator. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 157). EXCEREBRATE, to cast out from the brain. Hath it [faith] not sovereign virtue in it to excerebrate all cares, expectorate all fears and griefs ? Ward, Sermons, p. 25. EXCISE, duty on certain articles con- sumed at home. Howell fixes the Great Rebellion as the time when this word became familiar. The only in- stance supplied by the Diets, of an earlier date is one from Sir J. Hay ward. We have brought those exotic words plun- dring and storming, and that once abomin- able word excise, to be now familiar among them. Hoicell, Parly of Beasts, p. 37. EXCISEMAN, the extract shows that this word was not in literary use at the time. A certain number of Gangers, called by the Vulgar, Excise-men. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, ii. 108. EXCRUCIAMENT, anguish. To this wild of sorrowes and excruciament she was confined. Nashe, Lenten Stujj'e (Harl. Misc., vi. 177). EXCURSE, to digress : excur is in the Diets. But how I excurse! Yet thou usedst to say thou likedst my excursions. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, iii. 71. EXCURSION, projecting addition to a building. Sure I am that small excursion out of gentlemen's halls in Dorcetshire (respect it East or West) is commonly called an orial. Fuller, Ch. Hist., vi. p. 285. Let the model of countrey Churches be well observed, wherein such excursions of building as present themselves beyond the old fabrick (from which ofttimes they differ as neater and newer) were since erected, and added, as intended and used for chauteries. Hid. p. 354. EXCURSIONER, one who goes on r.n excursion. Excursionist is more usual Q EXCURSIVENESS ( 226 ) EXPECTORATE now, and is marked "recent" by L., who gives no example. The royal excursioners did not return till between six and seven o'clock. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, III. 111. EXCURSIVENESS, a running out. The extract seems to imply that the word was a new one. The only example in the Diets, is of the date 1798. Remember that your excursiveness (allow me the word, I had a rasher in my head) upon old maids and your lord, can only please yourself. Richardson, Grandison, v. 313. EXCUTIFIDIAN, one who believes that saving faith or grace can be wholly lost or shaken off. I am sorry that any of our new Excutifidi- ans should pester your Suffolk. Up. Hall, Works, x. 499. EXECRATIOUS, cursing. Off went his hat to one corner of the room, his wig to the other. D n n seize the world ! and a whole volley of such like execrations wishes. Richardson, Cl. Rarlmce, viii. 99. EXECRATIVE, vilifying, cursing. Foul old Koine screamed execratively her loudest, so that the true shape of many things is lost for us. ... Into the body of the poor Taters, execrative Roman history intercalated an alphabetic letter ; and so they continue Tartars of fell Tartarean nature to this day. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. i. ch. i. EXECRATORY, abusive, denunciatory. I shall take the liberty of narrating Lance- lot's fanatical conduct without execratory comment, certain that he will still receive his just reward of condemnation. C. Kings- ley, Yeast, ch. xiv. EXECUTANT, one who executes or performs. Rosamond, with the executant's instinct, had seized his manner of playing. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. xvi. EXELTERED, furnished with an axle- tree. In his catalogue of " husbandlie furniture " Tusser reckons, Strong exeltered cart that is clouted and shod. Husbandrie, p. 36. EXEMPT, taken out of the common herd, excellent. Of whose fair sex we come to offer seven, The most exempt for excellence. Chapman, Iliad, ix. 604. EXHILARANT, that which exhilarates. To Leonard it was an exhilarant and a cordial which rejoiced and strengthened him. Southey, The Doctor, ch. kxvii. EXIGENT, requiring, standing in need of ; the word is not uncommon as a substantive = necessity, and L. has one instance of it as an adjective from Burke, but rather in the sense of press- ing or critical, " this exigent moment." But now this body, exigent of rest, "Will needs put in a claim. Taylor, Ph. van Art., Pt. II. i. 2. This age Shall aptly choose as answering best its own, A love that dims not, nor is exigent, Encumbers not the active purposes, Nor drains their source. Ibid., Edirin the Fair, ii. 2. EXIGEXTER, " an officer of the Com- mon Pleas who makes out exigents and proclamations in all actions in which process of outlawry lies " (Bailey}. The cursitors are by counties ; these are the Lord Chancellor's. The philizers and exiyenters are by counties also, and are of the Common Pleas. North, Life of Lord Guil- ford, i. 186. EXOCULATION, putting out eyes. The history of Europe during the dark ages abounds with examples of exondation, as it was called by those writers who endea- voured, towards the middle of the seven- teenth century, to introduce the style-ornate into our prose, after it had been banished from poetry. Southey, Roderick, ii. note. EXPANSIVITY, expansiveness. In a word offences (of elasticity or expans- ivity) have accumulated to such height in the lad's fifteenth year, that there is a deter- mination taken on the part of .Rhadaman- thus-Scriblerus to pack him out of doors. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 87. EXPECTEDLY, in conformity with ex- pectation. Lord Mansfield . . . unexpectedly is sup- ported by the late Chancellor, the Duke of Newcastle, and that part of the Ministry, and very expectedly by Mr. Fox. Walpole to Mann, iii. 277 (1758). EXPECTLESS, unexpected. But when hee saw mee enter so expecilesse, To heare his base exclaimes of murther, mur- ther, Made mee thinke noblesse lost, in him quicke buried. Chapman, Revenge of JSussy D'Ambois, Act II. EXPECTORATE, to clear the breast, and so to confide. Now only used of spitting. See quotation s. v. EXCEBE- BRATE. Sir George came hither yesterday to ex- pectorate with me, as he called it. Think EXPEDIENCY ( 227 ) EXSCRIPT how I pricked up my ears, as high as King Midas, to hear a Lyttelton vent his griev- ances agaiust a Pitt arid Grenvilles. Wai- pole, Letters, i. 370 (1754). EXPEDIENCY, expedient. The Doctor was chosen by the college of Westminster their clerk to sit in convoca- tion, where he proposed a most excellent expediency (which would be of happy use if still continued), for the satisfaction of some scrupulous members in the House of Com- mons, about the ceremonies of our Church. Barnard, Life of Heylin, p. cxvii. EXPEDIENTIALLY, for the sake of ex- pediency. Whenever we deviate though we should never deviate save expedinntially from accepted usage, a strict observance of ana- logy, and of analogy taken in its most com- prehensive acceptation, is invariably indis- pensable. Hall, Modern English, p. 39. EXPENDITRIX, a woman who dis- burses money. Mrs. Celier was the go-between and ex- penditrix in affairs, which lay much in relieving of Catholics, and taking them out of prisons. North, Examen, p. 257. EXPERGEFACTION, awaking ; arous- ing. Having, after such a long noctivagation and variety of horrid visions, returu'd to my perfect ex peryef action, I began, by a serious recollection of myself, to recall to my thoughts by way of reminiscence those dis- mall and dreadf ull objects that had appeared unto me. Hoicell, Parly of Beasts, p. 45. EXPERT, one who has had special experience in some branch of study. This noun is now in frequent use, but is not in the Diets. How bountifully have Providence and the wisdom of our ancestors provided us with popes, priests, philologists, and other pro- curators, specialists, and experts. Hall, Modern English, p. 38. EXPISCATORY, fishing out. By innumerable confrontations and expis- catory questions, through entanglements, doublings, and windings that fatigue eye and soul, this most involute of lies is finally winded off. Carlyle, Diamond Necklace, ch. xvi. EXPLEAT, satisfy. Nothing under an Infinite can expleat and satiate the immortal minde of man. Fuller, Pisyah Siyht, IV. vii. 2. EXPLETIVE. In ordinary use, and in all the quotations given in the Diets., this substantive has reference to words which fill up a line or speech, but are in themselves superfluous: perhnps its most frequent application at present is to oaths, but in the extract it means diddledomes (q. v.) or kickshaws. There were three fine grown pullets, an excellent Yorkshire ham, a loin of veal, and the custard-pudding which Mrs. Quick had tossed up, adorned with currant-jelly, a gooseberry tart, with other ornamental ex- pletives of the same kind. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. IX. ch. xv. EXPRESSIONAL, belonging to expres- sions ; phraseological. To enumerate and criticize all the verbal and expressional solecisms which disfigure our literature would be an undertaking of enormous labour. Hall, Modern Enylish, p. 36. EXPRESSIONLESS, devoid of expression. For their depth of expressionless calm, of passionless peace, a polar snow-field could alone offer a type. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. xx. He was a small man, with an impenetrable, expressionless face, who never was known to unbend himself to a human being. H. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xiii. The hard, glittering, expressionless eyes were watching her. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. xvi. EXPRESSLESS, inexpressible. I may pour forth my soul into thine arms, With words of love, whose moaning inter- course Hath hitherto been stayed with wrath and hate Of our expressless bann'd inflictions. Marlowe, 1 Tamburlaine, V. ii. EXPUGNANCE, capture. If he that dreadful .^Egis bears, and Pallas, grant to me Th' expuynance of well-builded Troy, I first will honour thee Next to myself with some rich gift. Chapman, Iliad, viii. 247. EXQUIFITIVENESS, exquisiteness. If this specimen of Slawkenbergius's tales, and the exquisitiveness of his moral, should please the world, translated shall a couple of volumes be. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, iii. 118. EXSCRIPT, extracted writing. Davies describes our Lord's Passion as the poll- deed by which we are discharged from our liabilities. " The speare the pen, His pretious blood the inke." He does not insert the s when it follows ex. There are two examples of this in the extract. See also EXSTERCORATE. Ah, might it please Thy dread Exuperance To write th'excript thereof in humble hearts. Davies, Holy Jtoode, p. 13. Q 2 EXSIBILATION ( 228 ) EYE EXSIBILATION, hissing off ; condemn- ation. Who can choose but blush to hear those who would go for Orthodox Christians, now, at the latter end of the day, after so many ages of exsibilation, to take upon them the defence of a noted heretic ? Bp. Hall, Works, x. 237. EXSTERCORATE, to dung out. For the spelling see EXSCRIPT. Shall fleshlesse frailtie, O shall euer flesh Extercorate her filth Thee to annoy ? Lames, Holy Roode, p. 20. EXSUFFLE, to breathe upon. At Easter and Whitsontide .... they which were to be baptized were attired in white garments, exorcised, and exsuffled, with sundrie ceremonies, which I leave to the learned in Christian antiquities. Holland's Camden, p. 768. EXTENUATIVE, extenuating plea or circumstance. The Author brings in the matter by way of euormity, one of those that is to extenuate the intended rebellion and massacre at the Bye, where we shall arrive as soon as these extenuatives are dismissed. North, Examen, p. 320. Enter then a concise character of the times, which he puts forward as another extenuative of the intended rebellion. Ibid. p. 370. EXTERIALL, external. Fyrst beware in especiall Of the outwarde man exteriall, Though he shewe a fayre aperaunce. Roy and Barlow, Read me and be nott wroth, p. 123. EXTERMINION, extermination. See H. s. v. To whom she werketh vtter confusion and exterminion, the same persones she doeth firste laughe upon and flatre with some vn- quod prosperitee of things. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 182. EXTERNITY, outwardness. The internity of His ever-living light kindled up an externity of corporeal irradi- ation. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 249. EXTRACTABLE, able to be extracted. No more money was extractalle from his pocket. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, zxviii. EXTRAVAGANZIST, extravagant or eccentric person. Cornelius "Webbe is one of the best of that numerous school of extravagan:ists who spraug from the ruins of Lamb. E, A. Foe, Marginalia, cxv. EXTBUMPERE, extempore: a jocose perversion of the word. Sir Thomas More in lyke case gybeth at one that made vaunt of certeyn pild verses clowted vp extrumpere. Startyhurst, Virgil, Dedic. EXTRINSECALS, outward accidents or circumstances ; things not pertaining to the substance. Kuox and "Whittingham were as much bent against the substance of the book as against any of the circumstantials and ex- trinsecals which belonged unto it. Heylin, Reformation, ii. 179. EXUL, exile. The Latin word pro- bably got into the text inadvertently. Seeing his soldiers somewhat distressed, lie sendeth for the regiment of the Roman exuls. Holland, Livy, p. 46. EXUSTIBLE, capable of being burnt up. Contention is like fire, for both burn so long as there is any exustible matter to con- tend with. Adams, ii. 149. ETE, a window. All the nobility had contracted themselves to live in coops of a diniiig-room, a dark back-room with one eye in a corner, and a closet. Walpole to Mann, i. 318 (1743). EYE. At eye = at a glance, very plainly. We trust that He whose cause it is, and who hath begun this notable work in you, shall perform it to the glory of God, . . . and to the comfort of the whole Christian world, which, as may appear daily at eye, laboureth universally to be disburdened from that old tyrannical yoke. Alp. Parker to Q. Eliz. (Correspondence, p. 130). EYE. All my eye = nonsense ; un- true. Sometimes, " all my eye and Betty Martin ; " the explanation that it was the beginning of a prayer, " mild beate Marline" will not hold water. Dr. Butler, when head-master of Shrewsbury (he became Bp. of Lich- field in 1836), told his boys that it arose from a gipsy woman in Shrewsbury named Betty Martin giving a black eye to a constable, who was chaffed by the boys accordingly. The expression must have been common in 1837, as Dickens gives one of the Brick-lane Temperance testimonials as from " Betty Martin, widow, one child, and one eye " (Pick- wick, ch. xxxiii.) ; it occurs also in St. Ronan's Well, ch. xxxi. All my eye may have come from the phrase used by Bramhall and Brown, which Fuller EYE ( 229 ) E YE- WAITER says was used proverbially of him who made a bargain detrimental to himself ( Worthies, Anglesey, ii. 571). You have had conferences arid conferences again at Poissy and other places, and gained by them just as much as you might put in your eye, and see never the worse, Bram- hall, i. 68. Bating Namure, he might have put all the glorious harvests he yearly reap'd there into his eye, and not have prejudiced his royal sight in the least. T. Brown, Works, ii. 329. The tenderness of spring is all my eye, And that is blighted. Hood,, Spring. EYE. To have by the eye, i. e. in abundance, so that it should satisfy the eye as well as the stomach. Ith. Troth, master, I'm loth such a pot of pottage should be spoiled. Bar. Peace, Ithamore, 'tis better so than spared ; Assure thyself thou shalt have broth by the eye; My purse, my coffer, and myself is thine. Marlowe, Jew of Malta, iii. 4. Here's money and gold by th' eye, my boy. Beaum. and Fl., Knt. of B. Pestle, ii. 2. EYE-BKEIS, eye-lashes (?). They die their eye-breis and eye-browes: (the latter by art made high, halfe circular, and to meete, if naturally they do not.) Sandys, Travels, p. 67. EYE-BRINE, tears. The Judge that would be lik'st Him, when he giues His doome on the delinquent most that grieues Powders his words in Eye-brine. Dames, Sir T. Overbury, p. 13. EYEBROWLESS, without eyebrows. In those four male personages, although complexionless and eyebrowless, I beheld four subjects of the Family P. Salcy. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, xxv. EYE-RETORTING, looking backward. And a third rode upon a rounded rack, As on the eye-retorting dolphin's back, That let Arion ride him for the pleasure Of his touched harp. Leigh Hunt, Foliage, p. 28. EYES. " To cry one's eyes out," to weep excessively. Fuller puns on this expression. The face of the Church was so blubber'd with teares, that she may seem almost to have wept her eyes out, having lost her seers and priucipall pastours. Fuller, Ch. Hist., I. v. 22. EYE-SORROW, eye-sore ; a grievance to the sight. Saint Antoine turns out, as it has now often done, and, apparently with little super- fluous tumult, moves eastward to that eye- sorrow of Vincennes. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. III. ch. v. ^ These hungry magnificent individuals, of whom Sardanapalus Hay is one, and supreme Car another, are an eye-sorrow to English subjects. Ibid., Misc., iv. 319. EYE-SPOT, a k'ind of lily of a violet or black colour, with a red spot in the midst of each leaf. See note in loc. And here amid her sable cup Shines the red eye-spot, like one brightest star The solitary twinkler of the night. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. VI. EYE-STAR, the centre of the eye-spot, q.v.(?). The episodes and digressions fringe [the story] like so many featherlets leading up to that catastrophe, the gem or eye-star, for which the whole was formed, and iu which all terminate. Southey, The Doctor, Preface. EYE - WAGES, specious but unsub- stantial payment. If sometimes He temporally reward hypo- crites, is it not either for their own or for their work's sake, as if He either accepted their persons or approved their obedience? No ; it is but lex talionis, He dealeth with them as they deal with Him. They do Him but eye-service, and He giveth them but eye- wages. Sanderson, iii. 28. EYE - WAITER, an eye - servant ; one who is only careful while the master's eye is on him. His lordship's indulgence to servants cost him very dear ; for most of them were but eye-waiters, and diligent only for fear of los- ing their places, otherwise negligent and wasteful. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 316. FABULATE ( 230 ) FAIR FABULATE, to fable. [The tongue is] so guarded ... as if it were with giants in an enchanted tower, as they fabulate, that no man may tame it. Adams, i. 10. FAC, faith ; a word that appears in oaths in slightly varied forms as below. Dap. Ffac I do not, yon are mistaken. Face. How ! swear by your fac, and in a thing so known unto the doctor ? . . . Dap. Tfac's no oath. Jonson, Alchemist, I. i. E. Know. No, no, you shall not protest, coz. Step. By my fackinys but I will, by your leave. Ibid., Ev. Man in his Hum., i. 2. I suppose he has left me mourning ; but i\fackins if that be all, the devil shall wear it for him for me. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. V. ch. viii. Pfags the gentleman has caught a Tartar, says Mr. Towwouse. Ibid., Joseph Andretcs, Bk. I. ch. xiv. FACER, a braggadocio ; one who pos- sesses cheek. Shall the adversaries of the truth be dumb ? Nay, there be no greater talkers, nor boasters, and facers than they be. Latimer, i. 263. FACER, a blow in the face. See another extract from Barhain, s. v. FIB. As the knife gleam'd on high, bright and sharp as a razor, Blogg, starting upright, tipped the fellow a facer. Inyoldsby Legends (Bagman's Dog}, I should have been a stercoraeeous mendi- cant if I had hollowed when I got a. facer. C. Kingsley, Letter, May 1856. FACIATE, front, f.^ade (Ital. facci- atd). Thefaciate of this Cathedral is remarkable for its historical carving. Evelyn, Diary, June 27, 1654. FACSIMILE, an exact copy ; this word does not seem to have been common in North's time. He took a paper, and made what they call a fac simile of the marks and distances of those small specks, as were not scraped out. Worth, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 109. FACTOR, to trade or act as agents. Send your prayers and good works to factor there for you, and have a stock employed in God's banks to pauperous and pious uses. Ward, Sermons, p. 173. FACTORAGE, agent's commission. He put 1000 into Dudley's hands to trade for him, to the end that his brother Montague might have the benefit of the factorage. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 292. FAD, whim, fancy. " It is your favourite fad to draw plans." " Fad to draw plans ! Do you think I only care about my fellow-creatures' houses in that childish way ? " G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. iv. FADOODLES, trifles, nonsense. And when all the stuff in the letters are scann'd what fadoodfes are brought to light. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 131. FAG, to work hard, to labour. E., who gives this sense with no example, says, ' The verb and noun, though common in speech (especially at our public schools), are not so in writing." I am sure I fay more for fear of disgrace than for hope of profit. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, i. 235. "When Mr. Minns had fagqed up the shady side of Fleet-street, Cheapside, and Thread- needle-street, he had become pretty warm. Sketches by Boz {Mr. Minns). FAG, a boy in the lower part of the school who has to perform various offices for a senior lad who is said to fag him. Oh for that small, small beer anew, And (heaven's own type) thab mild sky-blue That wash'd my sweet meals down ; The master even ! and that small Turk That fagged me ! worse is now my work. A fay for all the town. Hood, Retrospective Review. FAG, fatigue. Mr. Allen says it is nine, measured nine, but I am sure it can not be more than eight, and it is such a fay, I come back tired to death. Miss Austen, Northanger Abbey, ch. iii. FAGGERY, the system of fagging at public schools. Faggery was an abuse too venerable and sacred to be touched by profane hands. De Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 210. FAIR, to prosper. IIwc non successit, alia aggrediendum est via . that is, This waie it will ne frame ne faie, Therefore must we proue an other waie. UdaVs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 373. FAILER FALLTRAP FAILER, failure. Granting that Philip was the younger; yet on the fader or other legal interruption of the Line of Margaret, . . . the Queen of England might put in for the next Succession. Heylin, Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 131. FAINEAXCE, sloth, indolence. The mask of sneering faineance was gone ; imploring tenderness and earnestness beamed from his whole countenance. C. Kingsley, Hypatia, ch. xxvii. FAINTFULL, faint, languishing. Gather all in one Those fluent springs of your lamenting tears, And let them stream along my faintfull looks. Greene, Orl. Fur., p. 98. FAIR. After the fair = too late. The subjoined, which is of the date 1597, shows the origin of this expres- sion. See another early instance from Nashe, s. v. ENCAPTIVE. A ballad, be it neuer so good, it goes a begging after ike faire. Breton, Wit's Trenchmour, p. 9. FAIRWEATHER, delicate. See quota- tion from Smollett, s. v. WISHY-WASHY. No, master, I would not hurt you ; me- thinks I could throw a dozen of such fair- weather gentlemen as you are. H. Brooke, Fool of (Duality, ii. 165. FAIRYISM, that which resembles or is suggestive of fairies. The duchess of Grafton, who had never happened to be here before . . . perfectly entered into the air of enchantment and fairyism which is the tone of the place. Walpole, Letters, ii. 431 (1763). FAIRY-MONEY, money given by the fairies was said after a time to change into withered leaves or rubbish. H. gives fairy-money = found treasure. In one day Scott's high-heaped money- wages became fairy-money and nonentity. Carlyle, Misc. iv. 181. Pisistratns draws the bills warily from his pocket, half-suspecting they must already have turned into withered leaves like fairy- money. Lytton, Caxtons, Bk. XVII. ch. vi. FAIRY PAVEMENTS, cubes used in Roman pavements. The country people referred to in the extract are those of Nottinghamshire. Some small stone cubes about an inch square, which the country people called fairy pavements. Archaol., viii. 364 (1787). FAITHFUL, a trusty-adherent. See extract from the same paper, s. v. PURSE-LEECH. We likewise call to mind your other bill for his majesty's referring the choice of his privy-council unto joti, coloured by your outcries against those his old faithfuls. British Bellman, 1648 (Harl. Misc., vi'i. 626). FAITHFULLIST, a believer. You have not long ago seen, read, and understood the great and inestimable Chron- icles of the huge and mighty giant Gargan- tua, and like upright faithfullists (fideles}, have firmly believed all to be true that is contained in them. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. II. (Prologue). FAKE, to rob (thieves' cant). All who in Blois entertain honest views Have long been in bed, and enjoying a snooze, Nought is waking save Mischief and Faking And a few who are sitting up brewing or baking. Ingoldsby Legend* (S. Aloys). There the folk are music-bitten, and they molest not beggars, unless they fake to boot, and then they drown us out of hand. Eeade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Iv. FAKEMENT, any dishonest practice (thieves' cant). I cultivated his acquaintance, examined his affairs, and put him up to the neatest little fakement in the world ; jnst showed him how to raise two hundred pounds and clear him- self with everybody, just by signing his father's name. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. v. FAL-LAL, finicking. The family-plate too in such quantities, of two or three years' standing, must not be changed, because his precious child, humour- ing his old fal-lal taste, admired it, to make it all her own. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, i. 322. FALLALISHLY. I suppose the word = sentimentally ; the o!d maid referred to had had a love disappointment in former years. Some excuse lies good for an old soul whose whole life has been but one dream a little fallalishly varied. Richardson, Grandison, v. 300. FALLALS, showy dress or ornaments. Mrs. Prim. And thou dost really think those fallals become thee ? Mrs. Lov. I do indeed. Centlivre, Bold Stroke for a Wife, Act II. He found his child's nurse, and his wife, and his wife's mother, busily engaged with a multiplicity of boxes, with flounces, feathers, fallals, and finery. Thackeray, Nevcomes, ch. Ixxi. FALLTRAP, a trap to lead to a fall, or perhaps a trap that falls from under one. "VYe walk in a world of plots ; strings uni- versally spread of deadly gins and falltrap s FAMEFUL ( 232 ) FARCE AND LADLE baited by the gold of Pitt. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VI. ch. i. FAMEFOL, famous. Whose foaming stream strives proudly to compare (Even in the birth) with fame-fulPst floods that are. Sylvester, third day, first weeke, 377. If many worlds ye seek, or ages line, Perhaps ye should not find occasion such As now rich Opportunity doth giue To make you famefull, though it empt your pouche. Davies, Bien Venu, p. 6. FAMILISTIC, pertaining to the sect called the Family of Love. And such are, for ought that ever I could discern, those Seraphick, Anabaptistick, and Famillstick Hyperboles, those proud swelling words of vanity and novelty with which those men use to deceive the simple and credulous sort of people. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 195 FAN is used very curiously in the subjoined ; probably it is a mistake for fantasy. There is a marginal reference to Acts xxv. 23, where Agrippa and Bernice are described as coming fura iroXXrjc Qavraffiac.. Even then the use of fantasy for pomp or show is, in Eng- lish, remarkable. All the power of all the princes on the earth have not power over one silly soul to destroy it. All the glory of them is called but a great big fan or pomp. Andrewes, Ser- mons, v. 553. FANATICISE, to act as a fanatic. A man once committed headlong to re- publican or any other transcendentalism, and fighting and fanaticisiny amid a nation of his like, becomes as it were enveloped in an ambient atmosphere of transcendentalism and delirium. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. III. ch. ii. FANCICAL, fanciful. The extract is quoted in Southey's Doctor, ch. xciv. After they have completed their tuning, they will (if they be masters) fall into some kind of voluntary or fancical play more in- telligible. T. Mace, 1676. FANCIFY, to fancy for which it is perhaps a misprint. The good she ever delighted to do, and falsified she was born to do. Richardson. Cl. Hmrlowe, vi. 344. FANCY, the prize ring, or pugilism. See quotation from Sonthey, . v. FIB. They hurried to be present at the ex- pected scene with the alacrity of gentlemen of the fancy hastening to a set-to. Scott. St. Eon*),'* Well, ii. 211. The clients were proud of their lawyers' unscrupulousness, as the patrons of the fancy are proud of their champion's condition. G. Eliot, Janet's Repentance, ch. ii. FANFARONADING, flourishing ; display. The Diets, have fanfaron and fan- faronade. There, with ceremonial evolution and ma- noeuvre, with fanfaronailiny, musketry sal- voes, and what else the Patriot genius could devise, they made oath and obtestation to stand faithfully by one another under law and king. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. viii. FANFAROON, a flourish, or show. To Sir G. Carteret; and, among other things, he told me that he was not for the fanfaroone, to make a show with a great title, as he might have had long since, but the main thing to get an estate. Pepys, Aug. 14, 1665. FANGLE, to fashion. The participle is not uncommon with " new " prefixed. He that thinks it the part of a well-learned man to have read diligently the ancient stories of the Church, and to be no stranger in the volumes of the Fathers, shall have all judicious men consenting with him ; not hereby to control and new f angle the Scrip- ture, God forbid ! but to mark how corrup- tion and apostasy crept in by degrees. Milton, Of Prelatical Episcopacy. FANTAILED. The hat usually worn by coalheavers, dustmen, &c. is so called from having a flap at the back, spreading out like a fan. Amazed she stands, Then opes the door with cinder-sabled hands, And " Matches " calls. The dustman,bubbled flat, Thinks 'tis for him, and doffs his fan-taiFd hat. J. and H. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 142. FANTAST, a fanciful person. Somewhat too little of afantaat, this J'ates of ours ! Carlyle, Misc., iv. 159. It is not easy for me to write, without a strong sense of loathing, the name of this acrid fantasl, and idolizer of brute force. Hall, Modern English, p. 19. FANTASTICALITY, fantasticalness. No affectation, fantasticality, or distortion dwelt in him ! no shadow of cant. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 146. FAR, to remove to a distance. I'm sure I wish the man was farred who plagues his brains wi' striking out new words. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. x. FARCE AND LADLE, a nonsensical story. The writer quoted by Swift FARCICAL ( '33 ) FASTISH (W. Wotton) refers to the story of the Ladle versified by Prior. It is grievous to see him in some of his writings going out of his way to be waggish, to tell us of " a cow that pricked up her tail ; " and in his answer to this discourse, he says, " it is all a farce and ladle." /Swift, Tale of a Tub ; Apol. for Author. A ladle for our silver dish Is what I want, is what I wish. A ladle, cries the man, a ladle! 'Odzooks. Corisca, you have prayed ill : "What should be great you turn to farce. Prior, The Ladle. FARCICAL. The farcy is a disease in horses which Sterne imprecates on the " imitatorum servum pecus," and so farcical house is one to receive such people ; perhaps there is some sort of allusion to the more ordinary meaning of farcical, I scorn to be as abusive as Horace upon the occasion, but if there is no catachresis in the wish, and no sin in it, I wish from my soul that every imitator in Great Britain, France, and Ireland, had the farcy for his pains ; and that there was a good farcical house large enough to hold, aye, and sub- limate them shag-rag and bobtail, male and female, all together. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, iv. 4. FAREWELL, to bid farewell to. Till she brake from their arms And fare-welling the flock did homeward wend. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 91. FARFALLA, a fire-fly ; an attempt to introduce an Italian word into the language. Lord giue her me ; alas ! I pine, I die ; Or if I Hue, I Hue her flame-bred flie ; And (new Farfalld) in her radiant shine Too bold I burne these tender wings of mine. Sylvester, The Magnificence, 362. FAR-FETCHT, well-stored, with many things fetched from far ? . . . Nature making her beauty and shape but the most fair Cabinet of a far-fetcht minde. Sidney's Arcadia, p. 506. FARMAGE, the management of farms. They do by farmaye Bryuge the londe into a rearage, Contempnynge the state temporall. Roy and Barlow, Rede me and be nott wroth, p. 102. But now their ambicious suttlete Maketh one fearme of two or thre, Ye some tyme they bringe vi. to one, "Which to gentillmen they let in farmage, Or elles to ryche marchauntes for avauntage, To the vndoynge of husbande man ech one. Dyaloge betwene a Gentillman and a husbandman, p. 139. FARMSTEAD, farm house or place. He takes possession of the farmstead (Ingles, the place is called) ; barricades him- self there. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, Pt. I. ch. xiii. I ... then went wandering away far along chausees, through fields, beyond cemeteries, Catholic and Protestant, beyond farmsteads, to lanes and little woods. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. xv. FASHION, a corruption of farcy, a disease in horses. If he have outward diseases as the spavin, splent, ring-bone, wind-gall, or fashion, or, sir, a galled back, we let him blood. Greene, Looking Glass for London, p. 120. His gouty hocks with fleshy Sashoons, Like horses lookt that has the Fashions. Cotton, Scarronides, p. 34. FASHIONABLES, people of fashion. L. notices this substantival use, but gives no example. Here was a full account of the marriage, and a list of all the fashionables who attended the fair bride to the hymeneal altar. Miss Edgeworth, Helen, ch. ii. FAST. Calfhill uses the word as signifying a holy time, and applies it to the Easter feast. To begin with that which bred in the Church a miserable schism for many years together, the Easter fast ; was it always and in every place -uniformly observed ? Calfhill, Answer to Martiall, p. 269. FAST-FANCIED, bound by love ; the opposite to fancy-free. Thou com'st in post from merry Fressingfield, Fast-fancied to the keeper's bonny lass. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 160. FASTING-SPITTLE, was supposed to be specially efficacious, whether for good or evil. Adams uses the term in a sort of punning way, to signify fasting. Delicates to excite lust are spurs to post a man to hell. It is fasting spittle that must kill his tetter. Adams, i. 494. Let him but fasting spit upon a toad, And presently it bursts and dies. Massinger, Very Woman, iii. 1. They have their cups and chalices, Their pardons and indulgences ; Their beads of nits, bels, books, and wax Candles forsooth, and other knacks ; Their holy oyle, their fasting-spittle, Their sacred salt here not a little. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 98. FASTISH, rather fast or dissipated. The intercourse has commenced under the auspices of Harry Foker, son of Foker's Entire, an old school-fellow, a short, stout, FAT ( 234) FAVOUROUS empty, good-natured, and over-dressed in other words a "fastish " young man. Phil- lips, Essays from the Times, ii. 330. FAT. The fat is in the fire = all is in confusion, or has failed. The speaker in the first extract is a pedantic school- master. O face, face, or all the fat will be iffnified. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 623. Ger. Here's a woman wanting. Count. "We may go whistle ; all the fat's i' the fire. Two Noble Kinsmen, iii. 5. One would have thought that the examina- tion failing, and no vote passed tending that way, all this fat had been in the fire. North, Examen, p. 623. FAT, now spelt vat, and applied to a tub or vessel of large size, but formerly = any case. A London alderman . . . sold a Jew five fatts of right-handed gloves without any 'fellows to them.- T. Brown, Works, iii. 23. FATAMORGANA, an optical illusion which presents a vision of men, palaces, &c., seen sometimes in the water, some- times in the air, and most frequently visible in the Strait of Messina. See extract from Miss Edgeworth,s. v. BEAU- IDEAL. He [Coleridge] says once he had skirted the howling deserts of Infidelity ; this was evident enough ; but he had not had the courage, in defiance of pain and terror, to press resolutely across said deserts to the new firm lands of Faith beyond ; he preferred to create logical fatamorganat for himself on this hither side, and laboriously solace him- self with these. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, ch. viii. FATHER-IN-LAW, the father of one's husband or wife ; but sometimes used (though it is a vulgarism) as meaning step-father. It has this sense in the extracts, yet the speaker in the first is Mrs. Howe, who is represented as in a fair social position, and in the second is Mrs. Grandcourt, a lady of birth and education. Cf. MOTHER-IN-LAW. I know Nancy could not bear a father-in- law : she would fly at the very thought of my being in earnest to give her one. Rich- ardson, Cl. Harlowe, iv. 186. I did not like my father-in-law to come home. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. Ivi. FATHER-SICK, pining after a father. Cf. MOTHER-SICK, HOME-SICK. An angel in some things, but a baby in othi-rs ; so father-sick, so family-foud. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, iii. 316. FATHOM, to engulf. Instead of his lascivious Delilahs that fathomed him in the arms of lust, behold adders, toads, serpents, crawling on his bosom. Adams, i. 241. FATIDICENCT, divination. Let us make trial of this kind of fatidi- cency. Uryuhart, Rabelais, Bk. III. ch. xix. FATIGDESOME, fatiguing, laborious. The Attorney-General's place is very nice and fatiguesome. North, Ejcamen, p. 515. FATILOQUENT, fate - speaking, pro- phetic. In such like discourses of fatiloquent sooth- sayers interpret all things to the best. Urquhart, Rabelais, Bk. III. ch. xxii. FATLING, diminutive of fat ; unusual as an adjective. The babe . . . Uncared for, spied its mother and began A blind and babbling laughter, and to dance Its body, and reach its failing innocent arms And lazy, lingering fingers. Tennyson, Princess, vi. FAUTERER, favourer. Be assured thy life is sought, as thou art the fauterer of all wickedness. Heylin, Life of Laud, p. 198. FAUXETY, a play on the word falsity. In Nuttall's edition the word in the first extract is givenfaussetes; in the second, falsities. I cannot therefore but sadly bemoan that the Lives of these Saints are so darkened with Popish Illustrations, and farced with Fau.veties to their dishonour. Fuller, Wor- thies,ch. iii. (i. 8). God forbid that this author's fauxities should make us undervalue this worthy King and Martyr. Hid. Suffolk (ii. 327). FAVOURITES, short curls on the top of the head : they came in in the reign of Charles II. The favourites hang loose upon the temples, with a languishing lock in the middle. Far- quhar, Sir H. Wildair, I. i. What's here ? all sorts of dresses painted to the life ; ha ! ha ! ha ! head-cloaths to shorten the face, favourites to raise the fore- head. Centlivre, Platonick Lady, iii. 1. Sooner I would bedeck my brow with lace, And with immodest favorites shade my face. Gay, The Espousals. FAVOUROUS, apt to win favour. "When women were wont to be kindharted, conceits in men were verie favouroits. Bre- ton, Wifs Trenchmour, p. 9. FAIVNINGNESS ( 235 ) FEE-FARMER FAWNINGNESS, smoothness, syco- phancy. I'm for peace, and quietness, and fawning- ness. De Quiitcey, Murder as a Fine Art. FAX, hair. The Englishmen dwelling beyond Trent called the haire of the head Fax. "Whence also there is a family . . . named Faire-fax, of the faire bush of their haire. Holland's Camden, p. 692. FEANSER, fernshaw ? q. v. The lady is a hunting gone Over feanser that is so high. Roxburgh Ballads, ii. 352. FEASE, to sneeze. Robin Goodfellow is the speaker in the extract. Yet now and then the maids to please, I card at midnight up their wool : And while they sleep, snort f t and fease, With wheele to shreds their flax I pull. Roxburgh Ballads, ii. 380. FEASIBLE, probable. " As you say, James," cried Mr. Fenton, " this account seems pretty feasible. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 2. FEAT, employment. The feat of merchandizing is nowhere condemned throughout the holy Scriptures. ' Bullinyer, Dec. III. Serm. i. (ii. 31). FEATHERBED, used adjectivally = effeminate. Each featherbed warrior who rides from Knigbtsbridge to Whitehall and from White- hall to Kuightsbridge is gifted with the glorious traditions of great armies and in- numerable campaigns. Black, Adventures of a Phaeton, ch. xxiii. FEATHER-BRAINED, giddy. To a feather-brained school-girl nothing is sacred. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. 20. FEATHER-GLORY, light and transitory glory. And it is no light matter, but, as St. Paul calleth it, alwuiov ftapo?, " an everlasting weight of glory." Glory, not like ours here, feather-glory, but true, that hath weight and substance in it. Andrews, Sermons, i. 31. FEATHERHEAD, a light frivolous per- son. Show the dullest clodpole, show the haughtiest featherhead that a soul higher than himself is actually here ; were his kuees stiffened into brass, he must down and worship. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 136. Philip. Courtney, belike. Mary. A fool and featherhead ! Tennyson, Q. Mary, V. i. FEATHER-HEADED, giddy ; foolish. Cf. FEATHER-PATED. Ah thou hast miss'd a man (but that he is so bewitch'd to his study, and knows no other mistress than his mind) so far above this feather - headed puppy. Gibber, Love makes a man, Act II. You're too feather-headed to mind if any- body was dead, so as you could stay upstairs a-dressing yourself for two hours by the clock. G. Eliot, Adam Bede, ch. viii. FEATHERLET, small feather. The episodes and digressions fringe [the story] like so many featherlets. S-juthey, The Doctor (Preface). FEATHER-MONGER. Birds are so called in the extract. Some fowler with his nets, as this host of feather-mongers were getting up to ride double, involved or intangled them. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 170). FEATHER-PATED, giddy; fickle. Cf. FEATHER-HEADED. " The villains," he said, " the base treach- erous villains, to desert me at this pinch ! " " Nay, say rather the feather-pated, giddy madmen," said Waldemar, "who must be toying with follies, when such business was in hand." Scott, Ivanhoe, ii. 195. FEATURE, to resemble. Mrs. Vincy in her declining years, and in the diminished lustre of her housekeeping, was much comforted by her perception that two at least of Fred's boys were real Vincys, and did not "feature" the Garths. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. last. FEE, a gratuitous treat. Take my purse, fetch me A stand of ale, and set it in the market-place, That all may drink that are athirst this day ; For this is for & fee to welcome Eobin Hood To Bradford town. Greene, Geo-a-Greene, p. 267. FEEDER, often means servant (see N. s. v.), but in the first of the subjoined passages it signifies master or em- ployer, in the second parasite ; cf. "feeder of my riots" (77. Hen. IV. v. 5). His feeders still not thinking this enough, have, of late, put him upon another jobb. The Loyal Observator, 1683 (Harl. Misc., vi. 70). Mr. Thornhill came with a couple of friends, his chaplain and feeder. Vicar of Wakefield, ch. vii. FEE-FARMER, one who holds land from a superior lord in fee-simple. fEELER ( 236 ) FENOUILLET As when bright Phebus (Landlord of the Light.) And his fee-farmer Luna most are parted, He sets no sooner but shee comes iii sight. Dames, Holy Roode, p. 13. FEELER, something tentative. After putting forth his right leg now and then as & feeler, the victim who dropped the money ventures to make cue or two distinct dives after it. Dickens, Sketches by oz, oh. i. FEGUE, to discomfit or injure. No treat, sweet words, good mien, but sly intrigue, That must at length the jilting widow feyue. Wycherley, Love in a Wood, 1. 1. For Man of war as wanton was At fifty, as a colt at grass ; And had not th' times his honour fegu'd As often now had been iutriug'd. D' Urfey, Collin's Walk, cant. i. When Cataline a league Had made, the Senators tofegue. Ibid. cant. ii. FELL, earnest ; intent. I am so fell to my business, that I, though against my inclination, will not go. fepys, Jan. 15, 1666-67. FELL, to hem down a joined piece of work. Each taking one end of the shirt on her knee, Again began working with hearty good-will, Felling the seams, and whipping the frill. Ingoldsby Legends (Aunt Fanny). FELLOWESS, contemptuous for a woman. "Who can have patience with such fellows and fellowesses? Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, iii. 117. Your bachelor uncles and maiden aunts are the most tantalizing fellows and felloicesses in the creation. Mad. D'Arblay, Camilla, Bk. ix. ch. v. FELON, stolen. Thus hee that conquer'd men, and beast most cruell, (Whose greedy pawes with/eWon goods were found) Answer'd Goliah's challenge in a duell. Fuller, David's Hainovs Sinne, si. 19. FELONESS, female felon. And what was the pitch of his mother's yellowness ? How she turned as a shark to snap the spare-rib Clean off, sailors say, from a pearl-diving Carib, When she heard what she called the flight of the feloness. Browning, Flight of the Dufhess. FEMALITY, female nature ; applied disparagingly. Sir. T. Browne has feminality. Femality is also used adjectivally in Grandison. See s. v. INFANGLEMENT. No doubt but he thought he was obliging me, and that my objection was all owing to femality as he calls it ; a word I don't like ; I never heard it from Sir Charles. Richard- son, Grandison, vi. 154. FEMINILE, feminine. Perhaps it might have been well if I had resolved upon a further designation of chap- ters, and distributed them into masculine and feminine ; or into the threefold arrange- ment of virile, feminile, and puerile. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xix. FEMININEITY, womanliness; that which is characteristic of a woman: the Diets, have feminality and feminity. Margaret made excuses all so reasonable that Catherine rejected them with calm con- tempt ; to her mind they lacked feminineity. Eeode, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Ixviii. FENCE, a receiver of stolen goods. Cl FENDER. " What have you got to say for yourself, you withered old fence, eh ? " "I was away from London a week and more, my dear, on a plant," replied the Jew. Dickens, Oliver Twist, ch. xxxix. FENDER, defender. Cf . FENCE. R. , who gives no example, says, "A com- mon word in speech, though not in writing." L. has it in two senses, viz., the ordinary one of an iron plate laid before the fire to prevent the coals from fulling into the room, and the pieces of cable, &c. which are hung over a ship's side to act as buffers to prevent her from rubbing against the wharf or other ships. He is the treasurer of the thieves' ex- chequer, the common fender of all bulkers and shop-lifts in the town. Four for a Penny, 1678 (Harl. Misc., iv. 147). FENLANDER, inhabitant of the fens. Laurence Holebeck was born, saith my Author, apud Girvios ; that is, amongst the Fenlanders. Fullei; Worthies, Lincoln (ii. 12). FEN-MAN, an inhabitant of the fens. If you ask how you should rid them, I will not point you to the fen-men, who, to make quick dispatch of their annoyances, set fire on their fens. Adams, ii. 480. FENOUILLET (Fr.fenouillette), fennel- water. Dined with Lord P 1. He's a silly fellow. Went home to take some fenou ill 'et PENSIVE FETE I was so sick of him. Resolved never to be a Lord. Dr. Swift's Real Diary, p. 5 (1715). FENSIVE, defensive. The spirit of Hector speaks of his hand " that fensiue seruice had eended " {Stanyhurst, jEn., ii. 301). FENUGREEK, a plant, the Trigonella. See quotation from Sterne more at length, s. v. SWEET CECILY. To preserue nauewes, it is a singular medi- cine for them to haue feni-yreek sowed among, as also for beets to do the like with cich pease. Holland, Pliny, xix. 10. Poultices of marsh-mallows, mallows, bonus Henricus, white lilies, and fenugreek Sterne, Trist. Shandy, v. 111. FEOFFER, a trustee. He and his patrimonie was committed to certain execntours or feo/ers. Udat's Eras- mus's Apophth., p. 369. FER (?). In Gibson's translation "sea-commodities" is the correspond- ing expression. Hantshire ... is ... rich in plenteous pasture, and for all commodities of fer most wealthy and happie. Holland's Camden, p. 259. FEELING, ward [in a borough]. In King Edward the Confessor's time (that I may note so much out of domesday booke), there were in this Borough foure Ferlinys, that is, Quarters or Wards. Holland's Cam- den, p. 497. FERMENTATE, to leaven. The largest part of the Lords were fer- nentated with an anti-episcopal sourness. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 179. FERNSHAW, fern-brake or fern-thicket. He bade me take the Gipsy mother, And set her telling some story or other Of hill or dale, oak wood orfernshaw. Browning, Flight of tlie Duchess. FEROCIENT, ferocious. Nothing so soon tames the madnesse of people as their own fierceness and extrava- gancy; which at length, as S. Cyprian ob- serves, tires them by taking away their breath, and vainly exhausting their ferocient spirits. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 142. FERRANDIN, a stuff made of silk mixed with some other material, like what is now called poplin. See Lord Braybrooke's note on the first quotation for further particulars. My wife came home, and seeming to cry ; for bringing home in a coach her new fer- randin waistcoate, in Cheapside, a man asked her whether that was the way to the Tower, and while she was answering him, another on the other side snatched away her bundle out of her lap. Pepys, Jan. 28, 1662-3. After long resolution of having nothing but black, I did buy a coloured silk fer' ranrlin. Ibid. June 8, 1665. I know a great lady that cannot follow her husband abroad to his haunts because her ferrandine is so ragged and greasy whilst his mistress is as fine as fi'pence in embroidered satins. Wycherley, Love in a Wood, v. 2. FERRIVOROUS, iron eating. The idiot at Ostend . . died at last in con- sequence of his appetite for iron. . . . This poor creature was real \yfen-ivorous. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxxviii. FERTILY, plenteously ; in a fertile manner. Who, being grown to man's age, as our own eyes may judge, could not but fertily requite his Father's Fatherly education. Sidney, Arcadia, Bk. ii. p. 155. FERULE, to strike with the ferule or cane. I shoulde tel tales out of the schoole, and bee ferruled for my faults or hyssed at for a blab, yf I layde al the orders open before your eyes. Gossan, Schoole of Abuse, p. 24. FESTRAWE, a festue or fescue, a pointer used in teaching children their letters, &c. Then to the fourth, the Westerne world she came, And there with her eyes festrawe paints a storie Stranger then strange, more glorified then glorie. G. Markham, Trayedie of Sir B. Grinuile, p. 49. I had past out of Crosse-rowe, speld and put together, read without afestraw. Breton, Grimello's Fortunes, p. 6. FETCHLIFE, a prognostication of death ; perhaps a misprint for fetch- light, q. v. in N. Also on thee turrets the skrich howle, lyke fetchliefe ysetled, Her burial roundel doth ruck. Stanyhurst, ^En., iv. 486. FETCH-WATER, a drawer of water. But spin the Greek wives' webs of task, and their fetch-water be. Chapman, Iliad, vi. 495. FETE, to entertain at a feast. L. notes the word as naturalized, but only gives example of the substantive. The murder thus out, Hermann's feted and thanked, "While his rascally rival gets tossed in a blanket. Inyoldsby Legends (Hermann). FETICHISM ( '. FETICHISM, degraded superstition. The negroes of West Africa make fetish of any object that strikes their fancy, as a stone, or tree, and the like, and worship it. [They] descended deeper and deeper, one after the other, into the realms of confusion, . . . craving after signs and wonders, dabbling in magic, astrology, and barbarian fetichisms. C. Kingsley, Hypatia, ch. xxx. FETICHISTIC, belonging to or con- nected with fetish worship. Our resuscitated Spirit was not a pagan philosopher, nor a philosophizing pagan poet, but a man of the fifteenth century, inherit- ing its strange web of belief and unbelief, of Epicurean levity and fetichistic dread. G. Eliot, Romola (Proem). FETISH. See FETICHISM. You are always against superstitions, and yet you make work a fetish. You do with work just as women do with duty ; they carry about with them a convenient little god, and they are always worshipping it with small sacrifices. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. x. FETTLE, good condition. It's a fine thing ... to have the chance of getting a bit of the country into good fettle, as they say, and putting men into the right way with their farming. G. Eliot, Middle- march, ch. xl. FETURE, birth, or offspring. Some of them engendered one, some other such fetures, and every one in that he was delivered of was excellent politic, wise. Latimer, i. 50. FEUAGE, a tax on every hearth or chimney. See FOWAGE. The Prince of "Wales . . . imposing a new taxation upon the Gascoignes, of Feuaye or Ohymney mony, so discontented the people, as they exclaime against the government of the English. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 214. FEW. A few (i. e. some) broth or pottage is an expression used in Scot- land and the north of England ; also in Devonshire. They be content with a penny piece of beef among four, having a. few pottage made of the broth of the same beef. Lever, Ser- mons, 1550. They had sold their birthright ... to the Pope for a few pottage. Adams, i. 6. There are some excellent family broth making below, and I'll desire Tibby to bring & few. Miss Ferrier, Marriage, ch. iii. Here's a rahm, . . . it's weel enengh to ate a/eic porridge in. Miss E.Bronte, Wuthtring Heights, ch. xiii. 38 ) FIDDLE FEW, a few, used ironically for "a good deal." I trembled a few, for I thought ten to one but he'd say. " He ? not he, I promise you." Mad.D'Arllay, Diary, i. 28. If one man in a town has pluck and money, he may do it ; it'll cost him a few ; I've had to pay the main part myself. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xxv. FEWSTY, mouldy ; fusty. Yf a feaste beynge neuer so great lacked bread, or had fewsty and noughty bread, all the other daynties shulde be vnsauery and litle regarded. Ascham, Toxophllus, p. 76. FEWTRILS, trifles ; little things. I ha' paid to keep her awa' fra' me ; these five year I ha' paid her ; I ha' gotten decent fetvtrils about me agen. Dickens, Hard Times, ch. xi. FIB, to hit repeatedly when the adversary's head is " in chancery " (pugilistic slang). I have been taking part in the controversy about " Bell and the Dragon," as you will see in the Quarterly, where I have filbed the Edinburgh (as the fancy say) most com- pletely. Southey, Letters, 1811 (ii. 236). There would come on A sort of fear his spouse might knock his head off, Demolish half his teeth, or drive a rib in, She shone so much in facers and in fMring. Ingoldsby Legends (The Ghost). FIBBER, petty liar. L. has fibstei', with quotation from Thackeray. Your royal grandsire (trust me, I'm no fiber) Was vastly fond of Colley Cibber. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 137. FICTION, fashioning. The king having made positive laws and decrees, . . . disdains that a groom should contradict and annul those to dignify and advance other of his own fction. Adams, ii. 90. "We have never dreamt that parliaments had any right whatever to violate property, to overrule prescription, or to force a currency of their own fction in the place of that which is real, and recognised by the law of nations. Burke, Refections on Fr. Revolution, p. 124. FIDDLE. To play first or second fiddle is to take the chief or subordinate part respectively. To say that Tom had no idea of playing first fddle in any social orchestra, but was always quite satisfied to be set down for the hundred and fiftieth violin in the band, or thereabouts, is to express his modesty in very inadequate terms. Dickens, Martin Chuzzlewit, ch. xii. fIDDLE ( 2 39) FIGURELESS It was evident that since John Marston's arrival he had been playing, with regard to Mary, second fiddle, if you can possibly be induced to pardon the extreme coarseness of the expression. H. Kinysley, Ravenshoe, ch. Iviii. FIDDLE, a fool or trifler. He that walkes wanton with his head aside, And knowes not well how he may see his feete, And she that minceth like a maiden bride, And like a shadow slideth through the streete ; Howeuer so their mindes in money meete, Measure their humours justly by the middle, He may be but a fcole, and she & fiddle. Breton, Pasquil's Madcappe, p. 9. As his rank and station often find him in the best company, his easy humour, whenever he is called to it, can still make himself the fiddle of it. Gibber, Apology, ch. i. FIDDLE. The quotation from Fuller may perhaps explain the phrase in Smollett. This man could not fidle, could not tune himself to be pleasant and plausible to all Companies. Fuller, Worthies, Lancashire. Your honour's face is made of a fiddle ; every one that looks on you loves you. Smollett, Sir L. Greaves, ch.'viii. FIDDLECOME, nonsensical. Do you think such a fine proper gentleman as he cares for a fiddlecome tale of a draggle- tailed girl ? Vanbruyh, The Relapse, iv. 1. FIDDLE-HEADED. The handles of forks and spoons are sometimes made after a pattern which bears some re- semblance to a fiddle ; these are called fiddle-headed, or fiddle-patterned. Try him wherever you will, you find His mind in his legs, and his legs in his mind, All prongs and folly, in short a kind Of fork that is fiddle-headed. Hood, Miss Kilmanseyg. I could not see my table-spoons, I looked, but could not see The little fiddle-pattern 'd ones I use when I'm at tea. Ingoldsly Legends (Misadventures at Margate). FIDDLER'S FARE. See quotations from Howell and Swift. Let the world know you have had more than fidler 's fare, for you have meat, money, and cloth. Machin, JJuml Kniyht, Act IV. He was dismissed fidler-like, with meat, drink, and money. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 128. Miss. Did your ladyship play ? Lady Sm. Yes. and won ; so I came off with fidler's fare, meat, drink, and money. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. iii.). FIDDLESTICK. See quotation. Fiddle- sticks taper away to a point ; hence used of nonsense which ends in nothing. This s Grose's explanation. At such an assertion he would have ex- claimed, A fiddlestick! "Why and how that word has become an interjection of contempt I must leave those to explain who can. Soutliey, The Doctor, ch. clxxxix. She wanted to marry her cousin, Tom Poyntz, when they were both very young, and proposed to die of a broken heart when I arranged her match with Mr. Newcome. A broken fiddlestick! she would have ruined Tom Poyntz in a year. Thackeray, JVeiocomes, ch. x. FIERIZE, to burn or kindle. But aire turn water, earth may fierize, Because in one part they do symbolize. Sylvester, second day, first iceeke, 264. FIFTY- WEIGHT, half a hundred- weight. Packing on my back about fifty-weight qt iron bolts. Mayo, Kaloolah (1840), p. 140. FIGHT, bulwark ; propugnaculum. N. has several examples of the word, but only as belonging to ships. They fiercely set upon The parapets, and pull'd them down, raz'd every foremost fight, And all the buttresses of stone that held their towers upright They tore away with crows of iron, and hoped to ruin all. The Greeks yet stood, and still repair'd the fore-fiyhts of their wall. Chapman, Iliad, xii. 271. FlGHTLESS, without fighting. Say that the God of "\Varre, Father of Chinalrie, The "Worthies, Heroes, all famed Conquer- ours, Centaurs, Gyants, victorious Victorie, "Were all this Grinuil's hart-sworne para- mours, Yet should we fightlesse let our shyp's force flie? G. Markham, Trag. of Sir B. Grinuile, p. 69. FlGLESS, without figs. The fie/less fig-tree, the graceless Christian, is good for nothing. Adams, ii. 184. FIGURELESS, shapeless. I write (detested) on the tender skins Of time-les infants, and abortive twins, (Torn from the wombe) these figures fiyure- les. Sylvester, The Trophies, 682. FIGURIE FIREBOOTE FlQUBIE, embroidery. That worthy Emperonr "Which rulde the world, and had all welth at wil, Could be content to tire his wearie wife, His daughters, and his niepces euerychone, To spin arid worke the clothes that he shuid weare, And neuer carde for silks or sumptuous cost, For cloth of gold, or tinsel fiyurie. Gascoiyne, Steel Glas, p. 71. FIGURIST. See extract. The Symbolists, Fiyurists, and Significatists . . . are of opinion that the faithful at the Lord's Supper do receive nothing. but naked and bare signs. Rogers on 39 Articles, p. 289. FIL, a filly or foal. A kind of a second Nag's-head fable, a fil of the same race, both sire and dam, begotten by the father of lies upon a slanderous tongue, and so sent post about the world to tell false tidings of the English. Sancroft, Consecration Sermon, 1660 (D'Oyly's Life, p. 345). FILE, a pickpocket (thieves' cant). The greatest character among them was that of a pickpocket, or, in their language, a fie. Fielding, Jonathan Wild, Bk. IV. ch. xiii. FILIATE, to connect as by descent. Affiliate is the usual form. Filiation will be found in R. and L., but it ap- pears to be only a technical term in theology. Master Rabelais says that the Bishop called the mother of the Three Kings St. Typhaine ; it is certain that such a Saint was made out of La Sainte Epiphanie, and that the three kings of Cologne were filiated upon her. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xci. Many parts indeed authenticate them- selves, bearing so strong a likeness that no one can hesitate at filiatiny them upon the ipsissimus Luther. Ibid, ch. ccxxxi. FILING-LAY, picking pockets (thieves' cant). I am committed for the fling-lay, man, and we shall be both nubbed together. I' faith, my dear, it almost makes me amends for being nubbed myself, to have the pleasure of seeing thee nubbed too. Fieldiny, Jona- than Wild, Bk. IV. ch. ii. FINDABLE, discoverable. Such persons . . have nothing more to be said of them finddble by all my endevours. Fuller, Worthies, ch. xxv. A man's ideal Is high in heaven, and lodged with Plato's God, Notfindable here. Tennyson, The Sisters. FINE. Fine as fivepence = very smart. Cf. CLEAN AS A PENNY, s. v. PENNY. Be not, Jug, as a man would say, finer than fivej>ence, or more proud than a peacock. Grim the Collier, Act II. His mistress is as fine as fipence in em- broidered satins. Wycherley, Love in a Wood, v. 2. Miss. Pray, how was she drest ? Lady Sm. "Why, she was as fine as five- pence ; but truly I thought there was more cost than worship. Swift, Polite Conversa- tion (Conv. iii.). FINEER, to veneer. The Italians c;vll it [^marquetry] pietre com- messe, a sort of inlaying with stones, analo- gous to the fineerino of cabinets in wood. Smollett, France and Italy, Letter xxviii. FINE-NOSED, delicate ; fastidious. The monks themselves were too fine-nosed to dabble in tan-fatts. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VI. ii. 1. FINQENT, forming ; fashioning. Ours is a most fictile world, and man is the most finyent, plastic of creatures. Car- lyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. I. ch. ii. FINGERS' ENDS. To arrive at one's fingers' ends = to be brought to great poverty, when one gnaws one's fingers' ends; to live by ones. fingers' ends by industry or manual labour. If any parte of Musick haue suffred ship- wrack, and ariued by fortune at their fingers endes, with shewe of gentilitie they take vp faire houses, receiue lusty lasses at a price for boorders, and pipe from morning to eueniug for wood and coale. Gosson, Schoole of Abuse,^. 36. How many goodly cities could I reckon up that thrive wholly by trade, where thousands of inhabitants live singular well by their fingers' ends. Burton, Democ. to Reader, p. 55. FINKLE, fennel. The heading of ch. ix. in Bk. XX. of Holland's Pliny is, " Of Finkle or Fennell, and Hernpe." FIREBOOTE, " fuel for necessary occa- sions, which by common law any tenant may take out of the lands granted to him" (Bailey's Diet.). There are a great number of pollard trees standing and growing upon the commons aforesaid, the crops whereof as they grow are usually cut by the copiehoulders of the sayd maner, and taken and converted by them for fireboote according to the custom thereof ; but the bulkes and bodies of those pollards belonging to the lords of the sayd maner. Survey of Maner of Wimbledon, 10-19 FIRE-EATER ( FIRE-EATER, a fierce fellow: gener- ally used rather contemptuously. See quotation from Tennyson s. v. DARE- DEVIL, and from Carlyle s. v. BULK. Barnes need not get up in the morning to punch Jack Belsize's head. I'm sorry for your disappointment, you Fenchurch-street fire-eater. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xxix. FIRE-HOOK, a hook used for pulling down burning houses. See N., whose only quotation is from the Nomenclator. God will plague thee, and those teeth that tare my harmlesse face will the divel teare out with a hot fire-hooke. Breton, Miseries of Mauillia, p. 51. The engines thunder'd through the street, Fire-hook, pipe, bucket, all complete. J. and H. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 80. FIREHOUSE, hearth. The constant rent he settled were the Peter-pences to the Pope of Rome to be paid out of every firehouse in England. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. iii. 13. FIRESHIP, prostitute, especially one who is diseased. Nev. "Well, but, Sir John, are you ac- quainted with any of our fine ladies yet, any of our famous toasts ? Sir John. No, damn your fireships ; I have a wife of my own. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). This wit advised him to keep clear of me, for I was a fireship. " A fireship ! (replied the sailor) more like a poor galley in distress that has been boarded by such a fireship as you." Smollett, Roderick Random, ch. xxiii. FIREWORK, work wrought in the fire : not, as now, pyrotechnics. His heart the anuile wheron the deuill frames his fireicorke. Breton, A Murmurer, p. 10. FIREWORK, a display of fireworks. We have not yet done diverting ourselves : the night before last the Duke of Richmond gave a fireicork ; a codicil to the peace. Walpole to Mann, ii. 297 (1749). FIRMAMENT, strength ; confirmation. By surveying over hastily he did quite oversee all our principal evidence, and the chief est firmaments of our cause. ramhall, ii. 24. FIRMLESS, unsteady ; shifting. It [Astronomy] leaues swift Tigris, and to Nile retires, And, waxen rich, in Egypt it erects A famous School, jeifirmless in affects, It falls in loue with subtle Grecian wits. Sylvester, The Columnes, 607. ?4i ) nSH Past the Red Sea, heer vp and down we float Onfirmless sands of this vast desert here. Ibid., The Lawe, 926. FIRMORIE, infirmary. Infirmarium, or the Firmorie (the Curatour whereof Infirmarius), wherein persons down- right sick (trouble to others, and troubled by others, if lodging in the dormitorie) had the benefit of physiek, and attendance private to themselves. Fuller, Ch. Hist., vi. p. 286. FIRRET, to ferret, " nearer to the Latin viverra and the Italian fierretto than the more modern form, ferret " (Jacobson, note in loc.). If Israel turn their backs upon their enemies, up, Joshua, and make search for tha troubler of Israel, firret out the thief, and do execution upon him. Sanderson, iii. 88. FIRRY, of the fir-tree. And oft I heard the tender dove In firry woodlands making moan. Tennyson, Miller's Daughter. FIRST. At first = immediately. He bids them put the matter in adventure and then but whistle for an angel, and they will come at first. Andrewes, Sermons, v. 523. FIRSTLY, in the first place. R. has no example of this word, and De Quincey (Spanish Nun, sect. 5) writes, " First (for 1 detest your ridiculous and most pedantic neologism of firstly) first the shilling for which I have given a receipt ; secondly two skeins of suit- able thread.' ' L. quotes from Sylves- ter' s Du Bartas, "the wound the old serpent firstly gave us." FIRSTSHIP, beginning. Two Firstships met in this man, for he handselled the House-Convent. . . . Secondly, he was the first Carmelite who in Cambridge took the degree of Doctor in Divinity. Ful- ler, Worthies, Suffolk (ii. 340). Fisc, exchequer. L. marks this word as rare, and gives a single example from Burke ; an earlier and later instance are subjoined. Daniel also, Hist, of Eng., p. 169, speaks of informers as " fruitful! agents lor tne fisicc. Peru, they say (supposing Ophir so), By yeerly fleets into his fisk doth flow. Sylvester, The Magnificence, 609. The streams were perennial which fed his fisc. When new supplies became necessary, the first person that had the felicity to fall in with him, friend or stranger, was sure to contribute to the deficiency. Lamb, Essays of Elia (Two Races of Men). FISH. Drunk a* a fish = very druuk FISHABLE ( 242 ) FIZZ 'Gad, my head begins to whim it about. Why dost thou not speak ? thou art both as drunk and as mute as a fish. Congreve, Way of the World, iv. 9. FISHABLE, capable of being fished. There was only a small piece of fishable water in Engleboura. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xlvii. FISH-BROTH, water. The churlish frampold waves gave him his belly-full of fish-broath. Nashe, Lenten Stu/e (Harl. Misc., vi. 168). FISHER'S KNOT, a slip-knot, the ends of which lie horizontally, and will not become untied. Then end to end, as falleth to their lot, Let all your links, in order as they lie, Be knit together with th&t fisher's knot That will not slip, nor with the wet untie ; And at the lowest end, forget it not, To leave a bout or compass like an eye, The lint that holds your hook to hang upon, "When you think good to take it off and on. Dennis, Secrets of Any ling (Arber, Eng, Garner, i. 150.) FISH-FAG, a disparaging name for a female fish-hawker. "Who deemed himself of much too high a rank, With vulgar fish-fags to be forced to chat. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 106. FISHMONGERS' FAIR, Lent. In Mars- ton's Malcontent one of the characters says, " Then we agree ? " the other replies, "As Lent and fishmongers." And Nashe in his Lenten Stujfe (Harl. Misc., vi. 161) says that if it were not for the herring "fishmongers might keepe Christmasse all the yeere," t. e. would have no trade. It was at a time when it is the fishmongers' {air (tempus quo regnant piscatores) and the utchers' time to be starved. Bailey's Eras- mus, p. 219. FISTIC, pugilistic. In fistic phraseology, he had a genius for coming up to the scratch, wherever and what- ever it was, and proving himself an ugly customer. Dickens, Hard Times, ch. ii. FITCHY, pointed. In heraldry a cross is said to be fitchee when the lower part ends in a point. Each board had two tenons fastned in their silver sockets, which sockets some con- ceive made fitchy or picked, to be put into the earth. Fuller, Pisgah Sight, IV. iv. 14. FlTTY, subject to fits. They . . . turned out so sickly and fifty that there was no rearing them anyhow. Nares, Thinks I to Myself, ii. 168. FITTY, suitable. Cicero, Varro, Quintilian, and others strained themselues to giue the Greek wordes Latin names, and yet nothing so apt a.ndfitty. Puttenham, Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. ix. FIVE-FINGER, also called the crow- fish, a species of Asterias or star-fish. There are great penalties by the Admiralty- Court laid upon those that ... do not tread under their feet, or throw upon the shore, a fish which they [people of Colchester] call a Five-finger, resembling the rowel of a spur, because that fish gets into the Oysters when they gape, and sucks them out. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 10. FIVER, a five-pound note (slang). Cf. TENNEB. I'll trot him . . . against any horse you can bring for a fiver. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. vi. FIVES, fist, as being formed of the five fingers : a slang term. Whereby, altho' as yet they have not took to use their fives, Or, according as the fashion is, to sticking with their knives, I'm bound there'll be some milling yet, and shakings by the collars, Afore they choose a chairman for the Glori- ous Apollers. Hood, Row at the Oxford Arms. Then let's act like Count Otto, and while one survives, Succumb to our she-saints, videlicet wives ; That is, if one has not a good bunch of fives. Ingoldsby legends (S. Odille). FIVES, a game something like tennis, but the ball is played by the hand ; hence its name. See preceding entry. Or as you may see in the Fleet or the Bench, (Many folks do in the course of their lives) The well-struck ball rebound from the wall, When the gentlemen jail-birds are playing at fives. Ingoldsby Legends (S.Medard). The little man was playing at fives against the bare wall. . . . He had no ball to play with, but he played with a brass button. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. xxxv. Fix, a difficulty (slang). It's " a pretty particular Fix," Bloudie Jacke, She is caught like a mouse in a trap. Ingoldsby Legends (Bloudie Jacke). We were now placed in an uncommonly awkward^*. Block, Adventures of a Phaeton, ch. xxv. Fizz, to make a hissing or sputtering sound. FIZZLE ( 243) FLANNEL Thou oft hast made thy fiery dart Fizz in the hollow of his heart. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 249. FIZZLE, an onomatopoeous word, sig- nifying the sound of singeing hair, or of hot iron plunged into water, or the like. Whose beards this a black, that inclining to grizzle Are smoking, and curling, and all in a fizzle, Ingoldsby Legends (Auto-da-fe). FLABELL, to fan. It is continually flabelled, blown upon, and aired by the north winds. Urquhart's Ra- ' tis, Bk. I. ch. xxxix. FLAG, a pinion. The haggard cloister'd in her mew To scour her downy robes, and to renew Her broken flags, preparing to o'erlook The tim'rous mallard at the sliding brook, Jets oft from perch to perch. Quarles, Emblems, III. i. FLAGGED. The admiral in the quota- tion is the ship which carries the ad- miral's flag. See L. . v. ADMIRAL. At thy firmest age Thou hadst within thy bole solid contents That might have ribb'd the sides and plank'd the deck Of some flagged admiral. Cowper, Yardley Oak. FLAGMAX, an admiral. Cf. FLAGGED. To Mr. Lilly's the painter's, and there saw the heads, some finished, and all begun, of the Flaggmen in the late great fight with the Duke of York against the Dutch. Pepys, April 18, 1666. He was a kind of Flagman, a Vice-Admiral, in all those expeditions of good fellowship. Gentleman Instructed, p. 535. FLAGONET, small flagon. And in a \>\ams\ti flayonet stood by Beere small as comfort, dead as charity. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 281. FLAGRE. Tarre, mistresse (quoth shee), we commonly use when the wound is not deepe ; but, ber- lady, for this I can tell you what we will doo, a little flagre, and the white of a new laid egge mingled with a little honey, you shall see I will make a medicine for him. Breton, Miseries of Mauillia, p. 40. FLAIL, to strike as with a flail. And in an od corner for Mars they be stern- f ulye flayling Hudge spoaks and chariots. Stanyhurst, Conceites, p. 138. FLAM, humbugging. The word is given in the Diets, as verb and sub- stantive, but in the extract it is used adjectivally. To amuse him the more in his search, she addeth a flam story that she had got his hand by corrupting one of the letter-carriers in London. Sprat, Relation of Young's Con- trivance, 1692 (Harl. Misc., vi. 224). FLAMAN, a flamingo (the description of the bird is not in the original). Others grew in the legs, and to see them you would have said they had been cranes, or the reddish-long-billed-storklike-scrank- legged sea-fowls, called flamans, or else men walking upon stilts or scatches. Urquharfs Rabelais, II. i. FLAMBOYANT. This French word, as an architectural term, may be considered naturalized among us. Mons. de Caumont's name is Flamboyant, alluding to the waving of a flame, and the tracery of the windows of this style . . gives very forcibly the idea of this waving in its dividing lines. Archceol., xxiv. 179 (1834). FLAME, sweetheart. How will she outshine all our Caermarthen ladies : and yet we have charming girls in Caermarthen. Am I, or am I not right, Mr. Reeves, as to my nephew's flame, as they call it? Richardson, Grandison, i. 46. I suppose she was an old flame of the Colonel's, for their meeting was uncom- monly ceremonious and tender. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xxii. FLAMEFUL, burning. Pale phlegm, or saffron-coloured choler, In feeble stomacks belch with divers dolor, And print vpon our vnderstanding's tables, That water - wracks, this other flamefull fables. Sylvester, Eden, 401. FLAMFEWS, kickshaws ; trifles. Voyd ye fro these flamfews, quoa the God. Stanyhurst, Conceites, p. 138. FLANKER, pavement at the side of a road. In July and August was the high way from near the end of St. Clement's Church to the way leading to Marston pitched with pebbles, and the paths or flankers with hard white stones. Life of A. Wood, 1682. FLANNEL, soft or warm. In the second extract it seems = flaccid. About this time of year I have little fevers every night, which bid me repair to a more flannel climate. Walpole, Letters, iii. 9 (1764). Some old duchess, as a badger gray, (Her snags by Time, sure dentist, snatched away) With long, l&uk, flannel cheeks. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 152. R 3 PLANT AD OE FLA UNT FLANTADOE, a word coined, I sup- pose, by Stanyhurst : the original is spumas salis cere ruebant. Tward Sicil Isle scantly thee Trojan nauye dyd enter, And the sea salte foaming wyth br&neflan- tadoe dyd harrow. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 44. FLAPDOODLE. See extracts. H. gives it, without example, as a West country expression. " It's my opinion, Peter, that the gentle- man has eaten no small quantity of flap- doodle in his lifetime." " What's that, O'Brien ? " replied I ; "I never heard of it." " "Why, Peter," rejoiaed he, " it's the stuff they feed fools on." Marry at, Peter Simple, ch. xxviii. " I shall talk to our regimental doctors about it, and get put through a course of f ool's-diet before we start for India." >l Flap- doodle, they call it, what fools are fed on." Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xli. FLAPPER, a young wild duck. Lightbody happened to be gone out to shoot flappers. Miss Edyeworth, Manoeu- vring, ch. xiv. FLAPPE r, a flap or ledge. "What brave spirit could be content to sit in his shop with a flappet of wood, and a blue apron before him, . . that might pursue feats of arms? B. and Fl., Knight of Burn- ing Pestle, i. 3. FLAPPISH, careless or untidy, as having things loose and flapping about. I see your keys ! see a fool's head of your own : had I kept them I warrant they had been forthcoming : you are so flappish, you throw 'em up and down at your tail. The Committee, Act IV. FLAPPITS, finery ; fallals. The sign of the Golden Ball, it's gold all over, where they sell ribbands, and flappits, and other sort of geer for gentlewomen. Cibber, Provoked Husband, Act I. FLASH, flashy ; showy but unsub- stantial. Loath I am to mingle philosophical cor- dials with Divine, as water with wine, lest my consolations should be flash and dilute. Ward, Sermons, p. 63. FLASH. H. says, " A common word for a pool." In the extract it seems to mean a sufficient depth of water. I was gone down with the barge to London ; and for want of a flash, we lay ten weeks before we came again. Dialogue on Oxford Parliament, 1631 (Harl. Misc., ii. 116). FLASH, slang. " His checks no longer drew the cash, Because, as his comrades explain 'd 'mjlash, He had overdrawn his badger." Hood, Miss Kilmansegg. FLASHER, a showy or fashionable person. They are reckoned the flashers of the place, yet everybody laughs at them for their airs, affectations, and tonish graces and imper- tinences. Mad. D'Arllay, Diary, i. 260. Dr. Harrington, I find, is descended in a right line from the celebrated Sir John Har- rington, who was godson of Queen Elizabeth, and one of the gayest writers and flashers of her reign. Ibid. i. 333. FLASHMAN, rogue. " You're playing a dangerous game, my flashman, whoever you are," said Lee, rising savagely ; " I've shot a man down for less than that." H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. v. FLAT, a fool ; opposite of sharp. "Why your face is as black as your hat ! Your fine Holland shirt is all over dirt, And so is your point-lace cravat. "What a Flat , To seek such an asylum as that. Ingoldiby Legends (Bloudie Jacke). " You did not seek a partner in the peerage, Mr. Newcome." " No, no, not such a con- founded flat as that," cries Mr. Newcome. Thackeray, Neiecomes, ch. xvi. FLATCHET, an instrument of some kind : the original is cuspide. The word occurs again (^En., iii. 241) where Virgil has enses. This sayd, with pojnted flatchet thee moun- tan he broached, Rush do the winds forward through perst chinck narrolie whizling. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 91. FLATS, some kind of false dice. What false dise vse they ! as disc stopped with quicksiluer and heares, dise of a vaunt- age, Jlattes, gourdes to chop and chaunge whan they lyste to lette^the trew dise fall vnder the table, and so take vp the false. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 54. FLATTERABLE, open to flattery. He was the most flatterable creature that ever was known. North, Life of Lord Guil- ford, i. 118. FLAT-TIRING, downright fatigue (?). Having already past over the greatest part of Arcadia, ... his Horse (nothing guilty of his iuquisitiveness) with flat-tiring taught him that discreet stays make speedy journies. Sidney, Arcadia, Bk. i. p. 42. FLAUNT A FLAUNT, streaming. FLAY-FLINT ( 245 ) FLE YKE What be they? women masking in men's weedes, With dutchkin dublets and with jerkins With Spanish spangs, and ruffes set out of France, With high copt hattes, and f ethers flaunt a flaunt ? Gascoigne, Steel Glas (Epiloyus). Thy fethers flaunt a flaunte Are blowne awaie with winde. Breton, Floorish vpon Fancie, p. 18. FLAY-FLINT, a miser ; one who would skin a flint. There lived a, flay- flint near, we stole his fruit. Tennyson, Walking to the Mail. FLAYSOME, frightful ; terrifying : a North country word. Shoo'l not oppen't an ye mak yerflaysome dins till neeght. Hiss E. Bronte, Wuthering Heights, ch. ii. FLEAK, a hurdle. Cf. FLEYKE ; and see Peacock's Manley and Corringham Glossary (E. D. S.). The painful pioners wrought against their will, With fleaks and fagots ditches vp to fill. Hudson's Judith, iii. 116. DAMAGING FLEAKS. E. W and G. W were charged . . . with damaging a.fleak, the property of Lord Foley. . . . Police-sergeant Hind . . . found they had broken the fence. He matched the pieces, and they fitted to- gether. Gainsburgh News, June 27, 1868. FLEAWORT, inula conyza. Sylvester reckons among " pernicious plants ; " The dropsie-breeding, sorrow-bringing psylly, Heer called Flea-wurt, Sylvester, The Furies, 177. FLEBILE, lachrymose. Alackaday! a flebile style this upon a mournful occasion. North, Examen, p. 49. His voice falters, and he is let down from his touring tragics, and takes to the more calm and moderate style, not without a tinct of the flebile, as under some mortification, or rather utter despair. Ibid. p. 374. FLECKLESS, spotless. O hard when love and duty clash ! I fear My conscience will not count mejleckless. Tennyson, Princess, ii. Children demand that their heroes should be feckless, and easily believe them so. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xvi. FLEDGY, newly fledged; also, fea- thery. Lyke bees ..... When they do foorth carry theyre young swarme Jtedgyie to gathring. Stanyhvrst, JEa., i. 415. Where a fledyy sea-bird choir Soars for ever. Keats, Fingafs Cave. The swan soft leaning on \\erfledgy breast. Ibid., Otho the Great, ii. 2. FLEECE, a snatch ; an endeavour to fleece. There's scarce a match-maker in the whole town, but has had a fleece at his purse. Centlivre, The Beau's Duel, ii. 2. FLEMISH, to wave ; flourish. Here on this alder stump, not an hour old ; I thought they beauties starns weren't flem- ishing for nowt. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. iv. ' FLEMISH BOND, a method of laying bricks. Workmen began to vise what they call the Flemish bond, which is the strongest as well as the oldest regular bond used in building. Archaol., iv. 106 (1777). FLESH, to clothe with flesh. This bare sceleton of time, place, and per- son must be fleshed with some pleasant pas- sages. Fuller, Worthies, ch. i. FLESH-BIRD, a carrion bird, as the vulture, &c. O'er his uncoffined limbs The flocking flesh-birds screamed. Coleridge, To a Young Man of Fortune. FLESHHOLD, flesh enough for teeth to seize on. There was fleshhold enough for the rhym- ing Satirists and the wits of those times, whereon to fasten the sorest and the strong- est teeth they had. Sanderson, iii. 106. FLESH-SPADES, nails. My landlady, highly resenting the injury done to the beauty of her husband by the flesh-spades of Mrs. Honour, called aloud for revenge and justice. Tom Jones, Bk. XI. ch. viii. FLETCHER. " Jack Fletcher and his bolt " seems a proverbial expression for things dissimilar. Fletcher = arrow- maker ; hence the reference is to the distinction between the intelligent work- man and the dead product of his skill. We are as like in conditions as Jack Fletcher and his boiclt, I brought up in learning, but he is a very dolt. Edwards, Damon and Pithias (Dodsley, 0. PI., i. 232). FLEYKE, a gate, or paling, or part of a stall. See H. s. v. FLAKE, and cf. FLEAK. FLICT ( 246 ) FLOCKERS To discuss divinity they nought adread, More meet it were for them to milk kye at &fleyke. Song of John Nobody (Strype, Cranmer, Vol. II. App., p. 636). FLICT, to afflict. Stanyhurst spells the word two different ways in the same line, unless flighted = forced to fly. My self erst flighted to reliue thee Jlicted I learned. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 615. FUDGE, to become fledged. They every day build their nests, every houre flidge, and in tearme-time especially flutter they abroad in flocks. Greene, Theeves falling out, 1615 (Harl. Misc., viii. 383). FLIGHT, to scold. Then pardou me for these uncourteons words The which I in my rage did utter forth, Prick'd by the duty of a loyal mind ; Pardon, Alphonsus, this my first offence, And let me die if e'er I flight again. Greene, Alphonsus, Act II. FLIMP, to hustle ; to rob. See quota- tion more at length, s. v. CROSS. Flimping is a style of theft which I have never practised, and consequently of which I know nothing. H. Kinysley, Ravenshoe, ch. i. FLIMSY, bank-notes or other paper- money (slang). In English Exchequer-bills full half a million, Not kites manufactured to cheat and inveigle, But the right sort of flimsy, all signed by Mouteaglo. Ingoldsby Legends (Mer. of Venice). FLING, a dance. So he stept right up before my gate, And danced me a saucy fling. Hood, The Last Man. FLING. Full fling = headlong, vio- lently. A man that hath taken his career, and runs full fling to a place, cannot recoil him- self, or recall his strength on the sudden. Adams, i. 237. FLING AWAY, or OUT, or FROM, to leave hastily (in anger). Holland uses it = escape. Udal (see quotation s. v. SHUTTLE-BRAINKD) has the word in this sense without any preposition attached. His towne was not far off, . . . which as he assaulted in two severall places, the Britons flung out at a back way: but many of them in their flight were taken. Holland?* Cam- den, p. 37. With this he flings away in discontentment, as if he meant with speed to quit the king- dom. Hid. of Edw. II., p. 153. He flung from her and went out of the room. Richardson, Grandison, iv. 209. FLINGBBAND, quarrelsome ; polemical. I would to God some amongst us had one dram of this grace [discretion] mingled with their whole handfuls of zeal. It would a little cool the preternatural heat of the fling- brand fraternity, as one wittily calleth them. Adams, i. 125. FLINT. The common phrase to skin a flint assumes in the extract a some- what different shape. For their fare, it was course in the quality, and yet slender in the quantity thereof ; in- somuch that they would in a manner make pottage of a flint. Fuller, Ch. Hist., III. vi. 37. FLINTED, hardened ; cruel. Also we the byrthplace detest of flinted Vlisses. Stanyhurst, JEn., iii. 279. FLIPFLAP, a flighty person. The light airy fipflap, she kills him with her motions. Vanbruyh, False Friend, I. i. FLIPPER, the finlike arm and deterior- ated hand of the seal, and so applied (in slang) to a man's fist. Thus limb from limb they dismembered him So entirely, that e'en when they came to his wrists, "With those great sugar-nippers they cut off his flippers, As the Clerk very flippantly termed his fists. Ingoldsby Legends (Gengulphus). A fist like a seal's flipper proclaimed him the prize-fighter. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xiv. FLITCH, buttock : usually applied only to a beast, especially a pig. Although he has no riches, But walks with dangling breeches, And skirts that want their stiches, And shewes his naked fitches, Yet he'll be thought or seen So good as George-a-Green. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 278. FLOCCINAUCITIES, worthless things. He did not suppose that trifles andflocci- naucities, of which neither the causes nor consequences were of the slightest import, were predestined. Southey, The Doctor, ch. clxxx. FLOCK, to hold in scorn (flocci ?) "We do hym loute &ndflocke, And make him among vs our common sport- ing-stocke. Udal, Roister Doister, iii. 3. FLOCKERS, those who flock or crowd to a place. The earth was overlaid "With flackers to them. Chapman, Iliad,u. 71. FLOCK LESS ( 247 ) FLOWER FLOOKLESS, without a flock. You must remove the flockless pastors, or the payment of the priesthood will be use- less. Sydney Smith, Letters, 1843. FLOCK - FATED, silly. Cf . FEATHER- HEADED. And he that would be a poet Must in no ways be flock-pated : His ignorance, if he show it, He shall of all schollers be hated. Roxburgh Ballads, ii. 496. FLOG - MASTER, one who wields the lash. Busby was never a greater terror to a blockhead, or the Bridewell flog-master to a night-walking strumpet. T. Brown, Works, ii. 205. FLOODLESS, arid. A fruit-lea, fiood-les, yea, a land-les land. Sylvester, The Lawe, 1197. FLOOKE, a flounder. Nor would I be a byrd within a cage, Nor dogge in kennell, nor a bore in stye ; Nor crab-tree-staffe to leane vpon for age, Nor wicked Hue to leade a youth awrye ; Nor like a Jlooke that floates but with the fludde, Nor like an eele that liues but in the mudde. Breton, I would and I would not, st. 122. FLOORCLOTH, a cloth made of hemp and flax, prepared in a particular way : usually employed for backstairs, pas- sages, &c. I've heard our front that faces Drury Lane Much criticised ; they say 'tis vulgar brick- work, A mimic manufactory of floor-cloth. J. and H. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 121. It was a neat, dull little house on the shady side of the way, with new narrow floorcloth in the passage. Sketches by Boz (Our Next- Door Neighbour). FLOOR-CLOTH, to cover with floor- cloth. The drawing-room at Todgers's was out of the common style ; ... it was floor-clothed all over, and the ceiling, including a great beam in the middle, was papered. Dickens, Martin Chuzzlewit, ch. ix. FLOPPY, loose ; flapping about. In those days even fashionable caps were large and floppy. G. Eliot, Amos Barton, ch. ii. FLORENCE, a wine or liqueur. The chest of Florence which puzzled James and me so much proves to be Lord Hert- ford's drams. Walpole to Mann, iii. 255 (1757). I told Mr. Fox of the wine that is coming, and he told me what I had totally forgot, that he has left off Florence, and chooses to have no more. Ibid. iii. 329 (1759). FLORENT, flourishing. Sinopa (o long) was ... a fiorent citee, and of greate power. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 77. Scandal has our florent glory spoil'd. D'Urfey, Two Queens of Brentford, Act II. FLORISHES, flowers (in women). As childe-great women, or green maids (that miss Their terms appointed for their florishes) Pine at a princely feast, preferring far Bed herrings, rashers, and (som) sops in tar. Sylvester, The Lawe, 897. FLOSCULET, a bud. Herrick, writing on a lady who died in childbed, leaving a daughter, says, But when your own faire print was set Once in a virgin flosculet Sweet as yourself, and newly blown, To give that life resign'd your own. Hesperides, p. 133. FLOTESS, scum. If thou burnest blood and fat together to please God, what other thing dost thou make of God, than one that had lust to smell to burnt flotess? Tyndale, ii. 215. FLOTTER, to flutter or falter. Ah ! how sick am I ! my strength is gone, my sight faileth me, my tongue flottereth in my mouth. Becon, iii. 94. FLOURISHABLE, blooming ; attractive. The devil doth but cozen the wicked with his cates : as before in the promise of deli- cacy, eo here of perpetuity. He sets the countenance of continuance on them, which indeed are more fallible in their certainty than flourishable in their bravery. Adams, i. 217. FLOUTING-STOCK, a butt. In the second extract it seems rather = jests, hoaxes. This is well ; he has made us his vlouting- stoy. Mery Wives of Windsor, III. i. You are wise and full of gibes and vlouting- stocks, and 'tis not convenient you should be cozened. Ibid. IV. v. I was treated as nothing, a flouting-stock and a make-game, a monstrous and abortive birth, created for no other end than to be the scoff of my fellows. Godwin, Mandeville, i. 263. FLOWER. " The flower of youth " is a common expression, but flower by itself = prime. It will be seen that the two elder writers quoted use the plural. FLOWER AGE ( 248 ) FLUNKY Fyrst whan englonde was in hisfloures, Or.lred by the temporall gouernoures, Knowenge 110 spirituall jurisdiccion; T.iau was ther in eche state and degre Haboundance and pleutuous prosperite, Peaceable welthe without affliccion. Dyaloge between a Gentillman and a husbandman, p. 138. If he be young and lusty, the devil will put in his heart, and say to him, What ! thouart iu thy flowers, man ; take thy pleasure. Latimer, i. 431. The virgin in her floivr, The fresh young youth, the sucking children small, And hoary head dead to the ground shall fall. Sylvester, The Lawe, 1449. Dr. Playfere departed out of this world, iu the 46 year of his life, in his flower, and prime. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 18. " Being formed for society, and being cut off in your flower, you know." " I say," in- terposed the other quickly, " what are you talking of? Don't! Who's a going to be c it off in their flowers? " Dickens, Barndby Hu lye, ch. Ixxiv. FLOWERAGE, flowers ; blossoms. O, as that evening Sun fell over the Champ- de-Mars . . . saw he on his wide zodiac road other ,stii'h sight? A living garden spotted aud dotted with such floweraye ; all colours of the prism, the.beautif ullest blent friendly with the usefullest. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch.ri. St. Edmund's shrine glitters now with diamond^ojcera/es, with a plating of wrought gold. Ibid., Past and Present, Bk. II. ch. iii. FLOW RETRY, decoration in imitation of flowers. The cedar wa; so curiously carved with imagery of flowers, palms, and Cherubims, that the walls of the house seemed at the same time a garden of flowers, a grove of trees, yea, and a paradise of angels. Nor was all this flowretry, and other celature on the cedar, lost labour. Fuller, Pisyah Siyht, III. v. 4. FLUCTUANCY. fluctuation ; wavering. They may have their storms and tossings sometime, partly by innate fluctua ncy, as the rollings and tidings of the sea, and partly by outward winds and tempests. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 222. FLUCTUATE, to unsettle: usually a verb neuter. The younger sisters are bred rebels too, but the thought of guiding their mother, when such royal distinction was intended her, flat- tered and fluctuated them. Mad. IfArUay, Diary, iv. 204. FLUCTUOUS, flowing ; pertaining to the waves. See quotation more at length *. v. IMBRISTLE. Madona Amphitrite's^weZMous.demeans. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 151). FLUDY, pertaining to the sea or flood. Nashe calls the herring " this monarch- all fludy induperator." See quotation S. V. EXCELSITDDE. FLUE, influenza. I have had a pretty fair share of the flue, and believe I am now well rid of it at last. Southey, Letters, 1839 (iv. 574). FLUENCE, stream. The Diets, only give the word = fluency. That he first did cleanse With sulphur, then with faiences of sweetest water rense. Chapman, Iliad, xvi. 224. FLUKE, a hydatid, or parasitical in- testinal worm, so called from its like- ness to a flounder. Like sheep-boys stuffing themselves with blackberries, while the sheep are licking up flukes in every ditch. Kingsley, Saint's Tra- gedy, ii. 8. FLUKE, something unexpected ; a chance (slang). These conditions are not often fulfilled, I can tell you ; it is a happy fluke when they are. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. six. FLUMMOX, to confound. My 'pinion is, Sammy, that if your governor don r t prove a alleybi, he'll be what the Italians call reg'larly flummoxed. Pickwick Papers, ch. xxxiii. FLUMP, to put down with violence. Bellows went skimming across the room, chairs were flumped down on the floor, and poor Gambouge's oil and varnish-pots went clattering through the windows. Thackeray, Paris Sketch-Book, ch. v. FLUNKEYDOM, the domain of flunkeys or servile people. See quotation s. v. OBSCURANTISM. Can you deny that you've been off and on lately between flunkeydom and the Cause, like a donkey between two bundles of hay ? C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. xxvii. FLUNKY, a livery servant ; hence ap- plied to a servile person. L. has the word with quotations from Thackeray. I add the following as showing that Carlyle in 1838 regarded the term as a Scotticism. The word occurs two or three times in Miss Ferrier's Inheritance (1824). In all this who sees not sensuality, preten- sion, boisterous imbecility enough ; much that could not have been ornamental in the temper of a great man's over-fed great man (what the Scotch name flunky), though it had FLUSH ( 249 ) FLY been more natural there? Carlyle, Misc., iii. 55. FLUSH, a term at primero, when the cards were of a suit ; also at cribbage. Gifford says that five and fifty was the highest number to stand on at primero, and if a flush accompanied this, the hand was irresistible. I bring you No cheating Clim o' the doughs, or Claribels, That look as big as five and fifty and flush. Jonson, Alchemist, I. i. There was nothing silly in it [whist], like the nob in cribbage nothing superfluous. No flushes, that most irrational of all pleas that a reasonable being can set up ; that any one should claim four by virtue of holding cards of the same mark and colour, without reference to the playing of the game, or the individual worth or pretensions of the cards themselves. Lamb, Essays of Elia (Mrs. Battle). FLUSHENIZE, to make like the men of Flushing ; to adopt the drinking habits of the Dutch. O that these healthes that makes so many sicke, Were buried in the lake of Leathe quicke ! For since our English (ah !) were Flusheniz'd, Against good manners and good men they kicke. Danes, Mirum in Modum, p. 10. FLUSHING, a woollen material, so called from the place where it is manu- factured. He walked his battlements under fire, as some stout skipper paces his deck in a suit of Flushing, calmly oblivious of the April drops that fall on his woollen armour. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xliii. FLUSTBATED, tipsy. Flustered is more common. "We were coming down Essex Street one night a little foist rated, and I was giving him the word to alarm the watch. Spectator, No. 493. FLUSTRATION, confusion ; flurry. " Bless me," said she, " how soon these fine young ladies will be put mtojlusterations." Richardson, Cl. Harloice, ii. 204. A fine gentleman with a pig's tail and a golden sord by his side came to comfit me. . . . My fellow survaut Umphry Klinker bid him be sivil, and he gave the young man a dowse in the chops, but I fackins Mr. Klin- ker wa'n't long in his debt ; with a good oaken sapling he dusted his doublet for all his golden chease-toaster, and fipping me under his arm, carried me huom, I nose not how, being I was in such a fustration. Humphrey Clinker, i. 126. He felt, all over him, a mix'd sensation, A kind of shocking, pleasing, queer foistration. Colman, I'ottical Vagaries, p. 146. FLUSTRUM, agitation. We may take the thing quietly without being in a fotstrum. Miss Edgeicorth, Ab- sentee, ch. v. FLUTUH, adjective, a reproachful term. Jobbinol goose-caps, foolish loggerheads, futch calfrlollies. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxv. FLUTE, to sound as a flute. See quotation s.v. LUTE. So said he, and the barge with oar and sail Moved from the brink, like some full-breasted swan, That, jlvti ng a wild carol ere her death, Ruffles her pure cold plume, and takes the flood With swarthy webs. Tennyson, Passing of Arthur. FLUTE-DOUX, a species of flute : the latter part of the word intimating its sweetness. Trick. There's five-and-twenty couple of bears are to dance a dance in Paris-garden before the king ; and f our-and-twenty couple of French apes play to them upon th&Jlute- doux. Dash. . . . Four-and-twenty bears dance to jlute-douxes ! Revenge, or A Match in Newgate, Act II. FLUTENIST, flute-player. These village-known cheeks that in country listes Were fencers' men, these sometimes jlutenists Beare office now. Stapylton, Juvenal, iii. 42. FLY, to travel by a fly. Coach was employed as a verb in the same way. See also LITTER. We then feed to Stogursey just to see the Church. . . . Tuesday, Poole jlied us all the way to Sir T. Ackland's Somersetshire seat. Southey, Letters, 1836 (iii. 478). FLY, wide awake ; sharp. See quota- tion s. v. CLYFAKINQ. " Do what I want, and I will pay you well." . . . " I am fly," says Joe ; " but fen larks, you know: stow hooking it." Dickens, Bleak House, ch. xvi. FLY, a carriage for hire : it seems at first to have been applied to carriages drawn by men. A nouvelle kind of four-wheel vehicles drawn by a man and an assistant are very accommodating to visitors and the inhabit- ants ; they are denominated Jtys, a name given by a gentleman at the Pavilion upon their t'rst introduction in 1816 ; and as they FOB US ( 250 ) FOLLY have superseded the sedan chairs, we have given a list of fares for the use of these vehicles at the end of the work. Wright's Brighton Ambulator, 1818. Legs the tightest that ever were seen, The tightest, the lightest that danced on the green, Cutting capers to sweet Kitty Clover. Shatter'd, scatter 'd, cut, and bowl'd down, Off they go, worse off for renown, A line in the Times or a talk about town, Than the leg that &fy runs over. Hood, Miss Kilmansegy. FOBUS, a term of reproach. Ay, you old fobus, and you would have beeii my guardian, would you, to have taken care of my estate, that half of 't should never come to me, by letting long leases at pepper-corn rents? Wycherley, Plain Dealer, II. i. FCEDIFRAGOUS, covenant-breaking. "We see it [adultery] plagued to teach us that the sin is of a greater latitude than some imagine it ; unclean, f&difragous, perjured. Adams, i. 250. FOG, gross ; bloated. Foggy is the usual adjective. A fovilefog monster, great swad, depriued of eyesight. Stanyhurst, JEn,, iii. 672. FOGLE, slang for a silk handkerchief ; foyle-hunter is a stealer of such. " What's the matter now ? " said the man carelessly. " A young foyle-hunter" replied the man who had Oliver in charge. "Are you the party that's been robbed, sir? " en- quired the man with the keys. " Yes, I am," replied the old gentleman, "but I am not sure that this boy actually took the hand- kerchief." Dickens, Oliver Ticist, ch. xi. " If you don't take fogies and tickers" M What's the good of talking in that way? " interposed Master Bates ; " he don't know what you mean." " If you don't take pocket handkechers and watches,' 1 said the Dodger, reducing his conversation to the level of Oliver's capacity, " some other cove will." Ibid. ch. xviii. FOGBAMITY, stupidity. See FOGRUM. Nobody's civil now, you know ; 'tis a fo- gramity quite out. Mad. D'Arblay, Camilla, Bk. II. ch. v. FOGRUM, fogeyish ; stupid. L. has fogrum as a substantive = fogy, in which sense also it occurs elsewhere in Camilla. Father and mother are but a couple of fntjrum old fools. Foote, Trip to Calais, Act I. Do you think I come hither for such foijrnm stuff as that? Mad. D'Arblay, Ca- milla, Bk. II. ch. v. FOIL. To give foil = to discomfit ; to take a foil = to accept discomfiture. Lose, gentle lords, but not by good King Edward ; A baser man shall give you all the foil, Greene, Geo-a-Greene, p. 261. Bestir thee, Jaques, take not now the foil. Lest thou didst lose what foretime thou didst gain. Ibid., Friar Bacon, p. 168. [The devil] is not only content to take a foil, but even out of the same thing wherein he was foiled maketh he matter of a new temptation, a new ball of fire. Andre wes, Sermons, v. 513. FOIL, the track of an animal. To run foil is to run over the same track, to double ; to take foil (see extract s. v. FOOTE SATJNTE) seems to have the same meaning. No hare when hardly put to it by the hounds, and running foil, makes more doub- lings and redoublings than the fetcht com- pass, circuits, turns, and returns in this their intricate peregrination. Fuller, Pisyah Sight, IV. iii. 6. I think I was hard run enough by your mother for one man ; but after giving her a dodge, here's another follows me upon the foil. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. VII. ch. iv. Safe from the fury of the critic hounds, O Bruce, thou treadest Abyssinian grounds, Nor can our British noses hunt thy foil. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 187. FOLDEDLY, in folds. The habite of her Priest was ... a pentacle of siluered stuffe about her shoulders, hang- ing foldedly down. Chapman, Masque of Mid. Temple. FOLLY. See quotations. They saw an object amidst the woods on the edge of the hill, which upon enquiry they were told was called Sh en stone 's folly. This is a name which, with some sort of propriety, the common people give to any work of taste, the utility of which exceeds the level of their comprehension. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. IX. ch. vii. There is nothing in this world which so provokes scorn as the utterly wasted ex- penditure on some proud building which, after a vast outlay, he who planned it, having totally miscalculated his means, is compelled to leave unfinished. . . . We know indeed how this scorn will often embody itself in a name given to the unfinished structure. It is called this man's or that man's "folly ; " and the name of the foolish builder is thus kept alive for long after-years on the lips of men. Ahp. Trench, Westminster Abbey Sermons, p. 130. FOLLY, to fool. Let me shun Such follyiny before thee. Keats, Endymion, Bk. i. FONTAL ( 251 ) FOOTY FONTAL, belonging to the font. This day among the faithful placed, And fed with fontal manua, O with maternal title graced Dear Anna's dearest Anna. Coleridge, Christening of a Friend's Child. FONTANGE, a head-dress introduced at the Court of Louis XIV. about 1680 by Mademoiselle Fontange. L. says " rare, obsolete, if ever naturalised," and quotes Spectator, No. 98. Now had the goddess of the year Long flourish'd in her summer geer, And envious autumn in revenge With dust had spoil'd her green fountange. D'Urfey, Collin's Walk, canto 2. The Duchess of Burgundy immediately undressed, and appeared in a fontange of the new standard. Gentleman Instructed, p. 105. It edifies, I am sure, and would become Quality, and fits as genteely on ladies as French fontanges. Ibid. p. 152. FONT-NAME, Christian name. Some presume Boston to be his Christian, of Bury his Sirname. But . . Boston is no Font-name. Fuller, Worthies, Lincoln (ii. 20). FOOL- FAT, to the full, and more (?). Or is it a substantive = bloated folly ? Nay, we must now have nothing brought on stages, But puppetry, and pide ridiculous antickes ; Men thither come to laugh, and feede fool- fat. Chapman, Revenge of Bussy D'Ambois, Act I. FOOLOCBACT, rule of fools : a hybrid word ; morocracy would be more cor- rect. Yet this is better than the old infamous jobbing, and the foolocracy under which it has so long laboured. Sydney Smith, Letters, 1832. FOOLOSOPHER, a contemptuous cor- ruption of philosopher. Cf. CRAZY- OLOGIST, FUTILITARIAN. Some of your philosophers (or foolosophers more properly) have had the faces to affirm that we [women] were not of the same species with men. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 4. FOOT seems to mean "trip" in the extract. Harry, giving him a slight foot, laid him on the broad of his back. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 166. FOOT. Now trust me not, readers, if I be not already weary of pluming and footing this sea-gull, so open he lies to strokes. Milton, Apol.for Smectymnuus, p. 125. FOOT. To put one's best foot forward or foremost = to make haste. But put your lest foot forward, or I fear That we shall miss the mail. Tennyson, Walking to the Mail. FOOTBACK. N. gives an extract from Taylor, who speaks of "footback trot- ting travellers," and observes that it is singularly used ; it is not, however, peculiar to Taylor ; it refers, of course, to pedestrians carrying a bundle or knapsack on their backs. Tolossa hath forgot that it was sometime sackt, and beggars that euer they caried their fardles onfootback. Nashe, Pref. to Greene's Menaphon. FOOTE SAUNT. Halliwell says, " A game at cards mentioned in the School of Abuse" Saunt or cent (q. v. in N.) was a game at cards ; but in the sub- joined there seems to me some double entendre, though I know not what; for how could people play a game at cards without cards? moreover, isfuote joined with saunt or cent anywhere else ? In our assemblies at playes in London you shall see . . . suche playing at foote Saunt without cardes,such ticking, such toying, such smiling, such winking, and such manning them home when the sportes are ended, that it is a right comedie to marke their be- hauiour, to watch their conceites, as the catte for the mouse, and as good as a course at the game itselfe to dogge them a little or followe aloofe by the print of their feete, and so discouer by slotte where the deare taketh foyle. Gosson, Schools of Abuse, p. 35 FOOT-FOLK, infantry. A favourite book of his grandfather had been the life of old George Frundsberg of Mindelheim, a colonel of foot-folk in the Im- perial service at Pavia fight. Tliackeray, The Virginians, ch. Ixiii. FOOTMAN, lazy tonrgs? They were to me like a dumb waiter, or the instrument constructed by the smith, and by courtesy called a "footman ; " they did what I required, and I was no further concerned with them. Godwin, Mandeville, iii. 67. FOOTY, poor ; mean. I think it would be a very pretty bit of practice to the ship's company to take her out from under Vna&footy battery. Marryat, Peter Simple, ch. xxxiii. Nobody wants you to shoot crooked ; take good iron to it, and not footy paving-stones. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. ix. POPPER L Y ( 252 ) FOR ED EL E FoPPERLY, foppish ; foolish. I'll set my foot to his, and fight it out with him, that their fopperly god is not so good as a Red-herriug. Nashe, Lenten Stujfe (Harl. Misc., vi. 167). FOP'S ALLEY, a passage up the centre of the pit in the old Opera House, where dandies congregated. During the last dance she was discovered by Sir Robert Floyer, who, sauntering down fop's alley, stationed himself by her side. Mad. D'Arblay, Cecilia, Bk. II. ch. iv. FORANIZE, to speak or act as a foreigner. Fuller, remarking that Pits called a certain private gentleman no- bilis, says that the word out of England does not imply more than gentle birth, and adds in the margin, " Our country- man, Pits, didforanize with long living beyond the seas." Worthies, Warwick (ii. 417). FORBEARANT, patient ; forbearing. Whosoever had preferred sincerity, earnest- ness, depth of practical rather than theoretic insight, . . . must have come over to London, and with forbearant submissiveness listened to our Johnson. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 237. FORBID, to defy, or challenge. To them whom the mist of envy hath so blinded that they can see no good at all done but by themselves, I forbid them, the best of them, to show me in Rheims or in Rome, or any popish city Christian, such a show as we have seen here these last two days. An- drewes, Sermons, v. 36. FORBIDDINGNESS, that which repels. If she has near her a person to whom she might communicate her whole mind without doubt of her fidelity, yet there may be a/or- biddingness in the person, a difference in years, in degree. Richardson, Grandison, iii. 264. FORCELET, a linen cloth (?). Our doctrine taketh no authority of private folk, of women, of forcelets, of napkins [linteis atqve lineis]. Jewel, i. 260. FORE. To the fore = in a prominent position ; ready at hand. According to Barham this is an Irish phrase, but it is now common in England. Two or three score Of magnificent structures around, perhaps more, As our Irish friends have it, are there to the fore. Ingoldsby Ley ends (Auto-da-Fe). FOREACQUAINT, to get knowledge be- fore! innd. Walk every day a turn or two with death in thy garden, and well foreatquaint thyself therewithal. Ward, Sermons, p. 53. Even foxes, and hares, and other such vermin, foreacquaint themselves with muses, thickets, and burrows, into which, when they are chased and hunted, they may repair for safety. Ibid. p. 67. FORE-AGES, time past. In fore-ages men of great titles would patronize the writing of good studies. Breton, Wit's Private Wealth (Dedic.). FORE-BACKWARDLY, preposterously ; putting cart before horse. Exercise indeed we do, but that very fore- baekwardly ; for where we should exercise to know, we exercise as having known. Sidney, Defence of Poesie, p. 561. FORE-BUTTOCK, breast. Now with a modern matron's careful air, Now her fore-buttocks to the navel bare. Misc. by Sicift, Pope, and Arbuthnot, iv. 222 (ed. 1733). FORECHACE, the hunt forwards. The Trojans were in pursuit of the Greeks that they might seize the body of Patroclus But when th' Ajaces turn'd on them, and made their stand, their hearts Drunk from their faces all their bloods, and not a man sustain'd The forechace nor the after-fight. Chapman, Iliad, xvii. 637. FORECONCLUDE, to conclude previ- ously. They held the same confederation fore- concluded by Alfred. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 12. FORECONDEMN, to condemn before- hand. What can equally savour of injustice and plain arrogance as to prejudice and forecon- demn his adversary in the title for " slander- ous and scurrilous " ? Milton, Apol. for Smectymnuus, p. 103. FORE COURT, front court. Englishmen in ancient time called in their language an Entry, and fore Court or Gate- house, Inbopou. Holland's Camden, p. 815. FOREDECREE, to preordain. God had fore-decreed to make it His owne worke by a cleaner way. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 162. FOREDEEM, to presage. Of a frende it was more standing with humanitee and gentlenesse to hope the best then to foredeme the worste. Udal's Eras- mus's Apophth., p. 3i'0. FOREDELE, advantage. See H. &. v. To one demaunding what auantage he had FOREDOXE ( 353 ) FOREIMAGINATION by his philosophic, " Though nothing els," saied he, " yet at lestwise Ihisforedele I haue, that I am readie prepared to al maner for- tune, good or badde." Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 157. FOREDONE, previous. And then behoveth us to take upon us sharp penance, continuing therein, for to obtain of the Lord forgivness of our fore- done sins, and grace to abstain us hereafter from sin. Exam, of W. Thorpe (Hale, Select Works, p. 67). FORE-DOOR, front door. See extract S. V. SCBTERRESTRIAL. The tiger-hearted man . . by force carried me through a long entry to the fore-door. Richardson, Grandison, i. 248. FOREFAINT, very languishing. And with that word of sorrow, allforefaint She looked up. Sackmlle, Induction, st. 15. FORE FATCHE, forethought or sub- tlety. Fetch is a common word for contrivance. I thought that a forrener and a straunger had bene all one. But bylike it includeth som great mistery knowne only to his Lord- shyppes politicke wisdome that they be here reckned two, as he is a man of a great fore fatche. Bale, Declaration of Banner's Articles, 1554 (Art. xi.). FOREFEEL, to feel beforehand. "With unwieldy waves the great sea forefeels winds That both ways murmur. Chapman, Iliad, xiv. 13. FOREFIT, to prepare. Mark such as, sentenced by judges and physicians, foreknow their death, yet with- out special grace forefit themselves never the more carefully. Ward, Sermons, p. 54. FOREFORM, to prepare. They will have no reserve upon them, no foreformed evasions or contrivances for escape. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 176. FOREGATE, entrance gate. The nether towne . . . fensed with a wall, with a castle also thereto, and a foregate at the entrance into it. Holland's Camden, ii. 81. Beare vp the Crosse ; and euer looke vpon't As on the only key of Heav'n's fore-gate. Davies, Muse's Teares, p. 15. Some postern or back-door for a gift to come in when the broad fore- gates are shut against it. Adams, ii. 259. FOREGATHER, to hold close inter- course with. And he waggled his tail, as much as to say, " Mr. Blogg, we've fwegathered before to- day." Inyoldsby Legends {Bagman's Dog). "I am ... a man of my word." "Ay, and a man who is better than his word," cried Catherine ; " the only one I ever did foregather." Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. liv. Instead of foregathering with an old friend, you discover that you have to make a new ac- quaintance. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. vii. FOREGROWN, overgrown. To be quiet from the inward, violent, injurious oppressors, the fat and foregrown rams within our own fold, is a special bless- ing. Andrewes, v. 137. FOREHEAD. Forehead of the morning is Chapman's rendering of 77,01 /zaXa, very early. Cf. "top of the morning," though that rather refers to the best part of the morning. I'll launch my fleet, and all my men remove ; "Which (if thou wilt use so thy sight, or think'st it worth respect) In forehead of the morn thine eyes shall see, with sails erect Amidst the fishy Hellespont. Chapman, Iliad, ix. 347. FJOREHEADED, headstrong"; tender- foreheaded gentle, meek. The Gnosticks, Valentinians, Cataphry- gians, . . . were tender-foreheaded and simple- spirited people compared to those high- crested and Seraphick Sophisters. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 47. Our zeal to God's glory (saith he), our love to His Church, and the due planting of the same in this For-headed age, should be so warm Heylin's Hist, of the Presbyterians, p. 278. FOREHEADLESS, brazen ; impudent. If Jethro called for courage in those modest, primitive times, and among a people newly tamed with Egyptian yokes, what do our audacious and foreheadless swaggerers require ? Ward, Sermons, p. 121. FOREHEARSE (?). Love is the wounder referred to. Ay me poore man, with many a trampling teare I feele him wound the forehearse of my heart. Greene, Menaphon, p. 87. FOREIMAGINATION, anticipation. If any of us had but half the strength of Paul's faith, or life of his hope, or cheerful foreimayinations, which he had of this feli- city, we could not but have the same desires and longings for our dissolution, and fruition of them. Ward, Sermons, p. 68. FOREKING ( 254 ) FORESHAPE FOREKING, a predecessor on the tli rone. "Why didst thou let so many horsemen hence ? Thy fierce forekings had clench'd their pirate hides To the bleak church doors, like kites upon a barn. Tennyson, Harold, iv. 3. FORELITTER, to litter or bring forth prematurely. Cf. extract from Greere, s. v. PUPPY. As forelittring bitches whelp blynd pup- pies, so I may bee perhaps entwighted of more haste then good speede. Stanyhurst, Virgil, Dedic. FOREMELT, to melt beforehand. Loue's vshering fire Foremelting beautie, and loue's flame itselfe. Chapman, Gentleman Vsher, Act IV. FOREMIND, to intend. Neauer I foremynded (let not mee falslye be threpped) For toe slip in secret by flight. Stanyhurst, 2En., iv. 354. FORE-NAME, Christian name. His soune, carrying the same fore-name, not degenerating from his father, lived in high honour. Holland's Camden, p. 320. FORENIGHT, previous night. Cf. AFTER-MORN in Tennyson. And I that in foreniyht was with no weapon agasted, And litel esteemed thee swarms of Greekish assemblye, Now shiuer at shaddows. Stanyhurst, JEn., ii. 753. FORENSIVE, legal. One thing remains that is purely of epis- copal discharge, which I will salute and go by, before I look upon his forensive or poli- tical transactions. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 97. FOREPAYMEXT, prepayment. I had 100 of him in forepayment for the first edition of Espriella, or rather in part of 'forepayment. Southey, Letters, 1807 (ii. 9). FOREPLAN, to prearrange. She had learnt very little more than what had been already foreseen and foreplanned in her own mind. Miss Austen, Sense and Sens- ibility, ch. xxxviii. FOREPOINT, to predestine ; foreshow. These three (as distressed wrackes), pre- serued by some further forepoynting fate, coueted to clime the mountaiue. Greene, Menaphon, p. 27. This (as forepointing to a storme that was gathering on that coast) began the first dif- ference with the French nation. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 10. FOREQUOTE, to cite beforehand. As publik and autentik rowles forequoti ng Couf used th' events most worthy noting In His deer Church, His darling and delight. Sylvester, The Columnes, 454. FORE-REPORT, to declare beforehand. Fame falls most short in those transcend- ents which are above her predicaments, . . . but chiefly in fore-reporting the happinesse in heaven. Fuller, Holy State, Bk. III. ch. xxiii. FORE-REQUEST, to ask beforehand. Whereas Papists plead that Offa had fore- requested the granting of these priviledges from the Pope, no mention at all thereof appears in the charter of his foundation (here too large to insert), but that all was done by his own absolute authority. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. iii. 38. FORE- RESEMBLE, to prefigure. He . . . stiffly argues that Christ being as well king as priest was as well fore-resembled by the kings then as by the high priest ; so that if his coming take away the one type, it must also the other. Milton, Reason of Ch. Government, Bk. I. ch. v. FORE-RESOLUTION, previous resolve. Men that want this fore-resolution are like a secure city, that spends all her wealth in furnishing her chambers and furbishing her streets, but lets her bulwarks fall to the ground. Adams, iii. 26. FORESEND, to send beforehand. Claudius . . . foresends Publius Ostorius Scapula, a great warrior, propraetor into Britaine. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 4. FORESENTENCE, prophetic doom. When wine had wrought, this good old man awook, Agniz'd his crime, ashamed, wonder-strook At strength of wine, and toucht with true repentance, With prophet mouth 'gan thus his son's fore-sentence. Sylvester, The A rke, p. 599. FORESHADOW, a shadowing before ; an anticipatory sketch. The verb is com- mon. It is only in local glimpses and by signifi- cant fragments . . . that we can hope to impart some outline or foreshadow of this doctrine. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. I. ch. viii. Dubious on the distracted patriot imagin- ation wavers, as a last deliverance, some foreshadow of a National Guard. Ibid., FT. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. V. ch. iii. FORESHAPE, to prepare ; to mould beforehand. But let it be propounded on his part, Or by the seculars before the Synod, FORESL1P ( 255 ) FORKED And we shall so foreshape the minds of meii That by the acclaim of most, if not of all, It shall be hailed acceptable. Taylor, Edwin the Fair, iii. 3. FORESLIP, to lose previously. You shall have them burnish, and grow thicke, yea, and then make hast for amends of the former timeforeslipt. Holland, Pliny, xix. 6. FORESNAFFLE, to restrain by anti- cipation. Had not I foresnaffled my mynde by votarye promise Not toe yoke in wedlock ? Stanyhurst, JEn., iv. 17. FORESPEAK, to bewitch, and so to invoke evil. Cf. BESPEAK, and see H. The sly Enchanter, when to work his will And secret wrong on someforespoken wight, Frames wax in form to represent aright The poor unwitting wretch he means to kill ; And pricks the image, framed by magic's skill, Whereby to vex the party day and night. Daniel, Sonnet X. (Arber's Eny. Garner, i. 585). I doe not forespeak or imprecate a further evil day upon any. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 337. FORESPEAKER, an introducer; one who prepares the way for another. "Wee must get him . . . gloues, scarfes, and fannes to bee sent for presents, which might be as it were forespeakers for his entertainment. Breton, Grimello's Fortunes, p. 10. FOREST. The Antiquary referred to for this curious derivation is stated in a note to be " Sir Robert Cotton (under the name of Mr. Speed) in Huntington- shire." Now was the South-west of this County made a Forest indeed, if, as an Antiquary hath observed, a Forest be so called, quia foris est, because it is set open and abroad. Fuller, Worthies, Hayits (i. 399). FORETEAM, front shaft or pole (Latin temo). Their chariots in their foreteams broke. Chapman, Iliad, xvi. 352. FORETHREATEN, to threaten before- hand. Druina's monarch himself, when all his great sages were at a stand, hit right upon it ; for it being forethreatned, and advertise- ment being fortunately lighted upon, that a sudden blow should be given, which should be no sooner doing than a piece of paper burning, His Majesty . . . positively avouched that it must be some project of nitre. Howell, Dodona's Grove, p. 44. FOREWEEP, to weep before ; to usher in with weeping. The sky in sullen drops of rain Forewept the morn. Churchill, The Duellist, i. 155. FOREWITHERED, withered away. Her body small, foreidther'd, and forespent, As is the stalk that summer's drought oppress'd. Sackville, Induction, st. 12. FORE-WORLD, the antediluvian world. It were as wise to bring from Ararat The fore-world's wood to build the magic pile. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. ix. FORFEITMENT, penalty. Then many a Lollard would in forfeitment Bear paper-faggots o'er the pavement. Hall, Sat., II. i. 17. FORGALDED, thoroughly galled. But sure that horse which tyreth like a roile, And lothes the grief e of \nsforgalded sides, Is better much than is the harbrainde colte. Gascoigne, Complaint of Philomene, p. 117. FORGETTABLE, obscure ; unremark- able. Of the numerous and now mostly forget- table cousinry we spe ify farther only the Mashams of Otes in Essex. Carlyle, Crom- well, i. 21. FORGIVINGNESS, placability. Sir Charles . . was always happy in making by his equanimity, generosity, and foryiving- ness, fast friends of inveterate enemies. Richardson, Grandison, vi. 115. FORTSFAMILIATION, the establishment of a son away from the father's house, with a certain sum, beyond which he is to expect nothing. R. has the verb, q. v. ; it is a legal term. My father could not be serious in the sentence of foris-familiation which he had so unhesitatingly pronounced. Scott, Rob Roy, i. 37. FORISTELL, breach of the forest laws (?) The inhabitants, as we read in King "William the Conqueror's booke, were . . . quitte and quiet from all custom e, beside for robbery, peace-breach, and Foristell. Holland's Camden, p. 350. FORKED. To fork out = to give money is a common slang phrase. See quotations.?;. CoTTON.but query whether this is the meaning in the first extract. Sooner the inside of thy hand shall grow Hisped and hairie, ere thy palm shall know A postern -bribe took, or a. fo?-ked-fee To fetter Justice, when she might be free. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 216. FORLORN ( a If I am willing to/orfc out & sum of money, he may be willing to give up his chance of Diplow. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xxviii. FORLORN, a forlorn hope. The squadron nearest to your eye Is his Forlorn of infantry. The Forlorn now halts for the van, The Bearguard draws up to the main. Cotton, Winter, 1689 (E,ig. Garner, i. 219). FORMABLE, shapely. In the second extract it = plastic. Thys profit is gott by trauelling, that what- soeuer he wryteth he may so expresse and order it, that hys narrative may be formable. Webbe, Enylish Poetrie, p. 90. The Papists . . . call that sacred writ a nose of wax, formable to any construction. Adams, ii. 338. FORMALISER, formalist; a man of routine. It was notorious that after this secretary retired the king's affairs went backwards; wheels within wheels took place ; the minis- ters turned formalisers, and the court mys- terious. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 144. FORMALITIES, special dress. In the subjoined quotations it is applied to academical, municipal, sacerdotal, and Quaker's garb ; also, as by Earle, to what would now be called the get up of an affected man. You find him in his slippers, and a pen in his eare, in which formality he was asleep. Earle, Microcosmoyraphie (Pretender to Learning). She took her leave of the University, . . . the Doctours attending her in their formali- ties as far as Shotover. Fuller, Ch. Hist., IX. i. 73. Egg - Saturday, Edward Bagshaw, M.A., and student of Ch. Ch., presented his bache- laurs ad determinandum, without having on him any formalities, whereas every deane besides had formalities on. Life of A. Wood, Feb. 12, 1658-9. Requiring . . . the several companies in the City to attend solemnly in their formali- ties as she went along. Heylin, Life of Laud, Bk. III. p. 241. The priests went before in their formali- ties. Aubrey, Misc., p. 218. Mrs. Lov. I hop'd to have been quiet, when once I had put on your odious for- mality here. Col. Then thou wearest it out of compul- sion, not choice, friend. Mrs. Lov. Thou art in the right of it, friend. Centlivre, Bold Stroke for a Wife, Act V. FORMER, a predecessor. 56 ) FORRELL "We must be content in common speech to use the terms of our formers devised. W. Patten, Erped. to Scotland, 1547 (Arber, Eng. Garner, iii. 59). FORMIC, pertaining to formicce or ants. In the extract the word is em- ployed generally. In ordinary use it only occurs in the phrase formic acid, a pungent acid supplied by, or similar to that supplied by, ants. When we are told to go to the ant and the bee, and consider their ways, it is not that we should borrow from them formic laws or apiarian policy. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xcvi. FORMIDABILITY, power of causing fear. A Mackintosh has been taken who reduces their formidahility by being sent to raise two clans, and with orders, if they would not rise, at least to give out they had risen, for that three clans would leave the Pretender unless joined by these two. Walpole to Mann, ii. 98 (1745). FORMOSITIE, beauty. The speaker is a pedantic schoolmaster. The thunder-thumping Jove transfused his dotes into your excellent, formositie. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 619. FORMULARY, formal. An English workman should have been called in to assist to have here mended the formulary part, which is grossly mistaken, and shows plainly the romance of a foreigner. North, Reflections on Le Clerc, p. 675. There is . .in the incorruptible Sea-green himself, though otherwise so lean and formu- lary, a heartfelt knowledge of this latter fact. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. III. ch. ii. FORNE, former. Gangameli is as much as to saye the Camel's hous ; whiche it is saied that a certain king in forne yeares, when he had on a dromedarie camele escaped the haudes of his enemies, builded there. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 210. FORNESSE, foreland. "Whiles I looked round . . . Fornesse the other part of this shire appeared in sight, which the sea hath after a sort violently rent apart from the rest. ... So much, that thereupon it tooke the name. For with us in our language, For-nesse and Foreland is all one with the Latine Promontorium anterius (that is, a Fore-promontory). Holland's Camden, p. 754. FORRELL, to bind. The cover of a book is still called in Devonshire the farrol (cf. Fr. fourreau). At present book-binders call an inferior kind of FOXS AND AGAJNSTS ( 257 ) FOUR-IN-HAND vellum forrel, probably because used in covering books. As for Jooephus his conceit, that the second edition of the temple by Zerobabel, as it was new forrelled and filletted with gold by Herod, was a statelier volume then the first of Solomon ; it is too weak a sur- mise to have a confutation fastned to it. Fuller, Holy State, Bk. III. ch. xxiv. FORS AND AGAINSTS, advantages and disadvantages. The Anglo-Latin pros and cons is more usual. I knew all about it at the time ; I was privy to all the fors and ayainsts. Miss Austen, Persuasion, ch. xxi. FOBSLIP, suffer to escape. Hee . . . shifted off and dallied with them still, untill they had forslipt the opportunitie of pursuing him. Holland's Camden, ii. 127. FORT, brave ; strong. In the second extract it perhaps = tipsy, fortified with liquor. O goodly man at arms, In fight a Paris, why should fame make thee fort 'gainst our arms, Being such a fugitive ? Chapman, Iliad, xvii. 112, But if he come home fort to bed, te ra la tal da ral de ra do, I will not strive to wrong his head, Tho' by the foretop he is led. Roxlurgh Ballads, ii. 422. FORTHDEAL, step in advance ; pro- gress. Udal says that to begin well is As good aforthdeale and auantage towards thende of the werke as if a good porcion of the same wer alredie finished. Erasmus, Apophth., p. 41, note. FORTH-FARE, passing-bell. Item, that from henceforth there be no knells or forth-fares rung for the death of any man. Hooper, Injunctions, 1551. FORTITUDINOUS, endowed with forti- tude. The term is used by Colonel Bath, of whom it is said (Bk. III. ch. viii.), "All his words are not to be found in a dictionary." He rose immediately, and having heartily embraced Booth, presented him to his friend, saying he had the honour to introduce to him as brave and as fortitudinous a man as any in the king's dominions. Fielding, Amelia, Bk. V. ch. vi. FORTUNE, to provide with a fortune ; to dower. I must go to him and to his as an obliged and half-fortuned person. Richardson, Cl. Harloice.'i. 299. He is to fortune her out to a young lover Ibid. ii. 163. FOSSICKING. H. gives this as a Warwickshire word = troublesome. In the extract it seems to mean persistent, and persistency is often troublesome. Is this word connected with Fussock, a provincial name for the ass ? They [the Chinese] are more suited by habit, characteristics, and physique to plod- ding, fossicking, persevering industry than for hard work. Eraser's Mag., Oct. 1878, p. 449. FOSTER, a fosterer or cherisher. He plays the serpent right, describ'd in Esop's tale, That sought the f aster's death, that lately gave him life. Greene, Looking Glass for London, p. 131. FOUNTAINEER, manager or director of a fountain. On one of these walks, within a square of tall trees, is a basilisc of copper, which, managed by the fountainere, casts water neere 60 feet high. . . . The fountaineere represented a showre of raine from the topp. Evelyn, Diary, Feb. 27, 1644. FOUNTAINLET, a little fountain. In the aforesaid Village there be two Fountainelets, which are not farre asunder. Fuller, Worthies, Huntingdon (i. 468). FOURB, to cheat ; also a swindler. It is a frequent word in North's Examen. I ask then how those who f curbed others become dupes to their own contrivances. Gentleman Instructed, p. 370. If a lawyer . . . has the foresight to lay in a provision for age and accidents, he must be dubb'd a cheat, and posted up for afourb and impostor. Hid. p. 525. The referring these fourbs to the secre- tary's office to be examined always frustrated their designs. North, Life of Lord Guil- ford, ii. 40. FOURBERY, cheat ; deception. See FURBERY. A child will scream out at its nurse under the disguise of a vizard, but take it off. and he turns the very object of fear into play and diversion ; you have unmask'd the fourbery, you have discover'd the imposture ; why have you less assurance than a child ? Gentleman Instructed, p. 373. FOUR-EARED, ass ; a double ass. I would I were the gallant Courtizan That euer put a four-ear 'd asse to schoole. Breton, I would and I -would not, st. 82. FOUR - IN - HAND, with four horses driven from the box. It is excessively pleasant to hear a couple of these four-in-hand gentlemen retail their exploits over a bottle. Irving, Salmagundi, No. iii. FOUR-LANE-END ( 258 ) FRANKIFY Thus off they went, and, four-in-hand, Dash'd briskly tow'rds the promis'd land. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour I. c. xx. FOUR-LANE-END, a place where four roads meet. He being also anathematized, was interred at & four-lane-end without the city. Archaol., viii. 203 (1787). FOUR-POSTER, a large bed with four posts to it. " Will you allow me to in-quire why you make up your bed under that 'ere deal table ? " said Sam. " 'Cause I was always used to a four-poster afore I came here, and I find the legs of the table answer just as well," replied the cobbler. Pickwick Papers, ch. xliv. Nobody mistook their pew for their four- poster during the sermon. Reade, Never too late to mend, ch. vii. FOURTEENTH NIGHT, fortnight. It was agreed that there shuld be a truce : .... yet so as it might be free for both sides, after fourteen daies waring given aforehand, to begin warre afresh The queen was highly offended .... that hee had agreed upon such a cessation as might every fourteenth night be broken. Holland's Camden, ii. 131. FOUR-WHEELER, a four-wheeled cab, as distinguished from a hansom. He, having sent on all their luggage by a respectable old four - wheeler, got into the hansom beside her. Black, Princess of Thule, ch. x. FOWAGE, hearth-money. See FEU- AGE. Bethink ye, Sirs, "What were thefowage and the subsidies When bread was but four mites that's now a groat? Taylor, Ph. van Art., Pt. I. ii. 6. Fox, to make tipsy, is plentifully illustrated by N. ; but he does not give the phrase flay the fox = be sick after drinking (escorcher le regnard) ; either, says Cotgrave, because in spewing one makes a noise like a fox that barks, or else (from the subject to the effect) because the flaying of so unsavoury a beast will make any one spew. See quotation a. v. COMB- FEAT. Which made all these good people there to lay up their gorges, and vomit what was upon their stomachs before all the world, as if they h&d flayed the fox. Urquhart's Rabe- lais, Bk. II. ch. xvi. Fox AND GEESE, a game played with pegs or draughtsmen. " Can you play at no kind of game, Master Harry? " " A little sAfox and geese, madam." H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 367. Fox WHELP, a liquor. See quotation more at length s. v. STIRE. Fox whelp, a beverage as much better than champagne as it is honester, wholesorner, and cheaper. Southey, The Doctor, Inter- chapter xvi. FOT, some sort of cheat or swindler. Though you be crossbites, foys, and nips, yet you are not good lifts. Greene, Theeves falling out, 1615 (Harl. Misc., viii. 389). FRAB, to harass ; scold. I was not kind to you ; I f robbed you and plagued you from the first, my lamb. Mrs. Gaskell, Ruth, ch. xxxvi. FRAGMENTARINESS, brokenness; want of continuity. This stupendous fragmentariness height- ened the dream-like strangeness of her bridal life. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. xx. FRAGROUS, fragrant, which is the reading in other copies. Oh doe not fall Fowle in these noble pastimes, least you call Discord in, and so divide The gentle bridegroome and the fragrous bride. Herrick, Appendix, p. 453. FRAME, to move (N. country). Frame upstairs, and make little din. Miss E. Bronte, Wutheriny Heights, ch. v. An oath, and a threat to set Throttler on me if I did not frame off, rewarded my per- severance. Ibid. ch. xiii. FRAME, a raft. Out, people, out vppon them, follow fast with fires and flames, Set sayles aloft, make out with oares, in ships, in boates, in frames. Phaer's &neid, Bk. iv. FRAME-HOUSE, a place in which things are framed or fashioned. Bradford uses the word again, pp. 54, 86. The cross . . is the frame-house in which God frameth His children like to His Son Christ. Bradford, ii. 78. FRANCISED, Frenchified. He was an Englishman Francised, who, going over into France a young man, spent the rest of his life there. Fuller, Worthies (Hertford), i. 435. FRANKIFY, to give a Frank dress to. Cf. FRENCHIFY. As for Frankifyiny their own names, the Greeks do it worse than we do. Lord Strang- ford, Letters and Papers, p. 150. FRANSICAL ( 259 ) FRENCH LEA VE FRANSICAL, frantic. A certain fransical maladie they call Love. Sidney, Wanstead Play, p. 619. FRANTIC, a madman. Fantastik frantiks that would innovate, And every moment change your form of state. Sylvester, The Captaines, 1194. So madly do these frantics spend their time and strengths by doing and undoing, tying hard knots and untying them. Adams, i. 275. [The hypocrite] is a frantic too, for he incurs the world's displeasure in making a shew of godliness, God's double displeasure in making but a shew. Ibid. i. 280. FKANTIC, to act like a madman. The Arctic needle that doth guide The wand'ring shade by his magnetic pow'r, And leaves his silken gnomon to decide The question of the controverted hour. First frantics up and down from side to side. Quarles, Emblems, v. 4. FRANZY, cross. I dare say ye warna franzy, for ye look as if ye'd ne'er been angered i' your life. G. Eliot, Adam ede, ch. x. FRAPPING, fretting ; chafing. Cf . Hor. p., I. i. 9. The horse ... is sometimes spurred on to battle so long till be draw his guts after him for frappi ng, and at last falls down, and bites the ground instead of grass. Kennefs Eras- mus, Praise of Folly, p. 53. FRATCH, a quarrel. I ha' never had no fratch afore sin ever I were born wi' any o' my like ; Gonnows I ha' none now that's o' my makin'. Dickens, Hard Times, ch. xx. FRAUDSMAN, cheat. You shall not easily discern between ... a tradesman and afraudsman. Adams, ii. 240. FRAY, a rubbing, so as to make bare or shabby : the verb is common. "Tis like a lawnie firmament, as yet Quite dispossest of either fray or fret. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 86. FREAKING, eccentric ; fantastic. Visited Sir J. Minnes, who continues ill, but he told me what a mad freaking fellow Sir Ellis Layton hath been, and is, and once at Antwerp was really mad. Pepys, Jan. 25, 1664-65. FREAM, to roar, or cry out. H. gives " Freaming, the noise made by the boar at rntting-time." C. FROAM. It is possible that Stanyhurst formed the word from the Latin fremere, and that in the extracts it means to rage. The person referred to in the first quotation is Laocoon in the folds of the serpent. Hee freams, and skrawling to the skye brays terribil hoyseth. Stanyhurst, JEn., ii. 234. Hudge fluds lowdlye f reaming from moun- tayns loftye be trowlling. Ibid., Jfcn., iv. 169. FRECHON, freckles. Wrinkles, pimples, redde streekes, f reck- ons, haires, warts, neves, inequalities. Bur- ton, Anatomy, p. 558. FRECKLY, freckled. Thus on tobacco does he hourly feed, And plumps his freckly cheeks with stinking weed. T. Brown, Works, i. 117. FREDERIZE, to take the part of the Emperor Frederick. But upon the Pope's . . . dispising the king's message (who, he said, began to Frederize), it was absolutely here ordayned, vnder great penalty, that no contribution of money should be given to the Pope by any subject of England. Daniel, Hist, of Eny., p. 138. FREE-BOOT, robbery. Julius Tutor, who robbed his fellow- theeves, for he pillaged the Cilicians, that lived themselves upon free boote. Stapylton, Juvenal, viii. 124, note. FREEDSTOOL, a stool or chair placed near the altar to which offenders fled for sanctuary. See H. The Freed- Stool of Beverley is described in Defoe 's Tour thro' G. Brit., iii. 189. Athelstan his son succeeded King Edward> being much devoted to St. John of Beverley, on whose church he bestowed a f reed-stool with large priviledges belonging thereunto. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. v. 9. FREMESCENT, raging. Cf. FREAM. Carlyle has the noun also,fremescence, in the fourth chapter of the same book, but this is given in Latham. Thuriot shows himself from some pin- nacle, to comfort the multitude becoming suspicious, fremescent. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. V. ch. vi. FRENCH LEAVE. A person who dis- appears without leave or notice, or who helps himself to something unasked, is said to take French leave. The expres- sion has been repeatedly canvassed in N. and Q., but nothing quite satisfac- tory arrived at. I felt myself extremely awkward about going away, not choosing, as it was my first visit, to take French leave, and hardly knowing how to lead the way alone among S 2 FRENETICALLY ( 260 ) FR1TILLAR Y so many strangers. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, ii. 199. You are going to quit me without warning French leave is that British conduct? Lytton, What will he do with it ? Bk. I. ch. x. FRENETICALLY, madly. All mobs are properly frenzies, and work frenetically with mad fits of hot and cold. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. II. ch. ii. FRENZIE, mad. That frenzie merchant that would make and strike up matches of hundreds and thousands with parties absent, as if they were present. Ward, Sermons, p. 54. All these sharpers have but & frenzy man's sleep. Ibid. p. 100. FREQUENTLY, populously. The place became frequently inhabited on every side : as approved both healthfull and delightfull. Sandys, Travels, p. 279. FRESH. Fresh as butter, or paint, a punning simile. There are the marks cut by the old fellows horse-hoofs, hatchets, initials, &c. as fresh as paint. C. Kingsley, 1864 (Life, ii. 177). Brewer says to his driver, " Now is your horse pretty fresh ? " . . . Driver says he's as fresh as butter. Dickens, Mutual Friend, Bk. II. ch. iii. FRESH, excited with wine (slang). Drinking was not among my vices. I could get "fresh," as we call it, when in good company and excited by wit and mirth ; but I never went to the length of being drunk. Jfarryat, Fr. Mildmay, ch. xiii. FRESHISH, rather fresh or new. If the mould should look a little freshish, it won't be so much suspected. Richardson, Pamela, i. 174. FRETTATION, annoyance ; discom- posure. I never knew how much in earnest and in sincerity she was my friend till she heard of my infinite frettation upon occasion of being pamphleted. Mad. D Arblay, Diary, i. 144. FRETTISHED, numbed. Some other trifles ... I durst not let come abroad in the chill criticall aire, lest hap they mought have been frettisht for want of learning's true cloathing. Optick Glasse of Humors, To the Reader (1639). FRETTY, with fret-work. But, Oxford, O I praise thy situation, Passing Pernassus, Muses' habitation ! Thy bough-deckt dainty walkes, with brooks beset, Fretty, like Christall knots, in mould of jet. Davies, Sonnet to Oxford Univ. FBIARY, the institution of friars ; it commonly means the house in which friars live. Cf. the same author's use of NUNNERY. When John Milverton his successour began (in favour of Friery) furiously to engage against bishops and the secular clergy, the Carmelites' good masters and dames began to forsake them. Fuller, Ch. Hist., vi. p. 272. FRIDAY- FACED, mortified ; melancholy- looking. Marry, out upon him ! what &.friday-fac'd slave it is! I think in my conscience his face never keeps holiday. Wily ec/uiled (Hawkins, Eng. Dr., iii. 356). FRIDGE, to fray or fret. L. has it as meaning to move quickly. There seem to have been two words ; one fridge from A. S. frican to dance ; the other frig, from Latin fricare, Italian fregare to rub. Fridge is still used in Lincolnshire : " he has fridged his clothes ; " " this collar fridges my neck." All pretended that their jerkins were made after this fashion ; you might have rumpled and crumpled, and doubled and creased, and fretted and fridged the outside of them all to pieces. Sterne, Tr. Shandy, ii. 116. FRIGGLING, wriggling ; rubbing to and fro. How was the head of the beast cut off at the first in this nation ? Is it harder for us to cut off ihefriyyling tail of that hydra of Rome ? Ward, Sermons, p. 173. FRIGOT, (?) Erasmus has been speak- ing of a contented cuckold. And indeed it is much better to be such a hen-pecked fnoot (sic errare), than always to be racked and tortured with the grating surmises of suspicion and jealousy, Ktn- net's Erasm., Praise of Folly, p. 28. FRIMBED, strange ; usually written fremd, q. v. in H. But of a stranger mutual help doth take : As perjur'd cowards in adversitie With sight of fear from friends to frimb'd do flic. Sidney, Arcadia, -p. 88. FRISKIN, a gay frisky person. Sir Q. I gave thee this chain, manly Tucca. Tuc. Ay, say'st thou so,friskin ? Dekker, Satiromastix (Hawkins Eng. Dr., iii. 138). FRITILLARY, a species of butterfly ; it also is the name of a plant. See quotation s. v. LADY'S SLIPPER : the name in both cases comes from the marking on the plant or insect being like those on the boards for chess, FRIVALL ( 261 ) FRUBBER backgammon, &c. (fritillus, a dice- box). The white admirals and silver-washed f ritillaries flit round every bramble-bed. C. Kinysley, Two Fears Ago, ch. xxiii. FRIVALL, shortened form of frivolous. Cf. SCURRIL, SCURRILOUS, FUTILE, FUTILOUS. 'Sfoote, hee's not ashamde besides to charge mee With a late promise ; I must yeeld indeed. I did (to shift him with some contentment) Make such &frivall promise. Chapman, All Fooles, II. i. FRIXE, frisky. Fain would she seem all frixe and frolic still. Hall, Sat. VI. i. 294. FRIZ, hair curled or roughed up ; usually a verb. Before the curls are well confin'd, The tails fall gracefully behind ; While a full wilderness of friz Became the lawyers cunning phiz. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour, II. c. 2. FRIZADO, to border irregularly. While on a day by a clear brook they trauell, Whose gurgling streams frizadoed on the gravell, He thus bespake. Sylvester, The Handy-Crafts, 591. FRIZURE, hair-dressing. His hair was of a dark brown, and though it had not received the fashionable frizure, it was grown thick enough to shade his face, and long enough to curl. Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. V. ch. vi. FRIZZY, rough. Mr. Lush's prominent eyes, fat though not clumsy figure, and strong black grey- besprinkled hair of frizzy thickness . . . created one of the strongest of her anti- pathies. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xi. FROAM, to growl, or grunt ; fream, q. v., is according to H. the proper verb to use of the noise made by a boar at rutting-time. The extract refers to a boar who had once been a man. He did in a manner grind his razers and tusks, and extreamly/roaOT at his own coun- trymen, taxing them of divers vices. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 113. FROG, part of a horse's foot. His hoofs black, solid, and shining ; his instep high, his quarters round, the heel broad, ike frog thin and small, the sole thin and concave. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxliii. FROG-CLOCK, frog-hopper (?) of the tribe Cicadiadce. The flood washing down worms, flies' frog-clocks, &c. Lauson, Comments on Secrets of Angling, 1653 (Eng. Garner, i. 196). FROGLING, little frog, tadpole. He does not fail the gnats of the air, the wormlings of the earth, nor the froglings of the water. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. I. Bk. III. ch. iv. FROLIC, a plaything or ornament. Cf . TOY. The name [Eimmon] signifieth a pome- granate, as one will have it, who thereupon concludes it to be Venus, because apples were dedicated unto her, and her image commonly made with such fruit as a frolick in her hand. Fuller, Pisyah Sight, IV. vii. 40. FROLICKY, merry, frolicking. There is nothing striking in any of these characters, yet may we, at a pinch, make a good frolicky half-day with them. Rich- ardson, Cl. Harlowe, v. 348. FRONDENT, leafy. See quotation *. v. PARASOL. Near before us is Versailles, New and Old ; with that broad, frondent Avenue de Versailles between, stately frondent, broad, three hundred feet as men reckon, with its four rows of elms. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. VII. ch. vi. FROST, to rough a horse's shoes in frosty weather by turning up the end. Smollett (France and Italy, Letter 38) speaks of his mules being frost-shod. Up before day to dress myself to go toward Erith, which I would do by land, it being a horrible cold frost to go by water ; so bor- rowed two horses of Mr. Howell and his friend, and with much ado set out, after my horses being frosted, which I know not what it means to this day. Pepys, Nov. 26, 1665. FROYTER, fratry or refectory of a monastery. H., s. v.f rater-house, says, that it is " spelt froyter in Bale's Kynge Johan, p. 27." Another instance is subjoined. Concern ynge the fare of their froyter I did tell the afore partly. Roy and arlow, Rede me and be nott wroth, p. 83. FRUBBER, a rubber. In the annexed quotation it is a term of reproach ad- dressed to a waiting-woman, whom the speaker suspects of aiding his sister- in-law in an intrigue. It is perhaps applied to an unprincipled attendant in the same way that a flatterer was some- times called a stroker or a claivback. FRUCTIFIABLE ( 262 ) FULIGINOSITY Well said, f rubber, was there no souldier here lately V Chapman, Widdow's Teares, v. ii. FRUCTIFIABLE, capable of bearing fruit. Say the fig-tree does not bear so soon as it is planted . . . but now it is grown fructi- Jiable. Adams, ii. 178. FRUCTUAL, fruitful. It is fructual ; let it be so in operation. It gives us the fruit of life ; let us return it the fruits of obedience. A dams, i. 362. FRUITEN, to make fruitful. Thou usest the influence of heaven to fruiten the earth. Bp. Hall, Works, ii. 606. FRDMPERY, reproach ; abuse. Tyndarus attempting too kiss a fayre lasse with a long nose Would needs bee finish, with bitter frumperye taunting. Stanyhurst, Conceites, p. 145. That which he doeth is only to conskite, spoil, and defile all, which is the cause where- fore he hath of men mocks, frumperies and bastonadoes. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xl. FRUMPISH, cross. Methought she looked very frumpish and jealous. Foote, The Author, Act II. FRUNDLE, two pecks. A frundle of lyme. Leverton Chwardens Accts. 1557 (Archasol. xli. 362). FRUSHE. " Friishe and leauings " is the rendering of one word in the origi- nal (reliquiae). H. gives frush as a N. country word for wood that is apt to break or splinter ; so it seems here to be used contemptuously for something rotten or refuse. The wandering Tro- jans are spoken of as Al the frushe and leauings of Greeke, of wrathful Achilles. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 39. FRUST, a section or portion, though in the subjoined it seems to adhere more closely to the meaning of the Latin, and to signify a crumb. There is a soft aera in every gentle mortal's life when such a story affords more pabulum than all the f rusts, and crusts, and rusts of antiquity, which travellers can cook up for it. Trist. Shandy, V. 150. FRUSTRE, to frustrate. Cf. ILLUSTRE. Haue these that yet doo craul Vpon all fowre, and cannot stand at all, Withstood your fury, and repulst your powrs, Frustred your rams, fiered your flying towrs ? Sylvester, The Decay, 1127. FRUZ-TOWER, a high frizzed head- dress. The father bought a powder-horn, and an almanac, and a comb-case ; the mother a great fruz-tower, and a fat amber necklace. Congreve, Old Bachelor, iv. 8. Fuc AGO, perhaps a misprint for farrago. He that would see more, it is his best course to confer with their council, and look over the large impertinencies of litigious courts, than to expect them in this piece, whose small bulk . . . when stuffed with their fucagoes of tautologies, would be swelled beyond its intended growth. The Unhappy Marksman, 1659 (Harl. Misc., iv. 4). FUDDLE, drink. Don't go away ; they have had their dose of fuddle (jam perpotarunt). Bailey's Eras- mus, p. 125. FUDDLE-CAP, a drunkard or boon companion. Having overnight carry'd my Indian friend to the Tavern. ... I introduc'd his pagan worship into a Christian society of true protestant fuddle-caps. T. Brown, Works, iii. 93. FUDGE IN, to thrust in. See H., who has it as a Suffolk word = to poke with a stick, and cites an instance of fudge up used metaphorically. Now let us see your supposes . . . That last suppose is fudged in, why would you cram these upon me for a couple? Foote, The Bankrupt, iii. 2. FUELLAGE. H. gives fuel as a Here- fordshire word for garden-stuff, and this seems to be the meaning of fuel- There is not an hearbe throughout the garden that taketh vp greater compasse with f milage than doth the beet. Holland, Pliny, FUGLE, to act as guide or director. See L., s. v. fugleman. He has scaffolding set up, has posts driven in ; wooden arms with elbow joints are jerk- ing and fugling in the air, in the most rapid mysterious manner. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. V. ch. vii. FULGUROUS, flashing like lightning. He heard him talk one day in nightgown and slippers for the space of two hours con- cerning earth, sea, and air, with a fulgurous impetuosity almost beyond human. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 194. FULIGINOSITY, smokiness ; the allu- sion in the quotation is to smouldering passions. In the old Marquis there dwells withal a crabbedness, stiff cross - grained humour, a FULKER ( 263 ) FUNERALS latent fury and fuliyinosity very perverting. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 79. FULKER, a pawn-broker. Cle, I lay thee my faith and honesty in pawn. Du. A pretty pawn; the fulkers will not lend you a farthing upon it. Gascoiyne, Supposes, ii. 3. FULL MOUTH, a mouth full of words ; a chatterer. "Whosoeuer, Samela, descanted of that loue, tolde you a Canterbury tale ; some propheticall full mouth that, as he were a Cobler's eldest sonne, would by the laste tell where another's shooe wrings. Greene, Menaphon, p. 54. FULL MOUTH, eagerly ; in full cry. She was coining full mouth upon me with her contract. Farquhar, The Inconstant, Act II. FULL MOUTHED, having the mouth full of food, and so festive. L. has the word in its more usual meaning of " loud-sounding." Cheer up, my soul, call home thy sp'rits, and bear One bad Good-Friday ; full-mouthed Easter's near. Quarles, Emblems, v. 7 (Epigram). FULL OUT, quite ; altogether. Sacrilege the Apostle ranks with idolatry, as being full out as evil, if not worse than it. Andrewes, ii. 351. FULMINANT, fulminating. 'Twas then the Devotee his journey trod In darkness and in terror, tow'rd his God, "While the drear Clergy, fulminant in ire, Flash 'd, through his bigot Midnight, threat- 'ning fire. Colman, Vagaries Vindicated, p. 194. FULSAMICK, fulsome ; disgusting. Oh filthy, Mr. Sneer! he's a nauseous figure, a most fulsamtck fop. Congreve, Double Dealer, iii. 10. FUMADO. See extracts. Cornish pilchards, otherwise called fu- mados, taken on the shore of Cornewall from July to November. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 165). They . . . invent new tricks as sawsages, anchoves, tobacco, caveare, pickled oysters, herrings, fumados, &c., innumerable salt meats to increase their appetite. Bui-ton, Anatomy, p. 74. Their [pilchards] numbers are incredible, imploying a power of poor people in polling (that is, beheading), gutting, splitting, pow- dering, and drying them, and then (by the name of Fumadoes) with oyle and a lemon, they are meat for the mightiest Don in Spain. Fuller, Worthies (Cornwall). FUME, to flatter. Thus by degrees self-cheated of their sound And sober judgement, that he is but man, They demi-deify and fume him so, That in due season he forgets it too. Cowper, Winter Morning Walk, 266. FUME, the incense of praise. Pardon, great prelate, sith I thus presume To sence perfection with imperfect fume. Davies, To worthy persons, p. 52. How would our Democritus have been affected to see a wicked caitiffe or foole, a very idiot, a funge, a golden asse, a monster of men to have many good men ... to smo- ther him with fumes and eulogies . . . because he is rich. Burton, Democ. to Reader, p. 34. FUME, a passionate person ; one apt to get in a fume. The notary's wife was a little fume of a woman, and the notary thought it well to avoid a hurricane by a mild reply. Stei'ne, Sent. Journey, The Fragment. FUMIFY, to impregnate with smoke. "We had every one ramm'd a full charge of sot-weed into our infernal guns, in order to fumify our immortalities. T. Brown, Works, ii. 190. FUMITORY, smoking-room. You . . . sot away your time in Mongo's fumitory among a parcel of old smoak-dry'd cadators. T. Brown, Works, ii. 179. FUND. The first three quotations offer examples of two Gallicisms in the use of this word. In the fund = at bottom (aufond) ; on his own fund = on his own account (sur son propre fond). In the fourth extract the sense resembles that in the first, and = main body or aggregate. I know madam does fret you a little now and then, that's true ; but in the fund she is the softest, sweetest, gentlest lady breathing. Vanbrugh, Confederacy, Act IV. The translating most of the French letters gave me as much trouble as if I had written them out of my own fund. T. Brown, Works, i. 171. Your brother Gal. is extremely a favourite with me ; I took to him for his resemblance to you, but am grown to love him upon his ownfund. Walpole to Mann, ii. 260 (1748). [The people] are as a perpetual fountain, from whence the three estates arise ; or rather as a sea of waters, in which three exalted waves should claim pre-eminence, which yet shall not be able to depart from their fund, but in relation are dissoluble and resolvable therein. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 38. FUNERALS, funeral sermon. In the third extract the word is in the singular FUNGOID ( 264 ) FUSS "We are almost at the end of books ; these paper-works are now preaching their own funerals. Goad, Preface to Dell's Works. In the absence of Dr. Humfreys designed for that service, Mr. Giles Laurence preached his funerals. Fuller, CA. Hist., IX. iii. 2. I could learn little from the minister which preached \nsfuneral. Jbid., Worthies, Here- ford (i. 454). FUNGOID, fungus-like. " The seed of immortality has sprouted within me." " Only & fungoid growth I dare say a crowing disease in the lungs," said Deronda. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, eh. xxx vii. FUNK, fright. If they find no brandy to get drunk Their souls are in a miserable funk. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 59. Nothing sobers a man so completely as funk. Inyoldsby Legends (Baymarfs Dog). FUNKY, frightened. Dickens calls the nervous junior counsel for the defendant in Bardell v. Pickwick, Mr. Phunky. See also quotation s. v. MON- KEY. I do feel somewhat funky. Naylor, Rey- nard the Fox, 46. FUNNY BONE, that part of the elbow over which the ulnar nerve passes ; any blow on this gives a person a sort of electric shock ; hence the name. They smack and they thwack, Till your funny bones crack, As if you were stretched on the rack. Ingoldshy Legends (Bloudie Jacke). His arm was not broken ; he had merely received a blow on that part which anatom- ists call the funny-bone ; a severe blow which sent the pistol spinning into the air, and caused the gentleman to scream with pain. Thackeray, Shabby Genteel Story, ch. ix. FURBERY, cheat. Cf. FOURBERY. In the perambulation of Italy young tra- vellers must be cautious, among diuers others to avoyd one kind offurberyor cheat where- unto many are subject. Howell, Instructions for Forraine Travail. FURIBUND, raging ; furious. The brawny, not yet furibund figure, we say, is Jacques Danton. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. IV. ch. iv. Poor Louison Chabray . . . has a garter round her neck, and furibund Amazons at each end. Jbid. Pt. I. Bk. VII. ch. vii. FURICANO, a jocular corruption of hurricnno. They were altogether in a plumpe on Christmasse eve was two yere, when the groat flood was, and there stird up such ter- nados and furicanos of tempests. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 164). FURIOSO, a violent impetuous man. A violent man and a furioso was deaf to all this. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 218. You would have thought this one-and- twenty came in a direct line from Hercules, he played the Furioso so lively. Gentleman Instructed, p. 19. FURNISH, equipage ; provision. L. has the noun = sample, with extract from Greene's Groatsworth of Wit. Hee sends him a whole Furnish of all vessels for his chamber of cleane gold. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 169. FURNISHMENT, supply. Spenser (F. Q., IV. iii. 38) has furniment = furni- ture. In the second extract Hacket has been speaking of many qualifications for the post of Speaker possessed by Sir T. Crew. No other thing was thought or talked on, but onely preparations and furnishments for this businesse. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 93. Yet with all this furnishment, out of a custom which modesty had observ'd, Sir Thomas deprecated the burthen. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 176. FURR, far. As Venus Bird, the white, swift, lovely Dove, Doth on her wings her utmost swiftness prove, Finding the gripe of Falcon fierce not/wrr. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 90. FURT, theft. Break not the sacred league By raising civil theft ; turn not your furt 'Gainst your own bowels. Albumazar, V. i. FURTHERSOME, advantageous. In enterprises of pith a touch of stratagem often proves furthersome. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. lit ch. vi. FUSE, the track of a buck in the grass. There wants a scholar like an hound of a sure nose, that would not miss a true scent, nor run upon a false one, to trace those old Bishops in their fuse. Hacket, Life of Wil- liams, i. 14. FUSILLADE, to shoot with guns or fusils. Military execution on the instant : give them shriving if they want it : that done, fusillade them all. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, 'Pt. I. ch. xiii. Fuss, a term of reproach. Diana is the fuss spoken of. FUSTY ( 265 ) GAD-FL Y But that great ramping Fuss, thy Daughter, A Mankiud-Trull iuur'd to slaughter, To the soft sex's foul disgrace, Kambles about from place to place. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 233. FUSTY, moping. At noon home to dinner, where my wife still in a melancholy, fusty humour, and cry- ing, and do not tell me plainly what it is. Pepys, June 18, 1638. FUTILITARIAN, one who pursues what is worthless ; a skit on utilitarians. See quotation s. v. GIGMANITY, where the word is an adjective. Cf. CBAZYOLO- GIST, FOOLOSOPHER. As for tbe whole race of Political Econo- mists, our Malthusites, Benthamites, Utili- tarians, or Futilitarians, they are to the Government of this country such counsellors as the magicians were to Pharaoh. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xxxv. FUTIUZE, to make futile ; to fritter away. Her whole soul and essence \nfutilized and extracted into show and superncials. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 218. FUTURABLE. See quotation. "What the issue of this conference con- cluded would have been, is only known to Him who knew what the men of Keilah would doe, and whose prescience extends not only to things future, but futurahle, having the certain cognizance of contingents which might, yet never actually shall, come to passe. Fuller, Ch. Hist., XI. iii. 51. FUZD, fuddled ; probably an abbrevi- ation of fuzzled. The University troop dined with the E. of Ab. at Eicot, and came home well fuzd. Life of A. Wood, July 14, 1685. GAB. Gift of the gab = power of talking. I always knew you had the gift of the gab of course, but I never believed you were half the man you are. Dickens, Martin Chuzzle- viit, ch. xxvii. GABBLEMENT, chattering. They rush to the attack thousands strong, with brandished cutlasses and fusils, with caperings, shoutings, and vociferation, which, if the Volunteer Company stands firm, dwin- dle into staggeriugs, into quick gabblement, into panic flight at the first volley, perhaps before it.Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. V. ch. iv. GABELLEMAN, a tax-collector. He flung gabellemen and excisemen into the river Durance (though otherwise a most dignified, methodic man) when their claims were not clear. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 76. GABERT, "a kind of lighter used in the river Clyde, probably from the French gabare" (Note by Scott on second extract.) The first quotation is from the Buckinghamshire Herald, June 1, 1793, and is cited by Cowper in a note to his poem, The Birds Nest. Glasgow, May 23. In a block or pulley near the head of the mast of a yabert, now lying at the Broomielaw, there is a chaffinch's nest and four eggs. I swung and bobbit yonder as safe as a gabbart that's moored by a three-plie cable at the Broomielaw. Scott, Rob Roy, ii. 219. GABY, a fool. Now don't stand laughing there like a great gaby, but come and shake hands. H. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. ix. GAD. Shakespeare (Lear, I. ii.) has "upon the gad" = upon the sudden. In the extract it means restless, going about. I have no very good opinion of Mrs. Charles's nursery - maid. I hear strange stories of her ; she is always upon the gad. Miss Austen, Persuasion, ch. vi. GADABOUT, a rambler; also as an adjective. Mr. Binnie woke up briskly when the Colonel entered. " It is you, you gadabout, is it?" cried the civilian. Thackeray, New- comes, ch. viii. "Why should I after all abuse the gadabout propensities of my countrymen? Hughes, Tom Brown's School-Days, ch. i. GADBEE, gadfly. You see an ass with a brizze or a gadbee under his tail, or fly that stings him, run hither and thither without keeping any path or way. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xliv. GAD-FLY, one who is constantly going about ; a seeker after gaiety. Your Harriet may turn gad-fly, and never be easy but when she is forming parties. Richardson, Grandison, i. 135. You have a few good qualities ; are not a GAG ( 266 ) GALL1WASP modern woman ; have neither wings to your shoulders, nor gad-fly in your cap. Ibid. v. 83. GAG. In theatrical slang an actor is said to gag when he says more than is set down for him in his part. Little Swills in what are professionally known as " patter " allusions to the subject is received with loud applause ; and the same vocalist " gays" in the regular business like a man inspired. Dickens, Bleak House, ch. xxx ix. GAG, usually applied to that which keeps the mouth open : here to the eye. The eyelid is set open with the gags of lust and envy. Adams, i. 73. GAGE, cant term for a quart pot. See H. I bowse no lage, but a whole gage Of this I bowse to you. Broome, Jovial Crew, Act II. GAINISH, volatile (?). Gain = quick : usually in a good sense. This orator is not like others of his rank, "Who from their gainish and fantastick humours Go through the streets, spotted with pea- cocks' plumes, "Wearing all colours, laces, broideries. Machin, Dumb Knight, Act V. GAINSAY, contradiction. He . . was the umpire in all disputes, setting his hat on one side, and giving his decisions with an air and tone admitting of no gainsay or appeal. Irving, Sketch Book (Sleepy Hollow). GAINSOME, well-favoured or fascinat- ing ; opposite of ungainly. Thou whom oft I have seen To personate a gentleman, noble, wise, Faithful, and gainsome, and what virtues else The poet pleases to adorn you with. JUassinger, Roman Actor, iv. 2. GALACTITE, a fossil substance which, when immersed in water, makes it the colour of milk. And as base morter serveth to unite Red, white, gray marble, jasper, galactite : So, to connex my queint discourse, sometimes I mix loose, limping, and ill-polisht rimes. Sylvester, The Magnificence, 51. GALENITE, a physician, or disciple of Galen. Not much unlike a skilfull Galenite, Who (when the crisis comes) dares even fortell Whether the patient shall do ill or well. Sylvester, The Trophies, 793. GALIMATIAS. L. defines this "non- sense, talk without meaning;" and such is the signification of the word in French, but it is sometimes used for mixture or hodge-podge, as in the sub- joined. Lady Mary Wortley is arrived. . . . Her dress, like her languages, is a galimatias of several countries ; the groundwork rags, and the embroidery nastiness. Walpole, Letters, ii. 332 (1762). GALLEGALAGHES, GALLOGLAGHES, Gallowglasses (q. v. in N.), heavy- armed Irish foot-soldiers. Item, on the second day before the Ides of November, the Lord Richard Clare slew flue hundred of Gallegalaqhes. Holland's Camden, ii. 167. Also in the same yeere Fennynghir O'Coughir slew Cale-Rotte, and with him of Galloglaghes and others about three hundred. Ibid. p. 172. GALLERIAN, galley slave (Fr. gale- rieri). The prerogative of a private centinel above a slave lies only in the name, and the ad- vantage, if any, stands for the yallerian. Gentleman Instructed, p. 183. GALLICISED. Frenchified, which latter is an old word, and is used by Beau- mont and Fletcher. Being, since my travels, very much gal- licised in my character, I ordered a pint of claret. Sydney Smith, Letters, 1835. GALLIPOT, a contemptuous name for an apothecary. Cf . CLYSTERPIPE. " One may ask one's medical man to one's table certainly ; but his family, my dear Mr. Snob ! " " Half a dozen little gallipots," inter- posed Miss Wirt, the governess. Thackeray, Book of Snobs, ch. xxvii. " It's "Vidler the apothecary ! By heavens, Lady Ann, I told you it would be so. Why didn't you ask the Miss Vidlers to your ball ?"...." Barnes scratched their names," cried Ethel, " out of the list, mamma. You know you did, Barnes ; you said you had gallipots enough." Ibid., Neiccomes, ch. xiv. GALLIVANT, to roam about pleasure- seeking. You were out all day yesterday, and galli- vanting somewhere, I know. Dickens, Nich. Nickleby, ch. Ixiv. While we find God's signet Fresh on English ground, Why go gallivanting With the nations round ? C. Kingsley (Life, ii. 24). GALLIWASP, Celestus occidmis, a poisonous reptile of the W. Indies. Then all, sitting on the sandy turf, defiant of galliwatjis and jack-span iards, and all the GALLOWS ( 267 ) GAME weapons of the insect host, partook of the equal banquet. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. xvii. GALLOWS, braces. H. has gallaces as a Yorkshire word. The Reverend John Bowie, Vicar of Id- miston, "Wiltshire, was a thick-set man in gar- ments which, though originally black, had been tanned by many a summer's sun into a russet brown ; his underclothes were unsup- ported by those indispensable articles of decent attire denominated gallows, and his wig was a counterpart of Dr. Parr's. Warner's Literary Recollections, i. 100. GALLOWS, very. The pleece come in, and got gallers well kicked about the head. H. Kinysley, Ravens- hoe, ch. xli. GALLOWS-BIRD, a criminal ; one who has suffered on the gallows, or deserves to do so. It is ill to check sleep or sweat in a sick man, said he ; I know that far, though I ns'er minced ape nor gallows-bird. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxviii. GALLOWS - FACED, rascally - looking. So Goldsmith (Good-natured Man, Act V.), " Hold him fast, he has the gallows in his face." Cf. gallows-looking in extract from Ingoldsby Legends, s. v. CARPET-SWAB. Irving in the Sketch Book describes Rip van Winkle's dog as sneaking about " with a gallows air," i. e. a hang-dog air. Art thou there, thou rogue, thou hang- dog, thou gallows-faced vagabond ? H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 16. GALLOWSNESS, badness. Spinning indeed ! It isn't spinning as you'd be at, I'll be bound, and let you have your own way ; I never knew your equals for gallowsness. G. Eliot, Adam Bede, ch. vi. GALLOWS-RIPE, ready for hanging. Jourdan himself remains unhanged ; gets loose again as one not yet gallows-ripe. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. V. ch. iii. GALLOWS-STRINGS, a term of reproach. Cf. CRACK-ROPE, HANG-STRING. Ay, hang him, little Gallows-strings, He does a thousand of these things. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 214. GALLY, to frighten or bewilder. See N. s. v. gallow. The next day being Sunday, call'd by the natives of this country [Devonshire] Maze- Sunday (and indeed not without some rea- son, for the people looked as if they were gallied), I was wak'd by the tremendous sound of a horse-trumpet. T. Brown, Works,iii.205. GALOONED, trimmed with galoon lace. Those enormous habiliments . . were not only slashed and galooned, but artificially swollen-out on the broader parts of the body by introduction of bran. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. I. ch. vii. GALOPIN, a street boy. Scott has not marked the word as a foreign one, (i. e. it is not in italics), though it is of course French. " He gave me half-a-crown yince, and for- bade me to play it awa' at pitch and toss." " And you disobeyed him, of course ? " " Na, I didna disobeyed him : I played it awa' at neevie-neevie-nick-nack." " "Well, there is sixpence for thee ; lose it to the devil in any way thou think'st proper." So saying he gave the little ualopin his donation. Scott, St. Ronan's Well, ii. 197. GALRAVERGING, wandering about ; gallivanting. The elderly women . . . had their plays in out-houses and by-places, just as the witches lang syne had their sinful possets and galra- vitchings. Gait, Annals of Parish, ch. ii. She thinks as because she's gone yalra- verging, I maun ha' missed her, and be ailing. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. vi. GALY HALFPENNY. Venetian mer- chants who traded to England in their gallies brought their own money, called galley-halfpence, to trade with, to the injury of our countrymen. They were repeatedly forbidden by our sove- reigns, Hen. IV., V., VI., and VIII. ; and the holders of them were required to send them to the Tower, to be changed into English money. See N. and Q., IV. ii. 344, 501, whence the first quot- ation is taken. 1521-22. Resaved for ij vnces of galy- halfepenys sold this yere vi iiij d . Church- wardens' Account-Book. He himself hath thousands lying by him in store unoccupied, and will neither help his poor neighbour, nor scarcely give a galy halfpenny to a needy creature in extreme necessity. Barlow's Dialoge, 1553 (Matt- land's Ref., p. 307). GAMBALOCKE. The word is explained in the margin as " a kind of riding gowne." Clothed he [an Arab sheik] was in a Gambalocke of scarlet ; buttened vnder the chin with a bosse of gold. Sandys, Travels, p. 153. GAME, of good courage ; game for = up to, ready for. Hold up your head, and show 'em your face ; I an't jealous, but I'm blessed if I an't game. Sketches by Boz (Prisoners' Van). GAME ( '68) GANNYNG If you dcm't stop your jaw about him, you'll have to fight me ; and that's a little more than you're game for, I'm thinking. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xrvi. GAME, lame or crooked : a corruption of cam or Team. It was converted into an inn, and marked by a huge sign representing on the one side St. Ronan catching hold of the devil's game leg with his episcopal crook, as the story may be read in his veracious legend, and on the other the Mowbray Arms. Scott, St. Jionan's Well, i. 11. The chair, which Bacon was requested to take on entering, broke down with the pub- lisher. Warrington burst out laughing, said that Bacon had got the game chair, and bawled out to Pen to fetch a sound one from his bedroom. Thackeray, Pendennis, ch. xli. GAMEFULL, adj. = full of game. Thy long discourse Of game/till parks, of meadowes fresh, ay- spring-like pleasant fields. Holland's Camden, p. 290. GAMENESS, pluck ; spirit. Whatever else you might think of Blake, there was no doubt about his gameness. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xxiv. GAMESTER. See extract. The Vale referred to is the Vale of White Horse. I must tell you, as shortly as I can, how the noble old game of back-sword is played ; for it is sadly gone out of late, even in the Vale, and may be you have never seen it. The weapon is a good stout ash-stick with a large basket-handle, heavier and somewhat shorter than a common single-stick. The players are called " old gamesters " why, I can't tell you and their object is simply to break one another's heads : for the moment that blood runs an inch anywhere above the eyebrow, the old gamester to whom it belongs is beaten, and has to stop. Hughes, Tom Brown's School-Days, ch. ii. GAMESTRESS, female gambler. To two characters, hitherto thought the most contradictory, the sentimental and the flirting, she writes yet a third, till now be- lieved incompatible with the pleasures and pursuits of either ; this, I need not tell you, is that of &gamestress. Mad. IFArblay, Camilla, Bk. X. ch. v. GAMEY, brave (slang). " You'll be shot, I see," observed Mercy. " Well," cried Mr. Bailey, " wot if lam ; there's something gamey in it, young ladies, ain't there?" Dickens, Martin Chuzzleicit, ch. xi. GAMMON, to wheedle with flattery ; to deceive ; also as a substantive. So then they pours him out a glass of wine, and gammons him about his driving, and gets him into a reg'lar good humour. Dickens, Pickwick Papers, ch. xiii. Lord bless their little hearts, they thinks it's all right, and don't know no better, but they're the wictims o' gammon, Samivel, they're the wictims o' gammon. Ibid. ch. xxvii. In short the Pedler so beset her, Lord Bacon couldn't have gammoned her better. Hood, Tale of a Trumpet. GAMMER, a gambler. Thoughe these verses be very ernestlie wrytten, yet they do not halfe .so grisely sette out the horyblenes of blasphemy which suche gamners vse, as it is indede, and as I have hearde my self. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 56. GAMNING, gambling. When the nyghte and lurking corners giueth lesse occasion to vnthriftinesse than lyghte daye and opennes, then shal shotynge and such gamninge be in summe comparison lyke. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 53. Finding his conscience deepelye gauld with thee owtragious oathes hee vsed too thunder owt in gamening, hee made a few verses as yt were his cygnea oratio. Stany- hurst, Epitaphes, p. 153. GAN, cant term for a mouth. This bowse is better than rom-bowse, It sets the gan a giggling. Broome, A Jovial Crew, Act II. GANDER, to ramble, gad. Then she had remembered the message about any one calling being shown up to the drawing-room, and had gandered down to the hall to give it to the porter; after which she gandered upstairs to the dressing- room again. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. xlvii. Who knows but what Nell might come gandering back in one of her tantrums and spoil everything? /fo'd., Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. x. GANDERS' WOOL, feathers. Cf. FEATHER-HEADED. Such braiues belined with gander' s-icooll. Breton, PasquiFs Foot 1 s-cappe, p. 23. GANGER, foreman of a gang of navvies. On Saturday evening a man named Charles Frost, a ganger in the employ of the Midland Railway Company, was run over, about half a mile from the Matlock Bridge Station, by a special fish train from Manchester. Leeds Mercury, May 8th, 1871. GANNYNG, giving ? Augustus . . after gannyng hym thanks, commaunded a thousaude pieces of money to be geuen him in reward. VdaPs Eras- mus's Apophth., p. 277. GAOL-BIRD GARGANET GAOL-BIRD, a criminal. L. lias jail- bird, but with quotation from no earlier source than T. Moore. Jail-bird occurs in Davies's Sonnet to Lady Rich, and is used adjectivally, lt a, jail-bird henuenly nightingale." It is the piety and the true valour of an army, which gives them heart and victory ; which how it can be expected out of ruffians and gaol-birds, I leave to your consideration. Hist, of Edward II., p. 146. The poor innocent man had been in danger of being hanged for a traitor to King James, by the perjury of these two gaol-birds. Sprat, Relation of Young's Contrivance, 1692 (Harl. Misc., vi. 254). A battle shall be more successfully fought by serving men, posters, bailiffs, padders, rogues, jail-birds, and such like tag-rags of mankind than by the most accomplished philosophers. Rennet's Erasmus, Praise of Folly, p. 31. GAOLERESS, female gaoler. My saucy gaoleress assured me that all my oppositions would not signify that pinch of snuff. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, ii. 72. GAPES. The gapes = a fit of yawn- ing. Another hour of music was to give delight or the gapes, as real or affected taste for it prevailed. Miss Austen, Persuasion, ch. xx. GAPING STOCK, object of open-mouthed wonder. I was to be a gaping stock and a scorn to the young volunteers. Godwin, Mandeville, ii. 40. GAPPED, a slang term for getting the worst of it. The second quotation where the word = jagged, illustrates the first. In the third extract it refers to the thinning of the ranks of troops under fire. I will never meet at hard-edge with her ; if I did (and yet I have been thought to carry a good one) I should be confoundedly gapped, I can see that (alluding to two knives, I suppose, gapping each other). Richardson, Grandison, i. 120. My uncle Toby knew little of the world ; and therefore when he felt he was in love with widow Wadman, he had no conception that the thing was any more to be made a mystery of than if Mrs. Wadman had given him a cut with a gap'd knife. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, vi. 65 Heady ! take aim at their leader their masses are gapp'd with our grape. Tennyson, Defence of Lucknow. GARB, to clothe. These black dog-Dons Garb themselves bravely. Tennyson, Queen Mary, III. i. GARBAGE, to gut, or clean (fish, &c.). His cooke founde the same ring in the bealy of a fyshe which he garbaiged to dresse for his Lordes diner. Udal's Eras- mus's Apophth., p. 182. The cob had maunged the gobets foule garbaged haulfe quick. Stanyhurst, jEn., iii. 639. Pilchards ... are then taken, garbaged, salted, hanged in the smoake. Holland's Camden, p. 180. GARCION. See quotation and extract s. v. GROMET. It seemeth some of these Anti-Boreals were men of Gentile extraction, especially the two first (styled in the pardon Masters), importing, I believe, more than the bare universitie title ; as also Bartholomew de Walton and William his brother, because waited on by William de Merton, their gar- don, that is, their servant. For it cometh from the French Gargon,or the Italian, Gar- zone, and is used even by the barbarous Grecians of the middle ages, yap^ovviov irapa ACCTM/OIS TO vuioiov. Fuller, Camb. Univ., i. 48. GARDENAGE, horticulture, also garden- stuff. R. gives this word s. v. garden, and quotes another passage from Hol- land's Pliny, in which it occurs, but by a misprint gardeninge is given in the extract. Since they be grown into so great request, I must not ouer-passe the gardinage to them belonging. Holland, Pliny, xix. 8. He [Evelyn] read to me very much also of his discourse he hath been many years and now is about, about Gardenage, which will be a most noble and pleasant piece. Pepys, Nov. 5, 1665. The street was also appropriated to the sale of fish and gardenage. Man, Hist, of Reading (1816), p. 147. GARDEN-GOUT. See extract. Garden- houses had a bad reputation, and in Peele's Jests garden-whore = a very common prostitute. When young men by whoring, as it com- monly falls out, get the pox, which, by way of extenuation, they call the common garden- gout (JYeapolitanam scabiem) ... do they not epicurize gloriously ? Bailey's Erasmus, p. 405. GARDENHOOD, the idea or aspect of a garden. Except some thousand more lamps and a covered passage all round the garden which took off from the gardenhood, there was nothing better than on a common night. Walpole, Letters, iii. 279 (1769). GARGANET, jewelled collar; usually written carcanet. GARGARISM ( Thee Pearle and gould crowns too bring with yaryanet heauye. Stanyhurst, ^Eu., i. 639. GARGARISM, a gargle. In the extract (which see more at length s. v. BUR) it is used figuratively for something that sticks in the throat. They . . . cracked their voices for ever with metaphysical yaryarisms. Milton, Reason of Ch. Government, Conclusion. GARGET, a swelling in the throat (Fr. gargate, the windpipe) ; yet this does not seem to be the meaning in the two last extracts. The drunkard is without a head, the swearer hath a garget in bis throat. Adams, i. 123. If it were granted that the covetous were mad, the world itself would run of a garget; for who is not bitten with this mad dog ? Ibid. i. 280. The proud man is bitten of the mad dog, the flatterer, and so runs on a garget. Ibid. i. 486. GARLANDRY, filleting. The lavished yarlandry of woven brown hair amazed me. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. xiv. GARNISH- MONEY, commission for trouble taken ; garnish usually = prisoner's fees. You are content with the ten thousand pound, Def alking the four hundred garnish-money ? Jonson, Magnetic Lady, v. 6. GARSTUN. See extract. A small paddock or garstun, called from a former owner of the land, Purbrick's Close. Arch., xxxvii. 140 (1857). GARTH, a small enclosure. Few people are here buried in their kirks, except of their nobility, but in the \Avk-garths. Modern Account of Scotland, 1670 (Harl. Misc., vi. 138). The Cross made in the infant's forehead, (All godly Protestants abhor it), Is Superstition, so are Crosses In JLvck-Garths, and in market-places. Ward, England's Reformation, ch. iii. p. 260. Then calling down a blessing on his head, Caught at his hand, and wrung it passion- ately, And passed into the little garth beyond. Tennyson, Enoch Arden. GASELIER, a pendent lamp lighted by gas. As we both entered the drawing-room, we found Bell standing right under the central gaselier, which was pouring its rays down on her wealth of golden-brown hair. Black, Adventures of a Phaeton, ch. iii. 3 ) GAUDY GASHLY, ghastly ; now a vulgarism. Their warm and wanton embraces of living bodies ill agreed with their offerings Diis manibus to yashly ghosts. Fuller, Pisgah Sight, IV. vii. 27. By all that is hirsute and yashly! I cry, taking off my furr'd cap, and twisting it round my finger, I would not give sixpence for a dozen such. Tr. Shandy, v. 215. GASSAMPINE, cotton cloth (?) ; gos- sampine (Cotgrave) and gossampino (Florio) = the cotton plant. And on his altar's fume these Turkey cloths, This gassampine and gold I'll sacrifice. Greene, Looking Glass for London,p. 135. GASTFULNESS, ghastliness. ... A solitarie darkness : which as natur- ally it breeds a kinde of irksome gastfulness, so it was to him a most present terror. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 405. GASTROLATER, one whose god is his belly. Pantagruel observed two sorts of trouble- some and too officious apparitors, whom he very much detested. The first were called Engastrimythes, the others Gastrolaters. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. Iviii. GASTROLATROUS, belly- worshipping. The variety we perceived in the dresses of the yastrolatrous coquillons was not less. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. IV. ch. Iviii. GATE, to confine to college, i. e. within the gates : a penalty sometimes inflict- ed at the Universities. The dean gave him a book of Virgil to write out, and gated him for a fortnight after hall. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xii. GATE, to go. H. says, " the track of an animal was called his gate." Three stags sturdye were vnder Neere the seacost gating, theym slot thee clusterus heerdflock In greene frith browsing. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 190. GATELESS, without a gate or approach ; inaccessible. Some say that gold hath power To enter without force a gateless tower. Machin, Dumb Knight, V. i. GATETRIP, footstep ; mode of walk- ing. Too moothers counsayl thee fyrye Cnpido doth harcken, Of puts he his feathers, fauoring with gate- trip lulus. Stanyhurst, jEn., i. 675. GAUDY, gaiet}'. Balls set off with all the glittering gaudy GAUM ( 271 ) GEESE of silk and silver are far more transporting than country wakes. Gentleman Instructed, p. 553. GAUM, sensible. She were a poor friendless wench, a parish prentice, but honest and gaum-\ike, till a lad as nobody knowed come o'er the hills one sheep-shearing fra' "Whitehaven. Mrs. Gas- kell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xv. GAUM, to paw about. Don't be mauming and gauming & body so. Can't you keep your filthy hands to your- self ? Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). GAUMLESS, vacant ; half silly : a North country word. Gaum (connect- ed with GUMPTION, q. v.) = to under- stand. A. S. gyman, to perceive. See Robinson's Whitby Glossary (E. D. S.). Did I ever look so stupid : so " gaumless " as Joseph calls it? E. Bronte, Wutheriny Heights, ch. xxi. GAUNCH, impalement on a hook ; a Turkish punishment : the verb is in the Diets. I swear by our prophet and the God of our prophet, that I would rather suffer the gaunch than put the smallest constraint on your person or inclinations. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 289. GAUNT, to make lean. Lyke rauening woolfdams vpsoackt and yaunted in hunter. Stanyhurst, JEn.* ii. 366. GAUPUS, a gaby. H. has " gaups, a simpleton. South." The great yaupus never seed that I were pipeclaying the same places twice over. Mrs. Gaskell, Ruth, ch. xvi. GAUR, a large animal of the ox species. The Major ^has stuck many a pig, shot many a yaur, rhinoceros, and elephant. C. Kinysley, Tico Years Ago, ch. xviii. GAWISH. H. gives, " Gawish, gay : it occurs in Wright's Display of Dutie, 4to, Lond., 1589 ; " but in the subjoined it seems = foolish. A gawish traveller that came to Sparta . . . standing in the presence of Lacon a long time upon one leg, that he might be observed and admired, cried at the last, " O Lacon, thou canst not stand so long upon one leg." " True," said Lacon, " but every goose can." Adams, i. 502. GAWK, an awkward lounging fellow. A certain gawk, named Chevalier de Gas- saud, accustomed to visit in the house at Manosque, sees good to commence a kind of theoretic flirtation with the little brown wife. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 98. A Duke of Weissenfels for instance : fool- ish old gawk, whom Wilhelmina Princess Eoyal recollects for his distracted_notions. Ibid. iv. 359. GAWKY, is only given as an adjective in the Diets. The extract is quoted in Archceol. xxiv. 188. Some wear their hats on, pointed into the air ; those are the Gaickies. London Chron- icle, xi. 167 (1762). GAWNE (apparently), to long after or reach after. I take not I, as some do take, To gape and gawne for honours hye, But Court and Cayser to forsake, And lyue at home full quyetlye. Googe, Sonnette to H. Cobham. GAYITRY, finery. A bride (though never so mean a person or silly servant) is decked and dressed in all yayitry lent unto her by her neighbours. Fuller, Pisgah Sight, IV. vi. 5. GAYS, usually means pictures (see L. and N.), but here = gaiety or showy things generally. Breton has it in the singular. And though perhaps most commonly each youth Is giuen in deede to follow euery gaye ; And some of these are touched with vntruth, Yet some there be that take a better waye. Breton, Toyes of an Idle Head, p. 28. O how I grieue deer Earth, that (given to gays) Most of best wits contemn thee now a days : And noblest hearts proudly abandon quight Study of hearbs, and country life's delight." Sylvester, 3rd day, 1st weeke, 1040. GAZEE, person gazed at. Such a group would relieve both parties gazer and gazee from too distressing a con- sciousness. De Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 157. GAZELESS, unseeing ; not looking. Desire lies dead upon the gazeless eye. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 98. GEE-HO. See first extract. A gee- ho-coach seems to be a heavy coach from the country. They drew all their heavy goods here [Bristol] on sleds or sledges, which they call Gee-hoes, without wheels. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, ii. 314. Ply close at inns upon the coming in of waggons and gee-ho-coa.chea. T. Brown, Works, ii. 262. GEESE. A man who thinks his own geese sivans is one who over-estimates what belongs to him. It will be seen GELASTIC ( 272 ) GENSDARMERY that Bailey, in substituting an English proverb for the Latin, has somewhat spoilt the appropriateness of the re- joinder. Ga. Every man's own geese are swans (sua cuique sponsa videtur pulchei~rima). Al. If that proverb held good, we should not have so many adulteries. Bailey's Eras- mus, p. 316. Tygh high, tygh high, and sweet delight ! He tickles this age who can Call Tullia's ape a marmasite, And Leda's goose a swan. British Bibliographer, quoted in Southey's Doctor, Interchapter vii. And now as to Dr. Whately, I owe him a great deal. He was a man of generous and warm heart. He was particularly loyal to his friends, and, to use the common phrase, " all his geese were swans." Newman, Apolo- gia, p. 68. GELASTIC, something risible : both a substantive and adjective. My friendly pill . . . causes all com- plexions to laugh or smile, even in the very time of taking it, which it effects by dilating and expanding the gelastic muscles. T. Brown, Works, ii. 140. Happy man would be his dole who, when he had made up his mind in dismal resolu- tion to a dreadful course of drastics, should find that gelastics had been substituted, not of the Sardonian kind. Southey, The Doctor, ch. extraordinary. GELT, tax. All these the king granted unto them cum Sacha et Socha, To! and Teum, &c., free from all gelts and payments. Fuller, Wal- tham Abbey, p. 7. GEMMARY, knowledge of gems. Sir T. Browne has gemmary as an adjec- tive. In painting and gemmary Fortunate, like his countrymen, was a quack. E. A. Poe, Cask of Amontillado. G E M M E N , vulgar abbreviation of gentlemen. At home our Bow-street gemmen keep the laws. Byron, Beppo, st. 86. Here the new maid chimed in, " Ma'am, salts of lemon Will make it in no time quite fit for the gemman." Ingoldsby Legends (Aunt Fanny). GENEALOGY, offspring ; generation. The family consisted of an old grey-headed man and his wife, with five or six sons and sons-in-law, and their several wives, and a joyous genealogy out of them. Sterne, Sent. Journey, The Supper. GENERALESS, female general. He hastily nominates or sanctions gener- alesses, captains of tens and fifties. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. VII. ch. v. GENETHLIAC, a nativity caster. Commend me here to all genethliacs, casters of nativities, star-worshippers, by this token, that they are all impostors, and here proved fools. Adams, i. 9. Do not the hist'ries of all ages Relate miraculous presages Of strange turns in the world's affairs Foreseen by astrologers, soothsayers, Chaldaeans, learn 'd genethliacks, And some that have writ almanacks ? Hudibras, II. iii. 689. GENETIC, pertaining to the genesis or origin of things. All revolutions, articles, and achievements whatsoever, the greatest and the smallest which this world ever beheld, have not once, but often, in their course of genesis depended on the veriest trifles. ... So inscrutable is genetic history ; impracticable the theory of causation, and transcends all calculus of man's devising. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 78. . GENETICAL, having relation to the genesis or origin. A complete picture and Genetical History of the Man and bis spiritual Endeavour lies before you. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. I. ch. xi. GENEVA PRINT, sometimes applied to drink (see quotation from Massinger in L.), and this is also the meaning, I suppose, of a passage in Chapman's Mfms. D Olive, Act II., where a puri- tanical weaver, whose " face was like the ten of diamonds, pointed each- where with pushes," is said to be "purblind with the Geneva print;" there being an equivoque intended between his spiritual and spirituous studies. In the subjoined, however, it signifies a puritanical fashion in dress. Shee is a nonconformist in a close sto- macher and ruffle of Geneua print, and her puritie consists much in her linen. Earle, Microcosmographie (Shee precise Hypocrite). GENSDARMERY, a corps or army. Had the gensdarmery of our great writers no other enemy to fight with ? Racket, Life of Williams, i."l02. The greater part of the gentry now dis- persed ; the whimsical misfortune which had befallen the gens d'armerie of Tillietndlem furnishing them with huge entertainment. Scott, Old Mortality, ch. iii. GENS D'ARMES ( *73 ) GERR1NG GENS D'ARMES, soldiers. We come not here, my lord, said they, with armes For to resist the chok of thy Gens d'annea. Hudson, Judith, v. 538. GENTEELIZE, to become or make gen- teel. See GENTILIZE. A man cannot dress but his ideas get cloth'd at the same time ; and if he dresses like a gentleman, every one of them stands presented to his imagination genteelized along with him. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, vi._138. GENTILIZE, to raise to the rank of gentleman. Milton, as quoted by R. and L., has the participle = adopting Gentile habits. See GENTEELIZE. Dissembling breakers, made of all deceipts, Who falsifie your measures and your weights T' inrich your selues, and your vnthrifty Sous To yentilize with proud possessions. Sylvester, third day, first weeke, 527. GENTLE-HEART, a plant. Strip her of spring-time, tender whimpring maids, Now autumne's come, when'all those flowrie aids Of her delayes must end ; dispose That lady-smock, that pansie, and that rose Neatly apart ; But for prick-madam, and for yentle-heart And soft maiden's-blush, the bride Makes holy these ; all others lay aside. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 121. GENTLEMANHOOD, qualities or con- dition of a gentleman. L. has gentle- manship. In his family, gentle, generous, good- humoured, affectionate, self - denying ; in society, a delightful example of complete gentlemanhood. Thackeray, Roundabout Pa- pers, xx. GEOGNOSIS, knowledge of the earth. He has no bent towards exploration, or the enlargement of our yeognosis. G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. ix. GEOGNOST, a person having know- ledge of the earth's crust, &c. The travellers, except to the volcano dis- trict of Sinai, have been such bad yeoynosts, that I cannot get enough from them. C, Kinysley, 1863 (Life, ii. 141). GEOGRAPHY. The earliest example of this word given in the Diets, is from Hackluyt (1589). Udal, in 1542, thought the word needed explanation. Strabo, in his werke of yeoyrapMe, that is to saie, of the description of the earth, wryteth, &c. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. GEOLATRY, earth-worship. To this succeeded astrolatry in the East, and yeolatry in the West. Cox, Mythol. of Aryan Nations, i. 95. GEOMETER, a gauger. Instead of a quart-pot of pewter I fill small jugs, and need no tutor ; I quartridge give to the geometer Most duly ; And he will see, and yet be blind. Robin Conscience, 1683 (Harl. Misc., i. 52). GEOMETRY. To hang by geometry = angularly, out of shape, in confusion. Cf. JOMMETRY. In the extract one of the characters, who has been living under the disguise of a servant by the name of Jarvis, " enters like a gentle- man very brave, with Jarvis's cloaths in 's hand," and says Look you, here's Jarvis hangs by geometry, and here's the gentleman. Rowley, Match at Midnight, Act. III. I am a pander, a rogue that hangs together, like a beggar's rags, by geometry. Davenport, City Kiqht-Cap, Act IV. GEORGE NOBLE, a gold coin worth 6s. Bd. current in Henry VIII. 's time ; but can this be the coin referred to by Cotton ? Nor full nor fasting can the carle take rest, Whiles his Georye-nobles rusten in his chest, He sleeps but once, and dreams of burglary. Hall, Satires, IV. vi. 31. When having twelve ounces he bound up my arm, And I gave him two Georges which did him no harm. Cotton, Voyage to Ireland, canto 2. GEREMUMBLE, a comic word, having, I suppose, no very definite meaning, but = prepare in some way or other for food. He . . delivered him the king of fishes, teaching hym how to geremumble it, sawce it, and dresse it. Nashe, Lenten Stttffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 172). GERMAN. See quotation. German is by his very name Guerre-man, or man that wars and gars. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. III. ch. ii. GERMANISE, to translate into German. The Dutch hath him who Germanised the story Of Sleidan. Sylvester, Babylon, 624. GERRING. N. has " Gerre, quarrelling, evidently from the French guerre." He quotes from R. Paynell, which is, he says, the only passage where he has found it, and he therefore considers it T GERSUME ( " only as an affectation of the author." It is possible that gerring in the extract is connected with this substantive. With the musicians also he found fault, for that about their harpes and other musicall instrumentes thei would bestowe greate labour and diligence to set the strynges in right tune, and had maners gerring quite and clene out of al good accord or frame. Udal't Erasmus's Apophth., p. 85. GERSUME, a fine : at least in the mar- gin is put "fine, as some take it." Norwich, ... as wee reade in that Domes- day Booke, . . . paide unto the king twenty pounds ; . . . but now it paieth seventy pounds by weight to the king, and an hundred shillings for a gersume to the queene. Holland's Camden, p. 474. GERUND-GRINDER, a schoolmaster. Here is the glass for pedagogues, pre- ceptors, tutors, governours, gerund-grinders, and bear-leaders to view themselves in. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, iv. 112. GERUND-GRINDING, teaching or learn- ing of grammar technically. Other departments of schooling had been infinitely more productive for our young friend than the gerund-grinding one. Car- lyle, Life of Sterling, Pt. I. ch. iv. Classicality . . . greatly distinguishable from mere gerund-grinding, and death in longs and shorts. Ibid. GESTICULAR, full of action. Electricity ... is passing, glancing, ges- ticular. Emerson, Eny. Traits, ch. xiii. GESTION. order ; good bearing. Is she a woman that objects this sight, able to worke the chaos of the world into gestion? Chapman, Humerous Dayes Mirth, p. 79. GESTUREMENT, gesture. Meanwhile our poets in high parliament Sit watching every word and gesturement. Hall, Satires, I. iii. 46. GESTURER, actor. [The poet] may likewise exercise the part of gesturer, as though he seemed to meddle in rude and common matters, and yet not so deale in them as it were for variety sake, nor as though he had laboured them thoroughly, but tryfled with them, nor as though he had sweat for them, but practised a little. Webbe, Discourse of Eng. Poetrie, p. 95. GESTUROUS, full of gesture. Some be as toyinge, gesturous, and counter- feiting of anything by ymitation, as Apes. Touchstone of Complexions, p. 97. GETABLE, procurable. I do not mean to plunder yon of any mor 4 ) GIBBET prints, but shall employ a little collector to get me all that are getable. Walpole, Letters, iii. 283 (1769). GET - NOTHING, an idler who earns nothing. Every get-nothing is a thief, and laziness is a stolen water. Adams, i. 192. GET-UP, dress ; appearance. There is an air of pastoral simplicity about their whole get-up. H. Kingsley, Ravenshoe, ch. xliii. GHAST, ghastly ; awful. 1st Lady. How ghast a train ! 2nd Lady. Sure this should be some splendid burial. Keats, Otho the Great, v. 5. GHAUT. See extract. I wrote this, remembering in long, long distant days such a ghaut or river-stair at Calcutta. Thackeray, Roundabout Papers, xviii. GHOSTESS, female ghost. In the mean time that she. The said Ghostess, or Ghost, as the matter may be, From impediment, hindrance, and let shall be free To sleep in her grave. Ingoldsby Legends (Old Woman in Grey). GHYLL, "in the dialect of Cumber- land and Westmoreland is a short and, for the most part, a steep narrow valley, with a stream running through it " ( Wordsworth, The Idle Shepherd Boys, or Dungeon Ghyll Force, note). See L. s. v. gill. I wandered where the huddling rill Brightens with water-breaks the sombrous ghyll. Wordsworth, Evening Walk. GIANTISH, over tall. Their stature neither dwarf nor giantish, But in a comely well-dispos'd proportion. Randolph, Muses Looking-Glass, v. 1. GIANTRY, hugeness. The flimsy giantry of Ossian has introduced mountainous horrors. Walpole, Letters, iv. 380 (1784). GIBBET, shoulder (gigot). Among the false or blasphemous opinions com- plained of by the Lower House of Con- vocation in 1536 is the following That the holy water is more savoury to make sauce with than the other, because it is mixt with salt ; which is also a very good medicine for a horse with a gall'd back, yea, if there be put an onyon thereunto, it is a good sauce for a gibbet of mutton. Fuller, Ch. Hi$t., V. iv. 28. GIFT ( *75 ) GIPSY GIFT, to give. This verb is in the Diets., but the examples are only of the use of the past participle. He was just the sort of wild, fierce, bandit hero whom I could have consented to gift with my hand. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xvii. For the world must love and fear him "Whom I gift wih heart and hand. Mrs. Bro icning, Swan's Nest. The Regent Murray gifted all the Church property to Lord Sempill. /. Cameron Lees, Abbey of Paisley, p. 201 (1868). GlFTLlNG, little gift. The kindly Christmas tree may you have plucked pretty giftlings from it. Thackeray, Roundabout Papers, x. GIG. flighty person. See N. s. v. giglet. Charlotte L. called, and the little gig told all the qnarrels and all les mallieurs of the domestic life she led in her family, and made them all ridiculous without meaning to make herself so. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, i. 390. GlGANTESQUE, giant-like. In the neighbourhood of a river-system so awful of a mountain-system so unheard of in Europe, there would probably, by blind, unconscious sympathy, grow up a tendency to lawless and gigantesque ideals of adventur- ous life. De (Juincey, Spanish Nun, Post- script. GIGANTICIDE, giant-killer. The exoteric person mingles, as usual, in society, while the esoteric is like John the Giganticide in his coat of darkness. Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter, xii. GIGANTOMACHY, battle of the Giants. They looked more like that Gigantomachy, the Giants assaulting Heaven and the Gods, than that Good fight of faith. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 544. GIGMANITY, a word coined by Carlyle to signify a Philistine respectability. See quotation s. v. SQUIRELET, where the following note is subjoined. " Q. What do you mean by respectable ? A. He always kept a gig " (Thurtell's trial). The word international introduced by the immortal Bentham, and Mr. Carlyle's gig- inanity to coin which by the way it was necessary to invent facts are significantly characteristic of the utilitarian philanthro- pist and of the futilitarian misanthropist respectively. Hall, Modern English, p. 19. GIGXITIVE, productive of something else. There are at the commencement of the third volume four Interchapters in succes- sion, and relating to each other, the first gigniti ve but" not generated, the second and third both generated and yignitive, the fourth generated but not giynitive. Southey, The Doctor, Interchapter xiv. GIM, fine ; spruce. See JIM. He's as fine as a prince, and as gim as the best of them. Vanbruyh, The Confederacy, Act I. GIMMON, a double ring : usually written gimmal, q. v. in N. A ring of a rush would tye as much Loue together as a Gimmon of golde. Greene, Menaphon, p. 88. GIN, squaw, or wife of an Indian or Australian native, and so an old woman generally. See quotation s. v. MYALL- BOUGH. An Australian settler's wife bestows on some poor slaving gin a cast-off French bonnet ; before she has gone a hundred yards, her husband snatches it off, puts it on his own mop, quiets her for its loss with a tap of the waddie, and struts on in glory. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. xiii. GINGERBREAD, used adjectivally and in a disp-traging sense of showy adorn- ment. The rooms are too small, and too much decorated with carving and gilding, which is a kind of gingerbread work. Smollett, France and Italy, Letter xxx. GlNGLE-BOYS, coins. Ang. You are hid in gold O'er head and ears. Hir. We thank our fates, the sign of the ffingle-boys hangs at the door of our pockets. Massinger, Virgin Martyr, ii. 2. GINGLES, shingles. It is observed of the gingles. or St. Anthony his fire, that it is mortall if it come once to clip and encompasse the whole body. Fuller, Ch. Hist., IX. i. 60. GIPSOUS, clayey. Others looked for it [cause of sweating sickness] from the earth, as arising from an exhalation in moist weather out of gipsous or plaisterly ground. Fuller, Camb. Univ., vii. 36. GIPSY, as a term of reproach is gener- ally applied to a woman, and usually in a playful way ; the gipsy in the extract is Spenser, Edw. I L's favourite. This overture being come to the Queen's ear, and withal the knowledge how this Gipsie had marshall'd his cunning practice, and had prescrib'd the way for her escape, . . . she seemed woudrously well-pleas'd. Hist, of Ed ic. II., p. 88. X 2 GIRD ( 276 ) GLED GIRD, a spurt. N. gives an instance from North's Plutarch of gird as a verb = to leap or bound. Like a haggard, you know not where to take him. He hunts well for a gird, but is Boon at a loss. Adams, i. 475. GIRDING-HOOK, cutting or reaping- hook. The oats, oh the oats, 'tis the ripening of the oats ! All the day they have been dancing with their flakes of white, "Waiting for the girding-hook to be the nag's delight. Exmoor Harvest Song (Lorna Doone, ch. xxix). GIRDLE. To have under one's girdle = to have in subjection. Such a wicked brothell "Which sayth vnder his girtkell He holdeth Kyngs and Princes. Roy and Barlow, Rede me and be not wroth, p. 114. Let the magnanimous junto be heard, who would try the hazard of war to the last, and had rather lose their heads than put them under the girdle of a presbyterian conventicle. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 215. GIRL. See first extract : in the second the speaker is supposed to be a hind. The roebuck is the first year a kid, the second year a girl, the third year a hemuse. Return from Parnassus, ii. 5 (1606). Those pretty fawns, prickets, sorrells, hemuses and girls, whereof some are mine, which I brought into the world without any pain or help of midwife. Howell, Parly of Jieasts, p. 62. GlRSE. N. has " girse, a girth ? " with a quotation from Taylor, 1630. Subjoined is a somewhat earlier in- stance : there can be no doubt that the meaning is as conjectured. One day, as the king was alone on the shores, there sallies out of the fort a com- pany of horse, whereof three ranne at him so violently, and all strooke his horse together with their launces as they brake pectorall, qirses, and all, that the horse slips away, and leaues the king and the saddle on the ground. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 46. GIVEN-WAY, allowed. Is this the price of all thy pains ? Is this the reward of thy given-way liberty? Sid- ney, Arcadia, p. 369. GLACIARIUM, a place where ice ia kept for skating purposes : a word formed like aquarium. The real ice at the Chelsea ylaciarium was obtained by the use of liquid sulphnrons acid. Nineteenth Century, March, 1878, p. 555. GLADE. To go to glade, evidently = to set is it from the sun sinking behind the trees ? Likening her Majestie to the Sunne for his brightnesse, but not to him for his pas- sion, which is ordinarily to go to glade, and sometime to suffer eclypse. Puttenham, Eng. Poesie, p. 116. Phoebus now goes to glade ; then now goe wee Vuto our sheddes to rest vs till he rise. Davies, Eglogue, 255. GLADIFY, rejoice ; become glad. Have you Mr. Twining still ? oh that he would come and mortify upon our bread and cheese, while he would gladify upon our pleasure in his sight. Mad. IfArblay, Diary, vi. 193. GLARINGNESS, floridness. Among them all none pleased him so much as those composed by the famous Feliciano de Silva: for the glaringness of his prose, and the intricacy of his style, seemed to him so many pearls. Jarvis's Don Quixote, Pt. I. Bk. I. ch. i. GLASS, applied by rather a violent metonymy to a stream " splendidior vitro.' 1 Out of the stone a plentious stream doth gush, "Which murmurs through the plain, proud that his glass, Gliding so swift, so soon reyoungs the grass. Sylvester, The Lawe, p. 954. GLASSYNESS, glazed appearance. R. gives the word without example. Smol- lett seems to think it requires an apo- logy, though perhaps this only refers to the application of it in this passage. The alassyness (if I may be allowed the expression) of the surface, throws, in my opinion, a false light on some parts of the picture. Smollett, France and Italy, Letter -\.\:.i. GLAZIERS, gipsy cant for eyes. The extract means, Look out with all your eyes, I swear by the devil, a magis- trate is coming. Toure out with your glaziers, I swear by the ruffin, That we are assaulted by a queer cuffin. Broonie, A Jovial Crew, Act II. GLED. Come, knave, it were a good deed to gled thee, by cockes bones, Seest not thy handi warke ? sir Eat, can you forbear him. Gammer Gurton's Needle (Hawkins' Eng. Dr., i. 235). GLIB ( 277 ) GLORRE GLIB, slippery. Or colour, like their own The parted lips of shells that are upthrown, With which, and coral, and the glib sea flowers, They furnish their faint bowers. Leigh Hunt, Foliage, p. 20. GLIDDERY, slippery. See quotation s.v. POPWEED, and Wedgewood, s. v. glidder. Two men led my mother down a steep and gliddery stair-way. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. iv. GLIM, a light or candle: also an eye. " Let's have a glim" said Sikes, " or we shall go breaking ournecks." Dickens, Oliver Tmst, ch. xvi. It is not a farthing glim in a bedroom, or we should have seen it lighted. It is some one up ; we must wait till they roost. Reade, Never too late to mend, ch. xlviii. Harold escaped with the loss of a glim. Jngoldsby Legends (Housewarminy). GLIMFLASHY, angry; flaring up (slang). Don't be glimfashy ; why you'd cry beef on a blater. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Ixxxii. GLIMMER-GOWK, an owl. 'E sit like a graat glimmer-gowk wi' 'is glasses athurt 'is noase. Tennyson, The Vil- lage Wife. GLIMMEBT, glimmering. Shal wee, father heunlye, be carelesse Of thy claps thundring ? or when fiers glim- rye be listed In clowds grim gloomming? Stanyhurst, ^En., iv. 216. GLINT, to glean ; also as a subst. The sight of the stars glinting fitfully through the trees, as we rolled along the avenue. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. xx. The few persevering gnats, who were still dancing about in the slanting glints of sun- shine, that struck here aud there across the lanes, had left off humming. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xlvii. GLISTEN, a gleam : usually, a verb. The sight of a piece of gold would bring into her eyes a green glisten, singular to witness. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. xiv. GLITTERANCE, glitter. From the glitterance of the sunny main He turii'd his aching eyes. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. XII. GLOAM, twilight ; usually written gloaming. I saw their starved lips in the gloam, With horrid warning gaped wide, And I awoke and found me here, On the cold hill's side. Keats, La Belle Dame fans merci. GLOBIST, one who understands the use of the globes. Before my traveller puts himself to such peregrinations, 'tis requisit he should know the use of the globe beforehand . . . Being a good globist hee will quickly find the zenith, the distances, the climes, and the parallels. Howell, Instructions for Forraine Travel (Appendix). GLOOMISH, gloomy. With toole sharp poincted wee boarde and perced his owne light That stood in his lowring front gloommish malleted onlye. Stanyhurst, JEn., iii. 649. GLOOMTH, gloom. One has a satisfaction in imprinting the gloomth of abbeys and cathedrals on one's house. Walpole to Mann, iii. 40 (1753). Strawberry, with all its painted glass and gloomth, looked as gay when I came home as Mrs. Cornelis's ball room. Walpole, Letters, iii. 331 (1770). GLORK, to stare. See H., who has two instances of it, but the subjoined is a comparatively late example. Sometimes it hap't, a greedy gull Would get his gullet cram'd so full As t' make him glare and gasp for wind. Ward, England's Reformation, c. ii. p. 222. GLORIOSER, a boaster : Anglicized form of, or perhaps misprint for, glo- rioso. Emptie vessells haue the highest sounds, hollowe rockes the loudest ecchoes, and prattling gloriosers the smallest performance of courage. Greene, Menaphon, p. 82. GLORIOSO, a boaster : cf. FURIOSO, GRATIOSO, &c. Some wise men thought his Holinesse did forfeit a parcel of his infallibility in giving credit to such a Glorioso, vaunting that with three thousand Souldiers he would beat all the English out of Ireland. Fuller, Worthies, Devon (i. 284). GLORRE. In Nuttall's edition the word is printed glare. Any slimy or ropy substance was called glere (see N. ). Fr. glaire: perhaps this is what is meant, and = fat. Nothing but fulness stinteth their [hogs] feeding on the Mast falling from the Trees, where also they lodge at liberty (not pent up, as in other places, to stacks of Pease) which some assign the reason of the fineness of their flesh ; which though not all glorre (where no bancks of lean can be seen for the deluge of fat) is no less delicious to the taste, and more wholesome for the stomack. Fuller, Worthies, Hants, (i. 400). GLORY ( 278 ) GO GLORY, to make glorious, or glorify. Her attendant train may pass the troop That gloried Veuus on her wedding day. Greene, Looking glass for England, p. 118. See How he that glories Heaven with an honour Covets to glorify himself with honesty. Davenport, City Night-cap, Act I. GLORYLESS, bereft of glory. He on whose glory all thy joy should stay Is soulless, gloryless, and desperate. Peele, Battle of Alcazar, ii. 3. GLOSSEM, gloss. I suppose meant for gloss 'em. The Church of Home shall vie strange ylossems and ceremonious observations with them. Bp. Hall, Works, v. 13. GLOUCESTER. See extract. The old proverb, As sure as God's at Gloucester, certainly alluded to the vast number of churches and religious founda- tions here. Defoe, Tour thro' Great Britain, ii. 322. GLOUT, to sulk, to look heavily. JR. says it is found as late as Milton and Garth : the subjoined are more recent. Jenny (turning away and glowting). " I declare it, I won't bear it." Gibber, Pro- voked Husband, Act IV. When the fray was over, I took my friend aside, aud asked him, how he came to be so earnestly against me. To which with some gloutiny confusion he replied, " Because you are always jeering aud making a jest of me to every boy in the school." Ibid., Apology, ch. i. When we came to the top behold the fnows fallen ! aud such quantities, and con- ducted by such heavy clouds that hung yloutiny, that I thought we could never have waded through them. Walpole, Let- ters, i. 35 (1739). She had been greatly therefore disap- pointed in the morning . . . and had been in what is vulgarly called a gloutiny humour ever since. Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. VII. ch. viii. If I find Ins aspect very solemn, " Come, come, no yloutiny, friend," I will say, and perhaps smile in his face. Richardson, Grandison, iv. 165. GLOUT. In the glout = in the sulks ; angry. My mamma was in the glout with her poor daughter all the way. Richardson, Cl. Har- lowe, ii. 140. GLUTTONINO, gluttony. Come, honest cook, let me see how thy imagination has wrought as well as thy fingers, aud what curiosity thou hast shown in the preparation of this banquet, for glut- toning delights to be ingenious. Marmion, Antiquary, Act IV. GLYG. H. says "glig, a blister," which, used metaphorically, may be the meaning in the following quatrain made by a man whom Peele had swin- dled. Peele is no poet, but a gull and a clown, To take away my clothes and gown ; I vow by Jove, if I can see him wear it, I'll give him a ylyg, and patiently bear it. Peele's Jests, 1627, p. 117. GNABBLE, nibble. Gnibling occurs in Stanyhurst's Dedic. to his Virgil. " Take us these little foxes," was wont to be the suit of the Church, "for they gitabble our grapes, and hurt our tender branches." Ward, Sermons, p. 159. GNARL, snarl. The word is used as a verb by Shakespeare. See N. My caress provoked a long guttural ynarl. Miss E. Bronte, Wutheriny Heights, ch. i. GXAT-SNAPPER, a term of abuse ; per- haps = a stupid fellow with his mouth always open. It is also the name of the beccafico, and is sometimes written "gnat-snap." Grout - head gnat - snappers, lob-dotterels, gapiug changelings. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxv. GNOMED, haunted by gnomes. Philosophy will clip an Angel's wings, Conquer all mysteries by rule and line, Empty the haunted air and ynomed mine. Keats, Lamia, Pt. II. GNOSTIC, knowing. s. v. TOGGED. See quotation I said you were a d d gnostic fellow, and I laid a bet you have not been always professional. Scott, St. Ronan'i Well, i. 91. Go, a measure of drink ; go-down was the term in the seventeenth cen- tury. See N. And many more whose quality Forbids their toping openly, Will privately, on good occasion, Take six go-downs on reputation. D'Urfey, Collin's Walk, canto 4. So they went on talking politics, puffing cigars, and sipping whiskey-and-water, until the goes, most appropriately so called, were both gone. Sketches by Boz (Making a night of it). The goes of stout, the Chough and Crow, the welsh rabbit, the Red Cross Kuight, . . . the song and the cup, in a word, passed round merrily. Tluicktray, Jfewcomes, ch. i. GO ( 279 ) GODDESS-HOOD Go, a proceeding (slang). Well, this is a pretty go is this here ! an uncommon pretty go. Dickens, Nicholas Nicldely, ch. Ivii. I see a man with his eye pushed out ; that was a rum go as ever I see. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. vii. GOAD-GROOM, a carter or ploughman ; one who uses the goad. In the Divine Weekes(Captaines, 710) Sylvester calls Sangar or Snamgar a Goad-man, and in the margin a Plough-swain. [Thou] by one man, one Goad-groom, (silly Sangar), Destroy'dst six hundred in religious anger. Sylvester, Little Bartas, 877. GOADSTEB, a driver ; one who uses the goad. Voltaire's bones are by and by to be carried from their stolen grave in the Abbey of Seallieres to an eager stealing grave in Paris, his birth-city : all mortals processioning and perorating there ; cars drawn by eight white horses, yoadsters in classical costume with fillets and wheat-ears enough ; though the weather is of the wettest. Carlyle, Fr, Rev., Pt. II. Bk. III. ch. vii. GO-AHEAD, forward ; progressive. You would fancy that the go-ahead party try to restore order and help business on. Not the least. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. xiv. GOAL, to imprison. Trounce him, goal him, and bring him upon his knees, and declare him a reproach and scandal to his profession. South, Sermons, vi. 52. GOAR, to scoop or dig ; now usually spelt gore, and = to pierce with the horn (as of a bull, &c.). I have ever dissented from their opinion who maintain that the world was created a levell champian, mountains being only the product of Noah's flood, where the violence of the waters aggested the earth yoared out of the hollow valleys. Fuller, Ch'. Hist., Bk. ix., Dedic. GOB. If you put into your furnaces a quantity of stuff in which, for instance, alumina pre- ponderates and silica preponderates, your furnaces will not flux, but they gob. North Line. Iron Co. v. Winn, Queen's Bench, Nov. 22, 1877. GOBBER-TOOTH, a projecting tooth. Burton (Anat. of Mel., p. 515) has yubber-tushed. Duke Eichard was low in stature, crook- backed, with one shoulder higher than the other, having a prominent gobber- tooth, a war-like countenance which well enough be- came a soldier. Fuller, Ch. Hist , IV. iii. 8. That pen that reports her [Anna Boleyn] lean - visaged, long - sided, gobber - toothed, yellow - complexioued, with a wen in her neck, both manifests his malice, and dis- parageth the judgement of King Henry, whom all knew well read in books, and better in beauties. Ibid. V. iv. 20. GO-BY-GROUND, low. Gauden, argu- ing in favour of a sufficient provision for the clergy, asks what would be thought of making Judges, Mayors, &c. of "hungry thred-bare wretches," and whether anything could be more de- spicable than " such mushroome magis- trates, such go-by-ground Governours " (Tears of the Church, p. 521). N. has the word as a substantive. GOD, to deify ; to treat as a God. The first extract is given by E. and by L., but it will be seen that it is not quite peculiar to Shakespeare. See also s. v. CHRIST. This last old man Lov'd me above the measure of a father, Nay, godded me indeed. Coriolanus, V. iii. Some 'gainst their king attempting open treason, Some godding Fortune (idol of ambition). Sylvester, Miracle of Peace, sonnet 30. GODDAM. It is to be feared that Flanders was not the only country in which our armies swore terribly. Lord Stanhope, in his Essay on Joan of Arc, quotes the subjoined from a con- temporary chronicle, and adds that though he had often heard the name applied to an Englishman, he had hitherto believed it to be modern, as he had previously met with no earlier instance than in Beaumarchais' Mariage de Figaro. In the second extract God- damme = rake. "Joan, let us eat this shad-fish to dinner before you set out." " In the name of God," said she, " it shall not be eaten till supper, by which time we will return by way of the bridge, and bring back with us a prisoner, a Goddam, who shall eat his share of it." Stanhope's Essays, p. 30. Others were of the town-cut, young God- dammes that spoke ill, and lived worse. Gentleman Instructed, p. 556. GODDESS-HOOD, status of a goddess. Should not my beloved, for her own sake, descend by degrees from goddess-hood into humanity ? Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, iv. 360. GODDIKIN ( 280 ) GOLILIA GODDIKIN, a little god. For one's a little Goddikin, No bigger than a skittle-pin. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 281. GOD-FULL, inspired. Homer, Musseus, Quid, Maro, more Of those god-full prophets longe before Holde there eternall fiers. Herrick, Appendix, p. 440. GODS, a name given to those who sit in the upper gallery of a theatre. The French call this gallery Paradis. Each one shilling god within reach of a nod is, And plain are the charms of each gallery goddess. J. and H. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 128. GODSHOUSE, almshouse, which is the explanation of the term given in the margin. In Southampton there is a chapel (now used for the Anglican Service in French) dedicated to St. Julien. It has almshouses attached to it, and is usually called God's House. Built, they say, it was by Sir Richard de Abberbury, Knight, who also under it founded for poore people a yodshouse. Holland's Catnden, p. 284. GOFFER, to crimp. " What's the matter with your ruff ? " asked Lady Betty ; " it looks very neat, I think." " Neat ! . . . I'll have to get it all goffered over again." Miss Ferrier, Inherit- ance, ch. xxi. GOGGLE, to roll about (the eyes). The Diets, have no example of this as an active verb. In temple corners hee gogled his eyesight. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 438. He goggled his eyes, and groped in his money - pocket. Walpole, Letters, iii. 174 (1766). GOGGLES, spectacles made of coloured glass, wire, or gauze, to protect the eyes from light, dust, &c. I nearly came down a-top of a little spare man who sat breaking stones by the road- side. He stayed his hammer, and said, re- garding me mysteriously through his dark goijrjles of wire, " Are you aware, sir, that you've been trespassing ? " Dickens, Un- commercial Traveller, xxii. GOGMAGOG, a jocose term for a big or strong person. N. has gogmagogical = large, with quotation from Taylor, the water poet. Be valiant, my little goymayoyt, I'll fence with all the justices in Hertfordshire. Merry Devil of Edmonton (Dodsley, 0. PI., xi. 140). GOINGS ON, proceedings. The simple word ' goings ' is used in this, sense, Job xxxiv. 21. The family did not, from his usual goings on, expect him back again for many weeks. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. v. GOLDEN EYE. L. defines it a species of duck (Anas danguld), but Sylvester in a marginal note explains it to be the " Guilt-head," which was a fish, the Aurata or Aurella. See Fuller, Holy War, III. xxiii. 4. The delicate, cud-chewing Golden-Eye, Kept in a weyre, the widest space doth spy, And, thrusting in his tail, makes th' Osiars gape "With his oft flapping, and doth so escape. Sylvester, fifth day, first weeke, p. 313. GOLDFINCH, a gold piece. Cf. YELLOW-HAMMER. Sir H. Don't you love singing-birds, madam ? Angel. (Aside.) That's an odd question for a lover. (Aloud.) Yes, sir. Sir. H. Why then, madam, here is a nest of the prettiest goldfinches that ever chirped in a cage. Farquhar, Constant Couple, ii. 2. GOLDNY, the fish gilthead. The oisters of Tarentum, fish of Helops, The goldny of Cilicia, Chios scallops. Davies, An Extasie, p. 94. GOLES. By Goles, an oath ; a minced version of By God. Why then, by Goles ! I will tell you. I hate you and I can't abide you. Fielding, An old man taught insdom. Hark, hark ! 'tis the signal ly goles I It sounds like a funeral knell. Oh, hear it not, Duncan ! it tolls To call thee to heaven or hell. J. and H. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 173. GOLILIA. Spanish golilla, a little starched band sticking out under the chin, like a ruff. Mons. Let me not put on that Spanish yoke, but spare me my cravat, for I love cravat furieusement. Don. Off, off, off with it, I say ! Come, refuse the ornaments principal of the Spanish habit! (Takes him by the cravat, pulls it off, and the Black puts on the golitia.) Mom. Will you have no mercy, no pity ? alas ! alas ! alas ! Oh, I had rather put on the English pillory than that Spanish golilia. JVyrherley, Gent. Dane. Mast., iv. 1. I cannot well comprehend what those GOLL-SHEAVES ( 281 ) GOOD-NATURED pretenders to science would be at who fasten on the first notions, and will no more part with them than a Spaniard with his basket-hilt or golilia. Gentleman Instructed, p. 254. He wore about his neck ... a small run 5 , which had serv'd him formerly instead of a (jolille, when he liv'd at Madrid. T. Brown, Works, iv. 210. GOLL-SHEAVES. H. gives " gole, big, fall, florid, prominent, rank as grass," &c. Goll-sheaves perhaps = sheaves of overgrown corn with empty ears. The rest of the articles were gall-sheaves that went out in a suddain blaze. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 92. GOLOSHED, furnished with goloshes, or, perhaps, made waterproof. His boots had suffered in the wars : great pains had been taken for their preservation ; they had been soled and heeled more than once ; had they been goloshed, their owner might have defied Fate. Ingoldsly Legends (Grey Dolphin). GONOPH, a fool or lout. See H. s. v. gno/e. I am obliged to take him into custody ; he's as obstinate a young gonoph as I know ; he won't move on. Dickens, Bleak House, ch. xix. GOOD-BODIED, having a good figure. Saw all my family up, and my father and sister, who is a pretty good-bodied woman, and not over thick, as I thought she would have been, but full of freckles, and not handsome in face. Pepys, May 31, 1666. GOODFELLOW, a reveller ; it was also used of a thief. See H. This they said, because it was well known that Sir Roger had been a Goodfellow in his youth. But he answered them very wisely: '' Indeed," saith he, " in youth, I was as you are now, and I had twelve fellows like unto myself, but not one of them came to a good end." Ascham, Schoolmaster, p. 60. I have been employed By some the greatest statesmen of the king- dom These many years; and in my time conversed With sundry humours, suiting so myself To company, as honest men and knaves, Goodfeliows, hypocrites, all sorts of people. Jonson, Magnetic Lady, I. i. \Ye must not only avoid sinne itself, but also the causes and occasions thereof, amongst which bad company (the lime twigs of the devil) is the chiefest, especially to catch those natures which, like the goodfellow planet Mercuric, are most swayed by others. Fuller, Holy State, III. v. 3. GOOD- FOE-LITTLE, not worth much. The little words in the republic of letters are most significant. The trisyllables, and the rumblers of syllables more than three, are but the good-for-little magnates. Rich- ardson, Cl. Harlowe, iv. 298. GOOD-FOR-NOTHING, worthless. I believe I may put it to your score that I have not a guest to-day, nor any besides my own family, and you yood-for-nothiny ones (inutiles). Bailey's Erasmus, p. 187. He is to be married very soon ; a good-for- nothing fellow ! I have no patience with him. Miss Austen, Sense and Sensibility, ch. xxx. GOOD - FOE - NOTHINGNESS, WOrtllleSS- ness. How do these gentry know that, supposing they could trace back their ancestry for one, two, three, or even five hundred years, that then the original stems of these poor fami- lies, though they have not kept such elaborate records of their good-for-nothingness, as it often proves, were not still deeper rooted. Richardson, Pamela, ii. 54. GOODISH, rather good, or large. I fetched a goodish compass round by the way of the Cloven Eocks. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. Iviii. GOOD MORROWS, compliments or com- monplaces : the expression refers, I suppose, to the formal and empty greetings exchanged when acquaint- ances meet. After this saiyng the commenaltie of Athenes, which had afore condemned him, were sodainly stricken againe in loue with hym, and saied that he was an honest man again and loued the citee, and many gaie good morowes. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth. p. 376. She spoke of the domesticall kind of cap- tivities and drudgeries that women are put unto, with many such good morrows. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 67. Some might be apt to say, the devil's in a man that grieves for the loss of a wife ; that a dead wife is the best piece of house- hold goods a man can have ; that it would be as preposterous to shed tears at the interring our left rib as to go into mourning for getting out of prison, . , . and a thousand such good morrows. T. Broicn, Works, iii. 245. GOOD-NATURED is used by theological writers of that goodness which a man may have without having the grace of God. The first quotation is borrowed from Trench's DefaienciesofEng. Diets.; in the second the word is not used in its strict theological sense, and signifies what we now call well-conditioned, but conveys much higher eulogy than it does at present. This inferior use of GOODY GOSSAN the word was, however, current in Fuller's time, and South (vi. 109) has some pungent remarks thereon. Good nature, being the relics and remains of that shipwreck which Adam made, is the proper and immediate disposition to holiness. When yood nature is heightened by the grace of God, that which was natural becomes now spiritual. Jeremy Taylor, Sermon at Funeral of Sir J. Dalstone. "We take our leaves of Tyndal with that testimony which the Emperour's procurator or attorney-general (though his adversary) gave of him, " Homo fuit doctus, pius et bonus : " He was a learned, a godly, and a good-natured man. Fuller, Ch. Hist., V. iv. 41. GOODY, a contemptuous word to denote what is well intentioned, but weak and mawkish. All this may be mere goody weakness and twaddle on my part. Sterling, in Carlyle's Life, Pt. II. Ch. V. One can't help in his presence rather try- ing to justify his good opinion ; and it does so tire one to be goody and to talk sense. Miss Bronte, Villette, ch. ix. GOOSE, to hiss (theatrical slang). He was goosed last night, he was goosed the night before last, he was goosed to-day. He has lately got in the way of being always goosed, aud he can't stand it. Dickens, Hard Times, ch. vi. GOOSE-HORNS. In the Queen's Closet Opened, p. 77 (1655), there is a receipt for " A Powder for the Wind in the Body," which has, among other ingre- dients, "pillings of goose-horns, of capons, and pigeons." GOOSE-SKIN, a creeping of the flesh is so called. Cf. ANSERINE. Her teeth chattered in her head, and her skin began to rise into what is vulgarly termed goose-skin. Miss Ferrier, Inheritance, ch. ii. GOB-BELLY, a big belly. See N. In all the examples in the Diets, it is used of a glutton, not of the stomach itself. The devils of Crowland, with their crump shoulders, side and gor-f>ellies, crooked and hawmed legges. . . Holland's Camden, p. 530. GOBDIAN, to knot ; also (as an adjec- tive) knotted. She had Indeed locks bright enough to make me mad ; And they were simply yordiarfd up and braided. Keats, Endymion, Bk. I. She was a yordian shape of dazzling hue. Ibid., Lamia. GORE is used rather peculiarly in the extract = clotted mass. From their foreheads to their shoes they were in one gore of blood. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 68. GORGONIZE, to petrify as by the glance of the Gorgon. "What eies so Gorgoniz'd that can endure To see the AU-vpholder forc'd to bow ? Davies, Holy Roode, p. 15. GORMAGON. The society of Gonna- gons was one similar to that of Free- masons : it was in existence from 1725- 38, when it was dissolved. See N. and Q., V. vii. 152, and the extract from Pope, s. v. GREGORIAN. GOSLING. To shoe a goose or gosling = to engage in a foolish or fruitless task. See next extract, also N. and Q., III. vii. 457. As fit a sighte it were to see a goose shodde or a sadled cowe, As to hear the pratling of any soche Jack Strawe. New Customs, I. i. (1573). All this while, according to the old proverb, I have bin shooing of aoslings ; I have spent my labour and breath to little purpose. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 132. "The smith that will meddle with all things may go shoe the goslings," an old pro- verb which, from its mixture of drollery and good sense, became ever after a favourite of mine. Miss Edgeworth, Lame Jervas, ch. iii. GOSLING. The previous entry shows that to shoe geese = to engage in a foolish task ; hence perhaps the appli- cation of the proverb as given by Put- tenham to a woman's too easily moved tears. The form of it used by Sir H. Taylor is given in N., s. v. goose, from WithaVs Diet., 1634 ; it will also be found in BurtorisAnat. of Melancholy, p. 494. By the common prouerbe, a woman mil weepe for pitie to see a gosling got barefoote. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xxiv. Pity ! As great a pity to see a woman weep as to see a gosling go barefoot. Taylor, Virgin Widow, i. 3. GOSPEL-SHOP, a Methodist chapel. As soon as I had procured a lodging aud work, my next enquiry was for Mr. "Wes- ley's Gospel-shops. Life of J. Lackington, Letter xix. GOSSAN, yellow earth, just above a vein of metal. This gossan (as the Cornish call it) ... I suspect to be not merely the matrix of the ore, but also the very crude form and matcria prima of all metals. Kingsley, Westvard Ho, ch. xiii. GOTCH ( 283 ) GRAINER GOTCH, a pitcher. Once, passing by this very tree, A yotch of milk I'd been to fill, You shoulder'd me, then laugh'd to see Me and my yotch spin down the hill. JJloomfield, Richard and Kate. GOTHIAN, a Goth. Among their other worthy praises which they have justly deserved, this had not been the least, to be counted, among men of learning and skill, more like unto the Gre- cians than unto the Gothians in handling of their verse. Ascham, Schoolmaster, p. 195. GOTIRE, guitar. Touch but thy lire, my Harrie, and I heare From thee some raptures of the rare yotire. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 296. GO-TO-MEETING, a slang expression for best : usually applied to clothes, such as people wear on a Sunday. I want to give you a true picture of what every-day school life was in my time, and not a kid-glove and yo-to-meetiny-coat picture. Hiujhes, Tom rown's School-Days, Pt. II. ch. v. Brave old world she is after all, and right well made ; and looks right well to-day in her go-to-meeting clothes. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. xiv. GOUGER, one who gouges or stabs. It is true there are gamblers and youyers and outlaws. Flint, Recollections of the Mis- sissippi, p. 176 (1826). GOUL. H. gives this as a substantive = gum of the eye : in the extract it is a verb. There is a kind of earthliness in the best eye, whereby it is c/ouled up. p. Hall, Works, vi. 317. GOULAFRE (Fr. gouliafre), a greedy- gut. O howe all the substaunce of your Realme, forthwith your swerde, power, crowne, dig- nite, and obedience of your people, rynneth hedlong ynto the insaeiabill whyrlepole of these gredi youlafres to be swalowed and devoured. Simon Fish, Supplication for the Beyyars, p. 10. GOURDER. a torrent. H. gives from Elyot) 1559, " Aquilegium, a gourde of water which commeth of rayne." The extract is from N. and Q., I. i. 335 (see also pp. 356, 419). Let the yourders of raiue come downe from you and all other heretikes, let the floudes of worldly rages thrust, let the windes of Sathan's temptations blowe their worst, this house shall not be ouerthrowen. Harding against Jewel (Antw., 1565), p. 189. GOWNESEPT is Stanyhurst's rendering of gentem togatam. [Juno] shal enter In leage with Romans, and yownesept charelye tender. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 269. GOYAL. See extract. "We were come to a long deep goyal, as they call it on Exmoor, a word whose fountain and origin I have nothing to do with. Only I know that when little boys laughed at me at Tiverton for talking about a goyal, a big boy clouted them on the head, and said that it was in Homer, and meant the hollow of the hand. And another time a "Welshman told me that it must be something like the thing they call a pant in those parts. Still I know what it means well enough, to wit, a long trough among wild hills, falling towards the plain country, rounded at the bottom per- haps, and stiff more than steep at the sides of it. Whether it be straight or crooked makes no difference to it. Ulackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. iii. GRACE-STROKE, finishing touch ; coup de grace ; originally the merciful stroke which put a wounded enemy or a tor- tured prisoner out of his misery : the dagger which did this was called the misericorde ; hence grace - stroke, = completion generally. It was not without the greatest surprise in the world that I heard from my lady your mother your intentions led you to our neigh- bouring kingdom of Scotland, to perfect and give the grace-stroke to that very liberal edu- cation you have so signally improved in England. Scotland characterized,, 1701 (Harl. Misc., vii. 377). GRACY, full of teaching about grace ; what would now be called " evangeli- cal." In the morning heard Mr. Jacomb at Lud- gate upon these words, " Christ loved you, and therefore let us love one another," and made a yracy sermon like a Presbyterian. Pepys, April 14, 1661. GRADIONATELY, gradually. To recount . . . how he came to be king of fishes, and gradionately how from white to red he changed, would require as massie a toombe [tome] as Holliushead. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 167). GRAFTLING, a little or tender graft. In th' orchards at Monceaux or Blois The Gardner's care over some Graftlings choice, The second year of their adoption there Makes them as good and goodly fruits to bear. Sylvester, St. Leu-is, 88. GRAINER, garner. See GRANIER. GRAINS OF PARADISE ( 284 ) GRAPH1ES He wyll brynge the wheate into hys barne or grayner. hale, Enterlude of Johan Bapt., 15-68 (Harl. Misc., i. 110). GRAINS OF PARADISE, hot aromatic seeds gathered on the Guinea coast, of a cordial and stimulating quality. Look at that rough o' a boy gaun out o' the pawnshop, where he's been pledging the handkerchief he stole this morning, into the giushop, to buy beer poisoned wi' grains o 1 paradise and cocculus indicus. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. viii. GRAMMER, grandfather. I do not know whether in the extract this word is put by a slip of the pen or press for gramfer, which is the provincial form of grandfather given in H., and which I have often heard. Grammer usually = grandmother. How different-looking the young ones are from their fathers, and still more from their grandfathers ! Look at those three or four old (/rammers talking together there. For all their being shrunk with age and weather, you won't see such fine-grown men any- where else rn this booth. C. Kingsley, Yeast, ch. xiii. GRANADIER. This word is in the Diets., but the extract is an earlier example than any there given, and marks the introduction of the word. Now were brought into service a new sort of soldiers call'd Granadiers, who were dextrous in flinging hand granados, every one having a pouch full. Evelyn, Diary, June 29, 1678. GRAND, to make great. But yet His justice to extenuate To ground His grace is sacrilegious. Dames, Summa Totalis, p. 6. GRANDEZA, greatness ; honour. An Italian and Spanish word used as Eng- lish. I can not denie but her dominions are very spacious, that the Sunne never forsakes her quite, perpetually shining in some part or other above her hemisphere : a grandeza, I confesse, that none of all the foure monarchies could vaunt of. Hoicell, Do- dona's Grove, p. 10. He made semblance to be mightily taken with it, saying that of all the grandezas he had received since his coming to his royall court, this surmounted all the rest. Ibid. p. 101. GRANDIOSE, grand, but rather with the idea of pomposity connoted. See extract s. v. BRONZIFY. "This word is so much needed that its being a mal- formation is the more to be deplored. We took it from the French, before whom, however, the Italians had educed grandioso from grandis, a- gainst all law " (Hall, Modern Eng- lish, p. 289). Mr. Urquiza entered first with a strut more than VLSVLS\\J ^grandiose. De Quincey, Spanish Nun, sect. xii. This attenuated journal had ... an alder- manic, portly, grandiose, Falstaffian title. Lytton, Caxtom, Bk. X. ch. vi. Hardly anything could seem more gran- diose, or fitter to revive in the breasts of men the memory of great dispensations by which new strata had been laid in the history of mankind. G. Eliot, Romola, ch. xxi. GRAND-LEET, great assembly. In the grand-leets and solemn elections of magistrates, every man had not prerogative alike. Holland, Livy, p. 25. GRAND-MASTER, chamberlain. See GREAT-MASTER. God is the great Grand-master of the king's house, and will take account of every one that beareth rule therein. Latimer, i. 93. GRAND-PANCH, a great-bellied fellow ; a gourmand. Our yrand-panches and riotous persons haue deuised for themselues a delicat kind of meat out of corn and grain. Holland, Pliny, xix. 4. GRANE, to strangle. And off set John, with all his might, To chase me down the yard, Till I was nearly gran'd outright, He hugg'd so woundy hard. Bloomjfreld, The Horkcy. GRANIER, garner. See GRAINER. That other, if he in his Granier stores What ever hath beene swept from Lybian flores. Heath's Horace, Ode I. GRANTLAND, Greenland. Vast Grantland, compassed with the frozen sea. Marlowe, 2 Tamburlaine, I. i. GRAPELET, a little grape. I hold Thy small head in my hand with its grape- lets of gold Growing bright through my fingers. Mrs. Browning, Rhapsody of Life's Progress. GRAPKRY, grape-house. She led the way to a little conservatory. and a little pinery, and a little grapery, and a little aviary. Miss Edyeirorth, Absentee, ch. vi. GRAPHTES, studies such as biography, clwlcography, &c. ISM'S, OLOOIES. Of. GRASPINGNESS ( 285 ) GRAVE Verbs, graphics, and, climax of intellectual misery, the multiplication table. L. E. Lon- don (Life by Blanchard, i. 49). GBASPINGNESS, rapacity ; covetous- ness. To take all that good-nature, or indulgence, or good opinion confers shews a want of moderation, and a graspingness that is un- worthy of that indulgence. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, i. 137. GRASPLESS, relaxed ; not grasping. From my graspless hand Drop friendship's precious pearls, like hour- glass sand. Coleridge, On a Friend. GRASS, to bury in the grass ; also to land a fish (on the grass). One arrow must be shot after another, though both be grast, and never found again. Socket, Life of Williams, ii. 20. "We'll away to Snowdon For our ten days' sport, Fish the August evening, Till the eve is past, Whoop like boys at pounders Fairly played aud grassed. C. Kingsley, 1856. Who amongst you, dear readers, can appre- ciate the intense delight of grassing your first big fish after a nine months' fast? Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xxxvi. GRASS. To give grass = to yield ; it was an ancient form by which a con- quered people yielded their soil to the victor. See Pliny, Nat. Hist., Bk. XXII. cap. iv. Speak, ye attentive swains that heard me late, Needs me give grass unto the conquerors ? Hall, Defiance to Envy, prefixed to Satires. GRASS. To let no grass grow under ones foot = to make haste, not to loiter. There hath grown no grasse on my heele since I went hence. Udal, Roister Doister, Hi. 3. Maistresse, since I went no grasse hath growne on my hele, But maister Tristram Trustie here maketh no speede. Ibid. iv. 5. Mr. Tulkinghoru . . is so good as to act as my solicitor, and grass don't grow under his feet, I can tell ye. Dickens, Bleak House, ch. xxxiii. GRASS. To pluck grass. See quot- ation. No man could pluck the grass better to know where the wind sat ; no man could spie sooner from whence a mischief did rise. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 16. GRASSANT, in progress ; in full swing. Latin, grassari. Those innovations aud mischiefs which are now grassant in England. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 183. Prejudices, as epidemical diseases, are grassant. North, Examen, p. 131. Can it be believed that a people ever were willing or consented that thieves, malefac- tors, and cheats everywhere grassant should have liberty to ravage and destroy at their pleasure 'i Ibid. p. 339. GRATIOBO, a favourite ; in Spanish = a buffoon. The Lord Marquess of Buckingham, then a great Gratioso, was put on by the Prince to ask the King's liking to this amourous adventure. Hacket, Life of Williams, i. 114. Our excellent Camden shifts in this an- swer for Queen Elizabeth's sake, whose affections were so strong to Robert. Earl of Leicester, that he knew not whether it were a synastria, a star which reigned at both their births, that made him a Gratioso to so brave a lady. Ibid. ii. 195. At length the Gracioso presented himself to open the scene. He was saluted on his first appearance with a general clap, by which I perceived that he was one of those spoiled actors in whom the pit pardons everything. Gil Bias, transl. by Smollet, Bk. VII. ch. vi. GRATDLANCE, pecuniary compliment or gratification ; a fee or bribe. Come, there is Some odd disburse, some bribe, some gratu- lance, Which makes you lock up leisure. Machin, Dumb Knight, Act V. GRATTJLANT, congratulating. The white-robed multitude of slaughtered saints At Heaven's wide-opened portals gratulant Receive some martyred Patriot. Coleridge, Destiny of Nations. GRAUNDCIES. The editor of the ffarl. Misc. suggests that this word is the same as craunces, used a little lower down in the same passage. See N. s. v. GRANTS. Such brooches, such bracelets, such graund- cies ... as hath almost made Euglande as full of proud foppries as Tyre and Sidon were. Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 419). GRAVAMENTS, representations, grava- mina. Mr. Novell shall deliver to you a bill of the gravaments of two or three of the fellows most given to good letters. Latimer to Cromwell, 1537 (Remains, p. 378). GRAVE " signifieth but an Enrle: but here it is vsurped for the chief GRA VE ( 286 ) GRECIAN captain Josuah " (marginal note in Sylvester). N. has the word, but only in connection with Maurice of Nassau, concerning whom, in addition to what is stated there, see Howell, Letters, I. iv. 15. "When with the rest of all his hoast, the Grave Marcheth amain to giue the town a braue, They straight re-charge him. Sylvester, The Captaines, 362. GRAVE. An involuntary shudder or shiver without apparent cause is popu- larly said to be caused by some one's walking over the grave (i. e., I suppose,' the ground that will hereafter form the grave) of the person so affected. Miss (shuddering). Lord, there's somebody walking over my grave. Sunft, Polite Con- versation (Conv. i.). Sometimes somebody would walk over my grave, and give me a creeping in the back, which, as far as I can find out, proceeded from not having my braces properly buttoned behind. H. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xxxi. GRAVE- FELLOW, the sharer of a grave. In Scripture we only meet with one Post- hume - Miracle, viz., the Grave -fellow of Elisha raised with the touch of his bones. Fuller, Worthies, Bucks (i. 135). GRAVEL. To gravel up = to choke up with gravel. O thou, the fountain of whose better part Is earth'd and gravell'd vp with vain desire. Quarles, Emblems, i. 7. GRAVELLED, stranded : now only used figuratively. See Trench, Select Glos- sary, 8. v. So long he drinks, till the black caravell Stands still fast gravelled on the mud of hell. Hall, Satires, III. vi. 14. GBAVE-MAN, sexton. The bold grave-man at the meeting Gave the rude clown so sound a beating, That he forsook his hop'd-for bride, While with his spade the conq'ror plied, Stroke after stroke, the seat of shame, "Which blushing Muses never name. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. 2. GRAVEPORER, one who pores or medi- tates on his grave, as having one foot in it already (?). Stanyhurst (jEn., iv. 641) calls Anchises ^Eneas's " bed red graueporer old syre." The original is confectum estate. GRAVET, a grave person ; one of weight ; pietate gravem. In this blooddye riot they soomgrauet haplye beholding Of geason pifctee, doo throng and greedelye listen. Stanyhurst, JZn,, i. 159. GRAY, to make gray. Thou hast ploughed Upon my face, canst thou undo a wrinkle, Or change but the complexion of one hair ? Yet thou hast aray'd a thousand. Shirley, Bird in a Cage, Act V. GREASE. To melt his grease = to perspire, to lose flesh, and so to pine away. Cotton (Burlesque upon Bur- lesque, p. 287) has ''melt my suet" with the same meaning. The adventurous Earl Henry of Oxford, seeming to tax the Prince of Orange of slackness to fight, was set upon a desperate work, where he melted his grease, and so, being carry 'd to the Hague, he died also. Howell, Letters, I. iv. 15. The day was exceedingly hot, and as the hungry hunters followed the chase with great ardour, Kubio ; s horse was overheated, aud, as the phrase was, melted his grease. Soutliey, The Doctor, ch. cxliv. GREAT, to aggrandise. O base ambition ! This false politick, Plotting to great himself, our deaths doth seek. Sylvester, The Lawe, 639. GREAT GO, the final examination at the University : the modern term is " greats." At school they never flogg'd him, At college, though not fast, Yet his little go and great go He creditably pass'd. Thackeray, King of Brentford's Testament. GREAT - MASTER, chamberlain. See GRAND-MASTER. I was very much troubled, even this time twelvemonth, when I was in commission with my Lord Great Master and the Earl of Southampton, for altering the Court of Aug- mentations. Gardiner to Duke of Somerset, 1547. GREATS, the final University examin- ation, or great go (slang). See extract s. v. SMALLS. GRECIAN, a gay fellow. " Merry as a Greek," was a proverb which has been corrupted into " merry as a grig.' 1 Amongst the horsemen whose curiosity had drawn them to hear Wildgoose was a well- booted Ch-ecian in a fustian frock and jockey cap. Graves Spiritual Quixote, Bk. XI. ch. xiv. GREDAL1NE ( 287 ) GREGS GREDALINE, some sort of stuff. (?). His love, Lord help us ! fades like my gredaline petticoat. Killiyreic, Parson's Wedding, ii. 4. GREE, favour. The word is illustrated in the Diets., but the following is a comparatively late instance of its use. History . . . (after the partial yree of the late authors) has been to all good purposes silent of him. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 6. GREEK. R., after noticing what N. says as to this word = boon companion, adds, "Latterly a Greek has been applied to a character of less openness ; not to a bon vivant, but to a gambler." " Lat- terly " is a vague term, but it was cer- tainly so used in 1528. In carde playinge he is a goode greke And can skyll of post and glyeke, Also a payre of dyce to trolle. Roy and Barlow, Rede me and be nott icrothe, p. 117. He was an adventurer, a pauper, a black- leg, a regular Greek. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xxxvi. GREEK, to imitate the Greeks ; grce- cari (ffor. Sat., II. ii. 11). The fashion referred to is that of emptying as many cups of wine as there were letters in the name of the reveller's mistress. Those were prouerbially said to Greeke it that quaft in that fashion. Sandys, Travels, p. 79. GREEN. This epithet is by metonymy applied to the flame that issues from green wood. For this humour beinge enkindled and sette on heate, maye well bee lykened to greene flame or as wet woode, which sendeth out nothing but stoare of thick moyst smoak. Touchstone of Complexions, p. 117. GREENERY, foliage ; shrubbery. And here were forests ancient as the hills, Enfolding sunny spots of greenery. Coleridge, Kubla Khan. Oh, the blessed woods of Sussex ! I can hear them still around me, With their leafy tide of greenery still rippling up the wind. Mrs. Browning, Lady Geraldine. The Archery Hall, with an arcade in front, showed like a white temple against the greenery on the northern side. G. Eliot, Deronda, ch. x. GREEN-FISH, cod. A peece of Greene-fish with sorrell sauce is no mean seruice in an ale-house. Breton, Wit's Trenchmour, p. 10. GREENIES, freshmen: the University spoken of is that of Leyden. It would not be convenient for me to enter minutely . . . into the course of our student's life from the time when he was entered among the Greeniesof this famous university, nor to describe the ceremonies which were used at his ungreening. Southey, The Doctor, ch. 1. GREENLESS, not green. But Beauty Gracelesse is a Saillesse Bark, A greenlesse Spring, a goodly lightk-s.se Room. Sylvester, Memorials of Mortalitie, st. 25. GREEN RUSHES, a salutation to a per- son whom the speaker had not seen for a long time. When guests were ex- pected fresh green rushes were strewed on the floor, before carpets came into use. Hence green rushes = You are quite a stranger, and must be so treated. Indeede, Doron, you saye well, it is long since wee met; . . . when you come you shall haue greene rushes, you are such a straunger. Greene, Menaphon, p. 85. Greene rushes! M. Francisco, it is a won- der to see you heere in this country. Breton, Merry Wonders, p. 5. GREENTH, greenness. See BLTJETH. I found my garden brown and bare, but these rains have recovered the greenth. Walpole, Letters, i. 304 (1753). Neatness and greenth are . . . essential in my opinion to the country. Ibid. iii. 320 (1769). GREGARY, ordinary; belonging to the qrex (?), or congregational (?). Hall is extolling the martyrs, &c. of the English Church in comparison with sectaries. Men that gave their blood for the Gospel, and embraced their fagots flaming, which many grec/ary professors held enough to carry cold and painless. Bp. Hall, Works, x. 270. GREGORIAN. The Gregorians were a society similar to the Freemasons. See N. and Q., II. vi. 273. Nor pass'd the meanest unregarded ; one Rose a Gregorian, one a Gormagon. Pope, Dunciad, iv. 576. There is scarce an individual, whether noble or plebeian, who does not belong to one of these associations, which may be compared to the free masons, gregoreans, and antigallicans of England. Smollett, France and Italy, Letter xxvii. GREGS, narrow breeches or tights. H. eays "wide, loose breeches," but GREMIAL ( '88 ) GRIPOLOUS the subjoined quotation does not agree with this. His breeches . . . were not deep and large enough, but round strait canuioned greys, having in the seat a piece like a keeling's tail, and therefore in French called de chausses a queue de merlus. Uryuhart's Rabelais, Bk. II. ch. vi. GREMIAL, one who resides in the bosom (gremio) of the University. A great Prelate in the Church did bear him no great good-will for mutual animosities betwixt them, whilest Gremials in the Uni- versity. Fuller, Worthies, Kent (i. 509). These things made him always cast a fa- vourable aspect upon the universities, . . . which the governors and the rest of the qremials very well knew. Strype, Cranmer, Bk. II. ch. vi. GREY-HOUND. The two following derivations of this word are worth preserving as curiosities. The first is from a Treatise on Eng. Dogs, by Dr. Caius, written in Latin, 1536, and trans- lated by A. Fleming, 1576. The Greyhound, called Leporarius, hath his name of this word Gre, which word soundeth Gradus in Latin, in English degree. Because among all dogs they are the most principal, occupying the chief place ; and being simply and absolutely the best of the gentle kind of hounds. Eng. Garner, iii. 264. I have no more to observe of these Grey- hounds, save that they are so called (being otherwise of all colours) because originally imployed in the huntjng of Grays ; that is, Brocks or Badgers. Fuller, Worthies (Lin- coln, ii. 4). GRIEF. To come to grief = to fail, die, meet with misfortune, &c. As for cominy to grief, old boy, we're on a good errand, I suppose, and the devil him- self can't harm us. C. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. xxi. GRIEFFULL, grievous ; melancholy. This word occurs in the Faerie Queen, VI. viii. 40. N. adds, ' Church says, ' This, if I mistake not, is a compound word of his own.' He did mistake, for it is used by other writers as early," and he quotes two passages from Sack- villes Ferrex and Porrex ; but the sub- joined is older stiil by about a quarter of a century. Soche pushes in the visages of men are angrie things and yrefful. Udafs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 79. GRIEFLY, indicative of grief. With dayly diligence and yriefly groans he wan her affection. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 154. GRIEVMENT, injury : a word perhaps invented for the rhyme. His battels won and great atchievments, Wounds, bruises, bangs, and other grievments. Ward, England's Reformation, cant. i. p. 90. GRIFFIN, freshman in Indian service. Pig-sticking is pretty very pretty, I may say, if you have two or three of the right sort with you: all the Ginfins ought to hunt together though. H. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xxviii. GRIFFINISH, griffin-like ; fierce. For me, thro' heathen ignorance perchance, Not having knelt in Palestine, I feel None of that yriffinish excess of zeal, Some travellers would blaze with here in France. Hood, Ode to Rae Wilson. GRILL, a gridiron. They have wood so hard that they cleave it into swords, and make grills of it to broil their meat. Cotton's Montaigne, ch. xxiv. GRILLATALPA, mole-cricket. Bats shrieked, and grillatalpas joined the sound. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 44. GRIM, to make grim. Bailly and his Feuillants, long waning like the moon, had to withdraw then, making some sorrowful obeisance, into extinction, or indeed into worse, into lurid half-light, grimmed by the shadow of that Red Flag of theirs. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. V. ch. viii. GRIND, hard work (slang). We lost him [the fox] after sunset, after the fiercest grind I have had this nine years. C. Kinysley, 1852 (Life, i. 275). GRINDER, a private tutor ; a coach : usually applied to one who crams pupils for a particular examination. Put him into the hands of a clever grinder or crammer, and they would soon cram the necessary portion of Latin and Greek into him. Miss Edyeworth, Patronage, ch. iii. GRIPE, a drain. L. has grip in this sense, with a quotation which speaks of it as a Scotch word. Up and down in that meadow for an hour or more did Tom and the trembling youth beat like a brace of pointer dogs, stumbling into gnpes and over sleeping cows. C. Kinysley, Tico Years Ago, ch. xxv. GRIPOLOUS, grasping ; avaricious. The labourer's hire cries in the gripolous landlord's hand. Adams, i. 213. What cosmopolite ever grasped so much wealth in his yripulous fist as to sing to him- self a Sufficit ?Hnd. i. 434. GUIPPINGNESS ( 289 ) GROPPLE GRIPPINGNESS, avarice. Bp. Hall has grippleness. One with an open-handed freedom spends all he lays his fingers on ; another with a logick - fisted grippingness catches at and grasps all he can come within the reach of. Rennet's Erasmus, f raise of Folly, p. 87. X GRIT, an American expression = sub- stance, pluck, staying-power, or the like. What a lovely girl she is ! and a real lady Vair noble the real genuine grit, as Sam Slick says, and no mistake. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. vi. Come and see the fighting, . . . and tell people what it's all really like. . . Come and give us the real genuine grit of it, for if you can't, who can? H. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xxiv. They came to a rising ground, not sharp, but long ; and here youth, and grit, and sober living told more than ever. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxi. GRIZEL, a meek woman, from the well-known story of Griselda. Tlie word in extract is not printed^with a capital letter. He had married five shrews in succession, and made grizels of every one of them before they died. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 15. GRIZZLE, a species of wig. Emerg'd from his grizzle, th' unfortunate prig Seems as if he was hunting all night for his wig. Anstey, New Bath Guide, Letter xi. Even our clergy when abroad moult their feather'd grizzles, cast off their pudding- sleeves, and put on white stockings, long swords, and bag-wigs. Colman, The Spleen, Act II. GROAT. Grey groat is used for something of no value, a brass farthing as we now say. I'll not leave him worth a grey groat. Marlowe, Jew of Malta, iv. 4. " It will be nonsense fining me," said An- drew, doughtily, "that hasna a grey groat to pay a fine wi' it's ill taking the breeks aff a Hielandman." Scott, Rob Roy, ii. 146. GROBIAN, a sloven. Let them be never so clownish, rude and horrid, Grolians and sluts, if once they be in love, they will be most neat and spruce. Burton, Anatomy, p. 530. Be sure that he who is a Grobian in his own company will sooner or later become a Grobian in that of his friends. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. ii. GROCERLY, belonging to the grocery trade. Yet never since Scandal drank bohea, Or sloe, or whatever it happen'd to be, For some grocerly thieves Turn over new leaves, Without much amending their lives or their tea; No, never since cup was fill'd or stirr'd Were such vile and horrible anecdotes heard. Hood, Tale of a Trumpet. GROG, to make into grog; to mix water with spirits. The Excise authorities found in a vault 135 empty spirit casks and 23 casks contain- ing weak spirit or grog. It was set forth for the prosecution that the defendants had "yrogyed " the casks by putting in hot water, and thereby had extracted 15 gallons of proof spirit on which duty had not been paid. In defence it was admitted that the casks had been "grogged," but it was urged that the defendants were not spirit dealers, and that when duty was paid upon the whisky as it left the bonded warehouse, those who bought it could do with it what they pleased. Lincoln, Rutland, and Stamford Mercury, March 8, 1878. GROGGY, shaky ; unsteady on the legs ; confused. He turned and gazed at Dolphin with the scrutinising eye of a veterinary surgeon. " I'll be shot if he is not groggy" said the Baron. Ingoldsby Legends (Grey Dolphin). " Since his last attack," Barnes used to say, " my poor old governor is exceedingly shaky, very groggy about the head." Thack- eray, JVewcomes, ch. xxix. GROIN, lust. They set the sign of the Cross over their outer doors, and sacrifice to their gut and their groin in their inner closets. B. Jonson, Discoveries (Impostura). GROMET. Those who were employed in servile offices on board ship, waiting on the seamen, &c., were called grum- metts : from Low Latin gromettus, the original of our groom. In Sussex an awkward boy is called a grummut. See Parish's Sussex Dialect; also N. and Q., I. i. 337, 358, where the following is quoted from Jeakes' Charters of the Cinque Ports, under date 1229. Servicia inde debita domino regi xxi naves, et in qualibet nave xxi homines, cum uno gar- done qui dicitur gromet. GROOMLESS, without a groom. St. Aldegonde . . was lounging about on a rough Scandinavian cob, as dishevelled as himself, listless and (/roomless. Disraeli, Lothair, ch. xxviii. GROPPLE, to grope. GROSSFULL ( 290 ) GRUB-PEGASUS The boys . . . had gone off to the brook to "grapple" in the brook for cray-fish. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xxx. GROSSFULL, gross. Let me heare My grossest faults as grosse-full as they were. Chapman, Revenge of Bussy D'Ambois, i. 2. GROSSIE, gross. "Wild-foule being more dainty and digest- able than Tame of the same kind, as spend- ing their grossie humours with their activity and constant motion in flying. Fuller, Worthies, Lincoln (ii. 2). GROUD, troubled (?) See H. s. v. GROW. Asses and such like beasts that can not stale or be groud and wrong in the bellie. Holland, Pliny, xx. 6. GROUND. To set on ground = to dis- comfit, to floor, to gravel. The Pharisees and Sadducees had no further end but to set Him on ground, and so to expose Him to the contempt of the people. Andrewes, v. 127. GROUND-FAST, sunk in the ground. In Yorkshire they kneel on a ground-fast stone and say All hail to the moon, all hail to thee, I prithee, good moon, reveal to me This night who my husband shall be. Defoe, Duncan Campbell, Introduction. GROUNDSILL, to put down a thresh- old. The milder glances sparkled on the ground, And yroundsttFd every door with diamond. Quarles, Emblems, v. 14. GROUPLET, little group. This multitudinous French people, so long simmering and buzzing in eager expectancy, begins heaping and shaping itself into or- ganic groups, which organic groups again hold smaller organic grouplets. Carlyle, Fr. Eev., Pt. I. Bk. IV. ch. ii. GROUTHEAD. H. says, "stupidly noisy (Sussex) ; also large or great- headed, stupid." We associate a large head with intellect, but perhaps the idea is not of length, as a long-headed man, or breadth, as in a broad forehead, but thickness blockheaded. The term occurs in the volley of abuse poured upon Gargantua's people by the cake- bakers of Lerne. It is difficult to say which of the two meanings given by H. it bears in that place, nor does the original help us to determine ; for, in this as in several other places, Urqu- hart in his translation has added con- siderably to the already copious vocabu- lary of Eabelais. Probably, however, it means stupidly noisy, being asso- ciated with gnatsnapper (see quotation s. v.). GROUZE, devour noisily : still in use in Lincolnshire. Like swine under the oaks, we grouze up the akecorns, and snouk about for more, and eat them too ; and when we have done, lie wrouting and thrusting our noses in the earth for more, but never lift up so much as half an eye to the tree that shed them. /Sanderson, iii. 187. GROVECROP, a grove : lucus is the word in the original. In town's myd center theare sprouted a groavecrop. Stanyhurst, jEn., i. 424. GROWL seems in the extract = to crawl. See CRAWL. He died of lice continually growling out of his fleshe, as Scylla and Herode did. UdaVs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 178. GROWLER, a cant name for a four- wheel cab. It will be seen that Udal uses growl = to craw r l ; this, however, is probably not the origin of the name ; it may perhaps refer to the creaking noise made by an ill-built vehicle, or to the murmurs of those inside evoked by the slowness of their progress. The London four-wheeled Cab, as actually existing, is one of the worst public vehicles in Europe ; and though, by a process of ex- tremely natural selection, the so - called " Growler" is gradually disappearing before the more genial Hansom, yet there are grave objections to urge against the Hansom itself. The four-wheeler, meanwhile, may already be looked upon as doomed beyond all chance of redemption. Standard, Nov. 7, 1879. GROYL, to growl ; in the second ex- tract = growler or mutterer. The Diets, give no example of growl earlier than Pope and Gay. His tusk grimlye gnashing, in seas far waltred he groyleth. Stanyhurst, ^En., iii. 678. Fame the groyl vngeutil then whom none swifter is extant. Ibid., JEn., iv. 179. GRUBBY, dirty. They look'd so ugly in their sable hides ; So dark, so dingy, like a grubby lot Of sooty sweeps or colliers, Hood, A Black Job. GRUB-PEGASUS. Grub Street was the abode of poor authors, and has become a recognized word in the language ap- GRUDGMENT GR YPHE plied to literary performances of in- ferior character. Swift, in the Intro- duction to his Tale of a Tub, coins the adjective Grubcean. Nor could I mount my Pad for a Day's journey, but strait some paultry poet, astride his Grub-Pegasus, wrote at me, or rode, and sent his Hue and Cry after me. Dr. Sicift's Real Diary, Dedic. (1715). GRUDGMENT, discontent. This, see, which at my breast I wear, Ever did (rather to Jacynth's yrudyment), And ever shall, till the Day of Judgment. Browning, Flight of the Duchess. GRUEL. One who is killed or other- wise punished is said to have got his gruel (slang). He gathered in general that they expressed great indignation agaiust some individual. " He shall have his gruel" said one. Scott, Guy Manneriny, i. 287. He refused, and harsh language ensued, "Which ended at length in a duel, "When he that was mildest in mood Gave the truculent rascal his gruel. Inyoldsby Legends (Sales in the Wood). GRUELLED, done; exhausted (slang). Wadham ran up by the side of that first Trinity yesterday, and he said that they were as well gruelled as so many posters before they got to the stile. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xii. GRUELLER, a thing hard to get over; a floorer or graveller (slang). This 25 of his is a grueller, and I learnt with interest that you are inclined to get the fish's nose out of the weed. I have offered to lend him 10. C. Kinqsley, Letter, May, 1856. GRUESOME, terrible ; also terrified ; shuddering. Awful and fearful have the same twofold meaning. What's in the Times? A scold At the Emperor deep and cold ; He has taken a bride To his gruesome side That's as fair as himself is bold. Browning, A Lovers' Quarrel. Nature's equinoctial night-wrath is weird, grewsome, crushing. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. iii. These trees, and pools, and lonesome rocks, and setting of the sunlight, are making a gruesome coward of thee. Ulackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. vii. GRUFFISH, rather gruff. See extract from Colman s. v. BAKER-KNEED. "How do you do?" said a short, elderly gentleman with a grujfish voice. Sketches by oz ( Watkins Tattle). GRUFT, to begrime. An' 'is nb'ase sa grufted wi' snuff es it couldn't be scroob'd awaay. Tennyson, Vil- lage Wife. GRUMBLES, grime ; dirt. "When these come once to stirring, and trouble overtaketh them, as sooner or later they must look for it, then the grumbles and mud of their impatience and discontent be- ginneth to appear, and becometh unsavoury both to God and man. Sanderson, i. 150. GRUMBLETONIAN, grumbler ; scolder. Father-in-law has been calling me whelp and hound this half year. Now, if I pleased, I could be so revenged upon the old grumble- tonian. Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer, Act I. GRUMBOL, a term of reproach ; grum = surly. Come, grumlol, thou shalt mum with us ; come, dog me, sneaksbill. Dekker, Satiro- mastix (Hawkins, Eng. Dr., iii. 174). GRUMNESS, sourness. "Well, Jack, by thy long absence from the town, the grumness of thy countenance, and the slovenliness of thy habit, I should give thee joy, should I not, of marriage? Wych- erley, Country Wife, I. i. GRUMPISH, cross : grumpy is more common. If you blubber or look grumpish, I'll have you strapped ten times over. Mrs. Trollope, Michael Armstrong, ch. vi. GRUNTER, a pig. The first quotation is part of a song full of gipsy cant words, but Scott and Tennyson use gntnter as an ordinary term for a pig. Here's grunter and bleater, with tib of the buttery, And Margery Prater, all dress'd without sluttery. Bromne, A Jovial Crew, Act II. A sort of lurcher, half mastiff, half grey- hound, . . ran limping about as if with the purpose of seconding his master in collecting the refractory grunters. Scott, Ivanhoe, i. 12. A draggled mawkin thou, That tends her bristled grunters in the sludge Tennyson, Princess, v. GRUTNOL, a term of abuse ; a great noil or head; a blockhead. See GROUT- HEAD. Noddy meacocks, blockish grutnols, doddi- pol-joltheads. Urquhart's Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxv. GRYPHE, hieroglyph (?) He appeals also to the laws of the land, that if such letters had come to him like Merlin's rhimes and Rosicrucian bumbast, that no law or practice directs the subject to U 2 GRYPHONESQUE ( 292 ) GUILLOTINEMENT bring such gryphes and oracles, but plain, literal, grammatical notions of libels, to a justice of peace, against a known and clearly decipher'd magistrate. Hacket, Life of Wil- liams, ii. 132. GRYPHONESQUE, griffin-like. Blanche had just one of those faces that might become very lovely in youth, and would yet quite justify the suspicion that it might become yryphonesque, witrh-like, and grim. Lytton, Caxtons, Bk. XVIII. ch. iii. GUARD. De Quincey says in a note, " I know not whether the word is a local one in this sense. What I mean is a sort of fender, four or five feet high, which locks up the fire from too near an approach on the part of chil- dren." The word is, I think, common all over England, and also designates the much smaller and slighter protec- tions used for fires in drawing-rooms, &c. My three sisters with myself sat by the firelight round the guard of our nursery. l)e (Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 13. GUBBAHAWN. When you can't catch salmon, you catch trout, and when you can't catch trout, you'll whip on the shallow for poor little yulla- hawns. C.Kingsley, Two Years Ayo,ch. xiii. GUBBE, lump ; same as gob, q. v. in L. A bodie thinketh hymself well emended in his substaunce and riches to whom hath happened some good ffubbe of money. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 14. GUDGEON. See L. s. v. for remarks on the voracity ascribed to this fish : the peculiarity in the extracts is the adjectival use of the word. This is a bait they often throw out to such gudgeon princes as will nibble at it. T. 'J3rown, Works, i. 90. In vain at glory gudyeon Boswell snaps. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 107. GUDGEONS, the rings that bear up the rudder of a ship. The extract is a portion of a comparison between the parts of a man's body and the parts of a ship. The keel is his back, the planks are his ribs, the beams his bones, the pintal and gudyeons are his gristles and cartilages. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 9. GUFFAW, a loud laugh. F. B. goes up to the draughtsman, looks over his shoulder, makes one or two violent efforts as of inward convulsion, and finally explodes in an enormous guffaw. Thackeray, A'eiccomes, ch. Ixv. A smile is allowable, but an intelligent smile tipped with pity, please, and not the empty guffaw of the nineteenth century jackass, burlesquing Bibles, and making fun of all things except fun. Eeade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Iii. GUGGLE, to catch in the throat, so as to impede clear speaking. An onoma- topoeous word. Something rose in my throat, I know not what, which made me for a moment guggle, as it were, for speech. Richardson, Cl. Har- lowe, vi. 305. All France is ruffled, roughened up (me- taphorically speaking) into one enormous, desperate-minded, red, guyyliny turkey-cock. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. IV. ch. iv. Dobbin . . fell back in the crowd, crow- ing and sputtering until he reached a safe distance, when he exploded among the aston- ished market-people with shrieks of yelling laughter. " Hwat's that gawky guggling about ? " said Mrs. O'Dowd. Thackeray, Vanity Fair, ch. xxviii. GUIDELESSNESS, want of guidance. Hast thou too to fight with poverty and guidelessness, and the cravings of an unsatis- fied intellect ? C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. ii. GUIERIE, deceit (?) Gue(fi'om French gueux) =& sharper, and is not peculiar to Brathivaites Honest Ghost, as N. supposed. See H. This pangue oryuierie of lone doth especi- ally aboue all others inuade and possesse soche persones as been altogether drouned in idlenesse. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 131. Metellus himself being of his mother's condicions, was veray light and mutable, and one that could none other but folowe euery sodain yuerie or pangue that shotte in his braine. Ibid. p. 341. GUILE. H. gives no example, but explains it " a guile of liquor, i. e. as much as is brewed at once." Thee best befits a lowly style, Teach Dennis how to stir the auile ; With Peggy Dixon thoughtful sit, Contriving for the pot and spit. Sirift, Panegyric on the Dean. GUILLIAN, a follower of William III. Grave bishops, barons, baronets, The Guillians, and the Jacobites. D'Urfey, Collin's Walk, cant. 3. GUILLOTINEMENT, death by guillotine. Phillipe Egalite, . . . before guillotinement, begat the present King of the French. Carlyle, Diamond Necklace, ch. ix. In this poor National Convention, broken, bewildered by long terror, perturbations, and GUINEA-PIG ( 293 ) GUN guillotinement, there is no pilot. Ibid., Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VII. ch. ii. GUINEA-PIG, a term of reproach. A good seaman he is as ever stept upon forecastle, and a brave fellow as ever crackt bisket none of your Guinea-pigs, nor your fresh-water, wishy-washy, fair-weather fowls. Smollett, Roderick Random, ch. xxiv. GUINEA-PIG, a name jocosely given to those whose fee is a guinea. The guinea-pig in the first extract was a veterinary surgeon. " Oh, oh," cried Pat, " how my hand itches, Thou guinea pig, in boots and breeches, To trounce thee well." Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. iv. Guinea-pigs. There is an order in the Anglican Church which bears a certain ana- logy to the mendicant friars of the middle ages. The members thereof are styled "guinea-pigs" and they are, for the most part, unattached or roving parsons, who will take any brother cleric's duty for the moder- ate remuneration of one guinea. Chicago Ch. Paper, quoted in Ch. Review, Jan. 2, 1880. GUIRE COVE, queer cove (?), i. e. a rogue. To nip a bounge is to cut a purse. You can lift, or nip a bounge, like a Guire Cove, if you want pence. Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 418). GUISE, to disguise, or dress up. To guise ourselues (like counter-faiting ape) To th' guise of men that are but men in shape. Sylvester, The Vocation, p. 192. Abb4 Maury did not pull ; but the char- coal men brought a mummer guised like him, and he had to pull in effigy. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. xi. GULE, gullet. H. has it = gluttony. There are many throats so wide and gules so gluttonous in England that they can swal- low down goodly Cathedrals. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 323. GULLERY, a pond for gulls. Two other instances of such inland gulleries exist in England. E. Trollope, Sleaford (1872), p. 58. GULLY. See quotation. " Can you tell me with what instruments they did it':"' "With fair gullies (gouets), which are little haulch-backed demi-knives, the iron tool whereof is two inches long, and the wooden handle one inch thick, and three inches in length." Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxvii. The poor simple bairn himsell . . . had nae mair knowledge of the wickedness of human nature than a calf has of a flesher's gully. Scott, St. Ronan's Well, i. 242. GULY, red : gules (Fr. gueules) is an heraldic term for that colour. Such poor drifts to make a national war of a surplice brabble, a tippet scuffle, and engage the untainted honour of English knighthood to unfurl the streaming red cross, or to rear the horrid standard of those fatal guly dragons for so unworthy a purpose. Milton, Ref. in Eng., Bk. II. GUM, chatter, or, as we still say, jaw. Pshaw ! pshaw ! brother, there's no occa- sion to bowss out so much unnecessary gum ; if you can't bring your discourse to bear on the right subject, you had much better clap a stopper on your tongue. Smollett, Pere- grine Pickle, ch. xiv. GUMMED, stiff or starched. We hate the stiff and gummed deportment of the Italian. Gentlcnan Instructed, p. 546. GUMPTIOUS, proud. " She holds her head higher, I think," said the landlord, smiling. " She was always not exactly proud like, but what I calls gumptious" " I never heard that word before," said the Parson, laying down his knife and fork. "Bumptious, indeed, though I believe it is not in the dictionary, has crept into familiar parlance, especially amongst young folks at school and college." " Bumptious is bumptious, and gumptious is gumptious," said the landlord, delighted to puzzle a parson. " Now, the town beadle is bumptious, and Mrs. Avenel is gumptious" " She is a very respectable woman," said Mr. Dale, somewhat rebukingly. " In course, sir ; all gumptious folks are ; they value themselves on their respectability, and looks down on their neighbours." Parson (still philologically occupied). Gumptious gumptious. I think I remember the substantive at school -^notthat my master taught it to me. " Gumption," it means cleverness. Landlord (doggedly). There's gumption and gumptious ! Gumption is knowing ; but when I say that sum un is gumptious, I mean though that's more vulgar like sum un who does not think small beer of hisself . Lytton, My Novel, Bk. IV. ch. xii. GUN. Son of a gun, a rather dis- respectful synonym for a " man." We tucked him in, and had hardly done When, beneath the window calling. We heard the rough voice of a son of a gun Of a watchman, " One o'clock " bawling. Ingoldsby Legends (Cynotaph, note). GUN. Great guns = great people. What great pieces hath he [the devil] had of bishops of Rome, which have destroyed whole cities and countries, and have slain GUN ( 294 ) G YTRASH and burnt many! What great guns were those ! Latimer, i. 27. GUN. Sure as a gun = quite sure. Ccmiers with his dagger a promising assassin ; the guns and firelocks dead-doing things ; as sure, they say, as a gun. North, Examen, p. 168. I laid down my basin of tea, And Betty ceased spreading the toast, " As sure as a gun, sir," said she, " That must be the knock of the post." Macaulay, Country Clergyman's Trip to Cambridge. GUNNEBESS, female gunner. The seized cannon are yoked with seized cart-horses : brown-locked Demoiselle Th<- roigne, with pike and helmet, sits there as yunneress. Curly le, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. VII. ch. v. GUBTIE. See extract. It staies the gurtie or running out of the belly in 4 footed beasts. Holland, Pliny, xx. 5. GUSHET, piece of armour in front of the arm-pit : the name survives in the gusset of a shirt. Then every man amongst them with a fair joy, and fine little country songs, set up a huge big post, whereunto they hanged . . . a horseman's mace, gushet-axmova (goussets) for the armpits, leg-harness, and a gorget. Urquharfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxvii. GUTLESS, disembowelled. The falcon (stooping thunder-like) With suddain souse her to the soyl shall strike, And with the stroak make on the senseless ground The gut-les quar once, twice, or thrice re- bound. Sylvester, Tlie Laice, 643. GUTLING, a glutton. N. has it, but only refers to Withal' s Diet. The poets wanted no sport the while, who made themselves bitterly merry with de- scanting upon the lean skulls and the fat paunches of these lazy gutlings. Sanderson, iii. 106. GUTS. To have guts in the brains = to have sense. Quoth Ealpho, Truly that is no Hard matter for a man to do That has but any guts in 's brains. Hudibras, I. iii. 1091. His brother boars, I presume, will have more guts in their brains for the future than to pick a quarrel with such as preserve their lives. T. Brown, Works, i. 278. The fellow's well enough, if he had any guts in his brains. Stcift, Polite Conversation (Coiiv. i.). GUY, a figure stuffed with straw carried about by boys on Nov. 5, to represent Guy Fawkes : the effigy is afterwards burnt. Any odd-looking, ugly, or ill-dressed person is sometimes called a guy. Once on a fifth of November I found a Guy trusted to take care of himself there, while his proprietors had gone to dinner. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, xxi. GUZZLE, drink. The Diets, give this substantive as meaning an insatiable person, also a ditch or drain. Where [have you] squander'd away the tiresome minutes of your evening leisure over seal'd Winchesters of threepenny guzzle? T. Brown, Works, ii. 180. GUZZLER, excessive drinker. Being an eternal guzzler of wine, his mouth smelt like a vintner's vault. T. Brown, Works, iii. 265. GYN^ECEUM, the woman's part of the house ; the harem. Women up till this Cramp'd under worse than South-Sea isle taboo, Dwarfs of the gynecteum, fail so far In high desire. Tennyson, Princess, iii. GYNETHUSIA, sacrifice of women. The traces of a kind of Suttee gynethusia, as it has been termed may be looked for in the earlier tombs of the ancient Britons. Archaol., xlii. 188 (1868). GYNOPHAGITE, woman-eater. He is worse than Polyphemus, who was only an Anthropophagos ; he preys upon the weaker sex, and is a Gynopliagite. Lytton, My Novel, Bk. III. ch. xxii. GYP, the Cambridge term for a college- servant ; in Oxford called a scout. Where's your portmanteau ? Oh, left it at the Bull ? Ah, I see ; very well, we'll send the gyp for it in a minute. C. Kings- ley, Alton Locke, ch. xii. GYBEFUL, revolving ; encircling. In the original, ^En., viii. 432, sequacibus. Theyre labor boat they folow ; toe the flame fits yyrefid awarding. Stanyhurst, Conceites, p. 138. GYTBASH. See extract. I remembered certain of Bessie's tales, wherein figured a North-of-Eugland spirit, called a " Gytrash ; " which, in the form of horse, mule, or large dog, haunted solitary ways, and sometimes came upon belated travellers. C. If route, Jane Eyre, ch. xii. HABASSIA ( 295 ) HAG H HABASSIA, Abyssinia. Thro' all the huge continent of Afric, which is estimated to be thrice bigger than Europe, there is not one region entirely Christian but Habassia or Ethiopia. Howell, Letters, ii. 9. HABASSIN, an Abyssinian. Hee made Prester John an African, and placed him in Ethiopia, in the Habassins countrey. Howell, Instructions for Forraine Travell, sect. xii. HABEBDASHEBESS, female huckster. Thalestris the Amazonian ... is here be- come a haberdaskeress of small wares. T. Brown, Works, ii. 272. HABILABLE, capable of being clothed. Teufelsdrockh hastens from the Tower of Babel to follow the dispersion of mankind over the whole habitable and habilable globe. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. I. ch. v. HABILATOBY, having to do with habiliments or garments. A small French hat . . was set jauntily in the centre of a system of long black curls, which my eye, long accustomed to penetrate the arcaiia of habilatory art, discovered at once to be a wig. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Ixxix. For indeed is not the dandy culottic, habilatory, by law of existence ; a cloth- animal ; one that lives, moves, and has his being in cloth ? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. VII. ch. ii. HABITUARY, habitual. Too well he knew how difficult a thing it was to invert the course of Nature, especially being confirm'd by continuance of practice, and made habituary by custom. Hist, of Edward II., p. 3. HACK AND MANGER = rack and manger, q. v. Hack or HecTc = rack is used in Lincolnshire, as well as in Scotland. See Peacock's Manley and Corringham Glossary (E. D. S.). The servants at Lochmarlie must be living at hack and manyer. Miss Ferrier, Marriage, ch. xxvi. Six stout horses . . had been living at heck and manger. Ibid., Inheritance, ii. 237. HACKLET, or HAGLET, a sea-bird. The land -birds are left; gulls, haglets, petrels, swim, dive, and hover around. Emerson, English Traits, ch. ii. Below them, from the Gall - rock, rose a thousand birds, and filled the air with sound ; the choughs cackled, the hacklets wailed, the great black-backs laughed querulous defiance at the intruders. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. xx.xii. BACKLOG, a chopping-block. Out of my own earliest newspaper reading I can remember the name Vetus as a kind of editorial hacklog on which able editors were wont to chop straw now and then. Carlyle, Life of Sterling, Pt. I. ch. iii. HACKNEY, a hackney coach. To dinner by a hackney, my coachman be- ing this day about breaking of my horses to the coach. Pepys, Dec. 14, 1668. I would more respect a General without attendance in a hackney, that has oblig'd a nation with a peace, than him who rides at the head of an army in triumph, and plunges it into an expensive war. Gentleman In- structed, p. 195. Nay, now, from what he saw last night, The Doctor thought that Pat was right, Who soon the traveling baggage bore Straight to the hackney at the door. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. iv. HADLAND, a man who has owned land and lost it. Davies, in a note to one of his Commendatory Poems, p. 3, says, "Few Hadlands take pleasure to behold the land they had." They dub him " Sir John had Land " before they leave him, and share, like wolves, the poore novice's welth betwixt them as a pray. Greene, Quip for an Upstart Courtier, 1592 (Harl. Misc., v. 405). HAKT, to drive up to the haft or hilt. This mye blade in thye body should bee with speedines hafted. Stanyhurst, Conceites, p. 143. HAG, hake, or poor John (?). The hot pebbles at high-tide mark . . . are beautifully variegated with mackerels' heads, gurnets' fins, old hag, lob-worm, and mussel- baits. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. ii. HAG. See extract. The brokers of these coals are called crimps ; the vessels they load their ships with at Newcastle, Keels ; and the ships that bring them, Cats, and Hags or Hag- boats, Fly-boats, and the like. Defoe, Tour thro' G. .Britain, ii. 144. HAG, now always applied to a female, but Byron says to Labrosse Curst be thy throte and soule, Rauen, Schriech-owle, hag. Chapman, Byron's Con- spiracie, Act III. HAG, TAG, AND RAG ( 296 ) HALCYON And so he stopt, but swelling with such pride, As if his braine would haue with poison burst, To whom the pilgrime presently replied, Avauut, foule fiende, and monster most accurst ; Thou hate of heauen, and greatest hagge of hell, What wicked tale hast thou presumde to tell? Breton, Pilgrimage to Paradise, p. 11. HAG, TAG, AND RAG, rabble. Tag, rag, and bobtail is the usual expression. See N. s. v, TAG. H. gives "Hag, idle disorder. Somersetshire." Than was all the rable of the shippe, hag, toy, and rag, called to the reckeniuge, rushe- linge together as they had bene the cookes of helle with their great Cerberus. Voca- ci/on of Johan Bale, 1553 (Harl. Jlisc., vi. 459). HAGWEED, besom-weed, q. v. For awful coveys of terrible things, With forked tongues and venomous stings, On hat/weed, broomsticks, and leathern wings, Are hovering round the hut. Hood, Hie Forge. HAIR, to catch ; to draw as by a hair. Those who wish for what they have not forfeit the enjoyment of what they have ; when they desire eagerly they hope too fast, and are haired by fear. Gentleman Instructed, p. 218. HAIR. To take a hair of the dog that bit one = to take a dram when suffering from the effects of over- drinking; sometimes applied to other homoeopathic proceedings. In the Life of Sister Dora a case is mentioned of a patient bitten by a dog, who had literally plastered the sore with some hairs of the animal. The first extract is given in Peacock's Manley and Cor- ringham Glossary (E. D. S.). But be sure, over night if this dog do you bite, You take it henceforth for a warning, Soon as out of your bed, to settle your head, Take a hair of his tail in the morning. Hilton, Catch that Catch can ^1652). Lady Sin But, Sir John, your ale is terribly strong and heady in Derbyshire, and will soon make one drunk and sick ; what do you then ? Sir J. Why, indeed it is apt to fox one, but our way is to take a hair of the same dog next morning. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). Elsley need not be blamed for pitying her [Italy] ; only for holding with most of our poets a vague notion that her woes were to be cured by a hair of the dog who bit her ; viz., by homoeopathic doses of that same " art " which has been all along her morbid and self-deceiving substitute for virtue and industry. Kinysley, Two Years Ago, ch. x. HAIR. Both of a hair = both alike. For the pedlar and the tinker, they are two notable knaves, both of a haire, and both cosen-germaines to the devill. Greene, Quip for Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 417). HAIRBUSH, head of hair. A certeyn lightning on his headtop glistered harmelesse, His crisp locks frizeling, his temples prittelye stroakiug, Heer with al in trembling with speede wee ruffled his hearebush. Stanyhurst, JEn., ii. 711. HAIRLET, a little hair. A stronger lens reveals to you certain tiniest hairlets. G. Eliot, Middleware^, Bk. I. ch. vi. HAIRPATCH, hair-cloth (?). They affirm these hyperthetical or super- lative sort of expressions and illustrations are too bold and bombasted ; and out of tliat word is spun that which they call our fustian, their plain writing being stuff nothing so substantial, but such gross sowtege or hair- patch as every goose may eat oats through. Chapman, Iliad, xiv. (Comment.). HAIR-SPLITTER, one who makes very nice or minute distinctions. It is not the cavilling hair- splitter, but, on the contrary, the single - eyed servant of truth, that is most likely to insist upon the limitation of expressions too wide or too vague. De Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 61. HAKE, a weapon of some kind. H. says "a small hand-gun." He said we must Paul's swerde now take, Splay the banner, strike vp the droonie, Fall to array, pike and halfe hake, Play now the men, the time is come. T. E., 1555 (Maitland's Ref., p. 159). HAKE, a sliding pothook. On went the boilers, till the hake Had much ado to bear 'em. Hlooinfield, The Horkey. HALCYON, calm ; quietude. The word is often used adjectivally in this sense, halcyon days, &c., but the substantive is usually applied to the bird only. He has been here these two hours, courting the mother for the daughter, I suppose, yet she wants no courting neither : 'tis well one of us- does, else the man would have nothing but halcyon, and be remiss and saucy of course. Richardtoit, Cl. Jlarloire, ii. 4. All is halcyon and security. Ibid. iii. 355. HALF ( 297 ) HAMMER HALF, a term at school : there are usually three halfs in the year. It ... has completely stopped the boats for this half. Sir G. C. Leiris, Letters, p. 3. HALF-BAKED, raw ; inexperienced ; silly. " Ephraim is a cake not turned " (Hosea vii. 8). Cf. DOUGH-BAKED. He must scheme forsooth, this half-baked, Scotch cake ! He must hold off and on, and be cautious, and wait the result, and try con- clusions with me, this lump of natural dough ! Scott, St. Ronans Well, ii. 221. He treated his cousin as a sort of harmless lunatic, and, as they say in Devon, half- baked. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. iii. " Clever ? " "A sort of half-baked body," said Heale. Ibid., Two Years Ayo, ch. iv. HALF-BAPTIZED, applied by the ignor- ant to a child who has heen privately baptized ; it is also used of a person deficient in knowledge or acuteness. In the extract from Southey it means half-Christian. Irish kernes, Ruffians half-clothed, half-human, half-bap- tized. Southey, Joan of Arc, Bk. ii. " Can such things be ? " exclaimed the astouished Mr. Pickwick. " Lord bless your heart, sir," said Sam, " why where was you half-baptized that's nothin', that aint." Pickwick Papers, ch. xiii. " And now about business," said the beadle, taking out a leathern pocket-book: "the child that was half-baptized, Oliver Twist, is nine years old to-day." Oliver Ttrist, ch. ii. " If you please, sir, will you be so good as to half-baptize the baby ? " " Oh, certainly, but which half of him am I to baptize ? " Parish, Diet, of Sussex Dialect, 1875, s. v. HALFLING, halfpenny, i. e. a penny cut in half, for halfpennies were not coined until the time of Edward I., A.D. 1279. " I warrant thee store of shekels in thy Jewish scrip." " Not a shekel, not a silver penny, not a haljliny, so help me the God of Abraham ! " said the Jew, clasping his hands. Scott, Ivanhoe, i. 76. HALF-SAVED. See quotation. William Dove's was not a case of fatuity. Though all was not there, there was a great deal. He was what is called half-saved. Some of his faculties were more than ordin- arily acute, but the power of self-conduct was entirely wanting in him. Southey The Doctor, ch. x. HALF-SQUARE, a term in timber-mea- suring, fully explained in an extract from Lei/bourn s Complete Surveyor, 1674, given in Lord Braybrooke's note. Pepys in his Diary wrote by mistake off square. Mr. Deane of Woolwich and I rid into Waltham Forest, and there we saw many trees of the King's a-hewing ; and he showed me the whole mystery of off-square, wherein the King is abused in the timber that he buys, which I shall with much pleasure be able to correct. Pepys, Aug. 18, 1662. HALF-THICK, a sort of stuff. I followed this Post-road from Liverpool to Bury, both manufacturing towns in Lan- cashire, and the last very considerable for a sort of coarse goods called Half-thicks and Kersies. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, iii. 135. HALIFAX LAW, or INQUEST. See HOLY- FAX. HALL. This word is often used in the sense of place with some other prefixed which defines it : thus Liberty Hall = a place where every one can do as he likes. Met you with Ronca? 'tis the cunning'st nimmer Of the whole company of cutpurse hall. Albumazar, iii. 7. Beat down their weapons ! my gate ruffians' hall ! What insolence is this ! Massinyer, City Madam, i. 2. Gentlemen, pray be under no restraint in this house ; this is Liberty-hall, gentlemen ; you may do just as you please here. Gold- smith, Slie Stoops to Conquer, Act II. " Bachelors' Hall, you know, cousin," said Mr. Jonas to Charity. " I say, the other one will be having-a laugh at this when she gets home, won't she ? " Dickens, M. Chuz- zleu-it. ch. xi. HALO, to surround with a halo. His grey hairs Curl'd, life-like, to the fire, That haloed round his saintly brow. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. ix. I wiped my tears and hushed my sobs, fearful lest any sign of violent grief might waken a preternatural voice to comfort me, or elicit from the gloom some haloed face bending over me with strange pity. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. ii. HALPER, to haggle (?). Thereuppon they broke off ; the one urg- ing that he had offered it him so before, and the other that hee might have tooke him at his proffer, which since he refused, and now hafperd with him, as he eate up the first, so would he eate up the second. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 172). HAMMER, German ammer = bunt- ing ; so yellow-hammer = yellow HAMMER ( 298 ) HANDJAR bunting. Does " hammer of the right feather " = bird of the right feather ? S'light I euer tooke thee to be a hammer of the riyht feather, but I durst haue layed my life no man could euer haue . . . cramd such a gudgeon as this downe the throate of thee. Chapman, Mons. D'Olive, Act IV". HAMMER AND TONGS, violently. The noise you ladies have been making, Mrs. Gamp! "Why these two gentlemen have been standing on the stairs outside the door, nearly all the time, trying to make you hear, while you were pelting away hammer and tongs. Martin Chuzzlewit, ch. xlix. Mr. Malone, howling like a demon, and horribly drunk, followed by thirty or forty worse than himself, dashed out of a doorway close by, and, before they had time to form line of battle, fell upon them liammer and tonys. H. Kinysley, Ravenshoe, ch. Ix. HAMMER - CLOTH, cloth (originally a skin, A.S. hama, a skin) thrown over a coach-box. See L. s. v. The sub- joined is given as an early instance of the word. Hamer clothes, with our arms and badges of our colours,and all other things apperteininge unto the same wagon. Document temp. Q. Mary, i. (Archaol., xvi. 91). HAMPERED, loaded with hampers. Cf . PANNIERED. One ass will carry at least three thousand such books, and I am persuaded you would be able to carry as many yourself, if you were well hampered. Bailey's Erasmus, p. 325. HAMPER UP, to conclude ; put the finish to ; pack up. Well, Lord of Lincoln, if your loves be knit, And that yaur tongues and thoughts do both agree, To avoid ensuing jars, I'll liamper up the match. I'll take my portace forth, and wed you here. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 162. HANCKLE, to fasten tightly. A third sort . . . walk not soberly, and uprightly, and orderly in their calliug, like an unruly colt that will over hedge and ditch ; no ground will hold him, no fence turn him. These would be well fettered and side-hanclfled for leaping. Sanderson, iii. 93. HAND. See quotation. Flitches of bacon and hands (i. e. shoulders) of pork, the legs or hams being sold, as fetching a better price) abounded. Mrs. Gaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. iv. HAND. To stand in hand = to con- Let their enemies know then that they have to deal with God, not with them ; it is His cause rather than theirs ; they but His agents. It standeth Him in hand, it toucheth Him in honour. Andrewes, iv. 14. HANDBOOK, a manual (Germ, hand- buch). This word, now so common, does not seem to be as old as the cen- tury. A writer in N. and Q. mentions ' ' A Handbook for modelling wax flowers." published in 1814. Sir H. Nicolas, however, in 1833, thought the word too exotic to appear in the title of his work. No labour has been spared to render the volume what the Germans would term, and which, if our language admitted of the ex- pression, would have been the fittest title for it, The Hand-ook of History. Nicolas, Chronol. of Hist. (Preface). HANDFAST, close-fisted. Some will say women are covetous: are not men as handfast ? Breton, Praise of Vertuons Ladies, p. 57. HAND-FAST-MAKER, marriage-maker ; in extract, translation of pronuba. Britona, hand-fast-maker shee, All clad in Laurell greene. Holland's Camden, p. 388. HAND-GRIPE, seizure by the hand ; close struggle. H. and L. have handy- gripes. See quotation s. v. QUARTER- STROKE. Hee that both globes in His own hand-gripe holds. Sylvester, Panaretus, 1258. The last man of France, who could have swayed these coming troubles, lay there at hand-ijrips with the unearthly power. Car- lyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. III. ch. vii. HAND-GYVE, to manacle. A poor Legislative, so hard was fate, had let itself be hand-ayved. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. I. ch. i. HANDICAP, a game, which is described at length in N. and Q., 1st S., xi. 491. Here some of us fell to handicap, a sport that I never knew before, which was very good. Pepys, Sept. 18, 1660. HANDJAR, a dagger: it would be more correctly written khan - djar : the word is used in Arabic, Turkish, Persian, and Hindustani. A vast crowd of men in small caps and jackets and huge white breeches, and armed with all the weapons of Palikari, handjars and yataghans, and silver - sheathed muskets of uncommon length, and almost as old as the battle of Lepanto, always rallied round his standard. Disraeli, Lothair, ch. Ixxiii. HANDKERCHIEF ( 299 ) HANGING HANDKERCHIEF, to wipe the eyes ; to use a handkerchief. The servants entering with the dinner, we hemmed, handkerchiefed, twinkled, took up our knives and forks. Riclutrdson, Grandi- son, ii. 180. HANDLE. A person of title is said to have a handle to his name. Lord Highgate had turned to me : " There was no rudeness, you understand, intended, Mr. Peudennis; but I am down here on some business, and don't care to wear the handle to my name. Fellows work it so, don't you understand? Never leave it at rest in a country town." The Newcomes, ch. Ivii. HANDMAID, to act as an attendant. Intolerable is the pride of natural philoso- phy, which should handmaid it to Divinity, when once offering to rule over it. Fuller, Hist, of Camb. Univ., Ep. Ded. HANDS. To hold up hands = to give in ; either from holding up the hands in supplication, or to show that there is no weapon in them, and no further resistance intended. I yield vnto you this noble victorie, and hold vp my handes. Traheron, Au7iswere to a privie Papiste, 1558, Sig. B. iii. HANDSAW. All the world to a hand- saw = a thousand to one ; almost cer- tain. 'Tis all the world to a handsaw but these barbarous Rascals would be so ill-manner'd as to laugh at us as confidently as we do at them. Cotton, Scarronides, Preface. HAND-SMOOTH, quite flat, so that the hand could pass over it without en- countering any obstacle. His soldiours (although it were then a greate raine to leat theim) sodainly with all their might assailing the campe of their enemies, wonne it, and beate it downe hande smoothe. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 313. HANDSOMEISH, rather handsome. He is a fine, jolly, hearty, handsomeish man. Richardson, Grandison, vi. 334. HANDSPEAR, a short spear. There was another manner of striking the bull in the face with short spears, to the which went divers lords and gentlemen very well mounted, their pages following them with divers hand-spears for that purpose. Journey^ of E. of Nottingham, 1605 (Harl. Misc., iii. 441). HAND TO FIST, heartily or continu- ously. His landlord did once persuade him to drink his ague away ; and thereupon going to the alehouse an hour or two before it was come, they set hand to fist and drunk very desperatly. Life of A. Wood, March 4, 1652. Honest Frank ! many, many a dry bottle have we crack'd hand to fist. Farquhar, Re- cruiting Officer, Act III. HANDY COMBAT, hand-to-hand fight. Her foes from handle combats cleane desist ; Yet still incirkling her within their powers From farre sent shot, as thick as winter's showers. G. Markham, Tragedie of Sir R. Grinuile, p. 76. HANDY-CUFFS, blows. His rhetoric and conduct were at perpetual handy-cuffs. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, ii. 206. HANDYLABOUR, manual labour. Eobert Abbat of Molisime per- swaded his owne disciples to live with their handylabour, to leave Tithes and Oblations unto the Priests that served in the Diocese. Holland's Camden, ii. 110. HANE. N. gives this word with a quotation from Sandys s Travels, and adds, " I presume inns or caravanserais ; perhaps a Turkish word." The follow- ing passage puts the meaning assigned out of doubt. They [Turks] are great founders of hospi- talls, of Hams to entertain travellers, of bridges, &c. Hoicell, Instructions for For- raine Travell (Appendix). HANG, a clump of weeds hanging together (?). It might be a hassock of rushes ; a tuft of the great water-dock ; a dead dog ; one of the " hanys " with which the club-water was studded, torn up and stranded ; but yet to Tom it had not a canny look. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xxv. HANGABLE, liable to be hung. By Acts of Parliament and Statutes made in the reign of Henry VIII. and his two daughters, all those people calling them- selves Bohemians or Egyptians are hangable as felons at the age of 14 years, a month after their arrival in England, or after their first disguising themselves. Misson, Travels in Eng., p. 122. HANGER, handle. On pulling the hanger of a bell, the great door opened. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 225. HANGING, unfixed ; shifting. Some of the Inhabitants are of opinion that the land there is hollow and hanging ; yea, and that, as the waters rise, the same also is heaved up. Holland's Camden, p. 690 HANGING-SLEEVES ( 300 ) HARATEEN HANGING-SLEEVES, strips of the same piece as the dress or gown hanging down behind, like the leading-strings on an undergraduate's gown. In the extract it = backstring, q. v., which Cowper associates with the bib. Bellarmine and others do [excuse] the Popes pristine submission to the Emperours by reason of their minority, being then in their bibs and hanging-sleeves. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 580. HANG OUT, to reside (slang). " I say, old boy, where do you hang out ? " Mr. Pickwick replied that he was at present suspended at the George and Vulture. Pickwick Papers, ch. xxx. I've found two rooms at Chelsea, not many hundred yards from my mother and sisters, and I shall soon be ready to hang out there. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. xxxvii. HANG - STRING, a term of reproach implying that the person to whom it is applied is likely to hang on a string from the gallows. Cf. CRACKROPE, GALLOWS - STRING. In the extract Japhet is not the son of Noah, but lapetus. A child, thou little Rakehell thou ! A pretty child thou art, I trow ; Older than Japhet, little Hang-string, Tho' one might wear thee iu his Band-string. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, 179. HANGUM TUUM. This phrase evi- dently = punishment by hanging. Probably there is some story belonging to it. Tom. They shall not come and rob him by a strong hand. Will. They durst hardly do that ; for then it had come to hangum-tuum. Dialogue on Oxford Parliament (Harl. Misc., ii. 127). HANG-WORTHY, worthy to be hung. Rebels, whose naughtier minds could not trust so much to the goodness of their prince, as to lay their hang-icorthy necks upon the constancie of his promised pardon. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 426. HANK FOR HANK, on equal terms ? knot for knot ? Hanks are wooden rings fixed on the ship's stays, but I do not suppose there is any reference to these. I thought it best to take a bargain in this stout ship, which I knew to be as good a sea-boat as ever turned to windward, and able to go hank for hank with anything that swims the sea. Johnston, Chri/sal., ii. 189. HANSOM, a two-wheeled cab, so called from the inventor, open in front ; the driver's seat is behind the cab, the reina being passed over the roof. See extract s. v. GROWLER. He hailed a cruising hansom, which he had previously observed was well horsed ; " 'Tis the gondola of London," said Lothair, as he sprang in. Disraeli, Lothair, ch. xxvi. She did indeed glance somewhat nervously at the hansom into which Lavender put her, apparently asking how such a tall aud narrow two-wheeled vehicle could be prevented toppling over. Black, Princess of Thtde, ch. x. HAPPIFY, to make happy. This Prince unpeerd for Clemency and Courage, Justly surnam'd the Great, the Good, the Wise, Mirour of Future, Miracle of Fore- Age, One short mishap for ever hanpifies. Sylvester, Henry the Great, 642. HAPPY, to make happy. By th' one beehappied his own soule with rest, By th' other also, hee his People blest. Sylvester, St. Lewis, 75. They happy That that is insensible. Davies, Humour's Heauen on Earth, p. 48. HAPPY-GO-LUCKY, casual, unpremedit- ated, careless. See quotation s. v. neer-do-weel. In the first extract it is an exclamation = all right. If I get into Mrs. Martha's quarters you have a hundred more: if into the widow's fifty : happy-go-lucky. Wycherley, Love in a Wood, I. i. The first thing was to make Carter think and talk, which he did in the hapjty-go-lucky way of his class, uttering nine mighty simple remarks, aud then a bit of superlative wisdom, or something that sounded like it. Eeade, Never too late to mend, ch. xv. HARASSMENT, worry. Little harassments ... do occasionally molest the most fortunate. Lytton, Pelhatn, ch. Ixiii. I have known little else than privation, disappointment, unkindness, and harassment. L. E. London (Life of Blanchard, i. 56). HARATEEN, a sort of stuff. Syrnpson in his edition of Beaumont and Fletcher (1750), says that Philip and Cheyney, q. v., is "a sort of stuff at present in common use, but goes now by the appellation of harrateen" You never saw such a wretched hovel, lean, unpainted, and half its nakedness barely shaded with harateen stretched till it cracks. Wafpole, Letters, ii. 4 (1756). Thick harateen curtains were close drawn round the bed. Smollett, Sir L. Greaves, ch. HARBOUR ( 301 ) HARLEQUINADE HAEBOUR, to trace home, to earth. I have in this short time made a great progress Towards your redress ; I come from harbour- ing The villains who have done you this affront. Tuke, Adventures of Five Hours, Act III. HARDBEAM, hornbeam. See H. Birche, hardbeme, some ooke, and some asshe, beynge bothe stronge ynoughe to stande in a bowe, and also lyght ynoughe to flye far, are best for a meane. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 125. HARD-BITTEN, weather-beaten. Tardrew . . . was a shrewd, hard - bitten choleric old fellow, of the shape, colour, and consistence of a red brick. Kinysley, Two Years Ayo, ch. ii. HARD - EDGE, at hard edge = with naked weapons or in serious conflict ; without the gloves, as the boxer might say. By all that's good, I must myself sing small in her company ; I will never meet at hard-edge with her ; if I did (and yet I have been thought to carry a good one) I should be confoundedly gapped. Richardson, Gran- dison, i. 120. HARDEN, inferior flax. Cf. HARDS, HERDEN. A shirt he had made of coarse harden, A collar-band not worth a farthing. Ward, England's Reformation, c. ii. p. 235. HARD-HEADED, sensible ; matter-of- fact. Mrs. Dickens is, in Mrs. Thrale's phrase, a sensible hard-headed woman. Mad. VAr- llay, Diary, i. 261. HARDISH, hard ; the word now means rather hard, as in the second quotation, but not so in the first. And for my pillow stuffed with down, The hardish hillocks have sufficed my turn. Greene, Alphonsus, Act IV. "You are a cruel hard-hearted woman," sobbed Margaret. " Them as take in hand to guide the weak need be hardish." Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. Ixxix. HARDS, the refuse of flax. No such yron-fisted Ciclops to hew it out of the flint, and run thorow any thing, as these frost-bitten crab-tree fac't lads spunne out of the hards of the towe, which are donsel Herring's lackeys at Yarmout every fishing. Nashe's Lenten Stuffe (Sari. Misc., vi. 161). "What seems to you so easy and certain is to me as difficult as it would be to work a steel hauberk out of hards of flax. Scott, Fair Maid of Perth, i. 97- HARD UP, poor ; at the end of one's resources. He returned, and being hard up, as we say , took it into his head to break a shop-window at Liverpool, and take out some trumpery trinket stuff. Th. Hook, The Sutherlands. [He] produced a specimen of his hand- writing, and gave her to understand that he was in want of copying work to do, and was, not to put too fine a point upon it, hard up. Dickens, Bleak House, ch. xi. HARE. To hunt for hares with a tabor = to engage in a hopeless task the noise of the tabor of course giving the hare good warning. The poore man that gives but his bare fee, or perhaps pleads in formd pauperis he hunt- eth for hares icith a taber, and gropeth in the darke to find a needle in a botle of hay. Greene, Quip for an Upstart Courtier (Harl. Misc., v. 407). HAREBRAIN, a silly or flighty person. See extract s. v. NIDDIPOL ; the adjective is not uncommon. Ah foolish harebraine, This is not she. Udal, Roister Doister, i. 4. She is mad by inheritance, and so are all the kinred, an hare-braine, with many other secret infirmities. Burton, Anatomy, p. 549. No honest man shall be the better for a Scotch reformation ; wherein the hare-brains among us are engaged with them. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 137. HARE-FOOT. I give the extract as recording a proverb which I have not elsewhere met with. I suppose that hare-foot might = coward, one swift to run away, and that the proverb is equivalent to the well-known " He that fights and runs away, may live to fight another day." And hence a third proverb, Betty, since you are an admirer of proverbs, Better a hare-foot than none at all ; that is to say, than' not to be able to walk. Richardson, Cl. Harloice, ii. 118. HARK BACK, to draw back ; a person who recurs to some subject that had been previously mentioned is also said to hark back to it ; the metaphor is taken from the hunting-field. There is but one that harks me lack. Taylor, Ph. van Art., Pt. I. i. 9. HARLEQUINADE, extravaganza. The Female Quixote is no exception. That work has undoubtedly great merit, when considered as a wild satirical harlequinade; but if we consider it as a picture of life and manners, we must pronounce it more absurd HARLEQUINERY ( 302 ) HASH than any of the romances which it was designed to ridicule. Macaulay, Essays (Mad. D'Arblay). HARLEQUINERY, style of play or act- ing in which Harlequin plays a promi- nent part ; harlequinade. The French taste is comedy and harlequin- ery. EicJiardson, Pamela, iv. 89. HARMAN-BECK, thieves' cant for con- stable. See extract in H. s. v. pannam. Here safe in our skipper let's cly off our peck, And bowse in defiance o' th' Harman-beck. Broome, Jovial Crew, Act II. HARNESSEMENT, equipment ; the mar- gin gives complements. To every knight he allowed or gave 100 shillings for his harnessements. Holland's Camden, p. 174. HARP AND HARROW. The meaning of this saying is obvious from the extracts, but its origin is to me unknown. The Lord's Supper and yonr peevish, popish, private mass do agree together like God and the devil, Christ and Belial, light and darkness, truth and falsehood, and, as the common proverb is, like harp and harrow, or like the hare and the hound. Becon, iii. 283. Bedlem . . . admits of two amusing queries, whether the persons that ordered the build- ing of it or those that inhabit it were the mad- dest ? And whether the name and thing be not as disagreeable as harp and harrow? Tom Brown, Works, iii. 29. HARQUEBUS, used as a plural, and for harquebussiers. He marcheth in the middle, guarded about With full five hundred harquebuze on foot. Peele, Battle of Alcazar, IV. i. Eight thousand harquebuze that served on foot. Ibid. V. i. HARRAGE, to harass or harrow. R. gives the word with a quotation from the Worthies, and suggests that it was perhaps meant for harass. The following quotations show that it was a regular word, at all events with Fuller; not a misprint. God therefore thought it fit that other dioceses should now take their turnes, that this of Lincoln, harraged out before, should now lie fallow. Fuller, Ch. Hist., VIII. ii. 16. Of late the Danes . . . had harrayed all this countrey. Ibid., Hist of Camb. Univ., I. i. Most miserable at this time was the con- dition of Cambridge, for the Barons, to de- spight King John, with their forces har- raged and destroyed the Town and County thereof. Ibid. i. 28. HARRY- RUFF i AN, swaggerer. When I past Paules, and travell'd in that walke Where all cure Brittaine-sinners swear and talk; Ould.ffarry-rtt$Kins ) bankerupts,southsayers, And youth whose cousenage is as old as theirs. Bp. Corbet, Elegy on Bp. Ravis. HARSH, to sound harshly ; to crack. Stanyhurst also uses harshing as a sub- stantive ; see extract s. v. BEPOUNCE. In the quotation a tree is spoken of which wood-cutters strike again and again. At length with rounsefal from stock vn- truncked yt harssheth. Stanyhurst, JEn., ii. 655. HARSHEN, to harden, or make harsh. Three years of prison might be some ex- cuse for a soured and harshened spirit. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xxxii. His brow was wrinkled now ; his features harshened. Hid., Westward Ho, ch. xi. HARTFORDSHIRE KINDNESS. See first extract, which, however, seems to offer an insufficient explanation, for such an act of courtesy could not have been peculiar to this county. This is generally taken in a good and grateful sense for the mutual return of favours received ; it being (belike) observed that the people in this county at entertain- ments drink back to them who drank to them. Fuller, Worthies (Hartford shire). Lord Sm. Tom, my service to you. Nev. My Lord, this moment I did myself the honour to drink to your lordship. Lord Sin. Why, then, that's Hartfordshire kindness. Swift, '^Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). HARUM-SCARUM, wild ; thoughtless. Mad. D'Arblay spells the word pecu- liarly. He seemed a mighty rattling harem- scarem gentleman. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, i. 358 (1780). She was one of the first who brought what I call harum-scarum manners into fashion. Miss Edaeworth, Belinda, ch. iii. They had a quarrel with Sir Thomas New- come's own sou, a harum scarum lad, who ran away, and then was sent to India. Thackeray, JVeiccomes, ch. v. HARVESTLESS, barren. These judgments on the land, Harvestlesi autumns, horrible agues, plague. Tennyson, Queen Mary, v. 1. HASH. To make a hash = to make HASKERDL Y ( 33 ) HAY a mess, to destroy : a metaphor, of course, taken from the kitchen. A flourish trumpets ! sound again ! He comes, bold Drake, the chief who made a Fine hash of all the pow'rs of Spain. Ingoldsby Legends (Housewarming). HASKERDLY, rough. H. has haskerde, a rough fellow. Some 'haskerdly peizaunts, & rascall per- sons, havinge such coloured beards, be prat- lers and praters. Touchstone of Complex-ions, p. 130. HATBAND. A gold hatband = a nobleman at the University ; a tuft. His companion is ordinarily some stale fellow that has beene notorious for an ingle to gold hatbands, whom hee admires at first, afterwards scornes. Earle, Microcosmogra- phie (Young Gentleman of the Universitie). RATEABLE, capable of being hated. Loveable is common. Eeally a most notable, questionable, hate- able, lovable old Marquis. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 78. HATE SPOT, very pure ; shrinking from pollution. It was supposed that the ermine died if its skin were soiled. Her shoulders be like two white Doves, Pearching within square royal rooves "Which leaded are with silver skin, Passing the hate spot Emerlin. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 141. HATLESS, without a hat. So much for shoeless, hatless Masaniello ! Leigh Hunt, High and Low. The whole mob rushed tumultuously, just in time to see an old man on horseback dart out and gallop hatless up the park. C. Kingsley, Alton Locke, ch. xxviii. HAULCH-BACKED (?) " Can you tell me with what instruments they did it ? " " With fair gullies, which are little haulch-backed demi-knives.'' Urqu- harfs Rabelais, Bk. I. ch. xxvii. HAUM, to lounge, which is the ex- planation given by Mr. Tennyson in a note to the extract. " Hawm, to move about awkwardly," occurs in Peacock's Manley and Corringham Glossary (E. D. S.). Of. HAWMED. Guzzlin' an' soakin' an' smoakin' an' hawmin' about i' the laanes. Tennyson, Northern Cobbler. HAUNCE, to raise or advance. This word is in R., with two extracts from Chaucer. I should not therefore have inserted it here were it not that L. and Halliwell and Wright in their addi- tions to N. give "hanced = (apparently) intoxicated," with extract from Taylor. The word is no doubt the same as that used by Chaucer and Stanyhurst, and applied figuratively to intoxication, as " elevated " now is. Yeet the tre stands sturdy: for as yt toe the skytyp is haunced, So far is yt crampornd with roote deepe dibled at helgat's. Stanyhurst, ^En., iv. 468. HATTSTUEE, draught. It is just matter of lamentation when souls . . . fall to such apostacy as with Demas to embrace the dunghill of this world, and with an hausture to lick up the mud of corruption. Adams, ii. 199. HAUT, to raise on high (?) Chiefe stays" vpbearing crocb.es high from the antlier hauted On trees stronglye fraying. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 193. HAVING, covetous. The apostles that wanted money are not so having : Judas hath the bag, and yet he must have more, or he will filch it. Adams, ii. 249. Jane, the elder sister, held that Martha's children ought not to expect so much as the young "Waules ; and Martha, more lax on the subject of primogeniture, was sorry to think that Jane was so " having." G. Eliot, Middlemarch, ch. xxxv. HAWBUCK, a clown. Away, away ! down the dusty lane They pull her, and haul her, with might and main ; And happy the hawbuck, Tom or Harry, Dandy or Sandy, Jerry or Larry, "Who happens to get a leg to carry. Hood, Tale of a Trumpet. Bless my heart ! excuse me, Sir Kichard to sit down and leave you standing ! 'Slife, sir, sorrow is making a hawbuck of me. C. Kingsley, Westward Ho, ch. v. HAWKISH, pertaining to a hawk. See quotation from Carlyle s. v. ACCIPITRAL. She must have been very beautiful as a young girl, but was fnow too fierce and hawkish looking. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Ham- lyn, ch. vi. HAWMED, bandy. N. has "Haume- legged, bandy-legged," with WithaVs Diet, as an authority. Peacock {Man- ley and Corringham Glossary) gives " hawm, to move about awkwardly." Cf. HAUM. The Devils of Crowland with their crimp shoulders, side and gor-bellies, crooked and hawmed legges. Holland's Camden, p. 530. HAY. To carry hay on the horn = to be dangerous or aggressive. Oxen that HAY ( 304 ) HEADLONG were fierce had hay wrapped round their horns. The proverb was a Latin one. " Fcenum habet in cornu " (Horace, Sat., I. i. 34). Lust has no eares ; he's sharpe as thorn, And fretfull carries hay in 's home. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 176. HAY. To make hay is to throw everything into confusion. Miss G. O, father, how you are making hay of my things ! Christy. Then I wish I could make hay of them, for hay is much wanting for the horses. Miss Edyeworth, Rose, Thistle, and Shamrock, i. 2. Every moveable article in the room fur- niture, crockery, fender, fire-irons lay in one vast heap of broken confusion in the corner of the room. . . "What a devil that Welter is when he gets drink into him, and Marlowe is not much better. The fellows were mad with fighting too. I wish they hadn't come here and made hay afterwards." H. Kings- ley, Eavenshoe, ch. vii. HAY-ASTHMA, usually now called hay- fever. I escaped from the hay-asthma with a visit of one month. Southey, Letters (1827). HAY-CROME, hay-rake. They fell downe on their mary-bones, and lift up their hay-cromes unto him. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 166). HAYN, a covetous man or a miser. See another instance from Udal s. v. PAUNCHED. Jamieson has Haiti as a verb = to be penurious. He signified that . . . who were soch a niggarde or hayn that he coulde not finde in his harte afore that daye to departe with an halfpeny to any creature liuing, for soche a feloe to be hyghe tyme ones in his life to begin to departe with somewhat to the poore. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 129. Sparing, pinching, and plaiyng the nygardes or haynes belonged to cookes and not to kinges. Ibid. p. 241. HEAD. A man whose intellects are bewildered or disordered is said to be off his head. At present he is off his head : he does not know what he says, or rather he is incapable of controlling his utterances. Black, Adven- tures of a Phaeton, ch. xiii. HEAD. To lose one's head is a com- mon expression, though Poe (comment- ing on Lady G. Fullerton's Ellen Middleton) censures it as a Gallicism : it usually, however, = to become con- fused, to lose presence of mind, rather than to be crazy. But the chief merit after all is that of the style, . . . although it has now and then an odd Gallicism snch as " she lost her head" meaning she grew crazy. E. A. Poe, Mar- ginalia, Ixxiv. HEAD. To put one in the head of it = to put it into one's head, to suggest an idea. The Bishops, vpon the permission of build- ing castles, so outwent the Lords in magnifi- cence, strength, and number of their erec- tions, and especially the Bishop of Salisbury, that their greatnesse was much maligned by them, putting the king in head that all these great castles . . . were onely to entertaiue the partie of Maude. Daniel, Hist, of E/ia., p. 60. " Nay, nay, like enough," says Partridge, " and now you put me in the head of it, I verily and sincerely believe it was the devil, though I could not perceive his cloven foot." Tom Jones. Bk. IX. ch. vi. HEAD-CLOTH, a covering for the head. What's here? all sorts of dresses painted to the life ; ha ! ha ! ha ! head-cloaths to shorten the face, favourites to raise the fore- head. Centlivre, Platonic Lady, iii. 1. He gave me two suits of fine Flanders laced head-clothes. Richardson, Pamela, i. 12. HEADER, a plunge head foremost. See extract from Dickens, s. v. BOBBY, Avhere header is used (by a street-boy) as a verb. No time to go down and bathe ; I'll get my header somewhere up the stream. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xviii. HEADFAST, the rope at the head of a ship by which it is fastened to wharfs, &c. The Ships ride here so close, as it were, keeping up one another with their Head-fasts on shore. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 64. HEADHUNG, despondent. Gentlemen, be not head-hunt/; droop not. Shirley, Bird in a Cage, Act III. HEADLJNGS, headlong: wrongly ex- plained by editor of Parker Soc. ed. as headlong persons. N. has this adverb, but without the final s. The foolish multitude everywhere, ... as a raging flood (the banks broken down), run- neth headlines into all blasphemy and devil- ishness. Bale, Select Works, p. 508. HEADLONG, to precipitate. If a stranger be setting his pace and face towards some deep pit or steep rock such a precipice as the cliffs of Dover how do we cry aloud to have him return ! yet in mean time forget the course of our own sinful HEADLONGLY ( 35 ) HEARTHSTEAD ignorance that heacltonys us to confusion. Adams, iii. 93. HEADLONGLY, in a headlong way. So snatchingly or headlongly driven, flew Juno. Chapman, Iliad, xv. (Comment.). HEAD NOR FOOT. We say now " head nor tail" Is it possible that this gear appertain any thing to my cause ? I find neither head nor foot in it. Gaseoiyne, Supposes, ii. 1. HEAKING-TIME, hooking time ; catch- ing time (?). Herring fishing is spoken of. Now it is high heakiny-time, and bee the windes never so easterly adverse, and the tyde fled from us, wee must violently towe and hale in our redoubtable sophy of the floating kingdom of Pisces. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 156). HEAP. A person much embarrassed or surprised is said to be struck all of a heap. Now was I again struck all of a heap. However, soon recollecting myself, " Sir," said I, " I have not the presumption to hope such an honour." Richardson, Pamela, i. 297. I am very glad this passed before I came down, for else I think I should have struck him all of a heap. Mad. D'Arllay, Diary, i. 234. The interrogatory seemed to strike the honest magistrate^ to use the vulgar phrase, all of a heap. Scott, Rob Roy, ii. 100. HEAPEFLOOD, a heavy sea. One ship that Lycius dyd shrowd with faith- ful Orontes In sight of captayne was swasht wyth a roysterus heapefiud. Stanyhurst, JEn., i. 124. HEAPE-MEALE, confusedly. They got together spices and odours of all sorts, . . . and thereon pour the same forth by heape-meale. Holland's C'amden, p. 71. HEART. With a heart and a half = very readily or heartily. Coz. Do you drink thus often, lady ? Pet. Still when I am thirsty, and eat when I am hungry ; Such junkets come not every day ; once more to you, With a heart and a half, i' faith. Massinyer, Grand Duke of Florence, iv. 2. HEART. Next the heart = fasting, and is usually applied to drink taken before breakfast ; wine, having greater effect then, was supposed to go direct to the heart. See N. and Q., V. vols. vii., viii. The phrase occurs also in Holland's Pliny, xx. 4, and Queen's Closet Opened, p. 73. Stapylton's note is on a passage where Juvenal speaks of an 2Ethiop "nunquam tibi mane videndus." In his time was brought up a newe founde diete, to drink wine in the morning nexte the harte. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 359. This was staying at Kingston with our unlucky hostess that must be dandled, and made drunk next her heart: she made us slip the very cream o' th' morning. Rowley, Match at Midnight, Act I. The Romans held it ominous to see a Blackamoore next their hearts in a morning. Stapylton, Juvenal, vi. 637. Queen Artemisia, . . . living chast ever after her husband Mausolus his death, got his ashes all put in wines, whereof she would take down a dramm every morning, fasting and next her heart. Howell, Parly of Heastx, p. 60. HEART. To have the heart in the mouth to be frightened. My heart is in my mouth ; my mouth is in my hand. Grim the Collier, Act II. As I was walking from the stable t'other night without my lanthorn, I fell across a beam that lay in the way, and faith my heart was in my mouth ; I thought I had stumbled over a spirit. Addison, The Drummer, I. i. I'm a watching for my master ; my heart's in my mouth ; if he was to catch me away from home, he'd pretty near murder me. Dickens, Bleak House, ch. viii. HEART-BOUND, hard-hearted ; stingy. The most laxative prodigals, that are lavish and letting fly to their lusts, are yet heart- bound to the poor. Adams, i. 169. HEART-CERTAIN, thoroughly certain. One felt heart-certain that he could not miss His quick-gone love. Keats, Endymion, Bk. i. HEARTENING, encouragement. The call Of Mars to fight was terrible, he cried out like a storm, Set on the city's pinnacles; and there he would inform Sometimes his heart'ninys. Chapman, Iliad, xx. 53. HEARTHEN. Wolcot in a note says, " Hearthen means a small bundle of firewood ; it is now almost obsolete, and seldom found but in old law- books." He told them that his master had mistook A word in ancient Modus for a half hen, Which meant a faggot that's to say, a Hearthen. P. Pindar, p. 54. HEARTHSTEAD, place of the hearth. x HEART IN HOSE ( 306 Cf. GIRDLE-STEAD, KNEE-STEAD, MAR- KET-STEAD, NOON-STEAD. The most sacred spot upon earth to him was his father's hearth-stead. Southey, The Doctor, ch. xxxiv. HEART IN HOSE. The heart is said to sink in one who is afraid or dis- couraged ; hence it was spoken of as going into some nether garment, as boots or hose. Breton (Good and Bad, p. 9) describes the untrained soldier as ' hanging downe his head, as if his heart were in his hose." HEARTY, eminent. Esay, that hearty prophet, confirmeth the same. Latimer, i. 356. We read how that Judas Machabeus, that hearty captain, seudeth certain money to Jerusalem, to make a sacrifice for the dead. Ibid. i. 515. HEATHENDOM, heathenism. He trims his paletots, and adorns his legs, with the flesh of men and the skins of women, with degradation, pestilence, heathen- dom, and despair. C. Kinysley, Cheap Clothes and Nasty. HEATHENRY, heathenism. Are you so besotted with your philosophy, and your heathenry, and your laziness, and your contempt for God and man, that you will see your nation given up for a prey, and your wealth plundered by heathen dogs ? C. Kinysley, Hypatia, ch. vi. HEATHERY, heathy ; of the nature of heather. I found the house amid desolate heathery hills. Emerson, Eng. Traits, ch. i. He . . . threw himself on the heathery scrub which met the shingle. Huyhes, Tom Brown's School-Days, Pt. II. ch. ix. HEAVE AT, to oppose ; to murmur against. See quotation from Bale, s. v. MAMMETROUS. They did not wish government quite taken away ; only the king's person they heaved at ; him, for some purpose, they must needs have out of the way. Andrewes, iv. 12. In vain have some heaved at this office, which is fastned to the state with so con- siderable a revenue. Fuller, Ch. Hist., V. iv. 8. The Bishops' places of which they were so anciently possest in Parliament were heaved at. Racket, Life of Williams, ii. 167. HEAVEN, to place in heaven, and so to make happy. See quotation from Adams, . v. HELL. He heavens himself on earth, and for a little pelf cozens himself of bliss. Adams, i. 194. ) HEDERATED HEAVEN-HIGH, very lofty. Cf. SKY- HIGH. Their Heav'n-hiyh roofes shal be embattelled With adamant in gold enuelloped. Davies, An Extasie, p. 93. HEAVE-SHOULDERED, high-shouldered. Captaines that wore a whole antient in a scarf e, which made them goe heave-shouldered. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 157). HEAVY, beer and porter mixed (slang). Here comes the heavy; hand it here to take the taste of that fellow's talk out of my mouth. C. Kinysley, Alton Locke, ch. ii. HEAVYISH. rather heavy, whether physically or mentally. I solemnly assure you I am only heavyish, not ill. Mad. D'Arllay, Diary, ii. 309. Halloo! halloo! They have done for two, But a heavyish job remains to do. Hood, The Forge. HECATONTARCHY, rule of a hundred. What would come to pass if the choice of a governor or governors were referred to the thousands and millions of England ? Beware a Heptarchy again, beware a Hecatontarchy. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 202. HECATONTOMES, hundreds of volumes. Hypocrites ! the gospel faithfully preached to the poor, the desolate parishes visited and duly fed, loiterers thrown out, wolves driven from the fold, had been a better confutation of the pope and mass than whole hecaton- tomes of controversies. Milton,Ani>nadv.on Bemonst. (to the Postscript). KECKING, wearing ; hacking. He took himself to be no mean doctor, who, being guilty of no Greek, and being demanded why it was called an hective fever ; because, saith he, of an hecking cough which ever attendeth this disease. Fuller, Holy State, Bk. I. ch. ii. HECTASTYLE, having six pillars. One of the largest and most correct hecta- style porticoes in the kingdom. Defoe, Tour thro 1 G. Britain, ii. 301. HECTIC, a blush or high colour. The poor Franciscan made no reply: a hectic of a moment passed across his cheek, but could not tarry Nature seemed to have done with her resentments in him. Sterne, Sent. Journey, The Monk. HEDERATED, crowned or adorned with ivy. He appeareth there neither lanreated nor luderated Poet (except the leaves of the Bayes and Ivy be withered to nothing since the erection of the Tomb), but only rosated, HEDGE ( 37 ) HEEL-TAPS having a Chaplet of four Roses about his head. Fuller, Worthies, Yorkshire (ii. 513). HEDGE. To hang in the hedge = to be at a stand-still. In the old Play or Morality called Hycke-Scorner (Haw- kins, Eng. Dr., i. 95) the reprobate, offended at the reproof of Pity, says, " Whan my soule hangeth on the hedge, cast stones," and then orders Pity to be put in the stocks. Here the meaning seems to be, When I am dead you may cast stones at me, if you will, but now you shall be punished. They presently voted that the king be desired to put all Catholiques out of employ- ment, and other high things ; while the business of money hanys in the hedae. Pepys, Oct. 27, 1666. HEDGELESS, without hedges. As they paced along the dreary hedyeless stubbles, they both started. C. Kingsley, Yeast, ch. xiii. There was a dreamy sunny stillness over the hedgeless fields. G. Eliot, Daniel Deronda, ch. Ixiv. HEDGE WINE, poor, cheap wine : wine perhaps made of flowers or herbs, as cowslip wine, &c. ; but hedge is often used us a disparaging prefix hedge- priest, hedge-tavern, &c. Your wines be small hedge idnes, or haue taken salt water. Breton, Wonders worth Hearing, p. 10. Holds her to homely cates and harsh hedge- wine That should drink Poesy's nectar. Chapman, Iliad, Ep. Ded., 111. HEELS. Down at heels = slovenly, like one who shuffles about in slippers or old shoes. See quotation s. v. ELBOWS. HEELS. To throw up a man's heels = to floor or conquer him. Though Great-grace is excellent good at his weapons, and has and can, so long as he keeps them at sword's point, do well enough with them ; yet if they get within him, even Faint-heart, Mistrust, or the other, it shall go hard but they will throw up his heels. Pilgrim's Progress, Pt. i. p. 208. HEELS. To turn up or topple up the heels = to die ; toes up = dead, in modern slang. Cf. TOPPLE UP TAIL. The backewinter, the frostebiting, the eclipse or shade, and sicknesse of Yarmouth, was a great sicknesse or plague in it 1348, of which in one yeare seaven thousand and fifty people toppled up their heeles there. Naslie, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 152). The boye was somewhat sickly with fruite, berries, plummes, and such geare that he had eaten abroade, that when he came to good lodging and good dyet, he even turned up his heeles. Breton, Miseries of Mauillia, p. 42. .Hi's heels he'll kick up, Slain by an onslaught fierce of hiccup. Browning, Flight of the Duchess. HEELS. To take his heels = to run away. We say take to his heels. As Puttenham remarks, it is a colloquial expression, not adapted for heroic sub- jects. To get the heels of another = to outstrip. If an historiographer shall write of an emperor or king, how such a day hee joyned battel with his enemie, and being ouer-laide ranne out of the fielde, and took his heeles. or put spurre to his horse and fled as fast as hee could, the termes be not decent, but of a meane souldier or captaine it were not un- decently spoken. Puttenham, Eng. Poesie, Bk. III. ch. xxiii. If ye had seen him take his heeles, and run away from you into the wildernesse, what could ye haue said or done more ? Hall, Contemplations (Golden Calfe). " "What ! (cried I, astonished) a matrimo- nial scheme ? O rare Strap, thou hast got the heels of me at last." Roderick Random, ch. xlvii. HEELS. To cool or kick one's heels = to wait ; to cool heels is noticed in N. I suppose this is a spice of foreign breed- ing, to let your uncle kick his heels in your hall. Foote, The Minor, Act II. In this parlour Amelia cooled her heels, as the phrase is, near a quarter of an hour. Fielding, Amelia, Bk. VI. ch. ix. My Lord, the Jews Have been these three hours in the outer hall, Much kicking of their heels, and cursing Meroz. Taylor, Virgin Widow, i . 2. HEELS IN NECK, headlong. One Cerdicus, a plashing Saxon, . . . leapt aground like a sturdie bruite, and his yeomen bolde cast their heels in their necke, and friskt it after him. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 150). HEEL - TAPS, the small remains of liquor lef fe in a glass, or the fag end of a bottle. Different attempts to explain this phrase may be seen in N. and Q., 5th S., vol. xii. As there was a proper objection to drink- ing her in heel-taps, said the voice, we'll give her the first glass in the new magnum. Nicholas Nicklely, ch. xxxii. Nick took off his heel-taps, bow'd, smiled with an air Most graciously grim, and vacated the chair. Ingoldsby Legends (St. Cvthbert). X 2 HEIGH-HO ( sc HEIGH-HO, to sigh for ; an interjec- tion turned into a verb. Cf. PISH, PSHAW, &c. It was just the sort of house which youth- ful couples, newly united by Holy Church, heiyh-ho'd for as they passed. Savage, B. Medlicott, Bk. I. ch. i. HEIGHT, to exalt. If He bore affection to us in our rags, His love will not leave us when we are heiyhted with His righteousness, and shining with His jewels. Adams, i. 400. Imagine .... numbers of people that not many hours before had their several chambers delicately heiyhted, now confusedly thrust together into one close room. Ibid. i. 421. HELL, to place in hell. The passage from Spenser is quoted by N. , who says that hell has been supposed to be another form of kele, to cover, but that this is not satisfactory. Spenser, I think, uses the verb in the same sense as Adams (" lands " being the anteced- ent to "them"). Cf. HEAVEN. Else would the waters overflow the lands, And fire devoure the ayre, and hell them quight. F. Queene, IV. x. 35. The dead to sin are heavened in this world, the dead in sin are helled here by the tor- menting anguish of an unappeasable con- science. Adams, i. 231. HELLNESS, hellishness, with an allu- sion to the title, Hiyhness. There's not a king among ten thousand kings, But gildeth those that glorifie his folly, That sooth and smooth, and call his Hell-ness holy. Sylvester, The Captaines, 1007. HELL- WAIN. H., who gives no ex- ample, says, "A supernatural waggon, seen in the sky at night." The extract is quoted by Irving in a note to the article in his Sketch-Book on Stratford- on-Avon. They have so fraid us with bull-beggars, spirits, witches, urchins, . . . the man in the oke, the hell-waine, the fierdrake, the puckle, Tom Thombe, hobgoblins, Tom Tumbler, boneless, and such other bugs, that we were afraid of our own shadowes. Scot, Dis- co verie of Witchcraft. HELMLESS, rudderless. Your National Assembly, like a ship water- logged, helmless, lies tumbling. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. VI. ch. v. HELP-TIRE, a curious compound : the meaning is that a horse is a help to those who are tired, but the speaker 8 ) HE MUSE was still fresh. There is no corre- sponding word in the original. My pow'rs are yet entire, And scorn the help-tire of a horse. Chapman, Iliad, v. 252. HELTER-SKELTERINESS, hastiness ; im- petuosity. While the picturesqueness of the numerous pencil-scratches arrested my attention, their helter- skelter iness of commentary amused me. E. A. Poe, Marginalia, Introduction. HELVE. To throto the helve after the hatchet = to go all lengths ; when part has been lost, to throw away the rest. The metaphor may be taken from 2 Kings vi. 5, 6. If shee should reduce the Spaniard to that desperate passe in the Netherlands, as to make him throw the helve after the hatchet, and to relinquish those provinces altogether, it would much alter the case. Howell, In- structions J or Forraine Travell, sect. 9. HEMEROBAPTIST. See extract. The sect was of Jewish origin. In the Word of God . . . one Baptisme is mentioned (which place the Hemerobaptists or daily dippers slighted). Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 296. HEMEROCALLIS, the day-lily. The hemerocallis is the least esteemed, be- cause one day ends its beauty. Bp. Hall, Works, viii. 183. HEMI-CIRCLE, half-circle. Ben Jon- eon (quoted by L.) has the more cor- rect hemi-cycle. Her browes two hemi-circles did enclose,' Of rubies ranged in artificiall roes. Davies, An Extasie, p. 89. HEMPSTRING, a term of reproach, like crackhemp, or crackrope, implying that the person so called deserves or is likely to be hung. If I come near you, hempstrina, I will teach you to sing sol fa. Gascoiyne, Supposes, iv. 3. Van. A perfect young hempstring ! Van. Peace, least he overheare you. Chapman, Mons. If Olive, v. 1. HEMDSE. See first extract ; in the second the speaker is supposed to be a hind. The roebuck is the first year a kid, the second year a girl, the third year a hemv.se. Return from Parnassus, ii. 5 (1606). Those pretty fawns, prickets, sorrells, he- muses, and girls, whereof som are mine, which I brought into the world without any pain or help of midwife. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 62. IIENATRICE ( 309 ) HERITANCE HENATRICE, jocularly for female cockatrice. It is affirmed that there is no female basil- isk, that is, no henatrice, the cock laying only male eggs. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cc. HENCE, to send or go away. N. gives the second extract, and says, " Sylvester has unwarrantably made a verb of to hence, in the sense of to go away. I am not aware of any other instance." Go, bawling Cur, thy hungry maw go fill On yon foul flock, belonging not to me. With that his dog he henc'd, his flock he cursed. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 93. Herewith the Angell henc't, and bent his flight Tow'rds our sad Citie. Sylvester, Panaretus, 128J . HENGE. See extract. The present name [Stonehenge] is Saxon, though the work is, beyond all comparison, older, signifying an hanging rod or pole, i. e. a Gallows, from the hanging parts, archi- traves, or rather imposts ; and pendulous rocks are still in Yorkshire called Henges. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 305. HENPECK, undue rule by a wife. Cf. CHICKEN-PECKED. Consider the . . . Saumaises now bully- fighting for a hundred gold Jacobuses, now closeted with Queen Christinas, . . . anon cast forth (being scouted and confuted), and dying of heartbreak coupled with henpeck. Carlyle, Misc., iii. 208. HEN-PECKERY, state of subjection to a wife by a husband. He had fallen from all the height and pomp of beadleship, to the lowest depth of the most snubbed hen-peckery. Oliver Ticist, ch. xxxvii. HERALDRY. See quotation. Nothing sat heavier upon his spirits than a great arrear of business, when it happened ; for he knew well that from thence there sprang up a trade in the register's office called heraldry, that is, buying and selling precedence in the paper of causes, than which there hath not been a greater abuse in the sight of the sun. North, Life of Lord Guil- ford, ii. 86. HERB, to graze ; to crop herbage. The speaker in the extract is a boar. So, sir, I bid you farewell, for I am going to herb it among that tuft of trees. Hotcell, Parly of .Beasts, p. 113. HERB-JOHN, some tasteless pot-herb. Britten and Holland give Hypericum perforatum as the botanical name of Herb-John, but do not think that this is the plant referred to in Gurnall. The thin -leaved mug -wort or clarie, called by Cotgrave Ilerbe de Saint Jean, has been suggested. See N. and Q., II. vols. vii. ix. Balm, with the destitution of God's bless- ing, doth as much good as a branch of herb- John in our pottage. Adams, i. 376. Herb-John in the pot does neither much good nor hurt. Gurnall, Christian Armour, Pt. ii. p. 12. HERDEN, flaxen ; made of hards, q. v. You must haue an herden or wullen cloth waxed, wherwith euery day you must rubbe and chafe your bowe, tyll it shyne and glyt- ter wythall. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 118. They are to be beaten and punned in a great stone mortar, or vpon a stone floore, with an hurden mallet or tow-beetle. Hol- land, Pliny, xix. 1. HERDFLOCK, a flock : one of Stany- hurst's words. See extract s. v. PREDE. HERD-MAID, shepherdess. Herdess is in the Diets. I sit and watch a herd-maid gay. Lyrics, &c., ed. by W. Byrd, 1587 (Eng. Gar., ii. 76). HEREHENCE, hence. " Written ' her- ence ' (says Bp. Jacobson), it is still in use in the counties of Somerset, Wilts, and Hereford, as ' therence ' also is for 'thence.' " "We are herehence resolved that we are not to do any evil that good may come of it. Sanderson, ii. 52. The use that we may make herehence is, that since he fell let us take heed that we fall not. Ibid. v. 353. HERETICATE, to class or denounce as a heretic. Let no one be minded on the score of my neoterism to hereticate me as threatening to abet some new - fangled form of religious heterodoxy. Jupiter forbid that I should think of setting up as a theologue. It is just because I would not be confounded with the patrons of neologism or neology, that I prefer to use neoterism and its conjugates. If human affairs were ruled by prudence, the term ' innovation ' would be strictly netitral ; but in common usage, as Bentley justly remarks, thereby " expression is given to the sentiment of displeasure." Neoterism, as being a vocable still unfamiliar, possesses the advantage of indifference, in not sug- gesting either praise or dispraise. Hall, Modern English, p. 19. HERITANCE, heritage ; patrimony. These were my heritance, O God ! thy gifts were these. Southey, Thalaba, Bk. i. HERKINALSON ( 310 ) HESTERNAL HERKINALSON. a hermaphrodite. Thus he thinketh it a great deal the safer way to make the pope an herkinalson, or by miracle to turn him from a man into a wo- man, than simply and plainly to confess that ever dame Joan was Pope in Rome. Jewel, iv. 656. HERLE. H. gives " Herle, a twist, fillet, Gawayne" but this scarcely seems the meaning in the extract. The shell-fly for the middle of July, made of greenish wool, wrapped about with the herle of a peacock's tail. Miss Edgeicorth, Absentee, ch. viii. HEROIC, to celebrate in heroic verse. Homer of rats and frogs hath heroiqut it. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 158). HEROINE, to play the heroine. "What lessened the honour of it somewhat in my mother's case was that she could not heroine it into so violent and hazardous an extream as one in her situation might have wished. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, i. 92. HERRING is a fish that dies as soon as it is taken out of the water ; hence the phrase in the quotation. Bel. Constant ! and in mourning ? Pray, who's dead ? Const. One for whom I ought to grieve, did it not smooth a passage to Belinda's arms through the hearts of our inexorable parents. Bel. Your father, sir ? Clinch. The same, madam ; he's as dead as a herring, I promise you. Cetttlitre, Man's Beicitched, Act I. " Dead ! " (says my uncle, looking at the body) " ay, ay, I'll warrant him as dead as a herring." Smollett, Hod. Random, ch. iv. HERRING. Never a barrel the better herring = just as bad as some one else to whom reference had been made, i. e. the herrings in one barrel are of the same quality as those in another. Cf. extract*, v. BARREL. In Bailey's Colloq. of Erasmus, p. 373, Similes habebant labra lactucasis translated, " The devil a barrel the better herring," though the old English proverb, " Like lips, like lettuce," would have given the original literally. In the second extract Gosson is comparing cooks and painters on the one side, and dramatists on the other. Two feloes being like flagicious, and neither barrel better herriny, accused either other. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth.,Tp. 187. Therefore of both barrelled I judge Cookes and Painters tlie better hearing. Gosson, Schoole of Abuse, p. 32. I lyk not barrel or hearing. Stanyhurst, -En., ii. 56. " Never a barrel the better herring" cries he ; " noscitur a socio is a true saying. It must be confessed indeed that the lady in the fine garments is the civiler of the two ; but I suspect neither of them are a bit better than they should be." Fieldinq, T. Jones, Bk. X. ch. v. Vive la reine Billingsgate ! the Thalestris who has succeeded Louis Quatorze. A com- mittee of those Amazons stopped the Duke of Orleans, who, to use their style, I believe is not a barrel the better herring. Walpole, Letters, iv. 490 (1789). HERRING-BONE, to work in a zigzag pattern like herring-bones ; used also as an architectural term for work of that fashion. For there, all the while, with air quite be- witching, She sat herring-boning, tambouring, or stitching. Ingoldsby Legends (Knight and Lady). The walls to this room were 3 feet thick, with herring-bone masonry. Arch., xxxv. 384 (1853). HERRINGER, one who goes herring- fishing. He would do anything in his contempt for " a lot of long-shore merchant-skippers and herringers, who went about calling them- selves captains, and fancy themselves, Sir, as good as if they wore the Queen's uniform." C. Kingsley, Two Years Ago, ch. xiv. HERSED, formed like a hearse. Southey explains in a note that the bowmen were usually arranged in the shape of a hearse, about two hundred in front and but forty in depth. The hearse referred to is not the carriage now so called, but a triangular frame of iron on which a number of lighted candles were placed at funeral ob- sequies. From his hersed bowmen how the arrows fled ! Southey, Joan of Arc, Bk. ii. HESITATORY, vacillating. In the mean time his being suspicious, dubious, cautelous, and not soon determined, but Jiesitatory at unusual occurrences in his office, made him pass for a person timidous, and of a fickle, irresolute temper. North, Examen, p. 596. HESTERNAL, belonging to yesterday. N. has hestern, with quotation from Holinshed. I rose by candle-light, and consumed, in tho iutensest application, the hours which every other individual of our party wasted HETAIRISM ( 3 in enervating slumbers from the hesternal dissipation or debauch. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Ivii. HETAIRISM, promiscuous intercourse. The primitive condition of man socially was one of pure hetairism. Sir J. Lubbock, Orig. of Civilization, p. 67. HEWT, height (?). H. has hewt, high. The word in the original is sedes. The rendezvous spoken of is " tumulus templumque vetustum desertoe Cereris." From diuerse corners to that hewt wee wyl make asemblye. Stanyhurst, ^3Sn., ii. 742. HEY-DAY, joyous excitement. Keep it up, jolly ringers, ding dong and away with it again. A merry peal puts my spirits quite in a hey-day. Burgoyne, Lord of the Manor, I. i. HEY-GO-MAD, without bounds ; as an adjective, extremely anxious or desirous. When they are once set a going, whether right or wrong, 'tis not a halfpenny matter ; away they go cluttering like hey-yo-mad. Sterne, Trist. Shandy, i. 2. 'Tisn't Mr. Bounderby, 'tis his wife : yo'r not fearfo' o' her ; yo was hey-go-mad about her an hour sin. Dickens, Hard Times, ch. xxii. HEY-PASSE, a juggler's term : often joined with repasse. Ha' you forgotten me ? you think to carry it away with your hey-passe and repasse. Marlowe, Fausttis, v. 1. The poets were triviall that set up Helen's face for such a top-gallant summer may- pole for men to gaze at, and strouted it out so in their buskind braves of her beautie; whereof the only Circe's heypasse and repasse was that it drew a thousand ships to Troy to fetch her back with a pestilence. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 162). You wanted but key-pass to have made your transition like a mystical man of Stur- bridge. But for all your sleight of hand, our just exceptions against liturgy are not vanished. Milton, Animadv. on Eemonst., sect. 3. HIBERNOLOGIST, one learned in mat- ters relating to Ireland. We may fairly contrast his Hibernology with that of the Hibernoloyists of the present generation. Lord Strangford, Letters and Papers, p. 231. HIBERNOLOGY, teaching about Ire- land : a word formed like ^Egyptology. See preceding extract. HICKOCK, hiccup. The voice is lost in hickcocks, and the breath is stifled with sighs. Howell, Parly of Beasts, p. 23. i ) HIGHBOY Go to the stomack, it hath . . . singultus or the hicock. Ibid. p. 78. HIDAGE, a tax levied on every hide of land. All the king's supplies made from the very beginning of his raigne, are particu- larly againe and opprobriously rehersed, as . . . Carucage, Hydage, Escuage, Escheates, Amercements, and such like. Daniel, Hist, of Eng., p. 136. HIDE-BLOWN, gorged ; having the skin stuffed out. Ye slothful, hide-blown, gormandizing niggards. Taylor, Ph. van Art., Pt. I. i. 3. HIDE PARK ON THE WATER. The Thames, as being a fashionable place of resort formerly. I promised to go this evening to Hide Park on the water, but I protest I'm half afraid. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. i.). HIDING, a thrashing. " La, Susan," said George, with a doleful whine, " I wasn't going to shed the beggar's blood ; I was only going to give him a hiding for his impudence." Eeade, Never too late to mend, ch. i. HIERAPICRA, aloes and canella bark made into a powder with honey. In the quotation from Ward reference is made to the derivation of the word wpoc, sacred, iritcpoc, bitter. There is too much of this bitter zeal, of this Hierapicra in all our books of contro- versies. Ward, Sermons, p. 76. Tugwell began to complain of being very chill, and of the head-ache, and said " he was certainly going to have a fit of the ague, and should not be able to go any further." He then heavily bemoaned himself, and said, " If he were at home, . . . Madam Wildgoose would send him some Higry pigry, which would stop it at once." Graves, Spiritual Quixote, Bk. VIII. ch. xix. HIGGLERY GOODS, such goods as a higgler or hawker sells. Round the circumference is the Butter- market, with all the sorts of Higglery goods. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, ii. 142. HIGHBOY, a High Tory and Church- man, supposed to favour Jacobitism. North mentions Highmen as used in this sense. See quotation s. v. MOB- BIFY, and cf. LOW-BOY. Sir Roy. I am amaz'd to find you in the interest of the Hiyh-boys, you that are a clothier ! What, can you be for giving up trade to France, and starving poor weavers ? Aid. Trade, pish, pish, our parson says HIGH-CO CK-A-LORUM ( 312 ) HINCH that's only the Whigs' cant. Centlivre, Gotham Election. Ray. Sly. Down with that frenchify'd dog, Tickup. No High oy, no Hiyh Boy ! Shal. No Worthy, no Worthy; a High Boy, a High Boy ! [Exeunt fighting. Ibid. HIGH-COCK- A-LORUM, a game in which one set of boys stoop down in a row, and another set jump on their backs, and then repeat three times " high-cock- a-lorum jig, jig, jig.'' If the boys who give the backs do not break down under the weight till these words have been said, they change parts with their companions. Prisoner's base, rounders, high- cock -a- lorum, cricket, football, he was soon initiated iuto the delights of them all. Hughes, Tom Brown's School-Days, Pt. I. ch. iii. HIGH-DAY, full vigour : hey-day is more usual. The bucks of Edinburgh . . . have a cer- tain shrewdness and self-command that is riot often found among their neighbours in the high-day of youth and exultation. Smollett, Humphrey Clinker, ii. 50. Restless Brissot brings up reports, accusa- tions, endless thin logic ; it is the man's high-day even now. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. V. ch. vii. HIGHERING, ascending. In me put force To weary her ears with one continuous prayer, Until she let me fly discaged to sweep In ever-hiyhering eagle-circles up To the great Sun of Glory. Tennyson, Gareth and Lynette. HIGHERMOST, highest. The purest things are placed highermost. The earth as grossest is put in the lowest room, the water above the earth, the air above the water. Adams, i. 244. HIGHGATE, highway. In the quota- tion Dunstable is used disparagingly ; it usually is coupled with plainness and downrightness. Then should many worthy spirits get up the hiahgate of. preferment, and idle drones should not come nearer than the Dunstable highway of obscurity. Adams, i. 46. HIGH SHOES. The extract from Breton purports to be from a " country- man's letter to his beloved sweetheart." High shoes were part of a rustic's dress highlows(?). Cf. UPSTART. At p. 252 of Gauden's work he speaks of " hob- nails and-high shoes." Beleeve me I loue thee, and if my high shooes come home on Saturday, lie see thee on Sunday. Breton, Packet of Letters, p. 49. Marvel not if a man of so lofty a spirit could humble himself so far as to speak so correctedly in such auditories full of ignoble sectaries and high-shone clowns. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 165. No ingenuous man or woman thought that High Shoes and the Scepter of Government . . . could well agree together. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 17. The high Shoon of the Tenant payes for the Spanish-leather Boots of the Landlord. Fuller, Worthies, Hartford. HIGHTIDE, great festival. One may hope it will be annual and peren- nial ; a Feast of Pikes, Fete des Piques, not- ablest among the hightides of the year. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. II. Bk. I. ch. x. So have we seen fond weddings (for indi- viduals, like nations, have their hightides) celebrated with an outburst of triumph and deray at which the elderly shook their heads. Ibid. ch. xii. HILARY TERM. To keep Hilary term = to be cheerful or merry (Lat. hilaris). Fuller (Worthies, Yorkshire, ii. 495) has a similar pun, writing, "Mirth, ... if it doth not trespass in time, cause, and measure, Heraclitus, the sad philosopher, may perchance condemn ; but Saint Hilary, the good father, will surely allow." When God speaks peace to the soul . . . it gives end to all jars, and makes a man keep Hilary term all his life. Adams, i. 68. HILDEBRANDINE, pertaining to or like Hildebrand (Pope Gregory VII.). They sought by Hildebrandine arts to exalt themselves above all that is called God in civil Magistracy. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 566. HIMP, to limp. The first extract occurs in a very free translation of Iliad, ii. 212 219, containing the de- scription of Thersites. The original is simply \ia\fic, 5' ertpov irotia. Lame of one leg, and himping all his dayes. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 203. He toke heauily that the deformitee and disfigure of hymping on the one legge, which had come to him by the saied wounde did still remain. Ibid. p. 231. HINCH, to be stingy ; to grudge. These Romaines of whome I speake, being stressed and almoste brought to the last cast by the long and daungerous warres of Hani- bal and the Frenche, did, lyke louing fathers to their countrey, bring in their mony and goodes, without hinching or pinching, to re- HIND-SHIFTERS ( 313 ) HISN liefe the charges of their common welth. Aylmer, Harborough for faithful -subjects, 1559, Sig. O. iv. HIND-SHIFTERS, heels. Marry, for diving into fobs they [kan- garoos] are rather lamely provided a priori ; but if the hue and cry were once up, they would show as fair a pair of hind-shifters as the expertest loco-motor in the colony. Essays of Elia (Distant Correspondents). HINGE, hinj or hemp ; Cannabis Indica : from this several drugs are prepared. Cf. BENJ. I went from Agra to Satagam in Bengal, in the company of 180 boats laden with salt, opium, hinge, lead, carpets, and divers other commodities. R. Fitch, 1592 (Eng. Garner, iii. 194). HINGELESS, without a hinge. 'Tis a wondrous thing to see that mighty Mound, Hingeless and Axless, turn so swiftly round. Sylvester, Little Bartas, 264. HINT, used peculiarly here = after that hint or example (?) ; or can it mean condition ? If you be seers of Christ's flock, do as Jacob did, that thriving shepherd, look well to your sheep when they are in conceiving. What colour and tincture you give them in that hint, you shall know them by it for many years after. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 57. HIP, to give a cross-buttock in wrest- ling ; to throw one's adversary over the hip. See N. on the phrase have on the hip. The following extract rather supports Johnson's first explanation of the passage in the Merchant of Venice. And a prime wrestler as e'er tript, E'er gave the Cornish hug or hipt. Cotton, Burlesque upon Burlesque, p. 202. HIP, melancholy : abbreviation of hypochondria. A little while ago thou wast all hip and vapour, and now thou dost nothing but patronise fun. Mad. D'Arblay, Camilla, Bk. VI. ch. x. HIPPIATRY, horse-surgery. The horse pulled out his foot ; and, which is a wonderful thing in hippiatrie, the said horse was thoroughly cured of a ringbone which he had in that foot. Vrquhart's Rabe- lais, Bk. I. ch. xxxvi. HIPPOGONY, pedigree or origin of a horse. There was nothing supernatural in Nobs. His hippogony, even if it had been as the Doctor was willing to have it supposed he thought probable, would upon his theory have been in the course of nature, though not in her usual course. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxliv. HIPPS or HIPPO for hypochondria are among the " abbreviations exqui- sitely refined " that Swift sneers at in the introduction to Polite Conversation, Her ladyship was plaguily bambed ; I war- rant it put her into the Hipps. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. L). Heaven send thou hast not got the Hyps, How ? Not a word come from thy lips ? Ibid., Cassinus and Peter. When his mind is serene, when he is neither in a passion, nor in the hipps (sol- licitus), nor in liquor, then being in private, you may kindly advise him. Bailey's Eras- mus, p. 130. HIRABLE, " alias Gyraffa, alias Ana- bula ; an Indian sheep or a wilde sheep " (Sylvester in margin). Neer th' elephant comes tli' horned Hirable, Stream-troubling Camell, and strong-necked bull. Sylvester, sixth day, first tceeke, 104. HIRCINE, goatish, and so strong- smelling. The landlady saw, calmly put down her work, and coming up, pulled a hircine man or two hither, and pushed a hircine man or two thither, with the impassive countenance of a housewife moving her furniture. Reade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxiv. HIRUNDINE, pertaining to swallows. Why mention our Swallows, . . . swashing to and fro with animated, loud, long-drawn chirpings, and activity almost super-fa"?*!*??- dine. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. II. ch. ii HISH, explained by the editor {Par- ker Soc. edit.) "to make an insulting objection ; " it is only another form of hiss. The clear truth so manifestly proved that they cannot once hish against it. Tyndale, i. 432. HISKE, to open the mouth. To hiske against them [the Pope, &c.] was counted to cut the coat of Christ that had never a seam. Becon, i. 294. HIS'N, a vulgarism for his. The writer in the extract is supposed to be Mr. Anthony Harlowe, a gentleman of family and fortune. Mr. Solmes will therefore find something to instruct you in. I will not show him this letter of yours, though you seem to desire it, lest it should provoke him to be too severe a HISPANJCISM ( 314 ) HOB schoolmaster when you are his'n. Richard- son, Cl. Harloice, i. 242. HISPANICISM, a Spanish idiom. Temple had . . . gradually formed a style singularly lucid and melodious, superficially deformed indeed by gallicisms and hispani- cisnis picked up in travel or in negotiation, but at the bottom pure English. Macaulay, Essays (Sir W. Temple). HISTORIANESS, female historian. She is a great historianess, a most charm- ing, delightful woman. L. E. Landon (Life by Blanchard, i. 48). HISTOBIKTTE, little history. This French word is almost or quite natural- ized now. L. has it, but with no earlier instance than from Disraeli' s Coningsby. Tom Brown uses the Italian form. She thus continued her tragical historietto. T. Brown, Works, ii. 268. It is not amiss to subjoin here &o.Jdstoriette to shew the value of this minister. North, Life of Lord Guilford, ii. 143. HISTORIOGRAPH, a writer of history. One might expect from an historiograph a plain, honest, and full narration of the fact drawn from the authorities. North, Examen, p. 397. HISTORIOGRAPHY, historical writing. Haue you not beene a little red in Itistori- otjraphie, or doo you not remember aiiie pretty accident that hath fallne out in your trauaile, which in the discourse of your kiudnes might doe well to entertaine the tyme with? Breton, Wifs Trenchmour p. 13. HISTRIONICISM, theatrical or artificial manner. The Diets, have histrionism. How could this girl have taught herself, in the solitude of a savage island, a species of histrionicism which women in London circles strove for years to acquire, and rarely ac- quired in any perfection ? Black, Princess of Thule, ch. vi. HIT, thrown : a Berkshire provincial- ism. It was as neat a street as one ever sees in a fishing village, that is to say, rather an un- tidy one, for of all human employments, fishing involves more lumber and mess than any other. Everything past use was hit, as they say in Berkshire, out iuto the street. H. Kinysley, Ravenshoe, ch. xlii. HITCH, to hobble. When the water began to ascend up to their refuged hills, and the place of their hope became an island, lo, now they hitch up higher to the tops of the tallest trees. Adams, iii. 71. Punishment this day hitches (if she stil hitch) after Crime with frightful shoes-of- swiftness. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. V. ch. v. HITCHELL, to tease, or heckle. An hundred women, who sitting round in a ring, with a good fire in the raids before them, fell to hitchell and dresse hemp. Holland's Camden, p. 819. HITHERMORE, nearer. The . . . part of the Citty that stood on the hithermore Banke. Holland's Camden, p. 472. HITY - TITY, bo - peep (?) ; Peacock (Manley and Corringham Glossary, E. D. S.) gives " Highty-tighty, a see- saw ; " also off-hand, hoity-toity. What wilt thou say now, if Rachel stand now, aud play hity-tity through the keyhole, to behold the equipage of thy person? Jonson, Case is Altered, iv. 4. You know very well what I mean, sir! Don't try to turn me off in that hic/hty-ti have insisted on his customers always taking the horse which hap- pened to be next the door. Hence Hobsoris choice = no choice at all. If the phrase was in use among his con- temporaries, it is curious that Milton, who wrote two jocose epitaphs on Hob- son, should make no allusion to it. Brown refers to some piece of advice which was current in Hobson's name, but which, as he states it, does not seem to be very recondite. HOB'S POUND ( 316 ) HO CAN "Where to elect there is but one, Tis Hobson's choice, Take that or none. Ward, England's Reformation, c. 4, p. 326. There was no opposition, which was a dis- gust to the common people, for they wanted a competition to make the money fly ; and they said, Hobson's choice was no choice. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 163. As for those that are married, the best way they can take, as I presume, is to live as easy as they can ; and following the good counsel of Hobson the carrier, so to manage them- selves as not to tire before their journey's end. T. Brown, Works, iv. 175. HOB'S POUND, a fix : another form of, or perhaps a misprint for, Lob's pound, q. v. in N. "What ! are you all in Hob's pound ? "Well, they as will may let you out for me. Mad. D'Arblay, Camilla, Bk. IV. ch. iii. HOCK, HOCKS, deep mire. Hockly in the Hole, so named of the miry way in winter time. . . . For the old English- men our Progenitours called deepe myre hock and hocks. Holland's Camden, p. 402. HOCKI.EY IN THE HOLE, the bear-gar- den at Clerkenwell, but applied by Butler to the stocks, " alluding pro- bably " (says Dr. Grey) "to the two old ballads entitled, Ilockley i tJi Hole, to the tune of the Fidler in the Stocks." For he no sooner was at large, But Trulla straight brought on the charge, And in the self-same limbo put The Knight and Squire, where he was shut. Where leaving them at Hockley f th' Hole Their bangs and durance to condole, &c. Hudibras, I. iii. 1003. Hocus, a conjurer. Our pamphlet-monger (that sputters out senseless characters faster than any hocus can vomit inkle) will needs take upon him to he dictator of all society. Coffee-Houses Vindi- cated, 1675 (Harl. Misc., vi. 473). Did you never see a little hocus, by sleight of hand popping a piece several times first out of one pocket, and then out of another, persuade folks he was damnable full of money, when one poor size was all his stock ? Loyal Observator, 1683 (Harl. Misc., vi. 67). Hocus, to drug liquor. " Thft opposite party bribed the barmaid at the Town Arms to hocus the brandy-and- water of fourteen impelled electors as was a stoppin' in the house." " "What do you mean by hocussing bran dy-and-water ?" in- quired Mr. Pickwick. " Puttin' laud'num in it," replied Sam. Pickwick Papers, ch. xiii. For once in the palace we find Lady Alice Again playing tricks with her Majesty's chalice, In the way that the jocose in Our days term hocussing. Ingoldsby Lee/ends (Hauseicarming). HOCUS-POCUSLY, by stratagem, or as by a conjuring trick. Many of their hearers are not only method- istically convinced or alarmed, but are also hocus-pocusly converted ; for as some of their preachers employ all their art and rhetoric to alarm and terrify, so others of them use their utmost skill to give them assurance of their sins being pardoned. Life of J. Lack- ington, Letter vii. HODDED, bearing a hod. Workmen in olden times would mount a ladder With hodded heads. J. and H. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 120. HODGE, a peasant or countryman. These Arcadians are giuen to take the benefit of euerie Hodye, when they will sacri- fice their virginitie to Venus, . . . and sure this boy is but some shepheard's bastard. Greene, Menaphon, p. 58. HODGE-RAZORS. See quotation ; so called because sold to country bump- kins (?) Hodge-ra:ors in all conceivable kinds were openly marketed, which were never meant to shave, but only to be sold. Carlyle, Misc., iv. 289. HOG, a shilling : an old cant term, not peculiar to Ireland. " It's only a tester or a hog they want your honour to give 'em, to drink your honour's health," said Paddy. " A hog to drink my health ? " " Ay, that is a thirteen, plase your honour ; all as one as an English shilling." Miss Edgetporth, Ennui, ch. vi. HOG, to scrape a ship's bottom under water. A very bad world indeed in some parts hogged the moment it was launched a number of rotten timbers. Wolcot, P. Pin- dar, p. 168. HOG. Every hog his own apple = every one for himself. I let them have share and share while it lasted ; howsomever, I should have remem- bered the old saying, Every hog his men apple; for when they found my hold unstowed, they went all hands to shooling and begging ; and because I would not take a spell at the same duty, refused to give me the least assistance. Smollett, Rod. Random, ch. xli. HOG AN, some sort of liquor. Taylor, the water poet, speaks of a " high and mighty drink called Rug," and again of " Hogen Mogen Rugs." Perhaps HOG AN MOGAN ( 317 ) HOLLOW some liquor was called Hogan from its high or heady qualities. See N. and Q., V. i. 14. Those who toast all the family royal In bumpers of Hogan and Nog, Have hearts not more true or more loyal, Than mine is to sweet Molly Mog. Misc. by Swift, Pope, &c., iv., 222 (ed. 1733). For your reputation we keep to ourselves your not hunting nor drinking hoyan, either of which here would be sufficient to lay your honour in the dust. Gray to H. Walpole, 1737. HOGAN MOGAN, high and mighty : a corruption of ffoogmogende, the title of the States of the Netherlands ; hence sometimes = Dutch ; sometimes used for any persons who are great, or think themselves so. But I have sent him for a token To your low-country hogen-moyen. Hudibras, III. i. 1440. The poor distressed is become Hogan- Moyan, and the servus servorum, dominus dominantium. Character of a Fanatic, 1675 (Harl. Misc., vii. 636). Are . . . our armies commanded by hogan- mogan generals that hate our nation ? T. Brown, Works, iv. 122. I perceive that the Temple and Grey's Inn have declar'd me a publick enemy to the Hoghen-Moghen learned in the law. Gentle- man Instructed, p. 520. HOGGET, a two-year old sheep. Two or three of the weaklier hoggets were dead from want of air. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, ch. xlii. HOGGISH, piggishness ; brutal excess. At Corrachattachin's, in hoggism sunk. I got with punch, alas ! confounded drunk. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 108. HOGHOOD, the nature of a hog. The reckless shipwrecked man flung ashore, ... as hungry Parisian pleasure-hunter and half-pay, on many a Circe island with tempo- rary enchantment, temporary conversion into beasthood and hoghood. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. III. Bk. I. ch. vii. HOG IN ARMOUR, a simile for a person accoutred very cumbrously. There were abundant of those silken back, breast, and potts made and sold that were pretended to be pistol proof ; in which any man dressed up was as safe as in a house, for it was impossible any one could go to strike him for laughing ; so ridiculous was the figure, as they say of hoys in armour. North, Examen, p. 572. HOG-RUBBER, a clown. The very rusticks and hoy-rubbers, ... if once they tast of this Loue liquor, are inspired in an instant. Burton, Anatomy, p. 536. HOGS. To drive hogs = to snore. I'gad he fell asleep, and snored so loud, that we thought he was driving his hogs to market. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). HOGSTEER, a boar in its third year. See H. s. v. hoggaster. Hee scornes theese rascal tame games, but a sounder of hogsteers, Or thee brownye lion too stalck fro the mountain he wissheth. Stanyhurst, &n., iv. 163. HOICKS, to salute or encourage with the hunting cry. Our adventurer's speech was drowned in the acclamations of the fox-hunters, who now triumphed in their turn, and hoicksed the speaker, exclaiming, " "Well opened, Jowler; to 'un, to 'un again, Sweetlips." Smollett, Sir L. Greaves, ch. ix. HOLD, holding, land or tenement. I am the landlord, keeper, of thy holds, By copy all thy li ving lies in me. Greene, Friar Bacon, p. 170. HOLDFAST, firm ; steady. O Goodnesse, let me (Badnesse) thee em- brace With hold-fast armes of euer-lasting loue. Davies, Muse's Sacrifice, p. 12. HOLE, a scrape (slang). I should be in a deadly hole myself if all my customers should take it into their heads to drink nothing but water-gruel. Smollett, Sir L. Greaves, ch. xvi. I should take great pleasure in serving you, and getting you out of this hole, but my lord, you know, is a great man, and can, in a manner, do what he pleases with poor people. Johnston, Chrysal, i. 132. HOLINIGHT, festal night. "When the dusk holiday or holinight Of fragrant-curtain'd love begins to weave The woof of darkness thick for hid delight. Keats, The Day is Gone. HOLLANDERESS, woman of Holland. Being a Hollanderess, she only sent me most wretched food. Heine, Prose Misc., transl. by Fleishman, p. 101. HOLLOW, complete ; out and out, or easily. L. notices this colloquialism, but gives no example. So, my lord, you and I are both distanced > a hollow thing, damme. Colman, Jealous Wife, Act V. Wildfire reached the post, and Squire Burton won the match holloic. Miss Edge- worth, Patronage, ch. iii. HOLMEN HONE HOLMEN, belonging to the holm tree. Hee makes a shift to cut an kolmen pole. Sylvester, Maiden's Blush, 541. The lad here loads the Asse with holmen sprayes. Ibid. 1782. HOLUS-BOLUS, all at once. See extract 8. v. SAR. She appeared to lose all command over herself, and making a sudden snatch at the heap of silver, put it back holus-bolus in her pocket. Wilkie Collins, The Moonstone, Pt. I. ch. xv. HOLY, to canonize. Harp. I hug thee For drilling thy quick brains in this rich plot Of tortures 'gainst the Christians ; on ! I hug thee. Theoph. Both hug and holy me. Massinyer, Virgin Martyr, ii. 2. HOLYFAX LAW or INQUEST, to be hung first and tried afterwards. It is sug- gested (N. and Q., V. iv. 179) that this may be the origin of the phrase, "Go to Halifax; " also of the mention of this town in the thieves' Litany: "From Hell, Hull, and Halifax, Good Lord, deliver us." The h'rst quotation is from the same vol. of N. and Q., p. 16, and is part of an unpublished letter from Wentworth, explaining his con- duct in the matter of Lord Mount- morris. Alas! all this comes too late. Hallifax lawe hath been executed in kinde ; I am allready hanged, and now wee cum to ex- amine and consider of the evidence. More cruel than the craven satire's ghost, That bound dead bones unto a burning post; Or some more straight-laced juror of the rest Impanel'd of an Holyfax inquest. Hall, Sat., IV. i. 18. HOME. To bring oneself home = to recover what had been previously lost. Her patroness had very different fortune, having lost every rubber ; and, what was still worse, several by-bets which she had made to briny herself home. Johnston, Chrysal, \. 218. He is a little out of cash just now, as you may suppose by his appearance, so instead of buying books, he comes to sell them. How- ever, he has taken a very good road to bring himself home again, for we pay very hand- somely. Mad. D'Arblay, Cecilia, Bk. VIII. ch. viii. HOMELY, rough ; rude. The word might still be so applied to fare, ac- commodation, &c., but not as in the extract. Homely playe it is and a madde pastime where men by the course of the game go together by the eares, and many times murdre one an other. UdaTs Erasmus's Apophth., p. 218. HOMER, closer ; more home. To put the affront the homer, [Prince E;ipertJ resolv'd that very day to march quite thorow the middle of the Quarters. Prince Rupert's late beatiny up the rebels' quarters at Post-comb and Chenner, 1643, p. 2. HOME-SICKNESS, a pining for home. Home-sickness is a wasting pang, This feel I hourly more and more : There's healing only in thy wings, Thou breeze that play'st on Albion's shore! Coleridge, Home-sick. I firmly believe in the magnetic effect of the place where one has been bred, and have continually the true "heinuceh" home-sickness, of the Swiss and Highlanders. C. Kinysley (Life, i. 3). HOMEWARDLY, in the direction of home. It was eve "When homewardly I went. Southey, Hannah. HOMILISTICAL, belonging to or suited for homilies : homiletical is the usual word. These were the grand Divines in all Times and Places, not superficially armed with light armour, onely for the preaching or Homilisticall flourishes of a Pulpit, but with the weighty and complete armour of veter- aue and valiant souldiers. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 621. HOMUNCULE, mannikin. The giant saw the homuncule was irascible, and played upon him. Eeade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. vii. HOMY, home-like. I saw . . . plenty of our dear English "lady's smock" in the wet meadows near here, which looked very homy. C. Kinysley, 1864 (Life, ii. 168). HONE. See extract : the locality referred to is Yorkshire. Districts abounding in circular barrows, or, as they are here called from the Norse name, hones, and redundantly, lione-hills. Archtnol., xlii. 170 (1868). HONE, to lament. Some of the oxen in driving missed their fellows behind, and honing after them, bel- lowed, as their nature is. Holland, Livy, p. 6. She brought a servant up with her (said he), who hones after the country, and is actu- ally gone, or soon will. Richardson, Grandi- son, i. 264. HONEST WOMAN ( 319 ) HOOK Thou awakest to hone, and pine, and moan, as if she had drawn a hot iron across thy lips. Scott, Fair Maid of Perth, i. 105. He lies pitying himself, honing and moan- ing over himself. Lamb's Essays (The Con- valescent). HONEST WOMAN. A woman who is married after having been seduced is said to be made an honest woman. Kichardson calls it a Lancashire phrase, but I fancy it is common in most parts of England. "You yourself was brought to bed of sister there within a week after you was married." "Yes, hussy," answered the en- raged mother, " so I was, and what was the mighty matter of that? I was made an honest woman then ; and if you was to be made an honest woman I should not be angry." Fielding, Tom Jones, Bk. IV. ch. ix. The Lord grant, say I, that he may be laid hold of, and obliged to make a ruined girl an honest woman, as they phrase it in Lanca- shire. Richardson, Grandison, iv. 275. HONEY -BIRD, bee. The world have but one God, Heav'n but one Sun, Quails but one chief, the Hony-Birds but one, One Master-Bee. Sylvester, The Captaines, 1143. HONEY-BLOB. See first extract. As he returned to the Tower, he stopped the coach at Charing Cross to buy honey- blobs, as the Scotch call gooseberries. Wai- pole, Letters, i. 144 (1746). Rosey had done eating her pine-apple, artlessly confessing (to Percy Sibwright's inquiries) that she preferred it to the rasps and hinny-blobs in her grandmamma's garden. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xxiii. HONEYMOON, to spend a honeymoon. As soon as I can get his discharge, and he has done honeymooning, we shall start. Huylies, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xlvii. HONEY-PEOPLE, bees. Nor never did the pretty little king Of hony-people in a sunshine day Lead to the field in orderly array More busie buzzers, when he casteth (witty) The first foundations of his waxen city. Sylvester, The Furies, 330. HONEY-SOPS, a term of endearment. Will. Ha, my sweet honey-sops, how dost thou? Peg. Well, I thank you, William. Wily Beguiled (Hawkins, Eng. Dr., iii. 330). HONORIFICENCE, honour ; a doing of honours. There is honorijtcentia (rtatis, the honorifi- cence of age. Bp. Hall, Works, x. 255. HONOUR BRIGHT, a colloquial assur- ance of truth or sincerity. The phrase of the lowest of the people is "honour bright" and their vulgar praise, " His word is as good as his bond." Emerson, Eng. Traits, ch. vii. HONOURS, obeisance ; reverence. We observ'd there a colonel and his agent, upon whom a pretty brisk youth of about seventeen attended at three or four yards' distance in the rear, and made his honours upon every occasion.!'. Brown, Works, iii. 121. Caroline arose from her seat, made her curtsey awkwardly enough, with the air of a boarding-school miss, her hands before her. My father let her make her honours, and go to the door. Richardson, Grandison, ii. 190. HOODWINK, disguise ; concealment. N. quotes Drayton for this substantive, but there it means a game (hoodman- blind). No more dooth she laboure too mask her Phansye with hudwinck. Stanyhurst, ^En., iv. 176. HOOF. To beat or pad the hoof, or to be upon the hoof = to walk ; to be on the move. A mischance befel the horse which lam'd him as he went a wat'ring to the Seine, inso- much that the Secretary was put to beat the hoof himself, and foot it home. Howell, Letters, I. i. 17. These employments are laborious and mortifying ; a man that is thus upon the hoof can scarce find leisure for diversion. Gentle- man Instructed, p. 293. Charley Bates expressed his opinion that it was time to pad the hoof. This, it occurred to Oliver, must be French for going out, for directly afterwards the Dodger, and Charley, and the two young ladies went away to- gether. Oliver Tivist, ch. ix. HOOFY, belonging to a hoof. Hip- pocrene, a fountain near Helicon, is said to have sprung up when the ground was struck by the hoof of Pegasus. Then parte in name of peace, and softly on With numerous feete to Hoofy Helicon. Herrick, Appendix, p. 441. HOOK. To hook it is slang for to depart, or ran away ; perhaps from the practice referred to in the next entry. See quotation s. v. FLY. Every school-boy knows that the lion has a claw at the end of his tail, with which he lashes himself into fury. When the HOOK ( 320 ) HORN-MAD experienced hunter sees him doing that, he, so to speak, " hooks it." H.Kingsley, Ravens- hoe, ch. Ix. HOOK. Thieves used to steal things hanging up in shops by dexterously removing them with a hook. Is not this braver than sneak all night in danger, Picking of locks, or hooking cloths at win- dows. Allmmazar, iii. 3. HOOKER, a thief ; one who snatched things from a shop or stall with a hook. See H. s. v. hoker. Cf . HOOK. A false knaue needs no brokers, but a broker Needs a false knaue (a hangman or a hooker). Davies, Scourge of Folly, p. 43. These sly theeues and night-AooArers . . committed such felonious outrages. Hol- land, Pliny, xix. 4. HOOKY, hooked. And then the sordid bargain to close, With a miniature sketch of his hooky nose, And his dear dark eyes as black as sloes, And his beard and whiskers as black as those, The lady's consent he requited. Hood, Miss Kilmansegy. HOOSE, hose (?); clothe with hose (?). Clothe cut ouerthwart and agaynste the wulle can neuer hoose & manne cleane. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 124. HOP, a dancing party of an unfashion- able kind, though not always restricted to such, especially in the present day. Whilst the people of fashion seized several places to their own use, such as courts, assemblies, operas, balls, &c., the people of no fashion, besides one royal place called his Majesty's Bear-garden, have been in constant possession of all hops, fairs, revels, &c. Fielding, Jos. A ndreics, Bk. II. ch. xiii. [The vulgar] now thrust themselves into all assemblies, from a ridotto at St. James's to a hop at Rotherhithe. Smollett, Hum- phrey Clinker, i. 134. I remember last Christmas, at a little hop at the Park, he danced from eight o'clock till four. Miss Austen, Sense and Sensibility, ch. ix. I guess this is a different sort of business to the hops at old Levison's, where you first learned the polka, and where we had to pay a shilling a glass for negus. Thackeray, Ntwcomes, ch. xxii. HOP. The absurd etymology in the extract may be worth preserving. No commodity starteth so soon and sink- eth so saddainly in the price, whence some will have them [hops'] so named from hopping in a little time betwixt a great distance in valuation. Fuller, Worthies, Essex (i. 337). HOPPER, a hop-picker. Many of these hoppers are Irish, but many come from London. Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, xi. HOPPER-CROW. Hopper a seed- basket, and crows follow the fanner when he is sowing corn, picking up what they can, yet this seems hardly to explain "gather feathers" in the extract. What ! was I born to be the scorn of kin ? To gather feathers like a hopper-crow, And lose them in the height of all my pomp ? Greene, James IV., \. 2. HOPPER-HIPPED, lame in the hip. She is bow-legged, hopper-hipped, and be- twixt pomatum and Spanish red has a com- plexion like Holland cheese. Wycherley, Love in a Wood, ii. 1. HOP -SCOT, a game, usually called hop-scotch. A boy hopping on one foot pushes therewith a stone from one square to another in a plan marked on the ground. A very common game at every school called hop-scot. Archaologia, ix. 18 (1789). HORKEY, harvest-home feast. Home came the jovial Horkey load, Last of the whole year's crop ; And Grace amongst the green boughs rode, Kight plump upon the top. Bloonifield, The Horkey. HORMANGORGS, apparently = legs or feet. Without those gaiters I know not how my poor hormanyorgs are to be kept warm. Southey, Letters, 1811 (ii. 235). HORNER, adulterer or cuckold-maker. And many a Lawyer was painstaker 'Twixt cuckold and the cuckold-maker ; Till th' Jury weighing the disgraces, And that it might be their own cases, Their favour gave with sense adorn 'd, Not to the homer, but the horn'd. WUrfey, Collins Walk, cunt. 3. HORN-MAD, raving mad : generally with some reference to cuckoldom. All that I speak I mean, yet I'm not mad, Not horn-mad, see you ? Go to, show yourself Obedient, and a wife. Jonson, Fox, iii. 6. Proud and vainglorious persons are cer- tainly mad ; and so are lascivious : I can feele their pulses beat hither, horne mad some of them, to let others lye with their wives and winke at it. Burton, Democ. to Reader, p. 74. Death and Furies, will you not hear me 't Why, by Heaven, she laughs, grins, points to your back ; she forks out cuckoldom with her fingers, and you're running horn mad after HORN-MADDED ( 321 ) HORSE AND FOOT your fortune. Conyreve, Double Dealer, Act IV. HORN- MADDED, made very mad: there is probably also a reference to cuckoldorn. The Houses know not what to think, The Cits horn-madded be. Needham, Eiig. Rebellion, 1661 (Harl. Misc., ii. 523). HORN-SHEATH, scabbard of horn. Among other customs they have in that town [Genoa], one is, that none must carry a pointed knife about him ; which makes the Hollander, who is us'd to snik and snee, to leave his horn-sheath and knife a shipboard when he comes ashore. Ho well. Letters. I. i.41. HORRIFIGATION, something that causes horror. As the old woman and her miserable blue light went on before us, I could almost have thought of Sir Betrand, or of some German horrifications. Miss Edgeworth, Belinda, ch. iii. HORHISONANT, terribly sounding. If it had been necessary to exact implicit and profound belief by mysterious and hori- sonant (sic) terms, he could have amazed the listener with the Lords of Decanats, the Five Fortitudes, and the Head and Tail of the Dragon. Southey, The Doctor, ch. Ixxxvi. HORROR, awe, without any repug- nance implied. That super-coelestial food in the Lord's Supper which a Christian ought not once to think of without a sacred kind of horror and reverence. Hacket, Life of Williams, ii. 56. The Abbey of Westminster . . . struck a sort of sacred horror into us, and inspir'd an unsought devotion to the deity it was erected to. T. Brown, Works, iii. 126. HORRORS, extreme depression, especi- ally that which follows on hard drink- ing, or the terror suffered in delirium tremens. As you promise our stay shall be short, if I don't die of the horrors, I shall certainly try to make the agreeable. Miss Ferrier, Marriage, ch. iii. Give me the keys, dad, and let me get a drink of brandy ; I've been vexed and had nought to drink all night. I shall be getting the horrors if I don't have something before I go to bed. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. vi. HORSE, a stand or framework on which anything is placed or sup- ported. Cf. CLOTHES-HORSE. The ex- tract is from a description by a gentle- man to an English friend of his passage over M. Cenis. A kind of horse, as it is called with you, with two poles like those of chairmen, was the vehicle ; on which is secured a sort of elbow-chair in which the traveller sits Richardson, Grandison, iv. 299. HORSK, to ride ; also to mount a boy on another person's back, for the con- venience of flogging him. L. has an instate where the word is used of a man who was carrying a deer on his back. Up early, and my father and I alone talked about our business, and then we all horsed away to Cambridge. Pepys, Sept. 19, 1661. Here, Jacky, down with his trousers, and horse him for me directly. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 104. Andrew was ordered to horse, and Frank lo flog the criminal. Ibid. i. 232. HORSE, used as a term of reproach : this I suppose to be the meaning of the pun in the second extract. If I tell thee a lie, spit in my face, call me horse. 1 Hen. IV., II. iv. Your mayor (a very horse, and a traitor to our city) . . . must quarrel with the boys at their recreations. British Bellman, 1648 (Harl. Misc., vii. 635). Tell the old rascal that sent you hither that I spit in his face, and call him horse. Smollett, P. Pickle, ch. xiv. HORSE. After this we went to a sport called selling of a horse for a dish of eggs and herrings, and sat talking there till almost twelve at night. Pepys, Feb. 2, 1659-60. HORSE. To ride the high horse = to take high ground ; to be proud. She appeared to be on her high horse to- night ; both her words and her air seemed intended to excite not only the admiration, but the amazement of her auditors. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xvii. Rooster forsooth must ride the high horse now he is married and lives at Chanticlere, and give her warning to avoid my company or his. Thackeray, The Newcomes, ch. Ivii. HORSE AND FOOT, right and left. I made a dangerous thrust at him, and violently overthrew him horse and foot. Grim, The Collier, Act IV. The house always found out who were their guardians and sponsors to answer for them ; and such never failed through their indiscretions, presumptions, importunities, subterfuges, or tricks, to give advantage against themselves ; and in a few days com- monly were routed horse and foot. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 175. She played at pharaoh two or three times at Princess Craon's, where she cheats horse and foot. Walpole, Letters, i. 87 (1740). V HORSE AND HATTOCK ( 322 ) HORSINESS HORSE AND HATTOCK. See quotation and H. s. v. Being in the fields, he heard the noise of a whirlwind, and of voices crying, Horse and Hattock (this is the word which the fairies are said to use when they remove from any place), whereupon he cried Horse and Hattock also, and was immediately caught up and transported through the air by the fairies. Letter to Aubrey, March 25, 169l(Misc., p. 149). Away with you, sirs, get your boots and your beasts horse and hattock, I say, and let us meet at the East Port. Scott, Fair Maid of Perth, i. 140. HORSE -GODMOTHER, a large coarse woman. In woman, angel-sweetness let me see, No galloping horse-yodmothers for me. Wolcot, P. Pindar, p. 14. HORSE-KOPER, horse-dealer. Cope = to exchange. The place spoken of is Penkrige in Staffordshire. "We were told there were not less than an hundred jockeys or horse-kopers, as they call them there, from London, to buy horses for sale. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, ii. 397. HORSE-MEAL, food without drink. Eating never hurt any one who washed down his victuals with a glass of good wine ; horse-meals indeed are enough to choak hu- man creatures. Johnston, Chrysal, i. 220. HORSE NEST, something ridiculous or unfounded : mares nest is more com- mon. Soom grammatical pullet, hacht in Dis- pater his sachel, would stand clocking agaynat mee, as though hee had found an horse nest, in laying that downe for a fait that perhaps I dooe knowe better then hee. Stanyhurst, Virgil (To the .Reader). To laugh at a horse nest, And whine too like a boy, If anything do crosse his miude, Though it be but a toy. Breton, Schoole of Fancie, p. 6. HORSE NIGHT-CAP. N., who cites the first extract, explains it " a bundle of straw," but it eeems to mean a night- cap used at executions. Those that clip that they should not, shall have a horse niyht-cap for their labour. Pennyless Parliament, 1608 (Harl. Misc., i. 181). He better deserves to go up Holbonrn in a wooden chariot, and have a horse niyht-cap put on at the farther end. Dialogue on Ox- ford Parliament, 1681 (Ibid. ii. 125). HORSE-PLAY, rough sport. Horse in composition of ten means large or course : horse-lauyh, horse-godmother, &c. They served you right enough ; will you never have done with your horse-play? (Jibber, Prov. Husband, Act II. HORSEPONDED, ducked in a horsepond. " Horsewhipt ! Miss Beverley, pray did you say any such thing ? " " Ay," cried Monctou again, " and not only horsewhipt, but horseponded, for she thought when one had heated, the other might cool you." Mad. D'Arblay, Cecilia, Bk. VI. ch. x. If she had ordered me to be horseponded, I do protest to you I would not have de- murred. Ibid., Camilla, Bk. III. ch. x. HORSE RUNNING, horse race. The Forest of Galtres, . . . very notorious in these daies by reason of a solemne horse running, wherein the horse that outrunneth the rest hath for his prise a little golden bell. Holland's Camden, p. 723. HORSES. To set up horses together = to unite or agree. See another extract from Brown, s. v. TUB-DRUBBER. If the Spaniards and French set up their horses no better in your world than they do with us, 'tis easy to predict that the unna- tural conjunction of the two kingdoms will be soon shatter'd to pieces. T. Brown, Works, ii. 288. HORSE'S-LEG, a species of bassoon. He was also taught . . . how to play pass- ably upon several of those numerous instru- ments which make up a complete country choir ; that called the Horse 's-leg being Asaph's favourite ; though, to speak the truth, nearly as much music might have been brought out of its prototype as he ever produced from the Bassoon itself. Legends of London, ii. 183 (1832). HORSE-TRICK, a rough practical joke. Make her leap, caper, jerk, and laugh, and sing, And play me horse-tricks. Merry Devil of Edmonton (Dodsley, 0. PL, xi. 136). HORSEWOMAN, a woman who rides. Nor did her attendant do her much good by his comments on Miss Crawford's great cleverness as a horsewoman. Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. vii. HORSINESS, that which pertains to horses, as the smell of a stable. Eli:. Your boots are from the horses. Bed. Ay, my lady. "When next there comes a missive from the Queen, It shall be all my study for one hour To rose and lavender my horsiness, Before I dare to glance upon your Grace. Tennyson, Queen Mary, iii. 5. HORSY ( 3*3 ) HOT WATER HORSY, connected with horses ; sport- ing. There was a gentleman with bandy legs who was horsy. I strongly object to using a slang adjective, if any other can be got to supply its place ; but by doing so sometimes one avoids a periphrasis, and does not spoil one's period. Thus I know of no predicate for a gentleman with a particular sort of hair, complexion, dress, whiskers, and legs, except the one I have used above. H. Kinysley, Ravenshoe, ch. xxx. HOSE. The hose are meant for the feet or legs, hence perhaps a man with a hose on his head = a fool, one with the wrong side uppermost. Well, come, a man's a man if he has but a hose on his head. Swift, Polite Conversation (Conv. ii.). HOSE, the outer covering of straw or corn. The hot Sun arising sealeth (to use the Husbandman's phrase) the Mildew upon the Straw, and so intercepteth the nourishment betwixt the Root and the Ear, especially if it falleth not on the Hoase (which is but another case, and hath another Tunicle under it), but on the stripped Straw near to the top of the Stalk. Fuller, Worthies. Middle- sex (ii. 48). The honey-dews . . . close and glew up the tender hose of the ear. Ellis, Modern Hus- bandman, II. i. 2 (1750). HOSE AND DOUBLET, Out and out (?) ; or perhaps " hose and dublet stinck- ard " = one who bewrays his clothes. O tis a grave old louer that same Duke, And chooses minions rarely, if you marke him: The noble Medice,that man, that Bobbadilla, That foolish knaue, that hose and dublet stinckard. Chapman, Gentleman Vsher,v. 1. HOSELESS, without stockings. She smiled, and calmly seating herself, protruded her foot, shod, but hoseless and scented. Eeade, Cloister and Hearth, ch. xxiv. HOST. To reckon without one's host = to be disappointed in a plan. Hey- lin gives the proverb in a fuller form. See also H. s. v. He that hath to deale with that nation [Spain] must have good store of phlegme and patience, and both for his staye and suc- cesse of businesse, may often reckon ttrithout his host upon the businesse went about, and for any one to prescribe a precise time to conclude any businesse there, is to reckon without one's host. Howell, Forraine Travell, sect. 10. The old English proverb telleth us that "they that reckon without their host are to reckon tmce ; " and so it fared with this in- fatuated people. Heylin, Hist, of Reforma- tion, i. 93. HOT-BRAIN, an impetuous, fiery per- son. Orators' wives shortly will be known like images on water-stairs, ever in one weather- beaten suit, as if none wore hoods but monks and ladies, . . . nor perriwigs but players and hot-brains. Machin, Dumb Kniyht, Act I. HOTEL. See extract. Ash's Diction- ary (1775) has " Hostel, an inn, an hotel;" Barclay (1792) has "Hostel, pronounced Hotel ; " and Walker (1817) gives " Hostel, Hotel, a genteel inn : this word is now universally pronounced and written without the ." In the quotation from Combe the word requires to be pronounced after the fashion of Meg Dods. This Gallic word (hotel) was first introduced in Scotland during the author's childhood, and was so pronounced \hottle] by the lower class. Scott, St. Ronan's Well, ch. i., note. He a convenient sitting shar'd ; Pat took his place beside the guard ; And having safe arriv'd in town, At Hatchett's Hotel were set down. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour II. c. vi. HOT-FOOT, quickly ; eagerly : in the form fote-hot it occurs in early writers. SeeH. The stream was deep here, but some fifty yards below was a shallow for which he made off hot-foot. Hughes, Tom Urown's School- Days, Pt. I. ch. ix. HOT-TOT. Grose, quoted by H., defines it a mixture of ale and spirits made hot, and it is still used in Sussex in this sense (Parish's Glossary), but in the subjoined extract it means some hot edible. The Colonel himself was great at making hash mutton, hot-pot, curry, and pillau. Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xvi. HOTTENTOTISM. See extract. The very name of Hottentots applied to the Mamaques and other kindred tribes ap- pears to be . . a rude imitative word coined by the Dutch to express the clicking " hot en- tot," and the term Hottentotism has been thence adopted as a medical description of one of the varieties of stammering. E. Tyler, Primitive Culture, i. 172. HOTTERING, raging. Haply, but for her, I should ha' gone hotteriny mad. Dickens, Hard Times, ch. xi. HOT WATER, scrape, or state of quar- relling. y 2 HOULLIES (324) HO USE- TO-HO USE " It is our battle he is describing." " Which of 'em ? we live in hot-water." Readt, Never too late to Mend, ch. Ixx. Toin . . . was in everlasting hot water as the most incorrigible scapegrace for ten miles round. C. Kingsley, Two Years Ayo, ch. i. HOULLIES. See extract. The occasion why I was mention'd was from what I had said in my Sylva three years before about a sort of fuell for a neede which obstructed a patent of Lord Carling- ford, who had been seeking for it himselfe. ... In the meantime they had made an experiment of my receipt of houllies, which I mention in my booke to be made at Maes- tricht with a mixture of charcoal dust and loame, and which was tried with successe at Gresham Colledge. Evelyn, Diary, July 2, 1667. HOUND. The etymology in the text is cited as curious, rot as correct. The extract is from a Treatise on English Dogs, written by Dr. Cains in Latin for Conrad Gesner, 1536, and translated by A. Fleming, 1576. Hound is derived of our English word " hunt." One letter changed into another, namely, T into D, as " hunt," " hund : " whom if you conjecture to be so named of your country word Hunde, which signifieth the general name " Dog," because of the simili- tude and likeness of the words, I will not stand in contradiction, friend Gesner ! . . . . As in your language hunde is the common word, so in our natural tongue dog is the universal ; but hound is particular, and a special ; for it signifieth such a dog only as serveth to hunt, and therefore it is called a hound. Eng. Garner, iii. 263. HOUSE. L. illustrates Tke House = House of Parliament, also theatre ; but The House likewise = the Union work- house. We've had Larkins the baker coming to inquire if there's parish pay to look to for your bill, Mrs. Armstrong, and I have told him No, not a farthing, not the quarter of a farthing, unless you'll come into the house. Mrs. Trollope, Michael Armstrong, ch. iv. HOUSE-DOVE, a stay-at-home. Then the home-tarriers and house-doves that kept Home still began to repent them that it was not their hap to go with him. North's Plutarch, Coriolanus, p. 14 (ed. Skeat). Tis as daintie to see you abroad as to eate a messe of sweete milke in Italy ; you are proude such a house done of late, or rather so good a Huswife, that no man may see you under a couple of Capons. Greene, Mena- phon, p. 85. I ... was not such a house-dove . . . but that I had visited some houses in London. Ibid., Theeves falling out, 1615 (Harl. Misc., viii. 401). He had two daughters that knew well how to order a house : they were his house-doves, but now they are flown. Broome, Jovial Crew, Act IV. HOUSELESSNESS, the condition of having no house. In the course of those nights I finished my education in a fair amateur experience of houselessness. Dickens, Uncommercial Travel- ler, xiii. HOUSELET, little house. The style of building strikes as being more roomy and gentlemanlike than the squeezed cabin-parloured houselets of Dover. W. Taylor, 1802 (Robberds, Memoir, i. 410.) HOUSEMATE, one who resides with another. A stranger of reverend aspect entered, and, with grave salutation, stood before the two" rather astonished housemates. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, Bk. II. ch. i. HOUSE-MOTHER, the mistress of a family: housewife is the more usual term. Men know not what the pantry is when it grows empty ; only house-mothers know. O women, wives of men that will only calculate, and not act! Patrollotism is strong; but death by starvation and military onfall is stronger. Patrollotism represses male pa- triotism, but female patriotism ? Carlyle, Fr. Rev., Pt. I. Bk. VII. ch. iii. The house-mother comes down to her family with a sad face. Thackeray, Roundabout Pa- pers, xviii. HOUSE OUT OF WINDOWS, a state of confusion. We are at home now ; where, I warrant you, you shall find the house flung out of the windows. JBeaum. and Fl., Knt. of B. Pestle, iii. 5. Who troubles the house? Not unruly, headstrong, debauched children, that are ready to throw the house out of windows, but the austere father. Bp. Hall, Works, v. 195. " I rejoice yon are come," says she ; " did you not meet the house in the square ? " " What means my Emily ? " " Why, it has been flung out of windows, as the saying is. Ah, Madam, we are all to pieces.' ; Richard- son, Grandison, iv. 219. HOUSE-TO-HOUSE, a compound word used adjectivally, and meaning that every house in a place is visited or canvassed or inspected, as the case m iy be, in regular order. I am struck more and more with the amount of disease and death I see around HOUSE-WARM ( 325 ) HUDDLE me in all classes, which no sanitary legisla- tion whatsoever could touch, unless you had a complete house -to- house visitation of a government officer, with powers to enter every house, to drain and ventilate it, and not only do that, but to regulate the clothes and the diet of every inhabitant, and that among all ranks. C. Kinysley, 1859 (Life, ii. 96). HOUSE-WARM, to make a feast on persons going into a new house. The substantive house-warming is in com- mon use. Up, and was presented by Burton, one of our smiths' wives, with a very noble cake, which I preseutly resolved to have my wife go with to-day, and some wine, and house- warm my Betty Michell. Pepys, Nov. 1, 1666. HOUSTY. See quotation. Lady Grenvile . . had a great opinion of Lucy's medical skill, and always sent for her if one of the children had a housty, i. e. sore- throat. C. Kinysley, Westward Ho, ch. xv. MOVABLE, suitable. In the edition of 1555 the reading is behouable. Vouchesaue to here our wretchednes, and prouyde a convenyeut and houable remedy for the same. Bp. Fisher, p. 51. How AND ABOUT, full particulars. Be good, and write me everything how and about it ; and write to the moment ; you cannot be too minute. Richardson, Grandi- son, vi. 63. HOWRY, filthy. See Glossary to the Exmoor Scolding (E. D. S.), s. v. Jiorry. I 'ears es 'e'd gie fur a howry owd book thutty pound an' moor. Tennyson, Village Wife. HOWSOMDEVER, a common vulgarism for however. Howsomever occurs in a quotation from Smollett, s. v. HOG. The countrymen referred to in the second extract are Berkshire men. I didn't like my burth tho', howsomdever, Because the yarn, you see, kept getting tauter. Hood, Sailor's Apology for J3ow-lec/s. Howsumdever, as your countrymen say, I shall have a shy at him. Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, ch. xliv. HOYDENISH, romping. She is very handsome, and mighty gay and giddy, half tonish and half hoydenish. Mad. D'Arblay, Diary, i. 306. She would be the better for a little polish- ing, wouldn't she, eh ? Too hoydenish and forward, I am afraid ; too fond of speaking the truth. H. Kinysley, Geoffry Hamlyn, ch. xxviii. Has, abbreviation of husband. Tell me the prattle of our town, Of all that's passing and has past, Since your dear Hub beheld it last. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour I. c. ix. HUBBER-BUBBER, in a state of rage or excitement. But as the staircase he descended, He found the passage well defended ; There the hag stood, all hubber-bubber, A half.-dress'd form of living blubber. Combe, Dr. Syntax, Tour III. c. iv. HUBBUBISH, noisy. Better remain by rubbish guarded, Than thus hubbubish groan placarded. J. and H. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 58. HUCK, hip. Once of a frosty night I slithered and hurted my huck. Tennyson, Northern Cobbler. HUCKABACK, a stout, coarse material ; hence used by Walpole for permanent, something that will stand wear and tear. Campbell - goodness no more wears out than Campbell-beauty ; all their good quali- ties are huckaback. Walpole, Letters, ii. 121 (1759). Madame Dunois in the Fairy Tales used to tapestry them with jonquils, but as that furniture will not last above a fortnight in the year, I shall prefer something more huckaback. Ibid. iii. 24 (1765). HUCKLE-BONE, according to the Diets, hip-bone, and in some places it means this, but see extract. 'AcrrpdyaAos is in Latin talus, and it is the little square huccle bone in the ancle place of the hinder legge in all beastes, sauing man, and soche beastes as haue fingers, as for ex- ample, apes and mounkeis, except also beastes that haue the houfe of the fote not clouen, but whole. Udal's Erasmus's Apophth., p. 185. HUCKSON, hock or ankle. Or, sweet lady, reach to me The abdomen of a bee ; Or commend a cricket's hip, Or his huckson to my scrip. Herrick, Hesperides, p. 239. HUDDE, a husk ; and so a term of reproach : an empty fellow. What, ye brain-sick fools, ye hoddy-pecks, ye doddy-pouls, ye huddes, do ye believe Him ? are ye seduced also ? Latimer, i. 136. HUDDLE, confusedly. Ib is impossible to set forth either all that was (God knoweth!) tumultuously spoken, and like as of mad men objected of so many, which spake oftentimes huddle, so that one couldn't well hear another. Ridley, p. 304. HUDDLE ( 326 ) HUGMATEE HUDDLE, a term at shovel-board. The Earl of Kildare, seeing his writ of death brought iu, when he was at shuffle- board, throws his cast with this in his mouth, " Whatsoever that is, this is for a huddle." Ward, Sei'mons, p. 58. HUDDLE AND KETTLE. Huddle = an old person, is in N., but I do not know what kettle means in this con- nection. Stro. O noble Crone, Now such a huddle and kettle neuer was. Chapman, Gentleman Vsher, ii. 1. HUDDLE - DUDDLE, an old decrepit person. Those gray - beard huddle - duddles and crusty cum-twaugs were strooke with such stinging remorse of their miserable euclion- isme and snudgery that hee was not yet cold in his grave but they challenged him to be borne amongst them. NasJie, Lenten Stuffe (Marl. Misc., vi. 147). HUDDLE UPON HUDDLE, all in a heap. Randal's fortunes come tumbling in like lawyers' fees, huddle upon huddle. Rowley, Match at Midnight, Act IV. HUE, beauty. Nor do I come, as Jupiter did erst Unto the palace of Amphitryon, For any fond or foul concupiscence Which I do bear to Alcumena's hue. Greene, Alphonsus, Act III. As thus I sat disdaining, of proud Love, " Have over, ferryman," there cried a boy ; And with him was a paragon for hue, A lovely damsel beauteous and coy. Ibid. p. 300 (from Never too late). HUE AND CRY, to hunt. But what is become of the rest of our minor plots of the Sham ? We may hue and cry all over his book, and hear no tidings of them. North, Examen, p. 233. HUELESS, colourless. The wild expression of intense anguish . . . dwelt on those hueless and sunken fea- tures. Lytton, Pelham, ch. vi. His face flushed ; olive cheek and hueless forehead received a glow. C. Bronte, Jane Eyre, ch. xxvi. HUFF, a swaggerer. There are many men in the world who, without the least arrogance or self-conceit, have yet so just a value both for themselves and others, as to scorn to flatter and gloss, to fall down and worship, to lick the spittle and kiss the feet of any proud, swelling, overgrown, domineering huff whatsoever. South, vi. 107. I was acquainted with a captain ; he was a man of punctilio and ceremony, better at his tongue than at his weapon ; he swore better than he fought, and was more famous for caning his company than for storming half- moons. This young huff commanded a ser- geant to pay him respect. Gentleman In- structed, p. 185. HUFFCAP, as meaning strong ale, is given in N., but in the extract it is used as an adjective. In what towne there is the signe of the three mariners, the huffe-cappest drink in that house you shall be sure of alwayes. Nashe, Lenten Stuffe (Earl. Misc., vi. 180). HUFFINESS, readiness to take of- fence. The writer of a letter in TJie Guardian newspaper, March 17, 1880, speaks of " huffiness (if I may coin the word)." It would be time well spent that should join professional studies with that degree of polite culture which gives dignity and cures huffiness. Lytton, What trill he do with it ? Bk. IV. ch. xi. HUFFLE. H. gives this as a West- country word = to blow unsteadily or rough. Juno addresses ^olus, as em- powered by Jove, Too swage seas surging, or raise by blus- terus huffling. Stanyhurst, ^En., i. 75. HUFF-PUFFED, swollen ; bloated. Hvff-pufft Ambition, tinder-box of war, Down-fall of angels, Adam's murderer ! Sylvester, The Decay, 12. HUFFY, ready to take offence. L. has both huffy and huffiness, but in a somewhat different sense. Huffy ! decidedly huffy ! and of all causes that disturb regiments and induce courts- martial, the commonest cause is a huffy lad. Lytton, What will he do with it? Bk. IV. ch. xi. HUGE, used as a substantive for bulk. The Arke of God which wisedom more did holde In Tables two, then all the Greeks haue tolde ; And more than euer Rome could comprehend In huge of learned books that they ypend. Hudson's Judith, i. 102. HUGGER, to wrap up ; conceaf. Cf. HUGGER-MUGGER. Goe, Muse, abroade, and beate the world about, Tell trueth for shame and hugger vp no ill. Breton, Pasquil's Madcappe, p. 11. HUGMATEE, apparently some sort of drink. No hugmatee nor flip my grief can smother, I lov'd thee, Dobbin, better than my brother. T. Brown, Works, iv. 218. HULCHY ( 327 ) HUMBLING HULCHY, humpy. "What can be the signification of the uneven shrugging of her hulchy shoulders ? Urquhart, Rabelais, Bk. III. ch. xvii. HULDEB, alder (?). Hulder, black thorne, serues tree, beche> elder, aspe, and salowe, eyther for theyr wekenes or lyghtenesse make holow, starting, studding, gaddyuge shaftes. Aschain, Toxo- philus, p. 125. HULKING, huge ; unwieldy. Hulk is a big ship, and is applied by Shake- speare to Falstaff. Why, Tom, you are grown a huge hulking fellow since I saw you last. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, ii. 165. HULKY, big ; loutish. I want to go first and have a round with that hulk}/ fellow who turned to challenge me. G. Eliot, 3Iiddlemarch, ch. Ivi. HULL, holly. Oft did a left hand crow foretell these things in her hull tree. Welbe, Discourse of Eny. Poetrie, p. 74. HULLABALOO, noise ; outcry. Because some half-a-dozen farmers sent me a round-robin to the effect that their rents were too high, and I wrote them word that the rents should be lowered, there was such a hullabaloo, you would have thought heaven and earth were coming together. Lytton, Caxtons, Bk. XIV. ch. v. HULVE, pipe (?). The trunk or hulve that should convey the water. Giles Jacob, Complete Court-Keeper (1781), p. 114. HUMBER, hummer (?). The river according to some is so called from its noise. " Well may the Humber take its name from the noise it makes, for in an high wind it is incredibly great and terrible " (Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, iii. 11). though at p. 60 of the same volume another derivation is given, viz., from Humber, a piratical Northern chief. The Nightingale, pearcht on the tender spring Of sweetest hawthorn, hangs her drowsie wing, The Swallow's silent, and the lowdest Humber, Leaning upon the earth, now seems to slumber. Sylvester, The location, 606. HUM, to humbug or deceive. I don't mean to cajole you hither with the expectation of amusement or entertainment ; you and I know better than to hum or be hummed in that manner. Mad. D'Arllay, Diary, ii. 153. "Come, gentle Spring, ethereal mildness, come ! " Oh, Thomson, void of rhyme as well as reason, How could'st thou thus poor human nature hum ? There's no such season. Hood, Spring. HUM AND HAW, to hesitate ; to beat about the bush ; used also (in the first quotation) as a substantive. Peters more scurvily said the business was so long doubtful, that God was brought to his hums and haices, which way he should fling the victory. Paman to Saticroft, March 5, 1652 (D'Oyley's Life of Sancroft, p. 49). " Well, you fellow," says my lord, " what have you to say ? Don't stand humming and liamny, but speak out." Tom Jones, Bk. VIII. ch. xi. HUMAXIFY, to make man. I will not dispute whether He could not have received us again to favour by some nearer and easier way than for His own Son to be humanified, and being man to be cruci- fied. Adams, iii. 211. HUMBLED, galled (?). If one lay them very hot to kibed or humbled heeles, they will cure them. Hol- land, Pliny, xx. 3. HUMBLEFICATION, humility. The Prospectus . . . has about it a sort of unmanly humblefication which is not sincere. Southey, Letters, 1809 (ii. 120). HUMBLE-PIE. To eat humble-pie = to submit or apologize. It is a pun on umble-pie, a pie made of the umbles of an animal. See L. " You drank too much wine last night, and disgraced yourself, sir," the old soldier said. " You must get up and eat humble-pie this morning, my boy." Thackeray, Newcomes, ch. xiv. HUMBLESSO, an obeisance ; a jocular form of humblesse. He kissed his hand thrice and made as many humblessos ere he would finger it. A'ashe, Lenten Stuffe (Harl. Misc., vi. 172) . HUMBLING. N., s. v. h^t,mble-bee, says that Todd has produced from Chaucer an instance of humbling in the sense of humming or rumbling. An example from a later writer is subjoined, and another still later, i. e. from Stanyhurst, will be found, s. v. MUTTEROUS. It is better to say it sententiously one time, than to run it over an hundred times HUM-BOX ( 328 ) HURL with humbling and rumbling. Latimer. i. 344. HUM -BOX, a pulpit (slang). See extract s. v. JACKEY. HUMBUGGABLE, gullible. My charity does not extend so far as to believe that any reasonable man (humbuggable as the animal is) can have been so humbugged. Southey, Letters, I8'2o (Hi. 488). HUMBUGS. See extract. He had provided himself with a paper of humbugs for the child ; humbugs being the north-country term for certain lumps of toffy well flavoured with peppermint. Mrs. Gas- kell, Sylvia's Lovers, ch. xliii. HUMDRUM, a stupid fellow ; also pros- ing, common-place talk : the word is usually an adjective. By gads-lid I scorn it, I, so I do, to be a consort for every hum-drum. Jonson, Every Man in his Humour, i. 1. I am frequently forced to go to my harp- sichord to keep me awake, and to silence his humdrum. Richardson, Cl. Harlowe, iii. 191. HUMDURGEON, nervous illness ; hypo- chondria (slang). His ravings and humdiirgeon will unman all our youngsters. Lytton, Pelham, ch. Ixxx. HUMGRUFFIN, a terrible or repulsive person. All shrunk from the glance of that keen- flashing eye, Save one horrid Humgruffin, who seem'd by his talk, ind the airs he assumed, to be cock of the walk. Inyoldsby Legends (St. Cuthbert). HUMOROLOGY, the study of humour. Oh men ignorant of hvmorology! more ignorant of psychology ! and most ignorant of Pantagruelism ! Southey, The Doctor, In- terchapter xiii. HUMORSOMENESS, caprice. I never blame a lady for her humorsomeness so much as, in my mind, I blame her mother. Richardson, Grandison, iv. 25. HUMPH, to mutter an inter jectional sound like humph. Cf. to PISH, to PSHAW, to TUT. Fanny was first roused by his calling out to her, after humphing and considering over a particular paragraph, " What's the name of your great cousin in town, Fau ? " Miss Austen, Mansfield Park, ch. xlv. HUNDREDS IN ESSEX. See extracts. From hence [Tilbury Fort] there is nothing for many miles together remarkable but a continued level of unhealthy marshes called T/ie Three Hundreds, till we come before Leigh. Defoe, Tour thro' G. Britain, i. 7. Some airs have been observ'd by natural- ists to breed agues as the hundreds in Essex. T. Brown, Works, i. 212. The shadow of the theatre is starving, and the air of it as naturally produces poverty as that of the hundreds in Essex begets agues. Ibid. iv. 198. HUNFYSHSKIN, skin of the hound -fish or dog-fish. Many archers vse to haue summe place made in theyr cote fitte for a lytle fyle, a stone, a Hitnfyshskin, and a cloth to dresse the shaft fit agayne at all nedes. Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 161. HUNGERLAND, connected with hnn- gerlin (V); perhaps rather Hungarian, as the ruffs are described as Spanish. Your Hungerland bands, and Spanish quel- lio ruffs. Massinger, City Madam, iv. 4. HUNGERWORM, insatiable hunger. Hath any gentleman the hunger-worm of covetousness ? here is cheer for his diet. Adams, i. 161. HUNKERS, hams ; haunches. H. gives it as a North-country word, but the speaker in the extract is an Irishwoman. Hunkering is sometimes now used to describe the practice of those who in church bob their heads against the bookboard, or sit upon their haunches instead of kneeling properly. My anshestors sat on a throne, when the McBrides had only their hunkers to sit upon. Miss Edgeworth, Love and Law, i. 4. HUNT THE WHISTLE, a romping game in which a blinded person has a whistle fastened to him : the other players blow this from time to time, and the blinded one tries to catch the blower. What pastimes be they ? we ben't enough for hunt the whistle nor blind-man's buff. Foote, The Author, ii. 1. HURDLE seems to = heap in the quotation, unless it be a misprint for huddle. Hard by was Absalom's tomb, consisting of a great pit to hold, and a great heap of stones to hide a great traitor under it. ... No methodicall monument but this hurdle of stones was fittest for such a causer of confu- sion. Fuller, Pisyah Siyht, II. ii. 15. HURL, to throw : the idea of great force and violence, always associated with the word now, is not conveyed in the extracts. A heavenly veil she hurls On her white shoulders. Chapman, Iliad, xiv. 150. HURLEMEttT ( 329 ) HYPER Since I was hurled among these walls [the Fleet prison] I had divers fits of melancholy. Hoieell, Letters, ii. 30. IIURLEMENT, confusion. King Edward, . . . discoiiering both this accident and the hurlement made by the change of place, slacks not to take adnantage thereof. Daniel, Hist, of E>iy., p. 200. HURRY. See extract. The wrongful heir comes in to two bars of quick music (technically called a hurry), and goes on in the most shocking manner. Sketches by Boz (Greenwich Fair). HURRY-DURRY, rough ; hasty (?). 'Tis a hurry-durry blade : dost thou re- member after we had tugged hard the old leaky long-boat to save his life, when I wel- comed him ashore, he gave me a box on the ear, and called me fawning water-dog. Wy- cherley, Plain Dealer, i. 1. HDRTED, hurt. See extract s. v. HUCK. I am afraid he is hurted very sadly. H. Brooke, Fool of Quality, i. 273. Randal. He's but little hurted. Honor. Hurted ! and by who ? by you, is it ? Miss Edyeworth, Love and Law, ii. 2. HCRTLESSNESS, innocence. The maids .... hoping that the goodness of their intention, and the hurtlessness of their sex, shall excuse the breach of the commandment. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 235. HUSBAND. The etymology in the extracts is now exploded, but yet is worth recording. The name of a husband what is it to saie ? Of wife and the hoitshold the band and the staie. Tusser, p. 16. See my guardian, her husband. Unfashion- able as the word is, it is a pretty word : the house-band that ties all together : is not that the meaning ? Eichardson, Grandison, vi. 375. HUSBANDLY, frugally. The noble client reviewed his bill over and over, for however moderately and husbandly the cause was managed, he thought the sum total a great deal too much for the lawyers. North, Life of Lord Guilford, i. 36. HUSSY, hussif, q. v. in L. I went towards the pond, the maid follow- ing me, and dropt purposely my hussy ; and when I came near the tiles I said, " Mrs. Anne, I have dropt my hussy." Eichardson, Pamela, i. 162. HUZZA. This word is in the Diets. ; but the extract from North is given as seeming to show that huzza, as a com- mon cheer, came in in Charles II. 's reign ; nor do any of the quotations in R. or L. contradict this. The last extract supplies an absurd etymology. In the quotations from Wycherley huzza is used as a substantive and adjective = rake or rakish. "We are not so much afraid to be taken up by the watch as by the tearing midnight ramblers or huzza women. Wycherley, Gentleman Dancing Master, i. 2. You begin to be something too old for us ; we are for the brisk huzzas of seventeen or eighteen. Ibid. It is not to be denied but at many meet- ings good fellowship in way of healths ran into some extravagance and noise, as that which they call huzzaing, an usage then at its perfection. It was derived from the marine, and the shouts the seamen make when friends come aboard or go off. . . So at all the Tory healths, as they were called, the cry was reared of Huzza ! which at great and solemn feasts made a little noise. North, Examen, p. 617. This most learned monk [Coronelli] informs us in his account of England that the Huzza, which is the cry of the London mob when they are pleas'd, comes from the Hebrew word Hosanah. "What a charming thing it is to understand etymology. Misson, Travels in Eng., p. 43. HYDRARGIRE, quicksilver. For th' hidden loue that now-a-dayes doth holde The steel and loadstone, hydrargire and golde, Th' amber and straw. Sylvester, The Furies, 67. HYDROPTIC, dropsical ; thirsty : hy- dropic is the usual form. He, soul-hydroptic with a sacred thirst, Sucked at the flagon. Browning, Grammarian's Funeral. HYMNISH, of the nature of a hymn. Sonnets are carroled hymnish By lads and maydens. Stanyhurst, &n., ii. 248. HYPER. See second quotation ; in the first extract it of course stands for Jiypercritic. Critics I read on other men, And hypei'S upon them again ; From whose remarks I give opinion On twenty books, yet ne'er look in one. Prior, Ep. to Fleetwood Shepherd, 168. I call you then Mr. Hyper not for the sake of giving you a nickname, but for the sake of distinguishing you from other religionists to whom you do not belong. You know that the term is simple enough, meaning nothing more than beyond, and that it is the well- known designation of those who go beyond HYPERDOLIN ( 330 ) I G NO MI US Calvin. Cater, Punch in the Pulpit (1863), p. 110. HYPERDOLIN, misprint for KNIPPER- DOLLIN, q. v. (?). And now he makes his doctrine suitable to his text, and owns aboveboard .... that him- self aud his hyperdolins are the only Israelites, and all the rest Egyptians. Character of a Fanatick, 1675 (Harl. Misc., vii. 636). HYPERNATURAL, beyond nature ; a caricature. By way of contrast there is Keep, articled clerk, articled out of charity, whom to de- scribe description fails ; . . . him, too, we are inclined to put in the category of the hyper- naturals. Phillips, Essays from the Times, ii. 324. HYPOCON, an abbreviation of hypo- chondria : the first syllable only is the more usual abbreviation. You have droop'd within a few years into such a dispirited condition that 'tis as much as a plentiful dose of the best canary can do to remove the hypocon for a few minutes. T. Brown, Works, ii. 233. IAMBICAL, connected with or belong- ing to iambics. Amongst us I name but two lamlrical poets: Gabriel Harvey and Kichard Stany- nurst, because I have seen no more in this kind. Meres, Eny. Literature, 1598 (Eny. Garner, ii. 100). ICHTHYOPHAGOUS, fish-eating. A wretched ichthyophagous people must make shocking soldiers, weak as water. De Quincey, Autob. Sketches, i. 78. ICRE. " An icre is ten Bars " (Gibson's Camden, margin, in loc."). As we find in the Survey booke of Eng- land, the king demanded in manner no other tribute than certain lores of Iron, and Iron barres. Holland's Camden, p. 361. IDENTICALNESS, sameness. She has an high opinion of her sex, to think they can charm so long a man so well acquainted with their identicalness. Richard- son, Cl. Harlowe, iv. 201. IDLE, indolence. And knowing Good becomes more good the more It is encommon'd, he applies therefore T' instruct her in the faith, and (enuious- idle) His brains rich talent buries not in idle. Sylvester, Magnifictnce, 1319. IDOL, to idolize. O happy people, where good princes raign, Who idol not their pearly scepter's glory, But know themselves set on a lofty story, For all the world to see and censure too. Sylvester, liabylon, 20. IDOLANT, an idolater. A countlesse hoast of craking Idolants By Esay's faith is here confounded all. Sylvester, Triumph of Faith, si. 3. IDOLASTRR, idolatrous. Her yv'ry neck and brest of alabastre, Made heathen men of her more idolastre. Hudson, Judith, iv. 358. IDOLIFY, to make an idol of. If it had been the fate of Nobs thus to be idolijted, and the Itzacx had been acquainted with his character, they would have com- pounded a name for him. Southey, The Doctor, ch. cxliv. IDOLISM, idolatry. The only instance of this word in the Diets, is from Paradise Regained, iv. 234, where, however, " it means ' vain opinions,' 1 fancies,' from ilS