UC-NRLF U D AZ.4 B 4 S3? 721 ■^^p FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Training Circular No. 5 Infantry Training PREPARED AT THE ARMY WAR COLLEGE AUGUST, 1918 WAR PLANS DIVISION AUGUST, 1918 WAR DEPARTMENT Document No. 849 Office of The Adjutant General War Department Document No. 849 Office of the Adjutant General WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, August 26, 1918. The following pamphlet, "Infantry Training (Training Circu- lar No. 5)," prepared by the War Plans Division, General Staff, is published for the information and guidance of all concerned. It combines and takes the place of Infantry Training Pamphlet of August, 1917, War Department Document No. 656* / Training Circular No. 5 of December, 1917, and the Program of Training for Divisions, American Expeditionary Forces, which are not to be supplied in the future. (062.1 A. G. O.) By order of the Secretary of War. PEYTON C. MARCH, General, Chief of Staff. Official : H. P. McCAIN, The Adjutant General. €64365 INFANTRY TRAINING INSTRUCTIONS PERTAINING TO THE TRAINING OF AN INFANTRY DIVISION AND THE ESTAB- LISHMENT OF DIVISIONAL SCHOOLS. 1. The responsibility for the training of a division rests solely upon the division commander. Under his direction, responsibility for the training of troops devolves upon all commanders from those of platoons upward. Therefore the following pages will be considered only as suggestive and advisory in character, to be applied and adapted in the discretion of the division com- mander and made mandatory by his direction alone. Results in efficiency are demanded of him — the system and methods, subject to the principles laid down in the training manuals and regula- tions, are his own. 2. The tactical instruction of brigade commanders, staff officers and regimental field officers should be under the direct personal supervision of the division commander. Staff officers are in- cluded in this instruction, as most of them now have very impor- tant functions to perform in the preparation of operation orders. The course will be taken up during the early part of the train- ing of the division. The course will embrace the study of regulations, manuals and recent publications by the War Plans Division on open and trench warfare, combined from the beginning with the employ- ment of the applicatory methods, including map problems, terrain exercises, tactical rides and walks and map maneuvers, culminat- ing in practical maneuvers with troops. Courses of like nature will be conducted for regimental officers in each regiment by the colonel under the supervision of the brigade commander. 3. In addition to the tactical courses described above, a system of divisional schools will be established as required and main- tained as long as they are necessary. The following list of schools is suggested : (a) Infantry school of arms : 1. Small-arms department — First section. — Grenades (hand and rifle). Second section —Bayonet. Third section. — Rifle and pistol. Fourth section. — Automatic arms (automatic rifle and light machine gun). 7 2. Machine-gun department — First section. — Heavy (rifle-caliber) machine gun. Second section. — One-pounder gun. 3. Engineer department — First section. — Sappers, bombers, pioneers. Second section. — Field fortifications for line troops. 4. Gas-defense department — Use, care, reoaii of gas masks, etc. (b) School for officers and non-commissioned officers. (c) School for stable sergeants and farriers. (d) School for mess sergeants, bakers and cooks. (e) School for horseshoers. (/) School for company mechanics. (g) School of equitation. (h) School for supply officers end supply sergeants. (t ) School for clerks. 0" ) School for saddlers and cobblers. (k) Signal school. (/ ) School for bandsmen and buglers. (m) School for hygiene and sanitation. Also such other schools as the division commander may deem necessary. 4. In the training work at least 36 hours per week, exclusive of officers and non-commissioned officers' schools, will be required. To be successful the interest of the men must be maintained. This can be done by giving variety to the work. Do not keep men too long at one thing; change to something else before they become bored. Long periods of "place rest" should not be per- mitted. Short periods of physical drill of various kinds should be interspersed, especially what is called recreationary games. At drills all officers should be present in so far as necessary to secure proper supervision. Superior officers should supervise the work of subordinates. Every mistake must be corrected and the men kept to their work. While this war has called into use new weapons and new methods it has not obviated the use and necessity of the old. Most of these new things can be quickly taught to soldiers other- wise trained. A few days are all that are required for most of them, and if training cannot be completed in the United States this part is the one to be left to be done abroad. The absolute essentials for all troops and what requires most time and care to impart and should be given before sailing are: 1. Discipline. 2. Physical efficiency, including marching. 3. Combat efficiency, bayonet, rifle and musketry. 4. Development of leadership in officers and non-commis- sioned officers. 5. Development of cohesive action, maneuver, liaison, etc. (platoon to brigade). 6. Training in specialties (open warfare). 7. Tactics, open warfare (platoon to brigade). 8. Complete training of specialties. 9. Personal hygiene. 10. Intrenching. 11. Trench warfare (elementary principles). These cannot be acquired in a few hours or days. 5. To be effective in time of war, military training must be uniform throughout the service and must conform to certain basic principles possessing varying degrees of importance. A due sense of proportion of these principles and a full apprecia- tion of the relative merits, of those qualities constituting the standard to which the Army must attain are expected of all com- manding officers. (a) Patriotism is of the first importance. An absolute and un- qualified devotion to the welfare and success of our country is an indispensable prerequisite that has always constituted the soul of our Army. (b) The methods to be employed must remain or become dis- tinctly our own. (c) All instructions must contemplate the assumption of a vigorous offensive. This purpose will be emphasized in every phase of training until it becomes a settled habit of thought. (d) Time is important, but proficiency is the most important factor in all training. (e) Professional knowledge leads to the greatest efficiency when intelligently applied in actual practice. (/) The general principles governing combat remain un- changed in their essence. This war has developed special fea- tures which involve special phases of training, but the funda- mental ideas enunciated in our Drill Regulations, Small Arms Firing Manual, Field Service Regulations and other service manuals remain the guide for both officers and soldiers and constitute the standard by which their efficiency is to be meas- ured, except as modified in detail by instructions. (g) Self-respect, self-reliance and resourcefulness are quali- ties in a large measure inherent in our soldiers and should be cultivated to the fullest extent in their training. (/i) All officers and soldiers should realize that at no time in our history has discipline been so important ; therefore, dis- cipline of the highest order must be exacted at all times. The standards of the American Army will be those of the United States Military Academy. The rigid attention, upright bearing, at- tention to detail, uncomplaining obedience to instructions required of the cadet will be required of every officer and soldier of our Armies. Failure to attain such discipline will be treated as lack of capacity on the part of a commander to create in the subor- dinate that intensity of purpose and willing acceptance of hard- ships which are necessary to success in battle. In striving to secure proper standards of discipline, officers will not lose sight of their personal obligation to provide for the comfort of their men. No proper opportunity will be lost to 9 improve their condition and surroundings and create a spirit of contentment and confidence in the future. Every effort must be made to preserve at all times the highest possible morale, the external sign of internal discipline. (■/) Training will be based on developing sound leadership in succession in the squad and section, the platoon, the company and finally in the higher units. To this end commanders will be i eqiiired to lead their respective units in person in the most ( nergetic manner. As far as possible the integrity of these units will be preserved in quarters, on the march and in combat. In making details this principle will be rigorously enforced and responsibility for satisfactory performance will always rest with the leader of the unit concerned. (;') As soon as proficiency in elementary methods is attained, the applicatory system of training will be employed. All tactical exercises will be based on an assumed situation and responsible officers will require their subordinates to dispose their troops in accordance with the situation assumed. The adoption of "normal methods" of attack or defense which limit the use of troops ta fixed formations is prohibited. (k) Each tactical exercise will be followed by a short critique to be conducted, if practicable, on the ground on which the exer- cise took place. The necessary umpires will be designated by the commander of the next higher unit; the battalion commander for company problems, the regimental commander for battalion problems, etc. (J) Physical Development. — For the work that will be required of the men at the front, physical strength and endurance arc absolutely essential. The average man before being carefully trained is unfit for the work. Physical training is more essential than in previous wars. To attain this the man must first be put through a series of "setting up exercises" to loosen up the muscles and give him control of himself. This must be followed by more strenuous work, gradually increased and should be had daily. Frequent short drills are better than the same time in long periods. Running, running in a crouching position, hurd- ling, running over rough ground in and out of trenches and holes, etc., is an essential part of the training. This in addition to the work in other drills. All sports in which the combative element enters should be strongly encouraged, such as boxing, wrestling and football. (m) Persona! Hygiene and First Aid. — These must be care- fully taught. Conditions in the field are hard : the men must be taught lo take care of their health. Regimental surgeons should supervise this instruction and see that it is properly done. C. Duties of regimental battalion and company commanders. — The division commander will prepare and issue programs and schedules of training covering prescribed periods of time. The duty of seeing that the prescribed instruction is carried out lies with the regimental commander and his field officers and with this end in view they should personally observe the instruc- 10 tion which is being given to the companies. They should, how- ever, carefully refrain from interfering with any legitimate method which is producing results, remembering that no two men will proceed along exactly the same lines. By interference superiors not only destroy initiative, but also weaken the authority of the subordinate commander over his men. Interference is justified only when such commander fails to follow the course of instruction prescribed, displays ignorance, or shows such a lack of judgment in his methods as to render it certain that the results desired will not be accomplished. This does not mean that a suggestion from a superior officer should not be made or followed, but such suggestion should be carefully considered and only made when it is certain better results will follow its adoption. 7. Having received a schedule of instruction, the company commander should lay his plans covering all details of the subject not prescribed by higher authority. Recruits and other ill- instructed men should be grouped together and assigned for instruction to a specially qualified officer or non-commissioned officer. The principles and methods as enunciated in Training Circular No. 8, War Department, 1918, on Standards and Tests, as an aid in the quick training of infantry, should be impressed upon all subordinate commanders. Each, drill should be governed by a schedule showing the subjects assigned to each group and the corresponding allowance of time. The captain should supervise the instruction of the various groups, making necessary corrections and suggestions. 8. Normally four hours will be devoted to military training each morning and three in the afternoon. 9. It is desirable that provision be made for a sand table, a map for map problems, and some device to serve as a target in instruction in fire direction. A rough sketch on paper or on a blackboard on a scale of about 12 inches to the mile will serve for map problems, but a relief map is the best device for prac- tical instruction. A board arranged so that it can be raised or lowered and having painted on it a line of prone silhouettes makes a good target. Every headquarters, machine gun and supply company should have one or more wooden horses so constructed as to permit of saddling, bridling and harnessing. 11 THE INFANTRY FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL DIREC- TIONS GOVERNING THE TRAINING OF INFANTRY. 10. (a) Discipline. — Modern war as now carried on in Europe requires of infantry the greatest discipline obtainable. The failure of men to carry out their orders implicitly in an attack means unnecessary heavy losses, if not absolute failure. It is found that only thoroughly disciplined troops can carry out a modern attack where every step must be taken in accordance with a careful schedule. The first great step then in fitting infantry troops for service abroad is to inculcate this spirit of discipline. This can be done : (1) By every officer setting a proper example for those below him in rank of promptly and cheerfully obeying orders and regulations, by a careful and exact performance of every duty and by exacting the same of all subordinates. (2) Dress and military courtesies: If men are allowed to be sloppy and untidy in dress, slipshod and careless about rendering courtesies, the military spirit is lost and the command remains undisciplined. (3) Precision and snap in drill : This must be insisted on. Movements must be executed exactly as prescribed. For ex- ample, in executing right front into line from column of squads, it must be insisted that the corporal so conduct his squad that it comes exactly to its place without closing in after halting; that the command halt is given as a foot strikes the ground; that pieces all come down together, etc. All other movements must be executed with the same precision. Never allow a movement to drag; "snap" is necessary; increase rather than decrease the cadence. Most close order drill is for disciplinary purposes. If done with precision and snap the object is attained; if not, the more you have of it the worse the command. Men become confirmed in doing things only approximately as told. (4) Leaders must know their work. There must be no hesi- tation, commands must be given correctly and with snap. Leaders must treat all subordinates with courtesy, correct rea- sonable mistakes without harshness, give clear and reasonable explanations, show men how. When men fail through per- sistent carelessness, inattention or wilfulness, then use as drastic measures as necessary. Leaders must insist that all subordinates do their work properly, but they must set the example them- selves. (5) Cultivate esprit de corps, pride in the organization, and in the subdivisions even to the smallest. Competitive contests be- tween smaller units are of great advantage. 12 (&) The ultimate object of all instruction being field service efficiency, field maneuvers and field firing should be considered as the culmination of previous training and the test of its thor- oughness. (c) The efficiency of the squad, including its leader, is the basis of efficiency and this efficiency in turn depends on the thoroughness of the training of individual members of this unit. (d) The efficiency of every command depends on the effi- ciency of the units or teams composing it. As each team in a large command must be under the direct control of its immediate chief, it is evident that such chief should have all possible charge of the instruction of his team. 1 Authority and responsi- bility should exist in equal degree. From such a system there should result not only suitable instruction of the team, but also comradeship among the individual members, pride in the team as a unit and that confidence and habit of command on the part of the leader so necessary to efficient leadership. (e) Drill movements are of two general classes — first, drills of precision and, second, maneuver and combat exercises. The precise movements of the manual of arms and close-order drill are not for the purpose of teaching men how to get about on the battle field. They will hardly be used there at all. One of the principal objects is to train the soldiers' minds and bodies to habits of precise, unhesitating obedience to the. will of the leader, so that in the stress of battle they will obey without con- scious effort, mechanically, automatically, as the easiest and most natural line of action. Maneuver and combat exercises are intended for instruction in the proper handling of troops in campaign and- on the battle field. There should be rigid adherence to orders and instructions. It is hardly possible properly to conduct a drill or exercise without special forethought and preparation for that particular drill or exercise. After each drill or exercise the specific work for the next one should be announced, so that leaders may have time to prepare themselves. The drill or exercise should be made interesting, not only by variety, which is necessary in order not to exhaust the soldier's attention by straining it too long on one subject, but also by comments on the part of leaders, continued throughout the drill and directed toward those elements whose performance is un- usually good or bad. (/) There must be a definite and progressive plan and schedule of instruction. Every course of instruction should embrace cer- tain definitely prescribed subjects and be for a definite period in order to unify instruction, prevent unnecessary repetition and use the available time to the best advantage. On the completion 1 Officers must, however, because of the inexperience of the great majority of the noncommissioned officers, give personal attention to individual instruction and to that of the squad and platoon, in order that the train- ing may proceed along right lines and due progress be made. 13 of the prescribed course of theoretical instruction all study should not cease, but sufficient post-graduate work should follow to broaden the student's professional horizon and keep him in touch with new methods and ideas. (g) Officers and non-commissioned officers of each grade should be competent to take up the duties of the next higher grade. Military efficiency can only be attained through compe- tent and instructed officers and non-commissioned officers. (h) Lectures are valuable aids in military training. Those to enlisted men should be about one-half hour long; to officers they may be longer. The number of lectures on any particular subject will depend upon its nature. They should be delivered by those specially qualified on the particular subjects. The lecture meetings should be as informal as is consistent with discipline ; questions and discussions should be arranged. The appropriate use of maps, diagrams and illustrations, including' moving pictures, is advantageous. A list of general subjects for lectures is given hereafter. 11. Basis of Infantry training.— The training of infantry is based on the subjects covered in Infantry Drill Regulations (I. D. R.), Field Service Regulations (F. S. R.), Manual for Non- commissioned Officers and Privates (M. N. C. O.), Small-Arms Firing Manual (S. A. F. M.), and Manual Physical Training (M. P. T.), and in pamphlets issued from time to time by the War Department in accordance with developments in the art of war. TRAINING PLAN ALL COMPANIES. (1) Recruit instruction : (a) Articles of War. (b) Military discipline and courtesy, (r) Arms, uniforms and equipment. (d) Personal hygiene and care of feet. (e) School of the soldier. (f) School of the squad. (g) Setting-up exercises, recruit instruction. (h) Orders for sentinels. (i ) Preliminary instruction, target practice. RIFLE COMPANY. (2) Squad instruction: (a) Test of recruits by squad leaders in subjects (1) (b) to (z), inclusive. (b) Setting-up exercises, "Trained soldiers" instruction. (c) School of the squad. (d) Shelter tent pitching. (e) Bayonet exercises and bayonet combat. (/) Whistle anc' arm signals. 14 (g) Color sentinels, countersigns and paroles, compli- ment from guards, guarding p.isoners and flags. (h) Sighting drills. (i ) Position and aiming drills. (/') Making triangles. (kj Target practice. (/ ) Musketry duties of the squad and squad leader, involving target designation, distribution of -fire on target, fire discipline, fire direction and fire control. (m) First aid to the wounded. (w) (0 Methods of employing gases in modern war- fare; (1) gas clouds; (2) gas shells. (ii ) Effect of gas. (Hi) Use of gas mask; (1) care of mask; (2) method of application; (3) mask drill. (3) Platoon instruction: (a) Test of squads by platoon leaders on subjects (2) (c), (d), (■«), (/), (/), (m) and (n) ; (3), paragraph above. (6) Drill, close order. (c) Drill, in open. (d) Musketry duties of platoon and platoon leader, in- volving : Target designation. Finding range. Distribution of fire. Fire discipline. Fire direction. Fire control. Communications. (e) (1) Marching, running, bayonet fighting, rapid load- ing and aiming, etc., while wearing gas masks. (2) Prevention of damage by gas to rifles, etc., sentry duties in connection with gas. . (/■) Automatic rifle. (g) Rifle grenades. (h) Hand grenades. (t) Rifle trenches. (/) Individual cooking. (k) Training in trench warfare. (4) Company instruction: (a) Test of squads in subjects (2) (c), (J), (/), (/), (wr) and («) ; (3) paragraph above. (b) Test of platoons in subjects (3) (b), (c), (d), (e), U), io), W, (0 and (;'), paragraph above. (c) School of the company, close order. (d) Musketry duties of the company, involving: Target designation. Finding the range. Distribution of fire. 15 Fire discipline. Fire direction. Fire control. Communication. (e) Marching and camping. (/) Range practice, known distance, small-arms firing courses. (g) Field service. (h) Company inspection. (t ) Commander, sergeant and corporal of the guard. (J) Guard mounting. (k) Physical training and swimming. (/ ) Company training in trench warfare. 12. Drill. — Drill, close and extended order, must be thoroughly taught. Precision and snap are essential. In the extended order care must be taken to carefully explain the reasons for what is done. After the mechanism of extended order is thoroughly learned such exercise should then be the solution of a tactical problem, at first against an imaginary foe and later units working against each other. In the second case the next higher commander should prepare the problem and act as umpire. After every exercise there must be a critique, all errors pointed out, good work commended and the reasons for the comments should be given. 13. Intrenching. — Earth work is an almost daily occurrence in the soldier's life. A successful attack may often be of no value unless men can promptly get cover by intrenching and at all limes at the front lives will be necessarily lost if men cannot efficiently use intrenching tools. Many if not most of our men have never used a pick and shovel. All must be taught to use them efficiently under the varying conditions that may arise, as when close together, stooping, etc. 14. Minor Tactics. — Minor tactics for infantry must receive very careful attention. Experience on the western front has proven its great importance. While battles cover long fronts and are carried on by large bodies, locally there constantly arise minor combats, "strong points" that must be captured by a platoon, company or battalion. Flanks that must be covered by small units up to a battalion. Outpost, patrolling, advance and rear guard work are im- portant. To properly teach minor tactics requires much careful work. 15. "Bullet and Bayonet." — The rifle and the bayonet are the principal weapons of the infantry soldier. He will be trained to a high degree of skill as a marksman both on the target range and in field firing. An aggressive spirit must be developed until the soldier feels himself, as a bayonet fighter, invincible in battle. The soldier's practice must be such as to make proper aiming and trigger pull a fixed habit, for only when such is the case will 16 he do it properly under the stress of battle. Position and aiming drill is important and should be given from ten to fifteen minutes daily. The training in rapid loading is important. Gallery practice should begin as soon as the men are far enough ad- vanced. This drill is important in that it stimulates interest, forms fixed habits and offers a means whereby the preliminary instruction can be checked. The regular course of target practice should be held as soon as possible. Target ranges in France are few. Consequently every opportunity should be grasped to have as much target practice as possible before sailing. The bayonet, in the conditions now existing on the western front, is almost as important as the bullet. Bayonet work must be carefully taught. The aggressive spirit must be inculcated and the man impressed with the idea that he is superior to the enemy in bayonet fighting. Much practice must be given in running the offensive course, combining the "bullet and bayonet." Aim to secure speed and accuracy. 16. Automatic Rifles. — One of the most important infantry weapons is the automatic rifle. The men armed with the auto- matic rifle should be highly trained in its nomenclature, mechan- ism, tactical use, etc. All the other men in the company should know how to load and fire an automatic rifle. A correct tactical use of automatic rifles in conjunction with the other company arms is essential. The men armed with the automatic rifle should be of sturdy build on account of the weight of the ammunition. 17. Rifle Grenades. — All men should be familiar with the method of firing rifle grenades and the tactical use of this class of fire. The rifle grenadiers should be highly trained and made to appreciate that the maximum tactical efficiency can only be attained in the proper co-operation with the other groups in the platoon. The rifle grenadiers should be of sturdy build on account of the weight of the ammunition. 18. Grenades. — All the men should be taught and have some practice in throwing grenades. Too much time must not be given to this work; it is of secondary importance. 19. Signals. — All officers and non-commissioned officers of a company must know the signals prescribed in paragraphs 43 to 47, inclusive, Infantry Drill Regulations. 20. N on- commissioned Officers. — Present warfare makes a heavy demand on the infantry non-commissioned officers and requires in them a higher standard of efficiency and training than ever before. The time available to develop them, particularly the sergeants, is very short and therefore intensified means must be employed to secure the desired results. To give sergeants the proper prestige, their position should be elevated in every possible way by segregation in barracks and mess, by privileges, by participation in the administration and training of their units, etc., in order that they may be made to feel the responsibility and obligation imposed on them and so 17 that other enlisted men will appreciate and recognize their authority and power to command. Special courses of instruction, theoretical and practical, should be created for them from the beginning and consistently main- tained throughout the period of training. 21. Methods of Training. — During the last year a method of training the technical groups of the companies has been created which makes the battalion the basis of training instead of the company. A suitable number of officers and non-commissioned officers are selected from the battalion as a corps of instructors for the subjects selected for battalion instruction, viz., bayonet and physical training, automatic rifles, rifle grenades, musketry, grenades and field engineering. The companies of the battalion or their technical groups receive in turn instruction in the specialty from the corps of instructors in charge of that subject. This system enables the battalion commander to select the most competent officers and non-commissioned officers from the entire battalion to conduct the training of any given specialty and it results in giving all the companies the highest degree of training that the instructing personnel of the battalion is capable of. As well, a uniformity of training is obtained for all the companies, which is most desirable. Such instruction should take up but a small part of the day or be allotted but a portion of the days of the week. During the remainder of the time, the platoon and company officers instruct their organizations in drill, tactical training, target practice, minor tactics, etc. Under some conditons, different features of the tactical train- ing may be better handled under regimental, brigade or even division supervision. 22. ,SV/!00/.y.^-Schools for officers and non-commissioned offi- cers will be maintained. In these schools the work must be first on the authorized manuals, Infantry Drill Regulations and Field Service Regulations. As material and instructors become available classes will be formed in each division to train officers and non-commissioned officers as instructors. • 23. Headquarter Company,— The training of the specialists in the headquarter company of the infantry regiments, as given in the Tables of Organization A, will require careful thought and effort. They must be trained for their special work. Division commanders should receive assistance from their engineer and signal organizations in carrying this out. This applies equally to the training of the headquarter detach- ments of the brigades. 24. Machine Guns. — The machine-gun compares must be trained, in addition to the handling of their guns, in field engi- neering, throwing grenades and especially physical drill. 18 25. The intelligence personnel assigned to battalion headquarters v.'ill be trained by the battalion scout officer in signaling, scouting, patrolling, intelligence work, etc. 26. The following schedule is a guide. It may be modified in whole or in part, as the division commander sees fit. The sub- ject enumerated herein must, however, be covered. It is based on 7 hours, being an average day's work, all seasons considered. It contemplates 4 hours' work on Saturday: FIRST PERIOD, FOUR WEEKS. Rifle Company : Hours. Recruit instruction 30 School of the squad 38 Platoon instruction, close and extended order 30 Physical drill .._ 12 Theoretical (discipline, etc.) 8 Hygiene and first aid 4 Marching, practice march 6 Guard duty 12 Bayonet instruction * f 2 Examinations, tests, etc 4 Total 156 Machine Gun Company: Hours. Close and extended order 52 Physical drill 12 Hygiene and first aid 4 Care and use of transport 20 Marching 6 Guard duty 12 Theoretical (discipline, etc.) 22 Examinations, tests, etc 4 Machine-gun mechanism 14 Maneuver, facility, cohesion, liaison, deployment 10 Total 156 Headquarters Company : Hour?;. School of soldier and squad, platoon instruction 78 Physical drill 12 Guard duty 12 Theoretical 12 Hygiene and first aid 4 Instruction in specialties 28 Marching 6 Examinations and tests 4 Total 156 19 Band Section : Hours. Training as auxiliary sanitary troops (in addition to regu- . lar band practice) 8 Physical drill 12 SECOND PERIOD, FOUR WEEKS. Rifle Company : Hours. Close and extended order drill (platoon and company) .... GO Physical 12 Theoretical 8 Hygiene and first aid 4 Marching 6 Guard duty 6 Bayonet combat 10 Automatic rifles, rifle grenades, grenades 8 Gas , 6 Target practice and musketry 32 Examinations and tests 4 Total 156 Machine Gun Company. Hours. Close order and machine-gun drill 48 Physical drill 12 Hygiene and first aid 4 Care and use of transports 15 Guard duty 6 Machine-gun mechanism and preliminary sighting exercises 20 Gas 6 Maneuver, facility, cohesion, liaison, deployment 12 Marching 6 Theoretical 8 Examinations, tests, etc ". 4 Tactics, open warfare 15 Total 156 Headquarters Company: Hours. Close order drill 4S Physical drill 12 Guard duty (> Theoretical 8 Hygiene and first aid 4 Instruction in specialties 36 Marching 8 20 Examination and tests 4 Firing with either rifle or pistol and other special arm 30 Total 156 Band Section : Hours. Training as auxiliary sanitary troops (in addition to regu- lar band practice) 8 Physical drill 12 THIRD PERIOD, FOUR WEEKS. Rifle Company: Hours Close and extended order drill (platoon, company and battalion) 30 Physical 12 Hygiene and first aid '. 4 Guard duty 4 Bayonet combat io Gas 4 Target and range practice and musketry 46 Examinations and tests 4 Completion of training in specialties 6 Training in open warfare (minor tactics and liaison) 24 Training in trench warfare 12 Total 156 Machine Gun "Company: Hours. Close order 30 Physical drill 12 Hygiene and first aid 4 Care and use of transports 6 Guard duty 4 Gas 4 Maneuver, facility, cohesion, liaison, deployment 12 Technique of fire 18 Examinations and tests 4 Tactics, open warfare 10 Known distance machine-gun firing 26 Fire problems 20 Tactics, trench warfare 6 Total 156 Headquarters Company: Hours. Close order drill 30 Physical drill 12 21 Guard duty 4 Hygiene and first aid 4 Marching 8 Examinations and tests 4 Firing with either rifle or pistol and other special arm 36 Open warfare 36 Trench warfare 22 Total 156 Band Section: Hours. Training as auxiliary sanitary troops (in addition to regu- lar band practice) 8 Physical drill 12 FOURTH PERIOD, FOUR WEEKS. Combined training, maneuver, liaison, deplojmients, open and trench warfare and coordination of two or more arms of service. Review of previous 3 months' work outlined above 156 27. GENERAL SUBJECTS FOR LECTURES. (Suitable for all arms). •> 1. Discipline. 2. Conduct in service. 3. Morale. 4. Leadership. 5. Customs and courtesies of the service, saluting. 6. Physical training. 7. Obligations and rights of the soldier. 8. Duties and responsibilities of N. C. O. 9. The commissioned officer. 10. Personal hygiene. 11. Venereal diseases. 12. Alcoholism, drugs. 13. Personal cleanliness. 14. Insects and vermin. 15. Vaccination and prophylaxis, communicable diseases. 16. Care of the feet. 17. First aid and elementary bandaging 18. Sanitation and its maintenance. 19. Articles of War. 20. Army regulations and orders. 22 21. Purposes and methods of drill. 22. Why we are at war. 23. History, European war, United States war. 24. Pay and allowances. 25. Care and adjustment of clothing and equipment. 26. Military offenses and punishments. 27. Property responsibility. 28. Interior guard duty. 29. Security in the field. 30. Rations. 31. Reconnaissance. 32. Use of cover. 33. Study of terrain on the ground. 34. Maps and map reading. 35. Messages and reports. 36. Lines of information. 37. Orders. 38. Horses and stable management. 39. Organization, arms and characteristics of — (a) United States troops, (p) Allies. (c) Enemy. (d) Others. 40. Entrenchments. 41. Tactical use of machine guns. 42. Gas warfare. 43. Grenade and bomb warfare. 44. Powers and limitations of various arms. 45. Transportation of troops by rail, trucks, ships. 46. Attack and defense of positions. 47. Rules of land warfare. 48. Trench orders. SUPPLY COMPANY. 28. A supply company will be instructed in the following sub- jects: (a) Regimental supply sergeants in the preparation of prop- erty returns, correspondence, rations returns; in studies of Army Regulations, Field Service Regulations, infantry equipment, price list of clothing and equipment (annual general order of War De- partment), Quartermaster Manual and other books and papers, also blank forms pertaining strictly to their duties as supply ser- geants. 23 (b) First sergeants, mess sergeants, stable sergeants, cooks,! saddlers, as prescribed respectively for the same positions for a] headquarters company. (c) Corporals as prescribed for stable sergeants. (d) Saddlers as prescribed for horseshoers in a headquarters j company. (e) Wagoners in the study of Manual for Farriers. Horse- shoers, Saddlers and Wagoners or Teamsters ; the care and treat- ment of animals and the nomenclature, care and preservation of harness and wagons. (/) All non-commissioned officers will be instructed in sig- naling. (g) All members in making pack, in anti-gas measures, camp sanitation, personal hygiene and the use of the first-aid packet; the nomenclature, care and preservation of the rifle or pistol, depending upon the weapon with which they are armed. (h) All members armed with the rifle in sighting, position and aiming drills and target practice. 24 Pam Bi Gaylord Makers Stockt PAI. JAN. C 64313 UDU UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY U. C. BERKELE COSLffiE \