SK 36 / Game Laws for 1919 GAME LAWS FOR 1919 A SUMMARY OF THE PROVISIONS OF FEDERAL, STATE, AND PROVINCIAL STATUTES GEO. A. LAWYER Chief, U. S. Game Warden, and FRANK L. EARNSHAW Assistant, Interstate Commerce in Game Bob-white FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Contribution from the Bureau of Biological Survey E. W. NELSON, Chief Washington, D. C. August, 1919 \ Show this bulletin to a neighbor. Additional copies may be obtained free from the Division of Publications, United States Department of Agriculture 1+2 WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : I9IC OFFICIALS FROM WHOM COPIES OF GAME LAWS MAY BE OBTAINED. Alabama: State game and fish commissioner, Montgomery. Alaska: The governor, Juneau ; Secretary of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Arizona: State game warden, Phoenix. Arkansas: Secretary, game and fish commis- sion, Little Rock. California: Executive officer, fish and game commission, New Call Building, San Francisco. Colorado: State game and fish commissioner, Denver. Connecticut: Secretary, commission of fish- eries and game, Hartford. Delaware: Chief game warden, Dover. District ef Columbia: Superintendent metro- politan police, Washington. Florida: Secretary of State, Tallahassee. Georgia: Game and fish commissioner, At- lanta. Idaho: Fish and game warden, Boise. Illinois: Chief game and fish warden, Springfield, Indiana: Director, department of conserva- tion, Indianapolis. Iowa: State fish and game warden, Lansing. Kansas: State fish and game warden, Pratt. Kentucky: Executive agent, game and fish commission, Frankfort. Louisiana: Commissioner of conservation, Court Building, New Orleans. Maine: Commissioner of inland fisheries and game, Augusta. Maryland: State game warden, 512 Munsey Building, Baltimore. Massachusetts: Chairman, commissioners of fisheries and game, State House, Boston. Michigan: Commissioner game, fish, and for- est-fire department, Lansing. Minnesota: Game and fish commissioner, St. Paul. Mississippi: Secretary of State, Jackson. Missouri: Game and fish commissioner, Jef- ferson City. Montana: State game warden, Helena. Nebraska: Chief deputy, game and fish com- mission, Lincoln. Nevada: State fish and game warden, Car- son City. New Hampshire: Fish and game commis- sioner, Sunapee. . New Jersey: Secretary, board of fish and game commissioners, Trenton. New Mexico: Game and fish warden, Sauta Fe. New York: Secretary of conservation, corn- mission, Albany. 2 North Carolina: Secretary Audubon Society of North Carolina, Raleigh. North Dakota: Secretary, game and fish board, Steele. Ohio: Chief game warden, board of agricul- ture, Columbus. Oklahoma: State game warden, Oklahoma City. Oregon: State game warden, Portland. Pennsylvania: Secretary, board of game commissioners, Harrisburg. Rhode Island: Chairman, commissioners of birds, Rumford. South Carolina: Chief game warden, Colum- bia. South Dakota: State game warden, Pierre. Tennessee: State game and fish warden, Nashville. Texas: Game, fish, and oyster commissioner, Austin. Utah: Fish and game commissioner, Salt Lake City. Vermont: Fish and game commissioner, Cambridge. Virginia: Commissioner of game and inland fisheries, Richmond. Washington: Chief game warden and State fish commissioner, Seattle ; chief deputy game warden, Spokane. West Virginia: Forest, gam^, and fish war- den, Philippi. Wisconsin: Secretary, con- sion, Madison. Wyoming: State game warden, Lander. CANADA. Alberta: Chief game guardian, Edmonton. British Columbia: Game conservation board, Victoria. Manitoba: Chief game guardian, Winnipr-g. New Brunswick: Chief game and fire war- den, Richibucto. Northwest Territories: Commissioner of parks, Ottawa. Nova Scotia: Chief game commissioner, Hal- ifax. Ontario: Superintendent game and fisheries, Toronto. Prince Edward Island: Game inspector, Charlottetown. Quebec: General inspector of fisheries and game, Quebec. Saskatchewan: Chief game guardian. Regina. Yukon: Gold commissioner, Dawson. Colony of Newfoundland: Secretary, depart- ment of marine and fisheries, St. Johns. alii 1 GAME LAWS FOR 1919. A SUMMARY OF FEDERAL, STATE, AND PROVINCIAL STATUTES. CONTENTS. Review of legislation of 1910 Summary of laws relating to seasons, licenses, limits, sale, and export Disposition of game raised in cap- tivity New laws passed in 1919 Lacey Act, regulating interstate com- merce in game Tariff act prohibiting importation of plumage Law protecting birds and their eggs oa Federal bird reservations-- 48 51 64 04 Hunting on national forests Treaty for the protection of migra- tory birds Migratory-bird treaty act Migratory-bird treaty act regula- tions Order permitting the killing of bobo- links, reedbirds, or rice birds Canadian regulations under migra- tory-birds convention act Canadian tariff act prohibiting im- portation of plumage Page. 61 on 69 71 80 REVIEW OF LEGISLATION OF 1919. The objects of this bulletin, containing the twentieth annual sum- man' of Federal and other game laws and regulations, are to present the provisions of game legislation in convenient form for sportsmen and others, and to show its general condition and trend from year to year. 1 Legislative sessions were held in 44 States, in 41 of which more or less extensive changes were made in the game laws. While the num- ber of game laws enacted does not equal the total number passed in other years when most of the legislatures were in session, the volume compares favorably with records of previous years, owing to the num- ber of States which amended and codified their game legislation. Arkansas, Illinois, Minnesota, Ohio, Texas, and Utah passed gen- eral measures revising their game laws. Considerable progress was made along the line of harmonizing State legislation with the migra- tory-bird treaty act and the regulations thereunder. In South Caro- lina the Federal regulations were adopted as the law of the State. In New York the seasons for Long Island, and in Arkansas, Illinois, Minnesota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Texas open seasons or other provisions, were made to conform to the Federal regulations. BIG GAME. Some very beneficial legislation for the protection of big game was enacted this year, among the most noteworthy of which was the action of Maine in repealing the provision which allowed resi- 1 Provisions relating to methods of capture, game refuges, enforcement of laws, dis- position of fines and fees, and matters of minor importance are omitted. These may be found by reference to the laws themselves or to pamphlet editions of the game laws, obtainable in most of the States from proper officials. Provisions relating to seasons, licenses, limits, possession, sale, and export, and^ a few miscellaneous matters have been compiled and grouped under State and other Governments, alphabetically arranged, thereby enabling persons interested to secure conveniently a brief synopsis of the laws. 3 437611) 4 FAKMERS' BULLETIN 1077. dents to export deer. Federal investigations disclosed that residents of Maine and New Hampshire had been illegally shipping large numbers of deer to the Boston markets, and the magnitude of this illegal traffic, as indicated by the convictions secured in; Federal courts, was doubtlessly instrumental in initiating this legislation. Another most important provision of the legislation in Maine, and one of far-reaching consequences, was that prohibiting the use of deer and moose in lumber camps. The deer seasons were shortened from 5 to 15 days in Maine, New Mexico, Vermont, and Wyoming. Close seasons throughout the year were prescribed for does in Mis- souri and Wyoming, and for all deer in Ohio and West Virginia. The limits on deer were reduced from two to one a season in New York and Ontario. Nova Scotia lengthened the season on deer one week, and New York, Texas, and Vermont repealed laws protecting does. Saskatchewan closed the Province to elk hunting, and West Vir- ginia continued the close term on these animals until 1927; Wyo- ming shortened the open season two weeks, reduced the limit from two to one a season, and repealed the provision permitting a resident to kill one additional elk under a special $10 license. Idaho length- ened the season two weeks on elk in counties having an open season, and Montana modified the seasons in certain counties and opened a few counties to elk hunting which heretofore had been closed. Mention should here be made of the program evolved by the Forest Service and the Bureau of Biological Survey for the con- servation and maintenance of elk in the Yellowstone National Park region. Here is found the greatest aggregate of large game now in existence in such a limited area; within the United States. The pro- gram is the result of investigations by these two bureaus of the Department of Agriculture, made with a view to devising a prac- ticable plan to conserve the remnant of this once numerous and widely distributed noble game animal. 1 Maine permitted moose to be hunted during the last ten days of November, the first open season on these animals since 1915; and Nova Scotia shortened the open season two weeks. Wyoming shortened the season on sheep six weeks and extended the term of protection on moose and antelope until 1925. Alberta lengthened the open season two weeks on mountain sheep and goats. SEASONS ON GAME BIRDS. The grouse season was closed in New Mexico, Texas, Vermont, and Wyoming; in Maine and Ohio existing open seasons were shortened; and in West Virginia the number of grouse allowed to be taken in a 1 Graves, Henry S., and Nelson, E. W., Our national elk herds : a program for conserv- ing the elk on national forests ahout the Yellowstone National Park. U. S. Dept. Agf, Dept Circ. 51, pp. 34, figs. 19, June, 1919. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 5 season was reduced from 25 to 20. In Michigan and Pennsylvania, where the seasons on ruffed grouse were closed in 1918, hunting is again permitted this year. Alberta lengthened the season on grouse and ptarmigan two weeks. Arkansas and South Carolina each shortened the open season on quail one month, and West Virginia reduced the limit from 96 to 60 a season. In Idaho the season on sage hens was opened throughout the State during the last two weeks in August ; Wyoming shortened the season two weeks and reduced the daily bag limit from 6 to 4 ; and Oregon lengthened by two weeks the season east of the Cascades. Wild turkeys were protected until 1921 in West Virginia and the seasons were shortened one month in Missouri and from 15 days to 6 weeks in New Mexico. South Carolina lengthened the season two weeks and established a limit of 20 turkeys a season. Missouri provided that 100 petitioning householders may obtain a referendum vote at a general election upon the question of a 2-year close season on quail in any county. ADMINISTRATION. One of the most important features of the game legislation of 1919 was the effort to maintain efficient organizations for the enforcement of the laws. -A very general effort was made to keep pace with the increased cost of living, which necessitated the payment of a living wage for warden work and competition with salaries and wages paid by private concerns. No less than 11 States Connecticut, Idaho, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Vermont, and Wyoming authorized increases in compensation for State wardens or deputies. In Indiana and Ohio State game officials were authorized to fix the compensation of all their employees, and in New Jersey the salaries of certain employees of the board of fish and game commissioners are required to be fixed in accordance with schedules furnished by the civil-service commission. Idaho, in keeping with the movement in many States, created nine departments in which to centralize and systematize the civil admin- istration of State affairs, and placed the fish and game bureau in the department of law enforcement. In West Virginia a $1 State-wide resident license law was enacted to replace the 1915 act requiring $3 licenses of residents hunting outside their counties of residence. The $1 resident license, with an exemption to landowners, tenants, and members of their families hunting on their own lands, has proved popular throughout the country, is not burdensome on the individual hunter, and invariably insures financial support for adequate warden service, restocking, and other lines of legitimate game conservation. West Virginia made deep inroads into the game and fish protection fund maintained by receipts from the sale of hunting licenses, by pro- viding that 20 per cent thereof should be expended in restocking 6 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. streams with fishes, and 10 per cent set aside for bounties on certain, animals and birds. These diversions, together with the cost of issuing licenses and collecting the fees therefor, will serve to reduce- the amount available for game protection to about 50 per cent of the- receipts from the sale of hunting licenses. South Carolina made the resident hunting-license law applicable throughout the State. Texas increased the fee for resident hunting licenses from $1.75 to $2 and repealed the provision permitting hunt- ing without a license in counties adjoining the county of residence. Maine prescribed a 2 5 -cent registration certificate for residents, good, so long as the holder remains a citizen of the State. Utah abolished the distinction between resident and nonresident hunters and pre- scribed a $2 license fee for citizens of the United States hunting in that State. Legislation along this line has been advocated for many years by prominent sportsmen, but Utah is the first State to adopt it. In Indiana the fish and game interests were placed under the jurisdiction of the newly created department of conservation. The four conservation commissioners and the chiefs of divisions are em- powered to administer oaths, subpoena witnesses, and to require public officials, corporations, associations, and individuals to produce books, records, and information for lawful purposes under the act. The fish and game protection and propagation fund was continued, but funds therein in excess of $50,000 are to revert to the State treasury at the end of any fiscal year. GAME REFUGES AND PRESERVES. Marked progress was made in the establishment of game sanctu- aries, and no less than a dozen States enacted legislation with refer- ence to this very important factor in game conservation. All State lands in Alabama, State, county, and municipal parks in Delaware, and all school sections and educational lands in Nebraska were declared game refuges and all hunting thereon prohibited. Minne- sota prohibited hunting in or within three miles of the corporate limits of Duluth, Minneapolis, and St. Paul. Special refuges created include the Catalina Mountain preserve in Arizona; the Colorado State Game Refuge, in the vicinity of the Rocky Mountain National Park; the game and fish preserve in London County, Teim. ; the Dixie, Fish Lake, Heaston, Cache, and Strawberry Preserves in Utah, and the Splitrock special game-animal preserve in Wyoming. Vermont authorized the commissioner to establish such game refuges and sanctuaries as are recommended by the United States Biological Survey, and a tentative selection of a preserve has already been made by the bureau. The boundaries of the Gallatin preserve in Montana and those of the Big Horn refuge in Wyoming were modi- fied to some extent. In Oregon and Illinois the State authorities GAME LAWS FOK 1919. 7 were authorized to establish refuges by contract on private lands, and in South Dakota to acquire public or private property for the protection and propagation of game birds. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. California, Illinois, Maine, and Minnesota prohibited hunting from automobiles or motor vehicles, and California and Michigan made it illegal also to hunt or shoot game birds from airplanes. Colorado prohibited aliens from hunting or owning a shotgun, rifle, or pistol. Illinois prohibited the shipment of game by parcel post. Indiana authorized the department of conservation to encourage and assist in the organization and establishment of fish and game protective associations in the State. In New York provision was made for registering and licensing guides in the forest-preserve counties, and such guides are required to comply with rules and regulations pre- scribed by the commissioner. Vermont provided for establishing around commercial orchards having an area of 10 acres or more open zones in which deer may be killed at any time. SUMMARY OF LAWS RELATING TO SEASONS, LICENSES, LIMITS, SALE, AND EXPORT. The dates of open seasons for migratory game birds shown under the various States and Provinces are the times when these birds may be hunted without violating either State laws or Federal regulations. 1 Federal regulations now prohibit shooting from sunset to half an hour before sunrise. The regulations under the Federal migratory -bird treaty act pro- hibit throughout the United States the killing at any time of the following birds : Band-tailed pigeon; little brown, sandhill, and whooping cranes; wood duck, swans ; curlews, willet, upland plover, and all shorebirds (except the black-bellied and golden plovers, Wilson snipe or jack- snipe, woodcock, and the greater and lesser yellowlegs) ; bobolinks, 2 catbirds, chickadees, cuckoos, flickers, flycatchers, grosbeaks, hum-- mingbirds, kinglets, martins, meadowlarks, iiighthawks or bull-bats, nuthatches, orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows, swifts, tanagers, tit- mice, thrushes, vireos, warblers, waxwings, whip-poor-wills, wood- peckers, and wrens, and all other perching birds which feed entirely or chiefly on insects; and also auks, auklets, bitterns, fulmars, gan- nets, grebes, guillemots, gulls, herons, jaegers, loons, murres, petrels, puffins, shearwaters, and terns. 1 The full text of the migratory-bird treaty, act, and regulations will be found on pages G5-77. r See order of the Secretary permitting bobolinks or reedbirds to be killed in a few States for the protection of rice crops in the south, p. 77. 8 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. In scrne States certain clays of the week constitute close seasons throughout the time in which killing is permitted. Hunting on Sun- day is prohibited in all States and Provinces east of the one hundred and fifth meridian except Illinois, Louisiana, Michigan, Texas, Wis- consin, and Quebec. Mondays constitute a close season for water- fowl locally in Maryland and North Carolina; and certain other week days for waterfowl in several favorite ducking grounds in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. Hunting is prohibited on election day in Maryland in Allegany, Baltimore, Cecil, Charles, Frederick, and Harf ord Counties ; and when snow is on the ground in New Jersey, Delaware, Virginia, and Maryland. The county laws of North Carolina, which are too numerous to be included satisfactorily, are not incorporated in the following sum- mary, which otherwise may be regarded as a practically complete resume of the regulations now in force. The migratory-bird treaty-act regulations permit the possession of migratory game birds during the open season and the first 10 days following the close of the season. This provision has been consid- ered in connection with State laws, and when migratory game birds may be legally possessed under Federal regulations and State laws during any part of the close season, it has been stated under the heading " Bag limits and possession." Possession of nonmigratory game during the close season is generally prohibited by State laws, but when an extension of a few days or a special season is provided for either possession or sale, attention is called thereto. Under the Federal migratory-bird treaty act the sale of all migra- tory game birds is prohibited throughout the United States except birds taken for scientific or propagating purposes, or waterfowl raised on farms or preserves under proper permit from the Secretary of Agriculture. In stating the open seasons 1 the plan of the New York law, to include the first and the last days thereof, has been followed. The difficulty of securing absolute accuracy in a statement of the seasons is very great, but the following summaries have been submitted to the proper State or Provincial game commissioners for approval, and are believed to be free from material errors. Seasons which apply only to special counties are placed to the left of the column contain- ing those for the State in general. Species (except migratory birds protected throughout each year by Federal regulation) on which the season is closed for a term of years or an indefinite period are grouped under the term " No open season." Provisions of State laws prohibit- ing hunting at night, between sunset and sunrise, or during certain hours, are not included. 1 For open seasons on fur-bearing animals, see Fanners' Bulletin , 1919. * GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 9 Persons are advised to secure from State game commissioners 1 e full text of game laws in iStates where hunting is contemplated. ALABAMA. Open seasons : 2 Dates inclusive. Deer (male) Nov. l-.TanTT. '~ Squirrel (black, gray, fox) Nov. 1-Feb. I. 3 Bear, quail (partridge) Nov. 1-Mar. 1. Ruffed grouse (pheasant), introduced pheasant, or other introduced game bird Nov. 15-Dec. 15. Wild turkey gobbler. Dec. 1-Apr. 1. Turtle dove__, Oct. 16-Jan. 31. Duck, goose, brant, black-bellied and golden plovers, Wilson snipe, yellowlegs", coot (mudhen) Nov. 1-Jan. 31. Woodcock Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Rail, other than coot and gallinule Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Does, elk (1925) ; hen turkeys. Hunting licenses: Nonresident or alien, $15. Resident: State, $3; county, $1. Trapping (bears and other fur-bearing animals), .$10. Issued by probate judges. Landlords, tenants, and members of families may hunt or trap on own land during open season without license. Written permission required for hunting or trapping on land of another. Bag limits and possession: One deer, 10 squirrels, 2 turkey gobblers, 25 of each other kind of upland game bird a day ; 25 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 25 sora, and 25 in all of other rails, coots, or gallinules, 25 doves a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season ; other game during first 5 days thereof. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except that a nonresident licensee may take with him, openly, game he has lawfully killed, but not more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. State game and fish commissioner may issue $1 permit to any person to capture or transport not more than 10 pairs of any one species of game bird for scientific or propagating purposes. ALASKA. Open seasons : '< North of latitude 62 Dates inclusive. Moose (females and yearlings protected all the year), caribou, sheep_ Aug. 1-Dec. 10. South of latitude 62 Deer with, horns 3 inches long (Southeastern Alaska) (see exception) _. Aug. 15-Oct. 31. Exception: Deer on Duke, Gravina, Kodiak, Long, Kruzof, San Juan, Suemez, Zarembo, Hawkins, Hinchinbrook, and Mon- tague Islands, 1921. I Mountain goat in Southeastern Alaska east of longitude 141 and on Kenai Peninsula Sept. 1-Oct. 31. Moose (females and yearlings .protected all the year), caribou, sheep (see exception) Aug. 20 Dec. 31. Exception: Caribou on Kenai Peninsula; sheep, Kenai Penin- sula, east of longitude 150 July 15, 1921. Brown bear Oct. 1-July 1. Throughout Territory Grouse, ptarmigan Sept. 1-Mar. 1. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, coot, gallinule Sept. 1-Dec. 15. No open season: Females and young of deer and mountain, sheep, mountain goat kids, and fawns of caribou, south of Arctic Circle. 1 See p. 2. A full list of names and addresses of officials and organizations con- cerned with the protection of birds and game will be found in Dept. Circ. G3, U. S. Dept. Agr., 1919. -Alabama: Hunting prohibited on all State lands. 3 Squirrels may be killed at any time on own premises when destroying property. * Alaska: Game animals or birds may be killed at any time for food or clothing by native Indians or Eskimos, or by miners or explorers in need of food, but game so killed may not be shipped or sold. 132860 19 2 10 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $50; nonresident alien, $100. Guide, first-class, $25 (American citizen) ~ second class, $7.50 (native of Alaska fee fixed by governor). Shipping lice-use*: Resident, $40 (xport of heads or trophies) ; $30 (single trophy of caribou or sheep) ; $5 (single trophy of deer, goat, or brown bear). Special license for shipping one moose killed south of latitude 62, $150. (Not more than one general ($40) license and two special ($150) moose licenses issued to one person in one year. Each shipper must file with the customs office at port of shipment an affidavit that he has not violated the game law; that the trophy to be shipped has not been bought or purchased, has not been sold, and is not shipped for purpose of sale; that he is the owner of the trophy, and, in ca.se of moose, whether the animal from which it was taken was killed north or south of latitude G2.) Bag limits and possession: Three deer, 2 moose, 3 caribou, 3 sheep, and 3 brown bears a season ; 25 grouse or ptarmigan, 25 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant a day", 25 in all in pos- session ; 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 25 shorebirds in posses- sion ; 25 in all of coots and gallinules a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 day?? of close season. Sale: Sale prohibited of heads, hides, and skins of all protected game ; deer in Southeastern Alaska; moose, caribou, sheep, and goats south of Chugatch or Const Range Mountains, including Kenai Peninsula and east to longitude 141. Serving deer or caribou on vessels east of Unimak Pass also prohibited. Sale of migratory birds prohibited. J'ennitted: Carcasses of all game (except migratory birds, and deer, moose, and sheep as above stated) may be sold during the open season and 15 days there-after. Export: Export prohibited of deer, moose, caribou, sheep, goat, bear, or hides of these animals ; wild birds, except eagles, or any parts thereof : Provided, specimens may be exported under restrictions imposed by the Secretary of Agriculture and trophies of big game under licenses issued by the governor. (See licenses.) ARIZONA. Open seasons: Date* inclusive. Deer (male), wild turkey Oct. 1-Nov. 1. Qunil (except bob-vrhite) Oct. 15-Dee. 31. Mourning doves Sept. 1-Dec. 15. White-wings July 15-Dec. 31. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinule (Oct. 16-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs ,Oct. 15-Dec. 15. Rail, other than coot and gallinule Oct. 15-Nov. 30. No open season: Does, spotted fawns, elk, antelope, sheep, goat, bobwhite, grouse, pheasant. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident or alien: Game and fish, $-!<): birds (except turkeys) and fish, $10. Not issued to applicant under 12 years of age. Resident : Game and fish, ,$1.25. Issued by gam<> warden, designated deputies, and clerk, board supervisors. Hunting on own land permitted without license during opea season. American-born resident under 17 years of age may hunt without a license, if accompanied by a holder of a general license. Bag limits and possession: One deer, 2 turkeys a, season ; 20 docks, 8 geese, 21) coot, 13 plovers and yellowiegs, and 20 rail, but not more than 20 in all of waterfowl, plovers, yollowlogs. rails, and coots a day or in possession : 25 quail, and 25 doves and white wings a day or in possession ; 25 Wilson snipe a day. Possession of plovers, yellowlegs rails, and doves permitted during first 10 days of close season ; other game during first 5 clays thereof, Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of al 1 protected game prohibited, except for scientific or propagating purposes under permit from State warden. ARKANSAS. Open seasons: Date ft 'inclusive, Deer (buck), bear Nov. 10-Jan. 15. Squirrel May 15-Jan. 15. Turkey gobblers-. Kov ' 10 - Ta11 ' 15 ' Mar. 1-TMayl. Quail (partridge) Nov. 20-Feb. 1. Du. -k, goose, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinule Nov. l-.Tnn. 31. Woodcock Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, dove Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Rail, other than coot and gallinule Sept. 1-Ncv. 30. GAME LAWS FOR 1910. 11 No open season: Does, fawns, wild turkey hen, pheasant, grouse, prairie chicken (1922). Hunting licenses: 1 Nonresident for deer, bear, and turkey, $15; resident, $1.10. For dog in hunting, $1.50. Issued by State treasurer and circuit clerks. No license required of citizen to hunt or fish during open season on own premises. Hunting prohibited on inclosed lands without consent of owner. Bag limits and possession: Two deer, 1 bear, 4 turkeys a season; 15 squirrels, 20 quail (40 in possession) ; 25 doves, 25 ducks (50 in possession) ; 8 geese, 8 brant, 25 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 in all of rails, coots, and .gallinules a day or in possession. Possession of game permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale prohibited of all protected game (except squirrels). Export: Export of all game prohibited, provided a nonresident, under his license and affidavit that game was legally taken by himself and is not for sale, may take with him one day's hag 1 limit. Commission may permit game to be shipped from the State r propagation. . CALIFORNIA. 2 Open seasons : Dates inclusive. Mule deer (except spike bucks), in districts 1, U, 4^, 23, 24, 25, and 26 Aug. 13-Oct. 14. In districts 2 and 3 Aug. 1-Sept. 14. In district 4 Aug. 15-Sept. 15. Bear (black, brown) Oct. 15-Mar. 1. Tree squirrel- Sept. 1-Dec. 31. Cottontail and brush rabbits, mountain, valley, and desert quail (see exceptions) Nov. 15-Jan. 31. Exceptions: Mountain, valley, and desert quail, districts 4 and 4i Oct. IG-Dec. 31. Mountain quail, districts 1, 23, 2-i, 25, and 20 Sept. 1-Nov. 30. Grouse Sept.l5-Oct. 14. Sage hen (except in district 4 no open season) Aug. 15-Sept. 30. Dove Sept. 1-Oct. 31. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jaeksnipe, coot (uiudhen), gallinule Oct. 16-Jan. 31. 1 Arkansas: Fishing licenses to use artificial bait: Resident, $1.10; nonresident, general, $5; special 15-day (trip) license, $1.10. 2 California: Of the 57 fish and game districts created under the act of 1917, as amended in 1919, 6 (1, 1*, 2, 3, 4, and 4) are properly hunting districts: 23, 24, 25, and 26 nre fishing districts, but are open to hunting; the other 47 are fishing districts or fish and game refuges. District 1 comprises the northern part of tho State, the Sierras, and the east half of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys, including all counties not included in districts 1|, 2, 3, and 4. District. 1J comprises the counties of Del Norte. Siskiyou, and Humboldt. District 2 comprises that part of the State south of Humboldt and Tehama Counties, west of the Sacramento River and north of San Francisco Bay, including the counties of Mendocino, Glenn, Colusa, Yolo, Solano, Napa, Lake, Sonoma, and Marin. District 3 comprises the region around the southern portion of San Francisco Bay and the coast counties south of the Golden Gate as far as Ventura, including the counties <>r' Contra Costa, Alnmeda, Santa Clara, San Francisco, Santa Cruz, Monterey, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura ; also San Benito and the west half of Snn Joaquin, Stanislaus, Merced, Fresno, and Kern Counties. District 4 comprises the counties in southern California, namely, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Imperial, and San- Bernardino. District 41 comprises the counties of Mono and Inyo. Districts 23, 24, 25, and 26, all located in district No. 1, are as follows : District 23 comprises the drainage area of Lake Tahoe and the Truckee River in the counties of Placer and Eldorado. District 24 comprises the drainage area of Silver, Twin, Blue, Meadow, and Wood Lakes in the counties of Alpine and Aniador. District 25 comprises the drainage area of Lake Almanor in the counties of Plumas and Lassen. District 26 comprises Sixty Lake Basin, part of Rae Lake, and to the south fork of Woods Creek, in Fresno County, 12 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. No open season: Doe, spike buck, fawn, elk, antelope, sheep, pheasant, introduced quail or partridge, turkey, rail, plover, yellowlegs. Hunting licenses: l Nonresident, $10 ; alien, $25 (except those with first papers, fee $10) ; resident, $1 ; veterans of Civil War, free of charge. Issued by commissioners and county clerks. Unlawful to hunt in inclosure of another without permission of owner. Bag limits and possession: Two deer, 12 tree squirrels a season; 15 cottontail or brush rabbits a day or 30 a week ; 4 grouse a day or 8 a week ; 4 sage hens a day or 8 a week ; 10 mountain quail a day or 20 a week ; 15 valley or desert quail a day or 30 a week ; 25 Wilson snipe or jacksnipe a day or 50 a week ; 15 mourning doves a day or 30 a week ; 25 ducks and 8 geese a day or 50 a week combined ; 25 coots (mud hens) and gallinules a day, 50 coots a week ; 8 honkers or black sea brant a day or 21 a week. Possession in excess of daily limit prohibited. Persons killing deer must retain in possession during open season and 10 days thereafter the skin and the portion of head bearing horns. One day's limit of game birds or animals may be possessed during first five days of close season. Sale: Sale of deer meat and hides, tree squirrels, .and all game birds prohibited. Hides of deer lawfully killed when duly tagged under affidavit (fee 25 cents) may be sold August 1 -December 31. Cottontail and brush rabbits may be sold. Domesticated reindeer may be imported and sold under regulations of fish and game commission. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except for scientific or propagating purposes under permit from board of fish and game commissioners.. All shipment by parcel post prohibited. COLORADO. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer (having horns with two or more prongs) Oct. 1-Oct. 4. Rabbit, hare Unprotected. Prairie chicken, mountain and willow grouse Sept. 15-Oct. 1. Sage chicken Aug. 15-Sept. 1. Dove (one day only) Sept. 1. Duck, goose, brant, coot, gallinule, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, black- bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 16-Dec. 3t Rail, other than coot and gallinule Sept. 16-Nov. 30. No open season: Elk, antelope, sheep, quail (bob-white crested), pheasant (1924) ; -doe, partridge, ptarmigan, wild turkey. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Big game, $25; birds, $5; fish, $2. Resident: Big game, $2 ; small game and fish, $1. No person under 18 permitted to hunt big game. Fishing license not required of boys under 16 or of women. Children under 12 not permitted to hunt except on own premises or those of parent or guardian. Guide, $5 in addition to State hunting license. Issued by commissioner, county clerks, and other agents. Unlawful to hunt in any inclosure not public land without consent of owner. Unlawful to shoot game from public highway. Bag limits and possession: One deer a season, coupon required; prairie chicken, sage hen, mountain and willow grouse, 10 in all a day, 15 in possession. Twenty-five doves, 20 ducks, , 8 geese, 8 brant, 20 Wilson snipe, 20 in all of rails, coots, and galiinules, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, but not more than 20 in all of migratory game birds a day, 35 in possession. Persons under 12 years of age limited to half this number of birds. Possession of rails permitted during first 10 days of close season ; other game during first 5 days thereof. Commissioner may issue permit authorizing storage, possession, and use of upland game for 90 days after close of open season, and migratory birds for 10 days after close of season. Sale: Sale of migratory game and of all other game taken in the State prohibited; pro- vided imported game (except migratory birds) may be sold under license by indorse- ment of shipping invoice to purchaser. Export: The export of all protected game is prohibited ; provided birds, not exceeding the numbers allowed in possession, may be exported under permit from game commissioner (fee 25 cents for each bird) if permit be attached and packages plainly marked so as to show nature of contents, but not more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week ; edible portion of deer may be exported under $5 permit from commissioner. 1 California: Fishing licenses required of persons 18 years of age and over : ; Nonresident or alien, $3; resident, $1. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 13 CONNECTICUT. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer. 1 Hare, rabbit (except Belgian or German hare, unprotected) . Oct. 8-Dec. 15. a Gray squirrel, quail, cock pheasant (introduced), Hungarian par- tridge, woodcock Oct. S-NoYt.23. Duck, goose, brant Oct. 1-Jan. 15. Coot (mudhen), gallinule Oct. 1-Dec. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 1-Nov. 30. Wilson or English snipe Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rail, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 12-Nov. 30. No open season: Dove; ruffed grouse (partridge), hen pheasant (introduced), (Oct. 8, 1920). Hunting- and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Game, $10.25; fish, $2.25.* Alien, $15.25. Resident citizen, $1.25. Not issued to persons under 16. Issued by city or borough clerk. No license required of resident and his children to hunt during open season on land on which he is actually domiciled if land is not used for club or shooting purposes. Bag limits and possession : Six gray squirrels a day, 30 a season ; 3 rabbits a day, 30 a season ; 5 each of quail and woodcock a day, 36 each a season ; 3 Hungarian partridges a day, 21 a season ; 2 cock pheasants a day, 15 a season ; 25 in all of ducks, geese, and brant, but not exceeding 8 geese and 8 brant a day ; 10 in all of plover, yellow- legs, and Wilson snipe ; 35 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coot, and gallinules a day, but not more than 35 in all of sora and other rails. Possession of rails permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of squirrels, rabbits, and introduced pheasant permitted during open season. Sale of other game prohibited. Export: Export of quail, ruffed grouse, and woodcock prohibited, provided a nonresident licensee under permit may take out in his immediate possession game lawfully killed, when duly tagged, if not for sale ; but not more than two days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. DELAWARE. Open seasons: * Dates inclusive. Rabbit, hare, quail, partridge, woodcock NOT. 15-Dec. 31. Squirrel (fox, black, gray) . Sept. 15-Nov. 1. Dove (except in Newcastle County, no open season) Nov. 15-Dec. 15. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, gallinule Oct. 16-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16 Nov. 30. Rail, other than coot and gallinule Sept. 1-Nov. 1. Reedbird Sept 1-Oct 30. 5 No open season: Hungarian partridge or pheasant. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Game, $10.50; fish, $3.50 (not good in Dela- ware River or Bay). Issued by commission. Unlawful to hunt on land of another without permission from owner or occupant. Fishing license not required of certain excursionists. Nonresidents who own or lease property at seaside summer resorts and their relatives, friends, and patrons sojourning at such resorts may fish for non- game fish and hunt without license during open season, between June 1 and Septem- ber 30. Bag limits and possession: Six in all of rabbits, hares, and squirrels, 20 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 50 sora, 25 1 Connecticut: Owner of agricultural lands, member of family, or employee may kill deer with a shotgun at any time on such lands when damaging fruit trees or growing crops, but such killing or wounding must be reported to the commissioners within 12 hours. 2 Between Nov. 24 and Dec. 15 hunting rabbits is permitted with dog and ferret only. 3 Required only of residents of States which require a nonresident to obtain an angling license. Not required of nonresident taxpayer or member of his family, nor of persons under 16 years of age. 4 Delaivttr&t Minors under 15 years of age not permited to hunt game with shotgun or rifle unless accompanied by an adult lawfully hunting. 5 See order of Secretary of Agriculture, p. 77. 14 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. in all of other rails, coots, and gaUimiles, hut not more than 50 in nil of sora and other rails combined; 12 birds of any other species (except reedbirds) a day. Posses- sion of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season ; other game during first 5 days thereof. Sale: Sale of reedbirds and all protected game prohibited: Provided a resident may sell in his own county 20 rabbits a season, lawfully taken by him. Imported rabbits may he sold from November 15 to December 33. Export :Export of rabbit, squirrel, quail, partridge, dove, woodcock, goose, and brant is prohibited, provided holder of license may export, open to view, 10 rabbits, 10 squir- rels, 50 rails, and 20 birds or fowl of any other species a week, lawfully killed by himself, under affidavit that the game is not for sale. Resident may export ducks, snipe, and plover. In no event, however, shall a person export more than '2 days' limit of migratory birds in any one calendar week. Under permit (fee, $1) of board 10 pairs of any one species of game or birds may be captured or transported. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 1 Open eeasons: Dates inclusive. Deer meat (sale or possession) Sept. 1-Jan. 1. Rabbit (except English rabbit, Belgian hare), squirrel Nov. 1-Feb. 1. Quail or partridge Nov. 1-Mar. 15. Ruffed grouse or pheasant (except English or other imported pheas- ants raised in inclosures, sale or possession unrestricted), wild turkey Nov. l-De<\ 26. Prairie chicken (pinnated grouse) Sept. 1-Mar. ir>. Marsh blackbird Sept. 1-Feb. 1. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinulo Nov. 1-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowtegs, rail or ortolan s. Partridge or pheasant in Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Bonneville, Butte, Caribou, Franklin, Fremont, Jefferson, Madison, Oneida, Power, and Teton Counties ___________________________________ Aug. 15 Sept. 15. Ruffed and blue or dusky grouse in Adams, Bannock, Bingham, Blaine, Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Custer, Elmore, Frank- lin, Fremont, Idaho, Lemhi, Madison, Teton, Valley, and Wash- ington Counties _____________________________________________ Aug. 15-Sept. 30. Grouse (all kinds) in Ada, Canyon, Cassia, Clark, Gem, Gooding, Jerome, Lincoln, Minidoka, Owyhee, Payette, and Twin Falls Counties ____________________________________________________ No open season. Franklin grouse (fool hen), sharp-tailed grouse (prairie chicken), south of line between townships 24 and 25 north, range 2 west, Salmon River and north boundary line Lemhi County __________ >No open season. Sage hen (State) _____________________________________________ .Aug. 15-Sept. 30. Doves _______________________________________________________ Sept. 1-Sept. 30. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, coot, and gallinule __________________ Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Rail other than coot and gallinule ______________________________ Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Moose, antelope, caribou, sheep, buffalo, fawn, calf elk, prairie chicken, pinnated grouse (except as above), and imported pheasants (except Chinese, ring- neck, and Mongolian pheasants as above). 1 Georgia: See order of Secretary of Agriculture, p. 77. 16 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: 1 Game and fish, $10; bird, $5; fish, $2. Alien : Game and fish, $50 ; fish, $10. Resident : Game and fish, $1.50. Issued by warden, deputy, or authorized agent. Fishing license not required of children under 12 or of women. No license required of resident women or of veterans of Civil War. Persons under 12 prohibited possessing gun afield. Bag limits and possession: One deer, 1 elk, 1 goat a season; 8 quail, 4 in all of Chinese, ringneck, and Mongolian pheasants ; 6 in all of partridge, pheasant, grouse, and sage hen, and 12 mourning doves, a day or in possession ; 18 ducks, 2 geese, 6 black-bellied and golden plovers, 6 yellowlegs, 12 Wilson snipe, or a total of 20 in all a day or in possession ; 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules a day. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Hides, heads, and horns may be sold under permit. Export: Export of all protected game is prohibited, provided any hunter may export, under hunting license coupon, big game lawfully taken ; big game once shipped within State may be exported under a 50-cent permit obtained from, game warden. Mounted heads and stuffed birds legally secured may be exported. ILLINOIS. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Rabbit .Nov. 1-Jan. 31. Squirrel July 1-Dec. 1. Quail (bob-white) Nov. 10-Dec. 10. Prairie chicken Oct. 20-Oct. 31. Introduced pheasant (cocks) Oct. 1-Oct. 5. Dove .Sept. 1-Sept. 30. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinules, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs .Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Rail, other than coot and gallinule Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer (1925) ; wild turkey, introduced pheasant hen, sand grouse (1925) ; ruffed grouse (partridge), blue, mountain, and valley quail, Hungarian partridge, capercailzie, heath hen, black grouse, woodcock (1923). Hunting licenses: Nonresident or alien, $10.50; resident, $1. Licenses not issued to minors under 16 without written consent of parent or guardian. Issued by village, county, or city clerk. Owners, their children, and tenants in actual residence may hunt during open season 011 own land without license. Permission required to hunt on lands of another. Bag limits and possession: Ten squirrels, 15 rabbits, 12 quail, 3 prairie chickens, 2 cock pheasants, 15 doves, 15 in all of black-bellied and golden plovers and yellowlegs, 15 snipe, 15 irk all of coot and gallinules, 15 rail, but not more than 25 in all of rails, coots, and gallinules, 15 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant a day. Limit in possession, 20 squirrels, 36 quail, 12 prairie chickens, 6 cock pheasants, 25 doves, 50 black-bellied and golden plovers and yellowlegs, 50 snipe, 60 coots and gallinules, 60 rail, 60 ducks, 10 geese, 10 brant. Sale: Sale of all protected game (except rabbit during open season) prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game (except rabbit) prohibited, except nonresident licensee may take from State 50 game birds or animals, if carried openly for inspec- tion, but not more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. Holder of certificate may ship birds and game at any time for scientific or propa- gating purposes. (See Regulation 8, p. 74.) INDIANA. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Rabbit Apr. 1-Jan. 10. Squirrel Aug. 1-Dec. 1. Quail, ruffed grouse Nov. 10-Dec. 20. Prairie chicken Oct. 15-Nov. 1. Duck, goose, brant Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Woodcock Oct. 15-Nov. 1. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, Wilson or jack snipe, coot, gallinule .Sept. 16-Dec. 20. Rail, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer, Hungarian partridge, introduced pheasant, wild turkey, 1 dove. 1 Idaho: Residents of States adjoining Idaho having larger nonresident license fee must pay fee charged m own State. GAME LAWS FOE 1919. 17 Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Game and fish, $15.50; fish, $1. Resident, $1. Issued by clerk circuit court. Not issued to person under 14 without written consent of parent or guardian. Civil War veterans, owners of farm land, their children living with them, and tenants may hunt during open season on own land without a license. No license required of persons to fish in county of residence or contiguous counties. Wife of licensee and children of licensee under 18 may fish without license. Bag limits and possession: Fifteen quail, 5 prairie chickens, 15 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant a day ; 45 waterfowl in possession as result of 3 or more days' consecutive hunting ; 25 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 50 sora, and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules, and 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs a day. Possession of waterfowl permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of quail, prairie chicken, introduced pheasants, Hungarian partridges, and migratory birds prohibited. Export: Export, of deer, quail, grouse, prairie chicken, pheasant, wild turkey, wood- cock, duck, goose, brant, and other waterfowl prohibited, except nonresident may take from State 15 birds killed by himself (or 45 if he has hunted for 3 or more days consecutively) if carried openly for inspection together with license, but not more thaa two days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. Miscellaneous: Shooting on highways prohibited. IOWA. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Squirrel (gray, timber, or fox) Sept. 1-Jan. 1. Ruffed grouse or pheasant, wild turkey Nov. 1-Dec. 15. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, gallinulc, black- bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs .Sept. 16 Dec. 31. Woodcock Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rail other than coot and gallinule ..Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer, elk, quail, prairie chicken, introduced pheasants, Hungarian partridge (1922) ; turtle dove. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident or alien, game, $10; nonresident, fish, $2 (re- quired of males over 16 years of age). Resident citizen, $1. Issued by county auditor. Licenses not granted to persons under 18 without written consent of parent or guardian. Owners of farm lands, their children, and tenants, may hunt on own lands during open season without license. Unlawful to hunt on cultivated or inclosed lands of another without permission from owner. Bag limits and possession: Twenty-five ducks a day, 50 in possession; 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 25 in all of rails, coots, and gallinules a day, 25 of each in possession. Twenty-five each of other birds and game a day or in possession. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season ; other game during first 5 days thereof. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except nonresident may take from State not more than 25 game birds or animals, if carried openly for inspection, and if hunting license be shown on request, but not more than two days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. KANSAS. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Fox squirrel Sept. 1-Jan. 1. Quail Dec. 1-Dec. 10. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinules, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 16Dec. 31. Woodcock Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rail other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer, antelope (1925) ; red, gray, and black squirrels, prairie chicken, ruffed grouse (partridge), pheasant (English, Mongolian, Hungarian) (1924) ; doves. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $15. Issued by secretary of state. Resident, $1. Issued by county clerk. Issued free to honorably discharged soldiers or sailors of United States. Resident landowner or member of family may hunt on own land during open season without a license. Unlawful to hunt on land of another or on highway or railroad right of way adjacent thereto without written consent of owner, unless ac- companied by him. Bag limits and possession: Twenty ducks, 10 quail, 12 Wilson snipe, 6 each of woodcock, geese, and brant, 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules, and 15 in 132860 19 3 18 FARMERS ' BULLETIN 1077. all of plovers and yellowlegs a da.v. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game birds prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game birds prohibited. KENTUCKY. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Rabbit a Nov. 15-Dec. Hi . Squirrel July 1-Dec. 15. Quail Nov. 15-Tan. 1. Dove Sept. 1-Oct. 15. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, gallinules, black- bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. l<>-Dec. 31. Rail other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer, elk (1921) ; native and introduced pheasants, Hungarian partridge, wild turkey (1920) ; woodcock. Hunting: licenses: Nonresident or alien, $7.50. Resident, $1. ^Issued by county clerk. Resident land owner, tenant, and members of families may "hunt on own land during open season without license. Unlawful to enter inclosed lands of another for shoot- ing, hunting, or fishing without consent. Bag- limits and possession: Twelve quail a day, 12 in possession for each day of hunt; 15 doves a day, 15 in possession for each day of hunt; 25 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in .ill of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 50 sora, and 25 in all of other rails, coot, and gallinules a day. Possession of migratory birds, except doves, permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of quail, partridge, grouse, introduced or native pheasant, Hungarian partridge, wild turkey, and migratory birds, wherever killed, prohibited. Export: Export of deer, elk, and all game birds prohibited, except a hunter may trans- port game lawfully killed and possessed by him, but more than 2 days' limit of migra- tory birds shall not be exported in any one calendar week. LOUISIANA. upen seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer (see exception) Sept. 15-Tan. 5.'-' Exception: South of Vernon, Rapides, Avoyelles, and Concordia Parishes, and Mississippi State line Oct. 1-Jan. 20. Bear Nov. 1-Feb. 15. 3 Squirrel Sept. 15-Feb. 15. Dove Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Quail , Nov. 15-Feb. 29. Wild turkey Nov. 15-Mar. 31. Gros-bec (night heron) July 1-Oct. 31. Duck, goose, brant, black-bellied and golden plovers, Wilson snipe, yellowlegs, rails, coot, gallinules Nov. 1-Jan. 31. No open season: Fawns, elk, prairie chicken, introduced pheasant, upland plover (papu- botte) (1922) ; woodcock (1923). Hunting licenses: Nonresident or alien, $15; resident, $1. Issued by tax collectors. Nonresident or alien not. permitted to hunt for profit. A person may hunt during open season without a license on land owned or leased for agricultural purposes. License does not authorize hunting on land of another without his written consent. Bag: limits and possession: Two deer a day or in possession, 5 a season: 15 squirrels, 15 quail, 1 turkey, 25 doves, 25 ducks ; 8 geese, 8 brant, 10 in all : 25 in all of rails, coots, and gallinnles ; 15 gros-becs ; 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs; 25 Wilson snipe and 15 oth^r birds in all a day. Possession permitted during first five days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game (except squirrels during open season) prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except under permit for scientific or educational purposes ; provided, a nonresident licensee may carry with him out of the State under his license one day's limit of game, if not for sale. Bears shall not be exported, except under written permission of conservation department. 1 KrntncJcj/: Rabbits may be taken with dogs or snares at any time for a person's own use on own land, but not for sale or barter. 3 Louisiana : Deer season fixed by conservation commissioner. - Nonresidents coming into State to hunt bears must report in writing to conservation department before arrival at destination. GAME LAWS FOR 1010. 19 MAINE. 1 Open seasons: 2 Dates inclusive. Deer (see exception) Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Exception: In Androscoggin, Cumberland, Ken- nebec, Knox, Lincoln, Sagadahoc, Waldo, and York Counties Nov. 1 Nov. 30. Bull moose Nov. 21-NovT30; Hare, rabbit Oct. 1-Mar. 31. Cray squirrel Oct. 1-Oct. 31.* I Ruffed grouse, partridge, woodcock (see exception) Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Exception: In Androscoggin, Cumberland, Ken- nebec, Knox, Lincoln, Sagadahoc, Waldo, and York Counties.^. Oct. 1-Oct. 31. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinules Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16-Nov. 30. Rail, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer on Cross, Scotch, Swan, and Mount Desert Islands, and in towns of Deer Isle and Stonington, in Hancock County, and in Isle au Haut, in Knox County, cow and calf 4 moose, caribou, quail, Hungarian partridge, pheasant, black game, caper- cailzie, cock of the woods, dove. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident hunting licenses: Moose, $25; deer and other game, October 1-December 31, $15 ; birds, prior to October 1 in Aroostook, Franklin, Hancock, Oxford, Penobscot, Piscataquis, Somerset, and Washington Counties, $5 ; season (except November) in rest of State, $5. For November, a $15 license, or, iC moose are to be hunted, a $25 license is required. Holder of a license may exchange it for a license for which a larger fee is required by paying the difference in price. Nonresident must be accompanied by registered guide when camping and kindling fires while hunting or fishing on wild lands (land in unorganized or unincorporated town- ships) prior to November 30. Nonresident or resident alien, fishing license, $2.15 (not required of children under 14 years of age). Resident alien, game, $15 (not required of aliens who pay taxes on real estate and who have resided in State two years con- tinuously prior to application). Guide licenses: Nonresident, $20; resident, $1. Must not guide more than five persons hunting at one time. Shipping licenses (within State) : Resident, deer, $2 ; one pair of game birds in seven days, 50 cents. Issued by commissioner. Resident hunting license, fee 25 cents. Not required of resident or member of im- mediate family for hunting during open season on own land used exclusively for agri- cultural purposes and on which he is actually domiciled. License valid as long as holder remains citizen of State. Issued by city, town, and plantation clerks. Bag limits and possession: Two deer (except in Andrcscosgin, Cumberland, Kennebec, Knox, Lincoln, Sagadahoc, Waldo, and York Counties, limit 1), 1 bull moose a season, 5 ruffed grouse, 10 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs but not more than 5 plovers, 10 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coot, and gallinules a day. Transportation of migratory game birds must be completed within five clays after close of season ; reasonable, time allowed after close of season to transport other game to home of owner. Possession of migratory birds limited to first 10 days of close season ; deer legally secured may be possessed during close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game birds prohibited: sale of bull moose or deer for export prohibited. Local provision dealer, under $5 license, may purchase 2 deer and 1 bull moose for retail to his customers. Deerskins and skins with heads attached may be bought and sold by residents under $25 license. Heads when detached from skins with which purchased may be sold to licensed taxidermists. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, provided a resident of the State, under shipping license, may export 5 partridges. 10 woodcock, and 10 ducks (fee $5) law- fully killed by himself. A nonresident may export, open to view under hunting- license tags, 2 deer and 1 bull moose, if lawfully killed by himself, plainly labeled 1 Maine: Commissioner may make local regulations and governor may vSiispend hunting seasons during drought. 2 All hunting is prohibited on Kineo Point, Piscataquis County ; on Back Bay above Grand Trunk Railroad bridge, and on Richmonds Island, Cumberland County ; southern point Swan Island ; and locally in town of Eden, Hancock County, and town of Scarboro, Cumberland County. (See State laws for details and other protected areas.) 3 Squirrels protected in parks and in compact or built-up portions of cities and villag^s. 4 Term applies to animals under 1 year of age and which do not have at least two 3 inch prongs to each horn. 20 FAKMERS' BULLETIN 1077. with name and address of owner, accompanied by him, and identified at points desig- nated by commissioner, and under bird-hunting license may take home 5 partridges, 10 ducks, and 10 woodcock lawfully killed by himself; nonresident licensee may also ship out one pair of game birds a month under a special 50-cent license. Live game may be exported for breeding and advertising purposes under permit of the commissioner of inland fisheries and game, Miscellaneous: Unlawful to possess rifle or shotgun, either loaded or with a cartridge in the magazine thereof, in or on any motor vehicle while upon any highway or in the fields or forests. MARYLAND. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Rabbit (see exception) Nov. 10-Doc. 24. Exception: In Dorchester, Nov. 10 Jan. 1. Squirrel (see exceptions) __ __{*; Exceptions: In Allegany County Sept. 15-Dcc. 24. In Cecil Aug. 25-Oct. 25. In Dorchester Sept. 1-Jan. 1. In Frederick Aug. 25-Dec. 24. In Anne Arundel, Calvcrt, Charles, Prince George, and Talbot Nov. 10-Dec. 24. In St. Mary Unprotected. Quail, ruffed grouse, wild turkey, introduced pheasant, woodcock (see exceptions) Nov. 10-Dec. 24. Exceptions: Quail in Dorchester, Nov. 10 Jan. 1 ; quail in Frederick (1921) ; ringneck or English pheasant in Bal- timore County (1920) ; ruffed grouse, ringneck pheasant, wild turkey in Harford (no open season) ; ruffed grouse, introduced pheasants in Wicomico (1921) ; introduced pheas- ants and partridges, ruffed grouse in Dorchester (1920) ; woodcock in Anne Arundel (no open season). Dove : Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinules Nov. 1-Jan. 31. 1 Black4>ellicd and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16 Nov. 30. 1 Rail, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 1. Reedbirds Sept. 1-Oct. 30. 2 No open seasons: Deer, elk (1922). Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $10.25 (fee $5.25 for State license if applicant owns real estate in Maryland assessed at $500 ; $1.25 for county license in county where such real estate is located) ; resident, State, $5.10 ; county, $1.10 ; issued by clerks of circuit court in Baltimore city by clerk court common pleas. License not issued to person under 14 years of age without written request of parent or "guardian. Owners, tenants, and their children may hunt on own land during open season without license. Patuxent River Club license, $25 ; issued by clerk of circuit court. Aliens not permitted to hunt or possess firearms. Unlawful to hunt on lands of another without written permission of owner or tenant. Sinlcbox, sneak ~boat, Wind, pusher. Cecil: Sneak boat (Bohemia and Elk Rivers), $5.50; sinkbox (Bohemia, Elk, and Sassafras Rivers), $10.50. Anne Arundel: Pusher, $2; booby and brush blinds (west side Chesapeake Bay), $5; (South River), $2.50. Harford: Sinkbox, $20.75; sneak boat, $5.75. Kent: Sinkbox, $20; blind, $5. Queen Anne: Sinkbox, $10:50; sneak boat, $5.75; booby blind, $2.50. Susguehanna Flats: Sinkbox, $20.75; sneak boat, $5.75; Talbot: Sinkbox, $5; blind or sinkbox (Dickson Bay), $5. Patuxent River: Pusher, $2.50 (required of residents to push or paddle nonresidents). 1 Mari/land: Wild fowl shooting restricted locally as follows : On the Susquehanna flats north of a line extending from Turkey Point Lighthouse, Cecil County, and half a mile north of Spesutia Island to Oakington, Harford County, hunting allowed only on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, Nov. 1-Jan. 1, and Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, and Satur- days, Jan. 1-Jan. 31 ; in Harford County only before 2 p. m. ; in Anne Arundel County, on Magothy River on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays ; on Rhode and West Rivers on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays ; on Severn River on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays ; in Cecil County, on Bohemia, Elk, and Sassafras Rivers on Mondays, Wednes- days, Fridays, and Saturdays ; in Dorchester County, on Choptank River on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays ; in Kent County, on Chester River above Cliff City and Span- iard Point on Mondays, Fridays, and Saturdays. 2 See Order of the Secretary of Agriculture, p. 77. JAME LAWS FOK 1919. Bag limits and possession: Four wild turkeys a season; 10 rabbits, 10 squirrels, 12 quail (partridge), 2 ruffed grouse, 3 English pheasants, 6 woodcock, 12 doves, 10 jacksnipe, 15 yellowlcgs, 5 black-bellied plover, 15 golden plover (but not more than 15 plovers and yellowlegs combined), 50 reedbirds, 50 sora, 25 in all of other rails, coots, and galli- nules (but not more than 10 coots and gallinules or 50 sora and other rails combined), 25 waterfowl (but not more than 8 geese and 8 brant) a day for each licensed gunner I (not exceeding 4) connected with an outfit. Possession of waterfowl, Wilson snipe, and plovers permitted during first 10 days of close season, and of doves until December 24. Additional county restrictions: Allegany, 2 wild turkeys a day. Baltimore, 6 rab- bits', 1 jack rabbit, 8 squirrels, 10 quail, 1 English pheasant, 1 ringneck pheas- ant, 1 wild turkey a day. Cnlvert, 6 rabbits a day. Cecil, 5 rabbits, 6 squirrels, 50 blackbirds a. day. Frederick, 8 rabbits, 5 woodcock a day. Garrett, 3 ruffled grouse, 3 English pheasants, 6 other game birds a day. Harford, 6 rabbits, 1 jack rabbit, 8 squirrels, 10 quail, 5 woodcock, a day or in possession. Sale: Sale of reedbirds and all migratory game birds prohibited. The sale of game is further prohibited under county laws, as follows: Allegany Deer, squirrel, hare, quail, grouse, introduced pheasant, wild turkey, dove, woodcock. Anne Arundel All game (except squirrel, rabbit, and raccoon). Baltimore Rabbit, squirrel, quail, ruffed grouse, dove, pheasant, for export. Calvert Rabbit, quail, for export for sale. Carroll Squirrel, partridge, pheasant, dove, woodcock. Cecil All protected game (except rabbit). Dorchester Rabbit, squirrel, quail, partridge, for export. Frederick Rabbit, squirrel, partridge, pheasant, taken in county. Garrett Partridge, quail, pheasant, wild turkey, for export. Ilarford Rabbit, squirrel, quail (for sale). Montgomery Rabbit, quail, partridge, for export. Somerset Rabbit, quail or partridge, dead or 1 alive, for any other purpose than as food within the county or for propagation ; or any game for export. Washington All game. Wicomico Quail or partridge for export (Wicomico and Worcester Counties' consid- ered as one territory). Worcester Rabbit, quail (except to consumer). Export: Export of all protected game (except waterfowl) prohibited; provided: a licensed hunter may take out under his license an amount equal to one day's bag limit of game, if not for sale. County provisions prohibiting export are as follows : Allegany All protected game (for sale). Anne Arundel All protected game, viz : Squirrel, rabbit, quail, partridge, pheasant, woodcock, snipe, plover, duck, goose, brant from county. B Baltimore Rabbit, squirrel, quail, partridge, pheasant, dove, woodcock from county. Calvert Rabbit, partridge, woodcock from county (for sale, barter, or trade). Carroll Squirrel, quail, pheasant, dove, woodcock. Exception: Twelve squirrels, 10 quail, 3 pheasants, 12 doves, G woodcock, by guost of landowner or nonresident licensee as personal baggage and not for sale. Caroline Rabbit, quail, partridge, woodcock from county. Cecil Squirrel, quail, grouse, woodcock, plover from county. Dorchester All protected game. Exception: Twelve quail or partridges, G each of squirrels, rabbits, woodcock, and doves may be taken out of the county at one time as personal baggage, if car- ried openly and not intended for sale. Frederick Rabbit (for sale), squirrel, partridge, pheasant, woodcock from, county (for sale). Garrett Partridge, pheasant, wild turkey, woodcock from State. Exception: Rabbit, if shipped openly, Nov. 10-Dec. 25. Nonresident may take out game killed under his hunting license. Harford Rabbit, squirrel, quail. Exception: Nonresident licensee may take out 6 rabbits, 1 jack rabbit, 8 squir- rels, 10 quail, 5 woodcock, 10 jacksnipe, 50 rail for private use. Kent Squirrel, rabbit, and all birds from county (for sale, except under license). Montgomery Rabbit, partridge, quail, woodcock from county (for sale). Exception: Nonresident licensee may take out game lawfully killed. Queen Anne Rabbit, "partridge, woodcock from county (for sale). Somerset All game, viz : Squirrel, rabbit, quail or partridge, pheasant, dove, wood- cock, duck, goose from county. 22 FARMERS * BULLETIN 10T7. Talbot All game. Exception: Six rabbits, 6 squirrels, 12 quail, 6 doves, 6 woodcock may be taken out if not for sale. Washington Deer, squirrel, rabbit, partridge, pheasant, dove, woodcock, turkey from county (for sale). "Wicomlco Quail or partridge, Wicomico and Worcester Counties considered as one territory. Worcester Rabbit, quail, woodcock from county. MASSACHUSETTS. Open seasons: l Dates inclusive. Doer (first Monday in December to the following Saturday, inclu- sive) Dec. 1-Dec. G. Hare or rabbit (see exceptions) Oct. 20-Feb. 2S. Exceptions: Hare or white rabbits in Bristol and Norfolk Coun- ties, 1920 ; European hares in Berkshire County, unprotected. Gray squirrel, quail, woodcock (see exception) Oct. 20-Xov. 20. Exception: Quail in Dukes, Essex, Hampdeu, Middlesex, and Nantucket Counties (1922). Introduced pheasant (see exception) Oct. 20-Nor. 20. Exception: In Dukes County No open season. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, gallinules, quark (mudhen) Sept. 16- Dec. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yollowlegs Aug. Ki-Nov. MO. Rail, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. :!0. No open season: Moose, dove, prairie chicken, Hungarian partridge, pheasants (English, golden, Mongolian), 2 heath lien; ruffed grouse (1920). Hunting and fishing 3 licenses: Nonresident citizen: General, $10; fish, $1. Members of incorporated game clubs owning real estate assessed at not less than $500 for oach member, and which were organized prior to 1907 ; owners, or their minor children over 18 years old, of real estate assessed at not less than $500 ; or nonresidents invited (for not more than four days) by members of incorporated club for hunting foxes pay a fee of $1. Resident citizen : General, $1 ; fish, 50 1 cents. License not issued to minors under 15, and those under 18 yoars of age must apply in writing and furnish written consent of parent or guardian. Trapping license, in discretion of issuing offi- cer, may be issued to any minor. License not required of resident for hunting on own land used exclusively for agricultural purposes and on which he is actually domiciled, nor of women or minors under 18 to fish. Alien: General, $15; fish, $1 (applicant must own real estate to the assessed value of $500). Issued by city or town clerks. Bag limits and possession: One deer, 15 gray squirrels, 20 woodcock, 20 quail a season; 5 gray squirrels, 4 woodcock, 4 quail a day ; pheasants, 2 a day, 6 a season ; 25 ducks (not more than 15 black ducks), 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 50 sora, and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules a day.- Possession of waterfowl in counties of Barnstable, Bristol, Dukes, and Nantucket, and of plovers, yellowlegs, and rails permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: The sale of all game (except hare and rabbit) is prohibited; provided, deer, moose, caribou, and elk lawfully killed and imported into the State under warden's tag may be sold under license at any time. Dealers may sell under license unplucked bodies of pheasant, Scotch grouse, European black game, red-logged partridge, and Egyptian or migratory quail imported from without the United States. The above game must be tagged ; fee, 5 cents a tag. Hares or rabbits lawfully secured may be sold at any time. Live quail under State permit and waterfowl under Federal and State permits may be sold for propagation. Export: Export of quail and ruffed grouse taken in State and of all migratory game birds prohibited ; provided, a nonresident under his license may take 10 in all of wild fowl and quail into another State according similar privilege, if carried open to view and the commission or district deputy is notified ; provided further, a resident may export all game (except quail, ruffed grouse, woodcock), but more than two days' bag limit of migratory birds shall not be exported in any one calendar week. No game illegally taken shall be exported. Miscellaneous: Deer may be taken with a shotgun only. Unlawful to hunt or kill game with rifle or revolver during open season for deer. 1 Massachusetts: Governor may suspend open seasons during extreme drought. 2 Commission may open season on pheasants, 3 License required to fish in inland waters which have been stocked with fish by the commission since. January 1, 1910. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 23 MICHIGAN. Open seasons: 1 'Da-test inclusive. Deer (see exceptions) Nov. 10-Nov. 30. Exceptions: Deer in red coat, fawn in spotted coat; all deer in Bay, Clare, Emmet, Gladwin, Huron, Lake, Midland, Mis- saukee, Newaygo, Ooeana, Ogemaw, Osceola, Otsego, Ros- comnion, Tuscola Counties (1923). Rabbit (see exception) Oct. 1-Mar. 1. Exception: South of township 21 north Nov. 1-Mar. 1. Squirrel (fox) Oct. 15-Oet. 31. Ruffed grouse (partridge) (see exception) Oct. 1-Oct. 31. Exception: Lower Peninsula Nov. 1 Nov. 30. Woodcock Oct. l-Nov.25. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinule Sept. 16-Deo. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 16-Dec. 15. Rail Sept. 16-Nov. 30. No open season: Elk, moose, caribou, European partridge, dove, squirrel (except fox squirrel), quail, introduced pheasants, black game, capercailzie, hazel grouse, Canada or spruce grouse, prairie chickens, wild turkey (1921). Hunting licenses: 2 Nonresident or alien: Deer, $25; small game, $10. Resident: Deer, $1.50 ; small game, $1. Issued by county clerks, commissioner, or deputy. Export, issued by commissioner, $10. Licenses issued to persons under 17 and over 12 on application of parent or guardian, who must accompany such minor when hunting. No license required of residents or minor children hunting small game on own inclosed land on which they reside. Bag limits and possession: One deer a season, 5 partridge a day, 10 in possession, 25 a season : 25 ducks and coots a day or in possession, 50 a calendar week : 6 geese and brant a day or in possession. 25 a season ; 6 woodcock a day, 20 in possession, 25 a season ; 15 Wilson snipe a day, 25 a season ; 15 in all of black-bellied and golden plovers and yellowlegs a day, 25 a season ; 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coufs, and galliuules a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season, ruffed grouse (partridge) during first 30 days of close season, and other game during first 5 days thereof. Camping party of six or not less than four licensed hunters maintaining a camp of not less than four persons for not less than seven days may, under permit (fee $3), kill one deer for camp purposes. Sale: Sale prohibited of all protected game, except rabbit, provided deer skins and green or mounted buck-deer heads lawfully taken may be sold under permit. Dealers may sell under license unplucked carcasses of pheasants of all species, Scotch grouse, Euro- pean black game, red-legged partridge, Egyptian quail, European red deer, fallow deer, roe buck, and reindeer lawfully imported from another State or country, if properly tagged on arrival in State. Licensed retail dealer, club, hotel, restaurant, etc., may sell portion of said imported and tagged game to patron or customer for actual con- sumption or use. Export: Export prohibited of all protected game. Exceptions: (1) Deer may be transported outside the State to reach a point within the State. (2) Nonresident licensee may take out, as hand baggage, open to view, 1 day's bng limit of birds, and may ship one deer when license tag and seal are attached, if per- mit on back of license coupon is canceled by agent at initial point of billing. (3) Landowners and members of clubs owning game preserves may take out as hand baggage during open season under a $10 permit from State warden 20 ducks or other migratory birds killed by them on their own premises, but not more than two days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. (4) Deer skins and green or mounted buck deer heads may be exported under permit. MINNESOTA. Open seasons: 3 Dates inclusive. Deer, bull moose Nov. 15 Dec. 5. Black bear, rabbit (see exception) Unprotected. Exception: Varying hare, or snowshoe rabbit, and jack rabbit Oct. 15-Mar. 1. Squirrel Oct. 15-Mar. 1.* 1 Michigan: Seasons may be shortened or closed by order of commissioner. 2 Fishing licenses: Nonresident (males over 21), general, $5 (after Jan. 1, 1920, fee $3) ; special, $1 (fish, except brook trout). 3 Minnesota : All hunting prohibited within 3 miles of the corporate limits of Duluth, Minneapolis, and St. Paul. 4 Squirrels protected within corporate limits of any city or village, or within one- fourth mile thereof. 24 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. Open seasons Continued. Dates inclusive. Quail Oct. 15-Nov. 30. Duck, goose, brant, coot, gallinules, \Yilson snipe or jacksnipe, yellowlegs Sept. IG-Nov. 30. RaO Sept. IG-Dec. 31. No open season: Elk, cow moose, caribou, imported pheasants, woodcock, upland plover, dove, and ruffed grouse (1920), prairie chicken, pinnated, white-breasted, and sharp- tailed grouse (1922) ; black-bellied and golden plovers. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident or alien: Animals, $50; birds, $15; issued by commissioner. Fishing license, $1 (not required of person under 16 years of age). Issued by commissioner, county auditors, game wardens, and agents. Resident : Ani- mals, $1 ; birds, $1 ; fish, $1. Issued by county auditor. Not issued to person under 14 years of age. Owners, lessees, or members of their immediate families may hunt without license during open season on own or leased land occupied by them as per- manent residence. Unlawful to enter growing grain fields for purpose of hunting with- out permission of owner. Bag limits and possession: One deer or 1 antlered moose (but not both), a season ; 5 geese a day or in possession ; 15 in all of ducks, coot, gallinules, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, yellowlegs, and rails a day, 45 in possession ; 10 quail a day, 20 in possession, 30 a season. Possession permitted during first 5 days of closed season. Under permit or tags deer and moose may be possessed to February 28, migratory birds for 10 days after close of season, and other game birds to January 31. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited, provided, hides of deer and moose legally killed may be sold. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except nonresident licensee may ship home in open season under his license coupons 1 deer, or 1 bull moose, and 25 birds lawfully taken by himself, but not more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. Deer and moose hides for tanning and heads for mounting may be exported when tagged with license coupons. Miscellaneous: Unlawful to carry gun in motor vehicle unless taken apart or contained in a case. MISSISSIPPI.) 1 Open seasons: 1 Dates inclusive. Deer (male), bear Nov. 15-Mar. 1. Rabbit, squirrel Unprotected. Quail or partridge Nov. 1-Mar. 1. Wild turkey gobblers Jan. 1-May 1. Dove !_-Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Waterfowl, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, poule d'eau, gallinule, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Nov. 1-Jan. 31. Woodcock Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Rail other than coot and gallinule Sept. 1 Nov. 30. No open season: Does; turkey hens (1921). Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $20 (county license). Issued hy sheriff. landowners and their nonresident relatives and friends may hunt without license during open season on own lands. Bag limits and possession: One deer a day, 5 a season; 20 ducks, 8 geese, 8 "brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 20 doves, 15 in all of rails, coot, and gallinules, but a mixed bag shall not exceed 20 birds. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited. MISSOURI. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer (buck) Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Squirrel June 1-Dec. 31. Quail (bob-white partridge) Nov. 10-Dec. 31. 2 Wild turkey Dec. 1-Dec. 31. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinules, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs : Sept. 16 Dec. 31. 1 Mississippi: Local regulations of boards of supervisors may also be in force, but those relating to migratory birds must not be inconsistent, with Federal regulations. 2 Missouri: Upon petition of 100 householders to the county court, at any regular or special term thereof, more than 30 days before a general election to be held in such county, the question of a close season on quail for the next two years in such county may be submitted to the qualified voters therein at the election. GAME LAWS FOB 1919. 25 Open seasons Continued. Dates inclusive. Woodcock : Nov. 10-Nov. 30. Rail, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 15-Nov. 30. No open season: Does, fawns under 1 year of age, ruffed grouse (pheasant), prairie chicken (pinnated grouse), imported pheasants, other introduced game birds, dove. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident or alien, $10; fish only, $3. Issued by commis- sioner. Resident, State, $2.50 ; county, $1, good in county of residence or adjoining county; fish only (State), $1. Issued by county clerk or license collector. Fishing license not required in county of residence nor of women and minors who are citizens. Owners and tenants of agricultural lands and members of family under 21 may hunt without license during open season on own or leased land. Hunting on land of an- other prohibited without his consent. Bag limits and possession: One deer, 4 turkeys a season; 1 turkey, 10 quail, 15 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 15 Wilson snipe a day ; 15 rails, 15 coots, 15 gallinules, but not more than 25 in all a day or in possession ; or 2 tur- keys, 15 quail, 25 of any other species of birds in possession. Possession of migratory birds, except doves, permitted during first 10 days of close season ; other game during first 5 days thereof. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except game may be exported under resident or nonresident license if carried openly as baggage or express or in owner's possession and accompanied by him, but more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall not be exported in any one calendar week. Export (except of quail) for scien- tific or propagating purposes allowed under permit. MONTANA. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer (see exception) . Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Exception: Deer in Custer, Dawson, Richland, Rosebud, and Yellowstone Counties (1922) ; in Roosevelt, Sheridan, and Valley Counties (1921). Elk in Carbon, Madison, Park, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, and parts of Beaverhead and Gallatin Counties Oct. 15-Dec. 24. In Fergus, Mineral, Wheatland, Ravalli, and parts of Granite, Lewis and Clark, and Powell Counties Oct. 15-Oct. 24. In Flathead, Lincoln, Teton, and parts of Granite and Mis- soula Counties Oct. 15-Nov. 30. Pheasant, partridge, prairie chicken, sage hen, fool hen, grouse (see exception) Sept. 15-Sept. 30, Exception: In Roosevelt, Sheridan, and Valley Counties iOct. 1, 1921. Duck, goose, brant Sept. 16-Nov. 30. Black-bellied and golden plovers, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, yellow- legs, coot, gallinules Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Rail other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Sheep, goat (1922) ; elk (except as above), moose, caribou, antelope, bison or buffalo, quail, introduced pheasant, dove. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: General, $50; birds and fish, $15; fish, $3. Alien: General, $50; fish, $5. Resident : General, $1.50. Guide (resident), $10. Shipping (export), 50 cents. Issued by warden or deputy. Elk (special), $25 (2 elk in Park and Gallatin Counties.) Issued by warden. No license required of female under 18 or of male under 14. Alien not holding a hunting license required to obtain from \\arden $25 license to possess firearms. Bag limits and possession: One deer, 1 elk a season except in Gallatin and Park counties where 2 elk may be taken under special $25 license ; 5 in all of grouse, partridges, prairie chickens, fool hens, pheasants, and sage hens a day or in possession ; 20 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 50 sora, 25 in all of other rails, coot, and gallinules a day. Possession of migratory birds except waterfowl permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited, provided merchant or hotel or restaurant keeper may sell game, except migratory birds, killed outside the State. Under permit mounted specimens or hides or heads of game animals or birds lawfully taken may be sold. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited; provided game lawfully killed may be exported in open season under hunting license, and shipping permit (fee, 50 cents) from State warden ; total shipments under one license shall not exceed season's bag limit, and not more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week ; packages to be labeled to show contents. 132860 19 4 26 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. NEBRASKA. Open seasons: Dates inclusire. Squirrel (gray, red, fox, timber) Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Prairie chicken, sage chicken, grouse Sept. 15-Nov. 15. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, yellowlegs, coot, gallinules Sept. IG-Dec. 31. Rails, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer, elk, antelope, quail, partridge, pheasant, ptarmigan, introduced game birds, dove, wild turkey, plovers, woodcock. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident : General, $10 ; fish, $2. Resident, $1. Issued by commissioner or county clerk. Owner or lessee may hunt and fish without license during open season on lands on which he resides. No license required by male under 18 if accompanied by parent or guardian; male under 18 and female may fish without license. Hunting on land of another without permission or from highways prohibited. Bag limits and possession: Ten squirrels, 10 prairie chickens or grouse, 25 ducks a day ; 8 geese, 8 brant a day, 10 in all in possession ; 25 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora, and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules a day ; 20 squirrels, 10 prairie chickens or grouse, 10 wild geese or brant, or 50 in all of other game birds in possession. Possession permitted during first 5 days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except nonresident may ship 50 birds out of State in a season under hunting license, but must give common carrier invoice of number and kinds of birds, must have details of shipment marked on license, and must accompany the shipment, but more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall not be exported in any one calendar week ; package to be labeled to show contents and name and address of owner or consignor. NEVADA. Open seasons i 1 Dates inclusive. Deer Oct. 15-Nov. 15. Prairie chicken Oct. 1-Jan. 15. Sage hen July 15-Sept. 1. Dove Sept. 1-Dec. 15. x Duck, goose, brant, coot, gallinules, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Rails, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Elk, antelope, sheep, goat (1930) ; pheasants (1920) ; mountain quail, grouse (1922). Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Game, $5; fish, $5. Alien: Fish, $15. Resi- dent citizen : Game, $1, fish, $1. Issued by county clerks and wardens. Aliens pro- hibited from hunting. No license required of boys or girls under 14. Landowners may hunt and fish on own land without license during open season. Bag limits and possession: One deer a season; 10 sage hens, 15 ducks, 5 geese, 5 brant, 15 snipe a day or in possession ; 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules, and 25 doves a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Open seasons: " Dates inclusive. Deer in Coos County Oct. 15-Dec. 15. In Carroll (except town of Moultonborough) and Grafton Counties Nov. N l Dec. 15. In rest of State Nov. 15-D<>c. 15. Hare, rabbit Oct. 1-Feb. 29. Quail, partridge, ruffed grouse, woodcock Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, gallinules Sept. 16-Dec. 31. r.Jack-bclliod and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16-Nov. 30. Rails, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Elk, moose, caribou, dove, pheasant, European partridge; gray squirrel (1924). 1 yn-afla: County commissioners may shorten open seasons on game and with approval of State warden may fix seasons on valley quail and may shorten season on doves. - \eir Hampshire: Governor and council may suspend open season iu time of excessive drought. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 27 iting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Game and fish, $15; fish, $1. Resident, Game and fish, $1. Resident soldiers and sailors over 70 years of age may hunt and fish without a license. Fishing licenses not required of children under 16 years of age, nor of women or blind people. Issued by commissioner or his agent in each town, who with few exceptions is the town clerk. Licenses not granted to children under 13 years of age, and only with written consent of parent or guardian to minors under 16 years. Child under 13 may hunt without license when accompanied by licensed parent or guardian. Resident owner of farm lands and minor children may hunt during open season on own land without license. Guide : Nonresident, $20 ; resident, $1. Issued by commissioner. Bag limits and possession : Two deer a season ; 5 hares, 5 quail a day ; 5 ruffed grouse a day, 25 a season ; 5 woodcock a day, 25 a season ; 20 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 25 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora, and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules a day. Deer may be possessed for a reasonable time after close of open season. Sale: Sale of all migratory birds prohibited. Sale for food purposes prohibited of the dead bodies of birds belonging to a family any species or subspecies of which is native to and protected by the State ; provided, deer, hares, and rabbits may be sold during the open season. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited; provided game (except ruffed grouse) imported from without the United States or raised in private preserves, when tagged and marked to show kind and number, name and address of consignor and consignee, and initial point of billing and destination, may be exported unaccompanied by the owner, but not more than two days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. Game for propagation, the head, hide, feet, or fur of game quadrupeds, and the plumage or skin of game birds (except migratory birds) legally taken and pos- sessed may be transported without being marked. 1 Nonresident may take with him out of the State, under his hunting license and permit, one day's limit of game birds when properly marked and tagged and two deer under license tags. NEW JERSEY. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer 2 (male, with horns visible above the hair) Dec. 16-Dec. 20. Rabbit, squirrel, quail, ruffed grouse (partridge, prairie chicken, Hungarian partridge, English or ringneck pheasant cocks, Aviltl turkeys Nov. 10-Dec. 15. Dur-k, goose, brant, coot, gallinules Oct. 16-Jan. 31. lilack-belliecl and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16-Nov. 30. Wilson snipe or jacksnipe Oct. 16-Dec. 31. Woodcock Oct. 10-Nov. 30. Rails (marsh hens) other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. Reedbird ,Sept. 1-Oct. 30. 3 No open season: Does and fawns, English, or ringneck pheasant hens (1924) ; dove. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Game and fish, $10.15; fish, $2.15. Resident male citizen above age of 14 : Game and fish, $1.15. When applied for by parent or legal guardian, in discretion of commission, license may be granted to citizen between ages 10 and 14 to hunt when accompanied by adult holder of a general license ; fee, $1 ; issued only by commission. All other licenses issued by county, city, or town clerk, salaried warden, or registrar of licenses. Alien prohibited from hunting or owning shotgun or rifle unless he is the owner of real property in New Jersey to the value of $2,000 above all incumbrances, in which case he may secure nonresident license. Bag limits and possession: One deer a season, 10 rabbits, 10 quail, 3 ruffed grouse, 3 English or ringneck pheasant cocks, 3 Hungarian partridges, 6 woodcock, 20 ducks, 8 each of geese and brant, a day ; 25 snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails (marsh hens), coot, and gallinules a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during the first 10 days of close season. Sale: The sale of (leer, squirrel, reedbirds, and all game birds is prohibited; rabbits may be sold during open season and 15 days thereafter ; certain imported game, also mal- lard, wood, and black ducks (when raised in captivity under Federal permits), deer, and pheasants coming from another State may be sold if legally tagged by State authorities. *Neic: Hampshire: See sec. 243, Lacey Act, p. 63. 2 New Jersey: Wild deer may be taken only with shotgun not smaller than 12 gauge, which may not be loaded with a bullet or other missile larger than buckshot. Killing of a deer must be reported to commissioners or county warden within 48 hours. 3 See order of the Secretary of Agriculture, p. 77. 28 FARMERS* BULLETIN 1077. Export: Export of hare, rabbit, squirrel, woodcock, waterfowl, and all protected upland game birds is prohibited, except nonresident licensee may carry openly from the State 10 rabbits, 50 rail, 50 reedbirds, and 15 in all of other game birds a day, but not more than two days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. Resident may remove from State reedbirds (no limit), 30 in all of plovers and yel- lowlegs, 50 Wilson snipe, and 100 sora and 50 other rails or marsh hens, coot, and gallinules a week. Miscellaneous: Unlawful to use shotgun or rifle holding mors than 2 cartridges or that may be fired more than twice without reloading. NEW MEXICO. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer (with horns at least 6 inches in length), squirrel (tassel- eared gray), wild turkey Oct. 20 Nov. 5. Quail (except bob-white) Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Turtle dove and white-winged dove Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, gallinules- Oct. 16-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Eails other than coot and gallinules Sept, 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Does, Sonoran deer, elk, sheep, goat, antelope, buffalo, bob- white quail, pheasant, ptarmigan, prairie chicken, sage hen, grouse. Banting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Big game, bird, and fish, $35.25; big game and bird, $30.25 ; big game, $25.25 ; bird, $10.25 ; fish, $5. Resident : Big game, bird and fish, $2.50 ; big game and bird, $2.25 ; big game, $1.50 ; bird, $1.25 ; fish, $1 ; guide, $5.25 ; duplicate, $1. Issued by county clerks and deputies designated by State warden. Bag limits and possession: One deer a season, 3 wild turkeys, 20 quail, 25 doves a day or in possession, 25 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 25 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules. Possession per- mitted during open season and first 5 days of close season. Under permit, game, except migratory birds, may be held in storage for first 90 days of close season ; migratory birds may be so held for a period of 10 days. Sale: Sale of all protected game taken in. the State prohibited; provided, game (except migratory birds) imported into State by hotel, restaurant, cafe 1 , boarding-house keeper, or dealer may be sold under a permit good for not more than 30 days. Export: Export of all game taken in the State prohibited, except under permit, fee $1.25 (1 deer and 3 turkeys) ; and $1.25 for bag limit of other birds^ and fish; holder of hunting license, under permit from warden, may export game or birds for scientific or propagating purposes. NEW YORK. Open seasons: 1 Dates inclusive. Deer (except fawns) in Adirondack region 2 Oct. 1-Nov. 15. Deer (with horns not less than 3 inches long), in Ulster County and towns of Neversink, Cochec- ton, Tusten, Highland, Lumberland, Forestburg, Bethel, and all of towns of Mamakating and Thomp-son south of Newburgh and Cochecton turnpike in Sullivan County, and Deer Park, in Orange County Nov. 1-Nov. 15. On own land in Columbia, Dutchess, and Rens- selaer Counties with shotguns only Oct. 1-Nov. 15. Varying hare, rabbit 3 Oct 1-Jan. 31. Squirrel, black, gray, or fox (no open season in corporate limits of city or village) Oct. 1-Nov. 15. 1 New York: When date of open or close season falls on Sunday, season opens, except on migratory birds, or closes on the preceding Saturday. 2 The Adirondack region comprises the counties of Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Oneida, Oswego, Saratoga, St. Lawrence, Warren, and Washington. 3 Commission may shorten open seasons on game. Open season on upland game fixed or closed by order of commission as follows : Cottontail rabbit in Richmond County, Oct. 1-Nov. 14 and Jan. 1-31. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 29 Open seasons Continued. Dates inclusive. Grouse, partridge 1 Oct. 1-Oct. 31. Pheasant, male only 1 (four days only) (NOV Waterfowl, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, gallimilc Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16-Nov. 30. Woodcock -Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rails, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. o open season: Elk, moose, caribou, antelope, fawns, Hungarian or European gray- legged partridge, dove, and quail (1920). Hunting licenses: 2 Nonresident or alien, $10.50; resident, $1.10. Issued by county, city, and town clerks. Owner, members of immediate family, and tenants actually occupy- ing cultivated farm land may hunt thereon without license during open season. Li- censee required to wear button. Bag limits: One deer, 24 woodcock, 20 grouse, 3 male introduced pheasants a season; 6 varying hares or rabbits, 5 squirrels, 6 woodcock, 4 grouse, 25 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 25 in all of rails, coots, mud hens and gallinules, 15 in all of plovers and yellow- legs, 25 Wilson snipe or jacksnipe a day. Possession: Deer, grouse, and pheasant during open season and 5 days thereafter; migra- tory game birds during open season and 10 days thereafter. Deer properly tagged may be possessed under $1 permit to February 1. Eale: Sale of all game birds prohibited; provided, varying hares and rabbits legally taken in State during open season (from without State at any time), and unplucked car- casses of pheasants, Scotch grouse, European gray-legged partridge, European black game, red-legged partridge, and Egyptian quail, and carcasses of European red deer, fallow deer, roebuck, and reindeer imported from without the United States may be sold under license at any time when duly tagged. Licensed breeders in States having laws similar to the game-breeding law of New York may import for sale, under $5 license and cost of inspection, domesticated Ameri- can elk, white-tailed deer, European red deer, fallow deer, roebuck, pheasants, and mallard and blacK ducks, when duly tagged. Head, hide, and feet of quadrupeds legally taken and possessed may be sold at any time. Export: Export of game and birds prohibited, except any person may export 1 deer and one day's bag limit of other gftme in one day during open season by means other than common carrier or parcel post. The taker may export in one day by common carrier, except parcel post, one day's limit when accompanied by permit which shall show con- tents of package. Head, hide, and feet of animals and plumage or skin of game birds legally taken may be exported at any time. Miscellaneous: Hunting prohibited on lands supplying any municipality with water or on public highways, except public highways within forest preserve counties. NEW YORK Long Island. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Varying hare, rabbit, squirrel (black, gray, fox), quail, pheasants (males only) Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Ruffed grouse Nov. 1-Nov. 30. Waterfowl, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, mudhen, gallinules Oct. IG-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16-Nov. 30. Woodcock .Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rails, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer and dove. Bag limits and possession: Forty quail, 15 ruffed grouse, 30 male pheasants a season; 6 quail, 2 ruffed grouse, 4 male pheasants a day. For other bag limits see New York. Hunting licenses, sale, export, miscellaneous : (See New York.) 1 Noir York: Commission may shorten open seasons on game. Open season on upland game fixed or closed by order of commission as follows : Cottontail rabbit in Richmond County, Oct. 1-Nov. 14 and Tan. 1-31. 2 Nonresident fishing license fee, $2.50. Issued hy county, city, and town clerks. Not required of person under 16 years of age or in international boundary waters if resi- dents require no license in that part of those waters not within jurisdiction of State. 30 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. NORTH CAROLINA. 1 Open seasons: * Dates inclusive. Dove : Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jackknipe, coot, gallinules Nov. 1 Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Woodcock Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Kails other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. Reedbird (ricebird) Aug. 16-Nov. 15. 2 Hunting licenses. 1 Bag limits and possession: Twenty-five doves, 25 ducks, 8 geose, 8 brant. 6 woodcock, 25 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of reedbirds (rieebirds) and all migratory birds prohibited. Export: The export is prohibited of quail, partridge, pheasant, grouse, wild turkey, snipf. shore or beach birds, woodcock, taken in State. Exceptions: Nonresident may take out of State under his hunting license 50 quail (partridges), 12 grouse, 2 turkeys, and 50 in all of Wilson snipe, plovers, and yellow- legs in a season, but not more than two days' limit of migratory birds shall lie exported in any one calendar week. Export permitted under permit of Audubon Society of ruffed grouse, wild turkey, woodcock, snipe, and other shorebirds for propagation. NORTH DAKOTA. Open seasons: Dates inclusir". Prairie chicken (pinnated grouse), sharp-tailed (white-breasted) grouse, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, Wilson snipe Sept. 16-Oet. 16. Ruffed grouse in Bottineau, Cavalier, Pembina, and Roulette Coun- ties only Oct. 1-Oct.lO. Duck, goose, brant Sept. 16-Dec. 1. Coot, gallinules Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Woodcock Oct. 1-Oct. 16. Rails other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer (1920) ; elk, rnoose, antelope, quail, ruffed grouse (except as above), English and Chinese ringneck pheasants, Hungarian partridge, dove, woodcock. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $25; resident, $1. Issued by commissioners, deputy, or county auditor. Aliens not permitted to hunt. Perfon or member of family perma- nently residing with him may hunt without license during open season on own lands or lands cultivated by him. Resident license may be issued to settler. No person per- mitted to enter cultivated or posted lands without consent of owner. Bag limits and possession: Five prairie chickens, sharp-tailed grouse, plovers, each or nil combined a day, 10 each or all in possession at one time, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, but not more than 5 plovers a day ; 5 ruffed grouse a day, 15 in possession ; 15 snipe, woodcock, rails, ducks, geese, each or all combined a day, but not more than 8 geese, 8 brant, or 6 woodcock ; 30 in possession ; 25 in all of rails, coots, and galli- nules a day. Resident licensee under permit may retain not to exceed 20 pinnated or sharp-tailed grouse, 30 waterfowl, but not more than 50 birds in all during first 5 days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited, except hides, heads, and trophies of big game lawfully taken may be sold at any time. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except nonresident licensee may carry with him from State under license tag prairie chickens and sharp-tailed grouse not exceeding 20 in all, and ducks, geese, and brant not exceeding 30 in all, or a total of 50 of all birds combined, if open to view and labeled with his name and address an-i number of his license. Not more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall be ex- ported in any one calendar week. Board may grant permits for the export of live game. 1 North Carolina: Only the Federal seasons and other restrictions on migratory birds are given. County seasons and provisions relating to licenses, bag limits, sale, and export are too numerous to be included. Full information regarding county laws may be had on application to the secretary, Audubon Society, Raleigh, N. C. The county laws should be consulted, as in some instances they prohibit the hunting of migratory game birds during part of the periods mentioned in the table. Wood duck, swans, robins, larks, aud certain other migratory birds must not be killed at any time. (See Migratory Bird Regulations, pp. 71-77.) * See order of the Secretary of Agriculture, p. 77. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 31 OHIO. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Hare, rabbit Nov. 15-Jan. I. 1 Squirrel Aug. 20-Sept. 20. Ruffed grouse, cock pheasant (introduced), Hungarian partridge Nov. 15-Nov. 25. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, coot, gallinules Sept. 16-Dcc. 31. Woodcock Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rails, other than coot and gallinules Nov. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer, quail, dove. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident citizen: General, $15.25; fish, $2. Resident citi- zen, $1.25. Issued by county and township clerks. Person under 16 when hunting must be accompanied by adult. Owners, tenants, or their children may hunt without license during open season on own or leased lands. Written permission required on land of another. Bag limits and possession: Five squirrels and 10' rabbits a day or in possession; 3 ruffed grouse, 3 cock pheasants, and 6 Hungarian partridge, 15 in all of plovers and yellow- legs, 15 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 8 geese, 25 ducks ; 35 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules a day. Sale: Sale prohibited of all protected game (except hare or rabbit during open season). Export: Export prohibited of all protected game (except rabbit) taken in State, provided, a nonresident may take with him from State under his hunting license 25 pieces of game, but not more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported by one person in any one calendar week. Packages containing game or fur-bearing animals or parts thereof must be marked to show contents, initial point of billing, and names and addresses of consignor and consignee. OKLAHOMA. Open seasons: - Dates inclusive. Quail Dec. 1-Dec. 31. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, gallinules Oct. 16-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, dove Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Woodcock Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Rails other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer (1922), antelope, prairie chicken, imported pheasant, wild turkey. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $15; alien, $25; resident citizen, $1.25. Issued by warden, deputy, or county clerk. A person may hunt without license during open season on own or leased premises actually occupied by him. Application of person under 14 must be approved in writing by parent or guardian. Unlawful to shoot on or across highway or railroad right of way. Unlawful to hunt on lands of another without owner's permission. Bag limits: Fifteen quail, plover, snipe, or ducka a day, 100 a season; 15 yellowicgs, but not more than 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs a day ; 8 geese, 8 brant a day, but not more than 10 in all a day ; 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules and 6 woodcock a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale prohibited of all protected game, except the heads, hides, and horns of big game lawfully killed may be sold. Export: Export prohibited of all protected game, except nonresident licensee may carry to his home two days' bag limit of game birds if license permit is attached. OREGON. 3 Open seasons: District Xo. 1,* icest of Cascades: Dates inclusive. Deer (male, with horns) Sept. 1-Oct. 31. Silver-gray squirrel, dove Sept. 1-Oct. 31. Quail in Coos, Curry, Jackson, and Josephine Counties only Oct. 1-Oct. 31. 1 Ohio: Landowners, tenants, and employees may take hares or rabbits, when doing substantial damage to crops, trees, or shrubbery, at any time except on Sunday. 2 OJila1wma: Bear in Blaine, Caddo, Comanche, Kiowa, and Major Counties, no opea season ; in rest of State, unprotected. 8 Oregon: Governor may suspend open season in time of drought. * District No. 1, west of Cascades, includes Benton, Clackamas, Clatsop, Columbia, Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, Josephine, Lane, Lincoln, Linn, Marion, Multriomah, Polk, Tillamook, Washington, and Yamhill Counties. District No. 2 east of Cascades, includes all other counties in the State. 32 FARMERS' BULLETIN 10T7. Open seasons Continued. Dates inclusive. Grouse, male Chinese pheasant (see exceptions) Oct. 1-Oct. 31. Exceptions: Grouse and mule Chinese pheasant in Jackson County Oct. 1-Oct. 10. Chinese pheasants in Coos, Curry, and Josephine Counties No open season. Sooty or blue grouse in Douglas County Sept. 1-Sept. 30. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe, coot, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs (see exception) Oct. 16-Jan. 15. Exception: In Clatsop, Columbia, Multnonuali, and Tillamook Counties Oct. 1-Dec. 31. Rails, other than coot (see exception) Oct. 16-Nov. 30. Exception: In Clatsop, Columbia, Multnoruah, and Tillamook Counties Sept. 16-Nov. 30. District No. 2, 1 cast of Cascades: Deer (male, with horns) (see exception) Sept. 1-Oct. 31. Exception: In Union and Wallowa Counties Sept. 10 Nov. 10. Quail in Klamath County only .Oct. 1-Oct. 10. Ruffed grouse, native pheasant, blue or sooty grouse (see exception)- Aug. 15-Oct. 31. Exception: In Union and Wallowa Counties Aug. 1-Nov. 10. Prairie chicken in Sherman and Wasco Counties only Oct. 1-Oct. 15. Sage hen July 15-Aug. 31. Chinese pheasants in Baker, Grant, Malheur, Umatilla, and Union Counties Oct. 5-Oct. 12. In Hood River find Wasco Counties Oct. 27-Nov. 3. In remainder of district . No open season. Dove '. Sept. 1-Oct. 31. Duck, goose, 2 Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, coot, gallinules Oct. 1-Dec. 31. Rails, other than coot Oct. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Doe and spotted fawn, moose, elk, antelope, sheep, goat, Hungarian partridge, bob-white, prairie chicken, Franklin grouse, foolhen, wild turkey, silver-gray squirrel, quail, and introduced pheasants (except as above). Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Game, $10; alien t gun license, $25 (in addition to hunting and angling license) ; issued by commissioners. Resident, game and fish, $3 ; game, $1.50. Angling, resident or nonresident, 3 $1.50 (not required of female) ; issued by county clerks and duly appointed agents throughout the State. Licenses not issued to persons under 14 years of age, who may hunt with gun on own premises or those of parent, relatives, or guardian only. Unlawful to hunt on inclosed or occupied land of another without permission of owner. Unlawful to shoot from highways or railroad rights of way. Licenses, good for life, issued free of charge by county clerks to pioneers of State who arrived prior to 1860, and veterans of Indian and Civil Wars upon proof of service. Bag limits and possession: Two deer a season ; 5 silver-gray squirrels and 10 quail in 7 consecutive days ; 5 in all of sage hens and prairie chickens a day, 10 in 7 consecutive days ; 5 in all of ruffed grouse, pheasants, and sooty or blue grouse a day, 10 in 7 consecutive days ; 5 Chinese pheasants a day, 10 in 7 consecutive days, but in district 1 a bag of 10 shall not include more than 3 hens and in district 2 more than 2 hens ; 10 doves a day, 20 in 7 consecutive days ; 25 ducks, 25 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 25 in all of rails, coots, and gallinules a day but not more than 25 in all in one day nor more than 30 in all in 7 consecutive days ; 8 geese a day, 30 in 7 consecutive days. Migratory game birds properly tagged may be possessed during first 10 days of close season ; other game, when properly tagged, during close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Game birds (except migratory birds) and animals imported from without the United States, when duly tagged, may be sold. Tag fee, 5 cents each. Commissioners may make regulations permitting the sale of game, except migratory birds. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited. 1 Oregon: District No. 1, west of Cascades, includes Benton, Clackamas, Clatsop, Colum- bia, Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, Josephine, Lane, Lincoln, Linn, Marion, Multnomah, Tolk, Tillamook, Washington, and Yamhill Counties. District No. 2 east of Cascades, in- cludes all other counties in the State. 2 Unlawful to kill geese at any time on islands or sand bars in the Columbia east of the Cascades or on Deschutes and John Day Rivers south to junction with White River and Thirtymile Creek, respectively. GAME LAWS FOE 1919. 33 PENNSYLVANIA. Open seasons: x Dates inclusive. Doer male -with horns 2 inches above the hair Dec. 1-Dec. 15. Bear Oct. 15~Dec. 15. Hare, rabbit .Nov. 1-Dec. 15. Squirrels, quail, ruffed grouse, ringneck pheasant, Hungarian par- tridge s. Oct. 20-Nov. 30. Wild turkey 1 Nov. 15-Nov. 30. Duck, goose, brant Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, coot (mudhen), galli- nules, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe Sept. 16 Nov. 30. Woodcock Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rail Sept. 1-Nov. 30. Reedbird : ^Sopt. 1-Oct. 30. a Blackbird __. . Aug. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Elk (1921), doe, fawn, dove, loon, grebe. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $10. Issued by commission or county treasurer. Resi- dent, $1 from county treasurer, $1.15 from justice of the peace. Licenses not issued to minor under 14 years of age, and minor between 14 and 16 must furnish written consent of parent or guardian. Licensee required to wear tag. Resident citizen and members of family residing upon and cultivating land in State as either owner or lessee may hunt on such land and, with consent of owner, on ad- joining land without a. r licenso. Aliens not permitted to hunt. Bag limits and possession: One deer (6 to party camping or hunting together), 1 bear (3 to party camping or hunting together), 40 rabbits, 15 hares, 20 squirrels, 1 turkey, 25 quail (Virginia partridge), 24 ruffed grouse, 10 ringneck pheasants, 10 Hungarian quail, 20 woodcock a season. Ton rabbits, 3 hares, 6 squirrels, 8 quail (Virginia par- tridge), 4 ruffed grouse, 4 ringneck pheasants, 4 Hungarian quail, 6 woodcock, 25 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 25 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora, 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season ; other game during first 30 days thereof. Sale: Sale prohibited of wild deer, elk, squirrel, rabbit or hare, wild ringneck pheasant, and Hungarian partridge taken in the State; and of quail, ruffed grouse (pheasant), wild turkey, reedbirds, and all other migratory birds (wherever taken) ; provided, bear, blackbirds, Belgian and German hares may be sold at any time. Export: The export is prohibited of all protected game, provided a nonresident licensee may take out with him on the same conveyance one day's limit of game. Small game to be carried upon the person in hunting coat or game bag, or as hand baggage, with- out cover. Packages containing large game to be plainly marked. Shipment by parcel post prohibited. Miscellaneous: Use of automatic guns prohibited. RHODE ISLAND. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Gray squirrel, hare, rabbit, quail or bobwhite, ruffed grouse or par- tridge, pheasant Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Duck, goose, brant, coot, gallinules Oct. 1-Jan. 15. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16-Nov. 30. Wilson snipe Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Woodcock Nov. 1-Nov. 30. Rails (other than coot and gallinules) Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer, 3 dove, Hungarian partridge (1020). Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $10.15; alien, $15.15; resident, $1.15. Issued by city and town clerks. Not required of resident or his immediate family to hunt on own or leased agricul- tural lands on which actually domiciled ; nonresident owning real estate valued at not less than $500, and nonresident member of club incorporated for hunting or fishing "* Pennsylvania: Seasons may be closed on petition to commission. 2 See order of the Secretary of Agriculture, p. 77. 8 Rhode Island: Deer injuring crops may be killed at any time by the owner or occu- pant of the premises under written permit from secretary of State. 1328G0 19 5 34 FARMERS* BULLETIN 1077. purposes prior to Jan. 1, 1000, which owns real estate assessed for taxation at value of not less than ,$1,000, may procure license at a fee of $1.15 ; licenses not issued to minors under 15 years of age. Consent of owner required for hunting on land of an- other from Oct. 15-Dec. 15. Bag limits and possession: Fifteen ducks, 8 geese, g brant, 6 woodcock. 15 in all of plovers and yellowlogs, 15 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of rails, coots, and gallinules a day, but net more than 15 game birds of all kinds in possession at one time. Possession of waterfowl, coots, gallinules, and woodcock permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game birds prohibited. Export: Export prohibited of all game, provided a nonresident licensee may take out under his license 10 wild fowl or birds in one calendar year, if carried open to view. SOUTH CAROLINA. Open seasons: Dates inclttsire. Deer Sept. 1-Dec. :n. Bear, rabbit, squirrel, blackbirds Oct. 1 Mar. 15. Quail (partridge) Nov. 15-Feb. 15. Wild turkey Nov. 15-Apr. 1. Dove Oct. 16-Jan. Si. Duck, goose, brant, coot, gallinules, Wilson snipe Nov. 1-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Rails, other than coot and gallinulos Sept. 1-Nov. 30. Woodcock Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Reedbirds Aug. 16-Nov. 15. l No open season: Ruffed grouse (pheasant) (1921). Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident : Game, $15.25 ; fish, $3.25. Issued by county clerk. Resident: Game, State, $3.10; county of residence, $1.10. Issued by couniy clerk or game warden. No license required of resident owners, tenants, their children, or, under writtm permission, their employees, to hunt during open season on own lands. Unlawful to hunt on land of another without consent of owner. Bag limits: Five deer, 20 wild turkeys a season; 15 squirrels, 15 quail (partridge), 25 doves, 2 turkeys, 25 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 6 woodcock, 25 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora, and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale prohibited of deer, quail (partridge), dove, turkey, reedbird, and all other migratory birds. Export: Export prohibited of all protected game taken in State; provided, a nonresident licensee may export 2 deer, 50 quail, 4 turkeys, 50 in all of plove.r, yellowlegs, and snipe, 50 waterfowl if not for sale and packages are marked to show contents, but not more than two days' limit of migratory birds shall be exported in any one calendar week. SOUTH DAKOTA. Open seasons: Dates i/nclusive. Deer Nov. 1-Nov. 30. Partridge, grouse, prairie chicken, black-lvellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 16-Oct. 15. Duck, goose, brant, coot, gallinules. Wilson snipe Sept. IB-Dec. 31. Woodcock Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rails, other than coot and galliuult'S Sept. 16-Nov. 30. No open season: Elk, antelope, mountain sheep, quail, dove, pheasant, upland plover. Hunting licenses: Nonresident: Big game, $25; small game, $15: issued : >y game warden or county treasurer. Resident : Big game, $5 ; small game, $1 ; issued by county treas- urer. Hunting game birds during open season on own land permitted without licens* 1 . Unlawful to hunt on cultivated land of another without permission of owner. Bag limits and possession: One deer a year ; 25 ducks, geese, brant, coot, gallinules, sora and other rails in the aggregate of all kinds, but not more than 8 geese or 8 brant, and 5 of each other species of game birds a day ; 50 in all of ducks, geese, or brant, or other aquatic fowl and snipe, and 15 in all of prairie chickens, partridge, grouse, and plover in possession. Possession permitted during open season and five days thereafter. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited; provided, skins, heads, and antlers of deer lawfully killed may be sold. - South Carolina : See order of the Secretary of Agriculture, p. 77. GAME LAWS FOR 1019. 35 Export: Export of all protected game prohibited; provided, a nonresident may export 1 deer lawfully killed under permit of State game warden and not more than 10 birds under each of the five coupons attached to his nonresident license ; but not more than 50 ducks, 16 geese, 1G brant, 12 woodcock, 50 snipe, 30 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, and 50 in all of rails, coots, and gallinules shall be exported by one person in any one calendar week, and if exported by common carrier, tags attached to hunting license must be affixed to each shipment. TENNESSEE. Open seasons : Dates inclusive. Deer (see exception) Oct. 15, 1919. Exception: In Bledsoe, Cumberland, Grundy, Marion, Sequatchie, and Van Buren Counties Nov. 1-Dec. 10. Squirrel (see exceptions) June 2-Dec. 31. Exceptions: In Bledsoe, Cannon, Cumberland, Franklin, Grundy, Lincoln, Loudon, Marion, Marshall, Sequatchie, Sumner, and Van Buren Counties unprotected ; in Dickson, June 1 Nov. 1 ; in Dyer, June 1-July 1 and Oct. 1-Jan. 1 ; in Payette, Ruther- ford, June 1-Jan. 1 ; in Giles, Oct. 15-July 1 ; in Smith and Wilson, May 1-Mar. 1 ; in Warren, Nov? 1-Mar. 1. Rabbit .Unprotected. Quail or partridge, wild turkey (additional season for gobblers, Apr. 2-24 (see exceptions) Nov. 16-Dec. 31. Exceptions: Quail, in Bedford and Moore Counties, Dec. 1- Jan. 1 ; in Benton, Dec. 1-Jan. 31 ; in Bledsoe, Cumberland, Grundy, Marion, Sequatchie, and Van Buren, Nov. 1-Jan. 1 ; in Bradley, Campbell, Franklin, Giles, Henry, Hickman, and Knox, Dec. 1-Feb. 1 ; in Carroll, Dec. 1-Jan. 31 ; in Cannon and White, Nov. 15-Feb. 15 ; in Crockett, Rutherford, and Sumner, Nov. 15-Jan. 1 ; in Dickson, Lawrence, and Obion, Nov. 15-Jan. 15; in Dekalb, Hawkins, and Meigs, Nov. 15- Feb. 1 ; in Fayette, Nov. 22-Mar. 5 ; in Hardeman, Dec. 15- Mar. 1 ; in Henderson, McNairy, and Weakley, Dec. 15-Feb. 15 ; in Monroe, Dec. 1-Jan. 15 ; in Lincoln, Dec. 1-Feb. 15 ; in Sullivan, Nov. 20-Feb. 15 ; in Washington, Nov. 20-Jan. 1 ; in Warren, Dec. 1-Mar. 1. Season closed in Grainger until 1921 ; in Union until 1924 ; Claiborne, no open season. Wild turkey, in Bledsoe, Cumberland, Grundy, Marion, Sequatchie, and Van Buren Counties, Nov. 1-Jan. 1, and also on gobblers only, Apr. 1-May 1 ; in Lincoln, Nov. 1-Mar. 1, and also on gobblers only, Apr. 1-Apr. 25 ; in Cannon and Sullivan, unprotected. Dove (see exceptions) Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Exceptions: In Fayette, Sept. 1-Nov. 1 ; in Obion, Sept. 1- Sopt. 15 ; in Sullivan, Nov. 20-Dec. 15 ; in Claiborne, no open season. Duck, goose, brant, coot, mudhen, gallinule, Wilson snipe or jack- snipe Nov. 1-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Rail Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer (1919) ; grouse, ringneck, and Mongolian pheasant, and woodcock. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $10 (may hunt on own land without license). Resident: State, $2; county, $1 (county licensee may obtain State license for $1). Issued by county clerks. County license not required of residents in Cannon, Hardin, Houston, and Jackson Counties or of residents to hunt squirrels in Dyer, Lincoln, Smith, Wayne, and Wilson Counties. Owners and tenants may hunt without license on land on which they reside. Un- lawful to hunt on tillable or inclosed lands of another without written permission. Reelfoot Lake: Special license, fee $2, in addition to State license, required of resi- dents to hunt thereon. Resident, fish, $1. Nonresident, fish, $2. Guide or pusher, $1. Bag limits and possession: Twenty game birds and animals a day but not more than 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs a day ; in Lauderdale County, 6 squirrels, 12 quail, and 2 turkeys a day or in possession. Sale: Sale prohibited of migratory birds; and of all other protected birds killed in State. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, provided nonresident licensee may take out of State, if carried openly, game birds legally killed by him (except 25 36 FARMEKS' BULLETIN 1077. birds only may be exported from Reelfoot Lake), but not more than 50 ducks, 16 geese, 16 brant, 10 Wilson snipe, 30 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 in all of rails, coots, and gallinules, and 50 doves shall be exported by one person in any one calendar week. TEXAS. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Quail or partridge, chacalaca or Mexican pheasant Dec. 1-Jan. 31. Wild-turkey gobblers Mar. 1-Apr. 30. Doves Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Duck, goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, gallinules Oct. 16-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Oct. 16-Dec. 15. Rails, other than coot and gallinules Oct. 16 Nov. 30. No open season: Antelope, sheep (1924) ; turkey hens, robins; prairie chicken, pinnated grouse, pheasant (except chacalaca), woodcock (1924). Hunting licenses: Nonresident or alien, $15 ; issued by game, fish, and oyster commis- sioner, deputies, and county clerks. Resident, $2, not required in county of residence; issued by commissioner, deputies, and county clerks. Bag limits and possession: Three deer, 3 turkey gobblers a season; 15 in all of quail and chacalaca; 15 doves; 25 in all of .waterfowl and shorebirds, but not more than 8 geese, 8 brant, or 15 plovers and yellowlogs a day ; 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules. Possession of all game permitted during open season and 10 days thereafter. Sale: Sale prohibited of all protected game. Export: Export prohibited of all game, except nonresident .licensee may ship game to bis home for own use under affidavit that it was lawfully killed and will not be bar- tered or sold ; provided, that not more than two days' limit of migratory birds may be exported in any one calendar week. Game may be shipped to taxidermist for mount- ing under affidavit that shipper killed the specimen and that it is not being preserved for sale. UTAH. Open seasons: 1 Dates inclusive. Deer (buck, with horns) 2 Nov. 1-Nov. 10. Dove Sept. 1-Sept. 30. Duck, goose, coot, gallinule (see exceptions) Oct. 1-Dec. 31. Exceptions: Waterfowl, in Kane, San Juan, and Washington Counties Oct. 1-Jan. 15. Duck in Fish Lake Game Preserve Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rail other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Does, fawns, elk, antelope, sheep, quail, partridge, prairie chicken, blue grouse, sage hens, pheasants, shorebirds, Wilson snipe. Hunting and fishing licenses: Any male citizen, for game and fish, 12 to 16 years, $1 ; 16 and over, $2. Females over 18, $1. Aliens prohibited from hunting or fishing in State. Residents under 12 not required to secure license. Issued by State fish and game commissioner or deputy, country clerk, or deputy or authorized agent. Bag limits: One deer a season (resident citizen only) ; 25 doves, 25 in all of ducks and geese, but not more than 8 geese a day ; 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coot, and gallinules a day. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all game prohibited ; provided, nonresident licensee may ship out 25 ducks in any one calendar week after they have been examined by the commissioner or one of his deputies and a permit issued therefor. VERMONT. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer (other than spotted fawn) 3 Dec. 1-Dec. 6. Hare, rabbit Sept. 15^Feb. 29. 1 Utah: Commissioner may open and fix seasons and bag limits on quail, pheasants, grouse, sage hens, arid doves. a Nonresident not permitted to kill deer. 3 Vermont: Landowner, member of his family, or authorized employee may kill deer doing damage to his fruit trees or crops ; but the person under whose direction a deer is so killed must, within 12 hours, report the matter in a signed statement to the nearest fish and game warden. Deer may also be killed at any time in orchard zones estab- lished by the commissioner, but such killing must forthwith be reported to the owner of the orchard and the county warden. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 37 Open seasons Continued. Dates inclusirc. , Gray squirrel, quail Sept. 15 Nov. 30. Duck, gooso, brant, coot, gallinules Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs, English or Wilson snipe (jacksnipe) Sent. 16-Nov. 30. Woodcock Oct. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Elk (1923), moose, caribou, fawns, dove, rail; pheasants, European par- tridge (1932) ; ruffed grouse and partridge (1921). Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Game and fish, $10.50; owner of real estate in State to value of $1,000, $1 ; fish, $2. Resident : Game and fish, $1 ; game, 60 cents ; fish, 60 cents. Issued by town clerks. Hunting licenses not issued to persons under 16 without written consent of parent or guardian. Owners of farm lands and their resident minor children or tenants may hunt without a license during open season on own lands. Fishing licenses not re- quired of persons under 16 or of women. Bag limits and possession: One deer, 25 woodcock a season; 5 hares or rabbits, 5 squirrels, 4 quail, 20 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, 10 plover, and 10 yellowJegs, but not more than 15 in all, 4 woodcock, 10 Wilson snipe, 25 in all of coots and gallinules a day. Possession of waterfowl, coots, and gallinules permitted during first 10 days of close season. Sale: Sale of all protected game birds prohibited; deer may be sold during open season and for a " reasonable time thereafter," ?nd hares and rabbits during the open season. Head and hide of deer legally taken may be sold. Export: Export prohibited of all protected game, except hares and rabbits ; provided, a nonresident licensee may export one deer and one day's bag limit of game birds under permit, but must accompany shipment ; resident may export (if not for sale) one day's bag limit of game birds under special permit from commissioner. VIRGINIA. Open seasons: 1 Dates inclusive. JVor (sec exceptions) Sept. 1-Dec. 1. Exceptions: In Chesterfield, Mecklenburg, Prince George, and Surry Counties Oct. 1-Jan. 1. In Brunswick and Greenesville Oct. 1-Feb. 1. In Amelia and Nottoway Nov. 1-Dec. 31. In Bath and Highland (1921) ; deer and elk in Shenan- doah (1920) ; deer (1921) and elk (1923) in Alleghany, Bland, Botetourt, Craig, Franklin, Giles, Montgomery, Patrick, Pnlaski, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Russell, and W T ythe Counties. Rabbit 2 . Nov. 1-Feb. 1. Squirrel 3 iii Amelia, Brunswick, Caroline, Charles City, Groenes- ville, James City, New Kent, Nottoway, Spotsylvania, Stafford, Warwick, and York Counties _Nov. 1-Feb. 1. In Loudoun ; June 1 Oct. 31. In Isle of Wight and Southampton Sept. 1 Jan. 15. In Rappahannock . Nov. 1 Jan. 31. In Shenandoah Aug. 15 Oct. 1. In Warren Nov. 15 Jan. 1. In rest of State Unprotected. Qnail or partridge, pheasant or grouse, wild turkey (see exception) Nov. 1 Feb. 1. Exception: West of the Blue Ridge Nov. 1-Dec. 31. Dove , Sept. 1-Dec. 15. Duck, goose, brant, 4 Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, coot, mudhen, galli- nules , Nov. 1-Jan. 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 16-Nov. 30. 1 Virginia: Boards of supervisors may shorten the open season in their counties and make other restrictions not repugnant to law, " and may include in such protection other game not specifically mentioned in this section." (Code 1904, sec. 2070a, as amended in 1906.) These changes are not included in this table. 2 Residents of the State may kill rabbits and squirrels on their own lands at any time. a Residents of the State may kill squirrels on their own lands at any time. * Wild fowl may not be hunted on Wednesdays, Saturdays, and Sundays on Back Bay, Princess Anne County. 38 FARMERS* BULLETIN 1077. Open seasons Continued. Dates inclusive. Woodcock ..Nov. 1 Dec. 31. Rail, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1 Nov. 30. Reedbird 1 Aug. 16-Nov. 15. No open season: Ringneck pheasant, Shenandoah (1920). By order of commissioner, ap- proved by governor, introduced pheasants protected throughout State until September 1, 1920 ; in Brunswick County, November 1, 1921. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $10; alien, $20 (alien owner of real estate resident for five years, same as resident). Resident: State, $3; county of residence, $1. Issued by clerks of circuit and corporation courts. Nonresident may hunt on own land during open season without a license. Owner, members of family, and tenant of land residing thereon may hunt without license during open season on own or adjoining lands with consent of owner. Bag limits and possession: Twenty-five ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant a day, but not more than 35 in all a day in Back Bay, Princess Anne County ; 15 in all of plover and yellowlegs, 25 Wilson snipe, 6 woodcock, 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coot, and gallinules, 25 doves. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season. Local bag limits are as follows : In Shenandoah County, 15 quail or partridges, 3 pheasants or grouse, and 2 wild turkeys a day. In Brunswick County, 15 quail and 2 turkeys a day. Sale: Sale of quail or partridge, grouse or pheasant, wild turkey, reedbirds, and all other migratory birds prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game (except waterfowl legally killed) is prohibited ; provided that during open season nonresident may, under his hunting license, take with him out of State, or as baggage on same conveyance, 1 deer, 50 quail or partridges, 10 pheasants or grouse, 3 wild turkeys, and 25 of each or 100 in all of plover and snipe, if killed or captured by himself, shipped open to view, and plainly labeled with his name and address, but more than 2 days' limit of migratory birds shall not be exported by one person in any one calendar week from any part of State. Any citizen of State may ship from State, as a gift and not for sale (which fact must be stated on shipping tag), 1 deer, 18 quail or partridges, 6 pheasants, 3 wild turkeys, if open to view and plainly labeled with names and addresses of donor and donee and number of each kind of bird so shipped. Back Bay, Princess Anne County: Nonresident licensee permitted to export as per- sonal baggage 25 ducks, geese, or brant he has lawfully killed, but not for sale or barter, but not more than 16 geese or 16 brant in any one calendar week. Shenandoah County: Licensee may take with him from county as personal baggage, open to view, if plainly labeled, 30 quail or partridges, 6 pheasants or grouse, 2 wild turkeys a season, and any citizen may ship the same quantity of game, as a gift, if not for sale. WASHINGTON. Open seasons: West of Cascades Dates inclusive. Deer (see exceptions), goat Oct. 1 NOT. 1. Exceptions: Deer in Island and San Juan Counties, Jan. 1, 1921 ; does in Skagit, Snohomish, and Whatcom Counties, no open season. Bear Sept. 1-May 1. Quail, ruffed grouse, native pheasant, Chinese pheasant (see excep- tion), blue grouse, ptarmigan Oct. 1-Oct. 15. Exception: Chinese pheasant in Clallam, Kitsap, and Skamania Counties, no open season. Duck, goose, brant, coot Oct. 1-Jan. 15. Black-bellied and golden plovers, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, yellow- legs Oct. 1-Dec. 15. Rail Oct. 1-Nov. 30. East of Cascades D^er (Kittitas County, Oct. 15-Dec. 1) Oct. 1-Nov. 15. Bear Sept. 1-May 1. Goat No open season. Ruffed grouse (native pheasant), blue grouse (see exceptions) Sept. 1-Nov. 15. 1 Virginia: See order of the Secretary of Agriculture, p, 77. GAMP: LAWS FOR 1019, 39 Open seasons Continued. Dates inclusive. Exception*: In Asotin (in precincts of Clarkston, South darks- ton, and West Clarkston, no open season), Garfield, and. Walln Walla. Aug. 15-Oot. 1. Ruffed grouse in Kittitas and Yakiinn Counties, no open season. Blue grouse in Columbia County, no open season ; in Spokane County, Oct.. 1, 1919. Quail in counties of Asotin (in precincts of Clarks- ton, South Clarkston, and West Clarkston, no open season) and Garfield Oct. 1-Oct. 10. Prairie chicken in Stevens County Sept. 15-Oct. 1. Sharp-tailed grouse in Perry and Okanogan Coun- ties Sept. 15-Nov. 1. Sage hen, Hungarian partridge, male Chinese and English pheasants in Kittitas County Oct. 1-Oct. 10. Boh-white quail in Spokane County Oct. 1-Nov. 1. Hungarian partridge in Lincoln, Spokane, and Stevens Counties Oct. 1-Nov. 15. Chinese pheasants in Benton, Stevens, and Yakima Counties Oct. 1-Oct. 15. Duck, goose, brant, coot Sept. 16 Dec. 31.* Black-bellied and golden plovers, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, yellow- legs Oct. 1-Dec. 15. Hail Sept. 16-Nov. 30. No open season: Moose, elk (1925) ; fawns, caribou, mountain sheep, squirrels (gray, bliick, fox), quail, prairie chicken, sage hens, introduced birds (except as above), turkey, and dove. Hunting and fishing licenses : Nonresident : Hunting, $10 ; fishing, county, $2. Resident : State, $5 ; county, $1. Issued by county auditors. No license required of honorably discharged Union soldiers of Civil War to hunt or fish, or of women and persons under 16 to fish, if residents. Bag limits and possession: One deer in counties east of Cascades. Two deer (1 buck in Skagit, Snohomish, and Whatcom), 1 goat in counties west of Cascades. Five in all of partridge, grouse, prairie chickens, Hungarian partridge, Chinese or English pheasant a day or in possession ; 10 quail a day ; 10 upland birds, but in no event to include more than 5 upland birds other than quail, and 25 in all of upland birds a week. In Kittitas County 2 male Chinese or English pheasants in bag of 5 upland birds ; 20 ducks, geese, brant, golden plover, yellowlegs, Wilson snipe a week (week ends at midnight Saturday), but not more than 8 geese, 8 brant, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs a day ; 30 ducks, geese, brant in possession ; 50 sora and 25 in all of other rails, coots, and gallinules. Possession during close season permitted under permit, but migratory birds shall not be possessed longer than first 10 days after dose of opon season. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited. WEST VIRGINIA. Open seasons : Dates inclusive. Rabbit (except on own land at any time) Oct. 1-Dec. 31. Squirrel Sept. 15-Nov. 30. Ruffed grouse (pheasant) Oct. 15-Nov. 30. Quail (Virginia partridge) Nov. 1-Nov. 30. Duck, goose, brant Oct. 1-Dec. 31. Coot, gallinules Sept. 16-Dec. 31. Wilson snipe or jacksnipe Oct. 15 Dec. 14. Black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 16 Dec. 14. Woodcock Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Rail (ortolan) other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Deer (1922) ; elk (1927) ; wild turkey (1921) ; dove, imported pheasants, capercailzie, and other introduced foreign game birds. 1 Washington: No open season on waterfowl on Columbia or Snake Rivers or within one-fourth mile of their shores in counties of Benton, Columbia, Douglas, Franklin, Gar- field. Grant, Kittitas, Klickitat, Walla Walla, Whitman, and Yakima. 40 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. Hunting licenses: 1 Nonresident, $18 ; resident, $1 ; issued by county clerk. Aliens not per- mitted to hunt. License issued to minor under 15 on consent of parent or guardian. Unlawful to hunt on inclosed or improved lands without written permission of owner. Bag limits and possession: Ten squirrels a day, 70 a season ; 12 quail a day, 60 a season; 5 ruffed grouse a day, 20 a season ; 25 ducks, 8 geese, 8 brant, C woodcock, 25 Wilson snipe, 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs, 50 sora, and 25 in all of other rails, coot, and gallinules a day. Possession of migratory birds permitted during first 10 days of close season ; other game during first 20 days thereof. Sale: Sale prohibited of all protected game, except rabbits may be sold during open, season. Export: Export prohibited of deer, venison, squirrel, quail, ruffed grouse (pheasant), wild turkey, woodcock, geese, brant, ducks, plover, snipe. Not more than two days' limit of other migratory birds shall be exported by one person in any one calendar week. Miscellaneous: Unlawful to discharge firearms across any public road, within 400 feet of any schoolhouse, or on the lands of another within 600 feet of an occupied dwelling house. WISCONSIN. Open seasons: Dates inchtfive. Deer in Pierce, Barren, Eau Claire, Clark, Wood, Lincoln, Langlade, Shawano, Oconto, and all counties north thereof (except Mara- thon) Nov. 21-Nov. 30. In Marathon and rest of State No open season. Rabbit (see exception) Oct. 15-Jan. 16. Exception: In Columbia, Crawford, Grant, Richland, and Vernon Counties Unprotected. Squirrels (see exception) Oct. 15-Jan. 1. Exception: In Dodge, Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Washington, and Wau- kesha Counties No open season. Hungarian partridge in Jefferson and Waukesha Counties only Sept, 7-Sept. 11. Duck, coot or mud hen, gallinules Sept. 16-Dec. 10. Goose, brant, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, black-bellied and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 16-Dec. 20. Rails, other than coot and gallinules Sept. 7-Nov. 30. No open season: Elk, moose, quail, pheasants (Chinese, English, Mongolian), Hungarian partridge (except as above), woodcock, dove, swan, ruffed grouse, spruce hen, sharp- tailed grouse, prairie chicken (1921). Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: All game and fish, $50; all game (except deer) and fish, $25 ; fish, $1 (not required in outlying waters or of person under 16) ; settlers, $1 ; guide, $1. Issued by commissioner. Resident : Game, $1 (deer tag, 10 cents additional). Issued by county clerks. Hunting licenses not issued to persons under 15 or to aliens. Hunting prohibited in fields of growing grain or on lands of another without consent of owner. Bag limits and possession: One deer a season ; squirrels, 5 a day ; rabbits, 5 a day. in coun- ties where protected ; other counties no limit ; 2 Hungarian partridge a day ; 8 geese, 8 brant, but not more than 10 in all a day. Duck (including coot or mud hen), plovers, snipe, rail, rice hen, 15 a day ; mixed bag limit of 20 a day is permitted, but must not contain more than 15 of any one variety ; 15 yellowlegs, but. not more than 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs a day. Possession at any time of deer duly tagged permitted for private use by person killing it. Possession at any time prohibited of game by person without bunting license or scientist's certificate. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited (except rabbit). Rabbits may be sold during open season. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except nonresident licensee may trans- port, during last 10 days of November, 1 deer duly tagged if he accompanies shipment and may take in his personal possession, openly, a mixed bag of not more than 20 game birds legally killed, but not more than the bag limit for one day of any one variety. Export permitted of specimens of birds and animals (except deer) taken under permits from State authorities and, if migratory birds are included, from Secretary of Agriculture, for scientific purposes. Park boards allowed to ship, under permit of State conservation commission, live animals and game birds for park purposes. 1 West Virginia. Fishing license : Nonresident, $5, issued by county clerk. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 41 WYOMING. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer (with horns) .Nov. 1-Nov. 30. Elk in Lincoln, Park, and Fremont Counties (except between Roar- ing Fork Creek and Big Sandy River on west slope of Wind River Mountains in Bridger National Forest, and north of Big Wind River and south of Sweetwater River in Fremont County) Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Sheep (mature males) in Lincoln, Park, and Fremont Counties only_Oct. 15-Nov. 15. Sage grouse Aug. 15-Sept. 1. Duck, goose, coot, gallinules, black-bellied and golden plovers, Wilson snipe, yellowlegs Sept. 16-Dec. 16. Rails other than coot and gallinules Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open seasons: Elk (except as above), does and fawns, moose, antelope, quail, Mongo- lian pheasants (1925) ; grouse (other than sage grouse) (1923) ; dove. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: General, $50; nonresident hunting big game must be accompanied by a guide, but not more than 3 may hunt under one guide ; bear, $10 ; birds and fish, $5 ; fish, $3. Alien : Gun and fish, $25 (not required of holder of $50 hunting license or of persons engaged in herding sheep) ; fish, $3 ; resi- dent alien, fish, $2. Resident: General, $2.50 (not issued co minor under 16) ; birds, $1 (not issued to minor under 14) ; fish, $1. Guide: Citizen only, $10 (bond, $500 may guide party of 3 nonresidents at one time). Licenses issued by justice of peace and assistant and deputy wardens. Unlawful to hunt on inclosed lands of another without consent of owner. Bag limits and possession: One deer, 1 elk, 1 sheep, a season; 18 birds, of which not more than 4 may be sage hens (2 sage hens in Laramie and Sheridan Counties), a day or in possession, but must not include more than 8 geese, 8 brant, or 15 in all of plovers and yellowlegs. Sale: Sale of all game of State prohibited; provided, the sale of game (except edible portion) is permitted when properly tagged. Justice of peace issues tags (fee, 25 cents) under affidavit that game was lawfully captured or killed. No sale of migratory birds permitted. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited; provided, game may be exported if properly tagged by a justice of the peace, fee 25 cents. Game tags issued under affidavit of lawful killing, and, if edible portion, that it is not for sale. Smithsonian Institution or other well-known scientific institutions may export any game animals or birds oinder permit of State game commission. Exchange of game animals and birds for liberation in Wyoming allowed under permit of the State game commission. Not more than 50 ducks, 16 geese, 16 brant, 50 Wilson snipe, 30 in oil of plovers and yellowlegs, or 50 in all of rails, coots, and gallinules shall be exported by one person in any one calendar week. CANADA. Under the act of August 29, 1917, to give effect to the migratory-bird treaty between the United States and Great Britain the governor general in council has promulgated regulations for the protection of migratory birds in Canada. 1 These regulations restrict the hunting of migratory game birds not protected throughout the year to a period not exceeding 85 months between September 1 and January 15, inclusive, in all except the Maritime Provinces, where the 3$ months open season on shorebirds opens August 15 and closes November 30. Other provisions of the regulations also conform to the terms of the treaty. In 1919 the above-mentioned act was amended so as to authorize the governor general in council to make regulations fixing the bag limits on migratory game birds, and prescribing the manner in which they may be taken and the ap- pliances that may be used therefor. Canada also has a general law prohibiting export of deer (except those raised on private preserves), wild turkey, quail, partridge, prairie fowl, and wood- cock, but permitting each nonresident to export two deer (except in those Provinces further limiting the number) in a year at certain ports within 15 days after the close of the open season, under permit of the collector of customs 1 Full text of the regulations will be found on pages 77-80. 42 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. of tlie port from which export is made. The ports of export are Halifax and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia; Macadam Junction, New Brunswick; Quebec and Montreal, Quebec; Ottawa, Kingston, Niagara Falls, Fort Erie, Windsor, Sault Ste. Marie, and Port Arthur, Ontario; and such others as the minister of customs may designate. ALBERTA. Open seasons: 1 Dates inclusive. Deer (male), bull inoose, caribou Nov. 1-Dec. 14. Sheep (male), goat Sept. 1-Oct. 31. Grouse, partridge, prairie chicken, ptarmigan Oct. 1-Nov. 14. Hungarian partridge Oct. 1-Oct. 31. Duck, goose, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, black-breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs, rails, and coot Sept. 1-Dec. 14. No open season: Elk or wapiti, buffalo, females of deer, moose, sheep, young of all big game, antelope (1925), Hungarian pheasant. Hunting licenses: Nonresident: General, $25; bird, $5. Resident: Big game, $2.50; birds, $2.25 (required only south of Lat. 55) ; not required of farmer or member of family residing with him on farm ; guide, camp help, $2.50 ; market, hunter, $5 ; game dealer, $10. Farmers or their sons residing on own land, big game, $1. Issued by minister of agriculture. Residents north of latitude 55 may also take one head of big game (except elk or buffalo) without big-game license. Bag limits: Deer, moose, caribou, 1 of each species, 2 sheep, 2 goats a season ; grouse, partridge, prairie chicken, ptarmigan, 10 a day, 100 a season ; Hungarian partridge, 5 a day, 25 a season ; 30 ducks a day, 200 a season. Sale: Sale of grouse, partridge, prairie chicken, ptarmigan, Hungarian partridge pro- hibited. Other game birds may be sold under license during open season. The flesh of big game may be sold under $10 license. Heads of big game before being sold must be stamped by minister of agriculture at fee of $5 for elk, caribou, moose, sheep ; and .$2 for deer, antelope, and goat. Export: Export of all protected game prohibited, except minister of agriculture may grant permits for export of game at the rate of $5 for each head of big game and $1 per dozen for game birds. The holder of a general nonresident license may take with him out of the Province as trophies heads, skins, and hoofs of big game legally killed by him. Any person may export mounted or branded heads at a fee of $1 for each head. Export of migratory birds prohibited during close season. BRITISH COLUMBIA. 2 (1910 regulations not received.) Open seasons. 2 No open season: Buffalo, elk, young of deer and goat, and females and young of moose, caribou, and sheep. Hunting and fishing licenses: Nonresident: General, $25 and $25 additional for each grizzly bear, moose, sheep, wapiti, or caribou, $15 additional for each black or brown bear, mountain goat, or mule deer, and $5 additional for every deer of any other species shot by him; birds (season), $50; bear, Jan. 1-July 1, $25; angling, season $5, or $1 per day up to five days ; British subject, birds, $5 per week. Resident and members of army, navy, or militia on duty in Province : Deer and birds, $2.50 ; big game and birds, $5. Big game, birds, and trapping, $10 ; guide, $5. Issued by warden or any person authorized by him. No fee required of farmer holding over 10 acres of land or member of family for license to hunt birds and deer on land on which he resides. Free license granted to prospector under certain conditions upon production of free miner's certificate. No license issued to person under 16 without written consent of parent or guardian, and then to hunt with firearms only under supervision of licensed adult. Unlawful to bunt on cultivated, cleared, or inclosed land without owner's consent. Badge to be worn by licensee. Firearms not to be carried without license. Bag limits and possession: Three deer of anj species, 4 in all; 1 elk, 1 moose, 2 caribou, 2 goats, 2 sheep of any one species, 3 in all, 250 ducks a season. (Lamits on other species fixed by orders in council.) Game may be possessed for two weeks after close of open season. 1 Alberta: North of latitude 55 any game animal or bird, except elk and buffalo, may be killed at any time if needed for food. 2 British Oolnm-Ma-: Open seasons fixed annually by order in council, copies of which may be had from the secretary of the game conservation board, Victoria, British Columbia. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 43 Sale: Sale prohibited of all game except under regulations of lieutenant governor in council. Sale of big game without head attached and game birds without plumage prohibited. Heads of big game killed without and imported into Province may be sold when branded. Fees, moose and elk, $5 ; mountain sheep, $4 ; caribou, $3. Export: Export prohibited of all protected game except under permit of Provincial game warden. Miscellaneous: Use of automatic guns prohibited. Pump guns capable of holding only one cartridge in magazine may be used. MANITOBA. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer, moose, caribou or reindeer, antelope or cabrl (males) Nov. 20-Dec. 10. Ptarmigan Oct. 1-Oct. 20. Duck, goose, brant, coot, gallinule, Wilson snipe, black-breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs, rail, and woodcock Sept. 15-Nov. 30. No open season: Bison or buffalo, elk, females and young of big game, dove; quail, pheas- ant, Hungarian partridge, introduced game bird (1927) ; grouse, prairie chicken. Hunting licenses: Nonresident alien, big game, $25 ; birds, $25. Nonresident British, big game, $15 ; birds, $10. Resident, big game, $4 ; birds, $1. Issued by minister of agri- culture. Hunting prohibited on inclosed or cultivated lands, lands covered by build- ings or water, without consent of owner. No license required of farmers or members of family to hunt on farm on which they reside. Bag limits and possession: One in all of deer, moose, caribou, and antelope a season; 15 ptarmigan a day, 50 a season ; 20 ducks a day in September, 40 a day in October and November ; 10 geese a day. Possession of ptarmigan allowed for 10 days after close of hunting season. Venison for private use may be possessed at any time on proof of legal killing. Sale: Sale prohibited of fleer, elk, moose, caribou, antelope (except heads and hides), and all protected game birds. Export: Export prohibited of all protected game except under permit issued by department of agriculture. No permit shall be issued for export of ptarmigan, prairie chicken, partridge, grouse, geese, ducks, or entire carcass of any moose, elk, caribou, or deer ; provided, nonresident licensee under permit issued free may export carcass of moose, caribou, or deer, and not more than 50 geese and 50 ducks killed by him. (No duck shall be exported before Oct. 1.) Export of migratory birds prohibited during close Miscellaneous: Hunters must wear complete outer suit and cap of white material. Auto- matic guns prohibited in hunting waterfowl and ptarmigan. NEW BRUNSWICK. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer (see exception), moose (bulls) Sept. 15-Nov. 30. Exception: Deer on Grand Manan and Campobello Islands Oct. 1, 1922. Waterfowl, rails, coot, gallinules Sept. 1 Dec. 14. Woodcock, jacksnipe or Wilson snipe Sept. 15-Nov. 30. Black-breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 15 Nov. 30. No open seasn: Caribou (1921) ; calf under 3 years and cow moose; pheasant; partridge (1921). Hunting licenses: Nonresident: General, $50; bird, $10; Westmoreland County, $25; fish, $5. Resident : Big game, $2 ; sinkbox for waterfowl, $1 ; taxidermist, $1 ; guide, $1 ; camp help, $1. Big game license not issued to person under 18. Issued by minister of lands and mines. Nonresident licensee must have registered guide. Bag limits mnd possession: Two deer, 1 moose (lumber camp limited to 2 moose) a season; 20 ducks, 10 partridges, 10 woodcock a day. Game may be kept for personal use in cold storage during close season under permit. Sale: Sale of carcass of moose and deer (except head or hide) prohibited; woodcock until September 15, 1919 ; of other game during close season ; provided game (except migra- tory birds) may be sold during life of 10-day permit applied for within 10 days after close of season. Keepers of hotels, inns, etc., may serve ^game during open season and 15 days thereafter. Dealer under $1 license from minister of lands and mines may sell three deer at retail and heads and hides to taxidermists ; and hides and skins of animals may be sold under license by nonresidents or aliens, fee, $25 ; and residents, fee, $2. 44 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. Export: 1 Expert of all game prohibited, except that minister of lands and mines may issue license to export game alive or dead. Miscellaneous: Automatic guns prohibited in hunting big game and waterfowl. NORTHWEST TERRITORIES. 2 Open seasons: 3 Dates inclusive. Deer and moose (males only), mountain goat Sept. 1-Apr. 1. Mountain sheep, caribou _ / ^ ug> 1 - ct - * | Dec. 1-Apr. 1. Partridge, prairie chicken, ptarmigan, and other grouse Sept. 1 Jan. 1. Waterfowl, rails, coot, gallinules, Wilson snipe, black-breasted and golden plovers, and yellowlegs Sept. 1 Dec. 14. No open season: Buffalo or bison; musk ox, wapiti or elk, does, cow moose; females of caribou, sheep, and goat with young, and young of any of such animals; swan (1928) ; eider duck (1923) ; woodcock. Hunting prohibited on Victoria Island. Hunting and trapping licenses: Nonresident, $50; nonresident British subject, $25; resi- dent, $2 ; trading or trafficking in game ; nonresident, $100 ; nonresident British, sub- ject, $50; resident, $5. Issued by commissioner of Dominion parks. Native-born Indians, Eskimos, or half-breed bona fide residents of Northwest Territories may hunt without a license. Bag limits: Two bull moose, 2 male deer, 4 caribou; mountain sheep, 2 of any species, 3 in all ; mountain goat, 2 of any one species. Sale: Sale of protected game during close season prohibited. Export: Export of the meat of any game prohibited. NOVA CCOTIA. Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Deer, male (except on Cape Breton Island, no open season) Oct. 16-Oct. 31. Moose, bulls (except on Cape Breton Island, no open season) Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Caribou, bulls, in Inverness and Victoria Counties only Sept. 16-Oct. 15. Hare, rabbit . . Dec. 1-Feb. 1. Waterfowl, rails, coot, gallinules Sept. 15-Dec. 31. Black-breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs Aug. 15-Nov. 30. Woodcock, Wilson snipe Sept. 1-Dec. 14. No open season: Females and young of deer, moose, and caribou, Canada grouse (spruce partridge), pheasant; ruffed grouse (birch partridge), 1922. Hunting licenses: Nonresident: All game, $30; birds and small game, except woodcock and snipe, $15 ; nonresident paying taxes equal to license fee, $5 ; resident alien, $5 ; guide, resident, $2. Issued by provincial secretary, game commissioners, and county clerks. Bag limits: One moose a season ; 5 ruffed grouse, 10 woodcock a day. Sale: Sale prohibited of deer, caribou, pheasant, blackcock, capercailzie, Canada grouse (spruce partridge), chukar partridge. Moose (meat only) may be sold from October 4 to November 1 under certificate f howing lawful killing ; rabbit, December 4 to February 1 ; any game bird other than those above mentioned during the open season, with the exception of the first three days. Export: Export prohibited of all protected game, except holder of nonresident general license may ship out of Province under license tag 1 moose lawfully shot by him- self. Mounted heads and dressed skins and live mammals or birds for propagating or scientific purposes may be exported under permit from chief game commissioner. Miscellaneous: Unlawful to use rifle or gun loaded with bullet to shoot wild fowl. 1 New Bntnswiclc: Except in the case of partridge the prohibition applies only to common carriers. 2 "Northwest Teri'itories " means the northwest territories formerly known as Rup- pert's Land and the Northwestern Territory (except such portions thereof as are in- cluded in the Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta and the Yukon Territory), together with all British territories and possessions in North America and all islands adjacent thereto not included within any Province, except the Colony of Newfoundland and its dependencies. 8 Indians, Eskimos, bona fide inhabitants, explorers, and surveyors may take game, except musk ox or elk, and the eggs of birds when actually needing them to prevent starvation. Indians and Eskimos may take musk ox for such purposes. GAME LAWS FOE 1919. 45 ONTARIO, Open seasons: 1 Deer ________________________________________________________ Nov. 5-Nov. 20. Moose, caribou (bulls only) (cows and calves under 1 year of age, no open season) -------------------------------------------- Oct. 1-Nov. 30. 2 Hare 3 /Oct. 15-Nov. 15. ------------ \Dec.23-Jan.2. Squirrel (black or gray) ______________________________________ Nov. 1-Nov. 15. Wild turkey __________________________________________________ Nov. 1-Nov. 15. Woodcock ---------------------------------------------------- Oct. 15-Nov. 14. Duck, goose, black-breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs, jacksnipe or Wilson snipe, rail, coot, gallinule ------------------------- -Sept. 1-Dec. 14. No open season: Fawns, elk or wapiti, dove, partridge, grouse, praitfe fowl; capercailzie; quail, Hungarian partridge, pheasants (1920). Bunting licenses: Nonresident: General, $25. Resident: Moose and caribou, $5; deer, $3. Guide, $2. Issued by department of game and fisheries. Bag limits and possession : Resident, 1 deer ; nonresident, 1 deer a season ; 1 bull moose, 1 caribou a season ; 200 ducks a season. Two or more persons hunting together under license may kill an average of 1 deer each. Possession permitted during open season and until March 31, following, of all game except migratory birds. Sale: The sale of waterfowl prohibited; also partridge (grouse), quail, woodcock, and .snipe prohibited to September 14, 1920. All other native game may be sold during the open season by the person killing it, and by dealers during open seasons and until the following January 1, under license. Hotels, restaurants, and clubs under license may sell during closed season. Imported game may be sold under special regulations and licenses. Game breeders may sell animals for breeding purposes under permit. Sale of migratory birds prohibited during closed season. Export: The export of all wild game animals and birds is prohibited ; provided, 1 deer, 1 bull moose, 1 bull caribou, and 100 ducks may be exported under nonresident hunt- ing license if shipping coupon and, if required, affidavit of lawful killing be attached and contents of packages be open to view. Lawfully imported game and deer, moose, elk, or caribou in private ownership may be exported. Minister may issue permit for the export of game, dead or alive, at any time, except migratory birds during close season. Miscellaneous: Use, of automatic guns prohibited. Unlawful to enter with gun or dog into growing or standing grain without consent of owner. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. (1919 laws not received.) Open seasons: Dates inclusive. Hare, rabbit _________________________________________________ -Nov. 1-Feb. 1. Partridge (in alternate years, 1919, 1921, etc.) __________________ Oct. 15-Nov. 15. Waterfowl, rail, coot, gallinule _____________________________ . ____ Sept. 1-Dec. 14. Woodcock, jacksnipe or Wilson snipe ____________________________ Sept. 15-Nov. 30. Black-breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs ____________________ Aug. 15-Nov. 30. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $15. If applicant pays taxes on real estate valued at $325, fee $5 ; ?ons and brothers of residents returning for visit, $2.50 ; guest, $2. Issued by game inspectors and tax collectors. Hunting on inclosed lands without per- mission of owner prohibited. Bag limits and possession: No limits. Sale: Game lawfully killed may be sold, except migratory birds may not be sold during close season. Export: Export prohibited of all game except geese and brant ; provided, nonresident licensee may carry out of Province 12 birds killed by himself if tagged and carried open to view. Export of migratory birds prohibited during close season. Miscellaneous: Use prohibited of automatic, pump, machine gun, rifle, or other gun loaded with bullets in hunting game birds. 1 Ontario: Lieutenant governor in council may alter close seasons in region north and west of French River, Lake Nipissing, and Mattawa River, and in the vicinity of Ron- dean Park, and close for a definite period seasons for any game animal or nonmigratory game bird whose numbers have diminished. 2 South of the Canadian Pacific R. R. from Mattawa to Port Arthur, Oct. 5-Nov. 20. 3 Hares may be killed during close season by any means other than shooting. 46 FARMERS ' BULLETIN 1077. QUEBEC. Open seasons: 1 Deer, bull moose (see exception) _- Sept. 1-Dec. 31. Exception: In Labelle, Ottawa, Pontiac, and Temiscaming Counties Oct. 1-Nov. 30. Caribou Sept. 1-Jan. 31. Hare Oct. 15-Jan. 31. Bear Aug. 20-.Tune 30. j Birch or swamp partridge , Sept. 1-Dec. 14. White partridge or ptarmigan __Nov. 1-Jan. 31. Waterfowl, rails, coots Sept. 1-Dec. 14. Woodcock, jacksnipe or Wilson snipe, black-breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs (see exceptions) Sept. 1-Dec. 14. Exceptions: In Bonaventure, Gaspe, Rimouski, and Saguenay Counties Aug. 15-Nov. 30. In districts adjacent to tidewater Sept. 1-Nov. 30. No open season: Cow moose, young of deer, moose, and caribou, eider duck, pheasant (1920). Hunting licenses: Nonresident: General, $25 (members of incorporated hunting clubs, $10). Resident, $1 (not required of resident British subject hunting for own use) ; resident special, $5 (3 deer and 3 caribou additional to limit). Issued by Minister of Colonization. Bag limits and possession: Two deer, 1 moose, 2 caribou in season; 3 caribou- and 3 deer under special resident license. Game lawfully killed may be possessed until 15 days after close of open season. Sale: Sale of birch or spruce partridge prohibited until October 1, 1920. Game lawfully taken may be sold from the third day of open season to and including the fifteenth day after expiration of open season. Licensed hotels, restaurants, and clubs may serve game lawfully taken, except birch or spruce partridge. Sale of migratory birds pro- hibited during close season. Export: Export of moose, caribou, and deer, or parts thereof, prohibited except under permit issued from Minister of Colonization (fee not to exceed $5) ; also under tags attached to nonresident license not later than 15 days after close of season; export of migratory birds prohibited during close season. SASKATCHEWAN. Open seasons: 2 Dates inclusive. Deer, moose, caribou (males only) Nov. 15-Dec. 14.* Duck, goose, coot, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, black-breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs, rails Sept. 15-Dec. 31. No open season: Antelope, buffalo, elk, and female of big game and young of big game under one year of age.* Partridge (ruffed grouse), sage grouse, Canada or spruce grouse, prairie chicken. Hunting licenses: Nonresident: Big game, $25; birds, $15; domiciled in Canada, $5; issued by minister of agriculture. Resident, big game, $5 ; birds, $1.25 (required of resident of city or town). Issued by minister or agent. No license issued to person under 16 without written consent of parent or guardian. Big-game hunters must wear white suit and cap. Hunting prohibited on inclosed lands without consent. Bag limits and possession: One moose, 2 deer, 2 caribou, but not more than 2 in all ; 50 waterfowl a day, 250 a season. Game birds may be kept in licensed storage from 1 Quebec: By a Dominion order in council, it is unlawful to capture, take, injure, or molest migratory game, migratory insectivorous, or other migratory nongame bird, or to take, injure, destroy, or molest their nests or eggs within the following areas : "A strip of land 10 feet in depth, along the cliff and the cliff itself on the north and east sides of Bonaventure Island in the County of Gaspe ; " The Bird Rocks and a 1-mile zone surrounding the same ; " Perce Rock and a 1-mile zone surrounding the same, except that where the main- land is distant less than 1 mile from Perce Rock, the shore of such mainland shall con- stitute the boundary of the zone." 2 Saskatchewan: Lieutenant governor in council may extend close seasons over current year, within limits, on petition of six game guardians. 3 Applies north of line between townships 34 and 35 ; south of said line no open season. 4 Male moose having horns less than 6 inches in length deemed to be under one year of age. GAME LAWS FOR 1910. 47 September 16 to March 1 and flesh of big game from December 1 to April 1 if tagged with number and kinds of game, name of depositor, and number of his hunting license. Sale: Sale of all protected game prohibited. Export: Export of all protected same prohibited; provided, minister of agriculture may grant permits to export for scientific purposes or propagation in public parks and zoological gardens 1 pair each species of big game and game birds upon payment of $5, or for propagation a specified number on application of another Province or State. Minister may issue permits to export deer (fee $2 per head) or other big game (fee $5 per head), hides of big game (fee $1 each), flesh of big game (fee $1 for each 20 pounds or less), birds (except grouse family) (fee $1 per dozen, limit 5 dozen per season). Nonresident licensee on leaving Province may take with him during open season personally under his license and permit big game and 100 game birds legally killed. Export of migratory birds prohibited during close season. YUKON. Open seasons: 1 Dates inclusive. Deer, moose, caribou, sheep, goat (males only) Sept. 1-Mar. 1. Partridge, prairie chicken, grouse, ptarmigan, pheasant Sept. 1-Mar. 15. Waterfowl, rails, coots, gallinules, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, black- breasted and golden plovers, yellowlegs Sept. 1 Dec. 14. No open season: Elk or wapiti, musk ox, bison or buffalo, and females of other big game. Hunting licenses: Nonresident, $100. Issued l>y commissioner or game guardian. Bag limits: Six caribou, 6 deer, 2 moose, 2 sheep, 2 goats a season. Sale: Deer, moose, caribou, sheep, and goats lawfully taken may be sold during the open season and 60 days thereafter. Sale of migratory birds prohibited during close season. Export: Protected game may be exported by a nonresident only under a hunting license and a shipping permit issued by the commissioner of the territory or a game guardian. Heads of game may be exported, if declared before a game guardian. Export of migra- tory birds prohibited during close season. COLONY OF NEWFOUNDLAND. Open seasons : 2 Dates inclusive. Caribou (except in a special region near Grand Lake, no op*n f Aug. 1-Sept. 30. season) | Oct 21 _ Jan gl Hare, rabbits Sept. 20-Jan. 1. Ptarmigan, willow grouse or partridge, plovers, curlew, snipe, or " other wild or migratory birds (except wild geese)" Sept. 20-Jan. 1. No open season: Elk, moose. Hunting: and fishing licenses: Nonresident: Caribou, $51; fish (salmon and sea trout), $10.50. Resident, $5. Guide, nonresident, $50 ; resident, free. Caribou licenses issued by minister of marine and fisheries, stipendary magistrate, or justice of peace. Unlicensed guides not to be employed. Guide shall not guide party of more than three sportsmen. Bag limits: Three caribou (stags) a season by nonresident licensee; 2 stags, 1 doe by resident. Sale: Caribou may be sold from August 1 to January 1; ptarmigan, willow grouse taken in open season may be sold until January 15; other birds may be sold during open season. Export: Export for sale prohibited of caribou, partridge, willow or other grouse; pro- vided, minister of marine and fisheries may issue licenses to export caribou for breeding or scientific purposes. Licensee may export three stag caribou under hunting license and export permit (fee, 50 cents) ; resident may export antlers, head, or skin of cari- bou under export permit, but not, in either case, for sale. 1 Yukon: Indians, explorers, surveyors, prospectors, miners, and travelers in need of food may take game during close season. Commissioner in council may alter seasons. -Newfoundland: Poor settlers may kill any birds except capercailzie and black game at any time for immediate consumption by themselves or their families. 48 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. DISPOSITION OF GAME RAISED IN CAPTIVITY. Regulations have been adopted under the Federal migratory-bird treaty act to permit the propagation and sale of migratory water- fowl, 1 thus paving the way for the upbuilding in this country of an industry from which many persons have been barred by lack of suit- able legislation. It has been demonstrated that game animals and birds, especially certain species of migratory waterfowl, will yield satisfactory returns when propagated on farms and preserves. It is believed that the demand will far exceed the supply for a number of years, in view of the increased restrictions on the sale of native wild game and of the fact that migratory birds can no longer be sold on the market anywhere in the United States unless they have been reared in captivity in accordance with the law and regulations. The Department of Agriculture, acting in conjunction with State game officials, will aid so far as possible in establishing this industry, both in preparing drafts of suitable laws to be enacted by the various States and in assisting breeders to obtain eggs and breeding stock. The Department is not and never has been in a position to furnish breeding stock or the eggs of any species of game bird for propa- gating purposes, contrary to frequent reports in the press, but it will assist legitimate enterprises by granting the necessary permits to propagate migratory waterfowl in captivity and to take birds or eggs for propagating purposes. Reasonable and proper regulations of Federal and State Governments will permit domesticated game to reach the market for consumption at all seasons and at the same time will prevent the infringement of laws to conserve the supply of native game. Federal regulations: Under permit from the Secretary of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., r-nd subject to the provisions of State laws relating thereto, migratory waterfowl may be possessed, sold, and transported at any time for propagating purposes and the unplucked carcasses and the plucked carcasses with heads attached of propagated birds killed in any manner, except that they may be killed by shooting only during the open season for waterfowl in the State where taken, may be sold and transported at any time to any person for actual consumption, or to the keeper of a hotel, restaurant, or boarding house, retail dealer in meat or game, or a club, for sale or service to their patrons, who may possess such carcasses for actual consumption without a Federal permit ; provided, that no migratory waterfowl killed by shooting shall be bought or sold unless each bird before attaining the age of four weeks shall have had removed from the web of one foot a portion thereof in the form of a. "V" for identification purposes. (Bee Reg. 8, p. 74, for full details and requirements.) About two-thirds of the States now have some special provision regulating possession, sale, or export of game raised in captivity. The following table giving a digest of the various State laws on the subject serves to show the lack of uniformity and the need of addi- tional legislation to attain the results desired : 3 Waterfowl are the only migratory birds that are permitted to bo raised in captivity, and permits therefor must be obtained from the Secretary of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., in accordance with the regulations. (See pp. 74-75.) GAME LAWS FOE 1010. _ 49 Arkansas: The commission may establish rules governing propagation of game in captivity \ and authorize the sale or export of such game under permit. California: Game raised in captivity under breeder's license (fee, $2.50) may be sold at any time for breeding purposes or may be sold under license and regulations of com- : missioners for food when properly tagged (fee, 3 cents a tag). All domesticated game (except deer) must be killed otherwise than by shooting. Colorado: Game furnished from a private park or lake of class A may be sold by hotels ' and restaurants at any time. Game taken from licensed private parks may be sold or shipped at any time if accompanied by an invoice. Connecticut: Deer, pheasants:, and wild fowl raised in licensed preserves (fee, $2) may be sold or transported at any time, when duly tagged under regulations of commissioners of fisheries and game. Delaware: Unlawful to kill, sell, or possess Hungarian partridge or pheasants except for scientific or propagating purposes. Georgia: Registered breeder may sell game for propagation. Illinois: Game raised in captivity under a breeder's license (fee, $5) may be sold for propagation purposes, or may be killed, sold, and transported for food at any time. Indiana: Game raised in captivity may be killed, sold, or transported at any time. Iowa: Game birds raised in captivity under license (fee, $2) may be sold. Kansas: Game raised in captivity may be transported for scientific or propagating pur- poses under permit of warden and .$1,000 bond. Kentucky: Game birds and game animals bred in captivity under permit may be sold; transported, or otherwise disposed of at any time when duly tagged. Louisiana: Game raised in captivity under $5 license may be sold alive for stocking or breeding purposes, and may be killed, transported, and sold for food at any time, if tagged with metal tag. Traffic in birds killed by shooting prohibited. Maine: Game raised in captivity under a $2 breeder's license may be killed, sold, or trans- ported at any time under regulations of commissioners. Maryland: Elk and imported and native deer raised in licensed preserve (fee, $5) may be sold, dead or alive, at any time. (In Allegany and Garrett Counties white-tailed deer native to the State must be branded three months prior to killing.) The propagation and killing of English or ringneck pheasants in captivity is permitted. In Wash- ington County game animals and birds reared in licensed preserves (fee, $10) may be sold for propagation only. Massachusetts: Quail reared in captivity under permit may be exported. Game may be reared in captivity under license (no fee) and sold for propagation under regulations of commissioners ; deer, elk, pheasants, quail, European or gray partridge, and wild fowl may be reared in captivity under license (no fee) and sold for food, when properly tagged. Tag fee, 5 cents. Licensed dealers may sell such game. Michigan: Deer, elk, pheasants, and wild ducks may be raised in captivity under $5 license and sold at any time for breeding or stocking purposes and the carcasses transported or sold for food when properly tagged (fee, 5 cents). Ducks killed by shooting 1 (except under direct supervision of a deputy warden) may not be sold or disposed of. Licensed retail dealer, club, hotel, restaurant, etc., may sell portion of tagged game to patron or customer for actual consumption or use without additional license. Minnesota: Game raised in captivity under license (fee, $1)' may be sold alive at any time for propagating purposes, and may be killed, sold, and transported under regula- tions of commissioner. No fee required to raise game birds for domestic use or as pets. Missouri: Deer, elk, and other protected game raised in captivity under license (fee, $5) may be transported and sold under regulations of the commissioner. Montana: Game raised in licensed private preserve (fee, $5) may be killed, sold, or transported at any time. If nucleus stock is captured from wild animals in the State, no such animals nor their progeny shall be sold for a period of three years. Nevada: Game raised in licensed preserve (fee, $10) may be sold or shipped at any time under invoice. New Hampshire: Game raised in captivity under $2 license may be sold or transported at any time when properly tagged, under regulations of commissioner. New Jersey: Mallard, wood, and black ducks and Canada geese (when raised under Federal permit 1 ), English and Mongolian pheasants, quail, ruffed grouse, deer, rabbits, and squirrels raised in licensed preserves (fee, $5) may be killed at any time, and if properly tagged (tag fee, 5 cents) may be sold for food or exported for sale. Live deer, on payment of $5 for each animal, and game birds may be exported for propagation. 1 Michigan and Xew Jersey: See Federal Regulation 8, p. 74. 50 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. New Mexico: Game raised in licensed preserve may be exported; or sold at any time, under invoice, if the number of animals or birds in the park at the time the license is secured is not thereby reduced. New York: Elk, white- tailed deer, European red deer, fallow deer, roebuck, pheasants, Canada geese, Hutchins geese, mallard, and black ducks raised in captivity under license may be sold for breeding purposes and may be killed, sold, or exported at any time under license when properly tagged. Said ducks and geese may be killed by shooting during open season only, but ducks and geese 1 killed by shooting may not be sold, except under regulations of commission. Varying hares and cottontail rabbits bred in captivity under $5 license may be sold for food during close season, when properly tagged, under rules and regulations of the conservation department. North Carolina: Twenty-two counties have laws in regard to certain game raised in cap- tivity. North Dakota: Board may issue permits to breed or domesticate game. Ohio: Ringneck, Mongolian, or Chinese pheasants and mallard and black ducks raised in captivity under a breeder's license (fee, $5), may be sold for propagation and may be killed and sold when duly tagged. No pheasant, mallard, or black duck raised in domestication shall be killed by shooting except during the open season, and no mallard or black duck killed by shooting shall be bought or sold unless it shall have had a well-defined Y-shaped section removed from the web of one foot before it attains the age of four weeks. Packages must be labeled to show the number and kinds of birds contained therein, together with the name and address of the consignor. Deer, squirrels, and rabbits may be possessed in inclosures as pets. Oklahoma: Game raised under license (fee, $2) may be transported for propagation at any time, and for food, when properly tagged, during season prescribed by commissioner. Oregon: Game birds and animals raised in captivity under permit (fee, $2), may be exported or sold at any time upon being properly tagged by commissioner or deputy. Tag fee, 5 cents each. Written permit from commissioner must be attached to each shipment. Packages containing game to be plainly labeled. Pennsylvania: Game breeder's certificate, fee $1, bond $500. Game raised in captivity may be sold alive or dead within the State. Rhode Island: Game raised in captivity under permit may be sold at any time for propa- gation, under regulations of commissioners. South Carolina: Any birds or animals protected by Jaw may be kept in possession for purposes of propagation or domestication. South Dakota: Game raised in captivity may be exported or sold under written permission of State game warden. Utah: Game raised in licensed private preserves (fee, $25) may be sold when duly tagged. Fifty birds and ten animals of each kind may be captured, under permit of commissioner, for propagating purposes. Vermont: Game raised in licensed private preserves (fee, $2) may be. exported at any time when duly marked and tagged, and may be sold for propagation at any time, or for food, under tag in accordance with regulations of commissioner. Virginia: Game animals and birds raised under breeder's license (fee, $25) may be dis- posed of at any time for propagating or other purposes. Packages containing animals or birds transported for. propagating purposes must be marked to show clearly the names of consignor and consignee and that they are being transported for propagating purposes. Carcasses of game animals or birds must be tagged (fees, smaller birds and animals, 2 cents; wild turkeys, 10 cents; deer, bear, or elk, 50 cents). Pro- prietor of hotel or restaurant or a dealer may sell under a $5 license to guests or patrons game raised in captivity. (No license required of keeper of hotel or restaurant or a dealer to sell, during open season, waterfowl and rabbits raised in captivity or other species of propagated game the sale of which is not prohibited.) Holder of a game breeder's license, under permit and regulations of the commis- sioner, may trap wild animals or birds for breeding purposes, but the animals or birds KO taken shall not be sold or otherwise disposed of. Washington: Game and fur-bearing animals and wild birds may be raised in captivity under license (fee, $10) and sold and transported for food or propagating purposes when properly tagged. Keeper of hotel, restaurant, boarding house, or club, and retail dealer in meats, when duly licensed (fee, $5), may sell carcasses or parts thereof when properly tagged. Under proper permit from State game warden, animals and birds may be captured on State game preserves or imported from another State or country for propagating purposes. 1 New York: See Federal regulation 8, p. 74. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 51 West Virginia: The owner of elk kept in inclosure may kill them at any time, and may pursue and recapture, by killing or otherwise, elk which have escaped from his in- closure. Tame deer may be killed by the owner. Wisconsin: Under permit and supervision of the commission wild animals may be taken and transported for propagation within the State. Wyoming: Natural increase of big game (except moose) captured under permit (fee, $1) and held for propagation may be exported or sold. NEW LAWS PASSED IN 1919. (For correct seasons for hunting migratory birds and other game see " Summary of Laws Relating to Seasons, Licenses, etc.," pp. 7-47. Federal. Regulations : Amendments to regulations under the migratory-bird treaty act, prescribing September 1 to December 15 as the open season on black- bellied and golden plovers in Texas instead of November 1 to January 31; fixing a special bag limit of 50 a day on sora ; removing restrictions on intra- state transportation of migratory birds ; permitting migratory waterfowl raised in captivity to be killed by shooting during the open season for waterfowl in the State where taken, but providing that propagated waterfowl so killed shall not be sold unless each bird before attaining the age of four weeks shall have had removed from the web of one foot a portion thereof in the form of a V large enough to make a permanent well-defined mark to identify it as a bird raised in domestication under permit ; permitting plumage and skins of migra- tory game birds legally taken to be possessed and transported at all times without permit ; authorizing taxidermists under permit to possess, sell, and transport migratory birds and parts thereof legally taken ; prohibiting the taking of migratory birds from any floating device towed by power boat or sailboat; prescribing Federal open season from September 1 to December 15 on doves in Arkansas, Indiana, Kansas, Nebraska, Ohio, and Utah; and fixing October 16 to January 31 as the open season on doves in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, instead of September 16 to December 31. On January IT, 1919, the Secretary of Agriculture issued an order permitting bobolinks, commonly known as reedbirds or rice birds, to be killed from half an hour before sunrise to sunset from .September 1 to October 30, inclusive, in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and the District of Columbia, and from August 16 to November 15, inclusive, in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, but providing that the birds so killed shall not be sold, offered for sale, or shipped for purposes of sale, or be wantonly wasted or destroyed, but that they may be used for food purposes by the persons killing them and be transported to hospitals and charitable institutions for use as food. This order was issued after careful investigation by the Bureau of Biological Survey, which showed that bobolinks have been seriously destructive to the rice crops in the Southeastern States. Alabama. Four acts: Shortening the season three months and prohibiting summer shooting of squirrels (No. 52) ; general act protecting fur-bearing animals, prescribing a $10 trapping license, and protecting bears and fixing an open season on them (No. 105) ; making hunting licenses expire September 30 instead of December 31 (No. 117) ; declaring all State lands to be forest reserves and game refuges and prohibiting hunting thereon (No. 138). Alaska. One regulation : Repealing regulation 6 which continued a close season until August 1, 1920, on moose in Southeastern Alaska south of the Lynn Canal; repealing the regulation prohibiting sale of moose meat north of latitude 62 between December 25 and August 19; modifying the regulation prohibiting sale of meat of moose, caribou, mountain sheep, and mountain goat south of latitude 62 and between longitude 141 and 155, and limiting 52 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. its application to tlie territory south of the Cliugatch, or Coast Range, Moun- tains including the Kenai Peninsula, and thence east to longitude 141 ; pro- hibiting use of jacklights, searchlights, or other artificial lights in hunting or killing deer or moose in Southeastern Alaska ; prohibiting any game animal from being killed, sold, possessed, or procured for feeding foxes or other fur- bearing animals in captivity or dogs boarded for pay ; repealing the regulation prohibiting sale or serving in boarding house, hotel, or other eating place of game killed by natives for food or clothing or by miners or explorers in need of food. Arizona. Two acts: Authorizing State game warden to make rules and regulations under which animals and birds which have become seriously injurious to agriculture may be taken or killed; providing a $2.50 trapping license; defining fur-bearing animals; protecting wild hogs and beavers until 1922, and prohibiting possession during close season; prohibiting possession of does and spotted fawns, and forbidding purchase or sale of deer hides from which evidence of sex has been removed ; permitting hides of deer legally taken to be tanned or mounted (H. 237) ; establishing the Catalina Mountain State Game Preserve in the Coronado National Forest (H. 16). Arkansas. One act : General revision of game laws ; lengthening season on deer one week and on turkeys three weeks; shortening season on quail one month and protecting squirrels and fixing an open season on them ; requiring nonresident to obtain hunting license to take bear and increasing fee for hunting- dog license from $1.10 to $1.50 ; making State seasons and limits on migratory birds conform to Federal regulations ; limiting the number of wardens to eight and taking from game wardens all police power, except such as they may derive by being deputized by county sheriffs (No. 276). California. Twelve acts: Prescribing a $10 hunting license for resident aliens who have taken out first papers (S. 72) ; prohibiting sale of tree squir- rels (S. 303) ; increasing daily limit on Wilson snipe from 15 to 25 and weekly limit from 30 to 50; providing limit of 30 a week on doves (S. 306) ; declaring cottontail and brush rabbits to be predatory animals in game districts 4, 19, and 21 (A. 5) ; making it unlawful to shoot any kind of game bird or mammal except whale from power boat, sailboat, automobile, or airplane, or with a shot- gun larger than No. 10 gauge (S. 305) ; adding districts 1-m and 3-e to the game-preserve districts in which taking predatory animals is prohibited without permit from the fish and game commission ; permitting waterfowl to be taken in district 4-e (S. 380) ; permitting one day's limit of game birds and animals to be possessed during first five days of close season (S. 481) ; pre- scribing August 15 to September 15 as the open season on deer in district 4 instead of the month of September (S. 674) ; prescribing October 16 to Decem- ber 31 as the open season on quail in districts 4 and 4 ; shortening the season on doves one month by closing October 31 instead of November 30 (A. 575, S. 542) ; creating four new fish and game districts, two of which, Nos. 1 and 4J, are hunting districts and two, Nos. 1 m and 3-e, are game-preserve dis- tricts (A. 664) ; reducing the maximum penalty for hunting in the Mount Tamalpais Refuge from $1,000 to $500 and imprisonment from 1 year to 150 days (S. 677). Colorado. Two acts: Prohibiting aliens from hunting, or from owning shotgun, rifle, or pistol (H. 348) ; creating the Colorado State Game Refuge in parts of Boulder, Larimer, and Grand Counties (S. 66). Connecticut. Eight acts: Requiring State board of fisheries and game to pay all moneys received under fish and game laws to State treasurer, to be cred- ited to account of said board for its necessary expenses (ch. 43) ; protecting GAME LAWS FOR 191D. 53 swans and permitting other wild fowl to be taken half an hour before sunrise (ch. 74) ; reducing bag limits on ruffed grouse, introduced pheasant, and Hun- garian partridge (ch. 105) ; protecting ruffed grouse and female pheasant until October 8, 1920 (ch. 145) ; shortening the season two weeks on hares and rabbits, except Belgian or German hares, reducing the daily bag limit from 5-to-8, and the season limit from 35 to 30 (ch. 173) ; permitting deer to be killed only on agricultural lands when damaging fruit trees or growing crops, requiring that killing or wounding a deer must be reported to the commissioner within 12 hours, and prohibiting sale of flesh of deer taken in the State (ch. 201) ; making it unlawful to snare animals or to set snares or similar devices where animals can be taken (ch. 234) ; increasing maximum salary of superintendent of fisheries and game from $3,000 to $3,500 per annum (ch. 309). Delaware. Repealing the provision permitting a resident to sell, in his own county, game lawfully killed, thus prohibiting the sale of all game killed in the State except rabbits; adding turkey buzzard, crow, starling, and hawks (except fish hawk) to the list of unprotected birds; declaring all State, county, and mu- nicipal parks to be game refuges ; prohibiting minor under 15 years of age from hunting with gun except when accompanied by an adult who is lawfully hunting ; permitting nonresident who owns or leases property at any seaside summer resort, and his relatives, friends, and patrons sojourning at such resort, to hunt and fish in its vicinity from June 1 to September 30, without licenses during open seasons ; prescribing September 15 to November 1 as the open season on squirrels instead of September 1 to October 15. Florida. Four local acts, relating to the protection of English pheasants and squirrels in Escambia County and squirrels in Holmes and Washington Counties. Idaho. Three acts : Creating a department of law enforcement with a bureau relating to fish and game under the supervision of a fish and game warden (chs. 8 and 65) ; creating a State game preserve in the Pocatello National Forest (ch.25) ; providing for appointment of a field deputy at $1,600 per annum^ with $1,000 for expenses, and increasing the number of assistant chief deputies from six to eight ; increasing salary of State fish and game warden from $2,000 to $3,000 and his expense allowance from $1,000 to $1,800 per annum, and of the chief deputy from $1,500 to $2,000, but limiting his actual and necessary traveling expenses to $1,200; increasing salaries of assistant chief deputies from $1,200 to $1,600 and their expenses from $800 to $1,000 per annum each, and of the chief clerk from $1,500 to $1,800 per annum, and fixing the com- pensation of all other deputies at $125 per month in lieu of $3 per day ; length- ening the season two weeks on elk in the principal counties having open seasons ; prescribing an open season from August 15 to September 30 throughout the State on sage hens ; reducing fee for general nonresident hunting license from $25 to $10, except to residents of adjoining States requiring a larger license fee, and on birds from $7.50 to $5 ; increasing fee for resident license from $1 to $1.50, but exempting women from license requirements ; increasing the daily bag limit on ducks from 12 to 18, on doves and Wilson snipe from 6 to 12 each, and the pos- session limit on migratory birds from 15 to 20 birds a day; broadening the powers of officers authorized to enforce fish and game laws by requiring them to inspect depots, cars, warehouses, cold-storage rooms, warerooms, restaurants, hotels, lodging houses, and markets, and all baggage, packages, and packs held for storage, shipment, or sale, and authorizing them, without warrant, to search tents, wagons, autos, or other vehicles, camps, baggage, or packs believed to con- tain contraband game, birds, fish, or fur-bearing animals (ch. 65). Illinois. One act : Codifying and amending the game laws generally ; adopt- ing the Federal seasons on migratory birds but limiting the season on doves to 54 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. the month of September ; establishing a limit of 15 a day on rabbits and shorten- ing the season two months, opening November 1 instead of September 1 ; reduc- ing the limit on .squirrels from 15 to 10 a day and the number in possession from 30 to 20 ; reducing the season five days on prairie chickens ; limiting the number to 6 cock pheasants, 50 snipe, and 60 rails in possession; prohibiting shipment of game by parcel post. Indiana. One act: Creating a department of conservation with four com- missioners and placing the game and fish interests of the State under its juris- diction ; providing for the appointment of chiefs of divisions, assistants, inspec- tors, and employees on fitness and merit, to be determined by examination or otherwise as the commission shall determine; empowering the conservation commissioners and each of the chiefs of divisions to administer oaths and to require public officials, corporations, associations, and individuals to furnish information for lawful purposes under the act, and authorizing them to sub- poena witnesses, and require the production of books, records, etc.; giving to commissioners, chiefs of divisions, and all other legally appointed employees necessary police powers to enforce and administer the conservation laws; authorizing fish and game division to encourage and assist so far as practicable in the organization and establishment of fish and game protective associations in the State; providing a clerical fee of 10 cents for issuing hunting and fishing licenses, and directing that all expenses of the fish and game division shall be paid from the fish and game protective and propagation fund; providing that all funds accrued to the use of any division of the department other than regular or specific appropriations made by the general assembly shall constitute a revolving fund for the use of the respective divisions, and only that part of such funds in excess of $50,000 shall revert to the Treasury at the end of any fiscal year (eh. 60). Iowa. No game legislation. Kansas. One act : Extending absolute protection for 5 years on prairie chickens, partridge, and introduced pheasants; fixing the first 10 days in De- cember as the open season on quail, making it unlawful to shoot them except on the wing, and prescribing a bag limit of 10 a day (ch. 207). Maine. Seven acts: Shortening the season one month on ruffed grouse and woodcock in eight southern counties (II. 308) ; increasing fee for resident taxidermists' license from $2 to $5 and proscribing a $25 taxidermist license for resident aliens (H. 285) ; shortening the season tw r o weeks on deer in eight northern counties (H. 213) ; empowering commissioner, after thorough investi- gation, to grant permits to kill protected wild birds which have become seri- ously injurious to agriculture (S. 139) ; opening the season on bull moose during the last 10 days of November and requiring carcasses shipped to be tagged and to be accompanied and identified by owner at points designated by the commissioner ; making it unlawful to sell or give away moose for shipment out of the State; providing a $5 shipping tag under which a resident may transport moose to his home or to a hospital in the State without accompany- ing shipment ; allowing nonresident to transport to his home under hunting license and shipping coupons a bull moose, lawfully killed by him (ch. ) : prohibiting carrying loaded guns in motor vehicles (ch. ) ; requiring resi- dent hunters to procure certificates of registration, fee 25 cents, good as long as the holder remains a citizen of the State; making it unlawful to accept game for transportation without first ascertaining that shipper is duly licensed (ch. ) ; amending fish and game laws generally (clerical errors bill) ; pro- hibiting possession at any camp, lodge, or place of resort for hunters or fisher- men, of any jucklight or light fitted for use in hunting game at night, or any p GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 55 swivel, pivot, or set gun ; continuing the protection on caribou and prohibiting possession regardless of where taken ; repealing the provision which allowed a resident to export one deer a season; prohibiting the use of deer and moose in lumber camps ; prescribing a $25 nonresident license to hunt moose ; providing that the fees for alien hunting licenses shall be paid into the appropriation for maintenance of lish and game department (ch. ). Massachusetts. Four acts : Protecting quail in Essex, Dukes, and Nantucket Counties until 1922 (ch. 40) ; extending the law prohibiting use of traps, nets, and snares for taking game birds to include all wild birds (ch. 65) ; prescribing a minimum penalty of $5 for taking game by use of traps, nets, snares, swivel and pivot guns, artificial lights, and power boats, and increasing the maximum penalty from $25 to $50 (ch. 83) ; protecting ruffed grouse, or partridges, until October, 1920; prescribing an open season on squirrel, quail, and woodcock from October 20 to November 20, instead of the month of November; and lengthening the season 10 days on hares, or rabbits, by opening October 20 instead of November 1 (ch. 153). Michigan. Five acts: Opening the season on fox squirrels during the last half of October and lengthening the season two weeks on woodcock, closing November 25 instead of November 9 ; prescribing different seasons for hunting rabbits in sections north and south of a line between townships 20 and 21 north ; lengthening the season one month in the northern section of the State by prescribing a season from October 1 to March 1 and fixing the open season in the southern section from November 1 to March 1 ; allowing ruffed grouse to be hunted during October in the Upper Peninsula and November in the Lower Peninsula, the first grouse hunting permitted for several years (H. 203) ; mak- ing it unlawful for a person in or on any aircraft to pursue or molest game or insectivorous birds (H. 47) ; amending the act relating to taking deer by camp- ing parties by authorizing, under $3 permit, camping party of six or not less than four licensed hunters maintaining a camp of at least four persons for not less than seven days to kill one deer for camping purposes (H. 34) ; protecting deer, moose, elk, caribou, beaver, muskrat, pheasant, grouse, partridge, and swan in or within 2 miles of any city public park containing over 200 acres of which 150 acres or more is woodland (S. 173) ; repealing the provisions which prohibited the use of a sneak boat when more than 50 decoys were used and which required decoys to be placed at least 1,000 feet from other decoys (H. 33). Minnesota. One act : Codifying and amending laws relating to fish and game ; increasing term of office of commissioner from 2 to 4 years ; prohibiting hunting within 3 miles of corporate limits of any city having a population of 50,000 or more (Duluth, Minneapolis, and St. Paul) ; increasing from 2 to 3 years the time within which prosecution may be commenced for violation of the game code; increasing from $25 to $50 nonresident or alien license fee to hunt game, and from $10 to $15 to hunt birds; prescribing open season on deer and bull moose from November 15 to December 5 instead of the last 21 days in November ; lengthening the season 2 weeks on quail by opening October 15 in- stead of November 1 ; lengthening the season 1 month on migratory birds, thus making State open seasons coincide with Federal regulations; protecting prairie chicken and sharp-tailed grouse until 1922 ; and making it unlawful to ca rry a gun in a motor vehicle except when taken apart or carried in a case. Missouri. Two acts: Shortening the season one month on wild turkeys- by opening December 1 instead of November 1 ; fixing the open season on woodcock from November 10 to November 30; providing a close season throughout the year on does ; reducing the bag limit on turkeys from 2 to 1 a day, the number in possession from 4 to 2, and prescribing a limit of 4 a season ; providing that 100 56 FARMERS* BULLETIN 1077. petitioning householders may obtain a referendum vote at a general election on the question of a two-year close season on quail in any county; increasing salary of game and fish commissioner from $2,500 to $3.000 per annum ; authoriz- ing employment of office deputy at $2,400 per annum and necessary clerks and stenographers at salaries not exceeding $100 per month ; increasing compensa- tion of deputies from $3 to $4 per day; enacting new license legislation and providing for combination hunting and fishing license, reducing nonresident fee from $25 to $10, and resident fee from $5 to $2.50; providing a separate $3 fishing license for nonresidents and $1 fishing license for residents, and per- mitting aliens to procure nonresident licenses to hunt and fish ; permitting game birds to be raised in captivity and disposed of under regulations of the commis- sion ; appropriating $5,000 out of the game-protection fund to pay a bounty of 50 cents each on eagles, hawks, and horned owls ; apppropriating $100,000 from the game protection fund for the State park fund (S. B. 445) ; abolishing the fish commission and directing the State fish and game commissioner to perform its duties; authorizing the commissioner to maintain a fish and game exhibit annually at the State fair in connection with the State fair board ; and providing that not less than 20 per cent of the receipts of the game department shall be expended annually in the establishment and maintenance of fish hatcheries and the breeding of fish (H. B. 634). Montana. Six acts : Changing the open season on elk by opening the season in a few counties formerly in the list of preserve counties and fixing October 15 instead of October 1 as the earliest open season date (H. 89) ; closing the season until 1921 on deer, sage hen, prairie chicken, and grouse in Roosevelt, Sheridan, and Valley Counties (S. 154) ; providing that game specimens, in- cluding head, hide, scalp, or mounted specimen, may be sold under permit from State warden (H. 174) ; modifying the boundaries of the Gallatin Game Pre- serve (S. 109) ; reducing fee for game breeder's license from $25 to $5; permit- ting a limited number of wild animals and birds to be taken under permit from State warden for propagating purposes but prohibiting sale of progeny of such animals for a period of three years (S. 116) ; providing that all hunting licenses be conspicuously marked to show that they do not permit hunting within the boundaries of any national park in the State (S. 113). Nebraska. acts : Increasing the number of regular deputies from three to six and repealing the provision limiting the appointment of three deputies for four months at various seasons of the year ; increasing protection afforded fur-bearing animals and prescribing trapping licenses, fees, $2 for residents and $10 for nonresidents or aliens; declaring school sections and educational lands with title vested in the State to be game reserves and bird refuges; authorizing commission to establish necessary reserves and refuges for the protection and propagation of game, and sanctuaries for song and insectivorous birds, and providing that a 5-acre tract for each 640 acres of land in a reserva- tion may be planted to grains suitable for food for birds and game. Nevada. No game legislation. New Hampshire. acts : Repealing the special laws on deer in Cheshire, Hillsborough, Rockingham, and Sullivan Counties and prescribing a uniform season from November 15 to December 15 for deer in the State outside of Coos, Carroll, and Grafton Counties ; prescribing a bag limit of 2 deer a season ; reducing from 10 to 5 a day the limit on ruffed grouse and from 50 to 25 each a season on ruffed grouse and woodcock; increasing salary of commissioner from $1,800 to $2,500 per annum; permitting resident soldiers and sailors over 70 years of age to hunt and fish without license. New Jersey. Five acts: Protecting English, or ringneck, pheasants until 1924 (ch. 43) ; changing the season on deer from the last three Thursdays in October GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 57 and the first Thursday in November to the five days beginning December 16 (ch. 45) ; adding Canada geese, ruffed grouse, rabbits, and squirrels to the list of game birds and animals which may be bred in captivity under a $5 breeder's license (ch. 65) ; requiring the marking of automobiles and vehicles owned by the State, but excepting cars used for the enforcement of fish and game laws (ch. 71) ; providing that compensation of head gamekeeper, and of superin- tendent of hatchery shall be fixed by the board of fish and game commissioners in accordance with schedules provided by the State civil-service commission (ch. 141). New Mexico. One act: Revising the fish and game laws generally; estab- lishing a uniform State open season from October 20 to November 5 on deer and turkeys, thus shortening the season on deer 5 days in the northern district and 15 days in the southern, and on turkeys 6 weeks in the northern district to 15 days in the southern ; shortening the season 1 week on quail and approximately 4 months on squirrels; making the open season on doves conform to Federal regulations ; closing the season indefinitely on grouse ; increasing in the sum of $5 the fees for nonresident general and big-game hunting licenses ; increasing the daily bag limit on doves and ducks from 20 to 25; and increasing compensa- tion of deputy wardens from $2 to $3 per day (ch. ). New York. Ten acts : Conforming provisions governing bag limits and pos- session in the State, and the season for migratory birds on Long Island, to the provisions of the Federal regulations (ch. 1) ; repealing the buck law and reduc- ing the limit from two bucks a season to one deer of either sex in the Adiron- dacks (ch. 537) ; authorizing the conservation commission to license and main- tain a register of competent guides for the forest preserve counties and to pre- scribe rules and regulations governing guides (ch. 538) ; increasing the entrance salary of game protectors from $1,000 to $1,200 per annum (ch. 539) ; repealing the special penalties prescribed for taking fish and game from private lands set aside as refuges (ch. 289) ; making it a misdemeanor to damage any bars, gates, or fences or occasion damage by leaving open any bars or gates while hunting on the land of another without permission (ch. 287) ; amending the law relative to importing game, and changing the nature of the offense for loaning, trans- ferring, or altering a license from forgery in the second degree to misdemeanor (ch. 291) ; amending the game breeder's law to include Canada and Hutchins geese (ch. 230) ; adding crow blackbirds to the list of unprotected nongame birds and permitting red-winged blackbirds which are destroying crops to be killed from June 1 to September 30 by the owner or occupant of any lands upon which crops are being grown or by any person in his employ (ch. 258) ; repealing the provisions authorizing action for violation of the conservation law to be brought in any township in a county, and requiring that action be brought before a justice of the peace in the town in which an offense was committed or in an adjoining town (ch. 210). Ohio.* One act : Codifying and amending the game laws generally ; making it unlawful to kill deer ; shortening the season 10 days on ruffed grouse, intro- duced pheasants, and Hungarian partridge, and- permitting only cock pheasants to be taken ; conforming State laws to Federal regulations for protecting migra- tory birds, prescribing daily limits of 3 on ruffed grouse and cock pheasants, 6 on Hungarian partridge, and 35 on sora; reducing the limit on plovers and yellowlegs from 12 each to 15 in all, and increasing the limit on Wilson snipe from 12 to 15 a day ; repealing the provision prohibiting the hunting of water- fowl on Mondays (S. 45). Oklahoma. One act : Increasing salary of State game warden from $1,800 to $2,500 per annum, providing for an assistant game warden and license clerk 58 FARMERS ' BULLETIN 1077. at $1,800, and for a stenographer and bookkeeper at $1,200 in lieu of one stenog- rapher at $900 and one bookkeeper at $1,000. Oregon. Three acts: Repealing the provisions limiting salary of State game warden to $2,400 per annum and the compensation of deputy wardens to $3 per day, and authorizing the board of fish and game commissioners to fix the compensation and expense allowances of its appointees; authorizing commis- sioners to make rules and regulations reasonably required in the administra- tion of their duties; adding cranes, doves, and pigeons to the list of birds de- fined as game birds; protecting wood and eider ducks, the smaller shorebirds, and the migratory nongame birds mentioned in the migratory-bird treaty act; prescribing the months of September and October as the open season on deer west of the Cascades, except in Clatsop, Columbia, Multnomah, and Tilhunook Counties, instead of the two months beginning August 15 ; lengthening the sea- son two weeks on sage hens east of the Cascades by opening July 15 instead of August 1 ; repealing the special season on migratory game birds in Grant, Lake, Harney, and Malheur Counties, and the provision permitting hunting half an hour after sunset, as well as the provision, made obsolete by the migratory- bird treaty act and regulations, permitting the sale of geese killed in Crook, Gilliam, Harney, Morrow, Sherman, Umatilla, and Wasco Counties; prohibiting the shipment of game animals or birds unless a written permit from the com- missioners is attached to the carcass or container ; authorizing the State game warden to establish game refuges on private lands by contracting with owners (ch. 236) ; making a person guilty of a misdemeanor if his dog is found at large running or tracking deer or other game animal in Coos and Curry Counties (ch. 354) ; providing that free licenses issued to pioneer settlers or veterans of Indian and Civil Wars shall be good for life (ch. 364). Pennsylvania. Nine acts : Allowing 10 per cent clerk fees to salaried county treasurers for issuing hunting licenses (S. 141) ; authorizing the purchase of lands for game preserves and appropriating $100.000 for the first year and $50.000 a year thereafter, payable from the resident hunter's license fund, to carry out the purposes of the act (No. ) ; requiring persons of foreign birth to present naturalization papers when applying for resident hunting license (No. 213) ; providing a rebate of 25 per cent of the fine for illegal killing of does or fawns when voluntary acknowledgment of offense is made at once to the proper officer (No. 149) ; governing method of establishing and conducting auxiliary game preserves and enabling commissioners to propagate small game when desirable (H. B. 986) ; amending the county closing act so as to require at least 200 of the petitioners to give the numbers and dates of their hunting licenses (No. ) ; increasing from 60 to 80 the number of game protectors the board is authorized to appoint (No. ) ; removing protection from red squirrels and fixing the open season on blackbirds from August 1 to November 30 (No. 197) ; prescribing the open season on woodcock from October 1 to November 30 (No. ). Rhode Island. No game legislation. South Carolina. One act : Revising and amending the fish and game laws generally; adopting the Federal migratory-bird treaty-act regulations as the law of the State; repealing local laws and providing uniform seasons through- out the State on all species of game; repealing the provision exempting cer- tain counties from the application of the resident license law, thus making it State wide; establishing a close season from March 15 to October 1 on bear, rabbit, and squirrel ; shortening the season one month on quail ; lengthening tlia season two weeks on wild turkey ; reducing the bag limit on quail from 25 to 15 a day and establishing a limit of 20 turkeys a season (ch. ). OK 1919. 59 South Dakota. Four acts: Authorizing the game and fish commission to acquire on behalf of the State public or private property by gift, devise, pur- chase, lease, or condemnation proceedings for the protection and propagation of game, birds, fur-bearing animals, and fish (H. 38) ; protecting fur-bearing ani- mals and prescribing a $25 nonresident trapping license (H. 126) ; providing an open season from September 16 to October 15, instead of September 7 to October 6, on partridge, grouse, and prairie chicken ; conforming State laws for protec- tion of migratory birds to provisions of Federal regulations; increasing the limit on ducks from 15 to 25 a day, and the number of waterfowl allowed in possession from 25 to 50 (H. 163) ; prohibiting the training of bird dogs between April 1 and September 1 (H. 258). Tennessee. Twenty-one acts : Requiring a $2 special license in addition to the regular State license to hunt on Reelfoot Lake (ch. ) ; creating a game and fish preserve in London County (ch. 406) ; local acts relative to game in the following counties: Benton (ch. 16) ; Carter (ch. 22) ; Claiborne (ch. 338) Cocke (chs. 14, 237) ; Franklin (ch. 204) ; Giles (ch. 375) ; Grainger (ch. 460) Greene (ch. 214) ; Hawkins (ch. 194) ; Hickman (ch. 34) ; Knox (ch. 568) Lawrence (ch. 509) ; McNairy (ch. 392) ; Marshall (ch. 457) ; Meigs (ch. 612) Obion (ch. 360) ; Union (ch. 11) ; and Warren (ch. 604). Texas. One act : Revising and amending the game laws generally ; repealing the doe law and permitting deer of either sex to be killed during the open sea- son ; fixing the open season on turkey gobblers as March and April instead of December and January ; protecting prairie chickens or pinnated grouse, pheas- ants, and woodcock until 1924 ; increasing the resident license fee from $1.75 to $2; requiring license for hunting outside of the county of residence and repealing provision permitting hunting without license in counties contiguous to county of residence ; prescribing a special $2 boat license for persons carry- ing parties engaged in hunting; enacting provisions for the protection of mi- gratory birds in conformity with the Federal regulations, and permitting pos- session of game during the open season and the first 10 days thereafter; au- thorizing commissioner to issue permits to kill birds and quadrupeds when nec- essary to protect crops from depredations ; providing for the issuance of scien- tific collecting permits by the commissioner; authorizing appointment of special game commissioners at a maximum salary of $125 per month and expenses (H. 457). Utah. One act: Revising and amending the fish and game laws generally; repealing the $1.25 license to resident citizens and the $6 license to nonresi- dents, and prescribing a $2 license for all citizens of the United States to hunt and fish in Utah, thus abolishing the distinction between resident and nonresi- dent hunters ; governing the breeding and sale of game raised in captivity under a $25 license and tagging system ; permitting 50 game birds and 10 animals to be taken for propagating purposes under permit from commissioner; permitting resident citizens to hunt buck deer during the first 10 days of No- vember; creating the Dixie (Dixie National Forest), Fish Lake (Fish Lake National Forest), Heaston (Oquirrh Mountains), Cache (Cache National For- est), and the Strawberry State game preserves and prohibiting all hunting therein except the hunting of ducks during the months of October and Novem- ber in the Fish Lake preserve; broadening the administrative powers of the commissioner and authorizing deputies without warrant to examine motor cars and trucks in the enforcement of the fish and game laws (ch. ). Vermont. Six acts : Authorizing the commissioner to establish such game refuges raid sanctuaries as are recommended by the United States Bureau of Biological Survey ; repealing the provision limiting the compensation of IMERS* BULLETIN 1077. wardens to $3 per day when not continuously employed for periods longer than two -weeks, and providing for the appointment of six deputy wardens at maximum salaries of $1,000 per annum (No. 181) ; protecting partridge or ruffed grouse until 1921 (No. 183) ; repealing the law protecting does, and changing the deer season from November 10 to November 20 to the week beginning the first Monday in December (No. 184) ; requiring copies of reports of wardens and selectmen on appraisals of damages caused by deer to be delivered to the claimant, who is allowed 10 days in which to appeal ; -reducing from 12 to 6 hours the time within which notice of the killing of a deer in defense of crops must be given to the nearest fish and game warden (No. 185) ; providing for the establishment, around commercial orchards having an area of 10 acres or more, of open zones within which deer may be killed at any time, but providing that no claim for damage by deer to orchards within open zones shall be al- lowed, and requiring that the killing of a deer within an open zone shall be immediately reported to the owner of the orchard and to the nearest fish and game warden (No. 186) ; prescribing a $10 bounty on black bears killed within* the State from May 1 to November 1 (No. 190). Washington. One act: A comprehensive game-breeding law, prescribing a $10 game breeder's license (annual renewal fee, $5) ; permitting the sale of game animals or birds raised in domestication for propagating purposes and, when properly tagged, for food; and permitting dealers and keepers of hotels, restaurants, etc., under a $5 license, to sell propagated game. West Virginia. One act : Protecting deer until 1922, elk until 1927, and wild turkeys until 1921; lengthening the season on rabbits two weeks; increasing fee for nonresident license from $15 to $18, and prescribing a $1 resident State license in lieu of a $3 State license and a county license for which no fee was charged ; decreasing the daily bag limit on squirrels from 12 to 10 and on ruffed grouse from 6 to 5 ; reducing the season limit on squirrels from 100 to 70, on quail from 96 to 60, on ruffed grouse from 25 to 20, and, after 1921, on Wild turkeys from 6 to 5; providing for the expenditure of 20 per cent of the game protection fund in restocking streams of the State with fish ; and limit- ing the payment of bounties on certain species of animals and birds to 10 per cent of the protective fund (ch. ). Wyoming. Three acts : Increasing salary of State game warden from $2,000 to $2,400 per annum, and his expense allowance from $1,500 to $2,000 ; reducing the number of assistant game wardens from seven to five, but increasing their salaries from $1,200 to $1,500 per annum and their allowances for expenses from $500 to $600 per annum; increasing maximum compensation of deputy game wardens from $4 to $5 per day; increasing salary of clerk to game warden from $1,200 to $1,500 per annum ; authorizing bonded assistants and deputy game wardens to administer all oaths required by the provisions of the fish and game laws in addition to oaths administered in connection with issuance of hunting licenses ; fixing September 1 to December 16 as open season on all migratory birds, except rails (not effective as it contravenes provisions of Fed- eral migratory -bird treaty act and regulations) ; shortening the season two weeks on sage hens by opening August 15 instead of August 1, and protecting all other grouse until 1923 ; extending the close term on quail and Mongolian pheasants until 1925 ; reducing the daily bag limit on sage hens from 6 to 4 ; prescrib- ing jail sentence of not less than 30 days or both fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court for illegal killing of game birds; extending the close term on moose and antelope until 1925, and increasing the minimum jail sen- tence for illegal killing of these animals from 30 to 60 days ; closing to elk hunt- ing that portion of the Bridger Forest Reserve on the west slope of the Wind River Mountains between Roaring Fork Creek and Big Sandy River; shorten- GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 61 ing the season on elk two weeks by fixing October 1 to November 30 as the open season, and the season on mountain sheep six weeks by fixing October 15 to November 15 as the open season ; abolishing the special hunting district for big game on the Fall River rim in the Wyoming National Forest, Lincoln County ; reducing the season limit on elk from two to one, and abolishing the special $10 license to residents under which one additional elk was allowed to be taken ; shortening the season two weeks on deer by prescribing the month of November as the open season, and permitting only male deer with horns to be killed ; making clear that a nonresident may not trap bear under the special $10 nonresident bear-hunting license; repealing the provision authorizing issu- ance of hunting licenses to nonresidents or aliens paying $100 taxes in the State for the same fee paid by residents ; providing that not more than three nonresi- dents may hunt big game under one guide ; giving the district courts original concurrent jurisdiction in all game cases (ch. 55) ; modifying the boundaries of the Big Horn State Game Preserve (ch. 83) ; creating the Splitrock Special Game Animal Preserve and protecting moose, elk, antelope, deer, mountain sheep, and mountain goats therein (ch. 71). CANADA. Dominion legislation. One act: Amending the migratory-birds convention act by authorizing the fixing of bag limits on migratory game birds for which an open season is prescribed, the manner ii which they may be taken, and the appliances that may be used therefor ; requiring officers seizing prohibited weapons and appliances or migratory birds or parts thereof taken or possessed contrary to law to deliver them to a justice of the peace, who may confiscate them ; providing for the payment of half of penalties to any prosecutor other than a salaried game officer. One regulation : Making it unlawful to take or molest migratory birds or their nests and eggs on three islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, namely, cliff along the east side of Bonaventure Island ; and the Bird Rocks and Perce Rock Islands ; and within a 1-mile zone surrounding these two. Alberta. One act : Fixing September 1 to October 31 as the open season on sheep and goats instead of September 1 to October 14, and fixing October 1 to November 14 as the open season on grouse and ptarmigan instead of the month of October. British Columbia. One act: Providing that the game conservation board shall consist of not less than five members (ch. 29). New Brunswick. One act : Authorizing the minister to select 400 square miles of wilderness Crown lands as a game refuge (ch. 23). Nova Scotia. One act: Fixing October 16 to October 31 as the open season on deer instead of October 21 to October 31 ; fixing October 1 to November 30 as the open season on bull moose instead of September 16 to November 30; fixing December 1 to February 1 as the open season on hares and rabbits instead of October 1 to April 30. Ontario. One act: Fixing November 5 to November 20 as open season on deer instead of the 15 days beginning November 1 ; reducing the limit on deer from two to one a season ; abolishing the special $5 resident license to hunt caribou outside county of residence. Quebec. One act: Fixing September 1 to November 30 as the open season on shorebirds in districts adjacent to tidewater; permitting the eggs of birds to be taken under permit for scientific and propagating purposes ; and prohibit- ing the export of the skins of moose, caribou, and deer on which the royalty has not been paid. 62 FARMERS BULLETIN Saskatchewan. One act : Establishing an indefinite close season for elk ; continuing absolute protection indefinitely of all grouse except ptarmigan ; prohibiting possession during close season of big game or game birds at or in the vicinity of any camp; making ex-officio game guardians all members of the Provincial police force in lieu of the Royal Northwest Mounted Police (ch. 53). LACEY ACT, REGULATING INTERSTATE COMMERCE IN GAME. Federal laws affecting the shipment of game comprise statutes regulating interstate commerce in game and the importation of birds and mammals from foreign countries, as follows: ACT OF MARCH 4, 1909. (35 Stat., 1137.) The importation of certain injurious animals and birds: permits for foreign wild animals and birds; cage birds, specimens for museums, etc. SEC. 241. The importation into the United States, or any Territory or District thereof, of the mongoose, the so-called " flying foxes," or fruit bats, the English sparrow, the starling, and such other birds and animals as the Secretary of Agriculture may from time to time declare to be injurious to the interests of agriculture or horticulture, is hereby prohibited; and all such birds and animals shall, upon arrival at any port of the United States, be destroyed or returned at the expense of the cwner. No person shall import into the United States or into any Territory or District thereof any foreign wild animal or bird, except under special permit from the Secretary of Agriculture: Pro- Tided, That nothing in this section shall restrict the importation of natural- history specimens for museums or scientific collections, or of certain cage birds, such as domesticated canaries, parrots, or such other birds as the Secre- tary of Agriculture may designate. The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized to make regulations for carrying into effect the provisions of this section. Interstate transportation of animals and birds illegally imported and game killed or shipped in violation of State laws ; transportation of game in season ; feathers of barnyard fowls. SEC. 242. It shall be unlawful for any person to deliver to any common carrier for transportation, or for any common carrier to transport from any State, Territory, or District of the United States to any other State, Territory, or District thereof, any foreign animals or birds the importation of which is prohibited, or the dead bodies or parts thereof of any wild animals or birds, where such animals or birds have been killed or shipped in violation of the laws of the State, Territory, or District in which the same were killed, or from which they were shipped : Provided, That nothing herein shall prevent the transportation of any dead birds or animals killed during the season when the same may be lawfully captured, and the export of which is not prohibited by law in the State, Territory, or District in which the same are captured or killed : Provided further, That nothing herein shall prevent the importation, transportation, or sale of birds or bird plumage manufactured from the feathers of barnyard fowls. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 63 I Marking of packages containing bodies or plumage of game ani- mals or game or other wild birds. SEC. 243. All packages containing the dead bodies, or the plumage, or parts thereof, of game animals, or game or other wild birds, when shipped- in- inter- state or foreign commerce, shall be plainly and clearly marked, so that the name and address of the shipper, and the nature of the contents, may be readily ascertained on an inspection of the outside of such package. Penalty for violations of sections 241 to 244. SKC. 244. For each evasion or violation of any provision of the three sections last preceding, the shipper shall be fined not more than $200; the consignee knowingly receiving such articles so shipped and transported in violation of said sections shall be fined not more than $200; and the carrier knowingly carrying or transporting the same in violation of said sections shall be fined not more than $200. SECTIONS 1 AND 5 ACT OF MAY 25, 1900. (31 Stat., 187-8.) Preservation, distribution, introduction, and restoration of game birds and other wild birds ; collection and publication of information as to propagation, uses, and preservation of such, birds; regulation for carrying out purposes of act. That the duties and powers of the Department of Agriculture are hereby en- larged so as to include the preservation, distribution, introduction, and restora- tion of game birds and other wild birds. The Secretary of Agriculture is here- by authorized to adopt such measures as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this act and to purchase such game birds and other wild birds as may be required therefor, subject, however, to the laws of the various States and Territories. The object and purpose of this act is to aid in the restoration of such birds in those parts of the United States adapted thereto where the same have become scarce or extinct, and also to regulate the introduction of American or foreign birds or animals in localities where they have not hereto- fore existed. The Secretary of Agriculture shall from time to time collect and publish useful information as to the propagation, uses, and preservation of such birds. And the Secretary of Agriculture shall make and publish all needful rules and regulations for carrying out the purposes of this act, and shall expend for said purposes such sums as Congress may appropriate therefor. Bodies of game animals and game and song birds subject to laws of State, etc., into which transported. SEC. 5. That all dead bodies, or parts thereof, of any foreign game animals, or game or song birds, the importation of which is prohibited, or the dead bodies, or parts thereof, of any wild gmne animals, or game or song bird* transported into any State or Territory, or remaining therein for use, consump- tion, sale, or storage therein, shall upon arrival in such State or Territory bo subject to the operation and effect of the laws of such State or Territory enacted in the exercise of its police powers, to the same extent and in the same manner as though such animals or birds had been produced in such State or Territory, and shall not be exempt therefrom by reason of being introduced therein in 64 FAKMERS' BULLETIN 1077. original packages or otherwise. This act shall not prevent the importation, transportation, or sale of birds or bird plumage manufactured from the feathers of barnyard fowl. TARIFF ACT, PROHIBITING IMPORTATION OF PLUMAGE. ACT OF OCTOBER 3, 1913. (38 Stat, 148.) PAR. 347. Feathers and downs, on the skin or otherwise, crude or not dressed, colored, or otherwise advanced or manufactured in any manner, not specially provided for in this section, twenty per centum ad valorem ; when dressed, col- ored, or otherwise advanced or manufactured in any manner, and not suitable for use as millinery ornaments, including quilts of down and manufactures of down, forty per centum ad valorem; artificial or ornamental feathers suitable for use as millinery ornaments, artificial and ornamental fruits, grains, leaves, flowers, and stems or parts thereof, of whatever material composed, not spe- cially provided for in this section, sixty per centum ad valorem ; boas, bouton- nieres, wreaths, and all articles not specially provided for in this section, com- posed wholly or in chief value of any of the feathers, flowers, leaves, or other material herein mentioned, sixty per centum ad valorem: Provided, That the importation of aigrettes, egret plumes or so-called osprey plumes, and the feath- ers, quills, heads, wings, tails, skins, or parts of skins, of wild birds, either raw or manufactured, and not for scientific or educational purposes, is hereby pro- hibited ; but this provision shall not apply to the feathers or plumes of ostriches, or to the feathers or plumes of domestic fowls of any kind. LAW PROTECTING BIRDS AND THEIR EGGS ON FEDERAL BIRD RESERVATIONS. ACT OF MARCH 4, 1909. (35 Stat., 1104.) SEC. 84. Whoever shall hunt, trap, capture, willfully disturb, or kill any bird of any kind whatever, or take the eggs of any such bird, on any lands of the United States which have been set apart or reserved as breeding grounds for birds, by any law, proclamation, or Executive order, except under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of Agriculture may, from time to time, pre- scribe, shall be fined not more than $500, or imprisoned not more than six months, or both. HUNTING ON NATIONAL FORESTS. Regulation T-7a, effective October 1, 1918, of the Regulations of the Forest Service relative to national forest's, provides as follows : The going or being upon any land of the United States, or in or on the waters thereof, within a national forest with intent to hunt, catch, trap, willfully disturb or kill any kind of game animal, game or nongame bird, or fish, or to take the eggs of any such bird, in violation of the laws of the State in which such land or waters are situated, is hereby prohibited. FOR 1910. 65 Regulation G-30 as amended October 1, 1918, authorizes all forest icers to enforce the above regulation and also to cooperate with State or Territorial officials in the enforcement of local laws for the protection of birds, fish, and game. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND GREAT BRIT- AIN FOR THE PROTECTION OF MIGRATORY BIRDS IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA. 1 [39 Stat, 1702.] BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A PROCLAMATION. Whereas a convention between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for the protection of migratory birds in the United States and Canada was concluded and signed by their respective plenipotentiaries at Washington, on the sixteenth day of August, one thousand nine hundred and sixteen, the original of which convention is word for word as follows : Whereas many species of birds in the course of their annual mi- grations traverse certain parts of the United States and the Dominion of Canada; and Whereas many of these species are of great value as a source of food or in destroying insects which are injurious to forests and forage plants on the public domain, as well as to agricultural crops, in both, the United States and Canada, but are nevertheless in danger of ex- termination through lack of adequate protection during the nesting season or while on their way to and from their breeding grounds; The United States of America and His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, being desirous of saving from indiscriminate slaughter and of insuring the preserva- tion of such migratory birds as are either useful to man or are harm- less, have resolved to adopt some uniform system of protection which 1 This treaty was signed on August 10, ratified by the Senate August 29, by the Presi- dent September 1, and by Great Britain October 20 ; ratifications thereof were exchanged December 7, and it was proclaimed by the President December 8, 1916. Canada, by an act of Parliament approved August 29, 1917, gave full effect to this con- vention, and promulgated regulations thereunder May 11, 1918. The Constitution of the United States contains the following provision in regard to treaties : " This, Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursu- ance thereof ; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States shall be the supreme law of the land ; and he judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the constitution or laws of any State to the contrary not- withstanding/' (Art. VI, par. 2.) 66 FARMERS ' BULLETIN 1077. shall effectively accomplish such objects and to the end of concluding a convention for this purpose have appointed as their respective Plenipotentiaries : The President of the United States of America, Robert Lansing, Secretary of State of the United States; and His Britannic Majesty, the Right Honorable Sir Cecil Arthur Spring Rice, G. C. V. O., K. C. M. G., etc., His Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary at Washington; Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers which were found to be in due and proper form, have agreed to and adopted the following articles: ARTICLE I. The High Contracting Powers declare that the migratory birds included in the terms of this Convention shall be as follows: 1. Migratory Game Birds: (a) Anatidae or waterfowl, including brant, wild ducks, geese, and swans. (&) Gruidae or cranes, including little brown, sandhill, and whooping cranes. (c) Rallidae or rails, including coots, gallinules and sora and other rails. (d) Limicolae or shorebirds, including avocets, curlew, dowitchers, godwits, knots, oyster catchers, phalaropes, plovers, sandpipers, snipe, stilts, surf birds, turnstones, willet, woodcock and yellowlegs. (c) Columbidae or pigeons, including doves and wild pigeons. 2. Migratory Insectivorous Birds: Bobolinks, catbirds, chickadees, cuckoos, flickers, flycatchers, grosbeaks, humming birds, kinglets, martins, meadowlarks, nighthawks or bull bats, nut-hatches, orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows, swifts, tanagers, titmice, thrushes, vireos, warblers, wax-wings, whippoorwills, wood- peckers and wrens, and all other perching birds which feed entirely or chiefly on Insects. 3. Other Migratory Nongame Birds : Auks, anklets, bitterns, fulmars, gannets, grebes, guillemots, gulls, herons, jaegers, loons, murres, petrels, puffins, shear- waters, and terns. ARTICLE H. The High Contracting Powers agree that, as an effective means of preserv- ing migratory birds there shall be established the following close seasons during which no hunting shall be done except for scientific or 'propagating purposes under permits issued by proper authorities, 1. The close season on migratory game birds shall be between March 10 and September 1, except that the close season on the Limicolae or shorebirds in the Maritime Provinces of Canada and in those States of the United States border- ing on the Atlantic Ocean which are situated wholly or in part north of Chesa- peake Bay shall be between February 1 and August 15, and that Indians may take at any time scoters for food but not for sale. The season for hunting shall be further restricted to such period not exceeding three and one-half months as the High Contracting Powers may severally deem appropriate and define by law or regulation. 2. The close season on migratory insectivorous birds shall continue throughout the year. GAME LAWS FOR 1&19. 3. The close season on other migratory nongaiue birds shall continue through- out the year, except that Eskimos and Indians may take at any season-auks, auk- lets, guillemots, imirres and puffins, and their eggs, for food and their skins for clothing, but the birds and eggs so taken shall not be sold or offered for sale. ARTICLE III. The High Contracting Powers agree that during the period of ten years next following the going into effect of this Convention, there shall be a continuous close season on the following- migratory game birds, to wit : Band-tailed pigeons, little brown, sandhill and whooping cranes, swans, curlew and all shorebirds (except the black-breasted and golden plover, Wilson or Jack snipe, woodcock, and the greater and lesser yellowlegs) ; provided that during such ten years the close seasons on cranes, swans and curlew in the Province of British Columbia shall be made by the proper authorities of that Province within the general dates and limitations elsewhere prescribed in this con- vention for the respective groups to which these birds belong. ARTICLE IV. The High Contracting Powers agree that special protection shall be given the wood duck and the eider duck either (1) by a close season extending over a period of at least five years, or (2) by the establishment of refuges, or (3) by such other regulations as may be deemed appropriate. ARTICLE V. The taking of nests or eggs of migratory game or insectivorous or nongame birds shall be prohibited, except for scientitic or propagating purposes, under such laws or regulations as the High Contracting Powers may severally deem appropriate. ARTICLE VI. The High Contracting Powers agree that the shipment or export of migratory birds or their eggs from any State or Province, during the continuance of the close season in such State or Province, shall be prohibited except for scientific or propagating purposes, and the international traffic in any birds or eggs at such time captured, killed, taken, or shipped at any time contrary to the laws of the State or Province in which the same were captured, killed, taken, or shipped shall be likewise prohibited. Every package containing migratory birds or any parts thereof or any eggs of migratory birds transported, or offered for transportation from the United States into the Dominion of Canada or from the Dominion of Canada into the United States, shall have the name and address of the shipper and an accurate statement of the contents clearly marked on the outside of such package. ARTICLE VII. Permits to kill any of the above-named birds which, under extraordinary conditions, may become seriously injurious to the agricultural or other interests in any particular community, may be issued by the proper authorities of the High Contracting Powers under suitable regulations prescribed therefor by 68 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. them respectively, but such permits shall lapse, or 'may be canceled, at any time when, in the opinion of said authorities, the particular exigency has passed, and no birds killed under this article shall be shipped, sold, or offered for sale. ARTICLE VIII. The High Contracting Powers agree themselves to take, or propose to their respective appropriate law-making bodies, the necessary measures for insuring the execution of the present Convention. ARTICLE IX. The present Convention shall be ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by His Britannic Majesty. The ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington as .soon as possible and the Convention shall take effect on the date of the exchange of the ratifications. It shall remain in force for fifteen years, and in the event of neither of the High Contracting Powers having given notification, twelve months before the expiration of said period of fifteen years, of its intention of terminating its operation, the Convention shall continue to remain in force for one year and so on from year to year. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention in duplicate and have hereunto affixed their seals. Done at Washington this sixteenth day of August, one thousand nine hundred and sixteen. [SEAL.] ROBERT LANSING. [SEAL.] CECIL, SPRING RICE. And whereas the said Convention has been duly ratified on both parts, and the ratifications of the two Governments were exchanged in the City of Washington, on the seventh day of December, one thousand nine hundred and sixteen ; Now, therefore, be it known that I, Wooclrow Wilson, President of the United States of America, have caused the said Convention to be made public, to the end that the same and every article and clause thereof may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and the citizens thereof. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the City of Washington this eighth day of December in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred and six- [SEAL.] teen, and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and forty-first. WOODROW WILSON. By the President : ROBERT LANSING, Secretary of State. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 69 MIGRATORY-BIRD TREATY ACT. [Approved July 3, 1918. 40 Stat,, 755.] N ACT To give effect to the convention between the United States and Great Britain for the protection of migratory birds concluded at Washington, August sixteenth, nineteen hundred and sixteen, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act shall be known by the short title of the " Migratory Bird Treaty Act." SEC. 2. That unless and except as permitted by regulations made as herein- after provided, it shall be unlawful to hunt, take, capture, kill, attempt to take, capture or kill, possess, offer for sale, sell, offer to purchase, purchase, deliver for shipment, ship, cause to be shipped, deliver for transportation, transport, cause to be transported, carry or cause to be carried by any means what- ever, receive for shipment, transportation or carriage, or export, at any time or in any manner, any migratory bird, included in the terms of the convention between the United States and Great Britain for the protection of migratory birds concluded August sixteenth, nineteen hundred and sixteen, or any part, nest, or egg of any such bird. SEC. 3. That subject to the provisions and in order to carry out the purposes of the convention, the Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed, from time to time, having due regard to the zones of temperature and to the distribution, abundance, economic value, breeding habits, and times and lines of migratory flight of such birds, to determine when, to what extent, if at all, and by what means, it is compatible with the terms of the convention to allow hunting, taking, capture, killing, possession, sale, purchase, shipment, trans- portation, carriage, or export of any such bird, or any part, nest, or egg thereof, and to adopt suitable regulations permitting and governing the same, in ac- cordance with such determinations, which regulations shall become effective when approved by the President. SEC. 4. That it shall be unlawful to ship, transport, or carry, by any means whatever, from one State, Territory, or District to or through another State, Territory, or District, or to or through a foreign country, any bird, or any part, nest, or egg thereof, captured, killed, taken, shipped, transported, or carried at any time contrary to the laws of the State, Territory, or District in which It was captured, killed, or taken, or from which it was shipped, transported, or carried. It shall be unlawful to import any bird, or any part, nest, or egg thereof, captured, killed, taken, shipped, transported, or carried contrary to the laws of any Province of the Dominion of Canada in which the same was captured, killed, or taken, or from which it was shipped, transported, or carried. SEC. 5. That any employee of the Department of Agriculture authorized by the Secretary of Agriculture to enforce the provisions of this act shall have power, without warrant, to arrest any person committing a violation of this act in his presence or view and to take such person immediately for examina- tion or trial before an officer or court of competent jurisdiction ; shall have power to execute any warrant or other process issued by an officer or court of competent jurisdiction for the enforcement of the provisions of this act ; and shall have authority, with a search warrant, to search any place. The several judges of the courts established under the laws of the United States, and United States commissioners may, within their respective jurisdic- tions, upon proper oath or affirmation showing probable cause, issue warrants 70 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. in all such cases. All birds, or parts, ncsr.-;, or egga thereof, captured, killed, taken, shipped, transported, carried, or possessed contrary to the provisions of this act or of any regulations made pursuant thereto shall, when found, be seized by any such employee, or by any marshal or deputy marshal, and upon convic- tion of the offender or upon judgment of a court of the United States that the same were captured, killed, taken, shipped, transported, carried, or possi contrary to the provisions of this act or of any regulation made pursuant thoivto, shall be forfeited to the United States and disposed of as directed by the court having jurisdiction. SEC. 6. That any person, association, partnership, or corporation who shall violate any of the provisions of said convention or of this act, or who sliall violate or fail to comply with any regulation made pursuant 'to this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be lined not more than $500 or be imprisoned not more than six months, or both. SEC. 7. That nothing in this act shall be construed to prevent the several States and Territories from making or enforcing laws or regulations not in- consistent with the provisions of said convention or of this act. or from mak- ing or enforcing laws or regulations which shall give further protection to migratory birds, their nests, and eggs, if such laws or regulations do not ex- tend the open seasons for such birds beyond the dates approved by the Presi- dent in accordance with section three of this act. SEC. 8. That until the adoption and approval, pursuant to section three of this act, of regulations dealing with migratory birds and their nests and eggs, such migratory birds and their nests and eggs as are intended and used exclusively for scientific or propagating purposes may be taken, captured, killed, possessed, sold, purchased, shipped, and transported for such scientific or propagating purposes if and to the extent not in conflict with the laws of the State, Terri- tory, or District in which they are taken, captured, killed, possessed, sold, -or purchased, or in or from which they are shipped or transported if the packages containing the (load bodies or the nests or eggs of such birds when shipped and transported shall be marked on the outside thereof so as accurately and clearly to show the name and address of the shipper and the contents of the package. SEC. 9. That the unexpended balances of any sums appropriated by the agri- cultural appropriation acts for the fiscal years nineteen hundred and seventeen and nineteen hundred and eighteen, for enforcing the provisions of the act approved March fourth, nineteen hundred and thirteen, relating to the protec- tion of migratory game and insectivorous birds, are hereby reappropriated and made available until expended for the expenses of carrying into effect the provisions of this act and regulations made pursuant 'thereto, including the payment of such rent, and the employment of such persons and means, as the Secretary of Agriculture may deem necessary, in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, cooperation with local authorities in the protection of migratory birds, and necessary investigations connected therewith: Provided, That no Verson who is subject to the draft for service in the Army or Navy shall, be exempted or excused from such service by reason of his employment under this act. SEC. 10. That if any clause, sentence, paragraph, or part of this act shall, for any reason, be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in its operation to the clause, sentence, para -ra ph. or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judgment shall have been rendered. SEC. 11. That all acts or parts of acts inconsistent with the provisions of this act are hereby repealed. GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 71 SEC. 12. Nothing in this act shall -be construed to prevent the breeding of migratory game birds on farms and preserves and the sale of birds so bred under proper regulation for the purpose of increasing the food supply. SEC. 13. That this act shall become effective immediately upon its passage and approval. MIGRATORY-BIRD TREATY-ACT REGULATIONS. I As approved and nromulsatpcl by the President, July 81, 1918, and amended October 25, 1918, and July 2S. 1919.] % REGULATION 1. DEFINITIONS OF MIGRATORY BIRDS. Migratory birds, included in the terms of the convention .between the United States and Groat Britain for the protection of migratory Mrds, concluded August 16, 1916, are as follows: 1. Migratory game birds: (<7) Anatidae, or waterfowl, including brant, wild ducks, geese, and swans. (&) Gruidae, or cranes, including little brown, sandhill, and whooping cranes. (c) Ilallidae, or rails, including coot, gallinules, and sora and other rails. (tf) "Limicolae, or shorebirels, including avocets, curlews, dowitchers, god wits, knots, oyster catchers, phalaropes, plovers, sandpipers, snipe, stilts, surf birds, timistones, willet, woodcock, and yellowlegs. (e) Columbidae, or pigeons, including doves and wild pigeons. 2. Migratory insectivorous 'birds: Bobolinks, catbirds, chickadees, cuckoos, flickers, flycatchers, grosbeaks, hummingbirds, kinglets, martins, meadowlarks. nighthawks or 'bull-bats, nuthatches, orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows, swifts, tanagers, titmice, thrushes, vireos, warblers, waxwings, whip-poor-wills, wood- peckers, and wrens, and all other perching birds "which feed entirely or chiefly on insects. 3. Other migratory nongame birds: Auks, anklets, bitterns, fulmars, gannots, grebes, guillemots, gulls, herons, jaegers, loons, murres, petrels, puffins, shear- waters, and terns. REGULATION 2. DEFINITIONS OF TERMS. For rhe purposes of these regulations the following terms shall be construed, respectively, to mean Secretary. The Secretary of Agriculture of the United States. Person. The plural or the singular, ns the case demands, including indi- viduals, associations, partnerships, and corporations, unless the context other- wise requires. Take, The pursuit, hunting, capture, or killing of migratory birds in the manner and by the means specifically permitted. Often season. The time during winch migratory birds may be taken. Transport. Shipping, transporting, carrying, exporting, receiving or deliver- ing for shipment, transportation, carriage, or export. REGULATION 3. MEANS BY WHICH MIGRATORY GAME BIRDS MAY BE TAKEN. The migratory gamo birds specified in .Regulation 4 hereof may be taken dur- ing the open season with a gun only, not larger than number 10 gauge, tired from the shoulder, except as specifically permitted by Regulations 7, S, !-, and 10 hereof; they may be taken during the open season from ihe land and water, 72 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. from a blind or floating device (other than an airplane, powerboat, sailboat, any boat under sail, or any floating device towed by powerboat or sailboat), with the aid of a dog, and the use of decoys. [As amended July 28, 1919.] REGULATION 4. OPEN SEASONS ON AND POSSESSION OF CERTAIN MIGRATORY GAME BIRDS. For the purpose of this regulation, each period of time herein prescribed as mi open season shall be construed to include the first and last days thereof. Waterfowl (except wood duck, eider ducks, and swans), rails, coot, gaUinules, black-bellied and golden plovers, greater and lesser yellowlegs, woodcock, Wil- son snipe or jacksnipe, and mourning and white-winged doves may be taken each day from half an hour before sunrise to sunset during the open seasons prescribed therefor in this regulation, by the means and in the numbers per- mitted by Regulations 3 and 5 hereof, respectively, and when so taken, each species may be possessed any day during the respective open seasons herein pre- scribed therefor and for an additional period of 10 days next succeeding said open season. Waterfowl (except wood duck, eider ducks, and sicans), coot, gallinules, and Wilson snipe or jacksnipe. The open seasons for waterfowl (except wood duck, eider ducks, and swans), coot, gallinules, and Wilson snipe or jacksnipe shall be as follows: In Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, New York (except Long Island), Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana, Michigan, Wis- consin, Illinois, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Ne- braska, Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming; Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and that portion <-f Oregon and Washington lying east of the summit of the Cascade Mountains The open season shall be from September 16 to December 31 ; In Rhode Island, Connecticut, Utah, and that portion of Oregon and Wash- ington, lying west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains the open season shall be from October 1 to January 15 ; In that portion of New York known as Long Island, and in New T Jersey, Dela- ware, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California the open season shall be from October 16 to January 31 ; In Maryland, the District of Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Caro- lina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee. Arkansas, and Louisi- ana the open season shall be from November 1 to January 31 ; and In Alaska the open season shall be from September 1 to December 15. Rails (except coot and gallinules). The open season for sora and other rails (except coot and gallinules) shall be from September 1 to November 30, except as follows : In Louisiana the open season shall be from November 1 to January 31. Black-bellied and golden plovers and greater and lesser yellmclegs. The open reasons for black-bellied and golden plovers and greater and lesser yellowlegs shall be as follows : In Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia the open season shall be from August 16 to November 30 ; In the District of Columbia, North Carolina, South Carolina. Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California, and Alaska the open season shall be from September 1 to December 15 ; In Vermont, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 73 Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and that por- tion of Oregon and Washington lying east of the summit of the Cascade Moun- tains the open season shall be from September 16 to December 31 ; In Utah and in that portion of Oregon and Washington lying west of the summit r>f the Cascade Mountains the open season shall be from October 1 to January 15 ;'and In Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana the open season shall be from November 1 to January 31. Woodcock. The open seasons for woodcock shall be as follows : In Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecti- cut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, North Da- kota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas the open season shall be from October 1 to November 30 ; and In Delaware, Maryland, the District of Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, and Oklahoma the open season shall be from November 1 to December 31. Doves. The open seasons for mourning doves shall be as follows : In Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Illi- nois, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, California, Nevada, Idaho, and Oregon the open season shall be from September 1 to December 15 ; In North Carolina, Mississippi, and Louisiana the open season shall be from September 16 to December 31 ; and In South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama the open season shall be from October 16 to January 31. [As amended October 25, 1918, and July 28, 1919.] REGULATION 5. BAG LIMITS ON CERTAIN MIGRATORY GAME BIRDS. A person may take in any one day during the open seasons prescribed there- for in Regulation 4 not to exceed the following numbers of migratory game birds: Ducks (except wood duck and cider ducks). Twenty-five in the aggregate of all kinds. Geese. Eight in the aggregate of all kinds. Brant. Eight. Rails, coot, and gallinules (except sora). Twenty-five in the aggregate of all kinds. Sora. Fifty. Black-bellied and golden plovers and greater and lesser ycllowlegs. Fifteen in the aggregate of all kinds. Wilson snipe, or jaclcsnipe. Twenty-five. Woodcock. Six. Doves ( mourning ) . Twenty-five. [As amended October 25, 1918, and July 28, 1919.] REGULATION 6. SHIPMENT AND TRANSPORTATION OF CERTAIN MIGRATORY GAME BIRDS. Waterfowl (except wood duck, eider ducks, and swans), rails, coot, gallinules, black-bellied and golden plovers, greater and lesser yellowlegs, woodcock, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, and mourning and white-winged doves and parts thereof legally taken may be transported in or out of the State where taken 74 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. during tlie respective open seasons in tluit State, and may be imported from Camula during the open season in the Province where taken, in any manner, but not more than the number thereof that may be taken in two days by one person under these regulations shall be transported by one person in one calendar week out of the State where taken ; any such migratory game birds or parts thereof in transit during the open season may' continue in transit such additional time immediately succeeding such open season, not to exceed five days, necessary to deliver the same to their destination ; and any package in which migratory game birds or parts thereof are transported shall have the name and address of the shipper and of the consignee and an accurate statement of the numbers and kinds of birds contained therein clearly and conspicuously marked on the outside thereof; but no such birds shall be transported from any State, Territory, or District to or through another State, Territory, or District, or to or through a Province of the Dominion of Canada contrary to the laws of the State, Territory, or District, or Province of the Do- minion of Canada in which they were taken or from which they are trans- ported; nor shall any such birds be transported into any State, Territory, or District from another State, Territory, or District, or from any State, Terri- tory, or District into any Province of the Dominion of Canada at a time when such State, Territory, or District, or Province of the Dominion of Canada prohibits the possession or transportation thereof. [As amended October 25, 1918.] REGULATION 7. TAKING OF CERTAIN MIGRATORY NONGAME BIRDS BY ESKIMOS AND INDIANS IN ALASKA. In Alaska Eskimos and Indians may take for the use of themselves and their immediate families, in any manner and at any time, and possess and transport auks, auklets, guillemots, nmrres, and puffins and their eggs for food, and their skins for clothing. REGULATION 8. PERMITS TO PROPAGATE AND SELL MIGRATORY WATERFOWL. 1. A person may take in any manner and at any time migratory waterfowl and their eggs for propagating purposes when authorized by a permit issued by the Secretary. Waterfowl and their eggs so taken may be possessed by the permittee and may be sold and transported by him for propagating purposes to any person holding a permit issued by the Secretary in accordance with the pro- visions of this regulation. 2. A person authorized by a permit issued by the Secretary may possess, buy, sell, and transport migratory waterfowl and their increase and eggs in any manner and at any time for propagating purposes; and migratory waterfowl, except the birds taken under paragraph 1 of this regulation, so possessed may be killed by him at any time, in any manner, except that they may be killed by shooting only during the open season for waterfowl in the State where taken, and the unplucked carcasses and the plucked carcasses, with heads and feet attached thereto, of the birds so killed may be sold and transported by him in any manner and at any time to any person for actual consumption, or to the keeper of a hotel, restaurant, or boarding house, retail dealer in meat or game, or a club, for sale or service to their patrons, who may possess such car- casses for actual consumption without a permit, but after midnight of March 31, 1919, no migratory waterfowl killed by shooting shall be bought or sold unless each bird before attaining the age of four weeks shall have had removed from the web of one foot a portion thereof in the form of a " V " large enough GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 75 to make a permanent well-defined mark which shall be sufficient to identify them as birds raised in domestication under a permit 3. Any package in which such waterfowl or parts thereof or their eggs are transported shall have plainly and conspicuously marked on the outside thereof the name and address of the permittee, the number of his permit, the name and address of the consignee, and an accurate statement of the number and kinds of birds or eggs contained therein. 4. Applications for permits must be addressed to the Secretary of Agricul- ture, Washington, D. C., and must contain the following information: Name and address of applicant ; place where the business is to be carried on ; number of acres of land used in the business and whether owned or leased by the ap- plicant; number of each species of waterfowl in possession of applicant; names of species and number of birds or eggs of each species if permission is asked to take waterfowl or their eggs ; and the particular locality where it is desired to take such waterfowl or eggs. 5. A person granted a permit under this regulation shall keep books and records which shall correctly set forth the total number of each species of waterfowl and their eggs possessed on the date of application for the permit and on the first clay of January next following; also for the calendar year for which permit was issued the total number of each species reared and killed, number of each species and their eggs sold and transported, manner in which such waterfowl and eggs were transported, name and address of each person from or to whom waterfowl and eggs were purchased or sold, together with number and species and whether sold alive or dead ; and the date of each transaction. A written report correctly setting forth this information shall be furnished the Secretary during the month of January next following the issuance of the permit. 6. A permittee shall at all reasonable hours allow any authorized employee of the United States Department of Agriculture to enter and inspect the prem- ises where operations are being carried on under this regulation and to inspect the books and records of such permittee relating thereto. 7. Permits issued under this regulation shall be valid only during the calen- dar year of issue, shall not be transferable, and may be revoked by the Secre- tary, if the permittee violates any of the provisions of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act or of the regulations thereunder. 8. A person engaged in the propagation of migratory waterfowl on the date on which these regulations become effective will be allowed until September 30, 1918, to apply for the permit required by this regulation, but he shall not take any migratory waterfowl without a permit. [As amended October 25, 1918.] REGULATION 9. PERMITS TO COLLECT MIGRATORY BIRDS FOR SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES. A person may take in any manner and at any time migratory birds and their nests and eggs for scientiiic purposes when authorized by a permit issued by the Secretary, which permit shall be carried on his person when he is collecting specimens thereunder and shall be exhibited to any person requesting to see the same. Application for a permit must be addressed to the Secretary of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., and must contain the following information : Name and ad- dress of applicant and name of State, Territory, or District in which specimens are proposed to be taken and the purpose for which they are intended. Each application shall be accompanied by certificates from two well-known ornithol- ogists that the applicant is a fit person to be intrusted with a permit. 76 FARMERS' BULLETIN 1077. The permit will authorize .the holder thereof to possess, buy, sell, and trans- port in any manner and at any time migratory birds, parts thereof, and their nests and eggs for scientific purposes. Public museums, zoological parks and societies, and public scientific and educational institutions may possess, buy, sell, and transport in any manner and at any time migratory birds and parts thereof, and their nests and eggs for scientific purposes without a permit, but no specimens shall be taken without a permit. The plumage and skins of migratory game birds legally taken may be possessed and transported by a person with- out a permit. A taxidermist when authorized by a permit issued by the Secretary may possess, buy, sell, and transport in any manner and at any time migratory birds and parts thereof legally taken. Permits shall be valid only during the calendar year of issue, shall not be transferable, and shall be revocable in the discretion of the Secretary. A person holding a permit shall report to the Secretary on or before January 10 following its expiration the number of skins, nests, or eggs of each species collected, bought, sold, or transported. Every package in which migratory birds or their nests or eggs are transported shall have clearly and conspicuously marked on the outside thereof the name and address of the sender, the number of the permit in every case when a per- mit is required, the name and address of the consignee, a statement that it contains specimens of birds, their nests, or eggs for scientific purposes, and, whenever such a package is transported or offered for transportation from the Dominion of Canada into the United States or from the United States into the Dominion of Canada, an accurate statement of the contents. [As amended October 25, 1918.] REGULATION 10. PERMITS TO KILL MIGRATORY BIRDS INJURIOUS TO PROPERTY. When information is furnished the Secretary that any species of migratory bird has become, under extraordinary conditions, seriously injurious to agri- culture or other interests in any particular community, an investigation will be made to determine the nature and extent of the injury, whether the birds alleged to be doing the damage should be killed, and, if so, during what times and by what means. Upon his determination an appropriate order will be made. REGULATION 11. SALE OF MIGRATORY GAME BIRDS LAWFULLY HELD IN COLD STORAGE JULY 31, 1918. A person authorized by a permit issued by the Secretary may possess and may sell and transport until midnight of March 31, 1919, the carcasses of migra- tory game birds lawfully killed and by him lawfully held in cold storage on July 31, 1918, to any person for actual consumption, or to the keeper of a hotel, restaurant, or boarding house, retail dealer in meat or game, or a club, for sale or service to their patrons, who may possess such carcasses for actual con- sumption without a permit until midnight of April 5, 1919. [Added by proclamation of October 25, 1918.] REGULATION 12. STATE LAWS FOR THE PROTECTION OF MIGRATORY BIRDS. Nothing in these regulations shall be construed to permit the taking, posses- sion, sale, purchase, or transportation of migratory birds, their nests, and eggs contrary to the laws and regulations of any State, Territory, or District made for the purpose of giving further protection to migratory birds, their nests, and GAME LAWS FOR 1919. 77 eggs when such laws and regulations are not inconsistent with the convention between the United States and 1 Great Britain for the protection of migratory birds concluded August 16, 1916, or the migratory bird treaty act and do not extend the open seasons for such birds beyond the dates prescribed by these regulations. [Added by proclamation of October 25, 1918.] ORDER PERMITTING THE KILLING OF BOBOLINKS, COMMONLY KNOWN AS REEDBIRDS OR RICE BIRDS, WHICH HAVE BECOME SERIOUSLY INJURIOUS TO AGRICUL- TURAL INTERESTS. [Issued January 17, 1919.] Information having been furnished the Secretary of Agriculture that bobo- links, commonly known as reedbirds or rice birds, have become seriously in- jurious to the rice crops in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Flor- ida, and an investigation having been duly and regularly made pursuant to law, and it having been determined by the Secretary of Agriculture that said birds have become, under extraordinary conditions, seriously injurious to the rice crops in said States and that the injuries so inflicted by them can not ade- quately be controlled in the communities immediately affected, and that they should therefore be killed in the manner, during the seasons, and in the States and District hereinafter provided, NOW, THEREFORE, I, D. F. Houston, Secretary of Agriculture, pursuant to authority in me vested by the Migratory-Bird Treaty Act of July 3, 1918, and in conformity with Regulation 10 of the . Migratory -Bird Treaty- Act Regula- tions approved and proclaimed July 31, 1918, do order that until further notice persons may kill by shooting, bobolinks, commonly known as reedbirds or rice birds, from half an hour before sunrise to sunset, from September 1 to Octo- ber 30, inclusive, in the States of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland and the District of Columbia, and from August 16 to November 15, inclusive, in the States of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, but the birds so killed shall not be sold, offered for sale, or shipped for purposes of sale, or be wantonly wasted or destroyed, but they may be used for food purposes by the persons killing them, and they may be transported to hospitals and charitable institutions for use as food. D. F. HOUSTON, Secretary of Agriculture. CANADIAN REGULATIONS UNDER MIGRATORY-BIRDS CONVENTION ACT. 1. In these regulations, unless the context otherwise requires: ( a ) "Migratory game birds " means the following : Anatidae or waterfowl, including brant, wild ducks, geese, and swans ; Gruidse or cranes, including little brown [,] sandhill and whooping cranes; Rallidse or rails, including coots, gallinules, and sora and other rails ; Limicolse or shorebirds, including avocets, curlew, dowitchers, godwits, knots, oyster catchers, phalaropes, plovers, sandpipers, snipe, stilts, surf birds, turnstones, willet, woodcock, and yellowlegs; Columbidse or pigeons, including doves and wild pigeons. 78 FARMERS* BULLETIN 1077. (&) "Migratory insectivorous birds" mc-ans the following: Bobolinks, catbirds, chickadees, cukoos, flickers, fly-catchers, grosbeaks, humming birds, kinglets, martins, meadowlarks, nighthawks or bull bats, nuthatches, orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows, swifts, tanagers, titmice, thrushes, vireos, warblers, waxwings, whippoorwill, woodpeckers, and wrens, and all other perching birds which feed entirely or chiefly on insects. (c) "Migratory nongame birds" means the following: Auks, auklets, bitterns, fulmars, gannets, grebes, guillemots, gulls, herons, jaegers, loons, murres, petrels, puffins, shearwaters, and terns. 2. No person shall kill, capture, injure, take, molest, sell, or offer for sale any migratory game birds during the following periods: Ducks, geese, brant, or rails: In Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Alberta, British Columbia (northern district), Northwest Territories, and Yukon Territory, December 15 to August 31, both days inclusive. In Manitoba, December 1 to September 14, both days inclusive. In Nova Scotia, Saskatchewan, and British Columbia (southeastern district), January 1 to September 14, both days inclusive. In British Columbia (southwestern district), January 15 to September 30, both days inclusive. Shore birds or leaders, including only the following : Woodcock, Wilson or jack snipe, blackbreasted and golden plover, and the greater and lesser yellowlegs. In Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and in the counties of Saguenay, Rimouski, Gaspe, and Bona venture in Quebec: December 1 to August 14, both days inclusive, except that on woodcock and Wilson or jack snipe the closed season in Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick shall be from December 1 to September 14. and in Nova Scotia from December 15 to August 31, both days inclusive. In Quebec, other than the aforementioned maritime counties, Ontario, Al- berta, British Columbia (northern district), Northwest Territories, and Yukon Territory, December 15 to August 31, both days inclusive, except that on woodcock and Wilson or jack snipe the close season in Ontario shall be from November 15 to October 14, both days inclusive. In Manitoba : December 1 to September 14, both days inclusive. . In Saskatchewan and British Columbia (southeastern district) : January 1 to September 14, both days inclusive. In British Columbia (southwestern district) : January 15 to September 30, both days inclusive. Provided, however, That Indians and Eskimos may take scoters or " Siwash ducks " for food' at any time of the year, but. scoters so taken shall not be sold. In this or any other regulation the southern limit of the northern district of British Columbia shall be, west to east, a line running by way of the middle of Dean Channel, Dean River, Entiako River, Nechako River, and the Fraser River from Fort George to Yellowhead Pass; and the line of division between the southeastern and the southwestern districts of British Columbia shall be the summit of the Cascade Range, as defined by the British Columbia interpretation act, Revised Statutes, 1911. 3. The killing, capturing, taking, injuring, or molesting of migratory in- sectivorous birds, their eggs, or nests, is prohibited throughout the year, ex- cept as hereinafter provided. 4. The killing, taking, injuring, capturing or molesting of migratory non- game birds or their eggs or nests, except as herein or hereinafter provided, is GAME LAWS FOR 1011). 70 prohibited throughout the year ; Provided, however, That Indians and Eskimos may take at any season auks, auklets, guillemots, murres, and puffins and their eggs for human food and their skins for clothing, but birds and eggs taken in virtue of this exemption shall not be sold or offered for sale or otherwise traded. f>. A close season shall continue until the 1st day of January, 1928, on the following migratory game birds: Band-tailed pigeons, little brown, sandhill, and whooping cranes, swans, curlew, and all shore birds (except the black- breasted and golden plover, Wilson or jack snipe, woodcock, and the greater and lesser yellowlegs). In the Province of British Columbia during SIK-II period the close season on cranes, swans, and curlew shall be made by the proper authorities of that Province within the general dates and limitations elsewhere prescribed in these regulations for the respective groups to which these birds belong or greater restrictions on the hunting of these birds shall be made should the aforementioned authorities deem such further restriction desirable, as provided by Article III of the convention between His Majesty and the United States of America, scheduled to chapter 18, 7-8 George V. 6. A close season shall continue until the 1st day of January, 1923, on the wood duck and eider duck, except that in the Province of British Columbia the wood duck shall be protected by such special means or regulations as the proper authorities of that Province may deem appropriate, as provided by the conven- tion referred to in clause 5. 7. The taking of the nests or eggs of migratory game, migratory insectivorous or migratory nongame birds is prohibited except as otherwise provided in the regulations. 8. Migratory game, migratory insectivorous or migratory nongame birds or parts thereof or their eggs or nests may be taken, shipped, transported or possessed for scientific or propagating purposes, but only on the issue of a permit by the minister or by any person duly authorized by him. Such a per- mit shall terminate at the end of the calendar year in which it shall have been issued ; it shall not be transferable, and shall be revocable at .the discretion of the minister. Such permits may, upon application, be granted to recognized museums or scientific societies, and to any person furnishing written testimonials from two well-known ornithologists. Applications for permits for propagating purposes shall be accompanied by a statement giving (1) The species of birds or eggs that it is desired to take. (2) The number, (3) The place at which the birds or eggs are to bo takon. Any package in which such migratory game, migratory insectivorous, or migratory nongame birds or parts thereof or their eggs or nests are shipped or transported for scientific or propagating purposes shall be clearly marked on the outside with the number of th