m -t/l 
 
 4717 
 
 ./ 
 
 Ai 
 
 Al 
 
 o ! 
 o ! 
 
 o ; 
 
 4 i 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 ; c 
 
 
 % 
 
 rs 
 
 ,< i .-» 
 
 ; iSv 
 
 
 1 
 
 ■%> 
 
 PAN-PACIFIC UNION 
 
 First 
 Pan-Pacific Press 
 
 i 
 
 HONOLULU, OCTOBER 21, 1921 
 
 Program and Proceeding's 
 
 "it m -.T".Tl 
 
 I ••
 
 v.. 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 PN ' 
 4717 - cif ic 
 
 !fl! 
 
 is 
 
 ..^ ^^ da S 
 
 P19 conference. 
 
 | 
 
 . 
 
 cop. 2 -, , . rt i„-i,. 
 
 Southern Branch 
 
 
 of the 
 
 
 
 University of Californ 
 
 ia 
 
 
 Los Angeles 
 
 
 
 Form L 1 
 
 
 
 1>H 
 
 
 N fl*-'' -r I 
 
 A-W 
 
 
 * 
 
 T^b 
 
 
 
 oc>^. £_ 
 
 
 ><Sv
 
 I 
 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
 MAY 2 1925 
 
 ji
 
 
 
 4) A 5 
 
 ; k - 
 
 2 Z « C 
 •J gX v 41 
 
 ft — "~" 
 
 g ..CJ 
 
 of n 
 
 Eb.BJ< 
 
 > — - . 
 
 i> - - 
 *: « = 
 
 .-35 = 
 
 r — 5j y 
 
 to C >*t i r 
 
 r •- -< U 
 
 .5 « — 
 e "7 •/■: '"' II 
 
 S C . ~ 
 = £ .-■ C . 
 
 u .r i S 
 
 S 2 « u i 
 
 . :- = ■ = 
 S ft _• i ti 
 
 q° S 4) .'_' 
 
 g S s = I 
 
 — — so. 1 : - 
 
 *- ? i< — _ 
 — — ' * V lJ 
 
 5 I 2 < 
 c/J rt si-' >. 
 
 ■ >. G — ^ 
 ■/. u cd ..r= 
 
 C 41 
 
 _S _r 73 S> 
 
 * > u 
 
 M (J U p 
 
 — v ^ 
 
 — W S C 
 
 bo 41 ,5 2 
 
 .£ en 2 
 
 I- c >» c 
 
 s o s c
 
 • 
 
 fj 
 
 • 
 
 
 PAN-PACIFIC UNION 
 
 PROGRAM AND PROCEEDINGS 
 
 First 
 Pan-Pacific Press Conference 
 
 A Regional Section of 
 
 The Press Congress of the World 
 
 i 
 
 HONOLULU, OCTOBER 21, 1921 
 
 Held under the auspices of the 
 Pan-Pacific Union and called by 
 Dr. Walter Williams, President of 
 the Press Congress of the World. 
 
 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 
 
 Alexander Hume Ford . Pan-Pacific Chairman 
 Guy Innes .... Australia, Vice-Chairman 
 
 V. S. McClatchy United States 
 
 K. Sugimura Japan 
 
 Jabin Hsu China 
 
 Mark Cohen New Zealand 
 
 V R. Beteta Latin America 
 
 C. O. Mayrand Canada 
 
 Hin Wang China 
 
 Riley H. Allen Hawaii 
 
 Gregorio Nieva Philippines 
 
 T. Petrie Hongkong 
 
 H. Heung-Wo Cynn Korea 
 
 Dr. Frank F. Bunker Secretary 
 
 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 
 
 of 
 
 Permanent Pan-Pacific Press Conference 
 
 Body 
 
 Elected, October 21, 1921 
 
 Lorrin A. Thurston President 
 
 Proprietor Honolulu Advertiser. 
 Dr. Frank F. Bunker Secretary 
 
 Executive Secretary Pan-Pacific Union. 
 
 Y. Soga .... Editor Nippu Jiji, Honolulu 
 
 "36**5
 
 
 . .- •• :•: :*• '; •*: :": :0 ?'*• 
 : • •: :• /: ..'• " ' 
 
 2 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 THE PAN-PACIFIC UNION 
 
 U ,ui organization representing Governments of Pacific lands, with which are 
 affiliated Chambers of Commerce and kindred bodies, working for the advance- 
 ment oi Pacific States and Communities, and for a greater co-operation among 
 and between the people of all races in Pacific lands. Its central office is in 
 Honolulu at the ocean crossroads. 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Union is incorporated with an International Board of 
 Trustees, representing every race and nation of the Pacific. 
 
 The trustees may be added to or replaced by appointed representatives # of 
 the different countries co-operating in the Pan-Pacific Union. The following 
 are the main objects set forth i.n the charter of the Pan-Pacific Union: 
 
 1. To call in conference delegates from all Pacific peoples for the pur- 
 pose of discussing and furthering the interests common to Pacific nations. 
 
 2. To maintain in Hawaii and other Pacific lands bureaus of information 
 and education concerning matters of interest to the people of the Pacific, and to 
 disseminate to the world information of every kind of progress and opportunity 
 in Pacific lands, and to promote the comfort and interests of all visitors. 
 
 3. To aid and assist those in all Pacific communities to better understand 
 each other, and to work together for the furtherance of the best interests of the 
 land of their adoption, and, through them, to spread abroad about the Pacific 
 the friendly spirit of inter-racial co-operation. 
 
 4. To assist and to aid the different races in lands of the Pacific to co- 
 operate in local fairs, to raise produce, and to create home manufactured goods. 
 
 5. To own real estate, erect buildings needed for housing exhibits ; pro- 
 vided and maintained by the respective local committees. 
 
 6. To maintain a Pan- Pacific Commercial Museum, and Art Gallery. 
 
 7. To create dioramas, gather exhibits, books and other Pan-Pacific 
 material of educational or instructive value. 
 
 8. To promote and conduct a Pan-Pacific Exposition of the handicrafts of 
 the Pacific peoples, of their works of art, and scenic dioramas of the most 
 beautiful bits of Pacific lands, or illustrating great Pacific industries. 
 
 9. To establish and maintain a permanent college and "clearing house" of 
 information (printed and otherwise) concerning the lands, commerce, peoples, 
 and trade opportunities in countries of the Pacific, creating libraries of commer- 
 cial knowledge, and training men in this commercial knowledge of Pacific lands. 
 
 10. To secure the co-operation and support of Federal and State govern- 
 ments, chambers of commerce, city governments, and of individuals. 
 
 11. To enlist for this work of publicity in behalf of Alaska, the Territory 
 of Hawaii, and the Philippines, Federal aid and financial support, as well as 
 similar co-operation and support from all Pacific governments. 
 
 12. To bring all nations and peoples about the Pacific Ocean into closer 
 friendly and commercial contact and relationship. 
 
 TRUSTEES 
 
 President Hon. Wallace K. Farrington, Governor of Hawaii 
 
 Vice-Presidents: Hon. Walter F. Frear, William R. Castle 
 
 F. C. Atherton Chung K. Ai 
 
 rr.usurer F. E. Blake 
 
 Mayor of Honolulu J. H. Wilson 
 
 G I ' . I H-nison G. N. Wilcox J. M. Young Dr. W. T. Brigham 
 
 Vaughan MacCaughey John Guild John C. Lane F. J. Lowrey 
 
 Dr. A. F. Jackson Dr. Iga Mori F. F. Baldwin R.H.Trent 
 
 K. Yamamoto Kit-hard A. Cooke D.H.Hitchcock 
 
 Director Alexander Hume Ford 
 
 Executive Secretary Dr. Frank F. Bunker 
 
 and Consuls in Honolulu from Pacific Countries
 
 I > ' 
 
 tin 
 
 To 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 Page 
 
 Frontispiece 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Organization 2 
 
 Officers Pan-Pacific Day 4 
 
 Delegates Pan-Pacific Press Conference 5 
 
 Program / 
 
 Sketch of program and procedure 9 
 
 Report of committee on resolutions — - 32 
 
 Resolution of thanks to news agencies — 41 
 
 The Executive Committee 42 
 
 Alphabetical Index of Addresses 
 
 ALLEN, RILEY H. Seconding nomination 
 president. 42; Interchange of News in 
 Pacific, 49. 
 
 BETETA, V. R. The Need in Latin Ameri- 
 can Countries, 79. 
 
 BUNKER, FRANK F. The Pan-Pacific Con- 
 gress, 84. 
 
 COHEN, HON. MARK. The Pan-Pacific 
 Press Conference. 20; Discussion, Reso- 
 lution, No. 2, 37. 
 
 DAVIDSON, J. E. Journalism in Australia, 
 71. 
 
 FARRINGTON, HON. WALLACE R. The 
 Meaning of Pan-Pacific Union, 11. 
 
 FORD, ALEXANDER HUME. Why a Per- 
 manent Pan-Pacific Conference Body, 17; 
 Closing Words, 94; Introduction of M. 
 Zumoto, Chairman Morning Session, 16. 
 
 HSU, JABIN. A Message From Chinese 
 Press, 65. 
 
 INNES, GUY. A Pacific Understanding, 26; 
 Nominating Secretary, 42. 
 
 KESSEL, HON. G. H. Greetings from Aus- 
 tralia, 14. 
 
 KIM, D. S. The Newspaper in Korea, 69. 
 
 LAWSON, COL. Discussion, Resolution, 
 No. 2, 39. 
 
 MAYRAND, OSWALD. The Pan-Pacific 
 Union and the Canadian Press, 60. 
 
 McCLATCHY, V. S. Reply to Introduction 
 Secretary Morning Session, 16; Discus- 
 sion, Resolution No. 2, 39; Nomination 
 President, 42; Trans-Pacific News Com- 
 munication, 46. 
 
 NIEVA, GREGORIO. The New Pacific, 30. 
 
 PETRI E, T. Nominating Member Executive 
 Committee, 43; Pan-Pacific Cable News 
 Service, 44. 
 
 SOGA, Y. Japanese Press in Hawaii, 62. 
 
 STEAD, HENRY. The Press and Peace in 
 the Pacific, 23. 
 
 THURSTON, LORRIN A. Report Commit- 
 tee on Resolutions, 32; Discussion Reso- 
 lution No. 2, 38; Field Service for Pan- 
 Pacific Press Conference, 53. 
 
 TONG, HOLLINGTON K. Open Diplomacy, 
 Hope of Pacific Press, 57. 
 
 WANG, K. P. Getting News In and Out of 
 China, 88. 
 
 WEN, HON. S. T. Greetings from China, 12. 
 
 WILLIAMS, DEAN WALTER. The Pan- 
 Pacific Conference, 13; A Pan-Pacific 
 School of Journalism, 82. 
 
 YAMAGATA, I. Journalism in Korea, 67. 
 
 ZUMOTO, M. Reply to Introduction as 
 Chairman Morning Session, 16.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 PAN-PACIFIC DAY— PROGRAM 
 
 Friday, October 21, 1921 
 
 ram. 
 m. 
 
 Honorary Chairman, Dean Walter Will, an,.. President 
 IVess Congress of the World. 
 
 Alexander Hume Ford, Chairman Conference Prog 
 Mrs. F. M. Swanzy, Chairman Entertainment Progra 
 Dr. Frank F. Bunker, Secretary of the Conference. 
 
 M Zumoto, Chairman Morning Session. 
 A. S. McClatchy, Secretary Morning Session. 
 Hollington K. Tong, Chairman Afternoon Session 
 Hon. Mark Cohen. Secretary Afternoon Session. 
 
 Resolutions Committee 
 
 L. A. Thurston Hawaii 
 
 Guy II. Innes Australasia 
 
 T - M. Wang china 
 
 1 . Petrie Hongkong 
 
 Gregorio Nieva Philippines 
 
 •Mrs. M. Evans British Columbia 
 
 Dr. Frank F. (Junker America 
 
 T. Sugimura j apan 
 
 V. R. Beteta Latin America 
 
 Agenda Committee Recommendations Committee 
 
 V a s M°cCb , , N T- rf and Guy H " Innes Australia 
 
 " : ' lEtCh5 ( ahf0rnia Mn Snell Associated Press 
 
 J MZv^oU China HoIH ^ to " K - T on g China 
 
 R.' H. AllenlZ Hawaii l' ^ ric U ™Z k ™g 
 
 r S Mnvr-.nl -Hawaii Y. Soga Hawaii-Japan 
 
 L - b " Ma > r <i"(l Canada Hin Wone ru 
 
 H A Davip n ,- vvun S China 
 
 -Australia H. W. Patten Washington State
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 5 
 
 Delegates Invited to Participate in 
 
 THE FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE 
 
 As a Regional Section of the 
 
 PRESS CONGRESS OF THE WORLD 
 
 All of the delegates to the Press Congress of the world are expected to 
 attend this Regional Section, and to take part in the general discussions. Only 
 the delegates from Pacific lands, however, will be expected to vote at the 
 business session. 
 
 Hon. Wallace R. Farrington, Governor of Hawaii, President of the Pan- 
 Pacific Union and representing the President of the United States at the 
 conference. 
 
 Dean Walter Williams, President of the Press Congress of the World. 
 
 Henry Stead, editor of "Stead's Review," Melbourne, Australia. 
 
 Hollington K. Tong, "Millard's Review," Shanghai, and "The North China 
 Star," Tientsin. 
 
 M. Zumoto, editor "Herald of Asia," Tokyo, Japan. 
 
 Hon. Mark Cohen, fifty years an editor in New Zealand, and now a member 
 of the upper house of parliament. 
 
 Gregorio Nieva, editor "Philippines Review," Manila, P. I. 
 
 V. S. McClatchy, editor "Sacramento Bee," California. 
 
 T. Petrie, editor "South China Morning Post," Hongkong. 
 
 I. Yamagata, editor "Seoul Press," Korea. 
 
 Charles Oswald Mayrand, editor "La Presse," Montreal, Canada. 
 
 Virgilio Rodriguez Beteta, The Press Association of Central America. 
 
 K. Sugimura, editor "Tokio Asahi." 
 
 Henry B. Schwartz, "The Far East." 
 
 W. Easton, "Otago Daily Times," Dunedin, N. Z. 
 
 W. McCullough, editor "Thames," New Zealand. 
 
 C. S. Smith, chairman. New Zealand Press Association. 
 
 Wm. R. Kettle, "Greymouth Star," New Zealand. 
 
 Sam B. Trissel, editor "Honolulu Advertiser." 
 
 John Snell, Associated Press, Honolulu. 
 
 Dr. Frank F. Bunker, editor "J apanese- American Review." 
 
 Dr. T. Harada, editor. "Japanese-American Review."
 
 6 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Major H. W. Patten, "Hoaquim," Washington State Press Association. 
 
 Riley H. Allen, editor "Honolulu Star-Bulletin." 
 
 Lorrin A. Thurston, proprietor "Honolulu Advertiser." 
 
 Alexander Hume Ford, editor "Mid-Pacific Magazine." 
 
 Y. Soga, editor "Nippu Jiji," Honolulu. 
 
 F. J. Cody, editor "Posl Herald," Hilo, Hawaii. 
 
 K. P. Wang, "The Shun I'ao." Shanghai, China. 
 
 Jabin Hsu. Chinese Newspaper Association of Shanghai, and "China Press." 
 
 T. M. Wang, "Shanghai Press." 
 
 ( ruy Innes, associate editor "The Herald," Melbourne. 
 
 W. J. Kirkup, "Stead's Review," Melbourne, Australia. 
 
 H. A. Davies, president "Australia Journalists Association." 
 
 J. E. Davidson, managing director "The Barrier Miner," Broken Hill, 
 Australia ; first president Australian Journalists Association. 
 
 Andrew Dunn, Queensland Press Association, Australia. 
 
 f. II. Kessell, Brisbane Press Association, Australia. 
 
 A. L. Wilson, proprietor "Auckland Morning Herald," New Zeland. 
 
 H. J. Clark, Santa Monica, California. 
 
 S. E. DeRacken, editor "Outlook," California. 
 
 Harry Isles, "Southwest Builder and Contractor," Los Angeles, California. 
 
 Frank Kearn, "Worth While Magazine," Los Angeles, California. 
 
 Miss Lillian McKeown, "Sun and Telegram," San Bernardino, California. 
 
 Mrs. Anna Blake Mezquida, "Examiner," San Francisco, California. 
 
 F. U. Johnson, "Hermoso Daily Press," California. 
 
 Mi^s Ada M. Temple, "The Republican," Mountain Home, Idaho. 
 
 Miss Margaret Evans, Victoria, B. C. 
 
 Miss W. V. Johnston, "Manhatten Leach News," California. 
 
 Mrs. Georgina S. Townsend, President of the Southern California Woman's 
 Press Club, Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 Kim Dong-Sung, "Dona — a Daily," Seoul, Korea. 
 
 Min Wang, Canton Press Association, China. 
 
 P. Y. Chien, "Social Welfare Daily," Tientsin. China. 
 
 Dan Logan, Representing National Magazine and Hawaiian Press. 
 
 Miss M. Eugenie Perry, Canadian Women's Press Club. 
 
 Howard Case, Publicity Agent Press Congress of the World. 
 
 Will Sabin, Official Reporter of the Pan-Pacific Press Conference. 
 
 Henry Chung, "New Korea," San Francisco, California.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Program of the First Pan-Pacific Press Conference 
 Honolulu, October 21, 1921 
 
 Morning Session at 9 A. M. 
 
 1. Reception on the steps of the Capitol to the Delegates to the First Pan- 
 Pacific Press Conference by the Governor of Hawaii, the Trustees of the 
 Pan-Pacific Union, the General of the Army and the Admiral of the Navy. 
 
 2. Pageant and presentation of the flags of the fifty states and territories of 
 the United States by the sons and daughters of the various states, followed 
 by the presentation of the flags of Pacific Nations by their sons and 
 daughters in Hawaii. 
 
 Adjournment to the Throne Room. 
 
 3. Address of welcome to the delegates by Hon. Wallace R. Farrington, 
 Governor of Hawaii and President of the Pan-Pacific Union. 
 
 4. The Conference is turned over to the delegates by Dean Walter Williams. 
 President of the Press Congress of the World. 
 
 5. Address by Alexander Hume Ford, Director of the Pan-Pacific Union, 
 "Why a Permanent Pan-Pacific Press Conference Body?" 
 
 6. Paper from Henry Stead, Editor "Stead's Review," Melbourne, Australia, 
 "Peace and the Press of the Pacific." 
 
 7. Paper by T. Petrie, Editor, "South China Morning Post," Hongkong, 
 "Pan-Pacific Cable News Service." 
 
 8. Paper by Hollington K. Tong, "Millard's Review," Shanghai, and "North 
 China Star," Tientsin. 
 
 "Open Diplomacy, the Hope of the Pacific Press." 
 
 9. Paper by Riley H. Allen, Editor, "Star-Bulletin," Honolulu, Hawaii. 
 "The Inter-communication Problems of the Pacific." 
 
 10. Paper by Gregorio Nieva, Editor, "Philippines Review," Manila, P. I. 
 "A Pacific Understanding." 
 
 11. Paper by Guy Innes, Associate Editor, "The Herald," Melbourne, Austra- 
 "The New Pacific." 
 
 lia. 
 
 12. Paper by V. S. McClatchy, Editor, "Sacramento Bee," California Direc- 
 tor Associated Press. 
 
 "World News Service to Pacific Lands." 
 
 13. Paper by Virgilio Rodriguez Beteta, Press Association of Central America. 
 "The Press of Latin America." 
 
 14. Paper by Hon. Mark Cohen, fifty years editor in New Zealand, and mem- 
 ber of the upper house of Parliament. 
 
 "The New Zealand Press of the Pacific World." 
 
 15. Paper by Matsadu Zumoto, Editor, "Herald of Asia," Tokyo, Japan. 
 "Problems of Japanese Journalism." 
 
 16. General Discussion. 
 Recess. 
 
 r
 
 S FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 ( )n adjournment ;it noon the delegates will be entertained by Trustees of 
 the Pan-Pacific Union and their friends at luncheon, who will escort them back 
 to the Executive building. 
 
 Afternoon Session at 2 P. M. 
 
 In the throne room of the Capitol building. 
 
 1. Paper by Dean Walter Williams, president of the Press Congress of the 
 World. 
 
 "The Need of a Pan-Pacific School of Journalism." 
 
 2. Paper by Lorrin A. Thurston, editor, "Honolulu Advertiser." 
 "Journalism at the Cross Roads of the Pacific." 
 
 3. Paper by Charles Oswald Mayrand, editor. "La Presse," Montreal, 
 Canada. 
 
 "Canadian Journalism." 
 
 4. Paper by Herbert Arthur Davies, president Australian Journalists Asso- 
 ciation. 
 
 "Journalists Union in Australasia." 
 
 5. Paper by I. Yamagata, editor, "Seoul Press." 
 "Journalism in Korea." 
 
 6. Paper by Major H. W. Patten, Washington State Press Association. 
 "The Pacific Coast and the News from Pacific Lands." 
 
 7. Paper by Jabin Hsu, Association of Chinese Newspapers, Shanghai. 
 "Getting the News Into and Out of China." 
 
 8. Paper by Y. Soga, editor "Nippu Jiji," Honolulu. 
 "The Japanese Press in Hawaii. 
 
 9. Paper by H. P. Wang, "The Shun Pao." Shanghai, China. 
 "A Message from the Press of China." 
 
 10. Paper by Dr. Frank F. Bunker, secretary Pan-Pacific Union, editor "Japan- 
 
 \ineriea Review." 
 
 "How Hawaii at the Crossroads Station May Serve the Press of the 
 Pacific." 
 
 1 1 . Discussion. 
 
 Recess and adjournment to grounds of the Old Mission. 
 
 The delegates will adjourn to the old Mission building, where an afternoon 
 tea will be served, and an Hawaiian entertainment provided. 
 Business session at Mission Memorial Hall. 
 Adoption of resolutions and business session during the dinner hour. 
 
 Adjournment 
 
 At the close ot thr business session an entertainment, prepared l>v the 
 different Pacific races in Hawaii, will be presented. In the Mission Memorial 
 hall there will be an exhibit of Latin-American and Pan-American newspapers 
 and magazines. In the Library of Hawaii building a free exhibit of moving 
 pictures of Pacific lands. The buildings all practically adjoin one another.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Sketch of Program and Procedure 
 
 At nine o'clock on the morning of 
 ( )ctober 21, 1921, Governor of Hawaii, 
 as the President of the Pan-Pacific 
 Union, the General of the Army, and 
 the Admiral of the Navy, together with 
 the trustees of the Pan-Pacific Union, 
 gathered on the steps of the Capitol 
 building to receive the delegates to the 
 first Pan-Pacific Press Conference, and 
 with them to review the pageant of the 
 states and countries of the Pacific, com- 
 prising children of each state and coun- 
 try who presented the flag of each. 
 
 There were fifty groups of children 
 from the States and Territories of the 
 United States, each marching behind 
 the state flag, each in the colors and 
 bearing the floral emblem of his state. 
 These were led by a detachment from 
 the Army carrying the national colors. 
 
 The groups from Pacific lands in 
 their national dress were headed by a 
 detachment from the United States 
 Navy, carrying the colors, and con- 
 cluding with the Filipino section escort- 
 ing an historic silken flag of the 
 Philippines which was presented to 
 ( Governor Farrington as head of the 
 Pan-Pacific Union. 
 
 At the conclusion of the pageant, 
 Governor Farrington led the way into 
 the throne room of the old Iolani 
 Palace of the ancient Hawaiian mon- 
 archy, now the Executive Building of 
 the Territory. * 
 
 After a brief address of welcome, 
 ( rovernor Farrington introduced a dis- 
 tinguished visitor, Hon. S. T. Wen, 
 Commissioner of Foreign Affairs, Nan- 
 king, China, who is on his way to the 
 Washington conference on limitation of 
 armament. 
 
 Governor Farrington then turned the 
 meeting over to the chairman of the 
 Executive Committee having the pro- 
 gram for the day in hand, Mr. Alexan- 
 der Hume Ford. 
 
 After a brief address, Mr. Ford called 
 upon Mr. M. Zumoto of Japan to pre- 
 side at the morning session and Mr. 
 Hollington K. Tong of China to pre- 
 side at the afternoon session. 
 
 Upon the recommendation of the 
 Agenda Committee, the conference 
 entered at once upon the chief busi- 
 ness of the day, the adoption of a plan 
 of organization and the consideration 
 and adoption of resolutions proposed. 
 Upon the completion of this business 
 the remaining time was given over to 
 the presentation of addresses. 
 
 At the Mission Buildings 
 
 Upon the adjournment of the sessions 
 of the Pan-Pacific Press Conference at 
 4 p. m., a number of Hawaiian Girl 
 Scouts met the delegates in the balcony 
 of the Executive Building and escorted 
 them across the palace grounds to the 
 old Mission buildings where afternoon 
 tea was served and an interesting Ha- 
 waiian entertainment staged. 
 
 In this group of buildings is the old 
 Kawaiahau Church, built in the early 
 misionary days of blocks of coral 
 brought from the reef on the shoulders 
 of the native Hawaiian builders. In 
 the surrounding graveyard early mis- 
 sionaries and Hawaiian kings lie side by 
 side. Adjoining is the group of coral 
 mission buildings erected a hundred and 
 one years ago, and the first frame house 
 erected in Hawaii, brought around Cape 
 Horn in sailing vessels from Boston. 
 In these houses the parents and grand-
 
 10 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 parents of many of those who are now 
 leaders in I [awaii were born. 
 
 In one of the buildings, in ( Ictober, 
 1821, a century ago, was housed the 
 first printing press west of the Rockies. 
 A reproduction of this press was made 
 from the original now in the Museum 
 of the Commercial Club in Portland, 
 ron, and descendants of Hawaiian 
 chiefs in their ancient feather robes re- 
 enacted in Hawaii the tableau of the 
 printing of the first leaflets from a real 
 printing press in Pacific lands. 
 
 Across the street in the Mission 
 Memorial building, erected to com- 
 ni'-morate the centenary of the landing 
 of the missionaries in Hawaii, was dis- 
 played an exhibit of the newspapers 
 and magazines from Pacific lamb, espe- 
 cially thos C from Latin America. In 
 the Public Library building nearby was 
 exhibited motion films depicting life in 
 the lands about the Pacific. 
 
 The activities of Pan-Pacific Da) 
 drew to a close at dusk, but the Execu- 
 tive Committee, elected for that pur- 
 pose by the 1 'an- Pacific Press Confer- 
 ence, will now take up with the Pan 
 Pacific Union the work of keeping alive. 
 active, and ever progressing, the plans 
 for a permanent organized bod) oi jour- 
 nalist- from Pacific lands who will meet 
 in conference from time to time to 
 establish closer cooperative methods in 
 the gathering of news and its dissemi- 
 nation among the countries of the Pa 
 cific and of the world, to the end that 
 the peoples of the greal ocean may 
 know and trUSl each other more and 
 more reaching finally a complete and 
 thorough understanding. 
 
 Active Work Already Begun 
 
 Already, as this volume of proceed- 
 ies to press, President Thurston 
 has begun constructive work by inviting 
 tin' newly elected executive committee 
 of the Pan-Pacific Congress to meet 
 with Dean Williams, President of the 
 World's Press Congress,; Alexander 
 Hume Ford, Director of the Pan-Pacific 
 Union, and a number of the representa- 
 tive delegates from Pan-Pacific coun- 
 tries. In this initial meeting it was 
 agreed that the first and most important 
 step for the Pan- Pacific Press Congress 
 to undertake was that of making a care- 
 ful stud) of the facts with respect to 
 the securing and transmission of news 
 in the several countries in the Pacific 
 region, ami to that end it was recom- 
 mended that the Director and Executive 
 Secretary of the Pan-Pacific Union be 
 detailed to make this investigation as 
 soon as practicable and compile the 
 facts. It was further generally agreed 
 that after the facts had been obtained, 
 that the organization would then be in 
 a position intelligently to determine 
 what practical steps should be taken to 
 secure unobstructed channels of com- 
 munication among the several Pacific 
 countries. 
 
 Inasmuch as the Director of the Pan- 
 Paeilic I'nion and a quorum of the 
 trustees of the Union will be in Wash- 
 ington during the Disarmament confer- 
 ence, il was suggested that an effort be 
 made to have a meeting of journalists 
 held at that point for the further dis- 
 cussion of matters of particular interest 
 in the field of Pacific journalism.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 11 
 
 The Meaning of the Pan-Pacific Union 
 
 Hon. Wallace R. Farrington 
 
 Governor of Hawaii 
 
 It is my privilege to call you to order 
 this morning in the capacity of Presi- 
 dent of the Pan-Pacific Union. 
 
 I think that you have had a demon- 
 stration this morning, on the front steps 
 of the Capitol, of what the Pan-Pacific 
 Union means, and you had an expres- 
 sion there of its mission in this part 
 of the world. People have asked some- 
 times "What is the Pan-Pacific Union?" 
 The answer is found in the union of 
 nationalities— races — on this ocean on, 
 one is pleased to think, somewhat simi- 
 lar lines as the great Union of States 
 to which we belong. Sometimes people 
 ask how it is possible to maintain inde- 
 pendence while in a union which main- 
 tains a reasonable degree of equality 
 among its members. To one who has 
 been born and brought up in the great 
 union of 48 empires which marched be- 
 fore you this morning, that does not 
 seem difficult. We here at this cross- 
 roads of the Pacific have not found it 
 difficult to assemble the people of every 
 racial group and of every nation on 
 friendly terms. The Pan-Pacific Union 
 is an agent for a better understanding 
 in this part of the world, and we feel 
 that by establishing friendship in the 
 area of our activities, we shall help 
 spread that spirit abroad throughout 
 the world more rapidly. 
 
 We are pleased to think of Hawaii 
 as the friendly outpost of a friendly 
 nation, and the Pan-Pacific Union finds 
 here a medium for its activities which 
 is entirely friendly, and thus far in its 
 work it has found that the friendly at- 
 mosphere which it endeavors to create 
 has been a very favorable medium in 
 which to discuss the problems that are 
 of mutual interest. I have come to dis- 
 like the word "problem," because that 
 indicates difficulties. We can discuss 
 also a problem indicating difference of 
 opinion. We can also discuss the 
 pleasantries of life. We can find 
 pleasant things on which we can go for- 
 ward on a common plan. 
 
 It is quite natural that the closing 
 hours of the Press Congress of the 
 World should devote a portion of its 
 time especially to the Pan-Pacific sec- 
 tion. People from all parts of the 
 world come to us here, and they some- 
 times drop in on us unexpectedly and 
 find here, as you delegates have found, 
 a fair haven. 
 
 We are especially honored this morn- 
 ing in having with us an unexpected and 
 very welcome guest in the person of 
 Hon. S. T. Wen, Commissioner of For- 
 eign Affairs, from Nanking, who is on his 
 way to the great meeting of nations in 
 Washington. I am pleased to present to 
 you, Hon. S. T. Wen.
 
 12 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Greetings from China 
 
 Hon. S. T. Wen, 
 
 Commissioner of Foreign Affairs 
 
 Nanking, China. 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen: It is a great 
 pleasure for me to be invited b) the < rt)V- 
 ernor to address you. It is also a distinct 
 pleasure to inert im old friend, Mr. Ford, 
 who started the first Pan-Pacific Union 
 in Changhai, an organization oi which 1 
 feel very much honored to he a member. 
 I was very much interested this morn- 
 ing, when 1 observed the great ceremony 
 which you held, and the wonderful 
 demonstration in which so many p?onle 
 .if Mich different races met together and 
 worked together like one family — like 
 brothers. It was really wonderful and 
 has impressed me very much indeed. 
 
 1 remember when Mr. Ford brought 
 a Congressional part) to visit China last 
 \«ar. Now we are going to America 
 and will have an opportunity to meet all 
 our friends in America. We have had 
 a thorough talk with them. We under- 
 stand each other. It was then that I 
 began to realize that if people would 
 take more pains t (1 exchange their views 
 and have a clear understanding as to 
 their positions there would be more 
 good fellowship. I think it is due to 
 the great effort of Mr. Ford who 
 broughl a large party to China, thai 
 we are now taking a large party to 
 
 America — not quite as large as the Con-; 
 gressional part)- of last year. We be- 
 gan to increase our correspondents and 
 began to learn more, and so we could 
 give more information to our people at 
 home. As ni)- boat is going to leave 
 this noon, my time is very short. , It 
 simply gives me the opportunity to ex- 
 press our great sympathy and also con- 
 vey our congratulations for the com- 
 plete and personal success of your great 
 Congress. I meet many different people 
 in a fairyland like Hawaii here, and I 
 take the opportunity to say goodbye to 
 them and to all my friends who are 
 present today. (Applause.) 
 
 Governor Fakkington: It now be- 
 comes my pleasant duty to turn this con- 
 ference over to the wheel horse of the or- 
 ganization, Mr. Alexander Hume Ford. 
 
 Alexander Hume Ford: Kindred 
 Spirits: It is a great pleasure to follow 
 the Governor who has succeeded on this 
 throne our kings of the past. and. as 
 we are getting right down to business, 
 I am going to call on our Honorary 
 President of the Pan-Pacific Tress Con- 
 gress and the Perpetual and Life Presi- 
 dent of the Tress Congress of the 
 World. Mean Williams. (Applause.)
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 13 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Conference 
 
 Dean Walter Williams, 
 President Press Congress of the World 
 
 The duty that lias been asked of me is 
 a very pleasant one, and one that I can 
 pefonn in a very brief and simple way. 
 It is to express the interest of the parent 
 in its child. It is to speak on behalf of 
 the Press Congress of the World a word 
 of appreciation to the Pan-Pacific Union 
 for permitting the organization here in 
 beautiful Honolulu of the first original 
 section of the departmental group of 
 the World's Press Congress — viz, a 
 Pan-Pacific Press Conference. 
 
 We have witnessed this morning a 
 glowing ceremonial, mingling the 
 strength, beauty, grace and harmony 
 that exist among Pan-Pacific people, 
 and the object of the Pan-Pacific Union, 
 I think, and certainly the object of the 
 Pan-Pacific Press Conference is to per- 
 mit each of these peoples and nationali- 
 ties to grow to the fullest extent of 
 their own individual grace and beauty 
 and power without interfering in any 
 way with the growth and the beauty 
 and the grace and the power of the 
 other nations and peoples represented in 
 the Pan-Pacific lands. Jut as the indi- 
 viduals in a community are encouraged 
 to make the most of themselves, so 
 long as the making of the most of 
 themselves permits others to make the 
 most of themselves, so each community 
 reaches its highest results. 
 
 Democracy Defined 
 
 We have heard much about democ- 
 racy in these last few years. The finest 
 definition of a democracy that I know 
 was given by a Frenchman, Pasteur, a 
 tanner's son. (I have some sympathy 
 with the son of a tanner.) He said that 
 
 democracy meant to him, giving or per- 
 mitting each individual to have the op- 
 portunity of putting forth his maximum 
 effort. And democracy in the best 
 sense, whatever governmental system it 
 may grow up under, seeks to give to 
 each race and nationality and individual, 
 in its own way, and without interference 
 from others, and not interfering with 
 others, an opportunity for such self- 
 expression, such individual growth, as 
 will best serve not only itself but all 
 the world as well. 
 
 There is no room for conflict if pro- 
 gress is to be carried forward to its ut- 
 most. The only conflict and clash 
 should be the clash and conflict of opin- 
 ions and ideas seeking to promote that 
 which is best for all. We are not the 
 less servants of our national ambitions 
 if we at the same time recognize that 
 others have national ambitions equally 
 worthy of consideration as our own, 
 and as long as our national ambitions 
 clash not with those of other nations 
 and people they are properly to be ad- 
 vanced and promoted in every way, in 
 every legitimate way, and now, Mr. 
 Chairman, appreciating the helpfulness 
 of the Pan-Pacific Union, and thanking 
 you for this opportunity to say a word 
 on behalf of the Press Congress of the 
 World, as the father of the new Pan- 
 Pacific Press Conference, the Press Con- 
 gress of the World gives to it its bene- 
 diction, its cordial good wishes, but 
 also its admonition and counsel that it 
 may do its best work in the best way 
 unto the best end. ( Prolonged ap- 
 plause.)
 
 14 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Greetings from Australia 
 
 I [on. ('.. IT. Kessel 
 
 Ex-Member Parliament, Queensland ; 
 
 Mayor of City of Gladstone, 
 
 ( Queensland 
 
 It affords a visitor from Australia When I was coming across in the 
 
 such a- I am, a greal pleasure to be "Ventura," there were some Americans 
 
 here today to represent Australia at the on board, and they said in my hearing, 
 
 Pan-Pacific Press Conference. My wife as they were leaving Sydney — they 
 
 and I have come here, and Mr. Dunn heaved a sort of sigh, and said: "We 
 
 my colleague from Queensland, on be- are going back to God's own country:" 
 
 half of Australia, to show you our sym- And T turned to them and said: "You 
 
 pathy with this wonderful institution are leaving I leaven to go back to an 
 
 which you have originated in Honolulu, earthly Paradise." 
 
 \- 1 look at the map of the world, I Now we in Australia — and here I talk 
 hardly think the term I heard, the primarily to the citizens of the United 
 Crossroads of the Pacific, meets the sit- States — we want to know our American 
 nation — tin- Centre of the Pacific would eousins better. I use that term "cousin" 
 In' better. Here, all nations and all advisedly. You know if we were to 
 colors seem to gravitate and live in t a k e your literature and your picture 
 harmony, and one coming from Aus- films as an indication of what you are 
 tralia cannot but be impressed and really, it would be quite unsafe for one 
 given meat food for thought at the to stand here, because we are led to 
 apparently simple way in which you believe by the ornery rubbish that you 
 solve the race question. sem l across that every American packs 
 While we have been here in this a gun or a knife. My wife and I 
 wonderfully beautiful spot — and I think occasionally go to the picture shows, 
 the "Paradise of the Pacific" is not at and I have got so now that I usually 
 all a misnomer — while we have been go to sleep. They are so uninteresting 
 lure and seen the wonderful improve- and un-typical of your country. Since 
 ments that have been made, the ap- we have come across here, I can say 
 parent harmony in which you all live, with the highest pleasure, we could 
 it makes one wonder what will be the take you for Australians — but of course 
 outcome in. say, 100 or 200 years. I do not know how that appeals to you. 
 I come from a pari of Australia not Perhaps you will alter it a little, but 
 represented here on the map of Aus- we have come here with open minds 
 tralia. Mr. Dunn and I come from and you have received us with open 
 Queensland. We look on it as the star hearts. I would like to express to the 
 state of tin- -tates of Australia. Every- President of the World's Press Con- 
 thing that can grow in the world, prac- gress. and to your wonderful Director, 
 ticallv, grows in our climate. We have Mr. Alexander Hume Ford, and through 
 a climate as hot as you can boast of them to the people of Hawaii, how very 
 here, and as cold, almost, as England, much we appreciate the wonderful en-
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 15 
 
 tertainment you have given us. Nature 
 has been wonderfully kind to you and 
 you have in many ways assisted nature. 
 
 Hawaii An Object Lesson 
 
 1 would like to say this, Mr. Presi- 
 dent, Ladies and Gentlemen, great as 
 is the importance of a Congress such as 
 this, its main object will be missed if 
 those of us — the four of us who repre- 
 sent Australia — do not go back with a 
 very — shall I say — a very chastened 
 view of some of our ideas. I must con- 
 fess that some views which I hold very 
 dear have had a rude shock. I will not 
 say that they have been put out of their 
 position, but I will go back to Australia 
 and firstly tell our people the impres- 
 sions I have gained about our Amer- 
 ican cousins, because we are close re- 
 lations of the United States, and then 
 I shall tell them what I think of the 
 other nations of the earth. One — espe- 
 cially an Australian of limited travel — 
 and I am ashamed to confess that with 
 the exception of a visit to Africa, I 
 have not seen the rest of the world — to 
 see how you have solved the problem 
 impresses one. All I can say is that 
 when we talk of the peace of the world, 
 Hawaii is almost an object lesson. Our 
 meetings in the World Press Congress, 
 and this meeting, I hope, will be of 
 
 some assistance to the meetings to be 
 held in Washington, under the direc- 
 tion of your President, within the next 
 few weeks. 
 
 Every nation of the earth, and most 
 of them meet here today, must feel that 
 we are marching a step nearer to the 
 millenium. We look forward to the 
 time when we will no more hear the 
 roar of cannon, and no more see homes 
 devastated by the war. Even in Aus- 
 tralia many homes are saddened by the 
 dreadful results of the war, and if that 
 conference convened by your President 
 does anything to remove from the 
 world the frightful curse of war, then 
 he deserves to stand high in the history 
 of the world. 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr. President : 
 On behalf of Australia, and shall I say 
 particularly on behalf of the Queen 
 State of Australia, I greet you. I thank 
 you for the warm welcome you have 
 given the Australians, and I go back — 
 my mind broader, my views broader, 
 and my heart warmer towards the peo- 
 ple of the United States and the as- 
 sembled peoples of the world, and I 
 trust that our Conference will go one 
 step towards making the peace of the 
 world, of which we all hope and of 
 which we all dream, an accomplished 
 fact. (Applause.)
 
 16 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 The Introduction of Mr. M. Zumoto, Presiding Officer 
 Morning Session, and Mr. V. S. McClatchy, 
 
 Secretary 
 
 Alexander Mi mi Ford: My friends, 
 it is going to be my greal pleasure and 
 privilege to retire from the throne, and 
 turn it over to one more accustomed to 
 seeing people reign than ] have been in 
 my life. In Japan. I attended a dinner 
 given by Baron Shibusawa and across 
 the way ^at a gentleman who had a 
 larger goatee than mine. I spoke to 
 him. I found that he was the king of 
 the newspaper or press men of Japan. 
 It is a greal pleasure and privilege to 
 ask this gentleman, Mr. Zumoto, who 
 i- with us to preside over the morning 
 session and to take the throne. (Ap- 
 plause, i 
 
 M. Zumoto: Mr. Ford, Ladies and 
 Gentlemen: I never felt more happj 
 and proud than now. It is indeed a 
 privilege to be elevated to the throne, 
 nol only of Hawaii, which alone would 
 have been honor enough, but of the 
 greal and powerful Kingdom of the 
 Press of the Pacific. I feel particular 
 pleasure in taking part in founding, in 
 giving birth, to an organization which 
 is destined to play an ever increasingly 
 important part in the solution of the 
 greal problem which mankind will have 
 n> attack, discuss many times, quarrel 
 about sometimes, -hake hands over, and 
 finally solving it in such a happy wax- 
 that all nations will be like mem- 
 bers "t" one family. Then there will he 
 no more necessity of harriers, frontiers, 
 customs, and all sorts of things that 
 now divide one nation from another, 
 and which is at the base of all these 
 dispute- between different people. Now, 
 
 in the solving of that problem which 
 will take thousands and thousands of 
 years, the Tan- Pacific Press Conference 
 which is now proclaimed, whose birth 
 we now proclaim before the world, will 
 take a very important and prominent 
 part, and therefore I consider it a 
 great honor to have been asked to take 
 this distinguished part in its first func- 
 tion. I now have the honor of calling 
 on that most respected delegate to the 
 World's Peace Congress, Mr. McClatchy 
 to honor us and favor me especially, 
 by acting as Honorary Secretary during 
 the morning session. Mr. McClatchy 
 will say a word. (.Applause.) 
 
 Y. S. McClatchy: Mr. Chairman. 
 Ladies and Gentlemen: It is indeed 
 an honor to be called upon by my 
 friend, Mr. Zumoto, to fill the position 
 of Honorary Secretary under his juris- 
 diction. I would be glad to do it if 
 only for my warm friendship and ad- 
 miration for him, for I learned to know 
 him in Japan. 1 have an idea, however, 
 that I may serve a useful purpose. It 
 is usual in my business to have a horri- 
 ble example, and if that man Mc- 
 Clatchy can serve as a horrible example 
 of what Pan-Pacific fraternity will do 
 by serving as a baton to his warm friend 
 and occasional adversary, Mr. Zumoto, 
 I have served a good purpose. I am 
 certainly glad to bear testimony to the 
 efficiency and value of the Pan-Pacific 
 Union, in that it has made Mr. Zumoto 
 and I friends and co-workers in a cause 
 that is, I hope, to be of benefit to the 
 world, i Applause.)
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 17 
 
 Why a Permanent Pan-Pacific Conference Body 
 
 By Alexander Hume Ford 
 Director Pan-Pacific Union 
 
 There is need, as never before, that 
 the gatherers and disseminators of 
 news in Pacific lands come to a better 
 knowledge of each other and each 
 others lands and problems. 
 
 The Australian journalist knows little 
 of Japan, the American journalist is 
 confused by the reams of paid for press 
 propaganda that deluges him from the 
 Orient, the Japanese press takes seri- 
 ously the utterances of the American 
 jingo journalist and tries to out-jingo 
 him. The Latin-American press is 
 fairly well served so far as her north- 
 ern neighbor is concerned, but little in 
 other Pacific lands is known concern- 
 ing the affairs of the great South Amer- 
 ican continent. 
 
 The result of all this neglect of 
 understanding is that Pacific lands are 
 steering straight for the shoals of 
 chronic misunderstanding and worse. 
 Unfortunately the great news distribut 
 ing bodies of Europe and America play 
 an influential part in the keeping up 
 of Pan-Pacific misunderstanding. They 
 control, largely, the dissemination of 
 world news to and between Pacific- 
 lands, and because of their contracts, 
 entered into long ago, when news dis- 
 semination methods depended on now 
 antiquated methods make it practically 
 impossible for the press of the Pacific 
 to secure cheap and abundant news 
 service to which the invention of the 
 wireless entitles it. 
 
 To illustrate, the delegates from 
 Australasia to this Conference, up to 
 the day before their arrival in Hono- 
 lulu, could send wireless messages to 
 
 Australia and New Zealand for four- 
 teen cents a word ; the moment they 
 landed, however, they were shut off 
 from wireless communication with 
 Australia and must resort to cable 
 rates at 83c a word. Surely Australia 
 and New Zealand should be urged by 
 this Conference to find immediately 
 some means of opening their wireless 
 stations to the reception of press and 
 commercial messages from Pacific 
 lands, at least. 
 
 I learned when in Japan, and from a 
 director of the Associated Press, that 
 ow r ing to a contract between American 
 Associated Press and British Reuter 
 that world news to Japan must go only 
 through Reuters. Java has asked that 
 Honolulu be made a "drop" station and 
 that a man be stationed here to select 
 from the "drop" service such news as 
 each Pacific country may desire and 
 forward it by wireless. 
 
 Premier Massey of New Zealand in- 
 formed me the other day that it may 
 be years before the round the world 
 British system of wireless stations is 
 put in operation. One of these is to 
 be located at Auckland and the pre- 
 mier hopes then that we of other parts 
 of the Pacific, not colored in red, may 
 be permitted to send wireless press 
 messages to Pacific British possessions. 
 
 Who knows what may happen in 
 the Pacific during the next few years 
 before us if the press of the Pacific 
 does not arise to its. great duty and 
 by truthful reporting dispel some of the 
 misunderstandings that are arising be- 
 cause of the fact that the press of the
 
 18 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Pacific is not educating the people con- 
 cerning each others affairs. 
 
 Tributary to the shores of the Pa- 
 cific lives more than halt" the population 
 of the globe. The Pacific Ocean is the 
 
 future theatre of the commerce of the 
 world. Here in the Pacific meet the 
 oldest and the newest civilizations. 
 From now on it is the Pacific lands 
 that must feed the world. Lack o! co- 
 operation and understanding among Pa- 
 cific peoples would prove the greatesl 
 calamity the world has yet known. The 
 press of the Pacific alone can prevent 
 thi> calamity and save the world. From 
 now on the greater part of the world's 
 people will have their homes in Pa- 
 cific lands. Their leaders should he 
 brought together for hetter understand- 
 ing of each others aims and ambitions, 
 and the press should create, as it can. 
 a patriotism of the Pacific. 
 
 In the Orient many of the journal- 
 istic leaders are graduates of an Amer- 
 ican school of journalism where they 
 have been taught, as the foundation 
 principle, that a news-gatherer should 
 he a gentleman at heart and in action. 
 This is also a tradition among the 
 British pressmen in the Orient. This 
 leaven is permeating the Anglo Saxon 
 press of the Far East and should he 
 the watchword of the vernacular press. 
 This little body of men is having a 
 marked influence in the Orient ; the 
 leaders among the pressmen in the 
 Philippines, China. Japan and Korea, 
 know each other personally and trust 
 each other. As this circle enlarges the 
 jingoists will find it more difficult to 
 excite the imaginations of those who 
 do not always think seriously and 
 investigate. The men of the mess in 
 the Pacific, when they know each 
 other, will learn to trust each other, 
 and in every Pacific land they will 
 strive to he worthy of this trust of 
 their distant confreres and the serious 
 
 problems of the Pacific will dissipate 
 in fleecy clouds, knowledge of each 
 others affairs will take the place of 
 ignorance and prejudice and under- 
 standing will supersede misunderstand- 
 ing, if only our press of the Pacific 
 will consummate its high mission. 
 
 Perhaps there should be two distinct 
 bodies in the future Pan- Pacific Press 
 Conference: One a League of Pacific 
 Newspapers composed of proprietors 
 and the husiness staff, that should out- 
 line the general husiness policy, deal 
 with the cost of paper and news-gather- 
 ing, reducing their cost by co-operative 
 methods and perhaps reducing the cost 
 of international advertising to the ad- 
 vertiser through similar methods of 
 co-operation among the business staffs 
 of the newspapers and magazines pub- 
 lished in Pacific lands. The other and 
 more important body, for the peace of 
 the world at least, should be the actual 
 disseminators of news and information 
 concerning Pacific lands. They should 
 meet together to know each other and 
 to plan work that will make the people 
 of each Pacific land know more about 
 the people of other Pacific lands. The 
 first step such a body should take 
 would be to secure a reduction in the 
 cable and wireless press rates between 
 Pacific lands, and actual free trade in 
 wireless press correspondence, unham- 
 pered by any private or other contracts 
 that would militate against the cheapest 
 possible rates in the dissemination of 
 international news and informations. 
 
 The late ex-Secretary of the Interior, 
 Franklin K. Lane, ex-President Wilson, 
 Senator Henry Cabot Lodge and Presi- 
 dent Harding have all voiced the opin- 
 ion that in the Pacific, having behind 
 it thousands of years of traditions of 
 peace, that here might be the logical 
 birth place of a real League of Nations. 
 Who knows but that it may not be the
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 19 
 
 mission of the press of the Pacific to 
 bring' this about. 
 
 Next September there is to be held 
 in Honolulu under the auspices of the 
 Pan-Pacific Union the first Pan-Pacific 
 Commercial Conference. It is hoped 
 that President Harding may be present, 
 and should he find it possible to be 
 here at that time, he will. If he does 
 come to Hawaii, the Pan-Pacific Union 
 will invite the presidents and premiers 
 of all Pacific lands to meet here in 
 friendly conference. 
 
 Then, perhaps once more, the press- 
 men of the Pacific may be asked to 
 gather in honor of such an informal 
 meeting of the heads of Pacific govern- 
 ments, it would be an inspiration for 
 better understanding the future results 
 of which might be incalculably good. 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Union at the request 
 of Dean Walter Williams, President of 
 the Press Congress of the World, issued 
 the call for the first Pan-Pacific Press 
 Conference, with the understanding that 
 it was to be a permanent body to meet 
 for conference every two or three 
 years ; a regional conference body af- 
 filiated with the Press Congress of the 
 World and one that would stimulate 
 the holding of annual local press con- 
 ferences in the Orient, Australasia and 
 on the Pacific Coast of America. 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Union gladly as- 
 sumed the responsibility for the call, 
 and further offers its services to the 
 permanent organization. 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Educational Confer- 
 ence, recently held here, passed a num- 
 ber of recommendations that it re- 
 quested the Union to carry out, among 
 these the publishing of its proceedings 
 and the preparation for and the calling 
 of a second Pan-Pacific Educational 
 Conference. The Union has secured 
 the services of Dr. F. F. Bunker, to 
 assist in carrying out the recommenda- 
 tions made and has appropriated suffi- 
 cient funds for carrying out most of 
 them. 
 
 In the matter of aiding the Pan- 
 Pacific Press Conference along kindred 
 lines I am certain that the Union would 
 endeavor to carry out any recommen- 
 dations of this Conference, if so re- 
 quested. We wish to serve. 
 
 The workers in the Pan-Pacific 
 Union are constantly brought face to 
 face with the fact that for good or 
 evil the power of the press will guide 
 the destinies of the Pacific. There is 
 need today as never before that you 
 men of the press give us the best that 
 is in you toward the dissemination of 
 truthful and helpful facts concerning 
 Pacific lands. What will you do about 
 it — how can we aid ?
 
 20 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Press Conference 
 
 Hon. M \rk Cohen 
 
 Editor, and Member of the Upper House 
 of Parliament, New Zealand 
 
 I. like the previous speaker, have 
 been brought here today somewhat 
 under false pretenses. We were given 
 to understand yesterday afternoon that 
 it was desired by the Congress and by 
 others who had taken an interest in 
 these proceedings to wipe off the slate 
 all set addresses in order that the 
 various functions set down for today 
 should go on uninterruptedly and that 
 those promised stories should be handed 
 in to the Executive of the Press Con- 
 gress for careful sub-editing and pos- 
 sibly future publication. In that be- 
 lief I have left my story at home. 
 
 I see I am set down on the program 
 to speak of the evolution of the press 
 of New Zealand, which will form the 
 subject nf the paper that 1 have pre- 
 pared, bui I am not going to worry 
 ynii this afternoon with a long recital 
 of the difficulties of those journeymen 
 printers who as far back as 1839 set 
 up the printing press in Xew Zealand 
 and have brought it since to a fairly 
 satisfactory condition so far as its aims, 
 objects, purposes and results are con- 
 cerned. In that paper you will find that 
 I claimed that the honor of being the 
 first printer in Xew Zealand should be 
 given to one William Colens, who came 
 to New Zealand Ion- before the sov- 
 ereignty of the British crown was 
 established and who came long before 
 any war had devastated our country 
 and who came to preach the gospel as 
 right hand assistant to that great Chris- 
 tian Selwyn who brought the gospel to 
 the Mauri-. In that capacity he 
 
 printed and published a series of Angli- 
 can church publications and necessarily 
 brought from England with him an 
 ordinary printing press, certain fonts 
 of type and a quantity of paper. 
 
 Then you have to bear in mind that 
 New Zealand was colonized from very 
 different angles. The years 1839, '40 
 and '51 mark the last of the great 
 colonizing efforts made by Great Bri- 
 tain. There came to New Zealand 
 from Britain itself the very salt of the 
 midland counties, those counties in 
 which the great English universities ot 
 Oxford and Cambridge are situated, 
 men who had received a very liberal 
 education themselves and who were de- 
 sirous of paving a way in the South 
 Pacific for a country wherein they 
 would be freed from trouble of Eu- 
 ropean wars and heavy taxation and 
 might find a country sufficiently large 
 to make successful their project, of till- 
 ing the earth and making respectable 
 incomes therefrom. 
 
 Then the Scotch were sent from 
 Edinburgh at the time of the great dis- 
 ruption in their church. They came to 
 Otago, arriving there in 1848. Again, 
 in Nelson, new settlers came and the 
 New Zealand Land Company, which 
 was the first of these colonizing ex- 
 periments starting out as it did from 
 London. 
 
 The result of these efforts was signifi- 
 cant, hirst, each expedition brought 
 with it either a journeyman printer 
 among the passengers or a plant for 
 printing and thus it came about that
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 21 
 
 there was established first in Welling- 
 ton as the official organ of the New 
 Zealand Company, the Gazette, which 
 afterwards developed into a newspaper. 
 Then came a weekly paper in Otago at 
 Dunedin called the Witness; then an- 
 other paper in the North Island. Fur- 
 ther still, as a medium of communication 
 between the settlers in Auckland and the 
 southern province, another organ of pub- 
 lic opinion was founded. 
 
 We claim also that the first daily 
 paper ever published in New Zealand, 
 The Otago Daily Times, had its origin 
 in 18ol when gold was first discovered 
 in that part of the country. This was 
 an organ of public opinion whose man- 
 ager was among you during the greater 
 portion of this sitting, but who had un- 
 fortunately to leave with his colleagues 
 by the Makura. 
 
 It was most unfortunate so far as we 
 New Zealanders were concerned that we 
 did not receive advices of the postpone- 
 ment of the date of meeting of this 
 Press Congress. Otherwise our itiner- 
 ary might have been differently shaped. 
 We might have traveled via Raratonga, 
 Tahiti and San Francisco, coming over 
 with the main body of the American 
 journalists in time to take part in the 
 opening session of your Congress. 
 
 We came unannounced as the advance- 
 guard of the Congress. We were met 
 by a fellow colonist and taken to what 
 were to be our homes for the time being, 
 and let me say here in the presence of 
 this goodly company that if only for the 
 friendships that we have made in this 
 place ; if only for the great kindnesses 
 we have received at the hands of all and 
 sundry classes and if only for the good 
 fellowships we have been able to make 
 and which we trust we will be able to 
 maintain during the rest of our lives 
 then our journey, apart from any thing- 
 else, has not been a trivial one, but one 
 that we can look back on the rest of our 
 
 days. Nothing can be more sincere than 
 the friendships we have made ; nothing 
 more pleasing than to renew our ac- 
 quaintance with the President of your 
 Congress, and nothing more delightful 
 than to go away with the knowledge 
 that we have formed friendships that 
 will be ever memorable incidents apart 
 from the work we hope to accomplish in 
 the future of this great World's Con- 
 gress. 
 
 It is not my purpose to go through 
 the contents of the paper I have writ- 
 ten. Those of you who care to hear 
 more about the progress of press work 
 in New Zealand will have an opportunity 
 later of doing so. I would only say for 
 myself in regard to the project that you 
 have started here today that I hope it 
 may be successfully launched. I hon- 
 estly believe, endowed as it is with the 
 wisdom and the experience and the en- 
 thusiasm of the gentleman who has con- 
 stituted its executive during the six 
 years of its existence it cannot fail of 
 achievement and the same measure of 
 success that the Press Congress has 
 achieved during the first years of its 
 existence. I know it is within the 
 bounds of possibility that the executive 
 will send as missionaries to the southern 
 seas, particularly Australia, and the 
 country I came from, your good friend 
 Dr. Bunker and your irreproachable and 
 unmatchable Ford, and I trust they will 
 be able to pay a visit first to New Zea- 
 land and will gather into their company 
 a man there who I know will be of the 
 greatest possible assistance to them. I 
 refer to Mr. Milner, the head of one of 
 our great scholastic departments; who 
 is full of love for everything that makes 
 for the advancement of humanity and 
 liberal art and a man who will work 
 until he dies for the advancement of 
 those great ideals that I know possess 
 his soul. If Mr. Bunker and Mr. Ford 
 and Mr. Milner are sent away from here
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 as the evangels of this great institution I have got tired of hearing my own 
 
 and make use of their opportunities, and voice, but take it from me as speaking 
 
 I know their capacity to do it. then I from my very heart of hearts that it 
 
 am quite satisfied that in a few years to has been the greatest delight of my life 
 
 come 1 may read of your doings and coming here as I do today for the fifth 
 
 shall he- able to say as I say today with time to renew most pleasant acquaint- 
 
 all sincerity that you have done wisely aneeships, to form new friendships and 
 
 and well in placing on a sure and last- to go away satisfied that in my little 
 
 ing foundation an institution that is humble way I have done something to 
 
 capable of doing much for the cause of promote the cause of this great institu- 
 
 civilization. tioti.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 23 
 
 The Press and Peace in the Pacific 
 
 By Henry Stead 
 
 Editor, "Stead's Review", Melbourne, Australia. 
 
 I regret most deeply that illness pre- 
 vents my being present at the first Pan- 
 Pacific Press Conference, to attend 
 which I traveled specially from Aus- 
 tralia. 
 
 I regard this Conference as of the 
 very greatest importance for the po- 
 litical centre of the world has now 
 shifted from Europe to the Pacific. In 
 the old world the great war has left the 
 Allies supreme. Their word is law and 
 they realize that if they would main- 
 tain peace they must agree amongst 
 themselves. In the Pacific however these 
 same Powers are by no means a happy 
 family. They do not agree, and their 
 differences, minor though most of them 
 be, actually threaten the peace of the 
 world. That being so every effort put 
 forth to improve the relations between 
 the Pacific nations is of peculiar im- 
 portance at the present time. We news- 
 paper men realize how great an in- 
 fluence we can and do wield among the 
 people, and if we. in conference, can 
 come to some understanding amongst 
 ourselves, can evolve some plan of 
 united action with the object of enabling 
 the Pacific nations to get to know one 
 another better and thus avoid the un- 
 necessary friction which so easily arises, 
 we will indeed have done well. 
 
 It is an astonishing fact, which too 
 few people properly realize, that whilst 
 all the great nations are spending huge 
 sums on making preparations for de- 
 fence and war, not one of them is 
 spending a single cent in order to sys- 
 tematically attempt to make the war 
 they fear impossible. Millions of dol- 
 
 lars are spent on building gigantic 
 superdreadnaughts which will be obso- 
 lete in five years, but not one dollar is 
 set aside with the object of promoting 
 better relations between the nations, get- 
 ting them to know each other better, 
 thus making war less likely. It was a 
 well known American statesman who, at 
 a time of crises prior to the late war, 
 declared : "Give me the price of a 
 single battleship and I will undertake 
 to make this threatened struggle impos- 
 sible." 
 
 Just suppose for a moment that the 
 Administration were to set aside no 
 more than one percent of its war ap- 
 propriations for use in peace propo- 
 ganda. Why there would be no war ! 
 Today it costs at least $25,000,000 to 
 build a dreadnought. What could not 
 be done with one percent of that huge 
 sum for the cause of peace. But no 
 Government at present sets aside even 
 0.1 percent of its war expenditures for 
 peace purposes. 
 
 Several years ago when the mayors 
 of French towns were visiting England, 
 having been invited to do so by their 
 English confreres, all the money re- 
 quired for their entertainment had to 
 be raised privately. The British Gov- 
 ernment, although most sympathetic, 
 had actually no funds available to pro- 
 vide these visitors with even one ban- 
 quet !• Yet when distinguished soldiers 
 from abroad came to England the War 
 Office had always plenty of money to 
 entertain them with. Every one admits 
 that visits of this nature helped to bring 
 about a better understanding between
 
 24 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 England and France, but the expense of 
 such visits had to be borne always by 
 private individuals. That is not righl 
 and I think it is the duty of every 
 newspaper man to try and induce his 
 particular Government to set aside a 
 definite sum, better still a fixed percent- 
 age of its defence and war expenditure, 
 which should be used in order to facili- 
 tate visits of representative men and 
 workers from one country to another; 
 should be used to disseminate correct 
 information about one country in an- 
 other, and above all should be utilized 
 to run to earth in one country the lies 
 which are at present so widely cir- 
 culated about another. 
 
 What is needed in every country is 
 a Ministry of Friendship in charge of 
 a man whose duty it should be to ap- 
 ply the grease of truth to the interna- 
 tional machinery when the friction be 
 tween its parts became acute. We have- 
 Secretaries of State, for W r ar, for the 
 Navy, Ministers of Defence. Immensely 
 complicated diplomatic services wdiose 
 nominal duty it is to work for peace 
 but who, alas, are much more concerned 
 in finding out the latest devices other 
 nations have adopted in their armies 
 and navies than they are in smoothing 
 away those little irritations which so 
 quickly give cause for war. 
 
 In Australia the year before the war 
 we spent .almost £6.000,000 on the army 
 and navy. Unless the Disarmament 
 Conference at Washington is snccessfnl 
 we shall have to spend much more than 
 that in coming years. The taxpayers in 
 the Commonwealth, already complain- 
 ing, will strongly protest, but protests 
 will be of no avail if other fleets of the 
 Pacific are being increased in size. The 
 man who has to find the money is 
 likely to approve the suggestion that a 
 very small part of it should be used to 
 used to make the war he fears impos- 
 sible. Australia could well afford to 
 
 spend 0.1 percent of its defense appro- 
 priation on work for peace in the Pa- 
 cific. £60,000 is a small amount, yet 
 carefully expended it should make the 
 raising of £6,000,000 for defence pur- 
 poses unnecessary. If all the Pacific 
 countries were to spend no more than 
 0.1 percent of their appropriations for 
 armies and navies on systematic peace 
 propaganda I am convinced that the 
 need for those armies and those navies 
 would quickly disappear. 
 
 We are, I think, all seized with the 
 fact that wars are almost always due to 
 misunderstandings which had time per- 
 mitted could have been cleared up. But 
 whilst the machinery for making war 
 is always well oiled, efficient and up-to- 
 date, no special machinery for preserv- 
 ing peace exists at all. It seems to me 
 that we might well work for the setting 
 up of such machinery and urge our res- 
 pective governments to set aside a mere 
 fraction of the huge sums they spend 
 on getting ready for war to be used in 
 bringing about a better understanding 
 between Pacific peoples, in running a 
 campaign of truth to counteract the 
 wild and foolish rumors which at pres- 
 ent furnish fuel for misunderstandings 
 and mutual distrust. 
 
 But whilst I think it is the bounded 
 duty of governments to systematically 
 work for peace and not concern them- 
 selves only in preparing for war, it will 
 be difficult to bring them to a realiza- 
 tion of that fact. Meanwhile can we 
 not do something ourselves to counter- 
 act these lies and rumors which work 
 so much mischief in our relations with 
 other Pacific countries. We are severely 
 handicapped because we ourselves do 
 not know the truth about our neighbors 
 and not knowing the truth, we cannot 
 contradict the lie. It would be well if 
 every large newspaper or group of 
 newspapers were to have a reliable cor- 
 respondent in each country washed by
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 25 
 
 the Pacific, who could be relied on to other hand, when they have to pay even 
 give accurate information himself and a small sum for it, their interest is pre- 
 to report false news which was being served and when they would throw a 
 circulated in the country where he was batch of free articles into the waste- 
 living about that one where the papers paper basket, they would carefully 
 he represented were located. Expense peruse those they had paid to have sent 
 is of course the chief argument against them. 
 
 this plan, but already some of the Aus- The scheme would require working 
 
 tralian papers have made a beginning out and considerable modification but, 
 
 and a reliable correspondent represents properly done, it should be of immense 
 
 the Melbourne Herald in Japan. value in bringing about a better under- 
 
 It is to be hoped that other papers standing between the Pacific peoples. It 
 
 will follow suit. But correspondents are 1S because we do not understand each 
 
 a luxury which great newspapers only other > because we are suspicious of each 
 
 can indulge in, the lesser journals have other < tha t we think and talk of war. If 
 
 to rely upon what they get from the we knew more ab out each other we 
 
 large dailies and from chance letters, would think much less about war. The 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Union, which has al- P ress can do more than an Y other a g enc y 
 
 ready done so much to promote a better to bring about the desired understand- 
 
 feeling in the Pacific, might be of use m £- Jt can fr °wn on scare rumors and 
 
 here. It might act as a distribution seek always to soothe instead of ruffle 
 
 centre of reliable news concerning every the suceptibilities of its neighbors. The 
 
 Pacific country. There are 'plenty of Fa ^ c b< f n - now th , e , centre 1 of world 
 
 , . . ,. , ■ , , j , politics the responsibilities thrown on 
 
 lournals in Australia which would be .fl _,.__. r . 
 
 , , , . . . ... , the Pacific Press are great, far greater 
 
 glad to have short articles telling, for . . . , ° , ' ° T 
 
 . , , ... • T than they have ever been before. 1 am 
 
 instance, about labor conditions in a- c , , ,, , .,, . ,, 
 
 ' _, , , , . , J . , confident that we will rise to the occa- 
 
 pan and China; plenty which would s i on and do everything in our power to 
 
 publish brief accounts of social move- dispd the danger of war and bring in 
 
 ments m other countries and so on and that era of peace which we &Q fondly 
 
 so forth. How far they would be pre- i magme d would be ours once the great 
 
 pared to support a "truth" service of war had been won. I, at any rate, 
 
 this kind it is difficult to say, but my pledge myself to do everything' in my 
 
 experience certainly suggests that it powe r to assist any movement started 
 
 would be unwise to offer it free. Indi- at this Conference which has as an ob- 
 
 viduals and newspapers, whilst at first j ec t the bringing of mutual understand- 
 
 welcoming something for nothing, soon ing and trust amongst the peoples of 
 
 cease to have interest in it. On the the Pacific.
 
 26 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 A Pacific Understanding 
 
 By Guy Inxks 
 Associate Editor "The Herald," Melbourne, Australia. 
 
 Throughout his tour to Australia and 
 New Zealand, Lord Northcliffe, the prin- 
 cipal proprietor of the Ix»ndon "Times," 
 and one of the greatest of the British Em- 
 pire's journalists, lost no opportunity of 
 emphasizing the importance, particularly 
 to Australia and the British possessions 
 in the Pacific, of the Disarmament Con- 
 ference to be held at Washington. He 
 pointed out that at this conference. Au- 
 stralia's fate mighl be settled, and. large- 
 ly as the result of his utterances, the five 
 and a half million inhabitants of the 
 great Island Commonwealth are begin- 
 ning, perhaps belatedly, to realize how 
 vital to them and to their country are the 
 problems to he discussed at the Confer- 
 ence, and how much they are concerned 
 in the result of its deliberations. It was 
 originally understood that the interests 
 of Australia, as a componenl part ot the 
 British Empire, would he safeguarded by 
 the I '.ritisli delegation to this great inter- 
 national congress; and, though Australia 
 trusts her Motherland to the full, more 
 than one close student of die situation 
 regretted thai die Australian Common- 
 wealth was not to be represented indi- 
 vidually and directly by one of her own 
 statesmen, who could interpret clearly 
 ami emphatically die attitude and ideals 
 .if his nation in regard to problems pecu- 
 liarly her own -such, for instance, as the 
 maintenance of the White Australia 
 policy. This is of particular importance 
 in view of the statement that Japan in- 
 tends to seek the removal of restrictions 
 upon immigration from Japan to other 
 Pacific land-. Very welcome, therefore, 
 is the announcement of the Prime Min- 
 
 ister of Australia. William Morris 
 Hughes, that, as the outcome of com- 
 munications with Washington, Senator 
 G. F. Pearce, Minister for Defence, has 
 been appointed to represent Australia at 
 the Disarmament Conference. Senator 
 Pearce, who was appointed to his present 
 position in the cabinet before the war, can 
 be relied upon, by reason of his long 
 political experience and his thorough fa- 
 miliarity with the problems that will be 
 discussed, for the ample presentation of 
 Australia's case, particularly as he will 
 have full knowledge, through his close 
 personal association with Mr. Hughes. 
 of the transactions at the recent Empire 
 Conference of Prime Ministers. The 
 appointment of a direct representative is 
 clear proof that Australia realizes to the 
 full that her future is as closely involved 
 in the outcome of the Washington Con- 
 ference as is that of any nation border- 
 ing on the Pacific Ocean. 
 
 It is in the Pacific, in days to come. 
 that the form of our future civilization 
 may be decided. Peace in the Pacific is 
 a suret) for the peace of the world. A 
 stroke of the pen may forestall and pre- 
 vent the blow of the sword. By strokes 
 of the pen has the Pan-Pacific Union been 
 created; and there are no bounds to the 
 hopes which that Union may inspire for 
 the dawning of the day "when nation 
 shall not lift up sword against nation." It 
 is fortunate and fitting that the Pan- 
 Pacific press congress should precede the 
 great conference at Washington; for 
 there is as yet no other agency in exis- 
 tence so well calculated to promote that 
 mutal understanding between the Pacific
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 27 
 
 nations and that frank appreciation of 
 the aims which they have in common to 
 safeguard civilization as is this organiza- 
 tion of practical idealists. 
 
 That the shore of the Pacific is the 
 threshold of the world has heen realized 
 by Mr. Hughes, who, addressing the 
 Commonwealth House of Representatives 
 shortly after his return from the confer- 
 ence in England of the Prime Ministers 
 of the British Empire, said in effect that 
 the solution of the problems of the Pacific 
 was essentially a precedent to the satis- 
 factory conduct and conclusion of the 
 Disarmament Conference. It needs no 
 profound study of his utterance to demon- 
 strate its truth. So long as there is a 
 possibility of this ocean becoming the 
 arena of the world in arms, for just so 
 long will the certainty exist that those 
 nations taking part in the conference at 
 Washington will endeavor to attain and 
 maintain that state of overwhelming pre- 
 pardness which prefers arsenals to arbi- 
 tration, and, in too early a resort, cruisers 
 to congresses of peace. Every possible 
 step should be taken to ensure that each 
 participant has concrete rather than 
 piously hopeful reasons for the belief 
 that the meeting will achieve more than 
 ever Hague Conference has attempted 
 aforetime, and that there must be no 
 feeling, however diplomatically con- 
 cealed that though a colleague has his 
 cards on the table, there is a gun on his 
 hip. 
 
 Much, therefore, rests with the Pan- 
 Pacific Press Congress. Assembled on 
 one of the fairest isles of a sea which 
 has ever been. a field of exploration and of 
 commerce rather than the battle-ground 
 of contending navies, it can serve greatly 
 in making that sea Pacific in fame as it 
 is Pacific in name. By promoting an in- 
 ternational understanding, honest, frank 
 and free from Chauvinistic propaganda 
 masquerading as patriotism, it can go 
 far to annihilate those mischievous mis- 
 
 understandings, too often deliberately 
 fostered, which, even if they do not lead 
 to direct war, yet create an atmosphere 
 of unrest and distrust which can be para- 
 lysing if not actually disastrous. No- 
 where does one realize this as in Hono- 
 lulu, standing as it does as a marine 
 telephone exchange where the world's 
 wires converge ; where, in the words of 
 Emerson, 
 
 "Every day brings a ship — 
 Every ship brings a word." 
 Shall not the efforts of the Pan-Pacific 
 
 bring the consummation voiced by the 
 
 poet : 
 
 "Well for him who hath no fear. 
 Looking- seaward, well assured 
 That the word the vessel brings 
 Is the word he longs to hear." 
 And that word is — "Peace." 
 
 As has been said by resolution duly at- 
 tested, the Congress offers a co-ordinat- 
 ing agency which can take the initiative 
 and can stimulate, in the wisest and wid- 
 est sense, education to common ends in 
 the various Pacific nations. And it can 
 "undertake either directly or indirectly 
 * * * a thorough scientific investigation 
 of the causes of war and assist education- 
 al machinery in the various nations to re- 
 move causes which may contribute to war 
 making." 
 
 Now, the power-house of that machin- 
 ery is the Press. No other medium is so 
 certain in its operation or so far-reaching 
 in its activities. It is for the Congress to 
 take advantage of it, and by its legiti- 
 mate use. discountenancing the spread of 
 misleading- or merely sectional propagan- 
 da of the baser sort, to establish an under- 
 standing among Pacific countries which 
 will form the best guarantee that the 
 world can have for a reduction of arma- 
 ments, or, failing their immediate reduc- 
 tion, a halt in that adding of armor-plate 
 to armor-plate and weapon to weapon 
 which makes a nation so ponderous in
 
 28 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 its might thai it must through sheer 
 weight fall upon its neighbor. 
 
 Excellent within their limits as are 
 the various new- services to Australia, 
 and widespread as arc their ultimate 
 
 iurces, they are al present too costly, as 
 was pointed out at the recenl Imperial 
 Press Congress held at Ottawa, to per- 
 mit of their full use as a factor in 
 promoting international understanding. 
 There is too little opportunity for the 
 chronicling of consecutive and construc- 
 tive steps in social progress, in altruistic 
 
 Ejislation and its effects, in great educa- 
 tional movements, and in efforts in any 
 country which have for their objective the 
 co-ordination of international forces for 
 peace. Were a cheaper cable service pos- 
 sible, particularly between countries bor- 
 dering upon the Pacific, Australian pa- 
 pers could afford to a greater extent than 
 hey do at present to maintain trust- 
 worthy special correspondents in the im- 
 
 irtant cities of these lands, whose work 
 would go Ear to promote what may be 
 described as the entente cordiale of the 
 Pacific. This, from the Australian point 
 of view, would he preferable to the es- 
 tablishment of a news bureau which 
 would endeavor to serve the Australian 
 press as a whole. The more important 
 Australia!) papers prefer to maintain as 
 far as possible an individuality in their 
 .ice, at least as far as the two 
 in -roups of journals are concerned. 
 main groups are concerned. One of these 
 groups, which consists largely of morn- 
 ing papei ives a cable service which 
 is under control of its own managing 
 editors in London and New York, and 
 the other, in which the two principal 
 Australian evening journals (the Mel- 
 bourne ••Herald" and the Sydney "Sun") 
 are iated, in conjunction with Reu- 
 ters, recei vices from London, Van- 
 couver, Tokio and elsewhere, although 
 London and Vancouver are the main 
 headquarters. From the point of view of 
 
 accuracy, general interest, and scope, this 
 latter service, always having regard to 
 the restrictions imposed by the cost of 
 cabling, reaches, it is generally acknowl- 
 edged, a high standard of excellence. 
 But it might cover Pacific news far more 
 fully than it does at present. 
 
 Whether greater recourse could be had 
 to wireless messages as a means of se- 
 curing a more ample service is a matter 
 of some doubt. "Were the cost of cable 
 transmission made cheaper, most of the 
 existing drawbacks could be overcome. 
 Competition or threatened competition 
 by wireless might have this effect, as the 
 cable companies might reduce their 
 charges in self-defense. But it remains 
 to be proved by actual experiment wheth- 
 er an exclusively wireless service could 
 ever take the place of cable news. A 
 partly wireless service has been intro- 
 duced by the Pacific Cable Board, but 
 this is not much used for press purposes. 
 
 It should here be explained that there 
 are two principal cable companies oper- 
 ating routes to Australia from England. 
 One is the Pacific, by which messages 
 after being transmitted from England 
 across the Atlantic to Vancouver by the 
 Anglo-American and Commercial Com- 
 pany's cable, are forwarded from Montre- 
 al by way of Fanning Island, Fiji, and 
 Norfolk Island to Southport, Queensland, 
 whence they are distributed over Austra- 
 lia. There is a branch cable from Nor- 
 folk Island to New Zealand. In addition, 
 there are two submarine cables which 
 connect the latter Dominion with the 
 Australian mainland. 
 
 The other principal organization is the 
 Eastern Extension Cable Company, 
 which, in addition to the original cable 
 from London to Port Darwin, in the 
 Northern Territory of Australia, has du- 
 plicated this line, and has also laid a 
 cable from Great Britain via Durban, 
 South Africa, to Fremantle, West Au- 
 stralia. There is an alternative route,
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 29 
 
 partly belonging to the Eastern Extension 
 Company, connecting the Port Darwin- 
 Singapore cable with London via Hong 
 Kong, Shanghai, and Russia. A cable 
 from Java to Cocos Island affords an- 
 other route from South Africa to Au- 
 stralia, and a radio station at Cocos 
 strengthens the line of communication be- 
 tween Australia and the East. Rates for 
 press cables from England range from 
 seven cents to seventy two cents a word, 
 according to whether they are ordinary 
 press or urgent. 
 
 In considering the question of wireless 
 competition, regard must be had to the 
 fact that the Governments of the various 
 Australian States were, and the Austra- 
 lian Federal Government is, financially 
 interested in the continuance of the exist- 
 ing cable services, inasmuch the cable 
 companies were or are subsidided by 
 Government to defray in part the cost of 
 the service or of laying the original cable. 
 With regard to the Pacific Cable, the 
 Commonwealth shares proportionately in 
 the profit or loss which accrues from the 
 traffic. The subsidy agreement between 
 the State Governments and the Eastern 
 Extension Company expired in 1900. 
 
 Even if present circumstances, which 
 include the terms of existing press con- 
 tracts with the cable companies, do not 
 permit of immediate recourse to wire- 
 less, the prospect of its adoption might 
 be of value as a lever to secure a reduc- 
 
 tion in cable rates. In any case, the 
 lowering of the latter should be strongly 
 urged by the Pan-Pacific Press Con- 
 gress. 
 
 But whatever be the ultimate means 
 adopted to increase the scope and effi- 
 ciency of the news services throughout 
 the Pacific, no permanent good can be 
 achieved that is not sought in a spirit of 
 forbearance, understanding, and mutual 
 comprehension. Concession must meet 
 with concession, not challenge with chal- 
 lenge. The Pan-Pacific Union has sup- 
 plied the initiative, and it is for the press 
 of the Pacific to follow its example. Na- 
 tion by nation, it may educate the world. 
 Much has already been gained by the 
 gathering together in one spot, where 
 they may interchange ideas and formu- 
 late constructive proposals, of so many 
 men who are primarily a power for the 
 dissemination of the truth. The torch of 
 enlightenment has been kindled, and it 
 may yet illuminate the greater half of the 
 globe. The acquisition of a better mu- 
 tual knowledge of national aims and 
 aspirations is inseparable from such a 
 meeting as this ; and when those who 
 have assembled go forth pledged to 
 spread in their own countries the truth 
 about every other land, the good that 
 will result must be incalculable. With 
 every succeeding conference the scope of 
 achievement will be amplified, until, in 
 Mr. Alexander Hume Ford's notable 
 words, the press has created a patriotism 
 of the Pacific.
 
 30 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 The New Pacific 
 
 By Gregorio Nieva 
 Editor, "Philippines Review", Manila. P. J. 
 
 We of. the Pacific wish to know each 
 other. That is the present trend of feel- 
 in-' among peoples in Pacific countries, 
 and it is indeed most reassuring. 
 
 The Pacific peoples are simply awak- 
 ening to the fact that they must have 
 something of their own, that they must 
 hold their own, and be given due 
 chance to hold their own. Europe has 
 been, up to this time, the control- 
 ling power in the Pacific. Year 
 in and year out, peoples on this side of the 
 earth have seen European policies going 
 hi unchecked and unchanged, keeping 
 themselves always behind the times, 
 without any very alluring regard to 
 progress, notwithstanding the fact that 
 we must advance, for we can not stand 
 still. We must go ahead, and we of the 
 Pacific are advancing, thanks to God and 
 the efforts we are making undauntedly, 
 in spite of any unfavorable circumstances. 
 
 The peoples of the Pacific are feeling 
 a new impulse, an impulse toward Pan- 
 Pacific brotherhood, toward a true pa- 
 triotism of the Pacific. 
 
 The Pacific is asserting itself. We 
 are asserting ourselves on this side 
 of the -lobe in the assurance that 
 our self-assertion will meet a generous 
 and unanimous response throughout the 
 rest of the world. It is but logical that 
 we inu^t have a personality of our own 
 and the time has come when we feel the 
 impulse unitedly to reach out and grasp 
 what the Almighty has so generously al- 
 lotted to us in the creation of this world 
 The future of the Pacific must be shared 
 in by the peoples of the Americas, Aus- 
 tralasia and Asia, leaving Europe for 
 
 Europeans, until Europe too is willing 
 to be but an equal unit with the rest of 
 us in this world of ours. 
 
 ! am indeed gratified at this new 
 unity spirit in the Pacific. It is in such 
 union that we will find our strength. It 
 is in such union that the basis of our 
 self-assertion will permanently rest. It 
 is through such union we Pacific people? 
 hope to manage our own affairs, to take 
 care of our own welfare, to look after 
 our own interests. Let Eastern Asia, the 
 United States, Canada, Australasia, the 
 United States, while each is looking 
 after itself, look after our joint inter- 
 ests, as Europe looks after herself. 
 
 We may regret that Europe is stub- 
 bornly insistent on holding her own in 
 her own peculiar way, that European 
 nations war against each other, kill each 
 other, murder each other, and try their 
 best to destroy each other, but the main 
 thing is for us to be left alone in our 
 own affairs. The welfare of the Pacific 
 countries rests not upon Europe. It rests 
 entirely upon our own shoulders, al- 
 though the cooperation of Europe would 
 he of inestimable value and must be se- 
 cured, if Europe desires to have her due 
 place in the friendship of the Pacific 
 countries which must have their definite 
 say in Pacific matters and in such lines 
 of world affairs as are distinctly their 
 own. I have not the least argument to 
 offer against the statement made by Vis- 
 count Bryce that the danger of the next 
 war still is in Europe — not in the Pacific, 
 opinion come true, for that should prove 
 an actual relief to us. But even on this 
 line of thought, we must be in mutual
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 31 
 
 understanding" for a concerted action in 
 case of emergency to affect us, for we 
 suffered greatly through the last war, 
 which although not a Pacific war de- 
 stroyed or maimed about 10 per cent of 
 Australia's population, bled Canada, com- 
 pelled China, Japan and the Philippines 
 to share in the expense, crippled the trade 
 of the Pacific, besides utterly handicap- 
 ping the whole Pacific world. We don't 
 want any more wars. Let Europe have 
 them. We don't care for them. 
 
 But to meet and cope with the new 
 situation that is coming, we must pro- 
 vide for an adequate foundation for it, 
 and we can adequately have it through 
 the formation of a Pan-Pacific Press As- 
 sociation to inform our own Pacific world 
 
 thoroughly on matters chiefly of our own 
 concern. Such an association should 
 bring all Pacific countries into actual 
 cohesion by causing them to know each 
 other better and to know and understand 
 their plans and ambitions better than 
 heretofore. Such a Pan-Pacific press 
 association, by keeping secret diplomacy 
 miles and miles away from us, would 
 bring peace ever within our grasp and 
 this will be accomplished chiefly by hav- 
 ing our own direct source of proper infor- 
 mation, with our own inter-Pacific ma- 
 chinery properly running and kept up to 
 promote the progress, welfare and safety 
 of the whole Pacific. 
 
 We of the Pacific wish to know each 
 other.
 
 32 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Report of the Committee on Resolutions 
 
 Lorrin A. Thurston, Chairman 
 
 I would say that the Committee was 
 presented with three apparently incon- 
 sistent propositions: one was that this 
 Pan-Pacific ( ongress, the permanent or- 
 ganization, should be under the control 
 of the World's Press Congress; the 
 second proposition was that it should be 
 under the control of the Pan-Pacific 
 Union; and the third, that it should be 
 an independent body. The duties of the 
 Committee have been to try and recon- 
 cile these three propositions, and it was 
 recognized, before the initial steps were 
 taken, that there were advocates for all 
 three propositions. 
 
 Taking the last first, it seemed that 
 the newspaper men of the Pacific were 
 able to handle their own affairs with- 
 out having to look to anybody else for 
 advice or counsel. On the other hand, 
 we recognized that it is an unorganized 
 body, so far as having any paid official, 
 and experience has demonstrated that 
 an unpaid organization of men with 
 other business to attend to is liable to 
 interest, and affairs are apt to lag be- 
 hind, whereas a permanently organized 
 body with paid officials, such as is the 
 Pan-Pacific Union, whose first business 
 is I- carry out the objects of that organ- 
 ization, will be much more promptly 
 attended to. It is desirable to allow the 
 Pan-Pacific Union to utilize its machin- 
 ery for carrying out this object. As to 
 the Press Conference, the Committee 
 »gnizes the extreme advantage of 
 being part and parcel of a working 
 organization, and therefore having the 
 moral as well as the positive and ma- 
 terial support of thai organization when 
 it had formulated policies which it 
 
 wished to have incorporated into its 
 policies, consequently the Committee has 
 felt strongly that it was extremely de- 
 sirable to have the three policies com- 
 bined if possible, and the resolutions I 
 will now present are an attempt to do 
 that. 
 
 A second problem presented was as to 
 the method of control of the organiza- 
 tion, the difficulties being, on the one 
 hand, that it should be democratic and 
 that every member of the Congress 
 should have something to say in regard 
 to its policies, but, on the other hand. 
 our members are so scattered that, in 
 order to secure promptness and efficiency 
 of action, it is necessary to have con- 
 centrated control for current work. 
 
 We have attempted in that respect to 
 give a control to every member of the 
 Congress when the meetings take place. 
 In order to give a partial general con- 
 trol by the members during the inter- 
 vals between meetings, the scheme has 
 been devised of having a general com- 
 mittee which shall consist of at least 
 one member from every country in the 
 organization. In order that this may 
 never delay operations, the countries be- 
 ing scattered along the Pacific, requiring 
 a month or two for full consideration, 
 the additional scheme was devised of 
 having a central steering committee of 
 three persons, and again, to get prompt 
 action, that these be located in Hono- 
 lulu, where lines between the countries 
 are shortest. That is an explanation as 
 to why there appears to be undue con- 
 centration of authority between meet- 
 ings.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 33 
 
 The Report 
 
 Your Committee on Resolutions here 
 with presents four resolutions relative 
 to : 
 
 1. The organization of a permanent 
 Pan-] 'untie ( inference : 
 
 2. Electrical News Service in and 
 about the Pacific; 
 
 3. Defining the scope of the activities 
 of the Pan-Pacific Press Confer- 
 ence : 
 
 4. Endorsing the Conference to Limit 
 Armaments and to consider the 
 problems of the Pacific and the Far 
 East. 
 
 Your Committee recommends the 
 adoption of these resolutions. 
 
 Lorrin A. Thurston, 
 Chairman Committee on Resoluions, 
 
 Pan-Pacific Press Conference. 
 
 Resolution No. 1. Concerning the 
 Organization of a Permanent Pan- 
 Pacific Press Conference. 
 
 Whereas, representatives of the press 
 of the countries in and bordering upon 
 the Pacific < )cean in attendance upon 
 the sessions of the Press Congress of 
 the World have been convened and are 
 now in session as the "Pan-Pacific Press 
 Conference" for the consideration of 
 matters of special concern to the jour- 
 nalism of the Pacific regions: 
 
 And Whereas the formation of a per- 
 manent organization of representatives 
 of the press of the Pacific will promote 
 the purposes for which this Conference 
 was called ; provide a means for effectu- 
 ating its objects and desires; give pub- 
 licity to its purposes and proceedings 
 and the needs of the Pacific region and 
 furnish a medium for calling and hold- 
 ing future meetings of such representa- 
 tives : 
 
 Status of Pax-Pacific Union 
 And Whereas the Pan-Pacific Union 
 is a duly incorporated body, organized 
 under the law> of the Territory of 
 
 Hawaii, U.S.A., with offices in Hono- 
 lulu, having an international Board of 
 Trustees representing the principal na- 
 tions of the Pacific, one of the main 
 objects of which is to call conferences 
 of delegates from Pacific regions to dis- 
 cuss and further interest-; common to 
 Pacific peoples, with a view to bringing 
 them into closer contact and more 
 friendly relations ; 
 
 .hid Whereas the said Pan-Pacific 
 Union has called the first Pan-Pacific 
 Press Conference with the approval and 
 cooperation of the Press Congress of 
 the World, and has financed this Confer- 
 ence and offers its services in carrying 
 forward recommendations made by the 
 Conference, in calling further Pan- 
 Pacific Conferences at such times and 
 places as may be mutually agreed upon, 
 when so requested by the proper officers 
 of the same, and in bringing the press 
 men of the Pacific into better acquain- 
 tanceship, cooperation, correspondence 
 and communication ; 
 
 Be I.t Resolved, that the members of 
 this Pan-Pacific Press Conference be 
 md hereby are organized into a perma- 
 nent body to be known as the "Pan- 
 Pacific Press Conference," to consist 
 of representatives of the press from the 
 countries and states in or bordering upon 
 the Pacific Ocean ; such representatives 
 to be appointed upon such conditions, in 
 such numbers and in such manner as 
 may be hereafter decided by the Gen- 
 eral Committee of said Conference as 
 hereinafter indicated : 
 
 Powers Vested In General Com- 
 mittee : 
 
 Be It Further Resolved, that all of the 
 po\vers of the Pan-Pacific Press Confer- 
 ence hereby formed, between the meet- 
 ings of same, shall be vested in a Gen- 
 eral Committee, consisting of not less 
 than one delegate from each country or 
 state now represented in the present 
 Conference, or which may hereafter be
 
 34 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 represented therein; who shall be ap- Term of Office 
 
 pointed by the President. The officers and members of said 
 
 \ r ,,, lvlM ,M AN|) f unctions of General and Executive Committees shall 
 
 Executive Committei continue to hold their respective offices 
 
 ... • , , until their successors are duly elected 
 
 Except as herein otherwise provided, . 
 
 - , t iL /- i r or appointed, 
 
 all ot the powers oi the General Lorn- ll 
 
 mittee shall be vested in an Executive Power to Amend Terms of 
 Committee of three, one of whom shall Organization 
 be the President, and one the Secre- The members of the General Commit- 
 tary. The Secretary shall also act as tee are i iere b y authorized, by majority 
 Treasurer of the Conference, of the Gen- vote between' sessions of this Confer- 
 ral Committee and of the Executive encej to amend or add to the terms of 
 Committee. organization herein expressed. 
 
 For purposes of convenience of ad- Resolved: That the members- of the 
 
 ministration and securing promptness of p an -Pacinc Press Congress pledge them- 
 
 action, the President and Secretary se i ves to ur?e upon t h e i r respective 
 
 shall, until otherwise ordered by the o- OV ernments the extreme desirability of 
 
 Conference or the General Committee, abolishing the requirement for passports 
 
 he residents of Honolulu, Hawaii. between Pacific countries; and, if such 
 
 Present Executive Committee course shall, in any case, be found in- 
 
 The members of the Executive Com- advisable for the present, that the regu- 
 
 mittee are hereby declared to he: lations concerning the same be simpli- 
 
 ! 'resident ned so far as practicable ; and further, 
 
 Secretary that charges in connection with the issu- 
 
 M ember -. . . ance of such passports be limited to the 
 
 , r t i- ii original fee paid at the time of issue. 
 
 Vacancies In Committee — How & l 
 
 Filled Offer of Pan-Pacific Union 
 
 Vacancies in the General Committee Accepted 
 
 or the Executive Committee, caused by Be It Further Resolved, that the said 
 
 death, resignation, disability or failure offer of the Pan-Pacific Union is hereby 
 
 to act for the space of one year, shall accepted with the sincere thanks of this 
 
 he filled by appointment by the Presi- Conference. 
 
 • lent. Regional Section of World Congress 
 
 In case of a vacancy in the office of Be It Further Resok'ed, that, in the 
 1 'resident, the same shall be filled by opinion of this Pan-Pacific Press Con- 
 vote of the General Committee. ference, it will be in the best interests 
 
 Members of the General Committee of all concerned if the Pan-Pacific Press 
 representing additional countries or Conference shall act as and be a perma- 
 states which may hereafter join said nent regional section of the Press Con- 
 Con ference, shall he appointed by the gress of the World, representing it and 
 President. cooperating with it, in and concerning 
 
 ( >fficers and members of said General all matters appertaining to or of spe- 
 
 and Executive Committees shall be here- cial interest to the countries and peoples 
 
 after elected at each meeting of the of the Pacific, and the Executive Com- 
 
 Pan-Pacific Press Conference, by a ma- mittee is hereby authorized and directed 
 
 jority vote of the delegates attending to make such arrangements to effectuate 
 
 such meeting. this suggestion as are mutually satis-
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 35 
 
 factory to it and the Press Congress of 
 the World. 
 
 Meetings of the Conference shall be 
 called by the President, or by a ma- 
 jority of the Executive Committee, at 
 such times and places as, in conference 
 with the Pan-Pacific Union, may be 
 determined, due notice thereof being 
 given to members of the Conference. 
 Appointments Subject to Veto 
 Every appointment herein provided to 
 be made by the President, shall, when 
 made, be immediately reported to each 
 member of the General Committee, and 
 shall be subject to revocation and the 
 appointment of another in place thereof, 
 upon a vote to that effect by a majority 
 of the General Committee. Until such 
 vote is received, such appointment shall 
 be effective. 
 
 Resolution No. 2 — Electrical News 
 Service In and About the Pacific 
 Ocean. 
 
 Whereas news dispatches are now 
 transmitted electrically with speed, effi- 
 ciency and economy between certain 
 countries bordering upon the Pacific 
 Ocean ; but as to certain other countries, 
 more particularly between the United 
 States on the one hand and Japan, New 
 Zealand and Australia on the other, such 
 service is neither speedy, efficient nor 
 economical ; 
 
 It is hereby declared by the Pan- 
 Pacific Press Conference now assem- 
 bled in the City of Honolulu, Territory 
 of Hawaii, U. S. A. : 
 
 That ignorance by one people of the 
 character, objects, purposes, doings and 
 intentions of other peoples, is the most 
 prolific cause of misunderstanding and 
 ill-feeling between such peoples, tending 
 to generate suspicion and produce fric- 
 tion and disagreement and is therefore 
 one of the principal causes of war. 
 
 That the easiest, quickest and best 
 medium for dispelling such ignorance is 
 the public press ; 
 
 That the day has passed when the 
 mail is adequate to transmit news from 
 one country to another ; 
 
 That communication from one country 
 to another by electric telegraph, cable 
 or wireless, is essential to that full and 
 prompt knowledge of what is transpiring 
 in the various countries to secure in 
 full measure the benefits incident to pub- 
 licity. 
 
 That to obtain the full advantage and 
 benefits of such electrical transmission 
 of press messages, it should reach all 
 parts of the civilized world by the short- 
 est, cheapest and quickest routes ; 
 
 That such service around and across 
 the Pacific Ocean is, as to some portions 
 thereof inadequate in its connections ; 
 hampered by artificial obstacles, and so 
 expensive as to be prohibitive of the 
 free use necessary to enable the press 
 to make the best and fullest use thereof; 
 
 That this Conference hereby declares 
 its unqualified conviction that prompt 
 expansion of the means of communica- 
 tion to all parts of the Pacific and ex- 
 tension to the press of facilities for 
 cheap unrestricted, uncensored and un- 
 controlled electrical communication 
 throughout the Pacific will be a most 
 potent influence for securing, establish- 
 ing and maintaining good feeling, good 
 will and peace between the peoples of 
 that region, and thus tend to a satis- 
 factory solution of the chief issue now 
 pending before the nations. 
 
 That this Conference hereby most 
 heartily commends the policy under 
 which the wireless service of the U. S. 
 Navy is now transmitting press mes- 
 sages between certain points in the Pa- 
 cific, at a low rate and hereby most 
 urgently recommends that such service 
 be expanded and extended to all parts 
 of the Pacific where practicable ; and 
 that the charges for such service shall 
 not exceed the amounts necessary to 
 make such service self-supporting.
 
 36 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Thai to insure the full and adequate 
 exchange of desirable news if the pur- 
 es ( >f this declaration arc to be as 
 sured it is necessary that means be 
 evolved for the collection of news in 
 the several countries affected and the 
 same exchanged through some comi 
 lium mutually agreed upon : 
 
 That such news having been so col- 
 d it is highly desirable that the 
 ^anic should so far as reasonablj prac- 
 ticable, he- concentrated at a com n 
 
 center, to be there segregated and for 
 warded to such points as it may be of 
 interest. Honolulu is recommended as 
 the point at which such news exchange 
 should be located. 
 
 That this Conference therefore most 
 strenuously urges the governments and 
 companies owning or controlling medi- 
 ums of electrical communication in and 
 aboul the Pacific to comply with the 
 suggestions and recommendations here 
 in contained ; 
 
 Thai the officers of this Conference 
 are herein- authorized and instructed to 
 take all necessary or proper steps to 
 secure the action herein sought. 
 
 Resolution No. 3— Defining the 
 s( ope of a( tivities of the i'.w- 
 Pacifk Press ( Inference. 
 Be It Resolved, that upon the perma- 
 nent organization of the Pan-Pacific 
 I 'iv- i inference, among other matters 
 which it ma) properly undertake, the 
 following shall he considered to be \\ ith- 
 in the scope of the activities thereof, 
 viz. : 
 
 1- To art as an agency for inter- 
 changing among the newspapers and 
 ;ixine> . . f the Pacific region accurate 
 information aboul the peoples of the 
 Pacific and their problems. 
 
 2. To arrange future conferences of 
 representatives of the Pacific press to 
 the end that the problems incident to 
 the work of the press of the Pacific 
 region shall he considered. 
 
 3. I o take such steps as are neces- 
 sary to securing cheaper rates and more 
 efficient service for telegraph, cable am! 
 wireless messages. 
 
 4. To entertain representatives of the 
 press of the Pacific a- they pass through 
 Honolulu, thus utilizing the opportunity 
 afforded for spreading the Pan-Pacific 
 spirit. 
 
 5. To investigate the feasibility of 
 die international interchange of jour- 
 nalists to the end that wider contacts 
 may he created and initiate such inter- 
 change if a practical plan can he formed. 
 
 6. To consider the practicability of 
 establishing a Pan-Pacific school of 
 journalism and take steps to bring this 
 aboul if feasible. 
 
 7. To Collect and interchange hlnis 
 and pictures that portray accurately the 
 life of the people. 
 
 8. To assist in furthering the move- 
 ment anion- Pacific countries of the 
 adoption of die Roman alphabet and of 
 a common language. 
 
 9. To take such steps as will secure 
 a modification of the ruling of the ship- 
 ping hoard, recently made, which for- 
 bids passengers on a foreign boat bound 
 for a United States port and wishing to 
 stop over in Honolulu, from resuming 
 passage on a boat of the same line. This 
 is the interpretation given the regulation 
 that no foreign hoat can carry passen- 
 gers between American ports and work's 
 a hardship upon persons coming from 
 foreign ports who wish to stop over in 
 Honolulu to attend conferences or for 
 other purposes. 
 
 Resolution No. 4 — Concerning the 
 
 Limitation op Armaments and 
 
 Prohlems of the Pacific and mm: 
 Far E vst. 
 
 Whereas, the delegates of the daily, 
 weekly and monthly pres,s of the coun- 
 tries and regions bordering the Pacific 
 having been convened in this I 'an- Paci- 
 fic Press Conference for the consider-
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 37 
 
 ation of questions pertaining particularly 
 to the Pacific regions : 
 
 . Ind Whereas, the President of the 
 United States has invited the principal 
 allied and associated powers to partici- 
 pate in a ci inference on the limitation ol 
 armaments and on the problems of the 
 Pacific and the Far East : 
 
 Therefore, Be It Resolved, that we, in 
 conference assembled, do warmly com- 
 mend the President of the United States 
 for calling what may prove to be an 
 epoch making conference and we fur- 
 ther commend him for his wisdom in 
 proposing that at this conference an 
 attempt be made to come to a common 
 understanding with respect to the prin- 
 ciples and policies which shall obtain 
 m the Far East. Furthermore, that we 
 instruct the officers of this conference 
 to convey by cable to the President of 
 the United States this resolution. 
 
 Discussion of Resolution No. 2 
 
 Mark Cohen: I would net like this 
 lution to include the word •"ineffi- 
 cient" as applied to the service of cable 
 news to Australia or New Zealand, he- 
 cause in my humble judgment it is con- 
 trary to the fact. One has to remember 
 the birth and growth of cable communi- 
 cations during the past 2? year-. Since 
 then there have been great develop- 
 ments and great improvements in cable-. 
 and remembering, as I do, that the Pa- 
 cific cable is owned by Great Britain, 
 and the several countries of Australia 
 and New Zealand and Canada, forming 
 a federation who have been able out of 
 its profits to put aside large sums of 
 money in order to secure better service, 
 and remembering further that the < rreat 
 Imperial Conference of 1909- committed 
 itself to this declaration of policy that 
 50 soon as the system of wireless had 
 progressed sufficiently as to make it 
 reliable and dependable that the govern- 
 ments of those countries should be asked 
 
 to consider the practicability of furnish- 
 ing a chain of imperial communications 
 by wireless around the globe ; and remem- 
 bering that an important delegation, 
 again headed by Canada, the moving 
 spirit ill this matter, went to Mr. As- 
 quith, Premier of Great Britain, and 
 put that view of the case before him. 
 and induced him. by solid argument, to 
 entertain the view that the day of wire- 
 less was quickly coming; I venture to 
 say in view of all this that but for the 
 unfortunate great war, a chain of wire- 
 less, assisted by that great genius of 
 wireless. Marconi, would have been in 
 existence today. 1 understand that that 
 very thing is now being evolved. 
 
 Since the press of New Zealand and 
 Australia depend on London for the 
 major supply of their news, everything 
 has been done to make that news re- 
 liable and thoroughly representative of 
 that from which it emanates. Anyone 
 who has seen the Sydney "Morning 
 Herald" or the Melbourne "Argus" or 
 my own country papers of today, will 
 remember the advance that is given to 
 world wide events, will say with me that 
 the service is dependent, reliable and 
 efficient, and far cheaper, having re- 
 card to all circumstances of the case. 
 1 recognize and freely accord the Gov- 
 ernment of the United States credit for 
 what it has done in the matter of estab- 
 lishing a service with which at all events 
 you Americans are thoroughly well satis- 
 fied, but you must have some regard 
 for the traditions of these countries 
 which has a monopoly of utilities — the 
 countries that we are looking to for 
 help and assistance, and we cannot run 
 counter to their wishes. If there is 
 a clearing house established in the Pa- 
 cific, I hope it may be established here. 
 1 hope to see the day come when all 
 sensational items are suppressed a- yi n 
 would the plague. We want news, al 
 lutely reliable news, and nothing else.
 
 38 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 We don't want sensationalism. We don'1 
 want items about the decision of 200 
 or 300 school children as to whether 
 they will wear short frocks and expose 
 part of their anatomy to the gaze of the 
 public. We call that "piffle." 
 
 You must give us some credit as 
 pioneers in this work, for having done 
 what we tried to do. We intend to go 
 on establishing wireless where we can, 
 having thought for the enterprise and 
 press of <>ur country, and we ask you 
 Americans, especially you here, to 
 second our efforts and see when the 
 time comes that we are supplied with 
 news quickly, that is thoroughly re- 
 liable, thoroughly wholesome and thor- 
 oughly dependable. (Applause.) 
 
 Mr. Tii i rston : I wish to say a 
 word of explanation on the point con- 
 cerning which Air. Cohen has addressed 
 the conference. Far be it from the 
 Committee to intend, or attempt to ig- 
 nore the news service which is going 
 to Australia from the south, by cable. 
 This question has been given more con- 
 sideration by the Committee than any 
 other point that came before it. The 
 statements which have been made here, 
 and which have called forth the criti- 
 cism from the gentleman were based on 
 information received by the delegates 
 from New Zealand, Australia, and 
 Hong Kong, in addition to the informa- 
 tion furnished by the chief of the wire- 
 station in Honolulu. The delegate 
 here from Hong Kong stated to us that 
 the news they received in Hong Kong 
 came to them not direct but by way of 
 London— telegraphed across^ the world 
 to London and then relayed to Hong 
 Kong. That does nol seem to be effi- 
 cient or economical and I have therefore 
 characterized thai as being a part of the 
 service that is inefficient and un-eco- 
 nomical. ( hie of the delegates from New 
 Zealand stated to the Committee that on 
 the way here from New Zealand, up to 
 
 the day before they reached Honolulu, 
 he was able to send messages for 4J/2d 
 or 9 cents a word, and that the day after 
 he got here he attempted to send a mes- 
 sage and was told he could not send it. 
 but was referred to the cable office 
 where he was told he could only send 
 a message at 75 cents a word. His 
 message had to be cabled to San Fran- 
 cisco, telegraphed to Victoria, and from 
 Canada cabled back to New Zealand. 
 That did not seem efficient or economi- 
 cal to the Committee — in fact, it seemed 
 a prohibitive condition of affairs. 
 
 Again, the local Committee, before the 
 Congress assembled here, took the mat- 
 ter up with the Navy wireless station, 
 which receives wireless news service in 
 Honolulu, and asked if it would not be 
 practicable to make this the center of a 
 special wireless at uniform rates. It 
 appealed to him immensely and he said 
 he would take it up and see what could 
 be done. He stated it was physically 
 possible to make contact with Japan, 
 but that the regulations did not permit 
 him to send messages to Japan. He 
 stated that it was feasible for the radio 
 station here to transmit messages, as 
 far as he knew, to New Zealand and 
 Australia, but that was not being done, 
 and that he would ascertain why not, 
 and he communicated with Washington 
 and later informed us that it could not 
 be done. 
 
 We are in daily communication with 
 Samoa, and the Fijis. The cable from 
 Samoa and Fiji can transmit messages 
 to Australia and New Zealand, but it 
 cannot be done because of a contract be- 
 tween the cable company coming to 
 New Zealand and Australia from the 
 south, by which these countries are pro- 
 hibited from receiving telegraphic or 
 wireless except over their cable over 
 a term of years, except from the sea. 
 That was why the delegate was able to 
 send messages up to the night before
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 39 
 
 he landed from the steamer. He was 
 prohibited from sending messages from 
 our local office because of the contract 
 between New Zealand and Australia 
 and that cable company. That did not 
 seem to be efficient or economical, when 
 it is within the possibilities of the wire- 
 less to transmit such message at a cost 
 not exceeding 9 cents a word, and the 
 delegate had to pay 75 cents a word. 
 
 We recognize that the communica- 
 tions which the gentleman spoke of by 
 way of the southern cable, and also 
 from Canada, is an immense advance 
 over the previous conditions when there 
 was no cable. We recognize that the 
 governments and companies in that con- 
 nection, which the honorable gentleman 
 has mentioned, looked forward to the 
 time when wireless was coming, and 
 now we feel that the time has arrived 
 when there are physical means by which 
 that communication can be cheapened 
 and made far more efficient, so that 
 countries across the waters from the 
 United States and each other can get 
 into communication, and it should be 
 recognized by this Conference, and they 
 should exercise their influence, so far as 
 practicable, to get wireless put into op- 
 eration as promptly as possible. 
 
 As to the cost, I was told by Mr. 
 McClatchy, Director of the Associated 
 Press, that the present service being con- 
 ducted by the Navy wireless will cost 
 only 6 cents a word from San Francisco 
 to the Philippines, and practically the 
 same to Japan. The present service to 
 Japan is sent by wireless to Guam, taken 
 20 mlies across the Island and then 
 cabled to Japan ; three charges for the 
 one message — in addition to the delay. 
 There is no reason, except artificial ob- 
 stacles which have been interposed, why 
 the message could not go direct from 
 San Francisco to Japan in the twinkling 
 of an eye, at the rate of 6 cents a word. 
 The Chairman told me only yesterday it 
 
 was incredible to him that such a serv- 
 ice could be obtained and yet was not 
 available. It is not our object to con- 
 demn any service of any country, but to 
 set forth the fact that this cheaper and 
 more efficient service is to be had, and 
 to make a declaration on our part that 
 we favor putting that cheaper service 
 into operation as soon as possible. 
 
 Mr. McClatchy: May I supple- 
 ment what Mr. Thurston has said by 
 another concrete example. I was told 
 by the editor of the "Nippu Jiji" that 
 his cabled news or wireless received 
 from Japan here in Honolulu cost him 
 26Yi cents per word, and that a similar 
 charge would be made from here to 
 Japan. The Navy wireless, as you have 
 been told, is sending news all the way 
 from San Francisco to Cavite, for 6 
 cents, and is prepared to send from 
 San Francisco to Japan for 6 cents a 
 word, with the cooperation of Japan, 
 and between San Francisco and Hono- 
 lulu and Honolulu and Manila, the rate 
 is less. It is obvious that the journal- 
 ists of Japan are losing not only money 
 but a great advantage in the opportunity 
 for an extended news service which 
 would be of value there and here. 
 
 Col. Lawson : I think I can explain 
 in a few words the position of the 
 British Empire in regard to this system, 
 and I think I can make the apparent 
 difficulties quite clear, if I should be al- 
 lowed to do so. The object of the 
 British Empire scheme of establishing 
 and improving the system of communi- 
 cations is this — they are endeavoring to 
 put their communications on a sound 
 commercial basis, and at every station 
 they are endeavoring to establish, it is 
 intended to be a commercial one, 
 whether operated by private companies 
 or endeavor. It is meant to be com- 
 mercial and permanent, therefore I 
 don't think it is quite fair to compare 
 it with the facilities which the U. S.
 
 40 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 \av\ Department can put at the dis- 
 posal of the public for communications 
 in the Pacific. While not wishing to 
 depreciate in any way the value of that 
 service, 1 should like to point out that 
 it is only a temporar) expedient — unless 
 the sanction is renewed, it will be void 
 on 1 11 1 \ 22nd next, and might be void 
 at any moment for strategic or other 
 reasons. Therefore I do not think it 
 quite fair to blame any part of the 
 British Empire for failing to fall in 
 with what is only a temporary expedi- 
 ent. 
 
 Dr. Pierson was over in London this 
 summer, endeavoring to arrange these 
 questions of communication in conjunc- 
 tion with our government. I have no 
 doubl but that if this service which is 
 now operating was operated on a perma- 
 nent commercial basis, it would be pos- 
 sible to make some arrangement with 
 
 tin.- cable companies of New Zealand and 
 Australia and sec that the difficulties 
 Mr. Thurston speaks of do not exist. 
 I think that this is the position as re- 
 gards the British Empire. It is not be- 
 cause the} arc not doing their best to 
 improve the system of communications, 
 not only by cable but by wifeless by all 
 means in their power, hut because they 
 .are endeavoring to get a permanent 
 solution of the problem, and that will 
 take a very long time. 
 
 As soon as the wireless chain is estab- 
 lished, there will he a high-powered sta- 
 tion in Australia, and that will he the 
 time lor entering into these arrange- 
 ments in the Pacific, which will make 
 arrangements to perfect things all 
 through. I think that explains why our 
 plans as they now stand do not fall in 
 which the temporary wireless arrange- 
 ment in operation now.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 41 
 
 A Resolution of Thanks to the News Agencies Passed 
 by the Pan-Pacific Press Conference 
 
 After resuming the chair at the con- 
 clusion of the afternoon session, Mr. 
 Alexander I tume Ford stated that the 
 last business of the Pan- 1'acihc Press 
 Conference session, which would like- 
 wise formally conclude the official pro- 
 gram of the Press Congress of the 
 World, should be, he felt, an expression 
 of hearty appreciation to the various 
 news agencies which had contributed 
 so signally to the success of the con- 
 ference, both by their comprehensive 
 news reports of world events brought 
 to 1 lawaii during the session, and by 
 the notable wide service over the world 
 given to the Conference through these 
 agencies and their correspondents. I [e 
 proposed a vote of thanks to the 
 agencies individually and collectively 
 for their sympathetic attitude in pro- 
 moting a better understanding through 
 the communication of news and also 
 for the, technical excellence with which 
 the United States Radio News Service 
 had carried the dispatches. The four 
 agencies specified are : 
 
 The Associated Press, which aug- 
 mented its daily reports to 1 lawaii 
 newspapers with a special 1,000 word 
 report. 
 
 The Chicago Tribune Syndicate 
 Service, which established especially for 
 the period of the sessions of the Press 
 Congress of the World, a 3,000 word 
 daily news report, which it collected 
 in its Chicago office from foreign news 
 dispatches gathered in all parts of the 
 world. 
 
 The United Press, which sent a fifty 
 word dispatch daily. 
 
 The United States Nayy Radio which 
 made special arrangements to handle 
 incoming and outgoing news as well as 
 placing the daily news report at the 
 disposal of the delegates at the Press 
 Congress headquarters. 
 
 In addition to the foregoing, repre- 
 sentative correspondents of other news- 
 papers and news agencies were com- 
 mended for their interest in sending 
 out complete reports of the sessions. 
 
 The chairman's proposal was carried 
 unanimously by a viva voce vote.
 
 42 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Election of the Executive Committee of the Pan-Pacific 
 
 Press Conference 
 
 Mr. Zumoto: That concludes the 
 lutions which have been under prep- 
 aration. 
 
 We have now the appointment of 
 officers for this body, first, 1 'resident. 
 Secretary and one member — these three 
 sets of nominations are now before the 
 meeting. I first call for the nomination 
 for President. Will somebody make a 
 nomination ? 
 
 Mr. McClatchy: Mr. Chairman. 
 Ladies and Gentlemen: Assuming that 
 the invitation of Chairman Zumoto for 
 me to act as Honorary Secretary does 
 not disenfranchise me. I would like to 
 offer a nomination for the responsihle 
 position i<\ President. If this Confer- 
 ence is going to accomplish anything, 
 there musl be at the head of it a man of 
 executive force and ability, and we who 
 have come here from various parts of 
 the globe, and have traveled around for 
 five or six days, and have been in con- 
 ference for five or six days more, will, 
 I think, agree that we could not select a 
 man better fitted for that position than 
 Mr. I.. A. Thurston. | Applause 
 
 I see from the sentiments expressed I 
 need say nothing further, and will leave 
 the nomination with the simple mention 
 of his name. ( Applause. I 
 
 Mr. R. 1 1. \i i kx : I would like to 
 iid the nomination of M r. Thursfc mi 
 and say that those of us who have been 
 associated with him in entertaining the 
 delegates know the degree of enthusiasm 
 In- will carry into the office of President 
 of the Pan-Pacific Press Conference, 
 and it is with great pleasure that 1 
 second the nomination. 
 
 Mr. Zumoto: It is very obvious to 
 
 everybody that a vote need not be taken, 
 hut to make everything regular, I will 
 now put it to the vote. Those in favor 
 of this nomination please say "Aye." 
 Nobody is opposed to it. so Mr. Thurs- 
 ton is unanimously elected President of 
 this new Pan-Pacific Press Conference 
 body. 
 
 Mr. Thurston: I thank you. Ladies- 
 and gentlemen, for the honor. I will trj 
 to do my best to answer the call of duty 
 and carry out the objects of this Con- 
 ference to the best of my ability. 
 
 Mr. Zumoto: The next office to be 
 filled is that of Secretary. Will some- 
 body propose a name? 
 
 Mr. Innes: Mr. Chairman, Ladies 
 and Centlemen : I have very much 
 pleasure in moving that Dr. Bunker he 
 appointed Executive Secretary of the 
 Pan- Pacific Congress. All of us have 
 come into close personal contact with 
 Dr. Bunker since we have been here. 
 We have found him courteous to a de- 
 gree, hut that courtesy has never de- 
 generated into softness where his execu- 
 tive ability was called upon. The dig- 
 nity of this organization will be very 
 great indeed. It has already at the 
 head of it a most capable President. I 
 think that if he is aided by such a 
 Secretary as Dr. Bunker there can be 
 no doubt whatever that this assembly of 
 Sons of the Morning will spread its 
 lighl throughout the whole Pacific and 
 to the lands beyond the sea. I have very 
 much pleasure in moving that Dr. 
 Bunker be appointed Executive Secre- 
 tary. (Applause.)
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 43 
 
 Mr. .Zumoto: There seems to be no 
 necessity to take a vote on this nomi- 
 nation of Dr. Frank F. Bunker as Sec- 
 retary. Those in favor, say "Aye." Dr. 
 Bunker is unanimously elected Secretary. 
 (Applause.) 
 
 Another nomination must be made to 
 fill the list of executive officers and 
 members of the executive body. Will 
 somebody make a nomination ? 
 
 Mr. Petrie: Mr. Chairman, Ladies 
 and Gentlemen : For the post of mem- 
 ber of this very important committee, I 
 have great pleasure in proposing Mr. 
 
 Soga, Editor of the Nippu Jiji, of this 
 city. Mr. Soga is known to most of us 
 here. He is a distinguished journalist 
 and citizen of Honolulu, and in every 
 way he is well qualified for the position 
 of member. Further, I think his ap- 
 pointment would give an international 
 Pan-Pacific touch to the constitution of 
 this committee, which I think is to be 
 desired. (Applause.) 
 
 Mr. Zumoto: As a fellow country- 
 man of Mr. Soga, it is with great pleas- 
 ure I have heard this nomination. Will 
 somebody second it? Those in favor 
 say "Aye." (Carried.)
 
 44 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Pan-Pacific Cable News Service 
 
 By T. PetriE, 
 Editor, South China Morning Post, Hongkong 
 
 "Tell them we wain a broader, bigger 
 brighter and better cable news service." 
 That was the last injunction I received 
 "ii leaving Hongkong to attend this con- 
 e. 
 Hitherto the position has not been sat- 
 ctory. I [ongkong is tied to Reuter, 
 Manila to the Associated Press, Tokyo 
 to ECokusia. No agency treads on the 
 Lind of another, and costs are far too 
 high for the development of individual 
 enterprise. Shanghai, on the other hand, 
 is a dumping ground for many services, 
 ter is the chief ingredient of a con- 
 1 nia^s of intelligence landed there, 
 bul the lump is leavened by smatterings of 
 American and French wireless, and sup- 
 plemented by liberal doses of Russian 
 and German information of doubtful or- 
 igin and authenticity. It is not an ideal 
 dish, but, in such a mixed community. 
 n ibably meets with more acceptani e 
 than any single agency service could pos 
 sibJ mand. 
 
 What we should aim at is the ideal 
 
 dish. 
 
 Reuter, as a British agency, features 
 
 British news and views. The Associated 
 
 aters for American readers, while 
 
 Kokusai, which I believe is a camouflaged 
 
 Reuter offshoot, is intended solely for 
 
 imption. Xo! one of th 
 big • agencies deals, except in the 
 
 Lshion, with the news which 
 ask, the news of the coun- 
 tries bordering the Pacific. They tell us 
 of happenings, mainly political, in Lon- 
 don, Paris, Washington, but seldom do 
 the) enlightenment as to what is 
 
 transpiring in those- vasl territories which 
 
 border the Pacific, the peoples of which 
 comprise one-third of the population of 
 the globe. They tell us little or nothing 
 about our immediate neighbors, and it 
 follows that such news as we get, pre- 
 sented as it is in different ways in dif- 
 ferent countries, is not conducive to 
 good understanding. Errors creep in, 
 even falsehoods, and friction results. 
 This is perhaps the chief disadvantage of 
 the present system, or lack of system. 
 
 Some months ago I received a letter 
 from Mr. Ford, director of the Pan-Pa- 
 cific Union, in which he suggested Ho- 
 nolulu as a center for the collection and 
 mination of news to ami from the 
 Pacific. Herein lies an opportunity for 
 the Pan-Pacific Press Conference to step 
 in and to perform a real service not only 
 to pressdom but to the reading public of 
 Pacific lands. Benjamin Franklin des- 
 cribed the press as "the mistress of intelli- 
 gence." It behooves us to guard that 
 title. To be worthy of the dignity it im- 
 plies, it is imperative that the press of the 
 Pacific should move with the times. The 
 war has altered many things. It has 
 broadened the outlook of millions. No 
 longer are we satisfied with news from 
 the homeland alone, the news which in 
 days gone by came like water to thirst}' 
 souls. We want to be fully informed of 
 current events in other lands, and chiefly 
 want to know and become acquainted 
 with our neighbors. We want to get to- 
 gether and to understand each other. 
 Then we must give a thought to the 
 wants of the native elements who sur- 
 1 lis. The foreign press is an mi- 
 nt factor in bringing enlightenment
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 45 
 
 to many millions of races who are just 
 beginning to interest themselves in the 
 doings of the western world. The num- 
 bers of native readers of the foreign 
 press in China, Japan, Malaya and else- 
 where on the Pacific are increasing by 
 leaps and bounds, and no progressive 
 'newspaper can afford to ignore their 
 wants. 
 
 It should be possible for us to organize 
 a liberal and inexpensive yet thoroughly 
 reliable and acceptable general news ser- 
 vice for the Pacific. 
 
 A broader service — a service of world- 
 wide scope and outlook, a service which 
 as far as possible will reveal both sides of 
 the picture at the same time. 
 
 A bigger service — a service which will 
 not be restricted by the terms of a con- 
 tract yielding so many words for so many 
 dollars, a service always as big as the 
 event recorded warrants. 
 
 A brighter service — a service which 
 will deal much more liberally with the 
 happy side of international affairs and 
 much less liberally with the petty woes 
 and worries which torment humanity. 
 
 A better service — a service of real 
 live news and news only, a service which 
 will not attempt* in any way to influence 
 the minds of the writers who may have 
 to handle it. 
 
 Surely between us we can provide a 
 service on these lines. A central organi- 
 zation will be needed to collect and dis- 
 tribute the news. I can think of no bet- 
 ter center than Honolulu, the hub of the 
 Pacific. Here we alreadv have the nucle- 
 
 us of the organization and the willingness 
 to work. This great Pacific ('able 
 News Service will need a staff and a 
 number of correspondents. The cost will 
 be heavy, but as a setoff there will soon 
 be heavy, but as a set-off there should 
 soon arise a demand for Pacific news 
 from our organization, which news will 
 be supplied by and credited to its re- 
 spective contributors. Telegraphic 
 charges will be the main item of cost, 
 but it will be the duty of our organ- 
 ization to continually presn for reduc- 
 tion. By ceaseless agitation we can. 
 I am sure, obtain both cheap and bet- 
 ter telegraphic facilities than we have 
 hitherto had. With wireless and the 
 submarine cable competing for our busi- 
 ness — they are bound to do this in time 
 — such a news service as I have outlined 
 can be organized and operated with bene- 
 fit to all concerned. Better served, the 
 press can do much to tone down and even 
 dispel the many misunderstandings and 
 jealousies which afflict the cosmopolitan 
 communities bordering the Pacific. Some 
 members of the Conference may consider 
 a Pacific cable news service such as I 
 have outlined in advance of the times. 
 but those members who have resided in 
 the East for a number of years cannot 
 fail to appreciate and approve the mo- 
 tive which has inspired the idea. A big 
 change in the collection and distribution 
 of cable news must come sooner or 
 later, and it will be well to prepare, for 
 much water will flow under the bridge 
 before such a get-together opportunity 
 as this gathering offers occurs again.
 
 46 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Trans-Pacific News Communication 
 
 V. S. McClatchy 
 Director Associated Press 
 
 The most important subject which The work of the Press Congress of 
 
 can be offered for consideration of the the World, and of the Pan-Pacific 
 
 I 'ress Congress of the World at this Union, so far as this question is con- 
 
 time is reliable international news com- cerned, may now be confined to insur- 
 
 inunication. Only through such com- ing continuance of the facilities al- 
 
 munication can we dissipate ignorance, ready established, and to inducing co- 
 
 and prevent the misunderstandings operation of other countries on the Pa- 
 
 which create suspicion and distrust, and cific, so as to extend and broaden those 
 
 serve as forerunners and causes of war. facilities and secure the greatest possi- 
 
 This subject is of more immediate bIe general benefit therefrom. 
 
 importance than disarmament even. The most effective plan for expedit- 
 
 since no nation is justified in laying ing freight transportation for long dis- 
 
 aside the weapons of defense upon tances is to provide a canal on which 
 
 which the nation's life may depend, any one may operate carrier boats for 
 
 until assured by knowledge of senti- a nominal fee. The most effective plan 
 
 ment and conditions in other countries for securing reliable international news 
 
 that weapons are no longer needed. communication is to provide facilities 
 
 •ri r> -n -c tt • i 1 -j. for accurate and rapid transmission of 
 
 I he ran-Pacinc Union has shown its r . . , 
 
 r ,. r ^1 • news reports, at a nominal word rate, 
 
 appreciation of the importance of this , . l . , ..... f 
 
 , c . ., , , and throw those facilities open for use 
 
 matter by confining its tentative agenda . . . . . 1 , . ,. 
 
 f ., ~ ., °, . by reputable news associations and mdi- 
 
 tor tlie present Congress to the subiect .. , , 
 
 c ,< n ,. ,, . .,_ . vidual newspapers, the news reports to 
 
 ol Communication in its various . , , r , 
 
 , i rp, , , . be independent, free from government 
 
 phases. 1 he papers prepared, and thus - 1 . . b . A , . 
 
 „ • , , , ,1 , . control or censorship, unassisted by 
 
 lai printed, however, treat the subiect ... . \l . J 
 
 oc . n „ , , , , , n- subsidy, and to be self-supporting. 
 
 as a problem unsolved, and offer sug- . • x ' . , , ?. . 
 
 gestions for solutions. Those are P reclsel y the conditions 
 
 which now exist for trans-Pacific news 
 As a matter of fact, the solution of communication in certain districts, and 
 the problem of trans-Pacific news com- w hich may be, and should be extended 
 munication was presented by me over to all countries bordering on this ocean. 
 two years ago, and was adopted by With the example of a system of the 
 Congress over a year ago, and the plan kind successfully operating on the Pa- 
 has been in successful operation since, cific, it will be a question of time only 
 Today, the people of China, and Japan, when the balance of the world will in- 
 and the Philippines, and Hawaii, and sist on enjoying similar advantages. 
 the United States, are finding their A brief statement of communication 
 vision broadened and their misunder- conditions on the Pacific, with the de- 
 standings disappearing, through the in tail of the plan and its operation, will 
 fluence of an extended, uncensored daily be found in an article written by me 
 news report. for "Editor and Publisher" of New
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 47 
 
 York, the issue of March 12, 1921. The on the theory that if the plan did not 
 
 investigation made by Congress in the work successfully, such power should 
 
 matter, is covered in transcript of hear- not continue, while if the method of 
 
 ings held in September and October, communication proved successful, Con- 
 
 1919, before the radio sub-committees gress would undoubtedly extend the 
 
 of the Senate Naval Affairs Committee, authorization. 
 
 and the House Committee on Merchant Newg reportg haye been transmitted 
 
 Marine and Fisheries. across the p adfk under that plan since 
 
 For present purposes, it will suffice January, 1920. At first, there were 
 
 to say, that Congress passed in June many difficulties, and shortcomings, but 
 
 1920 a resolution, authorizing the Navy they have been gradually overcome. In- 
 
 Department to use its radio facilities stallation of high power machines and 
 
 for two years for news communication improved sending and receiving appara- 
 
 under certain conditions ; that the Navy tus, have trebled the speed, and now 
 
 Department made a rate per word for enable San Francisco to receive direct 
 
 news transmission across the Pacific, from Cavite without relay. Three inde- 
 
 San Francisco to Cavite (near Manila) pendent daily reports now go westward 
 
 of six cents per word, the lowest rate from San Francisco — that of the Asso- 
 
 for long distance transmission of inde- dated Press, 1100 words; the United 
 
 pendent news reports in the world ; that Press, about 500 words, and a special 
 
 the Navy radio in this matter, acts report for the Japan Advertiser of 
 
 practically as a common carrier, and Tokyo ; while special correspondents of 
 
 that news reports thus transmitted, are some American newspapers use the new 
 
 not subject to government control or radio to a limited extent for sending 
 
 censorship. news from the Far East. The Asso- 
 
 This authorization was granted in the ciated Press re P ort is used at Honolulu 
 face of pronounced opposition from h Y English and Japanese newspapers, 
 radio corporations, and notwithstanding and at Manila b X English and vernacu- 
 a well-defined objection in Congress to Iar newspapers. At Guam, it is carried 
 extending Navy jurisdiction over public across the island b y motor car and re " 
 utilities. This opposition lost its force la y ed b X cable to Tok y°> whence lt 1S 
 in face of the undisputed statement of distributed through Japan by "Kokusai," 
 facts and the very grave national and the Japanese news agency. At Cavite 
 international interests now dependent on the A - R re P ort 1S broadcasted by Navy 
 news communication across the Pacific, wireless, and picked up in Shanghai and 
 It was conceded that congested lines Peking, and used by the English and 
 and prohibitive rates made imprac- vernacular newspapers of China. It is 
 ticable the use of private cable and similarly available in Vladivostok and 
 radio lines for the purpose, and that the elsewhere if there be receiving stations 
 plan proposed was the only feasible one or sni P s to record it. 
 that promised success. The resolution The Navy Department recently an- 
 was passed partly because of my assur- nounced that it is prepared to carry for 
 ance, that with proper facilities, and a the news associations daily east-bound 
 six-cent rate, news associations and in- reports, covering news of the Far East 
 dividual newspapers would themselves if delivered to it at Manila for trans- 
 insure the sending of independent and mission to San Francisco. Regular re- 
 reliable news reports. The authoriza- ports of this character have not yet 
 tion was granted for two years only, been inaugurated, but doubtless will be
 
 48 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 mmenced when arrangements for 
 gathering news from the continent of 
 \da can be completed. 
 
 The French Government has already 
 entered into an arrangement under 
 
 which it will use its large wireless st; 
 
 ii at Shanghai, cooperating with our 
 Navy Department, in maintaining wire- 
 less communication between the tv 
 continents. The Navy Department is 
 endeavoring to secure under this ar- 
 rangement, a special news rate. The 
 American Federal Wireless Company 
 is now constructing for China a num 
 her i't high power stations, which, when 
 completed, can he used in conjunction 
 with our Navy system for international 
 news communication; and Japan has al- 
 ready officially indicated her willingness 
 to cooperate in exchange of news re- 
 ports hy wireless with the United States. 
 
 This brief statement of the facts gives 
 an indication of the development already 
 made in the use of wireless for news 
 mmunication on the Pacific and the 
 inner in which the system can he ex- 
 tended. It i.s only necessary for Aus- 
 tralia, New Zealand and other coun- 
 tri( adopt the policy inaugurated i>\ 
 
 the United States, and now working 
 successfully to establish, as it were, wire- 
 canals for the carriage of inde- 
 pendent new report boats, and make a 
 , connection with the canals already estab- 
 lished, and there can be then, perfect 
 interchange across the Pacific, among all 
 peoples, of uncensored and reliable 
 news reports. 
 
 The foundation of this ideal system 
 
 rests, it will be s CrUi upon maintenance 
 oi "pen way- for uncensored news re- 
 ports at a low word rate, and accessi- 
 bilit) thereto for all responsible news 
 associatii ins, i ir new -papers. 
 
 That foundation is threatened at this 
 time in the fact that Congress has thus 
 far failed to renew the authorization for 
 
 use of Navy radio facilities for news 
 purposes, expiring in July, 1922, and 
 interested parties are apparently seeking 
 to prevent congressional action in the 
 matter. 
 
 Should no action be taken by Con- 
 gress, the present reports must cease in 
 eight months, and we will revert at once 
 to prior conditions, which made it im- 
 practical for any adequate news ex- 
 change between Asia and America. 
 Wireless and cable companies regard 
 news as objectionable business, requir- 
 ing a low rate, and interfering with 
 profitable commercial business: news 
 rates on the Pacific, by either cable or 
 wireless, are prohibitive, and do not in-' 
 sure prompt delivery, three times the 
 commercial rate being asked for expe 
 dited service; and wireless companies 
 have shown a disposition to duplicate 
 cable rates instead of offering much 
 lower rates. 
 
 It would seem the proper plan there- 
 fore, for the Press Congress of the 
 World, and the Pan-Pacific Union, is to 
 concentrate all their energies now on 
 securing the maintenance of the pres- 
 ent system of communication by the 
 United States, and the adoption of a 
 similar policy in cooperation by all other 
 countries on the Pacific. We do not 
 undertake construction of canal boats 
 until we have planned and ensured con- 
 struction of our main canal, and en- 
 couraged planning of subsidiary feeding 
 canals. Time and energy should not be 
 wasted, therefore, in devising the kind 
 of trans-Pacific news reports to estab- 
 lish, or the agencies that shall control 
 them, when the system of common car- 
 rier to transmit those reports has not 
 been permanently established. Insure 
 the carrier system, with facilities open 
 to all, and the other problems will dis- 
 appear as rapidly as they did in the 
 matter of supplying reports to Honolulu, 
 Manila and Tokyo, as narrated herein.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 49 
 
 Interchange of News in the Pacific 
 
 By Riley H. Allen 
 Editor Honolulu Star-Bulletin. 
 
 There can be no difference of opinion greater variety of news, and especially 
 
 among newspapermen of the countries for Oriental and American news, to be 
 
 in the Pacific, or bordering the Pacific, made available for Australia and New 
 
 as to the high desirability of that mil- Zealand. Hawaii's geographical posi- 
 
 lennium of "better understanding" about tion is such, and the development of 
 
 which we have heard with significant the island press has been such, as to 
 
 frequency from the day the Press Con- bring home to us daily the desirability 
 
 gress of the World opened. of a vastly increased news service 
 
 We need not debate the question throughout Pacific lands. We know 
 
 whether freer interchange of news and also that the majority of newspapers in 
 
 views about really important Pacific the Pacific islands and in Asia are 
 
 questions will help to promote better financially unable to assume a greater 
 
 understanding — the truth of it is self- burden of news expense than they now 
 
 evident. carry, and many are finding their costs 
 
 We need not assure our Anglo-Saxon, in traffic tariffs and the salaries of cor- 
 
 Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Korean fel- respondents a greater load than is com- 
 
 low-newspapermen that if the channels fortable. 
 
 of communication about and across the Nor need I emphasize that the news- 
 Pacific were broader and smoother, we papermen of Hawaii believe that this 
 who live about the Pacific would be less freer interchange of national news would 
 apt to suspect each other's motives and have a beneficial political effect in addi- 
 criticise each other's actions. The truth tion to its obvious benefit to the news- 
 of that is self-evident, too. paper by the greater diversity and bal- 
 
 Our first problem is right here among ance of matter which it could offer its 
 those of us who are fortunate enough readers. Our visitors, I am sure, will 
 to be at the Press Congress of the not have failed to see that in Hawaii 
 World, and this Pan-Pacifis conference, we Americans believe in frank exchange 
 It is to translate all the energy and fer- of views on important and sometimes 
 vor and gallant spirit expressed in the delicate subject's with our fellow-resi- 
 many addresses and papers into certain dents of other races. On a vastly larger 
 concrete terms which shall formulate at scale, that same principle would be car- 
 least one or two courses of action to be ried out in the great news-exchange 
 undertaken immediately after this con- which we should like to see developed 
 ference has concluded. for the Pacific. 
 
 I need hardly emphasize to our visit- Taking it for granted that we have 
 
 ors that we newspapermen in Hawaii fairly similar ideas on the principles and 
 
 agree with what has been said of the purposes just mentioned, how can we 
 
 need for lower press rates ; the need for put them into action ? 
 
 a broader service between the United My two suggestions, and they are put 
 
 States and the Orient ; the need for a forth with entire knowledge of the difFi-
 
 50 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 till t \ of carrying them out, are, first, an 
 international press ran-; and secondly, 
 the use of government wireless stations 
 t< i carry the new s. 
 
 In connection with the latter, let me, 
 for Hawaii, heartily second what Mr. 
 McClatch) of Sacramento said to the 
 Press Congress of the World a few days 
 ago thai the aerreemenl by which the 
 government radio is made available for 
 communications on the Pacific be ex- 
 tended, after its first two-year period 
 ends next July. The renewal of this 
 agreement is so imperative to the 
 welfare of the American newspapers 
 of the Pacific that I cannot emphasize 
 it too strongly. It means so much 
 to the future of the Pacific for press 
 service to be comprehensive, unham- 
 pered and efficient that an abrogation 
 of the present system would be dis- 
 asl rous. 
 
 1. The International Press Rate: 
 
 Various suggestions have been made 
 
 in recent years, and especially since the 
 conclusion of the World-War, for na- 
 tional press rates. ( )ne such suggestion 
 which received considerable attention 
 has, 1 believe, been considered by the 
 British government — that a uniform one- 
 cenl rate be established for press mat- 
 ter between any two points in the Brit- 
 ish dominions. I have read also that 
 the French government has considered 
 a similar plan. 
 
 Now obviously this plan is not based 
 primarily on the expense of such a 
 traffic service. It takes no account of 
 distances to be covered, relays to be 
 made or other physical features. The 
 plan is based primarily on a realization 
 nt the value of an empire-wide press 
 service, a service which shall permit 
 and encourage the transmission of a 
 great volume of new- at a low cost. It 
 is b;is C ,l on a recognition of the need 
 for giving to far-separated peoples a 
 
 sense of their common interests and 
 c< immon destinj . 
 
 No private business could set up such 
 an arrangement, in which the charge to 
 patron is based not at all on the cost 
 of operation, and survive. But a gov- 
 ernment which spends billions to build 
 battleships which may newer fire a shot, 
 or drill armies that may newer be called 
 into the held, can subsidize the lines of 
 communication, either government- or 
 privately-owned, and make such a uni- 
 form rate possible. 
 
 It may be argued that while a single 
 government might perfect such an ar- 
 rangement, the technical difficulties in- 
 volved in immense distances and var- 
 ious kinds of communication facilities 
 would make an international plan im- 
 possible. 1 do not think so. I think 
 that if we accept the idea of an inter- 
 national press rate as sound, we and 
 other countries would have no more 
 difficulties working out the details than 
 we had with our international postal 
 conventions. — and the United States, for 
 instance, has successfully operated un- 
 der international postal conventions 
 since 1869. 
 
 This is a day when international 
 standardization is being used to pro- 
 mote business — why not use it to pro- 
 mote communications and peace? We 
 are getting to a universal system of 
 weights and measures; we have inter- 
 national telegraphic unions already. It 
 is noteworthy that an adviser to the 
 French treasury department. Monsieur 
 I. Bourquin, has just proposed in La 
 Revue Mondiale an international money 
 to pass at par throughout the world in 
 all international transactions. 
 
 \ uniform press rate would im- 
 mensely stimulate and simplify press 
 traffic around the world. I think per- 
 haps its greatest value would be to 
 bring world-news to remote communi- 
 ties. Its value in getting the larger
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 51 
 
 communities of North and South Amer- 
 ica. Europe, Asia, Australasia, and 
 Africa into contact with each other 
 would be scarcely less. 
 
 1 do not mean to surest government 
 control of the news in any form, except 
 the physical features of the traffic. My 
 thought is that the support and activi- 
 ties of the governments concerned 
 would he confined to providing the 
 facilities for transmission, and paying 
 the hills — for assuredly, at the outset, 
 there would he some deficits. 
 
 Perhaps the single arbitrary control 
 which the governments should exercise 
 would he on the point of volume of 
 news matter to he carried. Of course 
 they could not he expected to turn their 
 facilities over without limit. Within 
 the limits, however, it should not he a 
 matter of government dictation what 
 sort of matter was transmitted, except 
 as are already imposed by constitutional 
 law. 
 2. Use of Government Wireless Stations 
 
 What 1 have just said on a uniform 
 press rate must he considered with the 
 second suggestion of greatly developing 
 the use of government wireless. 
 
 Hawaii has made and is making per- 
 haps greater use of wireless in peace- 
 time than any other community in the 
 world. It was in these islands that 
 wireless was first made commercially 
 practicable. For a good many years 
 the daily papers of Honolulu have re- 
 ceived almost, and are now receiving 
 all. of their news report by wireless. 
 
 < )ur very successful use of wireless, 
 and especially the fine cooperation and 
 efficient traffic arrangements which the 
 Honolulu papers are receiving from the 
 United States naval radio system makes 
 me believe it entirely practicable for 
 governments to place their wireless sys- 
 tems in the service of the press — and 
 not. of course, from a commercial mo- 
 tive, but from the patriotic and quite as 
 
 legitimate motive of promoting world- 
 interests. 
 
 Wireless is still in its infancy, and 
 yet today Hawaii can talk with Paris. 
 If necessary, we could tonight put a 
 message into that barred capital of 
 Soviet Russia which is under the 
 shadows of mystery almost as deep as 
 those which once shrouded the For- 
 bidden City. During the war our navy 
 operators here heard French operators 
 on a lofty tower in Bordeaux, and ( ier- 
 man operators signalling from the 
 masts at Nauen. 
 
 Establishment of pr< wireless 
 
 around the world, with the governments 
 providing traffic facilities, means three 
 principal prior things: 
 
 First, agreement by the governments 
 that they will do it. Secondly, the erec- 
 tion of wireless stations at many points 
 and the enlargement and strengthening 
 of other stations. Thirdly, the develop- 
 ment of news exchange agreements and 
 contracts between existing news agen- 
 cies, and probably an international news 
 agency to supervise the great system. 
 And the government service should be 
 so developed that the individual corre- 
 spondent would be able to file his dis- 
 patches without danger of being choked 
 off or crowded out by the big agencies. 
 
 Such a plan might seem Utopian were 
 it not for our experience in Hawaii with 
 the use of the United States navy radio 
 svstem. By act of congress, the facili- 
 ties of the navy wireless have been 
 made available to American newspapers 
 and news agencies, and the compara- 
 tively short time this has been in opera- 
 tion has proved a boon to the local 
 dailies. 
 
 We have found the navy officers and 
 staff charged with the duty of handling 
 this traffic keenly alive to its impor- 
 tance, deeply interested in perfecting; 
 the technical side, and with their imagi- 
 nations stirred by the possibilities for
 
 52 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 development of this mysterious force legitimate business of commercial cable 
 
 which can fling the words of men in- and wireless systems. As international 
 
 stantly to immense distances, to be read business grows, these are finding their 
 
 by millions of people we shall never see facilities taxed in the straight com- 
 
 but whose interests more and more are mercial traffic. Some of them frankly 
 
 becoming identical with ours. do not want to handle press service. 
 
 The local staff and equipment of the Nor do I propose any system to tear 
 na\ \ radio can handle with ease 27,000 down the large news-gathering and 
 words a day. You have perhaps noticed distribution agencies whose development 
 that during the sessions of the Congress is really among the wonders of the 
 we have been printing an augmented world. Today we have a close and 
 telegraphic service. In addition to the cordial cooperation between the Asso- 
 regular daily news report of the Asso- ciated Press and the United States navy 
 ciated Press, we are getting more than radio in bringing world-news to Ha- 
 a thousand words extra a day from the waii, and I have no doubt that same 
 Associated Press and the Chicago cordial spirit could be maintained with 
 Tribune, recognizing the importance of international systems, 
 this congress, has enterprisingly given a In peace-time — and this whole con- 
 three thousand word daily report espec- gress is an illustration of the hope that 
 ially compiled by its syndicate service, peace may continue — in peace-time the 
 All of this has been handled efficiently government wireless can easily handle 
 by the navy radio here — more, it was an immense press traffic. The United 
 handled without serious delay or inter- States navy plant and staff here can 
 ruption even when we were getting handle a much larger volume of traffic 
 play-by-play bulletins, every few min- than it is now called upon to handle, 
 utes, on the world-series baseball at New With the increase in number of wireless 
 York last week. stations, and the steadily improving 
 
 It seems to me that governments may service which the fertile invention and 
 well expend some of the great sums they the enthusiastic industry of wireless ex- 
 will save by limitation of armaments in perts are developing, it will become 
 developing wireless press service. It more and more easy to flash tens of 
 would not take many of the millions of thousands of words a day around the 
 dollars which go into dreadnoughts, to world. That opens to the newspaperman 
 build stations and establish operating such a vista of possibilities that it seems 
 staffs sufficient to cover the globe. indeed like a dream. But a great part 
 
 Such a plan as is herewith suggested of that dream has already come true in 
 
 would not necessarily conflict with the this part of the Pacific.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 53 
 
 Field of Service for the Pan-Pacific Press Congress 
 
 Lorrin A. Thurston 
 Proprietor Honolulu Advertiser 
 
 "'Oo's the bloke?" 
 
 " 'Ee's a stranger." 
 
 " 'Eave a 'arf a brick at 'im !' 
 
 (From a suppositious conversation be- 
 tween two English laborers concerning 
 a passerby.) 
 
 The foregoing is illustrative of a 
 trait in human nature — an innate feel- 
 ing that every stranger is an enemy. 
 
 It is doubtless an inheritance from 
 the days of the "cave era," when man 
 was a "beast of prey," taking what he 
 could and holding what he took — when 
 he was strong enough to do so. 
 
 It is a survival from the days of un- 
 curbed individualism, when "might 
 was right" — when every man's hand 
 was against every other man. 
 
 In these twentieth century days, man- 
 kind has progressed to the extent, at 
 least, that all other men are not neces- 
 sarily enemies ; that some may even be. 
 prima facie, friends — those, for exam- 
 ple, of the same family, clan, and, more 
 latterly, of the same nation — although 
 it is historically but of yesterday that 
 the Scot and Briton looked askance at 
 one another, and even the "hielander" 
 and the "lowlander" of "bonny Scot- 
 land" were each the legitimate prey of 
 the other ; and the warm sentiment 
 with which, on general principles, a 
 south-of-Irelander still regards the 
 English needs no elaborate proof. 
 
 The millenium is not in sight. It is 
 not even within hearing distance over 
 the horizon, nor within signaling dis- 
 tance by wireless !• 
 
 Is Manifestation of Spirit 
 
 It is, however, conceivable that the 
 friendliness which has in course of time 
 expanded from family to clan, from 
 clan to nation, and, to some extent, to 
 
 nations of kindred blood or principles, 
 can be extended to nations not of the 
 same race origin, or who have been 
 nurtured to revere different ideals ! 
 
 It is an axiom that "like produces 
 like." 
 
 That acquaintance begets friendliness. 
 
 "Pan-Pacificism" as evidenced in and 
 through the "Pan-Pacific Union" is the 
 visible manifestation of a spirit — a sen- 
 timent ; and that spirit — that sentiment 
 is, that friendliness begets friendliness 
 — friendliness evolves cooperation, and 
 cooperation results in progress. 
 
 The great distances between the 
 shores of the Pacific, and, until re- 
 cently, the scarcity of speedy steamers 
 and the complete absence of cables and 
 wireless, prevented communication be- 
 tween the countries bordering thereon; 
 knowledge of what was transpiring 
 across the ocean and intimate acquaint- 
 ance between citizens of the Occident 
 and the Orient, almost as completely 
 as though the respective countries had 
 been located in separate worlds. 
 
 No better evidence is required of the 
 recent remoteness of Hawaii from the 
 other Pacific countries-, and they from 
 each other, than the fact that the news 
 of the election of President McKinley 
 came to Honolulu by a steamer sailing 
 from Yokohama, Japan, and the news 
 that President Cleveland intended to 
 restore the Hawaiian monarchy reached 
 Hawaii by a steamer sailing from Vic- 
 toria, Canada, and the news of the rec- 
 ognition of the provisional government 
 of Hawaii by the United States reached 
 Hawaii by a steamer sailing from Auck- 
 land, New Zealand. 
 
 During the past two decades com- 
 munication, both steam and electric,
 
 54 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 across the Pacific has rapidly devel- 
 oped; but, until a chance visitor — one 
 Alexander I Innie Ford — breezed into 
 Honolulu, well within that period, but 
 little advance had been made in the 
 bringing together of the peoples of the 
 Pacific. 
 
 Tribute Paid Ford 
 
 Whether Ford evolved the spirit of 
 "Pan-Pacificism"- —the spirit of friend- 
 lines- of co-operation — of progress, 
 out of his own inner consciousness, or 
 whether he crvstalized it out of the 
 balmy breezes and friendly atmosphere 
 • if Hawaii, has not been revealed; but 
 as a matter of historical fact, the gen- 
 tleman was soon in full cry Upon a 
 scent which led to a shrine dedicated 
 to friendliness entitled "The Hands 
 Around the Pacific Club." 
 
 After spending some months in Ho- 
 nolulu proclaiming the virtues of this 
 organization to a somewhat skeptical 
 community, remindful of the voice of 
 the prophet crying in the wilderness. 
 Ford, not a bit discouraged or abashed, 
 departed on a swing around the grand 
 circuit of the Pacific, taking in New 
 Zealand. Australia, the Philippines, 
 China and Japan. 
 
 The only credentials which he carried 
 were his own optimistic, almost beatific 
 enthusiasm and a letter from the gover- 
 nor of Hawaii couched in somewhat 
 general terms, to the effect that the 
 writer thought that Ford was "alright." 
 
 In the course of a year or so Ford 
 returned to Honolulu — not with a string 
 of scalps at his belt, but with a sheaf 
 of endorsements of the "Hands Around 
 the Pacific" ideal, by high officials and 
 public organizations of the several 
 countries named, where branches of the 
 new organization had been established 
 by him. A natural inquiry was: 
 "What is there in this for Ford?" 
 Honolulu has long ago arrived at the 
 conclusion that there is nothing in it 
 
 for Ford — nothing except the "joy oi 
 service" and the exhilaration incident 
 to accomplishment. 
 
 This brilliant beginning of a move- 
 ment which has finally evolved into the 
 Tan-Pacific Union, was due to Ford's 
 intense enthusiasm, patent sincerity and 
 unflagging energy ; but even these quali- 
 ties, combined as they were, with his 
 magnetic and almost uncanny faculty 
 of setting other people to work, would 
 not have succeeded in galvanizing the 
 traditional lethargy of the East into 
 action, if it had not been that the time 
 was ripe for just such a movement. 
 
 Spirit Takes Hold 
 
 That the time was ripe, is evidenced 
 by the rapidity with which the spirit 
 of "Pan-Pacificism" has taken hold and 
 "friendly cooperation" become the 
 slogan of all the Pacific countries which 
 have come within the sphere of the 
 spirit. 
 
 There seems to have come into the 
 Pacific world — spontaneously — like unto 
 a new creation — the feeling that the old 
 policies of aloofness — of isolation — of 
 "every man for himself and the devil 
 take the hindermost," are obsolete. 
 
 The feeling that friendliness and co- 
 operation were to lead the- Pacific na- 
 tions out of the wilderness of suspi- 
 cion and doubt, seems to have been just 
 beneath the surface, awaiting the magic 
 touch which should crystalize this latent 
 sentiment into realization and action— 
 and this touch was supplied by Ford. 
 
 So much for the animating cause and 
 the avenue through which "Pan-Paci- 
 ficism" has arrived at its present posi- 
 tion of beneficent activity. 
 
 It is easy to formulate generalities 
 and express appreciation of good in- 
 tentions; but "the proof of the pudding 
 is in the eating of it," and one fact is 
 worth a hundred theories. 
 
 I wish to place on record a concrete 
 instance of accomplishment directly due
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 55 
 
 to the Pan-Pacific Union, which would 
 not have occurred but for the existence 
 of that organization, which appears to 
 me to justify all of the time, effort and 
 expense which has been expended upon 
 its organization and maintenance. 
 
 In October, 1920, a most disturbing 
 condition of affairs existed in Hawaii, 
 with possibilities of developing in such 
 manner as to intensify already existing 
 race suspicion, leading even to possible 
 international friction. 
 
 Following the war spirit engendered 
 on the mainland against the German 
 newspapers and schools and the propa- 
 ganda carried on through them, the 
 sentiment had become prevalent in Ha- 
 waii that the local so-called "Language 
 Schools"-— chiefly Japanese — should be 
 abolished or radically controlled. 
 
 An attempt to accomplish this 
 through the local Legislature of 1918, 
 excited so much opposition on the part 
 of those who would be affected thereby, 
 that the proposed legislation failed. 
 
 The Language School Matter 
 
 Instead of settling the question this 
 failure to secure action aggravated the 
 situation and the avowed determination 
 was expressed throughout the Territory 
 that Language Schools should and must 
 be abolished. 
 
 The Attorney General and the Cham- 
 ber of Commerce of Honolulu, the lead- 
 ing civic organization of the -Territory, 
 caused drafts of bills for this purpose 
 to be drawn and published. 
 
 There was no sign of abatement of 
 opposition to the proposed measures 
 and there seemed no prospect for settle- 
 ment of the issue except upon a basis 
 which would leave a permanent feeling 
 of resentment in a large part of the 
 community against the ruling element 
 thereof, based upon the beliefs that the 
 former had been unjustly and unfairly 
 dealt with. 
 
 A special term of the Legislature was 
 already in session and the anti-Lan- 
 guage School bills under consideration. 
 
 At tins stage of events a "Pan-Pacific 
 Banquet" was held at the International 
 Y. M. C. A. building in Honolulu. 
 
 Upon this particular occasion the 
 threatening aspect of the Language 
 School question rippled the placid surf- 
 ace of the international pool somewhat 
 more than usual, and out of the discus- 
 sion there was evolved a plan between 
 certain of the Japanese and some of the 
 Americans present, by which it was 
 hoped that a friendly settlement of the 
 issue might be promoted. 
 
 The initiative was taken by the Jap- 
 anese and the ground work of a regu- 
 latory legislative act suggested. 
 
 This was presented the next day to 
 a meeting of the American Chamber of 
 Commerce which had been especially 
 convened to consider the bills which 
 had been drafted by its own committee. 
 
 The chamber debated its own bill and 
 the proposition submitted by the Jap- 
 anese for several hours, and adjourned 
 without action. 
 
 Plan Takes Shape 
 
 Four days later it met again and re- 
 ceived in confirmation of the original 
 proffer a written draft of a bill to 
 carry the original proposition into ef- 
 fect, accompanied by a letter signed 
 by a committee of 24 Japanese residents 
 of Honolulu, representing the business. 
 financial, professional, and religious 
 leadership of the community of that 
 nationality, and the editors of three of 
 the daily Japanese newspapers pub- 
 lished in Honolulu, asserting that they 
 were responsible for the proposed act 
 and would support its enactment and 
 execution. 
 
 As a result of this action, the Cham- 
 ber of Commerce by a vote of 5 to 1 
 endorsed the measure presented by the 
 Japanese in place of that presented by
 
 56 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 its own committee, and recommended appreciative of the fair and friendly 
 
 its enactment by the Legislature. treatment accorded them by the educa- 
 
 The bill was forthwith introduced tional authorities of the territory and 
 
 into the Legislature. the American community has been more 
 
 A public hearing was given thereon than pleased at the prompt acquiescence 
 
 by the committee to whom it was re- and manifest sincerity of the language 
 
 f erred at which the community was in- school authorities involved. It is even 
 
 vited to express its views. This was reported that some of the teachers, 
 
 freely done for an entire forenoon. through the medium of their studies. 
 
 The ultimate result was that the sen- have been converted from imperialism 
 ate passed the bill which had been into enthusiastic advocates of a demo- 
 i .tiered by the Japanese, by a unanimous cratic form of government, 
 vote and the house of representatives Through the medium of the Pan- 
 by a vote of approximately 5 to 1 and Pacific Union's method of discussion 
 the measure was signed by the Gover- across the table and "getting together" 
 nor. in friendly cooperation, a question 
 
 The law contains many details — pre- which a year ago seriously threatened 
 scribed the time and bours of sessions ; the peace of mind of this community 
 subjected the curriculum to the control with the possibility even of its affecting 
 of the local board of education ; re- international relations has been arnica- 
 quired the schools and teachers to be bly and satisfactorily settled. 
 licensed, the latter to be subject to the While all of the issues now pending 
 ability of the teachers to pass an ex- between Pacific countries cannot be 
 amination in speaking and writing the settled as easily or as promptly as was 
 English language and in knowledge of the language school question in Hawaii, 
 the American Constitution and history the principles involved in the settle- 
 and of the ideals of Democracy. ment of this question are equally applic- 
 
 The same Japanese committee which able to the larger and more serious is- 
 had originally proposed the legislation sues now pending or which may here- 
 then took up with the territorial board after arise. 
 
 of education the question of securing The spirit of "Pan-Pacificism"-— that 
 
 special instruction, at the expense of is, the spirit of settling differences by 
 
 the language school teachers, in the friendly face to face consultation and 
 
 subjects upon which they were required mutual cooperation, will not immedi- 
 
 to pass an examination. ately bring the millenium, but it offers 
 
 The board of education cooperated a better and more hopeful method of 
 
 with great energy and friendliness, such settling international differences and 
 
 instruction beginning early in this year preventing war than any other method 
 
 1921. yet proposed. 
 
 On July 1st last the required examin- "Friendly consultation and mutual 
 
 ations were taken by approximately 300 cooperation" is a slogan worthy of the 
 
 Japanese language school teachers, be- earnest and enthusiastic support of this 
 
 sides those of other nationality and a organization. 
 
 large majority of them passed and were I trust, hope and believe that the 
 
 duly licensed. Pan-Pacific Press organization this day 
 
 The language school teachers affected formed will be an added and potent 
 
 by this law have expressed themselves, influence in advancing the beneficent 
 
 practically unanimously, as being highly objects of the Pan-Pacific Union.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 57 
 
 Open Diplomacy, the Hope of the Pacific Press 
 
 HOLLINGTON K. TONG 
 
 Peking editor of the Weekly of the Far East, Director of the 
 
 North China Star of Tientsin, representative of the Peking 
 
 and Tientsin newspapers and of the Commercial Tress 
 
 of Shanghai and the North China Daily Mail 
 
 of Tientsin. 
 
 In three weeks' time a conference of 
 international significance called by Pres- 
 ident Warren G. Harding will be held 
 at Washington, D. C, to consider the 
 Pacific questions and the advisability of 
 the reduction of armaments of the lead- 
 ing nations. More than one hundred 
 Chinese delegates and experts are now 
 on their way to the Capital of the 
 United States, and Japan is sending 
 twice that number of officials to attend 
 the conference. Other participating na- 
 tions are taking a similar great interest 
 in the Washington meeting. The im- 
 portance of the forthcoming event in 
 America is self-evident. If this im- 
 portant Washington conference is to be 
 successful, the principle of open diplo- 
 macy must be religiously observed by 
 those who are to participate therein. 
 
 The press on the other side of the 
 Pacific Ocean has repeatedly expressed 
 its hope that at the coming Washington 
 meeting parlor discussions would not be 
 resorted to, that all of its proceedings 
 would be thrown open to the public as 
 far as advisable and that whatever se- 
 cret understandings that might be pre- 
 viously entered into would not be recog- 
 nized as having the binding force. It 
 has uttered a warning against the repe- 
 tition of the unwise secret diplomacy 
 which has usually characterized the de- 
 cisions of vital questions at international 
 conferences in the past. Without ex- 
 ception, all the newspapers in China are 
 
 unanimous in voicing their wish for the 
 adoption of open diplomacy as the car- 
 dinal principle of the Washington con- 
 ference, and looking forward to that 
 conference openly to lay down righteous 
 and just lines along which all interna- 
 tional affairs that may arise on the Pa- 
 cific should be regulated. 
 
 A section of the press in Japan which 
 is liberal in its opinion on international 
 relationship is sharing the foregoing 
 views, knowing that the present Pacific 
 situation is far from being satisfactory 
 and that a little intrigue here anc 1 ^ there 
 may start a worldwide conflict anew. 
 Undoubtedly the press on this side of 
 the ocean may also urge open proceed- 
 ings at the Washington conference and 
 ask that the peoples of the interested 
 nations should be taken into confidence 
 of negotiators in view of the fact that 
 it is they who will have to make good 
 whatever promises that their statesmen 
 may make. But as yet it has not taken 
 a definite stand on the issue. If the 
 Pan-Pacific Press Conference can rouse 
 the press in America and other coun- 
 tries which are sending delegates to the 
 Washington meeting to take a renewed 
 interest in the matter of open diplomacy 
 during the next three weeks, it will ren- 
 der a useful service to humanity. 
 
 As a press representative from China. 
 I propose that the Pan-Pacific Press 
 Conference pass a resolution advocating
 
 58 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 statesmen of various nations who arc 
 to sil at the meeting reflect twice 
 before they would follow in the foot- 
 steps of those who have in the past 
 endeavored to arrive at secret under- 
 standings. It should be sent broadcast 
 to the Pacific press and especially to 
 the newspapers in America which can 
 exert more influence than their contem- 
 poraries in the Far East in this connec- 
 tion, inasmuch as, first of all. the meet- 
 ing place of the conference is to be in 
 their capital, and secondly, they are al- 
 ways looked up to by the Americans as 
 leaders of public opinion. Copies of 
 the resolution should be specially sent 
 to President I larding'. American officials 
 and officials of the other nations by the 
 I 'an Pacific Press Conference in order 
 to inform them in advance of the col- 
 lective wish of the Pacific press. Unless 
 this i> done, it will be hard for those 
 newspapers who would like to see in- 
 trigues replaced by open proceedings to 
 realize their hope. 
 
 A statement concisely worded may be 
 prepaved by the Pan-Pacific Press Con- 
 ference to support and amplify and ex- 
 plain the resolution mentioned. A re- 
 quest for the publication of the state 
 incut as well as of the resolution should 
 be sent to all the newspapers in Amer- 
 ica, Canada, Japan, China and other 
 countries in order to enlist the support 
 ot the press world in general. If suf- 
 ficient public pressure can be brought 
 to bear upon those statesmen who have 
 made secret diplomacy a profession and 
 considered it as an expediency, the hope 
 ot the Pacific press may yet be realized, 
 the Washington conference may go 
 down in history as the first internation- 
 al conference none of the decisions of 
 which has been secretly reached before 
 hand, and the out -landing questions be- 
 tween the Pacific nations may be solved 
 to the satisfaction of their peoples, 
 which ultimately will lead to a better 
 international understanding. 
 
 Not only should the proceedings of 
 the Washington- conference be guided 
 by full publicity, but also daily inter- 
 national intercourse should be so regu- 
 lated. If the nations can be frank in 
 their relationships with their neighbors, 
 the chance of war might be much mini- 
 mized. It is the countries which did 
 not show their cards on the table while 
 engaged in negotiations which were ac- 
 countable for the large proportion of 
 the past warfare. History is full of in- 
 stances to illustrate this point. On the 
 other hand, if the diplomats concerned 
 are Open-minded and abhor secret diplo- 
 matic practices, a serious situation may 
 be averted and substituted by a better 
 relationship. 
 
 Secret diplomacy is often disadvan- 
 tageous to the country or countries which 
 resort to it. They cannot continue 
 practising it without being found out. 
 ( )nce discovered the}' lose the respect of 
 civilized mankind. Even if they are 
 truthful once in a while in what thev 
 say or promise, the nations with which 
 they have dealings would suspect them 
 and would refrain from placing faith in 
 them. This is bad enough for them, 
 but the worst has yet to come. Be- 
 cause of their secret diplomatic deal- 
 ings, they usually keep back the news 
 concerned as long as possible. The 
 newspapers which by chance should get 
 a tip therein often magnify the serious- 
 ness of the situation and call upon im- 
 agination for assistance in writing up 
 the story when they fail to get from 
 the officials the true facts, corrections 
 are usually belated, and the reading 
 public as a rule places more confidence 
 in the first story than in the subse- 
 quent corrections. An ambitious goS 
 eminent may be aersrressive in nine out 
 ten cases, but when it has really ren- 
 dered some disinterested service to man- 
 kind in the tenth case, no one will be-
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 59 
 
 lieve its altruism. Its credit has been 
 lost, and none would have confidence 
 therein. Injuries, direct or indirect. 
 from the loss of credit by a nation, 
 must be tremendous. Is it worth while 
 to reap such a disastrous fruit from 
 the continued practice of secret diplo- 
 macy? The reply of an influential sec- 
 tion of the press on the Pacific is in the 
 negative. 
 
 Today open diplomacy is more needed 
 than ever before. The future ahead of 
 us is rather gloomy indeed. A new in- 
 ternational clash that shall drown the 
 world in a lake of blood beside which 
 the late blood-letting in Europe will ap- 
 pear but as a small stream is freely 
 predicted and tremblingly feared. Some 
 have forecasted that the time for the 
 conflict between the East and West is 
 also fast approaching. Small incidents 
 which have happened in the past are 
 magnified by the yellow press of the 
 world out of all proportion either to 
 their cause or to their significance. 
 Even the thinking peoples in all coun- 
 tries become nervous, and are afraid of 
 the day when another world-war may 
 be waged. At such a time, the use of a 
 little secret diplomacy may cause the 
 explosion and bring woe to peaceful in- 
 habitants of God's earth. 
 
 No organization, in my opinion, is 
 more fitted than the Pan-Pacific Press 
 
 conference to endeavor to make open 
 diplomacy an accepted creed of in- 
 ternational statecraft and to decide at 
 its first session upon the attainment of 
 this object as one of its aims. With 
 the support of President Harding) one 
 of its honorary presidents, who can- 
 not but be sympathetic with our motive, 
 J fully believe that this press confer- 
 ence may he able to accomplish some- 
 thing in that direction. The rulers of 
 other countries may be requested to 
 lend their support to the carrying out 
 of the program. I feel certain that 
 the President of the Republic of China 
 will be glad to do all he can in this 
 worthy matter. 
 
 I sincerely hope that before the ad- 
 journing of the first session of the Pan- 
 Pacific conference a resolution will be 
 passed advocating the publication of 
 all the proceedings of the Washington 
 conference as wished by the Pacific 
 press, and that steps would be taken by 
 the officers of the Pan- Pacific Union to 
 give to the resolution wide publicity 
 and to try to put that great principle 
 into effect as earl}- as possible. The 
 Washington conference to be held on 
 November 11th should give us an im- 
 petus to work for this object which I 
 believe must be cherished by all the 
 newspapermen who desire peace on 
 earth and good will towards mankind.
 
 60 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Union and the Canadian Press 
 
 By ( )swald Mayrand 
 
 Managing Ed it or "La Prcsse" Montreal, 
 
 Canada. 
 
 I Canada has a coast line of 7000 miles 
 ■ in the Pacific Ocean, so that my coun- 
 try is quite naturally interested in all 
 questions concerning the Pan-Pacific 
 I Dion Tress Conference. The Canadian 
 press at large is aware of the fact that 
 the eyes of the whole world are actually 
 drawn upon the Pacific's problems and 
 all the journalists of my country are 
 anxious to contribute, as much as pos- 
 sible to the solution of such problems. 
 
 As it has already been said by some 
 speakers at the present Press Congress 
 of the World, mutual understanding is 
 to be sought by all nations who want to 
 live in peace with their neighbors. And 
 to make nations understand each other, 
 the lowering of the rates of fast com- 
 munications by land telegraph, cable 
 and wireless seems especially desirable. 
 * * * 
 
 The shortness of unskilled labor, as 
 it exists in the Hawaiian Territory, is, 
 for instance, a serious question to be 
 settled by the government of the United 
 States, but the press of the whole Pan- 
 Pacific Union is taking a deep interest 
 in the solution of such economic prob- 
 lem which may have a wide bearing on 
 the international labor. There is actually 
 so much unemployment all over the 
 world that it is lamentable to see in 
 these days of general postwar hardships 
 courageous men as the Hawaiian in- 
 dustrial leaders short of labormen. Let 
 us hope that the Government of the 
 United States is on the verge to bring 
 forth a solution which shall secure 
 necessary labor and prosperity to these 
 
 islands without jeopardizing the se- 
 curity of the American Republic. 
 * * * 
 
 The Canadian Press, Limited, which 
 supplies nearly all the dailies with for- 
 eign news as well as local news, is a 
 cooperative organization of which most 
 newspapers of the Dominion are mem- 
 bers. She has reliable correspondents 
 in all the great cities of my country and 
 her connections with the Associated 
 Press of the United States secure to 
 our people a satisfactory service which, 
 however, we urge to make better. Should 
 not the cooperative principle which is at 
 the very basis of the Canadian Press, 
 Limited, and which makes her service 
 effective be embodied in the Pan-Pacific 
 Union? Countries having common in- 
 terests in the many problems concerning 
 the territories confined by the Pacific 
 Ocean should pull together and give 
 their full cooperation for the common 
 welfare. 
 
 ^ ^c ^c 
 
 There are surely great possibilities of 
 commercial intercourse between the Ha- 
 waiian Islands and Canada, separated 
 only by water, and I hope that the pres- 
 ent congress of the fourth estate held in 
 these islands shall contribute to stimu- 
 late such intercourse which should be 
 profitable to all interested parties. 
 
 The Canadian press realizes ihat the 
 Tan-Pacific Union is a peaceful organi- 
 zation seeking to settle harmoniously all 
 divergencies of opinion among inter- 
 ested parties and she rallies to your
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 61 
 
 colors ; she is willing to take a glorious 
 share in your enlightening mission. 
 
 On the 6th of September last, more 
 than one hundred years of peace be- 
 tween the United States and Canada were 
 commemorated by the dedication of the 
 Peace Portal, a huge arch of steel and 
 cement, on the international boundary 
 line near Blaine, Washington. The 
 Peace Portal rests half on American and 
 half on Canadian soil. On the south 
 side are inscribed the words : "Children 
 of a Common Mother." On the north 
 
 side appear these words : "Brethren 
 Dwelling Together in Unity." On the in- 
 terior, below one of the doors can be 
 read : "Open for One Hundred Years." 
 And below the other door : "May These 
 Doors Never be Closed." The structure 
 bears two flag poles from which fly the 
 Stars and Stripes and the Union Jack. 
 During the dedication ceremonies the 
 flags of Begium and France were hoisted. 
 Is not that Peace Portal an inspiring 
 emblem of what should be the friendly 
 relations between the several nations 
 having some territory in the Pacific 
 Ocean ?
 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Japanese Press in Hawaii 
 
 By Y. Soga, 
 Editor Xippit Jiji. 
 
 The Japanese press in Hawaii plays 
 an important part in the manifold activ- 
 ities of Hawaii <\uc to the fact that it 
 represents a large number of Japanese 
 residents who constitute a majority of 
 the population of these islands. The 
 influence of the Japanese press, whether 
 in the good direction or in the bad di- 
 rection, vitally affects Hawaii's interests, 
 and upon its attitude depend inter- 
 racial harmony and concord in this in- 
 tegral part of the United States. 
 
 The Japanese press in Hawaii is not a 
 -mall question, and in treating' the ques- 
 tion, 1 shall be brief, confining myself 
 to a statement of principal facts, di- 
 vided into past, present and future. 
 
 The first Japanese newspaper made 
 it- appearance twenty-nine years ago, in 
 1892, when Nippon Shuho or Japanese 
 Weekly printed it- rirst sheet by a 
 mimeograph machine. This publication 
 after -ending out a number of editions 
 changed its title to Hawaii Shuho or 
 Hawaii Weekly, with B. Onome, super- 
 intendent of immigration board of Ha- 
 waii, as editor. 
 
 In 1893 another weekly newspaper 
 came into existence, with the title of 
 Hawaii Shinbun. It was edited by Dr. 
 I Uchida who published about 65 edi- 
 
 n-. A little later another publication 
 came into existence. It was called 
 Jukuseiki or Nineteenth Century. 
 
 The appearance ><\~ the Jukuseiki was 
 followed by the establishment of the 
 Hawaii Shimpo in 1894, and Yamato 
 Shinbun, the forerunner of the Nippu 
 Jiji, in 1895. Shin Nippon or New Ja- 
 pan, another publication appeared about 
 
 the same time or shortly afterwards. The 
 Yamato Shinbun was first edited by H. 
 Mizuno. 
 
 About the time the Yamato Shinbun 
 and Hawaii Shimpo came into being, 
 the mimeograph machines were discard- 
 ed and their places were taken by types 
 imported from Japan. At the same time 
 the newspapers changed their editions 
 from weekly to daily, gaining substan- 
 tial increase in circulation. 
 
 This was the beginning of the Jap- 
 anese press in Hawaii. At the present 
 time there are in the whole territory 
 about twelve dailies and weeklies and 
 several monthly periodicals. The city of 
 Honolulu has four Japanese dailies 
 which are the Hawaii Shimpo, Hawaii 
 Hochi, Hawaii Nippo and the Nippu 
 Jiji. Hilo city has two daily and one 
 weekly publications, while west 1 lawaii 
 has one weekly; Koloa, island of Kauai, 
 one weekly: and Lihue, Kauai, also one 
 weekly. The island of Maui has two 
 newspapers, one being semiweekly and 
 the other a weekly publication. 
 
 Besides these newspapers there is the 
 Jitsugyo-no-Hawaii, known in the Knv;- 
 lish-speaking community as the Com- 
 mercial and Industrial Magazine of Ha- 
 waii. This periodical is ten years old. 
 Another periodical is the Japanese-Amer- 
 ican Revieiv which will soon come into 
 existence with objects to promote better 
 understanding between races in these 
 islands. 
 
 The Japanese newspapers in Hawaii. 
 like all newspapers, are striving for su- 
 premacy. In the gathering and dissemi- 
 nation of local news, in the printing of
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 63 
 
 world news, they arc engaged in keen 
 competition. The development of the 
 Japanese press in Honolulu has been so 
 
 rapid in recent years that some of the 
 largest Japanese newspapers published 
 outside of the Empire of Japan arc 
 found not on the continental United 
 States or in Korea or any other country 
 where Japanese reside, but right here 
 in 1 lawaii. 
 
 The policies of the Japanese news- 
 papers in I lawaii. while differing from 
 one another in minor points, agree in 
 their essentials. As a part of their 
 policy the Japanese newspapers pro- 
 pound to Japanese residents in the terri- 
 tory what the Japanese call "Eiju Do- 
 chaku" Or permanent residence in (la- 
 waii. This policy is pursued by the Jap- 
 anese press not with any sinister motive 
 to secure control of these islands or to 
 obtain dominition over other races, but 
 with the idea of inducing the Japanese 
 of becoming a part of the land of their 
 residence. The Japanese press believes 
 that the longer the Japanese live in Ha- 
 waii, the more interested they will be- 
 o 'me in Hawaii's affairs and thingfs 
 American, and the more they become to 
 know about America the better it is for 
 the Americanization of themselves and 
 their children. 
 
 The life of the Japanese press in Ha- 
 waii will not he long. The steady in- 
 crease in the English-speaking Japanese 
 educated in America and the decrease of 
 the older Japanese generation speaking 
 the Japanese language will make the 
 publication of Japanese newspaper an 
 unpaying proposition within twenty-five 
 years or so. ' 
 
 In this connection it might be inter- 
 esting to mention that the Japanese press 
 in Hawaii is advocating the use of 
 Romanized Japanese which makes it pos- 
 sible for Japanese writers to convey 
 their sentiment in Japanese phraseologies 
 reduced in Roman letters. 
 
 In order that there may he a better 
 understanding between Americans and 
 Japanese in I lawaii, one of the Jap- 
 anese newspapers in Honolulu, The Nip- 
 pu Jiji, publishes its editorials and news 
 articles in Japanese as well as in Eng- 
 lish, giving the English-speaking com- 
 munity a comprehensive view of what 
 takes place in the Japanese community 
 even- day. The Hawaii Shimpo, an- 
 other Honolulu daily, has also recently 
 started to publish its leading editorials 
 once a week, in the English language, 
 which is very commendable. 
 
 The English section of the Nippu Jiji 
 is largely devoted to promoting under- 
 standing between Japanese and Ameri- 
 can communities, and also to the pro- 
 motion of interest of Japanese children 
 growing up into American citizens. In 
 the beginning this section was not so 
 popular as it was expected, the criticism 
 being that it was too much for the 
 Nippu Jiji, which is an eight-page news- 
 paper, to devote a page for English news 
 items. However, this criticism has now 
 entirely disappeared, parents of Japanese 
 children finding it a valuable source of 
 information for their children who pre- 
 fer to read and speak English rather 
 than Japanese. 
 
 The A"// 1 / 1 // Jiji has grown from a 
 small printing plant having a circulation 
 of a few hundred copies to a large print- 
 ing establishment holding the leading 
 place among the Japanese press in Ha- 
 waii. It holds membership in the Asso- 
 ciated Tress through whose services its 
 readers are given reports of up-to-date 
 world events. Its cable despatches from 
 Tokyo are noted for accuracy and 
 promptitude. 
 
 The Japanese press of Hawaii has 
 been, and is still to some extent, very 
 unpopular among certain elements in the 
 American community. The unpopularity 
 was at its height a year or two ago
 
 64 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 when an unfortunate event unavoidably alien Japanese population shall have at- 
 
 took place in Hawaii. tained such a degree of Americanization 
 
 The popular belief among the white that its assistance is no longer needed, 
 people seems to be that the Japanese \n support of the statement that the 
 press allows anything to appear in its Japanese press is a valuable factor in the 
 columns because no one, except the Jap- uplift of Hawaii, let me cite some of 
 ancse, knows what is being said. This the many instances of patriotic work it 
 is untrue. Responsible newspapers con- has performed. When the European 
 trol their utterances, though at times, war started it was the Japanese press 
 they become irrelevant in an unguarded through the Japanese language that suc- 
 moment. They are perfectly aware of cessfully urged the Japanese residents 
 the fact that what is being said in Jap- to enlist in the United States army, to 
 anese is rapidly communicated to the buy Liberty Bonds and War Savings 
 American community. The Nip pit Jiji, Stamps. It enlisted the support of the 
 for one, prints in the Japanese as well Japanese in American Red Cross work 
 as in the English language what actually and other patriotic services, and what 
 takes place in the Japanese community, they have done, in my opinion, cannot be 
 withholding or camouflaging nothing, successfully contradicted by any one. 
 This honesty is sometimes criticized by We have in Hawaii a press law en- 
 its Japanese contemporaries, but the acted by the 1921 territorial legislature 
 Nip pit Jiji could not justify itself if it for the primary purpose of controlling 
 concealed or suppressed facts just be- the utterances of the foreign language 
 cause they are unpleasant. press. While this law has been enacted 
 
 In spite of all what may be said particularly for the control of Japanese 
 against the Japanese press, it must be newspapers in Hawaii, we hope it will 
 conceded that it is a valuable factor in never find application to any of the 
 the Americanization work of the alien newspapers in the territory. 
 Japanese population of the islands which The future of America as a nation 
 is dominating any other single race as depends in an important degree upon 
 far as number is concerned. The ma- the measure of success Americans 
 jority of the Japanese in Hawaii do not achieve in uniting all the racial strains 
 speak or read the English language, into a single racial element — the Ameri- 
 They must rely upon the Japanese press can — with a single American aim with a 
 for the day's information relating to single American ideal. And Hawaii 
 practically everything, from the enact- cannot afford to alienate the Japanese 
 ment of new laws down to the social press by setting up against them a bar- 
 customs, if they are to conform as best rier of prejudice and undeserved suspi- 
 as they can to the requirements of the cion when they can be used to mix the 
 country of their residence. The Japanese Japanese racial strain into American 
 press is necessary until such time as the race.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 65 
 
 A Message from the Chinese Press 
 
 Jabin Hsu 
 
 Representative of the Newspaper Association of Shanghai 
 
 and the Chinese Press, Shanghai. 
 
 The press of the Pacific Countries has 
 come to play an important role in the 
 regeneration of the intellectual life of 
 China. Contact with other nations shat- 
 ters the crust of China's provincial 
 journalism and induces mutation and 
 progress in the journalistic activities. 
 As it has been in Japanese newspaper- 
 dom, so it is in China. Contact with 
 the West, especially America, has 
 brought in new ideas, new forces and 
 new influences, which are helping to 
 guide the public opinion of China's vast 
 populace. In the journalistic develop- 
 ment, China is in a transition from the 
 old to the new, from the conservative to 
 the progressive, like her other phases 
 of national life. 
 
 During this period of transition, we 
 are looking to our neighbors on the 
 Pacific for sympathetic guidance and 
 support and to a certain extent we have 
 succeeded. We are copying all the 
 methods of news gathering, editing and 
 advertising, which our big brothers have 
 wisely adopted through trying experi- 
 ences. On account of her youth as a 
 factor in the intellectual life of a na- 
 tion, China has for some considerable 
 extent allowed herself to be led by the 
 opinions of the Pacific newspapers and 
 news agencies. During the world war. 
 newspapermen in China devoured every- 
 thing that the foreign press chose to 
 feed the Orient but the news reports 
 concerning the international relationship 
 of China as conveyed by the foreign 
 agencies had their own purposes to 
 serve. In their contact with the Pa- 
 cific press, the Chinese pressmen placed 
 
 unreserved confidence in the columns of 
 the newspapers circulated in the coun- 
 tries bordering the great ocean and the 
 daily dispatches furnished by news 
 agencies of these countries. 
 
 When peace was proclaimed, news- 
 papers in China unanimously predicted 
 disarmament and the elimination of 
 secret diplomacy, because the press of 
 the Pacific had repeatedly declared that 
 the late war was fought in the interest 
 of justice and humanity. The Chinese 
 press at that time merely reproduced 
 the promises made by the statesmen of 
 the day through the Pacific press and 
 other machines of publicity. Three long 
 years have elapsed and Chinese today 
 discovered that they have been misled, 
 intentionally or unintentionally, we are 
 not here to discuss. Chinese journalists 
 have now realized that press dispatches 
 from their foreign colleagues were dis- 
 tributed with ulterior motives and that 
 the truth of the conditions of the na- 
 tions of the world was not honestly told 
 in the Far East. Some believed that 
 the foreign press organizations are 
 merely weapons in the hands of their 
 respective diplomats. 
 
 Inconsistency, of course, is the great- 
 est impeachment with which the press 
 of China today charges the press of the 
 Pacific, for did not the statesmen of 
 Europe and America declare through 
 their own press that the war was to end 
 all future conflicts and that upon its 
 successful prosecution, each and every 
 person would be given a decent chance 
 to enjoy life, property and the pursuit
 
 66 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 of happiness. If the Pacific press ex- cine press should be clean, consistent 
 pects to enjoy the confidence of us all, and truthful more than any other see- 
 the Chinese journalists say. it should tion of the world press is more than ap- 
 be at least consistent: it should review parent. 
 
 the utterance and declaration of the with the resn \ ts f tne Versailles 
 figures of world importance as it pub- Conference still vividly lingering in our 
 lishes new facts about them. If the m inds, the nations of the earth are 
 press of the Pacific is to lead the opin- :i j )OUt to un d e rgo another experiment to 
 ion of the Orient, it must necessarily so i ve the p ac jfi c problems without re- 
 exercise such vigilance and supervision sort j ng t0 arms Th e t j me j s opportune 
 as are required from time to time to for the j ourna ij sts f the Pacific to see 
 check the inconsistent words and acts to it that the trag edy f tne Versailles 
 of the world politicians. Under such con f er ence is not reproduced. It is well 
 circumstances and only under such cir- w i t hj n tne p OW er of the Pacific press to 
 cumstances can the world be free from ayert the com j ng - str ike. Secret diplo- 
 propaganda, so expressively termed the macy> i n trigu-e and entangling alliance 
 "hookworm of journalism". l iave DUt one rem edy : the bitter pill of 
 The comment of the Chinese press on w hite publicity. The statesmen who are 
 the Pacific press, though somewhat too going to participate in this coming con- 
 severe, is but the outcome of the dis- ference, like those at the Versailles Con- 
 eased seeds sowed by the foreign jour- ference, have announced to the world 
 nalists themselves and they have only through the press their intention of re- 
 themselves to thank for. But in order Heving mankind of that terrible burden 
 to secure the confidence and hence sym- f deprivation for the increase of arma- 
 pathic support of the Oriental news- ment an( j f giving all the nations, 
 paperdom, the foreign press should whether strong or weak, a square deal 
 tell "the truth, the whole truth and at the con ference table. The same 
 nothing but the truth." A press devoid p i e( jge, it will be remembered, was made 
 of propaganda and colored news, or by fche participants of the Versailles 
 "handouts" and aimed for the welfare Conference before its sess ions. I trust 
 of the Pacific as well as the world 1S ^ en of the Pacific 
 
 the call of the Orient. The faithful per- .„«-,.. , • ^ ■ nt . ama 
 
 , , , ,, t> :£„ will effectively exercise their supreme 
 
 formance of its duties by the Pacific J . 
 
 press during the world crisis as is ex- fu »^on of makin S the statesmen make 
 
 isting today will accomplish much to good their promises and prevent that 
 
 disperse the war clouds which even to- great catastrophe which must follow if 
 
 ■ lay hang darkly over our horizon. Such a revocation of the Versailes Confer- 
 
 being the case, the reason why the Pa- ence takes place.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 67 
 
 Journalism in Korea 
 
 f. Yamagata, 
 Editor "Soul Press". 
 
 I am a Japanese and have come from the price to only a half a dollar i 
 Seoul in Korea where 1 am the pro- month a few years ago and though this 
 prietor and editor of a little daily paper trebled the circulation of the Seoul 
 called the Seoul Press. Although my Press 1 am not getting so much profit 
 paper is a humble publication of only as I did before. This makes me think 
 four pages, yet Dr. Williams, the Pres- that we journalists should combine >ur- 
 ident of the World Press Congress, selves to maintain a reasonably high 
 when he visited Korea several years ago price for our papers. Newspapers are 
 took notice of it and afterwards in a now a thing of necessity, as indispens- 
 pamphlet he prepared on the press of able as our daily food. They are a 
 the world, included it among the hun- necessity, or it may be a necessary evil, 
 dred representative papers of the world. People simply cannot do without them. 
 I am not so self-conceited as to think Why should not we ask from them for 
 that Dr. Williams gave my paper this more pay for our work and labor. 
 distinction and honor because it was a As I said, I have come from Korea, 
 good standard journal. On the contrary a country which is still little known by 
 mine is very poor stuff, containing not the people of the rest of the world, 
 much cablegrams and highly paid spe- If an y of you, ladies and gentlemen, 
 cial articles and giving only local news would like to know about the real con- 
 written in the poorest English. Never- dition of Korea I should only be too 
 theless it is the only daily paper pub- glad to supply you with correct infor- 
 lished in English in the whole of the mation as best as I can. As this is a 
 Korean peninsula and besides at the congress of journalists, permit me, how- 
 time Dr. Williams visited Seoul it was ever, to tell you something about jour- 
 the highest priced paper in the world, nalism in Korea. It is charged that the 
 the monthly subscription being one dol- Japanese government restricts the free- 
 lar and a quarter gold. These two, I dom of the press. This charge is true 
 think, are the reasons which induced or to a certain extent. No cities except 
 compelled Dr. Williams to mention the such big cities as Seoul and Fusan were 
 name of my paper in the list of a hun- permitted to have more than one news- 
 dred great papers of the world. Our paper. In other words, one paper for 
 distinguished president was simply one city was the rule. This policy was 
 forced to give my paper the Seoul Press enforced by the government partly for 
 this great honor for there was no other political reasons and partly in considera- 
 competitor in the field for the laurel. tion of the interest of the people at 
 
 By the way. a few years ago I was large. For some time after the annex- 
 obliged to abandon the distinction of ation of Korea by Japan was carried 
 publishing the highest priced paper in out, there prevailed much political un- 
 the world. I was^ constantly assailed by rest, which induced the authorities to 
 my readers with complaints against the think it prudent and expedient to con- 
 high price of my paper and with de- trol the press. At the same time the 
 mands for a reduction of it. I lowered authorities thought it beneficial to the
 
 68 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 people at large, not to permit the publi- men, it is a great help to the govern- 
 cation of too many newspapers, because merit because through its columns the 
 when there arc many newspapers pub- authorities can sound and learn the de- 
 lished in a small place it is always the sires and ideas of the Korean people, 
 public that suffer much in consequence so that they may frame such a policy 
 of the competition and struggles for of administration as will please them 
 existence between them. Keen can- and promote their general interest, 
 vassing for soliciting advertisements and Journalism in Korea is still in its 
 subscriptions must be kept up so that young days of development. There are 
 they may live on and the result is that published in Seoul, capital of the penin- 
 the general public are victimized. sula, three Korean, three Japanese and 
 As a matter of fact, before annexation one English dailies, besides a number 
 Seoul had four or five Japanese and of monthly magazines, Japanese and 
 four Korean daily papers, all of which Korean. In the provinces about a dozen 
 were but poorly supported and had to daily papers are published. Most of 
 live, so to speak, from hand to mouth, those metropolitan and provincial papers 
 The result was that not a few instances are rather poor stuff and their financial 
 occurred in which the public were conditions are anything but good. The 
 made to lose. In view of this evil the Korean masses are still too ignorant 
 government put restriction on the num- and too poor to be able to support any 
 her of newspapers making one news- big papers, in running which much 
 paper for one city a general rule. This capital is needed. Besides, Korea being 
 policy, as you will see, was taken with an agricultural country and her com- 
 the best of intentions, but I do not merce and manufacturing industries be- 
 think it was a wise one. The govern- ing still undeveloped, the papers in 
 ment should have left the matter alone, that country cannot as yet collect many 
 leaving the public to manage it by itself, advertisements and cannot obtain any 
 The government was too paternal and big income from that source. Both sub- 
 tins was resented by the public. The scription and advertising rates are low 
 government has since seen its error in and editors are very poorly paid. As I 
 this respect. said, the Donga Ilpo is the Korean 
 Two years ago when the Government- paper enjoying the largest circulation, 
 General of Korea was reformed and re- issuing, as I understand, some forty 
 organized, one of the first things the thousand copies a day. Even this paper, 
 new authorities did was to permit the however, cannot be said to be finan- 
 publication of three Korean and two cially very well off. As I understand, 
 Japanese newspapers in Seoul. One of it is run with little or no profit, 
 the Korean newspapers is here repre- Nevertheless, the Korean papers have a 
 sented by my friend Mr. Kim. His great future. Education is rapidly 
 paper is Donga Ilpo, or Eastern Asia spreading among Korea's rising genera- 
 I Knly News. It is the best paper with tion and along with the economic ad- 
 the largest circulation in Korea, being vance the people are steadily making 
 edited by some of Korea's best edu- today, there is no doubt that the num- 
 cated young men. It is a great educa- ber of people reading newspapers will 
 tional power and influential moulder of increase and correspondingly the posi- 
 Korean public opinion, and though its tion of the press and of those engaged 
 utterances occasionally displease the in it will be improved. 
 Japanese authorities, as outspoken and I thank you all for listening to my 
 radical opinions of young men do older poor paper.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 69 
 
 The Newspaper in Korea 
 
 I). S. Kim 
 
 The Dong-A Daily, Seoul, Korea. 
 i Read by Guy Innes.) 
 
 The average English reader knows 
 little of the Korean newspaper in the 
 making. It is a happy occasion to in- 
 form this great gathering briefly how 
 the modern Korean paper is turned out. 
 
 Koreans use the Chinese characters 
 as well as the alphabet or the phonetic 
 syllabary, which is composed of eleven 
 vowels and fourteen consonants which 
 is considered the simplest written lang- 
 uage in the world. Anybody can learn 
 to read and write within a week. For 
 this reason there is no illiteracy in 
 Korea, but a Korean journalist must be 
 a scholar in Chinese classics which form 
 the basis of all written language in the 
 Orient. The English papers have pass- 
 ed the stage when the reading public en- 
 joyed a long editorial, but in Korea it 
 is still in demand. 
 
 History tells us that the Koreans in- 
 vented the iron movable types long be- 
 fore Gutenberg ; those old types are 
 still kept at the royal museum today. 
 The Korean alphabet has been already 
 adapted to the linotype with which the 
 Koreans in America are publishing their 
 papers, but on account of the Chinese 
 characters it is not practicable in Korea. 
 
 Now, take the Dong-A Daily, the 
 leading newspaper in Korea, it has four 
 pages with sixteen members on the edi- 
 torial staff which is too crowded for an 
 English paper of the same size. One 
 might criticise for the waste of labor, 
 but atcually the writing is all done by 
 hand, and it must be carried out by a 
 bigger force than an English paper. 
 The manuscript papers are ruled so as 
 
 to write one word in each square space 
 by which means the man in the compos- 
 ing room may know how many words 
 to the line or the whole article at a 
 glance. 
 
 The Korean language is like the 
 Chinese, read up and down and from 
 right to left, so the first page is really 
 the last of a four-page paper. It is a 
 decided rule, that each page has its 
 separate departments : The first page is 
 editorial, by all means the most im- 
 portant ; the second, telegrams, politics 
 and commercial news; the third, the so- 
 cial or city news, the written picture of 
 Korean life; and the fourth page has 
 fiction and correspondence from all 
 corners of the nation. Advertisements 
 go at the foot of the first and last 
 pages. The third page is written en- 
 tirely by the Korean alphabet, that at- 
 tracts more readers than the other con- 
 servative pages. 
 
 The Dong-A Daily has a rotary press 
 that turns out twenty thousand copies 
 per hour, and the press rolls almost 
 three hours daily to turn out fifty thou- 
 sand copies that reach every corner 
 and nook of the country. 
 
 The local news is gathered by re- 
 porters who have been assigned to cer- 
 tain places and also by news agencies, 
 but the foreign news is supplied by the 
 Reuter and Kokusai, that tell very little 
 about the news of the different races 
 bordering the Pacific. 
 
 The Koreans want to know more 
 about the news concerning the Pacific. 
 In view of this fact the Dong-A Daily
 
 70 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 lias been rendering all possible assist- 
 ance and publicity to the Pan-Pacific 
 Union, so today the name of Mr. Alex- 
 ander I [time Ford, our esteemed chair- 
 man of the conference, is as well known 
 to the Koreans as to the Hawaiians, and 
 the full report of the first educational 
 
 conference proceedings ha-s been pub- 
 lished and now the Dong- A Daily is 
 represented at the first Pan-Pacific 
 Press Conference, at the threshold of a 
 new era, may we hope that we know 
 each other better than ever before by 
 the efforts of this conference.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 71 
 
 Journalism in Australia 
 
 By J. E. Davidson 
 
 Managing Director of "The Barrier 
 
 Miner", Broken Hill, Australia, and first 
 
 president of the Australian Journalists' 
 
 Association. 
 
 Eight hundred and forty-five news- 
 papers supply Australia's five and a half 
 millions of people with news and jour- 
 nalistic comment. Australian journal- 
 ism compares favorably with that in 
 any other part of the globe. From the 
 editorial and commercial points of view, 
 the bulk of the newspapers are ably 
 conducted. In a social system in which 
 the newspaper must necessarily be a 
 commercial success in order to live, they 
 maintain the highest ideals. There has 
 never been ground, so far as I know, 
 for suspicion that any newspaper of 
 standing has ever been actuated in its 
 policy or advocacy by self-seeking or 
 corrupt motives. Bribery of the Aus- 
 tralian press is unheard of. Its honesty 
 of purpose is beyond question. The 
 leading and .special articles are vigor- 
 ously written. The news on the whole 
 is set out fairly and impartially. The 
 style employed is generally crisp and 
 pithy, but without any attempt at elab- 
 orate display. In the last ten years 
 the evening newspapers, which have 
 made rapid progress, have to some ex- 
 tent broken away from the unwritten 
 law in regard to the non-display of 
 news, but the morning papers still rig- 
 idly conform to it. In the same way, 
 the evening newspapers have abandoned 
 the practice of excluding pictorial feat- 
 ures. Several of the most successful 
 evening papers are now following the 
 example set by the American press in 
 that respect. ( )n special occasions the 
 
 morning papers use photographic work, 
 but not so generally as their evening 
 contemporaries. Line illustrations as 
 used in the United States are rarely 
 seen in Australian newspapers. 
 
 A lack of humor is perhaps one of 
 the outstanding features of Australian 
 journalism. ( )ne rarely gets a laugh 
 out of our daily press, unless it be a 
 laugh at the intense seriousness of 
 some of the political articles. Conscious 
 humor is studiously avoided, so studi- 
 ously avoided, that not infrequently un- 
 conscious humor is abundantly present. 
 The Australian newspapers were orig- 
 inally modelled on the British type of 
 journalism, to which type they still 
 closely adhere. True to the British 
 type, the Australian journalism is staid, 
 weighty and serious. It worships at 
 the shrine of dignity, and therefore in 
 many of the leading daily newspapers 
 humor is taboo. That is not to say 
 there are no humorists among Austra- 
 lian newspaper men. As a fact, there 
 is as high a percentage of them on the 
 ink)' way under the Southern Cross as 
 among journalists elsewhere, but most 
 of the witty newspaper matter and 
 headings are only published in clubs or 
 other places where the Australian news- 
 paper men congregate. Several bright 
 writers in Australia have, at different 
 times, nearly lost their jobs, because in 
 unguarded moments, they let a joke 
 creep into their "copy".
 
 72 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 On this phase of journalism many 
 proprietors and managers have a per- 
 fect horror of what they call "Ameri- 
 canizing" their newspapers. A remon- 
 strance to one manager in respect to 
 the dull seriousness of his newspaper 
 drew the remark, "My dear fellow, dull- 
 ness and seriousness pay me. Tell me 
 how to make my paper more solemn 
 and serious and I'll listen to you." And 
 there was wisdom in that apparent 
 topsyturvy observation. There is noth- 
 ing the Australian public resent more 
 quickly or more emphatically than in- 
 novations in its newspapers. 
 
 The Australian newspaper reader likes 
 his paper to have exactly the same ap- 
 pearance from day to day. He wishes 
 to find its several features — the wool 
 market, the mining' news, the financial 
 articles, the cabled and local news — all 
 in precisely the same part of the paper 
 each day. Further, he expects all the 
 reports and articles to follow a stereo- 
 typed form. For that reason what is 
 called the "lead" in American journal- 
 ism is unknown in Australia. In Aus- 
 tralia a newspaper story must start at 
 the "beginning" and work up to a cli- 
 max like the old three-volume novel. A 
 police court story must first of all set 
 out when and where the court was held. 
 who occupied the bench, the name of 
 the accused, and the charge. The evi- 
 dence tendered in the case must follow 
 in the order submitted, and the fate of 
 the person concerned must be carefully 
 concealed until the last paragraph is 
 written ; unless perchance it is disclosed 
 in the headline. In the case of one 
 newspaper which departed from that 
 formula the managing editor received 
 numerous letters from readers to the 
 effect that they objected to him turn- 
 ing "all the reports in the paper unside- 
 down." 
 
 Until the Australian States federated 
 and the Commonwealth of Australia 
 
 was created, the newspapers devoted an 
 inordinate amount of space to politic!;. 
 This again was one of the journalistic 
 traditions handed down from the British 
 type. The political writers were always 
 the best paid men, and the editors of 
 the great daily newspapers were selected 
 mainly on their political acumen. In 
 those days most of the work in what 
 Americans call the "human interest" 
 domain was entrusted to the junior 
 members of the staffs. While the States 
 remained entirely separate entities, the 
 big metropolitan newspapers wielded 
 enormous political power, and on that 
 power they flourished in a financial 
 sense. 
 
 Over fifty percent of the Australian 
 population is centered in the State cap- 
 ital cities, and that enabled the great 
 newspapers to build up their immense 
 political influence. Each paper strove 
 to become a sort of political director, 
 and the more powerful of them were 
 indeed able to make and unmake State 
 Ministries at their own sweet wills. The 
 success of these papers led others to 
 strive after similar effects, with the 
 result that the real news side of journal- 
 ism was neglected. The aim of every 
 proprietor was to make his publication, 
 not a first-class newspaper, but what 
 some were pleased to term an "organ". 
 In other words, a force in the formation 
 of public opinion. 
 
 When the Commonwealth was inau- 
 gurated, however, national matters be- 
 gan to overshadow State affairs. Aus- 
 tralia on a whole displaced the indi- 
 vidual States in the minds of the peo- 
 ple. Realizing that fact, the newspapers 
 began to devote less space to State poli- 
 tics and more to Commonwealth politics ; 
 but they had not nearly the same in- 
 fluence of power over the Federal (Com- 
 monwealth) Parliament or in Federal 
 political matters as they had enjoyed in 
 State matters. This was inevitable.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 73 
 
 The big metropolitan newspapers, while 
 all-powerful in their own States, could 
 do nothing to influence the electors of 
 other States, simply because they have 
 no circulation there. Therefore, since 
 the establishment of the Commonwealth 
 in 1900 the newspapers have' devoted 
 much more attention to general news 
 as distinguished from political news. 
 
 In the early days of Australian jour- 
 nalism the newspapers were divided in 
 the political field along a line some- 
 what similar to that existing in Great 
 Britain. They belonged to one of two 
 groups — Conservative or Liberal. The 
 Conservative papers stood for the pres- 
 ervation of vested interests, chiefly 
 those of the landed proprietors, men 
 who had come to the new land from 
 Great Britain and taken up large areas 
 of pastoral country. These men were, 
 and still are, known as "squatters". On 
 the other hand, the Liberal newspapers 
 favored the breaking up of the holdings 
 of the squatters into small areas with 
 the object of absorbing the population 
 which had been attracted to Australia 
 by the gold discoveries, and in other to 
 provide land for other immigrants. 
 
 Later on, as secondary industries be- 
 gan to grow up, the division was along 
 the fiscal issue, except in New South 
 Wales, the Australian home of free 
 trade. The Conservative newspapers 
 took up the cudgels on behalf of free 
 trade and the importing interests, while 
 the Liberal journals supported a policy 
 of protection for the new industries. In 
 this battle the Liberal papers eventually 
 won a decisive victory. In the first two 
 Commonwealth Parliamentary elections 
 after the States had federated, the free 
 trade party was completely routed, since 
 then, the fiscal issue has played a very 
 insignificant part in Australian journal- 
 ism. Even in New South Wales the 
 contest against the policy of protection 
 has been abandoned. 
 
 Meanwhile, as secondary industries 
 had multiplied, there had grown up in 
 the big cities, almost unneeded by the 
 newspapers, a large wage-earning popu- 
 lation — artisans and factory operatives. 
 That class of the population was aug- 
 mented by the masses of unskilled la- 
 borers, created and encouraged to re- 
 main unskilled by the expenditure by 
 the State Governments of enormous 
 sums of loan money borrowed from 
 Great Britain. The steady growth of 
 this proletarian population silently 
 worked a tremendous change in the 
 political thought of Australia, which 
 again had its effect on political journal- 
 ism. For a time the proletarian class 
 swung in behind the Liberal Party, as it 
 did in Great Britain for nearly two cen- 
 turies. This meant a vast accession of 
 power to the Liberal newspapers. But 
 about 1890 — the year of the great hard- 
 fought strike in the shipping industry 
 in Australia — the proletarian of work- 
 ing class population began to organize 
 a political party of its own. This be- 
 came, and is still, known as the Aus- 
 tralian Labor Party. It was at the 
 time wholly without newspaper support. 
 For ten years the work of organization 
 went on steadily, and ultimately changed 
 the whole aspect of Australian political 
 journalism. 
 
 Conservative and Liberal newspaper-, 
 which had hitherto been fiercely fighting 
 each other, began to find a common 
 cause in hostility to the new party and 
 its socialistic policy. Almost uncon- 
 sciously, they joined forces to oppose 
 sternly the now rapidly rising party. 
 There was still here and there a slight 
 difference in the ton eadopted toward 
 certain measures proposed by the Labor 
 Party, but in the broad sense both Con- 
 servative and Liberal journals were 
 unanimously anti-Labor. Despite their 
 combined efforts, they failed utterly to 
 stem Labor's oncoming tide.
 
 74 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Assisted, but not much, by three or 
 four small weekly propaganda sheets, 
 published in State capital cities, the La- 
 bor Party eventually secured a majority 
 in two or three of the State Legislatures 
 and in the Commonwealth Parliament. 
 The political power and influence of the 
 Australian newspapers were dealt a 
 staggering hlow, from which they have 
 never recovered in a political sense. 
 This was unmistakably demonstrated 
 during the war period. ( )n two occa- 
 sions during that period the Common- 
 wealth Government submitted a refer- 
 endum of the electors (adult suffrage) 
 the question of whether the Australian 
 army fighting ahroad should he rein- 
 forced by means of military conscrip- 
 tion. The Lahor Party opposed mili- 
 tary conscription and was supported by 
 five small and feehle daily newspapers 
 which it had meanwhile established. 
 The whole of the powerful anti-Lahor 
 and non-Labor newspapers, numbering 
 700 throughout Australia, strongly ad- 
 vocated the principle of and need for 
 military conscription. On both refer- 
 endums there were substantial majori- 
 ties against conscription. Clearly the 
 old-established newspapers had lost their 
 power to sway the people at will. 
 Though doubtless the element of strong 
 self-interest and family interest in the 
 conscription question was beyond the 
 reach of newspaper argument in the 
 case of vast numbers of the electors. 
 
 ( )ne result of this loss of influence is 
 that the political side of Australian 
 journalism is gradually losing much of 
 the importance it once possessed. More 
 and more attention i^ being paid to the 
 world's news, received by cable, and to 
 happenings affecting the general life of 
 the community. In short, the Austral- 
 ian newspaper is becoming less of a 
 political machine, and therefore truer 
 to name. 
 
 In addition to the weekly Labor 
 papers already referred to the Labor 
 
 party now publishes five daily journals, 
 one each in llobart (Tasmania), Ade- 
 laide (South Australia), Brisbane 
 (Queensland), Ballarat (Victoria) and 
 Broken Mill (New South Wales). 
 There is no Labor daily press in 
 either of the two chief cities — Mel- 
 bourne and Sydney, although at the 
 outbreak of the war the Labor party 
 had a modern plant ready in Sydney 
 to produce a daily newspaper. Owing 
 greatly to the narrow lines and nar- 
 row views which characterize the La- 
 bor papers as compared with their non- 
 Labor opponents — which, again, is 
 owing greatly to the fact that the lead- 
 ers of the party have not yet learned 
 the first essentials of newspaper man- 
 agement — little journalistic or financial 
 success has yet been achieved by any 
 Labor daily paper. All of them are 
 dependent on constant — and grudging— 
 financial support from the Labor 
 unions. The circulations too. are ex- 
 ceedingly small, even among the work- 
 ing class, in comparison with those of 
 non-Labor papers. One explanation of 
 the poor circulations is that the Labor 
 publications are not newspapers in the 
 proper sense of that term. They may 
 be described generally as propaganda 
 sheets disguised as newspapers, and 
 they are therefore neither one nor the 
 other. They try to be both, and fail 
 both ways. Another drawback to suc- 
 cessful Labor journalism is that there 
 are wide divisions within the party 
 itself, These divisions cover sections 
 such as the revolutionary communists. 
 of the Karl Marx school; guild social- 
 ists ; State socialists and constitutional 
 democrats. All these sections issue 
 small weekly, fortnightly, or monthly 
 newspapers which have little or no in- 
 fluence on the mass of the proletariat. 
 From the offices of most of the prin- 
 cipal daily papers bulky general weekly 
 newspapers are issued. There is usual- 
 Iv one such weekly paper connected
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 7? 
 
 with each big daily paper proprietary. 
 These publications are a distinctive 
 feature of Australian journalism. They 
 are not mere weekly enlargements of 
 the dailies, but they are entirely sepa- 
 rate publications under separate titles. 
 They contain summaries of the week's 
 news, special agricultural*, pastoral, hor- 
 ticultural and sporting' articles, short 
 and serial stories, and an illustrated 
 section printed on art or supercalen- 
 dared paper. Many of these are high- 
 class productions and have large circu- 
 lations, chiefly in the rural districts. 
 Australia, however, is deficient in first- 
 rate magazines and reviews, the reason 
 being that its population is too small 
 to carry them. 
 
 Except at Sydney, in the State of 
 New South Wales, there are no Sunday 
 papers in Australia. In that city, how- 
 ever, three Sunday papers are published 
 regularly, two of them from the offices 
 of evening newspapers and one inde- 
 pendently. All are built more or less 
 on the lines of American Sunday 
 papers. In several of the States the 
 publication of regular Sunday papers 
 is expressly forbidden by law. In 
 those States it is provided that estab- 
 lished newspapers may publish three 
 Sunday editions during any one year, 
 but then only if the matter contained 
 in such editions is of national impor- 
 tance. 
 
 Among the weekly publications there 
 is one which is known in most parts 
 of the English-speaking world. '1 his 
 is "The Bulletin." published in Sydney, 
 Xew South Wales. It is the nearest 
 approach that Australia has to a na- 
 tional paper. In its make-up and range 
 of matter there is nothing quite like 
 it in the whole world of journalism. 
 Founded by an extraordinarily brilliant 
 Australian, whose outlook was essen- 
 tially that of the average Australian, it 
 has done much to mould national 
 
 thought and character, and at the same 
 time it is an admirable mirror of that 
 thought and character. Seizing the 
 field of humor and satire left largely 
 untouched by the daily newspapers, the 
 founder of "The Bulletin" produced a 
 paper brimful of those qualities. After 
 the usual struggle, owing to insufficient 
 capita], it was a complete success. It 
 handles politics, finance, art, literature. 
 and the topics of the day from a broad 
 national viewpoint, and all its articles, 
 paragraphs, cartoons, caricatures and 
 drawing are given a witty turn typically 
 Australian. The humor is so adroitly 
 mixed with sound common sense, good 
 taste, solid argument, and lofty nation- 
 al sentiment that "The Bulletin" makes 
 delightful reading. It is as popular 
 with women readers as with men. Its 
 contributors are to be found in all 
 classes of the community, and in every 
 remote corner of the island continent. 
 It has done more to encourage and 
 build up the short story writers and 
 the black and white artists of Australia 
 than any one paper in any other coun- 
 try has done for its writers and artists. 
 It is popular in city, town and country. 
 Indeed it has been said that if, on the 
 long, lonely back country tracks of 
 Australia, you meet a solitary swag- 
 man, bush worker, or sheep or cattle 
 droven. he may ask you for a pipe of 
 tobacco, but he is sure to ask for a 
 copy of "The Bulletin." And withal it 
 is in the hands of practically every 
 financier and statesman, investor and 
 business man in every part of the Con- 
 tinent. 
 
 As is natural in a country so de- 
 voutly devoted to all forms of sport, the 
 sporting papers are numerous. These 
 follow closely the lines of the British 
 ami American sporting publications. 
 
 The great handicap under which the 
 Australian newspapers suffer is the cost 
 of obtaining the world's big news. The
 
 76 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 bulk of this news is cabled from Lon- 
 don. England, and in comparison with 
 the cable charges to other countries, 
 the rate per word is high. Two cable 
 lines touch Australia — the Eastern Ex- 
 tension and the Pacific cables. The 
 news is transmitted through those lines, 
 but the heavy cost is a drain on the 
 resources of the newspapers. The 
 whole of the Australian press is de- 
 pendent on three cable news organiza- 
 tions. One of these is controlled by 
 the morning newspapers of Sydney and 
 Melbourne, formed into an association 
 for that purpose. This Association 
 uses its own service, and also sells it 
 to the other morning papers in the 
 capital cities, and to one or two eve- 
 inn- papers in the capital cities and 
 to one or two evening papers in the 
 capital cities as well. The other two 
 cable news organizations are at present 
 working together under an agreement. 
 They consist of a service controlled by 
 one evening paper in Sydney and an- 
 other in Melbourne, and of the Reu- 
 ters' Service. These services are sold 
 to other newspapers throughout Aus- 
 tralia on a contributory basis which 
 gives the contributors no voice in the 
 management. 
 
 With slight variations the laws, 
 libel and otherwise, governing news- 
 papers in Australia are the same in all 
 the States of the Commonwealth. They 
 are based on the British laws dealing 
 with newspapers. So far as the law 
 of libel is concerned, the principle is 
 that nothing must he printed that is 
 calculated to injure or damage a person 
 in the eyes of his fellow-citizens. Under 
 it a newspaper has no greater rights or 
 privileges in commenting on public af- 
 fairs, or in criticizing public men or 
 other persons, that are possessed by 
 the ordinary citizen. The courts of 
 justice are very strict on this point, and 
 the libel law is resorted to by persons 
 
 who consider themselves aggrieved 
 much more frequently in Australia than 
 is the case in America. The Australian 
 citizen is much more sensitive in re- 
 spect to what is said about him in t he- 
 press than is his American cousin. Idle 
 following instance, from my own ex- 
 perience, will illustrate the nervous con- 
 dition of the Australian newspapers as 
 regards the printing of libels. During 
 the Broken Hill strike of 1919-20, 
 when the whole city was laid idle for 
 18 months. "The Barrier Miner" dis- 
 covered that three of the strike leaders, 
 while drawing strike pay coupons, were 
 secretly receiving seven pounds a week 
 for alleged services in procuring the 
 attendance of union members for exam- 
 ination by a medical commission spe- 
 cially appointed by the Government, at 
 the union's request, to enquire into the 
 health conditions at the mines. The 
 leaders were suspected of opposing the 
 work of the health commission, and so 
 they were secretly paid salaries by the 
 commission to counteract their adverse 
 intensions — a scheme which proved suc- 
 cessful. "The Barrier Miner," having 
 got the men to unsuspectingly convict 
 themselves out of their own mouth, tele 
 graphed the facts, as specially good 
 copy, to all its correspondent news 
 papers, and to all the other leading 
 newspapers in Australia. But although 
 the strike was a matter of great na- 
 tional concern, scarcely any — if any — 
 dared to reproduce the exposure. The 
 guilty men had published a threat of 
 libel actions against any newspapers 
 that should reprint the facts, and that 
 sufficed to terrify the Australian press 
 into silence. The men did begin suits 
 against "The Barrier Miner" but they 
 did not proceed to court. Meanwhile 
 one of them was hounded out of office 
 over the matter, and the others went 
 out of their own accord. This is an 
 example of the paralyzing effect of the
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 77 
 
 libel nightmare on the Australian press. For the last ten years the working 
 One law, peculiar to Australia, has journalists of Australia have been or- 
 been enacted by the Commonwealth ganized in a trade union, registered 
 Parliament. This is contained in the under the industrial law of the Corn- 
 Electoral Act, a law relating to and monwealth. This union is known as 
 governing the election of members to the Australian Journalists' Association, 
 the Commonwealth Parliament. In it Any person the major portion of whose 
 there is a clause providing that between income is derived from Journalism, not 
 the date of the issue of a writ for an being a managing editor or chief of 
 election, and the date of the return of staff, is eligible for membership, Prac- 
 the writ to the President of the Senate ticallv every working journalist is a 
 or the Speaker of the House of Rep- member of the organization, which has 
 resentatives every article appearing in obtained by appeals to the Arbitration 
 any paper commenting on matter re- Court created under the Industrial law. 
 lating to the election must be signed awards fixing the minimum wages, and 
 by the writer thereof. This provision the hours and conditions of labor for 
 was brought forward by the Labor all its members. These awards have 
 party, and was intended as a blow at substantially increased the wages of 
 the influence of the anti-Labor news- journalists on the regular newspaper 
 papers. It was considered that if the staffs throughout Australia, and at the 
 names of the writers of political articles same time they have decreased the 
 were attached to them, it would de- hours of labor. Separate agreements 
 tract from the weight of such articles, have been made by the Journalists' 
 The underlying idea was to detach the Association with city and country 
 force and influence of a paper from the newspaper proprietors. In the capital 
 articles published in it, and to give cities, the Melbourne (Victoria) and 
 them the appearance of expressions of Sydney (New South Wales) wage rates 
 mere personal opinions by obscure are taken as a basis, and percentage re- 
 writers, ductions are provided in the wages 
 The intention of the law. however, paid in the smaller capitals like Bris- 
 has been fairly generally defeated bane (Queensland), and Perth (West 
 whenever desired. This has been done Australia), Hobart (Tasmania), and 
 by attaching to each article the names Adelaide (South Australia). At first, 
 of the whole of the persons composing where the journalists were fighting for 
 the editorial and leader-writing staff, the formation of the Association and 
 by appending a statement that the for their awards from the Arbitration 
 article was written, after consultation, Court, there was some friction with 
 by "Brown Smith," or by printing a the newspaper proprietors, who resented 
 statement in some part of the news- the application of trade union princi- 
 paper to the effect that for any matter pies in the working of their literary 
 in the issue requiring a signature under staffs. Now, however, the position has 
 the law, "Brown Smith, "Smith Brown," been accepted, and the scheme is op- 
 and Jones Robinson" are responsible, erating smoothly and, on the whole. 
 Consequently it is exceedingly doubtful satisfactorily. 
 
 whether the law has had the effect de- The need for a national Australian 
 
 sired by its framers. It has been the daily newspaper is crying aloud for 
 
 means of satisfying some idle curiosity recognition. The great dailies of the 
 
 as to the identity of the political writ- large cities are all parochial. Even 
 
 ers, but that is about all. the greatest of them — and they include
 
 7* 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 newspapers that would bear comparison 
 with the world's best — give surprisingly 
 little space to Australian affairs out- 
 side the State in which they are pub- 
 lished. Indeed, after eliminating" the 
 purely metropolitan news and the 
 foreign cables, there is little left. Aus- 
 tralian happenings of far greater im- 
 portance than much of the news cabled 
 from the other side of the world are 
 often overlooked if outside the boun- 
 daries of the State in which the paper 
 is published. One would think that 
 the leading metropolitan dailies had 
 come to an agreement not to compete 
 with one another, otherwise, within 20 
 years of federation, surely one, if not 
 more, of them would have published an 
 
 edition simultaneously in each State. 
 That opportunity will not be left un- 
 seized forever ; for though it would 
 take large capital to initiate a new daily 
 newspaper on national lines, with a na- 
 tional policy, and published simultan- 
 eously in each of the six states, such a 
 paper would really have no opposition 
 in its own wide sphere. Three-fifths of 
 the population would be reached by 
 such a paper before breakfast every 
 morning. Well and patriotically con- 
 ducted, such a journal would indeed be 
 a power in the land, and a power for 
 great good. Perhaps such a paper will 
 soon appear. Until it does, it cannot 
 be said that the Australian press has 
 attained its majority.
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 79 
 
 The Need in Latin-American Countries 
 
 Virgilio Rodriguez Beteta 
 
 Representing the Press . Issociation of 
 
 .South . Imeriea 
 
 Being one of the fundamental pur- 
 poses of the Press Congress to establish 
 and maintain closer relations between 
 the publishers of newspapers and maga- 
 zines in every country, nothing could be 
 better than the formation of subdivisions 
 of this Congress, in such a way that this 
 may be the big organization which will 
 preside over all subdivisions and these 
 will serve with greater concentration on 
 sectional problems, and particular atten- 
 tion to relations between peoples of one 
 section of the globe. The organization 
 of a Pan-Pacific Press Conference to be 
 a part of the Press Congress of the 
 World is, in consequence, not only a 
 logical step in the development of the 
 functions of the Press Congress of the 
 World, but a step of more than ordinary 
 significance at this time when the eyes 
 of the world are turned expectantly on 
 the development of this section of the 
 globe. 
 
 The papers presented on the occasion 
 of the inauguration of this Pan-Pacific 
 Press Congress widely show how prac- 
 tical can be the promotion of under- 
 standing between the Pan-Pacific coun- 
 tries to secure better means of communi- 
 cation between them and above all, to 
 advance the cause of world peace. 
 
 I will refer now only to what this 
 section of the Press Congress can ac- 
 complish in the case of Latin America. 
 All of the Latin American Republics 
 have coastlines, both on the Atlantic and 
 the Pacific, with the exception of Uru- 
 guay, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and 
 Bolivia, but even these countries have 
 
 considerable interest in the Pacific, inso- 
 far as the first four are concerned they 
 are interested because of the establish- 
 ment of railroad facilities between Chile 
 and the Republic of Argentina by means 
 of the Transandean Railway. In refer- 
 ence to the last named of these republics, 
 Bolivia, which has no coast, either on 
 the Atlantic or the Pacific, has its natur- 
 al outlet, however, toward the Pacific. 
 In spite of the many commercial inter- 
 ests which Latin America has on the 
 Pacific it can be said that there are but 
 very few relations maintained between 
 these countries and those of the Ha- 
 waiian Islands, Japan, China, Korea, 
 New Zealand, the Philippines, Australia 
 and other countries bordering the Pa- 
 cific in the Old World, countries which 
 are known to Latin America through 
 name only. 
 
 There are in Latin American countries 
 bordering the Pacific not less than 
 seventy wireless stations, among them 
 one of high power located in Chile, but 
 no news is sent there directly from the 
 Orient. It is relayed to California by 
 wireless, from there it is sent to New 
 York, thence to South America by cable 
 from Galveston on the Gulf of Mexico, 
 going to Vera Cruz, Mexico, crossing 
 then the isthmus and going from there 
 through all the Pacific countries of Cen- 
 tral and South America. 
 
 The main task of the Pan-Pacific Con- 
 gress in connection with the interchange 
 of news in Central and South American 
 newspapers should be directed to obtain- 
 ing direct means of communication at
 
 so 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 the lowest possible rate. The dealings 
 which rapid development of this Con- 
 gress is maintaining is of great interest 
 to the Orient because of the rapid 
 growth which these young countries 
 have made in their fight for advance- 
 ment against so many handicaps. The 
 Orient would be interested in knowing- 
 how the racial problem has been solved 
 in countries like Argentina and Ura- 
 guay, how the extension of a great popu- 
 lation of Negroes in Brazil does not 
 constitute the problem there, and how 
 the problem of a large native Indian 
 population, by means of its slow assimi- 
 lation with the white populations is be- 
 ing solved. You of the Orient will be 
 very much interested in knowing of the 
 magnitude and intensity of the fight iti 
 which these countries have been engaged 
 in their struggle to adopt the most ad- 
 vanced principles of representation and 
 democracy in spite of poor preparation 
 by the masses and a national indepen- 
 dent life when these countries obtained 
 their independence from Spain. Finally 
 you will be astonished when you know 
 the progress, the figures of natural trade 
 and some other striking results achieved 
 by some of these countries. While a 
 group of them have achieved great re- 
 sults and all the others are in different 
 degrees of development, all tending to- 
 ward the same results. The size of the 
 Latin American territory which is at 
 least four times that of the United 
 States and is capable for a population 
 of four hundred million people, and the 
 stupendous number and variety of natur- 
 al resources foreshadows that Latin 
 America is destined to occupy a great 
 position in world affairs. And now it is 
 interesting to know how the Orient will 
 be benefited from the position which 
 Latin America holds. 
 
 From the beginning of the develop- 
 ment of the practical works of the Pan- 
 Pacific Congress in Latin America I sug- 
 
 gest the necessity of starting the rela- 
 tions with it by means of a center of 
 communication established at a point in 
 America which is to be in direct con- 
 tact, both with Latin America and at the 
 same time with the Orient. There is 
 but one way to begin, that is to say, to 
 take advantage of an intermediate point. 
 The situation is similar to that of two 
 persons, who, in order to become ac- 
 quainted need the services of a third 
 person to make the introduction. 
 Through this point you will speak to 
 Latin America and Latin America will 
 speak to you, it being the center of dif- 
 fusion and the source of the information 
 contained in your newspapers, maga-' 
 zines and pamphlets, and vice versa. Of 
 course this point which is selected must 
 be one which has the best and most 
 rapid means of communication by cable, 
 wireless, steamer and mail with both the 
 Orient and Latin America. Through 
 this center there would be developed the 
 mutual relations between the Orient and 
 Latin America, until the time when such 
 communications could be put on a direct 
 basis. 
 
 That is the way for the Pan-Pacific 
 Congress to promote a better under- 
 standing between the Pacific countries 
 of Latin America and the Pacific coun- 
 tries of the Orient, and especially of 
 establishing better understanding be- 
 tween the journalists by means of com- 
 munication. In so far as the high pur- 
 poses of advancing the cause of the 
 peace of the Pacific, a phrase of deep 
 significance for securing the peace of the 
 world, this branch of the Press Congress 
 should make the task of Latin America a 
 very important one. There are in the 
 most southwesterly part of America big 
 problems which concern the international 
 policies of all Latin America. The "War 
 of the Pacific," so-called, is the name 
 given by history to the war between 
 Chile on the one side, and Peru and
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 81 
 
 Bolivia on the other side during the last dressed is Central America. The separa- 
 third of the eighteenth century. This tion of these five small republics which at 
 war left as a legacy a hitter dispute as the time of its independence and some 
 to frontiers and provinces which has been twenty years after, were constituted a 
 impossible to settle amicably in spite of sole nation, is a Latin American interna- 
 the many efforts used, as much on the tional problem which in a certain way 
 part of politicians and diplomatists of the opposes the prestige and harmonious de- 
 contending nations as by the mediation velopment of the American continent of 
 of disinterested countries. Neither the Spanish speaking countries. Since its in- 
 Pan-American Congress, started nearly dependence the most intelligent and patri- 
 thirty years ago with the purpose of otic public men have been engaged in 
 bringing together the American conn- fighting at first for maintaining the unity 
 tries, both of Saxon and Spanish origin, of the Republic of Central America and 
 for the settlement of international quar- afterwards for the establishment of it. 
 rels and disputes and adopting a common Since 1885, on which date Rufino Barrios 
 point of view in regard to international fell in battle, fighting gloriously for these 
 policies, or the efforts of prominent men ideals, the attempts to secure this union 
 of thought and good will in North and by means of force were stopped, and has 
 South America have succeeded in stop- been changed by means of a policy of 
 ping this acute quarrel which represents diplomacy and ' other peaceful means, 
 the most perplexing problem confronted [n 1911 \ ]ea?ue of Central American 
 by the people ot Latin America. journalists was attempted for the same 
 Bolivia expects, naturally enough, an ]mrpose M prescnt t , are not en _ 
 
 outlet to the sea, of which she was de- , • • i - ^, . 
 
 . . . . , . gaged in re-uniting the governments, but 
 
 pnved at the time of the treatv after that ' '. . , , t»- i • 
 
 ^ , , , ' , . mamlv the peoples. Big things are bem«: 
 
 war. rem demands the return of two . J , , P , , , , 
 
 provinces which Chile retains in her reformed worthy of the help and support 
 
 hands. Chile argues that she has the of a11 hono ™ ble P eo P le - Th e Spanish 
 
 right for doing it and the other says that and Latin American press has ottered at 
 
 the main condition of that treatv.' which different opportunities its support, and 
 
 was to put the disputed provinces under recently most of the papers of the United 
 
 the test of a plebiscite, was not fulfilled. States, especially the papers and maga- 
 
 The settlement of the problem involved zines of New York, have become inter- 
 is the main purpose of any attempt to ested in this affair and have applauded 
 maintain peace in the Latin American that effort. Should the Pan- Pacific Con- 
 Pacific. If the Pan-Pacific Press Con- gress take upon its own account the task 
 ference could do something that would of using its influence for securing a 
 gain the attention of the most influential definite moral support of the press of the 
 journalists of both countries in order to Pacific it would be very opportune and 
 bring about a common point of view it would signify that they would help the 
 which would result in arranging a cove- five countries occupying the center of the 
 nant. it would be an achievement which Xew World, through which the oceanic 
 would excel any other one accomplish- communication was opened and which is 
 ment made by the many tentative Pan- the point at which not only the communi- 
 American Congresses and courts of arbi- cation of the Atlantic with the Pacific 
 tration. was consummated, hut which represents 
 
 Another point to which the side of the the bridge uniting the great portions of 
 
 l'an-Pacific Press Congress could be ad- North and South America.
 
 S2 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 A Pan-Pacific School of Journalism 
 
 Dean Waltee Williams 
 President World's Press Congress 
 
 I do not intend to make a speech on of the improvement of the rising" gen- 
 the subject assigned to me. If I had eration, of the new crop of journalists 
 my "druthers" as Mark Twain used to that is coming on in the various conn- 
 say. 1 would "drnther" be honorary sec- tries of the world. These earlier jour- 
 retary than to hold any position I know, nalists have made a great mess of the 
 \> 1 understand the duties of an hon- world or they permitted a great mess to 
 orary secretary they are to look wise or be made by other people and the chaos 
 pretty and be silent and see that every- that confronts us today is, in a meas- 
 one else stops as soon as possible their Lire, in a very considerable measure, 
 speeches. Mr. Cohen fills that position the fault of the press of the world. If 
 beautifully, as did Mr. McClatchy this the newspapers had been fair and un- 
 mooring. . censored and courageous in their deal- 
 Director Ford has asked that I give in 8 s wilh the peoples of their own lands 
 the reasons why there should be a Pan- aml the peoples of other lands we 
 Pacific School of Journalism. I will would not so certainly have had the 
 not do so. My conclusions would be - rcat war > the end of which we have 
 correct but the reasons that I would J ust happily witnessed. 
 give might be altogether wrong and Now this is a strategic point for a 
 while you might agree with me in the School of Journalism. It seems to me 
 conclusions you might disagree with the there are not to be very many schools 
 reasons that I suggested as the means of journalism in the world ; there is 
 for reaching those conclusions. Travel not enough room for them. Many 
 and education or education including great schools of journalism there can- 
 travel is necessary in preparation for not be any more than many great uni- 
 any form of journalism. There is no versities there cannot be. There can 
 occupation in life except that of an be abundant primary and much ele- 
 idiot that can lie successfully performed mentary and secondary education but 
 without education of some kind. Most higher education in the larger sense can 
 of us are in journalism by accident or only be successfully given at certain 
 inheritance or inability to get into any- great centers or certain places where 
 thing else or for some other incidental opportunities exist therefor, and one 
 reason, and that is one trouble with of these places it seems to me, as far 
 journalism and we can't improve jour- as journalism is concerned, is this pe- 
 nalism very much without improving culiar community in which we find our- 
 j our nalists and I have very little hope selves this afternoon, and the reason for 
 of the improvement of journalists who that of course is that map. The map 
 have reached the age of permissible in- makes of Honolulu a Charing Cross out 
 discretion, such as the age reached by on the Pacific ; it makes it a terminal 
 some who I see before me and behind station, a station where people can stop 
 me in this room, but I have great hope a while and then go on to some other
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 83 
 
 place, having changed cars or trams or 
 ships or outrigger canoes in the center 
 of this great ocean, and that is one 
 reason. Another reason is that here 
 we have the customs and habits of 
 peoples of the Pacific carried out in 
 actual everyday life, to be studied here 
 as a laboratory before our eyes, or a 
 panorama to perceive as we look out on 
 it which could be obtained by students 
 nowhere else in the world. 
 
 These are some reasons why the con- 
 clusions seem to me correct that an 
 institution here which would take for 
 a year or two students in their senior 
 years or as graduate students from 
 Japan, China, New Zealand, Australia, 
 the Mainland and the Philippines and 
 let them, for a year or two here, under 
 proper auspices, with inspiring teach- 
 ers, see how the others live. In a 
 short time they could go back to their 
 own countries knowing as much about 
 
 conditions of life among other peoples 
 as they would by extensive travel and 
 long study in any of the countries thus 
 represented. 
 
 That it seems to me has its value for, 
 after all. as it cannot be too frequently 
 said, if journalism is to be anything 
 other than a mere occupation to fur- 
 nish bread and butter to those engaged 
 in it, if it is to reach its highest mis- 
 sion, it must undertake to make the 
 world better because it has been in the 
 world. In its highest analysis it is a 
 profession of public service. Some one 
 said the other day that a good definition 
 of journalism is a profession that knew 
 where hell is about to break out and 
 had a reporter there to tell what hap- 
 pened when the devil appeared. It 
 seems to me a better definition for the 
 new journalism in the new world is 
 that it is a profession that knows where 
 heaven can be brought about and has 
 a reporter on hand to lift the lid.
 
 S4 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Press Congress 
 
 Dr. Frank l\ IU.xkkr 
 Executive Secretary Pan-Pacific Union 
 
 The hour has come to close this ses- 
 sion of the Pan-Pacific Press Confer- 
 ence and with it there terminates as 
 well the official program of the Press 
 Congress of the World. Very soon, all 
 too soon to suit those of us who belong 
 to Hawaii, yon will begin retracing 
 your steps. Very soon comfortable and 
 commodious vessels and swift trains 
 will have carried you back to your 
 desks and very soon you will find your- 
 selves in your accustomed places, en- 
 gaged in your accustomed duties, meet- 
 ing your accustomed associates and 
 again living your accustomed lives. For 
 a brief time you will have slipped out 
 i't" your place in the smoothly working 
 machinery with which each of you has 
 surrounded himself and of which each 
 is an integral and essential part. Soon 
 you will have slipped back into your 
 particular niches, outwardly unchanged 
 by your visit to Hawaii. 
 
 While your avoirdupois may show 
 some increase, nevertheless, I have no 
 doubt, yonr architectural lines will still 
 bear sufficient resemblance to your 
 former proportions to enable your 
 friends to recognize your silouette. Out- 
 wardly. 1 say, all will be as before, but 
 inwardly, I doubt not, there will have 
 come a change as a result of new pre- 
 ceptions, an enlarged outlook, an ener- 
 gizing vision, for you have been seeing 
 with the mind as well as with the eye. 
 
 The citizens of Hawaii, with that hos- 
 pitality for which they are justly 
 famous ( I ran say this without im- 
 modesty for I have been here not much 
 longer than yourselves) have tried to 
 
 make it easy for you to see something 
 (if nature's wonders here to be found in 
 lavish profusion; to gain some notion 
 at first hand of Hawaii's important oc- 
 cupations ; to learn somewhat of the 
 customs, lore and character of the great 
 race of Polynesians who have long in- 
 habited these Islands, and to form some- 
 idea of the problems of labor and race 
 here to be found. 
 
 Although we hope you will have 
 found these features of sufficient inter- 
 est to lead you to speak and to write 
 of them as opportunity arises, never- 
 theless, if that inward change of which 
 I speak has lead you to do no more 
 than to observe and enjoy the unpar- 
 alleled beauties of sea and land and 
 sky, here to be found, your trip will 
 have fallen short of its possibilities, 
 both to you and to us, for you will 
 have missed the interrelations of things, 
 the hidden meanings, the things which 
 do not appear. In such event it will 
 be as though "having eyes one sees 
 not" and "having ears one hears not." 
 A Prophecy of the Pacific 
 
 That the countries and states border- 
 ing the Pacific and in the Pacific con- 
 stitute a region having features and 
 characteristics and problems which dif- 
 ferentiate it from every other region 
 has been recognized by many. Seventy 
 years or more ago W. H. Seward, then 
 Hnited States Senator from New York, 
 and later Secretary of State under 
 Lincoln, in a notable speech in the 
 Senate gave expression to a remarkable 
 prophecy concerning this region. He 
 said :
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 85 
 
 "Henceforth European commerce, 
 
 European politics, European thought, 
 and European activity, although actual- 
 ly gaining force; and European connec- 
 tions, although actually becoming more 
 intimate, will nevertheless relatively 
 sink in importance; while the Pacific 
 Ocean, its shores, its islands and the 
 vast region beyond, will become the 
 chief theatre of events in the world's 
 great hereafter." 
 
 President Harding's Views 
 
 The fact that on Armistice Day, No- 
 vember 11th next, there convenes in 
 Washington at the call of the Presi- 
 dent of the United States representa- 
 tives of the principal allied and asso- 
 ciated powers to consider the principles 
 and policies which shall govern in and 
 about the Pacific, is clear proof of the 
 fact that in the view of the President 
 of the United States the future peace 
 of the world now turns on the settle- 
 ment of diffculties in the Pacific. If 
 further proof of his interest in the Pa- 
 cific were needed it would be found in 
 the letter of greetings which he sent 
 to the delegates to the Pan-Pacific Edu- 
 cational Conference which convened in 
 this city in August last. Let me read 
 his letter : 
 
 "The Pan-Pacific Congress on Edu- 
 cation soon te meet, has greatly ap- 
 pealed to my imagination, and 1 want 
 to express my hopes that it will be 
 marked by a measure of success that 
 will justify all the hopes that have 
 been entertained for it. It seems onh 
 yesterday that we thought of the broad 
 Pacific as separating two unrelated 
 worlds, now we have come to regard 
 it as a world by itself, the greatest of 
 neighborhoods, the romantic meeting 
 place of East and West, where each 
 merges into the other and both dis- 
 cover that at last the supreme interests 
 of humanity are common to all men 
 and races. Two-thirds of the earth's 
 
 population live in the lands of the Pa- 
 cific, numbering the oldest and the 
 newest of organized communities, and, 
 characteristic of our times, their mighty 
 ocean is conic to be regarded by all of 
 them as a bond rather than a barrier. 
 In a large way we must feel that the 
 future of the race, the hope of creating 
 a true community of men and nations 
 and civilizations, each retaining its own 
 traditions, character and independence, 
 yet all serving the common end of 
 human progress must greatly depend 
 on the development of your fine ideal 
 of a Pan- Pacific neighborhood. With 
 better acquaintance, more intimate inter- 
 dependence, riper mutual understand- 
 ings, we shall advance to the realiza- 
 tion of such an ideal. I feel that your 
 Educational Congress is one of the most 
 practical means of drawing these com- 
 munities thus closer together, and there- 
 fore have special reasons to wish it 
 well." 
 
 Statement by Lloyd George 
 
 In this connection I want also to 
 bring to your attention a statement 
 made by Lloyd George, uttered but a 
 few weeks ago, in discussion of the 
 British-Japanese alliance. As quoted 
 by the Associated Press, he said : 
 
 "If the alliance with Japan could be 
 merged into a greater understanding 
 with Japan and the United States on 
 all problems of the Pacific, that would 
 be a great event, and it would be a 
 guarantee for the peace of the world. 
 The problems of today may be in the 
 Atlantic. Yesterday they were in the 
 German ocean, and they may pass to- 
 morrow into the Pacific and when they 
 do the powers that are most greatly 
 concerned in the Pacific are America, 
 Japan. China and the British Lmpire. 
 These four great powers are primarily 
 concerned with having a complete un- 
 derstanding with regard to the Pacific. 
 The surest way to make a success of
 
 86 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 any disarmament plan is, first of all. to united by Mr. Ford has been much the 
 arrive al an understanding upon the same as that which communities gen- 
 Pacific." erally take toward projects of like char- 
 Ex-President Roosevelt's Comment acter. At first the feeling was one of 
 And may I not add also the words indifference and of incredulity. Then 
 of the late President Roosevelt, speak- came a period characterized by an 
 ing to this matter of the Pacific as a awakening interest followed by the full 
 region of significance. endorsement and the active support of 
 "The Mediterranean era died with local persons of the highest standing, 
 the discovery of America; the Atlantic As to the nations and countries in 
 era has reached the height of its de- and about the Pacific, Mr. Ford has 
 velopment ; the Pacific era, destined to secured for the Union from many the 
 be the greatest, is just at dawn." endorsement of their chief administra- 
 Attitude of Press Congress of World tive officers and the permission to use 
 This area which we are calling the their names as sponsors. Among these 
 Pacific region, is so big and broad, countries are the following: The United 
 so diversified in its peoples, its climate, States and Canada in North America; 
 it> industries; and we in turn may be New Zealand, Australia, Java, the 
 come so occupied with the minutiae of Philippines and Japan among the Pa- 
 mir particular vocations that it is easy cific islands; and Siam and China on 
 to fail to see the larger whole and con- the continent of Asia. 
 sequently to fail to do our part in furthermore, such is the recognition 
 bringing into harmonious relationship accorded the Pan-Pacific Union, that Mr. 
 the divergent elements to be found Ford succeeded, through the assistance 
 therein. The fact, however, that the of the Federal Bureau of Education and 
 Press Congress of the World thought of the Pan-American Union, in having 
 it important enough to meet here in the Department of State of the United 
 Hawaii and that you have thought it States government, through its diplo- 
 wise to organize a Pan-Pacific Press matic connections, extend to the gov- 
 Conference to carry forward lines of ernments and self-governing colonies of 
 work which have to do primarily with the Pacific, a formal invitation to send 
 this region show unmistakably that you delegates to the Pan-Pacific Educational 
 ■ ire not blind to the need or to the pos- Conference held last August here in 
 sibilities. I lonolulu. 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Union Pan-Pacific Conferences 
 
 Fourteen years ago this vision of a A year ago the leading scientists of 
 
 Pacific region knit together in all of Pan- Pacific regions were convened here 
 
 its parts and its interrelations by friend- by the Pan-Pacific Union in a confer- 
 
 ly understanding came to Mr. Alexander ence of great success, held under the 
 
 Hume Ford. Tike many other move- chairmanship of Dr. Herbert E. Greg- 
 
 ments which have grown into powerful ory, Director of Bernice Puahi Bishop 
 
 agencies for public welfare, the idea Museum, Honolulu. Last August, as 
 
 first found lodgment in the mind of a I have just stated, the Pan-Pacific 
 
 >ingle individual who had the courage Union brought together seventy-five ex- 
 
 and singleness of purpose to devote his perts in the general field of education 
 
 entire time and energy to its promotion, under the chairmanship of Dr. David 
 
 The attitude of Hawaii, itself, to- Starr Jordan. Copies of the proceed- 
 
 wards the Pan-Pacific movement inaug- ings have just come from the press and
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 87 
 
 will be distributed among you. In 
 
 August or September of next year it 
 will bring to Honolulu in similar 
 fashion a group of the leaders of com- 
 merce and of business drawn from Pa- 
 cific regions. Other conferences of like 
 character are in prospect for succeed- 
 ing years, all of which are in line with 
 the thought with which I am sure you 
 will agree, that amity "and goodfellow- 
 ship among the races and nations of 
 this great region will be conserved and 
 stimulated by bringing together leaders 
 in the different fields of human activity. 
 All of this has, let me add, been ac- 
 complished in fourteen years by the 
 genius of one man and with the co- 
 operation and help of a board of trus- 
 tees of very able and public-spirited 
 persons who have had faith in Mr. 
 Ford and in the practicability and value 
 of his idea. 
 
 A Permanent Regional Press Conference 
 
 The educational conference recently 
 held here, with unanimity and much 
 enthusiasm, recommended that the Tan- 
 Pacific Union take up and carry for- 
 ward important investigations which it 
 proposed and lines of activity which it 
 believes will minister to a better under- 
 standing among the Pacific nations. 
 The Pan-Pacific Union gladly acceded 
 to its request, and is expanding its ma- 
 chinery to serve as indicated. 
 
 This morning, as the heritage of the 
 Press Congress of the World, yon have 
 
 organized a permanent Pan-Pacific 
 Press Conference to undertake to bring 
 the peoples of the Pacific into closer 
 and better relationships through making 
 the way for the transmission and inter- 
 change of information easier. While 
 maintaining its contact with the Press 
 Congress of the World you have ar- 
 ranged to place it under the fostering 
 care of the Pan-Pacific Union. We 
 gladly accept this foster child under 
 the conditions which have been pro- 
 posed and will give its nurture and 
 growth our sympathetic and active 
 assistance and we hope that two or 
 three years hence when the second meet- 
 ing of the representatives of the press 
 of the Pacific is held that our child 
 will be a lusty and vigorous one with 
 lungs and a voice sufficiently developed 
 to be heard by the governments of 
 the nations of the Pacific whose ears 
 are sometimes a bit deaf. 
 
 Thus does the Pan-Pacific Union 
 seek to cooperate with any and all 
 agencies which attempt to make of the 
 region of the Pacific one wherein 
 the minds of all of our people shall be 
 thoroughly saturated with the spirit 
 which prompted Abram of old to say 
 to his nephew Lot when trouble was in 
 prospect : 
 
 "Let there be no strife, I pray thee, 
 between me and thee, and between my 
 herdmen and thy herdmen, for we be 
 
 brethren."
 
 ss 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Getting News In and Out of China 
 
 EC. P. Wang 
 Associate Editor, the Shun Poo, Shanghai, China. 
 
 China is a country where the news- 
 paper has not been fully developed as 
 yet. Both the news releasers and the 
 news readers have not fully understood 
 the value of good news service, and 
 hence the task of the news gatherers is 
 a rather difficult one. However, as the 
 news field in China is so rich and abun- 
 dant, and practically the whole of which 
 is unexplored yet, a conscientious and 
 adventurous journalist will find his work 
 in China to be one of unsurpassed fasci- 
 nation and of unexhaustible inspiration. 
 It was only a few years ago that people 
 of the country took journalism not as 
 a profession or a profession of public 
 service. But today, there is already a 
 group of people, who have recognized 
 the importance of journalistic work in 
 China and have resolved to devote their 
 life time to serve the public through their 
 pens; and quite a number of them can 
 be considered as real, genuine, and faith- 
 ful journalists, journalists who chose 
 journalism as their profession because 
 they have faith and love in the value, in- 
 terest and fascination of the work itself, 
 and not because they take it as a means 
 to achieve a certain selfish aim for them- 
 selves or for somebody else. 
 
 In spite of the fact that we have quite 
 
 a number of real journalists in China, 
 yet the news service in the country to- 
 day as a whole has not been proved 
 satisfactory or efficient as it should be, 
 either because the news releasers would 
 not give enough cooperation and assist 
 ance in putting out news in a manner 
 that is most prompt and most readily, 
 or because the news gathered and pub- 
 
 lished does not suit the taste of the read- 
 ing public. In China, public organiza- 
 tions, or even government bureaus, have 
 not adopted the policy and have not 
 realized the advantage of releasing news 
 to the papers from time to time ; and 
 whatever they release for publication, if 
 any, is either too formal and uninterest- 
 ing, or too brief and incomprehensible, 
 and in majority of the cases, the news 
 gatherers for the papers have to go 
 here and there to get materials to supple- 
 ment that released so that it can be 
 rendered into readable and understand- 
 able matter. Many a time, news items 
 of public interest, the nature of which is 
 common and the significance of which is 
 not far-reaching, have to be withheld 
 from publication by the authorities con- 
 cerned, simply because they deal with 
 the government or government officials, 
 and as such, they should be regarded as 
 secret to the public. It is also very 
 common that meetings and gatherings of 
 public organizations, or important move- 
 ments conducted by public bodies, which 
 by their nature possess tremendous news 
 value, would pass through without being 
 noticed and reported by the papers. As 
 a rule, people irt China do not notify the 
 papers as to what they have done, they 
 are doing, or they will do, and it is up 
 to the papers to find out these doings 
 themselves. The institution of getting 
 an interview for publication from a cer- 
 tain person is practically unknown to 
 Chinese, not because the reporters are 
 not on the job, but because the people 
 with whom the reporters interviewed do 
 not want publicity in that way. People
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 89 
 
 in China still hold the old virtue of 
 modesty, and they do not wish to have 
 their names appear in the papers it" they 
 can help it, even if the appearance of 
 their names would do them good and 
 would give them fame and credit. ( Un- 
 people at home simply have not heen 
 accustomed to that institution as vet. 
 
 Then again, the nature of the news 
 and the style in which the news is writ- 
 ten have a great deal to do with the 
 success and popularity of the papers. 
 The stud)- of newspaper readers' psy- 
 chology in China is a very interesting 
 one. The majority of newspaper sub- 
 scribers there do not subscribe for the 
 papers for the news of the day. but for 
 the so-called literary pages. The most 
 important feature for a newspaper to 
 have in China has been, and will con- 
 tinue to be for the next few vears to 
 come, these literary pages, pages contain- 
 ing not the news of the present moment, 
 but the news happenings of years ago, 
 pages not containing articles on current 
 topics, but articles of literary value. 
 Anecdotes concerning certain noted per- 
 sons in the past are always more pre- 
 ferred than telegraphic news telling 
 stories about the present day people who 
 reside far away, or describing current 
 events which happened in farther-off dis- 
 tricts or countries. A few stanzas of 
 poetry are much more welcomed by the 
 readers than a few articles on political 
 or economic problems. Therefore, the 
 main task of the news gatherers of the 
 majority of the papers in China today, 
 particularly of the papers in the interior 
 parts of the country, is to gather news 
 not of the present, but of the past, be- 
 cause that is the only way to keep the 
 paper going, and that is also the only 
 way to satisfy the subscribers. Then the 
 style of writing must be strictly literary, 
 and no vulgar expressions can be toler- 
 ated, as the Chinese are essentially a 
 literary people, though the number of 
 
 educated people is so limited. The lit- 
 erary style must be kept and emphasized 
 throughout the whole paper, including 
 the in\\s columns. Chinese people will 
 not read a story which consists of facts 
 alone, with no opinions or comments in- 
 termingled. The more opinion the writer 
 puts into the story, the more the story 
 will be read; and papers giving the 
 stories in pure narrative style will not 
 appeal to readers and hence will not 
 make any success in China. The Ameri- 
 can journalistic principle of giving facts 
 alone and no comments in the news col- 
 umns can not be worked out in China 
 just now, and most likely will remain un- 
 workable for a few decades to come. The 
 British way of treating news, that is : 
 editorial opinions intermixed with news 
 stories, is a favorite type for the Chinese. 
 However, the above picture only gives 
 a description of conditions existing in the 
 newspaper world of China at large, and 
 principle papers having their publica- 
 tions issued in newspaper centres like 
 Shanghai, Peking, Canton, Hankow, and 
 Tientsin are being conducted more or 
 less according to modern methods and 
 principles. Let us discuss a few min- 
 utes the ways through which these 
 papers are getting stories for their news 
 columns. The papers in these newspaper 
 centres, though still publishing literary 
 pages and employing literary style for 
 their writings, are paving more and more 
 attention to the importance and value 
 of getting news of the day. and by so 
 doing, they are gradually introducing 
 into China principles of modern journal- 
 ism. Now. how do they get news? That 
 is a question worth considering. Take 
 the Shanghai papers into consideration 
 first, as the Shanghai papers are by far 
 the most advanced and progressive of 
 all the papers in the country. Nearly all 
 the papers in Shanghai employ special 
 correspondents stationed in the different 
 principal cities, who send in the bulk of
 
 10 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 news to the editorial offices of their missioners, shipping and customs offi- 
 home papers generally through postal cials. guilds and chamber of commerce 
 administration. A few rich papers and of the city and also of other parts of the 
 papers of old standing provide a better country, so that their source of financial 
 facility for the public, however; the cor- news will never become exhausted. Be- 
 respondents of these papers would send sides these financial editors, there are 
 in the comparatively more important special reporters who are always ready 
 news through telegraphic channels. As to be on the job for any reporting work 
 a rule, the papers possessing facilities of at any time. Social news and news of 
 telegraphic news are more popular to the human interest are abundant in Shang- 
 readers than papers without such service, hai, and taken as a whole, Shanghai 
 and the telegraphic news items them- papers generally put out good and inter- 
 selves have also been proved more pop- esting news every day. A few of these 
 ular than items sent through other means, papers are also conducting engraving 
 The most highly paid correspondents are an( j photographic departments, and 
 those who are stationed in Peking, and hence they have the advantage over other 
 most of them deserve the highest merit, papers by issuing illustrated pages. In 
 Peking is the greatest news centre in Shanghai, we have a special class of 
 China, and as such, the responsibilities newspaper workers known as profes- 
 of the correspondents towards the papers sional reporters. These professional re- 
 of which they are representatives are also porters are not employees of any paper, 
 the greatest. In Peking, where the seat nor are they employed by any news 
 of China's national capital is situated, agency or news syndicate. They are a 
 news items of all description and of all class by themselves. During the day 
 nature are produced nearly every minute, they would go out and get whatever 
 and it takes men of big calibre, clear news t ] ie y ca n, and towards the evening 
 mind, keen judgment, and learned far- ()] - ]. lte ni t ] ie afternoon, they would meet 
 sightedness to sort out all the news that together at certain appointed tea houses 
 comes to him, to pick the true and good, or restaurants to talk over what each 
 and to send it back to their home nas gathered in the day. They would 
 papers. Correspondents stationed at exchange the news thus gathered, one 
 other cities do not play such an impor- NV j t h another, and each would tise his 
 tant part as those at Peking, but they Des t: style to render the materials thus 
 also make valuable contributions to the exchanged into story form, and when 
 papers from time to time. these stories are sent to the papers and 
 For local news, practically all Shang- published the next day, they get their 
 hai papers have good services, both by pay due to them from the papers in 
 their own staff and by professional re- which their stories appear according to 
 
 porters. As Shanghai is the commercial proper basis of valuation. 
 centre of China. Shanghai papers give Next to Shanghai, we have another 
 
 more commercial news of China than all city of great journalistic importance, 
 
 the papers in the country combined, namely Peking. Peking is an important 
 
 Most of the papers have specials dealing city, not because of its abundance of 
 
 with economic news, and very often news, but because of its peculiarity of 
 
 learned scholars are employed as finan- being a city of news agencies instead 
 
 vial editors. These financial editors are of newspapers. There are upwards of 
 
 in close and constant touch with the thirty news agencies in Peking, publish- 
 
 leading merchants, bankers, trade com- ing news in Chinese, English, French,
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 91 
 
 Russian and Japanese languages, con- foreigners, they are operated with cer- 
 
 ducted by peoples and organs of differ- tain definite purposes to achieve certain 
 
 ent nationalities, including Chinese, definite objects. Most of them are of- 
 
 American, British, French, Russian and ficial organs of foreign governments, and 
 
 Japanese. It is these news agencies in- some of them are mouthpieces of big 
 stead of newspapers, which are carrying foreign financial interests. Since the 
 on the important function and duty of policy and .purpose of these agencies are 
 getting the news. In fact many of the so diverged one from another, it is not 
 newspapers in Peking do not have any uncommon that the news items issued by 
 reporters of their own to run after news, them are contradictory. Very often, a 
 and whatever they published in the British report about conditions in Rus- 
 morning is just reprinted from what- sia appearing in today's paper has to be 
 ever they have been supplied by the corrected by a Russian version tomor- 
 news agencies the preceding evening, row. Still very often news sent out by 
 Even some of the correspondents of Japanese agencies on U. S.-Japanese re- 
 Shanghai papers at Peking have to de- lations can never be confirmed by Ameri- 
 pend upon these agencies for news, can agencies. With the Chinese agencies 
 which can be secured by regular sub- they even present more interesting phe- 
 scriptions. These reports are generally nomena than the foreign agencies. One 
 issued at 7 or 8 o'clock in the evening agency would send out, sometimes purely 
 and soon after are distributed to various through manufacturing, a report about 
 newspapers, all edited and ready for the unfavorable situation of the political 
 print for next morning's paper. The party, with whose views and policies the 
 subscription list is open to all persons issuing agency can not agree; another 
 who desire to get news one night earlier, agency would publish something con- 
 and as a rule, the subscription list of cerning entirely private affairs of an in- 
 private persons of some of the agencies fluential person in the enemies camp ; and 
 is very long. By this way, the news still another agency would put out in 
 agencies in Peking are taking the place its reports items absolutely untrue and 
 of evening papers, and many of them detrimental to the interests of the op- 
 have built up a reputable standing and position group. Of course, all these 
 hence become very influential. It is al- practices do not appear every day, but 
 most invariably true that these news the agencies certainly take them as their 
 agencies are either run by political par- weapons to defeat people belonging to 
 ties or subsidized by certain political different political belief and faith. 
 figures, and it is therefore also invari- All these news agencies employ a cer- 
 ably true that the news they issue is tain number of news gatherers to get 
 tinged with political color or mixed material for publication. As it has been 
 with personal element. Such being the said above, it is very seldom that the re- 
 case, it is therefore rather hard for news- porters can get news through regular 
 paper editors, if they want to use the way of release, the news agency report- 
 service of these agencies, to distinguish ers in Peking have to resort to some 
 between a real story and a yellow infor- other ways than regular. Generally these 
 mation. to trace dividing lines of politi- reporters are alert and always on the 
 cal and personal interests, and to select job, and the way they get their news is 
 the right ones for publication. In case through making friends with govern- 
 of foreign news agencies, that is, news ment employees, visiting parks, tea 
 agencies supported and conducted by houses, theatres, and restaurants, and
 
 92 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 frequenting other amusement places 
 where the government employees go dur- 
 ing their leisure hours. Through con- 
 versations with others and through hear- 
 ing others' conversations, these report- 
 ers usually get good stories about what 
 is going on in and around Peking, so- 
 cially as well as politically; and whoever 
 secures the greatest number of friends 
 and whoever secures the greatest number 
 of stories, he will be the most successful 
 reporter in the long run. Such is the 
 fascinating life of news agency reporters 
 in Peking, and such a fascinating life is 
 probably unequaled anywhere else in 
 the world. 
 
 With regard to the foreign journalists 
 in China, be they news agency reporters 
 or be they specially sent correspondents 
 of some big and influential papers of for- 
 eign countries, the number of the latter 
 case is. by the way, very limited, their 
 life is an entirely different one. Their 
 usual way of getting news is through di- 
 rect calls on the people from whom they 
 want to get something and through cor- 
 respondence with people from whom 
 they are anxious to learn something. It 
 is very strange to say that Chinese of- 
 ficials and authorities are very willing to 
 grant interviews to foreign newspaper- 
 men, and to answer the questions put to 
 them by the foreign correspondents, 
 though such interviews are as a rule very 
 formal and uninteresting, and though 
 such answers given are generally too in- 
 direct and not to the point. To an expert 
 foreign correspondent, who has been in 
 I 1) ina for many years, such interviews 
 and answers would not be regarded as 
 good and fit for print, until he puts a lot 
 of finishing touches to them by his 
 knowledge of Chinese people and Chi- 
 nese affairs; but an inexperienced one. 
 who just came over, is liable to use them 
 as they have been given to him, possibly 
 coupled with wrong interpretations of his 
 own. It is through this latter case that 
 
 many a time misunderstanding about 
 China and Chinese affairs would arise, 
 and it is therefore sincerely hoped that 
 no foreign newspaper would send any 
 correspondent over to China, unless it is 
 assured that he is fully equipped with a 
 knowledge about China and thus fully 
 qualified. 
 
 Now just a word or two about sending 
 Chinese news abroad and getting for- 
 eign news into China. Both of these 
 services are at present in the hands of 
 foreigners. News about China is being 
 dispatched to foreign lands by tele- 
 graphic lines, submarine cables, or wire- 
 less transmission. Most of the materials 
 are taken from the interviews and corre- 
 spondence acquired through the manner 
 as above described, and the rest of them 
 are secured through translations from 
 Chinese papers. They are usually mis- 
 leading and full of misinterpretations. 
 < >n the other hand, news about foreign 
 countries generally comes through the 
 offices of foreign news agencies. Only 
 a few Chinese papers have their own 
 correspondents abroad, though many of 
 the students studying in foreign coun- 
 tries, including girls, have been con- 
 tracted with to dispatch news home by 
 some of the papers. 
 
 Practically a hundred per cent of the 
 Chinese papers take in foreign news 
 items and publish them as they are sup- 
 plied by the responsible foreign news 
 agencies. Sometimes home correspon- 
 dence appearing in foreign newspapers 
 in China is also translated by the 
 vernacular papers for publication. In 
 both cases, the news thus published is 
 not of the first hand value, and generally 
 not the kind of news tit for Chinese 
 readers. It is therefore strongly urged 
 that neither newspapers of foreign coun- 
 tries nor Chinese newspapers at home 
 should feel satisfied with the foreign 
 news service which they are getting and 
 both of them should send out corre-
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 93 
 
 spondents of their own to get whatever 
 news they want, which can be taken by 
 the readers as trustworthy and reliable. 
 Such is a brief survey of news service 
 in China, and the conditions as now pre- 
 vailing arc certainly unsatisfactory and 
 inefficient. We want improvement and 
 progress, and we want to better these 
 conditions. We are only hoping now 
 that the cable rate, which the Press Con- 
 gress of the World has been energetically 
 discussing, will be eventually reduced, 
 so that newspapers of China and of for- 
 eign countries can afford to send corre- 
 spondents to do some real correspon- 
 dence work between China and other 
 countries, which is so badly needed, and 
 we are also hoping now that an inter- 
 national news agency, properly managed 
 and conducted with honest and straight 
 purposes, which the Pan-Pacific Press 
 
 Congress is trying to realize, will be 
 realized in the near future, so that coun- 
 tries, at least countries bordering on the 
 Pacific Ocean, can be better acquainted 
 one with another, and the news service 
 between them can be better handled. 
 These are what modern journalists in 
 China are looking for from the Press 
 Congress of the World, and particularly 
 from the Pan-Pacific Press Congress. 
 We have only a handful of journalists 
 in China who deserve to be called as 
 journalists, and unless the journalists of 
 the world, particularly Pan-Pacific jour- 
 nalists, will be willing to help and as- 
 sist us, we can not expect to remedy the 
 present journalistic condition in China, 
 which is so undeveloped and behind time. 
 in a short time. Will the journalists of 
 the world, and of the Pan-Pacific coun- 
 tries help and assist us ?
 
 "4 
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 Closing Words to the Pan-Pacific Press Conference 
 
 By Alexander Hume Pord 
 Pi rector Pan-Pacific Union 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Union stands for 
 service. Honolulu is the service station 
 of the Pacific. Here I have met at one 
 time at the Conference table the pre- 
 miers of three Pacific countries and this 
 not by meditation, but by the accident 
 of the arrival of their steamers the 
 same day from three different Pacific 
 countries. This would not be likely to 
 happen anywhere else, and it is because 
 of such frequent happenings, bringing 
 together in Honolulu the leading men 
 of thought and action from different 
 Pacific countries, that this city was 
 selected a dozen years ago at the First 
 Pan-Pacific Convention, as the meeting 
 place for future Pan-Pacific Confer- 
 ences. 
 
 The Pan-Pacific Union is calling a 
 series of Conferences of the leading- 
 men in all lines of thought and action 
 in the Pacific. It realizes that without 
 the cooperation and thought of the 
 press it is powerless to go forward. 
 The press of the Pacific is today the 
 greatest educational force and the great- 
 est force for moral uplift in the whole 
 world. 
 
 In some of our Pacific lands the 
 newspapers pride themselves upon the 
 fact that they disseminate the truth, 
 that no interview is printed until it has 
 the approval of the man interviewed. 
 The truthfulness of these papers in 
 local matters is astonishing, especially 
 to the American, but when these same 
 papers speak of other countries of the 
 Pacific it is impossible for them to 
 verify their information. They publish 
 what is sent to them and copy from 
 
 foreign journals, and, alas, all is not 
 well. 
 
 Men wish to do that which is right, 
 and if it is not too difficult they will do 
 the right thing always. It seems to me, 
 therefore, that it is the duty of this 
 body to make it easy for the journalists 
 of the Pacific to learn the truth about 
 one another's countries, especially the 
 pleasant, uplifting and encouraging 
 truths. 
 
 You have accepted by resolution the 
 services of the Pan-Pacific Union and I 
 feel that its chief object should now 
 be to aid in disseminating among all 
 countries of the Pacific the truth about 
 the conditions concerning each and the 
 actual modes of living and being of 
 their peoples. If we can establish here 
 at the ocean crossroads a clearing house 
 of accurate information; if from this 
 central station we can send in every 
 direction the cable and wireless items 
 that are dropped here, it will be splen- 
 did for Pacific journalism. I believe 
 that here in Honolulu men of experi- 
 ence in press matters would know best 
 as to the items of news that each Pa- 
 cific country would wish flashed for- 
 ward to it and if the Pan-Pacific Union 
 can serve in establishing such a central 
 news gathering and disseminating or- 
 ganization its force is at your disposal 
 in the attempt. All that would be 
 needed to make it a success will be 
 your cooperation. 
 
 It is for the Executive Committee 
 now of the Pan-Pacific Press Confer- 
 ence to cooperate with the Pan-Pacific 
 Union to establish the service that you
 
 FIRST PAN-PACIFIC PRESS CONFERENCE. 
 
 95 
 
 desire and to set the countries and 
 peoples of the Pacific press of the 
 world in their true light. 
 
 The President of the Tress Congress 
 of the World has suggested that a Pan- 
 Pacific School of Journalism he estab- 
 lished here at the ocean crossroads. 
 The Pan-Pacific Union will gladly co- 
 operate with Dean Walter Williams and 
 the journalists of the Pacific who are 
 looking forward to such an inter-racial 
 journalistic school. 
 
 The proceedings of this Pan-Pacific 
 Press Conference, a hook of about one 
 hundred pages, will be printed and. pub- 
 lished immediately and wc trust that 
 within a week several hundred copies 
 will be on their way to Washington 
 where the Disarmament Conference is 
 about to open its sessions. It has been 
 intimated that the views expressed by 
 the journalists of the Pacific, may have 
 a valuable bearing at this time in Wash- 
 ington. 
 
 It may be that an informal conference 
 of the press men of the Pacific will be 
 held in Washington, as there will be a 
 quorum of the Trustees of the Pan- 
 Pacific Union in that city during the 
 Disarmament Conference. It has been 
 suggested that at the Pan-Pacific Com- 
 mercial Conference, to be held in Hono- 
 lulu next September, that there be a 
 section composed of the owners of 
 newspapers and publications in Pacific 
 lands. This matter will be taken up 
 and duly considered. If, as it is hoped, 
 the President of the United States will 
 be with us in Hawaii next September, 
 it may be possible that an informal 
 conference of presidents and premiers 
 
 of Pacific lands may be brought about 
 in which case it may be well to hold 
 a second Pan-Pacific Press Conference 
 as the leading newspaper men of the 
 Pacific would undoubtedly visit Hono- 
 lulu on that occasion. 
 
 The Pan- Pacific Union is seeking to 
 get the leading men of all lines of 
 thought and action in Pacific lands in 
 personal touch with one another. We 
 have brought together the leading 
 scientists of the Pacific and they are 
 well organized in a body that will carry 
 on and meet again. The same is true 
 of the educators and now also of the 
 press men of the Pacific. Next will be 
 the gathering of the leading business 
 giants of Pacific lands. There was once 
 a saying among business men that there 
 is no friendship in business, but this is 
 no longer a truism. The Pan-Pacific 
 Union holds that there should be no 
 business but friendship, and this will 
 come true. 
 
 I cannot but be grateful for the kind- 
 ly expressions that some of the speak- 
 ers have voiced concerning my personal 
 part in the work of the Pan-Pacific 
 Union. I am grateful because it has 
 made me certain that you go back to 
 your homes in perfect assurance that 
 whatever the Pan-Pacific Union can do 
 to serve you between your meetings, 
 to aid you in making a permanent suc- 
 cess of your Pan-Pacific Congress body 
 that it will do. We have asked for 
 your cooperation and you have accepted 
 ours. In whatever manner you wish us 
 to be of service to you it is but for 
 you to call upon us and I trust you will 
 call upon us for we are here to serve.
 
 HONOLULU STAR-BULLETIN, LTD.
 
 HR
 
 ■ ■. : ' . 
 
 y 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-LOS ANG 
 
 L 007 772 
 
 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL ^B^RY f AC' 1 - 
 
 AA 000 423 464 7 
 
 ■ 
 
 *S 
 
 im
 
 Y 
 
 w. 
 
 m 
 
 >- 
 
 h 
 
 L 
 
 w 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 s 
 
 M*