3Sg *i SKi >v ^M .v^^ / - LIBRARY OF JOHN GALEN HOWARD GIFT OF -rv I-i^^.rt.fcit ,%^^^^^^?;^ :l ^* THE HEATING & VENTILATING OF BUILDINGS B. F. STURTEVANT COMPANY HYDE PARK, BOSTON MASSACHUSETTS AND ALL PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE WORLD TV 'W Heating and Ventilating of Factories and Railway Buildings Heating and Ventilation for Factories A HEATING SYSTEM which also ventilates your factory will bring you the greatest returns. The Sturtevant System provides fresh outdoor air which is heated and then forced by a fan to every corner of the building. Good ventilation so abundantly supplied means increased output to you and health to your employees. Direct radiation systems either provide no ventilation at all or are used in connection with separate ventilation systems dependent upon weather and atmospheric conditions. The Sturtevant System is always positive in action and independent of the weather. In this indirect system only one-fifth to one-third as much heating surface is needed as in direct radiation systems. All the heating surface of the Sturtevant apparatus is centralized in a single unit and contained in a fire-proof jacket. There is no chance of frozen pipes or of racketing water-hammer throughout the building. One operating engineer has the control of the entire system. The Sturtevant System will heat your factory the quickest on a winter's morning. In summer it will cool your shop and supply abundant air for your workmen. You can get Sturtevant quality only by using Sturtevant apparatus. The difference in price is a difference in quality. Typical installation of Sturtevant Fan and Heater, engine-driven Midvale Steel Co., Nicetown, Pa. THE duct system used for heating the Ordnance Machine Shop No. 4 of the Midvale Steel Co. of Nicetown, Pa., is very simple and efficient. A galvanized iron duct that shows very plainly in the photograph is carried entirely around the inside walls of the building, delivering air at intervals through short spouts directed downward and toward the centre of the shop. The part of the shop near the walls naturally the coldest is thus well heated. The machine shop has a content of about 5,250,000 cubic feet. The four apparatuses heat this to a temperature of 65 degrees in zero weather with a thirty-minute air change. The building is heated on a recirculation basis. Steam at from 2 to 5 pounds is used in the heaters. Each of the four apparatuses has an 8 by 4 foot fan in a three-quarter steel plate housing, up-blast discharge. Each fan is direct connected to a Sturtevant 8 by 12 steam-engine. The heaters con- tain 2,510 square feet of radiating surface each, and are built on ten four-row, five-foot heater bases, and jacketed in the usual manner so that the air is drawn through the heater. The four apparatuses are set in the corners of the building on the floor, and discharge into the galvanized duct above. Interior of Ordnance Machine Shop No. 4, Midvale Steel Co. Showing distributing pipes suspended from girders discharging downward Ejcterior, Ordnance Machine Shop No. 4, Midvale Steel Co. Interior and description of heating and ventilating apparatus on previous pages Apparatus, Ordnance Machine Shop No. 4, Midvale Steel Co. Shows heater, engine-driven fan, and starting of hot-air ducts Phelps Publishing Company, Springfield, Mass. IMS y^fsgtea Peerless Motor Car Co. Showing engine-driven apparatus Peerless Motor Car Co. Showing fan discharging into underground concrete duct This duct distributes air to flues rising in the walls of the building a N r [t -'" -jj x Peerless Motor Car Co. Showing chain drive This shows three-quarter housing fan discharging into an underground distributing duct Heating and Humidifying in Textile Mills \ V 7HERE buildings are of open construction, such as textile mills where every floor is practically yy one room, the standpipe method of distribution is often used. The drawing on the opposite page illustrates this method plainly. In this particular installation, in the weave shed of the Burgess Mills, Pawtucket, R.I., there is only one floor to be heated, but in buildings of several stories a similar arrange- ment is applicable. The fan, located in the basement and drawing air from the heater, discharges it vertically upward into a short flue or standpipe which extends into the room above. At a height of about ten feet from the floor the air is distributed horizontally in all directions through short pipes as shown in the drawing. Located in the centre of a space to be heated, this system minimizes the cost of installation, as considerable galvanized iron piping and special duct construction, necessary in other arrangements, are eliminated. It is essential for the highest economy in textile mills that the air shall be moist. It is well known that the effect of dry air is to cause a change of several numbers in the yarn and as much as three per cent, in weight, weakening the yarn and causing it to snap and break, while the quality and width of woven goods is noticeably affected. With a moist atmosphere these difficulties are not encountered. Owing to the fact that with the Sturtevant system air may be moistened, the condition of the atmosphere in a mill is always the same and may be controlled without regard to external conditions. The percentage of moisture in the air can be closely regulated to obtain the most economical operation of the mill and the most comfortable working conditions. q N J C ii. Weave Shed, Burgess Mills, Pawtucket, R.I. Showing standpipe method of distribution N H Burgess Mills, Pawtucket, R.I. THE Burgess Mills consist of two main buildings: the spinning mill which is three stories in height, and the weave shed which is a single story. The spinning mill is 467 by 101 feet and has a total content of about 2,240,000 cubic feet. The weave shed is 318 feet long by 250 feet wide and has a total content, exclusive of the basement, of 1,431,000 cubic feet. The apparatus heating the spinning mill consists of an 11 by 5^ foot fan wheel in a three-quarter housing, driven direct connected by a 10 by 12 Sturtevant horizontal steam engine. The heater con- tains 5,100 square feet of heating surface built in a double group on 12 four-row mitre type sections, jacketed so that air is drawn through by the fan. The outside section of each group receives the exhaust steam from the engine while the other coils are heated with hot water which is circulated by means of a centrifugal pump. The fan discharges air into a duct in the basement, which runs the length of the building and from which flues, concealed in the wall of the mill, carry the air to the various floors. There are two apparatuses heating the weave shed. These are located in the basement and deliver air through standpipes as described on a previous page. The fans are 6 by 3^ foot wheels in three- quarter steel plate housings and are driven by direct connected Sturtevant 6 by 9 horizontal steam engines. The heaters are built on six four-row mitre sections containing 1,875 square feet each. The outside section of each heater receives exhaust steam from the engine while hot water is circulated through the rest of the coils. Burgess Mills, Pawtucket, R.I. Spinning Mill and Weave Shed heated by Sturtevant apparatus. Sturtevant forced draft apparatus in boiler room United States Navy Yard, Brooklyn, N.Y. TWO of the four apparatuses heating the machine shops at the United States Navy Yard at Brooklyn, N.Y., are shown on the opposite page. These apparatuses, as can be seen in the illustrations, are mounted upon special platforms hung from the roof trusses of the building. The air ducts are run through the trusses, distributing the heated air to every corner of the shop. Such an arrangement as this shows how the Sturtevant apparatus may be placed out of the way. The fans used in these apparatuses are of special construction. Three 4^-foot blast wheels, each in a special housing with a top horizontal discharge, are mounted on the same shaft. The fans are driven by direct connected alternating current motors. The heaters contain 2,510 square feet of heating sur- face each, built on 5 by 6 foot sections, and arranged in a special heater jacket so that the air is blown through the heater. In a factory installation such as this the space per person is so large that the need of ventilation is not so important as in a mill where hundreds are working in the same room. Therefore, a great saving of heat may be effected by the recirculation of the air of the shop through the heating system. Heating apparatus, Machine Shop, Brooklyn Navy Yard This shows how apparatus may be hung from the roof girders, thereby taking no floor space Ml Exterior. Machine Shop, Brooklyn Navy Yard MR " ! ' . ' ' ! P Detroit Steel Products Co., Detroit, Mich. This is a typical steel and glass construction building, heated and ventilated by Sturtevant Multivane Fan and Heater N \ Lorain Steel Co., Johnstown, Pa. THE plan of the Bending and Cold Saw building of the Lorain Steel Co. which is shown here indicates the position of the heating apparatus and the arrangement of the hot-air flues. The apparatus is centrally located at one end of the shop, discharging air into a duct system above, which divides into two branches, as is indicated on the plan of the shop. This system illustrates how a certain class of one-story buildings may be heated by a very simple duct system. Although, as the illustration shows, there are two roofs to this building, the interior is practically one room. The galvanized iron heating ducts are carried by the roof trusses of the build- ing, discharging the hot air into the shop through short spouts. The fan is a 9j/ by 4^ foot blast wheel in a three-quarter steel plate housing with an up-blast dis- charge. The fan is driven by a direct connected 9 by 12 Sturtevant horizontal steam-engine. The heater contains 4,254 square feet of heating surface, built on twelve four-row, six-foot heater bases, and set in a double group, jacketed so that the air is drawn through the heater by the fan. 1 ^ . 5? / Hr ^ if.* ' "l "'" 1 1 Lorain Steel Co., Johnstown, Pa. Showing plan view of overhead galvanized iron heating ducts Exterior, Lorain Steel Co., Johnstown. Pa. n Mi M Apparatus, Lorain Steel Co., Johnstown, Pa. r Union Metallic Cartridge Co., Bridgeport, Conn. L. Adler Bros., clothing manufacturers, Rochester, N.Y. This shows another building of steel and glass construction heated and ventilated by Sturtevant apparatus Lee McLachlan Hat Co., Danbury, Conn. This building is not only heated and ventilated by Sturtevant apparatus, but our fans are used for drying and forming hats and removing steam. Sturtevant induced draft apparatus in power house P Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Co., Providence, R.I, Pierce Arrow Motor Car Co., Buffalo, N.Y. THE illustration opposite shows very plainly the construction of the Sturtevant standard heater. This particular heater is in the Storage Building of the Pierce Arrow Motor Car Co. at Buffalo, N.Y. It consists of 4,818 square feet of heating surface, and is arranged in a double group. The pipe used in Sturtevant heaters is especially made for us of extra weight, so as to make it possible to use a full thread on the joints without sacrificing strength. These pipes are screwed into sectional heater bases of cast iron, built for two or four rows of staggered pipes. Steam enters one end of the heater base from the steam header, passes up through the pipes on one side and down on the other, where the water of condensation is drawn off through the header on the end. The bases and headers are divided to provide an entrance and exit for the steam. The heater is drained through steam-traps. When the fan is driven by a steam-engine, the exhaust steam is used in the heater, thus eliminating the cost of running the engine. Apparatus in another of the buildings of this plant heats 2,700,000 cubic feet of space. The fan used is a number 20 Sturtevant Multivane exhauster in a seven-eighths steel plate housing. The fan is driven by a direct connected Sturtevant 1 \]/2 by 16 horizontal steam-engine. The heater contains 8,064 square feet of heating surface, and is built in three groups. This heater will maintain a temperature of 70 degrees throughout the building with the thermometer at 20 degrees below zero. ytiim One double heater in Pierce Arrow Motor Car Co. Described on opposite page One of the buildings of the Pierce Arrow Motor Car Co., Buffalo, N.Y. All recent buildings heated and ventilated by Sturtevant apparatus. Sturtevant fuel economizers and mechanical draft used in power house One of the heaters in Pierce Arrow Motor Car Co. Showing fan and engine being installed United Shoe Machinery Company, Beverly, Mass. Heated and ventilated by Sturtevant apparatus. Sturtevant fuel economizers and mechanical draft used in power house Sturtevant planing mill exhaust fans used in dust-collecting system rf$K J C Thomas G. Plant Co., Boston, Mass., manufacturers of ladies' shoes New York Shipbuilding Co., Camden, N.J. THE machine shop of the New York Shipbuilding Co. of Camden, N.J., is built with a two-story gallery on either side, as shown in the photograph. The method employed in the heating of such a building is to throw air into the galleries on both sides and allow it to diffuse throughout the rest of the building. The position of the ducts is very plainly shown. Four galvanized iron ducts run lengthwise of the building and are supplied with hot air from fans and heaters situated on raised platforms half- way between the first and second floors. These ducts discharge downward to the lower floor and upward to the upper floor. Four sets of apparatus are used for the heating of this building, two being placed each side of the shop. The fans are special 8^ by 4 foot blast wheels in full steel housings, three-quarters above the platform floor. Each fan is driven direct connected by a Sturtevant 8 by 12 steam-engine, receiving steam at 80 pounds. Each of the heaters has an actual capacity of 2,5 10 square feet of heating surface, built on ten four-row, five-foot sections, six feet high. Each heater is jacketed in a special steel plate heater jacket, and so arranged that the air is drawn through the heater. J C Interior, New York Shipbuilding Co., Camden, N.J. This shows heater fan discharging in two directions -., ........ ,-,..-,.. . . ""j^j^. ,,:', "-,-; - : -,-:'- , ' .- r - ....-^ -. .. , : j u F=l Exterior, New York Shipbuilding Co., Camden, N.J P H Apparatus of the Diebold Safe and Lock Co., Canton, Ohio Heating and Ventilation in Railroad Work THE Sturtevant system has always been the standard for railroad work. It fills the demand for an economical system that is reliable, efficient, and durable. The following pages show a few of the variety of applications of the Sturtevant system to railroad work. For the heating of roundhouses the Sturtevant system is particularly valuable. Although we mention but two roundhouses in this book, practically every railroad in the United States and Canada uses this system in its roundhouses. In paint shops the drying effect of the hot-blast system gives it precedence over other systems of heating. The saving in time alone, due to the abundant supply of warm dry air, would recom- mend it in preference to other systems. In railroad shops, where all processes and apparatus must be of the most efficient, the Sturtevant system is universally used. The heating of large car and erecting shops can be done the most eco- nomically by this hot-blast system. Only from one-third to one-fifth as much radiating surface is required as with the ordinary direct radiation system. Sturtevant apparatus has the approval of railroads and car builders because with Sturtevant apparatus they are assured Sturtevant quality. New York Terminal, Pennsylvania Railroad Thirty-six Multivane fans used in heating and ventilating system ^ih i (0 Louisville & Nashville Railroad, South Louisville, Ky. THE Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company control and operate over seven thousand miles of track in a territory extending from Ohio to the Gulf of Mexico. The railroad shops of this com- pany located at South Louisville are heated by Sturtevant apparatus in connection with the Webster Vacuum System. The iron and brass foundry is heated by two sets of Sturtevant apparatus, one set consisting of a 6 by 9 foot steel plate fan, belt driven by a Sturtevant MP-4 motor. The heater contains 1 ,418 square feet of heating surface, and is jacketed in connection with the fan which draws the air through the heater. The other fan is a 7 by 10^ foot steel plate exhauster, motor driven. The heater contains 1,606 square feet of heating surface. It will be noticed that this fan is provided with a special steel plate housing with a double discharge. The picture shows how the air is distributed from the main duct by a series of galvanized steel pipes which discharge into the main room and under the gallery. A similar apparatus heats the other end of the building. This building contains about 1 ,762,000 cubic feet, and the apparatus installed maintains a temperature of 55 degrees in the severest weather. In summer the apparatus provides a system of forced ventila- tion. The apparatus is so arranged that the air may either be recirculated or so that fresh air may be used. The apparatus in the Boiler Erecting and Machine Shop is so arranged that there are two fans in each end of the building, making four sets in all. These are 9J^ by 4J/2 foot steel plate exhausters in three- quarter steel plate housings, driven direct connected by 9 by 12 horizontal Sturtevant steam-engines. The heaters contain 2,647 square feet each, and are jacketed for the air to be drawn through. Interior of the Iron and Brass Foundry of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. The apparatus of the General Stores Building is arranged to meet varying requirements of service. The third floor of this building is occupied by offices, the first two by storerooms. In winter the offices are partly heated by direct radiation, being supplemented by the Sturtevant hot-blast system, which heats the storage rooms and which provides a twenty-minute change of air in the offices. In summer all the air from the fan is used to ventilate the offices, after it has been cleaned and cooled by an air washer. The fan is a 5J^ by 8J4 foot steel plate exhauster, belted to a Sturtevant motor. The heater contains 880 square feet of heating surface. The air for heating the paint and tender shops is drawn through an air washer to remove dust and dirt. Special care was taken to provide large air ducts in the paint shop, so that the entering air would not stir up dust. The use of a blower system in a paint shop increases the rapidity with which the paint and varnish dry. The problem of supplying heated air for ventilation and heating purposes in the planing mill is one requiring special attention, as in such buildings more air must be supplied than is exhausted by the plan- ing mill exhausters, so that there may be no inward drafts and so that an equable temperature may be maintained. The planing mill contains about 920,000 cubic feet and is provided with two sets of apparatus. The fans are 5}/ by 8J4 foot steel plate blowers with bottom horizontal discharge and with special casings. These fans are driven direct connected by 5 by l l /% Sturtevant steam fan engine. Each heater contains 2,264 square feet of radiating surface, built on eight four-row and two two-row, five-foot sections. Each heater is arranged in a double group, and jacketed so that the air is blown through the heater by the fan. K_ a Exterior, Iron and Brass Foundry, Louisville & Nashville Railroad Shops, South Louisville, Ky. Exterior, Boiler Erecting and Machine Shop Louisville & Nashville Railroad Shops, South Louisville, Ky. if (|giii 11 H 111; Exterior, General Stores, Coach and Paint Shop Louisville & Nashville Railroad Shops, South Louisville, Ky. Heating of Railroad Roundhouses FOR heating roundhouses the Sturtevant system is especially efficient. The abundance of warm air supplied directly to the engine pits melts the accumulation of ice and snow which gathers on the running gear of locomotives and carries away the moisture. This drying action is possible because of the positive circulation of warm dry air through the building. The installation at the Terminal Railroad Association roundhouse at East St. Louis is representa- tive of the arrangement generally adhered to in the heating of roundhouses by the Sturtevant system. On the opposite page is shown a plan of this particular roundhouse with the heating ducts indicated. The fan blows directly into an underground concrete duct, which follows the contour of the building and from which tile ducts convey the air to the engine pits. On the following pages are illustrations of the fifty-eight-stall roundhouse of the Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co., Fulton, 111. This is the largest roundhouse in the world, built in the form of a complete circle and with a diameter of 483 feet. The fans for this heating system are two 13-foot steel plate exhausters. The heaters contain 6,979 square feet of heating surface. Terminal Railroad Association Roundhouse, St. Louis Plan view. Showing underground concrete and tile ducts discharging directly into engine pits ifffifj Fifty-eight-stall Roundhouse Chicago & Northwestern Railroad Co., Fulton, 111. ! Heating apparatus in Roundhouse Chicago & Northwestern Railroad Co., Fulton, 111. H M P M n New York, Ontario & Western Railroad, Middletown, N.Y. THE paint shop of the New York, Ontario & Western Railroad at Middletown, N.Y., is about 320 by 67 feet, and contains three tracks running nearly its entire length. At one end there are several small rooms for upholstering, wash-rooms, and offices. The total content of the building is 826,672 cubic feet, and the heating apparatus provides an eighteen-minute change of air. The apparatus is located in a small building adjoining the main shop. The fan discharges into an underground concrete duct, which leads directly across the centre of the building. At right angles on either side four tile ducts run the length of the building, with Y branches at frequent intervals into which galvanized risers are fastened. These risers project a slight way above the floor of the shop, discharging the heated air into the shop as is shown in the illustration. The apparatus consists of an 8 by 4 foot steel plate exhauster in a three-quarter steel plate housing with a bottom horizontal discharge. This fan is driven direct connected by an 8 by 12 horizontal side crank engine. The heater contains 2,510 square feet of heating surface, built on ten four-row, five-foot sections. The heater is jacketed in a double group in such a way that air is drawn through it by the fan. The necessity of an efficient heating system in a paint shop is evident. The drying action of the hot air facilitates the work and cuts down very materially the time necessary to dry painted cars. Interior, Paint Shop, New York, Ontario & Western Railroad Co. Showing method of distributing warm air near floor $ Osgood Bradley Car Co., Worcester, Mass. REPRODUCED here is a drawing of part of the Forge and Truck Shop, the Erecting Shop, the Planing Mill, and the Cabinet Shop of the Osgood Bradley Car Co., which are heated by three apparatuses of Sturtevant make. The building averages a length of 490 feet and a width of 295 feet with an extreme clean height of 40 feet. The apparatuses consist of fan, engine, and two heaters each, and are located in specially constructed fan houses adjoining the building. The air for heating is recirculated from the shops. Two warm-air ducts run the entire length of the building just below the roof trusses, and are sup- plied with air from the fans by cross ducts. A branch pipe leads from the main duct downward along each of the steel columns supporting the roof, and discharges into the shops. Apparatus No. 1 is arranged so as to handle the heating of the Cabinet Shop, one-half of the Planing Mill, and one-quarter of the Erecting Shop, and consists of a No. 16 Sturtevant Multivane fan with a capacity of 70,000 cubic feet per minute at 160 revolutions per minute. This is direct connected to a 10 by 12 Sturtevant steam-engine. The two heaters contain 1,504 square feet of heating surface, built on four-row six-foot bases. Apparatus No. 2 is practically a duplicate of apparatus No. 1 , heating one-half of the Planing Mill and one-quarter of the Erection Shops, about 1 ,400,000 cubic feet of space. Drawing on opposite page shows apparatus No. 2. Apparatus No. 3 heats about 2,000,000 cubic feet in the Truck and Erection Shops. The fan is a No. 18 Sturtevant Multivane, capable of 100,000 cubic feet of air per minute at 149 revolutions per minute. Heaters are in two groups, containing 2,008 square feet of heating surface, built on eight four- row, five-foot bases. Buildings of more recent construction are also heated by the Sturtevant system. - f c N f- Osgood-Bradley Car Co., Worcester, Mass. Osgood-Bradley Car Co., Worcester, Mass. West Albany Shops, New York Central 8; Hudson River Railroad This shows glass and steel construction of walls G. C. Kuhlman Car Co., Collingwood, Ohio THE photograph on the opposite page shows one of the apparatuses heating the Finishing and Erect- ing Shops of the G. C. Kuhlman Car Co. It will be noticed that the fan has a double discharge, sup- plying two systems of heating ducts. Placed in the roof this way, the heating apparatus takes up no otherwise valuable room. The system of ducts and discharge pipes is clearly shown by the photograph. The ducts lead along the walls of the building, discharge pipes leaving them vertically and following down the wall to where they discharge into the shop through outlets equipped with hand-operated dampers. There are two sets of apparatus heating this shop. The fan of each set is an 8 by 4 foot blast wheel in a special three-quarter steel plate housing with a double discharge and a special lower quarter housing. The fans are driven by direct connected 8 by 12 Sturtevant horizontal steam-engines. The heaters contain 2,570 square feet of heating surface each, built on eight four-row and two two-row heater bases. The apparatus for the Machine Shop, Forge Shop, and Storage Room is shown on the following page. The fan is a 6 by 3^2 f ot blast wheel in a three-quarter steel plate housing with a special double dis- charge. The fan is driven by a direct connected Sturtevant horizontal side crank engine. The heater contains 1 ,748 square feet of heating surface. ilffi IIP! Interior, G. C. Kuhlman Car Co., Collingwood, Ohio Showing space economized by placing heater on elevated platform >J u)| Exterior, G. C. Kuhlman Car Co., Collingwood, Ohio Showing saw-tooth roof construction Fan and engine, G. C. Kuhlman Car Co., Collingwood, Ohio frW q M PARTIAL LIST OF MANUFACTURING PLANTS AND RAILROAD BUILDINGS HEATED AND VENTILATED BY STURTEVANT APPARATUS In this list of Manufacturing Plants and Railroad Buildings heated and ventilated by Sturtevant Apparatus it is impossible to mention every installation that we have made, and we have, therefore, chosen this partial list as being representative of recent installations. Incomplete as it is, this list will serve to indicate the universal acceptance of Sturtevant Apparatus as a standard for factory heating, and in it will be found the names of well-known firms from every manufacturing district of America. ALABAMA. Indian Head Mills, Cordova. Tuscaloosa Mills. Tuscaloosa. West Point Manufacturing Company. Langdale. ARKANSAS. Fort Smith Wagon Company. Fort Smith. CONNECTICUT. Ansonia Brass & Copper Company, Ansonia. The Ball & Socket Manufacturing Company. Cheshire. Benedict & Burnham Manufacturing Company. Waterbury. The Bristol Company. Waterbury. Brown Cotton Gin Company, New London. Cheney Bros., South Manchester. Coe Brass Company, Ansonia. Coe Brass Company. Torrington. Goodyear Metallic Rubber Shoe Company. Naugatuck. H. P. & E. Day, Seymour. Hendey Machine Company, Torrington. International Silver Company, Bridgeport. Lee-McLachlan Company, Danbury. Locomobile Company. Bridgeport. Manufacturers' Foundry Company, Waterbury. New Haven Pulp and Board Company, New Haven. CONNECTICUT- Continued. Pratt & Whitney Manufacturing Company. Hartford. Traut & Hine Manufacturing Company. New Britain. A. E. Tweedy, Danbury. Underwood Typewriter Company, Hartford. Union Metallic Cartridge Company. Bridgeport. United States Rubber Company Reclaiming Plant. Naugatuck. Veeder Manufacturing Company, Hartford. Waterbury Brass Company, Waterbury. Waterbury Farrell Foundry and Machine Company. Waterbury. DELAWARE. Jos. Bancroft & Sons Company. Rockford. E. I. Dupont Company, Wilmington. J. P. Wright, Newark Centre. GEORGIA. Atlantic & Gulf Mills, Quitman. Eisman Bros.. Atlanta. Fulton Bag & Cotton Mills, Atlanta. Griffen Manufacturing Company, Griffen. ILLINOIS. American Steel & Wire Company, Waukegan. Armour & Company, Chicago. Atlas Leather Company, Caseyville. J I" - ' il -iifjssi r ILLINOIS Continued. E. W. Blatchford Company, Chicago. C. E. Bonner Manufacturing Company, Champaign. H. W. Caldwell & Sons, Chicago. J. L. Clark Manufacturing Company. Rockford. Continental Can Company, Chicago. Elgin National Watch Company, Elgin. Faultless Manufacturing Company. St. Charles. General Roofing Company, Marseilles. Grand Crossing Tack Company, Chicago. Hart, Schaffner & Marx Manufacturing Company, Chicago. Havana American Tobacco Company, Chicago. International Harvester Company, Chicago. Link Belt Company, Chicago. National Tube Company, Kewanee. Oliver Typewriter Company, Woodstock. Reynolds Wire Company, Dixon. Rockford Mitten & Hosiery Company. Rockford. Schwarzschild & Sulzberger, Chicago. Sears, Roebuck & Company, Chicago. Selig Polyscope Company, Chicago. Sullivan Machinery Company. Chicago. Union Iron Works. Decatur. Western Newspaper Union, Chicago. INDIANA. Atlas Engine Works, Indianapolis. Indiana Steel Company, Gary. Lincoln Cotton Mills, Evansville. Pope Motor Car Company, Indianapolis. Reeves & Company, Columbus. M. Rumely Company, La Porte. IOWA. American Wire Cloth Company, Clinton. Bremner Manufacturing Company. Davenport. Interstate Brewing Company, Sioux City. Morley Twine & Machinery Company. Sioux City. Red Jacket Manufacturing Company, Davenport. Voss Bros. Manufacturing Company, Davenport. KANSAS. Hall Lithographing Company, Topeka. KENTUCKY. Belknap Hardware & Manufacturing Company, Louisville. Frankfort Distillery, Frankfort. Houston Stanwood & Gamble Company, Covington. Imperial Tobacco Company, Hopkinsville. MAINE. Bath Iron Works, Ltd., Bath. Eastern Manufacturing Company, South Brewer. Great Northern Paper Company, East Millinocket. Oxford Paper Company, Rumford Falls. Smith Planing Mill Company, Brewer. St. Croix Paper Company, Woodland. MARYLAND. Continental Can Company, Baltimore. Detrick & Harvey Machine Company. Baltimore. MASSACHUSETTS. American Mason Safety Tread Company, Lowell. American Steel & Wire Company, Worcester. Arlington Mills, Lawrence. Dennison Manufacturing Company, South Framingham. W N MASSACHUSETTS Continued. Everett Mills, Lawrence. Cinn fit Company, Cambndgeport. Goodell-Pratt Company, Greenfield. Maverick Mills, Boston. Merrimack Paper Company, Lawrence. Monomac Spinning Company, South Lawrence. Page-Storms Drop Forge Company, Chicopee Junction. Pairpoint Corporation, New Bedford. Phelps Publishing Company, Springfield. Thomas G. Plant Company. Jamaica Plain. Plymouth Cordage Company, Plymouth. Robb-Mumford Boiler Company, South Framingham Reed & Barton, Taunton. United Shoe Machinery Company, Beverly. Wood Worsted Mills, South Lawrence. MICHIGAN. Bissell Carpet Sweeper Company, Grand Rapids Detroit Steel Products Company, Detroit. Lufkin Rule Company. Saginaw. Manistee Iron Works. Manistee. Michigan Carton Company, Battle Creek. Oliver Machinery Company, Grand Rapids. Prescott Company, Menominee. MINNESOTA. American Hoist & Derrick Company, St. Paul. National Wooden Ware Company, Hill City. Ouellette & Baxter Company, Duluth. Charles A. Stickney Company, St. Paul. MISSOURI. J. Arthur Anderson Laundry, St. Louis. Federal Lead Company, Flat River. Hamilton-Brown Shoe Company, 21st and Locust Sts.. St. Louis. SMIIfllfSP MISSOURI Continued. Home Cotton Mills Company, St. Louis. Loose- Wiles Biscuit Company. Kansas City. Missouri Belting Company. St. Louis. V. Viviano & Bros., St. Louis. MONTANA. Anaconda Copper Mining Company. Anaconda. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. Manchester. Continental Paper Bag Company. Ashland. Faulkner & Colony Manufacturing Company. Keene. The Henry Paper Company, Lincoln. Page Belting Company, Concord. F. B. Pierce, South Keene. NEW JERSEY. American Tobacco Company, Camden. J. L. Mott Iron Works. Trenton. New York Shipbuilding Company, Camden. Riverside Metal Company, Riverside. Sloan & Chase Manufacturing Company, Newark. Taylor Iron & Steel Company, High Bridge. Trenton Brass & Machine Company. Trenton. Victor Talking Machine Company. Camden. NEW YORK. L. Adler Bros. & Company, Rochester. American Laundry Machinery Company. Rochester. John Bene. Brooklyn. Brooklyn Navy Yard. Brooklyn. Brown-Lipe-Chapin Company, Syracuse. Brown-Lipe Gear Company. Syracuse. F. M. Burt Company. Buffalo. D NEW YORK Continued. Carthage Tissue Paper Company, Carthage. The De Laval Separator Company. Poughkeepsie. Eastman Kodak Company. Rochester. Faatz Reynolds Felt Company, Lestershire. Gould Paper Company, Lyons Falls. Ingersoll-Rand Company, Painted Post. Fred Lavenburg. Brooklyn. Milliken Bros.. Mariner Harbor. Moore Bros., Elizabethport. Morse Cham Company, Ithaca. Newbury Manufacturing Company. Monroe. New York Airbrake Company. Syracuse. Paine Terminal, New York City. Pierce Arrow Motor Car Company. Buffalo. Piermont Paper Company, Piermont. Pittsburg Reduction Company, Massena. Rand-McNally & Company, Ossining. Rome Electric Company, Rome. Stevens & Thompson Company, Brooklyn Taylor & Company, Brooklyn. Thompson & Norris Company, Brooklyn. Union Mills, Catskill. Union Mills, Hudson. West Virginia Pulp & Paper Company, Mechanicsv ille NORTH CAROLINA. Imperial Tobacco Company. Durham. New Cotton Mills, Roanoke Rapids. Rosemary Manufacturing Company, Roanoke Rapids. OHIO. American Sheet & Tin Plate Company, Martin's Ferry. American Steel & Wire Company, Cleveland. OHIO- Continued. Carnegie Steel Works, Youngstown. Cincinnati Shaper Company, Cincinnati. Cuyahoga Works, American Steel & Wire Company, Cleveland. Diebold Safe & Lock Company. Canton. Domestic Science Bakery Company. Cincinnati. Federal Waterproofing Company, Akron. Ferdinand Dieckmann, Cincinnati. Ferro Machine & Foundry Company, Cleveland. Franklin Wheel Company, Franklin. The Garford Company, Elyria. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. Akron. Grabler Manufacturing Company. Cleveland. Hall Safe Company, Cincinnati. Irving Drew Shoe Company, Portsmouth. National Cash Register Company, Dayton. National Tube Company, Loraine. Ohio Match Company, Wadsworth. Peerless Motor Car Company, Cleveland. The Ramsfelder Erlick Company, Cincinnati. Reeves Bros. Company, Alliance. Rike-Kumler Company, Dayton. L. Schreiber & Sons, Norwood. Stacey Manufacturing Company, Cincinnati. B. F. Stearns, Cleveland. Thew Automatic Shovel Company, Loraine. Wellman Seaver Morgan Company, Cleveland. Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company, Youngstown. OKLAHOMA. Nelson-Morris Company, Oklahoma City. PENNSYLVANIA. Chester B. Albee Iron Works Company, Allegheny. American Pulley Company, Philadelphia. :> c PENNSYLVANIA -Continued. American Iron & Steel Company, Lebanon. American Sheet & Tin Plate Company, Pittsburgh. American Steel & Wire Company, South Sharon. Armstrong Cork Company, Beaver Falls. Bethlehem Steel Company, South Bethlehem. Cambria Steel Company, Johnstown. Chadwick Engineering Works, Pottstown. Continental Can Company, Cannonsburg. Dent Hardware Company, Fullerton. Henry Disston & Sons. Inc., Philadelphia. Follmer, Clogg & Company, Lancaster. Frick Company, Incorporated, Waynesboro. The E. J. Gardner Axle & Machine Company, Carlisle. H. J. Heinz Company, Allegheny. Keystone Watch Case Company, Philadelphia. Lackawanna Mills, Scranton. Landis Machine Company, Waynesboro. Latrobe Steel Company, Latrobe. League Island Navy Yard, League Island. Light Manufacturing & Foundry Company, Pottstown. The Lorain Steel Company, Johnstown. Midvale Steel Company, Nicetown. J. T. Mosser Company, Newberry. National Tube Company, Pittsburgh. Nelson Valve Company, Philadelphia. Pennsylvania Steel Company, Steelton. Scranton Lace Curtain Company, Scranton. Shelby Tube Company, Ellwood City. S. Morgan Smith Company, York. Union Switch & Signal Company, Swissdale. Westinghouse Air Brake Company, Wilmerding. Wildman Manufacturing Company, Norristown. T. B. Woods Sons Company, Chambersburg. RHODE ISLAND. American Locomotive Company, Providence. Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company, Providence. Burgess Mills, Pawtucket. Hope Webbing Company, Pawtucket. Irons & Russell, Providence. Providence Steel & Castings Company, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. tna Cotton Mills, Union. Brandon Mills, Greenville. Clinton Cotton Mills, Clinton. Drayton Mills, Spartanburg. General Asbestos & Rubber Company, Charleston. Olympia Mills, Columbia. SOUTH DAKOTA. Schwenk-Barth Brewing Company, Wankyon. TENNESSEE. American Bag Company, South Memphis. Southern Skein & Foundry Company, Chattanooga. UTAH. Utah Copper Company, Garfield. VERMONT. Barclay Bros., Barre. Carroll S. Page, Bucks Siding. Ruggles Machine Company, Poultney. VIRGINIA. Augusta Springs Tanning Company, Augusta Springs. Dan River Power & Manufacturing Company, Danville. Imperial Tobacco Company, Danville. Norfolk Navy Yard, Norfolk. West Virginia Pulp & Paper Company, Covington. WASHINGTON. Spokesman Review, Spokane. E WEST VIRGINIA. American Steel & Tin Plate Company, Morgantown. Kilbourn Knitting Company, Martinsburg. Parkersburg Mill Company, Parkersburg. West Virginia Pulp & Paper Company, Piedmont. WISCONSIN. Appleton Coated Paper Company, Appleton. Belle City Manufacturing Company, Racine. Chicago Brass Company, Kenosha. B. D. Eisendrath Tanning Company, Racine. Gisholt Machine Company, Madison. Grandfather Falls Paper Company. Merrill. Kimberly & Clark, Kimberly. Mitchell Motor Car Company, Racine. Paine Lumber Company, Oshkosh. Tomahawk Pulp & Paper Company, Tomahawk. CANADA. Adams Wagon Company Limited, Brantford, Ont. A. A. Allen & Company, Limited, Toronto, Ont. Allis-Chalmers-Bullock, Ltd., Lachine, P. Q. Bredin Bread Company, Ltd., Toronto, Ont. Breithaupt Leather Company, Ltd., Penetang, Ont. Breithaupt Leather Company, Ltd., Berlin, Ont. Brinton Carpet Company, Ltd., Peterboro, Ont. Brompton Falls Pulp & Paper Company, Ltd., Brompton Falls, Ont. Canada Cordage Company, Ltd., Peterboro, Ont. Canada Foundry Company, Ltd., Toronto, Ont. Canada Paint Company, Ltd., Winnipeg, Man. Canadian Copper Company, Copper Cliff, Ont. Cockshutt Plow Company, Brantford, Ont. Colonial Weaving Company, Ltd., Peterboro, Ont. Dominion Bridge Company, Lachine, P. Q. CANADA Continued. Dominion Iron & Steel Company, Cape Breton, N. S. Dominion Radiator Company, Toronto, Ont. Fairbanks Morse Canadian Mfg. Company, Toronto, Ont. Flett-Lowndes Syndicate. Ltd., Toronto, Ont. Frost & Wood Company, Smith Falls, Ont. Gale Manufacturing Company, Ltd., Toronto, Ont. Gartshore Thompson Pipe & Foundry Company, Ltd., Hamilton, Ont. Guelph Winter Fair Buildings, Guelph, Ont. Hamilton Bridge Works Company, Ltd., Hamilton, Ont. Geo. H. Hees Son & Company, Ltd., Toronto, Ont. International Harvester Company, Ltd., Hamilton, Ont. Imperial Steel & Wire Company, Colbraywood, Ont. Langluir Company, Ltd., Toronto, Canada. Massey-Harris Company, Brantford, Ont. McClary Manufacturing Company, Ltd., London, Ont. Montreal Locomotive Works, Ltd., Montreal, P. Q. John Northway & Sons, Toronto, Can. Nerlich & Company, Toronto, Ont. Ottawa Steel Casting Company, Ottawa, Ont. Plymouth Cordage Company, Ltd., Welland, Ont. Poison Iron Works, Ltd., Toronto, Ont. Spanish Pulp & Paper Company, Espanola, Ont. The Wire & Cable Company, Ltd., Montreal, P. Q. Zimmerman Manufacturing Company, Hamilton, Ont. CAR SHOPS AND ROUND HOUSES. CONNECTICUT. Connecticut Co., Car Barns, New Haven. N. Y., N. H. & H. R.R. Co., Round House, Cedar Hill. N. Y., N. H. & H. R.R. Co., Car Barns, Bridgeport. N. Y., N. H. & H. R.R. Co., Shops, Cedar Hill. N. Y.. N. H. & H. R.R. Co., Round House, Waterbury. GEORGIA. Southern Railway Co., Atlanta. Southern Railway Co., GrifTen. IDAHO. Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Ry. Co., Avery. ILLINOIS. C. C. C. & St. Louis Ry. Shops, Mt. Carmel. Chicago & Eastern Illinois Ry. Shop, Danville. Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. Co.. Round House. Galewood. Chicago & North Western Ry. Co., Round House, Fulton. Chicago Ry. Co., Chicago. Chicago Union Traction Co., Shop, Chicago. Illinois Central R.R. Co., Round House, Clinton. Missouri Pacific Ry. Co., Round House, Dupo. Terminal Railroad Association, Round House, East St. Louis. INDIANA. C. C. C. & St. L. Ry. Co.. Round House, Indianapolis. Erie R.R. Co., Round House, Hammond. Haskell, Barker Car Co., Michigan City. Standard Steel Car Co.. Hammond. IOWA. A. T. & S. F. Ry. Co., Round House, Shopton. Chicago & North Western Ry. Co.. Clinton and Mason City. Davenport Locomotive Works, Davenport. KANSAS. A. T. & S. F. Ry. Co.. Round House, Topeka. Missouri, Kansas & Texas R.R. Co.. Shops, Parsons. Missouri Pacific Ry. Co., Round House, Wichita. KENTUCKY. Cincinnati, New Orleans & Texas Pacific Ry. Co., Round House, Ferguson. Louisville & Nashville R.R. Co., Shops, Louisville. MAINE. Bangor & Aroostook R.R. Co., Milo Junction. Maine Central R.R. Co., Shop, Waterville. MARYLAND. Southern Ry. Co.. Round House. Air Line Junction. MASSACHUSETTS. B. & A. R.R. Co., Round House. West Springfield. B. & M. R.R. Co., Shops. Charlestown. N. Y., N. H. & H. R.R. Co.. Shops. Readville. Osgood Bradley Car Co., Greendale. MINNESOTA. Chicago Great Western, Red Wing. Twin City Rapid Transit Co., Minneapolis. MISSOURI. American Car Co., Shops, St. Louis. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R.R. Co., Hannibal. M. R. & B. T. R.R. Co.. Bonne Terre. St. Louis, Iron Mt. & Southern R.R. Co., Crane. MONTANA. Northern Pacific Ry. Co.. Round House, Helena. NEBRASKA. Union Pacific Ry. Co.. Shops. Omaha. NEW HAMPSHIRE. B. &. M. R.R. Co., Round House, Keene. NEW JERSEY. Erie R.R. Co., Round House, Jersey City. Penn. R.R. Co., Shops, Trenton. NEW YORK. American Locomotive Co., Schenectady. Buffalo. Rochester & Pittsburg R.R. Co.. Rochester. C. R.R. of N. J.. Elizabethport. Delaware & Hudson R.R. Co., Watervliet. Erie R.R. Co., Port Jervis. N. Y. C. & H. R. R.R. Co.. Shops, West Albany. N. Y., 0. & W. R.R. Co., Middletown. N. Y., 0. & W. R.R. Co.. Norwich. N. Y. & Stamford Ry. Co., Car Barns, Portchester. NORTH CAROLINA. Atlantic Coast Line Ry. Co., Shops. South Rocky Mount. Southern Ry. Co., Spencer. NORTH DAKOTA. Northern Pacific Ry. Co.. Round House, Dickinson. OHIO. C. H. & D. Ry. Co., Shops. Ivorydale. Columbus Ry. & Lt. Co., Columbus. Hocking Valley Ry. Co., Logan. G. C. Kuhlman Car Co., Collingwood. Wheeling & Lake Erie R.R. Co., Shops, Canton. PENNSYLVANIA. Central Penn. Traction Co., Shops, Harrisburg. Citizens Traction Co., Oil City. Cumberland Valley R.R. Co., Chambersburg. Erie R.R. Co.. Meadville. Philadelphia Rapid Transit Co., Philadelphia. Pittsburgh Railways Co., Pittsburgh. SOUTH DAKOTA. Chicago & North Western Ry. Co., Pierre. TENNESSEE. Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Ry. Co., Nashville. TEXAS. Fort Worth & Denver City Ry. Co., Childress. VIRGINIA. American Locomotive Co., Richmond. Richmond, F. & P. R.R. Co., Richmond. WASHINGTON. Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Ry. Co., Othello. WISCONSIN. Chicago. Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. Co., Roundhouse, Milwaukee. Chicago & North Western Ry. Co., Janesville. CANADA. Canadian Northern R.R. Co. Canadian Pacific R.R. Co. Dominion I. C. R.R. Co. Grand Trunk Pacific R.R. Co. Intercolonial R.R. Co. Montreal Street Ry. Co. Toronto Ry. Co. Heating and Ventilating of School Buildings Bulletin No. 1012 Necessity of Ventilation air we breathe is the life-giver. Taken into the lungs, the oxygen it contains is carried by the blood to all parts of the body where the combustion of the organic tissues takes place. The carbonic acid gas formed by this process is returned to the lungs and there exhaled. If this supply of air entering the lungs is impure, poisonous or insufficient, the vital functions are hindered, inter- rupted or discontinued as the case may be, and the consequence is physical discomfort, illness or, in extreme cases, death. The conditions influencing the relation of air to health have been carefully studied. Data has been accumulated by investigators, and experiments have proved the necessity of proper ventilation in all rooms occupied by one or more persons. The question is one of such great urgency that active legislation in many states and most cities has prescribed laws with regard to ventilation. There is no place where the evil effects of poor ventilation are so readily noticed or the results so far-reaching as in the modern school-house. During his early years the child is easily attacked by pneumonia, catarrh, consumption and other throat and lung diseases that are so readily infectious in a room poorly ventilated. While not always evident in youth, afflictions often come in later life that are caused by the undermining of health during school-days, the time when both mind and body should have been strengthened the most. The most perfect system of ventilation is none too good for the school-house. The extra expense of the best ventilation system is more than warranted by the saving in physicians' fees and freedom from illness. V IM Buildings of Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, architects Methods of Ventilation TWO general methods of ventilation present themselves, natural and mechanical. With the natural method a flue or chimney is utilized to produce the draft necessary. To aid the draft, steam coils or gas jets are often placed at the bases of these flues, heating the air and causing it to move rapidly up the flue. Through vents, opening into these flues from the rooms, the air is drawn and ex- pelled at the top of the flue. The mechanical method provides a fan which forces air into or out of a room through a system of ducts and flues, providing a constant change of air within the room. The advantages of mechanical over the natural methods are evident. In the case of steam-heated flues the heat is mostly wasted, as it serves no useful purpose other than that of moving the air in the flues. The greater efficiency of the fan compared with a heated flue precludes all argument on grounds of economy as, even under conditions most disadvantageous to the fan, it still maintains a considerable advantage over the heated flue in point of heat economy. This economy is shown by the decreased coal bill. The photographs in this book show a few of the many well known school buildings in which Sturtevant apparatus is installed. Mechanical Ventilation THE combination of heating and ventilation by means of a fan, steam heater and system of dis- tributing piping was first applied by the B. F. Sturtevant Company more than fifty years ago, and is therefore rightly known as the Sturtevant System. The System as generally applied, provides for the forcing of warmed air into the rooms to be heated and ventilated, the air performing Palmer. Hall and Hunt, architects and engineers C. H. Johnston, architect for additions State Normal School, Duluth, Minn C. L. Pillsbury. engineer for additions the duty of ventilation and providing the means of conveying heat. The warming, especially in cold weather, is necessary to guard against cold drafts and does not affect the quality of the air. Thus by one apparatus are provided heating and ventilation. The heater in the Sturtevant System is located so that the fan either draws or blows air through the heater or a combination of both. The construction of these heaters is described elsewhere. An air washer, which cleanses the air of dust and impurities, is also placed between the fan and the first heating coil, so that all the air delivered to the school-rooms is fresh and washed. The first heater or tempering coil, as it is called, slightly warms the air before it enters the washer, the second heats the air to be delivered to the school-rooms. Around this second heater there is usually provided a by-pass through which part of the air is forced, the fan thus delivering both hot and tempered air into a divided plenum chamber, or double duct. The supply of air to the various rooms is taken from both hot and tempered air chambers and in such proportions that the final temperature of the mixture and hence the temperature of the room can be regulated as desired. Thus, without affecting the volume of air entering the room, the temperature may be carefully controlled. Thermostatically operated mixing dampers ensure a constant temperature in every room, controlled independently in every room. Distribution to the rooms is accomplished by means of ducts and flues as indicated in the various drawings throughout this book. Registers are placed in the walls about eight feet from the floor, while vent registers, opening into vent flues that carry the vitiated air from the room to the outer air, are also placed in the walls near the floor. An exhaust fan, connected to the vent flues, aids in ridding the rooms of foul air but is not used except when the building is large enough or the system com- plicated enough to require it. V M Plan of Basement, State University of Iowa, Physics Building, Iowa City, la. A Typical Installation ATYPICAL installation of the Sturtevant System in a school building is shown in the drawing on the opposite page. This is a section of a building with the heating and ventilating ducts clearly shown and the path of the air indicated by arrows. The air enters the building from the outside through screened openings that are situated in the basement, hidden in the drawing by the tempering coils, and then passes through two tempering coils and through a by-pass which is located between the coils. The by-pass damper is operated by a pneumatic diaphragm and controlled by the temperature of the building by means of a thermostat. The air is drawn into the fan and blown through a second heater and through a by-pass below this heater into a double duct which is constructed of concrete and laid below the basement floor. The duct is shown in outline on the previous page. Air from this double duct enters flues which are located in the walls of the building and rises in them, entering the various rooms through registers placed in the walls about 8 feet above the floor. These are shown in the sectional view opposite. The vitiated air leaves the room through registers opening into the vent flues which carry the air to the attic, where it is allowed to escape to the atmosphere through ventilators. The double duct contains heated air above and tempered air below. The temperature of the air entering the room is regulated by automatically mixing varying quantities of heated and tempered air at the base of the flue. As previously explained, this mixing is accomplished by means of mixing dampers controlled by pneumatic diaphragms that are regulated by thermostats placed in the rooms themselves. N M m Kiffl Sectional View of State University of Iowa, Physics Building (See opposite page) Hot Blast Heating IT is universally conceded that no school building should be erected without a ventilating fan. Whether or not the fan is used with a hot-blast steam heater is a question to be decided by existing conditions. The best arrangement has been already described, a heater being connected to the outlet and inlet of the fan. Where no provision is made for returning the water of condensation from the heaters to the boiler, the boiler being on the same level so that gravity return is impossible, it is necessary to resort to another arrangement. By placing the heaters in the bases of the heating flues above the boiler level, the air is warmed in passing over them, and the water of condensation can be properly drained from them without the use of a pump to return it to the boiler. While direct radiation in the rooms themselves will provide heat, it does not provide a change of air, and hence a fan must still be employed for ventilation. Moreover, unless the fan is used, an air washer cannot be installed and there is no opportunity to cleanse or moisten the air, as is the most modern practice. With the Sturtevant System are obtained the benefits of heating and ventilation with the added advantage of air-washing apparatus to improve the quality of the air. Fan, motor, heater and air washer are all centrally located where they are under the entire control of one man. Leaking steam pipes and radiators in rooms are eliminated; there is no necessity of opening windows to obtain fresh air. The system is independent of weather and temperature. It is, moreover, possible to heat with much greater rapidity, a school-house that has cooled down over night or the week end. M N N H McKinley Manual Training High School, Washington, D.C. Hornblower and Marshall, architects and engineers p The Importance of the Air Washer ONE of the greatest advances of recent years in apparatus for heating and ventilating, especially in school-houses, is the air washer. With this apparatus, now perfected from its earlier form to a remarkable degree of practicability, it is possible to accurately control the quality of the air. Every one has noticed how refreshing the atmosphere is after a rainstorm, how clear it seems and how clean and wholesome with all the dust washed from it. This is exactly what the air washer does. A miniature artificial rainstorm in the air washer cleans from the air every particle of dust and soluble impurity. Air that enters the building through the windows without passing through the air washer is dusty, and, besides being unhealthful to breathe, it soon makes the furnishings and decorations dingy. Moreover, with an air washer, the dry winter air may be moistened to the proper degree for the most healthful conditions. The Sturtevant System, with its fan, heater and air washer, and taking, as it does, all the air admitted to the building through a single opening, completely controls the quality and the condition of the air. Where the only entrance for air is through the doors and windows of the building, there is no way of washing, moistening, or warming the air. This is one of the great defects in buildings not ventilated by the Sturtevant System. With the Sturtevant System the windows may be tightly closed, excluding drafts and dust. The Sturtevant System, so universally adopted by school authorities, is the best, the most reliable and the most modern. By the addition of the Sturtevant air washer, of which more is said in another place, the Sturtevant System becomes absolutely complete and the most satisfactory. It meets all laws of ventilation, gives ample heat in winter, and can be used effectively for cooling in the hot weather. In the concluding pages of this bulletin will be found a partial list of schools heated and ventilated by Sturtevant apparatus. This list represents only a few installations in a single type of building, but is the best proof that can be offered of the superiority of Sturtevant apparatus. H 3 R J C =r^ Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa. Aiden and Harlow, architects V P Wm. B. Ittncr. architect High School Building, Shelbyville, Ind. H. H. Morriton. Searles and Hirsch, architects and engineers Shaw High School, Cleveland, Ohio M N E. S. Stebbiiu. architect East High School, Minneapolis, Minn. C. L. Pilllbury & Co.. engineers p IH -x u) Chas. A. Smith, architect Westport High School, Kansas City, Mo. J. H. Brady, engineer ON the opposite page will be found a plan of the attic of the Harvard Dental School building. This shows three Sturtevant fans that are used for exhausting the vitiated air from the building. They are placed directly below the roof and discharge vertically upward through it, a pent house with louvered openings covering the outlets of the fans. The inlets of the fans are connected to a system of vent flues and ducts through which the foul air is drawn. A separate system of blowers in the basement of the building supplies fresh air for ventilating pur- poses by means of another system of ducts. There are three supply fans in the basement, two 90-inch Sturtevant steel plate exhausters, direct connected to Sturtevant type H motors having a maximum speed of 200 R.P.M., and one 100-inch Sturtevant steel plate exhauster, direct connected to a Sturtevant type H motor having a maximum speed of 225 R.P.M. In the roof space are three ventilating fans, one 80-inch Sturtevant steel plate exhauster, direct connected to a Sturtevant type H motor having a maximum speed of 280 R.P.M., one 90-inch Sturtevant steel plate exhauster, direct connected to a Sturtevant type H motor, 250 R.P.M. maximum speed, and one 40-inch Sturtevant steel plate exhauster, direct connected to a Sturtevant type H motor with a maximum speed of 600 R.P.M. This last exhauster ventilates the locker and toilet rooms. In addition, for removing fumes and odors from the laboratory and laboratory hood, there are two exhausters of the Sturtevant "Monogram" type with cast iron casings and steel plate fan wheels, direct connected to Sturtevant type B motors. M N N Attic P\an, Harvard Dental School, Boston, Mass. (See opposite page) q N J C 1 Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge. architects Harvard Dental School, Boston, Mass. Oensmore and Le Clear, engineer! H N P H Apparatus in Chemical Laboratory, Adalbert College, Cleveland, Ohio Uniontown High School, Uniontown, Pa. A. P. Cooper, architect i_'7ir^ Palmer. Hall and Hunt, architects Central High School, Duluth, Minn. L. A. Larson, engineer Plan View, Stuyvesant High School, New York City Showing ventilating apparatus and location of ducts H N Interior, Stuyvesant High School, New York City "' ill III III III III ill; C. B. J. Snyder. architect Stuyvesant High School, New York City F. G. McCann. engineer y\ '^\S'^*jr?*=^f&>**=z-&^-n\M n NJ Auditorium, Penn. State College, State College, Pa Garrison School, Rockford, 111 Clinton E. Beery, engineer Apparatus, Garrison School, Rockrord, 111. 9 HI! 1 mi Negaunee High School, Negaunee, Mich. West High School, Cleveland, Ohio Soldan High School, St. Louis, Mo. THE Soldan High School in St. Louis, Mo., is one of the largest and finest in this country. Sturtevant apparatus used in the heating and ventilating system supplies fresh air and removes the vitiated air. Air is supplied by four apparatuses, two Sturtevant fans, 9 feet in diameter by 4J/ it, . :; in i;; 1 I in in m i Rockefeller Building, Cleveland, Ohio Metropolitan Life Insurance Building, New York City Lehman and Schmidt, architects N. Le Brun and Son. architects A. R Wolff. .IIKIiirn ? y Metropolitan Life Insurance Building, NeWjYork City Showing electrically driven Sturtevant fan and duct work P H Bell Telephone Company, Richmond, Va. John B. Stetson Company, Philadelphia, Pa. (Office Building) I John B. Stetson Company, Philadelphia, Pa. Sturtevant fan and H-C1 Engine a N P M H N Railway Exchange Building, St. Louis, Mo. Mauran. Ruucll and Crowcll. .rchitccti II H. Humphrey. =c i : :: r " - - ffl h M \ i m P H PARTIAL LIST OF BUILDINGS IN WHICH STURTEVANT APPARATUS IS INSTALLED. The following list, necessarily incomplete because a complete list would be too long, is impressive evidence of the wide range of adaptability of Sturtevant apparatus and of the Sturtevant System. There are well-known buildings from all parts of the United States and Canada represented here, build- ings you see every day. When you are deciding upon the heating or ventilation of some room or building, look up some of these installations near you. BANKS. CALIFORNIA. First National Bank, Los Angeles. German American Savings Bank, Los Angeles. Union Savings Bank, Los Angeles. Security Savings Bank. Los Angeles. First National Bank, Napa. Union Savings Bank, Oakland. Bank of Yolo, Woodland. Crocker National Bank, San Francisco. National Bank of D. 0. Mills Co., Sacramento. CONNECTICUT. Hartford State Bank, Hartford. First National Bank, Hartford. GEORGIA. American National Bank, Macon. ILLINOIS. People's Bank Building, Bloomington. Commercial Trust Savings Bank, Chicago. Chicago Title & Trust Building, Chicago. West Side Trust & Savings Bank, Chicago. Commercial National Bank, Chicago. ILLINOIS Continued. Continental and Commercial National Bank, Chicago. National City Bank, Ottawa. Ayers National Bank, Jacksonville. INDIANA. Old National Bank, Fort Wayne. American National Bank, Indianapolis. Evansville National Bank, Evansville. IOWA. German Savings Bank, Davenport. Des Moines National Bank, Des Moines. First National Bank, Sioux City. MAINE. Portland National Bank, Portland. MARYLAND. Metropolitan Savings Bank, Baltimore. MASSACHUSETTS. State Street Trust Company, Boston. Commonwealth Trust Company, Boston. Old Colony Trust Company, Boston. NEW YORK Continued. United Bank Building, New York City. Broadway Savings Institution, New York City. Emmigrant Industrial Savings Bank, New York City. Chemical National Bank, New York City. Harriman Bank Building. New York City. National City Bank, New York City. Bank of Montreal (N. Y. Branch), New York City. Importers & Traders National Bank, New York City. Fidelity Trust Company, Rochester. Rochester Trust & Safe Deposit Company. Rochester. Rochester Savings Bank, Rochester. Union Trust Company, Rochester. OHIO. Western German Bank, Cincinnati. Citizens National Bank, Cincinnati. Guardian Savings & Trust Company, Cleveland. First National Bank, Cleveland. Citizens Savings & Trust Company, Cleveland. City National Bank, Dayton. PENNSYLVANIA. First National Bank, Altoona. York Trust Company, York. Pittsburgh Bank for Savings, Pittsburgh. Harrisburg National Bank & Trust Co.. Harrisburg. First National Bank. Nanticoke. Girard Trust Company, Philadelphia. Pennsylvania Company, Philadelphia. TEXAS. Union National Bank, Houston. MASSACHUSETTS Continued. Merchants Bank, Boston. Lee-Higginson & Company, Boston. Provident Institution for Savings, Boston. National Shawmut Bank, Boston. Fourth National Bank, Boston. A. L. Day Banking Rooms, Boston. Boston Safe Deposit Company, Boston. Massachusetts National Bank, Woicester. Merchants Bank, Worcester. Pocassct National Bank. Fall River. Maiden National Bank, Maiden. Chelsea Savings Bank, Chelsea. Newton Trust Company, Newton Center. Chicopee National Bank, Springfield. MINNESOTA. Farmers & Mechanics Savings Bank, Minneapolis. MISSOURI. First National Bank, Kansas City. National Bank of Commerce. Kansas City. New England National Bank, Kansas City. Mechanics American National Bank, St. Louis. Mississippi Valley Trust Company, St. Louis. NEBRASKA. First National Bank. Lincoln. NEW JERSEY. First National Bank. Trenton. NEW YORK. Marine National Bank, Buffalo. Mutual Bank Building. New York City. UTAH. Walker Bank Building. Salt Lake City. VIRGINIA. American National Bank, Richmond. WASHINGTON, D.C. Second National Bank. Columbia National Bank. Bank of Commerce and Savings. National Saving and Trust Company. WISCONSIN. National German American Bank, Wausau. CANADA. Bank of Ottawa, Winnipeg. Royal Bank Building, Winnipeg. Bank of Montreal. Winnipeg. Sovereign Bank Building, Montreal. Ottawa Bank Building, Montreal. Bank of Montreal, Montreal. Eastern Township Bank, Montreal. Hochelaga Bank, Montreal. New Royal Bank Building. Montreal. Bank of Hamilton, Hamilton. Bank of Toronto, Toronto. OFFICE BUILDINGS. CALIFORNIA. Masonic Temple Building. Los Angeles. Times Building, Los Angeles. Van Nuys Building, Los Angeles. West Coast Life Insurance Building, San Francisco. CALIFORNIA Continued. Phelan Building, San Francisco. Pacific Building, San Francisco. Crocker Building, San Francisco. Flood Building, San Francisco. Standard Oil Building, San Francisco. U. S. Post Office Building, San Francisco. CONNECTICUT. Travellers Insurance Company. Hartford. Aetna Insurance Building, Hartford. Underwood Building, Hartford. National Insurance Company, Hartford. Scottish Union Insurance Company, Hartford. Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance, Hartford. Phcenix Insurance Building, Hartford. New Haven Gas Light Company, New Haven. GEORGIA. National Building, Savannah. ILLINOIS. Spiegel May Stern Company, Chicago. Armour & Company, Chicago. Morrice L. Rothschild Building, Chicago. Western Newspaper Union Building, Chicago. McCormick Building, Chicago. Kesner Building, Chicago. Hearst Building, Chicago. City Hall Square Building, Chicago. Hart, Schaffner & Marx, Chicago. Fine Arts Building, Chicago. Telephone Building, Chicago. ILLINOIS Continued. Otis Building, Chicago. Rand McNally Building. Chicago. Crane Building, Chicago. The Hub Henry C. Lytton & Co., Chicago. Elks' Building, Rockford. IOWA. Brammer Building, Davenport. KANSAS. Santa Fe Office Building, Topeka. MAINE. Masonic Building, Portland. N. E. Tel. & Tel. Company, Portland. MARYLAND. Keyser Office Building, Baltimore. Munsey Building, Baltimore. MASSACHUSETTS. Minot Building, Boston. Bigelow Building, Boston. Stock Exchange, Boston. N. E. Tel & Tel. Company, Boston. Employees Liability Association, Boston. International Trust Company, Boston. John Hancock Building, Boston. Mass. Hospital Life Ins. Building, Boston. Fitzgerald & Hubbard, Boston. Hornblower & Weeks, Boston. Albany Building, Boston. United Shoe Machinery Company, Boston. MASSACHUSETTS Continued. New England Trust Company, Boston. Easton Building, Boston. Phelps Publishing Company, Springfield. United Electric Light Company, Springfield. Union Trust Company, Springfield. Slater Building, Worcester. MICHIGAN. South Ward Building, West Bay City. MINNESOTA. Alworth Building, Duluth. Chamber of Commerce Building Annex, Minneapolis. Donaldson Building, Minneapolis. Plymouth Building, Minneapolis. Fire & Marine Insurance Co., St. Paul. MISSOURI. Scarritt Building Annex, Kansas City. Scarritt Building. Kansas City. Cunningham Building, Joplin. Railway Exchange Building, St. Louis. NEBRASKA. Union Pacific Office Building, Omaha. Hoagland Block, Omaha. Woodmen of the World, Omaha. NEW JERSEY. Prudential Building, Newark. Babcock & Wilcox Building, Bayonne. NEW YORK. Mutual Bank Building, New York City. Knoedler Building, New York City. Heidelberg Building, New York City. Aldrich Court Building, New York City. Commercial Cable Building Annex, New York City. Engineering Building, New York City. Fisher Building, New York City. Metropolitan Life Insurance Building, New York City. 60 Wall Street, New York City. Title Guarantee & Trust Company, New York City. Downtown Building, New York City. Consolidated Stock Exchange. New York City. Evening Post Building, New York City. Marbridge Building, New York City. Royal Insurance Building, New York City. Woodbridge Building Annex, New York City. Aeolian Building, New York City. Barclay Building, New York City. Graphic Arts Realty Building, New York City. Rochester German Insurance Company, Rochester. Rochester Railway & Light Co., Rochester. General Electric Company, Schenectady. NORTH CAROLINA. Boyland Building, Raleigh. OHIO. Guardian Trust Company, Cleveland. Rockefeller Building, Cleveland. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, Cleveland. OREGON. Journal Building, Portland. Lipman- Wolfe Building, Portland. Failing Building, Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. Philadelphia Fire Association, Philadelphia. Evening Bulletin Building, Philadelphia. People's Gas Company, Pittsburgh. H. K. Porter Company, Pittsburgh. Swayze Advertising Company, Canton. RHODE ISLAND. Providence Journal Building, Providence. TEXAS. Amicable Life Building, Waco. VIRGINIA. American National Bank, Richmond. First National Bank, Richmond. Life Insurance Company of N.Y., Richmond. WASHINGTON. Masonic Temple, North Yakima. WISCONSIN. Northwestern Life Insurance Building, Milwaukee. WASHINGTON, D.C. Washington Loan & Trust Company. Equitable Building. Munsey Building. Colorado Building. \y krx~_ , CANADA. N. Telegram Building, Toronto. Toronto General Trust Company, Toronto. Consumers' Gas Company, Toronto. Canadian General Electric Company, Toronto. Board of Trade Building. Montreal. Great Western Life Assurance, Winnipeg. Union Trust Company, Winnipeg. J. D. McArthur Building, Winnipeg. Osier Hammof & Nauton Building, Winnipeg. Land Title Building, Regina. Willoughby, Somner Office Building, Saskatoon. STORES. CALIFORNIA. The Emporium, San Francisco. Magnin's Store. San Francisco. Hamburger Department Store, Los Angeles. Marston's Department Store, San Diego. ILLINOIS. Boston Store, Chicago. Sears, Roebuck Company, Chicago. Siegel. Cooper Building, Chicago. Mandel Bros. Department Store, Chicago. INDIANA. W. H. Block, Indianapolis. McKean Department Store, Terre Haute. MAINE. New Boston Store. Portland. MASSACHUSETTS. Gilchrist's New Store, Boston. Siegel's Department Store, Boston. Jordan Marsh Company. Boston. R. H. Stearns Company, Boston. Houghton & Dutton Co., Boston. Wm. Filene Sons Company. Boston. Forbes Wallace Department Store, Springfield. MINNESOTA. Golden Rule Department Store, St. Paul. Minneapolis Dry Goods Corp., Minneapolis. MISSOURI. Schaper Brothers. St. Louis. NEBRASKA. J. L. Brandeis & Sons, Omaha. NEW YORK. Abraham & Straus, Brooklyn. Sibley, Lindsay & Curr Company, Rochester. McCurdy & Norwell, Rochester. Duffy-Powers, Rochester. E. W. Edwards & Son. Rochester. E. W. Edwards Dept Store, Syracuse. John A. Roberts, Utica. Troy Bazaar, Troy. Henry Siegel's 14th St. Store, New York City. Tiffany & Company, New York City. Simpson, Crawford & Simpson. New York City. Siegel, Cooper & Company, New York City. O'Neil Adams Company, New York City. Sterns & Company, New York City. OHIO. The John Meeks Sons Co.. Cleveland. Higbee Store, Cleveland. Wm. Taylor Sons Company, Cleveland. Rike-Kumler Company, Dayton. OREGON. Evans' Store, Klamath Falls. PENNSYLVANIA. A. Simon & Company, Altoona. Lit Brothers, Inc., Philadelphia. Blum Brothers, Philadelphia. Gimbel Brothers. Philadelphia. Allan H. Read Company, Philadelphia. E. Laurent & Sons, Philadelphia. RHODE ISLAND. New Idea Department Store, Pawtucket. TENNESSEE. Knott Dry Goods Company, Nashville. Bry Block Mercantile Co., Memphis. UTAH. Keith O'Brien Dept. Store, Salt Lake City. CANADA. John Murphy Department Store, Montreal. James Ogilvy & Sons, Montreal. T. Eaton & Company, Toronto. Robert Simpson Co., Limited, Toronto. A. A. Allen, Toronto. Rogers Building, Vancouver. THEATRES, HALLS AND AUDITORIUMS. CALIFORNIA. Pomona College Library. Pomona. The Auditorium, Los Angeles. Morosco Theatre, Los Angeles. Majestic Theatre, Los Angeles. Empress Theatre, Sacramento. COLORADO. Denver Auditorium. Denver. Schubert Theatre, Denver. CONNECTICUT. Poll's Theatre, New Haven. Poll's Theatre, Bridgeport. GEORGIA. Hurt Theatre, Atlanta. KENTUCKY. Woodland Park Auditorium, Lexington. ILLINOIS. Bryn Mawr Avenue Theatre, Chicago. Cuneo Theatre, Chicago. Wilson Avenue Theatre, Chicago. Weeghan Theatre, Chicago. Hopkinton Amusement Theatre, Chicago. Wallace Hall, Monmouth. INDIANA. Mallott Theatre. Indianapolis. Central Amusement Company, Indianapolis. IOWA. Princess Theatre, Des Moines. Des Moines Coliseum. Des Moines. MARYLAND. Moving Picture Theatre, Annapolis. New Theatre, Baltimore. MASSACHUSETTS. Keith's Bijou Dream, Boston. Lyric Theatre, Boston. Castle Square Theatre, Boston. Colonial Theatre, Boston. Keith's New Theatre, Boston. Arena, Boston. Shubert Theatre, Boston. Roxbury Theatre, Dorchester. Moving Picture Theatre, New Bedford. B. F. Keith's Theatre, Lowell. Nichol Theatre, Worcester. Poll's Theatre, Worcester. MICHIGAN. King's Theatre, Detroit. MINNESOTA. Hartley Theatre, Duluth. Schubert Theatre, Minneapolis. MISSOURI. Garden Theatre, Kansas City. St. Joseph Auditorium, St. Joseph. Coliseum, St. Louis. Empress Theatre, St. Louis. NEBRASKA. Brandis Theatre. Omaha. Omaha Auditorium, Omaha. NEW YORK. Kessler Theatre, New York City. Century Theatre, New York City. Carnegie Music Hall, New York City. Little Theatre. New York City. Art Theatre, New York City. Minsky Theatre, New York City. New Amsterdam Theatre, New York City. Arena, Syracuse. Magee Theatre, Schenectady. Convention Hall, Rochester. Exposition Buildings, Rochester. OHIO. Lyric Theatre, Portsmouth. Hanley Theatre, Dayton. OREGON. Empress Theatre, Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. Pennsylvania State College Auditorium. State College. Garrick Theatre, Philadelphia. Nixon Theatre, Pittsburgh. Kenyon Theatre, Pittsburgh. UTAH. New Orpheum Theatre, Salt Lake City. Rex Theatre. Salt Lake City. Jupiter Theatre. Salt Lake City. VERMONT. Auditorium Building, Brattleboro. WISCONSIN. Majestic Building, Milwaukee. T WASHINGTON, D.C. Imperial Theatre. Gaiety Theatre. Truxton Theatre. CANADA. New Theatre & Amusement Arcade. Toronto. Moving Picture Theatre, Hamilton. Sherman Theatre, Calgary. Orpheum Theatre, Vancouver. National Theatre, Vancouver. McBride Theatre, Victoria. Amphitheatre, Winnipeg. HOTELS. CALIFORNIA. U. S. Grant Hotel, San Diego. Oakland Hotel, Oakland. Hayward Hotel, Los Angeles. St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco. CONNECTICUT. Bond Hotel, Hartford. DELAWARE. Hotel Dupont, Wilmington. GEORGIA. Hotel Ansley, Atlanta. ILLINOIS. Kaiserhof Hotel, Chicago. Hotel Sherman, Chicago. Congress Hotel, Chicago. Blackstone Hotel, Chicago. INDIANA. Claypool, Indianapolis. IOWA. Hotel Chamberlain, Des Moines. KENTUCKY. Phoenix, Lexington. MARYLAND. Maryland Hotel, Baltimore. Belvedere Hotel, Baltimore. MASSACHUSETTS. Hotel Touraine, Boston. American House, Boston. Young's Hotel, Boston. Copley-Plaza, Boston. Parker House, Boston. Hotel Somerset, Boston. Bancroft Hotel, Worcester. MINNESOTA. Radisson Hotel, Minneapolis. Rogers Hotel, Minneapolis. MISSOURI. Maryland Hotel, St. Louis. MONTANA. Helena Hotel, Helena. NEBRASKA. Henshaw Hotel, Omaha. Schlitz Hotel. Omaha. n N NEW YORK. Imperial Hotel, New York City. Belmont Hotel, New York City. Hotel Ator, New York City. Ritz-Carlton Hotel, New York City. Great Northern Hotel, New York City. Knickerbocker Hotel, New York City. Hotel St. Regis, New York City. Vanderbilt Hotel, New York City. Waldorf-Astoria, New York City. Hotel Plaza, New York City. Martinique Hotel, New York City. Manhattan Hotel, New York City. Bossert Hotel, Brooklyn. Rathskeller Hotel, Onondaga. Seneca Hotel, Rochester. Powers Hotel. Rochester. Hotel Rochester, Rochester. Statler Hotel, Buffalo. OREGON. White Pelican Hotel, Klamath Falls. New Oregon Hotel, Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. Fort Pitt Hotel, Pittsburgh. Hotel Schenley, Pittsburgh. Carnegie Hotel (Munnhall), Pittsburgh. Ritz-Carlton Hotel, Philadelphia. OHIO. Metropole Hotel, Cincinnati. OHIO Continued. Monroe Hotel, Cincinnati. Hotel Gerdes, Cincinnati. Hollenden Hotel, Cleveland. RHODE ISLAND. Narragansett Hotel, Providence. TENNESSEE. Peabody Hotel, Memphis. TEXAS. Westbrook Hotel, Fort Worth. UTAH. Utah Hotel, Salt Lake City. VIRGINIA. Hotel Carroll, Lynchburg. Virginia Hotel, Lynchburg. Jefferson Hotel, Richmond. Hotel Richmond. Richmond. WASHINGTON, D.C. Raleigh Hotel. Grafton Hotel. New Willard. Hotel Cochrane. CANADA. Prince Edward Hotel, Brandon. Freeman's Hotel, Montreal. Mossop's Hotel, Toronto. CHURCHES. ALABAMA. Highland Circle Church, Birmingham. CALIFORNIA. First Baptist Church. Pomona. M. E. Church South, San Jose. First Presbyterian Church, San Jose. First M. E. Church, San Diego. COLORADO. Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Denver. GEORGIA. St. Loukes Church, Atlanta. ILLINOIS. Swedish Free Church, Rockford. Pilgrim Congregational Church, Chicago. Oakwood M. E. Church, Chicago. First Presbyterian Church. Chicago. IOWA. University Place Church of Christ, Des Moines. Methodist Episcopal Church, Davenport. KENTUCKY. St. Aloysius Church, Covington. MASSACHUSETTS. St. John's Memorial Church, Cambridge. Central Congregational Church, Boston. New Baptist Church, Worcester. Baptist Church. Maiden. MICHIGAN. Methodist Episcopal Church, Ann Arbor. Christ Episcopal Church, Detroit. MINNESOTA. 6th Church of Christ Scientist, Minneapolis. Plymouth Congregational Church. Minneapolis. 5th Church of Christ Scientist, Minneapolis. MISSOURI. Methodist Episcopal Church, Kansas City. First Congregational Church, Kansas City. 2nd Church of Christ Scientist, Kansas City. First Baptist Church, Kansas City. Christian Science Church, St. Louis. Second Baptist Church, St. Louis. NEW YORK. Madison Presbyterian Church, New York City. Lenox Presbyterian Church, New York City. Christ Church, Memorial Building, New York City. All Angels Parish House, New York City. Broadway Tabernacle, New York City. Brick Presbyterian Church, New York City. Chapel of the Intercession, New York City. 1st Church of Christ Scientist, New York City. 2d Church of Christ Scientist. New York City. St. Thomas' Church, New York City. South Presbyterian Church, Syracuse. West Avenue M. E. Church, Rochester. Blessed Sacrament Church, Rochester. Sacred Heart Church, Rochester. St. Paul's Church, Rochester. First Presbyterian Church, Buffalo. St. John's Chapel, Brooklyn. N NORTH DAKOTA. First Presbyterian, Grand Forks. OHIO. Trinity Cathedral, Cleveland. First Methodist Episcopal Church, Cleveland. Church of the Unity, Cleveland. Euclid Avenue Temple, Cleveland. 4th Lutheran Church, Springfield. K. K. Bene Israel Church, Cincinnati. Euclid Avenue Church, Dayton. First Brethren Church, Dayton. PENNSYLVANIA. St. Paul's Evangelical Church, Spring Grove. 3rd Presbyterian Church, Williamsport. First Presbyterian Church, Kittanning. 2d Presbyterian Church, Pittsburgh. First Baptist Church, Pittsburgh. St. Patrick's Church, Philadelphia. TEXAS. Lutcher Memorial Church, Orange. WASHINGTON. First Baptist Church, Seattle. Plymouth Congregational Church, Seattle. First Baptist Church, Walla Walla. WEST VIRGINIA. First M. E. Church, Parkersburg. WISCONSIN. First Congregational Church, Oshkosh. M. E. Episcopal Church, Appleton. WASHINGTON, D.C. The Immanuel Baptist Church. Bethlehem Chapel. CANADA. Methodist Church, Saskatoon. New Western Baptist Church, Toronto. Rosedale Presbyterian Church, Toronto. St. James Parish House, Toronto. Bloor Street Baptist Church, Toronto. New Methodist Church, Edmonton. CAFES, RESTAURANTS, DINING ROOMS. CALIFORNIA. Heidelberg Inn, San Francisco. Portola-Louvre Cafe, San Francisco. Hof Brau Cafe, San Francisco. The Crystal Cafeteria, San Francisco. Boos Brothers Cafeteria, San Francisco. Pabst Cafe, San Francisco. Pig'n Whistle Cafe. Oakland. CONNECTICUT. Waldorf Lunch, Hartford. Harry Bond's Restaurant, Hartford. Banquet Room (Hotel Garde), Hartford. Hudson Caf, Waterbury. Dining Room Hotel Elton, Waterbury. Howland Dry Goods Company, Bridgeport. ILLINOIS. Lamb's Cafe, Chicago. North American, Chicago. ILLINOIS Continued. Chicago House, Chicago. Stewart Catering Company, Chicago. Edelweiss Restaurant, Chicago. Rector's Restaurant, Chicago. 0. W. Rosenthal, Chicago. Tom Jones Restaurant, Chicago. Holman's Department Store, Chicago. Weegham's Restaurant, Chicago. Kohlsaat's Restaurant, Chicago. Bismarck Gardens, Chicago. Lomax Restaurant, Chicago. La Salle Street Station, Chicago. MAINE. Morins, Portland. MASSACHUSETTS. Ideal Lunch, Boston. New England Kitchen, Boston. Preston's Restaurant, Boston. Marston's Restaurant, Boston. Huntt's Lunch. Boston. Hayward Cafe, Boston. Ideal Lunch, Springfield. NEBRASKA. Calumet Restaurant, Omaha. NEW YORK. Sherry's, New York City. Delmonico's, New York City. Downtown Building, New York City. NEW YORK Continued. Riggs' Restaurant, New York City. Banquet Hall (Powers Hotel), Rochester. Fred Odenbach, Rochester. OHIO. Hippodrome Inn, Cleveland. Hof Brau House, Cleveland. PENNSYLVANIA. Penn. R.R. Station, Pittsburgh. Farmers Bank Building, Pittsburgh. Athletic Club of Philadelphia, Philadelphia. Boothbay Hotel Company, Philadelphia. Norn andHardart Co., Philadelphia. Guard Trust Company, Philadelphia. RHODE ISLAND. H. R. Wirth, Providence. UTAH. Maxims' Cafe, Salt Lake City. Shay's Cafeteria, Salt Lake City. Emory's Cafeteria, Salt Lake City. Zang's Cafe, Salt Lake City. VIRGINIA. Lynchburg Restaurant, Lynchburg. WASHINGTON. Caf Republique. Merchant's Lunch Room. Columbia Cafe. U. S. Senate Restaurant. CANADA. Robert Simpson Co., Limited, Toronto. Canadian Pacific R.R. Company, Winnipeg. CLUBS AND SOCIETIES, ETC. CALIFORNIA. Masonic Temple, Los Angeles. Masonic Temple, San Francisco. Bohemian Club, San Francisco. COLORADO. The Denver Club, Denver. CONNECTICUT. Masonic Lodge, Torrington. Quinnipiac Club, New Haven. Masonic Building, Waterbury. ILLINOIS. Medinah Masonic Temple, Chicago. Hyde Park Masonic Temple, Chicago. Illinois Athletic Club, Chicago. Hamilton Club, Chicago. Club Room Fine Arts Building, Chicago. Shriners Building, Peoria. INDIANA. Y. M. C. A. Building, Indianapolis. KENTUCKY. Y. M. C. A. Building, Covington. MAINE. Elks' Club, Portland. Masonic Temple, Portland. MASSACHUSETTS. Elks' Club, Haverhill. The Country Club, Brookline, Masonic Building Chelsea. Oxford Club, Lynn. Springfield Boys' Club, Springfield. Newton Y. M. C. A., Newton. New Boston Y. M. C. A., Boston. Algonquin Club, Boston. Commonwealth Club, Worcester. MINNESOTA. Minneapolis Club, Minneapolis. Knights of Columbus Building, Minneapolis Elks' Club, Minneapolis. Masonic Temple, St. Paul. NEW YORK. Republican Club, New York City. Engineers Club, New York City. Home Club, N.Y. City, New York City. New York Club, New York City. New York Historical Society, New York City. Lotus Club Building, New York City. Hispanic Society. New York City. Masonic Hall, New York City. Masonic Temple, Dunkirk. Genesee Valley Club, Rochester. Masonic Temple, Rochester. I. 0. 0. F. Lodge Rooms, Syracuse. University Club, Syracuse. OHIO. Masonic Temple, Dayton. Y. M. C. A. Building. Dayton. Elks' Club. Cleveland. Union Club, Cleveland. Hermit Club, Cleveland. Country Club, Cleveland. Euclid Club, Cleveland. OREGON. University Club. Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. Masonic Temple. Sharon. Masonic Temple, Butler. Pittsburgh Athletic Association, Pittsburgh. UTAH. Elks' Club, Ogden. VIRGINIA. Naval Y. M. C. A., Norfolk. WASHINGTON. New Elks' Home, Everett. WASHINGTON, D.C. Cosmos Club. Central Y. M. C. A. Scottish Rite Temple. CANADA. Ottawa Y. M. C. A., Ottawa. New York Club, Toronto. National Club, Toronto. CANADA Continued. Montreal Athletic Association, Montreal. Adanac Club, Winnipeg. KITCHENS. CALIFORNIA. Abrahamsen's Restaurant, Eureka City. CONNECTICUT. Cafe Malone, New Haven. ILLINOIS. Chicago City Club, Chicago. Polk Street Station, Chicago. B. J. Efting's Restaurants, Chicago. G. Knab's Restaurants, Chicago. Hanley's Restaurant, Chicago. John R. Thompson's Restaurants, Chicago. KENTUCKY. Phoenix Hotel, Lexington. MAINE. Hiram Ricker & Sons, South Poland. MARYLAND. U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis. MASSACHUSETTS. The Beaconsfield, Brookline. R. Marston & Company, Boston. Young's Hotel, Boston. Parker House, Boston. Gridley's, Summer Street, Boston. N. E. Tel. & Tel. Company, Boston. Home for Crippled Children, Boston, NEW YORK. City Investment Building, New York City. Schrafft's Confectionery Co., New York City. Y. M. C. A., Rochester. Duffy-Powers Store, Rochester. Fred Odenbach & Sons, Rochester. Hotel Rochester, Rochester. Oak Hill Country Club, Rochester. OHIO. Hippodrome Inn. Cleveland. Hof Brau, Cleveland. PENNSYLVANIA. Hotel Hanover, Philadelphia. Hamilton Court Apartment Co., Philadelphia. Broad Street Station P. R.R., Philadelphia. Allentown Hospital, Allentown. TEXAS. Bristol Hotel, Houston. UTAH. Utah Hotel, Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON, D. C. Hotel Engel. Hotel Grafton. Washington Loan & Trust Building. U. S. Capitol Building. CANADA. Gooderham Residence Club, Toronto. N. W, Commercial Traveller's Association, Winnipeg W. J. McGuire Limited. Toronto. National Club, Toronto. Heating and Ventilation of Federal, State, County and Municipal Buildings Bulletin No. 1014 Equipment for Public Buildings WE are always proud of our public buildings. We point them out to strangers, and, when we are away from home, we compare the buildings we see with those at home. We employ the best architects and the most successful engineers. We use the best materials. We insist upon the finest decorations and furnishings. Public buildings reflect the arts of the times in which they are built. They represent the best that the builders, architects, and artists of the times have to offer. The materials that go into them are the best that the builders know, and the completed structure remains as a monument to the architectural skill and the engineering ability of the day. It is because of this that we find some of the finest examples of building equipment in our govern- ment, state and municipal buildings, and that equipment becomes standard in the community because it has been chosen in preference to all other equipment as being the best. In this book there are numerous photographs of public buildings, including government and state buildings, court-houses, libraries, hospitals, prisons and other institutions. All of these buildings are well known, and many of them can be recognized instantly by people all over the world. All of these buildings contain Sturtevant apparatus and are heated and ventilated by the Sturte- vant System. Sturtevant apparatus was chosen because of its superiority. The Sturtevant System was used because it is the most perfect system of heating and ventilating ever devised. A representative though incomplete list at the end of this book gives the names of other buildings in which the Sturte- vant System has been installed. THE STURTEVANT SYSTEM The complete installation of the Sturtevant System provides a fan or blower, an airwasher, and heating coils, while refrigerating apparatus may be added if it is desired to cool the air in summer. United States Capitol, Washington, D.C Elliott Wood*, architect United States Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. Bernard Green, engineer * NJ United States House of Representatives Office Building, Washington, D.C. Elliott Woods, architect Bernard Green, engineer M N P M H H This system, complete, meets all the requirements of ventilation, heats the building in winter, cools it in summer, and supplies plenty of pure fresh air, thoroughly cleaned, at all times of the year. It is appli- cable to buildings of every type, and because it is easily installed in buildings without inharmonious architectural effects, it is especially satisfactory in government, state and municipal buildings. No radiators or steam pipes are exposed in the rooms themselves, doing away with unsightliness and the distracting noise of pounding in the steam pipes. For public buildings these features of the Sturtevant System make a strong appeal. The advantages accruing from the installation of the System are many, and are summarized on subsequent pages. The Sturtevant System is the blower system of heating and ventilation in its most scientifically developed form. All the air used in the heating and ventilating system enters through openings specially provided for this purpose. It is heated or cooled, as the case may be, is cleaned by passing through the airwasher and is finally blown into ducts and flues which carry it to the rooms to be heated or ven- tilated, entering at such a reduced velocity that there are no drafts as would result from windows opened to secure ventilation. The quality of the air in the ventilating system is easily maintained at the point of its greatest excellence because all of the air must pass through the airwasher. The vitiated air in the rooms is removed through vent flues, there being, in most cases, a fan arranged to exhaust the air from the vent shafts. Registers opening into the vent shafts are provided for removing the vitiated air. A complete circuit of air is thus established, entering, passing through, and leaving the room con- tinuously, bringing with it fresh, clean air from outside and carrying with it, as it leaves, the stale, impure and vitiated air. New air with the freshness and vigor of the atmosphere after a thunder-storm is being heated or cooled, according to the season of the year, for the supply, and the stale air of the room, already robbed of its healthful qualities, is not heated and reheated in the room. NECESSITY OF VENTILATION It is universally conceded that artificial ventilation is necessary in practically all public buildings. Court-houses, for instance, and legislative halls require considerable fresh air because of the long ffllNSS Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. United States War and Navy Building, Washington, D.C McKim, Mead and White, architects Executive Offices of the White House, Washington, D.C. fl H P M M N I ~ periods of occupancy and the great number of people in the rooms. As impure air dulls the mind and makes it sluggish in action, it is impossible to maintain the most satisfactory conditions in unventilated rooms. It is most strikingly true of hospitals that ventilation is essential, for here constitutions that are weakened by disease easily succumb to impure air, the evil effects of which extend farther than is generally imagined. This is emphasized by Prof. Irving Fisher, of Yale University, who says in his report on "National Hygiene": "Man is more dependent upon the atmosphere than upon any other environ- mental factor. His body is bathed in air, and his most vital function, respiration, depends upon it." ADVANTAGES OF THE STURTEVANT SYSTEM There is no class of buildings to which this System is not adaptable or in which the best results cannot be obtained by its introduction. The entire heating surface of the System is contained in a single steel plate jacket, and is located in the basement of the building, eliminating all danger from fire and preventing the possibility of leakage with the attendant damage to walls, ceilings, and floors, avoiding freezing of isolated radiators, and mak- ing it unnecessary to place unsightly steam pipes or radiators within the rooms themselves. The ob- jectionable though often unavoidable pounding of radiators is avoided by locating all of the heating surface at such a great distance from the room which is to be heated. The heating apparatus thus cen- tralized at one point is under the control of a single operator. The ventilation provided by this System is positive at all times. The air is blown by the fan to the rooms where ventilation is needed, and the foul air is exhausted from the rooms by mechanical means, no dependence being placed upon natural drafts in flues. The temperature of the air entering the room can be regulated to any desired degree, and the air can be cleaned in the airwasher, removing, thereby, all dirt and undesirable impurities. The System supplies both ventilation and heating, and can be regulated for cooling in warm weather. As much air as is required is constantly being supplied to the room, and the temperature within the room can be maintained automatically at any desired degree throughout the entire year. 1 y\ ->: N[ H; IK1 New National Museum, Washington, D.C. E - United States Treasury Building, Washington, D.C. United States Mint, Philadelphia, Pa. P H i!C- W Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Washington, D.C. TrMiury Department'! Superviiing architect! 1 s rt-rf?-^ ; St. Louis Post Office, St. Louis, Mo. BIS A. M. Jrfferi. architect Parliament Buildings, Edmonton, Alta. - i v~ 111 ill Biiain in I II '- , | |fi - Kentucky State Capitol, Frankfort, Ky. Idaho State Capitol, Boise, Idaho Tourtelotte and Hummel, architect* P M State Educational Building, Albany, N.Y. Minnesota State Capitol. St. Paul, Minn. Waterbury Court House, Waterbury, Conn 3 C Cuyahoga County Court-house THE arrangement of the Cuyahoga County Court-house is such that the introduction of the Sturte- vant System in it was accomplished by means of an underground concrete duct delivering heated air to flues in the inner walls of the building. The supply duct is laid in the form of a rectangle, following in outline the contour of the building. The air enters through fresh air inlets, as noted on the drawing, and passes through tempering coils, which warm it to a moderate temperature before it enters the airwasher just beyond. All dust and soluble impurities are removed from the air in passing through the airwasher on the way to the heaters where the temperature is raised. The air is then blown by the fan into the plenum chamber. The air from the plenum duct, arising in the flues, is admitted to the rooms through registers located in the walls about eight feet from the floor, while vitiated air leaves through vent registers and flues and is removed by Sturtevant steel plate exhausters. It will be noticed that provision is made for supplying plenty of warm air to the vestibules, as these parts of the building are easily cooled. q N Cuyahoga County Cotirt House Showing Location of Sturtevant Apparatus n N Greene County Court House, Springfield, Mo. Camden County Court House, Camden, N.J. Rankin. Kellog and Crane, architects Francis Bros, and Jellette, engineers N P M J. Milton Dyer, architect Summit County Court House, Akron, 0. JM1 JE Cope Stewartson, architect Municipal Building, Washington, D.C. H. B. MacFarland. engineer N q H H Us"! n o^iiviiinni^' a Municipal Courts Building, St. Louis, Mo. Iwac S. Taylor, wchitcct y M 1 Hi J C Library, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 3 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City MdCim. Mead and White, architect. IWI k^Cr ^^ JM1L Guy Lowell, architect Boston Museum of Art, Boston, Mass. French and Hubbard, engineer! :> c New York Public Library r I 'HE drawing on the opposite page illustrates how the Sturtevant System was introduced into a large 1 and complicated building. The installation of any system of heating into a building of this type is a difficult matter on account of the size of the structure and the number of rooms to be heated, and because of the decorative nature of the interior the system must be introduced without inharmonious effects. The Sturtevant System is especially adaptable in this regard, because no unsightly radiators or steam coils are placed in sight, all being located in the basement of the building. Hammering pipes and pounding radiators, not always easily avoidable, are distinctly annoying in a building of this charac- ter. Ventilation is essential. The Sturtevant System provides heat with the absence of exposed pipes and radiators and also ventilation by means of the same apparatus. There are several apparatuses used in heating and ventilating the New York Public Library. These are shown on the drawing. The four main apparatuses are located at the left side of the central court from which the fresh air is drawn. A complete supply and exhaust arrangement for the stack room in the rear is shown. Apparatus No. 5 in the 40th Street end of the building exhausts foul air from the engine and pump rooms, and Apparatus No. 6 is used for removing the fumes from the storage battery room. Public Library, New York City Showing Locations of Sturtevant Apparatus and Duct Systems m Public Library, New York City Carter* and Hattingl. architect! A. R. Wolff, engineer Minnesota State Reformatory, St. Cloud, Minn. C. H. Johnston, architect Dining Hall, Ohio Penitentiary, Columbus, 0. Mariott & Allen, architect! Osborn Engineering Co.. engineers -^V f? Mariott & Allen, architects Cell Block, Ohio Penitentiary, Columbus, 0. Minnesota State Prison, Stillwater, Minn. C. R Johnston, architect C. L. Pillabury. engineer i F San Quentin State Prison, San Quentin, Calif The San Quentm State Prison n*HERE are nine Sturtevant heating and ventilating apparatuses in the San Quentin State Prison, X four of which supply fresh air and five of which exhaust the foul air. These are located in two groups, consisting of two supply and two exhaust apparatuses for ventilating the Cell building, while the fifth exhauster ventilates the Dining Room and the Chapel. On the opposite page, one of the groups of apparatuses ventilating the Cell house is shown in outline, and the ducts which connect the fans with the registers are indicated. The supply fans draw air in from outside through heating coils and force it into underground ducts, which in turn discharge the air into the Cell house through registers in the outside walls. The vitiated air is removed through the back walls of the cells, these cells being placed back to back and in tiers with a utility corridor between. In this corridor ventilating flues lead from the back of each cell to the main exhaust duct beneath the floor. The exhaust fans draw the foul air through this duct, and blow it outside. On one of the following pages is shown one of the supply fans. Ventilation is essential in prisons, owing to the conditions that exist there. The Sturtevant System has always been recognized as the best because it heats as well as ventilates the prison. The individual exhaust from each cell is a noteworthy feature of this System, as the air cannot become stagnant in the cells. 3 ,i I & y\ ' ,' ^"ll/ __. ^ 'X^^^^^^lllini^ 1(?1 N )' ; ; : T -i y '.-. , - -I I Layout or Apparatus, San Quentin State Prison Sturtevant Apparatus, San Quentin State Prison ^ Shepley, Rutan and Coolidgc. architects Collis P. Huntington Memorial Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Mass. Densmore and Le Clear, enginei M N p M M N St. Louis Insane Asylum, St. Louis, Mo. Milligan and Wray. architecti Ruhe and Fange. architects Allentown Hospital, Allentown, Pa. TT7T H M L Sturtevant Apparatus, Bellevue Hospital, New York City N M "J * I I fl.1 Tourotctte and Hummel, architects St. Alphonsus Hospital, Boise, Idaho H N V M Minneapolis City Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn Lonj. Lunoruul & Long, architect! II liii John D. Atchison, architect Winnipeg General Hospital, Winnipeg, Man. H H H M '/ lim in Eme*t FUgg. architect St. Luke's Hospital, New York City p M Codman and Despiradelle, architects Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Mass. Densmore and Le Clear, engineers r^llEig M H Nl St. Luke's Hospital, Cleveland, 0. F. L. W. Stribinger. srchiteet P ;i St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, B.C., Sturtevant Air Washer V \ n R M INI Coquitlam Asylum, Coquitlam, B.C. Sturtevant HC-1 Generating Sets in Idaho State Capitol M N Sturtevant Generators IN the types of buildings which are illustrated in this book it is often desirable to generate electricity for lighting and power purposes. On account of the size of these buildings it is necessary to main- tain a large janitorial force, and the extra cost of supervision for the electric generator is an item of no great importance. Steam boilers are almost always installed for heating purposes, so that, by the in- stallation of a boiler to generate steam at pressures sufficient for driving steam engines or steam turbines is only a slight additional expense. The cost of the current is also considerably lowered by reason of the fact that the exhaust steam is used in the heating system. Sturtevant electric generating sets are built with direct connected steam engine, steam turbine, or gasoline engine drive, and in sizes from five to one hundred and fifty kilowatts, direct current. All en- gines, turbines, and generators are built by this Company in their shops. VS-7 and VS-8 generating sets consist of Sturtevant vertical steam engines of the VS-7 and VS-8 types, direct connected to Sturtevant six or eight pole electric generators. These sets were developed under the rigid specifications for the requirements of the United States Navy, and have been used ex- tensively both in the Navy and wherever high-grade direct connected sets are required. Because of this, they are especially adapted to public building lighting, as they are reliable and durable and may be depended upon to give satisfactory service. HC-1 generating sets consist of Sturtevant horizontal center crank steam engines of the HC-1 type direct connected to Sturtevant six or eight pole electric generators. These sets are carefully balanced and regulated to give quiet operation with constant voltage. VS-7 Generating Set Turbo Generating Set N M HC-1, VS-7, and VS-8 generating sets are automatically regulated by a Rites centrifugal governor located in the fly wheel. The engines are entirely enclosed with oil and dust proof covers and have gravity oiling systems. They are fitted with large relief valves and plugged for indicator cocks. Steam engine generating sets can be supplied for low, medium, or high pressure steam. Sturtevant turbo generators consist of Sturtevant steam turbines direct connected to Sturtevant electric generators. The steam turbines are of the multi-impulse type with a single rotor of solid forged steel. The bearings are of a self-oiling pattern, using a special channel-scoop oiling ring to insure perfect lubrication. The sets are particularly well regulated by a centrifugal governor mounted upon the turbine shaft. An entirely separate emergency governor shuts down the turbine by means of an entirely sepa- rate valve if, for any reason, the speed of the turbine exceeds a predetermined maximum. The Sturtevant direct current generators used with these turbines are especially designed for this type of service. The sets are well adapted for use in schools, as they operate with a minimum of care and attention. They are well balanced for vibrationless operation and completely governed, so that the volt- age is maintained constant through wide and sudden variations in load. Sturtevant gasolene electric generating sets consist of gasolene engines direct connected to Sturte- vant direct current electric generators. The engines are of the four cycle, watercooled, automobile type, with either four or six cylinders arranged vertically and using either gasolene or illuminating gas for fuel. It is intended that these sets should be run direct, without storage battery, although this arrangement is possible, if desired. The speed of the engine is closely regulated by a fly-ball governor operating a throttle valve. Lubrication is forced; a gear pump in the base supplies oil, under pressure, to all bearings. Engine and generator are both mounted upon the same cast iron base. p M q Nl HC-l Generating Set Gasolene Electric Generating Set 5 K.W. Size H A PARTIAL LIST OF GOVERNMENT, STATE, COUNTY, AND MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS IN WHICH STURTEVANT APPARATUS IS INSTALLED. While this list is incomplete, it will serve to show the extent to which Sturtevant apparatus has been applied to the ventilation of buildings of this class. Where the best is insisted upon, Sturtevant apparatus is invariably installed, architects and engineers universally being agreed as to its superiority. Your choice of Sturtevant apparatus will have the approval of those who chose it for the buildings illus- trated in this book and represented in this list. CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Los Angeles State Insane Asylum Los Angeles County Hospital San Francisco German Hospital San Quentin San Quentin State Prison CONNECTICUT Hartford Municipal Building New Haven Yale College Library Waterbury Waterbury Court-house DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Washington Children's Hospital Court-house, United States Capitol Building Department of Agriculture Building Freedman's Hospital Homoeopathic Hospital Library of Congress DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Continued Washington Contin'd Uniontown Police Court Building United States Court-house United States Naval Hospital United States Senate Office Building United States Treasury Walter Reed Army Hospital House of Representatives Office Municipal Building State of War and Navy Building White House, Executive Offices United States Weather Bureau Bureau of Mines New Bureau of Engraving and Printing Bureau of Standards United States Capitol United States Navy Yard New National Museum Government Hospital for Insane P M a N] J C IDAHO Boise City Idaho State Capitol INDIANA Gary Gary Hospital Indianapolis John Herron Art Institute Methodist Episcopal Hospital ILLINOIS Chicago Children's Hospital City and County Hospital Fine Arts Building Poorhouse West Side Free Dispensary North Chicago Hospital U. S. Naval Training Station County of Cook Juvenile Court Jacksonville Illinois County Hospital for Insane Kankakee Illinois Eastern Hospital for Insane Oak Forest Tuberculosis Ward, Cook County Poor Farm IOWA Independence Independence State Hospital Iowa City University of Iowa Hospital Burlington Burlington Presbyterian Hospital KANSAS Leavenworth U.S. Penitentiary KENTUCKY Hopkinsville Western State Insane Asylum Lexington Good Samaritan Hospital Louisville Jefferson County Armory Louisville City Hospital Frankfort Kentucky State Capitol MAINE Bangor Eastern Maine Insane Hospital Portland Cumberland County Court-house Portland City Hall MARYLAND Annapolis Annapolis Naval Hospital Baltimore Baltimore City Court-house Bay View Hospital Maryland Hospital Spring Grove Hospital for the Insane MASSACHUSETTS Arlington Arlington Town Hall Boston Art Museum Boston Floating Hospital Peter Bent Brigham Hospital Children's Hospital Robert Brigham Hospital Boston City Hall Annex Memorial Cancer Hospital Psychopathic Hospital MASSACHUSETTS Continued Cambridge Chelsea Lawrence Mattapan Medfield New Bedfoid South Boston Springfield Titicut Worcester Detroit Kalamazoo Lapeer St. Paul Minneapolis Moorhead St. Cloud Stillwater Thief River Falls Springfield Jefferson City Cambridge Hospital T. Jefferson Coolidge Laboratory Chelsea Library Lawrence Free Hospital Consumptives' Hospital Asylum for Chronic Insane New Bedford Public Library Carney Hospital Hampden County Court-house Springfield Municipal Building Massachusetts State Farm Contagious Ward, Worcester City Farm MICHIGAN Detroit General Hospital Kalamazoo Hospital Michigan Home for the Feeble- minded and Epileptic MINNESOTA Minnesota State Capitol Minneapolis City Hospital Northwest Hospital State Reformatory Minnesota State Prison Armory and Auditorium MISSOURI Green County Court-house Missouri State Penitentiary M ISSOUR1 Continued Jefferson City Women's Ward. State Penitentiary Missouri Colony for Feeble-minded and Epileptic Kansas City General Hospital St. Louis Municipal Court Building St. Louis Insane Hospital United States Post-office Barnes Hospital MONTANA Butte Silver Bow County Court-house NEBRASKA Lincoln State Hospital for the Insane Omaha Douglas County Court-house NEW HAMPSHIRE Concord New Hampshire State Capitol Keene City Hall Portsmouth United States Naval Hospital NEW JERSEY Trenton New Jersey State Hospital for Insane Camden Camden County Court-house Jersey City Jersey City Hospital Newark Newark City Hospital Rochester Dobbs Ferry Harrison Long Island City New York City Brooklyn Overbrook Rome Syracuse Troy Utica White Plains Raleigh Akron Carthage NEW YORK Monroe County Court-house Juvenile Asylum Old Ladies' Home Queens County Court-house Harlem Hospital Metropolitan Museum of Art Bellevue Hospital New York Hospital New York Public Library Museum of Natural History Post-graduate Hospital Seaman's Institute United States Custom House Women's Hospital Building Brooklyn Institute of Arts Essex County for Insane County Hospital Bureau of Education and Police House of Providence Onondaga County House Samaritan Hospital St. Joseph Orphan Asylum Utica Public Library Westchester County Court-house NORTH CAROLINA State Capitol OHIO Summit County Court-house Longview Hospital Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton Hazelton Plainsville Pittsburgh Washington Allentown Blossburg Bryn Mawr Hanover Township Hollidayburg Huntington Mount Alto Philadelphia Pittsburgh OHIO Continued Cincinnati General Hospital Bethsaida Hospital Cincinnati Public Hospital Second District Police Station Cuyahoga County Court-house St. Luke's Hospital Armory Building Institute for Feeble-minded Youths Ohio State Penitentiary Dayton State Hospital Greene County Court-house Lake County Court-house PENNSYLVANIA Western Penitentiary Washington County Court-house Allentown Hospital Cottage State Hospital Infirmary, Bryn Mawr College Homceopathic Hospital for Insane Blair County Court-house J. G. Blair Memorial Hospital Mount Alto Sanatorium German Hospital Union Mission Hospital United States Naval Hospital Bourse Building. U.S. P.O. Sub-station Alleghany County Jail Alleghany County Workhouse N v q N PENNSYLVANIA Continued Pittsburgh Carnegie Library St. Margaret's Memorial Hospital Polk Western Pennsylvania Institution Feeble-minded Scranton Hahnemann Hospital Wilkinsburg United Presbyterian Hospital Williamsport James V. Brown Library RHODE ISLAND Howard Reception Hospital Newport Newport Naval Training Station Providence Providence Comfort Station SOUTH DAKOTA Hot Springs Battle Mountain Sanitarium UTAH Salt Lake City Infirmary Building Post-office VERMONT Windsor Vermont State Prison Waterbury Vermont State Hospital for Insane VIRGINIA Norfolk Building No. 23 Building No. 36. Norfolk Navy Yard Richmond State Penitentiary for WASHINGTON North Yakima St. Elizabeth's Hospital Tacoma N. P. B. A. Hospital WEST VIRGINIA Charleston Charleston Post-office Huntington State Hospital WISCONSIN Appleton La Crosse County Asylum Ashland St. Joseph's Hospital Milwaukee Milwaukee Library and Museum Madison Wisconsin State Capitol Manitowoc Manitowoc County Court-house Mendota State Insane Hospital Merrill Lincoln County Jail Oshkosh Winnebago County Poor Farm Superior Douglas County Insane Asylum CANADA Edmonton Parliament Building Vancouver Coquitlam Asylum St. Paul's Hospital Winnipeg Winnipeg General Hospital Hamilton Hamilton Public Library Guelph Homewood Sanitarium Kingston House of Providence Novitiate Toronto Methodist Deaconesses Home Montreal Sisters' Hospital P D N Sturtevant Apparatus THE success of any heating and ventilating installation will depend upon the system and the appa- ratus, for, if there is a defect in either of them, the desired results are not obtained. The best apparatus in the world will fail if used with a poorly designed system, while the most perfect system will not accomplish its purpose with poor apparatus. In either case, dissatisfaction is certain, and, before conditions can be corrected, it is necessary to tear out and replace at greater cost and inconven- ience either the poor system or the faulty apparatus. For over fifty years the B. F. Sturtevant Company have built heating and ventilating apparatus for installation in buildings of every character. Some of the systems have been designed by ourselves, and upon others we have consulted with architects and engineers. We have the largest shops in the world devoted to the manufacture of air-moving apparatus, and build the fan, heater, air-washer, driving apparatus, and piping system, and install the apparatus, if desired, under one contract. We solicit at all times inquiry concerning our apparatus and consultation with engineers, architects, and owners upon the application of our apparatus. Our sales engineers, located in the principal cities of the world, are competent to give engineering advice, while our specialists in various branches of our business are always at your service. You are saved the costly mistake of experimenting with untried and inefficient apparatus and systems by referring your problems to us. In the following pages will be found, briefly described and illustrated, the most important heating and ventilating apparatus that we build. N M P M H Sturtevant Multivane Fans THE Sturtevant Multivane fan is a centrifugal, cased fan of unique design, and is to-day popularly used in heating and ventilating work where formerly only the steel plate fan was available. The new design makes it possible for this fan to handle large volumes of air at moderate pressure and with a small expenditure of power and makes the Sturtevant Multivane the most efficient commercial fan in the world. For the size of the fan casing, the Multivane fan is capable of delivering much greater volumes of air than the steel plate or any other type of fan, and is, therefore, of great value in installations where head room is of importance. The distinguishing features of the Multivane fan are the blades, which, instead of being broad and flat and few in number, like the steel plate fan, are many in number, shallow, and cupped with spherical depressions for strength and to pre- vent the loss of efficiency due to the slip of air along the surfaces. The blades are placed close together, there being a great number rather than a few, as is found with the steel plate fan. It will be readily seen Spider for large size that this construction admits of a Method of riveting blades Multivane Exhauster, Inlet Side Electric Multivane Exhauster Wheel for large size fan Showing double spider and third annular ring spider, consist of T-shaped steel arms hubs, except in the smaller sizes, when piece. In the larger sizes two spiders are arms are riveted to extra heavy blades, to those of the steel plate fan, but with efficiency in operation. large inlet area, and that on this account the resistance due to restrictions in the inlet is considerably lowered. The fan, moreover, because of its design is capable of being operated at much higher speeds than the steel plate fan, which permits of direct connection with the electric motor and high-speed engine. The construction of the fan is made clear in the accom- panying illustration. The blades are pressed while hot, being made of refined steel plate, varying in thickness from 1 7 to 7 gauge, dependent upon the size of the fan wheel. The blades are riveted to the side plates of the fan, and in the larger fans there is a third annular plate used to strengthen the wheel construction. The hub and driving arms, or the cast welded into iron they are made in one used. The ends of the The casings are similar an improved scroll for Parts of Bearing Sturtevant Steel Plate Fans F OR over fifty years Sturtevant steel plate fans have been standard in heating and ventilating installations where reliable, well-balanced, and easy running fans are necessary. Steel plate fan wheels are made with T-shaped steel arms cast into hubs and carrying the plates or floats, which, together with the side plates of the wheel, are constructed of steel plate. This con- struction combines minimum weight with maximum strength and durability, and the fans are designed to handle large volumes of air at low pressure with a small expenditure of power. The fan wheels are keyed to steel shafts that are turned and ground to size and supported in Sturtevant patent brush oiling, self-aligning bearings. The bearings are so constructed that the oil is not drawn into the fan by its suction. After the oil reservoir has been filled, only infrequent attention is necessary to insure proper operation of the fan. The steel plate fan wheels are enclosed in steel plate casings, with either single or double inlet, and can be made to discharge in any direction. They may be driven by belt or chain from shafting, motor, or engine, or they may be direct connected to a steam-engine or an electric motor. The fan wheel of a direct connected exhauster is overhung upon the driving shaft of the motor or engine. A sub-base of steel plate, upon which the motor is mounted, is frequently used in the case of a direct connected unit. Steel plate fans are built to operate against static pressures up to 4 inches of water and for practically unlimited volumes. H N M H H N Small Exhaust Fans THERE is often a section of a room, a kitchen, a laboratory, toilet, or basement, where the need of ventilation is particularly urgent. For ventilating these places it is generally necessary that the ventilating appar- Ready-to-Run Ventilating Sets Electric Monogram Blower atus shall be independent of that ventilating the rest of the building, as these places must often be ventilated when the main ventilating system is not in operation. For such cases small exhaust apparatus is principally used, as it provides a ready and satisfactory solution to the ventilating problem. The "Ready-to-Run" Ventilating set, built in five small sizes, is particularly adapted to many of these problems, and is readily applied for ventilation where small size apparatus is required. It consists of a small multivane fan in a pressed steel casing and driven by a direct connected electric motor. The motor and the fan casing are rigidly fastened together, making a small, compact, and self-contained unit that is portable and, as its name implies, "Ready toRun." N n N] , Sturtevant propeller fans are usually placed in the walls of the building discharging directly out of doors. They handle large volumes of air at low pressure, and are used for exhausting pur- poses. The Sturtevant electric propeller fan, above all others, is remarkable for its strength, reliability, and smoothness of operation. The direct connected electric motor is fastened to the cast iron wall ring by a cast iron tripod. Electrically driven monogram exhausters are particularly adapted for exhausting smoke fumes and gases from engine-rooms, laboratories and kitchens. Where they are used for exhausting fumes, an acid resisting wheel and casing may be employed, if desired. They are constructed of cast iron casings with steel plate wheels, and are known to be one of the best of the Sturtevant fans. Small electrically driven exhaust fans are particularly desirable, as these fans are generally placed in out-of-the-way Electric Propeller Fan places where belt drive is impracticable. The electric drive gives opportunity for remote control by switch and starting box. Monogram Exhauster Belt Drive Sturtevant Engines THE choice of a drive for Sturtevant heating and ventilating fans depends upon the conditions that are met with in an installation. Where steam is avail- able, a steam-engine of one of the types made by this company has the advantage of great economy, as the exhaust steam from the engine is used in the heater, making the cost of operation practically negligible. These engines are built for direct connection to fans where this form of drive is desired, or may be used with a belt drive from the pulley to the fan wheel. Where fans are used in summer for ventilation, the ex- haust steam cannot be used, and arrangement is often made whereby the engine may be substituted by a direct connected electric motor. Sturtevant fan engines are built in either vertical or horizontal types for high, medium, or low pressure steam. They are especially designed for driving Sturte- VS-7 Engine n N vant fans, and are of high-grade construction in every respect. All reciprocating parts are entirely enclosed by oil and dust-proof covers in the frame. The cylinders are fitted with large relief valves, making accidents from water in the cylinders impossible. Either a Rites centrifugal automatic governor or a fly-ball throttling governor may be used with this engine. Perfectly balanced engines and fans insure quiet operation. Lubrication is supplied from an elevated tank on the horizontal engine and from a reservoir cast into the frame of the vertical engine. A pump located in the sub-base of the vertical engine maintains a sufficient supply of oil to the reservoir. Sturtevant engines are designed to give maximum service with minimum up-keep cost. The types here illustrated are espec- ially adapted to public building and school work, owing to the excellence of their construction. Where relia- bility and durability are factors of first importance, these engines are especially recommended. The low- pressure engines may be operated from the heating boiler, making it unnecessary to install a high-pressure boiler. HC-1 Engine Sturtevant Electric Motors IF steam for driving engines is not available, or if other conditions make it inadvisable to use a steam- engine, the electric motor is an excellent substitute. It is clean and quiet, besides being easy to look after, requiring no licensed engineer as an operator. The motor may be either direct connected to the fan or connected by belt or chain. A controlling rheostat should be furnished with the motor, so that it may be operated at various speeds, as determined by necessity. This rheostat may be arranged to control the motor from a distance, if the fan is situated in an out-of-the-way place. All Sturte- vant electric motors are of the direct current type, wound for standard voltages. Type B motors are of the bi-polar type, and are made in small sizes for driving small exhaust and propeller fans. They are built in semi-enclosed and enclosed types. Type C motors are of the multi-polar type, and are built for operation at comparatively low speeds, as they are generally Bi-polar Type Electric Motor installed direct connected to the fan. For driving small J C Type H Electric Motor exhaust fans, these motors may be supported on an annular plate, which is bolted to the side plates of the fan. The smaller sizes may be open, semi-enclosed, or enclosed. In the larger sizes these motors are of the pedestal type. Type H motors are of the four-pole type, especially constructed for driving either by belt, chain, or direct con- nected. They have operating characteristics which insure their fulfilling the exacting requirements of modern service with a minimum of repair and attention. They are made open, semi-enclosed, or en- closed, according to the conditions of the installation. Eight-pole Type Electric Motor n N 3. Sturtevant Heaters STURTEVANT standard heaters are of the pipe coil type, and are constructed of cast iron bases, into which are screwed the heater pipe coils. The bases are made to contain two or four rows of pipe, and may be of various lengths, according to the size of heater required. As many bases as are necessary to give the required amount of heating surface may be combined to make a single heater. A sectional header is cast with each base, so that a single continuous supply and drip header is made when two or more bases are fastened together. The one-inch steel pipe used in Sturtevant heaters is of extra thickness, especially made for Sturtevant heaters. The pipe is spaced so as to give the greatest efficiency of heat transmission from the steam coil to the air passing through the heater, and is placed "staggered," so that the air comes into most intimate contact with all of the heating surface. The heaters are enclosed on the top, side, and bottom by a casing of steel plate, which is generally connected to either the inlet or the discharge of the fan, so that the air is drawn through or blown through the heater. Live steam at either high or low pressure may be used in Sturtevant heaters. If a power boiler is not available for supplying the necessary steam, an ordinary heating boiler may be used. If a large amount of exhaust steam is available from some engine or other source in the building, this may be economically used in the heater in place of live steam. If the fan used in connection with the heater is driven by steam-engine, the exhaust steam from the engine is turned into one section of the heater and there utilized. This section is separated from the others, so that the oily exhaust steam is not mixed with the clean live steam. Although Sturtevant heaters are intended for use with steam, they may be also used with hot water, if Standard Pipe coil Heater conditions are such as to make this a more desirable heating medium. The mitre type of heater coil is then used, as this offers less resistance to the flow of water. With this type of heater a vertical and horizontal base are used with vertical and horizontal pipes forming a mitre. Sturtevant heaters are more effi- cient than direct radiation heaters, from three to five times as much steam being condensed per square foot of heating surface as in direct radiation heaters, the greater effici- ency being due to the greater velocity of air passing over the heater. In other words, only from one- third to one-fifth as much heating surface is required when Sturtevant heaters are used. This heating surface is, moreover, all contained in a steel plate jacket and under the entire control of one man, eliminating leak- ing pipes and noisy water hammer. Sturtevant Air-washer THE STURTEVANT air-washer consists of three essential parts, the spray chamber, the eliminator plates, and the sump, or tank. Within the galvanized iron spray chamber are sets of nozzles through which the water is forced by a centrifugal pump. By means of the nozzles the water is divided into a fine spray, entirely filling the interior of the spray chamber. The air which is drawn through the spray chamber by the fan must pass through this spray, so that the dust and soluble impurities are washed from it. The spray falls into the sump, which is con- structed of galvanized iron or of concrete, and which entirely encloses the lower part of the spray cham- ber and extends under the eliminators. Spray Head Air-washer Nozzle The sump is made water-tight, and is connected to the sewer for drainage. A centrifugal circulating pump draws the water from the sump through a strainer and forces it through the nozzles, so that the water may be used over and over again. The nozzles are made of cast brass, and are screwed into the pipes which carry the water. These nozzles have large openings to prevent clogging, and are so con- structed that the water issuing from the openings strikes against a curved plate forming a part of the nozzle and is broken into a fine spray. ft The eliminators are placed at one end of the spray chamber, and remove the entrained water from the air before it passes into the fan. Eliminators consist of horizontal plates of galvanized sheet iron arranged across the end of the air-washer, like a louver. The plates are perforated, the lips of the perfora- tions being bent downward, so that the air passing across them is wiped against their edges. By the arrangement of the plates and the perforations in them, the air cannot pass through the air-washer without striking against the edges of the plates, so that the moisture is removed and falls into the sump. The air- washer is an essential feature of modern heating and ventilating equipment, and is installed in schools, theatres, hotels, public buildings, and in many factories. It removes dust from the air, and makes the air more healthful for breathing purposes, and, being clean, the interior furnishings and decorations retain their fresh and cleanly appearance. With the air-washer it is possi- ble to moisten the air to any desired humidity. In summer weather the temper- ature of rooms may be greatly lowered by cooling the air in an air-washer. N H n N General Offices and Works B. F. Sturtevant Company, Hyde Park, Boston, Mass. Offices in Principal Cities tffeNfc Renew REC'D LD JAN 4 '64-12** U.K*V LD21- YE