UC-NRLF B 3 b2M DTD wr.' 14 19U ''THE SUNRISE CITY BY THE SEA'' LEGEND Here is health, here is opportunity — recreation for the Wear}), pleasure in varied forms, reasonable living, cheap fuel, good water and refined 5ode(y. What more should man want? PRESS OF Burke & Gregory Norfolk. Va. NORFOLK VIRGINIA "THE SUNRISE CITY BY THE SEA" PUBLISHED BY The Industrial Commission (Board of Commercial and Industrial Interests) OFF! CI AL ~: 19 14 The Industrial Commission of 1914. Thurmer Hoggard, - President Wm. P. Dodson, - Vice-President J. B. Brockett, - - Treasurer Philip E. Yeatman, - Secretary J. T. Whitehurst, Adam Christe Col. Wm. H, Sargeant, Jr. ^m M CONTENTS Map of Norfolk and Vicinity 4 Why Norfolk Is 7-19 A Few Pertinent and Terse Facts concerning Norfolk . . 21-36 Climatically 21 Trucking and Agricultural Interests . . . . . . 23 Manufacturing and Industrial 25 Jobbing Trade 25 Labor 27-29 Financial 29-3 1 Transportation Facilities 31-35 Water Front and Water Courses 36 Other than Commercial, Norfolk's Showing is Just as Good . . 37 Old St. Paul's 39 The Banks of Norfolk; a Statement compiled from February 1914 reports to State Corporation Commission .... 41 Navy Yard Development (proposed) 43-45 Transportation Lines entering Norfolk and how to reach them . 47 A Pictorial Comparison 49-6 1 Panoramic View of Norfolk's Waterfront 56-57 Terminal Development (proposed) 63-71 Points of Interest around Norfolk and how to reach them . 75 Distance and Time from the Chief Cities 11 Comparative Table of Distances between Panama and Middle West- ern Points through Gulf and Coast Ports .... 84 287678 Page 6 WHY NORFOLK IS. 1 T TOOK no prophetic mind to conceive the prediction made many years ago that somewhere along the At- lantic Coast, south of Baltimore, would be built the largest, most prosperous city of these United States. With but a cursory vicAV of the map of the country, many locations can be selected that would satisfy the requirements of a large and progressive population; but as the eye surveys the various advantages both of land and water along the coast line, the vision unconsciously centers and rests at one main point where nature has been most lavish in all her best gifts topographically as well as geographically, and that point is the city of Norfolk. Population as naturally turns toward this section as does the needle to the pole. For the poor man, Norfolk with its surrounding country is the garden of plenty, and for the rich it is the sesame to larger vaults of treasure, and presents un- limited opportunity for the development and increase of her capital. As paradoxical as may seem this statement, it is none the less true and reasonable, for to the poor it yields a cheap yet wholesome and substantial living, while for the rich it is so located as to feel the pulse of the nations and thereby pre- sents opportunities for capital which exist in but limited quantities elsewhere. For commercial reciprocity, Norfolk is superbly located, 1 her water transportation touching the ports of the world, 1 while her railroads require but a few hours for intercourse *' with the most distant cities by land. To her port can enter the largest ships of the world, bringing the produce of other climes, and depart laden with the fruits of this prolific laud. At her piers, ships from any port in the world can be unloaded on one side, and the goods loaded into cars on the other side for any point reached by rail in the Western Hemisphere. Although the possibilities of Norfolk have been recognized by the observant eye since this nation was born, it is only since the days of great immigration and vast wealth, indeed I within the last decade that she seems in earnest to have en- A\tered the lists for special recognition in the marts of the world. Page 7 t^^ «:,'' 3-" . ( 1 1 wmm ' ' ! 1 as 1 1 f 1 i c I f ■•' . §t I:-- i» ; S^ ■'■ 1 ^. 1 1 ' ''c| ri Page 8 h *■ The Norfolk section ships annually to the North and West over $15,000,000 worth ' ' of vegetables and fruits. In the past ten years her growth in popnlatioii, her in- crease in banking and raannfacturing institutions, her im- proved class of buildings, street railway facilities and her splendid educational system place her in the front rank of her sister cities. For the permanent home-seeker she possesses every in- ducement, for like every progressive city, her citizenship is cosmopolitan and the newcomer can select his associates from Canada to the Gulf, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and even those trans-Atlantic and trans-Paeiflc are here to greet their compatriots, and all who come with the proper spirit to make Norfolk their home and with the welfare of Norfolk at heart receive the usual and every ready welcome and hospitality. The climate of this section is most salubrious, reaching neither in Summer nor Winter the extremes of heat and cold. The soil is of the most productive, verifying that beautiful thought of the poet who said "But tickle the soil and it laughs with a harvest." Even now, in this, the Tidewater section of Virginia, three and four crops are produced annually, and under the improved methods of scientific and intensive farming, combined with modern machinery, to all of which farmers are becoming rap- idly educated, the possibilities of this soil can not be estimated or exaggerated. As a resort both in Summer and in Winter, Norfolk has become an important factor, with Old Point, Ocean View. Vir- ginia Beach and Cape Henry, her suburbs superbly equipped in every respect for entertainment and with beaches and surf unsurpassed anywhere. For the investor of idle capital, no better opportunity presents itself than in the real estate within and surrounding Norfolk: for not a foot of the land but must speedily double in value with the continual influx of population and the de- mands for home and business sites. The advantages anrl inducements for manufacturing in- dustries are manifold. With the raw material near at hand, cheap fuel and power, no lack of labor and unexcelled trans- portation facilities, both rail and water, the commercial des- tinv of this thriving eitv has been forecast by the prophets of Page 9 Virginia Beach Casino. ** Jife ■3"'f^»*« ■yjt f^ ■ -sr Bathing at Virginia Beach. iiuviiiiiiiiimi' Page 10 Within 24 hours by rail and water of twenty millions of people. industry in no uncertain terms. The brightest star on the horizon of coming prosperity is the approaching completion of the Panama Canal, and if Norfolk does not reap a golden harvest through this tremendous artery of trade, it will be the fault of those who are blind to opportunity and profligate of talent. / Geographically, almost centrally located, with waterways «' /Communicating with the limits of the earth, and with railroads connecting the most distant points by land, these great an- The Monticello Hotel. tennae of commerce feel their way and gather in all the de- sirable products home and abroad, and stretching forth, reciprocally yield of the varied fruits of this semi-tropical paradise^ The health of this climate needs no confirmation further than a glance at the registry books of Norfolk's hotels both Winter and Summer to see the names of the aristocratic and wealthy of the land who seek in this climate a surcease from their usual career and a refuge, in quiet and conserva- tive social intercourse, from the strenuous and fatiguing tur- moil with which thev are usuallv environed. Page 11 Ocean View Hotel. / 1 » * mMmm r^- Bathing at Ocean View. Page 12 The Building Operations in Norfolk in 1900, amounted to $95,800.00; in 1913, they amounted to $3,093,429.00. The hotels, with no other resources than their God-given environment, in the game of the forests and streams and the fruits of the soil, can with satiety cater to the epicures of the Avorld. rile Lorraine Hotel. For recreation and amusement, Norfolk has her theatres, which, in structure and convenience, stand second to none, and which engage only the first talent of the stage for the theat- Page 13 4 ,1 Page 14 Fertilizer is manufactured and manipulated here to the extent of 300,000 tons annually, valued at $6,000,000. rical season, while within less than an hour's pleasant ride are Old Point Comfort, Ocean View, Virginia Beach and Cape Henry, most famous among seaside resorts for the sojourner for pastime or the seeker for health, either in Summer or Win- ter. For those of sporting inclinations, she offers golf links, race courses, and an unlimited field for rod and gun. The marshes, easily accessible, teem with water-fowl, and the waters swarm with fish, both of world-renowned delicacy. Educationally her facilities are far superior to those of manv larger cities, and are far in advance of the demands pvdtf Submarines in Dry Dock. of her present population. The public schools compare favor- ably with those of any city in the country, maintaining a high standard in every branch. Many private preparatory schools of efficiency, a practically free mechanics institute and public night schools afford ample opportunity for ambitious students. y Here, known as the Norfolk Navy Yard, though located y across the river, and adjacent to the sister city of Portsmouth, '' have been constructed some of the most famous ships in the history of the Republic, and as a construction and repair Page IS I ^ , n Page 16 In 1913, there were exported from Norfolk, $16,637,616 worth of products, and the value of imports amounted to over $2,500,000. plant, labor is furnished to thousands. It is approached by a thirty-five foot channel from the sea and its dry-docks can ac- commodate the largest ships in the Navy. In the Berkley Ward of Norfolk is situated the St. Helena Naval Training Station, the second in importance in the country, where many hundred recruits are in daily drill to fit them for first class seamanship duty. The United States Government recognizes this Naval Station as the most important, taken generally, on the Atlantic coast, by reason -of its strategic value, its pro- tected location and its most favorable health and climatic con- ditions, and as an evidence of this recognition, has an invest- ment of $15,000,000 in buildings and equipment. In this is in- cluded a Naval Hospital, for which additional plans are being prepared, the accomplishment of which will make it the fore- most Naval health centre in the world. In equal proximity is Cape Henry, a point of intense his- torical interest, where preparations are being made by the Government to construct a fortress which will be equipped to defend the entrance to Chesapeake Bay, and which, from its importance, guarding, as it will, the 'National Capital and all the cities and communities on the Bay and its tributaries, is designed to be the Gibraltar of the Western Continent. Leaving Norfolk by water, all lines cross the historic ground of the conflict between the Virginia and the Monitor, the result of which changed the marine architecture of all navies,,,,^.^ — All the above are points of interest, easily accessible from the City, and all well worth visiting. Endowed by nature as a harbor of safety from storms. equally blessed. by nature with a soil and a climate that are wedded for procreation, Norfolk stands alone and uniquely independent of tli.e rest of the coui^try, for it has been said, and without contradiction, that were she cut off from the rest of the world, within the confines of her environment exists suf- ficient resource to supply her people with every necessity and every reasonable luxury. Page 17 'ii^u>^»»^M/l i Page 18 KO,* X ' ..^Over 300,000 excursionists visit Norfolk every year, a good many settle here. Her adjacent territory possesses forests that contain not only pine, but every known hard-wood save those of the tropics. She is in touch with mines of coal, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, zinc, and even the diamond has been found in limited quantities. Here, even tropical vegetation when tried has found in the soil an adaptable and life-giving foster mother, so that really the possibilities of the country are yet unknown, and her development yet in a state of embryo. Carnegie Public Library. With this brief and all inadequate introduction to Nor- folk and its territory, the stranger is invited to come and seek for himself the confirmation of these claims, for the half has not been told, nor is it possible for tongue or pen to do jus- tice to a theme Avhich requires for satisfactory proof an ocu- lar demonstration. Such awaits every investigator, and Norfolk heartily welcomes him and will cheerfully assist him in his most minute research. Page 19 Page 20 TERSE AND CORRECT FACTS AND FIGURES. TTENTION is invited to the following items as being of intense interest to capital seeking investment, home- seekers desiring residence and labor awaiting employ- ment. Climate, labor and health go hand in hand. CLIMATICALLY. Norfolk's mean annual temperature for the last twenty- one years has been sixty-two and nine-tenths degrees, and the average by months is as follows : January, 42.8 ; February, 49.9 March, 51.7; April, 59.2; May, 65.8; June, 72.6; July, 78.4 August, 80.6; September, 73.9; October, 62.4; November, 60.1 December, 62.5. The heat of the Summer is far less intense because of the counteracting influence of the cool and refresh- ing breezes that blow across the city from off the ocean, and the many ri\'ers and other bodies of water that penetrate and encompass it in every direction. The Winters on the other hand, are moderated by the proximity of the Gulf Stream, which from about this point switches off towards England, and takes to that country the God-given warmth of our sunny land and sea that renders that climate endurable, and but for which influence it would become a frozen and barren waste. TRUCKING AND AGRICULTURAL INTERESTS. The great underlying foundation though, for Norfolk's real wealth and prosperity, and the chief factor in her develop- ment and growth, is the important trucking and agricultural interests carried on in the territory adjacent thereto and of which and for which she is the great central shipping and dis- tributing point. This territory is known as "Tidewater," and includes all that lower part of Virginia bordering upon and reached by the medium of her innumerable water courses and waterways, a part of the Eastern Shore of ^Maryland and that of Virginia, and the rich black lands of the Eastern Carolinas. All this region is in close touch with Norfolk by means of cheap water transportation and by rail where necessary; Page 21 Page 22 The Norfolk Navy Yard is the most important on the Atlantic Coast. Any battle- ship in the world can be dry-docked here. through this city is afforded a quick and ready market for all its produce in the great centers of population reached by the many railroads, steamship and steamboat lines operating to and from it. This great "Garden of Tidewater"- is the most wonderful food-producing region in the country and it sup- Loading Truck for Shipment by Rail to North and West. plies, to a very large percentage of the population in eastern United States the fresh "garden stuffs" and produce that ap- pear upon its tables. This naturally, therefore, is a great and important source of revenue to Norfolk, for most of the money derived from the operation of this great industry is invested and expended in this City. (Write to the Industrial Commission for booklet on Agri- culture and Food Production.) Page 23 Page 24 Norfolk is the foremost peanut market in the world, handling and shipping annually, over 2,000,000 bags. MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL Three Hundred and Fifty Manufacturing Plants, with a capital invested of Twenty Five Million Dollars, employing some thirteen thousand live hundred people, drawing a yearly pay-roll of Five j\Iillion and a Quarter Dollars. Annual sales about Thirty Seven M'-Hion Dollars. Norfolk's manufact'-iring increased nearly one hundred per cent in the years betwt^ nineteen hundred and nineteen thirteen. Norfolk possesses every known advantage in the world for manufacturing purposes, the truth of which be- comes more and more apparent to all those instituting inves- tigation. The successful manufacturing institutions in Norfolk in- clude lumber, saw and planing mills, box-shook factories, ag- ricultural implements, steel doors and fire proof parti- tions, the refining of cotton seed oil and producing there- from many useful products, fertilizer manipulation and manu- facturing, cotton mills, silver plating mills, wine and beer manufacturing, carriages and automobiles, peanut products, veneer and furniture, wire screens, and in fact almost every line of manufacturing industry is represented here and ope- rated with success. The United States Navy Yard located here represents an investment of Ten ]\Iillion Dollars, and gives employment to nearly three thousand men, drawing in pay over Two Million Dollars annually. JOBBING TRADE. Capital invested, about Ten and a Half Million Dollars. Annual sales about Fifty Two and a Quarter Million Dollars. Territory covered, practically all of the South, as far down as Texas. Norfolk's freight rates afford her the opportunity of com- peting successfully with Baltimore and other large jobbing centers. Page 25 Page 26 The Health Department of Norfolk is a model from which many larger cities are profiting. It is the healthiest city on the Atlantic Coast. LABOR. NoAv comes the question of labor and the cost of living. Regarding the former, it can be said that whenever a new in- dustry is established in Norfolk, or is about to be established, that has the appearance of being founded upon a sound finan- cial basis with indications of permanency, there immediately appears, and makes application for employment, the kind and class of labor required. This seems to indicate that labor of a high order favors Norfolk as an abiding place, and will locate here if it is assured of permanent employment. The moderate cost of living, in a locality where most of the things that go on the table are produced right at hand, and the ability to secure a pleasantly located, detached home, either by purchase or renting, at a price most reasonable by comparison with other places, has much to do with this. There is, besides this, at all times, an abundance of cheap negro labor to be had. Frequently it is found that in the cities where living ex- penses are lower than the average, it indicates a lack of prog- ress and thrift on the part of the people, and an atmosphere of retrogression. This is not the case in Norfolk, and the rea- son is very simple. On the rich trucking lands adjacent to the City and throughout the Tidewater section of Virginia, there is being grown, at the rate of three or four crops a year, the produce and food stuff that other sections and cities are pay- ing fancy prices for, but which the Norfolk buyer, getting it at first hand, is able to secure at a price that brings it within range of the. most modest purchaser. Then the waters that encompass the city and section in every direction, are teeming with the very best of the finny tribe, while the oysters, clams and crabs therefrom are a never ending joy and delight. To all of this, the forests and meadows are contributing their part in the way of game of all kinds, including the high- ly prized and much sought for \^ald celery fed canvas-back duck, from the back bays below Norfolk, and the Lynnhaven oyster from the immediate vicinity. These then are the rea- sons why the citizen of Norfolk, even though he draws only the modest pay of a workman, is enabled to have upon his Page 27 ! , , i "a J. « i' r-'' ■» y • Page 28 Fish, Oysters and Came shipped from this port, yield an annual revenue of over $3,000,000. table at all times, the very best products from land and sea, purchased at a price lower than that paid in other places for in- ferior food stuffs. FINANCIAL. Fourteen Banks, State and National, in operation, with a capital and surplus of Seven Million, One Hundred and Sixty Six Thousand, Three Hundred Dollars, with deposits of over Twenty Three ^lillion Dollars, and clearing in 1913 Two Hun- Merchants & Mechanics Savings Bank. Page 29 ,^ -^ir "p National Bank of Commerce Building. The Home of the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce. Page 30 The harbors of Norfolk, Portsmouth and Hampton Koads will accommodate the floating commerce of the world. dred and Twenty One Million. Eight Hundred and Twenty- Thousand, Five Hundred Dollars. A high rating in the important financial centres of the country; which greatly facilitates the securing of loans for substantia] industrial undertakings. Norfolk National Bank. TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES. ^ ^'^ One hundred and ninety three miles of up-to-date trolley lines. Eight great trunk lines, representing a trackage of forty two thousand miles, terminate at Norfolk on deep water. Page 31 Page 32 The aggregate population of Norfolk and the cities and towns within 20 miles, is over 200,000. A Belt Line Railway crosses over and connects these trunk lines, affording exceptional f'acilites for freight trans- shipment and manufacturing purposes. Six foreign steamship lines and twenty six coastwise and river lines operating and reaching out in every direction and supplying daily connection with all the great centers of com- mercial activity. Because of the magnificent waterways and the ample rail New Pier of Norfolk & Washington Steamboat Co. facilities of "Tidewater," practically every section thereof can be reached from Norfolk by one of these forms of transporta- tion. Travel to and from Norfolk and most other eastern points is made unusually comfortable because of the fact that in most Pace 33 Page 34 Police protection is unsurpassed, and there is less crime in Norfolk than in any seaport city of its size in the country. cases the trip cau be made by water and as all will agree, travel by water is always to be desired, especially when it is by routes made interesting by history and tradition. The eight lines of railway'- entering and terminating at this point afford facilities also for reaching these cities and in addition every other city and section of the country, by the means of the most modern and up-to-date train service ; and then the erection of the new Union Terminal Station has great- ly facilitated the handling of trains and passenger traffic. New Union Depot. For handling of freight, trans-shipped between rail and water at this point, the City is working out a plan for the establishing at some convenient point in the harbor, public docks and warehouses. These docks are to be connected with the Belt Line Railway, thus affording convenient access to them for the several lines of railway operating to and from this port. These public docks will be owned and operated by the city and only a minimum charge will be made for dockage and storage of freight. These docks will mean the handling of much Panama liusiness at this port. Page 35 Interior of Union Depot. WATER FRONT AND WATER COURSES. A thirty five foot channel to the Ocean. Five miles of developed v^ater front and twenty-five more available for deep water development. Perfect drainage is afforded the City by her waterways which penetrate in every direction. The City's residential sections are beautified and made more attractive and comfortable by the waterways that have their courses through all the most desirable portions of the City. In Summer, cooling breezes are wafted over the City from the river and its estuaries in the one direction and the Ocean in the other, and in Winter they also have a moderating in- fluence, and severe cold is almost unknown. The fish, oysters and crabs from her waters mean an an- nual revenue of about Three Million Dollars to the City, and the waterborne commerce in the harbor in Nineteen Hundred and Twelve was Twenty Eight Million Tons, representing a value of over Five Hundred and Fifty Million Dollars. Page .36 OTHER THAN COMMERCIAL, NORFOLK'S SHOWING IS JUST AS GOOD. HE has one hundred and thirty-one churches, six social clubs, thirty fraternal orders, educational facilities equal to any in the Country, many modern hotels, and six theatres and places of amusement, one hundred and three acres of public parks, and seven resorts within one hour's ride by trolley or boat. In fact Norfolk is becoming an important objective point for tourists. It would be folly to attempt to enumerate all of her at- tractions, but to sum it up, Norfolk is a good place to come to and live in, for her social charms and commercial advan- tages are exceptional. Repair Yard for Yachts in the Hague. Page 37 Page 38 OLD ST. PAUL'S. THE building mn\ known as St. Paul's Church is one hundred and seventy five years old. Elizabeth River Parish was established in 1637, and embraced all the territory now^ included in Elizabeth River, Ports- mouth and St. Bride's parishes, (Norfolk, Portsmouth and Berkley) and the Parish Church was built at "]\Ir. Sewell's Point.'' In 1640-1 a church was erected on the present site of St. Paul's. This Church was for the convenience of those who lived some distance from the Parish Church, and was called a "Chapel of Ease." After the abandonment of the Parish Church the "Chapel of Ease" was known as the Parish Church. This building served its purpose for nearly a hundred years. In 1739 — the date is shown in raised brick on the south transept wail — the present building was erected. It was known as the "Borough Church," Norfolk having been incorporated as a borough in 1736. The building is cruciform, its architec- ture is pure, and the walls are of unusual thickness. On New Year's Day, 1776. Lord Dunmore opened a heavy cannonade on Norfolk, and "the town was entirely destroyed by fire, the walls of St. Paul's alone remaining standing." A cannon ball imbedded in the southern wall of St. Paul's is an interesting reminder of the day. In 1832 the building, after a period of disuse, was repaired and consecrated as "St. Paul's Church." During the Civil War it was occupied by the Federal forces from 1862 to 1865. In 1901 a tower was erected and in 1909 a parish house w^as built. In 1913 the interior was restored. The best models were carefully studied, and it is believed that the interior now corresponds in appearance and effect with those walls which have stood unaltered for nearly two centuries. Page 39 Page 40 CO CD CD CO CO CD :C ;D CO I _-^H-.— OOOOO WtO*-*OcDCO-JOCJi ""JOOOiCnbOt— 'OOtOO )cOO>— Oi^li^OOiOO O ^-4 00 M COtO woo CJi Oi Oi ^O ^J to rf*. 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Oi CO 00 I— ' OCOOOGCCO^JOi— '^lrf*-COH-4^ csooos^-c/" ejicoeo^t^tOhfr*— 'O GCOCCn«— 'I— 'rf^CSOi-^lcOcO-t-en COCOtOf**.COGO**lOCncOt*»-rfi-QO cc— •^--JCDOscO»--tO00<— »ento o bs*:z;lD*t*toj^boco»-'Cobsco COCnt— •OOtOCOQO-^ICOODtOtOCO l^'S d-w o c TJk- 3 '!' 0-p S'lr m DO > ;?^ o z o Tl O r Page 41 6161 vessels entered and cleared in 1912, with a net registered tonnage of 12.056,361 tons. The Royster -i. .viing — i Page 42 THE NORFOLK NAVY YARD. wm H' ERE is introcliu-ed a sketch sliowijjg in combination the present lay-out of the Norfolk Navy Yard, and the plan of development recently recommended by a lioard of Naval Officers thoroughly conversant with the situation. This plan is the more interesting because of the proposition now before Congress to establish on this coast, at the most favorable point, a dry-dock capable not only of handling any warship now afloat, but providing for years of ultimate growth. As to its location at Norfolk, no higher recommendation should be needed than the following quota- tion from the report of a Naval Board in 1869, reading as fol- lows : "It is, though near the sea. as inaccessible to attack as if it were far inland, possessing every advantage required for de- fense by land and sea, and by its exterior and interior lines of defense. Its situation is healthy, in a temperate climate, in the sea air, and on a firm, sandy soil." These natural conditions still prevail, being enhanced how- ever by all the additional advantages due to the years of scientific progress made since the report of 1869. With the present defenses of the port of Hampton Roads, together with the proposed fortification of the Capes of Virginia, the Navy Yard located here Avill possess strategic advantages unequaled in this country. Apart from such protection this Yard is in good communication both by rail and water with manufactur- ing and supply centers, and is capable of furnishing at short notice, sufficient coal, fuel, oil, provisions, and other supplies for naval vessels. Nearly 50,000 miles of rail trackage con- nect this harbor -with the principal material-supply depots in the country. It is now recognised as the great clearing house of the fleet for coal, oil, ammunition and stores. In close prox- imity is located the magazine at St. Juliens, where enormous quantities of ammunition are prepared, assembled and stored. Immediately opposite the yard is located one of the largest oil- shipping and storage plants on the coast. In conjunction with the yard, the St. Helena Training Station, one of the best main- tained by the Government, handles about -42% of the seamen apprentices qualifying for naval service. All of these facts have been brought out by Army and Navy experts — the men upon Page 43 38 Public Schools, 360 Teachers, and 11,700 Pupils. Buildings, Grounds and Equip- ment valued at $1,300,000. Unsurpassed educational advantages. Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Building. Page 44 whose judgment is based the expenditure of millions upon mil- lions of money yearly by the Government^ and who have re- ported, almost unanimously, in favor of this harbor as the most advantageous location I'oi- the proposed new dry-dock for the Atlantic Coast. There is now a channel 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide (soon to be increased to 600 feet) from the Capes of Virginia, through the harbor of Norfolk-Portsmouth, to the Navy Yard, and the present project, when completed, will increase the channel width at the yard to 850 feet, which is ample for any ship in the Navy, or soon to be constructed, to be handled in. Norfolk and Portsmouth Cotton Exchange. The availability of this Navy Yard is evidenced by the fact that in the year 1913, there were more ships docked here than in any other two navy yards on this coast. The climate admits of out-of-door labor every day in the year, labor is abundant when required, and such a condition as this harbor or its approaches being blocked by ice is un- known. These facts, easy of corroboration, should leave no doubt in any mind of the supreme importance of this port as a naval base. Acknowledgment is made to Hon. E. E. Holland, M. C. from this District, for valuable information used in this article. Page 45 :?#^:|f|i M M -^^. . ---- "- -^*^_r-.fiVj| - r**?' "'^"■Biiii^l pi^'/'ter.%v 1 ^^ ^^^s^mmssi^^ r 1 If „ /^ i^^.^ " Lee Park. School Children in Lafayette Park. Page 46 The Fire Department of Norfolk is strictly up-to-date with motor equipment, caus- ing low fire insurance averages. TRANSPORTATION LINES ENTERING NORFOLK AND HOW TO REACH THEM. NEW YORK, PHILADELPHIA & NORFOLK R. R. (Pennsylvania R. R. System.) CHESAPEAKE <^^ OHKJ RY. CO. NORFOLK tD3a 3JOWIS ;WJ.M .T1 ar.MTisi PROPOSED PLAN OP NORFOLK TERMINAL DEVELOPEMENT NORFOLK'S PROPOSED TERMINAL DEVELOPMENT. Wm. F. R. Gnffith, President Doclc & Belt Line Commission. T' HE accompanying sketch shows the proposed municipal ^ terminal development at Xorfollv. It is necessary to ^^^ present the problem as a whole in order that its ulti- mate scope and purpose may be understood. We realize that such a terminal development must be a gro^vth rather than a creation, and that as it develops it must be made to serve existing needs as well as to anticipate those Coal for biiiiJiiU'iU Omt \ irnuiiaM Itailuay Tiers. of the future, that established uses may not be suddenly termi- nated; and, finally that the cost shall neither be burdensome upon the city nor upon the railroad companies who may be •called upon to co-operate in forming a union water terminal by the construction of a belt line railroad to connect with said terminal. Page 63 *""^ r .OM fl3tq . -.,■ ifh 1 r OM sua ■ w!. » -.«- 1 "^ T !ojr B3IR -n i -"""' — ~ "^ \ \ KCt ~'' --T- - ».OM Rsm 1 jl . aawnAHO er raa-^ aosr > ».OM «3m o.oM sue f V T.OM fl3R Y^ NORFOLK'S PROPOSED TERMINAL DEVELOPMENT. Wm. P. R. Griffith, President Dock & Belt Line Commission. T~~~^ HE accompanying sketch shows the proposed municipal ^ terminal development at Norfolk. It is necessary to ^^ present the problem as a Avhole in order that its ulti- mate scope and purpose may be understood. We realize that sueli a terminal development must be a groAVth rather than a creation, and that as it develops it must be made to serve existing needs as well as to anticipate those Coal for Sliipimiit Omt \nuinia:i !;ailua> Tiers. •of the future, that established uses may not be suddenly termi- nated; and, finally that the cost shall neither be burdensome upon the city nor upon the railroad companies who may be •called upon to co-operate in forming a union water terminal by the construction of a belt line railroad to connect with said terminal. Page 63 Page 64 Norfolk is the peer of any city in the United States as a combination Summer and Winter health resort. Changes will be made slowly, and the conversion of the present inadequate terminals into one such as is contemplated will proceed by successive steps. In seeking a solution, the city and the railroads must make haste slowly. The necessary factors at present are: The most desirable location to place the terminal, the location of the con- necting belt line, and its terminal float bridges for transferring cars to and from the ear floats and the belt line railroad. Raleigh Court Apartment. The policy of the railroads until now has been to secure, each for itself, needed facilities without regard to others. Adequate organization on the Norfolk side of the Eastern Branch of the Elizabeth River, including a belt line railroad connection, can only be obtained through mutual co-operation and concession. The force of developing circumstances is such that the roads cannot much longer follow their old separate policy. St. Louis has a joint freight terminal; Chicago is building one : New Orleans, San Francisco and ^Montreal are Page 66 The Virginia Club. Page 66 Norfolk is the home of the Lynnhaven Oyster, the Smithfield Ham and the Princess Anne Turkey. operating dock railroads. The city will always exercise a large degree of control over its waterfront, in spite bf long term and Town Point leases — which will ultimately fall in — and it is by permitting a substantial part of the marginal way to be used for temporary storage of cars — which will not be much longer possible — so it is clear that the city holds in reserve powers of persuasion which cannot he disregarded. Holland Apartment. It is said that the railroads themselves will take care of their own development, and since their interest is identical with the shipper, the question of handling freight traffic will be solved properly if the municipal authorities will assist in a liberal spirit. Norfolk has done everything in its power to show a liberal spirit towards the railroads and it is doubtful if the railroads themselves will be able to work out the terminal problem. As noted above, their general policy heretofore has been opposed to co-operation. Furthermore, if they are disposed to do so, Page 67 Page 68 Upon the completion of facilities now under construction, this will be the largest coal port in the world. Present annual shipments of coal, over 12,000,000 tons. it is a question whether thc}^ will be able to provide for the future in an adequate manner without the city's help, since changes of city plan can best be undertaken for a number of roads rather than for individual roads. The interests of the roads are not identical with those of the shipper. It is comparatively immaterial to them liow long Pelham Place Apartment. the cars wait at the waterfront ; since if the boat does not re- ceive the freight today, they will receive demurrage on their ear as long as it remains there. It might be noted parenthetically that neither are the shippers especially interested, since they all bear the burden alike, and the out of town merchant foots the bill for exas- perating delays and excessive terminal expenses. In the last anah^sis, it is apparent that the city's commerce rather than any particular individual sufl'ers. However, notwithstanding these facts, the following is a sumraarv of the commercial growth of Norfolk Harbor: Page 69 Page 70 A safe and commodious harbor, land-locked and never ice-boond. Peculiarly free from atmospheric disturbances, and exempt from storm-havoc by reason of protected location. In 1888 the commerce amounted to approximately 2,000,000 tons. In 1900 the commerce amounted to approximately 5,000.000 tons. In 1910 the commerce amounted to approximately 12,000,000 tons. In 1911 the commerce amounted to approximately 16.000,000 tons. In 1912 commerce estimated at 22.000,000 tons. Vendome Apartment. It would seem safe to say that with the city and railroads working in co-operation to build up the port of Norfolk, in 1915 the tonnage should exceed the 35,000,000 ton mark. There are no richer farm lands in the world than immediately around Norfolk. Page 71 View of Ghent, The Principal ill 1 1 III [MiLiiUi Naval Y. M. C. A. The Gift of Miss Helen Gould and Jno. D. Rockefeller. Page 72 Residential Section of Norfolk. The New Y. M. C. A. Erected and Equipped by Popular Subscription. Page 73 f-'W^ Page 74 Seven Seaside Resorts within one hour's ride by trolley or boat. POINTS OF INTEREST IN AND AROUND NORFOLK AND HOW TO REACH THEM. PORTSMOUTH, VA. U. S. NAVY YARD. ST. HELENA RESERVATION. U. S. MARINE HOSPITAL. OLD ST. PAUL'S CHURCH. LAFAYETTE PARK. CAPE HENRY AND VIRGINIA BEACH. OCEAN VIEW AND WILLOUGHBY BEACH OLD POINT COMFORT. (FORT MONROE) BUCKROE BEACH. HAMPTON. VA. ('Nationnl Soldiers' Homo. Normal School.) NEWPORT NEWS, VA. ^N. N. Shipbuilding & Drvdock Plant.) Ferry every 8 minutes from foot of Commercial Place. Ferry to Portsmouth and trolley to Navy Yard Gate. Time, 20 minutes. Government ferry from Navy Yard. Ferry to Portsmouth and trolley Trolley to corner of Church and Cove Sts. Trolley via Church Street. Norfolk Southern R. R. from City Hall Ave. and Union Station as per schedule. Time 45 min- utes. Trolley at frequent intervals from corner Main and Granby Sts. Time 40 minutes. (1) Trolley to Willoughby Spit and Ferry across Hampton Roads Time 1 hour. Cor. Main and Granby. (2) Steamers of 0. D. S.S. Co., Chesapeake S. S. Co., Old Bay Line, N. Y. P. & N. R. R., Norfolk & Washington Line ev- ery afternoon. Trolley from Old Point Comfort. fl) Trolley from Old Point on Wharf. (2) 0. D. S. S. Steamer direct. Time 1 hour and a quar- ter. 1) Trolley from Old Point Com- fort. (2) Trolley to Pine Beach and ferrv across Hampton Roads. (3) Steamers of 0. D. S. S. Co. and C. ^ 0. Ry Co. Norfolk is the Mecca for seekers of homes, pleasures and sports. Page 75 »ti I Page 76 Trolley service i lip to date. Miles of line in 1880, 3; in 1913, 197. NORFOLK, VA., FRO] DISTANCE AND TIME T M. Place Miles. Hours Place Miles. Hours Asheville, N. C. 446 19:00 Knoxville, Tenn. 539 17:50 Atlanta, Ga. 578 22:15 Lexington, Va. 280 10:20 Baltimore, Md 244 8:05 ' Louisville, Ky. 728 23:30 Birmingham, Ala. 745 27:00 Lynchburg, Va. 204 6:15 Boston, Mass. 579 19:35 Memphis, Tenn. 963 32:50 Bristol, Va. 408 13:30 Macon, Ga. 892 28:20 Charlotte, N. C. 348 13:20 New York, N. Y. 345 12:05 Charlottesville, Va. 182 8:00 Petersburg, Va., 82 2:25 Charleston, S. C, 391 13:45 Philadelphia, Pa. 255 9:22 Chattanooga, Tenn, , 650 20:50 Pittsburgh, Pa. 506 17:05 Chicago, 111., 950 27:30 Raleigh, N. G. 175 6:55 Cincinnati, Ohio 668 19:00 Richmond, Va. 88 2:20 Cleveland, Ohio. 932 27:00 Roanoke, Va. 258 7:55 Columbus, Ohio. 682 22:15 St. Augustine, Fla. 705 20:20 Columbia, S. C. 457 16:20 St. Louis, Mo., 1007 29:00 Danville, Va. 207 8:25 Savannah, Ga. 506 15:00 Detroit, Mich. 931 29:50 Staunton, Va. 221 9:30 Edenton, N. C. 84 2:25 Suffolk, Va. 23 :40 Eliz. City, N. C. 53 1:25 Tampa, Fla., 928 30:35 Femandina, Fla. 713 20:40 Toledo, Ohio 871 27:40 Indianapolis, Ind. 778 24:50 Washington, D. G. 204 5:35 Jacksonville, Fla. 678 19:20 Wilmington, N. C. 245 10:00 The above information is but the following points showr water direct from Norfolk. Boston, New York, Balti Petersburg, Elizabeth City anc compiled on an all-rail basis, L above can also be reached by more, "Washington, Richmond, I Suffolk. Page 77 Page 78 wm^mik:. -a .2 Page 79 Post Office receipts in 1909. $295,900; in 1912, $361,025; in 1913, $388,391. One of Norfolk's Public Schools. Norfolk Academy. Page 80 The seaside resorts of Ocean View, Virginia Beach, Cape Henry and Old Point Comfort are unequalled between New Jersey and Florida. Ghent Club. The Representative Hebrew Social Club. -ii^S^i^SSiHtiai^A^^ The Country Club, on Lafayette River. Page 81 Page 82 The manufacturing industries of Norfolk Rive employment to over 14,000 people. The U. S. Navy Yard employs 3,000 more. Commercial Place, Looliing Towards Portsmouth. There is an average temperature which makes Norfolk rank high as both a Winter and Summer resort. Average of seasons. Spring, 57; Summer, 76; Autumn, 61, and Winter, 42 degrees. Page 83 TABLE OF DISTANCES BETWEEN PANAMA AND MID- DLE WESTERN POINTS THROUGH GULF AND ATLANTIC COAST PORTS. From Rail Distance Plus Distance To Miles From Panama Total Norfolk Chicago 950 2772 St. Louis 1004 1822 2826 Cleveland 844 2666 Cincinnati 665 2487 Boston Chicago 1180 3365 St. Louis 1287 2185 3472 Cleveland 802 2897 Cincinnati 984 3169 New York Chicago 945 296^ St. Louis 1052 2017 3069 Cleveland 577 2594 Cincinnati 749 2766 Philadelphia Chicago 860 2849 St. Louis 947 1989 274& Cleveland 492 2481 Cincinnati 644 2653 Baltimore Chicago 859 2803 St. Louis 932 1944 2876 Cleveland 514 2458 Cincinnati 593 2537 Galveston Chicago 1299 2831 St. Louis 1008 1542 2550 Cleveland 1448 2990 Cincinnati 1185 2727 New Orleans Chicago 1121 2559 St. Louis 724 1438 2162 Cleveland 1099 2537 Cincinnati 836 2274 Mobile Chicago 1054 2473 St. Louis 657 1419 2076 Cleveland 1032 2451 Cincinnati 769 2188 Jacksonville Chicago 1168 2727 St. Louis 975 1559 2534 Cleveland 1217 2776 Cincinnati 954 2513 Savannah Chicago 1097 2703 St. Louis 804 1606 2410 Cleveland_ 1146 2752 Cincinnati 883 2489 Charleston Chicago 1198 1607 2805 St. Louis 1007 2614 Cleveland 1247 2854 Cincinnati 984 2591 The above table shows comparative distances from Pana- ma through Atlantic and Gulf Ports to the main distributing centers of the I\Iiddle West. It will be seen that the greater rail distances from Norfolk to the West are more than of¥-set bv the lesser water distances from Panama, and vice versa. Page 84 RETURN CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT TO^-^202 Main Libraix LOAN PERIOD HOME USE 4 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS DUE AS STAMPEDlaaW MAR 14 1986 3/i^ir % »^-'^ J 4 l;Cy UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY FORM NO. DD6, 60m, 1 /83 BERKELEY, CA 94720 \ ®* _A GENERAL LIBRARY - U.C. BERKELEY BD0Q7TETMD 287(^78 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY, BERKELEY THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW Books not returned on time are subject to a fine of 50c per volume after the third day overdue, increasing to $1.00 per volume after the sixth day. Books not in demand may be renewed if application is made before expiration of loan period. MAR 21 1923 FFi^ 19 1945