A A! I 01 01 9 I 4 I 01 3 i 4 i = # almudie ifornia ^n IQ THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES TALMUDIC SAYINGS SELECTED AND ARRANGED UNDER APPROPRIATE HEADS. REV, HENRY COHEN, GALVESTON, TEXAS w CINCINNATI AND CHICAGO. THE BLOCH PUBLISHING AND PRINTING COMPANY. COPYRIGHT 1894, Rev. Henry Cohen, ALL RIGHTS RFSERVED. cJC.y^i^0\ TO THE REV. JOHN CHAPMAN, formerly of Jews' Hospital, Lower Norwood. LITTLE work iS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. • Let the fear oi thy iustnietor be as the fear of Heaven." PiRKE ABOTH. 209500? IT PREFACE. Believing that little is known of the Tal- mud (313 B. C.-498 C. E.) by English-speaking people, I have ventured to compile these few hundred quotations. To many thousands of Jews and Christians, the Talmud is hut a name, and, in these busy times when one who is not a Rabinic student, can hardly hope to drink deeply at the fountain of Talmudic lore, a collection of maxims, proverbs and sayings from the Talmud — characteristic of that whole stupendous work — is not out of place. A glance through these pages will at once show the })urity of Jewish moral teachings, and bring home to the uninitiated, some of the beauties of Jewish Ethics. The work consists strictly of Talmudic sayings, as the title states; no specific com- mands of the Pentateuch, or proverbs of the VI. hagiographists fiiKl :i i)lace tlierein. The traiis- latrons are as literal as consonant with the l)ro})er use of tlie English language — a free rendition being given when the exact transla- tion of the quotation would sound strangely, or be entirely incomprehensible to those un- acquainted with the manners, customs and en- vironment of the editors of the Talmud. As will be seen, the subjects are alphabetically arranged. The *' headings " are as comprehensive as the general run of Quotation -book titles usually are. In two instances, and for reasons which are obvious, the same text has been ])laced under two captions. It needs but a short acquaintance with the book to enable the reader to locate exactly an approi)riate saying for any subject that he may wish to illustrate. For special English renditions, I have laid under contribution tin; following works, whose authors and publishers I parlitiularly wish to thank. " Tracts of the Association for the VII. Dittusiou of Religious Knowledge," "The Three- fold Cord " (Rev. B. Spiers'), " Literary Remains of Emanuel Deutch," and " Der Wahre Talmud- jude " (Albert Katz), translated into English by the undersigned. Henry Cohen. Galveston, Texas, October 1894. CONTENTS. Page. Adversity, ... - - 1 Agriculture, - - - - 2 Anger, - - - - - ••" ^ Appearances, . . . . 4-5 Benevolence, . - - - - 6-7 Charity, ----- 8-9 Cleanliness, ----- Commerce, ----- 10-11 Companionship, - - - ■ 12-lo Conduct, ----- 14-15 Contentment, . - - - - 16 Cruelty, ----- 17 Damage, ----- 18 Death, ----- 19-20 Deceit, ------ 21 Discord, ----- 22 Enmity, ----- 22 Example, ----- 23 Fellow-Creature, - ■ - - 24-2.) Filial Affection, - - - - 26 Flattery, - - - - L'7 Friendship, ----- 28 Future Life — Immortiility, - - 29 God— Holy Law, - - - 30-31 Guilt, 32 Haughtiness, sec Pride, - - - (iS Home, ------ 33 Honesty, ----- 33 Honor, ------ 34 Hospitality, - - - - 35 Humility, - - . . - 36 Hypocrisy, ----- 3(3-37 Idleness, - . - . . 37 Ignorance, see Knowledge, - - 4(1 to 48 Immortality, see Future Life, - - 21) Ingratitude, . - . . 38 Insolence, ..... 38-39 Instruction, - - - - 39 to 43 Justice, .----. 44-45 Knowledge— Ignorance, - - - 4(1 to 4S Life, ------ 49-50 Loans, ... - - 51 Love, -.-..- 52 xr. >rarriiii?t'. - - - " " MiTcy, - - ■ " ' Moderation, ... - 5 Modesty, Old Age— Youth. Parental Duties. Passion, - Patriotism. - Peace, Prayer, Pride — Haughtiness, I'ase. 52 to 55 56 58 Oaths— Vows, - - - - ''^''^O 60 61 62 63 64 Penury, see Poverty, - - ' o'^ Poverty— Penury. - - - - ^''^ ()6-67 68' Pu))lic Opinion, - - - - ()9 Recompense— Revenge, - - - "0 Religion, ----- d Repentance. - • • " " '- Reproof, - - - " " '^ 74 70 Resignation, - - - - - Revenge, see Recompense. Riches, ------ 75 Righteousness. - - - " "6 XTI. Robbery. Usury, Pnge. 77 Secrecy, - - - " " '^ Silence, see Speech, - - - - /9 Sin, ------ 80 Slander, see Speech. - - - " 82-83 Slaveholding, . - - - 81 Speech— Slander, - - - - i^'2-^^ Temptation, - - - " 8"* Q I Testimony, - - - " ■ ""* Tolerance. ----- ^'"^ Truth, ------ Usefulness. ----- '"^ 86 88 Vows, see Oaths. - - - - -''^-O*^ Wisdom. ----- ^'-^-''^ Wnrk. ..... e not jirovoked to anger, and tliou wilt not sin. He who gives way to anger in oi'der to revenge himself upon anyone, destroys his own liouse. :!. ■•k -A- ITe whom it is diflienlt to {)rovoke to anger, hut easy to pacify, is i)ious ; hut he wlio is easil}' provoked, and with difficulty pacified, is wicked. ^ He who curl)s his wrath merits forgiveness for his sins. ^^ The sins of the had-temjjered are grefiter than his merits. ,_^ Anger showeth the character of the man. * '" ■;•! When the wise is angr}' he is wise no longer. ■•k Anger profiteth no))odv. 4 APPEAR A NOES. L(iok not at the Hask, but at its content?. Few are they wiio see tlieir own faults. Judge not tliy neiglibor until thou hast been placed in his position. V: -It The rose grows among thoviis. AFan sees the niott^ in his n(Mgh!)or"s eye, but kuows not of the ])eani in his own. * * One man cats and another says grace. 'rh<' soldiers (iglil, and the kings ai'f heroes. Two pieces of coin in one bag make more noise than a hundred. Unhappy is he who mistakes the branch for tlie tree, the shadow for the substance. Judge everybody favorably. Judge a man by his deeds, and not by liis words. BENEVOLENCE If thou hast cuimnenced a good action, leave it not incoiiijjlete. He who induces his neighljor to perl'oriu a gooil action, shares tlie niei"it. * '" * He wiio performs a single good action, gains f(n- himself an advocate ; he who commits a single sin, procures I'or himself an ac- cuser. Ciood deeds are better than good creeds. Cling steadfastlv to that wliich is uood. Hi- who closes his eyes to hmeficcnce, is equal to an idohitor. The good actions which \vc i)orrorni in this world, tuke shape and meet us in the world to come. :/, Hasten to perform the slightest good deed. ^- Even he who lives upon charit}' should practice henevolence. The true benefactor searches out the i)oor. Be always ready to })erform an act that will be pleasing in the sight of the Lord. The practice of beneficence will assure the main- tenance of one's possessions. Like the tree, man is known by his fruit. Those who perform one precept in this world, will find it recorded to their credit in the world to come. C H A R I T Y. Charity is tlie salt of riches. To lend is often Ijctter than to give, hut to give employment is hetter than either. He gives little who gives much with a frown ; he gives much who gives even little with a smile. Since tlie destruction of the Temple, alms are tiu! only sacrifices that we can offer at the altar of God. lie who gives charity in secret, is greater than Moses. * The pi'articc of cliai'ity is one of the Ihrcc chief virtues of the Israelite. Kindness is the highest h)rni of churity To him who hicks nobility of heart, nobility ot blood is of no avail. CLEANLINESS, Cold water, morning and evening, is better than all cosmetics. • Cleanliness is next to godliness. Keep the body clean ; let thy garments be changed daily, for clean garments honor the wearer. 10 C O ]\I M E R C E . All Israelite is ]n"olii))ited fruiii deceiving even an idolater. Those who nionoi)olize food to increase its price, those who lend money usuriously, or who employ false weights and measures, wound tlie honor of Jacoh, and will l)ring upon themselves the punishment of (uxl. If thy goods sell not in one city, take tht-m to another. He who avoids hi w- suits, frees Iiimself from hatred, rohbery and false swearing. Attend no auctions il tliou li;ist no money. 11 ftlake but uiiu f^ule, and tliuu art called a, merchant. Money belongijig to ()r[)lians should only he invested wlien the chance of gain is greater than tlie chance of loss. Always l)e honest in your trading; if your goods are damaged, acknowledge it. The smallest payment in hand hinds the trade. Credit and mutual trust should he the founda- tion of commercial intercourse. Do not buy stolen goods. 12 COMPANIONS-HIP. A myrtle remains fragrant thongh it grows among thorns. it; Associate not with the wicked man, even if thou canst learn from him. A man without a i)ro[)er comi)anit)n is like the left hand without the right. ■•k * If you toucli i)itch it will stick to your fingers; so, if you associate with evil companions, you will ac(|uirc tiieir vices. Kec)) at a distance from a l)ad neighbor, and associate not wilii a wicked man. •A- If I am 111)1 for myself, who is for me? And if I am for myself ( oiil\- ), what am I ? lie who mixes with tli(3 unclean, Ix'comes un- clean liiinself, he whose associations are pure, hecomes more holy each day. In communicating your sorrows to others always say, " May the Lord protect you from like troubles." Be not moui'nful amongst the joyous, neither rejoice amongst the mournful. He who participates in the sorrows of a com- munity, shall likewise receive the solace of the community. Those that make the sorrowful rejoice, will ])ar- take of life everlasting. Associate with kind-hearted people, and you will become kinddiearted voui'self. 14 C N D U C T. A man may be known by tliree things; by bis conduct in Imsiness, at tal)le, ami wben angry. The ])atli of duty leads to salvation. Keep to the right path ; go not to extremes. Ini|)rove tliyself, then endeavor t«» improve' others. He who strives to improve, will Ix; assisted from a])<)ve. The enn not a blnnisli which is tliiiir own, in detraction of thy neighbor. Do not continually praise your neighl)or: from })raise you may turn to blame. 25 Rejoice not in the f;iults of your neighlxir. Go not into your ncighl)or's house unannounced, lest he be eniban-ased. When your neighbor departs, say, " Depart in peace." % ■t- ■!.■ If your neighbor is sick, pray for him. Do not visit a poor, side man, with empty hands. It is a bounden duty to visit the sick. Birds of a feather liock together; and so with man, like to like. Do not separate thyself from society. He who makes himself Ijelovcd by his fellow- creatures, makes himself acceptable to God. 26 F I T. T A T. A F F ]^ C T I N Great is the child's veneration for its parents; equal in the eye of the Lord as the venera- tion for Himself. The son should stand in the i)resenee of his father. The son can l)e compelled to support the father, and to sup])ly him with life's necessities. Only wIk'u the fatiier attempts to induce the son to commit sin, is disobedience justifiable. 27 F Tv A T T E R Y. Kcc'i) I'ar froiu the llattcrur. The tliitterer is an al>uiiii nation to the Lord. Let nut youf ]ii).s speak that whicli is not in your lieart. Love those who reprove thee, not tliose who flatter thee. The dog foUows tliee lor the crumbs in thy pocket. 28 F R I E N D S H I P. Remind not vour friend of his erstwhile failings. Do not take too many ffiends into thv liouse. Three friends hath a man; God, his mutiier, and his father. Ascend a step in choosing a friend. If you (iiid a friiMid after your own heart, love him honestly and truly. 29 FUTURE LIFE ( I :\[ M RT A LIT Y ) This world is an ante-chamber to tlie next. Pre- pare thyself in the ante-chamber, that thon mayest worthil}^ enter the throne-room. 'k Better one hour's happiness in the next Avorld, than a wliole life of pleasure in this. This world is a world of woi'k, the next, a world of recompense. ■•k He who divorces himself from the pleasures of this world, weds himself to the glories of the next. One man ma}- earn immortality by the work of a few short years, while others oarii it by the Work of a lonii life. 30 GOD — HOLY LAW. The consciousness of God's presence is the great teaching of religion. Know l)efore whom thou stnnde^t. Happy is he, wlio fears God while yet in the prime of life. The fear of God is the talisman which brings us wisdom and knowledge. Fear of God is the centre of morality. * •A- ^A- Everything is in the hanst(M'm hv his fellow-man. Who is Worthy of ii'spect '! lie who respeeteth liiiiisclf. 35 H S P I T A 1. 1 T Y r.et tliy house be ever hos^iitably open, and li't tlie poor ])(! received tlierein. ■k ■k 'k 'J'ho house which opens not to the poor will open to the ph3'sician. Hospitality is an expression of Divine worship. ■k Receive everybody in kindness, and you will be honored and respected. Thy dwelling should ])e a place of gathering for wise people. ^^ 'k ^ The table at which strangers eat, becomes an altar. ,^ =k -k If you intend to entertain twenty i)ersons, always ])rcpare for twenty-five. During eating hours, open your doors, that the needy might enter and partake. 30 H r :\[ I L I T Y. Be Jilwiiys liumble, for the end of the body is corruption. Iviitlier 1)0 thou the tail among lionp, tlian the head among foxes. The Ijasliful man seldom l)ecomes learned, * it He who seeks fame, oft loses it. * He wlio can feel ashamed will not readily do wrong. H vrocRis V. Hypocrites should Ix; unmasked, lest Cod's name he desecrated tlirough them. Put not tliv I rust ill siill waters. 37 If the tliief no longer lias an opportunity to steal, he pretends to be honest. Fear neither the Pharasees not the Sadducees, fear only the hypocrites. IDLENESS. He who passes his life in idleness, is the instru- ment of his own ruin. % * When the woman slumbers, the work-basket falls to the ground. Sleep in the morning, wine at noon, trilling with children, and spending time with the ignorant, shorten a man's existence. 38 INGRATITTDE Tlirow not stones into the well from wiiieh thou hust quenched th}' thirst. He who eats and drinks, hut ))lesses not tlie Lord, is even us he who stealeth. ^^^ut not to iionor the ])hysician until thou tallest sick. * DesjHse not small favors. I N S L E N C E If a man he insolent, it is a sign that lie has heen guilty of transgression. ■i: t- He wlio is insolent tn his tcaclici-, is as if he were insoh'Ut to tln' Kiui'. no Arrogance is a kingdom \vitiiy the breath of scliool children. It is a duty to commence to teach the child as soon as it can talk. Study is one of the three pillars that support the world. The name of the man whose child has devoted itself to science, will never die. A teacher should be relieved of all taxes, except that for digging and Iniilding a public well. It is the duty of the scholar to interest liim- self in the welfare of the place in which he lives. 42 It is right that the wise man should concern himself with the health and life of his fellow-creatures. The scholar should correct the wayward, as well as ex]:)Ound holy writ on Sabhaths and holy days. Th(,' learned nian should judge himself according to his own teaching, and not do anything that he has forbidden others to do. Till' Lord is not with liim, wlio |)ossesses great knowledge but has no sense of :lionl(I not wound, mutilate, or casti- gate himself, in order to be considered a martvr. Self-preservation is a bounden duty. If tlion hast the means, enjoy life's innocent plcasui-es. * The l)est i)reaclier is tlie heart, the hest teaclier is time, the hest hook is the world, tlie best friend is God. The I'niversf! is based U})()n three things: cdn- scienec, justi(,'(^ and pcac^e. Youth is a wreath of roses. 51 r. () A N s . Lend to the poor in the time of tlieir need. ■k " * Never take the clothes of wife or cliihh-on in payment of a deht. If you have taken of a man liis plow or his pillow for d('l)t, rfiturn his plow in the morning and his pillow at night. The possessions of a widow, wliether she be rich oi' ])oor, should not 1)0 ta,ken in pawn. 52 L ^^ E . When love is intense, both find room enough on one liencli ; afterward tliey may find themselves cramped in sixty cubits. Love without rebuke is no love. Love inspired by unworthy motives, dies out when those motives disappear, but love without such motives, never fades. MARRIAGE. It is man's duty to take unto himself a wife. Choose a wife of your own station and ;ige, and thus ;i\()id discord ;nid stiif'. Be careful in the choice of a wife, ami examine your heart well ere you marry. Whoever marries a virtuous Avoman, is blessed by the Lord. He who breaks his marriage vow, must expect his wife to do the same, sooner or later. The wife should not upbraid the husband in the presence of their children. The wife must help the husband by doing housework. The wife should never indulge in idleness. It is the duty of the wife to nurse the child hersel f. 54 Honor your wife aiul you will prosper. He wlio luves liis wife as himself, and respeets her above all others, will have peace in his household. If thy wife he short, stoop down to her and speak. He who has no wife, is not a complete man. He who is unmarried, lives without hai)piness, without religion, without blessing. -y- * Descend a step in choosing thy wife. * ■■I: -1: All llic blessings of a household come thi-ough till' wife, therefore should tlir liushaud honor her. ij.) Men should be ciireful le.st tliey cuuse women to weep, for God eonnts their teiirs. A woman's death is felt by nobody, as by her husband. The cliildren of a man wlio marries for money will jn'ove a curse to him. It is a man's duty to honor his wife's parents, as kis own. Love your wife truly and faithfull}-, and do not compel her to do hard work. Man is born to work, hence it is his bonnden duty to support his wife ajid family, and not depend upon otliers. 56 M E R C V. To deserve mercy, practice mercy. The mercy we to others show, Heaven will show to us. He who has compassion on his fellow-man, is accounted of the offspring of Abraham. He who wishes to l)e forgiven, must forgive others. H;itic(] is sinful, parchni is sweet. M ODER A T I N . Be moderate in all things. When Satan can not come himself, he sends wine as a messenger. The horse fed too freely with oats oft becomes unruly. Drink not to excess, and thou wilt not be led into sin. Eat and drink to live. Live not to eat and drink ; for thus do the beasts. Do not waste 3'our money in luxuries. The sensible man drinks only when he is thirsty. 58 MODES T Y. They who are modest will not easily sin. Who is modest ? He whose condnct in the dark is the same as in the light. Be humble before all men. Modesty prevents discord. Be as lle.Ki))le as a reed and not as hard as a cedar. 59 OATHS — VOWS. Good men ])roniise little and do much ; Avicked men promise much and perform nothing. Do not accustom yourself to use oaths; or you will he led to ])ei'jury. Swear not, even to the truth, unless the court compels you to do so. The world trembles at the sentence : " Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain." The sin of perjury is great. The punishment of perjury falls not only upon the sinner, but upon the family of the one who sins. 60 He wlio allows his neighbor to perjure himself will lose his possessions. To act contrary to a given promise, is a grave breach of trust. OLD AGE — YOUTH. No one can be accounted venerable, unless his old age has purchased wisdom. ■■k Happy is the old age that atones for the folly of youth ! But happier still tlie youth for which old age needs not to blush. He who asks advice of tlu; bearded, will seldom fail ill wiiat he undertakes. * 8ome are old in their youth, otliers young in their old age. Gl P A R E N T A T. D U T I E S , Do not spoil the child hy allowing it to have its own wav. Treat young children carefully. Do not threaten tliem with punishment unless you mean to inflict it. Do not inflict corporal punislanent on grown-up children. It is the duty of the father to support his sons and daughters, until they are thirteen years old, at least. To give one's daughter in marriage to an igno- ramus, is like throwing lier before lions. P A S S T O X . Passion is at first as slender as a spider's web ; l)ut in the end. it becomes like a thick cable. Who is a hero? He who controlleth his passions. Pie that forges arrows, may one day ho killc(l by one of his own arrows. Envy, lust ;ind aniliition takads to the destruction of man. Haughtiness indicates poverty of mind. The proud man suiters torments, the nnulcst, exi)eriences hliss. Pride is a sign of ignorance. lie who hardens his heart with pride, softens his hi-ain with tlie same. •A- ■•/: -* . The prayers of the pi-oml arc nevei- heard. ■■/.■ " v- Despise nolxxly, and you will not he df'Sj)is(Ml. 69 PUBLIC opixrox. The voice of the peoi)le is as the voice of God. Despise not {juIjHc o))iiiion. Whosoever is loved l)y mankind, is also loved ])y the Supreme, hut whosoever is not loved by mankind, is not loved by the Supreme. Sacrifice thy will for others, that they may l^e disposed to sacrifice their will for thee. He wlio fears the opinion of the world more than his own conscience, has but little self-respect. 70 R E C M P E N S E - R E \^ E N G E . Be not as servants who work for wages, Init fultill all your duties without an inter- ested motive. •X- Man receives measure lor measure. The ])hysician who presci'ihes gratuitously, gives a worthless prescrii)tion. As the jjains, so the gains. He who gratilies revenge, destroys liis own house. Misery and remorse art' the chihh'en of revenge 71 R E L Ui 1 N . Religion is the light of the world. Religion makes the niun. He who devotes himself to the mere study of religion, without engaging in Avorks of mercy and love, is like one who has no God. Without religion there can be no true morality. R E P E N T A N C E To him who repeatedly sins, looking forward to penitence to cover his transgression, repentance will avail nothing. * -s- Repentance and good deeds will ward oil pun- ishment, .y. The tears of true repentance are not shed in vain. ;^ W^hen a man has turned away from sin, reproach him no more. :/, Hai)py is he who repents betimes. * -Yr Repent one day before thy death. As the ocean never freezes, so the gates of repentance never close. Thcie is even sonic merit in a resohition to repent. REPROOF. Love tliose who reprove tliee, and hate those who tkitter thee ; foi' reproof may lead tliee to eternal life, Hattery to destruction. Grass dreads the scvthe. He who can not hear one word of re])roof, will have to hear many. The love that shrinks from reproving, is no love. Correct not a man in company, for it will In'ing the blush of shame to his cheek. Every man is not competent to correct his neighbor. 74 RESIGNATION Blessed is he who bears his trials— every one has his share. He who cheerfully submits to suffering, brings salvation to the world. The world will bf judged in righteousness and truth. He who rebels against God's decree will lose his soul's salvation. AVhen misfortune befalls you, examine your con- duct, and acknowledge that God's chastise- ment is just. /•■) RICHES It is not the amount of trade tliat makes the man poor or rich, but honest working and dealing. The rich man does not know but that at some time pove'-ty will come to his children or his grandcliildren. The most worthy crown is a good reputation. To be patient is to have much wealth. 76 R I G H T E O i: S N E S S . The righteous need no moinunent ; their deeds are their monument. When tlie righteous die, they ma\' be considered living ; for their example lives. The rigliteous are even greater in death than in life. * The loss of a pious man is a loss to his whole generation. With the ))ious, God is strict even unto a liair's breadth. Tiie righteous of all nations will enjoy eternal bliss. * * -v.- The pious do everything frt>m love, and even find consolation in their own afllietions. / / ROBBERY. The thief's end is the gallows. * '" * There is no difFerence between the robbery of a Jew, or the robbery of a Gentile; if any, to rob a Gentile is a greater sin than to rob a Jew. One should not buy of a woman suspected of selling without the knowledge of her husband. -* * % The sin of robbery can not be expiated by repentance, nor by the Day of Atonement. Buy nothing from a thief. It is wrong to receive a present from a thief. ,If one finds a marked article he should adver- tise it publicly, so that the owner might recover it. 78 S E C R E C Y Thy secret is thy slave. If thou let it loose, thou becomest its slave. That which man conceals in his innermost chamber, is plain and manifest to the eye of (lod. Pry not into things that are beyond thy ken. Thy friend has a friend, and thy friend's friend has a friend — be discreet. If thou Icllest thy secret to thre(> jx'rsons, ten know it. ■t- * When the wine is in, tlu; secret is out. 70 S T L E X C E — Srk Speech. If silence is becoming to a wise man, liow iniicli more so to a fool. To know when to be silent, is the f-trongost (|iiality in man. If a word spoken in its place is worth one piece of silver, silenci; in its jilace is worth two. Silence is the fence round wisdom. When two men (quarrel, lie who is first silent, is the greater gentleman. 80 SIX Habit strips sin of its enormity. A man commits a sin in secret, God lirings it to light. Sinful thoughts are even more dangerous than sin itself. Sin begets sin. Curse the sin, not the sinner. -A- "Satan," and "Evil inclination," are one and the sanK; thing. The wiser the man, the more careful should he be of his conduct. Ill weeds grow npace ; neglect is their gardener. 81 SLAVEHOLDING Saul obtained the kingdom because he con- sidered the honor of his slaves equal to his own. * Slaves should never be addressed as such, for the name itself is contemptible. Tho' your slave be a Canaanite, it is your duty as an Israelite to treat him humanely, and not break his spirit with hard work. It is your duty to support the slave who was crippled while in your employ. When your slave leaves you, give him as much as vou are able. 82 S P E E C H — S L A \ D E R A word is like milk, which being once drawn from its original source, can never be returned. Rather allow thyself to be reviled, than to revile others. Open not thv month to speak evil. He who changes his word, saying one thing, and doing another, is even as one who serveth idols. To slander is to commit murder. The scod'cr. the liar, tlu; hypocrite, an