GIFT or 
 
 
■I /°m 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2008 with funding from 
 
 IVIicrosoft Corporation 
 
 l^ttp://www.archive.org/details/dictionaryenglisOOstarrich 
 
DICTIONARY, 
 
 ENGLISH AND PUNJABEE, 
 
 OUTLINES OF GRAMMAR, 
 
 ALSO 
 
 DIALOGUES, ENGLISH AND PUNJABEE, 
 
 WITH 
 
 GRAMMAR AND EXPLANATORY NOTES- 
 
 BY CAPTAIN STARKEY, 
 3rd Regt. Sikh Local Infantry, 
 
 ASSISTED BY BUSSAWA SING, JEMADAR. 
 
 CALCUTTA: 
 PRINTED BY D'ROZARIO AND CO., TANK-SQUARE. 
 
 1849. 
 
-^Hj^^ 
 
 s, /I, ruA^t^ 
 

 TO 
 
 THE BENEVOLENT FOUNDER 
 
 OF 
 
 ^Ije flatoitna ^^glum, 
 
 THIS WORK 
 
 IS, WITH MUCH RESPECT AND ESTEEM, 
 
 DEDICATED AND PUBLISHED 
 
 FOR THE BENEFIT OF 
 
 THAT NOBLE INSTITUTION, 
 
 BY 
 
 THB A VTHOB. 
 
 264225 
 
The system of Orthography adopted throughout 
 this work, is exhibited below, and will, it is hoped, assist 
 the reader in the pronunciation of each word. 
 
 Powers of the Vowels. 
 a pronounced as a in woman and adrift. 
 
 a 
 
 ,, 
 
 a 
 
 tar, oar. 
 
 ai 
 
 >> 
 
 ai 
 
 aisle. 
 
 e 
 
 
 e 
 
 bed, red. 
 
 e 
 
 >> 
 
 a 
 
 day, say. 
 
 ee 
 
 5> 
 
 i 
 
 police, or ee in beer. 
 
 i 
 
 >» 
 
 i 
 
 fin, sin. 
 
 6 
 
 
 6 
 
 bone, sown. 
 
 00 
 
 
 00 
 
 book, took. 
 
 GO 
 
 
 00 
 
 wool, moor. 
 
 OU , 
 
 
 OU 
 
 our, sour. 
 
 u J 
 
 
 u 
 
 sun, run. 
 
 ue , 
 
 
 y 
 
 chyle. 
 
 y 
 
 
 y 
 
 first syllable of tyranny 
 
 y 
 
 
 y 
 
 my. 
 
 ya 
 
 
 ya 
 
 yawn. 
 
 ye 
 
 
 ea 
 
 yea. 
 
 yo 
 
 
 yo 
 
 yoke. 
 
 yoo , 
 
 
 OU 
 
 you. 
 
 p 
 
 t 
 
 s 
 
 j 
 
 ch 
 
 h 
 
 d 
 
 z 
 
 r 
 
 sh 
 
 Powers of the Consonants. 
 
 >as in English, 
 has a soft sound, as in tube, and a harsh one, as in tongue. 
 
 as in sm. 
 
 as in judge. 
 
 as in church. 
 
 as h, forcibly expressed. 
 
 has a soft sound, as in due, and a harsh one, a& in dull. 
 
 as in zeal. 
 
 as in river. 
 
 as in shine. 
 
The Double Consonants 
 
 bh, ph, th, d,h, chh, j h, kh, gi, are, says Shakespear on 
 pronunciation, aspirated sensibly but closely expressed as one letter. The 
 late Dr. Gilchrist gives the following examples in his ** Hindoostanee Phi- 
 lology," a-bhor, a-d,here, u-p^hill, chur-ch,hill, nu-thook, mil-k house, 
 do-g,house, or by contracting them thus, b,hor, d.here, t hook, ch^hill, 
 k,hous, g^hous. 
 
 Gutturals. 
 
 kh a peculiar guttural sound, formed with a slight tremulous motion 
 t)f the throat, like the Scottish gh, or the German ch. 
 
 gh pronounced g, uttered in a peculiar manner deeply from the throat, 
 much like the Northumberland r, or as the sound gha, gha, gha, formed 
 in gargling. 
 
 q as k, uttered with the root of the tongue pressed back on the throat, 
 BO as to check the voice gently, and to occasion a clinking sound. 
 
DICTIONARY, 
 
 ENGLISH AND PUNJABEB. 
 
 Aback, pichhe, mugur, mugurlee wul. 
 Abaft, pich hare, beree de pich hare. 
 
 Towards the stern. 
 
 Abaisance, mutha tekna, pvree pyna, nimush kar, futteh 
 
 boolounee. 
 Abandon (to), ch hudna, ch hud dena, tyagna. 
 Abandoned (wicked), uguree, goomanee. 
 Abase (to), het h kurna, kungal bona. 
 
 Humble. To be cast down. 
 
 Abash (to), lujana, lujeeawan (abashed.) 
 Abate (to), g hutna. 
 
 Abbreviate (to), ch hota kurna, t hora kurna. 
 Abdicate (to), guddee ch hudna. 
 
 As a throne. 
 
 Abdomen, t hed. 
 
 The lower part of the belly. 
 
 Abduce (to), kho lena, k hos lena. 
 
 Draw away. 
 
 Abed, munje oote, pulung oote. 
 
 On the bed. 
 
 Aberrance, goomanee, uguree, mujajee, hunkaree. 
 
 Deviation. From mizajee. 
 
 [hut h porutee poounee. 
 Abet (to), humayut kurna, shy denee, suhayuta denee. 
 
 Encourage. 
 
 Abhor (to), boora manna, koura kurna. 
 
 Detest. Loathe. 
 
 B 
 
AJil ( 2 ) ABS 
 
 Abide (to,) t hukaiia, t hik rehna. 
 
 From ruhna. 
 
 Abject, neech, kumeen. 
 
 Mean. 
 
 Ability, tagut, hinimut, foorsut, oodum. 
 
 From taqut. 
 
 Able, laeq, jog, wurga, sukna. 
 
 To be able. 
 
 Able-bodied, tiikraee, oodumee. 
 Ablution, ushnan, nihouna, pinda dhona. 
 
 To bathe. 
 
 Soocbeta kuriia, or, punj uslinana. 
 
 To wash hands, face, and feet. 
 
 Aboard, beree oote, churh gya. 
 Abode, t Ink bana, g bur. 
 Abolish (to), huta dena, bund ho jana. 
 Abominate (to), boora munna. 
 Abortion, sutmah jumna, tooh janna. 
 
 Of women Of animals. 
 
 Abortive, kuwela, be mouqu, 2 k halee sukna. 
 
 Unreasonable. Unsuccessful. 
 
 Above, oote ootla, subst hon ootla. 
 
 Above all. 
 
 Above-cited, pichhla akhya gya, oote ak hya. 
 Above-ground, b hoen, or jumeen oote. 
 Above-mentioned, pjhla akjiya gya. 
 Abound (to), wuda bona. 
 About, oodare chufere. 
 
 On all sides. [ghotna. 
 
 Rub, grate. 
 
 Abrade (to), k huradna, runda phirna, jund churhouna. 
 
 Scrape off. 
 
 Abreast, kol kol, lage lage moodo moodee, sungna. 
 
 As men. As trees. As men, houses. As fields. 
 
 Abroad, budes, purdes. 
 
 Across seas. From own country. 
 
 Abrupt, chanchuk. 
 
 Abscess, p bora. 
 
 Abscond (to), looqjana, chhip jana, ole hojana. 
 
 Absence, ghyr hajiree. 
 
 From hazir. 
 
 Absolve (to), ruchya kurna, ch hima kurna. 
 Absolute, kool, khood khoodan, 2 poora. 
 
 Despotic. Complete. 
 
ABS ( 3 ) ACC 
 
 Absorb (to), ruch jana, sokh jana. 
 Abstain (to), bimdez kurna, baj jana. 
 
 From purhez. From baz. 
 
 Abstract (to), kud hna. 
 
 Take out. 
 
 Abstract, t hora keeta hoya. 
 
 Abridgment. 
 
 Abstruse, oukhur, mooshkil, kut bin. 
 
 Absurd, baola, be wukoofee, kumla. 
 
 Abundance, buda, buhoata. [ak hna. 
 
 Abuse (to), galee dena, galee dinda, budjuban, mareegul. 
 
 Giving abuse. From zuban. 
 
 Abyss, toa, doongee. 
 
 Academy, tunksal, museet, dhurm sala, uthaee. 
 
 For Mussulmans, For Hindoos. 
 
 Accede (to), mun lena, munjoor kurna. 
 
 From munzoor. 
 
 Accelerate (to), chetee leouna, shitabee kurnee. 
 Accept (to), mun lena, munjoor rukhna. 
 Accessory, sathee, sath wala, nal da. 
 Accident, ufat, bula, oukhur. 
 
 Afut. 
 Accidentally, chanchuk nal. 
 
 Acclivity, g hatee. [ootar dena. 
 
 Accommodate (to), t hanw dena, jugeh denee, wussa dena. 
 
 With room. 
 
 Accompany (to), sung jana, nal jana. 
 Accomplice, sanj hee, seerhee. 
 Accomplish (to), kum kur lena, sour jana. 
 Accomptant, husabee, lekharee, likhe baj. 
 Accord, khooshee nal, chah nal. 
 Accord (to), rulee hooee, eko jihee. 
 
 Correspond, 
 
 According, jeha. 
 Accordingly, oho jeha, os a hee. 
 Accost (to), pooch lena. 
 Account, dee leee, ise kurke. 
 
 Sake of. Because. 
 
 Accounts, husab, lekha. 
 
 From hisab. * [hooee. 
 
 Accoutre (to), kumur bunna, (accoutred) kumur kusee 
 Accoutrements, keel kunda (from kanta), uleemu. 
 Accrue (to),labh bona, nufu bona, pydaish bona, amdunee. 
 
 Profit, as in grain. As wealth. As from a single grain sown. 
 
ACC ( 4 ) ADI 
 
 Accumulate (to), ukut hee ho janee, buhoot ho janee. 
 
 Accuracy, t heek bu t heek. 
 
 Accurse (to), sraf dena, d hurna dena. 
 
 Accuse (to), furyad lounee, toohmut or ooj h lounee. 
 
 To slander. 
 
 Accustom (to), ban kurnee, wadee kurnee. 
 
 Acerb, kouree, kuselee, koruiigee. 
 
 Ache, dook h, peer, durd, hook, sool, veela or beela. 
 
 Spasm. 
 
 Achieve (to), kum kar lena, sour jana, sourna. 
 Acid, kouree, kuselee, buk bukee, p hikee. 
 
 Very acid. Less acid. 
 
 Acknowledge (to), munjoor kurna. 
 
 From munzoor. 
 
 Acquaint (to), khubur denee, dus dena, ak hna. 
 Acquaintance, seeanoon, mitr, jan peshan. 
 
 Friend. From puchan. 
 
 Acquainted, my brum, muloom, (from maloom.) 
 
 Acquiesce (to), mun lena. 
 
 Acquire (to), milna, lub hna, hu th aona. 
 
 Acquit (to), soorook h roo bona. 
 
 Acrid, tuttee. 
 
 Across, par tapoo, punjala. 
 
 Act (to), kum kurna. 
 
 Active, tukra. 
 
 Actually, sue hee. 
 
 Acute, chutra, chutraee, 2 khurra, ouk hur. 
 
 In understanding. As pain. 
 
 Adage, urt h, gyan. 
 Adamant, heera. 
 Adapt (to), t heek bunouna. 
 Add (to), gund lena, jor denee. 
 
 As one piece of string to another. 
 
 Addict (to), wadee, pynee. 
 
 Addition, wada, vudeek. 
 
 Addle (to), gulya hoya, surya hoya. 
 
 Address (to), pooch hna 
 
 Adduce (to), ak hna, dusna. 
 
 Adept, tukra, kamil. 
 
 Adequate, joga. 
 
 Adhere (to), nal luga ruhna> mood ruhna, 
 
 Adieu, widya, tor dena. 
 
 To bid adieu. 
 
ADJ ( 5 ) ADU 
 
 Adjacent, kol, pas, mood, moodo, moodee, kol kol. 
 Adjoin (to), pas o pas bona. 
 Adjourn (to), naghu hona, suwere phir bona. 
 Adjudge (to), fysula kurna. 
 
 Adjure (to), saon k hanee, soogund kurne, kusum k hanee. 
 
 [suboot kurna. 
 Adjust (to), dooroost kurna, tbeek kurna, sabut or 
 Adjutor, bath porutee, subayuta, beela kuroune wala. 
 Administer (to), dena, raj kaj kurna. 
 
 To rule a kingdom. 
 
 Admiration, ucbumba, ucburuj, bukra pukra ulokar. 
 
 Astonishment. Wonderfully. Aghast in astonishment. 
 
 Admire (to), ucburuj kurna. 
 
 Admissible, munun laeq. 
 
 Admit (to), lungun dena, boobe t hannee. 
 
 Admonisb (to), sumj ba dena, nuseebut dena. 
 
 Admonition, nuseebut, mut. 
 
 Adolescence, g hubroo, juwanee vicb. 
 
 Adopt (to), pusund kurna, 2 paluk ruk hna. 
 
 As a child. 
 
 Adore (to), mununa, pooja kurna. 
 
 Adorn (to), singar dena, sujar dena, suwarna. 
 
 Adown, bet b, jumeendee wul. 
 
 Towards the ground. fdena. 
 
 Adrift, beree bub janee, burjanee, roor janee, 2 kudh 
 
 As a boat. As a son to turn adrift. 
 
 Adroit, cb bola, cbulak. 
 
 Adry, t byaya, pyasa. 
 
 Advance (to), budbouna, bud hna. 
 
 Advantage, lab b, khutya. 
 
 Advantageous, lub hda. 
 
 Adventure, oukbur. 
 
 Adversary, vyree, doosbmun, sutroo. 
 
 Adverse, buran, khurab, mundee, vuran. 
 
 Adversity, tungaee but h bundee. 
 
 Advice, sulabee, mut. 
 
 Advisable, jog, laeq chungee. 
 
 Advise (to), sulah denee, mut denee. 
 
 Adulation, lufafu, p hour, gbupee. 
 
 Adult, juwan, g hubroo. 
 
 Adulterate (to), rula dena, ruledar. 
 
 Mixed. 
 
ADU ( 6 ) AFT 
 
 Adultery, jina, sung kurna. 
 
 Zina, to comit adultery. 
 
 Aerial, huwa de, wao dee. 
 
 Afar, door. 
 
 Afeard, durya hoya. 
 
 Affability, adur, huleem, ruseel, uhsan. 
 
 Affair, kum, kar, kirt, arut h. 
 
 Affection, heto sunasa, suneo pyar. 
 
 Affiance, wussa, b hurosa. 
 
 Hope, trust. 
 
 Affiance (to), sak kurna, nata kurna, kurmaee kurna. 
 
 Alliance. 
 Affidavit, saon, soogund, nem kurke. 
 Affianced, sak hoya, mungya hoya. 
 
 Allianced. 
 
 Affinity, sak bundee b haee charu. 
 
 Affirm (to), dusna, ak hna. 
 
 Affix (to), lugouna, laona, suheh kurna, duskliut kurne. 
 
 Signature, [lun wund, tale wund. 
 Affluent, d hunwunt, d hunwunda, mal wala, shaoka, dou- 
 Afford (to), dena, suhayut dena. 
 
 Protection. 
 
 Affray, roula, bulla, hukama, j hugra, j hanj ha. 
 
 Affright (to), durouna, kumbouna. 
 
 Affront, put khurab. 
 
 Affront (to), put khurab kurna, beijjutee kurnee. 
 
 Affuse (to), ooludna. 
 
 Or pour one thing into another. 
 
 Afield, pyree vich, k het vich. 
 
 Aflat, mjdan, rour, rurar. 
 
 Afloat, rooree janda, buhee janda, huree janda. 
 
 Afoot, pydul, pyr pyadu. 
 
 Afore, uge, suween, samhne, ugulee dinee. 
 
 Afore time. 
 
 Afore-going, uge ak,hya gya. 
 Afore-named, uge likhya gya. 
 Afore-time, ugulee dinee. 
 Afraid, durya hoya, dilyah hoya. 
 Afresh, nuwa, taju, sujra. 
 Afront, suween, samhne, rooburoo. 
 Aft, pich he, pichhle, mugur. 
 After, pich he, miigur. 
 
AFT ( 7 ) AIL 
 
 After-ages, gundee dinee, ugaree dee dinee. 
 
 After-all, tanbee, ujebee. 
 
 Afternoon, loude vele. 
 
 Afterwards, pich^he, mugron. 
 
 Again, p hir, moorke. 
 
 Against, mune, de nal lugna. 
 
 Contrary (to orders.) Contact. 
 
 Aghast, trek hya hoya, tubkya hoya. 
 Age, oomr, joog. 
 
 Space of time. 
 
 Aged, wudee oomr, buhoot oomr. 
 
 Agency, wukeel giree. 
 
 Agent, wukeel. 
 
 Aggrandize (to), ijjut bud houna, wada bona. 
 
 Aggravate (to), churhouna, gtoosa cliurhouna. 
 
 Aggravation, chher. 
 
 Aggregate (to), ukutha kurna. 
 
 Aggregation, kool, kut ha, keeta hoya, bol. 
 
 Of grain. 
 
 Aggress (to), pyhle ch herna. 
 
 Aggressor, pyhle or ugon olee eh herun wala. 
 
 Aggrievanee, nalish, furyad. 
 
 Aggrieve (to), sutouna, bearam kurna. 
 
 Agility, chulakee, ch holee. 
 
 Agitate (to), hilouna, kumbouna. 
 
 To shake. 
 Agoing, chulda, janda. 
 Agonize (to), buhoot dook hee bona. 
 Agood, suchee, suchee michee. 
 Agree (to), rajee bona. 
 
 As to a bargain. 
 
 Agreeable, pusund. 
 
 Agreed, rajee, bajee, hogye. [kawa, ujara. 
 
 Agreement, kurarwa, hala, mamulu, tinee, mulba, choo- 
 
 Agriculture, wahee, k hetee, kursanee. 
 
 Agriculturist, halee, hurwaee. 
 
 Ague, kumbunee ounce, kampa, dhor, d hooree. 
 
 Ahead, uge. 
 
 Aheight, oocha, oote. 
 
 Aid (to), humayut dena, suhayuta denee. 
 
 Aid-de-camp, moosahib. 
 
 Ailment, rog, beemaree, dook h, beramee. 
 
AIL ( 8 ) ALL 
 
 Ailing, rogee, beemaree dookhee. 
 
 Aim (to), sist bununee, sist lenee, sed dhurnee. 
 
 Air, huwa, pawun, wao. 
 
 Air-hole, baree, moree, jurok ha, takee. 
 
 Small. Large. Small. Large. 
 
 Airing, pawun lenee. 
 
 Airless, bina wao. 
 
 Akin, sak. 
 
 Alacrity, chetee, kalee, shitabee. 
 
 Alarm (to), durouna. 
 
 Alas, hae hae. 
 
 Albeit, pur. 
 
 Alert, tukra, tukra ruhna. 
 
 To be circumspect, on the alert. 
 
 Alias, hor. 
 
 Alien, purdesee. 
 
 Alight (to), ooturna. 
 
 Alike, ek o je, ek se hee. 
 
 Aliment, rijuk. 
 
 Alive, jeenda. 
 
 All, subna. 
 
 Allay (to), teh hutouna, tras hutouna. 
 
 Thirst. 
 
 Allege (to), ak hna, dusna. 
 
 Allegiance, tabe geeree. 
 
 Alleviate (to), dook h hutouna, suhayuta denee. 
 
 Pain. 
 
 Alley, gulee, veehee. 
 
 Alliance, nata, sak. 
 
 Alligator, mug, boollun, usral. 
 
 Allot (to), wundunna. 
 
 Allow (to), hookm dena, aoun dena. 
 
 Allowable, munu naheen, munjoor. 
 
 Allowance, rojeenu, hissa. 
 
 Rozeenu. 
 
 Alloy, ruledar, missa, do naja, sut naja. 
 Allure (to), t hugouna, g hoosouna. 
 Allusion, synut, jikr, jahir. 
 
 Zikr. Zahur. 
 
 Ally (to), sak kurna, kurmaee kurna, nata kurna. 
 
 By marriage contract. 
 
 Ally, humayut kurna wala, suhayut dene wala. 
 
ALM ( 9 ) AMB 
 
 Almanac, putree. 
 
 Almighty, b hugwan, purmesur, naruiika. 
 
 Almond, badam. 
 
 Almoner, toshu k,han}ia, ganeut. 
 
 Almost, t hora ruh gya. 
 
 Alms, poon. 
 
 Alms-deed, poon dee, buksees. 
 
 Bukhshish. 
 
 Alms-giver, poon kurun wala, poon atmee. 
 
 Aloes, jeeree, kalee jeeree. 
 
 Aloft, oote, oocha. 
 
 Alone, ukula, kuUa, 
 
 Along, nal. 
 
 Aloof, ukula, udh. 
 
 Aloud, oochee awaj, wudee awaj. 
 
 Ooncliee. Awaz. 
 
 Alphabet, pyntee, pyntee purda, moharnee. 
 
 Learning the Alphabet. 
 
 Already, hoonhe, ise vele. 
 Also, bee. 
 Altar, us tan. 
 
 Alter (to), uch ha kurna, wuttee kurnee. 
 Altercate (to), jhugurna, roula kurna. 
 Alternately, varee varee, waro varee. 
 Although, jet ha, pur, b hule je. 
 Altogether, ukut,ha, guUa, bol kool. 
 
 Collected as rupees. Heap. Heap entire. 
 
 Alum^ p hutkurree. 
 
 Phitkuree. 
 
 Always, humeshu, nit h. 
 
 Am, hoon, han. 
 
 Amability, huleemee, ruseelee. 
 
 Amalgamate, rulouna, ruledar. 
 
 Amanuensis, hurdasee. 
 
 Amassment, d heree, guUa, bol. 
 
 Amass (to), ukut ha kurna. 
 
 Amaze (to), tubkunna, tulomuche bona, uchuruj bona. 
 
 Ambassador, elchee, mushar. 
 
 Ambiguity, jun b hurm. 
 
 Ambition, housilu, chah. 
 
 Amble (to), rouhal chal, goot jana. 
 
AMB ( 10 ) ANG 
 
 Ambuscade, shou, shou byt ha. 
 Amenable, joomu mooklitiar. 
 
 Zimmu. 
 
 Amend (to), sour jana. ^ 
 
 Amends, wuta dena. 
 
 To mate amends. 
 
 Amiable, huleem, ruseel. 
 
 Amicable, dyawan. 
 
 Amidst, vich. 
 
 Amiss, mara, buran, nalaeq, khurab, vuran, 
 
 Amity, heto. 
 
 Ammunition, jungee usbab. 
 
 Amnesty, ch hima, 
 
 Amongst, nal. 
 
 Amorous, ashuqee. 
 
 From ashiq. 
 
 Amount (to), ukut ha kurna, jor kurna, 
 Amount, kool, jumu. 
 Ample, buhoota. 
 Amplify (to), budhouna. 
 Amputate, wud sitna. 
 Amulet, tuga, tuweet. 
 
 Taweez. 
 
 Amuse (to), vurouna, purchouna. 
 
 Amusement, vurounee leee, purchoune waste. 
 
 Analogical, vurga ek o jiha, oho jihee. 
 
 Anarchy, be umulee. 
 
 Anathema, sraf, d hurna. 
 
 Ancestor, bab dada, wudeean. 
 
 Anchor (to), lolungur sootna. 
 
 Anchorite, bunbasee. 
 
 Ancient, poorana, pooratumee, moodamee. 
 
 Ancients, moodamee lok. 
 
 And, hor. » 
 
 Anecdote, kuhanee. 
 
 Anew, moodon, nuwa. 
 
 Angel, firishta. 
 
 Anger, g hoossa, kr5d h, hurukh. 
 
 Angle (to), much hee p hurna. 
 
 Angler, muchhee phurne wala. 
 
ANG ( 11 ) ANT 
 
 Angry, g hoossa, krod hwan, huruk hwan. 
 
 Anguish, sogman, dookh. 
 
 Animadversion, tokya, dutkya. 
 
 Animal, junour^ pussoo, dhor, dungur, d handa. 
 
 Janwur. 
 
 Animate (to), chetee kurna, shitabee kurnee. 
 
 To stir up, quicken. 
 
 Animation, JEn, sas, dum. 
 
 From sans. 
 
 Animosity, byree, vyree> dooshmunee> udawut, killush. 
 
 Ankle, gitta. 
 
 Annex (to), milana, ukut ha kurna. 
 
 Annihilate, jur guwounee, guwa dena. 
 
 Anniversary, wurre dinan da din. 
 
 Announce (to), khubur kurna, ak h dena. 
 
 Annoy (to), beram kurna, dookh dena, suntouna. 
 
 Annual, wurre wurre, hur wurre, sal bu sal. 
 
 Annuity, surnawur. 
 
 Annul (to), sukna or klialee kurna, ch hud dena. 
 
 Annumerate, jorna, ukut ha kurna. 
 
 Annunciate (to), khubur kurnee. 
 
 Anoint (to), tel lugouna, tel mulna, t hundyaee lounee. 
 
 Anomalous, be mouqu, be mooqurrur. 
 
 Anon, chetee nal, hoone, ues e vele. 
 
 Anonymous, be nawee. 
 
 Another, hor, doojee. 
 
 Answer (to), ootur dena, kum da bona. 
 
 Give answer. To suit. 
 
 Ant, keeree. 
 
 Antagonist, vyree, dooshmun, dok hee, 
 Antecede (to), ugan jana. 
 Antecedent, moodon, uge. 
 Antelope, burn, mirgo. 
 
 Hirn. 
 
 Ante-meridian, shah vela, louda vela. 
 
 Post-meridian. 
 
 Anterior, ugan, uge. 
 
 Antics, chynchul, bandur, bun chur ludda. 
 
 Antidote, garroo trunjunee, manduree. 
 
 Against poisonous snakes. Against poison in general. 
 
 Antipathy, sutraee, vyree. 
 Antique, moodam, kudeem, poorana. 
 
ANT ( 12 ) APP 
 
 Antiquity, moodamee, kudeemee. 
 Antler, sing h. 
 
 Of a stag. 
 
 Anvil, uhrun. 
 
 Anxiety, chinta, fiqr, chitwunee. 
 
 Anxious, fiqraee, chintaee. 
 
 Any, kooj,h. 
 
 Apace, chetee nal, shitabee. 
 
 Apart, udh, buk, utung, mokula. 
 
 Apartment, kotree. 
 
 Apathy, mustana, ukhyalee. 
 
 Ape, nul, neel, lungooi*. 
 
 Ape (to), sang laoria. 
 
 Aperient, joolab, doslianda. 
 
 Apiary, makheeD, muk,hyal, ch,hulee. 
 
 Apiece, eko eko. 
 
 Apologize (to), minta kurna. 
 
 Appal (to), durouna, b hydena. 
 
 Apparatus, sooroojam, huqeequt. 
 
 Apparel, leera, kupra, poshak. 
 
 Apparition, b hootna, pret, jins. 
 
 Ajipeal (to), sut,hmunnee, puchayut mitnee. 
 
 From punchayut. 
 
 Appear (to), disna, nujur pynee. 
 
 From nuzur. 
 
 Appearance, soorut, kisturandee. 
 
 Appease (to), muna dena, t hunda kurna. 
 
 Append (to), lugouna. 
 
 Appertain (to), verwa ruk,hna, illaqu ruk hna. 
 
 Appetite, b hook h. 
 
 Applaud (to), sulouna. 
 
 Applause, sulounee. 
 
 Applicable, vurga, laeq, joga. 
 
 Application, meenut, art,hee. 
 
 From mihnut, close study. 
 
 Apply (to), meenut kurna, 2 pooch h lena. 
 
 To labour. To ask. 
 
 Appoint (to), t huhra lena. 
 Appointment, hoodu. 
 
 From oohdu. 
 
 Apposite, chungee, laeq, joga. 
 Appraise (to), ungna. 
 
APP ( 13 ) ARR 
 
 Apprehend (to), p hurna, 2 muloom kurna. 
 
 To seize. To understand. 
 
 Apprehension, wuswas. 
 
 Fear. 
 Apprentice, shagird, chela. 
 Apprize (to\ khubur kurnee. 
 Approach, kol, mood, pas. 
 Approbation, pusund, sulaya. 
 Appropriate (to), upna kurna. 
 Apt, chutra, kamil. 
 Arable, vugar, sur. 
 
 Fit for tillage. 
 
 Arbitrate (to), puchayut kurnee, moonsubee kurnee. 
 
 From moonsifee. 
 
 Arbitrator, moonsubdar. 
 
 Arched, j haredar. 
 
 Archery, teerundajee. 
 
 Architect, raj geer. 
 
 Archives, duftur k hanu. 
 
 Ardour, trik ha. 
 
 Argue (to), b hysna, kurbna, koorbunna, jid hna. 
 
 From buhsna. 
 
 Arid, sookliee hooee. 
 
 Aright, t heek. 
 
 Arise (to), oot hna, churhna. 
 
 As the sun. 
 
 Arm, banh, boja. 
 
 Armed, shustru budhe hooe or laye hooe. 
 
 Bandhe. 
 
 Armlet, burwutta, bajoo bund. 
 
 Worn by men. Worn by women. 
 
 Armour, sunj ho choor, anawa. 
 
 Made of rings. Made of steel. 
 
 Armorer, sunjhagur. 
 Armory, sile k hanu. 
 
 Silah. ' 
 
 Arm-pit, kuch h, bug hul. 
 
 Arms, hutyar, shustru. 
 
 Army, fouj, dul. 
 
 Around, oodare, chufere. 
 
 Arouse (to), oot halna, jugana. 
 
 Arraign (to), daeea kurna, dawa ruk hna. 
 
 Arrange (to), joo'gut kurnee, suwarna. 
 
ArR ( 14 ) ASS 
 
 Arrant, buhoot mara, mundee, vuran, khurab. 
 Array (to), pura bununna, saj hna, suwarna. 
 
 Bandlina. 
 
 Arrears, pich hulee, puchetree. 
 
 Arrest, phurya jana, qyd kurna. 
 
 Arrive (to), upur pyna, ponch or pooj h pyna. 
 
 Arrogance, shekhee, gumrooree, mujajee. 
 
 Arrogate (to), bena, huqq lena. 
 
 Arrow, teer, ban, san. 
 
 Arsenal, sile k hanu, silsila. 
 
 Silah. ' 
 
 Arsenic, sunk heea, hurtal. 
 
 Art, hikmut, hoonur. 
 
 Artful, furebee, ch huleea, chilitturee. 
 
 Articulate (to), bolna, koona. 
 
 Artifice, ch^bul, dug ha. 
 
 Artificer, kareegur, hut h soochu. 
 
 Artillery, top k hanu. 
 
 Artist, oostad. 
 
 Artless, b hola, sid ha, bech hula; 
 
 From seedha. 
 
 As, jeha, jysa. 
 
 Asafoetida, moosh^kunee, hing. 
 
 Ascend (to), churhna. 
 
 Ascertain (to), muloom kurna, janunna. 
 
 Ascetic, tupusee, uteet. 
 
 Ascribe (to), lag bajee kurna. 
 
 Ashamed, lujeeawan, shurmindu. 
 
 Ashes, rakh, soha, 2 b husm. 
 
 Of wood. Of a body. 
 
 Ashore, kunda bunna, bunera. 
 
 Aside, ud h, buk, wuk. 
 
 Ask (to), pooch hna, mungunna. 
 
 Aslant, trich ha, ted ha, vinga. 
 
 Asleep, soota hoya. 
 
 Aslope, d haloo, lupetawa. 
 
 Aspect, soorut, shuk hi. 
 
 Asperity, kururaee. 
 
 Asperse (to), ooj hlugana, toohmut denee. 
 
 Aspirant, asa wunt, oomedwar. 
 
 Aspire (to), asa kurnee, oomed rukhnee. 
 
 Ass, Idiotah. 
 
ASS . ( 15 ) ATH 
 
 Assail (to), bulla kurna. 
 Assailant, hiilla kurne wala. 
 Assassin, katilee. 
 Assault, bulla. 
 Assay (to)^ purkunna. 
 
 From piirukhna. 
 
 Assayer, park bq. 
 Assemble (to), ukut ba kurna. 
 Assembly, soob ba. 
 Assent (to), mun lena. 
 Assert (to), ak hna dusna. 
 Assess (to), cb hooka kurna. 
 Assets, kool jumu. 
 Assiduity, meenut, art bee. 
 
 From mihnut. Close application. 
 
 Assign (to), t burouna dena. 
 
 Assimilate, ek sura kurna, ode jiba or vurga kurna. 
 Assist (to), but b purotee, paona, bumrab kurna. 
 Associate (to), sob^but ruk bnee, roogbut ras kurnee. 
 
 Soohbut. 
 
 Assort (to), t banw t baeen kurna. 
 Assuage (to), g hut kurna. 
 Assume (to), lena. 
 Assurance^ wusa. 
 
 Confidence. 
 
 Assure (to), jukeen kurouna. 
 
 From yykeen. 
 
 Astern, beree de pich be, mugron, picb be picb be. 
 
 Asthma, qbyee, k hung. 
 
 Astonish (to), uchuruj kurna. 
 
 Astray, opura. 
 
 Astride, g hor pulakee. 
 
 Astringent, qubzee. 
 
 Astrologer, jotik hee, jotusee, nujoomee. 
 
 Astrology, ilm jotusee, jotik hee. 
 
 Asunder, udo ud bee, buk. 
 
 Asylum, d bum jugeh, suda hurt, hurt punab. 
 
 At, pur, oote. 
 
 At home, g bur vich, g bur undur. 
 
 At ease, sook h nal. 
 
 Athirst, trik ha wunt, tibaya, pyasa. 
 
 Athletic, tukra, oodumee. 
 
ATH ( 16 ) AUD 
 
 Athwart, g hor pulakee. 
 
 Atmosphere, wao, huvva, paon. 
 
 Atom, ruttee. 
 
 Atone (to), munouna. 
 
 Atop, oote. 
 
 Atrocious, khurab, vuran munda. 
 
 Attach (to), louono. 
 
 Attachment, heto, pyar, sundesa. 
 
 Attack (to), hulla kurna, roula paona. 
 
 Attain (to), milunna, paona, lub hna, hutjiaona. 
 
 From milna. 
 
 Attaint, vigura h5ya, vichlya hoya. 
 Attempt (to), jachna, puruk hna. 
 Attend (to), hajir ruhna, kol ruhna. 
 
 From hazir. 
 
 Attendant, nal ruhnewala, kol ruhnewala. 
 
 Attention, khyal, d hyan, yad . 
 
 Attentive, khyalee, soochet. 
 
 Attenuate, (to), putla kurna, nurm kurna, mara kurna. 
 
 Make thin. 
 
 Attest (to), oogah dena, oogah kud hna. 
 
 To call for evidence. 
 
 Attested, oogahee. 
 Attire, (to), paona. 
 
 Put on clothes. 
 
 Attire, poshak, leera. 
 
 Attitude, turan, d hub. 
 
 Attract (to), ukutba kurna. 
 
 Attribute, (to), lugouna. 
 
 Attune (to), soor kurna, ek sura kurna. 
 
 Atween, vich. 
 
 Avail (to), faedu hona. 
 
 To profit. 
 
 Avant-guard, ugaree guard, ugaree jillu. 
 
 Avarice, lob h. 
 
 Avaricious, lob hee, lub hee. 
 
 Avast, bus bus, anund. 
 
 Avaunt, pure ho, hut jao. 
 
 Auction, bech dena. 
 
 To sell. 
 
 Audacious, bedhuruk, bedur, nirbhou. 
 Audible, awaj soonnee. 
 
 From awaz. 
 
AUD ( 17 ) AWE 
 
 Audience, soonya, soonne wala. 
 Auditor, husabdar husabee. 
 Avenge, wutta lena, budla lena. 
 Avenue, rookhandee qutar, pal dee pal. 
 Average, uruj. 
 Averse, pusund nuheen. 
 Aversion, koura. 
 Avert, (to), talna. 
 Auger, vurma. 
 
 Fi-om burma. 
 
 Augment (to), bud houna, wud houna. 
 Augur, sugon. 
 Augury, sugma. 
 August, buhaduron. 
 
 Name of month, from Bhadon. 
 
 Aviary, chiree k hanu, alna. 
 
 From chirija. 
 
 Aunt, massee, bhooa, p hoop hee. 
 
 Maternal. Paternal. 
 
 Avocation, kum, rojgar. 
 
 Avoid (to), buchouna. 
 
 Avouch (to), ak hna, dusna, bolna. 
 
 Avow (to), akhria, dusna. 
 
 Auspice, sugon, pritap, kripa, dya. 
 
 Omen. Favor. 
 
 Auspicious, soob hlugun. 
 
 Moment. 
 
 Austere, kururra. 
 Authentic, t heek, such. 
 Author, bunouun wala. 
 
 From bunane. 
 
 Authority, hookm, hukoomut. 
 
 Authorize (to), hookm dena. 
 
 Autumn, kurburura. 
 
 Auxiliary, suha, ijutdar, mududdar. 
 
 Await (to), oodeekna. 
 
 Awake, jagda. 
 
 Awaken (to), jaga pyna. 
 
 Award (to), thurouna, thura dena. 
 
 Aware, soochet. 
 
 Aware (to be), soochet h5na. 
 
 Away, door pure, pre de. 
 
 Awe, b hy, houl, dur. 
 
AWF ( 18 ) BAD 
 
 Awful, houl nal, b hy nal. 
 Awhile, jurra, t hore urse nal. 
 Awkward, unaree, opudree. 
 Awl, ar vainee. 
 
 A cobbler's. 
 
 Awning, chanunee, chaye wan. 
 
 Awoke, jugaya hoy a. 
 
 Awork, kum kurda hue. 
 
 Awry, ted ha, vynga, vyng turinga. 
 
 Axe, kooharee, takooa, kohara. 
 
 From koolharee. A small axe. 
 
 Axiom, urt h. 
 Axis, mujeroo. 
 Axle, d hoora. 
 
 From dhooree. 
 
 Aye, hanjee. 
 
 Azure, usmanee, kuch neela. 
 
 From asmanee. 
 
 B. 
 
 Babble (to), bookwa kurna. 
 
 Babbler, bukkar kurnewala, burbola budfylee. 
 
 Babe, ningur, eeana, booja. 
 
 When under one month. Of six months and upwards. 
 
 Baboon, lungoor, nul, neel. 
 
 Babyhood, balukpoona, eeanpoona. 
 
 Bachelor, koara. 
 
 Back, pit h, mugur. 
 
 Back (to), 1 mor dena, 2 mor lena, 3 churhna. 
 
 To give back. To take back. As on a horse. 
 
 Backbite (to), dooshtee, nindeea kurnee, bud k hoee kurna. 
 Backbiter, doosht, nindook, budk ho. 
 Backbone, kumror, sungobee. 
 Backdoor, mugurle durwaju. 
 
 From durwaza. 
 
 Backpiece, sunjo, churanee, pith gosh. 
 
 Chain armour. Iron armour. 
 
 Backslide (to), gooman kurna, mugrooree, mujajee. 
 Backwards (to go), upota chulna, oolta jana. 
 
 To walk backwards. 
 
 Bad, mara, vuran, munda, khotah. 
 Badge, nishan, cheen. 
 
BAD ( 19 ) BAN 
 
 Badger, beejoo. 
 
 Baffle (to), t.hugouna, ghoosouna, ook,houna. 
 
 Bag, thyla, gootula. 
 
 Baggage, wulewa, cheezbust, nek sook. 
 
 Or bulewa. 
 
 Bail, jamunee, joommu. 
 
 From zamiii. 
 
 Bailiff, kardar, t hanedar, tuhseeldar. 
 
 Bait, chog, moola, phyee. 
 
 Of meat. Of any bird or beast — to catch another. 
 
 Bake, pukouna, rotee kurnee. 
 
 To bake bread. 
 
 Bakehouse, tundoor, lungur khanu. 
 
 Baker, lungree. 
 
 Balance, tukree, tukreea, kunda, kunta, tuk. 
 
 To weigh Grain. Sweetmeats. Gold, &c. Pearls, <fec. Wood, <kc. 
 
 Balcony, sufeel, furus, t hura. 
 
 Before houses. Before shops. 
 
 Bald, roda, phoda. 
 
 As the head from which the hair has fallen. 
 
 Bale, bora. 
 
 As of cotton. 
 Baleful, nooshqanee janee, 2 s5gwan, humsosee. 
 
 From nooqsan. Sorrowful. 
 
 Balk (to), g.hoosouna, ook houna, thugouna. 
 Ball, khoodo. k.henoo. 
 
 For boys to play with. For girls to play with. 
 
 Bamboo, wunj, vans. 
 
 A thick one. A thin one. 
 
 Bamboozle (to), thugouna, ghoosouna, ook houna. 
 Band, puttee. 
 Bandage, putta, loopree. 
 Bandy (to), bysna. 
 
 From buhusna. 
 
 Bandy-legged, thibba, khochula. 
 
 Knock-kneed. Bandy-legged or bow-legged. 
 
 Bane, nooshqan jan. [kurna. 
 
 From nooqsan. ing a great noise. 
 
 Bang (to), dhurka kurna, thah thah kurna, t,huk thuk 
 
 Bhununna, as a door. As a stick against any thing creat- 
 
 Banish (to), des nikala dena kud hna. 
 
 Bank, kunda, bunna, bunera. 
 
 Banker, surraf, shaokar. 
 
 Bankrupt, duwalya, dendar, thoorya hoya. 
 
BAN ( 20 ) BAS 
 
 Banner, nishan, j hundee. 
 
 Banquet, jug udumbur. 
 
 Banter (to), mushkuree kurna, thu tha buk hera kurna. 
 
 Bar, wullee, gooj. 
 
 From bullee. 
 
 Barbarian, jangulee. 
 
 From jungulee. 
 
 Barbarity, be durd, be ruhm. 
 Barbed, koondee, tangha, khoondee. 
 Barber, naee. 
 Bard, b,hat, rJih. 
 Bare, nunga, 2 lunda. 
 
 As a tree without leaves. 
 
 Barebone, khalee hud. 
 
 Barefaced, behva, naluj, beshurm. 
 
 Barefoot, nunge pvr. 
 
 Bareheaded, nunge sir. 
 
 Barely, nirapoora. 
 
 Bareness, nungaee. 
 
 Bargain, buhoot susta, lub h. 
 
 Bargain (to), t hurouna, chookounna, uchjia lub hna. 
 
 Barge, beree, bera. 
 
 Bargeman, me, mullah. 
 
 Bark, chil, rung, bukol, 2 beree. 
 
 Of trees. Boat. 
 
 Bark-bared, chilya hoya. 
 Bark (to), bhounkna. 
 
 As a dog. 
 
 Barley, villayutte jou. 
 Barleycorn, jou da danu. 
 Barnacles, uenuk. 
 Barrel, nalee, 2 dhol. 
 
 Of a gun. Tub. 
 
 Barrel-bellied, gogur. 
 
 Barren, nu phul, oojar, oujur, kunj, beuns, sund. 
 
 As trees. As land. As woman. As animals. 
 
 Barricade (to), bund kurna, qillu bundee. 
 Bar-shot, lunj, kamp. 
 
 Bar-shot. Chain-shot. 
 
 Barter, wutto, sutta. 
 Base, pajee, kumeena. 
 Base, nee, moonyad. 
 
 From neo. From boonyad. 
 
BAS ( 21 ) BE A 
 
 Base-born, syur, huramda. 
 Baseness, kumeenee, kimgalee. 
 Bashful, shurmindugee, lujyawan. 
 Basis, moonyadee. 
 
 Boouyad. 
 
 Bask (to), oseea byt hna 
 
 Basket, tokree. 
 
 Bastard, syur, huramda. 
 
 Bastinade (to), tulee kootna. 
 
 Bastion, boorj. 
 
 Batch, numoonu, wunegee, wunee. 
 
 Bate (to), ghutouna. 
 
 Bath, hummam. 
 
 Bathe (to), nihouna. 
 
 Batoon, boog. 
 
 Battalion, purtul. 
 
 Batter, (to), dhouna. 
 
 Battering-ram, moongulee, gooruj, sundew a para. 
 
 Battery, morchu, murura. 
 
 Large. Small battery. 
 
 Battle, luraee. 
 
 Battle-array, luraee sajunee. 
 
 Battle-axe, tubur gundasa. 
 
 Bawble, khilouna, bazee. 
 
 Bawd, p hupe, kootnee. 
 
 Bawdy, na lujee. 
 
 Bawdy-house, phupe kootnee kothee, goonda kot hee. 
 
 Bawl (to), kookna, bang denee. 
 
 Bay, koomyt. 
 
 As colour of a horse. 
 
 Bayonet, sukeen. 
 
 From sungeen. 
 
 Be (to), bona. 
 
 Beach, kunda, bunna, bunera. 
 
 Beacon, moolla. 
 
 Beads, danu, munka. 
 
 Beak, choonj, nok. 
 
 From choonch. 
 
 Beam, suteea, 2 kirna. 
 
 From shuteer, of wood. Of sun. 
 
 Bear (to), le chulunna. 
 Bear (a), rich h. 
 Beard, daree. 
 
BEA ( 22 ) BEG 
 
 Beardless, khoda un darya, dungur, djiandur, dhuga. 
 
 Beast, junour, pussoo, dhor. 
 
 Beat (to), raarna, kootna, sootna. 
 
 Beatify, rajee kurna, kliooshee kurna, anund kurna. 
 
 Beating, koot, mar, soot. 
 
 Beautiful, sujdee, sonee, soodur. 
 
 Beauty, chungee, soorut, sonee soorut, soonduree. 
 
 Becalm, munouna, munna lena. 
 
 To appease. 
 
 Because, ise kurke, iwe kurke. 
 
 Bechance, otne vich, chanchuk nal. 
 
 Beck, synut. 
 
 Become (to), hona. 
 
 Becoming, sonee, sujdee, laeq. 
 
 Bed, munje. 
 
 Bedash (to), chikor lugna. 
 
 Bedawb (to), lipunna, limbna. 
 
 Bed-chamber, soundee kot hree. 
 
 Bed-clothes, tolaee, nihalee or lef dolaee, rujaee, cheja. 
 
 Lower. Upper clothes. 
 
 Bedding, bistra, suthur. 
 Bedeck, suwarna, bunouna. 
 Bedew (to), num denee, wut denee. 
 
 To wet. 
 
 Bed-fellow, bistree da sanj hee. 
 
 Bedizen, hor singar laona. 
 
 Bedim, undhera kurna. 
 
 Bed-ridden, tooteeam. 
 
 Bedstead, pulung, munja. 
 
 Bed-time, sounda vela. 
 
 Bee, mukhee, doomna. 
 
 Bee-hive, mukheeal, mak heeo 
 
 Befal (to), apyna. 
 
 Befit (to), laeq hona, phubna, sujna. 
 
 Befool (to), kumla nao ruk hna. 
 
 Before, mood pyhla. 
 
 Beforehand, mood ugehee. 
 
 Before-time, ugle din, uglean dinan. 
 
 Befoul (to), myla kurna. 
 
 Befriend (to), dya kurna, richya ruk hna. 
 
 Befringe, j halur, sunjaf, kunaree. 
 
 Beg (to), mungunna. 
 
^ BEG ( 23 ) BEL 
 
 Beget (to), joomaima, pyda kurna. 
 
 Beggar, mungta. 
 
 Beggarly, buhoot kungal. 
 
 Begin (to), mood bununna, sliona, arumb h. 
 
 Beginner, boon, moodon luga. 
 
 Beginning, mood. 
 
 Begird (to), kumar kusa kurna. 
 
 Begone, pure ho 
 
 Begrime (to), mit bee vich rol jana. 
 
 Beguile (to), t hugouna. 
 
 Begun, mood budda. 
 
 Behalf, waste, deeleee. 
 
 Behave (to), wuhar kurna. 
 
 Behaviour, chal ryhut. 
 
 Behead, sir wudna. 
 
 Behest, hookm. 
 
 Command. 
 
 Behind, pich he„ mugur. 
 
 Behind-hand, pich hon. 
 
 Behold (to), vek,hna. 
 
 Beholden, uhsanwund, hut haroo. 
 
 Behoof, lub h tumma. 
 
 Behove (to), chahiye. 
 
 Being, surisht. 
 
 Belabor, kootna, marna, sootna. 
 
 Belay (to), shou byt hna. 
 
 Belch, dukar, hubas. 
 
 Beleague (to), bulla kurna. 
 
 Belie (to), b hurm kurna, ooj h toohmut lugouna. 
 
 Speak falsely. 
 
 Belief, ueteebar, b,hurosa, wusah. 
 Believe (to), wusah kurna, ueteebar. 
 Bell, jung, tull, tulle. 
 
 On elephants' necks. On buffaloes' necks. 
 
 Belligerent, luraee da kum luga. 
 Bellow (to), urouna. 
 Bellows, k hul, d hounee. 
 Belly, t bed. 
 Belly-ache, t bed peer. 
 Belly-ful, t bed b hur. 
 Belong (to), fulane de lugna. 
 Beloved, peeara, hitkaree. 
 
BEL ( 24 ) BES 
 
 Below, het h. 
 
 Belt, petee. 
 
 Bemire, myla hona, chekor lugna, libur jana. 
 
 Bemoan (to), humsos kunia, sog kurna» 
 
 Bench, tukhtposh. 
 
 Bend (to), neona, jookna. 
 
 Beneath, het h. 
 
 Benediction, usees. - 
 
 Benefaction, uhsan. 
 
 Benefactor, uhsan kurun wala, pposht kurun wala. 
 
 Beneficence, dyawunt, ditta. 
 
 Benefit, nufu, laha. 
 
 Benevolence, huleemee, ruseelee, nurmaee. 
 
 Benighted, kuwela ho jana, be wuqt ho jana. 
 
 Benign, dyawunt, huleel, ruseel. 
 
 Benignity, huleemee, ruseelee. 
 
 Bent, ted^ha, vinga, trich ha. 
 
 Benumb (to), sunounna, hut h t hur jana. 
 
 Tlie hands to become benumbed. 
 
 Bequeath (to), dusmurna. 
 Bequest, demurna. 
 Bereave (to), lelena. 
 Berob (to), lootunna. 
 
 From lootna. 
 
 Berry, syurp hul. 
 
 Wild berry. 
 
 Beseech (to), minnut kurnee. 
 
 Beseem (to), sujna. 
 
 Beset (to), gher lena, wul lena. 
 
 Beshrew (to), d hurna, sraf dena. 
 
 Beside, sugon, suwaee. 
 
 Besiege (to), bulla kurna. 
 
 Besmear (to), limbna, pochna, lipna. 
 
 Besmoke (to), dhoonal, sookhouna. 
 
 Besot (to), umulee kurna. 
 
 Besought, minnut hoee. 
 
 Bespangle, sitare lugna. 
 
 Bespatter (to), chittan, pounyan, chhiiikunna. 
 
 Bespeak (to), akhrukhna. 
 
 Bespread, beehouna. 
 
 Besprinkle, shunkunna, ch,hinkunna. 
 
 Best, oodumee. 
 
BES ( 25 ) BIF 
 
 Bestial, junour wurga, pussoo wurga. 
 
 Bestir (to), chetee kurnee, sholee kurnee. 
 
 Bestow (to), dena, de, ditta. 
 
 Bestower, duwalya, dene wala. 
 
 Bestrew (to), sootna, kundouna. 
 
 Bestride, ghor pulakee. 
 
 Bet (to), shurt lounee or mitnee, yaree bunimnee. 
 
 Betake (to), lejana. 
 
 Bethink (to), cheta kurna, yad rukhna. 
 
 Betliral (to), glioolam puna Jdiurna. 
 
 Betide (to), waqif hona, myhrum hona. 
 
 Betime, suvera, chalan ooshair, musojura. 
 
 Betoken, wukhalna. 
 
 Betray (to), ch hul kurna, dugha kurna, 2 oojagur kurna. 
 
 Betrim (to), soowarna, bunouna. [kurnee. 
 
 Betroth (to), sakagiree kurna, nata kurna, kurmaee 
 
 Betrust (to), wusa kurna. 
 
 Better, chunga, k hura, oodumee, aree. 
 
 Good. Better. Best. 
 
 Bettor, shurt loune wala, yaree bunun wala. 
 Between, vich. 
 
 Bewail (to), sog kurna, humsos kurna, hou kur lena. 
 Beware (to), tukra rehna, khuburdar rehna. 
 
 From ruhna. 
 
 Beweep (to), unyoo sootnee, utroo sootnee. 
 
 Bewilder (to), b hukouna duko dole khana. 
 
 Bewitch (to), jadoo kurna, toona kurna, serhut hee. 
 
 Bewray (to), oojagur kurna, jahir kurna. 
 
 Beyond, pure, prede. 
 
 Bias, lugun. 
 
 Bibber, peeak. 
 
 Bicker (to), j hugra kurna, j hanj ha kurna. 
 
 Bicorn, do singha. 
 
 Bid (to), hookm dena. 
 
 Bidder, chookoune wala, gahuk vehajoo. 
 
 The purchaser. 
 
 Bide (to), rehna, tikna. 
 
 From ruhna. 
 
 Biennial, do wurra. 
 
 Bier, bub an, chooban, sirhee. 
 
 For the great. For others. For the best. 
 
 Bifold, doogna. 
 
BIF ( 26 ) BLA 
 
 Bifid, k horee. 
 
 Big, wuda. 
 
 Big-bellied, wuda t bed, gogur. 
 
 Biggest, subna tbon wuda, wude se wuda. 
 
 Bigot, ookwasa, ookwaya, ikdyeea. 
 
 Bile, pita, kaljar. 
 
 Bilk (to), hutb natuk kurna. 
 
 Bill, eboonj, 2 husab. 
 
 Beak. Account. 
 
 Billions, do krore. 
 Billow, lybur, mouj. 
 Bind (to), bununna. 
 Binder, jiltgur. 
 
 Bookbinder. 
 
 Binding, puttee. 
 
 Biped, do pyr. 
 
 Bird, punchee. 
 
 Bird-cage, pinjura. 
 
 Birtb, junum. 
 
 Birth-day, junum da din. 
 
 Birth-place, junum bhoom. 
 
 Bisect (to), do tookre, dukre, do pareean, do p bar. 
 
 As a box. As an apple in two. 
 
 Bit (a), dukra, tookra, dulla, 2 kurryala. 
 
 Of wood. Of bread. Of meat. Horse's bit. 
 
 Bitch, koottee. 
 
 Bite (to), wud khana. 
 
 Bitter, kouree. 
 
 Blab (to), b,hed dena. 
 
 Blacken (to), kala kurna. 
 
 Blackguard, khotah, budjat. 
 
 Blackness, kala jiha. 
 
 Blacksmith, lobar. 
 
 Bladder, dholnee. 
 
 Blade, phul. 
 
 Of sword or grass. 
 
 Blade-bone, modah. 
 
 Blameless, begoonah, bekoosoor. 
 
 Blanch (to), tanna louna, tanee lounee. 
 
 Bland, huleem, ruseel. 
 
 Blandishment, pyar, heto. 
 
 Blanket, loee, kumbul, kumbulee. 
 
BLA ( 27 ) BLO 
 
 Blast, wao, paon. 
 
 Blaze (to), surjana, surna. 
 
 Bleaching, tanna, tundee. 
 
 Bleak, surdee pala. [ged hoo. 
 
 Blear-eyed, khorewar, clioon muchoona, shore war 
 
 Bleat (to), mukee ouna. 
 
 Bleeding, Icohoo kudouna. 
 
 Blemish, uebee. 
 
 Blended, rulya hoya. 
 
 Bless (to), usees dena, dooa dena. 
 
 Blessedness, kliooshee nal, rajee hoke. 
 
 Blessing, usees, dooa. 
 
 Blight, kangee aree. 
 
 Blind (to), unna kurna. 
 
 Blind, unna, soordas. 
 
 From undha. 
 
 Blindfold, phje. 
 
 Blindness, unnee- 
 
 Blindside, unnee ukhwul, unne pas se, kanne pas se. 
 
 Blink (to), j hump kunna, phur kunna. 
 
 Bliss, sooiSee, kliooshee. 
 
 Blissful, khoosh, sookh. 
 
 Blister, chjiala, pouree. 
 
 Blithe, khoosh, sookh. 
 
 Bloat, soojunna, p hoolna. 
 
 Soojna. 
 
 Block, mochee. 
 
 Of wood. 
 
 Block (to), bununna. 
 
 From bundkurna. 
 
 Blockade, p hula bund. 
 Blockhead, kumla, baola, beuql. 
 Blood, loohoo. 
 
 From lolioo. 
 
 Blood (to), loohoo kudhna, loohoo ch hudouna. 
 Blood-guiltiness, khoonee. 
 Bloodily, kutortaee. 
 Bloodshed, loohoo kanee. 
 Blood-shedder, khoonee. 
 Blood-shot, lal uk heen. 
 Blood-thirsty, loohoo da tihaya. 
 Blood-vessel, loohoo dee nar. 
 
BLd ( 28 ) BOG 
 
 Bloody, loohoo da. 
 Bloody-minded, kutortaee, kutor. 
 Blooming, p,liool da. 
 Blossom, dodee. 
 Blot, toobka. 
 Blotch, k hil. 
 Blow, sut. 
 
 A tliump. 
 
 Blow (to), wugna. 
 
 As wind. 
 
 Blubber (to), rona. 
 Bludgeon, dang, lat jiee, gudda. 
 Blue, neela. 
 Bluff, soojya lioya, krodhwan. 
 
 Swelled. Surly. 
 
 Bluish, neela sa. 
 Blunder, bjiool, vissur. 
 Blunderbuss, qurabeen. 
 Blunderer, bhoolun wala, vusaroo. 
 Blunt, k hoonda, mota. 
 Bluntly, kurruraee. 
 
 Rouglilj. 
 
 Blur, ueb. 
 
 Blush (to), shurmindu bona. 
 
 Bluster (to), kookna, roula, pouna. 
 
 Boar, soour. 
 
 Board, tukhtee. 
 
 Board (to), churh jana. 
 
 Board-wages, rojeenu. 
 
 Boast (to), lufafu kurna, ghupee, hou marna. 
 
 Boat, beree. 
 
 Boatman, mulahme. 
 
 Boatswain, meo. 
 
 Bob (to), ghote k hana, j het met,h kurna. 
 
 Bode (to), sugon dena. 
 
 Bodement, sugon. 
 
 Bodiless, bed,hur. 
 
 Bodily pindeda, d hurda. 
 
 Body, pinda, shureer, d hur. 
 
 Body-clothes, gurdunee, j.hool. 
 
 Of horses. Of elephants. 
 
 Bog, chikor. 
 
BOG ( 29 ) BOR 
 
 Boggle (to), juko tuke kurna. 
 
 Boil, p hora. 
 
 Boil (to), oobulna, letee kurnee. 
 
 As water. 
 
 Boiler, koomb deg h, 
 
 Boisterous, d hoond. 
 
 Bold, nirb hao, bedur, bedhuruk. 
 
 Boldface, bedur, behya. 
 
 Boldly, bedjiuruk, nid huruk. 
 
 Bolster, surliaiia. 
 
 Bolt, koonda. 
 
 Of a door. 
 
 Bomb, gobara da gola. 
 
 Bombard (to), gobara chulouna. 
 
 Bombaredar, gobardier, gobarchee. 
 
 Bombast, lufafu, ghupee, jakuree. 
 
 Bond, tumussook, likht. 
 
 Bondage, tuhul poona, budra poona. 
 
 Bondmaid, golee budree. 
 
 Bond-servant, budra. 
 
 Bone, huddee. 
 
 Bone-setter, huddee churhouun wala. 
 
 Bonfire, lumb, lath, b hanboar. 
 
 Bonny, chunga, sujda. 
 
 Bony, huddeeda. 
 
 Booby, kumla. 
 
 Book, pot hee. 
 
 Book-binder, jiltgur. 
 
 Book-keeper, husabee, lekhedar. 
 
 Book-learned, gyanee. 
 
 Book-seller, kitab vechun wala. 
 
 Boon, bukshya hoya, ditta hoya, inam. 
 
 Boor, goowar, gowar. 
 
 Boot, lub h. 
 
 Booty, loot. 
 
 Borax, sohaga. 
 
 Border, wut, bunna, hudd. 
 
 Boundary. 
 
 Borderer, kunde ruhne wala. 
 Bore, chek. 
 
 Born, pyda hoya, jumya hoya. 
 Borne, chookya hoya. 
 
BOR ( 30 ) BRA 
 
 Borrow (to), muiigunna. 
 
 Bosom, hek cli hatee. 
 
 Botch, kil. 
 
 Both, dowe. 
 
 Bottom, heth. 
 
 Bottomless, beut hah, beshoomar. 
 
 Bough, dan, tan, tanee. 
 
 Bought, molya hoy a. 
 
 Bounce, koodunna. 
 
 Bound, chungee. 
 
 Boundary, hudd, wut, bunna, kunda. 
 
 Bounden, chaheda, loreeda. 
 
 Boundless, behudda. 
 
 Bounteous, dittar, poon, atemee. 
 
 Bounty, dittardee. 
 
 Bourne, hudd, wut, bunna, kunda, bunera. 
 
 Bout, phera, dum. 
 
 Turu. 
 
 Bow (to), neona, j hookna. 
 
 Bow (a), kuman. 
 
 Bowels, unturee, anduran. 
 
 Bow-legged, thibba, kribba. 
 
 Bow-man, kumanchee. 
 
 Bow-string, chhilla. 
 
 Boxer, mookee marun wala, ghoosoon marun wala. 
 
 Boy, moonda, baluk, chhokra. 
 
 Brace (to), bununna, kusna. 
 
 Bracelet, kurrah, chooreean, ghokuroo. 
 
 For men. For women. 
 
 Brackish, k hara. 
 
 As water. 
 
 Brag (to), lufafu kurna, ghup marna. 
 Braggart, lufafee, phour, ghupee. 
 Brain, taloo, mughz, kirpal, koopal. 
 Brake, kundyan, da j har. 
 Bramble, kunda. 
 Bran, soora, sooree. 
 Branch, dal, tan. 
 
 Of a tree. 
 
 Brand (to), dag h dena. 
 Brandish, pherna. 
 Brasier, thuteear, t hutera. 
 
BRA ( 31 ) BRI 
 
 Brass, pitul. 
 
 From peetul. 
 
 Brat, moonda, lounda. 
 
 Bravado, lifafee, phouree, ghupee. 
 
 Brave, soorma, diler, hat ha. 
 
 Brave (to), soormut kurna, hath kurna. 
 
 Bravo, wah wah, chunga, huteeara. 
 
 Assassin. 
 
 Brawl, rowla kurna, bookwa kurna. 
 
 Brawn, soour da mas. 
 
 Brawny, oodum, tukra. 
 
 Bray (to), hingna. 
 
 Brazen, pitulda. [kurna. 
 
 Brazen (to), shekhee kurna, mugrooree kurna, mujaj 
 
 Brazen-faced, behijja, naluj, beshurm. 
 
 Breach, morah. 
 
 Bread, rotee. 
 
 Breadth, choura. 
 
 Break (to), torna, tor sootna, murka dena. 
 
 Breast, hek, chhatee. 
 
 Breast-high, bubur, bubur jeha. 
 
 As a water. 
 
 Breast-plate, chupras. 
 
 Breast-work, bubur, bubur pur. 
 
 Breath, sah, sas. 
 
 Breathe (to), sahna, dum lena, sow as lena. 
 
 Breathless, bedum, besuha. 
 
 Breech, kothee. 
 
 Of a gun 
 
 Breed (to), wudouna. 
 
 As cattle. 
 Breed, jat, kol. 
 Breeze, wao pawunloh, loh loh dee boola. 
 
 When very hot. 
 
 Brethren, praonan, bhaee charu. 
 Brevity, chhotaee. 
 Brew (to), kurral poona kurna. 
 Brewer, kurral, kurral khanu. 
 
 Brew-house. 
 
 Bribe (to), wuddee denee, wuddee khor. 
 
 A receiver of bribes. 
 Brick, et. 
 Brick-bat, etran, rora 
 
BRI ( 32 ) BRO 
 
 Brick-dust, peepoon. 
 
 Brick-kiln, aw a. 
 
 Brick-layer, raj. 
 
 Brick-maker, puthera. 
 
 Bridal, veeahda. 
 
 Bride, laree, bunee, veeandur. 
 
 Bridge, pool. 
 
 Bridle, lugam, kuryala. 
 
 Brief, thora. 
 
 Brier, kiinda. 
 
 Brigade, bera. 
 
 Brigand, dharawee, pere da, munookh. 
 
 Bright, chilukda, lishkda, j hulukda, j hum kuda. 
 
 Brim, kunda, bunna. 
 
 Brim (to), b hurna. 
 
 Brimstone, gundhuk. 
 
 Brindled, dharee, gudra. 
 
 Brine, khara. 
 
 Bring (to), leouna. 
 
 Brink, kunda mun. 
 
 As of a well. 
 
 Brisk, chalak, chhola. 
 
 Bristle, soour da wal. 
 
 Bristler, nurm, kuchha jiha, tootun wallee. 
 
 Broad, choura. 
 
 Broad-cloth, bunat. 
 
 Broaden (to), choura kurna, mokula kurna. 
 
 To widen, as clothes. 
 
 Broad-shouldered, mour choure. 
 
 Broad-side, baee purne. 
 
 Broad-sword, k hunda. 
 
 Brocage, nufedaree. 
 
 Brogue, zuban, bolee. 
 
 Broider, doredar, pyreean. 
 
 Broil, j hugra, roula, j hanj ha. 
 
 Broken, tootun wala, kuch ha jiha. 
 
 Broken-hearted, mun moa. 
 
 Brokerage, bisuntee, choorguree da kum. 
 
 Brood, butcha, boat. 
 
 Brook, nullah. 
 
 Broom, j haroo, buharee, soon. 
 
BRO ( 33 ) BUN 
 
 Brothel, kunjur khaiiu, kusbee ghur. 
 
 Brother, b had. 
 
 Brotherhood, bhaee chara. 
 
 Brow, mutha, mustook. 
 
 Browbeat (to), durounna, kumbounna. 
 
 Brown, bhoora. 
 
 Browse (to), j har choogna. 
 
 Bruise, sut, rurak, chot. 
 
 Brunt, bulla. 
 
 Brush (to), j.haroo dena. 
 
 Brustle, turakee ounnee, putakee pounee. 
 
 Brutality, kuthoree. 
 
 Brute, pussoo, dhor, d,handa, dungor. 
 
 Bubble, bool boola. 
 
 Bubby, mumma, chooehee, kooch. 
 
 Bucket, kasa. 
 
 Buckle, buksooa. 
 
 Buckle (to), buksooa louna. 
 
 Buckler, d hal. 
 
 Buck-skin, hurndee k hul, mirganee. 
 
 Bud (to), dodee lugnee. 
 
 Budge (to), pure ho janna. 
 
 Budget, gootlee. 
 
 Buffet (to), mook hee marna, ghoosoon marna. 
 
 Buffle (to), duko dole laonee. 
 
 Buffoon, nukulee, sangee, titchuree. 
 
 Buffoonery, nukul poona, sang poona, titchur poona. 
 
 Bug, kutooa, mangnoo, kutmul. 
 
 Build (to), osarna. 
 
 Builder, raj, rajgur. 
 
 Building, imarut. 
 
 Bulb, gurot, gundee, gutta. 
 
 Bulky, mota, wuda. 
 
 Bull, andoor. 
 
 Bullet, golee. 
 
 Bullion, solak. 
 
 Bullock, bould. 
 
 Bully (a), sutoune wala. 
 
 Bulwark, d boor k bote. 
 
 Bump (to), pase mama, gussar dena. 
 
 Bunch (a), g,hoochu, j hubba, chubba. 
 
BUN ( 34 ) BYP 
 
 Bundle, ghunduree, ghuturee, piind. 
 
 Bung, gutta. 
 
 Bungle (to), jilla or Jidda poona kurna. 
 
 Bungler (to), jil poone wala. 
 
 Buoyant, toolla. 
 
 Burden, pund, boj ha. 
 
 Burglary, pare wala, sun wala. 
 
 Burial, nupya hoya. 
 
 Burly, mota. 
 
 Burn (to), siskarna, sarna, dag,li dena. 
 
 Burnish, shikul kurnee. 
 
 Burst (to), pat jana, p his pyna, bhuj pyna. 
 
 As leather. As a boil. As -wood or the body of a man. 
 
 Bury (to), nupna. 
 
 Bush, j,har. 
 
 Busy, buhoota kurna. 
 
 Busy-body, poochonnika, praepooch. 
 
 But, pur. 
 
 Butcher, qusaee. 
 
 But-end, dumoosa. 
 
 Butler, lunguree, rusoee prya, gudwyee. 
 
 Cook. As table attendant, cup bearer. 
 
 Butment, boorj, dum duma. 
 
 Butt, nishanu, tukur marnee, b herna. 
 
 A target. To butt as rams. 
 
 Butter, mukhun. 
 
 Butterfly, b houra, b,hoon. 
 
 Butter-milk, lusee, shah kussa. 
 
 Buttock, chittur. 
 
 Button, doda. 
 
 Button-hole, g,hoondee. 
 
 Buttress, boorj ee. 
 
 Buxom, hus mook h, deedaree, chunga. 
 
 Buy (to), mol lena. 
 
 Buzz (to), g.hookna, bhinukna. 
 
 By, te, se, t hon. 
 
 By-and-by, urse nal. 
 
 Bybag, t hylee. 
 
 Bye, buk, udh. 
 
 By-path, churee dundee.* 
 
 ' * The Sikhs never use the word pugdundee, because pug, with them, 
 signifies a Turhan, and is never applied to the word Foot. 
 
BYS ( 35 ) CAL 
 
 By-stander, pas krone wala. 
 By-street, ehura muhula. 
 By-word, urth, kuhawut. 
 
 C. 
 
 Cabal, suth, koo soob,ha. 
 
 Cabbage, kurm. 
 
 Cabin, kotbree. 
 
 Cable, luj, bel, lah. 
 
 Cackle (to), koor koor kurna. [jui'd. 
 
 Cadaverous, moorduhan, ooduraee, ooduree hooee, cbirha 
 
 Cadent, ooturda, pynda. 
 
 Cadet, asawunt, oomedwar. 
 
 Cage, pinjura. 
 
 Cajole (to), pulosna, wudeeouna. 
 
 Caitiff, k hutchura, huram jadu, Jihotah. 
 
 Cake, mun rotee. 
 
 Calamity, iifat, bula. 
 
 Calcareous, cboone vurga. 
 
 Calculate (to), husab kurna. 
 
 Calculator, husabee, lekha, likhe baj. 
 
 Caldron, degh. 
 
 Calefy (to), tutta kurna. 
 
 Calendar (a), putree. 
 
 Calf, wuchu, kutta. 
 
 Of cows. Of buffaloes. 
 
 Caliber, giran da. 
 
 Call (to), sud lena, kood lena. 
 
 Call, dawa. 
 
 Claim. 
 
 Calling, kisub, kum. 
 
 Profession. Employment. 
 
 Callosity, goomee, gillur, goomrouree. 
 
 A hard swelling. 
 
 Callous, soon. 
 
 Insensible. 
 
 Calm (to), munouna. 
 Calm, dul. 
 
 As water when not agitated. 
 
 Calomel, para. 
 
 Calve (to), wuchu dena, kutta dena. 
 
 As a cow. As a buffaloe. 
 
CAL ( 36 ) CAP 
 
 Calumniate (to), ooj,h lounee, toohmut lounee. 
 
 Camel, oot. 
 
 Camp, kumpoo. 
 
 Campaign, molut ursu. 
 
 Campestral, k hetan vich jumdee, syee. 
 
 Growing in the fields. Spontaneous. 
 
 Camphire, kupoor. 
 Canal, nyhur. 
 
 From nuhr. 
 
 Cancel (to), mes dena, chek dena, mitta dena* 
 Candid, sucheea. 
 Candidate, oomedwar, asawunt. 
 Candour, sucheeaee. 
 Cane, byt. 
 
 Canine, kootte vurga, or jiha. 
 Dog. Like. 
 
 Caning, byt marnee. 
 Canker (to), pajunna. 
 Cannibal, rakhus. 
 Cannonade (to), top chulna. 
 Cannonier, topchee. 
 Canoe, lukree de polar. 
 Canopy, chanunee, chaeeawan. 
 Cant (to), pulosna, wudeeouna. 
 Canter (to), por pouna. 
 
 As a horse. 
 
 Canvass, tupree, tupoor. 
 Cany, vunj, vurga. 
 Cap,pug. 
 
 Turban. 
 
 Capability, himmut, tagut, foorsut. 
 Capable, laeq, chunga, joga. 
 Capacious, mokula k hola. 
 
 From moonh k hola. 
 
 Capacitate (to), la6q h5 jana, chunga kurna. 
 Capacity, uql wala, uql tej, chuturaee. 
 Caparison (to), singarna, singarya hoya. 
 
 Caparison of a horse. 
 
 Caper (to), koodunna. 
 
 Capias, purwanu kufna, munookhnoon, hajir kurna. 
 
 Capital, poonjee, kool jumu, 2 tununtur shuhur. 
 
 Stock. Chief city. 
 
 Capital, buhoot chunga. 
 
CAP ' ( 37 ) CAR 
 
 Capitulate (to), mil pjna, munjoor kurna. 
 
 Caprice, tikkee mujajee. 
 
 Captain, koomedan. 
 
 Captious, krodhee, tukraree. 
 
 Captivate, phur lena, vus kurna, moh lenee. 
 
 As a prisoner. To charm. 
 
 Captive, dhuk, bundooa. 
 
 Captivity, qyd poona, dhuk wuda. 
 
 Captor, phurun wala. 
 
 Cart, rera, guddee. 
 
 Caravan, kurewan. 
 
 Caravansary, surah. 
 
 Carabine, qurabeen. 
 
 Carbinier, qurabeenee. 
 
 Carbuncle, mukoura. 
 
 Carcase, loth, moordu. 
 
 Card (to), oone penjna, rooh penjna* 
 
 Wool. To card cotton. 
 
 Carder, dhooneea, penjur, telee. 
 
 Care, chinta, sog, wuswas. 
 
 Care (to, for), het rukhna, sundeho kurna. 
 
 Career, oomrdee goojur, or goojur deeoomr. 
 
 Careful, khuburdar, hoshdar, soochet. 
 
 Carelessness, ghafilee. 
 
 Caress (to), peear kurna, het kurna. 
 
 Cargo, k hep. 
 
 Carman, guddee or rera waone wala. 
 
 Carnage, qutl, wadh. 
 
 Carnal, kamee, rundee baz. 
 
 Carnivorous, mas khoia. 
 
 Carol (to), kulol kurnee, gouna. 
 
 Carouse (to), khooshee kurna. 
 
 Carpenter, badee, tuk han. 
 
 Carpet (to), ghuleechu, vichouna. 
 
 Carriage, b har burdaree. 
 
 Carrier, pandee. 
 
 Carrion, turukya gosht, surya hoya mas. 
 
 Carrot, gajur. 
 
 Carry (to), chookna, chukna. 
 
 Cart (to), gudde oote ludna. 
 
 Carter, guddee waone wala or boune wala. 
 
CAR ( 38 ) CAT 
 
 Cartload, guddee da b,har. 
 
 Cartouch, tosdan, sing,hra.* 
 
 Cartridge, cartoos. 
 
 Cartridge-box, tosdan. 
 
 Cart-rut, leehee, guddee dee leehee. 
 
 Cart-road, guddee or vereaii darah. 
 
 Cart-wriglit, tukhan.f 
 
 Carve (to), chitur karee kurnee. 
 
 Carver, chiturgur. 
 
 In wood or stone. 
 
 Cascade, d hara ruruk. 
 Case, boog, 2 uhwal 
 
 Covering. Circumstance. 
 
 Case-knife, kurd. 
 Casement, chogat. 
 Cash, rok, nugud. 
 
 For nuqd. 
 
 Cash-book, rok rokawu, nugud bu nugdee. 
 Cashier, khuzanchee, 2 nawa kutouna. 
 
 Cash-keeper. Dismiss. 
 
 Cash, dhol, dholuk. 
 
 For powder. 
 
 Casket, pitaree. 
 
 Cast (a), bhynga, teera. 
 
 A squint. 
 
 Cast (to), sootna. 
 
 Cast-away, ch hudya hoya, tyagya hoya. 
 
 Castigate (to), kootna. 
 
 Casting-net, jal koondeedar. 
 
 Castrate (to), khusee kurna, khosura, hijura kurna. 
 
 Animals. Men. 
 
 Casual, ootne chair vich, chanchuk. 
 Casually, kudhe, kudhain. 
 Cat, billee, billabar, billa. 
 Catacombs, soomard. 
 Catalogue, bunist. 
 Cataract, dhara, ruruk. 
 
 Cascade. 
 
 Catastrophe, ufat, bula. 
 Catch (to), phurna. 
 
 * The Sikhs formerly only used a sing,hra or horn for powder, 
 t No separate calling, carts being made by a tuk^han, or carpenter 
 
CAT ( 39 ) CEL 
 
 Categorical, kool koola, kliood khoodan. 
 
 Absolute. Positive. 
 
 Category, sir, nawu. 
 
 Class. Order. 
 
 Catenation, sungul. 
 
 Cater (to), kothree burdar, jukeer rukhna. 
 
 To lay in supplies. 
 
 Caterpillar, kootura. 
 Caterwaul (to), mukee ouna. 
 Cat-gut, ojuree da tar, rude dee tar. 
 
 The entrails. String. 
 
 Cattle, sliair, wug, khunda, buleda vusheek. 
 
 Of all kinds. Cows. Buffaloes. Bullocks. Calves. 
 
 Caught, p hurya hoya. 
 
 Cauliflower, kurum phool. 
 
 Causal, kurun wala. 
 
 Cause, subub, ise kurke, ise wasta, ise dee leee. 
 
 On this account. 
 
 Causeless, besubub. 
 Cauterize (to), dagh dena, sar dena. 
 Caution, chutraee, joogut. 
 Caution (to), cbitouna, dusna. 
 Cavalcade, uswaree. 
 Cavalier, churbee uswar. 
 Cavalierly, mugrooree, mujajee. 
 Cavalry, uswar, ghor churha. 
 Cave, k hud, k hoondur, goop ha. 
 
 Cavern. 
 
 Cavern, goop,ha. 
 
 Cavil (to), tukrar kurna. 
 
 Caviler, tukraree. 
 
 Cavity, goopha. 
 
 Caw (to), kawkaw kurna. louna. 
 
 Cease (to), hut jana. 
 
 Cedar, umbultas. 
 
 Cede (to), de dena. 
 
 To yield up. 
 
 Ceiling, chhut. 
 Celebrate (to), ruchouna. 
 Celebrity, mushahooree, oojaguree. 
 Celestial, bykoonthee, soorg d bam. 
 Celibacy, koara churha, ch hindak. 
 Cell, bhora. 
 
CEM ( 40 ) CHA 
 
 Cement, paj, gund. 
 
 Cemetery, gor kjianu qub ur k hnnu. 
 
 Censorious, krodhee hain seeara. 
 
 Censurable, laeq tokne dee. 
 
 Censure (to), oolama dena, tokna. 
 
 Cent, sou. 
 
 Centipede, kunkhujoora, kunkol. 
 
 Centre, mudh, vich. 
 
 Century, sou wurru. 
 
 Certain, juroor, beshuq. 
 
 Certificate, chittee, hurdas. 
 
 Certify (to), oojagur kurna, jahir kurna. 
 
 Cerulean, asmanee. 
 
 Cess, muhsool, jug ad. 
 
 A tax-rate. 
 
 Cessation, hut jana, mouqoof bona. 
 
 Chafe (to), k hulya pynean. 
 
 Chaff, tooree, putte, neera. 
 
 Chagrin, dilgeeree, humsosee. 
 
 Chain, sungul. 
 
 Chain-shot, bail, kamp. 
 
 Chair, koorsee. 
 
 Chairman, kuhar mairee, j heewur. 
 
 Chalk, gajunee, jachunee mittee, chittee mittee. 
 
 Chalk-cutter, gajunee koot. 
 
 Chalk-pit, gajunee da toa. 
 
 Challenge (to), lulkarna. 
 
 Chamber, kot hree. 
 
 Chameleon, kirla. 
 
 Champaign, mydan, rour. 
 
 Champion, ukhare dee luraee, akh^re da lurun wala. 
 
 Chance (to), hojana, chanchuk bona, pjndur pyna. 
 
 Chance, itna, cheer vich. 
 
 By accident. 
 
 Change (to), wutouna. 
 
 Exchange. 
 
 Channel, breta. 
 
 The course of a stream. 
 
 Chant (to), gouna. 
 
 Chaos, put bur rore de jumeen, d^bibur d bore. 
 
 Chap (a) tair, puktair. 
 
 A cleft. Opening 
 
CHA ( 41 ) CHI 
 
 Chap-fallen, ooclas, odur jana. 
 
 Chapter, dhyao. 
 
 Character, namdaree. 
 
 Charcoal, koela. 
 
 Charge (to), hulla kurna, pura bundna, hookm dena. 
 
 Attack. Order (to.) 
 
 Chargeable, qeemut dar. 
 
 Expensive. 
 
 Charger, jungwala ghora. 
 Charitable, dyawunt. 
 Charity, dya, poon. 
 Charm (to), mohunna. 
 
 Bewitch. 
 
 Charming, buhoot or khuree chungee. 
 Chart, nuqshu. 
 
 As of a country. 
 
 Chary, joogutee. 
 
 Thrifty. 
 
 Chase, shikar. 
 
 Chase (to), shikar k helna. 
 
 Chasm, tair, puktair. 
 
 Chasten (to), marna, kootunna. 
 
 Chastisement, markhaee. 
 
 Chastity, sut wuntee, sut. 
 
 Chat (to), gulan kurneean. 
 
 Chattel, vulewu, usbab, niksook. 
 
 Chatter, (to), bookwa kurna. 
 
 Cheapen (to), susta kurna. 
 
 Cheerful, sookltee, rajee. 
 
 Cheat (to), thugouna, ghoosouna. 
 
 Check (to), hutkunna, tokna, vurjunna. 
 
 Cheek, gul. 
 
 Cheek-bone, hurba. 
 
 Cheer, jug. 
 
 Entertainment. 
 
 Cheerfully, khooshee nal, mouj nal, luhr nal. 
 
 Cherish (to), palna. 
 
 Cherub, furishta. 
 
 Chess, shutrunj. 
 
 Chest, sundooq. 
 
 Chew (to), buch kouna, buchake marne. 
 
 Chicane, chhulya. 
 
 G 
 
CHI ( 42 ) CIN 
 
 Chick, kokoor da butcha. 
 Chicken-hearted, kookoor dila. 
 Chide (to), hut kunna, tokna, vurjunna. 
 Chief, sirdar, 2 uksur. 
 
 Leader. Principal. 
 
 Chiefly, uksur. 
 
 Child, ningur eeana moonda. 
 
 A week to a montli old Of six months 6 to 10 years. 
 
 Child-bearing, oomedwaree, adham. 
 
 Child-birth, jumunna. 
 
 Child-hood, baluk poona. 
 
 Child-less, be oulad, oun turani, khutrani pootr. 
 
 Child-like, baluk jeha. 
 
 Chill, thund. 
 
 Chilly, surdee. 
 
 Chimera, wyhumee, khyalee. 
 
 Chimney, loombee. 
 
 Chin, t hodee. 
 
 Chink, j hatee moree. 
 
 Chintz, chheet. 
 
 Chip, kisee, chirfat, chiring 
 
 Chirp (to), chookna. 
 
 Chisel (to), chitunee or sutra kurna. 
 
 Chit-chat, gulan kurneean. 
 
 Chivalry, soormut da kum. 
 
 Choice, pusund. 
 
 Choke (to), sung phasna, sunge lugunna. 
 
 Cholera, hyeeur. 
 
 Choleric, tulukh mijaj. 
 
 Choose (to), pusund kurna. 
 
 Chop (to), wud sitna. 
 
 Chopping, wud o wudee. 
 
 Chosen, choonya giya, pusund kur lya. 
 
 Chronology, thithwar janna, tareek sal puhchanna. 
 
 Chrysalis, bhoond. 
 
 Chuckle (to), dilhusee kurna. 
 
 Chum (a), humjolee. 
 
 Churchyard, qubur k hanu. 
 
 Churl (a), guwar. 
 
 Churn (to), rirrikna. 
 
 Cimeter, peshkubz. 
 
 Cinder, khak, soha, bhusm. 
 
CIN ( 43 ) CLA 
 
 Cinnamon, dalcheenee. 
 
 Cipher, bindee, soon. 
 
 Circle, g,hera. 
 
 Circuitous, p,her. 
 
 Circular, ghera, chukkur. 
 
 Circulate (to), dikhala dena. 
 
 Circumambulate (to), gird nuwaee kurna. 
 
 Circumference, g.hera. 
 
 Circumfluent, oodare wouna. 
 
 Circumfuse (to), cliufere rukhna, chufere p^herna. 
 
 Circumjacent, oodale, kol kol. 
 
 Circumlocution, lumbee kuhanee. 
 
 Circumscribe (to), wut bununnee. 
 
 Circumspect, tukra, hoshiar, chooskaee. 
 
 Circumspection. 
 
 Circumstance, uhwal, verwar. 
 Circumstantial, jeon ka teon, jysa sa tjsa. 
 Circumstantiate (to), theek, such dusna. 
 Circumvallation, wulya hoya. 
 Circumvention, thugaee. 
 Cir cum vest, paona, oodare ruk^hna. 
 
 To cover. 
 
 Circumvolve (to), oodare p hirna, b hounna. 
 Circus, ukhara. 
 Cistern, houd. 
 
 From houz. 
 
 Citadel, qilla. 
 Cite (to), sud lena. 
 Citizen, shuhuree. 
 Citrine or citron, gulgul. 
 City, shuhur, nugur. 
 
 Town. 
 
 Civility, khooshamudee, uhsanee. 
 
 Civilization, uwudanee. 
 
 Clack (to), bukkar kurna. 
 
 Clad, pynya hoya. 
 
 Claim, dawa, mutubul. 
 
 Claimant, mutubulee, dawe khora. 
 
 Clamber (to), churhna. 
 
 Clammy, pilpil, pilla. 
 
 Clamor, roula, j hugra, j hanj ha. 
 
 Clamp, putreean. 
 
CLA ( 44 ) CLO 
 
 Clan, jat. 
 
 Clandestine, looqaya hoya. 
 
 Clap (to), gidda marna, touree marnee. 
 
 Clarify (to), saf kurna, poona. 
 
 Clash, t hunaka, tukkur k haee. 
 
 Clasp (to), j hupee pounee. 
 
 Clasp (a), buksooa. 
 
 Class (to), ek sura kurna. 
 
 Class, jat. 
 
 Clatter (to), t hunukna, thunnuka, k hurukna. 
 
 Clause, joomlu. 
 
 Claw, noundra, nuk. 
 
 Of tiofer, doff, cat. Of birds. 
 
 Clay, eheekunee mittee. 
 
 Clean, sufa, chitta. 
 
 Cleanse (to), sufa kurna, manj huna. 
 
 Clearness, nimbulaee. 
 
 Clear-sighted, bood hwan. 
 
 Cleave (to), tuk louna. 
 
 Cleft, tukya hoya. 
 
 Clemency, huleemee, rehmee. 
 
 From ruhmee. 
 
 Clench (to), sunsa bunona, tung kurna, gotna. 
 
 Clerk, likharee. 
 
 Clever, chalak, chutra. 
 
 Clew, ruttee, putta. 
 
 Climate, panee hor paan, wao panee. 
 
 Climb (to), churhna. 
 
 Clinch (to), bununna. 
 
 Cling (to), chumbur jana, hut hee pyree pjna. 
 
 Clink (to), t hunkouna, tukorna. 
 
 Clip (to), kooturna. 
 
 Cloak, choga. 
 
 Clock, g huree. 
 
 Clock-maker, ghuree bunoun wala. 
 
 Clod, d heema, rora. 
 
 Clog (to), khoob h jana. 
 
 Clog (a), mojunna, joor, dhyhur. 
 
 As on a horse's leg. 
 
 Close (to), bund kurna. 
 
 Close-handed, mujee poona, soompuna. 
 
 Closure, g,heree hoee, war keetee hoee. 
 
CLO ( 45 ) COA 
 
 Clot, guleta lioya, chicliree hoe hoe. 
 
 Clotted, as blood. 
 
 Cloth, kupra, bunatee. 
 
 Linen covering, broad-cloth. 
 
 Clothe (to), kupra pounna. 
 
 Clothing, poshak, pynunnee. 
 
 Cloud, budulee. 
 
 Cloudiness, budulwaee. 
 
 Cloudless, niturya hoya, nimbul hoya. 
 
 Clove (a), loung. 
 
 Clove, wudya hoya, pata hoya. 
 
 Cloven, f khoorundee. 
 
 Cloven-footed, [ As a deer or cow's foot. 
 
 Clout, nung purunga. 
 
 Clown, guwar. 
 
 Cloy (to), ogulij jana, mun hutna. 
 
 Club, dang, dungoree, lathee. 
 
 Club-headed, sir b,hara, wud sira, gudda. 
 
 Cluck (to), koorkoor kurna. 
 
 Clump, boojah. 
 
 Clumsy, unaree, dhuk ke khora. 
 
 Clung, liput gya. 
 
 Cluster, ghoocha. 
 
 Clutch (to), pukurna, p hurna, j huputna. 
 
 Clutter (to), khurukna, thy kunna, thun kunna. 
 
 Clyster, pichkaree. 
 
 Coacervate, ukut ha hoya, dher, bol, dunda. 
 
 As money. As grain. As straw. 
 
 Coact (to), ukut he hona, ukut ha jor louna. 
 
 Coaction, bewus. 
 
 Coadjutor, suhayutdar, mududdar, humayutdar. 
 
 Coagment, ukutha keeta hoya. 
 
 Coagulate, jum jana, chichure gutule. 
 
 As milk. As blood or water. 
 
 Coalesce (to), ukut,ha hona, miljana. 
 Coarse, mota, gara. 
 
 As linen cloth or grain. 
 
 Coarsely, motaee, sungunaee. 
 
 Coast, durya de, bunne bunne, kunde kunde. 
 
 Coat, koortee. 
 
 Coax (to), pulosna, vurouna. 
 
 Coaxer, verichun wala. 
 
COB ( 46 ) coi 
 
 Cobble (to), buiiouna, suwarna. 
 
 Cobbler, mocliee. 
 
 Cobweb, kyhene, dajala. 
 
 Cochineal, kirm. 
 
 Cock (to), sidha kurna, khura kurna. 
 
 Cock, kookoor. 
 
 Cock-a-hoop, khooshee nal. 
 
 Cock-crowing, kookoor dee bang, bang dena. 
 
 To crow. 
 
 Cock-fight, kookooran dee luraee. 
 
 Cockle (to), surgur jana, chirooryan pyneean. 
 
 To shrink up. To run into wrinkles, as the face. 
 
 Cocks-comb, kulgee, bodah. 
 Cock-sure, jukeen kurke. 
 Cocoa, nuljer, khopar. 
 Coction, oobulya hoya, ridda hoya. 
 Coefficient, nal lugke kurna. 
 
 Working together. 
 
 Coemption, khureedoo,, ikut ha lena. 
 
 Coequal, eko jihe. 
 
 Coequality, ekse vurge, eko poona. 
 
 Coerce (to), dhukum, dhuke kurna. 
 
 Coercion, d hukum, dhuke, khake. 
 
 Coeval, eko jihe oomr. 
 
 Co-exist (to), bura burabur rehna. 
 
 Co-extend (to), eko jihe rehna. 
 
 Coffer, khuzane da sundooq. 
 
 Cogent, khura, such, juroor. 
 
 Cogitation, duleel, such, sumujh. 
 
 Cognizable, jachun wala. 
 
 Cognominal, eke nao de, sir nawya. 
 
 Cognoscible, muloom kurna, syannunna. 
 
 Cohabit (to), nal ruhna, ghurwasee rehna. 
 
 Cohabitant, ukuthe ruhne wala. 
 
 Coheir, burabur hissa lene wala. 
 
 Cohere (to), chumur jana, jor jana, libbur jana. 
 
 Cohibit (to), mune kurna, hutuk dena. 
 
 To restrain. 
 
 Coil, wul. 
 
 Coin, nugud, roopye, rok. 
 
 Coin (to), roopye kurna, roopje bunna. 
 
 Coincide (to), ek mun bona. 
 
coi ( 47 ) COM 
 
 Coincidence, ek sulah, eko mut. 
 
 Coition, nal ruhna, bhog kurna. 
 
 Cojoin, riila clena, mila dena. 
 
 Cold, seet, thund. 
 
 Colic, sool thed vich. 
 
 Collapse (to), tukkur khanee, thy kunna. 
 
 Collate (to), milouna. 
 
 Collateral, bura burabur, mood o moodee. 
 
 Colleague, sanj hee bhyal, hissu wala. 
 
 Collect (to), ukutha kurna, jumu kurna. 
 
 Collection, juma, dher. 
 
 Collector, kardar. 
 
 College, tunksal. 
 
 Collision, tukkur khadee hooee. 
 
 Colloquy, gulan kurneean. 
 
 Collusion, chhul, dug ha. 
 
 Colon, andara. 
 
 Colonel, kurnel (corruption of the English word). 
 
 Colonization, awadanee, soraeen. 
 
 Colonize (to), awadanee kurnee, soraeen kurnee. 
 
 Colonnade, pal dee pal, t.humma. 
 
 Color (to), rungna. 
 
 Colorless, phika nima. 
 
 Colors, nishan. 
 
 Colt, vushera. 
 
 Column, moonara, boorjee, 2 udha pasa. 
 
 Of less height. A columu of a page. 
 
 Comate, dil da dost, hit karee. 
 Comatose, oonglanda. 
 
 Drowsy, given to much sleep. 
 
 Comb (to), kung kurna. 
 
 Combat (to), luraee kurna. 
 
 Combination, nughadaree. 
 
 Combine (to), milouna, rulouna. 
 
 Combustible, chete surne wala. 
 
 Come (to), ouna. 
 
 Comeliness, sujdee. 
 
 Comet, kulgee wala tara, bodee wala tara, lumbdar 
 
 Comfort, kbater jumaee, khooshee hooee. 
 
 Comfortable, khater jumu. 
 
 Comforter, t hujar kurne w^ala. 
 
COM ( 48 ) COM 
 
 Comfortless, bethujar. 
 
 Coming, ounda. 
 
 Command, hookm. 
 
 Commander, sirdar, foujdar. 
 
 Commemorate (to), din munouna, yad giree kurne 
 
 Commence (to), shona, mcod bunmina. 
 
 Commencement, sliohun lugee, mood bunun luga. 
 
 Commend (to), sulouna. 
 
 Commendable, suloune laeq. 
 
 Commendation, jus. 
 
 Commerce, wut o sitta, wunj da kum. 
 
 Commingle (to), rul jana, rule mile hooe. 
 
 Commiseration, thujar, rulim. 
 
 Commission, pukka lioodu. 
 
 Warrant of office. 
 
 Commissioner, wuda kardar. 
 
 Commit (to), qyd kurna, gulna, somp dena. 
 
 To imprison. To send. To intrust. 
 
 Committee, dikhala. 
 Commix, rulouna 
 
 Mingle together. 
 
 Commodious, joga. 
 
 Commodity, clieez, cbeezwust, niksook. 
 
 Wares. 
 
 Common, kum dee. 
 
 Commonly, uksur. 
 
 Common-place-book, chuputa, wjliee, purcha. 
 
 Commotion, hukamu. 
 
 From hungamu. 
 
 Commune (to), gulan kurneean. 
 
 Communicate (to), kliubur kurne, dus dena. 
 
 Community, mujlis. 
 
 Commute (to), ooludna pooludna. 
 
 Compact (to), milouna. 
 
 Compact, shurt, mithnee. 
 
 Companion, sanj hee, shureek, satliee. 
 
 In trade. In a house. In a journey. 
 
 Company, sohbut, sungut. 
 
 Comparable, vurga. 
 
 Compare (to), wunegee, vekhnee, milouna. 
 
 As grain. Cloth. As men, horses, <fc;c. 
 
 Compassion, dya, ruhmturs. 
 Compatible, laeq, joga. 
 
COM ( 49 ) COM 
 
 Compatriot, eke des da. 
 Compel (to), jor bu jor kurna. 
 Compendious, mithna, vurol, vurol kudhiia. 
 Compensate (to), wutte dena. 
 Competence, rojee. 
 Competent, joga wurga, laeq. 
 Competition, hirs bid hna. 
 Compile (to), virolna, mit hna. 
 
 As a book. 
 
 Complacent, dyawunt, ruseelee wala, pur muhuns. 
 Complain (to), furyad kurnee. 
 Complaisance, ihsanwundee. 
 Complement, moonyad. 
 
 As of a body of men. 
 
 Complete, poora. 
 
 Complex, rulaee hooee. 
 
 Complexion, chehura, soorut, roop. 
 
 Compliance, mununna, qubool. 
 
 Compliant, ihsanwund, beoojr, nurmdila. 
 
 Civil. Yielding, bending. [rean pjnyan. 
 
 Complicate (to), goonjuryan, pyneean, wul pyne, muro- 
 Complication, rulya hoya. 
 Complice, sanj,hee. 
 
 As in a theft. 
 
 Complied, munlya. 
 Compliment, khooshamudee. 
 Complot, sulah mit hre hoee. 
 Comply (to), mun lena. 
 Comport (to), suha sihna. 
 
 To endure. 
 
 Comportment, ruhut, chal chulan. 
 
 Compose (to), bunouna aram kurouna, likha dena. 
 
 To quiet, settle. 
 
 Composure, undol tikya hoya, t hyrya hoya. 
 
 As water. 
 
 Compounded, rulya hoya. 
 
 Comprehend (to), muloom kurna, janunna. 
 
 Comprehension, sumuj h, soort. 
 
 Compress (to), nichorna. 
 
 Comprise (to), pyna. 
 
 Compromise (to), mitouna, musouna. 
 
 Comptible, juwab geer. 
 
 H 
 
COM ( 50 ) CON 
 
 Comptroller, najir, turwaee. 
 
 From nazir. 
 
 Compulsatory, jor bu joree, d hukm d huke. 
 Compunction, humsos. 
 Compute (to), shoomar kurna. 
 Comrade, sathee, nalda. 
 Con (to), sik hna. 
 
 To study, learn. [poneean. 
 
 Concatenate (to), sungolee, bunounee, koondeean. 
 Concave, pola. 
 
 Conceal (to), looqouna, chhipouna, dliukunna, khujunna. 
 Concede (to), muii lena, de dena. 
 Conceited, kliood kbooda pusund. 
 
 Conceive (to), jachna, sumj hna, adham hojana, oomedwa- 
 ree hojana, thed hona. To conceive, as a wonian. 
 
 Concentrate (to), ukutha kurna. 
 
 Conceptible, sumj hune lack. 
 
 Conception, sumujh, adham hoya, oomedwriree hoee hoee. 
 
 Formation in the womb. 
 
 Concern (to), lugna, daw a, ruk,hna. 
 Concerning, babut, vich, jis kurke. 
 Concernment, illaqu, dawa, purojun, waste. 
 Concession, dilla hoya. 
 Conch, sunkee, sunk. 
 
 Small. Large. 
 
 Conciliate (to), munouna. 
 Concise, ch hota, t hora, mit hya hoya. 
 Conclude (to), kur lena, buna lya. 
 
 Conclusion, kum ho hutna. [hojana. 
 
 Concoagulate (to), chichuree, gulete bujunne phitkuree 
 
 As blood. As milk or water. 
 
 Concoct (to), puchm jana, hajm bona. 
 
 As digestion in the stomach. 
 
 Concomitance, nal rehna, sung rehna. 
 Concord, milapee, hit karee. 
 Concordant, laeq da, pusundda. 
 Concourse, b,heer, dulee murnee. 
 Concrete (to), dheree lounee. 
 Concubine, t hurel. 
 Concupiscence, mustee, vigurya. 
 Concur (to), ek mun bona. 
 Concurrence, murjee. 
 
CON ( 51 ) CON 
 
 Concurrent, ukuthe hee milke. 
 Concussion, kumbhee, tukkur. 
 
 As of an earthquake. As of two boats or carriages meeting. 
 
 [rouna. 
 Condemn, (to,) goonahgar thurouna, goonahee thu- 
 Conclensation, ukut ha keeta gya. [kurna. 
 
 Condescend (to), ryayut kurnee, uhsan kurna, mihr 
 Condign, laeq, joga, vurga, jiha. 
 Condition, hal, uhwal, teechu, tukrar. 
 
 Term of agreement. 
 
 Conditional, teechu kurke, tukrar kurke, ursu kurke. 
 
 Condole, humsos kurna, hou ke lenee. 
 
 Condolence, humsosee. 
 
 Conduce (to), lugna. 
 
 Conduct, ryayut, chal chulunee. 
 
 Conductor, sirdar. 
 
 Conduit, nal, nyhur. 
 
 Canal. 
 
 Confabulate (to), gulan kurnyan. 
 Confectioner, hulwaee. 
 
 Confederate (to), booree sulah vich ukuthe hone. 
 Confer (to), gulan kurneean, 2 inam dena. 
 
 Discourse. To bestow. 
 
 Confess (to), mun lena, munjoor kurna. 
 Confident, bhedoo. 
 
 Confide (to), wusa kurna, b hurosa kurna. 
 Confident, juroor, jurooran. 
 
 Positive. 
 
 Confidential, wusa, joga. 
 Confidently, beshuqq, nusung. 
 Confine (to), bun lena, qyd kurna. 
 Confine, hudd, wut, sirhudd. 
 
 Boundary. 
 
 Confinement, qyd vich^ bundee vich. 
 
 Confinity, ase pase, oodare, poodare, lage lage, mood 
 
 mfx)dee, kolo kolee. 
 Confirm (to), sabit kurna, jahir, oojagur kurna. " 
 Confirmation, duleel, sidook. 
 Confiscate (to), kho lenee, jubtur lenee. 
 Confix (to), bununna. 
 
 Conflagrant, nal julna, ukut ha surna, douun lugne. 
 Conflagration, douun lugna. 
 
CON ( 52 ) CON 
 
 Conflict, luraee, jood h, hukama. 
 Confluence, ukutha wugna or bugna.* 
 Conflux, bheer, dulee murnee. 
 
 Crowd. 
 
 Conform (to), ose vurga kurna. 
 
 Adapt, comply. 
 
 Confound (to), hurburouna, uchunj kurna. 
 Confront (to), amo samhne kurna. 
 Confuse (to), okh janna, hurburouna. 
 Confusion, heth oote, hogya rulgya. 
 Confutable, huta dene laeq, hutounee vurgee. 
 Confute (to), joot ha kurna, kail kurna. 
 Conge, vidya or bidya lenee. 
 Congeal (to), chichuree hojanee, phootkur ho jane. 
 
 As water. As milk. 
 
 Congenial, vurga. 
 
 Congest (to), ukutha kurna, rula dena. 
 
 Conglobate (to), goochu moochu hojana. 
 
 Conglomeration, ukutha rulya milya hoya, d her. 
 
 Conglutinate, suresh nal, jor jorna. 
 
 Congratulate (to), widya or bidya dena. 
 
 Congree (to), ek mun hona. 
 
 Congregate (to), ukutyan hona. 
 
 Congregation, soobha, mujlis. 
 
 Congrue, phubna, sujunna. 
 
 Conjecture (to), utkul kurnee, jachnee, tuknee. 
 
 Conjoin (to), jorna, milouna, sungulee kurnee. 
 
 Conjugal, veeahdee, babut vich, veeah dee leee. 
 
 Conjugate (to), milouna, rulouna. 
 
 Conjunction, soobha, mujlis, ukut he hoe hoe. 
 
 Conjuncture, dur vele, bhy vele. 
 
 Conjure (to), mudaree poona kurnee, hut,h natuk kurna. 
 
 To play tricks. 
 
 Connatural, usul da usul. 
 
 Convict (to), milouna, rulouna, sungulee kurnee. 
 
 Connex (to), sungulee, bunounee, ukut hee kurnee. 
 
 Connexion, sakabundee, bhaee charu. 
 
 Connivance, khooshamudu. 
 
 Connoisseur, jachoo, pusundee. 
 
 * The Sikhs beyond the Sutledge usually use W. for B. whilst those 
 on this side never use B. for W. 
 
CON ( 53 ) CON 
 
 Connubial, veeah da udumbur. 
 
 Conquassate (to), hilouna, hilna. 
 
 Conquer (to), jitna, vuskur lena. 
 
 Conqueror, jitun wala, jetoo. 
 
 Conquest, futteh hooee hooee. 
 
 Consanguineous, sakagiree, sakgeer, sakda. 
 
 Conscience, eeman, dhurm, mun, dil, atma. 
 
 Conscionable, joga, wurga, laeq, jiha. 
 
 Conscious, januna, sirjanoo. 
 
 Conscribed, wut bununee oodare oodare ghera paona. 
 
 Conscript, likhya hoya, nam churhya hoya. 
 
 Consecrate (to), d hurna nam, dhurna. 
 
 Consent (to), ek mun bona, mun lena. 
 
 Agree. 
 
 Consentaneous, vurga jiha. 
 
 Consentient, mile hooe, ukuthe hoe hoe. 
 
 Consequence, unjam poona. 
 
 Consequent, unjam urt h. 
 
 Consequential, uguree, mujajee, hunkaree, thed banka. 
 
 Consequently, ise leee, ise kurke. 
 
 Conserve (to), morubbu kurna. [kurnee. 
 
 Consider (to), soch kurna, vicharna, sumj hunna, tuweez 
 
 Considerable, buhoota, qeemutdar, hait k hora, bait karee. 
 
 Great. Valuable. Worthy of regard. 
 
 Considerate, vecharwan, kliyalee. 
 
 Considerately, khyal nal, sumuj h nal, dva, mihr nal. 
 
 Kindly. 
 
 Consign (to), somp dena, huwalee kurna. 
 Consigner, samboo, ruk wala. 
 Consignment, wustwulewa, wudee lik hut. 
 Consist (to), bunnee hoee, bunaee, hoee. 
 Consistence, mila gela. 
 Consistent, vurga jiha. 
 
 Conformable. 
 
 Consociate (to), milouna, jorna. 
 Consociate, sanj hee, b heeal. 
 Consociation, ukuth, mujlis. 
 Consolable, dilasa vurga, hoolase vurga. 
 Consolation, dilasa, hoolasa. 
 Console (to), dilasa or hoolasa dena. 
 Consoldant, chunga kurne wala. 
 
 Having the power of healing. 
 
CON ( 54 ) CON 
 
 Consolidate (to), kurara kurna^, ukut ha kuriia. 
 
 To harden. Become one body. 
 
 Consolidation, joree hooee. 
 Consonance, vurga mooafiq. 
 Consort, b,hurta, istree, nalda. 
 
 Husband. Wife. Companion. 
 
 Consort (to), rulouna, veeah kurna. 
 
 To marry. 
 
 Conspectuity, takoo, door dhyanee, nujur baz. 
 Conspicuity, roshunaee, sufaee, chitaee. 
 Conspicuous, nirmul, oojala, oojagur, jahir. 
 
 Clear, Easy to be seen. 
 
 Conspiracy, koo sulah, koo mut. 
 Conspire (to), koo sulah or koomut kurnee. 
 Constable, boogdar, chobdar, choukeedar. 
 Constant, tukra. 
 Constantly, humishu, nit. 
 Constellate (to), chumkunna. 
 Constellation, nishuttur, wuqt. 
 Consternation, houl, wuswas, chinta. 
 Constipate (to), kubz bona. 
 Constituent^ usul. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Constitute (to), bunouna. 
 Constitution, tuweez, uhwal, hookumut. 
 
 Health. Government. 
 
 Constrain (to), jor bu jor kurna, bud h o bud hee leounee. 
 
 Construct (to), bunouna. 
 
 Construction, bunouut. 
 
 Constructure, etaree. 
 
 Construe (to), sumj houna. 
 
 Consubstantial, eko jihedee. 
 
 Of the same substance or kind. 
 
 Consubstantiate, eknal, ukuthyan kurna. 
 Consuetude, ban, turuh, kutha. 
 Consult (to), sulah kurnee. 
 Consume (to), surna, Idburch kurna. 
 
 Burn. Waste 
 
 Consummate (to), poora kurna, supoorun kurna. 
 Consumption, khurch, kung khyee. 
 
 Expenditure. Consumption. 
 
 Consumptive, k hyee vurga or jiha. 
 Contact, Icige lounee, lugee hooee. 
 
CON ( 55 ) ^ CON 
 
 Contagion, mooshk pynee. 
 
 Contain (to), soomouna pyna. [kurna. 
 
 Contaminate (to), khurab kurna, bhitunna, purisht 
 Contemn (to), boora mununna, koorutun rukhnee. 
 
 [paonee. 
 Contemplate (to), ghou kurna, nigali lounee, oondee 
 Contemplative, urthe, khyalee. 
 
 Studious. 
 
 Contemporary, nal da nal, sung da sung. 
 
 Contempt, vair, kusaila, wadee. 
 
 Contend (to), bhysna, roula kurna. 
 
 Contender, luraka, soorma. 
 
 Content (to), rajee kurna, rajee bajee kurna. 
 
 Contention, j,hugra, j lianj ha, roula. 
 
 Contents, vich, undur. 
 
 Conterminous, sirhud, mood o mood, sanj bee wut. 
 
 Contest, jbugra, j hanj ha, roula. 
 
 Contest (to), b hysna, j hugurna. 
 
 Contestable, jun laeq. 
 
 Doubtful. 
 
 Contiguity, kol o kolee, pas o pasee. 
 Continent, sut wunt, jutee, suntok hee. 
 
 Chaste. Sober. 
 
 Continently sunthokee nal, djiurm nal. 
 Contingent, subub kurke. 
 Continual, humeshu. nit da nit. 
 Continue (to), rehna. 
 Contort (to"), wut dena, murora dena. 
 
 To twist a rope. To writhe as in pain. 
 
 Contra, dooje passe. 
 
 Contraband, munu be, shurah 
 
 Contract (a), mamula, mulba, tinee, ujaru, t hekha. [na. 
 
 Contract, mamula thurouna, ujara t hekha lena, sungur- 
 
 To shrink. 
 
 Contradict (to), mooqr pyna, na kurnee. 
 
 Contradiction, na khora, na kurroo, mooquroo. 
 
 Contrary, furq, hor turan dee. 
 
 Contrasted, milaya hoya. 
 
 Contravene (to), huta lena, rok lena. 
 
 Contribute (to), ap o upna hissa dena, surda dena. 
 
 Contrition, humsos, dulgeeree. 
 
 Contrivance, hikmut nal, kis kurke, kulla nal. 
 
CON ( 5G ) coo 
 
 Contrive (to), kulla phirnee, hikmut kurnee. 
 
 Control (to), qaboo kurna, wus kurna. 
 
 Controversy, j hugra, roula, j hanj ha. 
 
 Controvert (to), b hysna, j hugurna. 
 
 Controvertist, j hagroo, j,hanj hee, roule k hora. 
 
 Contumacy, jid. 
 
 Contumelious, bud jubanee, galee khora. 
 
 Contusion, sut. 
 
 Convalescence, rajee hoya hoya, nombur, nao hoyahoya. 
 
 Convenable, joga, vurga. 
 
 Convene (to), ukut ha kurna. 
 
 Convenience, joga, kum waste. 
 
 Convenient, joga laeq, da jiha. 
 
 Convention, mujlis, subha. 
 
 Conventional, munolee, munut. 
 
 Converge (to), ted ha ted ha jana, vingahee jana. 
 
 Conversant, my brum waqif. 
 
 Conversation, gulan. 
 
 Converse (to), gulan kurnyan. 
 
 Convert (to), deen wutao kurouna, tunkhah lounee. 
 
 Convert (a), wulya hoya. 
 
 Convex, golmol. 
 
 Convey (to), ghulna, puhonchouna. 
 
 To send. 
 
 Conveyance, uswaree. 
 
 Carriage. 
 Convict (a), bund hooa, qyd dhuk. 
 Convicted, tuqseerwund hoya hoya, j hoot ha hoya. 
 Conviction, sabut hoya hoya. 
 Convince (to), mun lena, munjoor kurna. 
 Convive (to), jug kurna. 
 Convivial, kliooshee. 
 Convocate (to), ukuthe hee sudunne. 
 Convocation, mujlis, subha. 
 Convoke (to) boolouna, sudunna. 
 Convolve (to), wuletna, buletunna. 
 Convoy (to), nal jana, nal da nal jana. 
 Convulse (to), hilouna, kumbouna. 
 Coo (to), gootkunna. 
 Cook, languree, 
 Cook (to), pukouna. 
 
coo ( 57 ) COR 
 
 Cook-boy, languree. 
 
 Cool (to), t hunda kurna, surd kurna. 
 
 Coop (a), pinjura. 
 
 Coop (to), bund kurna. 
 
 Cooper, tukhan, kareegur.* 
 
 Co-operate, nal de nal kurna. 
 
 Co-partner, sanj bee, sat bee. 
 
 Cope (to), jidhna. 
 
 Copious, buboota, wuda. 
 
 Copist, ootar lene wala. 
 
 Copper, tama. 
 
 Copperas, tame da jingal. 
 
 Copper-smitb, tamedar. 
 
 Copse, j hare, 
 
 Copulate (to), b bog kurna, sung kurna. 
 
 Copy (to), ootar lena, nuql dee sbukbul kurna. 
 
 Coquet (to), nuk bra kurna, cbilittoor kurnee. 
 
 Coral, moonga, goolyan de mala. 
 
 A coral necklace. 
 
 Cord (to), russee nal bununna. 
 Cordage, jeora las. 
 
 For a ship. 
 
 Cordial, dil kboosbee, dil rajee. 
 Cordiality, sucbya, bitkoree. 
 Coriander, lacbee danu. 
 Cormorant, girij h, 2 khoorakoo kujak. 
 
 A glutton. 
 
 Corn, kunuk, 2 b,bouree. 
 
 Grain. A hard lump on the flesh. 
 
 Corn-cbandler, kurar, khutree. 
 Corn-cutter, naee. 
 
 (A barber, being the person so employed.) 
 
 Cornelian, sookb puttur. 
 
 Corneous, singh vurga. 
 
 Corner, kboonj b kbul. 
 
 Cornice, kumree de bun. 
 
 Cornpipe, gundh poree. [kulgee. 
 
 Coronal, pboolan da bar, motuko kulgee, tora jigur 
 
 A chaplet. A king's cro>yn. 
 
 * A carpenter is the only person who could be employed to make a 
 tub or barrel. 
 
COR ( 58 ) COT 
 
 Coronation, guddee bjt halna, tuJiht bjt halna, tikka dena. 
 Coroner, jaclioo. 
 Corporal, naick. 
 
 An inferior military officer. 
 
 Corporal, pindda, shureer da. 
 
 Corporate (to), ukut ha kurna, milouna. 
 
 Corps, purtul. 
 
 Corpse, lot h moorda. 
 
 Corpulence, moteaee pulya hoya. 
 
 Corpulent, gogur. 
 
 Corradiation, kirna da ukuth. 
 
 Correct (to), sodh lena, bhool chook kudhnee. 
 
 As a mistake. 
 
 Correct (to), suza denee, nuseehut denee. 
 
 By administering punishment. 
 
 Correctly, theek bu theek. [wala. 
 
 Corrector, suheehdar, suza dene wala, nuseehut dene 
 
 Correlative, jiha, vurga, nalda. 
 
 Correption, mulamut. 
 
 Correspond (to), ek o jihe bona, buraburdar bona. 
 
 Correspondence, khut o kliutee, hurdas o hurdasee. 
 
 Correspondent, laekdar, khut b hejoo, hurdas ghuloo. 
 
 Suitable. One who holds correspondence l^y letters. 
 
 Corridor, veehevee. 
 
 Corroborate (to), suboot kurna, sabut kurna. 
 Corrode, jingal da k hada hoya, jingalya hoya. 
 Corrupt (to), surjana, 2 wuddee nal bigarna. 
 
 Grow rotten. To bribe. 
 
 Corsair, pera, Jul pera. 
 
 Corse, loth, moorda. 
 
 Corslet, ugule sunj ho. 
 
 Coruscation, chumkudee, lishkudee, j jiulukdee. 
 
 Cosmographer, doonya da lik,haree. 
 
 Cosmopolite, doonya de ruhne wala, oodasee. 
 
 Cost, qeemut, mol. 
 
 Costive, qubz. 
 
 Costliness, qeemut dee wude, khurch dee. 
 
 Expensive. 
 
 Cot, Cottage, choogee, kootya, j houmpuree. 
 Cotemporary, nal da nal sanj hee. 
 Cottager, choogee wala, kootya wala. 
 Cotton, roo, koopa. 
 
 Cotton plant. 
 
cou ( 59 ) cou 
 
 Couch, koorsee. 
 
 Couch (to), neona, j hookna, shyuhna. 
 
 As a man. As a tiger-cat. 
 
 Couched, milya hoy a, ukutha hoya hoya. 
 
 Comprehended. 
 
 Covenant (to), buchun dena, qurar kurna. 
 Cover, ghorar, k hut ghorna. 
 
 Shelter. 
 
 Cover (to), dhukna, kujunna. 
 
 Coverlet, rujaee, tolaee, ghilef. 
 
 Covertly, chhipaee hooee, looqaee hooee. 
 
 Covet (to), lobh kurna, laluch kurna 
 
 Cough, kung hooee hooee. 
 
 Cough (to), kungunna. 
 
 Council, mujlis, soobha. 
 
 Counsel, sulah, mut. 
 
 Counsellor, sulahee. 
 
 Count (to), ginna. 
 
 Countenance, soorut, shukhil. 
 
 Countenance (to), humayut kurnee, suhayuta kurnee. 
 
 Counteract (to), oolta kurna. 
 
 Contrary to. 
 
 Counterbalance (to), pasung paona. 
 Counter-evidence, oogah hutoun. 
 Counterfeit (to), khotah, 
 
 As money. 
 
 Countermand (to), hookm hutouna. 
 Countermarch, moore ouna. 
 Counterpane, rujaee, tolaee, ghilef. 
 Counterpart, oho jihee, osa hee. 
 Counterplead (to), mooqur pyna. 
 
 To contradict. 
 
 Counterplot (to), chhul chiddur kurna. 
 Counterpoise (to), burabur kurna, poora kurna. 
 Counterpressure, ek o jiha kurna, hor paona. 
 Counterscrap, kampoo dee khaee. 
 Countersign, suheeh kurnee, dustkhut kurna. 
 Counter-tide, oolta mud. 
 Counting-house, duftur khanu. 
 Countrified, unaree, dhuke khora. 
 Country, des. 
 
 Country-man, khetee wala, 2 eke des da. 
 Rustic. 
 
COU ( 60 ) CRA 
 
 Couple, jora. 
 
 Couple (to), do do jorne, joree joree. 
 
 Couplet, do sutra 
 
 Courage, murd poona, soormut. 
 
 Courier, hulkara, kasht. 
 
 Course, breta. 
 
 Bed of a river. 
 
 Course (to), shikar khedna. 
 
 Court, durbar, kutcherry. 
 
 Coul-t (to), choa kurna, ushq kurna. 
 
 Court-day, kutcherry da din. 
 
 Courteous, ihsanee. 
 
 Courtesan, kunjur, qusubee, peshekhOre^ 
 
 Courtesy, ihsan wundee. 
 
 Courtier, moosahib. 
 
 Court-martial.* 
 
 Cousin, musera, chuchera. 
 
 Cow, gou, gah. 
 
 A calf. 
 
 Coward, namurd, rung buj, ehaloo; 
 Cower (to), neona, j hookna, shyehna. 
 Cowherd, gou wala, goojoor. 
 Cow-house, gouan da kot,ha. 
 Coy, lujyawan, shurmandee. 
 Cozen (to), thugouna, ghoosouna. 
 Crabbed, krod hwan, g^hoosse hoya hoya. 
 Crack, khuruk, t,hykunna, pata hoya tain 
 
 Sudden noise. . Chink. 
 
 Crack (to), pat pat jana. 
 
 To break into chinks. 
 
 Crack-brained, kumla, baola. 
 
 Cracker, ustbajee, dee chadur. 
 
 Crackle (to), turake pyne, tirukna, putake. 
 
 Cradle, hundol, dola, b hungoora. 
 
 Cradle-clothes, bhungoore da kupra. 
 
 Craft, ch hulya, 2 vunj karkhanee peshu, 2 kishtee. 
 
 Cunning. Trade. A small boat. 
 
 Craftiness, chhul nal, chilittur nal. 
 Craftsman, vunj, bypar, kareegur, hikmutee. 
 
 * The Sikhs have no corresponding word, but use the English word 
 "Council." 
 
CRA ( 61 ) CRI 
 
 Crag, ouk hee d haree, oote tikke, put.hur oote. 
 
 Cragged, oukhee dharee, bikree ghatee. 
 
 Cram (to), ek sair asa hoora. 
 
 Cramp, korh jana, sungor jana, khullean pjneean. 
 
 Cramp (to), jugeh tung kurnee. 
 
 Crane, bugola. 
 
 Crank, d hoora (the end of an iron axis.) 
 
 Crash (to), khurukna, t hykunna, t hunkunna. 
 
 Crave (to), mihnut nal, mungunna. 
 
 Craven, namurd. 
 
 Coward. 
 
 Craunch (to), dunt kusoune, dunt peesne. 
 
 Craw, pot chirya da. 
 
 Crawl (to), gode godee chulna, rerna. 
 
 Crazy, kumla, baola. 
 
 Cream, mulaee. 
 
 Crease, wut pynee. 
 
 Create (to), pyda kurnee, sajunnee. 
 
 Creation, doonya, khilqut. 
 
 Creator, pydakurun wala, narun ka, sajun wala, b,hugwan. 
 
 Creature, k hilqut. 
 
 Credence, ueteebar. 
 
 Credibly, uchhee turuh, chungee turah nal. 
 
 Credit, ueteebar, put ijjut, hoormut. 
 
 Belief, credit, reputation. 
 
 Creditor, dendar, ditta. 
 
 Credulity, laeelug. 
 
 Creek, nala. 
 
 Creek (to), jootee murukna, chirukna, cheekna. 
 
 Creep (to), shaindeean, shaindeean jana, shaike jana. 
 
 Creeper (a), vail, bail, vuloor. 
 
 Creephole, baree takee, jurookhna thannee, lungna. 
 
 Crest, kulgee, bodee. 
 
 As of peacock. As of a cock. 
 
 Crest-fallen, oodasee, dilgeeree. 
 
 Crevice, tair. 
 
 Crew, beree da poor. 
 
 Crib, j houmpuree, choogee, kootya. 
 
 A small cottage. 
 
 Crick, cheek unna, dhaon akhiree hooee. 
 
 As a hinge. A pain in the ueck. 
 
 Cricket, tiddee. 
 
 An insect. 
 
CRT ( 62 ) CRO 
 
 Crier, dhundhora. 
 
 One who carries goods for sale. 
 Crime, goonah. 
 Crimeless, begoonah. 
 Criminal, goonahgar, goonahwund. 
 Crimination, toohmut, ooj h. 
 Crimple, (to), mororna. 
 Crimson, soorkh. 
 
 Cringe (to), fuerfesh kurna, lufafu kurna. 
 Crink, chirooryan pynyan. 
 Crinkle, chirooree. 
 Cripple, loonja, lunga. 
 Crisis, ouk.hur vela, kuthuntaee. 
 Crisp, purda, khururra. 
 Criterion, putta. 
 Criticise (to), tokna, hutouna. 
 Croak, goorouna. 
 
 As a frog. 
 
 Crocodile, usral. 
 
 Crone, boodhee. 
 
 Crony, nal da, sathee, sanj hee. 
 
 Crook, tanga. 
 
 A shepherd's. 
 
 Crook-backed, kooba. 
 Crooked, tedha, vinga. 
 Crop, fusul, pot goolulee. 
 
 Produce. Of birds, 
 
 Crop (to), wudna, sitna. 
 
 Cropful, b^hurya hoy a, rujya hoy a. 
 
 Cross, ufat, bula. 
 
 Misfortune. 
 
 Cross, g hor pulakee, dooskya hoya. 
 
 Athwart. Peevish. 
 
 Crossbite (a), t hugoun wala, ouk,houn wala. 
 
 A cheat. 
 
 Crossgrained, hurukh wan 
 
 Crossway, chourah, ted hee dundee. 
 
 Crosswind, ted hee wao. or paon. 
 
 Crouch (to), neona, j hookna, shyuhna dur hna. 
 
 Croup, pootla. 
 
 The rump, buttocks. 
 
 Crow, kaw. 
 
CRO ( 63 ) CUL 
 
 Crow (to), bang denee. 
 
 As a cock. 
 
 Crowd, blieer, dulee murnee. 
 Crowd (to), ukutha ho jana. 
 Crown, jigar, kulgee, motuko. 
 
 Of a king. 
 
 Crown (to"), guddee byt,halna, tukht byt halna. 
 
 Crucible, koot halee. 
 
 Cruddle (to), jum jana, chichuree bona. 
 
 As milk. As blood. 
 
 Crude, kutcha, unpach. 
 
 Cruel, kutun, kutor. 
 
 Cruise (to), durya oote toorna. 
 
 Cruiser, beree, juhaj. 
 
 Crumb, p bora. 
 
 Crumble (to), tookre tookre pouna, rutee rutee bona. 
 
 Crump, kooba. 
 
 Crooked in the back. 
 
 Crumple (to), wut pynee. 
 
 Crupper, sakut 
 
 Crush (to), khuruk bona, dh? pyna. 
 
 Crushed, dhutta hoya. 
 
 Crust, purda. 
 
 Of bread. 
 
 Crusty, krodhwan ghoosse wala. 
 
 Snappish, cross. 
 
 Crutch, fouree. 
 
 Support used by cripples. 
 
 Cry (to), rona. 
 
 Crystal, bulour, saf muloom. 
 
 A transparent stone. Clear. 
 
 Cub, lomree da bucha. 
 
 Cubation, letya hoya. 
 
 Cuckold, run wus, teemee vech. 
 
 Cucumber, kheera. 
 
 Cud, oogalee. 
 
 Cuddle (to), chumur jana, j hupee pouonee. 
 
 Cudgel, dang, lathee, dungoree. 
 
 Cudgel (to), dang nal, kootna, marna. 
 
 Cuff, mook hee, ghoosoon. 
 
 Cuirass, ugaree dee sunj,ho. 
 
 Cuirassier, sunj hoee. 
 
 Cull, chantna, choonna. 
 
CUL ( 64 ) CUR 
 
 Culpable, goonaliee, tuqseer wund. 
 
 Culprit, goonahgar, tuqseer wala. 
 
 Cultivate, waonee, jumeeii baonee. 
 
 Cultivation, wugdee, hulwaee. 
 
 Cultivator, waun waone wala, hulwaee kurne wala 
 
 Cumber (to), bhar bona, bbar lugna. 
 
 Cumbrance, pund hooee hooee, boj h hoya hoya. 
 
 Cumulate (to), ukut,ha kurna, d her kurna. 
 
 Cumiing, ehhulya, chulittrya, sogur, 2 chatur. 
 
 Artful. Sly. Skilful, expert. 
 
 Cunning, kareeguree. 
 
 Skill. 
 
 Cup, piyalu, koul. 
 Cupidity, lob,hee, kamee. 
 
 Avaricious. Lust, excessive desire. 
 
 Cupola, goomtee. 
 
 Cups, umulee hoya. 
 
 Cur, wuda kul, ghorkoo. 
 
 A snappish dog. A snappish person. 
 
 Curable, ullaj kurne wala, chunga hone wala. 
 Curb (to), wus kurna, qaboo kurna. 
 Curb, sungolee, koondee. 
 
 Part of a bridle. 
 
 Curd, dihee, chichuree. 
 
 Of milk. Of blood. 
 
 Cure (to), ullaj kurna, chunga kurna. 
 
 Cureless, be ullaj. 
 
 Curiosity, tohoo, poochoo. [ulokar. 
 
 Inquisitiveness. Rare, scarce. 
 
 Curious, tohne wala, poochne wala, uchuruj, unokhee. 
 
 Inquisitive. 
 
 Curiously, unokhee, ulokar dee, uchuruj dee. 
 Curl, walan dee puttee, medhee goondounee. 
 
 To curl the hair. 
 
 Currency, jahir hoya hoya, oojagur hoya. 
 Current, hur, dulee murnee. 
 
 Stream. 
 
 Curse (to), srafna, dhurna. 
 Cursory, kalee kurke, chaitee nal. 
 Curtail, chhota kurna, meth lena. 
 Curtain, purdah. 
 Curvated, vinga gol. 
 Curve, ted ha, vinga gol mol. 
 
CUR { 65 ) DAM 
 
 Curvet, choongee, cliounkee, koodna, b lioor kunna. 
 Cushion, guddee, guddela. [lioya. 
 
 Custody, sompya hoya, sipoord keeta hoya, huwale keeta 
 Custom, ban, turan, dustoor, 2 dulalee. 
 
 Duty. 
 
 Customarily, uksur. 
 Customer, gahuk. 
 Custom-house, dulal ghur. 
 Cut (a), sut. 
 Cut (to), wud sootna. 
 Cutaneous, khul da, chum da. 
 Cutlass, tulwar. 
 Cut-purse, wansunee kut. 
 Cut-throat, guUa kut, dhaon wud. 
 Cycle, g hera, oodala. 
 Cylinder, poga, toorla. 
 Cymbal, shaine, khurtal. 
 Cypress, suroo. 
 
 D. 
 
 Dab, (to) tukorna, t hukorna, 2 gilla kurna, bhehona. 
 
 To hit gently. To moisten. 
 
 Dabble (to), jhukolna. 
 
 To play in water. 
 
 Dad or daddy, peo, bap. 
 Daemon, rakhus, b hoot. 
 Daft, kumla, baola, vyshee. 
 
 Daft. 
 
 Dagger, kutar, kutaree, peshkubz. 
 
 Daily, roz roz, nit h nit h. 
 
 Dainty, chakoo, nindoo. 
 
 Dale, kundee, dundee. 
 
 Dalliance, rung rasee, hut karee, hit karee. 
 
 Dallier, hit kar wala, rung rus wala. 
 
 Dally (to), chair, louona. 
 
 To delaf. 
 
 Dam, ma, 2 bun marna. 
 
 To bank, or stop water. 
 
 Damage, nooshqan, jan. 
 
 Dame, teemee, junanee. 
 
 Damn (to), srafna, d hurna. 
 
 Damnify (to), nooshqan kurna, jan kurna. 
 
 K 
 
DAM ( GG ) DAY 
 
 Damp, gilla. 
 
 Damp (to), gilla kurna, bhehona, silla kurna. 
 
 Damsel, lurkee, chhokree, kooree. 
 
 Dance (to), nuchunna. 
 
 Dandle (to), bhoor kunna, bhoor kouna. 
 
 Fondle. 
 
 Danger, khutra, toukla. 
 Dangerless, be khutra, be touklee. 
 Dangle (to), lutkunngt, pulumna. 
 
 To hang loose or about. 
 
 Dangler, sungee mood, renda. 
 
 Dapper, choost, soot hra. 
 
 Dapple, rung bu rung, chit mi cliittur, gudra, dub kruba. 
 
 Streaked. 
 
 Dare (to), lulkarna, bid hna, jid hna. 
 
 Challenge. To defy. 
 
 Daring, ni dur, nir b hou^ diler. 
 Dark, undhera. 
 Darling, pyara, ushindu, ladla. 
 Darn (to), rufoo kurna, poonna. 
 Dart, burchhee, sang, sela. 
 
 Large. Small. Largest. 
 
 Dart (to), chhal marna, tangurna. 
 Dash (to), putka dena, phooa ke marna. 
 Dastard, namurd, kookoor dila. 
 
 Chicken-hearted. 
 
 Date, tareekh, tith, 2 khujoor. 
 
 The fruit date. 
 
 Dateless, be tith, untith. 
 Daub, or dawb, limbna, pochna, lipna. 
 Daughter, pootree, dhee, lurkee, kunya. 
 Daunt (to), durouna, dum kouna, kum bouna. 
 Dauntless, ni dur, nir bhou, be d huruk. 
 Daw, il. 
 
 A jackdaw. 
 
 Dawn, chulang, suvera, ooshair, laalee, phireehooee. 
 Day, din. 
 
 Day-break, chulang, suvera, ooshair. 
 Day-laborer, meenutee, mujoor. 
 
 From mihnutee. From muzdoor. 
 
 Day-light, din dee roshunee. 
 
 Day-star, ooshair da tara, 2 tukalan da tara. 
 
 The morning star. The evening star. 
 
 Day-time, dine dine. 
 
DAY ( 67 ) DEB 
 
 Day-work, dine dine da kum, din deeweeda kum. 
 Dazzle (to), j humkunna, j,hakunna, phurkunna. 
 Dead, moya hoya, moordu. 
 Dead, soon, soomar. 
 
 Stillness. 
 
 Deaden (to), nurm kurna, nimma kurna. 
 
 As pain. To lessen (as ligbt). 
 
 Deadly, karee. 
 
 Mortal. 
 
 Deadly, khutre nal. 
 
 Dangerous. 
 
 Deaf, bola, jida. 
 
 Deal, hissu, bukra, 2 cheel da rook h. 
 
 Fir tree. 
 Deal (to), bundunna, wundunna. 
 Dealer, pussaree, bechun wala. 
 Dealt, ditta hoya. 
 Dear, miliunga. 
 
 Costly. 
 
 Dear, pyara. 
 
 Beloved. 
 Dear-bought, khururra dam. 
 Dearly, mihung nal, 2 pyar nal. 
 
 Costly. Beloved. 
 
 Dearth, qal kuhut, koofur. 
 Death, mout. 
 
 Death-bed, munje oote murna. 
 Deathless, nu mouta, ukal. 
 Death-like, mout jiha, or vurga mooya jiha. 
 Debar (to), nikalna, kudhna. 
 Debarrass (to), oojagar kurna, jahir kurna. 
 
 To make plain. 
 
 Debark (to), ooturna, 2 bunne lugna. 
 
 Descend, alight, go ashore. 
 
 Debase (to), be puta kurna, be ijjut, be abroo kurna, 
 heth or kungal kurna, rulouna. 
 
 Adulterate. 
 
 Debate, b hysun, j hugra, j hanj ha. 
 Debauch, umul poona, 2 kamee. 
 
 A drunken bout. Lewdness. 
 
 Debaucher, umulee, budfailee. 
 
 A very loose character. 
 
 Debauchery, rundee bajee, budfailee. 
 Debile, kumjor, mara, munda, lisa. 
 
DEB ( 68 ) DEC 
 
 Debilitate (to), kumjor kurna. 
 
 Debonair, chalak, choost, bus mook h. 
 
 Debt, qurz. 
 
 Debtor, qurz dar, den dar. 
 
 Decamp (to), kumpoo wutouna, 2 bliuj jana. 
 
 To move or run oft'. 
 
 Decant (to), ooludna. 
 
 Decapitate (to), sir wudna. 
 
 Decay, poorana, khudda hojana, bodah bona. 
 
 As a tree. As a man. 
 
 Decay (to), sookh jana, bod ha ho jana. 
 
 As a tree. As a man. 
 
 Decease, mout. 
 
 Decease (to), murna, mur jana. 
 
 Deceit, chhul, puj, chilittoor. 
 
 Deceivable, chhul k haoo. 
 
 Deceive (to), thugouna, ghoosouna, ouk houna. 
 
 December, poll. 
 
 Decency, jogahee, vurgahee, jiha, sutwunta. 
 
 Fitness. Propriety. Modesty. 
 
 Decennial, dus wurra. 
 Decent, joga laeq da, sutwunt. 
 
 Bacoming, fit. Decent. 
 
 Deception, chhul, chhulya, thugounoo. 
 
 Decerption, kudhne da, loune da. 
 
 Decertation, j hugra, j hanj ha. 
 
 Decharm, mohya hoya, hutouna, moho chhudouna. 
 
 Decide (to), thurouna, hookm thurouna. 
 
 Decidedly, juroor bur juroor, beshuqq. 
 
 Decider, t hurouun wala, fysila kurun wala, moonsubdar. 
 
 Decipher (to), byan kurna, dusna, butouna. 
 
 Decision, fysila, hookm. 
 
 Deck, beree da phut. 
 
 Of a ship. 
 
 Deck (to), suwarna, bunouna. 
 
 Declaim (to), dusna, ak,hna, sumj houna. 
 
 Declamation, gul gulan. 
 
 Declarable, duleel vurga, duleelee jiha. 
 
 Capable of proof. 
 
 Declare (to), ak hna, dusna, jahir or oojagur kurna. 
 
 To publish. 
 
 Declension, oojurya hoya, ghutya hoya. 
 Decline, oojur, g.hut. 
 
DEC ( 60 ) DEF 
 
 Decline (to), neo jana, j liook jana, tedha ho jaiia. 
 
 To lean, bend. 
 
 Declivity, tedhee, trichee, ghatee. 
 Decoction, oobal da, puchya hoya, hajma. 
 
 Prepared by boiling . Digestion. 
 
 Decomposition, suree liooee, gulee liooee. 
 
 Disuniting. 
 
 Decorate (to), suwarna, bunouna, sujouna. 
 Decorous, sujdee jogee vurgee, sutwunt. 
 
 Becoming. Decent. 
 
 Decorum, laeq hee, joga bee, sutwuntee. 
 
 Fitness. Decency. 
 
 Decouple (to), udo udee kurna, joode joode kurna. 
 
 To separate. [pake p hurna. 
 
 Bait of meat. 
 
 Decoy (to), moolla lake phurna, wusa ke pburna. 
 
 As one bird to catch another. 
 
 Decrease (to), g.hutouna, thora bona. 
 
 Decree, bookm fysilu. 
 
 Decrepit, kumjor, kbora. 
 
 Decry (to), khvvar kurna, oolama dena. 
 
 Dedication, kisse de, nao da. 
 
 Dedicate, nao d burna. 
 
 Deduce (to), basil kurna, muloom kurna, unt lena. 
 
 Deduct (to), gbut kurna. 
 
 Deed, kum, kliut, tumussook, lik bt. 
 
 Bond, 
 
 Deem (to), sumj bna, janna. 
 Deep, sumoondur. 
 
 The sea. 
 
 Deep, doonga, 2 cbuttour, boodbwan, videeawan. 
 
 As water. Knowing. 
 
 Deepen, doonga kurna. 
 
 Deer, burn, mirgo. 
 
 Deface (to), vigarna, noosbqan kurna. 
 
 Defailance, uphul, be nufu. 
 
 Failure as of crops. As of any work in hand. 
 
 Defalcate (to), kutouna. 
 
 To cut off. 
 
 Defame (to), toobmut lounee, ooj b lounee. 
 Defaulter, j bootba, moquroo. 
 Defeat (a), bar kbaee, baroo. 
 Defeat (to), bar kurnee. 
 
DEF ( 70 ) DEL 
 
 Defeature, soorut, shuk,hul wuttee liooee, rungon, bud 
 
 rung hooee hooee. 
 Defect, ueb, b hool, visur, chook. 
 Defective, kusr, khote. 
 Defence, ola uwara. 
 Defenceless, be ola. 
 
 Defend (to), ola kurna, purda kurna, uwara kurna. 
 Defendant, moodde vvala. 
 
 Defender, bulla hutouna wala, humrahee, bumayutee. 
 Defer (to), talna, naghu dena. 
 Deference, tabe geeree, gliureebee. 
 Defiance, lulkar dena or marna. 
 Deficiency, ghut, kusr, utkaoo. 
 Defier, lulkaroo. 
 
 Defile, uge pichbe hojana. [kurna. 
 
 Defile (to), be dhurm kurna, khurab kurna, be ubdee 
 Define (to), budd bunnounee, wut pounee. 
 Definitely, theek bu theek, buqq, such. 
 Definition, urt,h, mutubul. 
 Deflour (to), sut torna, begarna. 
 Deform (to), be doul kurna, be ijjut, be abro kurna. 
 
 To dishonour. 
 
 Deformity, koo soorutee, bud shukhlee. 
 
 Defraud, thugee, dachul. 
 
 Defray, kburcb dena. 
 
 Defunct, raoya hoya, moordu. 
 
 Defy, lulkarna. 
 
 Degenerate, na laeq, kungal, sut chhudya hoya. 
 
 Degenerate (to), vigarna, koodhurm kurna. 
 
 Degradation, be abroee, be putaee. 
 
 Degrade (to), ijjut lounee, ijjut ootarnee. 
 
 Degree, mooratibu, kudr. 
 
 Deify (to), kliooda jan, b hugwan jiha mununna. 
 
 Deign (to), mihrwanee nal dena. 
 
 Deity, b hugwan, narunka, purmeshwur. 
 
 Deject (to), oodas kurna, oodas denee. 
 
 Delay, chair, der. 
 
 Delectable, khoosee da, sookhee da. 
 
 Delectation, khooshee, sookhee. 
 
 Delegate (to), wukeel thurouna, methna. 
 
 To appoint. 
 
 Deleterious, mar a varan, khurab, nooshqanya. 
 
DEL ( 71 ) DEM 
 
 Deliberate (to), soch kurnee, khyal kiirna, vicharna. 
 
 Deliberation, soch, vichar, kyal. 
 
 Delicacy, soal dee, moolaem dee. 
 
 Delicate, tofhu tofhu cheez, uchuruj da, uchuruj. 
 
 Delicious, mitliee mit hee, chungee chungee. 
 
 Delight, khooshee, anund, sookh iial. [kurna. 
 
 Delineate, khainchunna, bunouna, vihas kurna, byan 
 
 To draw. Paint. Describe. 
 
 Delinquency, goonah, tuqseer, qoosoor. 
 Delirious, buraya hoya. 
 Delirium, burah vich, burah nal. 
 Deliver (to), buchouna, 2 dena. 
 
 To save. Give. 
 
 Delivery, ch hoot j ana, pjda hoya hoya, jumunna. 
 
 As of a child. 
 
 Dell, kundee, dundee. 
 Delude (to), thugouna. 
 Delve, k haee toa. 
 
 'Ditch. Pit. 
 
 Delve (to), khodna, pootna. 
 
 To dig. 
 
 Deluge, purlo. 
 Demand, daw a, suwal. 
 
 Claim. Question. 
 
 Demand (to), poochna, dawa kurna. 
 
 Ask for. To claim. 
 
 Demandant, mooda mooda illahee. 
 Demean (to), ruhut kurnee, ruhut rukhee. 
 
 Behave. 
 
 Demeanor, ruhut, chalchulun. 
 
 Demerit, s\iza joga, mundee chal, khotee dial. 
 
 Deserving of punishment. Ill deserving. 
 
 Demi, udh. 
 
 Demise, mout. 
 
 Demise (to), dus murna. 
 
 To bequeath at one's death. 
 
 Demolish (to), wuswar dena, dha dena. 
 
 Demonstrate (to), duleel kurnee. 
 
 Demonstrator, wukhalun wala, duleelee. 
 
 Demur (to), juko tuke kurna, chair louna, jun louna. 
 
 Demure, choop keeta, wutte o hoe moonh. 
 
 Very grave. 
 
 Demurrage, chair lounne da roopya, der loune da roopva. 
 
DEM ( 72 ) DEP 
 
 Demurrer, juko tukkee, j heesee. 
 
 One wlio demands. 
 
 Den, j lull, bela, ghora. 
 Denial, mooqur. 
 Denizen, shuliuree. 
 
 Citizen. 
 
 Denominate (to\ nao rukhna, nao dhurna. 
 Denote (to), wukhale waste, dusun waste. 
 Denounce (to), durouna, dumkhouna. 
 Dense, sungna, j hung. 
 
 As trees. 
 
 Dent, cliib, bor. 
 
 Dental, dundan nal. 
 
 Dentition, dundyan nikalyan, dunt oonge. 
 
 Denude (to), Jdialee kurna, oogarna. 
 
 Denunciation, sraf, d hurna. 
 
 Deny (to), mooqur pyna. 
 
 Depart (to), chule jana, toor jana. 
 
 Department, udo udee kum, jooda jooda kum. 
 
 A separate office. 
 
 Depend (to), lutkunna, pulmunna, 2 vusar kurna. 
 
 To hang from. Rely on, trust to. 
 
 Depict (to), byan kurna, dusna, gyan kurna. 
 Deplorable, humsosee, sogee, humsos. 
 Deplore (to), humsos kurna, hou ke lenee. 
 Deponent, shahidee, oogaha. 
 Depopulate, oojar dena, vigar dena. 
 Depopulator, oojaroo, dhurke, khora. 
 Deport (to), ruhut rehna, chal chulun rehna. 
 
 Behave.- 
 
 Depose (to), shahidee oogahee dena, ijjutooturna hooee. 
 
 Degraded. 
 
 Deprave (to), khotah kurna, mara kurna, 2 mooshq jana. 
 
 To taint. 
 
 Depravity, khotahee, uguree, goomanee. 
 
 Deprecate, sewa nal, pooja, kurnee, udheengee nal, 
 
 bundee, gee kurnee. 
 Depreciate, ghutouna, khinut kurna. 
 Depredation, loot. 
 
 Depredator, loot kurun wala, dharawee. 
 Depression, oodasee, humsosee, sogee, kungalee. 
 
 Hmniliation. 
 
 Depressive, ootarun vurga, pulmounda. 
 
PEP ( 73 ) DES 
 
 [louonee. 
 Deprivation, nooshqan, namoshee, ijjut ootarnee abro 
 
 Loss. Disgrace. 
 
 Deprive (to), le lena. 
 Depth, doong, doongaee. 
 Deputation, wukeelgee, wukeelgaree. 
 Depute (to), ghulna, wukeel bunouna. 
 
 To send. Empower. 
 
 Deputy, wukeel. 
 
 Derange (to), begarna. 
 
 Dereliction, eh hud ditta hoya, tyagya hoya. 
 
 Deride (to), husa kurna, tutta kurna, muk houl. 
 
 Derive (to), le ounee, ounee. 
 
 Derived, lub^Jiee hoee. 
 
 Dernier, substhon pichhla, iko reha hoya. 
 
 Derogate, nooshqanya hoya, ghutya hoya. 
 
 Damaged. Lessened. 
 
 Derogation, furq nal, vith nal, 2 nooshqan jan. 
 
 Disparagement. Lijurj. 
 
 Dervise, fuqeer, durvesh. 
 
 Descant (to), gouna, gulan kurnyan. 
 
 Discourse. 
 
 Descend (to), ooturna, lainiia. 
 
 Descendant, wudyan dee oulad, wudyan dee uns. 
 
 Describe (to), byan kurna. 
 
 Descrier, lubhun wala, jachoo, takoo. 
 
 Descry (to), lub, hna, jachna, tukna. 
 
 Desecrate (to), dhurm heen kurna, khurab kurna. 
 
 Desert, oojar, byaban, jungul. 
 
 Desert (to), chhudna, 2 b huj jana. 
 
 Forsake. Run off or away. 
 
 Deserter, bhujun wala. 
 
 Deserve (to), iaeq hona. 
 
 Desiderate (to), chahe na, asa ruk hna. 
 
 Design (to), mutubul kurna, goun kurna. 
 
 Designation, mutubul, urt h mynah. 
 
 Meaning. 
 
 Designedly, jan ke, booj h ke. 
 Designer, hikmutee, kareegur. 
 
 Contriver. 
 
 Designing, mutubulee, goun khora, chhulya, dughe nal. 
 
 Fraudulent. 
 
 Desire, chah, moor ad. 
 
 Wish. 
 
DES ( 74 ) DEV 
 
 Desire (to), cliahna. 
 
 Desist (to), hut jaiia, cli hud deua. 
 
 Desolate (to), oojar kurnee. 
 
 Despair, be oomed, be asa. 
 
 Despatch, chaitee nal, shitabee nal, boon ehee. 
 
 Despatch, gubia, 2 ho hutua. 
 
 Send. To finish. 
 
 Desperate, d harawee, t hugee khora, kumla. 
 
 Madman. 
 
 Desperate, be as, kumla jiha. 
 Desperation, be oomedee, be asee. 
 Despicable, kumeen, pajee. 
 Despise (to), boora mununna, koura munna. 
 Despite, killus, krodhee, boora munya hoya. 
 
 Malice. Anger. Hate. 
 
 Despoil (to), lootunna, begarna. 
 
 Despond (to), be ooomed or be as bona. 
 
 Despot, jalim, kururra, juburdust. 
 
 Destinate (to), mooqurrur kurna, thikana kurna. 
 
 Destine (to), mooqurrur kurna, pura lubt. 
 
 Destiny, qismut, nuseeb, lekh. 
 
 Destroyer, vigar dene wala, nooshqan kuroo. 
 
 Desultorily, be surishta, soostee nal. 
 
 Detach (to), jooda kurna, udo udee or mokula kurna. 
 
 Detachment, tyeenatee. 
 
 Detail (to), jon ke ton kurna, usul da usul kurna. 
 
 Detain (to), rok rukhna, der kurnee, chair louna. 
 
 Detainer, rokoo, deroo. [kurna. 
 
 Detect (to), janunna, lublina, maloom kurna, jahir 
 
 Deter (to), hutouna, muiie kurna, rokna. 
 
 Deterioration, uge nal, khurab or vigurya hoya. 
 
 Determinable, fysilu jiha, niburya jiha. 
 
 Determination, fysilu, hookm. 
 
 Determine (to), thurouna. 
 
 Detest (to), kour ruk hnee, boora mununna. 
 
 Dethrone (to), guddee ooton, ooturna. 
 
 Detract (to), g hutouna, toohmut, ooj h lounee. 
 
 Lessen. Slander. 
 
 Detriment, nooshqan jan, gowaj h jaoo. 
 Devastation, veran hoya hoya. 
 Develop (to), oojagur kurna, mokula kurna. 
 Devest (to), nunga kurna, lahdna. 
 
DEV ( 75 ) DIF 
 
 Deviate (to), bliut kunna, b hoolna. 
 
 Device, hikmutee, kareeguree. 
 
 Devil, sliytan. 
 
 Devious, bhut kya boya. 
 
 Devoid, khalee, sukna. 
 
 Devoir, ubsaii wundee, noukuree, khidmut. 
 
 Act of civility. Service. 
 
 Devolve (to), ek doon doojee laiiia, os da os lena. 
 Devote, sookhna dena, sookhiiee. 
 
 Dedicate. To vow. 
 
 Devotedness, bimdugee. 
 
 Devotee, bhugut, poojaree. 
 
 Devotion, pooja, sundhya, bhujun, jup. 
 
 Devour (to), k ha lena. 
 
 Devout, dhurmee. 
 
 Dew, tail. 
 
 Dewlap, b hul bul. 
 
 The flesh hanging down from the throat of an ox. 
 
 Dexterity, chulakee, tukraee. 
 
 Dextral, sujje vul, or kune, or pase. 
 
 Diabolic, sliytan poone nal, ugur goomrooree rial. 
 
 Diadem, jigar, kulgee, tora. 
 
 Diagonal, tedha, vinga. 
 
 Dialect, bolee, juban. 
 
 Dialogue, juwab suwal. 
 
 Diamond, heera. 
 
 Diarrhoea, dust lugne, b,hook lugne. 
 
 Diary, roj bu rojee da lekha, nit purteeda lekha. 
 
 Dice, dula pasa, sar pasa, chunpoor. 
 
 Dice-box, dul pase dee dubbee. 
 
 Dictate (to), dusna. 
 
 Dictatorial, hookm nal, 2 mugrooree, mujajee. 
 
 Authoritative. Proud. 
 
 Did, keeta. 
 
 Die, rung. 
 
 Die (to), murna, mur jana. 
 
 Dier, lilaree. 
 
 Diet, rijuk 
 
 Diet (to), rijfik dena, pursad dena. 
 
 Differ, furq lugna. 
 
 Different, jooda, udo udee, utunk. 
 
 Difficult, mooshkil, oukhur, kuthin. 
 
DIF ( 76 ) DIR 
 
 Difficulty, kut hill nal, okhyaee nal. 
 Diffidence, be wuswasee, b hurmee. 
 
 Distrust. 
 
 Difformity, furq nal, bud shukhl, koo sona. 
 
 Dissimilitude. 
 
 Diffranchisement, kliol klio lenee or bund kurna. 
 
 The taking away a privilege. 
 
 Diffuse (to), k,hundouna, chhinukna, ch hutta dena. 
 
 As grain or science. As water. As grain. 
 
 Dig (to), pootunnee. 
 
 Digestion, hajin, puchm. 
 
 Digital, oongulee nal. 
 
 Dignify (to), mooratibu wudouna. 
 
 Dignity, mooratibee. 
 
 Digress, oukouna, dhyanon ookna, 2 bhutkunna. 
 
 To deviate. 
 
 Dike, phaee, breta, kunda, bunna. 
 
 Channel. Bank. 
 
 Dilapidate (to), dhaona. 
 
 Dilapidation, d hutta hoya, j haree pyee hooee. 
 
 Dilate (to), wudouna, ghutouna. 
 
 Dilemma, bikhree, oukhee, ufat. 
 
 Diligence, meenut, arthee. 
 
 Dilute, putla kurna. 
 
 Diluvion, purlo nal, purlo kurke. 
 
 Belonging to the deluge. 
 
 Dim, (to), nima nima kurna, goobaree goobaree. 
 
 Dimension, lumbaee chouraee. 
 
 Diminish, g.hut kurna, ghutouna. 
 
 Dimly, nime nal, goobare nal. 
 
 Dimple, gulan da toe. 
 
 Din, khuruhk, awaj. 
 
 Din (to), kookna, roiila kurna. 
 
 Dine (to), pursad chukunna, rotee khanee. 
 
 Ding (to), bookwa kurna, bukna 
 
 To bluster. 
 
 Dinner, pursad, rusoee. 
 
 Dinner-time, pursad da vela, rusoee da vela. 
 
 Dint, chib, bor. 
 
 Dint (to), chib pouna, bor pouna. 
 
 Dip (a), choombee, g hota marna. 
 
 Diploma, sunud. 
 
 Dire, b hy nal, houl nal, tubke nal. 
 
DIR ( 77 ) DIS 
 
 Direct, sid ha teei% oojagur, mushahoor. 
 Direct (to), liookm dena. 
 Direction, sirnawu. 
 
 Of a letter. 
 
 Directly, toorutee 2 sidhaee. 
 
 Immediately. Straight. 
 
 Director, dhyanee dekhoo, hookin deoo. 
 
 Directory, subs da dusoo. 
 
 Dirk, kuttaree, peskqubz. 
 
 Dirt, myl, chikor. 
 
 Disability, be wus, a wus, be tagut. [k holiiee. 
 
 Disabuse (to), deemagh kholna, mun dee ghoondee 
 
 Disadvantage, nooshqan jan, be faiedu. 
 
 Disaffect (to), na raj kurna. [hitkar. 
 
 Disaffection, na rajee, ghoossa, be haito, be suneho, be 
 
 Disloyalty. 
 
 Disagree (to), na mununna, udool kurna, j hugra kurna. 
 Disagreeable, be pusundya. 
 
 Disagreement, vigura, vichela, vair pa. [na ouna. 
 
 Disallow (to), mooqur pyna, be pusund kurna, pusund 
 
 To deny. 
 
 Disallowable, munjoor naheen, be hookm, na laeq. 
 
 Improper. 
 
 Disannul (to), met b lena, huta dena, mouqoof kurna. 
 Disappear (to), looq pyna, chhip jana 
 Disappoint (to), talunna, ghoosouna. 
 Disapprove, be munjoor kurna, na mununna. 
 Disarm (to), shustru k hone, top k holenee. 
 
 To take guns. 
 
 Disaster, ufat, bula. 
 
 Disavow, mooqur pyana. 
 
 Disband (to), purtul tor denee, purtul huta denee. 
 
 Disbelieve (to), be ueteebar kurna, be wusa kurna. 
 
 Disbranch, tan wud sitna, dala wut sitna. 
 
 Disburden, b^har laona, b har ootarna. 
 
 Disburse (to), wundunna, khurch kurna. 
 
 Distribute. 
 
 Disbursement, wundee hooee, khurch keeta hoya. 
 
 Distributed. 
 
 Discard (to), sit dena, soot pouona, kud h dena, huta dena. 
 
 As old clothes. Dismiss. 
 
 Discern (to), door dhyan kurna, lumee nujur. 
 
 From lumbce. 
 
DIS ( 78 ) DIS 
 
 Discernible, disun vurga, disda jilia.. [nee. 
 
 Discharge, juwab dena, liuta dena, bhar louna, cliulou- 
 
 Dismiss. To unload. To fire. 
 
 Discind (to), tookre tookre or dukre diikre kurna. 
 Disciple, chela, baluka. 
 Discipline, een, da, joogut nal. 
 Disclaim (to), be illaqu kurna, na kurna. 
 Disclose (to), bhed kholna, oojagur kurna. 
 Discolor (to), rung wuta lena. 
 Discomfit, be ramee, be sookhee. 
 Discomfit (to), har khanee, shikust k hanee. 
 Discomfort, nakliooshee, dilgeeree, humsosee. 
 Discompose (to), ukhouna, dookh dena. 
 Disconcert (to), suntouna, uk houna. 
 
 To thwart. 
 
 Discomformity, furq nal, vith nal mokula mokula. 
 Disconsolate, oodas, humsos, dilgeer. 
 Discontent, na rajee, dilgeeree. 
 Discontinue (to), mouqoof kurna, chhudna. 
 Discord, j hugra, krodh. 
 
 Strife. Anger. 
 
 Discover (to), lubhna, oojagur kurna, jahir kurna, bhed 
 
 khola, purdah k has kurna. 
 Discount, chhot, ghut, susta. 
 
 Discountenance (to), hutouna, hut kunna, munne kurna. 
 Discourage (to), hutouna, munne kurna, vurjunna. 
 Discourse (to), gulan kurnyan. 
 Discourteous, be uhsan, be kliooshamud. 
 Discous, gol mol, ghere nal. 
 Discredit (to), be ueteebar kurna, na mununna. 
 Discredit, namoshee oolamu, mehna. 
 Discreet, chuttur, gyanee, sutwunt. 
 
 Modest. 
 
 Discrepance, furq, vit h jiha naheen. 
 
 Discretion, chutraee, gyanee. 
 
 Discriminate (to), janunna, choonna, chantna. 
 
 Discumber, (to), b har louna, boj h louna, or ootarna. 
 
 Discuss, chidda chukolee, chiddee. 
 
 Discuss (to), bysna, jachunna. 
 
 Argue. Examine. 
 
 Disdain, hunkar kurna, mujaj kurne. 
 Disease, beramee, rogee munohan. 
 
DIS ( 79 ) DIS 
 
 Disembark (to), beree ooton ootarna, kundeon ootarna. 
 Disembodied, deh vichon jan nikulee hoee. 
 Disemboweled, unduron kudhya hoya, thed vichou 
 
 kud hya boya. 
 Disembroil (to), jliugra j banjlia metiia. 
 Disenable (to), aw us kurna, oukbur kurna. 
 Disencbant (to), mob simdeo butouna, tokna butouna. 
 Disencumber (to), bhar louna, pund ootarnee, bojh 
 louna. [nikal. 
 
 Disengage (to), ouk bee tbaon kudbna mooskbil vicbon 
 Disentangle (to), kbolna, wul lounee. 
 Disentbral (to), cbhudouna. 
 Disentbrone, guddeeon ootarna, tikka louunna, tukbton 
 
 ootarna, tikba k bona. 
 Disesteem (to), bait cb budna, suneo cb budna, koorut- 
 
 tun rukbnee. 
 Disfavor, kbotaee, vair pa. 
 Disfavor (to), bitkaree da, boora mununna. 
 Disfigure (to), koosona kurna, be sbukbl kurna. 
 Disfrancbise, kbol k,bo lenee, bund kurna. 
 Disgorge (to), mor dena, oogulacbna. 
 
 As wealth. As food. 
 
 Disgrace, be abrooee, be put, namosbee. 
 
 Disguise (to), b hekb kurna or bununna, ves louna. 
 
 Disgust, koura, boora. 
 
 Disb, bbande. 
 
 Disb (to), b hande oote, bbanda riikbna, teend b louneq. 
 
 Disbabille, kupre lutt be booe. 
 
 Disbearten (to), durouna, oodurouna, kum louna. [boya. 
 
 Disbed, bbande vicb, rusoee pyee booee, pursad p?a 
 
 Disbevel, wal khundaya boya. 
 
 Dishonest, j boot ha, kooryal. 
 
 Dishonor, be ijjutee, namosbee. 
 
 Dishonorable, namosbee nal, khotyaee nal, koor nal. 
 
 Disinclination, be sucbyaee. 
 
 Disingenuous, kumeen, cb hulya. 
 
 Disinherit (to), hiseon butouna, warisee khonee. 
 
 Disinter (to), nupya boya, pootna qubron kudbna. 
 
 Disinterested, be purwa boya boya, be gburz. 
 
 Void of self-interest. 
 
DIS ( 80 ) DIS 
 
 Disjoin (to), udo udee kurna, jooclajooda kurna, pootunna. 
 
 Put out of joint. 
 
 Disjunction, udo udee, utunk utunk, joodee joodee. 
 bisk, sooruj or chand dee soorut, chida or cliakulee 
 
 chukulee. 
 Dislike, koura or boora kurna, unchaha rukhna. 
 Disliken, wuda chhota, furq nal, vit li nal, jiha nuheen. 
 Dislimb (to), tookre tookre, or dukre durke kurna. 
 Dislocate (to), ookharna, pootunna. 
 Dislocation, ookliarya hoya, pootya hoya. 
 Dislodge (to), kudhna, nikalna. 
 Disloyal, dughedar, ak bee, khyanut. 
 Dismal, boul nak, dur ke, oodasee, kurke. 
 Dismantle (to), qille de, morcbe or boorj dbaone. 
 Dismask (to), purdab laona, looqya boya nikalna. 
 Dismay (to), boul, dur, fi^hum. 
 Dismember (to), lut wudnee, lut bbununnee. 
 Dismiss (to), buta dena, cb hud dena. 
 Dismortgage, ghaineon, cbhudouna. 
 Dismount, ooturna. 
 
 Disnatured, kururraee. sukbtaee, kutortaee. 
 Disobedience, bookm butaoo. 
 Disobedient, be bookma. 
 Disobey, bookm na munna, na bookma bona. 
 Disoblige (to), bina mibrwan bona, burkbe^kurna. 
 Disobligingly, bina mibrwan, undya. 
 Disorder, beramee, rogee, buburouna, tubkunna. 
 
 Sickness. 
 
 Disorder (to), beram kurna, burburouna, tubkunna. 
 
 Disorderly, burburar nal, tubuk nal. 
 
 Disown, na kurnee, na mununna. 
 
 Dispand (to), p hilouna, wisbouna, cboura kurna. [kurna. 
 
 Disparage (to), wuda cbhota kurna, munda cbunga. 
 
 To undervalue. 
 
 Disparity, furq or joodaee nal, na vurga kurke. 
 Dispart, udo udee kurna, parna, tookre tookre kurna. 
 Dispassion, dileree, thunda boya, sant b vicb boya boya. 
 Dispassionately, t bund nal, santh nal. 
 Dispatcb (to), gbulna, cbookna, butna. 
 Dispel (to), buta dena, pure kurna, kudbna. 
 Dispend (to),khurcb wudouna, khurcb kurna. 
 
DIS ( 81 ) DIS 
 
 Dispensary, duwa khanu, ouk hut k hanu, pooree kjianu. 
 
 Medical. 
 
 Dispensation wundya hoya, wun ditt^. 
 
 Distribution. 
 
 Dispensator, wundoune wala^ wundouoo. 
 Dispense (to), wundouna, wurujna, huta dena. 
 
 Distribute. Exempt. Excuse. 
 
 Disperse (to), hutouna, vail kurna, mokula kurna. 
 Dispirit (to), oodasee denee, oodurouna, durouna. 
 Displace (to), ooltouna, pooltouna, heth oote kurna. 
 Displacency, be uhsanee, be moolahiju. 
 Displant, ookharna, pootna, hutouna, pure kurna. [hoya. 
 Displantation, pure keeta hoya, poolya hoya, ookharya 
 
 As people. As trees. 
 
 Display (to), wuk,halna, byan kurna, gyan kurna. 
 
 Show. Describe. 
 
 Display, dik hala, wukhala. 
 
 DisjDlease (to), na raj kurna, suntouna, be dil kurna. 
 Displeasingness, be pusundee, mundee jihee. 
 Displeasure, be khooshee, na rajee, be suntokhee. 
 Displode (to), pat pyna, oodh jana, phoot pyna. 
 Disport (to), khediia, vurchouna. 
 Disposal, vechun leee. 
 Dispose (to), vechna, bune rukhna. 
 
 To sell. To place. 
 
 Disposer, vechoo buna ke or suwar ke rukhun waU. 
 
 Disposition, niijaj, ryhut, kutta. 
 
 Dispossess (to), kudhna, nikalna. 
 
 Dispossession, kud hya hoya, nikalya hoya. 
 
 Dispraise (to), tokna, nindunna. 
 
 Dispraise, nindya, koosulaha, vudarna. 
 
 Disprofit, nooshqan jan, guwa. 
 
 Disproof, j hoot,ha hoya hoya, be duleelee. 
 
 Disproportion, furq nal, eko jiha naheen. [kurna. 
 
 Disprove (to), j hootha kurna, j hootyarna, be duleel 
 
 Disputant, jideea, j hagroo, roule wala. 
 
 Dispute, j hugra, jjianj ha, roula. 
 
 Dispute (to), j hugurna, jidna, tukrar kurna. 
 
 Disqualification, jiha naheen, be laeq. 
 
 Disqualify (to), be laeq kurna. 
 
 Disquantity, g hutouna, ghut kurna. 
 
 Disquiet (to), suntouna, ghum dena, diqq kurna. 
 
 M 
 
DIS ( 82 ) DIS 
 
 Disquisition, tuweez dliyan vucharna, lubhna, dhondna. 
 Disregard, na pyar, be haito, unsunde hee. 
 Disregard (to), houla ruk hna or janna, namunna. 
 
 Contempt. Slight notice. 
 
 Disregardful, ghafilee, soostee, be cliutraee. 
 Disrelish, be suwadee, be pusund. 
 Disreputation, be abroee or ijjutee, namoshee nal. 
 Disrespect, be ubdee, be uhsanee 
 
 Incivility. 
 
 Disrespectful, be ubdee. 
 Disrobe (to), kupra louona. 
 Dissatisfied, na raj, dilgeer, na khoosh. 
 Dissatisfy (to), na raj kurna, suntouna. 
 Dissect (to), tookre tookre kurna, dukre dukre kurna. 
 Dissection, pet chah keeta hoya, loth pylee hooee, pet 
 chah kurna, loth pharnee. 
 
 To dissect. 
 
 Disseizee, be dawa kurna, jumeenon kudhna. 
 Disseizin, be unhuqq kud hna, budo budee kudhna. 
 Dissemble (to), puj or buhana kurna. 
 Disseminate (to), bee beejna, gul khundounee. 
 
 To sow. Propagate. 
 
 Dissension, roula, j,hugra, j hanj ha. 
 
 Dissent (to), na mun bona, patana. 
 
 Dissentaneous, jid nal, j hugre nal. 
 
 Dissertation, gulan. 
 
 Dissevering, cheer ke, par ke. 
 
 Dissimilar, furq nal, jiha or wurga naheen. 
 
 Dissimulation, dug ha kurke, dugjie nal. 
 
 Dissipate, khundouna, chutha dena. 
 
 Dissociate, udo udee or wuko wukee jana. 
 
 Dissolvable, gulne laeq, surne laeq. 
 
 Dissolve (to), gulunna. 
 
 Dissolute, budfailee, uguree. 
 
 Dissolution, vuranee, khurabee, 2 mout. 
 
 Dissonance, tukraree, j hugra. 
 
 Dissonant, kururra, sukhta, oho jiha naheen, osa naheen. 
 
 Dissuade (to), munna kurna. 
 
 Distaff, churkha, churkhee. 
 
 Distain (to), dagb louona, 2 budn am kurna. 
 
 Stain. 
 
 Distance, furq, door. 
 
DIS ( 83 ) DIS 
 
 Distance (to), peechhe chliudna. 
 
 Distant, door. 
 
 Distaste, koura, boora, be suwad. 
 
 Distasteful, be suwadee, un suwadee, be pusund. 
 
 Distemper, beramee, rogee. 
 
 Distemperate, be teechu, be hudda, asa hoora, be sutra. 
 
 Distemperature, umulphoona, be teechu, be sunthoke. 
 
 Distempered, beram, rogee. 
 
 Distend (to), p hoohia, p hailna. 
 
 Distich, urut h. 
 
 Distil, utr kudhna, uruq kudhna, rusa nuchorna. 
 
 Distiller, utr gur, uruq kudhun wala. 
 
 Distinct, udh, utunk, jooda, oojagur, jahir. 
 
 Distinction, furq, joodaee, jus musha hooree. 
 
 Note. 
 
 Distinctively, oojaguree, musha hooree, jahiree. 
 Distinguish (to), syanunna, puhchanunna, put wudounee. 
 
 Make eminent. 
 
 Distinguished, mushahoor, jus bunya hoya, putwudee 
 
 Noted. Eminent. [hooee. 
 
 Distinguisher, syanoo, puhchannoo. 
 Distort (to), kuseesan, wutnyan. 
 Distract (to), dook,h dena, suntouna. 
 Distractedly, suntap nal, dookh nal. 
 Distrain (to), la laouna. 
 
 For debt. 
 
 Distraint, la laya hoya. 
 
 For debt. 
 
 Distream, bahur noon wugna. 
 
 To run or blow out. 
 
 Distress, dookhee, humsos. 
 
 Distressed, sogee, humsosee, dook hya hoya. 
 
 Distribute (to), wundunna. 
 
 Distribution, wund, ditta h5ya. 
 
 District, purgunna, illaqa. 
 
 Distrust (to), be wusa kurna, na bhurosa kurna. 
 
 Distrustful, b,hurm nal, jun nal. 
 
 Disturb (to), be aram or tung kurna, suntouna. 
 
 Disturbance, hukama roula, luraee. 
 
 Disturbed, suntaya hoya, dookhee keeta hoya. 
 
 Disturber, suntouoo, dook hee kurun wala. 
 
 Disvaluation, namoshee, b6 putee, be pruteet. 
 
 Disgrace. 
 
DIS ( 84 ) DIV 
 
 Disvalue, syhuj bhao kurna, boora mununna. 
 
 Disunite (to), udo udee kurna bukwuk kurna. 
 
 Disunity, udo udee nal, jooda jooda. 
 
 Disusage, chhudee hooee, hutayee hooee. 
 
 Disuse (to), dustoor eh hud dena, ban chhud dene. 
 
 Disavouch (to,) mooqur pyna, na kurna. 
 
 Diswitted, hulkya hoya hoya, kumla hoya hoya. 
 
 Ditch, khaee. 
 
 Ditcher, khaee kud hun wala or pootun wala. 
 
 Ditto, oho jiha, osahee ose wurga. 
 
 Ditty, geet, rag, goun, awaj. 
 
 Divaricate (to), parna, cheerna. 
 
 Divide. Separate. 
 
 Dive (to), choobee marnee or louonee ghota marna. 
 
 Diver, choobee wala, ghote mar tobe. 
 
 Diverge, ted ha jana, vinga jana. 
 
 Divers, turah turan da, kisee kisee turandee. 
 
 Diverse, oh a jiha naheen. 
 
 Diversification, wutta, budulee. 
 
 Diversify, wutta lena, bhant b hant da bona. 
 
 Diversion, tumashu, k bed. 
 
 Diversity, jooda jooda, turan turan. [kurna. 
 
 Divert (to), vurounna, rujouna, khoosh kurna, ek pase 
 
 Diverting, virichda, virounda. 
 
 Divertingly, vuroun nal, virichya hoya. 
 
 Divest (to), nunga kurna, kudhna. 
 
 Dividable, pata jiha, pate hooe wui-ga. 
 
 Divide (to), parna, cheerna, udo udee kurna. 
 
 Dividend, hissu, wund da. 
 
 Divider, hisse bunoun wala, hissa hissa kurun wala. 
 
 Divine (to), uge bee dusna, ugulwandee bolna. 
 
 Divinely, by koont h jysa, k hurra sona. 
 
 Very fiiie. 
 
 Diviner, sugon dusne wale. 
 Divinity, b hugwan, purmeshur, narunka. 
 Divisible, hisse hisse kurun jiha. 
 Division, udo udee, 2 be milapee. 
 
 Variance. 
 
 Divorce, veeah ch hudna. 
 
 Diurnal, roj da roj, nit nit vihee, chuputtur. 
 
 Daily. Day-book, journal. 
 
 Divulge (to), oojagur kurna, b,hed kholna. 
 
 Publish. Disclose. 
 
DIV ( 85 ) DON 
 
 Divulger, oojagur kurun wala, bhed kholoo. 
 
 Divulsion, poot6 hoote, khoe hooe. 
 
 Dizen (to), suwarna, bunouna. 
 
 Dizzy, b hounya hoya, g hernee churhee hooee. 
 
 Do (to), kurna. 
 
 Docile, sikhulne wala, suhuj bhao, ghureebee nal, useel. 
 
 Docility, ghureebee, useelee, nurmaee. 
 
 Dock, juhaz khanu. 
 
 Docket, surnawe dee tikkee, thuppa. 
 
 Doctor, hukeem waed. 
 
 Doctrine, kutha. 
 
 Document, surnawa, duftur da kaghut. 
 
 Documental, dufturee da. 
 
 Dodge (to), hull o sahe lenee, odur idur bona, peechhe 
 
 peechhe luge, phirna 5dure jana. 
 Doe, hurnee, mirgnee. 
 Doer, kurunwala. 
 Doff (to), louona, ootarna. 
 Dog, kootta. 
 
 Dog (to), pichhe pichhe, luge phirna. 
 Dogged, krod'h nal, hurukh nal. 
 Doggerel, be urt h. 
 Dogmatical, jidya. 
 Doings, tumashu dhanee, khooshee. 
 Dole, hissu, 2 sog, humsos. 
 
 Spare part. Sorrow. 
 
 Doleful, sog nal, humsosee. 
 
 Doll, gooddee. 
 
 Dolorous, dilgeer, oodas hoya hoya. 
 
 Dolt, kumla, baola. 
 
 Domain, ghur. 
 
 Dome, goomtee mutli, rountee.' 
 
 Domestic, noukur chakur, tuhul wala. 
 
 Domesticate (to), haluk rukhna. 
 
 Domicile, ghur, dera, mukan. 
 
 Dominate (to), raj kurna, hookm kurna. 
 
 Domination, rajkaj, hookumut, vus or wus. 
 
 Domineer (to), hookumut kurna. 
 
 Dominion, raja dee hookumut. 
 
 Donation, ditta hoya, inam, buksees. 
 
 Done, keeta hoya. 
 
 Donor, dene wala, de walya. 
 
DOO ( 86 ) DOW 
 
 Doodle (to), jilla nukumpoona kurna, nikaru kum 
 
 kurna. 
 Doom (to), tuweez kurnee, sulah kurnee. 
 Doomsday, uftar de din, wukt de din, dojiikh de din. 
 Door, deodee, durwaju, burota. 
 Door-keeper, deodee wala, durwala. 
 Doquet, surnawe, verwar kaghut. 
 Dormant, sota hoya. 
 Dormitory, soan walee kot hree. 
 Dose, doshandu, joolab. 
 Dot, bindee, tim kunne. 
 Dotard, suttur, buhuttur gya. 
 Dote (to), suttur, buhuttur jana. 
 Dotingly, pyar kurke, hit nal. 
 Double, doohra. 
 
 Double-dealer, chhulya chilitturee. 
 Double-lock, doohra jor louna, doohra doohra knrne 
 Doubler, vuletun wala, ukutha kurne wala, tukurne wala. 
 Doubt (to), bhurm kurna, jun louna 
 Doubter, b hurmee. 
 Doubtless, be shuqq, be b hurm. 
 Douceur, wuddee. 
 
 Dove, ghooghee. [bul. 
 
 Dove-cot, kubootur khana, kubootur da khooda, koom- 
 Dove-like, ghoog hee jiha. 
 Dove-tail, teleejor. 
 Dough, pera, loja. 
 Doughty, soorma. 
 
 Brave. 
 
 Douse, (to), chanchuk doob jana, or dig pjna. 
 Dower, daj tewur, mooree. 
 Dowerless, be daj khal mookhalee. 
 Down, mydan, rour, pushm, rom, looeen. 
 
 A large open plain. Very soft feathers. 
 
 Down, hut h ha, jumeen o ote heth. 
 Downcast, jhookya hoya, niwya hooa, oodas. 
 
 Bent down. Dejected. 
 
 Downfall, vuran, khurab, vigur gya, ufat. 
 Downhill, g hatee, dundee. 
 Down-looking, oodas, sog. 
 Down-lying, jumun luga, pjda hon luga. 
 
 Child-birth. 
 
DOW ( 87 ) DRE 
 
 Downright, theek bii theek, oojagur, jabir. 
 
 Down-sitting, bytha boya, aram kurda. 
 
 Downwards, bet b lee wul. 
 
 Downward, j bookya boya, niwya boya, oodas. 
 
 Downy, pusbm jibee, rom jiba, looeen jibee. 
 
 Dowse (to), thuppe marna, cbufer marnee, tumacbu 
 
 marna. 
 Doze (to), oongna, oong louona. 
 Dozen, barub. 
 Dozy, oong landa. 
 Draff, boonj sitna. 
 Draft, boondee. 
 
 A bill for money. 
 
 Drag, rera, rerna. 
 
 Draggle (to), limbunna, pocbna. 
 
 Draggled, liburya boya, cbekur luga boya. 
 
 Drag-net, k boondee da jal, gbuseetun wala jal. 
 
 Dragoon, uswar. 
 
 Drain, ad, wainee, khalee. 
 
 Drain (to), kbal, rou, pootna. 
 
 Drake, bukut. 
 
 Drank, peeta boya. 
 
 Draper, bujjaj. 
 
 Drave, bukya boya. 
 
 Draugbt, gboot. 
 
 Diink. [kotbree. 
 
 Draugbt-bouse, soot posootee da kotba, ulpul walee 
 
 A house kept to put filth in. 
 
 Draw (to), rerna, kheecbna. 
 Drawback, sustee. 
 
 Money paid back. 
 
 Draw-bridge, kula da pool. 
 
 Drawn, rerya boya, k hecbya boya. 
 
 Drawers, soothoo, pajama, sulwar, sootjiun, ghotunna. 
 
 For men. For women. [bolna. 
 
 Drawl (to), thuduk ke bolna, utuk utuk ke koona, totula 
 
 Draw-well, doonga kboob. 
 
 Dread, bby, boul, cbinta. ^ 
 
 Dreadless, be dhuruk, unbhou, ni dburuk. 
 
 Dream (to), soopna. 
 
 Dreamer, soopne dek,bne wala, kbwab lene wala. 
 
 Dreary, oodasee nal, sog nal. 
 
DRE ( 88 ) DRU 
 
 Dregs, chikree jala, lag. 
 
 As of water or mud. 
 
 Drench (to), bjieona. 
 
 Drenched, b hinna hoya, b hijya hoya. 
 
 Dress, kupra, poshak, leera. 
 
 Dress (to), kupra paona, leera paona, 2 rinunna pouona. 
 
 As food. 
 
 Dribble (to), lala cligna, toobke pyna, chittan. 
 
 Slaver. To drop or fall slowly. 
 
 Drier, sookhun wala, sookhuon wala. 
 Drift, mutubul, gou ror or hur nal. 
 
 Design, scope. To float. 
 
 Drill (to), chek kudhna, chair louona. 
 Drill (a), vurma, 2 quwaid. 
 
 A sharp instrument. As of soldiers. 
 
 Drink (to), peena, Jul chukna. 
 
 Drinkable, peene vurga. 
 
 Drinker, peeak, peene wala. 
 
 Drip (to), toobke pyne, chitta pynyan. 
 
 Drive (to), waona, bouona. 
 
 Drivel (to), kumul poona kurna. 
 
 Driver, waone wala, bouone wala. 
 
 Driggle (to), kunyan kunyan pyneean, bhoar pynee. 
 
 Droll, thuthee baz, bukherya, basse wala, mushkuru. 
 
 Dromedary, do bunna oot. 
 
 Drone, dug mukhee, dug munookh. 
 
 A dry bee. A sluggard, idler. 
 
 Droop (to), kumla jana, odur jana. 
 
 As trees. 
 
 Drop (to), ek ek kunee or boond digna. 
 Dropsical, Jul undur war hoya hoya. 
 Dross, p hog. 
 
 The scum of metals. 
 
 Drove, chair, chouona. 
 Drover (a), palee wagee. 
 Drought, our koorapa. 
 Drown, doob jana. 
 Drowsy, oongaya hoya. 
 Drub (to), kootunna, marna. 
 Drubbing, koot khaee, mar khaee. 
 Drudge, mihnutee, kama. 
 Drudgingly, mujooree nal. 
 
 From muzdoor. 
 
DRU ( 89 ) DUM 
 
 Drug, pusar. 
 
 Drug (to), pusar dee, cheez k hanee. 
 
 Druggist, pusaree. 
 
 Drum, dhol. 
 
 Drumble (to), soost bona. 
 
 Drum-maker, dhol ghurun wala. 
 
 Drummer, dholchee. 
 
 Drum-stick, d hoi da duga. 
 
 Drunkard, umulee. 
 
 Dry, sookha. 
 
 Dryer, sook.houn wala. 
 
 Dry-eyed, be utroo or unyoo, sung dil, kutor. 
 
 Dryly, suk htaee nal. 
 
 Coldly, severely. 
 
 Dryly, sookh nal, sook h kurke. 
 
 Dry-nurse, khudawee. 
 
 Dub (to), hoohdee kurna, hoohdu dena. 
 
 Dubious, jun kurke, bhurm kurke. 
 
 Duck, butuk. 
 
 Duck (to), doobunna. 
 
 Duct, nalee, ad. 
 
 Ductile, tar, jihee, sulak. 
 
 Ductility, sulak, wurgee. 
 
 Dudgeon, kutaree. 
 
 A small dagger. 
 
 Due, huqq da chunga, laeq joga. 
 
 Fit proper. 
 
 Duel, lulkare dee luraee akur dee luraee. 
 Dug, muma, choochee, pootya hoya. 
 
 From to dig. 
 
 Dulcify (to), sonee awaj kurnee. 
 Dull-head, kumla, moorookh, be uql. 
 Dull, kumla, oodas. 
 
 Dejected, sad. 
 
 Dullness, kumla poona, moorukh poena. 
 
 Stupidity. 
 
 Duly, chungyaee nal, theek bu theek. 
 Dumal, kundyan wala. 
 
 Briery, full of bushes. 
 Dumb, goonga, thuthla. 
 Dumb-found, ghubrouna, hurburouna. 
 Dumbly, goong nal, thuthla kurke. 
 Dumps, sogee, humsosee. 
 
 N 
 
DUN ( 90 ) EAG 
 
 Dun (color), shah, koolla. 
 
 Dun (to), mungunna, tukraee kurna. 
 
 Dun (a), tukraee kurun wala. 
 
 Dunce, be uql, kumla. [go^* 
 
 Dung, lid, goar, mingna, vith 
 
 From leed. Of Horses, Elephants. Of Cattle. Goats, Sheep, Deer. Birds. 
 
 Dungeon, b hora. 
 
 Dung-hill, lid dee d heree, arooree. 
 
 Of horses. Of duno- in o-eneral. 
 
 Dunning, tukraee me shudee. 
 Dupe (a), laee lug. 
 
 A credulous person, one easily duped. 
 
 Dupe (to), thugouna, ghoosouna, oukhouna. 
 Duplicate, ootar, doohra. [hooee. 
 
 Duplication, tyh keetee hooee, bhan pace hoee, vuletee 
 Duplicity, chhul, dugga, chilittoor. 
 Durable, muzboot, tukra, moodutee. 
 Durance, qjd. 
 
 Imprisonment. 
 
 Duration, moodamee. 
 Duress, qvd. 
 
 Confinement. 
 
 During, vich judon teek. 
 Durst, bid hya hoy a, jidhya hoya. 
 Dusk, moonera, undhera. 
 Dusky, moonera jiha. 
 Dust, gurd, underee, ghutta. 
 Dutifully, tabe daree nal. 
 Duty, tabe geeree. 
 Dwarf, waona, baona. 
 Dwell (to), rehna. 
 Dwelling, mukan, tukanu. 
 Dwindle, ghut jana, t hora ho jana. 
 Dye (see Die), murna, 2 rungna. 
 Dynasty, hookumut, hookoomut, raj kaj. 
 Dysentery, dust lugne, pet chulna. 
 Looseness. 
 
 E. 
 
 Each, ik o ek. 
 
 Eager, tej trikka. 
 
 Eagerly, tejee nal, trikjiaee nal. 
 
EAG ( 91 ) EBO 
 
 Eagle, b,heel, baj, byrah. 
 
 Eagle-eyed, bheel ukhan, baj byree ukh. 
 
 Ear, sutte, ' 2 kun. 
 
 Of corn. The organ of hearing. 
 
 Earing, sitte hon wala, gubolee hoee. 
 
 As of corn. 
 
 Earless, khusee un nissur. 
 
 Having no ears. 
 
 Earliness, chulange, suvere, miisojur6. 
 Earn (to), kumouna, khutunna. 
 Earnest, trik ka, art hee. 
 
 Hot, eager, diligent. 
 
 Ear-ring, wala, unut,heean tongul, moorkya dhedo. 
 
 For men. 
 
 j hoobke, waleean, dundyan. 
 
 For women. 
 
 Ear-shot, waj soonnee. 
 
 Earth, jumeen, bhoeen, bhoom dhurtee. 
 
 Earth (to), khod vich wurna, g,hore vich wurna. [hoya. 
 
 Earth-born, mudd vich pyda hoya, doonya vich pyda 
 
 Earthen, mittee da. 
 
 Earthly, doonya dar, kumeen. 
 
 Earthquake, bho chal jumeen, kumbhun. 
 
 Earth-worm, mullapo, goodoha. 
 
 Earthly, mittee wurga 
 
 Ear-wax, kun dee myl, kunda jala. 
 
 Ear-witness, soonyar. 
 
 Ease, sook hee, aram, sookh. 
 
 Ease (to), dookh hutouna, k hed hutouna. 
 
 Easily, syhuj nal 
 
 East, poorub, ehurhda. 
 
 Sun's rising. 
 
 Easterly, poorub wul. 
 
 Easy, syhuj. 
 
 Eat (to), khana, pursad khana. 
 
 Eaves, cheja, chuja. 
 
 Eaves-drop (to), birik h lenee. 
 
 Eaves-dropper, birikhee. 
 
 Ebb, bhat. 
 
 Ebb (to), tootdee bhat, ooton ooturna. 
 
 As life. 
 
 Ebony, k,hair dee lukree. 
 
EBR ( 92 ) EFF 
 
 Ebriety, umul poona. 
 
 Ebulliate (to), oobulna. 
 
 Eccentric, luhuree, moujee. 
 
 Echo, goonj, awaj, gurj. 
 
 Eclipse, gruhun. 
 
 Eclipse (to), gruhun lugna, 2 ugle thon, uge jana. 
 
 Ecstacy uth, khooshee. Surpass. 
 
 Eddy, ghoomun, gheree, doom. 
 
 Edge, kunda, bunna, wad dhar. 
 
 Side-bank. Of a blade. 
 
 Edged, dhar kud hee hoee. 
 
 Edgeless, bina wad, be dhara,khoonda. 
 
 Edgetool, wad lugee hooee, dhar churhee hooee. 
 
 Edgewise, wad dee wul, wad or dhar de pose. 
 
 Edging, j halur, kor. 
 
 Edible, kjiane jiha or wurga. 
 
 Edict, hookm. 
 
 Edification, purhna, paona, sunta. 
 
 Edifice, imarut. 
 
 Edify (to), osarna, sik halna. 
 
 To build up. To instruct. 
 
 Editor, bunoun wala, kurun wala. 
 
 Educate (to), sikhalna. 
 
 Education, sunta. 
 
 Educe (to), kud hna, nikalna. 
 
 Eel, keendur. 
 
 Efface, mesna, metna. 
 
 Effect, hasil, lub hna, huth ouna. 
 
 Effective, kum dee, hasil dee. 
 
 Effectless, be hasil, un hoya hoya. 
 
 Effects, libas, vulewu or bulewu, cheezwust, nik, sook. 
 
 Effectual, hasil nal, kum dee. 
 
 Effectuate (to), kurna, kurouna. 
 
 Effeminate, teemee jiha, junanu jiha. 
 
 Effervesce (to), shona, pyna. 
 
 Efficacious, kum dee, hasil dee. 
 
 Efficacy, tagut, himmut, usur. 
 
 Efficient, wurga jiha, laeq. 
 
 Effigy, moorut, nuql dee shukhl. 
 
 Efflorescent, p,hool jiha nikulda. 
 
 Effluent, wugda. 
 
EFF ( 93 ) ELE 
 
 Effluvium, mooskya hoya, turk hya hoya. 
 
 Effort, meenut, heela, jera, k hechur. 
 
 Effrontery, shekhee nal, mujaj nal. 
 
 Effulge (to), chuii kunna, lish kunna, j hul kunna. 
 
 Effulgent, chum kudee or lishkclee. 
 
 Egest (to), oobutna, oopur shul kurnee^ oogulaclin, 
 
 ooltee kurnee. 
 Egg, anda. 
 
 Egotism, upnee ap sulouna, upnee wudyaee kurnee. 
 Egotist, dum da malik, lufafee, ghupee, p houree. 
 Egregious, mushahoor, oojagur. 
 Egress, lung jana. 
 Eighteen, utharuh. 
 Eight, uth. 
 
 Eight-fold, uth goonee. 
 Eight-score, uth veean. 
 Eighty, ussee. 
 Either, ja jan. 
 
 Ejaculate (to), koona, dusna. [da bol. 
 
 Ejaculation, uchuruj da, ucharuj ho jana, hoobe sahee 
 Eke (to), jorna, gundunna, bhurna. 
 Elaborate, meenut nal suwarna, khechuh nal suwarna. 
 Elapse (to), goojur jana, ho hutna. 
 Elastic, les da. 
 Elate, khooshee hooee hooee, gumroor. 
 
 Haughty. 
 
 Elation, gumrooree, mujaj ee. 
 
 Elbow, uruk, koohnee. 
 
 Elbow-room, urkan dee jugeh. 
 
 Elder, wuda. 
 
 Elders, wudeean, wuderyan. 
 
 Eldest, subna thon wuda. 
 
 Elect (to), chhantna, choonna, pusund kurna. 
 
 Elector, chhantoo, chonoo. 
 
 Electricity, chinaka. 
 
 Elegance, buhoot sonee, sujdee, soothuree. 
 
 Elegantly, suj nal, sonee nal, soothuree kurke. 
 
 Elegy, ramkuhanee, murne da rag. 
 
 Elements, tut. 
 
 As fire, water, air, &c. 
 
 Elementary, pyntee dee pothee, pyhlee suntha. 
 
ELE ( 94 ) EMB 
 
 Elephant, hathee, hustee, huthnee, guj. 
 
 She elephant. 
 
 Elephantine, hathee wurga. 
 Elevate (to), hoodu budouna. 
 Eleven, yarah. 
 
 Elicit (to), sumj hunna, k hojna. 
 Elide (to), torna, dukre dukre kurna. 
 Eligible, pusund da, pusund joga. 
 Elixir, mawa, kara, usur. 
 
 The essence. 
 
 Elk, barah singha. 
 Elipsis, b,hool, kusr, visur. 
 Elocution, chuttura jeehh, totulee jeebh. 
 Eloigne (to), prede or pure kurna. 
 
 To put at a distance. 
 
 Elongate (to) k henchna, chair louona. 
 
 To draw out. To protract. 
 
 Elope, looq jana, chhip jana. 
 
 Eloquence, chutturee or kuraree jeeb h. 
 
 Eloquent, chuttur jeeb h. 
 
 Else, nuheen tan. 
 
 Elsewhere, hor kit,he, hor the. 
 
 Eludicate (to), oojagur kurna, byan or gyan kurna. 
 
 Elude (to), buchouna. 
 
 Elusion, chhul dugha, chilitoor. 
 
 Emaciate (to), lisa bona, mara ho jana. 
 
 Emancipate (to), chhudouna. 
 
 Emasculate (to), kusee kurna. 
 
 Embale (to), bore bore, lounee. 
 
 Embalm (to), musale pouone. 
 
 Embargo, munu keeta hoya. 
 
 Embark (to), churh jana, beree oote. 
 
 Embarrass (to), tulo muchee bona, hurbura bona. 
 
 Embassador, elchee, wukeel. 
 
 Embattle (to), pura bununna. 
 
 To set or arrange in order of battle. 
 
 Embellish (to), suwarna. 
 Embers, soa, rak h. 
 Embezzle (to), looq dee choree. 
 Emblazon (to), suwarna. 
 Emblem, nuql, moorut. 
 Emblematical, vurga, ode vurga. 
 
EMB ( 95 ) EMP 
 
 Embowel (to), ojuree kudhnee. 
 
 Embrace (to), j hupee pouonee. 
 
 Embrasure, morchee. 
 
 Embrocate (to), tukor kurnee, pulosna. 
 
 Embroider (to), dore pounee, j halur pouriee. 
 
 Embroider, dore poune wala. 
 
 Embroil, j hugre or j lianjhe vich rulna. 
 
 Embrothel (to), phupe kootne de ghur bununna. 
 
 Embruted, uguree, pushoo jiha. 
 
 Very depraved. Reduced to brutality. 
 
 Embryo, udh bunnee, adham hoya hoya. 
 
 Any thing unfinished, a child indistinctly formed. 
 
 Emburse (to), roopyu mor denee. 
 
 Emendation, wuttaye hooe, nuseehut dittee hooee. 
 
 Alteration. Correction. 
 
 Emerald, hiirya, subja. 
 
 Emerge (to), goorukna. 
 
 Emergency, juroor 
 
 Emergent, juroor bu juroor. 
 
 Emersion, goorkya hoya. 
 
 Emetic, oopur shuldee duwa, oobut an dee duwa. 
 
 Emication, liskya hoya, j bulky a hoya. 
 
 Emiction, cheeta, peshab, moot. 
 
 Emigrant, oojare wala. 
 
 Emigrate (to), oojur jana, deson purdes jana. 
 
 Eminence, tilla, oocha, mushahooree. 
 
 Honor. 
 Eminent, mushahoor. 
 Emissary, sooa, takoo, bhetee, jachoo. 
 Emission, chek, kudhya hoya, sooroo totroo. 
 Emit (to), bahur nikulna. 
 Emollient, moollaem jiha, nurm jiha. 
 Emolument, nufu, laha, kuthya. 
 Emotion, dilgeeree sog, chanchuk da sog. 
 Empale, wulyan da g hera. [kurounee. 
 
 Empannel, soun denee, munookhan noon, soogund 
 Emparlance, urzee, gulan, batan, kurnyan. 
 Empassion (to), krodh kurna, ghoossa kurna. 
 Empeople (to), uwadanee, wuson kurnee. 
 Emperor, badshah, raja. 
 
 Emphasis, thusse nal, hoe nal, hudd nal, hujoke nal. 
 Empire, ryeeut, badshahee. 
 
EMP ( 96 ) ENC 
 
 Empirical, purtoun waste, jachuii waste, johuii waste. 
 
 Experimental. 
 
 Emplead (to), dawa rukhna, dyeea rukhna. 
 Employ, kum, kaj, kar. 
 
 Employ (to), kum kurouna, tuhul kurounee. 
 Empoison (to) veo moura dena. 
 Emporium, tunksal, mundee bajar. 
 
 A seat of merchandise. 
 
 Empoverish, kungal kurna. kho lena. 
 
 Empower, hookm dena. 
 
 Empress, ranee. 
 
 Empty (to), khalee or sukna kurna. [k hanee. 
 
 Empuzzle (to), hurburouna, juko tuke kurna, duko dole 
 
 Emulate (to), vekh vek h kurna, rees o reesee kurna. 
 
 Emulous, rees da. 
 
 Enable (to), kur sukna, ho sukna. 
 
 Enact (to), hookm dena. 
 
 Enactor, hookm deoo. 
 
 Enamour (to), ashiq hojana. 
 
 Encage (to), pinjure vich pouona. 
 
 Encamp (to), dera ootarna, mooqam kurna. 
 
 Encampment, kumpoo. 
 
 Encave (to), toe vich, khod vich looqna. 
 
 Enchain (to), sungol nal bununna. 
 
 Enchant (to), mohna, wus kurna. 
 
 Enchanter, mohun wala, mohoo. [serhuthu. 
 
 Enchantress, mohunee, jadoo gurnee, toone huthee 
 
 Enchase (to), suwarna, chiturna. 
 
 Encircle (to), g her lena. 
 
 Enclose (to), ghera, pouona, wul lena. 
 
 Encomiast, suloun wala. 
 
 Encomium, sulounee. 
 
 Encompass (to), g her lena, wul lena. 
 
 Encore, phir, hor ek waree, morke. 
 
 Encounter (to), bulla kurna. 
 
 Encounter, luraee, hukamu. 
 
 Encourage (to), dilasa dena, pyar boch kurna. 
 
 Encouragement, dilasa ditta hoya. 
 
 Encroach, (to), huddon undur wurna. 
 
 Encroacher, hudd tuppun wala. 
 
 Encumber (to), bhar pouona, boj h louona. 
 
 Encyclical, g.hera, chukuree. 
 
END ( 97 ) ENG 
 
 End, unt, hudd, bus, supoorun. 
 
 Endanger (to), nooshqan or jan kurna.. 
 
 Endear (to), pyar haito kurna. 
 
 Endearment, hitkaree pyara. 
 
 Endeavour (to), ineenut kurna, syee kurna. 
 
 Endict (to), dyeea ruk hna. 
 
 Ending, ho hutee, unt, supoorun. 
 
 Endless, be unt, be shoomar. 
 
 Endlong, sidhee, sidha. 
 
 Endorse, surnawu. 
 
 Endorsed, surnawu paee hooee. 
 
 Endow, daj dena, dat denee, dan den a. 
 
 To give a portion. 
 
 Endowed, daj dittee hooee. 
 
 Endue (to), dena. 
 
 Endurance, ustur humeshun da, chair da. 
 
 Continuance. 
 
 Endure, (to), ruhna, humeshu ruhna, suhna, junna. 
 
 To continue. 
 
 Endwise, ek pase, ik sire. 
 
 Enemy, vyree dooshmun. 
 
 Energetic, trik,ha, chalak, tukra. 
 
 Enervate (to), kumjor hona. 
 
 Enfeeble (to), nuqoobut hona, kum jor hojana. 
 
 Enfeoff (to), dukhla kurna, wirsa dena. 
 
 Enfetter (to), sungol, houona, bununna. 
 
 Enfilade (to), pyhe pyhe jana, vee peveehee jana. 
 
 Enforce (to), dhukm dhuke kurna, bud o budee kurna. 
 
 Enforce, jor. 
 
 Enforcedly, jor nal, dhukm dukke nal. 
 
 Engage (to), kum lounee, luraee kurnee. 
 
 Employ. Fight. 
 
 Engagement, kum, luraee. 
 
 Business. Battle. 
 
 Engender (to), jumouna, 2 muchouna. 
 
 To beget. Excite. 
 
 Engird (to), kumur kusnee, luk bununna. 
 Englut (to), lungouna, nigulna, harbe jana. 
 
 Swallow up. To glut. 
 
 Engorge (to), harbe hona, harbe jana. 
 
 Engrapple (to), wul lena, g.her lena. 
 
 Engraver, moorutgur, thuppe wala. 
 
 Engraving, thuppa laya hoya, moorut bunaee hooee. 
 
 o 
 
ENG ( 98 ) ENT 
 
 Engross (to), vela gooouna, cliair louna. 
 
 Enguard, humayut kurnee, khuburdaree kurnee. 
 
 Enhance, badouna, wudouna. 
 
 Enigma, rumj sharut, dist koont, synut. 
 
 Enjoin (to), hookm dena or kurna. 
 
 Enjoy, khooshee, munounee. 
 
 Enkindle, balna julna, muchouna. 
 
 Excite. 
 
 Enlarge, wudouna, wuda kurna. 
 
 Enlight, chanoon kurna, oojala kurna. 
 
 Enlink (to), sungol nal bununna. 
 
 Enliven (to), rajee kurna, khooshee kurna. 
 
 Enmesh, jal vich p husna, p haee vich phusna. 
 
 Enmity, dooshmunee, vair, killush. 
 
 Ennoble (to), ijjut budounee or wudounee. 
 
 Ennobled, ijjut, put, wudee hooee. 
 
 Enormous, wuda, wude, thon wuda, uth wuda. 
 
 Enough, bus, anund, soopoorun. 
 
 Enrage (to), ghoosa churhouna. 
 
 Enrange (to), pal o palee rukhnee. 
 
 Enrapture (to), khooshee se khooshee hona. 
 
 Enravish (to), khooshee se khooshee kurna, moh kurna. 
 
 Enrich (to), dhun wudouna. 
 
 Enrobe, kupre pouona. 
 
 Enrol (to), bhurtee kurna, nawa louona. 
 
 Enroller, b hurtee kuroo, nawa laoo. 
 
 Enroot (to), juran sumet louona, juran sune louona. 
 
 Enround (to), oodale oodale phirna, g here ghere paona. 
 
 Ensample, wungee, numoonu dikhala. 
 
 Ensanguine (to), lohoo nal liburna. 
 
 Ensconce (to), bununna. 
 
 Enshield (to), humayut kurnee, dhal lounee, ot denee. 
 
 Enshrine (to), qubr vich pouna, soomad h vich dhurna. 
 
 Ensign, nishan. 
 
 Ensign-bearer, nishanchee. 
 
 Enslave (to), ghoolam poona kurna. 
 
 Enslavement, ghoolam poona keeta hoya. 
 
 Ensue (to), ho hutna, hasil hona. 
 
 Ensure (to), muloom kurna, buchouna, humayut kurna. 
 
 Ascertain. To save. Secure. 
 
 Entail (to), shurt nal denee, ban nal denee. 
 Entame (to), ruljana, miljana. 
 
ENT ( 99 ) EPI 
 
 Entangle (to), wul pounee, ghoochee kurnee. 
 
 Entender (to), nurm, putla, moolaem kurna. 
 
 Enter, wurna, lungna. 
 
 Entering, booha lungna. 
 
 Enter-parlance, gulan, pounyan. 
 
 Enterprise, jamunna, purtouna. [kurnee. 
 
 Entertain (to), vurouna, gulan nal kurnyan, meemanee 
 
 To treat. 
 
 Entertaining, virich da, meemanee. ■ 
 
 Pleasing. Treating as a host. 
 
 Entertainment, jug, meemanee dee rTisoee. 
 
 Enthrone, tukh oote guddee cDt he byt halna, tik ha dena. 
 
 Enthusiasm, tirkhaee nal, reej nal. 
 
 Enthusiast, reejoo, reej kurun wala. 
 
 Entice, rijouna, wurouna, pulosna, boch kurna. 
 
 Entire, poora, subo. 
 
 Entitle (to), nao dhurna, ijjut budounee, hoodu denee. 
 
 Entoil (to), phusna, phasna. 
 
 Entomb, nupna, soomad h vich rukhna. 
 
 Entrails, ojuree, andur peta. 
 
 Entrance, booha, durwaja. 
 
 Entranced, oongaya hoya hoya, neend da mutta hoya. 
 
 Entrap (to), moolla louonee, chog pouonee, p husouna. 
 
 Entreat (to), meenut kurnee, urjoee kurnee. 
 
 Envelop (to), wuletna, lifafe vich rukhna. 
 
 Envelope, bill, lifafu. [ukh churhouna. 
 
 Envenom (to), moura, veo denee, ghoosse kurna, hur- 
 
 Envious, riks nal, shureeke, rees nal. 
 
 Environ (to), oodale, ghera, pouona, chufeeeon walna. 
 
 To surround. To hem in. TJa gora. 
 
 Environs, mood o moodee, kol o kolee, pas o pase, shurhur 
 
 Enumerate (to), ukutha kurna, dusna. 
 
 Enunciate (to), khubur denee or kurnee, oojagur kurnee. 
 
 To declare. Proclaim 
 
 Envoy, wukeel, elchee. 
 
 Envy (to), riks kurnee, shureeka, rees kurnee. 
 
 Enwomb, looqouna, chhipouna. 
 
 Hide, Conceal. 
 
 Epaulette, j hubba, kalus. 
 Epicene, chahe murdana, chahe junanu. 
 Epicurean, swadee, chakhoo. 
 Epidemical, subna da subna wale. 
 
EPI ( 100 ) ERE 
 
 Epigraph, soomadh dee likhut. 
 
 Epilepsy, mirgee. 
 
 Epistle, hurdas, chittee. 
 
 Epitaph, soomadh dee lik,hut. 
 
 Epitomise (to), c hhota kiirna, mit h sena. 
 
 Epoch, joog, sudee. 
 
 Epulary, jug kurke, jug dee. 
 
 Equability, bura buraburee, saf. 
 
 Equably, ek o jihe nal. 
 
 Equal, burabur, buraburabur, ek o jihee. 
 
 Equality, buraburee nal, be khooshamud kurna. 
 
 Equanimity, ek dila, humeshun jiha. 
 
 Equerry, ghore anda, darogliu. 
 
 Equestrian, churha uswar. 
 
 Equidistant, ek o jihe, vith nal, eke undaj nal. 
 
 Equiformity, buraburabur, buraburee. 
 
 Equilateral, tu g hoota, tu fchoonta, ek o jiha. 
 
 Equilibrate (to), pasung bununna. 
 
 Equilibration, ek o jiha, toal vieh sawan. 
 
 Equinox, sheverat. 
 
 Equinumerant, ek se lumbur da. 
 
 Equip (to), suwarna. 
 
 Equipage, uswaree. 
 
 Equipoise, eke toal da, ek o jiha. 
 
 Equiponderant, burabur da toal, ek o wujn. 
 
 Equitable, chunga, wurga, joga, be khooshamud. 
 
 Fit. Impartial. 
 
 Equivalence, burabur da sawan. 
 
 Equivalent, 6k se qudr da. 
 
 Equivocal, jun jiha, b hurn jiha, shuqq jihee. 
 
 Equivocate, opota pyna, aUbir nal koona. 
 
 Era, joog sudee. 
 
 Eradiation, kirna nal. 
 
 Eradicate (to), ook harna, pootna, vigarna. 
 
 Erase (to), mesna, met,hna. 
 
 Ere, uge nalon. 
 
 Erect, sid ha. 
 
 Erection, osar ya hoya, sidha keeta hoya. 
 
 Erelong, thore tukrar nal, t.hore cheer vich. 
 
 Erenow, es t hon pyhla. 
 
 Erewhile, uge hee. 
 
ERR ( 101 ) EVA 
 
 Err (to), bhoolunna, b hutkunna, vusarna. 
 
 Errand, sunhaha. 
 
 Errant, b hoolya dolya hoya, mushahoor. 
 
 Notorious. 
 
 Errata, sodhna, pot,hee da sodhna. 
 Erratic, oodasee phirna. 
 Error, visur, bhool. 
 Erudition, ihn, bood,h, vid hya. 
 Eruption, nikulya hoya, p hootya hoya. 
 
 As smoke or a pimple. 
 
 Escalade (to), pour, sang louona, ude louone. 
 
 Escape (to), b huj jana, buch jana. 
 
 Eschew (to), vuchouna, huta rukhna. 
 
 Escort (to), rakhee kurnee, khuburdaree kurnee. 
 
 Escort, jachoo, takoo, sooa. 
 
 Esculent, k hane vurga or jiha. 
 
 Especial, jaroor bu juroor. 
 
 Espousal, saka giree. 
 
 Espousals, kurmaee denee, sak dena. 
 
 Espouse (to), sak dena, nala dena. 
 
 Espy (to), disna, deedar. 
 
 Essay, syee, meenut. 
 
 Endeavour. 
 
 Essence, utr, uruq. 
 
 Essential, juroor da. 
 
 Establish (to), t,hurounna, thikouna. 
 
 Estate, jugeer. 
 
 Esteem (to), pyar kurna, halt rukhna, sundesa kurna. 
 
 Estimate (to), husab kurna, qeemut kurnee. 
 
 Estrange (to), hutouna, door rukhna, unjan hojana. 
 
 To keep at a distance. [hutya hoya. 
 
 Estrangement, unjan hoya hoya, be syan hoya hoya. 
 
 Etch (to), khainchna, usul dee nuql bunounee. 
 
 Eternal, humeshu de humeshu. 
 
 Eternalize (to), umur bona, churun jee bona. 
 
 Eternally, humeshu nal. 
 
 Ether, wao, huwa, paon. 
 
 Ethics, wuju kurke, nekee kurke. 
 
 Etymology, gul da mcx)d. 
 
 The true derivation of words. 
 
 Evacate (to), khalee kurna, chud dena, vela kurna. 
 
 To make void, empty. 
 
EVA ( 102 ) EVI 
 
 Evade (to), buchouna, buchunna, bhujna. 
 Evanescent, nirmul, nittrya hoya. 
 Evaporate (to), nuttur jana, nirmul bona. 
 Evasion, bucba, wul chhul, chilitooree. 
 
 Escape. Equivocation. 
 
 Evasively, wulan nal, cb hulan nal. 
 Eve, tukalan, sunj h. 
 Even, burabur, pudra, but baree. 
 Even-banded, be k boosbamudee. 
 
 Impartial. 
 
 Evening, tukalan, sunj h. 
 
 Evenly, burabur nal, pudree kurke. 
 
 Event, basul. 
 
 Eventide, tukalan, sunj h. 
 
 Eventual, basul dee. 
 
 Resulting. 
 
 Eventually, picbbare, picbbon. 
 
 Ever, bumesbu, nit. 
 
 Ever-bubbling, bumesbu oobuldee. 
 
 Ever-burning, bumesbu jugdee or buldee. 
 
 Ever-green, bumesban dee, bureeaee or subjee. 
 
 Ever-honored, bumesban dee put or ijjut. 
 
 Everlasting, bumesb da bumesb. 
 
 Everlastingly, bumesb da bumesb kurke. 
 
 Ever-living, ebirun jee, or umur boya boya. 
 
 Ever-more, be unt. 
 
 Every, ik ik, sub koee. 
 
 Everywhere, bur kit be, sare bee. 
 
 Evidence, oogabee, sabidee. 
 
 Evidence (to), oogab dena. 
 
 Evident, musbaboor, oojagur jabir, saf, muloora. 
 
 Evil, mugroor, ugur, mara vuran. 
 
 Evil-doer, bud kar, mugroor. 
 
 Evil-favored, bud sbukbl, koosonee. 
 
 Evil-minded, uguree, mugrooree, mujajee. 
 
 Evil-speaking, nindya, nindook, toobmutee, ooj bee. 
 
 Evil-wisbing, noosbqan, cbanounda. 
 
 Evil-worker, ugur kurne wala. 
 
 Evince (to), wukbalna. 
 
 Prove, show. 
 
 Evincible, duleel jiba, duleelee. 
 Evitable, bucboun jiba. 
 
EVI ( 103 ) EXC 
 
 Evitate (to), buchouna, bhujunna. 
 Eunuch, khosra, hijura, kumanoo. 
 Eunuchate (to), kliosra kurna. 
 Evoke (to), sudna, boolana. 
 Evolve (to), wullouonee, wulkholnee. 
 
 Disentangle. 
 
 Evolution wukbala, dikhala. 
 
 Display. 
 
 European, wilayutee. 
 
 Ewe, bhed, chutree. 
 
 Ewer, sooraee, lot. 
 
 Exact, t heek, theek bu theek. 
 
 Exact (to), mungunna, jor nal khona. 
 
 Exaction, khoya hoya, 2 muhsool. 
 
 Exactly, theek da theek. 
 
 Exaggerate (to), thore da buhoata kurna, p hula kurna. 
 
 Exalt (to), wudouna, wada kurna. 
 
 Examine (to), jachna, tuteeq kurna. 
 
 Exemplary, numoonu jiha, numoonu wala. 
 
 Example, numoonu rees, dek ha dekhee. 
 
 Exanimated, be jan moya hoya, oodas, sogee. 
 
 Exanimation, jan kudhee hooee. 
 
 Exasperate, ghoossa, krodh, hurukh, churhana. 
 
 Exasperation, g hoossa, huruk h, churhaya hoya. 
 
 Excantation, moh hutaya hoya. 
 
 Excavate (to), toa pootunna polee kurnee. 
 
 As ground. 
 
 Exceed (to), hudd o hudd wudouna. 
 
 Exceeding, buhoate se buhoata. 
 
 Exceedingly, buhoata kurke. 
 
 Excell (to), wudh jana. 
 
 Excellence, wudee, boodhee, chungee se chungee. 
 
 Excellent, mushahoor, buhoata chunga. 
 
 Eminent. 
 
 Excellently, chungeeaee nal. 
 
 Except, sugon, suwa. 
 
 Except (to), chhudna. 
 
 Exception, ch hudya hoya. 
 
 Exceptionable, be pusund, laeq dee naheen. 
 
 Excerpt, wudya hoya, hutya hoya. 
 
 Excess, buhoata, jastee. 
 
 Excessive, buhoata, be hudda. 
 
EXC ( 104 ) EXE 
 
 Exchange (to), wuttouna, wutta kurna. 
 
 Exchange, wutto sutta. 
 
 Exchequer, bukshee khanu, jdiujanu. 
 
 Excise, muhsool, jugat. 
 
 Excision, juran thon, pootya hoya. 
 
 Excitation, much ay a hoya. 
 
 Excite (to), muchouna. 
 
 Exclaim (to), tangurna, hubbo saona. 
 
 Exclude (to), hudhna, hutouna. 
 
 Exclusion, kudhya hutaya hoya. 
 
 Exclusively, chhudya huta hoya, buk o bukee. 
 
 Exclusory, kudhun wurga, hutoun wurga. 
 
 Excogitate (to), hikmut kurnee, soch kurna. 
 
 Excommunicate (to), kudhna, nikalna. 
 
 Excoriate, chum oochur jana. 
 
 Excortication, rung, bukol, chhil, lahee hooee. 
 
 Excrement, lid, vith, mingna, goo, goar. 
 
 Of Elephants, Horses. Of Birds. Of Goats or Deer. Of Men. Cattle. 
 
 Excrescence, gund, muhroree, goomee. 
 
 As of trees. Of the body. 
 
 Excruciate (to), dook^h dena, suntouna. 
 
 To torture. 
 
 Excubation, sare rat dee chooksaee. 
 Exculpate (to), sucha kurna, be tukseer kurna. 
 Excursion, syl, sufur. 
 Excursive, syl da sylee. 
 Excusable, chhimma kurne jog. 
 Excusatory, upna ap buchouna. 
 Excuse, bucha, oojr. 
 
 Excuse (to), moaf kurna, ch himma kurna. 
 Excuseless, be oojr, be juwab. 
 Execrate (to), sraf kurna, d hurna. 
 Execration, sraf ditta hoya, dhurna ditta hoya. 
 Execute (to), kum kurna, sour jana. 
 Execution, kum keeta hoya, jubtya hoya, mout. 
 
 Writ, seizure. Debt. 
 
 Executioner, jullad, qusaee. 
 Executor, wirsa, wundun wala. 
 Exemplar, numoonu ootar. 
 Exemplarily, numoone nal. 
 Exemplary, laeq nal, rees o reesee. 
 Exemplify (to), wukhalna. 
 
EXE ( 105 ) EXP 
 
 Exempt, sukna klialee, ch booty a hoya. 
 
 Exequies, sarun da uhwal. 
 
 Exercise, toorna, phirna. 
 
 Exercise (to), kum kurna. 
 
 Exert (to), meeiiut kurnee. 
 
 Exfoliate (to), chhilunna, bukol kudhna. 
 
 Exhalation, huwa bhaf. 
 
 Exhale (to), sah kud hna, undur da, bahur kud hna. 
 
 Exhaust (to), khurch kurna, ho pyna. 
 
 Exhaustible, khurch kurun wala. 
 
 Exhaustion, t huka hoya, khurch ho gya. 
 
 From fatigue. 
 
 Exhaustless, be unt, un Jdiurch. 
 
 Exhibit (to), wuk,halna. 
 
 Exhilirate (to), kliooshee kurna, anund kurna. 
 
 Exhort (to), nuseehut, mut denee, bosh denee. 
 
 Exigent, juroor toree dee, burjuroor. 
 
 Exile (toj, des nikala dena, moolkon kud hna. 
 
 Exist (to), bona, rehna, jeeona. 
 
 Existence, jindugee, Jan. 
 
 Exit, toorya gya, 2 mout. 
 
 Death. 
 
 Exonerate (to), soorookh rookurna, ch hudouna. 
 
 Exorbitant, buhoot buhoota, ut h buhoota. 
 
 Exorcise (to), jhara kurna, mob hutouna. 
 
 Exotic, budesee purdesee. 
 
 Expand (to), khind jana, vish jana, pussur jana. 
 
 Expanse, k hunda, phyla. 
 
 Expaliate (to), gul wudounee. 
 
 Expatriated, des nikala, ditta hoya. 
 
 Expect (to), oodeekna, as kurnee. 
 
 To wait for. 
 
 Expectation, oomed, as, oodeek. 
 Expectorate (to), khungarna, khungoorna. 
 Expedience, joga bee, vurga hee, 2 chetee shitab. 
 
 Fitness. Haste. 
 
 Expediate (to), chetee kurnee, shitabee kurnee. 
 
 Expedition, chetee nal. 
 
 Expel (to), kudhna nikalna. 
 
 Expend (to), khurch kurna. 
 
 Expensive, kliurcha nal. 
 
 Experience, myhrum geeree, waqibee. 
 
 p 
 
EXP ( 106 ) EXP 
 
 Experienced, myhrum geer, waqibdar. 
 
 Experimental, purtoun dee leee, jaehun waste. 
 
 Experimentally, purta nal. 
 
 Expert, chalak, chutra. 
 
 Expertly, chutraee nal, ehalakee nal. 
 
 Expiate (to), munouna. 
 
 Expiation, munoun dee leee. 
 
 Expiration, mout, 2 unt. 
 
 Death. End. 
 
 Expire (to), murna, murjana. 
 Explain (to), byan or gjan kurna. 
 Explanatory, byan or gy an nal. 
 Explicate, (to), byan, k.holna. 
 
 Unfold. Explain. 
 
 Explicit, oojagur, jahir, theek bu t heek. 
 Explicitly, oojaguree nal, saf kurke. 
 Explode (to;, oodh jana. 
 
 As powder. 
 
 Exploit, kum. 
 
 Explorate (to), jachunna, purtouna, tulashna. 
 Explosion, oodhya hoya, ood h g?a. 
 Export (to), mal ghulna. 
 
 To send from a country. 
 
 Exportation, mal ghnlya hoya. 
 
 Expose (to), kholunna, oogarna, nunga kurna. 
 
 Exposition, byan, gyan. 
 
 Expostulate (to), bysna, j hugurna. 
 
 Expostulation, byse liooe. 
 
 Exposure, klialya hoya, nunga keeta hoya. 
 
 Expound (to), oojagur kurna, jahir kurne, byan kurna. 
 
 Express (to), ak hna, dusna. 
 
 Express, saf, jahir, oojagur, 2 hulkara kasht. 
 
 Plain, downright A courier, messenger. 
 
 Expression, gul, 2 nichorya hoya. 
 
 Form of speech. Pressing out. 
 
 Expressive, jahir or oojagur jiha. 
 Expressly, ose waste, ose leee. 
 Exprobate (to), tokna hutkunna. 
 Expropriate (to), dawa ch hud dena. 
 
 Give up a claim. 
 
 Expugn (to), bulla kurke jitna. 
 Expulse (to), kud h dena, nikal dena. 
 Expulsion, kudhya hoya, nikalya hoya. 
 
EXP ( 107 ) EXU 
 
 Expunge (to), mesna, met hna. 
 
 Expurgation, saf or chitta keeta hoya. 
 
 Exquisite, khurra sona, buhoot chunga. 
 
 Exsuscitate (to), jee pyna, moya hoya, juwalna or jeeona. 
 
 Extancy, ootula, oopur le pas se. 
 
 Rising above the rest. 
 
 Extant, jeeonda. 
 
 Extempore, bina sooj, bina wuchar. 
 
 Without premeditation. 
 
 Extend (to) wudouna, budouna, lumba, pouona. 
 
 Extension, wudaya hoya. 
 
 Extensive, wuda, choura, mokula. 
 
 Extent, door. 
 
 Extenuate (to), g.hutouna, 2 hutouna, talunna. 
 
 To lessen. Palliate. 
 
 Exterior, bahur le pase. 
 
 Exterminate (to), kudhna, huta denee. 
 
 Extermination, kud hya, hutaya hoya. 
 
 External, bahur noon. 
 
 Externally, bahur kurke. 
 
 Extinct, booj,hya hoya, moya hoya. 
 
 Extinguished. As life. 
 
 Extinguish (to), booj hunna. 
 Extirp (to), pootunna, ookharna, kudhna. 
 Extol (to), sulouna, qeemut, or jus kurnee. 
 Extort (to), budo budee lena. 
 Extortioner, jubur dust, dhuke khora. 
 Extract (to), chhantna, choonna, pootunna. 
 
 Select. Draw out. 
 
 Extraction, jat, pat, wurn, cheen. 
 Extrajudicial, shurru or dhurmon thon bahur. 
 Extraneous, horus vurga, ek o jiha, naheen. 
 Extraordinary, ulokar, uchumba, uchuruj. 
 Extravagant, khurchoo, kharchoo, oodaoo. 
 Extravagantly, khurch nal, ooda nal. 
 Extreme, buhoata. 
 Extremely, buhoata kurke. 
 Extremity, unt buhoata buhoata. 
 Excess. 
 
 Extricate (to , mooshkilon buchouna, oukhuronkud,hna. 
 Extuberance, goomee, 2 gundh. 
 
 As on the body. As from a tree. 
 
 Exuberant, wada hoya hoya. 
 
EXU ( 108 ) FAD 
 
 Exuberantly, wade nal. 
 
 Exude (to), moorka ouona, gurmee ouonee. 
 
 To sweat out. 
 
 Exult (to), khooshee hona, pursun bona. 
 
 Exultance, khooshee, aiiund taee. 
 
 Exuviae, lahee hooee khul, ootaree hooee k hul. 
 
 Cast skins. 
 
 Eye, ukh, netr chushm njn. 
 Eye-ball, uk h, dee kakee. 
 Eye-brow, burwutta. 
 Eye-glass, uenuk. 
 Eye-lash, j himunee. 
 Eyelet-hole, moree. 
 Eyelid, puluk. 
 
 Eye-sore, uk been boora disna. 
 Eye-tooth, jarh, hunon. 
 Eye-wink, synut, ukh marnee. 
 Eye-witness, uk been da oogah. 
 
 F. 
 
 Fable, kutha kuhanee. 
 
 Fabled, kutha jihee, puj laya hoya. 
 
 Told in fables. Feigned. 
 
 Fabric, imarut, mundur. 
 Fabricate (to), osarna 
 
 Build. 
 
 Fabrication, osurya hoya. 
 
 Fabulist, kut ha kurun wala. 
 
 Fabulous, puj tahya hoya. 
 
 Face, moonh, soorut. 
 
 Facetious, khooshee rajee, hussa tutta, bukhera. 
 
 Facilitate (to), syhuj kurnee, oukhuron kudhnee. 
 
 Facility, syhuj nal. 
 
 Fact, such. 
 
 Faction, roula hukama, fusad. 
 
 Factious, roula jiha hukama, jiha dunge wurga. 
 
 Factor, kurne wala. 
 
 Factory, kark hanu. 
 
 Faculty, tagut, qoodrut himmut, foorsut. 
 
 Facundity, chutra bol, chalak bol. 
 
 Faddle (to), wyhum kurna. 
 
FAD ( 109 ) FAM 
 
 Fade (to), sookh jana, oodiir jaiia, kumla jana. 
 
 Faeces, goo, myl. 
 
 Fag (to), mihnut kurnee. 
 
 Fagots, lukreean dee pund. 
 
 Faint (to), ghush pynee, ghernee churhnee. 
 
 Faint-hearted, kookoor dila, na murd. 
 
 Fainting, ghush dundun pynee. 
 
 Faintly, kumjooree nal. 
 
 Feebly. 
 
 Fair, gora, nisho. 
 
 Fair, uhsanwunda, 2 mela. 
 
 Civil. Festival. 
 
 Fairing, mele da inam. 
 
 Fairly, suchaee nal, 2 oojaguree nal. 
 
 Clearly. 
 
 Fairness, gora jiha, klioob sona. 
 
 Fair-spoken, sidha bhola, ruseel juban. 
 
 Fairy, puree. 
 
 Faith, eeman dhurm. 
 
 Faithful, eeman nal, dhurm kurke. 
 
 Faithfulness, suchaee. 
 
 Faithless, be dhurm, kumeen. 
 
 Falcon baj, byhru. 
 
 Falconer, baj an wala. 
 
 Fall (to), digna, dig pyna, dhy jana. 
 
 Fallacious, ch,hulye jiha, chilitturee. 
 
 Fallacy, ch,hul nal. 2 visar nal, bhool nal. 
 
 Erroneously. 
 
 Fallibility, visurya jiha. 
 
 Fallible, vusaroo visurun wala. 
 
 Falling, digda, tirda, djiynda. 
 
 Falling-sickness, mirgee dee kusr. 
 
 Fallow, upur jumeen, waee hooee, wahun pya. 
 
 False, j hootha, chhulya. 
 
 Falsehearted, chhulya, dughebaj khuchura. 
 
 Falsely, j hoot he nal. 
 
 Falsehood, j booth, d hugul. 
 
 Falsify (to), puj kurna, t,hugee kurna. 
 
 To forge. 
 
 Falter (to), goon goon kurna. 
 Fame, jus mushahooree oojaguree. 
 Famed, mushahoor, jus keeta hoy a. 
 
FAM ( 110 ) FAR 
 
 Fameless, bejus namoshee. 
 Familiar, mitr pyara, hitkaree. 
 
 Intimate acquaintance. 
 
 Familiar (to be), vith o be, vit ha bona, h uddon tup 
 
 jana or bahur h5na. 
 Familiarily, hit karee nal. 
 Familiarize (to), ban kurnee, wadee kurnee. 
 Familiarly bet nal, sundeh nal. 
 Family, ghur wale lok 
 
 Famine, qal, moonwara. [murna. 
 
 Famish (to), b hookh nal murna, b,hook h dee dook,h 
 Famous, mushahoor, juswunt. 
 Famously, jus nal, mushahooree, oojaguree nal. 
 Fan, pukka. 
 Fan (to), pukka kurna. 
 Fanatic, ookwasa, ookwaya. 
 Fanatical, ookwase vurga or jiha. 
 Fanciful, wyhumee. moujee, luhree. 
 Fancy, wyhum, mouj, luhr. 
 Fancy (to), chahna, dil kurke chahna. 
 
 To long for. 
 
 Fang, dundyan. 
 
 Fanged, dundyan lugean hooyan. 
 
 Fangless, be dundean, bina dundyan. 
 
 Fanner, pukka j hulunwala. 
 
 Fantastic, wyhum nal. 
 
 Fantom, bhoot, pret, b hootna. 
 
 Far, door, pure, prede. 
 
 Fare, khana, rusoee, pursad, 2 kiraya, b,hara. 
 
 Food. 
 
 Fare (to) goojuran kurnee. 
 
 Fairwell, widya or vidya. 
 
 Farfetched, dooran lay a hoy a, 2 mangha. 
 
 Brought from afar. Dear. 
 
 Farinacious, ate vurga, mjde vurga. 
 
 Resembling. Meal. 
 
 Farm, ujare de jumeen. 
 
 Farmer, ujara chookoun wala, theklia kurun wala. 
 
 Farming, halee da kum, wahee da kum. 
 
 Farmost, subna nalon door. 
 
 Farrago, ooludna, pooludna, dher. 
 
 Farrier, nal bund. 
 
PAR ( 111 ) FAU 
 
 Farriery, chubundee kurna. 
 
 Fart (to), pad marna. 
 
 Farther, door t hon door, ut h door. 
 
 Farthermore, sugon, nale. 
 
 Farthest, subna nalon, door. 
 
 Fascinate (to), moh kurna. 
 
 Fascination, mohya hoya. 
 
 Fascine, kat h da purola. 
 
 Fashion, nuqshu, nunoonu, ootar. 
 
 Fashion (to), bunouna, soorut dee moorut, bunouna. 
 
 Fashionable, wadee, ban chungee. [hooee. 
 
 Fashioned, bunaya hoya, soorut dee moorut bunaee 
 
 Fast, tukra, mujboot. 
 
 Fast (to), roju wurt or hurt ruk^hna. 
 
 Fasten (to), bununna. 
 
 Faster, roje rukhun wala, wurt or hurt ruk,hun wala. 
 
 Fasthanded, soom, mujee, kirput. 
 
 Fastidious, chakoo kurun wala, mugrooree. 
 
 Fasting-day, roje da din, wurt or hurt da din. 
 
 Fat, rnota tukra. 
 
 Fat (to), taju kurna. 
 
 Fatal, nooshqanee, janee. 
 
 Fatalist, qismust wala, lekha wala. 
 
 Fatality, nooshqan or jan nal. 
 
 Fatal, nooshqanee or jan nal. 
 
 Fate, qismut, bhag. 
 
 Fated, qismut jagee hooee, bhag bigee hooee. 
 
 Father, peo bab, pita, bapoo. 
 
 Fatherless, bina peo, ma pe bahur. 
 
 Fatherly, peo jiha, or vurga. 
 
 Fathom, gyan. 
 
 Penetration 
 
 Fathomless, be utah. 
 Fatigue, mandegee munohan. 
 Fatling, pooja dee b het. 
 Fatner, palun wala. 
 Fatness, tajee, motaee. 
 Fatten (to), palna, taju kurna. 
 Fatuity, kumul poona, be uql poona. 
 Fault, tukseer, goonah. 
 Faultless, be tukseer, kamil. 
 
FAU ( 112 ) FEI 
 
 Faulty, tuqseer nal. 
 
 Favor, inihrbanee. 
 
 Favor (to), mihr wangee kurnee. 
 
 Favorable, chuiiga jiha, sona. 
 
 Favorite, hitkaree, khooshamudee. 
 
 Fawn (to), pulosna, wudeeouna. 
 
 Fawningly, pulosun, or wudeeoun nal. 
 
 Fealty, tabya geeree. 
 
 Fear, dur, hhy, houl, kliouf. 
 
 Fearful, houl nal, bji? nal. 
 
 Fearfully, bhy nal. 
 
 Fearless, nidur, be hou. 
 
 Feasibility, hon wale nal. 
 
 Feast, udumbur, jug. 
 
 Feast (to), jug kurna. 
 
 Feat, hikmut, hutli naluk. 
 
 Feather, pur, k humb. 
 
 Feather (to), pur loune, k humb loune. 
 
 Feathered, pur lae hooe. 
 
 Featherless, boat k humba thon bina. 
 
 Feature, soorut, chihra. 
 
 Febrile, tap nal. 
 
 February, phugun. 
 
 Feculent, chikor nal, myl kurke. 
 
 Fecundate (to), phul walee kurnee, jumeen suwarna. 
 
 Fecundity, p hulee hooee. 
 
 Fed, khuwaya. 
 
 Federate, milee hooee, sulah keetee hooee, sulah. 
 
 Fee, inam, buksees. 
 
 Fee (to), inam dena, buksees denee. 
 
 Feeble, kumjoor, mara. 
 
 Feebleness, kumjoree, naqoobutee. 
 
 Feed (to), k huwana. 
 
 Feed, khana, pursad, rusoee. 
 
 Feel (to), toohna tolna. 
 
 As in tlie dark. 
 
 Feeling, tolda tohnda, 2 huleemee, ruseelee. 
 
 Feelingly, huleemee, ruseelee nal. 
 
 Feet, pyran. 
 
 Feetless, bina pyr, loola. 
 
 Feign (to), puj kurna, or louna. 
 
FEI ( 113 ) FES 
 
 Feint, puj, buhanee. 
 
 Felicitate (to), khoosh, sookhee kurnee. 
 
 Felicity, kliooshee, sookbee. 
 
 Fell (to), wud sitna. 
 
 As trees. 
 
 Feller, wud sootun wala. 
 
 Felly, pyheean dyan, oodan, or gunyaii. 
 
 Fellow, sanjhee, 2 jora. 
 
 Associate. Pair. 
 
 Fellow-creature, khil kut, sanj hee. 
 
 Fellow-feeling, upna jihee dya. 
 
 Fellow-heir, hisse wala 
 
 Fellow-labourer, sanj hee, mihnut wala. 
 
 Fellow-servant, sanj hee, noukur. 
 
 Fellowship, sohbut. 
 
 Fellow-soldier, sanjhee, minjee. 
 
 Fellow-student, eke tunksal de, ukuthe pure hooee. 
 
 Fellow-sufferer, eko jiha, dookh. 
 
 Felo-de-se, ap ghatee. 
 
 Felon, goonahee. 
 
 Female, junanu. 
 
 Femoral, putda. 
 
 Fen, rohee. 
 
 Fence, wut war, 2 ola, uwara. 
 
 Enclosure. Guard, security. 
 
 Fence (to), wut bununnee, ola kurna. 
 
 To enclose. 
 
 Fenny, rohee de jumeen. 
 
 Feudal, ujare oote, leee hooee. 
 
 Feracious, phulwaree, wudee hooee hooee. 
 
 Ferment, phoolee hooee, jug phoolee hooee. 
 
 Fern, khubul dhamun. 
 
 Ferocious, khunda tikka. 
 
 Ferret, neol. 
 
 Ferruginous, lohe wurga. 
 
 Ferrule, sum, bund. 
 
 Ferry, puttun. 
 
 Ferryman, puttun wala. 
 
 Fertile, awadanee, sooraeen. 
 
 Fertilitate (to), jumeen chungee kurnee, suwarnee. 
 
 Fervent, trik ha, gurm, tej, tutta. 
 
 Festal, jug da, udumb nal. 
 
FES ( 114 ) FIF 
 
 Fester (to), chob janee, pak pjnee. 
 
 Festival, purb, muhoorut. 
 
 Festivity, kliooshee aiiundtaee. 
 
 Festoon, bar, mel. 
 
 Fetch (to), leounee. 
 
 Fetid, mooshqounda. 
 
 Fetter, zunjeeree, puiijeb, sungolee. 
 
 Fetter (to), zunjeer nal bununna, sungolee lounee. 
 
 Fettle (to), wyhum kurna. 
 
 Fetus, oomed waree, adbam boya boya, t bed boya boya. 
 
 Feud, j hugra, j hanj ba, roula. 
 
 Feudal, t hek he dee. 
 
 Fever, tap, kus, kunus, jihee. 
 
 FeveHsh. 
 
 Few, t bora thora. 
 
 Fuel, bulun walee lukree. 
 
 Fib (to), j booth mooth bolna. 
 
 Fibre, d baree. 
 
 Fickle, do chitta, lay6e lug. 
 
 Fickly, be t bik hana. 
 
 Fiction, kuhanee, kut ba, urt h. 
 
 Fictions, khotab. 
 
 Counterfeit. 
 
 Fiddle, sarunjee. 
 
 Fiddle-faddle, wyumee. 
 
 Fiddler, sarungee wala. 
 
 Fiddle-stick, sarungee da guj. 
 
 Fiddle-string, sarungee da tar. 
 
 Fidelity, jukeenee. 
 
 Fidget (to), nichul poona kurna, tulo muche bona. 
 
 Field, khet, pyree. 
 
 Fielded, kumpoo, mjdan, vich, luraee de vele. 
 
 Fieldpiece, top. 
 
 Fiend, shytan. 
 
 Fierce, khunda, trikka, t hikka. 
 
 Fiercely, k,hundaee nal. 
 
 Fiery, lutta, gurm, tej. 
 
 Fife, bounsree. 
 
 Fifer, bounsree wala. 
 
 Fifteen, pundrah. . 
 
 Fifty, punjah. 
 
FIG 
 
 ( 115 ) FIN 
 
 Fig, unjeer. 
 
 Fight, luraee hukama. 
 
 Fight (to), luraee kurnee, hukama kurna. 
 
 Figurative, urthcla. 
 
 Figure, luramur, 2 soorut shukhl. 
 
 Filch (to), chorouna. 
 
 File, retee. 
 
 File (to), retunna. 
 
 Filial, pootr wurga. 
 
 Filigree, dore dar. 
 
 Filings, choon. 
 
 Fill (to), bhur dena. 
 
 Fillip, chootkee nal, oodouna. 
 
 Filly, vusheree. 
 
 Film, jala, chichura, ch houur. 
 
 Filter, chanunee. 
 
 Filth, myl chekor. 
 
 Filthy, myla. 
 
 Filtration, chanunee. 
 
 Fin, muchhee de kunde. 
 
 Final, pichhulee. 
 
 Finance, malgiree. 
 
 Financier, tuhseeldar. 
 
 Find, (to) lub hna. 
 
 Fine (a), chuttee. 
 
 Fine, chungee sonee, 2 muheen, bareek. 
 
 Fine (to), chuttee, bhurnee. 
 
 Finedrawer, ruffoo kurna. 
 
 Finely, bareekee nal, muheen kurke. 
 
 Finer, saf kurun wala, manjun wala. 
 
 Finesse, chilitturee, chhulya. 
 
 Finger, oongulee. 
 
 Finical, chakoo, kachoo. 
 
 Nice. 
 Fining-pot, koot halee. 
 Finis, hohuttee, tumam. 
 Finish (to), kum hohutna, kar hohutnee. 
 Finite, wut bunee, hooee. 
 Finiteless, bina wut, unhudd da. 
 Finless, kundeean, thon bina. 
 Finny, kunde jihee. 
 
FIR ( 116 ) FLA 
 
 Fir, cheel. 
 
 Fire, ug. 
 
 Fire (to), jagna, bulna. 
 
 Firearms, budooq wurga, huthyar. 
 
 Firelock, budooq. 
 
 Firer, balun wala. 
 
 Firework, ust bajee. 
 
 Firm, mujboot, tukra. 
 
 Firmament, asman umber. 
 
 Firmly, tukraee nal, sukhtaee nal. 
 
 First, pyhla. 
 
 Firstborn, jetha pule, thee da. 
 
 Firstfruits, pyhla p hul. 
 
 Firstling, pule thee da jetha. 
 
 Fiscal, malgiree. 
 
 Fish, much hee. 
 
 Fisherman, machhee. 
 
 Fishhook, koondee. 
 
 Fissure, pukter jhatee tair. 
 
 Fist, mooth, mook,hee. 
 
 Fist (to), mookheean nal kootna. 
 
 Fisticuffs, mook,ho mookhee lurna. 
 
 Fit (fainting), ghush nal, turuphna. 
 
 Fit (proper), joga, laeq, wurga. 
 
 Fit (to suit), t heek da t heek bona. 
 
 Fitful, hoeean dee wao, choaya. 
 
 As wind. 
 
 Fitly, theek nal wurge. 
 
 Five-fold, punj goona. 
 
 Fix (to), louona, la rukhna. 
 
 Fixedly, luge hooe nal. 
 
 Flabby, lisa. 
 
 Flag, nishan, j hunda. 
 
 Flagellation, kootya hoya. 
 
 Flagitious, mugrooree, mujajee, uguree. 
 
 Flagrant, bulda, 2 mugroor ugur. 
 
 Flame, lat. 
 
 As of a candle. 
 
 Flaming, buldee jugdee. 
 
 Flamy, ug, jiha. 
 
 Flank, bugliul, pasa, turuf. 
 
FLA ( 117 ) FLI 
 
 Flap, sut. 
 
 Flap (to), sut marnee. 
 
 Flare (to), wudee lat. 
 
 Flash (to), lishkunna, j hulkunna. 
 
 Flashy (showy), sonee, soneree. 
 
 Flask, siiighra. 
 
 Flat, pudra, suwara. 
 
 Flat (a), kumla, baola. 
 
 Fool, dolt. 
 
 Flatwise, pudre pase, suware pase. 
 
 Flatten (to), pudra bunouna. 
 
 Flatter (to), pulosna, wudeeouna. [kum. 
 
 Flattery, pulosunda, khooshamudee, wudeeounda da 
 
 Flatulent, huwa, thed dee. 
 
 Flavor, swad. 
 
 Flavor (to), swad kurna, or bunouna. 
 
 Flavorous, swad da. 
 
 Flaw, ueb. 
 
 Flawy, uebee. 
 
 Flay (to), k hal kudhna. 
 
 Flea, pissoo. 
 
 Flea-bite, pissooan dee khad. 
 
 Fleam, mushtur loohoo dee. 
 
 Fledge (to), khumb oogne. 
 
 Fledged, k humb luge hooe. 
 
 Flee (to), bhuj jana, nus jana. 
 
 Fleece, b hed de oon. 
 
 Fleece (to), mal chorouna. 
 
 Steal. 
 
 Fleecy, oonjiha. 
 
 Fleet, chaitee shitabee. 
 
 Fleet (a), bereean da ukuthoree. 
 
 Fleeting, chaitee nal hojanda. 
 
 Flesh, mas. 
 
 Fleshy, mas jiha. 
 
 Flew, oodh gya. 
 
 Flexible, nurm, komul, les da. 
 
 Flexuous, ted ha tedha, ving tringa. 
 
 Flicker (to), pur marne, khumb phut kunne. 
 
 As the wings of a bird. 
 
 Flightly, wyhumee, luhuree. 
 Flimsy chidda, mara, virla. 
 
FLI ( 118 ) FOA 
 
 Flinch (to), tubkunna, tulo muchee hona. 
 
 Fling (to), sootna, marna. 
 
 Flint, put hur puthur, 2 j haroo sookhta. 
 
 Flint and steel. 
 
 Flippant, chalak choost, 2 shekhee. 
 Flit (to), k humb, phit karne. 
 
 Flutter. 
 
 Flitter, kupre dee leer, or dukra lota. 
 Float (to), tur jana, roor jana. 
 Flock, ijjur wuq, khunda, dar. 
 
 Of Sheep, Cows, Buffaloes, Deer or Birds. 
 
 Flock (to), dulee niurnee, bheer honee. 
 
 Flog (to), kootna, marnee. 
 
 Flogging, koot k hanee. 
 
 Flood, purlo. 
 
 Flood-mark, purlo dee nishanee. 
 
 Floor, tuklit bundee. 
 
 Floral, p hool anda. 
 
 Flounder (to), turup hna. 
 
 Flour, ata, my da. 
 
 Flourish (to), sooraeen hona. 
 
 Flow (to), wyh jana, bjh jana. 
 
 Flower, p hool. 
 
 Fluctuant, duko dole, eko jihe nuheen. 
 
 Wavering. Uncertain. 
 
 Fluctuate (to), t huhra na hona, wud g hut hona. 
 Fluency, chutree, bolee. 
 
 Of speech. 
 
 Fluent, chutra bol, 2 wugda byhda. 
 
 As water. 
 
 Fluid, wugun wurgee. 
 
 Flung, b hoake sitna. 
 
 Flurry (to), hurburouna, chum kunna. 
 
 Flash, taju tukra. 
 
 Flushed, tejee dee lalee. 
 
 Flute, bounsree. 
 
 Flute (to), pola kurna. 
 
 Flutter (to), turuphna tulo muchee hona. 
 
 Flux, dust luge hooee, b,hooknee lugee hooe. 
 
 Fly, mukhee. 
 
 Foal, V usher a. 
 
 Foal (to), vushera dena. 
 
FOA ( 119 ) FOP 
 
 Foam, j hug, boomba. 
 
 Of water, milk, &;c. 
 
 Foam (to), j hug lounee, boomba ouna. 
 Focus, tikkee. 
 
 A place where rays meet. 
 Fodder, putte, neere. 
 Foe, vyree, dooshmun, sutroo. 
 Fog, d hoond. 
 Foible, kusr. 
 Foil (to), jit lena. 
 Foist (to), chilittoo, nal kurnee. 
 
 To insert by forgery. 
 
 Fold (to), tyh vunounee. 
 
 Foliage, puttree put, soot. 
 
 Folk, lok. 
 
 Follow (to), pichhe pichhe ouna, mugron ouna. 
 
 Folly, kumul poona. 
 
 Foment (to), humayut suhayuta kurnee 2 tukor kurnee. 
 
 Encourage, aid, abet. To bathe. 
 
 Fond, pyar het sundeho. 
 
 Fondle (to), pyar kurna, het kurna. 
 
 Food, khana, pursad, rusoee. 
 
 Fool, kumla, baola. 
 
 Fool (to), thugouna, ghoosouna. 
 
 To cheat. To trick. 
 
 Foolery, kumul poona. 
 
 Fool-hardy, nidurdee, kumlaee. 
 
 Foolish, kumula nal. 
 
 Foot, pyr. 
 
 Foot-ball, t hedean khoodoo. 
 
 Foot-bridge, dundee da pool. 
 
 Foot-licker, pyran dee dhoor chutun wala. 
 
 Foot-pace, pyr o pyr j ana. 
 
 Foot-pad, pyr pyadu, thug. 
 
 Foot-path, churhee, dundee. 
 
 Foot-post, hulkara kasht. 
 
 Foot-soldier, tilunga pyadu. 
 
 Foot-step, pyr da khoj, pyr da nishanee. 
 
 Foot track. 
 
 Foot-stool, pyran da moorah, lutkhora. 
 Fop (a), mujajee, shokhee, uguree. 
 Foppish, shej^ wala, mujaj wala. 
 
FOR ( 120 ) FOR 
 
 Forage, rust khorak. 
 
 Forage (to), rust lubhee, rust toliiee. 
 
 Forasmuch, ise kurke, e dee leee. 
 
 Forbear (to), bundez kurna, sant kurnee. 
 
 Forbearance, bundez, dheeruj sant. 
 
 Forbid (to), mune kurna. 
 
 Forbidding, mune kurun wala, hutaroo. 
 
 Force, jorawuree, dhuke nal, jubur dustee. 
 
 Force (to), dhuke nal kurouna, bud o budee kurna. 
 
 Forceps, sunnee, oochha, chimta, sunsa. » 
 
 Used by Blacksmiths and Surgeons for fire. 
 
 Forcible, mujboot, tukra. 
 
 Forcibly, tukraee nal, jor nal. 
 
 Ford, puttun, guhun, hath. 
 
 Ford (to), puttun, lung jana. 
 
 Fordable, puttun jiha, shupree jihee. 
 
 Fore, uge, ugahan. 
 
 Fore-appoint (to), uge thurana. 
 
 Fore-bode (to), ugul vandee, dusna. 
 
 Fore-cited, ugon hee, ak h ya gya. 
 
 Foredesign (to), ugonolee, joogut kurnee. 
 
 Foredo (to), ugehoo kurna. 
 
 Foredoom (to), bidya kurna. 
 
 Foreend, ugle pas se. 
 
 Forefather, peo dada, dada, pur dada. 
 
 Forefend (to), rokna. 
 
 Forefinger, moodulee, ungulee. 
 
 Forefoot, oolang pootunee, oolang bhurnee. 
 
 Forefront, mutha mustook. 
 
 Forego (to), chhudna, chhud dena. 
 
 Foreground, ugle jumeen or bhoeen. 
 
 Forehand, uge hee, keeta hoya. 
 
 Forehead, mustook, mutha. 
 
 Foreigner, budes, purdes. 
 
 Forejudge (to), ugon hee, sumujh lenee. 
 
 Foreknow, ugon hee janna. 
 
 Foreknowledge, ugulvanee da kum. 
 
 Foreman, shagird, peshu mooharya. 
 
 Foremast, pjhla thum. 
 
 Forementioned, ugon hee, akhya gya. 
 
 Foremost, substhon. 
 
FOR ( 121 ) FOB 
 
 Forenotice, ugonolee, khubur kee tee. 
 
 Foreordain (to), ugonolee t liurhana. 
 
 Forepart, ugaree, mor lee wul. 
 
 Forepossessed, ugonolee, dakliil keeta hoy a. 
 
 Forerank, pyhlee suf. 
 
 Forereach (to), subnon t hon pyhla jana. 
 
 Forerun (to), ugan wudna. 
 
 Forerunner, ugul wandee, jane wala. 
 
 Foresay (to), ugon olee dusna. 
 
 Foresee (to), ugon olee vekhna. 
 
 Foreshorten (to), chhota kurna. 
 
 Foreshow (to), ugonolee wukhalna. 
 
 Foresight, ugonolee disdee, chutraee. 
 
 Foreskin, soonut da mas. 
 
 Foreskirt, ugaree dee dawun or sunjaf. 
 
 Forest, jungul jarh. 
 
 Forestall (to), ugulvandee kurna. 
 
 Forester, jangulee, jarhee. 
 
 Foretaste, nunoonu, ugon hee chutna. 
 
 Foretel (to), ugul vandee dusna. 
 
 Forethink (to), ugonolee sochna. 
 
 Foreward, samhna, ugareeda. 
 
 Forewarn (to), chita dena, dus dena, khubur kur denee. 
 
 Forewish (to), ugonolee chahna. 
 
 Forefeit (to), ugle goonah, nal guwaj janee. 
 
 Forefend, hut kunna, munu kurna, wurujna. 
 
 Forge, uhrun alee. 
 
 Forge (to), uhrun alee vich, ghurna. 
 
 Forged, uhrun alee, nal bunaya hoya, 2 kbotah hoya. 
 
 Forgery, khote keeta hoya. 
 
 Forget (to), bhoolna, vusarna. 
 
 Forgetful, ghafilee, vusaroo, 
 
 Foregotten, visurya hoya, b hoolya hoya. 
 
 Forlorn, chhud ditta hoya, be asee. 
 
 Form, soorut, shukbl, moorut. 
 
 Form (to), bunouna, moorut bunounee. 
 
 Formal, chinta nal, ghum nal. 
 
 Formally, dustoor nal, turuh nal. 
 
 Formation, bunawut nuql. 
 
 Former (maker), kurun wala, bunoun wala. 
 
 Former (preceding), ugla. 
 
 R 
 
FOR ( 122 ) FOU 
 
 Formerly, ugle hee, pyhlee dinee. 
 Formidable, houl nak b hy or ghum nal. 
 Formless, be kutta be doul. 
 Formula, dustoor nal. 
 
 Prescribed. 
 
 Fornicate (to), jina kurna, sung kurna. 
 
 Fornicator, jina or sung kurun vvala. 
 
 Forsake (to), chhudna. 
 
 Forsooth, juroor, jurooran. 
 
 Forswear (to), jhoot hee soun k hanee. 
 
 Fort, qillu. 
 
 Forthcoming, tyar, oundee. 
 
 Forthissuing, nikulda. 
 
 Forthwith, toort, toortee, putoortee. 
 
 Fortification, ola jiha, liwa uwara jiha. 
 
 Fortify (to), qillu bunouna, gurh kurnee. 
 
 Fortitude, dileree muj bootee, hatha. 
 
 Fortnight, puk. 
 
 Fortress, qillee, gurhee. 
 
 Fortuitous, itnee cheer vich, sunjoh nal. 
 
 Fortunate, qismuttee, b hag wala. 
 
 Fortune, qismut, lekh bhag. 
 
 Fortune-hunter, dhun dhoone wala, tumu khora. 
 
 Fortune-teller, lekh dusun wala. 
 
 Forty, chalee. 
 
 Four, char. 
 
 Forward, tyar. 
 
 Forward (to), chetee kurnee. 
 
 Forwards, uge hee. 
 
 Forwardness, tyaree, 2 trik hee. 
 
 Forgive (to), khimma, chimma, mooaf, kurna. 
 
 Foss, khaee. 
 
 Fossil, puthur jiha. 
 
 Foster (to), palna. 
 
 Fosterage, palya hoya. 
 
 Foster-child, paluk. 
 
 Foster-nurse, dyee, tylun, khudawee. 
 
 Fostered, palya hoya. 
 
 Foul, myla, chikor jiha. 
 
 Foul (to), limbna, luverna, myla kurna. 
 
 Foulmouthed, myl khora, budjubanee. 
 
FOU ( 123 ) FRA 
 
 Found (to), osarna, moonyad bununee, nee dhurnee. 
 
 Foundation, nee moonyad, mood. 
 
 Founder (to), na bona, be basil bona. 
 
 Foundery, dbaloo gurb. 
 
 Foundling, mibitr, picbloree da. 
 
 Fountain, lusoora, cbusbmu soma wanee. 
 
 Fourfold, cbougoona. 
 
 Fourfooted, cbepouwur, cbokhora. 
 
 Fourscore, cbar beeba, ussee. 
 
 Fourteen, cboudab. 
 
 Fourwbeeled, cbouon pyeean wala. 
 
 Fowl, kookoor. 
 
 Fowler, cbireemar pbandee. 
 
 Fowling, pbundee da kum. 
 
 Fowling-piece, budooq. 
 
 Fox, loomree. 
 
 Fraction, torya boya, 2 rutee rutee. 
 
 Fractional, rutee jiba. 
 
 Fractious, ureea ureek bora. 
 
 Fracture, buddee tootee booee. 
 
 Fragile, tootun wala, b hujun wala, kucb jiba. 
 
 Fragment, tookra, dukra, bissu. 
 
 Fragrance, khoosh boee, moosb kunee. 
 
 Frail, visirun jiba. 
 
 Frame, rukhna, takyan, baryan. 
 
 Frame (to), rukbne men louna, 2 bunouna. 
 
 Francbise (to), cbhud dena, buta dena. 
 
 Frangible, tootun wala or jiba. 
 
 Frank, sucbya, 2 ditta. 
 
 Open. Generous. 
 
 Frank (to), mobur cbbap lounee. 
 Frankincense, moosbkunee, kboosb bo dar. 
 Frankness, sucbyaree be cbilittoor. 
 Frantic, baola, duwanu. 
 Fraternal, bbao vurga or jiba. 
 Fraternity, bbaee cbaree. 
 Fraticide, bbao buttee, b baee mar. 
 Fraud, dugba, cbhul cbiddur, cbilittoor. 
 Fraudulently, dug he nal, cbilittoor nal. 
 Fraugbt, pund laee booee. 
 Fray, roula, j bugra, j banj.ba. 
 
FRE ( 124 ) FRI 
 
 Freak, wyhum mouj, luhr. 
 
 Freckle, pit. 
 
 Freckled, pit nikulee hooee. 
 
 Free (to), ch,hud dena. 
 
 Freebooter, dharawee, mar khora. 
 
 Freeborn, sookhaldajunum,buklitawaree da jumyahoya. 
 
 Freedman, ghoolam poone, vichon ch hudya hoya. 
 
 Freedom, bukbtawuree, oojaguree. 
 
 Freehearted, sakbee, uhsanee, ditta. 
 
 Freehold, jur khureed. 
 
 Freely, khooshee nal. 
 
 Freeman, bukhtawur. 
 
 Freespoken, ushanwund nidur. 
 
 Freethinker, be deen, apa punthee. 
 
 Freewill, upnee khooshee nal or oodum nal. 
 
 Freeze (to), chichuree ho jana. 
 
 Freight, beree da b har. 
 
 Freight (to), beree oote b bar ludna. 
 
 Frenetic, baola, duwanu jiha. 
 
 Frenzy, dewan poona, baol poona, kumul poona. 
 
 Frequent, uksur buhoata, uksur jana, juroor jana. 
 
 To frequent. 
 
 Frequented, uksur aye hooe, or lunge hooe. 
 Frequently, uksur. 
 Fresh, taju, nuwa, sujura. 
 
 New. Not stale. 
 
 Freshen (to), taju kurna. 
 Freshness, tajugee. 
 
 Fresh-water, mitha panee, useel panee, 2 kutcha. 
 
 Raw. 
 
 Fret (to), humsos nal, dilgeeree nal. 
 
 To be uneasy. 
 
 Friday, sookurwar. 
 
 Friend, hitkaree murjee wala. 
 
 Friendless, be hitkaree ukula hee. 
 
 Friendly, uhsan nal, hitkaree nal. 
 
 Friendship, hit, pyar. 
 
 Fright, dur, thyf houl. 
 
 Frightful, houl da, b hy da, ghum da. 
 
 Frigid, thunda surd. 
 
 Frigidly thund nal, surd nal. 
 
 Fringe, j halur. 
 
FRI ( 125 ) FUE 
 
 Frisk (to), bhoor kunna, koodunna. 
 
 Frisky, b hoor kun wala. 
 
 Fritter (to), dukre dukre kurne, rutee rutee kurna. 
 
 Frivolous, koochh ne. 
 
 Frivolously, soostee nal. 
 
 Idly. 
 
 Frizzle (to) luput luput jaiiee. 
 Fro, pichhon, mugron. 
 Frock, koortee. 
 Frog, dudoo, dud. 
 Frolic, khel, wyhum. 
 
 A whim. 
 
 From, se, te, t hon. 
 
 From-wards, pichhon te, t hon. 
 
 Front, uge, amo, samhne. 
 
 Front (to), amo samhne hona, moot bhera. 
 
 Frontier, hudd wut, bunna, kunda. 
 
 Frontispiece, mood, tut kura. 
 
 Frost, pala, t hund. 
 
 Frost-bitten, wurf da marya hoya. 
 
 Frosty, pala jiha. 
 
 Froth, jug. 
 
 Frousy, beha, mooshkya hoya, ubusya hoya. 
 
 Fro ward, ureea, trikhee. 
 
 Frown (to), wutna, ghoor ukna, teeoree pounee. 
 
 Frozen, chichuree hoya hoya. 
 
 Fructification, phul luga hoya, p.hul pea hoya. 
 
 Fructify (to), phul wala kurna. 
 
 Frugal, joogutee, sumb haloo. 
 
 Frugally, joogut nal. 
 
 Fruit, phul 
 
 Fruit-bearing, p.hul lugun wala. 
 
 Fruiterer, phul bechoo, kuroonjura araee. 
 
 Fruitful, phul dee. 
 
 Fruitless, be p.hul, oojurya hoya, k husee. 
 
 Fruit-tree, phul da rookh. 
 
 Frustrate (to), be asa kurna, dilgeer kurna. 
 
 Frustrate, nikumee, be hasilee. 
 
 Fry (to), b hoonna. 
 
 Fryingpan, kurahee, bhut eeala, b hut. 
 
 Fuddled (to be), umulee hojana. 
 
 Fuel, bulun wale lukree. 
 
FUG ( 126 ) FUR 
 
 Fugitive (a), bhujun wala, nusun wala. 
 Fugitive, p hirtoo, oodasee, rumta. 
 
 Wanderer. 
 
 Fulfil (to), ho jana, sour jana, kur lena. 
 
 Fulgent, lishkda chumkuda. 
 
 Full, b huree hooee, pooree hooee. 
 
 Full-blown, p hoolya hoya. 
 
 Full-eared, sitte luge hooe. 
 
 Fuller, tanne wala. 
 
 Fuller's earth, chittee mittee. 
 
 Full-laden, bhuree hooee, ludee hooee. 
 
 Fully, poora hee. 
 
 Fulminate (to), gujna, goorukhna. 
 
 Fulsome, kusees jiha, dil hutya h5ya. 
 
 Fumble (to), jil poona kurna. 
 
 Fumblingly, jil poone nal. 
 
 Fume (to), dhooan nikulna, huwar nikulnee. 
 
 Fumigate (to), khoosh bo kundounee. 
 
 Fumingly, hurukh nal, ghoosse nal. 
 
 Function, kum. 
 
 Fund, poonjee, jukheera. 
 
 Fundament, chitoor. 
 
 Fundamental, usul dee. 
 
 Funeral, nupne da kum, dubne da uhwal. 
 
 Fungous, toomba, k hugga, ogeela, goond, kapa. 
 
 Funnel, chanunee, 
 
 Funny, nuql, mukoul. 
 
 Fur, looee, jut, pushm. 
 
 Furbelow, looee da j halur. 
 
 Furbish (to), g hotna. 
 
 Furious, khundee, trikkee. 
 
 Furl (to), wuletunna. 
 
 Furlough, ruja, choottee. 
 
 Furnace, taowalee jugeh, b hut hee. 
 
 Furnish (to), suwarna, bunouna, tyar kurna. 
 
 Furniture, usbab wulewu, cheez bust, niksook. 
 
 Furrier, oongur, jutgur, looeengur. 
 
 Furrow, k haee, khoorlee ad, k.horul. 
 
 Drain, a long trench, or trough. For horses. 
 
 Furry, looeen or jut juree hooee. 
 Further, odon uge ugahan. 
 Furtherance, humayut, suhayut. 
 
FUR ( 127 ) GAL 
 
 Furthermore, es tlion, sugon. 
 
 Furthermost, subst hon, door. 
 
 Furtive, chooraya hoya, looqaya hoya, lub hya hoya. 
 
 Fury, ghoosu, huruk h, krodh. 
 
 Furze, more kundeean wale, soolan khindeean hooeean. 
 
 Furze-bush, soolan or kundeean wala, rookh. 
 
 Fuse (to), gulna, dhalna. 
 
 Fuzee, houlee da budooq. 
 
 Light small musket. 
 
 Fusible, galun wala, dhalun wala. 
 
 Fusileer, houlee budooq ruk hne wala. 
 
 Fusion, gulya hoya, dhulya hoya. 
 
 Fustiness, obusya hoya, beha. 
 
 Futile, nikuma, nikara. 
 
 Future, ouneda, uedoon age. 
 
 Futurity, oune da, uglee bat. 
 
 Fuzz (to), ghusjana, pat jana, rutee rutee hona. 
 
 To run into small particles. 
 
 Fy, hae, hae. 
 
 G. 
 
 Gabble (to), bookwa kurna. 
 Gabbler, bookwa, bukar. 
 Gad (to), p hirna b houna. 
 Gadder, phirun wala, p hirtoo. 
 Gadfly, b,houree, mukhee. 
 Gag, booja. 
 
 Gag (to), booja gutta dena. 
 Gage (to), minhna, harna. 
 
 To measure cloth. To measure weight. 
 
 Gain, lub h, lab h. 
 
 Gain (to), huthouna, pydaish hona. 
 
 Gainsay (to), mooqur pyna, jid kurnee. 
 
 To deny. To oppose. 
 
 Gainsayer, vjree, dooshmun, mooquroo. 
 
 Gait, tor, chal. 
 
 Gale, undheree unneree. 
 
 Gall, krod h hurukh, 2 laga. 
 
 Rancor. Great anger. A sore from chafing. 
 
 Gallant, yar, ashuq. 
 
 Gallant, juwan murdee, dileree hut,h. 
 
GAL • ( 128 ) GAV 
 
 Galled, laga, luga, hoya. 
 
 As a horse's back. 
 
 Gallery, choobara, sufeel, furs. 
 
 A balcony. 
 
 Gallop (to), por pounee. 
 
 As a horse. 
 
 Galloway, goot. 
 
 Gallows, chougat. 
 
 Gambler, jooareea. 
 
 Gambol (to), b hoorukna, koodunna. 
 
 Game, k hel tumashee. 
 
 Game (to), jooa khelna. 
 
 Game-cock, useel kookoor. 
 
 Gamester, jooareea jooebaj, jooe de k hed. 
 
 Gaming. 
 
 Gander, rajhims. 
 
 Gang, bhyal, sanj bee. 
 
 Gaol, bundee kbanu. 
 
 Gaoler, bundee k,bane da darogliu. 
 
 Gap (a), gulee. 
 
 Gape (to), ubasee lenee. 
 
 Garb, kupra, leera, poshak. 
 
 Garden, bagh, bagheechu. 
 
 Gardener, baghwan malee. 
 
 Garden-stuff, bagheechu da vulewa. 
 
 Gargle (to), gurla lena, choolee koorla chola. 
 
 Garland, bar. 
 
 Garlick, luhsun. 
 
 Garment, kupra, leera. 
 
 Garner, dana da kotha, khata. 
 
 Garnet, peera puthur. 
 
 Garnish (to), suwarna, bunouna. 
 
 Garret, sik hurla, oopur la choobara. 
 
 Garrison, qille vicli chhaonee pounee. 
 
 Garrison (to), qillu qaem kurna, akee kurna. 
 
 Garrulity, bukwaee, burbolaee. 
 
 Gash, soot lugee, karee lugee hooee. 
 
 Gash (to), hounkna, ghur kunna. 
 
 Gate, durwaju, deodee. 
 
 Gather (to) lorna chhonna. 
 
 Gaudily, soonape nal, soj nal. 
 
 Gave, ditta hoya. 
 
GAU ( 129 ) GHO 
 
 Gaunt, lisa mara. 
 
 Gaily, kliooshee, sookbee, anund nal. 
 
 Gaze (to), tukna j hakna. 
 
 Gear, vulewa niksook. 
 
 Geld (to), khusee kurna, andan kudhnee. 
 
 Gelder, khusee kurunwala, andan kud hune wala. 
 
 Gelding, k husee. 
 
 Gem, toomba. 
 
 Gemini, jourean da nushutr, sanj ha nushutr. 
 
 The constellation of. 
 
 Gender, murdana, junanu. 
 
 Male. Female. 
 
 Genealogy, wudean da verwar. 
 
 General, uksur. 
 
 General, jurnel (corruption of General). 
 
 Generalissimo, substhon sire sirdar. 
 
 Generality, uksur da. 
 
 Generally, uksur. 
 
 Generosity, data, sukhee jiha. 
 
 Generously, ditta poone nal, sukiee poone nal. 
 
 Genial, tubeeyut or ruhut jiha. 
 
 Genius, uqlya uqlwund. 
 
 Genteel, uhsanwund. 
 
 Gentility, uhsanwunda. 
 
 Gentle, ghureeb, unat h, useel. 
 
 Gentleman, wuda admee. 
 
 Gentleness, gLureebee, unathee. 
 
 Gently, nurmaee or dheeruj nal, svhuj nal. 
 
 Gentry, ooche lok, sirdar lok. 
 
 Genuflection, ghodeean oote byna or bjthna. 
 
 Genuine, useel, usl da. 
 
 Geography, jumeen da lik haree. 
 
 Geology, jumeen da verwar. [neean 
 
 Germinate (to), sooe nikulne wulan or luguran nikul- 
 
 Gestation, oomedvvaree udhan. 
 
 Gesticulate (to), moonh hulouna, churhouna. 
 
 Gesture, moonh hilun nal, churhou nal. 
 
 Get (to), paona, lub,hna, hut houna. 
 
 Gewgaw, khundoune khelne. [durya hoya. 
 
 Ghastliness, oodurya hoya, 2 soofedee wurtee hoee. 
 
 Paleness. 
 
 Ghost;, pret, bhoot, bhootna. 
 
GIA ( 130 ) GLE 
 
 Giant (a), lum guja, lum tangool. 
 
 Gibber (to), goon goon kurna, boor boot kurna. 
 
 Gibberish, goon goona, boorboora. 
 
 Gibbet, chougat. 
 
 Gibe (to), tanee dena, mehna dena. 
 
 Giddily, ghafilee nal, kumul poone nal. 
 
 Gift, inam, buksees. 
 
 Gifted (talented), uqlwund. 
 
 Endowed. 
 
 Gigantic, lumguja jiha, lum tangool jiba. 
 
 Giggle (to), husna. 
 
 Gild, sone dee j hal phirnee. 
 
 Gilder, sone dee j hal kusun wala. 
 
 Gimlet, vurma. 
 
 Gimerack, khudouna. 
 
 Ginger, udkor, ada, soond. 
 
 Green Ginger. Dry. 
 
 Gingerly (carefully), tukraee nal, sumb hul, sumbhulke. 
 Gingle (to), chunkunna wuj hna. 
 Gipsy, mungta punda, hurpopo, roul. 
 
 A beggar. A pretended fortune-teller. 
 
 Girdle (a), petee, putka. 
 
 Girl, lurkee, kooree, kunya, chokree. 
 
 Girt (to), tung kusna, kotul kus pounee. 
 
 Girth, tung, kotul kus. 
 
 Give (to), dena. 
 
 Giver, dene wala, dittar. 
 
 Glacis (of a fort), trich hee dhaloo, dum duma. 
 
 Glad, khooshee, sookliee, nund, rajee. 
 
 Gladiator, tulwar pherun wala, bholuthe baj. 
 
 Gladly, khooshee nal, sooj^h nal, anund kurke. 
 
 Glance (to), b houn janee. 
 
 Glanders, koonar, (disease of horses.) 
 
 Glare (to), bhukloune, chum kara pyna. 
 
 Glass, sheesee kuchh. 
 
 Glass-grinder, busuntee, choorguree. 
 
 Glaze (to), sheesa louna. 
 
 Glazier, sheesa loune wala or jurun wala. 
 
 Gleam (to), chil kunna, chum kunna. 
 
 Glean (to), sila choogna, sitte choogn6. 
 
 Gleaner, sila or sitte chogun wala. 
 
 Glee, khooshee, sookhee, anund. 
 
GLE ( 131 ) GOB 
 
 Gleet, dhant. 
 
 Glen, dundee hara. 
 
 Glib, pudra saf, 2 shitabee, chetee nal. 
 
 Smooth Quick. Ready. 
 
 Glide (to), svje sjje wugna. 
 
 Glimmer (to), iiima nima, chanun j houla. 
 
 Glimpse, chimut kara, j haka, j houla. 
 
 Glisten (to), chum kunna, j hum kunna. 
 
 Glitter (to), lish kunna j hul kunna, dul kunna. 
 
 Globe, golmol. 
 
 Globular, golmol jiha. 
 
 Gloom, undhera, gobaree. 
 
 Gloomy, und.hera, gobar jiha. 
 
 Glorify (to), jus or goon gouna. 
 
 Glorious, mushahoor, oojagur, oomda. 
 
 Glory, jus, hoormut, ijjut, put. 
 
 Gloss, lishk, j huluk. 
 
 Glossary, urth tutkara punna. 
 
 Glossy, lishk or jhuluk jiha. 
 
 Glove, dustanu. 
 
 Glow (to), jugna, bulna, muchna. [ounna. 
 
 Glowing, lishk dee, j hulukee 2 gurmee ounee moorka- 
 
 Brightness. Heat, warmth. 
 
 Glue (to), sooresh lounee. 
 
 Glum, odurya hoya, dilgeer hoya hoya. 
 
 Glut (to), hurba kurna, kujah bona, asa hoora bona. 
 
 Glutinous, sooresh jihee. 
 
 Glutton, kujah, khan khora, be thyur. 
 
 Gnash (to), dund peene. 
 
 Gnat (a), much bur, gootee, eeanee. 
 
 Gnaw (to), chubunee, j hurulnee. 
 
 Gnomon, qillee, punja. 
 
 Go (to), toorjana, toor p?na. 
 
 Goad, pooranee pooran, kotra. 
 
 For Oxen. For Horses. 
 
 Goal, nishanee 2 bundee khanu. 
 
 Starting post. 
 
 Goat, bukree. 
 
 Goatherd, bukree anda jaleee. 
 
 Gobble (to), buchake marne, khoun k.houn kurna. 
 
 Goblet (a), koul channa, kutora, shurda. 
 
 Goblin, bjioot, bhootna pret. 
 
GOD ( 132 ) GRA 
 
 God, b hugwan, purmesliwur, kurun karun nurunha. 
 
 Goddess, deotee, dewee. 
 
 Godliness, dhurmhee. 
 
 Godly, dhurm atumee. [dekhna. 
 
 Goggle (to), tedha dekhna, vinga dekhna, kumkee se 
 
 Going, janda, toorya janda. 
 
 Gold, sona, sone da. 
 
 Golden. 
 
 Gold-bound, sone nal chituree hooee. 
 Gold-laced, sone nal, juree hooee. 
 Goldsmith, soneeara. 
 
 Gonorrhoea, sajak, d,hant, bad, bad furung. 
 Good, chunga laeq da joga. 
 Goodnature, nurm mijaj kurke. 
 Goodness, nekee bhuleaee, ruseelee. 
 Goods, nik sook, wulewu, cheez wust. 
 Goose, raj hunsnee 2 istree ghotah. 
 
 A tailor's goose. 
 
 Gore (clotted blood), chichure hoya hoya. 
 Gore (to), singh marna, 2 dhood marnee. 
 Gorge (to), lungouna nigulna. 
 Gorgeous, sonee, sujee, unoop. 
 Gormandize (to), buhoota k hana. 
 Gorse, khunde, chhape. 
 Gossamer, kane dee tar. 
 Gossip, pochoo poocho, nika galuree. 
 
 Tattler. 
 
 Got, lubha hoya, milya hoya. 
 
 Govern (to), hookm kurna, hukoomut kurnee. 
 
 Government, hukoomut. 
 
 Governor, hakim. 
 
 Gown, ghugra, lenga, rungee, tengunee. 
 
 Grace, mihrwangee dya, mihr. 
 
 Grace (to), mihrwangee dya, mihr kurnee, 2 suwarna. 
 
 Graceful, sonee, roopwuntee. 
 
 Graceless, koo sonee, koo roop. 
 
 Gracious, dya wunt, 2 ihsanwund. 
 
 Graciously, dya kurke, ihsan kurke. 
 
 Gradation, durja, qaeda, wujm. 
 
 Gradual, syhje syhje, houle iioule, undol, umantee. 
 
 Graft (to), peondee kurna. 
 
 Grafter, peond churhoun wala. 
 
GRA ( 133 ) GRA 
 
 Grain, dana- 
 
 Grammar, qaeda, verwa. 
 
 Grammatical, qaeda jiha. 
 
 Granary, koothree, bukharee, khata, khota. 
 
 Grand, buhoot oomda, buhoot sona. 
 
 Grandchild, potra. 
 
 Granddaughter, potree. 
 
 Grandee, oomdu sirdar. 
 
 Grandeur, sona sona, chunga chunja. 
 
 Grandfather, dad a, nana. 
 
 Paternal. Maternal. 
 
 Grandmother, dadee, nanee. 
 
 Paternal. Maternal. 
 
 Grandsire, bab dada, 2 wudeean boodeean. 
 
 Ancestors. 
 
 Grandson, potra, pota. 
 
 Granivorous, dane khora, mooratibe khane wala. 
 
 Grant (to), dena, de dena. 
 
 Grant, dittee hooee. 
 
 Grantee, inamee buklisees khane wala. 
 
 Granulate (to), danu danu hojana. 
 
 Grape, ungoor. 
 
 Grapeshot, patwan gola. 
 
 Grapple (to), phur lena, jhinjorna, gooch mugooch hona. 
 
 Grasp, mooth meetunee, hut,h ghootunna. 
 
 Grasp (to), phurna, ghot ke phurna. 
 
 Grass, g hah. 
 
 Grasshopper, tiddee ghah da ted. 
 
 Grate (to), ghotna. 
 
 To rub small. 
 
 Grateful, shookur kurda, anund goojar da. 
 
 Gratify (to), khoosh kurna, anund kurna. 
 
 Grating, rugurda, ghot da. 
 
 Gratis, mokht mookhtee. 
 
 Gratitude, shookr goojar da. 
 
 Gratuitous, mookhtee. 
 
 Gratuity, inam mookhtee. 
 
 Gratulate (to), khooshee kurnee, anund kurna. 
 
 Gratulation, wudaee denee, bidaee denee. 
 
 Grave, qubr, qubr da toa. 
 
 Grave, unhusna, choop keeta, be hus. 
 
 Grave, serious. 
 
GRA ( 134 ) GRI 
 
 Grave-clothes, kup,hun, t5sa. 
 
 Gravel, kyiikur, ror. 
 
 Graveless, uiiup, be qubr. 
 
 Graver, nawe or hurf chitun wala, chit hera. 
 
 Graviditv, bhara, wuda hee, 2 oomedwaree udham. 
 
 Pregnant. 
 
 Gravitate (to), tolna, jokhna. 
 
 Weigh. 
 
 Gray or grey, soofyd koolla, nookra, 2 d,houle oune. 
 
 As a horse. The hair to become gray. 
 
 Gravy, rus, usoor. 
 
 Gray-beard, d houle, darhee, boodha. 
 
 Graze (to), choogna, chog chognee. 
 
 Grazier, choogoun wala, cherhun wala. 
 
 Grazing, choogda, chog, choog da churda. 
 
 Grease, churbee, mota mas. 
 
 Grease (to), churbee lounee, mota mas louna. 
 
 Greasy, churbee jihee, mote mas vurga. 
 
 Great, wuda, 2 ooomed waree. 
 
 Pregnant. 
 
 Great-bellied, gogur. 
 
 Greatness, wuda hee, 2 buk htawuree. 
 
 Grandeur. 
 
 Greedily, kujah, or khan khora kurke. 
 
 Greedy, kujah, khan khora. 
 
 Green (fresh), hurya, subz, 2 geelee, silee. 
 
 As a tree. Raw, fresh. 
 
 Green (as a color), hurya, rung, subz, rung. 
 
 Green wood, geelee or silee lukree. [milna. 
 
 Greet (to), j up hee pake, milna, gul lugna, chhate nal 
 
 Greeting, jupheean pounde, gul lugde. 
 
 Gregarious, her, joondee, dar wug. 
 
 Herds of deer. Flocks of birds or cows. 
 
 Grenadier, lumma juwan. 
 
 Grief, sog, humsos, huruk h, odurya hoya. 
 
 Grieve (to), sog or humsos kurna. 
 
 Grievously, oukur nal, sog kurke. 
 
 Grig, hus mookh, klioosh dila, rounkee. 
 
 Grim, koo sona, koo roop, houla jiha. 
 
 Grimace, moonh churhouna, moonh vinga kurna. 
 
 Grime, myl nal, bhurya chikor. 
 
 Grimness, houlgee dur dee. 
 
 Grin (to), boolan, vich husna. 
 
GRI ( 135 ) GRU 
 
 Grind (to), peenee, peesna, 2 san churhounee. 
 
 Grinder, peeun walee, peesun walee, 2 sanchurhoiine wala. 
 
 Grindstone, opnee, sau. [nikulnee. 
 
 Gripe (to), phurna, 2 sool hona, muror oothna, hook 
 
 Gripes, miirore sool oune, veetar hona. 
 
 Griper, phurun wala, 2 mitee k haoo, be ajureea. 
 
 Usurer. 
 
 Gripingly, sool kurke, hook kurke, veelar kurke. 
 
 Grist, peeunleee or waste. 
 
 Gristle, huddee jihee, sunkhee. 
 
 Gritty, kiruk jihee, kynkur jiha. 
 
 Grizzle, soofyd koolla. 
 
 Groan (to), hou ke lenee, hoongna. 
 
 Groin, chudde,kale wal. 
 
 Groom, tyleea, tyl wala gyh. 
 
 From tuhul wala, 
 
 Groove, leehee. 
 
 Grope (to), tolma, tolna. 
 
 Gross, mota jiha, 2 kumla, be uql. 
 
 Fat, bulky. Stupid. 
 
 Grotto, gopha khud, surd khanu. 
 
 A cavern. 
 
 Grotesque, uchumba, uchuruj da, ulokar da. 
 
 Grove, bagh j hungee. 
 
 Grovel, mittee nal, liburna. 
 
 Ground, bhoeen, jumeen, prithee, dhurtee. [poune. 
 
 Ground (to), bhoeen oote, dhurna jumeen oote, lumbee 
 
 As arms. 
 
 Groundless, be subub, j hootha jiha. 
 Ground-rent, jumeen da bhara 
 Ground-room, het hla undur, pyhlee shut 
 Ground-work, nee moonyad. 
 
 Foundation. 
 
 Group, bheer, dulee murnee, ukuth. 
 Grout, lag, myl, garhee, rub do or. 
 
 Dregs. 
 
 Grow (to), oogna, wudunna. 
 
 As a tree. As a child. 
 
 Growl (to), ghoor kunna, ghoorkoo. 
 
 Growler. 
 
 Growth, wudya hoy a, oogya hoy a. 
 Grub (to), pootunna, poot ke gurouna. 
 
 To dig up. 
 
GRU ( 136 ) GUN 
 
 Grub (a), b hoond. 
 
 Grudge (to), hirs kurnee, rees kurnee. 
 
 Gruff, k hururree jihee. 
 
 Gruffness, khurruraee. 
 
 Grumble (to), boor boor kurna, vis vis kurna. 
 
 Grunt (to), g hoorukna. 
 
 As a pig. 
 
 Guarantee, jamin dene wala. 
 
 Guard (a), rakhee kurun wala. 
 
 Guardian, rakhan wala. 
 
 Guardless, be ola, be uwara. 
 
 Guess, utkul, sumj h, booj,harut vichar. 
 
 Guess (to), utkulna, sumj hna, booj hunna, vicharna. 
 
 Guest, praone, muj mau. 
 
 Guest-chamber, praone wala, kotha. 
 
 Guidance, sulah, muthnee. 
 
 Guide, sooa. 
 
 Guide (to), rah daree da kum kurna. 
 
 Guideless, be sooa, unjan. 
 
 Guile, ch hul dug ha, chiluttoor. 
 
 Guileless, be chhul, unchhul. 
 
 Guilt, tuqseer goonah, p her. 
 
 Guiltily, tuqseer kurke, p her p her ya kurke. 
 
 Guilty, tuqseer wund. 
 
 Guise, dustoor ban, 2 kupra leera poshak. 
 
 Gulph, toa, 2 ghoomun gheree, doom. 
 
 Whirlpool. 
 
 Gull (a), thugoun wala, 2 baola. 
 
 A cheat. One easily cheated. 
 
 Gullet, sungee gul, ghundee, shahrug sung. 
 
 Gully-hole, mohree, gullee. 
 
 Gulp (to), chetee nal, lungouna, hool kutte lenee. 
 
 Gulp, ghot. 
 
 Gum (resin), goond. 
 
 Gums, dundan da peer. 
 
 Gun, budooq. 
 
 Gunner, golundaj, top khane wala. 
 
 Gunpowder, daroo, baroot. 
 
 Gunshot, golee da, churee da roranda. 
 
 Gunsmith, budooq gur, top gur, mistree. 
 
 Gunstock, dumoosa. 
 
GUS ( 137 ) HAL 
 
 Gush (to), ghurul, roroo, trikka, wugna. 
 
 As of water. 
 
 Gust, boolla hoa, j hola, kalee wao. 
 
 Gus (to), swad da, rus da mit,h. 
 
 Gusty, wao jihee. 
 
 Gut, ojuree andara. 
 
 Gutler, khan khora, k horakoo. 
 
 Gutter, ad, k halee, wynee. 
 
 H. 
 
 Haberdasher, bujjaz, kuprean wala. 
 
 Habiliment, kupra leera, poshak. 
 
 Habit, dustoor, ban, wadee. 
 
 Habitable, ruhun wala. 
 
 Habitant, ruhne wala, wusun wala. 
 
 Habitation, thikhana mukan. 
 
 Habitual, ban da, wadee wala. 
 
 Habitually, ban or wadee kurke. 
 
 Habituate (to), wadee kurnee, ban kurnee. 
 
 Hack (to cut), wudna, tuk marne. 
 
 Hack, humeshu walee, kechur k horee, wurtan wala. 
 
 Haft, dustu wyhan hut ha. 
 
 Haggard, koosonee. 
 
 Haggle (to), b hao chookouna, ut ha han, ootahan kurna. 
 
 Haggler, uthahan ootahun kurne wala, morgjier kurne 
 
 wala. 
 Hail (to), gule or put hur pynee, gule marhonee. 
 Hailstone, gule, put hur, p hit moohee. 
 Hair, wal, kes, j hund. 
 Hair-brained, kumula, be khyal, unkhyal. 
 Hair-breadth, waldee vit h. 
 Hairiness, walan wala, chutre wurga. 
 Hairless, bina wal, roda, k hoda. 
 
 Bald. 
 
 Halbard, tubur. 
 
 Hale, nuroa, tukra. 
 
 Hale (to), waj marnee, chang marnee. 
 
 To call to. 
 
 Half, udha. 
 Half-bred, dug misr. 
 
HAL ( 138 ) HAN 
 
 Half-faced, moonh da ek pasa. pioya, rubdoor. 
 
 Half-strained, udha chanya or poonya hova, gungrea 
 
 Turbid. 
 
 Halfway, udha rah, udh, beech. 
 
 Halfwit, baola wyshee. 
 
 Hall, dalan, soofa. 
 
 Halloo (to), hakur marnee, hak marnee. 
 
 Hallow (to), nao dhurna. 
 
 Hallucination, vusar, b hoolookh. 
 
 Halo, purwar chund, jan sooruj, damundulee. 
 
 A reddish circle round the moon or sun. 
 
 Halt, lunga, lunga ke toorna, dhichook marke toorna. 
 
 Halt (to), mooqam kurna, ootara lena. 
 
 Halter, nooqtu. 
 
 Halve (to), udho ud hee kurna, do pareean kurna. 
 
 Halves, do hisse. 
 
 Hamlet, pun rota, j hompreean, nika pind. 
 
 A small village. 
 
 Hammer, wudan, huthoura, huthouree. 
 
 A large. Smaller, Smallest. 
 
 Hammer (to), wudan marna, huthoura marnee. 
 Hammering, kooteeda wudan nal. 
 
 Striking. Hammer, along with. 
 
 Hamper (to) vugarna, sukhur vich pyna. 
 
 To perplex. 
 
 Hamstring, lungar ke toorna, lut dhooke sootnee. 
 
 Hand, huth. 
 
 Hand (to), huth nal p,hurouna, huth nal denee. 
 
 Plandbreadth, chuppa huthalee jeda. 
 
 Handcuff, huthouree. 
 
 Handed, huth o hut hee puhonchaya. 
 
 Handful, lup, mooth. 
 
 With the hand open. With the hand closed. 
 Handgallop, koode jana, rohal chal jana. 
 Handicraft, huthanda kum 2 karee gur. 
 
 .Craftsman. 
 
 Handily, chutraee nal, vidyawan. 
 Handle (to), tohna, jachunna. 
 Handmaid, golee. 
 Handmill, chukkee ghorut, khuras, g horat. 
 
 For hand of man, For bullocks' water. 
 
 Handsaw, aree kurwutee, purnaee kurwut. 
 
 For one man. For two men. 
 
HAN ( 139 ) HAR 
 
 Handsome, sona, soondur, sujda. 
 
 Hand- writing, huthan da likhya hutjiwutee. 
 
 Handy, chatur, chola. 
 
 Hang (to), p hahe dena, lut ka dena. 
 
 By the neck. Any thing hung up, 
 
 Hanger-on, asra tukun wala or kurun wala. 
 Hangman, jullad, qusaee, chundal. 
 Hanker (to), chahona bhut kunna. 
 Happy, Jdioosh, sookh, anund. 
 Hapless, ku bukht, nu b hag, nung. 
 Haply, shayud, bhulaje 2 subub kurke. 
 
 By chance. 
 
 Happen (to), ho pyna. 
 
 Happiness, khooshee, sookhee, anund taee. 
 
 Harangue (to), gulan, kurnyan. 
 
 Harass (to) tung kurna, oukhur kurna. 
 
 Harbour (to), surn rukhna, ole rukhna. 
 
 Harbour, k,hoondur. 
 
 Hard, tukra, kururra, sukhta. 
 
 Hard-bound, qubzee, bund. 
 
 Harden (to), kururra kurna, tukra kurna. 
 
 Hard-hearted, sung dila, kururre dil wala. 
 
 Hardiness, sukhta, kuthor, kururra. 
 
 Hardly, musa musa kurke, oukhur kurke. 
 
 Hardmouthed, moonh jor, kururre moonh wala. 
 
 Hardness, kururraee. 
 
 Hardship, mooshkil, oukhur. 
 
 Hardware, b hurt dee. 
 
 Hardware-man, b hurt, ghurun wala. 
 
 Hardy, kuruklit, kururra, nigur. 
 
 Hare, syhar, susa. 
 
 Harem, junan k hanu. 
 
 Hark, choop, soono. 
 
 Harlot, kunjur, nut, qusubee, terah taree. 
 
 Harm, nooshqan, Jan. 
 
 Harmless, be nooshqan unnooshqan be jan. 
 
 Harmonious, soor hooee hooee, tal nal. 
 
 Harness, saj sumeean. 
 
 Harness (to), saj churhouna, sumeean kurna. 
 
 Harpoon, sang sang marnee. 
 
 To harpoon. 
 
 Harrow, sohaga. 
 
HAR ( 140 ) HEA 
 
 Harrower, sotraga dene wala, purlo jindal. 
 
 Harsh, suklit kururra. 
 
 Harshness, suklitaee kurur raee. [bera kurna. 
 
 Hash (to), dukfe dukre kurne, bote bote kurna, bera 
 
 Hasten (to), chetee kurnee, shitabee kurnee, kalee kurnee. 
 
 Hatch (to), boat kudhna. 
 
 Hatchet, koharee, takooa. 
 
 Hate (to), vyr ruk^hna, shureeka rukhna, boora munna, 
 
 kour kukhnee. 
 Hatred, vyree, dooshmunee, kullush. 
 Have (to), rukhna. 
 Haven, asra kurke, ola tukke. 
 Having, rukhda. 
 
 Haughty, mugroor, gumroor, mujajee ugur. 
 Haul (to), k hechunna, d hoona jor louna. 
 Haunch, put, mota put. 
 Haunt (to), humeshu ouna. 
 Havoc, nooshqan, jan. 
 Hawk, baj, byhru, shikura. 
 Hazard, ufat, bula, subub kurke, ruja nal. 
 Hazard (to), khutra, dur or toukulla kurna. 
 Hazardous, k,hutra jiha, toukulla jiha. 
 He, o, oho. 
 Head, sir. 
 
 Head-ache, sir dee peer. 
 Headless, sir thon bina, dhur. 
 Head-long, jiddya un k,hyalee, be k hyal. 
 Head-most, subna thon pyhla, morla, ugla. 
 Head-piece, sunjoh da boorka. 
 Head-stall, nooqtu sir duwal. 
 Head-strong, mujajee, hunkaree. 
 Head-workman, sirdar, juffedar. 
 Heady, mujajee, jiddya, uguree. 
 Heal (to), chunga kurna, nuroha kurna. 
 Health, urog nuroha, rajee. 
 Healthiness, nurohee rajee rogee. 
 Heap, bol dher gulla. 
 
 Of grain. Of anythiiig. As of money. 
 
 Heap (to), bol kurna, dher louna, gulla bhurna. 
 Hear (to), soonna, awaj lenee, birk lenee. 
 Hearken (to), soonna kun kurke. 
 
HEA ( 141 ) HEI 
 
 Hearsay, gougur, boolara. 
 
 Hearse, buban seerhee. 
 
 Heart, dil atma. 
 
 Heart-ache, dil deepeer, 2 sog, humsos. 
 
 Heart-break, dil khosda, sog, humsos. 
 
 Heart-burning, atma dee peer, undur da dookh. 
 
 Heart felt, undur da sog, undur da humsos. 
 
 Heartily, dil dee, suchyaree nal. 
 
 Heartiness, arthee kirtee, suchyaree nal aree. 
 
 Diligence. 
 
 Heartless, be as neasra, odurya hoya^ 2 kutor taee kur- 
 
 rurra dil. 
 Hearty, suchya, 2 nuroha rajee. 
 
 Sincere. 
 
 Heat, gurmee tao, wut hoomus towar. 
 
 Heat (to), gurm kurna, tutta kurna, tao louna. 
 
 Heath, bootee. 
 
 Heave (to), sah k,hechunna, hut g hora lena. 
 
 Heaven, bykoonth, soorug, soorga pooree. 
 
 Heaven-born, bykoonth jumya lioya. 
 
 Heavenly, bykoonth jiha. 
 
 Heavily, b,hara jiha, b,harwala. 
 
 Heavy, bharee 
 
 Hecatomb, sougou, poon kurnee or munsnee, dan kur- 
 
 nee, sunkulp kurna. 
 Hectic, wadee bannal, c hhyyan, pyeean hoyan. 
 Hedge, war bar. 
 
 Hedge-hog, kundala, khundeara. 
 Hedger, war kurun wala, dhingur, gudun wala. 
 Hedging-bill, gundasa, gundala, sulungnr. 
 Heed (to), mununna. 
 Heedful, tukra, hoshiar, chutra. 
 Heedless ghafil, be ukl. 
 Heel, udee. 
 Heft, dusta, hutha. 
 Heifer, wuchee wyr. 
 
 A young cow. 
 Heigho, ho ho. 
 Height, oochaee. 
 Heighten (to), oocha kurna. 
 Heightening, oocha osarna. 
 Heinous, uguree, dok,hee. 
 
ttEI ( 142 ) HER 
 
 Heir, waris, da we wala, pouun wala. 
 
 Heirless, be waris, ni dawa. 
 
 Heir-loom, koldeecheez, sut peeree cheez, qudeem cheez. 
 
 Heir-ship, waris wala, hisse wala. 
 
 Hell, ghor, dojukji nuruk. 
 
 Hell-doomed, nuruk wasee, dojukhee. 
 
 Helm, eliuppur moonee. 
 
 Helmet, sunjo da boorka. 
 
 Help, suhayuta, mudut, humrah. 
 
 Help (to), humrah kurnee, suhayuta kurnee, huth pur- 
 
 utee pounee. 
 Helper, humrahee, huth purutee, pooun wala. 
 Helpless, luchar, oukhur. 
 
 Helter-skelter, k hendya poondya hoya, rulya milya hoya. 
 Helve, dustu, byhur, hut ha. 
 
 Helve (to), dustu hutha, vyhur, pouna, jurna louna. 
 Hem, kunee, b han. 
 
 Hemisphere, doonya da udh, prithee da udh. 
 Hemorrhage, lobhoo lugna. 
 Hemorrhoids, bawaseer mumeseean. 
 Hemp, sun sunookura, dhineean. 
 Hem, kookuree. 
 Hence, ethon, uethon. 
 Henceforth, uedoon uge. 
 Henpecked, teemee de wus hoya hoya. 
 Henroost, kookooran dee shamlee. 
 Her, odee. 
 
 Herald, hulkaru, kasht. 
 Herald (to), hulkarene khubur kurnee. 
 Herb, sag, bhajee, bhoorjee. 
 Herd, wug, her, tubela, khanda. 
 
 Of Cattle. Of Deer. Of Horses. Of Buffaloes. 
 
 Herdman, wagee, mahee, ijjur chela churun wala. 
 
 Of Cows. Of Buffaloes. Of Goats and Slieep. 
 
 Here, uedur. 
 
 Hereabouts, uethe, uedur le pasee, oore hee. 
 
 Hereafter, uedoon uge. 
 
 Hereat, ise kurke, itne cheer vich. 
 
 Hereby, ise kurke. 
 
 Hereditable, waris jiha, dawe jiha. 
 
 Hereditary, warisee dawe wala. 
 
HER ( 143 ) HIG 
 
 Hereinto, ise vich, uede vich. 
 Hereof, isda, uesda. 
 Hereupon, tudon. 
 
 Heretofore, uge wan, uge jiha or wurga. 
 Herewith, ise nal, e de nal, os e vele. 
 Heritage, warisee da dawe. 
 Hermaphrodite, khoosrau hijra. 
 Hermit, bunbasee, oodasee, utunk. 
 Hermitage, bunbas dee jugeh bola. 
 
 Cell. 
 
 Hero, soorma, diler juwan murd. 
 
 Heroism, soorme da kum. 
 
 Her's, odee. 
 
 Herse, buban, sirhee, chundol. 
 
 Herself, oap. 
 
 Hesitate (to), thuthula koona, goon goon kurna. 
 
 Hesitation, thut hula, goon goona. 
 
 Hew (to), wudna, kutunna, sootna. 
 
 Hey-day, ho ho, ha ha. 
 
 Hiatus, ter pukter j hatee. 
 
 Aperture, cleft, left out. 
 
 Hiccough, (to), hitkee ounee or lugnee or honee. 
 Hide (to), loogouna chhipouna ole rukhna, djiuk lena, 
 
 kuj lena, 2 khul chumree. 
 Hide-bound, kururree khul, cheekunee khul. 
 Hideous, houl nak, bhy or dur nal. 
 Hiding-place, looqun walee jugeh. 
 Hie (to), chetee kurna, shitabee kurnee, kalee kurnee. 
 Hieroglyphic, unjan likht, unjan da hurf. 
 Higgle (to), bhao chookouna, u thaun ootahan kurna. 
 Higgledy piggledy, ooludya pooludya hoya, huthahan 
 
 ootaha keeta hoya. 
 Pliggler, wunjara p heree wala. 
 High, oocha. 
 
 Highblown, wao nal, bhurya hoya or poorya hoya. 
 Highflier, oocha ood hun wala, ootahun churhun wala. 
 High-heaped, oochee, dheree laee hoee. 
 Highland, tibbean walee jumeen. 
 Highmettled trikka, chalak, diler. 
 Highmost, subna thon oocha. 
 Highness, hoozoor. 
 
HIG ( 144 ) HOA 
 
 High-seasoned, kuriirra swad. 
 
 High-spirited, trikka diler, soormut. 
 
 High-water, paiiee churhya hoya. 
 
 Highway, badshahee rah, wuda rah, gadee rah. 
 
 Highwayman, dharawee pera. [hooee. 
 
 Highwrought, buhoot mihnut bunee hooee, sonee bunee 
 
 Hilarity, khooshee, anund taee. 
 
 Hill, oochee neewee jumeen, tibbee jihee. 
 
 Hilly, tibba jiha, tibba dhore. 
 
 Hilt, dustu hut ha wyhur, 2 moth qiizu punja. 
 
 Of a sword. 
 
 Hind, hurnee, mirgnee, bukee. 
 
 Hinder (to), utkouna cherna, 2 wurjunna. 
 
 To stop, prevent. 
 
 Hindrance, utkao, 2 wuruj da. 
 
 Hindermost, subna thon, pichhla mugurla. 
 
 Hinge, choolh, choot hee. 
 
 Hinge (to), choolh lounee, choot hee pounee. 
 
 Hint, sharut synut. 
 
 Hint (to), sharut kurnee, synut marnee. 
 
 Hip, choola, bajoo. [hoya. 
 
 Hip (to), oodas kurna, oodura dena, choola much kor^ 
 
 Hire, bhara. 
 
 Hire (to), bhara lena. 
 
 Hirsute, walan wala. 
 
 Hiss (to), seetee marn ee, p hookna p lioonkurna. 
 
 As a snake. 
 
 Hissing, seetee marda, p hookda. 
 
 Hist, soono. 
 
 Historian, verwar lik,hun wala. 
 
 History, verwe de pothee. 
 
 Hit (a), sut. 
 
 Hit (to), sut marna. 
 
 Hitch, gund jihee. 
 
 Hither, uedur, uese pas se. 
 
 Hithermost, subna thon pas or mood, kolore. 
 
 Hitherto, boon teeka. 
 
 Hitherward, uedur le pas se, ues wul. 
 
 Hive, khugga chulee. 
 
 Hiving khugga louona, chulee lounee. 
 
 Hoard, may a, joree hooee. 
 
HOA ( 145 ) HON 
 
 Hoard (to), maya jornee, gulla kut ha kurna. 
 
 Hoarfrost, kora pyna, kukor j umna. 
 
 Hoariness, dhoule aye hooe. 
 
 Hoarse, sung byhna, gula bythna. 
 
 Hoarsely, sung byt ha, kurke. 
 
 Hoary, dhoule jihe. 
 
 Hobble (to), lungouna, lungake toorna. 
 
 Hobby, shouqee. 
 
 Hobbyhorse, k hudouna, shouqee. 
 
 Hobgoblin, bhootna, pret, jin jinayt. 
 
 Hobnail, jootee da kil. 
 
 Hock, g hore de khooeh. 
 
 Hocus pocus, jadoo kurna, muntur mama, ser kurna. 
 
 Hod, tugaree. 
 
 Hoe, k hoorpee. 
 
 Hog, soour, bud. 
 
 Hogherd, soour charun wala. 
 
 Hoist (to), chookunna, chukunna. 
 
 Hold (to), p hurna. 
 
 Hole, khod, khud. 
 
 Holily, dhurm nal, dhurm kurke. 
 
 Hollo (to), hak marnee, changor kook marnee. 
 
 Hollow, pola. 
 
 Hollow (to), pola kurna, t,hotha kurna. 
 
 Holster, bokee. 
 
 Holy, dhurmatma. 
 
 Holiday, purb tehar, muhatum, din de har. 
 
 Homage, ijjut put, umraee. 
 
 Home, g.hur. 
 
 Homebred, ghur palya hoya. 
 
 Homefelt, undur da dookh, unduron dookhee. 
 
 Homeliness, rookhee, missee, maree motee. 
 
 Homely, g,hur de goojran. 
 
 Homeward, ghurwul, ghur noon. 
 
 Homicide, k^oonee, ghatee, katilee. 
 
 Hone, puthuree. 
 
 Honest, suchya, bechhul, be chilittooree. 
 
 Honestly, suchyaee nal, un chilittoor kurke. 
 
 Honesty, suchyaee. 
 
 Honey, shyhud. 
 
 Honey-bagged, mak,heeo dee mukhee. 
 
HON ( 146 ) HOR 
 
 Honeycomb, k hukur. [kuryaii hoyan. 
 
 Honeycombed, jingalee hooee top, morcht'an wale, khu- 
 
 As guns. 
 
 Honeyless, bina shyliud, unshyhud. 
 
 Honor, ijjut, put, abro. 
 
 Honor (to) put lounee, ijjut lounee. 
 
 Honorably, ijjut kurke, put nal. 
 
 Hood, boorqu. 
 
 Hoof, soom. 
 
 Hook, koondee. 
 
 Hooknosed, oocha nuk. 
 
 Hoop, gliera sum. 
 
 Hoop (to), ghera louna, sum pouna. 
 
 Hoot (to), goorukna, touree marnee, hurolee poune. 
 
 Hop (to), tapo rapa, ek pyr dee chhal. 
 
 Hope, oomed, bhurosa, wussa. 
 
 Hopeful, oomedwar, wussa kurke. 
 
 Hopeless, lachar, oukhur. 
 
 Hopper, tapo rapa khelun wala, lunga lunga dourya. 
 
 Horal, ek ghuree vich or nal. 
 
 Horde, jat da, ukuth jat dee mundulee. 
 
 Horizon, door dee dharee, nigah dee d haree. 
 
 Horizontal, dharee jihee. 
 
 Horn, singh. 
 
 Horned, singh luge hooe. 
 
 Horoscope, junum putree tewar, purushun. 
 
 Horrible, houl nak. 
 
 Horrid, houl jiha, houl wan. 
 
 Horror, houl, bhy, dur, chinta. 
 
 Horse, ghora, usur, bhour, arakee. 
 
 Horse (to), uswar hona, 2 g horee melnee. 
 
 To cover a mare. 
 
 Horseback, ghore oote churhya hoy a. 
 Horsebreaker, chabook uswar. 
 Horsecloth, ghore dee gurdunee. 
 Horsedealer, ghorean da dulal or soudagur. 
 Horsefly, bhouree kootte mukhee. 
 Horsehair, g hore da wal or jut looeen. 
 Horselaugh, khirke rake husna. 
 Horseleech, wudee jok. 
 Horselitter, g horean dee mundulee. 
 
HOR ( 147 ) HOW 
 
 Horseman, churhs uswar. ' 
 
 Horsemanship, chunga uswar. 
 
 Horsepond, ghorean da tulao or ghatee. 
 
 Horserace, ghorean dee shurt. 
 
 Horseradish, sohanjune dee jur. 
 
 Horseshoe, tundal, naal. 
 
 Horsestealer, ghorean da chor. 
 
 Horseroad, ghorean da raha. 
 
 Horticulture, bagh da kum. 
 
 Hosier, bujjaj. 
 
 Hospitable, bhaee chare nal, wurtun wala mihmanee. 
 
 Hospital, beemar k hanu, mandugee da ghur kurke. 
 
 Hospitality, mihmandaree, bhaee chare dee. 
 
 Host, mezman, bhaee charu syanoon. 
 
 Hostage, wulya hoya, nuzur bund, gjha keeta. 
 
 Hostile, vyree jiha. 
 
 Hostility, vyr, dooshmunee, shureeka. 
 
 Hostler, ghore da thyleea. 
 
 Hostry, huwelee, tuwelu. 
 
 For men. For horses. 
 
 Hot, tutta, gurm. 
 Hotbed, urooree reo, myl. 
 Hotel, huwelee. 
 
 Hot-headed, trikhee or likhee mujaj, krodhee. 
 Hovel, j hompree, bhora. 
 Hover (to), tar bununee, khumb phurkunna. 
 Hour, eko ghuree. 
 
 Hour-glass, ret or seese walee, ghuree. 
 Hourly, ghuree g huree kurke. 
 House, g hur. 
 
 Housebreaker, sun loune wala, or sun marne wala. 
 Household, g hur de lok. 
 
 Housekeeping, ghur da kum, ghur dee joogut. 
 Houseless, be ghur, be thikhanu, kungal. 
 Housewifery, g hur da joogutee. [kis doul. 
 
 How, kis turan, kis kurke, kis tour, kis quta, kis dhul, 
 Howbeit, tan bee, tud bee. 
 Howd'ye, too kysa hue ? 
 However, tan bee, to bee. 
 Howitzer, goobara opchee. 
 Howl (to), hoongunna, rona. 
 As a jackal. 
 
HOW ( 148 ) HUS 
 
 Howsoever, jis kurke, jis tiiraii. 
 
 Hubbub, hukama, roula, j hugra, j hanj ha. 
 
 Huddle (to), bheer honee, dulee murnee. 
 
 Hue, rung. 
 
 Huff (a), k.liufFa, g hoossa, huruk hwaii. 
 
 Hug (to), jhupee pouonee. 
 
 Huge, wuda. 
 
 Hulk (of ship), beree da t bulla or tuUa. 
 
 Hum (to), nuq vich gouna, moonh men gouna or koona. 
 
 Human, kbilqut da. 
 
 Humane, dyawunt, huleem ruseel. 
 
 Humanize (to) wus on kurnee, awadanee kurnee. 
 
 To civilize. 
 
 Humankind, kbilqut doonya de lok. 
 
 Humanely, munook ban da dhub doonya, deekar. 
 
 After the manner of men. 
 
 Humbly, ghureebee nal, huleemee nal. 
 
 Humeral, modah da. 
 
 Humid, gillee silee turur rej. 
 
 Humiliation, ud been taee ruseelee. 
 
 Humility, huleemee, ruseelee. 
 
 Humorous, t hutha, bukhera, mushkura, mushkoola. 
 
 Hump-back, kooba, luk toota. 
 
 Hundred, sou, sue, suekra. 
 
 Hunger (to), b hook h lugnee, khoodya lugnee. 
 
 Hungry, b hook ha, khoodyawan. 
 
 Hunt, shikar, mar. 
 
 Hunt (to), shikar khedna, mar marnee. 
 
 Hunting-horn, shikar dee seetee. 
 
 Hurdle, tapoo punjala. 
 
 Hurl (to), sootunna. 
 
 Hurly-burly, hukamu roula, gool o shor. 
 
 Hurricane, und heree, kalee b holee. 
 
 Hurry, shitabee, kalee, phoortee. 
 
 Hurry (to), shitabee, kalee kurnee. 
 
 Hurt, sut thokur. 
 
 Husband, khusun b hurta. 
 
 Husbandless, rundee, bidwa, 2 oodasun. 
 
 Destitute. 
 
 Husbandly, joogutee, tudbeeree. 
 
 Husbandman, hulwaee, khetee, jumeendaree da kum, 
 kursanee. 
 
HUS ( 149 ) IGN 
 
 Hushmoney, wuddee deke choop kurouna, wuddee nal, 
 
 mooqura dena. 
 Husk, chhil. 
 
 Husky, rulouna khurkouna, chhinkouna, pelouna. 
 Hut, j hompree, joogee, bhora, kootya, koolee. 
 Hutch, pinjura, sundooq jiha, pinjura. 
 Huzza (to), wah wall kurna, chambulan marnyan. 
 Hydra, suhuns phoona, sou sira sup. 
 Hpdraulics, panee leoundee joogut. 
 Hydrometer, panee da undaj. 
 Hyena, churg h. 
 Hymen, jutliera. 
 
 Hy menial, veeah da gaon or geet. 
 Hyperbole, lufafee, p houree, g hupee. 
 Hypochondriac, humeshan da sogee durakool. 
 Hypocrisy, pujee dughe baj, meesna. 
 Hypocrite, puj louunwala. 
 Hypothesis, utkul nal, undaj se. 
 Hysterical, gliush jehee, telee jihee. 
 Hysterics, gbush, telee. 
 
 I. 
 
 I, muen. 
 
 Ice, wurf, kora, kukur. 
 
 Idea, khyal wjhum mouj. 
 
 Ideal, khyalee, wyhumee, moujee. 
 
 Identify (to), seeanun na, puhchan kurnee. 
 
 Idiom, turan. 
 
 Idiot, kumla, baola. 
 
 Idle, soost dhilla jilla. 
 
 Idleness, soostee, dhillaee, jillaee. 
 
 Idol, moorut, pootulee. 
 
 Idolater, moorut de poojun wala. 
 
 Idolize (to), pooja kurnee, pat kurna. 
 
 If, jetha, b hula, je. 
 
 Ignis-fatuus, b hootan dee ug. 
 
 Ignite, bulunna, jalna, p hookunna. 
 
 Ignoble, kungal, kumeen, pajee, geedee. 
 
 Ignominy, namoshee, budnamee. 
 
 Ignorance, nadanee, be wuqoofee. 
 
ILL ( 150 ) IMP 
 
 111, rogee, beemar, munohan, 2 nooshqan jan. 
 
 Sick. Harm. 
 
 Illaborate, meenut kurke, oukheeaee nal. 
 
 Illegal, be shuru, be rue eeyut. 
 
 Illegible, uiipurh dee lik hee hooee, unjan dee lik.hee. 
 
 Illegitimate, sayur, huramda, asmanee gola. 
 
 Illnature, suree mijaj, kururree mijaj. 
 
 Illness, rog, beemaree, munohan. 
 
 Illumine (to), chanunna kurna, roshunre kurnee. 
 
 Illusion, ch bul, chilittoor, fureb. 
 
 Illustrate (to), oojagur kurna 2 byan or gyan kurna. 
 
 To brighten. To explain. 
 
 Illustrious, namee, juswunt, namjud. 
 
 Image, moorut, tusbeer, shuk^hl, soorut. 
 
 Imagine (to), khyal kurna, wyhum kurna. 
 
 Imbank (to), kunde or bunne, bununnee. 
 
 Imbecility, kumjoree, nuqoobutee. 
 
 Imbitter (to), kouree kurnee. 
 
 Imbody (to), ukutha kurna, rulouna. 
 
 Imbolden (to), dileree kurnee, dil wudouna, surse bona. 
 
 Imborder (to), j balee lounee. 
 
 Imbosom (to), j up hee pounee. 
 
 Imbrue (to), bbeeouna gilla kurna. 
 
 Imitate (to), ose wurga kurna, oho jiha kurna. 
 
 Immaculate, be dagh, pubitr. 
 
 Immature, kuchha, uUa, pilla. 
 
 Immeasurable, be undaj, be utahu, be oruk. 
 
 Immediately, troot or tooroot or troont hoone. 
 
 Immemorial, qudeemee, pooranee sumb hal on uge. 
 
 Immense, buhoot wuda, wude thon wuda. 
 
 Immerse (to), dubona, ghote denee, chundunna. 
 
 Imminence, kol pas, 2 tibbe oote. 
 
 Immoderately, be undaj kurke, be hudda, be oruk. 
 
 Immoral, kamee, uguree. 
 
 Immortal, chirun jeeo, umur. 
 
 Immoveable, chookun joga naheen, unchook. 
 
 Immure (to), bununna, qyd kurna, dhuk kurnee. 
 
 Immutable, unwut, wutoun wala naheen. 
 
 Impair (to), ghutouna, nooshqan kurna, vigarna. 
 
 Impartial, be kooshamud, be moolaju. 
 
 Impassable, unlung. 
 
IMP ( 151 ) IMP 
 
 Impatience, be dheeruj, be suntokh. 
 Impeach (to), nalish kuriiee, fury ad lounee. 
 Impede (to), utkouiia, rokna, hutkunna. 
 Impediment, utkao, rok, 2 tutla totla. 
 
 Of speech. 
 
 Impel (to), torna d hukna. 
 Impend (to), lut kouna, pulmouna tungna. 
 Impenetrable, un wur, be lung. 
 Impenitent, be puclida, kurukht dila. 
 Imperceptible, disda nalieen, minna. 
 Imperfect, udh bunnee,relia hooa, udh viritee. 
 
 From ruha. 
 
 Imperial, raj da, guddee da. 
 
 Imperishable, umur, un sookh. 
 
 Impertinence, shekhee, mujajee. 
 
 Impervious, unwur, be lung. 
 
 Impetuosity, tejee trikkaee, chalakee. 
 
 Impiety, be dhurmee, koo dhurmee. 
 
 Implacable, be ruhm, be dya, kururree mijaj wala. 
 
 Implement, hu thyar, sundh. 
 
 In general. Of agriculture. 
 
 Implicate (to), nal da dusna, nal rulouna. 
 Implicit, theek bu t heek, such mooch. 
 Implore (to) bentee kurnee, arjoee kurnee. 
 Import (to), unwouna, le ounna, sudwouna. 
 Importance, juroor dee, lor dee, kum dee. 
 Importunate, buhoot suwalee jidya. 
 Impose (to), hookm dena, 2 thugouna 
 Impossible, unhona. 
 Impostor, thugoun wala chhulya. 
 Impotence, be qoobutee, thunda pja hoya. 
 
 Without power of propagation. 
 
 Impracticable, na hone da. 
 
 Imprecate, dhurna, srafna. 
 
 Impregnible, unjit be toot. 
 
 Impression, usur lugee hooee. 
 
 Imprimis, subna nal puehle, subna thon mood le. 
 
 Imprint (to), chhapa louna, theka louna, sucha louna. 
 
 Imprison (to), qyd kurna, bununna, dhuk kurna. 
 
 Improbable, uql se bahur. 
 
 Improbity, be ueteebaree jootheearee. 
 
 Improper, na laeq, joga naheen. 
 
IMP ( 152 ) INC 
 
 Impropriety, na laeq, unjog bona. 
 
 Improve (to), sik h jana, sour jana. 
 
 Improvident, khurchoo, bejoogut. 
 
 Imprudent, be sumuj h, unkhyal. 
 
 Impudence, shekhee, mugrooree, mujajee. 
 
 Impunity, be suja. 
 
 Impure, pubitr nabeen, nupak. 
 
 Impute (to), louna. 
 
 Inability, be bimmutee, un poucbee. 
 
 Inaccessible, belungar, unwur. 
 
 Inaccurate, bboola boya, b hool cbook pyee booee. 
 
 Inactive, jilla, dbilla mutba. 
 
 Inadequate, joga or wurga nubeen, jiba nabeen. 
 
 Inadvertenly, unjan, poone nal, ghafile nal. 
 
 Inattention, soostee, dhillaee, gliafilee. 
 
 Inaudible, soonne da nubeen. 
 
 Incapable, wurga, joga, jiba nubeen. 
 
 Incapacity, bimmut nubeen, goodrut nubeen. 
 
 Incarcerate (to), bununna, qued kurna, dbuk kurna. 
 
 Incautious, bina cbutraee. 
 
 Incendiary, gbur phookun wala or sarun wala. 
 
 Incense (to), gboossa kurna, buruk b kurna. 
 
 Incessant, bumesban da, be butna. 
 
 Incest, koo sung, koo reet. 
 
 Incb, ungool tusso. 
 
 Incidental, itne cber vicb, cbancbuk kurke. 
 
 Incipient, moodon sbona. 
 
 Incision, cbeerya boya. 
 
 Incivility, be ubsanee, be moobtaj. 
 
 Inclement, kururra, sukbta. 
 
 Incline (to), neeona, jookna. 
 
 Inclose (to), gbera pouna, gher lena. 
 
 Inclosure, cbuferon gberya, boya. 
 
 Inclusive, ukuthe rulaye booe. 
 
 Incognito, bhek b wutaya boya, rung wutarya boya. 
 
 Incoberent, buroun, burbake. 
 
 Income, amdunee kut,bee. 
 
 Incommode (to), oukbiar bona, tung b5na. 
 
 Incomparable, jiba nubeen, wurga nabeen. 
 
 Incompetent, joga nubeen, wurga nubeen. 
 
 Incomplete, ud,b bunnee, poora nubeen. 
 
INC ( 153 ) IND 
 
 Inconsiderate, unkhyalee, be sumiij h. 
 
 Inconsistent, wurga or jiha naheen. 
 
 Inconstancy, be t,hukhana, phir phira. 
 
 Incontestable, bysun, wurga nuheen. 
 
 Inconvenient, koo wuqt, koo vela, be mouqu. 
 
 Incorporate (to), milouna, rulouna. 
 
 Incorrect, t heek nuheen, khundut, b hoolya hoya. 
 
 Incorrigible, uguree, mujajee. 
 
 Incorruptible, surya jiha nuheen. 
 
 Increase (to), wudjina, wudouna. 
 
 Incredible, vusa wale nuheen, b hurose jiha naheen. 
 
 Incredulity, be vusaee hubo sahee. 
 
 Inculcate (to), sikhalna. 
 
 Incumbent, juroor la, juroor loreeda. 
 
 Indebted, qurzee, deewalya. 
 
 Indecent, be luj, be shurm. 
 
 Indeed, suchee. 
 
 Indefatigable, urthee mihnutee. 
 
 Indefinite, be hudd, unwut, be wutee. 
 
 Indelible, mit hda nuheen, lenda nuheen, ooturda nuheen. 
 
 Indelicate, be shurm, na luj. 
 
 Indemnity, bucha, ruha. 
 
 Indenture, kunara, 
 
 Indescribable, urth jiha nuheen. 
 
 Indicate (to), wukhalna. 
 
 Indifference, be purwaee. 
 
 Indigence, nungee, tunksaee. 
 
 Indigestible, puchun wala nuheen, hajm wala nuheen. 
 
 Indignation, krod,h, kurukh, ghoossa. 
 
 Indigo, neel. 
 
 Indirect, sid ha nuheen, vinga. 
 
 Indiscernable, disda nuheen, vekhee da nuheen. 
 
 Indiscreet, be tudbeer. 
 
 Indispensible, juroor, jurooran, lor eeda. 
 
 Indisposed, beram, rojee nuheen, munohar. 
 
 Indisposition, beramee, rogee. 
 
 Indisputable, bysun wala nuheen. [hooee. 
 
 Indissoluble, bud,hee hooee, ghootee nuheen, peechee 
 
 Indistinct, nima nima, mudum. 
 
 Individual, admee, munook h. 
 
 Indivisible, ud,ho ud hee naheen, hoondee, pat de nuheen. 
 
IND ( 154 ) INF 
 
 Indocile, trikka, khunda, palun joga naheen. 
 
 Indolence, soostee, ghafilee, dhilaee. 
 
 Indubitable, be bhurm, be jun. 
 
 Induce (to), dilasa dena, pulosna. 
 
 Indulge (to), myhrmee kurnee, mitr charee kurnee. 
 
 Industrious, urthee, mibnutee. 
 
 Industry, urtliee. 
 
 Inebriation, umulee hoya boya. 
 
 Ineffectual, be basil, nikunia. 
 
 Inelegant, koo sona, koo sbuklil. 
 
 Inequality, bura burabur nulieen, eko jiba nubeen. 
 
 Inert, soost, d billa, jilla. 
 
 Inestimable, be qeemut, un mol. 
 
 Inevitable, juroor bu juroor, buchan wala nubeen. 
 
 Inexcusable, oojr joga nabeen. 
 
 Inexhaustible, be unt, un toot. 
 
 Inexorable, be ruhm, kurukht. 
 
 Inexpedient, joga, wurga, nubeen. 
 
 Inexperience, be waqifee, be muerumee. 
 
 Inexpert, jilla, unjan. 
 
 Inexpressible, bolun wala nubeen, gyan wala nubeen. 
 
 Infallible, un b.hool siheeh, tbeek bu tbeek. 
 
 Infamous, namosbee. 
 
 Infancy, baluk poone. 
 
 Infant, ningur, eeanu. 
 
 Infanticide, eeane, ningur mar. 
 
 Infantry, pyadu tulungur. 
 
 Infatuated, umor, deewanu. 
 
 Infectious, moosk dee soog. 
 
 Inference, urt,h manee basil. 
 
 Inferior, gbut. 
 
 Infernal, shytanda. 
 
 Infidel, be d hurm. 
 
 Infinite, be unt, be oruk. 
 
 Infirm, nujora, kumjora, nuqoobuta. 
 
 Infirmary, beemar k,hanu, rogeean da gbur. 
 
 Infirmity, nujoree nuqoobutee. 
 
 Inflame (to), sarna, pjiookna, balna julna. 
 
 Inflammable, surun jiha, balun wala. 
 
 Inflammation, taa lee soorkhee. 
 
 Inflate (to), hook marke p.boolouna. 
 
INF ( 155 ) INS 
 
 Inflexible, kurukht, umor. 
 
 Inflict (to), suja denee, dookh dena. 
 
 Influence, bus, wus. 
 
 Inform (to), chita dena, dus dena. 
 
 Informant, dusun wala, chitoun wala. 
 
 Information, khubur. 
 
 Ingenious, kareeguree, hikmutee. 
 
 Ingenuous, suchya, sidha. 
 
 Ingratitude, be shookree, nimuk huramee. 
 
 Inhabit (to), rehna, tikna. 
 
 Inhale (to), sah lena, dum bhurna. 
 
 Inharmonious, tal be tal, be soora. 
 
 Inherent, jat, usultaee. 
 
 Inherit (to), warisee pounee. 
 
 Inhospitable, be mihmanee. 
 
 Inhuman, be turs, be ruhm, kutor taee. 
 
 Inimitable, be wurga, sone thon sona. 
 
 Iniquitous, uguree, booreaee. 
 
 Initiate (to), sik.halna. 
 
 Inimical, vyree jiha, dooshmun jiha. 
 
 Injure (to), nooshqan or jan kurna. 
 
 Injustice, be insafee, be nishafee. 
 
 Ink, shahee, roshunaee. 
 
 Inkstand, duwat, boogta. 
 
 Inmate, ukut he rehne wala, sanj he rehne wala. 
 
 Inner, undur. 
 
 Innkeeper, huwele burdar. 
 
 Innocence, be goonahee. 
 
 Innocuous, nooshqan or jan wala nuheen. 
 
 Innumerable, unginut be shoomar. 
 
 Inquietude, beramee nichulee, be sookhee. 
 
 Inquire (to), poochna. 
 
 Inquiry, poochna gichna. 
 
 Inquisitive, pooch pach, prae pooch. 
 
 In vail (to), karengar bununna, war kurne^. 
 
 Inroad, bulla. 
 
 Insalubrious, panee mare wala. 
 
 Insane, baola, deewanu. 
 
 Insatiable, naruj, be sunthok. 
 
 Inscribe (to), lik hna. 
 
 Inscrutable^ looqya hoya. 
 
INS ( 156 ) INT 
 
 Insect, keera, cheetee. 
 
 Insecure, tukra naheen, kururra nuheen. 
 
 Insensible, behosh. 
 
 Inseparable, juroor jurooran, 2 joree hoya. 
 
 Not to be separated. 
 
 Inside, undur le pase. 
 
 Insidious, furebee, chhulya, cliilittooree. 
 
 Insignificant, ni kumee, koocheel. 
 
 Insincerity, be suchyaree j hoothee. 
 
 Insipid, phika, kusera, buk buka. 
 
 Insist (to), hookm kurna. 
 
 Insnare (to), p,haka lounee, jallouna, phurna. 
 
 Insobriety, umul poona/ 
 
 Insolence, shekhee, mujajee. 
 
 Insoluble, gulun wala naheen, ungul. 
 
 Insolvent, dowalya, nung. 
 
 Insomuch, ki. 
 
 Inspect (to), vek,hna moolaheju kurna. 
 
 Instability, t hyrda naheen, renda naheen. 
 
 Instal (to), duk hula kurna. 
 
 Instance, vela wuqt. 
 
 Instant, lehma pul. 
 
 Instantaneously, phoortee chetee, shitabee nal. 
 
 Instead, uvuzee, budlee, wutte. 
 
 Instep, puer da ch hut. 
 
 Instigate, kurouna, muchouna. 
 
 Instinct, soo nal. 
 
 Institute (to), bunouna. 
 
 Instruct (to), sik halna. 
 
 Instrument, huthyar, shustru, sund h. 
 
 Insufferable, be dheeruj. 
 
 Insufficient, mooafiq or joga nuheen. 
 
 Insular, tapoo da. 
 
 Insult, be ijjutee, be putee. 
 
 Insurgent, hukame kurne wala, roule poune wala. 
 
 Insurmountable, ujit. 
 
 Insurrection, hukamu, dunga. 
 
 Integrity, sucheeaee. 
 
 Integument, k hul, chum. 
 
 Intellect, uql, hosh, chutraee vidya. 
 
 Intelligence, uql wun, chutraee. 
 
INT ( 157 ) INT 
 
 Intelligible, sumujh wala. 
 
 Intemperance, be bundejee. 
 
 Intense, buhoota, be hudd. 
 
 Intent, itch ha, iradu, asa. 
 
 Inter (to), nupna. 
 
 Intercede, ch hudouna, mooaf kurwana. 
 
 Intercept (to), roknee, hudd wutte lenee. 
 
 Intercourse, jiwab suwal, amkhash gulan. 
 
 Interdict (to), mune kurna, wurujna, huta dena. 
 
 Interest, kum, ghuruj, gaon. 
 
 Interfere (to), dukhla kurna. 
 
 Interim, itne cheer vich. 
 
 Interior, undur le pase. [lek hna. 
 
 Interline (to), vich lik hna, de vich lik hna, sun or gubbe 
 
 Interloper, ubeea gut, bina sudde thon ouun wala. 
 
 Intermarry (to), saka giree, da veeah kurna. 
 
 Interminable, be hudd, be unt, be oruk. 
 
 Intermittent, tap teju. 
 
 Internal, undur dee. 
 
 Interpose (to), vich ouna, gubbe ouna. 
 
 Interpret (to), gyan kurna, byan kurna. 
 
 Interrogate, poochna. 
 
 Interrupt (to), duk hla kurna, rokna, tung kurna. 
 
 Intersect (to), moolk vich, huthryan, pootyan hooyan. 
 
 Intertwine, wuletna. 
 
 Interval, vich vich. 
 
 Intervene (to), vich vich pynee. 
 
 Interview, milap, moolaqat, mela. 
 
 Intestate, be lik hya, un dusya. 
 
 Intestines, ojuree. 
 
 Inthralment, ghoolam puna, thyul poona. 
 
 Intimacy, milap, mel. 
 
 Intimate (to), khubur dena, dusnee. 
 
 Intimidate, durouna, kumbouna. 
 
 Intire, subo, sumoochu, sarha hee. 
 
 Intolerable, be suhu, n^ suhee, ne j hulee 
 
 Intoxication, umulee. 
 
 Intrench (to), ghera pouna, morche loune. 
 
 Intrepid, diler, soorma. 
 
 Intricacy, oukhur, ouk heeaee. 
 
 Intrigue, koo soobha. 
 
INT ( 158 ) IRR 
 
 Intrude (to), wur jana, be illaqe ouna. 
 
 Intrust (to), sompna, soopoord kurna. 
 
 Intwine (to), vullet na, gunda pounyan. 
 
 Invade (to), churh jana, bulla kurke. 
 
 Invalid, beramee, rogee, munolian. 
 
 Invaluable, un mol, be qeemuta. 
 
 Invariable, humesb bumeshan. 
 
 Invasion, eburbee boya, bulla kurke. 
 
 Invective, bud juban da. 
 
 Invention, biqmut, kareeguree. 
 
 Inventory, bunist, bunouut. 
 
 Invert (to), ooludna, ooltouna, mroda kurna. 
 
 Invest (to), dena. 
 
 Investigate (to), tuteek kurnee, tol tolnee, kboj khojna. 
 
 Invidious, reesda, shreeka. 
 
 Invigorate (to), tukra kurna, kururra kurna. 
 
 Invincible, unjit, untoot. 
 
 Invisible, undit, bedit. 
 
 Invitation, neonda d bama. 
 
 Invite (to), neonda dena, dbama dena. 
 
 Inundation, purlo, akhur, g,burbee. 
 
 Invoke (to), b hugwan or purmesbwurda nao lena. 
 
 Invoice, cbeezanda verwar or khoolafee. 
 
 Involuntary, upne ap, jan booj bke. 
 
 Inure (to), adut kurnee, ban kurnee, wadee kurnee. 
 
 Inutility, ni kurnee. 
 
 Invulnerable, wur, un pbut. 
 
 Inwards, undur le pase. 
 
 Irascible, krodhwan, buruk hwan. 
 
 Irksome, diqqdaree tungsee, ook beeaee. 
 
 Iron, loba. 
 
 Irony, p,bitkaree tana. 
 
 Irradicate (to), cbanunna, oojala kurna. 
 
 Irrational, be uql. 
 
 Irreclaimable, uncbul, un mil. 
 
 Irreconcileable, un munya, be milap. 
 
 Irrecoverable, un lub,b. 
 
 Irregular, be tudbeera, ookbur khora. 
 
 Irreligion, be dhurm. 
 
 Irremediable, be illaj, be joogutee. 
 
 Irreparable, be illaj, be joogutee. 
 
IRR ( 159 ) JOC 
 
 Irresolute, juho tuke vich, be Jiimmutee. 
 Irrigate (to), panee seenj hna, panee ghutunna. 
 Irritable, trikha, krodhee. 
 Irruption, churhaee, pit pilkore. 
 
 Invasion. Of the skin. 
 
 Island, tapoo, deep. 
 Issue, hasil, 2 oulad, uns. 
 
 Offspring. 
 
 Itch, khoruk, pa. 
 
 Item, cheez. 
 
 Iterate (to), moodo kurnee. 
 
 Itinerant, phirtoora, bhoundoo. 
 
 Itself, oho, ap. 
 
 Ivory, hathee, da dund. 
 
 Ivy, wuloor. 
 
 J. 
 
 Jabber, (to), bookwa kurna. 
 
 Jacent, lumma pouna. 
 
 Jackal, gidhoor, seeal, jumbuk. 
 
 Jagged, chitree hooee, ookharee hooee. 
 
 Jail, bunde k hanu, qyd k hana. 
 
 January, mag h. 
 
 Jargon, mundee bolee, j hanj ha bolee. 
 
 Javelin, burchhee, sang, bjiul, sela, neju, burchh. 
 
 Jaundice, surdee gurmee da d huka. 
 
 Jaunt, sufur syhul. 
 
 Jaw, choaree. 
 
 Jealous, bhurmee, junee. 
 
 Jeer (to), tana dena. 
 
 Jeopardy, khutre vich, wuswas vich. 
 
 Jerk (to), jhutkamarna, hujoka hoa, marna. 
 
 Jest, t hutte bajee. 
 
 Jewel, toomba. 
 
 Jeweller, joaree bucha. 
 
 Jig, nach. 
 
 Jingle (to), shunkunna, chhon ch bona. 
 
 Job, kum. 
 
 Jockey, chabook uswar. 
 
 Jocose, khoosh khooshee. 
 
aroG ( 160 ) keg 
 
 Jog (to), huloima, huj kopa. 
 
 Join (to), joriia, guild na. 
 
 Joint, jor sungolee. 
 
 Joke, thutta, mushkuree. 
 
 Jowl, gul. 
 
 Jolt (to), ho lare, hujoke, hoe wugne. 
 
 Jostle, d,hukum, dhuke. 
 
 Jovial, khooshee nal. 
 
 Journal, vvhee chipputta. 
 
 Journey, sufur, sjhul. 
 
 Joy, khooshee, anundtaee. , 
 
 Judge, hakim, maluk. 
 
 Judicial, hakimda, shuruhda. 
 
 Judicious, chatur uqlya. 
 
 Juggle (to), jadoo marna, ser kurna, toona kurna. 
 
 Juggler, jadoo marun wala, ser kurun wala. 
 
 Jugular, dhaon da, gul da. 
 
 Juice, rus, seeree. 
 
 July, sawun. 
 
 Jumble (to), rula dena. 
 
 Jump (to\ chhulan marnyan, koodunna. 
 
 June, har. 
 
 Junior, louda, ch hota. 
 
 Jurisdiction, umuldaree, sirdaree, hookoomut. 
 
 Just, udalutee, insafee. 
 
 Upright. 
 
 Just, t heek bu t,heek. 
 
 Exact. 
 Justifiable, huqq da huqq. 
 Justly, huqq nal. 
 Juvenile, juwanee. 
 Juxtaposition, kol o kol, pase pase, mood o moode. 
 
 K. 
 
 Kalendar, putree. 
 
 Kaw (to), kah kah kurna, or louna. 
 
 As a crow. 
 
 Keen, tikke, tej. 
 Keep, rukhna. 
 Keg, dholehee. 
 
KEN ( 161 ) LAB 
 
 Ken (to), janna, muloom kurna. 
 
 Kernel, giree. 
 
 Kettledrum, nugaru, noubiit. 
 
 Key, koonjee. 
 
 Keyhole, koonjee da shair. 
 
 Kick (to), do lutta marna, puch hunda niarna, lut marnee. 
 
 As a horse. As of a man. 
 
 Kid, puthora, bukrota. 
 
 Kidney, goorde. 
 
 Kill (to), marna, sootna. 
 
 Kiln, awa. 
 
 Kind, mihrwan, dyawan. 
 
 Kindred, sakagiree, bhaee charu. 
 
 Kine, wug. 
 
 King, badshah, raja. 
 
 Kinsfolk, sak lok, b haee charu. 
 
 Kiss (to), choomunna, bagiLce dene, mupee denee. 
 
 Kite, putung, goodee furara tookul. 
 
 Kitten, buloonga. 
 
 Klick (to), t hunkouna, t hukorna. 
 
 Knack, kurtub. 
 
 Knapsack, j holee. 
 
 Knave, huram jada, budmash, kuchura. 
 
 Knead, goonna. [vich goonna. 
 
 Kneading-trough, batee vich, goonna prat, kat hura tubak. 
 
 Knee, goda gode, dee chupunee. 
 
 Kneel (to), gode marnee. 
 
 Knife, ch hooree, kurpau, kurd, kachoo. 
 
 Knit, oonna, boonna. 
 
 Knob, k,huga goola. 
 
 As of a tree. 
 
 Knock (to), sut lounee, sootunna. 
 Knot, gund, gunt h. 
 Know (to), janna puhchannunna. 
 Knowledge, ilm, gyanee, vidya. 
 Knuckle (to), munjoor kurna, mun lena. 
 Knuckle, oongulyan, dyan, gunda. 
 
 L. 
 
 Label, duwa da sirnamu. 
 Labor, meenut. 
 Laboratory, kark.hanu. 
 
 w 
 
LAB ' ( 1G2 ) LAS 
 
 Laborer, mujoor. 
 
 Laborious, meenut da. 
 
 Lacerate (to), parna, clieriia. 
 
 Lachrymal, utroo da, unyoo da. 
 
 Lack (to), g hut jana, ghut bona. 
 
 Laconic, tomboo, rooqa. 
 
 Lad, moonda. 
 
 Ladder, pouree. 
 
 Lade (to), bhar ludna. 
 
 Ladle, kurchee. 
 
 Lady, teemee. 
 
 Lag (to), jilla torna, houle houle tdriia 
 
 Lair, ghora k hut. 
 
 As of a Tiger. 
 
 Laity, kliilqut. 
 
 Lake, tal. 
 
 Lambkin, lera, chutra. 
 
 Lamb'swool, oon. 
 
 Lame, lunga, dooda. 
 
 Lament (to), humsos, sog kurna, hurukh kurna. 
 
 Lamp, deewah. 
 
 Lampblack, deewah dee shyaee, shyee da p hool. 
 
 Lance, burchhee, neja, sela, sang. 
 
 Lancet, nustur. 
 
 Land, jumeen bhoen, prithee dhurtee. 
 
 Land (to), kunde oote louona. 
 
 Landholder, jumeendar, jut. 
 
 Landmark, jumeen dee nishanee. 
 
 Lane, gulee, vee. 
 
 Language, bolee juban. 
 
 Languid, soost, nuqoobuta. 
 
 Lank, mara lisa. 
 
 Lap, godee, koochur, qud, d hak. 
 
 Lapidary, juwahir. 
 
 Lapse, b hool visurya hoya hoya. 
 
 Larceny, choree. 
 
 Large, wuda. 
 
 Lascivious, kamee, rundee baj. 
 
 Lash, kotura. 
 
 Lash (to), kootna marna. 
 
 Lassitude, mandegee murupun. 
 
 Last, pichhla. 
 
LAS ( 163 ) LEA 
 
 Lasting, giradar paedar. 
 
 Late, cheer. 
 
 Lately, uj kul dee. 
 
 Latent, looqaya hoya. 
 
 Lateral, pase pyee liooee, pase purnee. 
 
 Lathe, dhunuwee, jund. 
 
 Lather, suboondee jug. 
 
 Latitude, chouraee. 
 
 Latterly, pichhon thon, pichhe nalon. 
 
 Lattice, kingure. 
 
 Laud (to), sulouna. 
 
 Laudable, suloune laeq. 
 
 Laudanum, ufeem da rus, ufeerri da j hoi. 
 
 Laugh (to), husna mooshkunna. 
 
 Lavish (to), oodouna, gooouna. . 
 
 Launch (to), puehla poor torna. 
 
 Law, shuruh, dhurm. 
 
 Lawful, d hurm jiha. 
 
 Lawless, be dhurm, koo shuruh. 
 
 Lawsuit, mooquddemu, j hugra. 
 
 Lax, soost, jilla, d hilla. 
 
 Lay (to), lumbe pyna. 
 
 Lazy, soost, d hilla, jilla. 
 
 Lead (to), lue, chulna, bank p hurke. 
 
 Lead, chikka, jist. 
 
 Leaf, put. 
 
 Leafless, be put, lunda. 
 
 League, koo sooba. 
 
 Leak (to), cho pyna, choa pyna, tupka pyna. 
 
 Lean, lisa, mara, munohan. 
 
 Lean (to), d^ho lounee, hore oote krona. 
 
 Leap (to), koodunna, bhoorkunna. 
 
 Learn (to), sikhna. 
 
 Learned, sikhya hoya, gyanee, ilmee. 
 
 Learner, chela, sikhun wala, shagird. 
 
 Lease, theka, ujaru, chookawu. 
 
 Least, subna nal, on chhota. 
 
 Leather, chum. 
 
 Leather-seller, chum vechun wala, mochee. 
 
 Leave (to), chhudna, tyagna, 2 choot hee. 
 
 Leave. 
 
LEA ( 164 ) LIB 
 
 Leaven, khumeer. 
 
 Leavings, joot ha. 
 
 Lecherous, must, kamee. 
 
 Ledge, ala purshutee. 
 
 Ledger, vjhee dee pothee, chuputur.- 
 
 Lee, ole dee wul, urtula. 
 
 Leech, jok. 
 
 Leer (to), tedha dek hna, vinga dekhna. 
 
 Left, qhubba pasa. 
 
 Left-handed, qhoobara. 
 
 Leg, pvr. 
 
 Legacy, murun lugee dittee hooee. 
 
 Legal, dhurm, nal shuruh jiha. 
 
 Legible, hurhun wala. 
 
 Legion, dulee murnee, bheer. 
 
 Legislate (to), moolkdaree kurna. 
 
 Legitimate, usul. 
 
 Leisure, himmut, foorsut. 
 
 Lemon, nimboo, gul gul. 
 
 Lend (to), qurz dena, oodhar dena. 
 
 Length, lumma lumbaee. 
 
 Lengthwise, lumme pase, tanne wul. 
 
 Lenient, dyawun, rehmee. 
 
 Leopard, chitura. 
 
 Leper, koorhee. 
 
 Lessen (to), g hutouna, ghut kurna. 
 
 Lesson, sunt ha path, pouree, took. 
 
 Lest, nuheentan. 
 
 Let (to), t heka kurna, chookawu kurna. 
 
 Lethargic, hoongda g horare marnee. 
 
 Letter, hurdas, khut. 
 
 Letters, vidya, gyan, ilm. 
 
 Levee, durbar, subha, kucherry. 
 
 Level, bura burabur, pudra. 
 
 Lever, hore nal chboknee, arikee nal chookna. 
 
 Levy (to), ukuth kurna, wara kurna. 
 
 Lewd, kamee. 
 
 Liable, jiha wurga. 
 
 Liar, joot ha. 
 
 Libel, ooj h toohmut. 
 
 Liberal, suk.hee, data, dittar. 
 
LIB ( 165 ) LIN 
 
 Liberate (to), chhudouna. 
 Libertine, budkar, k,huwa. 
 Liberty, choothee, ehhoot gya, ukhtyar goehuree. 
 
 Leave. From confinement, Clioice. 
 
 Librate (to), poora toulna, dodundyan ke vich. 
 
 License, purwana. 
 
 Licentious, uguree, mujajee, budkar. 
 
 Lick (to), cbutna. 
 
 Lid, surposh, dhukna, chupunee. 
 
 Lie, j,hoot h koor. 
 
 Life, jinde gee. 
 
 Lifeless, moordu, be jan. 
 
 Lifetime, jeeon de vele, jeeon de jee. 
 
 Lift (to), chukna, chookna. 
 
 Ligature, puttee. 
 
 Light, chanun, roshunee. 
 
 Light (to), chanun kurna, roshunaee kurnee 
 
 Lighten (to), houla kurna, hulka kurna. 
 
 Lightning, bijlee damunee. 
 
 Like, vurga jiha, 2 chahna. 
 
 To like. 
 
 Likely, hoonda howe, shayud, bhulaje. 
 
 Likewise, o bee. 
 
 Limb, lut, tung. 
 
 Limber, liph or lifliun wala nurmkoolee. 
 
 Lime, choona, 
 
 Limekiln, choona dee bhutthee or b hut. 
 
 Limestone, choone de kynkuree or ror. 
 
 Limit, hudd, bunna, surhudd. 
 
 Limp (to), lungarke toorna. 
 
 Linchpin, pinunee, duk. 
 
 Line, dor, sutr pal, pal dupal. 
 
 Of string. Of a book. Of men. 
 
 Lineal, jat, buns da. 
 
 Linendraper, bujjaj. [marna. 
 
 Linger (to), der kurnee, soostee kurnee, 2 munopy ke 
 
 Before death. 
 
 Lingo, bolee, juban, luvz. 
 
 Linguist, bolee, bolun wala. 
 
 Lining, undrus. 
 
 Link, sungulee. 
 
 Link (to), sungulee poune, koondee pusounee. 
 
LIO ( 166 ) LOO 
 
 Lion, b hoora sher. 
 
 Lip, bool, ont h. 
 
 Liquify (to), galna dhalna. 
 
 Liquidate (to), la dena. 
 
 Liquor, shurab, daroo, mudd. 
 
 Lisp (to), thut huk ke koona, lootura bolna. 
 
 List, bunist. [kurna. 
 
 Listen (to), soonna, kun kurna, birik lenee, kun brika 
 
 Listless, soost, dhilla, jilla. 
 
 Literal, t heek bu t.heek, huqq, such. 
 
 Literature, ilm, vidya. 
 
 Litigation, j hanj ha, j hugra, roula. 
 
 Litter, doolee munja. 
 
 Litter, kuttoore, buloonge. 
 
 Of dogs. Of Cats. 
 
 Little, t hora. 
 
 Live, (to), jeeona. 
 
 Livelihood, roj gar, rojeenu, r5jee. 
 
 Liveliness, khooshee, sookhee. 
 
 Liver, jigura, kulega. 
 
 Livid, odurya hoya, moordu han, wurtee hooee. 
 
 Living, jeenda, jagda. 
 
 Lizard, kor kirlee, kirla. 
 
 Lo, vekho. 
 
 Load, b,har. 
 
 Load (to), b bar louna. 
 
 Loan, qurz. 
 
 Loathe (to), koura munna, koo riittun kurnee. 
 
 Local, mooqamee, usthut. 
 
 Lock, jundra. 
 
 Locust, tiddee, arun, mukree. 
 
 Lofty, oocha. 
 
 Log, mochee, lukree da dukra. 
 
 Loin, kumr, luk. 
 
 Loiter (to), cher louna, der lounee. 
 
 Lone, ukula, ukul mokula. 
 
 Long, lumma. 
 
 Long (to), chaona lor kurnee. 
 
 Longevity, wudee oomr wala, booda. 
 
 Long-winded, wude dum wala, be hounk, be g,huruk. 
 
 Look (to), vekhna, disna. 
 
LOO ( 167 ) LUN 
 
 Looking-glass, durpun seesa. 
 
 Loom, churkha, churkuree, koocli md. 
 
 Loop, ghoondee. 
 
 Loophole, moree, morcliu. 
 
 Loose, mokula, k hola. 
 
 Loosen (to), mokula kurna, ch hud dena. 
 
 Lop (to), wud sitna. 
 
 Loquacious, bookwa. 
 
 Lord, malik, muharaj. 
 
 Lore, ilm, vidya, bood h. 
 
 Lose (to), guwaj jana, kho jana. 
 
 Loss, nooshqan Jan. 
 
 Lot, quismut, nuseet, bhag, lek h. 
 
 Loud, oochee, awaj, chung. 
 
 Love (to), chaona, sundeo kurna. 
 
 Lounge (to), cher louna, der lounee. 
 
 Louse, ioon leekh dhukh. 
 
 ' O III 
 
 Lout, guwar unaree koond,h. 
 
 Low, heth, hut han, neewa. 
 
 Low (to), urouna burukh marnee. 
 
 Lowlands, newee jumeen roee, dhun kuran. 
 
 Lowliness, ghureebee, useelee, huleemee. 
 
 Low-spirited, oodas, humsosee, sogee. 
 
 Loyalty, nimuk hulalee. 
 
 Lubricate (to), cheekuna kurna, mulna. 
 
 Lucid, lishkuda, j hulukda, oojagur. 
 
 Clean. 
 
 Luck, qismut, bhag, lek h. 
 Lucre, lub,h. 
 
 Ludicrous, husan wurga, haso hanna. 
 Lug (to), khechunna. 
 Luggage, velewa, niksook. 
 Lukewarm, dood wurga gurm. 
 Lull (to), thapur dena, suwal dena. 
 Lumber, niksook da ukut h. 
 Luminous, lishkuda, j hulukda. 
 Lump, mikr dulee, kooja, tikkee. 
 
 Of any thing. Of sugar. Of chalk. 
 
 Lunacy, kumul poona, baol poona. 
 
 Lunar, chund da. 
 
 Lungs, sungee, hek dee nalee, dum da rah. 
 
LUR ( 168 ) MAK 
 
 Lure (to), pulosna, wudeeouna, virchouna. 
 
 Lurkingplace, shouwale jugeh. 
 
 Luscious, mitha, rusdar. 
 
 Lust, kamee, rundee bajee. 
 
 Lustiness, muj bootee, tukraee, sukhtahee. 
 
 Lustre, j huluk, lesk h, chumpk. 
 
 Luxuriance, wudee pydaish, fusul da lioya. 
 
 Luxurious, sookhya, aramee. 
 
 Lying, j hootha, 2 letya hoya. 
 
 Lynx, chitura. 
 
 M. 
 
 Mace, chob bog, 2 musalah. 
 
 Staff. Spice. 
 
 Machination, koo sulahee. 
 
 Mad, baola, kumula. 
 
 Made, bunya hoya, keeta hoya. 
 
 Madman, kumula, baola admee. 
 
 Madness, kumul poona. 
 
 Magazine, mek hjeen sile khanu. 
 
 Maggot, keera mulup. 
 
 Magician, muntree, jadoogur, sirhutta. 
 
 Magistrate, hakim. 
 
 Magnanimity, housilee, boorepa. 
 
 Magnificence, buhoot sona. 
 
 Magnify (to), vudouna, vudee kurna. 
 
 Maid, kooar, kunya. 
 
 Maidservant, golee, tuelun. 
 
 Majesty, muharaj. 
 
 Mail, hurdasan wala thuela, khut purwane wala thuela. 
 
 Maim (to), lungouna. 
 
 Main, kool koolan, 2 sumoondur. 
 
 The sea. 
 
 Mainmast, d huja. 
 
 Maintain (to), palna, rijuk dena, 2 ak,hna dusna. 
 
 Support. 
 
 Maintenance, rojee rojeenu rojgar. 
 Maize, chhulee kookuree sitta. 
 Make (to), bunouna suwarna. 
 Makeweight, pasung. 
 
MAL ( 169 ) MAR 
 
 Malady, rog beramee munohan. 
 
 Male, murdanu 
 
 Maladministration, be umulee. 
 
 Malcontent, be rajee. 
 
 Malediction, sraf d hurna. 
 
 Malefactor, budkar, ugur. 
 
 Malpractice, be chal, koochal, be tour. 
 
 Malevolent, munda chaun wala, boora munun wala. 
 
 Malice, shureeka, ukus, killish. 
 
 Malign (to), ooj b lounee, toolimut lounee. 
 
 Malleable, tukun wala, ghurun wala, kooturun wala. 
 
 Maltreat (to), be sulookee kurne, ma k hwaree kumee. 
 
 Man, munook,b, admee. 
 
 Manacle, hut houreean. 
 
 Manage (to), kum torna, suwarna. 
 
 Mandate, hookm. 
 
 Mane, jat. 
 
 Manful, soormutee, dileree. 
 
 Mange, k horuk, pa. 
 
 Mango, umb. 
 
 Manhood, ghubroo, juwan. 
 
 Maniac, baola, kumla. 
 
 Manifest, oojagur jahir. 
 
 Manifold, buhooteeon buhoota, utli buhoota. 
 
 Mankind, Jdiilqut, doonya. 
 
 Manner, tour, dhub, kutar. 
 
 Manners, dhub toe chal. 
 
 Manslaughter, bhool booelk he da klioonee. 
 
 Manual, hut,h da. 
 
 Manufacture, huthanda bunya hoya. 
 
 Manure, reo, urooree, mul. 
 
 Many, buhoota. 
 
 Manytimes. kyee varee. 
 
 Mar (to), vigarna noosqan or jan kurna. 
 
 Marauder, lootera d harawee. 
 
 Marble, sunk murwur. 
 
 March, cheth. 
 
 Month of. 
 
 March (to), kooch kurna, toor jana. 
 
 Mare, g horee. 
 
 Marginal, kunda, bunna, wut. 
 
 X 
 
MAR ( 170 ) ME A 
 
 Maratime, sumoondur da verwar. 
 
 Mark, nishan. 
 
 Mark (to), nishanee kurnee, 2 yad ruk hiia, cheta ruklina. 
 
 To mind. To observe. 
 
 Market, bajar, mundee, pet. 
 
 Marksman, nishanu marun wala. 
 
 Marriage, veeah. 
 
 Marriageble, veeah wurga. 
 
 Marrow, jilub, liuddee dee les. 
 
 Marshy, chekor jiha, gara jiha, jil jihee. 
 
 Mart, bajar, mundee, pet. 
 
 Marvel (to), uchuruj kurna. 
 
 Masculine, murdanu. 
 
 Mask, moonh da dhukna, g hoond. 
 
 Mason, raj. 
 
 Mass, dher, bol. 
 
 Massive, b.haree jiha, uth b hara, gittee. 
 
 Mast, dhuj, t hum. 
 
 Master, malik, hakim. 
 
 Masterpiece, subna nalon sone or unoop. 
 
 Masticate (to), buchake marna. 
 
 Mat, suf chutaee p hooree. 
 
 Match, jora. 
 
 Suit, equal. 
 
 Match (to), joree dee joree, bunounee. 
 
 Mate, hitkaree. 
 
 Materials, sreejam sooroojam. 
 
 Maternal, madee. 
 
 Matrimony, veeah da. 
 
 Matter, babut pak. 
 
 Affirm. Pus. 
 
 Mattock, kyhee, wuhoulee, koonalee. 
 
 Matrass, bichouna. 
 
 Mature, pukka. 
 
 Maul (to), buhoota kootna. 
 
 Maxim, urth. 
 
 Maximum, subna t hon wuda. 
 
 Me, sanoon, muenoon. 
 
 Meager, lisa, mara. 
 
 Meal, ata. 
 
 Mean, kumeen pajee, hut,haroo, kungal. 
 
 Meaning, urth, gyan. 
 
MEA ( 171 ) MET 
 
 Meantime, itne vich, itna cher. 
 
 Measure (to), menhna napna, harna mechna. 
 
 Measureless, unmenhut, be liar. 
 
 Meat, mas mulia presad. 
 
 Mechanic, kareegur, hikmutee. 
 
 Medal, tughma. 
 
 Meddle (to), oulo kurnee, 2 oulohara. 
 
 A meddler. 
 
 Meditate (to), munouna, purchouna. 
 
 Medicine, duwa, doshandee. 
 
 Mediocrity, rusmee, rasee. 
 
 Meditate (to), vichar kurnee, soch kurnee. 
 
 Meek, ghureeb, useel, huleem, ruseel. 
 
 Meet, joga, wurga, laeq jiha. 
 
 Meet (to), milna, milap kurna. 
 
 Melancholy, oodasee sogee, h6 hagee. 
 
 Mellow, moolaem, pukka. 
 
 Melodious, buhoot sona goun or rag. [eeru 
 
 Melon, khuchura, khurbooja, turbooja, hudwanu, mut- 
 
 Melt (to), dhalna, gulna. 
 
 Member, lut, tung. 
 
 Memory, yad cheta. 
 
 Menace (to), durouna, kumbouna. 
 
 Mend, murumut kurna, suwar dena, buna dena. 
 
 Mendicant, mungta, suwalee. 
 
 Menial, tueleea. 
 
 Menstrual, ritounee, kupre oune, nuhounee ounce. 
 
 Mental, uql de, munon kurke. 
 
 Mention, jikr, dusna. 
 
 Mercer, bujjaj. 
 
 Merchant, buepar, soudagur. 
 
 Merciful, huteemee, ruhm atma, dyawunt. 
 
 Mercy, ruhm, atma, dya. 
 
 Mere, sirf Jdialee. 
 
 Merit, goon, qudr. 
 
 Merrily, sookh nal. 
 
 Mesh, jal vichon kudhna. 
 
 Message, suneha sunna. 
 
 Messenger, hulkara, kasht. 
 
 Messmate, hitkaree, mitr. 
 
 Metal, dhat da. 
 
MET ( 172 ) MIS 
 
 Mete (to), meiihna wiindunna. 
 
 Methinks, muenoon, miiloom, hoonda hore. 
 
 Method, dhub, wadee. 
 
 Mettle, trikka, tej. 
 
 Mice, choohe. 
 
 Midday, do pyhur, tikhur. 
 
 Middle, vich, do vich, gubbe sun. 
 
 Midnight, udhee rat. 
 
 Midstream, hudd vich da hur. 
 
 Midway, hudd vich gubbe. 
 
 Midwife, daee. 
 
 Mighty, bulee hunkaree. 
 
 Migrate (to), oot h jana, oojur jana, 2 oodh jana. 
 
 As men. As birds. 
 
 Mild, huleem, ruseel. 
 Mile, ud h koh. 
 Military, jungee. 
 Milk, dood, goojoor dodee. 
 
 Milk man. 
 
 Milk (to), dood chona. 
 
 Milkwhite, dood jiha chitta. 
 
 Mill, chukkee, k hras, g horat, ghorut. 
 
 Million, krore. 
 
 Mind (to), dukre dukre kurne, botee botee kurnee. 
 
 Mind, uql, mun. 
 
 Mindful, hoshiar tukra. 
 
 Mine, sada, 2 khan k hawa. 
 
 My. As of gold, silver, &c. 
 
 Miner, khawa pootun wala. 
 
 Mingle (to), rul jana, milouna. 
 
 Minister, doot wukeel. 
 
 Minor, chhota. 
 
 Mint, tungsal. 
 
 Minute, pul ruttee, tusoo. 
 
 Minutely, theek bu theek, huqq, such. 
 
 Miracle, kurmat. 
 
 Mire, chekor gara muel. 
 
 Mirth, anund khooshee. 
 
 Misadventure, ek ufat. 
 
 Misadvise (to), koo sulah denee. 
 
 Misapply (to), be urt.ha, khurch kurna. 
 
MIS ( 173 ) MIS 
 
 Misapprehend (to), be muloom kurna, b hool jana. 
 Misbehave (to), koo chal chahia. 
 Misbelief, be khee, jootha dhurm wala. 
 Miscal (to), hor nao, d hurna. 
 Miscalculate (to), be husab kurna. 
 Miscarry (to), un pochna. 
 
 From puhoonclina. 
 
 Mischance, ufat, be nuseeb. 
 
 Mischief, noosqan, Jan. 
 
 Mischievous, nooshqaneej,anee. 
 
 Misconduct, koo chal, koo ryhut. 
 
 Misconstrue (to), be sumuj hna. 
 
 Miscount, gintee dee b hool. 
 
 Miscreant, uguree, budjat, khotah. 
 
 Misdeed, budfailee, koo kurmee. 
 
 Misdemean (to), koo chal chulna. 
 
 Misdirect, b hoola dena. 
 
 Misdoer, uguree, budkar, budfailee. 
 
 Misemploy (to), koo kar kurnee, ni kumee kar. 
 
 Miser, mujee, soom, cheepur, made. 
 
 Misery, dookh, peer, sunkut. 
 
 Misfortune, afat, bula. 
 
 Misgive (to), undeshu, ootput bona. 
 
 Misgovernment, bud unulee, be udalatee. 
 
 Misguide (to), bhoolouna. 
 
 Misinterpret (to), ugyan kurna, horda, horda dusna. 
 
 Misjudge, be fysila kurna, kooneao kurna. 
 
 Mislay (to), ru khke bhool jana, rukhke visur jana. 
 
 Mislead (to), b hoolouna, goomrahee kurna. 
 
 Misly, b hoar jihee, nime nime, kunyan jihyan. 
 
 Mismanage (to), kum virgarna. 
 
 Misname (to), hornao, dhurna. 
 
 Misplace (to), rukh ke visur jana, or bhool jana. 
 
 Misprint, chap he dee b hool. 
 
 Misreckon (to), lek he vichon, b hool jana. 
 
 Misrule, bud umul kurna, koo udalut kurnee. 
 
 Misshape, koosona, kooroop. 
 
 Missile, vurgartee marne wala. 
 
 Mission, wukeel g.hulya hoya. 
 
 Misspend (to), be na huqq, khurch kurna. 
 
 Mist, d^hoond d,hoor. 
 
MIS ( 174 ) MON 
 
 Mistake, bhool, visur. 
 
 Mistell (to), koodusna, wud g.hat dusna. 
 
 Mistress, mushooq, j hurola tjiurel. 
 
 Mistrust (to), be wusa kurna. 
 
 Misunderstanding, un sunj hna. 
 
 Misuse, hordoon, hor kurna. 
 
 Mitigate, munouna, dookh hutouna. 
 
 Mix (to), rulouna, milouna. 
 
 Moan, hou kar lena. 
 
 Mob, bheer, dulee murnee, dhukm dhukee. 
 
 Mock (to), thutlia kurna, sung louna, muk houl kurna, 
 moonh kurouna. 
 
 Mode, turan, dhub, qutta. 
 
 Model, numoonu vurga, soorut dee moorut. 
 
 Moderate, vichulee rasee. 
 
 Moderation, dheeruj, syhuj, soobbao, jera. 
 
 Modern, nuwa. 
 
 Modest, sutwunt lujeeawunt. 
 
 Modify, doul wutounee. 
 
 Moiety, ik o hissu, udh o udha. 
 
 Moist, gillee silee. 
 
 Molehill, choolie ker. 
 
 Molest (to), suntouna, dookh dena. 
 
 Molient, moolaem wurga, nurm jiha. 
 
 Molasses, goor. 
 
 Moment, pul, ruttee, tusoo. 
 
 Momentous, juroor, jurooran, burjuroor. 
 
 Monarch, badshah, raja. 
 
 Monarchy, raj. 
 
 Monday, somwar. 
 
 Money, rok roopiye. 
 
 Monger, wala. 
 
 Monitor, sulahgeer, mnt dene wala. 
 
 Monk, bunbasee, uteet, tupusee. 
 
 Monkey, nul, neel, bandee syna ludda, lunddoo soondur. 
 
 Monopolist, jukeera, rukhun wala, kliatir napne wala. 
 
 Monotony, eko jiha, humeshugee. 
 
 Monsoon, mouqu wutna, bursat, wurk ha. 
 
 Monster, rakhus, dynt, usur. 
 
 Month, muheena. 
 
 Monthly, muheenon, muheena. 
 
MOO ( 175 ) MOU 
 
 Mood, uhwal, hal, doul. 
 Moon, chund. 
 
 Moonbeam, chunddeean kirna. 
 Moonlight chunddee chanunee. 
 Moonstruck, chanunee da marya. 
 Moor (to), lounee lugounee. 
 Moot (to), bhysna, jidna. 
 
 Argue. 
 
 Mope (to), oodas bona, chinta kurnee. 
 
 Morals, tour, doul. 
 
 Morass, chikor, gara. 
 
 Morbid, rogee, beramee. 
 
 More, hor, jeeadu, buhoota. 
 
 Moreover, edon sugon, ede nalon, t,hon suwa. 
 
 Morning, ehalange suvere, umrit vele, musojure, laalee 
 
 pheree hooee. 
 Morning-star, ooshan da tara. 
 Morose, trikkee mijaj, kururree mujaj. 
 Morrow, bhulke. 
 
 Morsel, dukra, tookra, chiring, boorke. 
 Mortal, kbilkut da admee. 
 Mortally, kurrura phut, dada ghao. 
 Mortar, karundee choopatlee. 
 Mortgage (to), ghaine ruk hna. 
 Mortification, chulya hoya. 
 Most, uksur, buhoota. 
 Moth, tetoulee, tutoulee. 
 Motheaten, tutoulee, khadee hooee. 
 Mother, ma mata, umma. 
 Motherless, bema, kulountur muhitr. 
 Motion, hilda, phirda. 
 Motive, mutubul, ichha, asa. 
 Move, (to), hilna, phirna, chulna, toorna. 
 Mould, suchha punja. 
 Mound, tibba. 
 Mount (to), churh jana. 
 Mountain, purbut. 
 Mountaneer, puharya. 
 Mourn (to), houl kurna, humsos kurna. 
 Mouse, chooha, moosa. 
 Mouse-trap, koorikee choohehan, dee phyee. 
 
MOU ( 176 ) MUZ 
 
 Mouth, moonh. 
 
 Much, buhoota, ghuna. 
 
 Muck, myl, urooree reo. 
 
 Muck-hill, urooree da dher, reo da dher. 
 
 Mucous, seend jelub,. 
 
 Mud, chekor gara, g hanee, jilun. 
 
 Mud-wall, mittee dee kund. 
 
 Mulberry, shutoot be danee. 
 
 Mulet, chuttee chuttee lounee. 
 
 To fine. 
 
 Mule, khuchchur, khuchura. 
 
 Multifarious, buhooteon, buhoota, uth buhoota. 
 
 Multiply (to), budhouna, wudhouna, wada kurna. 
 
 Multitude, bheer, dulee, murnnee, dhukeem dhuke. 
 
 Mumble (to), goon goon kurna, min min kurna. 
 
 Mundane, doonya daree. 
 
 Munificence, data dee dittaee, sukhataee,. 
 
 Murder (to), mar sootna. 
 
 Murderer, khoonee, ghatee. 
 
 Murmer (to), vis vis ouna. 
 
 Murrain, muree, buwa. 
 
 Muscle, nar nus. 
 
 Mushroom, buhera, khoomb. 
 
 Music, rag, geet. 
 
 Musk, mooshq. 
 
 Musket, budooq. 
 
 Musketeer, budooqchee. 
 
 Muskmelon, khurbooju, khuchura. 
 
 Muslin, mulmul. 
 
 Mustachoes, mochhan. 
 
 Mustard, race. 
 
 Muster (to), gintee lenee. 
 
 Musty, mooshqee hooee, oboosee hooee. 
 
 Mutable, wutta jiha. 
 
 Mutilate (to), koot sootna. 
 
 Mutineer, dunga kurun wala, dungaee. 
 
 Mutiny, dunga, fusad. 
 
 Mutter (to), goon goon kurna, min min kurna. 
 
 Mutton, bhed da mas. 
 
 Mutual, apo vich dee. 
 
 Muzzle, chek.ha chek,ha dena. 
 
MYS ( 177 ) NEA 
 
 Myself, muen han. 
 
 Mystery, bhet h rung dee gul. 
 
 Mythology, kuhanee dee bat. 
 
 N. 
 
 Nab (to), wusa ke phurna, dum deke phurna. 
 
 Nag, ghora. 
 
 Nail, na on, killa killee. 
 
 Of the fingers. An iron nail. 
 
 Naked, nunga. 
 
 Name, nao. 
 
 Nameless, benao. 
 
 Namely, janon. 
 
 Namesake, ikse nao de, ikkut he nao wala, sirnawee. 
 
 Nap, oongh vich, oongulanda. 
 
 Nape, g hee chee. 
 
 Joint of the neck. 
 
 Narration, verwar, uhwal. 
 
 Narrator, dusun wala. 
 
 Narrow, bheera, tung. 
 
 Narrowminded, soom dila, kumeen. 
 
 Nasal, nuk, da. 
 
 Nasty, muela. 
 
 Natal, junum sakee. 
 
 Nation, des. 
 
 National, desee. 
 
 Native, wutunee. 
 
 Nativity, junnm pydaish. 
 
 Natural, jatee. 
 
 Nature, jat. 
 
 Naval, d,hoonnee. 
 
 Nave, manee, guUa. 
 
 The middle part of a wheel. 
 
 Naught, kooch nuheen. 
 
 Naughty, boora, vuran, mara munda. 
 
 Navigate (to), juhaj oote toorna. 
 
 Nausea, tulo muchhee, obut ounee. 
 
 Navy, poor. 
 
 Nay {adv,), naheen. 
 
 Near, kol, pas, mood, lage, lug. 
 
 Nearly, t hore rehee hooee. 
 
NEA ( 178 ) NIM 
 
 Neatly, sona kurke, soonape nal. 
 
 Neatness, soimee nal, sonape nal. 
 
 Necessaries, juroor dee cheezan. 
 
 Necessary, loree da, juroor, jurooran. 
 
 Necessity, juroor kurke, 2 tunksaee huth, tungee. 
 
 Poverty. 
 
 Neck, dhaon, gurdun. 
 
 Necklace, mala, kunthee. 
 
 Needful, loree da. 
 
 Needle, sooee. 
 
 Needless, be juroor. 
 
 Needy, tung jiha, huth tungee. 
 
 Neglect (to), ghafilee kurnee. 
 
 Negligence, soostee, ghafilee, d hilaee. 
 
 Negociate (to), kum kurna, soudaguree kurna. 
 
 Neigh (to), hinukna. 
 
 Neighbour, quwandee, purosee. 
 
 Neither, nu, ehe, nu, oho. 
 
 Nephew, b,huteeju, bhunewa, bhanja. 
 
 Brother's child. Sister's child. 
 
 Nest, alna. 
 
 Net, jal, jalde vich phusna. 
 
 To net. 
 
 Never, kudhe naheen. 
 
 Nevertheless, tan bee. 
 
 New, nuwa. 
 
 Newgrown, nuwan oogya hoya. 
 
 Newness, tajuee. 
 
 News, khubur, so. 
 
 Next, dooje pas te. 
 
 Nibble (to), kooturna. 
 
 Nice, sonee chungee. 
 
 Niche, ala. 
 
 Nick (to), wuda pouna, chiturna. 
 
 Niece, b hutee, bhunewee, b hanjee. 
 
 Brother's child. Sister's child. 
 
 Niggard, mujee soompuna. 
 
 Nigh, kol, pas, mood. 
 
 Night, rat. 
 
 Nightly, rat o rat. 
 
 Nightwatch, rat da pyhra. 
 
 Nimble, chalak, choost, chutra chola. 
 
NIN ( 179 ) NOU 
 
 Nineteen, oonee. 
 
 Ninety, nubbe. 
 
 Nip (to), choondee, wudunee. 
 
 Nipple, choonehee, boobee, bend. 
 
 Nitre, shora. 
 
 No, naheen. 
 
 Noble, useel wuda admee. 
 
 Grandee. 
 
 Nobly, soormut nal. 
 
 Nobody, koee nuheen. 
 
 Nocturnal, rat da. 
 
 Nod (to), synut kurnee. 
 
 Noise, khuruk. 
 
 Noisy, khuruk jiha, kbarkoo. 
 
 Nominal, nam, namdee. 
 
 Nonappearance, ghair, hajiree. 
 
 Nonexistence, renda or jeenda naheen. 
 
 Nonsense, nadan poona. 
 
 Nonsuit, be dawu. 
 
 Nook, khoonj, ghoot, nookur, khulh. 
 
 Noon, do pyhur. 
 
 Noonday, do pjhur da din. 
 
 Noose, phaee. 
 
 Nor, nu. 
 
 North, oottur. 
 
 North-star, oottur de wul da tara. 
 
 North-wind, oottur dee wao. 
 
 Nose, nuk. 
 
 Nostril, nas. 
 
 Not, naheen. 
 
 Notable, mushahoor, oojagur, jahir. 
 
 Notch, tukee hooee, chituree hooee. 
 
 Nothing, kooch nuheen. 
 
 Notice, khubur. 
 
 Notify (to), chitana, khubur denee, muloomgee kurnee. 
 
 Notorious, mushahoor. 
 
 Notwithstanding, tan bee. 
 
 Novel, nuwa. 
 
 November, mugur. 
 
 Novice, nuwa. 
 
 Nourish (to), palna. 
 
NOW ( 180 ) OBS 
 
 Now, hoone hee. 
 
 Nowadays, uj kul. 
 
 Nowhere, kitthe naheen, kidere nuheen. 
 
 Noxious, nooshqanee janee. 
 
 Nudity, nungaee. 
 
 Nuisance, tungsaee, ookhyaee, sunk hut. 
 
 Null (to), sukna kurna. 
 
 Numb, sun hooee. 
 
 Number, ung. 
 
 Numberless, unginut. 
 
 Numerable, ginnun joga. 
 
 Nuptial, veeah da. 
 
 Nurse, daee. 
 
 Nurture (to), palna. 
 
 Nutmeg, japhul. 
 
 Nutriment, nuroha anaj. 
 
 O. 
 
 Oar, chupur ehupur lounee. 
 
 To row. 
 
 Oath, soun, soogund, nem, qusum. 
 
 Oath-breaking, j hoot hee soogund. 
 
 Obdurate, kururra dil, be ruhm, be dya, kurukht dil. 
 
 Obedience, tabe geeree. [futteh boolounee. 
 
 Obeisance (vide abaisance), mut ha tek hna, nimushkar. 
 
 Obelisk, moonare, boorj. 
 
 Obey (to), hookm munna. 
 
 Object, mutubul, mutalub. 
 
 Intention. 
 
 Oblation, churhawa, sookhna, bul bhuk, bhent. 
 Obligation, uhsanwunda, huqq hulal. 
 
 A duty. 
 
 Oblige (to), uhsan kurna. 
 Oblique, tedha, vinga, trich,ha. 
 Obliterate, met hna, mesna. 
 Oblivion, cheta visurya hoya, visur janda. 
 Obloquy, namoshee, oolama, kulunk. 
 Obnoxious, mara jiha, vuran jiha. 
 Obscene, be luj, be shurm, be hya. 
 Obscure, undhera, goobaree, 2 oukhur. 
 
 Difficult. 
 
OBS ( 181 ) OFF 
 
 Obsequious, kajee poona. 
 Observable, oojagur, mushahoor. 
 
 Remarkable, noted. 
 
 Observant, tukra hoshear. 
 
 Attentive, diligent. 
 
 Observe (to), vekhna. 
 Obsolete, kud,he, kudhaeen, oune wala. 
 Obstacle, kuthin, oukhur. 
 Obstinate, jidya, uree k hora. 
 
 As a man. As an animal. 
 
 Obstruct (to), rok jana, utkao pyna. 
 Obtain (to), lab.hna paona, huthouna. 
 Obtrude (to), be huqq ouna, be sudya ouna. 
 Obtuse, kboondee, motee. 
 
 Blunt, not pointed. 
 
 Obviate (to), huta dena, hutuk dena. 
 
 Obvious, saf oojagur, jabir. 
 
 Occasion, himmut, dao. 
 
 Occult, looqaya lioya, chipaya hoya. 
 
 Occupant, rehun wala, ghur da walee. 
 
 Occupy (to), rehna, tikna. 
 
 Occur (to), bojana. 
 
 Ocean, sumoondur. 
 
 October, kutte, kuttuk. 
 
 Ocular, uk hee nal. 
 
 Odd, tank, jist-tank. 
 
 Odd or even. 
 
 Oddly, tank da, 2 uchuruj kurke. 
 
 Strangely. 
 
 Odious, koura jiha. 
 
 Odour, mooshk khooshbo. 
 
 (Economy, joogutee. 
 
 Of, da, de, dee. 
 
 Off, te, on, t hon. 
 
 Offal, andur peta, ojuree koora war a. 
 
 Entrails. 
 
 Offence, tuqseer, goonah. 
 
 Offend (to), goonahee kurna, tuqseeree kurna, be Jkhoosh 
 
 kurna, naraj kurna. 
 Offender, goonahgar, tuqseeree, goonahee. 
 Offer (to), dena, najur denee, bhet denee. 
 Offering, nujur. 
 
OFF ( 182 ) OPP 
 
 Office, kum, duftur khanee. 
 
 Employment. For business. 
 
 Officer, sunud wala, sirdar. 
 
 Officiate (to), horus dee kar kurnee. 
 
 Officious, pooch o nikkee da ^halree, oulo hut ha. 
 
 Offscouring, rehun, khoond koora wara, ulpul. 
 
 Offspring, oulad, uns. 
 
 Often, buhoote varee. 
 
 Ogle (to), tedhee ukheen vekhna, trichha vekhna. 
 
 Oil, tel. 
 
 Oilman, telee. 
 
 Ointment, mulhum. 
 
 Old, olden, pooratumee, moodamee. 
 
 Omen, sugon, sugma. 
 
 Omission, b hool, visur, ghafilee. 
 
 Omit, chhud denee, odon huth jana. 
 
 Omnipotence, kool koolan, qoodruttee. 
 
 Omnipresence, kurun karun, soomurut. 
 
 Omniscience, janee Jan. 
 
 On, oote. 
 
 Once, ik varee. 
 
 One-eyed, kana. 
 
 Onion, gunda. 
 
 Only, srif, khalee, subo. 
 
 Onset, bulla. 
 
 Onward, ugan wudke. 
 
 Ooze (to), toobkee toobkee chona, turup h turrp h chona. 
 
 Opaque, garha, goobar. 
 
 Open (to), kholunna, pholunna. 
 
 Openhanded sukhee data, dittar. 
 
 Openhearted, dya wala, suchya. 
 
 Operate (to), kum kurna. 
 
 Operation, kum. 
 
 Opine (to), sumj hna, muloom kurna. 
 
 Opinion, sumj h, uql. 
 
 Opium, sookha, b hung, bootee. 
 
 Opponent, vyree, dooshmun sutroo. 
 
 Opportune, chunge vela, hour pyna. 
 
 Opportunity, wuqt vela, huth lugna. 
 
 Oppose (to), mooqabula kurna, samhne bona. 
 
 Opposite, anio samhne. 
 
opp ( 183 ) OVE 
 
 Oppress (to), joolm kurna, suntouna. 
 
 Oppressor, suntoun wala, joolm kurun wala. 
 
 Opprobrium, namoshee. 
 
 Option, uklitiyar, wus, vus. 
 
 Opulence, doulut, maya> dhun. 
 
 Or, Jan. 
 
 Oral, moonli nal, dusya hoya. 
 
 Orange, narungee. 
 
 Oration, hoqa, shuruh, soonounda. 
 
 Orb, mundul, chukur. 
 
 Ordain (to), thurouna. 
 
 Order, hookm. 
 
 Ordinarily, uge tan, uksur. 
 
 Ordnance, top khanu, topan da ukuth, topan dee mun- 
 
 dulee or du koree. 
 Ordure, urooree, rooree, dee d heree. 
 Ore, dhat, rule mylya hoya. 
 Orient, poorub da. 
 Orifice, moonh, mokula. 
 Origin, moonyad, usul, mood. 
 
 Beginning, Source, as of a river. 
 
 Original, usul da usul, mood da mood. 
 
 Primitive. Source. 
 
 Originate (to), moodon bona, mood o shona. 
 Ornament (to), suwarna, bunouna, soj. 
 
 An ornament. 
 
 Orphan, mihitr, mape bahur. 
 
 Orthography, likhut, gooje ukhur. 
 
 Ossify (to), hudde jana. 
 
 Ostentation, phylao, 2 uguree. 
 
 Ostler, ghore da tueleea. 
 
 Other, hor, dooja. 
 
 Otherwise, nuheen tan. 
 
 Oval, lummee gol. 
 
 Oven, tundoor. 
 
 Over-anxious, buhoote t hon, buhootee chinta, u th chinta. 
 
 Over-balance, jhookee t hon, j hookee, utji j hookee. 
 
 Over-bear (to), durouna. 
 
 Over-board, bereeon bahur. 
 
 Over-boil (to), nikulun wal oobal, kurrura oobal. 
 
 Over-bold, diler nalon diler, hatha diler. [ludna. 
 
 Over-burden (to), buhoota bhar ludna, uth buhoota 
 
OVE ( 184 ) OVE 
 
 Over-cloud (to), budul churli jana. 
 
 Overcome (to), jitna. 
 
 Over-count (to), vudeek ginna, buhoota ginna. 
 
 Over-do (to), kum buhoote thon, buhoota kurna, uth 
 
 buhoota kurna. 
 Over-drive (to), buhoote nalon, buhoota hukna. 
 Over-feed (to), buhoot buhoota khowahia, oojera dena. 
 Over-flow (to), oochhul jana. 
 Over-grow (to), buhoot buhoot wud jana. 
 Over-hang (to), lumma lutkouna. 
 Over-head, siran oot.hhan. 
 
 Over-hear (to), looqke soonna. [dena. 
 
 Over-heat (to), buhoote t hon, buhoota tutta kurna, tuppa 
 Over-lade (to), buhoote se buhoota, bhar pouna. 
 Overlong, buhoote thon, buhoot cheer louna. [vekhee. 
 Overlook (to), ch.himma kurnee, ruchha kurna, 2 vekha 
 
 To forgive. 
 
 Overmatch, hanon, koohan, behanee. 
 
 Overmuch, buhoote thon buhoota. 
 
 Overpay (to), buhoote thon, buhoota dena. 
 
 Overplus, renda, vudeek. 
 
 Overpower (to), jitna. 
 
 Overrate (to), bahoote malon, buhootee qeemut kurnee. 
 
 Overreach (to), thugouna, ghoosouna, ukhouna. 
 
 To cheat, deceive. 
 
 Overroast (to), buhooteon, buhoota rindna or galna. 
 Overrule (to), tal dena, huta dena. 
 Overrun (to), khinde hoe nalon, khind jana. 
 
 Or spread. As an enenij. 
 
 Oversee (to), nujur bajee kurnee. 
 
 Overset (to), ooludna, pooludna. 
 
 Overshadow (to), shanw kurnee, ola kurna. 
 
 Overshoot (to), buhooteon buhoota wud jana. 
 
 Oversight, bhool, visar, okh. 
 
 Oversize, wude nalon okh. [ut hsona. 
 
 Oversleep (to), buhootee thon, buhootee neend, ounce 
 
 Oversoon, chetee nalon chetee, ut,h kalee. 
 
 Overspent, thuke nalon, thuka hoya, ut h mooka hoya. 
 
 Greatly wearied. 
 
 Overspread (to), veshouna, k hundouna. 
 Overstrain, okhur ke p,hurna. 
 
 Stretch, extend too far. 
 
avE ( 185 ) OUT 
 
 Overtake (to), chetee toorke miliia, bhujke milna. 
 
 Overthrow (to), oolud deiia, (leg dena. 
 
 Overlap (to), ooche nalon, oocha hona. 
 
 Overturn (to), upota, ooludna. 
 
 Overvalue, bulioota mol. 
 
 Overweight, tolon b hara. 
 
 Overwhelm (to), doobna, humsos kurke doobna. 
 
 Overworn, k hurra vigurya hoya. 
 
 Ought, loree dee. 
 
 Ounce, udhee chitank. 
 
 Our, sada. 
 
 Ourselves, apan, ussee. 
 
 Oust, kudhna. 
 
 Out, bahur. 
 
 Outbid (to), subna nalon, kururra gahuk. 
 
 Outbreak, hukamee, roulee, luraee. 
 
 Outcast, phahee, rudd kuluk. 
 
 Outcry, ghool, shor, awaj. 
 
 Outdo (to), horna nalon, buhoota kurna. 
 
 Outer, bahur lee wul, bahur le pase. 
 
 Outgrow (to), buhoota wudna. 
 
 Outguard, thunna, ugaree dee guard. 
 
 Outlandish, budesee. 
 
 Outlaw, des nikala, deson kudhya hoya. 
 
 Outleap (to), buhootee nalon, buhootee chhal marnee. 
 
 Outlet, bahur jan wale vee, moonha. 
 
 Of a river. 
 
 Outline, oodale dee leek. 
 
 Outlive, subna nalon, buhoota jeeona. 
 
 Outmarch (to), horna nalon, buhoota kooch kurna. 
 
 Outmeasure, menhtee nalon, buhoota menhna. 
 
 Outmost, subna t hon, bahur la. 
 
 Outnumber (to), subna thon, buhoota ginna. 
 
 Outpour (to), bahur noon wugna. 
 
 Outrage, hakama, dunga, roula. 
 
 Outrider, ugare, jan vichhare de uswar. 
 
 Outright, poora. 
 
 Outrun (to), horna nalon, buhoota bhujna. 
 
 Outside, bahur lee wul. 
 
 Outsleep, buhoote thon buhoota sounna, uth sona. 
 
 Outspread (to), k hundouna, p.hylouna. 
 
 z 
 
OUT ( 186 ) PAL 
 
 Outstrip (to), horna nalon, buhoota bujna. 
 Outward, bahur le pase. 
 Outwit, ghousouna, thugouna. 
 
 To cheat. Outdo by cunning. 
 
 Owe (to), qurzaee bona. 
 
 Owl, ooloo. 
 
 Own, apna. 
 
 Own (to), apna mihia. 
 
 Ox^ bould. 
 
 Pace, qudum. 
 
 Pacific, huleem, ruseel. 
 
 Pacify (to), munouna. 
 
 Pack (to), pund bununee. 
 
 Packcloth, tupoor, tupree. 
 
 Packet, potulee, guthree. 
 
 Packthread, dor, dora. 
 
 Paddle (to), churyan, marnyan. 
 
 Padlock, jundra. 
 
 Page, putra. 
 
 Pageantry, dhoom dham. 
 
 Paid, de ditta, de shudya lah, ditta. 
 
 Pail (a), tubaq. 
 
 Wooden vessel for water. 
 Pain, dookh peer, durd. 
 Pain (to), peer honee. 
 Painstaking, meenut kar. 
 
 From mihnut. 
 
 Paint (to), rungna. 
 
 Painter, rung wala. 
 
 Pair, joree. 
 
 Pair (a), joree dee joree, melna. 
 
 Palace, myhul. 
 
 Palanquin, palkee. 
 
 Palatable, chakun jiha. 
 
 Palate, taloo. [hoya. 
 
 Pale, odurya hoya, moordehan koomlana hoya, sokhya 
 
 Wanting color. 
 
 Pale (to), kath dee war kurnee, kirah bununna. 
 Pale-faced, odurya hoya moonh. 
 
PAL ( 187 ) PAR 
 
 Palliate (to), liumiah kurnee. 
 Palm, huthalee. 
 Palpable, oojagur, jahir. 
 
 Plain, apparent. 
 
 Palpitate (to), d hurukna. 
 Palsy, hud rung j hola. 
 Paltry, nikuma, nikara. 
 Pamper (to), swad nal khan a. 
 Pander (to), bhetoo poona kurna. 
 Pane, sheeshu. 
 Panegyric, sulounee. 
 Pang, rinj, tung. 
 
 Of regret, Of pain. 
 
 Panic, ghum, houl, dur. 
 
 Pannier, phule, sirke. 
 
 Pant (to), hunkunna, ghurukna. 
 
 Pappy, pila jiha. 
 
 Parade, quwaid, dhoom dham. 
 
 Of soldiers. Show. 
 
 Paradise, bykoont h, soorg. 
 
 Paragraph, tok, tuppa, pouree. 
 
 Parallel, bura burabur. 
 
 Paralytic, udh rung. 
 
 Paramount, subna, nal wuda. 
 
 Paramour, yar. 
 
 Parapet, bubur bubur, kund, ola. 
 
 Parasite, khooshamudee. 
 
 Parboil (to), udh virita, oobul dena. 
 
 Parcel, gut hree, potulee, pund. 
 
 Parch (to), bhoonna. 
 
 Pardon, mooaf, chhima, ruchha. 
 
 Pardonable, mooaf, kurun wala. 
 
 Pare (to), chilun na. 
 
 Parent, ma pe. [juneem dee sakee. 
 
 Parentage, goorpun nalee, wudyan dee war kulyan. 
 
 Descent. 
 
 Parity, ik o jihee, bura buraburee, ode vurga. 
 
 Park, ruk h. 
 
 Parley, gulan, kurnyan. 
 
 Parole, purwur, (corruption of parole.) 
 
 Paroquet, tota. 
 
 Paroxysm, sur sam. 
 
PA» ( 188 ) PAS 
 
 Parricide, pita mar. 
 
 Parrot, tota. 
 
 Parry (to), ola dena, bo<;h lena. ^ 
 
 Parsimonious, joogutee, ut h joogutee. 
 
 Part (a), hissu. 
 
 Part (to), udo udee kurna, 2 wunduniia. 
 
 To divide. To share. 
 
 Partake (to), hissu lena, 2 rul ke k hana. 
 
 As of food. 
 
 Partial, khooshamud, 2 kana sana. 
 
 Incline to favor. Not general. 
 
 Partiality, Jthoosliamudee. 
 Partially, kana sana jiha. 
 
 Not general. 
 
 Participate (to), hisse o wala hona, b,hyal liona. 
 
 To share. 
 
 Particular, khas kee, 2 ucliuruj da. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Partly, kooch kooch. 
 Partner, sanj hee, bhyal. 
 Partridge, titoor, titra. 
 Parts, chutra, 2 pasa des da. 
 
 Talents. District. [hoOCC. 
 
 Parturient, soon walee, dookee hooee, 2 pooree hooee 
 
 The state of bringing forth, as animals. As women. 
 
 Party, soob,ha. 
 
 Assembly. 
 
 Pass (to), toor jana. 
 
 Pass, puttun, ghat, 2 purwanu chittee. 
 
 Passport. 
 
 Passable, toore jaun, 2 rasee. 
 
 Tolerable. 
 
 Passage, ghat, rustu. 
 Passenger, rahee, patee. 
 Passion, krod^b, hurukh, ghoossu. 
 Passionate, krodhwan, hurukhwau. 
 Passive, udheen, ghureeb, useel. 
 Passport, rahdaree dee chittee. 
 Past, ho hutya. 
 Paste, le wee, 2 le wee nal jorna. 
 
 To paste. 
 
 Pastern, soomyut, goot hulee. 
 Pastime, khooshee, anund tumasha. 
 
PAS ( 189 ) PEC 
 
 Pasturage, ghurur, mise put he. 
 
 Pat, theek bu theek. 
 
 Patch (to), takee, gund,h, jor louna. 
 
 Pate, sir. 
 
 Paternal, peoda, babda. 
 
 Path, churhee dundee, lundee dundee. 
 
 Patience, dheeruj. 
 
 Patrimony, wirsa. 
 
 Patriot, des da pyara. 
 
 Patron, humayutee, humrahee. 
 
 Patronage, humrahee. 
 
 Patter (to), wachu pynee, kurkat pyna. 
 
 Pattern, numonu, osa hee. 
 
 Paucity, kumtee, g hut. 
 
 Pave (to), furs, bununee, furas bununee, sufeel. 
 
 Pauper, mungta, puradheen. 
 
 Pause (to), der kurnee^ dheeruj kurnee. 
 
 Paw, punja. 
 
 Paw (to), pour marna, 2 punjee marna. 
 
 As a horse. As a cat. 
 
 Pawn (to), ghaine rukhna. 
 
 Pawnbroker, shah, bee ajereea. 
 
 Pay, tulub. 
 
 Payable, deun wurga. 
 
 Pay-day, tulub de wundun da din. 
 
 Payment, uda. 
 
 Pea, mutur. 
 
 Peace, soolah, sufur. 
 
 Peaceful, useel, ghureeb. 
 
 Peacemaker, soolah kurun wala. 
 
 Peace-offering, nujur, dhoa, dalee, bhet. 
 
 Peach, aroo. 
 
 Peacock, mor, lundor. 
 
 Peak, tibba, dhera. 
 
 Peal, chil, purda. 
 
 Pearl, motee. 
 
 Peasant, pind wala. 
 
 Pebble, wuttee. 
 
 Peccadillo, bhool, visar, okh. 
 
 Peccavi, muen b hool gya, chook gya. 
 
 Peck (to), chog choognee. 
 
1>EC ( 190 ) PER 
 
 Pectoral, hek da^ chhatee da. ^i 
 
 Peculate (to), chorana. 
 
 Peculiar, uchuruj dee, 2 Mbasdee, 3 joga wurga. 
 
 Singular. Particular, appropriate. 
 
 Pecuniary, rok da roopjee dee. 
 
 Pedant, sukoofa, basha. 
 
 Pedigree, rawu, jat. 
 
 Pedlar, bisuntee, wunjaru. 
 
 Peel, chil. 
 
 Peep (to), j.liatee marnee. 
 
 Peephole, j hat walee moree. 
 
 Peevish, trikhee, trikha. 
 
 Peg, killee, killa. 
 
 Pellet, golee, goolela, dheenda. 
 
 Pellmell, ooludya, pooludya hoya. 
 
 Pelt (to), sootna, wugouna. 
 
 Pen, likhun qulum. 
 
 Penal, suja dee. 
 
 Penance, tup, jup. 
 
 Pendent, lutuk dee, pulum dee. 
 
 Penetrable, wurun wala. 
 
 Peninsula, gittee, nooqr dheg. 
 
 Penitence, toba, udes. 
 
 Penknife, kurd kachoo, kur pan. 
 
 Pennant, nishanee, j hundee* 
 
 Penniless, nidura. 
 
 Pensive, chitwunee, 2 humsosee. 
 
 Thoughtful. Sorrowful. 
 
 Penurious, mujee poona, soom poona. 
 
 Penury, tungsee, wuqt. 
 
 People, lok. 
 
 People (to), wuson kurnee. 
 
 Pepper, mirch, lal mirch. 
 
 Red pepper. 
 
 Peppercorn, mirchan. 
 Peradventure, shayud, kudachit. 
 Perambulate (to), sufur kurna, syl kurna. 
 Perceive (to), muloom kurna, vekhna, disna. 
 Perceptible, dusun jiha. 
 Perch (to), a byt,hna. 
 Perchance, itne cheer vich. 
 
PER ( 191 ) PER 
 
 Perdition, cliourasee bognee, mout dee kushtunee. 
 
 Peregrinate (to), sjl kurna, sufur kurna. 
 
 Peremptorily, tuteek da. 
 
 Perennial, wurre da soorootee. 
 
 Perfect, poora kamil, uchuruj, mujboot. 
 
 Perfection, unth kamil. * 
 
 Perfectly, poorahee, tumamee. 
 
 Perfidious, khotah, ch hulya, dugha bajee. 
 
 Perforate (to), chek kudhna, sul kud hna. 
 
 Perforce, jubur dustee, dhuko dhukee. 
 
 Perform (to), kumkur hutna, suwarna. 
 
 Perfume, mooshkunee. 
 
 Perfumer, pusaree. 
 
 Perhaps, shayud, kudachit. 
 
 Peril, khutra, dur. 
 
 Period, tukrar, ursu. 
 
 Perish (to), murna, sur jana. 
 
 Perjure (to), jhoothee soun khanee. 
 
 Perjury, j hoothee soun or soogund. 
 
 Permanent, qaem, moostqaem or qeem. 
 
 Permission, purwangee. 
 
 Permit (to), hone dena. 
 
 Pernicious, nooshqanee jiha, jan jiha. 
 
 Perpendicular, sidhee. 
 
 Perpetrate (to), kum kurna. 
 
 Perpetual, humeshan da humeshu. 
 
 Perpetuate (to), nam judee kurna, qudeemee kurna. 
 
 As a name. 
 
 Perplex (to), hyran bona, hukre pukre rehna. 
 
 Perplexity, hyranee, hukree pukree. 
 
 Perquisite, inam. 
 
 Persecute (to), suntouna. 
 
 Perseverance, meenut, ar th. 
 
 Persist (to), jid, pyna. 
 
 Person, munook h. 
 
 Personal, ap da. 
 
 Personate (to), horus da sangor, b hekh kurna. 
 
 To represent another. 
 
 Perspicuity, oojaguree, 2 chittaee. 
 
 Manifest. Clearness, transparency. 
 
 Perspire (to), moorka ouna, purseh ouna.. 
 Persuade (to), munouna. 
 
PER ( 192 ) PIE 
 
 Pert, chutra, 2 mujajee, shekhee. 
 
 Smart, Saucy. 
 
 Pertinacious, jidee, jid khora. 
 Pertinent, joga, wurga. 
 Perturbation, beramee, bekuraree. 
 Pervade (to), b hounde p hirna. 
 Perverse, jidya, trikka. 
 
 Cross. 
 
 Pervert (to), wutouna. 
 
 Pervious, wurun wala. 
 
 Peruse (to), vekhna, wachna. 
 
 Pestilence, buwa, drdi:ee, dal. 
 
 Pestle, dusta, imam dusta, dunda k hoonda, sota soonera. 
 
 Pestle and mortar. 
 
 Pet, ladla, ishinda, unoka. 
 
 Petit, chliota, nika. 
 
 Petition, urzee. 
 
 Petrify (to), puthur ho jana, kururree ho jana. 
 
 Petticoat, Ijnhnga, chola, ghughura, tengunee. 
 
 Pettish, trikka jiha. 
 
 Pewter, jist. 
 
 Phalanx, ukuth. 
 
 Phantom, khyal. 
 
 Philanthropy, doonya da hitkaree, rulmila. 
 
 Philosopher, dana, uqlya. 
 
 Phiz, moonh, chihra, roop. 
 
 Phlebotomize (to), fus kudhna, nus kholounee. 
 
 Phlegm, khungar, ghebur. 
 
 Phlegmatic, thundee mijaj. 
 
 Physic, doshandu, duwaee. 
 
 Pick (to), choonna, 2 pusund kurna. 
 
 As a flower. To choose. 
 
 Pickaxe, kyhee buhoulee, koonaree, koonal. 
 Pickle, achar. 
 Pickpocket, k heesa kut. 
 Picture, tusbeer. 
 Piebald, cheena dubba. 
 
 As a horse. 
 
 Piece, tookra, dukra. 
 
 Piece (to), jor louna, gund h louna, takee lounee. 
 
 Piecemeal, tookre tookre, dukre dukre. 
 
 Pier, boorj. 
 
PIE ( 193 ) PLA 
 
 Pierce (to), chek kud,hna. 
 
 Piety, dhurm atma. 
 
 Pig, soour. 
 
 Pigeon, kubootur. 
 
 Pigeon-house, khooda, koombul, kubootur khanu. 
 
 Pigmy, wouna, mudra. 
 
 Pike, neju, sela. 
 
 Pile, dher, ukuth, 2 buwaseer. 
 
 Heap. Piles. 
 
 Pilfer (to), chorana. 
 
 Pilgrim, jatroo. 
 
 Pilgrimage, teerut, pursun. 
 
 Pill, golee, wuttee. 
 
 Pillage (to), lootouna. 
 
 Pillar, t hum, boorjee. 
 
 Pillow, surhanu. 
 
 Pilot, mullah, meo. 
 
 Pimp, b hetoo. 
 
 Pimple, p himunee, phoonsee. 
 
 Pincers, chimta, sunee, oocha. 
 
 Pinch (to), choondee wudnee. 
 
 Pine (to), koomla jana, odur jana. 
 
 Pinnacle, kulus, ribbe da sir. 
 
 Of a temple. Of a hill. 
 
 Pious, dhurmee, dhurm atmee. 
 Pipe, nalee, nuree. 
 
 For smoking. 
 
 Pique, vair, killush. 
 
 Piracy, durya da dakoo, pera. 
 
 Piss (to), mootna, peshab kurna, cheeta bujouna. 
 
 Pistol, tumachee. 
 
 Pit, toa. 
 
 Pitch, ral. 
 
 Pitchfork, sulun. 
 
 Piteous, humsosee, sogwan. 
 
 Pith, tar, good. 
 
 Pitiful, kumeen, kungal. 
 
 Pittance, rojeenee, kut,hee. 
 
 Pity, ruhm, dya. 
 
 Pivot, chootee, moonee, toona. 
 
 Place, jugeh. 
 
 Place (to), rukhna. 
 
 . B 2 
 
PLA ( 194 ) PLI 
 
 Placid, huleem, ruseel. 
 Plagiarism, ilm dee choree. 
 Plague, buwa. 
 Plain, rour, pudree. 
 
 Smooth. 
 
 Plain (to), runda, phirna. 
 
 Plaindealing, suchyaree. 
 
 Plaint, furyad. 
 
 Plaintiff, moodyee. 
 
 Plaister, mulhum. 
 
 Plait (to), goondunna, meedee kurnee. 
 
 The hair. 
 
 Plan, tudbeer, munsoobee. 
 
 Form. 
 
 Plane (a), runda. 
 
 Plank, p hut, tuklitu. 
 
 Plant (a), boota. 
 
 Plant (to), gachee kurnee, khugna. 
 
 Plantain, kela. 
 
 Plash (to), khurak kurna, chubul pyna. 
 
 As of a stone in the water. As with the hands in water. 
 
 Plaster (to), limna, lipna, poochna. 
 
 Plat (to), goondunna, meedee kurnee. 
 
 Plate, b handa. 
 
 Platform, put h. 
 
 Plaudit, sulounee. 
 
 Plausible, chhulya, juban. 
 
 Play (to), khedna, 2 bujouna. 
 
 Sport. On an instrument. 
 
 Playfellow, humjolee, hanee. 
 
 Plaything, kudo una. 
 
 Plea, oojr. 
 
 Plead (to), juwab, suwal dena. 
 
 Discuss. Argue. 
 
 Pleasant, khoosh, sona. 
 
 Please (to), rij houna, anund kurna. 
 
 Pleasure, kliooshee, sooldiee, anund taee. 
 
 Plebeian, udna, kungal, k hilqut. 
 
 Pledge (to), g,haina ruk hna. 
 
 Plenitude, buhootaee, pooraee. 
 
 Plenty, buhoota. 
 
 Pliable, nurm, moolaem, les dar. 
 
PLI ( 195 ) POM 
 
 Pilars, chlmta, sunee, oocha, nukchoondee. 
 Plod (to), meenut kurnee. 
 Plodder, meenut kurne wala. 
 Plot, koo sulah, mundulee. 
 
 Cabal. Of ground. 
 
 Plough, hul. 
 
 Ploughboy, halee. 
 
 Ploughland, waon walee jumeen. 
 
 Ploughshare, pjiula choukor. 
 
 Pluck (to), choona. 
 
 Plug, gutta. 
 
 Plumage, khumb, pur. 
 
 Plumb, soot dee golee. 
 
 Plume (to), k humb suwarne, pur bunouna. 
 
 Plump, mota. 
 
 Plunder (to), lootunna. 
 
 Plunderer, lootera 
 
 Plunge (to), choobee marnee. 
 
 Ply (to), meenut kurnee, 2 chupur lounee. 
 
 Labor. To ply oars. 
 
 Pocket, kheesu. 
 
 Pod, beear. 
 
 Poet, shair, kubeeshur, kubta. 
 
 Poignant, tej, suklit, kururra. 
 
 Sharp. Severe. 
 
 Point, choonj, tikkee, 2 ose vele. 
 
 A sharp end. Critical moment. 
 
 Point (to), choonj kud,hnee. 
 
 To sharpen. 
 
 Poison, veo, moura, vikh. 
 
 Poison (to), veoor moura d6ke marna. 
 
 Poise, ud,h vich. 
 
 Poke (to), hooj marna, hool marnee. 
 
 Police, thanah. 
 
 Office. 
 
 Polish (to), manjna, mulna, shikul kurna. 
 
 Polite, ihsanwund, huleem. 
 
 Pollute (to), puleet kurna, upubitr kurna, purisht kurna. 
 
 Poltroon, namurd, kookoor dila. 
 
 Chicken-hearted. 
 
 Pomp, dhoom dham. 
 Pompous, udumbur nal. 
 
 Splendid. 
 
PON ( 196 ) POT 
 
 Ponder (to), vichar kurnee, sDch kurnee. 
 Ponderous, b hara. 
 Poniard, kutar, pesh qubz, kutaree. 
 Ponton, kat h da pool, beree da pool. 
 Pony, taira, tuttoo, goot,h. 
 
 Hill pony. 
 
 Pool, doom, koond. 
 
 Pond. 
 
 Poor, ghureeb, tungsee. 
 Poorly, beramee, rogee. 
 
 Sick. 
 Pop (to), tangur ke p hurna. 
 Poppy, post, doda. 
 Populace, khilqut, doonya da lok. 
 Popular, amk,hash, 2 subna dee pusund. 
 
 General. Pleasing to the people. 
 
 Populate (to), wuson kurnee, soraeen kurnee. 
 
 Porch (a), chhutee hooee, vee. 
 
 Porcupine^ say or se, sihe. 
 
 Port, juhaj khanu. 
 
 Portable, chukun wala. [luchun vekhna* 
 
 Portend (to), putta dena, purshin louna, tewa louna. 
 
 Portico, chhutee hooee vee. 
 
 Portion, hissu, bukhruh. 
 
 Portly, mota jiha. 
 
 Bulky. 
 
 Position, wujuh, doul, dhub, qutta. 
 Positive, jidya, urya. 
 Possess (to), dukhla kurna. 
 Possibility, hon wala. 
 Post, dak, 2 jageh, t hanu. 
 
 For letters. 
 
 Postage, muhsool, jugat. 
 Posterior, pichhe, mugur. 
 Posteriors, chittur. 
 Posterity, al, oulad, kol. 
 
 Posthaste, chetee chetee, buhoot shitabee nal. 
 Postman, dak wala. 
 Postpone (to), ursu rukhna. 
 Postscript, pich he lik hya hoya. 
 
 Posture, wujuh,' turan. [bandee. 
 
 Pot, degh, dejkar, wultohee, toknee, dej kee, touree. 
 Smaller. A large vessel for boiling water. Smaller for water. 
 
POT ( 197 ) PRE 
 
 Potato, aloo. 
 
 Potbelly, gogur. 
 
 Pot companion, hutkaree, soone rya. 
 
 Potent, tej, trikka, 2 kum dee. 
 
 Strong. Efficacious. 
 
 Potion, doshandu. 
 
 A3 of physic. 
 
 Potsherd, theekree bubur. 
 
 Potter, g hoomyar, prithee puth. 
 
 Potvaliant, phouree, ghupee, lufafee. 
 
 Pouch, tosdan. 
 
 Poverty, tungsee, tungaee, huth tungee. 
 
 Pour (to), ooludna, pyna. 
 
 To empty. As rain. 
 
 Pout (to), moonh wutna. 
 Powder, daroo, choorun. 
 
 Gunpowder of any kind. 
 
 Powder (to), choorun kurnee. 
 Powderhorn, sing,hra. 
 
 For gunpowder. 
 
 Power, tagut, himmut, foorsut. 
 Powerful, jorawur, tukra, kururra. 
 Practicable, hon wala. 
 Practice, ban, wadee, dhub. 
 Practise (to), kurtub kurna. 
 Praise, sulounee, tareef. 
 Praiseworthy, suloun wurga. 
 Prance (to), koodunna, doorkunna. 
 
 As a horse. 
 Prank, k hel, khed. 
 Prate (to), bukka kurna. 
 Prattle, buk buk. 
 
 Pray (to), pooja kurnee, sundya kurnee, turpoon gatree. 
 Precarious, toukla, khutra. 
 Precaution, ugle hee tuweez, ugle hee vichar. 
 Precede (to), ugon olee toorna. 
 Precedent, chal, dhub. 
 Precept, hookm. 
 
 Preceptor, sikhal ne wala, oostad. 
 Precinct, hudd, bunna, wut. 
 Precious, qeemut wala, qeemutee. 
 Precipice, k,hoondur, k hund, k hul. 
 
PRE ( 198 ) PRE 
 
 Precipitant, kalee, kala, hulo, syhur. 
 Precipitate (to), sootunna. 
 
 To throw headlong down. 
 
 Precise, theek bu t heek. 
 Prelude (to), huta dena, hutuk dena. 
 Precocious, totla, trikka. 
 Precogitation, ugon olee, soch. 
 Preconcieve (to), ugon olee, vichnr kurnee. 
 Preconcert (to) ugde hee joogut kurnee. 
 Precontract (to), uge hee qurar kurna. 
 Precursor, uge hee bhujun wala. 
 Predatory, loot dee. 
 Predecessor, ugla. 
 Predestination, budya likhya. 
 Predetermine (to), uge da dyeeur bunna. 
 Predicament, uhwal, halut. 
 Predict (to), ugdee hee dusna. 
 Predilection, uetibar, un ditta pyar. 
 Predominate (to), jit lena. 
 
 To prevail. [hoor. 
 
 Preeminent, subna nalon mushahoor, subna t,'hon musha- 
 Preengage, (to), ugon hee rukhna, ug dee hee ruk hna. 
 Preexist, ugon olee rehna. 
 Preface, tutkura, ugaree pichharee da verwar. 
 
 Of a book. 
 
 Prefer (to), pusund kurna. 
 
 Prefix, uge louna. 
 
 Pregnancy, oomedwaree, adham, gubun, wukondee. 
 
 Prejudge (to), ugon olee fysulu kurna. 
 
 Prejudice (to), bud khore kurna, nindya kurnee. 
 
 Prejudicial, nooshqan or jan jiha. 
 
 Preliminary, mood ruwan. 
 
 Premature, be wuqt, be mouqu, korutta. 
 
 Premeditate (to), ugon ole vicharna or sochna. 
 
 Prenominate (to), ugon ole nao dhurna. 
 
 Prentice, shagird, chela. 
 
 Preoccupy (to), ugon ole, dukhla kurna. 
 
 Preordain, ugon ole hookm kurna. 
 
 Preparation, tyaree, ar. 
 
 Prepare (to), suwarna, tyar kurna, ar kurna. 
 
 Preponderance, buhoot buhoota, b hara bona tol. 
 
 Prepossess (to), ugon olee, mail bona. 
 
PRE ( 199 ) PR! 
 
 Preposterous, koond, moorukhtaee. 
 
 Absurd. 
 
 Prerogative, huqq. 
 
 Presage (to), sugon kurna, sugraa kurna. 
 
 Prescience, ilm, goophuta. 
 
 Prescribe (to), wut bununnee. 
 
 Presence, rooburoo, hajiree, samline. 
 
 Present, hajir. 
 
 Present (to), nujur denee. 
 
 As a present. 
 
 Presently, t hore cheer vich, hoone. 
 
 Preservation, buchaun, hifajut. 
 
 Preserve (to), buchouna, palna. 
 
 Preserver, palne wala, buchoun wala, prit palne wala. 
 
 God. 
 Preside (to), sirdar hona, mooMityar bona. 
 President, sirdar, mooJdityar, wude sirdar. 
 Press, kolhoo, 2 dulee murnee, bheer. 
 
 For oil, Throng. 
 
 Press (a), chhapa, sucbba. 
 
 For printing. 
 
 Pressure, bhar dooba. 
 
 Presume (to), sumjjina, vicharna. 
 
 Pretence, oojr, buhanu, puj, nukbru. 
 
 Pretend (to), puj kurna, buhanu kurna. 
 
 Preternatural, kuramat. 
 
 Pretext, oojr, puj, buhanu, nukhru. 
 
 Pretty, sona, soondur, sujda. 
 
 Prevail (to), jitna, 2 jaree bona, oojagur bona. 
 
 Overcome. To take place. 
 
 Prevalent, sare hooe hooee, sumon. 
 Prevaricate, bat wuttouna, tal mutal milouna. 
 Prevent (to), hutouna rokna, munu kurna. 
 Previous, ethon pyhla, uge bee. 
 Prey, shikar mar. 
 Price, mol, qeemut, bhao. 
 Prick (to), choobunna. 
 Prickle, koonda. 
 Prickly, kunda jiha. 
 Pride, hunkaree, mugrooree. 
 Primarily, pyhla hee. 
 Prime, oodumee, chunga, usl kliureed. 
 
 Cost. 
 
PRI ( 200 ) PRO 
 
 Primeval, usul da. 
 
 Primogenial, jetha, prethee da pyhl pjhla. 
 
 Prince, raja. 
 
 Princely, raja jiha. 
 
 Principal, usl, mool. 
 
 Print, tusbeer, 2 khoj k,hoora. 
 
 Picture. Of a foot. 
 
 Print (to), chhapa, louna. 
 
 As a book. 
 Prior, uge. 
 
 Priority, subna, t,hon, pjhla mohere. 
 Prison, bundee khanu, qyd k,hanu. 
 Prisoner, bundooa, dhuk, qydee. 
 Prisonment, qyd, or bund vich. 
 Pristine, usl da usl, osahee. 
 Private, khash looqaya, or chhipaya hoya. 
 
 In contradicton to public, hidden. 
 
 Privation, nooshqan, jan. 
 Privilege, huqq. 
 Privily, looqake, ch hipake. 
 Prize, loot, Jidda, inam. 
 
 Plunder, reward. 
 
 Prize (to), buhoot sona janna. 
 Probable, shayud, kuda chit, kude kudyn. 
 Probity, suchyaree. 
 Proboscis, soonee, soon. 
 
 Of elephant. 
 
 Proceed (to), toorya jana. 
 Proceeding, mooquddemu, 2 kum. 
 
 Of law. Transaction. 
 
 Process, d,hub, wadee, wuju. 
 
 Order, method. 
 
 Proclaim (to), oojagur kurna, jahir kurna. 
 
 Proclamation, hoka. 
 
 Procrastination, uj bhulke kurna. 
 
 Procreate (to), jumna. 
 
 Procurable, lub.hoo. 
 
 Procure (to), lubhna, milna. 
 
 Prodigal, kharchoo. 
 
 Prodigious, uchuruj, ulokar. 
 
 Prodigy, uchumba, uchuruj dee. 
 
 Produce (to), phulna, 2 wuk.halna. 
 
 Bear. To show. 
 
PRO (201 ) PRO 
 
 Product (to), hasil, pydaish. 
 
 Profane (to), be ubdee kurnee,nupakkurna,thuristkurna. 
 
 Profession, kisub, kum. 
 
 Proffer (to), bhet d hurnee, jhurawa dena, sook hna dewa. 
 
 Proficiency, hasil, wusool, kamil. 
 
 Profile, udh moonh, udh pasa, ookwasa. 
 
 Profit, labh, nufu, wusool. 
 
 Profit (to) faedu bona, nufa bona. 
 
 Profligate, budkar, uguree, mujajee. 
 
 Profound, oukhur, kut bur, 2 doonga. 
 
 Abstruse. Deep. 
 
 Profuse, buboot buhootee. ^ 
 
 Abundant. 
 
 Profusion, buboote nalon, bubootee. 
 
 Progenitor, judd, kolb, wuda. 
 
 Progeny, oulad, uns. 
 
 Prognosticate (to), ugon olee dusna, ugare dusna. 
 
 Progress, basil. 
 
 Prohibit (to), mune kurna, wurujna. 
 
 Project, tuweez, joogut. 
 
 Prolific, pbulee, soone wala. 
 
 Prolix, kubanee, qissu, barta, kutjia. 
 
 Prolong (to), burbouna. 
 
 Prominent, ooburya, oojagur. 
 
 Promiscuous, bewa, bubel. 
 
 Promise, bucbun, tukrar, qoul. 
 
 Promote (to), burbouna, budhouna. 
 
 Promotion, boodu. 
 
 Prompt, cbulak, sbitaba. 
 
 Promulgate (to), oojagur kurna, boka dena. 
 
 Prone, jee luga booa, mail booa. 
 
 Prong, sulun, sulungee. 
 
 Of a fork. 
 
 Pronounce (to), lufz phirnee, such sucb purbna. 
 
 Proof, duleel. 
 
 Prop, thumre, boa, dbo. 
 
 Propagate (to), boka dena, 2 jumna. 
 
 Spread, as a report. As species. 
 
 Propensity, ichba, sboq. 
 Proper, chunga, joga, wurga. 
 Properly, cbungyaee nal. 
 Property, mal, mutba. 
 
 c 2 
 
PRO ( 202 ) PRO 
 
 Prophesy (to), ugul wandee, dusna. 
 
 Prophet, pykumbur. 
 
 Propitiate (to), munouna. 
 
 Propitious, soob h, lugun. 
 
 Proportion (to) sujouna, 2 hissu dena. 
 
 Propose (to), suwal pouna. 
 
 Propriety, joga hee, phubta hee. 
 
 Proscribe (to), des nikala dena^ 2 mout dee tuweez. 
 
 Outlaw. Doom to death. 
 
 Prosecute (to), mugur, pyna, 2 furyad lounee. 
 
 To pursue, follow after, sue. 
 
 Prosecutor, furyadee, mookuddemu. 
 
 Criminal suit. 
 
 Proselyte, wutaya hoya. 
 
 Prospect, sooraeen, 2 oomed, wussa. 
 
 Prosper (to), bol bala hona, sour jana. 
 
 Prosperity, sookhlaee, dhunwundee, bukhtawaree. 
 
 Prosternation, oodasee, sogee, humsosee. 
 
 Dejection. 
 
 Prostitute (a), kunjaree, qusubee. 
 
 Prostrate (to), lumme p? jana. 
 
 Prostrate, moonh de pyna jumeen pur hek purne pyna. 
 
 Lying with the face to the ground. 
 
 Protect (to), humayut kurnee, buchouna. 
 
 Protection, humayut, suhayut, shue or shv. 
 
 Protector, humayuta kurun wala, humrah kurun wala. 
 
 Protest (to), ukrar kurna. 
 
 Protract (to), der lounee, cheer lounee. 
 
 Protrude (to), nikul pyna, wud jana. 
 
 Protuberance, k hugga, 2 gurh, gillar. 
 
 As from a tree. As from the hody of a man. 
 
 Proud, hunkar, mugroor. 
 
 Prove (to), duleel kurnee, sabvit kurnee, saboot kurnee. 
 
 Provender, charuh, churuh. 
 
 Proverb, urt,h, kuhanee. 
 
 Provide (to), tyar kurna, 2 shurt lounee, teechu kurnu. 
 
 Stipulate. 
 
 Providence, b hugwan dee kripa nal. 
 Provident, joogutee. 
 
 Thrifty. 
 
 Provider, tyar kurun wala. 
 
 Province, soobah. 
 
 Provision, khana, seed ha, rust. 
 
PRO ( 203 ) PUR 
 
 Proviso, teeche nal, shurt nal. 
 Provocation, ch.hair, khejh. 
 Provoke (to), chjiair kurnee, khej ji kurnee. 
 Prowl (to), tore pyna. 
 Proximity, nire, kol kol. 
 Proxy, iwuzee, wutte. 
 Prudence, hoshiaree, joogutee. 
 Prune (to), dulum kurnee. 
 Pruninghook, datree, dat h pilchee. 
 Pry (to), j hakna. 
 . Puberty, jobun, juwanee, ghubreda. 
 Public, am, mushalioor. 
 Publicity, khindee hooee, hoka ditta hoya. 
 Publish (to), hoka dena, khinda denee. 
 Pucker (to), choonna wul pounee. 
 
 Plait, fold. 
 
 Puddle, toe logne, chupryan chule. 
 
 Shallow water. 
 
 Puerile, moonda jiha. 
 
 Puff (to), p,hooka marnee, 2 sulouna. 
 
 To praise much. 
 
 Puissant, tagut wala, jorawur. 
 
 Pull (to), khechunna. 
 
 Puke (to), obutna dakna, oopur chul kurnee. 
 
 Pulmonary, khung, khyee. 
 
 Consumption. 
 
 Pulp, jilab, gootulee. 
 
 Pulse, naree, nubz, 2 chhole muttur. 
 
 Pease. 
 
 Pulverize (to), muleeda kurna, peepoo kurna. 
 
 Punctual (to be), kurar oote ouna, teeche oote ouna. 
 
 Punctuality, kurar or teeche nal. 
 
 Punish (to), suja denee, museehut denee. 
 
 Puny, chhota lisa. 
 
 Pup, kutoora. 
 
 Pupil, shagird, chela. 
 
 Purchase (to), mol lena. 
 
 Purchaser, gahuk, khureedoo. 
 
 Pure, saf, chitta, pak. 
 
 Purely, sirf, ktalee. 
 
 Purge, joolab, doshandu, kara. 
 
 Purifier, saf kurne wala, chitta kurne wala. 
 
PUR ( 204 ) QUA 
 
 Purity, sufaee. 
 
 Purloin (to), chorana. . 
 
 Purport, mutubul. 
 
 Purpose, ichha, iradu. 
 
 Purse, kheesu. 
 
 Pursue, piehhe pyna, mugur pyna. 
 
 Purveyor, kothree burdar, rust ruk^hue wala. 
 
 Pus, pak, rad. 
 
 Push (to), d huko d,liole khana. 
 
 Pusillanimity, kookoor dilee. 
 
 Puss, billee, billuo. 
 
 Pustule, phimunee, pboonsee. 
 
 Put (to), rukhna, dhurna. 
 
 Putrify (to), sur jana, moosh k oothna. 
 
 Puzzle, (to), kulle dar, phutyan. 
 
 Pygmy, waona, baona. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quack (to), mukee ouna, 2 ud h virita, huqeem* 
 
 As a duck. A quack doctor. 
 
 Quadrangle, chou kona^ chou goot ha. 
 Quadrennial, wurre. 
 
 Quadruped, char p?r, che pyra, che khora. 
 Quadruple, chougoona, chou hissu. 
 Quaere, suwal, 2 jun, b hurm* 
 
 A doubt. 
 
 Quagmire, chekor. 
 
 Quail, butera. 
 
 Quaint, uchuruj, unootuh* 
 
 Quake (to), kumbunna. 
 
 Qualify (to), laek, kum da bona. 
 
 Qualm, jee kuchha bona, jeeootahan ouna. 
 
 Quandary, jun, b hurm, oukhur, kuthun. 
 
 Quantity, undajee. 
 
 Quarrel, j hugra, j hanj ha, roula. 
 
 Quarrelsome, j hagroo, tukraree. 
 
 Quarry, puthryan deekhan. 
 
 Quarter, pa, 2 wul, pasa, turuf, 3 heelun. 
 
 One fourth side Given after battle. 
 
 Quarter (to), char hissu kurna, chaonee da mooqam. 
 
QUA ( 205 ) QUO 
 
 Quash (to), doobouna, duhna. 
 
 Quay, g hat, puttun. 
 
 Queen, ranee, indranee, put ranee. 
 
 Queer, uchurij, uchumba. 
 
 Quell (to), mitouna, hutouna, soolah, sufa kurna. 
 
 Quench (to), booj hana, thunda kurna. 
 
 Querist, suwalee, poochun wala. 
 
 Querulous, furyadee. 
 
 Query, suwal. 
 
 Question, suwal. 
 
 Quibble, tal, mutol, bat wuttounee. 
 
 Quick, chet, shitab, kalee. 
 
 Quicken, chetee nal kurna, 2 mood bununna, as dhurnee. 
 
 As a child. 
 
 Quicklime, choona. 
 
 Quickly, chetee nal, kalee kurke. 
 
 Quicksand, jil, jilun, ret. 
 
 Quicksighted, trikkee nujur. 
 
 Quicksilver, para. 
 
 Quiet, choop chap, 2 aram. 
 
 Silent. Ease, rest. 
 
 Quill, pur dee qulum, k humb. 
 Quilt, rujaee, tolaee, lef, dolaee. 
 Quince, bihee, bee danu. 
 Quinsy, boornawee. 
 Quintessence, urq kara, usl. 
 Quire (a), jistu. 
 
 Of paper. 
 
 Quirk, ch hul, chiddur, 2 bat wutaO. 
 
 Subtlety. Quibble. 
 
 Quit (to), chhudna, ch hud dena, tyagna. 
 Quite, kool koola, bilkool. 
 Quittance, ruseed, far k,huddee, rajee nameh. 
 Quiver (to), kumbunna, 2 turgoosh, jistee. 
 
 To tremble. From turkusli. A quiver for arrows. 
 
 Quoit, chuklee, chidda. 
 
 Quota, hissu, chhaudah, bukhruh. 
 
 Quote (to), horus dee gul kurnee. 
 
 To recite the words of another. 
 
 Quotidan, roz bu rozee. 
 Quotient, baqee. 
 
RAB ( 206 ) RAM 
 
 R. 
 
 Rabbit, s?hur, susa. 
 
 Rabble, dulee murnee, b heer. 
 
 Crowd. 
 
 Race, jat qoum, jud, 2 dour, bjiujun. 
 
 Tribe. Contest. 
 
 Race (to), dourna, bhujna. 
 
 As horses. 
 
 Racer, dour wala, or shurtee g hora. 
 Rack, junboor. 
 
 For torture. 
 
 Racy, suwad da, rus da. 
 
 Radiant, liska, j hulukda, chilukda. 
 
 Radiation, kirna rishma. 
 
 Sun's beams. 
 
 Radical, usul dee, jeeon kee ton. [kharna. 
 
 Radicate (to), pootna, ghachee kurnee, khugunna oo- 
 
 Radish, moolee. 
 
 Raft, beree, bera. 
 
 Rafter, bulee kuree, t humba, suteer. 
 
 Rag, takee, kutura kutur. 
 
 Rage, ghoossa, krodh, hurukh. 
 
 Ragged, pate hooe kupra. 
 
 Ragingly, k hundaee, trikkaee nal. 
 
 Rail, kat,h dee war, kirah, karn gar. 
 
 Raillery, thutta, mukhoul. 
 
 Raiment, kupra, poshak, leera. 
 
 Rain, meenh, wurkha, kunnyan pynyan. 
 
 Rainbow, peeng, boodee dee, peeng d hunook. 
 
 Rainy, meenhee jiha. 
 
 Raise (to), chookna, chukna. 
 
 Raisin, moonukka, talum khana. 
 
 Rake, Jidda, budmasb, 2 jundra. 
 
 A debauchee. Garden implement. 
 
 Rally (to), thuthe nal hutkunna, 2 morke burouna. 
 
 To ridicule, chide. To rally troops. 
 
 Ram (a), hoondoo, meenda. 
 Ram (to), kootunna, churhna. 
 Rambler, phirun wala, b^houun wala. 
 
RAM ( 207 ) n\v 
 
 Rampant, seek h pa hona, ooth krona, must. 
 
 As a horse to stand up on the hind legs. Wanton lecherous. 
 
 Rampart, dhoor khote, oodale dee kund. 
 Rancid, vigurya lioya, mooshkunee suree hooee. 
 
 Strong scented. 
 
 Rancour, killish, vair, ukus. 
 
 Random, ruja nal, be thukanu, etne clieer vich. 
 
 Range, vich, undaj, 2 sufur, syhul. 
 
 As of a gun. Excursion. 
 
 Rank, mooshkunee, 2 wudee pydaish. 
 
 Strong scented. Luxuriant. 
 
 Rank, pal o pal, 2 hoodee, 3 jat. 
 
 Line of men. Degree of dignity. Order, class. 
 
 Rankle (to), laal laal, honee, pak pynee. 
 
 To fester. 
 
 Ransack (to), lootunna. [douna. 
 
 Ransom, chuttee b hurke ch,hudouna, roopye deke ch hu- 
 Rant (to), bookwa kurna, roula pouna. 
 Rap (to), dhole marne, thuk thuk kurna. 
 Rapacity, trik haee, k hundaee, k hundaee, 2 harbya hoya. 
 Rape, sut torna, sidook torna. 
 Rapid, kala, trikka, shitabee, 
 Rapier, sang, gooputee. 
 
 So called because concealed in the scabbard h not drawn except when used. 
 
 Rapine, loot, 2 budo budee. 
 
 Violence. 
 
 Rapture, kliooshee nal, p hool jana. 
 
 Rare, tohfu, uchuruj, uchumba. 
 
 Rarely, kudhe, kudjiain. 
 
 Rarity, t5hfu. 
 
 Rascal, khuchra, khuchrot. 
 
 Rase (to), mesna, metjma. 
 
 Rash, nidhur, unkbyal. 
 
 Rat, chooha. 
 
 Ratan, byt. 
 
 Rate, bhao, nirik,h, uruj. 
 
 Rather, buhootee ichha. 
 
 More willingly. 
 
 Ratify (to), pukka kurna, thurouna, teechu bunouna. 
 
 Rational, uql wala, soo wala, shuhoor wala. 
 
 Rattle (to), shunkunna, thunkar pyna, shoon shuna. 
 
 A rattle. 
 
 Ravage (to), oojar kurna, fehwar kurnee, 2 sut torna. 
 
BAV ( 208 ) REB 
 
 C [2 slioodo wurtunna. 
 Rave (to), kumla or baola bona, < tulo muchhe bona. 
 
 To be mad. / To be very fond of. 
 
 Raven, il. 
 
 Ravisb (to), sut toriia. 
 
 To violate. 
 
 Raw, kucbba, 2 seet surdee, tbund. 
 
 Chill, cold. 
 
 Ray, kirna, risbna. 
 
 Raze (to), mesna, met bna, dba sootna. 
 
 Overthrow, destroy. 
 
 Razor, oostura. 
 
 Reacb (to), poocb,bna, upurha, 2 oobutna. 
 
 To vomit. 
 
 Reacb, tagut, bimmut, foorsut. 
 
 Power. 
 
 Reaction, naree ooltunee, purwa jana, 2 ooludnee. 
 
 As of life. As favour of a person. 
 
 Read (to), purbna. 
 
 Readily, sbitabee nal. 
 
 Readmit (to), pbir ouun dena. 
 
 Readorn, nuwa suwarna, or bunana. 
 
 Ready, tyar. 
 
 Real, sucba, soocba, usl. 
 
 Really, such micbee. 
 
 Realm, raj. 
 
 Reanimate (to), sas pynee, murke jeeona. 
 
 Reap (to), kunuk wudnee. 
 
 Corft. 
 
 Reapingbook, datree. 
 
 Rear, picbbare nal, mugurlee wul. 
 
 Rear (to), seekb pou bona, 2 palna sik balna. 
 
 As a horse. As a child. 
 
 Rearward, mugurlee wul. 
 Reason, subub 2 uql, sbuboor. 
 
 Cause. Understanding. 
 
 Reasonable, uql wala, bosb wala, 2 joga wurga. 
 
 Just. 
 
 Resemble (to), morke ukutba kurna. 
 Reassert (to) mor mor dusna. 
 Reassure (to), mor mor wussa kurna. 
 Rebel, dungaee, kburoodee, fusadee. 
 
REB ( 209 ) REC 
 
 Rebound (to), boorkunna, 2 pich hul k hooree hutna, 
 wuttee lake hutna. 
 
 To recoil as a gun. 
 
 Rebuff (a), toort mooqurna, 2 hutouna. 
 
 Repel. 
 
 Rebuild (to), morke osarna. 
 
 Rebuke (to), oolama dena, mehna dena. 
 
 Recal, morke sudna. 
 
 Recant, phir oolta denee. 
 
 Recapitulate (to), mor mor dusna. 
 
 To repeat. 
 Recarry (to), mor le jana. 
 Recede to), pich he pich he toorya jana. 
 
 Retreat. 
 
 Receipt, ruseed, rajee nameh. 
 
 Receive (to), pouna, milna, lub hna. 
 
 Recent, nuwa. 
 
 Receptacle, rukhun wala jugeh, d,hurum wala, jugeh. 
 
 Reception, sulook soolah. 
 
 Treatment. 
 
 Recess, ala, uteet dee jugeh, ukunt jugeh. 
 
 As in a wall. 
 
 Rechange (to), morke wuttouna. 
 Recharge (to), morke bulla kurna. 
 
 To attack anew. 
 
 Recipe, nooqsu. 
 
 From noosqhuh. 
 
 Reciprocal, do we pase, apus vich, bura burabur. 
 
 Recital, dusya or akhya hoya. 
 
 Reckless, ghafilee, 2 jan hoomunee, jan bajee. 
 
 Careless, As of life. 
 
 Reckon (to), ginna, lekha kurna. 
 
 Reclaim (to), pursung, lugna, sour jana. 
 
 Recline (to), lumme pyna, let na. 
 
 Reclose (to), morke bununna. 
 
 Recluse, tupusee, uteet. 
 
 Recognise (to), syanna, puhchanna. 
 
 Recoil (to), tubke, pich hul khooree hutna. 
 
 Recoin, (to), moorke gurna. 
 
 Recollect (to), yad ouna. 
 
 Recommence (to), mood bununna. 
 
 Recommend (to), sulat kurnee, wudee uee kurna. 
 
 Recompence (to), wutta dena, budul dena, iwuzee denee. 
 
 D 2 
 
REC ( 210 ) REE 
 
 Reconcile (to), mun pvna, muna lena. 
 Recondite, looqaya boya, 2 oukhur kut hun. 
 
 Secret. Abstruse. 
 
 Reconduct, morke le ouna. 
 
 Reconnoitre (to), p hir toorke jachna, b bed lena. 
 
 Reconquer (to), morke jitna. 
 
 Reconvey (to), morke gulna. 
 
 Record, duftur. [nirobu bona. 
 
 Recover (to), pbir lubbna, morke lubbna, 2 ucb ba or 
 
 Get again. To get well. 
 
 Recourse (to bave), roojoo kurna, rooburoo kurna. 
 Recreant, pajee, kumeen, namurd. 
 Recreation, vurouna, purcbouna. 
 Recriminate (to), ooltee furyad kurnee. 
 Recruit, nuwa sipabee. 
 
 Rectify (to), sodh lena, bbool cbook kudbnee. 
 Recumbent, lumma pya booa, letya boya. 
 Recur (to) morke ouna. 
 
 Return. 
 
 Recusant, na kurroo, nudus. 
 
 Red, laal, sooa. 
 
 Redeem (to), bucbouna, 2 cbuttee b burke, cb bud ouna. 
 
 To save. Ransom. 
 
 Redelver (to), morke sompna. 
 Redemand (to), morke mungunna. 
 Redbot, tupya boya loba, tab luga booa. 
 Redlead, sindoor, sungruf. 
 Redolent, kboosb boee, wasbuna. 
 
 Sweet scented. 
 
 Redouble (to), doobra kurna, 2 p bir pbir dusna. 
 
 To make double. To repeat after. 
 
 Redoubt, kapa, ugare da urtula, kundeean deeduk. 
 
 Outer work of fortification. 
 
 Redound (to), lugna, bona. 
 Redress, nisbaf. 
 
 From insaf, remedy. 
 
 Redress (to), nisbaf kurna, 2 dooroost kurna. 
 
 To set right. 
 
 Reduce (to), gbutna, 2 betb kurna, kungal kurna. 
 
 Lessen. To lower. 
 
 Redundance, buboot buboota, utb buboota. 
 Re-ecbo (to), ugon awaj ounee, dbumkar dee awaj. 
 Reed, nulee kiluk, pola. 
 
REE ( 211 ) REG 
 
 Reef (to), d hul vuletna. 
 Reel (a), pinna ghoochee. 
 
 To wind yarn on. 
 
 Reel (to), j hoka k banee, t hede jana, 
 Re-embark (to), morke churbna. 
 Re-enact (to), morke or nuwe tundun kurna. 
 Re-enforce (to), fouj wudounee or wudeek kurna. 
 
 Send fresh troops. 
 
 Re-enter (to), morke wurna. 
 
 Re-entbrone, morke cburbouna, guddee oote. , 
 
 Re-establisb (to), morke bunouna or tburouna. 
 
 Re-examine, morke jacbna, morke jona. 
 
 Refer (to), somp dena, buwala kurna. 
 
 Refine (to), pbog noogda kudbna, cbitta kurna. 
 
 As the dross from metals. Clear. 
 
 Refit (to), morke bununna, morke suwarna. 
 
 Reflect (to), socbna, vicbarna, duleel kurna. 
 
 Reflourisb (to), morke sooraeen bona. 
 
 Reflow, morke. [pursung lugnee. 
 
 Reform (to), sura j ana, sobbut bonee, rybut wut janee. 
 
 Refractory, urya or jidya boya, d binga boya. 
 
 Obstinate, perverse. 
 
 Refrain (to), bundez kurnee, 2 sumuj h lena. 
 
 To abstain. To forbear. fpfna. 
 
 Refresb (to), jee men jee milna, turarez bona, visoom 
 Refrigerate (to), tbunda kurna, sunt ounce. 
 Refuge, punab, surun, surnagutee. 
 
 Shelter from danger. 
 
 Refulgent, liskbda, cbilukda, j bumkuda. 
 
 Refund (to), mor dena. 
 
 Refuse (to), mooqur pyna. 
 
 Refute (to), bat or gul butounee. 
 
 Regain (to), morke lubbna. 
 
 Regale (to), kboosbee kurnee, lybur kurne. 
 
 Regard, beto, suneo, pyar, 2 tukna, vek,bna. 
 
 Look at. See. 
 
 Regardless, ghafilee, soostee, d billaee. 
 
 Negligent. 
 
 Regenerate (to), morke pyda bona. 
 Regent, dooje da raj kurna, kol da raj kurna. 
 Regimen, ruk b rukbnee, kban peendee. 
 Regiment, purtul. 
 
REG ( 212 ) REL 
 
 Region, des, moolk. 
 
 Register, duftur. 
 
 Regorge (to), oogulachna, b hurna, 2 oobutna. 
 
 As ill-gotten Avealth. As food. 
 
 Regrant (to), mor dena. 
 
 Regret, humsos, sog, 2 puchotawa. 
 
 Regular, theek, 2 sid.ha sidha, burabur. 
 
 Straight. 
 
 Regularity, qaedu nal kurna, or turuli nal. 
 
 Regulate (to), qaedu nal kurna. 
 
 Rehear (to), morke soonna. 
 
 Reject (to), kudhna, nikalna. 
 
 Reign (to), guddee oote bythna. 
 
 Reimbody (to), morke pind vich wurna. 
 
 Reimburse (to), morke khurch dena. 
 
 Rein, wag. 
 
 Reins, kumur^ luk. 
 
 Reinsert (to), morke dakhil kurna. 
 
 Reinstal (to), morke rukhna. 
 
 Reinstate (to), morke ruk hna. 
 
 Reinvest (to), morke dena. 
 
 Rejoice (to), khooshee pursun or anund bona. 
 
 Rejoin (to), morke milna. 
 
 Rejoinder, oottur. 
 
 Reiterate (to), morke dusna, akbna koona. 
 
 Rejudge (to), morke neao kurna, morke jachne. 
 
 Rekindle (to), morke balna. 
 
 Relapse (to), morke mun ounee. 
 
 Relate, uhwal dusna or akbna. 
 
 Relation, verwar, uhwal, 2 sak surbund. 
 
 Narrative, tale. Relation. 
 
 Relative, sakagiree, sirbundee. 
 
 Relax (to), dhilla bona, soost or ghafil bona. 
 
 To slacken. 
 
 Relaxation, khooshee, purcbunee. 
 Relay (to)> dak byt,halna. 
 Release (to), chhudna, chhud dena, tyagna. 
 Relent (to), ruhm a pjna, dya a pynee. 
 Reliance, wussa, b hurosa. 
 Relics, ruhun, khoond, nishaiiee laqee dee. 
 Relict, rundee, bidwa. 
 A widow. 
 
REL ( 213 ) REN 
 
 Relief, suhayut, humayut, 2 nurohee, aram. 
 
 Help. From pain, 
 
 Relieve (to), suhayut denee. 
 
 Religion, dhurm, deen. 
 
 Religious, dhurm atmee. 
 
 Relinquish (to), chhudna, tyagna. 
 
 Relish, suwad. 
 
 Reluctant, be raj, nakhoosh. 
 
 Relumine (to), morke roshunaee or ehanun kurua. 
 
 Rely (to), wussa kurna. 
 
 Remain (to), rehna. 
 
 Remainder, renda, baqee dee. 
 
 Remains, ruhun, khoond, 2 loth moordee. 
 
 What is left, A dead body. 
 
 Remake, morke bununna. 
 
 Remand (to), morke ghulunna. 
 
 Remark, buchun, qoul. 
 
 Remarkable, ucliuruj dee, uchumba, ulokar. 
 
 Remediable, ullaj, wurga. 
 
 Remember (to), cheta rukhna, yad kurna. 
 
 Remind (to), c.heta kurouna, yad kurouna. 
 
 Remiss, d hilla, jilla, soost, ghafil. 
 
 Remission, chhima, ruchha, mooaf. 
 
 Remit (to), ehimma kurnee, 2 morke dena. 
 
 To restore, give back. 
 
 Remittance, roopye gliule hooee. 
 Remnant, renda, baqee. 
 Remonstrance, udulee, budulee. 
 Remorse, puchotawa, humsos. 
 Remote, door, furq nal. 
 Remove (to), lejana 2 jugeh wuttounee. 
 
 To change places. 
 
 Remount (to), morke churhna, 2 g hore b hurtee kurna. 
 
 To supply horses. 
 
 Remunerate (to), inam dena. 
 
 Rencounter, j hugra, j hanj ha, luraee, gholna. 
 
 Rend (to), parna, cheerna. 
 
 As clothes, as wood. 
 
 Rendezvous, ukut.h dee jugeh. [kurna. 
 
 Renew (to), morke kurna, nuwe sire arumbh, moodon 
 Renounce (to), chhud dena, tyagna. 
 Renown, jus, namawar, sob ha. 
 
REN ( 214 ) REP 
 
 Renowned, mushahoor, oojagur. 
 
 Kent, b,hara, ujara, t heka 2 patya hoy a. 
 
 Torn. 
 
 Renter, b hara, kurun wala t hekedar. 
 
 Repair (to), bunouna, suwarna, murumut kurna. 
 
 Repartee, mushkurree dee gul, mukhoul dee gul. 
 
 Repass (to), morke jana, mor j herke p herna. 
 
 Repast, pursad. 
 
 Repay (to), mor denee. 
 
 Repeal (to), huta dena, mouqoof kurna. 
 
 Repeatedly, vuran var, buhootee waree. 
 
 Repel (to), huta dena. 
 
 Repent (to), pucho tawa kurna, humsos kurna. 
 
 Repeople (to), morke wuson kurnee, sooraeen kurna. 
 
 Repetition, morke, akhya or dusya hoya. 
 
 Repine (to), humsos, or sog kurna, pucho tawe kurne. 
 
 Replace (to), morke ruk hna. 
 
 [kurnee. 
 Replait (to), mcwdon or morke goondunna or meedee 
 Replant (to), moodon gachee kurnee or k hugna. 
 Replenish (to), morke, b hurna. 
 Replete, b hurya hoya. 
 Reply (to), oottur oottur dena. 
 
 To employ. 
 
 Repolish (to), morke shik hi kurnee. 
 
 Report, gougah, gool. 
 
 Repose (to), aram kurna, 2 wussa kurna. 
 
 To confide. 
 
 Repose, aram, sookh, anund. 
 
 Repossess (to), morke lubhna, morke dukhla kurna. 
 
 Reprehend (to), dut kunna, hut kunna. 
 
 Represent (to), urz kurnee. 
 
 Repress (to), looqounee, chhipounee^ gooput kurnee. 
 
 As a sedition. 
 
 Reprieve (to), mooaf kurna, buklish lena. 
 
 Reprimand (to), dut kunna, hut kunna. 
 
 Reprint (to), moodon chhapouna. 
 
 Reproach (to), tana, menah dena. 
 
 Reprobate, urguree, khota mujajee. 
 
 Reproduce (to), morke phulna, 2 morke wukhal na. 
 
 Bare. To shew again. 
 
 Reproof, dut, hut. 
 
REP ( 215 ) RES 
 
 Reptile, keera, kunda. 
 
 Repudiate (to), kud.hna, nikal dena. 
 
 Repugnance, kour, boora munna. 
 
 Repulse (to), huta dena, rudd dena. 
 
 Repurchase, morke mol lena. 
 
 Reputable, namawur mushalioor, bhuleaee. 
 
 Reputation, ijjut, put, abro. 
 
 Request, urz, urz kurnee. 
 
 To request. 
 
 Require (to), lor honee, mungunna. 
 
 Ask for. 
 
 Requisite, loree dee, cbahye. 
 Requisition, urz. 
 
 Requite (to), wutta dena, mor gher kurna. 
 Rescind (to), wud sitna, 2 huta dena. 
 
 To cut of. Repeal. 
 
 Rescue (to), chhudouna, buchouna. 
 Research, meenut da khoj. 
 
 Diligent search. 
 
 Resemblance, bura buraburee, iko jihee. 
 Resent (to), boora munna, vair rukhna. 
 Reserve (to), kol or mood rukhna. 
 
 Keep in search. 
 
 Reserved, looq ruk hunwala, khotura. 
 
 Reservoir, houd chubuch ha. 
 
 Resettle, morke t hurouna. 
 
 Reside (to), tik rehna. 
 
 Resident, rehne wala. 
 
 Residue, renda, baqee. 
 
 Resign (to), chhud denee. 
 
 Resin, buroja, gunda buroga. [kurnee. 
 
 Resist (to), buraburee, kurnee uree kurnee, wudee kee 
 
 Resolve (to), thurouna, dyeea kurna. 
 
 Resolute, diler soormutee, hatha. 
 
 Resolution, t heek dyeea. 
 
 Resort, ukuth mujlis, mundulee. 
 
 Resound (to), morke awaj honee. 
 
 Resource, uUaj. 
 
 Expedient, means. 
 
 Respect, ubud wudut, 2 heto sundeho. 
 
 Reverence. Regard. 
 
 Respect (to), ubud rukhna. 
 
 Respectable, matebar, ijjut wala, put wala. 
 
RES ( 216 ) RET 
 
 Respectful, ubud nal. 
 
 Respire (to), sail leiia, 2 aram kurna.. 
 
 To rest from toil. 
 
 Respite (to), talna, g,hoosouna. 
 Resplendent, lishkda, chilukda. 
 Respond (to), oottur dena. 
 Responsible, mookhtyar, jimme wala. 
 Rest, aram, sookh. 
 Restitution, mor ditta hoya. 
 Restless, beram, be chain, nichulla. 
 Restoration, mor ditta hoya. 
 
 Given back. 
 
 Restore (to), mor dena, huwalu kurna. 
 
 Restrain (to), rokna, wurujna, dukna. 
 
 Restraint, rok, wurjun, hutkao. 
 
 Result, wusool, hasil. 
 
 Resume (to), morke lena. 
 
 Resurrection, morke jeeona. 
 
 Resurvey (to), morke vekhna. 
 
 Resuscitate (to), morke jee vich jee pyna. 
 
 Retail (to), khinduveen bechna, t horee t horee vechnee. 
 
 Retake (to), morke lena or phurna. 
 
 Retaliate (to), wutta lena. 
 
 Retard (to), dhing kurna, uka dena. 
 
 Reach (to), oobutna. 
 
 Retention, lungun wala, 2 yad giree. 
 
 As memory. 
 
 Retinue, uswaree. 
 
 Retire (to), udh bona, joode bona. 
 
 Retirement, ukunt jugeh nuve kulee jngeh. 
 
 Retold, morke dusya hoya. 
 
 Retort (to), juwab dena. 
 
 Retoss (to), morke sootna, phir gherke sootna. 
 
 Retrace (to), morke jana, ounce pyree jana. 
 
 Retract (to), mooqur kurna. 
 
 To deny. 
 
 Retreat, ukunt jugeh, 2 hut ouna. 
 
 To retreat, as an army. 
 
 Retrench (to), ghutouna. 
 
 Retribution, wutta, budla, vair. 
 
 Retrieve (to), morke lubhna. 
 
 Retrogade (to), morke khojna or suwaitchna. 
 
RET ( 217 ) aiG 
 
 Retrospect, morke pyna, oolta chulna. 
 
 Return (to), morke ouna. 
 
 Reveal (to), oojakur kurna, jahir kurna, bhet kholna. 
 
 Revel (to), khooshee kurnee. 
 
 Revenge, budla, wutta, vair. 
 
 Revenue, pydaish, amdunee. 
 
 Reverberate (to), morke awaj honee, dhum kar pjna. 
 
 Revere (to), chahna, lorna. 
 
 Reverence, ijjut, put, ubro. 
 
 Reverse, upota, oolta. 
 
 Revert (to), morke ouna. 
 
 Review (to), morke vekhna. 
 
 Revile (to), galee denee, bud juban bolnee. 
 
 Revise (to), morke suwarna, or bunouna. 
 
 Revisit (to), morke vek hna. 
 
 As one's country. 
 
 Revive (to), morke jee vich, jee pouna, rulouna. 
 
 Reunite (to), morke ukuth bona, morke rulouna. 
 
 Revoke, (to), butouna, muqoof kurna. 
 
 Revolt, bukama, dunga. 
 
 Revolution, bhounda. 
 
 Reward, inam. 
 
 Rbeumatism, badee. 
 
 Rhinoceros, gynda. 
 
 Rhubarb, reond, cheenee. 
 
 Rib, puslee, bubur. 
 
 Ribaldry, be lujee, be shurm. 
 
 Rice, chouwul. 
 
 Rich, dhunwunt. 
 
 Riches, mal. 
 
 Rick, bol dher, d,heree. 
 
 Of grain. 
 
 Rickety, hilda. 
 
 Rid (to), ch hudouna. 
 
 Ride (to), uswar bona. 
 
 Ridge, tibba d,hore. 
 
 Ridicule, t hutta, mushkuree, makhoul. 
 
 Rift, tair, puktair. 
 
 A cleft. 
 
 Riggle (to), hilunna, pase marne, murore lene. 
 Right, huqq. 
 
 Privilege. 
 
 E 2 
 
RIG ( 218 ) ROL 
 
 Right, chuiiga, wurga, joga. 
 
 Proper. 
 
 Righteous, dhurmee. 
 
 Rightful, huqq dar, huqq hulal da. 
 
 Rigid, khururra, suJdit. 
 
 Rigor, k hururaee, sukhtaee, 2 t hund. 
 
 Cold. 
 
 Rill (a), nulee huthree. 
 Rim, kunda, buniia, bunera. 
 Rind, chhil, bukul, runj. 
 
 Of Fruit. Of a Tree. 
 
 Ring, ch hap, chala. 
 
 Ringleader, dungaee, fusadee. 
 
 Ringstreaked, gudra. 
 
 Ringlet, meedee, joolf, puttee. 
 
 Ringworm, dud. 
 
 Rinch (to), choolee, kooela kurna. 
 
 Riot, hukamu, dunga. 
 
 Rip (to), cheerna, parna. 
 
 Ripe, pukka. 
 
 Ripple (to), chhola pynee, chool kunna. 
 
 As Water. 
 
 Rise (to), oothunna. 
 
 Risible, base wala. 
 
 Risk, k^hutra, toukla. 
 
 Rite, dustoor, ban, wadee. 
 
 Rival, reesee, riksee. 
 
 River, durya. 
 
 Road, rustu, ruha, wat, bat. 
 
 Roan, telya, koomyt. 
 
 Roar (to), bhuruk marnee, bhoob marnee. 
 
 As a Bull, As a Tiger. 
 
 Roast (to), rindna, kubab kurna. 
 
 Rob, chorouna. 
 
 Robber, dharawee, chor, thug. 
 
 Robust, nurohu, tukra. 
 
 Rock, sila, put hur. 
 
 Rocket, huw^aee. 
 
 Rod, chitteean, chumba. 
 
 Rogue, budjat, thotah. 
 
 Roll (to), rernee. 
 
 Rollingpin, chukla, velna. 
 
ROO ( 219 ) RUM 
 
 Roof, chuppur, chhun. 
 
 Boom, jugeh, kumra, kot ha. 
 
 Roomy, mokulee jugeh. 
 
 Roost (to), busera, nuwas kurna. 
 
 Root, jur, mool. 
 
 Rope, russee, jeoree, lah lug. 
 
 Ropemaker, luj, wuttun wala. 
 
 Rosary, mala, simirunee, tusbeh. 
 
 Rosetree, goolab da bootah. 
 
 Rosewater, goolab. 
 
 Rosin, gunda buroja, buroja. 
 
 Rot (to), sur jana, mooshq oothna. 
 
 Rotation, bhounde phernee, waro waree. 
 
 To return. 
 
 Rote, kunt h keeta hoya, munon sikhya hoya. 
 
 Rotten, surya hoya. 
 
 Rove (to), b,hounde p hirna. 
 
 Rough, kururra. 
 
 Roughhewn, ud h bunya, u,dh virita. 
 
 Round, gol mol. 
 
 Rouse, oot halna, jugouna. 
 
 Rout, bar, shikust. 
 
 Row (a), roula, torna, j hanj ha, 2 pura, pal. 
 
 Disturbance. A line. 
 
 Royal, badshahee. 
 
 Rub (to), munjunna, mulna. 
 
 Rubbish, koora, rooree, re. 
 
 Ruby, laal. 
 
 Rudder, chuppa. 
 
 Ruddy, laal churhee hooee, 2 nurohu. 
 
 Fresh. Health. 
 
 Rude, be uhsan, be ubdee. 
 Rue (to), humsos or sog kurna. 
 Ruffin, sungdil. 
 
 Rugged, kururra, puthur, wurga. 
 Ruin, nooshqan, jan, tubah, vigur. 
 Rule, hookumut raj kaj, 2 dunda. 
 
 A ruler for lines. 
 
 Ruler, hakim. 
 
 Rumble (to), guj pynee, d,humkhar pjna 
 
 As a carriage. 
 
 Ruminate (to), sochna, vicharna. 
 
RUM ( 220 ) SAG 
 
 Rumor, gougur, tol chal, qoul. 
 
 Rump, chittur. 
 
 Rumple (to), goochu kuriia, murorna. 
 
 Run (to), bujunna, dounia. 
 
 Runaway, bhujun wala. 
 
 Runner, hulkara, kasht. 
 
 Courier. [nul uture hooee. 
 
 Rupture, andooturee hooee, anduran tootyan hooeean. 
 Ruse, ch hul, ch hiddur, cbilittoor. 
 Rush (to), roorke jana, 2 bhujke jana. 
 
 As water. 
 
 Rust, jingal, morchee. 
 
 Rustic, guwaree. 
 
 Rustle (to), mawa louna, khur k,hur. 
 
 As Clothes. 
 
 Rut, leehee. 
 
 Of a cart. 
 
 Ruthful, sogwan. 
 Ruthless, be ruhm, be dja. 
 
 Sable, kala, shaha. 
 
 Sack, bora goon, chhut, boree. 
 
 As for cotton. For camels <fcc. For money. 
 
 Sackcloth, tupree, tupoor. 
 Sacred, dhurm, dee poondee. 
 
 Holy. 
 Sacrifice, churhouwa, bhet, hom, sookh. 
 Sacrilege, poon dee jageh dee choree, nukisht choree. 
 Sad, oodas, odurya hoya, sogwan. 
 Saddle, kat hee, jeen, khoe jeen. 
 
 Saddle cloth. 
 
 Saddler, kat hee, jeen. 
 Safe, sulamut. 
 Safeconduct, humrah. 
 Safeguard, mudud, humrah. 
 Safety, sulamutee. 
 Saffron, huldee, vusaro. 
 Sagacity, syanup, uql wandee. 
 Sage, dan a, gyanee. 
 
SAI (221 ) SAT 
 
 Said, dusya, ak hya hoya. 
 
 Sail, d hul. 
 
 Saint, rik hee, tupee sur, joogeesa. 
 
 Sake, waste, dee leee. 
 
 Salary, tulub. 
 
 Sale, vikree. 
 
 Salient, ehuja. 
 
 Projecting. 
 
 Saline, khara, kusela, loon. 
 
 Saliva, th,ook, moonh ouna, pilkuree pjhe. 
 
 To salivate. 
 
 Sallow, moorduhan, wurtee hooee, jurd, odurya hoyj 
 
 Sally (to), ooth bhujna. 
 
 Salt, loon. 
 
 Saltpetre, shora, kulmee shora. 
 
 Salvation, surg wasee, bykoonthee. 
 
 Salubrious, chungee huwa, sonee pouun. 
 
 Salve, mulhum. 
 
 Salutary, faededar. 
 
 Salutation, futteh boolounee, ram ram wacliunee. 
 
 Same, iko jiha. 
 
 Sample, munoonu, vurgu. 
 
 Of cloth. Of grain. 
 
 Sanction, hookm, purwangee, khooshee. 
 
 Sanctuary, dhurm sala. 
 
 Sand, ret, kukur reta. 
 
 Sandalwood, chunnun. 
 
 Sanguinary, sukbtaee, kururraee, kutortaee. 
 
 Sanity, soogur poona. 
 
 Sank, dooba hooa. 
 
 Sap, gooda, jilub. 
 
 Sapient, uql wund. 
 
 Sapling, jilub wala. 
 
 Sapphire, neela puthur. 
 
 Sarcasm, mehna, tana, hibba. 
 
 Sash, jal. ^ 
 
 Satan, shytan. 
 
 Satiate (to), oogulej oothna. 
 
 Satin, santul, kalee. 
 
 Satisfaction, khooshee, rajee. 
 
 Satisfy (to), rajee or idiooshee kurna. 
 
 Saturate (to), chekor bona. 
 
SAT ( 222 ) SCH 
 
 Saturday, suneechur war, war da den. 
 
 Savage, kuror. 
 
 Sauce, chutnee. 
 
 Saucy, shekbee, mujajee. 
 
 Save (to), buchouna. 
 
 Saunter (to), torna, phirna, lyhure pjna. 
 
 Savory, suwad da, rus da. 
 
 Saw, aree, kurwutee, purnaee, kurwutee. 
 
 Sawdust, loor. 
 
 Sawyer, purnaee dar, kurwutee wala. 
 
 Say (to), ak hna, koona, dusna. 
 
 Saying, kuhanee, ak han. 
 
 Scab, khureend. 
 
 Scaffold, pour, sang. 
 
 Scalade (to), pouree, d hurke churhna. 
 
 Scald (to), tuppe hooe panee, nal surna. 
 
 Scale (to), pouree nal churhna, 2 much heedee kund, 
 
 A fort. Scale of fish. 
 
 lukree kunda. 
 
 Of weight. 
 
 Scalp, sirdee khul lounee, k hopree dee k,hul louonee. 
 
 Scamper (to), bhujna. 
 
 Scan (to), jachunna, vekhna, vecharna. 
 
 Scandal, oolama, ooj h, toohmut. 
 
 Disgrace, as person. 
 
 Scant (to), wut pounee, hudd pounee. 
 
 Limit. 
 
 Scanty, t hora, g hut. 
 
 Scar, dagh, lusun. 
 
 Scarce, unoot,ha uchuruj, ulokar, unokar. 
 
 Bare. Uncommon. 
 
 Scare (to), durouna, kumbouna. 
 
 Scarecrow, durna. 
 
 Scarf, chadur pjnunnee, hundounee. 
 
 Scarify (to), puchna, puch lounee, ghurorna. 
 
 Scarlet, laal, sooa. 
 
 Scarp (to), trichhee pootnee, tedhee pootnee. 
 
 Scatter (to), k,hindouna, ch hutta dena. 
 
 Scavenger, choora, bhungee. 
 
 Scene, soorut, shuklil. 
 
 Scheme, joogut. 
 
 Schemer, joogutee, udumbur. 
 
SCH ( 223 ) SCR 
 
 Schism, tukrar, pate hooee, wuko wuk hee. 
 
 Separation. 
 
 Scholar, sikhun wala, chela, shagird. 
 
 School, tunksal, uthaee, museet, d hurm sala. 
 
 Science, ilm. 
 
 Scimeter, tulwar. 
 
 Scion, bootah, 2 uns, oulad. 
 
 Living shoot of a family. 
 
 Scissors, kynchee: 
 Scissure, tair, puktair. 
 
 Crack, rent, fissure. 
 
 Scoff (to), be dhurm bona, thutta marna. 
 Scold (to), dut kunna, vurjunna, hut kunna. 
 Scope, mutubul, 2 jageh. 
 
 Drift, intention, room, space. 
 
 Scorbutic, pa jihee, klioruk. 
 
 Scorch (to), lase jana, j huloote jana. 
 
 Score, vee, 2 subub, 3 nishanee, lene. 
 
 Twenty. Motive. Notch. 
 
 Scorn (to), kour rukhna, boora munna. 
 Scorpion, bichhoo, uthooa, bishooa. 
 Scotfree, chhoota hoya, ch hudya hoya. 
 Scoundrel, khotah, budjat. 
 Scour (to), munjunna, chitta kurna, 2 bhujna. 
 
 To clean. To scamp. 
 
 Scout, jachoo, sooa. 
 
 One who observes an enemy's actions. 
 
 Scowl (to), ghooree wutnee, moonh wutna. 
 Scramble (to), bhuj bhujke lubhna. 
 Scrap (a), rutee masa, tookra, dukra. 
 Scrape (to), krochunna, k,hoor kunna. 
 Scratch (to), khoor kunna, khooj wouna. 
 Scream (to), cheekhna. 
 Screech (to), chir louna. 
 
 As an owl. 
 
 Screen (to), choogat, purda. 
 Screw, pech, wul. 
 
 Scribble (to), leek bu leekar kurnee. 
 Scribe, likharee, lekhuk. 
 Scrotum, jeor dee gootulee. 
 Scrub (to), mulna, manjunna. 
 Scruple, jun bhurm, 2 tol, wujn da. 
 Doubt. 
 
SCR ( 224 ) SEE 
 
 Scrutinize (to), vichar, vichar vek hna. 
 
 Scuffle, dhukm dhukke. 
 
 Sculk (to), looqe looqe jana, dabe p?e jana. 
 
 Scull, khopree, kirpal. 
 
 Sculptor, chiturgur, chitera. 
 
 Scum, myl, jug. 
 
 Scurf, pa, khoork. 
 
 Scurrility, bud jubanee. 
 
 Vile abuse. 
 
 Scurvy, pa jiha. 
 
 Sea, sumoondur. 
 
 Sea-coast, sumoondur de kunde. 
 
 Seal, mohur, chhap. 
 
 Sealingwax, lak. 
 
 Seam, seeon. 
 
 Sear (to), surna, julna, bulna. 
 
 Scarce, thora, 2 unootha, ulokar, uchumba. 
 
 Search (to), khojna, tolna. 
 
 Seaside, sumoondur de kunde kunde or bunne bunne. 
 
 Season, mouqu, buhar, chumashu. 
 
 Seasonable, mouqe da vela, buhar. 
 
 Seat, choukee, koorsee. 
 
 Seclude (to), ukunt,h rehna. 
 
 Second, dooje. 
 
 Secrecy, bhet nal looqa, or purde nal. 
 
 Secret, bhet, looq, ola, kunsun dee gul. 
 
 Secretary, moonshee, lik haree. 
 
 Sect, jat, pat. 
 
 Secure, sulamutee, be touklee. [ruk hna. 
 
 Secure (to), khutre vichon kudhna, 2 bununna qyd- 
 
 Free from danger. 
 
 Sedan, dola, chundol. 
 
 Sedate, sant kee. 
 
 Sediment, lag, myl, garhee, rubdoor. 
 
 Sedition, hukama, fusad. 
 
 Seduce (to), sut torna, 2 buhkanna. 
 
 Violate. Mislead. 
 
 Sedulous, artee, meenutee. 
 
 See (to), vekhna, disna, wekhna. 
 
 Seed, bee. 
 
 Seedtime, bee da vela or mouqu. 
 
 Seeing, vek hda, disda, deeda. 
 
SEE ( 225 ) SET 
 
 Seek (to), khojna, tolna. 
 
 Seem (to), muloom honee. 
 
 Seemly, joga, vurga, chunga jiha, siij dasoiida. 
 
 Seesaw (to), hoote lenee, uj hoke khaiiee, dol de ruhna. 
 
 Seize (to), phurna. 
 
 Seldom, thora. 
 
 Select (to), choonna, choogna, choonna. 
 
 Choose. 
 
 Self, ap, 
 
 Selfevident, ap deeda, ap oojagur. 
 
 Selfinterest ap ghuruj, ap gou. 
 
 Selfish, ap hoodra, ap khora. 
 
 Selfsame, oho. 
 
 Sell (to), vechiia. 
 
 Semblance, bura buraburee, ik o jihee. 
 
 Semi, udh. 
 
 Semicircle, khunnee, udh goonee. 
 
 Send (to), ghulna, bhejna. 
 
 Senior, wuda oocha. 
 
 Sense, hosh, soochet, 2 urth, gyan, myhna. 
 
 Meaning. 
 
 Senseless be hosh, 2 be urth, be gyan, koo urth. 
 
 Sensible, hoshiar, soochet, uql wund. 
 
 Sensual, kamee, runde baj. 
 
 Sentence, joomlu, dohra, supeeea kubitr. 
 
 Sentinel, pyhre wala. 
 
 Separable, udo udee kurun wala. 
 
 Separate, udo udee, wukho wukhee. 
 
 Separation, jooda hoy a hoya, ud^h hoya hoya. 
 
 September, usoo. 
 
 Sepulchre, soomard, nupee hooee. 
 
 Sequel, pichhla. 
 
 Seraglio, raneean de muhl, muhul. 
 
 Serene, oojagur, jahir, 2 choop keeta, choop chan. 
 
 Clear, briglit. 
 
 Serious, choop keeta, sochee. 
 
 Serpent, sup, nag, keera. 
 
 Servant, tyleea, nufur, gudwyee. 
 
 Service, tyb poona, noukuree. 
 
 Sess, ujaru, hala mulbu, mamilu, tinee. 
 
 Set (to), dhurna, thurouna. 
 
 Settle (to), thurouna, thikouna. 
 
 F 2 • 
 
SEV ( 226 ) SHE 
 
 Sevenfold, sut gooiia, sut hissu. 
 
 Sevenscore, sutveean. 
 
 Seventeen, sutharuk. 
 
 Seventy, suttur. 
 
 Several, baje baje, kyee k?ee, vich vieh. 
 
 Severe, suJdita, kururra. 
 
 Sew (to), seeona, toob kunna, tope bhurne. 
 
 Shabby, poorana, jurrya hoy a. 
 
 Shackle (to), sungol pouna, kurra pouna. 
 
 Shade, purchawan, ola, shanw. 
 
 Shaft, ban teer, 2 bel, bul, vul. 
 
 Of a gig. 
 
 Shaggy, walan jiha. 
 
 Shagreen, humsosee, sogee. 
 
 Shake (to), hilouna, kurkouna. 
 
 Shallow, shupree, chuppoor, dhab, tobur. 
 
 Sham (to), pujlouna, buhanu kurna. 
 
 Shambles, qusaee khanu. 
 
 Shame, shurm, luj, shurmindugee. 
 
 Shape, sourut, doul, qutta. 
 
 Share, hissu, buk hra, chanda. 
 
 Sharp, tikhee, dar, wadee wad. 
 
 Sharpedged, tej dar. 
 
 Sharpen (to), tik ha kurna, moonh kud hna. 
 
 Sharpsighted, tukhee nujur, buhootee tuk. 
 
 Shatter (to), dukre dukre kurna, ruttee ruttee kurna. 
 
 Shave (to), hujamut kurouna. 
 
 Shaver, naee. 
 
 Sheaf, moonaree, shouree. 
 
 Shear (to), oon moonun nee. 
 
 Shears, kvnth. 
 
 Sheath, myan. 
 
 Shed, ch,hanw, ch,hun dhara. 
 
 Shed (to), dolna, ehol kunna. 
 
 Sheep, bhed. 
 
 Sheepfold, bhed anda wara. 
 
 Sheepish, lujyawan. 
 
 Sheet, chadur, chadura. 
 
 Shelf, pur chutee. 
 
 Shell, sipee, sunkh, sipur. 
 
 Shelter, ola, urtula. 
 
 Shepherd, bhedan wala, jalee. 
 
SHE ( 227 ) SHR 
 
 Sherbet, shurbut. 
 
 Shield, dhal. 
 
 Shift, joogut, tud beer, 2 wutoiina. 
 
 Arrangement To change. 
 
 Shin, sookrung. 
 
 Shine (to), lush kunna, chilukna, j hum kunna. 
 
 Ship, juhaj. 
 
 Shipwreck, juhaj tootuna. 
 
 Shiver (to), kumbunna. 
 
 Shoal, thulee, vureta, hath. 
 
 Shock, tukur wujunee, thyhuk. 
 
 Concussion. 
 
 Shocking, houl da ghum. 
 
 Dreadful. 
 
 Shoe, jootee. 
 
 Shoemaker, mochee, choomar. 
 
 Shoot, bootah, 2 budook chulounee. 
 
 A young tree. Discharge of a gun. 
 
 Shop, huttee. 
 
 Shopbqok, byhee, chuputtur. 
 
 Shopkeeper, huttee wala, hutwaneean. 
 
 Shore, kunda, bunna. 
 
 Short, mudra, 2 ghut. 
 
 Not tall. Scanty. 
 
 Shorten (to), ghutouna, chhota kurna. 
 
 Shortly, thore cher vich, thora kurna. 
 
 Shortwinded, dum churhya hoya, g hurkya hooa. 
 
 Shot, golee, churra. 
 
 Shove (to), dhukna, d huka dena. 
 
 Shovel, kyhee, koonalee. 
 
 Shoulder, modah. 
 
 Shoulderbelt, duwalee, gatura. 
 
 Shoulderknot, j hubba. 
 
 Shout (to), kookna, changur marneean. 
 
 Show (to), wukhalna, 2 tumashee. 
 
 Exhibit. Sight. 
 
 Shower, ik meenh, ch hula. 
 Showy, jullou, rounuk. 
 Shred, kutra. 
 Shrewd, chhul wala, uql wan. 
 
 Cunning. ^ Intelligent. 
 
 Shriek (to), trekunna. 
 Shrill, cheek, kook, changur. 
 
SHR ( 228 ) SIM 
 
 Shrink (to), sungurna, sugoochna. 
 
 As clothes by washing. 
 
 Shrivel (to), sungar jana, sookh jana. 
 Shrub, j har, bootah. 
 
 Shrug (to), muror denee, kusees wutnee. 
 Shudder (to), dil wutna, pasa wutna. 
 Shuffle (to), tal mutal kurna, 2 rulouna. 
 
 Prevaricate. To mix. 
 
 Shun (to), buchouna. 
 
 Shut (to), bund kurna, marna. 
 
 Shy, lujyawan. 
 
 Shyness, lugyawan jiha. 
 
 Sick, beram, munohan, rogee, mureej. 
 
 Sicken (to), beram hojana. 
 
 Sickle, datree. 
 
 Sickly, rogee, munohan jiha. 
 
 Side, wul, pase, lumb. 
 
 Sideways, pase, tedhe. 
 
 Siege, akhee. 
 
 Sieve, chanunee. 
 
 Sift (to), chanunna. 
 
 Sigh (to), hou kur lena, owbesee lena^ 
 
 Sight, nujur. 
 
 Sightess, unna, wuda, soordas. 
 
 Sign, sjnut, nishanee. 
 
 Token. 
 
 Sign (to), sjhee kurnee, dust khut denee. 
 
 Ratify by writing. 
 
 Signal, mushahoor, oojagur, 2 putta, teechee. 
 
 Eminent. 
 
 Signet, shap, chhula. 
 
 Significant, urt h, gyan nal, myhne nal. 
 
 Signification, urth, myhna. 
 
 Silence, choop chan. 
 
 Silk, reshm. 
 
 Silkmercer, bujaj, puttera. 
 
 Silly, be wuqoofee, unjan poona, be uql. 
 
 Silver, chandee. 
 
 Silversmith, soonyara, sonar. 
 
 Or goldsmith. 
 
 Similar, os a hee, os e jiha> bura burabur. 
 Simile, musla, kuhanee. 
 
SIM ( 229 ) SKU 
 
 Similitude, bura buraburee vurga. 
 Simmer (to), rijna kurlouna. 
 Simple, bhola, sid ha. 
 
 Artless. 
 
 Simpleton, kumla, be uql. 
 
 Simulate (to), puj louna, buhana kurna. 
 
 Dissemble. 
 
 Sin> pap, goonah, tuqseer. 
 
 Since, tudon. 
 
 Sincere, suchya. 
 
 Sinew, nus. 
 
 Sinful, papee, ghatee. 
 
 Sing (to), gouna. 
 
 Singe (to), lase jana. 
 
 Single, ukula, eko. 
 
 Singular, unootha, uchuruj, uchumba, ulokar. 
 
 Sinister, mutubulee, cli hulya. 
 
 Sink (to), doobna, g bote k hana. 
 
 Sinner, papee, goonahee. 
 
 Sip (to), ghot bhurna. 
 
 Sir, jee. 
 
 Sister, bhyn. 
 
 Sit, byt hna. 
 
 Situation, jugeh^ thaon, t hikhana^ 
 
 Sixteen, soluh. 
 
 Sixth, chewan. 
 
 Sixty, sut h. 
 
 Size, undaju, lumba. 
 
 Size (to), min min ke kukhne. 
 
 Skeleton, munookh da punjur* 
 
 Skepticism, bhurmee, junee. 
 
 Sketch, nuql, ootar. 
 
 Skew (to), tedha, dekhna. 
 
 Skilful, kareeguree hoonee. 
 
 Skim (to), myl lounee. 
 
 Skin, chum, k hul. 
 
 Skinny, lisa, jiha, mara. 
 
 Skip (to), koodna, b hoorkunna, tupunna* 
 
 Skirt, dawun, sunjaf, kor, mugjee, laon. 
 
 Skittish, koodun wala, b hoorkun wala» 
 
 Skreen, ola, purda. 
 
 Skulk (to), looq jana. 
 
SKU ( 230 ) SLO 
 
 Skull, k hopree. 
 
 Sky, asman. 
 
 Skyrocket, huwaee. 
 
 Slack, dhilla, soost, ghafil. 
 
 Slake (to), teh hutouna, 2 booj hoiiiia. 
 
 As thirst. As fire. 
 
 Slam (to), bununna, marna, dhona. 
 
 As a door. 
 
 Slander, toohmut, ooj h. 
 Slant, tedha, trich ha, ookwasa. 
 Slap, chufer, djiuppa, lufera. 
 Slash (to), p hernee. 
 
 As with a sword or stick. 
 
 Slave, glioolam, gola. 
 
 Slavery, gioolam puna, tyhul poona. 
 
 Slaughter, mar, qutl. 
 
 Slavish, tyhul poone vurga. 
 
 Slay (to), mar sootna. 
 
 Sleek, pulya hoya, koola. 
 
 Sleep (to), meend ounce, souna. 
 
 Sleet, gulean nal, kunyan hynee. 
 
 Sleeve, koortee dee bahan. 
 
 Sleight, hoonuree, hikmutee, chhulya, nujur bund. 
 
 Slender, k hura, lisa. 
 
 Slice, dukra, tookra, chuppa. 
 
 Slide (to), tilukna. 
 
 Slight, lisa, mara, 2 chhul. 
 
 Trick. 
 
 Slime, jilub, rubdool, chikor. 
 
 Sling, gopya, ghoobanee. 
 
 Slink (to), looq jana, ch hip jana. 
 
 Slip (to), thibuk jana, tiluk jana. 
 
 Slipknot, khis kanee gund, g hoonde dar gund. 
 
 Slit (to), cheerna, parna. 
 
 Slobber (to), lala sootnyan. 
 
 Slope, d hulwa. 
 
 Sloppy, chikor jiha. 
 
 Mirj. 
 
 Sloth, gliafilee, soostee. 
 
 Slouch (to), oondee pake toorna, neore neore toorna, 
 
 sungurke toorna. 
 Sloven, gbuleech, koo soot hra. 
 
SLO ( 231 ) SNI 
 
 Slough, chikor wale jiigeh. 
 
 Slow, howla, SYJe syje. 
 
 Sluggard, soost wala, neshtee sootoor. 
 
 Slumber (to), souna. 
 
 Slur, oolama, namoshee, 2 jilpoona, Jidda kurna. 
 
 Disgrace. Pass lightly over. 
 
 Sly, chhulya, chilittooree. 
 
 Smack (to), d huppa mania, kootna. 
 
 Small, thora, chhota. 
 
 Smallcraft, kishtee, ch.hotee beree. 
 
 Smallpox, mata, thundee. 
 
 Smart, tukra, hoshiar. 
 
 Smatter, thora purhya. 
 
 Superficial knowledge. 
 
 Smear (to), limbunna, pochna. 
 
 Smell (to), moosh qounna, boounee. 
 
 Smirk (to), husunna. 
 
 Smile (to), mooskurouna. 
 
 Smite, kootna, marna. 
 
 Smith, lobar. 
 
 Smithery, uhrun halee, kur khanu. 
 
 Smoke, dhoo. 
 
 Smooth, pudra, saf. 
 
 Smoothfaced, gholya hoya moonh. 
 
 Smother (to), moonh dubke, g hul ghootke mar dena. 
 
 Smouldering, dubee hooee ug. 
 
 Smuggle, muhsool marna, jigat chupouna. 
 
 Smut, dhoon dee kaluk. 
 
 Snack, hissu, chhunda. 
 
 Share. 
 
 Snaffle, lugam. 
 Snake, sup, nag, keera. 
 Snap (to), bhununna. 
 Snappish, trikke, tej. 
 Snare, phaee, dhundal. 
 Snarl (to), j huwee lena. 
 
 As a dog. 
 
 Snatch (to), j hutke nal phurna. 
 
 Sneak (to), looqke toorna. 
 
 Sneer, mehna dena, tana marna, ch her kudhnu. 
 
 Sneeze, chikunna. 
 
 Sniff (to), soon gunna. 
 
SNi ( 232 ) SOL 
 
 Snip (to), kuturna. 
 Snivel (to), soomkunna. 
 
 Running of the nose. 
 
 Snore, ghoorare marne. 
 Snort (to), p.hoorkura marna. 
 
 As a horse. 
 
 Snout, soonnee, hood. 
 
 Of a pig. 
 
 Snow, kukkoor, kora. 
 
 Snowwhite, kukkoor wurga, chitta kora jilia. 
 
 Snub (to), durouna, kumbouna. 
 
 Snuff, nuswar, gool. 
 
 Tobacco powdered. Of a candle. 
 
 Snuffle, dhukm dhukke. 
 Snug, looqaya hoya. 
 
 Concealed. 
 
 So, es, osee turah. 
 
 Soak (to), bheeona^ doobna, dub chhudna. 
 
 Soap, suboon. 
 
 Soar (to), churlma, asman, churhna. 
 
 Sob (to), oobe sah lene. 
 
 Sobriety, sopliee pouna, unumulee. 
 
 Sociable, milapee. 
 
 Society, sohbut. 
 
 Sod, mutee da dheem, rora. 
 
 Soft, moolaem. 
 
 Soften (to), moolaem, nurm kurna. 
 
 Soil (to), vugarna, khurab kurna, 2 t hoeen jumeen lena. 
 
 Sojourn, tik rehna. 
 
 Solace, tusullee. 
 
 Solar, soorujda. 
 
 Soldier, tulungur, sipahee, pyadu. 
 
 Soldier-like, sipahee wurga. 
 
 Sole, ukula, 2 pyr dee tulee. 
 
 Alone. Of the foot. 
 
 Solemn, vecharwan, sochwan. 
 Solicit (to), mintee kurna, mungunna. 
 
 Entreat. 
 
 Solicitude, chinta, soch. 
 Solid, tukra, muzboot, nigur. 
 
 Entire. 
 
 Solitary, ukulahee, 2 utunk. 
 
 As a hermit. 
 
SOL ( 233 ) sow 
 
 Solve (to), oojagur or gyan kurna, 2 mokula kurna. 
 
 Loosen. 
 Solation, gyan, byan. 
 Sombre, undhera. 
 Some, kooj h. 
 Somebody, koee. 
 
 Somehow, kisee nu kisee turali, kiwee kiwee. 
 Sometime, kisee vele. 
 Sometimes, kud he kud hain. 
 Somewhat, kooj h kooj h. 
 Somewhere, kitt he na kitthe. 
 Somnolency, oonglanda. 
 Son, pootr, be ta. 
 Son-in-law, jiiwaee, mujman. 
 Song, goun, geet, sud. 
 Sonorous, awajdee. 
 Soon, chetee, thore urse vich. 
 Soot, dhoon dee kaluk, d hooan. 
 Sooth, sucha, 2 munouna, 3 pulosna. 
 
 Truth. To sooth. To flatter. 
 
 Soothsayer, ug dee dusun wala, ugetra dusun wale. 
 
 Sop (to), dubo dubo ke kliana. 
 
 Soporific, neend wale cheez. 
 
 Sorcerer, jadoojur, muntree. 
 
 Sordid, kumeenu, pajee. 
 
 Sore, ghao, phut, cheer. 
 
 Sorrow, sog, humsos. 
 
 Sorry, ufsos. 
 
 Sort, qism, ruqm. 
 
 Sort (to), choonna, chantna, sidha kurna. 
 
 Sot, umulee wala. 
 
 Sovereign, badshah, raja. 
 
 Soul, jan, b hour. 
 
 Sound, muzboot, saboot, tukra, nigur. 
 
 Whole, entire. 
 
 Soup, turree, shorwa. 
 
 Sour, khutta. 
 
 Souce, (to), bheon b heon kurna. 
 
 South, dukhun. 
 
 Sow (to), bee beejna. 
 
 As grain. 
 
 Sow, soouree. 
 
 Female of boar. 
 
 G 2 
 
sow ( 234 ) spi 
 
 Sower, bee jiin wala. 
 
 Space, jageh. 
 
 Spade, kvhee, kooiialee, kusee. 
 
 Span, ghet. 
 
 Spangle, sitare. 
 
 Spank (to), kootna marna, tumachu, cliiifer mnrna. 
 
 As with the hand. 
 
 Spare, faltoo, wudeek, wadee hooee, buchouna, rukli lena. 
 
 Spare (to), buchouna mama. 
 
 Spark, chungyara. 
 
 Sparkle (to), chunkunna, j liulukna. 
 
 Sparrow, chirya. 
 
 Spasm, hook. 
 
 Spavin, hudda motra, juhur bad. 
 
 Spawn, mucheean da anda. 
 
 Speak (to), koona, bolna, akhna, dusna. 
 
 Speaker, dusun wala, akhun wala. 
 
 Spear, bhulm, sela, burchhee. 
 
 Special, ukula hee, amklias. 
 
 Specific, ullaj. 
 
 For sickness. 
 
 Specify (to), jikr kurna, dus dena. 
 
 Specimen, jikr kurna, butouna. 
 
 Speck, tenh, binda. 
 
 Spectacles, uenuk. 
 
 Spectator, vekhun wala, tumash geer. 
 
 Spectre, bhoot, pret. 
 
 Speculate (to), sochna, vecharna, 2 hasil oote dena. 
 
 As with money. 
 
 Speech, bolee. 
 
 Speechless, unbol. 
 
 Speed, chetee, shitabee. 
 
 Spell (to), ukhur jorne. 
 
 Spend (to), khurch kurna, wurtunna. 
 
 Spendthrift, kharchoo, wurtonoo. 
 
 Spew (to), oobutna. 
 
 Spherical, gol mol. 
 
 Spice, musalu. 
 
 Spider, kynah. 
 
 Spike, kil. 
 
 For a gun. 
 
 Spill (to), dol dena. 
 Spin (to), kutunna. 
 
spi ( 235 ) spu 
 
 Spine, kumror. 
 
 Spiral, wuldar, muroreedar. 
 
 Spire, kulus phul. 
 
 Spirit, dum, jan, b hour. 
 
 Spirited, soorme wurga. 
 
 Spiritless, odurya hoya, oodas. 
 
 Spirits, mujaj, 2 umul wale cheez. [chulna. 
 
 Spirt (to), dhar chulnee, b^hooknee wugnee, sooroo 
 
 Spit (to), thookunna. 
 
 Spite, killush, vair, ukus. 
 
 Splash (to), panee j,hukolna. 
 
 As water. 
 
 Spleen, lif tillee. 
 
 Splendid, buhoot soondur, sujda rungda. 
 Splendour, soonduree, sujdaee. 
 Splice (to), gund louna, jor louna. 
 Splint, phutee. 
 
 For a broken limb. 
 
 Splutter (to), thutoola koona. 
 
 Spoil, vugarna, khurab kurna. 
 
 Sponsor, jamin. 
 
 Spontaneous, upne ap, syur. 
 
 Spoon, chumchee, kurchee. 
 
 Spoonful, chumchee b hur, kurchee bhur. 
 
 Sport, tumashu, khed. 
 
 Spot, dagh. 
 
 Spotless, bedagh. 
 
 Spouse, moonus, khawind, ghur wala, bhurta. 
 
 Spout, tootee, punalu. 
 
 Sprain, mos, much kor. 
 
 Sprawl (to), chufal, pjna. 
 
 Sprig, lugur. 
 
 Sprightly, khoosh dila. 
 
 Spring, buhar, 2 clihal marnee. 
 
 To spring. 
 
 Sprinkle (to), chinkunna, khundouna, chutta dena. 
 
 As water. As grain. 
 
 Sprout (to), sooa nikulna, jala oogna. 
 Spruce, soothra, 2 chitta. 
 
 Neat. Clean. 
 
 Spur, b houree, bhumbeeree. 
 Spurious, JUiota kuchura j hootha. 
 
spu ( 236 ) STA 
 
 Spurn (to), hutouna, hut kunna. 
 
 Spurt (to), dhar nikulnee. 
 
 Sputter (to), t hut hola bolna, kalak koona. 
 
 Spy (to), tuk kurnee, sil kurnee, bhed kurna. 
 
 Spyglass, doorbeen. 
 
 Squabble, j hanj ha, roula, j hugra. 
 
 Squalid, ko sonn, bud shuql, kooroop. 
 
 Ill favored. 
 
 Squander (to), oudhouna, khurch kurna. 
 
 As wealth. 
 
 Squash (to), dubna, mulna, dulna. 
 
 Squat (to), puba bhar bjna. 
 
 Squeak (to), cheek hna. 
 
 Squeeze (to), moot h nal dubnee, ghootee jana. 
 
 With the hands. As in a crowd. 
 
 Squint (to) bhynga dekhna, teera vekhna. 
 Squirt (to), b hoara pyna. 
 
 As water. 
 
 Stab (to), marna, wouona. 
 
 Stable, tubela. 
 
 Stablish (to), bunouna, t hurouna. 
 
 Stack, bol, dher. 
 
 Staff, dungoree, chhittee, dang, lathee. 
 
 Stag, barah singha. 
 
 Stage, mujul, ukharu, suth. 
 
 Of a journey. Theatre. 
 
 Stagger (to), musa musa kurna, kiwee kiwee kurna. 
 Staggers, kumb kumb ke deg pyna. 
 
 As a horse. 
 
 Stagnate, bud ha thyrya. 
 
 As water. 
 
 Stain, dagh. 
 
 Stake, kilee, soolee. 
 
 Stale, biha. 
 
 Stalk (to), ak hir ke toorna, 2 dundee, nalee. 
 
 Walk proudly. Of a flower. Of wheat. 
 
 Stall, t,han, k horal. 
 
 For a horse. 
 
 Stallion, nur g hora. 
 
 Stammer (to), thutoola koona, kalah koona. 
 
 Stamp (to), pyr marna, phut kara marna, 2 ch hapa louna. 
 
 With the foot. ' To priut. 
 
 Stanch (to), loohoo bund kurna. 
 
STA ( 237 ) STB 
 
 Stand (to), krota rehna, k hura rehna. 
 
 Standard, nishan, j hunda. 
 
 Standing, krota, 2 moodamee, miizboot, tukra. 
 
 Lasting. Enduring. 
 
 Star, tara. 
 
 Stare (to), tukna, j hakna. 
 
 Starlight, tarean da chanunha. 
 
 Start (to), tubkunna, tangurna. 
 
 Startle (to), kumbouna. 
 
 Starve (to), bhook,h nal murna. 
 
 State, halut, lial, uhwal. 
 
 Stateliness, dhoom dham nal. 
 
 Station, t hanna, mooqam, jageh. 
 
 Statue, moorut. 
 
 Stature, oochaee, lumbaee. 
 
 Statutes, shuruh dee een. 
 
 Stave, dang, dungoree, chhittee. 
 
 Stay (to), rehna, tikna. 
 
 Stead, iwujee, budlee. 
 
 Steadfast, jurya hoya, mujboot, tukra, qaem, moost qeem. 
 
 Steadily, undol, unhil. 
 
 Without moving. 
 
 Steal (to), chorouna. 
 Stealth, looqa nal, ole nal. 
 
 Secret act. 
 
 Steam, huwa, bhaf. 
 Steed, ghora. 
 Steel, uspat, phoolad. 
 Steelyard, dundee. 
 
 Of scales. 
 
 Steep, bikree ghatee, 2 bheona, doobna. 
 
 Slanting. As in water. 
 
 Steer, vuchu vair ka, 2 beree. 
 
 A young bullock. As boat. 
 
 Stem, dundee, 2 mcod kol. 
 
 Stalk. _ Race. 
 
 Stench, mooshk, bo. 
 
 Step (a), qudum, kurmpanw. 
 
 Stepchild, palak. 
 
 Steril, oojar kuUor. 
 
 Barren. 
 
 Sterling, usul, useel. 
 
STE . ( 238 ) STR 
 
 Stern, kururra, sukht. 
 
 Stew (to), panee nal rindjma. 
 
 Steward, mookhtyar, liuth tjioka. 
 
 Stick, chhittee dungoree. 
 
 Stiff, kururra, sukht, mujboot. 
 
 Stiff-necked, jidya, uryada, uree kora. 
 
 Stifle (to), ch,hipouna, looqouna, booj houna. 
 
 Suppress. 
 
 Stigma, oolama, namoshee. 
 
 Disgrace. 
 
 Still, soon, soomad. 
 
 Silent. 
 
 Still, nalee, mutee. 
 
 Distillation. 
 
 Still-born, moya hoya, jumna. 
 
 Sting, dung. 
 
 Stingy, mujee jilia, soom wurga. 
 
 Stint, (to), wunde ouna dena, b hook ha ruk hna. [kurna. 
 
 Stipulate (to), theka kurna, chooka, ujaru mamulee 
 
 Stir (to), toorya jana, hilna. 
 
 Stirrup, rukab, rukab da oda. 
 
 Stirrup leather. 
 
 Stitch (to), seeona. 
 
 Stock, kol, mood, 2 poonjee, jukeeru. 
 
 Race. Capital. 
 
 Stolen, choraya hoya. 
 
 Stomach, thed. 
 
 Stone, puthur, sila. 
 
 Stone-cutter, chiturgur, chitera. 
 
 Stool, moorah. 
 
 Stoop (to), neona, j hookna. 
 
 Stop (to), kro jana, utuk jana. 
 
 Store, tol b her, gulla. 
 
 Store-house, bol, dher or guile da kot ha. 
 
 Storm, undhera, 2 huUa kurna. 
 
 Attack. 
 
 Story, kuhanee, 2 chhuttur, choobarun. 
 
 A tale. Of a house. 
 
 Stout, b hara, mota pulya, tukra. 
 
 Stow (to), bol d her louna, lutan chora ke toorna. 
 
 Straddle (to), pangan mar mar toorna. 
 
 To walk widely. 
 
 Straggle (to)^ k hindunna, poondunna. 
 
STR ( 239 ) STU 
 
 Straight, sidha. 
 
 Strain (to), chamima, poonnee, saf kurna. 
 
 Strait, kuthin, ouk bar, tung. 
 
 Strange, uchuruj, uchumba, ulokar. 
 
 Stranger, unjan, opura. 
 
 Strangle (to), gul ghotunna. 
 
 Strap (a), oda, tusmee. 
 
 Stratagem, hikmut, chilittoor. 
 
 Straw, puralee, nar, khoree. 
 
 Of rice. Of wheat. Of sugarcane. 
 
 Stray (to), rolde ph^irna, bhut kunna. 
 
 Streak, lukeer, leeban. 
 
 Stream, dbar, bur, rer. 
 
 Strength, jor, jikoor, bimmut, qoobut. 
 
 Strenuous, trikka tej, diler, soorma. 
 
 Eager. Brave. ^ % 
 
 Stretch (to), okurna, thangurna. 
 Strew (to), kundbouna, chbuttur dena. 
 Strict, kururra, sukbt, nigur. 
 Stricture, dokhootura, 2 chher. 
 
 As of the bladder. Animadversion. 
 
 Stride (to), lumbeean, pangan marnyan. 
 
 Strife, j hanj ha, jjiugra. 
 
 Strike (to), marna, sootna, kootna. 
 
 String, dor, rusee, sooturee. 
 
 Stringent, qubzee, 2 jor bu jor, bud o budee. 
 
 Strip (to), chil lounee, 2 kupra louona. 
 
 As the bark of a tree. Off clothes. 
 
 Stripe, leehee. 
 
 Narrow shred 
 
 Stripling, moonda baluk. 
 
 Strive (to), dbuko dhukee kurnee, budo budee kurna. 
 
 Stroke, sut, chot. 
 
 Blow. 
 Stroll (to), toorya phirna. 
 Strong, tukra, mujboot, nuroha. 
 
 Struggle (to), dbuko dhukee kurnee, jorawaree kurna. 
 Strumpet, beswa, kunjuree, kusbee. 
 Strut (to), panga mar mar toorna. 
 Stubble, b hoot he, mood. 
 Stubborn, jidya, uguree, mujajee. 
 Stud, ghoran da tubela, 2 kil jurne 
 
 To adorn with. 
 
STU ( 240 ) sue 
 
 Student, sik hun wala, chatura. 
 
 Studious, arthee, meenutee. 
 
 Stuff, usbab, Vulewu, niksook, 2 toonunna, bhurna. 
 
 Furniture. To cram. 
 
 Stumble (to), ted ha lugna, nouho leiia. 
 
 As a num. As a horse. 
 
 Stump, khoond, khoongyan, 2 mochee. 
 
 As of a tree. Of wood. 
 
 Stun (to), ghush pynee, g hernee ouna. 
 
 Stupid, be uql, baola, kumla. 
 
 Stupify (to), be hosh, be soorut kurna. 
 
 Sturdy, mujboot, tukra, nuroha. 
 
 Style, liklit. 
 
 Suavity, nurmaee, huleemee, ruseelee. [udha kurna. 
 
 Subdivide (to), udh vichon, udh kurna, udhe nalon. 
 
 Subdue (to), jitna, vus kurna. 
 
 Subject, purja, ryeeut, 2 babut, uhwal. 
 
 Subjoin (to"^, jor louna, gund pouna. 
 
 Subjugate (to), jitna, vus kurna, qaboo kurna. 
 
 Submission, tabeeageeree. [pounna. 
 
 Subscribe (to), dust k hut denee, nishanee kurna, hissu 
 
 Contribute. 
 
 Subservient, kum dee, 2 subub kurke. 
 
 Useful. Instrumental. 
 
 Subside (to), hut jana, mouqoof bona. 
 Subsist, roj karee kurnee. 
 Subsistence, rojeenu. 
 Substantial, tukra, mujboot. 
 Substitute, iwujee, budulee, 2 wuttouna. 
 
 To substitute. 
 
 Subterfuge, tal mutol, ujpuj. 
 
 Subterraneous, jumeen de vich vich, vee e vee. 
 
 Subtility, chhul, chilittoor. 
 
 Cunning. 
 
 Subtract (to), ghutouna. 
 Subvert (to), ooltouna, morna, ooludna. 
 Suburbs, shuhur de putte, shuhur da oodata. 
 Succeed (to), sour jana. 
 
 As an undertaking. 
 
 Success, hasil, qismutee. 
 Succession, mul mulun wala, samban wala. 
 Successive, war o waree or veree varee. 
 Successless, be hasil, be qismutee, nub hag. 
 
sue (241 ) sms 
 
 Successor, pich hla, mugurla. 
 Succinct, thora, chhota, mutjiya hoy a. 
 
 Brief. Concise. 
 
 Succour, humayut, suhayut. 
 Succumb (to), qubool kurna, mununna. 
 Such, ese turan da, oho jiha. 
 Suck (to), choongunna, choosna. 
 Suckle (to), choou gouna, choosouna. 
 Sudden, chanchuk, itne cher vich. 
 Sue (to), dawa kurna, dyeea kurna. 
 Suifer (to), suhna, 2 hone dena. 
 
 As poison. Permit. 
 
 Sufferer, nooshqanee, janee. 
 
 A loser. 
 
 Suffice (to), bus bona, anund bona. 
 
 Sufficient, mooafiq, wurga, joga. 
 
 Suffocate (to), sab bund kurna, sab k bechunne. 
 
 Suffuse (to), chbinkunna, kbundouna. 
 
 Sugar, mishree, kooja, nishreekund. 
 
 Suggest (to), sumj houna, dusna. 
 
 Suicide, mun mar, ap g batee. 
 
 Suit, mooquddemu, qissa, j hugra. 
 
 Suitable, laeq, joga, vurga. 
 
 Suitor, ashukee. 
 
 Sully (to), purisbkt or puleet, joot ha kurna. 
 
 Sulky, wuttyaboya, burukhya boya, roolha hoya. 
 
 Sulphur, gund huk. 
 
 Sultan, sooltan, muhumud. 
 
 Sultry, wut jiha, tar jiha. 
 
 Sum, kool koola, ukut h. 
 
 Sum, (to), busab kurna, jor jorna. * 
 
 Summary, vurolya boya, muth mutb ke kudhya boya. 
 
 Abridgment. 
 
 Summer, gurmee da mouqa. 
 
 Summerset, girdunee kbanee, ooltee cbhal marnee, dund 
 
 pelnee, bajee lounee. 
 Summit, tibba, d hora. 
 Summon (to), sudun na. 
 Sumptuous, sona, qeemut dar. 
 Sun, sooruj. 
 Sunbeam, sooruj da kirna, or rushma. 
 
 H 2 
 
SUN ( 242 ) SUP 
 
 Sunburnt, sooruj nal kala lioya, or gulya hoya. 
 
 Sunday, uetwar. [pareean kurnyan. 
 
 Sunder (to), udo udee kurna, jooda jooda kurna, do 
 
 Sundial, din da undaj, dee cheez. 
 
 Sundry, turan turan dee. 
 
 Sunrise, sooruj churhun de vele. 
 
 Sunset, sooruj churhun len de vele. 
 
 Sunshine, d hoob, toar. 
 
 Sup (to), pursad kurna, rusoee kurnee. 
 
 Superable, jitun wurga, qaboo kurun wrda. 
 
 Superabundance, buhoote nal buhoota. 
 
 Superadd, morke jorna. 
 
 Superannuated, suttur bu huttarya hoya. 
 
 Superb, buhoot sona. 
 
 Supercilious, mugrooree, mujajee. 
 
 Supereminent, mushahoor naldn niushahoor. 
 
 Superexcellent, chungee nalon chungee. 
 
 Superficial, t hore vidya, phuladar vidya. 
 
 Superfine, substhon chungee. 
 
 Superfluous, wadoo, vudeek, faltoo. [kurna. 
 
 Superintend (to), nujur bajee kurna, dekha dekhee 
 
 Superior, wuda. 
 
 Superlative, subna nalon, substjion. 
 
 Supernatural, kurmatee, ootar. 
 
 Supernumerary, faltoo, vudeek, wadoo. 
 
 Superscribe (to), surnawu, likhna. 
 
 Supersede (to), oopur churhna. 
 
 Superstition, sagoonee, luchunee. 
 
 Superstruct (to), oopuron osarn 
 
 Supervise, nujur bajee kurna, dekha dekhee kurna. 
 
 Supine, soost, ghafil, dhilla, jilla. 
 
 Supper, rat da pursad or rusoee. 
 
 Supplant (to), chilittoor nal churhna. 
 
 Supple, koola, nurm, komul. 
 
 Supplement, pichhla untura. 
 
 Suppliant, bentee, minta. 
 
 Supplicate, bentee, mintee kurna. 
 
 Supply (to), dena. 
 
 Support (to), rojeenu dena. 
 
 Supportable, syhun jiha. 
 
SUP ( 243 ) SWA 
 
 Suppose (to), khyal kurna, sumj hunna. 
 
 Suppress (to), looqouna, chhipouiia. 
 
 Suppurate (to), pak pynee. 
 
 Supremacy, subna nalon, ootla hookm. 
 
 Surcharge, buhoota paona, buhoota luduniia. 
 
 Surcingle, kothul, kus. 
 
 Sure, jukeen, such mooch. 
 
 Surefooted, be nouho. 
 
 Surety, hajir jaminee, jikr jaminee, mal jaminee. 
 
 For presence. For property. 
 
 Surface, kururaee. 
 
 Surfeit (to), oobutna, oogulachna. 
 
 Surge, luhr, mouj. 
 
 Of the sea. 
 
 Surgeon, huqeem, syanee, wyeed. 
 Surly, trikka, kururra, sukht. 
 Surmise (to), sumuj hna, Jihyal kurna. 
 Surmount (to), jitna, wus kurna, qaboo kurna. 
 Surpass (to), sour jana, subna nalon, chunga bona. 
 Surplus, vudeek, wudee hooee, fadul. [pyna. 
 
 Surprise (to), uchuruj bona, uchumba bona, 2 chancbuk 
 
 Astonish. To take unawares. 
 
 Surrender, sum pyna, sunagutee, mil pyna. 
 Surreptitious, looq nal, ole nal, ch hipake. 
 
 By stealth. 
 
 Surround (to), gherna, chufere wulna, oodale pbirna. 
 Survey (to), vek hna. 
 
 Survive (to), subna nalon, buhoota jeeona. 
 Susceptible, laek, vurga, joga. 
 
 Capable of. 
 
 Suscitate (to), morke jeeona. 
 Suspect (to), bhurm kurna, jun kurna. 
 Suspense, do dila vich, doobta. 
 Suspicion, bhurm, jun, shoobu. 
 Sustain (to), subna, jurna, phulunna. 
 Sustenance, rojeenu, rojgar, rijuk, pursad. 
 Sutler, rust wala, bhun daree, jukeere wala. 
 Swagger (to), lufafu, g.hup phour marna. 
 Swallow (to), lungouna, nigul na. 
 Swamp, chekor, khoba. 
 Swap (to), wuttouna, wutto sutta kurna. 
 Sward, g hah wale jumeen. 
 
SWA ( 244 ) TAC 
 
 Swarm^ mukliyal, 2 dulee murnee, j hoond. 
 
 As Bees. As Men. 
 
 Swarthy, kala jiha, saola. 
 
 Sway, hookm. 
 
 Swear (to), soun k hanee> soogund kurnee, nem kurnee. 
 
 Sweat (to), moorka ouna, purseh ouna. [manja pherna. 
 
 Sweep, buharee phernee, soon p hernee, j haroo dena. 
 
 Sweepings, koora, hoonjoo. 
 
 Sweet, mitha. 
 
 Sweetsmelling, idiooshbo da, mitha. 
 
 Swell (to), soojunna, phoolna. 
 
 Swelling, sooj, las. 
 
 Swept, buharee dittee hooee, j haroo ditta hooa» 
 
 Swift, chhola, chulak. 
 
 Swig or swill, peena* 
 
 Swim, turna. 
 
 Swimmer, taroo. 
 
 Swindler, pujee, chhulya, chili ttooree. [lenee. 
 
 Swing (to), peeng de hoote lenee, hooje lenee, j hoote 
 
 Switch, chhutee, chhumuk. 
 
 Swoon, ghush, dundun, hunalee. 
 
 Swop (to), wuttouna, wutto sutta kurna* 
 
 Sword, tulwar. 
 
 Swordknot, chubba, phoomun. 
 
 Swordman, bholutthe baj. 
 
 Sycophant, pulosun wala, wudeeoun wala. 
 
 Syllable, udo udee ukhur. 
 
 Symbol, nishanee, synut. 
 
 Symmetry, supoorun, bunya tunya. 
 
 As of the human body. 
 
 Sympathy, dya, mihr, ruhm. 
 Symptom, nishanee, cheen, luchun. 
 Synonimous, eko jiha, ose vurga. 
 Syringe, pichkaree, b,hoor. 
 System, dhub, wadee. 
 
 T. 
 
 Table* mez, tuklit. 
 
 Tabletalk, mez, tukht oote leean gulan, 
 
 Tacit, choop keeta hoya, choop chan. 
 
TAC ( 245 ) TAR 
 
 Tack (to), milouna^ jorna, 2 dul bhoounee, odoom pase. 
 
 Unite, join. 
 
 OS pase kurna. 
 
 As a ship. 
 
 Tackle, vulewa, usbab beree da* 
 
 Ropes of a ship. 
 
 Tactics, luraee dee videea or ilm. 
 
 Art of war. 
 
 Tail, doomb, poosbul, doombchee. 
 
 Tailor, durjee. 
 
 Taint (to), boouna, moosh kouna, surhe han» 
 
 Take (to), lena, laina. 
 
 Tale, kissu, kuhanee. 
 
 Tale-bearer, niiidook, choog hul Idior, doslit. 
 
 Talented, uqlwund, videeawan, boodhwan. 
 
 Talisman, hikmutee, moho. 
 
 Talk (to), gulan kurnyan. 
 
 Talkative, bookwa k hora, galuree. 
 
 Tall, oocha, lumma. 
 
 Tallow, churbee. 
 
 Tally (to), theekmilna, odur odur milna, ode nal milou- 
 
 na, hut h wuttee vekhnee. 
 Tallness, ooclmee, lumbaee. 
 Talon, punju, poncha. 
 Tamarind, imlee, umbulee. 
 Tame, palya hoya, huth k bora. 
 Tamper, mujaj, akhur, gooman. 
 Tan (to), khul rungnee, chum rungnee, koon wala. 
 
 To cure skins. 
 
 Tangible, lohun wala, johun wala, utkulla. 
 
 Perceptible By the touch. 
 
 Tangle (to), wuletnee, wul pounee, goochee kurnee. 
 
 Tank, tala, sur. 
 
 Tanner, koonna wala, k hul or chum rungun wala, d hou- 
 
 ree rungun wala. 
 Tantalize (to), upurake torna, dik.halke na dena. 
 Tantamount, bura burabur, eko jiha. 
 Tantivy, chetee nal, shitabee nal. 
 
 With haste Full of speed. 
 
 Tap (to), toong6, tuhgle marna. 
 
 A gentle rap. 
 
 Taper, tikkah, d,hulwan. 
 Tar, gunda, buroju, goond. 
 
TAR ( 246 ) TEM 
 
 Tardy, chair nal, dernal, soostee. 
 Tare, muttur, chhola. 
 
 A kind of vetch. 
 
 Target, nishanee. 
 
 Tarnish (to), oolee lugna, kala hojana. 
 
 Tarpawling, tupoor, tupree. 
 
 Tarry (to), chair louna, der louna. 
 
 Tartly, tukkaee nal, kururee nal. 
 
 Task, sunt ha pouree, path took. 
 
 Tassel, chubba, phoomun. 
 
 Taste (to), suwad chukna. 
 
 Tasteless, be suwad, phikha, kusaila. 
 
 Tatter (to), parna, tookre or dukre dukre kurna. 
 
 Tattle (to), bookwa kurna, bukkar kurna. 
 
 Tattler, nindook, chooghul, khor, doosht, budkho. 
 
 Tavern, surah. 
 
 Taught, sikhya hoya. 
 
 Taunt (to), mehna dena, tana dena. 
 
 Tautology, mor morke, oho gul dusna. 
 
 Tawdry, poorana ootar, jurya hoya. 
 
 Tax, jug at, muhsool, chounkee. 
 
 Taxgatherer, jugatya, chubootee wala. 
 
 Tea, chaha. [sikh. 
 
 Teacher, oostad, panda, sikhalun wala, moollah, bhaee 
 
 Hindoo. Moosulman. 
 
 Tear, ret roo, unyoo. 
 Tear (to), parna, cheerna, tookre kurna. 
 Tease (to), suntouna, dookh dena. 
 Teat, choochee, boobee, thunnee t hano. 
 
 Of women. Men. Of animals. 
 
 Techy, trikka, krodhwan, hurukhwan. 
 Tedious, ouk hur ouk hur, jilla jilla, un mokh. 
 Teem (to), wudeeouna, veedeek kurna. 
 Teeth, dund dundyan. 
 Tegument, khul, chum. 
 Telescope, doorbeen. 
 Tell (to), akhna, dusna, koona. 
 Telltale, nindook, chooghul khor, doosht. 
 Temerity, ghafiltaee dee, niduree, be sochee dee, chaitee 
 Temper, mujaj. 
 
 Temper (to), ab denee, panee denee. 
 As steel. 
 
TEM ( 247 ) TES 
 
 Temperance, softee, beumulee. 
 
 Tempest, undhera. 
 
 Tempestuous, und.hera jiha. 
 
 Temple, d hurm sala, shib doala. 
 
 Temporary, t hore chair waste, thore urse leee. 
 
 Tempt (to), b hurmouna, b hemsa dena. 
 
 Tenacious, juree hooee, lugee hooee, jidya, me chaud. 
 
 As of life. 
 Tenant, samee, kirayudar. 
 
 As of land. A house. 
 
 Tend (to), jee lugna 2 nigalibajee or rukhee kurna. 
 
 Take care of. 
 
 Tender, nurm, moolaem, koola. 
 
 Tender (to), wukhala dena, nujur kurnee. 
 
 Tender-hearted, nurm dila, koole dil wala. 
 
 Tenderly, moolaem, nurm kurne. 
 
 Tendon, nusa, nara. 
 
 Tenement, ghur kot ha. 
 
 Tenet, reet dhurm. 
 
 Principle, doctrine. 
 
 Tenor, urth, gyan, mjhna, mutubul. 
 Tension, kjiechya or tunga hoya. 
 Tent, dera, tumboo. 
 Tenure, teechu, tukrar. 
 
 By which a man enjoys an estate. 
 
 Tepid, tutta, hasa. 
 
 Term, tukrar, teechu, ursu, 2 hudd wuth bunna. 
 
 Condition. Boundary. 
 
 Terminate (to), ho hutna, hudd pjnee, mooq jana. 
 
 Terrace, sufeel, furs. 
 
 Terrible, houl nak, bhy nal, ghum nal. 
 
 Terrify (to), kumbhouna, durouna. 
 
 Territory, moolk, des. 
 
 Terror, bhy, houl, dur, chinta, glium. 
 
 Tegt (to), purkhunna, parkhoo. 
 
 A tester. 
 
 Testament, murun dee likht, vuseeyut nameh. 
 
 Testate, likth likhee hooee. 
 
 Testator, likth, likhke deun wala. 
 
 Testicle, jeor. 
 
 Testify (to), oogahee dena, sahidee dena. 
 
 Testimony, oogahee, sahidee. 
 
 Testy, trikka, tej, krod hwan. 
 
TET ( 248 ) THI 
 
 Tete-a-tete, nal o nal, bura burabur, gulan kiirnyan. 
 Tether, joor, moojunna. 
 
 For a horse to prevent his straying. 
 
 Text, urtb, verwar. 
 
 Texture, tohke jachiia. 
 
 Than, se, te, thou. 
 
 Thank (to), shookr munouna, jue munounee. 
 
 Thankful, jue munoundee, bol bala kurna. 
 
 Thankless, be shookr. 
 
 That, oho. 
 
 Thatch, chhuppur. 
 
 Thatcher, ch huppur chhoun wala. 
 
 Thaw (to), gulna, dhulna. 
 
 Theatre, upk haree perh. 
 
 Thee, too, toosee. 
 
 Theft, choree. 
 
 Their, onan da, oda, osda. 
 
 Them, on boon. 
 
 Themselves, on boon. 
 
 Then, tudon. 
 
 Thence, othon. 
 
 Thenceforth, edoon baad, tudon te. 
 
 There, ot he. 
 
 Thereabout, os de, chufere. 
 
 Thereafter, pichjile nalon. 
 
 Thereat, tudon, ose kurke. 
 
 Thereby, ose subub, ose kurke. 
 
 Therefore ise leee, ede kurke. 
 
 Therein, ise vich. 
 
 Thereof, osda esda. 
 
 Thereon, tudon, itne cher vich. 
 
 Thereunder, ode bet h. 
 
 Therewith, esde nal, ode nal. 
 
 Therewithal, tan bee, tud bee, 2 edon ootle. 
 
 These, enhon. 
 
 They, oho. 
 
 Thick, mota, jubba, 2 gungulya hoya. 
 
 Close. As water. 
 
 Thicken (to), mota bharee kurna. 
 Thicket, bhoojah, j hung. 
 
 As of trees. 
 
 Thickheaded, baola, kumla, nadan, guwar, moorookh. 
 
THI ( 249 ) THR 
 
 Thickish, bharee jiha, mota jilia. 
 
 Thief, chor chor ta t hug, dharawee, pera. 
 
 Thiefcatcher, chor pukurne wala. 
 
 Thieve (to), chorana. 
 
 Thigh, put. 
 
 Thimble, ungooshtanu, (not much known). 
 
 Thin, doobla, lisa, mara, putla. 
 
 Thine, tera. 
 
 Thing, cheezwust, niksook. 
 
 Think (to), sochna, vicharna, jachna, khyal kurna. 
 
 Thinness, putee lee, nurmaee. 
 
 Third, teeja. 
 
 Thirst, thyaya, pyasa, trikka wunt. 
 
 This, eho. 
 
 Thistle, kundeala, jaha. 
 
 Thither, ot he. 
 
 Thong, las kot.hure deelas. 
 
 As of a whip. 
 
 Thorn, kunda, sool. 
 
 Thoroughfare, wuda raha or rustee. 
 
 Thoroughly, kool koolan, subo, bilkool. 
 
 Those, ona. 
 
 Thou, too, toosee. 
 
 Though, jetha, b hula je. 
 
 Thoughtful, vicharoo, sochoo. 
 
 Thoughtless, un Jdiyal ghafilee. 
 
 Thousand, hujar. 
 
 Thraldom, ghoolam poona, budra poona. 
 
 Thrash, kootna, marna, sootna. 
 
 Thrasher, koot koot, kudhun wala. 
 
 Thrashing-floor, perh, perhee. 
 
 Thread, soot, sootlee. 
 
 Threadbare, g husya hoya, d,haga tund. 
 
 Threaten (to), durouna, dhumkouna. 
 
 Three, tun. 
 
 Thrifty, joogutee. 
 
 Thrill (to), kumbunna. 
 
 Thrive (to), sour jana, bun jana, hasil h(5na. 
 
 Throat, dhaon, gulla. 
 
 Throb (to), chutunna, turup hna> d hurukna. 
 
 Throe, peer, kusees. 
 
 I 2 
 
THR ( 250 ) TIM 
 
 Throne, guddee, tukht. 
 
 Throng, dulee miirnee, b,heer. 
 
 Throttle, gul ghootna. 
 
 Through, marefut, ode huwale. 
 
 Throughbred, usul, useel. 
 
 Throughly, sara hee, subo subo. 
 
 Throughout, kol koola, kool da kool, bilkool. 
 
 Throw (to), sootna, phenkna. 
 
 Thrust (to), hole marna, hooj marna. 
 
 Thumb, ungooth. 
 
 Thump (to), kootna, marna. 
 
 Thunder (to), gujunna, gurkunna. 
 
 Thunderbolt, bijulee. 
 
 Thursday, veerwar. 
 
 Thus, ese turuh. 
 
 Thwack (to), sootna, marna. 
 
 Thwart (to), ghoosouna. 
 
 Thy, tera. 
 
 Thyself, too ap. 
 
 Tick (to), tuk tuk jana. 
 
 Ticket, hurdas. 
 
 Tickle, koot kootyan kurnyan. 
 
 Tid, nurm, moolaem, koola, tahfu. 
 
 Tide, mudd. 
 
 Tidily, soothraee nal. 
 
 Tidings, Jdiubur, uhwal, so. 
 
 Tie (to), bununna, gund denee. 
 
 Tiger, sher. 
 
 Tight, tung ghootee hooee. 
 
 Tighten, kusunna, g^hootunna, tung kurne. 
 
 Tile, kuprail. [chhut. 
 
 Tile, (to), kuprail lounee or chhutunnee, pun aleandee 
 
 Till, teek. 
 
 Till (to), jumeen sur kurnee, suwarnee or wusounee. 
 
 Tiller, halee, kusan waone wala. 
 
 Tilt (to), ooludna, ooltouna, dolna, moodee, upootakurna. 
 
 To turn over. 
 
 Timber, lukree, suteer. 
 
 A large beam. 
 
 Time, vela, wuqt. 
 
 Time (to), suwarna, bunouna. 
 
 Adapt; fit. 
 
TIM ( 251 ) TOK 
 
 Timely, wuqt suruchhe vele, mouqe pur. 
 
 Timid, clurakool, duroo. 
 
 Tin, chadur da lobar, lobar, surb lobo. 
 
 Tinct (to), rung louna, rungunna. 
 
 Tinder, sokhta. 
 
 Tinge (to), rungunna. 
 
 Tingle (to), lasa ooburneean, lot ke pynee. 
 
 To feel a sharp pain. 
 
 Tink (to), t huk tbuk kurna, tbab tbab kurna. 
 
 Tinman, cbadur de lobe wala. 
 
 Tinsel, sone dee j bal wala, soone reegota. 
 
 Tint, rung. 
 
 Tiny, chbota, nika, waona, mudra, louda. 
 
 Tip, sira, cboonj, tikkee. 
 
 Tipple (to), daroo, sburab, mud, kaif, peena. 
 
 Tipsy, umulee. 
 
 Tiptoe, pubba purne toorna, pubba bbar cbulna. 
 
 Tire (to), tbuk jana or pyna, kbulyan pynyan, tbuke 
 
 wan, cburbna. 
 Tiresome, ookbyaee, kuthin taee. 
 Tissue, soonera, gota. 
 
 Titbit, tobfee, ucburuj, cbunga, utb cbunga. 
 Titbe, bissu, wundyee. 
 
 Titbe-gatberer, bissu wundyee wundun wala, wundera. 
 Tittilate (to), koot kootee kudbnee, julloon kurnee. 
 Title, oostut oost karee, wudeeuee, jus, 2 buqq, sucb. 
 
 Right. 
 
 Titlepage, tutkura, sirnawu, mood dakboj. 
 
 Titter (to), dundan vicb busna, moonb dubke busna. 
 
 Tittle, rutee, kunee. 
 
 Tittle-tattle, uedur oodur dee gul, basba uw^re dee bat, 
 
 poocbon nika 
 To, noon. 
 Toad, dudoo, dud. 
 Toast (to), sekunna, rarna. 
 Tobacco, tumakoo, bikya, soon putta. 
 Tobacconist, tumakoo wala. 
 Toe, oongulee. 
 
 Togetber, nal nal, satb o satb, sung sung. 
 Toil (to), meenut kurnee, kar kurnee. 
 Toilsome, meenutee, aree. 
 Token, nisbanee, yad giree putta. 
 
TOL ( 252 ) TOU 
 
 Told, dusya, ak hya hoya. 
 
 Tolerable, siihun jurun wala, 2 vicheelee rasee. 
 
 Supportable. Not very bad. 
 
 Tolerate (to), hone dena. 
 Toll, jigat, muhsool. 
 Tollgatherer, jigatoo, muhsoolya. 
 Tomb> soomad, qubr, muree, siwah. 
 Tone, awaj. 
 
 Tongs, chimta, oocha, sunee. 
 
 Tongue, jeebh juban, 2 bolee, lufz. [un kooa. 
 
 Tongue-tied, jeeb h bund, thutula, goonga, goongoona. 
 Too, o bee. 
 Tool, huthyar> sundi 
 Tooth> dund. 
 
 Toothache, dundan da peer> g honanda, hunon dee peer* 
 Top, oote oopur, ootahan, 2 bangee, latoo bhumbeeree. 
 
 A child's top. 
 
 Toper, pyak, ilmulee. 
 
 Topheavy, sir b haree, oopur bhar. 
 
 Topography, jageh da verwar or uhwaL 
 
 Topping, sona, chunga, soondur. 
 
 Topple (to), dig pyna, dhy pyna> oolut pyna* 
 
 Topsyturvy^ oolt poolt, oolud poolud. 
 
 Torch, musal, wuttee. 
 
 Torchbearer> musalchee, telee. 
 
 Torment^ dook,h, durd, peer> sunkut. 
 
 Torpor> soost, kheewa. 
 
 Torrent, dulee murnee> 2 kala wugna, rer chulunna* 
 
 A crowdi As of water. 
 
 Torrid^ tutta, gurm. 
 
 Tortoise, kuch^hoo kooma. 
 
 Tortoiseshell, kuch hoo koome dee kumror or khopree. 
 
 Tortuous, vinga, turinga, wulan wala. 
 
 As a road. 
 
 Torture, durd, dookh, peer, sunkut* 
 
 Torturer, suntoun wala, sunkutee* 
 
 Toss (to), sootunna, wugouna. 
 
 Total, kool kulan, jumu, jor* 
 
 Totallyj subo kool. 
 
 T'other, dooja. 
 
 Totter (to), musa musa toorna, kiwee kiwee toorna. 
 
 Touch (to)> tohna. 
 
TOU ( 253 ) TRA 
 
 Touch-hole, puleeta. 
 
 Touchy, trikka, krodhwan. 
 
 Tough, kururra, sukht. 
 
 Tour, syhul, pherut. 
 
 Touse (to), khechna, khenjo, tamia. 
 
 Tow (to), lah jeora, rusa khechunna. 
 
 Towards, dee wul, pase, deekol. 
 
 Towel, roomal, safa, purna. 
 
 Tower, boorj h boorj hee tangoo. 
 
 Town, shuhur, pind, graon, nugur, pundrota k hera. 
 
 Toy, kudouna. 
 
 Toy (to), k hedna. 
 
 Trace (to), nishanu kurnee, khoj kud,hna. 
 
 Traces, jot, bail, urlee. 
 
 Track, churhee dundee> 2 khoj kudhna, khora kurna. 
 
 Beaten path. To track. 
 
 Tract, moolk, des. 
 
 Of country. 
 
 Tractable, huleem, ruseel, palya hoya> ghureeb* 
 
 Trade, byparee. 
 
 Tradesman, by par, wunj. 
 
 Trade wind, musoon, ikdaee, ikwasee. 
 
 Tradition, pichhlee kuhanee, wudyan dee bat. 
 
 Traduce (to), oojh, toohmut, jun, bjiurm lounee. 
 
 Traducer> ooj h, toohmut, loune wala. 
 
 Traffic, soudaguree, bypar. 
 
 Trail (to), ghuseet unna, khechunna, dhoona* 
 
 Train (to)> sikhalna, puntouna, ladee kudhna. 
 
 To form, bring up. 
 
 Train (a), damun, g hugra. 
 
 Trait, ryhut, ban, chal, wadee. 
 
 Traitor, dughebaj, khyanutee, Idiotah. 
 
 Trammel^ sungol, zunjeer, bel. 
 
 Trample (to), pyr de heth dubna, doobouna. 
 
 Trance, chilla, naroj. 
 
 Tranquil, anund tare nal, khooshee nal. 
 
 Transaction, kum, joogut. 
 
 Transcend (to), subna nalon, uge jana, ugetra jana. 
 
 Transcribe (to), ootar, ootarna. 
 
 Transfer (to), dooje noon sompna. 
 
 Transfix (to), do sulloo marna. 
 
 Transform (to), rung or soorut wuttouna. 
 
TRA ( 254 ) TRE 
 
 Tranfuse (to), dooje vich ooludiia, rulouna. 
 Transgress (to), qoosoor tuqseer louna. 
 Transgression, qoonali, tuqseer, dosh. 
 Transient, untyhur, rutee, dee rutee, reheenwala. 
 
 From tuhurna. 
 
 Transit, par jan dee goojur. 
 Transitory, betyhur, bemolut. 
 
 Translate (to), hor the dhurna, 2 tujumukurna, wutouna, 
 buna bunnouna. 
 
 Interpret. 
 
 Transmigrate (to), purdes jana, oodh jana, oojur jana. 
 
 Transmit (to), dooje tbanw gbulnee, hor the ghuhiee. 
 
 Transmute, wuttouna. 
 
 Transparent, saf, nirmul, oojagur. 
 
 Transpire (to), ho pyna or jana. [nee. 
 
 Transplant (to), k,hug ke or poot ke louna, gachee kur- 
 
 Transport (to), des nikala dena. 
 
 Transportation, deson kud hya hoya. 
 
 Transpose (to), wuttouna, budulna, wutto sitta kurna. 
 
 Trap, phaee, jalee, koorkee. 
 
 Trappings, sonap dee cheez, usbab. 
 
 Trash, nikumma, na cheez, nukisht cheez. [jumun rat. 
 
 Travail (to), junepa kurna, pyda waree da dookh. 
 
 Travel, syhul or sufur kurna. 
 
 Traveller, praona, mooshafir. 
 
 Traverse (to), tedha, vinga pase purnee. 
 
 Traverse (to), sare bhounde pherna, chufere pherna, 
 
 girdnu waee p herna. 
 Tray (a), parsha, nesha, koorlee, tubaq. 
 Treachery, khyanutee, dughedaree. 
 Treacle, goor, let. 
 
 Tread (to), pyr dhusna or rukhna, toorna. 
 Treason, khyanut, dughe daree. 
 Treasure, k,hujanu, rokuree. 
 Treasury, bukshee khanu. 
 Treasurer, bukshee, lala. 
 Treat (to), thurouna, thikhouna. 
 Treatment, sulook, soolah. 
 Treaty, soolah, thikah. 
 Treble, teeja, tihak. 
 Tree, rook h per, birich h, durukht. 
 Trellis, kira. 
 
TRE ( 255 ) TRO 
 
 Tremble (to), kumbunna. 
 Tremendous, houl da, glium da. 
 
 Awful, dreadful. 
 
 Tremour, kiimba, kamba, thur. 
 Trench, k haee. 
 
 Ditch. 
 
 Trepidation, houl, dur, kumba, thur. 
 
 Trespass (to), tuqseer lounee. 
 
 Trespasser, goonahee, tukseeree. 
 
 Tresses, walan dee meedee, puttee, joolf, chonduree. 
 
 Trial, aj mayush, kuramat, 2 jach. 
 
 Triangle, tu gootee, till koonjee. 
 
 Tribe, jat, kol. 
 
 Tribulation, sogee, humsosee, ghumee. 
 
 Tribunal, udalutee. 
 
 Tribute, hala mamula, kiraya. 
 
 Trice, sah vich, pul or dum vich. 
 
 Trick, heela, buhahu, puj, dug ha. 
 
 Trickle (to), kunyan pynyan, chhittan, pjnyan. 
 
 Trident, trisool. 
 
 Triennial, tun wurra. 
 
 Trifle, nikummu, ch,hota, be kam. 
 
 Trifler, kumul poone de nal kurun wala. 
 
 Trigger, kulla, lub lubee, lola. 
 
 Trillion, pudhun, (one hundred krores). 
 
 Trim (to), suwarna, bunouna. 
 
 Trinket, gyhna, toomb. 
 
 Trip (to), nouho lena, 2 ted ha lugna. 
 
 As a horse. As a mare. 
 
 Triple, tigunna. 
 
 Tripod, tirpaee, tin pyree. 
 
 Tripping, nouho lenda, tedha khanda thokur, wujdee. 
 
 As a horse. As a mare. 
 
 Trite, buhoot, dinan da, pooratumee. 
 Trivial, nikummu, be kumma. 
 Triumph (to), jy kurnee, jekara boolounee. 
 Triumphant, jitun wala, jetoo. 
 Troop, risalee, misl. 
 Trooper, uswar, ghor churha. 
 Trophy, sire pa loot. 
 
 Trot (to), koodunna doork doork ke jana, kootte chal, 
 dhum kura. 
 
TRO ( 256 ) TUR 
 
 Trothplight, nata, kiirmaee, sak, sugeeree. 
 
 Trouble, dookh, peer, sunkut, ghum. [deoo. 
 
 Troublesome, suntoun wala, ouk hur kurun wala, doofcli 
 
 Trough, tubaq parchu, nesha, koorlee, kasa katura. 
 
 Trounce (to), kootunna, marna, sootunna. 
 
 Trow (to), janunna, sumj hunna, kliyal kurna, pehshunna. 
 
 Trowel, kurundee, chupatulee. 
 
 Truant, bhujun wala, bhugela, nusun wala. 
 
 Trudge, pyree chulna. 
 
 True, such, suchya. 
 
 Trueborn, huqq da jumya, usul da. 
 
 Truism, sidhee bat, ulokar nuheen. 
 
 Truly, such mooch. 
 
 Trumpet, singhee, tooree, toorum. 
 
 Truncheon, chob, 2 nishanee. 
 
 Of office. 
 
 Trundle (to), reree ouna, bhoaee ouna. 
 Trunk, sundooq, d.haro, soon. 
 
 Box. Body. Of elephant. 
 
 Truss, petee, jarbund. 
 
 Trust (to), vussa kurna, b hurosa kurna, eeman kurna, 
 
 jakeen kurna. 
 Trustee, sompoo. 
 
 Trusty, b hurose jiha, vussaha jiha, dyanut dar. 
 Truth, such, suchaee. 
 
 Try (to), jachna ajmayush kurna, purtouna. 
 Tub, dhol. 
 Tube, nalee, nalkee. 
 Tubercle, gilloor, goomee, 2 phimunee. 
 
 A swelling. A pimple. 
 
 Tuck (to), tyh kurna, wulet na. 
 Tuesday, mungul war. 
 Tuft, booja j hung. 
 
 Of trees. 
 
 Tug (to), khechunna, dhoonna, g huseetna. 
 
 Tuition, sik haee. 
 
 Tumble (to), dig jana, d hy pjna. 
 
 Tumid (to), sooj hya hoya, lusya or p^hoolya. 
 
 Tumor, sog phora. 
 
 Tumult, hukama, roula, j hugra. 
 
 Tune, rag, geet, goun. 
 
 Turban, pug. 
 
tuit ( 257 ) TWO 
 
 Turbid, gungulya hoya, rubdoor. 
 
 Turbulent, hakama kurun wala. 
 
 Turf, gahchee, dhoree. 
 
 Turgid, soojya, lasya, p hoolya hoya. 
 
 Turkey, peroo. 
 
 Turmeric, huldee, wusar. 
 
 Turmoil, rukama, roula. [2 khuradna. 
 
 Turn(to), ooludunnapooludunna, ooltouna, pase marna. 
 
 Turncoat, phir phira, phere man, be sidka. 
 
 Turner, kharadoo. 
 
 Turning, wul poun da, goonjuryan pounyan. 
 
 Turnip, shulghum, koolfa. 
 
 Turpentine, tarpeen, herund da tel. 
 
 Turret, kingura. 
 
 Turtle, kuch kooma. 
 
 Turtledove, dug kubootur, gola kubootur. 
 
 Tusk, dund. 
 
 Tutor, oostad sik,halun wala, gooroo. 
 
 Twain, dowe. 
 
 Twang (to), thy thy kurnee, thurak thurak bujunee. 
 
 Tweak (to), choondee wudunnee, chootkee b hurnee. 
 
 Tweezers, oocha, chimta, sunee. 
 
 Twelfth, baruhween. 
 
 Twelve, baruh. 
 
 Twelvemonth, wurre dinan da din. 
 
 Twenty, bee, vee. 
 
 Twice, do varee. ^ 
 
 Twig, bootah jar. 
 
 Twilight, moonere da chanor, sundya da chanoon. 
 
 Twin, jora, joree. 
 
 Twinborn, joure ukuthe jumne. 
 
 Twine, sootulee, russee, doree. 
 
 Twinge (to), chusk wujunee, peer oot hunee. 
 
 Twinkle, lusa, marnyan. 
 
 Twirl (to), b houna, g hoomunna, chukkar waon p hirna. 
 
 Twist (to), wut dena. 
 
 Twit (to), oolama dena, tanu or mehna dena. 
 
 Twitter, k humb k hillana, cheen cheen kurna. 
 
 Twist, vich de yich. 
 
 Two, do. 
 
 Twoedged, do d,haree, k,hunda, 
 
 K 2 
 
TWO ( 258 ) UNA 
 
 Twofold, doogna. 
 
 Twohanded, do hutha. 
 
 Tymbal, dhol, wudda dhol. 
 
 Typical, nishanee jihee. [burdustee. 
 
 Tyranny, joolm, budo budee, jor awuree, dhuke nal ju- 
 
 Tyrant, jalim, jorawur, kururra, dhuke k hora. 
 
 Tyro, nuwa, nuwee purt. 
 
 U. 
 
 Ubiquity, hajira hiijoor, jahera juhoor. 
 Udder, huwanu, liwa liwas. 
 
 As of cow. BufFaloe. 
 
 Ugly, koo soorut, koo sona. 
 
 Ulcer, p,himunee p hora, g hao. 
 
 Ulcerate (to), phimunee, oognee. 
 
 Ulterior, pich hie nalon. 
 
 Ultimate, subna nalon pichhulee, akliiree. 
 
 Umbrageous, shaewan, chanunnee. 
 
 Umbrella, ch hutree. 
 
 Umpire, moonsub. 
 
 Unabased, be hutjiaroo, buk htawur. 
 
 Unabashed, be luj, be shurm. 
 
 Unable, na hana, be bona, un bona. 
 
 Unabolished, na hutaya, be hut. 
 
 Unacceptable, be pusund, un or na pusund jiha. 
 
 Unaccepted, na munjoor, un munya. 
 
 Unaccessible, un mil. 
 
 Unaccommodated, be ootara. 
 
 Unaccompanied, ukulla, mokulla. 
 
 Unaccomplished, un buna, be sour. 
 
 Unaccountable, be or un subub, muloom nuheen. 
 
 Unaccustomed, un ban, be wadee, ko wadee. 
 
 Unacknowledged, be o ottur un juwab. 
 
 Unacquainted, be sujan, be waqib, be myhrum. 
 
 Unadored, un mununa, be mununa. 
 
 Unadvised, be sulah, un sulah. 
 
 Unaffected, be chilittooree, be ch hul, sidha hee. 
 
 Unaided, be humayut, be suhayut, be humrahee. 
 
 Unaltered, eko jiha, be wut. 
 
UNA ( 259 ) UNB 
 
 Unambitious, be housilus. 
 
 Unamusiiig, be virich, un virich. 
 
 Unanimity, ik dilee, ik mun dee. 
 
 Unanswerable, be juwab. 
 
 Unanswered, be oottur na, oottur keeta hoya. 
 
 Unappalled, nidur, be d huruk. 
 
 Unappareled, be kupra, nungahee, nunge dhur. 
 
 Unapparent, oojagur nuheen, be jahir. 
 
 Unappeased, un munya, be munya. 
 
 Unapproved, be pusund, un pusund, pusund nuheen. 
 
 Unarmed, be hut hyar, bina shustree, klialee hut h. 
 
 Unasked, un mungya, be pooch. 
 
 Unassailable, hulle jiha nuheen, hulle mooafiq nuheen. 
 
 Unassisted, be humayut, bina suhayta or mudud. 
 
 Unattainable, un mil, vichurya hoya. 
 
 Unattempted, be jach, be puruk h, un purukh. 
 
 Unattended, ukula hee, ch hura be sat hee. 
 
 Unavailable, be faedu, be hasil, un khutya. 
 
 Unavoidable, lacharee. 
 
 Unauthorized, be hookm, un hookma. 
 
 Unawares, chanchuk, uchuruj nal. 
 
 Unawed, ni dur, nir bhou. 
 
 Unbacked, un churh, unlug, ulel. 
 
 Unbar (to), k^holna, oogarna, 2 wullee hoora lounee. 
 
 Unbattered, be dhouoo, ni d,houoo, un d hutna. 
 
 Unbeaten, un koot or soot, un mar. 
 
 Unbecoming, na laeq, na wurga, sujda nuheen. 
 
 Unbegotten, un or ni jumya, be jumya. 
 
 Unbelief, koo dharmee. 
 
 Unbeliever, be dhurm. 
 
 Unbend (to), ving kudhna, wul kud hna, chilla louona. 
 
 As a bow. 
 
 Unbenign, be dya, be ruhm, be ruseel or huleem. 
 Unbeseeming, sujda nuheen, be suj, phubda nuheen, 
 Unbewailed, nu sog, be sog. 
 Unbidden, un sud. 
 
 Uninvited. 
 
 Unbind (to), louona, kholna. 
 Unbitted, be lugam. 
 Unblemished, be ueb. 
 Unblest, be usees, na dooa. 
 
UNB ( 260 ) UNC 
 
 Unblown, doda, be phool. 
 
 As a flower. 
 
 Unblunted, tikka, tej. 
 
 Unbolt, wullee or hoora louona, k holna. 
 
 Unborn, un jumya. 
 
 Unbosom, bhed kholna, mun dee ghoondee k.holnee. 
 
 Unbound, un bud.hee, kholee hooee. 
 
 As a book. As a prisoner. 
 
 Unbounded, be hudda, un wut, be wut. 
 Unbowel, ojuree or anduran kud,hnee. 
 Unbrace, kholna, ehhudna. 
 Unbraided, k hole wal, un goot. 
 
 Open hair. 
 
 Unbred, un sikh, un Jan. 
 Unbridled, be lugam, 2 budkar. 
 Unbroken, un bun, ulel. 
 
 Untamed. • 
 
 Unbrotherly, be ruhm, be dya, be turs. 
 Unbuckle, buksooa kholna, choba louona. 
 Unbuilt, un osarya, be osar. 
 Unburied, un nupya. 
 Unburnt, un bal, be surya, nisur. 
 Unburthen, bhar or bojh louona. 
 Unbutton (to), beera or doda kholna. 
 Uncalled, un or be sud. 
 Uncancelled, un mesya. 
 Uncertain, juroor jurooran nuheen. 
 Uncertainty, be thikhana. 
 Unchain, sungol, bel kholnee. 
 Unchangeable, be or un wut. 
 Uncharitable, be dya, be ruhm. 
 Unchecked, be rok, un tok. 
 Uncivil, be uhsan, na khooshamud. 
 Uncle, chachu, tayr mama. 
 
 Paternal. Father's elder brothers. Maternal. 
 
 Unclean, puleet, nu pak, be pubitr. 
 Undipped, un wudya. 
 Unclog (to), mojunna or joor kholna. 
 Unclose (to), k holna, oojagur or jahir kurna. 
 Unclothed, kupra or leera lya hooa. 
 Unclouded, niturya hoya, kupoor jihi. 
 Uncoil, wul loune, murroreean k,holnyan. 
 
UNC ( 261 ) UND 
 
 Uncoined, un gurh, be tungsal. 
 Uncollected, be ukut h, ukut ha nuheen. 
 Uncoloured, un rungya, be rung. 
 Uncombed, un wyhya hooa, kunga na keeta hoya* 
 Uncomely, koo sona, be suj, kooroop. 
 Uncomfortable, be sookli, dookhee. 
 Uncommon, uchuruj, ulokar. 
 Uncommunicated, un dusya hoya, na dusya hoya. 
 Uncompounded, un rulya hoya. 
 Unconceived, be sumj,hya hoya. 
 Unconcern, be purwa, be chint. 
 Unconcocted, un pacha, be hajma. 
 
 Indigested. 
 
 Unconfined> blna qyd, chhoota hooa, k holya. 
 
 Unconquerable, unjit. [kurna. 
 
 Unconscionable) be nishaf, koodalutee, koodharmee 
 
 Uncouple, kholna, udo udee kurna, jooda jooda. 
 
 Uncouth, unaree, gooon. 
 
 Uncreated, unjumya, pyda na hooa. 
 
 Uncropped, un wudya, sabut. 
 
 Unction, tel, cheekunna, thundeeaee. 
 
 Uncultivated, oojar, up,hur, kuUor. 
 
 Uncurbed, tukka, tej mujajee. 
 
 Uncurl, meedyan, kholnyan, joora kholna. 
 
 Uncurtailed, un ghut sumoochu, poora> sabut, subooL 
 
 Uncut, un wudya, krota hoya. 
 
 Standing. 
 
 Undamaged be nooshqan, un jan, sumoochu, suboot* 
 
 Undaunted, nidur, nir b hou, be ghum. 
 
 Undaggled, be j humuk. 
 
 Undecayed, un surya, hurya. [kurna. 
 
 Undeceive (to) sumjhouna, chitouna, dusna, oojagut 
 
 Undecided, juko tukke nal or kurke. 
 
 Undefiled. pak, pubitr hoya. 
 
 Undefined, un v^ut, be hudd, 2 oojagur nuheen. 
 
 Unlimited. Not apparent. 
 
 Undeniable, un mooqur, suchee khuree. 
 Undeplored, be sog, un ghum, be chint hoya. 
 Under, heth. 
 
 Underbid (to), mol ghut, bolna, mol t,hora bolna. 
 Underfoot, pyr de heth, tulee. 
 
UND ( 262 ) UND 
 
 iJndergo (to), syhiia, jurna. 
 tJnderground, jumeen de het h, tule. 
 Underhand, chhulya, chilittooree. 
 Underived, usul da usul. 
 
 Original. [nee. 
 
 Underline (to), sutturan heth likhna or leek k hechir- 
 Undermine (to), soorung lounee, hethon pola kurna 
 
 vigarna. 
 Undermost, subna nalon heth. 
 Underneath, heth, tule, hut ha han. 
 Underrate (to), mol g.hut kurna, mol t hora kurna. 
 Undersell, hor na nalon, susta vechna. 
 Underservant, hutharoo, noukur. 
 Understand fto), sumjhna, boojhna, muloom kurna, 
 
 vicharna, janunna. 
 Understanding, uql, chutraee, soogr taee. 
 Undertake (to), hut hee kum kurna, upne ap kum kurna. 
 Undertaking, kum, kar. 
 Undervalue (to), mol ghut kurna. 
 Underwood, booje j har chhote, mule. 
 Undescribed, un jan, be muloom, verwar, sikhya naheen. 
 Undeserved, laeq da nuheen, na laeq. 
 Undesigned, un jan, poona be jan. 
 
 Not intended. 
 
 Un desired, un chah, be chaha, be lor. 
 Undestroyed, un vigurya, sourya hooa, bunya hoya. 
 Undetermined, thy ray a nuheen, juko tukke nal. 
 
 Undecided. 
 
 Undigested, un puch, be hajma. 
 
 Undiminished, un ghut sumoochee, sara hee, suboo, sa- 
 
 bit da sabit, suboot. 
 Undirected, be sirnawu, be putta. 
 
 As a letter. 
 
 Undiscerned, disda, or deeda nuheen, undit. 
 Undisciplined, be een, be joogut. 
 Undiscovered, oojagur jahir hoya nuheen. 
 Undisguised, sid ha, sucha, k huree, be chilittooree. 
 Undisturbed, sookhee, be sunta, aram or sookhnal. 
 Undo (to), k holna, louna. 
 Undone, vigurya hoya, 2 moodun shoya. 
 
 Ruined. 
 
 Undoubtedly, be shuqq, ni sung, juroor bur juroor. 
 
UND ( 263 ) UNF 
 
 Undress, kupra or leera louona, ootarna or k holna. 
 Undulate (to), dol na, hilunna, t bur t hulouna. 
 
 As the earth. As water. 
 
 Uneasy, chinta vich, chit vunee. 
 
 Uneaten, k hada nuheen hooa, un k hada. 
 
 Unemployed, be rojgar, vela, bhar. 
 
 Unencumbered, be bhar, lutta hoya. 
 
 Unendowed, be daj, dajon suknee. 
 
 Unengaged, kum lugee nuheen. 
 
 Unenlightened, un sik hya, un purh, un jan. 
 
 Unentertaining, un virich. 
 
 Unenvied, be rees, nu killush. 
 
 Unequal, iko jiha naheen, wuda chhota. 
 
 Unequaled, eh de vurga nuheen, ulokar. 
 
 Unequivocal, be jun, sucha. 
 
 Unerring, un bhool, be vusar. 
 
 Unessential, juroor jurooran nuheen. 
 
 Uneven, pudra nuheen, dhibur dhore. 
 
 Unexamined, be jach, un jach. [kar. 
 
 Unexampled, eh da vurga nuheen, un hooee hooee, ulo- 
 
 Unexceptionable, theek bu theek, huqq, such. 
 
 Unexecuted, un bunya. 
 
 Unexemplified, un dit, be duleel. 
 
 Unexercised, be dhub ko adee, un ban, be ban. 
 
 Not practised. 
 
 Unexhausted be mooq hoya. 
 
 Unexpected, chanchuk, uchuruj, poo churuj. 
 
 Sudden. 
 
 Unexplored, un dit, ditta naheen. 
 Unfaded, hurya, un sookh, khirya hoya. 
 Unfailing, un ghut, b6 toot, un mook. 
 Unfair, j hoot.ha, be sucha, kooryal. 
 Unfaithful, be wussaha, nimuk huram. 
 Unfathomed, be ut haha, be hath pu pata hoya. 
 Unfatigued, un t huk. 
 Unfavorable, mara, varan, k hotah. 
 Unfeasible, un hon wala. 
 Unfeathered, be pyr, nira poora, boat. 
 Unfed, be khilaya, un khada, bhook ha. 
 Unfeeling, be ruhm, be dja. 
 Unfeigned, un puj, sucha" 
 Unfelt, un jan, be muloom. 
 
UNF ( 264 ) UNH 
 
 Unfetter (to), sungol or junjeer louona. 
 
 Unfilial, pootr laeq nuheen, koo pootr. 
 
 Unfinished, un bunya, udh viritr. 
 
 Unfit, na laeq joga vurga naheen. 
 
 Unfix (to), louona, ootarna, kholna. 
 
 Unfledged, boat, pur nuheen. 
 
 Unfold, tyh k holunee, p holunee. 
 
 Unforbidden, munne nuheen. 
 
 Unforeseen, un dit, chanchuk. 
 
 Unforgiving, un ruchya, be khimma. 
 
 Unforgotten, un bhool, be visur. 
 
 Unformed, un bunya, ud h viritr. 
 
 Unfortified, un ola, nunga hee. 
 
 Unfortunate, be nuseeb, nu bjiag. 
 
 Unfrequented, un ouona, jouona, be ouna jounna. 
 
 Unfriendly, be hit, un pyar. 
 
 Unfruitful, ni phul, be phula. 
 
 Unfulfilled, un bunya, na hoy a. 
 
 Unfurl, kholna, laona, 2 dul laonee. 
 
 As a sail of ship. 
 
 Unfurnished, be usbab, khalee. 
 Ungainly, koo roop, koo sona, 2 unaree, koo shall, 
 Ungathered, un torya, un choonya. 
 Ungenerous, soom, mujee. 
 
 Niggardly. 
 
 Ungenteel, be suj, na phub. 
 
 Ungird (to), kumur kholnee, luk kholna. 
 
 Unglue (to), jor k holna. 
 
 Ungodly, be dhurmee, koo dhurmee. 
 
 Ungovernable, be tabeea, be hookm. 
 
 Ungraceful, unaree koo sona. 
 
 Ungranted, ditta, un ditta. 
 
 Ungrateful, be shookr, be sidook. 
 
 Unguarded, tukra hoshiar nuheen, ghafil, be ola. 
 
 Not defended, careless. 
 
 Unguent, ehee kunee tel, t hyn da. 
 Unhappy, dook heh, sogwan, dook h wan. 
 Unharmed, sula mutee. 
 Unharness (to), saj louona. 
 Unhealthy, mara panee, mundee huwa. 
 
 As climate. 
 
 Unheard, un soonya. 
 
UNH ( 265 ) UNK 
 
 Unheated, tliunda, surd. 
 Unheedful, ghafil, dhilla. 
 
 Careless. 
 
 Unhelped, ukula hee. 
 
 Alone. 
 
 Unhewn, un gurhya. 
 
 As a stone. [k hoolna. 
 
 Unhinge, choot hee louonee, chool gudhunnee, koolj 
 
 Unholy, be d hurmee, koo dhurmee. 
 
 Unhonored, be ijjut, be put. 
 
 Unhoped, be asa hoya, nir asa hoya. 
 
 Unhorse (to), ghore ooton oo.tarna. 
 
 Unhospitable, be mihmanee. 
 
 Unhumbled, mugroor, mujajee. 
 
 Unhurt, be nooshqan or jan. 
 
 Uniform, ek o jihe, bura burabur, 2 wurdee. 
 
 Of a soldier. 
 
 Unimaginable, be sumj h, nn sumj,hunee. 
 
 Unimpeached, be dawa, un dawa. 
 
 Unimportant, thoree gul. 
 
 Uninformed, un sikhya, un jan. 
 
 Uninhabitable, un tjhur, rehun wala nuheen. 
 
 Uninhabited, oojar, khalee, sukna 
 
 Uninjured, be mooshqan, sulamutee nal. 
 
 Uninstructed, un sik,hya, un purh. 
 
 Unintelligible, sumuj h wala nuheen. 
 
 Unintentional, un jan, un jan pooue nal. 
 
 Unintermixed, un rulya hoya, be milya. 
 
 Uninterrupted, be rok. 
 
 Uninvited, be boolaya, un sudya, be neoonda. 
 
 Union, milap, soolah. 
 
 Unit, ekum. 
 
 Unite (to), milouna, rulouna. 
 
 Unitedly, rule hooe or mil aye hooe nal. 
 
 Unity, mel, milap. 
 
 Universal, sara hee. 
 
 Universe, doonya, khilqut. 
 
 Unjust, be nishaf, be insaf. 
 
 Unkennel, kudhna, kud h dena. 
 
 Unkind, be ruhm, be ihsan, be moh. 
 
 Unknit (to), oonnea, hoya, hoderna, g hoondyan k holne. 
 
 Unknowing, unjan, be waqib, be myhrum. 
 
 l2 
 
UNL ( 2G6 ) UNN 
 
 Unlade, bhar or bojh louoiia or ootnrna. 
 
 Unlawful, be shuruli, be hookm, be d hiirm. 
 
 Unlearned, ugyan, be ilmee. 
 
 Unleavened, be kliumeer, sujura. 
 
 Unless, jet ha. 
 
 Unlettered, un sikhya, be ilmee, un purliya. 
 
 Unlevelled, pudra nalieen, dhibur dliorean wala. 
 
 Unlike, vurganulieen,jilia nuheen, bura burabar nulieen. 
 
 Unlimited, be hudd, be wut, be bunna. 
 
 Unlink (to), sungol k holna, lah louonee, janjeer kholnee. 
 
 Unload, bhar boj h louona or ootarna. 
 
 Unlock (to), jundra k holna. 
 
 Unloose (to), k holna, louona. 
 
 Unlucky, be nuseeb, ni bhag. 
 
 Unman (to), odur jan, oodas hojana. 
 
 Unmanageable, be labeea, un wus. 
 
 Unmannered, be sulook, koo soola. 
 
 Unmanured, arooree ne pyee hooee. 
 
 Unmarried, unveeaha, koara. 
 
 Unmask (to), ghoond k holna, moonh oogarna. 
 
 Unmastered un sourya hoya, vichulya hoya. 
 
 Unmatched, be jora, ulokar, uchuruj, uchumba. 
 
 Unmeant, un jan poona, be jach. 
 
 Unmeasurable, un mehn, be har. 
 
 Unmeet, phubta nuheen, joga wurga nuheen. 
 
 Unmerciful, be turs, be dja, be ruhm. 
 
 Unmerited, be qudr, un qudr. 
 
 Unmilked, un choya, sunnul. 
 
 Unmindful, ghafil, be cheta, vusaroo. 
 
 Unmingled, un rulya hoya. 
 
 Unmitigated, un ghutya hoya. 
 
 Unmoistened, sookhee, sook,h b hurooree hooee hooee. 
 
 Unmolested, be suntaya hoya. 
 
 Unmoor (to), kholna, beree kholnee. 
 
 As a boat. 
 
 Unmoved, unhulya hoya, gudya hoya, undolya hoya. 
 
 Unmourned, be soogee, un houl. 
 
 Unmuzzle, chheka louona, moonh kholna. 
 
 Unnamed, be jikr. 
 
 Unnatural, kutor taee, kururra. 
 
 Cruel. 
 
 Unnavigable, beree toorun, wurgee nuheen. 
 
UNN ( 267 ) UNP 
 
 Unnecessary, loree da nuheen, be lor. 
 Unneighbourly, be mihrwanee, be dya. 
 Unnumbered, unginut, be shoomar. 
 Unobeyed, be hookma, un hookma. 
 Unobservable, un dit, be dit. 
 Unobstructed, be rok, be utkao, k hola hoya. 
 Unobtained, un lubhya, guwatee hooee. 
 Unoccupied, khalee sukna, vela. 
 Unoffending, be goonahee, be tuqseer. 
 Unopened, un k holya, budha hooa. 
 
 Closed. 
 
 Unopposed, mooqabilu ne hoya. 
 
 Unpack (to), k holna louona. 
 
 Unpaid, un ditta, roopyu na ditta hooa. 
 
 Unpallatable, chukun wala nuheen, suwad jiha nuheen. 
 
 Unparrelled, be burabur, ulo kar, uchur, jiha nuheen. 
 
 Unpardonable, chimma or k himma, ruchya laeq nuheen. 
 
 Unpardoned, ruchya hoee hoee nuheen. 
 
 Unparted, udo udee nuheen, ukutha. 
 
 Collected. 
 
 Unpatronized, be humrah, be purwust. 
 
 Unperceived, un dekhya, un dit, be muloom. 
 
 Unpitied, be ruhm, be dya, ch hudya hoya. . 
 
 Unplanted, un beejya, unluga. 
 
 Unpleasant, na khoosh, be rajee. 
 
 Unploughed, un wyheea, up hur. 
 
 Unpolished, be uhsau. 
 
 Unpolluted, pubitr, pak, soocha. 
 
 Unpopular, be pusund. 
 
 Unpossessed, be dukhla. 
 
 Unpractised, be wadee, koadee. 
 
 Unpraised, be sulaya, be tareef. [been. 
 
 Unprecedented, be burabur, ulokar, uchumba, jiha nu- 
 
 Unpremeditated, be wuchar, be soch, be jach. 
 
 Unprepared, un bunya, be tyar. 
 
 Unpretending, sidha, bhola, be chhul, sid pudra. 
 
 Unprincipled, uguree, mujajee. 
 
 Unprinted be ch hapya. 
 
 Unprized, boora munya. 
 
 Unproclaimed, dubya hoya, looqaya hoya, be oojagur. 
 
 Unprofaned, pubitr, pak, purisht nuheen. 
 
 Unprofitable, be lubh, be hasil, nufe t hon bina. 
 
UNP ( 268 ) UNR 
 
 Unprohibited, munu nuheen, hutuk nuheen. 
 
 Unprolific, un phul, be phul. 
 
 Unpromising, jiha naheen, be hasil. 
 
 Unpronounced, un kooa, un dus. 
 
 Unpropitious, koo luchun, be faiedu. 
 
 Unproportioned, hisse wala nuheen, be wund, un wund. 
 
 Unproposed, be pochya, be akhya. 
 
 Unprosperous, koo luchun^ be faiedu, unkhirtya. 
 
 Unprotected, be humayut, be suhayut, un ruchya. 
 
 Unproved, be duleel, sabit, suboot nuheen. 
 
 Unprovided, un hoya, pas nuheen. 
 
 Unprovoked, be chhair, be khij h. 
 
 Unpublished, un hokya, be oojagur. 
 
 Unpunished, be suza, be nuseehut. 
 
 Unpurchased, un mola mooklitee. 
 
 Unpurified, chitta, pak, nuheen keeta^ 
 
 Unpursued, peechhe na pya, mugur na luga. 
 
 Unqualified, wurga nuheen, laeq jiha nuheen. 
 
 Unquenchable, boojhun wala nuheen, putun wala 
 
 nuheen. 
 Unquestionable, bura jtiroor, juroor jurooran, la juroor. 
 Unravel (to), wul kholne, muroryan kholnyan. 
 Unread, un purh, be viddea. 
 Unreasonable, be nishaf, be uql. 
 Unreave (to), kholna, lou5na, wul kholne. 
 Unrebuked, un tokya, un wurjya, na hutkya. 
 Unreclaimed, un sourya hoya, be sourya, vichulya hoya. 
 Unrecompensed, un wuttya, be iwuzee. 
 Unreconciled, un munya, root ha hoya. 
 Unrecounted, un dusya, verwarna, k hola hoya. 
 Unreduced, un ghutya. 
 Unreformed, un sourya hoya, vichulya hoya. 
 Unrefreshed, be tur, un tar. 
 Unregarded, be pyar, un hit, 2 nuditta, untuk. 
 
 Unseen. 
 
 Unregenerate (to), uguree, mijaiee, ko usul. 
 Unregistered, be duftur, un lik ht. 
 Unrelenting, be ruhm, be dya. 
 Unrelieved, be suhayut, be mudud. 
 Unremarkable, mushahoor nuheen, oojajur nuheen. 
 Unremitted, un mor, na morya, 2 be ruchya. 
 
UNR ( 269 ) UNS 
 
 Unremoved, na wuttya, na khurya hoya. 
 
 Unrepaid, un ditta, un morya. 
 
 Unrepented, be pucho tawa, cliinta nuheen* 
 
 Unreplenished, un b hurya, khalee, sukna* 
 
 Unreproached, un mehna, be tana, be oolamu* 
 
 Unreproved, un tokya. 
 
 Unrequested, be urz, na urz. [chhipya, be looq* 
 
 Unreserved, na kol, be mood rukhya, 2 be looqya, un 
 
 Unresisted, be wudeekee, na buraburee. 
 
 Unresolved, un thyreea, na thyr. 
 
 Unrestored, un morya, hoya. 
 
 Unrestrained, un rokya, un wurujya, be dukya. [hoya. 
 
 Unrevealed, oojagur or jahir nuheen, bhet na khola 
 
 Unrevenged, un wutta, be budla. 
 
 Unrewarded, be inam, un buksh, be budla. 
 
 Unriddle (to), bat kholnee, wul kholnee. 
 
 Unrighteous, be dhurm, koodhurm, uguree. 
 
 Unrip, un cheerya, un parya hoya. 
 
 Unripe, kuchha, pilla, nu puk. [uchuruj. 
 
 Unrivalled, vurga jiha nuheen, ede wurga nuheen, ulokar, 
 
 Unrol (to), kholna, ooderna, pholna. 
 
 Unroof, chhuppur ootarna louona. 
 
 Unruffled, un krodhee, be hurukh. 
 
 Unruly, be hookma, be tabeea. 
 
 Unsafe, be sulamutee. 
 
 Unsalted, be loona, uloona. 
 
 Unsatiable, na oogulej, b hooka rehna. 
 
 Unsatisfactory, na rajee, be rajee. 
 
 Unsatisfied, na rajee. 
 
 Unsavory, un suwad, be suwad, kusaila. 
 
 Unseal, mohr k holnee. 
 
 Unsearchable, un d hera, looqaya hoya, k hoj wala nuheen» 
 
 Unseasonable, be mouqu, ko wela, be mosum, be buhan 
 
 Unseasoned, be suwad, kusaila, koorunga, koura. 
 
 Unseeming, be phub, be suj, koo sona. 
 
 Unseen, un ditta, un vekh. 
 
 Unseparated, udo udee nuheen, ukuth. 
 
 Unserviceable, be kam, ni kumma, vela. 
 
 Unsettled, un thyr, be thyr. 
 
 Unsevered, un wud, un soot, k rota hoya, kholaee. 
 
 Unshackle, sungol or junjeer, bail, k.holnee. 
 
UNS ( 270 ) UNS 
 
 Unshaken, undol, tikkya lioya, thyrya hoya. 
 Unsheath (to), khechunee, kudhunee. 
 Unshed, un dol, ni cholak. 
 Unsheltered, be ola, be urtula. 
 Unshod, nungee pyr, bina jootee. 
 Unshorn, un moonya, be moonya. 
 Unsifted, un chanya, soore sumet. 
 Unsightly, koo sona, koo roop. 
 Unskilful, be hoonur, un videea, un purh. 
 Unsociable, be milap, vichurya, hoya. 
 Unsold, un vechya, na vechya. 
 Unsoldierlike, sipahee wurga nuheen. 
 Unsolved, khola nuheen, mokula nuheen, bud ha hoya. 
 Unsorted, be chant, rulya hoya. 
 Unsought, be khoj, nu khoj. 
 Unsound, tukra nuheen, lisa, mara, pola. 
 
 Hollow. 
 
 Unsown, un beejya, suknee khalee. 
 
 Unspared, un buchaya, be buchaya. [been. 
 
 Unspeakable, dusun walee nuheen, soonoun wurgee nu- 
 
 Unspecified, be jikr, un ak h. 
 
 Unspent, be khurchya, khurchon wudya hoya. 
 
 Unspied, be tuk, un dit, un vekli. 
 
 Unspilt, un dolya, un doola. 
 
 Unspoiled, un vigurya, sourya hoya. 
 
 Unspotted, be dagh, un dagh, be lug, un shoun shootee. 
 
 Unstable, pae dar nuheen, thjr nuheen, ustit nuheen. 
 
 Unstaid, do chitta, lae lug. 
 
 Tickle. 
 
 Unstained, un dagh, un rungya. 
 Unsteadfast, juko tuke nal, un paedar. 
 
 Irresolute. 
 
 Unsteeped, un b hina, sook ha. 
 Unstinted, mun b hounda, ditta hoya. 
 Unstopped, un rokya, be hutuk. 
 Unstraightened, vinga, tedha, ving turinga. 
 Unstrenghtened, be humrah, be suhayuta. 
 
 Unassisted. 
 
 Unstring (to), k holna, louona. 
 Unstruck, unsootya, be marya. 
 Unsubdued, un jit, be wus. 
 Unsubstantial, tukra nuheen, mara. 
 
UNS ( 271 ) UNT 
 
 Unsucceeded, un sourya, vigurya lioya, vichulya hoya. 
 
 Unsuccessful, klialee suknee, un sourya, uewee qiwee. 
 
 Unsucked, un choosya, un choongya. 
 
 Unsufferable, un suha, be suha, be jur. 
 
 Unsuitable, joga, vurga, laeq nuheen. 
 
 Unsullied, un pirishtya, un puleet, be puleet, un joot. 
 
 Unsupported, be humayut, humrah thon bine, be suha- 
 
 yuta. 
 Unsuspected, be bhurni, be jun. 
 Unsustained, un suha, be jur, un j hul. 
 Unswayed, be wus, be bookm, un moonha. 
 Unsworn, bina soun, un soun, be soogund. 
 Untainted, un mooshk, be mooshk. 
 Untalked of, oojagur nuheen, be jahir. 
 Untamed, un palya. 
 Untasted, un chutya, un singya. 
 Untaught, un sik hya. 
 
 Untempted, un b hurmya, be b hurmya, ni bhurm. 
 Untenable, ruhun wala nuheen. 
 
 Untenanted, be samee, un samee, samee war, thon bina. 
 Untendered, un wuk halya, wuk hale thon bina. 
 Unthankful, be shookr. 
 Unthinking, be khyal, un Idiyal. 
 Unthought of, un soch. 
 
 Unthread (to), soot k holna, ooderna, uterna. 
 Unthreatened, un dhumkya. [hoonu. 
 
 Unthrifty, be joogutee, joogut thon bina, joogut, wu- 
 Unthriving, be hasil, un sour. 
 Unthrone, guddee ooton, ootarna tuk hton louona. 
 Untie, k holna. 
 Until, teek, tuk, jud, teek. 
 
 Untilled, jumeen un wus, be suwaree, un source. 
 Untimely, koo vela, be wuqt, un mouqu. 
 Untired, un t,huk, de thikewa. 
 Untitled, un jus, oostut thon bina. 
 Unto, teek, tuk, judon teek. 
 Untold, un dusya. 
 Untouched, un tohya, un chooya. 
 Untoward, mara, vuran, munda. 
 Untraced, un khojya. 
 Untracked, un k.hojya, khoj, ne lub ha. 
 
UNT ( 272 ) UNW 
 
 Untractable, un palya. 
 
 Untrained, un sik hya, be puntaya, ulail. 
 
 Untransferrable, sompun wala nuheen, un sorap. 
 
 Untransparent, be nirmul. 
 
 Untravelled, un syhul, be syhul, phirt t.hon bina. 
 
 Untried, un jachya, be ajmayush. 
 
 Untrimmed, un suwarya, un bunya. 
 
 Untrodden, be khoobha, un dhus. 
 
 Untroubled, un dook h, be sunta. 
 
 Untrue, j booth. 
 
 Untrusty, be bhurosa, un wussa, be jukeen. 
 
 Untruth, j hoot h, j booth moot h, suchee naheen. 
 
 Unturned, be oolta, un lud, be poolud. 
 
 Untutored, un sikhya. 
 
 Untwine, wul kholna, murorean kudhnyan. 
 
 Unvail, ghoond k.holna, boorqa louona, pulla louona. 
 
 Unvalued, be qumut, be qudr. 
 
 Unvanquished, un jitya. 
 
 Unvaried, eko jiha, be wut. 
 
 Unvarnished, be j huluk, lishkda nuheen, be rung. 
 
 Unveil (to), g hoond k holna, boorqa louona, pulla louona. 
 
 Unversed, be hikmutee, un sikh 
 
 Un vexed, un krodhee, krod,h thon bina, santh kee. 
 
 Unviolated, be nooshqan or jan, untootya, 2 sut walee, 
 
 Unvisited, un milya, un ditta, moolaqat thon bina. 
 
 Unused, un wurt, vela. 
 
 Unusual, uchumba, uchuruj, ulokar. 
 
 Unutterable, dusun wala naheen. 
 
 Un warlike, jung jiha naheen, luraee vurga nuheen, jung 
 
 wala nuheen. 
 Unwarned, chitaya nuheen, sudya nuheen. 
 Unwarrantable, w^uj hon thon bina, qaede t.hon bahun 
 Unwarranted, be shurt, be luk, un mor. 
 Unwary, be ehousukh, be choost, unsoo. 
 Unwashed, un dhoya, un dhota, un nuhata. 
 Un weakened, qoobut wala, tukra, mujboot. 
 Unwearied, un t hukya. 
 
 Unwedded, un veeaha, veeah, thon bina, koara. 
 Unweighted, un tolya, un jokya. 
 Unwelcome, be sulook, un sulook, wutya hoya, be adur, 
 
 be bhar. 
 
UNW ( 273 ) UPS 
 
 Unwell, rogee, beram, munohan. 
 
 Unwept, un roya, nu pit. 
 
 Unwhipt, un kootya, nu marya. 
 
 Unwholesome, uch ha nuheen, mandu. 
 
 Unwieldy, chookun wurga nuheen, uth bharee, git tee 
 
 suman. 
 Unwilling, be rajee, be Miooshee. 
 Unwiped, un pochya, un poonjya, un j hnrya. 
 Unwise, be uql. 
 Unwished, un chaha, be chaha. 
 Unwithstood, un suha hoya, be jurya hoya. 
 Unwitnessed, un ditta, be oogaha. 
 Unwittingly, un jan poona, bhool kurke. 
 Unwonted, un ootha uchuruj, ulakar. 
 Unworthy, na laeq, mara, munda. 
 Unwound, oderya hoya, k holya hoya. 
 Un wreath (to), wul khol nee. 
 Unwritten, un likhya hoya. 
 Unwrought, un bunya, un bun. 
 Unwrung, un laga, be laga. 
 Unyielded, un ditta hoya. 
 Unyoke (to), punjalee on, chhudna. 
 Up, oote. 
 
 Upbear (to), chookna, chukna. 
 Upbraid (to), hur kunna, dut kunna, wurujna. 
 
 Upcast (to), boor g,houna, urnur bochee sootna, ochalna. 
 
 Upheld, chookya hoya, thumya hoya, suharya hoya. 
 
 Uphill, churhaee, bikree, oukhee. 
 
 Upholder, suhayutee humraher. 
 
 Uplift, (to), chookunna, ootjiouna. 
 
 Upmost, subna nalon oote. 
 
 Upon, oote, oopur, oota han. 
 
 Upper, ootla, ootula. 
 
 Uppermost, subna thon ootla. 
 
 Uppish, trikkee, mujajee, tej. 
 
 Upraise (to), wudouna, wada kurna. 
 
 Upright, sidha, krotateer jiha. 
 
 Uproar, rowla hukama, dunga, fusad, j hugra j hanj ha. 
 
 Uproot, juran thon pootunna, moodon poOtunna. 
 
 Uprouse (to), jugouna, oot,halna. 
 
 Upshot, hasil, unt. 
 
 M 2 
 
UPS ( 274 ) VAL 
 
 Upside, ootule pase, ootule wul. 
 
 Upstart, nuwa rujya, nuwa doulut wala. 
 
 Upward, ootahan noon. 
 
 Urbanity, uhsanee, huleemee, ruseelee. 
 
 Urchin, moonda chokura, lurka. 
 
 Urethra, sooroo. 
 
 Urge, (to), chhairna, toomunna, ukou unna. 
 
 Urgent, juroor jurooran, loreeda. 
 
 Urine, moot, peshab, cheeta. 
 
 Us, ussee, ap an, jigo. 
 
 Usage, ban wada, dhub, dustoor. 
 
 Use, kum, kar. 
 
 Useful, kum dee, loree dee. 
 
 Useless, ni kimmee, kumdee naheen, be lor. 
 
 Usher, sikhalun wala, oostad. 
 
 Usual, uksur. 
 
 Usurer, byajee, reea mittee khora. [lena. 
 
 Usurp, be na huqq lena, jubur dustee lena, khona phur 
 
 Usurper, khoroo, phurun lene wala. 
 
 Usury, byaj, mittee. 
 
 Utensil, bjianda, vurtun. 
 
 Uterine, kokh da, nab,h. 
 
 Utility, kum da. 
 
 Utmost, nihayut, buhoot buhoota, uth buhoota. 
 
 Utter (to), akhna, dusna, koona, bolunna. 
 
 Uxorious, istree vus, teemee vus, run wus. 
 
 V. 
 
 Vacant, khalee, sukna. 
 
 Vacate, khalee kurna, chhudna, tyagna. 
 
 Vacation, vela, aram vich. 
 
 Vacuity, khalee hee, sukha, un b hurya. 
 
 Vagabond, Idiotah, kuchura, budjat, budmash. 
 
 Vagary, mouj, luhr, wyhm. 
 
 Vagrant, phirtoo, b houndoo, rud kuluk. 
 
 Vail (to), ch hipouna looqouna, ola kurna. 
 
 Vain, be hasil, be faiedu, 2 khood khoodan. 
 
 Fruitless. Conceited. 
 
 Vale, k,hud, k hoond, polar. 
 
VAL ( 275 ) VEN 
 
 Valediction, videea, rookbsut, tor dena. 
 
 Valiant, diler, soormut wala, ni dur. 
 
 Valid, chungee usul dee usul. 
 
 Valley, polar khund khoond. 
 
 Valour, soormutee, dileree, huth, 
 
 Valuable, qeemut wala, qeemutee. 
 
 Value (to), qeemut kurnee. 
 
 Valueless, be qeemut. C 
 
 Vanguard, ugare guard, ugla jillu, ugare da dufur. 
 
 Vanish (to), looq jana, nujur on chhip jana. 
 
 Vanity, mugrooree, mujajee, Idiood pusundgee. 
 
 Vanquish, jitna, vus kurna, jit lena. 
 
 Vantage, lubh lob h trishuna, faedu, suwad. 
 
 Vapid, phika, kusela, buk buka, be suwad. 
 
 Vapour, uhwar, dhoond, goobaree. 
 
 Variable, wuton wala, rung bu runga. 
 
 Variance, j hugra, j hanjha. 
 
 Variegate (to), rung oote, rung churhouna, runge hooe 
 
 noon, rungouna. 
 Various, ruqm ruqm, turan dee. 
 Varnish (to), runga, j.hulkouna. 
 Vary, wut wutou, udul budul. 
 Vast, khola, mokula, wudeon wuda. 
 Vault (to), koodunna, 2 j haredar, j.halur wala. 
 
 Vaulted, arched. 
 
 Vaunt (to), ghup mama, p hour or lif afu marna, yuqoor 
 
 marna. 
 Veer (to), chou wayeear wugna, chufere dee wao. 
 Vegetable, turkaree, tur turkaree. 
 Vegetate (to), oogunna, jumunna, phootunna. 
 Vehement, tukkee, tej, dhar. 
 Vehicle, guddee, rera, gud. 
 Veil (to), looqouna, chhipouna, boorqu lena, goond h 
 
 kud hna, pulla lena. 
 Vein, nar, rug. 
 Velocity, chetee, shitabee. 
 Velvet, muk,h mul. 
 
 Vend (to), vechna, bechna, kliurchna. 
 Venerate (to,)ijjut kurnee, hut bunounee, pukh rukhna. 
 Venereal, ghurmee bad, dhant sojaj, bad feerung, jyr 
 
 war. 
 
VEN ( 276 ) VIC 
 
 Venery, b,hog, sung, fail. 
 
 Vengeance, wutta, budla, varee. 
 
 Venom, veo, nioura, bikh. 
 
 Vent, khola, moonh mokula. 
 
 Ventilate (to), pukka jhubunna, pukha p herna. 
 
 Ventosiness, badee, bhoor nawee. 
 
 Venture (to), hath bununna, soorniut kurna. 
 
 Veracity, suchyaee. 
 
 Verbatim, usul dee usul. 
 
 Verberate (to), goonjunna. 
 
 Verbosity, galuree, bookwaee. 
 
 Verdant, hurehan, hureaee, subz. 
 
 Verdict, urtji verwar buna. 
 
 Verdigris, jingal. 
 
 Verdure, hureaee, hurhehan, sub zee* 
 
 Verge, bunna, hudd, wut. 
 
 Brink, margin. 
 
 Verify, sabit kurna, suboot kurna. 
 Verily, such mooch. 
 Verity, suchaee, huqeequt. 
 Vermilion, sungruf, laal, rung. 
 Vermin, keera, kunda, jeeajunt. 
 Vernacular, des dee bolee, b,hak^ha or luvz. 
 Vernal, busunt dee buhar. 
 Versatile, wuttun wala, rung bu runga. 
 Versed, hikmutee, videeawan uqlya. 
 Vertebrae, kumror dajor, sungolee dee gundh. 
 Very, buhoota. 
 Vessel (a,) bhanda, vurtun. 
 Vest, ootla koorta or jamu. 
 Vestige, nishanee, khoj k,hora. 
 Veteran, poorana sipahee. 
 Vex (to), suntouna, dook,h dena. 
 Vexation, suntok dook h, kusht. 
 Viands, k. ban wale cheez, pursad, bhojun. 
 Vibrate (to), kumbunna, j hoolna, p hurukna. 
 Vice, ueb, khot khoteaee, budee, bud khore. 
 Vicegerent, moosahib. [ga, kud hee munda. 
 
 Vicissitude, dookh sookh iko jiha naheen, kudhee chun- 
 Victim (to offer a,) churhawa, churhouna, bul b,huk 
 denee, urdas ktirouna, pooja churhounee. 
 
VIC ( 277 ) viT 
 
 Victor, jitun wala. 
 
 Victory, futteh, jit. [ra. 
 
 Victuals, pursad, rusoee, bhojun, rotee, limgur b hunda- 
 
 Videlicit, yane. 
 
 Vie (to), rees o reesee kurnee, vek ha vek bee kurnee. 
 
 View, nujur, nigah. 
 
 Vigil, pyhra. 
 
 Watch. 
 
 Vigilant, boshiar, tukra. 
 
 Vigour, qoobut wala, jor awur, urog. 
 
 Vile, uguree, munda, mara liliotab. 
 
 Village, pind, graoii, punrota, nuguree khere wala. 
 
 Villager, wusdee, graon wala, k here wala. 
 
 Villain, kbotab, budmash, kuchura. 
 
 Villainy, budmasbee, kbotehaee. 
 
 Vincible, jitun laeq. [ree or wutta lena. 
 
 Vindicate (to), humayut or humrah kurnee, 2 budla wa- 
 
 To revenge. 
 
 Vindictive, killushee, ukuseehee, wut o sutta kurne wala. 
 
 Vine, ungoor da rook,h. 
 
 Vinegar, sirka. 
 
 Violate (to), sut torna. 
 
 Violence, bud o budee, jubur dustee, d burke nal. 
 
 Virgin, war pate, kunya, kunj, koaree. 
 
 Virginity, khwar pate poona, kunya poona kunjuk. 
 
 Virility, qoobut khora, nurkam kbora. 
 
 Virtually, usul da usul, huqq, such. 
 
 Virtue, poon, nekee, dhurm. 
 
 Virtuous, dhurmee, poon atma. 
 
 Virulent, tej, kururra, suklit, mujajee. 
 
 Visage, chehra, soorut, shukht. 
 
 Viscerate (to), ojuree, kudhnee, andura, kudhnyan. 
 
 Viscous, pil pila, lesdar, cheekunna, chikunaee wala. 
 
 Visible, disun wala, nigah de heth. 
 
 Vision, soopna, sookna, khab. [waste. 
 
 Visit (to), moolaqut, milap kurna, milun waste, toorun 
 
 Visor, moonh da kasa or kotar. 
 
 Vital, jindegee, jan dee. 
 
 Vitals, jeeone wale, t hanw. 
 
 Vitiate (to), vigarna, khurab kurna. 
 
 Vitious, kroodee, budjat, mar khora. 
 
 Vitreous, sheeshu jiha or vurga. 
 
VIT ( 278 ) WAG 
 
 Vituperate (to), tokunna, hut kunna, wurujna. 
 Vivacity, kliooshee kurke, sookh iial, aiiund taee, nal, 
 
 2 chbola. 
 Vivid, tej ch^hola, shitaba, trikka. 
 
 Vizier, wujeer. [potjiee. 
 
 Vocabulary, pyntee dar, pothee bawun, uk,huree dee 
 Vocally, gulan nal, awaj nal. 
 Vocation, kum, kisb. 
 
 Vociferate (to), kurukke koona, ooche koona. 
 Voice, awaj, bol, koona. 
 Void, klialee, sukna. 
 Volatile, munmoujee, dil luhree. 
 Volcano, ugliun puhar. 
 Volley, sliuluq. 
 Volume, jilt, pothee, sjnchee. 
 Voluntary, upne ap, mundee kliooshee. 
 Volunteer, khooshee dee noukuree kurun wala. [koona. 
 Volunteer (to), beera oot houna sire pa lena, 2 boloothne 
 
 As to undertake an affair of war, &c. <fec. 
 
 Voluptuous, kamee. 
 
 Vomit (to), oobutna, oopur shul kurnee, oogulachna, 
 
 sootunna, dakunna. 
 Voracious, khorakoo khan khora mache tol. 
 Vortex, g hoomun g heree, doomun pheree. 
 Vote (to), mun b hounda lena or mununna. 
 Vouch (to), oogahee denee, suheeh kurnee, kamee b hur- 
 
 nee, suchha kurna. 
 Voucher, dust khut, lik ht, tumussook. [denee. 
 
 Vouchsafe (to), dya kurnee, mihr nal denee, richya nal 
 Vow, sookna, munouut, sik lounh. 
 Voyage, here or juhaj da syhul. 
 Vulgar (the), kumeen, am, khash. 
 Vulnerable, jukhm, jurun wala. 
 Vulture, girinj h, lumdheeng. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wadding, booja, tikulee, gutta. 
 
 Wade (to), panee vich wurna, panee vich toorna. 
 
 Wafer, tikulee, chiddee. 
 
 Wag (a), t hute baj, mush kura, t hute k,hora. 
 
WAG ( 279 ) WAS 
 
 Wag (to), hiluiina, dolna, huj hoke marnee. 
 
 Wager, shurt lounee, bidunee. 
 
 Wail (to), boon gunna, hoongare marna. 
 
 Waist, kumur, luk. 
 
 Wait (to), krota rehna, rah tukria. 
 
 Wake (to), jagna, oot hna. 
 
 Wakeful, jagda. 
 
 Waken (to), jugouna, oothouna. 
 
 Walk, syhul. 
 
 Walkingstick, shuttee, sotee. 
 
 Wall, kund. 
 
 Wallet, j hola. 
 
 Wallow (to), letna, pelna, byt hna. 
 
 Walnut, uknot. 
 
 Wan, odurya hoya, peele rung wala. 
 
 Wander (to), p hirna, p hirt p hirna. 
 
 Wanderer, pbirtoo, bhoundoo. 
 
 Want (to), chahunna, lorna. 
 
 Wanting, loreedee, chahedee. 
 
 Wantonness, kamee, bhogee, mustya hoya. 
 
 War, luraee, jung. 
 
 Warble (to), gouna, 2 chich ilouna. 
 
 As a man or woman. As birds. 
 
 Ward, pyru, thanw, mukhee. 
 
 Watch. District, station. Of a key. 
 
 Warden, sompoo, umanutoo. 
 
 Warfare, luraee da kum. 
 
 Warily, chutraee nal. 
 
 Warlike, luraee wurga, jung jiha. 
 
 Warm, tutta, gurm. 
 
 Warmth, tuttaee, gurmaee. [b hirk kurnee. 
 
 Warn (to), chitouna, jutouna, dusna, khubur kurnee. 
 
 Warp (to), sungor jana, sungooch jana, akhur jana. 
 
 Warrant, sunud, purwanu, khut. 
 
 Warrantry, shurt nal. 
 
 Warrior, soorma. 
 
 Wart, phimunee. 
 
 Wary, tukra, hoshiar. 
 
 Was, sa, see. 
 
 Wash (to), dhona. 
 
 Washerman, cheembur, dhobee. 
 
WAS ( 280 ) WEE 
 
 Wash, bhoond, bundyal, doomna. [kurna. 
 
 Waste (to), khurcli kurna, aorouna, guoimna, iburcha 
 Wasteful, khurchoo, oodaoo. 
 Watch (a), choukee, pyhru, 2 rak hee kurna. 
 
 To watch as a field. 
 
 Watchful, tukraee kurnewa. 
 
 Watchman, chounkeedar, pyhre wala. 
 
 Watchword, purwah dee gul. 
 
 Water, jul, panee. 
 
 Watercourse, wuheen, wyhn nalee, kus hutree. 
 
 Waterfall, d har, ror, ruruk. 
 
 Waterfowl, moorgliaee. 
 
 Watermark, panee dee nishanee, panee da mechu. 
 
 Watermill, ghorat. 
 
 Wave, mouj, luhr. 
 
 Waver (to), juko tuke kurna. 
 
 Wax, mom, lakh. 
 
 Way, bat, rustee, ruha, pund. 
 
 Waylay (to), shou buet hna, shouhar buethna. 
 
 Wayward, trikka, jidya. 
 
 We, ussee. 
 
 Weak, nu qoobut, kum jor, be himmut, lisa. [na. 
 
 Weaken (to), kum jor kurna, munda kurna, marna kur- 
 
 Weal, Jihoosee, sookhee, anundtaee. 
 
 Wealth, sumput, dhun, mal. 
 
 Wealthy, d hunwunt, mal wala. 
 
 Wean (to), doodh chhudouna, muma chhudouna. 
 
 Weapon, huthyar, shustr. 
 
 Wear, pyhnunna, pouna, oodale lona. 
 
 Weariness, mandugee, thukewa. 
 
 Weather, mousum, buhar, mouqu, ra)t. 
 
 Weave (to), oonna, boonna, tunna. 
 
 Weaver, joolaha, kasbee, choomar. 
 
 Web, jala. 
 
 As of a spider. 
 
 Wedding, veeah, shadee. 
 Wedge, killa, killee. 
 Wednesday, bood h war. 
 ^ Wee, ch,hota, nika, jiha. 
 Weed, ghah. 
 Week, uth roz, uth roju. 
 
WEE (281 ) WHE 
 
 Weekly, uth roz, ut h roju. 
 
 Weep (to), rona, utroo dignyaii. 
 
 Weigh (to), tolna, dolna. 
 
 Weight, wujn, tol, jhok. 
 
 Weighty, bharee jihee, jubur. 
 
 Welcome, adur, tuwiija, khatiree. 
 
 Welfare, chungeaee, bhuleawee. 
 
 Well (a), k booh, k hooa. 
 
 Wellgood, chunga, sona. 
 
 Welladay, hae, hae ! 
 
 Wellbeing, bhuleaee, chungeaee. 
 
 Wellborn, usul da jumya, huqq da, pulal da. 
 
 Wellbred, uchhee, rjhut. 
 
 Welldone, wah wah chunga keeta. 
 
 Wellfavored, sujdee, p hub da, sona, sonap. 
 
 Wellnigh, kol, mood, pas, nire. 
 
 Wellspent, dhurm nal, jeeona, sidh nal. 
 
 Wellwisher, khjr, khwahee. 
 
 Welter (to), loohoo nal, liburya hoya. 
 
 Wen, gilloy goomee. 
 
 Wencher, runde baj kamee. 
 
 Wend (to), chufere phirne, ghere phirna. 
 
 West, puchhon. 
 
 Westward, puchhon dee. 
 
 Wet, gilla b hinna hoya, b hijya hoya. 
 
 Wether, chutra, kusee, hoondoo. 
 
 Wettish, gilla jiha, b hinna jiha. 
 
 What, kee. 
 
 Whatever, jera jera. 
 
 Wheat, kunuk. 
 
 Wheedle (to), pulosna, wudyouna. 
 
 Wheel, pyheea, pinj. 
 
 Wheeze (to), ghorana mama, sung ghururouna. 
 
 Whelp, kutoora. 
 
 When, kub, kudon. 
 
 Whence, kithon kidhuron. 
 
 Whensover, jere vele. 
 
 Where, jit he jis thanw or jugeh. 
 
 Whereabouts, keree thanw kit he. 
 
 Whereas, pur. 
 
 Whereby, jisse, jis kurke, jis turan. 
 
 N 2 
 
WHE ( 282 ) WHO 
 
 Wherefore, is kurke, ues turan. 
 
 Wherein, jis vich. 
 
 W^hereof, jis da. 
 
 Whereon, jis pur. 
 
 Wherever, jit he, jis jugeh or thanw. 
 
 Wherewith, jis te or thon. 
 
 Whet (to), d har bununee, tikka kurna loiiona, riigurna. 
 
 Whether, jet ha. 
 
 Whetstone, puthuree, san, opnee. 
 
 To grind. 
 
 Which, kera, koun. 
 
 Whichever, jera. 
 
 Whiff (to), dhooan kudhna, phoonkara niarna. 
 
 While, judon teek, 2 ursu vela. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Whilst, judon teek. 
 
 Whim, luhr, mouj. 
 
 Whine, hoongunna, chounkunna. 
 
 Whip, kotura, chabook. 
 
 Whirl (to), b hooouna. 
 
 Whirpool, ghoomun gheree, doomun gheree. 
 
 Whisker, moch. 
 
 Whisper (to), kun vich gul kurnee, gul kuna bhinuk 
 
 pouonee, kunsundee. 
 Whistle (to), setee marnee. 
 White, soofed, bugee, chittee. 
 
 Whitelivered, killiishee, ukusee, udawutee. , 
 
 Whiten (to), chitta kurna. [kurnee. 
 
 Whitewash, poone p hernee, j hal phirnee, choone guj 
 Whither, kit he, kidhur. 
 Whithersoever, jit he kithe, jidhur kid hur. 
 Whiz (to), ghookunnee, sookunnee, teekunnee, sah sab 
 
 kurnee. 
 A^Tio, kera, koun. 
 Whoever, je koee, jet ha koee. 
 Whole (the), subna, subo, sarahee. 
 Wholesale, jukeera vech, ukut h vech. 
 Wholesome, suwarun walee, sook h deun walee, nurohee. 
 Wholly, subna hee, sare nalon. 
 Whom, jis noon. 
 Whomsoever, jetha koee. 
 
WHO ( 283 ) WIT 
 
 Whore, kusbee, kunjur. 
 
 Whose, jis da. 
 
 Whoso, je koee, jet,ha koee. [kurna. 
 
 Whur (to), ghookunna, sookunna, teekunna, sah sah 
 
 Why, kis kurke. 
 
 Wick, wuttee. 
 
 Wicked, uguree, khotah, mara, varan. 
 
 Wide, choura, mokula, khola. 
 
 Width, chouraee, mokulaee liholaee. 
 
 Widow, rundee. 
 
 Widower, churha, shundak, ruiida. 
 
 Wield (to), chulouna, p herna. 
 
 Wife, bohoo, votee, istree, run. 
 
 Wild, jungulee, un palya. 
 
 Wile, chhul chilittoor. 
 
 Will, murjee, khoosee, rajee, 2 wuseetu nameh, miirun 
 
 de vele dee lik ht. 
 Willing rajee, khoosee. 
 Wily, chilittooree. 
 
 Win, (to), jitna, vuskurna, qaboo kurna. 
 Wince (to), wutunna, sungoochunna. 
 Wind, huwa, paon, wao. 
 Windfall, lubhee, lub h khora, lob hwan. 
 Windlass, rikka, dheengolee. 
 Window, baree jurokha. 
 Windpipe, sungee, gundee. 
 Windy, undhera, wao wurga. 
 Wine, shurab, mud, daroo. 
 Winebibber, pyak, umulee. 
 Wing, bajoo, pur. 
 
 Wink (to), uk h marnee, uk h p hurkounee, synut kurnee. 
 Winner, jitun wala. 
 Winnow (to), oodhouna, wurouna. 
 Winter, jare de dinan, pale de dinan. 
 Wipe (to), pochna, poonjunna. 
 Wire, tar. 
 
 Wisdom, uql wundee, tukraee, gyanee. 
 Wish (to), chahona, lorna. 
 Wisher, chah ne wala, lorne wala. 
 Wit, mooshkuree, t hutta. 
 Witch, jadoo gurnee, sir hut hee, toone walee. 
 
WIT ( 284 ) WOR 
 
 Witchcraft, jadoo nal, sir nal, toone nal, muntur nal. 
 
 With, sete, t hon. 
 
 Withal, isthan sugoii, ede nal. 
 
 Withdraw (to), huta dena, chjuidoiina. 
 
 Wither (to), koomlouna, sook h jana. 
 
 Withhold, rokna, wurjunna, ut kouna. 
 
 Within, undur lee wul, undur le pase. 
 
 Without, bahur le wul, bahur le pase. 
 
 Withstand (to), syhna, jurna, j hulunna. 
 
 Witless, be uql, kumla, baola. 
 
 Witness, oogaha, shahud, shuhudee. 
 
 Witty, thutte mushkuree nal, huse bhane. 
 
 Wizard, jadoo gurnee, ghagur huthee, toone khoree. 
 
 Woe, sog, humsos, dil geree. 
 
 Woful, sog, humsos nal. 
 
 Wolf, bhugyar, baga, bughaila. 
 
 Woman, teemee. 
 
 Womb, kok h, nab h. 
 
 Wonder (to), uchuruj kurna, uchumba ulokar kurna. 
 
 Wonderful, uchuruj dee. [reha hoya. 
 
 Wonderstruck, trekya hoya, tub kya hoya, hukra pukra. 
 
 Wont (to be), wadee, ban, wale bona. 
 
 Woo, ashuq bona, ashuqee kumounee. 
 
 Wood, lukree, 2 jungul, bela, jhul. 
 
 Wooden, kat h dee, lukree dee. 
 
 Wool, oon, jut. 
 
 Word (a), gul. 
 
 Work, kum, kar. 
 
 Workman, kareegur, meenutee, kar wala. 
 
 Workshop, kar khanu. 
 
 World, doonya. 
 
 Worldly, doonya daree. 
 
 Worm, keera. 
 
 Wormeaten, keerean da khada hoya. 
 
 Wornout, pooranee hooee hooee, gliusee hooee. 
 
 Worry (to), bhun, murorke marna. 
 
 Worse, mare nalon mara. 
 
 Worst, subnn nalon mara, uth mara, nu kisht. 
 
 Worth, qeemut. 
 
 Worthy laeqdar, chunga. 
 
 Worthless, ni kumma, ni karu. 
 
WOT ( 285 ) YEA 
 
 Wot (to), janunna puhchanunna, muloom kurna. 
 
 Wound, jukhm, phat. 
 
 Wrangle (to), bysna, j hugurna, jid kurnee. 
 
 Wrangler (a), bysun wala, j haguroo, roule khora. 
 
 Wrap (to), vuletna, lupetna, wulna, tyh kurna. 
 
 Wrapper, bustunee, boochka, roomal. 
 
 Wrath, krodh, glioossu, huruk,h. [lenee. 
 
 Wreak (to), wutta lena, budla lena, bhajee lenee, waree 
 
 Wreck, beree de dukra bona. 
 
 Wrench (to), murorna, torna, tor lena. 
 
 Wrest (to), kho or khos lena. 
 
 Wrestler, koostee kurun wala, gholatya, pulwan. 
 
 Wretch, khotah, budjat. 
 
 Wretched, hyranee, hukra pukra, sogee, dilgeeree. 
 
 Wriggle (to), pase marne, pase murorne. 
 
 Wright, tuk han, badee. 
 
 Wring (to), nichorna, murorna, nu pitunna. 
 
 Wrinkle, chirooryan, tirooryan. 
 
 Wrist, veenee, goot. 
 
 Write (to), lik hna. 
 
 Writer, lik.haree. 
 
 Writhe (to), shureer wutna, murorne lene. 
 
 Wrong, bhool, visur, chook, okh. 
 
 Wrong-doer, goonahee. 
 
 Wrong-headed, jidya, uree khora. 
 
 Wroth, krodhwan, hurakhwan. 
 
 Wrought, suwarya, bunya. 
 
 Wry, tedha, vinga, trich ha. 
 
 Wry-necked, tedhee d,haon, muroya hoee gul. 
 
 Yard, ungun, 2 guj. 
 
 Yarn, soot, taga. 
 
 Yawn (to), oobasee, oobasa lena. 
 
 Ye, too see. 
 
 Yea, hanjee. 
 
 Year, wurra, burus. 
 
 Yearly, wurre da, wurre dinanda, wurre wuere. 
 
 Yearn (to), buhoot chahona. 
 
 o 2 
 
YEA ( 286 ) zoo 
 
 Yeast, kliumeer, vesooii. 
 
 Yell (to), ehichilouna, roulee pounee. 
 
 Yellow, jurd, peela. 
 
 Yelp (to), bhoun kunna, choun kunna. 
 
 Yes, hanjee. 
 
 Yesterday, kul. ^. 
 
 Yesterday niglit, kul rat noon. 
 
 Yet, hoone teek. 
 
 Yield (to), dena, de dena. 
 
 Yoke, jot urlee, joola, p hut, mootyse. 
 
 Yon, odur. 
 
 You, too see. 
 
 Young, juwan, g,hubroo. 
 
 Youngest, subna nalon, chhota, thoree oomrda. 
 
 Yourself, too ap. 
 
 Youth, jobun juwanee vich, ghubrede. 
 
 Youthful, nuwa juwan, thoree oomr walan vich. 
 
 Z. 
 
 Zany, nukulee, sangee, titchuree. 
 
 Zealous, tej, kala, tutta, oukhur. 
 
 Zebra, gor k hur. 
 
 Zest, suwad, chakoo, chikera. 
 
 Zigzag, ving, turinga, tedha tedha. 
 
 Zone, lukbun, luk da safa. 
 
 Zoography, pujsooan or d.handean da verwar. 
 
PART II. 
 
 OUTLINES OF GRAMMAR 
 
PART II. 
 
 GENERAL OUTLINES 
 
 OF 
 
 PUNJABBB GRAMMAR. 
 
 Gender. — With respect to Gender, the rules laid 
 down in the Grammars of Shakespear and Yates for 
 the Hindoostani language, are equally applicable to the 
 Punjabee. The same difficulty, however, exists in dis- 
 criminating the Genders of Nouns aright, and practice 
 alone must be appealed to, as the only sure guide. The 
 terms murddnu and junanu, are used in Punjabee, to 
 express the Masculine and Feminine. 
 
 Number. — The numbers are two, singular and plural. 
 The plural termination of all nouns, whether Masculine, 
 or Feminine, is an ; thus — 
 
 Teemee, a woman. 
 Munookh^ a man, 
 Rookh, a tree. 
 Ghur, a house. 
 Gul, a word. 
 
 Teemeedn, women. 
 Munookkdn, men. 
 Rookjidn, trees. 
 Ghurdn, houses. 
 Guldn, words. 
 
 Most nouns are immutable in the singular, though 
 some few, whose singular termination is a, change it 
 to e, in the inflected cases, thus — moondd, a child, moonde, 
 da, de, dee, of a child. 
 
 Post-positions — To form the various cases besides the 
 nominative, post-positions are generally used with nouns 
 in their inflected states, thus — 
 
 For the Genitive, or Relative case, da, de, dee. 
 
 For the Dative, Accusative or Final case, noon, 
 
 17 i-T, Aui i.- r Initial, te, se,on, than. 
 
 For the Ablative, < ^ . . i ./ /_ .S- 
 
 ' L instrumental, te, se, on, tfion. 
 
 Locative, vote, vich, 
 
 h 
 
IV 
 
 Examples, 
 E s bazar dee, kee* dustoor hue ? 
 What is the custom of this bazar ? 
 
 Muen o=* noon kum de anga * 
 I will give the business to him. 
 
 Muen tue thon kum la anga. 
 
 I will take the business from thee. 
 
 Oik do pulan vich* phirega. 
 
 He will return in a minute or two. 
 
 G hore oote* kathee pyee hue ki naheen ? 
 Is the horse saddled or not ? 
 
 The rules laid down in Hindoostani Grammar, for 
 the use of ha, he, hee, are equally applicable to da, de, 
 dee, in Punjabee, the rest of the post-positions admit 
 not of change. 
 
 Examples, 
 
 Rwjd noon, to the prince. 
 Deodee oote, at the door. 
 G hur vich, in the house. 
 
 In the two last examples, the post-position de is 
 omitted, the sense being clear without it. 
 
 The Vocative case. — The terminations o, e, or oe are 
 usually applied. 
 
 Declension. — The declension of Nouns may be exhi- 
 bited in the following examples : — 
 
 Moonda, a Boy. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 N. Moonda, a boy. 
 G. or R. Moonde da, de, dee, of 
 
 a boy. 
 D. Moonde noon, to a boy. 
 A. Moonde noon, a boy. 
 V. be moonde, O boy. 
 Abl. Moonde te, se, than, 
 
 from a boy. 
 
 Moondedn, boys. 
 
 Moon dean da, de, dee, of boys. 
 
 Moondedn noon, to boys. 
 Moondedn noon, boys. 
 O moondeo, O boys. 
 Moondedn thon, from boys. 
 
 * Vide Index and References to Grammatical Notes. 
 
Teemee, a 
 
 Singular. 
 N. Teemee, a woman. 
 G. Teemee da, de, dee, of a woman. 
 D. Teemee noon, to a woman. 
 A. Teemee, a woman. 
 V. e Teemee, O woman. 
 Abl. Teemee te, se, tlion, from a 
 woman. 
 
 Woman. 
 
 Plural. 
 Teemeedn, women. 
 Teemeedn da, de, dee, of women. 
 Teemeedn noon, to women. 
 Teemeedn noon, women, 
 e Teemeed, O women. 
 Teemeedn te, se, than, from 
 women. 
 
 Singular. 
 N. Gul, a word. 
 G. Gul da, de, dee, of a word. 
 D. Gul noon, to a word. 
 A. Gul noon, a word. 
 V. e Gul, O word. 
 Abl. Gul te, se, thon, by a word 
 
 Gul, a Word. 
 
 Plural. 
 Guld,n, words. 
 
 Guldn dd, de dee, of words. 
 Guldn noon, to words. 
 Guldn noon, words. 
 e Guldn^ O words. 
 Guldn te, se, thon, by words. 
 
 The Cardinal and aggregate numbers often take 
 the plural termination an to denote emphasis, or plura- 
 lity, as in the following example : — 
 
 Suehreean, Jmjaran, liikJian, pindan, hor nugrean, wusee^ 
 an, hor wusdean, jdndean, Jiuen ; — hundreds, thousands, 
 hundreds of thousands, of towns and villages have been, 
 and are continuing being, inhabited. 
 
 In like manner, and for the same reason, do nouns of 
 time take the termination an. 
 
 Example. 
 
 Dinan, muJieenmn, wurrean, huJiootean thon, onoon nu- 
 lieen milija, — I have not seen him many days, months, 
 years. 
 
 Adjectives admit of changes in their finals so as to 
 agree with their substantives ; in Hindoostani, adjec- 
 tives rarely assume the plural terminations, when fol- 
 lowed by their substantives in the plural number, but 
 in Punjabee, the adjective, substantive, and verb, very 
 frequently all take the plural terminations in the same 
 sentence. 
 
 Examples, 
 
 Ranean pas hahooteean, goleean, soneean, rendeean 
 
VI 
 
 hueji — the Queen has many beautiful slaves attending 
 upon her. 
 
 To denote the comparative and superlative degrees, 
 no peculiar form of adjectives exist in Punjabee, but 
 the following examples will show how such are usually 
 conveyed. 
 
 Positive. — Chunga, — good. 
 
 Comparative. — Uge than, or ugenalon or horna tJion, or 
 nalon, or horna pason hoiiia moodon, chwiga — better. 
 
 Superlative. — Suhna nalon, suhston, huhoot buhoota uth- 
 huhoota chunga — very good. 
 
 Positive. — Mara — bad . 
 
 Comparative. — TJge thon, or uge nalon, or horna thon, 
 or nalon, or horna pason, or mmdon mara — worse. 
 
 Superlative. — Suhna nalon, suhston, huhoot buhoota, uth- 
 huhoota, nidra, — worst. 
 
 The adjunct of similitude, which in Hindoostani is sa, 
 is expressed in Punjabee by the words jiha, vurga, or 
 wurga, which, like sa, change their finals, so as to agree 
 with the nouns they qualify. 
 
 Examples. 
 
 Munoohh jiha, like a man. 
 Teemee jihee, like a woman. 
 Roohh jihja, like a tree. 
 
 Keendur sup wurga. — The eel resembles a snake. 
 
 E h roopiyu os vurga hue. — This rupee resembles that. 
 
CHAPTER IL 
 
 ON THE PRONOUN. 
 
 The Personal pronouns are three, and are thus declined. 
 
 First Person. 
 
 Muen, I. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 N. Muen, I 
 
 G. Mera,meremeree,vame,oiv[ie. 
 
 D. Muenoon, to me. 
 
 A. Muenoon, me. 
 
 Abl. Muetfiori) from me. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee, we. 
 Sa da, de, dee, our, of us. 
 Sd noon, to us. 
 Sd noon, us. 
 Sd tfidn, from us. 
 
 Singular. 
 N. Too, thou. 
 G. Terd, tere, teree, 
 thee. 
 
 D. Tuenoon, to thee. 
 
 A. Tue noon, thee. 
 
 V. e Too, O thou. 
 
 Abl. Tue tfidn, from thee. 
 
 Second Person. 
 
 Too, Thou. 
 
 Plural. 
 Too see, ye. 
 thine, of Toohd da, de, dee,'\ your. 
 Toohd da, de dee,J o£ you. 
 Toohd noon,'] . 
 Toosa noon, J ^ ?""• 
 Toohd noon, \ 
 Toosdnoon,P^^' 
 O too see, O you. 
 Toohd tfidn, from you. 
 
 Third Person. 
 O, he, she, it. 
 
 Singular. 
 N. O he, she, it. 
 G. O da, de, dee, of him &c. 
 D. O noon, 5s noon, to him. 
 A. noon, os noon, him. 
 Abl. O tfidn, OS tfidn, from him. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ohd dhe they. 
 Onddd, de, dee, of them, 
 Ond noon, to them. 
 Ond noon, them. 
 Ond tfidn, from them. 
 
 The Demonstrative Pronouns 
 
 Are — O, that, and eh or eho, this, and are thus de- 
 clined — 
 
Vlll 
 
 Singular. 
 N. O that, 
 G. Os ddy de dee^ odd, de, dee, of 
 
 that. 
 D. Os noon, o noon, to that. 
 A. Os noon, o noon, that. 
 Abl. Os than, o than, from that. 
 
 O, That. 
 
 Plural. 
 Oho, those. 
 Onan da, de, dee, of those. 
 
 Ona noon, to those. * 
 Ona noon, those. 
 Ona thon, from those. 
 
 ^ Singular. 
 N. Eh, this. 
 p f E^s, da, dS, dee, \ 
 \ ^e da, de, dee J 
 !>, Es noon, e noon, to this. 
 A. E^s noon, e noon, this 
 
 E% or eho, this. 
 
 Plural. 
 E^ho, these. 
 E^ndn da, de, dee, of these. 
 
 of this. 
 
 E nd noon, to these. 
 E 7id noon, these. 
 
 Abl. E^s thon, e thon, from this. E na thon, from these. 
 
 The common or reflective pronoun Ap, self, myself 
 thyself, &c. 
 
 Singular and Plural. 
 
 N. Ap, self, myself, thyself, &c. 
 
 G. Ap da, de, dee, or upna upne, 
 
 D. Ap noon, up noon, to myself, &c. 
 
 A. Ap noon, up noon, myself, &c. 
 
 Abl. Ap tfion, upne thon, from myself. &c. 
 
 The Interrogative Pronoun. 
 Koun, who, which, what. 
 
 Singular. 
 N. Koun, who, which, what. 
 G. Kera da, de, dee, of whom. 
 D. Kee noon, Ms noon, to whom. 
 A. Kee noon, kis noon, whom. 
 Abl. Kee thon, kis thon, from 
 whom. 
 
 Plural. 
 Kere, who, which, what. 
 Kindn dd, de, dee, of whom. 
 Kind noon, to whom. 
 Kind noon, whom. 
 Kind thon, from whom. 
 
 The above may be used absolutely with respect to per- 
 sons, and adjectively with respect to either persons or 
 things, but in an absolute sense, not applied to persons. 
 The pronoun kee, corresponding with kya, is generally 
 adopted, and is thus declined : — 
 
IX 
 
 Kee, What. 
 
 Singular and Plural. 
 N. and A. Kee, what. 
 p C Kee da, de dee^ f h t 
 
 ■ \ Kis da, dty dee,] 
 D. Kee noon, kis noon, to what. 
 Abl. Kee than, kis thon, from what. 
 
 The Relative Pronoun. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 N. Jera, who, which, what. Jinan, who, which, what. 
 
 ^- {S fa, dt dee'}°^ ^^'"^- ■^^'^"«' '^^' '^^' ''''' °^ ''''°™- 
 D. Jee noon,jis noon, to whom, i Jina noon, to whom. 
 A. Jee noon,jis noon, whom. | Jina noon, whom. 
 A}[A.Jeethdn^jisthdn,^YOTCi'^'\iOVCi Jina thon, from whom. 
 
 The Correllative. 
 
 of that. 
 
 Singular. 
 N. Teha, that, he, 
 p r Tee da, de, dee'\ 
 ' \ Tis, da, de dee, J 
 D. Tee noon, tis noon, to that. 
 A. Tee noon, tis noon, that. 
 Abl. Tee thon, tis //io/^,fromthat. 
 
 Plural. 
 Tehan, those, they. 
 
 Tinan da, de, dee, of those. 
 
 Tina noon, to those. 
 Tina noon, those. 
 Tina t hon, from those. 
 
 Indefinites. 
 
 Koee, a, any. 
 
 N. Koee, any. 
 
 G. Kise da, de, dee, of any. 
 
 D. Kise noon, to any. 
 
 A. Kise noon, any. 
 
 Abl. Kise thon, from any. 
 
 Koojh or kooch, some. 
 Koojh or kooch, some. 
 Kise da, de, dee, of some. 
 Kise noon, to some. 
 Kise noon, some. 
 Kise thon, from some. 
 
 Some of the pronouns admit of composition, and each 
 portion of the compound is liable to inflection, as — 
 
 Je' koee, whoever, jis kise da, de, dee, of whomever, 
 jis Mse noon, 8^c. 8fc, S^c. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 THE VERB. 
 The formation of the moods and tenses. 
 
 The Imperative, — For the second person singular is the 
 mere root as ahh, dus, hoi. 
 
 The Infinitive. — Is formed by adding to the root the 
 terminations na, ne, noon^ or nujan, as in Hindoostani, 
 but the termination un is frequently used in Punjabee, 
 thus — -jaim, to go — omm, to come — lounun, to bring. 
 
 This form of the verb is in constant use as gerund, 
 thus khaun waste for the sake of eating, peeim noon, 
 for drinking. 
 
 The Past Participle — Is formed by adding, a, ya, e, 
 ee, een, or eean, according to the gender of the govern- 
 ing noun (Vide Dialogues for various examples.) There 
 are one or two exceptions to the above rule ; thus — hurna 
 to make ; heeta, made ; dena, to give ; ditta, given. 
 
 The Present Participle — Is formed by adding to the 
 root the terminations da, de, dee^ deen, or deean; as muen 
 holda hdn, I speak. 
 
 The Past Conjunctive Participle, — Corresponds with 
 that in Hindoostani. 
 
 TJie Past Indefinite Tense — Is the same as the past 
 participle. 
 
 The Pluperfect, or Past Past — Is formed by subjoin- 
 ing the auxiliary past, to the past participle, as muen 
 ahjiya see,* 
 
 T^he Past Definite or Past Present — Is formed by ad- 
 ding the auxiliary present, to the past participle, as too 
 akhya hue. 
 
 The Past Future — Is obtained by the application of 
 the auxiliary future to the past participle, as o goundee 
 howe, she may, or will be singing. 
 
 * Vide Grammatical Note, 1. 
 
XI 
 
 The Past Conditional or Optative. — By the addition of 
 the present indefinite to the past participle, with a con- 
 ditional or optative adverb as jet ha muen hold hoonda. 
 If I had spoken. When two or more words come toge- 
 ther, each of which might take the nasal termination n 
 or an, the sign is usually dropped in Hindoostani, but in 
 Punjabee, as has been before remarked, the adjective 
 pronoun, noun, and verb, frequently take the termina- 
 tion an in the same sentence. 
 
 Example, 
 
 tndn pinddn deedn kheteedn buhooteedn uchheedn dhy- 
 eedn Jhonedn wdleedn huen. — In these villages, fields, 
 there is a great deal of excellent rice cultivated. 
 
 The Present Indefinite Tense — Is the same in form as 
 the present participle, thus mar da, holdd,jdndd, hurdd, &c. 
 
 The Imperfect or Present Past — Is obtained by adding 
 the auxiliary past to the present participle, as muen 
 rndrda sd, I was striking. 
 
 The Present Definite or Present Present — Is formed by 
 the addition of the auxiliary present to the present par- 
 ticiple, as muen boldd Jidn, I am speaking. 
 
 By the present indefinite tense, moreover, with a con- 
 ditional conjunction or adverb of wishing, expressed or 
 understood, the conditional or optative sense may be 
 expressed, as jethd muen jubdn hoo hungdd tdn, huhoot 
 khooshee ndl koondd. If I could speak the language, 
 then I would with pleasure speak. 
 
 When several plural feminines meet together, which 
 would regularly end in een or eedn, the numerical sign 
 n or an is omitted in Hindoostani in all such words 
 but the last. In Punjabee, on the contrary, as has been 
 before observed, the terminations frequently occur toge- 
 ther, thus o teemeedn nmrydn gyeedn, huen, they (females) 
 have been beaten. 
 
 The Future Indefinite or Aorist — Is formed by affixing 
 to the root the terminations hdn, e, e, for the singular, 
 and hen^ o hen for the plural. 
 
Example. 
 
 Muen cJmJidn, too chahe, o cJmhe, ussee clidhen, too see 
 cJidho, oho chdhen. 
 
 In an indicative or more absolute sense, the future 
 definite is obtained by, adding anga, enga, ega, enge, 
 oge, enge. 
 
 Examples. 
 
 Muen jddnga, toojakenga, ojaega, ussee jaeyige, too see 
 jaoge, oho jaenge. 
 
 The Imperative. — For the second person singular is 
 the mere root, and for the other persons it is the same 
 as the future indefinite or aorist. 
 
 TJie Respectful or Precative Form of the Future and Im- 
 perative — Is obtained by adding iye ox ho thus, toojaiye^ 
 too seejaho. 
 
 Compound Verbs, 
 Do not require notice, as, with some trifling difference 
 of terminations, they correspond with those laid down 
 in Shakespear's Grammar. 
 
 The passive voice is formed as in Hisdootaniby 
 adding to the simple past participle the verb jana^ or 
 jaun to go, in such tense as may be requisite ; all thd 
 parts of this compound, admitting of the usual changes 
 to agree in gender and number with the governing ndun. 
 The auxiliaries used in forming the definite tenses of 
 verbs are as follows. 
 
 The Past. 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen san, I was, &c. 
 Too se or see, thou wast. 
 see, he was. 
 
 Usse se, we were, &c. 
 Too see see, ye were. 
 Ohd see or sun, they werci 
 
 Present. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen hdn, I ani. 1 Ussee hnn, we are. 
 Too hui, thou art. Too see ho, ye are. 
 
 hu6, he is. | OkQ huen or hun, they are. 
 
XUl 
 
 Future. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen hooon, I shall be. 
 Too howe, thou shalt be. 
 howi, he shall be. 
 
 Ussee howen, we shall b6. 
 
 Too see hoo^ ye shall be. 
 
 Oho howen, they shall be. 
 
 Or. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen hodnga, I shall be. 
 Too howenga, thou shalt be. 
 howiga, he shall be. 
 
 Ussee hoenge, we shall be. 
 Too see hoog^, ye shall be. 
 Oho hoenge^ they shall be. 
 
 Conditional or Optative. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen hoonda, I become. 
 Too hoonda, thou becomest. 
 O hoonda, he becomes. 
 
 Ussee hoonde, we become. 
 Too see hoonde, ye become, 
 Oho hoonde^ they become* 
 
 Conjugation of the verb jana. 
 
 Infinitive or Gerund. 
 Jana or Jaun, to go. 
 
 Past Participle. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Gya or gya hoy a, gone. | Gye gye hooe, gone. 
 
 Present Participle. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Janda or jandd hoy a, going. \ Jande or jande hoo4, going. 
 
 Past conjunctive Participle. 
 
 Singular and Plural. 
 Jd, ja6, jaki^ jakur, ja kurke, ja kurkur, having going. 
 
 Past Indefinite Tense. 
 
 Went. 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 CMuen, I went. 
 Gya.< Too, thou wentest. 
 \^0, he went. 
 
 r Ussee, we went. 
 GycA To see, ye went. 
 \jjh0y they went. 
 
XlV 
 
 Pluperfect or Past Past. 
 
 Was gone. 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen gya san or see, I was gone. 
 Too gydse or see, thou wast gone. 
 
 gya se or see, he was gone. 
 
 Ussee gye sa7i or see, we were gone. 
 Too see gye s6 or see, ye were 
 _ gone. 
 Oho gye se or sun, they were gone. 
 
 Past Definite or Past Present Tense. 
 Am gone. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen gya han, I am gone. 
 Too gya hu^, thou art gone. 
 V gya hur, he is gone. 
 
 Ussee gye han, we are gone. 
 Too see gye ho, ye are gone. 
 Oho gye huen ot hun, they are 
 gone. 
 
 Past Future Tense. 
 May, shall, or will have gone. 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen gya hooon, I shall have 
 
 gone. 
 Too gya howe, thou shalt have 
 _ gone. 
 O gya hdw4, he shall have gone. 
 
 Ussee gye fiowen, we shall have 
 
 gone. 
 Too see gye hoho, ye shall have 
 _ gone. 
 Oho gye hon, they shall have gone. 
 
 Or 
 
 Shall will or may haye gone. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen gya hoanga I shall have 
 
 gone. 
 Too gya howenga, thou shalt have 
 _ gone. 
 O gya howega, he shall have 
 
 gone. 
 
 Ussee gyehowange, we shall have 
 
 gone. 
 Too see gyehooge, ye shall have 
 __ gone. 
 Oho gye honge, they shall have 
 
 gone. 
 
 Past Conditional or Optative Tense. 
 If would to God, I had gone. 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Jet ha muen gya hoonda, if I had 
 
 gone. 
 Jet ha too gya hoonda, if thou 
 
 hadst gone. 
 Jetjia o gya hoonda, if he had 
 
 gone. 
 
 Jet ha ussee gyehoonde, if we had 
 
 gone. 
 Jet ha too see gyi hoonde, if ye 
 
 had gone. 
 Jetjia oho gyehoonde, if they had 
 
 gone. 
 
XV 
 
 Present Indefinite Tense. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen jandd I go. 
 Too janday thou goest. 
 janda, he goes. 
 
 Pharal. 
 Ussee jande^ we ^o. 
 Too seejande^ ye go. 
 Oho jandey they go. 
 
 Imperfect or Present Past Tense. 
 Was going. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen janda san, or see, I was Ussee jande san, we were going. 
 
 going. 
 
 Too janda se or see, thou wast Too see jande se, ye were going. 
 
 _ going- 
 
 janda see, he was going. Oho jande sun, they were going. 
 
 Present Definite or Present Present Tense. 
 Am going. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen janda han, I am going. 
 Too janda hu4, thou art going. 
 janda hu6, he is going. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee jande han, we are going. 
 Too see jande ho, ye are going. 
 Oho jande huen or hun, they are 
 
 going. 
 
 Present Future Tense. 
 May, shall, or will be going. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen janda hooon, I may be 
 
 going. 
 Too janda howe, thou mayst be 
 _ going. 
 janda hooo, he may be going. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee jande how en, we may be 
 
 going. 
 Too jande hoo, ye may be going. 
 
 Oho jande howen or hon, they 
 may be going. 
 
 Or 
 
 Shall, will, or may be going. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen janda hoanga, I may be 
 
 going. 
 Too janda howenga, thou mayst 
 
 be going. 
 janda hoooga, hooo goo, he may 
 
 be going. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee jande howange, we may be 
 
 going. ^ 
 Too see jande hoog^, ye may be 
 
 _ go\"g- 
 
 Oho jande howenge, honge, they 
 may be going. 
 
XVI 
 
 Future Indefinite or Aorist. 
 May, shall, or will go. 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen jana, I may go. 
 Too jae, thou mayst go. 
 Ojae^ he may go. 
 
 Usseejaye, we may go. 
 Too seejahb, ye may go. 
 Oho jaw^n, they may go. 
 
 Future Indefinite Tense, 
 Shall, will, or may go. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen jaanga, I shall go. 
 Too jaenga, thou shalt go. 
 Ojawega, he shall go. 
 
 Ussee jaange, we shall go. 
 Too seejaog(i., ye shall go. 
 Ohojaenge they shall go. 
 
 Imperative. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muenjaoon, let me go. 
 Tooja, go thou. 
 Qjd6, let him go. 
 
 Usseejayi, let us go. 
 Too seejaho, go ye. 
 Oho jaheen, let them go. 
 
 Respectful and Precative forms of the Future ano 
 
 Imperative. 
 
 You, Sir, may, shall, or will go. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Ap jaiy6. \ Too seejaho. 
 
 Conjugation of the verb ho, be, become. 
 
 Imperative for the second person singular or Root, 
 Ho, be, become. 
 
 Infinitive or Gerund. 
 
 Hona or hone or houn, to be, to become. 
 
 Past Participle, 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Hbya, become. | Hbye, become. 
 
 Present Participle. 
 
 PIUT 
 
 \bya, being, I Hoond^., or h 
 becoming. | becoming. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Hoonda, or hoonda hbya, being, I Hoond^, or hoonde hbye, being. 
 
xvu 
 
 Past conjunctive Participle. 
 
 Singular and Plural. 
 
 Ho, hoe, hoke, hokar, ho kurke, ho kurkur^ 
 
 Having been, having become. 
 
 Past Indefinite Tense. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 r Mue?i, I became. 
 HoyaA Too, thou becamest. 
 1^0, he became. 
 
 {Ussee, we became. 
 Too see, ye became. 
 Oho, they became. 
 
 Pluperfect, or Past Past. 
 Had been, or become. 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen hoy a san or see, I have been. 
 Too hoya se or see, thou hast 
 _ been. 
 O hoya see, he has been . 
 
 Ussee hoye san, we have been. 
 Too see hoye se, ye have been. 
 
 Oho hoye sun, they have been. 
 
 Past Definite or Past Present Tense. 
 Have been or become. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen hoya han, I have been. 
 Too hoya hue, thou hast been. 
 O hoya hue, he has been. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee hoe ho^^ we have been. 
 Too see hoe ho, ye have been. 
 Oho hoe huen or hun, they have 
 been. 
 
 Past Future Tense. 
 May, shall, or will have been 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen hoya hooon, I may have 
 
 been. 
 Too hoya howe, thou mayst have 
 _ been. 
 O hoya howe, he may have 
 
 been. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee hoe howen, we may have 
 
 been. 
 Too see hoe ho, ye may have 
 _ been. 
 Oho hoe hon, they may have 
 
 been. 
 
 Or 
 
 Shall, will, or may have been. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen hoya hoonga, I shall have 
 
 been. 
 Too hoya hdwega, thou shalt 
 __ have been. 
 O hoya howegd, or hooogoo, he 
 
 shall have been. 
 
 shall 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee hoe howangi, we 
 
 have been. 
 Too see hoe hoge, ye shall have 
 _ been. 
 
 Oho hoe hoenge, they shall have 
 been. 
 
 d 
 
XVlll 
 
 Past Conditional or Optative Tense. 
 If would to God, 1 had been. 
 
 Singular. 
 Je muen hoy a hoonda, if I had 
 
 been. 
 Je too hoya hoodd, if thou hadst 
 
 been. 
 Je o hoya hoonda, if he had 
 
 been. 
 
 Plural. 
 Je ussee hoe hoode, if we had 
 
 been. 
 Je too see hoe hoonde, if ye had 
 
 been. 
 J4 oho hoe hoonde, if they had 
 
 been. 
 
 Present Indefinite Tense. 
 Become. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen hoonda, I become. 
 Too hoonda., thou becomest. 
 hoonda, he becomes. 
 
 Ussee hoonde, we become. 
 
 Too see hoonde, ye become. 
 
 Oho hoonde, they become. 
 
 Imperfect or Present Past Tense. 
 Was becoming. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen hoonda sdn or see, I was 
 
 becoming. 
 Too hoonda se or see, thou wast 
 
 becomins:. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee hoonde sdn, or see, we were 
 
 becoming. 
 Too see hoonde sou, ye were 
 
 becomins:. 
 
 hoonda see, he was becoming. Oho hoonde se or sun, they were 
 
 I becoming. 
 
 Present Definite or Present Tense. 
 
 Am becoming. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen hoonda hdn, I am becoming. Ussee hoonde han, we are becom- 
 
 Too hoonda hue, thou art be- 
 
 _ coming. 
 
 hoonda hue, he is becoming. 
 
 ino:. 
 
 Too see hoonde ho, ye are becom- 
 
 _ ing. 
 
 Oho hoonde hun. thev are be- 
 
 Present Future Tense. 
 
 May, shall, or will be becoming. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Ussee hoonde howen, we may be 
 
 becomino-. 
 Too see hoonde hooo, ye may be 
 _ becoming. 
 
 Oho hoonde hon, they may be 
 becoming. 
 
 Muen hoonda hooon, I may be 
 
 becoming. 
 Too hoonda ho we, thou mayst 
 _ be becoming. 
 O hoonda hdwe, he may be be- 
 
XIX 
 
 Or 
 
 Shall, will, or may be becoming. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen hoonda hoanga, I shall be 
 
 be becoming. 
 Too hoonda howengd, thou shalt 
 _ be becoming. 
 hoonda, hoivega, or hooogoo, he 
 
 shall be becoming. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee hoonde howenge, we shall 
 
 be becoming. 
 Too see hoonde hoge, ye shall 
 _ be becoming. 
 Oho hoonde hongc, they shall be 
 
 becoming. 
 
 Future Indefinite or Aorist. 
 May, shall, or will become. 
 Singular. 
 
 Muen hooon, I may become. 
 Too how^, thou mayst become. 
 howif or hooo, he may become 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee howen, we may become. 
 Too see hod, ye may become. 
 Oho hon, they may become. 
 
 Future Indefinite Tense. 
 
 Shall, will, or may become. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen hoanga, I shall become. 
 Too howega, thou shalt become. 
 howega, or hooogoo, he shall 
 become. 
 
 Ussee howange, we shall become. 
 Too see hoog^, ye shall become. 
 Oho hoeng6, they shall become. 
 
 Imperative. 
 
 Let me be. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen hooon, let me be. 
 Too ho, be thou. 
 howe, let him be. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee hdw6n, let us be. 
 Too see hoo, be ye. 
 Oho hon, let them be. 
 
 Respectful and Precative forms of the Future and 
 
 Imperative. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 Ap hoeee, Apa hoeee. 
 May you, Sir, become. 
 
 The Passive Voice. 
 Imperative for the second person singular or Root. 
 
 Sudyajd, be called. 
 
 Infinitive or Gerund. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Swrfyfl^rtwa, to be called. | /8^M</e y«W€, to be called. 
 
XX 
 
 Past Participle. 
 
 Singular. Plural, 
 
 Sudya gya, been called. 
 
 Sude gycy been called. 
 
 Singular. 
 Sudya janda, been called. 
 
 Present Participle. 
 
 Plural. 
 I Sude jande, being called. 
 
 Past Conjunctive Participle. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Sudyttj ja, Jake, jakur, jakur ke^ 
 jakur kur, having been called. 
 
 Sude ja, jake, jakur, ja kurke, 
 jakur kur, having been called. 
 
 Pluperfect or Past Past Tense. 
 Had been called. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen sudya gya see, I had been \ Ussee sude gye sdn, we had been 
 
 called. called. 
 
 Too sudya gya se, or see, thou Too see sude gye sou or see, ye 
 _ hadst been called. I _ had been called. 
 
 sudya gya see, he had been ! Oho sude gye sun or see, they 
 
 called. 
 
 had been called. 
 
 Past Definite or Past Present Tense. 
 Have been called. 
 
 Singular. Plural. 
 
 Muen sudya gya han, I have been 
 
 called. 
 Too sudya gya hue, thou hast 
 _ been called. 
 O sudya gya hue, he has been 
 
 called. 
 
 Ussee sude gye han, we have 
 
 been called. 
 Too see sude gye ho, ye have 
 _ been called. 
 Oho sudye gye huen or hun, they 
 
 have been called. 
 
 Past Future Tense. 
 May, shall, or will have been called. 
 Singural. 
 
 Muen sudya gya hooon, I may, 
 
 have been called. 
 Too sudya gya home, thou mayst 
 _ have been called 
 sudya gya howe or hooo, he 
 
 may have been called. 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Ussee sude gye howen, we may 
 
 have been called. 
 7*00 see sude gye hoo, ye may 
 _ have been called. 
 Oho sude gye hon, they may 
 
 have been called. 
 
XXI 
 
 Or 
 
 Shall, will, or may, have been called. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen sudya gya howanga, I shall 
 
 have been called. 
 Too sudya gya howega, thou shalt 
 _ have been called. 
 O sudya gya hoivega, he shall 
 
 have been called. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee sude gye howange, we shall 
 
 have been calied. 
 Too see sude gye hooge ye shall 
 _ have been called. 
 Oho sude gye honge, they shall 
 
 have been called. 
 
 Past Conditional or Optative Tense. 
 If would to God, I had been called. 
 
 Singular. 
 Je muen sudya gya hoonda, if I 
 
 had been called. 
 Je too sudya gya hoonda, if thou 
 
 hadst been called 
 Je sudya gya hoonda, if he had 
 
 been called 
 
 Plural. 
 Je ussee sude gye hoonde if we 
 
 had been called. 
 Je too see sude gye hoonde, if ye 
 
 had been called. 
 Je oho sude gye hoonde, if they 
 
 had been called. 
 
 Present Indefinte Tense. 
 Am called. 
 
 Sino-ular. Plural. 
 
 Muen sudya janda, I am called 
 Too sudya janda, thou art called 
 sudya janda, he is called. 
 
 Ussee sude jande, we are called. 
 Too see sude jande, ye are called. 
 Oho sude jande, they are called. 
 
 Imperfect or Present Past Tense. 
 Was called. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen sudya janda sdn, I was 
 
 called, 
 Too sudya janda se or see, thou 
 _ wast called. 
 sudya janda see, he was called. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee sude jande sdn, we were 
 
 called. 
 Too see sude jande souo, ye were 
 _ called. 
 Oho sude jande sun, they were 
 
 called. 
 
 Present Definite or Present Present. » 
 
 Am being called. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee sude jande han, we are be- 
 ing called. 
 Too see sude jande ho, ye are be- 
 _ ing called. 
 
 Oho sude jande hun, they are 
 being called. 
 
 Singular 
 
 Muen sudya janda hdn, I am be- 
 ing called. 
 
 Too sudya janda hoe, thou art 
 
 _ being called. 
 
 sudya janda hue, he is being 
 called. 
 
XXll 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen sudya janda hooon, I may 
 
 be called. 
 Too sudya jdtida ho we thou 
 _ mayst be called. 
 O sudya jdnda howe, he may be 
 
 called. 
 
 Present Future Tense. 
 
 May be called. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee sude jande howen, we may 
 
 be called. 
 Too see sude jande hoo, ye may 
 _ be called. 
 Oho sude jande hon, they may 
 
 be called. 
 
 Or 
 
 Shall be called. 
 Singular. 
 Muen sudya janda hoanga, I 
 
 shall be called. 
 Too sudya jdnda howengd, thou 
 _ shalt be called. 
 sudya janda howegd, he shall 
 be called. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee sude jnnd^ howdnge, we 
 
 shall be called. 
 Too see sude jande hooge^ ye 
 _ shall be called. 
 Oho sude jande hoenge, they 
 
 shall be called. 
 
 Future Indefinite or Aorist Tense. 
 May, shall, or will be called. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen sudya jaoon, I may be 
 
 called. 
 Too sudyajdwe ovjae, thou mayst 
 _ be called. 
 O sudya jdwe ov ja4, he may be 
 
 called. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee sude jdye, we may be 
 
 called. 
 Too see sude jao, ye may be 
 
 called. 
 Oho sude jdiven^ they may be 
 
 called. 
 
 Future Indefinite Tense. 
 Shall, will, or may be called. 
 
 Singular. 
 Muen sudya jddnga, I shall be 
 
 called. 
 Too sudya jdenga^ thou shalt be 
 _ called. 
 
 O sudya jaogoo orja^ga^ he shall 
 ^ be called. 
 
 Imperative. 
 Let me be called 
 
 Singular 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee sude jaange, we shall be 
 
 called. 
 Too see sude jaoge, ye shall be 
 
 called. 
 Oho sude jaenge^ they shall be 
 
 called. 
 
 Muen sudya jaoon, let me be 
 
 called. 
 Too sudya ja, be thou called. 
 O sudya jdwi, let him be called. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ussee sudijaye, let us be called 
 
 Too see sude jay o^ be ye called. 
 Oho sude jaun^ let them be 
 called. 
 
XXIU 
 
 Respectful and Precative forms of the Future and 
 
 Imperative. 
 Ap sudejaiyey may you, Sir, be called. 
 
 Indeclinable Words. 
 
 Besides the post-positions before enumerated, there 
 are many words used in like manner, which being, for 
 the most part, nouns, or participles governed by a sim- 
 ple post-position understood generally, require de, or dee 
 before them, and the most common of them which re- 
 quire de are the following : — 
 
 De kol, mood, pas, lag. 
 
 nal 
 
 uge, ugahan, 
 
 rooburoo, 
 
 undur, 
 
 vich, 
 
 bahur, 
 
 pichhe, 
 
 oote, ootle, 
 
 ootahan, 
 
 het h, huthahan, 
 
 tule, neewa, par 
 
 sugon, nalon, . . 
 
 sugma, 
 
 waste, 
 
 wutte, budle, . . 
 
 burabur, sawan, 
 
 huth, 
 
 joga, vurga, . . 
 
 near, at the side. 
 
 in company with. 
 
 in front, before. 
 
 in front, facing. 
 
 within, in the inside. 
 . . in, among, between. 
 
 without or outside. 
 . . in the rear, behind. 
 
 * * >- on the top, above, upon. 
 J- beneath, under. 
 
 J- besides, except. 
 
 on account, for. 
 in exchange, instead, 
 equal to, opposite to. 
 into the hand. 
 
 > fit, worthy, capable, 
 use which take dee before 
 
 m 
 
 jiha, laeq,. 
 
 And the words most 
 them are — 
 
 Dee wul, .... on the side, towards. 
 
 turan, in the manner, like. 
 
 khater, leee, .... for the sake of. 
 
 The adverbs of most frequent occurrence in Punjabee 
 are the following — 
 
XXIV 
 
 Hoon, 
 
 Teek, 
 
 Hoon, teek, 
 
 Kud or kudon, 
 
 Kudon teek, 
 
 Kudhee, 
 
 Kudbee kudhain, 
 
 Kudde kudde, 
 
 Kudhe nu kudhe, 
 
 Kudoii te, kudon kooda, 
 
 Kud he nuheen, 
 
 Jud, jis vele, 
 
 Judon teek, 
 
 Jud kudhe, 
 
 Tud, tuddn teek, 
 
 Uethe, ues thanw, 
 
 Uethe hee, 
 
 Uethe teek, 
 
 Ot he, OS thanw, odur, . . 
 
 Ot he hee. 
 
 Kit he, kis thanw, 
 
 Jithon, jis thanw. 
 
 Jit he jit he, jis jis 
 
 Kit he na kit he, 
 
 Kise na kise thanw, 
 
 Kithe nuheen, 
 
 Kise thanw nuheen, 
 
 Sare hee, hur t hanw, 
 
 Hor the, hor kithe, 
 
 Horus thanw, hordur, 
 
 Uedur, udur noon, ues wul,\i , .,, 
 
 Ues pase, ues thanw, .... J ' 
 
 Kid,hur, .... where, w.hither. 
 
 Kithe, kis thanw, kis wul,l , i -.i 
 
 K. • _ / 1 /' ^1 / •• n > where, whither. 
 IS pase, kere bune, jid hur, J 
 
 thanw. 
 
 now. 
 
 to, until. 
 
 until now. 
 
 when. 
 
 till when, how long. 
 
 ever, some time. 
 
 > sometimes. 
 
 some time or other, 
 since when 
 never, 
 when. 
 
 till when, until, 
 whenever, 
 then. 
 
 here, this place, 
 exactly here, 
 hitherto, to his degree, 
 there, that place, 
 exactly, there. [where, 
 
 where, somewhere, any- 
 where, 
 wherever. 
 
 '*'*?- some where or other. 
 
 ■•;;} 
 
 no where, 
 everywhere. 
 > elsewhere. 
 
 Oote, OS thanw, 
 
 Os thikhane, os wul, 
 
 Kithon, kidhuron, 
 
 Kis thanw, 
 
 Ues turan, ues kurk^, 
 
 Uedur, odur. 
 
 I there, thither. 
 
 whence. 
 
 thus, in this manner, 
 here and there. 
 
 :} 
 
XXV 
 
 Jon ka teon. 
 
 Use hee, ose wurga, . 
 
 Ose vele, ose g,huree, 
 
 Ose pul, 
 
 Keon, kis turan, 
 
 Teon, tis turan, 
 
 Jeon, teon, kiwe na kiwe 
 
 Kisee na^ kisee turah, . . . 
 
 Ues turan, ues kurke, . . . 
 
 Wuese, 
 
 Kis turan, kis kurke, . . . 
 
 Jiha, tiha, juesa, tuesa, . 
 
 Uetna, ituna, 
 
 Otuna, 
 
 Kitna ko ketna, 
 
 Jitna, 
 
 Kyee varee, 
 
 Jitna varee, jue varee, . 
 
 Jitne p here, jitne morke,. 
 
 Tetne varee, tetne phere 
 
 Tetne morke, 
 
 Ik varee, 
 
 Buhoote varee, p.hir p.hir. 
 
 Moor gher, 
 
 Varee varee, var o waree 
 
 Phir, phirke, moorke. 
 
 Din din, nit nit, roz roz. 
 
 Rat de wuqt, rat noon. 
 
 Rat de vele, rat vu rateen 
 
 Rat dee rat, 
 
 Humesh humeshan, 
 
 Hur ghuree, dum bu dum 
 
 Pul pul pur, 
 
 Toort bu toortee, 
 
 Phoortee nal, 
 
 Shitabee nal, chetee nal, 
 
 Kalee kurke, j hut nal, 
 
 Kasht kurke, dum nal, 
 
 Syjhe syjhe, houle houle 
 
 Nima nima, russe russe, 
 
 Ahiste ahiste. 
 
 } 
 ■I 
 
 } 
 
 as before, 
 as originally. 
 
 exactly then. 
 
 how. 
 like. 
 
 some how or other. 
 
 thus, 
 so. 
 how. 
 as, so. 
 this much, 
 that much, 
 how much, 
 as much as. 
 how often. 
 
 as often. 
 
 so often. 
 
 once. 
 
 often, repeatedly. 
 
 alternately. 
 
 again. 
 
 daily. 
 
 by night. 
 
 perpetually. 
 
 instantly, quickly. 
 
 gently, gradually, softly. 
 
XXVI 
 
 Tylir tyhr kurke, 
 
 D heere dheere, 
 
 Ik ek hoke, pue dur pue 
 
 War o waree, 
 
 Ugur pich hur^, ud o udee 
 
 Jooda jooda, udh udh. 
 
 Pal o palee, kitar kitar, 
 
 Udh, wuk, jooda, 
 
 Ek pase kurke, 
 
 Sugon, sugnea, nale, . 
 
 Nire, nikut, amo samhne 
 
 Sun mookh, rooburoo, 
 
 Bura burabur, pal o palee 
 
 Nal de nal, ukuthe, 
 
 Sath kurke, sung kurke 
 
 Sanjee minjee, 
 
 Pichon, mugron, 
 
 Pichharean pichhon olee 
 
 Pich he, mugur ounda, 
 
 Pichhare, 
 
 Juroor jurooran, 
 
 D huko dhuke, 
 
 K hwah muk hawah. 
 
 Bud o budee, 
 
 Mook.htee, 
 
 Chanchuk, uchuruj nal 
 
 Ukut h nal, eke waree, 
 
 Puehla, 
 
 Dooje, pich.hon olee, 
 
 Unt vich, 
 
 Uj, 
 
 Kul, 
 
 B.hulk6, 
 
 Uj kul, 
 
 Purson, 
 
 Chouuth, chouthe, 
 
 Chulange, musojure, 
 
 Laalee p hiree hooee, 
 
 Oshair de vele, suvere, 
 
 Oogde din nal, 
 
 Churh de din da. 
 
 > gently, gradually, softly. 
 
 successfully, separately, 
 I one by one. 
 
 } 
 
 aside. 
 
 ,r 
 
 besides, moreover, 
 near, about, 
 pposite, face to 
 before. 
 
 face. 
 
 together. 
 
 > after, afterwards. 
 
 > at the heel, following after. 
 
 willing or not willing. 
 
 gratuitously, 
 
 suddenly, unawares. 
 
 all at once. 
 
 rather before, soon, first. 
 
 second. 
 
 at length. 
 
 to-day. 
 
 yesterday. 
 
 to-morrow. 
 
 now-a-days. 
 
 two days ago or to come. 
 
 four days ago or to come. 
 
 •at the dawn of day. 
 
XXVll 
 
 Wuqt sur, vele de vele, . . from time to time. 
 
 Undur, undur noon, .... 1 
 
 Undur le pase, . . . . > within. 
 
 Undur lee wul, • • • • J 
 
 Uedur, .... on this side. 
 
 Odur, on that side. 
 
 Do een pase, do een wule, on both sides. 
 Sara hee, hur kithe, ....^ 
 Hurthanw, ' .... j every where. 
 
 Ooludya, pooludya, . . . . ^ 
 
 Mooda, sidha, uthahan, . . > upside down. 
 
 Ootahan, upoota sidha, . . ) 
 
 Buhoota, buhoot buhoota, " 
 
 Buhoote nalon, buhoota, . . 
 
 Buhoote t,hon, buhoota, . . Vmuch, very much. 
 
 Subna t,hon buhoota, .... 
 
 Ut h buhoota, J 
 
 Hor, jeeadu,sugon, sugnea, more. 
 Bus, anund, b hurpoor, , .1 , 
 
 Poorun, supoorun, / ^^^^^ ^• 
 
 Uksur, generally. 
 
 Nika qissu, ik fful vich, . . 1 . . ^ 
 Nooqtenal, ^ ....)'" ^'^^''t- 
 
 Mooqurrur, .... most likely. 
 
 Be shuqq, ni sung, . . . . | undoubtedly. 
 
 Juroor bur juroor, .... J -^ 
 
 Keon nuheen, .... it must be, why not. 
 
 Hanjee, bhula jee, yes. 
 
 Sut bujun, ucchee gul, . . certainly, in truth. 
 Huqq be huqq, . . right or wrong. 
 
 Such mooch, such michee,! ^ i • i i 
 Theek bu t,heek, ....' | truly, indeed. 
 
 Hurguz nuheen, 1 i _ . ^ n 
 
 Kudhe' nuheen, . . . . | ^^ "« ™^^"«' "«* ^t ^"' 
 
 Nuheen tan, .... otherwise, else. 
 
 Na, .... no, do not. 
 
 Kuda chit, .... perhaps. 
 
 Hoonda howe, .... may be, perhaps. 
 
 ^hugwandee | would to God. 
 
 Murjee hoondee, J 
 
 Jet ha, .... unless. 
 
XXVIU 
 
 Sirf, 
 
 only. 
 
 Bee, 
 
 .... also. 
 
 Je, jetha. 
 
 .... if. 
 
 Musula, urt,h. 
 
 for example. 
 
 Bhula je, hur puk. 
 
 .... although. 
 
 The words commonly adopted as interjections are the 
 following. 
 
 Wah wah, shabash, .... 1 ^| j 
 D,hun d hun, afree baad, . . J 
 K.huburdar, tuka ho, have a care. 
 
 ?la hoya, Z han, ! ! ! ! } ^^-' ^^-ge, fie, tush. 
 Hut ja, dool ho, chulya ja,1 ^^ ^^^ 
 Pure ho, pre de ho, . . . . / ° 
 
 Vek.ho, see, look. 
 
 Wah o wah, aha aha, astonishing. 
 
 Choop kuro, soona, listen, hear. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 THE CARDINAL NUMBERS FROM ONE TO TWO HUNDRED. 
 
 1 ek eko, 
 
 2 do, 
 
 3 tun, 
 
 4 char, 
 
 5 punj, 
 
 6 che, 
 
 7 sut, 
 
 8 uth, 
 
 9 now, 
 
 10 dus, 
 
 11 yarah, 
 
 12 barah, 
 
 13 teruh, 
 
 14 chouduh, 
 
 15 pundruh, 
 
 16 soluh, 
 
 17 sutarah, 
 
 18 utharah, 
 
 19 oonnee, 
 
 20 vee, 
 
 21 ikee, 
 
 22 baee, 
 
 23 teee, 
 
 24 chouvee, 
 
 25 punjee or puchee, 
 
 26 chubee, 
 
 27 sutaee, 
 
 28 uthaee, 
 
 29 oonuttee, 
 
 30 tee, 
 
 31 ukutee, 
 
 32 butee 
 
 33 tetee, 
 
 34 choutee, 
 
 35 pyntee. 
 
 36 ehutee, 
 
 37 syntee, 
 
 38 uthuttee, 
 
 39 oontalee, 
 
 40 chalee, 
 
 41 ektalee, 
 
 42 butalee, 
 
 43 tetalee, 
 
 44 choutalee, 
 
 45 puntalee, 
 
 46 chutalee, 
 
 47 suntalee, 
 
 48 uthtalee, 
 
 49 oonunjar, 
 
 50 punj ah, 
 
 51 ukwunja, 
 
 52 buwunja, 
 
 53 tuwunja, 
 
 54 choorunja, 
 
 55 puchwunja, 
 
 56 chupunja. 
 
 57 sutwunja, 
 
 58 uthwunja, 
 
 59 oonath, 
 
 60 suth, 
 
 61 ekahath, 
 
 62 bahuth, 
 
 63 teehet h, 
 
 64 chouuth, 
 
 65 pyuth, 
 
 66 cheuth, 
 
 67 sutauth, 
 
 68 hutaut'h, 
 
 69 oon huttur, 
 
 70 suttur, 
 
XXX 
 
 71 hukhuttur. 
 
 112 bareah sou. 
 
 72 buhuttur. 
 
 113 tereah sou. 
 
 73 tehuttur. 
 
 114 choudeah sou. 
 
 74 chouhuttur. 
 
 115 pundreah sou. 
 
 75 punjhuttur. 
 
 116 soleah sou. 
 
 76 chehuttur. 
 
 117 sutareah sou. 
 
 77 suthuttur. 
 
 118 uthareah sou. 
 
 78 uthhuttur. 
 
 119 ooneeah sou. 
 
 79 oonasee. 
 
 120 veeah sou. 
 
 80 assee. 
 
 121 ekeeah sou. 
 
 81 ikeeasee. 
 
 122 baeeah sou. 
 
 82 beasee. 
 
 123 teeeah sou. 
 
 83 leasee, tirasee. 
 
 1 24 chouweeah sou. 
 
 84 chourasee. 
 
 125 punjeeah sou. 
 
 85 puchasee. 
 
 126 chubeeah sou. 
 
 86 cheasee. 
 
 127 sutaeeah sou. 
 
 87 sutasee. 
 
 128 uthaeeah sou. 
 
 88 uthasee. 
 
 129 oonutheeah sou. 
 
 89 oonanuwee. 
 
 130 teeah'sou. 
 
 90 nubbe. 
 
 131 ekutheeah sou. 
 
 91 ikanuwe. 
 
 132 buteeah sou. 
 
 92 banwe. 
 
 133 teteeah sou. 
 
 93 trenuwe. 
 
 134 chouteeah sou. 
 
 94 chouranuwe. 
 
 135 pjnteeahsou. 
 
 95 puchanuwe. 
 
 136 chuteeah sou. 
 
 96 cheanuwe. 
 
 137 synteeah sou. 
 
 97 sutanuwe. 
 
 138 uthutheeah sou. 
 
 98 uthaiiuwe. 
 
 139 oontaleah sou. 
 
 99 nurinwe. 
 
 140 chaleeah sou. 
 
 100 sou. 
 
 141 ektaleeah sou. 
 
 101 ikotur sou. 
 
 142 betaleeah sou. 
 
 102 burotur sou. 
 
 143 tetaleeab sou. 
 
 103 turotur sou. 
 
 144 choutaleeah sou. 
 
 104 chourotur sou. 
 
 145 puntaleeah sou. 
 
 105 puchotur sou. 
 
 146 chetaleeah sou. 
 
 106 cheotur sou. 
 
 147 suntaleeah sou. 
 
 107 sutotur sou. 
 
 148 uthtaleeah sou. 
 
 108 uthotur sou. 
 
 149 oonunjoo sou. 
 
 109 nurotur sou. 
 
 150 punjouoo sou. 
 
 110 dusotur sou, 
 
 151 ekwunjoo sou. 
 
 111 yarah sou. 
 
 152 buwunjoo sou. 
 
XXXI 
 
 153 turwunjoo sou, 
 
 154 chouruiijoo sou. 
 
 177 sut buttura sou, 
 
 178 uthbutura sou. 
 
 155 puchwanjoo sou, 
 
 156 chupuiijoo sou, 
 
 157 sutwuujoo sou, 
 
 158 uthwuiijoo sou. 
 
 179 oonaseeab sou, 
 
 180 usseeab, sou, 
 
 181 ekaseeah 
 
 182 beaseeab sou. 
 
 159 oonathur sou. 
 
 183 teaseeab, sou, 
 
 160 suthar sou. 
 
 184 cbouraseeab sou. 
 
 161 ukatur sou, 
 
 162 batur sou. 
 
 185 pucbaseeab sou, 
 
 186 cbeaseeab sou. 
 
 163 tretur sou. 
 
 187 sutaseeab sou. 
 
 164 choutur sou. 
 
 188 utbaseeab sou. 
 
 165 pyntur sou. 
 
 189 oonanoo sou, 
 
 166 cheatur sou. 
 
 190 nubboo sou. 
 
 167 sutatur sou. 
 
 191 ukanoo sou. 
 
 168 uthatur sou. 
 
 192 banoo sou. 
 
 169 oonutura sou. 
 
 193 trenoo sou. 
 
 170 suthura sou. 
 
 194 cbouranoo sou. 
 
 171 ekhuthura sou. 
 
 195 puchanoo sou. 
 
 172 buhut.hura sou. 
 
 196 cheanoo sou. 
 
 173 tuhuthura sou. 
 
 197 sutanoo sou. 
 
 174 cliouhutbura sou. 
 
 198 uthanoo sou. 
 
 175 pucbbutbura sou, 
 
 176 chehutbura sou. 
 
 199 nurinnoon sou. 
 
 200 do soe. 
 
 After 200 the calculation goes on by the addition of 
 the regular cardinal numbers thus : — 
 
 Do sue ek. 
 Do sue do. 
 Do sue teen. 
 Do sue char. 
 Do sue punj, &c. 
 
 The Ordinals are 
 
 6th, chewan. 
 7th, sustwan. 
 8th, uthwan. 
 9th, nouwan. 
 10th, duswan. 
 
 And so forth by adding wan to the cardinals. 
 In Punjabee the following ordinals are frequently 
 used instead of the above : — 
 
 1st, puehla. 
 2nd, doosra. 
 3rd, teesra. 
 4th, choutha. 
 5 th, punj wan. 
 
xxxu 
 
 1st, burkut 
 
 
 
 6th, chea. 
 
 2nd, (low a. 
 
 
 
 7th, suta. 
 
 3rd, wada. 
 
 
 
 8th, atha. 
 
 4th, chara. 
 
 
 
 9th, nuea. 
 
 5th, punja. 
 
 
 
 10th, dasa. 
 
 And so forth 
 
 by 
 
 the additon of a to the cardinal 
 
 numbers up to 100. 
 
 
 The aggregate 
 
 or 
 
 collective numbers are. 
 
 A two. 
 
 
 - . . . jora or jota or dookree. 
 
 A ■fnnr 
 
 
 fgunda, or chouguree, or 
 * ' * ' L choukur choukur. 
 
 XX ILfUI* 
 
 
 A five. 
 
 
 .... panj a or punjuree, or punj a. 
 
 A six. 
 
 
 .... chukureeorchukurchukur. 
 
 An eight. 
 
 
 atha. 
 
 A ten. 
 
 
 ..... dusa dasa. 
 
 A twenty. 
 
 
 .... vee. 
 
 A forty. 
 
 
 chalee. 
 
 A sixty. 
 
 
 .... sut h. 
 
 A hundred. 
 
 
 .... suekra. 
 
 A thousand. 
 
 
 .... lukh. 
 
 A ten millions. 
 
 
 krore. 
 
 A hundred millions. 
 
 .... 
 
 pudund. 
 
 double. 
 
 Proportionals and reduplicates are formed by adding 
 the following : — 
 
 Doohra, do pulla. 
 Do pasa, do eeuna. 
 Do lura, do dohra. 
 Do goochee, do chhula, 
 Doo kuree, do wunee. 
 Do chunda, do puk,ha. 
 
 } 
 
 two folds or rows, 
 two-fold. 
 
 Fractionals. 
 
 Masa, 
 Do masa, 
 Tu masa. 
 Tola, 
 Chutack, 
 Udh-pao, 
 Pouna pao, 
 Pao, 
 
 ^ih of a chutack. 
 
 I a chutack or sursaee. 
 
 f of a chutack. 
 
 3 chutacks. 
 
 equal to two ounces. 
 
 8th of a seer. 
 
 3 chutacks. 
 
 4th of a seer. 
 
XXXIU 
 
 Suwa pao. 
 
 five chutacks. 
 
 Dood pao. 
 
 six chutacks. 
 
 Ud h seer. 
 
 eight chutacks. 
 
 Pouna seer. 
 
 twelve chutacks. 
 
 Seer, 
 
 sixteen chutacks. 
 
 Suwa seer. 
 
 one seer and a quarter. 
 
 Derh seer, dood seer. 
 
 one seer and a half. 
 
 Poune do. 
 
 one and three quarters. 
 
 Do seer. 
 
 corresponding with 41b 
 
 
 English. 
 
 Suwa do seer. 
 
 two seers and a quarter. 
 
 D haee seer, 
 
 ' two seers and a half. 
 
 Poune tun seer. 
 
 two seers & three quarters. 
 
 Tun seer. 
 
 61b English. 
 
 Suwa tun. 
 
 three and a quarter. 
 
 Sade tun. 
 
 three and a half. 
 
 Poune char. 
 
 three and three quarters. 
 
 Char, 
 
 four seers. 
 
 Poune dus, 
 
 9 and three quarters. [(125). 
 
 Suwa sou. 
 
 one hundred & a quarter 
 
 D haee sue. 
 
 two hundred & fifty. 
 
 Months of 
 
 THE Year. 
 
 Magh, 
 
 January. 
 
 Phugoon, 
 
 February. 
 
 ' Chait, 
 
 March. 
 
 Vusakh, 
 
 April. 
 
 Jeth, ' 
 
 . . May. 
 
 Har, 
 
 . . June. 
 
 Sawun, 
 
 July. 
 
 Buhaduron, 
 
 August. 
 
 Ussoo, 
 
 September. 
 
 Kutte, 
 
 October. 
 
 Mugur, 
 
 November. 
 
 Poh, 
 
 December. 
 
 Days of the Week. 
 
 Uetwar, 
 
 Sunday. 
 
 Somwar, 
 
 Monday. 
 
 Mungulwar, 
 
 Tuesday. 
 
 Boodhwar, 
 
 Wednesday. 
 
XXXIV 
 
 Veerwar^ 
 
 Sookurwar, 
 
 Chunichurwar, 
 
 Thursday. 
 
 Friday, 
 
 Saturday. 
 
 Names of the Seasons. 
 Syal, seet, or shurdee, . . The cold weather. 
 Buhar, .. The sprmg. 
 
 Gurmee, . . The hot weather. 
 
 Wurkjia or bursat, . . The rainy season. 
 
 TABLE OF CONSANGUINITY, CALLED SAKA GEEREE. 
 
 babool, 
 
 dade 
 
 Father, 
 
 fbap, papoo, pitr 
 L lala pitr sing h. 
 /dada, baba, dadool, 
 \ halee. 
 
 pur dada, pur dade halee. 
 
 nukur dada. 
 
 peeree sudee. 
 
 {ma, umma mata, maee, 
 bobo, unee bobo. 
 fdadee wudee, umma, pur 
 \ dadee. 
 pur dadee. 
 nugur dadee. 
 nanee. 
 
 Grandfather, 
 
 Great grandfather. 
 Great great grandfather, 
 A generation. 
 
 Mother, 
 
 Grandmother, 
 
 Great grandmother 
 
 Great great grandmother. 
 
 Maternal grandmother. 
 
 Great grandmother. 
 
 Great great grandmother. 
 
 Maternal grand father. 
 
 Maternal great grandfa- 
 ther. 
 
 Maternal great great grand- 1 ^^j^^^ ^^.^^^ 
 lather, J 
 
 Brother, b haee prao, bhyeea prawa. 
 
 Brother's son or nephew,. . bhuteeja, bhutteej. 
 
 Brother's daughter or niece, b huteejee. 
 
 Son, . . pootr, beta, lurka, shor. 
 
 T>, 1 ^ f d hee, betee, pootree, kun va. 
 
 Daughter, ..j ■ ^^^^^^ 
 
 pur nanee. 
 nukur nanee. 
 
 } 
 
 nana. 
 
 pur 
 
 nana. 
 
XXXV 
 
 Grandson or son's son. 
 Granddaughter's son. 
 Daughter's daughter. 
 Great grandson. 
 Great granddaughter, 
 Great great grandson. 
 Great great granddaughter 
 Paternal aunt. 
 Paternal aunt's husband,. 
 Paternal uncle's younge 
 
 brother. 
 Father's elder brother, . 
 Maternal aunt. 
 Maternal uncle. 
 Maternal aunt's husband. 
 Maternal uncle's wife, , 
 
 Wife, 
 
 Wife's family, 
 
 Wife's father or father-in 
 
 law. 
 Wife's father's father. 
 Wife's mother or mother 
 
 in-law. 
 Wife's mother's mother, . 
 Wife's brother, 
 Wife'§ brother's wife. 
 Wife's sister, 
 Brother-in-law's family, . 
 Wife's mother's brother, . 
 Wife's mother's brother' 
 
 family. 
 Wife's mother's father, . 
 Wife's mother's father'; 
 
 wife. 
 
 Wife's father's brother. 
 
 Wife's father's sister. 
 Son's father and mother' 
 family. 
 
 potra. 
 
 potree. 
 
 dotee. 
 
 pur otura pur dota. 
 
 pur oturee pur dotee. 
 
 nukur dota. 
 
 nukur dotee. 
 
 b hooa p hoop hee. 
 
 phopharo. 
 
 > chacha, chache. 
 
 taiyur baba. 
 
 masee, museree. 
 
 mama mumera. 
 
 masoor. 
 
 mamee mumeree. 
 fvoteerun, bohoo, teemee, 
 (^ istree naree. 
 
 {nar, worut, ghurwalee soure 
 an de lok. . 
 
 soura. 
 
 dade oura. 
 
 sus. 
 
 nunnes. 
 sala, sulera. 
 sale har. 
 salee. 
 sandoo. 
 muleeoura. 
 
 > mules. 
 
 } 
 
 nuneeoura. 
 
 nunnes. 
 
 {pateeoura (elder) chiche- 
 oura (younger.) 
 p hoophes phoophulee. 
 \ koorm halee, koosmut koor. 
 j ma charee. 
 
XXXV 1 
 
 Son's wife. . . noho bohoo. 
 
 Son's wife's father, . . koorm. 
 
 Son's wife's mother, . . koorm unee. 
 
 Son's wife's father's brother, koormeta. 
 
 Son's wife's mother's sister, kormetee. 
 
 Daughter's family-in-law, . koorm koorm ut, suga ritee. 
 
 Daughter's husband, . . juwaee jawatru. 
 
 Daughter's husband's bro-jj^^^^^^^^ ,^^^^^^ ^j^^^^^ 
 
 ^;.. . , p ., fbhunwaeea jeeja, buhnaee 
 
 ^' ' ' \ byhn wijjeea. 
 
 -p xr. » -f Tpurjaee bhabee bhabo wu- 
 
 lirother s wite, . . | ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^_^^ purjaee. 
 
 Husband's younger brother, dewur, wuda jeth. 
 Younger brother's son, . . dorat h. 
 Elder brother's son, . . jotot h. 
 Sister's son, , . b hunewa. 
 
 Sister's daughter, . . bhunewee. 
 
 Sister's son's son, . . do tuwan. 
 
 Sister's daughter's daugh-1 . , 
 
 ter, . . / ^ ^^' 
 
 Father's son, . , prao b haee. 
 
 Father's brother's son, . , chuehera, prao. 
 
PART III. 
 
 DIALOGUES. 
 
INDEX TO 
 GRAMMATICAL AND EXPLANATORY NOTES. 
 
 A 
 
 
 E 
 
 
 Jinan, vide Note 
 
 139 
 
 Abo, vide Note 97 
 
 E da, vide Note 
 
 47 
 
 Jit.be, 
 
 148 
 
 198 
 
 66 
 
 161 
 
 Akban, , 
 Ak,bda, , 
 
 121 
 126 
 
 Elioon, „ 
 e1io. 
 
 187 
 5 
 3 
 
 Joomu, „ 
 Jud, „ 
 Jurra, „ 
 
 An, , 
 
 7 
 
 E^8, 
 
 Juwan, „ 
 
 115 
 
 Anda, , 
 
 > • 
 181 
 
 E Ji puk, 
 
 E tjbe, ,, 
 
 224 
 225 
 
 K 
 
 
 Aiiora, „ y 
 
 
 
 
 
 O ' 
 
 
 
 
 Kagbut, vide Note 
 
 "73 
 
 B 
 
 
 G 
 
 
 Kedee, „ 
 
 36 
 
 B, vide Note 16 
 Banee, „ 190 
 
 Guddee, vide Note 
 Gudweee, ,, 
 
 60 
 92 
 
 K6ra, 
 
 Kere kere, ,, 
 
 -IT 
 
 14 
 91 
 
 Bee, , 
 Beub,dee, , 
 Bud be hooe, , 
 Budle, 
 
 B.buj gya, , 
 B.bulke, 
 Budooq, , 
 B.bula je, , 
 Burdee, , 
 Buk, 
 
 211 
 156 
 231 
 129 
 212 
 116 
 151 
 105 
 141 
 207 
 
 Gundree, ,, 68 
 
 II 
 
 Ilungda, vide Note 149 
 Hnjir, „ 11 
 Han, „ 18 
 Hor, „ 24 
 Horus, „ 125 
 Hoya, „ 209 
 Hoodu, ,, 155 
 
 Kee, „ 
 
 Kee kee, „ 
 
 Kee koo, „ 
 
 Keeta, ,, 
 
 Ketneean, „ 
 
 K.lia, 
 
 Kinne kinne, ,, 
 
 Kit,b6, 
 
 Kit,b5n, „ 
 
 Kole, 
 
 Kolon, „ 
 
 188 
 
 178 
 
 196 
 
 166 
 
 35 
 
 58 
 
 180 
 
 23 
 
 31 
 
 33 
 
 19 
 
 C 
 
 
 Hooridee, ,, 
 
 25 
 
 Kliolun, ,, 
 
 140 
 
 
 Iloone, ,, 
 
 43 
 
 Krota, „ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Cbabnda, vid< 
 
 3 Note 127 
 
 Hue, 
 
 15 
 
 Kudon, „ 
 
 167 
 
 Cbookke, , 
 
 67 
 
 Huno'da, ,, 
 
 122 
 
 Kunneean, ,, 
 
 80 
 
 Cbounke, , 
 
 72 
 
 Hunr 
 
 143 
 
 
 
 Cboree dee an 
 
 163 
 
 Hut b, „ 
 
 45 
 
 L 
 
 
 Cburbda, , 
 Cliukange, , 
 
 17 
 
 69 
 
 Humesban, ,. 
 
 160 
 
 Leee, vide Note 
 
 74 
 
 
 
 
 
 Loude vele, ,, 
 
 70 
 
 D 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 Lumee lumee. 
 
 194 
 
 Da, de, dee, v 
 
 ide Note 2 
 
 Jamun, vide Note 
 
 144 
 
 M 
 
 
 Daree, 
 
 „ 210 
 
 Jan, „ 
 
 168 
 
 
 Bee leee, 
 
 ,. 119 
 
 Jaun, ,, 
 
 46 
 
 Mape, vide Note 
 
 94 
 
 Denda, 
 
 „ 203 
 
 Jede, „ 
 
 228 
 
 Mekbjeen, „ 
 
 199 
 
 Dinda, 
 
 ,, 172 
 
 Jee de nal, ,, 
 
 193 
 
 Micbee, ,, 
 
 108 
 
 Bittee, 
 
 87 
 
 Jeba jeba, „ 
 
 226 
 
 Mit.ba, ,, 
 
 182 
 
 D by pya. 
 
 „ 201 
 
 Jelioee, ,, 
 
 184 
 
 Mooddn, ,, 
 
 192 
 
 Doan, 
 
 „ 206 
 
 Jet ban or jet^ba. 
 
 38 
 
 Mue noon, ,, 
 
 51 
 
 Brod, 
 
 42 
 
 Jeree, ,, 
 
 85 
 
 Mue t bon, „ 
 
 136 
 
 Doojee, 
 
 „ 150 
 
 Jibee, „ 
 
 28 
 
 Mujil, ,, 
 
 195 
 
 Dowe, 
 
 „ 111 
 
 Jiltgur, 
 
 89 
 
 Muloom, ,, 
 
 101 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Mushahoor, v. Note 202 
 Mutubul. „ 8 
 
 Nal, 
 Nale, 
 
 N 
 
 vide Note 30 
 135 
 
 
 
 vide 
 
 0, 
 
 Odee, 
 
 Odon, 
 
 Odur, 
 
 Oho, 
 
 Ona, 
 
 Onoon, 
 
 Ona noon, 
 
 Ona dean, 
 
 Oochee, 
 
 Orar, 
 
 Ooian, 
 
 Oot, 
 
 Oote, 
 
 Ooton, 
 
 Os, 
 
 Os des dean 
 
 Otan, 
 
 Othe, 
 
 Otne, 
 
 Ounda, 
 
 Ound, 
 
 Note 
 
 6 
 173 
 
 79 
 
 52 
 
 189 
 
 84 
 
 13 
 
 132 
 
 175 
 
 179 
 
 186 
 
 32 
 
 77 
 
 174 
 
 177 
 
 78 
 
 183 
 
 169 
 
 10 
 
 100 
 
 220 
 
 134 
 
 P huroogoo, V. Note 1 64 
 Pich,hon, „ 165 
 
 Pochao, ,, 57 
 
 Poelioogoo, „ 117 
 Poundacliuj,,, 145 
 
 Pota, vide Note 
 Ponta, ,, 
 
 Puchayut, „ 
 Pyndee, „ 
 
 Pur, 
 
 Pya, 
 
 Pyee, 
 
 152 
 218 
 197 
 138 
 
 63 
 200 
 
 59 
 
 R 
 
 Reba, 
 
 vide Note 215 
 
 T>' A . / 53 
 
 itenaa, „ S 1 1 q 
 
 Ruhun, „ 176 
 
 S 
 
 Sa, or see, vi( 
 
 leNote 1 
 
 Sadee, 
 
 
 56 
 
 Sade-tun, 
 
 
 191 
 
 Sanoon, 
 
 
 37 
 
 Sat,lion, 
 
 
 223 
 
 Shah vele, 
 
 
 40 
 
 Shanw, 
 
 
 55 
 
 So, 
 
 
 34 
 
 Sun, 
 
 
 143 
 
 Sune, 
 
 
 64 
 
 Subs turan, 
 
 
 157 
 
 Subna, 
 
 
 217 
 
 Sugon, 
 
 
 162 
 
 Sudanga, 
 
 
 128 
 
 T 
 
 
 
 Tama, vide Note 
 
 95 
 
 Tan, 
 
 > 
 
 39 
 
 T6dee, 
 
 f> 
 
 221 
 
 Teha, 
 
 if 
 
 171 
 
 Teha teha, 
 
 > 
 
 227 
 
 Teeja, 
 
 > 
 
 230 
 
 Teek, 
 
 > 
 
 62 
 
 Teeon, 
 
 » 
 
 214 
 
 Thon, 
 
 
 130 
 
 Too, 
 
 J 
 
 27 
 
 Too hanoon, v. Note 75 
 
 Too sau. 
 
 To see, 
 
 Tuenoon. 
 
 Tuet hon, 
 
 Tun,' 
 
 Turan, 
 
 Tuteek, 
 
 Tuweez, 
 
 Twada, 
 
 Twanoon, 
 
 86 
 
 27 
 
 76 
 
 12 
 
 83 
 
 29 
 
 185 
 
 213 
 
 20 
 
 133 
 
 U 
 
 Uedee, vide Note 137 
 
 Uedoon uge, ,, 
 
 219 
 
 Uedur, 
 
 
 49 
 
 Ues, 
 
 
 50 
 
 Uet hon, 
 
 
 93 
 
 Uje," 
 
 
 98 
 
 Ukh^, 
 
 
 147 
 
 Ussan, 
 
 
 90 
 
 Ussee, 
 
 
 48 
 
 Ust bajee. 
 
 
 154 
 
 Uswaree, 
 
 
 61 
 
 Uthon, 
 
 V 
 
 159 
 
 Veeah, vide Note 208 
 
 Veeween, 
 
 j> 
 
 142 
 
 Vich, 
 
 >> 
 
 21 
 
 Vikhda, 
 
 if 
 
 96 
 
 Vurre, 
 
 jy 
 
 222 
 
 w 
 
 Wat, vide Note 206 
 Wude, ,, 
 
 Wujeerdean, ,, 
 Wurf, 
 
 Wurga, „ 
 
 Wuttee, „ 
 
 146 
 26 
 205 
 119 
 153 
 
SELECTIONS FROM 
 
 THE DIALOGUES IN HINDOOSTANI 
 
 BY THE LATE DR. GILCHRIST. 
 
 There was a king who had 
 a daughter, but had no 
 son. 
 
 What is the custom of this 
 bazar ? 
 
 That's the man. 
 
 He will return in a moment. 
 
 The short of it is, that I 
 will go to-morrow. 
 
 The whole are there. 
 
 I will take the business from 
 thee and give it to him. 
 
 I k Raja sa' jis de^ ghur ik 
 d hee see, pur pootr koee 
 ne sa. 
 
 Es^ bazar dee, kee* dus- 
 toor hue ? 
 
 E ho^ hue. 
 
 O^ik do pulan'^ vich phi- 
 
 rega. 
 MutubuF eho hue, ki muen 
 
 bhulke jaanga.^ 
 Othe'® sub hajir" huen. 
 Muen tuethon*^ kum la an- 
 
 ga, hor onoon'^ de anga. 
 
 GRAMMATICAL NOTES. 
 
 * Sa or see, is the auxiliary past, and corresponds with t^ha or thee in 
 Hindustani. 
 
 ^ Da,M, dee, are used in Punjabee, instead of the post positions ka, M, Tcee. 
 
 ^ E s (pronounced as ace) is used instead of the inflected state of the 
 demonstrative pronoun wooh, viz. is. 
 
 * Kee what (pronounced as key) is always used instead of kya. 
 
 ^ Eho this, and oho, that, he, correspond with the demonstrative pro- 
 nouns yih, this, and wooh, that. 
 
 * is used for wooh or cos. 
 
 ' An is the affix for the nominative phiral, whether the noun is mascu- 
 line or feminine, as munookhan men, teemeedn women. 
 
 * Mutuhul is a corruption of mutluh. 
 
 ® Anga is the termination of the future tense, corresponding with oonga. 
 
 »" OtM is always used instead of wuhan, there. 
 
 " Hajir. In Punjabee j is almost invariably used instead of z, thus 
 juroor, munjoor, hajir, for zuroor, munzoor, hazir. 
 
 '' TuetJwn instead of toojh s6, from thee. 
 
 13 noon, 6 instead of oos, and noon, instead of ko, thus onoon, cor- 
 responding with oos ho. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Who is he ? 
 
 The brother of your wor- 
 ship's cook. 
 
 Go to the groom, put this 
 grain before him, and see 
 that he feeds the horse. 
 
 I have come on the part of 
 the King as ambassador 
 to this government. 
 
 In your opinion, is the rear 
 of this house handsomer 
 than the front ? 
 
 I conceive that the front is 
 more elegant than the 
 rear. 
 
 What connexion is there 
 between the prince's son 
 and this report ? 
 
 The matter may be so, 
 amongst the minister's 
 servants, but it is other- 
 wise with the general's 
 domestics. 
 
 Oho kera^* munookh hue?*^ 
 Ap de lungree da b hrao. 
 
 Ghore de tueleee pas 
 
 jake, eh danu rukhkhe, 
 
 vekho,^ki o ghore noon 
 
 churhda^^ hue. 
 Muen wukeel hoke aya 
 
 han'^ es sirkar pas Raja 
 
 de kolon.'^ 
 Twada^^ sumujh vich,^' eh 
 
 ghur uge nalon, pichhon 
 
 sona hue ? 
 Meree sumuj h vich, es da 
 
 ugare pichhare nalon®^ 
 
 buhoot sona hue. 
 Kit,he^ Raja da beta hor*^ 
 
 kit,he eh gul ? 
 
 Bat is turan hoondee-^hogee 
 wujeer dean^° nuokuran 
 vich, pur buJihshee dean 
 noukuran vich, gul hor 
 turan dee hue. 
 
 '* Kera, is the interrogative pronoun, and corresponds with Jcotm, who ? 
 
 '^ Hue is Dr. Gilchrist's mode of Orthography, and will therefore be 
 adopted throughout this work, it is only to be remembered that ue is pro- 
 nounced as "eye." 
 
 '^ In Punjabee V, B, and W, appear to be indiscrimately used, thus 
 v6kho or wekho ; see houne wdla or waonS wala, a driver. 
 
 " Churhda. As in Hindoostanee, ta is the present termination, so in 
 Punjabee, da is invariably used, thus dekhda, kurda, ounda, Unda, <kc. &c. 
 
 '^ Han the auxiliary present, corresponding with hoonam. 
 
 '' Kolon. Kol is generally used instead of pas, and on is the ablative 
 termination instead of se. 
 
 ^° Twdda corresponds with toomhara. 
 
 ^^ Vich is a corruption of beech. 
 
 ^^ On is used in the ablative case instead of se. 
 
 ^^ Kit fie corresponds with kuhan, where ? 
 
 ^* Hor the conjunction instead of our. 
 
 ** Hoondee corresponds with the auxiliary conditional or optative tense, 
 hotee. 
 
 ^® The post positions da, de, dee, are often inserted between the noun and 
 its plural termination, as in ivujeer dean. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 What do you want ? 
 Who makes a noise ? 
 
 What do you say ? 
 
 Call him. 
 
 What is your advice ? 
 
 This will be better than all. 
 
 It is the same thing. 
 There is no difference. 
 You speak very low. 
 
 Can you speak Punjabee ? 
 Speak easy Punjabee. 
 What you speak is very 
 
 difficult. 
 Say that again. 
 
 You speak very quickly. 
 
 I do not understand. 
 
 Tell me what he says. 
 Whence came you ? 
 Come hither. 
 
 Come near. 
 
 Twadee kee ichha hue ? 
 Kera munook h roula poun- 
 da hue ? 
 
 {Too^^ kee ak hda hue ? 
 Too see kee dusde ho ? 
 Onoon sudo. 
 r Twada kee sulah hue ? 
 L Twada kee mut hue ? 
 E he subna nalon, chungee 
 
 hogee. 
 E ko hue eko jihee^^ hue. 
 Koochh furq naheen. 
 Too buhoot houle houle 
 
 bolda hue. 
 Too see Punjabee j ande ho ? 
 Sook halee Punjabee akho. 
 Jis turan^^ too ak hda hue, 
 
 so buhoot ouk^hur hue. 
 Oho p hir akho. 
 rToo buhoot shitabee naP° 
 J bolda hue. 
 i Too see buhoot chetee 
 (^ koonda hue. 
 Muen nuheen sumujhda 
 
 han. 
 Akho, o kee koonda hue. 
 Kit hon*^ aye ho ? 
 Ooran^^ ao. 
 TKole^' ao. 
 \Moode ao. 
 
 ^'' Too is used by a superior, speaking to an inferior, and too see, by an 
 inferior, when addressing a superior, toom is never used under any cir- 
 cumstances in Punjabee. 
 
 58 Jihee corresponds with the adjunct of similitude sa, as teemee jihee 
 like a woman. 
 
 ^ Turdn is used instead of turuh, and is a mere corruption of the 
 latter word. 
 
 ^° NaX is used instead of the Hindoostaui word sath, with which it 
 corresponds. 
 
 ^' Kithon is used instead of kuJiause, whence. 
 
 '"^ Oordn corresponds with idhur, hither. 
 
 ^' KoU the e seems more to be used for the sake of euphony than for 
 any other reason. 
 
8 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Go away. 
 
 Is there any news to-day. 
 
 How do you do. 
 
 What is your age ; or how 
 old are you ? 
 
 I do not want more. 
 
 Tell the groom to get the 
 
 horse ready. 
 Give me the whip and 
 
 round hat. 
 Bring the palkee. 
 If you don't do your work 
 
 better, 1 will turn you 
 
 away. 
 Bring breakfast. 
 Give me the sugar candy. 
 Bring me some more milk. 
 
 Chule jao. 
 fAjdee kee khubur hue ? 
 < Ajdee koee gul ? 
 ( Ajdee kee so ?^* 
 
 {Too rajee hue. 
 Kee soorut Hue. 
 Teree kee oomr hue ? 
 Too ketneean^^ wurrean da 
 
 hue ? 
 Kedee^^ oomr hue ? 
 Sanoon^^ hor lor nuheen. 
 Sanoon hor loree naheen. 
 Ghore de tueleee noon ak ho 
 
 ki ghora teear kure. 
 Kotura hor golmol topee 
 
 sanoon de de. 
 Palkee leao. 
 
 Jetha^^ too chunga kum 
 na karenga, tan^^ muen 
 tue noon^^^juwab deanga. 
 ShaV vele dee rotee leao. 
 Mishree" leao. 
 Kooch hor dood** leao. 
 
 ^* So, from soonna, to hear. 
 
 '^ Ketneedn. In the Hindoostanee, the rule is, that when the noun 
 having the same termination immediately follows the pronoun, the plural 
 affix is then inadmissible to the pronouns, as oon logon men, but never 
 oonhon logon, amongst the people ; but in Punjabee it is just the reverse, 
 for the adjective or pronoun, noun, and verb, may all take the plural 
 affixes together, as in the above sentence, also in the following Des de os 
 wul, teemeedn sir ootS pund chook U oundeean huen. — In that part of the 
 country the women carry loads. 
 
 *^ KSdee corresponds with Jcya, what. 
 
 5^ Sanoon corresponds with humko or humhen, to me, or me. 
 
 ^* Jetha corresponds witli ugur, if ; it is also the relative pronoun, and 
 when used, is followed by its correlative, tan, instead of so, or to. 
 
 ^^ Tan correlative. 
 
 "®i Tue noon, corresponds with toojhJco, to thee, or thee. 
 
 *" Shah vele (morning time) this is purely idiomatical, and in contradis- 
 tinction, loudS vile {a,her noon-time,) is used in Punjabee. 
 
 *' Mishree : s and sh seem to be indiscriminately used, sometimes s is 
 employed, whilst for the same word sh is adopted in the Hindoostanee 
 and vice versa. 
 
 *^ Dcod (milk) pronounced as the English word good not as mood. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. U 
 
 I want to go out directly. Muen lioone^^ bahur jaya 
 
 chahnda ban. 
 
 ^xTv. 4. • ^u r J' ti fPursad** waste kee hue ? 
 
 What IS there tor dinner ? ^ rn i ^ - i ^ i i 
 
 (^Chukun waste kee hue ? 
 
 Bring water to wash my Huth^^ dhoun waste panee 
 
 hands. leao. 
 
 I want a boat to go to Soono, ek beree sa noon, 
 
 Calcutta. lorre dee hue, Kulkutte 
 
 noon jaun^° waste. 
 
 /E'da" bhara kitna hue. 
 
 \ E^da b hara kee hoe. 
 
 What is the fare of it ? 
 
 When can you go ? Too see kudon toorange. 
 
 We will go immediately. Ussee^^ hoone toorange. 
 
 rChetee nal uedur^^ beree 
 
 Brinff the boat here quickly. < ci u-u' ^ i 'so ^o^ r.A 
 ^ / >^bitabee nal ues " pas se 
 
 (^ beree leao. 
 
 Is the tide in now ? Hoon tan panee churhya 
 
 hoya hue ? 
 
 No, Sir, it is ebb. Naheen, jee, lut,ha hoya 
 
 hue. 
 
 Put me on the shore. Sa noon bunne ootaro, mue 
 
 noon^^ kunde ootaro. 
 
 Go this way, turn that way. Uedur chulo, uedur noon 
 
 _ chulo, odur^^ p hiro. 
 
 What is the name of that fOs pind da kee nao hue? 
 
 village ? XOs graon da kee nao hue ? 
 
 Who lives there ? Ot he kera renda'' hue ? 
 
 *^ Hoone, hoon corresponds with uh (now) and e, with hee emphatic. 
 
 ** As in Hiudoostanee so in Punjabee the post positions are often 
 omitted when the sense is clear without then. 
 
 *^ Hutji instead of hath, hand. 
 
 ^^ Jaun, un is frequently used for the sign of the infinitive insa d of 
 na-ne and as ja-un oween ta-un to go, come, being. 
 
 *'' E'da corresponds with iska. 
 
 ^^ Ussee corresponds with hum, we. 
 
 *^ Uedur corresponds with idur, hither. 
 
 ^^ Ues, for is. 
 
 ** Mue noon is an anomaly, as the nominative case in Ilindoostanee does 
 not undergo inflexion, but mue noon is here applied as moojhko, to me or me. 
 
 ^^ Odur is used instead of oodhur — thither, thus uedur odur, hither, 
 thither. 
 
 ^^ Btnda corresponds with ruhta^ stays, remains. 
 
 d 
 
10 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Can you get any thing to 
 eat or drink there ? 
 
 Well take the boat there 
 and put to. 
 
 Come let us set off quickly. 
 
 Row fast, pull away, don't 
 be lazy. 
 
 Put up something to shelter 
 us from the sun. 
 
 What o' clock is it? 
 
 Othe khan peene waste 
 kooj ¥* milda hue ? 
 
 Dekho beree uethe hee 
 rukho, ussee hoone hee 
 
 Bring a palkee quickly. 
 
 Get porters and send my 
 baggage close along with, 
 me. 
 
 Where do you mean to go. 
 Sir? 
 
 Let them carry me at once 
 to the best tavern. 
 
 Who is that ? 
 
 Who are you ? 
 
 Is any body there ? 
 
 Has the gun fired ? 
 
 See what o'clock it is. 
 
 awange. 
 Chulo beree shitabee nal 
 
 kholo. 
 Chupur lao, jor jor dee 
 chupur lao, soostee nal 
 na kuro. 
 Kooj h khura kuro, shanw^^ 
 waste. 
 TKetneean ghureean din 
 } churhya hue ? 
 (^ K hetna ho din churhya hue? 
 
 {Palkee chetee nal leao. 
 Palkee shitabee nal leao. 
 Ungareean noon sudke sa- 
 dee^^ cheez wust sade 
 nal ghul deo. 
 Vugaree sudke sade nik- 
 sook, sade nal bhej deo. 
 r Too see kit he ootur oge ? 
 \ Too see muharaj kit he ruho- 
 
 ge? 
 (Subna nalon chungee hu- 
 welee vich sa noon ike 
 waree pochao." 
 /O kera hue ? 
 lO kera admee hue? 
 Too koun hue ? 
 Koee hue ? 
 Top chul gyee ? Top dug 
 
 gyee : 
 Vekho kha'' ketna 
 churhya hue ? 
 
 din 
 
 -''* Koojh, corniption of kooch, any. 
 
 ^■^ Shanw, corruption of chanw. 
 
 *^ Sddee, corresponding with m^ree^ my, mine. 
 
 *' Pochdo, corruption of puhonchao, convey. 
 
 ^ Kha is an idiomatical expression, corresponding with jee. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 11 
 
 Get the carriage ready. 
 
 Is the horse saddled or not? Ghore oote kathee pyee^^ 
 
 hue ki naheen ? 
 
 / Guddee^^ tyar kurwao. 
 
 ( Rera tyar kurao. 
 No ! no ! countermand it. Na ! na ! mune kurna. 
 
 rUswaree^' da ghora tyar 
 Order the saddle horse. < kuro. 
 
 (^ Uswaree da ghora peero. 
 
 ^r i. 1 '4.V. fToo sadenalo nal ianahue. 
 
 You must go along with^ ^^^ ^_^. ^_j ^J ^_^^ .._ 
 
 ^^' I henga. 
 
 Twada sahib uje teek^^ 
 
 Is your master up ? 
 
 Yes, Sir, but he is gone out 
 
 some where. 
 Do you know where he is 
 
 gone to ? 
 I don't know. 
 
 Is breakfast ready ? 
 
 Yes, Sir, I am now making 
 
 it. 
 I want apalkee and bearers. 
 
 What is the fare per day ? 
 Go straight forwards. 
 Turn to the right. 
 Turn to the left. 
 Go fast. 
 
 Go slowly. 
 
 Go there, go on, stop. 
 
 ,65 
 
 oo- 
 
 thya hue ki naheen ? 
 
 Hanjee oothya hue, pur 
 kit he bahur noon gya hue. 
 
 Too khooj h janda hue, ki 
 o kit he gya hue ? 
 
 Muen noon, feliubur na- 
 heen. 
 
 Shah vela tyar hue ? 
 
 Hanjee hoone tyar kurda 
 han. 
 
 Palkee sune^* kuhar, sa 
 noon looree de huen. 
 
 Ik din da b hara kee hue ? 
 
 Sid he agahon toorya j ao. 
 
 Suj he, mooro. 
 
 Kubbe mooro. 
 
 Chetee, chetee tooro. 
 
 {Sueje sueje tooro. 
 Houle houle tooro. 
 {Othe jao ugan toorke. 
 Krota^^ ruho. 
 
 '^ Pyee or pwf^ee instead of puree, fallen. 
 
 *® Guddee, corresponding with garee, a^cart or carriage. 
 
 ^' Uswaree, corruption of suwaree. 
 
 ^^ TeeJc corresponds with tuk, to. 
 
 *^ Pur. In Punjabee lekin is never used but aways pur for the con- 
 junction "but." 
 
 ^* Sune corresponds with ke sath, along with. 
 
 *^ Krota seems to be an exception to the general rule with reference 
 to the present tense, which is usually kurda, Unda, jdnda, kc. 
 
12 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Stop here till I return. 
 
 I will be back immediately. 
 
 Run on before and see if 
 
 Mr. — be at home or not. 
 
 Stop, stop, put the palkee 
 
 down. 
 Is your master at home ? 
 Take up the palkee and go 
 
 home. 
 Carry this bundle home. 
 
 Hand these things out of 
 
 the palkee. 
 I dine at Mr. 's. 
 
 You must go there in the 
 
 afternoon. 
 Bring dinner if ready. 
 
 Bring dinner. 
 
 Take away the things. 
 
 Give me salt, mustard, pep- 
 per, pickles, vinegar, 
 water, meat, and a clean 
 plate. 
 
 Bring ink, pen, and paper. 
 
 Carry this letter to Mr. 
 such a one's, and wait for 
 an answer. 
 
 E the ruho, judon^^ teek 
 
 muen p^hir na awanga. 
 Ise vele, usseep,hirawenge. 
 Ugan blnijke khubur leao 
 ki sahib g hur hue ki na- 
 
 heen. 
 Ruho, ruho, palkee hut han 
 
 ootaro. 
 Twada sahib ghur hue ? 
 Palkee chookke*^^ ghur 
 
 noon chulo. 
 E s gundree^^ noon g hur le 
 
 chulo. 
 Palkee vichon e cheezon 
 
 kud h lo. * 
 Ussee pursad chuckange^^ 
 
 fulane sahib de ghur. 
 Too san loude vele^*^ 
 
 j ana. 
 Jetha^* pursad tyar 
 
 tan leao. 
 Pursad chounke ^^ 
 
 leao. 
 Bhande chook le jao. 
 Sa noon, loon, race, mir- 
 
 chan, achar, sirka, Jul, 
 
 mas, suffa b handa, leao. 
 
 Boogta, likhun kaghut^'' 
 leao. 
 
 E^he hurdas fulane sahib de 
 pas le jao, hor ede ootur 
 waste ot he buet ha ruho. 
 
 othe 
 hue, 
 vich 
 
 '^^ Jud and tud, are used instead of juh, when, and^tit, then, 
 *' Chookke, and chukkc, are used instead of oothake, having taken up. 
 *^ Gundree is a corruption of guthree, a bundle. 
 
 *^ Chukange seems to be a more appropriate word than khaanga, as the 
 dinner is taken up with the lingers and tossed into the mouth. 
 '" Loude X)('le, vide note 40. 
 " Jt'thd, vide note 38. 
 
 '* Chounke a square pLicc, in which dinner is served. 
 '^ Kaghut, corruption of Kajhuz. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 13 
 
 Take this one to Mrs. such 
 a one's, and if she be out 
 deliver it to the porter. 
 
 What European is that ? 
 
 Whose horse is that ? 
 
 Order the palkee ? 
 
 Take me to the Post Office. 
 
 What is the postage to Be- 
 nares. 
 
 When the post-man comes 
 enquire if he have any 
 letters for me or not. 
 
 Do you know my name ? 
 
 It is written in this paper 
 that the post-man may 
 show it to the post master. 
 
 What do you want. 
 
 I want nothing from you, 
 but have come with a 
 
 message. 
 
 Speak loud and 1 shall hear 
 
 you. 
 Hold your tongue. 
 Speak slowly, and I shall 
 
 understand you. 
 
 Eh chittee fulane beebee 
 de ghur le jao, jetha, o 
 kithe bahur gyee howe 
 tan o de burwale noon 
 deo. 
 
 O gora koun hue ? 
 
 Oho kee da ghora hue ? 
 
 Palkee da hookm kuro ? 
 
 Sa noon dak ghur vich 
 ponchao. 
 
 Kasee teek, dak da bhara 
 ketna hue ? 
 
 Judon dak wala awe tan 
 onoon pooch lena, ki sa- 
 dee leee/^ koee hurdas 
 ayee hue, ki naheen. 
 
 Too sada nao janda hue ? 
 
 Es kaghut oothe, lik,hya 
 hue ki dak wala, dak de 
 sahib noon wuk,hale. 
 
 To see kee mangde ho? 
 
 Too hanoon^^ kee loree da 
 hue. 
 
 Tue noon''^ keelor hue muen 
 tuet hon" kooch h nuheen 
 mangda pur eko sunah 
 le kuraya han. 
 
 Oochee^^ koo oge tan upsee 
 soonange. 
 
 Choopkur ruho. 
 
 Toe see houle houle hor 
 sueje sueje bolke akho, 
 tan ussee sumj hange. 
 
 7* Li'ee instead of waste, 
 
 75 Too hanoon corresponds with toomho, or toorn hm, to you or you. 
 
 76 Tuenoon instead of toojlie or toojhko, to tliee or thee. 
 
 77 Tuethon, vide note 12, pur, vide note 63. 
 
 78 Oochee corruption of oonchee. 
 
14 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 What is your name ? 
 Where do you live ? 
 Give my compliments to 
 
 your master. 
 Do you know that man ? 
 
 Ask him what he wants. 
 
 Tell him to go away and 
 call to-morrow morning. 
 
 When he 
 know. 
 
 comes let me 
 
 What do you 
 Punjabee ? 
 
 call this in 
 
 Is it a fair day ? 
 No, Sir, it is cloudy. 
 
 It rains. 
 
 See if it be clearing up. 
 
 Tera kee nao hue ? 
 Too kit he renda hue*? 
 Sade^^ sulaam upne sahib 
 
 noon kurnee. 
 Too os^'^ admee noon janda 
 _hue^ 
 
 O noon pooch, ki too kee 
 __ chahna hue. 
 O noon ak,ho ki hoone too 
 
 chulya ja, bhulke phir 
 
 ana. 
 Judon oho awe, tan odon®' 
 
 sa noon^^ khubur kurnee. 
 E da Punjabee vich too see 
 
 kee nao suddeo. 
 Enoon Punjabee vich kee 
 
 akliea^ 
 Uj din nitrya hoya *? 
 Naheen, sahib, j,hur hue. 
 Nuheen, sahib, badul hue. 
 Nuheen, sahib, goobar hue 
 Meehee wurda hue. 
 Wurkha hoondee hue. 
 Kunneean^^ puendee hue. 
 Jhurse lugee hue. 
 Bhooar puendee hue. 
 Shurata lutt ha hue. 
 Dekho budul pata hue. 
 Dekho kithon^* niturya 
 
 hue? 
 ^ Dek ho kidhon paseeon oo- 
 
 ch,ha hoya hue. 
 Dekho kid.huron nimbul 
 
 hoya hue ? 
 
 79 Sdde vide note 56. 
 
 ^^ Os instead oos that. 
 
 8' Odon corresponding ooswuqt, then, at that time, 
 
 8* Sa noon vide note 37. 
 
 8^ Kunneean puendee huin, literally "drops falling are 
 
 8* Kithon, corresponding with kuheensc from any place! 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 15 
 
 It is about 
 little. 
 
 clearing 
 
 Is my bed made ? 
 
 I have not yet made it. 
 
 Brush the curtains well, 
 that no musquitoes may<; 
 remain. 
 
 Wake me 
 morning. 
 
 early 
 
 m 
 
 Light the lamp. 
 
 Blow out the lamp. 
 
 Shut the door. 
 
 Move a little to the right 
 
 Thora tliora niturya hue. 
 Kooch nima nima pata hue. 
 up a , Kooch t,hora thora nimbul 
 I hoya. 
 
 Kooch nima nima jhur 
 L pata hue. 
 
 r Sada vichouna kusya hue ? 
 I Sada vichouna budjia hue ? 
 fHoone nuheen. 
 < Kusya hoone nuheen bu- 
 L dha. 
 Boog uchhoon jharo ki 
 
 much hur na awe. 
 Boog bunake jharo ki jis 
 
 men gootlee na ruhe. 
 Boog bunake p hundo, kis 
 L jis men reanee na lure. 
 ^Sa noon suvere jugana. 
 Sa noon musojure jugana. 
 Mue noon umrut vele jug- 
 the ana ? 
 
 Mue noon din dee tik,kee 
 
 nal jugana. 
 Mue 
 ana. 
 TDeewah balo. 
 J „ kuro. 
 ^ 1 ,, jirgao. 
 (^ „ dumo. 
 C Deewah wuda kuro. 
 J „ t hunda kuro. 
 j „ gool kuro. 
 (^ „ booja deo. 
 
 {Booha mar deo. 
 Durwaju dho deo. 
 Tuk hte dho deo. 
 Kooch ,h t.hora t.hora suj he 
 
 < 
 
 noon chulange jug- 
 
 hut h"^ jana. 
 
 85 Hutjh corruption of hath hand. 
 
16 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Move a few steps to the 
 
 left. 
 Fall back a step or two. 
 
 The enemy are about re- 
 treating. 
 
 O, soldier, you said that the 
 men would come to-mor- 
 row. 
 
 Who told you this ? 
 
 Their men said they would 
 come in the morning. 
 
 The thing which you sent 
 I showed him, and repre- 
 sented what you told me. 
 
 Ask the cook whether he 
 hath prepared breakfast 
 or not ? 
 
 Well, bookbinder, I told you 
 yesterday to bring me a 
 book to-morrow, you 
 have not brought it, and 
 I have through your neg- 
 lect been interrupted. 
 
 I told him yesterday to go 
 to a certain gardener and 
 bring me a few rose trees. 
 
 Do tun*^® kurma qubbe hut h 
 tooro. 
 
 Do tun kurma pichhul 
 kooree huto. 
 
 Vyree bhujun luge, doosh- 
 mun hutun luge. 
 
 Sipahee, too akheea sa ki 
 o munook h b hulke awen- 
 ge. 
 
 Tue noon kis ne eh gul 
 
 _ akhee hue ? 
 
 Ona*' de admee ne akheea 
 see, ki oho chulange 
 aonge. 
 
 Jeree^' cheez too san^'' ghul 
 dittee^*" see, oho muen, 
 ona noon wukhal dittee 
 hor jeree gul too san 
 mue noon ak hee see, oho 
 muen ona noon ak h dit- 
 tee. 
 
 Langree noon poocho ki 
 too shah vela teear keeta^^ 
 hue ki nuheen '^ 
 
 E jiltgur/^' ussan,'^ tue noon 
 akheea see ki too bhulke 
 kitab leonee, so too nu- 
 heen leaya,ise kurke sada 
 kum vuran hoy a hue. 
 
 Kul muen o noon akheea 
 see, ki fulane baghwan 
 pas jake thora goolab 
 
 3^ Tun instead of teen, three. 
 
 ^^ Ona corresponding with oon, their. 
 
 ^^ Jeree corresponds with the relative pronoun Jo, that, which. 
 
 ^^ Toosan, and too see are used indiscriminately in Punjabee, vide note 27. 
 
 Dittee the past tense of dena, to give ; this is an irregular preterite. 
 
 Keeta, this is also an irregular preterite, from hurna, to make. 
 '' Jiltgur, corruption of jildgur. 
 '^ Ussan and ussee the same. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 17 
 
 he did not go, what does 
 he care about my orders ? 
 
 mung ke leao, o nuheen 
 gya, tan mere hookm dee 
 onoon kee lor hue ? 
 
 A chairman or a palJcee 
 bearer. 
 
 Come, chairman, in whose 
 service are you, and when 
 did you arrive in CaU 
 cutta ? 
 
 How many other chairmen 
 are with you ? 
 
 Are they all your country- 
 men, or your relations ? 
 
 What tribe of chairmen is 
 there, who make more 
 money than the rest ? 
 
 What do you do with each 
 month's earnings ? 
 
 Do you preserve it, as a 
 stock by you, or remit 
 it every month to your 
 home ? 
 
 With us, why do you term 
 yourselves Buehra (or 
 Bearer) ? 
 
 What ! has no one yet told 
 you that Bearer is in our 
 tongue a very low word, 
 like slave, or drudge ? 
 
 And do you not know that 
 Buehra means a deaf 
 man. 
 
 Well now walk off. 
 
 Kiiharan our palkee da ver- 
 war. 
 
 He kuhara, too kere sahib 
 kol renda hue, hor ku- 
 don too Kulkutt6on aya 
 hue? 
 
 Tere nal ketne kuhar reur 
 
 _de hun ? 
 
 U sube admee twade des 
 d6 huen, ki twade sak ? 
 
 Kere^* kere jat de muehre 
 huen, ki hor na j heeoran 
 thon, buhoote roopuee 
 k hut h de huen ? 
 
 Ek ek muheene dee k hu- 
 thee too see kee kurde 
 ho? 
 
 Too upne kolo, khuthee 
 poonjee kurke ruk,hda 
 hue, ki ghur noon gjiul 
 den da hue ? 
 
 Sade kol too see upne ap 
 '^ buehra," keon ook- 
 wounde ho ? 
 
 Uje teek^^ kisee ne tooha 
 noon nuheen akheea ki 
 Buehra sadee bolee vich 
 kumeen noon ak,heeda 
 hue? 
 
 Hor too see nuheen jande 
 ki, Buehra os noon ak hee 
 da hue, ki jera bola hoon- 
 da hue ? 
 
 Hoone chuleea jao. 
 
 9* Ker^ here corresponding with his kis, who, which ? 
 '5 Teek, vide note 62. 
 
18 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 A Butler or Steward, 
 
 Pray what is your name ? 
 Let me know also your 
 master's name ? 
 
 How long have you been 
 in that gentleman's ser- 
 vice ? 
 
 Where is your native coun- 
 try, and how far may it 
 be hence ? 
 
 Do people in general go 
 there by land or water ? 
 
 What is the most import- 
 ant article of trade in 
 that country, and what 
 things are produced in 
 greatest abundance there? 
 
 Are your parents alive, and 
 do you ever go to see 
 them? 
 
 Do you know at what rate 
 copper sells in the bazar? 
 
 What cannot you even say 
 that one penny's worth 
 of copper will be the 
 weight of a penny or 
 not ? 
 
 Do you know at what rate 
 
 Gudweee^^ da verwar. 
 
 Soon tera kee nao hor upne 
 sahib da nao dus ? 
 
 Ketnean dinan ton, sahib 
 dee noukuree kurda hue? 
 
 Tera des kera hue, hor 
 uet hon^' kitnee door hue ? 
 
 Lok uksur othe^^ sookhe 
 raha jande hun, ki panee 
 than nee jande hun ? 
 
 Buhootee buhootee cheez 
 OS des vich kee kee hoon- 
 deo hue, hor keree keree 
 cheez dee buhootee pue- 
 daish hoondee hue ? 
 
 Tere ma pe^^ jee5n de huen 
 hor too upne prawan 
 noonmilun waste kudhee 
 janda hue ? 
 
 Tue noon kooch Uiubur 
 hue ki tama^^^ bazar vich 
 kee bhao vikda'"* hue P 
 
 Kee too itnee gul ne akh 
 sukda ki puese da tama 
 puesa bhur howegajan 
 nuheen ? 
 
 Inan^^^ dinan vich too jan- 
 
 96 Guddweee, so denominated because the vessel called a gudxca is 
 usually in his hand. 
 
 ^7 USthon corresponding with eehanse, hence, from this. 
 
 9« the vide note 10. 
 
 99 Ma pe from ma, mother, and p6o, father, corresponding with ma 
 hah in Hindoostanee. 
 
 '^^ Tama, corruption from tamha, copper. 
 
 *°' Vihda. It has been before noticed in note 16 that V, B, and W. are 
 used indiscriminately, so mkda or hikda, da being the present termination 
 instead of ta, as mentioned in note 17. 
 
 '"' Inan dinan, vide note 35. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 19 
 
 now-a-days a quart of 
 milk sells in the city 
 and in the country for 
 how much ? 
 You may now depart. 
 
 da hue, ki ser dood'*'^ ketne 
 noon vikda hue, shuhur 
 vich hor ketne noon vik- 
 da hue biihur ? 
 Bus, hoon too ja. 
 
 SjjeaJclng, 
 
 Do you speak our lan- 
 guage ? 
 
 Yes I can speak a little 
 Punjabee. 
 
 I have not yet learned to 
 speak your language. 
 
 The Punjabee is spoken 
 all over this country, and 
 will be very useful to you. 
 
 I shall learn to speak Pun- 
 jabee as soon as possible. 
 
 Do not speak to me until 
 I experience a difficulty. 
 
 I heard him speaking to 
 his brother. 
 
 Had I all along spoken 
 Punjabee since I arriv- 
 ed in the country, I 
 
 Gul hat da verwar. 
 
 Too see sadee bolee bolde 
 ho? 
 
 Aho'*^* kooch usse Punja- 
 bee bolde hun. 
 
 Muen uje*"^ teek^^Ueree bo- 
 lee akhun*"' nuheen si- 
 kheea.''«« 
 
 Es'**^ des sare vich Punja- 
 bee bolde huen,hor twade 
 kum buhoot awegee. 
 
 Jetnee chetee howe otne"° 
 shitabee Punjabee ak- 
 hure sikhange. 
 
 Jud teek kooch oukhee 
 muloom"* ne hoondee, 
 otne cher too sa noon^'* 
 na dusna. 
 
 Muen OS noon kooch upne 
 prao noon akhda soo- 
 neea. 
 
 Judon"* da es des vich aya 
 ban odon"* da Punjabee 
 bolda tan hoon kooch 
 
 '0=^ Bcod, vide note 42. 
 
 ^^^ Aho corresponding with Aan, hide jee, yes. 
 
 '^^ Uje instead of ajhee, to this very day. 
 
 '°' Teek vide note 62. 
 
 i"'^ Akhun, vide note 46. 
 
 ^°^ Sikheea, instead of seekha, learnt. 
 
 ^'' Es, vide note 3. 
 
 "" Otne, the correlative pronoun corresponding with Una, 80 much. 
 
 ^^^ Muloom, instead of maloom. 
 
 "* Sd noon, vide note 37. 
 
 "^ Judon corresponding with juh s6, and 
 
 '** Odon with tud se. 
 
£0 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 should now have been at 
 no loss. 
 
 ouk hee na hoondee. 
 
 f Bhula^"^ je mera prao muen 
 ton wudda hue pur muen 
 tan os'*® nalon Punjabee 
 
 speak Punjabee better j ^^ . 
 
 than my brother, though<;3jf^^ ^ ^,^. 
 
 he IS older than me. 
 
 Do I really speak well ? 
 
 nalon 
 
 hue tan bee ode 
 
 muen Punjabee 
 
 He spoke to me 
 your business. 
 
 about 
 
 They do not speak to each 
 
 other now-a-days. 
 He never will speak to 
 
 you again. 
 What do you say ? 
 I was not speaking to you. 
 
 Can you tell me where he 
 
 lives ? 
 Tell me the name of this 
 
 in your language. 
 
 prao mere 
 
 wuda 
 
 nalon 
 
 buhootjanda han. 
 Kya muen suchee michee"' 
 
 ehunge akhdan han ? 
 Os ne twade kum dee*'® 
 
 leee mue noon akheea 
 
 see."® 
 tJenan dinan vicho dowe*^® 
 ^ nuheen bolde. 
 O tere nal phir kud hee na 
 
 bolega. 
 
 Too kee ak hda hue ? 
 Muen tue noon kooch nu- 
 heen akheea. 
 Too dus sukda hue ki oh5 
 
 kit he''* r6nda*'' hue?, 
 Too upnee juwan*^^ vich 
 _ eda*'* nao dus. 
 Say nothing to any body of Os pot hee dee bat, jo tue 
 my speaking to you about noon muen ak hee see, so 
 that book. kisee noon nu du«nee. 
 
 *'5 Bhulaje ; in Punjabee Vgurchi, if, Is never used, l)ut always either 
 hhulajee or jet ha, if, although^ 
 
 "® Os instead of oos. 
 
 "7 Michee is a mere redundancy, as rotee otee in Hindoostani. 
 
 '^8 Dee h'ee instead of he liye, for the sake of. 
 
 '^^ See, sa would appear more grammatical, but in some parts of the 
 Punjab see is invariably used, whili^t in others sa is preferred. 
 
 *^^ Dow?6f instead of dono, both. 
 
 »'» Kit he, vide note 23. 
 
 "'^ B^nda is always used for ruhta, as in Hindoostani. 
 
 ''•'' Juwan. It has been before noticed that j is always used instead of JSf 
 and that the letters B, V, and W, are used indiscriminately, hence juwan 
 instead of zuhan, speech, language. 
 
 '^* £Jda instead oiiska. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 21 
 
 They speak English among 
 themselves, and Punja- 
 bee with us. 
 
 Some people say he will 
 arrive to-morrow, but 
 others insist that he ar- 
 rived yesterday. 
 
 He would not tell me which 
 of the two was yester- 
 day's or to-morrow's les- 
 son. 
 
 Who says that this paper 
 is white when I affirm 
 that it is as black as 
 night ? 
 
 Bid him come here. 
 
 Your servant does not mind 
 what you say to him. 
 
 Tell him he is a great 
 rogue, and is always tell- 
 ing his master lies. 
 
 You dare not say so to a 
 Soldier. 
 
 May I speak to your fa- 
 ther. 
 
 Could I speak Punjabee I 
 would with pleasure, but 
 
 Oho ap vich dee Ungrejee 
 bolde huen, pur sade nal 
 Punjabee bolde hun. 
 
 Baje baje munookh akhde 
 huen, ki oho bhulke'*^ 
 pochoogoo ^^^ pur hor ad- 
 mee jidkurke akdi hun 
 
 _ki oho, kulhee pota hue. 
 
 Odee murjee nuheen see, 
 ki sa noon akhe, ki ujda 
 hor bhuluk da, slok kera 
 kera hue. 
 
 Kera akhda, ki eh ka- 
 ghut'^^ chitta hue, judon 
 muen akhdan han, ki o 
 kag hut rat wurga,^^^ kala 
 
 _ hue. 
 
 O noon ak ho ki ooran awe 
 (or oore awe.) 
 
 Jo too upne tueleee noon 
 ak,hda hue, so oho nu- 
 
 _ been munda. 
 
 O noon ak,ho ki too kurur- 
 ree budjat hue, hor up- 
 ne malik pas, humeshan 
 jooth bolda hue. 
 
 Tera uedur muqdoor nu- 
 heen ki uesee bat kisee 
 sipahee noon akhe. 
 
 Je *^®akho tan muen tere 
 peo noon akhan.'^^ 
 
 Jet ha muen Punjabee bol 
 hungda'^* tan, buhoot ra* 
 
 '^^ Bhulke in Hindoostani kul is used to express to-morrow, BJiulH is 
 more commonly applied in Punjabee. 
 
 *^® Pochoogoo instead oi puhoncMga. 
 
 '^7 Kaghut corruption of kaghuz. 
 
 ''« Wurgay corresponding with the Hindoostani adjunct of similitude 
 sa, like. 
 
 "^^ Je, corresponding with the relative jo, and tan with the correlative so. 
 
 "0 Ak^han corresponding with holoon, may I speak. 
 
 '^' Hungda corresponds with suk da, and both words are used indiscrimi- 
 nately. 
 
22 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 alas ! I cannot join two 
 sentences together in 
 that tongue. 
 
 You might speak it in a 
 few months, and should 
 always speak it with 
 every body who is able 
 to tell you how to speak. 
 
 What did he say when you 
 told him to remain until 
 you returned ? 
 
 He said he had business 
 and could not possibly 
 remain. 
 
 Did you ask him of what 
 nature the business was ? 
 
 Yes, I did, but he said it 
 was a secret which he 
 could not possibly men- 
 tion. 
 
 What do you say to this 
 business ? Have you any 
 objection to it ? 
 
 No, I cannot say that I 
 have, but I think it might 
 have been managed 
 otherwise. 
 
 How do you really think 
 so? What do you think 
 wrong ? 
 
 jee hoke, bolda, pur hum- 
 sos hue, ki os bolee vich 
 da joomle nuheen jor 
 janda. 
 
 Too see thorean muheene- 
 an vich bol hungoge hor 
 loree da hue, ki june'^^ 
 khune, nal bolya kuro, 
 ki j era tooha noon uchhee 
 turan bolne dusega. 
 
 Judon too akhya see ki 
 too ethe krota ruho, ju- 
 don teek muen na awan- 
 ge tan osne kee ootur 
 
 _ ditta ? 
 
 Os ne ues turan juwab ditta 
 ki mue noon la juroor 
 kum hue soreh^^^ nuheen 
 hungda. 
 
 Too onoon pochya see ki 
 tue noon Ids turan da 
 kum heee ? 
 
 Han jee muen poochya see, 
 pur OS ne akhya ki eh 
 gul looq dee hue so ja- 
 hir naheen kur hungda. 
 
 Es kane vich too kee akh- 
 da hue tue noon kooch 
 is gul vich, kooch oojr 
 hue ^ 
 
 Nuheen, jee, oojr tan ko'ee 
 nuheen pur meree sum- 
 aj h undur, hor us' ^* turan 
 uchhee hoondee hue. 
 
 Kee too such ehe suwuj h 
 da hue, tue noon es vich 
 kee mara dis da hue ? 
 
 "* June hhund corresponding with Awr hisee. 
 
 '='3 T^e^from ruh, remain. 
 
 "* Eorus is used instead of hor, wliich, our, other. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 23 
 
 Tell him to come here as 
 I wish to speak to him. 
 
 He says he will not come. 
 
 What, does the fellow say 
 he will not come to 
 speak to me when I de- 
 sire him ? 
 
 Tell him if he does not 
 come immediately to 
 speak to me that I will 
 dismiss him. 
 
 He says that is what he 
 wishes. 
 
 Well I will not speak to 
 him, as I might get an- 
 gry and beat him^ but 
 give him his wages and 
 dismiss him. 
 
 I am sure that your speak- 
 ing a word would effect 
 what I wish. 
 
 I would not for the world 
 that you should say a 
 word to him on the sub- 
 ject. 
 
 Open your mouth and 
 speak distinctly and 
 loudly. 
 
 Remember that you have 
 sworn to speak the truth, 
 the whole truth, and no- 
 thing but the truth. 
 
 Os noon ak ho, ki oore awe 
 ise waste, ki o noon kooch 
 
 _ ak hna. 
 
 O anda hue ki muen nu- 
 heen ounda. 
 
 Kee oho kungal eho anda 
 hue, ki odas udya hoy a, 
 muen nuheen ounda ? 
 
 Os noon akho ki jetha 
 sade nal gulan kurun na 
 awega, tan muen o noon 
 juwab deanga. 
 
 O ak hda'^^ hue, eho muen 
 chahnda^^^ han. 
 
 Uchha muen os noon na 
 sudanga*^"^ ise waste sha- 
 yud krodhwan poke 
 noon kootoonga, pur os 
 noon tulub deke kudji 
 deo. 
 
 Mue noon jukeen hue ki 
 jera mera kum hue, so 
 ap dee ek gul nal hoonda 
 hoya. 
 
 Jetha too see mue noon sa- 
 ree doonya de oge tan 
 bee muen nuheen cha- 
 hunda ki eh^ gul os noon 
 akhan. 
 
 Upna moonh oogar ke, hor 
 ek gul joodee thurake 
 ooche saree akho. 
 
 Chet rukh ki too soun 
 khadee hue, ki muen 
 such akhoon, our subo 
 such, akhan, hor bina 
 such, hor kooch, na ak.h- 
 oonga. 
 
 '^^ Ah Ma, says, corresponding witli holta. 
 
 '•■'* Chahndd instead of chahta. 
 
 '" Sudanga^ will call, instead of hoola oonga. 
 
24 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Are you aware of the guilt 
 incurred by him who de- 
 liberately utters a false- 
 hood. 
 
 I speak candidly what I 
 think, without fraud or 
 mental reservation. 
 
 Let your first endeavour be 
 to speak correctly ; readi- 
 ness and fluency are ac- 
 quired by practice. 
 
 In that part of the country 
 they speak an elegant 
 dialect. 
 
 It is said he told the whole 
 story two days ago. 
 
 Should you meet him to- 
 day do not tell him what 
 you have just heard. 
 
 I did meet him, but, accord- 
 ing to your desire, did 
 not inform him. 
 
 How much I regret not 
 being able to understand 
 what they are saying in 
 Punjabee. 
 
 Knowing that I had a smat- 
 tering of Persian they 
 purposely began to con- 
 verse in Punjabee. 
 
 They would know him to 
 be a foreigner though he 
 
 Jera admee sounkha ke 
 j booth bole, so oda jera 
 goonah hue, too janda 
 hue? 
 
 Jo muen janda ban, so bina 
 chhulhorbinalook ak hda 
 ban. 
 
 Mun vich dyeea ruk ho ki 
 puel puelhan, tjieek bu 
 t heek bolna, chetee che- 
 tee nal bolna, eho mih- 
 nut nal hoonda. 
 
 Des de os pase, onan dee 
 bolee buhoot chungee 
 hue. 
 
 Lok ak hde huen, ki os ne 
 ona noon do din puelha 
 sub kuhanee akhee see. 
 
 Jet ha uj o mile, tan jeree 
 gul too san boon soonee 
 hue, so onoon na ak hnee, 
 
 O milya see, pur twade 
 akhun budle'^^ muen 
 o noon kooch nuheen 
 dusya. 
 
 Punjabee bolee vich jeree 
 gul o bolde huen, so 
 meree sumuj h vich nu- 
 heen oundee, so is 
 thon'^^ ketna hee mue 
 
 _ noon humsos hue. 
 
 (J lok janke ki muen fursee 
 t horee thoree janda ban, 
 tan oho jan booj,h ke 
 Punjabee bolee akhun 
 luge. 
 
 Bhula je oho Punjabee 
 bolee buhoot uch hee 
 
 **® Budle corresponds with hu motijib, according to. 
 '^ Tfion from, by, corresponding with se. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 25 
 
 speaks Puiijabee very 
 grammatically. 
 
 I take the liberty of inform- 
 ing you that hothing but 
 perseverance and prac- 
 tice will enable you to 
 speak with fluency. 
 
 Tell your brother imme- 
 diately upon his arrival 
 not to give them any in-^ 
 formation. 
 
 I was told last year by a 
 traveller that even there 
 Punjabee is the common 
 language. 
 
 This ought to show you 
 the advantages of attain- 
 ing a knowledge of it. 
 
 He wishes to show his 
 knowledge by speaking 
 all these languages. 
 
 I have long since told you 
 that he never will be able 
 to speak it. 
 
 I was told that the dialect 
 in that country is very 
 particular. 
 
 Nothing will enable you to 
 acquire an acquaintance 
 with the manners of the 
 people but an intimate 
 knowledge of their com- 
 mon language. 
 
 turan bolda hue, pur tan 
 bee jane da hue, ki ehe 
 purdesee hue. 
 
 Meree tuqseer buksh diho, 
 pur muen tooha noon 
 akhda han, ki bina mee- 
 nut, hor bina kar chetee 
 bolna nuheen ounda. 
 
 Too upne prao pason poch 
 da hee, os noon akji ki 
 ona noon kooch kliubur 
 nu kurnee. 
 
 Pichhle wurre vich muen 
 praonean pason soonya 
 see, ki othe bee Punja- 
 bee bolee purhee dee 
 hue. 
 
 Ise kurke janee da hue, ki 
 es de sikhun vich kitna 
 
 _ hasil hoonda hue. 
 
 O sub boleean vich bolke, 
 eho chahunda hue, ki 
 mera ilm buhoot oojagur 
 ho we. 
 
 Muen buhoot yan din an 
 thon o noon akhya see, 
 ki oho Punjabee bolee 
 kudhee na bolun si- 
 khega. 
 
 Muen OS des vich soonya 
 hue, ki OS t hanw dee bo- 
 lee buhoot uchumba hue. 
 
 Bina onnn dee bolee see- 
 khee thon, hor kisee 
 turan ona da verwar'*" na 
 jawoge. 
 
 '*° VSrwdr, corresponding with hal, uUwal, state, condition, circum- 
 stances. 
 
 / 
 
26 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 From among foreigners 
 how happy I have been 
 to be spoken to in Eng- 
 lish. 
 
 He prefers speaking to you 
 in particular, because he 
 was told you spoke Pun- 
 jabee. 
 
 He then told us that it was 
 
 not so. 
 Let me tell you he gave 
 
 me no other information. 
 
 They have the advantage 
 of speaking to them in 
 their own languge, which 
 I tell you is a very con- 
 siderable one. 
 
 Allow me to speak once 
 more to him. 
 
 Whatever may be told me 
 you shall be informed of. 
 
 Do you speak to them, and 
 tell us the result of the 
 conversation. 
 
 He speaks purposely in a 
 language with which I 
 am not acquainted. 
 
 They tell you so, but I can 
 assure you it is indeed 
 otherwise. 
 
 Tell your servant to inform 
 him, that I will cometo- 
 
 Purdeseean vich jetha 
 kooe Ungrejee bolee bole 
 mere nal tan muen kuesa 
 
 _ klioosh hoonda han. 
 
 O tan subita t hon puehla 
 chapunda hue, ki twade 
 nal gulan kure ise waste 
 ki OS ne soonya hue, ki 
 too see^Punjabee bolde 
 ho. 
 
 Tan OS ne sa noon ak hya 
 kuesa nuheen. 
 
 Muen tooha noon akhda 
 han, ki os ne sa noon hor 
 kooch khubur naheen 
 
 _ keetee. 
 
 Ona noon^" on a dee juban 
 vich bole de himmut hue, 
 ki ona nal gulan kuren, 
 so ehe thoran tan buhoot 
 hue. 
 
 Mue noon hor ek waree o 
 de nal, bolne deo. 
 
 Jo kooch mue thon ak hee 
 jawe so tooha noon soona 
 deanga. 
 
 Too see ona nal bolo hor 
 gulan da hasil sa noon dus 
 deo. 
 
 Jeree juban muen janda 
 nuheen, oho ose bolee 
 vich jan booj,h ke ak hda 
 
 _ hue. 
 
 Oho tooha noon ues turan 
 akhde hun, pur muen 
 such dusda han ki o gulo 
 horus turan dee hue. 
 
 Too see upne tueleee noon 
 akjio, ki oho os noon 
 
 Ona noon, corresponding with oonk6 or oonhen, to tliem or their. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 27 
 
 morrow when we can 
 converse upon the sub- 
 ject. 
 In that negociation with- 
 out the knowledge I had 
 of Punjabee I feared mat- 
 ters would not have suc- 
 ceeded. 
 
 He tells you to speak to 
 him in his own language. 
 
 How much you have had 
 cause to regret not being 
 able to speak in the fa- 
 miliar language of the 
 country. 
 
 Speaking to them in their 
 own language, does away 
 with all shyness, and, lay- 
 ing ceremony aside, they 
 speak more explicitly. 
 
 I was often told I could 
 never travel through In- 
 dia without a better 
 knowledge of the popu- 
 lar language. 
 
 A knowledge of Persian 
 does very well for the li- 
 terature of the Moosul- 
 mans, but to it for this 
 purpose must be added 
 a certain proficiency in 
 Arabic. 
 
 The Hindoostani not only 
 paves the way for the 
 acquisition of all Orien- 
 tal learning, but is of the 
 
 akhe, ki muen bhulke 
 awanga tan ode nal ose 
 kum vich gulan kuranga. 
 
 Muen janda han ki os kar 
 vich bina Punjabee thon 
 jeree sa noon mulooon see, 
 muen sumujhda han ki 
 kum leee kooch hasil na- 
 
 _ heen hoondee. 
 
 O ak hda hue ki toosee me- 
 re nal sadee juban vich 
 
 _ gulan kuro. 
 
 Os des dee jeere oojagur 
 bolee hue, so twa noon'** 
 na oune'*^ thon ketna 
 humsos hoonda hue. 
 
 Ona dee bolee, bolun vich, 
 ona da dur janda renda 
 hue, hor oho upnee gul 
 nidjiuruk hoke akSde 
 huen. 
 
 Muen buhoot waree soonya 
 hue, ki bina ona dee ju- 
 ban sik he thon, tan muen 
 kudhee Punjab dee suer 
 na kur sukanga, 
 
 Moosulmanan da ilm jera 
 hue, sohee hue, hor ona 
 noon, Farsee da purhna, 
 buhoot chunga hue, pur 
 kooch Urubee bee su- 
 mujh waste sikhnaloree- 
 dee hue. 
 
 Hindee juban sikhun vich 
 Hindoostan da sub ilm 
 da rusta bunda hue, hor 
 nale'** roz roz dee kar nal. 
 
 '** Twa noon, and tooha noon are synonymous terms. 
 '*3 Oune instead of the inflected infinitive dne. 
 
 1** NdU signifies cither, also. 
 
28 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 first importance in the 
 necessary affairs of ordi- 
 nary life. 
 
 They were just speaking 
 to me on the subject. 
 
 He had informed them of 
 all that was told him be- 
 fore I could prevent it. 
 
 What dialect is that man 
 speaking ? tell him to 
 speak the general lan- 
 guage of the country and 
 then he will be under- 
 stood. 
 
 The principal difficulty in 
 speaking Punjabee is the 
 peculiarity of the pro- 
 nunciation, some people 
 will tell you that it ought 
 to be spoken with a par- 
 ticular tone, but there is 
 no such thing. 
 
 They say he speaks their 
 language fluently. 
 
 Tell me when my pronun- 
 ciation of Punjabee is 
 improper. 
 
 He says he can deceive the 
 Natives in speaking Pun- 
 jabee, but experience has 
 taught us that this is sel- 
 dom possible. 
 
 buhoot kum ounda hue. 
 
 Oho hoone sa noon ose ba- 
 hut vich c^ulan akhde se. 
 
 Jeree gul o noon akhee 
 guyee see, so muethon"" 
 puehla mune kurne t hon 
 OS ne ona noon akh dit- 
 
 _ tee. 
 
 O munookh keree bolee 
 bolda hue, 6s noon akh 
 deho, ki oho es des dee 
 oojagur bolee bolke ak h 
 deo tan muen sumj han- 
 
 Punjabee sik hnevich ook h- 
 eeaee subnathon puehla 
 eho hue, ki lok gulan 
 t huraht hurah ke nuheen 
 kurde baje baje lok akh- 
 de hun, ki gulan goun 
 goun ke kurye pur ehee 
 
 _^ suchee nuheen. 
 
 O ak.hde hun ki oho inan 
 boleeannoon buhoot che- 
 tee chetee hor chungee 
 turan akhda hue. 
 
 Judon muen Punjabee gul 
 t,hurah t hurah ke nuheen 
 kurda, tan odon muen 
 
 _ noon dees deo. 
 
 O ak hda hue ki muen uisee 
 Punjabee jandahan ki 
 horna Punjabeean sub- 
 na noon b hoola dindahan 
 pur purtoun nal muloom 
 hoonda hue, ki eh gul 
 kudhee ne hone dee. 
 
 '*^ Mue tjion instead of moojk se. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES, 
 
 29 
 
 I found no one, who could 
 converse in Persian, 
 therefore was obliged to 
 employ my Munshee, who 
 I fear often takes advan- 
 tage of my ignorance of 
 Punjabee. 
 
 In speaking Punjabee our 
 general fault is in not 
 pronouncing each indivi- 
 dual letter fully. 
 
 I have often told them that 
 in all the Courts Punja- 
 bee is the familiar lan- 
 guage. 
 
 1 shall always be at the mer- 
 cy of my own Secretary, 
 against whom, when some 
 one with reason com- 
 plains in that very ton- 
 gue. 
 
 He tells me one story and 
 you tell me another. 
 
 Would to God, I could 
 speak to them myself 
 
 Had I been able to tell 
 them myself, such a mis- 
 take could not have hap- 
 pened. 
 
 I have always found it more 
 easy to manage Punja- 
 bees by speaking to them 
 
 Muen noon uesa admee koee 
 na lubha ki jera mere 
 nal Farsee gulan kure, 
 isee turan tunghoke upne 
 Moonshee nal kum lorda 
 han, muen durda hati, ki 
 meree Punjabee dee na 
 waqibee hone t hon, up- 
 nee himmut pake, mue 
 noon upne qaboo kurda 
 hue. 
 
 Punjabee bolun dee feusur 
 6h hue, ki ussee thurali 
 thurah ke hor ulug ulug 
 gulan nuheen kur sukde. 
 
 Muen buhoot waree ona 
 noon sumjhaya hue, ki 
 subna durbaran vich 
 Punjabee oojagur hue. 
 
 Judon ose juban vich, koee 
 wajibee furyad kurda hue 
 tan meree be waqibee 
 vekh ke, sada Moonshee 
 humeshan mere oothe 
 
 _ qaboo kursukda hue. 
 
 Oho sa noon kisee turan 
 akhda hue, hor too horus 
 turan ak hda hue. 
 
 Bhugwandee diya nal muen 
 ap bol sukda han. 
 
 Jet ha muen ona noon 
 apakh hungda tan 
 uedee'^^ bhool na pyn- 
 dee.'*' 
 
 Muen humeshu vekhda 
 han ki Punjabeean nal 
 Punjabee boleebolye tan 
 
 ^*^ Uedee Instead of uesee, such. 
 
 *^' Pyndee, optative tense 3rd person singular feminine, happened. 
 
30 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 in their 
 
 than any other. 
 
 own language 
 
 A man who cannot speak 
 the language of the peo- 
 ple among whom he so- 
 journs, may sometimes 
 be in danger of starving, 
 unless he first know how 
 to use his tongue. 
 
 Very true, and I perceive 
 that you have therefore 
 commenced by making 
 me open my mouth. 
 
 Why not to some purpose 
 as a rational being, when 
 you must at all events 
 do so as a mere animal, 
 before you can either eat 
 or drink ? 
 
 kum uchha sour janda 
 hue, hor je horus turan 
 dee bolee bolye tan kum 
 kooch ne hoonda. 
 Jera munookh jinan'*^ de 
 nnl renda hue, jet ha oho 
 ona dee bolee naheen 
 bol janda, tan oho kisee 
 na kisee din bhookha 
 jan tyahya mur jaega. 
 
 Ehe buhoot such hue, hor 
 muen janda han ki isee 
 kurke mera moonh k ho- 
 lun'^^ noon, too sau mood 
 bud ha hue. 
 
 Kyoon na moonh oogar 
 oge upne kum dee leee 
 khilqut noon juesa cha- 
 hiya, jetha pussoo hoon- 
 da hue, tan bee khan 
 peeun waste moonh os 
 noon kholya chahiye. 
 
 Questions selected, with many additions, from 
 THE Student's Guide to Hindoostani. 
 
 How long have you been 
 in the service ? 
 
 What pay have you re- 
 ceived ? 
 
 Are you under stoppages 
 for Half Mounting ? 
 
 Are the men provided with 
 great coats ? 
 
 Too kudhon da noukur 
 hue hor too kere wurre 
 vich b hurtee hoya hue ? 
 
 Too kee tulub pace hue ? 
 
 Burdee^*^ dee babut vich, 
 twadee tulub kooch kut 
 dee hue ? 
 
 Subna sipaheean kol buran 
 coat jan choga huen ? 
 
 '*' Jinan instead of jinkS. 
 
 '*' Kholuny un is the infinitive termination. 
 
 **o Burdce, corruption of the word wurdee, used in Iliudoostani. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 31 
 
 How long have you been 
 at Drill? 
 
 Has he received either 
 White Jackets, Fatigue 
 Pantaloons, Breast plate. 
 Knapsack, Great Coat 
 and Shoes ? 
 
 Have the Recruits been 
 sworn in, and have the 
 Articles of War been 
 read to them ? 
 
 They have sworn to be 
 faithful, and never to de- 
 sert their colors. 
 
 Are they perfect in their 
 Drill ? 
 
 Are they perfect in the 
 English terms applied 
 to Rounds and Grand 
 Rounds at night ? 
 
 Do they well understand 
 the duty of sentry, and has 
 section 20 of Standing 
 Orders been read and ex- 
 plained to them ? 
 
 Do they know the danger 
 they expose a Camp to 
 by leaving or falling 
 asleep on their posts ? 
 
 Did you receive a Coat or 
 Pantaloons last year ? 
 
 Too ketnean dinan da qu- 
 
 _ waid sik.hda hue ? 
 
 On kooch burdee bee pace 
 hue,juesee chittee Koor- 
 tee, ki neelee Putteloon, 
 ki Chupras, Jhola, jan 
 buran Coat, Jan joota. 
 
 Nuwean sipaheea noon ni- 
 shan de heth soun dittee 
 gyee hue, hor fouj dee 
 een bee kooch khoobee 
 
 _ nal soonayee gyee huen. 
 
 O nane soun khade huen, 
 ki ussee upne nishan 
 noon kudhe na chhu- 
 
 _ dange. 
 
 O quwaid vich tukre hun ? 
 
 Jereean gulan Ungrejee 
 round vich rat noon bo- 
 lyan jandyan, huen so 
 ona noon jade hun ? 
 
 Jerakum pyhre wale noon 
 loree da hue, os kum de 
 wuqib huen, hor jera je- 
 ra hookm Urdus dee vee- 
 ween '" babut vich li- 
 khya hue, so ona noon 
 soona ditta hue ? 
 
 Jera jera dur suntry ghafil 
 hone thon sare kumpoo 
 noon hoonda hue, jeha 
 soun t hon jan pyhre dee 
 jaguh chhudun thon o- 
 bee ona noon muloom 
 hue? 
 
 Pichhle wurre tooKoortee 
 leee see ki Putteloon ? 
 
 '5' Veeween for Beesween. 
 
32 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Has the recruiting party 
 returned ? 
 
 In what district are the 
 best recruits procurable? 
 
 He states that the man 
 who presented himself 
 for service this morning 
 is his brother. 
 
 Who is security for the re- 
 cruit entertained yester 
 day ? 
 
 What sum is authorized to 
 to be deducted from the 
 pay of a recruit on ac- 
 count of Half Mounting. 
 
 Where are the best beads 
 for necklaces for the men 
 procurable ? 
 
 How many beads are re- 
 quired for each row or 
 string ? 
 
 How long are the Recruits 
 at Drill every morning ? 
 
 When will they be able to 
 join the ranks ? 
 
 Do the Non Commissioned 
 Officers see that the re- 
 cruits are in the first ins- 
 tance instructed how to 
 put on their accoutre- 
 ments ? 
 
 Jere lok bhurtee kurun 
 gye sun,'^^ so p^hir moor- 
 ke aye hun ? 
 
 Subna nalon chunge nuw^e 
 noukur kere illaqe vich 
 
 _ hut h ounde hun ? 
 
 O akjida hue, ki jeramun- 
 ookh suvere noukuree 
 waste ay a see, oho mera 
 prao hue. 
 
 Jera nuwa noukur kul 
 bhurtee hoya see oda 
 jamun'^^ koun hue ? 
 
 Nuwean noukuran dee tu- 
 lub vichon vurdee ba- 
 but ketnee tulub kutee 
 jandee hue ? 
 
 Sipaheean waste subna t h(5n 
 chunge kunthe de mun- 
 ke kit he de milde huen ? 
 
 Ek ek luree vich ketne 
 munke pynde huen ? 
 
 Roz roz suwera nuwe nou- 
 kur ketna cheer Parate 
 vich hajir rende hun ? 
 
 Kudon ko, sikhke purtul 
 nal rul jaenge ? 
 
 Jodon nuwean sipaheea 
 noon vurdee de kupre 
 pounde hun, tan chhote 
 ooch de dar ona noon 
 pounda'^* chuj sikhalde 
 hun ? 
 
 '*' Sun and hun, or huen, are used indiscriminately. 
 
 '*^ Jamun, corruption of Zaniin. 
 
 *** Poundd chuj instead of puhinne ka dustoor. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 33 
 
 Section II. 
 
 Questions relating to men 
 joining on Furlough, 
 
 Have you been on Fur- 
 lough since you entered 
 the service ? 
 
 Whose turn is it for Fur- 
 lough this year ? 
 
 In what district is your 
 house, and do you pro- 
 ceed thither alone or in 
 company ? 
 
 Has the order been explain- 
 ed having reference to 
 the penalty incurred by 
 men overstaying their 
 leave without sufficient 
 grounds ? 
 
 Have the men been cau- 
 tioned to be on their 
 guard against thieves on 
 the road ? 
 
 Though the country is 
 much infested with rob- 
 bers, he said he was un- 
 der no apprehension, and 
 would return home alone. 
 
 Have the men been warned 
 that in the event of sick- 
 ness they are to obtain 
 certificates from the Com- 
 manding Officer of the 
 Station at which they 
 were taken ill, certifying 
 that sickness had been the 
 cause of their detention. 
 
 Chootee da Verwar, 
 
 Judon da too noukur hdya 
 odon da kudde chootee 
 bee gya hue ? 
 
 Ues vurre vich chootee 
 waste kere kere sipahee 
 dee varee hue ? 
 
 Tera ghur kere illaqe vich 
 hue too othe ukula jan- 
 da hue ki kisee de nal ? 
 
 Jeree suza ona sipaheea noon 
 dittee jandee hue ki up- 
 nee chootee de tukrar 
 oote ne ounde purtulvich 
 ohookmona noon sickh- 
 alya gya. 
 
 Sipaheea noon sikhal ditta 
 hue ki rah vich raheean 
 nal gulan latan na kurya 
 kuren ? 
 
 Jetha es des vich chor d ha- 
 rawee buhoot renda bun, 
 pur tan bee, o ak hda hue 
 ki bina dur ho bhou, 
 muen ukula ghur noon 
 janda ban. 
 
 Sipaheea noon sik hal ditta 
 hue ki jet ha kit he rah 
 vichberam ho jawen, tan 
 OS thanw de jo buhoot 
 nire wala hue jake, os ju- 
 geh de commaneer sahib 
 t hon chittee lewen ki jis 
 men oda rog, ruhun da 
 muloom howega. 
 g 
 
34 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Have the men been cau- 
 tioned against remaining 
 so long at their homes as 
 to compel them to make 
 forced marches so as to 
 reach their Corps in time? 
 
 Sipaheea noon sikhal ditta 
 hue ki upne upne ghur 
 uetune din na rehen, ki 
 jis men upne tukrar oote 
 ponchun waste wudee- 
 an'^* wudeean, munjilan 
 kurnyan pyengyan. 
 
 Section III. 
 Regarding Disturhances, 
 
 What disturbance took 
 place in the Lines last 
 night ? 
 
 Did you proceed to the spot 
 and use your best endea- 
 vours to quell it ? 
 
 Where there many engaged 
 in the affray ? 
 
 Had any of the men clubs 
 or weapons of any kind ? 
 
 Was the sentry at his post, 
 and did he give the alarm ? 
 
 How far was his post from 
 the spot where the dis- 
 turbance took place ? 
 
 Could any one have passed 
 the sentry without his 
 knowledge ? 
 
 Kul rat een, line vich kee 
 roula hdya see, hor keree 
 gul oote bulla see ? 
 
 Too OS vele othe rooburoo 
 hue se, hor too upna muq- 
 door bhur roula mitoun 
 waste meenutkeetee see ? 
 
 Ukhe*^® buhoot, buhoote 
 lok roule de vich san- 
 j hee se ? 
 
 Kisee sipahee pas dang so- 
 ta, jan kisee horus turaii 
 da huthyar hue see ? 
 
 Suntry upne pyhre oote 
 hajir krota see, hor roule 
 de vele kisee noon sud- 
 kekooch akhunlugasee? 
 
 Horjithe'^' roula pyndasee 
 o jugeh pyhre thon ket- 
 nee ko door hue see ? 
 
 Bina waqibee thon suntry 
 dee jugeh pas, koee hor 
 a ja hungda^^^ hue ? 
 
 '" Wud^. instead of Jwre, vide note 16 ; wudtan icudcan munjilan hura- 
 jan pymgyan vide note 35. 
 
 '*6 Z7Ar,^e instead of kya or sometimes Jce, that. 
 '*7 JitM instead ofjuhan, where. 
 '^8 Ilungdd instead of JSiikta. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 35 
 
 Do you make a practice 
 when on duty of visiting 
 the Sentries at night, 
 and thereby ascertaining 
 whether they are alert or 
 otherwise ? 
 
 What led to the quarrel 
 between you and the Se- 
 poy who lives with you ? 
 
 Did you abuse him or give 
 any other cause or pro- 
 vocation by taunts or 
 gestures ? 
 
 How can I investigate the 
 matter if you all speak 
 at once? 
 
 Were the two Sepoys on 
 previous bad terms, and 
 how long had they been 
 so? 
 
 Enmity was known to have 
 existed between the two 
 for some time, and there 
 is also suspicion in con- 
 sequence of one having 
 deserted yesterday. 
 
 You say you heard a dis- 
 turbance ; what did you 
 hear that induced you to 
 leave your hut ? 
 
 Did you see him holding 
 the Sepoy's arm ? 
 
 Did you hear him abuse 
 
 Judon twadee noukuree 
 hoondee hue, odon too 
 suntry dee tukraee jan 
 dhilaee vekhun waste 
 rat noon janda hue ? 
 
 Jera Sipahee tere nal ren- 
 da hue, tere h5r ode 
 vich roule da, subub kee 
 hue? 
 
 Too o noon galee ditteean 
 jan oda moonh k horaya 
 jan OS noon ch her ditta ki 
 jis kurke o noon gltoossu 
 churh gya ? 
 
 Jetha too ukuthahee roula 
 pounda hue, tan ussee 
 es gul noon kis turan 
 
 _ sumj hanje ? 
 
 O dowe sipahee apus vich 
 dee vair jan shureeka 
 ketnean dinan t hon ruk h- 
 de hue sun ? 
 
 Uese turan muloom hoonda 
 hue ukhe buhootan di- 
 nan da ona vich vair hor 
 shureeka, pya hoy a see, 
 hor eh de oote eh jun 
 hue ki oho kul looq pya 
 see. 
 
 Too and a hue ki muen rou- 
 la hor jhanjha soon y a 
 uchha too kis turan da 
 jhugra soonya judon 
 g huron bahur nikulya se. 
 
 Too OS noon sipahee de 
 banhan p hureehooee dit- 
 tee see ? 
 
 Judon muen doojee'^^ bu- 
 
 Doojee instead of doosree. 
 
36 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 me when I asked for dooq^^^ munjee tan too os 
 another musket noon galee kudhda soon- 
 
 ya? 
 Did you think the prisoner Too eh janda hue ki dhuk 
 struck you intention- ne tuenoon jankemarya. 
 ally? 
 
 Section IV. 
 
 tteiating to Desertions or GJmirJiajireejdnh'inachoO' 
 Absence without Leave » tee thon janda verwar. 
 
 Was any man absent from 
 Roll-call on 
 the disturbance? 
 
 the night of 
 
 Did you report the man's 
 absence through the pre- 
 scribed channels ? 
 
 Does any one live in the 
 same hut with the pri- 
 soner ? 
 
 Did the prisoner mention 
 his intention of desert- 
 ing, or did he assign any 
 reason for so doing *? 
 
 Is he returned as deserted 
 or absent without leave ? 
 
 What number of day's pay 
 was due to him at the 
 time of his absconding ? 
 
 Have any steps been taken 
 to arrest and bring him 
 back? 
 
 Jis rat noon roula pynda 
 see, OS vele roll pookar 
 ne de vele koee sipahee 
 ghair hajir see ? 
 
 Jis turan dee Reput ghair 
 hajir hondee kuree dee 
 hue, so too ose turan 
 
 _keetee hue? 
 
 Os dhuk de pas ode ghur 
 vich hor koee rendahue ? 
 
 D huk ne kooch upne b huj 
 janda uhwal tue noon 
 soonya see, ki meree su- 
 lah bhug jandee hue, 
 jan isda uhwal kooch 
 
 __ ak.hya see ? 
 
 O kis turan da bhujya 
 likhya hoya hue bina 
 
 _ chootee, jan ghair hajir ? 
 
 O de bhugun teek ketnean 
 denan dee tulub churhee 
 
 _ hooee see ? 
 
 O dee phurun dee jan 
 hajir kurun, kooch joo- 
 gut jan tudbeer keetee 
 see? 
 
 JCo 
 
 Budooq, corruption of lundooq. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 S7 
 
 When did you first disco- 
 ver that he was a de- 
 serter ? 
 
 Did you immediately give 
 intimation to the Cap- 
 tain Commanding your 
 Company ? 
 
 Have the necessary steps 
 been taken in sending 
 him back to the Corps 
 from which he deserted ? 
 
 Did he desert prior to or 
 after his corps was or- 
 dered on service ? 
 
 On the morning of the 22nd, 
 when the Drill was di- 
 rected to assemble, was 
 the prisoner present or 
 absent ? 
 
 Has any one given infor- 
 mation to the several 
 Ferry and Policemen 
 that in the event of their 
 seeing any person an- 
 swering to the descrip- 
 tion of the deserter, they 
 are immediately to ap- 
 prehend him ? 
 
 The Sepoy had proceeded 
 as far as the Ferry, and 
 was apprehended whilst 
 crossing the river. 
 
 Did he make application 
 for leave prior to quit- 
 ting the Regiment ? 
 
 Tue noon kudon muloom 
 hoya see, ki oho bhujun 
 wala hue ? 
 
 Too ose vele upnee Com- 
 pany de Captain Sahib 
 noon khubur keetee 
 hue? 
 
 Jis purtul vichon oho 
 bhujyahue, so othe ode 
 pochoun dee tudbeer jan 
 joogut keetee gyee hue ? 
 
 Jis turak h purtul noon sir- 
 kar de kum waste kooch 
 kurunda hookm milya 
 see, OS thon pyhlan jan 
 pichhon, bhujya see ? 
 
 Baween tareekh judon 
 purtul jumoun da hookm 
 hoya see, tan qydee odon 
 hajir see, tan g hair hajir 
 see ? 
 
 Kisee ne eh khubur chou- 
 keedaran jan puthun- 
 dean darog.hean noon 
 keetee hue, ki jet ha koee 
 es soorut wala nigah awe 
 tan OS noon p hur lena. 
 
 Sipahee puttun oote pota'^* 
 see hor durya lugun luge 
 noon, p hur liya. 
 
 Purtul vichon bhugun 
 thon pyhlan chootee 
 waste, kooch urz keetee 
 see ? 
 
 *6* Pota instead of puhoncha, arrived. 
 
38 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Section V. 
 
 Ilaving reference to fire. 
 
 Have the men been cau- 
 tioned to be careful in 
 this windy weather, how 
 they remove or leave fire 
 about ? 
 
 A single spark in such 
 windy weather is suffi- 
 cient to set fire to the 
 thatch. 
 
 In whose house did the fire 
 originate, and how was it 
 occasioned ? 
 
 Plad he been more careful 
 the fire would not have 
 occurred. 
 
 Are the water-pots kept 
 constantly full, for the 
 purpose of extinguish- 
 ing fire % 
 
 Who discovered the fire ? 
 
 Did it appear that the roof 
 had purposely been set 
 fire to, by some one ? 
 
 What is the amount of in- 
 jury occasioned by the 
 fire ? 
 
 Have the whole of the 
 lines been consumed, or 
 only a few huts ? 
 
 Were any lives lost ? 
 
 Was every assistance given 
 by the men in extin- 
 guishing the flames ? 
 
 TJg lit gun dean gulan da . 
 Verwdr, 
 
 Sipaheea noon, soona ditta 
 hue, ki undhere dean 
 dinan vich, buhoot tukre 
 ruhen, ki kithe ug na 
 lug jawe ? 
 
 Uesee undheree hor paon 
 vich, ruttee chingeeare 
 nal chhupur sur janda 
 hue. 
 
 Kee de ghur hor kis turan, 
 ug lugee hue ? 
 
 Jet ha oho, hor dee tukraee 
 jan khuburdaree kurda, 
 tan ug kud he na lugdee. 
 
 Ug boojjioun w^aste panee 
 dee ghurre jan muth 
 bhure rende hun ? 
 
 Kis ne puehla ditta ki ug 
 
 lugee hue ? 
 Uesa muloom hoya ki kisee 
 
 ne jan ke chhupur noo- 
 
 nug laee hue ? 
 Ug liigun t hon ketna ke 
 
 nooshqan hoya hue ? 
 
 Ki subo line sur gyee, jan 
 ek do g hur ? 
 
 Kise jee da nooshqan hoya 
 
 hue? 
 Ug boojhoun leee subna 
 
 ne ap o upna jor lake 
 
 mihnut keetee hue ki 
 
 naheen ? 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 39 
 
 Had the sepoy in whose Jis sipahee de ghuron ug 
 hut the fire 
 permission to 
 
 originated, 
 have 
 
 lugee hue, os noon dee- 
 
 light ? 
 
 Have the men been warn- 
 ed against the practice 
 of making fire-works in 
 the lines ? 
 
 wall jan wuttee,'®^ ruk- 
 hunda, hookm milya see. 
 Sipaheea noon sik hal dit- 
 ta hue, ki ust*®^ bajee bu- 
 nounda hookm t,hon ba- 
 hur hue ? 
 
 Section VI. 
 
 Regarding men of a Com- Company de sfjyahee da 
 pany. Verwa7\ 
 
 on 
 
 Who is the sepoy first 
 the roll of your com- 
 pany ? 
 
 Is he smart and intelli- 
 gent? 
 
 Can he also read and write, 
 and what are his general 
 habits ? 
 
 On what service has he 
 been employed ? and has 
 he ever been wounded ? 
 
 For what service did you 
 obtain the medal you 
 wear on your breast P 
 
 Are you not aware that 
 length of service with- 
 
 Teree Company vich kera 
 sipahee de puehlee roll 
 
 _ hue? 
 
 O upnee noukuree chaku- 
 ree vich tukra hor k hu- 
 
 _ burdar hue ? 
 
 O kooch purun hor likhun 
 janda hue, hor o dee ry- 
 hut hor wusub, kere tu- 
 
 _ ran da hue ? 
 
 O keree keree luraee vich 
 reha hue, hor kissee tur- 
 an da jukhm o noon lu- 
 ga hue ? 
 
 Eh tuk hmu jera teree hek 
 oote lut kuda hue, so 
 tue noon keree luraee 
 
 . vich milya see, hor kis 
 kum dee babut tue noon 
 milya. 
 
 Too nuheen eho janda ki 
 bina tukraee hor soor- 
 
 *^' Wuttee or huttee, are sjnonimous terms, 
 '®' Ust hajee, corruption of atisli hajee. 
 
40 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 out qualifications will 
 not entitle you to ad- 
 vanced rank ? 
 In consideration of his 
 long and faithful ser- 
 vices he receives a pen- 
 sion from Government. 
 
 Unless he mends his con- 
 duct he can never hope 
 for advancement. 
 
 Have you any cause of 
 grievance, and if so have 
 you stated it to the Su- 
 badar of your company? 
 
 Are you not aware that 
 the practice of lending 
 money to comrades is 
 strictly forbidden ? 
 
 Has he behaved in a muti- 
 nous or disrespectful 
 manner towards his su- 
 periors ? 
 
 Has he been lately guilty 
 of insubordination in 
 any way ? 
 
 Is he in the habit of dis- 
 obeying orders and dis- 
 puting with his supe- 
 riors ? 
 
 Have you fully explained 
 to him that such con- 
 
 mut thon hoodu"^* tera 
 naheen wudeek hoonda ? 
 
 Os ne buhoota cheer 
 noukuree uchhe turuh 
 keetee hue, jose kurke, 
 oho ghur buetha noon 
 surkar on inam huth 
 ounda hue. 
 
 Jetha odee ryhut uedoon 
 uge chungee na howegee 
 tan o da hoodu kud^he na 
 wudhecra. 
 
 Tera kooch verwar furyad 
 kurne da hue, hor is thon 
 puehla upne Soobedar 
 noon kudhe urz keetee 
 see ? 
 
 Ki too eh gul nuheen jan- 
 da ki hookm thon ba- 
 hur hue, ki ap vich dee 
 sipahee roopyan da lain 
 
 __ den na kuren ? 
 
 Os ne apus thon wude 
 hoodedar nal dunga jan 
 be ubdee'^^ keetee hue? 
 
 Uj kul OS ne kisee turan 
 da hookm udoolee jan 
 
 _ be ubdee keetee hue ? 
 
 Odee wadee eho hue, ki 
 upne nalon wude oohde- 
 dar nal kisse turan dee 
 be ubdee jan roula kur- 
 da hue ? 
 
 Too subs turan'^^ onoon 
 sumj ha, hor sikhla ditta 
 
 '" Hoodu, corruption of oohdu. 
 '^■"^ B6 uhdee, corruption of uduhee. 
 "*' JSuhs turan, for sub turah. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 41 
 
 duct will render him li- 
 able to dismissal from the 
 service punishment by 
 sentence of a Court 
 Martial ? 
 
 How many men from each 
 Company have returned 
 from weekly duty "^ 
 
 Was their conduct uni- 
 formly correct during 
 the week '? 
 
 Are the men addicted to 
 eating opium? 
 
 To what Companies do the 
 two Sepoys belong who 
 w^ere detected gambling ? 
 
 How many men per Com- 
 pany have obtained leave 
 between musters ? 
 
 What number of men in 
 your Company were pre- 
 sent at muster ? 
 
 On what command was he 
 detached, and when did 
 he rejoin the regiment ? 
 
 How many men have you 
 in your Company whose 
 service is above and 
 how many below 16 
 years ? 
 
 What extra pay do men of 
 20 and 16 years respec- 
 tively obtain ? 
 
 hue, ki ues turan dee ry- 
 hut, jan wadee nal, kisse 
 nu kisse din, Counsil wa- 
 lean deroo buro lejake 
 kururee mihnut nal, is se 
 sugon,'^^ noukuree thon 
 bee juwab pawega? 
 
 Uth roje dee noukuree 
 ooton ketne sipahee com- 
 pany company pichhe 
 mor aye huen ? 
 
 Sara uth rojee onadee ry- 
 hut hor, chulun uchha 
 reha see ? 
 
 Ke sipaheean dee uksur 
 sookhajan bhung peene 
 
 _ dee wade hue ? 
 
 Oho dowe sipahee jere jooa 
 khedun budle phurle 
 huen so oho keree keree 
 Company de huen ? 
 
 Gintee teek Company vich 
 ketne ketnean sipaheea 
 noon chootee milee hue ? 
 
 Gintee vich teree Com- 
 pany de ketne ketne si- 
 pahee hajir se ? 
 
 O kere command te ghulya 
 guya see, hor kis tareekh- 
 an rulya? 
 
 Teree Company vich ket- 
 ne admee soluh vurwe- 
 an dee noukuree thon 
 oote hun, hor ketne so- 
 banthon uthon'^® hun? 
 
 Veean wurrean de hor so- 
 luh vurean de noukur 
 tulub thon ketne tulub 
 jubur pounde hun? 
 
 "' JSugon instead of smva, besides. 
 *^ Utjion corresponds with neeche. 
 
 h 
 
42 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Are the men entitled to 
 any extra batta this 
 month ? 
 
 Tell the men that the Ge- 
 neral will inspect the 
 Corps to-morrow, and to 
 uphold the character of 
 the regiment by their 
 cleanly and soldier-like 
 appearance. Tell the 
 men not to be flurried, 
 but to perform their 
 manoeuvres, as they 
 would do on any ordi- 
 nary occasion. 
 
 Tell them to wait the word 
 of command before fir- 
 ing. 
 
 This man solicits permis- 
 sion to sit down, as he 
 feels faint with the heat. 
 
 ties muheene vich sipaheea 
 noon kooch jubur tul- 
 ub milegee? 
 
 Sipaheea noon soonake si- 
 khal deo, ki bhulke jur- 
 nel sahib ake purtul dee 
 hajiree lain enge, hor is 
 turan dee khuburdaree 
 loree dee hue, ki sipahee 
 hoshiar hor chitte hor 
 sufa ruhen, ko jis turan 
 purtul da nam jus bunya 
 ruhe sipaheea noon soona 
 deo ki durke duk o dole 
 na k hawen jis turan uge 
 karkurde hun osee tur- 
 
 _ an kurun. 
 
 Ona noon akh deo ki jitna 
 cheer budook chulounda 
 hookm na mile otna 
 cheer koee na chulawe. 
 
 Eh munookh buet,hun 
 waste urz kurda hue ise 
 kurke ki ek de sir vich 
 g,her churhee hue. 
 
 Section VII. 
 
 Have you explained to him 
 that during the present 
 season no application for 
 leave of absence can be 
 attended to ? 
 
 Did you ascertain on what 
 account he solicits leave 
 of absence ? 
 
 Did he say that his lands 
 had been seized or his 
 house plundered? 
 
 Too ona noon soona ke 
 sumj ha ditta hue ki ue- 
 nan dinan vich chootee 
 dee urz koee ne soonda ? 
 
 Too kooch sumjhya hue 
 ki oho kis kum waste 
 
 _ chootee mungda hue ? 
 
 Os n6 ak hya see. ki mera 
 ghur jan jumeen khos 
 gyee hue ? 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 43 
 
 Does he merely wish a 
 petition made out, or does 
 he wish to state his griev- 
 ance in person to the 
 Magistrate ? 
 
 Let there be no altercation, 
 but inform the men that 
 three men per company 
 will be permitted to pro- 
 ceed to their homes, each 
 in his proper turn. 
 
 Not more than thirty men 
 can be absent at the same 
 time, those who reside 
 in the same village had 
 better travel together, 
 whilst those who proceed 
 alone, and live in sepa- 
 rate districts and villages, 
 are directed to take their 
 leave certificates with 
 them, and are cau- 
 tioned against keeping 
 company with strangers, 
 who often prove to be 
 thieves, and, on oppor- 
 tunity offering, rob, and 
 murder Sepoys. 
 
 The men have such a regard 
 for their homes, that they 
 are continually asking for 
 leave, and sometimes do 
 not return. 
 
 Have you explained to the 
 men that no one will ob- 
 
 O upne jhugre vich surf 
 urjee lik^houne chahun 
 da hue, ki jan ap chootee 
 leke Magistrate sahib pas 
 jaya lorda hue ? 
 
 Soono kooch roula hor 
 jjianjjia nahon deo, hor 
 akjideo ki tun tun sipa- 
 hee company vichon 
 chootee lahenge upne 
 ghur jaun waste, hor sub 
 koee apo upnee waree nal 
 jaega. 
 
 Teean munookhan thon 
 baad purtul vichon, hor 
 sipahee na jaen jere jere 
 sipahee ek se pind de 
 huen tan ona noon lor- 
 reda hue, ki ukuthe 
 jaen, hor jetan udo udee 
 tan apo upnee chungee 
 hue hurdas le jaen hor 
 ona noon sumjhaya ja- 
 we, ki rah vich opurean 
 munook han nal gul bat 
 na kureen, ke unki olog 
 thug jan dharawe uth 
 war katelee honde huen, 
 so upnee himmut jan 
 foorsut pake kho lenda 
 jan mar dinde hun. 
 
 Sipaheeloq uesasunsag hur- 
 an da kurde hun ki hu- 
 meshan'^^ chootee waste 
 urz kurde hun, hor kisee 
 kisee vele more moorde 
 nuheen. 
 
 Too sipaheea noon eh gul 
 soona dittee, ki jis kisee 
 
 Humeshan is usually preferred in Punjabee to humSshu. 
 
44 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 tain the indulgence of 
 leave of absence, who has 
 been guilty of any neg- 
 lect during the month P 
 Have you explained to him 
 fully that should he ex- 
 exceed his leave of ab- 
 sence his pay will be cut, 
 and that he will render 
 himself liable to being 
 struck off. 
 
 muheene vich, j urra"^** bee 
 kisee bat dee ghafilee 
 kurenge tan ona dee choo- 
 tee hut jaegee ? 
 Too ona noon k hoob sum- 
 j ha ditta hue ki jet ha up- 
 ne chootee de tuqrar oote 
 hajir na honge, tan os 
 muheene dee odee tulub 
 kuteejawegee hor sugon'^^ 
 oda nawan bee kutya 
 jawega. 
 
 Section VIII. 
 
 Regarding Rohhery. 
 
 When did the robbery 
 
 take place ? 
 Have you any suspicion 
 
 against any one ? 
 Did the robbery take place 
 
 whilst you were on duty ? 
 
 I saw him take the money, 
 and now he denies hav- 
 ing done so. 
 
 He has sent the town crier 
 to offer a reward of one 
 hundred rupees for the 
 apprehension of the thief? 
 
 Choreedeean)''^ gulanda 
 Verwdr, 
 
 Ketna cheer hoya hue, cho- 
 ree hoee noon ? 
 
 Too kisse de oote bhurm 
 janjun rukhda hue ? 
 
 Judon teree choree hooee 
 see odon too noukuree 
 oote se ? 
 
 Muen OS noon roopiy e chook 
 de noon ditta see, pur 
 
 _ boon oho mooqurda hue. 
 
 Os ne shuhur vich hoka 
 duwa ditta ki sou roopi- 
 ye OS noon inam milega 
 jera koee chor phuroo- 
 goo ?*^' 
 
 "•* Jurra, corruption of zurra, and) as before noticed, j is almost inva- 
 riably used instead of z. 
 
 '71 Sugon corresponding with siwa (besides,) 
 
 *'* Choreedeedn. It has been before noticed, in note 26, that the post 
 positions are frequently inserted between the noun and its plural termi- 
 nation. 
 
 '^^ Phuroogoo. This expression, though idiomatical, seems to be 
 quite an anomaly, and is an exception to the usual mode of forming the 
 future tense. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 45 
 
 When you accused the pri- 
 soner of the theft, what 
 answer did he make ? 
 
 Did he appear alarmed or 
 did he tremble when you 
 told him you would re- 
 port him ? 
 
 Where did you get that 
 lotah ? 
 
 Did you not know it was 
 stolen property ? 
 
 The Sepoy who lost several 
 cooking vessels last week 
 discovered that they had 
 been pawned by his 
 neighbour. 
 
 When did you obtain it ? 
 
 Is he a receiver of stolen 
 property ? 
 
 Was it placed in pledge *? 
 
 He now denies having 
 pledged the vessels, al- 
 though there were three 
 men present at the time 
 of his doing so. 
 
 Did the Sepoy say that he 
 would redeem it in a 
 month ? 
 
 Did any other person ac- 
 company the Sepoy ? 
 
 Judon too d huk oote cho- 
 ree dee oojji laee tan os- 
 ne kee ak hya ? 
 
 Judon too akhya see ki mu- 
 en tere oote reput ku- 
 roonga tudon oho durke 
 
 _ kooch kumbya see ? 
 
 O gurwa tue noon kithon 
 hut h luga ? 
 
 Uk he too ne se janda ki 
 ehe choree dee cheez 
 hue? 
 
 Pichhle uth roje vich 
 jere bhande Sipahee de 
 guwaih, gye se, so 
 pichhon*''* os ne mu- 
 loom keeta,'^^ ki mere 
 guwandee ne kit he gaine 
 
 _rukh le. 
 
 O tue noon kudon'^^ hut,h 
 
 __ luga. 
 
 O choree dee cheez rukhun 
 wala jan'^^ lene wala 
 hue? 
 
 Ki gaine kurke rukhe se ? 
 
 Hoon o mooqurda hue ki 
 muen bhande gaine ne 
 rukhe, pur tun mu- 
 nookh OS vele oogaha 
 rooburoo hue sun. 
 
 Sipahee ne kooch akhya 
 see, ki muen ek muhee- 
 ne vich b hande gaine on 
 ch huda loonga ? 
 
 Sipahee de nal hor bee koee 
 gya see ? 
 
 "* Pichhon, instead of peechhS. 
 
 "5 Keeta, this is one of the very few irregular preterites, from hurnaj 
 to make, and corresponding with kiya, made, in Hindoostani. 
 '7^ Kudon, instead of kuh si. 
 '77 Jan is the conjunction, corresponding with t/a, " or." 
 
46 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 He was apprehended once 
 before on the same sus- 
 picion, and his brother is 
 also an accomplice. 
 
 When did you miss your 
 lotah ? 
 
 Were there any particular 
 marks on it ? 
 
 What led you to suppose 
 that it had been sold, and 
 how did you discover to 
 • whom it had been sold ? 
 
 Was the man's shop search- 
 ed, and were any other 
 articles the property of 
 Government or of Sepoys 
 discovered ? 
 
 Had you locked the door 
 as I desired you, and 
 given the key to the 
 sentry, the robbery 
 would not have oc- 
 curred. 
 
 What sort of character 
 does the sepoy bear ? 
 
 Do you recognize the lo- 
 tah now before the Court 
 as your property ? 
 
 In which guard has the 
 
 prisoner been confined ? 
 
 Has the charge upon which 
 
 O tan*^^ uedoon uge hee 
 eho bhurm kurke phure 
 gye sun hor oda prao bee 
 sanjhee hue. 
 
 Too kudon muloom keeta 
 ki mera gurwa hue na- 
 
 _ been ? 
 
 O de vich kisee turan dee 
 nishane see ? 
 
 Too kis turan janda hue, 
 ki eho vich ditta hor kis 
 turan muloom keeta ki 
 fulane dee hut hee vich 
 
 _ vechya hue ? 
 
 O dee huttee pholee hooee 
 kooch hor l3ee vulewa 
 sirkar da jan Sipaheean 
 da nikulya see ? 
 
 Jeha"^^ muen hookm ditta 
 see, teha'**" too kurda hor 
 deodee marke, jundre 
 dee koonjee suntry noon 
 de denda,^^' tan uesturan 
 
 _ dee choree na hoondee. 
 
 Odee^^^ ryhut hor chulun 
 kere turan da hue ? 
 
 Eh gurwa jera Court de 
 vich rukhya hue, so too 
 syanda hue ki mera hue P 
 
 Kere guard vich dhuk 
 
 qued hooee hooee hue ? 
 Jis gul oote'^^ council de 
 
 '7" O tan, corresponding with wooh, to. 
 
 "^ Jeha, is the relative pronoun corresponding with jis in Hindoostani. 
 ®° Teha, is the correlative, corresponding with tis. 
 
 '®' Dinda and denda are used for the present tense of the verb dena^ 
 to give. 
 
 ^^^ Odee instead of oo8 hee. 
 
 "^ Oote is used iu Punjabee instead of pur or oopur. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 47 
 
 the prisoner is to be 
 tried, been explained to 
 him ? 
 Have all the witnesses been 
 warned to attend the 
 Court Martial directed 
 to assemble on Monday 
 morning ? 
 
 Have the stolen articles 
 been lodged in the guard, 
 with a view to their be- 
 ing identified ? 
 
 Has the Sepoy whose pre- 
 sence will be required to 
 give evidence before the 
 Court been relieved from 
 duty? 
 
 rooburoo, dhuk j achy a 
 jawega so o gul, ona noon 
 soonayee gyee hue ? 
 
 Jera council somwar ukut 
 h:i howega so ona dean'^* 
 oogaha noon akh dit- 
 ta hue, ki council de kol 
 hajir ruhun'^^ oogahee 
 waste ? 
 
 Choree walee cheez guard 
 vich ruk hee hooee hue, 
 kijudon mungee jawan 
 syanun waste, tan hajir 
 howe? 
 
 Jera sipahee oogahee was- 
 te sudna hue council de 
 rooburoo, so o odee nou- 
 kuree ooton'^*^ budleekee- 
 tee hue ? 
 
 Section IX. 
 
 Having reference to 
 March. 
 
 a 
 
 Have the men been appri- 
 sed that they are to hold 
 themselves in readiness 
 to march at a day's no- 
 tice ? 
 
 What carriage will be re- 
 quired per Company ? 
 
 Gulan hooch dean, 
 
 Sipaheea noon sikhal ditta 
 hue, ki jet ha kooch da 
 hookm mile tan tyar ru- 
 hen, ki ose din kooch 
 kurenje ? 
 
 Ketne ketne rere hor kee 
 k^e '^^b har burdaree ek e'k 
 Company waste loree 
 dee hue ? 
 
 "* Ona dSctn. In Punjabee both with the substantives and pronouns the 
 post positions da de dee, are frequently inserted before the pkiral termina- 
 tions. 
 
 •^' Buhun, un is the infinitive corresponding with na, thus rulmn 
 instead of ruhna. 
 
 '^^ Ooton, instead of oopur se. 
 
 •"7 Kee kee instead of kya kya what ? 
 
48 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 What is the rate of hack- 
 ery hire per day and what 
 of Camels per month ? 
 
 Are the roads generally 
 good, and are supplies 
 procurable in abun- 
 dance? 
 
 Collect the baggage and 
 let me know how many 
 carts are necessary for its 
 conveyance. 
 
 He says that the water in 
 that part of the country 
 is very bad, and that he 
 only knows of one well 
 the water of which is 
 good. 
 
 The inhabitants of that 
 part of the country ren- 
 dered us no assistance, 
 and their behaviour is 
 very disrespectful to tra- 
 vellers. 
 
 The road is much improv- 
 ed since last year, but 
 the traffic is so great 
 that it requires constant 
 repair. 
 
 E k ek guddee da din da 
 ketna ketna bliara hue, 
 hbr oot'^^ da muheene da 
 kee chookawa hue ? 
 
 Rah kisturan da hue ukhe 
 chunga hue, hor rust bu- 
 hoot milegee ? 
 
 Sub usbab ukutha kurke 
 sa noon kbubur de ki ? 
 kinne kinne*^^ tere ode 
 puchon chane waste lo- 
 
 _ reede huen. 
 
 O anda ^" ki es des da panee 
 kharra hue, hor muen 
 noon eko khooh mu- 
 loom hue ki jes da panee 
 mit ha'^^ hue. 
 
 Os des'^® dean lookan sa- 
 dee kooch humrah nu- 
 heen keetee, hor prao- 
 nean waste wudee onadee 
 chal mundee hue. 
 
 Piclihle wurre nalon rah 
 chunga hue, pur bupa- 
 ree hor soudagur bu- 
 hoot loorde huen, so 
 chahiye ki rah dee hu- 
 meshu murumut hoya 
 kure. 
 
 '8*^ Oot, a camel. In Punjabee the n as in the Illndoostani word oonty is 
 never sounded. 
 
 ^^^ Kinne kinnS instead of ketna ketna, how many. 
 
 *9° Anda^ dusda and ok hda, all correspond with kuhta, says, in Ilin- 
 doostani, 
 
 '"' Mitha, corruption of Meet, ha, sweet. 
 
 '^^ Os des dean, It has been before noticed that in Punjabee the post 
 positions are frequently inserted between the substantive and its termina- 
 tion. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 49 
 
 Has intimation been given 
 that owing to the scar- 
 city of carriage, only the 
 quantity will be permit- 
 ted to each individual 
 according to his rank in 
 the service ? 
 
 Have the men been inform- 
 ed that any one detected 
 plundering or commit- 
 ting any act of oppres- 
 sion will be severely pu- 
 nished ? 
 
 Who is on rear guard to 
 day? 
 
 Enquire if all the carts 
 have crossed the sandy 
 nullah within a mile of 
 camp. 
 
 Had an arrangement been 
 made before hand, the 
 present difficulty might 
 have been avoided. 
 
 Enquire whether the Camp 
 is in a garden to-day and 
 whether water is plen^- 
 tiful and good. 
 
 Does he says his bullocks 
 are so tired that he can- 
 not proceed further? 
 
 Is the bridge in good or- 
 der ? 
 
 Subna noon soon a ke si- 
 khal ditta hue ki gudde- 
 an hor b har bur daree 
 thoree hon tjion mooa- 
 fiq hoode dee ek ek noon 
 milegee ? 
 
 Subna sipaheean noon si- 
 khal ditta hue ki rah 
 vich je koee^^^ loot jan 
 kise nal dhuka kurega 
 tan kururree suja pawe- 
 ga? 
 
 Aj pichulee guard dee nou- 
 kuree kere sipahee dee 
 hue? 
 
 Tuteek'^* kuro ki sub rerd 
 chulee wale nale thon 
 jera kumbhoo thon udh 
 koh oote hue orar ^^ huen 
 ki par huen, 
 
 Jetha edoon'^® puehla joo- 
 gut dee tud beer, hoonde 
 tan uedee ook,hyaee na 
 hoondee. 
 
 Jach kuro ki kumpoo uj 
 bagh vich ooturya hue, 
 hor OS thanw da panee 
 mitha hue, hor buhoota 
 hue. 
 
 Kee o es turan ak hda hue, 
 ki mere bould uede t hu- 
 ke hun ki uedopn uga- 
 han toor ne hungde. 
 
 Pool chunga hor dooroost 
 hue? 
 
 '9^ Jehoee, instead of Jo hoee, whoever. 
 '9* Tuteek, is a corruption of tuhqeeq. 
 
 '9^ Ordr, on this side, is used in contradistinction to par across, on 
 that side. 
 
 '^^ E "^doon, instead of issL 
 
50 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Does he say it was broken 
 down by the heavy rain 
 which fell in August ? 
 
 After such a deluge the 
 whole country is under 
 water. 
 
 Is this river fordable at 
 this season ? 
 
 In some parts the water 
 is very deep, whilst in 
 others it is equally shal- 
 low. 
 
 What number of boats are 
 ready for the transport 
 of the Troops and Bag- 
 gage ^ 
 
 There are numerous boats 
 at the Ferry for the trans- 
 port of the Troops and 
 baggage. 
 
 How many of the Camels 
 have sore backs ? See that 
 they are not overladen. 
 
 Who posts the sentries this 
 evening ? Tell them not 
 allow any one to enter 
 the Camp until they are 
 satisfied the person be- 
 longs to the Camp. 
 
 This is one of the most no- 
 torious places in the 
 Punjab for thieves, tell 
 
 Kee'^^ oho es turan akhda 
 hue ki Bhcaduron vicli 
 jera meenh pya see, hor 
 panee de hur nal loot 
 gya hue ? 
 
 Uedee purlo da meenhee 
 pya hue, ki saree d hur- 
 tee oote panee cliurh 
 ^giya hue. 
 
 E s buhar panee hat,h hue 
 ki gane gan lung jaee da 
 hue ? 
 
 Kit he kithe panee doonga 
 hue, hor kithe kithe 
 chhota ch hota hue. 
 
 Fouj da vulewa hor nik 
 sook lungowun waste 
 bereean ketnean ko tyar 
 huen. 
 
 Puthun oote fouj de hor 
 nik sook de lungowun 
 noon, bereean buhoot 
 buhootyan huen 
 
 Ketnean 
 
 luga hue? Vekho ki bu 
 hoata b har na ludya jae. 
 
 Uj tukalan noon kere ad- 
 mee suntry k hure kurun 
 dee waree hue, os noon 
 dus ditta hue, ki suntrya 
 noon khura kurun luga 
 sikhal de, ki o pura ad- 
 mee jis noon oho*^^ na 
 syane tan Kumpoo vich 
 na wurandewe. 
 
 Saree Punjab vichon eh 
 jugeh choran dee mus- 
 hahoor hue, Suntrya- 
 
 oota noon laga 
 
 '97 Kee, instead of the pronoun Tcya. 
 'y^ Oho, corresponding with woohy he. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 51 
 
 the sentries not to allow 
 any beggars to wander 
 about the Camp during 
 the day. 
 
 noon sikhal deo, ki dine 
 bee nuingutean noon 
 Kumpoo vich na phirun 
 de bun. 
 
 Section X. 
 
 Relating to a deceased 
 Sepoij. 
 
 Did a Sepoy die in Hos- 
 pital yesterday ? 
 
 Has an inventory been 
 made of his effects ? 
 
 Have his accoutrements 
 and all other articles the 
 property of Government 
 been placed in the Khote 
 of the Company to which 
 the deceased belonged ? 
 
 Who is the heir to the ef- 
 fects of the deceased ? 
 
 What pay is due to the de- 
 ceased ? 
 
 Have the articles of pro- 
 perty belonging to the 
 deceased been sold by 
 auction ? 
 
 Let me see the list of pro- 
 perty before the sale 
 takes place. 
 
 What did the property rea- 
 lize ? 
 
 Had any sums been deduct- 
 ed from the pay of the 
 deceased ? 
 
 After deducting for the ar- 
 
 Sipahee mure howe da 
 Verwar, 
 
 Kul ratee beemar khane 
 vich koee Sipahee mur- 
 
 _ gya hue ? 
 
 O de vulewe dee kooch bun- 
 ist bunee hue ? 
 
 Jeree Company da Sipahee 
 murgya hue o de k hote 
 vich, oda nik sook hor 
 sirkar dee burdee ruk h 
 leee hue ^ 
 
 O da velewa lain walakoun 
 hue ? 
 
 Mure hooe Sipahee dee sir- 
 kar wul ketnee tulub 
 churhee hooee hue ? 
 
 Jera vulewa Sipahee da see 
 so vech ditta hue ? 
 
 Usbab vechun thon puel- 
 han sub o bunist mue 
 noon wukhal deo. 
 
 Vulewa vech ke ketne roo- 
 piye kut he hooe sun ? 
 
 Mure hooe sipahee dee tu- 
 lub vichon kooch kutee 
 gyee see % 
 
 Kut kut ke sub o jeree 
 
52 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 tides he had received, 
 how much will remain to 
 be carried to the account 
 of the Estate ? 
 
 Have you desired that the 
 articles of dress belong- 
 ing to the deceased be 
 submitted before being 
 sold for the inspection 
 of the Quarter Master ? 
 
 Who stood next below the 
 deceased on the Roll of 
 the Company ? 
 
 cheezan jeende pace see, o 
 doon baqee kee wudhya 
 hue, o de lain wale was- 
 te ? 
 
 Too hookm ditta see ki 
 murun wale sipahee da 
 vulewa vechon thon 
 puehlan, Quarter Mas- 
 ter Sahib noon wukhal 
 dena ? 
 
 Murun wale sipahee de 
 het h kis sipahee dee Roll 
 hue? 
 
 Section XI. 
 
 Having reference to Pay 
 and BuneeaJis accounts. 
 
 When was last pay issued, 
 
 and on what date is the 
 
 next issue ? 
 Are the Buneeah's accounts 
 
 duly settled ? 
 Let me see your account 
 
 daily ? 
 
 Are the Buneeahs aware 
 that they are only autho- 
 rized to give credit for 
 the month for which pay 
 is issued, and to the ex- 
 tent of Rs. 3-8 per man. 
 
 Is there a Buneeah attach- 
 ed to each Company ? 
 
 Tuliih da, Jior haneeari^^^ da 
 husab de Vertvar. 
 
 Pichulee tulub kudon Wun- 
 dee see, hor ugulee ku- 
 don wundegee. 
 
 Kuraran da sub o husab ni- 
 bur gya hue ? 
 
 Too upna husab mue noon 
 roz bu rozee wukhalya 
 kur? 
 
 Baneean noon hookm soo- 
 na ditta hue^ ki jere mu- 
 heene dee tulub wundee 
 hue, ose muheene de sa- 
 de tun^^^ roopiye, ek ek 
 sipahee de jinan oodhar 
 k hada hue sode dihange. 
 
 E k ek Company vich ek 
 ek kurar hue ? 
 
 '^'•^ Bdnee instead of Buniah. 
 
 ^^^ Sade tai%, instead of Sdre teen, 3^ 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 53 
 
 Did you tell him he might 
 reside in the Bazar and 
 open a shop ? 
 
 What number of shops are 
 there ? 
 
 The shops are very nume- 
 rous, particularly those of 
 goldsmiths, cloth mer- 
 chants and druggists ? 
 
 Are there bakers, butchers, 
 bamboo, cane, and mat 
 sellers, money changers, 
 oil men, potters, sweet- 
 meat sellers, spice, toddy, 
 tobacco, and vegetable 
 sellers in the Bazar ? 
 
 How many days supplies 
 could the Buneeahs fur- 
 nish on a march without 
 replenishing their stock ? 
 
 Is the Chowdry a man of 
 
 capital ? 
 
 Too bazar vich rehun da 
 jan huttee k^holun da, 
 kooch o noon hookm dit- 
 ta hue ? 
 
 Ketnean ruqm dean hut- 
 teean huen ? 
 
 Hutteean but here an huen, 
 pur soonyareean, hor buj* 
 jajan, hor pusaryan deean 
 buhooteean huen ? 
 
 Dek ho bazar vich tun door 
 wale hoe qusaee,hor wun^ 
 ja wale, hor by tan wale, 
 hor sufan wale, hor sur- 
 raf telee, hor ghoom yar, 
 hor hulwaee, hor pusaree, 
 hor taree, hor tumakoo, 
 hor turkaree vechun wale, 
 sube hnjir huen. ? 
 
 Kooch de vele ban^ee ket- 
 na ko hor mol lain thon 
 bina, jukeera Sipaheean 
 de khurch waste ruk h- 
 de huen ? 
 
 Chowdree dhun wale hue, 
 hor upne pas kooch 
 poonjee bee rukhdahue ? 
 
 Section XII. 
 
 Having reference to an 
 Inquest, 
 
 Have you enquired into 
 the circumstances at- 
 tending the death of the 
 Sepoy who died sudden- 
 ly yesterday ? 
 
 Did he complain of being 
 ill? 
 
 Mout da uliwal. 
 
 Jera Sipahee kul ratee mur* 
 gya see, o dee mout da 
 uhwal kooch too mu* 
 loom keeta hue? 
 
 On upne rog da verwar 
 kooch dusya see ? 
 
54 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Had you observed any 
 change in his usual de- 
 portment of late ? 
 
 Did he appear to you to 
 be labouring under tem- 
 porary derangement ? 
 
 Does any one know if the 
 deceased had been sub- 
 ject to fits of any kind? 
 
 Were any marks of violence 
 
 visible, or appearance of 
 
 a bite of a snake on any 
 
 part of his body ? 
 Was any property found 
 
 on his person ? 
 Were and how was he found 
 
 lying ? 
 The body was found in a 
 
 field concealed under 
 
 some grass. 
 Did he ever complain of 
 
 ill usage in any way from 
 
 any one ? 
 
 How long had he been in 
 the Regiment ? 
 
 Has he any connection in 
 this or any other Re- 
 giment ? 
 
 Too kooch muloom keeta 
 see, ki oho odurya hoya, 
 jan soost hor mijaj ho- 
 rns turan dee see? 
 
 Too kooch muloom keeta 
 ki o noon kooch baol poo- 
 ne dee kuse see ? 
 
 Koee oda uhwal jan da hue 
 ki o noon dook h mirgee 
 da jan koee be soorut ho 
 
 _ janda see ? 
 
 Ode pinde oote, koee dag h 
 sut da, jan sup de dung- 
 da see ? 
 
 Ode moodon, ^^* kooch 
 _ roopiye nikule sun ? 
 Odee loth kithe hor kistu- 
 _ ran pyee see ? 
 Oda d hur, kithon ghah de 
 
 hethon nupya hoya lu- 
 _ b ha see. 
 Os ne kudhe akhya see, 
 
 ki fulhane munookh ne 
 
 mere oote dhuka keeta 
 _ see ? 
 
 O ketne ko din purtul 
 _ vich re ha see ? 
 O da koee es purtul jan 
 
 horns purtul vich sak 
 
 hue see? 
 
 *°' Moodon, corresponding with pas se. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 56 
 
 Section XIII. 
 
 Having reference to an in- Ilajiree hor uleemee lain dd 
 spection of arms and ac- Verwar. 
 
 coutremeiits. 
 
 There will be an inspection 
 of arms and accoutre- 
 ments to-morrow morn- 
 ing, so warn the men to 
 take care that they are all 
 in a cleanly state. 
 
 How was this man's mus- 
 ket broken ? 
 
 It fell down and broke in 
 the stock. 
 
 If there be a spare musket 
 give him another in ex- 
 change for the broken 
 one. 
 
 Is the spare clothing in the 
 khotes taken out dur- 
 ing the rainy season and 
 aired frequently ? 
 
 Are all the pegs complete 
 on which the accoutre- 
 ments are hung ? 
 
 Are all the locks as well as 
 the keys of the khotes 
 in good order ? 
 
 Is the pipeclay good with 
 which the belts are clean- 
 ed, and whence was it 
 obtained ? 
 
 Bhulk chalange uleema 
 howega hor ek ek admee 
 dee sub usbab dee haji- 
 ree leee jawegee subna 
 noon eho soona deo ki 
 chitta hor sabut ruk hun. 
 
 E s sipahee dee budooq kis 
 
 __ turan bhujee hue ? 
 
 Otan ap dig pya hor du- 
 moose moodo budooq 
 mirk pyee hue. 
 
 Jethan wudeek budooq 
 hue, tan tootee hooee de 
 wutte OS noon diho. 
 
 Jereean wadoo koorteean 
 jan putte loonan huen 
 so bursat de choomase 
 vich dhoop nikulee 
 kooee sookha deee dee 
 hue? 
 
 Khote vich kileean, sube 
 pooryan huen, jinan de 
 nal toosh^dan duwalee 
 tungee jandee hue ? 
 
 Khote de sube jun de hor 
 koom jeean poorean huen. 
 
 Chittee mittee jee de naP"^ 
 duwalee runjee dee hue, 
 oho chungee hue, hor 
 kithon oonwaee hue ? 
 
 Jce de nal, corresponding with jcs he sath. 
 
56 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 What is the weight of a 
 man's musket, and of his 
 accoutrements generally ? 
 
 How is it that the men can 
 make such long marches, 
 yet cannot stand for half 
 an hour under their arms 
 
 Sipahee dee budooq hor 
 sireejan toal vich ketna 
 ko bhara hue ? 
 
 E^h kis turan hue ki sipahee 
 kooch vich, lumee lu- 
 mee^"^mujiP*kurde huen, 
 pur quwaid vich, udha 
 ghunta vurdee kuske 
 k hure ne ren de. 
 
 Section XIV. 
 
 Target Practice. 
 
 What Company is at Tar- 
 get practice this morn- 
 ing ? 
 
 At what distances do the 
 men fire. 
 
 Does he know how far his 
 musket carries a ball 
 correctly ? 
 
 Does the ball fall on the 
 right or left of the Target 
 usually? 
 
 How can you expect to 
 hit the Target when you 
 invariably flinch, and 
 sometimes shut both 
 your eyes. 
 
 He says he took a steady 
 aim, but missed in conse- 
 quence of the high wind 
 which was blowing at 
 the time. 
 
 Chanel maree hor yiisJian yan 
 da Verwar, . 
 
 Chand maree waste uj kere 
 hue Company gyee hue ? 
 
 Sipahee ketnean kur ma 
 oothon golee da nisha- 
 
 _ na lugda hue ? 
 
 O kooch janda ki kitnean 
 kurma oothon golee da 
 nishanee lugda hue ? 
 
 Such golee nishane de qub- 
 be jan suj he pase dig dee 
 hue? 
 
 Judon too jhujuk da hue, 
 hor kudhe kudhe uk- 
 heen meeth lenda hue, 
 tan teree golee nishanee 
 
 _ vich kee koo^^^ lugegee ? 
 
 O anda hue ki muen bu- 
 hoot tukke shist budee 
 see pur wao nal 
 nishane vich na luge 
 
 golee 
 
 ^"^ Lumee lumee, corresponding with lumhee lumhee, 
 ^°* Mujilf corruption of munzil. 
 
 Kee koo, instead of kis turah. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 57 
 
 Of 100 balls what propor- 
 tion hit the target ? 
 
 prim- 
 
 Is the main spring of your 
 
 lock weak ? 
 Have you sufficient 
 
 ing in the pan ? 
 What is the cause of your 
 
 musket mis-firing ? 
 Is the touch-hole enlarged ? 
 
 Is the flint good ? 
 
 Have you a turn-screw and 
 
 hammer ? 
 Can you draw the ball ? 
 
 How did you lose the sight 
 of your musket ? 
 
 When were the barrels last 
 browned ? 
 
 Has the lid of your pouch 
 become so hard that you 
 cannot open it to take 
 out your cartridges ? 
 
 Take good aim, and ima- 
 gine your enemy before 
 you. 
 
 Sou golee chulaee hooee 
 vichon ketnean nishane 
 vich theek lug dean 
 huen ? 
 
 Teree budooq dee champ 
 dee kumanee d hilee hue ? 
 
 Pyale vich runguk uch hee 
 hue ? 
 
 Teree budooq ne chuldee 
 enoon kee hoya hue ? 
 
 Teree budooq de pyale da 
 sooroo khol gya hue ? 
 
 Puthuree chungee hue ? 
 
 Tere pas wul louun waste 
 martol, jan muroree hue ? 
 
 Too gdlee kudh hungda 
 hue? 
 
 Teree budooq dee mukhee, 
 kisturan bhuj pyee hue ? 
 
 Nalee kudqnkorungee gyee 
 hue ? 
 
 Tere toshdan da purda 
 ueda khururra hogya 
 hue, kicartoosh kudhun 
 waste k^liol bee ne hung- 
 da, 
 
 Uchhee turuk tukke shist 
 buno hor eho jan ki me- 
 ra vairee mere uge samh- 
 na krota hue. 
 
 Section XV. 
 
 Buntryan de Verwar, 
 
 Having reference to Sen 
 tries. 
 
 How often are the Sentries Suntry dee ketne cheer 
 relieved ? pichhon budlee hoondee 
 
 hue? 
 
 k 
 
58 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 On the relief of a sentry 
 by whom is the reliev- 
 ing sentry posted ? 
 
 Are the sentries posted so 
 as to be within hail or 
 sight of each other ? 
 
 Had the sentry not been 
 upon the alert, the enemy 
 would have surprised 
 and fallen upon the 
 Camp. 
 
 There are two sentries at 
 each gate of the City. 
 
 The sentry went to sleep 
 upon his post, thieves 
 came and plundered all 
 the baggage. 
 
 Judon suntry dee budlee 
 hoondeehue, tudon dooje 
 suntry noon koun k hil- 
 yar da hue ? 
 
 Ais turan suntry k,hure 
 dee hun, ki ek clooje 
 noon vek h hunge hor ap 
 vich dee awaj, soone dee 
 hue? 
 
 Jetha suntry khuburdar 
 na renda tan vairee kum- 
 poo oote bulla kurke 
 mar lenda. 
 
 Shuhur de ek ek durwaje 
 oote, do do suntry k hure 
 hoonde bun. 
 
 Suntry upne puhredethanw 
 oote soun giya tan itne 
 cheer pichhon chor anke 
 nik sook vulewa chorake 
 le giye. 
 
 Section XVI. 
 
 Regarding sick in Ilospi- Munolmn da Verwar jere 
 tal, beemar hJiane vich pye 
 
 hooe huen. 
 
 Is there much sickness 
 amongst the men ? 
 
 What is the nature of the 
 prevailing disease ? 
 
 Are the men excused from 
 duty on quitting the hos- 
 pital ? 
 
 Are the men permitted to 
 leave the Hospital with- 
 out leave ? 
 
 Sipahee vichon rogee ut h 
 buhoot hoondee hue ? 
 
 Uksur rog kis turan da 
 hue'? 
 
 Hospitalon ounda vele si- 
 pahee noon kooch choo- 
 tee mildee hue ? 
 
 Si] aheea noon kooch hookm 
 hue ki bina chootee hos- 
 pitalon nikul oun ? 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 59 
 
 Are any of the windows 
 broken, or any of the 
 bolts out of order ? 
 
 What number of sick are 
 there in hospital, and are 
 there any complaints ? 
 
 Are the cots all in good 
 order ? 
 
 Are the Hospital atten- 
 dants attentive ^ 
 
 Is there any thing objec- 
 tionable in the water ? 
 
 When were the wells last 
 cleaned out ? 
 
 Does he solicit leave for a 
 few days to remain in 
 his lines ? 
 
 Does he wish for a Sepoy 
 from his Company to go 
 and cook his dinner 
 while in Hospital ? 
 
 Is the nature of his case 
 such that it would be 
 advisable his obtaining 
 leave of absence for two 
 months ? 
 
 He died very suddenly, and 
 on opening the body, it 
 was discovered that he 
 had been poisoned, he 
 was found dead upon his 
 bed. 
 
 Take up the litter and 
 
 carry the sick man home. 
 
 He represents that he fell 
 
 Koee sheeshu, jan koee 
 durwaje da koonda toota 
 hue jan unbunya hue ? 
 
 Ketne ko beemar beemar 
 k hane vich rogee huen, 
 hor kisee turandee fur- 
 yad huen ? 
 
 Munje sube chunge hun ? 
 
 Beemar khane de tyhul 
 wale sube khuburdar 
 hue? 
 
 Kooch panee munda hue ? 
 
 E doon puehlan khoo kud 
 jeendya gya hue, hor 
 
 _ keen kudon kud hee see ? 
 
 O t horyan dinan dee choo- 
 tee mungda hue, ki muen 
 Line vich ruhanga ? 
 
 O ak hda hue ki jitna cheer 
 muen Hospital vich ru- 
 hanga otna cheer sadee 
 Company vichon mera 
 pursad kurun waste eko 
 
 _ sipahee mile ? 
 
 O da eh uhwal hue, ki oho 
 laeq hue do muheenean 
 dee chootee o noon mile ? 
 
 tan uth chanchuk hoke 
 murgya hue, hor moe hoe 
 dee loth judon paree see 
 tan muloomkeetaki veo, 
 khake murgya hue, otan 
 munje ooton moya hoya 
 lub ha see ? 
 
 Dolee chookke hor rogee 
 
 _ noon g hur pochao. 
 
 O anda hue ki muen rah 
 
60 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 sick upon the road, and 
 was unable to proceed 
 for three days. 
 
 The tree fell upon him, and 
 injured his leg so severe- 
 ly that amputation be- 
 came necessary. 
 
 T*hough he feigns to be 
 sick, there is nothing the 
 matter with him. 
 
 The head of the bed he is 
 lying on is lower than 
 the foot. 
 
 He was very ill for some 
 days^ biit is now well. 
 
 While there is life there is 
 hope. 
 
 Had he been abstemious, 
 his recovery would have 
 been more rapid. 
 
 Although he has no com- 
 plaint, he has lost all ap- 
 petite, and cannot digest 
 the little food he takes. 
 
 He was still alive when I 
 last saw him, but was 
 sinking fast. 
 
 He is continually asking 
 for water to allay his 
 thirst. 
 
 He says that he feels easi- 
 er, and that the pain in 
 his back has been allevi- 
 ated by the medicine he 
 took. 
 
 vich beemar hoke dig 
 pya hor teon dinan teek 
 ugahan toor ne hungda. 
 
 Rook h ode oote b huj pya 
 hor ode pyr noon, uedee 
 sut lugee ki wudne laeq 
 
 _ hogya. 
 
 O tan puj kurda hue ki 
 muen rogeehan pur usul 
 oda kooch rog naheen. - 
 
 Jis munje oote oho pya 
 hue, OS munje dasurhanu 
 
 _ po andee on neewa hue. 
 
 O tan kyeean dinan da ro- 
 gee see, pur boon rajee 
 hue. 
 
 Jitna cheer sas hue otna 
 cheer as hue. 
 
 Jethan oho buhoota bun- 
 dej kurda, tan buhoot 
 chetee nal rajee hoonda. 
 
 B hula je o noon kooch rog 
 naheen, pur tan bee os 
 noon bhook ne lugdee 
 jethan kooch thora pur- 
 sad, shukda hue tan bee, 
 puchda naheen. 
 
 Judon muen o noon ditta 
 see, tan oho jeeoonda see, 
 pur muloom hoonda see, 
 
 _ ki edee jan toot dee hue. 
 
 O teh da marya humeshu 
 panee mungda hue. 
 
 O anda hue, ki uge nalon 
 muen rajee han, hor ju- 
 don dee duwa khadee 
 hue, tudon dee meree 
 kumror dee peer hut 
 gyee hue. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 61 
 
 Section XVII. 
 
 Regarding Courts of Re- 
 quests, 
 
 Who is the plaintiff and 
 
 who the defendant in 
 
 this ease ? 
 What was the amount you 
 
 lent ? 
 What portion is interest 
 
 and how much is the 
 
 principal ? 
 Did the defendant agree to 
 
 pay you by instalments ? 
 
 How many instalments 
 
 have you received ? 
 Do you hold any bond ? 
 
 Have you given the defen- 
 dant a receipt in full ? 
 
 Was this case settled out 
 of Court ? 
 
 Has this case ever appear- 
 ed in Court before ? 
 
 Are you in receipt of pub- 
 lic pay ? 
 
 What amount of Pay is 
 still due to you ? 
 
 Puchayut^^^ da Veiwar, 
 
 E s mooquddeme vich koun 
 
 moodde wala hor koun 
 
 moodyee hue ? 
 Judon too qurz ditta see 
 
 tan mool ketna see ? 
 Mool ketna hue, hor byaj 
 
 ketna hue ? 
 
 Moodyee ne kooch qurar 
 
 keeta see, ki muen etna 
 
 etna tue noon de a kur- 
 
 oongoo. 
 Ketnean qistan tue noon 
 
 wusool hooeean huen ? 
 Twade pas koee likht jan 
 
 tumussook hue ? 
 Too dene wale noon, koee 
 
 pukkee ruseed dittee 
 
 ^see, ki muen apne le gya? 
 
 E h j hagroopuchayut t hon 
 
 puehlan, rajee hogye se ? 
 Uedoon puehla eh j hugra 
 
 kudde sut h uge aya see? 
 Tue noon kooch sirkaron 
 
 tulub mildee hue ? 
 Teree ketnee tulub churhee 
 
 hue ? 
 
 Puchayut, corruption of PuncTiayut. 
 
62 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Section XVIII, 
 
 Regarding 
 
 Treasure Es- 
 cort Parties, 
 
 Who Commands the Trea- 
 sure party ^ 
 
 What instructions has the 
 Subadar received from 
 the Collector ? 
 
 What is the amount of 
 Treasure ? 
 
 Will the party be relieved 
 half way ? 
 
 How many Tumbrils are 
 required for the Trea- 
 sure ? 
 
 What ammunition are the 
 men directed to carry in 
 pouch and, what spare 
 ammunition will accom- 
 pany the Detachment ? 
 
 Is the road infested with 
 robbers ? 
 
 Has the Subadar been cau- 
 tioned against encamp- 
 ing in gardens near old 
 walls, or sheltered places 
 of any kind "? 
 
 What proportion of the 
 men's muskets are kept 
 loaded ? 
 
 Enquire how far the Col- 
 lector's residence is ? 
 
 Have you ascertained whe- 
 
 KJmxane da Verwar 
 
 Khuzanale jaun waste kee 
 dee command hue ? 
 
 Subadar noon kee kee 
 hookm Collector Sahib 
 ne ditta hue ? 
 
 Kool k huzanee ketna hue? 
 
 Jere admee khuzane nal 
 jaenge onan dee budlee 
 rah vichon ho hungoo ? 
 
 K huzane leee ketnean pet- 
 eean loree dee an huen ? 
 
 Ketna ko jungee usbab Si- 
 paheea noon toshdan nal 
 le jaun da hookm hue, 
 hor ketna ko faltoo tyee- 
 na tee nal jaega ? 
 
 Ki rah vich dharawee bu- 
 hoote hun ? 
 
 Subadar noon ak hke sik hal 
 ditta hue ki jite bagh 
 jan koee poorane kund, 
 jan koee khaee, jan koee 
 thibbur dhora, hor kisee 
 turan da ola howe tan 
 ot,he muqam na kure ? 
 
 Sipaheean deean kitneean 
 budooqan kuseean ren- 
 deean huen ? 
 
 Vekh ke muloom kuro, ki 
 Collector Sahib da ethon 
 ghur kitnee ko door hue? 
 
 Too kooch janda hue ki 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 63 
 
 ther the Collector can 
 receive the Treasure to- 
 day ? 
 
 How long is the Detach- 
 ment likely to be detain- 
 ed ? 
 
 Can fresh carriage be ob- 
 tained here ? 
 
 Is the road in the same 
 heavy state all the way ? 
 
 Where does this join the 
 trunk road ? 
 
 How many days march and 
 how many halts have we 
 made ? 
 
 Did you receive intima- 
 tion that the Detach- 
 ment would reach this 
 place to-day ? 
 
 How is it, then, that no 
 supplies are in readiness ? 
 
 One Regiment is encamped 
 on this side and another 
 beyond the village, and 
 there are not sufficient 
 supplies for both Corps. 
 
 Has every thing been paid 
 for? 
 
 Have any complaints been 
 preferred against the men? 
 
 He allowed his sheep to 
 stray into the cultiva- 
 tion, and the owner of 
 the field beat the shep- 
 herd with a stick. 
 
 Be careful in future not to 
 let the sheep stray into 
 the cultivation. 
 
 Collector sahib uj k huja- 
 na lohoogoo ki na ? 
 
 Ketna ko cheero guard 
 et he, ruhe gee ? 
 
 Hor rere et hon wutaye ja- 
 
 enge ki na ? 
 Sara raha isee turan da 
 
 oukhur hue ki ret chule 
 
 jan chikor nal toorya 
 
 janda ? 
 
 E h raha wudde rah nal 
 
 kit,he ko rulega? 
 Kitnean dinan da kooch 
 
 hor kitnean dinan da 
 
 mooqam keeta hue ? 
 Too kooch ne see soonya 
 
 uj ethe guardan poche- 
 
 gee ? 
 
 E h kis turan dee hue, ki 
 kooch rust da ukut h na- 
 heen? 
 
 Pind de ek purtul ais pase 
 ooturee hue, hor dojee 
 OS pase do an purtulan 
 jogee rust naheen. 
 
 Subna cheezan da mol de 
 ditta hue ? 
 
 Sipaheean oote kise turan 
 
 _ dee furyad hoee see ? 
 
 On ton upna bhedan da 
 ijoor pyree vich chur 
 ditta, hor pyree vale kus- 
 an ne, o noon danga nal 
 marya. 
 
 Khuburdnr ki uedoon uge, 
 pyree bhedan na pyen. 
 
64 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 What is the amount of in- 
 jury done to the man's 
 field? 
 
 Has he been satisfied ? 
 
 Kirsan dee pyree da noos- 
 qan jo hoy a hue, so kool 
 
 _ ketna hue ? 
 
 O da rajeenamih hogya 
 hue? 
 
 Section XIX. 
 
 Having reference to Courts 
 Martial, 
 
 Who is the President of the 
 
 Court Martial ? 
 What is the date of your 
 
 Jemadar's commission ? 
 
 Do you think, from the evi- 
 dence before the Court, 
 that the crime is proved? 
 
 Are there any extenuating 
 circumstances in favor 
 of the prisoner ? 
 
 After narrating all the cir- 
 cumstances of the case, 
 he established his inno- 
 cence, and the Court ac- 
 quitted him. 
 
 He represented in his de- 
 fence that he was in a 
 state of intoxication, but 
 the Court found him 
 guilty. 
 
 Has the prisoner ever been 
 convicted of any other 
 offence before a Court 
 Martial? 
 
 Council da Verwar. 
 
 Council da mookhtiyar 
 kera sirdar hue '^ 
 
 Teree Jeemadaree da hoo- 
 du kidoon tareekh on 
 hoya hue ? 
 
 Teree sumuj h vich kee aya 
 ki oogahon dee oogahee 
 nal, oho tuqseeree hue. 
 
 Kisee turan dee bat hue, 
 dhuk de buchoundee 
 
 _ hue ? 
 
 On than Council de samh- 
 ne, upna subo uhwal 
 kuhanee kurke soona 
 ditta, hor upnee sufaee, 
 sub oojagur keetee, so 
 odee sufaee wekhke 
 Council walean o noon 
 chhud ditta. 
 
 On tan upna ap buchoun- 
 dee leee ak hya see, ki 
 muen umulee hoya hoya 
 san, pur Council walean 
 o noon tuqseeree kur 
 ^ditta. 
 
 E doon uge bee kudde 
 Court de rooburroo 
 dhuk oote tuqseer sabit 
 hoee see ? 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 65 
 
 Did you at any time during 
 the week have occasion 
 to find fault with the pri- 
 soner ? 
 
 When the altercation took 
 place, how far was the 
 prisoner's charpoy from 
 your beat ? 
 
 What was your impression 
 when you went to the 
 Subadar ? did you think 
 that the Sepoy had in- 
 tentionally or uninten- 
 tionally struck him ? 
 
 Did the Sepoy refuse to do 
 his duty ? 
 
 Do you think the prisoner 
 was under the influence 
 of any intoxicating drug ? 
 
 When you proceeded to 
 the spot did the prisoner 
 in your presence com- 
 plain of being unwell ? 
 
 Whose duty is it to shut 
 the gates at night, and 
 who has charge of the 
 keys ? 
 
 Was the prisoner's confes- 
 sion perfectly voluntary ? 
 
 Gould any one get over the 
 
 wall without a ladder ? 
 What height was the wall ? 
 
 What size was the window, 
 was it sufficiently large 
 for a man to go through 
 it? 
 
 Uth roje vich kisee turan 
 dhuk noon tokna jan 
 mune kurna too juroor 
 sumj hya see ? 
 
 Jhugrakudonkohoya see; 
 tere puhore thon dhuk 
 da munja ketne ko door 
 see ? 
 
 Judon too Subadar pas gya 
 se tan teree sumuj h vich 
 kee ko ayee see, ki es ne 
 unjan poone nal jan jan- 
 ke o noon marya ? 
 
 Sipahee ne kudde akhya 
 
 see, ki muen nuokuree ne 
 
 kurda ? 
 Too eh sumuj,h da hue ki 
 
 quedee kooch umulee 
 
 see ? 
 Judon too ot he gya se, tu- 
 
 don dhuk ne kooch 
 
 akhya see, ki muen rogee 
 
 han? 
 Kee da joomu^"^ rat noon 
 
 de odee marnee, hor kee 
 
 de huth vich koonjee 
 
 rendee hue ? 
 Quedee ne upne ap akhya 
 
 see ki muen goonahee 
 
 ban? 
 Pouree thon bina, koee 
 _ kund oote churh janda ? 
 O kund ketne ko oochee 
 _see ? 
 O k hirkee lummee chouree 
 
 ketne ko see admee de 
 
 lungun wurun jogee see 
 
 ki ne see ? 
 
 '^"^ Joomu, corruption of Zimmu. 
 
66 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Did the prisoner visit the 
 Magazine during the 
 time you were on duty ? 
 
 Is there a Sentry at the 
 door of the room in 
 which the treasure is 
 kept ? 
 
 Did you see any footsteps 
 underneath the wall 
 where the rope was ly- 
 ing ? 
 
 How is the window secur- 
 ed at night? 
 
 Was there any other Sen- 
 try near the spot where 
 the footsteps were ? 
 
 When you went to appre- 
 hend the prisoner, in 
 w^hat state did you find 
 him ? 
 
 Did you see a light stick- 
 ing in the thatch ? 
 
 Did you put out the fire ? 
 
 When you saw the prison- 
 er with a light in his hand 
 did you say any thing to 
 him? 
 
 What height was the 
 thatch from the ground 
 where you saw the light 
 sticking ? 
 
 When you saw the prison- 
 er take a pole did you 
 tell him to bring it back. 
 
 Judon da too nuokuru oote 
 se odon dee quedee kude 
 de mekhjeen^"^ men ay a 
 see ? 
 
 Jis kothree vich khuzanu 
 renda hue ode booe uge 
 Suntry kronda hue ? 
 
 Kund de heth jithe rusee 
 digee see othe kisee tu- 
 ran da pyr da khoj see ? 
 
 Rat de vele kh^irkee kis 
 
 turan maree hooee see? 
 Jithe pyrda khoj ditta 
 
 see, othe koee Suntry 
 
 renda see ? 
 Judon too d huk noon p hu- 
 
 run gya tan kis hal vich 
 
 ditta see? 
 
 Too buldee buldee wutee 
 chhupur vich tungee 
 hooee dittee see ? 
 
 Too o dee ug booj ha ditta 
 ki na ? 
 
 Judon too quedee noon 
 wutee huth vich phur ee 
 janda ditta see, tudon too 
 kooch OS noon akhya 
 see ? 
 
 Jis chhupur vich too bul- 
 dee wutee tungee hooee 
 dittee see, o chhupur 
 bhoen thon kitna oocha 
 see ? 
 
 Judon too dhuk noon dun- 
 da chook de noon vekh- 
 ya see, hor too o noon 
 
 -"iJ Mckjijeen corruption of the English word Magazine. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 67 
 
 and what answer did he 
 give*? 
 
 Did you follow him on his 
 giving you no answer? 
 
 Was it sufficiently light 
 that on seeing his face 
 you recognized him ? 
 
 Was there any wind blow- 
 ing at the time ? 
 
 Was the thatch in a dry or 
 wet state ? 
 
 Was any person absent 
 from his Barracks when 
 the Roll was called? 
 
 Up to what time did you 
 see the stolen chest ? 
 
 Under whose charge was 
 the key of the khote 
 door of the 2nd Company, 
 and who had the respon- 
 sibility of locking it up? 
 
 Has any one ever been in 
 the habit of going into 
 the khote at night ? 
 
 Is any one permitted to 
 sleep in the khote ? 
 
 Under what pretence did 
 the prisoner come to you 
 last night? 
 
 When you returned to the 
 khote to sleep, in what 
 state did you find the 
 padlock ? 
 
 Did you take notice on re- 
 turning to the khote 
 whether the box which 
 
 moorke rukhun dee leee 
 hookm ditta see, tan os 
 vele OS ne kee oothur 
 ditta see ? 
 
 Judon tue noon os ne oot- 
 tur ne see ditta Ian, too 
 ode mugur mugur luqlea 
 see ? 
 
 Ueda chanun see, ki too 
 oda moonh vekh ke os 
 
 _ noon syan lya see ? 
 
 Os vele kooch wao wugdee 
 see? 
 
 Chhun gilee see ki soo- 
 khee see ? 
 
 Judon nam nam pookarya 
 see tan Barrack vichon 
 koee ghair hajir see ? 
 
 Kudon ko choree hoya hoya 
 sundooq too ditta see ? 
 
 Doojee Company dee k bo- 
 te dee konjee kere admee 
 pas hue hor jundra marna 
 kee da joomu hue ? 
 
 Rat noon koee admee k bote 
 vich kuddee janda hue ? 
 
 Kisee noon uesa hookm 
 hue, ki khote de undur 
 wurke soan rube ? 
 
 Kul rateen kee puj kurke 
 d huk tere pas ayee see ? 
 
 Judon too k,hote vich soun 
 waste ay a se, tan jundra 
 kis turan ditta see ? 
 
 Judon too moorke khote 
 vich aya se tan too kooch 
 k hyal keeta see, ki sun- 
 
68 
 
 PUNJzVBEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 has been stolen was in its 
 
 usual place ? 
 Did you hear any noise 
 
 during the night, and at 
 
 what hour did you wake ? 
 When did you first discover 
 
 that the box had been 
 
 stolen ? 
 Was the box so situated 
 
 that it could be taken 
 
 away without awaking 
 
 you? 
 How many times did you 
 
 see the prisoner last 
 
 night wiiile you were on 
 
 Sentry ? 
 Did you challenge any one 
 
 between 10 & 12 o'clock ? 
 
 Do you think it possible 
 that any one could have 
 removed the box out of 
 the Khote without your 
 perceiving it while you 
 were standing sentry ? 
 
 dooq jis thanw d,hure 
 sun ose turan pye hoe se ? 
 
 Rat de vele too kise turan 
 da khuruck soonya see 
 hor too kudon jagya se ? 
 
 Too kudon ko muloom 
 keeta ki sundooq chora- 
 ya gya hue ? 
 
 Sundooq es turan dhurya 
 see, ki tere jugaye thon 
 bina koee chook k hure ? 
 
 Kul rat een judon teek too 
 puhra dinda reha se, tan 
 ketnee waree d huk noon 
 ditta see ? 
 
 Dus hor do pyhur de vich 
 kisee noon pookarya jan 
 ounda janda koee boola- 
 ya see ? 
 Judon too pyhure oote 
 krota se, tan too janda hue 
 ki mere janne thon bina 
 koee sundooq chook 
 k hurega ? 
 
 Some short sentences, showing the application of 
 
 VARIOUS words occurring THROUGHOUT THE 
 
 Dictionary. 
 
 The rain fell so heavily last Kul rat ueda meenh pya,**^^ 
 night, that his house fell kis os da kot ha dhy 
 
 down. 
 
 pya 
 
 210 
 
 ^^^ Pyd the preterite, from pynna to fall. 
 
 *''^ Dhy pya. In speaking of the falling of a house, or of a wall, <fec. 
 dhy pya is preferred to dig pya, which is applied to the fall of a man or 
 of a horse, <fec. <fec. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 69 
 
 The man who was bitten 
 by a snake this morning 
 has since died. 
 
 He is such a blockhead 
 that he does not know 
 his right hand from his 
 left. 
 
 Had you not shut your 
 eyes you would not have 
 fallen into the ditch. 
 
 This is a celebrated place 
 of pilgrimage. 
 
 A lamp is kept constantly 
 burning in the temple. 
 
 It is a week since the let- 
 ter was despatched, but 
 he has given no reply. 
 
 The people assembled ear- 
 ly this morning to behold 
 the strange sight. 
 
 Should you hear any noise 
 at night wake me imme- 
 diately. 
 
 During the cold season the 
 snow is so deep in the 
 mountain passes that the 
 traveller is unable to 
 advance. 
 
 The door keeper would 
 not admit us to see the 
 palace. 
 
 Whilst in a state of intoxi- 
 cation he killed his 
 wife* 
 
 Jere munookh noon sup 
 lurya see suvere noon o 
 
 _ pich ho nolee murgya. 
 
 O uesa kumla hue ki upna 
 sujha qubha huth na- 
 heen janda. 
 
 Jethon too ukheen nameet 
 lenda, tan k,haee vich na 
 ^digda.^ 
 
 Eb jugeh teeruth waste 
 mushahoor^'*hue. 
 
 Dhurm sale vich ek deewa 
 humesh jugda hue. 
 
 Uth rojee goojur gya ju- 
 don hurdas gyee, pur uj 
 he teek oottur naheen 
 aya. 
 
 Suvere lok uchuruj dee 
 gul vekhun noon, bu- 
 hoot ukuthe hooe se. 
 
 Jethan too see rat noon 
 kooch khuruk soone 
 tan sa noon ose vele juga 
 dena. 
 
 Pale de dinan vich puhar 
 de ghatan vich, vurfue- 
 dee doongee hoondee 
 hue, ki rahee palee nu- 
 heen ja sukde. 
 
 Deodee wala sa noon mu- 
 hul vek,hun waste undur 
 naheen jan^'® denda. 
 
 Umulee hoe hoe,^*^ os ne 
 upnee wotee noon mar 
 ditta. 
 
 °" MushaJioor is a corruption of musTioor, celebrated. 
 
 *'2 Denda, the n in denda seems to be inserted for the sake of euphony 
 merely. 
 
 '"' Hd6 hoi, this is a purely idiomatical expression, implying in the very 
 state, hochoi is also used instead of hoo6, whilst hoya is preferred to hooa. 
 
70 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 He purposes going to meet 
 his son-in-law, whom he 
 has not seen for three 
 years. 
 
 On the north side of the 
 mountain the snow con- 
 tinues to lie for many 
 months. 
 
 I have given my horse in 
 exchange for his. 
 
 They separated on the road 
 and have never since 
 met. 
 
 He resides in the same vil- 
 lege. 
 
 The marriage of his son 
 was celebrated with 
 great pomp, and the pro- 
 cession was attended by 
 all the relatives of the 
 bride and bridegroom. 
 
 The bride's dowry is said 
 to have exceeded a lakh 
 of Rupees, besides vari- 
 ous presents presented 
 by her relations. 
 
 The shock of the earth- 
 quake caused several 
 houses to fall down, and 
 the people trembled with 
 fear. 
 The Sikhs suffer their 
 beards to grow very long 
 and tie up their hair in 
 
 O as kurda hue upne juwa- 
 ee noon milna ki jis noon 
 tun wurrean te nuheen 
 ditta. 
 
 Purbut d6 oottur dee wul 
 wurf^'* buhoot te muhee- 
 ne rendee hue. 
 
 Muen upna ghora o de 
 
 __ ghore de vvutte ditta hue. 
 
 O dowe munookh wat^^^ 
 vich buk^'^ hogye, phir 
 
 _ kudhe nuheen mile. 
 
 O tan eke pind vich renda 
 
 _ hue. 
 
 O de pootr da veeah^^^ wu- 
 de udumbur da hoya'*^ 
 see, hoejun de nal bun- 
 na bunnee de sub sak 
 kol se. 
 
 Lok akhde ki bunnee da 
 daj lakh roopiye te oote 
 hue sugon o de sak bu- 
 hoot lag le aye huen. 
 
 B hochal aye t hon, buhoote 
 ghur dhy pyee hor lok 
 durke kumb hun luge. 
 
 Sikh lok daree^'^ buhoot 
 rukhde hun, hor kesan 
 da joora kurde hun, hor 
 
 ''* Wurf, Vide remark in Note 16, regardinff the indiscriminate use of 
 B. V. W. 
 
 '"^ Wat, it is even more common to use the word Bat for " road." 
 
 ^'^ Buk, vuk, wuk, are all indiscriminately used. 
 
 '^'^ Veeah and Beeah, are synonimous terms, vide note 16. 
 
 *'' Iloya, instead of hooa. 
 
 '" Daree, instead of dharee. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 71 
 
 a knot, and usually wear 
 a turban. 
 
 The prisoner who escaped 
 from jail has been appre- 
 hended, and has been sen- 
 tenced to be banished for 
 life. 
 
 Both were equally guilty 
 but he screened one and 
 allowed him to escape,on 
 account of the relation- 
 ship which existed be- 
 tween them. 
 
 After being defeated in 
 three engagements, the 
 Prince abdicated his 
 throne. 
 
 His eldest son was wound- 
 ed in the second engage- 
 ment. 
 
 The men deserted previ- 
 ous to the action, and 
 would have been appre- 
 hended had not the su- 
 perintendent of Police 
 connived at their escape. 
 
 The Sikhs are usually very 
 able bodied men and 
 prefer war, and the pro- 
 fession of arms. 
 
 He came suddenly upon 
 his adversary, attacked, 
 and killed him. 
 
 ''^*' Bee, instead of hhee also. 
 
 '" Bhuj gya, inssead of hhag gyct. 
 
 ^^^ Twweez, corruption of tujweez. 
 
 ^^ Teeon instead of teen, three. 
 
 uksur ek ek pug bee*'^ 
 bunde hun. 
 
 Jera quedee bunde k hane 
 on bhuj gya^" hue, otan 
 p hir p hurya gya, hor o 
 deetuweez^"hooee ki des 
 
 _ te kud,hya jawe. 
 
 O dowe eko jithe tuqseer 
 wund se pur osne khoo- 
 shamud kurke ek noon 
 b,huja ditta, is kurke ki 
 donon apus vich sak se. 
 
 Raja teeon'®^ luraee vich 
 b hanj khake upnee gud- 
 dee ch hud dittee. 
 
 O da kouhur doojee luraee 
 vich phutya gya. 
 
 Jere munook h luraee t hon 
 puehle b huj gye se o tan 
 phurre jande jetha kot- 
 walon andee khoosha- 
 mud kurke bhuja na din 
 da. 
 
 Sikh lok uksur buhoot 
 tukre hun, hor shureer- 
 on andee oodumee hue, 
 hor vahee de kum thon 
 luraee hor sipah guree 
 da kum chunga munde 
 
 _ huen. 
 
 O tan upne vairee noon 
 vek.hke ode oote chan- 
 chuk bulla kurke, o noon 
 mar ditta. 
 
72 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Had he listened to the ad- 
 vice of his guide, and 
 proceeded on, he would 
 not have fallen into the 
 hands of his enemy. 
 
 His ambition knew no 
 bounds, and he was at 
 last slain by the soldiers. 
 
 A party of eight or ten men 
 lying in ambush rose up, 
 and cut up the enemy to 
 a man. 
 
 In consideration of the a- 
 mity which had subsist- 
 ed between the two states, 
 the victor spared the 
 town. 
 
 The cavalry are well equip- 
 ped and all are dressed 
 in armour. 
 
 He resides with his Father- 
 in-law. 
 
 Send for a good Carpenter, 
 and tell him to repair all 
 the doors. 
 
 The Carpenter who came 
 yesterday had no tools, 
 and does not understand 
 his business. 
 
 He lost his son yesterday, 
 and is, in consequence, in 
 great grief. 
 
 This wall is built up so 
 crookedly that it must be 
 
 Jetlia sooe dee mut lug- 
 da, hor uge janda tan 
 vairee de hut h na ounda. 
 
 O de housile da unt ne see, 
 ise waste Siphaheean ne 
 o noon mar ditta. 
 
 Uth dus munookh shou 
 vich buet he se chanchuk 
 onan ne oothke bulla 
 keeta, ki vairee da ek 
 munookh bee na reha.*^* 
 
 Jse kurke ki doan*^^ surkar- 
 an vich dostee see, ose 
 kurke jitan wale shuhur 
 noon bucha liya. 
 
 Uswar buhoot chungee po- 
 shak dee kumur kusee 
 hooee hoondee ki, hor 
 subbe, munook h sunj ho 
 
 _ pynde hun. 
 
 O tan upne soure de nal ren- 
 da hue. 
 
 E k chunga ruk ban mun 
 gao ki subna^^^ de odeean 
 noon dooroost kurde. 
 
 Jera badee kul aya see, os 
 de kol hut hyar hue na- 
 heen sun hor upna kum 
 bee naheen janda. 
 
 Kul o da pootr murgya ise 
 kurke buhoot sog kur- 
 da hue. 
 
 Eh kund uedee vingee 
 osaree hue, ki phir dhao 
 
 ^^* Reha instead of ruha. 
 ^'* Doan instead of donon. 
 *'® Suhna instead of sub, all. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 73 
 
 pulled down again, this 
 is straight, but that is 
 crooked. 
 
 The town's people went to 
 a feast yesterday, some 
 returned this morning, 
 others will not arrive till 
 the evening. 
 
 He is as notorious for his 
 avarice as his father was 
 celebrated for his liberal- 
 ity. 
 
 He is a very active youth, 
 and would make a good 
 courier. 
 
 He arrived in four hours, 
 and has beaten the fas- 
 test runner. 
 
 On my explaining to him 
 your wishes, he replied, 
 very good, he would un- 
 dertake the work. 
 
 The procession is advan- 
 cing, the man seated on 
 his elephant elegantly 
 dressed, is the eldest son 
 of the Prince. 
 
 In former days this was a 
 large city, but the houses 
 are now all in ruins. 
 
 Take care that no delay 
 occurs in future. 
 
 There are ten carts, and 
 but one driver. 
 
 He took the buffaloes and 
 cows out as usual to 
 graze, andrepresents that 
 
 eh sidhee, 
 hue. 
 
 o vmgee 
 
 Kul shuhur de lok kisee 
 jug noon gye, koee koee 
 suvere toorapya, koee 
 koee tukalan teek na 
 
 _ awenge. 
 
 Os da pootr soompoone te 
 uesa mushahoor hue, 
 juesa oda peo dante mu- 
 
 _ shahoor see ? 
 
 O tan buhoot tukra juwan 
 hue, hor hulkare dekum 
 
 _ noon chunga hue. 
 
 O chou ghunteean vich pon- 
 ta*^'' hor subna hulka ree- 
 an te chaitee ay a. 
 
 Jud muen twada ichhya 
 o noon akh dittee, tan 
 akhya, sut bujun muen 
 kum kur de oonga. 
 
 Jun de ugulvandee lok jan- 
 de hun, o munookh jera 
 huthee vich buhoot suj- 
 dee poshak pynee hooee 
 beetha hue, o Raja da 
 kouhur hue. 
 
 Uge tan eh shuhur buhoot 
 wuda see, pur boon dhy 
 pya. 
 
 khuburdar ki uedoon uge*^* 
 chair na luge ? 
 
 Dus guddeean hun hor eko 
 
 _waoune wala hue. 
 
 O tan uge w^ang myhean 
 hor gaiyan, charun waste 
 le gya, hor and a hue, ki 
 
 *'' Ponta instead of puhooncha. 
 
 ^^^ Uedoon uge instead ayunde ko, in future. 
 
 m 
 
74 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 a buffaloe calf was lost 
 in the jungle ? 
 
 I am sore footed in conse- 
 quence of having walked 
 over so many ploughed 
 fields. 
 
 The clods, in consequence 
 of the dry weather, are 
 as hard as stones. 
 
 The sword you purchased 
 for me has a good blade, 
 but no edge. 
 
 Tell him to take a flint and 
 steel with him, as there 
 are no villages along the 
 road. 
 
 The lock of the door is 
 quite spoilt, and one or 
 two wards of the key 
 are bent. 
 
 The inhabitants of this 
 country are very super- 
 stitious, and rely much 
 on omens ; this is consi- 
 dered a good omen, 
 whilst that portends 
 much evil. 
 
 Although it appears but 
 a small pool, the water 
 is very deep; thinking it 
 shallow water he step- 
 ped in and fell in over 
 head, and was very near- 
 ly drowned. 
 
 During the storm many 
 large trees were rooted 
 
 myhe da kutta oojar vich 
 guwaj gya. 
 Muen uedewahun vich gya 
 san, ki mere pueran vich 
 uhale py gye. 
 
 Ais our vich dheema uei- 
 dyan khureean se, ki 
 putheran virgyan huen. 
 
 Jeree tulwar too mere 
 waste molan dee hue, es 
 da phul buhoot chunga 
 
 _ pur wad kooch naheen. 
 
 Os noon ak hdeo, ki jharoo 
 sokhta nal lejao, ki is 
 rah vich pind kitte ne 
 ounda.^^^ 
 
 Deo dee da jundra buhoot 
 vigryahoya, hor koonjee 
 dee do ek mukhee te- 
 dee^'^hue. ^ 
 
 E s des de rehne wnle lok 
 buhoot wus was kurde 
 bun, hor sugon buhoot 
 munde hun ; e tan sugon 
 buhoot chungahue, otan 
 buhoot mara hue. 
 
 Bhule je eh doom chhota 
 muloom hoonda hue, pur 
 eda panee buhoot doon- 
 ga hue, o tan janda see 
 ki chupree hue, hor puer 
 pynda hee doob gya, 
 hor musa musa nikul 
 aya. 
 
 Underee vich buhoote 
 rookh ookhur gye, hor 
 
 '^® Ounda, the present tense Srd person singular, from ounna, to come, 
 corresponding with ata, from ana to come, in Hindoostani. 
 ^'"^ Tedee, crooked, bent, corresponding with terha. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 75 
 
 up and the corn is com- 
 pletely laid. 
 
 The temple is dedicated to 
 thegoddessKalee; agreat 
 many buffaloes and goats 
 are offered annually, and 
 are slaughtered by hav- 
 ing their heads cut off. 
 
 They were partners to- 
 gether but in conse- 
 quence of a quarrel which 
 occurred between them 
 they separated. 
 
 The kernels of these Al- 
 monds are very bitter. 
 
 The cocoa nuts appear very 
 large with the outer 
 shell on, but on remov- 
 ing it the nut is scarcely 
 larger than a walnut. 
 
 The tiger is both savage 
 and treacherous. 
 
 These vessels have been in 
 daily use, and are now 
 worn out. 
 
 Some of the vessels are co- 
 vered with rust and ver- 
 digris, rub them well 
 every day before using 
 them. 
 
 Keep those which are in 
 daily use separate from 
 the others. 
 
 If you are not more care- 
 ful you will set the house 
 on fire. 
 
 There are between two and 
 three hundred accoutred 
 soldiers in the train. 
 
 sub kunuk dhy p hyee. 
 
 E h mundur Kalee devee da 
 hue, hor hurek vurre^^^ 
 vich myhee, hor buk- 
 reean buhote churdyan 
 muen hor j hut ka kurke 
 bhet de ee dee hue. 
 
 Uge tan o do we ukutte hor 
 sanjhee se pur roula 
 hooe thon udo udee 
 hogye. 
 
 Inan Budaman dyan giryan 
 buhoot kowryan huen. 
 
 Chil sumet, nuljer buhoot 
 wuda disda hue, pur jud 
 o chhileeda hue, tan uk- 
 not thon wuda naheen 
 nikulda. 
 
 Shere da surishta hue, 
 ki buhoot khunda hor 
 chhulya hue. 
 
 Eh bhande humeshu vur- 
 tee de g hus gye hum. 
 
 Eh bhande jingale hooe 
 hor paje hooe hun, roj roj 
 kum kurun thon puehla 
 manjya kuro. 
 
 Jere bhande vurtun wale 
 hun, ona noon doojee 
 bhande kolon udh kuro. 
 
 Jetha too see hor khubur 
 daree na kuroge tan g,hur 
 sar deoge. 
 
 Jun de nal do tun sue sipa- 
 hee kumur kusee hooe 
 jande hun. 
 
 VurrSf and ivuree, a year, are sjnonimoua. 
 
76 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 The room in which they 
 are seated will accomo- 
 date 500 guests. 
 
 Come here and assist me in 
 putting the load on my 
 head. 
 
 They are burying a body, 
 after which the friends 
 of the deceased bathe in 
 the river. 
 
 Although he concealed the 
 matter from me, one 
 of his companions disco- 
 vered, and informed me 
 of the plot. 
 
 Though unable to speak, he 
 made known by signs 
 that he was dying of hun^ 
 ger and thirst. 
 
 He represents that all his 
 relations are dead, and 
 that he is the sole sur- 
 vivor. 
 
 Although they had not met 
 for ten years> he recog* 
 nized him at once. 
 
 During the cold weather 
 the climate is delightful 
 and all sickness disap^ 
 pears. 
 
 There has been much liti- 
 gation between them 
 with respect to the field, 
 and the boundaries be- 
 tween their lands are not 
 well defined. 
 
 He represents that he is 
 helpless, as the whole 
 
 Jere kot he vich lok buet he 
 hun, oho pun sue mun- 
 
 _ ookh de laeq hue. 
 
 Oore ao eho pund sa noon 
 chooka deo sir oote. 
 
 Oho lok ek loth p,hookde 
 hun,hor siskarne demug- 
 ron, sube lok durya vich 
 usnan kurde hun. 
 
 B hulaje OS ne sat hon'^' eho 
 gul looqaee, pur od mitr 
 chhul muloom kurke sa 
 noon dus ditta. 
 
 Bhula je ode pas bolne 
 dee himmut naheen see, 
 pur synut nal dus ditta 
 ki muen b hooka thyaya 
 
 _ murda ban. 
 
 O anda hue ki sad6 sube 
 sak murgye hun, muen. 
 ukula hee ruk gya han. 
 
 Bhula je dusan wuryan 
 teek ne see milya> pur 
 jis wuqt milya one os 
 noon ose wele siyan liya. 
 
 Siyal de dinan vich huwa 
 pane buhoot chunga hue, 
 is kurke rog sub janda 
 renda hue. 
 
 Pyree de leee onan de vich, 
 buhoot jhugrahoya, pur 
 muloom hue ki wut 
 uchhee bunaee naheen. 
 
 Oakhda hi ki muen luchar 
 han, ki sara pind milke. 
 
 ^" tSathon instead of hum si, from me. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 77 
 
 village has sided against 
 
 him. 
 On an average how many 
 
 carts pass along the road 
 
 in a week ? 
 Many go but few return. 
 
 The post formerly came in 
 early in the mornings but 
 in the rainy season, in 
 consequence of the bad 
 state of the roads, it does 
 not now arrive till the 
 afternoon. 
 
 He passed the whole of his 
 life abroad. 
 
 She is his brother's wife. 
 
 Had you exercised a little 
 more patience you would 
 have succeeded. 
 
 I do not understand what 
 you have just told me, 
 repeat it again. 
 
 The rain fell so heavily 
 that every room leaks. 
 
 Let the cows be milked on 
 their return from gra- 
 zing. 
 
 He has had nothing but 
 parched peas to eat du- 
 ring the whole of the 
 journey. 
 
 He arrived in a very weak 
 state, but is now quite 
 strong. 
 
 These bricks are not half 
 burnt. 
 
 Tell him to purchase grass 
 for thatching at the same 
 
 mere nal vair rukhda 
 
 hue. 
 E'k ek uthaoje vich is rah 
 
 oote ketnee guddee da 
 
 uruj jana da hue ? 
 Jandean buhootyan huen, 
 
 pur oundean t.horean 
 
 huen. 
 Uge tan dak suvere ounde 
 
 see, pur bursat vich ruste 
 
 k hurab hone t hon loude 
 
 vele teek puhonch dee 
 
 hue. 
 
 O dee oomr sare purdes 
 _ vich lungee hue. 
 O tan odee purjaee hue. 
 Jet ha too thoree d heeruj 
 kurda, tan jit lenda. 
 
 Jeree gul too hoone dusee 
 see o mere sumuj h vich 
 naheen ayee ; p hir moo- 
 don kuro. 
 
 Meenh uesa wurda hue kl 
 sub kothe chonde huen. 
 
 Judon go w wan choog chur* 
 khe awen, tan ona da 
 doodh cho lena. 
 
 Sare sufur vich, swa k hilan 
 hor kooch khanoon ne 
 milya. 
 
 O tan boore hal pota hue 
 pur boon nuroha hue. 
 
 Eh aitan udhee suree 
 _ hooee naheen. 
 O noon akhde ki judon 
 ghore waste tooree lain 
 
78 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 time that he buys wheat 
 and straw for the horses. 
 
 There are numerous tem- 
 ples in the neighbour- 
 
 , hood of the city and 
 some have domes. 
 
 The flag staff was broken 
 during the storm. 
 
 He has not tasted food to- 
 day. 
 
 Merchants resort annually 
 to the fair, from every 
 country. 
 
 At this season of the year 
 the heat is so excessive 
 that dogs often go mad. 
 
 He has brought discredit 
 upon himself and all his 
 family. 
 
 His foot slipped whilst 
 standing on the brink of 
 the welT, and he fell in. 
 
 He has lost the whole of 
 his money. 
 
 He has lent the whole of 
 his money, and derives a 
 large sum monthly in 
 interest. 
 
 The entrance was so nar- 
 row, that the cart could 
 not enter the gate. 
 
 He was buried close to his 
 father, and a tomb has 
 been erected by his bro- 
 ther. 
 
 The tomb is built of 
 stone. 
 
 He became security for his 
 friend, and caused his 
 release. 
 
 janda hue, tan chhupur 
 
 waste punee bee le awe. 
 Shuhur da oodala buhoot 
 
 mundur hun, hor kise 
 
 kise mat h our goomtee 
 
 dej har s5neree hue. 
 Underee vich jhunde da 
 
 chur toot gya. 
 Aj o tan kooch rijuk nu- 
 
 heen khaya. 
 Mele vich hur wurre sub 
 
 des de buparee ukuthe 
 
 hoonde hun. 
 E's buhar vich uesa wut 
 
 hue ki kootte buhoote 
 _ hul kaye hojande hun. 
 O tan upne hor ghur wale- 
 
 an oote, oolama le aya. 
 
 Judon oho k hoo dee maune 
 oote krota see, tan oda 
 puer khisuk gya, hoe 
 
 ^ khoo vich dig pya. 
 
 Os da Sara mal guwaj 
 
 _ gya- 
 
 On tan upna sara mal bee- 
 ajee ditta, hor muhee 
 noon muhee noon mit- 
 tee buhoot lenda hue. 
 
 Deo dee da booha ueda 
 tung see ki rera lungne 
 
 __ sukda. 
 
 O tan upne peo de pas nup- 
 ya see, hor ode prao ne 
 eko soomad bunaee 
 hue. 
 
 Soomad puthur nal bun- 
 
 _ nee hue. 
 
 O tan upne mitr da jamin 
 hoke ch.huda ditta. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 79 
 
 A rope was fastened to the 
 
 tree, and the villagers 
 
 dragged it off the road. 
 The intelligence of his 
 
 daughter's death reached 
 
 him in 15 days. 
 It is impossible to hear 
 
 what his instructions are 
 
 whilst you talk so much. 
 
 On entering the cave a box 
 was discovered, contain- 
 ing money and jewels. 
 
 The pillars round the 
 
 temple are extremely 
 
 beautiful, and are of 
 
 marble. 
 The tree was found to be 
 
 quite hollow, and there 
 
 was not a sound part 
 
 about it. 
 The rain is falling there 
 
 whilst here there is not 
 
 a drop. 
 Give the horses occasional- 
 ly a little black salt with 
 
 their food. 
 The city is famous for its 
 
 chintzes, nearly the whole 
 
 of the inhabitants are 
 
 dyers. 
 
 The washerman represents 
 that the colors are not 
 fast, and that they will 
 fade after the first wash- 
 ing. 
 
 ^'^ Ek puJc in Punjabee corresponds with the word fortnight in 
 English. 
 
 *^* E th6, corresponding with eehan or yuhany here. 
 
 Russee rookh de oodare 
 
 bundke pind de lok 
 _ ruste t hon rair le aye. 
 Odee dhee murne dee 
 
 kliubur ode pas ek puk^"^ 
 
 vich pontee. 
 Too see lok apus vich ueda 
 
 bookwa kurde ho ki 
 
 hookm oda kes turuhan 
 
 soononge. 
 Ghoofa de undur wurke 
 
 ek sundook ditta, jis de 
 
 vich roopiye hor toombe 
 
 bhurya hoy a. 
 Jere thumme dhurm sale 
 
 de oodare hun, buhoot 
 
 sujde hun, hor subo sunk 
 
 murvur de hun. 
 Uesa muloom hoya hue ki 
 
 rook h sara pola ki kitte 
 
 nigr naheen. 
 
 Meenh othe pynda hue 
 et he^^* ek kunee ne pyn- 
 dee. 
 
 Kudde kudde ghorean 
 noon, dane de nal sela 
 loon dea kuro. 
 
 E ho shuhur cheettan kur- 
 ke buhoot mushahoor, 
 ki uksur ethe ruhnewale 
 uksur buhoote liraee 
 hun. 
 
 Chimba akhda hi, ki eda 
 rung kucha hue, puehle 
 dho nal rung janda ru- 
 hega. 
 
80 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Owing to the clearness of 
 the atmosphere, the 
 snowy range is seen dis- 
 tinctly though distant 
 100 miles. 
 
 Mountains, streams and 
 rivers are often crossed 
 by means of inflated 
 skins. 
 
 This was formerly the bed 
 of the river, but the 
 course is often changed 
 in the rainy season. 
 
 The river rose suddenly, 
 the boat struck against 
 a rock, and he lost all his 
 property. 
 
 He says that the portion 
 he has been able to reco- 
 ver is quite spoilt, and 
 that his loss is upwards 
 of 10,000 Rs. 
 
 The price varies according 
 to the quality. 
 
 The first quality is 1|, the 
 second 2|, and the third 
 3| seers per rupee. 
 
 He is the most industrious 
 man in the village, al- 
 vv^ays first up, and the 
 last to retire at night. 
 
 Take out one or two hands- 
 ful to enable me to judge 
 of the quality of each 
 load. 
 
 His brother returned after 
 
 Uet hon d houlee dhar pun- 
 jah koh hue, pur huwa 
 dee sufaeenal,nire disdee 
 hue. 
 
 Purbut dyan dharan hor 
 nuddee lok surnao oote 
 par lungdee huen. 
 
 E doon puehla et he nuddee 
 da breta see, pur bursat- 
 dean dinan vich, nuddee- 
 da wyhan oolut gay a hue. 
 
 Buhoot chaitee nal nuddee 
 churh giyee hue, beree 
 sila nal tukurke, oda sub 
 
 _ mal guwaj giya. 
 
 O ak hda hue, ki jera usbab 
 mere buch giya so bil- 
 kool khurab hogiya see, 
 hor mera nooshqan dus 
 hujar roopiye se, buhoo- 
 ta hogiya. 
 
 Juesee juesee cheez, tuesa 
 tuesa bhao. 
 
 Jeree cheez sub se chungee 
 hue dood roopiya dee 
 seer, hor doojee, dhaee 
 roopiye dee, hor teeje, 
 sade tun roopiye dee. 
 
 Sare pind t hon eh admee 
 buhoota kum kurne wala 
 hue, kyon ki suvere 
 puehla oolda hue, hor 
 rat noon pichhon soan 
 da hue. 
 
 Huek pund vichon do ek 
 book kud h leao ki jis te 
 chungee mundee cheez 
 
 _ sanoonmuloomhowegee. 
 
 Os da prao teeiui wurryan 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 81 
 
 an absence of thirty 
 years, having passed the 
 greater part of his life 
 abroad. 
 He was overcome with 
 the heat ; staggered and 
 fell. 
 
 He met with an accident 
 upon the road, by his 
 horse suddenly taking 
 fright, and running off. 
 
 Many of the Rupees were 
 counterfeit. 
 
 In this part of the country 
 there are no places of 
 accommodation for tra- 
 vellers. 
 
 He would have accom- 
 plished the work by this 
 time had not the rain 
 set in. 
 
 He pays his men according 
 to their work, those who 
 do little receive but little, 
 whilst those who work 
 hard are handsomely re- 
 warded. 
 
 He accumulated his wealth 
 by traffic and by keep- 
 ing accurate accounts. 
 
 He displayed considerable 
 accuteness at an early 
 
 mugron jooda hoya hoy a 
 moore aya, pur os dee 
 buhoot oomr budes vich 
 lung giyee hue. 
 
 Buhoote wut se o noon 
 ghurmee churh giyee, 
 hor duko dole khake dig 
 
 _ pya. 
 
 Os noon rah vich eko ufat 
 pyee oda ghora chan- 
 chuk bhuruk ke, bhuj 
 
 Roopiyan vichon buhoote 
 
 khote nikule. 
 Des de uedur kit he thanw 
 
 moosafiran de ruheen 
 
 noon naheen. 
 
 Jetha bursat na hoondee 
 tan o da kum bun jan- 
 da. 
 
 Jeha jeha^^^koee kum kurda 
 teha teha^^® tulub pounda 
 hue, jera jera munook h 
 thora thora kum kurda, 
 so tulub t horee pounda 
 hue, hor jera jera mu- 
 nookh kum buhoota kur- 
 da, so tulub buhootee 
 
 _ pounda hue. 
 
 Os tan wunj kurke hor 
 theek t heek lik ha kur- 
 ke buhoota dhun uk- 
 ut,ha keeta. 
 
 Baluk poonee vich os tan 
 buhoot chutraee dikh- 
 
 ^'* Jeha jeha, coYrcsi[)onding yvhh jucsa juesa. in Ilindoostani. 
 "^ Teha tcha, corresponding with tucsa tucsa. 
 
 n 
 
82 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 age, and succeeded in all 
 that he undertook. 
 
 He represents that he has 
 neither relations in this, 
 nor in his own country. 
 
 He left his service in order 
 to live ^Nith. his aged fa- 
 ther. 
 
 Although he speaks the 
 language of the country 
 well, one would know 
 him to be a foreigner. 
 
 You may take your choice, 
 but they are both alike. 
 
 An alliance was contracted 
 between his son and his 
 friend's daughter, which, 
 owing to a misunder- 
 standing, has subsequent- 
 ly been broken off. 
 
 The misunderstanding a- 
 rose in a dispute about 
 some land; an equal share 
 was afterwards allotted 
 to each, and they became 
 reconciled. 
 
 Although tke Rupees were 
 not actually counterfeit, 
 there appeared to be a 
 great deal of alloy. 
 
 The astrologers foretold that 
 there would be an 
 eclipse of the moon, and 
 their almanacs are usual- 
 ly very correct. 
 
 In that part of the country 
 the Brahmins are held in 
 
 laee, hor jere jere kum 
 noon huth lounda sohee 
 
 _ sour janda. 
 
 O anda hue, ki sada na 
 es des sak, na wutun 
 
 _ vich. 
 
 On tan ise kurke noukuree 
 ch hud dittee, ki peo nal 
 ruhna kyanki ode oomr 
 wudee see. 
 
 B hula je oho es des dee 
 bolee buhoot chungee 
 bolda hue, tan bee janee 
 da hue ki purdesee hue. 
 
 Jeree twadee pusund howe 
 so loho purdowe eko jiha 
 
 _ huen. 
 
 O de pootr da hor ode mitr 
 dee dhee da sak hoya 
 see, pur onan vich j.hu- 
 gra hoke hut giya. 
 
 Onan da jhugra jumeen 
 budle see, pur o doon 
 pich he, jumeen wundee 
 giyee, hor o dowe rajee 
 hogiye. 
 
 Bhula je roopiye theek 
 k hotah naheen, pur bu- 
 hoot ruleedar hue. 
 
 Pundit uge hee akhde se 
 ki chund noon gruhun 
 lugega, hor onan dee 
 putree buboot suchee 
 hue. 
 
 Des de odur ruhun wale 
 Brahmin an noon buhoot 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 S3 
 
 great veneration, and are 
 supported by the volun- 
 tary contributions and 
 alms of those who resort 
 to the temple. 
 
 The ponies in that part of 
 the country are very 
 strong, and, at an ambling 
 pace, accomplish great 
 journeys in the course of 
 a very short time. 
 
 He has secured the regard 
 of all by his amiable con- 
 duct towards those with 
 whom he transacted bu- 
 siness. 
 
 Amulets are worn by old 
 and young in this coun- 
 try, and are supposed to 
 avert evil. 
 
 Many customs of their fore- 
 fathers are adhered to in 
 the present day. 
 
 There are many traditions 
 regarding the city, which 
 is a very ancient one. 
 
 There is much animosity 
 between the two sects, 
 and they seldom meet 
 without some display of 
 hostile feeling towards 
 each other. 
 
 The inhabitants of this 
 part of the country often 
 expose themselves du- 
 ring the heat of the day ; 
 
 munde huen, hor onan 
 da goojara ues turuh 
 hoonda hue, ki jere lok 
 mundur vich jande huen, 
 so ona noon buhoot din- 
 de huen. 
 Des de os turuf tattoo 
 buhoot tukre hun, hor 
 rouhal chal kurke, t hore 
 cheer vich buhoot door 
 jande hun. 
 
 Je de^^^ nal oda kooch gou 
 
 . hue subna nal huleemee 
 hor ruseelee rukh da 
 hue, ise waste subbe lok 
 oda haito kurde huen. 
 
 E's des vich, wude hor 
 ch,hote sub tuweet ^^^ 
 rukh de huen isee su- 
 muj h pur, ki nooshqan 
 ne hoonda. 
 
 Inan dinan vich, lok upne 
 wudeean dee reet hor 
 chal buhoot kurde hun. 
 
 Shuhurdee buhoot kuha- 
 nee hue, ise kurke ki 
 shuhur moodamee hue. 
 
 Doan jatan vich buhoote 
 killush hue, ki jud mil- 
 de hun, tud kee bina 
 rouleon ne hut de. 
 
 Des de uedur de lok 
 dhoop vich buhoot p hir 
 de hun, otan sir buhoot 
 moon ounde hun, hor nale 
 
 ^" Je dSf instead of jis Ice. 
 
 238 Xuweet, corruption of tdweeZy a charm. 
 
84 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 they shave and anoint 
 their heads, but wear 
 neither turban nor co- 
 vering of any kind. 
 
 Great difficulties are usu- 
 ally overcome by labor 
 and application. 
 
 The ascetics of this coun- 
 try practice the greatest 
 austerities, and torture 
 their bodies in various 
 ways, some wanderabout 
 with their bodies cover- 
 ed with ashes, some are 
 speechless, whilst others 
 have lost the entire use 
 of an arm, by keeping it 
 in one posture for seve- 
 ral years. 
 
 He entered the 2nd gate 
 of the town, and was then 
 taken prisoner. 
 
 The fort was taken after 
 the third day of the 
 siege. 
 
 He was struck with a ball, 
 and fell fainting to the 
 ground ; his father, see- 
 ing him fall, took him 
 up in his arms and car- 
 ried him off. 
 
 She has obtained an in- 
 crease of ten Rupees 
 pay monthly. 
 
 There is a deep ditch on all 
 sides of the fort. 
 
 Had he remained a mo- 
 ment longer he would 
 have been blown up. 
 
 He went out early in the 
 
 tel buhoot moulde hun, 
 pur pug nal jan kupre 
 nal sir ne dhuk de. 
 
 Meenut kiye se, hor urthee 
 hoe se, jera kum kuthin 
 hue, so ho pynda hue. 
 
 E s des de uteet hor tup- 
 usee buhoot kurraraee 
 kurde hun, hor upne 
 pinde noon buhoot dook h 
 dende hun, koee koee 
 bhuboot mulke phirde 
 hun, hor koee koee choop 
 keete hee, goonge hooe, 
 phirde huen, hor koee 
 koee banh k huree kurke 
 kiyeewurryan teekruk,h 
 de, ki jis kurke phir 
 
 _ ootur dee naheen. 
 
 O shuhur dee doojee deo- 
 dee vich lung giya, tan 
 dhuk hogiya. 
 
 Teeje din de hulle pich hon 
 qilla jit liya. 
 
 Golee o noon lugee, otan 
 ghush khake dig piya; 
 oda peo o noon diga 
 vekhke, upnee jhupee 
 vich le giya. 
 
 O dee tulub dus roopiye 
 vudeek hogiyee. 
 
 Qile de chufereek doongee 
 
 k haee hue. 
 Jet han o rutte bee chair 
 
 lounda, tan barood nal 
 _ ood h janda. 
 O tan chilange oot hke giya 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 m 
 
 morning to join the army, 
 but has not seen a single 
 horseman. 
 
 He has entered into a con- 
 tract to supply the whole 
 army with grain. 
 
 The man who deserted 
 yesterday had a 
 mole on his cheek 
 
 large 
 
 He has scars on his back, 
 knee, and shin bone. 
 
 Let each witness be exa- 
 mined separately. 
 
 The fraud was not discover- 
 ed till the next day, and 
 he has escaped appre- 
 hension. 
 
 He says he has lost 200 
 rupees worth of jewels. 
 
 The thieves came in open 
 day, tied the camel 
 man's hands behind his 
 back, and, after binding 
 him to a tree, carried off 
 the whole of the camels. 
 
 A trooper who saw the oc- 
 currence drew a pistol 
 from his holsters, shot 
 one of the thieves, and 
 recovered the camels. 
 
 Though he denies it, it 
 was proved on evidence 
 that he aided and abetted 
 the thieves in making 
 good their escape. 
 
 fouj noon milun waste, 
 pur eko churha uswar 
 
 _ bee ne milya. 
 
 On tan chookawa keeta 
 hue, ki muen saree fouj 
 noon anaj deoonga. 
 
 Jera munookh kul bhuj 
 giya see, odee sujhee 
 gul oote wuda mouka 
 
 _ hue. 
 
 Oda dagh kumror vich 
 hor gode oote, hor pin- 
 ^unee vich. 
 
 E k ek oogah noon, ud ho 
 udhee kurke pooch lo. 
 
 Oda chhul dooje din teek 
 muloom ne see hoya, os 
 kurke otan p^hur noon 
 _ buch giya. 
 
 O anda hue ki sade do seu 
 roopyan da g haina guwaj 
 pya hue. 
 
 Dine dharawee aye hor 
 ootan wale, dyan moos- 
 qan deke rookh de nal 
 bun giye, hor suboot le 
 
 E k uswar ode uhwal dek h- 
 da see upne boke vich- 
 on tumachu kudhke ek 
 dharawee noon golee 
 maree, hor sub oot mor 
 le aya. 
 
 Bhula jethan o mooqur da 
 hue, pur oogahan te sub- 
 oot hoonda hue, ki chor- 
 an de bujoun noon os ne 
 suhayuta dittee. 
 
86 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Three men were concerned 
 in the robbery, but two 
 only were apprehended, 
 the third absconded. 
 
 The lock was broken, and, 
 on further examination, 
 it was discovered that 
 fifty rupees had been ab- 
 stracted from the box. 
 
 His own servant was also an 
 accessory to the robbery. 
 
 One of the thieves was ap- 
 prehended on the spot, 
 but his accomplice effect- 
 ed his escape. 
 
 He was waylayed by three 
 armed men, who knocked 
 him down, and then 
 robbed him of all he 
 possessed. 
 
 This is as well as the form- 
 er season has been so un- 
 favorable that he has been 
 ruined. 
 
 In this country grain is 
 usually ground with the 
 hand mill. 
 
 The stalks of wheat are 
 higher this year than 
 has ever been known. 
 
 In consequence of the 
 scarcity of rain and the 
 apprehension of famine, 
 the corn dealers have 
 raised the price of all 
 kinds of grain. 
 
 Tun munookh choree vich 
 burabur se, pur dohee 
 p,hure giye. 
 
 Teeja^^^munookhlooqgiya. 
 
 Jundra tan toot giya sa 
 hor o don pich he muloom 
 hoya, ki sundooq vichon 
 punjah roopiyu kudhe 
 
 Choree vich oda noukur 
 bee, sanj hee hue. 
 
 Choran vichon ot,he hee 
 eko phur liya, pur oda 
 sanj hee b,haj giya. 
 
 Rah vich os noon tun mun- 
 ookh shustree budhe 
 hooe^*^ mil pye, tan o 
 noon deg ditta hor jera 
 oda usbab see sub loot 
 16 giye. 
 
 E s buhar hor pichle buhar 
 uedee khurab, ki oho 
 vuran hogya. 
 
 E s des vich unaj chuck kee 
 nal peen de huen. 
 
 E s wurre vich kunuk de 
 sitte, uede oochhe hun- 
 ki uge uede kudhee ne 
 hooe. 
 
 Meenh thora pyn thon 
 hor qal da wuswas kurke 
 kurar lok sub turan de 
 unaj da b hao g huta den- 
 de huen. 
 
 *^' Teejd, instead of teesra, third. 
 
 ^*° Budhe hoo6 instead of bandhe hoo6. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 87 
 
 There is but little cultiva- 
 tion in this part of the 
 country, for miles the 
 ground is barren. 
 
 Great labour is necessary 
 in preparing the ground 
 for the seed. 
 
 The sowing season has now 
 arrived. 
 
 The inhabitants of this part 
 of the country have on 
 other occupation but that 
 of cultivating ground. 
 
 The soil about this part of 
 the country is very rich, 
 sugar cane, indigo, as 
 well as the poppy a- 
 bound. 
 
 In the lowlands rice is cul- 
 tivated, and during the 
 rainy season the fields 
 are all under water. 
 
 The cotton plant is chiefly 
 cultivated in that part of 
 the country. 
 
 The appearance on this 
 side of the river is very 
 fertile, and fine trees 
 abound. 
 
 The cultivation throughout 
 the country is but scan- 
 ty, except in the low 
 lands adjacent to the 
 river. 
 
 There is but little arable 
 
 Des de es kunee, hulwaee 
 
 t horee hoondee hue, ku- 
 
 yee kohan teek jumeen 
 
 oojar hue. 
 Jumeen beejun waste bu- 
 
 hoot meenut loree dee 
 
 hue. 
 Hoon beejun dee buhara 
 
 giyee hue. 
 Bina hulwaee es des de 
 
 ruhne wale,hor koeekum 
 
 naheen kurde. 
 
 E's des dee ueda bhoen 
 chungee hue, ki os vich 
 koomad h, ikh neel hor 
 post buhoot hoonda hue. 
 
 Jite jumeen nee wee huen 
 uksur othe jhond hor 
 dhaeen khetee hoondee 
 hue, hor bursat vich sub- 
 ne pyryan vich panee 
 renda hi. 
 
 Des dee os wul uksur koo- 
 pa^" buhootee hoondee 
 hue. 
 
 Duryaon orar jumeen dee 
 shukl buhoot chungee 
 hue, hor wude wude 
 rookh huen. 
 
 Sare des vich khetee buhoot 
 thoree hoondee hue, pur 
 durya de mood, juhan 
 dhur tee neewee hue, 
 othe buhoot hoondee 
 hue. 
 
 Des de odur vugar hor sur 
 
 Koopa, corruption of Icupa. 
 
88 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 land in that part of the 
 country. 
 
 Is every thing ready ? 
 
 The village people say that 
 no supplies are procur- 
 able at the next stage. 
 
 Procure all that may be 
 necessary from the vil- 
 lage situated about a mile 
 from camp. 
 
 The river has risen so 
 much since yesterday, 
 that it will be impossible 
 to cross it without a 
 boat. 
 
 Let every thing be ready 
 to cross over the river 
 this evening. 
 
 Some of the boats have 
 platforms for camels, 
 horses, and carts. 
 
 The camels are so heavily 
 laden, that half of them 
 have sore backs. 
 
 The boats are all on the 
 opposite side and not 
 one on this. 
 
 During the storm every 
 plank of the boat creak- 
 ed. 
 
 The men were dying of 
 thirst owing to the scar- 
 city of water, in future let 
 a water carrier attend 
 each Company on the 
 march. 
 
 During the storm many of 
 the boats got a drift and 
 
 jumeen ghut hoondee 
 
 hue. 
 Sub cheezan tiyar huen ? 
 Pind de lok akde huen ki 
 
 doojee mujul vich rust 
 
 naheen milnee. 
 Jera pind kumpoo thon 
 
 udh koh pure hue, jeree 
 
 cheez othon chahiye, 
 
 so munga lo. 
 Kul durya ueda churhya 
 
 hue, ki bina beree admee 
 
 te, par ne jaya jauda. 
 
 Kliuburdar takalan de 
 vele par jana hue, sub 
 cheezan jereanloree dee- 
 an huen ukuthyan ru- 
 kho. 
 
 Kisee kisee beree de vich 
 buhoot put h huen jes de 
 oote, ghore, hor rere 
 churh jande huen. 
 
 Ais turuh oot lude huen 
 ki udhyan de pith lug 
 giyee hue. 
 
 Sub berean durya on par 
 huen, orar eko naheen. 
 
 Uneree vich here de sub 
 put,h cheek de se. 
 
 Panee bina lok t hyae mur- 
 de se uedoon uge ek ek 
 mujul vich Company de 
 nal ek ek mashukee sat h 
 jaya kure. 
 
 Un deree vich buhootean 
 beryan roore giyeyan hor 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 were carried down with 
 great violence by the 
 stream. 
 
 He was detained several 
 hours by one of the ar- 
 ches of the bridge hav- 
 ing broken down, owing 
 to the violence of the 
 stream after the heavy 
 rain which fell yesterday. 
 
 In former years a tax was 
 levied upon all travellers 
 who crossed over the 
 ferry, but it is now abo- 
 lished. 
 
 hur de nel, buhoot jor 
 nal jan dean huen. 
 
 O noon kueee ghurryan 
 teek chair lug giya ise 
 kurke ki kul meenh bu- 
 hoot pya see, tan pool da 
 ek j hare toot giya. 
 
 Pichle wurrean vich put- 
 tun oote praonyan de lun- 
 gouun waste musool 
 lugda see, pur boon hut 
 giya hue. 
 
 CONTINUATION OF THE LATE DR. GILCHRIST'S DIALOGUES. 
 
 Travelling, 
 
 We must not commence 
 such a journey without 
 beingprovidedwithevery 
 thing necessary for com- 
 fort, few of which are to 
 be procured on the way. 
 
 As we travel by land we 
 must have every thing 
 well packed to guard 
 against all accidents, 
 which occur frequently 
 by the carelessness of 
 servants independent of 
 those common to all tra- 
 vellers. 
 
 Both to avoid expense and 
 inconvenience we must 
 
 Jeree cheez loree dee hue 
 k hater jumu laee, so bina 
 OS cheez thon, sufur na 
 kuren, ise kurke ki rah 
 vich ghut hut h oundee 
 hue. 
 
 Ussee tan toorange sook h 
 pooke rah hoe ues kurke 
 jereean ufatan, nuokuran 
 dee ghafilee nal pyndee- 
 an huen, sugon hor afut 
 ki subna mooshafiran 
 oote pyndee hue, so loree 
 da hue, ki ode hutdun 
 waste subna cheez anoon 
 suwarke bunake uchhee 
 turuh bun le. 
 
 Khurch hor ookhyaee hu- 
 
 ~toun waste, eho loree da 
 
90 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 reduce our baggage to as 
 , small a quantity as possi- 
 ble. 
 
 Let us consult him, he has 
 travelled much both by 
 land and water in this 
 country, and will give us 
 assistance. 
 
 You do not advert to the 
 necessity of applying for 
 orders to pass your car- 
 riages, &c. at the different 
 stations. 
 
 This will occasion a delay 
 of two days at least. 
 
 This road, though shortest, 
 is in general much infest- 
 ed by robbers. I think 
 we ought to go by the 
 other, and even then a 
 small guard is absolutely 
 necessary. 
 
 Is the wine and the other 
 packages that were sent 
 here in the morning pro- 
 perly packed and put in 
 the carts ? 
 
 There are people now em- 
 ployed in doing so ; you 
 had better see yourself 
 that it is well done. 
 
 On the journey the loss of 
 the wine would be a 
 
 hue, ki cheez wust him- 
 mut bhur jitne ho hun- 
 ghe, so ona noon ghut 
 kuren. 
 
 ChulD ona nal humayut 
 waste sulah kuriye ise 
 kurke ki ona ne sookh 
 gildee mooshafiree bu- 
 hoot keetee hue, so sa- 
 noon bee suhaiyuta ku- 
 runge. 
 
 Upne an guddeean, hor hor 
 na cheezan sumyt ki je- 
 reeanhurmooqam toorun 
 waste loree deean hun, so 
 ona cheezan de rah daree 
 de purwane de too k hyal 
 ne keeta. 
 
 Is kumleee juroor do din- 
 an da cheer lugaga hor 
 do dinan thon bina 
 cheer g hut ne howega. 
 
 Bhula je eh rah tan juroor 
 nire hue, pur chor te 
 buhoot pynde hun, so 
 loree das hue ki dooje 
 raha tooriye hor tan bee 
 pyhre waste do char 
 munookh nal ly leee. 
 
 Shurabhorgundryanjereean 
 suvere gjiulyan hue sun, 
 so re rean oote uchhee 
 turah suwarke bun leee- 
 an huen ? 
 
 Hoontan lok ese kum noon 
 luge hun, pur chunga 
 ehe hue ki too see ap 
 chulke vekh lo ho ki oho 
 uchhee turankurde hun. 
 
 Shurab de guwa chunda, 
 jan nooshqan hon da. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 91 
 
 very serious one, and one 
 not easily remedied. 
 
 These people, in place of 
 exerting themselves, are 
 all asleep in the veranda. 
 
 So many of the servants 
 ought to go on with the 
 breakfasting tent, and the 
 others remain with the 
 dining tent. 
 
 By sending one tent on in 
 the evening to the next 
 stage, we can have break- 
 fast as soon as we arrive. 
 
 The dining tent in which 
 we sleep, can seldom 
 come up till the day is 
 far advanced. 
 
 The sentinel must be very 
 circumspect at night, 
 otherwise we shall cer- 
 tainly be robbed. 
 
 Let the carriages and cattle 
 be brought to one place 
 before it gets dark and 
 put under the charge of 
 the watchman. 
 
 We must halt one day in 
 every week, or even more 
 should the stages be long, 
 to relieve the people and 
 cattle. 
 
 idee ufat hoondee hue, ki 
 jis da ullaj hor joogut 
 suwarun dee, phir ne 
 hoondee. 
 E lok mihnut hor kar kur- 
 unde budle dulan vich, 
 soote rende hun. 
 
 Uetune tyleee tan shah ve- 
 la shakun de tumboo nal 
 jaenge hor loree da hue, 
 ki rende tyhul wale pur- 
 sad shukun wale tumboo 
 nal janun. 
 
 Loude vele ek tumboo 
 ugon olee torya hoya, 
 ugle mujil waste chunga 
 hue, ki ues joogut kurke 
 poch de he ussee, shah 
 vela shukange. 
 
 Hor pursad shukun wala 
 tumboo jis vich ussee 
 soande han, so pich,lie 
 oho uksur wude din 
 churhe teek nuheen pu- 
 honchda. 
 
 Loree da hue, ki pyhre dar 
 hosh nal tukre hoke ruhe 
 nuheen tan juroor ju- 
 rooran sada mal choraya 
 jaega. 
 
 Und hera hon t hon puehlan 
 lor eeda hue, ki sube 
 bould uk utile kurke eke 
 thanw pyhre da noon 
 somp ke, bun de. 
 
 Munookhan hor bouldan 
 de sookh leee, juroor 
 loree da hue ki uth roje 
 vich ek mooqam kuren, 
 jet^han mujil buhootee 
 kururree howe tan hor 
 bee mooqam kurna. 
 
92 
 
 t^UNJAfeEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 All large towns we ought 
 to avoid as much as pos- 
 sible, to prevent our 
 people from deserting 
 through fear^ 
 
 Desire thfe people always 
 to pitch the tents near 
 water, and if possible 
 under trees. 
 
 What district is this village 
 in and who is the magis- 
 trate of it ? 
 
 How very highly cultivat- 
 ed the country is through 
 which we passed to day ? 
 
 I fear we shall have much 
 trouble in passing our 
 baggage across the river 
 to-morrow by the ferry. 
 
 What a delightful situation 
 this is ; let us halt here a 
 day or two. 
 
 Enquire in that village 
 whether there be any 
 game in the neighbour- 
 hood. 
 
 This man says there is 
 game of all kinds very 
 near, but that it is dan- 
 gerous going near the 
 wood, on account of the 
 number of tigers in it. 
 
 They seldom carry off any 
 of the people, but hardly 
 a night passes during 
 which the cattle do not 
 suffer. 
 
 Loree da hue ki upnee him- 
 mut hoondee rah de 
 wude wude graon bucha 
 bucha ke ch hud de ki jis 
 kurke lok durke bhtij 
 na jahun. 
 
 Tyhle wale anoon sumj ha 
 deo ki tumboo humesh- 
 an panee de bunne lou- 
 un hor jet ban ho hum- 
 ghe tan rookhan de ole 
 laya kuruu; 
 E h pind kere illaqe da hue 
 hor eda hakum kera hue ? 
 
 Jis jumeen da ussee uj sy- 
 hul kurke aye han, so os 
 jumeen oote kuesee soo- 
 raeen hue ^ 
 
 Muen dur da han ki b hulke 
 usbab duryao lungouun 
 noon, puttiin oote bu- 
 hootee ookhyaee hogoo. 
 
 Eh t hanw kuesa sona hue ; 
 ethe t hanw do tun din 
 
 _ tnooqam kurange. 
 
 Os pind de an lokan thon 
 verwar loho ki es pind 
 de oodale koee mar hue. 
 
 E h munook h ak hda hue ki 
 pind de kol nire nire 
 maran buhooteean huen, 
 pur j hang hor j hal vich 
 janda buhoot durhue,ise 
 kurke ki shere buhoot 
 rende huen. 
 
 E"h tan shere munookhan 
 noon ghut le jande hun, 
 pur ek rat bee ne pyndee 
 ki jis rat bould jan my- 
 han nuheen le jande. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 93 
 
 Tell the proprietor of the 
 village to send some of 
 his people in the evening 
 to beat up the game for 
 us. 
 
 Don't allow these people to 
 dress their victuals so 
 near the tent, we are^al- 
 most stifled with the 
 smoke. 
 
 Take care that every thing 
 is paid for, and that no 
 violence be used against 
 the villagers. 
 
 Should there be any com- 
 plaints made, and you be 
 giiilty, you shall certain- 
 ly be punished severely. 
 
 We have had very good 
 sport indeed, and not 
 much fatigue. 
 
 Tell the people we shall 
 halt here to-morrow> and 
 let them provide them- 
 selves with what may 
 be necessary from the 
 village, as there will be 
 ho halt again for some 
 time. 
 
 You had better not ride 
 to-morrow, as your horse 
 must be fatigued with 
 the long marches we 
 have lately made. 
 
 Are the elephants and 
 camels properly attended 
 to and fed. 
 
 It is always difficult after 
 one day's halt ever to set 
 
 Pind de painch noon sudke 
 akhde ki tukalan noon 
 ek do admee ghul de sa- 
 da leee mar chookun 
 waste. 
 
 Ina noon, ak h deo ki tum- 
 boo de mood roteean na 
 pukowun, kid,hoo nal 
 sada sail bund ho janda* 
 
 Uchhee turuh khuburdai* 
 ho ki subna cheezan da 
 mol de deho hor kisee 
 turan pindean lokan oote 
 d,huka na howe. 
 
 Jetha tere oote kisee turail 
 furyud howe, hor tera 
 tuqseer sabut howej tan 
 kururre nuseehut paw^ 
 6nga. 
 
 Theek sa noon shikat 
 uch ha lub ha hor t hukie^ 
 wan ghut churhya hue. 
 
 Lokan noon akhde o kl 
 bhulke, uethe mooqam 
 kurenge hor jereean 
 cheezan loree deean hun> 
 so ethon lai lain uese 
 kurke ki kiyeean dinaii 
 teek mooqam phir ne 
 hoya. 
 
 Chunga eho hue, ki bhul^ 
 ke too uswaree na kure 
 kyoon ki wudeean wu- 
 deean mujilan nal ghora 
 tera thuk gya hoga. 
 
 Hutheean hor ootan noon, 
 
 dane ate, dee tyhul hoi" 
 
 ^khuburdareekeetee hue. 
 
 Ek bee mooqam kurke 
 p,hir torna inan lokan 
 
94 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 the people going as 
 usual, therefore let us 
 avoid stopping except 
 when necessary. 
 How many stages is that 
 
 town from this ? 
 We must have a guide to 
 show us the road through 
 this woody country. 
 What amazing numbers of 
 peacocks, partridges, and 
 other game we saw to- 
 day. From never being 
 disturbed they are very 
 tame. 
 Let us go and look at the 
 celebrated mosque in the 
 evening. 
 
 The people and cattle seem 
 to be all much fatigued 
 to-day, on account of the 
 heat. 
 
 There is a storm coming on, 
 see that the tent pins and 
 ropes are all secured, 
 and the trunks, &c. be 
 placed under the tent to 
 leeward. 
 
 How different a climate 
 this is from that which 
 we left three weeks ago, 
 the mornings are now 
 really cold. 
 
 Before we reach our jour- 
 ney's end, we shall be 
 much more sensible of 
 
 noon buhootoukhur hue, 
 so loree da hue ki bina 
 juroor mooqam na kur- 
 na. 
 
 O pind uethon ketneean 
 mujilan door hue ? 
 
 E s jungul de des vich eko 
 rah dusun waste sa noon 
 sooa loree da hue. 
 
 Ues kurke ki kisee ne du- 
 raye ooraye naheen tan 
 ketne mor, hor tithur,hor 
 hor shikar uj vekhun 
 vich aye huen. 
 
 Uj tukalan noon jeree mu- 
 seet mushahoor hue, so 
 ussee vekhun waste ja- 
 hange. 
 
 Deeda hue ki gurmee 
 kurke munookh, hor pu- 
 soo sub t,huke hooehuen. 
 
 Dekho, ki undheree 
 wudee oundee hue, tum- 
 boo de kile hor russe 
 tukre kurke bun lo, hor 
 sube sundook tumboo de 
 ole rukhdeo. 
 
 Dek ho, jis jugeh noon tun 
 uthroje hoye ne chhu- 
 dee noon, so os thanw 
 nalon es thanw da panee 
 hor wao vich ketna furq 
 hue, such janne da hue 
 ki suver noon pala mu- 
 loom hoonda hue. 
 
 Pichhle mujil puhoon 
 chun th5n puehlan sur- 
 dee buhoot kurruree 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 9S 
 
 it, I observed a little ice 
 on the water to-day. 
 
 What lofty building is that 
 which appears on the 
 left? 
 
 Some village people have 
 come to complain that 
 our servants have des- 
 troyed a whole field of 
 sugar cane, and that they 
 will not give its value. 
 
 We must, to deter them in 
 future, punish them se- 
 verely, besides making 
 them pay a proper price. 
 
 The groom says the horse 
 requires being shod, and 
 that the back of one of 
 the camels is much gall- 
 ed, to defend which his 
 keeper wants a piece of 
 blanket. 
 
 At an average of fourteen 
 miles a day, we shall 
 reach our destination in 
 fourteen days, allowing 
 two halts. 
 
 Have you sent for guides 
 and watchmen from the 
 village, as this country is 
 notorious for thieves, and 
 by giving our baggage in 
 charge to these people 
 the renter of the coun- 
 try becomes responsible 
 for it. 
 
 I have travelled much and 
 
 muloon howegee uj us- 
 san suvere panee oote 
 t hora kukoor jumya hoya 
 
 _ ditta see. 
 
 O keree oochee etaree hue, 
 jeree qub^he huth dee 
 dee hue ? 
 
 Pind de kyee lok furyad 
 kurun noon aye hun, hor 
 nkh de hun, ki twade 
 tyhulye ne koomad h dee 
 pyree oojar dittee hue, 
 hor OS da mol bee nu- 
 heen denda. 
 
 Ki jis kurke uedoon uga- 
 han uesa kum na kuren 
 tan ona noon khururee 
 nusheeut de ho hor pyree 
 de wajibee mol duwa de. 
 
 Ghore da tyhleea ak,hda 
 hue ki ghore de pyr da 
 ek tundal ookhur gya 
 hue, hor ek oot dee kum 
 ror luggyee hue, so ode 
 buchoun waste ek loee 
 deo takee loree dee hue. 
 
 Sutan sutan, kohan dee 
 mujil kurke hor do moo- 
 qam bee kurke, ussee 
 choudah dinannoonothe 
 ponch ange. 
 
 Too choukeedaran hor sooe 
 noon sudke upna usbab 
 somp ditta hue, ise kur- 
 ke ki is des vich dhara- 
 wee buhoot rende hun, 
 hor usbab painch de hu- 
 wale kur di he tan ehe 
 lok, jirwab diho huen. 
 
 Muen tan buhoot sara su- 
 
96 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 never yet lost any thing 
 except by carelessness. 
 
 Prepare two frames for 
 tatties for the doors of 
 the tents, and let them be 
 as light as possible. 
 
 What with the dust and 
 length of our march, I 
 am more fatigued to-day 
 than I have yet been, and 
 my head aches violently ? 
 
 To avoid expense let us 
 send the cattle into the 
 country, where they can 
 be kept at a much less 
 monthly expense than 
 here. 
 
 The carts and bullocks we 
 ought to sell, and reduce 
 our travelling establish- 
 ment of servants. 
 
 See if the tents are properly 
 packed up or not after 
 being well dried, and let 
 them be put up in some 
 place where the rats may 
 not be able to destroy 
 them. 
 
 Have you paid all the peo- 
 ple their wages? Take care 
 that you have done so 
 fairly, or I shall certainly 
 turn you off. 
 
 The furniture will arrive 
 
 fur keeta hue, so bina 
 ghafilee t,hon mera ku- 
 dhe usbabnuheen guwa- 
 ta. 
 
 Tumboo de boohe dee do 
 tutteean da thath tyar 
 kur hor jitna tython ho 
 hunghe mihnut bhur 
 houla kur. 
 
 Gurd hor wudee mujil 
 kurke muen uesa thuka 
 han ki uedoon pichhe 
 ueda kudhee nuheen 
 thuka hor nale mere sir 
 kururee peer hoondee 
 hue? 
 
 Khurch thora kurun waste 
 
 "^pussooa noon bahur dee 
 pindee ghul deho jis 
 kurke es thanw nalon 
 ot he khurch ghut howe- 
 ga. 
 
 Loreeda hue ki guddeean 
 hor boul dan noon vech 
 deho hor jere wudeek 
 sufur wale tyleee huen 
 so ona noon huta deho. 
 
 Sookun de mugron subna 
 tumbooan noon yekh 
 lo ki uchhee turuh 
 budhe hun hor kisee 
 uesee thanw rukh deho 
 ki jit he choohe na kha 
 jaen.' 
 
 Too subna lokan noon tu- 
 lub de dittee hue ? khu- 
 burdar too lekha theek 
 t,heek keeta hue, nuheen 
 tan, muen tue noon phu 
 juwab de oonga. 
 
 Thorean dinan vich beree 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 97 
 
 by water in a few days, 
 in the mean time we must 
 manage with our travel- 
 ling equipage. 
 Allow the people to rest 
 for some days. 
 
 Going upon the river. 
 
 Send a person to the dif- 
 ferent ferries where boats 
 generally lie, and should 
 he find a convenient one 
 of about 16 oars, let him 
 bring the person who has 
 the charge of it. 
 
 Is your boat and are your 
 people ready to go a voy- 
 age of six weeks to such 
 a place ? 
 
 We wish to leave this in 
 four days if every thing 
 can be got ready. 
 
 Go to the Custom House 
 and get passes for the 
 baggage immediately. 
 
 See that the boat be quite 
 clean, then lay the mats. 
 
 What is the hire of such 
 a boat per month ? 
 
 Ask the boat man whether 
 the river be yet open or 
 must we go by the Soon- 
 durbun ? This will occa- 
 
 oote sireejan an ponch 
 ega, odon teek jera usbab 
 sufur da hue, so oho, 
 wurtoge. 
 Subna lokan noon koojh 
 dinan teek sookh kutun 
 de. 
 
 Bury a d4 vich vich toorna. 
 
 Admee subna puttun an 
 oote ghul deo jithe be- 
 reean juroor ifendeean 
 huen, hor veleean beree- 
 an vek h ke jeree soluh 
 chuppean walee ho we 
 so OS de mullah ode mil 
 leao. 
 
 Teree beree hor tere mulla- 
 ha tyar huen, chean uth 
 rojeean da durya da sy- 
 hul kurum noon ? 
 
 Ussee chahoun d^ han ki 
 jet ban sube cheezan tyar 
 hon tan chouun denan 
 vich es thanw nooii 
 chhud jayee. 
 
 Puchoturee de ghurjake, 
 jera purwannu rah daree 
 waste loree da hue, so 
 lyao. 
 
 Yek h ly ki beree chungee 
 chittee liowe tan ode oote 
 suf vichao. 
 
 Uehee jihee beree waste 
 muheene da ketna bhara 
 hoonda hue ? 
 
 Mullah noon poochly, ki 
 durya da panee churhya 
 hue ki naheen, nuheen 
 tan Soondurbun thanw- 
 
 P 
 
98 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 sion a material difference 
 in the length of our voy- 
 age. 
 
 At which hour does the 
 tide serve to go up the 
 river to-day ? 
 
 As soon as the tide serves, 
 let the boat be taken 
 above the shipping to 
 such a passage, where 
 we will embark in the 
 evening. 
 
 Two horse boats will like- 
 wise be necessary, and 
 tell the groom to take 
 care that the boats are 
 properly fitted up for 
 receiving the horses. 
 
 Have you sent a sufficient 
 quantity of provender 
 on board for the horses? 
 
 Take care they do not get 
 lamed while putting 
 them into the boats. 
 
 The wind is now fair, and 
 should it continue so, we 
 shall reach such a place 
 in the evening. 
 
 een hoke jana ? Hooogoo 
 hor odur jaun noon bu- 
 hoot wul paoogoo, hor 
 cheer buhoot lugoogoo. 
 
 Ussan tan durya de churh 
 de noon jana hue, so kis 
 vele OS pase noon oolt ke 
 wugoogoo ? 
 
 Jis vele panee churhde 
 noon wugega tan os vele 
 beree puttun oote le ja- 
 nee, hor ussee tukalun 
 o noon beree c hurh jaw- 
 ange. 
 
 Hor g,horean waste do 
 bereean loreedeean huen, 
 so g,hore de tyhleean 
 noon ak,h ki bereean de 
 put h uch hee turuh buna 
 le jinan oote g hoore chur- 
 henge. 
 
 Too ghorean de waste ata 
 dana jitna ona noon loree 
 da hue otna ghul ditta 
 hue? 
 
 Too tukre rehna ki beree 
 oote churhouun luge 
 koee ghora lunga na 
 hojawe. 
 
 Hoon tan wao uchhee 
 wugdee hue, hor isee 
 turan tukulan teek 
 wugegee tan chete upur 
 paenge. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES, 
 
 99 
 
 QUESTIONS HAVING REFERENCE TO MEDICAL SUBJECTS. 
 
 How long have you been 
 
 ill? 
 When did your sickness 
 
 commence ? 
 Let me feel your pulse ; piit 
 
 out your tongue ; are 
 
 you any better to-day? 
 
 Have you pain in your 
 head, in the back, in the 
 chest, loins, or in the 
 joints ? 
 
 Have you any pain on ta- 
 king a full breath? 
 
 Have you much cough? 
 Do you expectorate freely? 
 Do your limbs ache much? 
 
 Have you lost your appe- 
 tite entirely ? 
 Are you very thirsty ? 
 
 Have you nausea, or in- 
 clination to vomit ? 
 Is your digestion good ? 
 
 Is the belly painful and 
 
 flatulent after eating ? 
 
 What did you eat to-day ? 
 
 Tue noon ketnean dinan 
 
 da rog hoya see ? 
 Tue noon beramee kudon 
 
 thon hoee hue ? 
 Too upne huth dee nubz 
 
 wakhal jeebh kudh, uj 
 
 too kuese hue, uge nalon 
 
 kooch chunga hue ki 
 
 mara ? 
 Tere sir, jan hek, jan kum- 
 
 ror, jan luk, jan gundee, 
 
 hor joree peer hoondee 
 
 hue? 
 Judon poora saha lenda 
 
 hue tudon kooch kithe 
 
 dookh muloom hoonda 
 
 hue? 
 Tue noon khung buhoot 
 
 ounda hue ? 
 Too buhoot khungarda 
 
 hue ? 
 Teree joree, jan bundee, 
 
 buhoot peer hooddee 
 
 hue ? 
 Tue noon bhookh bee 
 
 kooch ne lugdee ? 
 Tue noon teh buhootee lug- 
 dee ? 
 Tue noon oobut jan oopur 
 
 shhul Dundee hue? 
 Tue noon rotee puchdee 
 
 hue ? 
 Pursad khade mugron, 
 
 tera kooch ted^h aphur 
 
 janda hue ? 
 Uj too kee kooch k,hada 
 
 hue? 
 
100 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Is your head giddy when 
 you stand up or walk ? 
 
 Are you griped ? 
 
 Are your bowels loose ? 
 
 Lie flat on your back and 
 
 tell me if you have any 
 
 pain or uneasiness when 
 
 I press on this part with 
 
 • my fingers. 
 
 Turn on your right side^ 
 now turn on your left. 
 
 Are you able to rise from 
 your bed without assist- 
 ance ? 
 
 Do you feel very weak ? 
 
 Stand up and put the an- 
 kles together. 
 
 Are the wrist joints swol- 
 len ? 
 
 Have you any pain in the 
 knees when you walk ? 
 
 Are the hip joints weak? 
 Raise up the right shoulder 
 
 joint. 
 Putyourlegs close together. 
 Stretch out the left arm. 
 How did you lose that 
 
 finger ? 
 How did you hurt your 
 
 big toe ? 
 
 Judon too oot hke kronda 
 hue, jan toorda hue, tan 
 tere sir kooch ghernee 
 Dundee hue ? 
 
 Kee tere ted h vich muror 
 hue ? 
 
 Tera undur buhoot chulda 
 hue? 
 
 Moura purne pye jao ju- 
 don muen oongulean nal 
 tue noon nupda han, tan 
 kooch peer hoondee hue. 
 
 Suj he jan qub he, pasa mu- 
 rOr hor wukee purne py 
 jao. 
 
 Kisee de huth thon bina, 
 too munje oot hon ooth 
 hungda hue ? 
 
 Tue noon nuqoobutee bu- 
 hoot muloom hoondee 
 hue? 
 
 Ooth sidha hoke kro hor 
 dowe g hitte jorke krota 
 ruho ? 
 
 Tera goot buhoota sooj 
 gya hue ? 
 
 Jan too toorya janda hue, 
 tan terean g hittean vich 
 kooch peer muloom 
 hoondee hue ? 
 
 Tere choole kum jor huen ? 
 
 Sujah modah chook. 
 
 Dowe pyr jor. 
 
 Kubbe banh lummee kur. 
 
 Teree chee chee oongul 
 kisturan toot pyee ? 
 
 Tere pyr de ungot he noon 
 kisturan sut lugee hor 
 kisturan mororya gje ? 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 101 
 
 Have you pain and stiff- 
 ness in the neck ? 
 
 Have you a sore throat or 
 pain and difficulty in 
 swallowing ? 
 
 Have you ear-ache ? Have 
 you a pimple in it ? 
 
 Is the nose stuffed ? 
 
 Have you cramps in the 
 hands, feet or calves of 
 the leg ? 
 
 What is your complaint ? 
 
 Have you rheumatism, 
 asthma, or bowel com- 
 plaint, gonorrhoea or 
 piles, small pox or epi- 
 lepsy, leprosy, or spleen, 
 cholera or ring worm, &c. 
 
 Is blood ever mixed up 
 with the mucus you 
 cough up ? 
 
 Have you burning of the 
 feet, or do the soles of 
 your feet burn ? 
 
 Are you completely lame? 
 Do you hear imperfectly ? 
 
 Are you deaf ? 
 
 Have a bad taste in your 
 mouth ? 
 
 Is the skin entirely numb, 
 or have you any sensa- 
 tion of pain when I 
 pinch you with my nails ? 
 
 Have you taken the medi- 
 cine regularly ? 
 
 Tereean d haondeean naree 
 ak hir giyeean huen ? 
 
 Ki tera sung puk gya hue, 
 kikoochlungane hungda? 
 
 Tera kun doo khda hue ? 
 Koee ode vich phim- 
 unee hue ? 
 
 Tere nas nukdee bund 
 hogyee hue ? 
 
 Tere hutheen jan puereen 
 jan pinnean vich, kooch 
 k.huttean pyeean huen ? 
 
 Tue noon kee rog hue ? 
 
 Tue noon badee hue, jail 
 sail dee kusr, jan pet 
 wugna, jan sojag, jan 
 bawaseer, jan mata, jan 
 mirgee, jan korh, jan 
 lif, jan hyeeurj jan 
 k horuk pyee hue ? 
 
 Khung nal kooch Icohoo 
 ounda hue ? 
 
 Terean puer suroo suroo 
 kurde hun, jan pueran 
 deean tutteean vichon 
 ug nikuldee hue ? 
 
 Too bilkool lungandahue ? 
 
 Tuenoon oochha soone 
 da hue ? 
 
 Too kunan t lion bola hue ? 
 
 Tere moonli be swad hue ? 
 
 Tera pinda uesa soun gya 
 hue, ki judon muen iiou- 
 wan nal choondee wud- 
 da han, tan tue noon peer 
 ne koondee ? 
 
 Too burabur doshandu 
 peeta hue ? 
 
102 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Have you vomited freely ? 
 Have you been well 
 purged ? Have you per- 
 spired ? 
 
 Have you slept soundly ? 
 
 Js that a blister on your 
 heel? 
 
 Has th6 pain been reliev- 
 ed ? 
 
 How did you receive that 
 wound ? Is it a gun shot, 
 sabre cut, or blow of a 
 stick ? 
 
 llave you lost much 
 blood ? 
 
 Is the bone broken, or on- 
 ly dislocated ? 
 
 Keep up your spirits, there 
 is no danger, and you will 
 soon get well. 
 
 What sort of food do you 
 usually eat ? 
 
 t)o you bathe regularly in 
 cold water ? 
 
 tJnless you consent to have 
 your arm amputated, you 
 will certainly die in great 
 agony. 
 
 If you allow me to cut off 
 your leg, you will quick- 
 ly recover, and be able 
 to retire to your village 
 on the pension of your 
 wound. 
 
 The pain will not be very 
 great, and it will soon 
 be over. 
 
 If you do not keep your leg 
 in the position in which 
 I have now placed it, the 
 
 Tue noon kholke oobut 
 aye se ? Tue noon dust 
 chungee luge sun, moor- 
 ka chunga aya ? 
 
 Too sota uch chee turuh ? 
 
 Teree udee oote chhala 
 hue, jan chumrus py gya 
 hue ? 
 
 Peeron tue noon kooch 
 aram hogya hue ? 
 
 E h juk hm tue noon kistu- 
 ran luga? Hor kudon luga 
 budooq da jan top da, 
 jan dang da luga hue ? 
 
 Loohoo buhoota wugya 
 see ? 
 
 Huddee toot gyee hue, jan 
 ootur gyee hue ? 
 
 Durna kooch ghum nu- 
 heen, too chetec nal ra- 
 jee ho jaw^enga. 
 
 Too kisturan da pursad 
 shukda hue ? 
 
 Too humeshan thunde pa- 
 nee nal nuhounda hue? 
 
 Jetha too banh wudun vich 
 rajee nuheen, tan pich,h 
 on wude dook h nal mur- 
 jaenga. 
 
 Jetha too upna puer mue- 
 noon wudun dehe, tan 
 buhoot chetee nal rajee 
 hojaenga, hor pension 
 pake g hur jahungenga. 
 
 Tue noon buhootee peer 
 bee ne hoondee, ek pul 
 vich dookhjandarehega. 
 
 Jisturan ussee tera puer 
 rukhde ban so too na 
 rehun denga, tan tere 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 loa 
 
 bone will be crooked, 
 and you will be lame for 
 life. 
 This will be your own fault, 
 and you will not be en- 
 titled to a pension. 
 
 I am sure you will soon 
 get the use of your leg 
 if you will only try. 
 
 If you obstinately refuse 
 to use your limb, you wil^ 
 be pronounced a malin- 
 gerer, and will lose the 
 service. 
 
 Where is your village ? I 
 will send you there on 
 sick leave for six months. 
 
 What sort of a night did 
 
 you pass ? 
 Were you very restless ? 
 Why do you moan and 
 
 groan so, are you in 
 
 pain ? 
 
 The wound on your head 
 is certainly a bad one, 
 but I have no reason at 
 present to think the skull 
 fractured. 
 
 How long has your eye 
 been in that state ? 
 
 How long has your eye 
 been covered with that 
 film? 
 
 Can you see at all with 
 the right eye ? 
 
 puer dee huddee tedhee 
 hojaegee, hor saree oomr 
 lunganda ruhenga. 
 
 Eho t heek bu theek qu- 
 soor tera hoga, hor ise 
 kurke ingles bee na pa- 
 wenga. 
 
 Jetha too kururra jee kur- 
 ke dubke toorenga tan 
 buhoot chetee nal rajee 
 howenga. 
 
 Jetha too ise turan dee jid 
 kurenga, hor toorun da 
 dyeear na kurenga tan 
 pujwala sude enga, hor 
 tera na wan bee kutya 
 jaogoo. 
 
 Terapind kit he hue? Muen 
 tue noon othe chhean 
 muheenean dee beema- 
 ree de chootee, duwa ke 
 ghul deoonga ? 
 
 Rat kisturan kutee ? 
 
 Ki buhoot kusht kutya ? 
 
 Too uetna hoongda hue, 
 tue noon kithe kooch 
 peer muloom hoonde 
 hue ? 
 
 Tere sir da jukhm theek 
 mara hue, pur uesa boo- 
 ra nuheen ki sir dee 
 k hopree pat gyee hue. 
 
 Ketne ko cheerda teree uk h 
 
 es turan dee rehee hue ? 
 Ketne ko cheerda teree 
 
 ukh vich jala py gya 
 
 hue? 
 Tue noon sujhe uk,h nal 
 
 kooch deeda hue ? 
 
104 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Shut your good eye, and 
 then tell me if you can 
 see with the other what 
 I have in my hand. 
 
 When I move my hand be- 
 fore your eye, do you 
 see at all? 
 
 How long is it since you 
 received the injury ? 
 
 Bathe it well 4 or 5 times 
 during the day, and 
 when the swelling sub- 
 sides, I shall be better 
 able to judge of the ex- 
 tent of the injury your 
 eye has received. 
 
 When did that redness or 
 inflammation of the eyes 
 come on ? 
 
 Do you see imperfectly ? 
 
 Have you night blindness? 
 
 When were you attacked 
 with fever ? 
 
 Does the fever come on 
 with shivering and pass 
 off with perspiration 
 
 Does the fever come on 
 every day, every third 
 or fourth day, or is it a 
 continued one '? 
 
 If you do not take the 
 medicine you cannot ex- 
 pect to get well. 
 
 Do you start in your sleep, 
 or have you frightful 
 dreams ? 
 
 Jis ukh nal tue noon uch- 
 hee turuh deeda hue, o 
 ukh meet ke dooje nal 
 vek h ki mere hut h vich 
 kee hue'? 
 
 Jis vele muen huth hu- 
 lounda ban, tan tue noon 
 kooch disda hue ? 
 
 Ketna ko chero hoya hue, 
 judon then ehe ukheen 
 vich beemaree hoee see. 
 
 Elioon nit nit dhoya kure, 
 
 « jud edee sojhly jaegee, 
 tan muen muloom kur- 
 oonga kitna ko nooshqan 
 hoya hue. 
 
 Jeree laalee teree uk h vich 
 
 hue, so kudon ko pyee 
 
 see'? 
 Tue noon thora deeda 
 
 hue ? 
 Tue noon und rata hoya 
 
 hue? 
 Tue noon tap kudon da 
 
 chiirhya hoya hue ? 
 Tue noon kumbe nal 
 
 tap churda hue, hor pich- 
 
 hon moorke nal ootur 
 
 da hue *? 
 Tue noon nitkee tap hue, 
 
 ki teja churhda hue, ki 
 
 choutha ki kudde ootur 
 
 da nuheen P 
 Jet ha too duwa na khaen- 
 
 ga tan uchha kisturan 
 
 howenga ? 
 Sotapya, too tubkuda hue, 
 
 jan mare mare sookhne 
 
 ounde huen ? 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 105 
 
 What scar is that upon 
 your leg? 
 
 Is that a mole upon your 
 cheek ? 
 
 Have you any particular 
 marks whereby you may 
 be known as the person 
 described entitled to 
 pension ? 
 
 Have you sprained your 
 foot? 
 
 That appears a bad sore and 
 has been much neglect- 
 ed, you must live low. 
 
 I will send you out into 
 the district for change 
 of air. 
 
 Do the corns on your feet 
 
 pain you ? 
 Have you much hiccup ? 
 
 Have you pain in your 
 back bone ? 
 
 Have you pain in your 
 kidneys ? 
 
 Have you pain in your 
 ribs? 
 
 Have you a sore on your 
 thigh ? 
 
 When was this man seized 
 with cholera ? 
 
 Has he eaten any raw vege- 
 tables ? 
 
 Had he vomited much be- 
 fore coming into hos- 
 pital ? 
 
 Be careful that he gets no 
 cold water to drink. 
 
 Be careful that he takes 
 regularly the medicine 
 prescribed. 
 
 O dag h jera tere puer oote 
 hue, so kisturan da hue ? 
 
 Tere g.hul oote, eh mouqu 
 hue? 
 
 Tere pinde vich, kise turan 
 da uesa dagh hue, ki 
 
 janye, 
 
 too he 
 
 paone wala hue ? 
 
 inglis 
 
 Tere pyr noon muchkoor 
 
 _ agyee hue ? 
 
 O phora boora deeda hue, 
 hor tue noon loreeda hue 
 ki bundej kurya kur. 
 
 Wao leun waste hor nuwa 
 panee peeun noon muen 
 tue noon bahur kit he 
 g hul deanga. 
 
 Tere puer de bhouree 
 buhoot dookdee hue ? 
 
 Tue noon hitkee buhoot 
 oundee hue ? 
 
 Tere mouree peer hoondee 
 hue? 
 
 Tere goorde peer hoondee 
 hue? 
 
 Tere bubur vich peer hoon- 
 dee hue ? 
 
 Tere put oote phora hue ? 
 
 E s munook h noon hyeeur 
 _ kudon da hoya hue? 
 Os ne kise turan dee kuchee 
 
 turkaree k,hadee hue ? 
 Beemar khane ounthon 
 
 puehla kooch oobutya 
 
 see? 
 Khubur rukhnee, ki o 
 
 thunda panee na peee. 
 Khuburdar ki duwa hu- 
 ~~meshan k ha we. 
 
106 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS TO A NATIVE DOCTOR. 
 
 Are you the Native Doctor 
 appointed to my Regi- 
 ment ? 
 
 What is your name, and 
 age? 
 
 How many years have you 
 been in the Service ? 
 
 Have you been educated at 
 the Calcutta School? 
 
 Did you there learn com- 
 pounding ? 
 
 Can you use the scales and 
 v^^eights ? 
 
 Can you rub up ingredi- 
 ents properly in a pestle 
 and mortar ? 
 
 Can you make pills and 
 spread plaster ? 
 
 Can you fold up medicine in 
 paper neatly, and fix a 
 label to a phial ? 
 
 Can you apply a bandage ? 
 Can you keep an Hospital 
 register ? 
 
 Can you speak English in 
 the least, or write that 
 language ? 
 
 You say that you have just 
 come from the Calcutta 
 School of Medicine, hav- 
 ing passed your exami- 
 nation with credit ? 
 
 Ki too oho kala doctor hue 
 jera meree purtal vich 
 b hurtee hoya see ? 
 
 Tera nao hor oomr kee 
 hue ? 
 
 Too kudonda noukur hue ? 
 
 Too Kulkutte dee tunksal 
 vich sikhya se? 
 
 Too duwa ruloun miloun 
 ot hee sik hya se ? 
 
 Too tukree nal toalun jan- 
 da hue ? 
 
 Too uch,hee turan hum am 
 duste vich kootke sub 
 cheezan rula janda hue ? 
 
 Too goleean duwadeean 
 bunoune jan mulhum 
 da lep kur janda hue ? 
 
 Too duwa kaghut vich 
 vuletun janda hue, hor 
 too duwa dee bottle oote 
 kaghut da surnawa lou- 
 un janda hue ? 
 
 Too puttee bun janda hue ? 
 
 Too beemar khane de ver- 
 ve dee kitab likh janda 
 hue? 
 
 Too t horee buhootee Ung- 
 reejee boleebol, jan likh 
 janda hue ? 
 
 Too anda hue ki muen 
 hoone Kulkutte on hu- 
 keeman dee tunksalon 
 aya han, so too wude sare 
 jus nal upne vidya dee 
 kuramat dusda hue ? 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 107 
 
 Nevertheless, you cannot 
 perform these simple 
 duties, which are daily 
 required of you. 
 
 My orders are, that you 
 make up the medicines 
 required for the sick in 
 hospital with your own 
 hand. 
 
 It is the custom of some 
 Native Doctors to leave 
 the duty of preparing 
 the doses of medicine to 
 the dresser, or even to a 
 bearer. 
 
 This is a most shameful 
 practice. 
 
 It is a practice liable to be 
 attended with disaster- 
 ous consequences. 
 
 If you do so, I shall report 
 you to the Superinten- 
 ding Surgeon. 
 
 The medicines are under 
 your charge, and you 
 must take great care of 
 them. 
 
 Some Medical Officers are 
 of opinion that Native 
 Doctors are accustomed 
 to steal certain of the 
 more valuable medicines. 
 
 Medicines such as Calomel, 
 Tartar Emetic, Opium, 
 Castor Oil,&c. may with- 
 out doubt be easily dis- 
 posed of, and find a ready 
 sale. 
 
 Tan bee thora t,hora kum 
 jera tue noon roj roj loree 
 da hue 5 bee ne kur hung- 
 da. 
 
 Mera hookm ehe hue ki 
 jere duwa munohanan 
 noon deee dee hi, so too 
 upnean hutjian nal bu- 
 naya kur. 
 
 Bajean Bajean kale an doc- 
 toran da kum eho hue, 
 ki du ween bunouneean 
 tyhul waleean dee hu th- 
 een dinde huen. 
 
 E ho kum buhoot mara hor 
 wudee shurm da hue. 
 
 Hor eho kum ueda mara 
 hue ki kisee na kisee ve- 
 le upudro hoonda hue. 
 
 Jet ha too uesa kum kuren- 
 ga, tan muen wude doc- 
 tor sahib noon teree re- 
 put deanga. 
 
 Sube duwaeen teree tabea 
 huen, so tue noon loo- 
 ree da hue ki wudee sare 
 Utiuburdaree nal rukhya 
 kur. 
 
 Koee koee doctor sahib da 
 eh khyal hue, ki kale 
 doctor lok jeree duwa 
 wude moldee hoondee 
 hue, so o noon chora 
 lende huen. 
 
 Ues turan dee duwaeen 
 juesa para, oopur chul 
 walee duwa, ufeem, jan 
 herund da tel, syhuj soo- 
 b hao, vik,h jande huen. 
 
108 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 It is difficult to prevent 
 this stealing, and still 
 more difficult to prove 
 the fact to conviction. 
 
 Some means might be 
 devised to prevent this 
 pilfering, or, at any rate, 
 to check it materially, 
 and save Government 
 many thousand Rupees 
 annually. 
 
 Inform me in what man- 
 . nerthis maybe effected. 
 This man is delirious from 
 exposure to the sun. 
 
 Call the bheestie, and or- 
 der him to empty a 
 mussuk of water over 
 the man's head, by de- 
 grees. 
 
 Cause the jet of water to 
 impinge with force on a 
 particular spot, behind 
 the ear. 
 
 After this, apply a mus- 
 tard poultice for half an 
 hour between the man's 
 shoulders over the re- 
 gion of the stomach, the 
 inside of each thigh, and 
 to the sole of each foot. 
 
 Then administer an enema 
 of turpentine and starch, 
 but should the man be 
 unwilling to allow this, 
 and resist, hold him 
 down to his bed, and 
 give it to him by force. 
 
 Ehe choree dee wadee 
 hutounee wudee moosh- 
 kil hue, hor choree hoee 
 hoee suboot kurnee 
 wudee oukhee hue. 
 
 Shayud uesee joogut ho 
 hundee hue, ki choree 
 hut jawe jet han na bee 
 hutegee, tan bee t horee 
 thoree ghut jaegee jis 
 kurke sirkarde hujaran 
 roopyan da kurch huth 
 jaega. 
 
 Mue noon duso ki eh kum 
 kisturan ho hungda hue. 
 
 Ell admee dhoop vich 
 phirun kurke eda sir 
 baola hogya. 
 
 Mashuqee noon sudke ak,ho 
 ki mushq da moonh k hol- 
 ke houle houle d,harbunke 
 ede sir vich panee pawe. 
 
 Uesee joogut kuro, ki 
 mashuqee mushq kholke 
 ede kun pichhe, kururee 
 kurke, dhar mare. 
 
 EHoon mugron race dee 
 les deean putteean buna- 
 ke ek tan doan mode an 
 vich, hor dooje ted,h oote, 
 hor teejee putan vich, hor 
 chouteean pyran deean 
 
 _ tuleean het h. 
 
 Odon pichhon tarpeen, 
 jan jhone de panee 
 pichkaree maro, jethao 
 jid kure pichkaree na 
 marun de tan o noon 
 munje oote bunke bud 
 o budee maro. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 109 
 
 When did the man come 
 
 in hospital ? 
 What were his symptoms ? 
 You should have reported 
 
 the case to me sooner. 
 
 Was the pulse full and 
 slow, or quick and very 
 feeble ? 
 
 Are the extremities cold 
 and clammy ? 
 
 Was he totally insensible ? 
 
 Did he answer when spoken 
 to? 
 
 Is he able to swallow food 
 or medicine ? 
 
 Where is your lancet ? 
 
 Bleed the man, but tie up 
 the arm if he becomes 
 faint. 
 
 Shave the head and have 
 a mussuk of cold water 
 poured over it, and after- 
 wards keep a wetted 
 cloth constantly applied 
 to the scalp. 
 
 Give a little warm sago and 
 wine every half hour, un- 
 til the pulse is firm and 
 extremities of a natural 
 warmth. 
 
 Is he any better since I 
 saw him last ? 
 
 That bandage is too tight, 
 untie it, and tie it more 
 loosely. 
 
 Eh admee beemar khane 
 
 vich kudon aya see ? 
 Oda kee uhwal see ? 
 Tue noon lore da see ki 
 
 edon uge mue noon puehla 
 _ khubur de nee see. 
 Ode nubz jor nal chuldee 
 
 hue, pur dhilee jan kalee 
 _ kurke pur kum jor. 
 Ode huth puer thunde 
 
 jan pilpile muloom hoon- 
 
 de huen? 
 Bilkool behosh hoya see ? 
 Pooche hooe osne kooch 
 
 juwab ditta see ? 
 Anaj panee lunga hungda 
 
 hue? 
 Teree nustur kit hee hue ? 
 Oda fus k hoi, deo, hor jis 
 
 vele ghush pyjae tan 
 __ bund kurdeo. 
 Oda sir noondke mashuk 
 
 panee dee sir oote pa 
 
 deo, ede mugrom b hinna 
 
 hoya leera sir oote bun 
 
 chhudo. 
 
 Jitna cheer odee nubz tej 
 nahowe hor hut han puer 
 an gurmee na awe tan 
 udhe ud he ghunte pich- 
 hon thoree tutte sago 
 vich, shurab rulake, dea 
 kuro. 
 
 Judon da muen osnoon 
 vekhda han tudonda os 
 _ noon kooc h aram hue ? 
 
 O puttee buhootee ghoo- 
 thee hoee hue, es noon 
 kholke dhilee kurke 
 buno. 
 
110 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Let the hands and feet be 
 well rubbed until the na- 
 tural heat returns. 
 
 Is the swelling decreased ? 
 Has there been a copious 
 
 discharge of pus ? 
 Give a powder in water 
 
 every half hour, until he 
 
 perspires freely. 
 
 Are you sure he has swal- 
 lowed the pill ? 
 
 Give him to drink two 
 ounces of the mixture, 
 until the bowels are co- 
 piously moved. 
 
 Let him have a warm bath, 
 dry him quickly, and be 
 careful he does not catch 
 cold. 
 
 Give a dessert or middle 
 sized spoonful every 
 hour, until he falls asleep. 
 
 Weigh the medicine care- 
 fully, and give it with 
 your own hands. 
 
 Foment with hot water 3 
 or 4 times a day. 
 
 Give him a little drink 
 from time to time, but 
 do not let him take a 
 large draft at once. 
 
 He must not bathe in cold 
 water during his present 
 illness. 
 
 Jitna cheer odee hut,han 
 puera noon gurmee na 
 awe, tan otna cheer mulya 
 kuro. 
 
 Soj h kooch ghut hoee ? 
 
 Kee buhootee pit nikulee 
 hue? 
 
 Jitna cheer, moorka uch.hee 
 turah na awe tan otna 
 cheer o noon ud he g hun- 
 te mugron pooree dea 
 kuro. 
 
 Tue noon such muloom 
 hue, ki on golee lunga 
 leee hue ? 
 
 Jitna cheer kholke dust 
 na oun, tan otna cheer 
 duwa da do do rutyan 
 
 _ dea kuro. 
 
 O noon tutte panee nal nu- 
 halo, hor jisturan wao na 
 luge chetee nal pind poonj 
 lena. 
 
 Jitna cheer na sowe otna 
 cheer o noon ghunte 
 ghunte mugron duwa 
 dee kurchee kurchee 
 dea kuro. 
 
 Wudee khuburdaree nal 
 duwa toalo hor upnee 
 hut,heen o noon deo. 
 
 Din vich dee tun char 
 varee tutte panee nal 
 tukor kurya kuro. 
 
 Thora thora kurke gliure 
 ghure pichhe o noon 
 peeun waste dea kuro, 
 pur ukutha hee, buhoo- 
 ta na peeun deo. 
 
 Jitna cheer rajee na ho we 
 otna cheer t^hunde panee 
 nal nu nuhawe. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 HI 
 
 He must take nothing but 
 rice water. 
 
 He may eat a little rice 
 and sugar. 
 
 He may drink a little lime 
 or tamarind sherbet 
 when thirsty. 
 
 Do not allow him to eat 
 much ghee or hot spies 
 with his food. 
 
 He must be careful to eat 
 sparingly. 
 
 He may now eat his usual 
 food. 
 
 The hospital is very dirty, 
 if I see it in this state 
 again, I will get the 
 sweepers punished. 
 
 No smoking is to be al- 
 lowed within the hos- 
 pital. 
 
 I observe the patients put 
 bundles of clothes and 
 other articles below their 
 beds, this must be strictly 
 forbidden. 
 
 I will recommend the man 
 to be excused from all 
 duty for one week, on 
 account of debility. 
 
 I will apply to the Colonel, 
 to get him brought be- 
 fore the invaliding com- 
 mittee this season. 
 
 If you leave the hospital 
 again without permis- 
 sion, I will complain of 
 
 Sugon pich t hon, bina hor 
 kooch peeun noon na 
 dena. 
 
 Swa chou walan dee letee 
 t hon bina, hor kooch na 
 dena peeun noon. 
 
 Judon teh luge tan odon 
 thora shurbut nimboo 
 jan umbulee pake deo. 
 
 Buhoote gheo nal gurm- 
 musale rotee nal khaun 
 
 _ na dewa. 
 
 O noon loreeda hue ki bun- 
 dej rukhe. 
 
 Hoon tan odee murjee nal 
 k haun deo. 
 
 Beemar k hanubuhoot myla 
 hue, jet ban muen phir 
 esturan dee vekhoon- 
 goo, tan b hungee a noon 
 nuseehut dewanga. 
 
 Hookm vich nuheen ki 
 beemar khane vich koee 
 hooqqu peewe. 
 
 Muen vek hda ban ki muno- 
 han upne munje heth 
 gundulee ruk h de huen, 
 so loreeda hue ki eh chal 
 hut jawe. 
 
 Eh de nu qoobutee bona 
 se muen ek huftu dee 
 chootee duwa deanga. 
 
 Muen Kurnel Sahib noon 
 akhanga ki eh admee 
 inglis walee committee 
 de ruburoo wukhal ya 
 jawe. 
 
 Jet ban hookm thon bina 
 too phir beemar khane 
 vichon nikul jaenga, tan 
 
112 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 you to the Colonel, and 
 get you punished. 
 
 Tell him that I cannot allow 
 him to remain in the 
 lines, under pretence of 
 being ill ; if he is really 
 unwell he must go into 
 hospital. 
 
 Are the hospital bearers 
 always in attendance to 
 assist the sick ? 
 
 Are the hospital cots com- 
 plete and of the pre- 
 scribed size ? 
 
 Have you ascertained whe- 
 ther clean dry straw for 
 the use of the sick in 
 camp is procurable ? 
 
 Are the cooks allowed by 
 Government a descrip- 
 tion of men from whose 
 hands the sepoys will eat? 
 
 Are all the hospital ser- 
 vants present, and do 
 they afford every assist- 
 tance in their power to 
 the sick ? 
 
 Is the hospital in a leaky 
 state ? 
 
 Are all the tatties in good 
 order, and are they kept 
 well watered? 
 
 There is a great deal of 
 rank vegetation in the 
 vicinity of the hospital, 
 see that it is all cleared 
 away. 
 
 muen Kurnel Sahib noon 
 ak hke tue noon kurur- 
 ree nuseehut doawanga. 
 
 O noon ak h deo muen rog- 
 da puj kurke line vich na 
 rehun deanga jet han su- 
 chee muchee rog noo- 
 wega, tan bee mar khane 
 vich jawega. 
 
 Beemar khane de noukur 
 lok munohanandee ty- 
 pul kurun noon hajir ren- 
 de hun ? 
 
 Bemar khane de munje 
 sube poore hun, hor 
 hookm nal meche nal 
 poore hun ? 
 
 Too kooch janda hue ki 
 kumpo vichon munohan- 
 an waste puralee heth 
 vichoun waste huthoun 
 dee hue ? 
 
 Sungree ues jat de huen ki 
 jinan de huthan da pur- 
 sad pukka hoya sik,h k ha 
 lenge' ? 
 
 Beemar khane de tyhul 
 wale sube hajir rende 
 huen, hor rogeean dee 
 kooch tyhul kurde hun? 
 
 Beemar k hane dee chhut 
 choondee hue ? 
 
 Sube phirkeean chungeean 
 huen, hor panee uchhee 
 turuh shinkeeda hue. 
 
 Beemar khane de oodale 
 j har boot buhoota hoya 
 hue, so vekho chufereon 
 sub wuda ke saf kura 
 deo. 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 113 
 
 Should you observe any 
 unfavorable symptoms in 
 this man, send for me im- 
 mediately, day or night. 
 
 Heat is to be applied to 
 the extremeties. 
 
 Is the wound suppurat- 
 ing ? 
 
 Has it begun to granulate ? 
 
 Has he been delirious ? 
 
 Have there been any con- 
 vulsive twitches of the 
 arms ? 
 
 Does he start much ? 
 
 The spleen appears much 
 enlarged. 
 
 It will be necessary to ap- 
 ply leeches occasionally. 
 
 You will have to give the 
 spleen medicine or pow- 
 der as directed. 
 
 Should the enlargement of 
 the spleen continue, a 
 blister will be necessary. 
 
 I will send you some oint- 
 ment. 
 When did the legs begin 
 
 to swell ? 
 Do they pit on pressure of 
 
 the fingers ? 
 Does the mark remain for 
 
 any length of time ? 
 How long have you had 
 
 dropsy ? 
 Are the legs more swollen 
 
 in the morning than in 
 
 the evening ? 
 
 Jet ha too ^s munookh da 
 kooch munda hal vek hya 
 tan ose vele nale rateen 
 nale dine mue noon sud- 
 lena. 
 
 Huthan pueran noon kooch 
 gurmeelo. 
 
 Phut vich kooch pak py 
 gyee hue ? 
 
 P,hut noon kooch ungoor 
 
 _ aya hue ? 
 
 O kooch burranda ? 
 
 O dean banhan kooch 
 p huruk dyan huen ? 
 
 Kee o buhoot tub kuda hue? 
 Uesee muloom hoond^e 
 
 hue ki lif buhoot wudh 
 
 gyee hue. 
 Kudhe kudhe othe jokan 
 
 lay a kuro, 
 Hookm burabur lif dee poo- 
 
 ree denee hogee. 
 
 Jethan ehe lif buhoot 
 
 wudee ho jaegee, tan 
 
 ede oote plaster bununna 
 
 howega. 
 Muen kooch mulhum tere 
 
 waste ghulde oonga. 
 Kudon dee pueran noon 
 
 soj h churhee hue ? 
 Oongulee nal dubya hoya 
 _ pinde toa py janda hue ? 
 O toa kooch cheer teek ren- 
 
 da hue ? 
 Kudonda tue noon julun- 
 
 durwar hoya hue ? 
 Chilang thon tukalan noon 
 
 pueran dee soj h kooch 
 
 ghut hoondee hue ki 
 
 nuheen ? 
 
114 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 Have you pain in your 
 
 right side ? 
 Does pressure over the 
 
 ribs give you pain ? 
 Have you pain in your 
 
 liver ? 
 Do your teeth ache much ? 
 
 If you have so much pain 
 in your tooth, why do 
 you not let me extract 
 it? 
 
 If you let me extract the 
 tooth, it will be well, 
 otherwise more teeth will 
 decay. 
 
 If this sore does not 
 burst of itself, it will be 
 necessary to lance it. 
 
 He appears changed of late; 
 if any symptoms of insa- 
 nity appear, bleed him 
 immediately. 
 
 Is he in the agonies of 
 death ? 
 
 Has he lived an intempe- 
 rate life ? 
 
 Is he abstemious in his 
 habits ? 
 
 How long has this man 
 been afflicted with these 
 spasmodic distortions of 
 the face ? 
 
 Have you the palsy ? 
 
 Has he lock jaw ? 
 
 Were you born humpback- 
 ed ? 
 Is he a dwarf? 
 
 Sujhee pase kooch peer 
 
 _ hoondee hue ? 
 
 Oukhee dubee hooee peer 
 hondee hue ? 
 
 Tere kuleje peer poondee 
 hue? 
 
 Teree dundeen peer hoon- 
 dee hue ? 
 
 Jetha tere dund noon ue- 
 dee peer hoondee hue, 
 tan mue noon pootun 
 keun ne dinda. 
 
 Jethan 6s dund noon poo- 
 tun dehan, tan chunga 
 hue, nuheen tan tere sube 
 dund k hurab hoenga. 
 
 Jetha ehe phora upne ap 
 na p hise tan chunga ho- 
 ga ki nustur nal cheera 
 dena. 
 
 Uj kul eda chihra odurya 
 
 hoy a hue, jetha kooch 
 
 kurnul poona muloom 
 
 howe tan ose vele fus 
 
 _ k holke loohoo kud,hna. 
 
 Oho 00 tie sah lenda hue ki 
 
 jan jan toot dee hue ? 
 
 Kee o upne jeeondee jee 
 _ be bundez rukh dasee. 
 
 O dee ryhut bundej rukh- 
 undee hue ? 
 
 Enoon kudon dee luqdee 
 kusr hue ? 
 
 Kya tue noon kumbunwar 
 
 hoy a hue ? 
 Ki enoon dundon py gya 
 
 hue ? 
 Too kooba jumy aye ? 
 
 Kya oho vaona hue ? 
 
PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 115 
 
 Has he lost the use of his 
 
 hands and feet ? 
 Have you had that wen 
 
 in your neck a long 
 
 time ? 
 Are you of a constipated 
 
 habit of body ? 
 Give the child a doze now 
 
 and afterwards some 
 
 other medicine shall be 
 
 administered. 
 How did this man die? Was 
 
 his death occasioned by 
 
 poison or a blow ? 
 Open the body and let me 
 
 examine it. 
 How is your wound> is it 
 
 less painful ? 
 
 Please to look at this man, 
 who wishes to be enter- 
 tained. 
 
 Are your child's gums much 
 swollen ? 
 
 Is he cutting his teeth ? 
 
 If you do not apply medi- 
 cine you will be blind 
 of an eye. 
 
 How long has this child's 
 stomach been in this 
 hard, swollen state ? 
 
 How is the swelling or tu- 
 mour to-day? Is it painful 
 on pressure ? 
 
 Syringe the ear, and clean 
 it well. 
 
 Has this man been bitten 
 by a snake, and when 
 was he bitten '? 
 
 Did any one see the snake? 
 What kind of a snake was 
 
 Ki oho toonda, hor loonja 
 
 hue? 
 Kitnean ko dinan da ehe 
 
 gilor dhaon vich hoya 
 
 hue? 
 Tue noon kubzee rendee 
 
 hue ? 
 Hoone moonde noon dosh- 
 
 un da deho, hor picho 
 
 honolee koee duwa horus 
 
 turan dee dihange. 
 E'h munook,h kisturan mo- 
 
 ya hue? Moura k hake, jan 
 
 sut lug ke ? 
 E'Hee loth parke mue noon 
 
 vekhundeo. 
 Tera ghao keha jib a hue, 
 
 uge nalon koojh peer 
 
 t horee hoondee hue ? 
 Elie munookh ap vekh le- 
 
 ye noukuree waste aja 
 
 hue. 
 Tere eeane hoonde de mu- 
 
 soore sooj h gye huen ? 
 E h de dund oogde hun ? 
 Jet ha too duwa na pawen* 
 
 ga, tan teree ukh unnee 
 
 hoke kana ho jaenga. 
 is moonde da tedh kudoil 
 
 da kururra hok soojeya 
 
 hue'? 
 Uj gilor keha jiha hue, du- 
 be hoe, peer hoondee hue? 
 
 Kun noon pichkaree marke 
 
 uch he turan sufa kuro. 
 E h munook h noon sup lur 
 
 gya hue, hor kudon da 
 
 dusya hoya hue ? 
 Kisene sup ditta see ? Ki kis 
 
 jat da hue, kala nag, jan 
 
116 
 
 PUNJABEE DIALOGUES. 
 
 it, a black one or other 
 kind ? 
 
 How long after did he dis- 
 cover he had been bitten, 
 and what were his symp- 
 toms ? 
 
 Had he constriction of the 
 throat so as to be unable 
 to swallow ? 
 
 What did you give him 
 when he came into hos- 
 pital ? 
 
 In future when any person 
 bitten by a snake comes 
 into hospital, give him, 
 if able to swallow, a small 
 spoonful of Eau de Luce, 
 mixed in a wine glass of 
 water, every ten minutes, 
 until an improvement 
 takes place. 
 
 Should the person bitten 
 by a snake immediately 
 afterwards arrive at the 
 hospital, it would be as 
 well to cut out the part 
 bitten. 
 
 chimboor, jan horus tu- 
 ran da hue ? 
 
 Sup lure thon pichhon ket- 
 ne cheer muloom keeta 
 hor oda kere turan da hal 
 
 _ see^ 
 
 O da gula bund hogya see, 
 ki kooch nigul ne hung 
 da? 
 
 Judon oho beemar khane 
 vich aya see tan tuene o 
 noon kee ditta see ? 
 
 Jetha koee uedeoon uge 
 sup lure hoe beemar 
 k,hane vich awe, tan os 
 noon jitna cheer hosh na 
 awe hor lunga na hun- 
 ghe tan ek nikeekurchee 
 b,hurke dus dus lymme 
 pich hon dea kur. 
 
 Jetha sup lure hoe chetee 
 nal beemar khane vich 
 adme awe, tan chungee 
 ehe hue ki dung wala 
 thanw thora jiha wud 
 sootna. 
 
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