-^UIBRARYtf/r I ;! IVERS/ 3. ^VOSANCFlfj-^ % i /Or* 5 sfoCL MEMORIALS OF CAMBRIDGE GREATLY ENLARGED FROM THE WORK OF J. LE KEUX BY CHARLES HENRY COOPER, F.S.A, WITH STEEL AND COPPER PLATES BY LE KEUX AND STOKER AND ETCHINGS ON COPPER BY ROBERT FARREN. Cjjrisfs 10 MACMILLAN CO. 1832 STACK ANNO L P 9 THE R E V E R E N D WILLIAM WHEWELL, D.D., MASTER OF TRINITY COLLEGE, is (BY PERMISSION) MOST RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. As respects the present volume it is my pleasing duty to acknowledge assistance obligingly rendered by the Rev. the Master of Christ's college, the Rev. the Master of S. John's college, the Rev. J. E. B. Mayor, M.A., fellow of that society, C. C. Babington, esq., M.A., professor of Botany, the Hon. and Rev. the Master of Magdalen college, the late Lord Braybrooke, the Rev. Mynors Bright, M.A., fellow of Magdalen college, the Rev. Francis Martin, M.A., fellow of Trinity college, the Rev. John Glover, M.A., librarian of the same college, and the Rev. John Fuller, B.D., fellow and tutor of Emmanuel college. Mr. Mayor has also been so good as to allow the publisher the use of some excellent wood cuts. C. H. C. Cambridge, June, 1861. CONTENTS OF VOL. II. CHRIST'S COLLEGE, (FOUNDED 1505). GOD'S HOUSE THE FOUNDRESS THE FOUNDATION . BENEFACTORS EMINENT MEN THE BUILDINGS THE CHAPEL THE LIBRARY THE HALL THE COMBINATION ROOM THE MASTER'S LODGE THE FELLOWS' GARDEN FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS PLATE PATRONAGE PAGE 2 9 24 31 35 48 &. 51 52 ft. ib. ib. 54 55 56 CONTENTS. S. JOHN'S COLLEGE, (FOUNDED 1511). S. JOHN'S HOSPITAL THE FOUNDRESS THE FOUNDATION BENEFACTORS EMINENT MEN BUILDINGS THE CHAPEL THE HALL THE COMBINATION ROOM THE LIBRARY THE MASTER'S LODGE PLATE FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS PATRONAGE PAGE 58 66 ib. 91 105 137 143 149 ib. ib, 151 153 ib. 155 CONTENTS. XI S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE, (FOUNDED 1542). PAGE THE HOUSE OF BENEDICTINES . . . .157 THE FOUNDER . . . . .162 THE FOUNDATION . . . . . .164 BENEFACTORS . . . . 169 EMINENT MEN . . . . .172 THE BUILDINGS . . . . .179 THE CHAPEL . . . . . .180 THE HALL . 182 THE COMBINATION ROOM . . . . .184 THE COLLEGE LIBRARY ... ib. THE PEPYSIAN LIBRARY . . ib. THE MASTER'S LODGE . . . . .190 MASTERSHIP, FELLOWSHIPS, AND SCHOLARSHIPS . . ib. PATRONAGE . . . .192 Xll CONTENTS. TRINITY COLLEGE, (FOUNDED 1546). KING'S HALL .... MlCHAELHOUSE THE FOUNDER .... THE FOUNDATION BENEFACTORS .... EMINENT MEN c . BUILDINGS .... THE CHAPEL THE HALL .... THE COMBINATION ROOMS THE LIBRARY .... THE MASTER'S LODGE . WALKS AND GARDENS MASTERSHIP, FELLOWSHIPS, AND SCHOLARSHIPS PATRONAGE PAGE 193 212 231 235 262 279 310 316 325 328 330 336 338 339 341 CONTENTS. Xlll EMMANUEL COLLEGE, (FOUNDED 1584). THE HOUSE OF S. DOMINIC THE FOUNDER THE FOUNDATION BENEFACTORS EMINENT MEN THE BUILDINGS THE CHAPEL THE HALL THE COMBINATION ROOM THE LIBRARY THE PICTURE GALLERY THE MASTER'S LODGE . PLATE . FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS PATRONAGE PAOT; 343 347 358 360 366 381 383 386 387 t&. 388 390 fi. 392 ETCHINGS BY R. FARREN. PAGE 1 CHRIST'S COLLEGE Gardens . ... 1 2 S. JOHN'S COLLEGE, view from Fisher's Lane . . 137 3 MAGDALEN COLLEGE, part of the Hall and Chapel . . 157 4 TRINIIY COLLEGE, Bridge and part of Avenue . frontispiece STEEL AND COPPER ENGRAVINGS BY LE KEUX AND STORER. 6 CHKIST'S COLLEGE . ... 9 6 The First Court . . . . . 17 7 The Second Court . . . , .32 8 S. JOHN'S COLLEGE, Entrance Gateway, 1850 . . 65 9 New Buildings . . . . .72 10 New Buildings, N.W. view ... 80 11 Cloisters . . . . . .88 12 The Second Court, East side ... 92 13 Second Court, West side . . . .96 14 The New Bridge ..... 113 15 From the Grounds . . . . .121 16 Part of the New Buildings within the Cloisters . 128 17 The (Old) Chapel . . . . .144 18 From the Old Bridge .... 148 19 MAGDALEN COLLEGE, from the Street . . . 168 20 From the Close . . . . . 176 21 The Chapel . . . . . .180 22 The Pepysian Library .... 184 23 TRINITY COLLEGE, view from S. John's Old Bridge . . 200 24 The Second Court, shewing the Hall . . 208 25 Cloisters and Library . . . .216 26 The Great Court, shewing the Chapel . . 232 27 King's Court, from the Walk .... 240 28 New Court ..... 248 29 View from the S.E. angle of the Cloisters . . 256 30 Interior of the Hall .... 264 31 The Library, Interior .... 272 32 King's Court ..... 288 33 Library, Exterior ..... 296 34 Great Court, shewing the Hall, &c. . . . 304 35 Entrance Gateway . . . . .312 36 Chapel, view of Organ . . . . 316 37 Statue of Sir Isaac Newton in the Ante-Chapel . . 320 38 EMMANUEL COLLEGE, from the Street, left-hand view . 352 39 New Buildings ..... 369 40 Shewing the Chapel, &c. . . . . 377 41 View from Clare Hall Piece . , . .393 iv ILLUSTRATIONS. OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS. PAGE 42 TRINITY COLLEGE, Byron's Statue in the Library . 43 EMMANUEL COLLEGE, Founder's Cup . . . 390 WOOD ENGRAVINGS. 1 CHRIST'S COLLEGE, Milton's Mulberry Tree . . 1 2 The Bath in Garden . . . . .53 3 S. JOHN'S COLLEGE, the Old Bridge ... 57 4 The Founders' Arms . . . . .66 5 The College Arms .... ib. 6 Old Gateway between S. John's and Trinity . . 90 7 Interior of the Gateway, Fourth Court . . 1 37 8 Approach to the Bridge leading to the Fourth Court . 141 9 Interior of the Covered Bridge . . . 142 10 Monument of Hugh Ashton .... 144 11 MAGDALEN COLLEGE, Part of the First Court . . 157 12 South End of the Hall . . . .182 13 TRINITY COLLEGE, the Bridge . . . . 193 14 Statue of Edward III. on North Tower of the Great Court . 1 95 15 Statue of Henry VI II. on the Grand Entrance Tower . 232 16 The Bishop's Hostel . . . . .250 17 Gateway to the New Court, leading to the Walks . 260 18 Plan of the College Westward of Trinity Street . .311 19 Hall and Combination Rooms (from Loggan) . . 326 20 Piazza under Library . . . . .330 21 EMMANUEL COLLEGE, Old Front (from Loggan) . . 343 22 Front . . . . . .381 23 The Cloister 385 MILTON S MrLTiERRY-TltEE. CHRIST'S COLLEGE. THIS college occupies the site, possesses the rights, and is endowed with the revenues of an older academical foundation, (a) called God's house, of which we proceed to give some account. (a) Although we have thought it advisable to place the colleges in the order which has so long been observed, yet we are by no means satisfied that that order is strictly accurate. We incline to think, that Trinity college (as succeeding to the site and estates of Michaelhouse) VOL. II. B CHRIST'S COLLEGE. GOD'S HOUSE. In or about 1439, William Byngham, rector of S. John Zachary in London, presented the following curious petition to king Henry VI : Unto the Kyng our Soverain Lord. Besecheth ful mekely your poure preest and continuell bedeman William Byngham, person of Seint John Zacharie of London, unto your Soverain Grace to be remembred how that he hath diverse tymes sued unto your Highnesse shewyng and de[cla]ryng by bille how gretely the clergie of this youre reaume, by the which all wysdom, konnyng, and governaunce standeth, is like to be empeired and febled, by the defaute and lak of scolemaistres of gramer, in so moche that as your seyd poure besecher hath founde of late over the est partie of the wey ledyng from Hampton to Coventre and so forth no ferther north than Rypon Ixx. scoles voide or mo that weren occupied all at ones w*in 1. yeres passed, bicause that there is so grete scarstee of maistres of gramar, whereof as now ben almost non, nor none mawen be hade in your Universitees over those that nedes most ben occupied still there: Wherefore please it unto your most Soverain Highnesse and plentevous grace to considre how that for all liberall sciences used in your seid Universitees certein lyflode is ordeyned and endued, savyng onely for gramer, the which is rote and grounde of all the seid other sciences, and thereupon graciously to graunte licence to your forseid besecher that he may yeve w'outen fyn or should be placed between S. Peter's college and Clare college ; that Mag- dalen college (as succeeding to the site and corporate rights of Buckingham college) should be placed between Corpus Christi and King's colleges ; and that Christ's college (as occupying the site and possessing the revenues of God's house) should be placed between Magdalen and King's colleges. It may even be urged, that S. John's college is of superior antiquity to any other, as the hospital of S. John on the site of which it stands, and with the revenues whereof it is endowed, although a religious house was also a house of learning, its members being entitled to academic degrees. As regards Emmanuel and Sidney colleges, which occupy the sites of friaries, the case is different, for a considerable interval occurred between the suppression of the friaries and the foundation of those colleges. CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 3 fee mansion y-called Goddeshous, the which he hath made and edified in your towne of Cambrigge for the free herbigage of poure scolers of gramer, and also that he and whatsomevere other persone or persones to that wele willed and disposed mowen yeve also w^outen fyn and fee, lyflode, as londes, tene- mentes, rentes, and services such as is not holden of you immediately by knyght service, or advousons of churches, though thei ben holde of you, or of ony other by knyght service, to the value of 1. li. by yere, or elles to suche yerely value as may please unto your gode grace, unto the maister and scolers of Clare Hall in your Universitee of Cambrigge and to their successours, and also to graunte licence to the same maister and scolers and their successours for to resceyve w^uten fyn and fee the same mansion, and the seid other londes, tenementes, rentes, and services, and advousons, to the seid value, after the forme of a cedule to this bille annexed, to yntent that the seid maister and scolers mowe fynde perpetually in the forseid mansion y-called Goddeshous xxiiii. scolers for to comense in gramer, and a preest to governe them, for refor- macon of the seid defaute, for the love of God and in the wey of charitee. By letters patent dated 13 July, 17 Henry VI. [1439] the king gave licence to Byngham to grant to the master and scholars of Clare hall, a certain mansion near that hall called Godeshous, for a master being a priest and twenty-four scholars in grammar. He also empowered Byngham or any other person or persons, to grant to the master and scholars of Clare hall, other lands, tenements, rents and services, and advowsons of churches to the value of 50. a-year for the support of the said mansion, and the said grammar scholars and their master. The preceding letters patent having been de- livered up by Byngham to be cancelled, the king by other letters patent, dated 9th February in the B2 4 CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 20th year of his reign [1441-2], gave licence to William Byngham and to William Wymbill, William Millyngton and William Guile, doctors in divinity, and John Tylney, doctor in decrees, and the master and fellows of Clare hall, that they and their heirs, or any other person or persons by Byngham to be named and assigned, might in a certain tene- ment with three gardens adjacent, commonly called Godeshous, found, erect, and establish a college of one priest and scholars in the science of grammar, to the number of twenty-five persons or more, who were thereby incorporated as the proctor and scho- lars of Godeshous, and were to be governed by ordinances, rules, and statutes, to be framed by Byngham, and by Doctors Wymbill, Millyngton, Oulle, and Tylney. The college was also em- powered to hold lands and possessions to the value of 50 per annum. By other letters patent, dated 1st March following, the king granted to Byng- ham, and to Drs. Wymbill, Millyngton, Guile, and Tylney, the reversion of certain pensions, payable from alien priories, in order that the same might be granted by them to the proctor and scholars of Godeshous when it should be established. Henry VI. by other letters patent, dated 26th August, in the 24th year of his reign [1446], after reciting the above grants, and that the said William Byngham had delivered up the messuage and gardens therein mentioned for the enlargement of King's college, (a) and proposed to build another (a) Mr. Cole had a notion that the original God's house was on the eastern side of Trumpington street. This we think highly improbable. CHRIST'S COLLEGE. o mansion for such scholars of and in two cottages or one tenement (which formerly was of the abbat of Tyltey), and in one other tenement (situate con- tiguous thereto, which was formerly of the abbess of Denny) with the gardens to the same adjoining (as they were then situate together in the Preacher street, without Barnwell gate, in the parish of S. Andrew of Cambridge, between a certain mansion which John Fysshwyk, formerly bedel of the uni- versity, inhabited and held on the south part, and the public street, called Preacher street on the west part, and the tenement of Richard Pechley there, which William Fysher, burgess of Cambridge, in- habited and held on the north part, and the lands of the prioress of S. Rhadegund, of Cambridge, on the east part, which cottages or tenements con- tained in length next the common way aforesaid, 19 rods and more, and the other tenement which was of the abbess of Denny, contained in breadth next the way aforesaid 11 rods, and in length from the aforesaid way called Preacher street, towards the lands of the prioress of S. Rhadegund aforesaid, between the west and east, 101 rods) gave licence to William Byngham, William Lychfeld, William Millyngton, William Guile, Gilbert Worthington, John Cote, doctors in divinity, John Tylney, doctor in decrees, and John Horley, B.D., that they and any other or others by Byngham assigned, might make, erect, and found, for all time to endure, on the aforesaid two cottages or tenements formerly of the abbat of Tyltey, and tenement formerly of the abbess of Denny, with the gardens to the same 6 CHRIST'S COLLEGE. adjoining, or in any part or parts of such cottages, tenements, or gardens, one perpetual college of one proctor and scholars, to be instructed, not only in the faculty of grammar, but also in the knowledge of any other liberal faculties, according to the ordi- nances and statutes of the said William Byngham and the others therein named to be made in that behalf. By the same letters patent the proctor and scholars were empowered to acquire and hold lands and tenements of the annual value of 100, also the advowson of the church of Helpston, in the county of Northampton, in aid of their sustenance and exhibition. Various apports or annual pensions which had been paid by alien priories to their superior houses beyond the seas, and the priories of Carsewel in North Wales, and of Chepstow and the priory of Ikham in the counties of Lincoln and Oxford with their possessions, were also by these letters patent granted by the king to Byngham and doctors Millyngton, Guile, and Tylney, for the use of the proctor and scholars, and ample powers were given to change these estates for others nearer Cambridge, should such a course be deemed ex- pedient. By a charter of Henry VI., dated 16th April, in the 26th year of his reign [1448], the preceding grants to the college were confirmed and amplified. From this charter it appears that John Lyncoln, literate, and John Pycard, Robert Mylton, and Richard Corlus, priests, had been admitted scholars of the CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 7 college. The power of making statutes was granted to Byngham, William Lychfeld, William Millyng- ton, William Guile, John Holland, doctors in di- vinity, John Hurte and Eobert Stolise, bachelors in divinity, and such others as Byngham should nominate and assign. The number of scholars was to be sixty or upwards. It would appear not to have been finally determined at this period whether the college should be established in S. Andrew's parish, or on the site of other premises purchased by Byngham. These premises are thus described : a messuage with the appurtenances in the parish of the Holy Trinity, opposite the aque- duct of the friar's minors ; a tenement lying at the south end of the garden of Peterhouse, abutting on Trumpington street at the east head, and upon the common pasture of Cambridge. This tenement had belonged to the prior and convent of the white canons of the order of S. Gilbert of Sempringham. Henry VI., by letters patent dated 3rd Septem- ber, in the 26th year of his reign [1447], granted to the proctor and scholars the advowson of Fen- drayton in Cambridgeshire. The same monarch by letters patent dated 26th January, in the 27th year of his reign [1448-9], granted to the proctor and scholars the advowson of the church of Nanby, in the county of Lincoln, and the hospital or free chapel of S. James of Thurlow in Suffolk. Byngham having assumed the office of proctor of the college ; by deed dated 10th February, 27 Hen. VI. [1448-9], released the estates of the college 8 CHRIST'S COLLEGE. to doctors Millyngton, Guile, and Tylney, who by another deed dated 23rd June, 27 Hen. VI. [1449], conveyed the same to Byngham as proctor, and the scholars and their successors for ever. By a deed dated 1st November, 33 Hen. VI. [1454], Richard duke of York, John viscount Bella- mont, and John Fray, chief baron of the exchequer, by virtue of the king's licence granted to John Hurte, proctor, and the scholars of the college for ever, an acre of land in Helpston in Northampton- shire, with the advowson of the church there. Former grants to the college having been de- clared void by an act of resumption, Henry VI. made a new grant by letters patent dated 25th July, in the 36th year of his reign [1458]. Edward IV., by letters patent dated 4th Novem- ber, in the second year of his reign [1462], con- firmed the previous grants to the college. This proving insufficient, another charter of confirmation was granted by that monarch on the 6th December, in the 8th year of his reign [1468]. On the 20th of November, 1488, John Alcock, bishop of Ely, granted an indulgence of forty days to the supporters and repairers of God's house. We subjoin a list of the proctors or masters : William Byngham, the founder. 1454, John Hurte, B.D. 1462, William Fallan. 1465, William Bassett, M.A., vicar of Helpston. 1480, Kalph Barton. 1495, John Sycling, M.A., fellow of Corpus Christi college. The last of these became the first master of Christ's college. CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 9 THE FOUNDRESS. Margaret Beaufort was born at Bletsoe in Bedfordshire, 31st May, 1443. Her father John Beaufort, first duke of Somerset, E.G., and lieutenant-general of France, Acquitaine and Normandy, was of royal descent, being grandson of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, titular king of Castile and Leon, the fourth son of Edward III. John of Gaunt by Catharine Swinford, who ulti- mately became his third wife, had several natural children, who were called Beaufort from their having been born at the duke's castle of Beaufort in France. These children were in 1397 legiti- mated by an act of parliament which contained nothing to restrict their claim to the throne, al- though an exception of the royal dignity was afterwards surreptitiously introduced into Henry the Fourth's confirmation of the act of legitimation. Her mother Margaret Beauchamp was the daughter of Sir John Beauchamp of Bletsoe, knight, and widow of Sir Oliver Saint John, knight. The duke of Somerset died 27th May, 1444, and Margaret his only daughter succeeded to such of his estates as were not held in tail male, or settled on her mother. Four days after the duke of Somerset's death she was committed to the wardship of William do la Pole, earl and afterwards duke of Suffolk. Her education appears to have been carefully -attended to. Bishop Fisher says : She was good in remembraunce, and of holdyng memorye ; a redyc wytte she had also to conceive all thyngs, albeit they 10 CHEIST'S COLLEGE. were ryghte derke. Right studious she was in Bokes, which she had in grete number, both in Englysh and in Frensbe ; and for her exercise, and for the profyte of other, she did translate divers maters of Devocyon out of Frensh into Englysh. Full often she complayned that in her youthe she had not given her to the understanding of Latin, wherein she had a lytell perceyvyng ; specyally of the Kubryshe of the Ordynall for the saying of her Servyce, which she did well understand. Of her skill in needlework a specimen remained at Bletsoe as late as the time of James I., and that monarch constantly called for it when passing through that place in his progresses. According to a custom very prevalent at that period she was married at an extremely early age. Bishop Fisher relates the following extraordinary incident : In her tender Age, she being endued with so grete to- wardness of Nature and lykelyhode of Enherytance, many sued to have had her to maryage. The Duke of Suthfolk, which then was a Man of grete experyence, moost dylygently procured to have had her for his Son and Heyre. Of the contrary part, Kyng Henry the Sixth did make meanes for Edmunde his Brother, then the Erie of Rychemonde. She which as then was not fully nine years old, doubtfull in her mynde what she were best to do, asked counsayle of an old Gentlewoman whom she moche loved and trusted, which dyde advyse her to commend her self to St Nicholas the Patron and helper of all true maydens, and to beseche him to put in her mynde what she were best to do. This counsayle she follow'd, and made her Prayer so, full often; but specyally that nyghte when she sholde the morrowe after make answere of her mynde determynately. A mervaylous thyng ! that same nyght, as I have herde her tell many a tyme, as she lay in Prayer, calling upon St Nycholas, whether slepynge or wake- ynge she could not assure, but about four of the clocke in the mornynge, one appered unto her arrayed like a Byshop, and CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 11 naming unto her Edmonde, bad take hyme unto her Hus- bande. And so by this meane she did enclyne her mynde unto Edmonde the Kyng's Broder, and Erie of Rychemonde. There is good evidence, however, that the duke of Suffolk did marry her to his son John de la Pole, but on the duke's attainder that marriage was regarded as a nullity, and she soon afterwards became the wife of Edmund de Hadham, earl of Richmond, the half-brother of Henry VI. (a) He died 3rd November, 1456. After his death she resided at Pembroke castle, the property of her husband's brother, Jasper de Hatfield, earl of Pem- broke. Here, on 28th January, 1456-7, she gave birth to a posthumous son, baptised Henry, and who ulti- mately succeeded to the crown as king Henry VII. In or before 1459 the countess of Richmond married her second cousin lord Henry Stafford, a younger son of Humphrey Stafford, first duke of Buckingham. He died in or about 1482, and soon afterwards she married her third cousin Thomas lord Stanley, steward of the king's household and a widower with a large family. The countess of Richmond took a prominent part in the transactions which resulted in the dethronement of Richard III., the accession of her son as Henry VII., and his marriage to Elizabeth of York. Richard III., incensed at her hostility, procured an act of parlia- (a) The earl of Richmond was eldest son of Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor, a welsh gentleman of princely descent by Catharine of Valois, the widow of Henry V. He was called of Hadham, from being born at Had- ham in Hertfordshire. In 31 Hen. VI. he was created earl of Richmond, and had grants of the great honor of Richmond, the lordships of Kendal and Weresdale, and the castle and manor of Hadley in Essex. 12 CHRIST'S COLLEGE. ment vesting all the countess' estates in her husband for life, with remainder to the crown. Lord Stanley deserted Richard on the eve of the battle of Bosworth Field, and was created earl of Derby by Henry VII. In his first parliament the act against the countess which had passed in the reign of Richard, was re- pealed, and she was expressly invested with all the privileges of a feme sole. She had now an establishment suitable to her exalted rank as the mother of the sovereign, and we find mention of her chancellor, her chamberlain, the comptroller of her household, her poet, and her band of minstrels. Colyweston in Northamptonshire was her principal residence. She completed a goodly, fair, and stately house at that place, the erection of which had been commenced by lord Cromwell. Here she was on several occasions visited by the king her son. Henry VII. granted to his mother considerable estates in various parts of England. Some of these had belonged to her father. In 1497 she established divinity professorships in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, but it was not till 1503 that they were regularly endowed. At the beginning of the sixteenth century there were serious disputes between the university and town of Cambridge, occasioned by conflicting claims to jurisdiction, and aggravated by mutual complaints of extortion and oppression of various kinds. To put an end to these perplexing and pernicious con- troversies, the two bodies had recourse to the CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 13 countess, whom they besought to cause the titles of either party to be examined, and the differences between them determined according to justice and good conscience. Whereupon she required them to name arbitrators. They agreed in selecting sir Thomas Frowick, knight, king's serjeant, soon after- wards chief justice of the common pleas, John Fisher, a justice of that court, and Humphrey Coningsby, king's serjeant. The case was heard partly in the presence of the countess and partly at London and elsewhere, and at length, on the llth July, 1502, the arbitrators made an award, to which the countess affixed her seal. The award was embodied in an indenture of composition dated 12th May, 1503, whereby it was provided that all future disputes between the two bodies and the solution of all ambiguities should, during the coun- tess' life, be referred to the determination of her and such other persons as she should nominate. The earl of Derby died 29th July, 1504. On the 30th of October following the countess founded a preachership in this university. The king's licence for this foundation is dated 7th February, 1503-4. After the earl of Derby's death the countess made the following singular vow to bishop Fisher her confessor, in renewal of one previously made to bishop Fitzjamys in the lifetime of the earl. In the presence of my Lord God Jesu Christ & his blessed Mother the glorious Virgin St Mary & of all the whole com- pany of Heaven & of you also my Ghostly Father I Margaret of Richmond with full Purpose & good Deliberation for the Weale of my sinfull Soule with all my Hearte promise from 14 CHRIST'S COLLEGE. henceforth the Chastity of my Bodye. That is never to use my Bodye having actuall knowledge of manne after the com- mon usuage in Matrimonye the which Thing I had before purposed in my Lord my Husbands Dayes then being my Ghostly father the Byshop of Rochester Mr Richard Fitz James & now eftsence I fully confirm it as far as in me lyeth beseech- ing my Lord God That He will this my poor wyll accept to the Remedye of my wretched Lyfe & Relief of my sinfull soule and that He will give me his Grace to perform the same. And also for my more Meryte & quietness of my Soule in doubtful things perteyning to the same I avowe to you my Lord of Rochester to whom I am & have been sence the first time I see you admitted verely determined (as to my chiefe trusty Councellour) to owe my Obedience in all things con- cerning the weale and profyte of my Soule. In 1505 she obtained the royal licence for con- verting God's house into Christ's college. In 1508 the countess took steps for converting the ancient hospital of S. John the evangelist in Cambridge into an academical college. Henry VII. died 21st April, 1509, having by his will appointed his mother one of his executors. A few days after the coronation of her grandson Henry VIII., namely, on 29th June, 1509, she died at Woking in Surrey. She was buried in Westminster abbey. In the south aisle of Henry the Seventh's chapel is an altar monument of black marble and touchstone, each side being divided by pilasters into three compartments. At the ends and sides are eight escocheons within chaplets of laurel, surrounded by roses. On the top is the recumbent effigy of the countess wearing her coronet and robes of state, her head resting on cushions beneath a gothic canopy, and her feet sup- CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 15 ported by a fawn. The effigy, escocheons, chaplets, roses, &c., are of copper, and the effigy is gilt. The artist employed was Pietro Torrigiano. On the ledge of the tomb is the following in- scription composed by Erasmus : MAEGARETAE. RICHEMONDIAE. SEPTIMI. HENRICI. MATRI. OCTAVI. AVIAE. QYAE. STIPENDIA. CONSTITVIT. TRIE. HOC. COENOBIO. MONACHIS. ET. DOCTORI. GRAMMATICES. APVD. WYMBORN. PERQ: ANGLIAM. TOTAM. DIVINI. VERBI. PRAE- CONI. DVOB. ITEM. INTERPRAETIB : LTTTERAR : SACRAR : ALTERI. OXONIIS. ALTERI. CANTABRIGIAE. VBI. ET. COLLEGIA. DVO. CHRISTO. ET. IOANNI. DISCIPVLO. EIVS. STRVXIT. MORITVR. AN. DOMINI M. D. IX. III. KAL. IVLII. On an adjoining tablet was formerly a latin elegy to her memory, by John Skelton, poet laureate. Her benefactions to the abbey of Westminster were very considerable. Two chantry monks and a converse were specially charged with the cele- bration of daily offices for her in that monastery. She, with others, also founded a chantry in the church of the Holy Trinity at Guildford. She had a licence to found a chantry for four chaplains in the chapel of S. George at Windsor, but it is not certain whether that foundation actually took effect. At Wimborne Minster in Dorsetshire, where her parents were buried, she founded a chantry and grammar school. She erected the beautiful chapel over S. Wenefrede's well at Holy well in Flintshire, gave a mansion and lands to the rector of Torrington in Devonshire, and built one of the aisles of the church of Sampford Peverell in that county. We find her contributing 20. to the rebuilding of Great 16 CHKIST'S COLLEGE. S. Mary's in Cambridge, she also contributed to the fabric of the church of Dedham in Essex, and gave to the church of Wimborne Minster a cope of blue cloth of gold, another of crimson cloth of gold, and a suit of vestments. She maintained twelve poor men and women at Hatfield, and erected an almshouse for poor women in the almonry at West- minster. In 1464 she and her mother, the duchess of Somerset, were admitted into fraternity in the abbey of Croyland. In 1502 she was admitted into fra- ternity in the abbey of Durham. She was also admitted into fraternity at Westminster, the Charter- house London, Wimborne, Deeping, and Thorney. In 1502 she was admitted a member of the gild of S. Catharine, in the chapel over the parish church door of S. Paul's in Stamford, and of the gild of Corpus Christi at- Boston. . She made attempts to recover that vast district of fen land in the counties of Cambridge, Huntingdon, Northampton, Lincoln, Norfolk, and Suffolk, to which the appellation of the Bedford level has since been applied. When in 1500 a confederacy of the Christian princes was projected for the recovery of the Holy Land, the countess entered warmly into the scheme, and offered to follow the host, and help to wash their clothes for the love of Jesu. Bishop Fisher, her confessor, in his sermon preached at her month's mind, gives the following vivid description of her temperance, mortification, devotion, and charity : CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 17 Her sober temperance in metes and drynkes was known to all them that were conversant with her, wherein she lay in as grete wayte of her self as ony Person myghte, kepynge alway her strayte mesure, and offendynge as lytell as ony creature myghte : Eschewyuge banketts, Keresoupers, joncryes betwixt meles. As for fastynge, for aege and feebleness albeit she were not bounde, yet those days that by the Chirche were appointed she kept them diligently and seriously, and in es- pecyall the holy Lent; throughout that, she restrayned her appetyte tyl one mele and tyl one Fyshe on the day ; besydes her other peculer fastes of Devocyon, as St. Anthony, Mary Maudelyn, St. Katheryne, with other; and theroweout all the Yere, the Friday and Saturday she full truely observed. As to harde clothes wearynge, she had her shertes and gyrdyls of heere, which, when she was in helthe, everi weke she ~fayled not certayn days to weare, sometyme the one, sometime the other, that full often her skynne, as I heard her say, was perced therewith. In Prayer every daye at her uprysynge, which comynly was not long after five of the clok, she began certain Devocyons, and so after them with one of her Gentlewomen the Matynes of our Lady, which kept her to then she came into her Closet, where then with her Chaplayne she said also Matyns of the Daye; and after that, dayly herde four or fyve Masses upon her knees, so continuing in her Prayers and Devocyons unto the hour of dyner, which of the etynge day was ten of the Clocke, and upon the fastynge day, Eleven. After dyner full truely she wolde goe her statyons to thre Aulters dayly ; dayly her Dyryges and Commendacyons she wolde saye, and her Even Songs before souper, both of the day and of our Lady, besyde many other Prayers and Psalters of Davyde thrughout the yeare ; and at nyghte before she went to bedde she fayled not to resort unto her Chappell, and there a large quarter of an houre to occupye her [in] Devocyons. No mervayle, though all this long time her knelynge was to her paynful, and so paynful that many times it caused in her backe payne and dysease. And yet nevertheless dayly, when she was in helthe, she fayled not to say the Crowne of our Lady, which, after VOL. II. C 18 CHRIST'S COLLEGE. the maner of Rome, conteyneth sixty and thre Aves; and at every Ave to make a knelynge. As for Meditacyon, she had divers bokes in Frenshe, wherewith she wolde occupye her self when she was weary of Prayer. Wherefore dyvers she did translate out of Frenshe into Englyshe. Her mer- vaylous wepynge they can bere wytness of, which here before have herde her confession, which be divers and many and at many seasons in the yere, lyghtly every thyrde day : Can also recorde the same, tho' that were present at ony time when she was housylde, which was full nye a dosen tymes every yere ; what flodes of teeres there yssued forth of her eyes ! From the subjoined passage it seems that she endured great bodily suffering: These mercyfull and lyberall hands to endure the moost paynful cramps, so greveously vexynge her and compellynge her to crye, Blessyd Jhesu help me ! O blessyd Lady socoure me ! It was a mater of grete pyte. Lyke a spere it perced the hertes of all her true Servaunts that was about her, and made them crye alsoe of Jhesu for helpe and socoure, with grete haboundance of teares. But specyally when they saw the dethe so hast upon her, and that she must nedes depart from them, and they sholde forgoe so gentyll a Maistris, so tender a Lady, then wept they mervaylously ; wept her Ladys and Kyneswomen to whome she was full kinde ; wept her poore Gentlewomen whome she had loved so tenderly before ; wept her Chamberers to whome she was full deare ; wept her Chaplayns and Preests ; wept her other true and faythfull Servants. And who wolde not have wept, that there had bene presente ? As to her behaviour in the hour of death he thus appeals to a portion of his auditory : How hertly she answered, whan the holy Sacrament con- taynyng the Blessyd Jhesu in it was holden before her, and the questyon made untyll her, whether she byleved that there was verayly the Son of God that suffered his blessyd passyon for her and for all Mankynde upon the Crosse? Many here can bere recorde, how with all her herte and soule she raysed CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 19 her body to make answere thereunto, and confessed assuredly that in that Sacrament was conteyned Chryst Jhesu, the Sone of God, that dyed for wretched Synners upon the Crosse, m whome holly she putte her truste and confydence. These same wordes almoost, that Martha confessed in the end of thys Gospell. Ego eredidi, quia tu es Christm filius Dei, qui in mundum venisti, that is to saye, I have byleved that thou art Cryste the Son of God which came into thys worlde. And so sone after that she was aneled, she departed, and yelded up her Spyryte into the handes of our Lorde. From his ample delineation of her character we make a few extracts : She was bounteous and lyberal to every Person of her Knowledge or acquaintance. Avarice and Covetyse she most hated, and sorowed it full moche in all persons, but specially in ony that belong'd unto her. She was also of syngular Easy ness to be spoken unto, and full curtayse answere she would make to all that came unto her. Of mervayllous gentyle- ness she was unto all folks, but specially unto her owne whom she trusted and loved ryghte tenderly. Unkynde she wolde not be unto no creature, ne forgetfull of ony kyndness or servyce done to her before, which is no lytel part of veray nobleness. She was not vengeable, ne cruell; but redy anone to forgete and to forgyve injuryes done unto her, at the leest desyre or mocyon made unto her for the same. Mercyfull also and pyteous she was unto such as was grevyed and wrongfully troubled, and to them that were in Poverty, or sekeness, or ony other mysery. To God and to the Chirche full obedient and tractable, Serchyngc his honour and plesure full besyly. A wareness of her self she had alway to eschewe every thyng that myght dishonest ony noble Woman, or distayne her honour in ony condycyon. Fryfelous things that were lytell to be regarded, she wold let pass by; but the other that were of weyght and substance wherein she might proufyte, she wolde not let for ony payne or labour to take upon hande. He thus forcibly adverts to the loss the nation sustained by her death: C2 20 CHRIST'S COLLEGE. All Englonde for her dethe had cause of wepynge. The poore Creatures that were wonte to receyve her Ahnes, to whome she was always pyteous and mercyfull ; the Studyentes of both the Unyversytees, to whom she was as a Moder ; all the Learned Men of Englonde, to whome she was a veray Patroness; all the vertuous and devoute persones, to whome she was as a fovynge Syster ; all the good relygyous Men and Women, whome she so often was wonte to vysyte and comforte ; all good Preests and Clercks, to whome she was a true de- fendresse; all the Noblemen and Women, to whome she was a Myrroure and Exampler of honoure; all the comyn people of this Realme, for whome she was in theyr causes a comyn Medyatryce, and toke right grete displeasure for them ; and generally the hole Eealm hathe cause to complayne and to morne her dethe. Her will bears date 6th June, 1508. It was not proved till more than three years after her death, having been the subject of a protracted suit in the court of chancery. After bequeathing her soul to Almighty God, S. Mary the Virgin, and the whole company of heaven, and directing her body to be buried in the chapel of Henry the Seventh at Westminster, she gave minute directions as to the religious services consequent upon her death, in her own chapel, in the church of the parish wherein she should die, and the fifteen adjoining parishes, in every parish through which her body should pass, and in all the churches wherein her body should be deposited for the night. She bequeathed legacies for masses to the four orders of friars, the convents of Christ church, S. Mary Spital, S. Bartholomew, S. Mary Mouritgrace, the Crutched friars and Elsyngspyttell in London, to CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 21 the abbeys of Westminster and Bermondsey, and to S. Stephen's college and S. Margaret's church in Westminster. On the day of her death she willed that 133. 6s. Sd. or more should be distributed in alms amongst poor people. 200. was to be expended in clothes for her executors and servants and other persons attending her funeral and month's day. Three hearses were to be provided; one for her chapel, one for the church of the parish where she should die, and the third for the abbey of West- minster. She gave directions for providing torches at her funeral, and specified the rewards to be given to the persons to be employed on that occasion, directed that her debts should be paid, that her household should be kept together for a quarter of a-year after her death, and that each of her domestic servants should be paid half a-year's wages. Certain legacies were specified in a schedule which does not appear to be now extant. Her executors were Eichard Fox, bishop of Win- chester; John Fisher, bishop of Rochester; lord Herbert, the king's chamberlain ; sir Thomas Lovell, treasurer of the king's household ; sir Henry Marney, chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster ; sir John Saint- John, her chamberlain ; sir Henry Horneby, her chancellor; and sir Hugh Ashton, comptroller of her household. She besought the king to be super- visor, and to shew special help, favour, and assistance to her executors, and desired Dr. Warham, arch- bishop of Canterbury, to see her will performed. 22 CHRIST'S COLLEGE. There are various details relating to her foun- dations at Westminster, Oxford, Cambridge, and Wimborn. She confirmed a grant for the exhibition and finding of Margaret White, anchoress in the house of nuns beside Stamford, and of an honest woman to attend upon her during her life, also certain grants to her servants and others. She directed her executors to make a tomb and one or two altars for masses in the chapel of Henry the Seventh at Westminster. Certain lands in Somersetshire were to be sold for payment of her debts and the satisfaction of her will, and to be expended in works of piety and mercy for the weal of her soul. She charged her debts and legacies on lands in Somersetshire and Devonshire, and directed that the unbequeathed residue of her goods should be applied for the wealth of her soul in such manner as her executors should think most meritorious and convenient. A codicil without date, relates to S. John's and Christ's colleges, and the free school and chantry at Wimborn. Thereby she also willed that her old and serviceable household servants and her executors should be rewarded at the discretion of bishop Fox, and that the twelve poor men and women she had kept at Hatfield should be maintained at her costs during their lives. The fourth day before her death, she willed that bishop Fox and Henry Horneby, her chancellor, should have the oversight of her will, with power to alter, add to, or diminish the same. CHRIST'S COLLEGE. 23 She is author of 1. Ordinances as to what preparation is to be made against the deliverance of a Queen, as also for the Christening of the Child of which she shall be delivered. Cf. Collection of Ordinances for the Royal Household 125. 2. Ordinances and Reformations of Apparel for Princes and Estates with other Ladies and Gentle- women for the time of mourning. Ms. Harl. 537, fo. 69; 1107, fo. 81 b; 1354, fo. 10 b; 1776, fo. 7 b; 4628, art. 11. 3. The forthe boke of the following Jesu Cryst and of the Contempninge of the World, Lond. 4to. (Richard Pynson) n. d. (Wynken de Worde) n. d. (Thomas Godfray) n. d. It is a translation from the french. It is not part of the work attributed to Thomas a Kempis or John Gerson, but another tract by an anonymous author. Godfray's edition, which is a translation from the latin, was published after the countess's death. 4. The Mirroure of Golde for the sinfull soule, translated out of Frenche into Englishe, Lond. 4to. (Richard Pynson) n. d. Lond. (Wynken de Worde) 1522. Lond. (John Skot) 1522. Lond. (Wynken de Worde) 1526. The work was originally in latin, under the title of Speculum aureum peccatorum. 5. Letters () to Richard Shirley, bailiff of her town of Ware, dated Hatfield, 24 July; (b) to the earl of Ormond, dated Shene, 25 April ; ( then fellow. 102 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. six scholars; Humphrey Gower, D.D., master, gave an estate at Triplow to the mastership, and founded two exhibitions for the sons of clergymen; Thomas Naden, of Hothersall in Lancashire, clerk, left a good legacy for three students in divinity; Hum- phrey Sanford, esq., of the isle of Upper Rossall in S. Chad's, Shrewsbury, sometime fellow, who died 1712, left 100; Thomas Watson, bishop of S. David's, sometime fellow, gave the advowsons of Fulbourn S. Vigors and Brinkley in Cambridge- shire, and Brandsburton in Yorkshire ; Francis Roper, B.D., sometime fellow, and canon of Ely, bequeathed all his property to the college; Thomas Wentworth, esq., M.A., (ultimately marquess of Rock- ingham,) gave books, pictures, and plate; Matthew Prior, fellow, the celebrated poet, gave to the library books to the value of 200 including some choice french and italian historical works ; Francis Robins, B.D., senior fellow, and rector of Cockfield, Suffolk, gave an estate for the purchase of advowsons, also 600 and more than 1000 volumes to the library; Richard Hill, LL.D, fellow of Eton, and sometime fellow of this college, in 1723 obliged his heirs to present fellows of this college to five livings in Norfolk; Richard Holmes, of Lowther, clerk, gave in 1735 100, the interest to be paid to a poor scholar ; Felicia Jones, in 1738 founded an ex- hibition of 16 per annum; Thomas Baker, B.D., sometime fellow, who died 1740, bequeathed a valu- able collection of books to the library; John Newcome, D.D., dean of Rochester, and master of this pollege, who died 1763, founded two scholarships, s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 103 and an annual prize, and gave the advowson of Min- ting in Lincolnshire, and to the library above 60 rare books; William Samuel Powell, D.D., master, arch- deacon of Colchester, in 1774, gave 500 to restore the south side of the first court ; George Osbaldiston, esq., M.A., gave 300 for the same purpose; John Green, bishop of Lincoln, sometime fellow, founded an exhibition at this or Corpus Christi college ; John Taylor, D.D., rector of Staplehurst in Kent, and sometime senior bursar, at his death in 1784, be- queathed 700 ; John Hulse, B.A., of Cheshire, who died 1790, gave stipends to two scholars of this college ; William Wilson, B.D., rector of Moreton in Essex, sometime fellow, gave 200, the interest to be paid for a prize to the best reader in chapel ; Thomas Gisborne, M.D., president of the college of phy- sicians, and a senior fellow of this college, who died 1806, gave many books to the library ; John Mainwar- ing, B.D., Margaret professor of divinity, sometime fellow, who died 1807, bequeathed 120 to purchase theological books ; John Wright, esq., of the Inner Temple, sometime a student of this college, in 1814, gave 3000 ; sir Souldern Lawrence, justice of the King's Bench, sometime fellow, who died 1814, bequeathed to the library all his law books, and 100 to purchase more; William Craven, D.D., master, and professor of Arabic, on his death, in 1815, bequeathed 3100 for additional buildings; sir Isaac Penningtoii, M.D., regius professor of physic, and senior fellow, who died 1816, gave considerable real and personal estate to augment the mastership, and for exhibitions to scholars; Edmund Stanger, 104 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. B.D., fellow, in his lifetime gave 100 and by will bequeathed the like sum; William Winthrop, B.D., fellow, left 5000 for the purchase of advowsons; James Webster, B.D., rector of Mepershall, some- time fellow, bequeathed in 1833 3500 to increase the number of fellowships and scholarships ; Joseph Taylor, B.D., fellow, in 1836 left nearly 300 volumes to the library; Thomas Catton, B.D., senior fellow, bequeathed 300 in 1838; James Wood, D.D., master, dean of Ely, in his lifetime contributed to the erection of the fourth court, and at his death in 1839, bequeathed a large legacy for exhibitions to students most in want of pecuniary assistance, and distinguished for regularity of conduct, industry, and learning ; Herbert Marsh, bishop of Peterborough, sometime fellow, contributed to the cost of erecting the fourth court; John Palmer, B.D., senior fellow, and professor of Arabic, in 1840 bequeathed 1000 to purchase advowsons ; sir Joseph Littledale, justice of the King's Bench, sometime fellow, in 1842 be- queathed 1000, whereof 200 to be applied in the purchase of books for the library; Thomas Whyte- head, B.D., fellow, in his lifetime gave a lectern to the chapel, and at his death in 1843, bequeathed all his books to the library; Henry Walter, B.D., sometime fellow, bequeathed to the library in 1859, nearly 70 volumes of hebrew, syriac, and Spanish books; Thomas Fry, M.A., of Lincoln college, Oxford, and rector of Emberton in Buckinghamshire, has settled 32 per annum on this college to promote the study of hebrew. s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 105 EMINENT MEN. Thomas Arthur, (a) an active pro- moter of the reformation and author of various works, died 1532. Henry Gold, (a) fellow, a strenuous roman catholic, executed 1534. Robert Shorton, (a) D.D., first master of this college, afterwards master of Pembroke hall, archdeacon of Bath and dean of Stoke by Clare, died 1535. Nicholas Metcalfe, (a) D.D., master, arch- deacon of Rochester, died 1537. Thomas Greenwood, D.D., (a) fellow, a great sufferer for his attachment to the roman catholic religion, died 1537. Sir Thomas Wyat, (a) statesman, diplomatist, and poet, died 1542. John Edmunds, (a) D.D., fellow of this college, and afterwards master of Peterhouse, died 1544. William Grindal, (fl!) fellow, an admirable greek scholar, tutor to the princess Elizabeth, afterwards queen, died 1584. Nicholas Wilson, (a) D.D., master of Michaelhouse, master elect of this college, archdeacon of Oxford and dean of Wimborne Minster, a learned roman catholic divine, died 1548. Roger Tonge, (a) D.D., fellow, chaplain to Edward VI., an able preacher, flourished 1549. Sir Anthony Denny, (a] privy coun- cellor to Henry VIII., died 1549. John Reston, (a) D.D., fellow of this house, and master of Jesus college, died 1551. John Redman, (a) D.D., fellow of this college, and afterwards the last master of King's hall, first master of Trinity college, Margaret pro- fessor, and one of the compilers of the liturgy, died 1551. Henry and Charles Brandon, (a] successively dukes of Suffolk, youths of great promise, died 1551. John Taylor, master, bishop of Lincoln, died 1554. John Maden, (a) D.D., fellow of this college, afterwards (a) Those thus marked are noticed in Athense Cantabrigienses, vol. 1. 106 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. master of Clare hall, and Regius professor of divinity, died 1555. Roger Hutchinson, (0) fellow of this college, and afterwards of Eton, a learned theological author, died 1555. Leonard Pollard, {0) fellow, canon of Worcester and Peterborough, author of homilies, died about 1555. George Day, (a) master, bishop of Chichester, died 1556. Robert Holgate, (a) archbishop of York, died 1556. Sir John Gheke, fellow, public orator, secretary of state, an admirable scholar, died 1557. Richard Croke, (a) D.D., fellow, public orator, famed for his profound knowledge of greek, died 1558. John Christopherson, (o) fellow, bishop of Chichester, died 1558. Ralph Baynes, (o) fellow, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, died 1559. Robert Pember, (a) fellow, an excellent greek scholar, died 1560. William Bill, (a) D.D., successively master of this and Trinity college, and also dean of West- minster, and provost of Eton college, died 1560. John Seton, (o) D.D., fellow, a noted writer on logic, flourished 1561. Sir Thomas Chaloner, (a) an able diplomatist ; and learned author, died 1565. John Lakyn, (0) fellow of this college, and afterwards master of Jesus college, died about 1565. Sir Thomas Hoby, (a) ambassador to France, a man of great learning, died 1566. Thomas Becon, (a) D.D., canon of Can- terbury, an able and voluminous theological writer, died 1567. Sir Ambrose Cave, (a) chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, died 1568. Roger Ascham, (0) fellow, public orator, latin secretary to queens Mary and Elizabeth, an elegant and much admired writer, died 1568. Francis Babington, (a) D.D., fellow of this college, and afterwards successively master of Balliol s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 107 college, and rector of Lincoln college, Oxford, and Margaret professor there, died about 1569. Thomas Davies, (a) bishop of S. Asaph, died 1573. Sir Thomas Wroth, {0) who was engaged in many public employ- ments under Edward VI. and Elizabeth, died 1573. Roger Kelke, died 1732. Robert Price, successively baron of the exchequer and justice of the common pleas, died 1732. Lancelot Newton, LL.D., fellow, registrary of the university, died 1734. Samuel Bold, rector of Steeple, Dorsetshire, author of many sermons and controversial works, died 1737. Anthony Hammond, M.P. for the university, wit, poet, and political writer, died 1738. James Rey- nolds, fellow, chief baron of the exchequer, died 1738-9. Thomas Wentworth, earl of Strafford, K.G., distinguished as a military commander, diplomatist, and statesman, died 1739. Thomas Baker, fellow, a most excellent antiquary, especially conversant with the history of the university, died 1740. Robert Sanderson, one of the compilers of the Foedera, died 1741. Richard Bentley, D.D., master of Trinity (a) This work was printed at Oxford, 6 vols. 8vo. 1857. When in MS. it was much quoted by lord Macaulay in his History of England. Sir Walter Scott also made great use of Mr. Luttrell's collection of the fugi- tive pieces of the reigns of Charles II., James II., William III. and Anne. 124 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. college and Regius professor of divinity, the great critic, died 1742. Francis Peck, antiquary, editor of Desiderata Curiosa, and author of other esteemed works, died 1743. James Brydges, duke of Chandos,. died 1744. Matthew Postlethwayt, archdeacon of Norfolk, died 1745. William Broome, LL.D., poet, died 1745. John Balguy, vicar of Northallerton, author of sermons, controversial, and other works, died 1748. Sir Tancred Robinson, M.D., physician to George I., and an able natural philosopher, died 1748. John Kirkby, author of various mathematical and miscellaneous works, flourished 1748. Ambrose- Phillips, fellow, poet, died 1749. Philip Williams, D.D., fellow, public orator, died 1749. Thomas Watson Wentworth, marquess of Rockingham, K.B., died 1750. Baptist Noel, earl of Gainsborough, (a) died 1750-1. John Bettesworth, LL.D., dean of the Arches and judge of the Prerogative court, died 1751. John Bold, an exemplary parish priest y author of esteemed religious tracts, died 1751. William Powell, D.D., dean of S. Asaph, died 1751. Robert Eyton, archdeacon of Ely, died 1751. Thomas Stackhouse, vicar of Beenham, Berks, author of a History of the Bible, and other works of merit, died 1752. William Young, lexicographer, died 1752. Samuel Croxall, D.D., archdeacon of Salop, author of numerous works, died 1752. George Adams, author of translations from Sophocles, ser- mons, dissertations, and other works, flourished 1752. (a) There is a high character of this nobleman in the sermon preached at his funeral, by John Skynner, M.A., fellow of this college, afterwards public orator. s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 125 Samuel Drake, D.D., fellow, antiquary, died 1753. John Pilgrim, an able greek scholar, died 1753. Thomas Mangey, D.D., fellow, canon of Durham, editor of Philo Judseus, and author of various works of merit, died 1754-5. George Smith, a bishop amongst the nonjurors, and an able antiquary, died 1756. John Henley, (commonly called orator Hen- ley) a very eccentric man of considerable attainments, died 1756. Timothy Neve, D.D., archdeacon of Huntingdon, died 1757. Christopher Hunter, M.D., physician and antiquary, died 1757. Edmund Sawyer, master in chancery, editor of Winwood's Memorials, died 1759. Egerton Leigh, LL.D., arch- deacon of Salop, died 1760. John Lynch, D.D., dean of Canterbury, died 1760. John Kippax, archdeacon of Man, died 1760. William Murdin, editor of a valuable collection of State Papers, died 1761. Charles Talbot Blayney, lord Blayney, dean of Killaloe, died 1761. Robert Smyth, (0) rector of Woodstone, Huntingdonshire, a laborious and correct antiquary, died 1761. William Noel, justice of the common pleas, died 1762. James Tunstall, D.D., fellow, public orator, afterwards vicar of Rochdale, an erudite divine and critic, died 1762. Charles Churchill, poet, died 1764. Richard Widmore, author of the History of Westminster abbey, died 1764. Richard Osbaldeston, bishop of London, died 1764. John Newcome, D.D., master, dean of Rochester, and Margaret professor of divinity, died (a) From Mr. Smyth was derived whatever is valuable in Edmund Carter's History of the University, 1753. Unfortunately Mr. Smyth's peculiar handwriting led Carter into not a few preposterous mistakes. 126 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 1765. John Taylor, LL.D., fellow, archdeacon of Buckingham, a learned critic and philologist, died 1766. Samuel Squire, fellow, bishop of S. David's, died 1766. Charles Balguy, M.D., physician at Peter- borough, translator of Boccacio, died 1767. William Geekie, D.D., archdeacon of Gloucester, died 1767. David Edwards, master in chancery, died about 1767. John Taylor (commonly called chevalier Taylor), a celebrated oculist, died about 1767. Leonard Chappelow, fellow, professor of arabic, died 1768. Sir Eichard Wrottesly, dean of Wor- cester, died 1769. Edward Yardley, fellow, arch- deacon of Cardigan, author of numerous sermons, and of valuable collections relating to the church of S. David's, died 1770. Mark Akenside, poet, died 1770. Francis Drake, author of Eboracum, died 1770. John Burton, author of Monasticon Eboracense and other works, died 1771. William Clarke, fellow, chancellor of the church of Chichester, a learned divine and antiquary, died 1771. Thomas Rutherforth, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of divi- nity, an able writer, died 1771. Adam Askew, M.D., a distinguished physician at Newcastle-upon- Tyne, died 1773. Thomas Bedford, a nonjuring divine, editor of Simeon of Durham, died 1773. William Knowler, LL.D., editor of the Straff ord Letters, died 1774. William Samuel Powell, D.D., master, archdeacon of Colchester, died 1775. James Bate, fellow, author of sermons and works against the methodists and quakers, died 1775. Lewis Crusius, D.D., master of Charterhouse school, author of the Lives of the Roman poets, died 1775. Stotherd s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 127 Abdy, archdeacon of Essex, died 1775. George Carr, author of 3 vols. of sermons, died 1776. William Gostling, the Canterbury antiquary, died 1777. William Bowyer, a learned London printer, died 1777. Arthur Hele, prebendary of Wells, author of English Harmonies of the Gospel, died 1778. Sir Sidney Stafford Smythe, chief baron of the exchequer, died 1778. Samuel Ogden, D.D., fellow, Woodwardian professor, author of excellent sermons, died 1778. William Worthington, D.D., prebendary of York and S. Asaph, author of numerous theological works, died 1778. John Cradock, fellow, archbishop of Dublin, died 1778. John Green, fellow, bishop of Lincoln, died 1779. Richard Rich- mond, bishop of Sodor and Man, died 1780. James King, D.D., dean of Raphoe, died 1780. Edward Barnard, D.D., fellow, provost of Eton, died 1781. Charles Watson Wentworth, K.G., marquis of Rock- ingham, first lord of the treasury, died 1782. George Mason, bishop of Sodor and Man, died 1783. Richard Croftes, M.P. for the university, died 1783. Thomas Hartley, a leading Swedenborgian writer, died 1784. Thomas Constable, archdeacon of the east riding of York, died 1786. Sir George Edward Wilmot, M.D., fellow, physician to the forces, died 1786. Edward Clarke, fellow, rector of Buxted, author of Letters concerning the Spanish Nation and of other works, died 1786. Soame Jenyns, an able essayist and miscellaneous writer, died 1787. Edmund Law, bishop of Carlisle, died 1787. Zachary Brooke, D.D., fellow, Margaret professor of divinity, died 1788. William Ludlam, fellow, celebrated for his 128 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. discoveries in mechanics and mathematics, died 1788. Fletcher Norton, lord Grantley, sometime speaker of the house of commons, died 1789. George Holcombe, archdeacon of Caermarthen, died 1789. Thomas Seward, prebendary of Salisbury and Lich- field, author of political and other works, and editor of Beaumont and Fletcher, died 1790. William Dade, a laborious Yorkshire antiquary, died 1790. John Hulse, the founder of the Hulsean lectures, &c. died 1790. Hugh Boyd, a celebrated political writer, died 1791. William Weston, fellow, vicar of Camp- den, Gloucestershire, author of sermons and con- troversial works, died 1791. Sir William Fitzherbert, an able miscellaneous writer, died 1791. John Eoss, fellow, bishop of Exeter, died 1792. Robert Clive, archdeacon of Salop, died 1792. William Cradock, dean of S. Patrick's, died 1793. Francis Okely, a Moravian, author of mystical works, died 1794. Michael Tyson, fellow, archdeacon of Hun- tingdon, died 1794. Richard Southgate, rector of Worksop, Nottinghamshire, celebrated as a numis- matist and divine, died 1795. Andrew Saint John, dean of Worcester, died 1795. Charles Dodgson, bishop of Elphin, died 1795. Thomas Balguy, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Winchester, an admirable writer, died 1795. Sir William Burrell, LL.D., chan- cellor of the diocese of Worcester, author of large collections for the History of Sussex, died 1796. Anthony Shepherd, D.D., Plumian professor, died 1796. Thomas Thynne, marquess of Bath, died 1796. Samuel Pegge, LL.D., fellow, prebendary of Lichfield and Lincoln, an indefatigable antiquary, died 1796. BTIXUOXlf C8 ST 3OJSSTS C0XXEG-E . s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 129 George Travis, archdeacon of Chester, died 1797. William Mason, poet, died 1797. Egerton Leigh, archdeacon of Salop, died 1798. George Augustus Cowper, earl Cowper, ambassador at Florence, a famous collector of pictures, died 1799. David Simpson, author of a Plea for Religion, and many other works, died 1799. William Stevens, D.D., fellow, rector of Great Snoring, Norfolk, author of 3 vols. of sermons, and a treatise on human happiness, died 1800* William Wilson, fellow, author of Illustrations of the New Testament, died 1800. Samuel Pegge, antiquary, died 1800. William Heberden, M.D., fellow, distin- guished as a physician and author, died 1801* William Drake, D.D., vicar of Isleworth, antiquary and philologist, died 1801. James Chelsum, D.D., essayist, and amateur of the fine arts> died 1801. Erasmus Darwin, poet, died 1802. Charles Peter Layard, D.D., fellow, dean of Bristol, died 1803. Joseph Richardson, author of satirical and dramatic works, died 1803. Charles Nalson Cole, an able legal antiquary, died 1804. John Skynner, fellow, public orator, died 1805. Charles Cornwallis, marquess Cornwallis, K.G., a distinguished military commander, and successively governor general of India, and lord lieutenant of Ireland, died 1805, Thomas Gisborne, M.D., fellow, president of the college of physicians, died 1806. John Hutton, fellow, vicar of Burton in Kendal, antiquary and philologist, died 1806. Henry Kirke White, poet, died 1806. John Symonds, LL.D., professor of modern history, died 1807. George Downing Whit- VOL. II. K 130 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. tington, author of a survey of the ecclesiastical an- tiquities of France, died 1807. George Townshend, marquess Townshend, master general of the ordnance, and lord lieutenant of Ireland, died 1807. John Mainwaring, fellow, Margaret professor of divinity, died 1807. Thomas Jones, a learned and highly esteemed tutor of Trinity college, died 1807. William Elliston, D.D., master of Sidney college, died 1807. Theophilus Lindsay, fellow, sometime vicar of Catterick, a noted Unitarian writer, died 1808. Philip Yorke, viscount Eoyston, translator of Lyco- phron, died 1808. George Ashby, fellow, rector of Barrow, Suffolk, an able classical scholar and antiquary, died 1808. John Kelly, LL.D., a great Celtic scholar engaged in translating the Bible into the Manks language, died 1809. Thomas Ludlam, author of essays on moral and theological subjects, died 1811. John Home Tooke, politician and phi- lologist, died 1812. Henry Martyn, fellow, a zealous and devoted missionary, and an able oriental scholar, died 1812. Francis Annesley, LL.D., first master of Downing college, died 1812. Sir Souldern Law- rence, fellow, justice of the king's bench, died 1814. Samuel Whitbread, a leading member of the house of commons, died 1815. William Craven, D.D., master, professor of Arabic, died 1815. Sir Isaac Pennington, M.D., fellow, Regius professor of physic, died 1817. John Somerville, lord Somcrvillc, (a) a celebrated agriculturist, died 1819. Josiah Thomas, archdeacon of Bath, author of numerous works, died 1820. William Pearce, D.D., fellow, dean (a) See his character in Sir Walter Scott's Miscellaneous Prose Works. s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 131 of Ely, and master of Jesus college, died 1820, Thomas Dunham Whitaker, LL.D., author of the History of Whalley and other excellent topographical works, died 1821. John Henniker, lord Henniker, author of archaeological essays, died 1821. Edmund Outram, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Derby, and sometime public orator, died 1821. Thomas Kipling, D.D., fellow, dean of Peterborough, died 1822. William Stuart, archbishop of Armagh, died 1822. Robert Stewart, marquess of Londonderry, K.G., secretary of state, died 1822. Cornelius Neale, (o) fellow, an exemplary and pious divine, died 1823. Edward Cliristian, fellow, Downing professor of law and editor of Blackstone's Commentaries, died 1823. Thomas Villiers, earl of Clarendon, died 1824. Richard Beadon, fellow, bishop of Bath and Wells, died 1824. Samuel Parr, LL.D., a great classical scholar, died 1825. John Fisher, fellow, bishop of Salisbury, died 1825. John Lens, serjeant-at-law, a lawyer of great ability and extensive practice, died 1825. Sir Frederick Henniker, traveller in the East, died 1825. Henry Frederick Thynne Carteret, lord Carteret, died 1826. Hugh Owen, archdeacon of Salop, one of the authors of the History of Shrews- bury, died 1827. Robert Stanser, bishop of Nova Scotia, died 1829. Folliot Herbert Walker Corne^ wall, fellow, bishop of Worcester, died 1831. James Fawcett, fellow, Norrisian professor of divinity, died 1831. Fearon Fallows, fellow, astronomer royal (a) His remains consisting of Sermons, Notes, and various other compo- sitions in prose and verse, with a memoir by William Jowett, M.A., sometime fellow of this college ; privately printed, Lond. 8vo. 1833. K2 132 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. at the cape of Good Hope, died 1831. Thomas Hyde Villiers, secretary of the board of controul, died 1832. Richard Ryder, secretary of state, died 1832. Lord John Townshend, sometime M.P. for the university, died 1833. Rowland Hill, a popular preacher amongst the dissenters, author of numerous works, died 1833. William Wilberforce, the cele- brated opponent of slavery, died 1833. Charles Philip Yorke, successively secretary at war and secretary of state, died 1834. James Stanier Clarke, LL.D., canon of Windsor, historiographer royal, author and editor of numerous works, died 1834. Henry Ryder, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, died 1836. Richard le Poer Trench, earl of Clan- carty, G.C.B., sometime ambassador at the Hague, died 1837. John Charles Villiers, earl of Clarendon, died 1838. John Newling, fellow, canon residen- tiary of Lichfield, famed for extensive knowledge of heraldry and genealogy, died 1838. Sir Gerard Noel Noel, who represented Rutland for fifty years, died 1838. Thomas Catton, fellow, a distinguished astronomer, died 1838. James Wood, D.D., master, dean of Ely, an able writer on algebra, died 1839. Herbert Marsh, fellow, bishop of Peterborough, died 1839. Edward Clive, earl Powis, successively gover- nor of Madras, and lord lieutenant of Ireland, died 1839. Samuel Butler, fellow, head master of Shrews- bury school, and afterwards bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, died 1839. Edward Berens Blackburn, chief justice at the Mauritius, died 1839. Alleyne Fitzher- bert, lord Saint Helens, diplomatist, died 1839. Thomas De Grey, lord Walsingham, successively s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 133 archdeacon of Winchester and Surrey, died 1839. George Peter Holford, sometime secretary of the board of controul, and an active promoter of religious and benevolent objects, died 1839. John Palmer, fellow, professor of Arabic, died 1840. Thomas Calvert, D.D., fellow, warden of Manchester, and sometime Norrisian professor of divinity, died 1840. William Ainger, D.D., fellow, principal of S. Bees college, and canon of Chester, died 1840. Sir John Bayley, successively justice of the king's bench and baron of the exchequer, died 1841. James Walker, bishop of Edinburgh, died 1841. William Harrison, a distinguished parliamentary counsel, died 1841. Sir Joseph Littledale, fellow, justice of the king's bench, died 1842. James Bowstead, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, died 1843. Thomas Whytehead, fellow, missionary in New Zealand, author of poems in english and the language of New Zealand, died 1843. John Bacon Sawrey Morritt, author of dissertations on classical anti- quities and translations from and imitations of the greek minor poets, died 1843. John Herman Merivale, commissioner of bankruptcy, a copious contributor to periodical literature, and author of poems original and translated, died 1844. Francis Seymour Larpent, (a) fellow, judge advocate of the army in the peninsula, died 1845. William Heberden, M.D., fellow, royal physician, and author of professional and other works, died 1845. George (a) His private Journal, edited by his brother sir George Larpent, was published in 3 vols. 1853, and there was a second edition in 2 vols. the same year. 134 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. Gordon, D.D., fellow, dean of Lincoln, died 1845. Thomas Gisborne, canon of Durham, an able and voluminous author, died 1846. Thomas Clarkson, philanthropist, the determined opponent of slavery, died 1846. Dudley Ryder, earl of Harrowby, some- time lord president of the council, died 1847. Hugh Percy, duke of Northumberland, K.G., lord lieutenant of Ireland, and chancellor of the university, died 1847. Thomas Smart Hughes, fellow, author of numerous works, including a History of England in continuation of Hume and Smollet, died 1847. Joseph Holden Pott, successively archdeacon of S. Alban's and of London, and chancellor of the church of Exeter, author of numerous sermons, charges, and pamphlets, died 1847. Samuel Birch, D.D., fellow, prebendary of S. Paul's, and Gresham professor of geometry, died 1848. Edward Herbert, earl Powis, K.G., celebrated as a champion of the established church, died 1848. Thomas Starkie, Downing professor of law, an able writer on legal subjects, died 1849. Edward Stanley, bishop of Norwich, died 1849. William Wordsworth, poet, died 1850. Daniel Guilford Wait, LL.D., a distinguished orientalist, died 1850. Richard Boyle Bernard, D.D., dean of Leighlin, died 1850. Sir Lancelot Shadwell, fellow, vice-chan- cellor of England, died 1850. Charles Ewan Law, recorder of London, and M.P. for the university, died 1850. George Gough Calthorpe, lord Calthorpe, died 1851. Jelinger Symons, rector of Radnage Bucks, an able botanical writer, died 1851. John Haviland, M.D., fellow, Regius professor of physic, died 1851. Algernon Frampton, M.D., fellow, a distinguished s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 135 London physician, died 1851. Anthony Hamilton, archdeacon of Taunton, died 1851. G-eorge Millers, author of an admirable description of Ely Cathedral, died 1852. Thomas Spencer, fellow, perpetual curate of Hinton Charterhouse, celebrated for his incessant exertions to elevate the labouring classes, died 1853. Henry Raikes, chancellor of the diocese of Chester, an able and judicious antiquary, died 1854. John William Whittaker, D.D., vicar of Blackburn, author of many controversial works, died 1854. Thomas Denman, lord Denman, chief justice of the queen's bench, died 1854. Charles Scott Luxmoore, dean of S. Asaph, died 1854. Robert Henry Clivc, an active member of parliament, and good antiquary, died 1854. Owen Emeric Vidal, bishop of Sierra Leone, died 1854. Sir George Henry Rose, diplo- matist, editor of the Marchmont Papers, died 1855. Sir William Molesworth, secretary of state, editor of the works of Thomas Hobbes, died 1855. John Hildyard, commissary of the university, died 1855. William Selwyn, author of an esteemed work on the law of Nisi Prius and of Law Reports, died 1855. John Cowling, fellow, an able lawyer in extensive practice, died 1855. William Jowett, fellow, an active missionary, author of Christian Researches and other works, died 1855. John Charles Snowball, fellow, author of mathematical works of repute, died 1855. William Williams, an extraordinary linguist, and a great encourager of Cambrian litera- ture, died 1855. John James Blunt, fellow, Margaret professor of divinity, an able theological writer, died 1855. Hugh Percy, bishop of Carlisle, died 185G. 136 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. Sir William Temple, diplomatist and collector of classical antiquities, died 1856. George Augustus Frederick Percy Sydney Smythe, viscount Strang- ford, author of Historic Fancies, died 1857. Ralph Tatham, D.D., master, sometime public orator, died 1857. William Yates Peel, M.P. for the university, died 1858. Sir William Cockburn, D.D., fellow, dean of York, author of numerous works, died 1858. John Henry Browne, fellow, archdeacon of Ely, died 1858. George Child Villiers, earl of Jersey, died 1859. Frederick Robinson, earl of Ripon, sometime first lord of the treasury, died 1859. James Inman, D.D., fellow, professor of mathematics at Portsmouth, an able writer on naval architecture, died 1859. Frederick William Hervey, marquess of Bristol, diecl 1859. Thomas Philip de Grey, earl do Grey, successively first lord of the admiralty, and lord lieutenant of Ireland, an excellent architect, and munificent patron of the fine arts, died 1859. Thomas Carr, bishop of Bombay, died 1859. Charles Butler Clough, dean of S. Asaph, died 1859. Henry Walter, fellow, professor of natural philosophy at Haileybury college, author of a History of England and other works, died 1859. Richard Parkinson, D.D., principal of S. Bees college, canon of Man- chester, and author of sermons, poems, and other works, died 1859. Gilbert Elliot, earl of Minto, G.C.B., sometime first lord of the admiralty, died 1859. Francis Cox Paget Reynolds, archdeacon of Bombay, died 1859. George Pearson, fellow, sometime Christian advocate, editor of Coverdalo's works, died 1860. S. JOHN S COLLEGE. 137 BUILDINGS. This college which has an imposing front towards the street, consists of four distinct courts erected at various periods, three being on the eastern side of the Cam and the fourth on the western bank of that river. The tower gateway leading to the first court is a lofty and very noble structure of brick ornamented with stone. Over the entrance in an elaborately decorated niche is a good statue of S. John the evangelist, beneath which are the arms and supporters of the foundress carved with great freedom. Her badges, the rose and portcullis crowned, and the daisy, also appear on the exterior and in the vaulting of the gate- way. 138 S. JOHN'S COLLEGE. The first court which is for the most part of brick with stone enrichments, and measures two hundred and twenty-eight by two hundred and sixteen feet, was erected by the executors of the foundress. The clerk of the works was Oliver Scales, and the structure appears to have been completed in 1520. On the south side is the chapel, and on the west the hall. Over a simply elegant doorway, leading to this latter structure and to the second court, is a statue of the foundress. The southern side of this court has a modern facing of stone, erected in or about 1774 to repair injuries occasioned by an accidental fire. The second court which is also of brick with stone enrichments, measures two hundred and seventy by two hundred and forty feet. The foundation stone was laid on the 2nd of October, 1598. The northern side was completed in 1599 and the whole in 1602. The architect was Ralph Simons. (a) The builder named Wigge seems to have been unfortunate in the undertaking as he was soon afterwards cast into prison for debt. Robert Booth, B.D., one of the fellows, superintended the erection and was of essential service to the society. The total cost was 3655. Mary Cavendish, wife of Gilbert Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury, K.G., engaged to pay 3400, which was the amount of the original contract, but (a) He was the architect of Sidney and Emmanuel colleges, and to his talent we owe the great court of Trinity college. In Emmanuel college is his portrait with this inscription : " Effigies Rodolphi Simons Architecti sua? ^Etatis perfectissimi, Qui prteter plurima acdilicia, ab eo preclare facta, Duo Collegia, Emmanuelis hoc, Sydnij illud, extruxit integrc, magnam otiam partem Trinitatis reconcinnavit amplissimc." s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 139 in consequence of her misfortunes she was only able to contribute 2700, and the residue of the expencc was therefore defrayed by the society. The principal feature of this spacious and handsome court is the gateway tower on the western side. Over this gateway is a statue of the countess of Shrewsbury, presented to the college by her nephew William Cavendish, the famous duke of Newcastle. The third court which abuts westwardly on the river is of brick with stone ornaments. It contains on the north side the library, which, with the rooms under it, was completed in 1624. The southern (a) and western sides were commenced in 1669. The total cost of that portion of the fabric was 5256. 6s. 3|J., whereof 2010. Is. Sd. was con- tributed in money and materials by various bene- factors/^ the balance of 3246. 4s. l\d. being (a) Mr. Cole records that Thomas Baker, the historian of the college, " lived up one pair of stairs in the third court on the south side." (b) We subjoin a list of such contributions as do not occur in our list of benefactors : Michael Adams, B.D., fellow of Manchester, and rector of Treyton, Yorkshire, 10; William Allestry, esq., of Derby, lead worth 3; John Armstrong, B.D., fellow, 15; Thomas Ball, rector of Elton, Huntingdonshire, 20; Godfrey Barton, vicar of Stanton by Dale, near Derby, lead worth 3 ; Peter Barwick, M.D., a gratuitous loan of 208 for many years ; Isaac Basire, D.D., archdeacon of Northumberland, and canon of Durham, 20; Richard Beresford, D.D., rector of North Wingfield, Derbyshire, 20 ; Walter Bernard, vicar of Worksop, Nottinghamshire, 5 ; Samuel Bold, vicar of Swarston, lead worth 3; Robert Bonner, vicar of Hartburn, Northumberland, 3 ; Thomas Brown, archdeacon of Derby, and vicar of Wirksworth, 10 ; Anthony Burgess, rector of S. Bartholomew the great, London, 10. 10s.; John Burgoyne, of Button, Bedfordshire, esq., (afterwards bart.,) 5 ; Kichard Carr, of Newcastle upon Tyne, esq., (afterwards knight,) 10; Zachary Cawdrey, rector of Barthomley, Cheshire, 10; Thomas Charlton, esq., of Chilwell, Nottinghamshire, 3; John Cox, rector of Risby, Suffolk, 13; sir William Dalston, of Heath hall Yorkshire, 10 ; Thomas Davison, vicar of Norton co. Durham, 10; Thomcs Davison, esq., alderman of Newcastle upon 140 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. defrayed by the society. On the western side of this court is a small cloister. This side of the court and the river front may be characterised as extremely quaint and picturesque. Tyne, 10 ; Thomas Dowsing, gent, of Cottenham, Cambridgeshire, 5 ; Cresheld Draper, esq., of Crayford, Kent, 20; Richard Edwards, esq., of Arlesey Bedfordshire, 10. 10s. ; Cuthbert Ellison, esq., of Newcastle upon Tyne, 10; Henry Eyre, M.D., of Bramley, Yorkshire, 10; George Fothergill, rector of Worksop, Nottinghamshire, 10; Thomas Gladwyn, esq., of Tup ton, Derbyshire, lead to the value of 40; John Goddard, rector of Caistor S. Edmund, Norfolk, 20 ; George Gregory, esq., Nottingham, 10; Arthur Heron, B.D., rector of Bardwell, Suffolk, 10; Michael Honywood, D.D., dean of Lincoln, 10 ; Cadwallader Jones, rector of Reresby, Leicestershire, 10 ; Robert King, esq., of Great Thurlow, Suffolk, 5 ; John Lake, prebendary of York and rector of Prestwich in Lancashire, (afterwards bishop of Chichester,) 5 ; William Lewis, LL.D., sometime fellow of Jesus college, 5 ; John Manners, earl of Rutland, 20 ; Edward Mawson, rector of Hunsworth, Yorkshire, o ; William lord Maynard of Easton and Wicklow, 20; Henry Miller, esq., of Derby, lead worth 3 ; John Nicol, esq., alderman of London, 25; Dudley, lord North, of Kirtling, 10; sir Francis North, afterwards lord Guildford, and lord keeper, 10 ; sir Henry North, bart., of Milden- hall, 5; William Osborn, vicar of S. Peter Derby, lead worth 3; Nicholas Pasmore, rector of Collyweston, Northamptonshire, carriage of stone to the value of 4 ; George Gilbert Pierce, esq., of Maidstone, 5 ; John Perne, M.A., fellow of Peterhouse, 5; Francis Plott, lead worth 3 ; sir Metcalfe Robinson, bart. of Newby, 40 ; Thomas Rokeby, esq., of Mortham, Yorkshire, 10; Christopher Sanderson, gent, of Newcastle upon Tyne, 10. ; sir Thomas Sclater, fellow of Trinity college, a gratuitous loan of 200 for two years ; Elizabeth Seckford, widow, of Seckford hall, Suffolk, 5 ; Thomas Seniour, gent, of Dodsworth, Yorkshire, 3 ; sir Robert Shafto, of Newcastle upon Tyne, 10 10s.; John Sheldon, rector of Alphington, Devon, 10 ; William Soame, of Little Thurlow, Suffolk, 5 ; John Stanhope, esq., of Eliaston Derbyshire, lead worth 3 ; Edward Trotter, esq., of Skelton castle, Yorkshire, 10 ; Godfrey Watkinson, gent, of Brampton, Derbyshire, lead worth 3 ; Henry Watkinson, LL.D., chan- cellor of York, 10; William Watson, LL.D., dean of Battle, 10; John Wentworth, esq., of Wooley, Yorkshire, 20 ; Thomas White, rector of All- hallows the Great, London, (afterwards bishop of Peterborough), 5. 5s. ; Thomas Wilson, vicar of Wallsgrave, lead worth 3 ; Thomas Wolsey, D.D., archdeacon of Northampton, and rector of Thornhaugh, 10; John Wood, gent, of Nabs, Yorkshire, locks, &c. worth 10; Richard Wrench, B.D., canon of Durham, 13 6s. 8d. s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. APPROACH TO THE BRIDGE LEADING TO THE FOURTH COURT. The fourth or new court, on the western side of the Cam, communicates with the other parts of the college by a handsome covered bridge of a single arch. On the southern side of this court is a vaulted cloister, having in the centre an elegant gateway with a rich pendent roof in the interior, and ex- ternally a low ornamented gable with lofty pinnacles at the corners. In the centre of the northern side of the court is a massive lantern tower with angular turrets. The southern and western fronts towards the college walks are much admired, and the eastern front which abuts on the Cam, has a massive and striking appearance. This court which is fronted with stone throughout, was commenced in 1827, partially occupied in 1830, and completed in 1831. 142 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. INTERIOR OF THE COVERED BRIDGE. The architects were Thomas Rickman, (a) and Henry Hutchinson (6) of Birmingham. (a) Thomas Rickman, born at Maidenhead, Berks, 8th June, 1 776, died at Birmingham in January, 1841. His Treatise on Gothic Architecture is well known and in high estimation. (6) Henry Hutchinson, born at Ticknall, Derbyshire, 26th Oct. 1800, died at Leamington Priors, 22nd Nov. 1831. He was buried at Hampton Lucy in Warwickshire, where there is a monument to his memory. The in- scription, which records the principal works on which he was engaged, especially notices the buildings at this college. s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 143 THE CHAPEL ((I) has still some handsome features, although the alterations and repairs made at succes- sive periods have detracted from the appearance it must have originally presented. The bishop of Ely's licence empowering bishop Fisher to consecrate the chapel bears date 26th of July, 1516. (b} The whole length of the building is one hundred and twenty feet, of which the choir occupies seventy- four. The breadth is twenty-five feet. There were formerly four chantries attached. Those of bishop Fisher and archdeacon Ashton on the north side will be hereafter noticed. The two on the south side, which have been long demolished, (c) were for Dr. Keyton, and Dr. Thompson, master of Christ's college. On the north side of the ante-chapel, under a handsomely ornamented arch, is a tomb enclosed with iron rails, on which is the painted recumbent effigy of Hugh Ashton, archdeacon of York, who according to the inscription, died 9 cal. Dec. 1522. Underneath is a cadaver. This monument is adorned with the rebus or device of the deceased, an ash springing from a tun. (d) Behind this monument, but separated from it (a) We have been indebted to " Some account of S. John's College chapel, Cambridge, its history and ecclesiology, being a paper read be- fore the Cambridge Architectural Society, February 18th, 1848, by F. C. Woodhouse, S. John's College." Camb. 8vo. 1848. (6) There has been much difference of opinion as to whether the chapel of the college occupies the site of the chapel of the hospital ; but the dis- tinct traces of early english work still remaining leaves little doubt that this is the case. (c) They appear in Loggan's view of the college. (d) The archdeacon was buried here, but had a similar tomb in York minster. The inscription is inaccurate as respects the date of his death. 144 s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. MONUMENT OF HUGH ASHTON. by a modern partition of wood, is archdeacon Ashton's chantry. It is nineteen feet ten inches by thirteen feet two inches, and is lighted by three small square- headed windows, two toward the north, and one towards the east. In the ante-chapel, immediately opposite the entrance to the choir, is a fine sitting statue of James Wood, D.D., master and dean of Ely, by E. H. Bailey, R.A. There are also in the ante-chapel brasses, tablets, and inscribed stones to the memory of Christopher Jackson, M.A., fellow and Linacre lecturer, 3 Jul. 1528; Nicholas Metcalfe, master, 1537; John Smith, D.D., canon of Durham, and rector of Bishop's Wear- mouth, born at Lowther in Westmorland, 1659, CBLflJEO._ST JOBUTS s. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 145 died 30 July, 1715 ; Thomas Baker, (f Audley End, 189. 182 S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. SOUTH END OF THE HALL. THE HALL, a good apartment neatly ornamented, on the eastern side of the principal court, is forty-five feet long, eighteen broad, and twenty-one high. It contains portraits of Thomas lord Audley, (a copy by J. Freeman from Holbein's picture at Audley end) ; Edward Stafford, duke of Buckingham, (a copy by J. Freeman, presented by Mr. Kerrich); bishop Rainbow (a copy by J. Freeman, presented by Dr. Peckard) ; sir Christopher Wray (a copy by J. Free- man, presented by William By water, M.A., 1788); Eichard Cumberland, bishop of Peterborough (a copy by Romney, presented by Dr. Cumberland, bishop of Kilmore) ; Dr. Peckard (by Ralph) ; Mrs. Peckard (by Ralph); Thomas Howard, earl of Suffolk, K.G., S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. 183 lord high treasurer ; Henry Howard, earl of Suffolk, born 1706, died 1745 (given by Sarah his wife, and painted by Gibson) ; Samuel Pepys, esq. (by Lely) ; John lord Howard and Braybrooke, K.B. ; and the hon. and rev. George Neville Grenville, master of this college and dean of Windsor. In the windows are the arms of the hon. and rev. George Neville Grenville ; John Oust, viscount Alford, M.A., 1833 ; John Lodge, M.A., president, 1829 ; William Waud, M.A., president, 1836; Stephen Glas Fawcett, M.A., dean, 1837; John Nathaniel Micklethwait, fellow, 1837; Percy Crutchley, 1827; C. B. Wynne, fellow commoner, 1839; Cavendish Hervey Foster, 1841 ; T. Cunliffe Lister, fellow commoner, 1843 ; William James Stracey, 1839 ; W. Lowther, 1839; William Somerset, 1841; Ralph Neville, M.A., 1837; C. Lisle Phillipps, 1831; Francis Hopkinson, fellow commoner, 1841 ; and William Fulke Lucy, 1843. On the wall at the upper end are painted the royal arms, the arms of lord Audley ; sir Christopher Wray ; Howard, earl of Suffolk ; and Stafford, duke of Buckingham. A handsome staircase at the lower end of the Hall leads to the Combination room, over the door of which are carved the coloured arms of Edward Lucas. (a) (a) Edward Lucas -was admitted of Corpus Christi college, in this uni- versity, in 1574, but took no degree. He glazed one of the windows in the old hall of that college in 1582. In that window his arms were often repeated, and there were inscriptions wherein he was designated as of London, gentleman. It is not known in what way he was connected with Magdalen college. 184 S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. THE COMBINATION ROOM, situate south of the Hall and approached therefrom, is a handsome and com- fortable apartment. It contains portraits of Thomas Busby, MUS.D., born Dec. 1755, died May, 1838, (presented by his daughter and painted by Lonsdale) ; the rev. Thomas Kerrich, M.A. ; the rev. professor Farish; and the rev. John Lodge. There are also engravings of the rev. Edward Warter, M.A. ; Richard lord Braybrooke, and sir Isaac Newton. THE COLLEGE LIBRARY, which was formerly kept in a chamber over the chapel, now occupies two hand- some apartments, communicating with each other on the ground floor westward of the chapel on the north side of the front court. At the upper end is an altar-piece of plaster of Paris coloured to resemble oak, representing the two Marys at the sepulchre. It was executed by Mr. Collins, and removed from the chapel at the period when that structure was restored and re- fitted. THE PEPYSIAN LIBRARY. Under the will of Samuel Pepys, esq., the college after the death of his nephew John Jackson, which occurred in or about 1724, became entitled to his rare and valuable collection of manuscripts and printed books, prints, and draw- ings. The following testamentary paper explains the terms on which these literary and pictorial trea- sures were received : For the further settlement and preservation of my said library, after the death of my nephew, John Jackson, I do hereby declare, that could I be sure of a constant succession of heirs from my said nephew, qualified like himself for the use of such S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. 185 a library, I should not entertain a thought of its ever being alienated from them: but this uncertainty considered, with the infinite pains and time and cost employed in my collecting, methodising, and reducing the same to the state it now is, I cannot but be greatly solicitous that all possible provision should be made, for its unalterable preservation and perpetual security, against the ordinary fate of such collections, falling into the hands of an incompetent heir ; and thereby being sold, dissipated, or imbezzled : and since it has pleased God to visit me in a manner that leaves little appearance of being myself restored to a condition of myself concerting the measures for attaining these ends, I must and do with great confidence rely upon the sincerity and discretion of my executor and said nephew, for putting in execution the powers given them, by my fore-mentioned will, relating hereto, requiring that the same be brought to a determination in twelve months' time after my decease, and that special regard be had therein to the following particulars, which I declare to be my present thoughts and prevailing inclinations in this matter, viz. : 1. That after the death of my said nephew, my said library be placed and for ever settled in one of our Universities, and rather in that of Cambridge than Oxford. 2. And rather in a private college there than in the Public Library. 3. And in the colleges of Trinity or Magdalen preferable to all others. 4. And of these two, ceteris paribus, rather in the latter, for the sake of my own and nephew's education therein/") 5. That in whichsoever of the two it is, a fair roome be provided therein on purpose for it, and wholely and solely appropriated thereto. G. And if in Trinity, that the said roome be contiguous to, and have communication with, the new library there. 7. And if in Magdalen, that it be in the new building there, and any part thereof, at my nephew's election. (a) John Jackson of Magdalen college has latin verses in the university collection, on the birth of the prince of Wales, 1688. He proceeded B.A. 1089-90. 186 S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. 8. That my said library be continued in its present form, and no other books mixed therein, save what my nephew may add to them, of his own collecting in distinct presses. 9. That the said room and books so placed and adjusted be called by the name of Bibliotheca Pepysiana. 10. That this Bibliotheca Pepysiana be under the sole power and custody of the master of the college for the time being, who shall neither himself convey, nor suffer to be conveyed by others, any of the said books from thence, to any other place, except to his own lodge in the said college, nor there have more than ten of them at a time, and that of those also a strict entry be made, and accompt kept, of the time of their having been taken out and returned, in a book to be provided, and remain in the said library, for that purpose only. 11. That before my said library be put into the possession of either of the said colleges, that college, for which it shall be designed, first enter into covenants, for performance of the foregoing articles. 12. And that, for a yet further security herein, the said two colleges of Trinity and Magdalen have a reciprocal check upon one another, and that college which shall be in present possession of the said library be subject to an annual visitation from the other, and to the forfeiture thereof, to the like posses- sion and use of the other, upon conviction of any breach of their said covenants. S. PEPYS. The following is an account of some of the more curious and interesting articles which this library contains : Mr. Pepys's Diary from 1st January, 1659-60 to 31st May, 1669, 6 vols. closely written in short hand. This extraordinary Diary was long hidden under its mysterious characters. It at length attracted the attention of the hon. George Neville, the master, and his brother the late lord Braybrooke, visitor of the college. They proceeded to consult their uncle lord Grenville, the eminent scholar and statesman. He had been much accustomed to reading cypher, and furnished a key which unfolded in the first few pages much interesting matter. S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. 187 The manuscript was then submitted, together with the key, to the rev. John Smith/") by whose industry and perseverance the Diary was at length completely decyphered. Its publication being resolved on, lord Braybrooke undertook the task of editing it, and added much valuable information in the shape of notes. The first edition appeared in 2 vols. 4to. 1825. The work was at once hailed as highly entertaining, and affording important additions to our knowledge of the times to which it relates/ 6 ) A second edition appeared in 5 vols. 8vo. 1828. The third edition published in 5 vols. 12mo. 1848, 9/ c) is more voluminous than either of the former, such parts only being reserved as are entirely unfit for publication. A fourth edition in 4 vols. 8vo. appeared in 1854. Papers of State, 3 vols. fo. In the first of these volumes are the extraordinary letters between lord Robert Dudley, afterwards earl of Leicester, and Thomas Blount, relative to the death of Amy Robsart.W The Maitland Manuscripts, 2 vols. fo. and 4to. Ancient Scottish poems collected by sir Richard Maitland of Lethington, who died 1586. John Pinkerton in 1786 published a selection from these poems, 2 vols. 8vo. The relation of the escape of king Charles II. from Worcester, dictated to Mr. Pepys by the king at Newmarket, 3 and 5 Oct., 1680. This has been printed. The original Libro de Cargos, as to the provision, ammuni- tion, &c. of the Provedor of the Spanish Armada. 2 vols. fo. Account of the family of Carew, decorated with numerous and beautifully emblazoned coats of arms. History of Christ's hospital in London, fo. History of Milford Haven. 4to. (a) Mr. Smith who is of S. John's was formerly deputy esquire bedel. He now holds the rectory of Baldock in Hertfordshire. In 1841 he pub- lished in 2 vols. 8vo. Mr. Pepys's Correspondence and Voyage to Tangier. (6) See Francis Jeffrey's notice of the work in the Edinburgh Keview for September, 1825, in Jeffrey's Contributions to the Edinburgh Iteview, ed. 1853, p. 224. (c) Some copies have the date 1851. (d) Printed in the Appendix of the first vol. to the third edition of Pepys's Diary, 381 388, and more accurately in Bartlett's Historical and Descriptive account of Cumnor Place, 39 57. 188 8. MAKY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. Poetry by Chaucer, unpublished. Ovid's Metamorphoses: printed by Mr. Hibbert for the Eoxburghe club. Collections of Caligraphy. Prints and drawings illustrative of the history, antiquities, and topography of London, 2 vols. fo., including considerable additions made by Mr. Jackson. Engraved portraits and miscellaneous prints, 4 vols. fo. Books printed by Caxton, De Worde, Pynson, and other early english printers. Many of these books are very rare. The following are supposed to be unique : Here begyneth a lyttel treatise that sheweth how every man and woman oughte to faste and absteyne them from fleshe on the Wednesday, 4to. n. d. The foundacyon of the chapel of Walsingham, 4to. n. d. (in verse). Douatus pro pueris, 4to. n. d. The epitaffe of the most noble and valyaunt Jaspar, late Duke of Beddeforde, 4to. (in verse). Ordinale Sarum (De Worde), 1503, 4to. The Boke named the Royall, 1507. Here begyneth the Justes of the moneth of May parfurnyshed and done by Charles Brandon, Thomas Kynuet, Willy am Hussy, and Gyles Capell. The xxii yere of the reygne of our Souerayne lorde Kynge Henry the seventh, 4to. (in verse). Here begyneth the Justes and tourney of the moneth of June, parfurnyshed and done by Richard Graye, erle of Kent, by Charles Brandon wyth theyr two aydes agaynst all comers. The xxii yere of the reygne of our Souerayne Lorde Kynge Henry vii, 4to. (in verse). Foedus Matrimonii inter Carolum Maximiliani Imperatoris filiam, et Mariam Henrici vn. Regis Anglise filiam, 4to. 1508. The Rote or Myrror of Consolatyon and comforte, 4to. 1509. A vellum copy of Pynson's Missale ad usum insignis et preclare ecclesie Sarum, 1520. The worthie hysteric of the most noble and valyaunt Knight Plasidas, otherwise called Eustas, who was martyred for the profession of Jesus Christ. Gathered in English verse by John Partridge, in the yere of our Lord 1566, 12mo. The most famouse and worthie historic of the worthy Lady Panduola, daughter to the mighty Paynim, the great Turke, 1566, 12mo. (in verse). The goodli history of the most noble and beautifull Ladyc Lucres of Sicne in Tuskan, and S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. 189 of her lover Eurialus, vcrje plcsaunt and delectable unto the reder, 1567, 12mo. The northern mother's blessing. The way of thrift. Written nine years before the death of G. Chaucer, 1597, 12mo. (poetry). Early english ballads, 5 vols. fo. This collection which was commenced by the illustrious John Selden, was of great use to bishop Percy in the compilation of his Keliques, and to Thomas and R. II. Evans in their collection of old ballads. A copy of Dr. Davies's Cambrobrytanicae Cymrascaeque linguae Institutiones, (London, fo. 1592) presented by the celebrated James Howell to Ben Jonson, kal. Jan. 1634. On the fly-leaf is a latin letter Howellus Johnstono, at the foot whereof is written " To THE poett Mr. Benjamin Johnston upon Dr. Davis Welsh Grammar." Sir Francis Drake's pocket tables neatly drawn on a small folding piece of vellum bearing his autograph. Tracts on short hand, 4 vols. 4to. Sea Tracts, 4 vols. 4to. London Gazette, 16651703. News pamphlets, 16591666. Liturgical Controversies, 5 vols. Convocation Pamphlets, 12 vols. Consutilia, 12 vols. Single sermons of the most celebrated presbyterian and independent preachers, 1640 1660. Tracts on the Popish plot, 6 vols. fo. Old Plays, 4 vols. 4to. Vulgaria, 4 vols. 4to. The most noted pieces of chivalry, art, pastime, devotion, and poetry in vogue with the english populace. Penny Merriments. Penny Witticisms. Penny Compliments. Penny Godlinesses. Tliis library was for many years kept in the front part of the new building. It was then removed to the rooms in which the college library is now placed, and afterwards to the present Master's Lodge. 190 S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. It is now deposited in apartments in the rear of the new building. According to the existing regulations, this library can only be consulted in the presence of the master or one of the four fellows on the old foundation, but the master has the privilege of taking a limited number of volumes to his lodge. THE MASTER'S LODGE formerly occupied the north- west angle of the principal court. The present Lodge erected on land which had belonged to the bishop of Ely, as impropriate rector of the parish of S. Giles, is north of the principal court, and is surrounded by spacious gardens and ornamental grounds. The first stone was laid 8th July, 1835 by his royal highness prince Greorge of Cambridge (now duke of Cambridge.) The Lodge contains a very fine painting of S. Mary Magdalen (by sir Martin Archer Shee, P.R.A., and presented to the college by lord de Dunstanville). There are also several portraits of the family of Ferrar and other portraits of historical interest, including one of Edward Stafford, duke of Buckingham, given to the college by that noted antiquary Browne Willis, and engraved by Hou- braken. The northern side of the grounds is occupied by a terrace, said to have been formed from the earth- works which bounded the old roman station at Cambridge. MASTERSHIP, FELLOWSHIPS, AND SCHOLARSHIPS. The mastership is in the patronage of the visitor, the S. MARY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. 191 owner of the estate of Audley end (the site of the dissolved abbey of Walden.) The government of the society is vested exclusively in the master and the four fellows of the original foundation. There are thirteen bye-fellowships, and nearly fifty scholarships and exhibitions. Under the new regulations, which will come into operation after the termination of vested rights, the bye-fellowships will be abolished, and the society will consist of the master and eight foundation-fellows. According to Dr. Caius, there were in 1573 the master, five fellows, three ministers, twenty-three pensioners, and seventeen sizars, in all forty-nine. In 1621, there were the master, ten fellows and twenty scholars; these with students, &c. making a total of ninety. Fuller, referring to 1635, states that there were a master, eleven fellows, twenty-two scholars, besides officers and servants of the foundation, with other students, being in all one hundred and forty. In August, 1641, ninety-six members of this college contributed 5 to a poll-tax. In 1672, there were the master, fifteen fellows, and thirty-one scholars, besides officers and servants of the foundation with other students, being in all one hundred and eighteen. Carter in his History of the University, published 1753, says that the members of this college were the master, sixteen fellows, and twenty-five scholars and exhibitioners, and that the total number usually of the college was forty or upwards. 192 S. MAEY MAGDALEN COLLEGE. PATEONAGE. The rectory of Longstanton S. Michael in Cambridgeshire ; the rectory of Anderby cum Comberworth, and the perpetual curacy of Grain- thorpe, in Lincolnshire ; the vicarage of S. Catharine Cree in London ; the rectory of Great Fransham in Norfolk; the rectory of Aldrington in Sussex; and the vicarage of Steeple Ashton in Wiltshire. THE BRIDGE, TRINITY COLLEGE. TRINITY COLLEGE. THIS college, by far the most important in the uni- versity, was formed by the consolidation and extension of the two foundations of King's hall and Michael- house, accounts of which are subjoined. KING'S HALL. ( (a) S. Mary's, or as it is now called, Great S. Mary's, was appropriated to King's hall, 14 cal. Nov. 1343. (b) This increase in the number of scholars appears to have been merely temporary. (c) loth April, 18 Edw. III. [1344], Thomas de Totyngton, clerk, granted to the king a messuage in the parish of All Saints' (which he had lately purchased of Edmund de Walsingham,) between the tenement of Amabilia Pyke on the one part, and the tenement of William Atte Conduit on the other, the west head abutting upon the mansion of King's hall, and the east head upon the king's way. 12th March, 24 Edw. III. [1349-50], Thomas the son of sir John de Cambridge, knight, granted to the king a house, with the appurtenances, in the parish of All Saints' in Trumpington ward, lying between the garden of King's hall on the east and north parts, a certain waste place upon the running water on the west part, and a certain common lane on the south part. 22nd May, 25 Edw. III. [1351], Thomas the son of sir Constantino Mor- 202 TRINITY COLLEGE. In 41 Edw. III., the king gave law books to this hall, whereupon the following indenture was drawn up : Ceste endenture fait entre nre S r le Eoi dune pt et Nichol Boos gardein de la Sale des escolers nre dit S r le Roi en la univsite de Cantebr' d'autre part tesmoigne q' le dit Nichol a resceu p les mains William de Wykharn evesq de Wyncestr' Chanceller nre dit S r le Roi un corps de leie civel cest assavoir cynk livres un cod degestveyl de gestnoif forfad & petitvolym queux nre S r le Roi ad done a demer en meisme la meson ppe- tuelement sour la garde du gardein de la dite meson qi p r temps s'ra des queux meisme nre S r le Roi voet q Walt de Herford escoler de la dite meson eis devs lui a user p r sa apprise tant come il demira escoler en meisme la meson issint q' a quele heure qil deptira de la dit meson les ditz cynk livres soient baillees p le dit gardein as autres escolers de meisme la meson q' sont si poures qils ne se pourront nullement pvoier p eux ou p leur amys dautres tiels livres solont ce q' semblera au dit gardein pur le temps qils demorront illoeqs issint tout foith q les ditz livres ne soient alienez ne aloignez de la dite meson en tesmoign' &c. In 1373 there were great dissensions between the scholars of this house and those of Clare hall. Proceedings were taken before the university authori- ties. The king interfered and summoned the parties timer, knight, granted to the king a waste place of land with the appur- tenances, situate in the parish of All Saints', which extended itself in length against the south by a certain common lane, (leading from the king's street called the High street to the running water,) unto the garden of the hospital of S. John against the north, and in length (by the garden of King's hall, and the house formerly of sir John de Cambridge, knight,) against the east, unto the stream of water aforesaid, against the west. 9th June, 25 Edw. III. [1351], Thomas de Todyngton, granted to the king a messuage in the parish of All Saints', between the messuage formerly of Master Edmund de Walsingham against the south, and the messuage formerly of Amabilia Pyke against the north, the east head abutting upon the king's way, the west upon a place of land formerly of Edmund de Walsingham. TRINITY COLLEGE. 203 before his council at Westminster, on the quindene of Easter, when they appeared before Simon bishop of London, John bishop of Ely, John Knyvet the king's chancellor, and others of the council, to whom submitting themselves concord was estab- lished. Thomas Sturniyn, and Thomas de Badburgham, apothecary, burgess of Cambridge, in 50 Edw. III. granted to the warden and scholars, a messuage in the parish of All Saints', between the tenement of King's hall on the one part, and the lane called King's childer lane on the other, one head abutting on the High street, which messuage was formerly of William Atte Conduit. Under a licence from Oliver Sutton, bishop of Lincoln, dated 25th of May, 1377, the churches of Grendon Underwood, and Fleet Marston in the county of Buckingham, were for the term of three years appropriated to the warden and scholars of this hall. Richard II. on 5th of March, in the third year of his reign [1379-80], gave a code of statutes for the government of this house. These he directed to be read thrice a year. Two stewards {a) were to be elected annually from amongst the scholars, and mass was to be said on every Sunday for the souls of Edw. II., Edw. III., and the king's father, and for the good estate of the king and realm. The scholars, who were to have a common table, were to be fourteen years of age, sufficiently instructed in the rules of (a) There were usually six stewards, two for the commons, two to take care of the fabric, and two to oversee the estates. 204 TRINITY COLLEGE. grammar, to be fit to study dialectics, and their scholarships were to be avoided by entering into religion, or, at the end of a year after obtaining a benefice ecclesiastical of the annual value of ten marks or temporal possessions of the annual value of 5, or immediately on obtaining a benefice or temporal possession of the annual value of 40. They were always to speak latin, or at least french. Thomas Arundel, bishop of Ely, was commissioned by Richard II. on 14th of July, in the seventh year of his reign [1383], to visit the college of the king's poor scholars in Cambridge. Complaint had been made to the king, that the master had negligently permitted the buildings to run to ruin and decay, that he had wasted some of the estates and possessions, dis- sipated and lost the books, plate, and other goods belonging to the college, and diminished the number of the scholars instituted by the royal founder. King's hall was prepared for the reception of Richard II., (a) when he held a parliament at Cam- (a) This monarch, by letters patent, dated 19th November, in the seven- teenth year of his reign, [1393], gave licence to the abbat and convent of SS. Sergius and Bacchus in Normandy, to sell to the prior and convent of the house of S. Anne of the Carthusian order near Coventry, the manors of Swavesey and Dry Drayton in Cambridgeshire, and the advowson of the church of Swavesey, to hold to their proper use for ever in free, pure, and perpetual alms ; saving nevertheless sixty-five marks sterling, which the said prior and convent should be bound to pay annually after the end of six years then next to the warden and scholars of this hall. But by other letters patent dated 21st May, in the twenty-second year of his reign [1399J, he released the prior and convent from payment of the sixty-five marks, upon condition that they found and sustained within their house twelve poor clerks from seven years old to seventeen, there to pray for the good estate of him and his consort during their lives, and afterwards for the health of their souls, as also for the soul of Anne late queen of England, and for the souls of his father and mother, and all the faithful departed. TRINITY COLLEGE. 205 bridge, in August, 1388, but it seems that he lodged in the priory of Barn well, where the parliament assembled. Henry IV., on 8th of October, in the first year of his reign [1399], confirmed the charter of foundation and other grants made to this house by Edw. III. and Rich. II. Buildings were in progress here in 1420, when the warden and scholars preferred a complaint against the bailiffs of Cambridge for exacting toll from the carriers of timber and other materials for the construction of the college. Richard Holme, warden, canon of York, and Sarum, who died in 1424, was an eminent benefactor. He gave money to build the library, and furnished it with many books. By an instrument dated 20th May, 1425, the society ordained that yearly on the vigil of S. George the martyr, all the scholars of the college then in the town, should meet in the church of All Saints', in the Old Jewry in Cambridge, and there solemnly celebrate his exequies with mass on the morrow. The mayor, bailiffs, aldermen, and commonalty of the town of Cambridge, on 8th of April, 1 1 Hen. VI. [1433], granted to the master and scholars, in aug- mentation of the mansion of the college, a certain parcel of a common lane in the parish of All Saints' in the Jewry, near King's hall or college on the south part, and the tenement formerly of the prior and convent of Chicksand, and the tenement formerly of the prior of the chapel of S. Edmund of Cambridge on the north part, and extending in length from the 206 TRINITY COLLEGE. king's way leading from the aforesaid hall or college, against the college of S. Michael from the west head unto the king's way, called the High street of Cam- bridge towards the west, paying there for one red rose yearly at the feast of the nativity of S. John the Baptist. On the 10th of the same month, the master and scholars of Michaelhouse, granted to the warden and scholars of King's hall in augmentation of their mansion, a certain parcel of land situate on the south part of the same hall, against the residue of the garden of Michaelhouse pertaining to their tenement, situate in the north part of S. Michael's lane, near the tenement which the said master and scholars had then lately purchased of the master and brethren of the hospital of S. John on the west part, and the tenement of the prior of S. Edmund on the east part, containing in length against the south, from the land of King's hall unto the residue of their garden, sixty feet, and in breadth thirty-seven feet from east to west. Henry VI. by letters patent dated 2nd of May, in the eighteenth year of his reign [1440], granted to the master and scholars the advowson of the church of Chesterton in the county of Cambridge. On 31st of May, in the nineteenth year of his reign [1441], Henry VI. pardoned the master and scholars the transgression committed by them in acquiring without his licence a piece of ground contiguous to their hall, entering upon it, inclosing it, and taking the king's aqueduct there to their use, and he further granted to them and their successors for ever the said piece of land and soil, and the watercourse aforesaid. TRINITY COLLEGE. 207 On 24th of January, 26 Hen. VI. [1446-7], the king commissioned the provosts of King's college, and Eton college, to visit this hall. The two provosts were also empowered to nominate to the wardenship and the scholarships of this hall. On the accession of king Edw. IV. this grant was resumed and the crown thenceforth continued patron of the wardenship, and of all the scholarships. Henry VI. by letters patent dated 8th of May, in the twenty-seventh year of his reign [1449], granted to the warden and scholars of this hall an acre of land in Downefield of Hinton, a certain messuage, with its apurtenances, situate and lying in the parish of All Saints' in the Jewry of Cambridge, between the tenement of the prior of the chapel of S. Edmund of Cambridge on the north part, and the tenement of the college of Corpus Christi and Blessed Mary on the south part, and abutting at the east head upon the king's way, and at the west head upon the tenement of the master and scholars of the house of S. Michael, which messuage, with its appurtenances, he lately had of the gift and grant of Richard Pyghtesley (o) of Cambridge, clerk, and another messuage situate in Cambridge, in the aforesaid parish of All Saints', between the messuage of the vicar of the parish church of All Saints' aforesaid on the one part, and one messuage of Richard Bussh on the other part, and abutting at one head upon the king's way, and at the other head upon the tenement late in the tenure of Stephen Skynkyl, which messuage he lately had of the gift (a) His grant to the king was dated 9th May, 27 Henry VI. [1449]. 208 TRINITY COLLEGE. and grant of Richard Cawdray, John Garlond, Nicholas Druet, and Richard Pightesley of Cam- bridge, clerks, as by their charter to him thereof made (0) more fully would appear. Moreover he granted and licence gave to the said warden and scholars, that they and their successors by themselves, or their ministers, might dig the said acre of land in Downefield, and the stone or rock there found extract and carry away to their use, and for the building his hall aforesaid. Edward IV. on 3rd of February, in the first year of his reign [1461-2], confirmed and amplified the charters of this house. Henry VIII. in the thirty-second year of his reign, granted to the master and scholars the rectories of Bottisham and Arlington, in the county of Cambridge. In or soon after 1534, the possessions of this college were valued for first-fruits and tenths at 211. 12s. 8J<, and Geoffrey Blythe, the master or warden, was charged at 8. 7s. 4^., thirty-one fellows at 5. 4s. Qd. each, one at 4. 9s. Qd., and Edward Cousyn, the bible clerk, at 2. 8s. Qd. By the king's injunctions to the university in 1535, this college was required to found and continue two daily public lectures, the one of greek, the other of latin. From the survey made by Matthew Parker, D.D., John Redman, D.D., and William Mey, LL.D., in February, 1545-6, it appears that the master or warden had annually 5. 6s. 8d. for stipend and livery, and 3. 6s. 8d. for commons, twenty-five (a) Dated 20th May, 27 Hen. VI. [1449]. 8 H f-* v TRINITY COLLEGE. 209 fellows graduates had each 2. 3s. 4d. and seven undergraduate fellows each 1. 18$. 4(7. yearly for stipend and livery. Every fellow had 3. 6,?. Sd. per annum for commons. The annual wages of the butler, barber, baker, brewer, laundress and one cook were 1. 65. 8d. each, and of the under-cook 16s., and each of these except the laundress had lOof. a week for commons, as also had the master's ser- vant, and the bible clerk. The latter, the butler, the baker, the brewer, the barber, and the two cooks had also 16s. each per annum for livery. Each of the five senior servants had 6s. per annum. The following fees were paid annually : steward of all the possessions 6s. 8d., the attorney in the exchequer 1. 6s. 8d., the counsellor at law, (Mr. Cooke,) 1. The expenses of the exequies of the founder eating and drinking at the same a refection on Inno- cents' day, and a distribution of alms amounted to 5. 10s. 4:d. per annum. Communibus annis, other expenses were as follows : expenses of the chapel, viz. bread, wine, wax, and repairs of vestments 20s. ; sedge annually spent in the hall 5 ; coal, wood, &c. spent as well in the hall as the kitchen 5 ; oblations of the master and fellows in the church of All Saints', with a payment to the holy water clerk and sacrist 1. Os. 2d. ; expenses extraordinary 10 ; purchase of utensils 2. 8s. 0^7. ; reparations of all the possessions of the college 26. 13s. 4c?. The following annual rents were paid: to the king for land lying within the mansion of the college, late in the tenure of the white canons, 4s. Sd. to the master and fellows of Michaelhouse 20^. ; to VOL. II. P 210 TRINITY COLLEGE. the master and fellows of S. John's, issuing out of the site of the college, 2s. 2d. The college estates were situate in Cambridge, Hinton, Chesterton, Bottisham, and Arrington in Cambridgeshire ; Felinersham, and Pavenhani in Bed- fordshire ; and Grendon in Northamptonshire. There were also annual payments made by the sheriffs of Cambridgeshire and Bedfordshire, the bailiffs of Scarborough, and the grantee of the dissolved abbey of Sawtrey. The clear yearly income was 214. Os. 3d., and the expenses exceeded the revenues by 49. 16s. 4d. Dr. John Redman, master of this hall, with the fellows of the same, surrendered their house and all its possessions to the king, 28th of October, 38 Hen. VIII. [1546]. This surrender was acknow- ledged in the king's chancery at Westminster, on 17th December, in the same year. William Pierpoint, one of the fellows, had a pension of 3. 6s. Sd. per annum. The following is a list of the masters or wardens of the king's scholars, and of King's hall: 1316, John de Baggeshote; 13..., Simon de Bury; 1332, John de Langetoft; 1334, Thomas Powys ; 1361, October 26th, John Shropham; 1363, December 1st, Nicholas de Drayton, B.C.L. ; 1364, December 2nd, Nicholas de Roos; 1375, November 14th, Richard Runhale; 1377, August 12th, Simon de Neylond; 1385, May 26th, Thomas deHetherset, LL.D. ; 1390-1, January 10th, Ralph Selby, LL.D. ; 1399, October 6th, Richard de Dereham, B.D. ; 1413, John Stone; 1415, June 5th, Richard de Dereham, D.D. ; 1417, TRINITY COLLEGE. 211 October 3rd, Richard Holme, LL.B. ; 1424, July 6th, Eobert Fitzhugh, LL.D. ; 1431, July 2nd, Richard Cawdrey; 1439, Robert Ayscough, LL.D.; 1448, Richard Scroope ; 1463, December 12th, Thomas Saint Just, MUS.D. ; 1467, September 30th, John Gunthorp, B.D. ; 1475, Roger Rotheram ; 1477, October 2nd, Henry Bost, B.D. ; 1483, Christopher Urswyke, LL.D. ; 1488, April 24th, John Blythe, LL.D.; 1498, February llth, Geoffrey Blythe, LL.D.; 1528, Geoffrey Blythe, LL.D. ; 1542, John Redman, D.D. The eminent men of King's Hall, (exclusively of those who became members of Trinity college) were : Thomas de Hetherset, LL.D., master, chancellor of the university, and archdeacon of Sudbury, died 1405. Richard de Dereham, D.D., master, chancellor of the university, dean of S. Martin's le Grand, and archdeacon of Norfolk, died 1417. Ralph Selby, LL.D., master, archdeacon of Buckingham and Norfolk, died 1420. John Stone, master, secretary to Henry V., and dean of S. Martin's le Grand, died about 1422. Richard Holme, master, canon of York and Sarum, and employed on several embassies to Scotland, died 1424. Robert Fitzhugh, master, bishop of London, and chancellor of the university, died 1435-6. Robert Ayscough, LL.D., master, chancellor of the university, and archdeacon of Colchester and Dorset, died 1448. Richard Cawdrey, master, chancellor of the university, dean of S. Martin's le Grand, archdeacon of Bedford, Lincoln, and Norwich, and ambassador to Rome, died 1458. Thomas Saint Just, MUS.D., master, archdeacon of Chester, died 1467. Richard Scroope, master, bishop of Carlisle, and chancellor of the university, P2 212 TRINITY COLLEGE. died 1468. Roger Rotheram, master, archdeacon of Leicester and Rochester, died 1477. John Gunthorpe, master, dean of Wells, and ambassador to Spain, died 1498. John Ely the, master, bishop of Salisbury, died 1499. Henry Bost, master, provost of Eton college, and Queens' college, Oxford, died 1502-3. Sir Robert Rede, fellow, chief-justice of the common pleas, died 1518-19. Christopher Urswyke, LL.D., master, dean of Windsor, and ambassador to France, Spain, Burgundy, Scotland, Sicily, and Rome, died 1521. William Rokeby, fellow, archbishop of Dublin, and lord chancellor of Ireland, died 1521. Geoffrey Blythe, LL.D., master, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, died 1530. Geoffrey Blythe, LL.D., master, archdeacon of Stafford, died 1541-2. Rowland Lee, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, died 1542-3. William Buckmaster, D.D., fellow, Margaret professor of divinity, died 1545. Cuthbert Tunstal, bishop of Durham, died 1559. Griffin Trygan, LL.D., fellow, a distinguished civilian, died about 1562. Three fellow-commoners were matriculated in May, 1544, but no subsequent matriculations of members of this house are recorded. MICHAELHOUSE. King Edward II., by letters patent dated 1st June, in the seventeenth year of his reign, [1324J, to the honour of God, and in augmentation of divine learning, granted and licence gave to his beloved clerk and liege Hervey de Stanton, (a) that he might (a) Hervey de Stanton, son of Nicholas de Stanton, was a native of Stanton in Suffolk. In 1301, he was presented by the bishop of Ely to the rectory of East Dereham in Norfolk. In 1302, he was one of the justices itinerant in the county of Cornwall, as he was in the follow- ing year in the county of Durham. On 12 cal. Feb. 1303-4, being then TKINITY COLLEGE. 213 institute and found for all time to endure in a certain messuage with the appurtenances in Cambridge, only an acolite, he was instituted to the rectory of Warkton, in the county of Northampton. In the parliament held at Westminster, in September, 1305, he was one of those who were appointed to receive and answer petitions from Ireland and Guernsey. On 20th April, 130f, he was constituted one of the justices of the common pleas. In the following year he was one of the justices assigned to take the assizes in ten different counties. On the accession of Edw. II. he was re-appointed a justice of the common pleas, being summoned 1307-8 to attend the coro- nation. In 1308, he was in a commission for repair of the sea banks in Norfolk, as he was in the following year in a like commission for Suffolk. In 1311, he was summoned to parliament as one of the king's council. In 6 Edw. II., he occurs as farmer of the king's manor of Soham in Cambridge- shire. In 1313, he and Walter bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, were commissioned to view the banks and sewers in Marshland. In 7 Edw. II. he and the other justices of the common pleas, as executors of Henry de Geldeford (called le Mareschal), clerk, founded a chantry in the church of S. Paul, London. In 1314, he was one of the justices itinerant in Kent. On 28th September in that year, he became one of the barons of the exchequer. In 1316, he was instituted to the rectory of North Creake in Norfolk. On 22nd June in that year, he was constituted chancellor of the exchequer, and on 20th October follow- ing, was admitted prebendary of Flixcon in the church of Lichfield. He held also, but at what particular time we are not informed, a prebend in the church of Wells, and in 1319 obtained the prebend of Husthwait in the church of York. In 14 Edw. II., he M r as a justice itinerant in London- In 1323, he was raised to the dignity of chief-justice of the king's bench, which office he resigned 21st March, 1323-4, being five days afterwards reappointed chancellor of the exchequer, which office he held till 18th July, 1326, when he became chief-justice of the common-pleas. He was lord of the manor of Peperharrow in Surrey, and patron of the church there, and of the churches of Roxham, Fordham and West Riston in Norfolk, he was also a benefactor to the abbey of Bury S. Edmunds, and the hospital of S. Nicholas there. His death occurred at York, on or shortly after the 31st October, 1327, and he was buried with much state in the church of S. Michael, Cambridge. His will bears date 6th August, 1327. On 31st October following, he gave directions for the completion of the college and for his interment in the midst of the choir of S. Michael's church amongst his scholars. His heir was sir Alexander de Walsham, knight, the son of his sister Amice. There was a suit in the Arches court by Hervey de Stanton, rector of Elm in Cambridgeshire, against John de Illegh and John Waryn. executors of Hervey de Stanton, deceased, and sir Alexander de Walsham, his heir. In this suit objection was made to the amount expended on his 214 TRINITY COLLEGE. which he had acquired to himself in fee, a certain house of scholars, chaplains, and others under the name of the house of scholars of S. Michael of Cambridge, to be ruled by a certain master of the same house, according to the ordinance of him, the same Hervey. And that the said Hervey might give and assign the messuage aforesaid, with the appurtenances, to the aforesaid master and scholars : and also give and assign to them the advowson of the church of S. Michael of Cambridge, with the appurtenances, to have and to hold to them and their successors for ever, so that they might appro- priate the same church, and hold it appropriated, in aid of their sustentation. Hervey de Stanton, by a charter dated Thursday before the feast of S. Michael, 1324, 18 Edw. II., (a) after reciting the king's licence, and a licence from John, bishop of Ely (6) the diocesan, with the consent of his chapter, (c) founded a house of scholars in veneration of the holy and undivided Trinity, blessed Mary (mother of our Lord Jesus Christ) ever virgin, S. Michael the archangel, and All Saints under the name of the house of scholars of S. Michael. He constituted master Walter de Buxton priest the funeral. The executors replied, that it was according to the laudable and meritorious custom of the realm touching the interment of magnates. His arms were Vaire argent and sable. The founder of Michaelhouse has been often confounded with the rector of Elm of the same name, and occasion- ally with Hervey Aunger de Stanton. (a) Attested by Fule, prior of Barnwell, Robert Dunning, mayor of Cambridge, and many others. (6) Dated at Glemsford, prid. kal. Sept. 1324. (c) The consent of John de Crauden prior of Ely and the chapter of that church, is dated 1st September, 1324. TRINITY COLLEGE. 215 master, and master Robert de Mildenhall, master Thomas de Kyningham, and Henry de Langham, priests, Thomas de Trumpeshale, and Edmund de Mildenhall, priests, and Roger de Honynge, sub- deacon, scholars, and granted and assigned to the master and scholars, and their successors, a place of habitation in his messuage with the appurtenances situate in the parish of S. Michael, in the street called Milnestrete, which he had purchased of Master Roger the son of the lord Guy Buttetourte (a) for ever. He by the same charter made ordinances and statutes for the government of the college. All the scholars were to be priests, or at least in holy orders within a year from the time of their admission, and the chaplains and scholars were on all the (a) On Wednesday next after the Ascension, 22 Edw. I. [1291], Robert Gernon de Boudon and Adam de Boudon his brother, granted to Roger Buttetourte and Robert his brother the messuage which they had of the feoffement of their father at Henney in the parish of S. Michael, between the messuage of John de Wells chaplain, on the one part, and the king's way on the other, and extending from the king's way which led against Dame Nichols' hythe in length, unto the river of the lord the king. On 28th May, 34 Edw. I. [1306], the king gave licence to Roger and Robert Boutetourt to take in the lane at the south part of their house. Roger, son of the noble man the lord Guy Buttetourte, by a charter dated Itith March, 17 Edw. II. [1323-4], gave and granted to Hervey de Stanton, parson of the church of Eastderham, his messuage in the town of Cambridge, in the parish of S. Michael of the same town, with the build- ings, garden, key and rents, to hold to him his heirs and as>igns for ever, of the chief lords of that fee by the services of the aforesaid tenement or the appurtenances thereof due and accustomed. On the same day he acknow- ledged his charter in the king's chancery at Westminster. On the morrow of the Ascension, 17 Edw. II. [1324], a fine was levied in the common pleas at Westminster, between Hervey de Stanton, parson of the church of Eastderham, plaintiff, and Master Roger, the son of Guy de Botetourte, deforciant, of one messuage with the appurtenances in Cambridge, the plaintiff giving to the deforciant 100 marks of silver for his concession. 216 TRINITY COLLEGE. greater feasts to assemble in S. Michael's church, and sing at matins and other canonical hours, and to celebrate at the mass of the day. In all masses they were to pray for the health of the lord the king, the lady Isabella the queen, the lord Edward the king's first-born son, and all other the king's children, the bishop of Ely, the prior and convent of the same place, himself, master Roger Buttetourte, Dora de Madingle, (a) and all his parents, friends and benefactors, and for their souls when they should have departed this life, and for the souls of all the kings of England, and especially for the souls of the lords Ralph de Walpole, and Robert de Oreford, formerly bishops of Ely, John de Northwolde, formerly abbat of S. Edmund's, John de Werwyck, Henry de Guldeford, John de Vivon, Adam de Ikelingham, Geoffrey de Kyngeston, John de Ely, his parents and benefactors, and all the faithful deceased. On the morrow of S. Martin, 18 Edw. II., [1324], a fine was levied in the common pleas at Westminster, (a) On 15th September, 17 Edw. II. [1323], Dera, widow of Robert de Maddingley, burgess of Cambridge, granted to Hervey de Stanton a mes- suage in the parish of S. Michael, having on the south side a tenement of the prior of Anglesey, and on the north one of Adam de Trumpington, parson of the church of S. Michael, abutting east on the High street leading from the bridge to S. Mary's, and west on the house of John de Cambridge, justice. On the morrow of the Ascension, 17 Edw. II. [1324], a fine was levied in the common pleas at Westminster, between Hervey de Stanton, parson of the church of Eastderham, plaintiff, and Dera, who was the wife of Robert de Maddyngle, deforciant, of one messuage with the appurtenances in Cambridge, and the advowson of the church of S. Michael of the same town, the plaintiif giving to the deforciant 100 marks of silver for her concession. TRINITY COLLEGE. 217 between the master and scholars of the house of S. Michael, Cambridge, plaintiffs, and Hervey de Stanton, clerk, deforciant, of one messuage with the appurtenances in Cambridge, and the advowson of the church of S. Michael of the same town, and for the concession made by the deforciant, the plain- tiffs received him his ancestors and heirs into all masses, prayers, and benefits, which should be said by them, and their successors for ever. On 3rd March, 1324-5, the church of S. Michael was appropriated to this college, such appropriation being confirmed by the prior and convent of Ely on the 8th of the same month. On the feast of S. Martin, 20 Edw. II. [llth November, 1326], Hervey de Stanton granted to the master and scholars two other messuages in the parish of S. Michael, w Roger de Huntingfield, on 12th April, 19 Edw. II. [1326], obtained the royal licence to grant to the master and fellows the advowson of the church of Boxworth. The founder acquired from sir John de Lancaster (a) On 12th March, 19 Edw. II. [1325-6], Adam de Trumpington, formerly rector of the church of S. Michael in Cambridge and then of Bocland, granted to Hervey de Stanton and Walter de Baxton, clerk, for forty marks, two messuages in the parish of S. Michael, whereof one lay in Mill street between the house of the master and scholars of the house of S. Michael towards the south, and the messuage formerly of Simon Gode- man to the north, abutting towards the east upon the king's way, and towards the west upon the common river ; the other messuage lay in the High street towards the south, and the mansion of the rector of the church of S. Michael towards the north, and abutted at the east upon the king's way, and at the west upon the messuage of John de Winepole. The writ of ad quod damnum relative to the above grant to Michael- house, is dated Kenilworth, 9lh April, 19 Edw. II. [1326], and the inquisi- tion thereon was taken at Cambridge, 28th June following. 218 TRINITY COLLEGE. and Annora his wife the manor of Lancasters in Barrington, subject to their life interests therein, and the advowson of the church of Barrington. (a) He obtained the royal licence to grant these estates and also an acre of land in Chedle, Staffordshire, and the advowson of the church of that parish (6) to the master and fellows, but death prevented him from fulfilling his intentions, which were however carried into effect by his heir sir Alexander de Walsham. Sir Alexander de Walsham the founder's heir, on the feast of S. James the apostle, 1329, made a statute or ordinance augmenting the payments to the master and scholars. For this the society were bound in all masses specially to commemorate him, his wife and son, parents and friends. On 19th March, 1329-30, a further augmentation of the site of the college was made by John de Illegh, alias de Horewod, (c) rector of All Saints' in Icklingham, who granted two messuages in Cam- bridge. {d) He also granted the manors of Ickleton (a) Appropriated to this college, 1st January, 1328-9, and confirmed by the prior and convent of Ely on the 10th of the same month. (b) The land at Chedle and the advowson of that church were granted to Hervey de Stanton by sir Simon Basset of Sapcote, knight, 4th July, 19 Edw. II. [1326]. The king's licence to Hervey de Stanton for the appro- priation of the church to Michaelhouse, is dated 2nd October, 20 Edw. II. [1326], Another licence to the same effect was granted to sir Alexander de Walsham, 20th February, 3 Edw. III. [1328-9], and a licence from sir Ralph de Stafford, knight, chief lord of the fee, was obtained 3rd May, 5 Edw. III. [1331]. On account of legal difficulties the appropriation was not completed. (c) On 28th February, 12 Edw. III. [1337-8], the king's licence was granted to John de Horewod, clerk, to grant to this college half an acre of land in Tittleshale, and the advowson of the church there. (d) Geoffrey Russell of Barton and Agnes his wife, and Joan and Cecilia daughters of William de Ovyng of Barton, on 28th June, 3 Edw. III. TRINITY COLLEGE. 219 and Crishall for the foundation of two additional fellowships, and of a priest to celebrate daily in the church of S. Michael. The revenues falling short, a papal dispensation was obtained, by which only the fellowships were retained, the society being bound to commemorate their benefactor in a collect specially added to the mass of the blessed virgin. John de Illegh, Thomas de Keningham, and John de Trelmingham, on 28th September, 11 Edw. III. [1337], granted to the master and scholars a house called Crouched hall, in the parish of S. Michael, between the messuage of Adam de Ayremine arch- deacon of Norwich on the south, and the lane leading towards Dame Nichols' hythe on the north, one head abutting on the king's way leading to- wards the said lane. (a) In June, 1346, the college was, on the applica- tion of the society, visited by Richard Lyng, D.D. chancellor of the university. Edward III., on 24th July, in the twenty-second year of his reign [1348], granted to the master and [1329], granted to John de Illegh and Thomas de Trumpeshawe two messuages in the parish of S. Michael, the scholars of Michaelhouse against the north, and the tenement of John de Cambridge called Henneys against the south, abutting on the king's way against the east, and upon the stream of water against the west. By another deed of that date, Galliena, formerly wife of William Ovyng of Barton, released her dower in these two messuages, and on Friday after S. Thomas Apostle in the same year, a fine of the premises was levied in the court of the town of Cambridge, between John de Illegh and Thomas de Trumpeshagh, plaintiffs, and John de Kalveton and Alicia his wife, and Geoffrey Kussell of Barton and Agnes his wife deforciants. (a) This messuage was conveyed to the above grantors, by Christina daughter of Walter de Fulburne, fisherman of Cambridge, 6th of May, 10 Edw. III. [1336.] 220 TRINITY COLLEGE. scholars, that when the house should happen to be vacant the king's escheators, sheriffs, or bailiffs, should not interfere with the manors of Barrington and Ickleton, but in the beginning of the vacancy should take one simple seizin of the manors in the king's name, and then immediately retire. A similar grant was made by the same monarch on 15th April, in the twenty-eighth year of his reign [1354]. Joan, widow of John Refham, burgess of Cam- bridge, by her will, made 14th of June, 1349, and proved on the 22nd of the same month, constituted Ralph de Langley, Thomas de Sutton, John de Clippesby, and Roger de Tyrrington, scholars of this house, her executors, to whom she devised, for the use of this house, her capital messuage in the parish of S. Michael, and a tenement in Millstreet, in the parish of S. John. (a About the same period Amicia, widow of John de Denford of Cambridge, gave to the college a messuage with four shops in the parish of S. Mary [the great]. Walter de Waney, clerk, in 1353 gave an acre of land and the advowson of the church of Grun- disburgh, in Suffolk, which was appropriated to the college. (a) De Langley, De Sutton, and De Clippesby in pursuance of the royal licence, 7th December, 26 Edw. III. [1352], on 3rd February, 27 Edw. III. [1352-3], conveyed to the college two messuages, and the remainder in another messuage, which Amicia widow of John de Denford held for her life. One messuage was formerly of Robert de Elseflet, archdeacon of Nor- wich, near the mansion of the house of S. Michael on the north part, and extended from the king's way towards the east to the river towards the west. Another was formerly of John de Denford, near the cemetry of the church of S. Michael, and another was of John Refham, and passed to the grantors by the will of Joan his wife. TRINITY COLLEGE. 221 William de Gotham, D.D., master, gave in 1365 a large number of books, 55 to the common chest, and a house sufficiently large for three scholars. He also gave two fair vestments with tunicles, and expended 130 in building twelve chambers and a kitchen. In 1387, he by his exertions recovered lands, of which the college had been dispossessed by some powerful persons. In 1374 Dame Alice, widow of Sir Thomas de Heselarton, knight, gave to the college the manor of Heselarton in Barrington, and lands and tene- ments in Harston, Hauxton, Newton, Babraham, and Hinxton, for the endowment of two chaplains serv- ing in S. Michael's church, and another who was to officiate in the church of Barrington. In 1375 the executors of sir Robert Thorpe gave forty marks to the college. The earliest notice of the practice of acting plays in the colleges here occurs in an accompt roll of Michaelhouse for 1386, wherein are charges for an embroidered pall or cloak, and six visors and six beards for the comedy. The college ordinarily used S. Michael's church as their place of worship, but on 7th March, 1392-3, John Fordham, bishop of Ely, granted a licence to the master and fellows, that they might, during his pleasure, celebrate divine service in a chapel or other honest place within their house, and there hear divine service by fit chaplains in their presence. Michael de Causton, (n) D.D., who died 1395, (a) Some call him master of this college, but it is doubtful whether he held the office. He was probably president or vice-master. 222 TRINITY COLLEGE. gave a legacy to this and the other colleges in the university. Henry Granby, afterwards master of the college, and John Wesenham one of the bedels of the uni- versity, on 30th of September, 20 Rich. II. [1396], granted to the college the hostel of S. Margaret, (o) (a) On 12 cal. May, [20th April,] 22 Edw. III. [1348], Thomas de Morley, parson of the church of Brakene, granted to Adam de Wikemere, Edward Blumle, parson of the church of Brom, and Walter parson of the church of Little Dunham, a messuage in the parish of S. Michael, between the messuage of the canons of Sempringham or of S. Edmund of Cambridge towards the south, and the messuage which was of William de Poplington on the north part, and abutting towards the east upon the garden which was of John Coombe, and towards the west upon the street called S. Michael's street. On 13th June, 28 Edw. III. [1354], Adam de Wigmore, rector of the church of Hokewold, and Edward de Blumle, parson of the church of Brom, granted to Richard de Betelee, bedel of the university of Cambridge, a messuage between the messuage of S. Edmund at the north, and the mes- suage of John Poplington at the south, abutting at the east on a garden formerly of John Refham. On 6lh February, 1368, Richard de Betelee and Juliana his wife granted to John de Burgh the said messuage described as abutting towards the south, on the tenement of Geoffrey de Lenne. On 23rd March, 1368, John de Burgh granted the said messuage to Henry Granby and John Wesenham. The writ of ad quod damnum, relative to the grant of Granby and Wesenham to this college, is dated 8th December, 15 Rich. II. [1391], and an inquisition thereon was taken at Cambridge on 4th March, 15 Rich. II., [1391-2]. The king's licence is dated 26th April, 15 Ric. II. [1392], Juliana Bedell was commemorated as having given to this college S. Margaret's hostel and S. Margaret's schools, and Richard Bedell was one whose exequies were annually celebrated in this house. On 20th June, 38 Hen. VI. [1460], William Ayscough, master of the house of S. Michael and the fellows of the same, demised to Robert Beighton, gent., a messuage called Margaret's hostel in the parish of S. Michael, with a garden, &c., for twelve years from Michaelmas then next, rendering yearly 13s. 4d., and repairing the buildings. On 20th March, 7 Edw. IV. [1466-7], Edward Story, keeper of the house of S. Michael and the scholars of the same, granted to Master Thomas Bolayn, clerk, keeper of the college or hall of the Annunciation of the Blessed Mary, commonly called Gonville hall, a messuage or hostel TRINITY COLLEGE. 223 and two places of land with the houses and schools thereupon built, whereof they had one of the feoff- ment of William Gotham, late keeper of this house. The master and fellows, in 1397 made a sup- plementary statute requiring the master on his admission to take an oath to defend the goods, possessions, and rights of the house, and to apply the rents and profits to the sustentation of himself and the fellows. It was also provided that within two months of his admission there should be made and deposited in the common chest, an inventory of the goods of the house, made by three or four of the fellows assigned for the purpose. This statute was ratified by Eudo la Zouch, LL.D., chancellor of the university, at S. Mary's church, on the llth of April ; in that year. This college was visited by the commissioners of Thomas Arundel, archbishop of Canterbury, 19th of September, 1401. William Colville, master of this house, who died in or about 1410, was an eminent benefactor, as was Richard Holme, master of King's hall, who died 1424. In 12 Hen. IV., John Poynton, vicar of Barring- ton, gave a tenement in the parish of S. John the called S. Margaret's hostel then enclosed with walls in the parish of S. Michael, between Fisshewick hostel on the south part and a void piece of ground pertaining to King's hall on the north part, one head abutting upon their tenement called the Angel, and the other upon the king's high- way towards the west, which messuage William Colville, keeper of the house of S. Michael and the scholars of the same had of the gift of Henry Granby and John Wessenham, bedel, 20 Ric. II. It seems probable that when Gonville hall obtained a grant of S. Mar- garet's hostel, it was added to Fisshewick's hostel, and passed to Hen. VJII. by the surrender thereof. 224 TRINITY COLLEGE. Baptist, Cambridge, and John Chaundler a rent of 7s. per annum. Sir Robert Turke, knight, about 1415 founded two bible clerkships. Henry Ghranby, master, in 1415 gave 20, which was deposited in a chest. In 1418 he gave a messuage at Orwell, a rood of land there and the advowson of the church of that parish. On the morrow of S. Michael, 2 Hen. VI., [1423], John Warwyk, mayor of the town of Cambridge, Stephen Neel, William Weggewode, Roger Kythe and Thomas Page, bailiffs, and all the commonalty of the town, granted to John Oteryngham, master, and the fellows of this college, that they might make a ditch on the waste, containing in length from the common ditch on the west part of the garden of the college including unto the high river of the lord the king, and in breadth twelve feet more or less, by which ditch they might carry in and out firewood and other things, freely and lawfully for one hundred years, with a proviso that the ditch might be common to all the burgesses ; and that the master and fellows would pay annually to the treasurers of the town for the term aforesaid, 6d. The master and fellows covenanted to make a bridge, and it was provided that the nearest part of the ditch should be distant from the nearest part of the wall of the King's college or hall eighty feet. On 8th of May, 8 Hen. VI. [1430], the mayor, bailiffs, and burgesses of the town of Cambridge, granted to the master and scholars of this college a parcel of waste land of the same town, extend- ing in length from the soil of a tenement of the TRINITY COLLEGE. 225 master and scholars, called the Garyght hostell, and partly from the soil of a tenement of the prior of Anglesey, called the Henne abbey, unto the river of the town, extending in breadth to the east end from the common ditch, being on the north part of the garden of the college [hall] of the Holy Trinity, for thirty feet on the waste of the town towards the north, and on the west end from the aforesaid ditch, twenty-four feet towards the north, saving to the burgesses the right of pasturage, and to put and store their firewood and the profits of any willows there planted : to hold for a thousand years at the rent of 12d. John Oteringham, master, who died in or about 1433, was a faithful guardian of the rights of the house, and did good service by compiling a collection of documents relating thereto, which is still pre- served. He also gave 60, a messuage in Cambridge, books, gilt plate and vestments. His exequies were solemnly celebrated annually, on the second of the ides of May, with mass on the morrow, or within four days afterwards. In or shortly before 1433, the master and fellows purchased from the master and brethren of S. John's hospital, a messuage in or near S. Michael's lane. Henry VI. in 1441, exempted this college from contributing to the subsidies of the clergy for the space of twenty years, and empowered the master and fellows to acquire lands to the value of 20 per annum. On the 22nd of April, in the 21st year of his reign [1443], he granted to this house the reversion of the VOL. II. Q 226 TKINITY COLLEGE. priory of Wenghale in Lincolnshire, after the death of sir Thomas Comberworth, knight, in exchange for certain messuages in School lane, which had been granted to the king by the master and fellows for the site of King's college. The same monarch granted to this college part of the garden called Henabbey, adjoining the college garden, abutting at one end on Milnestreet, and at the other upon the king's ditch, (a) and on the 19th of August, in the 37th year of his reign [1459], he granted thirty- four acres of land in Barrington. Robert Sigo, priest, sometime fellow of the college, devised an estate in Mildenhall for founding an additional fellowship, but the estate being insufficient, the society in 1 Rich. III. agreed with his executors, with the consent of the university, that two addi- tional bible clerkships should be established. William Skelton, treasurer of the church of Lincoln, who died in 1501, gave gilt plate; William Thompson, D.D., dean of Auckland, sometime fellow, gave a suit of silk vestments, a cope, and a gilt chalice ; John Yotton, D.D., master, gave 200 books, twenty marks, and a gilt monstrance for the sacra- ment; and John Fisher during his mastership expended 110 on buildings and repairs. In the mastership of his successor John Fotehede, the college acquired additional lands in Cambridge, Foxton, Harlton, Hinton, Mildenhall, Grantchester, Stilton, and Foxworth. (a) In an indenture 20th of November 24 Hen. VI., [1445], between John Langton, chancellor of the university, and another, and Richard Wright, mayor of the town, it is stated that the said chancellor had granted parcel of the ground called Henabbey to the master of Michaelhouse, " for the enlarging of garit hostel, as hit is now staked out." TRINITY COLLEGE. 227 Robert Burton, vicar of Ickleton in the county of Cambridge, by will dated 1st of Sept. 1527, gave to the college for reparations of the same place all the debts owing to him as delivered in a letter with his hand written to William Nicolson the president. (a) The possessions of this house were in or about 1534, valued for first-fruits and tenths at 124. 15s. 6d. per annum. This was one of the colleges required by the king's injunctions issued in 1535, to establish public lectures in greek and latin. On the 1st of August, 34 Hen. VIII. [1542], the mayor, bailiffs, and burgesses of the town, granted to the master or keeper, fellows and scholars of this college (in exchange for two acres of land in Newnham Crofts, in Grantchester) one void ground or garden, commonly called Myllestones, (6) in Cam- bridge, lying betwixt the ort yard of the college on the south, and the common lane equal with the sestroll pertaining unto the King's hall cundyk on the north; the one head abutting upon a piece of the common of the town called Myllestones hill towards the west, and the garden ground pertain- (a) Thomas Masham, vicar of Great Bardfield, Essex, gave two silver salts, and 6. 8s. 4c?. Robert AValker gave 10. Richard Nelson, fellow, and John Redford, fellow, each gave 6. Rs. 4d. ; Henry Crosley, gave a hehrew Bible; William Stubbes, chaplain, gave 10; Edward Story, bishop of Chichester, master, gave 40, and Moralium Gregorii, 2 vols. ; Margaret Carlisle gave gilt plate, and two books, one being the life of Jesus Christ. Hugh Neale, Thomas Bradelield, Richard Baston, William Bolton, Thomas de Castro Bernardi, Mathew Chambers, John Church, fellow, Robert Cutler, fellow, Robert Lewsay, Richard the manciple of the college, and John Wardell, are also named as benefactors. (i) The college took Myllestones on lease from the town at the rent of 20d. in or about 1435. Q2 228 TRINITY COLLEGE. ing to the master and fellows, then lately called Newmarket hostel (a) towards the east, which void ground or garden contained in length from east to west six perches, and in breadth from north to south five perches, and the said common lane was in breadth at the west end 16 feet, and at the east end of the said void ground 14 feet. In 1542 the college purchased of Henry VIII. for 200 the manor at Barrington, called Berested, otherwise Spalding's, parcel of the possessions of the late monastery of Chatteris. From the survey made in February, 1545-6, by Matthew Parker, D.D., John Redman, D.D., and William Mey, LL.D., it appears that the college consisted of the master, who had for stipend and commons 6. 135. 4c?. per annum ; six fellows on the original foundation, each of whose stipend, commons, and emoluments amounted to somewhat more than 7. 6s. 2d. per annum ; two fellows on the foundation of John de Illegh, who had each 5 per annum ; three chaplains on the foundation of lady Alice Heselarton (one of whom celebrated at Barrington), who had 5 per annum each ; and four Bible clerks, who had each for stipend and livery 2. 10s. per annum. 6 per annum was paid for the liveries of the master and fellows. The auditor's fee was 20s. a year, and the follow- (a) Newmarket hostel is mentioned in the records of the court of pleas of the town of Cambridge on Tuesday after the exaltation of the Holy Cross, 11 Rich. II., when William Copelond sued John Hairoman of Trumpington, for the non-delivery of 42 quarters of wheat at the time agreed upon, whereby the plaintiff disappointed his customers, namely, the hostels of S. Nicholas, Newmarket, Crouched and S. Catharine. TUINITY COLLEGE. 229 ing sums were paid annually for wages : cook, 2. 65. ; butler, 2s. 6s. ; barber, 6s. Sd. ; laundress, 85. The exequies of the founder and benefactors amounted to 16. 12s. Id. a year. Communibus annis, the anniversary feast cost 1. 13s. d. ; the extraordinary expences were 6. 6s. 8^7. ; and the repairs 20. The college estates were situate at Cambridge, Barrington, Ickleton, Hinxton, Foxton, Hasling- field, Harlton, Grantchester, and Orwell, in Cam- bridgeshire; Chesterford, in Essex; Wenghale, in Lincolnshire ; Mildeiihall, in Suffolk ; and at London. The clear annual value of these estates was 141. 13s. If d., and the yearly expences exceeded the revenues by 2. 4s. W^d. This house with all its revenues and possessions was on the 26th of October, 38 Hen. VIII. [1546], surrendered to the king by Francis Mallet, D.D., the master and the fellows who on the 17th of December following acknowledged the surrender in his majesty's chancery at Westminster. The fol- lowing annual pensions were granted : Dr. Mallet, master, 20 ; Henry Stansby, fellow, 5 ; William Thompson, William Bernardson, Lawrence Bowyer, Henry Manne, John Aungel, Thomas Talke, Simon Bagot, and Hugh Rawlins, fellows, 2. 3s. 4J. each. The masters of this college were : 1324, Walter de Buxton, B.D. ; 1328, Robert de Mildenhall, D.D. ; 1346, Thomas de Kenningham ; 13..., John de Reepham; 1354, Richard de Langley, D.D. ; 1359, William de Gotham, D.D. ; 1395, William Colville; 230 TRINITY COLLEGE. 1410, Henry Granby; 1423, John Oteringham ; 1433, William Ayscough; 1450, Edward Story; 1477, Richard Smith; 1493, John Yotton, D.D. ; 149.., William de Melton, D.D. ; 1495, John Fisher, D.D. ; 1505, John Fotehede, B.D. ; 1520, Thomas Stackhouse, D.D. ; 1533, Nicholas Wilson, D.D. ; 1542, Sept. 4, Francis Mallet, D.D. Amongst the eminent members of this college we may mention : Robert de Mildenhall, D.D., master, successively of this college and of Peterhouse, chan- cellor of the university, 1334 ; William de Gotham, master, chancellor of the university, 1366 and 1376 ; William Colville, master, chancellor of the university, 1388, 1390, 1391, 1394 ; Michael de Causton, D.D., chancellor of the university and dean of Chichester, died 1395 ; John de Reepham, master, archdeacon of Northumberland, died about 1405 ; William Ayscough, master, bishop of Salisbury, murdered 1450 ; William Thompson, D.D., fellow, dean of Auckland, died 1511 ; John Yotton, D.D., master, dean of Lichfield, died 1512; Henry Horneby, D.D., fellow, dean of Wimborne, master of Peterhouse, and author of various theological treatises, died 1517-18; Robert Bekinsawe, D.D., fellow, dean of Stoke by Clare, and president of Queens' college, died 1525-6 ; William de Melton, D.D., master, author of commen- taries on scripture, sermons, and other works, died 1528 ; John Fisher, master, bishop of Rochester, and chancellor of the university, executed 1535 ; Nicholas Metcalfe, D.D., archdeacon of Rochester and the first master of S. John's college, died 1537; Nicholas Wilson, D.D., master, archdeacon of Oxford and dean TRINITY COLLEGE. 231 of Wimborne, a learned writer against the divorce of Henry VIII., died 1548 ; John Aungel, fellow, chaplain to queen Mary, and a learned roman catholic writer, flourished 1557; Francis Mallet, D.D., master, confessor to queen Mary, and dean of Lincoln, died 1570; Henry Joliffe, fellow, dean of Bristol, a writer against bishops Ridley and Hooper, died 1573-4. Thomas Norton, dramatist and politician, died 1583-4. Some of the eminent members of Trinity college, whom we shall hereafter mention, were of Michaelhouse before its dissolution. Forty-eight members of this college were matri- culated between May, 1544, and November, 1546, viz., fellow-commoners (one being M.A.) seven ; pensioners twenty ; sizars eighteen ; scholars ser- vants three. Of the whole number ten were of immature age. Twelve of these matriculations were after the date of the surrender to the king. THE FOUNDER. Henry, the second son of king Henry VII. and Elizabeth of York, was born at Greenwich, 28th of June, 1491, and on the 31st of October, 1494, was created duke of York. On the death of his elder brother Arthur, which occurred 2nd of April, 1502, he became heir to the crown, and in the following year was created prince of Wales and earl of Chester. He ascended the throne 22nd of April, 1509, died at West- minster, 28th of January, 1546-7, and was buried at Windsor, 16th of February following. The history of his long and eventful reign is well known, and an unfavourable judgment has long been passed upon his character. We shall therefore merely advert 232 TRINITY COLLEGE. STATUE OF HENRY VIII., ON THE GRAND ENTRANCE TOWER. to one redeeming point his learning and patronage of literature. It is said that during his brother Arthur's life he was bred to the church with a view to his becom- ing archbishop of Canterbury. He was author of the following amongst other works : 1. Assertio septem Sacramentorum adversus Martyn Lutherum, edita ab invictissimo Angliae, & Francise Rege, & Do. Hybernise Henrico ejus Nominis, octavo, Lond. 4to. 1521. 2. Literarum, quibus invictissimus Princeps Henricus octavus efcc., respondit ad quandam Epistolam Martini Lutheri ad se missam, & ipsius Lutheranae quoque Epistolam Exemplum, Lond. 1525, 1527. 3. An Epistle of Henry the eighth, supreme Head of the Church of England, to the Emperor, to all Christen Princes, TKINITY COLLEGE. 233 and to all those who truly and syncerely professe Christes Religion, Lond. 12mo. 1538. He was skilled in music, could sing his part, and composed services for his own chapel. Some of his musical compositions are yet extant. He was also an occasional writer of poetry. From his privy purse expences, extending from November, 1529, to December, 1532, we select the following items : . . d. 1529, Dec. 5. To Master Heneage for 3 scholars of Oxford, at the king's commandment 20 1530, May 26. To the subdean of the chapel for the exhibition of 4 scholars in Oxford .800 Sept. 6. To Mason^ the king's scholar at Paris, for a whole year's exhibition, ended at Michaelmas next . .368 30. To Dr. Dyngley for the exhibition of the king's scholar at Paris, for one whole year ended at Michaelmas last 368 Oct. 20. To Mr. Cole, subdean of the king's chapel, for the exhibition of 4 scholars at Oxford, for one whole year ended at Michaelmas . . . .800 1530-1, Jan. 21. To Rightwise, schoolmaster of Paul's, by the king's commandment . . 13 9 1531, March 26. In reward to Mason the king's scholar at Paris 200 Aug. 29. To Master Heneage, for so much money by him paid at Buckingham to two scholars of Oxford . .300 Sept 30. To Mr. Cole for the exhibition of 4 scholars at Oxford . . . .800 1531-2, Jan. 8. To the schoolmaster of Paul's, for the charges of George Frauncis, the king's scholar 3 10 (a) Afterwards Sir John Mason, a distinguished statesman and diploma- tist, and sometime chancellor of the university of Oxford. TRINITY COLLEGE. . s. d. Jan. 25. To Mason, the king's scholar at Paris, for his exhibition for one year . . 6 13 4 1532, April 9. To the schoolmaster at Paul's, for the board of George Frauncis the king's scholar and other charges . .530 April 11. To the subdean of the king's chapel, for the exhibition of 4 scholars at the king's finding in Oxford . .800 June 21. To one Master Ratclif/") a scholar within Cambridge, by the king's commandment . . . .200 July 18. To the schoolmaster of Paul's, for the exhibition of George Frauncis .750 Aug. 14. To Dr. Chambre, for the scholars of Oxford 56 13 4 Sept. 30. To the schoolmaster of Paul's, for the board, school hire, and other necessaries for Nicholas Frauncis .750 To the subdean of the king's chapel, for the exhibition of the king's 4 scholars in Oxford . . . .800 Oct. 6. To Mason, the king's scholar at Paris, for his exhibition for one year . . 6 13 4 Dec. 21. To the schoolmaster of Paul's, for the exhibition of Nicholas Frauncis 700 In his draft schemes for the foundation of certain bishoprics, provision was made for the maintenance of students in divinity in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge. The total number was as follows : Canterbury, Westminster, Winchester, Worcester, S. Alban's, Peterborough, and Durham, twenty each ; Gloucester and Ely, ten each ; Oxford and Shrewsbury, six each; Rochester, Waltham, Carlisle, Chester, and Dunstable, four each. Half were to (a) No doubt Ralph Radcliffe, afterwards a famous schoolmaster at Hitchin, and author of numerous dramas, all of which are now lost. TRINITY COLLEGE. 235 be sent to Oxford and half to Cambridge, and every student was to have 10 a year, except those from Chester and Dunstable who were to have but 6. 13s. 4J. each annually. In 1540 he established in each of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, five professorships of divinity, law, physic, hebrew, and greek. Although honoured as the founder of Christ church Oxford, the merit of that foundation is really due to cardinal Wolsey. THE FOUNDATION. There seems good reason to believe, that the establishment of this college origin- ated from suggestions of Dr. John Redman, one of the king's chaplains, the last master of King's hall, and the first master of this college. The foundation was determined upon, and the structure commenced some time before the date of the charter, for, on the 20th of May, 1546, the site of the dissolved house of grey friars in Cambridge, was surveyed by Robert Chester, the king's surveyor, who thus records the result : " The Church and Cloysters with all other the Houses thereupon bilded, bine defaced and taken towards the bilding of the King's Majesties New College in Cambridge, and therefore valued Nothing." Henry VIII. by letters patent dated the 19th of December, in the thirty-eighth year of his reign [1546], to the glory and honour of Almighty God, and the Holy and Undivided Trinity, for the amplification and establishment of the Christian and true religion, the extirpation of heresy and false opinion, the increase and continuance of divine 236 TRINITY COLLEGE. learning, and all kinds of good letters, the knowledge of the tongues, the education of youth in piety, virtue, learning, and science, the relief of the poor and destitute, the prosperity of the church of Christ, and the common good and happiness of his kingdom and subjects, founded and established (on the soil, ground, sites, and precincts of the late hall and college, commonly called the King's hall, and of a certain late college of S. Michael, commonly called Michaelhouse, and also of a certain house and hostel called Fyswicke or Fysecke hostel, {0) and of another house and hostel, commonly called Hovinge Inn, (6) and of one lane (c) lying and being between the said late college called Mychell house on the one part, and the said house or hostel called Fyswycke other- wise Fysycke hostel on the other part, and leading towards the south from the corners of the same college called Michaelhouse, and of the hostel called Fyswycke otherwise Fysicke hostel unto the gate of the aforesaid late college called the King's hall, and thence leading towards the west unto the river there running near the same late college called the King's hall, with their appurtenances, situate and being in the town and in the university of Cambridge) a college of literature, the sciences, (a) Physwick hostel, which had belonged to Gonville hall (see vol. I. 105, 106), was granted to Henry VIII. by John Sturmyn, D.D., master, and the fellows of that house, 29 Oct. 1546. (6) Hovyngs or Ovings inn, in the parish of S. Michael, is said to have received its name from John Ovinge, clerk, who bought its site (then a vacant place) of the prioress and convent of S. Rhadegund in 1316. See pp. 218, 219. (c) This lane was called Foul lane, and is said to have been granted to the king by the mayor, bailiffs, and burgesses of the town of Cambridge. TRINITY COLLEGE. 237 philosophy, good arts, and sacred theology, for all time to endure, of one master and sixty fellows and scholars, to be called: " Trynitie College, within the Towne and Universitie of Cambridge, of Kynge Henry the Eights Fundacion." Of this college he constituted John Redman, D.D., his chaplain, the first master, and named as the first fellows and scholars, one doctor in divinity, ten bachelors in divinity, and forty-nine masters, bachelors, and scholars in arts. He willed that the master, fellows, and scholars should be governed by ordinances, rules, and statutes by him thereafter to be made ; that they should be a body corporate to plead and be impleaded, and to acquire and dispose of lands ; and that they should have a common seal ; and he granted that the college should be for ever united, annexed, and incorporated with the university, and become part, parcel, and member thereof, and enjoy all privileges, immunities, franchises, and liberties granted to the university by him or his progenitors. He further granted to the master, fellows, and scholars the site and buildings of King's hall, Michaelhouse, Fyswicke otherwise Fhisicke hostel, and Hovyng's inn, and the said lane, as also all the lead, glass, bells, vessels, jewels, utensils, goods, chattels, and implements of King's hall and Michael- house : to hold of him, his heirs, and successors in pure and perpetual alms. The letters patent conclude with a saving of the right of the king and his successors to nominate from time to time, as vacancies should occur, the 238 TRINITY COLLEGE. master of the college and all the poor persons therein to be maintained by the royal bounty. On the 24th of December following, by what is termed the charter of dotation, he granted certain manors, rectories, advowsons, and lands to the college. The following is a summary of the value of these estates as set forth in the charter, with the names of the former proprietors : . s. d. The dissolved college of King's hall . . . 85 12 7 The dissolved college of Michaelhouse . . . 144 3 1 The dissolved priory of Chixsande in the county of Bedford 39 12 The dissolved monastery of Caldwell in the county of Bedford 38 The dissolved monastery of Elmestowe in the county of Bedford 66 The dissolved priory of Newenham in the county of Bedford 66 7 8 The dissolved house of friars minors, commonly called grey friars, within the university and town of Cambridge . . . . .468 The dissolved monastery of Beauchief in the county of Derby 26 13 4 The dissolved monastery of Barkyng in the county of Essex 35 9 4 The dissolved monastery of Ramsey in the county of Huntingdon 33 6 8 The dissolved priory of Carthusians in the isle of Axholme in the county of Lincoln . 94 5 1^ The dissolved priory of nuns of Grymsbye in the county of Lincoln 16 11 2 The late monastery of S. Peter, Westminster . 37 16 8 The dissolved priory of Halywell in the county of Middlesex 23 10 The dissolved priory or hospital of S. John Jerusalem in England 84 TRINITY COLLEGE. 239 . a. d. The dissolved priory of Newstead in the county of Nottingham ...... 40 13 1^ The dissolved priory of Thurgarton in the county of Nottingham ...... 48 15 1 The dissolved priory or monastery of Blythe in the county of Nottingham . . . . 46 15 5 The dissolved priory of Worsoppe in the county of Nottingham ...... 23 19 3^ The dissolved abbey of Welbeck in the county of Nottingham ...... 12 11 8 The dissolved monastery of Shene in the county of Surrey ....... 40 The dissolved monastery of Merton in the county of Surrey ....... 20 The dissolved priory of Bremmer in the county of Southampton ...... 29 10 Prebend of Massham ...... 207 2 10 The dissolved monastery of S. Oswald in the county of York ...... 30 9 4 The dissolved monastery of Coverham in the archdeaconry of Richmond in the county of York ....... 50 The dissolved priory of S. Leonard in the city of York . ...... 32 The dissolved priory of Newburgh in the county of York . ...... 31 18 6 The dissolved monastery of S. Mary, near the walls of the city of York . . . . 82 10 4 Purchased by the king of Edward earl of Derby 12 4 5 Purchased by the king of Thomas lord Audley of Walden, lord high chancellor of England . 28 Purchased by the king of sir Thomas Darcy, knight 12 Purchased by the king of sir Edward Aston, knight 761 Rent reserved on the king's grant of the manor of Berngham in the county of Suffolk . . 26 13 4 1678 3 9J 240 TRINITY COLLEGE. All these estates were to be held of the king and his successors in pure and perpetual alms, the college rendering 19. Is. lid. per annum for certain tenths, and also an annual rent of 19. Is. lO^J., in full recompense of all services, rents, tenths, and first fruits. The king moreover granted that the prebend of Massham, and the rectories of Shitlington in Bed- fordshire, and Over in Cambridgeshire, should be appropriated to the college, whereto he also granted a fountain head (a) in the waste or common of the town of Cambridge, with the subterranean water- course therefrom to the college, in like manner as the master, fellows, and scholars of King's hall, (J) or the warden and convent of the house of friars minors had enjoyed the same; and he empowered the college, whenever it should be necessary, to enter on all intermediate lands to view or repair the leaden pipes conducting the water from such fountain head to the college. In the first instance the members of the college were provided for by payments from the court of augmentations, for in January, 1546-7, the treasurer of that court paid Dr. Redman 590, "towards the Exhibition of the King's Scolers in Cambridge." Edward VI. gave a code of statutes for the government of the college, and these appear to have been amended by the visitors of the university in July, 1549. (a) In the parish of S. Giles about a mile from the town. The conduit in the midst of the great court of the college derives a copious supply of excellent water from this source. (b) See p. 206. ilk. TRINITY COLLEGE. 241 Shortly after the foundation of the college it became celebrated for the greek and latin plays exhibited therein by the students at Christmas. The famous John Dee, one of the original fellows, took an active part in superintending these per- formances, which were under the direction of a Christmas magistrate, who, by the common consent of the university, was called the emperor. The first person who held the office was Thomas Donell, (a) also one of the fellows mentioned in the charter of foundation, " a very goodly man of person, stature, and complexion, and well learned also." Statutes were framed by commissioners under the authority of letters patent, dated 12 Nov. 1 Philip and Mary [1554], but they do not appear to have been perfected and signed. The delegates appointed by cardinal Pole to visit the university in 1556-7, took up their residence in this college. Queen Mary added greatly to the endowment of the society, making provision for the maintenance of twenty additional scholars, six singing men, and ten choristers with their master, four chaplains, and thirteen poor scholars or sizars. In her reign the chapel and the old library were commenced. Queen Elizabeth by letters patent, dated West- minster, 4 cal. April, [29th March], in the second year of her reign, [1560], gave a revised code of (a) B.A. 1540-1, M.A. 1544, B.D. 1549; rector of Toppesfield, Essex, 1551. He was deprived of this benefice in 1553 and became an exile for religion. In 1559 he was restored to his living, and had also the rectory of Birdbroke in the same county. He died 1571. Dee erroneously calls him Dun. VOL. II. R 242 TRINITY COLLEGE. statutes for the government of the college. This code fixed the number of members as follows : a master, sixty fellows, (the doctors in divinity, bachelors in that faculty and masters of arts being termed major fellows, and the bachelors of arts minor fellows) sixty-two scholars (viz. forty for the founder, twenty for queen Mary, and two for Thomas Allen), thirteen sizars, four chaplains, six clerks, ten choristers, an organist and master of the choristers, a grammar master for the choristers, twenty poor men of the foundation of Henry VIII., and four of the foun- dation of Thomas Allen. The officers were : a vice-master, eight counsellors called seniors, two deans, two bursars, a steward for the fellows com- mons, and twelve or at least eight preachers, nine college lecturers (whereof one to be principal lecturer, four sublectors for philosophy and dialectics, one for greek, one for latin, one for mathematics, and one for the greek grammar), three public readers of divinity, hebrew and greek, (o) an auditor, a steward of the courts, an attorney, a receiver general, a re- gistrar, a chapel keeper, a manciple, a porter, three cooks, one cater, a barber, two gardeners, three laundresses, and four servants, (of whom three were to serve the master and the fourth to take care of the college horses). On the 14th of December, 1560, the queen issued the following curious commission for procuring, by compulsory means, materials and workmen for com- pleting the chapel and library: (a) These are three of the regius professorships founded by Henry VIII. TRINITY COLLEGE. 243 Elizabeth, by the Grace of God of Englande Fraunce and Irelande Quene Defender of the Faythe, &c., to all and singuler our Justices of Peax Mayors Shereffs Baylyffs Constables, and all other our Officers Ministers and Subjectes to whome these presentes shall come, Greting. Whereas, within the College of the holye Trinitie, within our Universitie of Camebrige, of the Foundacion of our most Noble Father, of famouse Memorie, Kinge Henry th' Eight, there was a Chappie and Library lately begone in the tyme of our late dere Sister Quene Marie, which remayneth at this present unfynished, We therefore, being desirous to have the same perfitted and done in suche Ordre and forme as by the Dis- crescion of the Master and Felowes of the said College shal be thought convenient, to whom the Charge thereof is com- mytted, and for the better furtheraunce of there doings therin, We lett youe wyt, that We have auctorised and appoynted, and by these presentes do gyve full Power and Auctoritie to, our welbeloved George Redman Esquier, Thomas Barwike, Roger Lee, Richarde Burton, Oliver Grene, John Bruster, Carpenter, and John Bruster his Sonne, Humfrey Carter Free- Mason, and Robert Pers Bricklayer, and to every of them sufficient Deputie or Deputies of them and every of them, the Bearer or Bearers hereof, to take up and provide in all places, aswell within the Liberties as without, for the onely Use of the said Chappie and Library, all manner of Tymbre Bourde Planck Waynscott Lead Iron-worke Nayles Glasse Stone Bricke Tile Lyme Sande Lath, and all other Stufe and Necessaires mete and convenient for the said Workes. And also to take Masons Carpenters Joyners Plumers Bricklayers Tylers, and other Workemen and Laborers for the better Furtheraunce of the said Worke. And all manner of Carnages by Land and Water for reasonable and readye Money to be payde in that behalfe ; Wherefore We wooll and coniaunde youe and every of youe, by these Presentes, to be aydyng helping and assisting the said George Redman, Thomas Barwicke, Roger Lee, Richard Burton, Oliver Grene, John Bruster Carpenter, John Bruster his Sonne, Humfrey Carter and Robert Pers, and the Deputie and Deputies of them and every of them, the Bearor or Bearors hereof, in the due Exe- R-2 244 TRINITY COLLEGE. cucion hereof, as ye and every of you tendre our Pleasure and will answere to the contrary at your Parills. In witnesse whereof, &c. Witnes our selfe at Westminster, the xiv Daye of Decembre. Per ipsam Reginatn. The college acquired extraordinary reputation during the mastership (1567-77) of Dr. John Whitgift afterwards archbishop of Canterbury. Dr. Thomas Neville who became master in 1593, effected a great alteration in the appearance of the college by forming the great court, (a) and making other improvements. In March, 1612-13, prince Charles and his brother- in-law Frederick prince elector palatine of the Rhine, were entertained in the master's lodge of this college. On the night of the 3rd, the latin comedy of Adelphe was performed before them (i) in (a) The state of the college buildings previously to Dr. Neville's im- provements, appears in the rude bird's-eye view in the map of Cambridge, 1574, dedicated to archbishop Parker, and found in some copies of Dr. Caius's History of the University. (b) We have before alluded to the celebrity of the dramatic perfor- mances at this college. The tragedy of Roxana, written in latin by William Alabaster, fellow, was acted at this college in 1590, and about the same time was performed here the latin comedy of Pedantius by Anthony Wingfield, fellow. Two comedies and a tragedy were acted here at the bachelors' com- mencement, 1594-5, which was graced with the presence of the earls of Shrewsbury, Rutland, and Essex, and other noblemen, with many knights and gentlemen. The master and seniors had previously written to lord Burghley to borrow certain attire for the tragedy from the office of robes in the Tower. In this letter they refer to a similar indulgence having been granted them upon a former occasion. In February, 1600-1, an attack was made by certain scholars of this college upon the fellows and scholars of S. John's who came here to see the comedies. A complaint was made by the latter to the Vice-chancellor's court. Sixty witnesses were examined, and the assault was clearly proved to have been premeditated, but the result of the proceedings does not appear. TRINITY COLLEGE. 245 the college hall. The representation occupied seven hours or more. The prince elector slept during the greater part of this period. Prince Charles was very attentive, but on their return to Newmarket, both princes complained of the immoderate length and stupidity of the play. On the night of the 4th, the latin pastoral of Scyros, written by Samuel Brooke, fellow, afterwards master, was performed. By an indenture made 23rd of March, 1612-13, the mayor bailiffs and burgesses of the town, con- veyed to the college a parcel of pasture and meadow which theretofore did lie in common at all times of the year in Cambridge west field, containing by estimation eight acres, lying west of the river or high stream, between a causey which led from the bridge called Garret hostel bridge unto the field on one side, and the ground appertaining to S. John's college on the other ; also one other parcel of pasture ground lying on the back side of this college next the same towards the east, and adjoining the river towards the west, and which theretofore was parcel of a common green called Garret hostel green, and was then lately divided with a great ditch from the residue of that green. (a) The college paid the town A latin comedy, called Leander, was acted here at the bachelors' com- mencement, 1602-3, and at or about the same time, the latin comedy of Labyrinthus, by Walter Hawkesworth, fellow, was performed in this college. (a) A treaty for the acquisition of this land by the college, was pending as early as 1547, and was renewed on several subsequent occasions. On the morrow of S.S. Simon and Jude, 1578, the corporation deputed the mayor and others to commune with the master and fellows of this college, for the exchange of a piece of common ground on the west side of the river at Garret hostel, and a part of the common called Garret green on the east side of the river at the back of the college for the site of the Grey friars, where it was proposed to erect a hospital for the poor of the town. 246 TRINITY COLLEGE. 50, and also granted in exchange a capital mes- suage called Michaelhouse grange in the parish of S. Andrew the Great and certain lands in Cam- bridge. (fl) King James I. and Charles, prince of Wales, during their visit to Cambridge, 7th to llth March, 1614-15, lodged at this college. In the hall, where it is said above two thousand spectators were con- veniently placed, the following plays were performed : on the first night ^Emilia, a latin comedy by Thomas Cecil, fellow of S. John's college ; on the second, the famous latin comedy of Ignoramus, by George Ruggle, fellow of Clare hall, but sometime a member of this society ; on the third, the english comedy of Albumazar, by Thomas Tomkis, a fellow of this house; on the fourth, the latin pastoral of Melanthe, by Samuel Brooke, fellow, afterwards master of this college. (6) On Saturday the 13th of May, 1615, king James I. was again entertained at this college. The comedy The final arrangement was made by James Robson, alderman, on the part of the town, and Gregory Milner, fellow, on the part of the college. The acquisition of this land by Trinity college was for a long time opposed by the master and fellows of S. John's, who ultimately gave their consent on three conditions : 1. that a walk sixteen feet broad should be reserved to S. John's; 2. that an annual acknowledgement should be paid by Trinity to S. John's ; 3. that S. John's college should have liberty to take water to supply a conduit which they intended to form in their second court. (a) Part of these lands constitute the common now called Parker's piece, so designated from Edward Parker, the cook of the college, who 16th of Dec. 30 Eliz. had a lease of the greater part thereof, as also of Michaelhouse grange. (6) A fifth play Sicelides, a piscatory by Phineas Fletcher, fellow of King's college was also prepared. It was acted at the author's own college on the evening of the day on which the king left Cambridge. TRINITY COLLEGE. 247 of Ignoramus was repeated on this occasion with great applause. It began about eight in the evening and ended about one in the morning. On Sunday the 14th his majesty attended morning service in the college chapel, where a sermon ad clerum was preached by Edward Simpson, B.D., one of the fellows. On Monday the 15th, a divinity act was celebrated before his majesty in the college chapel. The dis- putants were William Roberts, B.D., fellow of this college ; Edward Bigland, B.D., fellow of Queens' college ; Thomas Comber, B.D., fellow of this college and afterwards master, and William Chappell, B.D., fellow of Christ's college, afterwards bishop of Cork. Thomas Cecil, B.D., fellow of S. John's college was the moderator. The judges of assize have for above two centuries lodged in this college. When the practice first com- menced we know not. The earliest instance which we have met with is at the summer assizes 1616, when Mr. baron Altham and Mr. justice Dodderidge had their lodgings here. (a) The latin comedy of Fraus Honesta, by Edmund Stubbe, B.A., fellow, was first performed in this col- lege in 1616. On the 25th of February, 1622-3, the ambas- (a) There is an interesting passage in lord Clarendon's life, from which it appears that in the summer of 1628 he rode the circuit with his uncle, sir Nicholas Hyde, lord chief justice of the king's bench, who with his colleague, Mr. justice Harvey, lodged in Trinity college. Young Hyde, being dangerously ill, and apprehensions of the small-pox being entertained, he was removed from the college to the Sun inn over against the college gate, where he was put under the care of John Crane, the famous apothe- cary, who was in much greater practice than any physician in the university. 248 TRINITY COLLEGE. sadors of Spain and Austria were entertained at this college with great magnificence, and on the 12th of March following king James I. again came to Cambridge and took up his abode in this col- lege, where, after dinner, was performed in his presence the latin comedy of Loila, by John Hacket, fellow, afterwards bishop of Lichfield and Coventry. The hall was darkened for the occasion, and by the king's order the play was abbreviated from six or seven hours to four or five. In December, 1624, king James I. visited Cam- bridge for the fourth time, and again took up his abode in this college, where he kept his court. His son, Charles prince of Wales, accompanied him, and on the 12th his majesty signed here a ratification of the treaty with France respecting the marriage of the prince of Wales to the princess Henrietta Maria. During his visit the king was confined with the gout in his hands and arms. A letter from him to the university bears date at his court in Trinity college in Cambridge on the 17th of December. The duke of Buckingham, chancellor of the uni- versity, accompanied by bishop Laud and many noblemen and gentlemen of distinction, visited the university in March, 1626-7, when he was enter- tained at dinner in this college. In September, 1629, the french ambassador, the earl of Holland, chancellor of the university, and his brother the earl of Warwick, were entertained at dinner in this college, where the comedy of Fraus Honesta was afterwards performed before them. TRINITY COLLEGE. 249 King Charles I. and his queen on visiting the university 22nd of March, 1631-2, were entertained at this college where speeches were made to them by Robert Creighton, fellow, and public orator of the university, afterwards bishop of Bath and Wells, and Dr. Comber, the master. Their majesties dined in the master's lodge, and then went to the comedy in the hall. It seems that two comedies were acted on this occasion : The Rival Friends, by Peter Hausted, M.A., fellow of Queens' college, and The Jealous Lovers, by Thomas Randolph, M.A., fellow of this house. Abraham Cowley's play of Naufragium Joculare, was acted in this college, 10th of February, 1638-9. In March, 1641-2, Charles, prince of Wales, (afterwards king Charles II.) visited the university, and dined at this college, where he saw a comedy, in english, called The Guardian, written by Abraham Cowley. (a) Two days afterwards king Charles I. came to Cambridge, and was received at this college with an oration by Dr. Comber, the master, who presented him with a bible. He then went to the college chapel with which he was much pleased. On the 12th of March, 1646-7, sir Thomas Fairfax, the general of the parliamentary forces, was received at this college in great state. A latin oration was made by one of the fellows who had been a soldier in his regiment. In the chapel he was presented with a rich bible, and in the hall with a sumptuous banquet. (a) Afterwards altered and entitled, The Cutter of Coleman Street. It seems that Paria by Thomas Vincent was also acted on this occasion. 250 TRINITY COLLEGE. THE BIBHOP S HOSTEL. On the 16th of March, 1662-3, James, duke of Monmouth, then about fourteen years old, was entertained with a banquet and a comedy at this college. Cosmo de Medicis, prince of Tuscany, (afterwards grand duke, with the title of Cosmo III.) on his visit to Cambridge, 1st of May, 1669, was received with much honour at this college. Thomas Dove, M.A., one of the fellows, made him a speech in english, and Dr. Pearson the master, and the seniors shewed him the hall and second court, and brought him to the master's lodge. Thence he went to the comedy house, (0) where a latin comedy was performed, which lasted till about nine at night. In 1670, Garret's hostel was rebuilt from the benefaction of Dr. John Hacket, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, sometime fellow of this house, who gave 1200 for the purpose, and requested "that it might thenceforth be called Bishop's hostel, without any more addition of his remembrance, and that the rents of the chambers in the new building might (a) The prince himself calls this a theatre, "rather small than spacious." TKINITY COLLEGE. 251 be expended upon the college library, either for books or desks, or for the fabric and structure of the library." Charles II. on his visit to the university on the 4th of October, 1671, dined at this college, the dinner being served by regent masters of arts in their habits. After dinner his majesty knighted Charles Caesar, esq., who brought up the first dish. A comedy was then acted, at which the king ex- pressed himself well pleased. In 1676 the present magnificent library of the college was commenced in connection with the com- pletion of the northern and southern sides of Neville's court. The famous Dr. Isaac Barrow was then master, and the works were continued in the time of his successors Dr. North and Dr. Montagu. Charles II. again visited this college on the 27th of October, 1681, being accompanied by the queen. Their majesties went to view the library then in course of erection. In Neville's court an address to the queen in english verse, was spoken by Richard Duke, B.A., one of the fellows. King William III. visited the university on the 30th of September, 1689. In the first court of this college a congratulatory speech was made to him by Dr. Montagu the master, and in Neville's court another speech was made by William Norres, esq., M.A., one of the fellows. In the library, then nearly completed, he was presented with english verses. His majesty dined in the hall at the charge of the university. Prince George of Denmark, the Spanish and dutch ambassadors, and other foreign 252 TRINITY COLLEGE. ministers, and a great number of noblemen and gentlemen also partook of the entertainment. Queen Anne visited this college when she came to Cambridge on the 16th of April, 1705. Dr. Bentley, the master, received her with a speech, and her majesty conferred the honour of knighthood on the illustrious Newton. She subsequently dined in the hall at the expence of the university, and after dinner viewed the college library. George I. on visiting Cambridge on the 6th of October, 1717, was received at this college by Dr. Bentley, the master, (a) visited the library, and dined at the master's lodge with a select company of ten noblemen, the duke of Somerset, chancellor of the university, with the royal retinue being at the same time entertained in the college hall. George II. was entertained at dinner in the hall on the 24th of April, 1728. A throne with six steps was erected at one end, and the king was waited upon by twelve of the fellow-commoners. At the sides of the hall were scaffolds for the ladies, and in the middle tables for the nobility, gentry, and doctors. There were above eight hundred dishes. Whilst at dinner Dr. Bentley, the master, stood on his majesty's right hand, and discoursed with him very freely. (a) The king came here from King's college, but a distressing mistake occurred. Mr. Grigg the vice-chancellor, anxious that his majesty should see his own college of Clare hall, led him by that house to the Queen's gate of Trinity. No intimation had been given of Grigg's design, and his majesty's arrival being of course expected at the King's gate, the master and the college were drawn up there. The Queen's gate had been closed to prevent the irruption of the populace, and some time elapsed before the king could get admission , standing meanwhile in the lane, which is described to have been at that time " a most dirty filthy place." TRINITY COLLEGE. 253 On the 27th of April, 1734, Dr. Thomas Greene, bishop of Ely, as visitor in that behalf, convicted Dr. Richard Bentley, master of this college, of having dilapidated the goods of the college, and violated its statutes, and accordingly adjudged that he should be deprived of his office. We subjoin a succinct narrative of the extraordinary proceedings against Dr. Bentley, which were continued in an infinite variety of forms for above twenty-eight years. On the 6th of February, 1709-10, thirty of the fellows presented a petition against Dr. Bentley, the master, to Dr. Moore, then bishop of Ely. On the llth of July, 1710, thirty-seven of the fellows presented to bishop Moore, fifty-four articles against Dr. Bentley. In August the bishop sent Dr. Bentley a copy of these articles, and on the 21st of November, peremptorily required his answer by the 18th of December. Before that day Dr. Bentley presented a petition to the queen, representing that her majesty was the real visitor of the college, and that the bishop of Ely in assuming the visitatorial style and functions, was invading the rights of the crown. Secretary St. John wrote to the attorney and solicitor- general, to report their opinion thereon with all convenient speed, and the attorney-general was directed to signify to the bishop, that the queen had taken the affair into her own cognizance, and enjoin his lordship to stay all further proceedings till her majesty's pleasure were known. The bishop in his reply submitted to her majesty's pleasure. On the 29th of May, 1711, the attorney and solicitor-general reported that the master of the 254 TRINITY COLLEGE. college was subject to the bishop's jurisdiction, adding that if the queen or Dr. Bentley thought fit to contest this opinion, the matter might be judicially determined on a motion for a prohibition. On the 12th of July, Dr. Bentley wrote to the earl of Oxford, lord treasurer, who thereupon directed the opinion of the attorney and solicitor-general to be submitted to the crown lawyers, with certain questions as to the legality of the queen taking the whole visitation of the college into her own hands. Meantime the bishop was directed to stay all proceedings. The crown lawyers on the 9th of January, 1711-12, reported that they deemed the queen to be general visitor of the college, but that the bishop of Ely had power to decide upon the charges against the master. They added that it was in her majesty's power to alter the visitatorial authority, provided such alteration met with the acceptance of the college. It must be observed, however, that sir Joseph Jekyll thought that the bishop was general visitor. The fellows in Easter term, 1713, obtained from the court of queen's bench, a rule, whereby the bishop was called upon to shew cause why a man- damus should not issue to compel him to proceed on the articles against Dr. Bentley. On the 18th of April, the secretary of state wrote to the bishop, giving him the queen's permission to proceed in the cause, as far as by law he was empowered. The petition and articles being again subscribed by the fellows, Dr. Bentley, on the 13th of June, sent his answer to the articles. The fellows replied, TRINITY COLLEGE. 255 Dr. Bentley rejoined, the fellows sur-rejoined, and depositions in support of the charge were pre- pared. The trial before the bishop commenced at Ely house in Holborn, in May, 1714. It continued six weeks, and the bishop was, it is said, about to pro- nounce sentence of deprivation when he caught a cold, from which illness ensued, which terminated fatally on the 31st of July. Dr. Fleetwood succeeded to the see of Ely, and Serjeant Miller in the name and on behalf of many of the fellows presented to him fresh articles against Dr. Bentley, but the bishop declined taking cogni- zance of the accusation. On the 16th of May, 1716, seventeen of the fellows petitioned the king to ascertain the visitatorial power, either by a new grant or confirmation of it to the bishop of Ely, or by authorizing such persons to execute the same as to his majesty should seem fit. On the 26th of October this petition was read in council, and referred to the attorney-general. On the 26th of May, 1719, the petition was referred by the lords justices to a committee of the privy council. Pending this reference bishop Fleetwood refused to act as visitor. Dr. Greene, who succeeded Dr. Fleetwood in the see of Ely, having consented to act as visitor, the fellows were preparing fresh articles against Dr. Bentley, when, on the 10th of August, 1728, he procured the college seal to be affixed to a petition to the king, praying his majesty would determine the disputes in the society. The prosecutors drew 256 TRINITY COLLEGE. up counter-petitions, and on the 6th of November the bishop petitioned that he might be heard in behalf of the rights of his see. A committee of the privy council was appointed to consider the merits of the case. The committee after hearing all parties by counsel, decided in March, 1728-9, that they could not advise his majesty to interfere, and that the bishop was at liberty to proceed as he thought proper. Robert Johnson, B.D., one of the fellows in 1729, presented to bishop Greene articles against Dr. Bentley, and on the 1st of April, the bishop cited the master to appear and answer at Ely house on the 5th. -of May. On the 3rd of May, Dr. Bentley applied to the king's bench for a prohibition ; a rule nisi was granted on the 7th, but on cause being shown the rule was discharged. On the 2nd of June Dr. Bentley appeared at Ely house, and excepted to the articles. These exceptions were heard on the 9th, and overruled by the bishop who, however, directed some alterations to be made in the articles, and appointed a day for the promoter to present them in a corrected form. On the 21st of June, Dr. Bentley again applied to the king's bench for a prohibition. A rule nisi was granted and made absolute on the 10th of November. In Michaelmas term, 1730, the pleadings in the action of prohibition were argued in the king's bench, but the decision was postponed till Trinity Term, 1731, when the court decided upon continuing the prohibition on the ground of an inaccurate descrip- tion of the bishop's visitatorial power. After this decision, fresh articles were prepared against Dr. VIEW KKllM THE S.E ANGLE OK TIIE CT.OISTERS. TRINITY COLLEGE. 257 Bentley, who petitioned the king to command the attorney-general to issue a fiat prohibiting the bishop's visitation. This petition was referred to the attorney and solicitor-general, who after argu- ment, decided on the 4th of August, that the fiat prayed for by Dr. Bentley would be illegal and unprecedented. Subsequently a writ of error against the decision of the king's bench, was brought in the house of lords, who on the 15th of February, 1732-3, reversed the decision of the king's bench, as to twenty of the sixty-four articles, condemning the bishop as plaintiff in error in 100 costs. On the 31st of May, 1733, the writ of consultation was sent to the bishop, who cited Dr. Bentley to appear at Ely house, on the 13th of June, as he accordingly did by his proctor who put in a negative plea. Witnesses were subsequently examined both for the prosecution and defence, and after many hearings before the bishop and his assessors, the result was the before mentioned sentence of depri- vation. As soon as the bishop had pronounced this sen- tence, he transmitted one copy to Dr. Bentley, ordered another to be affixed to the college gates, and sent a third to Dr. John Hacket, the vice- master, with a mandate requiring him to execute it. Dr. Hacket returned for answer that he would take legal advice for his conduct. On the 17th of May, Dr. Hacket resigned the office of vicemaster, to which Dr. Richard Walker, a devoted adherent of Dr. Bentley, was appointed. Dr. Walker of course took no steps for the deprivation of his friend. VOL. n. s 258 TRINITY COLLEGE. In January, 1734-5, the bishop sent his mandate to Dr. Walker, requiring him immediately to deprive the master agreeably to his sentence. To this no attention was paid. In Trinity term, 1735, a motion was made in the king's bench, for a mandamus to compel the vicemaster to give effect to the bishop's sentence. The court granted a writ, to which in Michaelmas term, Dr. Walker made a special return, which being argued, the court quashed the writ. A rule was then obtained for a mandamus requiring the bishop as general visitor to do his duty in compelling the vicemaster to the execution of his sentence. This rule was discharged on the 22nd of April, 1738, and the death of bishop Greene, which occurred on the 18th of May in the same year, put an end to the affair, Dr. Bentley dying in the undisturbed possession of the mastership, on the 14th of July, 1742. Notwithstanding his violent, arbitrary, and capricious conduct, he improved the buildings and walks, restored the discipline of the college, and much enhanced its literary reputation. (a) His highness William Frederick duke of Glou- cester, on his installation as chancellor of the university, (a) The Life of Dr. Bentley, by James Henry Monk, D.D., late bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, sometime fellow of this college, is a work of high repute, and contains a full account of all the proceedings connected with the charges against Dr. Bentley. In the first, or 4to. edition, are some documents which were omitted in the second, or 8vo. edition. Some addi- tional light has been thrown upon the conduct of Dr. Bentley, and his contemporaries, by the publication of the Diary of Edward Rud, D.D. To this work, edited for the Cambridge Antiquarian Society, by the rev. H. R. Luard, M.A., fellow and tutor of this college, (Camb. 8vo. I860,) are subjoined some letters of Dr. Bentley and his wife, which had not previously been published. TRINITY COLLEGE. 259 on the 29th of June, 1811, gave a sumptuous dinner to nearly one thousand persons in the cloisters of Neville's court, a temporary awning being erected on the eastern side. In the evening he gave a collation in the cloisters, the company, which exceeded three thousand, being entertained with a brilliant display of fireworks. On the 1st of July he held a levee in the master's lodge. In the evening a grand dinner was given in the hall, by the master and fellows. On the 3rd of July, Mr. Sadler ascen- ded in an air balloon from the great court, and a public breakfast was given in the cloisters, to fifteen hundred ladies and gentlemen. His royal highness the duke of Gloucester, chan- cellor of the university, visiting Cambridge at the commencement 1819, was entertained by this society with great magnificence in the hall on the 5th of July. On the following day a public breakfast was given in the cloisters, upwards of one thousand persons being present. On the 12th of August, 1823, (being the birth- day of George IV.) the first stone of a new court was laid by the right honourable Charles Manners Sutton, speaker of the house of commons, (deputed by the king to represent him on the occasion) attended by the vice-chancellor, high steward, noblemen, heads of houses, doctors, professors, proctors, and other officers and members of the university who came in procession from the senate-house, as also by the master, fellows, scholars, and students of this society. This court properly called the King's court, but more generally known as the New court, cost up- 260 TRINITY COLLEGE. GATEWAY TO THE NEW COURT, LEADING TO THE WALKS. wards of 50,000, whereof 1000 was contributed by his majesty. On the 24th of August, 1823, the mayor, bailiffs, and burgesses of the town of Cambridge, conveyed to the master, fellows, and scholars five several parcels of ground at the back of the college. These had been previously held by the college of the corporation on lease. (a) The marquess of Camden, after his installation as chancellor of the university, on the 7th of July, 1835, was entertained at dinner in the hall of this college. On the 9th there was a public breakfast in Neville's court, of which nearly two thousand (a) The last leases (respectively for 999 years) were dated 22nd June, 1791, and 23rd March, 1802. Portions of the King's or new court stand on some part of the above mentioned property. TRINITY COLLEGE. 261 persons partook, and which was followed by a grand display of fireworks. Her majesty queen Victoria, accompanied by her illustrious consort, H.E-.H. prince Albert, visited the university on the 25th of October, 1843. They were received at this college, by Dr. Whewell, master and vice-chancellor of the university. Her majesty having partaken of refreshment at the master's lodge, proceeded to hold a court in the hall, at the upper end whereof a throne was erected. Here addresses of congratulation were presented by the university to her majesty and prince Albert. In the evening her majesty and the prince visited the college chapel, the queen retiring to the master's lodge, whilst the prince, accompanied by Dr. Whewell, viewed the college library by ' torchlight. Her majesty, who had a private dinner party in the lodge and afterwards held a levee there, left Cambridge on the following day. On the 24th of February, 1844, queen Victoria, upon the petition of the society, gave her sanction to a revised code of statutes. Her majesty again honoured this college with a visit in July, 1847, when H.R.H. prince Albert was installed as chancellor of the university. She received an address from the university in the hall. On the 6th, her majesty and the prince attended a grand banquet in the hall, after which she held a levee in the master's lodge, where on the next day the prince chancellor held his levee. On that day a grand public breakfast was given in Neville's court, and in the grounds of this college and S. John's. 262 TKINITY COLLEGE. It was attended by three thousand five hundred and eighty-eight persons, and honoured with the presence of her majesty and the prince. Statutes for the government of the society, framed by the university commissioners, passed their common seal on the 1st of July, 1859. Under this code the society consists of a master, sixty fellows at least, seventy- two (a) scholars at least, sixteen sizars at least, four chaplains, a librarian, three professors of divinity, greek, and hebrew respectively, and twenty-four poor men. A new and elegant stone building, at present called the master's court, situate on the eastern side of Trinity street, immediately opposite the principal gate of the college, was erected in 1860, at the sole charge of Dr. William Whewell, the present master of the college. BENEFACTOES. William Filey, D.D., principal of Physwick hostel, in 1549 left many books of value ; Thomas Allen, rector of Stevenage, by will dated May, 1558, gave to the college lands in the counties of Leicester, Kent, Hertford, and Stafford, subject to annual payments to the schools of Uttoxeter, Stone, and Stevenage, and for other benevolent purposes ; John Christopherson, bishop of Chichester, master, gave many books both printed and manuscript to the library, also hangings and other goods to his successors in the mastership ; (a) Viz. forty for the founder, twenty for queen Mary, two for the rev. Thomas Allen, five for lady Bromley, one for lady Jermyn, one for Mr. Newman, one for Mr. Martin, one for Mrs. Whewell, and one for Mr. John Brown. TRINITY COLLEGE. 263 William Bill, D.D., master, by will dated 6tli May, 1561, bequeathed 100 marks for the fabric of the chapel, and 10 for poor students, he also gave one-fourth of his books to the library; Francis Russell, earl of Bedford, and sir William Cecil, afterwards lord Burghley, gave stone for the con- struction of the chapel; Robert Beaumont, D.D., master, by will in 1567, gave 40 for stalling and glazing the library, also divinity books and pictures, and 10 to poor students ; Frances Jermyn (daughter of sir Ambrose Jermyn), by will 10th September, 1581, founded a scholarship ; John Whitgift, archbishop of Canterbury, sometime master, gave one hundred and fifty-one MSS. to the library, also plate ; Richard Cosin, LL.D., sometime fellow, bequeathed 16 per annum for two poor scholars; Thomas Skeffington, LL.D., fellow, gave a good col- lection of books to the library ; Anne Cox, of London, widow, left an annuity to poor scholars of this house for seventeen years ; Godfrey Golds- borough, bishop of Gloucester, Matthew Hutton, archbishop of York, William Redman, bishop of Norwich, all sometime fellows, and John Still, bishop of Bath and Wells, sometime master, gave 100 marks each; sir Edward Stanhope, LL.D., some- time fellow, gave 100 to complete the library and bequeathed 700 to endow the office of librarian, he also gave books to the library, and 40 to poor scholars; Peter Shaw, D.D., rector of Bury, Lan- cashire, sometime fellow, in 1608 left many books to the library; Robert West, D.D., senior fellow, and rector of Fakenham and Snoring, in 1610 be- 264 TRINITY COLLEGE. queathed 50; Thomas Neville, D.D., master, and dean of Canterbury, lent 3000 for new buildings, and afterwards, at his own charge, erected a great part of the court called after his name, he also gave good MSS. and printed books to the library ; George Palyn, citizen and girdler of London, gave 300 to buy lands for exhibition to poor scholars ; Elizabeth, widow of Geoffrey Elwes, alderman of London, in 1615, left 6 a year for an exhibition; Thomas Hopes, rector of North Runcton in Norfolk, some- time scholar, by will in 1615, left a small annuity for an exhibition at this college, to which he devised the advowson of the rectory of North Runcton, la) with a preference to the vicemaster; Lady Anne Bromley, in 1618 endowed five additional scholar- ships; Roger Jeston, in 1622 charged certain lands in London, given by him to the Haberdashers' company, with payment of 20 annually to three students in divinity in this college ; Anne lady Weld, widow of sir Humphrey Weld, in 1623 left 32 a year for exhibitions; sir Ralph Hare, K.B., gave 100; John Richardson, D.D., master, in 1625 left 300 by will ; George Willmer, esq., in or about 1626 gave some excellent MSS. to the library; sir Michael Stanhope gave a good collection of books to the library; Robert Bankworth, D.D., sometime fellow, lent the college a large sum free of interest; Silvius Elwes, M.A., chaplain, gave a good collection of books to the library; Baptist Hicks, viscount Campden, who died in 1629, and was sometime a (a) Exchanged in 1840 for the rectory of Reepham with Kerdiston in the same county. .v. :.::: :. . -. ... TRINITY COLLEGE. 265 fellow commoner of this college, amongst his exten- sive charities made ample provision for exhibitions to this college from S. Paul's school \ (a] Thomas White, citizen of London, in 1630 gave 4 a year to a scholar of this college; John Furtho, M.D., fellow, gave 100 and books to the library; Thomas Whalley, D.D., vicemaster, gave books to the library and 100 to buy more; Samuel Hicson, senior fellow, left many books to the library; Peter Ashton, D.D., vicemaster, in 1638 bequeathed 200 for beautify- ing the chapel; Ambrose Acroyde, LL.D., fellow, in 1640 left lands in Yorkshire and 150; John Highlord, alderman of London, by will 2nd No- vember, 1640, bequeathed 500 for exhibitions; sir William Sedley, bart., and Oliver S. John, earl of Bolingbroke, gave many books to the library; lady Anne Sadler (daughter of sir Edward Coke) gave a collection of books and ancient coins ; Edward Wilson, esq., of Nether Levens, in 1652 gave 6. 13s. 4d. for an exhibition to this college; Robert Metcalfe, D.D., senior fellow and Regius professor of hebrew, in 1653 left 100 to pur- chase theological books for the library ; James Nidd, senior fellow, in 1659 left his books to the library ; the rev. Stephen Newman, M.A., in 1663 gave by will, houses and lands at Cavenharn in Suf- folk, and Murston and Bicknor in Kent, with which a scholarship has been endowed ; William (a) This benefaction has often been referred to a viscount Campden who died in 1685. No such person died in that year, and at that period the family title was earl of Gainsborough. In Stow's Surrey of London, ed. Strype, i. 288, the benefaction is expressly attributed to the first viscount Campden. 266 TKINITY COLLEGE. Chamberlayne, D.D., canon of Windsor and some- time fellow, in 1666 left 100 for an exhibition; John Hacket, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, sometime fellow, gave 1200 to build Bishop's hostel, and also gave many books to the library; Herbert Thorndike, canon of Westminster, sometime fellow, in 1672 left his lease of Trumpington rectory, the sale of which produced 3000 stock for the perpetual augmentation of the vicarage of Trumpington ; Robert Crane, LL.D., senior fellow, in 1672 bequeathed 50 for sacred uses and MSS. and printed books to the library; James Duport, D.D., dean of Peter- borough, sometime vicemaster, in 1673 gave the advowson of Papworth Everard, also more than 2000 volumes to the library; lady Tryphena Verney, in 1673 in satisfaction of a legacy of 300 given to the college by the will of her husband, George Verney, esq., conveyed lands at South Littleton in Worcester- shire, for the maintenance of two scholars. The following donations were made between 1675 and 1695, for defraying the cost of erecting and fitting up the library of the college : Sir John Abdy, 21. 10s.; sir Thomas Abdy of Kelvedon, 25 ; Mr. Adams of London, 20 ; Charles Alchorne, M.A., 5 ; John Allen, M.A., 5 ; Mr. Angell, fellow-commoner, 10 ; sir John Arderne, 20 ; Joseph Arrowsmith, M.A., 20 ; Thomas Arrowsmith, M.A., 50 ; Francis Aungier, M.A., 5 ; Thomas Austin, esq., 20 ; Humphrey Babington, D.D., 128 ; Matthew Babington, M.A., 20; John Badcocke, 20; Peter Bafford of Earls Soham, Suffolk, 10; Thomas Bainbridge, D.D., 50 ; William Baldwin, M.A., 30 ; sir Edward Barkham, bart., 50; Miles Barne, D.D., fellow of Peterhouse, 10; Thomas Barnes, esq., 20; sir John Barrington, bart., 150; TRINITY COLLEGE. 267 Isaac Barrow, D.D., master, 100; Isaac Barrow, bishop of S. Asaph, 50 ; Peter Bashford, M.A., 10 ; Edward Bathurst, M.A., 20 ; John Battely, D.D., 32. 10s. ; Nicholas Battely, M.A., 10 ; Roger Beckwith, esq., 10. 15s. ; William Beckwith, esq., 10 ; John Bedford, M.A., rector of S. Gerran's, Cornwall, 25 ; John Bee of Nottingham, 5 ; sir Charles Berkeley, 20 ; Richard Beuskin, B.A., 10. 15s.; col. Richard Binns, 10. 15s.; William Bispham, M.A., 10; William Blamore, B.A., 5; Mr. Blendel, fellow commoner, 10; Samuel Blithe, D.D., master of Clare hall, 10; Thomas Blomer, D.D., 50; Edmund Boleworth of London, 10. 15s. ; Valentine Booth, rector of Claycoton, Northamptonshire, 5 ; Thomas Boteler, M.A., 30 ; Matthew Boucheret, M.A., 52. 10s. ; Reuben Bowen, M.A., 32. 10s.; John Bowes, D.D., 20; William Bowes, esq., of Streatlam, 30 ; Samuel Bowles, M.A., fellow of Trinity hall, 10. 15s. ; Thomas Bowyer, rector of Denham Bucks, 10; Daniel Brattell, D.D., 100; Francis Bridge, D.D., 50 ; Mr. Bridger, fellow commoner, 5 ; Clement Breton, H.A., 30 ; William Briggs, citizen of Norwich, 5. 7s. 6d. ; Francis Brokesby, B.D., 20 ; Obadiah Brokesby, M.A., 5 ; John Brook- bank, LL.D., 10 ; Robert Bruce, earl of Ailesbury, 21. 10s. ; Henry Brunsel, LL.D., canon of Ely, 25 ; Buck, (father of Dr. Buck,) 50; John Budgen, M.D., 10; William Burrell, M.A., 20 ; Joshua Burton, M.A., 10. 15s. ; Richard Byuns D.D., 5. 7s. Qd. ; sir Charles Caesar, 20 ; Robert Callow, M.A., 20; Edward Carleton, vicar of Narburgh, Norfolk, 10 ; John Castell, D.D., rector of great Greeiiford, 55 ; William Castell, 5; John Castilion, D.D., dean of Rochester, 10; George Chaniberlaine, D.D., vicemaster, 100; Thomas Chamberlaine, M.D., 10 ; Mr. Chamberlaine, fellow commoner, 10 ; Thomas Chambers, citizen of London, 6. 9s. ; George Chare, M.A., 30 ; Philip Chandler of Woodbridge, 10. 15s. ; Edward Chester, M.A., 25; sir Thomas Chicheley, 140; Edward Clifford, vicar of Cratfield, Suffolk, 20; sir William Clifton, 50; Patrick Cock, M.A., 20; Nathaniel Coga, D.D., master of Pembroke hall, 10 ; Joseph Coke, M.B., 15 ; Edward Colbournc of the Dolphin tavern, Cambridge, 5 ; Edward Coleman, esq., M.A., 50 ; Mr. Collard, fellow commoner, 10 ; Charles Cooke, esq., 5. 7s. 6(7. ; William Cook, LL.D., fellow of Jesus college, 268 TRINITY COLLEGE. 20 ; Mr. Conliffe, 2. 3*. ; William Corker, M.A., 50 ; Corpus Christi college, Cambridge, 5. Is. 6d. ; John Copleston, D.D., provost of King's college, 10. 15s. ; John Cory, fellow of Corpus Christi college, 5. 7*. 6d. ; sir John Cotton, 50 ; Mr. Thomas Cotton of Cheshire, 5 ; Peter Courthope, esq., 20 ; John Courtman, B.D., 10; Francis Crane, esq., 50; Thomas Crawley, D.D., 40 ; Cressar, (father of Stephen Cressar, D.D.,) 10 ; hon. John Crew, 20 ; Nathaniel lord Crew, bishop of Durham, 53. 15s.; Robert Creyghton, D.D., 80; James Crompton, M.A., fellow of Jesus college, 5. 7s. 6d. ; Ralph Cudworth, D.D., master of Christ's college, 40; Richard Culverwell, M.A., rector of Grundisburgh, 10 ; Isaac Dalton, 20; Marmaduke Darcy, esq., 40; Richard Darley, esq., of Abdy, 20; James Davie, rector of Watlington, Norfolk, 5. 7s. Gd. ; John Davies, 10 ; Mutton Davies, esq., 10 ; William Davies, M.A., 20; John Delahay, M.A., 20; Simon Delboe, M.A., 10; sir Thomas Delves, bart., 50; Peter Dent, M.B., 10 ; Henry Dickinson, LL.B., 5. 7s. Bd. ; John Dickinson, 40 ; Thomas Docwray, 100 ; Henry Dove, D.D., 40 ; sir George Downing, bart., 100 ; Oliver Doiley, LL.D., fellow of King's college, 20 ; Mr. Drake, steward of the college courts, 28 ; Jonathan Dryden, M.A., 20 ; James Duport, D.D., dean of Peterborough, 200 ; Eachard (father of Dr. Eachard, master of Catherine hall,) 10 ; sir Richard Edgecumbe, K.B., 40 ; Henry Edmonds, esq., of Wortsburgh, Yorkshire, 10. 15s.; Alexander Ekius, M.A., rector of Orling- bury, Northamptonshire, 10 ; John Ekins, M.A., 30 ; John Ellys, M.A., fellow of Caius college, 10 ; Jeremy Elwes, esq., 20; sir James Etheridge, 5. 7s. &d. ; Laurence Eusden, M.A., 45; George Evans, D.D., canon of Windsor, 10; sir Thomas Exton, 21. 10s. ; Mr. Eyton, fellow commoner, 10 ; Mr. Fage, 10. 15s.; Thomas Firmin, mercer, 20; Basil Firebrace, merchant, 46. 4s. ; Henry Firebrace, D.D., 20 ; sir Richard Fisher of Hammersmith, 53. 15s.; Mr. Forrest, 50; Francis Fox, M.A., 20 ; Charles Fraiser, M.D., 25 ; Thomas Gale, D.D., dean of York, 60 ; Thomas Garford, 5. 7s. Gd. ; Joseph Gascoigne, D.D., 40 ; Mr. Gerard, 5 ; Thomas Gipps, M.A., 60 ; Christopher Glasscock of Felstead, 5. 7s. Gd. ; John Glover, D.D., fellow of Peterhouse, 10 ; George Goodman, M.A. ? TRINITY COLLEGE. 269 20 ; John Goodwin, M.A., 25 ; William Greaves, alderman of Nottingham, 10 ; Anthony Grey, earl of Kent, 100 ; Reginald Greyham, esq., 5 ; John Gostling, M.D., fellow of Caius college, 31. 10s.; William Gostwyke, M.A., 20; John Greenell, M.A., 5 ; Abraham Gregory, D.D., canon of Gloucester, 5 ; Henry Greswould, M.A., 20 ; Richard Gulston, esq., 50 ; Peter Gunning, bishop of Ely, 50 ; William Hale, esq., 50 ; John Harris of Badford, Devon, 10 ; John Harrison, D.D., 70 ; John Hawkins, B.D., 70 ; John Hawkins, (steward to sir John Barring- ton,) 2; William Hawkins, D.D., canon of Winchester, 10; Mr. Herveinge, 5 ; sir John Hewley, bart., 50 ; Tobias Hewytt, B.A., 5 ; sir Robert Hildyard, 50 ; Robert Hitch, D.D., dean of York, 100 ; William Holder, D.D., 20 ; John Holland, M.A., minister of Guildford, 40; sir John Holman, 50; JohnHowarth, M.A., 20 ; captain Hunt, 20 ; sir Edward Hussey, bart., 40 ; John Hussey of Oakhampton, 5 ; Henry James, D.D., 5. 7s. Gd. ; Edmund Jefferies, 5. 7s. 6d. ; William Jennings, 5 ; John Jones, D.D., dean of Bangor, 20 ; Richard Kelham, B.A., 5; John Kendall, esq., 10; Gregory Kent, 10; Key and Maulden, glaziers, 5 ; sir John Knatchbull, bart., 40 ; Matthew Kirby, D.D., fellow of King's college, 10; Thomas Kirby of London, 10 ; John Knight, esq., 5 ; Mr. Knipe, 10; a lady (by Dr. Barrow,) 21. 10s.; John Lake, bishop of Chichester, 75 ; Richard Lakeland, B.A., 6 ; Henry Lane, M.A., 20; Mr. Langston, fellow commoner, 10; William Leake, barrister, 40 ; Gervase Lee, M.A., 10 ; William Lewis, LL.D., fellow of Jesus college, 10 ; James Linfeild, M.A., 20 ; Thomas Lynford, D.D., fellow of Christ's college, 5. 7s. Gd. ; John Lister, esq., of Linton, Yorkshire, 50 ; William Lynnett, D.D., 128 ; James Manfield, M.A., 20 ; John Manners, earl (afterwards duke) of Rutland, 50 ; John Mapletoft, M.D., 20 ; Hugh Mapletoft, M.A., 10; Sir Robert Markham, 10; Anthony Marshall, D.D., rector of Bottesford, 150 ; Marshall, barber to the college, 5 ; Thomas Maulyverer, M.A., 10; William Mayer, M.A., 40; Richard Meggott, D.D., canon of Windsor, 10; sir William Meredith, bart., 20; John Middleton of Stradishall, Suffolk, l ; sir Thomas Middleton, 20; Edmund Miller, alderman of Cambridge, 5. 7s. Gd. ; Philip Milward, esq., 50; Richard Milward, D.D., canon of Windsor, 20 ; George 270 TRINITY COLLEGE. Modd, M.A., 20 ; Christopher Monk, duke of Albemarle, 100 ; Charles Montagu, earl (afterwards duke) of Manchester, 50; hori. Charles Montagu, M.A., chancellor of the diocese of Dur- ham, 50 ; hon. Charles Montagu (afterwards earl of Halifax) 15 ; Edward Montagu, second earl of Sandwich, 100 ; Edward Montagu, viscount Hinchinbrooke (afterwards third earl of Sandwich) 50 ; hon. John Montagu, D.D., master, 228 hon. Richard Montagu, 50 ; hon. Sidney Wortley Montagu, 50 ; sir William Montagu, lord chief baron of the exchequer, 10. 15s. ; Charles Mordaunt, lord Mordaunt, afterwards earl of Peterborough, 26. 15s. ; Charles Morden, 20; John Morden, 10; Richard Moore, esq., of Lindley, Salop, 5; Henry More, D.D., fellow of Christ's college, 20; Robert Moyle, B.D., 40; Moyle (father of Robert Moyle, B.D.) 60 ; Thomas Murgatroyd, M.A., 10 ; hon. Byron Needham, M.A., 50; Samuel Needham, M.A., 10; Walter Needham, M.D., 20 ; Robert Nalson, esq., 10 ; Clement Neville, M.A., 150 ; Mr. Newman, student, 10 ; Isaac Newton, M.A., 40 ; John Newton, esq., 10 ; Samuel Newton, alderman of Cam- bridge and registrar of the college, 30 ; Thomas Nixon, D.D., 20 ; Baptist Noel, viscount Campden, 50 ; sir Francis North, lord chief-justice, 20 ; sir Henry North, bart., 5 ; hon. John North, D.D., master, 100. 10s. ; hon. Roger North, 5; Richard Nurse, M.A., 20; Gabriel Offley, D.D., 20; Barnabas Oley, archdeacon of Ely, 5 ; Henry Oscland, M.A., 5 ; Adam Ottley, D.D., (afterwards bishop of S. David's) 20 ; sir John Otway, 100; William Owtram, D.D., 10; sir James Oxenden, bart., 50; John Packer, 10; Philip Packer, esq., 10; Edward Paget, M.A., 12. 10s.; Justinian Paget, esq., 5. 7s. 6f?.; Edward Palmer, esq., M.A., 50; John Palmer, M.A., 20; John Palmer, archdeacon of Northampton, 10 ; Thomas Palmer, M.A., 16. 16s. ; Henry Paman, LL.D., 5. 7s. Qd. ; George Parish, D.D., 100 ; Henry Parker (secretary to the bishop of London) 10 ; Thomas Pawlett, M.A., 30 ; Michael Payne, M.A., 20 ; Stephen Paynter, M.A., petty canon of Nor- wich, 5 ; John Pearson, bishop of Chester, sometime master, 228 ; Edward Polling, D.D., 50 ; William Pennynge, M.A., 10 ; Roger Pepys, esq., of Inipington, 20 ; William Perry, M.A., 20; Valentine Petit, M.A., 30; Edward Pickering, TRINITY COLLEGE. 271 csq., of Swavesey, 40 ; Mr. Plummer, fellow commoner, 5 ; Arthur Pomeroy, D.D., dean of Cork, 70 ; Daniel Price, M.A., 10 ; Thomas Price, of London, goldsmith, 25 ; sir Henry Newton Puckering, 21. 10s.; Benjamin Pulleyn, B.D., 40; Eobert Pulleyn, 10 ; John Pyke, M.A., 10 ; John Kant, esq., of Cambridge, barrister, 5. 7s. 6d. ; Nathaniel Kashleigh, M.A., 25; John Kay, M.A., 10; Kiehard Kay, M.A., 10. 15s.; sir Charles Croft Kead, 21. 10s.; sir Kobert Keve, of Thwaite, Suffolk, 20 ; captain Kobert Reynolds of Bury, 6. 9s. ; Osmund Rhodes, M.A., vicar of Bcdingfield, 10 ; Paul Kicaut, 5 ; sir William Rich, 10 ; Purbeck Richardson, M.A., 10 ; William Robson, M.A., 50 ; Thomas Rogers, D.D., prebendary of Hereford, 20 ; Jonathan Rose, vicar of Sedbergh, 5. 7s. 6d. Thomas Rotheram, M.A., 20 ; William Russell, earl (after- wards duke) of Bedford, 100 ; William Russell, lord Russell, 50 ; Peter Samways, D.D., 40 ; William Sancroft, archbishop of Canterbury, 100; Samuel Sanders of Ireton, Derbyshire, 5 ; Mr. Scabler, 50 ; Anthony Scattergood, D.D., 50 ; John Scattergood, M.A., 5 ; Samuel Scattergood, M.A., 20 ; sir Thomas Sclater, bart, 28 ; Robert Scott, B.D., 50 ; Matthew Scrivener, vicar of Haslingfield, 10. 7s. Qd. ; Obadiah Sedg- wich, rector of Rarnpton, 30 ; Mrs. Sedgwick, 10 ; George Seignior, D.D., 40 ; George Settwell, 10; Charles Seymour, duke of Somerset, 500 ; sir John Shaw, 30 ; Charles Shaw, M.A., 5; William Sherman, M.A., 10; Richard Sheldrake, B.D., of Corpus Christi college, 5. 7s. 6d. ; John Sherret, M.A., 20; William Sill, M.A., 20; Daniel Skinner, M.A., 20 Stephen Skinner, M.A., 20; sir Philip Skipton, 10; lady Shipwith, 10; Joseph Smart of London, 5; Jonathan Smith, M.A., 25 ; John Snow, rector of Diddinghurst, Essex, 5 ; Nicholas Spencer, B.D., 30 ; William Spencer, D.D., 10 ; John Stagg, M.A., 21. 10s.; Ralph Staunton, M.A, 20; Richard Stcdman, B.D., 60 ; Richard Sterne, archbishop of York, 100; Christopher Stone, D.D., of York, 30; John Stones, rector of Barnadiston, Suffolk, 5 ; Mr. Stonestreet of London, 21. 10s.; William Stonestreet, M.A., 20 ; William Strawson, minister of Stickney, Lincolnshire, 5 ; Thomas Street, M.A., 30; Henry Stubbe of Chedle, 10; Josiah Stubbe, M.A., 10; Edmund Stubbe, M.A., 10; Wolfran 272 TRINITY COLLEGE. Stubbe, D.D., 100; Mr. Suckling, 20; sir John Sudbury, bart, 20; Mr. Symson, 21. 10s.; John Taylor, schoolmaster of Stafford, 10 ; John Templer, D.D., 40 ; William Thursby, esq., of the Temple, 50; Sigismund Trafford, esq., 21. 10s.; Bernard Turner, 10 ; Francis Turner, I>.D., afterwards bishop of Ely, 20 ; John Turner of Lynn Kegis, merchant, 25 ; Mr. Turner, vicar of Blythe, 5 ; Robert Uvedale, D.D., 50 ; Nathaniel Vincent, D.D., fellow of Clare hall, 5 ; Nathaniel Viner, M.A., 20; William Walker, B.D., rector of Colsterworth, 20; Eobert Walpole, esq., 30; Thomas Watson, D.D., afterwards bishop of S. David's, 20 ; Benjamin Watts, 10 ; lady Wendy, 20 ; Leonard Welsted, M.A., 10 ; Robert West, M.A., 50; Willoughby West, 10; Joseph Weld, M.A., 10; Thomas Weld, M.A., 10. 15s. ; Benjamin Whichcot, D.D., sometime provost of King's college, 10 ; sir Paul Whichcot, 5. 7s. %d. ; John Wickins, M.A., 30 ; lady Williamson, 40 ; Mr. Willoughby, 20; Richard Winde of S. Ives, sometime fellow of Queens' college, 10 ; sir George Wineve, 5 ; Catharine Winstanley, 5 ; Joseph Withers, M.A., 15 ; sir Francis Withins, justice of the king's bench, 5. 7s. 6d. ; William Wollaston, esq., of Strenton, Leicestershire, 30; sir Philip Woodhouse, bart., 10 ; lady Wright of Dagenham, Essex, 10 ; Roger Wye, M.A., 10; Christopher Wyvill, D.D., 22. 10s.; John Yardley, M.D., 10; Benjamin Young, M.A., 15. Francis Crane, esq., of Stoke park in Northampton- shire, in 1678 gave the advowson of the rectory of Loughton in Buckinghamshire ; Thomas Docwra, in 1678 left 100 to augment the scholarship founded by Frances Jermyn ; George Chamberlaine, D.D., vice- master, in 1681 gave the advowson of the rectory of Dickleburgh in Norfolk, with a preference to the vice- master for the time being; William Lewis, D.D., rector of Allhallows by the wall, London, by will in 1681 gave money to buy lands for the exhibition of four students ; sir Thomas Sclater, bart., sometime fellow, CI= TRINITY COLLEGE. 273 defrayed the cost of erecting part of Neville's court, and was a considerable benefactor to the library; Humphrey Babington, D.D., senior fellow and rector of Boothby Pagnell, defrayed the cost of erecting a part of Neville's court, and bequeathed to the library a collection of ancient coins, astronomical, mathe- matical, and musical instruments and musical books ; the rev. William Perry, M.A., F.R.S., sometime fellow, in 1696 left 1200 for exhibitions for students from S. Paul's school and other uses ; Peter Samways, D.D., sometime fellow, about 1691 left an estate at Mid- dleton in Yorkshire for various charitable purposes, including the college library and the purchase of books for scholars from Westminster school ; William Lynnett, D.D., senior fellow, in 1699 bequeathed leasehold estates in Cambridge, and gave a good collection of books to the library ; sir Henry Newton Puckering, gave a considerable sum for the use of the library, to which he presented a large col- lection of books of great value ; William Corker, M.A., senior fellow, in 1702 bequeathed 700 to the chapel and library ; John Montagu, D.D., dean of Durham, sometime master, in 1702 gave 170 to purchase furniture for the master's lodge ; Richard Bentley, D.D., master, in 1707 contributed 200 to- wards repairing and beautifying the chapel, (a) he also (a) The other contributors were : William Andrew 20 ; Ward Grey Ashenhurst 25 ; William Ayloffe, LL.D., 30 ; Montagu Bacon 30 ; John Baker 25 ; James Bankes 20 ; John Barwell '25 ; Matthew Barwell 20; Edward Bathurst 40; Thomas Blomer 25; Philip Bouquet, B.D., 18; John Bowes, D.D., 10. 10s.; James Brabourn, B.D., 20; Laurence Brodrick 20 ; Alexander Burrell 30 ; Henry Campion, esq., of Kent, 50 ; Mordecai Gary (afterwards bishop of Killala) 5 ; William Chamber- layne 30; Nicholas Clagett (afterwards bishop of Exeter) 25; John VOL. II. T 274 TRINITY COLLEGE. in his lifetime gave to the library a collection of curious books relating to medicine, and by his will left thereto all his greek MSS. brought from mount Athos, and five pictures to be placed in the master's lodge ; John Laughton, prebendary of Lich- field and Worcester, sometime chaplain, in 1712 left a good collection of books to the library; Thomas Smith, D.D., vicemaster, in 1713 left 15 per annum for exhibitions, also nearly five hundred volumes to the library; Edward Rud, D.D., sometime fellow, in 1727 left his books to the library; John Paris, D.D., senior fellow, in 1742 left all his printed books to the library, and 100 for an annual prize for a Colbatch, D.D., 30; Henry Colman, B.D., 50; John Cooper, B.D., 20; Anthony Corbiere 30; Roger Cotes, 25; Ralph W. Cradock 10. 10s.; John Craister 25; Stephen Cressar, B.D., 30; Samuel D'Oyly 25; William Drury 20 ; Henry Eden 30 ; sir John Ellys, M.D., master of Caius College, 10; Laurence Eusden 10; John Felton 25; Bradgate Ferrand 5; Henry Firebrace, D.D., 50 ; Abraham Francke 30; Marshall Greawold 70; Phillips Gretton 26. 5s. ; John Hacket 50; Nathaniel Hanbury, B.D., 20; Henry Hawes 10; William Herring of Cambridge, draper, 10; John Heylyn 5; Thomas Hill 25; Daniel Hopkins, D.D., rector of Fakenham, 20 ; Christopher Hussey 25 ; Michael Hutchinson, D.D., 30 ; Henry James, D.D., president of Queens' college, 20 ; George Jeffreys 25; Paul Jenkinson 10; James Jurin 25; hon. William Kingston 100; Samuel Knight 25; John Laughton 50; Montagu Lloyd 32; Robert Lumley 20; Gilbert Malkin 25; James Mailed 20; William Mayer 50; T. Micklethwaite 5. 5s.; Conyers Middleton 25; Edmund Miller 60; George Modd 40; John Paris 25; Robert Parran 25; Thomas Pilgrim 25; John Reddington 25; Edward Rud 25; Thomas Rud 5; Henry Sike, LL.D., 30; Edward Smith 21; William Smyth 25; Vyner Snell 30; William Sotheron 10. 10s.; Richard Stokes 20; Edmund Stubbe 30; Wolfran Stubbe, D.D., vicemaster, 100 ; George Toilet 25 ; John Towersey 25 ; hon. Thomas Trevor 50 ; James Uvedale 25; Robert Uvedale25; John Vallavine 10; William Wade 25; Peter Wagener, rector of Stistead, Essex, 5. 5s.; Richard Walker 25; Ralph Welstead 20; Samuel White 25; John Whitfield 20; Griffith Williams 20; John Williams 25; John Wyvill 25; John Yardley 10. The total cost of the works at the chapel exceeded 6000. The subscriptions amounted to 2674. 5s. TRINITY COLLEGE. 275 latin declamation; Porter Thompson, esq., M.A., gave in his lifetime above five hundred volumes to the library; Roger Gale, esq., M.A., sometime fellow, gave to the library a valuable collection of MSS. formed by him and his father Dr. Thomas Gale, dean of York, who was also a fellow of the college ; Beaupre Bell, esq., M.A., of Beaupre hall in Norfolk, in 1745 left a choice collection of books and medals and 100 guineas to the library, with other marks of his affection to the society; John Colbatch, D.D., senior fellow and professor of moral philosophy, in 1749 left his books to the library; sir John Cotton of Stratton, bart., in 1756 gave a collection of roman monuments brought from the Picts' wall by his an- cestor sir Robert Cotton ; Francis Hooper, D.D., senior fellow, left in 1763 an estate at Barrington to found three annual prizes for english declamations, also 1000 to rebuild or alter the combination room and 180 for plate; Richard Walker, D.D., vicemaster, in 1764 left 10 per annum for one or more poor scholars, and a farm at Swavesey subject to the payment of 50 a year to the Botanic garden, he also gave many books to the library ; Robert Smith, D.D., master, in 1768 gave 2000 stock to be applied by the master and seniors to public uses, also his books to the library, and busts and pictures to the master's lodge ; Walter Titley, esq., sometime senior fellow, and for more than thirty years envoy extraordinary to the court of Denmark, left by will in 1768 1000; Henry Davis, D.D., senior fellow, in 1770 left 200 for augmenting one of the small college livings ; John Porter, formerly butler of the college, left T'2 276 TRINITY COLLEGE. 300; Edward Capel, esq., in 1779 gave to the library a valuable collection of books principally relating to Shakspere and his times ; William Greaves, esq., M.A., commissary of the university and many years auditor of the college, gave in his lifetime 100 guineas, and by will left 100 the interest to be applied as a prize for the best english dissertation on the character and memory of king William III. ; John Hinchliffe, bishop of Peter- borough, master, gave the picture over the altar in the chapel, and by will bequeathed numerous books to the library; Moore Meredith, B.D., vicemaster, in 1789 left 2000 stock for improving and embellishing the college; James Backhouse, B.D., senior fellow, by will in 1790 left 200 to augment the vicarage of Withybroke; John Montagu, earl of Sandwich, gave a collection of curiosities brought from the South sea islands by captain Cook; Thomas Post- lethwaite, D.D., master, in 1798 bequeathed 2000 stock; the rev. John Pigott, M.A., sometime fellow, gave in his lifetime in 1811 12,000 for augmenting the poorer vicarages in the gift of the society, to which he left by will the advowson of the rec- tory of Gilling idi the north riding of Yorkshire ; the rev. Peter Paul Dobree, M.A., fellow, Regius professor of greek, in 1825 bequeathed one thousand volumes to be selected by the college out of his very valuable library; the rev. Robert Hole, M.A., senior fellow, left in 1825 a cabinet of choice books to the number of five hundred volumes ; the rev. Robert Wilson Evans, M.A., fellow, in 1825 gave above five hundred volumes to the library ; Edward TRINITY COLLEGE. 277 Hellish, M.A., dean of Hereford, left 200 in 1830 ; the rev. Edward Yeats, M.A., sometime fellow, in 1830 bequeathed 5000 for the augmentation of the vicarages of Kendal, Kirby Lonsdale, and Sedbergh, and 500 for the foundation of two annual prizes of 10 each ; Jonathan Raine, esq., M.A., sometime fellow, left in 1831 a valuable collection of early edi- tions of the classics principally collected by his brother Matthew Raine, D.D., master of Charterhouse and also a fellow of the college; Daniel Pettiward, M.A., rector of Onehouse in Suffolk, left to the library all his books, prints, pictures, and works of art, as also 100 to purchase books; Christopher Words- worth, D.D., master, gave in his lifetime 500 in augmentation of the Pigott fund, and to his zealous exertions, seconded by a corresponding liberality in many friends of the college, (a) the society are mainly (a) The principal contributors were: king George IV. 1000; H.R.H. Augustus Frederick, duke of Sussex, 52. 10s. ; H.R.H. William Frederick, duke of Gloucester, chancellor of the university, 100; Christopher Wordsworth, D.D., master, 210; Montagu Farrer Ainslie 105; Gerrard Andrewes, D.D., dean of Canterbury, 52. 10s. ; William John Bankes, esq., M.P., 105; Henry Vincent Bayley, archdeacon of Stow, 52. 10s. ; right hon. John Beckett 52. 10s.; John Bell, esq., of Lincoln's inn, 52. 10s.; James Blackburn, vicar of Gainford, 100; sir Francis Lynch Blosse, bart., 100; Charles James Blomfield, D.D., (afterwards bishop of London), 52. 10s.; rev. Charles Ffrench Bromhead 31. 10s.; rev. John Brown 105 ; rev. George Adam Browne 52. 10s. ; Charles Harcourt Chambers 31. 10s.; rev. William Clark, professor of anatomy, 31. 10s. 5 rev. Henry Coddington 31. 10s.; sir John Singleton Copley (now lord Lyndhurst) 52. 10s. ; John Cust, earl Brownlow, 50; rev. Peter Debary, 105; Henry Venn Elliott 31. 10s.; rev. Edward Bishop Elliott, 31. 10s.; rev. Robert Wilson Evans 52. 10s. ; Henry Petty Fitz-Maurice, marquess of Lansdowne, 100; George Henry Fitzroy, duke of Grafton, 100; William Albin Garratt 100 ; Thomas Gilbank, B.D., rector of Dickleburgh, Norfolk, 100; right hon. Henry Goulburn 52. 10s. ; sir Robert Graham, baron of the exchequer, 52. I Os. ; rev. Robert Hodgson Greenwood 278 TRINITY COLLEGE. indebted for the erection of the third court, and also for the institution of the vicarage and Domus fund connected therewith; Francis Wrangham, M.A., archdeacon of the east riding of Yorkshire, gave to the library in 1842 a collection of pamphlets bound in one thousand volumes, also 100 to found an annual prize; John Robert Brodrick, M.A., some- 52. 10s.; John Hailstone, vicar of Trumpington, 52. 10s.; Julius Charles Hare 31. 10s.; Jonathan Hatfield 50; rev. Henry Horace Hayes of Swainswick 50; Frederick William Hervey, lord Hervey, (now marquess of Bristol) 105; rev. John Phillips Higman 52. 10s.; rev. Robert Hole 52. 10s. ; John Hudson, vicar of Kendal, 50 ; rev. James Devereux Hustler 52. 10s. ; Abraham Jobson, D.D., vicar of Wisbech S. Peter, 100; rev. William George Judgson 52. 10s.; rev. William Lax, Lown- dean professor, 50; William Lowther, earl of Lonsdale, 100; William Lowther, viscount Lowther, (now earl of Lonsdale) 50 ; rev. George Macfarlan 31. 10s.; Spencer Madan, D.D., canon of Peterborough, 50; Benjamin Heath Malkin, LL.D., 52. 10s.; John Henry Manners, duke of Rutland, 100; James Henry Monk, D.D., (afterwards bishop of Gloucester and Bristol) 52. 10s. ; rev. Thomas Musgrave (afterwards archbishop of York) 42; Charles Norris, canon of Canterbury, 100; Henry Handley Norris, prebendary of Llandaff, 50 ; rev. George Peacock 52. 10s. ; Charles George Perceval, lord Arden, 100; Thomas Pell Platt 52. 10s.; Robert Beresford Podmore, vicar of Monks Kirby, Warwickshire, 100; Frederick Pollock (now chief baron of the exchequer) 52. 10s.; John Jeffries Pratt, marquess Camden, 100; rev. Matthew Morris Preston of Walthamstow 50; Jonathan Raine 52. 10s.; rev. John Henry Renouard, vicemaster, 105; rev. John Rippon 52. 10s.; rev. Joseph Romilly 31. 10s.; Richard Sheepshanks 105; William Smith, esq., 52. 10s. ; Charles John Spencer, earl Spencer, 100; rev. Richard Sykes of West Ella- hall 50; John Taylor, esq., of Spring grove, Bewdley, 50; Henry John Temple, viscount Palmerston, M.P., 105; Giles Templeman, esq., of the Temple, London, 30; Connop Thirlwall (now bishop of S. David's) 31. 10s. ; Thomas Thorp 31. 10s.; Nicholas Conyingham Tindal (after- wards chief-justice of the common pleas) 52. 10s.; Edward Tumor, esq., of Stoke Rochford, 52. 10s.; George Waddington, vicar of Tuxford, 100; William Sidney Walker 31. 10s.; Jonathan Walton, B.D., rector of Birdbrook, Essex, 52. 10s.; Joshua Watson, esq., of Clapton, 50; rev. George Edis Webster 31. 10s. ; rev. William Whewell (now master) 52. 10s.; sir Robert Wigram, bark, 52. 10s.; John Wingfield, D.D., canon of Worcester, 50; rev. Edward Yeats 100. TRINITY COLLEGE. 279 time scholar, gave in his lifetime (1843) 1000 stock for augmenting the small livings in the patronage of the college ; Robert Beresford Pod.rn.ore, M.A., vicar of Monk's Kirby, in 1842 bequeathed 1000 to found an exhibition ; the rev. Peter Leigh, M.A., in 1848 gave 515 stock to augment the Wrangham prize; the rev. Francis Martin, M.A., senior bursar, in 1850 gave land at Barrington for the endowment of a scholarship ; the rev. John Brown, M.A., vice- master, in 1850 bequeathed 1000 with which an additional scholarship has been established; the friends of William Dealtry, D.D., archdeacon of Winchester, sometime fellow, in 1850 founded two annual prizes of 15 guineas each; Mrs. Whewell gave during her lifetime 500 for founding a scholarship, and left such directions in her will as shewed her deep interest in the most important objects of the society; Julius Charles Hare, arch- deacon of Chichester, sometime fellow, in 1855, bequeathed a large collection of valuable books to the library. EMINENT MEN. Paul Fagius, hebrew reader to the university, a famous rabbinical scholar, died 1549. Martin Bucer, D.D., Regius professor of hebrew, a divine of great erudition, died 1550-1. John Red- man, D.D., master, Margaret professor of divinity and archdeacon of Taunton, a celebrated divine, died 1551. James Haddon, fellow, dean of Exeter, 1552. Thomas Sedgwick, D.D., fellow, Regius pro- fessor of divinity, 1557. William Glynn, fellow, bishop of Bangor, died 1558. John Christopherson, master, bishop of Chichester, died 1558. Edmund 280 TEINITY COLLEGE. Cosyn, fellow, master of Catharine hall, 1553-8. Thomas Redman, fellow, master of Jesus college, 1558. William Bill, D.D., master, dean of West- minster and provost of Eton college, died 1561. Robert Beaumont, D.D., master, Margaret professor of divinity and archdeacon of Huntingdon, died 1567. Nicholas Carr, M.D., fellow, Regius professor of greek, died 1568. Edward Godsalve, fellow, professor of divinity at Antwerp, flourished 1568. Martin Parkinson, fellow, archdeacon of the east riding of York, died 1569. Francis Newton, D.D., fellow, dean of Winchester, died 1572. Thomas Wakefield, fellow, Regius professor of hebrew, died 1575. Thomas Aldrich, fellow, master of Corpus Christi college, died 1576-7. George Gascoigne, poet, died 1577. Nicholas Wendon, LL.D., arch- deacon of Suffolk, flourished 1577. Thomas Ashton, fellow, head master of Shrewsbury school, died 1578. Thomas Tusser, author of Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry, died 1580. Stephen Nevynson, LL.D., fellow, chancellor of the dioceses of Canterbury and Norwich, died 1580. John Young, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of divinity and master of Pembroke hall, died 1580. John Barret, M.D., fellow, author of an Alvearie or Quadruple Dictionarie, died about 1580. John Rugg, archdeacon of Wells, died 1581-2. Nicholas Abithel, D.D., professor of divinity at Douay, died about 1586. Nicholas Morton, D.D., fellow, a noted roman catholic emissary, flourished 1586. Robert Jacob, M.D., fellow, physician to the court of Russia, flourished 1586. Henry Berkeley, LL.D., master in chancery, died 1587. Nicholas TKINITY COLLEGE. 281 Shepperd, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Northampton and master of S. John's college, died 1587. Luke Gilpin, fellow, archdeacon of Derby, died 1587. John Studley, fellow, translator of Seneca's trage- dies, died about 1587. Thomas Penny, M.D., fellow, botanist and entomologist, died 1589. Anthony Wingfield, fellow, public orator, 1581-9. Sir Roger Townshend, naval commander, died 1590. Thomas Hood, M.D., fellow, mathematician, flourished 1590. John Copeot, D.D., fellow, master of Corpus Christi college, died 1590. John Stubbe, a noted political character, died about 1591. Giles Wigginton, fellow, a leading puritan, flourished 1591. Henry Wilkin- son, fellow, head master of Merchant Taylors' school, 1586-92. John Udall, a celebrated puritan, author of works on hebrew literature and theo- logy, died 1592. John Sadler, fellow, translator of Vegetius, died about 1595. Thomas Bedwell, fellow, mathematican and military engineer, died 1595. Bartholomew Dodington, fellow, Regius professor of greek, died 1595. William Whita- ker, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of divinity and master of S. John's college, a theologian of great repute, died 1595. Richard Fletcher, bishop of Lon- don, died 1596. Robert Ramsden, D.D., fellow, arch- deacon of the west riding of York, died 1596. Charles Home, latin poet, flourished 1596. Richard Cosin, LL.D., fellow, dean of the arches, died 1597. James Rowland, archdeacon of Northampton, died 1597-8. Edmund Hound, D.D., master of Catharine hall, died 1598. Peter Baro, D.D., Margaret professor of divinity, died 1599. 282 TRINITY COLLEGE. John James, M.D., fellow, physician to the royal household, died 1600-1. Robert Devereux, earl of Essex, E.G., executed 1600-1. Anthony Bacon, an elegant scholar, died 1601. Thomas Smith, registrary of the universary 1591-1601. William Redman, fellow, bishop of Gloucester, died 1602. John Sanderson, D.D., fellow, canon of Cambray, author of Institutiones Dialecticse, died 1602. George Boleyn, D.D., dean of Lichfield, died 1602-3. Sir John Rogers, LL.D., fellow, ambassador to Flanders, flourished 1603. Sir John Townshend, naval commander, died 1603. Thomas Cartwright, fellow, an able theological writer and the leader of the puritans, died 1603. John Whitgift, master, archbishop of Canterbury, died 1603-4. Godfrey Goldsborough, fellow, bishop of Gloucester, died 1604. Hugh Gray, D.D., fellow, divinity professor at Gresham college, died 1604. Adam Loftus, archbishop of Dublin and lord chan- cellor of Ireland, died 1605. Edward Lively, fellow, Regius professor of hebrew, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1605. George Clifford, earl of Cumberland, famed for naval enterprise, died 1605. Thomas Muffet, M.D., entomologist, died about 1605. Matthew Hutton, fellow, archbishop of York, died 1605-6. Walter Hawkesworth, fellow, latin dramatist, died 1606. Richard Reynolds, M.D., author of a treatise on rhetoric and other works, died 1606. William Dakins, fellow, professor of divinity at Gres- ham college, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1606-7. Thomas Legge, LL.D., fellow, master of Caius college, latin dramatist, died 1607. Thomas Patenson, archdeacon of Chichester, died 1607. John TRINITY COLLEGE. 283 Still, master, bishop of Bath and Wells, died 1607-8. John Sterne, suffragan bishop of Colchester, died 1607-8. Sir Edward Stanhope, LL.D., fellow, chan- cellor of the diocese of London, died 1607-8. John Dee, LL.D., fellow, mathematician and alchemist, died 1608. Richard Bird, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Cleveland, died 1609. Sir Ambrose Forth, LL.D., master in chancery and judge of the prerogative in Ireland, died 1609-10. (o) Gervase Babington, fellow, bishop of Worcester, died 1610. William Farrand, LL.D., fellow, master in chancery, died about 1610. Sir Vincent Skinner, fellow, one of the secretaries to the great lord Burghley, died about 1611. Jeremy Radcliffe, D.D., fellow, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1612. Sir Michael Hicks, fellow, one of lord Burghley's secretaries, died 1612. Sir John Gibson, LL.D., fellow, judge of the prerogative court, died 1612-13. Anthony Rudd, fellow, bishop of S. David's, died 1614-5. Timothy Bright, M.D., medical writer and inventor of short-hand, died 1615. Andrew Oxenbridge, fellow, public orator, died 1615. Thomas Neville, D.D., master, dean of Canterbury, died 1615. Thomas Tomkis, fellow, dramatist, flourished 1615. Luke Chaloner, D.D., fellow, pro- fessor of divinity at Dublin, died 1615. Philip Stubbe, author of the Anatomy of Abuses and other works, died about 1616. Peter Muffet, fellow, rector of Fobbing, Essex, author of scriptural commentaries, died 1617. John Hammond, M.D., fellow, physician to James I., flourished 1617. Robert Bennet, fellow, (a) Notices of the foregoing will be found in A thence Cantabrigienses, vols. I. and II. 284 TKINITY COLLEGE. bishop of Hereford, died 1617. Robert Tighe, D.D., archdeacon of Middlesex, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1617. John Layfield, D.D., fellow, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1617. John Hunt, LL.D., fellow, master in chancery, 1592-1617. Anthony Maxey, D.D., dean of Windsor, died 1618. Sir Matthew Carew, LL.D., archdeacon of Norfolk and master in chancery, died 1618. Ralph Tunstal, fellow, archdeacon of Northumberland, died 1618-9. Charles Fotherby, D.D., fellow, dean of Canterbury, died 1619. John Overall, fellow, bishop of Norwich, died 1619. Martin Fotherby, fellow, bishop of Salis- bury, died 1619-20. Robert Scott, D.D., fellow, dean of Rochester and master of Clare hall, died 1620. John Stanhope, lord Stanhope, died 1620. Richard Carew, the historian of Cornwall, died 1620. George Ruggle, latin dramatist, died 1621. Cuthbert Norris, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Sudbury, died 1621. John Bill, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of S. Alban's, died 1622. Giles Fletcher, fellow, poet, died 1623. Richard Milbourne, bishop of Carlisle, died 1624. Christopher Hampton, fellow, archbishop of Armagh, died 1624-5. Robert Johnson, archdeacon of Leicester, died 1625. Sir William Ingram, LL.D., master in chancery and author of collections relative to the university, died 1625. Edward Zouch, lord Zouch, died 1625. John Richardson, D.D., master, Regius professor of divinity, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1625. Abraham Holland, poet, died 1625-6. Francis Bacon, viscount S. Albans, lord chancellor, one of the greatest of philosophers, died 1626. Richard Senhouse, bishop of Carlisle, died 1626. Henry Holland, author of TRINITY COLLEGE. 285 Heroologia and other works, flourished 1626. Sir John Suckling, comptroller of the royal household, died 1627. Edward Somerset, earl of Worcester, lord privy seal, died 1627-8. John Cotta, M.D., physician at Northampton, author of several curious works, flourished 1628. Edmund Suckling, D.D., dean of Norwich, died 1628. George Villiers, duke of Buckingham, K.G., lord high admiral and chancellor of the university, assassinated 1628. Leonard Mawe, master, bishop of Bath and Wells, died 1629. Thomas Dove, archdeacon of Northampton, died 1629. Mat- thew Sutcliffe, LL.D., fellow, dean of Exeter, an able controversialist, and founder of Chelsea college, died 1629. Baptist Hicks, viscount Campden, died 1629. Sir Eubule Thelwall, master in chancery and principal of Jesus college Oxford, died 1630. Michael Rabbet, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1630. Sir Thomas Lake, secretary of state, died 1630. Thomas Goldfinch, fellow, latin poet, died 1630. Sir Robert Bruce Cotton, antiquary, died 1631. John Donne, D.D., dean of S. Paul's, died 1631. Samuel Brooke, D.D., master, archdeacon of Coventry, died 1631. Thomas Harrison, vicemaster, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1631. William Hinton, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Coventry, died 1631. William Bed- well, fellow, a great arabic scholar and one of the translators of the Bible, died 1632. Francis Aungier, lord Aungier, master of the rolls in Ireland, died 1632. George Herbert, fellow, sacred poet, died 1632-3. Nicholas Steward, LL.D., chancellor of the diocese of Norwich, and M.P. for the university, died 1633. Hugh Holland, poet and traveller, died 1633. 286 TRINITY COLLEGE. Sir Edward Coke, lord chief-justice of the king's bench, died 1634. Thomas Randolph, fellow, poet, died 1634-5. Sir Robert Naunton, secretary of state, author of Fragmenta Regalia, died 1634-5. Walter Travers, fellow, provost of Trinity college, Dublin, died 1636. Philemon Holland, M.D., fellow, famous for his numerous translations, died 1636. John Holies, earl of Clare, died 1637. Sir Henry Calthorpe, recorder of London, author of Law reports, died 1637. John Bowles, fellow, bishop of Salisbury, died 1637. Richard Hunt, D.D., dean of Durham, died 1638. Greorge Horsey, fellow, dean of Ross, died about 1639. William Alabaster, D.D., fellow, hebrew scholar and latin dramatist, died 1640. Sir Henry Spelman, antiquary, died 1641. Sir Robert Chester, author of Love's Martyr and other poems, died 1641. Thomas Vincent, fellow, latin dramatist, flourished 1641. William Warre, D.D., fellow, arch- deacon of Leicester, died 1641. Sir John Suckling, poet, died about 1642. Josias Shute, archdeacon of Colchester, author of numerous sermons, died 1643. Thomas Mallory, D.D., dean of Chester, died 1644. Sir John Burroughs, Garter king at arms, died 1644. Sir John Cooke, secretary of state and M.P. for the university, died 1644. Lord John Stuart, slain at Brandene righting for Charles I., 1645. Lord Ber- nard Stuart, slain at Chester fighting for Charles I., 1645. Francis Meres, rector of Wing in Rutland, collector of Wit's Commonwealth, England's Helicon, &c., died 1646. Thomas Howard, earl of Arundel, the great collector of antiquities and works of art, died 1646. Sir Robert Filmer, political writer, died 1647. TEINITY COLLEGE. 287 Thomas Coleman, rector of S. Peter Cornhill, Hebrew scholar and one of the assembly of divines, died 1 647. Thomas Edwards, author of Gangrsena, died 1647. Robert Sibthorpe, fellow, bishop of Limerick, died 1649. John Craven, lord Craven of Ryton, founder of the classical scholarships at Cambridge and Oxford, died 1650. Edward Simpson, D.D., fellow, rector of Pluckley, Kent, author of various classical and theological works, died 1650. Thomas May, poet and historian of the long parliament, died 1650. Henry Peacham, author of The Complete Gentleman and numerous other works, died 1650. Sir Richard Lane, lord-keeper, died 1650. Sir Richard Weston, baron of the exchequer, died 1650-1. William Beale, D.D., master of S. John's college, died 1651. Sir Thomas Cademan, M.D., physician to queen Henrietta Maria, died 1651. Robert Metcalfe, D.D., fellow, Regius pro- fessor of hebrew, died 1652. Theophilus Buckworth, fellow, bishop of Dromore, died 1652. Sir Francis Nethersole, fellow, diplomatist and sometime public orator, died 1652. Thomas Hill, D.D., master, suc- cessively of Emmanuel and this college, and one of the assembly of divines, died 1652. John Cotton, the pious minister of Boston in New England, and author of numerous theological works, died 1652. Wolfgang Meier, professor of divinity at Basle, died 1653. Thomas Comber, D.D., master, dean of Carlisle, died 1653-4. Abraham Wheelock, professor of arabic and anglo-saxon, died 1654. Anthony Topham, D.D., fellow, dean of Lincoln, died 1655. James Stuart, duke of Lenox and Richmond, K.G., died 1655. Godfrey Goodman, fellow, bishop of Gloucester, died 288 TRINITY COLLEGE. 1655-6. William Nicholls, D.D., dean of Chester, died 1657. Abraham Colfe, vicar of Lewisham and founder of the grammar school there, died 1657. John Hilton, MUS.B., composer of sacred and secular music, died about 1658. John Arrowsmith, D.D., master, successively of S. John's and this college and Regius professor of divinity, died 1658-9. Edward Hyde, D.D., fellow, author of several theological works, died 1659. Edmund Stubbe, D.D., fellow, latin dramatist died 1659. William Fuller, D.D., dean successively of Ely and Durham, died 1659. Hugh Peters, a well known political character, executed 1660. George Fetter, fellow, author of a Commentary on S. Mark and lectures, died about 1660. Philip Tenison, D.D., archdeacon of Norfolk, died 1660-1. William Peterson, D.D., fellow, dean of Exeter, died 1661. Henry Feme, master, bishop of Chester, died 1661-2. John Middleton, archdeacon of Gloucester, died 1661-2. Jerome Weston, earl of Portland, died 1662. Nathanael Eaton, first president of Harvard college, New England, flourished 1662. John Sher- man, D.D., fellow, theologian and oriental scholar, died 1663. John Quarles, archdeacon of North- ampton, died 1664. James Valentine, fellow, Regius professor of greek, died 1664. Lord Lodovick Stuart, cardinal, died 1665. John Carter, D.D., fellow, arch- deacon of Chester, died 1666. Sir Thomas Rawdon, military commander and diplomatist, died 1666. Samuel Winter, D.D., provost of Trinity college, Dublin, died 1666. Arthur Jackson, ejected minister of S. Faith's, London, author of Annotations on the Bible, died 1666. Francis Wilford, D.D., fellow, TK1NITY COLLEGE. 289 dean of Ely and master of Corpus Christ! college, died 1667. Abraham Cowley, fellow, poet, died 1667. Nathaniel Hey wood, ejected vicar of Orms- kirk, Lancashire, died 1667. Sir Edward Walpole, K.B., died 1667-8. David Stokes, canon of Wind- sor, author of Explication of the twelve minor prophets, died 1669. John Hacket, fellow, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, died 1670. Caesar Williamson, D.D., fellow, public orator of the uni- versity of Dublin, died 1670. Samuel Slater, ejected minister of S. Catharine's by the Tower, author of theological and other works, died about 1670. Thomas Bradley, D.D., prebendary of York, author of various sermons, died about 1670. Charles Chauncy, fellow, president of Harvard college, New England, died 1671. Francis Willoughby, a great naturalist, died 1672. John Wilkins, master, bishop of Chester, died 1672. Herbert Thorndike, fellow, canon of Westminster, an able theological writer, died 1672. Robert Creyghton, fellow, bishop of Bath and Wells, died 1672. Thomas Fanshaw, viscount Fanshaw, died 1674. Robert Boreman, D.D., fellow, a pious and learned divine, died 1675. Sir Christopher Turnor, baron of the exchequer, died 1675. Robert King, LL.D., master of Trinity hall, died 1676. John Ogilby, an able and voluminous author, died 1676. Robert Hitch, D.D., fellow, dean of York, died 1676-7. Isaac Barrow, D.D., master, one of the greatest of English divines, died 1677. Martin Clifford, master of Charterhouse, scholar and wit, died 1677. John Gregory, archdeacon of Gloucester, died 1678. VOL. n. u 290 TRINITY COLLEGE. Andrew Marvel, patriot and poet, died 1678. Charles Fraiser, M.D., fellow, physician to Charles II., died about 1678. Robert Creyghton, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of greek, died 1678. George Seignior, D.D., fellow, an able preacher, died 1678. Edward Coleman, secretary to James, duke of York, executed 1678. James Duport, D.D., fellow, dean of Peterborough and master of Mag- dalen college, a great classical scholar, died 1679. William Outram, D.D., archdeacon of Leicester, rabbinical scholar, died 1679. Richard Mil ward, D.D., canon of Windsor, compiler of Selden's Table Talk, died 1680. Nathanael Wanley, vicar of Trinity church, Coventry, author of the Wonders of the Little World and other works, died 1680. William Sill, archdeacon of Colchester, died 1681. Daniel Langhorne, antiquary and historian, died 1681. Sir Thomas Herbert, traveller and his- torian, died 1681-2. Baptist Noel, viscount Camp- den, died 1682. Robert Paston, earl of Yarmouth, died 1682-3. John North, D.D., master, Regius pro- fessor of greek, died 1683. Richard Sterne, archbishop of York, died 1683. William Russell, lord Russell, patriot, executed 1683. Sir Charles Wheeler, fellow, M.P. for the university, died 1683. Francis Meres, archdeacon of Leicester, died 1683. Sir Aston Cockayne, poet, died 1683-4. John Boord, LL.D., Regius professor of civil law, died 1684. Sir Thomas Sclater, fellow, M.P. for the university, died 1684. William Walker, master of Grantham school, a noted writer on latin grammar, died 1684-5. James Fitzroy, duke of Monmouth, sometime chancellor of the TRINITY COLLEGE. 201 university, executed 1685. John Pell, D.D., mathe- matician, died 1685. James Manfield, university librarian, died 1685-6. John Pearson, master, bishop of Chester, died 1686. David Clarkson, author of works in defence of independency, died 1686. John Loosemore, MUS.B., a famous organ builder, died 1686. Benjamin Pulleyn, fellow, Regius professor of greek, 1674-86. Charles Cotton, poet, died 1687. Thomas Jacomb, D.D., ejected minister of S. Martin's Ludgate, author of numerous sermons, died 1687. George Villiers, duke of Buckingham, K.G., sometime chancellor of the university, died 1687. Anthony Scattergood, D.D., rector of Winwick and Yelvertoft, and prebendary of Lincoln and Lichfield, author of scriptural annotations and sermons, died 1 687. Chris- topher Monk, duke of Albermarle, E.G., chancellor of the university, died 1688. Nathaniel Hodges, M.D., an able physician, author of a latin treatise on the plague, died 1688. Peter Dent, M.B., botanist, died 1689. Thomas Mace, author of Musick's Monument, died about 1690. Nathaniel Lee, poet, died 1690. Walter Needham, M.D., physician to Charterhouse, a great anatomist, died 1691. Henry Wells, fellow, divinity professor at Gresham college, 1686-91. James Arderne, dean of Chester, died 1691. Payne Fisher, poet, died 1693. Peter Sam ways, D.D., fellow, rector of Bedale and Wath, an able theologian, died 1693. John Templer, D.D., fellow, rector of Balsham, author of various theological treatises, flourished 1694. Henry Dove, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Richmond, died 1694-5. John Allen, fellow, archdeacon of Chester, died 1695. Michael Payne, fellow, Regius 292 TRINITY COLLEGE. professor of greek, died 1695. Henry Rider, bishop of Killaloe, died 1695-6. William Perry, fellow, professor of music at Gresham college, died 1696. Samuel Scattergood, fellow, vicar of Blockley, Wor- cestershire, author of numerous sermons, died about 1696. Edward Villiers, brigadier-general, died 1697. Sir Thomas Chicheley, master-general of the ordnance, died 1698. Matthew Barker, ejected minister of S. Leonard's Eastcheap, author of a treatise on natural theology and of other works, died 1698. William Lynnett, D.D., fellow, latin poet, died 1699. William Banks, classical scholar, died 1699. Sir Paul Ricaut, traveller, diplomatist, and histo- rian, died 1700. John Ayloffe, poet, flourished 1700. Sir Cresswell Levinz, justice of the common pleas, died 1700-1. Roger Meredith, fellow, master in chancery and professor of law at Gresham college, died 1700-1. John Dryden, poet, died 1701. Sir William Norres, fellow, ambassador to the Great Mogul, died 1702. Thomas Gale, D.D., fellow, dean of York, classical scholar and antiquary, died 1702. Oliver Heywood, author of numerous theological works, died 1702. Anthony Grey, earl of Kent, died 1702. William Richard George Stanley, earl of Derby, died 1702. Sir George Oxenden, LL.D., master of Trinity hall and vicar-general of the pro- vince of Canterbury, died 1702-3. Edward Jones, fellow, bishop of S. Asaph, died 1703. Samuel Pepys, secretary of the admiralty, the famous book collector and diarist, died 1703. Samuel Johnson, noted for his political writings and his sufferings, died 1703. Edward Chamberlaine, LL.D., author of TRINITY COLLEGE. 293 Anglise Notitia and other works, died 1703. Sir Thomas Millington, M.D., president of the college of physicians, died 1703-4. Nicholas Battely, anti- quary, died 1704. John Ray, fellow, the great naturalist, died 1704-5. Sir Bevil Granville, governor of Barbadoes, died 1706. Daniel Price, fellow, dean of S. Asaph, died 1706. Thomas Salmon, author of various works on music, died 1706. John Cutts, lord Cutts, military commander, died 1706-7. Francis Gregory, D.D., rector of Hambledon, Bucks, author of theological and other works, died 1707. Jeremiah White, chaplain to Oliver Cromwell, died 1707. George Stepney, diplomatist and poet, died 1707. Edward Browne, M.D., president of the college of physicians, traveller and classical scholar, died 1708. John Battely, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Canterbury, antiquary, died 1708. Samuel Collins, M.D., fellow, author of a treatise on anatomy, died 1710. Chris- topher Wyvill, D.D., fellow, dean of Ripon, died 1710-11. Richard Duke, fellow, poet, died 1710-11. Charles Wright, D.D., fellow, arabic professor, died 1711. Nicholas Hookes, poet, died 1712. John Laughton, university librarian, died 1712. Henry Sike, LL.D., Regius professor of hebrew, died 1712. Samuel Cobb, master of Christ's hospital, poet, died 1713. Edward Wetenhall, bishop of Kilmore, died 1713. John Francis Vigani, professor of chemistry, died 1713. William Spencer, D.D., fellow, editor of Origen, died 1713-4. Walter Pope, M.D., poet and classical scholar, died 1714. Edward Fowler, bishop of Gloucester, died 1714. Francis Brokesby, fellow, a noted nonjuror and able writer, died 1714. 294 TRINITY COLLEGE. Robert Nelson, a learned and devout writer, died 1714-5. Charles Montagu, earl of Halifax, fellow, statesman and poet, died 1715. Arthur Pomeroy, D.D., fellow, dean of Cork, died 1716. Roger Cotes, fellow, Plumian professor, a great mathe- matician and astronomer, died 1716. Edward Felling, D.D., fellow, rector of Petworth and canon of Westminster, author of sermons and controver- sial works, died 1718-9. Wolfran Stubbe, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of hebrew, died 1719. John Turner, D.D., vicar of Greenwich, a celebrated preacher, died 1720. Morris Drake Morris, author of collections for Athenae Cantabrigienses, died about 1720. Charles Montagu, duke of Manchester, high steward of the university, died 1721. John Mapletoft, D.D., a learned physician and divine, died 1721. Charles Montagu, temporal chancellor of Durham, died 1721. John Billingsley, dissenting minister in London, author of expositions of scripture and sermons, died 1722. Edward Montagu, viscount Hinchinbrooke, died 1722. Robert Uvedale, D.D., fellow, botanist, died 1722. Sir James Montagu, chief baron of the exchequer, died 1722. Anthony Grey, earl of Harold, died 1723. Adam Ottley, bishop of S. David's, died 1723. John Brookbank, LL.D., chancellor of the diocese of Durham, died 1724. John Mandeville, D.D., dean of Peter- borough, died 1724-5. Henry Boyle, lord Car- leton, secretary of state, died 1724-5. Charles Whitworth, lord Whitworth, fellow ; ambassador to Russia, died 1725. Sir Isaac Newton, fellow, the great philosopher, died 1726-7. Augustine Bryan, TRINITY COLLEGE. 295 editor of Plutarch, died 1727. John Rastrick, ejected vicar of Kirkton in Holland, Lincolnshire, and afterwards preacher at Lynn, theologian and antiquary, died 1727. Nathaniel Spinckes, a bishop amongst the nonjurors, and author of devotional and controversial works, died 1727. John Jones, D.D., dean of Bangor, died 1727. John Thane, D.D., archdeacon of Chester, died 1727. John Montagu, D.D., master, dean of Durham, died 1727-8. Hugh Chamberlen, M.D., a celebrated practitioner in mid- wifery, died 1728. James Talbot, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of hebrew, died 1728. William Ayloffe, LL.D., fellow, public orator, died 1728. Timothy Goodwin, archbishop of Cashel, died 1729. Edmund Miller, fellow, baron of the exchequer in Scotland, died 1730. Laurence Eusden, fellow, poet, died 1730. John Han way, latin and english poet, flourished 1730. David Humphreys, D.D., fellow, author of an historical account of the society for the propagation of the gospel, and of other works, flourished 1730. Samuel Hadderton, fellow, university librarian, 1721-31. Thomas Parker, earl of Maccles- field, lord high chancellor, died 1732. Thomas Rud, antiquary and grammarian, died 1732-3. Abraham Francke, D.D., fellow, antiquary, died 1733. Robert Creyghton, fellow, prebendary of Wells, an able composer of sacred music, died 1733-4. John Mor- gan, fellow, professor of anatomy, died 1733-4. George Granville, lord Lansdown, poet, died 1734-5. George Cuthbert, fellow, professor of ana- tomy, 1734-5. Thomas Loxdale, vicar of Leek, Staffoiylshire, author of large collections for the 296 TRINITY COLLEGE. history of that county, flourished 1735. William Thomas, D.D., fellow, historian of the church of "Worcester, died 1738. John Durant Breval, fellow, diplomatist, traveller and poet, died 1738-9. Francis Lockier, D.D., fellow, dean of Peterborough, died 1740. Sir Thomas Parkyns, author of a treatise on wrestling, died 1740-1. Thomas Dibben, D.D., latin poet, died 1741. John Walker, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Hereford, classical scholar, died 1741. John Blackbourne, a bishop amongst the nonjurors, antiquary and controversialist, died 1741. John Le Neve, antiquary, died about 1741. Thomas Bentley, LL.D., fellow, classical scholar, died 1742. Richard Bentley, D.D., master, the great critic, died 1742. William Byrche, LL.D., fellow, chancellor of the diocese of Worcester, died about 1742. William Shippen, patriot, died 1743. Roger Gale, fellow, antiquary, died 1744. Algernon Coote, earl of Mon- traith, died 1744. Walter Taylor, fellow, Regius professor of greek, died 1744-5. Beaupre Bell, antiquary, died 1745. Nicholas Clagett, bishop of Exeter, died 1746. Samuel Knight, D.D., the bio- grapher of Colet and Erasmus, died 1746. Leonard Welstead, poet, died 1746-7. Vincent Bourne, fellow, latin poet, died 1747. Robert Butts, bishop of Ely, died 1747-8. Samuel D'Oyly, fellow, one of the translators of Calmet's Dictionary of the Bible, died 1748. Francis Say, royal librarian, an accomp- lished scholar, died 1748. Charles Seymour, duke of Somerset, K.G., chancellor of the university, died 1748. Edward Milward, M.D., a learned writer on the history of medical science, flourished 1748. TRINITY COLLEGE. 297 Thomas Hill, fellow, latin poet, flourished 1748. John Colbatch, D.D., fellow, professor of moral philo- sophy, died 1748-9. Philip Bouquet, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of hebrew, died 1748-9. James Jurin, M.D., fellow, president of the college of phy- sicians, an able writer on mathematics, physiology, and medicine, died 1749-50. Hugh Hughes, dean of Bangor, died 1750. Conyers Middleton, D.D., fellow, Woodwardian professor, author of the Life of Cicero, and other learned works, died 1750. Thomas Parne, D.D., fellow, university librarian, died 1751. Mordecai Gary, fellow, bishop of Killala, died 1751. Thomas Trevor, lord Trevor, died 1753. Sir Thomas Burnet, justice of the common pleas, died 1753. George Henry Rooke, D.D., master of Christ's college, died 1754. Abraham De Moivre, mathematician, died 1754. David Casley, compiler of the catalogue of the royal MSS., flourished 1754. George Jeffreys, fellow, poet and dramatist, died 1755. Balthasar Regis, D.D., canon of Windsor, author of numerous sermons, died 1755. Charles Torriano, fellow, Regius professor of hebrew, 1753-7. Thomas Sharp, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Northum- berland, hebrew scholar, died 1758. Henry Howard, earl of Carlisle, K'.G., died 1758. Sir John Armytage, slain at S. Cas, 1758. Thomas Salmon, bishop of Ferns, died 1759. John Heylin, D.D., canon of Westminster, author of theological lectures and sermons, died 1759. Isaac Hawkins Browne, poet, died 1760. Thomas Pilgrim, fellow, Regius pro- fessor of greek, died 1760. John Clarke, fellow, master successively of the schools of Skipton, 298 TRINITY COLLEGE. Beverley and Wakefield, died 1761. John Byrom, fellow, poet, died 1763. Robert Lloyd, poet, died 1764. Richard Walker, D.D., fellow, professor of moral philosophy and founder of the Botanic garden, died 1764. Edward Townshend, D.D., dean of Norwich, died 1765. William King, lord King, died 1767. Francis Russell, marquess of Tavistock, died 1767. William Barnard, fellow, bishop of Derry, died 1768. Robert Smith, D.D., master, Plumian professor, a profound mathematician, died 1768. Laurence Brocket, fellow, professor of modern his- tory, died 1768. Walter Titley, fellow, diplomatist, died 1768. John Gilbert Cooper, an elegant writer, died 1769. Peter Templeman, M.D., author of medical and other works, died 1769. Robert Lamb, bishop of Peterborough, died 1769. Arthur Kynnesman, master of the school of Bury S. Edmund's, died 1770. John Manners, marquess of Granby, military com- mander, died 1770. Charles Mason, D.D., fellow, Woodwardian professor, naturalist and antiquary, died 1770. Thomas Robinson, lord Grantham, fellow, secretary of state, died 1770. Edward Finch Hatton, many years M.P. for the university, died 1771. Benjamin Stillingfleet, naturalist, musician, and miscellaneous writer, died 1771. Gregory Sharpe, LL.D., master of the Temple, author of theolo- gical and other works, died 1771. George Montagu Dunk, earl of Halifax, successively lord lieutenant of Ireland and secretary of state, died 1772. Mark Hildesley, fellow, bishop of Sodor and Man, died 1772. Bernard Wilson, D.D., prebendary of Lincoln and Worcester, author of sermons, died 1772. Zachary TRINITY COLLEGE. 299 Pearce, fellow, bishop of Rochester, died 1774. Denison Cumberland, bishop of Kilmore, died 1774. James Kent, organist successively of this college and Winchester cathedral, a good composer of sacred music, died 1776. John Allen, fellow, rector of Torporley, Cheshire, antiquary, died 1778. William Fraigneau, fellow, Regius professor of greek, died 1778. Thomas Newton, fellow, bishop of Bristol, died 1782. Richard Jackson, founder of the Jack- sonian professorship, died 1782. Richard Bentley, fellow, dramatist and classical scholar, died 1782. Philip Yonge, fellow, bishop of Norwich, died 1783. Stephen Whisson, fellow, university librarian, died 1783. Thomas Francklin, D.D., fellow, Regius pro- fessor of greek, translator of Sophocles, Lucian, and Phalaris, died 1784. Charles Collignon, M.D., pro- fessor of anatomy, died 1785. Richard Bentley, D.D., fellow, rector of Nailstone, Leicestershire, classical scholar, died 1786. Thomas Brome, fellow, professor of music at Gresham college, died 1786. Thomas Robinson, lord Grantham, diplomatist and statesman, died 1786. William Cooper, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of the west riding of York, died 1786. James Six, fellow, classical scholar, linguist and poet, died 1786. Robert Garnham, fellow, master of the school at Bury S. Edmund, biblical critic, died 1787. John Baynes, fellow, politician, biographer and antiquary, died 1787. Paul Henry Maty, fellow, secretary of the royal society, critic and miscellaneous writer, died 1787. Charles Manners, duke of Rutland, lord lieutenant of Ireland, died 1787. Thomas Green, Woodwardian professor, died 1788. William Preston, 300 TEINITY COLLEGE. fellow, bishop of Leighlin and Ferns, died 1789. Michael Lort, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of greek, classical scholar and antiquary, died 1790. Martin Madan, chaplain of the Lock hospital, a celebrated preacher and writer, died 1790. Edmund Burton, fellow, translator of Persius and editor of Manilius, flourished 1790. Samuel Peck, fellow, antiquary, died 1791. John Montagu, earl of Sandwich, first lord of the admiralty, died 1792. John Sharp, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Northumberland, died 1792. Edward Emily, dean of Derry, died 1792. Sir William Fordyce, M.D., a celebrated London physi- cian, author of various professional works, died 1792. Benjamin Cooke, MUS.D., organist of Westminster abbey, composer of sacred and secular music, died 1793. Thomas Lloyd, D.D., dean of Bangor, died 1793. John Hinchliffe, master, bishop of Peterborough, died 1794. James Bentham, the historian of the church of Ely, died 1794. Sir Clifton Wintringham, royal physician, a learned medical author, died 1794. Henry Zouch, antiquary, poet, and writer on social science, died 1795. Samuel Hayes, fellow, poet, died about 1795. John Bampfylde, poet, died 1796. Anthony Shepherd, D.D., Plumian professor, died 1796. William Henry Lambton, M.P. for Durham, died 1797. Owen Salusbury Brereton, antiquary, died 1798. John Tweddell, fellow, an accomplished scholar and traveller, died 1799. John Warner, D.D., classical scholar and celebrated preacher, died 1800. Robert Fowler, fellow, arch- bishop of Dublin, died 1801. Sir John William Rose, recorder of London, died 1803. William TRINITY COLLEGE. 301 Collier, fellow, Regius professor of Hebrew, died 1803. Richard Pepper Arden, lord Alvanley, fellow, master of the rolls, died 1804. Charles Cooper, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of the west riding of York, died 1804. Hugh Moises, master of the school of Newcastle upon Tyne, died 1805. H.R.H. William Henry duke of Gloucester, K.G., died 1805. George Cotton, LL.D., dean of Chester, died 1805. Thomas Pownall, sometime governor of South Carolina, antiquary and political economist, died 1805. William Disney, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of hebrew, died 1807. George Atwood, fellow, mathematician and financier, died 1807. Samuel Smith, LL.D., fellow, master of Westminster school, died 1808. Richard Person, fellow, Regius professor of greek, the great classical scholar, died 1808. Edmund Ayrton, MUS.D., com- poser of sacred music, died 1808. Sir Elijah Impey, fellow, chief-justice of Bengal, died 1809. Nevil Maskelyne, D.D., fellow, astronomer royal, died 1811. Richard Cumberland, fellow, dramatist and essayist, died 1811. Matthew Raine, D.D., fellow, master of Charterhouse school, classical scholar, died 1811. Henry Revell Reynolds, M.D., a celebrated London physician, died 1811. Robert Lucas, D.D., rector of Ripple, Northamptonshire, classical scholar and author of sermons, died 1812. Robert Willan, M.D., fellow, a distinguished London physician, author of professional, theological, and antiquarian works, died 1812. Spencer Perceval, first lord of the treasury, assassinated 1812. Thomas Robinson, fellow, vicar of S. Mary's, Leicester, author of Scripture Characters and other works, died 1813. John Garnett, D.D., 302 TRINITY COLLEGE. fellow, dean of Exeter, died 1813. Spencer Madan, fellow, bishop of Peterborough, died 1813. James Scott, D.D., fellow, rector of Simonbourn, political writer and poet, died 1814. John Ord, fellow, master in chancery, died 1814. Robert Hudson, MUS.B., composer of church services and hymns, died 1815. Thomas Zouch, D.D., fellow, canon of Durham, bio- grapher and classical scholar, died 1815. William Vincent, D.D., fellow, dean of Westminster, author of works on ancient geography, died 1815. George Hardinge, chief justice of Brecon, political and mis- cellaneous writer, died 1816. Richard Watson, fellow, bishop of Llandaff, died 1816. John Davies, fellow, university librarian, died 1817. George Ponsonby, sometime lord chancellor of Ireland, died 1817. John Fitzpatrick, earl of Upper Ossory, died 1818. John Strachey, LL.D., fellow, archdeacon of Suffolk, editor of the Rolls of Parliament, died 1818. John Porter, fellow, bishop of Clogher, died 1819. George Gretton, D.D., fellow, dean of Hereford, died 1820. Edward Topham, essayist, dramatist, and biographer, died 1820. William Lort Mansel, master, bishop of Bristol, died 1820. Sir Home Riggs Popham, admiral, died 1820. John Henry Smyth, M.P. for the university, died 1822. Thomas Lewis O'Beirne, bishop of Meath, died 1823. Richard Relhan, botanist, died 1823. James Lambert, fellow, Regius professor of greek, died 1823. Thomas Erskine, lord Erskine, lord high chancellor, died 1823. George Gordon Noel Byron, lord Byron, poet, died 1824. Gerrard Andrewes, D.D., fellow, dean of Canterbury , died 1825. Peter Paul Dobree, fellow, Regius professor of greek, TEINITY COLLEGE. 303 died 1825. John Wingfield, D.D., fellow, master of Westminster school, died 1825. John Hellins, vicar of Potters Pury, Northamptonshire, mathematician and astronomer, died 1827. Legh Richmond, rector of Turvey, Bedfordshire, author of the Annals of the Poor, died 1827. William Crawford, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Caermarthen, died 1827. Edward William Barnard, poet, died 1828. John Joshua Proby, earl of Carysfort, died 1828. Sir Charles Harcourt Chambers, fellow, chief justice of Bom- bay, died 1828. Edward Dodwell, author of a magnificent work on Greece, died 1828. Roger Wilbraham, fellow, antiquary, naturalist and book collector, died 1829. Edmund Turnor, antiquary, died 1829. John Crewe, lord Crewe, died 1829. Edward Thomas Vaughan, fellow, rector of Foston and vicar of S. Mary's, Leicester, a celebrated preacher, died 1829. Lord Charles Fitzroy, military commander, died 1829. George Walker, fellow, master of Leeds school, died 1830. Frederick Malkin, fellow, author of a History of Greece, died 1830. John Ashburnham, earl Ashburnham, died 1830. Edward Mellish, dean of Hereford, died 1830. Henry Lloyd, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of he- brew, died 1831. Jonathan Raine, fellow, justice of North Wales, died 1831. John Clowes, fellow, Swe- denborgian writer, died 1831. Sir William Anglin Scarlett, chief justice of Jamaica, died 1831. Samuel Matthews, MUS.B., musical composer, died 1831. George Crabbe, poet, died 1832. Richard Allott, D.D., fellow, dean of Raphoe, died 1832. Edward Valpy, master of Norwich school, died 1832. Sir 304 TRINITY COLLEGE. Everard Home, a distinguished surgeon, author of numerous professional works, died 1832. John Brasse, D.D., fellow, editor of a greek Gradus and plays of Sophocles, died 1833. George Lamb, trans- lator of Catullus, died 1834. Joseph Drury, D.D., master of Harrow school, died 1834. George Heald, a distinguished equity lawyer, died 1834. George John Spencer, earl Spencer, E.G., first lord of the admiralty, died 1834. H.R.H. William Frederick duke of Gloucester, K.G., chancellor of the university, died 1834. Thomas James Mathias, fellow, author of The Pursuits of Literature and other works in english and Italian, died 1835. William Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, viscount Milton, died 1835. John Bell, fellow, a celebrated equity lawyer, died 1836. John Clarke Whitfield, MUS.D., professor of music, an able composer, died 1836. William Frere, LL.D., master of Downing college, died 1836. Edward Smedley, poet, historian, biographer, and editor of Encyclopedia Metropolitana, died 1836. William Thomas Petty-Fitzmaurice, earl of Kerry, died 1836. John Pond, astronomer royal, died 1836. Sir Robert Graham, fellow, baron of the exchequer, died 1836. William Lax, fellow, Lowndean professor, died 1836. William Owen, fellow, a distinguished equity lawyer, died 1837. Sir Benjamin Heath Malkin, fellow, judge of the supreme court, Calcutta, died 1837. Sir William Rough, chief justice of Ceylon, died 1838. Hugh James Rose, a dis- tinguished preacher and theologian, died 1838. Laurence Dundas, earl of Zetland, died 1839. Edmund Henry Barker, classical scholar, died 1839. TRINITY COLLEGE. 305 Samuel Compton Cox, fellow, master in chancery, died 1839. Winthrop Mackworth Praed, fellow, politician and poet, died 1839. John Duncumb, the historian of Herefordshire, died 1839. John Geneste, author of the History of the English Stage, died 1839. John Wordsworth, fellow, classical scholar, died 1839. Sir William Bolland, baron of the exchequer, died 1840. Francis Bacon, editor of the Times newspaper, died 1840. John George Lambton, earl of Durham, governor-general of Canada, died 1840. John Jeffreys Pratt, marquess Camden, E.G., chan- cellor of the university, died 1840. Thomas Walpole, envoy at Munich, died 1840. Owen Flintoff, chief justice of Sierra Leone, died 1841. Sir Francis Leggit Chantrey, sculptor, died 1841. Cornwallis Hewett, M.D., Downing professor of medicine, died 1841. Benjamin Heath Malkin, D.C.L., master of Bury S. Edmund's school, author of topographical and other works, died 1842. Sir John Cross, chief judge of the court of bankruptcy, died 1842. Francis Wrangham, archdeacon of the east riding of York- shire, classical scholar, died 1842. H.R.H. Frederick Augustus, duke of Sussex, E.G., died 1843. William Lewis Rham, author of numerous works on agricul- ture, died 1843. Edward Finch, military commander, many years M.P. for the town of Cambridge, died 1843. Duncan Farquharson Gregory, fellow, mathe- matician, died 1844. William Lowther, earl of Lonsdale, K.G., died 1844. Francis Howes, poet, died 1844. Daniel Cresswell, D.D., fellow, mathe- matician, died 1844. James Scarlett, lord Abinger, chief baron of the exchequer, died 1844. Henry Vincent Bayley, fellow, archdeacon of Stow, died VOL. n. u* 306 TRINITY COLLEGE. 1844. John Sterling, essayist and poet, died 1844. George Henry Fitzroy, duke of Grafton, sometime M.P. for the university, died 1844. John Sheepshanks, fellow, archdeacon of Cornwall, died 1844. Robert Grosvenor, marquess of Westminster, K.G., died 1845. Henry Coddington, fellow, mathematician, died 1845. Joseph Allen, fellow, bishop of Ely, died 1845. Edward Moises, master of the school of Newcastle upon Tyne, died 1845. Sir William Webb Follett, attorney-general, died 1845. Charles Manners Sutton, viscount Canterbury, many years speaker of the house of commons, died 1845. Charles John Spencer, earl Spencer, sometime chancellor of the exchequer, died 1845. Christopher Wordsworth, D.D., master, editor of a collection of ecclesiastical biography and other works, died 1846. William Sidney Walker, fellow, poet, philologist, and classical scholar, died 1846. Sir Nicholas Conyngham Tindal, fellow, chief justice of the common pleas, died 1846. Robert Uvedale, hebrew scholar and antiquary, died 1846. Sir John Williams, fellow, justice of the queen's bench, died 1846. John Thomas Nottidge, a cele- brated preacher at Ipswich, died 1846. John Hail- stone, fellow, Woodwardian professor, died 1847. Sir John Beckett, judge-advocate-general, died 1847. William Dealtry, D.D., fellow, archdeacon of Surrey, mathematician and theologian, died 1847. Edward Venables Vernoii Harcourt, archbishop of York, died 1847. Edward Peacock, fellow, translator of Sallust, died 1848. Charles Hoyle, poet, died 1848. Charles Buller, president of the poor law board, died 1848. William Lamb, viscount Melbourne, first lord of the TRINITY COLLEGE. 307 treasury, died 1848. Sir Thomas Coltnian, fellow, justice of the common pleas, died 1849. William Makepeace Thackeray, M.D., a celebrated physician at Chester, died 1849. James Devereux Hustler, fellow, mathematician, died 1849. Walter Davies, welsh scholar, died 1849. John Martin Frederick Wright, mathematician, died about 1849. John Mirehouse, common serjeant of London, died 1850. John Lodge, university librarian, died 1850. Thomas Kidd, classical scholar, died 1850. Joshua Eyland Marshman, pro- fessor of law at University college, London, died 1850. Spencer Joshua Alwyne Compton, marquess of Northampton, president of the royal society, died 1851. Charles Christopher Pepys, earl of Cottenham, lord high chancellor, died 1851. Bartholomew Frere, plenipotentiary at Constantinople, died 1851. Edward Smith Stanley, earl of Derby, K.G., zoologist, died 1851. John Elliot Drinkwater Bethune, one of the council of India, died 1851. Jeffery Hart Bent, chief justice of British Guiana, died 1852. Edward Murray, prebendary of S. Paul's, hebrew scholar, died 1852. Thomas Gisborne, many years an active member of the house of commons, died 1852. Sir James Parker, a vice-chancellor of England, died 1852. William Thomas Parr Brymer, arch- deacon of Bath, died 1852. William Empson, pro- fessor of law at Haileybury college, editor of the Edinburgh Review, died 1852. Samuel Lee, D.D., Regius professor of hebrew, an extraordinary linguist, died 1852. Edward Rice, D.D., master of Christ's hospital, London, died 1853. Henry Southern, diplo- matist, editor of the Retrospective and Westminster u2 308 TRINITY COLLEGE. Reviews, died 1853. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, fellow, rector of Lyndon, Rutland, author and editor of numerous classical educational works, died 1853. James Scholefield, fellow, Regius professor of greek, died 1853. John Gust, earl of Brownlow, died 1853. William Hodge Mill, D.D., fellow, Regius professor of hebrew, a great Sanscrit scholar, died 1853. Charles Vane, marquess of Londonderry, E.G., military commander, died 1854. David Montagu Erskine, lord Erskine, diplomatist, died 1854. Henry Revell Reynolds, chief commissioner of the insolvent debtor's court, died 1854. George Neville Grenville, dean of Windsor and master of Magdalen college, died 1854. William John Bankes, M.P. for the university, died 1855. William Selwyn, an able writer on the common law, died 1855. Richard Sheepshanks, fellow, astronomer, died 1855. Sir William. Moles- worth, secretary of state, died 1855. William Frederick Chambers, M.D., royal physician, died 1855. Julius Charles Hare, fellow, archdeacon of Chichester, theologian and classical scholar, died 1855. Henry Lushington, fellow, chief secretary at Malta, died 1855. Henry Goulburn, M.P. for the university, chancellor of the exchequer, died 1856. Thomas Attwood Walmisley, professor of music, composer of sacred and secular music, died 1856. Hugh Percy, bishop of Carlisle, died 1856. Richard Wellesley Rothman, M.D., fellow, registrar of the university of London, died 1856. Robert Walpole, traveller and classical scholar, died 1856. John Elijah Blunt, master in chancery, died 1856. James Henry Monk, fellow, bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, TRINITY COLLEGE. 309 died 1856. John Henry Manners, duke of Rutland, K.G., died 1857. William Rowe Lyall, dean of Canterbury, died 1857. John Mitchell Kemble, saxon scholar, died 1857. George Brimley, essayist, died 1857. Charles James Blomfield, fellow, bishop of Lon- don, died 1857. Charles William Wentworth-Fitz- william, earl Fitzwilliam, E.G., died 1857. William John Conybeare, fellow, theologian and essayist, died 1857. Augustus Stafford, secretary of the admiralty, died 1857. George Townsend, D.D., canon of Durham, author of many theological and other works, died 1857. Sir William Henry Maule, fellow, justice of the common pleas, died 1858. William Spencer Cavendish, duke of Devonshire, K.G., died 1858. AVilliam Stephen Raikes Hodson, military commander in India, died 1858. Henry Warburton, an active and public spirited member of the house of commons, died 1858. George Peacock, D.D., fellow, dean of Ely, Lowndean professor, mathematician, died 1858. Charles Valentine Le Grice, author of numerous works, died 1858. Robert Leslie Ellis, fellow, mathe- matician and linguist, one of the editors of lord Bacon's philosophical works, died 1859. Robert Pashley, fellow, traveller and classical scholar, died 1859. Charles Augustus Bennet, earl of Tankerville, died 1859. Henry David Erskine, D.D., dean of Ripon, died 1859. Sir George Thomas Staunton, Chinese scholar, died 1859. John Fane, earl of Westmorland, diplomatist, military commander and musical composer, died 1859. John Higgs Hunt, fellow, translator of Tasso, died 1859. Sir Richard Budden Crowder, justice of the common pleas, died 310 TRINITY COLLEGE. 1859. Henry Fitzroy, first commissioner of public works, died 1859. Crinus Irwin, archdeacon of Ossory, died 1859. Thomas Babington Macaulay, lord Macaulay, fellow, orator, poet, and historian, died 1859, Matthew Talbot Baines, chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, died 1860. Sir Thomas Mackdougall Brisbane, governor of New South Wales, died 1860. William Forbes Eaymond, archdeacon of Northumberland, died 1860. Andrew Amos, fellow, Downing professor of law, author of legal and his- torical works, died 1860. Thomas Musgrave, fellow, archbishop of York, died 1860. Henry Pepys, bishop of Worcester, died 1860. Sir Henry George Wakelyn Smith, military commander, died 1860. Charles Webb Le Bas, fellow, sometime principal of Haileybury college, an able preacher and biogra- pher, died 1861. BUILDINGS. The college consists of four courts, and the building called Bishop's hostel. The courts known respectively as the old or great court, Neville's court, and new court, are westward of Trinity street, as is Bishop's hostel ; the fourth court, called the Master's court, being on the eastern side of the same street. The old or great court, the most spacious and striking quadrangle in either university, occupies an area of two acres and six perches. The western side is three hundred and fifty feet, the eastern three hundred and twenty, the southern two hundred and ninety, and the northern two hundred and sixty. On the western side is the master's lodge, the hall, and the combination rooms; on the northern the TRINITY COLLEGE. PLAN OF THE COLLEGE, WESTWARD OF TRINITY STREET. 1. The Grsat court. 2. Neville's court. 3. New court. 4. Entrance to Bowling- green. 5. Chapel. 6. Hall. 7. Library. 8. King's gateway. 9. King Edward's tower. 10. Queen's tower. 11. Master's lodge. 12. Bishop's hostel. 13. Stables. 14. Houses between college and street. 15. Garden. 16. Bowling-green. 17. Lane between Trinity and S. John's colleges. 18. S. John's old bridge. 19. Trinity bridge. 20. Garret hostel bridge. 21. Garret hostel lane. 22. Caius college. 23. Green street. 24. Trinity street. 25. Brewhouse. 26. Back entrance to Caius college. chapel ; and on the eastern the principal entrance tower called the King's gateway. This noble and elegant tower, which formed part of King's hall, was doubtless erected in the reign of Edward IV., as the royal arms on the outer or eastern front are supported by two lions, and no other monarch used those supporters. (a) (a) Although the supporters of Edward IV. are used, the coat was evidently intended for Edward III. It is not surrounded by the garter, and the arms of France are semee de Us. 312 TRINITY COLLEGE. Underneath are the arms of Koger Rotheram, master of King's hall, 1475-7. On either side of the royal arms are those of Edward, prince of Wales ; Lionel, duke of Clarence ; John, duke of Lancaster ; Edmund, duke of York ; and Thomas, duke of Gloucester, sons of Edward III., with a blank escocheon for his second son William of Hatfield, who died in infancy. In a niche over the gateway is a statue of Henry VIII. On the western or inner side of the tower are statues of James I. ; Anne of Denmark, his queen ; and their son, Charles prince of Wales. The greater part of the groining of the gateway has been removed, its place being supplied by a roof of wood, whereon are depicted the arms of all the masters of the college, except doctors Hill and Arrowsmith, (fl) for whom there are blank esco- cheons. (5) On the northern side of the court, at the west end of the chapel, is a tower gateway, which also formed part of King's hall, anciently communi- cating with the lane near S. John's. Over this (a) The arms depicted on the monument of the rev. Thomas Arrow- smith, M.A., (Dr. Arrowsmith's grandson) in Starston church, Norfolk, are : Ermine, on a cheveron between 3 arrows Sable, 5 pheons Or. (6) The upper rooms in this tower with the leads over the same, were by a college order dated 5th of February, 1706-7, appropriated to the use of the Plumian professor for the time being. Subsequently an observatory was erected on the leads. It was finished in or about 1717. On 30th of May, 1792, the Plumian trustees having before them the fact, that the, professor had not occupied the rooms for above fifty years, and that the observatory and the instruments belonging to it were dilapidated and entirely unfit for the purposes intended, gave up all claim thereto, and in 1797 this memorial of Dr. Bentley's zeal for the promotion of science was pulled down. Newton Correspondence, ed. Edleston, 200, 201. A' AY- TRINITY COLLEGE. 313 fine gateway is an ancient statue of Edward III., having under it these inscriptions : i^bgna pro patua 1377. ^frttbg Itbtoarlibg fama gbper artfjera notbg. On the southern side of the court is another gateway tower, called the Queen's gateway. This was part of Michaelhouse, and communicates with the lane, now known as Trinity lane, but anciently called S. Michael's lane. Over the archway on the inner side is a sitting statue of queen Elizabeth, having underneath the arms of archbishop Whitgift and doctor Neville. There are turrets in the north-western and south- eastern angles of this court, and there was formerly a similar turret in the south-western angle. This court, which was for many years a very irregular pile, was brought into its present shape during the mastership of Dr. Neville (1593-1615), the architect being Ealph Simons. (a) In the midst of the court is a lofty stone conduit, formed of eight highly enriched arches, supported by ionic columns on pedestals, and surmounted by an ornamented entablature, and an ogee shaped dome of open work. Under the arcade is a handsome fountain. Over the entablature are the arms of the college and of archbishop Whitgift, Dr. Neville and bishop Feme, all masters of the society, and on the summit of the dome is a crowned lion holding a shield charged with the royal arms. A great part of the southern side of this court (a) See pp. 138, 244. 314 TRINITY COLLEGE. is visible externally from Trinity lane, but this front in its present state has little to attract attention, although it might, at a comparatively slight expence, be made an ornament to the university. The only part of the court which can be seen from Trinity street is the King's gate, the western end of the chapel which projects nearly fifty feet from the front of the college, and an intermediate building (a) with an oriel window. This building was repaired and improved under the superintendence of Mr. Salvin in the summer of 1856. Neville's court, the area of which contains two roods twenty-seven perches, is two hundred and twenty feet on the northern, side, two hundred and thirty on the southern, one hundred and fifty on the western, and one hundred and thirty on the eastern. The eastern side consists of the hall and adjacent buildings, the antique appearance of which is partially hidden by a terrace with a balustrade in front, and six attached doric columns supporting an entablature and small pediment with urns on the acroteria and niches in the intercolumniations. The western side is entirely occupied by the stately library and the piazza under it. The northern and southern sides which are sur- mounted by balustrades, are built on arches supported by doric columns. These sides were partially erected (a) In this part of the college are the chambers which were occupied by Newton from 1682, till he left Cambridge. Newton Correspondence, ed. Edleston, p. 43 ; Brewster's Memoirs of Newton, ed 1860. ii. 45, 46. Under Newton's chambers are those which were occupied by the late lord Macaulay when an undergraduate. TRINITY COLLEGE. 315 by Dr. Neville, after whom the court is named, and completed towards the close of the seventeenth cen- tury principally from the benefactions of sir Thomas Sclater, and Humphrey Babington, D.D., fellows of the society. (a) The buildings have however sub- sequently undergone material alteration in detail, as may be seen by Loggan's print: "Area nova Nevellensi Colleg. Trin. Cant." dedicated to Anthony earl of Kent. The arcades on the northern and southern sides with the colonnade under the library, form a spacious and commodious cloister. The sober magnificence of this court excites general admiration. The new court erected 1823-6, at an expence exceeding 50,000, from the design of William Wilkins, B.A., contains an area of two roods seven perches. The northern side measures one hundred and forty-eight feet, the southern one hundred and fifty, and the eastern and western one hundred and sixty each. On the eastern and western sides are gateway towers, and on the northern a small cloister com- municates with Neville's court, and connects two projections the angles of which are finished with turrets. In the space over this cloister is a richly decorated niche, and on the opposite side of the court on either side of an oriel window are smaller niches, having over each a rose and crown boldly sculptured. The elegant front towards the walks is of Ketton (a) See p. 273. 316 TKINITY COLLEGE. stone, but unfortunately in the rest of the structure, stucco has been employed. Bishop's hostel, of which we have given a view, (a) needs no particular description. The Master's court, erected 1859-60, is faced with stone both externally and internally. The front towards Trinity street has a handsome tower entrance, with an oriel window, and at the north-west angle is a turret supported by a bold angel corbel. The front towards All Saints' passage, though irregular, has also a pleasing effect. The architect was Mr. Salvin. In a niche at the summit of the tower in Trinity street are the arms of Dr. Whewell, the present master, at whose charge the structure has been erected. THE CHAPEL (J) was commenced in the reign of queen Mary, and completed in the early part of that of Elizabeth. At the west end is inscribed : Anno 1564. Domvs mea domvs orationis vocabitvr. At this end is a good perpendicular window of nine lights, but it is unfortunately blocked up by the altar. The structure consists of embattled walls, sup- ported at irregular intervals by finialed buttresses, producing a corresponding irregularity in the dis- position of the plain and obtusely arched lateral windows. Internally the chapel is two hundred and four (a) See p. 250. (b) It is said to occupy the site of the chapel of King's hall, but it is not by any means certain that there was a chapel to that hall, the members of which undoubtedly at one period used the church of All Saints' for divine service. 1 ' ' " i '' ' ". i . TRINITY COLLEGE. 317 feet in length, thirty-four in breadth, and forty-four in height. (a) The roof is formed of carved beams of oak, dividing it into ninety-six quadrangular compart- ments, having stars intermixed. It was formerly decorated with blue and gold. The alteration is much regretted by many who remember the former state. The choir is divided from the ante-chapel by an organ-loft supported by doric columns and pilasters of oak. The organ was begun by the celebrated Bernard Smith, commonly called Father Smith, and completed by his son-in-law Christopher Schrider. (i) The stalls and other fittings of the choir are of (a) William Dowsing thus records his proceedings here : "Trinity Colledg, Decemb. 29, 1643. Mr Turwhit Fellow, & Mr Peche a fellow, Mr Roads Fellowe, we had 4 Cherubims & Steps levelled." (6) " The organ in the Chapel of Trinity College, which is justly con- sidered the finest in Cambridge, and ranks among the first in England, was built originally by Father Schmidt in the year 1706 when Bentley was Master of the College at a cost of 1500. It has since that time received many additions and improvements; the most considerable of which was made three years ago by Gray and Son of London. The compass of the great organ is from CCC the 16 feet pipe to F in alt. throughout all the stops. The swell, which is exceedingly fine, extends from gamut G to F in alt., and contains the following stops : open Diapason, stopped Diapason, double stopped Diapason, Principal, three rank Sesquialtra, Hautboy, Trumpet and Clarion. The choir organ is much admired for its sweetness of tone, and possesses a remarkably fine Cremona. There are two octaves of pedal pipes and many coupling stops, by means of which the power of the organ is much increased and great variety is obtained. One of these stops called a Melody Coupler, and the first of the kind ever made, was introduced at the suggestion of the present organist : this movement acts upon the two upper octaves of the choir organ, thus enabling the performer to play melodies with his feet." Professor Walmisley (late organist of the college) in Cambridge Portfolio, 1840, p. 194. 318 TRINITY COLLEGE. the best Norway oak. They are excellent in their kind, although not accordant with the original archi- tecture of the chapel. (a) The master's and vicemaster's stalls, on either side of the entrance of the choir are niches under circular pediments, supported by Corinthian columns. The fellows' stalls are composed of coupled corinthian pilasters, supporting an entablature with a cantaliver cornice. The arms and names of benefactors, (6) sur- rounded with fruit foliage and other embellishments in the first style of art by Grinling Gibbons, are placed over the stalls. The space between the stalls and the altar is occupied with coupled corinthian columns, supporting an entablature. The altar is under a deeply recessed arch, each pier of which is composed of four fluted corinthian columns. Above is a broken pediment. This altar entirely blocks up the eastern window. The altar-piece, by West, representing S. Michael binding Satan, was the gift of John Hinchliffe, bishop of Peterborough, master. (a) The choir was refitted in the reign of queen Anne, and the superin- tendence was committed to the celebrated professor Cotes, but the work was not completed till after his death. The clock, dials, and bell were put up in 1726. (b) On the southern or master's side: Dr. Bentley, master; William Pierrepoint ; earl of Kingston [at p. 274, miscalled hon. "William Kingston] . Dr. Montagu ; Mr. Bacon ; Mr. Modd ; Mr. Chamberlayne ; Mr. Miller ; Dr. Jurin ; Mr. Ekins ; Dr. Ayloffe ; Dr. Hutchinson ; Dr. Middleton ; Mr. Moyle ; Dr. Smith; Henry Colman, D.D.; John Fuller, esq., and James Bankes, M.A. On the northern or vicemaster's side : Richard Walker, vicemaster; Mr. Perry; sir Charles Barrington, bart. ; Dr. Cressar; Mr. Bathurst; Mr. Eden; Mr. Burrell; Mr. Cotes; Mr. Stubbe; sir James Montagu ; sir Isaac Newton ; Dr. James ; John Ilacket, D.D. ; Mr. Campion ; hon. Thomas Trevor ; Samuel Knight, D.D., and Edward Rud, D.D. TRINITY COLLEGE. 319 On the walls on either side of the altar are large paintings of our Saviour, S. John the Baptist, S. Mary, and S. Elizabeth, executed when the choir was refitted in the reign of queen Anne. Some are of opinion that these paintings, which were re- cently renewed, possess great merit. The large silver candlesticks on the altar were given in 1773 by two brothers, Edward Smith Stanley, M.A., and Thomas Smith Stanley, M.A., both of this college, and sons of James lord Strange, eldest son of Edward earl of Derby. On the pavement of the choir which is of black and white marble in alternate squares, are inscrip- tions in memory of Richard Bentlcy, D.D., master, 14 July, 1742, set 81; Robert Smith, D.D., master, 2 February, 1768, set 79 ; and William Lort Hansel, D.D., bishop of Bristol, master, born 4 non. Apr. 1753, died 5 cal. Jul. 1820. At the western end of the ante-chapel is Roubiliac's noble statue of sir Isaac Newton, (a) (presented to the (a) Chantrey says : " The Sir Isaac Newton is the noblest, I think, of all our English statues. There is an air of nature, and a loftiness of thought about it, which no other artist has in this country, I suspect, reached. You cannot imagine any thing grander in sentiment, and the execution is every way worthy of it." Allan Cunningham's Lives of British Painters, Sculptors and Architects, iii. 52. "The statue of Newton in Trinity College Chapel, when first completed, had the mouth closed. Some friend and connoiseur having come to the artist's studio to view the work, immediately remarked this as a defect, and expressed his opinion to the artist. Roubiliac went to bed, but could not sleep : he rose early, set to work, and made it what it is at present; and certainly the result of this bold experiment is admirable. The good taste of the artist was not greater than his candour in admitting an error in that stage of his work, or more remarkable than the confidence which he pos- sessed in his own hkill to correct it." Cambridge Portfolio, 204. 320 TRINITY COLLEGE. college in 1755, by Dr. Robert Smith, master). On the pedestal is inscribed : NEWTON Qui genus liumanum ingenio superavit.^ On the northern side of the choir entrance is a statue by H. Weekes, of lord Bacon, presented by Dr. Whewell, master, in 1845, and having on the pedestal the following inscription : Franciscvs Bacon Baro de Vervlam S ti . Albani Vicecomea Sev Notioribus Titvlis Scientiarvm Lumen Facvndise Lex Sic Sedebat. Qui Postqvam Omnia Natvralis Sapientiae Et Civilis Arcana Evolvisset Natvrae Decretvm Explevit Composita Solvantur An . IK M.DC.XXVI ^Etat s . LXVI. A letter from lord Bacon to the college is in- scribed on another side of the pedestal. On the opposite side of the choir entrance is a statue by Noble, of Dr. Isaac Barrow, master, the munificent gift of the marquess of Lansdowne. The inscription is as follows : Isaacus Barrow Vir Suo Tempori Pietatis Probitatis Fidei Eruditionis Modestiae Suavitatis Exemplum ; Professor Matheseos In Hac Academia Et Eo Quidem Nomine Newtoni Antecessor Sed Meliore Titulo Ob Prseclara Sua Inventa Mathematica ; Theologus Argumentorum Gravitate () Lucretius. Nn-y ' TRINITY COLLEGE. 321 Theologus Argumentorurn Gravitate Et Sermonis Copia Prascellens ; Collegium Hoc Prasfectus Illustravit Jactis Bibliothecas Fundamentis Auxit. Obiit IV. Die Mail Anno Dom. M.DC. LXXVII. ^Etatis Suse XLVII. Monumentum Hoc Faciendum Curavit Henricus Marcliio de Lansdowne Amoris Ergo in Collegium Suum. There are memorials on the floor and walls of the antechapel for John Beaumont, [M.A.] fellow, [canon of Westminster], 6 June, 1565. (Brass.) William Lyfe, [M.A. fellow] 14 cal. Jul. 1569, set. 25. (Brass.) I. B. 19 Oct. 1598. Nicholas] C[arter, scholar] 1633. George Chare, M.A. fellow, 27 Jan. 1676-7, aet 31. J[ohn] N[orth, D.D.], master, 14 April, 1683. Sir Thomas Sclater, bart., sometime fellow, 10 Dec. 1684, aet. 69. Edward Walpole, M.A. fellow, third son of sir Edward Walpole, K.B., of Houghton, Norfolk, 29 Jan. 1688, aet. 25. Humphrey Babington, D.D. vicemaster, 4 Jan. 1691, aet. 75. K[obert] S[cott, B.D. fellow] 23 Jan. 1691. Daniel Bratell, D.D. senior fellow, 5 Feb. 1694, aet. 68. Peter Courthope, student, youngest son of Peter Courthope, esq., of Danny, Suffolk, 31 Dec. 1695, aet. 20. H[owell] P[rice, M.A. fellow] 30 Dec. 1697. William Lynnet, D.D. vicemaster, 20 Jan. 1699, aet. 77. William Corker, M.A. senior fellow, 30 April, 1702, aet. 70. Thomas Rotherham, M.A. chaplain, son of Christopher Rothcrham, esq., son of sir John Rotherhara, knt., of Somcries in the parish of Luton, Bedfordshire, 8 Nov. 1702, aet. 66. W[illiam] G[ost\vykc, M.A. fellow] 2 Feb. 1702, aet. 50. Thomas Bainbrig, D.D. rector of Orwell and vicemaster, VOL. II. X 322 TRINITY COLLEGE. born at Cambridge, 26 June, 1636, died there 16 Aug. 1703, set. 68. W[illiam] D[rury, M.A.] fellow, 8 Nov. 1713. J[ohn] C[ooper], B.D. fellow, 9 Dec. 1714. N[athaniel] H[anbuiy], B.D. fellow, 15 Nov. 1715, set. 59. Roger Cotes, M.A. fellow, Lucasian professor, son of Robert Cotes, gent., born at Burbage, Leicestershire, 10 July, 1682, died 5 June, 1716. Inscription by Dr. Bentley. P[atrick] C[ock], M.A. senior fellow, 19 Jan. 1717. E[dward] B[athurst], M.A. [fellow], 25 Feb. 1718. Thomas Smith, D.D. vicemaster, 3 cal. Mar. 1723, set. 57. Dionysius Lisle, LL.B. proctor in the courts of the chancellor of the university and the bishop of Ely, and auditor and regis- trar of the college, 2 June, 1727, set. 39. John Wilson, D.D. [fellow], 26 Oct. 1751. Daniel Lock, M.A. 15 Jan. 1754, set. 69. Bust by Roubiliac, surrounded by emblems of architecture, painting, sculpture, and music. Elizmar Smith, sister of Dr. Robert Smith, master, 2 Apr. 1758, set. 75. John Sommers, [M.A. fellow], 25 Aug. 1760. Isaac Hawkins Browne, 1760, aet. 55. Medallion and emble- matical figures, by Flaxman. Francis Hooper, D.D. senior fellow, born 10 Jan. 1694, died 18 May, 1763. Bust by Read. Stephen Whisson, B.D. [senior fellow], 2 Nov. 1783. A[ndrew] H[acket, M.A. fellow, 15 Aug. 1788, set. 88.] Moore Meredith, B.D. [vicemaster], 9 Nov. 1789. Thomas Jones, M.A. senior fellow and 20 years tutor, 18 July, 1807, set. 52. Buried in the cemetery of Dulwich college. Bust by Nollekens. Richard Person, M.A. sometime fellow, Regius professor of greek, bora 8 cal. Jan. 1759, died 7 cal. Oct. 1808. Bust by Chantrey. John Davies, B.D. vicemaster, 12 Feb. 1817, set. 71. Buried at S. Michael's. TRINITY COLLEGE. 323 Hon. Charles Fox Maitland, M.A. youngest son of John earl of Lauderdale, 15 cal. Jan. 1818, aet. 24. Two sorrowing angels exquisitely sculptured by Westmacott. James Lambert, M.A. senior fellow, Regius professor of greek, born 11 March, 1741-2, died 28 April, 1823. Buried in the parish church of Fersfield, Norfolk. Peter Paul Dobree, M.A. fellow, Regius professor of greek, born in Guernsey, died 1825, set. 43. Bust by Baily. Inscrip- tion by bishop Kaye. Samuel Hawkes, M.A. sometime fellow, died at Antigua, 11 March, 1829, aet. 35. Frederick Malkin, M.A. fellow, 10 cal. Jun. 1830, aet. 29. Thomas Kynaston Selwyn, B.A. scholar, 3 non. Jul. 1834, 33t. 22. Richard Stevenson, M.A. fellow, born at Barton, Notting- hamshire, 14 cal. Nov. 1811, died there 4 cal. Dec. 1837. Buried at Barton. John Wordsworth, M.A. fellow, son of Christopher Words- worth, D.D., master, and nephew of William Wordsworth the great poet, born cal. Jul. 1805, died prid. cal. Jan. 1840. Bust by H. Weekes. Richard Sheepshanks, M.A. fellow, born 30 Jul. 1794, died 14 Aug. 1855. Bust by Foley. Arthur Thacker, [M.A. fellow], 25 Jan. 1857, aet. 43. There was also formerly against the north wall of the antechapel a large monument to Thomas Seckford, student (son and heir of sir Thomas Seckford, knight, and lady Anne, his wife, and grandson of Henry Seckford, esq.), 26 June, 1624, set. 16. On this monument, now placed in the vestry, and hidden behind a frame for surplices, is the recumbent figure of the deceased in a fellow commoner's gown, under a canopy supported by Corinthian columns, and adorned with coats of arms, pyramids, allegorical figures, and other embellishments. X2 324 TRINITY COLLEGE. Four of the windows of the antechapel are filled with stained glass. The upper lights of the second window from the west on the south side represent the woman at the well of Samaria. This is in commemoration of Richard Pike Mate, M.A. fellow, vicar of "Wymes- would, Leicestershire, born 11 Mar. 1818, died 6 Jul. 1856. The lower lights, which represent Mary at the sepulchre, commemorate Robert Leslie Ellis, M.A. fellow, born 25 Aug. 1817, died 12 May, 1859. The upper lights of the third window from the west on the south side represent the calling of James and John, in commemoration of James Hemery, M.A. fellow, dean of Jersey, who died 22 Nov. 1849, set. 35. The lower lights contain Martha and Mary, in honour of George Herbert, the poet, fellow of this college, and public orator of the university. Herbert is represented in atten- dance on our Saviour, and underneath are the fol- lowing lines: Whereas my birth and spirit rather took The way that takes the town ; Thou didst betray me to a lingering book, And wrap me in a gown. Yet, for I threaten'd oft the siege to raise, Not simpering all mine age, Thou often didst with Academic praise Melt and dissolve my rage. ( ) The fourth window from the west on the south side, which contains figures of S. Peter, S. Andrew, (a) The Temple, xvin. Affliction. TRINITY COLLEGE. 325 S. James, S. John the Evangelist, S. Matthew, S. Mark, S. Luke, and S. John the Baptist, is in commemoration of the following deceased fellows : John Henry Kenouard, M.A. [vicemaster] 1830, get. 71. Robert Hodgson Greenwood, M.A. 5 Dec. 1839, aet. 70. Alexander Frederick Merivale, M.A. 11 June, 1841, set. 26. Alexander Chishokn Gooden, B.A. 22 Aug. 1841, set. 23. Henry Goulburn, M.A. 8 June, 1843, jet. 30. George Adam Browne, M.A. [vicemaster] 4 July, 1843, set. 68. Duncan Farquharson Gregory, M.A. 23 Feb. 1844, aet. 30. William Joseph Bayne, M.D. born 1796, died 13 June, 1844. The third window from the west on the north side contains in the upper lights the marriage at Cana in Galilee, commemorative of the marriage of Dr. Whewell, master, and lady Affleck, 1 July, 1858. Choral service is performed in this chapel on Sundays and holidays. In full term, by candle- light, the effect is particularly grand and impres- sive. THE HALL is nearly one hundred and two feet in length, forty feet three inches in breadth, and about fifty-six feet in height. It is a striking structure, although not free from the architectural anomalies which characterise the general decline of the gothic style. It is supported by buttresses. On either side towards the northern end is a bay window of noble proportions. In the high open roof of timber is a good and lofty louvre, underneath which in the winter season a charcoal fire is still burnt. 336 TRINITY COLLEGE. HALL AND COMBINATION ROOMS (FROM LOGGAN). At the southern end is an elaborately carved screen (over which is a gallery). Wainscoting of a similar description, though much plainer, surrounds the sides and northern end of the apartment. (a) The following full-length portraits are suspended at the northern end and on either side of the hall : Presented by Samuel Presented by Sir Isaac Newton, by Valentine Rltz. Knight, M.A. fellow, 1752. Dr. Barrow, master, copy by T. Hudson. Edmund D. Garforth/*) 1752. Dr. Robert Smith, master, by J. Freeman. Bequeathed by Edward Howkins, B.D. fellow, 1779. Cowley, copy by Stephen Slaughton. Presented by the lion. Thomas Townshend, M.P. 1752. Bishop Pearson, copy by Isaac Whood, 1752. (a) Andrew Chapman was the artificer employed to wainscot the hall, 1604. (6) This gentleman who had been a fellow of the college was named Dring until 1746, when he assumed that of Garforth on succeeding to the estates of his maternal uncle William Garforth, esq. He was in holy orders, and dying 6 Feb. 1761, set. 60, was buried in S. Martin's Micklegate, York. TKINITY COLLEGE. 327 John Ray, copy by T. Hudson. Presented by Richard Ray, esq. 1752. Sir Edward Coke, copy by Isaac Whood. Presented by Thomas earl of Leicester, 1752. Thomas earl of Macclesfield, lord high chancellor. Pre- sented by George earl of Macclesfield, 1752. Jeremy Radcliffe, D.D. Presented by Ralph Radcliffe, esq. 1762. Sir Henry Spelman, copy by Isaac Whood. Presented by John Colbatch, B.D. 1752. William, lord Russell, copy by Isaac Whood. Presented by John duke of Bedford, 1753. Bishop Wilkins, copy by Isaac Whood. John Dryden, copy by T. Hudson. Presented by Roger Pettiward,( a) D.D. fellow, 1753. Prince William Frederick of Gloucester, set. 6, (afterwards duke of Gloucester), by Reynolds. Bequeathed by the Princess Sophia of Gloucester. Dr. Bentley, master, by T. Hudson. Presented by Edmund D. Garforth, 1749. Lord Bacon. Presented by Samuel Knight, M.A. fellow, 1752. Busts of the ancients are placed on brackets on the sides of the hall. There are numerous coats of arms (6) in the windows. (a) Formerly Mortlock. (6) Amongst them are the arms of: archbishop Bancroft; William John Bankes, esq. M.P. ; sir Francis Barrington; Isaac Barrow, M.D. ; Henry Bellasis, esq. of Newborough; bishop Blomfield; sir William Holland ; John Brown, M.A. ; William Spencer Cavendish, duke of Devonshire ; Robert Cecil, earl of Salisbury; sir Gervase Clifton, bart.; sir Clifton, knt. (fellow commoner, 1567) ; sir Edward Coke ; Charles lord Compton ; Spencer J. A. Compton, marquess of Northampton ; John Singleton Copley, lord Lyndhurst; John Cust, earl of Brownlow; sir John Cutts; Henry Darley, esq. ; Laurence Dundas, earl of Zetland ; sir Thomas Egerton, afterwards viscount Brackley; Sylvius Elwes, M.A. ; Thomas, lord Erskine ; Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, marquess of Lansdowne ; Augustus Henry Fitzroy, duke of Grafton ; lord Charles Fitzroy ; George Henry Fitzroy, earl of Boston, afterwards duke of Grafton ; lord Henry Fitzroy ; Martin Fotherby, D.D. afterwards bishop of Salisbury ; John Furtho, M.D. ; Thomas 328 TKINITY COLLEGE. One window also contains an ancient full-length figure of Richard duke of York. In another is a small portrait of queen Anne. From the large number of the members of the college, this spacious hall has been for some years past found insufficient to allow the whole society to dine at the same time. THE COMBINATION ROOMS southward of the hall, are handsome well-arranged apartments. In the larger of them are the following portraits : Sir Isaac Newton, by Murray. H.K.H. William Frederick duke of Gloucester, by Opie. Furtho; H.R.H. William Frederick, duke of Gloucester; sir John Gray, knt. ; sir Fulke Greville, afterwards lord Brooke; John Hammond, M.D., 1618; sir Percival Hart; Martin Heton, bishop of Ely; John Higgs, B.D., senior fellow ; bishop Hinchliffe ; Robert Hitch, D.D. ; Henry Howard, earl of Northampton; sir Robert Jermyn; sir Thomas Lake; William Lamb, viscount Melbourne ; Ralph J, Lambton, esq. ; William Henry Lambton, esq. ; James Prince Lee, bishop of Manchester; Thomas Legge, LL.D. ; Richard Lovelace, 1605; William Lowther, esq.; William Lowther, earl of Lonsdale ; lord Lyttleton ; John Henry Manners, duke of Rutland ; Thomas Metcalfe; John Millicent, esq., 1599; bishop Monk; archbishop Musgrave ; Richard Newbon, B.D., senior fellow ; sir James Parke, now lord Wensley- dale ; Thomas Parker, earl of Macclesfield ; Thomas Holies Pelham, duke of Newcastle; Charles Perry, bishop of Melbourne; Samuel Peck, M.A., senior fellow ; Charles Christopher Pepys, earl of Cottenham ; right hon. William Pitt ; sir Thomas Joshua Platt, baron of the exchequer ; sir Frederick Pollock, chief baron of the exchequer; John Jeffreys Pratt, mar- quess of Camden : William Roberts, D.D. fellow ; sir Robert Monsey Rolfe, now lord Cranworth; Thomas Spring-Rice, lord Monteagle; Francis Russell, second earl of Bedford; George John earl Spencer; Thomas Spencer, M.A., senior fellow; sir Edward Stanhope, LL.D.J sir Michael Stanhope ; lord Stawel ; bishop Still ; Charles Richard Sumner, bishop of Winchester; Charles Manners Sutton, viscount Canterbury; H.R.H. Frederick Augustus, duke of Sussex ; Thomas Tharp, esq. fellow commoner, 1756; Connop Thirlwall, bishop of S. David's; William Thornhill, M.A. fellow; Edmund Thorold, esq.; sir Nicholas Conyngham Tindal; Dr. Whewell, master; Joseph Cotton AVigram, bishop of Rochester; sir John Williams ; George Willmer, esq. ; Dr. Wordsworth, master ; sir Robert Wroth; and Philip Yorke, third earl of Hardwicke. TRINITY COLLEGE. 329 The marquess of Camden, chancellor of the university, by Lawrence. John marquess of Granby, by Reynolds. Presented by his son Charles marquess of Granby, afterwards duke of Rutland. H.R.H. Frederick Augustus, duke of Sussex, by Lonsdale. George Henry duke of Grafton, 1814, by Lawrence. Charles Montagu, earl of Halifax, by Kneller. Charles duke of Somerset, copy by Dance. Presented by Charles marquess of Granby, afterwards duke of Rutland. The chandelier was presented in 1809 by Charles Shaw Lefevre, (a) esq., sometime fellow. In the smaller combination-room are portraits of : Isaac Hawkins Browne, by Highmore. Queen Victoria. On ivory, by sir William Ross, R.A. Pre- sented by Charles Bayles Broadley, LL.D., 1847. Dr. Neville, master. Thomas Sclater King, esq. Dr. Preston, bishop of Leighlin and Ferns. Jonathan Raine, esq. Sir Isaac Newton, by Vanderbank. Presented by Dr. Robert Smith, master, 1766. Matthew Raine, D.D. James Jurin, M.D. Rev. Thomas Jones, M.A. Rev. Adam Sedgwick, M.A., Woodwardian professor, by Boxall. Rev. James Lambert, M.A., Regius professor of greek, by Daniel Gardner. H.R.H. the Prince Consort, chancellor of the university. On ivory, by sir William Ross, E.A. Presented by Dr. Broadley, 1847. Over the door is a bust of bishop Thirlwall, be- queathed by archdeacon Hare. (a) Mr. Lefevre, who was for several years M.r. for Reading, graduated as Shaw. He died 27 April, 1823. 330 TRINITY COLLEGE. PIAZZA UNDER LIBRAEY. THE LIBEAEY. The old library, which was on the northern side of the great court, between king Edward's tower and the master's lodge, being found insufficient to contain the numerous volumes acquired by the society, it was in Dr. Barrow's mastership resolved to erect a more spacious library on the western side of Neville's court. A large sum having been raised by subscript! on, (a) the present library was built from a design of sir Christopher Wren, who (a) The names of the subscribers and the amount of their contributions will be found at pp. 266-272. They are now for the first time published. It is said that the numerous letters which Dr. Barrow wrote soliciting subscrip- tions are preserved. We are however assured that they cannot now be traced. It is also said that they discover a wonderful fertility of invention in vary- ing the manner of address to the persons whom he solicited. Mr. Harts- home (Book Rarities of Cambridge, 274, 275), gives (from MS. Baker) as a specimen an application from the master and seniors to some member of the college whose name does not appear. Therein it is stated, that the applicants had been able by their own private contributions and by the assistance of many noble benefactors and friends to erect and cover the building. It is evident therefore, that this letter must have been written in Dr. North's mastership. TKINITY COLLEGE. 331 gave his services gratuitously. (a) It was commenced during Dr. Barrow's mastership, and completed during the masterships (6) of his immediate successors Dr. North and Dr. Montagu. (c) The total cost ex- ceeded 20,000. It is one of the most superb structures of the kind (a) The builder was John Grumbold, a native of Raundes in Northamp- tonshire. Bridge's Northamptonshire, ii. 188. (b) " When the Doctor entered upon the mastership of Trinity College, the building of the great library, begun by his immediate predecessor Dr. Barrow, was advanced about three-quarters of the height of the outward wall ; and the doctor most heartily and diligently applied his best forces towards carrying it onj and, besides his own contributions, most of his friends and relations, upon his encouragement, became benefactors ; the particulars whereof will appear in the accounts of that noble structure. The tradition of this undertaking runs thus : They say that Dr. Barrow pressed the heads of the university to build a theatre ; it being a profanation and scandal that the speeches should be had in the university church, and that also be deformed with scaffolds, and defiled with rude crowds and outcries. This matter was formally considered at a council of the heads ; and argu- ments of difficulty and want of supplies went strong against it. Dr. Barrow assured them that if they made a sorry building, they might fail of contri- butions; but if they made it very magnificent and stately, and, at least, exceeding that at Oxford, all gentlemen, of their interest, would generously contribute; it being what they desired, and little less than required of them ; and money would not be wanted as the building went up, and occa- sion called for it. But sage caution prevailed, and the matter, at that time, was wholly laid aside. Dr. Barrow was piqued at this pusillanimity, and declared that he would go straight to his college, and lay out the founda- tions of a building to enlarge his back court, and close it with a stately library, which should be more magnificent and costly than what he had proposed to them, and doubted not but, upon the interest of his college, in a short time to bring it to perfection. And he was as good as his word ; for that very afternoon he, with his gardeners and servants, staked out the very foundation upon which the building now stands ; and Dr. North saw the finishing of it, except the classes, which were forward, but not done, in his time; and divers benefactions came in upon that account; wherewith, and the liberal supply from the college, the whole is rendered complete ; and the admirable disposition and proportion on the inside is such as touches the very soul of any one who first sees it." Royer North's Life of Hon. and Rev. John North. (c) The building was commenced 23 Feb. 1675-6. In 1678, the rooms over the eight arches next the library in the north cloister were 332 TRINITY COLLEGE. in the kingdom. The elevation towards Neville's court is divided into two stories of the doric and ionic orders. The principal part of the lower story forms a piazza, which has massy piers on the east, a wall pierced with three doors and unglazed windows on the west, and a row of doric columns in the centre. The upper story has towards Neville's court spacious arched windows and a balustrade. Over the four centre columns are emblematical figures of Divinity, Law, Physic, and Mathematics, executed by Gabriel Gibber. Various parts of this front are decorated with wreaths, masks, and other appro- priate carvings, amongst which is a basso relievo of Ptolemy receiving the scriptures from the seventy interpreters. The western elevation towards the walks is plainer. The lower story has three door- ways with attached doric columns and entablatures, and the upper story large arched windows in recesses, the whole being surmounted by a balustrade. The noble staircase has a domed roof, decorated with boldly carved arms of bishop Pearson, Dr. Barrow, Dr. North, and Dr. Montagu, successively masters of the college. At the foot of the staircase are some antique marbles, a great part of which were collected by sir Robert Cotton. There are also finished, those next the library out of the library subscriptions, and those next to them to the east, at the expence of sir Thomas Sclater. On 7 May, 1681, the four statues by Gabriel Cibber, and for which he received 80. were placed on the top of the library. In 1681-2 the rooms over the eight arches next the library in the south cloister were built, those adjoin- ing the library out of the library subscriptions, the others at the expence of Dr. Humphrey Babington. In February, 1684-5, the library was ceiled. In 1686 the floor was put down. In 1687-8 it was paved. In 1695 the books were removed from the old library. STATUE OF LORD BYRON IN THE LIBRARY. TRINITY COLLECt TRINITY COLLEGE. 333 busts of Edward Wortley Montagu, by Scheemakers, and of Alfred Tennyson, the poet laureate, and the rev. professor Sedgwick, both by T. Woolner. The beauty of the interior is universally acknow- ledged. It is one hundred and ninety-four feet in length, forty-two in breadth, and thirty-seven in height. Corinthian pilasters are placed at either end, and on each side between the numerous lofty arched windows are bookcases of norway oak with most exquisite carvings in lime, by Grinling Gibbons. The bookcases on the western side are adorned with the arms, crest, and cypher of Charles duke of Somerset. On those upon the opposite side are the arms of various other benefactors. (a) The roof is remarkable for its noble simplicity. The floor is of white and black marble in alternate squares. Towards the southern end of the library is placed Thorwaldsen's beautiful statue of lord Byron. The following busts are placed round the room : Willoughby, (by Roubiliac). (ft ) Presented by Edmund Garforth, M.A. 1751. Dr. Anthony Shepherd, (by J. Bacon, R.A.). (0) Viz., bishops Hacket and Pearson, doctors Barrow and Montagu, sir Thomas Abdy, sir Robert Hildyard, Dr. George Chamberlaine, sir Henry Newton Puckering, and Mr. Drake. There is another coat which we have failed to identify. (1) Chantrey speaking of Roubiliac's busts in this library observed : " Those busts impressed me at once with veneration for the genius of the artist: I know of no works of that kind which may safely be compared to them. They have a manly air and vigorous freedom of manner, which proves to me that he treated them rather in the manner of heads of statues, than as domestic portraits, where fidelity of resemblance is more aimed at." Allan Cunningham's Lives of British Painters, Sculptors, and Architects, in. 57. 334 TRINITY COLLEGE. Sir William Bofland, (by Sievier). Charles, lord Whitworth, (by Roubiliac, 1757). Presented by Richard Whitworth, his grandson. Sir Robert Cotton, (by Roubiliac, 1757). Presented by Eliab Harvey. James Jurin, M.D. (by P. Scheemakers, 1766). Presented by James Jurin, his son. Dr. Bentley, master, (by Roubiliac, 1756). Presented by his sons. Lord Bacon (by Roubiliac, 1751). Presented by Daniel Lock, M.A. Sir Isaac Newton, (by Roubiliac, 1751). Presented by Daniel Lock, M.A. Dr. Barrow, master, (by Roubiliac, 1756). Presented by Edward Montagu, esq. Roger Cotes, (by P. Scheemakers, 1758). Presented by Dr. Robert Smith, master. Sir Edward Coke, (by Roubiliac, 1757). Presented by the earl of Leicester. Thomas lord Trevor, (by Roubiliac, 1757). Presented by Elizabeth, his widow, daughter of Charles duke of Marlborough. Dr. Robert Smith, master, (by P. Scheemakers, 1758). " Praesenti tibi matures largimur honores. A.D. 1758, aetat. 68." Archdeacon Hare, (by T. Woolner). Presented by the rev. Henry Montagu Butler, M.A. master of Harrow school. Ray, (by Roubiliac). Presented by Edmund Garforth, M.A. 1751. Over the bookcases are casts of busts of ancient and modern worthies. (a) The walls are adorned with portraits of: Roger Gale, esq. Beaupre Bell, esq. by R. H. Morland, 1738. (a) Homer, Virgil, Horace, Marcus Aurelius, Seneca, Brutus, Julius Caesar, Cicero, Demosthenes, Plato, Socrates, Democritus, Anacreon, Milton, L)ryden, Pope, Addison, Fletcher, Beaumont, Shakspere, Inigo Jones, Sydenham, Tillotson, Locke, Ben Johnson, Nollekens, and Dr. Francis Hooper. TRINITY COLLEGE. 335 Sir Henry Newton Puckering. Dr. Neville, master. Charles Montagu, earl of Halifax, by Kneller. Shakspere, by Mark Garrard. Cowley. Sir Robert Cotton. Sir Isaac Newton, by Vanderpuyl. Bishop Hacket, by Valentine Bitz. Dr. Barrow, master. Christopher Monk, duke of Albemarle. Thomas Gale, D.D., dean of York. In the northern window are the royal arms. The southern is occupied by stained glass, executed by Peckitt of York from a design of Cipriani. It represents Newton presented to George III., who is seated under a canopy with a laurel chaplet in his hand, and attended by the British Minerva, who is apparently advising the king to confer the meed of merit on Newton. Below the throne is Bacon in his chancellor's robes pre- paring to register the reward about to be bestowed on Newton. (a) There are niches on either side of this window. One of these niches is occupied by a statue, by Rysbrack, of Charles duke of Somerset, in roman costume. There are above fifty thousand volumes of printed books. The manuscripts are numerous and valuable. Many interesting relics of Newton are here pre- served, including his correspondence with Cotes. (6) (a) This anachronistic window, which contains nearly one hundred and forty square feet of glass, was one of the many gifts of Dr. Robert Smith, master, who bequeathed 500 for it. Cipriani was paid one hundred guineas for the design. (6) Newton's correspondence with Cotes was bequeathed to the college 336 TRINITY COLLEGE. Here also are preserved the original of Milton's Comus, Lycidas, and Arcades, and of several of his smaller pieces, with plans of Paradise Lost, com- posed when he intended to have made that subject the groundwork of a tragedy. (a) The valuable col- lection of books relating to Shakspere and his times, presented to the college in 1779, by Edward Capell, esq., is deposited in a lock-up case. (J) THE MASTER'S LODGE, situate on the western side of the great court, northward of the hall, is a spacious and commodious mansion, with a porch of Jacobean character. There are several grand apart- ments. Dr. Bentley in anticipation of the visit of George I., made considerable alterations, substituting wainscoting for old decayed tapestry, and putting in 1779 by Edward Howkins, B.D. sometime fellow. He also bequeathed a profile of Newton, a lock of his hair, and other objects of interest, together with the plates and wood-cuts belonging to works of Cotes and Dr. Robert Smith. The correspondence of Newton and Cotes was published with valuable notes by the rev. Joseph Edleston, M.A. fellow of this college, Lond. 8vo. 1850. A cast of Newton's face taken after death by Roubiliac is preserved here. It is engraved (from a photograph by the rev. W. T. Kingsley, B.D. of Sidney College) in Brewster's Memoirs of Newton, 2nd edition, ii. 338. (a) This extraordinary collection was formed by Charles Mason, fellow of this college (afterwards D.D. and Woodwardian professor), and presented in 1736 to the society by Thomas Clarke, esq., M.A. sometime fellow, (afterwards sir Thomas and master of the rolls). Cambridge Portfolio 507. Sir Thomas Clarke, who died 1764, ought to have been mentioned as one of the eminent men of the college. (6) A catalogue of Mr. CapelPs collection is given in Hartshorne 's Boole Rarities of Cambridge, 283319. We may here refer to a very useful compilation : An Index of such English Books printed before the year 1600, as are now in the library of Trinity college, Cambridge, to which is added, a list of the plays of Shakespeare, printed before 1623, in the Capell collection ; published with the permission of the rev. the master and fellows by Edward Cranwell, under librarian. Camb. 8vo. 1847. TRINITY COLLEGE. 337 in new floors and ceilings, as also marble chimney- pieces and sash windows. The cost was 2000. He subsequently made other improvements, and took in the old comedy house at the western end of the hall. Other improvements were made during the mastership of bishop Hansel. In 1845, at the sug- gestion and expence of Alexander James Beresford Hope, esq. M.P. the sash windows were removed, elegant gothic windows being substituted, and a large and handsome oriel window erected. In the entrance-hall is a statue of Edward VI. executed in 1767 at the cost of Dr. Robert Smith, master. Amongst numerous portraits in the various apart- ments, we may mention the following : Archbishop Bancroft. Lord Bacon. Presented by Peter Burrell, esq. 1751. Dr. Barrow, master. John Battely, D.D. Presented by Oliver Battely, 1752. Dr. Bentley, master, 1710, aet. 48. Mrs. Bentley. Robert Cecil, earl of Salisbury, E.G. Sir Edward Coke. Sir Robert Cotton, after Cornelius Jansen. Robert Devereux, earl of Essex, E.G. by Mark Garrard. King Edward III. King Edward VI. Elizabeth queen of Henry VII. Queen Elizabeth. Galileo. Presented by Dr. Robert Smith, master, 1759. King Henry VII. King Henry VIII., by Lucas de Heere>) Archbishop Laud. Bishop Mansel, master. (a) William Wordsworth has a fine sonnet on this picture. VOL. II. Y 338 TRINITY COLLEGE. Margaret countess of Richmond and Derby. Queen Mary. Mary queen of Scots. Sir Thomas More. Dr. Neville, master. Sir Isaac Newton, 1710, set. 79, by Thornhill. Presented by Dr. Bentley. Archbishop Parker, 1572, aet. 69. Dr. Pearce, bishop of Rochester, by Penny. Cardinal Pole. Person. Sir Walter Raleigh. J. J. Scaliger, by P. Veronese. Presented by Dr. Bentley. Ezekiel Spanheim, 1710, aet. 80. Presented by Dr. Bentley. Bishop Still, master. Sir Anthony Vandyke. Richard Walker, D.D. Stephen Whisson, B.D. fellow, by Vander Myn. Archbishop Whitgift, master. Cardinal Wolsey. Dr. Wordsworth, master. Sir Christopher Wray. WALKS AND GARDENS. The walks and gardens are extensive and beautiful. The bowling-green between the north-western end of the great court and S. John's, contains two roods, seven perches, and the master's garden one rood, thirty-nine perches. The walks which contain one acre, two roods, four perches eastward of the river, and six acres, two roods, thirty-seven perches westward of the river, are connected by a handsome stone cycloidal bridge, erected from the design of James Essex, F.S.A. These walks which were laid out in Dr. Neville's master- ship, were much improved in that of Dr. Bentley. Westward of the walks and separated therefrom TRINITY COLLEGE. 339 by the public road are meadows and pleasure-grounds, containing five acres, two roods, thirty-four perches. These are rented by the college of the university. MASTERSHIP, FELLOWSHIPS, AND SCHOLARSHIPS. The mastership is and always has been in the patronage of the sovereign. The master is by the statutes required to be a member of the church of England in holy orders, and M.A. M.L. M.D. or of some superior degree in the university. The fellows who are sixty in number, are required to be at the time of election members of the college who have attained the degree of B.A. B.L. or M.B. and whose standing after such degree does not exceed three years. If the master and seniors think fit, all members of the university of similar degrees and standing are eligible. The election of fellows takes place annually on the first of October. The eight senior fellows, jointly with the master, have the sole government of the society. All the fellows except two, are required to take priest's orders within seven years after they are of M.A. standing. There are seventy-two foundation scholarships and sixteen sizarships ; and six minor scholars are elected annually. The latter scholarships are open to all persons being twenty years of age, whether students of the university or not, who have not commenced residence in the university or are in the first term of their residence. They are tenable for three years, or until the scholar be elected to a foundation scholar- ship. There are also various exhibitions, including an astronomical exhibition of 50 per annum, established Y2 340 TRINITY COLLEGE. in 1858 by the representatives of the rev. Richard Sheepshanks, M.A. late fellow. When queen Elizabeth visited the university in August, 1564, the society consisted of the master, twenty-nine major fellows, eighteen minor fellows, fifty-three scholars, of whom twelve were B.A. the three Regius professors of divinity, hebrew, and greek, eleven feodaries, three schoolmasters appointed and paid by the college, two chaplains, two clerks, ten choristers, a registrar, a chapel-keeper, a man- ciple, two butlers, a barber, a porter, three servants for the master, a receiver general, an auditor, a steward of the courts, two counsellors at law, ten sub-collectors, a keeper of the swans, twenty alms- men of the founder, four almsmen of Mr. Allen, twenty- three fellow commoners, fifty-five pensioners, and twenty-six subsizars, in all three hundred and six. Dr. Caius states, that in 1573 there were the master, fifty-seven major fellows, three minor fellows, seventy-one scholars, five servants of the master, fourteen ministers of the college, one hundred and thirty-eight pensioners, and one hundred and ten sizars and subsizars, making a total of three hundred and ninety-three. In 1621, there were the master, sixty fellows, sixty-eight scholars, four chaplains or conducts, three public professors, thirteen poor scholars, a master of the choristers, six clerks, ten choristers, and twenty almsmen, these together with the remaining students and others not on the foundation, and officers and servants of the college, making a total of four hundred and forty. TRINITY COLLEGE. 341 In August, 1641, two hundred and seventy-seven members of this college contributed 27. Os. 6d. to a poll-tax. It is stated that in 1672, the college consisted of the master, sixty fellows, sixty-seven scholars, three public professors, four conducts, thirteen poor scholars, a master of the choristers, six secular clerks, and twenty bedesmen, besides exhibitioners, officers, and servants of the foundation, with many other students, being in all four hundred. Carter in 1753, states that the members of this college were a master, a vicemaster, sixty fellows (of which number is the vicemaster), and seventy-one scholars, the usual number of all sorts being about two hundred and forty. PATRONAGE. The college appoints the masters of the schools of Stevenage in Hertfordshire, and Uttoxeter and Stone in Staffordshire. The master- ship of Westminster school is in the appointment alternately of the master of this college and the dean of Christ church, Oxford. The benefices in the gift of the college, are the vicarages of Barford with Roxton, Cardington, Eaton Bray, Felmersham, Keysoe, Shitlington, and Stotfold in Bedfordshire ; the rectory of Great Loughton and the vicarage of Marsworth in Buckinghamshire; the perpetual curacies of S. Mary the great and S. Michael in Cambridge ; the vicarages of Arrington, Barrington, Bottisham, and Chesterton, the rectory of Orwell, the vicarage of Over, the rectory of Papworth Everard, and the vicarages of Shudy Camps and Trumpingtoii in Cambridgeshire ; the 342 TRINITY COLLEGE. vicarage of Gainford and the perpetual curacy of Barnard Castle in the county of Durham ; the vicarages of Bumpstead Helion and Hatfield Broad Oak in Essex ; the vicarages of Hitchin, S. Ippollitts with Great "Wymondley and Ware in Hertfordshire ; the vicarage of Wymeswould in Leicestershire; the vicarages of Little Cotes, East Ravendale, and Swineshead in Lincolnshire ; the vicarage of Enfield in Middlesex ; the rectories of Dickleburgh, Faken- ham, and Reepham with Kerdiston, in Norfolk ; the vicarage of Grendon in Northamptonshire; the vicarages of Blythe, Flintham, the curacies of Hoveringham cum Thurgarton, and Langford, with Holme vicarage, and the vicarages of Tuxford and Walkeringham, in Nottinghamshire; the rectory of Cheadle in Staffordshire ; the rectory of Grundis- burgh in Suffolk; the vicarage of Monks Kirkby with Withybroke in Warwickshire ; the vicarages of Heversham, Kendall, and Kirkby Lonsdale, in Westmorland ; the vicarage of Brading in the isle of Wight; the vicarage of Aysgartb, the perpetual curacies of Bawtry with Austerfield, and Coxwold, the vicarage of Darfield, the rectory of Gilling, the perpetual curacy of Husthwaite, the vicarages of Kellington, Masham with Kirby Malzeard, and Normanton, the perpetual curacy of Oversilton, and the vicarages of Pickhill, Sedbergh, and Whitkirk, in the county of York ; with the third turn of presen- tation to the rectory of Guisley in that county. OLD FRONT (FROM LOOGAN.) EMMANUEL COLLEGE. THIS college which has an extensive and handsome front towards S. Andrew's street, occupies the site of the house of the Dominican friars, who were sometimes called the black friars, but more commonly the preaching friars. A brief account of their house is therefore subjoined. THE HOUSE OF S. DOMINIC. The friars of the order of S. Dominic settled in Cambridge before 1240, for on the 17th of April in that year, king Henry III. by writ, commanded the sheriff of the county to permit the friars preachers of Cambridge to enclose the street which lay on the south part next their church for the enlargement of their cemetery, they giving up in recompence the like quantity in length and breadth of their own ground, it having been found by inquisition that this would not be to the damage of the town, but rather to the convenience thereof. 344 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. By an inquisition taken 7 Edw. I. [1278 or 1279], it was found that the friars preachers had a certain place where they dwelt and where their church was founded, which place contained in itself eight acres of land and more in length and breadth, in which place were accustomed to be divers mansions, in which many inhabited who were wont to be geldable and aiding to the town, that the friars had and held the said place in perpetual alms of purchase and of the gift of many, but of whom they had the place aforesaid, and whether they had confirmation of the king's ancestors or not, the jurors knew not. King Edward I. by writ tested at Broughton the 20th of March, in the twenty-first year of his reign [1292-3], commanded the sheriff to enquire if it would be to the damage or prejudice of him or of others, if he should grant to William de la Haye, that he two acres of land with the appurtenances in the suburbs of Cambridge, contiguous to the area of the prior and friars preachers of Cambridge, might give and assign to the same prior and friars for the enlargement of their aforesaid area. An inqui- sition being taken on the foregoing writ, it was found that the proposed gift and assignment would not be to the prejudice or damage of any, unless to the damage of the king, for that the aforesaid two acres of land were held of the king in chief by the service of one penny of hagabul for ever. It was also found that the aforesaid two acres were worth in all issues three shillings by the year. On the 16th of November, 21 Edw. I. [1293], Adam Eliot of Cam- bridge who sold these two acres to William de la EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 345 Haye, came into the exchequer and acknowledged himself to be bound to render to the king every year at the feast of S. Michael the rent of one penny per annum by the hands of the king's bailiffs of the town of Cambridge, for the aforesaid William of the same two acres which the friars then held. King Edward I. granted the friars twenty-five marks per annum. This grant was renewed from time to time by succeeding monarchs. Alice, daughter and heiress of Gilbert lord Saund- ford, and widow of Robert de Vere, fifth earl of Oxford, was a considerable benefactor to this house, and was honoured as the foundress. We find Philip Morgan, bishop of Ely, residing here 25th May, 1434. In 17 Hen. VII., the prior made a present of the prayers and suffrages of the house to the most puissant sir Gilbert Talbot, K.G., the lady Ethelred his wife and their family in life and death. The members of this house usually took degrees in divinity. In 1538, Gregory Dodds, B.D. prior and fifteen friars surrendered the house to king Henry VIII., and that monarch by letters patent, dated 16th of April in the thirty-fifth year of his reign [1544], granted the site and buildings to Edward Ellington and Humphrey Metcalfe, and the heirs of Ellington. (0) (a) 2 March, 36 Hen. VIII. [1544-5], Edward Elrington had the king's licence to alienate to William Sherwood. 1 Apr. 23 Eliz. [1581], George Sherwood had the queen's licence to alienate to Robert Taylor, esq., who, 3 April, 25 Eliz. [1583], had the queen's licence to alienate to Richard Culverwell and Laurence Chaderton, B.D. (afterwards first master of Emmanuel college.) 346 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. Numerous legacies were made to the friars at various periods. In 1356, Elizabeth, daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere, widow of sir Edmund le Mortimer, and wife of William Bohun, earl of Northampton, bequeathed 50 ; Elizabeth de Burgh, lady of Clare, in 1360 bequeathed 40s.; sir John Howard, in 1389 bequeathed five marks; John de Vere, thirteenth earl of Oxford, K.G. in 1513 be- queathed a chalice and other ornaments to this house, as having been one of the foundations of his an- cestors. We have but an imperfect list of the priors. John de Norwich, occurs 16th Feb. 1393-4; Robert Jullys, D.D. occurs 1510 ; John Pickering, B.D. occurs 1525, he was subsequently prior of the Dominicans at York, and being implicated in the rebellion termed the Pilgrimage of Grace, was executed at Tyburn, 25th May, 1537; Eobert Buckenham, D.D. occurs 1529, when he distinguished himself by preaching against Hugh Latimer in Cambridge, he was author of a MS. treatise De reconciliatione locorum Sacrag Scrip- turae; William Oliver was prior about 1533, and occurs in 1537 as prior of the Dominicans at Bristol; Gregory Dodds, B.D. the last prior, became dean of Exeter 1560, and died 1570. Amongst the eminent members were : Thomas de Ringstede, bishop of Bangor, died 1365-6. Thomas Dyss, confessor to Henry V. John Hilsey, bishop of Rochester, died 1538. John Hopton, bishop of Norwich, died 1558. John Hodgkin, suffragan bishop of Bedford, died 1560. John Scory, bishop of Hereford, died 1585. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 347 THE FOUNDEK. Walter Mildmay, born in or about 1522 at Chelmsford, was the fourth and youngest son of Thomas Mildmay, esq. auditor of the court of augmentations, and of his wife Agnes [Read]. He was educated in Christ's college, but appears not to have taken a degree. On leaving Cambridge he studied the law at Gray's inn, and was, we presume, called to the bar. After filling a subordinate position in the court of augmentations he was constituted one of the two surveyors general of that court on its reconstruction at the close of the reign of Henry VIII. He was knighted 22 Feb. 1546-7, two days after the coronation of Edward VI. The knights created on such occasions were usually termed knights of the carpet, to distinguish them from those who obtained the honour on account of service in the field. In the case of sir Walter Mild- may the appellation has, in one instance at least, led to the supposition that he was a knight of the garter, a dignity which, notwithstanding his worth and public services, was never conferred upon him. On the 14th of Sept. 1547 he, lord Saint John, lord Russell, and the earl of Warwick, were commissioned to make an inventory of the wardrobes and house- hold stuff which had belonged to Henry VIII. On the 30th of the same month a commission issued to lord Saint John, sir William Petre, sir Walter Mildmay, and Robert Keilway to examine and report upon the revenues of the crown. In March 1548 we find him acting at the head of a commission for the sale of lands which had pertained to dissolved chan- tries. On the 20th of June 1548 a commission issued 348 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. to him and Robert Keilway to take order for the main- tenance and continuance of grammar schools which had pertained to the chantries which had been dis- solved. On the 12th of November, 1549 he, sir William Herbert, and sir Edward North were appointed by the privy-council to enter into all the king's houses, studies, and wardrobes at Westminster which had been in the custody of the duke of Somerset before his apprehension. In 1550 he was in commission with the earl of Warwick and sir William Herbert to hear and determine all accounts and reckonings of all the king's mints within the realm. On the 29th of August in the same year he and sir Arthur Darcy were authorised by the council to repair to the king's palace at Westminster to oversee the delivery of plate apparel and goods by the executor of James Rufforth to sir Andrew Dudley, his successor in the office of keeper of that palace. About the same period he obtained from the crown a grant of manors and estates in Gloucestershire and Berkshire. We also find him possessed of the site of the priory of Bicknacre in Essex. On the 8th of March 1550-1 he and sir John Gate were empowered to take charge of the plate jewels apparel stuff and goods of the duke of Somerset remaining in his house of Sion at the time of his apprehension. On the 24th of April 1551 the king granted him (in exchange for manors and lands in Gloucestershire, Berkshire, Devon, Bucks, and Essex) the manors of Apethorp, Wadenho, Wood Newton, Tansover, and Yarwell, and other lands in the counties of Northampton and Oxford. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 349 In or about December 1551 he occurs in a com- mission to survey the state of all the courts erected for the custody of the king's lands, or for the collection of the rents and revenues thereof; and a mint having been established by royal authority at York, the settlement of the necessary articles relating thereto was entrusted to him. On the 2nd of January 1551-2 he was in a commission for levying the king's debts. On the 21st of November 1552 he was in a commission to make due allowances to the accountants of the crown in respect of a fall in the value of money. In December 1552 he was a member of commissions issued to take accounts of all monies, securities, victuals, and provisions received by the king's officers, and to enquire how the king had been satisfied of the lead, bell-metal, plate, jewels, ornaments, stock and store-goods, which had come to the crown by the dissolution of monasteries, colleges, and chantries, or by attainder or forfeiture. A grant from the king to him of manors, lands, and tenements in the counties of Cornwall, Essex, Huntingdon, and Northampton, and in the city of London passed the great seal at or shortly before this period. On 16th of January 1552-3 his name occurs in a special commission for collection of the goods, plate, jewels, bells, and ornaments of churches. He sat for Maiden in the parliament of 1 March 1552-3, and for the city of Peterborough in that which met 5 Oct. 1553. In 3 & 4 Philip & Mary he obtained a confirmation of king Edward's grant of his Nor- thamptonshire estates. When Calais was besieged by the French, queen Mary constituted him treasurer 350 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. of the forces intended to be dispatched for its relief. His appointment was made on the 9th of Jan. 1557-8, but before the end of the month, that place having fallen, he had the queen's directions to come back to England. He was returned as one of the knights for Northamptonshire to the parliament which met 20 Jan. 1557, and represented that county during the remainder of his life. On the 18th of July 1558 he obtained from Philip and Mary a grant of the manor of Queen's Camel, and other lands in the county of Somerset. He was treasurer of the household to queen Elizabeth, but we have not succeeded in ascertaining the date of his appointment to that office. Imme- diately after the accession of that sovereign, he was actively employed in important matters connected with the revenues of the crown. On the 22nd of December 1558 the privy-council directed him to convene all the queen's auditors, and such other persons as he might deem necessary, in order to ascertain the names of all the farmers of the royal revenues, and especially of all the copyholders westward. He was required to make a book thereof out of hand, and to send the same to court with all convenient speed. His name was inserted in a commission which issued two days afterwards to ascertain what lands had been granted from the crown in the reign of queen Mary. In or about January 1558-9 he was in a commission for the examination and audit of the accounts of Andrew Wise, esq. vice-treasurer of Ireland. A commission which issued about the same time for survey of the office of treasurer of EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 351 the chamber, also contains the name of sir Walter Mildmay. On the 28th of March 1559 he, lord Robert Dudley, and others were appointed to treat and compound with such persons as, being duly qualified to take the order of knighthood, refused to do so. On the 13th of September following he was in the commission for the exchange of bishopric lands. He was also in a commission issued 29 Oct. 1560 to direct the proceedings of the mint, and to expedite the issue of the new coinage. Soon afterwards we find him acting under another commission to prevent the transportation of base testons to Ireland. His new-year's gift to the queen in 1561 was 5. in demi-angels, in a purse of red silk and gold knit, in return for which he received from her majesty a gilt cup and cover weighing 14 J oz. Before 1563, but at what precise time does not appear, he pur- chased the manor of Lesthorp in Leicestershire. In May 1563 he was in a commission for sale of crown lands. In or shortly before December 1565 the queen accredited him and lord Lumley as her am- bassadors to the Scottish court, but circumstances arose which prevented their journey. Immediately after the death of sir Richard Sack- ville, which occurred 21 April, 1566, sir Walter Mildmay was appointed to succeed him as chancellor of the exchequer. He was one of the committee of the house of commons appointed 30 Oct. 1566 to manage the conference with the lords touching a petition to the queen for her marriage. In October 1569 we find him advising her majesty as to the course to be taken with Mary queen of Scots. His 352 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. opinions on the matter at that time differed ma- terially from those which he was subsequently led to entertain. In October 1570 he and sir William Cecil were dispatched to the queen of Scots at Chatsworth. On the 13th they delivered to her certain articles, to which an answer was not sent till several months afterwards. We find him, in or about the same year, in a commission for the survey and regulation of the office of ordnance. On the 3rd of August 1571 he obtained from the queen a grant of lands, woods, coppices, and privileges within the forest of Rock- ingham. On the 24th of November following he was in a commission for the repayment of certain privy- seal loans. Notwithstanding he had been engaged in getting up the evidence against Thomas duke of Norfolk, that nobleman, after he was condemned, gave to sir Walter Mildmay as his friend, his trunk crystal glass, another of beryl trimmed with gold, and his gold spoons with pearls. In 1572 he was one of the queen's commissioners to treat with the commissioners of France touching Mary queen of Scots. His name also occurs in a commission, issued 21 April 1573, for enquiry as to ships goods and merchandise belonging to subjects of the king of Spain, and in commissions of oyer and terminer for London, Middlesex, and Northamptonshire, dated 21 October in the same year. On the 3rd of April, 1574, a commission was directed to lord Burghley and sir Walter Mildmay to manumit persons bond in blood and regardant to .(4 < I EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 353 the queen's manors and possessions, with their child- ren and sequels. In the same month he, Francis Walsingham, and others settled a controversy between the officers of the county palatine of Chester, and the mayor and aldermen of the city of Chester. In November 1576 he and others were deputed by the privy-council to enquire and report as to the conduct of William Fleetwood, the recorder of London, who had disturbed the performance of mass in the residence of the Portuguese ambas- sador at Charterhouse. At new-year's tide, 1577-8, he gave the queen 10 in gold, and she gave him in return 27^ oz. of gilt plate. Similar presents were given and received by him in succeeding years. On the death of sir Nicholas Bacon it was generally thought that sir Walter Mildmay would have been appointed as lord-chancellor or lord-keeper. In September 1580 we find it stated that he and lord Hunsdon were about to proceed on an embassy to Scotland. It does not appear that the design was carried out. In or about May 1581 he, the vice-chamberlain and the two secretaries of state were sent by the house of commons to the queen to move her respecting the negligence of the bishops, and the abuses in the ecclesiastical courts. It is said that he went on an embassy to Scotland in 1582. The statement is probably erroneous. In that year we find him and lord Btirghley appointed to examine William lord Vaux of Harrowdeii and sir Thomas Tresham, who were charged with having entertained Edmund Campian the Jesuit, and with having been privy to his treasonable designs. In VOL. II. Z 354 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. May 1583 he and the earl of Shrewsbury were sent to Mary queen of Scots, at Sheffield castle, respect- ing the offers made to her by queen Elizabeth, and to require explanations touching the same. In July that year we again meet with a statement that he and lord Hunsdon were about to be sent on an embassy to Scotland. On 7 Dec. 1583 his name occurs in the special commission of oyer and terminer for Warwickshire and Middlesex, under which John Somervylle and others were tried for high treason. In 1584 sir Walter Mildmay founded this college. Coming to court soon afterwards, the queen said to him : " Sir Walter, I hear you have erected a puritan foundation," he replied: "No, madam, far be it from me to countenance anything contrary to your established laws, but I have set an acorn, which, when it becomes an oak, God alone knows what will be the fruit thereof." In that year he visited Cambridge, when the townsmen made him a present which cost 23s. 4J. In August he and Robert Beale were dispatched to the queen of Scots. Their negotiations were suddenly broken off by Elizabeth, on the allegation that the Guise family were forming a plan for the Scottish queen's deliverance. About November he and John Somers were appointed to have the custody of the queen of Scots during the temporary absence of the earl of Shrewsbury. A curious case occurred about this time. Henry Caesar, afterwards dean of Ely, was charged in the star-chamber with having defamed sir Walter Mildmay EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 355 by asserting 1 that he "was desirouse to see Cardinall Poole after his death, and that one, by conjuration', cawsed the said cardinall to appeare unto sir Walter. Then the conjuror asked of sir Walter Mildmay what he did see, and sir Walter answered him, a man much like the cardinall." Caesar was ordered to retract at the assizes or sessions in Cornwall, in which county he was then beneficed. His name occurs in the special commission of oyer and terminer for Middlesex, issued 20 Feb. 1584-5, under which William Parry, LL.D., was convicted of high treason, and in the like commission for Sussex, 7 Feb. 1585-6 for the trial of William Shelly, for the same offence. In October 1586 he was once more dispatched to the queen of Scots with sir Amias Paulet and Edward Barker. They delivered to her certain letters from Elizabeth, but she refused to answer, and protested her innocence. Sir Walter Mildmay was appointed one of her judges in the commission issued in the same month for her trial at Fotheringay castle. He took a leading part in the star-chamber on 28 March 1587, when the unfortunate and ill-used William Davison was brought before that tribunal. About the same period important matters res^ pecting the revenues of the cathedral of Norwich were referred to him and lord Burghley for adjustment. We also find him engaged in composing differences between the bishop and the dean and chapter of Peterborough. We presume that he again visited Cambridge in 1588, when the treasurers' of the town charge Z2 356 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 455. lie?, for a present given to him by the com- mandment of the mayor and council. He held the office of auditor of the duchy of Lancaster, but it does not appear when he was appointed thereto. His death occurred at Hackney 31 May 1589, and he was buried in the chancel of S. Bartholomew the great in London, where is a very fair tomb having this short and sufficient epitaph : Virtute non vi. Mors nobis lucrura. Hie jacet Gualterus Mildmay, Miles, et Maria uxor ejus. Ipse obiit ultimo die Maii 1589. Ipsa decimo sexto die Martii 1576. Reliquerunt duos filios et tres filias. Fundavit Collegium Emanuelis Cantabrigiae. Moritur Cancellarius et Sub-thesau- rarius Scaccarii, et Regiae Majestati a Consiliis. His wife was daughter of William Walsingham, esq., (by Joyce, daughter of Edmund Denny baron of the exchequer), and sister of sir Francis Walsing- ham: his children were, sir Anthony, sometime ambassador to France, who died 1617; Humphrey, of Danbury place in Essex ; Winifred, wife of sir William Fitzwilliam of Gains park Essex ; Martha, wife of sir William Brouncker; and Christian, wife successively of Charles Barrett of Aveley in Essex, and sir John Leveson of Kent, knight. He is author of: 1. Opinion concerning the keeping of the queen of Scots at Windsor castle 26 Oct. 1579. In Burnet's History of the Reformation, Records, part ii, book iii, n *xii. 2. Speech in the house of commons on a motion EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 357 for the grant of a subsidy to her majesty, 9 Feb. 1575-6. In Parl. Hist. iv. 208-215. Of. MS. Cott. Titus, C. viii. lib. 3. Speech in the house of commons on her majesty's message for the discharge of Peter Went- worth, esq. 12 March 1575-6. In Parl. Hist. iv. 215-217. 4. Speech concerning the proposed marriage of queen Elizabeth to the due d' Anjou, 6 Oct. 1579. Notes in Murdin's State Papers, 332. 5. Speech in the house of commons on a motion for securing the kingdom against the pope and his adherents, 24 Jan. 1581-2. In Parl. Hist. iv. 240-250. 6. Part of a discourse concerning the state of the low-countries upon the death of the prince of Orange 1584. MS. Cott. Cal. C. ix. 47. 7. Statuta pro administratione Collegii Emman- uelis 1 Oct. 1585; ... Dec. 1587; ult. Feb. 1587-8. In Univ. & Coll. Doc. iii. 483-526. 8. Speech in the star-chamber on the censure of William Davison, esq. 28 March 1587. In Howell's State Trials, i. 1233-1235, 1246; and in Nicolas's Life of W. Davison, 314-317, 339. 9. Speech in the house of commons on a bill for regulating abuses in the exchequer, 17 Feb. 1588-9. In Parl. Hist. iv. 326. 10. Latin poems printed after his death. They seem to be now unknown. Sir John Harington in his Orlando Furioso, b. 22, p. 175, gives one stanza with his own translation. 11. Letters. Many of these are printed. 358 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. This college is a perpetual monument of his high regard for literature. He was one of the original governors of the free grammar school established at Chelmsford in March 1550-1, and gave an annuity of 52s. to Christ's hospital in London, by deed dated 10 April 1556. To Christ's college he, by deed dated 10 March 1568-9, gave 20 a-year, payable out of the manor of Farcet co. Huntingdon, for the foun- dation of a greek lectureship and six scholarships, and for an annual stipend to a preacher. In 1575 he gave stone for completing the tower of Great S. Mary's and he warmly encouraged the foundation of the free school at Middleton in Lancashire. Besides the portraits of sir Walter Mildmay at this college, there is a portrait of him at Moulsham hall near Chelmsford. His portrait has been engraved by J. Faber and E. Harding. To another print of him no engraver's name is attached. Arms: Per fess nebule argent and sable, three greyhounds' heads couped counterchanged collared gules, studded or. THE FOUNDATION. Queen Elizabeth by her charter dated llth of January, in the 26th year of her reign> [1583-4] empowered sir Walter Mildmay, his heirs, executors, and assigns for the propagation of the pure gospel of Christ, and in praise and honour of Almighty God, to erect, found, and establish for all time to endure, a certain college of sacred theology, the sciences, philosophy and good arts, of one master and thirty fellows and scholars graduate or non-grad- uate, or more or fewer, according to the ordinances and statutes of the same college, (to be made and EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 359 established by sir Walter, his heirs, executors, or assigns) in the town and university of Cambridge, in the capital messuage or house there with the appurtenances, known by the name of the house or priory of the friars preachers, commonly called the Blacke Friers, within or near the town of Cambridge, such college to be called the college of Emmanuel. Ample power was given to sir Walter Mildmay, his heirs, &c. to appoint the master, fellows, and scholars, who were duly incorporated and em- powered to sue and be sued. The college was soon afterwards established ac- cordingly by sir Walter Mildmay, who gave a code of statutes, bearing date 1 October, 1585. Supple- mental statutes were given by him in December 1587, and on the last day of February 1587-8. It is a remarkable circumstance that during the commonwealth no less than eleven heads of other colleges in this university came from this house. (a) In 1650 this college and Sidney college were admitted into the cycle for the nomination of proctors, taxors, and scrutators. (b) On 4 July, 1729 king George II. granted a licence to the college to acquire in mortmain lands and other hereditaments, to the yearly value of 500. (a) viz. Lazarus Seaman, master of Peterhouse; Theophilus Dillingham, master of Clare hall ; AVilliam Dell, master of Caius college ; Benjamin AVhichcote, provost of King's college ; Thomas Horton, president of Queen's college ; William Spurstow, master of Catharine hall ; John Worthington, master of Jesus college ; Anthony Tuckney, master of S. John's college ; Ralph Cudworth, master of Christ's college ; John Sadler, master of Mag- dalen college ; and Thomas Hill, master of Trinity college. (i) An attempt to get this college a place in the cycle, was made as early as 8 July, 1586. 360 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. The society on the 29th of September, 1784, cele- brated its two hundredth anniversary. After a sermon and Te Deum in the chapel, a latin speech was delivered in commemoration of the founder and benefactors, and an anthem was sung. A splendid dinner was given in the hall, of which about one hundred and fifty partook. The earl of Westmorland the foun- der's representative and Mr. Pitt were present. New statutes for the government of the society passed the common seal of the university com- missioners 16 May, and 4 August, 1860. BENEFACTORS. Queen Elizabeth endowed the college with the yearly rent of 16. 13s. 4c?. ; Henry Harvey, LL.D. master of Trinity hall, devised a house called the Chalice, in S. Andrew's, Cambridge ; Edward Leeds, LL.D. master of Clare hall, gave one thousand marks to the fabric ; sir Francis Walsingham, secretary of state, and brother-in-law of the founder, gave the advowson of Thurcaston in Leicestershire; Henry Hastings, earl of Hunt- ingdon, K.G. gave the advowsons of North Cadbury and Aller in Somersetshire, Loughborough in Leices- tershire, and Piddleton (a) in Dorsetshire ; Joyce Frankland, widow, gave 40 ; sir Thomas Skyimer, alderman of London, gave 8 per annum ; Thomas Smythe, esq. of Westerhanger in Kent, the royal customer, gave messuages in Gracechurch street, London; Thomas Popeson, M.A. sometime fellow of King's college, and the feoffees of the town lands of Bungay, gave the college the patronage of the free school at Bungay and a rent charge of 10 a year; (a) Owing to a flaw, the advowson of Piddleton was lost by the college. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 361 sir Robert Jerinyn, of Ruskbrooke in Suffolk, settled 8 per annum; sir Wolstan Dixie, alderman of London, contributed 650 to the fabric, and founded fellowships and scholarships; lady Mary Dixie, his wife, founded greek and hebrew lectureships; John Titley, having by will expressed a design of estab- lishing a fellowship or scholarship in this college, his widow, in 1595 by will left 130 to the cor- poration of King's Lynn, for exhibitions in this house ; sir Henry Killigrew gave 140 in order that part of S. Nicholas' hostel might be converted into lodgings for Laurence Chaderton, the first master of this college; Anthony Radcliff, alderman of Lon- don, gave 100 ; Francis Chamberlain, esq., of Little Melton in Norfolk, gave the advowson of that church, and founded scholarships ; sir John Hart, alderman of London, gave 50 ; John Freston, esq. of Altofts in Yorkshire, about 1604 left 500 to found fellow- ships and scholarships here ; (o) Ellis of Yorkshire gave one hundred marks; Edmund English, esq., of West- minster, gave 1000 to augment certain fellowships and scholarships ; Nicholas Fuller, esq. of Gray's inn, gave houses in London, then let for 20 a year; Elizabeth, widow of Richard Walter, girdler of Lon- don, founded two fellowships ; sir Francis Hastings, knight, settled 8 per annum ; Martha, wife of John Heigham, ofBenham in Suffolk, gave 100; William Neale, esq. auditor of the exchequer, gave the advow- sons of King's Brompton and Winsford in Somerset- shire; Alice, widow of William Elkin, alderman of (a) His foundation was ultimately transferred to Sidney college, with the consent of the master and fellows of this society. 362 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. London, and wife of Thomas Owen, justice of the com- mon pleas, founded a fellowship and a scholarship; William Branthwaite, D.D. master of Caius college, and one of the first fellows of this house, founded two exhibitions, gave 20 to the library, and plate; lady Grace Mildmay, widow of sir Anthony Mildmay, the founder's eldest son, gave by will 8 annually for exhibition of poor scholars; Robert Ryece, in 1620 gave the advowson of the rectory of Preston in Suffolk ; John Morley, of Michael- ham in Sussex, gave a messuage in Bishopsgate street, London; Robert Johnson, archdeacon of Leicester, founded four scholarships ; William Romney, esq. sometime lord mayor of London, gave the advow- son of North Luffenham in Rutland ; John Richardson, D.D. master of Trinity college, and sometime fellow of this house, bequeathed in 1625 to the library of this college all his books, in folio and quarto; Dame Rebecca Romney, in 1629 gave 12 per annum to two divinity students in this college ; (a) Thomas Hobbs, esq. of Braintree, in 1631 settled annuities on two poor scholars of this house ; Walter Travers, gave 100 to found a scholarship ; William Bancroft, (rt) Other early benefactors were : sir Richard Ashton of Middleton in Lancashire ; John Barnes, of S. Martin Outwitch, London ; William Bright minister of Shrewsbury, sometime fellow ; Richard Culverwell, alder- man of London ; Samuel Culverwell of Cherryburton, Yorkshire ; Mary, wife of sir L. Darrel, of Essex; Walter Fish, tailor to queen Elizabeth; John Francis, fellow of Trinity college ; William Haynes, head master of Merchant Taylor's school ; Martha Jermyn ; Richard Knightley, esq. of Preston, Northumberland ; sir Sampson Lennard, of WestWickham, Kent; sir Henry Mildmay, of Essex ; Alexander Nowell, D.D., dean of S. Paul's ; Shipton, citizen of London ; John Sleigh of Barnard's inn, gent. ; Robert Snagge, esq. of Letchworth, Hertfordshire; John Spendloffe, esq. of Fulthorpe, Lincolnshire ; Robert Taylor, esq. of Babraham, 20. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 363 D.D. master, in 1637 bequeathed 100 to purchase plate for the holy communion ; Walter Richards, in 1641 founded two exhibitions ; Richard Holdsworth, D.D., ejected master, in 1649 bequeathed a great part of his books to the library ; Francis Ash, merchant of London, and master of the Muscovy company, in 1654 gave the manor of Shernbourne, Norfolk, for buy- ing books, and endowing ten scholarships ; John Wells, B.D., rector of Thurning, in 1656 gave a yearly rent charge of 4 for an exhibition, and the advowson of Thurning ; John Browne, gent., in 1662 gave an estate at Islington, for the exhibition of scholars in this and Christ's college 5 Geoffrey Watts founded a scholarship. Between 1668 and 1675, the following contribu- tions were made for the new chapel : John Allen, esq., of Gray's inn, 20; Mrs. Anne Anthill (in memory of her son Edward Osburn, B.A., of this college) 15; Edmund Arnold, esq., registrar of the prerogative court, 5; James Bell, clerk, of Suffolk, 10; John Breton, D.D. master, 900 ; John Bradshaw, B.D. 20 ; sir Roger Burgoyne, bart., 10; William Cartwright, esq. of Ossington in Notting- hamshire, 10 ; Edmund Castell, D.D. professor of arabic, 20; Richard Clark, B.D. rector of Luffenham, 10 ; William Clark, D.D. dean of Winchester, 30 ; Thomas Clutterbook, D.D. 10 ; sir John Coel, master in chancery, 5 ; Philip Cornwallis, M.A. 5 ; John Cosin, bishop of Durham, 50 ; Richard Cox, D.D. 10. 10s. ; Zachary Cradock, D.D. 4 ; George Daven- port, M.A. 13. 6s. 8d. ; John Davenport, D.D. 20 ; sir Edward Dering, bart., 20 * Thomas Ducket, esq. of Steeple Morden, 10 ; Charles Fane, earl of Westmorland, forty timber trees ; John Feake, M.A. of Coventry, l ; James Gardiner, D.D. subdean (afterwards bishop) of Lincoln, 5. 5s.; sir Robert Gayer, K.B. 1040; sir Harbottle Grimston, master of the rolls, 21 ; sir Matthew Hern, alderman of London, 33. 14s. 6(7. ; John Holbech, D.D. master, and Anne his wife, 1030; Peter 364 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. Honywood of Kent, 10 ; Peter Hussey, esq. of Sutton place, Surrey, 20 ; Thomas Jackson, B.D. 40 ; Nicholas Jacob, esq., master in chancery, 20 ; sir Thomas Jones, justice of the king's bench, 5. 5s. ; Thomas Leigh, B.D. 10 ; Benjamin Middleton, fellow commoner, 10 ; Nathaniel Mott, M.A. and Mr. Rous, the bell ; Barnabas Oley, B.D. canon of Worcester, a fair bible in 2 vols. of Ogilby's print; John Palmer, arch- deacon of Northampton, 10 ; sir Francis Pemberton, serjeant- at-law, afterwards chief-justice, 20 ; hon. William Pierrepoint, afterwards earl of Kingston, 20 ; Matthew Pindar, esq. a clerk in chancery, 50 ; sir Thomas Proby, 30 ; sir Thomas Rich, bart. 100 and the lady Elizabeth his widow, 100 ; William Sancroft, archbishop of Canterbury, 586. 10s. and a common prayer book of imperial paper ; William Sandford, B.D. 5 ; Nathaniel Simonds, fellow commoner, 10; Robert Soresby, D.D. precentor of York, 20 ; sir James Sterling, alderman of London, 50 ; John Sudbury, D.D. dean of Durham, 600 ; George Thorp, D.D. 10; sir Christopher Tumor, baron of the exchequer, 10 ; sir Thomas Twysden, justice of the king's bench, 10; an unknown person (supposed lady Gayer), 22. 6s. 8d. ; John Whitefoot, M.A. of Norwich, 5 ; Samuel Wilson, 1. Is. Qd. ; sir Philip Wodehouse of Kimberly in Norfolk, 5. 7s. Bd. ; Daniel Yates, M.A. 10. Mrs. Anne Hunt of Suffolk, in 1671 founded two exhibitions; John Breton, D.D. master, in addition to large contributions to the chapel, left in 1676 the advowson of Wallington, and gave all his books to the library; Rachel, daughter of Francis Fane, earl of Westmorland, and widow of Henry Bourchier, earl of Bath, in 1677 gave books to the library; Benjamin Whichcote, D.D. sometime fellow of this house and afterwards provost of King's college, left real property for the endowment of scholarships ; Thomas Holbech, D.D. master, besides munificent gifts to the chapel, bequeathed in 1684 books to EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 365 the library, and above 50 per annum for a catechist and a reader of ecclesiastical history ; William Croune, M.D., in 1684 bequeathed all his mathematical books to the library; John Sudbury, D.D., dean of Durham, in addition to a noble donation to the chapel, gave 6 for an annual prize and founded a greek lectureship ; Edmund Castell, D.D., professor of arabic, in 1685 bequeathed above one hundred volumes of printed hebrew books to the library ; William Sancroft, ejected archbishop of Canterbury, sometime master, besides large donations to the chapel, gave valuable books to the library, the ad- vowson of Fressingfield cum Withersdale, fee farm rents amounting to 76 per annum, and the right of appointment to the mastership of Harleston school ; Henry Paman, M.D., in 1695 bequeathed 100; Mary, wife of sir Edwin Sadleir and widow of William Croune, M.D., sometime fellow, by will in 1706 made provision for algebraical lectures in this and other colleges; George Thorp, D.D., canon of Canterbury, in 1719 gave lands at Ash near Sand- wich to found scholarships; Richard Gillingham, M.A., vicar of Chigwell, Essex, in 1721 founded a fellowship; Nicholas Aspinal, rector of S. Peter's, Bedford, and master of the grammar school there, in 1727 bequeathed 100 ; Thomas Fane, sixth earl of Westmorland, gave 500 for improving the build- ings ; Charles, first viscount Maynard, largely con- tributed to the same object, towards which John Newcase of Westmorland also gave 500 ; John Browne, B.D., rector of Wallington, by will, in 1736 bequeathed upwards of 2000 to augment the master- 366 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. ship and four senior fellowships, and to found two greek scholarships, he also gave to the library 50 and a portion of his books ; John Fane, seventh earl of Westmorland, gave 200 to the fabric ; Michael Smith, D.D., rector of Freckenham, gave 800 to purchase land to found an exhibition, and for repair of the college and chapel ; Henry Hubbard, B.D. fellow, in 1778 gave his books to the library, and nearly 5000, part of the income whereof he directed to be applied to augment the annual prize and certain scholarships ; James Devie, B.D., vicar of Stanground, in 1808 bequeathed 3,500 stock to aug- ment the mastership ; Richard Hurd, bishop of Wor- cester, many years fellow of the college, bequeathed 2000 stock, to augment the stipend of the master and four senior fellows ; Mr. Thomas, fellow com- moner, in 1811 gave 500 towards restoring a portion of the college destroyed by an accidental fire which broke out in his rooms ; sir Busick Harwood, M.D. in 1814 founded an exhibition ; Richard Hurd, esq. of Worcester, in 1828 bequeathed 2000 stock to augment the stipend of the master and senior fellows ; John Cooke, M.A. in 1850 gave funded property for a prize; the rev. William Hardyman, B.D. late fellow, founded an annual classical prize; Henry Lusby, esq. of Stratford in Essex, bequeathed pro- perty to the amount of 330 per annum. . EMINENT MEN. William Bradshaw, author of an exposition of the Corinthians and other works, died 1618. William Branthwaite, D.D., fellow, one of the translators of the Bible, and master of Caius college, died 1618-9. James Wadsworth, celebrated EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 367 for his correspondence with William Bedell on the tenets of the church of Rome, died 1623. Ralph Cudworth, fellow, rector of Aller, Somersetshire, a famous preacher, died 1624. John Richardson, D.D., fellow of this house, master successively of Peterhouse and Trinity college, and one of the translators of the Bible, died 1625. Oliver Ormerod, an able polemical writer, died 1626. Charles Chad- wick, D.D. fellow, rector of Woodham Ferrers, Essex, a noted puritan, died 1627. John Preston, D.D. master, author of pious and learned works, died 1628. John Downe, fellow, rector of Instone, Devon, author of learned theological treatises, died 1631. John Playfere, rector of Depden, Suffolk, author of Appello Evangeliurn, died 1631. John Richardson, D.D. dean of Hereford, died 1636. William Jones, D.D. fellow, author of commentaries on Philemon and the Hebrews, and of other theo- logical works, died 1636. Ezekiel Culverwell, author of a treatise on Faith, and of other works, flourished 1637. John Harvard, founder of Harvard college in New England, died 1638. John Stoughton, D.D. fellow, rector of S. Mary Aldermanbury, author of sermons and other works, died 1639. Laurence Chaderton, D.D. master, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1640. Andrew Marvell, author of a commentary on the Creed, died 1640. John Yates, fellow, sometime minister of S. Andrew's Norwich, author of various controversial works, flourished 1640. Jeremiah Horrox, an astronomer of high repute, died 1640-1. Hugh Cholmeley, fellow, sub- dean of Exeter, an able controversialist, died 1641. 368 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. William Eyre, D.D. fellow, canon of Ely, a profound hebrew scholar, died 1641. William Bedell, fellow, bishop of Kilmore, died 1641-2. John Gifford, D.D. author of a latin treatise on the maintenance of the ministers of the Grospel, ejected from the rectory of S. Michael Bassishaw London, 1642. Samuel Ward, D.D., master of Sidney college, Margaret professor of divinity, one of the translators of the Bible, died 1643. John Bainbrigg, M.D., Savilian professor of astronomy at Oxford, died 1643. William Mewe, fellow, latin dramatist, flourished 1643. Jeremy Burroughs, a celebrated preacher in England and Holland, author of expositions of scripture sermons, controversial and other treatises, died 1646. Josiah Symonds, rector of S. Martin's Ironmonger lane, London, and afterwards minister at Rotterdam, author of the Case and Cure of a Deserted Soul, died 1646. Thomas Hooker, fellow, a celebrated preacher in England and America, and author of many theological works, died 1647. Ephraim Udal, ejected rector of S. Augustine Watling street, London, author of a learned treatise against sac- rilege, and of other works, died 1647. Henry Rich, earl of Holland, chancellor of the university, be- headed 1648-9. Richard Holdsworth, D.D. master, dean of Worcester, a great divine, died 1649. Thomas Shepard, pastor of Cambridge in New England, author of numerous theological works, died 1649. Samuel Crook, fellow, rector of Wrington, Somersetshire, an admired preacher, and author of sermons and devotional works, died 1649. Anthony Martin, bishop of Meath, died 1650. Benjamin EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 369 Spencer, ejected rector of Esher, in Surrey, a curious writer, flourished 1650. Samuel Hudson, author of The Essence and Unity of the Visible Catholic Church, flourished 1650. Richard Knight, professor of music at Grresham college, died 1651. Nathaniel Culyerwell, fellow, author of a Discourse of the Light of Nature and several other Miscellaneous Tracts, died about 1651. (a) John Smith, author of Select Discourses in Divinity, died 1652. Samuel Foster, professor of astronomy at Gresham college, author of various mathematical pub- lications, died 1652. Thomas Hill, D.D., master successively of this college* and Trinity college, and one of the assembly of divines, died 1652. John Cotton, fellow, a celebrated preacher in England and America, author of a commentary on S. John, sermons and theological treatises, died 1652. John Mayer, D.D., author of a Treasury of Ecclesiastical Expositions and of other theological works, flourished 1652. Nathaniel Ward, a celebrated preacher in Eng- land and America, died 1653. John Almond, fellow, preacher at King's Lynn, a great hebrew scholar, died 1653. Timothy Rogers, author of various works on practical divinity, died about 1653. John Bastwick, M.D. a famous writer against the Church of England and the independents, died 1654. Nathaniel Rogers, an eminent preacher in England and America, died 1655. Stephen Marshall, one of the assembly of divines, author of numerous sermons (a) A new edition of the Discourse of the Light of Nature by John Brown, D.D. Edinb., with a critical essay by John Cairns, M.A. was pub- lished, Edinb. 8vo. 1857. VOL. II. A A 370 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. and controversial works, died 1655. Paul De Laune, M.D. professor of physic at Gresham college, died 1655. Joseph Hall, fellow, bishop of Norwich, died 1656. Edward Bright, fellow, minister of Christ church London, a celebrated preacher, died 1656. Philip Edlin, ejected preacher of Gray's inn, died about 1656. William Basse, poet, flourished 1656. Thomas Ball, fellow, author of the Life of Dr. John Preston and Pastorurn Propugnaculum, died 1659. John Bradshaw, president of the high court of justice for the trial of Charles I., died 1659. Hamon L'Estrange, author of The Alliance of Divine Offices, died 1660. John Finch, lord Finch of Fordwich, sometime lord keeper of the great seal, died 1660. Charles Lambert, earl of Cavan, a distinguished commander in the civil war, died 1660. Adoniram Byfield, one of the scribes of the Assembly of Divines, died 1660. Peter Sterry, fellow, a famous mystical divine, died about 1660. Walter Foster, fellow, ejected rector of Allerton, Somersetshire, a celebrated mathematician, flourished 1660. John Bachelor, fellow of Eton college, a leading independent divine, flourished 1661. Nicholas Bernard, D.D., sometime dean of Ardagh, a learned divine, author and editor of numerous works, died 1661. Simeon Ash, rector of S. Austin Watling street, London, author of numerous ser- mons and other works, died 1662. John Reyner, fellow, arabic scholar, flourished 1662. Samuel Stone, a celebrated preacher in New England, where he died 1663. John Arthur, B.D., ejected rector of Clapham, a noted theologian, died about EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 371 1663. Geoffrey Watts, author of a Vindication of the church and universities of England, died 1663. Henry Lawrence, sometime president of the council of state, died 1664. Anthony Burgess, fellow, ejected rector of Sutton Coldfield, author of numerous theological works, died 1664. William Dell, fellow, master of Caius college, and author of curious theological works, died about 1664. John Brinsley, ejected vicar of Great Yarmouth, author of numerous devotional and controversial works, died 1664-5. Timothy Dod, ejected lecturer of Daventry, a celebrated preacher, died 1665. Thomas Whitfield, rector of Bugbroke, North- amptonshire, author of a discourse of liberty of conscience and of other controversial works, died about 1665. William Spurstow, fellow, master of Catharine hall, a celebrated controversialist, died 1665-6. Mildmay Fane, earl of Westmorland, poet, died 1665-6. Samuel Winter, D.D. provost of Trinity college, Dublin, died 1666. William Gery, D.D., archdeacon of Norwich, author of Spiritual Gleanings, died 1668. Job Tookie, ejected minister of Great Yarmouth, a hebrew scholar of repute, died 1670. Anthony Tuckney, D.D. fellow and master, afterwards master of S. John's college, and Regius professor of divinity, died 1670-1. William Bridge, fellow, ejected minister of Great Yarmouth, author of many sermons and theological treatises, died 1670-1. John Worthington, D.D. fellow, pre- bendary of Lincoln, and sometime master of Jesus college, an able theologian, died 1671. Sir Roger Twysden, historian and antiquary, died 1672. AA2 372 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. Edward Hulse, M.D., fellow, a distinguished phy- sician in London, flourished 1672. Nathaniel Ranew, ejected vicar of Felstead, Essex, author of Solitude, improved by divine meditation, died 1672. Thomas Horton, D.D., fellow, sometime president of Queens' college, author of scriptural expositions and other works, died 1673. Henry Cromwell, sometime lord lieutenant of Ireland, died 1673-4. John Oxenbridge, ejected fellow of Eton, and afterwards a distinguished preacher at Boston in New England, died 1674. John Sadler, fellow, master of Magdalen college, died 1674. "William Whitaker, minister of Bermondsey, a famous preacher of exemplary life, died about 1674. Samuel Hildersham, fellow, one of the assembly of divines, ejected rector of West Felton, Shrop- shire, died 1674. Lazarus Seaman, D.D. fellow, master of Peterhouse, died 1675. John Bryan, D.D., ejected rector of Holy Trinity Coventry, author of a Discourse of Dwelling with God and other works, died 1675. John Angier, rector of Denton, Lancashire, author of help to better hearts for better times, died 1677. John Rowe, author of sermons and theological works, died 1677. George Davenport, fellow, rector of Houghton le Spring, Durham, famed for his learning and benevolence, died 1677. Theophilus Dillingham, D.D. fellow, master .of Clare hall, died 1678. William Gurnall, fellow, rector of Lavenham, author of The Christian in complete armour, died 1679. John Palmer, archdeacon of Northampton, a profound mathematician, died 1679. Matthew EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 373 Poole, the great biblical critic, died 1679. William Staine, M.D., treasurer of the college of physicians, died 1679. Stephen Charnock, sometime fellow of New college Oxford, afterwards an independent minister in London, author of a Discourse on Divine Providence, and of other esteemed works, died 1680. Henry Pierrepoint, marquess of Dorchester, famed for his learning, died 1680. Thomas Brooks, ejected rector of S. Margaret New Fish street London, author of numerous theological works, died 1680. Samuel Clark, ejected minister of S. Benet Fink, London, author of numerous biographical and other works, died 1682. Richard Fairclough, fellow, ejected rector of Mellis, Suffolk, died 1682. John Bradshaw, rector of Cublington, Bucks, author of Discourses on oaths and tenderness of conscience, died 1682. Sir Thomas Twysden, justice of the king's bench, died 1682-3. Nicholas Lockyer, ejected provost of Eton college, author of numerous sermons and other works, died 1683. Vere Har- court, D.D. archdeacon of Nottingham, died 1683. Nathaniel Ingelo, highly skilled in music, and author of curious works, died 1683. Benjamin Whichcote, D.D. fellow, provost of King's college, author of much esteemed moral and theological works, died 1683. Sir Harbottle Grimston, master of the rolls, died 1683. William Croone, M.D. fellow, professor of rhetoric at Gresham college, a celebrated phy- sician and natural philosopher, died 1684. John Sudbury, D.D. dean of Durham, died 1684. Edmund Castell, D.D. professor of Arabic, author of Lexicon Heptaglotton, died 1685. George Fownes, ejected 374 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. vicar of High Wycombe, Bucks, and afterwards a celebrated baptist preacher at Bristol, died 1685. James Buck, D.D. ejected for his loyalty from the vicarage of Stradbrooke, Suffolk, and afterwards preacher at the Temple, died 1685-6. Thomas Jacomb, D.D. ejected rector of S. Martin's, Ludgate, London, author of numerous sermons, died 1687. Jonathan Hannier, ejected vicar of Bishops Tawton, Devon, author of an Exercitation upon Confirmation and other works, died 1687. Ealph Cudworth, D.D. fellow, master successively of Clare hall and Christ's college, author of the True Intellectual System of the Universe, died 1688. William Clagett, D.D., preacher of Gray's inn, a learned controversialist, died 1688. Daniel Dyke, ejected minister of Much Hadham, Hertfordshire, and afterwards a celebrated baptist minister in London, died 1688. Thomas Hodges, ejected rector of Soulderne, Oxfordshire, author of a treatise on prayer, sermons, and other works, died 1688. Richard Jackson, alias Keurden, M.D., the Lancashire antiquary, flourished 1688. Thomas Watson, ejected rector of S. Stephen's Walbrook, London, author of numerous sermons and theological works, died about 1689. William Dillingham, D.D. master, latin poet and contro- versialist, died 1689. John Collinges, D.D. ejected vicar of S. Stephen's Norwich, author of numerous sermons and other theological works, died 1690. Samuel Fairclough, a nonconformist of high cha- racter, and an admirable preacher, died 1691. Sir Thomas Jones, chief justice of the common pleas, died 1692. John Ward, a celebrated preacher EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 375 at Haverhill in America, died 1693. Francis Fulwood, D.D. archdeacon of Totnes, died 1693. William Sancroft, master, archbishop of Canter- bury, died 1693. John Hlingworth, fellow, author of large biographical collections, died 1693. Francis Marsh, archbishop of Dublin, died 1693. Richard Hollingworth, D.D. minister of S. Botolph Aldgate London, and vicar of Westham, Essex, author of various controversial works and sermons, flourished 1693. John Tenipler, D.D. rector of Balsham, author of theological treatises, flourished 1694. Zachariah Cradock, D.D. provost of Eton college, and preben- dary of Chichester, highly esteemed for his piety, learning and eloquence, died 1695. Henry Paman, M.D. public orator, died 1695. George Bright, D.D. fellow, dean of S. Asaph, died 1695. Simon Bradstreet, governor of New England, died 1697. Giles Firrnin, ejected vicar of Shalford, Essex, con- troversialist and oriental scholar, died 1697. Henry Jenks, author of The Christian Tutor, and other works, died 1697. Sir Francis Pemberton, chief justice of the king's bench, died 1697. Sir Pury Gust, military commander, died 1698-9. William Bates, D.D. a celebrated nonconformist, author of many excellent theological works, died 1699. Sir William Temple, statesman, diplomatist, es- sayist, and miscellaneous writer, died 1700. Thomas Clutterbuck, D.D. archdeacon of Winchester, died 1700. Richard Kiddcr, fellow, bishop of Bath and Wells, died 1703. John Wallis, D.D. Savilian pro- fessor of geometry at Oxford, an extraordinary mathematician, author of numerous works, died 376 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 1703. Samuel Slater, minister at Nayland, Bury S. Edmund's and London, author of a Discourse of Family Religion and other sermons, died 1704. Richard Pearson, D.D. rector of S. Michael Crooked lane London, a nonjuror, author of sermons, and editor of Dr. Holdsworth's works, died 1704. Joseph Fisher, archdeacon of Carlisle, died 1704-5. James Gardiner, bishop of Lincoln, died 1704-5. Samuel Cradock, fellow, ejected rector of North Cadbury, author of a Harmony of the four Evan- gelists, Apostolical History, The Old Testament modernised, and other works, died 1706. Gregory Hascard, D.D. dean of Windsor, died 1708. Nathaniel Resbury, D.D. rector of S. Paul's Shadwell, author of tracts against popery, and sermons, died 1711. Weyman Bouchery, latin poet, died 1712. Joshua Barnes, fellow, Regius professor of greek, a voluminous author, died 1712. Samuel Hill, archdeacon of Wells, author of various controversial works, died 1715-16. Peter Allix, D.D. treasurer of the church of Sarum, a learned theological writer, died 1716-17. Laurence Fogg, D.D. dean of Chester, died 1717-18. Sir Philip Meadows, latin secretary to Oliver Cromwell, and ambassador to Portugal, Denmark, and Sweden, died 1718. Samuel Bourn, minister of a dissenting congregation at Calne, Wiltshire, and Bolton, Lan- cashire, author of sermons, devotional and polemical works, died 1719. Sir Nathan Wright, lord keeper, died 1721. John Morton, author of the Natural History of Northamptonshire, died 1726. John Richardson, fellow, author of Prselectiones Ecclesi- asticse, and a vindication of the Canon of the New EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 377 Testament, died about 1726. Nicholas Aspinall, classical scholar, died 1727. Simon Degg, M.D. antiquary, died 1729. Nathaniel Marshall, D.D. canon of Windsor, editor of the works S. Cyprian, and author of sermons and numerous controversial works, died 1729-30. Anthony Blackwall, critic and theologian, died 1730. Henry Lee, D.D. fellow, metaphysician, flourished 1730. James Gardiner, subdean of Lincoln, author of poems original and translated, and sermons, died 1731-2. George Harbin, a celebrated nonjuror, died 1732. Matthew Brailsford, D.D. dean of "Wells, died 1734. Martin Warren, M.D. fellow, a distinguished physician at Bury S. Edmund's, died 1735-6. Thomas Emlyn, a famous arian divine, died 1743. John Savage, D.D. rector of Clothall, Hertfordshire, author of historical and miscellaneous works and poems, died 1746. Reuben Clarke, D.D. archdeacon of Essex, died 1746. Edward Abbot, master of Magdalen college, died 1748. William Peirse, fellow, classical scholar, died 1750. Edward Chandler, bishop of Durham, died 1751. Henry Rider, D.D. archdeacon of Derby, died 1755. Richard Arnald, fellow, author of a commentary on the Apocrypha, died 1756. William Barrowby, M.D. a celebrated London physician, died 1758. Daniel Newcome, D.D. fellow, dean of Gloucester, died 1758. John Colson, Lucasian professor, died 1760. William Law, fellow, author of The Serious Call and other works, died 1761. Sir William Calvcrt, fellow, sometime lord mayor of London, died 1761. John Fane, earl of Westmorland, chancellor of the urii- 378 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. versity of Oxford, died 1762. Thomas Hayter, bishop of London, died 1762. Richard Dawes, fellow, a learned critic and classical scholar, died 1766. Kice Williams, archdeacon of Caerniarthen, died 1767. John Martyn, professor of botany, died 1768. Anthony Askew, M.D. an accom- plished classical scholar and physician, died 1774. John Fane, earl of Westmorland, died 1774. William Richardson, D.D. master, antiquary, died 1775. James Hingeston, author of Discourses upon the Covenants, died 1777. Henry Hubbard, fellow, re- gistrary of the university, died 1778. Thomas Reeve, M.D. president of the college of physicians, died 1780. Robert Richardson, D.D. fellow, dean of Lincoln, died 1781. Thomas Nevile, translator of Horace, Juvenal, and Persius, and of the Greorgics of Virgil, died 1781. William Lewis, M.D. an able writer on chemistry and medicine, died 1781. James Bickharn, D.D. fellow, archdeacon of Leicester, died 1785. Richard Wright, M.D. fellow, a celebrated London physician, died 1786. Charles Jackson, fellow, bishop of Kildare, died 1790. Henry Homer, fellow, classical scholar, died 1791. John Gordon, D.D. fellow, archdeacon of Lincoln, died 1793. Samuel Hardy, rector of Little Blakenham, Suffolk, an able theological writer, died 1793. Richard Farmer, D.D. master, antiquary and critic, died 1797. Robert Potter, canon of Norwich, translator of .ZEschylus, Euripides, and Sophocles, died 1804. Joseph Plymley, archdeacon of Salop, died 1804. Edward Evanson, author of many works of heretical tendency, died 1805. Richard Hurd, fellow, bishop EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 379 of Worcester, died 1808. Thomas Moss, minister of Trentham, Staffordshire, poet and miscellaneous writer, died 1808. Thomas Percy, bishop of Dromore, died 1811. Sir Busick Harwood, M.D. professor of anatomy and Downing professor of medicine, died 1814. Smithson Tennant, M.D. professor of chemistry, died 1815. "William Augustus Pemberton, fellow, registrary of the university, died 1816. Cooper Willyams, Vicar of Exning, Suffolk, author of his- torical and topographical works, died 1816. Edward Valentine Blonafield, fellow, classical scholar, died 1816. Henry Meen, fellow, prebendary of S. Paul's, classical scholar and poet, died 1817. William Burdon, fellow, an able political and miscellaneous writer, died 1818. William Bennet, fellow, bishop of Cloyne, died 1820. John Trusler, LL.D. a volu- minous miscellaneous author and compiler, died 1820. Sir John Borlase Warren, K.B. admiral, died 1822. Samuel Parr, LL.D. a celebrated classical scholar, died 1825. Thomas Martyn, professor of botany, died 1825. Baptist Noel Turner, fellow, rector of Denton and Wing, an able miscellaneous writer, died 1825. Joseph Cradock, author of Tours in Wales, Literary Memoirs, and other works, died 1826. Thomas Leman, antiquary and genealogist, died 1826. John Law, D.D. fellow, archdeacon of Rochester, died 1827. Charles Manners Sutton, archbishop of Canterbury, died 1828. Dudley North, [sometime Long], politician and wit, died 1829. Thomas Young, M.D., a great writer on natural philosophy, hieroglyphics, and medicine, died 1829. William Cooke, author of a treatise on the law of 380 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. bankruptcy, died 1831. Robert Williams Pickwood, chief justice of S. Christopher's, died 1834. Robert Towerson Cory, D.D. master, professor of moral philosophy, died 1835. Sir William Gell, fellow, an able writer on classical topography and antiquities, died 1836. Charles Long, lord Farnborough, some- time paymaster-general, died 1838. John Barlow Seale, D.D. greek scholar, died 1838. Nathaniel Alexander, bishop of Meath, died 1840. George Dyer, poet, classical scholar, and miscellaneous writer, died 1841. George de la Poer Beresford, bishop of Kilmore, died 1841. John Fane, earl of Westmorland, K.G. lord lieutenant of Ireland, died 1841. Thomas Manners Sutton, lord Manners, lord chancellor of Ireland, died 1842. William Boultbee Sleath, D.D. master of Repton school, classical scholar, and antiquary, died 1842. Thomas Harwood, D.D. master of Lichfield school, author of various classical, theological, topographical, and other works, died 1842. John Oldershaw, fellow, archdeacon of Norfolk, died 1847. Thomas Smart Hughes, fellow, canon of Peterborough, author of a History of England in continuation of Hume and Smollet and of other works, died 1847. Anthony White, a celebrated London surgeon, died 1849. Thomas Northmore, author of various classical and mis- cellaneous works, died 1851. Robert Saunders Dundas, viscount Melville, first lord of the admiralty, died 1851. Frederic Thackeray, M.D. a distinguished physician in Cambridge, died 1852. James Slade, fellow, canon of Chester, author of expositions of scripture and numerous sermons, died 1860. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 381 FEONT OF EMMANUEL COLLEGE. THE BUILDINGS. Ralph Simons the original architect of the college, appears to have skilfully incorporated some of the old buildings of the Domi- nicans. Part of their church (which extended from S. Andrew's street to the eastern end of the com- bination-room), was converted into the college hall, and the refectory of the friars after being used for many years as the chapel of the college, is now the library. Simons's structure, which appears to have been of a substantial but not very ornamental character, formed one larger and two smaller courts, and there was also a building, which still remains, facing the college close. The college was at that period separated from S. Andrew's street by a wall, the principal entrance being in Emmanuel lane. The erection of a new chapel with the adjoin- ing cloister and a picture gallery over it in the reign of Charles II. gave the college an ornamental 382 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. appearance which it had not before possessed; but the residue of the fabric appears to have retained much of its primitive simplicity until the early part of the reign of George III., when the hall and the principal court were modernised, and an ornamental front towards S. Andrew's street was erected from the plans of James Essex, F.S.A. ; the old entrance from Emmanuel lane being thereupon abandoned. Mr. Essex's front which is of Ketton stone and presents a handsome appearance, consists of a centre having four attached ionic columns supporting a pediment with the college arms in the tympanum, and two wings which are a storey higher than the centre. Adjoining to the north is a building in the per- pendicular style faced with stucco, and having fronts towards S. Andrew's street and Emmanuel lane. This pile which was erected in or about 1824, has no pretensions to architectural beauty. The principal court measures one hundred and twenty-eight by one hundred and seven feet. On the north are the hall and combination room. In the centre of the opposite side two ionic pilasters support a broken entablature, over which is a balus- trade crowned with vases. Between the pilasters is an ionic doorway surmounted by the arms of the earl of Westmorland boldly carved. The west side of the court consists of a piazza, of eleven arches, having chambers above. The chapel and the cloister, with the picture gallery over the same occupy the whole of the eastern side. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 383 The second court has the hall on the south, students' apartments on the north, the kitchen and other offices on the west, and the library on the east. At a right angle with the southern side of the principal court is an extensive row of chambers constructed of brick, adorned with stone portals, window-frames and cornices. This edifice which was no doubt erected by Ralph Simons, seems to have undergone but little subsequent altera- tion. THE CHAPEL. The original chapel which was never consecrated (a) is now the librar}^. As the structure runs north and south, the circumstance gave rise to no little observation. The present chapel which runs east and west, was designed by sir Christopher Wren and conse- crated by Dr. Peter Gunning, bishop of Ely, on () The following is from a paper sent from Cambridge to archbishop Laud, 23 September, 1636 : "In Emanuel Coll. Their Chappel is not consecrate. At Surplice prayers they sing nothing but certain riming Psalms of their own ap- pointment instead of ye Hymnes between ye Lessons. And Lessons they read not after y e order appointed in y e Callendar but after another con- tinued course of their owne. All Service is there done & performed (Psalmes and Hymnes and all if they read any) by the Minister alone. The Students are not brought up nor accustomed to answere any verse at all. Before Prayers begin the Boyes come in & sitt downe & put on & talke aloude of what they list Their seates are placed round about & above the Communion Table. When they preach or Common place they omit all service after y first or second Lesson at y e furthest. Many of their Schollers live and lodge in y e Towne Houses, & from thence they come through ye Street with Surplices upon them to Chappell, & in the night time have opportunity to goe abroad & be where they please. The cause hereof is for that they admit more into y* Coll. than it is able to hold. On Sundaies they use no Litanie." Cooper's Annals of Cambridge, iii. 283. 384 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. the feast of S. Michael the archangel, 1677. The act of consecration specially permits sepulture in the cloister as well as in the chapel. The front of the chapel consists of two columns and as many pilasters of the Corinthian order sup- porting a pediment broken for the reception of a small cupola, which is supported by six attached Corinthian columns. The sides and eastern end are simple but elegant. Internally the chapel is thirty feet broad and twenty-seven feet high, and including the ante-chapel eighty-four feet in length. It has a fine marble pavement, elegant oak stalls and wainscotting, and a rich and tastefully ornamented ceiling. At the western end is a gallery containing a handsome organ, which however has long been disused. The altar is embellished with fluted gilt corin- thian columns, supporting a pediment of correspond- ing character. The altar-piece is a fine painting of the prodigal son, by Griacomo Amiconi. The altar-cloth is of rich crimson velvet, with gold adornments. The plate for the altar consists of three large flagons, two chalices, two chargers, and two patens, all given by Dr. William Bancroft the third master, (a) 1637, and two richly decorated candlesticks given by Robert Trefusis, 1764. In the chapel and ante-chapel are memorials of: (a) Uncle of the archbishop. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 385 THE CLOISTBH. Laurence Chaderton, D.D. the first master, 1640, set. 103. ( ") John Whitaker, B.D. fellow, 6 April, 1710, set. 49. H[emy] H[ubbard, B.D. fellow], 1778. Richard Farmer, D.D. master, 8 Sept. 1797. Robert Towerson Cory, D.D. master, 23 April, 1835. A case containing a human skeleton is kept in the vestry on the south side of the ante-chapel. (6) On the walls of the cloister, which consists of thirteen arches, are tablets commemorating : (a) This was removed from the old chapel. Cleveland wrote " An Elegy upon Dr. Chaderton the first Master of Emanuel Colledge in Cam- bridge, being above an hundred years old when he died. Occasioned by his long deferred Funeral." Dr. Chaderton resigned the mastership in 1622, and survived Dr. Preston and Dr. Bancroft the second and third masters See Cooper's Annals of Cambridge, iii. 305. (b) " The skeleton in Emmanuel College is of one who fell a victim of uncontrolled passion, for in his rage he stabbed his servant: it is kept retired from view a terrible memorial of the consequences of unruliness." Cambridge Portfolio, 339. VOL. II. B B 386 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. Henry Skaiffe, B.A. born at Glatton, Huntingdonshire, scholar, 30 Sept. 1711. Francis Oldershaw, M.B. of Loughborough, 16 April, 1740, aet. 24. James Mead, LL.B. 1772, aet. 26, (erected by his brother Richard Mead, esq.) Michael Smith, D.D. a native of the county of Durham, and rector of Freckenham, Suffolk, 6 May, 1773, aet. 53. Henry Hubbard, B.D. fellow and tutor, registrary of the university, and lady Margaret preacher, 23 Jan. 1778, aet. 70. Richard Farmer, D.D. master, 6 id. Sept. 1797, aet. 63, (inscription by Dr. Parr.) James Du Satoy, student, eldest son of James Du Satoy, esq., 1815, set. 19. Edward Valentine Blomfield, M.A. fellow, 7 id. Oct. 1816, set. 29. William Augustus Pemberton, B.D. fellow and tutor, and registrary of the university, 4 id. Oct. 1816, set. 44. William Bennet, sometime fellow and tutor, afterwards bishop successively of Cork and Cloyne, 18 cal. Aug. 1820, aet. 75, born in London, buried at Plumsted, Kent. Robert Towerson Cory, D.D. master, 9 cal. Maii. 1835, set. 76. There was also a tablet in memory of Humphrey Clayton, student, son of Humphrey Clayton of Brisingham, Norfolk, clerk, 1731, set. 19. This fell down a few years since, and was thereby broken into so many fragments that it could not be replaced. THE HALL, although not of uniform architecture, is a noble apartment with a good stuccoed ceiling. The arms of Maynard and Hobart are on the door- ways of the screens, over which is a music gallery. At the eastern end of the hall on either side are spacious oriel windows, that on the south contain- EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 387 ing on four shields the arms of the founder and of his alliances. At the east end are portraits of the founder; sir Wolstan Dixie ; and William Romney, esq. ; and around the sides portraits of Dr. Farmer, master; George Thorp, D.D. ; Francis Ash, citizen of London; Henry Hubbard, B.D. ; Dr. Richardson, master ; Benjamin Whichcote, D.D. ; John Sudbury, D.D. ; and Samuel Parr, LL.D. THE COMBINATION-ROOM eastward of the hall and communicating therewith, is adorned with portraits of the founder; and William Dudley, esq. 1681, (by Lely.) THE LIBRAEY which is of inconsiderable dimen- sions, and is very plain both externally and in- ternally, contains about twenty thousand volumes. There are two hundred and eighty-five MSS. amongst which we may mention: Several oriental MSS. of which there is an account in the library, by sir William Jones. A MS. of the Old Testament in hebrew, purchased at Venice, by William Bedell, afterwards bishop of Kilmore, from Rabbi Leo, chief Shaccam of the synagogue there, for its weight in silver. A greek MS. of Herodotus, used by Dr. Thomas Gale, and afterwards more carefully examined by Dr. Askew and Porson. The epistles of the New Testament in greek, given by Samuel Wright, 1598. MSS. of Joshua Barnes, including unpublished notes on Homer and Anacreon, some of the Psalms in greek anacreontics, and a greek-latin lexicon. Two english translations of the New Testament, made in the fourteenth century. Letters and papers of martyrs and confessors in the reign of Mary. 388 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. Some of the printed books are rare, especially Cicero's Offices, printed by Fust and Schoeffer at Mentz, 1465. It belonged to Arthur prince of Wales, as appears by his arms thereon. Aristophanes, printed by Aldus, 1498, consecutively in the possession of sir Samuel Romilly and Dr. Parr, by the latter of whom it was presented to the college. Over the door is a good bust of archbishop San- croft, to whose munificence the college is indebted for a large number of valuable and curious printed books. (a) THE PICTURE GALLERY which may be regarded as a striking feature of this college, is about one hundred feet in length, and situate over the cloisters communicating with the master's lodge. (a) The archbishop, within a short period of his death, sent to William Needham, B.C. his chaplain, to desire him to remove the portion of his library which he had left in a warehouse at Lambeth to this college. From the books which he carried with him to Fresingfield he appears to have made a reserve for his heirs of those which were suited to the reading of a private gentleman, and to have destined the rest for the college. His MS. papers he also destined for the same quarter, with the exception of such as Henry Wharton wished to retain. It appears, however, that his executors were backward in fulfilling his intentions. Mr. Wharton found eome difficulty in obtaining even those papers which were necessary for his publication of Laud's Diary ; and it seems certain that none of the remain- ing MSS. or of the books from Fresingfield ever found their way to Emmanuel college. An interesting letter on this subject from William Need- ham to his brother Gervase Needham, fellow of Emmanuel, dated Alresford, S. Stephen's day, 1693, is given in D'Oyley's Life of Bancroft, 2nd edition, 829 334. It is stated that the archbishop's nephews sold his MS. papers for eighty guineas to Bateman the bookseller; of him they were purchased by bishop Tanner, who presented them to the Bodleian library at Oxford. A catalogue of the Tanner MSS. at Oxford, by the rev. Alfred Hack- man, M.A. of Christ church, was published at Oxford, 4to. 1860. Every Cambridge man who consults that valuable catalogue, must regret that documents which so materially relate to the history of this university, ?b.ould be deposited elsewhere. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 389 It contains portraits of the founder (by Vanso- mer) ; his son sir Anthony Mildmay (by D. Mytens) ; Dr. Breton, master, 1665; Dr. Holbech, master, 1675; archbishop Bancroft; Charles Fane, earl of Westmorland ; queen Elizabeth ; sir Pury Gust, 1670; sir Francis Walsingham; sir Francis Pem- berton ; Henry Hubbard, B.D. ; Francis Ash, citizen of London ; George Thorp, D.D. ; sir Edmund Bacon, premier bart. 1788 ; John Fane, earl of Westmor- land, lord lieutenant of Ireland; sir William Calvert; Dr. Preston, master; Dr. James Gardiner, bishop of Lincoln ; Dr. Samuel Ward, master of Sidney college ; Joshua Barnes ; bishop Kidder ; Dr. John Sudbury ; sir William Temple (by Lely) ; John lord Finch of Fordwich (copy); D,r. Jackson, bishop of Kildare (by Gainsborough); Dr. Hurd, bishop of Worcester (copy after Gainsborough) ; lady Mildmay ; Dr. Hall, bishop of Norwich ; Dr. Branthwaite, master of Caius college ; Anthony Askew, M.D. ; Dr. Roger Long, master of Pembroke hall; William Balderston, M.A. ; Dr. Bennet, bishop of Cloyne ; Dr. Cudworth, master of Christ's college; Peter Allix, D.D. treasurer of Sarum (copy by Freeman); Dr. Whichcote, provost of King's college ; Thomas Leman, esq. (by Mrs. Beale) ; Dr. Richardson, master; Ralph Simons, architect; Dr. Farmer, master; John Teller, esq. 1679, and Mrs. Joyce Frankland. There are also engraved portraits of John Law, D.D. ; archbishop Manners Sutton ; and Thomas Man- ners Sutton, lord Manners ; and a great number of curious historical and other prints, including some of the best productions of George Vertue. 390 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. THE MASTER'S LODGE was originally situate im- mediately at the eastern end of the hall. The present lodge is still more to the eastward, running parallel with the chapel on one side, and adjoining the library on the other. It contains some good apartments. PLATE. The founder's cup which is richly gilt, is said to have been one of the productions of the far- famed Benvenuto Cellini. It is very elegant, and the ornaments are most elaborate. The height of the cup is 8 inches and of the cover 7J inches. The diameter of the base is 6 inches, and of the bowl 10 inches on the outside. The depth of the bowl inside is 9J inches. The weight of the cover is 34 oz., and of the cup 63 oz. 1 dwt., making a total of 97 oz., 10 dwt. The arms of the founder richly enamelled, and the letters W. M. joined together by a knot, prove the authenticity of this precious relic, which having been always kept with religious care, is in excellent preservation. It is never used except at the anniversary feast. We may also enumerate the following rich and curious articles: a gilt hanap and cover, presented by Mildmay Fane ; a gilt cup, given by John Fane, esq. ; a gilt cup, given by Henry Fane, son of the third earl of Westmorland; tankards presented by Henry Cromwell, fellow-commoner, 26 May, 1675 ; John Maddockes, fellow-commoner, 1681, George Sorocold, fellow-commoner, 1684, Walter Horneby, fellow-commoner, 1684, Thomas Jones, fellow- commoner, and sir William Temple, bart. ; a rose water dish and ewer, given by hon. Wolstan Dixie, 1724; an open-work bread basket, given by THE FOUNDERS CUP. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 391 William and John Welby, fellow-commoners, 1736; two handsome claret cups and covers, given by John Palmer, fellow-commoner, 1756, and hon. Wolstan Dixie, 1767 ; an epergne, given by the earl of Westmorland; a tea urn, given by Henry Askew, M.B. 1784; a dish and cover given by Christopher Henry Neville, fellow-commoner, 1795 ; another given by Marmaduke Middleton Middleton, fellow-commoner, 1795 ; an open-work bread basket, given by Thomas Young, fellow-commoner; an em- bossed rose water dish, given by William Frederick Baylay, M.B. and Edward Rogers, LL.B. 1805 ; a cheese-toaster, given by Willoughby Brassey, fellow- commoner, 1809 ; a dish and cover, given by sir Arthur Chichester, bart. M.A. 1811; another given by Robert Hamond, fellow-commoner, 1811 ; a coffee-pot and stand, given by George Lane Fox, fellow-commoner, 1814; a cheese-toaster, given by Henry Broadwood, fellow-commoner, 1815 ; a chased cup, given by Henry Shirley, fellow-commoner, 1818; four decanter stands, given by Edward Humphreys Green, (a) fellow-commoner, 1820; Dr. Samuel Parr's pipe, tobacco box and stopper, the bowl of the pipe of wood with silver enrichments and stem, and the head of the stopper curiously carved in wood; a claret jug, given by Walter Henry Hill, M.A. July, 1827; an engraved salver, given by Joseph God- man, fellow-commoner, 1851; and a snuff mull, with handsome silver enrichments and appurtenances, and adorned with rich stones, given by William Paley Anderson, fellow, 1856. (a) Now De Freville. 392 EMMANUEL COLLEGE. FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS There are twelve fellowships and as many foundation scholarships, each of the latter being of the value of 60 per annum at least. There are also five open scholar- ships and several exhibitions. In 1625 there were the master, fourteen fellows, fifty scholars, ten poor scholars, these together with the students, &c., making a total of two hundred and sixty. In 1634 there were the master, fourteen fellows, fifty scholars, ten poor scholars, besides officers and servants of the foundation, with other students, the whole number being three hundred and ten. In August, 1641, two hundred and four members of the college contributed 23. ISs. to a poll-tax. In 1673 there were the master, fourteen fellows, fifty scholars, ten poor scholars, with other students, besides officers and servants, the whole number about one hundred and seventy. We are told that in 1753 the number of members of all sorts was usually about or very near seventy. PATRONAGE The rectories of North Benfleet and Little Bentley in Essex; the vicarage of Lechlade in Gloucestershire ; the vicarage of Twyford in Hamp- shire ; the rectory of Wallington in Hertfordshire ; the vicarage of Stanground, with the rectory of Farcet, and the rectory of Thurning in Huntingdon- shire ; the rectories of Loughborough, Emmanuel church in Loughborough, and Thurcaston in Leicester- shire ; the rectory of Winteringham in Lincolnshire ; the rectory of Little Melton, and the mastership EMMANUEL COLLEGE. 393 of the school of Harleston in Norfolk; the rectory of Upper Boddington in Northamptonshire; the rectory of North Luffenham in Rutland ; the rectories of Aller and North Cadbury, and the vicarages of Brompton Regis and Winsford in Somersetshire ; the rectories of Brantham, East Bergholt and Preston, the vicarages of Ilketshall S. Andrew, and Fressing- field cum Withersdale, and the mastership of the school of Bungay in Suffolk. THE END OP VOL. IT. cc CAMBRIDGE : PRINTED BY WILLIAM METCALFE, GREEN STREET. Just Published Price 7s. 6d. A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF THE (M me mtm WHICH HAVE OBTAINED THE CHANCELLOE'S GOLD MEDAL IX THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. New and Enlarged Edition, with a fine Engraving of the Medal. CAMBEIDGffi: MACMTLLAN AND CO. AND 23, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON. Nearly Ready, in Crown 8vo., Illustrated by Steel Engravings and numerous Woodcuts, % Ifanb-^roh for Visitors 10 Camfofoge; With a sketch of the origin and progress of the University. BY NORRIS DECK. Also, in Fcap. 8vo., with numerous Illustrations, 8Jra&eIIer's SSalh %wjji} Cambist, Just Published, in 4to. and 8vo. cniflrials 0f ^**vvv imtJ w+ i. Containing upwards of 60 Steel Engravings, same number of Wood Engravings, and 11 Photographs. "This splendid Work has now reached Part XXVI. The Steel Engravings are most ex- quisite. When complete it -will be impossible to over-estimate its value." Independent Prett. " In this Edition Photographs are for the first time introduced. The letter-press entirely re-written by the different Heads of Houses, and the general Editorship entrusted to a very competent person. We can highly recommend it." The Bookseller. VOLUME II. JUST COMPLETE. ; SOUTHERN 1SSS&KSSS& FAC 1L1 TY i\c ij-7 "-iwmii_ i_iDnMnr TMUILI I T 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388 Return this material to the library from which it was borrowed. S.R RK'j) iDriiRL' Ujlt JHlN x KjvJI JAN 9 1991 OF-CAIIFOff OF CAIIFO/?^ "^/HUAINflJVfr ^UIBRARY0/ \\\E-UNIVERV