THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA GIFT OF HORACE W. CARPENTIER HINDUSTANI SELECTIONS WITH A VOCABULARY OF THE WORDS. PREPARED FOR THE USE OF THE SCOTTISH NAVAL AND MILITARY ACADEMY, JAMES R. BALLANTYNE. SECOND EDITION. SOLD BY J. MADDEN & CO., LONDON ; SMITH, 87 FRINGE'S STREET, AND J. BRAIDWOOD, 26, GEORGE STREET, EDINBURGH. M.DCCC.XLV. PRINTED BY WATTS, LONDON; AND BALLANTYNE AND HUGHES, EDINBURGH. 3B TRANSCRIPT OF THE FIRST SIX SECTIONS. BISMI-L-LAHI-R-RAHMANI-K-RAHlM. No. I. Pan! la'o. roti ham-ko do. tumhara nam kya hai? wuh kaun hai? we kaun hairc? sails hindustam bolo. turn bahut jaldi bolte. ahiste bolo, to shayad ham samjhenge. idhar a'o. chale-ja'o. ruMsat hai. No. II. Salam sahib ! turn kaise ho ? ap-ka mizaj kaisa hai ? yih mera kalam hai, tumhari kitab kaharc hai ? yih merl kitab hai. suno ! shor mat karo. No. III. Ahmafc bin Habbana& ek sha^As tha, jo, apne-ko pahchanne- ke-waste, ek mala gale-mera rakhta tha. ittifa^an, ek roz so- gaya ; to us-ke chhote bha'i-ne wuh mala apne-gale-men rakhi. Ahma^-ne, jagkar, piichha ki, " tu Ahma^ bin Habbana& hai ; pas main kaun hun ? " a 975 No. IV. Ek talibu-l-"ilm kisi-teli-ke ghar gaya, aur us-ke bail-ke gale-me/z ghan^a dekha. puchha, " yih kya hai ? " kaha us-ne, " isi-kl awaz-se is-ka chalna mujhe ina"lum hota-hai." talibu- l-"ilm-ne kaha ki " agar khara khara hilaya-kare, to kya daryaft-howe ? " teli-ne jawab-diya ki " mera bail talibu-l-"ilm nahiw." No. Y. Ek shaMs nihayat bad-awaz tha : wuh apne-ko ^/iush-awaz janta, Aazakar ek din wuh sha&^s kuchh ga-raha-tha. us-ke nazdik ek dhobi rassl lekar aya. us-ne kaha ki " kya hai ? " kaha " hazrat salamat ! main bujha tha ki shayad mera gadha bolta hai." No. VI. Ek wazir ka be#a nadan o kund-zihn tha. wazir-ne . ek dana- ke pas use bheja, aur kaha ki " is-larke-ko tarbiyat-kar ; shayad ki "aAlmand ho-jawe." chunanchi dana-ne us-ki ta"lim men bahut-si koshish ki, par kuchh fa'ida na-hu'a. pas, lachar hokar, larke-ko us-ke* bap-ke pas pher bheja, aur kaha ki " tera beta "aAil nahiw-hu'a, aur mujhe diwana kiya." TRANSLATIONS. No. I. Bring water. Give me (literally us) bread. What is your name ? Who is that ? Who are those ? Speak easy Hindu- stani. You speak very fast. Speak slowly, then perhaps I (we) shall understand. Come hither. Go away. There is permission (to depart i. e. you may go away.) T)^ No. II. Peace (be with you) Honour's constitution, Where is your book ? This is my book. Sir ! How are you ? How is your L e. how do you do ?) This is my pen. Listen ! Don't make a noise. No. III. o Ahmak, the son of Habbanak, was a person who, for the sake of recognising himself, was (in the habit of) wearing a necklace on his neck. By chance, one day, he fell asleep ; then his little brother placed that necklace on his own neck. Ahmak, having awoke, asked as follows " Ttiou art Ahmak, the aon of Habbanak ; then who am I?" No. IV. A student (or philosopher) went to the house of a certain oil- man, and saw a bell on the neck of his bull.* He asked, "What (or why) is this?" Said he, " By the sound of this very (bell,) the going of this (bull) becomes known to me, (i. e. I know, by the sound, that he is walking on and turning the mill.") The philosopher said, "If, whilst standing still, he should make a practice of shaking (the bell,) then what will be discovered ?" The oilman gave answer, " My bull is not a phi- losopher." No. V. A person was very bad-voiced : he thinks himself pleasant- voiced. By chance, one day, that person was singing something. A washerman, having taken a rope, came near him. He said, " What is it? (or what is the matter ?") He replied, " Health to your worship I I had imagined that perhaps my donkey f is braying." No. VI. The son of a vizier was ignorant and dull-witted. The vizier sent him to a sage, and said, " Educate this boy perhaps he may become wise." Accordingly, the sage made much exertion in the tuition of him, but any advantage was not: therefore, having become helpless, he sent the boy back to his father, and said, " Thy son has not become wise, and has made me mad." * An oilman keeps a bull to turn his oil-mill. t A washerman keeps a donkey to carry to the river the clothes that are to be washed there. ANALYSES, No. I. Pani, water, masc. ( 19*) nom. ( 60.) La'o, briny, second pers. pi. imperative of la-na. Roti, bread, nom. fern. ( 60 and 19.) Ham-ko, to us, dat. pi. of mam, /. The plural of this pronoun is commonly used instead of the singular, ( 60, d.) Do, give, second pers. pi. im- perative, contracted for de'o, from de-na. Tumhara, your, gen. pi. of tu, thou, or rather a pronominal ad- jective, agreeing with nam, name, nom. sing. masc. Kya, what ? Hai, is, third sing, present of the defective auxiliary, (45.) Wuh, he, she, it, or that, nom. sing. Kaun, who ? nom. sing. Hai, is, ( 45.) We, those, nom. pi. of wuh. Kaun, who? nom. pi. of kaun. Haiw, are, third pi. pres. of defective auxi- liary, (45.) Sails, easy, an unchangeable adjective, ( 26.) Hindustani, belonging to Hindustan, an unchangeable adj., ( 26.) Bolo, speak, second pi. imperative of bol-na. Turn, you, nom. pi. of tu. Bahut, very. Jaldi, quickly. Bolte, speak, second pi. pres. of bol-na. Ahiste, slowly. Bolo, speak, second pi. imperative of bolna. To, then, conj. Shayad, perhaps. Ham, we, nom. pi. (used for the sing. 60, d) of maw. Samjhenge, will understand, first pi. future-definite of samajh-na. The second vowel of the root is dropped in accordance with 24, c. Idhar, hither. A'o, cpme, second pi. imperative of a-na. Chale-ja'o, go away, second pi. imperative of chala-ja-na, ( 66, c.) RuMsat, dismissal or permission to depart, nom. sing. fern. (19,6.) Hai, is, (45.) * The references are to the paragraphs of my Hindustani grammar. No. II. Saliim, peace, salutation. Sahib, sir, master. Turn, you, nom. pi. of tu. Kaise, how ? pi. masc. of the adj. kaisa, ( 26.) Ho, are, second pi. pres. of the defective auxi- liary, ( 45.) Ap-ka, of you sir, gen. sing, of the respectful pronoun ap ( 60 e.) The postpos. ka is employed (and not ke or ki) because the governing word, mizaj, constitution, is a masculine noun in the nominative singular, ( 27.) Kaisa, how? adj. nom. sing. mas. agreeing with mizaj ( 26.) Hai, is ( 45.) Yih, this, nom. sing. Mera, my, gen. sing, of main, or rather pronominal adj. agreeing (26) with /ealam, pen, nom. sing. m. Hai, is ( 45.) Tumhari, your, gen. pi. of tu; or else pron. adj. agreeing ( 26) with kitab, book, nom. sing. fern. KahFw, where? Hai, is ( 45.) Yih, this, nom. sing. Men, my, gen. of maiw, or pron. adj. agreeing (26) with kitab, book, fern. Hai, is ( 45.) Suno, listen! 2d pers. pi. imperative of sun-na . Shor, a noise, nom. sing. m. used for the ace. ( 60.) Mat, don't, a prohibitive particle, used with the imperative. Karo, make, 2d pi. imperative of kar-na. No. III. Ahma/i bin Habbana^, a proper name ; the nom. to tha, was ( 25;) ek, one or ; shaA/ts, person; jo, who, rel. pron. nom. sing.: waste, for the sake, postpos. ( 28, a;) pahchfmne-ke, of recognising, gen. case of the infinitive mood, used as a verbal noun ( 67,) governed in the genitive by wltste, ( 28, a;) apne-ko, himself, ace. of ap, governed by pahchanne ; rakhta tha, was keeping, imperfect, 3d, sing. m. of rukh-im, agreeing with jo ; ek, a; malii, necklace, nom. sing. ( 19, b) the object of rakhta tha ( 60;) gale-men, in or on his neck, ace. sing. m. of gala ( 25;) ittil'iUan, by chance, adv.; ek, one; roz, day; so-gaya, he fell asleep, 3d sing. m. past tense of so-ja-na, an intensive compound verb ( 66 and 66 a) formed of so-na, to sleep, and ja-na, to go; to, then, adv. ; us-ke, his, gen. sing, of wuh : the postpos. ke is used (and not ka or ki) because the governing word is a masculine noun (viz. bha'i-ne) which is not in the nom. sing. ( 27;) chhote, little, inflected mas. sing, of chho*a, agreeing ( 26) with bha'i-rie, brother, which, being the agent of a past tense of an active transitive verb ( 65,) requires the addition of the particle ne ; wuh, that, dem. pron., agreeing with mala, necklace, nom. sing. fern, which is the object of the verb rakhi, placed. This being the past tense of an active transitive verb, agrees, not with its agent (bha'I-ne) but with its object (mala;) and the object being 3d pers. fern* sing., the verb is put in the 3d per. fern, sing. ( 65;) apne, his own, gen. of ap, or rather a pronominal adj. agreeing ( 26) with gale -mew, on neck, loc. sing, of gala ( 25 ;) Ahma^-ne, Ahmak, the agent of puchha, asked ( 65 ;) jagkar, having awoke, past conjunctive participle of jag-na; puchha, asked, past tense of the active transitive verb puchh- na, not agreeing with its agent (Ahma-ne) nor with its object, which is not a word in the nominative, but a sentence, (he asked " who am I?") and hence appearing in the 3d pers. mas. sing. ( 65;) ki, that, viz., or as follows, aconj. introducing a reported speech ; tu, thou ; hai, art ( 45 ;) Ahmak bin Habbana&, proper name ; pas, then; kaun, who? huw, am (45;) maiw, /. 8 TRANSCRIPT OF THE FIRST PARAGRAPH OF THE STORY IN THE DEVANAGARI CHARACTER. Ek raja, Pratapamukutf nam, Banaras ka tha; aur us-ke befe-ka nam Bajramuku^; jis-ki rani-ka nam Mahadevi. Ek din wuh, apne diwan-ke befe-ko sath le, shikar-ko gaya, aur bahut dur jangal-mew ja-nikla; aur us-ke bich ek sundar talab dekha, ki us-ke kinare ha/zs, chakwa chakwi, bagle, mur^/ta- biyfm, sab-ke-sab, kalol-me^ the. Charo?^ taraf puMta gba^ bane-hu'e ; kawwal talab-mera phule-hu'e ; kinaron-par tarab-ba- tarab-ke daraMt lage-bu'e, ki-jin-ki gbani ghani chbaww-mew ih&ndi ^hanc?i hawa'ew atiyara-thm ; aur pancbbi pakheru dara&A- tow-par cbabcbaboTz-mew the ; aur rang~ba-rang-ke phul ban-me/z pbul-rahe-the ; un-par bhaurarorc-ke jhunc?-ke-jhun6/ gunj-rahe ; ki ye us talab-ke kinare pahunche, aur, hath nniwh dhokar, upar aye. TRANSCRIPT OF THE LITHOGRAPHED LETTERS IN THE TA"LIK AND SHIKASTA CHARACTER. No. I. G/iarib-nawaz, salamat ! <- Kal, ba-sabab barish-ke, maiw huzur-i "all mew pahunch na-saka; aur kal bhi fursat na-hogi kyu?zki mujhe kisi-dost-ke yaha?z jana hai : umedwar huw ki yih do din mujhe mu'Tif-rakhiyega: in-sha'a-llahu ta"ala, parsow, kh'ah ma-M'ah, hazir (i liungri . Ziyada hadd-i adab. No. II. jK7mdawand-i m"mat, salamat ! ka'I hafte hu'e ki char hazar rupai, is- pargane-ke mahsul-kl babat, ShaiM Imam BaMsh jam"-dar-ki rna"rifat, huzur-i pur-nur-mera bheje-ham ; aur ab-tak rasid us- ki huzur-i faiz-ganjur-se is-fidwi-ko nahm pahunchi : is-liye kamal tashwish lahiA-i hal hai : ummed ki jaldi-se do kalime, mab\agh-i mazkur-ki rasid-me^, irAam-farma'iye, ki is-haksar- ki khatir jam" ho. No. III. nawazish-farmane-wale, salamat ! shau mulakat ka aisa nahm-hai jo likhne-ke Aabil ho : 77iuda-ki dargah-mew, rat din, du"a-manga-karta-huw ki ko'I aisa sabab ho, jis-se, jaldi, Mair o khubi-ke sath, didar ap-ka muyassar a'e : janab-i "ali-se tawa^u" yun hai ki hamesha mulakat-ke hasil-hone-talak is dost-dar-ko Matt likha- karew ; aur, jo kuchh kam Midmat is mulk-mew ho, be-takalluf tahrir-farmawew, ki main, apni sa"adat jankar, ba-j No. IV. Nauwab-i nam-dar, salamat ! ap-ka ^^at, ghorow-ki talab-mew, pahuncha, aur is hakir-ko sar-faraz-farmaya. fidwi-ne, ^^att-ke pahunchte- hi, harkare, talash-ke' liye, ja-ba-ja bheje : chunanchi char ghore, bahut Masse, asil, be-"aib, hazar rupai-ko, ek jagah- se hath-a'e ; aur un-ko huzur-i "ali-me^ irsal-kiya ; aur char sa'is un-ke sath kar-diye. ummed ki jis-wa&t we huzur-me?z pahunchew, us-wa^t sarkar-ke munshiyon-ko hukm howe ki un- ki rasid fidwi-ko likhew. Ziyada hadd-i ad&b. 10 FAMILIAR PHRASES, TO BE COMMITTED TO MEMORY. I. How are you to-day ? How is your honour's health ? Praise be to God ! It is very good. Health to your honour ! Salutation ! I present my services. I make prayer (for you.) Good-by, (or, God be your") protector.) \ aj turn kaise ho ? ap-ka mizaj kaisa hai ? alhamdu lillah ! bahut achchha hai. hazrat salamat ! salam ! bandagi "arz-karta hurc. du"a karta him. hafiz. ii. Who are you ? What is your name ? What do you want ? Where do you stay ? What do you say ? Who is that? Bring water for drinking. Take care ! Be careful. turn kaun ho ? tumhara nam kya hai ? turn kya chahte ho ? turn kahaw rahte ho ? turn ky& kahte ? wuh kaun hai ? pine-ka pan! la'o. Mabardar ! ho. III. What is your command ? Shut the door. Open the door. Light the lamp. Extinguish the candle. Don't forget. Remain silent. There is no end of thy") chattering. j hukm kya hai ? darwaza hand-karo. darwaza kholo. chiray/i jala'o. batti bujha'o. bhuliyo mat. chup raho. tere bakne-ki intiha nahm. IV. Don't make a noise. Come near. Go quickly. No matter. Say that again. Speak easy Hindustani. What is this ? Call for the palanquin. Has your master risen ? shor mat karo. nazdik a'o. jaldi ja'o. kuchh muzayaka nahiw. wuh phir kaho. sails Hindustani bolo. yih kya hai ? palki manga'o. sahib urtia hai ? V. Go out of the house. Wash your hands. Bring a little cold water. What sort of animal is this ? Bring the inkstand, pen and paper. Who is that European ? Whose horse is that ? Whose house is this ? What is the hour ? ghar-se niklo. apne hath dho'o. thora-sa fhanda pan! la'o. yih kaunsa j an war hai ? dawat kalam ka^/iaz la'o. wuh Gora kaun hai ? wuh kis-ka ghora hai ? yih kis-ka ghar hai ? ghari kya hai ? He is a blockhead. Go away. You are dismissed. Bring some wine and- water. I am not at leisure. Listen ! Can you speak English ! VI. wuh be-wukuf hai. chale-ja'o. ruMsat hai. kuchh sharab pam la'o. fursat nahirc. suno ! turn Angrezi bol-sakte ho ? Where shall we stop to-night ? aj-ki rat ham kahaw rahenge ? VII. Seek for it. us-ko dhundho. Is any thing for eating and waharc kuchh khane-pme-ki chiz drinking to be got there ? What is the matter ? I don't know, (or, it is not") known to us.) J What is the name of this village ? What is the price of this ? ~v hamare hath bechoge ? Will you sell it to me, (or, 1 into my hand ?) J Certainly, sir. milti hai ? kya hai ? ham-ko ma"lum nahiw. is-basti-ka nam kya hai ? is-ka mol kya hai ? albatta, sahib. VIII. Do you smoke ? Make haste. Is this horse Arabian, Persian, or English ? Enough ! It is the same thing. Speak slowly. Speak distinctly, (separating your words,) then I shall understand. turn hukka pite ? jaldi karo. yih ghora Tazi, ya Farsi, ya Angrezi hai ? bas! ek-hi h3i. rah-rahke bolo. bol bol juda kar bolo, to ham samjhenge. 13 IX, Where is your native country ? Not to interrupt you, (or, ~) pardon the freedom.) J [e is a great rogue. Speak without ceremony. He speaks fluently. He tells me one story, and you tell me something quite dif- ferent. Would to God that I could speak to them myself ! tumhara watan kahara hai ? gustaA/u mu" af. wuh saMt badzat hai. be takalluf bolo. wuh salasat-se bolta. wuh mujh-se ek bat kahta hai, aur turn kuchh aur hi kahte ho. kash ki maw ap un-se bol- sakta ! ARTICLES OF WAR. THE following are some of the most important of the articles of war. The Hindustani version was made, under the directions of Major-General Sir Robert Abercrombie, in 1796. SECTION II. ARTICLE 2. jo-ko'i bara ya chhotfa "uhde- dar ya sipahi be-adabi kare general ya kisu bare sardari fauj ke hakk-mew ; ya bat kahe ki-jis-se be-wakri ya a nuksan un-ka ho-sake, tau wuh apni taksir-ke muwafik saza pawega, lashkari "adalat ya"ne court- martial ki tajwiz-se. Any officer or soldier who shall behave himself with con- tempt or disrespect towards the general, or other commander - in-chief of the forces, or shall speak words tending to his hurt or dishonour, shall be punished according to the nature of his offence, by the judgment of a court-martial. SECTION II. ARTICLE 3. ko'I "uhde-dar ya sipahi jo apne risale-mew, ya company, ya palten, ya regiment mew, ya aur-kisirisale ya company men, ya lashkar-mew, ya kisi ta"m- ati-par, ya thane-par, ya chauki pahre-par, kisu sabab-se kuchh danga ya fasad shuru"-kare, ya machawe, ya sharik kisi fitne- men ho we, tau wuh mara-ja'ega jan-se, ya aisi saza pawega jaisi court-martial tfiahrawe. Any officer or soldier who shall begin, excite, cause, or join in any mutiny or sedition in the troop, company, or regiment, to which he belongs, or in any other troop or company in the service, or on any party, post, detachment, or guard, on any pretence whatsoever, shall suf- fer death, or such other punish- ment as by a court-martial shall be inflicted. SECTION II. ARTICLE 4. jo-ko'I chho^a bara "uhde-dar ya sipahi, kisi dange ya fasad- merc hazir hoke, apne makdur bhar usi-ko maimed na-kare ; ya kisu dange ya us-ke irade-se wakif hoke, trunt apne sardar- ko is-ki Mabar na-pahunchawe, tau saza us-ki court-martial ki tajwiz-se katl hoga, ya aur- tarah-ki tambih apni taksir-ke la'ik pawega. Any officer, non-commissioned officer, or soldier, who, being present at any mutiny or sedi- tion, does not use his utmost efforts to suppress the same, or coming to the knowledge of any mutiny, or intended mu- tiny, does not without delay give information thereof to his commanding-officer, shall be punished by a court-martial with death or otherwise, ac- cording to the nature of his offence. 15 SECTION II. ARTICLE 5. ko'i"uhde-dar ya sipahi joapne- se bare ya kadim "uhde-dar-ko mare, ya talwarus-par khainche, ya khaincha-chahe, ya kisii hathyar-ko utfhawe, ya kisi tarah-ki zabardasti namud- kare, kisu hujjat-se ; ya apne- se bare ya kadira "uhde-dar-ka ko'I wajibi hukm na-mane, tau wuh mar-c/ala-ja'ega ; ya aur- ko'I aisi siyasat jo us-ke gunah- ke muwafik hogi, court-martial ki tajwiz-se us-ko di-ja'egi. Any officer or soldier who shall strike his superior officer, or draw, or offer to draw, or shall lift up any weapon, or offer any violence against him (being in the execution of his office,) on any pretence whatsoever, or shall disobey any lawful command of his superior officer, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as shall, according to the nature of his offence, be inflicted upon him by the sen- tence of a court-martial. SECTION V. ARTICLE 1. sab-ko'I "uhde-dar, ya sipahi, jo talab pake, ya apne nam lik- hakar dastur muwafik naukari- mew, phir us-se jo bhagera aur yih sabit ho, tau un-ki saza maut hogi, ya aur-ko'I siyasat jaisi court-martial se tfhahra'i- ja'egl. All officers and soldiers who, having received pay, or having been duly enlisted in the ser- vice, shall be convicted of hav- ing deserted the s.ame, shall suffer death, or such other pun- ishment as by a court-martial shall be inflicted. SECTION V. ARTICLE jo hawal-dar, ya aur-ko'i chho^a "uhde-dar, ya sipahi, apne sar- dar-ki ruMsat bina, apne risale, Any non-commissioned officer or soldier who shall, without leave from his commanding- 16 ya company, ya kisi ta"xnati-se, apne-la'm g^air-hazir kare, aur yih us-par sabit ho, tau apm taksir-ke muwafik saza pawega, court-martial ki tajwiz-se. officer, absent himself from his troop or company, or from any detachment with which he shall be commanded, shall, upon being convicted thereof, be punished according to the na- ture of his offence, at the dis- cretion of a court-martial. SECTION VIII. ARTICLE g. chahiye ki ko'i "uhde-dar na- bachawe kisi karazdar-ko us-ke mahajanow-se, sipahi hone-ki hujjat-se : jo "uhde-dar is bat- ka taksirwar Aahre court-mar- tial men, naukri-se jawab pa- wega. No officer shall protect any person from his creditors on the pretence of his being a sol- dier ; any officer offending here- in, being convicted thereof be- fore a court-martial, shall be cashiered. SECTION IX. ARTICLE 1. agar ko'i chho^a ya bara "uhde- dar, ya sipahi, yih samjhe, ki uske apne sardar, ya aur-kisu "uhde-dar-ne us-par kuchhzulm yabejakiya-ho, tau us-ko apne regiment, ya risale, ya company ke sardar-se is bat-ki nalish karni hogi, aur us sardar-ko chahiye isi a'inki ru-se, ki court-martial ko jama"-kare faryadi-ke insaf karne-ke liye. If any commissioned officer or inferior officer or soldier shall think himself wronged by his superior or other officer, he is to complain thereof to the com- mandyig-officer of the regiment, troop, or company, who is here- by required to summon a court- martial, for the doing justice to the complainant. 17 SECTION X. ARTICLE 2. jo ko'I hawal-dar ya aur-ko'i chhofti "uhde-dar, ya sipahi beche, ya jan-bujhkar ya gha- flat-se, kharab-kare, wuhi barut goli ya tote jo us-ko hawale hu'e ham sirkar-ke kam-ko, aur yih bat palfani court-mar- tial men us-par tfhahre, tau wuh jo chhoZa "uhdedar ho, sipahi- ke darje-mew ake mar bhi kha- 'ega, jaisa ko'i-aur sipahi aisa taksirwar mar khata hai, court- martial ki marzi-se. Whatsoever non-commissioned officer or soldier shall be con- victed at a regimental court- martial of having sold, or de- signedly, or through neglect, wasted the ammunition deli- vered out to him to be em- ployed in the service, shall, if a non-commissioned officer, be reduced to a private sentinel, and shall besides suffer cor- poral punishment, in the same manner as a private sentinel so offending, at the discretion of a regimental court-martial. SECTION XI. ARTICLE 1. sab-ko'i hawaldar, ya aur-ko'I chhofe "uhdedar, ya sipahi, jo lashkar ke makam-se adh-kos- par pa'e-jawew, bina apne sar- dar-ki ruMsat-ki chichi ; tau un-ko aisi tambih milegi jaisi court-martial ki tajwiz-se Zhah- ra'i ja'egi. All non-commissioned officers and soldiers who shall be found one mile from the camp, with- out leave in writing from the commanding-officer, shall suf- fer such punishment as shall be inflicted upon them by the sentence of a court-martial. SECTION XL ARTICLE 5. jo-ko'i bara "uhdedar, aphi chauki-pahre-par, ya ta"inati, Whatever commissioned offi- cer shall be found drunk on 18 yd, kisu-aur Midmat-par, hathi- yar-bandhe-hu'ematwala paya- jawe ; tau is bat-ke waste bar- taraf hoga; au ko'i chho^a "uhdedar ya sipahi jo aisa gunah kare, eti mar kha'egl jeti court-martial ki tajwiz-merc rtiahra'i-ja'egi. his guard, party, or other duty under arms, shall be cashiered for it; any non-commissioned officer or soldier so offending, shall surfer such corporal pun- ishment as shall be inflicted by the sentence of a court-martial. SECTION XL -ARTICLE 6. ko'i sentry, ya"ne pahre-dar sipahi, jo apne pahre-ki jagah- par sote-hu'e pakra-jawe, ya us jagah-ko chhore, ba-ka'ida badli-ke age ; tau wuh katl- hoga, ya aur-ko'I siyasat jaisi court-martial tajwiz-kare waisi pawega. Whatever sentinel shall be found sleeping upon his post, or shall leave it before he shall be regularly relieved, shall suf- fer death, or such other pun- ishment as shall be inflicted by the sentence of a court-mar- tial. SECTION XI. ARTICLE 12. jo-ko'I "uhdedar, ya sipahi, dushman-ke samhne kuchal kare, ya be-^/iairati-se kisi thane-ko jo nigahbam-ke waste us-ke hawale hai chhor-jawe, ya baten kahe ki-jin-se aur-log waisi-hi kuchall karew, tau chahiye ki wuh jan-se mara- ja'ega. Whatsoever oflicer or soldier shall misbehave himself before the enemy, or shamefully abandon any post committed to his charge, or shall speak words inducing others to do the like, shall suffer death. 19 SECTION XL ARTICLE 18. jo-ko'I dushman-se Matt-kita- bat-ki ru-se, ya zabani "alaka rakhe, ya ap kuchh AAabar pahunchawe, ya kisu wasile-se, aur yih bat sabit ho ; tau jan- se mara-ja'ega, ya aur-ko'I siyasat jo court-martial men tfhahregi, so us-ko milegi. Whosoever shall be convicted of holding correspondence with, or giving intelligence to the enemy, either directly or indi- rectly, shall suffer death, or such punishment as by a court- martial shall be inflicted. SECTION XI. ARTICLE 20. agar ko'I "uhdedar, ya sipahi, apne tfhane, ya nishan-ko chhor jawe lu-pa-ki talash- me/z, aur yih bat us-par court- martial men tahkik-ho ; tau wuh katl-hoga, ya aisi siyasat pawega jaisi court-martial rtiahrawe. If any oiBficer or soldier shall leave his post or colours to go in search of plunder, he shall, upon being convicted thereof before a court-martial, suffer death, or such other punish- ment as by a court-martial shall be inflicted. SECTION XI. ARTICLE 22. lashkar-ke tamam baniye duk- andar wa-^Aaire kunjre bha- rtiiyare lage lipte, aur sab-ko'I admi jin-ne fauj-ka sattt pakra, go-ki likhe-hu'e sipahiyow-mew we nahm haiw, tau bhi lashkari a'm o ka'ide-se hukmow-ko manna hoga unhew. All suttlers and retainers to a camp, and all persons whatso- ever serving with the forces in the field, though no enlisted soldiers, are to be subject to orders, according to the rules and discipline of war. SECTION XV. ARTICLE 1. chahiye ki upar-ki likhiw-hu'Iw a' new ekbar har ek do mahlne- ke "arse-mew parhi aur zahir- ki-jawew, harek regiment, ri- sale, pal&m, ya company ke samhne jis-ki ginti hoti-ho ya hone-ko hai naukari-mew ; aur chahiye ki darobast "uhdedar au sipahi, jo naukari-mew hu'e ya ho'enge, sab a'mow-ko' > amal- karew aur harf-ba-harf un-ko mane/z. The foregoing articles are to be read and published every two months, at the head of every regiment, troop, or com- pany, mustered or to be mus- tered in the service; and are to be duly observed, and ex- actly obeyed, by all officers and soldiers who are or shall be in the service. NOTE TO THE LEARNER. The grammatical inflections in Hindustani are not numerous. Those of the pronouns have been incorporated with the follow- ing vocabulary : Among nouns, all inflected plurals end in on Most masculines in a or d, substitute, in the oblique cases of the sing., and in the nom. pi. ... e Feminine plurals end in . aw or en The verbal terminations are - Of the past tense, or par- ticiple, .... a (pi. e.fem. i.) Present tense, or participle, . ta (pi. ie.fem. ti.) Future-aorist, . . . uw, e, e; en, o, en Future-definite, . . . uwga, ega, ega; ewge, oge, ewge. Imperative 2d pers. pi. . o Past conjunctive participle, (" having done so and so,") e, ke, kar, karke, karkar. By substituting the infinitive termination, na, for any of the others, the verb will be reduced to the form in which it is to be sought in the Vocabulary. VOCABULARY- NOTE The letters, A, P, and S, prefixed to the words in the Vocabulary, indicate that the words are either pure Arabic, Persian, and Sanskrit words, or forms of these, more or less corrupted. It has been considered unnecessary (see Gram. 2 6.) to use different forms of English type to indicate the different kinds of s or #, &c. in the Vocabulary, where the Oriental characters are in immediate juxtaposition with the English transcript. S. ab-tak, till I. \ alif. ab, now ; ( now. P. L-*>1 ab, water. A. +&\j>\ Ibrahim, Abraham. S. ^^^ ab-hi, just now. S. L-^ I ap, self, you Sir, his wor- ship, &c. ; L--> I Jb L-->| ap-hi ap, of his own accord. S. UjJ apna (one's) own. apne-ko, himself (ace. of ap). ati, very. ufarna, to take down, or take off. S. \$J>\ utarna, to descend. A. ^\>\ ittifak, concurrence. A. \s\&\ ittifakan, by chance. H. llj) Una, thus much, as much as this ; ittna, as much as that. H. ^ J&\ atkal-pachchu, at f andom. S. ^3'T ath, eight. >S^. Ul^3'\ uthdria, to raise. S. U^>\ uthna, to rise. S. I aj t to-day. A. OjU-\ ijazat, permission, /. S. H. Cil3W\ achanak, suddenly. S. \>>\ achchha, good. A. \>\Jx>\ ihtiyat, caution, /. A. ^L->-l ihsan, beneficence. A. ( j?-\ ahmak, blockhead. A. J\j->-^ ahwal, circumstances ; (^^Tv J\5-=*-^ ahwal- pur si, inquiry after one's circum- stances, /. A. b^)c&-\ ikhtilat, conversation. A.j\uj&-\ ikhtiyar, choice, power. A.^p-T akhir, at last. A. C^p-T akhirat, futurity, the world to come,/ A. (jo^W ikhJJas, affection. S. ^b) udas, sorrowful. A. (~J5\ adab, politeness. P. >]jf$i adam-zad, man. P. ^^T adml, a man. H.jfc^\ idhar, hither, on this side ; udhar, thither, on that side. A. C*&\ aziyat, injury,/. A. $y irada, wish, intention. P. dJU^T arasta, adorned, arranged. P. AT aram, comfort, health. J P. jjj\ arzu, desire, /. A. JU^ irsal, act of sending ; irsal- karna, to send. A. +Sj\ irkam, act of writing ; ^r- kam-karna, to write. H. Ur^ argaja, a kind of perfume. P. ^ arm, a saw. & (jj\ are, Holla ! Sirrah ! S. 13 \J! urana, to cause to fly, -to steal. 5. \3,\ wrw, to fly. P. ayJT azurda, vexed ; jtU- a^jT azurda-khatir, vexed in mind. P. H. UUjT azmana, to try. H. ^\ &, this ; us, that. (Inflected forms.) P. ^1^1 asaw, easy. ^T asra, refuge, abode. S. ^j-^T dsan, a seat, a posture (adopted byjogis in their de- votions). P. a^T asuda, quiet, contented. H. ( ^+*\ ise, to this ; use, to that, or to him, or him. S. (j~**\ asts, benediction, / A. *j&\ ishara, a signal. P. UaT ashna, an acquaintance. S. ^l^ ashnan, bathing. P. ^Ij&l ashna i, acquaintanceship. P. e6Lj I ashiyana, a nest. A. J-^ 5^, genuine. A.j^l>\ atwar, manners. A. &\ a"la, Most High. A. ul*jl 5/aA calamity,/. \ akbar, greatest ; name of a Mogul emperor. S. \-&i&=>\ ikatha, in one place (adj.) aksar, often. ukharna, to pluck up. S. A +&&>\ akela, alone. S. ^J\ ag, fire, /. P. al^T agah, informed of, intelli- gent ; ^_jl^T agah-tar, more intelligent. P.J\ agar, if. S. LL^\ ugna, to grow. S. ./! age, before ; in front. A. J 1 al, progeny, f: A. isjJ\ albatta, certainly. A. Olfl--N iltifat, ^kindness, /. H. U^.Vi)\ ulta-phirna, to turn back. A. s*as&\ alkissa, in short. H. U^M ulahna, complaint. H. \JL^r^ uUchna, to bale. A. ( ^*\ imtihan, experiment. P. \ ambari, a hauda or litter, /. ^^-jlfc jb L ^jLjJ\ ambari-dar hathi, an elephant bearing a hauda. S. Ifcjuo ^ an-bedha, unbored. P.jjo\ andar, within. andha, blind. andheri, darkness, /. j> jo\ andesha, thought, anxiety. li ^ w shaallahu tcTala, if it please God the Most High. \ iri'am, a present. the eye, /. ungti, a finger, /. P. A. A. S. S. JoJT anand, joy. inhon, these ; unhon, those, he. (Honorific inflected forms of yih and wuh.) , inhen, these, or to these ; unhen, those, or to those. P. ;^T awaz, sound, voice,/. jj j j> f j\ upar, up, upon, over. *^j> f j\ uparla, upper. H. \3Wy& ij^rj^ ojhal ho-jana, to be- come concealed. bj\ uda, brown. H. \j\ aur, and, also ; more, other. A. Jjl awwalan, at first. A. &j\ auldd, offspring, /. C-Oj^ unt, a camel. P. T ah, a sigh, alas ! P. jc~J&T ahiste, gently, slowly. H. (j $\ oCe, they came; ai, she came (from bT ana). H. bT aya, he came (fro'm bT ana). A. \ jo\ f^G, injury, /. H. L*>\ awa, such. H. ,<**>j aise, thus. S. ckloj eA;, one. ,^J\ &\ eka-eki or (Pjb CiiJoj ek-bargz, all at once ; ^^o.^ ^-Ae, just one. P. ^.^T am, regulation, rules. P. &3ooT a ma, a mirror. II. t^ BE. P. b 6a, with. P. eJ^?jb ba-wasf, notwithstanding. A. L-^b bob, a chapter. T. bb baba, father, Sir ! child ! bb ^U- baba jan, dear child ! A. Clob 6a6a^, on account, /. H. < ->b bap, father. S. Ob ^G^ speech, word, affair,/. \^>-b bajna, or U^3'\ b baj-uthna, ^. ' to resound. P. sUs^b badshah, a king. P. <^&\%*5\>'badshahat, royalty,/. P. ^bUi^b badshalw, royal. p. p. s. s. p. p. p. A. A. A. S. S. S. s. H. P S. p. s. H. S. S. s. s. H. H. P. S. H. JV V rain, /. , at least. jb bar, edge (of a knife, &c.), /. bjb barya, a whetter. H. Lu^jb baz-rahna, to cease, desist. j^jb bazar, a market, jjb bazu, the arm, the fold (of a door). bafin, the heart, mind. ba v is, cause, reason. remaining ; bLJ&. j>b rahna, to remain left. ^ balak-pan, childhood. Ijob banta, share. banchna, to read. bandhna, to bind. 6wc??, a female slave. > bawar, belief; b^jjb bawar karna, to believe. bahar, outside. ^fcb bet-ham, together. ^jbb bayan, left (hand, &c.) ^ bafana, to point out. J batua, a purse. bithlana, to cause to sit. JU: bajana, to play (on a mu- sical instrument). >jUi bicharna, to think. >\| bachana, to save. J^s bachna, to escape. i bachcha, a young one. i bkhhana, to spread. 5. P. P. P. A. A. P. A. H. H. \j> S. P. H. S. S. S. fy S. H. P. P. A A. i bichhnd, to be spread. bichhauna, bedding. bakhra, portion. i bakhshna, to give, forgive. ^flfc?, bad ; J^j 1 Jo bad-awaz, ill-voiced ; Ote Jo bad-ztit, villain ; jpu^ jo bad-finati, ill-nature, /. exchange. , in exchange, in re- turn for. 9 badan, the body. jo ba-daulat, by means. badhna, a vessel for drink- ing water from. bura, bad. barabar, uniform, equal, alike. Brahman, a Brahman. bar-bad, (given) to the winds, thrown away. > barchhi, a spear, f. > baras, a year. birah, separation. bara, great, large. bWj? burha-pa, old age. jJ barhana, to augment, extend. '^ barhna, to increase, proceed. burhiya, an old woman. J*o uL/jJ^ buzurg-manishj noble- minded. .* ba-sabab, by reason. (*^ bismi-l-lahi- r - rahmani -r- rahim, In the name of God the most mer- ciful. S. \JL*J basna, to dwell. S. (Jy bish, poison. A. JuO ba'd, after. A. JouO ba'id, far. P. ( ^Jo baghal, the arm-pit ; J-*-J bb^ (jru baghal men dabana, to take under one's arm. S. \f> bakra, a he-goat. S. 3k6 6#g-J, a crane. S. Jj 6*7, a burrow. A. ^J 6a/a, calamity, evil, /. H. b^J bulana, to call. P. &5Cb ' balkit moreover, but. H. b\^b bulwana, to cause to call. S. ^> billi, a she-cat. H. \ joub balenda, a ridge-pole. A. ^ dtw, son (of). S. /.^ 6aw, a wood. ^ 6m, without ; jjb ^b ^ 6m c?awe joaw?, without eating or drinking. H. \JJ banna, to be made. H. b\J^ banana, to make, adjust. P. JoJ 6wc?, a bond ; b^ JuJ 6aw<5?- karna, or U^.^jJo band-kar- dena, to bind, stop. P. ^Jo^ bandagi, service, /. P. JsJj banda, a slave. b \ybJuJ bandhwana, to cause to be bound. P. L^JOJ 6aw6?J, a female slave. H. P. H. P. H. H. P. H. S. H. S. P. H. S. P. 8. H. banwana, to cause to be made. bujhna, to think. t boriya, a mat. 6o^, to speak, say. a, by, with, in, to. > bhagna, to flee. bhant, manner, sort, /. ty* bhai, brother. ^J bahut, much, many, very. > bihtar, better, good, well. bahutera, much. bhijwana, to cause to send. bhar, full, whole (added pleo- nastically to words denoting extent or duration). bahra, deaf. bharna, to fill. ^J bharbkunja, a man who parches grain. bihishti, a water-carrier. > bahkana, to beguile. Bhagwan, God. bhala, good. **&& bhalai, goodness, /. ba-ham, together ; bl^rfcv ^ ba-ham pahunchana,to acquire. bhor, dawn,/. bhukh, hunger, /. > bhulna, to forget, be misled. bhaunra, a large black bee. bhi, also, even. b/iaiya, brother. S. H. S. S. S. H. S. p. A. S. S. H. S. bhttar, within. $? bhejna, to send. ', a secret. , a sheep, /. j> bheriya, a wolf. ', disguise. bhena, sister*. bhains, a she-buffalo. be, without ; ^Uo>\ ^j, be-insafi, injustice, /. ; ^=^ beti, a daughter. >j bich in the midst, among. ? bechna, to sell. Bedpay, Pilpay. S. H. H. S. S. S. S. S. Birbal, a proper name. J bis, twenty. o bail, a bull. bent, a handle. byaura, explanation, detail. S. S. H. P. S. S. S. P. III. (^ PE. Ob /?/, a throne. ^)*>b JOG*, near, beside. jjb JDGW, betel-leaf. Ub JOGWG, to get, find. gJ\^panch, five. (j^r'b panchwan, fifth. ^ J^b pan-dan, a betel-box. Sb paniv, leg, foot. b jt?^^^, water, m. ) joa^o, a leaf. > jow^r, a son. ^=Cb. patakna, to dash on the ground. c^, fifty. gg pachchham, west. Jkag pukhta, baked, solid. j^J^. Padmamati, name of a princess. , upon, but. pradhan, a minister (of state). parson, the day after to- morrow, the day before yes- terday. j). pargana, an inferior divi- sion of a country. P. P. P. S. S. p. p. H. S. H, (J*jjj> { parrvarish, nourishment,/. a H. S. S. S. H. S. S. S. S. ^ pareshan, perplexed. U^jpflrwa, to fall. 13WJJ parhana, to cause to read ; IJLfcj lfc^-J parha-rahna, to re- main teaching to read. Ufcjj parhna, to read. \j> f pas, then, therefore. H. 131 J^i~4 pasand-ana, to be approved, to please. Uj& 4 pukarna, to shout. 13 &. pakana, to' cook. pakarna, to lay hold of. (N.B. In pakre, Story 6th, the second a is dropped by Rule 24. c.) jso pakarwana, to cause to be seized. Jo pakwan, sweetmeats, vic- tuals fried in butter or oil. pakhal, a water-bag, /. pakheru, a bird. P a 8 r ^ a turban, /. . pilaria, to cause to drink. palang, a bedstead. uo. panthy a road. ^H panchami, the fifth* day of the lunar fortnight, /. panchhi, a bird. C-> juo pandit, learned. b pankha, a fan. , a bundle, /. S. U-^ puja, worship, /. S. \ty>- puchhna, to ask. S. \j^ pura, full ; \3^s karna, to fulfil. P. d^J^) post, a poppy capsule. P. (Jf* 5 ^. joo5^, a sot, who intoxicates himself with infusion of poppy heads. P. Cil^^ poshak, raiment, /. S. U3l^v pahchanna, to recognise. H.jftphir, again. S. j^.pahar,&vrsLtch (of three hours). H. 13^> phirna, to turn, walk about, go round. H. ^> pahla (or pahila), first. H. ^^ pahle, at first. . pahannai to put on (clothes). ^^> pahnana, to cause to put on. H. Ul^Tv pahunchana, to convey. H. \J^hri pahunchna, to arrive. llyJ^jj, phansna, to be entangled, o^w/, a flower. phulna, to blossom. ^er, again, back. H. U^j^> phailana, to scatter. \&*g>.phenkna, to throw ; CtlsJa^. U>S phenk-dena, to throw away. jU) joyar, fondness. \^U> pyara, beloved. P. a3L> piyala, a cup. ^joo. pithy the back, /. U^jkA) paithna, to penetrate, enter. \v pichha, the rear, pursuit. 8 ) S. ^^ pichhe, after. S. j pit-, pain, / P. jo pir, an old man ; murshid, Venerable Sir ! P. JjuJ paigham, a message. . P. ^U JL> paiman, a promise. 5. \JLx-> jt?ma, to drink ; IjUo hukka pina, to smoke a pipe. S. CijuLJ pmak, intoxication and drowsiness from opium, /. IV. O TE. P. j\3 taza, fresh. P. 3bj\3 taziyana, a whip ; eobj\3 13.1/c taziyana-marna, to scourge. P. L-$\3 #z/a6, a pond. A. J*\!> taammul, reflection. u^ tab, then (#ofo.) ; ^^^ tabhi, then indeed, at that very time ; ^*A i^c+i tabhi se, thence- forth." sjj tajriba, experience. Usi tajna, to abandon. tujh, thee (inflected form). 2 tujhe, thee, or to thee. tahrir, writing, /. ; ^j^ tahnr-karna, or (respectfully) OUjJj-^ tahrir-farmana, to write. P. &Ia2 takhta, a plank. 5. JO toe?, then. tadbir, deliberation, con- trivance, prudence, /. A. S. H. H. S. A. S. A. A. A. H. A A. A. S. S. S p. A. A. A. A. S. H. A. P. H. tarbiyat, education, /. ; > tarbiyat-karna, to educate. quickly. trisul, a trident, o tis, that (inflected form). J tasalU, consolation, /. tise, that, or to that. > tashmsh, distraction,/ ^liuo ta'zim, respect, /. -xLo tcPUm, tuition, /. j taksir, fault,/. tak, till, up to. ,^=i) takrar, an altercation, /. ifli^=o takalluf, ceremony. \.;< :: a!> takna, to look, watch. talash, search, /. talwar, a sword, /. ^> tale, down, under. J> ^i, you. tamacha, a blow. tamasha, a sight, fun. P- Ci^ {J**^+* tamash-bm, a spec- tator. *W> tamam, entire, all. p tamassuk, a note of hand, a bond. tumhara, your. tumhen, you, or to you. tfm, those (inflected form), ^xi) tambura, a drum. &JL> ^awa, a stem. tinhen, those, or to those. y to or tau, then. S. y tu, thou. A. *^y tarvazu\ civility, / H. J}-*^> tor, the bag in which horses eat their corn. H. U : y tora, a purse (of IGOO rupees). S. ^jy torna, to break. A. *y tawakku\ hope, / UJ fttfwa, to weigh. j S. ^y ton or fa^m, then. H. l$!i ^a, was. A. CU^3 tuhmat, imputation,/. H. ^ : ^> thord, a little, small. H. ^2$ the, were ; thi, was, /. H. ^ju^ thaild, a purse. ^..Ui taiydr, ready. , an arrow ; . mama, to let fly an arrow, or to hit with an arrow. P. {J$&\J(P fir-andazz, archery,/. H. \jfJ tera, thy. P. jjO ^5;, sharp ; ^ jO tez-fahm, of acute intellect. H. UJL> torn, such. S. ,Jj5 te^, an oilman. S. ^jo ^m, three ; ^y^> /Jwow, all three. b CEREBRAL TE. H. , leg, /. , to be broken. thakur, a Rajput lord. a residence. H. J^jk^5 thathol, a wag. H. U)^3 tahalna, to ramble. H. \ Ju^3' thandd, cold. H. ^^>' thahrdnd, to fix, appoint. H. U-^AJ* thaharnd, to stop, be fixed. VI. - JIM. P. W ^a, a place, /. P. UjW ja-baja, everywhere. S. U^U- jagna* to awake. P. ^W JGW, life, soul, f. S. UU- ^ana, to go ; Uj^ liJU- jafa rahna, to remain going, or to go entirely away. S. lU- janna, to know, think ; eo l^Jb ^^r U^ ^ V Wflf janiye kyd kuchh hoga, we cannot tell what all may be. P. \y>\=? jdnwar, an animal. S. i^f^jab, when ; C*Jo ^s>-jab tak, till when, as long as ; --*? u^j eo jab na tab, now and then, perpetually. H. Ul?- ^7w, as much as. P. ^Jo- juda, separate. S. (j^-jis, whom, which. (Inflected form.) S. --7- y/^ft whom, or to whom. H. '^- jagah, a place, /. P. jb- jald, quick. P. ^^-jaldi, quickness,/.; quickly. S. UL>- jalna, to burn. 6 10 H. ' A. A. , collection ; , to assemble. A. P. .\i> ..*.-,,. 7- yam" ^ar, a native officer of the army so called. jin, whom. (Inflected form.) U^- janab, majesty, /. ; t-^lo- Jk&janabi^ali, Your sublime Majesty. jins, species, /. S. J^i>- jang al t a forest. S. J>. janam, birth ; jjJU^ J^^ janamghunti, a medicine given to new-born infants, /. H. (jj^?- jinhofi, who. (Honorific inflected form.) H. ij^r jinhen, whom, or to whom. S. y> jo, who ; jo or y^, if, when ; (^^ 'y> jo koz, whoever. A. L-^^ jawab, an answer. P. ^3^ jawani, youth, /. A.jfc\y> jawahir, jewels. H. jjj>~ joru, a wife. ^9. ^^- jora, a suit (of clothes). S. \yjy>- jorna, to join. S. ^Lfj>- jog, fit. r jogi, a devotee. jaun, who ; yo/i or jaun, as, when. Jaunpur, name of a city. > jaunsa, such as. a bush; jhar jhur, a thicket, /. P. l-?- jahan, the world ; H. \JL> jahan panah, Asylum of the world, Your Majesty. S. (L+$>- jhat, quickly. H. %> jhatka, a shake, jerk. H. ^j^^>- jhagarna, to quarrel. H. Ul-=- jhalna, to fan, to move to and fro as a fan. H. iju^r jhund, a swarm. S. ^jtyr jhuth, false, falsehood. H. ^jQfr jholi, a wallet, /. 8. i^> fij life, mind, m. H. '^ji, Sir. S. f Qg J! A > ^VM, the second Hindu month (May June). S. \ **..> jaisa, such as. /S*. \^*s~ jma, to live. VII. - CHIM. CE. P. P. P. P. U c^ar, four ; ^j ankhen, or ^.^j nazren, the eyes of two per- sons meeting. eob^W charpaya, quadruped. c^VW charpai, bedstead,/. cA5/5A, celerity, /. the moon. chandm, moonlight,/. Jy W chanwal rice. LiLihW chahna, to love, wish. (N. B. In Story 14, the aorist of this verb is used for the present.) chahiye, it is necessary. ( 11 ) chabena, parched grain. H. u^uss- chup, silent ; < >b chup chap, silently. chity mind, heart. chatur y clever. S- c*lr^ chaturaty cleverness,/. S. ^f>- charana, to feed (cattle). P. \^j>- charkha, a spinning-wheel. 8. 13^- chirnciy to be split or sawn. 8. ^j > chirwana, to cause to be torn. H.jl*^- chin-mar, a bird-catcher. H. U,5tf*- chuktiay to be finished. AS*. \j^>- chakwa, a ruddy goose ; /- chunna, to gather, arrange. P. &^^>- chunanchiy so that. S. llX- chintay thought, anxiety, /. P. Jo>- chand, how many ? several. S. (jjo^>- chandan, sandal -wood. S. J\ j^_JL_s*. chandaly a man of the lowest Hindu caste, a wretch. H.^I- changer, a flower-pot, tray,/ H. \y>- choa, a kind of perfume. 8. ( ***>.,?- chaub'tSy twenty-four. chau-paya, a quadruped. chaudciSy the fourteenth day of the lunar fortnight, / 8. - chon, theft,/. H. C^J^- chauk, a market. H. ( ^-^- chaukasl, watchfulness,/. 8. O-^-5^-- chaukhaty door-frame, m. or/. 5. I^^S^- chau-ghara, a box (with four partitions) for holding perfumes. S. \^j>- chulhuy a fire-place. H. U_j^ chaunknay to start up. H. Ifcj*. chuha, a rat, mouse. *S*. d^s>. cA^, six. H. JJ\4>- .chhafi, breast, /. S. y\^>- Man, roof, /. S. j>\-b>- chhanw, shadow, /. H. l^Vx^ chhipanay to hide. H. \ I t ^ >. chhipna, to be hidden, to lurk. H. l3lLxJl^- chhatpatana, to tumble about. S. ^54^-5- chhathly a religious ce- remony performed on the sixth day after child-birth, /. P. V^#v" chahchaha, warbling. S. \3^J^=>- chhidanay to perforate. H. UfeV^>. chhirakna, to sprinkle. S. \J\jj fa f chhurwanuy to cause to let go. S. \Jj$>- chhota, little. S. t^4*. chhutna, to abandon. s- c^/tor, edge, end. chhorrw, or U> dena, to quit, let go. H. ]/j&>- chhokra, a boy. P. jg>. chiz, a thing,/. S. *&> chela, a disciple, servant. H. - habsfw, an Abyssinian, Negro. A. L-^U?' ^z)a6, modesty, a veil. A. Jo- Mcfc?, boundary. A. (jof* hirs, greediness, /. A. CLsz>js~ harakat, motion, ges- ture, /. A. u^U-s*- hisab, a reckoning. A. Oj o ** hazrat, presence, Ma- jesty, / A.J^OP- huztir, presence. A. H. (jfcjo ^j>- hakk-men, in re- spect to. A.^a*- hakir, contemptible. A. C* a, A-fl->- hakikat, truth, narra- tion, state, /. A. Jo- Aw#w, a command. A. ^5o- hakim, a sage, physician. A. V- hairan, confounded. A. A. P. P. A. P. P. A. P. P. A. A. -^- A. P. P. P. A. A. A. P. P. A. P, P. P. P. IX. khassa, excellent. khatir, the mind ; > khatir-jam\ content,/. khak, the earth,/. khaksafy humble. empty ; ,$->Vfc ^Jli- empty-handed. khanddn, family. khawind, master. khabar, intelligence, /. khuda, God. khudawand, master. khidmat, service,/. P. A&o Jo- khidmat-gar, a servant. kharabi, mischief, mishap,/. khirad, wisdom, /. khar-gosh, a hare. '*- kharidna, to buy. khwhki, dry land, /. khaslat, disposition, /. khasam, a husband. las- khatt, a letter, epistle. \SL'S~ khafa, angry. y>- Mo, custom, disposition,/. khawassi, the place where one sits behind a great man on an elephant. ktiah-ma-ktiah, nolens volens, certainly. t>\y>- kfiahan, desirous. ktiahish, desire, /. khub, good. H. P. P. P. P. khubi, goodness, pleasant- ness, /. Mud, self. khurak, food,/. >- khush, pleasant ; J^T ^J*^- khush-awaz, pleasant-voiced. kTiMsKi, joy,/., joyfully. A. JVx*- khayal, imagination. A. <- ^>- khair, happiness,/.; a A OVg- khair at, charity,/. P. P. P. P. H. P. S. X. 3 DAL. Dabishtim (proper name). \jb Dara Shukoh (proper name). cb dagh, a mark, scar. ,*b dam, a net. *b dam, the twenty-fourth part of a paisa. 13 b dana, sage. f, a tooth ; (jvo ^^b danton men ungU dena, to put the finger between the teeth, to be amazed. <6b dana, corn. dahna, right (as opposed to left) ; (^.^ <^-fc^ dahne baen, to the right and left dabana, to press down, dar, a door, in ; (J ,\5 dar- pesh, in front. dirakht, a tree. dumst, right ; d^-*O S. P. P. P. P. P. P. P. S. P. P. P. A. A. A. S. S. P. P. H. durust-kirdar't, recti- tude of conduct, / darshan, interview. dargah, threshold, palace, /. darmanda, helpless, des- titute. j^ dar-miyan, in the midst. darwaza, door. darwesh, dervise, beggar. o dory a, sea, river. lo daryaft, discovery, /. ; I3y& C^b^3 daryaft-hona, to be discovered. , ten. dastgin, aid, patronage,/. dasht, a desert. dushwar, difficult. du'a, benediction, prayer, /. L LjU l^-i du^a-mangm, to pray. dafa, one time, /. Jp ^'M, trouble ; I3y& J3 efe'M- hona, to be vexed. dukh, pain, grief. dukhra, misfortunes ; U)\ f ^^ /> dukhra kiya-karti-hun, I am occupied with my own cares. dikhlana, to shew. s <&7, heart, mind. H. )te dunya-dari, worldliness,/. 3 do-atasha, double-distilled. ^ rfi/eM, milk ; ^^L). 3ji dudh-pilat, a wet-nurse. j3 ^M-/ 1 , distance,/., far. j^ daurana, to cause to run. S daurna, to run. ^J> e?0s or ^^Jo^j^ dost-dar, a friend. c?^^, friendship, /. dusra, second, other. dufcan, a shop,/. wealth, prosperity,/. daulat-mandy rich. don on, both. dhandhal-pana, chica- nery. dharna, to place. dahshat, fear,/. dhakka, a jolt. dhulwana, to cause others to wash. jjb3 d/iobin, a washer-man's wife. , a washer-man. P. S. S. 5. S. H. j*y^^ dhum, a tumult, /. 5. Uybi d/tona, to wash. 5>. Ufci dfiiya, daughter. S. ^U^^ dhyan, meditation. S. (jS dl, gave or given. (Past tense or participle fern, of Uo dena.) S. bi , please to give. (Resp. imp. of \JJ t ^ dena.) >5 dzdar, sight. J>.i der, delay,/, late. des, country. des-nikala, banishment. dekhna, to see. to give. 5 dew, a god. >5 dmar, a wall,/. diwan, tribunal, divan, mi- nister of state ; \jeb> ^j-?.^ diwani k/mss, privy- council chamber. 3 diwana, mad. CEREBRAL DAL. c?r/w, beard,/. dakim, a witch. - , to throw. , a small box, /. , a very small box, / S. \3Jj3 daranut to frighten. ^ ( 1 & \3y5 darna, to fear. & lL*S dasna, to bite or sting (as a venomous animal). H. \jy3 dalwana, or UpJ^yS dalwa- dena, to cause to be thrown. H. \JJ>j'S dubna, to dive ; \3W L-^j'5 dub-jana, to be drowned. & .J j'i #We, a sedan, /. H. j rijMna, to please. rahm, compassion. rukhsat, dismission, per- mission to depart, /. ; rukhsat- hona, to take one's leave. j rassa, a rope, cable. rasta, a road. rasm, a custom,/. rassl, a rope, cord. rasid, a receipt, /. j rifakat, society, /. rafchna, to keep, place, have. ramchera, a common ap- pellation of a slave. ramna, to roam. ranjida, vexed ; ranjida- khutir, vexed in mind. randt, a woman. S. i^JJj rang, colour, sort ; rang ba-rang, or rang-a-rang, of various sorts ; rang-mahall, an apartment for festive enjoy- ment. P. (j^&j rangm, coloured. P. *j\jj rawana, proceeding ; ra- wana-fiona, to be despatched, to go away. P. jj^jj ru-ba-ru, face to face. S. L^JJ ?*wp, form, beauty. S. j^jj rjt?z, rupee. (Inflected form.) S. H^. r> rupiy<*> a rupee (a coin worth two shillings). S. ^Jj j roti, bread, / P. jjj roz, day. P. ^.^jj raushan, shining. S. \3 j. 0w, to weep. P. (j*\&j rihai, liberation,/. H. Ufcj rahna, to remain. S. Ufr rijhna, to be pleased. XIII. j ZE. P. ^^j ^n, lamentation, /. P. c]j 2:0^^, a crow. A. Jj\j zail, perishing. P. ^bj zaban, the tongue,/. P. ^j zakhm, a wound. zamm, the earth, /. r, effort. poison. ziyada, more ; Ju ziyada haddi adab, (to A. P. S. U sa S. S. P. P. A. jS>. S. A. P. S. P. H S. S. write) more (would be to transgress) the bounds of po- liteness. >\ zirak, sagacious. zervar, ornaments. XIV. ^ SIN. sa, like. (Gram. 26./.) sath, along with, a com- pany. sara, all. ^ sarhe, with a half. ^a,?;, apparatus. saman, furniture. samhne, in front. 5z/>, a snake. sahukar, a great mer- chant ; ^^j^JfcUj sahukar- bachchi, a merchant's daughter. a groom. r m, a religious men- dicant. , all. , a cause. sabza, verdure ; J\\ *j->* sabza-zar, a meadow. ^, all. (Gr. 37. 6.) supurd-karna, to give in charge. satana, to vex. ^, seventeen. stri, woman. sajiina, to cause to prepare. ( n ) S. S. S. S. S. S. S. S. P. P. P. P- P. A. A. S. S. S. S. sajna, to adjust ; j===>\s?* ^ saj sajakar, having completely prepared. sack, true, truth. sac/icha, true, sincere. siddh, success. sidharna, to set off. sudi, the light half of the lunar month,/. t* sir, the head. *>3 sar, the head ; s^^ 3 sn' re A, the high road. \j+* sira, extremity. sarasima, confounded. sar-anjam, conclusion. sardar, a chief. sar-faraz, exalted. saza, punishment, /. surface, /. sd'adaf, happiness, /. 0/Vzr, journey. sakna, to be able. , happiness. sikhlana, to teach. aMJ, a woman's female friend. salam, salutation. salamaf, safety, jr. *fl^, easy. samana, to go into. ^rtrn^, a path, quarter, /. samajhna, to understand, think. S. S. S. S. P. ^ A. ^. S. samundar, the ocean. samet, along with. samain, time. sunna, to hear. sunar, a goldsmith. 13U **5 sunana, to cause to hear. sundar (fern, sundari), beautiful. sandesa, a message. sunsan, dreary. singar, ornament. sanwarria, to adorn. sunne-wala, a hearer. , a hundred ; so, he, she, it, that ; so. \yj satva, with a quarter. (Gram. 59. .) sawar, a rider, riding. H. 5. H. & H. a question, begging. siwa'e, besides. sochna, to reflect. saudagar, a merchant. sixteen. to sleep. silence, /.,- sunt marna, to be silent. , a pestle. smhin, in front. very well ! a handmaid. , from, by, than. S. S. S. P. P. P. S. P. P. P. P. P. P. P. A. A. P. P. P. A. P. A*** sej, a couch, /. ( is ) A. ser, a weight of about 2 Ibs. ; sair, an excursion, /. $>* sing, a horn. XVI. ^ SHIN. shabdsh, Bravo! shakh, a branch, / shadi, marriage,/. sliastr, scripture. sham, evening. shah, a king, a title assumed by fakirs. rf shahzada, a prince. shah-sawar, a good rider. shayad, perhaps. shitabi, haste, /. shutur, a camel. shakhs, person. , agreement, bargain, /. sharm, shame, /. H. \3lcps sharmana, to be ashamed, aja^ sharmanda, ashamed. C/o'ofc shafakat, kindness,/. shikar, hunting, game ; shikar-band^ cords for tying game ; shikar karna, to catch. & shikari, a hunter. shukoh, dignity, / shor, noise. shauk, eagerness. shauhar, a husband. shahr, a city. P. A. P. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. > shuhra, fame. * shahri, a citizen. a shaikh, an old man, a chief. sher, a tiger. XVII. (J o SAD. sahib, master, (in com- pos.) possessed of; sahib ka- ramat, endowed with miracu- lous power ; sahib kamal, en- dowed with perfection, a saint. suhbat, society, /. sadr, chief, supreme. surat, form,/. XVIII. u^> ZAD. zarar, injury. zarur, necessary. XIX. 1> TO^E. t-Jl^ talibu-rilm, a stu dent, philosopher. , cheerfulness, /. , sort, /. ; side, towards, /. falab, search, salary,/. , mode, state. tai, travelling. XX. k ZO^E. zahir, apparent. A. (JUij^g zarafat, facetiousness, /. XXI. "AIN. A. ^j^ "arizt, accidental. A. JJ>\P "akil, wise. A. J\p "alctm, the world. A. (J^- "all, sublime. A. O^Lp "ibadat, devotion,/ A. C^Us- "ibarat, a trope, / A. C^jf- "ibrat, warning,/ A. (~*sf' "ajab, wonderful. A. eu^P "arsa, area, space. A. (J0J& "arz, petition, representa- tion, a respectful statement or reply ; "arz karna, to re- present ; "arz ki, he respect- fully stated or replied. A.J^P "aziz, dear, esteemed. A. ,j-^ "ishk, love. A. jk_- "atr, perfume, ottar (of roses, &c.) ; "atr-dan, a per- fume-box. A. Jjis- "akl, wisdom, / ; "aklmand, wise. A. ~*&& "ilaj, remedy. A. j^- "alawa, besides. A. j+> "umr, age, / A. (J-+2- Carnal, action. A. Oj^- "aurat, a woman. A. (jof "iwaz, instead. A. &<> "a/id, a compact. A. c-^ "aib, fault. A. JoP "?, a festival. A. (J^p "aish, pleasure. A. ,.* "am, exactlv- A. A. A. A. C A. A. A. A. A. XXII. ^GHAIN. ghdfil, careless. ghc/lib, victorious. glmib, absent. ghurbat, wretchedness, /. ' gharaz, in short. ghusse, in anger. - ghulam, a slave. gham, grief. iic ghammat, a blessing, / hota, a dive ; ^Ao/a mama, or -^0ta lagana, or g to take a plunge. XXIII. uJ FE. A. t^S^faiddi advantage. A. ZJfath, victory,/ ; fath-yab, vic- torious. A. ys fajr, morning, / ; fajr hote ffi, immediately on its becoming morning. A, <_5ji>_? fidroi, devoted, your de- voted servant. P. \J* farakh, spacious. A. C^Oj-i fursat, leisure, opportu- nity, / P. H. Uly farmana, to order. P. 3l^J faryad, complaint, / P. c^-^b^ faryadi, a plaintiff. P. c-^.y fareb, deceit. P. eOkfiJ^ farefta, enamoured. A.^va3 fakir, a beggar. A. &akiriiihe life of a beggar,/ A. ^sa& fikr, thought ; fikr-mand, anxious. A. eo^JJ fiilana, such a one. A.j^aMj filfaur, immediately. A. (j& faiz, bounty. XXIV. j KAF. 7, capable. , an opportunity. , a judge. kufila, a caravan. JJf AraW, before. ftLJf &$/, Mecca, an altar ; (and, by way of respectful address) Worship ! Father ! EXbldi "alam, Kibla of the world ! Your Majesty ! Jjjjf kabul, consent ; kabul karna, to agree to. . jJ? kadr t quantity, f. * JJ kadam, a footstep. kadim, ancient. jf karma, order, context. kism, sort, /. ; kasam, an oath, /. ^.M/9 kismat, fate, /. kassab, a butcher. 3 kasd, design, attempt. kusur, fault, deficiency. e*o3 kissa, a story; kissa kotah, in short. kazakar, by chance. ira, a fort. A. JS kalam, a reed-pen. A. v>-JH> Aiflrfrf', imprisonment ; , to be imprisoned. S. XXV. d KAF. ka, of. kafoui, to spin. ^. UJK katna, to cut, spend time ; kat dalna, to cut off. S. J--^ A:/fl/, lamp black (with which the eyelids are painted). S. S. S. *S^. H. S. W kala, black. J kam, desire, Cupid ; business ; kam karria, to be of use. O fcan, the ear. kandha, the shoulder. kahe ko, for what ? why ? kayath, name of a tribe of Hindus. iitar, a pigeon. A?, ever ; kabhl kabhl, sometimes. \jg kapra, cloth. \Z-f kutta, a dog. L-^bT kitab, a book, /. U/y kutarna, to cut with the teeth. U_j^ kitna, how much ? Attltoe eA;, some. \J*& katna, to be cut. ^j^-jiLy katori, a small metal cup,/ 21 H. A. S. P. A. H. A. P. S. A. P. P. S. kachla, clay. kuchh, any, some, any thing, something. kachhua, a tortoise. Ol*y karamat, miracles, /. 13^ karna, to do, make. CiloU^ Karnatak, the Carnatic. UJ Ojjfe karwat-lena, to turn (in bed). te, whom ? which ? what ? (inflected form) ; kis-liye or kis-waste, why ? kasturi, musk,/ , some, any (inflect, form). m t some, any (inflected form) ; klse, whom ? or to whom ? Kashmir, Cachemere. kal, yesterday, to-morrow. alam, a word, conversation. ^ kalawant, musician. kalima, a word, speech. kalol, a gambol. fc 0j to, for (not translated when it is the sign of the accusative) ; (in Braj) who ? \ kawwa, a crow. \ '\ kiwar, a door. P. aljy' kotah, short. P. J^y kotwal, chief of police. H. Vjf kora, new. H. \j kora, a lash. kauri, a cowrie,/. P. (J&^ koshish, exertion,/ ^ kaun, who, which, what? 13^ kona, corner. H. c? jo^T kundi, a mortar, /. L*jy kaunsa, what sort of ? <^*j? koi, some, any, some one, a certain. P. &s> kit that, because, viz., as follows. \^ kaha, he said. H. ( j^' kahan, where ? Ul^ khana, to eat, suffer. 13 ^& khujlana, to scratch. H. tyfkhara, erect, standing ; khara khara, whilst continuing to stand still. H. ^gs*j^ khirki, a wicket, /. S. U^*' khilana, to feed. S. U^f 'J^ khilkiland or khilkhila- uthna, to laugh heartily. S. ^jjoj ^f khule-bandon, freely. 5. \^f kahna, to say. H. lSj$" Motfz, perfidious. S. \3*4f kholna, to open. S. \Jj$f khona, to lose. 5. UL^f khelna, to play. 5. (j^f kahm, anywhere. H. U^*&* khainchna, to draw. H. ^a &, of ; Tti, of, (fern, past of fcarna) made. S. J& kal or kal ek, several. S. ^/kya t what? why? kiya, made. S. \*~*f kaisa, what sort of? S. j~sf kesar, saffron, / H. ^y-*^ kyun or kyunkar, why ? kyunki, because that. XXVI. ^J GAP. S. Uj'^ garna, to bury, drive down. & Jlf ^/, a cheek. S. U\f ^GW, to sing. & .fl'i^ ganth, a bundle ; ganth ka purely very rich. 6'. y\S ganrv, a village. 5. \Jb j gadha> an ass. H. b^J^ gadariya, a shepherd. P. ^j^ guzran, life, /.; guzran- karm, to spend life. P. IS^J? guzranna, to present. P. 13, v>? guzarna, to pass. P. ^^^ garmi, heat, y. S. j^ Wtt, spiritual guide. 5. J^ gur, raw sugar. H. 13^^ girgirana, to implore. 5. ^ gala, the neck. P. L-*^ gulab, rose-water ; gulab- pash, a bottle from which rose- water is sprinkled,/. P. (jW gitman, opinion. S. ^ gun, merit. S. U\j ^ \ : ^ gunthwana, to cause to string. ganjur, treasurer. jS. j\jJo ganwar, villager. S. Cl>o^>^ gunwant, skilful. P. ^il gunah, fault. P. 8\j gawah, a witness. 5. g^fW^ gosam, a saint. P. euia^ gosha, a corner. j ^oy, one would say. H. Ol^J ^^, ambush, /. L!->^ ^o^, a quay. H. \3V^ g^abrana, to be confused. H. L5 $ ghapchi, the grasp of the two arms,/. , a house. ghari, an hour (of twenty- four minutes),/. H. S. S. S. H. S. H. S. S. S. A. A $ ghusna, to penetrate. gahna, jewels ; ghana, dense. ^ ghanta, a bell. ghantdll, a small bell,/. ghora, a horse. gholna, to dissolve. ghunti, medicine (given to new-born infants). ghi, clarified butter. gherna, or gher-ana, to come round. gaya, went, gone. j& gyam, wise. >fly, gone, they went. gat, gone, she went. XXVII. J LAM. la-jawab, incapable of answering ; la-char, helpless, lathi, a staff,/ ^ lahik, adhering. lazim, inseparable. a lal-bujhakkar, a wise- acre. A. H. A. A. P. H. S. , to bring. proper, suitable. 13 \J3 latkana, to suspend' a/, importunity,/. , attention. lakMakha, a censer. , a sweetmeat, a boy. A. P. P. /S'. S. S. p lurkuna or lurha-dena, to spill. lurhakna, to be spilt. a, a jest. likha-parha, able to write and read. likhana, to cause to write. likhna, to write. \3\j ft ^srt likhwana, to cause to write. UlG lagana, to apply. lagna, to be applied, begin, become. langra, lame. \3Vj&5 langrana, to limp. liwana, to cause to take. , people. lomri, a she-fox. luhu-luhan, bloody. fe take thou, having taken, he shall take ; diwani khass se le, extending all along the space from the private coun- cil chamber (Gr. 21. c.) ; fo took, taken. letna, to lie down. lekin, but. UJ lena, to take, get, buy. e, for. H. S. XXVIII. A. J>U matam, mourning. A. \f>-\* majara, incident. S. Ujlc marna, to beat, kill, ruin. S. t/jU mare, by reason. A. JU mal, wealth. S. ^llc mala, necklace, /. A. (i^iJU malik, proprietor. P. 5j6U manda, fatigued. S. U&U mangna, to ask for. 5. ^U wiofc mother. A. iljk/c mablagh, a sum ; mablaghi mazkur, the sum aforesaid. S. jo ttVr, friend. A. J*ai muttasil, adjoining. A. (Jfix* muttafik, agreeing. & L*^* mithai, a sweetmeat,/. S. ^pji* mitti, earth, /. ; mittl-dena, to bury. A. U-^ mujra, obeisance, visit ; mujra-karna, to wait upon. S. ^si? mujh, me. (Inflected form.) S. ^^4^ mujhe, me or to me. A. JU^ muhaly impossible. A. Clxx^ muhabbat, affection,/. A. ^ mahrum, disappointed. A. (^yaj^ mahsul, revenue. A. CJ^ mihnat, toil,/. A. ^asi mahv, effaced, distracted. S. Jv mad, wine, pride. A. O^L^C muddat, a long time, /. (Persian plural, muddafha.) A.j^J* mazkur, aforesaid. A. (..^jfcjw* mazhab, religion, sect. A. duJj martaba, rank, time, turn. P. e mard, a man. P. .1^0 murdar, carrion. P. A^X) mardum, a man ; mardum- azari, oppression,/. A. Jwy> murshid, director. P. t3^^< murghabi, a water-fowl,/ iS'. U^o marna, to die. A. Oj^o muruwat, generosity,/. A. J\y6 mizaj, constitution, humour. A.J\*MM musaftr, a traveller. A. ^*~ / * mustahikk, worthy (of). A. JooL-xj musta'idd, prepared. A. ^s^* maskhara, a jester. A. jJu*-o masnad> a large cushion (used as a throne),/. H. b masuri bar, a double H. A. A. A. P. A. A. A. edge (i.e. an edge which is ground on both sides, and which slopes from both sides, as in a hatchet, contradis- tinguished from the yaksuri- bar, or single edge, which slopes from one side only, as in a chissel. missz, a powder (with which the teeth are tinged black), /. mushabik, like. mashghul, employed. mashakkat, trouble, /. mashk, a water-bag, / mushkil, difficult ; a diffi- culty, /. * mashhur, celebrated. *x masTiiyat, will, / A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. S. P. A. A. A. &A*a_/o muzayaka, penury, con- sequence ; kuchh muzayaka nahm, no matter. mazbut, firm. mutabik, correspondent to. matlub, required. mutarvwaka, having a col- lar round the neck. x# ma\ with. mu'af, forgiven ; mu'af- karna or mu"af-rakhna, to excuse. ma'bud, God ; ya ma'bud karke, having made (the in- vocation) Oh God (assist me !) majun, an electuary. md'rifat, by means of,/. ma'lum, known ; ma'lum- karna, to discover ; ma'lum- hona, to be discovered. muftari, a slanderer. mufassal, in detail. mufid, profitable. mukabil, against, for. makam, dwelling, station. makan, a place. mukhra, the face. magar, perhaps, but. " mutta, a learned man, school- master. U mulazim, a servant. mulakaf, interview, /. mlanci, to mix, reconcile. A. CiLL mulkj a country ; mulk ba-mulk, from country to country. S. UU milna, to meet, be got. S. Oy* milwana, to cause to mix. S. ^* man, mind, heart. A. ^c man, a weight of 40 ser. A. t *^U* mundsib, proper. S. j<-5u mantr, a spell. S. <^j& a pearl, m. mota, fat. maujud, existing, ready. morha, a stool. maukuf, abolished. mom, wax ; mom-dil, a soft- hearted fellow. mundna, to shut. l^x maharajy great king, your Excellency. If* mahadev, a name of Siva. rf S. 5. A. S. H. A. H. A. P. S. S. S. P. (3^* mihrbam, kindness,/. P- malwna, a month. H. ^U* miyan, Sir. P. ( -^ f A miyan-ji, a schoolmaster. l^jo* mitha, sweet P. ^c #zeM, a peg, nail. P. ^Jo* matdan, a plain. H. 1^ awera, my. x muyassar, attainable. m, in, among ; main, I. S. ^JOULX* mendki, the rump (of a horse), /. XXIX. ^ NUN. P. Juw>\\3 na-ummed, hopeless. S. ^>U nath, Lord. P. ^blS nadan, ignorant P. C*JjU wa^wA;, delicate. S. P. JJ w2, name ; nam-dar or nam-ivar, renowned. P. ^J name, by name. S. yU TZQWW, name. P. j\3 wa'o, a boat. S. &U nayaka, a damsel. 5. d>o mV, always. A. O\jS najat, salvation, f. ; najati akhirat, salvation in the next world. S. ^Jo nidan, at last. S. {j*]j> niras, hopeless. S. *)l\j-> nirala, private, extraordi- nary ; nirale, apart. P. Cib.^p nazdlk, near. P. &)\J nisMna, a mark. A. e^J nasha, intoxicating liquor. A. C^ ^ nasihat, advice,/. A. J&L) nazar, sight, /. ; nazar ana, to appear. A. ni'mat, favour, gracious - ness, /. A. (ju naksh, a picture. A. ,jLa-HJ nuksan, damage. A. JJLJ nakl, a story,/. nikala, see des-nikala. nikalna, or nikal-dena, to put out. / UK3 nikalna, to go or come out ; nikal-jana, to go out. S. 4_j W0&A, the nail (of a finger or toe) ; nakh sikh se, from top to toe. P.jlG nigar, a picture. 8. ^jJu-U nandola, an earthen vessel. P. <^ju5 nang or waw^- o ndmus, ho- nour, shame, disgrace. A. <--^y nawwab, a nabob, governor of a town or district. P. (^jSrj^y nawazish, kindness, /. P.jSy naukar, a servant. P. c^^y naukart, service. A. ul^^ nihayat, extremely. J3 ni-hattha, unarmed. ( 27 ) S. .jg? nihchai, certainty. 8. CT-^ na hin> no > not ' nahm-to, otherwise. S'. ^ ne, a particle affixed to the name of the agent with a transitive verb in a past tense. (See Gram. 65.) S. 1-3 naya, new. S. ^g! niche, below, down. P. ^^uo neki, goodness, /. ; neki bar bad, gunah lazim, my good- ness has been thrown away, I and blame has adhered to me. (Persian proverb.) XXX. j WAW. P. j o, and. A. ct^j waris, heir. A. k ^j waste, for the sake, on account of. A. la^j wcTiz, a preacher. H. *)l\j wala, (denotes, in composi- tion,) doer, man, inhabitant, owner. P. \j\j wah-wa, bravo! A. Jjj wazlr, a minister of state. H. ^j>>j wis, him, her, it, that. (In- flected form.) A. eOu^j wasila, intervention. A. laPj wa"z, a sermon. A. Ijj wafa, fidelity, /. ; wafa-dar, faithful ; wafa-dari, fidelity,/ A. CJ>' makt, time. A. cyj wuku\ occurrence. H. (J2-f-3j wunhin, just then, just there. H. Sj wuh, he, she, it, that. H. ^b&j wahan, there. H. ^^jbj 7z?a^2 or WM^, he himself, that very. H. (jfr-bj wahin, just then, just there. H. ^/j we, they, those. H. L**>j waisa, such. XXXI. 5 HE. S. 4^>\b hath, hand ; hath bandhna, to join the hands in a sup- plicating posture. S. ^5^^ hathi, an elephant. S. j\So har, a chaplet, m. ; Aar, loss,/ ; har manna, to acknowledge all lost, to give up the dispute. S. (jlfc han, yes. 5. (^j^jo^JLjfc hitopades, name of a Sanskrit book of fables. 6. jU-^-jLfc hathyar, arms ; hathyar- band, armed. H. U& hatna, to recede, move. P.jfc ^ar, every. P. Ja>.yfc harchand, although. S. (j^Jb hridaya* heart. P. JL^fc harkara, a courier. S. ^Jo hiran, a deer. P. .hj& hazar, a thousand. P y.^a. hushyar, cautious, prudent. 28 haffa, a week. hakka bakka, confused. b^Jt> hilana, to shake ; hilaya- karria, to make a practice of shaking. \Jjb hilna, to shake. +St> ham, we, us. \jl^> hamara, our. himmat, courage, /. ; him- mati mardan madadi khuda, resolution (on the part) of men (ensures) the aid of God. hamen, us or to us. hunar, skill, (jj& hans, a goose. U^Jjt> hansnq, to laugh. ^J& M you are, you, he, or it may be. \y& hawa, air,/. \^J& M'a, been, became, was. \ota, becoming. hoga, will be. t hun, I am. S. S. S. >S. 5. S. Oy& ^owa, to be or become. hunga, I will be ; hai, is (with past part. has). A, exactly, indeed. hma, void of. ^fe hm, exactly, indeed. & hain, (we or they) are. P. P. P. A. P. H. H. S. H. H. XXXII. i 3 ' ^ V J UoJ J TA^ JW U j J , (3 us- <-\ j,j rr y 99 r V J Sr^ 9 J 99 999999 99 v-oU 999 Ob 999 9 .-* 99S 99 9*9*' 9 9 (j* (f&> 9I-" 9 9 99 J \3U 99 9 ) 9 999 JB x " J> ********** s 9 9 9 J ********** *> ' 999 9 99 99 9 f*' 9 999 99 ' 9 / 9 s 99 * * * 3 ob I/ 1/ * 99 99 99 9 9 9 9 9 -699 999 9 9 99 b c . 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