'^-- % m A = A = —m O = C r = = 30 4 — == O ^^ 2 7 = ^5S J> 9 = ^^^ I — ^^ 31 3 = 7 = 3 = ^^ o —1 3 Recent Mexican Study Of The Native Languages Of Mexico By Frederick Starr ifornia 3nal 5rf)e ©nibersitg of cr0ltB of Cblcago iPrees 1900 Ef)t SanibcrisitP of (?t1)irago DEPARTMENT OK ANTHKUPULOGY HUM.ETIN IV Recent Mexican Study of the Native Languages of Mexico By / FREDERICK STARR > ) 3 1 J J ^ CHICAGO Cbe Tflnivcrsits ot Cbicago press 1900 ^- I • • t < « 1 C K RECENT MEXICAN STUDY OF THE NATIVE LANGUAGES OF MEXICO. Everyone is more or less familiar with the fact that there are ^ many old books printed in Aztec and the other native languages of § Mexico. Some of the oldest and rarest of American prints are pQ among these. In 1866 the eminent Jose Garcia Icazbalceta, so i .1 ^ careful as an historian and so diligent as a bibliographer, prepared a preliminary work upon these curious books under the title, Apuntes para ini catalogo dc escritores e/i lengiias indigenas de America (Notes for a catalogue of writers in the native languages ^ of America). The work is the rarest of Icazbalceta's publications; ~ preliminary to a fuller treatment and a help to special students, it ■o can hardly be said to have been issued to the public. No copies I were sold. The author savs in his preface : "But it has not, on this "^ account, lost its original character. The sixty examples which I have printed with my own hands are no more than so many other copies of the manuscript. None will be sold because proof-sheets ought not to be placed on sale ; all will be distributed to whoever can improve the work, enriching it with additions. Persons who ^ find themselves in such a position and who care for a copy niay 3 direct themselves to me or to Messrs. Triibner & Co., in London."' § In this cataloijue Icazbalceta enumerates and describes two hundred a. and fourteen works, most of which are printed books in or upon ^ Mexican languages. Few persons, however, are aware that books are still printed in Mexican languages. Nor are our students generally acquainted with, or appreciative of, the study that is being given by Mexican students to these languages. While my own work in Mexico has but lightly touched upon linguistics, it has placed me in a position to learn something of this work and the workers, and to appreciate ' This catalogue was republished in 1898 in the collected works of Icazbalceta : Biblioleca de Autores Mexicanos. Vol. XVIII. 282916 that there is a real, if not large, present literature in native Mexican tongues. It has seemed that a list of such writings would be of bibliographic and ethnographic interest. I have been the more willing to undertake the presentation of such a list because many of these books or papers are published in remote towns and are little likely to reach the student unless he looks for them, knowing just what he seeks. The list must be far from complete; no one realizes this more keenly than the author, who will gladly receive corrections and additions. Books mentioned by Icazbalceta are omitted from this list unless, for some reason, their inclusion is necessary for the proper explana- tion of some other item in the list. Books in Maya, published in Yucatan, or in other parts of Mexico, are not included, as recent Mara literature is so extensive as to demand separate treatment. Articles printed in periodicals or papers read before learned soci- eties, however important, are not included unless also printed independently. Most of the works mentioned are in my own col- lection ; a few I have not seen, but copy the description from the catalogues of Nicolas Leon or W. VV. Blake. Where these descrip- tions are so taken the name of the authority is given in brackets. It is not easy to satisfactorily classify this material. Three rather poorly defined divisions are recognized : 1. Ancient works, which have remained in ms. or have become rare in printed form, which have recently been printed for the use of students. II. Works presenting the results of linguistic study bv modern students. III. Writings in, or upon, the native languages printed for practical ends and usually for native use. I. Recently published ancient manuscripts or re-publica- tions of old works, 1. Baptista de Lagunas; Juan. Arte'' y Diccionario Tarascos. Tarascan Grammar and Dictionary. (Mexico: 1574.) Reprinted by Dr. Nicolas Leon. Morelia : 1890. 4°. 2. Basalenque; Diego. Arte de la lengiia Tarasca (1714). Grammar of the Tarascan language. Reprinted, Mexico : ■ The word arte so common in this list is translated grammar: it means more. It is not merely a grammar, but a practical manual of the language. The Spanish word gramatica is properly translated grammar. 4 1 886. 4°. pp. XXXV, 87. From 1885 to 1889 the Mexican government, through the Department of Fomento, of which at the time Carlos Pacheco was Minister, printed a considerable number of works, in uniform style, treating of the native languages. Most were reprints, but some were original or before unpublished works. The editor- ship of the series was in the hands of Dr. Antonio Penaliel. To this series belong Nos. 2, 8, 11, 14, 41, 46, 72. Cordoba; Juan de. Arie del idioma Zapoteca (1578). Grammar of the Zapotec language. Reprinted by Dr. Nicolas Leon. Morelia : 1886. 8°. pp. 79 and 224. This is reprinted from the only entire copy known at the time of the re-impression. Esopo ; Fabulas de Esopo en idioma Mexicano piiblicadas por el Dr. Peiiafiel. Fables of ^sop in the Aztec language, published by Dr. Penafiel. Mexico: 1895. 8". pp 37. The ms. from which these fables of ^4Lsop are printed is preserved in the National Museum of Mexico and is believed to have been writ- ten by Father Sahagun in the sixteenth century. Leon says but fifty copies of this were printed ; a statement which seems hardly prob- able. It was printed in honor of the meeting of the Eleventh Congress of Americanists held at Mex- ico in 1895. Gilbert! ; Maturino. Arte de la lengiia Tarasca b de Mi- choacan (1558). Grammar of the Tarascan language, or that ot Michoacan. Re- printed by Dr. Nicolas Leon. Mexico: 1898. Large 4°. pp. 344, 6. A remarkable piece of work ; the title and text are printed on maguey paper made expressly; the title and first six piiges are facsimile. Only one hundred NICOLAS LEON copies of this large edition were printed. Dr. Leon is an indefatigable worker in Mexican linguistics, history, and bibliography. He is the author of quite two score original works and the editor of many others. See also Xos. 1, 3, 27, 55. 6. Gilbert!; Maturino. Un manuscrito Tarasco del siglo XVI. A Tarascan uumuscript of the Sixteenth Century. 8°. pp. 16. Mexico : 1888. This pretty manuscript was discov- ered by Plancarte and was printed in phototype facsimile by the house of Abadiano. Though unsigned, there can be little doubt that it is the work of Gilberti. It is a sermon on the text, " And to thee will I give the keys of heaven." The edition was limited ; twenty copies were in a special antique paper. 7. Gonzales ; Diego. Arte de la letigica Cahiia. . . . Grammar of the Cahita language. Published by E. Buelna. Mexico : i8go. 8°. })p. 63 unnumbered, 264. The book is reprinted from an old anonymous work believed to have been writ- ten by Father Diego Gonzales, a Jesuit missionary priest. Buelna supplies a valuable introduction, notes, and brief dictionary. For other works due to Buelna see Nos. 10, 21. 8. Gramatica de la lengua Zapoteca por un autor a/ionimo (1823). Granimar of the Zapotec language by an anon- ymous author. Published by Antonio Penafiel. Mexico : 1887. 4°. pp. Ivii, 159. Q. Guerra; Joan. Arte de la lengua Mexicana segun la acos- tumbran hablar los Indios en todo el Obispado de Guadalajara .... (1692). Grammar of the Aztec language as the Indians in all the bishopric of Guadalajara are accustomed to speak it. Guadalajara: 1900. 8°. pp. 98. Reprinted bv Alberto Santoscoy. 10. Luces del Otomi, b Gramatica del idioma que hablan los indios Otomies .... por un Padre de la Coinpaiiia de Jesus. Information upon the Otomi, or Grammar of the language spoken by the Otomi Indians, by a Jesuit priest. Mexico : 1893. 8°. pp. 303. Published by the care of E. Buelna. Olmos; Andres de. Arte para aprender la lengua Mexicana ( 1 547)- Grammar for learning the Aztec language. Mex- ico : 1885. 4°. pp. 125. This work by Father Olmos 6 I I remained in manuscript for more than three hundred years ; it was first printed at Paris, in 1875. 12. Quintana; Augustin de la. Arie dc la /e/igua Mixe (1729). Grammar of the Mixe language. Reprinted by Francisco Belmar. Oaxaca : 1891. There were but sixty copies of this reprint of a rare worlc ; it was never placed on sale and is now scarce. 13. Reyes; Gaspar de los. Gramdiica de las leng;itas Zapoteca serrana y Zapoteca del valle . . . .(1700). Grammar of the mountain Zapotec and valley Zapotec languages. Reprinted by Francisco Belmar. Oaxaca: 1891. 8°. pp. 100. Five hundred copies of this reprint were issued. 14. Rincon; Antonio S. J. de. Arle 7nexicana, Gramatica y Vocabulario (1595). Aztec manual, grammar, and vocabu- lary. Reprinted by Antonio Pefiafiel. Mexico: 1885. Brinton considered this one of the most important of the Aztec Artes — both because it exhibits an early stage of the language and its author was of Indian parentage, descended from the old Texcocan rulers. 15. Salazar; Manuel de los Santos. Colloquio Ynquenino quin.a xili yii Tlafomaquiz qiiauhnepanolli Sanita Cruz in tlac mic- lupil-liuiani S. Ele/ia. Colloquy .... Mexico: 1890. 4°. pp. 50. This was published, from the seventeenth cen- tury ms. with a Spanish translation, by Francisco del Paso y Troncoso, in a small but elegant edition of fifty copies, which were not put on sale. (Leon.) 16. Vocabulario Castellano-Zapoteco. Spanish-Zapotec Vocabu- lary. Published by the Junta Columbina. Mexico: 1893. 4°. pp. V, 222. This before unpublished work was printed by the committee appointed by the Mexican government to prepare some permanent and tangible result of the cele- bration of America's quadricentennial. They printed, in addition to this eighteenth - century document, several important picture-writing manuscripts in facsimile, beauti- ful figures of rare antiquities, etc. II. Linguistic studies by modern workers. 17. Belmar; Francisco. Cartilla del Idioma Zapoteco serrano. Primer of the mountain Zapotec language. Oaxaca : 1 890. 16°. pp. 30. Mr. Belmar is a lawyer connected with the 7 i8. 19. 20. 21. state government of Oaxaca. He early became inter- ested in the native languages of the state and has made several careful studies of them in the field. Besides his original investigations he has reprinted those of others : e. g., Nos. 12, 13. Several of his smaller works have been printed by the author himself on his own press. Belmar ; Francisco. Lenguas indigenas del Estado de Oaxaca: Eiisayo sobre la lengua Trike. Native languages of the state of Oaxaca : Es- say upon the Triqui lan- guage. Oaxaca: 1897. 16°. pp. 54. This is the only work printed upon a lan- guage which is spoken in five (Belmar erroneously names six) small Indian towns in the districts of Tlaxiaco and Juxtlahuaca. Until Belmar published this work Orozco y Berra's erroneous location of the Triqui area was ac- cepted by students ; the towns mentioned by him as Triqui, near Tehuantepec. are really Chontal. Belmar; Francisco. Ligero estudio sobre la lengua Maza- teca. Slight study of the Mazatec language. Oaxaca: 1892. 8°. |)p. 135. Though modestly named, this — the only published work on the language — is a serious and important production. Belmar; Francisco. Has a work in press at the present time upon the Chocho language — also called the Popo- loco, Tlapaneca, Teca Pupuluca, and anciently the Tope. It is doubtful whether this synonymy will hold. Buelna ; Eustaquio. Peregrinacion de los Aztecas y nom- brcs geograficos indigenas de Sinaloa. Wanderings of the Aztecs and native indigenous geographical names of Sina- loa. Mexico: 1887. pp. 136. This work has gone throu-h twoeditions; it is illustrated with hieroglyphic illustrations. 8 FRANCISCO BELMAR 2 2. Coleccion Polidiomica Mexicana que contiene la Oracion Dominical vertida en cincuenta y dos idiomas indigenas de aquella Repuhlica. Mexican poly-lingual collection, con- taining the Lord's Prayer, translated into fifty-two Ian- languages native to that republic. Mexico : i860. 4°. pp. vii, 52. The title sufficiently describes this curious work, which was published by the Mexican Society of Geography and Statistics. The book is already quite rare. 23. Ferraz; J. E. Nahuatlismos de Costa Rica ; ensayo lexi- cogrdfico acerca de las voces mexicanas que se kalian en el habla corriente de la costa-ricenses. Nahuatlisms of Costa Rica; lexicographic essay upon the Aztec words which are found in the current language of the Costa Ricans. San Jose de Costa Rica: 1892. 4°. (Leon.) 24. Gonzales; Pedro. Etimologia de algunos nombres geogrd- ficos .... del Estado de Guanajuato. Etymology of some geographical names .... of the state of Guana- juato. Salamanca: 1S93. 8°. pp. 192. The work was published by the author and^ breaks off abruptly. The first fourteen pages are devoted to analyses of place-names arranged by districts ; the balance to historic and descrip- tive notes relative to these places. 25. Gracida ; M. M. Catalogo etimologico de los nombres de los pueblos, haciendas y ranchos del Estado de Oaxaca. Ety mological catalogue of the names of the towns, haciendas, and ranches of the state of Oaxaca. Oaxaca : 1883. The place-names of Oaxaca are mostly Indian, largely Aztec. Like Indian place-names generally they are com- pound words and descriptive. Their analysis is interest- ing and instructive, and throws light upon the processes of thought and language formation. Such studies as this are in high favor, and many have been printed. See Nos. 21, 24, 26, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 36, 40, 41. 26. Herrera y Perez. According to Olaguibel, this author has written upon the onomatologia of Tlahuac, Xochi- milco. (In No. 30, p. 4.) 27. Leon ; Nicolas. Silabario del Idioma Tarasco de Michoa- can. Syllable book of the Tarascan or the language of Michoacan. Morelia : 1886. 8°. This little book is now rare. 2S. Mendoza ; Eufemio. Apuntes para tin Catalogo razonado lie las palabras Mexicanas introducidas a I Castellano. Data for a systematic catalogue of Aztec words introduced into Spanish. Mexico: 1872. Hundreds of Aztec words have been incorporated into Mexican Spanish. (A few, such as coyotl, tomatl, chocolatl, have entered our Eng- lish speech.) This curious and interesting study was published by the Mexican Society of Geography and Statistics. Of it Blake says : " Highly esteemed for the accuracy of its information." 29. Olaguibel ; Manuel de. La Ciudad de Mexico y el Districto Federal; Toponimia Azteca. The City of Mexico and the Federal District; Aztec toponymy. Toluca : 1898. Sq. 8°. pp. 121, and map. A study of the etymology of the Indian place-names and their location in the Valley of Mexico. The map aims to represent the limits and subdivisions of the ancient city. Mr. Olaguibel is a magistrate; he has done scientific and literary work — especially in Aztec etymology and the bibliography of Mexican science; he is a member of various national and foreign learned societies. 30. Olaguibel; Manuel de. 0>iomatolologia del Esiado de Mexico. Study of the names of places in the state of Mexico. To- luca: 1893. 4°. pp.210. This study includes names in four languages — Aztec, Otomi, Mazahua, and Tarascan. 31. Penafiel; Antonio. Nombres geogrdficos de Mexico. Geo- graphical names of Mexico. Mexico: 1885. 4°- PP- 264, with atlas of xxxix colored plates. This highly impor- tant work is at once a study of etymologies and hiero- glyphs. The author takes the list of tribute towns, rep- resented hieroglyphically in the Codex Mendoza. He antonio peNafiel 10 33- 3-4- J.")- studies the character, analyzing it and comparing it with the significance of the name as shown by its etymology. The names are all Aztec. Penafiel ; Antonio. Dr. Peiiafiel is now publishing a more general study ; in character like the preceding, it covers a wider field, going beyond the Aztec names ; the illus- trations are much finer, being colored by hand. Dr. Pefiafiel is director of the Statistical Bureau of the Mexi- can government. He is deeply interested in the national history and archaeology. He has published valuable works in archfeology, has edited facsimile reproductions of picture-manuscripts, and has done work in the linguistic field. See also No. 2. Poma ; Cesare. De los periodicos escritos en lengiias iiidi- geuas de America. Of the periodical publications written in native American languages. Mexico : 1895. 8°. pp. 4. This paper was read before the Eleventh Congress of Americanists at Mexico in 1895 ; a few copies were printed separate from the Proceedings. Little is said of Mexican publications, and the list would surely be greatly extended by a careful study. Reyes ; Vicente. Olaguibel (No. 30, p. 4) refers to a study of the place-names of the state of Guerrero prepared by this author. Robelo ; Cecilio A. Vocabii- lario comparativo Castellatio y Nahiiatl. Comparative vo ■ cabulary, Spanish and Aztec. Cuernavaca : 1889. 8°. pp. ii, 75. Mr. Robelo is a mag- istrate, who is deeply inter- ested in national history and antiquities, regarding both of which he has printed stud- ies. His linguistic investi- gations are of importance. He is able to pronounce dis- courses in Aztec. Such an one, delivered September 1 1 CECILIO A. ROBELO 30, iSSg, has been printed in a little work, Album de Morelos. 36. Robelo ; Cecilio A. Nombres geogrdficos mexicanos del Estado de Morelos. Aztec geographical names of the state of Morelos. Cuernavaca : 1887. 8°. pp. 85. One of the best books of this class. 37. Robelo; Cecilio A. Nombres de las Reyes de Mexico. Names of the kings of Mexico. Cuernavaca: 1892. 8°. pp. 20. An interesting study of the etymology and hieroglyphic representation of the nine names of the Aztec rulers. iZ. Rosa; Agustin de la. Analysis gramatical de algunos textos Mexicanos. Grammatical analysis of certain Aztec texts. Guadalajara: 1871. 8°. pp. 98. One of the most im- portant aids to the student of Aztec ever prepared. Father de la Rosa is a teacher of Spanish grammar and Aztec in the Seminary of Guadala- jara. In 1899 he had a class of sixty boys and young men who recited three times a week in Aztec. This book was pre- pared for class use. The Lord's Prayer and four other religious texts are copied from the Aztec of Paredes. They are carefully analyzed, the grammatical form, relation, and meaning of each word being given. The different texts have also been separately issued, and, even in the collected series, are separately page-numbered. 39. Rosa; Agustin de la. Estudio de la filosofia y riqueza de la lengua Mexicana. Study of the philosophy and rich- ness of the Aztec language. Guadalajara: 1889. 8°. pp. 115- An earlier edition, dated 1887, has but ninety-tour pages. A selection from this was printed under another title in 1891. 16°. pp. 48. (Leon.) The work is highly 12 AGUSTIN DE LA ROSA interesting and suggestive ; it is the well-supported claim, bv an ardent admirer, that the Aztec is comparable, in its philosophy and wealth, to the Greek and Latin. 40. Rosa ; Agustin de la. Explicacion de algunos de los tiombres de la leiigua Mexicana. Explanation of some Aztec names. Guadalajara: 1897. 12°. pp. 28. This is a slightly enlarged, second, edition of a tract printed for use in public schools. The system of analysis of the names — mostly geo- graphical, though some are of persons, animals, and plants — is so ingenious and satisfactory that we have translated and printed the first edition of this tract into English, for the use of our class in Mexican ethno- .graphy. 41. Rovirosa; Jose N. Nombres geogrdficos del Estado de Tabasco. Geographic names of the state of Tabasco. Mexico: 1888. 4°. pp. 36. See No. 2. Five lan- guages are spoken in the state of Tabasco, but most of its place-names are Aztec. A few represent the other languages — Chontal, Zoque, Ahualulco, and Maya. 42. Sanchez; Jose Maria. La lengua Tzotzil e>i Chiapas: Explicaciones gramdticales dogmaticas e instructivas para los sacerdotes catblicos y toda clase de persofias. The Tzotzil language in Chiapas; explanations, grammatical, dogmatic, and instructive, for Catholic priests and every class of persons. San Cristobal: 1895. 8°. pp. 95. The author is a priest, who has made diligent study of the languages of his parish. 43. Sanchez; Jose Maria. Graf?idtica de la lengua Zoque. Grammar of the Zoque language. Mexico: 1S77. 8°. PP- 95- 44. Torres ; M. Estudios gramaticales sobre el Nahuatl. Grammatical studies upon the Aztec. Leon: 1887. pp. 104. (Leon.) Books in or upon the native languages for practical use — usually of the natives. 45. Angeles; Manuel Valentin. Brevisima explicacion de los principales niisterios de nuestra Santa Religion Calolica en lengua Mexicana. Very brief explanation of the principal mysteries of our holy Catholic religion in the Aztec 13 laiiijuage. Tepotztlan : 1883. 8°. pp. 21. Printed in a jiracticallv Indian town, for native use. (Blake.) 46. Alejandre; Marcelo. Cartilla Huasteca con su gramditca, diccionarioy varias reglaspara ap7-ender elidioma. H uastecan primer, with its grammar, dictionary, and various rules for learning the language. Mexico: 1890. 4°. pp. 179. The author was an Indian, and the book was published bv the national government. See No. 2. 47. Arenas; Pedro de. Vocabiilario Manual de las le/tguas Castellana y Mexicatia. Word-book of the Spanish and Aztec languages. Puebla : 1887. 16°. pp. 81. This little manual seems never to lose its popularity. It was first printed in the seventeenth century. There are both dated and undated editions. Of dated editions printed in Mexico there are at least those of 1683, 1690, 1728, 1753. It has been printed at Puebla in the years 1793, 1831, 1837, 1887. An edition was printed at Paris in 1862. The edition of 1887 is commonly on sale and goes chiefly to Indian purchasers. 48. Caballero ; Dario Julio. Gramdtica del Idioma Mexicana segun el sistema de Ollendorf. Grammar of the Aztec language after the Ollendorf system. Mexico: 1880. 8°. pp. 212 and vocabulary. The book was written to assist the educated class in Mexico to gain a knowledge of "this elegant tongue," that they might converse with the Indians in their own language and so impart culture to, and elevate, them. 49. Catecismo de la Doctrina Cristiana en la lengua Mixteca .... por nil Mixteco. Catechism of the Christian Doc- trine in the Mixtec language .... by a Mixtec. Puebla: 1899. 16°. pp.47. This is probably the latest book of its class — a class that has been appearing continuously since the middle of the sixteenth century. It is intended simply for Indian use. 50. Chimalpopoca ; Faustino. El Ceiitavo de Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe. The Centavo of Our Lady of Guadalupe. Mexico: 1869. 8°. pp. 6. The most celebrated shrine in Mexico is that of Guadalupe; it is especially dear to the Indians. In 1869 the church was running behind in its receipts, and a movement was organized by the 14 Sociedad Catblica to raise money for the sanctuary by voluntary offerings of one centavo monthly. Circulars explaining the plan were widely distributed among the Spanish-speaking po})ulation. A translation of this appeal was made by Faustino Chimalpopoca, himself an Indian, descendant of a famous ancient family, and a man of scholarly attainments, into x\ztec for distribution to the Indians. 51. Chimalpopoca; Faustino. Epitome b modo fdcil de aprende^- tl idioma Nahuatl b lengua Mexicaiia. Epitome or easy mode of learning the Nahuatl or Aztec language. Mex- ico : 1869. 8°. pp. 124. 52. Cronista de Mexico: for June 13, 1864. It is a special issue of the periodical The Mexican Chronicler, printed in honor of Maximilian's elevation to the imperial throne. It is printed in Spanish and Aztec, in blue ink. — Revista de Mexico: No. 33 of Vol. IV, 1890, of the periodical Review of Mexico, was a special number, com- memorative of the torture of Quauhtemotzin, eleventh and last of the Aztec rulers ; it contains some Aztec matter. See Poma : No. 33. 53. El Liliputiense. The Lilliputian. This was a small news- paper, printed partly in Aztec, which was published for a time at Tepoztlan, in the state of Morelos. See Poma: No. 33. 54. Purepe. This little journal ran through but three issues in November and December, 1882. It was published in Tarascan, at Quiroga, Michoacan, and was conducted by Nicolas Leon and a Tarascan Indian named Juan B. Tapia. It is extremely rare; Dr. Leon himself does not possess a copy. See Poma: No. 33. 55. Dos Invitaciones en lengua Tarasca: Two invitations in the Tarascan language. :887, 1888. These are men- tioned in Leon's catalogue, where one is said to be in verse ; the other is a translation of San Bernardo's Memorare. 56. El Evangelio de San Lucas, del Latin al Mexicano b mejor Nahuatl. The gospel of St. Luke, from Latin into Aztec or better Nahuatl. London: 1883. 12°. pp. 139. This is mentioned by Icazbalceta, who says: "I do not know 15 who is the author of this translation or what confidence it merits." It is introduced here because No. 75, printed in Mexico, is copied literally from it. 5 7 . Galicia ; Faustino Chimalpopoca. Silahario de idionia Mexi ca/io. Syllable-book of the Aztec language. Mexico: 1849. ^2°. Several editions have appeared; the fifth, in 1892, has pp. 32. It is commonly on sale. The author was professor of Aztec in the University of Mexico. 58. Gastelu; Antonio Vasquez. ("King of Figueroa.") Cate- cismo breve que precisameiite debe saber el Cristiaiio. Short catechism of exactly what the Christian ought to know. The first edition of this popular catechism appeared at Puebla in 1733. It has been repeatedly reprinted. Among recent editions falling within our scope are: Puebla, i860; Orizaba, 1865; and Orizaba, 1888. All are in 16", of few pages. 59. Lorenzana ; Serapio de. Un Interprete Hiiasteco. A Huas- tecan phrase-book. Mexico: 1896. 16°. pp. 43. This little work was published as a handy manual for travelers and others who need practical knowledge of common phrases. 60. Memorandum acerca de la inauguracibii solemiie del iiionu- iitciito erigido eii honor de Cuauhtemoc eii la calzada de la Reforma de la Ciudad de Mexico. Souvenir of thepub- lic dedication of the monu- ment erected in honor of Cuauhtemoc in the Paseo de la Reforma of the City of Mexico. This contains an Aztec discourse pronounced bv the eminent scholar Fran- cisco del Paso v Troncoso. 61. Molina; Arcadio G. El Jas- min del Istmo : Priiicipios generales para aprendcr d leer, escribir y hablar la lengua Zapoteca. The Jas- mine of the Isthmus : Gen- 16 ARCADIO G. MOLINA eral principles for learning to read, write, and speak the Zapotec language. Oaxaca : 1892. 16". pp. 175. The author, a Zapotec Indian, lives at San Bias. The dialect of San Bias differs from that of Tehuantepec, though the two municipalities join and their governmental town houses are less than a quarter of an hour's walk apart. The book was written on personal initiative and was pub- lished by the author at his own expense. The whole of the first edition has been sold and a second has been printed. It is a creditable piece of work. 62. Molina; Arcadio G. La Rosa del Amor. The Rose of Love. San Blas-Tehuantepec : 1894. 12". pp. 12. The author says : " It contains eight lessons of love phrases in Spanish and Zapotec for lovers." I know no more curi- dus native Indian book. It was published and sold by ihe author, and was intended for actual use. 63. Olivares ; Sebastian. Catecismo zapichu Catamba Espahol ca Tarasco liymbo . . . . S. 0. Catechism translated from Spanish into Tarascan .... by S. O. Mexico : 1891. i6^ (Leon.) 64. Palacios ; Casiano. Catecismo dc la Doctrina Cristiana escrito en lengua Mixteca. Catechism of the Christian Doctrine written in the Mixtec language. Oaxaca: 1896. 24". pp. 23. The standard work upon the ancient Mixtec was written at Teposcolula by Antonio de ios Reyes and printed in Mexico in 1593. In that same town, in 1896, the cura, Casiano Palacios, himself an Indian, speaking Mixtec in his ten churches, wrote this little catechism. He knew nothinof of the book of Reyes or its historical interest, but labored at his translation as a means of saving souls. Three centuries and more separate these workers in that mountain town. 65. Palafox; Juan de. Manual para administrar Ios Santos Sacrame/itos. Manual for the administration of the holy sacraments. Puebla : 1S64. 4". pp. 451, and index. Leon says that this work is in Latin, Spanish, and Aztec, and that it is little known to bibliographers. 66. Palma ; Miguel T. Gramatica de la lengua Azteca b Me.xi- cana. Grammar of the Aztec or Mexican language. Puebla: 1886. 8°. pp. 126. Miguel T. Palma was a 17 full-blood Indian, whose mother-tongue was Aztec. He was highly respected in Puebla, where he practiced law and tauafht Aztec in the state normal school and Latin in the state college. This grammar is an excellent work — clear, exact, and comprehensive. 67. Palma ; Miguel T. Constitucibn de los E. U. Mexicanos .... tradiicida al idioma Azteca b Mexica//o. Constitu tion of the United States of Mexico .... translated into the Aztec or Mexican language. Puebla: 1888. 8°. pp. 59. The Spanish orig- inal and Aztec translation are on opposite pages. 68. Palma ; Miguel T. Catecistno de la Doctrina Cristiana, por el Padre Gerotiimo de Ripalda, traducido al idioma Mexicaiio. Catechism of the Christian Doctrine by Fa- ther Geronimo de Ripalda, translated into the Aztec language. Puebla: 1886. 16°. pp. 114. This cate- chism is popular and is much sold. 69. Paredes ; Ignacio de. Catecistiio de la Doctrina O-istiaua en Mexicano. Catechism of the Christian Doctrine in Aztec. Reprinted by order of the bishop of Chilapa. Mexico: 1878. 12°. Paredes translated Ripalda's catechism in 1758. His translation was reprinted in 1809. In 1878, one hundred and twenty years after its first appearance, this new edition was published. (Leon.) 70. Promesas de Nuestro Senor a la B. Margarita Alacoque : translated into Aztec. Promises of Our Lord to Mar- garita Alacoque. Zamora : 1887. 12°. i leaf. (Leon.) 71. Promesas de Nuestro Senor a la B. Margarita Alacoque: translated into Tarascan. Promises of Our Lord to Mar- garita Alacoque. Zamora: 1887. 12°. i leaf. (Leon.) 7 J. Quiroz Yolcecel; Bernardino de Jesus. La Enseiianza 18 MIGUKL T. PALMA Nahiiatl. XaliiiatI instruction. Mexico: 1889. 4°- Pp- 18. Written by an Aztec Indian living at the village of 'Pepoztlan. The preface, addressed to Dr. Penafiel, in Spanish is a good example of the flowery style natural to the Aztec. This book was to have been followed by a second part, but I think this has not been published. 73. Resales y Malpica; Francisco. Gramdtica tebrica-prdctica de la leiigiia Mcxuana. Theoretico-practical grammar of the .\ztec language. Puebla : 1873. 4"- PP- i44- (I-eon.) 74. Valeriano ; Antonio. El milagro de la Virgen del Tepeyac. The miracle of the Virgin of Tepeyac. Puebla: 1895. 16°. pp. 65. The author of this account of the miracu- lous appearance at Tepeyac (now (luadalupe) was an Indian of Atzcajjotzalco. He was one of the first students at the (College of Santiago Tlatelolco, and in 1554 was iL-ader in that institution. He was for thirty- five years " governor of the Indians " of the City of Mexico. He died in 1605. His article has been printed several times in other works, but not before separately. In 1895, '''t '^''^ revival of the Guadalupan controversy, connected with the crowning of the Virgin at Guadalupe, this was printed, through the interest of Bishop Vera of Cuernavaca. The original Aztec and the Spanish trans- lation are printed on opposite pages. 75. Yacuic lyec Tenotzaltzin /// Jesii Christo quenami oqiiimo ihcuilJiili in San Lucas. Translation of the gospel of St. Luke into Aztec. Mexico: 1889. 16°. pp. 139. Referred to in No. 56. Published by the Methodist Episcopal Press in the City of Mexico. For some reason verses 4 and 5 in chapter xiii are omitted. 19 1282916 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. ^^ix^'^^ ro.i;p ' fl^GlTt5Rp ^ >5^ ^ )]H9L %^r "* mr 7 ^ ^'^ OCT 6197L .* Form L9-40m-7,'56(C790s4)444 -^-'^^-^tBlTT of CALirOK«4*. 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