51 
 QMs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -V— * 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tn 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 % m\ m 
 
 
 
 
 % 
 
 
 
 
 'ftlJDNY 
 
 
 h-of-ca; 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 : ; - 2 ■ 

 
 £tenot£p£: 
 
 or snoirrnnnD dt the ttfewritek. 
 
 WHEREBY 120 WORDS PER MINUTE CAN BE STRUCK OEE 
 
 BY AN 0%DIi^ARY AND 300 WORDS PER MINUTE 
 
 BY AN EX-PERT TYPEWRITER. 
 
 A SYSTEM, WHICH FROM ITS NUMEROUS DECIDED ADVANTAGES 
 OVER ALL KNOWN TREATISES ON PHONO AND STENOGRAPHY, 
 WILL ENTIRELY DISPENSE WITH THE USE OF THESE SYSTEMS 
 IN THE TELEGRAPH OFFICE AND COUNTING ROOM WHERE 
 TYPEWRITING MACHINES HAVE BEEN IN USE. IT IS ESPECIALLY 
 INVALUABLE FOR THE PRINTING TELEGRAPH. 
 
 The principles of the system can be learned in a few hours, and sufficient speed acquired ii 
 
 the time required to manipulate with speed an ordinary typewriting machine. 
 
 The system can be adopted to any first-class typewriting machine. 
 
 Second Improved Edition. 
 
 BY RFC. T>. A. QUINN. 
 
 Providence, R. I.: The Continental Printing Co. 
 
 Dyer and Pine Streets. 
 
 L895.
 
 COPYRIGHTED, 1895, 
 
 BY REV. D. A. QUINN, 
 
 ST. MARIA HOME. 
 
 PROVIDENCE, R. I. 

 
 n 
 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 THE AUTHOR 
 
 • does not by the title page mean to insinuate that Stenotypy will 
 supersede Phonography in all its adaptations. On the contrary, he 
 wishes to state that the system can be used only in connection with 
 typewriting machines. 
 
 While the pen and pencil are more portable, it will be seen at 
 once that Phonography is available in various departments where it 
 would be inconvenient or impossible to use machines. 
 
 However, the Author makes bold to assert that wherever a 
 typewriter is available, Stenotypy has decided advantages over all 
 other shorthand systems. Whenever a typewriter shall be invented 
 that can easily be carried in the pocket (we hope to see it soon in the 
 market), indeed, phono and stenography will be universally discarded 
 as obsolete and unworthy of a progressive age. 
 
 A few of the advantages of Stenotypy are noted on the next two 
 pages. 
 
 *Lest anyone should consider this system constructed on a superficial basis, the Author begs to state that 
 being thoroughly acquainted, for several years, with Pitman's, Munson's, Graham's, and Odell's systems oi 
 phono and stenography, ho has thoroughly investigated the difficulties ami advantages ol Stenotypy, and i- 
 
 pleased to Btate that if the few rules giveu in the following treatise are strictly observed, there will he no con- 
 fusion of words or sentences, while the reading of the abbreviated word- will lie a pleasure rather than an 
 onerous task. 
 
 In cases where all the word signs of the alphabet are not attached to any particular machine, the operator 
 must use the usual phonetic mode of spelling.
 
 Advantages 
 
 to 
 
 OF STENOTYPY. 
 
 i. The system can be learned in a few hours, and requires no more practice than 
 is generally devoted to acquire speed in ordinary type-writing. 
 
 2. Stenotypy is exceedingly more legible than any system of phonography or 
 shorthand. In Pitman's, Graham's, Barnes', Pernin's, and all other less popular 
 systems, one sign is made to represent two, and sometimes three letters. For instance : 
 To write the words catholic, character, queen, king, only one sign for the initial letter 
 of each of these letters is phonographically given. X and Q_are left out in all phono- 
 graphic systems. Every reporter knows how difficult it is to designate by heavy and 
 light strokes, or half or double length st okes, P, T ; F, V ; CH, J ; K, G ; S, Z, &c. 
 
 <n In Stenotypy all the letters of the Alphabet (soft and hard, long or short), may be used, 
 £J thereby rendering the reading less difficult. It is very easy for a shorthand writer to 
 >- dash off eighty or ioo words per minute ; but it often requires years of practice to read 
 < what has been so quickly written. Stenotypy is especially adapted for facile reading, 
 S5 besides being adapted to a speed far greater than phonography could ever attain. 
 
 3. It must be remembered that Stenotypy has all the advantages of phonography, 
 ^ besides it expresses words and sounds by their proper letters, just as they are printed in 
 
 a book or newspaper. Ksrss ; cstion, of Pitman style, are not as legible as the abbrevi- 
 ated form of Stenotypy: xrcs ; qstion, meaning exercise, question. In all systems of 
 -a shorthand the exact positions of signs above, tipon and below the line ; also, perpendicu- 
 lar and horizontal positions, and half and double length lines must be carefully 
 expressed lest the reading should be rendered impossible. Oftentimes life and property 
 £ have been jeopardized by the mistaking of a half for -a full or a double stroke ; or a 
 j2 sign on for a sign above or below the line. Stenotypy can have no letter out of posi- 
 tion ; a single tap of the key defines the character of each letter. 
 
 4. Stenotypy dispenses with Pitman's awkward use of heavy and light strokes 
 and triple positions, as also Pernin's small, large and larger circles and loops for vowels, 
 
 4521.'? 2
 
 and lines and divisions of lines for consonants. As a shorthand writer of thirty years 
 experience, the Author found more difficulty in finding out the position and length of 
 lines or curves than to guess the words in their non-vowel form. In rapid writing it is 
 almost impossible to guide a pen or pencil so that it will distinctly mark vertical, oblique 
 and horizontal half or full lines or curves. Yet, the reading, as every reporter knows, 
 depends on the size and position. With the typewriter, there is no such difficulty. In 
 most cases it is easier to read exercises in Stenotypy than sentences spelled in their full 
 or othographic entirety. Stenotypy is a boon to all aspiring David Copperfields. 
 
 ;;. While the phonographic manuscript can be read only by the writer or reporter 
 himself, Stenotvpv, being based on the letters of the Alphabet (firmly attached to the' 
 machine,) can be read at any time by anyone who understands the language. 
 
 6. Whilst scarcely one out of a hundred ever acquires sufficient speed in phonogra- 
 phy, t'ne practice of Stenotypy is a pleasant exercise, easily learned, and great speed 
 can be acquired by anyone of ordinary ability. 
 
 -. Frequently, the most learned persons are sorry penmen. In Stenotypy 
 nervous and awkward persons are often the fastest typewriters. It may, at once, be 
 understood that anyone who is expert at the typewriter, will have no difficulty 
 whatever in becoming a speedy Stenotypist. 
 
 S. Stenotvpv dispenses with the use of text and exercise books, and saves the 
 time (averaging from six to twelve months) necessary to acquire proficiency in short- 
 hand, besides the expenses of a teacher. 
 
 9. As no pen wielded by a human hand can compete in speed with an ordinary 
 typewriter, for the same reason can no reporter or penman write as fast as a Steno- 
 typist. Stenotypy is simply shorthand operated by a typewriter. 
 
 STENOTYPY AND THE PRINTING TELEGRAPH. 
 
 10. Of the numerous departments in which stenotypy can be utilized, perhaps, 
 telegraphy is the most important. At present telegraph operators have adopted an 
 abbreviated code for transmitting words. It is founded on phonetics, but is not 
 governed by any rule. An illustration will best describe it. An operator in Washing- 
 ton, transmitting a spe< ial dispatch to an operator in New York, clicks off' the follow- 
 ing:— 
 
 Desines _ prepard a1 1 buro ■> eng .< ptg 
 for new Issue o 5 dol slvr ctfs 1 <lr\\";s hvg bn 
 tarnished by Blashfleld. On 1 face <> these 
 •-.I i) >ii Intricate traceries & envgs as i<> 
 drier t most drg fin even atmptg o> counterfeit 
 • in. 1 pvailg tone bg sh r gra. 
 
 The expert typewriter " receiver " turns oul 
 this translation "f the jargon : 
 
 Designs are being prepared at the Bureau of 
 Engraving and Printing for a new issue of $5 
 silver certificates. The drawings having been 
 furnished by Blashfleld. On the face of these 
 miles will he such intricate traceries and en- 
 gravings as to deter the most daring from even 
 attempting to counterfeit them, the prevailing 
 lone being a silver gray.
 
 In the foregoing abbreviated form there arc 200 letters and 52 word spacings, while 
 in the translation there are 2S0 letters and 52 word spaces ; so that So letters are saved by 
 the telegraph code. Now, in writing the above extract according to the rules of Steno- 
 typy, we find that instead of 80, we save 130 letters and 43 space taps, or a net saving 
 of 1 73 taps on the transmitter, whilst the reading is immenselv facilitated. Every 
 character of Stenotypy is founded on phonetic principles. Prefixes, affixes and word 
 characters are clearly represented, and on account of the frequency of capital letters, 
 , the attention of the eye is more easily arrested. In order to fully comprehend the prin- 
 ciples of Stenotypy, and thoroughly understand the key that unravels all its apparent 
 difficulties, only the Alphabet, or two pages of the booklet has to be memorized. The 
 grammalogues, and arbitrary signs used are fewer than those used by Pittman, Graham. 
 Pernin, &c. 
 
 The Author feels confident, that after two weeks' study, any ordinary student can 
 read all the exercises in the present volume. 
 
 The following is the above telegraph message written according to Stenotypy : 
 
 dsInsRb, ; prdT'bUi'OFngrv, &prnt, 4<fcnUi)UF5$s lvr crtfk 
 8s'drw,H,bn frn)dB Bl) f Id. N'f9F(s n@sLBs# ntrk8trs3s&ngr 
 v,Z2dtr f mst dAr, frmEvn tmpt.2 2ft (m f ; vl, tOmb, &slvr grA. 
 
 Indeed, any one capable of judging of the merits of Stenotypy must admit that 
 there is not in existence a more efficient, and at the same time a shorter and simpler 
 treatise on shorthand than the present little volume. 
 
 "For those who have neither the time nor aptitude to learn any of the complicated shorthand systems In 
 vogue, your Invention is invaluable. For legibility and rapidity it is infinitely preferable to any of the known 
 systems."— Bt. Rev. N. C. Matz, Bishop of Denver, Col., Feb. 5, 1S95. 
 
 TO
 
 ALPHABET AND KEY 
 
 TO STENOTYPY. 
 
 CAPITALS. GRAMMALOGUES. SUFFIXES 
 
 B be, by, but. 
 
 C say, see, sea. 
 
 D day, die, do. 
 
 F if, of, off. 
 
 G God, go, age. -age. 
 
 H he, have, him. 
 
 J Jesus, jew. -ness-ship. 
 
 K can, no, know. (Kt can't.) 
 
 L Lord, all, will. 
 
 M "lay, me, my, am. 
 
 N in, on, under. (N- only.) 
 
 P up, upon, people. 
 
 Q queen, quack, quick. -head-hood. 
 
 R arc, or, our, Mr. (Rss Messrs Rs ours.) 
 
 S she, shall, so. 
 
 T that, it, out. 
 
 U you, ye. 
 
 V very, every, over, ever. 
 
 W we, who, was, with. (W- wholly.) 
 
 X Christ. (Xn christian.) _ oxy# 
 
 Y they, thee, thy, thou. (Yn thine.) 
 Z as, is, us. (Ze use.) 
 
 $ ch, dollar, each, church, 
 
 i th 
 
 ) sh 

 
 ALPHABET AND KEY 
 
 CONTINUED. 
 
 
 CAPITALS. 
 
 PREFIXES. 
 
 SUFF1 
 
 2 
 
 contra, contri, contro, counter. 
 
 
 3 
 
 enter, inter, intro, intru. 
 
 -try-ary-ory. 
 
 4 
 
 magna, magne, magni. 
 
 -fore-dom. 
 
 5 
 
 trans. 
 
 -ive-ife-ful. 
 
 6 
 
 accom, accum, accoun. 
 
 -ion-sion-self. 
 
 7 
 
 encom, incon, encoun, incog. 
 
 -able-ible-ment. 
 
 8 
 
 recom, recog. 
 
 -ate-ity-tude. 
 
 9 
 
 retra, retre, retri, retro. 
 
 -ace-acy-ice. 
 
 % 
 
 circum. (per cent.) 
 
 -ony-mony. 
 
 # 
 
 hypo, hyper, (number.) 
 
 -ember-gress. 
 
 / 
 
 after, afore. 
 
 -ake-ike-oke. 
 
 & 
 
 ( a, an, and, one. (&c. once, 
 ( cm&7 commandment.) 
 (comma over the line) the. 
 
 -and. 
 
 * 
 
 (comma on line) 
 
 -ing-s. 
 
 - 
 
 (dash) 
 
 -ly-less. 
 
 
 (colon) 
 
 -us-ous-ious. 
 
 @ 
 
 at. 
 
 -ite-ote-ute. 
 
 > 
 
 com, con, cor. . 
 pri, pre, pro, pru. 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 -ward-part. 
 
 
 cent-s. 
 
 -ant-ent. 
 
 c catholic, 
 
 character. (with space 
 
 to right and left.) 
 
 d doctor. 
 
 n nothwithstanding, nevertheless. 
 
 o circumstance, world. 
 
 p particular, peculiar. 
 
 x extra, extraordinary.
 
 GRAMMALOGUES, PREFIXES, AFFIXES, 
 
 FIGURES, ETC. 
 
 Grammalogues may be used to form the part of the words they phonographically 
 express, as "4t7 meaning comfortable"; 4G, meaning "foregoing"; \vndr5- won- 
 derfully ; rt-J artfulness. Grammalogues that take s to form their plural require a 
 space after the s, but no space before the grammalogues, 'housWRs ntl ystrD ; 
 meaning " the house was ours until yesterday." (Note space between Rs and ntl.) 
 
 If we except the small letters, c, n, o, p, x, and initial capital letters of proper 
 names and prefixes, it may be taken as a rule without an exception, that wherever a 
 grammalogue, suffix, punctuation mark or figure, used as an abbreviation as also a 
 vowel, occurs, there will be no space before or after such character. 
 
 The punctuation marks " ; . ? retain their normal use. The semi-colon ( ;) and in- 
 verted commas (") when used for punctuation, have a space to the left ; when used 
 as prefixes, there is no space. 
 
 EXPLANATORY. 
 
 The chief impediment to fast typewriting is the frequent use of the spacer or space 
 kev, which requires a tap of the finger just like a letter of the alphabet, and is conse- 
 quently very tedious where words of one syllable occur. The system of stenotypy is 
 d on the principal of elimination, or getting rid of space whenever this economy 
 - not cause confusion in the reading of the subject matter. Accordingly the author 
 has found it expedient to group, under the headings of grammalogues, prefixes and 
 suffixes, the words of most frequent use in the language, especially those words and 
 suffixes difficult to be read without vowels. It must be carefully borne in mind that 
 wherever a grammalogue, figure, stop, suffix or capital vowel occurs, there must be no 
 space either before or after the next letter. All these when used as abbreviations, as 
 vowels indicate space (or the end of a word) as readily as a blank which requires 
 the tap of a spacer. Prefixes must have one space to the left, except the inverted 
 commas, and semi-colon, which have no space to the left or right. 
 
 VOWELS, ETC. 
 
 The capital vowels when used retain their long sounds : A, in alms, ale, all ; E, in 
 '' ' I '• '" " r and oil ; (), in ode, U, in pure, food. The dipthongs oi, ou, 00, au, are 
 expressed 1»\ small vowels. There must be no space before or after capital vowels. 
 
 10
 
 The small or short vowels, a. e, i, o, u, are seldom used in words of more than one 
 syllable and never when silent. Each of the small short vowels is expressed in the 
 words : pat, pet, pit, pot, put. 
 
 The sound of each word is expressed, as in short hand systems, either phonetically 
 or stenographically, either way being adopted inasmuch as it facilitates the reading of 
 the exercise. 
 
 All consonants, vowels, and figures, such as B, C, I, K, T, 2, 4, S, etc., stand for 
 the words they phonetically express, C for see or sea, I for eye or I, T for tea, 2 for too 
 or two, 8 for ate or eight, etc. IOU&$&&hlf means I owe you a dollar and a half. 
 No regard need be paid to orthographic or correct spelling, only such words as may be 
 considered indispensably necessary to give the sound of the word, must be expressed. 
 As in all phonographic systems, each word expressed by consonants, must be guessed 
 by supplying vowels, or from its position in the context. The reader, after a little 
 practice, will find no difficulty in making out the words expressed by their consonants, 
 as bsk, bbl, bkm, drk, meaning bask or busk, became or become, dark or dirk. 
 The context will readily suggest the word that is meant. 
 
 When it is necessary to prefix a capital letter to a word, the capital is prefixed to 
 the word with a space before it as r@2 Jms& Ptr, " write to James and Peter." 
 
 11
 
 EXERCISES ON THE 
 
 GRAMMALOGUES, PREFIXES, SUFFIXES, FIGURES AND STOPS. 
 
 B Bst&. BBDntC (rZNy(,2BCn wr(yFnt9. 
 
 Be standing by, but do not say there is anything to be seen worthy of notice. 
 C HWhsCn' Mdtrnn hsCn'lrgstFCs. 
 
 He who has seen the Mediterranean has seen the largest of seas. 
 D ddNy&Cwn Grg ddFpplxy? 
 
 Did anyone say when George died of apoplexy? 
 F Drn$ (s brn$FOkF'trEFUR7BcsTZrtn. 
 
 Do wrench this branch of oak off the tree, if you are able, because it is rotten. 
 G IILG2$&prA2GWlvs mnNVG. 
 
 He will go to church and pray to God who loves man in every age. 
 H J HLntHHprA2jbksH\V&J. 
 
 He will not have him pray to Jesus because he was a Jew. 
 H J FHHtrUGldJHwd wrJG. 
 
 If he have true godliness he would worship God. 
 K 'hpJF'blsdNhvnKmnKK. 
 
 The happiness of the blessed in heaven no man can know. 
 L 'LLhrLWprAzH. 
 
 The Lord will hear all who pray to him. 
 M UMbr.MM$r 4 IMtrdFwlk,. 
 
 You may bring me my chair, for I am tired of walking. 
 N EMN&ngn-stt6N'tpF(s hi. 
 
 I am in an ungainly situation on the top of this hill. 
 P Nv(5 'P2cm&pA(r dUsB^TLBzlS. 
 
 Invite the people to come and pay their dues before it will be too late. 
 Q 'QWtndd , QWQ : rmvd4slvnJFwrkmnJ. 
 
 The quack who attended the queen was quickly removed for slovenness of 
 win kmanship. 
 R i rR5oR&hndrdFRmnN , mpl7FR JOns. 
 
 There are fifty or a hundred of our men in the employment of Mr. Jones. 
 S SSnt DSsn. 
 
 She shall nol die so soon. 
 T TprtFTZTF'qst6. 
 
 Th.it pari of it is out of the (|uestion. 
 U UwrLrdmdB'bldFJXRL&svr. 
 
 i were all redeemed by the blood of Jesus Christ, our Lord and Saviour.
 
 V Vmn smsVgtl ntlUfndTyr mst/. 
 
 Every man seems very good until you find out your mistake. 
 W W LsstSn-W (sWRvrt :. 
 
 We will associate only with those who are virtuous. 
 X XWN x prsn n 'htrdF'Js. 
 
 Christ was an extraordinary person, notwithstanding the hatred of the Jews. 
 
 Y WwrLrdmdBYOXfrYmrcyZbyndUmn nlG. 
 
 We were all redeemed by Thee, O Christ, for thy mercy is beyond human 
 knowledge. 
 Z YLBdnNr(ZTZNhvn. 
 
 Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. 
 $ $ldJ&01dGR'2xtrmsFl5. 
 
 Childhood and old age are the two extremes of life. 
 ( I(tIWG,2 P s (rU'gS. 
 
 I thought I was going to pass through the gate. 
 ) ')pWsbmrgd. 
 
 The ship was submerged, 
 i IH2ls. 
 
 I have two eyes. 
 
 2 I Hxmnd hs2ls&fndYwr2lng nglktd. 
 
 I have examined his two eyes and find they were too long neglected. 
 
 3 m3cn3mm3. 
 
 Marry, country, memory. 
 
 4 (r4k, 4 . 
 Therefore, kingdom. 
 
 5 bn5str5. 
 Baneful, strife. 
 
 6 Hl5sN'mn6H6. 
 
 He lives in the mansion himself. 
 
 7 ncp7Fmpr\ T 7. 
 Incapable of improvement. 
 
 8 'prShs n(r prbSm^tS. 
 
 The pirate has neither probity nor fortitude, 
 g TZEsy2dtkt pIi^N'srfoTo. 
 
 It is easy to detect piracy on the surface of ice. 
 o IOU&$&&hlf. 
 
 & &boy&&mn gv$&$. 
 
 A boy and a man gave each a dollar. 
 
 (comma over the line) 'mn&'wmn. The man and the woman. 
 
 »3
 
 , (comma on the line) 'mnZsns-NhsNt /,. 
 
 The man is senseless in his undertaking. 
 : (colon) TW&glr : Dfr'crc :. 
 
 It was a glorious day for the circus. 
 
 (dash) nh-lw-J. 
 Unholy lawlessness. 
 
 wr@&n@N&mn@. 
 Write a note in a minute. 
 # rm# ;#@LtIms. 
 
 Remember progress at all times. 
 % TZsi%3$rg6%- 
 
 It is simony to charge six per cent. 
 
 Gbk 2m . 
 
 Go backward to impart. 
 / t/$mnl/H. 
 
 Take each man like him. 
 $ TZplsc2KThs rs^vst cstB$50(j'. 
 
 It is pleasant to know that his recent visit cost but one dollar and fifty cents. 
 
 n ' x cs F(s p cAsWL n Nt/T. 
 Notwithstanding the extraordinary circumstances of this particular case, we will 
 nevertheless, undertake it. 
 
 %@ 
 
 »4
 
 PREFIXES. 
 
 It must be borne in mind, that, unlike the Affixes and Grammalogues, (which 
 require no space before or after), the prefixes herein inserted must have a space pre- 
 ceding, except the inverted commas and semi-colon which have no space. 
 
 Thus IMG, 2 zdktU. I am going to contradict you. The figure 2 is utilized to 
 express contra., contri, contro, counter. But it must be observed there is a space 
 between the two twos. This rule must be observed in all cases where prefixes are used, 
 except in cases where the semi-colon ( ;) and inverted commas (") are used, which 
 have no space except when used as punctuation marks. 
 
 2 contra, contri, contro, counter. H 2m&s'rdr. He countermands the order. 
 
 3 enter, inter, intro, intru. IL 3dsU. I will introduce you. 
 
 4 magna, magne, magni. TZ 4fsC. It is magnificent. 
 
 5 trans. H 5ISS Lvy. He translates Livy. 
 
 6 accom, accum, accoun. TZEsy2 6pl). It is easy to accomplish. 
 
 7 encom, incon, encoun, incog. TZV 7vEn(J > . It is very inconvenient. 
 
 8 recoun, recog. H SnlzdM. He recognized me. 
 g retra, retre, retri, retro. TL 9V. It will retrieve. 
 
 % circum. 'cptn %nvgSs. The captain circumnavigates. 
 
 4£ hypo, hyper. 'mnZ z^krtkl. The man is hypocritical. 
 
 / after, afore. HcAm / s. He came afterwards. 
 
 " H"&sM2r@. He commands me to write. 
 
 ; HZ& ;d<|! ;sd<t\ He is a prudent president.
 
 READING EXERCISES 
 
 IN STENOTYPY. 
 
 The Lord's Prayer. 
 
 Rf (rWRtNhvn hlwdBYnmYk, 4 cmYLBdnNr(ZTZNhvn g5Z(sDRD-brd&4g5 
 ZRtrspsZW4g5(s\Vtrsps gnstZ&lEdZntN2tmpt6BdlvrZfrm vl. Mn. 
 
 Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name, thy kingdom come, thy will 
 be done on earth as it is in heaven ; give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our 
 trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us, and lead us not into temptation 
 but deliver us from evil. Amen. 
 
 The Lord's Prayer written in full requires that the letter keys and spacer be struck 2S3 times ; 
 whilst according to Stenotypy only 116 taps are necessary. 
 
 The following extracts will immediately represent to the eye the advantages of Stenotypy 
 over ordinary typewriting. 
 
 From Addison's "Tattler." 
 
 I$nsd2rIsVr-& p mrn, ( s smr&t/&wlkN2'cn32 , dvrtM6mng'fld 
 s&mdws wl'grnWnw&'flwrsNblm. ZT(s sEsnF'yrVlAnZ& bUt5wlk& 
 Vhdg5FnsgsIlstM6W&gr8dlFpl)r mng svrl (kts&b)sTwr fldW& 
 gr8vr8Fbrds&Ngr7cnf6FnOts w$4md'pls^st sEnN' o 2&Whd psd 
 &w01 wntrNnois&smk. 
 
 I chanced to rise very early one particular morning this summer, and took a walk 
 into the country to divert myself among the fields and meadows while the green was 
 new, and the (lowers in bloom. As at this season of the year every lane is a beautiful 
 
 16
 
 walk and every hedge full of nosegays, I lost myself with a great deal of pleasure among 
 several thickets and bushes, that were filled with a variety of birds and an agreeable 
 confusion of notes, which formed the pleasantest scene in the world to me, who had 
 passed a whole winter in noise and smoke. 
 
 n(,mr5-tsts'Utl8F)rt&r@t, (n'rpd8Ww$Ths grwnN2Ze dr 
 ,'pst fUyrs. 50 yrsG&sk Id )r t&r&trWrAr&'r tWlkdPZ&sr tF 
 ms3&S4md7Ftn7Z2dtrLB'mst cr g: frm tempt, 2f(mTs ms3s. 
 
 Nothing more fully attests the utility of shorthand writing than the rapidity with 
 which it has grown into use during the past few years. Fifty years ago a skilled short- 
 hand writer was rare, and the art was looked upon as a sort of mystery, and so formid- 
 able of attainment as to deter all but the most courageous from attempting to fathom its 
 mysteries. 
 
 To write the latter extract, the keys and spacer of a typewriting machine must be struck 150 
 times according to Stenotype ; and 344 times according to the ordinary method. To write the same 
 according to Pitman's phonography, 221 motions of the hand or pen are required; Munson's 
 system 195, and Graham's 193. In the above extract, Stenotypy has a gain of 67 motions over 
 Pitman's phonography, 41 over Munson's and 39 over Graham's. The gain of Stenotypy is there- 
 fore a mathematical fact. 
 
 From "The Guardian." 
 
 '-(rZKvrtUStr-gr8&Gl/Zjst9. mstF'(r vr tsR'vr tsFcr t8d 
 B, R 68d2RntrZWRmn. j s t9ZTW$Zpr tk9dBGH6&2Bpr tk9dNTs 
 prfk6BnnBH. ZTBpr fk- j s tZNtrb(5 F'dvn ntr 2BS2'tms tFRbl8s 
 Z'gl3Fmn. wn&n6&c IssTs r grd4 j s t9wnYDnt lkPTZsm(, 
 vnr7&nvl7wnNyF(m dAr2; sm21sn frntRtrfy (swH'ds trb6FT 
 N(r h&s wn&jdgZ c p7FB, nf lnsdBny(, BlwR&causMB 8nddBny(, 
 TZ4n2Ts wn mr tsWMvntr2; nns Ts$&n6Zhs tn, 2Ts rUn. 4 
 (s rsn'bst lw TVpsdNRDZTw$"tnsRj dgsN(r psts dr,(r gd 
 bhvrWTlv, (m2 , mrcyFs$WNil tms mtBNndUnf lnsV(m trbl&prvrt 
 'crsFj s t9. 
 
 There is no virtue so truly great and God-like as justice. Most of the other virtues 
 are the virtues of created beings or accommodated to our nature as we are men. Justice
 
 is that which is practiced by God himself, and to be practiced in its perfection by none 
 but him. As to be perfectly just is an attribute of the divine nature to be so to the 
 utmost of our abilities, is the glory of man. When a nation once loses its regard for 
 justice ; when they do not look upon it as something venerable and inviolable ; when 
 any of them dare to presume to lessen, affront or terrify those who have the distribution 
 of it in their hands ; when a judge is capable of being influenced by anything but law, 
 or a cause may be recommended by anything that is foreign to its own merits, we may 
 venture to pronounce that such a nation is hastening to its ruin. For this reason the 
 best law that has ever passed in our day is that which continues our judges in their 
 posts during their good behavior, without leaving them to the mercy of such, who in ill 
 times, might by an undue influence over them trouble and pervert the course of justice. 
 
 From " Genesis." — Chapter I. 
 
 N' bgn, Gcr8d hvn&r(. &' r (WWT4m&void&drk JWP' f9F* dp. 
 &' sprtFGmvdP' f9F' wtrs&Gsd It (rBl@&(rWl@. &Gsw' 1©TT 
 Wgd&Gdvdd' l@frm'drkJ. &Gcld' 1 tD&' drk JHcld nit. &' 
 vn, &'mrn, wr'frstD. &Gsd It (rB&f rm7N'mds tF'wtrs . &Gmd' 
 frm7&dvdd'wtrs w$ wrN'f rm7 f rm'wtrs w|wr bv' frm7&TWS. & 
 Gcld'frm7hvn. &'vn, &'mrn, wr'skndD. &Gsd It'wtrsNhvnB 
 g(rd2g(rN2&pls&lt'dry l&pr&TWS. &Gcld'dry l&r (&'g(r, 
 2g(rF'wtrsHcldCs&GswTTWgd. &Gsd lt'r( br,4( grs'hrb yld, 
 sEd&'frt trE yld, frt f trTs kndWs sdZNT6P'r (&TWS. &'r( brt 
 4( grs&hrb yld.sd ftrTs knd&'trEy Id, frtWs sEdWNT6 ftrTs 
 knd&GswTTWgd. &'vn, &'mrn, wr'(rdD. &Gsdlt (rBl tsN'f rm7F 
 hvn2dvd'Dfrm'nt&lt (mB4s Ins&4ssns&4Ds&yrs. &lt (m 
 B4l tsN' f rm7Fhvn2g5 1 tP'r (&TWS. &Gmd2gr8l ts'gr 8 r 1 t2r 1 
 'D&'lsr lt2rl'ntHmd'strsLS. &Gs t (mP'f rm7Fhvn2g51 tP'r (&2rU 
 10vr'D&vr'nt&2dvd'lt f rm'drk J&GswTTWgd. &'vn, &'mrn, wr'4(D. 
 &Gsd lt'wtrs br, 4( bnd^- 'mv, cr trs TH15&'fwlTMAf-bv'r ( N'Opn 
 frm7Fhvn. &Gcr8d grSwhls&Vlv, crtrTmv( wfwtrs brt4( bnd 
 ^-ftr(r knd&Vw.d fwl f trTs knd&GswTTWgd. &'vn, &'mrn, wr'5( 
 
 iS
 
 D. &Gsd ltZm/mnNRmG&ftrRlkJ&ltHHdmn6V'f)F'C&V'fwlF'Ar 
 &V , ctl&VL'r(&VVcrp, ( , TcrpC PY(. &Gblsd (m&sdBfrt5&ml t 
 p-&rpln)'r(&sbdUT&Hdmn8V'f')F'C&V'fwlF'Ar&VVlv, ( , Tmv(P'r). 
 
 In the beginning God created heaven and earth ; and the earth was without form 
 and void, and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And th* spirit of God moved 
 upon the face of the waters. And God said, let there be light and there was light. 
 And God saw the light that it was good, and God divided the light from the darkness. 
 And God called the light day ; and the darkness He called night. And the eveningand 
 the morning were the first day. And God said let there be a firmament in the midst of 
 the waters. And God made the firmament and divided the waters which were under 
 the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament, and it was so. And 
 God called the firmament heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second 
 day. Ana God said, let the waters under heaven be gathered together unto one place, 
 and let dry land appear, and it was so. And God called the dry land earth, and the 
 gathering together of the waters He called seas, and God saw that it was good. And 
 God said, let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yield- 
 ing fruit after its kind, whose seed is in itself upon the earth, and it was so. And the 
 earth brought forth grass, and herb yielding seed after its kind, and the tree yielding 
 fruit after its kind whose seed was in itself, after its kind upon the earth ; and God saw 
 that it was good. And the evening and the morning were the third day. And God 
 said, let there be lights in the firmament of heaven to divide the day from the night, and 
 let them be for signs and for seasons, and for days and years. And let them be for 
 lights in the firmament of heaven to give light upon the earth, and it was so. And God 
 made two great lights, the greater light to rule the day and the lesser light to rule the 
 night; He made the stars also. And God set them upon the firmament of heaven, to 
 give light upon the earth. And to rule over the day and over the night and to divide 
 the light from the darkness, and God saw that it was good. And the evening and the 
 morning were the fourth day. And God said, let the waters bring forth abundantly the 
 moving creatures that have life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firm- 
 ament of heaven. And God created great whales and every living creature that moveth 
 which the waters brought forth abundantly after their kind, and every winged fowl 
 after its kind, and God saw that it was good. And the evening and the morning were 
 the fifth day. And God said, let us make man in our image and after our likeness, and 
 let him have dominion over the fishes of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over 
 the cattle, and over all the earth and over every creeping thing upon the earth. And 
 God blessed them and said, be fruitful and multiply, and replenish the earth and subdue 
 it, and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over 
 every living thing that moveth upon the earth. 
 
 '9
 
 Rich and Rare Were 
 
 trAr wr'gmsSwOr 
 &&br ' gld r, Nhr w&SbOr 
 
 BOhr bUtyWfr bOnd 
 
 hr sprk 1, gms&snOwl t W&. 
 
 ldy dstYnt fEr2strA 
 (rU(s lOn&blEk wA? 
 R Ems snsSgUdRScld 
 Znt2BtmtdBwmnRgld? 
 
 Rich and rare were the gems she wore, 
 And a bright gold ring on her wand she 
 
 bore : 
 But O her beauty was far beyond 
 Her sparkling gems and snow white wand. 
 
 Lady, dost thou not fear to stray 
 Through this lone and bleak way? 
 Are Erin's sons so good or so cold 
 As not to be tempted by women or gold? 
 
 the Qems She Wore. — Moore. 
 
 Sr n<§ I.fEl nt/lEst lrm 
 KsnF ErnLOfrMArm 
 4L(0Ylv wmn&gldn stOr 
 sr nd'Ylv hnr&vrtUmr. 
 
 NSwe&hr mdns smll 
 
 Nsfty l@d hr rnd'grEnll 
 
 &blst4VWSWrld 
 
 N Erns Onr& Erns prid. 
 
 Sir Knight, I feel not the least alarm, 
 
 Xo son of Erin will offer me harm ; 
 
 For, although they love women and golden 
 
 store, 
 Sir Knight they love honor and virtue more. 
 
 On she went, and her maiden's smile 
 In safety alighted her around the green Isle, 
 And blest forever was she who relied 
 On Erin's honor and Erin's pride. 
 
 1 hey Know Not 
 
 YKntMhrtWblv (rKB 
 &stA.nF(s r(NTs fl,s4Y 
 W(nk wlICYNbUtys yng hr 
 ZpUrZ'mrn, frst dUN'flwr 
 led hrm wtllvZ'sns wen rA 
 BsmlsN'dUdrp2ws tTwA. 
 
 They know not my heart, who believe 
 
 there can he- 
 One Btain of this earth in its feelings for 
 
 th( I 
 Who think, while I see thee in beauty's 
 
 young houi . 
 
 My Heart. — Moore. 
 
 Kbm, Wl@Z(s yng fEtrsR 
 (rZ&l©rndYhrt w$Zlvlr fr 
 TZntTSEkTZ'sOl dwn, clEr 
 (rUTs nqbl) m/sYbUtySdr 
 Z'skyWlkP2(0glr:&fAr 
 ZlkdP2 , mrB c As hvnZ(r. 
 
 As pure as the morning's first dew on the 
 
 flower, 
 I could harm what I love — as the sun's 
 
 wanton ray 
 But smiles on the dewdrop to waste it 
 
 away !
 
 No — beaming with light as those young Through its innocent blush makes thy 
 
 features are, beauty so dear — 
 
 There's a light round thy heart which is As the sky we look up to, though glorious 
 
 lovelier far ; and fair, 
 
 It is not that cheek — 'tis the soul dawning Is looked up to the more, because heaven 
 
 clear is there ! — Moore. 
 
 Mb@ZN')ORMbrkZN'C 
 
 BB4IG TmMOr hErZ&dbl hl(2Y 
 
 hErZ&s 14 (sWlvM&&smI 14 (sW 
 
 h8 
 &wtVskyZbvMhErZ&hrt4Vf8. 
 
 My boat is on the shore, 
 
 My bark is on the sea, 
 But before I go, Tom Moore, 
 
 Here's a double health to thee. 
 
 Here's a sigh for those who love me, 
 And a smile for those who hate, 
 
 And whatever sky is above me, 
 
 Here's a heart for every fate. — Byron. 
 
 In no system of shorthand invented by man could the above extract be written more legibly 
 and in less characters. While no word signs are used that are not authorized by standard pho- 
 nography, it requires but 90 taps in Stenotypy against 220 taps or motions of the hand when 
 written in full. 
 
 /ESOP'S FABLES. 
 
 The Miller, His Son, and Their Ass. 
 
 Amlr&hs sn wr drv, (rAs2&nbr, fAr2slH. Yhd nt gn fr 
 wnYmtW&trpFwmn clktd rnd&wl tlk.&lf,. Ik (r crd&F(m dd 
 UVCs$ f 10s2Btrg, Ing'rdNf t wnYmt rid? 'ldran hr,(s qk-md 
 hs sn mnt'As& "tnd2wlk lng mr-Bhs s@. ; snt-YcmP2&grpF 
 Id mnNrnst db8. (r sd&T ;vs wtlWC, . wt rspktZ)n2 
 ldGN(sDs? DUCTldl Id rd,wl hs Id f(r hs2wlk? gt dwnU 
 yng skpgr9&l t'ld mn rst hs w31ms. P(s'ld mn m8hs sn dsmt 
 &gtPH6. N(s mnrYhd nt ; cdd fr wnYmt& "pnyFwmn&$ldrn. 
 
 21
 
 wIU19y01d flOcrd svrl tngsT&c hw cnUr@P'bst wITpr ltl 
 Id (rKhr-kp p9B's@FU? 'gdn8rd mlr md8-tkPhs snBhndH. 
 Yhd nwLmst r$d'twn. ;hnst frnd sd&ctznZTAsUrOn? ys sd 
 'Id mn O&wld ntH(tSsd'(rB'wAUldH. wlU2f 10sRbtr72c3'pr 
 bst (nHU. &(, 2plsUsd'ld mnWcnB3. Sail t, Whs snYtld'lgsF' 
 As2g(r&B'hlpF&plNdvrd2c3HN(r )ldrsV&brg nr'ntrnsF'twn. 
 (s 3tn, S^br«" , PNcrds2lfTT. 'As nt lk.'nois nr'strng&l, 
 THW%jkt2brk'crdsTbndH&tml,F'pl flN2'wtr. P(s'ld mn vxd 
 &)md m@'bstFhs wAOm gn "vncdTBNdvr , 2plsVbdyHhd plsd 
 Kbdy&lst hsAsN2'brgn. 
 
 A miller and his son were driving their Ass to a neighboring fair to sell him. They 
 had not gone far when they met with a troop of women, collected round a well, talk- 
 ing and laughing. " Look there," cried one of them, " did you ever see such fellows, to 
 he trudging along the road on foot, when they might ride?" The old man hearing this 
 quicklv made his son mount the Ass, and continued to walk along merrily by his side. 
 Presentlv they came up to a group of old men in earnest debate. "There," said one of 
 them, "it proves what I was saying What respect is shown to old age in these days? 
 Do you see that idle lad riding, while his old father has to walk? Get down, you 
 young scapegrace, and let the old man rest his weary limbs." Upon this the old man 
 made his son dismount, and got up himself. In this manner they had not proceeded 
 far when they met a company of women and children : " Why, you lazy old fellow," 
 cried several tongues at once, " how can you ride upon the beast, while that poor little 
 lad there can hardly keep pace by the side of you?" The good-natured miller immedi- 
 ately took up his son behind him. They had now almost reached the town. 
 
 " Pray, honest friend," said a citizen, " Is that Ass your own? " " Yes," says the 
 old man. " O, one would not have thought so," said the other, " by the way you load 
 him. Whs. you two fellows are better able to carry the poor beast than he you." 
 •■ Anything to please you," said the old man ; " we can but try." So, alighting with 
 his son, they tied the legs of the Ass together, and by the help of a pole endeavored to 
 carry him on their shoulders over a bridge near the entrance of the town. This enter- 
 taining sight brought the people in crowds to laugh at it. The Ass, not liking the 
 ■ i the Btrange handling that he was subject to, broke the cords that bound him, 
 and, tumbling off the pole, fell into the water. Upon this, the old man, vexed and 
 ashamed, made the best of his way home again, convinced that by endeavoring to please 
 everybody he had pleased nobody, and lost his Ass into the bargain.
 
 The Father and His Sons. 
 
 Af(r hd&fm-FsnsWwr prpt-qr 1 , mng(m6s. wnHfld2hl (r 
 dsp@sBhs xrt.6sHdtrmnd2g5(m&pr c tkl Is tr6F'vlsFdsn6&4 (s 
 prpsH&Dtld (m2br, H&bndlFstks. wnYhd dnSHpl9d'f gtN2'h&sF 
 $F(m&rdrd (m2brk TNpcs . Y$trdWL(r strn(&wr nt72DT. Hnxt 
 unclsd'f gt&tk'stks spr8-&B&&gn pt (mN2(r h&sNw Ybrk (m 
 Es-. H(n drsd (mN(s wrds. MsnsFURF&mnd&Un&2ss t$o(r UL 
 BZ(s fgtBFURdvdd mngUr6sULBbrknZEs-Z(s stks. 
 
 A father had a family of sons who were perpetually quarreling among themselves. 
 When he failed to heal their disputes by his exhortations, he determined to give them a 
 practical illustration of the evils of disunion ; and for this purpose he one day told them 
 to bring him a bundle of sticks. When they had done so, he placed the faggot into the 
 hands of each of them in succession, and ordered them to break it in pieces. They 
 each tried with all their strength, and were not able to do it. He next unclosed the 
 faggot, and took the sticks separately, one by one, and again put them into their hands, 
 on which they broke them easily. He then addressed them in these words: "My 
 sons, if you are of one mind, and unite to assist each other, you will be as this faggot, 
 uninjured by all the attempts of your enemies ; but if you are divided among yourselves, 
 you will be broken as easily as these sticks." 
 
 The Dog in the Manger. 
 
 Adg lAN&mngr&Bhs grwl, &snp, ; v^d'xn frmEt, 'hAw$ hd bn 
 pl9d-4(m. wt&6) dg sd&F(m2hs "pnSsHcntEt'hAHe&y t rfss2lw 
 (sWK. 
 
 A Dog lay in a manger, and by his growling and snapping prevented the oxen from 
 eating the hay which had been placed for them. " What a selfish Dog ! " said one of 
 them to his companions ; " he cannot eat the hay himself, and yet refuses to allow those 
 to eat who can." 
 
 The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing. 
 
 &sP&tIm&wlf rslvd2dsg9hs n8rBhs hbtTSHmt gt fdWTst 
 NcsdN'sknF&)p HpstrdW'flkBgl, ')prdBhs rtf9. NVn,HW)tP 
 
 33
 
 B*)prdN*fUrg8Wclsd&'ntrns m8(r-skr. ' )prd cm, N2'fld dr, 'nt2 
 ; v^fcU , mrOcautP , wlfNstdF&)p&kldHWhs nfN'fld. hrm sEk hrm fnd. 
 
 Once upon a time a Wolf resolved to disguise his nature by his habit, that so he 
 might get food without stint. Encased in the skin of a sheep, he pastured with the 
 Bock, beguiling the shepherd by his artifice. In the evening he was shut up by the 
 shepherd in the fold ; the gate was closed, and the entrance made thoroughly secure. 
 The shepherd coming into the fold during the night to provide food for the morrow, 
 caught up the Wolf, instead of a sheep, and killed him with his knife in the fold. 
 
 Harm seek, harm find. 
 
 The Lion in Love. 
 
 AliNdm&d'dtrF&wdctrNmrG. 'f(r nL,2gr^&yt frd2rfshs 
 rqst htP(s xpd^2rdH8Fhs mprtnts. Hxprsd hsL, j2 c ptHZ' 
 sUtrFhs dtrN&"d6TH)d lwH2xtrkt hs t(&ctFhs clwsZhs 
 dtrWfr f-frdFb(. '1 iN$r f-s^d2'; ps 1 wn hvrHnxt rptd hs 
 rqs t'wdmnKlngr frd s tPHWhs clb&drvHwAN2'4s t. 
 
 A Lion demanded the daughter of a wood-cutter in marriage. The father, unwil- 
 ling to grant, and vet afraid to refuse his request, hit upon this expedient to rid himself 
 of his importunities, lie expressed his willingness to accept him as the suitor of his 
 daughter on one condition ; that he should allow him to extract his teeth, and cut off his 
 claws, as his daughter was fearfully afraid of both. The Lion cheerfully assented to the 
 proposal ; when, however, he next repeated his request, the woodman, no longer afraid, 
 
 .pou him with his club, and drove him away into the forest. 
 
 The Ass and the flule. 
 
 AmltEr st4( N&jrny drv, B4H&As&&mUl b( wl ldn. 'As 
 ZlngZHtrvld lng'pln crd hs ldWEZBwnHbgn2s c> tp p(F'mntn 
 Hfli hs ld2Bmr (nHcd br. Hntrtd hs"pn62r lvHF&sml pr6 
 THmt cSOm'rstBmUl pdKtn62 , rqst. 'As )rt-/_sfl dwn ddNhs 
 brdn. mltErntK.wt els 2DNSwld&rg6pl9dP'mU l'ld crdB'AsN 
 
 24
 
 d62hsOnttT , tpFLpl9d , hdF'As/Hhd flAdH. mill grOn, bn( hs 
 hvy brdn sd (s2H6. IMtrtd crd,2Mdsrts. FlhdN-BnL, 2ss t 
 'As&ltlNhs nEdI)d nt nwBbr, tg(rWhs brdnH6Zwl. 
 
 A muleteer set forth on ;i journey, driving before him an Ass and a Mule, both 
 well-laden. The Ass, as long as he traveled along the plain, carried his load with ease ; 
 but when he began to ascend the steep path of the mountain, he felt his load to be more 
 than he could bear. He entreated his companion to relieve him of a small portion, 
 that he might carry home the rest ; but the Mule paid no attention to the request. The 
 Ass shortly afterwards fell down dead under his burden. The muleteer, not knowing 
 what else to do in so wild a region, placed upon the Mule the load carried by the Ass 
 in addition to his own, and at the top of all placed the hide of the Ass, after he had 
 flayed him. The Mule, groaning beneath his heavy burden, said thus to himself: " I 
 am treated according to my deserts. If I had only been willing to assist the Ass a little 
 in his need, I should not now be bearing together with his burden, himself as well." 
 
 The Fox Who Had Lost His Tail. 
 
 Afx cautN&trp scpdW'lsFhs br(. hns4( fl, 15&brdn frm 
 >i&rdkl2w$HWxpsdHskEmd2br, L'(r fxsN2&l/ "d6WH6TN'"n 
 lsHmt'btr^sl hs On dpr56. Hsmbld&gd mny fxs&pblk-dvsd 
 (m2ct (r tlsC, TYwd ntN-lk m$ bt,rWT(mBTYwd gt rdF'wtF'br( 
 w$W&Vgr8 7vnEns. &F(m 3rpi,HsdFUhd ntUr61stUr t.lMfr^ 
 Uwd nt (s cnslZ. 
 
 A Fox caught in a trap, escaped with the loss of his " brush." Henceforth feel- 
 ing his life a burden from the shame and ridicule to which he was exposed, he schemed 
 to bring all the other Foxes into a like condition with himself, that in the common loss 
 he might the better conceal his own deprivation. He assembled a good many Foxes, 
 and publicly advised them to cut off their tails, saying, " that thev would not only look 
 much better without them, but that they would get rid of the weight of the brush, 
 which was a very great inconvenience " One of them interrupting him said : " If you 
 had not yourself lost your tail, my friend, you would not thus counsel us." 
 
 The Widow and the Sheep. 
 
 Acrtn pr wdOhd&s 1 t3)p. T)r , tm w) , 2t / hs flEs&2vd 
 xpnsS)rdHhr6BUsd , )rsSnskl5-TW'flsS)r(rfl). ')p wr(,Wpn sd
 
 wIDUhrtMSmstrs? wt wAt KMbld ad2'wl? FUw^Mfl) (rZ'b$rWL 
 klMN&tr9BFUw^Mfls&wl (rZ')rrWL)r&nt hrtM. 
 "lEs tTlAZntLws'gr8st gn. 
 
 A certain poor widow had one solitary Sheep. At shearing time, wishing to take 
 his fleece, and to avoid expense, she sheared him herself, but used the shears so unskill 
 fully, that with the fleece she sheared the flesh. The Sheep, writhing with pain, said : 
 " Why do you hurt me so, mistress? What weight can my blood add to the wool? If 
 vou want my flesh, there is the butcher, who will kill me in a trice ; but if you want my 
 fleece and wool, there is the shearer, who will shear and not hurt me." 
 
 The least outlay is not always the greatest gain. 
 
 The Wild Boar and the Fox. 
 
 Awld bOr stdN&trE&rbd hs tsks gnst'trnk. &fx ps,B 
 skdHwTH(s )rpnd hs t( wn (rWKdngr (rtn, frm (r hntsmnR 
 hnd. HrpldIDTdvsd-4Twd nvrD2FT2)rpnMwpns jstT'tml0t2B 
 Us, (m. 2Bwl; prd4wrZ'bs t grntEFpEs. 
 
 A wild Hoar stood under a tree, and rubbed his tusks against the trunk. A Fox 
 passing by, asked him why he thus sharpened his teeth when there was no danger 
 threatening from either huntsman or hound. He replied: " I do it advisedly; for it 
 would never do to have to sharpen my weapons just at the time I ought to be using 
 them." 
 
 1 o be well prepared for war is the best guarantee of peace. 
 
 The Ass Carrying the Image. 
 
 &as&c crd (rU* strtsF&c8&fms wdn mG2Bpl9dN&FTs tm 
 pis. 'crwdZHpsd lng m8 lw- ; s tr6B4'mG. 'as (nk , TYbwd (r 
 h<lsNtknFrspkt4lI0brsl(lPWprd&gvII6Ars&rfsd2mv n(r stp. ' 
 drvrC,H(s stp Id hs whp lst-bt hs ) ldrs&sdOUprvrs dl hd 
 TZnt yt cm2(sTmn pAwrJ2&as. 
 
 YRnt wIsWt/2(m6s'crdt dU2(rs. 
 
 ■^" "•« '"" '' carried through the streets of a city a famous wooden image, to be 
 l ,l;ur ' 1 '" " l,c "' »t« Temples. The crowd as he passed along made lowly prostration 
 
 36
 
 before the image. The Ass, thinking that they bowed their heads in token of respect 
 for himself, bristled up with pride and gave himself airs, and refused to move another 
 step. The driver seeing him thus stop, laid his whip lustily about his shoulders, and 
 sa id : kk O you perverse dull-head ! it is not yet come to this, that men pay worship to an 
 Ass." 
 
 They are not wise who take to themselves the credit due to others. 
 
 The Ass and His Masters. 
 
 &asBlng,2&hrbslrWgvH2ltl fd&2m$ wrk m8&pt62 JptrT 
 Hwd rlsHfrm.hs; snt srv9&; vdllW&(r mstr. Jptr/wrn,HTH 
 wd rp^hs rqst cAsdH2Bs ld2&tl lmkr. )rt-/_s fnd, THhd hvr 
 10ds2c3&hrdr wrkN'brk f ldHpt6d4n(r ms tr. Jptr tl,HTT)dB' 
 1st tlmTHcd grehs rqst rdndTH)dBsld2&tnr. 'as fnd, THhd 
 flnN2wrs&s&n0t, hs ms trs ocpGsd grOn, TwdHBn bti4M2HBn 
 strvdB'&R2HBnVwrkdB , (rFM4mr mstrs (n2HBn bOtBM; s<j>OnrWL 
 Evn/IMdd tnMhId&m/MUs-2H. 
 
 An Ass belonging to an herb-seller, who gave him too little food and too much 
 work, made a petition to Jupiter that he would release him from his present service, 
 and provide him with another master. Jupiter, after warning him that he would repent 
 his request, caused him to be sold to a tile-maker. Shortly afterwards, finding that he 
 had heavier loads to carry, and harder work in the brick-field, he petitioned for another 
 master. Jupiter, telling him that it should be the last time that he could grant 
 his request, ordained that he should be sold to a tanner. The Ass finding that 
 he had fallen into worse hands, and noting his master's occupation, said, groaning: 
 44 It would have been better for me to have been either starved by the one, or to have 
 been over-worked by the other of my former masters, than to have been bought by my 
 present owner, who will even after I am dead tan my hide, and make me useful 
 to him." 
 
 The Brother and the Sister. 
 
 Af(r hd&sn&&dtr'4mr rmrkd74hs gd lks'ltHhr x uglJ. wj 
 Ywr pi, &DZ$ldrnYhpndB$ns2lkN2&mrrTWpl9dN(r m(rs $r. 'boy 
 "grtlSdIIGNhs gd lks'grl grw&gry&cd nt brV>p r ssFhr br(r 3 
 
 -7
 
 prt, LHsd&hw cdSD(rws?N2rf lx6Nhr6. SrnF 2hrf( r2BrvngdN 
 hr trnNhr br( r&sp@5- cUsdHFH, Z&by m8UsFTw$n-blngs2grls. 
 'f(r mbr9d (m b(&bstw,hs kss&ik6m_VN$sdIw)Ub( VD2lkN2 , mrr 
 UMsnTUMat splUr bU tyBEvl«d c t&UMdtr TUMm/P4Ui\veFbty B 
 Ur vrts. 
 
 A father had one son and one daughter ; the former remarkable for his good looks, 
 the latter for her extraordinary ugliness. While they were playing one day as children 
 they happened by chance to look together into a mirror that was placed on their 
 mother's chair. The bov congratulated himself on his good looks; the girl grew angry, 
 and could not bear the self-praises of her brother; interpreting all he said (and how 
 could she do otherwise?) into reflection on herself. She ran off to her father, to be 
 avenged in her turn on her brother, and spitefully accused him of having, as a boy, 
 made use of that which belonged only to girls. The father embraced them both, and 
 bestowing his kisses and affection impartially on each, said : " I wish you both every 
 day to look into the mirror; you, my son, that you may not spoil your beauty by evil 
 conduct ; and vou, my daughter, that you may make up for your want of beauty by 
 your virtues. ' 
 
 STORY OF THE ALPS. 
 
 (rZ&t$, st3t01dN'tmpl mgzEnB Rev. R. H. ConwelF&vst 
 2'hsptlF St. Brnrd wrRkpt'wndr5 St. Brnrd dgsFWs wrkF 
 rskU, trvlrsVt/ nB 1 Alpln s trmsSmny tAlsRfmlr2L. &mrn, / 
 & 3 tOrm sys d Cnwell &F(s gr8hnst crEtrs.cAm strgl,(rU' 
 snOhmprd gr8-Nhs xhs td"d6B'mntr br lFbr&y Thng2hs clr. I 
 wAdd dEpN'drfts f lw, 'f lndr , 01 f 10rnd'hsp92 , knl w$W&rUmF 
 "Pdr7slz. wn'dOrW0pnd2'w&rr'(r dgsWNs tP&$OrsFbrks&whIns 
 &flV&n(rZYcrwdd btH&Egr- f lwdHrndWwgsF(r tAls&nqs t5 Iks 
 N(rls w$ wr j s tZn t 1 gcqs6 , ZSm&y 30gt6pnts, B'crstfln 
 bEst hid hs hd&tAl^flOr&snEkd bt frm&crnr2n(r&f In-IA 
 dwn pc, NcVdrk njfN'stOn bs7. HlA(rWhsIs gins , TTcrnrsNcS: 
 mst )Am5wA. 'yng mnk cld'wE3dgBnAm&wn'bEs t wld nt lEv 
 hs )d0y rtrt'prEst trd2ndUsH2"4(B)0, H&d)"tn, fikrpsFmEt. 
 Bhng3ZHWHmr-0pnd hsls&ltl wldr rpd'f 10r&cR291 1 t-ZHgvc\: 
 
 8
 
 fEbl wAg2hs tAl&(n )rnk bk&sEmd nt2hEr'n@A6. mpjqkEpr 
 trnd wAW&ngry gs tr&sdT'dg wd gtVhs slks sUri&T'crE tr ; b7- 
 flt )AmdTHhd nt fnd&y&. , ( t_rmrk j tN2Ms01W&(rl. TnObl 
 01 f 10sEmd2Hf 1 tSbdS)AmdRSgl tyBcausHhd rtrndWTsAv, &y&TH 
 cd ntEt. TWnt hs iAItTKBnltd w&rr hdBnTBnmd&dy , N'mntn 
 rOdTA5nIt. Hhd gr&-dn hs dUtyBHWjst dg nu f nt2rsnSfr& 
 jstUm&nuf2fElTTWhs mpr85dUty2sAv sm&. gr&Ol f 10. hwH 
 Aut2pt2)Amm&y&Umn sOlWKs (rRtrvlrsG, dwnN'bl t, cOld&'Vwlm, 
 strmsFl5s mntn: hlwAs&y tWnvr sAvd Evn&sf 
 
 There is a touching story told in the Temple Magazine, by Rev. Dr. R. H. Conwell, 
 of a visit to the hospital of St. Bernard, where are kept the wonderful St. Bernard dogs, 
 of whose work of rescuing perishing travelers overtaken by the Alpine storms so many 
 tales are familar to all. " One morning after a storm," says Dr. Conwell, " one of 
 those great, honest creatures came struggling through the snow, hampered greatly in 
 his exhausted condition by the miniature barrel of brandy that hung to his collar. I 
 waded deep in the drifts following the floundering old fellow around the hospice to the 
 kennel, which was a room of considerable size. When the door was opened to the 
 wanderer, the other dogs within set up a chorus of barks and whines, and fell over one 
 another as they crowded about him, and eagerly followed him around with wags of 
 their tails and inquisitive looks in their eyes, which were just as intelligent questionings 
 as so many interrogation points. But the crestfallen beast held his head and tail to the 
 lloor, and sneaked about from one corner to the other, and finally lay down panting in a 
 dark niche in the stone basement. He lay there, with his eyes glancing out at the 
 corners, in a most shamefaced way. The young monk called the weary dog by name, 
 and when the beast would not leave his shadowy retreat, the priest tried to induce him 
 to come forth by showing him a dish containing scraps of meat. But, hungry as he was. 
 he merely opened his eyes a little wider, rapped the floor once or twice lightly, as he 
 gave a feeble wag to his tail, and then shrank back and seemed not to hear the invita- 
 tion. The impatient keeper turned away with an angry gesture, and said that the dog 
 would ' get over his sulks very soon.' and that the creature probably felt ashamed that 
 he ' had not found any one.' 
 
 " The thoughtless remark shot into my deepest soul with a thrill. That noble old 
 fellow seemed to have felt so bad, so ashamed or so guilty because he had returned 
 without saving any one that he could not eat. It was not his fault that no benighted 
 wanderer had been out benumbed and dying on the mountain road that awful night. He 
 hail grandly done his duty; but he was just dog enough not to reason so far, and just 
 
 29
 
 human enough to feel that it was his imperative duty to save some one. Grand old 
 fellow ! How he ought to put to shame many a human soul who knows there are travel- 
 ers going down in the biting cold and the overwhelming storms of life's mountainous 
 highways, and vet who never saved even one such ! " — The Observer. 
 
 Declaration of Independence. 
 
 wnN'cOrsFUmn v^sTBcms nss34&P2ds lv'pl tcl b^s w$H"ctd 
 (mWN(r&2sUm mngpwrsF'r ('spr8&Eql s t(32w$'lwsFn8r&n8rsG 
 nt@l (m&dsqrspct2'pnn6sFrnnknd rqrsTY)d dclr'cAss w$ mpl 
 (m2'stl6. 
 
 WO Id (s tr(s2B6vd^. TLmnRcrSdEql. TYRndwclB(r cr8rW 
 crtn nAln7r^sTmng (sR151br ty&'prs tFhpJ. T2s cUr (s r@s 
 gvr7sRnst@d mng mn drv, (r jst pwrs f rm 1k ' , s^F , gvrndTwnvr 
 &y4mFgvr7.Bcms dstrct5F(s ndsTZ'r@F'P2LtrRbl)T&2ris? tt<§ & 
 aUgvrn71A, Ts fnd()Ns$ prnspls&r gnz , Ts pwrsNs$4mZ2(mSsm 
 mst 1 -2fkt (r sfty&hpJ. ; d(f-s nddLd c t8Tgvr7 lng stbl)d 
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 2sfr wll Evl6RsfT7(n2r@(m6sBbl), Mms2w$YRcs tmd. _ Bwn&lng 
 trnFbUss&srpA6s prs,Nvr7-'sm bjkt vncs&ds l2rdU &s (mN 
 bsl@dsptsmTZ(r r@TZ(r dty2(rOFs$ gvr7&2; vd nUgrds4(r ftr 
 scr8. s$ hsBn'p)cs frnsF(s clns&s$Znw , nss8w$"s trns (m2 
 Ltr (r 4mr sstmsFgvrn7. 'hs t3F; s^k , Fgr8 BrtnZ&hst3Frptd 
 njrs&UsrpOsLH, Ndrct bjk t'stbl)7F«fcbsl@tyrnyV(s st8s. 2; v 
 (-It fctsB %mtd2&cndd o . 
 
 Hhs rfUsd hs S(J52lw8 , mstOlsm&nss34'pblc gd. 
 
 Hhslbrln h« gvrnrs2ps lwsFmdS&prs, mprt&s n-ssp(j>ddN(r 
 pr6tl hs sc)dBbtnd. &wnSssp(j)ddHh8 tr-nglctd2tnd2(m. Hhs 
 pfUsd2ps (r Lws4' 6d6Flrg dstrctsFPn-(sPwd rlnq) 'r@Frprs(j>t6N 
 'lgeurr&r(3 ns ui72(m&4md72tyr<JMS n-. 
 
 Hhs cld2g)r lgsl85bdsTpl9s nU)l n' k 47ctdst(!•^^mVpst3F , 
 rcrds4's01 prpsFftg, (mWhs rri)rs. 
 
 3°
 
 pwrs. 
 
 H 
 
 sl3s, 
 
 sbs 
 
 Hhs dslvd rprs^85hss rptd-4ps , Wmn- f r Jhs nvs6N'r@sF , P. 
 
 Hhs rfsd4&lng tm/ s$ dsl62cA.s (rs2Blctd wrB'lgs 185pwrs 
 ncp7Fnhl6Hrtrnd2'PTlrg4(r xrcs's t8rmn, N'mntm xpsd2L'dngrs 
 FnvsGfrmWT&'^vlsCs frmWN. 
 
 Hhs ndvrd2; vVpplOF(s st8s4Tprps bs tret, 'lwsFntr lz6F 
 4nrs rfs,2ps (rs2ncrG(r mgr6h(r&rs , '^d6sFnUprpr6sFl&s. 
 
 Hhs .bs trctd'dmnstr86Fjst9Br fs, hs s^21ws4s tbl), jdc3 
 
 Hhs m8jdgs dp^d^NhsLl 0n4'tnr F(r f cs&'mnt&pA7F(r 
 
 Hhs rctd&mlt8FnUfcsifcsch(r swrmsFf crs2hrsRP&EtT (r 
 
 t&s. 
 
 Hhs kpt mngZNtmsFpEs s t&, rmsWT'^s(j:FRlgs 18rs. 
 
 Hhs fk td2rndr'ml tSndpnd^F&sprr 2'cvl pwr. 
 
 Hhs lt bndW(rs2 %jk tZ2&j rsdk64n2R"s t@t6&ncnlGdBRlws 
 gv,hs sc|'2(ritndd ctsFlgslG. 
 
 4qrtr, lrg bds Frmd trps mngZ. 
 
 4; tct, (mB&mck trl frm pn)74&y mrdrs w$Y)d^tN'nhbt^s 
 F(s st8s. 
 
 4ct,FRtrdWL_sF' o . 
 
 4mps, txsNZWTR u s^. 
 
 4dprv, ZNm&y cssF'bnf tsFtr lBj ry. 
 
 4 5prt, Zbynd'Cs2Btrd4; tndd fnss. 
 
 4bl), 'frEsstmF Engl) lwsN&nbr , ; vns stbl) , (rN&rbtr3 
 gvrn7&nlrg, Ts bnd3sSZ2rndr TT&c&xmpl&f t ns tr74ntrds , ' 
 sm bsl@rlN2(s clns. 
 
 4tk,wAR$rtrs bl),Rmst vl71ws&Ltr , f nd7-'4msFRgvrn7. 
 
 4sspnd, ROn lgsl8rs&dclr , (m6nvstdWpwr2lgs l84ZNLcss 
 
 r. 
 
 Hhs bdcSd gvrn7hrBdclr , ZTFhs ; tk6&wg, wr gnstZ. 
 
 Hhs plndrdRCs rvGdRcsts brntRtwns&dstrd'15sFRP. 
 
 HZT(s tm 5prt, lrg rmEsF4n mrcn3s2"plt'wrksFd( dsl6<& 
 
 wtvr. 
 
 3 1
 
 tyrnyLrdyBgnW o Fcr 1 ty&prfdy scrc-pr HdN'mst brbr:Gs& 
 -nwr(y , hdF&"cvl9d n(3. 
 
 Hhs*'strndRf lOctzns t/n cpt5N'hICs2br rms gns t (r 
 cn32Bcm'xct8rsF(r fr^s&br (rnR2f 1 (m6sB(r h&s. 
 
 Hhs x@d dmstc nsrx6s mngZ&hs ndvrd2br , N'rinbt^FR 
 frntrsWc- Indn svGsWsnOn r lFwrfrZ&ndstng)d dstrc6FLGs 
 sxstfc"d.6s . 
 
 NVstGF(sOprs6sWHptGd4rdrsN'mst mbl trmsRrptd ptBsHbn 
 nsrd n-Brptd njry. AprncWs c Z(s mrkBVct w$Mdf n&tyr(|'Z 
 nft2B'rlrF&frEP. 
 
 nrHWBnwe, Ntn62R Brt) br(rn. WHwrnd (m frm tm2tmF 
 tmptsB(r lgsl8r2xte&nwre-7jrsdkGVZ. WHrmndd (mF' os FR 
 mgr6&stl7hr. WHpld2(r n85jst9& 4nm8&WH"j Urd (mB'tlsFR 
 "n kndrd2dsvw (s Uspr6s w$ wd nv t7-ntrptR"x6s&"spnd^s. Y 
 2HBn (lEf2'voisFjst9& u sngn8. Wmst (r4aqs c N'nss8w$ dnncsR 
 5pr6&hld (mZWhld'rstFmnknd nmEsNwrNpEs fr^s. 
 
 W(r4Yprse85sF'Un@d s t8sF Amr C aNgnrl"#smbld pl,2'sprm 
 jdgF' o rrct8FRnLn6sDN'nm&B'(r8F'gdPF(s clns slm-pbl)& 
 dclrT(s Un@d ClnsR&Fr@Ot2BfrE'&ndpnd^s t8s. TYRbslvd 
 frmLlgr^ Brt) crwn&TLpl tk l u x6Btwn (m&' St8F Gr8 BrtnZ 
 &Ot2Bt@-dslyd&TZfrE«&ndpnd(}jst8sYH5pwr2lvy wr u cld pEs 
 "tret lines stbl)"rs&DL(r cts&(,w$ ndpnd^s t8sMFr@D. & 
 L'sprtF(s dclrOW&frm rlnsN';tk6FDvn;vdnsWmU t-pldg2$(rR15 
 -R 1 tnp&R8crd hnr. 
 
 \\ hen in the course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dis- 
 solve the political hands which have connected them with another, and to assume, 
 among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of 
 nature and Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind 
 requires thai they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. 
 
 We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that 
 
 they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these 
 
 life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, govern- 
 
 ments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the 
 
 erned ; thai whenever an) form of government becomes destructive of these ends, 
 
 3 2
 
 it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new govern- 
 ment, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form 
 as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, 
 indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light 
 and transient causes ; and, accordingly, all experience hath shown that mankind are 
 more disposed to suffer., while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves, by abol- 
 ishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and 
 usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under 
 absolute despotism, it is their right, their duty, to throw off* such government, and to 
 provide new guards for their future security. Such has been the patient sufferance ot 
 these colonies, and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their 
 former systems of government. The history of the present king of Great Britain is a 
 history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment 
 of an absolute tyranny over these States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a 
 candid world : 
 
 He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary for the public 
 •good. 
 
 He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, 
 unless suspended in their operation till his assent should be obtained ; and when so 
 suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them. He has refused to pass other 
 laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless these people would 
 relinquish the right of representation in the legislature — a right inestimable to them , 
 and formidable to tyrants only. 
 
 He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and 
 distant from the repository of the public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them 
 into complying with his measures. 
 
 He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly for opposing, with manly firm- 
 ness, his invasions on the rights of the people. 
 
 He has refused for a long time after such dissolution, to cause others to be elected ; 
 whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people 
 at large for their exercise, the state remaining, in the meantime, exposed to all the 
 dangers of invasion from without and convulsions from within. 
 
 He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States : for that purpose 
 obstructing the laws of naturalization of foreigners ; refusing to pass others to encour- 
 age their migration hither, and raising the conditions of new appropriations of lands. 
 
 He has obstructed the administration of justice by refusing his assent to laws for 
 establishing judiciary powers. 
 
 He has made judges dependent on his will alone for the tenure of their offices and 
 the amount and payment of their salaries. 
 
 33
 
 He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of officers to 
 harass our people and eat out their substance. 
 
 He has kept among us in times of peace, standing armies, without the consent of 
 our legislatures. 
 
 He has effected to render the military independent of, and superior to, the civil 
 
 power. 
 
 He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our Consti- 
 tution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his assent to their pretended acts of 
 legislation : 
 
 For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us : 
 
 For protecting them by a mock trial from punishment for any murders which they 
 should commit on the inhabitants of these States : 
 
 For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world : 
 
 For imposing taxes on us without our consent : 
 
 For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury : 
 
 For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended offenses : 
 
 For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neighboring province, estab- 
 lishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render 
 it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into 
 these colonies : 
 
 For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and altering, 
 fundamentally, the forms of our government : 
 
 For suspending our own legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with 
 power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever : 
 
 He has abdicated government here by declaring us out of his protection, and 
 waging war against us : 
 
 He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, .and destroyed 
 the lives of our people : 
 
 He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to complete 
 the works of death, desolation and tyranny already begun, with circumstances of cruelty 
 and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the 
 head of a civilized nation : 
 
 He haa constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the high seas, to bear 
 
 arms againsl their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or 
 
 I ill themselves by their hands : 
 
 II I i exi ited domestic insurrections among us, and has endeavored to bring on 
 
 the inhabitants of (Mir frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of war- 
 
 fare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions. 
 
 In ever i these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in the most 
 
 34
 
 humble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A 
 prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant is unfit 
 to be the ruler of a free people. 
 
 Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned 
 them, from time to time, of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable 
 jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration 
 and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and 
 we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpa- 
 tions, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They, 
 too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and consanguinity. We must, therefore, 
 acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold 
 the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace, friends. 
 
 We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America, in General 
 Congress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of 
 our intentions, do, in the name and by the authority of the good people of these 
 colonies, solemnly publish and declare, that these United Colonies are, and of right 
 ought to be, free and independent States ; that they are absolved from all allegiance to 
 the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of 
 Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved ; and that, as free and independent 
 states, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish 
 commerce and do all other acts and things which independent states may of right do. 
 And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine 
 Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred 
 honor. 
 
 From " Hamlet."— Act III. 
 
 2BRnt2BTZ'qst6w(rTZnblrN'mnd2sfr'sl, s&r0sFTrG:4 tnR 
 2t/Ams gnst&CFtrbis&BOps, ^(m? 2D2slpKmOr&B&s lp2CWnd' 
 hrt/&'(s&ntrl )ksTf l)ZAr2Z&"smt6dv t-2Bw)d. 2D2slp2slp 
 pr$ns2drEm A(rZ'rb4NTslpFd( wt drmsM"wnWH) f ldF(s mrtl coil 
 mst g5ZpAs. (rZ'rspctTm/s clm8FSlng 15. 4Wwd bAr'whps 
 &scrnsFtIm'Oprsrs rng'prd mns^tUm-'pngsFdspr Izd lv'lws 
 dIA'nslnsFofg&'sprnsTpycmrtF'nwrvEt/ wnHH6mIt hs qIAtus 
 m\W&bAr bdkn? Wwd (s frdls bAr2grnt&swtN&w315BT\irdF 
 sm(, /d( 'ndscvrd cnt3frmWs bOrnKtrvlr rtrns pz ls'L&m/s 
 
 35
 
 "Zr(r bAr (sIlsWH(n f- 2(rsTWKntF? (s"6s ds m/cwrdsFZL&(s 
 'nSShUFrslGZsklEdOrW'pAl cstF(t& 3pr IzsFgr8pt(&m07W(s 
 rgrd (r crcs trn wA&lUs'nAmFctG. 
 
 To be, or not to be, tliat is tbe question : 
 Whether 't is nobler in the mind, to suffer 
 The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, 
 Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, 
 And, by opposing end them ? — To die, — to sleep, — 
 No more ; and, by a sleep, to say we end 
 The heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks 
 That flesh is heir to, — 't is a consummation 
 Devoutly to be wish'd. To die — to sleep ; — 
 To sleep ! perchance to dream ; — ay, there's the rub ; 
 For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, 
 When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, 
 Must give us pause : there 's the respect, 
 That makes calamity of so long life: 
 For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, 
 The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, 
 The pangs of dispriz'd love, the law's delay, 
 The insolence of office, and the spurns 
 That patient merit of the unworthy takes, 
 When he himself might his quietus make 
 With a bare bodkin ? Who would these fardels bear, 
 To grunt and sweat under a weary life ; 
 But that the dread of something after death, 
 The undiscovered country, from whose bourn 
 No traveller returns, puzzles the will ; 
 And makes us rather bear those ills we have, 
 Than lly to others that we know not of ? 
 Thus, conscience does make cowards of us all ; 
 And thus the native hue of resolution 
 Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought ; 
 And enterprises of great pith and moment. 
 
 With this regard, their currents turn away, 
 And lose the name of action. 
 
 ;v<
 
 Form of Will. 
 
 'lstLFM Jn JOnsF'twnF X4dN'cntyF 0kl&&st.8F M$gnB, Fsnd 
 mlndT'tmFm/, &pbl), (sMlstL&tst7. 
 
 Ig5&dv9LMst8rEl&prsnl wr FlMDsEzdRpssd2 JAms BrwnF 
 'sd twnF X4d& Thms GrEnF'sm pl92H&2hld'sm2(m6s (r Ars& 
 asIns4VP'Uss&ti*s ts f lw, nm- 
 
 Ntrst frs t2pALMdts&f nrl xpnss. 
 
 sknd2pA2Mw5 M3Phr s01&spr8rsts'ntrstN"&rvnUFLMsd st8 
 dr, 'trmFhr n8rl 15. 
 
 &(rdP'd c EsFMsd w52"vrtLMsd s t8N2%Fs#&crsSB(t bstBMsAd 
 trstEs&2pA2Mdtr Eln'&(rd_(rFTsm J 2Mbs t2g5hrSlrg&)rNcntF 
 hr n73 2; vdJ:hr6&'rmn, 2(rds2BEq-dvddBtwnMttsns FrdrkStvn 
 Jms&JOn. 
 
 F(rFM$ldrnSB4s$ dvGHdld lv, lw5)Us$ )U2rsv'prtys )rBF(r 
 BK)U(n s$ )r2flN2 ? gnrl fnd2Bdvdd mng'srvvrsNmnrB4drk td. 
 
 &IhrBg52Msd trstEs5pwr&(r82s l&yRLFMrEl st8Tprv8R 
 pblksl&nvst'; cdsRlEs'smZYMdm bs t4'ntrs tFMfm-. 
 
 &FMdtr ElnSntHtnd'GFtwnty&P'dcsFhr m(r IhrBnmn8"s t8 
 &pntMsd trsts grdnsF'prsn&s tSFMsd dtr Eln dr,'rmndrFhr 
 mnr8'%hr2(r f(r-cr&; tk6. 
 
 &IhrB"st8 Jms Brwn& ThmsGrEnMxk trsF(sMlstL&tst7. 
 NwtJwrFlHhrn2stMh&&sl (s (rdDF AprlN'yrl886. 
 
 JonJOns. 
 
 slnd sEld pbl)d&dclrdB JonJ0ns'tst8r bv nmdZ&4hs 1st 
 L&tst7N , i snsFZWNhs; snsThs rqs t&N'; snsF$ (rHhrnlistRnms 
 ZwtJs. 
 
 wtJs N. H. 
 
 wtJs F. S. 
 
 The last will of-mc, John Jones, of-the-town of Oxford, in-the county of Oakland, 
 and State of Michigan, being of sound mind at-the-time of making and publishing this 
 my last will and testament. 
 
 37 
 
 452131
 
 I-give and devise all-mv estate, real and personal, whereof I-may-die seized or 
 possessed, to James Brown, of-the said town of Oxford, and Thomas Green, of-the- 
 same place, to-have and-to-hold the-same to-themselves, their heirs and assigns forever, 
 upon the-uses and trusts following, namely : 
 
 In-trust, first, to-pay all-my debts and funeral expenses. 
 
 Second, to-pay to-my wife, Mary, upon her sole and separate receipts, the-interest, 
 income, and revenue of-all my said estate, during the-term of-her natural life. 
 
 And third, upon the-decease of my said wife, to convert all-my said estate into 
 money, ifsuch-a course shall-be thought best by my said trustees, and to-pay to-my 
 daughter, Ellen, the one-third part thereof, it seeming to-me best to-give her so large a- 
 share on-account-of her inability to provide for herself; and-the remaining two-thirds 
 to-be equally divided between my four sons, Frederick, Stephen, James and John. 
 
 If either of-my children shall, before such division, have died, leaving lawful issue, 
 such issue to-receive the- parent's share, but, if-there-be no issue, then such share to-fall 
 into-the general fund, to-be divided among the-survivors in-the manner before directed. 
 
 And I-hereby give to-my said trustees full power and authority to-sell any or all 
 of-my real estate at private or public sale, and invest the proceeds, or lease the-same, 
 as they-may deem best for-the interest of-my family. 
 
 And if my daughter Ellen shall-not-have attained the age of twenty-one upon-the 
 decease of-her mother, I-hereby nominate, constitute, and appoint my said trustees 
 guardians of-the person and estate of-my said daughter, Ellen, during the-remainder of- 
 her minority, commending her to-thcir fatherly care and protection. 
 
 And I-hereby constitute James Brown and Thomas Green my executors of-this my 
 last will and testament. 
 
 In-witness whereof, I-have hereunto set my hand and seal, this third day of April, 
 in-the year 1SS6. JOHN JONES. 
 
 Signed, sealed, published, and declared by John Jones, the testator above named, 
 as and-for his last will and testament, in-the presence, of us, who, in-his presence, at- 
 his request, and-in-the presence of-each other, have hereunto set-our names as witnesses. 
 
 Witnesses: \. II. 
 F. S. 
 
 Partnership Agreement. 
 
 (s gr7m8(s f f(DFAgs 1 1886BtwnThmsH. Sm(F Chris tn S. C. 
 F'& cV ChrlsT. ClnF'sm pl9FXr_wtJ(. 
 
 'sd._Es grE2ssOC8(m6Z C o _ nrs4&prdF5yrs frm (sd8N'bs jFbI,& 
 
 38
 
 si, hrdwr&s# (r gds<fc kl d8sZblngNTl I nFtrd'nm&st I lF'frm2B 
 Sm(&Culn. 
 
 4'prpsF u dct, 'bsjF'bv nmd_nrJ ThmsH. Sm( hsT'd8F(s r@, 
 nvstd5000$ Zcptl stk&'sd ChrlsT.Culn hs pdN'l/ smF/>000$ b( 
 Fw$ mntsR2Bxp<jjd&UsdN"n4'mtl dvntGF'_s hr2N'mnG7F(r bsJ. 
 
 TZhrBLSgrEdBb(_Es hr2TYLnt wl ss8dZ C o_nrs flO&y 
 vk<)Rtrd2(r0n prv8dvntGBL(rT'ntr prdFco nrJpt4( (r tms t&bst 
 f4ts4(r mtl dvntG&'ncrsF'cptl stk. 
 
 T'dtlsF'bsJMB(r-NstdB$TZgrdTdr, '4sd prd c r8&5bk cntsS 
 Bkpt wrN$_nrSrcrdRcaus2Bntrd&rcrdd5mnGFL %rsvd&xpcdZ 
 wlZVrtcl pr$sd&sld blng, 2RN&ywIs prtn, 2s$_nrJ'gns; f ts 
 xpcdtrs&lssB, Eq-dv@dBtwn (m. TZfr(r grdT&cVyrRf nr )d 
 (r_y dsr&5jst&cr8xbtSBm82$(rR2(r xctrsRdmnst8rsRrps^85s 
 F'lss rsEts;f ts&ncrs m8BrsnFRrs, frm s$ co_nrJ- &/s$ xbt 
 ZmS'srpls; ftFs$ (rBrsl t, f rm'bz JSBdv@dBtwn'sbscrb, _s )r& 
 )pl/. 
 
 E(r_y hr2sBlwd2drw&6m nt xd, (500$pr anum frm'cptl 
 stkF'frmNmn(-nstl7sF50$$w$ mntMBncrsdBsbsqegr7. 
 
 &fr(r )d (r_y dsrR)d d(F(r_sR(r rsns m/Tnss3Y'sd co_nrs 
 L$2'(rRNcAsFd(F(r'srvv, _y2xk trsRdmnstr8rsF'_y dcsd m/ &5 
 cr8&fnl cntF'"d6F'_nrJZ/sd&Lfr-&cr8-ajst^m. &LSPtk, & 
 nvc3Fsd c ptl stkWncrs&;ft (rNw$SprRZfnd2Brmn, Ls$ rmndrSB 
 Eq-pr)6d&dv@dBtwn (m'sd co_nrs (r xctrsRdmmstr8rs )r&)rl/. 
 
 TZLSgrdTNcsF&msNst&, rs, W'_nrs hr2w$ c^BstldBtwn (m6s 
 s$ dfrnsFpnGsBsLldBrbi86P , f lw, "d6s2wt$_y2$Us&rbt8r w$2(s 
 1 c tdS$Us& (rd'3 (s $sn2d trmn'mrtsF'cs&rn g'bs i sF&s 1 1 7. 
 
 NwtJwrF'Nsnd hr2st <r h&s'D&yr frst bv r@n. 
 
 ThmsH. Sm(. 
 Chs. T. Culn. 
 slndN'jsnsF 
 
 D. L. Si Irs. 
 
 E. A. Kendy. 
 
 39
 
 This agreement, made this fifth day of August, 1SS6, between Thomas H. Smith, 
 of Charleston, S. C, of-the one part, and Charles T. Cullen, of-the-same place, of-the 
 other part, witnesseth : 
 
 The-said parties agree to-associate themselves as copartners, for-a period of five 
 years from-this date, in-the business of buying and selling hardware and-such other 
 goods and commodities as belong in-that line of trade ; the-name and style of-the firm 
 to-be Smith & Cullen. 
 
 For-the purpose of conducting the-business of-the above named partnership, 
 Thomas H. Smith, has, at-the-date of-this writing, invested Five Thousand Dollars as 
 capital stock, and-the said Charles T. Cullen has paid in the-like sum of Five Thousand 
 Dollars, both of- which amounts are to-be expended and used in common for-the mutual 
 advantage of-the parties hereto in-the management of-their business. 
 
 It-is hereby also agreed by both parties hereto, that-they-will-not, while associated 
 as copartners, follow any avocation or trade to-their-own private advantage, but-will, 
 throughout the-entire period of-copartnership, put-forth-their utmost and-best efforts 
 for-their mutual advantage and-the increase of-the capital stock. 
 
 That-the details of-the business may-be thoroughly understood by each, it-is agreed 
 that, during the aforesaid period, accurate and-full book accounts shall-be kept, where- 
 in each partner shall record, or caused to-be entered and recorded, full mention of-all 
 money received and expended, as-well as every article purchased and sold belonging to, 
 or in anywise appertaining to-such partnership ; the-gains, profits, expenditures and 
 losses being equally divided between them. It is further agreed that once every year, or 
 oftener, should either party desire, a-full, just and accurate exhibit shall-be made to- 
 each other, or to their executors, administrators or representatives, of-the loses, receipts, 
 profits and increase made by reason of, or arising from, such copartnership. And, after 
 such exhibit is made, the surplus profit, if, such there-be, resulting from-the business, 
 shall-be divided between the subscribing partners, share and share alike. 
 
 Either party hereto shall be allowed to-draw a-sum, not exceeding six hundred 
 dollars pcr-annum, from the capital stock of-the firm, in monthly installments of fifty 
 dollars each, which amount may-be increased by subsequent agreement. 
 
 And further, should either party desire, or should death of either of-the parties, or 
 other reasons, make it necessary, they, the-said copartners, will each to-the other, or, 
 in-case of death of-cither, the surviving party to-the executors or administrators of-the 
 party deceased, make a-full, accurate and final account of-the condition of-the partner- 
 ship as aforesaid, and-will fairly and accurately adjust the-samc. And also, upon 
 taking an inventory of-said capital stock, with increase and profit thereon, which-shall 
 appear or is found to be remaining, all-such remainder shall-be equally apportioned and 
 divided between-them, the-said copartners, their executors or administrators, share and 
 share alike. 
 
 40
 
 It-is also agreed, that in-case of-a misunderstanding arising with the partners here- 
 to, which-cannot-be settled between themselves, such differences of opinion shall-be 
 settled by arbitration, upon the-following conditions, to-wit : Bach party to-choose 
 one arbitrator, which two thus elected shall choose a third ; the three thus chosen to-de- 
 ter mine the-mer its of-the case, and arrange the-basis <>f-a settlement. 
 
 In witness whereof, the undersigned hereto set-their hands, the-day and year first 
 above written. 
 
 THOMAS II. SMITH. 
 CHARLES 1 . CULLEN. 
 Signed in presence of 
 
 D. L. Sillers. 
 
 E. A. K.K\NKI>Y . 
 
 Form of Lease. 
 
 (s grE7RlEs m8(s (rdDF Aprl BtwnAbnrSm(F GrEnfld 0. 
 _yF'frst_& Chas.DnlsF DErbrnO. _yF , s c nd_wtJ(. 
 
 T'sd_yF , frst_dsB(s; ses lEs 2'sd_yF's cnd_'f lw, dscrbd 
 ; rt.y2wt. dscrbj prty. 
 
 2H&2hld'sm2 , sd_yF , scnd_frm , 5(DF Aprll886 2'5(DF Aprl 
 1887. 
 
 & , sd_yF , scn(L_cvncs&grEsW , _yF , frs t_2pA , sd_yF , frst_Z 
 r<j-4WsrnF300$p7Zf lws2wt. s t8'tm&trmsFpA7. 
 
 'sd__yF'scnd__fr(r cvn^sW'sd_yF'frs t_TT'xpr6F'tIm mn6dN(> 
 lEs pc7pss(iF , sd;mssSBg5n2 , sd_yF , frst_NZgd^d6ZYnwR , U)lwAr 
 nv@7cd^s lsBfr xptdA:TP , nonp7F , w01R&ypr6F , sd rqT'tm wn'sm 
 Z;msd2Bpd'sd_yF'frst_MThs l c 6E(r dstm4sd rqdURdclr (s 
 lEsT&nd&rcvr pss6Fsd; mssZF'sm wr hldB4s7dtnr'sd_yF'scnd_ 
 wv,&y ntcFs$ lc6R«fcy clm&4' pss<>Fsd; mss. 
 
 'evnes hrNSxto2&Bbnd, P'hrs xctrs&dmnstr8r6F' s2(s LEs. 
 wtJsd_s h&s&SEls. 
 
 sgn8rF lessor. 
 sgn8rF lessee.
 
 This agreement or lease, made this third day of April, between Abner Smith, of 
 Greenfield, Ohio, party of the first part, andChas. Daniels, of Dearborn, Ohio, party of 
 the second part, witnesseth : 
 
 That the said party of the first part does by these presents lease to the said party of 
 the second part the following described property, to-wit : [Describe property.] 
 
 To have and to hold the same to the said party of the second part, from the fifth 
 day of April, 1S86, to the fifth day of April, 1S87. 
 
 And the said party of the second part covenants and agrees with the party of the 
 first part to pay the said party of the first part, as rent for the same, the sum of $800, 
 payable as follows, to-wit : [State the times and terms of payment.] 
 
 The said party of the second part further covenants with the said party of the first 
 part, that, at the expiration of the time mentioned in this lease, peaceable possession of 
 the said premises shall be given to the said party of the first part, in as good condition 
 as they now are, the usual wear, inevitable accidents, loss by fire excepted ; and that upon 
 the non-payment of the whole or any portion of the said rent at the time when the same 
 is promised to be paid, the said party of the first part may, at his election, either dis- 
 train for said rent due, or declare this lease at an end, and recover possession of said 
 premises as if the same were held by forcible detainer, the said party of the second part 
 waiving any notice of such election, or any demand for the possession of said premises. 
 
 The covenants herein shall extend to and be binding upon the heirs, executors and 
 administrators of the parties to this lease. 
 
 Witness said parties' hands and seals. 
 
 (Signature of Lessor.) [seal.] 
 
 (Signature of Lessee.) [seal ] 
 
 Shorthand and Typewriting. — N. T. Daily. 
 
 '1st fw DsHBn mpr t^&sN'hst3F)r uVs4YwtJcfd(F AndrwJ. 
 GrahmT OrngN. J. & v ' f r , F'rdr Fnl tQBQ VctraP Isaac Ptmn. 
 
 Ptmn WZnw pst 80yrs FGZ'f (rF* mdrn rtFvrbtm rprt,& 
 GrhmWptT&sstmFhs On bsdP PtmnsW&F'frst2prct9'rtN Amrc 
 
 Ptmns nvc6WYsltF&$ngFrlg:fA(Nhs_. N1835 wnHW22yrs 
 ldHW&.t$rN& Engl) sk l"dctdN'sp9sF'$F Engl&. 'r®, sF Swdn 
 brg flN2hs&8& PtmnBcm&'-'vr t2'dctrn st4(N (m. (s nsstSd hs 
 g5,Phs stO 'w$Hpnd&sklN B(. Htrnd hs tn62spl, r.frmNv<j>, 
 frst&lfbt"tn, & c 4VsndBVsmlrNpr(j;c2'-'n Rmn lfbt. (nHwcj'&stp
 
 fr(r&fOngrfc )rt&W'rslt. TZ;pb7-nt srt, 2m$2CTR Ptmns 
 nv^6Z&F'tnRtwlv mst bnf ) lF'ntr c3. Ths"pl t-rvl6lzd rprt, 
 &1 tr wr t, . 
 
 jst hw m&y )rt&r@trs (rRNnU YrkTwclBdf ci t2s t8;pb7- 
 f rm4500tU5000. '#hs ncrsdWgr8rpd8dr, 'lst3R4yrs&(rRnw 
 ;b7-mr wmn (n mnNnU YrkWnv (r lv,N(s wA. Nl887(r wr bt 
 2500)rt&r@rs hrLtldFwm btlOOOwr wmn. 'frst wmn2r@)rt& 
 hrW&Rs Stfrd. Sbgn hr wrk bt25yrsG. prIr2TtmTWhldTwmn 
 cd nt r@)rt&. hr scs hvrWSmrkdZ2m/ hr fm:&2ndUs lrg #s 
 F (r wmn2flONhr ft stps. 'Its t mn2r@)rt&hrW d Houstn& 
 nwsppr rprtr. Hbgn bt 45yrsG. ' 3dc6F'tpr@, m)Ens gv 
 )rt&r@, Ts gr8bUm. 
 
 , pAF)rt&r@rs sd&xprt rprtr2'r@r ystrDZnt wtTUsd2B , tr( 
 b, ql tZgr8-xgrSd ftntms kk crn, TZrgrd, spEd. Of)l cr t rprtrs 
 NnU Yrk gt frm2000tU3000$&yr. )rt&clrks gtL'wAfrm8$4w$ 
 m&y r(r nxprt yng grls wrk P to 25$&35$B(sWr cv'l tr fgrR 
 VfUN#. bsJ)rt&r@rsDnt nd ftn2r@mr (nf>0R80wrds&mn@&wn 
 Yr@fstrTZB4&fUmn@sT&tm. VfUr@rsKsstnl50wrds&mn@&'tlk 
 Fr@, 250 wrdsZrnk nnsns. mstF'bg strEsFfnmnl )rt&fEts 
 cm (rm'fr Wst. 'fr(r wAfrm nU Yrk'srcF's t3'hlr'r8. nt lng 
 G(rW&yrn bt&mnWWmbt: 2r@300wrds&mn@, Hprct9dWsd8B 
 D'VbstHcdHcdn-r$297. TW&gd st3TWwl tld&T 3std svrlF 
 Zmlt-. (i4Wtk pns2rnTdwn&fndTTcm frm Clf4na. iHtstdMOn 
 spd sd (s )rt&r@r&fndTwn f 1 , wl IKDbt 165wrds4&"sdr7lng(F 
 tlm. I(nkIM&gd mn&IKT&mnWKvrG175wrds&mn(5 4&hrZfrst els. 
 (rMB&dznRf ftEnN(s twnWKDT&prps (rR40R50WKD150wrds&mn© 
 L(OVm&y wmnHcmN2'bsJ&Rqt cpt74bsJwrk&4vr: (r4msFdctS6y t 
 wnTcms2lng strn, wrk l^cOrt wrk&rprt, lng sp$sYHnt'f sk 1 
 strn(. I)dCTTwd t "bt2yrs4&prsnWZwl ftdZ2tmpr7&s ti'ctrF 
 'h&s2B"&xprt r@rF)rt&. wn&yng mnWhs pr ctsd5R6mn(s 
 tlsMHKDfrm 125tU 130wrds&mn@I kt cldTHKr-gt \vAWbt60R75& 
 xprns hs )OnTM"cl«ZU)-r@. 
 
 43
 
 The last few days have been important ones in the history of shorthand, for they 
 witnessed the death of Andrew J. Graham at Orange, N. J., and the conferring of the 
 order of knighthood by Queen Victoria upon Isaac Pittman. 
 
 Pittman, who is now past So years of age, is the father of the modern art of verba- 
 tim reporting, and Graham, who put out a system of his own, based upon Pittman's, 
 was one of the first to practice the art in America. 
 
 Pittman's invention was the result of a change of religious faith on his part. In 
 1S35, when he was 22 years old, he was a teacher in an English school conducted under 
 the auspices of the Church of England. The writings of Swedenborg fell into his 
 hands, and Pittman became a convert to the doctrines set forth in them. This necessi- 
 tated his giving up his situation, after which he opened a school in Bath. He turned 
 his attention to spelling reform, inventing first an alphabet containing a character for 
 every sound, but very similar in appearance to the common Roman alphabet. Then he 
 went a step further and phonographic shorthand was the result. It is probably not as- 
 serting too much to say that Mr. Pittman's invention is one of the ten or twelve most 
 beneficial of the entire century. It has completely revolutionized reporting and letter 
 writing. 
 
 Just how many shorthand writers there are in New York it would be difficult to 
 state, probably from 4500 to 5000. The number has increased with great rapidity during 
 the last three or four years, and there are now probably more women than men in Xew 
 York, who make their living in this way. In 1S87 there were about 2500 shorthand 
 writers here all told, of whom about 1000 were women. The first woman to write 
 shorthand here was a Mrs. Stafford. She began her work about twenty-five years ago. 
 Prior to that time it was held that women could not write shorthand. Her success, 
 however, was so marked as to make her famous and induce large numbers of other 
 women to follow in her footsteps. The first man to write shorthand here was Dr. 
 Houston, a newspaper reporter. He began about forty-five years ago. The introduc- 
 tion of the typewriting machines gave shorthand writing its great boom. 
 
 " The pay of shorthand writers? " said an expert reporter to the writer yesterday, 
 '• is not what it used to be, the truth being quite as greatly exaggerated oftentimes con- 
 cerning it as regarding speed. Official court reporters in New York get from $2000 to 
 $3000 a year. Shorthand clerks get all the way from $S, for which many rather inex- 
 pert young girls work, up to $25 and $35, but those who receive the latter figure are 
 very few in number. Business shorthand writers do not need often to write more than 
 sixty or eighty words a minute, and when they write faster, it is but for a few minutes 
 at a time. Very few writers can sustain 150 words a minute, and the talk of writing 
 250 words is rank nonsense. Most of the big stories of phenomenal shorthand feats come 
 from the far West. The further away from New York the source of the story the 
 higher the rate. Not long ago there was a yarn about a man who was ambitious to 
 
 44
 
 write 300 words a minute. He practiced with assiduity, but do the very best he could, 
 he could only reach 297. It was a good story, it was well told, and it interested several 
 of us mightily. Therefore we took pains to run it down, and found that it came from 
 California. " I have tested my own speed," said this shorthand writer, " and find that 
 when feeling well I can do about 165 words for a considerable length of time. I think 
 I am a good man, and I know that a man who can average 175 words a minute for an 
 hour is first-class. There may be a dozen or fifteen in this town who can do that, and 
 perhaps there are forty or fifty who can do 150 words a minute. Although very many 
 women have come into the business and are quite acceptable for business work, and for 
 various other forms of dictation, yet when it comes to long straining work like court 
 work and reporting long speeches, they have not the physical strength. I should say 
 that it would take about two years for a person who is well fitted as to temperament and 
 structure of the hands to become an expert writer of shorthand. When a young man 
 who has practiced five or six months tells me he can do from 125 to 130 words a 
 minute I conclude that he can really get away with about sixty or seventy-five, and ex- 
 perience has shown that my conclusion is usually right." 
 
 ^clUd, rmks. t 
 
 JNTclUd, (s ltl trt9'A(r bgs 2s t8&$lngs&y rprtrN Amrca 
 2gAnChs rmrksTwrV&tlpr^, m)EnKBUsd s tn@pEsrpssNspEdc\: 
 lgblSVKn sstmF)rt&. NdEdL4msFmnl )rt& ms tNv t7-B"obsl8. 
 'tr-ds nt mr xl'Id bZRbb tAl hrs cr (n stn@pE'mpr tk7&rd : 
 sstmFfOnO&s tngr fE. TLmst trbls\spEdFrdn3tIpr@, wist rd, 
 xrc9s0, 2'frqncyFcptlsRmr lg7(n"nbUk prnt. 2; v (s n-& 
 wEks s tdEF'ss tmZnss3. N'4G, xr c9sYEdr vn (OnqntdW)r t& 
 KCT&&cTTrqrs&-#Fm06F'&2r©&frAsBstn@pE(n2xprs , sAm/Ptmn 
 GrhmPrnnMnsn McKE&s$ nv^trs. r®, T&spEdFl50wrds&mn<§ K 
 Umn h&K; pr-bsrv2ps6s bv2BlCtfc&N , l InZ McKENhs nU Rpd t$s 
 wlst')Ad,'lUps&hks&hlf5&dbl UnsF Ptmns sstm&(s bAsdPT 
 rndr k 'ct r@,&fcEl rd, LBmps7. TZLSwr(yFnt9TNstn@pE (rR 
 fUr grmlgs&brv8(>sTBmmr9d. 2pGsF' 1 fbt mbr9'ntlr sstm. 
 L'xrc9sN'; s<$wrkKBrdB&rdn3std^N-(n2wEks. I/A(r sksF&Kdd 
 
 t Note : — Although great care has been devoted to the proof-reading, still it is to be feared 
 that some errors have been over-looked in a work so complex. 
 
 45
 
 pblkZTg5'wrk&fAr trll pA, Ktn62dvr t97s w$Nnmr iNst^sRldtS 
 R"dmnt3crd, 2'mnt xpd'dd. Fstn@pEhdK(r dvcj'GBTFB, &tlm sAvr 
 2tlp s t, m$Ens&rd, m8Esy2dtrs lwyrs&clrgmn'nv^6wldB&wl" 
 sst^. 4dct86&vrbtm rpr t, s tn@pE nh&cs'mr tsF'tIpr@r&m/s 
 fst r@,&"ct rEd, &pls^xrc9. 
 
 nl/mst (r t&mnlsTmr-g51sns dptd2$ p $ptrFrUls&xcp8s 
 'prs^wrk g5s&vArEd slc6ncld, wrds&f rAssTRstmbl, blks2L 
 rprtrs. L'xr c9sRr tnNwt rprtrs cLrpr t, WTws t, tlmB'Scld 
 "spnd, 8 til. 
 
 Z'Ar cstlsFU(5mb6Rgrdl-dspEr,'A(r nwN'Evn, Fhs dcl.yrs 
 avrsT4Kr(- u sdr6cdHBndUcd2fr&wr(-Rsprf)l dv92&NtlG(|5 
 Engl) spk,P. mrV Engl) spk,PRnt Es-mpsdP. hfF&y&"s 
 4_&; vsTwtZclAmdN'tltl pGF(s bUk 1 tZgrnd-smp6'A(rLBmn g'frst 
 2"sln stn@pE2w01sAl c rEm6. TwdLms tB&mrcl2HskUls&clGs 
 _W(r rmnr85pt ss tms4smtlm2". B4s tn@pEB"&l tr3&f n&) 1 scs 
 &ltl rsrvd pA)csLBnss3. Bxhst5 lbr&f rt 1 brAnsRv^-) Ur 2 
 pr)8&sstm w$ rlvs'std^frm hvy&l@ strks&frEsHfrm hks&lps. 
 01 jmp, JckN'bx nw bv nwBlO&gn P'l InZ5-mnsp8d. HnEdsB 
 tp'kEs&stn@pELD'rs t. 
 
 Concluding Remarks. 
 
 In concluding- this little treatise, the author begs to state and challenges any reporter 
 in America to gainsay his remarks, that wherever a typewriting machine can be 
 used, Stenotypy surpasses in speed and legibility, every known system of shorthand. 
 Indeed, all forms of manual shorthand must inevitably become obsolete. The trolley 
 does not more excel the old " buss," or bob-tail horse-car, than Stenotypy the impracti- 
 cable and arduous systems of phonography and stenography. It almost trebles the 
 speed of ordinary typewriting ; whilst reading exercises, owing to the frequency of 
 capitals, are more legible than common book-print. To prove this only one week's 
 study of the system is necessary. In the foregoing exercises, the reader, even though 
 unacquainted with shorthand, can see at once, that it requires a less number of motions 
 of the hand to write a phrase by Stenotypy than to express the same after Pitman, Gra- 
 ham, Pernin, Munson, McKee and such inventors. Writing at a speed of 150 words a 
 minute, no human hand can properly observe two positions above, two below, and one 
 on the Line, as McKee, in his " New Rapid " teaches, whilst the shading, the loops 
 
 46
 
 a nd hoops and half full and double lines of Pitman's system and those based upon it, 
 render correct writing and facile reading all but impossible. It is also worthy of notice 
 that in Stenotype there are fewer grammalogues and abbreviations to be memorized. 
 Two pages of the alphabet embrace the entire system. All the exercises in the present 
 work can be read by an ordinary student in less than two weeks. All the Author asks 
 of a candid Public is to give the work a fair trial, paying no attention to advertise- 
 ments which, in numerous instances, arc laudatory or condemnatory, according to the 
 amount expended. 
 
 If Stenotype had no other advantage but that of being a time-saver to type-setting 
 machines, a " reading-made-easy" to Editors, Lawyers and Clergymen, the invention 
 would be a welcome assistant. For dictation, and verbatim reporting, Stenotype en- 
 hances the merits of the typewriter, and makes fast writing and correct reading a 
 pleasant exercise. 
 
 Unlike most shorthand manuals that merely give lessons adapted to each particular 
 chapter of rules and exceptions, the present work gives a varied selection, including 
 words and phrases that are stumbling blocks to all reporters. All the exercises are 
 written in what reporters call the " reporting," without wasting time by the so-called 
 corresponding style. 
 
 As the air-castles of youthful ambition are gradually disappearing, the Author, 
 now in the evening of his declining years, avers that for no earthly consideration could 
 he be induced to offer a worthless or superficial device to an intelligent English-speak- 
 ing people. Moreover, English-speaking people are not easily imposed upon. Hence, 
 if any one comes forward and proves that what is claimed in the title page of this 
 booklet is groundless assumption, the Author will be among the first to consign Steno- 
 type to wholesale cremation. It would almost be a miracle to have schoolsand colleges 
 part with their remunerative pet systems for some time to come. Before .Stenotype 
 becomes a literary and financial success, a little reserved patience will be necessary. 
 But exhaustive labor and fertile brains are eventually sure to appreciate a svstem 
 which relieves the student from heavy and light strokes and frees him from hooks and 
 loops. Old Jumping Jack-in-the-box, now above, now below, and again upon the 
 line, is fully emancipated. He needs but tap the keys and Stenotypy will do the rest. 
 
 D. A. Q. 
 
 Note : — In preparing this edition the Author is pleased to acknowledge valuable suggestions 
 by the Bishop of Denver, Right Rev. N. Matz, D. D. 
 
 47
 
 A Concise 
 Explanation 
 
 OF THE ADVANTAGES AND APPARENT 
 DIFFICULTIES OF STENOTYPY. 
 
 A typewriter who can write 60 words a minute can, by using the logograms of 
 Stenotypy, multiply this rate by two and a half {at least), speeding 150 words 
 a minute, or saving- of six out of ten hours' labor. Eighty words a minute 
 (a speed which hundreds of typewriters attain), would, by Stenotypy, average 
 200 words per minute — a speed which no living reporter, who writes legibly, can 
 ever reach by any other system. The Stenotyper writes in this rapid way 
 every word, using vowels and consonants that in no other system could be used. 
 This is not a gratuitous assumption, but an evidence which the preceding exercises 
 visibly demonstrate. The word-signs are so suggestive and plain, that in less than 
 live years the Author expects to see bibles, hymnals and prayer-books in the hands 
 of the " old folk," who have discarded their spectacles since this capital system 
 came into use. There can be no possible confusion in regard to word-spacing. In 
 fact the collocation of capital letters and other logograms, without space, is a beau- 
 tiful feature of the art. We will explain : 
 
 "All the consonants of the English alphabet, when written as capitals, are 
 logograms or word-signs that require no space before or after. Four letters, G J 
 (^ X , (being of less frequent use), are also used for affixes besides being word- 
 signs. The capital letter B invariably stands for be, by, but; C stands for say, 
 sea, see. It can never mean anything else. D is used to express day, die, do; 
 F is the word-sign for of, if, off; G stands for God, go, age. It is used for age 
 wherever these three letters occur, whether used in the beginning or end of a word, as 
 G<j- .(agent) ; mrG (marriage). The capital vowels, like capital consonants, have 
 no space before or after them. I O U always stand for the words they phonetic- 
 ally express. OURMfr? (Oh! You are my friend), is more legible than the sentence 
 spelt out in full. In like manner, the figures are used for the words they phonetic- 
 ally express. The figure 2. stands for to, too, two; 4 is a word-sign, meaning for > 
 
 48
 
 fore, four, as in 4G, (foregoing). The figures 8 and 9 follow the same rule. 
 p8 (pate) ; qlo, (quinine), whilst they, in common with the other figures and punctu- 
 ation marks, stand for the affixes placed opposite them in the alphabet or key. If 
 there is no space before or after the the figure or stop, you know it is used for 
 an affix. cpyF (capable of). Here, the figure 7 (meaning able, ment), having no 
 space to left or right, is used as an affix. When used as a prefix, it must have 
 one space to left. TZV 7vEn<^ (It is very inconvenient). The figure 7 as a prefix, 
 stands for incom-n, incog, encoun. The commercial C besides standing for cents, 
 also stands for ant, ent. Where a word-sign is used in the middle of a word, as 
 
 "&7 (commandment) ; 4 J (forwardness). The & and being used for and- 
 
 zvard, there can be no mistaking the meaning. The J here would also mean Jesus 
 or Jew, but the context will readily show the correct meaning. In regard to word- 
 spacing, the guiding rules may all be expressed in one sentence, viz : — Wherever 
 a capital letter, figure, or stop is used for a zvord-sign, there will be no space 
 before or after such capital letter, figure, or stop. Each word-sign always retains 
 its meaning as given in the alphabet." 
 
 The student will find the reading of Stenotypy so easy, that the rules for 
 spacing between words that end with a small vowel or consonant, might in numer- 
 ous instances, be overlooked. The word-signs are so frequently used that they 
 assist the reader whenever the writer failed to observe the rules of word-spacing. 
 
 In concluding this little volume, the Author expresses sorrow for having so 
 unsparingly to disparage other shorthand systems, but the wearisome defects of these 
 systems were so apparent and numerous that no honest instructor could overlook them. 
 
 Whilst the human eye is undimmed, and the intellect capable of discerning 
 metaphysical and physical excellence, there can be no hesitation in choosing a 
 system which requires but a gentle tap with any of the ten fingers to form a syllable 
 or word, in preference to those pen and pencil systems that require three posi- 
 tions, (McKee has five) above, belozv and on the line of horizontal, oblique or 
 vertical strokes which must (in Pitmanic systems), be in heavy or light shading, 
 and of half, whole or double length. The hooks, loops, circles, dots and other 
 technical devices, used to express word-combinations or vowels are as puzzling as 
 the hieroglyphics on a Chinese tea-chest. Hence no reporter would attempt to read 
 the writing of another. Indeed, every first-class reporter must candidly admit, that 
 while keeping pace with the human voice he must often depend on his memory 
 and his own creations. The fact that Stenotypy exercises can be read at sight by 
 anyone who knows the key or alphabet, must be regarded as a most valuable 
 feature. In the words of the learned Bishop of Denver, 4lg7S&spEstn@pExlsY 
 Kn SStmF)rt&. ( " For legibility and speed, Stenotypy excels every known system 
 of shorthand." ) 
 
 49
 
 Appendix. 
 
 The following list of words, besides being a pleasant exercise, affords an ocular 
 evidence of the brevity of Stenotype. No system of shorthand is capable of such con- 
 tractions. It will be seen that besides prefixes and affixes, contractions are used in the 
 middle of words. Although the same word-signs (such as T for "that," "it" and 
 " out") are used, still there will be no doubt about which word is meant in the sen- 
 tence, as the context will always indicate the proper word. 
 
 B4& 
 dvqG 
 
 Ny(, 
 
 a_7 
 
 4t8 
 
 Urs f(5-NX 
 
 4tU8 
 
 xc r " 
 
 xc@5 
 
 ddc83 
 
 4g5J 
 
 lw-J 
 
 M6 
 
 H6 
 
 6)J 
 
 beforehand. 
 
 Lst% 
 
 advantage. 
 
 PA(^ 
 
 anything. 
 
 rdn3 
 
 apartment. 
 
 ;v8 
 
 compartment. 
 
 ;d^ 
 
 fortitude. 
 
 ; v^6 
 
 yours faithfully 
 in Christ. 
 
 i ts to 
 
 fortuity. 
 
 c 
 
 execute. 
 
 scr f 9 
 
 executive. 
 
 scr7 
 
 dedicatory. 
 
 ;vdnc 
 
 forgiveness. 
 
 pl({A6i 
 
 lawlessness. 
 
 grAc: 
 
 myself. 
 
 n__J 
 
 himself. 
 
 Nt/, 
 
 selfishness. 
 
 T15 
 
 contrite. 
 
 15-Q 
 
 testimony. 
 
 patient. 
 
 ordinary. 
 
 private. 
 
 prudent. 
 
 prevention. 
 
 protestant. 
 
 catholic. 
 
 sacrifice. 
 
 sacrament. 
 
 Providence. 
 
 plantations. 
 
 gracious. 
 
 inwardness. 
 
 undertaking. 
 
 outlive. 
 
 livelihood. 
 
 5o
 
 2m& 
 
 countermand. 
 
 W(jj, 
 
 wanting. 
 
 3dc6 
 
 introduction. 
 
 LJ 
 
 lordship. 
 
 4fse 
 
 magnificent. 
 
 lUn9 
 
 lunacy. 
 
 5mT 
 
 transmit. 
 
 ;mOt or ;m@ 
 
 promote. 
 
 6t7 
 
 accountable. 
 
 ;vld or ;v ( "> 
 
 provide. 
 
 6t^ 
 
 accountant. 
 
 .;# 
 
 progress. 
 
 7plEt 
 
 incomplete. 
 
 ;jd9 
 
 prejudice. 
 
 8t 
 
 recount. 
 
 ;prA6 
 
 preparation. 
 
 9#6 
 
 retrogression. 
 
 rlA6 
 
 relation. 
 
 2vrsy 
 
 controversy. 
 
 rlt& or r@& 
 
 righthand. 
 
 TrG: 
 
 outrageous. 
 
 fcEt: 
 
 facetious. 
 
 T# 
 
 outnumber. 
 
 ndc8 
 
 indicate. 
 
 ""tk 
 
 concomitant. 
 
 nv^G 
 
 invention. 
 
 u c9 
 
 concise. 
 
 n8 
 
 innate. 
 
 u pr85 
 
 comparative. 
 
 mdE8 
 
 mediate. 
 
 "pr6 
 
 comparison. 
 
 md8- 
 
 immediately 
 
 "4m8 
 
 conformity. 
 
 mdt8 
 
 meditate. 
 
 w/5 
 
 wakeful. 
 
 ntxc8 
 
 intoxicate. 
 
 5 #6 
 
 transgression. 
 
 jnU3 
 
 January. 
 
 6p&y 
 
 accompany. 
 
 snD 
 
 Sunday. 
 
 2dct3 
 
 contradictory. 
 
 wrF 
 
 whereof. 
 
 t^5 
 
 attentive. 
 
 wr4 
 
 wherefore. 
 
 "sE^: 
 
 conscientious. 
 
 fmn9 
 
 feminine. 
 
 vOt5 
 
 votive. 
 
 hll& 
 
 highland. 
 
 #- 
 
 numberless. 
 
 mpr85 
 
 imperative. 
 
 "# 
 
 congress. 
 
 mpr t$ 
 
 impertinent. 
 
 cOprS 
 
 co-operate. 
 
 clt58 
 
 cultivate. 
 
 "5 
 
 connive. 
 
 (, 
 
 thing. 
 
 It must be noticed that the above list of words are almost all spelt out in full. 
 Trangression ( 5#6). The 5 with space to left is prefix for trans; 4£ is affix for 
 gress; 6 is affix for sion. A glance at the alphabet will show what each character 
 means. 
 
 5 1
 
 CORRIGENDA. 
 
 Page 7, fourth line from bottom tOm (tone), should be tOn. 
 
 The sign °J which is used as an affix for (ony-?nony), and for the prefix 
 circum, is also used for the prefixes ( sul^-sur ), which we have failed to insert 
 in the alphabet on page 9. 
 
 The inverted commas ( " ) which stand for the prefixes {com- con- cor) is also 
 used for the prefix (col). Omitted on page 9. 
 
 Page 9, cm&7 (commandment), should be "&7- 
 
 Page 10, in the context, that sentence commencing " Grammalogues that 
 take s to form their plurals, etc." should read " Logograms that take s to form 
 their plurals, etc" 
 
 Page 20, fourth line from top, W& (wand), should be w&. 
 
 Page 22, first line, en (can), should be K. 
 
 Page 23, insert $ between six and seventh letter from end of line five. 
 
 Page 24, fourth line from bottom, WEZ (with ease), should be WEz. 
 
 Page 29, third last word of line one, n@A6 (invitation), should be nv@6. 
 
 Page 30, fourth line of " Declaration of Independence," change 2'stl6 (to the 
 separation), to 2'sprA6. 
 
 Page 30, third line from bottom of page, the first four words should read 
 lgsl8r&r(^Mistm72. 
 
 Page 39, line seven, co nrj (copartnership), should be co nrj. 
 
 I ntil the student has attained sufficient proficiency in Stenotypy the numerical prefixes given 
 in the alphabet (page 9), being 6eldom used might be omitted. Word-spacing, which has 
 been invariable observed between small consonant letters that belong to different words, might 
 aUo be discarded, after a time, as logograms, or word-signs are sufficiently numerous to 
 prevent confusion in the reading of exercises.
 
 TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 The reader must bear in mind that Stenotypy, being recently invented (impor- 
 tant additions having been made as late as March ist, 1895), the system, therefore, 
 lacked the time necessary to submit it to a candid public criticism. Moreover, few 
 shorthand experts are capable of giving a fair opinion as to its merits. In a letter 
 which we herein publish from the " Caligraph Co.," it will also be seen how Steno- 
 typy is handicapped by the red tape used in our colleges and schools where phono- 
 graphic manual systems are taught. 
 
 The few letters we subjoin, coming from persons whose probity and scholarly 
 attainments are beyond question, recommend more than columns of paid advertise- 
 ments. 
 
 Bishop's House, 235 S. Evans Street, 
 
 Denver, Col., Dec. 9, 1S94. 
 Rev. D. A. Quixn :— 
 
 Rev. and Dear Father — Your very kind letter and the books you so kindly sent me 
 came to hand. As you will see, I have already become somewhat familiar with your 
 system of Stenotypy. Whatever the hypocritical may think about it, I am satisfied 
 that it meets a long felt want. I have often been wondering that someone did not 
 invent long ago some system of shorthand for the typewriter. You have solved the 
 problem. Perhaps some one will say it is not philosophical, as Mr. Pittman claims 
 for his phonography. No matter, if it does the work. I fear some one will claim 
 and try to wrest from you the glory of giving us a new invention of great value. At 
 all events I consider you an inventor, and as such, I, for one, shall ever be most grate- 
 ful to you. This is the second letter I write according to your system. The 
 more I practice it, the better I like it. I have written to Father G — , of Santa Fe., 
 recommending it and urging its adoption in the schools. Like every good thing it de- 
 mands patience and practice. But the person who has the courage to bestow these will 
 be amply rewarded. Now, my dear Father Quinn, let me again thank you for sending 
 me this work of yours. I assure you I am deeply grateful to you for it and I shall nevei 
 sit down to my machine to write by this system without thinking of you, and learn- 
 ing every day more and more to appreciate the boon you have conferred on humanity 
 by your system of stenotypy. 
 
 Very sincerely yours in Xt., 
 
 N. C. MATZ, 
 
 Bishop of Denver. 
 
 53
 
 The Bishop found the system so simple that he wrote the above letter in Stenotypy 
 (almost without a mistake) after less than one week's practice. 
 
 In a letter dated February 5, 1895, the Bishop wrote : " For legibility and 
 rapidity your system is infinitely preferable to any of the known systems of shorthand. 
 The fact that in two days I got control of its principles, shows how easy of acquisition 
 and practical your invention is. For those who have neither the time nor aptitude to 
 learn any of the complicated systems in vogue, Stenotypy is invaluable." 
 
 Note: — McKee, in his introduction to his "New Rapid ' Shorthand, proves that Pitman's 
 boasted claim to philosophy and nature is a false allegation. McKee clearly shows that most of 
 the Pitmanic loops, hooks and vowels are used in direct contradiction to his (Pitman's) principles. 
 The author of Stenotypy, however, fails to see where Mr. McKee has given a better substitute for 
 Pittman's combinations. McKee's quintuple vowel system, as also his half, whole and double 
 length strokes, although aiding speed, will forever remain an insurmountable obstacle to legibility, 
 which, in all cases, is more necessary than any rate of speed. 
 
 Chancellor's Office, 
 
 Diocese of Omaha, Neb., Jan. 13, 1895. 
 Rev. D. A. Quinn : 
 
 Rev. Dear Sir — Having heard a good deal spoken of your system of shorthand for 
 the typewriter, please send me the book of instruction and bill of costs. 
 
 Yours in Xto, 
 
 Rev. A. M. CALANERI, 
 
 Chancellor. 
 
 After the Rev. Chancellor received the book, in less than two weeks he wrote the 
 Author a letter in Stenotypy, which evinced a thorough knowledge of its principles. 
 
 Columbia, Mo., Jan. 22, 1895. 
 Rev. D. A. Quinn : 
 
 Dear Rev. Sir — I thank you very heartily for your copies of Stenotypy. It is just 
 the needed thing. I handed the second copy to an expert typewriter and stenographer, 
 who declared it good. Accept again my thanks, and best wishes for your continued 
 success. 
 
 Yours in Xt, 
 
 Rev. L. F. O'REILLY. 
 
 54 

 
 St. Paul's Academy, 
 
 St. Paul, Ore., Dec. 27, 1894. 
 Rev. D. A. Quinn: 
 
 Dear Rev. Father — The three copies of Stenotypy arrived while I was absent — 
 hence the delay in acknowledging the great favor of which I have been the happy 
 recipient, and which I appreciate more than words can express. The Sister who has 
 undertaken to learn this shorthand typewriting is charmed with its simplicity and the 
 ease in attaining a practical knowledge of this time-saving art. With heartful thanks 
 for your kindness, and wishing you all the joys of this holy season, I am, dear Rev. 
 Father, 
 
 Yours in Jesus and Mary, 
 
 SISTER M. of Jesus, Sup'r. 
 
 In the Providence Visitor of October, 1S94, (in the editorial column) it was stated 
 that stenographic experts had examined Father Quinn's system of Stenotypy and found 
 that it possessed the merits claimed for it by the Author. 
 
 The following letter, dictated by the Treasurer of the American Writing Machine 
 Co., will show what obstacles the invalid Author of Stenotypy may expect to en- 
 counter. 
 
 The Caligraph Writing Machine Co., 
 
 Hartford, Conn., Dec. 6, 1S93. 
 Rev. D. A. Quinn : 
 
 Dear Sir — Your letter of Dec. 5, with enclosures, have been received. It is 
 hardly a matter we can decide in a moment, and we would like to weigh further 
 before taking up your system of Stenotypy. At first thought we are inclined to believe 
 that it would be a damage. We should certainly secure the undying hostility of the 
 sc/100/s." 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 The American Writing Machine Co. 
 
 Dictated by George W. Dickerman, Treasurer. 
 
 55
 
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