2-. 
 
A PRIMEE 
 
 OF 
 
 THE IRISH LANGUAGE, 
 
 &c. &c. 
 
* 
 
 A PRIMER 
 
 THE IRISH LANGUAGE, 
 
 COPIOUS READING LESSONS ; 
 
 USE OF THE STUDENTS 
 
 THE COLLEGE OF ST. COLUMBA. 
 
 DUBLIN: 
 MOPGKS AND SMITH, GRAFTON-STKEET, 
 
 BOOKSELLERS TO THE UNIVERSITY. 
 1845. 
 
DUBLIN : 
 
 P1UNTED AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 
 BY M. H. GILL. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 THE following Primer was compiled for the use of 
 the junior classes in the College of St. Columba : 
 and it is now published in the hope of removing some 
 of the obstacles which have hitherto opposed the pro- 
 gress of beginners in the Irish language. 
 
 It is not intended as a grammar, but rather as a 
 supplement to a grammar; containing progressive 
 lessons in spelling and pronunciation ; familiar phrases 
 and sentences ; and a useful praxis in reading and 
 translation. The result, it is hoped, will prove ac- 
 ceptable both to teachers and learners, as it is be- 
 lieved that no similar book, calculated for general 
 school purposes, has hitherto existed. 
 
 The work would have been made more complete 
 by the insertion of additional spelling lists, including 
 trisyllables and longer words, together with illustra- 
 tions of the more important Gaelic idioms, and rules 
 of construction. But the necessity of a speedy pub- 
 
 M578532 
 
VI PREFACE. 
 
 lication rendered it expedient to suspend this part of 
 the plan for the present; and the postponement of it 
 is the less to be regretted, as Mr. O'Donovan's Gram- 
 mar, now in course of publication at the expense of 
 the College, will afford the means of completing the 
 original design more perfectly, if a second edition of 
 the present work be called for at any future period. 
 
 It is necessary to state that the College of St. 
 Columba is indebted for the following work to the 
 joint labours of Mr.JHjoffey T . to whom the department 
 of tuition in the Irish language has been committed, 
 and of the Rev. Robert King. To the latter of these 
 gentlemen are due the original suggestion and plan of 
 the Primer, and particularly the selection and arrange-* 
 ment of the reading Lessons. To Mr. O'Donovan, 
 and the Rev. Dr. Todd, of Trinity College, Dublin, 
 thanks are also due, for the trouble they have taken 
 in reading the proof sheets, and suggesting many 
 useful corrections. 
 
 R. C. SINGLETON, 
 Warden. 
 
 Feb. 21, 1845. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAP. I. 
 
 OF THE LETTERS IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Sect. 1. The Alphabet, 1 
 
 2. Sounds of the Vowels and Consonants, .... 2 
 
 3. Spelling Exercises on the preceding Rules, ... 4 
 
 4. Sounds of the long Diphthongs, 8 
 
 Spelling Exercises on the long Diphthongs, ... 9 
 
 5. Sounds of the variable Diphthongs, ib. 
 
 Spelling Exercises on the variable Diphthongs, . 10 
 
 6. Of the Triphthongs, and Spelling Exercises on them, 13 
 
 7. Spelling Exercises on the Diphthongs, .... 14 
 
 Dissyllables with one Diphthong, ib. 
 
 with two Diphthongs, 15 
 
 8. Short Phrases and Sentences, 16 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 OF ASPIRATION, AND THE CHANGES PRODUCED BY IT IN THE 
 SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS. 
 
 Sect. ] . Of the Sounds of the aspirated Letters, .... 20 
 
 2. Spelling Exercises on the Aspirates. Monosyllables, 23 
 
 3. Initial Aspirates, 24 
 
 4. Short Sentences, with aspirated Monosyllables, . 26 
 
 5. Spelling Exercises. Aspirated Dissyllables, . . 27 
 
 6. Exercises in Reading, 30 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 OF ECLI PSIS . 
 
 Sect. 1. Effects of Eclipsis on the Sounds of the Letters, . 34 
 
 2. Short Sentences with Eclipsis, 35 
 
 3. Reading Lessons from Keating's History of Ireland, 39 
 
Vlll CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 READING LESSONS. RELIGIOUS AND MORAL. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Sect. 1. From Gallagher's Irish Sermons (with the Ortho- 
 graphy corrected), 46 
 
 2. Extracts from Richardson's Irish Sermons (trans- 
 lated from Bishop Beveridge's Discourses), with 
 
 the Orthography corrected, 60 
 
 The Gloria in Excelsis, . 73 
 
 CHAP. V. 
 
 READING LESSONS. CONSISTING OF SELECT PASSAGES FROM THE 
 HISTORY OF IRELAND BY KEATING. 
 
 Sect. 1. Of the Lia Fail, or Stone of Destiny, brought into 
 
 Ireland by the Tuatha de Danaans, 75 
 
 2. Of the Time of the coming of the Milesians to settle 
 
 in Ireland, 78 
 
 3. Of the coming of the Cruithneans, or Picts, to Ire- 
 
 land; their Battle with the Inhabitants, and 
 Removal to Britain, 80 
 
 4. Of Ollamh Fola, and the Convention, or Feis of 
 
 Tarah, instituted by him, 85 
 
 5. Enumeration of the episcopal Sees in Ireland, . . 87 
 
 6. Of Niall Naoighiallach, Monarch of Ireland ; his 
 
 Expedition to Scotland and France, and capture 
 
 of St. Patrick, 90 
 
 7. Of the Invasion of Britain by the Picts and Scots, 93 
 
 8. That Scotia was anciently the Name of Ireland, . 95 
 
 9. Testimonies of some English Writers concerning 
 
 the national Character of the Irish People, . . 99 
 
 CHAP. VI. 
 
 SACRED LESSONS, CONSISTING OF PASSAGES EXTRACTED FROM 
 THE IRISH VERSION OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES. 
 
 Sect. 1. From the Proverbs of Solomon, 101 
 
 2. St. Matthew, xviii. 21-35, 103 
 
 3. Romans, xii. and xiii 105 
 
 4. 1st St. Peter, ii 108 
 
 THE CHURCH CATECHISM, Ill 
 
PRIMER OF THE IRISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 OF THE LETTERS IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 SECT. 1 The Alphabet. 
 
 1. THE Irish Alphabet consists of eighteen letters, as 
 may be seen in the following Table : 
 
 FOBM. 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 CORRESPONDING 
 
 Capital. 
 
 Small. 
 
 
 ENGLISH LETTERS. 
 
 Q & 
 
 a 
 
 cnlm 
 
 a 
 
 6 
 
 b 
 
 beiuh 
 
 b 
 
 C 
 
 c 
 
 coll 
 
 C 
 
 O 
 
 D 
 
 twip 
 
 d 
 
 e 
 
 e 
 
 eabhct 
 
 e 
 
 F 
 
 F 
 
 peapn 
 
 f 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 5F r 
 
 g 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 logha 
 
 i 
 
 L 
 
 I 
 
 Imp 
 
 * 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 mum 
 
 m 
 
 N 
 
 n 
 
 nmn 
 
 n 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 01 p 
 
 o 
 
 P 
 
 P 
 
 peirh 
 
 P 
 
 T? 
 
 P 
 
 puip 
 
 r 
 
 8 
 
 r 
 
 puil 
 
 s 
 
 C 
 
 c 
 
 ueine 
 
 t 
 
 U 
 
 u 
 
 up 
 
 u 
 
 h 
 
 h 
 
 uat)h 
 
 h 
 
OF THE LETTERS 
 
 The Irish names of the letters, although above given for 
 the sake of those who may desire to see them, need not be 
 committed to memory. They all express the names of trees. 
 
 2. Table of the most common contractions. 
 
 .1. is put for eaohon, or 
 id est. 
 
 or 7 (the Latin contraction 
 for et) is put for agup, 
 
 also for ec and eo. 5 
 A is put for an. 
 
 4 . . . ap. t) . . . na. 
 
 4 ... aip. i) . . . nn. 
 
 f . . ache. fti . . . pp. 
 
 e . . . ea. K 
 
 >? . . . ui. 
 
 SECT. 2 0/V/?<? Sounds of the Vowels and Consonants. 
 
 3. Of the letters as given above, the following seven, 
 viz., b, p, I, m, n, p, p, when in their simplest state, have 
 the same sound as the corresponding English letters. 
 
 4. c and 5 are always sounded hard ; c as in the English 
 word come, or like the k in king ; never soft, as the c in 
 city, cedar, &c. 5 answers to the sound of the correspon- 
 ding English letter in gone or guile : it is never soft, as in 
 ginger. 
 
 5. D and c have each of them a twofold sound, viz., o 
 sounds either as th in the English words, there, this ; or as 
 an English d accompanied with a slender sound of the letter 
 y. In like manner c (when followed by a broad vowel) 
 is sounded either as the th in thick, or as an English t, ac- 
 companied by the same slender sound of y. 
 
 The nearest approach in English words to the last men- 
 tioned sounds of D and c is perhaps that which occurs in 
 the words Indian, fustian, &c. Observe, however, that 
 there is in these words respectively, a sound of g soft, and 
 ch, which does not belong to the Irish letters here spoken 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 of, and which must therefore be carefully avoided in the 
 pronunciation of them. 
 
 6. p has a two-fold power ; sounding in some places as 
 the simple s in the English word same ; in other places 
 like sh in shine. (See No. 8.) 
 
 7. The vowels, as in English, are five in number ; they 
 are divided into two classes, broad and slender. There are 
 three broad, viz., a, o, u, and two slender, viz., e and i. 
 
 8. The letters o, c, p, when connected with broad vowels, 
 have the first sounds assigned to them in the preceding 
 remarks (Nos. 5 and 6). When connected with slender 
 vowels, they have the second sounds there assigned to 
 them. 
 
 9. Each of the vowels has a long sound in some places, 
 thus : f 
 
 a in bap, ban, is sounded like the English a in call. 
 
 e in len, pe e in they. 
 
 \ in mm (smooth), m, eein been. 
 
 o in mop, 05, o in gold. 
 
 u in cu, cu, u in ride. 
 
 10. The long vowels are commonly marked with an ac- 
 cent, drawn from right to left, which is peculiar to them, 
 and is the only accent used in writing Irish, thus : bap, 
 death. 
 
 1 1 . Each of the vowels has also one or more short sounds, 
 as follows : 
 
 a in air, is sounded like the English a in what. 
 
 - in cap, a in hat. 
 
 e in pel, e in sell. 
 
 i in mm (meal), i in pit. 
 
 o in olc, o in work. 
 
 u in oul, u in sun. 
 
 - in pup, u in pull. 
 
OF THE LETTEKS 
 
 12. The vowels (as is the case in every language) have 
 also occasionally an obscure or indistinct sound, of which 
 the following are instances ; 
 
 a in cupa, popca, is sounded like a in funeral. 
 e in milpe, oile, e in manner. 
 
 13. Finally, in some positions, a and o have a very pe- 
 culiar sound, answering to that of the i in wide; this will 
 be more fully explained hereafter. 
 
 SECT. 3. Spelling Exercises on the preceding Rules. 
 
 14. Monosyllables. 
 
 61, a clutch, 
 cmn, there, 
 dp, slaughter. 
 " dpo, a height. 
 bdo, a boat, 
 ball, a spot, a limb, 
 ban, white 
 bdpo, a poet, 
 bap, death. 
 cd, where, 
 clap, a board. 
 t>d, if, two. 
 
 15. pal, a heel, 
 pap, excellent, 
 plan, sound, whole, 
 cd, is. 
 
 call, beyond, over, 
 can, time, 
 ale, a joint. 
 am, time, 
 ba, cows. 
 
 bap, palm of the hand. 
 blap, taste. 
 cao, what. 
 
 oall, blind, 
 odn, a poem. 
 pd, under, about, 
 pdj, leave, 
 jann, scarce. 
 Id, a day. 
 Idn, full, 
 lap, middle. 
 ma, if. 
 
 mam, handful. 
 nd, nor. 
 ppdp, brass. 
 
 cam, crooked. 
 
 cap, twist. 
 
 cac, a cat. 
 
 cpann, a tree. 
 
 oapc, a clod. 
 
 pao, length, whilst. 
 
 jal, vapour. 
 
 gan, without. 
 
 jap, near, advantage. 
 
 jap, stalk. 
 
 jlac, take. 
 
 jlan, clean. 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 16. $lap, green. 
 
 ap, out of. 
 
 I a 5, weak. 
 
 bpar, a garment. 
 
 lap, light (verb). 
 
 cap, come. 
 
 mac, a son. 
 
 cape, thirst. 
 
 map, as. 
 
 ce, who. 
 
 parm, a verse. 
 
 gne, kind, form. 
 
 pale, a leap. 
 
 e, he, it. 
 
 plae, a rod. 
 
 le, with. 
 
 ab, a father. 
 
 len, woe. 
 
 05, with. 
 
 me, I, me. 
 
 an, the. 
 
 pe, with. 
 
 ap, our. 
 
 pe, six. 
 
 17. r^? ne ? six- 
 
 pi, she. 
 
 ce, a person. 
 
 ci, a person. 
 
 cpe, through. 
 
 cip, country. 
 
 pel, strife. 
 
 cpf, three. 
 
 bi, be thou. 
 
 cpiD, through. 
 
 Dim, from me, of me. 
 
 glic, wise. 
 
 i, she, it. 
 
 ip, is. 
 
 im, butter. 
 
 mil, honey. 
 
 lin, flax, a line. 
 
 mm, meal. 
 
 mi, a month. 
 
 pip, with him. 
 
 mm, smooth. 
 
 pin, that. 
 
 ni, not. 
 
 pmn, we. 
 
 18. ci, come. 
 
 nop, manner. 
 
 bo, a cow. 
 bopo, a table. 
 
 05, young 
 61, drink (verb). 
 
 bpog, a shoe. 
 
 op, gold.^ 
 
 bpon, grief. 
 
 pog, a kiss. 
 
 cpo, a hovel. 
 
 pop, seed. 
 
 DO, two. 
 
 poc, a ploughshare. 
 
 poo, a sod. 
 
 po, very. 
 
 pop, yet. 
 
 poo, a passage. 
 
 glop, voice. 
 
 bo 5, soft. 
 
 mop, great. 
 
 clo, a bell. 
 
 no, or. 
 
 cnoc, a hill. 
 
 19. cop p, a body. 
 
 DO, thy. 
 
 cop, the foot. 
 
 Donn, brown. 
 
 B 2 
 
OF THE LETTERS 
 
 go, until, that, 
 gob, a beak, 
 gol, crying, 
 gopm, blue, 
 gopc, field, 
 gpoo, quick, 
 lonjj, ship. 
 lopg, footstep. 
 mo, my. 
 olc, evil. 
 
 opm, upon me. 
 ope, on thee. 
 poll, a hole, a pit. 
 pope, a tune, 
 popg, an eye. 
 po, this. 
 f on, sake, 
 coll, pierce, 
 conn, a wave, 
 copo, silence. 
 
 20. cpom, heavy. 
 
 cup, beginning. 
 
 cpopg, a codfish. 
 
 up, fresh. 
 
 cpub, a paw. 
 
 bun, root, bottom. 
 
 cu, a hound. 
 
 cum, shape. 
 
 cul, the back. 
 
 cup, power. 
 
 _^ t>un, a fort. 
 
 oul, going. 
 
 glun, a knee. 
 
 gup, that (conj.) 
 
 pune, a pound. 
 
 muc, a pig. 
 
 pug, a wrinkle. 
 
 pluc, a cheek. 
 
 pup, a secret. 
 
 pup, a lip. 
 
 puo, or uo, yonder. 
 
 pug, brought. 
 
 cu, thou. 
 
 pul, before. 
 
 21. Dissyllables. 
 
 accr, with them. 
 
 annpin, there. 
 
 aga, with whom. 
 
 annpo, here. 
 
 0:50:0, with thee. 
 
 annpa, beloved. 
 
 ajam, with me. 
 0511 p, and. 
 
 an c-am, 1 , 
 ancan, } when - 
 
 olloo, formerly. 
 
 appcol, an apostle. 
 
 anal, breath. 
 
 apan, bread. 
 
 anall, hither. 
 
 apip, again. 
 
 anam, soul. 
 
 aj^ao, out of thee. 
 
 ane, yesterday. 
 
 apal, an ass. 
 
 anpo, woe. 
 
 bagun, bacon. 
 
 annpa, in the. 
 
 balla, a wall. 
 
 22. baca, a stick. 
 bpaoctn, a salmon. 
 
 cpupga, a jar. 
 capall, a horse. 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 capa, a friend, 
 capbcro, a carriage, 
 cappdn, a reaping-hook, 
 cdpan, a path, 
 capog, a coat, 
 capca, twisted, 
 capiip, a hammer. 
 cipoe, treasure. 
 clam pap, strife. 
 cnocdn, a hillock, 
 co^ap, whisper. 
 
 23. paoa, long. 
 pile, a poet. 
 pocal, a word, 
 pollap, manifest, 
 popap, knowledge, 
 pupap, easy, 
 jalap, a disease, 
 gappun, a lad. 
 gapca, brisk, 
 jonca, wounded, 
 h-alla, a hall, 
 b-aca, a hat. 
 ingne, nails, claws. 
 
 colam, a dove, 
 c olann, the body, 
 copcdn, a small pot. 
 cuoog, a haddock. 
 cum a, indifferent, 
 cupan, a cup. 
 Dana, bold, impudent, 
 cap a, second. 
 Dile, a deluge. 
 Donap, misfortune. 
 Dopup, a door. 
 
 imp, an island, 
 inneinn, the mind, 
 lapca, lighted, 
 lapoj, a blaze. 
 licip, a letter, 
 mile, a mile, a thousand. 
 milip, sweet. 
 milpe, sweetness. 
 mine, smoothness. 
 mime, frequent. 
 mipe, I myself. 
 mipe, madness. 
 molca, praised. 
 
 24. mopdn, much, 
 muna, unless, 
 nopa, custom, 
 obann, sudden, 
 ocpap, hunger. 
 ola, oil. 
 olann, wool. 
 opDog, a thumb, 
 opap, junior, 
 op cap, the arm. 
 paplup, a parlour, 
 pobal, people. 
 
 poprdn, a crabfish. 
 popca, married, 
 poca, a pot. 
 punann, a sheaf, 
 pucog, a pudding, 
 papdn, a shrubbery, 
 pibe, a hair, 
 pagapc, a priest. 
 palann, salt. 
 pdpca, satisfied, 
 p^aodn, a herring. 
 pgilinj, a shilling. 
 
 25. f5^5, a farmer. 
 pirn 5 in, the chin. 
 
 pODap, trotting. 
 polap, light. 
 
OF THE LETTERS 
 
 poldp, comfort. 
 
 ponap, happiness. 
 
 ppapdn, a purse. 
 
 pponog, a spoon. 
 
 puooj, a cake. 
 
 pugcm, a straw rope. 
 
 cam all, awhile. 
 
 cipim, dry. 
 
 co bap, a well. 
 
 collca, pierced. u ,.^,,, < 
 
 copann, a noise. 1 ~~ c a ' or * 
 
 co pap, a journey, 
 cupna, a spinning-wheel, 
 cupa, thyself. 
 cuplo, a leap, 
 cuplon^, breakfast. 
 umao, about thee. 
 umal, obedient, 
 umpa, about them, 
 upldn, very full. 
 
 SECT. 4. Sounds of the long Diphthongs, and Spelling Ex- 
 ercises on them. 
 
 26. There are in Irish thirteen diphthongs, viz., ae, ai, 
 ao, ea, ei, eo, eu, la, 10, lu, 01, ua, ui; of which the fol- 
 lowing five, viz., ae, ao, eu, la, ua, are always long. The 
 remaining eight are sometimes long and sometimes short. 
 
 27. Diphthongs having their first vowel long are gene- 
 rally pronounced like dissyllables, thus: cairn, puap, 
 Spian, are faintly sounded, as if they were written ca-iin, 
 pu-ap, spi-an. 
 
 28. No vowels in Irish are doubled like those in the 
 English words poor, green, &c. Nor are any final vowels 
 suppressed in pronunciation, as those in the English words 
 hate, strike, &c., the Irish words oile, rrnpe, pince, &c., 
 being dissyllables. 
 
 29. The sounds of the five long diphthongs may be re- 
 presented in English as follows : 
 
 ae sounds like ai in pain, as lae, of a day. 
 ao . . . . ecu in tear, as paop, cheap. 
 eu . . . . a.yo in mayor, as jeup, sharp. 
 ia . . . . ee in seer, as ciall, sense. 
 ua . . . . ua in truant, as puap, cold. 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 30. Spelling exercises on the long diphthongs. 
 
 aep, the sky. 
 
 cpeuo, what. 
 
 aep, an age. 
 
 peup, grass. 
 
 lae, of a day. 
 
 geuj, a branch. 
 
 pe, the moon. 
 
 geup, sour. 
 
 aol, lime. 
 
 Tneup, a finger. 
 
 aon, one. 
 
 neul, a cloud. 
 
 blaop, husk. 
 
 paob, a rent. 
 
 bpaon, a drop. 
 
 peule, a star. 
 
 caol, slender. 
 
 peun, prosperity. 
 
 oaop, dear. 
 
 pjeul, a story. 
 
 maol, bald. 
 
 ppeup, the firmament. 
 
 poop, cheap. 
 
 cpeuo, a flock. 
 
 beul, the mouth. 
 
 ciall, sense. 
 
 31. cicm, far, distant. 
 
 buan, lasting. 
 
 oiap, two. 
 
 cuan, a bay. 
 
 51 all, the jaw. 
 
 cluap, an ear. 
 
 5picm, the sun. 
 
 cpuap, hardness. 
 
 mo, they. 
 
 Dual, duty. 
 
 iap, after- 
 
 ouan, a poem. 
 
 iap, a fish. 
 
 puap, cold. 
 
 nrnan, desire. 
 
 Spuaj, hair. 
 
 pian, pain. 
 
 ual, coal. 
 
 pi ape, a worm. 
 
 pcuab, a broom. 
 
 n>icm, a knife. 
 
 puan, sleep. 
 
 piap, west. 
 
 puap, up. 
 
 pi iap, the thigh. 
 
 ua, a grandson. 
 
 ppian, a rein. 
 
 uan, a lamb. 
 
 SECT. 5. Sounds of the variable Diphthongs, with Spelling 
 Exercises on them. 
 
 32. The sounds of the variable diphthongs may be nearly 
 represented in English as follows : 
 1. ai long, sounds like awi in drawing, as cdim, I am. 
 ai short, . . . a in fang, as pail, a willow. 
 or like i in calling, as lapaip, a light. 
 and sometimes, but seldom, as e in herd, thus, aip, upon. 
 
10 OF THE LETTERS 
 
 2. ea long, sounds as a in care, thus, pnap, a blackberry. 
 
 ea short, . . ea in heart, . . ceapc, right. 
 It is also sometimes obscure (See Chap. II. Sect. 1.) 
 3. ei long, sounds as ei in reign, thus, pem, se lf* 
 
 ei short, sounds like e in wreck, . . leip, with him. 
 4. eo long, sounds likeyeo in yeoman, thus, ceol, music. 
 
 eo short . . . ^ow in young, . . p eo, f^'s. 
 5. 10 long, sounds as ee in sgr, thus, pion, wine. 
 
 10 short, . . . i in mitt,' . . pi op, knowledge. 
 6. iu long, sounds like u in fr*we, as pciup, a helm. 
 
 lu short, . . . u in young, as pium, with me. 
 7. 01 long, sounds as oi ingoing, as c6i\\,just. 
 
 or as e in mile, as coill, a wood. 
 
 01 short, sounds like ui in 0m#, as coip, a crime. 
 
 seldom like ea in head, as cpoio, a fight. 
 
 8. ui long, sounds as ui in ruin, so 01115, jfoe.. 
 
 in short, ... ui in ^M/#, thus, puil, blood. 
 
 33. It is to be observed, that in some parts of Ireland 
 the diphthong ea short, and also the long c^ are in some 
 words pronounced nearly like ow in fowl: thus, ceann, 
 jleann, ball, dm, are pronounced in those places keown, 
 gloun, boul, oum ; but this pronunciation seems altogether 
 improper, and should be carefully avoided. 
 
 34. It is also to be here observed, that the letters b, p, m, 
 combined with ui, or aoi coming after them, are always 
 sounded like bw, fw, mw : as puil (fwill), blood; minp 
 (mwirr), the sea; baoip (bweesh), folly; paoi (fwee), under; 
 maoin (mween), property. 
 
 35. Spelling exercises on the variable diphthongs. 
 
 aill, a cliff. 
 aic, a place, 
 cam, a fine, 
 caill, a name. 
 
 cdic, where. 
 cnaib, hemp, 
 cpain, a sow. 
 pail, a ring. 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 11 
 
 pdipc, a field. 
 paipc, a part, 
 pamc, covetousness. 
 p^ail, a shadow. 
 ppdio, a street, 
 cdip, thou art. 
 aip, backwards. 
 aic, pleasant. 
 bail, prosperity. 
 cailc, chalk. 
 
 36. oean, make or do. 
 oeap, a tear. 
 eao, jealousy. 
 05, death. 
 
 can, a bird, 
 lean, misery. 
 meao, quantity, 
 peon, deny. 
 pmeap, blackberry. 
 ceao, a rope, 
 cpeap, third. 
 bean, a woman, 
 bpeac, speckled. 
 ceao, permission. 
 
 37. leac, with you. 
 meap, swift, active, 
 meap, estimation. 
 Tneap, mix. 
 neao, a nest, 
 neapc, strength. 
 peann, a pen. 
 pean, old. 
 
 peapc, love. 
 peap, stand, 
 ppeal, a scythe, 
 ceap, heat. 
 beic, a cry. 
 beim, a blow. 
 ceip, wax. 
 
 came, talk. 
 
 oaip, an oak. 
 
 oaipc, a clod. 
 
 pail, a beam. 
 
 pcaip, a history. 
 
 ai p, upon. 
 
 bpaon, a drop. 
 
 bpeaj, a lie. 
 
 ceao, a hundred ; first. 
 
 ceapo, a trade. 
 
 ceann, a head, 
 ceap, a last, 
 ceapc, a hen. 
 ceapc, right, 
 cleap, a game, play, 
 oealj, a thorn, 
 oeapj, red. 
 oeap, nice. 
 opeam, people. 
 peao, a whistle, 
 peap, a man. 
 peapj, anger. 
 5eal, white. 
 5ean, love. 
 
 cleip, the clergy, 
 ceip, a sow. 
 oeipc, alms, 
 eipc, listen, 
 pei I, a feast. 
 jeip, a swan, 
 leip, the whole, 
 leij, let. 
 me 10, bulk, 
 peip, last night. 
 beipc, two. 
 ceip, a basket, 
 ceipc, a question, 
 cleir, a feather, 
 cpeio, believe. 
 
12 
 
 OF THE LETTERS 
 
 38. jem, beget. 
 leip, with him. 
 peic, sell thou. 
 beo, alive. 
 ceo, a fog. 
 ceol, music. 
 oeop, a tear. 
 leo, with them, 
 leop, enough, 
 peo, this. 
 ciop, a comb, 
 ciop, rent. 
 cpion, withered. 
 
 39. pionn, fair. 
 
 pi op, knowledge. 
 liom, with me. 
 1 1 op, a fort. 
 pioc, with thee. 
 PSpiop, destruction. 
 pioc, frost. 
 01 ul, sucking, 
 piu, worthy, 
 lul, knowledge. 
 piu, -with them, 
 pi up, a sister. 
 pciup, a helm, 
 cpiup, three persons. 
 
 40. loic, wound, 
 coil, will, 
 eoipc, bulk, 
 oil, nurture, 
 oip, east. 
 pcoipm, a storm, 
 cpoio, a fight. 
 cui^, five, 
 cuip, cause. 
 Dull, desire, 
 oumn, to us. 
 
 ofol, pay. 
 Diom, from me. 
 pfon, wine, 
 pfop, true, 
 foe, rent, payment. 
 Ifon, fill. 
 ptob, a pipe, 
 pep fob, a scratch, 
 piol, seed, 
 piop, down. 
 biop, a spit. 
 cion, love, 
 cpiop, a girdle. 
 
 coip, right, 
 poil, a while, 
 jloip, glory. 
 moio, a vow. 
 mom, turf, 
 no in, evening, 
 roip, search. 
 coic, smoke. 
 Co ill, a wood. 
 moill, delay, 
 poinn, portion, 
 coip, a crime. 
 5010, theft. 
 50 ip, call. 
 
 puil, an eye. 
 puipc, a flail, 
 cuip, incense. 
 binlj, bellows, 
 cluin, hear, 
 cpuic, a harp, 
 cu 10, a part, 
 cuip, put. 
 opuio, shut. 
 opuim,.the back, 
 ouin an oak. 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 13 
 
 ouic, to thee. 
 puil, blood. 
 muip, the sea. 
 
 pluio, a blanket, 
 cuic, a fall. 
 
 SECT. 6. Of the Triphthongs, and Spelling Exercises on 
 them. 
 
 41. There are in Irish five triphthongs, viz., aoi, eoi, 
 mi, lui, and uai, which are always long. The following 
 table exhibits the sounds corresponding to them in English. 
 
 aoi answers to ee in keep, as in aoip, age. 
 eoi . . . yeo in. yeoman, with i after it, as peoil, 
 ico . . . . eei in seeing, as in oicul, a dial. 
 iin . . . . iewi in viewing, as in ciuin, mild. 
 uai . . . ui in ruin, as in cuaipc, a visit. 
 or sometimes as i in dine, so uaic ?c /r0m thee. 
 
 42. Spelling exercises. 
 
 aoi, an island. 
 cxo ip, age. 
 bcroip, folly. 
 cccoi, method, 
 caoil, the waist, 
 caoin, gentle, 
 cuaoi, consumption, 
 op aoi, a druid. 
 paoi, under. 
 gaoil, kindred, 
 maoil, a heap. 
 maoin, wealth, 
 naoi, nine, 
 beoip, beer. 
 ceoil, songs. 
 eoinn, birds. 
 peoil, flesh. 
 
 peoio, jewels. 
 peoil, sails. 
 cpeoip, a guide. 
 biail, an axe. 
 oiail, a dial. 
 ciuin, mild. 
 buail, strike. 
 buain, reaping. 
 buaipe, affliction. 
 cluam, a plain. 
 puaim, a sound. 
 puaip, found. 
 juaip, danger. 
 
 , from me. 
 
 time. 
 
 an hour. 
 
 from thee. 
 
 uam, 
 uaip, 
 
14 
 
 OF THE LETTERS 
 
 SECT. 7. Spelling Exercises on the Diphthongs, 
 lies. 
 
 43. Dissyllables with one diphthong. 
 
 Dissi/lla- 
 
 abcnp, say. 
 cuce, with her. 
 cncio, disease. 
 cn^e, with him. 
 cupe, care, 
 cnmpip, time, 
 aiplmj, a vision, 
 aluinn, handsome, 
 bcnle, a town, 
 bcnne, milk, 
 bainip, a wedding, 
 biolctp, cresses. 
 biopdn, a pin. 
 bpiongloo, a vision. 
 builtn, a loaf. 
 
 cculfn, a girl. 
 
 cappcnc, a rock. 
 
 ceile, together, a spouse. 
 
 cionup, how. 
 
 cionog, a very small coin. 
 
 comin, a rabbit. 
 
 coipce, oats. 
 
 copceim, a footstep. 
 
 cpeioim, I believe. 
 
 cpiona, wise. 
 
 oeaptnao, forgetfulness. 
 
 oeipip, haste. 
 
 ouille, a leaf. 
 
 ouine, a man. 
 
 eaocm, the face. 
 
 44. eajna, wisdom. 
 eapbog, a bishop, 
 eile, other, 
 eolup, knowledge, 
 fame, a ring, 
 pcnppge, the sea. 
 paippinj, wide, 
 pallet m 5, a cloak, 
 peapann, land, 
 peapoj, the beard, 
 p^ioip, ability. 
 popjccil, open (verb). 
 ppeagpa, an answer, 
 jcule, the stomach, 
 geappcm, a hack horse, 
 a servant. 
 
 tp, prudence, 
 glome, a glass. 
 gualct, a shoulder. 
 lomao, much, 
 lon^a, a nail. 
 laioip, strong. 
 lapaip, a light. 
 leanaim, I follow. 
 leine, a shirt. 
 leipje, laziness. 
 maioe, a stick. 
 Tnmom, a morning, 
 maille, with, 
 meaccm, a carrot, 
 nip, &c. 
 
 pars- 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 15 
 
 45. miolcoj, a midge. 
 mumnnp, people, 
 ncupe, shame, 
 nomfn, a daisy. 
 obaip, a work. 
 6156, youth, 
 paipoe, a child, 
 pioppa, a pear, 
 piopa, a piece, 
 poipin, a small potato. 
 peilij, a churchyard, 
 pjiobol, a barn, 
 piopa, a shop. 
 plamce, health. 
 plaooan, a cough. 
 plea^dn, a shell. 
 
 ploine, a sirname. 
 pluccpao, a shovel. 
 pocaip, quiet. 
 ppioeoj, a nightingale, 
 pp'onann, a gooseberry 
 
 bush. 
 
 ppiopao, a spirit, 
 ceajapj, teaching, 
 ceampoll, a church, 
 ceanga, a tongue. 
 ciomna, a will, 
 cm nee an, a hearth, 
 cu lie, a flood, more, 
 cuijpe, 
 uctpctl, noble, 
 uipge, water. 
 
 understanding. 
 
 46. Dissyllables with two diphthongs. 
 
 cunjectl, an angel. 
 cup 5100, silver, money. 
 cnpneip, cattle, furniture, 
 buioeal, a bottle. 
 caipoeap, friendship, 
 caipledn, a castle, 
 comneal, a candle, 
 comleoip, a candlestick. 
 cpoiceann, the skin, 
 cuileog, a fly. 
 cumneoj, a churn, 
 oectccnp, difHcult. 
 ooinean, foul weather. 
 eajlcup, a church. 
 
 puineoj, a window. 
 mumeal, the neck, 
 oipeao, so much, 
 pdipeip, paper, 
 pecmmoip. a sermon, 
 pei peal, a chapel, 
 p^piobcuip, scripture, 
 pome an, fine weather, 
 poipjeul, the gospel, 
 puipeap, supper, 
 coipmeapj, hindrance, 
 cpionoio, the Trinity. 
 uillean, an elbow. 
 uipeoj, a lark. 
 
16 
 
 OF THE LETTERS 
 
 SECT. 8. Short Phrases and Sentences. 
 
 47. cia pin? 
 50 oe pin? 
 50 oe pin ope? 
 ponccp ope. 
 plan I ear. 
 oean oeipip. 
 cap an i op. 
 ei^ aip aip. 
 na bpip e. 
 beip leac e. 
 an pfop pin? 
 ca me papoa. 
 ca pe plan, 
 na cpeio e. 
 
 48. 50 oe an uaip. 
 ea pe mall, 
 pan 50 pocaip. 
 ip eijm oom. 
 cap anaice liom. 
 ca pe a^am. 
 
 ca pe uaim. 
 na oean oeapmao. 
 ca eajla opm. 
 ip coil liom. 
 ma 'p coil leac. 
 ca peapg aip. 
 
 49. ca h-aoip ouic? 
 na li-abaip pin. 
 
 Who is that? 
 
 What is that? 
 
 What ails you? 
 
 Good fortune to you. 
 
 Good bye to you. 
 
 Make haste. 
 
 Come up. 
 
 Come back. 
 
 Do not break it. 
 
 Take it with you. 
 
 Is that true? 
 
 I am satisfied. 
 
 He is well. 
 
 Do not believe it (or him.) 
 
 What is the hour ? 
 
 It is late. 
 
 Stay quietly. 
 
 I must. 
 
 Come near me. 
 
 I have it. 
 
 I want it. 
 
 Do not forget. 
 
 I am afraid. 
 
 I wish. 
 
 If you wish. 
 
 He is angry. 
 
 What is your age? 
 Do not say that. 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 17 
 
 an ail tear e? 
 ni h-ail liom e. 
 pan liom camall. 
 popgail an oopup. 
 opuio an oopup. 
 ca cape opm. 
 peio an eeine. 
 pu 5 pe leip e\ 
 ea cion agam ope. 
 ea eolup agam aip. 
 
 50. ceao mile pculee. 
 
 ca pao ap po e ? 
 ip cuma liom pin. 
 cairn 05 oul anoip. 
 ca pe 05 pioc. 
 cao ip amm ouic? 
 cao DO pmne cu? 
 oean pin 50 ceapc. 
 ca ouil again ann. 
 ip po aic liom e. 
 cionap ca pe anoip? 
 ca pe niop peapp. 
 
 Do you like it. 
 I do not like it. 
 Wait a while for me. 
 Open the door. 
 Shut the door. 
 I am thirsty. 
 Blow the fire. 
 He took it with him. 
 I am fond of you. 
 I know it (or him.) 
 
 51. an i po oo pjianpa ? 
 meapaim jup b'e. 
 cfa ap leip an maioe 
 
 po? 
 
 ip liom pern e. 
 cia b'e le'p mian 6. 
 cuippao piop aip. 
 
 A hundred thousand wel- 
 comes. 
 
 How far is it from this? 
 That is little matter to me. 
 I am going now. 
 It is freezing. 
 What is your name? 
 What have you done? 
 Do that rightly. 
 I have a desire for it. 
 I like it very much. 
 How is he now? 
 He is better. 
 
 Is this your knife ? 
 
 I think it is [or, that it is he.] 
 
 Whose is this stick ? 
 
 It is my own. 
 Whoever has a niiiid. 
 I will send for him. 
 c 2 
 
18 
 
 OF THE LETTERS 
 
 oeanpao ma'p peioip. 
 nil neapc ajam aip. 
 cuip ope DO h-aca. 
 geapp apdn ip im. 
 cinnup rd cu, 
 pan annpin 50 poll. 
 
 I will do it if possible. 
 I cannot help it. 
 Put on your hat. 
 Cut bread and butter. 
 How are you ? 
 Stay there awhile. 
 
 52. nil oeipip mop opm. 
 ni piu biopdn e. 
 cia h-i an cailin pin ? 
 cia h-iao na oaomepe ? 
 ip liompa e pin. 
 an e pin e ? 
 ni he pin 4. 
 
 an meapan cu map pin ? 
 ni abpaim niop mo. 
 ma cd p-e map a oeip 
 
 cu. 
 
 cpeuo ip ciall oe pin ? 
 ip Idioip an peap e. 
 ip oeap an cailin i pin. 
 an mfan leac gloine 
 
 piona ? 
 
 53. cpeo pd a pinrie cu pin ? 
 na peap eaopom 'p a 
 
 ceine. 
 
 nil aon-oume ann pin. 
 ip jlic na oaoine fao. 
 ip oaoine jglioca fao. 
 coj leac e ajup pdil- 
 ce. 
 
 I am in no great hurry. 
 
 It is not worth a pin. 
 
 Who is that girl ? 
 
 Who are these people ? 
 
 That is mine. 
 
 Is that it ? 
 
 That is not it. 
 
 Do you think so ? 
 
 I say no more. 
 
 If it be as you say. 
 
 What is the meaning of that? 
 He is a strong man. 
 That is a nice girl. 
 Do you wish for a glass of 
 wine ? 
 
 Why did you do that ? 
 
 Do not stand between me and 
 the fire. 
 
 There is no person there. 
 
 They are sensible people. 
 
 They are sensible people. 
 
 Take it with you and wel- 
 come. 
 
IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORMS, ETC. 
 
 19 
 
 ca pe 'n am ppomne. 
 ca 50 leop ajam oe. 
 ip <5eup an pgian i po. 
 ca me ap anail 50 
 
 h-iomlan. 
 pinne pe map pin. 
 ip olc an aimpip i po. 
 
 It is dinner time. 
 I have enough of it. 
 This is a sharp knife. 
 I am quite out of breath. 
 
 He did so. 
 
 This is bad weather. 
 
 54. ip pine e na mipe. 
 
 ip eipion an ce ip oije 
 
 aca. 
 
 'pi cm cf ip oeipe aca. 
 ip pollup gup peap 
 
 coip e. 
 cuip an coipe aip a 
 
 ceine. 
 cionap ca piao 50 
 
 h-uile ? 
 cao ip amm oe *n aic 
 
 po? 
 cao pa ap lei^ cu 
 
 uaic e ? 
 50 oe lappap cu aip 
 
 r o? 
 
 50 oe ap ice cu aip ? 
 a pug cu an bame 
 
 leac? "Rugap. 
 'pe po an paoo a oeip 
 
 pe. 
 
 He is older than I. 
 
 He is the youngest of them. 
 
 She is the nicest of them. 
 It is evident that he is an up- 
 right man. 
 Put the kettle on the fire. 
 
 How are they all ? 
 
 What is the name of this 
 
 place ? 
 Why did you let him go from 
 
 you ? 
 What do you ask for this ? 
 
 What did you pay for it ? 
 Did you bring the milk ? I 
 
 did. 
 This is what he says. 
 
20 OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 OF ASPIRATION, AND THE CHANGES PRODUCED BY IT IN THE 
 SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS. 
 
 SECT. 1 Of the Sounds of Aspirated Letters. 
 
 55. The letters b, c, o, p, 5, m, p, p, c, are called muta- 
 lle consonants, from the complete change or loss of their 
 original sounds which they suffer in certain positions. The 
 alterations thus introduced are effected in a two-fold man- 
 ner, viz., either by aspiration or eclipsis : the former of 
 these we shall now consider. 
 
 56. A consonant is said to be aspirated when the change 
 of sound is indicated by a dot placed over it, thus b, c, 6, 
 &c. ; or by the letter h written after it. The powers of 
 the aspirated letters are as follows : 
 
 57. b and m joined with broad vowels, in the beginning 
 and middle of words, have generally the sound of w, as mo 
 bao, my boat, pronounced mo waudh ; labpaim (lowrim), 
 I speak ; mo riiac (mo woe), my son; amain (awauin), 
 alone. 
 
 The same letters, when connected with slender vowels, 
 or at the end of words, sound for the most part like v; as 
 bioap (veedhar), they were; pliab (shleeuv), a mountain; 
 mo rheup (mo veur), my finger ; lairh (lawiv), of a hand. 
 
 58. m is often silent in the middle of words, especially 
 in the preposition com, as comappa (co-mz), a neighbour: 
 at the end of words after a broad vowel it has a peculiar 
 
OF ASPIRATION. 21 
 
 sound like that of w, followed by a very slender sound of 
 v, as naom (neeow'v), a saint; lam (laitfv), a hand. 
 
 59. c before or after a broad vowel has the rough sound 
 ofgh in lough; as luc (Zugh), a mouse; mo cop (mo ghus], 
 my foot. 
 
 c connected with a slender vowel is little more than a 
 strong aspirate sound ; as cim (heem), I see ; mo cean 
 (mogh-yan), my head; t>eic (dyeti), ten. 
 
 60. 6 and in the beginning of a word or syllable, fol- 
 lowed by a broad vowel, have a peculiar sound to which 
 there is no equivalent in English. The nearest approach 
 to it may be found in the strong guttural sound ofgh, fol- 
 lowed by a slight sound of w in some cases, as mo 50 pc 
 (pronounced somewhat like mogh-wortJi), my field ; mo oun 
 (mogh woori), my fort. 
 
 6 and 5 in the beginning of words connected with small 
 vowels, have the sound of the consonant y ; as po 6 ear-, 
 very nice, pronounced ro yas; mo iolla (mo yilld), my 
 servant. 
 
 61. In the middle and end of words these two aspirated 
 letters are not sounded as consonants ; but either serve 
 merely to modify the sounds of vowel combinations, or else 
 are entirely suppressed in the pronunciation. 
 
 ao in the beginning of uneompounded words before a 
 broad vowel, or before the letters I, n, p, and 5, sounds like 
 the English i in mine. Thus ccoapc, a horn, is pronounced 
 l-urk; paoapc, sight, pronounced ri-urk; and so aopaim 
 (i-rum), I adore; aolacaim (ilakim), I bury; caoj ( Thig\ 
 Teigue or Thady. 
 
 62. OD is sometimes similarly pronounced ; as oocm (lan\ 
 a caldron. 
 
 63. ao ending in a word has the obscure sound of a in 
 
 as bcelao, a smell, pronounced bolla ; geappat) 
 
22 OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 )i cutting: eao sounds like ew in sinew, as pmneao, 
 was made, pronounced (rin-you). 
 
 64. In such instances as the following, 6 and 5 are 
 altogether silent: piaonuipe, witness, pronounced fee-a- 
 nishe ; paio (faw-ee), a prophet ; bioim (bee-ini), I am 
 usually ; ti^eapna (thee-ar-nd), a lord ; pi 5 (ree), a king ; 
 aTnui$(am-wee), out; puie (seeya), sitting ; cpoioe (kree), 
 the heart; buioe (bwee), yellow; pldnu jao (slau-noo), sal- 
 vation ; the termination ujao being little more in sound 
 than a lengthened u. 
 
 65. aai6, the face, is pronounced like the English word 
 eye : this is in accordance with the preceding observations, 
 for the word, though always spelt with a , must have been 
 originally UDCIID, as appears from the analogy of other lan- 
 guages, (Greek g^o ? ), &c. 
 
 66. p is altogether silent, as an peile, the festival, pro- 
 nounced an ay-la. 
 
 67. p has the sound of ph or/J as mo pup, my lip, pro- 
 nounced rnofoos. 
 
 68. p and r always sound like h, as a pal, his heel, pro- 
 nounced a hall; mo rijeapna (mo heerna), my lord. 
 
 68, No primitive words in Irish are found to contain p 
 or p ; although some words introduced from other lan- 
 guages are improperly spelt with p, as phaipipmeac, a 
 Pharisee, &c. ; these words ought to be written with an p. 
 The error of the former method appears plainly in the vo- 
 catives of these words, in which the first consonant is com- 
 pletely silent, they being pronounced as if written with 
 ph, as a Phaipipmij. 
 
OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 23 
 
 SECT. 2. Spelling Exercises on the Aspirates. 
 
 70. Monosyllables. 
 
 balb, dumb. 
 
 bi, was. 
 
 cpaob, a branch. 
 
 oub, black. 
 
 5ab, take. 
 
 lib, with you. 
 
 mapb, dead. 
 
 pcub, was. 
 
 pib, you. 
 
 pliab, a mountain. 
 
 caob, a side. 
 
 u & an e gg- 
 ace, but. 
 
 Tl.jac, each. 
 loc, a lake. 
 luc, a mouse. 
 TTIOC, early, 
 nac, not. 
 neac, any person. 
 noc, who. 
 
 noco, night, naked. 
 oco, eight. 
 pioco, shape. 
 feac, aside. 
 peace, seven. 
 pgeac, a bush. 
 
 72. cpiao, clay. 
 cpoioe, a heart. 
 paio, a prophet. 
 peao, extent. 
 f irto, a deer, 
 peiom, use. 
 pleao, a feast. 
 o, business. 
 
 be etc, a bee. 
 bo co, poor, 
 cloc, a stone, 
 cpioc, the end. 
 cpuac, a rick, 
 oeic, ten. 
 oeoc, a drink, 
 opuce, dew. 
 eac, a horse, 
 peuc, behold. 
 f iac, a debt. 
 pi me, wet. 
 cold. 
 
 plioco, progeny. 
 ceac, a house. 
 ceacc, coming, 
 cpaco, converse, 
 uce, the breast. 
 06, good luck. 
 buo, love. 
 be 16, will be. 
 biao, food. 
 bioo, let it be. 
 buaio, victory, 
 buioe, yellow, 
 caoio, lamentation. 
 
 5pao, love, 
 mo, a thing, 
 nuao, new. 
 pcio, a saying. 
 pei 6, ready, 
 ptiao, red. 
 peao, yes. 
 bpeaj, fine. 
 
24 
 
 OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 bpi, virtue. 
 oea, good. 
 oeoi, conclusion. 
 oiai, end. 
 DOIJ, opinion. 
 laoj, a calf. 
 
 73. rlea, a spear. 
 plua, a troop. 
 
 , juice. 
 
 , sit. 
 , thick. 
 
 i, strand. 
 
 pity. 
 uam, a cave. 
 am, raw. 
 cnairii, bone. 
 oavh, an ox. 
 ppearh, a root. 
 gniorh, an act. 
 
 74. cair, cliaiF. 
 car, a battle. 
 cior, a shower. 
 cliar, a hurdle. 
 cpior, trembling. 
 cpur, form. 
 oar, colour. 
 per, a sinew. 
 puar, hatred. 
 $ur, voice. 
 
 ir, eat. 
 lear, half. 
 liar, grey. 
 luair, ashes. 
 
 , read. 
 
 , a physician. 
 na, a field, 
 o^, perfect, pure, 
 pig, a king. 
 
 lam, a hand, 
 naorh, a saint, 
 neam, heaven, 
 neirh, poison. 
 pi am, ever, 
 pam, pleasant. 
 pjeim, beauty, 
 pnam, swimming. 
 uaim, a den. 
 ar, a ford, 
 bir, existence, 
 blar, blossom, 
 bpar, judgment. 
 
 mair, good, 
 meir, fat. 
 pi or, a race, 
 por, a wheel, 
 pair, enough, 
 pciar, a wing, 
 pjar, a shadow, 
 pior, peace, 
 pnair, a thread, 
 ppur, a stream, 
 reir, hot. 
 cpar, time. 
 cua, a hatchet, 
 cuar, a country. 
 
 SECT. 3 Initial Aspirates. 
 
 75. DO bao, thy boat. 
 a bap, his death. 
 
 an bean, the woman. 
 mo be ul, my mouth. 
 
OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 25 
 
 a blap, his taste. 
 a blar, his blossom. 
 a bo, his cow. 
 mo bpac, my cloak. 
 mo bpon, my sorrow. 
 oo beir, to be. 
 mo cae, my cat. 
 a ceao, his permission. 
 a ceann, his head. 
 mo ciop, my comb. 
 mo ciop, my rent. 
 oo copp, thy body. 
 
 76. ca pao, how long. 
 an pail, the ring. 
 an peil, the feast. 
 m' peap, my husband. 
 a pip, O man. 
 po pliuc, very wet. 
 a pole, his hair. 
 po puap, very cold. 
 an puil, the blood. 
 po jann, very scarce. 
 mo jean, my love. 
 mo 51 all, iny jaw. 
 oo jlac, took. 
 oo 5010, stole. 
 
 77. po mair, very well. 
 po moc, very early. 
 mo pcnpc, my field. 
 mo peann, my pen. 
 mo pian, my pain. 
 a piob, his pipe. 
 an pluc, the cheek. 
 mo pog, my kiss. 
 mo pope, my tune. 
 oo pup, thy lip. 
 mo pal, my heel 
 a paoi, sir. 
 
 a cop, his foot. 
 
 mo cu, my hound. 
 
 mo cuio, my portion. 
 
 pa cul, backwards. 
 
 a oaio, his father. 
 
 o oeap, from the south. 
 
 mo oeoc, my drink. 
 
 mo oeip, my right hand. 
 
 pa 60, twice. 
 
 mo oopnn, my fist. 
 
 mo oun, my fort. 
 
 po oub, very black. 
 
 an jpian, the sun. 
 oo jab, seized, 
 an jaor, the wind, 
 oo jnar, usually. 
 mo jpao, my love. 
 a mac, his son, 
 a mapc, his beef. 
 ca meio, how much. 
 mo meup, my finger. 
 oo mian, thy desire. 
 a mic, O son. 
 oo rhnaoi, to a woman, 
 po mop, very great, 
 a muc, his pig. 
 
 mo piup, my sister. 
 oo plac, thy rod. 
 o pom, since. 
 oo ppon, thy nose, 
 mo puil, my eye. 
 oo puio, sat. 
 oo rip, thy country, 
 oo rog, took. 
 mo roil, my will, 
 oo ruj, gave, 
 pa cpi, thrice. 
 oo cuic, fell. 
 
26 
 
 OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 o rup, from the beginning. 
 mo eaob, my side. 
 
 po reir, very hot. 
 po riu j, too thick. 
 
 SECT. 4 Short Sentences with aspirated Monosyllables. 
 
 78. ca pe moc. 
 lei 5 6am. 
 bi oo rope, 
 ca paib cu? 
 ma 15 leac. 
 maie 50 leop. 
 ni 15 liom. 
 puio 50 pocaip. 
 eaipng an cloj. 
 bail o Ohia ope. 
 ce pin aj eeace? 
 ni'l a piop ajam. 
 50 oe a clog e ? 
 bioo pe map pin. 
 ni'l pe peio pop. 
 ca'p paj cu e ? 
 o'uai me mo oaorain. 
 cia aca bi ann ? 
 cuiple mo cpoioe. 
 ma 'p e oo coil e. 
 ip cpua liom pin. 
 na bio6 ea^jla ope. 
 ca an leanb a gul. 
 ip ceir an aimpip i. 
 
 79. ca meio ip piu 100 ? 
 an paib puace ope ? 
 ra mo pair ajam oe. 
 ce'p leip an nj pin ? 
 
 It is early. 
 
 Let me alone. 
 
 Be silent. 
 
 Where have you been ? 
 
 If you can. 
 
 Very well. 
 
 I cannot. 
 
 Sit still. 
 
 Pull the bell. 
 
 God bless you. 
 
 Who is that coming ? 
 
 I don't know. 
 
 What o'clock is it ? 
 
 Let it be so. 
 
 He is not ready yet. 
 
 Where did you leave it ? 
 
 I ate enough. 
 
 Which of them was there ? 
 
 Vein of my heart. 
 
 If you please. 
 
 I am sorry for that. 
 
 Do not fear. 
 
 The child is crying. 
 
 It is warm weather. 
 
 How much are they worth? 
 Were you cold ? 
 I have enough of it. 
 Whose house is that ? 
 
OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 27 
 
 buo mair liom a beir. 
 puio flop le mo raob. 
 oo bi bean oeap cuge. 
 beio me leac 50 ^oipio. 
 ni peioip leo janabeic. 
 nac loppaio cu niop mo ? 
 peuc an jpian aj oul 
 
 paoi. 
 
 ni'l cu com aopcaliompa. 
 ]p paoa liom a o'pan cu. 
 an can oo buail pe e. 
 caipbean 6am an pjian 
 
 pin 0500. 
 DO bi a jpuaj com oub 
 
 le jual. 
 ip mo an jpao ca a^am- 
 
 pa ope na ca aijepan. 
 ip mo jnao ca ajam 
 
 opcpa na aippean. 
 50 oe aip a bpuil pib a 
 
 cpaco ? 
 ip e po an peap a cap 
 
 opainn anoe. 
 
 I would wish to be. 
 Sit down by my side. 
 He had a pretty wife. 
 I will be with you soon. 
 They cannot but be. 
 Will you not eat more ? 
 See the sun setting. 
 
 You are not as old as I am. 
 I think you staid too long. 
 When he beat him. 
 Shew me that knife you 
 
 have. 
 Her hair was coal black. 
 
 I love you more than he. 
 I love you more than him. 
 What are you talking of? 
 
 This is the man that met us 
 yesterday. 
 
 SECT. 5 Spelling Exercises Aspirated Dissyllables. 
 
 80. aball, an apple, 
 aoapc, a horn. 
 aomao, timber. 
 ajmap, lucky. 
 amac, out. 
 amain, alone, only. 
 amainn, a river, 
 ampap, doubt, 
 amuij, out. 
 
 anbpann, feeble, 
 aoibmn, pleasant, 
 aoibneap, joy. 
 apbap, corn, 
 eapcu, an eel. 
 apceac, within. 
 araip, a father, 
 baojal, danger. 
 bacac, laine, a cripple. 
 
28 
 
 OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 balao, a smell, 
 bealac, a way. 
 becmnaco, blessing. 
 beara, life, 
 blarac, buttermilk, 
 bliaoain, a year. 
 
 81. bponac, sorrowful, 
 bpui^ce, boiled. 
 buacail, a boy. 
 buioeac, thankful, 
 buailio, a dairy. 
 bucnlcean, a flail, 
 cailleac, a hag. 
 ccroippeoil, mutton. 
 caraip, a city. 
 ceaccap, either. 
 cioncac, guilty, 
 claippeac, a harp, 
 cliabdn, a cradle. 
 cloioearh, a sword. 
 eoioce, always, ever. 
 
 82. oeacac, smoke. 
 
 oeivhin, certain, true. 
 oeipbpup, a sister. 
 oeipeao, end. 
 oiorhaoin, idle. 
 ooil^iop, affliction. 
 oomam, deep. 
 Dorhan, the world. 
 oorhnac, Sunday. 
 oaorccm, sufficiency, 
 oorcap, hope. 
 opoicioo, a bridge. 
 oubcnpe, said. 
 eaoac, clothes. 
 eaoriiap, jealous. 
 
 bordn, a hut. 
 borap, a road, 
 bpaoac, roguish. 
 bpajao, the bosom, 
 bpeireaiin, a judge. 
 bpomac, a colt. 
 
 coileac, a cock, 
 coimecto, keep. 
 coiinpaD, conversation, 
 copmuil, like. 
 corhrpom, just, equal, 
 cpiarap, a sieve, 
 cpuicneaco, wheat, 
 cuiirme, memory, 
 cunianj, narrow, 
 cuppra, weary, 
 curac, furious, 
 oaoao, a trifle, a jot. 
 ocnobip, poor. 
 oarh pa, dancing, 
 oanacc, boldness. 
 
 eallac, cattle, 
 eappac, spring. 
 ein-neac, any one. 
 eipje, rising, 
 eipij, arise ! 
 eipoeacc, audience, 
 eocaip, a key. 
 paicceap, fear, 
 papac, a desert, 
 peapram, rain, 
 piaoain, wild, 
 pirce, twenty, 
 plaireap, heaven, 
 po^laim, learning, 
 polam, empty. 
 
 83. 
 
 a smith. 
 
 a goat, 
 
OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 2<J 
 
 jaocuoe, a thief. 
 jabap, a hound, 
 gecdac, the inoon. 
 jearnap, grass-corn. 
 jeappiao, a hare. 
 jeirhpe, winter, 
 gopao, heat, warming. 
 jpiopac, burning embers, 
 511 me, a prayer, 
 ictpacc, a loan. 
 inpip, marriageable, 
 in^ecm, a daughter. 
 locoap, bottom. 
 longnao, wonder. 
 
 84. mapcac, a horseman. 
 mapgcto, a market. 
 mapcpeoil, beef. 
 marcwp, a mother. 
 meaoon, the middle. 
 mearhcup, memory, 
 meapbal, a mistake. 
 Tnirio, time, 
 moinpeup, a meadow, 
 mullac, a hill. 
 naoioin, an infant. 
 naorhra, holy. 
 nearhjlan, unclean, 
 neapcriiccp, powerful. 
 neirhjlic, unwise. 
 
 lomrhum, beloved. 
 lonriiup, wealth, 
 laca, a duck, 
 leccbap, a book, 
 leacan, broad, 
 learap, leather. 
 
 n, a lesson. 
 
 p, a cure, 
 leoman, a lion, 
 lucurpeao, ashes, dust. 
 luie, lying. 
 maoao, a dog. 
 mcugoecm, a maiden, 
 mapac, morrow. 
 
 nuaioeacc, news, 
 ocpac, hungry, 
 ooan, a pan. 
 oioce, night, 
 oioeacc, lodging, 
 oiope, an heir, 
 oiopeacc, an inheritance, 
 opuib, upon you. 
 paprap, paradise. 
 peacac, sinful. 
 peacao, sin. 
 pm^in, a penny, 
 popao, marriage, 
 ppeacctn, a crow, 
 paoapc, sight. 
 
 85. paire, a quarter of a year, 
 pecmnctp, fat. 
 pio^acD, a kingdom. 
 pcuobip, rich. 
 paojal, the world. 
 palac, dirty. 
 parhpao, summer. 
 pjopnac, the throat. 
 peaccmum, a week. 
 
 D2 
 
 peappac, a foal, 
 pecmcup, antiquity, 
 p^aidn, a mirror, 
 pioccdin, peace, 
 pionnac, a fox. 
 pnarao, a needle, 
 pneacca, snow, 
 poijreac, a vessel, 
 pu a im neap, tranquillity. 
 
30 
 
 OP ASPIRATION. 
 
 cpop^ao, fasting, 
 cuippeac, tired, 
 uaccap, top, cream, 
 uame, green, 
 ualac, a burden. 
 uarbap, wonder, 
 uirhip, number, 
 ullam, ready. 
 unial, humble. 
 upnaije, prayer. 
 
 SECT. 6. Exercises in Reading. 
 
 puioe, sitting. 
 cabcup, give, 
 calam, land, 
 capaio, quick, 
 ceallac, a hearth. 
 cimceal, about. 
 coipneac, thunder. 
 copparh, a wake, 
 copac, beginning, 
 cpaicnin, a little straw. 
 
 86. imcig pomao. 
 labaip a mac. 
 ni cuigim cu. 
 peacam cu pein. 
 m pupap a pao. 
 paj an bealac. 
 50 maipeao cu. 
 lap an comneal. 
 cuip ap an comneal. 
 popjail an pumeoj. 
 cap a piubal liom. 
 ni pacaio me e. 
 ca paoa pacaio cu ? 
 an pacaio mipe leac. 
 na ce amac 50 poill. 
 in oeapna me e. 
 ca pe aj peapcam. 
 ca h-uaip a o-imcij pe? 
 an labpan cu ^aoioilj? 
 ceaoam 7 n a baile. 
 beio peapcam ajumn. 
 ca paioe o popao i ? 
 
 Go on. 
 Speak out. 
 
 I do not understand you. 
 Mind yourself. 
 It is not easy to say. 
 Leave the way. , 
 That you may live. 
 Light the candle. 
 Put out the candle. 
 Open the window. 
 Come walk with me. 
 I did not see him. 
 How far will you go ? 
 Shall I go with you ? 
 Do not go out for awhile. 
 I did not do it. 
 It is raining. 
 When did he go ? 
 Do you speak Irish ? 
 Let us go home. 
 We shall have rain. 
 How long is it since she was 
 married ? 
 
 cabaip 6am DO lam. Give me your hand. 
 
OF ASPIRATION. 31 
 
 87. nil arhpap aip bic aip. There is no doubt at all of it. 
 
 na lei 5 DO imceacc. Do not let him go. 
 
 mop ci leip a pajail. He could not get it. 
 
 abaip leip ceacc apceac. Tell him to come in. 
 
 cuip an caip^ioo cugam. Send me the money. 
 
 caicpm cu a beic copp- You must be tired. 
 
 ra. 
 
 ca m' acaip ajup mo My father and mother are 
 
 rhacaip amuij. out. 
 
 ca pi popca op cion She is married over a fort- 
 
 coiccioip. night. 
 
 m cij liom puipeac mop I cannot stop longer. 
 
 pcuoe. 
 
 an e po an bealac 50 Is this the way to Limerick ? 
 
 cia aca po an borap Which of these is the right 
 
 ceapc ? road ? 
 
 an pug cu mo bpoga cu- Did you bring me my shoes ? 
 
 jam? 
 
 a ca me po^laim mo I am learning my lesson. 
 
 leijinn. 
 
 88. na bi panacc peao an Do not be staying all day. 
 
 lae. 
 
 ni cpeioim an ni a oeip I do not believe what he 
 
 pe. says. 
 
 ca cu 05 piubal 50 po You are walking too fast. 
 
 japoa. 
 
 ca me oul a ceannac I am going to buy linen. 
 
 lineaoaij. 
 
 bi piao 05 ol oije agup They were eating and drink- 
 
 05 ice bio. ing. 
 
 ni cij liom a labaipc I cannot speak it well. 
 
 50 maic. 
 
32 OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 cairn po buioeac ouic a I am very thankful to you, 
 
 Shaoi. Sir. 
 
 nij DO larha ajup Wash your hands and face. 
 
 ca mo oaorain 6e ajam. I have enough of it. 
 
 cap aleir agup oein oo Come here and warm your- 
 
 jopao. self. 
 
 o'eipij me 50 moc aip I rose early in the morning. 
 
 mcnom. 
 
 ap cooail cu 50 mair a Did you sleep well last night. 
 
 peip. 
 
 cabaip i apace oo pgeine Lend me your knife. 
 
 6am. 
 
 89. ca an oorhan 50 lei p 05 All the world is going there. 
 
 oul ann. 
 
 ip micm oumn oul i It is time for us to go to 
 
 leabaio. bed. 
 
 a anam pein aip jua- Every man's soul on his own 
 
 lann gac em-neac. shoulders. 
 
 buail mo rinaopa, buail Strike my dog, strike my- 
 
 me pein. self. 
 
 nil leic-pmjin agam I have not a halfpenny for 
 
 ouic. you. 
 
 ip maic liom pin a I am glad to hear that. 
 
 cloipcinn. 
 
 biomap aj oul ap ajaio We were getting on well up 
 
 50 ceapc 50 nuige po. to this time. 
 
 ip iomoa peap paiobip There is many a rich man 
 
 jan puaimneap. without quiet. 
 
 bean pu inn mop mo na I would do more than that 
 
 pm aip oo ponpa. for your sake. 
 
 ni paca me f aco aon- I never saw her but once. 
 
 uaip arinain. 
 
OF ASPIRATION. 
 
 33 
 
 nacap aipip me ouic Did I not tell you not to be 
 
 jan a beir labaipe talking so loud ? 
 
 coifi apo pin ? 
 
 ip cupa an leanb ab You are the child I love best 
 
 lonmume liom pa ci j. in the house, 
 
 cainic cu apceac paoi You came in at last. 
 
 oeipeao. 
 
 90. 6hi ccpoeup cuge aip na 
 Scocaib i n-6ipinn 
 a^up i n-Qlbam. 
 
 Tp aip eigm DO cpeiopinn 
 am innnn 50 paib 
 hpe piam pacumacc 
 na TComanac. 
 
 Q ra a oeapb aca pein, 
 a^up 05 cac, 5 up ab 
 clann o'Gipeanncaib 
 na Scuic. 
 
 6eoa leip an n'6 po 
 pan ceao caibioil oo'n 
 leabap DO pcaip Bag- 
 laipe na Sacpan. 
 Pahe Colam Cilleceao 
 t)occuip an cpeiDim 
 Cacolice oona PICCI 
 pan aiporuair ap na 
 pleibcib. 
 
 He was sovereign of the 
 Scots in Ireland and Al- 
 bany. 
 
 I can scarcely be induced to 
 believe that Ireland was 
 at any time under the do- 
 minion of the Romans. 
 
 It is a matter of certainty 
 with themselves, and with 
 every one, that the Scotch 
 are descendants of the 
 Irish. 
 
 Bede agrees with this in the 
 first chapter of the Book 
 of the Church History of 
 the English. 
 
 Columbkille was the first 
 teacher of the Catholic 
 faith to the Picts in the 
 northern Highlands. 
 
34 ECLIPSIS. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 ECLIPSIS. 
 
 SECT. 1 Of the Effects of Eclipsis in the Sounds of the 
 Letters. 
 
 91. ALL the mutable consonants, except m, are liable to 
 lose their sound in certain cases where a letter is prefixed 
 to them at the beginning of a word; in which cases the ori- 
 ginal initial is said to be eclipsed by that which is prefixed, 
 and the sound of the latter only is in general heard in the 
 pronunciation. The following list exhibits the different 
 changes which are thus introduced in the spelling and 
 sound of words : 
 
 b 1 I'm"] [~ap m-bdo, our boat, Tap mdo. 
 
 c I ,D 1 5 I I ap -ciall, our reason, *& ap ^ial. 
 o | r d | n I | a n-ooi, their hope, g |a noi. 
 
 g < |0 buil cu. 
 
 g |bup baipc. 
 
 i -i 
 
 | a n-ooi j, their hope, 
 
 F * SH 1 ^ " - 3 1 a ^F U1 ^ CU 5 ar ^ them, 
 
 H - 5 , 
 
 p I ^ I b i I bup b-paipc, your share, 
 
 | 
 L 
 
 an c-plac, the rod, 
 
 c J * M LO J Laipo-cup, in the beginning,- 
 
 2 
 
 ] an clac. 
 Laip oup. 
 
 5 is but partly eclipsed by n, the sound of both letters 
 uniting to form a compound, as ng in long, hang, &c., or as 
 ng in ainjeal ; thus na n-^opu, pronounced nang urth, of 
 the fields. 
 
 92. The effect of eclipsis is sometimes expressed by dou- 
 bling an initial letter instead of prefixing the letters above 
 mentioned, as cc, pp, pp, cc, for 50, bp, bp, DC, thus a 
 cclan, their children; a ppeapan, their land; ap ppaipoe, our 
 
ECLIPSIS. 
 
 35 
 
 child ; bup ccip, your country, &c.; which are pronounced 
 exactly as a jlan, a bpeapan, ap baipoe, bup Dip, &c. 
 
 93. In the middle of words ol and In, both sounded like 
 II, thus, coolao, sleep, and colna, of the flesh, are pro- 
 nounced colla ; similarly on, as nn, so ceaona, the same, 
 sounds like ceanna. 
 
 SECT. 2 Short Sentences, with Eclipsis. 
 
 94. an b-puil ocpap ope ? 
 an b-puil pe mall ? 
 cd b-puaip cu e ? 
 ca pe pa n-jaipom. 
 an b-puil cu 50 maic ? 
 a j-cluin cu me ? 
 pamic a n-ooipcpa e. 
 ca bean 05 a n-oopap. 
 an b-puil pnacaoajaD? 
 
 ca. 
 
 nac D-cuijean cu me ? 
 ca b-puil DO leabap ? 
 an b-puil cu Da pipib ? 
 ca D-ceiD an borappa ? 
 an b-puil an Dineip 
 
 ullam? 
 
 Are you hungry ? 
 
 Is it late ? 
 
 Where did you find it ? 
 
 He is in the garden. 
 
 Are you well ? 
 
 Do you hear me ? 
 
 Take care lest you spill it ? 
 
 There is a woman at the door. 
 
 Have you a needle ? I have. 
 
 Do you not understand me ? 
 Where is your book ? 
 Are you in earnest ? 
 Where does this road lead to ? 
 Is the dinner ready ? 
 
 95. an b-puil ouil OJOD a Do you wish to go ? 
 
 6ul ? 
 
 ca ap a D-camic cu ? From whence did you come? 
 
 cap apceac pa c-peompa. Come into the room, 
 
 an D-cuijean cu 5 Q o 1D " Do you understand Irish ? 
 
 ca m-bionn cu DO com- Where do you live ? 
 
 nuije ? 
 
 50 m-beannui^e t)ia God save you. 
 
 oib. 
 
36 
 
 ECLIPSIS, 
 
 ipooij liom 50 n-oeancc I think he will do it. 
 
 pe e. 
 
 50 5-cuipeao t)ia an God prosper you. 
 
 c-dj ope. 
 
 plan leac 50 ppeicim Farewell till I see you again. 
 
 apip cu. 
 
 ciocpa me a g-cean I will come in a few days. 
 
 beajann laereao. 
 
 cia an pa b-puil cu Why are you alarmed ? 
 
 paiceac ? 
 
 eabaip aipe ouic pern Take care of yourself until 
 
 50 o-eaga me. I come, 
 
 cia an uaip a o-ciocpa When will you come here 
 
 cu anpo apip? again? 
 
 50 oe map a n-goipean What do you call this ? 
 
 cu po ? 
 
 nil pe pa m-baile a He is not at home, good 
 
 oume coip. man. 
 
 96. DO peap i n-a piaonuipe 
 caoipeac o'uaiplib a 
 cpice 50 plaic n-oi- 
 pijmbam i n-a laim. 
 
 rdn^aoap jan ampup 
 an lomao 6'n Spamn 
 6'n b-ppainc ajup o'n 
 m-6pearam ann po. 
 
 Seacc mbliajna oeaj 
 ajupceicpe picioaip 
 peace cceo i noiaio 
 na oilean DO bacab 
 phapao. 
 
 There stood in his presence 
 a chief of the gentlemen 
 of his country, with a 
 straight white wand in 
 his hand. 
 
 There came hither very 
 many, no doubt, from 
 Spain, from France, and 
 from Britain. 
 
 Seven hundred and ninety- 
 seven years after the flood 
 Pharaoh was drowned. 
 
ECLIPSIS. 
 
 37 
 
 Ip copmml 6pear naij 
 ajup ^aoioil i n-a 
 nopaib ajup i n-a 
 m-beapaib pe ceile. 
 
 The Welsh and the Irish are 
 like one another in their 
 customs and in their man- 
 ners. 
 
 97. CC oeip Caimbpenpip 
 up ab pe linn Heill 
 "Naoijialluij DO beie 
 i bplaiceap Gipeann 
 oo cuaoap peipeap 
 mac muipeaoaij, pij 
 Lllao, 50 h-Qlbam. 
 Q oeip pe pop gup ab 
 pa 'n am pin cujao 
 Scoria o'amm aip 
 Qlbam aip ccup, 
 ajup ^up ab 6'n 
 j-clomn pin pijUlao 
 jaipmreap cineao 
 Scuic o'Qlbancaib. 
 ghabaoap luce na Sci- 
 cia apoplaireap 50 
 jpoo i n-oiaio na 01- 
 lionn. 
 
 Cambrensis mentions that it 
 was in the time when Ni- 
 all of the Nine Hostages 
 was ruler of Ireland, that 
 the six sons of Muireadh- 
 ach, King of Ulster, went 
 over to Scotland. 
 
 He says further, that it was 
 at that time the name of 
 Scotland was given to Al- 
 bany, and that it was 
 from those sons of the 
 King of Ulster that the 
 Albanians are called the 
 Scottish race. 
 
 The people of Scythia at- 
 tained supremacy shortly 
 after the deluge. 
 
 98. t)o bi pojluim, a$up Learning, and faith, and 
 
 cpeoiom, a^up peace, 
 ap coimeao a n-Gi- 
 pmn(oo peip Keating), 
 ap peao ceicpe ce*ao 
 
 justice flourished in Ire- 
 land (according to Kea- 
 ting) for the space of four 
 hundred years, after the 
 
3S 
 
 ECLIPSIS, 
 
 bliaoain o'eif PQCC- 
 puic DO ceacc, 50 
 ceacc Coclonnac inn- 
 re. 
 
 Qp m-beir oophacqiuij 
 05 pfolaD an cpeioiih 
 i n-Gipinn i b-plaisiop 
 ,aojaipe, ap e Qon- 
 gup mac Naeppaoic 
 pa Y2ioj TTluThan. 
 
 Q oeip cuio oo na pean- 
 ujoapaib gup ab a 
 n-^^ctnn DO loca a 
 n-iacrap Caijean pu- 
 aip Haom paccpuic 
 bap; bioo 50 n-ab- 
 puio opon^ oile jup 
 ab an Qpomaca DO 
 pe. 
 
 99. Ip a b-plaiciop t)hom- 
 naill pop puaip an 
 naomh Pionncan o'd 
 n-joipri TTIunna bap. 
 Qp cpe jui6e corhrion- 
 oil Cbiapam a j-Clu- 
 am mic Hoip, puj 
 DiapmuiD, macQoDa 
 Slaine, buaiD cara 
 Caipn Chonnuill. 
 
 Occ m-bliaDna ajup 
 ceirpe picic pa h-aoip 
 
 arrival of Patrick, even to 
 the coining of the Danes. 
 
 When Patrick was propaga- 
 ting the faith in Ireland, 
 in the reign of Laoghaire, 
 ./Engns mac Natfraic was 
 King of Munster. 
 
 Some of the old authors 
 state, that it was in Glen- 
 dalough, in the lower part 
 of Leinster, that Saint 
 Patrick died ; although 
 others assert that it was 
 in Armagh he departed 
 this life. 
 
 It was moreover in the reign 
 of Domhnall that Saint 
 Fintan, who is named 
 Munna, died. 
 
 It was through the prayer 
 of the congregation of 
 Kieran of Clonmacnoise, 
 that Dermod, son of Aodh 
 Slaine, obtained the vic- 
 tory in the battle of Carn- 
 connell. 
 
 The age of Brian Boru, when 
 he fell in the battle of 
 
ECLIPSIS. 
 
 39 
 
 DO &hpian &opoime 
 an can DO rviic i 
 5-cac Chluana capb. 
 
 Clontarf, was eighty -eight 
 years. 
 
 SECT. 3. Reading Lessons. 
 [From Keating's History of Ireland.] 
 
 100. ITlap biop pop cion 05 
 an n-Bipeannac ap 
 na peancaoaib, ap an 
 n-aop Dana, aip na 
 bdpoaib, ajup ap aop 
 peanma na j-claip- 
 peac, b'oo a parhail 
 pin DO cion 05 an 
 m-6pearnac ap an 
 opomg j-ceona, ajup 
 bio map pin coprhail 
 pe ceile i mopan DO 
 beapaib eile. 
 1 n-aimpip pop an ceao 
 henpi i piojaccShac- 
 pan, DO bi ppionnpa 
 ap an m-6peacam 
 oap b'ainm 5P ] F ln a P 
 Conan, DO maoiDeao 
 50 mime jup bean 
 Bipeannac pa rndraip 
 DO pern, a^up pop pa 
 pean - rh ara i p, agu p 
 Q-up ab i n-Bipinn DO 
 pujao 05 up DO beap- 
 Thunao e. 
 
 As the Irishman a] so has a 
 love for the antiquaries, 
 the poets, the bards, and 
 the harpers, the Welch- 
 man has a similar regard 
 for the same people ; and 
 they resemble each other 
 in like manner in many 
 other usages. 
 
 In the time likewise when 
 Henry I. was King of 
 England, there was a 
 prince in Britain named 
 Griffin ap Conan, who fre- 
 quently boasted that his 
 own mother was an Irish- 
 woman, and his grand- 
 mother likewise ; and that 
 he himself was born and 
 educated in Ireland. 
 
40 
 
 ECLIPSIS. 
 
 101. 1 ^-ceann pealao aim- 
 pipe DO jlac an 
 6hpeacam i n-oiaio 
 na m-6pearnac ajup 
 na b-picc, an cpeap 
 cineaD i j-cuio no i 
 Tnfp nab.picr, cineao 
 DO rpiall a h-6ipmn 
 map aon pe n-a 
 o-caoipeac Peuoa, DO 
 jpeamuij i meapc na 
 b-picc lonao puioe 
 ooib pein, le caip- 
 oeap no le h-aipm a 
 ca i n-a peilb gup an 
 am po. 
 
 Op po ip pollup j^up ab 
 a h-Bipinn DO cuaoap 
 cmeaD Scuic le "Reu- 
 Da a D-caoipeae pein 
 50 h-Qlbain, ajup 
 50 b-puiliD a pliocc 
 ann 6 pom, ajup jup 
 ab Diob jaipmreap 
 Scuic. 
 
 ^ibe Ieijpeap6om Ba- 
 ronius 'p an ^ Q bap 
 po pcpiob DO beapaib 
 ajup DO noj^aib an 
 inle cineaD, DO ^eab- 
 ai6 50 pollup ann nac 
 jonann noip na beapa 
 
 After some interval of time, 
 there took possession of 
 Britain, besides the Bri- 
 tons and the Picts, a third 
 race, in the portion or 
 district of the Picts, a 
 race that emigrated from 
 Ireland, together with 
 their leader Reuda, who 
 seized upon a place of set- 
 tlement for themselves 
 among the Picts, by 
 friendship or by arms, 
 which is in their posses- 
 sion to the present time. 
 
 From this it is evident that 
 it was from Ireland that 
 the Scottish race came, 
 with their general Reuda, 
 to Scotland ; and that 
 their posterity are there 
 since that time, and that 
 it is from them the Scots 
 are so called. 
 
 Whoever will read John Ba- 
 ronius, in the book that 
 he wrote concerning the 
 manners and customs of 
 all nations, will there find 
 clearly, that the customs 
 and manners of the French 
 
ECLIPSIS. 
 
 41 
 
 na b-ppancac 0511 p 
 na n-Bipeannac anoip 
 na a nalloo. 
 
 102. Ip moioe ip incpeioce 
 gac nfo oa n-oubpa- 
 map t>o leir caiopim 
 na m-6pearnac leip 
 na h-6ipeanncaib, 
 ajup up b'i 6ipe pa 
 cul DiDin Doib, map 
 a oeip Capaoocup 
 uoap 6peachnac i 
 n-a cpoinic, agup 
 Qbian, ajjjup lomao 
 D'ujoapuib eile na 
 
 ofp mopan DO ppionn- 
 pa6u ib na m-6peacan 
 ajup D J a n-uaiplib 
 50 n'a muipeupajup 
 50 n-a mumncip i 
 n-Gipmn, map a njab- 
 raoi piu, ajup map a 
 n-glacraoi 50 cineal- 
 ca 100, ajup map a 
 D-cujraoi peapannpe 
 a aiciujao, amail a 
 Dubpamap ruap. t)o 
 jnf pop t)occop Han- 
 mer i n-a cpoinic 
 ppepialcacc ap CUID 
 
 and of the Irish are not 
 the same now, and that 
 they have not been so in 
 time past. 
 
 All that we have said about 
 the acquaintance of the 
 Britons with the Irish, 
 and with regard to the 
 circumstance that Ireland 
 was their last place of re- 
 fuge, is the more credible, 
 inasmuch as Caradocus, a 
 British author, states in 
 his Chronicle (as well as 
 Abian, and several other 
 of the British authors), 
 that many of the princes 
 of Britain, and of their 
 nobles, used to come, with 
 their followers and people, 
 to Ireland, where they 
 were received and treated 
 with kindness, and were 
 given land to dwell on, as 
 we said above. Moreover, 
 Dr. Hanmer, in his Chro- 
 nicle, makes particular 
 mention of some of them. 
 First, he says, that there 
 was banished to Ireland 
 by Edwin, son of Ethel- 
 fred, a king that reigned 
 
 2 
 
42 
 
 ECLIPSIS. 
 
 oiob. Ctpo-eupa oeip 
 gup otbpeao 50 h-Gi- 
 pinn le Baobum, mac 
 CCecelppeo, pi oo bi 
 ap an m-6peacam 
 oap b' amm Caobail- 
 lin, an can pa haoip 
 oo'n Uijeapna pe 
 ceao ajup cuij oeaj 
 ap piceao bliaona, 
 ajup job-puaip jab- 
 dil pip 50 jpdoac ann, 
 a^up puaip con^nam 
 pluai^ lep bean pe a 
 plaireap pern amac 
 apfp. Ct oeip pop 50 
 o-ranjaoap 6d ppi- 
 onnpa 6 6hpeacam, 
 map a ca Qpolo ajup 
 Conan, 50 h-6ipmn, 
 an can pa h-aoip 
 oo'n Uijeapna mile 
 ajup oeic 'p oa pi- 
 ceao bliaona, ajup 
 50 b-puaipeaoap a 
 n-jlacao, ajup pop 
 caiopearh ajup cum- 
 oac 6 Bipeanncuib. 
 
 in Britain whose name 
 was Cadwallin, in the year 
 of our Lord 635, and that 
 he was there kindly re- 
 ceived, and obtained an 
 auxiliary force of troops 
 by which he regained his 
 own sovereignty again. 
 He also says, that there 
 came from Britain two 
 princes named Harold 
 and Conan, in the year of 
 our Lord 1050, and that 
 they met with a kind 
 reception, and further, 
 friendship and protection 
 from the Irish people. 
 
 103. lap nvbacao lucca na When the Egyptians were 
 
 h-Bjipce 'p an ^ U1 P drowned in the Red Sea, 
 
 Ruaio, an oponj oo'n the people of the country 
 
 ap oorhcnpo'dn-oeip who lived after them ba- 
 
ECL1PSIS. 
 
 43 
 
 00 puagpao ouine 
 uapal o'aipi^ce Scei- 
 riaoac DO bf i n-a corh- 
 nuioe eacoppa, 50 
 nac n-jeabao plai- 
 reap op a j-ceann. 
 Qp m-beir 06 ap n-a 
 oibipc 50 n-a rpeib, 
 cainic gupan Spainn, 
 map ap aicij pe 
 lomao bliaona ajup 
 a n-oeacaoap a pliocc 
 
 1 lionmaipeacc 50 
 mop, a^up cangaoap 
 ap pin i n-6ipmn. 
 
 Q oeipio cuio oo na 
 nuao-^halluib pi, 05 
 pcpiobao ap Bipinn, 
 gup ab 6'n m-6pea- 
 cain mo ip canjaoap 
 mic TTlileao aip o-cup, 
 ajup ip e par pa paoi- 
 lio -pin, oo bpij 50 
 b-puilio lomao pocal 
 lonann i m-6pearnaip 
 ajup i 
 
 nished a certain Scythian 
 chieftain that was living 
 among them, that he 
 might not assume sove- 
 reignty over them. Hav- 
 ing been banished with 
 his tribe, he came to 
 Spain, where he lived 
 many years, and where 
 his posterity became very 
 numerous ; and from that 
 they came to Ireland. 
 
 Some of the modern English, 
 writing about Ireland, as 
 sert that it was from 
 Great Britain the sons of 
 Milesius came originally, 
 and their reason for think- 
 ing so is, that there are 
 several words the same in 
 the British and in the 
 Irish. 
 
 104. Hi lonjnao lomao po- It is no wonder that there 
 cal oo beir lonann are many words the same 
 in Welsh and in Irish, 
 although it was not from 
 
 ab o'n m-6pea- Britain the sons of Mile- 
 cain canjaoap mic sius came into Ireland : 
 
 pan 6hpearnaip ajup 
 
44 
 
 ECLIPSIS. 
 
 TTIileao i n-6ipmn, oo 
 bpij jup bi 6ipe pa 
 cul oiom oo 6hpeac- 
 naib pe linn jac lear- 
 cpom oa luioeao op- 
 pa oo coipc na "Ro- 
 itidnac no na Sajpa- 
 nac, no 506 opoin^e 
 eile oa n-irnpeao 
 poipneapc oppa, lonn- 
 up 50 o-cijoip poipne 
 iomoa 50 n-a min- 
 peap ajup 50 n-a 
 mumncip ap ceiceao 
 i n-6ipmn oiob, 50 
 o-cujofp uaiple na 
 h-Bipeann peapann 
 ap peao a g-cuapca 
 ooib, ajup an pliocc 
 oo cijeao uara pe 
 linn a n-oeopuijeac- 
 ca oo pojlamraoi an 
 5haoi6eil5 leo, ajup 
 acdio bailee i n-Gi- 
 pinn ammnijceap 
 uaca, map a ca^paij 
 na m-6pearnac, ajup 
 t)un na m-6pearnac, 
 70. Cfjup lap o-nll- 
 eao oo'n 6hpeacain 
 ooib, oo bioo icmao 
 pocal oo 'n ^ a 1Del % 
 ap jnarujao aca 
 
 because Ireland was the 
 last refuge of the Britons 
 in the time of every trou- 
 ble that befel them from 
 the invasion of the Ro- 
 mans or Saxons, or any 
 other people that visited 
 them with oppression. So 
 that there came many of 
 the inhabitants of Britain, 
 with their families and 
 retainers, fleeing into Ire- 
 land, where the nobles of 
 Ireland gave them land 
 during their stay ; and the 
 Irish was learned by their 
 children who were born 
 during the time of their 
 sojourn ; and there are 
 towns in Ireland that are 
 named after them, such 
 as Graigue-na-Mana and 
 Dunmanway, &c. And 
 after their return to Bri- 
 tain, there were many 
 Irish words in common 
 use among themselves, and 
 their posterity after them. 
 According to what we 
 have said, it is not neces- 
 sary to suppose that the 
 sons of Milesius came ori- 
 ginally from Britain, al- 
 
ECLIPSIS. 
 
 45 
 
 05 a pliocc o'a 
 n-eip. t)o pe'p cc 
 n-oubpamap ni h-in- 
 rheapca 50 h-eijean- 
 cac, ^up ab o'n 
 m-6peacain canja- 
 oap mic niileao aip 
 o-cup, rap ceann 50 
 b-puilio pocail lon- 
 ann i m-6pearnaip 
 ajup i n-^aomeilj. 
 Q r>eip Seapap, |xtn 
 peipeao leabap o'a 
 pcaip, jup ab 6 01- 
 leanuib na 6peacan 
 DO cuaio opaoire oo'n 
 phpamc. Ip inrheap- 
 ca jiip b'e oilean na 
 h-6ipeann an c-oi- 
 lean pin ap ap rpial- 
 laoap na opaoice, oo 
 bpi^ jup b'f 6ipe co- 
 bap opaoioeacca lap- 
 raip Goppa an can 
 pin, a$up jup bi an 
 ^aoioealg pa ceanja 
 oo na opaoirib ceao- 
 
 tliough there be some 
 words identical in the 
 Welsh and Irish lan- 
 guages. 
 
 Csesar says, in the Sixth 
 Book of his History, that 
 it was from the British 
 Isles the Druids came to 
 France. It is probable 
 that the Isle of Erin was 
 that island from which 
 the Druids emigrated, be- 
 cause Ireland was the 
 source of the Druidic sys- 
 tem of the west of Europe 
 at that time, and Irish 
 was the language of the 
 Druids. 
 
46 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 READING LESSONS (RELIGIOUS AND MORAL). 
 
 SECT. 1 . From Gallagher's Irish Sermons (with the 
 
 Orthography corrected). 
 105. t)'iapp piao cpocaipe They asked for mercy when 
 
 an uaip a bi pi pe 
 pajail aca, ajup oa 
 bpij [in puapaoap i. 
 
 Qp maioin, an ua;p 
 pop^lup pumneoja 
 an lae, ip coip oumn 
 puinneoja ap n-an- 
 ma o'popjuilc, po 
 comaip 5P a r a an 
 Cijeapna, ajup a 
 n-opuio a n.ajaio 506 
 opoc pum ajup jac 
 carujaio. 
 
 dp nio jnac oo'n mac- 
 cipe anuaip a reio 
 pe po an cpeao, bpeir 
 ap pcopnaij 
 ^-caopa 
 ceanja a eappa6 
 aipce ^an riioill, ap 
 ceipce 50 n-oeanao 
 pi meileac no cop- 
 pan, mupcolao an 
 
 ap 
 
 an 
 an 
 
 it was within their reach, 
 and therefore they ob- 
 tained it. 
 
 In the morning, when the 
 windows of day open, we 
 ought to open the win- 
 dows of our souls to the 
 grace of the Lord, and 
 shut them against every 
 evil thought and tempta- 
 tion. 
 
 It is a usual thing with the 
 wolf, when he goes into 
 the flock, to seize a sheep 
 by the throat, and cut its 
 tongue out directly, for 
 fear lest it should raise a 
 bleating, or noise, that 
 might awaken the shep- 
 herd to come to its aid. 
 
 rpeuoaioe, 
 cobaip 61. 
 
 beappao 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 47 
 
 Cao ap p o o-cujann cu 
 capcuipne no mioirioo 
 oo'n peap uo eile, cd 
 bocc no uipipioll, 
 a o" u r 5 U P tonann ao- 
 mao o'a n-oeapnao 
 pib, map aca an lu- 
 arpedn. 
 
 What is the reason that you 
 shew contempt or uncivi- 
 lity to that other person 
 that is poor or humble, 
 while the material of 
 which you are both made 
 is one and the same, 
 namely, ashes. 
 
 106. TTld rd pipion a pcaio 
 na n-spap, a^up 
 cupa a b-peacao, ip 
 pedpp eipion mile 
 uaip no rupa, cuip a 
 j-cdp 50 b-puil cu ao' 
 pij no ao' phpionnpa. 
 dec an mair leac 
 p^eula o'p a 5 ai ^ a 
 cpiopoai^e, cao po 
 tn-bfonn na oaome ap 
 lapao pe pun oiojal- 
 cuip ? Cao ap a 
 m-bio ap meip^e pe 
 jpao an c-paiobpip ? 
 Cao ap a m-bio cuc- 
 ra oo cpaop, a^up oo 
 jac amniian? Cao 
 ap a m-bfo cucca oo 
 itiionna mopa, oo ja- 
 oaioeacc, ajup oo 
 bpeajaib? Qcd 'oeip 
 an paio Rijeamail, 
 oo bpij 50 n-o4mio 
 oeapmao oo'n bap. 
 
 If he be in a state of grace, 
 and you in sin, he is 
 a thousand times better 
 than you, although you 
 be a king or a prince. 
 
 But, Christian, would you 
 learn why it is that men 
 are inflamed with the se- 
 cret passion of revenge ? 
 Why they are intoxicated 
 with the love of riches ? 
 Why they are given to 
 excess and to every lust ? 
 Why they are given to 
 swearing ? It is, says the 
 Royal Prophet, because 
 they forget death. (Ps. 
 Ixxiii.) 
 
48 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 Cuoap nacpmuameann Why is it, sinner, that you 
 
 cu, a peacai, 50 
 m-beir an cholamn 
 pin, po b-puil cu anoip 
 05 Deanam a n-iomao 
 cupaim, 'na biao 
 pi ape a^up cnuoj, 
 paoi ceann 
 aimpipe. 
 
 107. dra pop 6a nio cpuc- 
 uijiop piacranup na 
 h-upnaije, map acd, 
 mopbacc ajup niair- 
 eap De DO raob, ajup 
 boccaineacr ctjup 
 eapbuio an oume 
 oo'n caob eile. 
 6heappa pe 6ib jac n'6 
 biap piaccanac ajaib 
 annpa c-paojal po, 
 
 a S u F an 5^ ] P PP" 
 pinoe annpa c-paojal 
 
 eile. 
 
 Qca oaille na n-oaoi- 
 neao coni mop ajup 
 pin, 50 n-jlacaio an 
 uile cupam po neirib 
 oiombuan an c-pao- 
 jail po, ajup 30 
 n-oeanaio neambpij 
 DO paiobpeap piop- 
 puioe phappcraip. 
 
 do not reflect, that that 
 body, on which you now 
 spend so much care, shall 
 in a short time be the 
 food of worms. 
 
 There are, moreover, two 
 causes that give rise to 
 the necessity of prayer, 
 namely, the majesty and 
 goodness of God on the 
 one side, and the poverty 
 and want of man on the 
 other side. 
 
 He will give you every thing 
 that shall be needful for 
 you in this world, and in 
 the other world, life eter- 
 nal. 
 
 The blindness of mankind is 
 so great, that they take all 
 care of the transitory 
 things of this world, and 
 treat as worthless the 
 everlasting blessings of 
 Paradise. 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 49 
 
 je nacb-puil nio ap bir 
 annpa' c-paojal po ip 
 coiecinne ma an bap, 
 oo bpi 50 piublann 
 50 laeraifiail eao- 
 pamn 6 cig 50 rig, 50 
 b-puaoatjionn pip an 
 c-60- map an appuio, 
 ajup 50 o-caipn^eann 
 lao cum na h-uaije, 
 an uaip ip luja oo 
 paoilio ; maipeao, 'na 
 oiaio po ajup uile, ni 
 puil nfo ap bir ip 
 eupjaioe o'd n-oean- 
 cap oeapmao, ma oo'n 
 m-bdp. 
 
 108. Ip lonjancup mop po 
 jan ampup, ajup jan 
 nfo ap bir ap an 
 c-paojala p a n-oeap- 
 camaoio nac g-cuip- 
 eann an bap a 
 n-aomail ouinn. TTId 
 oeapcamaoio pumn ap 
 an calrham oeappaio 
 an calarh linn, nac 
 b-puil lonainn, ace cpe 
 ajup luairpedn. TTId 
 peacamaoio puap ap 
 an aep, oeapbaio an 
 c-aep ouinn, nac 
 
 Although there be nothing 
 in this world that is more 
 common than death, be- 
 cause it stalks daily 
 among us from house 
 to house, sweeps away 
 young as well as old, and 
 draws them into its pit, 
 at the time when they 
 least think of it ; notwith- 
 standing, after all this, 
 there is nothing in the 
 world more readily for- 
 gotten than death. 
 
 This is much to be won- 
 dered at, no doubt, since 
 there is nothing in the 
 world upon which we 
 lay our eyes, that does 
 not bring death before 
 our notice. If we look 
 beneath us on the earth, 
 the earth will say to us, 
 that there is nothing in 
 our composition but 
 earth and ashes. If we 
 look up towards the air, 
 the air will indicate to 
 us that there is no con- 
 
50 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 b-puil DO buaineap i 
 n-dp m-beara, ace 
 upao le pemedn 
 jaoice. ITId oeap- 
 camaoio uamn ap an 
 b-paip^e, a;?jup ap na 
 pporannaib, cuippio 
 a n-umail ouinn 50 
 n-imrijeann dp n-aim- 
 pip agup dp paojal 
 copainn $an morugao, 
 ap aipce an c-ppora. 
 1 n-aon pocal, ni puil 
 eaob o'd o-cioneoca- 
 maoio nac b-puil 
 lorhcuj an bdip op ap 
 g-coTTiaip ; mdipeao 
 a n-airhoeoin 
 
 oioeapa 
 
 paba oiob po, a cd 
 
 oaille na n-oaomea6 
 
 com mop ajuppin, nac 
 
 b-puil nfo ap bic ip 
 
 luaiue oa n-oeanaio 
 
 oeapmao 
 
 m-bdp. 
 
 oon 
 
 no 
 
 109- Cfn uaip a c 
 
 dp pinnpip Qoarh 
 6aba, pinne pe mai jip- 
 cip oiob ap 506 aoib- 
 neap, a^up aip jac 
 coppca bi a b~papp- 
 ace cpann na 
 
 tinuance in our life, but 
 what a breath of wind 
 possesses. If we look 
 away from us on the sea, 
 and on the streams, they 
 will put us in mind that 
 our time and our age is 
 going by imperceptibly, 
 like the flowing of the 
 stream. 
 
 In a word, there is no side 
 to which we can turn, 
 where the image of death 
 does not meet us ; yet, 
 in spite of every lesson 
 and every warning, such 
 as these, the blindness of 
 men is so great that 
 there is nothing at all 
 more speedily forgotten 
 by them than death. 
 
 When God created our 
 forefathers, Adam and 
 Eve, he put them in 
 possession of evey en- 
 joyment and every fruit 
 which was in Paradise, 
 but the tree of knowledge 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 51 
 
 h-Girnearindin. 
 lonnupnac m-bpippioip 
 an Qirne cuip po opra, 
 'pe pm, gen blap oo 
 ropra an cpamn po, 
 cuip an bap op a 
 5-comaip, map pciar- 
 6101 n, ajup map 6am- 
 gean a n-ajaio 506 
 carujaio. dec map oo 
 connaipc an tDiabal, 
 50 o-nubpao cuimne 
 an bdip opra beir 
 umal DO t)hia, ajup 
 ^an an airne po oo 
 bpipeao, oibip jan 
 Thoill an oeajpmuain- 
 eao po ap a j-cpoio- 
 cib, 05 oeapbu^ao 
 ooib, nac paib baojal 
 ap bic bdip opra, cuip 
 a 5-cap 50 n-ioppaioip 
 an r-uball po, oo bi 
 cpopca opra. Qcccao 
 e o'eipij o'cip pinnpip 
 ap an cpeapon ajup 
 an eapurhlacc po 
 pinneaoap a n-aaio 
 olije t)e ? Qcd a 
 Chpiopoaioe jup caill- 
 eaoap aibio na n-^pdp 
 a cuip t)ia po n-a 
 n-anam. Chailleaoap 
 
 only. And that they 
 might not break this 
 commandment which He 
 enjoined upon them, that 
 is, that they should not 
 taste the fruit of this 
 tree, he set before them 
 death as a preservative 
 and fence against every 
 temptation. But when 
 the devil saw that the 
 remembrance of death 
 would cause them to be 
 obedient to God, and not 
 to break this command- 
 ment, he banished, with- 
 out delay, this good 
 thought from their 
 hearts, certifying to 
 them, that there was no 
 danger of death happen- 
 ing to them, supposing 
 they should eat this apple 
 that was prohibited to 
 them. But what happen- 
 ed to our first parents in 
 consequence of their trea, 
 son and the disobedience 
 with which they treated 
 the law of God ? It was, 
 Christian, that they lost 
 the habit of grace with 
 which God endued their 
 
52 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 pceim neccrhoa, DO 
 cpucuijeab leo ; an 
 c-anam a bi 'n a 
 peapla uapal lonnpac, 
 DO peip lomaije a$up 
 copamlacca t)e, gup 
 cioneoiD an peacaD f, 
 cum a beir oub, 
 pmeapra, glonnmap, 
 DO peip lorhdije agup 
 copamlacca an Dia- 
 bail. O'n a m-beic 'n 
 a maigjipcpib ap an 
 b-papprap ralmaio 
 po, agup 'na n-oijpiDib 
 ap phapprap neinie, 
 Dibpeao iao lomnocc- 
 UID ^an eappaD, jan 
 eaoac, ap pea6 an 
 c-paojail; agup caill- 
 eaoap a j-ceapc ap 
 pluiueariinup. Q n-aic 
 a beic paop ap an 
 m-bap, ajup ap jac 
 cinneap ap peao a 
 D-ceapma ap an c-pao- 
 jal po ; map bapp pi- 
 onnuip ap a n-eapum- 
 lacc, cdinic cinneap 
 ajup aiciDioe oppra 
 pem, agup ap a pliocc 
 5 n a n-Diai6 : agup oa 
 opuim pin an bap. 
 
 soul. They lost the 
 heavenly beauty that 
 was created with them ; 
 the soul, that was a noble 
 shining pearl, after the 
 image and likeness of 
 God, sin changed, so that 
 it should be dark, de- 
 nied, loathsome, after 
 the image and likeness 
 of the devil. From being 
 the owners of this earthly 
 paradise, and heirs of 
 the paradise of hea- 
 ven, they were driven 
 out naked, without 
 goods, without clothing, 
 through the wide world ; 
 and lost their right to 
 heaven. Instead of being 
 free from death, and 
 from every disease, du- 
 ring their stay in this 
 world ; as a punishment 
 imposed for their dis- 
 obedience, there came 
 sickness and disease upon 
 them, and upon their 
 posterity after them, and 
 besides this, death. 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 53 
 
 110. Ipuime cpuruij t)iacm 
 oume cum 50 m-beic 
 pe pann-pdipceac ann- 
 pa'ngloip pioppuioe, 
 ajup 'n-oijpe ap 
 phappcap. Gcc cap 
 eip an cine oaonna oo 
 cailleamain a g-ceapc 
 cum na h-oijpeacca 
 po, cpe peacao Qoaim ; 
 cap eip lao DO beic 'n 
 a nairhoib 05 t)ia le 
 milcib bliaoan a^up 
 'na pclctbumrib 05 
 an oiabal ; ^e 
 phappraip oo 
 ounca 'na n-ajaio 
 ajup ippionn oo beic 
 beal-popcailce po n-a 
 ^-comaip ; an paoal 
 a beic 05 cpeu^bail 
 a>i De pip, a cpucuij 
 iao, a^up 05 oeanam 
 aopaio a^up lobaipce 
 oo na oeirib bpeige ; 
 cuiplinj po oeipeao 
 mac t)e ap na plaicip; 
 jlac colann oaonna a 
 m-bpomn na TTlaijoine 
 TTIuipe. Uapeipebeir 
 cpi bliaona oeaj ap 
 pi cio ap an c-pao^al 
 po a m-boccameacc, 
 F 
 
 It was for this end God 
 created man, that he be 
 a partaker of everlasting 
 glory. But after man- 
 kind having lost their 
 rights to this inheritance 
 through the sin of Adam; 
 after their being enemies 
 to God and slaves of the 
 devil for thousands of 
 years ; the gates of Pa- 
 radise shut against them, 
 and hell opening its 
 mouth before them ; the 
 world gone astray from 
 the true God, that cre- 
 ated them, and offering 
 adoration and sacrifice 
 to false gods : at last the 
 Son of God came down 
 from heaven and as- 
 sumed human flesh in 
 the womb of the Virgin 
 Mary. After he had 
 been thirty- three years 
 in this world in poverty 
 and sorrow, undergoing 
 distress and hardships, 
 while he taught and in- 
 structed the people by 
 words and by example, 
 he suffered at length the 
 shameful death of the 
 
54 
 
 READING LESSONS, 
 
 ajup a n-anpo, paoi 
 buaoaipc agup paoi 
 rpiobloio 05 pciupao 
 
 poibleac pe bpiarpaib 
 agup pe pompla, o'pu- 
 lainj po oeipeao bap 
 pcannalac na cpoice ; 
 o'oppail pe e pein map 
 loobaipc oo'n Qcaip 
 pioppuioe, lonnup 50 
 n-oeanpa6 pe ap pfor- 
 cam pip; pipb-puijeao 
 ap aip an bpeic oa- 
 manca cujao 'n dp 
 n-ajaio a b-peappain 
 Qoairh. 
 
 lll.maoeip cu, a Chpiop- 
 oaioe, 50 n-oedpna 
 t)ia cpocaipe ap ja- 
 oaioe na lairhe oeipe 
 a b-ponc an bctip, 
 cap 6ip a beic piarii 
 pe h-olc ; ajup ^ o 
 mb'peiDip 30 n-o^an- 
 pao an cpocaipe 
 ceaona opc-pa. Oc, a 
 peacuij boicc, ni puil 
 ajao aip pin, ace 
 b'peioip, a^up tna 
 cuipeann cu an c-pfop- 
 uioeacc a 
 
 cross ; lie offered himself 
 as a sacrifice to the eter- 
 nal Father, to make our 
 peace with him, and 
 reverse the judgment 
 of condemnation passed 
 against us in the person 
 of Adam. 
 
 If you say, Christian, that 
 God shewed mercy to 
 the thief on his right 
 hand in the point of 
 death, after his having 
 been before in wicked- 
 ness ; and that it may be 
 he will shew the like 
 mercy to you. Alas, 
 poor sinner, you have 
 nothing for that but 
 " may be ;" and if you 
 risk eternity on a "may 
 be," you give the world 
 to understand, that you 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 55 
 
 aipc pe b'peioip, beip 
 cu le cuijpin oo 'n 
 c-paoal, nac b-puil 
 rneap agao ap an 
 njloip pioppuioe, nac 
 b-puil beann ajgao ap 
 oo planu^ao net acapa 
 ap bic pe piancaib 
 Ipppinn. puaip an 
 jaoaioe po, oei p Maom 
 Qujuipcm, cpocaipe 
 a b-ponc an baip, cap 
 eip a beic piam 'na 
 peacac, lonnap nac 
 m-beic euoorcup ap 
 aon n-ouine. Qcc 6 
 cup an c-paojail 50 
 o-ci an uaip po, nf 
 leijceap aip aon 
 n-ouine, euip an aic- 
 pije 50 pone an baip, 
 puaip cpocaipe, ace 
 an c-aon j;aouiDe po, 
 ajup map pin nf puil 
 aobap anooccuij' 05 
 aon n-t>uine. 
 
 112. Chuj t)ia annp a' 
 c-pempeacc aicne 
 ajup opoujao oo 'n 
 cine oaona gpao oo 
 beic aca ap an j-co- 
 
 have no regard for eter- 
 nal glory, that you have 
 no respect for your sal- 
 vation, nor any concern 
 about the pains of hell. 
 This thief found mercy 
 at the point of death, 
 says St. Augustine, after 
 having been always a 
 sinner, that none might 
 despair. But from the 
 beginning of the world 
 to this present hour, 
 there is none read of 
 that put off repentance 
 to the point of death, 
 who found mercy, but 
 this one thief, and so no 
 person has a cause for 
 presumption. 
 
 God in the old law gave to 
 mankind a command- 
 ment and injunction to 
 love their neighbours. 
 The Jews, through ig- 
 
56 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 rhappainn. t)o riieap 
 na luoaije cpe ain- 
 bpiop, nacap opouig- 
 eao an airne po ooib 
 ace gpdo a beir aca 
 ap a 5-cdipoe, agup 
 gup b-peioip ooib puac 
 a beic aca ap a ndirii- 
 Dib. Occ lonnup 30 
 n-oeanpao lopaCpfopc 
 eolup ooib a n-dic an 
 ambpip po, ajuppolup 
 na n-jpctp a n-ctic an 
 oopcaoaip i n-a paba- 
 Dap,labpai6 50 poileip 
 a n-oiurh pip an 
 c-paojal. 6heip op- 
 oujao ^eneapulca 
 ooib, nac leop ooib 
 5pao a beir aca ap a 
 j-cdipoe, ace pop jup 
 eijm ooib jpdo a beic 
 aca ap a ndimoib, 
 mair a 6anani a 
 n-ajaio an uilc, ajup 
 a beic'aj juioe ap pon 
 na mumeipe ip mo jnt 
 oiojbdil ooib. 
 
 norance, imagined that 
 this commandment did 
 not order them to love 
 any but their friends, 
 and that they might en- 
 tertain hatred towards 
 their enemies. But to 
 the end that Jesus Christ 
 might communicate to 
 them knowledge instead 
 of this ignorance, and 
 the light of grace instead 
 of the darkness in which 
 they were involved, he 
 now speaks plainly to the 
 world. He gives them 
 a general order, that it 
 is not enough for them 
 to love their friends, but 
 that they must also love 
 their enemies, do good 
 in return for evil, and 
 pray for the people that 
 do them most injury. 
 
 113. t)eappaio pib liom, jan 
 airipap, gup nfo 0016- 
 eanca jpao a beic 
 
 You will tell me, no doubt, 
 that it is a hard thing 
 for us to love the person 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 57 
 
 ajcunn ap an ce, o'd 
 b-puilmio cmnce puac 
 a beic aije oppainn ; 
 5pdo a beic ajainn 
 ap an ce, beip mfoclu 
 
 agup nac pcopann o 
 aon nio, oeanpao 
 oio^bdil no ooluij 
 oumn ; ace oeipimpe 
 lib-pe, o'd cpuacanaio 
 oa b-puil pe, jup ab 
 6iin a oeanarh ; oo 
 bpij, 50 b-puil Cpiopc 
 o'a opou^ao 6ib : a^up 
 nac b-puil cup puap 
 ajaib gan a roil oo 
 Deanam. 
 
 114. TTld oeapcamaoio ap 
 an ndouip innce pein, 
 oo bpij 50 b-puil nfop 
 mo oo claon aice cum 
 an uilc, no cum na 
 maiceapa, ip nio 0016- 
 eanca po aice. Qcc 
 md oeapcamaoio uipp- 
 ce paoi pciupao na 
 n-^pdp, an nio po a cd 
 ooioeanca aice, eibio 
 pt 6 poioeanca pocarii- 
 
 who, we are certain, 
 cherishes hatred towards 
 us ; to love the person 
 that makes use of re- 
 proach and reviling to- 
 wards us ; and who will 
 not stop at any thing that 
 may cause us damage or 
 loss : but I tell you, that 
 however hard it be, it 
 must be done, because it 
 is Christ that bids you 
 do it, and that you can- 
 not resist doing his will. 
 
 If we look to nature in it- 
 self, because it is more 
 inclined to evil than to 
 good, this is a hard thing 
 for it. But if we look 
 upon it under the gui- 
 dance of grace, the thing 
 that is difficult for it, it 
 will find easy and prac- 
 . ticable. Christ enjoins 
 upon us nothing that is 
 hard. He puts upon us 
 
58 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 lac. Hi opouijeann 
 Cpiopc nio ap bir 
 ooioeanca oumn. Hi 
 cuipeann ualac opainn 
 nac o-cij linn a lorh- 
 cap. 
 
 no burden that is impos- 
 sible for us to bear. 
 
 115. Hi puil oume ap bic 
 oeapcap ap na h-do- 
 bapaib gluaipeap e 
 cum spao beic aije ap 
 a ndimoib, nac j-cuip- 
 pio cpuacan aip pein, 
 ap 6615 a oeanca. Qn 
 ceao aobap Diob ; gup 
 opoaij Cpfopc ouinn a 
 oeanam, ajup od bpij 
 pin, 50 b-puil o'piac- 
 aib opainn a roil oo 
 oeanani. Qn oapa 
 h-aobap, jup ^pdouij 
 Cpiopc pein a ndirhoe 
 ap an c-paojal po, 
 agup 50 b-puil o'piac- 
 aib opamne aicpip DO 
 oeanarh aip. Qn cpeap 
 dobap, an ce nac 
 o-cujann in air earn nap 
 o'a ndirhoib, nf b-pui- 
 516 pe naaiceaihndp. 
 
 There is no person who 
 considers the causes that 
 bind him to love his 
 enemies, that will not 
 force himself to do it. 
 The^r^ of these causes 
 is, that Christ has en- 
 joined us to do it, and 
 that for this reason we 
 are bound to do what 
 is his will. The second 
 cause is, that Christ 
 himself loved his enemies 
 in this world, and that 
 we are bound to imitate 
 him. The third c ause is, 
 that he who forgives not 
 his enemies, shall not 
 obtain forgiveness him- 
 self. 
 
 116. peac anoip, a Chpiop- Behold now, Christian, the 
 oaioe, an connpao acd covenant that exists be- 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 59 
 
 eioip t)ia agup an 
 ouine. ITId maireann 
 cu, mairpioeap ouic. 
 CIjup cuipeann cu-pa 
 peala ap an j-connpao 
 po, corn mime agup a 
 oeip cu DO phaioip, 
 corn mmic a^upa oeip 
 cu, mair oumn ap b-pi- 
 aca oo peip map 
 rhairimio jac piaca, 
 ajup jac cuipre nic- 
 eap 'n ap n-aai6 ; ma 
 bpipeann cu-pa an 
 connpao po, ma bionn 
 cu oanappra, cpuaoa- 
 lac, nearhrpocaipeac 
 pe DO corhappam, beio 
 t)ia Dibeip^eac, DIO- 
 jabrac, nearhrpocai- 
 peac, lear. 
 
 1 17. Mac b-paicimiD 50 lae- 
 rarhail luce na mionn 
 mop, com leagca cum 
 a peacaiD po cap eip 
 paoipioin, ctjup DO 
 bioDap a piarh poirlie ? 
 Hoc b-paicimD luce 
 na opuipe, com claon 
 cum a' peacaio po a 
 n-Diaio paoipioin, ajup 
 DO bioDap a piam 
 
 tween God and man. If 
 you forgive, you shall 
 be forgiven. And to this 
 you set your seal as of- 
 ten as you say the Lord's 
 prayer ; as often as you 
 say, forgive us our debts, 
 as we forgive every debt 
 and every offence that 
 is done against us ; if 
 you break this covenant, 
 if you be harsh, cruel, 
 unmerciful to your 
 neighbours, God will be 
 unforgiving, ruthless, 
 and unmerciful to you. 
 
 Do we not see daily, those 
 who are in the habit of 
 swearing, as much given 
 to this sin after confes- 
 sion of it as they were 
 before ? Do we not see 
 the profligate as much 
 inclined to their sin after 
 confession, as they ever 
 were before ? Do we 
 not see the dishonest 
 
60 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 poime? "Mac b-paici- 
 mio luce na meallco- 
 pacca, a^upna 500015- 
 eacra, coirh leajra 
 CUTTICUID nag-coriiap- 
 pan cap eip paoipmin, 
 ajup DO biooap, a piarh 
 poiriie? Cao e ip ciall 
 DO po, a cdipoe ? O ! 
 aed eapbao Dolaip DO 
 beir oppra 6 cpoioe. 
 t)a m-beir puarDipeac 
 aca ap an b-peaca6, 
 DO peip map opouijeap 
 an airpi^e pipmneac, 
 niop b-eajal ooib cui- 
 cmn ann coni luac po. 
 
 and thievish as much 
 given to pilfering their 
 neighbours' goods after 
 confession as they ever 
 were before it. And 
 what is the meaning of 
 all this, my friends ? 
 Alas I it is that they are 
 without contrition of 
 heart. Had they con- 
 ceived a just hatred of 
 sin, such as true repen- 
 tance implies, there 
 would have been no fear 
 of their falling so soon 
 as this. 
 
 SECT. 2. Extracts from Richardson's Irish Sermons (with 
 the Orthography corrected)* 
 
 118. Ip Ttjinic biop an CUID 
 ip meapa 05 an Dpuinj 
 ip peapp, a$up an CUID 
 ip peapp 05 an opuinj 
 ip meapa, mup amm- 
 nijeap luce an c-pao- 
 ail po IOD. Occ an la 
 Deijionac ciompocap 
 an capoa; oip ann pin 
 be ID jac uile opoc nf 
 o'ap peiDip a pmuai- 
 neao a luce na n-olc 
 
 Oftentimes the best men 
 have the worst, and the 
 worst the best things, as 
 they are called, of this 
 world. But at the last 
 day the scene shall be 
 quite changed : for then 
 all that were ill men 
 shall have all the ill 
 things that can be ima- 
 gined, and nothing at all 
 that is good, as we have 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 61 
 
 ni Beio aon ni 
 maic aca: an can 
 beio gac ni maic od 
 B-peaoaiD o'fappuio, 
 a$ na oaoimtS maire, 
 
 a o" u F 5 an P OC n f a P 
 biraca: mupoeapbap 
 dp o-cijeapna oiimn, 
 aj pao, pacpaio na 
 pipein cum na beara 
 poppume. Qgup ip 
 100 o'a n-joipreap 
 pipein ann po map ruj 
 me oom aipe ceanna 
 o na pannaib oile oe'n 
 caibioil pe, an luce 
 a cpeioiop a n-lopa 
 Cpfopc, agup uime pm 
 od o-cujann pe cu- 
 macca cum piubail a 
 n-aireancaib, ajup a 
 n-6pouijrib an Ci- 
 jeapna ^an milledn, 
 map DO pinneaoap 
 Sacdipiap a^up Glip- 
 ebech, ajup ap an 
 dobappm a oeipceap 
 50 pabaoap apaon pf- 
 peanca a b-pfaonaipe 
 t)e.fcu. i. 6. 
 
 already seen ; whereas, 
 all who were good men, 
 shall have all the good 
 things they can desire, 
 and nothing at all that 
 is bad, as our Lord here 
 assures us, by saying, 
 "the righteous shall go 
 into life eternal." Where, 
 by the righteous, as I 
 have already observed 
 in general from the con- 
 text, we are to under- 
 stand such as believe in 
 Jesus Christ, and there- 
 fore are enabled by him 
 to walk in all the com- 
 mandments and ordi- 
 nances of the Lord 
 blameless, as Zacharias 
 and Elizabeth did, and 
 that reason are both 
 said to be " righteous 
 before God."Lu. i. 6. 
 
 119. CTn oume paiobip uo, 
 DO bi a n-eaoac cop- 
 
 That rich person that " was 
 clothed in purple and 
 
62 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 cpa, agup lin mfn, 
 a^up ap na biaeao 50 
 po-pojamuil gac aon 
 la, an uaip DO cuaio 
 pe 50 h-pepn, nf paib 
 aon bpaon amain uip- 
 56 aige na uipioo ap 
 a leanpao bapp meoip 
 Duine oo compao ann. 
 6uc,xvi. 19,24. 
 
 fine linen, and fared 
 sumptuously every day;" 
 when was got to hell, 
 he had not " one drop of 
 water," not so much as 
 would stick " to the tip 
 of a man's finger," when 
 dipped into it. Luke, 
 xvi. 19, 24. 
 
 120. Qjup an ce o'd 
 
 a calarh copao com 
 h-iomaoamuil pin, nac 
 paib pmuameao 
 ap aon nt, ace a 
 boil DO leijeaD piop, 
 agup a n-oeanum niop 
 paippinje, cum 50 
 m-bfao die aige i n-a 
 D-caipceocao a lolmai- 
 ceap ; ip beag DO paoil 
 pe 50 pgappaD piu 50 
 bpar. Qcc cao DU- 
 baipc ppea^pao t)e 
 pip ? Q amaodin, 
 anocc pein lapppui- 
 6eap h'anam ope, ann 
 pin cia aga m-beiD na 
 neiee DO polaip cu ? 
 6u. xvii. 20. Cia 
 m-beio ? Hi 
 pean gan ampap. t)o 
 b'eioip 50 m-beieoip 
 
 And he whose ground 
 brought forth plenti- 
 fully, so that he thought 
 of nothing but pulling 
 down his barns and 
 building greater, that he 
 might have where to 
 treasure up his goods ; 
 he little thought of ever 
 parting with them. But 
 what said the answer of 
 God to him? "Thou 
 fool, this night shall thy 
 soul be required of thee ;" 
 then whose shall these 
 things be which thou 
 hast provided ? Whose 
 shall they be ? None of 
 his be sure. Other peo- 
 ple, perhaps, may enjoy 
 them for awhile, as he 
 did ; but he, for his 
 part, will have no share 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 63 
 
 peal 05 oaomib oile 
 map bdoap aigepean ; 
 ace ap a pon pan, ni 
 beio cuio ap bioe aije 
 Diob ; nf beio aije aon 
 cpoij oo'n ealmain, 
 nd aon pppuille oo'n 
 apdn, aon bpaom oo'n 
 uipje, aon ceipe oo'n 
 eaoac, nd aon peoip- 
 linj o' aipgioo le n-a 
 g-ceannac, oa b-pa^ao 
 le n-a g-ceannac 100. 
 t)o imrij uaio anoip 
 an rheio oo paocpui 
 pe ap peao a paojail, 
 jan ap a cumap a 
 o-cabaipc ap a n-aip 
 50 bpdr. t)o b'eioip 50 
 paib ceaj bpeaj peal 
 ai^e, ajup an lomao 
 o'eappao paiobip ann; 
 ace anoip ni puil die 
 a j-cuippeao a ceann 
 aije, ace a meaoon 
 lappac a^up eemeeao. 
 t)o bi peapumn, no 
 mameipja^upoo b'pei- 
 oip lomao pi^eacca 50 
 h-iomldn peal i n-a 
 peilb ; ace a noip ip 
 mo cd 05 peap iapea 
 na oeipce ipboicee ap 
 an calmain ma aije- 
 
 at all in them, not so 
 much as one foot of land, 
 one crumb of bread, one 
 drop of water, one rag 
 of clothes, nor so much 
 as one farthing of money 
 wherewith to buy it if 
 he could. All that he 
 laboured for all his life 
 long, it is now all gone, 
 past all possibility of 
 being ever retrieved. He 
 had once, perhaps, a fine 
 house to live in, with a 
 great deal of rich furni- 
 ture ; but now he hath 
 not where to lay his 
 head, but in the midst 
 of flames of fire. He 
 had once farms, or ma- 
 nors, and, perhaps, se- 
 veral whole kingdoms, 
 in his possession ; but 
 now the poorest beggar 
 upon earth hath more 
 than he. He once had 
 a great many friends ; 
 but now he hath not 
 one in all the world. 
 He used to have gold 
 and silver, and a great 
 many fine things, as he 
 thought ; but now he 
 lives in the very extre- 
 
64 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 pean ; DO bi uiriiip riiop 
 DO cdipoe peal ai^e ; 
 ace anoip ni puil aon 
 capaio 'p an -paoal 
 u lie cuge : bet gndr leip 
 aipgeao, agup op DO 
 beir cuge, agup lomao 
 DO neirib bpeda, map 
 Tneap peipean lao ; a 
 cd pe anoip a n-oaop- 
 bpuio naboccameapa, 
 
 a n-Dic $ac uile 
 DO 6eanao mair 66, no 
 DO rheapao pe DO 6ean- 
 pa6 pojnarh DO. 
 
 121. Uaipbeancap na neire 
 po uile 50 po-jlan le 
 ceao bpiarpaib na bpe- 
 ire, cannup an bpei- 
 ream a n-ajaio Dpu- 
 inje na lairirie clT, ea- 
 6on, imrijiD udim-pe; 
 oip 6 cairpiD iTTiceaco 
 uaiD-pean an aon- 
 mair, ip eijin Dcnb im- 
 reacc o^ac uile rriair 
 ap TTIOD nac m-bei6 
 piop maireapa aca 50 
 bpdc apjp. (Igup o 
 oeip pe, a luce na nnal- 
 lacr 50 seme pfop- 
 puibe, uime pin beio 
 
 mity of penury, in the 
 want of every thing that 
 can do him any good, or 
 that he could imagine 
 would do so. 
 
 All this is plainly signified 
 by the first words of the 
 sentence which the judge 
 shall pronounce against 
 those on left hand : 
 " Depart from me ;" for 
 in that they must de- 
 part from him, the only 
 good, they must needs 
 depart from all manner 
 of good, so as never to 
 know what it is any 
 more. And he adds, 
 "ye cursed, into ever- 
 lasting fire ;" they will 
 be thereby condemned 
 also to all manner of 
 
HEADING LESSONS. 
 
 65 
 
 oamcmca cum 
 inle pope uilc, ip pei- 
 oip leo ruijpinno mo- 
 cujao. CCgup ip leip 
 po DO pdiDceap pean- 
 naio na g-ceaopa : ap 
 an aobap, nac b-puil 
 aori ceuopa a pcij 
 na amuij aca i n-a 
 g-copp, na i n-a n-an- 
 inannaib nac m-beio 
 o'a b-pianao pip an 
 b-peanaio po, map cui- 
 peap ap D-njeapna 
 pein a j-ceill ouinn, 
 ancanairnijeapoumn, 
 eagla beir a^uib poim 
 an ce lep peioip an 
 c-anam ajup an copp 
 DO pspiop a n-ipepn. 
 e. x. 28. 
 
 evil, which they can any- 
 way perceive or feel. 
 This is called the punish- 
 ment of sense, because 
 all their senses, both in- 
 ward and outward, both 
 soul and body, shall be 
 affected with it ; as our 
 Lord himself also inti- 
 mated, where he re- 
 quires us to fear him 
 who is able to destroy 
 both soul and body in 
 hell. Math. x. 28. 
 
 122. Sjpioppuioreap lao a- 
 paon an pin, an e-a- 
 nam, agup an copp : 
 nf oeanpuioreap a 
 pgaoileao, na a -cup 
 50 neimnfo, aco beio 
 6a 5-cpao le jac uile 
 peanaio agup ooiljeap 
 ip peioip le ceaccap 
 aca DO mocujao, no 
 
 G2 
 
 They shall both be there 
 destroyed, both soul and 
 body, not dissolved or 
 reduced to nothing, but 
 afflicted with all the pain 
 and anguish that either 
 can be sensible of, and 
 able to endure. As the 
 rich man's body was so 
 tormented in that flame, 
 
66 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 o'pulanj. TTlap DO bf 
 copp an oume paiobip 
 uo com mop pin 6d 
 pianao 5 p an lapaip, 50 
 paib pe 05 lappaio 
 bpaoin uipge map 
 6eipc cum a ceanja 
 loipgri o'puapugao, 
 Y gan an bpaon pem 
 ap paail al 5 e : a 5 u F 
 jac a pacpuio cum na 
 h-aice uo oeipeipeipje 
 na 5-copp beio 'pan 
 loimpjpiopceaona pin. 
 
 123. Qp an aobap pin, md'p 
 cuma lib cao eipeo- 
 cap 6fb 6d eip po, ap 
 connpao poldp bup 
 b-peacuioe beir peal 
 ajuib, peaoaio pib 
 oul ap bup n-ajaio a 
 pip-bpipeao blije oe, 
 le eaoocup i n-a ^eal- 
 lamnaib, agup le map- 
 lujao a anma naom- 
 ra, agup le paillije 
 oeanam a peipbip bup 
 j-cpucuigreopa uile 
 curhaccai j ; ace bioo 
 a piop ajaib 30 o-ciub- 
 pat)iacum bpeiceam- 
 nuip pib urn na 
 
 that he begged, but in 
 vain, for a little water 
 to cool his scorched 
 tongue ; so it shall be 
 with all that shall be 
 there after the resurrec- 
 tion of the body. 
 
 Wherefore, if you care not 
 what becomes of you 
 hereafter, so you may 
 but enjoy u the pleasures 
 of sin for a season," you 
 may still go on to trans- 
 gress the laws, mistrust 
 the promises, profane 
 the name, and neglect 
 the service of your Al- 
 mighty Creator ; but 
 " know that for all these 
 things God will bring 
 you into judgment," at 
 the "great and terrible 
 day of the Lord," and 
 will then condemn you 
 to that " everlasting pu- 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 67 
 
 po uile, an la mop 
 uaebapac uo ap o-Ui- 
 jeapna, agup 50 
 n-oaimneocaio pe an 
 uaip pin pib cum an 
 pionuip pfoppuioe uo, 
 DO cualabap anoip, 
 agup moiceocaiD pib 
 Tnile uaipe niop rneapa 
 ma cualabap, ajup na 
 peaoraoi apmuameao. 
 Qcc, jloip DO t)hid, 
 peaouiD pib a peacnao 
 50 peao, rna'p ail lib 
 pein : oip aca pib a 
 ^-coriinuiDe a D-cal- 
 rhain na m-beo, agup 
 acd jac uile plige a- 
 guib ip peiDip o'ldp- 
 puiD, le b-peaopufoe 
 pib pein DO congbail 
 6 cuicim cum Daman- 
 ca. Uime pin gabaio 
 comaiple upaiD DO 
 bean aril Diob com pao 
 
 c-pli^e paippmj UD DO 
 peolup cu m bap n-Dam- 
 anca, ajup Deanaioe 
 piubal, 6 po amac, 
 'pan c-plije cumaing 
 uo beapup pib cum na 
 beaca pioppuije. lon- 
 
 nishnient" whicli you 
 have now been hearing 
 of, and which you will 
 find to be far greater 
 than you have now heard, 
 or can yet imagine it to 
 be. But, blessed be God ! 
 you are yet in a capacity 
 of avoiding it if you will ; 
 for you are still in the 
 land of the living, and 
 have all the means that 
 can be desired, whereby 
 to prevent you " falling 
 into condemnation." Be 
 advised, therefore, to 
 make use of them while 
 you may, that you may 
 turn out of the way that 
 leads to destruction, and 
 walk for the future in 
 that narrow path that 
 will bring you to " life 
 everlasting ;" that when 
 you come to stand be- 
 fore Christ's tribunal, 
 you may not be set at 
 his " left hand," and 
 from thence go into 
 " everlasting punish- 
 ment," but may be 
 found in the number of 
 the righteous, who shall 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 nup an cpac riocpaio 
 cum beir ann bup 
 peapao a laraip ca- 
 caoipe bpeireamnuip 
 Chpiope, nac g-cuippi- 
 oeap pib ap a laim 
 cli, ajup ap pin 50 
 peanuio gan epic, ace 
 50 m-beiD pib le bup 
 b-pagdil a n-uimip na 
 b-pfpean biap'napea- 
 pao ap a laim 6eip, a- 
 juppacpap ap pin cum 
 na beaca pioppuioe. 
 6ct cotp 6am anoip 
 map an g-ceaona a 
 raipbeanao 6ib cao 
 an beara pioppuioe 
 IJD cum a pacpuio na 
 pipeoin an la oeijea- 
 nac, map t>eip an 
 bpeiceam, acclei^pio 
 me pin ropam 50 o-ci- 
 516 aimpip oile. 
 
 stand on his " right 
 hand," and go from 
 thence into "life eter- 
 nal." I should now, in 
 like manner, shew what 
 is that everlasting life, 
 to which the righteous 
 shall go in the last day, 
 as the judge says, but I 
 shall let that lie by until 
 another occasion come. 
 
 124. Qnoip 50 o-cugao t)ia o'd jpapaib oib pmuameao 
 50 Dirceallac ap a j-cualabap ann po an uaip 
 pe, ap moo 50 o-ciubpao copao uaio ann bup 
 m-beara, a$up ann bup n-jmomapcaib cum nac 
 m-beir baojal opaib an la oeijeanac oul cum an 
 pionuip pioppuioe uo ap a paib me 05 cpdcc lib, 
 ace 50 m-beic pib ollam cum oul a meapj na 
 
READING LESSONS. 69 
 
 b-fipean annp a' m-beaea pfoppuiDe. 
 agup lappdim, po o'arcum^e aip, cpe lopa Chpiopc 
 dp pldnuijeeoip agup dp m-bpeieeam, pibpe, agup 
 mipe D' pajdil an Id mop uo annp a pcaio maie 
 pin. 5^ O1 P a o" u r umlacc 66-pan, agup oo'n ac- 
 aip, agup oo 'n Spiopao Haomea. Cfmen. 
 
 125. tD'eip ^ac neire, ip le dp g-cpeioeam a g-Cpiopc 
 amain, cairpigreap an ^nfom DO nimio, no pinn 
 pern DO ni e, beiu ap gabdil a b-piaondipe t)e : 
 Oip, 516 b'e ap bic DO nfmfo annp a' pcaiD neim- 
 lomldin pe, ma cd 50 n-oeanmaoiD e le jpd- 
 paib, a^up le conjnam Chpiopc pein ; jioeaD map 
 ip pinne pmne e, a cd pe po-neim-iomldn, ajup a 
 b-paD 6 'n b-pipeancacc Deaccui^eap an oli^eao 
 opuinn : agup uime pin 516 b'e Deij-jnfom a paoil- 
 ceap a Deanam linn, map nac b-puil pfp.ceapc 50 
 h-iomldn, ni peioip meap pipedn DO beic opuinne 
 ap a pon aj an t)ia nac b-puil cpfoc ap a cpfon- 
 acc, nd ap a pipceapc, DO beip bpeic ap jac uile 
 nio, ni DO peip map paoilceap a m-beic, ace DO 
 peip map acdio 50 Deimin lonua pein : ace ni puil 
 pinne pipceapc 50 oeimm lonndmn pein, ajup uime 
 pn ni peiDip meap pipeancacca DO beic opainn 
 aige-pean pa aon niD o'd b-puil londinn f 6m ; ace 
 ip i an compopeacc aed a^ainn, 6 D ? urhlui aon 
 mac t)e, DO bi pipeanca 50 h-iomldn, e pein cum 
 bdip, eaoon, bdip na cpoice i n-dp ndouip-ne, agup 
 ap ap pon, an meio DO ceanjalcap pip le cpeiDeam 
 beooa mapeanacja3up a^a n-Deapna6 boill pipedn- 
 ca D ? d copp-pan Diob map pin, 50 b-puil ceapc 
 aca ap a pipeancacc pan, map gup leo pern i ; ajup 
 
70 READING LESSONS. 
 
 uime pin cpe na oeajoibpeaca pan, agup cp& na 
 eaoap-guioe ap a pon DO geibio meap pfpean a 
 laeaip t)e ; map ip coip odib, oo bpij gup ab f 
 an pfpeuncacc acd aca ann-pan an pipeancace ip 
 lomldme peaoup aon cpeacuip 'p an ooman o'pd- 
 jail : a$up ap pon nac b-ptnl pi lonnca pem, ace 
 ann-pan, ip leo-pan ann-pan com maic ajup oa 
 m-beir pi lonnca pem. 
 
 126. lTlap eib pinn an leijion po 6 p6im an r-p 
 
 50 h-iomldn, ^eibmio 50 ofampac e 6 naom Pol, 
 DO bi jan millean ann gac uile nf poipmeallac 
 fcameap pip an b-pfpeancacc aca 'p an o^ijeaD : 
 jmeaD DO bi a accumge opcionn ^ac uile neire a 
 pajail 'p an cijeapna Cpiopc, jan a pfpeancacc 
 f ^in DO be ic aije ramie o'n olijeao, ace an pipean- 
 caco DO rij 6 cpeioeam ag-Cpfopc, an pipeancacc 
 aca o t)hia le cpeioeam. phi. iii. 6, 9. QIC a 
 fc-peicmio 6 ag labaipc ap od ne o'pipeancacc, 
 D'aoin ^ne aca goipeap pe ap b-pipeancacc pem, 
 DO ci o'n olijeao, nac b-peaoann pin DO Deanam 
 pfpeanca, map nac b-puil pi lomldn, ajup uime 
 fin, nt b-f aca an c-abpoal o'lappaio, no, nib ip 
 copa pdo, nt hi amain i, ip pi an ne oile, an jne 
 aca ajuinn cpe cpeioeam a g-Cpiopc, an pipean- 
 cacc nac 6 Duine cij, ace o Dia, eaoon t)ia ap 
 pldnui^ceoip, cp& cpeioearh ann. Qj po an pi- 
 peancacc acd a n-lopa Cpiopc ag na oaoinib cpei- 
 oeap ann, a^up DO pacap amluio ann-pan ajup 
 leice po, map acd pi po lomldn DO niceap pfpeanca 
 lao, agup ^eibio meap pfpeancacca a Idcaip t)^, 
 DO peip map a oem an c-abpcal ceaona an aic 
 
BEADING LESSONS. 7l 
 
 oile ; map ip cpe eapumlacc aon ouine amain oo 
 pmneao peacaijeaca DO mopdn, map an g-ceao- 
 na ip cpe umlacc aon ouine amain eaoon Cpiopc, 
 oeanpuigceap pfpein oo mopdn. T2om. v. 19. 
 
 127- Cfjup an mumcip oo niceap 50 oion^malea mup 
 po pfpeanca lonnca pei^ajuprheapcap beic pipean- 
 ra a 5- Cpiopc, cpe na g-cpeioeam ann, map geab 
 cap luce an pip-cpeioim uile an la oeigeanac, 
 ip lao po na pipem oo pacpap cum na beara piop- 
 puioe. djup ni peioip concabaipc a oeanam 6e 
 50 pacpaio cum na beaca pioppuioe, 6 cdpla pocal 
 Chpiopc pern ann po o'd oeapbao ouinn. 
 
 128. Qco pop, ni leop ouinn, a cpeioeam map po, 
 
 eag Cpiopc ap pon an cine oaonna 50 coiccean, 
 ace, pa oeoio ipcoip oo ^ac uile ouine a cpeioeam 
 gup eag pe ap a pon pein ajup ap pon a peacuioe 
 pein 50 ppepidlca; ap moo 50 g-cuippeao ap pui- 
 ling Cpiopc annp a' ndouip oaonna, 6a peappuin 
 pein aicpije. Oip o cdpla 50 pdioceap 50 poleip, 
 jup blaip Cpiopc an bap ap pon jac uile ouine, 
 bd coip oo gac uile ouine a cpeioeam gup blaip 
 ap a pon pe*m e. Bub. ii. 9. Cljup map nac pea- 
 oann aom-neac po oo cpeioeam, jan aicpije DO 
 oeanam map an ^-ceaona, ni peaoann aom-neac 
 piop-aicpije DO Deanam pa n-a peacuioib uile, nac 
 b-peaoann, agup nac coip DO po cpeioeam, eaoon 
 jup edg Cpiopc ap a pon pein, ajup an pon na 
 b-peacui6e ceaona pin pa a n-oeapna pe aicpije. 
 ITIap po jeibmfo naom pol 05 cup a cpeioim a 
 n-jmorh, aihdil ip beiu aj pealbugao Cpiopc DO 
 
72 READING LESSONS. 
 
 pem. Udim oom ceapao, a oeip pe, pe Cpiopc; 
 gioeao aedim beo, ace nf me pem, ace Cpiopc 
 acd beo lonnam ; agup an beara cdim 05 caiceam 
 anoip 'pan colldmn, ip cpe cpeioeam rhic t)e cai- 
 cim f, noc oo jpaouij me, agup oo cug e pem op 
 mo pon. 5 a ^" ii- 20. 
 
 129. TTlap pogac oume DO nf airpije, agup cpeioeap 'pan 
 c-poipgeal, ba coip 06 a meap ^up oume e pem 
 aja b-puil pealb ap leie ann jac nio oo pmnio, 
 ajup o' pulling Cpiopc ap pon an cimo oaonna, 
 com mop dp oo oeanam agup o' puilmjpeao e 
 amain ap a pon pem : agup map pin acd o'piacaib 
 opam-pa, ajup map an g-ceaona ap jac oume 
 oile, ni heao amain aomdil pe mo beal ? ace a 
 cpeioeaiii ann mo cpoioe, 50 n-oedpna pe 6e pem 
 mac an oume, cum mac t)e oo oeanao oiompa : 
 oo ^ab ap pem mo ndoufp oaonna-pa, cum 50 
 m-beic poinn ajam-pa o'd ndouip oiaoa-pan. t)o 
 coipbpeao e ap pon mo cionca pa, ajup oo cojbao 
 puap apfp e cum mipi oo oeanam pipeanca : t)o 
 pinneao peacao 6e ap mo pon pa cum 50 n-oean- 
 caoioe pfpeancacc t)e 6iom-pa arm-pan: DO eaj pe 
 cum 50 m-bemn-pe beo : agup DO ceapaoap oaoi- 
 ne e, cum ^o m-beic ^loip agam-pa maille le 
 tDhia 50 bpac; oip DO bi jpdo aije opam, ctjup DO 
 cuj e pem ap mo pon. CCgup uime pin anoip 6 
 cdpla 50 j-cuimnijim a bap, agup oap learn, 50 
 b-peicim ap an g-cpoic e, ni peaouim jan ei^earh 
 50 h-dpo, peac uan t)e cojbap leip peacao an 
 oomain 50 coicceann, cigup mo peacuiDepe ap 
 leir. 
 
READING LESSONS. 73 
 
 130. CT lopa spdDaij, a uam t)e, ro^bap peacao an 
 Domain, onopaimio cu, aopaimio ru, ed 5"p aD 
 ajamn ope, oo aonn jup gpaouij cu pmn a j-ceao- 
 oip, ctjup gup jpaouij cu commop pin pmn, 50 
 D-eugaip cu f em aip dp pon. Cao e an cuioeaoa 
 beupam ouic, a ^hldnuijueoip po-^paoaij, pan 
 njpao jan epic, aj^up pan mumceapoap po ? Qcd 
 a piop ajuinn nac b-puil cu 05 lappaio nfop mo, 
 ajup nf peaomaoio-ne mop luja DO cabaipc DUIC 
 nd 5pd6 aip 5pd6. Q^ po uime pin, an ni cd- 
 maoio DO eallamam, cgup acd DO pun aguinn a 
 oeanarh pe DO congnam pein. Cf^up acdmaoio 
 DOD juioe cum ap j-cpoioce DO lionao, a^up DO 
 lapao nfop mo, ajup nfop mo jac aon Id pe DO 
 jpoD pein op cionn jac uile neire, rpep an njpdo 
 jan coim^e UD DO bf, ajupacd cu coilceac a caip- 
 bednao Duinn. 
 
 The Gloria in Excelsis. 
 
 D0 ^nia annp na neamaib po-dpoa, a^up pior- 
 cafn ap an calrham DO na odoinib 05 a b-puil 
 oeajroil. TTlolamaoio cu, beannuijmiD cu, DO 
 beipmio bumeacup DUIC ap pon DO mop-jloipe 
 pein, a cijeapna, a pij neime, a 6e, a acap na 
 n-uile-cumacc. 
 
 Q Chi^eapna, a em-^in TTlbic a n-Orap, a 1OSQ 
 Ch"RlOSU, a Uhijeapna t)ia, a uam t)e, Dean 
 cpocaipe opainn, o'p cu rogbap peacuioe an Dom- 
 ain, gab cujao ap n-upnaije, o'p cu puioeap ap 
 Idim De an arap, Dean cpocaipe opuinn, oip ip cu 
 amain acd ndomua, ip cii amain an ci^eapna, ip 
 H 
 
74 READING LESSONS. 
 
 CTJ ariicun if aipoe, a 1OSQ CI21OSC maille 
 leip an Spiopao Haoriica a ngloip t)e an Qcap. 
 Qmen. 
 
 oo'n Qcaip, agup oo'n ITIhac, ajup oo'n Spio- 
 aio Naorhra ; 
 
 ITlap DO bi ap o-cup, acd anoip, ajup btap 50 bpar. 
 Qmen. 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 75 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 READING LESSONS CONSISTING OF SELECT PASSAGES FROM 
 
 THE HISTORY OF IRELAND, BY KEATING. 
 
 SECT. 1. OftheLia Fail, or Stone of Destiny, brought into 
 Ireland by the Tuatha De Danann. 
 
 Cujaoap Cuara De t)anann 
 leo i n-Bipinn ceirpe peoi- 
 oe uaiple map aca, cloc 
 6 Pailiap, a 5 u F T D1 
 ^aipmceap an 61 a pail, 
 
 a 5 u r T ' D0 5^ imeQ o F a 
 506 pij Gipionn peirh beic 
 05 a rojao 6oib 50 h-aim- 
 pp Concobuip, arhail a 
 oubpamap pomainn ; ap 
 uaire pop ^oiprep Imp 
 Pail o'6ipmn ; a^up ip 
 oo'n cloic pin jaipmceap 
 cloc na cinearhna, oip DO 
 bi i ^-cmeao of Jibe aic 
 i n-a m-bfao an cloc, 
 ouvne DO cinneat) Scuir, 
 .1. DO piol fllileao Gap- 
 pdine,oo beir i bplaireap 
 na cpice pin, DO peip map 
 laajrap 05 Hector Boethius 
 
 The Thuatha De Danann 
 brought with them into 
 Ireland four precious ra- 
 rities ; namely, a stone 
 from Falias, called the 
 Lia Fail, which used to 
 roar under each king of 
 Ireland upon his elec- 
 tion, until the time of 
 Connor, as we mentioned 
 before. It is from it 
 also that Ireland is called 
 Innisfail. And it was 
 the same stone that was 
 called the stone of des- 
 tiny, for it was destined 
 for it, that wherever it 
 should be placed, a per- 
 son of the Scottish race, 
 i. e. of the descendants of 
 Milesius of Spain, should 
 
76 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 i pcaip na h-Glban ; a$ be possessed of the sove- 
 po map a oeip : reignty of that country 
 
 [Ireland], as we read in 
 Hector Boethius's His- 
 tory of Alban [_i. e. Scot- 
 land J. Here are his words: 
 
 " Ni faUat fatum, Scoti quocunque locatum 
 Invenient lapidem, regnare tenentur ibidem" 
 
 Cmnea6pcuic,paop an pine, " The Scotic race, a noble 
 
 tribe, 
 Unless the prophecy be 
 
 false, 
 Where they find the Lia 
 
 Fail, 
 Empire there they've 
 
 right to assume." 
 Qp na meap DO cmeao The Scots being persuad- 
 
 TTlun bu6 bpeu an paipowe, 
 TTlap a B-pui^io an 6ia Pail, 
 plaireap oo jab" ail. 
 
 Scuic an buaio pin DO 
 fceir 05 an j-cloic pin, lap 
 njabail neipc na h-Ql- 
 ban D' pheapgup mop mac 
 Gapca, a^up lap 'na cup 
 poivhe pij Qlban oo jaipm 
 oe pern, cuipeap piop i 
 n-odil a oeapbpdrap 
 TTlhuipceapcai^ rhic 6ap- 
 ca, DO piol Gipiomom, pa 
 pi^Gipionn an ran pin, D'CC 
 ?appui6 aip an cloc pin DO 
 cup cuige pein i n-Qlbam 
 pe pui6e uippe pe h-ucc 
 CClban DO jaipm DC; 
 
 ed that such power was 
 possessed by this stone, 
 Fergus the Great, son 
 of Ere, having subdued 
 the kingdom of Alban, 
 and being determined to 
 have himself proclaimed 
 king, sent an embassy 
 to his brother, Murtogh, 
 son of Ere, of the seed 
 of Eirevon, who was king 
 of Ireland at that time, 
 requesting him to send 
 him the stone to Alban 
 for him to sit upon at 
 
BEADING LESSONS. 
 
 77 
 
 pdinij an cloc map 
 pin e*, ajup oo gaipmeao 
 "Rij Qlban ap an j-cloic 
 6e. Q^up ip e ceao oume 
 oap jaipmeao pi Qlban 
 DO cineao Scuic e, ajup 
 pop cap ceann 50 D-CUJ- 
 caoi pioja Qlban ap cuio 
 DO Cpuirneacuib, .1. na 
 PICCI, pul DO pfojao 
 Peapgup, maipeao ni pai- 
 be aon-pij lomlan ofob 
 jan beic pa ciop agup pa 
 cam DO pfojaib Bipionn 6 
 aimpip 50 h-aimpip, a^up 
 50 h-aipigre 6 aimpip 
 Bipearhom mic TYlileao 
 aleir, lep cuipeao na picei 
 D na h-Qlban a 
 , amail a Deapam 
 oa eip po a^ labaipc ap 
 plaireap Gipiorhom, 50 
 plaireap an peapjupa po. 
 
 t)ala na cloice, DO bt aca 
 peal aimpipe DIOID i n-Di- 
 ai6, 50 painij Da eip pin 
 50 Saspoib, ajup 50 
 
 H2 
 
 the time of his inaugu- 
 ration ; whereupon the 
 stone was sent to him, 
 and he was appointed 
 king of Alban upon it. 
 And he was the first 
 prince of the Scottish 
 race who was styled king 
 of Alban ; and, more- 
 over, although some of the 
 Cruithneans, i. e. Picts, 
 before the coronation of 
 Fergus, were styled kings 
 of Alban, yet there was 
 not one of them so inde- 
 pendently king, as not 
 to be under tax and tri- 
 bute to the kings of 
 Ireland, from time to 
 time, and especially from 
 the time of Eirevon, son 
 of Milesius, by whom the 
 Picts were sent out of 
 Leinster to settle in 
 Alban, to the reign of 
 this Fergus, as we shall 
 mention hereafter, in de- 
 tailing the reign of Eire- 
 von. 
 
 As for the stone, they kept 
 it for many successive 
 ages, until at length it 
 found its way into Eng- 
 
78 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 b-puil i n-oiu pd'n j-ca- 
 raoip i n-a n-gaipmreap 
 1^15 Sagpan, ap 'na cab- 
 aipc a h-Qlbam 50 
 h-airhoeonac a TTlainip- 
 ceap Scone, agup ip e an 
 ceao Gaobapo pi Sampan 
 rug leip i ; lonnup gup 
 piopao capngaipe na 
 cloice pin 'p an P'5 Y a " 
 guinn anoip, .1, Seaplup, 
 ajup i n-a acaip "Ri Sea- 
 mup ramie DO cmeao 
 Scuic, map a cd oo pliocc 
 mdine, rhic Cuvpc, rhic 
 Cujoeac, ramie 66ibeap, 
 liiac TTIileao 6appdire, 
 map gup gabaoap gaipm 
 pfj na Sagpan ap an 
 g-cloic peampdioce. 
 
 land, where it remains 
 to this day, under the 
 throne on which the 
 king of England is usu- 
 ally crowned, having 
 been brought by force 
 from Alban, from the 
 abbey of Scone, by Ed- 
 ward I. king of England : 
 so that the prediction 
 respecting this stone has 
 been verified in our pre- 
 sent king Charles, and 
 his father James (whose 
 descent is of the Scot- 
 tish race, namely, from 1 
 Mainy, son of Core, son 
 of Lovey, of the poste- 
 rity of Eiver, son of Mi- 
 lesius of Spain), since 
 they were crowned kings 
 of England upon this 
 stone. 
 
 SECT. 2. Of the Time of the Coming of the Milesians to 
 settle in Ireland. 
 
 Q oeip Cop mac naomca Holy Cormac Mac Cuille- 
 mac Cuillenndm, agup nain, and the Book of 
 
 Conquests of Ireland, as- 
 sert, that it was about 
 1300 years before Christ 
 that the sons of Milesius 
 came into Ireland. And 
 
 ab cuaipnn cpf ce- 
 ao oeag bliaoam poim 
 ChRlOSUcdngaoap mic 
 ITiileao i n-6ipinn. 
 
HEADING LESSONS. 
 
 79 
 
 ard Polychronicon ag ceacc 
 leo ap an dipeam pin, map 
 a o-cpdccann aip 6ipmn ; 
 05 po map a oeip ; ab ad- 
 ventu Iberniensium usque 
 ad obitum sancti Patricii 
 sunt anni mille octingenti. 
 Qcaio (ap pe) occ j-ceao 
 oeag bliaoam 6 roioeacc 
 na n-6ipionnac 50 bap 
 pdccpaic. lonann pin pe 
 a paoa, agup 511 p ab cuai- 
 pim epi ceao oeaj blia- 
 6am pul pu^ao CT21OSU 
 ranjaoap mic ITIileaD i 
 n-Bipinn; oip bain an oct 
 bliaoam oeaj a^upceiqie 
 picic aip ceirpe ceao, 6 
 jem ChRlOSU 50 bap 
 pdccpaic, DO na h-occ 
 j-ceao oeaj bliaoam uo 
 dipmeap Polychronicon oo 
 beir 6 roioeacc mac \Y\\- 
 leao i n-Bipmn 50 bap 
 pdccpaic, ajup od peip 
 pin acd occ m-bliaona ap 
 cpt ceao oea^ 6 coioeacc 
 mac FHileao i n-6ipinn 50 
 gem Ch'RIOSU; lonnup 
 50 o-cij Polychronicon 
 agup Copmac naomra 
 niac Cuillenam agup na 
 
 the Polychronicon agrees 
 with them in this num- 
 ber, where it speaks of 
 Ireland. Here are its 
 words : [For the original 
 quotation see the ad- 
 joining column]. 
 " There are," it says, "eigh- 
 teen hundred years from 
 the coming of the Irish 
 to the death of Patrick." 
 This is the same as to 
 say that it was about 
 thirteen hundred years 
 before the birth of 
 Christ, that the sons of 
 Milesius came into Ire- 
 land : for, subtract the 
 492 years from the birth 
 of Christ to the death of 
 Patrick, from those 1800 
 years which the Poly- 
 chronicon enumerates as 
 having intervened be- 
 tween the coming of the 
 Milesians into Ireland 
 and the death of Pa- 
 trick, and there will con- 
 sequently remain 1308 
 years from the coming 
 of the Milesians into Ire- 
 land until the birth of 
 
80 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 leabaip Cabala 50 h-ioin- 
 lan pe ceile. 
 
 Christ. So that the 
 Polychronicon, and holy 
 Cormac Mac Cuillenain, 
 and the Book of inva- 
 sions, entirely agree with 
 one another. 
 
 SECT. 3. Of the Coming of the Cruithneans or Picts to 
 Ireland, their Battle with the Inhabitants, and Removal to 
 Britain. 
 
 Ip i b-plaiceap Giperhoin, 
 imoppo, cangaoap Cpuic- 
 ni, .1. Picti, pluaj DO 
 rpiall 6'n Thracia, 50 
 h-6ipipn, DO pip Cop- 
 maic mic Cuillennam i 
 n-a paleaip, ajup gabaio 
 cuan 05 Inbeap Slam^e. 
 Uij Beda leip an HID po, 
 ace amain 50 n-abaip gup 
 ab pan lei cuaio o'Bipinn 
 cangaoap i D-cip. Qj po 
 map a oeip 9 p an ceao 
 caibioil Do'n ceao leabap 
 po pcptob DO praip eaj- 
 laipe Sctjpan, Contigit gen- 
 tem Pictorum de Scyihia 
 (ut perhibent) longis navibus 
 non multis Oceanum ingres- 
 sam, circumagentejlatu ven- 
 torum, extra fines omnes 
 Britannice Hiberniam per- 
 
 It was, moreover, in the 
 reign of Eirevon, that the 
 Cruithneans, i. e. Picts, a 
 people of Thrace, came 
 to Ireland (according to 
 the account given by 
 Cormac MacCuillenain in 
 his Psalter), and landed 
 in Slaney harbour. Bede 
 agrees with this account, 
 except that he says that 
 it was in the north of 
 Ireland they landed. 
 
 Here is what he says in 
 the first book that he 
 wrote of the Church 
 History of England. 
 
 [See the adjoining column 
 for the original Latin 
 quotation, which will be 
 found in Bede's Hist. 
 Eccles. Gentis Anglorum, 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 81 
 
 venisse, ejusque Septentrio- 
 
 nales oras intrasse^ atque 
 
 inventa ibi gente Scotlorum, 
 
 sibi quoque in partibus illius 
 
 sedes petisse, nee impetrare 
 
 potuisse. Uapla DO cmeao 
 
 na b-picc ceacc 6'n Scy- 
 
 .thia omuil a oeipceap, i 
 
 Tn-beagdn DO lomgeap 
 
 paoa 'pan oijean pe peo- 
 
 Ia6 no pe peiDeao na 
 
 n-jaor coi^eace leac a- 
 
 Tnuij DO uile reopannuib 
 
 na 6piocaine 50 h-Gipmn, 
 
 ajup ap b-paail cimo 
 
 Scuic pompa, DO mppa- 
 
 oap ionaD corhnuioe 66ib 
 
 pein ann pin, ctjup nt 
 
 b-puaipeaoap. Jj 1Deao n ' 
 
 i D-cuaipceapc Gipeann 
 
 cangaoap i D-cfp, ace 
 
 aj bun Inbip Slainje i 
 
 g-cuan oca 
 
 aiiiail a Dubpumap. 
 
 ramie Cpiorhrann Sciar- 
 
 beal DO bi i cceannup 
 
 ^aijean 6 Gipearhon an 
 
 uaip pin, i n-a n-Dail ann 
 
 pin agup DO pinne cdip- 
 
 oeap piu. Ip iao po pa 
 
 caoipi Do'n cablac pin, 
 
 eaDon, 5 UD a 5 u F a T ^ jac 
 
 Carluan, agup ip uime 
 
 lib. i. cap. 1, the trans- 
 lation of which is as fol- 
 lows] : 
 
 " It happened that the 
 Pictish race came from 
 Scythia, as it is said, in 
 a few long galleys, over 
 the ocean, by the drift 
 or blowing of the winds, 
 into Ireland, passing out- 
 side all the British coasts. 
 And finding the Scottish 
 race before them, they 
 asked for a settlement 
 there for themselves, and 
 did not obtain it." 
 However, it was not in the 
 north of Ireland they 
 landed, but, as we have 
 said, at the mouth of the 
 Eiver Slaney, in the har- 
 bour of Loch Garman 
 [Wexford bay]. And 
 Criffan Skeeavel, who 
 was sovereign of Leinster 
 at that time, under Eire- 
 von, came to meet them 
 there, and formed a 
 friendship with them. 
 The leaders of this expe- 
 dition were Gud, and 
 
82 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 DO ceanjail Cpiomcann 
 ccnpoeap piu, DO bpij 50 
 pabaoap oponga o'uaiplib 
 na 6peacame, D'CC n-^oipcf 
 Cuaea pioDJa, 05 gabdil 
 neipc i b-pocapraib DO gac 
 leic DO bun na Slcnnge. 
 Ip amlaio DO bdoap an 
 oponj pin, agup nim aip 
 apm gac aom aca, lonnup 
 rndo beag no mop an 
 cpeacc DO gnfrf leo, nf 
 abao leijeap ap bioc 
 ^peim oo'n ocap 50 b-pa* 
 506 bap, a^up DO cuala 
 Cpioiiic-ann 50 paib opaoi 
 oeij-eolac D'CC n-joipct 
 Upopodn i b-pocaip na 
 j-Cpuirneac DO beapao 
 leijeap DO pern, ajup o'ct 
 vhumncip, a j-coinne na 
 nniie DO bfob ap apmaib 
 Uuac-a ptoDJa, a^up DO 
 piappai^ DO Cpopoan 
 cpeao an leijeap DO 6ea- 
 nao i n-agaiD nime apm 
 na Dpomje UD DO luai- 
 Deamap. Cuipreap leac 
 ap Upopoan, cpi caojao 
 bo maol pionn D'a g-cpuD, 
 agup cmpreap an lace 
 DO jeabcap uara i log ap 
 lap an ihacaipe i n-a 
 
 Catliluan, his son ; and 
 Criffan's reason for form- 
 ing a friendship with 
 them was, that there 
 were certain British 
 nobles, named Feehys, 
 establishing themselves 
 in Forth, on each side of 
 the mouth of the Slaney. 
 These people had all of 
 them poisoned arms ; so 
 that whatever wound 
 they inflicted, whether 
 it were great or small, 
 the patient received no 
 benefit from medicine, 
 but inevitably died ; and 
 CrhTan heard that there 
 was a very skilful druid 
 among the Cruithneans, 
 named Trosdan, who 
 would give him a remedy 
 for himself and his people, 
 against the poisoned arms 
 of the Feehys ; and he 
 accordingly asked Tros- 
 dan, what cure he was 
 to use against the poi- 
 soned arms of the afore- 
 said people. Get milked 
 150 white cows without 
 horns, said Trosdan, and 
 let the milk taken from 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 83 
 
 jcleaccap lib beir 05 
 compac pin, ajup pogaip 
 car oppa ap an macaipe 
 g-ceaona, agup gac aon 
 060 mumncip loiepfoeap 
 leo, ceijeao 'p an ^o" ' a 
 porpajao, a^up buo plan 
 6 om na nirhe e. t)o 
 jniceap le Cpiomcann a 
 n-oubaipc an opaoi, agup 
 pojpap car Qpoa leani- 
 nacca ap Uuacaib PIOD- 
 ^a, a^up bpipeap ooib 50 
 a n-oeapg-dp ann. 
 
 t>dla na j-Cpuirneac ann 
 pin, map a ca ^ uo a 5 u F 
 Cacluan a rhac, cuipio 
 poinpa neapc 6aijean oo 
 jabail, a^up map DO cua- 
 laio Gipeamon pin, ciono- 
 lup pluaj lionmap, ajup 
 cij o'd n-ionpai^e, ajup 
 map oo concaoap na 
 Cpuirnij gan 100 pein 
 lion cacuijre pip ceanj- 
 laio pic ajup cdipoeap 
 pip. Noccap Gipeamon 
 ooib 50 paibe ouraio oo'n 
 ic roip cuaio o' Bipmn 
 
 them be put in a pit in 
 the middle of the field 
 where you are accus- 
 tomed to fight with them, 
 and provoke them to 
 battle there, and every 
 one of your people that 
 is wounded by them, let 
 him bathe in the pit, and 
 he shall be healed from 
 the poisoned wound. 
 Criffan acted according 
 to the Druid's advice, 
 and proclaimed the battle 
 of Ardlennachta against 
 the Feehys, and there 
 defeated them with 
 bloody slaughter. 
 As for the Cruithneans 
 then, namely, Gud and 
 his son Cathluan, they 
 determine to seize upon 
 Leinster ; and when Ei- 
 revon heard this, he 
 assembles a numerous 
 army, and proceeds a- 
 against them. But the 
 Cruithneans, perceiving 
 that they were not of 
 themselves able to fight 
 them, made peace and 
 friendship with him. 
 Eirevon informs them 
 
84 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 a Dubaipc piu oul 
 o'a n-aiciugao. Ip ann 
 pin DO lappaoap Cpuirnig 
 ap Bipearhon cuio DO na 
 rnncub uaiple DO bi i 
 n-aoncurha aige pein DO 
 rrmdib na D-caoipeac reti- 
 me leo 6'n Bappdm, Dap 
 mapbao a b-pip, DO cab- 
 aipc Doib pein, DO peip 
 Beda pan ceao caibiDil 
 Do'n ceao leabap DO praip 
 na Sagpan, agup DO cean- 
 jlaDap paca ^P^ lne a 5 u r 
 Gapca oppa pein gup 
 ab mo DO bia6 pio^acc 
 Cpuicean-cuar, pip a 
 pdiDceap Qlba i n-oiu, aj 
 a pealbujao 6 bapancup 
 pleacca na m-ban ma 6 
 bapanncup pleacca na 
 b-peap, 50 epic an beaca. 
 Cuj Bipeamon ap an 
 n-acc pin cpiup ban ooib 
 .1. bean 6peipi, bean 
 
 agup jabup Carluan pa 
 apo-raoipeac 66ib, bean 
 oiob DO pein. Upialluio 
 ann pin joCpuicean-cuar, 
 agup DO jab Carluan 
 neapc na cpice pin, ajup 
 pa he ceao pigQlbanoo 
 
 that there was a country 
 north-east of Ireland, 
 which he advised them 
 to go and settle in. Upon 
 this the Cruithneans 
 asked Eirevon for some 
 of the women who were 
 marriageable, of those 
 that were with him, of 
 the wives of the chiefs 
 who came with them 
 from Spain, whose hus- 
 bands had been killed 
 (according to Bede, in 
 the first chapter of the 
 first book of the History 
 of the English). And 
 they bound themselves 
 by the ties of sun and 
 moon, that the sove- 
 reignty of the Cruith- 
 nean country, now called 
 Alban, should be rather 
 possessed in right of the 
 female than the male de- 
 scent for ever. Eire- 
 von, upon this condition, 
 gave them three women, 
 namely, the wife of Bres, 
 the wife of Buas, and the 
 wife of Buaney. And 
 Cathluan, who was their 
 principal leader, took 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 85 
 
 Chpuirneacaib e, arhail 
 leajcap ippalcaipChaipil, 
 'pan ouain cap ab eopac, 
 " a eolca Qlban uile." 
 
 one of these for himself. 
 They then departed for 
 the Cruithnean country, 
 and Cathluan seized the 
 sovereignty there, and 
 was the first king of Al- 
 bany of the Cruithnean 
 race, as we read in the 
 Psalter of Cashel, in the 
 poem beginning " Ye 
 learned of Alba all." 
 
 SECT. 4. Of Ollamh Fola, and the Convention, or Feis, of 
 Tarah, instituted by him. 
 
 t)o jab Ollam Poola, mac Ollav Fola, son of Fiachy 
 
 Finscotha, reigned over 
 Ireland thirty years, and 
 died in his own house. 
 He was called Ollav 
 Fola, because of his be- 
 ing accomplished in phi- 
 losophy, and wisdom, 
 and in understanding of 
 laws, and in settlement 
 of statutes in Ireland in 
 his days, and it was by 
 him the Feis of Tara was 
 first established in Ire- 
 land. 
 
 lonann lomoppo peipUeam- The Feis of Tara was the 
 pac a^up piojoail coic- same as a royal conven- 
 cionn amuil Parliament, tion, like a Parliament, 
 map accijjuDcoirhrionol in which the nobles and 
 
 piacaio Pionpcocaig pioj- 
 acc 6ipeann cpiocao blia- 
 jam, ajup a euj 'na riiup. 
 Ip uime ^oipceap Ollam 
 poola 6e, DO bpij 50 
 paibe 'n-a ollam a b-pili- 
 oeacc, agup a n-eajna, 
 ajup i n-eolup pe peac- 
 coib, ctjup pe olijcib 
 o'opoujao i n-6ipmn i n-a 
 pe, ajup ip leip oo pmneao 
 peip Uearhpac ap ccup i 
 n-Bipmn. 
 
86 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 uapal agup ollaman Gip- 
 eann 50 Cearhpaij jaca 
 cpeap bliaoam um Sharii- 
 pum map a j-cleaccaoi 
 leo peacca ajup olijre 
 D'arnuaDugao, agup o'op- 
 oujao, agup ppomao DO 
 Deanam aip peancupagup 
 ap peanoala Bipionn. Ip 
 ann pop DO h-opouijeao 
 lonao puioe DO jac ceann 
 pea6na od m-bio6 op 
 cionn na laocpuioe DO 
 bioD aip buannacc aj 
 pfojaib a 5 up a 5 ci^eap- 
 naouib 6ipeann. t)o bto6 
 pop DO nop i b-peipUearii- 
 pac, gibe DO DeanaD 5010, 
 DO buaileao neac, no D'ITTV- 
 pea6 apm aip, b6p DO 
 rabaipc DO, agup gan 
 neapc 05 an pfj pein, net 
 05 aon eile mairrheacap 
 DO cabaipc ? p an snioiTi pin 
 DO. t)o cleacraoi pop leo 
 beir aip peab pe la 05 
 comol pul DO pui6ea6 an 
 piajoail, map aca, cpt Id 
 poim Shamuin, ajup cpf 
 Id D'CX h-eipi 05 pnaomao 
 pioccdna agup 05 cean- 
 gal cdipoeapa pe cede. 
 
 learned of Ireland used 
 to meet every third year 
 at Tarah, at the Feast of 
 Samhuin ; and in which 
 they used to reform and 
 settle acts and statutes, 
 and regulate the annals 
 and records of Ireland. 
 Here also there was a 
 seat assigned to each of 
 the generals who com- 
 manded the armies in 
 the service of the kings 
 and rulers of Ireland. It 
 was also a rule at the 
 Feis of Tara, that who- 
 soever committed a rob- 
 bery, or struck or as- 
 saulted any one, should 
 suffer death, without the 
 king himself, or any 
 person else, having power 
 to pardon the crime. 
 They used also to as- 
 semble and enjoy festi- 
 vity together six days 
 before the sitting of the 
 council, that is three 
 days before the Feast of 
 Samhuin, and three days 
 after it, thus confirming 
 peace and establishing 
 friendship with one ano- 
 ther. 
 
READING LESSONS. 
 
 87 
 
 SECT. 5. Enumeration of the Episcopal Sees in Ireland. 
 
 Qcdioceirpe h-aipoeapboij 
 i n-Bipinn, map a ca, 
 Gpoeapbog Gpoamaca, 
 Ppiompaio na h-6ipeann 
 uile, Gpoeapboj Gra- 
 cliaCyGpoeapboo" Chaipil, 
 ajup Gpoeapboj Uhua- 
 ma. 
 
 Ip pa'n Ppiompaio acam na 
 h-eapbui po piop; Gap- 
 bog; na Hlioe, no oo peip 
 Cambden, Bapbo?; Gil na 
 ITHpeann, .1. Uipneac, oip 
 ip ainm oo'n Ifj aca i 
 n-Uipneac Gil na ITIi- 
 pean; lonann lomoppoGil 
 ajup liaj no cloc, agup 
 DO Bpij jup ab i an cloc 
 pin an ceopa loip na ceir- 
 pe coi^eaoaib o*ap bain- 
 eao na ceicpe mipe o'ct 
 n-oeapnao an TTlhioe, ,00 
 goipeao Gil na TTIfpeann 
 of, agup joipceap leac na 
 ^-coijeao map an j-ceao- 
 na 6i ; 6apbo Dhuin-oa- 
 lear-jlap, Bapbo^Chloc- 
 cup, Bapboj Chumnipe, 
 6apboj Gpoacam, 6ap- 
 boj Raua-boc, Bapboj 
 
 There are in Ireland four 
 archbishops, viz. : the 
 Archbishop of Armagh, 
 Primate of all Ireland ; 
 the Archbishop of Dub- 
 lin ; the Archbishop of 
 Cashel ; and the Arch- 
 bishop of Tuam. 
 
 Under the primate are the 
 following bishops : the 
 Bishop of Meath, or, ac- 
 cording to Cambden, the 
 Bishop of Ail na Mireann, 
 i e. Uishnagh ; (for Ail is 
 the same as flag or stone, 
 and on account of that 
 stone being the boun- 
 dary between the four 
 provinces, from which 
 were taken the four por- 
 tions of which Meath was 
 composed, it was called 
 Ail na Mireann [i.e. the 
 stone of the portions], 
 and it was also called the 
 provincial stone ;) the 
 Bishop of Dun-da-leth- 
 glas, [i. e. Down] ; the 
 Bishop of Clogher ; the 
 Bishop of Connor ; the 
 
88 
 
 READING LESSONS. 
 
 ij, Gapboj 
 t)bailmocaip, Gapbog 
 Ohoipe. 
 
 Pa Qpoeapboj Oca-cliac 
 aca Gapbo 5^^ lnne Da 
 loca, Gapboj Peapna, 
 Gapbog Oppaioe, Gapboj 
 
 Chille-oapa. 
 
 PCX CCpoeapbo^ Chaipil aca 
 Cbille oa 
 
 ij, Gapboj 
 Innpe Caraij, Bapboj 
 Cbille Pionnabpac, 6ap- 
 boj Itnli^, Bapboj "Ropa 
 Cpe, Gapboj pbuipc- 
 laip^e, Bapboj 6eapa 
 TDboip, Gapboj Cbluana, 
 Bapboj Copcaije, 6ap- 
 boj Ruip ua Caipbpe, 
 ajup Bapboj Qpoa pep- 
 ca. 
 
 Pa Qpoeapboj Uuama aca 
 Gapbog Cbille mictDuac, 
 Gapboj TTlbuije-eo, Ga)>- 
 boj GanactDum, Gapbog 
 Cbille lapraip, Gapboj 
 "Ropa Comain, Gapboj 
 
 Bishop of Ardagh ; tlie 
 Bishop of Eaphoe ; the 
 Bishop ofKathLuc; the 
 Bishop of Dalmochar ; 
 the Bishop of Derry. 
 
 Under the Archbishop of 
 Dublin are : the Bishop of 
 Glendalough ; the Bishop 
 of Ferns ; the Bishop of 
 Ossory ; the Bishop of 
 Leighlin ; and the Bishop 
 of Kildare. 
 
 Under the Archbishop of 
 Cashelare: the Bishop of 
 Killaloe ; the Bishop of 
 Limerick; the Bishop of 
 Inniscathy ; the Bishop 
 of Kilfenora; the Bishop 
 of Eraly ; the Bishop of 
 Roscrea ; the Bishop of 
 Waterford ; the Bishop 
 of Lismore ; the Bishop 
 of Cloyne ; the Bishop of 
 Cork ; the Bishop of 
 Rosscarbery ; and the 
 Bishop of Ardfert. 
 
 Under the Archbishop of 
 Tuam are : the Bishop 
 of Kilmac-duagh ; the 
 Bishop of Mayo ; the Bi- 
 shop of Enachdun ; the 
 Bishop of Kill-Iarthar ; 
 
READING LESSONS, 
 
 89 
 
 Chlucma Pepca, Bapboj 
 Cleaio Conaipe, Gapboj 
 
 namne, 6apbo Chille 
 nionuac, ajup Gapbog 
 Qile-pmn. 
 
 Ip i aoip an Uijeapncr, DO 
 peip Cambden, an can oo 
 h-opouigeao na ceirpe 
 apoeapboig i n-Gipmn 
 mile, ceao, ajup oa bliaj- 
 ain aip 6a picceao. 
 
 t)o cuip me mopan eapboj 
 ann po pfop, aip lopj 
 Cambden, nac B-puil ap 
 congbail anoip, na car- 
 aoip Bapboig mnce, ace 
 lao ap n-a ^-cup ap ccul, 
 ajup cuio eile ap n-a 
 j-ceanjal o'a ceile 6fob, 
 ajup ap n-a ccup pa aon- 
 Bapboj, map ara Ciop- 
 mop ajup popclaipje pa 
 aon-eapboj, Cluam ajup 
 Copcaij pa aon eapboj 
 eile, ajup mup pin ooib 6 
 pom amac. 
 
 the Bishop of Roscom- 
 mon ; the Bishop of Clon- 
 fert ; the Bishop of Ach- 
 onry ; the Bishop of Kil- 
 lala ; the Bishop of Co- 
 nainn ; the Bishop of 
 Kill-mo-nuach ; and the 
 Bishop of Elphin. 
 The year of our Lord in 
 which the four archbi- 
 shops were appointed in 
 Ireland, was, according 
 to Cambden, 1 152. 
 
 I have set down here from 
 Cambden, several bishops 
 that do not now exist, 
 and for whom there are 
 no episcopal cities, some 
 of them having been 
 suppressed, and some of 
 them united to others, 
 and placed under one 
 bishop ; as, for instance, 
 Lismore and Water- 
 ford, under one bishop; 
 Cloyne and Cork, also 
 under one bishop ; and 
 so of the rest. 
 
 i2 
 
90 HEADING LESSONS. 
 
 SECT. 6. Of Nial Naoighiallach, Monarch of Ireland, his 
 Expedition to Scotland and France, and Capture of St. 
 Patrick. 
 
 Qoipdjeapna377. 
 
 caiomuiJTTieaDoinjDO piolGipiomoin, piojacoGipeann 
 27. m-bliaona. Qp e an Niall po DO cuaio 50 pluaij 
 lionmap maille pip oo neapcujao agup *>o ppeamugao 
 t)halpiaoa ajup cinneao Scuic i n-Qlbom, DO bf pa'n 
 am pom a gabail neipc ap Chpuirneacaib o'ci n-goipri 
 Pica; ajup ip e ceao oume cug Scotia D'amm ap 
 Qlbain e, ap impme Dhalpiaoa, agup cinneao Scuic, 
 ap comjioll 50 m-bo Scotia Minor, no Scotia ba luja 
 DO beappraoi uippe, ajup Scotia Major, .1. Scotia ap 
 mo DO joippibe o-Gipmn. 
 
 Q Deip Tpo^ Nennim, u^oap 6peacnac, DO peip Cambden, 
 jup ab pan cearpamaD h-aoip DO jabaoap na Scythia 
 .1. cinneao Scuic pealb na h-Bipeann. Qp pollup pop 
 a b-analuib Bipeann jup ab Qlba pa h-amm Don epic 
 50 h-aimpip Neill Haoi^iallac, ajup map puapaoap 
 tDalpiaoa Scotia DO rabaipr ap Qlba, DO leanaoap 
 pern ajup a pliocc oo'n umm o pom aleir : 5 1DeaD 
 ^aobeil Bipeann DO coimeaDaoap an c-amm puapa- 
 oap pompa ap an c-cpic, .1. Qlba ; ajup ip e pin 
 jaiprmo pern ajup a pliocc 01. T^oime pin icmoppo 
 Alba no Albania pa h.amm 61, o Albanactus an cpeap 
 mac DO Brutus, oip ap f Qlba painic mup cuio ponna 
 DO 6 n-a acaip. 
 
 Upiup mac lomoppo DO bi 05 Brutus, DO peip Monomo- 
 tensis, map aca Laogirius, Camber, a gup Albanactus; 
 ajup DO pomn Brutus oileann na 6piocame moipe 
 eacoppa, a^up 6uj DO Laogirius, Laogria, aca ap na 
 plomneao uaio pern; ajupapoi jaipreap -d^^'a amu. 
 
READING LESSONS. 91 
 
 oo Camber, Cambria, oa n-goipceap 6peacam 
 amu ; ajup an cpeap rmp oo Albanactus, o ccujcap 
 Albania ap Qlboin. 
 
 Ueio Niall oa eip pin 50 h-Qlbom 50 Laogria Ifa n-a 
 pluaij, ctgup oo pmne poplongpopc innce, ajup cuip- 
 eap cablac 50 6peacom na Ppamcge oa n-goipreap 
 Armorica, oapccom na cpice 50 ccujaoap oa ceuo 
 bpaijoe oo leanb uaiple leo i n-Bipinn ; a$up ip ap 
 m-bpoiopin ccugaoap paccpuic leo an aoip a pe 
 m-bliajam oeaj, a^up oa piaip 60, map aca Lupita 
 ajup Darerca, a^up iomao oo bpaijoib oile ap ceann. 
 
 eucap linn i m-beara phaccpuic puapamap pjpiobra 
 i peanleabap ITIeambpuim mapaon pe beara nflocu- 
 6a, a^up Qbbcnn, a^up naorh oile jup ab 6peacmac 
 Paccpuic. Q^ po bpfarpa an c-peinleabaip. Patri- 
 cius Britto, natus in oppido Nempthor, in campo Taburno 
 .1. Tabernaculorum, ex parentibm religiosis ortus. pacc- 
 puic (ap pe), 6pearnac ap na bpeir pan m-baile oap 
 ab amm Heamcop i Hlaj na b-pianboc 6 ruipcijcib 
 cpaibceaca oiaoa. 
 
 Q oeip apip pan aic ceaona na bpiarpapo. Cum Scoti de 
 Hibernia sub rege suo Niall-naoi-giallac diver sas pro- 
 vincias Britannice contra Romanorum imperium multum 
 devastabant contendere incipientes aquilonalem Britannice 
 plagam, tandem ejectis veteribus colonis ipsi Hibernienses 
 earn occupaverunt et habitaverunt. lap napccom iomop- 
 po iomao cpioc pan 6piocamne oo Scocaib 6 6ipe 
 map aon pe na pij pem Niall ndoijiallac a n-ajaio 
 plaiciop na l^orha, oo haipcceao 50 mop an 6hpio- 
 camne leo : ap cup an leir ruaio 61 ; a^up lap n-oi- 
 bipc na pean-poipne aipce o'dicijeaoap 6ipionoa pern 
 innce. Q oeip an c-ujoap ceaona pan aic ceaona 50 
 ccainic be po cpt "Riojacca oo beir pan m-6piocam 
 
92 READING LESSONS. 
 
 Thoip, map aca Scotia, Anglia, et Britannia. Q oeip 
 an c-ujoap ceaona gup ab pa'n ampo, ap m-beic DO 
 Niall Naoijiallac pan eaccpa po 05 planoujao oal- 
 piaoa i n-Qlbom DO cuaiD coblac Gipionnac oo'n aic 
 ma paibe pacqiuic na comnuioe. Qj po bpiarpa an 
 u 5001 p. Hoc autem tempore qucedam classis Hibernica 
 vrcedqvit patriam in qua morabatur D. Patricius et con- 
 sueto Hibernorum more multi inde captivi ducti sunt^ 
 inter quos erant D. Patricius cetatis anno 16, et duce ejus 
 sorores Lupita et Darerca. Et ductus est D. Patricius in 
 Hiberniam captivus nono an no Nt all regis Hibernice, qui 
 potenter 27. annis regnavit, ac Britanniam et Angliam 
 usque ad mare quce inter Angliam et Galliam est^ vastavit. 
 t)o cuaio (ap pe) pan am po coblac Gipionnac DO 
 cpeacaD na cpice ma paibe an naom phaccpuic, ajup 
 map pa gnac le h-6ipionncaib, cujaoap lomao 
 bpaijoe leo, ajup an naom phacqiuic mapaon piu 
 an aoip pe m-bliajam Deu^, ajup 6a piaip DO, map 
 aca Lupita et Darerca, agup cujao naom phaopuic 
 na bpajao an Gipinn an 9 bliaoam DO plaiciop Meill 
 T^ijGipinn, DO bi 50 neapcmap 27 m-bliajna i b-plai- 
 riop Gipe,a^up lep h-aipcceao an 6hpiocam Sajpapi 
 jup an muip aca iDip Sa^poib a^up an ppamc^e. dp 
 na bpiacpapa ap incpeiore 50 n-oeaca Niall naoi- 
 jiallac Don 6hpeacam moip ajup jup ab neapc 
 innce. TTleapuim pop gup ab pe linn Neill DO beic 
 pan 6bpeacam moip 05 jabdil neipc, DO cuip cablac 
 o'apccoinn imioll na Ppamcce, oo'n epic pe pafoceap 
 Armorica, Da n-joipceap anoip an 6bpeacam beuj, 
 ajup jup ab aipce CUJOD paccpuic cona 6a piaip 
 a m-bpoiD. 
 
READING LESSONS. 93 
 
 SECT. 7 Of 'the Invasion of Britain by the Picts and Scots. 
 
 Goip Uijeapncc 393. Ip pan ampo DO baoap cmneao 
 Scuic ajup na PICCI 05 apccom a^up 05 milleao na 
 6peacan moipe, ajup cuipio na 6pearna ceacca 50 
 Honorius impip o'iappao caBpa aip, agup ni oeapna 
 ace pcpiobao cujea oa iappa6 oppa a n-oiorcioll DO 
 beanarh Doib pein, a 5^r cainic 6e pin 50 pabaoap na 
 6pearna aimpip inacian od eip pin pa leacpom na 
 Scoc ajup na b-picc, jiDeao Da eip pin cuipio na 
 6peacna apip ceacca Don KOITTI, ajup DO nfo capaoio 
 cpuaijaijiiieilap cpuao Dail no Scoc ajup na b~pice 
 oppa. Cuipm "Roirianaij leijion DO pluaij apmra 
 oa b-pupcacc, ajup ap poccain na 6peacan Doib, 
 cujaoap pern ajup na Scuic ajup na PICCI IOTTIOD 
 combliocc oa ceile ; ajup ap m-beic cuippeac Do'n 
 c-pluaij "Romance a oubpaoap pe 6pea6na mup no 
 clao DO Deanam eacoppa pein agup a n-Dpoc corhap- 
 poin, agup nac paibe ap bpeir Doib pein jup cilleao 
 Do'n Roini. Dala na m-6pearnac lap n-imceacc na 
 Ronianac uara, cojbuio clao poo o rhuip 50 muip 
 iDip IOD pein ajup na Scuic ajup na PICC. 
 
 Qp na clop pin DO cinneao Scuic ajup DO na piccib jup 
 cpeijeaoap na l^omanaca na 6pearna, linccio pein 
 oppa ajup bpipceap an clao, ajup aipijreap an eip 
 piu jup b'eijin DO na 6peacna ceacca DO cuip an 
 cpeap peace 50 Rorndnacoib, Da iappa6 oppa ^an a 
 leigion oa narhaio beir 05 oeanarh a luic 50 Dib- 
 peapjac arhuil DO baoap. 6eip pin cuipio na T?onid- 
 naca leijeon oile Da b-pupcacc, ajup ap poceain na 
 6peacan ooib, cujaoap pein ajup na Scuic ajup na 
 PICCI lomaD combpliocc DO ceile, jup puajaoap na 
 "Romanaca cap ceopumn an clo6 DO luaibiomap 
 
94 READING LESSONS. 
 
 amac lao, agup ap b-poipirin na m-&pearnac ooib 
 amla pin, a oubpaoap na Rorhanaca nac paibe pocap 
 ooib pein eeacc od b-pupcacc ap eaccpa ni pa mo, 
 ajup a peacain cpeuo an moo na b-peuopaoaoip lao 
 pein oo curhoac no oo oion oppa. dp n-imeeacc 
 lomoppo oo pluai na Romanaij uaca oo nonpjnaoap 
 an cloio aca o Uluip loip Qlba ajup 6peaeom oo 
 oeannm o'obaip cloice, ajup occ ccpoijre na cije, 
 ajup oa cpoijce oeaj oaipoe ann, oo peip Beda pan 
 cuijeao caibioil oeag oo'n ceuo leabap oo pcaip na 
 Sajpan. 
 
 TTlap cualaoap na Scuic ajup na PICC ^up cuipeaoap 
 na "Romanaca opuim pe ceacc o'pupcacc na m-6pear- 
 nacapip, cuipio cpumiujao a^up coimcionol ap lomao 
 pluaij a^up cujaio ucc ap an cclaio muppin ^up 
 lingeao leo raipip ajup 50 ccujaoap na 6peacam 
 uile, lonup jup b'eijm oo 6peacnaca a ccarpaca 
 agupa napup oo rpeigean ajup oul oa n-oioean p6m 
 pd coillceao ajup pa popaoipedca papa conac bhioo 
 oo biao aca, ace peolmac na m-beacaoac n-allcao 
 oo niri oo peilj leo, ajupan napm oo maip oo &hpio- 
 cdnuib oo pjpiobaoap 50 cpucujmeil 50 Consul oo bT 
 pan T^oirh odp b'ainm Boetius 05 lappuio pupcacca 
 aip ; ajup ipe a oubpaoap 50 pabaoap pein a ccum- 
 gac loip a namuio ajup an muip, oip an opeam oiob 
 oo beapao ajaio ap an muip aj ceireao pep a namuio 
 oo baiori 100, a^up an opeam oiob oo rilleao o'n 
 muip oo mapbraoi leip a namuio, arhuil a oeip Beda 
 pan cpeap caibioil oeaj oo'n ceao leabap oo pcaip 
 na Sampan, 05 airppiocal bpiacpa na m-6pearnac 
 05 ea^nac pe "Romanaca ap poipneapc na Scoc ajup 
 na b-picc oppa ; 05 po na bpiarpa ; Repellunt barbari 
 ad mare, repellit mare ad barbaros. Inter hcec oriuntur 
 
READING LESSONS. 95 
 
 duo genera funerum ; aut jugulamur aut mergimur. 
 I2uaiaio na bapbapca gup an muip (ap picco, 05 lab- 
 aipc ap na Scoca ajup ap na PICCI) cillio an muip 
 ap na bapbapca inn ; loip an oa cinneal bdip po 
 mapbcap no baioceap pmn (ap piao) ; ap po ap lon- 
 cuicce gup ab mop an poipneapc DO bi 05 Scoca na 
 h-6ipe ap 6peacnaca. Q oeip Nennius peanujoap 
 &peacnac oo peip cpoinic Speed 50 paibe leaccpom 
 05 Scocuib ajup 05 piccib ap 6hpioranuib le pe 6a 
 pircic bliajam, ajup a oeip Cambden 05 ceacc leip 
 po, Anno Domini 500 a Ccesaris ingressu Britannia 
 Pictorum et Scotorum immanitati relinquitur. tDo paj- 
 bao i cceann 500 bliajain a n-oiaio Ccesar oo reacc 
 o'n 6hpiocam pa aniocc na Scoc ajup na b-picc; 
 ajup ap loncuicre pin ap bpiapca Beda i 14 caib. 
 oon leabap ceaona, map a n-abaip, 05 labaipc ap 
 Gipionncaib, Revertuntur impudentes grassatores Hiberni 
 domum post non longum tempus reversuri. Cillio (ap 
 pe) aipjceoipe ainiuoe Gipionnaca occ ccig ap ci 
 cillceao 50 jpoo cap anaip ; ap na bpiacpaibpi Beda 
 ap loncuicce 50 ccugoaoip 6ipeanna puaij 50 mime 
 oapccom na 6piocame. t)ala na m-6peacnac oa 
 eip pin, oo baoap aimpip imcian oa noipleac ajup oa 
 n-apccom ajScocoib agupag PICCI, lap na ccpeijean 
 na "Romanaca. 
 
 SECT. 8. That Scotia was anciently the Name of Ireland. 
 
 Ip lomoa ujoaip aja puioiujao jup ab o Scotia pa 
 h-amm o'Bipe, ajup jup ab o'Bipioncaib oo joipci 
 cinneao Scuic. 
 
 Qca Beda pan ceao caibioil oo'n ceao leabap oo pcaip 
 na Sajjxin aja paoa jup ab i 6ipe oucao oiliop na 
 
96 READING LESSONS. 
 
 Scoc. 0X5 po map a oeip ; Hibernia proprie Scotorum 
 patria est. Qp i Gipe oucao oileap na Scoc. CC oeip 
 an c-ujoap ceaona, aj pcpiobao ap na naomaib, nio 
 cij leip an nio ceaona ; Sanctus Cilianus et duo socii 
 ejus ab Hibernia Scotorum insula venerant. Q h-Gipeann 
 oilean na Scoc, (ap pe,) cainic Cilianus naomca ajup 
 a 6a comcac. dp po ip loncuicre 50 ccujraof 
 cinneao Scuic ap Bipioncaib pe lin Beda, DO niaip a 
 ccean peace cceao blia^am oeip CR1OSO. 
 
 Qj po map a oeip Jonas Qbb 05 labaipc ap Colman 
 pan ceao caibioil, Columbanus, qui et Columba vocatur, 
 in Hibernia ortus est: earn Scotorum gens incolit. Colman 
 (ap pe) pe pcuoceap Columb, an 6ipe a pujao e, map 
 an-cticijio cmeao Scuic. Cig pop Origius oo maipleic 
 apcijoo ceirpe ceao bliajam oo CftlOSt), leip an 
 nio ceaona. Qj po map a oeip pan oapa caibioil 
 oo'n ceao leabap, Hibernia Scotorum gentibus colitur. 
 Qpiao cinneao no Scoc didjeap 6ipe. Qp pollup 
 50 cioccion 50 rcugcdoi leip na b-ujoaippi Scotia 
 uippi. 
 
 Qg po map a oeip Ccesarius 05 pcpiobao ap Cilian 
 naomca ; Beatus Cilianus Scotorum genere ; Cilian 
 naorhca oo cinneao na Scoc ; a^up a oeip 50 gpoo od 
 eip na bpiarpapa, Scotia quce et Hibernia dicitur. Qp 
 po ap loncuicce jup ab amm o'Oipeann oo piop Scotia 
 amuil apeao Hibernia. 
 
 Uuijreap pipinne an neicepi a bpiapca Capgravius 05 
 pcpiobao ap Columb naomca ; 05 po map a oeip, 
 Hibernia enim antiquitus Scotia dicta est, de qua gens 
 Scotorum Albaniam Britannice major i proximam, quce 
 ab eventu modo Scotia dicitur, inhabitans, originem duxit et 
 progressum habuit. Do ^oipci analloo Scotia o'eipinn 
 6 b-puil cinneao Scuic acd ag diciu jao na h-Qlban 
 
READING LESSONS. 97 
 
 a r F'oT l D0 ' n &hpiocdm ap mo, agup ^aipceap ooV 
 Qlbam Scotia anoipgo ceajrhuipeac 6 Bipmn 6b-puil 
 a m-bunaoup agup a n-oail. 
 
 Marianus Scotus ujoap Qlbanac leip po, a$ pcpio- 
 bao aip Cilian naovhca, map a n-abaip ; Etiamsi hodie 
 Scotia proprie vocetur ea Britannice pars quce ipsiAnglice 
 continens ad Septentrionem vergit, olim tamen eo nomine 
 Hiberniam notatam fuisse ostendit V.Beda, cum eScythia 
 Pictorum gentem in Hiberniam venisse ait, ibique Scoto- 
 rum gentem invenisse. Cap ceann 50 ccujaoap 50 Dili op 
 Scotia o' amm ap an ccuio uo oo'n 6hpiocam aca oo'r 
 leir ruaio oo Sha^poib caice pia, maipeao poillpijio 
 Beda 50 n-goipri an c-amm pin o'Sipinn analloo, oip 
 an can a oeip cmneao na b~picc DO ceacc o'n Scythia 
 } n-Bipinn, a Deip jup ab IOD cinneaD na Scoc puapa- 
 oap pompa innce, ajup DO bpij jup ab 6 cinneao na 
 Scoc DO plomneao an cptoc, ap Scotia pa h-ainm 61 an 
 can pom. 
 
 Qp loncuicre a bpiapraib Ccesarius DO maip Do'n leir 
 apcij DO cuig ceao bliajam DO CPlOSt) gup Scotia 
 pa h-amm o'Bipinn ; aj po map a oeip : Qui de pur- 
 gatorio dubitat, Scotiam pergat^ Purgatorium S. Fatricii 
 intret, et de purgatorii pcenis amplius non dubitabit, 
 ^i be cuipeapconcabaipc i b-pup^aooip, cpiallab 50 
 Scotia, eipje i pceac i b-pupgaooip naom paccpuic, 
 ajup ni cuippa concabaipc a b-pianao pup^aoopa o 
 pom amac. CC bpiarpoib an u^oaippi ap loncuicre 
 up ab amm coiccionn o'Bipmn pa'n am pom Scotia, 
 oip ni b-puil aonaic i n-Qlbom oa n-^oipreap pupja- 
 Doip phaccpuic, ajup ip pollupjup ab i n-6ipmn aca 
 an die D'O n-goipceap i. 
 
 Ci^ Ccesarius leip an niD ceaona 05 p^piobao ap Boni- 
 facius naomca map a n-abaip, Hibernia Scotice sibi 
 K 
 
98 READING LESSONS. 
 
 nomen etiam vindicabat : quia tamen ex Hibernia ista 
 Scotorum pars quoedam egressa est, in eaque Britannia* 
 arva quce Picti jam habebant, consederunt, ii quidem 
 principio a duce suo Reuda Dalreudini dicti fuerunt, ut 
 ait V. Beda. Postea tamen Pictos inde ipsos exegerunt, 
 et Boreale totum illud latus obtinuerunt ; eique vetus 
 gentis suce nomen indiderunt ; ita ut Scotorum gens una 
 fuerit, sed Scotia duplex facta sit, una vetus et propria in 
 Hibernia, recentior alter a in Septentrionali Britannia. 
 t)o bi pop Scotia o'amm ap Gipinn ; ^Jioeao ceana DO 
 bpig go ccainic o'n Gipinn ceaona opong o'aipigce 50 
 hoipeap na &piocaine map an aicigeaoap na PICCI, oo 
 puioeaoap map aon piu an opeampo ceana ap ccup o 
 na ccaoipeac pem TCeuoa, .1. Caipbpe Piogpooa, a 
 oeipceap Dalreudini .1. Oailpiaoa pfu, amuil a oeip 
 Beda ; gioeao oo puajaoap oa eip pin na PICCI pem, 
 ajup oo jabaoap an leircuaio oo'n epic pin uile ajup 
 cujaoap peanainm a ccpice pem uippi, lonup jup 
 ab aoncmneao amain Scoc acd ann ; jioeao aca 6a 
 Scotia ann; a h-aon oiob appuio oileap; ajup an 
 oapa Scotia aca nuaio ipm leair ruam oo'n 6piocam. 
 tDo beipim cpi neire oo'm aipe a bpiarpoib an ujoaip 
 po. Qn ceao ni oiob, jup ab lao na h-6ipionnaij 50 
 pipmneac na Scuic. Qn oapa rn, jup ab oo tDhailpiaoa 
 oo gaipmreap Scuic i n-Qlbom ap cup, oo bpij jup 
 ab lao oo pine gabalcup ap na PICCI ap cup i pin epic 
 pin. Qn cpeap ni, map a oeip gup ab i 6ipe Scotia 
 oiliop pean, a^up gup ab i Qlba Scotia nuao, agup 
 gup ab lao Scuic oo gaipreap Scotia aip ccup 61. 
 Q oeip Buchananus ugoap Qlbanac, ag ceaccleipan mo 
 cceaona pan 34. leacanao pan oapa leabap oo Scaip 
 )ia h-Qlba, map a n-abaip ; Principio cum utrique, id 
 cst Hibernice incolce, et coloni eorum in A Ibaniam missi, 
 
READING LESSONS. 99 
 
 Scoti appellarentur, ut discrimine aliquo alteri ab alteris 
 distinguerentur , ab initio coepere alteri Scoti Hiberni, alteri 
 Scoti Albini vocari. t)o bpij (ap pe), 50 n-goipci ap cup 
 Scuic o'aicijceoipib na h-Gipeann, ajup Don poipmne 
 oo cuaiD uaca o'diciujao na h-Glban, icnnup le 
 h-eioipoealujao eigin, 50 m-biaio oeipip eacoppa 
 leac ap leic DO cionpjnaoap 6 cup Scoic Bipionoa 
 DO jaipm DO Dpuinj Diob, ajup Scoic Qlba oo'n 
 poipinn oile. Qp na bpiacpuibpi Buchananus, cuij- 
 ??eap 6a m : an ceao m, jup ab a h-Bipinn DO cuaiD 
 Scuic D*diciu^a6 na h-Qlban; agup an oapa nib, gup 
 c amm D'6ipionncaib Scuic 6 cup. 
 
 SECT. 9- Testimonies of some English Writers concerning 
 the national Character of the Irish People. 
 
 G po an ceipc DO beip TDaijipcip 5"> r a o" a P c ^ a sr- 
 riac (DO bi 05 peolao pcoile i Cuimneac), ap Gipionn- 
 cuib, an can pa h-aoip Do'n Uijeapna 1566 bliabna; 
 " Cmneao po (ap pe), aca laioip i J-copp, ajup aca 
 lucihap, aja m-bi inncmn poipcil apD, mcleacc jeup 
 biop cojarhuil, nearhcoijealcac aip a m-beacaio, 
 05 a m-bi pulanj paocaip, puacca agup ocpaip, 05 a 
 m-bf claonao pe Deanarh Dpuipe, biop poiceannpa pe 
 h-doiDea6uib, buainpeapriiac i n-jpdo, Dopdpaigce i 
 b-palcanap, biop poicpeioearhnac, biop ponnrhap ap 
 clu o'pa^ail, biop neariipoi jioeac ap riiapla, no aip 
 eagcoip D'pulanj. 5 ' 
 
 G po pop an ceipc DO beip Stanihurst oppa, eaoon, 
 " opeam po puilingcioc aip paocapcoib cap an uile 
 cm^il DO oaoinib, ajup ip annam biop cldic i n-juap- 
 accaib." 
 
 Cf oeip Spencer jup ab 6 Gipionncuib puapaoap na 
 
100 READING LESSONS. 
 
 i^ aibjiceap aip ccup, ctjup oa peip pin, ni 
 pcnb F lo r ^ceapoacca ap bie- 05 na Sajponaigib 50 
 b-puapaoap 6 Bipionncuib f. 
 
 Qp pollup [a oeip Keating] $up ab o'anplairiop ajup 
 o'eaccoip, ajup DO nearhcoirheao ap a n-oli jeao pe'n 
 05 uaccapanaib ^ a ^ a n-6ipmn cdinic lomao eap- 
 urhla na n-jaoioiol DO pmacc jail, oip ni rheapuim 
 50 b-puil cmneao* pan Gopaip ap mo DO biaiD umal 
 DO 6lieaD inaio Bipiona, Da poinnci corhrpom na 
 Dli^eaD piu : a^up ap i po ceipc DO beip Seon Davis 
 (pan leacanac oeujeanac oo'n ceao leabap DO pcpfob 
 ap Gipino) oppa ; 05 po map a oeip : " Ni b-puil 
 cinneao pa'n n^pein len' ab annpa ceapc ajup corh- 
 rpom bpeairearhnup ni ap peapp maio Bipionoa, ajup 
 ap mo biao papuijre ma iao le na cup a n-jmom, 
 bioo jup ab na najaio pein DO pacao, ace 50 b-pa- 
 ^uio Dion ajup pocap na oil jeao an c-an lappuio e aip 
 cuip comcpom.'' 
 
SACRED LESSONS. 101 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 SACRED LESSONS CONSISTING OF PASSAGES EXTRACTED 
 
 FROM THE IRISH VERSION OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES. 
 
 SECT. 1. From the Proverbs of Solomon. 
 Seannpdioee Sholaim mic iDhaibi pij Ippdel. 
 
 1. Oea plie arm oo cieeap oipeac oo ouine, ace ip e 
 a cpioc pin pligeeaca an bdip. 
 
 2. CCn ee pdpuigiop an boce mapluigio pe a Chpu- 
 raijreoip ; ace an ce onopuigiop e bi cpocaipe ann oo'n 
 bocc. 
 
 3. lompoijio ppeajpa rhacdnca peapg : ace bpop- 
 cuijio bpiaepa bopba an peap^. 
 
 4. CIcdio puile an Cl^^BQI^NCC ann jac uile ball, 
 05 peucuin aip an olc ajup aip an mair. 
 
 5. Oo ni cpoioe pujac jnuip puilbip: ace le oobpon 
 an cpoioe bpipceap an ppiopao. 
 
 6. 6'pedpp beajan maille pe h-ea^la an ClJ)h^- 
 Q"RHQ, nd lonnmup mop agup buaiopeao maille pip. 
 
 7. Ip peapp oinneip luibionn map a m-bi jpao, na 
 t>am biaoea ajup puae maille pip. 
 
 8. 61 plije an amaoam ofpeac lonna puilib pem : ace 
 ip cpionna an ee eipeiop pe comaiple. 
 
 9. Ip paoa an CI^^^Ctl^HQ 6'n ccionneac : ace oo 
 cluin pe gufoe an pipein. 
 
 10. Qn ce ouileap munao eapcuipnijio pe a anam 
 pem : ace an ee iimluigiop DO pmacc, oo eib p^ 
 
 K2 
 
102 SACRED LESSONS. 
 
 11. lp e eajla an Ul^heQTCNQ ceajapg na 
 h-ea^na ; ajup acd urhlacc poirhe onoip. 
 
 12. Qn uaip eaiemo pli^ee an ouine leip an o-Ul- 
 ^h^QRNQ DO beip pe aip a ndriiuiD pein beiu pfooac 
 pip. 
 
 13. Ca itieaD ip pedpp eajna o'pajdil na op ? ajup 
 cuijpi o'pajdil ip copa i oo roga na aip^ioo. 
 
 14. Ip rno 6eio acmupdn a pceac an otnne cpionna, na 
 ceao buille ann amaodn. 
 
 15. Qn c-amaoan pein, an uaip biop p6 'na coco, 
 meapcap cpionna e ; a^up an ce opuioiop a beal, bi pe 
 meapca 'na ouine cui^pionac. 
 
 16. 5 10 ^ e ppeajpap cuip poime a clop, ipamaodnacr 
 ajup naipe DO e. 
 
 17. 5 1D ^'^ ^ 1o r a P CC ^F lonna cuip pein, paoilceap 
 coip DO beic aije; ace ri a comappaa^upppionuiDpe e. 
 
 18. Qn ce aja m-bi cpuaije Do'n bocc diplijio pe 
 oo'n Ul^^^Q^WCf ; a 5 u F a P an ni D0 beapa pe ua6 
 iocpui6 pe pip e apip. 
 
 19. 5 1D ^'^ Dunup a cluapa pe h-6igioni na m-bocc, 
 comaipcpiD pe pein map an g-ceaona, ace nt cluinpij- 
 ceap e. 
 
 20. Ueajaipj an leanb pan c-plfje ann ap coip DO 
 imreacD : ajup an c-an biap pe aopca ni rpeigpio pe f. 
 
 21. 61 leime ceanjailce a ccpoioe lemb ; ace cuip- 
 piD plac an pmaccuijce a b-pao uao i. 
 
 22. Qn b-paicionn eu oume Dieciollac lonna jnocui- 
 jib ? peappuio pe a Iduaip pioj; ni a lacaip Daoine 
 uipipiol peappap pe. 
 
 27. 5^ eu F ' ODal P amui j, a^up oean oipearhnac DUJC 
 pdm f annpa rhacaipe ; ajup 'na DiaiD pin Dean DO rij. 
 
 28. Nd luae^dipij an uaip euicpiop DO ndrhaio, ajup 
 nd gdipDijeaD DO cpofoe an uaip DO jeib pe euipleab. 
 
SACRED LESSONS. 103 
 
 29. Qn b-paicionn cu ouine cpionna iona bapamuil 
 pem ? ip mo an 0615 if coip DO beie ap amaoctn na ap. 
 
 30. Ha maoiD eu pem ap an la a mapac; oip ni 
 peioip cu cpeao oo beappao la leip. 
 
 31. Ip oileap cneaoa na capaio ; ace ip cealjac poga 
 na namaio. 
 
 32. JJeapuio lappann lappann oile; mappoin jeapui- 
 jiop oume jnuip a capao. 
 
 33. 616 an oume paibBip cpionna lonna cuijpm pem ; 
 ace pcpuouij an bocr a^a m-bi cuijpi amac e. 
 
 34. (5 10 b'e ceiliop a peacuioe, ni bia bipeac aip; ace 
 51 b'e aorhap a^up epeijiop 100, DO eabpa pe epocaipe. 
 
 35. t)o beip ea^la an Duine pameeup le : ace an ee 
 cuipiop Doecup annpa D-Cl^^GQRMQ biaio pe Dain- 
 jion. 
 
 II. St. Matthew, ch. xviii. w. 21-35. 
 
 21. CCp n-oul DO pheaoap 'na lonnpaio an epae pin, a 
 oubaipe pe, Q Chl^hGGRHCC 50 a mioncaco DO 
 oeana mo Deapbpdeaip coip a m'ajaio, ajup maiepeap 
 me DO ? an 50 nuige peacomao h-uaip ? 
 
 22. Q Deip lopa pip, Ni abpuim pioe, ^ u r an r eaCD " 
 maD h-uaip amain: aco, ^ p o| ^ e an peacomojao peace 
 nuaipe. 
 
 23. CL\\ an aobappom ip copmuil pfojaco neime pe 
 pfj aipi jee, le'p b'dill cuncap DO Deanao pe na peapb- 
 pojaneuiDib. 
 
 24. CCjup an epae DO cionnpgam pe cuncap DO 6ea- 
 na6, cu^ao cuije neac, D*ap 6lij pe oeic mile ealann. 
 
 25. CIjup an can nap b'eioip leip na piacapo D'foc, 
 oo aiem a eijeapna e pem, agup a bean, ajup a clan, 
 ajup a paib aije, DO peic, DO cum na b-piac DO 6iol. 
 
104 SACRED LESSONS. 
 
 26. Op an dobappom ag oeanao umla oo'n e-peapb- 
 pojancuige pin, DO lapp pe accuingio aip, 05 pao, Q 
 cijeapna, oeana p6iiD piom, agup DO beapa me an 
 c-iomldn ouic. 
 
 27. Qnn pin ap n-jabail qiuaige moipe cigeapna ann 
 ojlaoic uo, DO lei pe uao e, agup DO iriaic pe na piaca 
 66. 
 
 28. Cfgup 05 Dul amac oo'n c-peapbpojancuij UD, 
 puaip pe aon o'a coirhpeapbpo^ancuiDib pein, D'ap 6lij 
 pe ceaD pfjirin : ajup ap na popoao, pug pe aip pcopnuij 
 aip, 05 pdo, Diol piurn an nio Dlijeap cu. 
 
 29. CCjup 05 cuicim D'CC coniipeapbpojancuiD 05 a 
 copuibpean, DO JUID pe e, 05 pa6, Dean poijio pioni, 
 agup DO beappa me an c-iomlan DUIC. 
 
 30. QCD mop b'aill leipean pin : aco ap n-imreaco 
 06 DO reilg pe a b-ppiopun e, no 50 n-ioca6 pe na 
 piaca. 
 
 31. Cf^up an cpar DO conncaoap a coimpeapbpojan- 
 cdiDepion na neice DO pinneaD, DO jab Doiljeap pomop 
 iao, a^up canjaoap, ajup DO poillpijeaoap o'd D-CIJ- 
 eapna jac nib Da n-oeapnab ann. 
 
 32. Qnnpoin DO cuip a cigeapna piop aippean, a^up 
 a Deip pe pip, Q Dpoicpeapbpojancuio, DO mair me 
 na piaca UD uile DUIC, DO bpfj gup cuip cu impme 
 opam : 
 
 33. djup a ne nap coip 6uicpi qiocaipe DO oeanab 
 ap DO coimpeapbpojancuiD pein, amail ajup map DO 
 pmne mipe cpocaipe opcpa ? 
 
 34. Ggup an n-^abdil peipge a cijeapna, cug pe DO 
 na ceapaDoipib e, 50 n-ioca6 pe a piaca uile pip. 
 
 35. Ctjup ip map pin DO beana m'Qraip neamDupa 
 pibpi, muna rinairpe gac aonoume agaib a oeapbpdraip 
 6 bup -cpoiDcib a g-cionnca. 
 
SACRED LESSONS. 105 
 
 III Romans, ch. xii. and xiii. 
 Chap. xii. 
 
 1. Qip an dobappom pipim o'arcumge opaib, a 6eap- 
 bpdirpeaca, cpe rpocaipe t)e, bup g-cuipp DO eabaipc 
 'na beoioobaipc, naomra jeanamail oo t)hia, bup peip- 
 bip peapunca. 
 
 2. Ggup na cumaio pib pein pip an c-paojalpa ; ace 
 cuipiD pib pein aireappac cpoca pe harnuaoujao bup 
 ninncinne, lonnup 50 m-biao a oepb ajuib cpeao i coil 
 ihaic, ^eanamuil, oion^rhala t)e. 
 
 3. Oip a oeipim pe jac aon eaopuibpe, cpep an n^pap 
 DO 611506 6arh [jn ^abail pe a dip] nf DO cuijpin op 
 cion an neire ip lomcubaio DO DO cuijpm : ace a cuigpi 
 DO beir DO peip rheapappoacDa ariiail ap DO poinn t)ia 
 pe 506 aoinneac miopup cpeiDirii. 
 
 4. Oip DO peip map aca lomao ball aguinn a nean- 
 copp arham, ajup nac eanoipij arham acd 05 nd huile 
 ballaib pin : 
 
 5. Qp map an g-ceaona, acamaoione mopan ap nean- 
 copp a 5-Cpiopc, ajup gac aon po leir ap m-ballaib 
 aja ceile. 
 
 6. Uime pin aip m-beie DO cioolaicib eu^parhla 
 ajum DO peip na njpap CUJOD ouinn, map pdmeaDoip- 
 eacD [aca ajuin, oeanam paiDeaDoipeaco] DO peip 
 meuo an cpeioim; 
 
 7. Ho map 01 pig [aca ajuinn, cugam aipe] oo'n oipij : 
 no an ce ceajuipgeap, CUJOD aipe DO ceajupj ; 
 
 8. Ho an ce DO beip poipceaoal uaoa [cugao aipe] 6a 
 poipceaoal: an ce poumeap [anoeipc, poineao] i maille 
 pe neamupcoiD; ance ajd b-puil ceanup [op cionn caic, 
 Deanao e] maille pe ourpaco; an re DO ni cpocaipe, 
 [oeanao i] maille pe pubacup. 
 
106 SACRED LESSONS. 
 
 9. 6106 bup n-jpdo an ceilg. 6106 jpain a^aib aip 
 an olc; fagup] cean^luig oon mair. 
 
 10. 6106 coil aguib 6'a ceile maille pe jpao bpaie- 
 peamuil; 05 cabaipc onopa uaib jac aon 05 oul poiriie 
 a ceile. 
 
 11. Na [bijio] leip^eamuil a n-gnoruijib ; [bijio] 
 aip piucao an bup ppiopaio; 05 oeanao peipbfp oo'n 
 Cijeapna. 
 
 12. CCj oeanao jaipoecaip cpe 66ccap; poijioeac a 
 m-buaioeapcuib coriinuijeac a n-upnaije. 
 
 13. Qg corhpoin pipna naomaib icnna piacoanupaib; 
 a 5 jpaoujao luco aoioeacoa DO jlacao. 
 
 14. Cabpum bup m-beannaco oo'n opeim oibpeppib: 
 ?xibpu 16 bup m-beannaco [ooib], ajup na mallu ioe [iao] . 
 
 15. 6106 jaipoeacup opaib mapaon pip an mumncip 
 aip a bpuil jaipoeacup, ajup bijio 05 caoi mapaon pip 
 an mumncip oo jni caoi. 
 
 16. 5 aD naoncoil oib pe ceile. Ha [bi 516] aipoinn- 
 cineac aco cumaio pib pein pip an n-opeim ip iple. Ha 
 bijm jlic ann bup m-bapamluib pein. 
 
 17. Na oeanaio olc a najaio uilc aip einneac. 6106 
 cupam na neireann maic opaib a b-piaonuipe na n-uile 
 oaoine. 
 
 18. TTlap peioip ^, an meio 15 oibpe 6e, bioo pioccam 
 agaib pip na h-uile oaoinib. 
 
 19. Ct caipoe jpdoaca, na oeanaio oiojalcup aip bup 
 pon pein, aco panaio pip an b-peip^ : otp acd pjpiobra [Ip] 
 leampa an ofo^alcup; oo beappa me cuiciujao [uaim] 
 a oeip an Uijeapna. 
 
 20. Uime pin oa paib ocapup aip oo namuio, cabaip 
 biao 66 ; oa paib cape aip, cabaip oeoc 60 : oip cpe 
 po oo oeanao ouic capnpuio cu jpfopac aip a ceann. 
 
 21. Ha beipeao an c-olc buaio ope, aco beippe buaio 
 aip an olc pe mair. 
 
SACRED LESSONS. 107 
 
 Chap. xiii. 
 
 1. 6106 506 uile anum urhal oo na cumacoaib acd 
 op a cionn. Oip ni b-puil cumacoa ap bie aco 6 t)hia : 
 a^up na cumacoa acd ann, ap o t)hia oo h-opouijeao 
 lao. 
 
 2. dip an aobappom 516 b'e ap bie cuipeap a 
 n-ajaio a cumacoa, cuipio pe a nagaio opoaije t)e : 
 ajup an opeam cuipeap lonna aai6 gabaio oamnugao 
 cuca pem. 
 
 3. Oip nf bf eagla poirh uacoapandib aip pon oeij- 
 nforhaprao aco aip pon opoic [^niomapcao]. Uime pin 
 an mian pioc beir jan eajla an curhacoa ope? oean 
 maic, ajup oo eabpa cu molao uao. 
 
 4. Oip ap e peapbpo^ancuioe t)e e cum oo niairea- 
 papa. CCco od n-oeapnaio cu olc, bioo eajla ope; oip 
 ni 50 oiorhaomeac lomcpap pe an cloioeam : oip ap e 
 peapbpojaneuioe t)e e, 'na oiojalcoip peipje aip an ce 
 oo jni olc. 
 
 5. Uime pin ap eigean beir urrial, ni [o'eagla] peipje 
 amdm, aco pop aip pon comnpiaip. 
 
 6. Oip ip uime po focap pib cdnacap: oo bpij jup 
 peapbpojancuijeaoa oo t)hia lao, 05 oeanao a n-oiccill 
 pa nio ceaona. 
 
 7. dip an aobappom cabpuio a n-oualgup oo na huile 
 oaoinib : canacup oo'n ce [o'ap oual] canacup; cupoum 
 oo'n ce [o'ap oual] cupoum ; eajla pe pan ce [pe ap 
 coip] eajla ; onoip oo'n ce [o'ap coip] onoip. 
 
 8. Ha bioo piaca 05 aom-neac opaib, aco amain pib 
 pein oo jpaou jao a ceile : (oip an ce ^pdoaijeap a 
 comappa oo coimlion pe an olijeao). 
 
 9. Oip na [haiceancapa], na oean aoalcpannup, na 
 oeana ounmapbao, na oean 5010, na oean piaonuipi 
 
108 SACRED LESSONS. 
 
 bpei^e, na oeana painc ; agup gac cncne eile [6a b-puil 
 ann], acdio 50 haie^eapp pa bpf an paio po, eaoon, 
 jpaoaig DO comappa map cu pein. 
 
 10. Ni oeanann jpao olc oo'n comappain : aip an ao- 
 bappom [ape] an jpao coimlionao an olfje. 
 
 11. CI^up pm, pe meap na h-aimpipe, gup micm buinn 
 anoip mupglao o coolao : oip [ip] joipe ouin anoip ap 
 planugao na an uaip oo cpeioeamap. 
 
 12. Oo cuaio an oioce copainn ajup oo opuio an la 
 pinn : uime pin ceiljeam uainn oibpeaca an oopcaouip. 
 Qjup cuipeam umainn eioeao an cpolaip. 
 
 13. Siublam 50 cubaio, amail pa 16; ni a j-cpaop na 
 a meipje, na a peompaoofpeaco na a macnuip, na a 
 g-ceannappaic na a o-cnur. 
 
 14. Qco cuipio umuib an Uijeapna lopaCpiopc, 
 na bioo cupam na colla opaib a mianjupuib. 
 
 IV 1st St. Peter, ch. ii. 
 
 1. Uime pm aip g-cup na b-uile amjioecoa, ajup 
 linebla, ajup pallpaco, ajup rnuca, ajup an uile irioin- 
 paio uaib, 
 
 2. TTlap naoioeanuib nuaio-beapca, bioo ponn aguib a 
 m-bainne piopjlan na bpeirpe, cum beic oib 05 pap pip; 
 
 3. TTIa blaipeabaip cpeo e mfllpe an djeapna. 
 
 4. Qn d cum a b-puil pib ap o-ceaco, noc ip cloc beo, 
 oo oiuicao 50 oeimin 6 oaomib, aco aca cojca mop- 
 luaio, 05 t)ia, 
 
 5. CC^up bijiope map beoclocaib, cojra puap bup 
 o-cij ppiopaoalca, bup pajapcaco naomra, cum 106- 
 bapcao ppiopaoalca o'popdil, ap a m-biaio jean ajt)ia 
 cpe lopa Cpiopc. 
 
SACRED LESSONS. 109 
 
 6. Uime pin aca pjpiobca pa pgpiobcuip, peuc,cuipim 
 a Sion ppiorhcloc an cuinne, cora, mopluaio : ajup 
 an ce cpeioeap innce ni b-puie pe naipe. 
 
 7. Qip an aobappon aca pi 'na honoip oibpe aga b-puil 
 cpeiDearh : aco oo'n Dpuinj aca eapurhal, oo'n cloic uo 
 DO oiulcaoap na paoip, DO pinne doc cinn an cumne, 
 
 8. CCjup cloc oilbeime, a^up cappuic cuiplib, Do'n 
 opuing biop eapurhal, DO jeib oilbeim pa'n m-bpeicip ; 
 cum ap h6pDuiea6 pop iao. 
 
 9. QCD ip cmeul ro^ra pibpe, pajapcaco piogoa, 
 cineao naorhra, pobal aip leir ; lonnup 50 b-poillpeo- 
 cao pib pubdilcioe an ce ^oip pib ap Dopcaoap cum a 
 poluip lon^ancuij pern ; 
 
 10. Noc a nalloo nac paib bup b-pobal ,acD anoip ap 
 pobal DO t)hia pib : a opeam nac b-puaip cpocaipe, aca 
 pib anoip aip b-pdjdil cpocaipe. 
 
 11. Q cdipDe 5pd6ac, lappuim D'accum^e [opuib], 
 map 6eopui6ib a^up oilirpib, pib pem DO peacnaD ap ain- 
 iriianuib na colna, noc biop 05 carujao a n-aguiD a 
 n'anma. 
 
 12. 6106 DeajcoinbeappdiD ajuib a meapj na ^-Cmea- 
 6ac: lonnap a n-dic an iciompdio DO ^nio opuib map luco 
 mfjnidm, ^o ma6 heioip piu, ap na oeajoibpib DO cipio 
 piao, jloip DO rabaipc DO t)hia pa la 'na b-peucpum 
 oppra. 
 
 13. [Uime pin] bfjib urhal DO jac uile opoaijce 
 6aon6a, ap pon anUijeapna: ni he amain oo'n pij, map 
 an ce agab-puil dipDceannap. 
 
 14. QCD DO na h-uacoapdnuib [map an j-ceaona], map 
 an IUCD cuipceap UOD cum Diogalcuip ap luco na mij- 
 niom, ajup cum molra luco na n-Deij^niorh. 
 
 15. Oip ip map pin, 05 oeanaD maiceapa Dib, ap coil le 
 t)ia ppian DO cup pe h-ambpiop na n-oaomeao 
 
 L 
 
110 SACRED LESSONS. 
 
 16. TTlap [oaoine] paopa, a^up m map an opuinj aga 
 b-puil an c-paoippe 'na bpac poluioce an uilc, aco map 
 peapbpogancuijioe t)e. 
 
 17- djguiD onoip DO na huile [oaoinib]. Jpctouige na 
 oeapbpaicpe. 6106 eagla t)e opuib. Uuguio onoip oo'n 
 
 P'S- 
 
 18. Q peapbpojancui^io, [bijm] urhal oa [bup] mai^- 
 ipcpib maille pip an uile paicceap ; ni he amain DO na 
 [maijipcpib] maice oeajcpoioeaca, OCD pop DO na opoc 
 [rhaijipcpib], 
 
 19. Oip (ip) ni6 po ip piu buiDeacap o'a n-iomcpui6 
 neac ooiljeap aip pon comnpiaip DO raob t)e, 05 pulanj 
 na h-eagcopa. 
 
 20. Oip cpeuo [e] map a6bap molca o'a n-iomcpa 
 pib 50 poiioec ^abail DO oopnuib opuib aip n-oeanam 
 peacuiD Dib? aco, o'a b-puilnje pib 50 poijioeac, ajup 
 pib aj oeanao maireapa, [ap nio] pin [o'a bpuilj t)ia 
 buioeac. 
 
 21 . Oip ip cuige po pop DO goipeaD pib : oip DO pulluing 
 Cpiopc map an j-ceaona aip ap poinne ag pajbail 
 pompla ajuinn, lonnup 50 leanpao pib a lopj ; 
 
 22. Qn ce nac oeapnuio peacao, agup aj nac ppic 
 meabail 'na beal ; 
 
 23. Qn ce nac oeapnum an-camr, a najuio na h-an- 
 caince DO pinneao aip; nac DeapnuiD ba^ap, 05 pulanj 
 DO ; aco cu$ [e p6m] a laim an ce DO jni bpeireamnup 
 50 ceapc : 
 
 24. Qn re o'lomcaip ap b-peacui jne ann a copp pein 
 aip an g-cpann, lonnup aip m-beir Duinne mapb DO na 
 peacuijib, 50 maippemip oo^n pipeancaco : an ce 05 
 ap Iei<$eapa6 pibpe pe na cpeucouib. 
 
 25. Oip DO babaip map caopcuib aip peacpam ; aco 
 anoip DO pilleao pib 50 h-Qobaipe ajup 50 h-Bapboj 
 bup n-anman. 
 
THE CHURCH CATECHISM. Ill 
 
 THE CHURCH CATECHISM. 
 
 Gabon lei^ionn ap lonpojlomra DO jac uile oume pul 
 pacpup paoi laim Gapboic. 
 
 Ceipc. Cpeuo e h-ammpe. 
 
 pp. W no TT1. 
 
 Ce. Ce rug an c-ammpi DUIC ? 
 
 Pp. TTlo t)hia-airpe a^up mo t)hia-mcurpe ann mo 
 baipoeao, anna n-oeapnao Diom ball oo Chpiopo, leanb 
 t)e, ajup oipe piojacca neime. 
 
 Ce. Cpeuo oo pinneaoap DO oia-airpe ajup DO 6ia- 
 liiaicpe an c-an pin aip DO ponpa ? 
 
 Pp. tDo jeullaoap ajup DO moioieaoap cpi neice ann 
 m'ainm, a g-ceaooip, 50 n-oiulcpamn oo'n oiabal a^up 
 o'd oibpeacaib uile, DO poimp, agup DO Diomaomeap an 
 opocpaojailpe, ajup DO jac uile ainmianaib peacaoaca 
 na colna. Qn oapa h-uaip 50 j-cpeiopmn jac uile aipcio- 
 jal oo'n cpeioeam ChpiopoaiDe. Qjup a cpeap uaip, 50 
 j-coimeaopumn coil naomra a^upaireancatDe^ajupjo 
 piobolumn lonnra cpe uile laecib mo beaca. 
 
 Ce. Nac meapaip 50 b-puil o'piacaib ope a cpeiDearh 
 ajup a Deanam map DO jeallaoap ap DO pon ? 
 
 Pp. meapuim 50 oeimm; ajuple coiltDe, oeanpa me 
 map pin. djup beipim buioeacup 6 cpoioe o'ap n-Qcaip 
 neamoa, pa map DO oip opm cum na pcaioepe an c-pla- 
 nuijre, cpe lopa Cpiopc ap Sldnaijreoip. Qjup guiDim 
 t)ia spapa DO rabaipc 6am comnaije 'p an PCOID ceaona 
 50 epic mo beara. 
 
112 THE CHURCH CATECHISM. 
 
 Ce. Qirpip aipeiojail oo cpeioim. 
 
 Pp. Cpeioim an-t)ia anc-Qcaip uile-cumacoac, cpur- 
 uijreoip neime agup caiman: agup a n-lopaCpiopc aon 
 macpan ap o-Uieapna, oo gabao 6'n Spiopao naom, DO 
 pu^ao leip an 615 TTIuipe, o'pulaing paip paoi phoinc 
 phioldiD, DO ceupao, DO puaip bap a^upoo h-aolaicea6; 
 cuaio piop 50 h-ipiopn, o'eip^io apip an cpeap la 6 na 
 mapbaib, DO cuaib puap ap neam, a^up aca na puioe ap 
 laim 6eip t)e an Qrap uile-cumacoai^ ; ap pin ciucpa pe 
 DO bpeir bpeire ap beooaib a^up ap mapbaib. Cpeioim 
 pan Spiopao naomra; a naoim Bagluip cacoilice ; cu- 
 maom na naom ; maiream na b-peacaije ; eipeip je na 
 colna, ajup an beara mapranac. Qmen. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao DO nioip o'po^luim ^o haipije annp 'na 
 h-aipciojail pe DO cpeioim ? 
 
 Pp. CC g-ceaooip, poglamaim cpeioeam a n-t)ia an 
 c-Qraip, DO cpurui^ me pein, a^up an paojal inle. 
 
 Qn oapa h-uaip, cpeioeam a n-tDia an FDac o-puap- 
 jail me, agup an cineao oaonna uile. 
 
 Qn cpeap uaip, cpeioeam a n-t)ia an Spiopao naom- 
 ra oo naomaio me, a^up pobal cogra t)e uile. 
 
 Ce. Q oubpaip jup geallaoap DO Oia-airpe ajup DO 
 t)ia-maicpe ap DO pon 50 j-coirheaopa aiceanca t)e. 
 hup 6am cia a lion ? 
 
 Pp. a oeic. 
 
 Ce. Cpeuo 100 pin ? 
 
 ppeagpa. Qn ceaona DO labaip t)ia 'pan b-picea6 
 caibioil o'Gcpooup, ajpao. Ipmipi anUijeapnaootDhia, 
 noc DO cpeopmj rupa amac ap calam na h-6$ipce, ap 
 ci^ na oaoippe. 
 
 I. Mi biaio t)ia ap bir eile ajao am lacaippe. 
 
 II. Hi Deana cu ouic pein lomaij ap bic gpabalca, 
 no copamlacc aon neice, aca a b-plaiciop puap, no pa 
 
THE CHURCH CATECHISM. 113 
 
 calam pop, no ann fa n-uip^e paoi an calam, ni claonpu 
 cu piop cuca, ni aopocaip 100 : oip mipi an djeapna DO 
 t)hia, ip tDia euorhap me, ci o'peucam peacaio nu 
 n-airpeac ap an j-cloinn up an cpeap, ajup an ceacpu- 
 mao glun oo'n opoinj puaruijeap me, c^up caipbeanaim 
 cpocaipe oo milcib oo'n luce a gpaouijeap me, ajup 
 a coirheaoap m'aiceanca. 
 
 III. Ni raibeopaip amm an Uijeapna oo t)hia 50 
 oiomaom : oip ni rheappuio an dgeapna an ce oo beir 
 neimcioncac oo beip a amm 50 oiomaom. 
 
 IV. Cuimni la na Saboioe oo congmail naomca. Se 
 laere paoipeocap cu, ajup oeanpuip a b-puil 0500 le 
 oeanarh, aco ipe an peaccmao la Saboio an Ci^eapna 
 oo t)hia, ni oeana cu obaip ap bir ann, cu pein, a^up 
 oo mac, ajup o'm^ean, c'o^lac, a^up oo banojlac, c'eal- 
 lac, ajup an coimijreac aca caob ipcij ooc ooippib : 
 oip oo pinne anCi^eapna a pe laecib nearh a^up calam, 
 an paip^e, agup an uile mo aca lonca, a^up oo comnaio 
 pe an peaccmao la : uime pin oo beannuij an Ci^eapna 
 la na Saboioe agap oo naomuij e. 
 
 V. Onopui^ c'araip agup oo maraip, lonnnp 50 
 m-bao paoa oo laere ap an o-calam noc oo beip an 
 dgeapna oo t)hia ouic. 
 
 VI. Wi oeana cu ounrhapbao. 
 
 VII. Hi oeana cu aoalcpannap. 
 
 VIII. Hi oeana cu 5010. 
 
 IX. Mi beapa cu piaonuipe bpeije a n-a^aio oo com- 
 appan. 
 
 X. Mi pamceoca cu cij oo corhappan, ni painceoca 
 cu bean oo comappan, no ojlac oo corhappan, no a 
 banojlac, no a 6am, no a apal, no enni ip le oo com- 
 appain. 
 
 L 2 
 
114 THE CHURCH CATECHISM. 
 
 Ce. Cpeuo DO jni eu o'poglaim go'ppepialca le n-a 
 h-aiceancaibpe ? 
 
 pp. poglamaim 6a mo ; mo oualgup DO t)hia, agup 
 mo oualgup oom comappam. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao e oo oualgup oo t)hia ? 
 
 pp. 'Se mo oual^up oo tDhia cpeioeam ann, eajla 
 beir opm poime, a gpaoujao le mo cpoioe uile, le 
 m'mneinn uile, le m'anam uile, a^up le mo neapc uile ; 
 a aopao, buioeacup oo rabaipc 06, mo 6015 uile oo 
 cup ann, jaipm aip, a amm naomra a^up a pocal o'ono- 
 pao ; agup peipbtp oo oeanam 50 pippmeac oo ap peao 
 mo beara uile. 
 
 Ce. 5 oe Do oual^up ooc comappam ? 
 
 Pp. Qpe mo oualgup oom comappam, a jpaoujao 
 map me pein, ajup oeanam oo na huile oaomib map 
 ba mian learn lao oo oeanam 6am. TTVaraip ajup mo 
 mdraip oo jpuougao, o'onopao, ajap 6'popcacc. Onoip 
 agup urhlaco oo rabaipc oo'n T2i, ajup o'a bpuil a 
 j-ceannap paoi. Rle pein o'umlujao oom uile pciupuij- 
 reoipib, reajap^roipib, aooaipib ppiopaoalca ajup 
 maigipcpib. Hie pein o'lomcap 50 h-uipipiol, a^up 50 
 h-uppamac oo gac uile oume ap peapp na me pein. (5 an 
 Dio^bdil a oeanam o'aomeac le bpeirip na le jniom. 
 6heic pipmneac ajup ceapc an m'uile connpao. 5 an 
 mailip na pua6 beir an mo cpoioe. ITIo lama oo congmail 
 o piocao agup o 5010, ajup mo ceanga o opoccainc, o 
 bpeij, agup o p^annail. ITIo copp oo conjmail a meap- 
 apoacc, a pocpaioeacc, a^up a n-^eanmnai^eacc. 5 an 
 maoin oaoineao eile oo pancu^ao na o'lappaio ; ace 
 pojlaim a^up pao6ap oo oeanam cum mo beacao'pajail 
 50 cneapoa, ajup oeanam map ip oual 6am ann pa 
 pcaio beara pin cum ap mian le t)ia mo aipm. 
 
 Ce. ITIo lemib mair, bioo a piop po ajao, nac b-puil 
 
THE CHURCH CATECHISM. 115 
 
 ap DO cumap na neicepe DO 6eanarh uaic F eln > na 
 piobal a n-uireanccnb t)e agup peipbip DO 6eanavh DO, 
 gan a papa ppepialcapan, aip a g-cairpip pojlaim 
 ^aipm DO oeanarh jac uile am le h-upnaij Durpaccai$, 
 uime pin leij 6am a clop, an b-peaouip opaio an Ci- 
 eapna DO pa6. 
 
 Ppe. dp n-Qeaip a ca ap nearh, naomrap h-ainm. 
 Cigeao DO piojacD. Oeancap DO roil ap an calarb, map 
 nfreap ap nearh. Cabaip 6uinn anoiu ap n-apan laerea- 
 muil. Ctjup mair buinn ap ^-cionca, map mairmtone 
 66ib DO cioncai^eap 'n ap n-agaio. CCjup na cpeopuij 
 inn cum ca^aijre ; aco paop inn o olc. Gmen. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao lappaip aip t)hia pa n-upnai^pe ? 
 
 Pp. lappaim aip mo Chijeapna t)ia ap n-Qcaip 
 neamba, cio6laicreoip jac uile rhairip, a ^papa DO 
 cup cujam pem,a5up cum jac uile 6ume, cum 50 n-oea- 
 nam aopao DO, peipbip DO, ajup umlacD DO, map apcoip 
 Duinn. CCjup ^uiDim t)ia 506 uile neire DO cabaipc 
 Duinn ara piacoanac o'ap n-anmannaib mapaon a^up 
 oap j-coppuib ; ajup 50 m-beic pe cpocaipeac Duinn, 
 ajup 50 maicpeaD Duinn ap b-peacaioe; ajup^o m-bao 
 i a roil ap pabccil, ajzjup ap ^-copainc ann jac uile con- 
 rabaipc ppiopaiD a^up colna : agup 50 ^-cuimoeocaD 
 inn o jac uile peacaD, ajup rhoploccaib, agup o'p 
 namaiD ppiopaoalca ajup o bap pioppaioe. CCjup aca 
 DOIJ a^am 50 n-Deana po o'a rpocaipejOjap D'O maireap, 
 cpe ap D-Ci^eapna lopa Cpiope, ajup ap an aobap pin 
 Deipim, Qmen. ^ 
 
 Ceipr. Cia lion SacpaimenceaD DO opouij Cpiopo 
 an Gagluip? 
 
 Pp. t)ha Shacpaimemc amain aca 50 jeneapalca 
 piaccanac cum planui^re, eaoon, 6aipcea6, a^up Sui- 
 peap an Uijeapna. 
 
116 THE CHURCH CATECHISM. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao cuigippe leip an b-pocalpa Sacpaimenc? 
 
 Pp. Cuijim comapca poipimiollac popaicpi spap 
 innrheooonac agup ppiopaoalca cabaipce ouinn, DO 
 opouijCpiopc pern, map plije le b-pa^amaoio na jpapa 
 ceaona, agup map geall cum a n-oeapbra ouinn. 
 
 Ce. Ca meio pann a Sacpaimemc ? 
 
 pp. Oha pann : an comapca poipimiollac popaicpe, 
 a o" u P 5P a r a wmeooonac Spiopaoalca. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao e comapra poipimiollac no poipm a baip- 
 016? 
 
 pp. Uip^e, ann a m-baipoeap a peappa a n-amm an- 
 Qrap, ajup an mic a^up an Spiopaio naoim. 
 
 Ceipc. Cpeao i an jpap innrheooonac ajup ppiopa- 
 oalca ? 
 
 pp. 6dpcum peacaiOjajupair^em 50 pipeancacc; oip 
 ap m-beir ouinn 6 naouip beipre a b-peacao, ajup'n ap 
 j-cloinn oibpeip^e, oeancap leip po clann na n-^pap oinn. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao lapprap ap peappannaib a biap cum a 
 m-baipore ? 
 
 Pp. Qicpije le a o-cpeijio peacao : ajup cpeioeam, 
 le -cpeioio 50 oionjmalca jeallamna t)e oeancap ooib 
 'pan c-pacpaimemc uo. 
 
 Ce. TTIaipeao cpeao uime a m-baipoeap leimb,an can 
 cpe na n-oige nac b-peaouio lao pin oo coimlionao ? 
 
 Pp. Qp an aobap 50 n-jeallaio 100 apaon le na 
 m-bannai ; ajup aca o'piacaib oppca f em, an c-an cioc- 
 puio cum doipe, an jeallam pin oo coimlionao. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao pa'p h-opouijeao Sacpaimeinc puipeip 
 an Ui^eapna ? 
 
 Pp. Chum Q-naccuimne loobapca baip Chpiopc, a^up 
 na caipbe oo jeibmio o'a bpij. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao e an pann poipimeallac, no comapca, pui- 
 peip an Uijeapna ? 
 
THE CHURCH CATECHISM. 117 
 
 pp. Qpdn ajup pfon, DO aicnio an Cijeapna DO 
 
 Ce. Cpeao e an pann mnmeooonac, no an ni6 DO com- 
 apraijeap leo ? 
 
 Pp. Copp ajup puil Chpiopc, DO jlacrap ajup jab- 
 rap 50 Deiihin agup 50 oeapbra le na cpeiomiD a pui- 
 peap an djeapna. 
 
 Ce. Cpeao IOD na caipbeaoa DO n-oeancap pannpaip- 
 ceac pinn leip an c-pacpaimemcpe ? 
 
 pp. HeapcujaD ajup bearujao ap n-anman le copp 
 ujup le puil Chpiopc, amail map neapcuijreap ajup 
 beojuioreap ap g-cuipp leip an apan ajup a b-pion. 
 
 Ce. CpeaD lappcap ap an opumj DO 7:15 cum puipeip 
 an Ui^eapna ? 
 
 pp. lao pern DO pcpuoao, an b-puil airpeacap pipin- 
 neac oppra pa na b-peacaioe DO pmneaoap, 05 cup 
 pompa 50 oionjmalca beaca nua6 DO caiceaiii, a^up 
 cpeioeam peapmac DO beic aca a D-cpocaipe t)e, cpe 
 Chpfopc, le cuiriine buiDij a bdip, ajup a beir a j-cap- 
 rannacc le gac uile 6ume. 
 
 THE END. 
 
In the Press, and shortly will be published \ in 8t?o., 
 A 
 
 GRAMMAR OF THE IRISH LANGUAGE, 
 
 FOR 
 
 of tf) 
 
 IN 
 
 THE COLLEGE OF ST. COLUMBA. 
 BY JOHN O'DONOVAN, ESQ. 
 
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