THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 GIFT OF 
 
 Commodore Byron McCandless
 
 THE 
 
 HISTORY 
 
 
 
 OF THE 
 
 * - 
 
 Ancient aufr Ijonorabk 
 
 ARTILLERY COMPANY, 
 
 [REVISED AND ENLARGED] 
 
 FROM 
 
 ITS FORMATION IN 1637 AND CHARTER IN 1638, 
 TO THE PRESENT TIME; 
 
 COMPRISING THE 
 
 BIOGRAPHIES 
 
 OF THE DISTINGUISHED 
 
 CIVIL, LITERARY, RELIGIOUS, AND MILITARY MEN OF 
 THE COLONY, PROVINCE, AND COMMONWEALTH. 
 
 BT THE LATE 
 
 ZACHARIAH O. WHITMAN, A. M. 
 
 BOSTON, MASS. 
 
 Qetorib <Mti0n. 
 
 BOSTON: 
 
 JOHN H. EASTBURN, PRINTER, 
 
 No. 18 State Street. 
 
 1842.
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred 
 and forty-two, by the ANCIENT AND HONORABLE ARTILLERY COMPANY, 
 in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Massachusetts.
 
 UA 
 
 A 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 THE undersigned, a Committee to superintend the publication of 
 this History, have devoted to that duty the time they could spare 
 from their other avocations, and now submit the volume to the 
 candor of their associates and to the public. 
 
 They feel none of that weight of responsibility, which a work of 
 history and biography necessarily imposes on an author, nor the 
 slightest accountability for the correctness of matter, or even the 
 arrangement. They fully, however, accord their conviction that the 
 work is one of great interest, correctness and value; and they need 
 not say that the Company have spared no expense to honor its public 
 " appearance" 
 
 The compiler was well known, for thirty years, as an assiduous 
 friend of the institution, a History of which, published in 1820, was 
 considered a work of merit; in comparison, however, this edition is 
 vastly more accurate, comprehensive, and didactic. He was equally 
 remarkable for his antiquarian and historical taste ; and we gladly 
 embrace the opportunity to add, that the manuscript passed under 
 the inquisitorial eye of John Farmer, Esq, one of the most accurate 
 and distinguished antiquarians of our country. It was prepared for 
 publication toward the close of the second Centennial Anniversary, 
 but, for reasons unknown, postponed. The Committee think the 
 omission of a minute narrative of the CC Anniversary to be judi- 
 cious, since the details of such an occasion would have swelled the 
 book, (as in the instance of Quincy's History of Harvard College,) 
 without interesting any, except the actors in the scene. 
 
 It may be regretted that the learned University historian could not 
 have inspected the labors of this compiler, as the College and the 
 Company were twin-born institutions mutual friends and co-workers 
 
 OE;.^/* 0-3 
 
 *-> 4 ^ '
 
 IV 
 
 for the common good. Two Histories, more exactly descriptive of 
 the past successive generations of the New England people, could 
 not probably be compiled from the archives of existing institutions. 
 To the Colonial and Provincial eras, with their characters and events, 
 the public mind is ever intently turned. Every chronicle and tablet, 
 every inscription found upon hearth-stone or tomb-stone, leads us, 
 as by a new path, through the forest of American settlement. The 
 College educated, the Pulpit encouraged, the Militia defended ; des- 
 pondency brightened into confidence, and the few have now become 
 a great nation. Well may present and future members take an hon- 
 est pride in connecting themselves, by succession, with the Pilgrim, 
 the Provincial, and the Soldier of the Revolution. To the native 
 soil of their native home let them cling, with fonder, more filial 
 affection, than if it were classic ground ; seeing it was consecrated 
 by the nobler spirit of Christian freedom and philanthropy. 
 
 In adopting the large size type, the Committee are compelled to 
 exclude the list of Preachers, other than of the Artillery Company, 
 which, as stated, pp. 69 70, the compiler had prepared. A few 
 trifling omissions of matter, irrelevant to our history, have also been 
 found necessary in order to confine the book to a convenient limit. 
 Since the compiler's death, the Roll has been continued to the pres- 
 ent time, avoiding extended biographies of the present members, as 
 a point of propriety, unless they have held a commission in the Com- 
 pany, or high military rank. 
 
 The compiler's biography was written by one of the Committee. 
 
 If, in the opinion of any member, past or present, aught should 
 have been said or omitted, it will be borne in mind that the subject 
 is one of much delicacy, and the Committee would assume no re- 
 sponsibility in the premises. The work is a public work, and can- 
 not authorize any recommendation on the part of the institution, 
 except that which results from its historical merit as a chronicle of 
 men and things passed away leaving some worthy mementos to 
 their descendants. 
 
 SAMUEL A. ALLEN, ^ 
 GEORGE M. THACHER, > Committee. 
 GEORGE H. WHITMAN, ) 
 
 Boston, May 12th, 1842.
 
 HISTORY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ANCIENT AND HONORABLE 
 ARTILLERY COMPANY. 
 
 A PRINTED history of the Ancient and Honorable 
 Artillery Company, has long been an object interesting 
 and desirable. Several attempts have, at different pe- 
 riods, been made to transmit to posterity what could be 
 gleaned from its records ; but so detached and imperfect 
 were the materials, that to discover and trace the mili- 
 tary events connected with them was a labor no one 
 was willing to undertake. A sketch of its history was 
 published in 1820. Since that time many errors in fact, 
 and many new facts, have been discovered, which have 
 induced the original compiler to revise the same, and, 
 by a different arrangement, to present a more authentic 
 history. 
 
 This Company was the first regular organized com- 
 pany in America. It may be considered the germ 
 from which all our military character in New England, 
 if not in the United States, has sprung ; and to the for- 
 mation of this Company may, therefore, justly be at- 
 tributed the decided superiority of the New England 
 Militia. 
 
 Most writers upon the early history of our country 
 have confined themselves to ecclesiastical affairs. Every 
 particle of information respecting the private character 
 of the first planters, especially those who were members 
 of this Company, becomes valuable. Our venerable 
 forefathers, driven by religious persecution from their
 
 2 
 
 native land to these uncivilized shores, brought with 
 them a spirit of freedom, which two hundred years 'have 
 not extinguished which has been transmitted to their 
 
 D 
 
 descendants improved by education, ennobled and 
 brightened by constant exercise, and, like genuine ore, 
 has not only been purified from its accompanying dust 
 and dross, but lost nothing of its original solidity or 
 value. To use the words of a distinguished son of one 
 of the earliest patriots of the revolution, the people of 
 New England " were always free" They were pious, 
 brave and enterprising. Surrounded by savage tribes, 
 who were jealous and treacherous, they were obliged 
 to be on the alert, and while piety sanctified the cause, 
 necessity nerved the arm, to defend their infant Com- 
 monwealth. 
 
 As no regular military force accompanied the first 
 settlers, or planters, they formed voluntary military as- 
 sociations for defence, commonly stiled "bands," or 
 " train bands." These voluntary associations consti- 
 tuted the whole military before it assumed any regular 
 organization by the Government of the Colony in the 
 year 1644. On the 7th of 10th month, 1636, there 
 were seven of these bands, viz : the band of Boston, 
 led by Capt. John Underbill, with Edward Gibbons as 
 Lieutenant, and Robert Hardinge as Ensign ; the band 
 of Dorchester, led by Capt.* Israel Stoughton, with 
 Nathaniel Duncan as Lieutenant, and John Holman as 
 Ensign ; the band of Charlestown, led by Capt. Rob- 
 ert Sedgwick, with f as Lieutenant ; 
 
 the band of Watertovvn, led by Capt. William Geinson, 
 or Jennison ; the band of Newton, led by Capt. George 
 
 *I find the name .Ezekiel only in a solitary ancient copy of the Roll ; in all 
 other Rolls there is no Christian name. I presume Israel is the true Christian 
 name. 
 
 t The former edition gives Francis Norton as Lieutenant of this band in 1636 ; 
 but erroneously, for Norton did not leave New Hampshire till 1641, and then came 
 to reside in Charlestown.
 
 Cooke, with William Spencer as Lieutenant ; the band 
 
 of Saugus, led by , in which Daniel 
 
 Haugh, or Howe, was Lieutenant, and Richard (by 
 some Robert) Walker was Ensign ; and the band of 
 Ipswich, led by Capt. Daniel Dennison, with Richard 
 Davenport as Lieutenant. These are all the names of 
 officers transmitted to us ; all of whom are among the 
 primary members. Although they had selected the 
 most experienced, learned and skilful, as leaders, they 
 found their scattered situation, and deficiency in tactics 
 and discipline, rendered them unequal and unable, not- 
 withstanding their courage, to cope with an artful foe. 
 It is proper here to give all the information we pos- 
 sess relative to the Honorable Artillery Company of 
 London, of which the Ancient and Honorable Artillery 
 may be considered as originally a branch. The follow- 
 ing was obtained by the friendly aid of Rev. J. S. J. 
 Gardiner, D. D. of Boston, previous to his death on a 
 visit to England, and afterwards transmitted to the com- 
 piler. It is a letter from Petty Vaughan, Esq., of Lon- 
 don, who acquired his information from a Mr. White 
 then a member and is as follows. London, July 17th, 
 1 830. Sir The Artillery Company, London. A vol- 
 untary band made up of respectable men, and in time 
 of peace rather a skeleton to be filled up when occasion 
 requires. They have occasional drills during peace. 
 Was originally a branch of St. George's Guild,* from 
 which other corps have also sprung. One in Ireland 
 and perhaps that in Boston. The Company have funds 
 from estates, which defray their expenses of music, &c ; 
 but Mr. White could not state whence they were 
 originally derived. The Artillery Company had a char- 
 ter granted in Henry VIII reign, which is given at 
 
 * Guild Johnson's Dictionary says (Saxon) a society; a corporation, a fra- 
 ternity, and quotes Cowell.
 
 4 
 
 length in Woods-Bovvmans Glory, printed two hundred 
 years ago, and a very rare book. On the accession of 
 each King, a warrant is granted to last during his 
 reign, and is now promised by William IV. The 
 King has the power of appointing the Captain General, 
 and has usually nominated himself. He may also ap- 
 point the Colonel, but that officer with the rest are 
 usually elected by the Company, which may be about 
 1000 strong. The Duke of Sussex is the present 
 Colonel, and was elected. When the warrant by a 
 new King is granted a fresh set of Rules are printed. 
 This may be some months hence, when Mr. White (17 
 or 18) of Artillery Place, Finsbury, has promised a 
 copy. Highmore's History of the Artillery Company, 
 published about thirty-seven years ago, contains an ac- 
 count of it from its commencement ; but is a scarce 
 book. 
 
 A subsequent letter of February 18th, 1831, inclosed 
 the following as a copy of the " Rules and Orders " of 
 the Honorable Artillery Company originally made in 
 1658, severally revised and amended to the year 1830. 
 
 PREAMBLE. 
 
 By virtue and in pursuance of the authorities with which the 
 Honorable Artillery Company has been invested by the Patents and 
 Warrants of His Majesty's Predecessors, and is invested by the 
 Royal Warrant of His present Majesty King William the IV., dated 
 ihe twenty-first day of August, 1830, whereby His Majesty is gra- 
 ciously pleased to declare himself Captain General* of the Company, 
 and his Illustrious Brother, Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of 
 Sussex, the Colonel ; and confirming the immemorial rights and 
 usages of the Company to make Laws for its own government, the 
 following Articles were, at a General Court held for that purpose at 
 the Armory House, on the eighteenth day of November, 1830, ap- 
 proved, and declared to be the Rules and Orders thereof. 
 
 * While George IV. was Captain General, the Lord Mayor of London, for the 
 time being, was President.
 
 ARTICLE I. That this Company do consist of a President, Vice 
 President, Treasurer, Colonel, Lieut. Colonel, Major, Chaplain, Ad- 
 jutant, Physician, Two Surgeons, Quarter Master, and Sergeant 
 Major, Eight Battalion Companies, Two Flank Companies, (viz. : 
 Grenadiers and Light Infantry,) a Yager, an Artillery, an Archers, 
 and a Veteran Company. 
 
 ARTICLE II. That the Veteran Company do consist of not more 
 than thirty members, and be honorably distinguished in being com- 
 posed of members admitted into it by the Court of Assistants, on 
 the recommendation of the Military Committee. 
 
 ARTICLE III. That the Company be governed by a Court of 
 Assistants, consisting of the President, Vice President, Treasurer, 
 Colonel, Lieutenant Colonel, Major, and Adjutant ; twenty-four 
 elective Assistants, the Lord Mayor, the Aldermen, and Sheriffs, of 
 the City of London, for the time being. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. That no person in future be admitted an honorary 
 member of the Court of Assistants. 
 
 ARTICLE V. That the military affairs of the Company be regu- 
 lated by a Committee, consisting of the Field Officers and Adjutant, 
 subject to the control of the Court of Assistants. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. That all elections be by ballot. 
 
 ARTICLE VII. That a General Court be annually held, the first 
 Thursday in December, for the affairs of the Company, and the 
 choice of a President, Vice President, Treasurer, twenty-four elect- 
 ive Assistants, and Officers for the year, viz., Colonel, (when not 
 especially appointed by the Crown,) Lieutenant Colonel, Major, 
 Chaplain, Adjutant, Physician, Two Surgeons, Quarter Master, and 
 Sergeant Major: likewise for the Servants of the Company, viz, a 
 Secretary, Assistant Secretary, and Messenger. 
 
 ARTICLE VIII. That, twenty-eight days previous to the annual 
 General Court, each Company shall deliver, by its commandinor 
 Officer, to the Secretary, the names of three members thereof, to 
 which the Court of Assistants may add twelve other names: and 
 these conjunctively, shall be returned to the General Court, for the 
 election of twenty-four, to serve on the Court of Assistants for the 
 year ensuing. And if any six members be desirous of making any 
 alteration in the Civil Chiefs, Field Officers, Staff, or Servants, of 
 the Company, a list of names for such alterations, signed by them, 
 shall be delivered to the Secretary twenty-eight days previous to the 
 annual General Court. 
 
 ARTICLE IX. That the Court of Assistants may convene a special 
 General Court, whenever it shall think expedient. 
 
 ARTICLE X. That if one eighth, but in no case less than thirty
 
 6 
 
 members of the Company shall be desirous of having a special 
 General Court convened, they shall give notice, in writing, to the 
 Court of Assistants, specifying the subject on which such Court is 
 to meet ; and no special General Court shall be convened under any 
 other authority, unless the Court of Assistants shall refuse or neglect 
 to comply with the said requisition, for the space of twenty-one days : 
 in which case the said requesting members may direct the Secretary 
 to summon the General Court, and when sixty members are assem- 
 bled they may proceed to business. The summons, convening the 
 special General Court, to be, in all cases, delivered or sent to all the 
 members, at least seven days prior to the time appointed for holding 
 the Court, and to specify the subject to be taken into consideration : 
 and no. other matter shall be discussed than what shall be expressed 
 in such summons. 
 
 ARTICLE XI. That, for preserving due decorum in the proceed- 
 ings and deliberations of the General Courts, the President, Vice 
 President, Treasurer, and Field Officers shall preside, according to 
 rank ; and, if none of the above attend, the Court shall choose a 
 Chairman. That no person be permitted to speak to one question 
 more than twice, unless called upon to explain. All motions to be 
 delivered to the Chairman, in writing, and decided by the holding 
 up of hands, unless, on a previous motion, it be agreed to determine 
 any particular question by ballot. If two members demand a divis- 
 ion, it shall be allowed ; those voting against the question shall with- 
 draw. That no Protests be received. That no Court be adjourned 
 or dissolved, without a question for that purpose. That no business 
 be permitted at the annual General Court, after the ballot shall have 
 commenced, except the election of the Officers of Companies, and 
 the declaration of the ballot. 
 
 ARTICLE XII. That no motion shall be made at any annual Gen- 
 eral Court, to alter or rescind any rule or order of the Company, 
 unless the summons for such Court shall specify the alteration in- 
 tended to be made. And if one eighth, but in no case Jess than 
 thirty members shall be desirous of altering or rescinding any such 
 rule or order, at any annual General Court, and shall give twenty- 
 eight days notice, in writing, to the Secretary, the Court of Assist- 
 ants shall cause the same to be specified in the summons for such 
 annual General Court. 
 
 ARTICLE XIII. That, as often as there shall happen to be four 
 vacancies of elected members of the Court of Assistants, a General 
 Court shall be called to fill up the same; and, in case any Civil 
 Chief, Officer, or Servant of the Company (mentioned in the seventh 
 Article) shall die, resign, or be discontinued, the Court of Assistants
 
 shall, from time to time, proceed to fill up such vacancy for the re- 
 mainder of the year ; and shall order any vacancy that may happen 
 in any Company, to be filled up by the members of such Company, 
 subject to their approval, as to the regularity of election. 
 
 ARTICLE XIV. That no change whatever shall be made in any 
 part of the Regimentals of the Company, except with the approba- 
 tion of the Court of Assistants, upon the recommendation of the 
 Military Committee, or by the votes of two thirds of the members 
 present at a General Court. 
 
 ARTICLE XV. That any Gentleman desirous of becoming a 
 member, shall be recommended to the Court of Assistants, by five 
 members of the Company, to whom he is well known : which recom- 
 mendation shall be delivered in writing to the Court, specifying the 
 name, age, place of abode, and occupation, of the candidate, and 
 whether he has been a member of any other and what Corps ; and if 
 approved, his name and description shall be put up in writing by 
 the Secretary, in the Court room aud some other conspicuous place 
 in the Armory house, until the next Court shall assemble; the sum- 
 monses to be underwritten, " to ballot for the candidate," mention- 
 ing his name and description, and the Corps (if any) to which he 
 belonged ; that he, with one of the members recommending, shall 
 attend such Court, when, if he be of proper appearance, and doth 
 satisfy the Court that he is well affected to His Majesty and the 
 Constitution, that he will be obedient to all the Rules and Orders 
 of the Company, and will attend his duty upon every occasion when 
 he shall be summoned for that purpose, the Court may proceed to 
 ballot. Gentlemen under twenty-one years of age must produce the 
 approbation of their parents or guardians. 
 
 ARTICLE XVI. That no person shall be entitled to vote upon 
 any occasion until he has been a member six calendar months. 
 
 ARTICLE XVII. That members under twenty-one years of age 
 shall be designated Cadets, and not be allowed, during such minori- 
 ty, to vote at a General Court, nor be eligible to sit upon the Court 
 of Assistants, nor be elected officers. 
 
 ARTICLE XVIII. That the Court of Assistants be empowered to 
 expel any member who shall recommend a person under a fictitious 
 description, and the members so recommended. 
 
 ARTICLE XIX. That every gentleman, at his admission, do pay 
 three pounds fifteen shillings to the Company, five shillings to the 
 Secretary, two shillings to the Messenger, and two shillings for 
 charitable uses. 
 
 ARTICLE XX. That every member do pay, to the person ap- 
 pointed to collect the same two pounds two shillings per annum, (in
 
 8 
 
 advance) commencing from Michaelmas 1831 ; that no person shall 
 have a right to vote at a General Court, or be chosen into any office, 
 until he has paid the same, it having been demanded ; and, on re- 
 fusal to comply, he shall be summoned before the first Court of 
 Assistants after Lady-Day, to answer for such neglect or refusal ; 
 and, if he do not then pay or attend the said Court, they are em- 
 powered to expel him the Company. 
 
 ARTICLE XXI. That, if any member be guilty of any act which 
 affects the peace, honor, or prosperity, of the Company, the Court 
 of Assistants, on proof thereof, are empowered, to censure, fine, or 
 expel him : subject to an appeal to a General Court. 
 
 ARTICLE XXII. That whoever may be elected Secretary, or 
 Collector, or appointed to any other place of trust, shall, within 
 twenty-eight days after his election, give such security as the Court 
 of Assistants may think proper, and in default thereof the appoint- 
 ment shall be void. That the accounts of the Company be audited, 
 at least once a year, to Michaelmas : and the state thereof reported 
 to the annual General Court in December following. 
 
 ARTICLE XXIII. That the Court of Assistants be empowered to 
 fine, suspend, or discharge, any of the servants of the Company who 
 shall misbehave or neglect their duty, and shall report the same to 
 the next General Court. 
 
 ARTICLE XXIV. That the Court of Assistants be empowered to 
 make any Rules or Orders they may see necessary, which are not 
 contrary to the Orders of a General Court ; and such Rules and Or- 
 ders shall be immediately printed and distributed to all the mem- 
 bers of the Company. 
 
 ARTICLE XXV. That the Officers be chosen separately, by ballot, 
 by the respective Companies, at the annual General Court in Decem- 
 ber, immediately after the ballot for the Chiefs, Field Officers, Court 
 Assistants, and Servants, of the Company, during the scrutiny ; and 
 that those engaged upon the scrutiny be allowed to ballot in their 
 respective Companies by proxy ; and that all elections of officers of 
 companies shall be reported to the next meeting of the Court of As- 
 sistants, for their approval as to the regularity of such elections. 
 
 ARTICLE XXVI. That no person belonging to any other military 
 corps shall be an officer of this Company, or a member of the Court 
 of Assistants thereof. 
 
 ARTICLE XXVII. That if any member withdraw himself from 
 this Company, he shall not be re-admitted but on paying the usual 
 fees of admission ; and, if he does not assign sufficient reason to the 
 Court of Assistants, he shall also pay the arrears of subscription 
 from the time he withdrew.
 
 9 
 
 ARTICLE XXVIII. That in cases of public emergency, or of im- 
 portance to the honor and interest of the Company, wherein decision 
 is required before the Court of Assistants can be regularly convened, 
 the Court of Assistants may assemble without summons, and when 
 five are met they are empowered to order the members to assemble 
 under arms, or to issue any other orders that the urgency of the case 
 may require, and shall give directions for a special Court of Assist- 
 ants being summoned to meet within three days to consider of their 
 proceedings. 
 
 Several of the first planters had belonged to the Hon- 
 orable Artillery Company in London, and probably de- 
 sired to establish a branch of it in the place of their 
 adoption, as well as to benefit their infant Colony, 
 which then consisted of only fifteen towns, viz. Salem, 
 Charlestown, Boston, Cambridge, Dorchester, Roxbury, 
 Watertown, Medford, Ipswich, Newbury, Hingham, 
 Concord, Weymouth, Dedham and Lynn. " Many of 
 the first Fathers of New England justly deserved the 
 character of being shining ornaments of the Church of 
 Christ, as well as the strongest bulwarks of civil socie- 
 ty ; they were noble instances of sublime piety and mar- 
 tial accomplishments : they were equally qualified to 
 adorn the Church by their exemplary virtue, and de- 
 fend it by their valour." They, therefore, such as the 
 leaders and officers of the voluntary train bands before 
 mentioned, and the principal magistrates and citizens, 
 formed a new military association, and as early as 
 1637, met for improvement in discipline and tactics. 
 Of the associates in 1637, the names of only twenty- 
 four have been preserved. 
 
 A petition was addressed to Governor Winthrop for 
 a charter of incorporation ; but it appears they did not 
 meet with success in their first application. Gov. Win- 
 throp says : Mo. 12, 1637, " Divers gentlemen and 
 others, being joined in a military Company, desired to 
 be made a corporation, &c. But the Council, consid- 
 ering [from the example of the Pretorian band among
 
 10 
 
 the Romans, and the Templars of Europe] how dan- 
 gerous it might be to erect a standing authority of mili- 
 tary men, which might easily, in time, overthrow the 
 civil power, thought fit to stop it betimes. Yet they 
 were allowed to be a Company, but subordinate to all 
 authority." Another writer, using nearly the same 
 words, adds, " thus were the chief rulers of the country 
 not only ready to espy, but timely prevent any incon- 
 veniency that might in aftertimes arise." It is also 
 supposed that the government were averse to granting 
 a charter, because many of the most conspicuous of the 
 members, or applicants, were warm adherents of the 
 famous Mrs. Hutchinson, and the constituted authorities 
 being her opponents were unwilling to grant the peti- 
 tion. 
 
 In the records of the government of the Colony, now 
 preserved in the Secretary's office, is found under date 
 of 17th 3d month 1638, the following notice of the 
 Company : " The Military Company of Boston may 
 present two or three to the Council, to choose a cap- 
 tain out of them." Also, " Captain Keayne and the 
 Military Company have power to exercise where they 
 please, and to make use of so many of the common 
 arms as they need ; and a warrant from any of the 
 Council is sufficient for the delivery of them unto Cap- 
 tain Keayne, or such as he shall appoint." They were 
 therefore permitted to continue their voluntary associa- 
 tion ; but men who had braved the dangers of the 
 winds and waves for conscience sake, and whose firm- 
 ness, courage, and piety were a shield and protection 
 in every emergency, were not to be shaken in their 
 resolutions or baffled in their enterprises. By perse- 
 verance they obtained a charter ; which, as extracted 
 from the original records of the Colony, March 17th, 
 1638, O. S. reads thus:
 
 . 11 
 
 " Orders for the Military Company, made by the Governor and 
 Council, and confirmed by the General Court. 
 
 " Whereas divers Gentlemen and others, out of their care of the 
 publick weal and safety, by the advancement of the military art, and 
 exercise of arms, have desired license of the Court to join themselves 
 in one Company, and to have the liberty to exercise themselves, as 
 their occasions will best permit ; and that such liberties and privi- 
 leges might be granted them, as the Court should think meet, for 
 their better encouragement and furtherance in so useful an employ- 
 ment; which request of theirs being referred unto us of the Stand- 
 ing Council, we have thought fit, upon serious consideration, and 
 conference with divers of the principal of them, to set down and or- 
 der herein as followeth : 
 
 " Imprimis. We do order, that Robert Keayne, Nathaniel Dun- 
 can, Robert Sedgwick, William Spencer, Gentlemen, and such others 
 as are already joined with them, and such as they shall from time to 
 time take into their Company, shall be called the Military Company 
 of Massachusetts. 
 
 " 2dly. They or the greater number of them, shall have liberty to 
 choose their Captain, Lieutenant, and all other officers. Their Cap- 
 tain and Lieutenant to be always such as the Court or Council shall 
 allow of; and no officer be put upon them, but of their own choice. 
 
 " 3dly. The first Monday in every month is appointed for their 
 meeting and exercise ; and to the end that they may not be hindered 
 from coming together, we do hereby order, that no other training in 
 the particular towns, nor other ordinary town meetings, shall be ap- 
 pointed on that day ; and if that day prove unseasonable for the ex- 
 ercise of their arms, then the sixth of the same week is appointed 
 for supply. This not to extend to Salem, or the towns beyond, nor 
 to Hingham, Weymouth, Dedham, nor Concord.* 
 
 * In the early records of the Company, and transcript rnade in pursuance of 
 Daniel Henchman, the commander's orders, and under date of 1702, is incor- 
 porated another article numbered 3d and insetted between 3d!y and 4thly of 
 the Charter as here printed, viz : " None of the said Military Company, (except 
 such as shall be officers in any other train baud in any particular town,) shall be 
 bound to give attendance upon their ordinary trainings." Snow, in his History of 
 Boston inserts this as an original part of the Charter ; but he took it from the 
 Charter as printed then for the use of the members from their records rather than 
 looking at the records of the Colony. The first By-laws adopted 1657 seem to be 
 founded on such an article, but it is presumed none such ever existed. It was a 
 custom adopted rather at the commencement of the Company and so handed 
 down, until, by tradition and use, it became merged or interpolated in the Charter. 
 It is however an important privilege of the Company, going to exempt all citizens,
 
 12 
 
 " 4thly. They have liberty and power to make orders amongst 
 themselves, for the better managing their military affairs ; which or- 
 ders are to be of force, when they shall be allowed by the Court or 
 Council ; and they may appoint an officer to levy any fines or for- 
 feitures, which they shall impose upon any of their own Company, 
 for the breach of any such order, so as the same exceed not twenty 
 shillings for any one offence. 
 
 " Sthly. The said Military Company are to have one thousand 
 acres of land, (in some such place as may not be prejudicial to any 
 plantation,) to be granted by the Court to some of the said Com- 
 pany, for the use of the present Company, and such as shall succeed 
 in the same ; to be improved by them within a time convenient, for 
 providing necessaries for their military exercises, and defraying of 
 other charges, which may arise by occasion thereof. 
 
 " Gthly. The said Company shall have liberty, at the time before 
 appointed, to assemble themselves for their military exercises, in any 
 town within this jurisdiction, at their own pleasure; provided al- 
 ways, that this order or grant, or anything therein contained, shall 
 not extend to free the said Company, or any of them, their persons 
 or estates, from the civil Government and jurisdiction here estab- 
 lished. -*v 
 
 " JOHN WINTHROP, Governor. 
 
 " THOMAS DUDLEY, Dep. Governor." 
 
 Under the sanction of the government of the Colony, 
 the Company was first organized by electing, on the 
 first Monday of June, 1638, Capt. Robert Keayne, as 
 Commander, Daniel Haugh,* or Howe, Lieutenant, 
 and Joseph Weld, Ensign. Lewis, in his recent his- 
 tory of Lynn, says, " 1638. First Monday of June. 
 The Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company organ- 
 ized. In the afternoon, between the hours of three and 
 four, there was very great earthquake. People found 
 it difficult to stand, and furniture and chimneys were 
 thrown down. Shocks were repeated for several weeks, 
 &c." It is worthy of remark here, and the fact is 
 
 otherwise liable to duty, from doing such duty in companies, within whose 
 bounds they may reside ; and as such has always received such construction. 
 
 * This name is spelt in old rolls and list of officers Haugh, but it undoubtedly 
 means Lieut. Daniel Howe of Lynn.
 
 13 
 
 substantiated by tradition, among the oldest members, 
 that they rarely have known an Artillery Election day 
 without rain during some part of it. The subsequent 
 history of the Company, will proceed chronologically 
 as it regards the Roll, introducing as much biography 
 of its members as can be gleaned, and at the end of the 
 year such important acts or facts concerning the Com- 
 pany generally, or the militia of the State, as have any 
 connexion therewith, or may be interesting. The first 
 anniversary was therefore celebrated in June 1638, 
 though the voluntary association had existed, as before 
 remarked, for a year or more previous. 
 
 1637. 
 
 CAPT. ROBERT KEAYNE. The first on the Roll, and 
 first named in the Charter. Where he was born, and 
 when, is unknown. He was by profession a merchant 
 tailor, and came from London, in company with his 
 brother in law, Rev. John Wilson, first minister of the 
 first Church founded in Boston. He was probably 
 somewhat advanced in age, since his only son and 
 child, Benjamin, is enrolled among the members admit- 
 ted 1638. He had been, previous to his emigration, 
 a member of the Honorable Artillery Company in Lon- 
 don. As he was admitted to the freeman's oath, at the 
 Court, Mav, 1636, we conclude he arrived the autumn 
 previous. He was received into Boston Church, March 
 20th, 1635-6. Of the sixty-two admitted freemen the 
 same day, he was one of the four who had the title Mr., 
 the prefix of respect. We have already noticed him as 
 being the person to whom, by order of the Court, the 
 persons disarmed on account of Mrs. Hutchinson's 
 difficulties, were to surrender their arms ; he was there- 
 fore strictly orthodox, and adhered to the party of Gov. 
 Winthrop. He must have been wealthy before he left 
 London, for he was one of the forty-two who raised by
 
 14 
 
 subscription 1,800, as an encouragement of the Plan- 
 tation at Plymouth, 7th April, 1624, by which its life 
 was preserved. 
 
 Capt. Keayne was the first Commander of the Com- 
 pany, elected June, 1638, and again elected its Captain, 
 1647, on its tenth anniversary. We have no evidence 
 that he sustained any military office higher in rank than 
 Captain. Many important offices and trusts were com- 
 mitted to his charge, both in town and State affairs. In 
 all the earliest town meetings in Boston, Capt. Keayne 
 took an active and leading part, and was their Deputy 
 in the General Court, 1638, they holding four courts in 
 a year, and doing all their business generally in a few 
 days. He was also their Deputy at the first Court, 
 1639. In 1642 and ever after, the Deputies were 
 elected for a year, and he again served as Deputy in 
 1645-6-8 and 9, in which station his activity and use- 
 fulness were equally conspicuous. He became a man 
 of large property, distinguished for his piety and be- 
 nevolence ; and in every plan for improvement or enter- 
 prise, for building up the church, the town, the college, 
 or colony at large, Robert Keayne's name appears as a 
 patron. So eminently useful were his services, and he 
 stood so high in the estimation of the Government, that 
 in May, 1639, a grant of four hundred acres of land 
 had been made to him, when others, of no larger quan- 
 tity, were made to several gentlemen of the first rank 
 in the Colony. 
 
 His industry must have been great ; for, in addition 
 to his private affairs and public duties, he was in the 
 habit of taking minutes of the various and almost per- 
 petual church proceedings, several of which, with ser- 
 mons he* heard, taken in short hand, or in substance, 
 are preserved in the Historical Library of Massachu- 
 setts, all in his own hand writing. This was an early 
 custom among our forefathers, but it is difficult to de-
 
 15 
 
 cipher them, on account of the loss of the key ; never- 
 theless they have been of great use to the antiquary. 
 His name appears spelt differently, being sometimes 
 spelt Cane, Cayne, Kene, Keene, Keine, Keaine. His 
 house was situated at the south-west corner of State 
 and Washington Streets, opposite the then market, 
 upon which the Old State House now stands, and there 
 probably stood his shop.* 
 
 Notwithstanding this excellent character, we learn 
 he did not comply in all things with the rigid morality 
 of his puritanical brethren. He was, in 1639, com- 
 plained of before the General Court for great oppres- 
 sion. Winthrop gives the following account of the 
 matter, under date of month 9th, 1639. "At a General 
 Court holden at Boston, great complaint was made of 
 the oppression used in the country, in the sale of for- 
 eign commodities ; and Mr. Robert Kaine, who kept a 
 shop in Boston, was, notoriously above others, observed 
 and complained of; and, being covenanted, he was 
 charged with many particulars : in some, for taking 
 above six pence in the shilling profit ; in some, above 
 eight pence ; and in some small things, 'above two for 
 one : and being hereof convict, (as appears by the 
 records,) he was fined 200, which came thus to pass. 
 The deputies considered, apart, of his fine, and set it 
 at 200 ; the magistrates agreed but to 100. So, the 
 Court being divided, at length it was agreed, that his 
 fine should be 200, but he should pay but 100, and 
 the other should be respited to the further consideration 
 of the next General Court. By this means the magis- 
 trates and deputies were brought to an accord, which 
 otherwise had not been likely, and so much trouble 
 might have grown, and the offender escaped censure. 
 For the cry of the country was so great against oppres- 
 
 *See Book of Possessions ; and Suow's History of Boston, p. 117.
 
 16 
 
 sion, and some of the elders and magistrates had de- 
 clared such detestation of the corrupt practice of this 
 man (which was the more observable, because he was 
 wealthy, and sold dearer than most other tradesmen, 
 and for that he was of ill report for the like covetous 
 practice in England, that incensed the deputies very 
 much against him.) And sure the course was very 
 evil, especial circumstances considered : 1st. He be- 
 ing an ancient professor of the gospel : 2d. A man of 
 eminent parts : 3d. Wealthy, and having but one child : 
 4th. Having come over for conscience sake, and for 
 the advancement of the gospel here : 5th. Having been 
 formerly dealt with and admonished, both by private 
 friends and also by some of the magistrates and elders, 
 and having promised reformation ; being a member of 
 a church and commonwealth now in their infancy, and 
 under the curious observation of all churches and civil 
 States in the world. These added much aggravation 
 to his sin, in the judgment of all men of understanding. 
 Yet most of the magistrates (though they discerned of 
 the offence clothed with all these circumstances) would 
 have been more moderate in their censure : 1st. Be- 
 cause there was no law in force to limit or direct men 
 in point of profit in their trade : 2d. Because it is the 
 common practice, in all countries, for men to make use 
 of advantages for raising the prices of their commodi- 
 ties : 3d. Because (though he were chiefly aimed at, 
 yet) he was not alone in this fault : 4th. Because all 
 men through the country} in sale of cattle, corn, labour, 
 &c., were guilty of the like excess in prices : 5th. Be- 
 cause a certain rule could not be found out for an equal 
 rate between buyer and seller, though much labour had 
 been bestowed in it, and divers laws had been made, 
 which, upon experience, were repealed, as being neither 
 safe nor equal. Lastly, and especially, because the law 
 of God appoints no other punishment but double resti-
 
 17 
 
 tution : and, in some cases, as where the offender freely 
 confesseth, and brings his offering, only half added to 
 the principal. After the Court had censured him, the 
 Church of Boston called him also in question, where 
 (as before he had done in the court) he did, with tears, 
 acknowledge and bewail his covetous and corrupt heart, 
 yet making some excuse for many of the particulars, 
 which were charged upon him, as partly by pretence of 
 ignorance of the true price of 'some wares, and chiefly 
 by being misled by some false principles, as: 1st. That 
 if a man lost in one commodity, he might help himself 
 in the price of another : 2d. That if, through want of 
 skill or other occasion, his commodity cost him more 
 than the price of the market in England, he might then 
 sell it for more than the price of the market in New 
 England, &c. These things gave occasion to Mr. Cot- 
 ton, in his public exercise the next lecture day, to lay 
 open the error of such false principles, and to give rules 
 of direction. Some false principles were these : 
 
 1st. That a man might sell as dear as he can, and buy as cheap 
 as he can. 
 
 2d. If a man lose, by casualty of sea, &c., in some of his com- 
 modities, he may raise the price of the rest. 
 
 3d. That he may sell as he bought, though he paid too dear, &,c., 
 and though the commodity be fallen, &,c. 
 
 4th. That, as a man may take the advantage of his own skill, or 
 ability, so he may of another's ignorance or necessity. 
 
 5th. Where one gives time for payment, he is to take like recom- 
 pense of one as of another. 
 
 The rules for trading were- these: 
 
 1st." A man may not sell above the current price: i. e. such a 
 price as is usual in the time and place, and as another (who knows 
 the worth of the commodity) would give for it, if he had occasion 
 to use it; as that is called current money, which every man will 
 take, &-c. 
 
 2d. When a man loseth in his commodity for want of skill, &c., 
 he must look at it as his own fault or cross, and therefore must not 
 lay it upon another.
 
 18 
 
 3d. Where a man loseth by casualty at sea, or &c., it is a loss cast 
 upon himself by providence, and he may not ease himself of it by 
 casting it upon another ; for so a man should seem to provide against 
 all providences, &.C., that he should never lose : but where there is 
 a scarcity of the commodity, there men may raise their price ; for 
 now it is a hand of God upon the commodity, and not the person. 
 
 4th. A man may not ask any more for his commodity than his 
 selling price, as Ephraim to Abraham, the land is worth so muck 
 
 The cause being debated by the church, some were 
 earnest to have him excommunicated ; but the most 
 thought an admonition would be sufficient. Mr. Cotton 
 opened the causes which required excommunication, 
 out of that in 1st Corinthians, v, 1 1th. The point now 
 in question was, whether these actions did declare him 
 to be such a covetous person, &c. Upon which he 
 showed, that it is neither the habit of covetousness, 
 (which is in every man in some degree,) nor simply the 
 act, that declares a man to be such, but when it ap- 
 pears, that a man sins against his conscience, or the 
 very light of nature, and when it appears in a man's 
 whole conversation. But Mr. Keaine did not appear to 
 be such, but rather upon an error in his judgment, be- 
 ing led by false principles ; and besides, he is otherwise 
 liberal, as in hospitality, and in church communion, &c. 
 So, in the end, the church consented to an admonition. 
 Upon this occasion a question grew, whether an admo- 
 nition did bar a man from the sacrament, &c. 
 
 Under date of 3d mo. 13th, 1640, Winthrop says: 
 " This first Court there fell some difference between 
 the Governor* and some of the Deputies about a vote, 
 upon a motion to have the fine of 200 imposed upon 
 Mr. Robert Keaine to be abated. Some would have 
 had it at 100 others at 100 marks, others at 50, and 
 
 * Keayne, in his will, says, Winthrop was prejudiced against him, but changed 
 his opinion on the matter shortly before his death, and designed to have moved 
 the Court for restitution of the fine.
 
 19 
 
 because the Governor put the lowest to the vote first, 
 whereas divers called for the highest, they charged the 
 Governor with breach of order, whereupon he grew 
 into some heat, professing that he would not suffer such 
 things, &c. The Deputies took this as a menacing^ 
 and much offence they took at it ; but the next day he 
 cleared his intention to them, and all was quiet." Dud- 
 ley, who was brother-in-law to Keayne, was Governor 
 at this election in the room of Winthrop, he having de- 
 clined a reelection that year from the republican prin- 
 ciple of a rotation in office. The Colony Records I. 
 276, May session, 1640, say, "Mr. Robert Keayne had 
 120 of his fine remitted him; so that there remains 
 only 80 to be paid by him." 
 
 From the foregoing we may conclude that Capt. 
 K. was not added to the list of martyrs, nor his 
 judges or persecutors canonized as saints. How sur- 
 prising that grave Governors and Legislators, learned 
 Divines and pious Christians, should waste their time 
 and abuse their talents upon such absurd and trifling 
 subtleties. It may seriously lead us to doubt both their 
 sanctification and justification, when they could spend 
 their time about such metaphysical nonsense. But it is 
 always the case when a Theocracy has the supremacy ; 
 for it is necessary, as soon as the religious fever has 
 reached its height, to furnish some aliment to keep up 
 the tone, and none other is so nutritious as regulating 
 each others' private concerns and characters. A sort 
 of espionage is tolerated and encouraged, which pros- 
 trates all freedom of thought and action, and every 
 liberal feeling, while it gives the chief actors great eclat, 
 and enhances their claims to superior holiness. We 
 should remember that empty vessels always produce the 
 loudest sound. 
 
 Unhappily, Keayne fell under obloquy again : a less 
 probable, though more ingenious accusation was pre-
 
 20 
 
 ferred, of which a very particular relation is here ex- 
 tracted from Savage's edition of "Winthrop. At a ses- 
 sion of the General Court, month 2o. 22o. 1642. 
 " There fell out a great business upon a very small 
 occasion. Anno 1 636, there was a stray sow in Boston, 
 which was brought to Capt. Keayne : he had it cried 
 divers times, and divers came to see it, but none made 
 claim to it for near a year. He kept it in his yard 
 with a sow of his own. Afterwards one Sherman's wife, 
 having lost such a sow, laid claim to it, but came not 
 to see it, till Capt. Keayne had killed his own sow. 
 After being showed the stray sow, and finding it to 
 have other marks than she had claimed her sow by, she 
 gave out that he had killed her sow. The noise hereof 
 being spread about the town, the matter was brought 
 before the elders of the church as a case of offence ; 
 many witnesses were examined, and Capt. Keayne was 
 cleared. She not being satisfied with this, by the in- 
 stigation of one George Story, a young merchant of 
 London, who kept in her house, (her husband being 
 then in England,) and had been brought before the Gov- 
 ernor upon complaint of Capt. Keayne as living under 
 suspicion, she brought the cause to the inferior Court 
 at Boston, where, upon a full hearing, Capt. Keayne 
 was again cleared, and the jury gave him 3 for his 
 costs, and he, bringing his action against Story and her 
 for reporting about that he had stolen her sow, recov- 
 ered 20 damages of either of them. Story upon this 
 searcheth town and country to find matter against Capt. 
 Keayne about this stray sow, and got one of his wit- 
 nesses to come into Salem Court and to confess there 
 that he had foresworn himself; and upon this he peti- 
 tions in Sherman's name, to this General Court, to have 
 the cause heard again, which was granted, and the best 
 part of seven days were spent in examining of witnesses 
 and debating of the cause ; and yet it was not deter-
 
 21 
 
 mined, for, there being nine Magistrates and thirty 
 Deputies, no sentence could by law pass without the 
 greater number of both, which neither Plaintiff nor 
 Defendant had, for there were for the Plaintiff two 
 Magistrates and fifteen Deputies, and for the Defendant 
 seven Magistrates and eight Deputies, the other seven 
 Deputies stood doubtful. Much contention and earn- 
 estness there was, which indeed did mostly arise from 
 the difficulty of the case, in regard of cross witnesses, 
 and some prejudices (as one professed) against the per- 
 son, which blinded some men's judgments that they 
 could not attend the true nature and course of the evi- 
 dence. For all the Plaintiff's witnesses amounted to 
 no more but an evidence of probability, so as they 
 might all swear true, and yet the sow in question might 
 not be the Plaintiff's. But the Defendant's witnesses 
 gave a certain evidence, upon their certain knowledge, 
 and that upon certain grounds, (and these as many and 
 more, and of as good credit as the others,) so, as, if this 
 testimony were true, it was not possible the sow should 
 be the Plaintiff's. Besides, whereas the Plaintiff's wife 
 was admitted to take her oath for the marks of her sow, 
 the Defendant and his wife (being a very godly, sober 
 woman) was denied the like, although propounded in 
 the Court by Mr. Cotton, upon that rule in the law 
 [blank] he shall swear he hath not put his hands to his 
 neighbour's goods. Yet they both in the open Court 
 solemnly, as in the presence of God, declared their 
 innocency, &c. Further, if the case had been doubtful, 
 yet the Defendant's lawful possession ought to have 
 been preferred to the Plaintiff's doubtful title, for in 
 equali jure melior est conditio possidentis. But the 
 Defendant being of ill report in the country for a hard 
 dealer in his course of trading, and having been for- 
 merly censured in the Court and in the church also, 
 by admonition for such offences, carried many weak
 
 >v 
 
 minds strongly against him. And the truth is, he was 
 very worthy of blame in that kind, as divers others in 
 the country were also in those times, though they were 
 not detected as he was ; yet to give every man his due, 
 he was very useful to the country, both by his hos- 
 pitality and otherwise. But one dead fly spoils much 
 good ointment. 
 
 " There was great expectation in the country, by 
 occasion of Story's clamours against him, that the cause 
 would have passed against the Captain, but falling out 
 otherwise, gave occasion to many to speak unreverently 
 of the court, especially of the magistrates, and the report 
 went, that their negative voice had hindered the course 
 of justice, and that these magistrates must be put out, 
 that the power of the negative voice might be taken 
 away. Thereupon it was thought fit by the Governor 
 and other of the magistrates to publish a declaration of 
 the true state of the cause, that truth might not be con- 
 demned unknown. This was framed before the court 
 brake up : for prevention whereof, the Governor ten- 
 dered a declaration in nature of a pacification, whereby 
 it might have appeared, that, howsoever the members 
 of the court dissented in judgment, yet they were the 
 same in affection, and had a charitable opinion of each 
 other ; but this was opposed by some of the Plaintiff's 
 part, so it was laid by. And because there was much 
 labouring in the country upon a false supposition, that 
 the magistrate's negative voice stopped the Plaintiff in 
 the case of the sow, one of the magistrates published a 
 declaration of the necessity of repealing the same." 
 
 Savage, in a valuable note on the foregoing, adds the 
 following : " Frequent animadversions are found in our 
 records on cases of real or supposed overcharge for 
 labour an4 commodities. A ludicrous one, mentioned 
 by Hubbard, 248, is more satisfactorily stated in our 
 records of the Colony, I. 250. at a General Court, 22d
 
 23 
 
 of 3d mo. 1639: 'Edward Palmer, for his extortion, 
 taking 1137 for the plank and wood work of Boston 
 stocks, is fined 5, and censured, to be set an hour in 
 the stocks.' Afterwards the fine was remitted to ten shil- 
 lings. The remainder of the sentence, I fear, was 
 executed. Our Ipswich chronicler is almost facetious 
 about this part : he ' had the honor to sit an hour in 
 them himself, to warn others not to offend in like 
 kind.' " 
 
 " The unhappy subject of this controversy was ex- 
 posed to very general blame, and several particular 
 complaints. I have seen an original affidavit of Thomas 
 Wiltshim, that for work done at Capt. Keayne's house, 
 there was due to the deponent 38 shillings, and that 
 Keayne sold him a piece of broadcloth, * which he said 
 was Spanish broadcloth, and delivered for payment to 
 this deponent at seventeen shillings per yard, the which 
 cloth this deponent showed to Henry Shrimpton, and 
 he said it was not worth above ten shillings per yard, 
 for it was but cloth rash, and so said goodman Read, 
 and his wife showed a waistcoat of the same kind of 
 cloth, which cost but nine shillings per yard, and in this 
 deponent's judgment was better cloth. Such was the 
 dangerous form and matter of judicial investigations in 
 the early days.' ' 
 
 This controversy about the old sow was not ended 
 here. At May session of the new General Court, 1 643, 
 Story again petitioned for a rehearing of the cause, and 
 there being much excitement in the country at the for- 
 mer court's decision, and in regard of "the negative 
 voice " which had grown out of it, leading to much de- 
 bate and discussion in writing, the elders were called in, 
 as they usually were consulted in every important affair, 
 and, though siding with Keayne's party, not being able 
 to appease the minds of the people, with all their great 
 power and influence, the Court seemed inclined to hear
 
 24 
 
 the cause again. Winthrop says this " caused others to 
 be much grieved to see such a spirit in godly men, that 
 neither the judgment of near all the magistrates, nor the 
 concurrence of the elders and their mediation, nor the 
 loss of time and charge, nor the settling of peace in 
 court and country could prevail with them, to let such a 
 cause fall, (as in ordinary course of justice it ought,) as 
 nothing could be found in it, by any one testimony, to 
 be of criminal nature, nor could the matter of the suit, 
 with all damages, have amounted to forty shillings." 
 The magistrates and elders appear to have been willing 
 the cause should go either way. 
 
 "Now that which made the people so unsatisfied, 
 and unwilling the cause should rest as it stood, was the 
 20 which the Defendant had recovered against the 
 Plaintiff, in an action of slander, for saying he had stolen 
 the sow, &c., and many of them could not distinguish 
 this from the principal cause, as if she had been ad- 
 judged to pay 20 for demanding her sow, and yet the 
 Defendant never took of this more than 3, for his 
 charges of witnesses &c, and offered to remit the whole, 
 if she would have acknowledged the wrong she had 
 done him. But he being accounted a rich man, and 
 she a poor woman, this so wrought with the people, as 
 being blinded with unreasonable compassion, they could 
 not see, or not allow justice her reasonable course. 
 This being found out by some of the court, a motion 
 was made, that some who had interest in the Defendant 
 would undertake to persuade him to restore the Plaintiff 
 the 3, (or whatever it were,) he took upon that judg- 
 ment, and likewise to refer other matters to reference 
 which were between the said Story and him. This the 
 court were satisfied with, and proceeded no further." 
 
 This sow business had started other questions, but of 
 their tedious details, however much they engrossed the 
 time of these sapient legislators, it is needless to speak.
 
 25 
 
 The efforts of this obscure woman, the power of that 
 unruly member, which in that sex so often kindles a 
 wide conflagration from a small spark, seem almost in- 
 credible Story was, probably, an unsuccessful rival in 
 trade. The mediators designated by the Court, who 
 put an end to this disgraceful proceeding, were, proba- 
 bly, Major-General Gibbens and Major William Ting, 
 Deputies from Boston, members of the same church 
 and of the Artillery Company. Many members of the 
 Company were then church members. Thus this first 
 great law-suit in Boston began and ended. There 
 were then no lawyers, except poor Lechford ; but as he, 
 soon after, had to fly back to England, to avoid starva- 
 tion, and is not mentioned in the whole affair, we pre- 
 sume he had no hand in the business. After two years 
 intermission, Keayne was elected a Deputy from Bos- 
 ton, with Gibbens and Hawkins, four of the five next 
 years, serving as Speaker (one day) at the opening of 
 the October session, 1646. 
 
 Capt. Keayne had witnessed the rapid increase of the 
 Company, predicted its beneficial effects, and labored to 
 promote its welfare. He continued through life to en- 
 courage his associates ; in the decline of life, with anxi- 
 ety savr its decay ; and dying, warned his companions of 
 the obstacles they would meet, and left them in his will 
 not only valuable legacies, but a text-book, which, if his 
 successors conform to it, will ensure the prosperity of 
 an institution that has ever been a favorite of the pub- 
 lic, and an ornament to the State. 
 
 August 1st, 1653, he began to write his will, which, 
 although consisting of about one hundred and fifty folio 
 pages of fine writing, "is all in his own hand." After 
 making a profession of his faith, he regulates his funeral 
 ceremonies, when, it seems, the institution of which he 
 had been the founder, occupied his thoughts ; for he 
 says :
 
 26 
 
 " As for my burial, I shall not desire any great outward solemni- 
 ties to be used, further than that which shall be decent and civil, as 
 becomes Christians ; knowing that extraordinary solemnities can 
 nothing add to the gain or benefit of the deceased ; yet, having been 
 trained up in military discipline from my youngest years, and having 
 endeavored to promote it the best I could, and since that God hath 
 brought me into this country, and seeing he hath been pleased to 
 raise me as a poor instrument to lay the foundation of that noble so- 
 ciety of the Artillery Company in this place, that had so far pros- 
 pered by the blessing of God, as to help many with good experience 
 in the use of their arms, and more exact knowledge in the military 
 art, and have become a nursery to raise up many able and well expe- 
 rienced soldiers, that have done some good service for their country ; 
 therefore, to declare my affections to that exercise and to the society 
 of soldiers, I shall desire to be buried as a soldier, in a military way, 
 if the time and place of my decease and other occasions may suit ; 
 thereunto which I leave to the discretion of my executors and 
 friends." 
 
 He then provides for his debts, makes a valuation of 
 his estate, and divides the principal part between his 
 wife and son, and having revoked a former will, goes 
 on to make several donations to build a market-place, 
 a conduit, a town-house, a library, and an armoury ; 
 and in describing particularly how they should be built, 
 among other things, he says : 
 
 
 
 " A room for the elders to meet in and confer together, when they 
 have occasion to come to town for any such ends, as I perceive they 
 have many there in the same building, which may also be a room for 
 an armoury, to keep the arms of the Artillery Company, and for the 
 soldiers to meet in when they have occasion." 
 
 Capt. Keayne then makes a donation of 300, to 
 build an exchange, and again notices the Company 
 thus : 
 
 "Apd if a convenient large room in one of the buildings before 
 mentioned, be separated and set apart for an armoury, and the meet- 
 ings of the Artillery, if there it be thought convenient, or if some 
 other place be provided for that use more convenient, with the offi- 
 cers of that Company's advice, I am not strict for the very place, so
 
 27 
 
 they have content in it ; though yet I think the very heart and 
 secured part of the town, and no out or by-place, is the most fit for 
 a magazine for arms, because of the danger of surprising them. 
 The place they now use will fit to scour and clean the arms in, and 
 also to lay them up and keep them in, which will be a comely sight 
 for strangers to see, and a great ornament to the room, and also to 
 the town, where the soldiers may arm themselves when they go to 
 exercise. Such a place being provided, I give and bequeath five 
 pounds for the encouragement of that Company, to be laid out in 
 pikes and bandaliers* for use of such soldiers of that Company that 
 live in other towns, so far as it cannot be convenient for them to 
 bring their arms with them ; or, if the officers of that Company do 
 know any other thing that the Company wants, that will be more 
 useful for the general good of the Company, than what I have men- 
 tioned, that will continue, and not be spent or consumed in the use, 
 then I am willing that the whole or any part of this legacy may be 
 so disposed of, taking in the advice and consent of my executors in 
 the same." 
 
 Page 132. " Item. I give and bequeath further to the Artillery 
 Company of Boston, five pounds more towards the erecting of a 
 platform, planked underneath, for two mounted pieces of ordnance 
 to stand upon, a greater and a smaller, with a shed of boards raised 
 over it, to keep them dry, and preserve them from the sun and 
 weather, and this to be raised in the most convenient place in the 
 training place in Boston, where it shall be most fit for that use ; and 
 where, at convenient distance, against some hill or rising ground, 
 there may be a good butt, or kind of bulwark raised of earth, that 
 may receive the shot of great guns, and may be free from endanger- 
 ing any that may unexpectedly pass by or behind the butt, in case 
 they should overshoot ; which butt may be cast up or digged at the 
 bottom of a hill, without any charge, by the Company themselves, in 
 two or three of their training days; and my end in this is, that the 
 Company may be trained up, or so many of them as desire it, 
 in the use, exercise and experience of the great ordnance, as they 
 are in their muskets ; that they may learn how to exercise, load, 
 mount, level, and fire at a mark, &c., which is as needful a skill for 
 a soldier, as the exercise of their ordinary arms. I suppose the 
 country will willingly lend the Company two such pieces for so good 
 
 * " Bandalicrs, (bandolleers from bandouliers, French,) are wooden cases, 
 covered with leather, each of them containing a charge of powder for a musket, of 
 which every musketeer usually wore twelve, hanging on, a shoulder-belt or 
 collar."
 
 28 
 
 a use as this is, if the town itself have none such to spare, and will 
 give them a barrel of powder or two to encourage them to begin a 
 service that will be so singularly useful to their country. Their bul- 
 lets will be, most of them, found and saved again, if the hill or butt 
 against which they shoot be not so low and narrow that they over- 
 mount and shoot aside at random. Now, as many of that Company 
 are officers, which desire to learn that art of gunnery, so needful for 
 every Captain and officer of a Company to be experienced in, they 
 may enter their names to be scholars of the Great Artillery, and to 
 agree that every one that enters his name may give so much for entry, 
 and so much a year afterwards, as you do at the Artillery, which 
 money will serve to lay in provision of powder, shot, spunges, budge- 
 barrels,* common baskets, and some allowance to the master gun- 
 ner, that shall take pains to instruct them, if there cannot be some 
 skilful and sufficient man found, that will think the honor of the 
 place to instruct such a society in so noble a service recompense 
 sufficient, that they have an opportunity not only to exercise their 
 own skill, but to do good to their country and to willing scholars, 
 that so thirst after experience, as the Captain and rest of the officers 
 of the Small Artillery do freely expend their time to instruct others 
 in the best skill themselves have attained, and look at it as reward 
 enough, that their pains is accepted and the Company edified by it. 
 Besides, there being many shipwrights and gunners that resort to 
 this country, who have good skill in this art, and the Company I 
 doubt not upon their request might have their help, services and 
 direction herein, and he that is chosen to this place may have the 
 title of the Captain of the Great Artillery, or Master Gunner, and 
 there may be a time appointed, once in a week or fortnight, for the 
 scholars to meet and spend two or three hours, either forenoon or 
 afternoon, for their instruction in it. Now, all that meet cannot 
 expect to make every one a shot, for that would prove too great a 
 charge and expense of powder, but every one must take their turn, 
 and two or three at a meeting to make one shot apiece, or but one 
 man two shots at one time, and the rest may obtain as much by the 
 manner of their performing it, as if they had done it themselves. 
 
 " And for further encouragement to help on this exercise, besides 
 the five pounds given before towards the platform, and the other fiv e 
 
 * " Budge-barrel, (from bouge, French a bag and barrel,) a tin barrel, to hold 
 gunpowder, containing about oue hundred and thirty pounds, having a case of 
 leather made fast over the head, to prevent the powder from taking fire ; used on 
 board ships."
 
 29 
 
 pounds for pikes, &c., I give and bequeath two heifers or coics* to 
 the Captain and officers of the First Artillery Company, to be kept 
 as a stock constantly, and the increase or profit of these cows yearly 
 to be laid out in powder, bullets, &LC. for the use of the exercise of 
 the Great Artillery; only the stock at no time, or the value of it, not 
 to be diminished, and then to be delivered to the Captain that shall 
 then have the command of that Company, or whom himself and offi- 
 cers shall appoint, when the platform and butt is finished, and two 
 pieces mounted thereon, with all materials thereto belonging, fit to 
 exercise with, when a Master or Captain of the great ordnance is 
 chosen, a convenient company of soldiers entered for scholars, as 
 between ten and twenty, and all things settled in a good posture for 
 the beginning and continuance of that exercise. But if the Artillery 
 Company shall neglect to accomplish this before expressed, above 
 two years after my decease, then these three legacies, viz, first, the 
 five pounds, and the two cows, to be void, and to be to the use of my 
 executors ; but if the things before mentioned be accomplished, and 
 this new Company do go on, as I desire it may, then my will is, that 
 the Captain, with the consent of the Company, may appoint some 
 able man, either of the Company or otherways, that shall give bond 
 to my executors or administrators for these two cows, or the value of 
 them at the time of delivery, that the stock shall be preserved, and 
 the increase or benefit of them only to be disposed of for the use of 
 this new Company. And if this Company should break off and not 
 continue their exercise, then the two cows to be returned to my ex- 
 ecutors, or some of my administrators, for his use, or the just 
 value that they are worth at the time of their first delivery. Now, 
 any man that shall have the cows to keep will be willing to give such 
 bond, if the Company order it so. In case that exercise should fall 
 to the ground, for the two first five pounds I desire no bond, nor any 
 return of it, though the Company should not continue any longer. 
 
 " I would make it my dying request to our First Artillery Com- 
 pany ,t if there should be such a Company in being when it shall 
 please God to take me out of this miserable world, many knows 
 
 * Winlhrop states, in his Journal, a cow to be worth from 25 to 30, in the 
 year 1636; most probably they had fallen in value more than one half. 
 
 tThe appellation of Great Artillery, or the First Artillery Company, wa 
 probably used by Capt. Keayne by way of distinction, and refer to grants, or the 
 contemplation of them, which were made by the General Court, several years 
 after the charter of the Ancient and Honorable, with somewhat similar privileges, 
 to Essex, Middlesex, &c. ; but there is no account of any Company being regularly; 
 organized under them.
 
 30 
 
 what my earnest endeavors and desires hath been to promote and 
 encourage what I could, for out of this small Company the Lord hath 
 raised up many a well experienced soldier, that hath done good ser- 
 vice, and have been of good esteem, both here and in our native 
 country, and therefore my grief is the more to fear their sometime 
 flourishing and highly prized Company, that when the country 
 grows more populous, this Company should grow more thin, and 
 ready to dissolve for want of appearance ; but some are wary, and 
 think they have got experience enough, so they begin to neglect ; 
 but my request is, that the entries, quarterages, and fines for late and 
 non-appearance, which last hath been too long neglected, and will 
 not be well with the Company till it be taken up again, especially 
 seeing the greatest part of the Company consist now of men in our 
 own town, and we never had better nor more constant appearance 
 than when fines were duly taken ; may be preserved and kept in stock 
 to lay out in powder, arms, bandaliers, for the use of the Company, 
 and in canvas to make resemblances of trenches, half moons, re- 
 doubts, forts, &c., common baskets, and such like necessary imple- 
 ments for some special military service that might be performed once 
 or twice a year, which would be a singular help to the ordinary ex- 
 ercise, and would add much, not only to the encouragement, but to 
 the experience both of officers and soldiers, in some military exer- 
 cises, which without such helps cannot be taught nor performed. 
 And these means would be far better employed, and to greater satis- 
 faction and content of the Company, in such things, than to be wast- 
 ed and spent in eating and drinking, and needless invitations, as it 
 hath been for a long time, both to my own, and to the grief and of- 
 fence of several of the Company, which hath occasioned some to leave 
 the Company, and others to be unwilling to pay their quarterages. 
 Seeing the whole stock is still consumed, and the Company rather 
 idle than othervvays, which hath been a chief thing to hinder many 
 other profitable exercises, for want of means to bear the charge of 
 them, and will in time be the overthrow and dissolution of the Com- 
 pany, if it be not prevented, which hath made the Artillery Company 
 in London so to flourish for so long a time together; but the stock 
 of the Company well managed, whereby they have done great things, 
 end have been able to perform many exercises (though changeable) 
 both for the delight of all the beholders, and the great benefit and 
 experience of the soldiery, and to the increase of their number. 
 And indeed I had in my purpose several other legacies to have be- 
 stowed on this Company for their encouragement, and example of 
 others, and have them in readiness and of some consequence, but 
 the small appearance of the Company and the declining of it daily,
 
 31 
 
 which cannot be but a great discouragement to the Captain and 
 officers that command them, as also to the soldiers that do appear, 
 and causes a kind of complaint instead of esteem in them that be- 
 hold them, make me fear the final dissolution of it, and so all gifts 
 will sink with it and come to nothing, hath been the cause of alter- 
 ing my resolution; though I know a skilful commander, though he 
 have a body of men but four files, six deep, which is but twenty-four 
 soldiers, that I would add further, if he had but half so many, but 
 two files, six or eight deep, with them he may perform such variety 
 of exercises, not only for the postures, but the several motions, 
 doublings, facings, common marches, wheelings, yea, such variety 
 of forms of battles, and several kinds of firings and charges, as 
 should not only be delightful, but very useful and gainful to those 
 that are exercised ; and not only for two or three training days, but 
 have matter enough to exercise them for several years, which I 
 should hardly have believed, did I not know it to be true, and have 
 seen it with my own eyes. Yet, notwithstanding, what comfort or 
 credit can a Captain have to go into the field with six or twelve sol- 
 diers, and under the name of an Artillery or Military Company. It 
 would be my rejoicing if there could be any means thought on or 
 used to increase and encourage this Company, that is and may be so 
 honorable and advantageous to the whole country. That it may re- 
 main and continue still in splendor and esteem, increasing and not 
 declining ; but all things have their changes." 
 
 Capt. Keayne gives, also, other legacies, such as to 
 the town of Boston, to Harvard College, 250 to the 
 poor members of the church where he worshipped, and 
 a legacy for the establishment of a free school, as he 
 says, " to help training up of some poor men's children 
 of Boston, that are most forwardly and hopeful in the 
 knowledge of God and of learning, not only in the 
 Latin tongue, but also to write and cypher." He has 
 never yet had a street, lane or alley, even in the by 
 parts of the town, named for him, notwithstanding his 
 very large and liberal donations ; but there is mention 
 on their records, about two years after, of the " select- 
 men being authorized, by vote of the town, to claim 
 and receive the legacy of Capt. R. Keayne, deceased, for 
 the benefit of the town." Nor did Harvard College re-
 
 32 
 
 member, till recently, his legacy,* among the long list of 
 benefactors. He gave, it seems, to the poor of that church 
 which had persecuted him, and no doubt Mrs. Sherman 
 and her posterity reaped the benefit, with others, of his 
 liberality. This institution and Harvard College have 
 survived two centuries, and are the two oldest incorpo- 
 rations, to say nothing more, in America. The poor we 
 have always with us, according to divine appointment, 
 but Keayne was for looking to the wants of future gen- 
 erations. He did not, in his will, forget his friend Gib- 
 bens and others, and gave his reasons for giving to the 
 poor. He has left a most convincing answer to the 
 cavils of his persecutors, in his generous patronage of 
 what was to be of use when his name and place of 
 burial should be forgotten. He was said to be a cov- 
 etous man, but subsequent generations deserve re- 
 proach, for not even a simple stone marks the silent 
 place of his interment. His liberality in his will, for a 
 free school, was not his only gift therefor. At the end 
 of the first volume of Boston Records, in the margin, 
 12th of the 6th month, (August) 1636, his name is 
 the seventh (after the Governor, Deputy Governor, 
 three assistants, and the husband of the famous Mrs. 
 Hutchinson,) in a subscription of 50 toward that ob- 
 ject. There were forty-five subscribers, nineteen of 
 whom are on the roll of the Company. 
 
 The donation for a free school was probably the 
 foundation, or one of the first instances of encourage- 
 ment, of the present Latin Grammar School in Boston, 
 which has long been, notwithstanding several severe 
 attacks, one of the greatest ornaments of the city ; and 
 while it continues to be fostered and cherished by the 
 wise and good, will afford the brightest hopes and pros- 
 pects of diffusing knowledge and literature. Ought not 
 
 * President Quincy's History of Harvard.
 
 33 
 
 the present generation to venerate such forefathers, who 
 seem to have lived only to be useful to posterity ? 
 
 He did not finish writing this will until the 28th 
 of December, 1653. He died at Boston, March 23d, 
 1655-6. His inventory amounted to 2427 12 1 
 his debts and funeral expenses to 274. The will was 
 approved May 2d, 1656, but his estate was not finally 
 settled until January 29th, 1683, when, both his execu- 
 tors being dead, administration was granted to Colonel 
 Nicholas Paige, and Anna his wife, grand-daugh- 
 ter of the deceased. From this circumstance, and 
 the fact that the General Court, in 1659-60, granted 
 500 acres of land to Ann Cole, grand-daughter of R. 
 Keayne, deceased, " in consequence of his liberal do- 
 nations to the country," I infer he had a daughter who 
 deceased before him, and that she was the wife of Sam- 
 uel Cole, Ar. Co., one of the charter members. She is 
 in other places called " a rich heiress," and " sole heir." 
 
 We must now quit this eminent patron of the institu- 
 tion. Never will it happen, so long as the institution 
 exists, that his memory or worth will be forgotten. Had 
 the Company strictly adhered to his dying counsel, 
 practised the economy he recommended, and exhibited 
 his punctuality, they would have been more flourishing. 
 The legacy of the two cows, estimated at 20, by 
 adding interest, would now amount to a large sum. 
 About the time Keayne wrote his will, the Com- 
 pany began to decline ; for we find, for the first ten 
 years, 278 members are enrolled, and only 47 during 
 the next ten years ; nor did it materially revive or 
 increase until 1670, as only 73 members were ad- 
 mitted from 1658 to 1669, inclusive; but from that 
 period to the arrival of Andross, 1686, it appears to 
 have flourished and increased. As King Charles I. was 
 beheaded January 30th, 1649, and Cromwell's party in 
 power, many of the first planters returned to their native
 
 34 
 
 land, and but few, comparatively, emigrated hither. 
 Several of the Company, as will appear in the sequel, 
 became officers in Cromwell's army. The scarcity of 
 money, and consequent depression of trade and increase 
 of poverty, while it hindered many from embarking in 
 the settlement of the infant colony, drove, also, many 
 hence, which will more naturally account for the Com- 
 pany's declension. 
 
 MAJOR-GENERAL ROBERT SEDGWICK, the second on 
 the roll, and third named in the charter, was a gentle- 
 man of education and distinction. He had been a 
 member of the Artillery Company in London, and one 
 of the first who came to settle in the colony. He was 
 admitted freeman, March 9th, 1636-7. Charlestown, 
 in the County of Middlesex, was the place he selected 
 for his residence, and his exertions to promote the in- 
 terest and welfare of that town, as well as the colony at 
 large, rendered him one of the most conspicuous per- 
 sons of the time. It appearing he was concerned in 
 trade in those days, leads us to suppose he was a mer- 
 chant by profession. He was many years Deputy from 
 Charlestown in the General Court, and a member when 
 the charter was granted. He devoted his talents and 
 property to secure the safety of the town, and super- 
 intended the building of the first fortifications there y 
 paying a considerable portion of the expense out of his 
 own private property. He was the leader of the first 
 train-band formed in the town 1636 and thence, on 
 the first regular organization of the militia of the col- 
 ony, in 1644, appointed the first Sergeant Major of the 
 Middlesex Regiment, and afterwards promoted to the 
 highest military rank in the colony, being elected Ser- 
 geant Major-General 1652 which office he held one 
 year. Johnson says, " he was brought up in London's 
 Artillery Garden, and furthered with sixteen years' ex-
 
 35 
 
 perience in New England, beside the help of a very 
 good head-piece, being a frequent instructer of our Ar- 
 tillerymen," &c. ; and again " the cost he hath been 
 at in helping on the discipline of his regiment hath 
 profited much." 
 
 Sedgwick was a man of enterprising spirit, since we 
 find his name associated with John "Winthrop, junior, 
 in the direction and establishment of the first furnace 
 and iron works in this country, in 1643-4.* The vio- 
 lent capture of a King's ship, by Capt. Stagg, under 
 commission from Parliament, in Boston harbor, caused 
 the General Court, in 1645, among other things, " to 
 secure all ships which should come as friends into our 
 harbor, commission was given to Major Gibbens for 
 Boston, and Major Sedgwick for Charlestown, to keep 
 the peace in the said towns, and not to permit any ships 
 to fight in the harbor, without license from authority," ^ 
 
 Whether those who intended to return to England, 
 and gain employment in Cromwell's service, or the Par- 
 liament's service, "were desirous of recommending 
 themselves by carrying evidence of a relaxation of the 
 rigor of our laws, or at least of their own exertions to 
 obtain it," or that it may be attributed rather to the na- 
 tive liberality of sentiment of more noble minds, a peti- 
 tion, signed by Emanuel Downing, Nehemiah Bourne, 
 Robert Sedgwick, Thomas Fowle, and others, was pre- 
 sented to the General Court, J " for the abrogation, or 
 alteration, of the laws against the Anabaptists, and the 
 law that requires special allowance^ for newcomers re- 
 siding here ;" but it was abruptly " ordered that the 
 laws in their petition mentioned shall not be altered or 
 explained at all." We may hence conclude that Sedg- 
 
 * Lewis' Hist. Lynn, p. 85; Winth. Journal, II. p. 213, and Savage's note. 
 
 t Winth. II. p. 247. 
 
 $ Col. Rec. vol. III. p. 50; Winth. II. p. 265, and note. 
 
 II A person would hardly suppose this meant a tax.
 
 36 
 
 wick was not so much of a bigot as many of the first 
 emigrants. He was, however, admonished for the like 
 "jsailty" for which his friend Capt. Keayne suffered so 
 much persecution in church and state, viz, " taking 
 the money-worth for his goods," or, as thus styled, 
 " taking more than sixpence in the shilling profit ;" but 
 as he was one of those whom Winthrop classes probably 
 among those " not found out," he was let off by an ad- 
 monition only. To be suspected of an offence was 
 tantamount to a conviction in a legal way, in those 
 days, and may have given rise to the mode of bringing 
 actions in Massachusetts, afterwards, " upon suspicion 
 of debt."* 
 
 Gen. Sedgwick went to England, where, it is said, 
 some of his descendants reside, and was employed by 
 Cromwell in 1654. In that year, he, with Leverett, 
 succeeded with little difficulty, in expelling the French 
 from Penobscot. " He was engaged in the great expe- 
 dition against the Spanish West Indies, when Jamaica 
 was taken. There he died, May 24th, 1656, having, 
 as appears from Thurloe's State Papers, V. 138, 154, 
 just been advanced to the rank of Major General by 
 the Protector."! 
 
 He was held in great repute by his cotemporaries,t 
 and was thrice elected to command the Company, viz, 
 1640, 1645, and 1648. His son William was admitted 
 a member, 1666, and his son Robert in 1674. Hon. 
 Theodore Sedgwick, son of Benjamin, a distinguished 
 lawyer, and Judge of the Supreme Judicial Court of 
 Massachusetts, (born at Hartford, Conn., in May 1746, 
 
 * I have seen, in the record of prisoners committed to jail in Boston, even since 
 the Revolution, entries to that effect. 
 
 t Not having this book, nor having been able to see it, or Lord II. Lempriere, 
 612, or Edwards' Hist, of West Indies works quoted by Farmer my information 
 respecting him after he left Boston is very limited. 
 
 $ Gen. Sedgwick was an early donor to Harvard College, giving them two 
 small shops in Boston see Book of Donations.
 
 37 
 
 and died at Boston, Jan. 24th 1813,) was one of his 
 descendants. 
 
 CAPTAIN JOSEPH WELD, Roxbury. This name, in 
 
 the oldest roll, appears Capt. Weld, but in the list 
 
 of annual officers elected is Capt. Joseph Weld. He 
 was the first person elected as Ensign of the Company, 
 1638. He was freeman, 1636, and died October 
 7th, 1646, leaving a widow, Barbary, who after 
 married Anthony Stoddard, of Boston. He was the 
 first Captain of the Roxbury Band, and died while sus- 
 taining that office. He was Deputy from Roxbury in 
 1636, and five years after; so he must have been a 
 Representative when the charter was granted. He 
 lived in Roxbury, was by profession a merchant, and 
 was brother of the famous and bigotted Rev. Thomas 
 Weld, the first minister of Roxbury. 
 
 The wife of La Tour, in 1644, having commenced 
 an action against Capt. Bayley, Captain of the ship, 
 who brought her from London by a six months' voyage 
 to Boston, and recovered 2000 damages; and the 
 Captain having also commenced an action for his 
 freight, in which he was unsuccessful, and Capt. Weld, 
 who was one of the jury who tried the case, being in 
 London, Bayley was persuaded or advised to attach 
 Capt. Weld, together with Stephen Winthrop, the Gov- 
 ernor's son, and Recorder of the Court who tried the 
 case ; and they were forced to find sureties in a bond 
 of 4000, to answer him in the Court of Admiralty. 
 Bayley was eventually obliged to give over this suit ; 
 and then he procured out of Chancery a ne exeat regnos 
 (that they should not depart the realm) against them ; 
 but the cause being heard, they were discharged, he 
 losing his charges and they theirs. Weld, Winthrop, 
 and Thomas Fowle, the owner of the ship, all petitioned 
 the General Court for indemnity, but in vain. Win-
 
 38 
 
 throp gives a more particular account, II. 247-8, anno 
 1643. The inventory of his estate amounted, as return- 
 ed by his widow, to 2028 11 3 no inconsiderable 
 sum in those days. The famous Mrs. Hutchinson, on 
 her banishment, was committed to him, then a Deputy, 
 at his house in Roxbury. 
 
 MAJOR THOMAS SAVAGE, of Boston, tailor, came to 
 New England as early as 1635 ; admitted freeman May 
 25, 1636 being then twenty-nine years old. His name 
 is the fourth on the roll, and probably was the youngest 
 man of the first associates, and survived them all, con- 
 tinuing an active member forty-five years, and until his 
 death. He was the first Orderly Sergeant of the Com- 
 pany, and elected Lieutenant twice, 1641 and 1645 
 and five times elected and served as their Commander, 
 namely, in 1651, 1659, 1668, 1675, and 1680; having 
 sustained the highest offices in the gift of the Company 
 the largest number of years, and filled the office of 
 Captain, the last time, after he was 73 years of age. 
 He represented Boston, as Deputy, in 1654, and eight 
 succeeding years, except 1658; also, was Deputy for 
 Hingham in 1663, and Andover in 1671, '77 and '78. 
 He was Speaker of the House of Deputies in 1659 and 
 1671. He was elected an Assistant, 1680 and 1681, 
 and died February 14th, 1681-2, aged 75, while in that 
 office.* 
 
 By his first wife, Faith, (who died Feb. 20th, 1652,) 
 daughter of William and the celebrated Mrs. Ann 
 Hutchinson, he had seven children 1st, Habijah, Ar. 
 Co. 1665; 2d, Thomas, Ar. Co. 1665; 3d, Hannah; 
 4th, Ephraim, Ar. Co. 1674; 5th, Mary; 6th, Dyoni- 
 sia ; 7th, Perez. By his second wife, Mary, daughter 
 of Rev. Zachary Symmes, of Charlestown, (whom he 
 
 * Major Savage's grave-stone, in the Chapel ground, says "Died February 
 15th, 1681-2."
 
 39 
 
 married Sept. 15th, 1652,) he had, 8th, Sarah; 9th, 
 Richard ; 10th, Samuel ; 1 1th, Samuel 2d ; 12th, Zach- 
 ariah; 13th, Ebenezer, Ar. Co. 1682; Uth, John; 
 15th, Benjamin, Ar. Co. 1682; 16th, Arthur; 17th, 
 Elizabeth; 18th, Elizabeth 2d eighteen in all. Maj. 
 Savage's will is dated June 28th, 1675, and was ap- 
 proved Feb. 23d, 1681-2; and therein John Hull and 
 Isaac Addington are made overseers, and his sons, 
 Thomas, Ephraim and Ebenezer, executors. His in- 
 ventory, April 20th, 1682, amounted to^3447 8 7 
 debts, to 644 8 6 ; and it appears he was a very 
 large landholder. He was one of the founders and 
 members of the Old South Church, 1669. 
 
 " These legal records," says Snow,* " furnish the 
 best of testimony concerning the extent of individual 
 wealth, and the manners of the times. Such things ex- 
 isted in other places as much, perhaps, as in Boston, 
 but a knowledge of them is not on that account less 
 necessary to those who would be familiar with the dis- 
 tinguishing traits of our ancestors." It is not meant 
 that the following is literally a description of Savage's 
 mansion, but is given as extracted from the same au- 
 thor. " We find in the principal houses a great hall, 
 ornamented with pictures and a great lantern, a velvet 
 cushion in the window-seat, which looks into the gar- 
 den. On either side is a great parlor, a little parlor or 
 study. These are furnished with great looking-glasses, 
 Turkey carpets, window-curtains and valance, pictures 
 and a map, a brass clock, red leather-back chairs, and 
 a great pair of brass andirons. The chambers are well 
 supplied with feather beds, warming-pans, and every 
 other article that would now be thought necessary for 
 comfort or display. The pantry is well filled with sub- 
 stantial fare and dainties, prunes, marmalade, and 
 
 * History of Boston, by Doct. C. H. Snow, p. 143 a very valuable work.
 
 40 
 
 Madeira wine. Silver tankards, wine-cups, and other 
 articles of plate, are not uncommon ; the kitchen is 
 completely stocked with pewter, copper and iron uten- 
 sils. Very many families employed servants, and in one 
 we see a Scotch boy, valued among the property, and 
 invoiced at 14." 
 
 Major Savage was one of those who became tinctured 
 with the doctrines of his first wife's mother ; and there- 
 fore was included among others of her adherents, 
 who were disarmed by order of Court, and delivered 
 their arms to Capt. Keayne ; but he, with some others, 
 probably are included in the recantation, in 1637, for 
 he was a military officer and the fourth on the roll of 
 members associated 1637, and consequently a charter 
 member, though not specially named ; and Court nor 
 Council would have given a charter to an association 
 containing any who had signed the obnoxious petition, 
 unless they had recanted. John Oliver, Samuel Cole, 
 John Underbill, Robert Harding, and probably William 
 Park and John Audlin, were in similar circumstances. 
 Winthrop says: "At this Court, (1637) divers of our 
 chief military officers, who had declared themselves 
 favorers of the famalistical persons and opinions, were 
 sent for, and being told that the Court, having some 
 jealousy of them for the same, and therefore did desire 
 some good satisfaction from them, they did ingenuously 
 acknowledge how they had been deceived and misled 
 by the pretence, which was held forth, of advancing 
 Christ, and debasing the creature, &c., which, since 
 they had found to be otherwise, and that their opinions 
 and practice tended to disturbance and delusions ; and 
 so blessed God, that had so timely discovered their error 
 and danger to them." 
 
 Major Savage is first noticed on the list of officers of 
 the Company by the title of Sergeant, then by Ensign ; 
 from thence we conclude he was made Ensign of the
 
 41 - 
 
 Boston Band, when Gibbens was Captain. At the 
 organization of the militia, 1644, no other officer is 
 named of that Band, but a Lieutenant, apparently 
 Savag, without a Christian name ; but he was styled 
 in our list a Lieutenant before, and soon after he ap- 
 pears as Captain of the Boston Band. He was pro- 
 moted Sergeant-major, when he was made com- 
 mander of the expedition against King Philip. He was 
 also one of the subscribers towards the founding of 
 the free school in Boston, and served in many offices 
 for the benefit of his adopted town. 
 
 This early associate, but survivor of Keayne and his 
 compatriots, lived to see the Company, he had assisted 
 in founding, increase and flourish beyond his most san- 
 guine expectations. Tfie reputation it had acquired 
 must, in the decline of life, have been to this distin- 
 guished member a source of pleasure ; for it is a re- 
 markable fact, not only transmitted to us, his successors, 
 but felt and observed by all at this day, that the longer 
 any person remains attached to the corps as a member, 
 the more his love and- affections are placed upon it : 
 and the sportive pride of youth creates in old age the 
 strongest desire to transmit to posterity this venerable 
 institution of our ancestors. Five of Maj. Savage's 
 sons were members, and their posterity have many of 
 them not only followed the military example of their 
 ancestor, but succeeded to his military honors. The 
 same badge of commander, " a leading staff" or " pike," 
 which was five times graced by the hand of Maj. Sav- 
 age, has been transferred by the Chief Magistrate of the 
 Colony or Province to a son once, a grandson once, 
 another grandson three times, and a great grandson 
 once, in addition to the "half pike" he twice bore as 
 Lieutenant, which each successively bore before he 
 arrived at the command. Although the standard was 
 not entrusted to his care as an Ensign, yet many of his 
 
 6
 
 42 
 
 descendants had the charge of it. The grandfather of 
 the present generation honored our roll by his name, 
 but the military ardor which once shown conspicuous in 
 the family, is now apparently lost in the literary distinc- 
 tion of the descendants. 
 
 In 1653 Maj. Savage attached the Iron Works at Lynn, 
 for the amount owed to him and Henry Webb. Savage 
 obtained for himself 894 2, and Webb 1351 6 9. 
 We hence conclude he became a merchant by profes- 
 sion, and that this put a period to that establishment. 
 
 Maj. Savage was Commander in Chief of the Mas- 
 sachusetts forces, in the beginning of King Philip's 
 war. 
 
 LIEUT. DANIEL HAUGH, so* spelt on the oldest roll 
 and list of officers ; but undoubtedly means Lieut. 
 Daniel Howe, of Lynn, that part now called Saugus. 
 He was admitted freeman, 1634, and was Representa- 
 tive from Lynn, 1636 and 1637, and consequently a 
 Deputy when the charter was granted, and stands fifth 
 on the roll. He was elected the first to the office of 
 Lieutenant of the Company, 1638. In the addenda of 
 Savage's edition of Winthrop, I find his commission as 
 Lieutenant of the Lynn train band, which, as a sample 
 of the commissions issued in those days, is here given : 
 " 1636, 16th 4th mo. To Lieutenant Howe, of Sagus, 
 and to the military officers and company there : Whereas 
 we have formerly given you command of the trained 
 band in Sagus, we do hereby require you to see them 
 duly exercised according to the orders of court, and 
 we do also require you, the military company there, that 
 you diligently attend with your complete arms, at such 
 times and places as your said Lieutenant shall appoint, 
 and that all you, the officers and soldiers of the said 
 company, be obedient to all such commands as by au- 
 thority of this place or order from us you shall receive
 
 43 
 
 from him, so as you may be well trained and fitted for 
 such future service as you may be called unto ; hereof 
 not to fail. " HENRY VANE, Governor, 
 
 " Jo. WINTHROP, Deputy." 
 
 Lieutenant Howe attained to the title of Captain, 
 probably as master of a vessel. Our ancestors were pe- 
 culiarly accustomed to give every man his highest mili- 
 tary or civil title, a custom not altogether abrogated in 
 the country towns at this time, and it is no where men- 
 tioned as applied to him. He was probably by profes- 
 sion an husbandman, as most of the early settlers of 
 Lynn were. 
 
 " He," says Lewis, " was master of a vessel, and re- 
 moved to New Haven." A portion of the people of 
 Lynn had an idea of removing to Long Island, and un- 
 der Capt. Howe sailed, in 1640, and effected a lodg- 
 ment at Scout's Bay, in the western part of the island, 
 but the Dutch laid claim to it, and sent men to take 
 possession, who sat up the arms of the Prince of Orange 
 on a tree. Capt. Howe removed their arms, and an 
 Indian drew instead thereof an "unhandsome face." 
 This conduct highly incensed the Dutch Governor, Wil- 
 liam Keift, whom Mr. Irving, in his humorous History 
 of New York, denominates William the Testy. The 
 Dutch, he says, were sorely vexed by the enormous 
 plantations of unions, which the Yankees planted for 
 Artillery, so close their domicils. 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS HUCKEN. The sixth on the roll, 
 and consequently a member when the charter was 
 granted, was Ensign of the Company, 1639. That in- 
 defatigable antiquarian, Doct. Farmer, nor myself, can 
 find any information respecting him. He spells his 
 name Huckin, but it is Hucken on the roll and list of 
 officers. Barnes, who transcribed the roll first, and 
 corrected it in 1680 or 81, might have mistaken the
 
 44 
 
 name. Probably he died early after the Company was 
 organized, and Barnes might have inserted his name, 
 upon the recollection of Maj. Savage or some old mem- 
 ber living at the time. I find in II utchinson, the first 
 pages of his history, in' describing the election of offi- 
 cers in England, by the charter, 13th May, 1628, 
 towards the last, the name of Thomas Hutchins, as one 
 of the Assistants elected. He might have emigrated, 
 and soon returned as some did, and being a member of 
 the corporation in England, would therefore not neces- 
 sarily appear among those made freemen in New Eng- 
 land. As no very obscure persons were elected to 
 office in the early period of the Company, I am inclined 
 to think it should be Hutchins, as above ; though no 
 mention of him is made elsewhere. 
 
 COL. JOHN OLIVER, Boston, freeman, 1634, was the 
 seventh on the roll, and a charter member. It is sup- 
 posed he was brother of Elder Thomas Oliver, and that 
 his title was derived in England. He was Deputy from 
 Boston, at October General Court, 1637 also March 
 Court, 1637-8, and in May Court, 1638 was a col- 
 league of Keayne as Deputy, therefore was a Repre- 
 sentative when the charter was granted. He never 
 sustained any office in the Company, but probably had 
 been of the Artillery Company in London. He removed 
 to Newbury, and died there in 1642, probably aged, 
 for his children and widow are noticed. There is a will 
 of a John Oliver. Suf. Rec. 1641.* His widow, Jo- 
 
 * He was elected Representative, in the room of William Aspinwall, Oct. 6th, 
 1637, who had been turned out ; but the same Court " dismissed him from being a 
 Deputy, for justifying the seditious libel, called a remonstrance or libel." The 
 town did not se,nd others in their stead, but the next Court he was elected again. 
 He was one of the persons disarmed by the order of Court, as before stated, and 
 must have been one of those who made their recantation ; for he was not excluded 
 the next Court, and otherwise wonld not have been included among the charter 
 members.
 
 45 
 
 anna, married William Gerrish, of Newbury, April 17th, 
 1644, and had eleven children by him. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSEPH HEWES, the eighth on the roll, a char- 
 ter member, was probably of Lynn. 
 
 SAMUEL COLE, ninth on the roll, and a charter mem- 
 ber, desired to be made freeman, October, 1630, the 
 same year he emigrated. He is probably the person 
 called Poole by Prince, and Coole by Savage, and has 
 the prefix of distinction in that list. He was probably 
 the father of Ann Cole, the granddaughter and sole 
 heiress of Kcayne, before mentioned. He set up the 
 first house of entertainment, or inn, in Boston, March, 
 1633-4. His house where he lived was on the west 
 side of Merchants' Row, midway from State Street to 
 Faneuil Hall, and there he kept this tavern, which will 
 be remembered as the first in the town, probably in 
 America, and in which Lord Ley said " he could be as 
 private there as he could have been at the Governor's 
 own house." He probably came over with Winthrop. 
 He is recorded- as No. 42, and his wife, Ann, No. 43, as 
 members of the first Church. She died soon after their 
 arrival. Snow, in his history of Boston, says he is the 
 one in the name of Richard, who figures so demurely 
 by the side of his wife, in the Peep at the Pilgrims. 
 His will is dated Dec. 21st, 1666, and was approved 
 the February after. Cole was one of those disarmed by 
 order of court, and must have been one of those who 
 recanted.* He was frequently one of the Selectmen of 
 Boston. 
 
 *Cole is the first member who appears without a military title prefixed. As he 
 has in the list of freemen the prefix of respect, (Mr.) and that being sparingly ap- 
 plied by the first emigrants, we may infer he was highly respectable. He may 
 have sustained some commission in England, but of that we can only conjecture. 
 The largest number by far, until recently, have been private citizens, who never 
 held any military commission ; and in my researches it is evident, that at all pe- 
 riods of the history of the Company many are found who joined while private citi-
 
 46 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ISRAEL STOUGHTON, tenth on the roll, 
 and a charter member, was admitted freemen, 1633,* 
 and was Representative from Dorchester (where he 
 lived) from 1634 to 1636 inclusive, and elected an As- 
 sistant, 1637, and continued in that office until his re- 
 turn to England, in 1644. He was therefore an Assist- 
 ant when the charter was granted, and was elected 
 commander in 1642. He was leader or Captain of the 
 first train band in Dorchester, 1636, and had Nathaniel 
 Duncan for his Lieutenant. His name has been given 
 heretofore as Ezekiel, because on the first list of offi- 
 cers and roll it was blank, and on a subsequent roll, 
 together with a printed list of the Captains of the Com- 
 pany published in an old Almanack previous to the 
 revolution, 1 found the name Ezekiel. I am convinced 
 of the error, and have corrected it. He was chosen 
 Assistant seven years in? succession, and left out on ac- 
 eount of his absence in England, " about his private 
 occasions ;" but we soon find him appointed a Lieu- 
 tenant Colonel in Rainsburrow's regiment, in the Par- 
 liament's service, in time of the civil wars. He died at 
 Lincoln, in England, 1645. His will, dated in London, 
 July 17th, 1644, was approved in Boston, 1646, by 
 which he gave 300 acres of land to Harvard College, 
 He was commander of an expedition, in 1637, against 
 the Pequod Indians, which resulted in a sanguinary con- 
 flict, and many prisoners were taken, and some of them, 
 
 zens, and afterwards became officers, thus gaining the appellation of JVursery, or 
 School for Officers. A mistaken opinion has been adopted by some, that none 
 but officers, or such as had been, should be admitted. The practice originally and 
 in an unbroken succession of years, settles the right and expediency conclusively. 
 
 * Fanner says, he was among the leading and influential men in the early period 
 of the Colony. He gave great offence to the Court, in 1634, by the publication of 
 a book wherein he affirmed the power of the Governor to be but ministerial, and! 
 otherwise opposed and slighted the power of the Magistrates. He was called to. 
 account for the offence, and although he had the modesty to confess his fault, and 
 desired that thfc book might be burnt, he was disabled for three years from bearing 
 any public office.
 
 47 
 
 Winthrop says fourteen boys, were sold afterwards as 
 slaves, in Providence Isle. It is no wonder such bigoted 
 zealots in religion should act sometimes like barbarians. 
 Stoughton, however, did not arrive until after this san- 
 guinary battle had been fought and won, by Capt. 
 Underbill. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN UNDERBILL, the eleventh on the roll, 
 came to New England in 1630, was admitted freeman, 
 May 18th, 1631, and member of the first Church in 
 Boston, where he resided, No. 57. He was one of the 
 Deputies from Boston, at the first General Court, 
 wherein Representatives from the several towns attend- 
 ed, 1634. In 1636 he was Captain of the train band 
 in Boston, being the first person who commanded the 
 Boston militia, and, in the first settlement of the Colony, 
 was of high repute and very serviceable, but a singular 
 character. It is said he was eccentric in many things, 
 and, in whatever he did, ran to excess. In religion he 
 was an enthusiast, in practic^ a debauchee. He was 
 one of the persons disarmed, but undoubtedly is alluded 
 to by Winthrop, as one who recanted, and thus was 
 permitted to become a charter member. He never sus- 
 tained any office in the Company, probably because he 
 was principally engaged in the different wars against 
 the Indians, and commanded several expeditions against 
 them, or, more probably, by reason of his religious 
 troubles, which follow. 
 
 " Among* the antinomians who were banished from Boston, and 
 took refuge in these plantations,t was Capt. John Underbill, in 
 whose story will appear some very strong characteristics of the spirit 
 of the times. He had been a soldier in the Netherlands, and was 
 brought over to New England by Governor Winthrop, to train the 
 
 * Extracted from Farmer's edition of Belknap, p. 23 most of which is, almost 
 verbatim, Winthrop's account of the man and matter, 
 t Dover, N. H.
 
 48 
 
 people in military discipline. He served the country in the Pequod 
 war, and was in such reputation in Boston, that they had chosen him 
 one of their Deputies. Deeply tinctured with antinomian principles, 
 and possessed of an high degree of enthusiasm, he made a capital 
 figure in the controversy ; being one of the subscribers to a petition 
 in which the Court was censured, with an indecent severity, for their 
 proceedings against Wheelwright. For this offence he was disfran- 
 chised. He then made a voyage to England ; and upon his return 
 petitioned the Court for three hundred acres of land, which had 
 been promised him for his former services, intending to remove after 
 Wheelwright. In his petition he acknowledged his offence in con- 
 demninor the Court, and declared ' that the Lord had brought him 
 
 O ' O 
 
 to a sense of his sin in that respect, so that he had been in great 
 trouble on account thereof.' On this occasion, the Court thought 
 proper to question him concerning an offensive expression, which he 
 uttered on board the ship in which he came from England, ' that the 
 government at Boston were as zealous as the Scribes and Pharisees,, 
 and as Paul, before his conversion.' He denied the charge, and it 
 was proved to his face by a woman who was passenger with him, and" 
 whom he had endeavored to seduce to his opinions. He was also 
 questioned for what he had said to her concerning the manner of 
 his receiving assurance, which was, ' that having long lain under a 
 spirit of bondage, he could get no assurance, till at length, as he 
 was taking a pipe of tobacco, Ike spirit set home upon him an abso- 
 lute promise of free grace, with such assurance and joy, that he never 
 since doubted of his good estate, neither should he, whatever sins he 
 might fall into.' This he would neither own nor deny ; but objected 
 to the sufficiency of a single testimony. The Court committed him 
 for abusing them with a pretended retraction, and the next day passed 
 the sentence of banishment upon him. Being allowed the liberty 
 of attending public worship,* his enthusiastic zeal broke out in a 
 speech, in which he endeavored to prove ' that the Lord was pleased 
 
 * The prison was early established in the rear of where the old Court-house 
 now stands; hence, the street was then called Prison-lane, then Queen-street, and 
 now Court street. The first, and then only, church, was where Joy's buildings 
 now stand, and was within the square upon which the limits of the prison- 
 yard extended. King's Chapel, afterwards erected, was also within the 
 square. Prisoners having the liberty of the yard, were thus enabled to attend 
 worship on Sundays. One of the most effectual arguments for extension of 
 the limits was, that, as other denominations might be committed, they ought, in 
 conscience, to be allowed to worship in more orthodox churches. Prisoners under 
 sentence of death were also forced to attend meeting; but that practice has been 
 silently done away.
 
 49 
 
 to convert Saul while he was persecuting, so he might manifest him- 
 self to him while making a moderate use of the good creature to- 
 bacco ; professing withal, that he knew not wherein he had deserved 
 the censure of the Court.' The elders reproved him for this incon- 
 siderate speech ; Rev. Mr. Cotton told him ' that though God often 
 laid a man under a spirit of bondage while walking in sin, as was 
 the case with Paul, yet he never sent a spirit of comfort but in an 
 ordinance, as he did to Paul by the ministry of Annanias; and 
 therefore exhorted him to examine carefully the revelation and joy 
 to which he pretended. 
 
 " The next Lord's day, the same Capt. Underbill, having been 
 privately dealt with, upon suspicion of incontinency with a neigh- 
 bor's wife, and not barkening to it, was publicly questioned, and put 
 under admonition. The matter was, for that the woman being 
 young, and beautiful, and withal of a jovial spirit and behavior, he 
 did frequent her house, and was divers times found there alone with 
 her, the door being locked on the inside. He confessed it was ill, 
 because it had an appearance of evil ; but his excuse was, that the 
 woman was in great trouble of mind, and sore temptations, and that 
 he resorted to her to comfort her; and that when the door was 
 found locked, they were in private prayer together. But this 
 practice was clearly condemned also by the elders ; affirming that 
 it had not been of good report for many of them to have done the 
 like, and they ought in such case to- have called in some brother 
 or sister, and not to have locked the door, &c. They also declared 
 that once he procured them to go visit her, telling them that she was 
 in great trouble of mind ; but when they came to her (by surprise,) 
 they perceived no such thing. 
 
 " These proceedings, civil and ecclesiastical, being finished, he re- 
 moved out of their jurisdiction, and after a while came to Dover, 
 where he procured the place of Governor, in the room of Burdet. 
 <jrov. Winthrop hearing of this, wrote to Hilton and others of this 
 plantation, informing them of his character. Underbill intercepted 
 the letter, and returned a bitter answer to Mr. Cotton, and another 
 letter, full of reproaches against the Governor, to a gentleman of his 
 family, whilst he addressed the Governor himself in a fawning, obse- 
 quious strain, begging an obliteration of former miscarriages, and a 
 bearing with human infirmities. These letters were all sent back to 
 Hilton, but too late to prevent his advancement. 
 
 " Being settled in his government, he procured a church to be 
 gathered at Dover, who chose Hanserd Knollys for their minister. 
 He had come over from England the year before, but being an Ana- 
 baptist of the antinomian cast, was not well received in Massachu- 
 
 7
 
 50 
 
 setts, and came here while Burdet was in office, who forbade his 
 preaching; but Underbill, agreeing better with him, prevailed to 
 have him chosen their minister. To ingratiate himself with his new 
 patron, Knollys wrote in his favor to the church in Boston, styling 
 him ' the right worshipful, their honored Governor.' Notwithstand- 
 ing which, they cited him to appear before them ; the Court grant- 
 ing him safe conduct. At the same time, complaint was made to 
 the chief inhabitants on the river, of the breach of friendship in ad- 
 vancing Underbill after his rejection ; and a copy of Knollys' letter 
 was returned, wherein he had written ' that Underbill was an instru- 
 ment of God for their ruin,' and it was inquired whether that letter 
 was written by the desire or consent of the people. The principal 
 persons of Portsmouth and Dover disclaimed his miscarriages, and 
 expressed their readiness to call him to account when a proper in- 
 formation should be presented ; but begged that no force might be 
 sent against him." 
 
 " Knollys having come to Boston, at a public lecture day, before 
 the Governor, magistrates, ministers, and congregation, made con- 
 fession of his fault, and wrote a retraction. Underbill was so affect- 
 ed with his friend's humiliation, and the disaffection of the people of 
 Piscataqua to him, that he resolved to retrieve his character in the 
 same way. Having obtained safe conduct, he went to Boston, and 
 in the same public manner acknowledged his adultery, his disrespect 
 to the government, and the justice of their proceedings against him. 
 But his confession was mixed with so many excuses and extenuations, 
 that it gave no satisfaction ; and the evidence of his scandalous de- 
 portment being now undeniable, the church passed the sentence of 
 excommunication, to which he seemed to submit, and appeared much 
 dejected whilst he remained there." 
 
 " Upon his return, to please some disaffected persons at the mouth 
 of the river, he sent thirteen armed men to Exeter, to rescue out of 
 the officer's hands one Fish, who had been taken into custody for 
 speaking against the King. The people of Dover forbade his coming 
 into their Court till they had considered his crimes, and he promised 
 to resign his place, if they should disapprove of his conduct ; but, 
 hearing that they were determined to remove him, he rushed into 
 Court in a passion, took his seat, ordered one of the magistrates to 
 prison, for saying that he would not sit with an adulterer, and re- 
 fused to receive his dismission, when they voted it. But they pro- 
 ceeded to choose another Governor, Roberts, and sent back the 
 prisoner to Exeter." 
 
 " One Larkham entered into a controversy with Knollys, and be- 
 came his successor at Dover. The better sort of people adhered to
 
 51 
 
 Knollys, and being displeased, restored Knollys, who excommunicat- 
 ed Larkham. This bred a riot, in which Larkham laid hands on 
 Knollys, taking away his hat on pretence he had not paid for it; but 
 he was civil enough afterward to return it. Some of the magistrates 
 joined with Larkham, and, forming a Court, summoned Underbill, 
 who was of Knollys party, to appear before them, and answer to a 
 new crime, which they had to allege against him. Underbill col- 
 lected his adherents ; Knollys was armed with a pistol, and another 
 had a Bible mounted on a halbert for an ensign. In this ridiculous 
 parade, they marched against Larkham and his party. After the in- 
 terposition of Williams, Governor of Portsmouth and the Massachu- 
 setts, who sent Simon Bradstreet, the famous Hugh Peters, and 
 Timothy Dalton of Hampton, to inquire into the matter, and effect a 
 reconciliation, or certify the state of things to them ; they travelled 
 on foot to Dover, and finding both sides in fault, brought the matter 
 to this issue, that the one party revoked the excommunication, and 
 the other the fines and banishment." 
 
 " Underbill having finished his career in these parts, obtained 
 leave to return to Boston, and finding honesty to be the best policy, 
 did, in a large assembly, at the public lecture, and during the sitting 
 of the Court, make a full confession. The Court, being now satis- 
 fied, restored him to their communion. The Court, after waiting 
 six months for evidence of his good behavior, took off his sentence 
 of banishment, and released him from the punishment of his adul- 
 tery ; the law which made it capital having been enacted after the 
 crime was committed, could not touch his life." 
 
 " Some offers being made him by the Dutch, at Hudson's river, 
 whose language was familiar to him, the church of Boston hired a 
 vessel to transport him and his family thither, furnishing them with 
 necessaries for the voyage. The Dutch Governor gave him the 
 command of a company of an hundred and twenty men, and he was 
 very serviceable in the wars which that colony had with the Indians, 
 having, it is said, killed 150 on Long Island, and 300 on the main. 
 He continued in their service until his death." 
 
 " We find in this relation a striking instance of that false religion, 
 which, having its seat in the imagination, instead of making the 
 heart better, and reforming the life, inflames the passions, stupifies 
 reason, and produces the wildest effects in behavior. But it is not 
 so surprising that men should be thus misled, as that such frantic 
 zealots should ever be reduced to an acknowledgment of their of- 
 fences ; which, in this instance, may be ascribed to the strict disci- 
 pline then practised in the churches of New England."
 
 52 
 
 In a note, Wood says: "He, Underbill, settled at 
 Stamford, in Connecticut, and was a delegate from that 
 town to the Court of New Haven in 1643, and was ap- 
 pointed an Assistant Justice there. In the war be- 
 tween the Dutch and Indians, from 1643 to 1646, he 
 had a principal command. After this war, which was 
 terminated by a great battle at Strickland Plain, and in 
 which the Dutch with difficulty obtained the victory, he 
 settled at Flushing, on Long Island. He had some 
 agency in detecting and exposing the intrigues of the 
 Dutch Treasurer, in 1653. In 1665, he was a delegate 
 from the town of Oyster Bay to the Assembly, holden 
 at Hempstead, by Governor Nicholls, and was appoint- 
 ed by him Under-Sheriff of the North Riding of York- 
 shire, or Queen's County. In 1667, the Matinenoc In- 
 dians gave him 150 acres of land, which has remained 
 in the family ever since, and is now in the possession of 
 one of his descendants that bears his name. It is sup- 
 posed that Capt. Underbill died at Oyster Bay, in the 
 year 1672.* The descendants of Capt. Underbill are 
 numerous, and very respectable. The most of his pos- 
 terity have changed the warlike habiliments of their 
 ancestors for the Quaker habit.' 7 
 
 His posterity may also be in New Hampshire, where 
 the name exists. He is mentioned by Prince, as early 
 as Sept. 28, 1630, "for military purposes." When he 
 made his confession of his sins, he was made " to sit on 
 the stool of repentance in church, with a white cap on 
 his head." As he dated his conversion from a time he 
 was smoking tobacco, jt was hence thought not to be 
 sincere ; it was thought necessary it should be under 
 " the preaching of the word."f It was Underbill who, 
 with the valiant Capt. Mason, made their attack upon 
 
 * See- Wood's Sketch of Long Island. 
 
 t As he used " the good creature," tobacco, I presume he was a great smoker. 
 This maj have recommended him particularly to the Dutch.
 
 53 
 
 the Indians, 1637, at their fort at Mystic,* when the 
 fierce spirit of this tribe was broken, and terror struck 
 among the Indians generally, on account of the general 
 massacre of so large a number. He had served as a 
 British officer in the Low Countries, England, and at 
 Cadiz. When he was disfranchised, he was also put 
 out of office as Captain of the Boston Train-band. The 
 woman referred to (of whom Winthrop speaks so feel- 
 ingly) was named Faber,f and these troubles com- 
 menced in 1638, and continued through 1639 ; and the 
 grand scene of his humiliation took place 7th mo. 3d, 
 1640, when, as we learn, "he came in his worst 
 clothes, (being accustomed to take great pride in his 
 bravery and neatness,) without a band, in a foul linen 
 cap pulled down to his eyes ; and standing upon a form, 
 did, with many deep sighs and abundance of tears," &c. 
 " To make his peace the more sound, he went to her 
 husband, (being a cooper,) and fell on his knees before 
 him, in the presence of elders and others, and confessed 
 the wrong he had done him, and besought him to for- 
 give him, which he did very freely, and in testimony 
 thereof he sent the Captain's wife a token." The 
 cooper as easily forgave his wife. 
 
 However Winthrop might have suspected Underbill's 
 sincerity in all this farce, we should judge he impartially 
 judged of his case subsequently; for, mo. 7th, 1641, 
 Bellingham being Governor, " Capt. Underbill, coming 
 to Boston, was presently apprehended by the Governor's 
 warrant to appear at the next Court, and bound for his 
 good behavior in the mean time, which was ill taken by 
 many, seeing he did not stand presented by any man, 
 and had been reconciled to the church and to the Court, 
 
 * Near a river of that name, in the County of New London, Conn., a few miles 
 cast of Fort Griswold. The Pcquods were nearly all destroyed, about 700 of 
 them being slain in this battle. 
 
 t Winthrop, if we mistake not, had married his fourth wife. ,
 
 54 
 
 who had remitted his sentence of banishment, and 
 showed their willingness to have pardoned him fully, but 
 for fear of oiience. And it was held by some of the 
 magistrates, that the Court, having reversed the sen- 
 tence against him for former misdemeanors, had im- 
 plicitly pardoned all other misdemeanors before that 
 time, and his adultery was no more then but a misde- 
 meanor; but to bind a man to his good behavior, when 
 he stands reconciled to the church and Commonwealth, 
 was certainly an error, as it was also to commit such 
 an one, being not presented nor accused. So easily 
 may a magistrate be misled on the right hand by the 
 secret whisperings of such as pretend a zeal of justice 
 and the punishment of sin. The Governor caused him 
 to be indicted at the next Court, but he was acquitted 
 by proclamation." 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL TURNER. The twelfth on the roll, 
 and a charter member. In the former edition, the 
 Christian name of Joseph is inserted as the probable 
 one, none being found in the roll, and he is not on the 
 list of officers ; but Nathaniel is undoubtedly the true 
 name. He lived in Nahant street, Lynn, and requested 
 to be made freeman, October 19th, 1630, but did not 
 take the oath till July 3d, 1632 ; and in both places on 
 the list of freemen has the prefix of respect. " He was 
 Representative in the first seven sessions of the General 
 Court, and a member of the first Quarterly Court at 
 Salem, in 1636. In 1633 he was appointed Captain of 
 the Militia in Lynn, and in 1636* and 1637 had a com- 
 mand in several expeditions against the Pequod Indians, 
 and was a Captain in Stoughton's expedition, when he 
 acquired a desire for New Haven. 1638, " he sold his 
 land on Sagamore Hill to Mr. Edward Holyoke, and 
 
 *His house in Saugus took fire by an oven, about midnight, (11 mo. 10th, 
 1636,) and was burnt down, with all that was in it, save the persons.
 
 removed to Quillipeake, with others, where a new set- 
 tlement was begun, and called New Haven. In 1639, 
 he was one of the seven members of the first church in 
 that place. In 1640, he purchased, for the town, of 
 Pomis, an Indian Sagamore, the tract of land which is 
 now the town of Stamford, for which he paid in ' coats, 
 hoes, hatchets, &c.' His active and enterprising life 
 was soon afterward terminated in a melancholy manner. 
 In January, 1646, he sailed for England, with Capt. 
 Lumberton, in a vessel which was never heard of more. 
 In June, 1648, it is said that the apparition of a ship 
 was seen, under full sail, moving up the harbor of New 
 Haven, a little before sunset, in a pleasant afternoon ; 
 and that as it approached the shore, it slowly vanished. 
 This was supposed to have been a reference to the fate 
 of Capt. Lumberton's ship. The following epitaph was 
 written to the memory of Capt. Turner : 
 
 " Deep in Atlantic caves his body sleeps, 
 Where the dark sea its ceaseless motion keeps, 
 While phantom ships are wrecked along the shore, 
 To warn his friends that he will cotne no more ! 
 But He, who governs all with impulse free, 
 Can bring from Bashan, and the deepest sea, 
 And when He calls, our Turner must return, 
 Though now his ashes fill no sacred urn." 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM JENNISON, the thirteenth on the roll, 
 and a charter member. He is called Jenings by John- 
 son, and sometimes spelt Jenyngs, and Geinson, and was 
 made freeman October 19th, 1630, and then has the 
 prefix of respect. August 16th, 1631, he was chosen 
 Ensign to Capt. Patrick,* by the Court at Boston, and 
 was Captain of the Watertovvn Band, where he lived, 
 
 * Capt. Patrick, who served in the Prince of Orange's Guard, was the first 
 Captain of Watertown.
 
 56 
 
 in 1636.* He was Representative, 1637 to 1642,f and 
 in 1645, seven years, from Watertown, and must have 
 been a Deputy when the charter was granted. It does 
 not appear he ever held any office in the Company, 
 and probably returned, and died in England. Johnson 
 supposes he was in England in 1651. 
 
 LIEUT. RICHARD MORRIS, fourteenth on the roll, and 
 a charter member. He was admitted freeman May 
 18th, 1631, by the title J Sergeant Morris, by which 
 title, without a Christian name, he stands on the oldest 
 roll, sustaining that office only in^ the Company. He 
 belonged to Roxbury, and was their Representative, 
 1635-6. Farmer says, he " probably went to Exeter, 
 N. H., 1638." Doct. Belknap, in his History of New 
 Hampshire, calls him Merrys. In the Addenda of Wiri- 
 throp, under date 16th 4 mo. 1636, we find: "The 
 
 * After his return from the expedition fitted out 6th mo. 25th, 1636, with Un- 
 derhill and Capt. N. Turner and En. Davenport, under Endicott, to revenge the 
 murder of Oldham. 
 
 t" At this Court, (July 1644) Capt. Jcnyson, Captain of the military company 
 in Watertown, an able man, who had been there from the first settling of that 
 town, having a year before, (being then a Deputy) in private conference, ques- 
 tioned the lawfulness of the Parliament's proceeding in England, was sent for by 
 the Deputies, and examined about it, and after before the magistrates. He ingenu- 
 ously confessed his scruple, but took offence, that being a church member, and in 
 public office, he should be openly produced merely for matter of judgment, not 
 having been first dealt with in private, either in a church way or by some of tho 
 magistrates, which seemed to some of the Court to have been a failing. The Court 
 was unwilling to turn him out of place, having been a very useful man, &c, yet 
 not seeing how he might be trusted, being of that judgment, yet professing that he 
 was assured that those of the Parliament side were the more godly and honest 
 part of the kingdom, and that though, if he were in England, he should be doubt- 
 ful whether he might take their part against their prince, yet, if the King or any 
 party from him should attempt any thing against this Commonwealth, he should 
 make no scruple to spend estate and life and all in our defence against them; he was 
 dismissed to further consideration; and the Court being broken up, he came soon 
 after to some of the magistrates, and told them that this questioning in the Court 
 had occasioned him to search further into the point, and he was now satisfied that 
 the Parliament's cause was good, and if he were in England he would assist in 
 defence of it." 
 
 t Doct. Farmer is in error here, having mistaken the title for a Christian name.
 
 57 
 
 Governor, with consent of Mr. Dudley, gave warrant to 
 Lieut. Morris to spread the King's colors at Castle 
 Island, when the ships passed by. It was done at the 
 request of the masters of the ten ships, which were then 
 here, yet with this protestation,* that we held the cross 
 in the ensign idolatrous, and therefore might not set it 
 up in our own ensigns ; but this being kept as the 
 King's fort, the Governor and some others were of 
 opinion, that his own colors might be spread upon it. 
 The colors were given us by Capt. Palmer, and the 
 Governor in requital sent him three beaver skins. But 
 the Deputy allowed not of this distinction." 1 find a 
 Lieut. Monish as the second person who had command 
 of the fort there ; and undoubtedly Lieut. R. Morris, 
 the name being mis-spelt. 
 
 In March, 1633, we find he was Ensign to Capt. Un- 
 derhill, but, " taking some distaste to his office, request- 
 ed the magistrates that he might be discharged of it, 
 and so was, whereby he gave offence to the congrega- 
 tion of Boston, so as, being questioned and convinced 
 of sin in forsaking his calling, he did acknowledge his 
 fault, and, at the request of the people, was by the 
 magistrates chosen Lieutenant to the same Company, 
 for he was a very stout man and an experienced sol- 
 dier." 
 
 Savage, in a note, page 127, says "he was a person 
 of some consequence in the colony, and probably ac- 
 companied Winthrop in the fleet ; for he and his wife 
 early became members of the Boston church, being 
 Nos. 64, 65. He was in the military service, when a 
 body of men, or at least of officers, was kept in pay, in 
 1632 and 3, as appears from the original account of 
 
 * Irving, in his Knickerbocker's History, giving a description of the early set- 
 tlers of Connecticut, says, " they always sailed as near the wind as a sow with a 
 shingle in her mouth." Why did such good Christians not only reject the cross, 
 but dishonor their King ?
 
 58 
 
 Wm. Pynchon, the Treasurer." Being unhappily of 
 that party in religion which favored Wheelwright and 
 his sister Hutchinson, he signed the famous petition, 
 and therefore, Nov. 20, 1637, with other schismatics, 
 was ordered to be disarmed. He probably recanted, 
 and was therefore permitted to be an associate of the 
 charter members. But, on the 6th Sept. of next year, 
 " Lieut. Morris (so say the Colony Records) had leave 
 to depart, (having offended in subscribing the petition 
 or remonstrance) being advised to forbear meddling 
 with our people in the matters of opinion, lest they be 
 further dealt with ; and was advised not to sit down 
 within our limits, and was wished to warn the rest not to 
 sit down within our limits." From this banishment, so 
 " gently expressed, for signing a memorial to the Court 
 eighteen months before, I know not that he returned. 
 His retreat was Exeter, where, with many of his perse- 
 cuted brethren, he formed the association, 4th October, 
 
 1639, which is preserved in Hazard, I. 463." 
 
 MAJ. GEN. EDWARD GIBBONS, the fifteenth on the 
 roll, and a charter member, came to New England as 
 early as 1629, was admitted freeman October 19th, 
 1631, and in the list has the prefix of respect. He 
 served the town in various offices, and was elected a 
 Deputy to the General Court, March session, 1638-9, 
 and thence regularly to 1647 inclusive, except October 
 
 1640, and June 1641. He was elected Assistant, May 
 1650, and served in that office until his death, at Bos- 
 ton, December 9th, 1 654. He had two sons, born in 
 1633 and 1641. One of his grandsons, Lieut. Wil- 
 liam Gibbons, was a member, 1691, and a great-grand- 
 son, John Gibbons, a member also, in 1711. Colonel 
 Daniel L. Gibbens, Ar. Co. 1810, is undoubtedly a de- 
 scendant. 
 
 He was by profession a merchant, and is noticed by
 
 59 
 
 Eliot with honor. He was admitted a member of Bos- 
 ton church, No. 113, and his piety was probably more 
 approved, because he had belonged to the irregular ad- 
 venturers of Mount Wollastan. Mather says, " he was 
 a very gay young gentleman, when the Massachusetts 
 people first came to Salem, and happened to be there 
 at Mr. Higginson and Mr. Shelton's ordination and 
 forming the church. He was so much affected with 
 
 o 
 
 the solemnity of the proceeding, that he desired to be 
 received into their number. They had not sufficient 
 knowledge of him, but encouraged him in his good in- 
 tentions, and he afterwards joined to the church in 
 Boston." He.is frequently mentioned in the early his- 
 tory of the colony, and was probably one of the young- 
 est, as he was one of the most enterprising among the 
 first settlers. He was a very prudent man, for amidst 
 all the excitements and controversies of the day, it ap- 
 pears he was never implicated ! which few or none, 
 except himself, could boast of. He appears to have 
 been a favorite of the people, for we find him many 
 years a public character, always in the road of promo- 
 tion, and never the victim of popular censure. His 
 popularity in the Company -must have been great, be- 
 sides his military qualifications, since he was the first 
 successor of Keayne as Commander, elected 1639, and 
 again elected Captain in 1641, 1646, and 1654; during 
 the fourth and last year of his command he died but 
 we have no account of any funeral solemnities. Thus 
 he was one of the first who associated with his friend 
 Keayne to form it, and remained one of its firmest sup- 
 porters and patrons to his decease. Keayne survived 
 him but little over a year, and he therefore did not live 
 to enjoy the friendly bequest made him in that volumi- 
 nous testament. His will was proved January 1654-5. 
 The inventory of Gibbens' estate, real and personal, re-
 
 60 
 
 turned 15th 10 mo. 1654, was only 294 19 6 ;* but 
 the next information we derive from the probate re- 
 cords of Suffolk, is a special commission, resembling 
 much those of our days, on account of its insolvency. 
 He had been too adventurous in the great undertakings 
 of La Tour, and was, beside, peculiarly unfortunate in 
 trade, having lost several vessels and cargoes. At one 
 time he was jointly, but privately, concerned with Lev- 
 erett, afterwards Governor, as a partner, and lost also 
 largely in his voyages. His dwelling house, with other 
 housing and a garden, says the Book of Possessions, 
 were situated on the bend opposite the lower end of 
 Market street, now called Cornhill, since old Cornhill 
 has taken the name of Washington street, so as to give 
 him the street on the West and North. As the cove 
 reached nearly or quite up to the bottom of his line, 
 and much shipping laded and unladed there, it is sup- 
 posed his place of business was there also. 
 
 Gibbons was early elected a military officer, for we 
 find he was Lieutenant of the Boston Volunteer Train- 
 band under Underbill, in 1636, and succeeded him as 
 Captain when he was put out of office for his religious 
 opinions. He continued as Captain until the first regu- 
 lar organization of the Massachusetts Militia, in 1644, 
 when he was promoted to be first Sergeant-major of the 
 Boston (Suffolk) Regiment, and that office he continued 
 to fill until he was elected Sergeant Major-General, as 
 the successor of Gov. Endicott, in 1649, and held that 
 elevated office three years successively. Speaking of 
 his election as Sergeant-major, Johnson observes : 
 " The first chosen to the office was Major Gibbons, a 
 man of resolute spirit, bold as a lion, being wholly 
 tutored up in New England discipline, very generous 
 and forward to promote all military matters ; his forts 
 
 * Savage makes his inventory .535 6 7.
 
 61 
 
 are well contrived, and batteries strong and in good 
 repair, &c. His great artillery well mounted and 
 cleanly kept, and his own Company are very com- 
 plete in arms, and many of them disciplined in the Mil- 
 itary Garden,* besides their ordinary trainings." In 
 1641, he was "appointed to see to the laying of the 
 ordnance in Boston, that they might not be spoiled." 
 
 In 1636, Lieut. Gibbons, with John Higginson, were 
 sent ambassadors, to treat with Canonicus about justice 
 to be done upon those who were guilty of the murder 
 of Oldham, wherein they were received and treated 
 with great pomp and state. " They arriving, were en- 
 tertained royally, with respect to the Indian manner. 
 Boiled chesnuts is their white bread, and because they 
 would be extraordinary in their feasting, they strove for 
 variety, after the English manner, boiling puddings 
 made of beaten corn, putting therein great store of 
 blackberries,! somewhat like currants. They, having 
 thus nobly feasted them, afterwards gave them audience 
 in a State House, round, about fifty feet wide, 
 made of long poles, stuck in the ground, like your 
 summer houses in England, and covered round about 
 and on the top with mats, &c." VVond. Work. Prov. 
 p. 109. Davis. Mort. Memo. p. 185 and note. 
 
 In 1643, he was one of the Committee appointed on 
 behalf of Massachusetts to receive and treat with the 
 Commissioners from the Colonies of Plymouth, Connec- 
 ticut and New Haven, which convention was composed 
 of principal leading men of the several colonies, and 
 whose consultations resulted in the unanimous forma- 
 tion of the articles of confederation, or Congress of 
 New England, that for many years met annually, and 
 conduced essentially to the union, peace and prosperity 
 of these infant States. His autograph, if any where to 
 be found now, is among the signatures to the articles 
 
 * Meaning the A. & H. A. C. t Origin of whortleberry pudding.
 
 62 
 
 then agreed upon, if the original paper has been pre 
 served. 
 
 In 1642 Lord Baltimore, Mr. Calvert, his brother, 
 being Governor of Maryland, (both papists, though 
 their colony consisted of protestants as well as papists,) 
 wrote to Capt. Gibbens " and sent him a commission, 
 offering him land in Maryland to any of ours that would 
 transport themselves thither, with free liberty of relig- 
 ion, and all other privileges which the place afforded, 
 paying such annual rent as should be agreed upon ;" 
 but the offer was not accepted, nor did any remove 
 thither. The great speculation, or rather enterprise he 
 had promoted (La Tour's,) about that time may have 
 prevented. The articles of that disastrous agreement are 
 recorded in the Registry of Suffolk, vol. I. 7. He was 
 probably encouraged to that enterprise by the counte- 
 nance of Gov. Winthrop, who afterwards was much 
 blamed for his conduct by the constituted authorities, 
 considering it as a violation of neutrality. If the under- 
 taking had proved successful, Gibbens, who embarked 
 largely, and finally lost all,* would have realized probably 
 a large fortune ; but as Hawkins, a member, was mas- 
 ter and part owner of the ships employed, a more par- 
 ticular description of the failure of the expedition will 
 be related when we come to speak of him as a member. 
 He commanded the expedition of the united colonies 
 against the Narragansett Indians, in 1645. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM SPENCER, the sixteenth on the roll, 
 and fourth named in the charter, was a merchant, and 
 lived in Cambridge. He was admitted freeman 4th 
 March, 1632-3, and elected a Representative from 
 Cambridge, at the first General Court, 1634 to 1638, five 
 years, and must have been a Deputy when the charter 
 was granted. It does not appear he held any military 
 
 * In one instance he loat, by La Tour, 2500.
 
 63 
 
 office higher than Lieutenant of the band, Cambridge, 
 then called Newton, 1636, under Capt. George Cooke. 
 Probably he was advanced in life. No other informa- 
 tion can be found relative to him ; his name, however, 
 being associated with Keayne and Sedgwick in the 
 charter, shows he must have been a man of conse- 
 quence, and ought to preserve his name forever from 
 oblivion. 
 
 CAPT. ROBERT HARDINGE. This name is spelt Hard- 
 ing, by Farmer. It appears on the old roll as No. 17, 
 and is spelt there, and in various places on the old re- 
 cords of Boston, as I have spelt it. He was admitted 
 freeman, May 18th, 1631. Savage thinks he came in 
 the fleet with Winthrop. He lived in Boston, and was 
 one of the first Board of Selectmen elected there. He 
 was Ensign of the voluntary train band of Boston, 1636, 
 under Capt. Underbill and Lieut. Gibbons. He was 
 one of those disarmed, for his heterodoxy, by order of 
 court, in 1637, and must have been one of those, men- 
 tioned by Winthrop as among the officers of the mili- 
 tary, who. made their recantation, or his name also 
 would not have been among the charter members. It 
 seems the Governor, &c. sent for them and questioned 
 them. Their standing and characters rendered it expe- 
 dient the constituted authorities should bring them over 
 to the faith as early as possible, for, situated as the 
 country was, exposed to the merciless savages without, 
 and dissentions within, the officers of the military, the 
 only skilled in tactics, were absolutely necessary for 
 their preservation, and the ruling powers had not then 
 sufficient confidence in their party to venture very se- 
 vere measures. Hardinge, however, was probably a 
 backslider from the faith, notwithstanding he might 
 have recanted ; for he went to Rhode Island, with oth-
 
 64 
 
 ers who were banished, where, in 1641, he became an 
 assistant of that colony.* 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS CAKEBREAD, the eighteenth on the 
 roll, and a charter member, was made freeman, May 
 14th, 1634. He first resided at Boston, but afterwards 
 removed to Sudbury, where he was elected Ensign of 
 the first voluntary train band. His name is mentioned 
 as the Ensign of that band, at the organization of the 
 militia, 1644. Farmer says he died there, January 4th, 
 1643; probably he means 1643-4. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN HOLMAN, Dorchester, where he was 
 Ensign of the first voluntary train band, 1636, under 
 Capt. Stoughton and Lieut. Duncan. We have no 
 other information of this charter member, who stands 
 nineteenth on the roll. 
 
 RICHARD COLLICOT, spelt Collocott in the list of free- 
 men, admitted March 4th, 1632-3, is twentieth on the 
 roll, and a charter member. He was a merchant, and 
 never bore any military commission that can now be 
 ascertained. He was a member of the Dorchester 
 Church, and Representative from that town, 1637, and 
 probably afterwards and when the charter was granted. 
 He afterwards removed to Boston, and was the Repre- 
 sentative from Saco in 1672. He was living in Novem- 
 ber, 1682, aged 75, and gave a deposition. His will is 
 dated April 23d, 1681, and approved August 26th, 1686. 
 His estate was not finally settled until administration 
 de bonis non, March 14th, 1719. In a note to Mrs. 
 Hutchinson's trial, he is said " to be an inhabitant of 
 Boston, and a principal merchant;" he was then a 
 Deputy from Dorchester, and one of her opponents. If 
 a merchant, he exhibited very little of that liberality for 
 which that profession is so celebrated. He had two 
 successive wives, and children by both. 
 
 * See Callender, 42.
 
 LIEUT. (JOSEPH) PENDLETON. Of this charter mem- 
 ber, the twenty-first on the roll, I have obtained no 
 information. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD TOMLINS, the twenty-second on the 
 roll, and a charter member, was admitted freeman, May 
 18th, 16.31, and in that list has the prefix of respect 
 He lived in Lynn, 1630, and was a carpenter by occu- 
 pation. His name is spelt by Farmer, and also in most 
 old records, Tomlyns. He was a Deputy, in the first 
 House of that description in the Colony, 1 634, and for 
 five several times afterwards, and was probably a Repre- 
 sentative when the charter was granted. In 1633, he 
 built the first mill in Lynn, on Strawberry Brook, which 
 flows from the Flax Pond. At one of the courts he 
 agreed to repair Mistick Bridge, for 22. In 1640 he 
 went to Long Island, but returned to Lynn, and was 
 appointed Clerk of the Writs, in 1643. He went to 
 London in 1644, where he resided some time, and ap- 
 pears to have been at Dublin, in Ireland, in 1679. In 
 1643 he was sent, with Humphrey Atherton, by the 
 court, to treat with the Indians at Gorton's plantation, 
 (Warwick, K. I.) and thereupon catechised them, 
 
 NICHOLAS UP SHALL, the twenty-third on the roll, and 
 a charter member. Farmer spells his name Upsall ; it 
 is on the old roll spelt as I have it, and also so spelt on 
 his grave-stone, in Copps Hill burial-ground. Close be- 
 side him lay the grave-stones of his wife, Dorothy, and 
 friend, Obadiah Copps, for whom the hill is named. He 
 was early admitted a member of Boston Church, and 
 freeman, October 19th, 1630. He subsequently relin- 
 quished the profession of arms, and finally became a 
 Quaker ; and, for his obstinate adherence to his relig- 
 ious sentiments, was afterwards, 1641, sentenced to per- 
 petual imprisonment; which sentence was rigidly en-
 
 66 
 
 forced, until the tears and solicitations of his wife made 
 an impression upon the rulers, and his punishment was 
 mitigated to confinement in a private house, in Dor- 
 chester. He was again apprehended, October, 1656, 
 as government pretended, " for reproaching the Magis- 
 trates, and espousing the cause of the Quakers," fined 
 20, and banished the Colony. He went to Plymouth, 
 but returned, and died August 20th, 1666, aged 70. 
 His wife died September 18th, 1675, aged 73. His 
 inventory, October 13th, 1666, after deducting debts, 
 &c, amounted to 543 1 ; no inconsiderable fortune 
 for those days. He left children. Property, moral 
 worth, public services, wife, children, friends, cannot 
 preserve a man from the ruthless fangs of religious per- 
 secution. Our ancestors, especially the Governor and 
 Magistrates of Massachusetts, paid strict regard to that 
 command of scripture, " not to speak evil of dignities ;" 
 and if this and many other cases are considered, pun- 
 ished with relentless hand the least offensive freedom of 
 speech against the magisterial or ecclesiastical power. 
 They yet, during all this time, deserve credit for 
 adroitly shaping their course between king and parlia- 
 ment, with even more than ordinary Quaker cunning. 
 Upshall and wife, with their friend Copps, were buried 
 in that part of Copps Hill burial ground appropriated 
 for people of colour, and, until recently, occupied almost 
 exclusively for such. The respectable Quakers of the 
 present day (Lynn) have recently reclaimed the remains 
 of their former brethren from the old Quaker burial 
 ground, lest the rapacious* hands of speculation should 
 trespass farther. Why do they not redeem the ashes of 
 
 *I liave attended a Quaker meeting, to hear a (traveller) Quaker preach in 
 their old Meeting-house, and heard a judicious and pious discourse. The house 
 was in the same enclosure of the burial ground, on Congress Street, formerly called 
 Quaker Lane, but except that occnsion, as I daily passed by I could not but re- 
 mark how it was profaned. Some of the vicinity -pastured their cow there, and 
 .tied her up in celd weather to feed near the elders' seats.
 
 67 
 
 those who may be considered among the first martyrs 
 of their sect ? If our forefathers had treated the con- 
 scientious Quakers and Baptists of their cftiy with any 
 degree of toleration or neglect, their schism would have 
 been of little consequence, and probably would have 
 dwindled into insignificance, whereas we now behold 
 rent upon rent in the garments of the Church ; but they 
 had strangled the babe of Mrs. Hutchinson's antinomian 
 creation, by their strong arm of orthodox power, and 
 they thought they were able to crush every thought and 
 belief that quadrated not with their own. They pro- 
 fessed to evangelize the Indians ; this is some atone- 
 ment, but unluckily they had but few Eliots among 
 them. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD JOHNSON, the twenty-fourth and last 
 on the roll of charter members, 1637, was the second 
 person admitted freeman in the Colony, May 18th, 
 1631, and has the prefix of respect therein, and lived 
 sometime in Charlestown. He came from Herne Hill, 
 a parish in Kent, to New England, in 1630. He might 
 have been the Johnson who was the first Ensign of the 
 volunteer train band in Roxbury, but he removed to 
 Woburn, then called " Charlestown Village," and the 
 principal man who established that settlement. The 
 Church in that town was planted by him. He was emi- 
 nent in that day for his piety and learning. Some au- 
 thors say he was a clergyman, yet they appear to add a 
 doubt: the weight of evidence shows that he was a 
 military man. The strong interest he took in religion, 
 and his first planting the Church in Woburn, probably 
 gave rise to the supposition of his being a clergyman. 
 He might also, as a ruling elder,* have officiated when 
 the place was first settled, but never was a regular or- 
 dained clergyman. 
 
 *" There were ruling elders in most of the Churches, but not all," says 
 Hutchbson.
 
 68 
 
 He was Town Clerk of Woburn thirty years, and 
 sustained various other offices. He represented that 
 town twenty-eight years, from 1643 to 1671, excepting 
 1648, and was Speaker of the House of Deputies a 
 short time in 1655. He was Captain of the first train 
 band formed there, and was their Captain in Middlesex 
 regiment, at the organization of the militia, 1644. He 
 died April 23d, 1672, leaving a widow, Susan, five sons 
 and two daughters. He was sent with Capt. George 
 Cooke, Lieut. Humphrey Atherton (as Ensign proba- 
 bly) in 1643, with forty soldiers, to take Gorton and his 
 company, and after they had set fire to their houses 
 several times, which Gorton's friends as repeatedly put 
 out, they took him and most of his adherents, their cat- 
 tle, &c. and brought them prisoners to Boston. In 1640 
 he, with Gov. Bradstreet, Dep. Gov. Danforth, and 
 Maj. Gen. Dennison and others, was a Committee to 
 consider and report the situation of public affairs in re- 
 lation to the patent, laws, and privileges of the Colony. 
 In 1662, he was appointed by the General Court, with 
 Gen. Gookin, Danforth, Maj. Lusher and Capt. Hill, 
 a Committee in relation to sending Messrs. Bradstreet 
 and Norton agents to England, upon the restoration of 
 Charles II. This committee met at the Anchor Tavern, 
 in Boston, January 4th, 1662, to adopt measures and 
 hasten the journey of their agents. This was a very 
 important subject, considering that by the temporizing 
 policy of the Massachusetts during their settlement, as it 
 respects king and parliament, their civil wars, &c., they 
 had every thing to appreheixd on the restoration. They 
 very prudently and cautiously acknowledged the Parlia- 
 ment, Oliver Crpmwell, &c. ; from 1656 to 1660 were 
 silent, and abstained from saying or doing any thing 
 that would give offence to either party, and declined, 
 modestly, acknowledging Richard Cromwell as pro- 
 tector. Their instructions, address to the King, and
 
 69 
 
 letters to divers Lords, are preserved in Hutchinson's 
 collections. Johnson was one of the four to whom the 
 original charter, and a duplicate of it, were delivered 
 for safe keeping. The Colony Records give frequent 
 evidence of his public services, and the confidence he 
 enjoyed from the people. 
 
 He died possessed of a large estate : that which laid 
 at Herne Hill and other places in England he gave to 
 several grandchildren, and that in America was willed 
 to his children. William, his third son, succeeded him 
 as Representative, and was an Assistant, 1684, and 
 when Sir E. Andross arrived. That which has done 
 most to preserve his name and fame, is a work of his, 
 entitled " Wonder- Working Providence of Zion's Saviour 
 in New England ;" a book much resorted to and used 
 by antiquarians and historians of later times a sort of 
 jumbled compound of much useful matter, civil, ecclesi- 
 astical, military, and wonderful indeed. 
 
 We have now closed the list of those associated as 
 members, 1637 twenty-four in number. Eight were 
 of Boston, four of Lynn, three of Dorchester, two of 
 Roxbury, and one each of Charlestown, Cambridge, 
 Watertown, Woburn and Sudbury, and two uncertain. 
 Sixteen of whom sustained the office of Representative ; 
 two were Assistants, of Massachusetts ; one an Assist- 
 ant, of Rhode Island Colony, and one Governor of 
 part of New Hampshire. Twenty-two were military 
 officers here, or in England, and two private citizens. 
 This may refute an error prevalent, that the Company 
 is merely local, and confined to Boston. In its origin 
 it certainly was composed, two-thirds of out-of-town 
 members, and the sequel will show that it is not even 
 confined to the State. 
 
 It is proposed, at the end of each year, to give the 
 names, texts, &c. of those Clergymen who preached the 
 Court election, or Artillery election sermons ; and, when
 
 70 
 
 arrived at later years, the periodical discourses on other 
 important occasions, at the end of each year ; that the 
 future antiquarian may have as correct and condensed 
 list as is now possible to be obtained. Many of the 
 earliest are not to be ascertained now, but under this 
 year will be given those few already delivered. No 
 doubt the Company had a sermon delivered at their 
 election day, from the first; it is to be hoped it will 
 never be dispensed with. 
 
 1638. 
 
 LIEUT. (THOMAS) FRENCH, (JR.) Boston, freeman, 
 1632, and member of the First Church, from whence he 
 was dismissed, January 27th, 1639, to Ipswich, where 
 he appears to have resided as early as 1634. He was 
 Ensign of the Company in 1650. 
 
 CAPT. (WILLIAM) FEMYS. On the oldest roll and 
 
 list of officers the name appears as Capt. Femys, 
 
 and the name William is adopted on probability, having 
 met with it but once, and that obscurely. I have not 
 obtained any information respecting him. He might be 
 one of those who became early discontented, and there- 
 fore returned to England. He was Lieutenant of the 
 Company, 1640. 
 
 LIEUT. EDWARD WINSHIP, Cambridge, freeman, 1635, 
 was Representative, 1663, 1664, 1681 to 1686 eight 
 years. He had five sons and seven daughters. This 
 name is now spelt Windship, and some of his posterity 
 are living in Brighton, formerly a part of Cambridge. 
 He died December 2d, 1688, aged 76. 
 
 THOMAS STRAWBRIDGE. Of him there is no infor- 
 mation. 
 
 THOMAS MAKEPIECE, Boston. All I find of this man 
 is, Court Records, vol. I. 240, "because of his novel
 
 71 
 
 disposition, was informed, we were weary of him, unless 
 he reform." Hence I suppose he was a man of liberal 
 sentiments, and of some consequence. At the same 
 court one was whipped,* eleven stripes, for saying, 
 " some of the ministers in the Bay were Brownists." 
 Makepeace was in favor of a free church. He was one 
 of the patentees and signers of the petitioners for Dover, 
 N. H., to come under the Massachusetts, 1641. 
 
 MAJ. BENJAMIN KEAYNE, Boston, merchant, admitted 
 freeman, 1639, and has the prefix of respect. He was 
 the only son of Capt. Robert Keayne, founder of the 
 Company, and married a daughter of Gov. Dudley, " an 
 unhappy and uncomfortable match," as his father speaks 
 of, in his famous will. " This union, with other unfa- 
 vorable circumstances," says Savage, "perhaps com- 
 pelled the son to return to the land of his fathers." In 
 England, he repudiated his wife, and died there, as sup- 
 posed, 1668. He gained his title in England, probably.f 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN WHITTINGHAM, Ipswich. This name is 
 spelt Wittingham on the old roll and in the former edi- 
 tion. He was son of Baruch, and grandson of Rev. 
 William Whittingham, the famous puritan minister, in 
 the reign of Queen Mary, who, it is said, married a 
 daughter of John Calvin. He came to New England 
 with his mother, from Lincolnshire. He was Lieutenant 
 of the Ipswich volunteer train band; for, in the year 
 1644, at the organization of the militia, that office is 
 represented in the Colony Records as vacant, by reason 
 of his death. 
 
 * As a similar instance of excessive punishment in those days, I find that a 
 " Capt. Stow, for abusing Mr. Ludlow, (a Magistrate,) by calling him a Justass, is 
 fined 100, apd prohibited coming within the patent, without the Governor's 
 leave, upon pain of death." 
 
 t Savage is in an error, that administration on R. Keayne, his father's e=tate, 
 was granted to his son-in-law ;" for Samuel Cole, who was probably his son-in- 
 law, died in 1666. See ante.
 
 72 
 
 x 
 
 WILLIAM BALLARD, Lynn. He was a farmer, and 
 lived in Lynn, on the Boston road, a little west of Sau- 
 gus river; was admitted freeman, 1638, and the same 
 year was member of the Quarterly Court, at Salem. 
 He had children, and removed afterwards to Andover. 
 There is a will, in Suffolk Records, of a William Bal- 
 lard, dated July 5th, 1679, and approved March 17th, 
 1686-7, and an administration of a William Ballard's 
 estate, as of Charlestovvn, aged 85. 
 
 ROBERT SALTONSTALL, son of Sir Richard, was one 
 who signed as a patentee and petitioner for Dover to 
 come under the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts, 1641. 
 He is therein styled gentleman, and probably bore a 
 commission in England. 
 
 JAMES ASTWOOD, Dorchester, merchant, freeman, 
 1639, was probably one of the founders of the Second 
 Church, in Boston. 
 
 ENSIGN ROBERT SCOT, Boston, freeman, 1636. 
 
 RICHARD WAITE, Boston, tailor, was a member of the 
 Church, 1633; freeman, 1637; probably removed to 
 Watertown, where sons of Richard Waite were born 
 in 1639 and 1641. He was a Representative. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN JOHNSON, Roxbury, requested to be ad- 
 mitted freeman, Oct. 19th, 1630; Deputy in the first 
 House of Representatives, 1634, and for fifteen years 
 afterwards, consequently a Deputy when the charter 
 was granted. He was appointed Surveyor General of 
 Arms, 1644. He was one of the embryo parliament in 
 1632, " for every town chose two men to be at the next 
 court, to advise with the Governor and Assistants, about 
 the raising of a public stock, so as what they should 
 agree upon should bind all, &c." J. Johnson was one 
 from Roxbury.* He was the person designated by court 
 
 * Richard Wright, Ar. Co. 1643, was one from Lynn ; Edward Gibbens and 
 Abraham Palmer, from Charlestown ; William Spencer, from Newton.
 
 73 
 
 by the title of Goodman Johnson, to whom the Roxbury 
 men disarmed in Mrs. Hutchinson's case, were to de- 
 liver their arms. He was appointed, with Woodward, 
 Sept. 6th, 1638, "if he can spare time, or another to be 
 got in room, to lay out the most southernmost part of 
 Charles River, and to have five shillings a day a piece." 
 
 He had his house burnt down, 1845, 2* mo. 6th. 
 Winthrop says, " John Johnson, the Surveyor General 
 of the Ammunition, a very industrious and faithful man 
 in his place, having built a fair house in the midst of the 
 town, with divers barns and other out houses, it fell on 
 fire in the day time, no man knowing by what occasion, 
 and there being in it seventeen barrels of the country's 
 powder and many arms, all was suddenly burnt and 
 blown up, to the value of 4 or 500, wherein a special 
 providence of God appeared, for he being from home, 
 the people came together to help, and many were in 
 the house, no man thinking of the powder, till one of 
 the company put them in mind of it, whereupon they 
 all withdrew, and soon after the powder took fire, and 
 blew up all about it, and shook the houses in Boston 
 and Cambridge, so as men thought it had been an 
 earthquake. There being then a stiff gale south, it 
 drove the fire from the other houses in the town, (for 
 this was the most northerly,) otherwise it had endan- 
 gered the greatest part of the town. This loss of our 
 powder was the more observable, in two respects : 
 1st. Because the court had not taken that care they 
 ought, to pay for it, having been owing for divers years. 
 2d. In that, at the court before, they had refused to 
 help our countrymen in Virginia, who had written to us 
 for some for their defence against the Indians, and also 
 to help our brethren of Plimouth in their want." 
 
 Johnson was " chosen constable of Rocksbury" as 
 early as Sept. 19th, 1630. It was then the custom to 
 
 * Hutchinson says it was Feb. 26th, 1644. 
 10
 
 74 
 
 choose the best men for that office. He died Sept. 
 29th, 1659. His will is dated 30th of 7th mo. 1659,* 
 proved 15th of 8th mo. of same year, wherein he gives 
 his dwelling house and lands to his wife, during her life, 
 and after, " unto my five children, to be equally divided, 
 my eldest son having a double portion therein, accord- 
 ing to the Word of God." 
 
 WILLIAM PARKS, Roxbury, freeman, 1631 . He proba- 
 bly accompanied Gov. Winthrop in the fleet, and in that 
 list has the prefix of respect ; the name is therein spelt 
 Parke, and is erroneously spelt Parker by Johnson and 
 in 2 Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc. IV. 25. He was Deacon of 
 the Church, and Representative in 1635 and thirty-two 
 years afterwards, until 1679, and consequently a Deputy 
 when the charter was granted. He died May llth, 
 1685. Johnson says " he was a man of a pregnant un- 
 derstanding, and very useful in his place." 
 
 ISAAC MORRIL, Roxbury, freeman, was born in Eng- 
 land in 1588, came to New England as early as 1632, 
 and died October 18th, 1662, aged 74. 
 
 ENSIGN HEZEKIAH USHER, Cambridge, freeman, 1639, 
 removed to Boston 1646. He was Representative for 
 Billerica, 1671, 1672 and 1673, and died in May, 1676. 
 His tomb is in the Chapel burial-ground, now the prop- 
 erty of the Francis family. Col. Shrimpton, Ar. Co. 
 1670, married one of his daughters. His son Hezekiah, 
 Ar. Co. 1665, and his son Col. John, Ar. Co. 1673. 
 His will was made, 1676. He was Ensign of the Com- 
 pany in 1664. He was one of the founders and mem- 
 bers of the Old South Church. 
 
 t 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD WALKER, Lynn, farmer. He resided 
 on the west of Saugus river. The Christian name be- 
 
 * There is some apparent discrepancy in these dates, but the will may have been 
 written just before his death, which may have been in the night.
 
 75 
 
 4 
 
 ing blank in the old roll, Robert was inserted errone- 
 ously in the former edition. He was admitted freeman, 
 1634. He was Ensign of the volunteer train band in 
 Saugus (Lynn) in 1631 ; afterwards a Lieutenant and 
 Captain. He was Representative in 1640 and 1641, 
 and died in May, 1687, aged 95. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM PERKINS, Weymouth, freeman, 1634, 
 was Captain of the military band, 1644, and represented 
 the town that year. As many of the Weymouth people 
 removed to Bridgewater and were the original proprie- 
 tors there, and the name is common there, it is probable 
 he was one of them. 
 
 THOMAS CHEESEHOLM, Cambridge, freeman, 1636; 
 Deacon of the Church. The name Chisolm exists in 
 New England. 
 
 JOHN MOORE, Cambridge, 1636. There were three 
 of that name admitted freemen, in 1631, 1633, and 
 1636. 
 
 EDWARD MITCHELSON, Cambridge, 1636. His name 
 appears on the old roll as Michison, and therefore erro- 
 neously so spelt in the former edition. 
 
 WILLIAM CUTTER, freeman, 1633. 
 
 CAPT. (RICHARD) JENNINGS, born at Ipswich, in Eng- 
 land, and came over with Rev. Nathaniel Rogers in 
 1636, but returned home in 1639. 
 
 ABRAHAM MORRILL, Cambridge, 1632, erroneously 
 spelt in the former edition, Abram Morrell. He re- 
 moved to Salisbury, and there died, 1662. 
 
 PHILIP ELLIOT spelt by Farmer, Eliot Roxbury, 
 freeman 1636. He was brother to the Apostle to the 
 Indians, and was deacon of his church. He was Rep- 
 resentative, 1654, and three years after, and was a gen- 
 tleman of some distinction. His will was made October
 
 76 
 
 21st, 1657, and proved February llth, next after. He 
 died October 24th, 1657. 
 
 (JOHN) GREEN. The Christian name is wanting on 
 the old roll, and Richard was adopted, upon slight in- 
 formation, in the first edition. 
 
 ROBERT SAUNDERS, Cambridge, freeman 1639. In- 
 ventory and administration, Suffolk Prob. Rec. March 
 13th, 1682-3. There was a Robert Saunders, a mem- 
 ber of the Old South Church. 
 
 STEPHEN GREENSMITH, probably of Boston, freeman. 
 At the General Court, 1st mo. 9th, 1636, " One Stephen 
 Greensmith, for .saying that all the ministers, except 
 A. B. C. (Cotton, Wheelwright, and, as he thought, 
 Hooker,) did teach a covenant of works, was censured 
 to acknowledge his fault in every church, and fined 
 40." His sentence also required sureties in 100. In 
 the Addenda of Winthrop, 7th, 25, " James Penn and 
 Edward Bendell of Boston, did bind themselves, their 
 heirs and executors, to pay unto the Treasurer, within 
 three months, 40, for the fine of Stephen Greensmith." 
 Savage observes : " Marks are drawn across this para- 
 graph, but it is evident that it was designed by the au- 
 thor to express the discharge of the obligation ; for in 
 the margin is written" " paid by 20 in wampum, and 
 20 by debt to Robert Saltonstall." He must have 
 been a man of some note, if we consider his sureties. 
 He appealed to the King, but the Court in all cases dis- 
 allowed appeals, and he was committed until sentence 
 be performed. Alas ! how cruel is ecclesiastical bond- 
 age ! May not Papists even cry out against us ? This 
 man had no money for he paid his fine by strings of 
 Indian beads, and contracting a debt to the benevolent 
 Saltonstall, who probably lent him or advanced the re- 
 mainder to liberate him from prison.
 
 77 
 
 ARTHUR PERRY, Boston, freeman 1640. He was 
 long known as town drummer, and is for many years 
 recorded in the list.of officers as Drummer to the Com- 
 pany. It was no inferior office, rest assured, gentle 
 reader ; for, as the town then had no bells, he used 
 for it then was the custom to beat his drum round 
 town to call the gentlefolk to meeting on Sunday, to 
 lectures, &c. &c. ; and the office was of so much con- 
 sequence that he received an annual stipend from the 
 town of 5, and the loss of such a valuable officer was 
 provided against in 1643, by making provision at the 
 public charge for the instruction of such as were candi- 
 dates to become his successors.* His son Seth was a 
 member of the Ar. Co. 1662. He owned a valuable 
 estate in School street, between the corners of Wash- 
 ington street and Common strcet,f probably about 
 where the 2d Universalist meeting-house stands; and 
 there he died, October 9th, 1652. 
 
 JOHN AUDLIN, Boston, freeman 1634. Spelt by Far- 
 mer, Odlin. He was one of the first settlers of Boston. 
 He died December 18th, 1685, aged 83. He was one 
 of the persons disarmed on account of his adherence to 
 Mrs. Hutchinson. He gave a deposition, June 10th, 
 1684, printed in Snow's History of Boston, p. 50. 
 
 JOHN STOW, Roxbury, freeman 1634 ; Representa- 
 tive 1639. 
 
 JOHN WINCHESTER, Muddy River, now called Brook- 
 line ; freeman 1637. On the old roll he has no Christ- 
 ian name, and Richard was adopted by mistake, in the 
 first edition. He died April 25th, 1 694, aged upwards 
 of 80. 
 
 * The erection of Pews on the ground floor of meeting-houses was a New Eng- 
 land invention. Some of onr first meeting-houses in Boston, that had pews, had 
 no broad or other aisle, but were entered from without by a door, the owner 
 keeping the key. 
 
 t Now Tremont street.
 
 78 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL DUNCAN, Dorchester, merchant; 
 freeman 1635. Nathaniel, Jr, his son, was of Ar. Co. 
 1642, and his son Peter, Ar. Co. 1654. He was the 
 fifty-seventh on the roll, and second named in the char- 
 ter. He was Lieutenant of the first volunteer train- 
 band in Dorchester and in Stoughton, in 1636, and 
 afterwards Captain. He was one of the first settlers at 
 Dorchester, and represented that town many years in 
 the General Court, particularly the year the charter 
 was granted. It does not appear he ever sustained any 
 office in the Company, and he was probably advanced 
 in years, for he is not mentioned as in any military 
 office at the organization of the Militia, 1644. John- 
 son says, " he was learned in the Latin and French 
 tongues, and a very good accountant ; wherefore he 
 was called to the place of Auditor General for the coun- 
 try." Thus it appears the charter was granted to four 
 persons, one in each of the principal towns in the col- 
 ony, with their associates, and also may serve to correct 
 the mistaken idea prevalent, that the Company, in its 
 origin or progress, has been confined to Boston. By 
 supposing all down to Duncan on the roll to have been 
 charter members, it follows that one Assistant and 
 eleven Deputies, which have then consisted of only be- 
 tween thirty and forty, were among those to whom the 
 charter was granted. 
 
 THOMAS STOW, Braintree. 
 
 WILLIAM WILCOX, Cambridge; freeman 1636; died 
 there, November 28th, 1653. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. HUMPHREY ATHERTON, Dorchester; free- 
 man May 2d, 1 638 ; came, it is supposed, from Lan- 
 cashire. He signed the covenant of Dorchester Church 
 in 1636. In September, 1638, he was a Deputy to the 
 General Court from Dorchester, and nine years after- 
 wards, to 1 65 1 . In 1653, he represented Springfield,
 
 79 
 
 in which town, it is supposed, he had an interest ; and 
 the same year was Speaker of the House of Deputies, 
 and elected an Assistant in 1654, which office he held 
 until his death, September 16th, 1661. At the organi- 
 zation of the Militia, 1644, he was Captain of the Dor- 
 chester Band, having previously been Lieutenant, and 
 succeeded Major Gibbens as Serjeant-major of the Suf- 
 folk Regiment, on his promotion to be Major-General, 
 in 1649 ; and he continued in that office until he suc- 
 ceeded General Daniel Dennison, in 1566, as Major- 
 General, and that office he held also at the time of his 
 death, which was September 17th, 1661. Boston Re- 
 cords say he died 17th September, about one o'clock, 
 A. M.* (says a manuscript note of John Hull.) The in- 
 scription copied into Alden's Collection of Epitaphs, 
 says the 16th. Tradition reports his death to have been 
 caused by a fall from his horse, in consequence of riding 
 over a cow, while attending a military review on Boston 
 Common ; another account of the accident is, that it 
 happened on Boston Neck, on his return from the re- 
 view. Hubbard says, speaking of the matter, " likewise 
 was called to conflict with the strife of tongues, and the 
 manner of his death also noted as a judgment."! 
 
 Johnson says : " Although he be slow of speech, yet 
 is he downright for the business one of a cheerful 
 spirit and entire for the country." He is also said to 
 be " a man of courage and presence of mind ;" for he 
 was sent with twenty men to Pessacus, an Indian 
 sachem, to demand the arrears of 300 fathom of wam- 
 pum. Pessacus put him off for some time with dilatory 
 answers, not suffering Atherton to come into his pres- 
 
 * This may account for the apparent discrepancy, it being the night of the 16th 
 17th. 
 
 t Our ancestors considered all remarkables, or accidents, as judgments, and 
 especially if they befell their adversarie sin religions, or subtle and metaphysical 
 distinctions in matter of doctrine. Most of them are too absurd, trifling and ridic- 
 ulous for notice.
 
 80 
 
 ence. He carried his twenty men to the door of the 
 wigwam, entered himself with his pistol in his hand, 
 leaving his men without, and seizing Pessacus by the 
 hair of his head, drew him from the midst of a great 
 number of his attendants, threatening, if any one of 
 them dared to stir, ho would dispatch him. Pessacus 
 presently paid down what was demanded, and the Eng- 
 lish returned in safety. His descendants remain in 
 Norfolk County. He sustained the office of Sergeant 
 in the Company ; also, Ensign, in 1645 ; Lieutenant, 
 1646; Captain, 1650, and Captain a second time in 
 1658. Savage says, "he deserves much honor in our 
 early annals. He was sent, with Edward Tomlyns, in 
 1643, by the Court, to treat with Miantunnomoh, Sa- 
 chem of the Narragansett Indians, and questioned them 
 on the ten commandments ; and a second embassy, 
 1648, with Hugh Prichard; also, at another time, with 
 George Cooke and Edward Johnson. He named his 
 children singularly, viz, Jonathan, Rest, Increase, 
 Thankful, Hope, Consider, Watching, Patience.* His 
 inventory, beside land, a farm at Worronow 700 acres, 
 was 838. Administration was granted " at the Gov- 
 ernor's house," September 27th, 1661; and July 6th, 
 1662, his estate was divided between his widow and 
 children. 
 
 His epitaph, on the grave-stone in Dorchester burial- 
 ground, is worthy of being preserved for its singularity, 
 and to show the standard of New England poetry, of 
 that period, viz : 
 
 " Here lies our Captain, and Major of Suffolk was withal, 
 
 A goodly magistrate was he, and Major General. 
 
 Two troops of horse with him here came, such love his worth did crave, 
 
 Ten companies of foot, also mourning, marched to his grave. 
 
 Let all, who read, be sure to keep the truth, as he has done; 
 
 With Christ he now is crowned; his name was Humphrey Atherton." 
 
 * One would think the whole race of Praise God Bnrebones were let loose in 
 one generation, if we did not know of some such fantastical names in our own day. 
 There is now a distinguished (man) Preserved Fish, in New York.
 
 81 
 .*,. 
 
 DAVID OF>LEY, Boston. 
 
 (JOHN) HARRISON, Boston; freeman 1641. The 
 Christian name is blank in the old roll, and Edward 
 was adopted in the last edition. 1 am much better per- 
 suaded it should be John, and by better evidence. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN HULL, Boston; freeman 1632. He was 
 son of Robert Hull, and father of Capt. John, Ar. Co. 
 1660. It is an error in the first edition to assign any 
 of the Company's offices to the John Hull of this year ; 
 they belong exclusively to John of 1660. He never 
 sustained any other office except Sergeant. His inven- 
 tory dated 30th 5 mo. 1670 total 82 12. He died 
 July 28, 1666, aged 73. 
 
 MA.I. THOMAS CLARKE, Boston ; freeman 1638 ; mer- 
 chant. He was Captain of the Boston Militia, and suc- 
 ceeded Major Lusher as Sergeant-major, 1672. He 
 was elected a Deputy from Boston, 1651, and the seven 
 succeeding years, and again in 1663, and the next fol- 
 lowing nine years eighteen years in all; and was 
 Speaker of the Hotfse of Deputies a part of the year 
 1751. In 1662, he represented some other town, and 
 was again Speaker; also was Speaker in 1665, 1669, 
 1670 and 1672. In 1673, he was elected an Assistant, 
 and continued in that office until his decease, March 
 13th, 1683. Farmer says he was Assistant only five 
 years. He was one of the two Deputies (to his honor 
 be it remembered) who entered their dissent against the 
 law of 1656, punishing with death all Quakers who 
 should return to Massachusetts after banishment. He 
 was one of the four (1664) to whom the charter was 
 delivered for safety.* 
 
 
 
 Upon the division of the Suffolk Regiment, 1680, 
 Boston constituted the first Regiment, under Clarke, 
 
 * Major Clarke, in behalf of Massachusetts Colony, accompanied the King's 
 . Commissioners to Manhadoes, surrendered August 2?th, 1664- 
 11
 
 82 
 
 and that part of Suffolk now the County of Norfolk, 
 was created a new Regiment, under William Stoughton. 
 At the same time, Essex and Middlesex Regiments were 
 divided also. In 1653, he, with Thomas Lake, acting 
 as attornies of David Yale, conveyed the beautiful es- 
 tate late belonging to Gardiner Greene, Esq. said to 
 contain two acres, more or less, and extending to Sud- 
 bury street, to Hezekiah Usher, for the use of Capt. 
 John Wall, of London, mariner. Major Clarke's will 
 was dated May 1680, and proved March 22d, 1682. 
 He was buried, says an old Almanack, March 19th, 
 1683, with military honors. He was Sergeant of the 
 Company, and twice elected Lieutenant, 1639 and 
 1651 ; and twice Captain, in 1653 and 1665. Major 
 John Richards was his executor. His wharf was near 
 Hancock's wharf. Clarke street derives its name from 
 him. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS HAWKINS, Dorchester, afterwards of 
 Boston ; freeman 1639. He was a merchant and ship 
 master. He was a Deputy in 1639, from Dorchester 
 probably ; and in 1644 was colleague Deputy from 
 Boston with Gibbons. He came to this country in the 
 fleet with Winthrop. He was jointly concerned with 
 Gibbons in helping La Tour, and commanded about 70 
 men, who joined in the expedition under him as Com- 
 mander-in-Chief, in 1643, He would not gratify La 
 Tour by breaking neutrality and fighting D'Aulney, but 
 gave leave to his men to volunteer, who burnt his mill 
 and some standing corn, and returned safely to Boston 
 with his ships, bringing 400 moose skins and 400 bea- 
 ver skins. He died abroad, about 1654. He was elect- 
 ed Lieutenant of the Company 1642, again 1643, and 
 Captain 1644 ; being the only instance known of the 
 like in the Company. He was doubtless distinguished 
 for other valuable qualities besides his enterprise. His
 
 83 
 
 inventory, taken July 26th, 1654, speaks of a house, 
 barn, and 180 acres of land at Dorchester, over the 
 water, which I take to be South Boston, valued at 
 257 ; house and land at Boston, 200 ; one half ship 
 Perigrine, in England, 75 the whole inventory, 900. 
 He had a son, Thomas, Ar. Co. 1649. 
 
 MAJ. NEHEMIAH BOURNE, Boston, shipwright ; free- 
 man 1641. He went to England in the winter of 
 1644-5, and was. appointed a Major in Col. Rainsbur- 
 row's Regiment, in the Parliament's service, during the 
 civil wars. He returned to his wife and family in 1645, 
 and again went to England about the end of the year, 
 but came back again and settled here. Previous to 
 procuring this appointment, and probably to ingratiate 
 himself with Cromwell's party, he signed the petition to 
 the General Court, with Sedgwick, Fowle, and others, 
 for the abrogation of the laws against the Anabaptists 
 and tax on new-comers, which were so peremptorily 
 refused by the government of Massachusetts. 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM TING, Boston, merchant ; freeman 
 1638 ; was elected Deputy from Boston, September 
 Court, 1639 ; also for the years 1640, '1, '2, '3, '7 in 
 all, six years ; and Treasurer for the Colony from 
 1640 to 1644. He was Captain of the Military Band 
 in Braintree- where he probably lived when the volun- 
 teer Band was formed first, being at an earlier date at 
 the organization of the Militia, 1644. He was brother 
 of the first Edward Tyng, and his name is so spelt by 
 Farmer, though in many places I find it according as 
 here given from the old roll. He was Ensign of the 
 Company in 1640. He died January 18th, 1653, leav- 
 ing'an estate appraised at 2774 14 4. He was one of 
 the Commissioners from Massachusetts Colony, who es- 
 tablished the confederation of the New England Colo- 
 nies, in 1643. Having gone to England, Richard Russel
 
 34 
 
 was chosen Treasurer in his stead. Savage says, " the 
 titles of several of his books show an estimable curiosity 
 in the possessor." He left no family. His "house, 
 one close, a garden, one great yard, and one little yard 
 before the hall windows, bounded on the street that 
 goes to the dock southwards. This sets him on the 
 tongue of land between Brattle and Washington street, 
 now known as Market Row." Johnson speaks of him, 
 as " being endued by the Lord with a good understand- 
 ing sometime Treasurer of the country." 
 
 RICHARD PARKER, Boston, merchant ; freeman 1641. 
 
 EDWARD BENDALL, Boston, merchant ; freeman 1 634. 
 He had three sons Freegrace, Ar. Co. 1667 ; Reform 
 and Hopefor. The dock where Faneuil Hall now 
 stands, was then used for a cove for shipping, was the 
 seat of the principal mercantile business, and called 
 Bendall's Dock. His brick house was situated near the 
 dock, somewhere between Gibbons and Samuel Cole's 
 tavern probably about where the " bite of Logan" now 
 is, and his warehouse was there. This cove was after- 
 wards called the Town Dock. He was an early mem- 
 ber of Boston Church, being No. 77 ; and it is pre- 
 sumed he came with Winthrop. Administration on his 
 estate was granted May 2d, 1682, to William Phillips, 
 senior, which makes it probable he lived to an advanced 
 age. Great credit is due to him for his successful en- 
 terprise, in 1642, in raising the ship "Mary Rose,* 
 which had been blown up and sunk, with all her ord- 
 nance, ballast, much lead, and other goods." " The 
 Court gave the owners above a year's time to recover 
 her, and*free the harbor, which was much damnified by 
 her ; and they having given her over, and never at- 
 
 *This incident is related by Winthrop, among the multitude of the judgments. 
 It was attributed to the sin of the crew's not leaving the ship on Sunday to attend 
 meeting. She was sunk near the channel, by Charlestown.
 
 85 
 
 tempting to weigh her, Edward Bendall undertook it 
 upon these terms, viz : if he freed the harbor, he should 
 have the whole ; otherwise, he should have half of all 
 he recovered. He made two great tubs, bigger than a 
 butt, very tight, and open at one end, upon which were 
 hanged so many weights as would sink it to the ground, 
 (600 wt.) It was let down, the diver sitting in it, a 
 cord in his hand, to give notice when they should draw 
 him up, and another cord to show when they should re- 
 move it from place to place, so he could continue in his 
 tub near half an hour, and fasten ropes to the ordnance, 
 and put the lead, &c. into a net, or tub. And when the 
 tub was drawn up, one knocked upon the head of it, 
 and thrust a long pole under water, which the diver laid 
 hold of, and so was drawn up by it ; for they might not 
 draw the open end out of water for endangering him, 
 &c." Savage adds, in a note, " If the diving-bell had 
 by ingenious or philosophical men been earlier in- 
 vented, I doubt that no instance of its successful appli- 
 cation can be found before this." 
 
 Bendall also deserves to be remembered for his liber- 
 ality in becoming surety for Stephen Greensmith, as 
 before related. He was one of those disarmed. 
 
 JOHN COGGAN, Boston, merchant; freeman 1653. 
 He set up the first shop in Boston, March 4th, 1633-4, 
 on the lot purchased of Mr. Wilson, the minister, viz : 
 at the northwest corner of State and Washington streets, 
 now owned by Joseph Coolidge, Esq. March 10th, 
 1651, he married Martha, the widow and fourth wife of 
 Gov. Winthrop, and the marriage ceremony was per- 
 formed by Gov. Endicott. This was also her third 
 husband. He died in 1658. He left a good estate, 
 whereof 500 acres of land in Woburn were valued at 
 10. John Coggan was an early donor (1652) to 
 Harvard College.
 
 86 
 
 JOHN GORE, Roxbury ; freeman 1637; died June 
 4th, 1657. The late Gov. Gore is believed to be a de- 
 scendant of this family. 
 
 VALENTINE HILL, Boston ; freeman 1640 ; merchant. 
 He married a daughter of Gov. Eaton, of New Haven. 
 He was Representative from Dover, whither he had re- 
 moved, in 1652 to 5, also 1657. He died in 1662. 
 
 WALTER BLACKBORNE, freeman 1639. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD HUTCHINSON, Boston ; freeman Sep- 
 tember 3d, 1634 son of the famous Mrs. Ann Hutch- 
 inson, and one of those disarmed on her account. He 
 was Deputy from Boston in 1658. He was Lieutenant 
 of the Company, 1654, and Captain 1657. He came 
 over with his parents, in company with Rev. John Cot- 
 ton, or about the same time. His father had lived at 
 Alford, in the neighborhood of Boston, England, and 
 was of good reputation, and had a good estate. His 
 mother, says Mr. Cotton, " was well beloved, and all 
 the faithful embraced her conference, and blessed God 
 for her fruitful discourses ;" but the two great errors she 
 inculcated, and which created such disturbance and 
 persecution, were, " that the Holy Ghost dwells person- 
 ally in a justified person ; and that nothing of sanctifi- 
 cation can help to evidence to believers their justifica- 
 tion." 
 
 He was sent, with Leverett, on an embassy to the 
 Narragansett Indians, in 1642, and commanded a com- 
 pany in the expedition into the Nipmug country, at the 
 commencement of King Philip's war, in 1675, under 
 his brother-in-law Savage, and was wounded in an en- 
 gagement with the Indians, four or five miles from 
 Brookfield, on the 2d of August, and died of his wounds 
 at Marlborough, 19th August, 1675, aged 67. Elisha, 
 his eldest son and administrator on his estate, Ar. Co. 
 1660 also other sons. Thus, he who with his mother
 
 87 
 
 was persecuted, poured out his blood in the service of 
 that uncharitable country. His will appears dated Au- 
 gust 24th, and proved the same month, 1675. I have in 
 vain sought to account for this discrepancy ; the figure 
 2 before 4 may have been improperly copied in the re- 
 cord. His inventory amounted to 745. 
 
 " To his honor, he entered his dissent against the 
 sanguinary law in 1658, for punishing the Quakers with 
 death on their return to the colony after banishment." 
 
 CAPT. JAMES JOHNSON, Boston, glover ; freeman 
 1636. He was a member of the Boston Church, and 
 married a daughter of Elder Thomas Oliver, and had 
 several sons. He was Lieutenant of the Company, 
 1658. 
 
 COL. GEORGE COOKE, Cambridge ; freeman 1636. 
 He was Deputy from Cambridge in 1636, 1642 to '5, 
 and Speaker of the House, October session, 1645. In 
 1636, he was Captain of the first volunteer Train-band 
 in Cambridge, and had William Spencer for his Lieu- 
 tenant. He retained that office at the organization of 
 the Militia, 1644. He commanded the Artillery Com- 
 pany in 1643, and while its Captain was sent by the 
 Court, with Atherton and Edward Johnson and forty 
 soldiers, to Putuxet, near Providence, who arrested 
 Gorton and most of his adherents, and brought them to 
 Boston. Winthrop gives a long detail of the military 
 pomp and ceremony on their return. After some years' 
 residence in New England, he became dissatisfied with 
 America, and returned to his native country. He be- 
 came a Colonel in the Parliament's army, during the 
 civil wars, and served in Ireland. Savage says, " he 
 probably died in Oliver's service." 
 
 MAJ. ELEAZER LUSHER, Dedham ; freeman 1638 ; 
 husbandman. He was elected Representative 1640, 
 and twelve years after; and Assistant 1662, and ten
 
 years following, and died in that office, November 13th, 
 1672. He was Captain of the Military Band in that 
 town, 1644, and succeeded Gen. H. Atherton as Ser- 
 geant-major of the Suffolk Regiment, in 1656, which 
 office he also held at the time of his decease. He was 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1646, and elected Lieutenant 
 1647. Johnson says, " he was one of a nimble and ac- 
 tive spirit, strongly affected to the ways of truth, one 
 of the right stamp, and pure metal, a gracious, humble, 
 and heavenly-minded man." 
 
 Dedham was commenced in settlement, Sept. 1635, 
 but little progress was made till July, 1637, when John 
 Allin, their minister, Lusher and ten others, bringing re- 
 commendations, were at the same time admitted towns- 
 men, and they gave a more decided character to the 
 place than all others. Lusher was one of the founders 
 of the first church there, and long continued one of 
 their chief town officers, "and," says Worthington, 
 * " maintains an eminent rank among the founders of the 
 town,"* " He was a leading man all his life time, and 
 directed all the most important affairs of the town. The 
 full and perfect records which he kept, the proper style 
 of his writings, above all, the peace and success of the 
 plantation, which had the wisdom to employ him, are 
 good evidences of his merit, and that his education had 
 been superior to all other men, (Mr. Allin excepted.) 
 
 " He was an influential and useful member of the 
 House of Deputies. When Charles II. was restored to 
 the English throne, great fears began to be entertained 
 in the colony, that its charter and liberties might be 
 violated by the new administration. In 1660, a large 
 committee was appointed to consider the perilous state 
 of affairs then existing, and advise the General Court in 
 the measures to be adopted. Maj. Lusher was one of 
 
 * Among the most respectable town histories I have met with, is Worthington's 
 History of Dedham.
 
 89 
 
 that committee.* He was one of the commissioners, 
 with Danforth and John Leverett, to repair to Dover to 
 allay the discontent and settle differences, which event- 
 uated in success. 
 
 His death is noticed in the church records, as quoted 
 in Dexter's Century Sermon, thus: " Maj. Eleazer 
 Lusher, a man sound in the faith, of great holiness and 
 heavenly mindedness, who was of the first foundation of 
 this church, and had been of great use (as in the Com- 
 monwealth, so in the church,) especially after the death 
 of the reverend pastor thereof, (Allin,) departed this life 
 Nov. 13th, 1672." It seems he gained the name of 
 " nimble-footed Captain." " The following saying was 
 repeated frequently, by the generation which immedi- 
 ately succeeded Lusher. 
 
 ' When Lasher was in office, all things went well ; 
 But how they go since, it shames us to tell.' " 
 
 This applied particularly to town affairs, especially 
 schools, which greatly degenerated. His will was dated 
 Sept. 20th, 1672, and proved Jan. 28th, 1672-3. .He 
 was a large landholder, but his inventory I have not 
 found. His widow died soon after, for her inventory 
 appears Feb. 6th, 1672-3, 507 1911. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD SPRAGUE, Charlestown, freeman 1631, 
 came to Salem, New England, with Gov. Endicott, in 
 1628, and had removed to Charlestown and com- 
 menced the settlement there previous to the arrival of 
 Gov. Winthrop and his associates, in the fleet. He was 
 a Captain of the Charlestown band, and elected Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. in 1659, and Lieutenant in 1665, and 
 represented Charlestown as Deputy in 1 644 and 1 659 
 to 1666. He died Nov. 25th, 1668. The descendants 
 of the Sprague family are found in various towns in 
 Plymouth County and in Rhode Island, and a genealogy 
 
 * Notice of this is found under Edward Johnson, ante. 
 12
 
 90 
 
 of them was published by one of them, Hosea Sprague, 
 of Hingham, in 1828. The Hon. Peleg Sprague is a 
 descendant. By his last will he gave to Harvard College 
 
 J 
 
 32 ewe sheep, with their lambs, valued at 30. This 
 was one of the earliest donations to that " school of the 
 Prophets." 
 
 LIEUT. RALPH SPRAGUE, Charlestown, freeman 1631, 
 a brother of Richard, and accompanied him to this 
 country, and went with him to settle Charlestown in 
 1629. He was the first person chosen to the office of 
 constable at Charlestown, 1630. He was also a military 
 officer there. He represented that town as Deputy, 
 1635 and afterwards, in the whole, nine years, and was 
 a Deputy when the charter was granted. 
 
 SAMUEL HALL, Maiden. He is probably the one who, 
 with Oldham and others, in 1633, travelled westward 
 and first discovered Connecticut, or, as it was then 
 called, "the Fresh River," and died at Maiden, 1680. 
 He was undoubtedly the ancestor of the Halls in Bos- 
 ton, Medford and vicinity. 
 
 CAPT. ABRAHAM PALMER, Charlestown, freeman 1631. 
 He was Deputy from Charlestown at the first General 
 Court, in 1634 and four years afterwards, and conse- 
 quently when the charter was granted. He was a mili- 
 tary man, for in the addenda of Winthrop, under date 
 of 4 mo. 18th, 1636, " We granted Mr. Palmer a demi- 
 culverin in exchange for a sacre, of Mr. Walton's, which 
 was ready mounted at Castle Island, being, by the opin- 
 ion of Mr. Pierce and some others, better for us than 
 the demi-culverin. We had 100 wt. of shot, and some 
 wires and sponges into the bargain." He is probably 
 the last person who appears as signer of the instructions 
 to Gov. Endicott, dated London, May 30th, 1628, and 
 in one place I think is named as an Assistant, chosen in 
 England. I have also met with the title of Capt. as ap-
 
 91 
 
 plied to one of that name, presuming it must have been 
 his title in England. 
 
 JAMES BROWNE, Charlestown, freeman, 1634. 
 
 We have thus arrived at the close of the year 1638, 
 during which fifty-eight persons became members. The 
 names of the clergymen who preached the Court and 
 Artillery election sermons are not preserved, but as it 
 has been almost invariably the custom for the Com- 
 mander to nominate the clergyman of his own parish, 
 some classmate or college friend, or the clergyman of 
 his native town, under whose ministry he was educated, 
 I conclude Keayne nominated his own minister and 
 brother-in-law, the pious John Wilson, first minister of 
 Boston. 
 
 1639. 
 
 MAJ. ROBERT THOMPSON, Boston. He was an inhab- 
 itant of Boston sometime, and his name appears fre- 
 quently in ancient records, in connexion with grants of 
 lands. In spelling his name I find the p often omitted. 
 His military title was undoubtedly gained in England. 
 He, with Willoughby, was an overseer and trustee of 
 the famous will of Edward Hopkins. 
 
 COL. RAINSBURROW, Boston, 1639. This name 
 
 I find spelt variously. There is no Christian name on 
 the old roll. He was a relative of Gov. Winthrop. He 
 returned to England and was appointed to be Captain 
 of a troop of horse, intended for Ireland, and also Gov- 
 ernor of Worcester. He was highly favored by Crom- 
 well, and was Colonel of a regiment in the parliament's 
 service, with Israel Stoughton as Lieut. Colonel, Nehe- 
 miah Bourne as Major, John Leverett as Captain, and 
 William Hudson as Ensign, all of the Massachusetts 
 Colony, and members of this Company, as officers un-
 
 92 
 
 der him. Lord Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, 
 p. 3219, gives an account of his death in 1648. 
 
 ROBERT CHILD, Boston, physician. On the old roll 
 nothing appears except a surname, not very legible, 
 which 1 called Chidley, in the first edition, and subse- 
 quently supposed it might be Maj. John Child, but I 
 cannot be certain he ever came to this country. After 
 reviewing the old roll, I think I may read it Chidle, 
 and, with strong probability of now being correct, have 
 adopted the name of the famous Dr. Robert Child, the 
 only name I can find that at all corresponds. If it was 
 him, he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from 
 Padua, came twice to New England, and gave consid- 
 erable disturbance to the government. He is spoken of 
 as a young man, and might be one of the petitioners 
 for the grant of Lancaster, 1 644. This Dr. Child was 
 greatly persecuted by the colonial government for pre- 
 suming to petition parliament, was fined and confined 
 more than once, and his study broken open and papers 
 taken away, every hindrance placed in his way to pre- 
 vent his going to England to present his petition but 
 at last he presented it, but was unsuccessful. He proba- 
 bly died in England. Winthrop gives a long account 
 of his case. Farmer inserts the name John Chidley, 
 upon my suggestion. When he signed the famous pe- 
 tition, 1646, Winthrop gives his name Childe. 
 
 MAJ. GEN, SIR JOHN LEVERETT, Boston, merchant, 
 freeman 1640. He was son of Elder Thomas Leverett, 
 and came with his father to New England at the same 
 time with Rev. Mr. Cotton, and was admitted to the 
 Boston Church July 14th, 1639. He was Clerk of the 
 Ar. Co. several years, Sergeant, elected Lieutenant 1648, 
 and Commander three times, viz. 1652, 1663 and 1670. 
 We find him first mentioned on the roll and list of offi- 
 cers with the title of Lieut., then Capt., &c. probably
 
 93 
 
 in the militia. In 1663 he was elected Maj. General of 
 the Colony, and again, in 1666, successor of Gen. Den- 
 nison. 
 
 He seems to have spent most of his life in the service 
 of the colony, for he was chosen Deputy from Boston, 
 1651, '2 and '3 again 1663, '4 and '5, and was Speaker 
 of the House part of the year 1651, also in 1663 and 
 1664, as Farmer says. In 1665 he was chosen from 
 the House of Deputies to be an Assistant, and continued 
 elected to 1670. He was chosen Deputy Governor 
 1671 and- 1672, and Governor 1673 to 1678, and died 
 in that office, March 16th, 1679. He went to England 
 in 1644-5, and was appointed a Captain in Rainsbur- 
 row's regiment, but returned to Boston. He received 
 the order of Knighthood from Charles II. in 1676. He 
 suppressed that title, or the knowledge of it, during life, 
 his previous republican employments and the genius of 
 our colonial government made him wisely conceal it. 
 He was in England at the restoration, advocating the 
 interest of the colony, which may have made his talents 
 and influence known to the king, who afterwards hon- 
 ored him, when in his highest colonial dignity. 
 
 He was one of the four persons, 1664, to whom the 
 patent or first charter was delivered by the General 
 Court, to be kept safe and secret, together with a dupli- 
 cate, who were directed to dispose of them as might be 
 most safe for the country. Gov. Bellingham was one 
 of them, Capt. Thomas Clark and Capt. Edward John- 
 son, both members, the other two. 
 
 His son Hudson, Ar. Co. 1656, and grandson Hon. 
 John, Ar. Co. 1704, and several of his descendants, 
 have been members. His will and codicil are dated 
 March 15th, 1678-9, wherein he names his grandson 
 John, to be brought up in learning. His son Hudson, 
 the father of John, had a double portion. He left six 
 daughters, and had a very large landed estate. His
 
 94 
 
 mansion house, during the life of his father, was at the 
 south-east corner of Court Street, and his father's, 
 which he afterwards occupied, with a garden on the 
 east side of where the old or first meeting house stood, 
 had State Street on the north, and the marsh of Mr. 
 Winthrop on the south. That part of Congress Street 
 north of Water Street was long called Leverett's Lane 
 or Street, in remembrance of father and son. The dis- 
 order of which he died was the stone, as appears by an 
 interleaved Almanack of that year. His picture, in 
 military costume of that day, his sword, collar, gloves, 
 &c. are preserved in the Essex Historical Library, at 
 Salem. 
 
 " The Governor, under the old charter," says Hutch- 
 inson, " although he carried great porte, (so does the 
 Doge of Venice,) yet his share in the administration 
 was little more than any one of the Assistants. The 
 weighty affairs of the war, and the agency, during his 
 administration, conducted with prudence and steadiness, 
 caused him to be greatly respected." His funeral was 
 splendid, as appears by the order of procession, and not 
 unlike that of royalty in England. 
 
 He was sent, with Edward Hutchinson, on an em- 
 bassy to Miantonomoh, Sachem of the Narragansetts, 
 in 1642. He also had a military command under Sedg- 
 wick, in expelling the French from Penobscot, in 1654. 
 He was one of the Commissioners to repair to Dover, 
 in company with Lusher and Danforth. He wore long 
 hair, but is the first Governor that is painted without a 
 long beard. He laid it aside in Cromwell's court. 
 Harvard College Records, 3d mo. 10th day, 1649, con- 
 tains the paper drawn up by the Governor and magis- 
 trates, against "longhair," the following is the pre- 
 amble : " Forasmuch as the wearing of long hair, after ' 
 the manner of ruffians and barbarous Indians, has 
 begun to invade New England, contrary to the rule of
 
 95 
 
 God's word, which says it is a shame for a man to wear 
 long hair, as also the commendable custom generally 
 of all the godly of our nation, until within these few 
 years ; &,c. &.c." 
 
 " Order of march at the funeral of Gov. Leverett, who died 16th 
 March, 1678, and was buried the first day of the next year, 25th 
 March, 1679 : 
 
 Mr. John Joyliff, Mr. James Whitcomb, Mr. William Tailer, 
 Mr. Ricljard Middlecot to carry each a Banner Roll at the four 
 corners of the Hearse. 
 
 To march next before the Hearse, as followeth : 
 
 Mr. Samuel Shrimpton, or in his absence, Capt. Clap to carry 
 the Helmet. 
 
 Mr. John Fairweather to carry the Gorget. 
 
 Mr. E. Hutchinson Brest. Mr. Charles Lidget Back. 
 
 Mr. Sampson Sheafe one tace. Mr. John Pinchon one tace. 
 Mr. Dummer, in case. 
 
 Capt. Nich. Page one Gauntlet. Capt. J. Carwin one Gauntlet. 
 
 Lt. Edw. Willys the Target. Capt. Ed\v. Tyng the Sword. 
 
 Mr. Hezekiah Usher one Spur. Mr. Peter Sargeant one Spur. 
 
 Capt. William Gerrish, to lead the Hearse per the Racis and 
 Return Waite (as Groom) per the headstall. 
 
 Mr. Lynde, Mr. Saffin, Mr. Rock, N. Green to carry Banners 
 mixt with the Banner Roles above." 
 
 His concern in trade with Gibbons, wherein several 
 ships and cargoes were lost, must have been consider- 
 able ; but he was a secret partner in one ship only ; 
 they lost above 2000. He was also appointed one of 
 the Commissioners to the Dutch Governor of New 
 York, (Stuyvesant,) and commander of the forces con- 
 templated to be raised in case of war with them, in 
 1653. He was a Captain of a troop of horse in Crom- 
 well's service, in 1656. 
 
 MIDDLEWAITE. This name is almost unintelli- 
 gible on the old roll. I think it should be John Mussel- 
 white. If it was, then he was of Newbury, 1635 ; came 
 from Beaverstock, in Wiltshire ; was admitted free-
 
 96 
 
 man 1639, and died January 30th, 1670. This name, 
 written Mussettwhit in the Colony records, and Mussil- 
 loway in the Newbury records, has now become Sil- 
 oivay, and is thus spelled by his descendants, who are in 
 the vicinity of Newbury.* 
 
 BRIDEMORE. This name is also unintelligible, 
 
 nothing appearing but a badly written surname. I 
 think it was Capt. Sebastian Bridgham, of Rowley, who 
 lived in 1636 at Cambridge, and was Captain, of the 
 Rowley Band in 1644, and Representative in 1646 and 
 1647. Johnson speaks of such a man. 
 
 ROBERT SAMPSON. The Christian name is adopted 
 on slight evidence. 
 
 THOMAS OWEN, Boston, in 16^1. It appears he es- 
 caped from Boston prison in 1641, " where he had been 
 put for notorious suspicion of adultery." He was sen- 
 tenced " at a Quarter Court at Boston, 7th of 7th mo. 
 1641, for his adulterous practices, (and) was as censured 
 to be sent to the gallows with a rope about his neck, 
 and to sit upon the ladder an hour, the rope's end 
 thrown over the gallows, and so to return to prison." 
 Sarah Hale, wife of William Hale, his paramour, was 
 sentenced to the like, and after to be banished. Sev- 
 eral men and women, who were concerned in his es- 
 cape to Noddle's Island, especially Maverick, were 
 severely fined. Owen also was fined 20, and if not 
 paid in a week, to be severely whipped. Among other 
 things, Hale, the husband, was admonished to take heed 
 of the like concealment. Seven of the persons concern- 
 ed have the title or prefix of respect. This suspicion 
 must therefore have originated among the better sort of 
 people. 
 
 ENSIGN FRANCIS WILLOUGHBY, Charlestown; freeman 
 
 ?">* 
 
 * Coffin.
 
 97 
 
 1640. He was Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1643. He was 
 Deputy from Charlestown 1642, 1646 and 1649. Cho- 
 sen an Assistant 1650, 1651, 1664; elected Deputy 
 Governor 1665 to 1671, and died while holding that 
 office, April 4th, 1671 leaving a wife, Margaret, who 
 after married Capt. Lawrence Hammond, (Ar. Co. 
 1666,) and she died February 2d, 1683. He left sev- 
 eral children, according to Farmer, and a large estate 
 for those times, being 4050 5 4. Willoughby favored 
 the Anabaptists, for Leverett is said to have succeeded 
 him, on account of his liberality in religious matters, 
 especially his opposition to the persecutions of the Bap- 
 tists, which toleration in those days rendered him un- 
 popular. He had the prefix of respect when admitted 
 freeman. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN ALLEN, Charlestown ; freeman June 2d, 
 1641 ; Representative 1668. He had the prefix of 
 respect. 
 
 CAPT. WALTER HAINES, Sudbury; freeman 1640 
 in the former edition Andrew Harris. There is no 
 Christian name on the old roll, and the surname will 
 much better read Haines, although very badly written. 
 The name is spelt by Farmer Haynes, which is the most 
 correct ; yet I have endeavored to adhere as nearly as 
 possible to our original roll. Walter Haynes was free- 
 man 1640, and Representative 1641, 1644, 1648, 1651 ; 
 one of the Selectmen of Sudbury ten years, and died 
 February 14th, 1665. 
 
 ANTHONY STODDARD, ESQ. Boston, 1639; admitted 
 freeman 1640. He married, for his second wife, Bar- 
 bary, widow of Capt. Joseph Weld, and she dying be- 
 fore him, he had a third wife, and a large family of 
 children. Many of his descendants have been celebrat- 
 ed Ministers in New England. He was Representative 
 from Boston in 1650, also in 1659, 1660 and 1666, and 
 
 ]3
 
 98 
 
 eighteen successive years afterwards. He was a linen 
 draper by occupation, and allowed to become a towns- 
 man August 26th, 1639, and 27th of January following 
 100 acres of land was granted him at Mount Wollaston. 
 He was admitted to the freeman's oath May 13th, 1640. 
 On 18th March, 1649-50, he was chosen Recorder of 
 Boston. He being a Constable of Boston, 1641, was 
 required to take a person into custody at one of the 
 Courts in Boston till the afternoon, " and said withal to 
 the Governor Sir, I have come to observe what you 
 did ; that if you should proceed with a brother otherwise 
 than you ought, I might deal with you in a church way. 
 For this insolent behavior he was committed, but being 
 dealt with by the elders and others, he came to see his 
 error, which was, that he did consider that the magis- 
 trate ought not to deal with a member of the church 
 before the church had proceeded with him. So, the 
 next Lord's day, in the open assembly, he did freely 
 and very affectionately confess his error, and his con- 
 tempt of authority ; and being bound to appear at the 
 next court, he did the like there to the satisfaction of 
 all. Yet, for example's sake, he was fined 20 shillings, 
 which, though some of the magistrates would have had 
 it much less, or rather remitted, seeing his clear repent- 
 ance and satisfaction in public, left no poison or danger 
 in his example, nor had the Commonwealth or any per- 
 son sustained danger by it." 
 
 THOMAS FOWLE, Boston, merchant. His estate was 
 a house and garden on Washington street, five estates 
 north of Griffith Bowen's, at the north corner of Essex 
 street. He removed to Braintree, and had children 
 born in Boston and there. He figures as a man of 
 much notoriety in Winthrop, having, on account of his 
 liberal sentiments, been a constant thorn to the civil 
 and ecclesiastical rulers of the colony. The first that I
 
 99 
 
 find of him is, that he was owner of the ship attached 
 when Weld and Stephen Winthrop were arrested in 
 England, as before recited. In 1646, he, with Doct. 
 Childe, John Smith, David Yale, petitioned to Parlia- 
 ment, complaining of the distinctions in civil and church 
 estate here, and that they might be governed by the 
 laws of England ; this petition, that they " as free born 
 subjects of England, were denied the liberty of subjects, 
 both in church and commonwealth, themselves and their 
 children debarred from the seals of the covenant, ex- 
 cept they would submit to such a way of entrance and 
 church covenant, as their consciences would not admit, 
 and take such a civil oath, as would not stand with 
 their oath of allegiance, or else they must be debarred 
 of all power and interest in civil affairs, and were sub- 
 jected to an arbitrary government, and extra-judicial 
 proceedings, &c." Fovvle and Doct. Childe do not 
 appear to have ever taken the freeman's oath, and this 
 may account for the fact. A similar petition was pre- 
 sented to the General Court, but the consideration 
 thereof, as well as a law to permit non-freemen to 
 vote,"* were deferred to another session. Fowle also, 
 with Sedgwick and others, petitioned for the abrogation 
 of the laws against Anabaptists and the tax on new- 
 comers, which was unsuccessful. 
 
 On the eve of his departure for England, after having 
 been fined and imprisoned for the above petition, he was 
 stayed again at the Governor's warrant, (Winthrop) as 
 also Doct. Childe, said " to be the chief speaker" who 
 said " they did beneath themselves in petitioning us," 
 and appealed to England. The hearing was continued 
 with much spirit and acrimony. " In conclusion, Fowle 
 and one Smith were committed to the Marshal for want 
 of sureties, and the rest were enjoined to attend the 
 
 * None were allowed to be freemen but church members of the orthodox sect, 
 and none but freemen to vote, or eligible to office.
 
 100 
 
 Court when they should be called. So they were dis- 
 missed, and Mr. Fowle, &c. found sureties before 
 night." The trial proceeded, and in the subsequent 
 pages of Winthrop we may find the long contested ar- 
 gument, pro and con. Childe was fined fifty pounds, 
 and Fowle forty pounds, " for persisting thus obstinately 
 and proudly in their evil practice." They were offered 
 to have their fines remitted, if they would but acknowl- 
 edge their fault ; but they remained obstinate. Their 
 appeal was received, but refused acceptance, and not 
 permitted to be read to the court. " Surprise," says 
 Savage, " almost equals our indignation at this exorbi- 
 tant imposition ; for in this very year Fowle was asso- 
 ciated with Winthrop as one of the Selectmen of Boston. 
 All these petitioners, but Maverick, left the country, 1 
 believe." 
 
 In 1648, Fowle is spoken of (by Winthrop) thus: 
 " For God had brought him very low, both in his estate 
 and reputation, since he joined in the first petition."* 
 There is no reason, as Winthrop thinks, to attribute this 
 to a judgment of God ; it is far more easy to account 
 for his becoming poor by losses at sea, heavy fines, im- 
 prisonment, delays, expenses, &c. 
 
 THOMAS COYTMORE, Charlestown; freeman 1640; 
 Representative 1640 and 1641 ; died on the coast of 
 Wales, December 27th, 1645. Martha, his widow, mar- 
 ried Gov. Winthrop. In the former edition, I supplied 
 the Christian name wanting on the old roll, by inserting 
 Isaac, from the circumstance of Isaac's having been ap- 
 pointed by the town of Boston " to see to the carriages 
 and wheels of the Great Artillery, &c." The name is 
 spelt Coitmore on the old roll. 
 
 SAMUEL BENNET, Lynn, carpenter. A pine forest, in 
 the northern part of the town, still retains the name of 
 
 * See Boston Records.
 
 101 
 
 
 
 Bennet's Swamp. . He resided in the western part of 
 Saugus, and when the towns were divided, the line 
 passed through his land, eastward of his house, so that 
 afterwards he was called an inhabitant of Boston.* He 
 was indicted at the Quarterly Court at Salem, July 5th, 
 1645, "for saying, in a scornful manner, he neither 
 cared for the town, nor any order the town could make." 
 He was a workman in the iron works', and had to prose- 
 cute for his wages, which were large. 
 
 CAPT. HERBERT PELHAM, Cambridge. He came to 
 New England 1639 ; was admitted freeman 1645 ; elect- 
 ed an Assistant 1645, when Stoughton went to England, 
 and continued in that office five years, and probably re- 
 turned to England in 1649, as after that he was left out 
 of the Board of Assistants. 
 
 Johnson styles him " a man of courteous behaviour, 
 humble and heavenly minded." He was probably bred 
 a lawyer in England, and was one of the original cor- 
 poration of the Society for the propagation of the Gos- 
 pel among the Indians, and one of its chief founders. f 
 He was of the same family with the Duke of Newcastle, 
 and probably was Captain of the first volunteer train 
 band in Sudbury. " He was the first Treasurer of Har- 
 vard College, appointed by the government before the 
 charter," says Savage. " He had been of the Com- 
 pany in England, 1629," Hubbard, 122, and in the 
 common stock of the colony advanced 100. He came 
 over in 1639, and had his house burnt down at Cam- 
 bridge 1640, from which he and his family narrowly 
 escaped. Winthrop calls the discovery by a neighbor's 
 wife, who heard her hens at midnight make a noise, 
 
 *See Lewis's History of Lynn, 25. 
 
 tThis Society was incorporated by act of Parliament, 1649. Herbert Pelham 
 and Maj. Robert Thompson, Ar. Co. 1639, were two of the original sixteen Se,Ject- 
 men, or Directors of that institution.
 
 102 
 
 and awaked her husband, a special providence of God. 
 In his journal he has another singular providence or 
 judgment related immediately after, which, although in 
 no way applying to Pelham, is here given to show his 
 aversion to the Episcopalians. The Episcopalians were 
 as much persecuted as any class of Christians in the 
 early part of New England History, and in Massachu- 
 setts continued neglected as regards all office or influ- 
 ence. Randolph's letters afterwards complain of their 
 being neglected in the administration of affairs. They 
 seem to have made their way, amidst the confusion of 
 tongues, to the elevated standing they now hold in the 
 community and nation, without effort. A learned Con- 
 gregational divine, of modern days, and he was orthodox 
 and catholic, too, in spirit, once said in my hearing 
 " The Church of England is the ark of safety r after 
 all the bulwark of protestantism." 
 
 " About this time there fell out a thing worthy of observation. 
 Mr. Winthrop, the younger, one of the magistrates, having many 
 books in a chamber where there was corn of divers sorts, had among 
 them one wherein the Greek Testament, the Psalms and the Common 
 Prayer, were bound together. He found the Common Prayer eaten 
 with mice, every leaf of it, and not any of the two others touched, 
 nor any other of his books, though there were above a thousand." 
 Then he adds, " quere, of the child at Cambridge, killed by a cat." 
 Savage, in a note, observes : " It is apparently introduced as a point- 
 ing from Heaven against the service of the Episcopal Church, but 
 is susceptible of an harmless explanation; the mice, not liking 
 psalmody, and not understanding Greek, took their food from an- 
 other part of the volume. Our age will believe that the book, which 
 alone was injured among a thousand, was fortuitously attacked by 
 these humble mischief makers. The succeeding paragraph, omitted 
 by the former editor, is nearly of equal value, whether true or not. 
 If the cat had been in Winthrop's library, she might have prevented 
 the stigma on the Common Prayer."* 
 
 *I recently discovered a volume of pamphlets, wherein the 4th of July Oration, 
 in Boston, by the Hon. Harrison Gray Otis, was bound, and had been served in 
 the tame way. I attributed to the mice, in that case, a very high degree of taste ; 
 or that, being connoiseure, they, approved highly of the orator and matter.
 
 103 
 
 Pelham was one of the Massachusetts Commissioners 
 of the United New England Colonies, in 1646. After 
 his return -to England he might have again visited this 
 country, if the following extract from the Boston News 
 Letter, printed August 19th, 1826, be true. It says, 
 " this gentleman was one of the early settlers in Cam- 
 bridge, prior to 1660, and a large proprietor to the first 
 division of the lands there, in 1665. A few acres of it 
 were recently called Pelham's Island. Subsequently he 
 made larger purchases of real estate, and permitted the 
 poorer people to cut off the original growth of timber 
 on 100 acres of it. He must have been considered as 
 holding high rank in society ; for his son Edward, who 
 graduated at college in 1673, was placed at the head of 
 his class ; and this same son inherited all his estate in 
 the then Colony of Massachusetts. He returned to Eng- 
 land before 1672, for his will was dated in January of 
 that year, at Ferrer's, in Brewer's Hamlet, in the county 
 of Essex, where he died. His will was proved at Lon- 
 don, in March, 1676. Some of his posterity are citizens 
 of the United States, at this day." 
 
 HENRY SALTONSTALL, physician, son of Sir Richard, 
 graduated at Harvard College in 1642, and must of 
 course have been a member of the Ar. Co. before he 
 entered, or while a student there. He went to England, 
 and thence to Holland, in 1644, received the degree of 
 M. D. from the University at Padua, in Italy, October, 
 1649, and a degree at Oxford, England, June 24th, 
 1652. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD BRACKET, Boston, freeman 1636. He 
 was dismissed from Boston Church to Braintree, 1642, 
 and ordained Deacon, July 21st, 1642. He was the 
 third Captain of the militia in Braintree, and Town 
 Clerk many years. He died March 3d, 1691, aged 80. 
 
 ROBERT LONG, Charlestown, freeman 1635.
 
 104 
 
 JOHN GREEN, Charlestown, freeman 1642, was born 
 in London, and came to New England 1632. He was 
 an elder of the church, and died April 22d, 1658. See 
 Alden's Collection of Epitaphs. 2 Coll. Hist. Soc. II. 
 179. His son Jacob, Ar. Co. 1650. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD DAVENPORT, arrived at Salem with 
 Gov. Endicott, in September, 1628, where he resided 
 until 1 642. He was born 1 606, and was Deputy from 
 Salem in 1637. He was admitted freeman 1634, and 
 was with Underbill, Turner, and Jennison, as an En- 
 sign in Endicott's expedition against the Indians, to 
 revenge Oldham's murder. In 1636 we find him Lieu- 
 tenant of the first volunteer train band, in Ipswich, un- 
 der Dennison, where it is probable he resided a short 
 time. He was a military man of distinction, in the first 
 settlement of the colony, and was engaged in many 
 enterprises* against the Indians, yet he never held any 
 office in the Ar. Co. higher than Sergeant, probably 
 because of his absence on duty. 
 
 The first settlers in and near Boston, for their de- 
 fence, built a fort, (afterwards called Castle William, 
 now Fort Independence,) with mud walls, which stood 
 some years. This was in July, 1634. Capt. Nicolas 
 Simpkins, Ar. Co. 1650, was the first Commander, and 
 then a Lieut. Monish (Lieut. Richard Morris) for a 
 short time. The mud walls having gone to decay, it 
 was rebuilt with pine trees and earth, under the super- 
 intendence of Capt. Davenport, who was appointed to 
 command it. When that decayed, which was within a 
 little time, there was a small castle built with brick 
 walls, which had three rooms in it a dwelling room 
 below, a lodging room over it, the gun room over that, 
 wherein were six guns, called sacker guns, and over it 
 
 * He was wounded in the sanguinary battle with the Pequods, 1737, under 
 Underbill.
 
 105 
 
 upon the top three lesser guns : thus it remained July 
 15th, 1665, when it is related of Davenport, that, weary 
 of severe duty, he slept in a room separated from the 
 powder magazine by a thin board partition, and while 
 asleep was killed by a flash of lightning, no material 
 damage being done to the building. 
 
 1640. 
 LAWRENCE LITCHFIELD, Scituate, in 1646. 
 
 DAVID YALE, Boston ; freeman 1640. He was de- 
 scended from an ancient and wealthy family in Wales. 
 He had sons born in Boston, where he resided as late 
 as 1651. He was brother of Thomas Yale, the founder 
 of Yale College. He was a merchant. Savage says, 
 " he was probably driven from Massachusetts by the in- 
 tolerance of the age, for his estate here was sold by his 
 attorneys." This estate was where the elegant mansion 
 and garden of Gardiner Greene, Esq. now stands, and 
 extended east as far as Sudbury street. Thomas Clarke 
 and Thomas Lake, Boston merchants, were his attor- 
 neys. He is frequently mentioned by Winthrop. 
 
 COURTNEY. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM HUDSON, Boston ; freeman 1640. 
 He was born 1619, says Farmer of course was only 
 twenty-one years of age when freeman, and member of 
 Ar. Co. the youngest man who had then joined. The 
 first heard of him is, that he left his wife and family and 
 went to England, in the winter of 1 645-6, and was ap- 
 pointed an Ensign in Rainsburrow's regiment, in the 
 Parliament service ; but he, like Leverett anti Bourne, 
 became sick of Oliver's service, and returned home to 
 his family. (Leverett was his Captain.) His return 
 may have been expedited by the circumstance of " a 
 sad business which fell out this year (1645) in Boston. 
 One (Hudson) of the brethren of the church there, be-
 
 106 
 
 ing in England, in the Parliament service, about two 
 years, had committed the care of his family and business 
 to another of the same church, (a young man of good es- 
 teem for piety and sincerity, but his wife was in England,) 
 who in time grew over familiar with his master's wife, 
 (a young woman no member of the church." Being 
 caught in her chamber, under suspicious circumstances, 
 they were both tried for their lives. The jury acquitted 
 of adultery, then punishable with death, but convicted 
 of adulterous behavior. This was sorely against the 
 will and wishes of the church and state, both elders and 
 magistrates. But the legal or technical distinction, that 
 it required two witnesses to convict, probably acquitted. 
 They were sentenced to sit on the gallows, with a rope 
 round their necks, an hour, and then to be whipped, 
 and pay 20 fine, each. " The husband (although he 
 condemned his wife's immodest behavior, yet) was so 
 confident of her innocency in point of adultery, as he 
 would have paid 20 rather than she should have been 
 whipped; but their estate being but mean, she chose 
 rather to submit to the rest of her punishment, than that 
 her husband should suffer so much for her folly. So he 
 received her again, and they lived lovingly together." 
 
 Hudson may be the person called Hodson in the list 
 of those intending to come over with Winthrop. Snow, 
 in his History of Boston, says : " The wardrobe of Mrs. 
 Hudson exhibited as many articles of finery as usually 
 deck a modern toilet." 
 
 He was appointed afterward a commissioner to King 
 Philip, at Taunton, in 1670, in company with William 
 Davis and Thomas Brattle. He was elected Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1653, 1656, and 1660, and Captain 1661. 
 Administration on his estate was granted September 9th, 
 1681, to Col. S. Shrimpton. There is a very ancient, 
 grave-stone of " Capt. William Hutson," to be found in
 
 107 
 
 the Chapel burial-ground, whereon nothing is legible, 
 excepting that he died aged sixty. 
 
 RALPH ORY. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. JOHN HUMFREY. Spelt erroneously Hum- 
 phrey in the former edition. He was chosen Deputy 
 Governor of the Massachusetts Company at their second 
 meeting in England, but did not come to New England 
 till 1634,* and was chosen an Assistant from 1632 to 
 1641, and consequently was an Assistant when the 
 charter was granted. He was bred a lawyer, in Eng- 
 land, and married the Lady Susan, daughter of the Earl 
 of Lincoln, and they with their six children went to re- 
 side on their farm at Lynn, at a place called Swamp- 
 scot, which was laid out by order of court in 1632. It 
 contained 500 acres. The bounds extended a mile from 
 the seaside, and run to a great white oak by the rock, 
 and included a spring south of the oak, and lay between 
 Forest river and the cliff. Lewis says the venerable 
 white oak is still standing, and gives a description in 
 poetry. He was admitted a member of the Salem 
 Church, January 16th, 1638. Mr. Humfrey immedi- 
 ately entered on the duties of an Assistant, having 
 been chosen before his arrival ; and soon after built a 
 wind-mill on Sagamore Hill. 
 
 He was one of the six of the original purchasers of 
 the Massachusetts, March 1 9th, 1 627, from the Council 
 of Plymouth. A Royal Charter was necessary. This 
 passed the seals, March 4th, 1628. The annual elec- 
 tion of officers by charter being the last Wednesday in 
 Easter Term, on the 13th of May, 1628, they chose 
 their Governor, Deputy Governor and Assistants, among 
 whom was Mr. Humfrey, being the fifth named. En- 
 
 * It seems he contemplated coming in the fleet with Winthrop, for his name is 
 second in the second column of emigrants intending to come over, ad appears in 
 the Addenda to Savage's edition.
 
 108 
 
 dicott was immediately dispatched, who was appointed 
 their Governor in the plantation, and arrived the same 
 year at Salem. His instructions are dated London, 
 May 30th, 1628, and Humfrey's name, among others, 
 is signed thereto. In 1641, the General Court made 
 him a grant of 250, probably in consequence of his 
 having had his house, barn, corn, hay, &c. burnt, 1640, 
 by the carelessness of one of his servants, and blowing 
 up of gunpowder. The servant was severely punished, 
 being doomed to serve his master, without wages, 21 
 years. VVinthrop seems to attribute this disaster to a 
 remarkable providence, because Humfrey was inclined 
 to go to Providence Isle for the Lords of Trade. He 
 was extremely unfortunate in his family after he went 
 back to England. 
 
 "2dof 4th mo. 1641. At this General Court, or 
 Court of Elections, it was ordered that John Humfrey, 
 Esq. be Sergeant-major General." He was therefore 
 the first person who held that office ; and none other is 
 mentioned until the organization of the Militia, in 1644, 
 when the venerable and much honored Thomas Dudley 
 was chosen to that office by the Legislature. He was 
 appointed, with Capt. Nathaniel Turner, in 1636, to 
 lay out the bounds of Ipswich. His eldest son, John, 
 joined the Ar. Co. 1641. He was not a church mem- 
 ber, and is the only exception of any person made a 
 freeman or holding office who was not. 
 
 Lewis, in his History of Lynn, has drawn the outlines 
 of his character so well, that, with small abridgement, 
 it is here inserted : 
 
 " Mr. Humfrey was a native of Dorchester, in Dorsetshire, Eng- 
 land, a lawyer, and man of considerable wealth and good reputation. 
 He was one of the most influential in promoting the settlement of the 
 colony, and the people of Massachusetts will ever regard him as one 
 of their earliest and most efficient benefactors. He was one of the 
 original patentees of the colony, and the Treasurer of the Company
 
 109 
 
 at Plymouth, in England ; and by his exertions many donations were 
 obtained, and many persons, among whom were some of the minis- 
 ters, were induced to emigrate. Such was the respect in which he 
 was held, that when the formulary for the constituting of free- 
 men was in debate, an exception was made in favor of c the old 
 planters,' and ' Mr. Humfrey.' In discharging the duties of an As- 
 sistant in the General Government, he devoted his time and energies 
 for seven years to the service of the State, and seems not to have 
 been surpassed in devotedness to her welfare. But with all his 
 honors and possessions, a shade of dissatisfaction had spread itself 
 over his prospects, which his numerous misfortunes contributed to 
 darken. The disappointment of the Bahamas must have been se- 
 verely felt, by a mind so ambitious of honor as his appears to have 
 been ; and it is not improbable that he experienced a secret chagrin 
 at seeing the young and uninformed Henry Vane promoted to the 
 office of Governor, above one whose years, knowledge, and services, 
 entitled him to precedence. It is probable, likewise, that his affec- 
 tion for his wife, whose hopes were in the land of her nativity, had 
 some influence in determining his conduct. Living so far removed 
 from the elegant circles in which she had delighted, and having lost 
 the sister (the Lady Arabella) who might have been the companion 
 of her solitude, the Lady Susan was weary of the privations of the 
 wilderness, the howling of wild beasts, and the uncouth manners of 
 the savages, and had become lonely, disconsolate, and homesick. She 
 had been the delight of her father's house, and glittered in all the 
 pride of youth and beauty, in the court of the first monarch in 
 Europe, was now solitary and sad, separated by a wide ocean from 
 her father's home. The future greatness of America, which was 
 then uncertain and ideal, presented no inducement to her mind to 
 counterbalance the losses which were first to be endured ; and the 
 cold and barren wilderness of Saugus, populated by its few lonely 
 cottages, round which the Indians were roaming by day, and the 
 wolves making their nightly excursions, had nothing lovely to offer 
 to soothe her sorrows or elevate her hopesl What the misfortunes 
 and disappointments of Mrs. Humfrey had begun, her importunities 
 completed. He sold the principal part of his farm to Lady Moody, 
 and returned to England with his wife, on the 26th October, 1641. 
 They were much censured for leaving their children, but their inten- 
 tion of visiting the Bahamas, and the approaching inclemency of the 
 season, rendered it imprudent to take them, and they undoubtedly 
 intended to return or send for them. That Mr. Humfrey possessed 
 deep sympathies, his letters sufficiently evince ; and it would be ex- 
 tremely uncharitable to suppose that the Lady Susan was without
 
 110 
 
 the endowments of maternal love. A woman of high feelings and 
 keen sensibilities the daughter of an English Earl and, according 
 to Mr. Mather's own account, of ' the best family of any nobleman 
 then in England,' it cannot be supposed that she was destitute of 
 those affections which form the characteristic charm of her sex. The 
 emotions of the heart are not always regulated by rule, and disap- 
 pointment sometimes makes sad havoc with the best feelings of our 
 nature. They embarked from King's Beach, near Black Will's Cliff. 
 The misfortunes which afterward befell some of the children, inflict- 
 ed a wound on the heart of the affectionate father from which he 
 never recovered." 
 
 Gen. Humfrey died in 1661. Gov. Winthrop well 
 knew his worth. Speaking of his discontent, and in- 
 tention of removal at the close of 1639 " among 
 whom the chief was John Humfrey, Esq., a gentleman 
 of special parts of learning and activity, and a godly 
 man, who had been one of the first beginners in pro- 
 moting of this plantation, and had labored very much 
 therein. He being brought low in his estate, and hav- 
 ing many children, and being known to the Lords of 
 Providence, and offering himself to their service, was 
 accepted to be the next Governor." He never bore 
 any office in the Ar. Co. There is a biographical sketch 
 of him in the Boston Commercial Gazette, printed Au- 
 gust 31st, 1826. 
 
 CAPT. JAMES OLIVER, Boston; freeman October 12th, 
 1640. He was son of the worthy Elder Thomas Oliver. 
 He was chosen Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1651, Lieutenant 
 1653, and Captain in 1656, and a second time in 1666. 
 He was a Selectman of Boston in 1653, by the title of 
 Cornet, and may have been an officer in Capt. William 
 Davis's troop of horse. 
 
 In 1675, many Indians, " who had subjected them- 
 selves to the English, were hurried down to Deer Island, 
 where they remained during the winter," and suffered 
 severely. "On the 10th of September, at nine o'clock
 
 Ill 
 
 at night, (such was the alarm of the people,) there 
 gathered together about forty men, some of note, and 
 came to the house of Capt. James Oliver ; two or three 
 of them went into his entry to desire to speak with him, 
 which was to desire him to be their leader, and they 
 should join together, and go and break open the prison, 
 and take one Indian out thence and hang him. Capt. 
 Oliver, hearing their request, took his cane and cudgel- 
 ed them stoutly, and so for that time dismissed the 
 company, which had he in the least countenanced, 
 it might have been accompanied with ill events in the 
 end." He was a member of the Old South Church. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL SHEPHERD, Cambridge spelt by Far- 
 mer Shepard freeman 1636. He was brother of the 
 Rev. Thomas Shepard, and arrived in New England 
 October 2d, 1635. He was Representative from Cam- 
 bridge, 1639, 1640, 1644 and 1645. He returned to 
 England, and in 1658 was a Major, living in Ireland. 
 Probably he was an officer in Oliver's service. 
 
 JOHN FRIEND, Salem ; carpenter. He was admitted 
 a tmvnsman in Boston, 50th March, 1640. His family, 
 in 1637, consisted of eleven persons. He died 1655-6. 
 Winthrop, in one of his letters, 1 636, mentions a John 
 Friend ; whence I should conclude he was then in 
 England. 
 
 WENTWORTH DAY. 
 
 HENRY LOOKER, Sudbury ; freeman 1643. This name 
 on the old roll reads (blank) Lucar. Farmer thinks it 
 should be spelt Lukar, but from him I am disposed to 
 think the person meant was Henry Looker. This name 
 may have been also altered, and Loker, of the present 
 day, may mean the same. 
 
 FRANCIS LYALL, Boston in 1638 ; barber. He kept 
 opposite where the Old South now stands, and without
 
 112 
 
 doubt is the Francis Lisle spoken of by Snow, 118, and 
 also the person who went with Rainsburrow, Stoughton, 
 Bourne, Leverett and Hudson to England, and served 
 in the Parliament's army. Winthrop speaks of him by 
 the name of Lioll, as " surgeon of the Earl of Man- 
 chester's Life-guard," and says that they all returned 
 " save the surgeon." Snow, in a note, seems to con- 
 jecture that " he was the Barber-chirurgeon, who lost 
 his life in a snow-storm, while on his way to Roxbury, 
 to draw a tooth ;" but the supposition is erroneous. 
 
 FRANCIS COSEN. Farmer spells it Cosin. 
 
 THOMAS LECHFORD, ESQ. The old roll has the name 
 Lachford, Boston, lawyer. He was the first lawyer who 
 emigrated to New England, and intended or hoped to 
 get a living by his profession. He was in Boston as 
 early as 1638, and came from Clement's Inn. In the 
 Colony Records, I. 294, " is this curiosity in legislative 
 and judicial economy :" At a Quarter Court, Dec. 1st, 
 1640, "Mr. Thomas Lechford, acknowledging he had 
 overshot himself, and is very sorry for it, promising to 
 attend his calling, and not to meddle with controver- 
 sies, was dismissed." " Yet the very calling, by which 
 he sought to earn his daily bread, was that of an attor- 
 ney, and the following year, finding that his labor as a 
 scrivener would not maintain him, the poor lawyer (in 
 1641) returned to England." It seems he printed, on 
 his return, 1642, a pamphlet of 80 pages, called Plain 
 Dealing, or Nevves from New England, which hardly 
 seems to deserve the full malediction Gov. Hutchinson 
 has bestowed upon it. The work is exceedingly scarce, 
 one copy being in the Ebeling collection, in Harvard 
 College library, and another in the hands of Francis 
 Baylies, Esq. of Taunton. Savage, from whom I gain 
 all my information, says " it is remarkable, that a con- 
 siderable part of this valuable matter is in a beautiful
 
 113 
 
 ancient manuscript, in the archives of our Historical 
 Society. From the peculiar spelling, sometimes more 
 correct than in the printed volume, and from the use of 
 short hand in several of the notes, it appears to me to 
 be the autograph of Lechford. His description of our 
 ancient forms of trial is interesting : ' Twice a year, in 
 the said great Quarter Courts, held before the General 
 Courts, are two grand juries sworn for the jurisdiction, 
 one for one Court and the other for the other ; and they 
 are charged to inquire and present offences, reduced by 
 the Governor, who gives the charge, (generally,) un- 
 der the heads of the ten commandments. Matters of 
 debt, trespass, and upon the case, and equity, yea, and 
 of heresy also, are tried by a jury, which, although it 
 may seem to be indifferent, and the magistrates may 
 judge what is law and what is equal, and some of the 
 chief ministers inform what is heresy, yet the jury may 
 find a general verdict, if they please ; and seldom is 
 there any special verdict found by them, with deliberate 
 arguments made thereupon, which breeds many incon- 
 veniences. The parties bo warned to challenge any 
 juryman, but because there is but one jury in court for 
 trial of causes, and all parties not present at their swear- 
 ing, the liberty of the challenge is much hindered, and 
 some inconveniences do happen thereby. Juries are 
 returned by the Marshal ; he was at first called the 
 Beadle of the Society. Seldom is there any matter of 
 record, saving the verdict, many times at random taken 
 and entered, which is also called the judgment The 
 parties in all cases speak themselves, for the most part ; 
 and some of the magistrates, where they think cause 
 requireth, do the part of advocates, without fee or 
 reward.' ' 
 
 Hutehinson calls him " a discontented attorney," and 
 says "he left England about the year 1637, being dis- 
 satisfied with the ecclesiastical government, and having
 
 114 
 
 \ 
 
 made himself obnoxious by his opposition to Episcopacy. 
 When he came to New England, he says, he found 
 every church member a bishop ; and not inclining to 
 become one himself, he could not be admitted a free- 
 man among them. The court took the advantage of 
 an offence of another nature, his going to the jury and 
 pleading with them out of court, and debarred him from 
 pleading any man's cause besides his own. He became, 
 in England, a zealous Episcopalian." 
 
 Boston, in the early settlement of the country, was 
 not very congenial to lawyers ; for as late as January, 
 1687, there were only two lawyers there, one of whom 
 had recently come from New York. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSEPH COOKE, Cambridge, freeman 1636. 
 He came from Earle Colne, or its vicinity, to New 
 England, in October, 1635, and was Deputy 1636 to 
 
 1 640, and consequently a Representative when the char- 
 ter was granted. 
 
 LIEUT. ROBERT TURNER, Boston, shoemaker, free- 
 man 1634. He had seven sons born in Boston, one of 
 which, Ephraim, was of the Ar. Co. 1663. Died about 
 1651, as is inferred from the Probate Records. 
 
 CAPT. CHRISTOPHER STANLEY, Boston, tailor, admit- 
 ted freeman 1641. The name of Stanley stands on the 
 old roll without any Christian name or title. Meeting ac- 
 cidentally with the name of Thomas Stanley, I adopted 
 it. From this, Lewis has considered it as the Thomas 
 of Lynn. I prefer the evidence in favor of Christopher. 
 He was a considerable landholder in Boston, in various 
 parts of the town, and died April, 1649. 
 
 JOHN HURD, Boston, tailor, freeman 1640. He had 
 children, and died September 23d, 1690. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS MARSHALL, Lynn, in 1635, freeman 
 
 1641, tailor. He was Representative from Lynn in
 
 1659, 1660, 1663, 1664, 1667 and 1668. I find that at 
 the Quarterly Court, November 29th, 1659, "Thomas 
 Marshall, of Lynn, is allowed by this Court, to sell 
 ' strong water to tramllers, and alsoe other meet provis- 
 ions.' He acquired his title of Captain from Oliver 
 Cromwell, in whose wars he was a soldier, and was a 
 man of great frankness and hospitality." Mr. John 
 Dunton, in his Journal, says, " About two of the clock 
 I reached Capt. Marshall's house, (which is half way 
 between Boston and Salem ;) here I staid to refresh 
 nature with a pint of sack and a good fowl. Capt. 
 Marshall is a hearty old gentleman, formerly one of 
 Oliver's soldiers, upon which he very much values him- 
 self. He had all the history of the civil wars at his 
 fingers' end, and, if we may believe him, Oliver did 
 hardly any thing that was considerable without his as- 
 sistance ; and if I'd have staid as long as he'd have 
 talk'd, he'd have spoil'd my ramble to Salem."* He 
 died the 23d of December, 1689, leaving a widow and 
 several children. He accompanied Capt. Bridges, in 
 his embassy to D'Aulney in 1645, by the title of Ser- 
 geant. 
 
 In 1658, Lieut. Thomas Marshall was authorised by 
 Court " to perform the ceremony of marriage, and to 
 take testimony in civil causes." 
 
 There was a Thomas Marshall, of Boston, shoemaker, 
 who was a Representative from Boston in 1650, but I 
 think he was not a member. 
 
 HENRY DUNSTER. This name appears without a 
 Christian name on the old roll. 1 can find no trace of 
 any other surname than Henry ; for it is by no means 
 improbable that a man situated as he was, a candidate 
 for the ministry, one of the church militant, should be a 
 
 * Dunton was a facetious traveller, and speaks, it is said, very accurately of 
 men and manners in those days. I have only met .with extracts of his Journal.
 
 116 
 
 X 
 
 member of the Ar. Co. One of hjs successors, Presi- 
 dent Quincy, gave a toast at one of the Ar. Go's anni- 
 versary dinners, very nearly in these words : " The 
 memory of our pious ancestors of New England, who, 
 while they professed to do all things by the spirit, never 
 neglected ' to bare the arm of flesh.' ' A custom has 
 prevailed in the Company, time immemorial, for the 
 preacher of the day to ask the blessing at the anniver- 
 sary dinner, and for the President of Harvard College 
 to return thanks ; if the latter is absent, it devolves on 
 the oldest or most distinguished clergyman present. 
 Once I have known this done by Bishop Cheverus, the 
 Roman Catholic Bishop of Massachusetts; and once 
 by Bishop Inglis, Episcopal Bishop of Nova Scotia. 
 
 He came to New England in 1640, freeman in 1641. 
 He owned and resided on his estate in Boston, at the 
 northeast corner of Court Street, now owned by Hon. 
 P. C. Brooks. He probably continued an active mem- 
 ber but a short time, for he was inducted to the office 
 of first President of Harvard College, August 27th, 
 1640. He resigned that station October 24th, 1654.* 
 Hutchinson thinks he was obliged to resign his presi- 
 dentship on account of his having made a profession of 
 his belief in antipoedo baptism. He died at Scituate, 
 February 27th, 1659, and was buried at Cambridge. 
 He left a widow, but no children. 
 
 JOHN GUTTERIDGE, Boston, tailor, was admitted mem- 
 ber of the Church, 1642. He is probably the same per- 
 son whom Savage, from the Colony Records, calls John 
 Guttering, admitted freeman in 1642. 
 
 ENSIGN HENRY PHILLIPS, Dedham, freeman 1638. 
 Worthington says, " He came to Dedham from Water- 
 town, and was solicited to become a candidate for the 
 ministry ; he chose, however, to be a candidate in an- 
 
 * History of Dedham, 42. Hutohinson, also.
 
 117 
 
 other place, but some events prevented his settlement 
 in any town, and he became, as our Church Records 
 say, a discouraged and broken-hearted Christian. Ma- 
 ther inserts his name among the ministers, and as a 
 resident of Dedham. I find no man by the name of 
 Phillips, who could be alluded to, excepting the Mr. 
 Phillips above mentioned, and who had a dispute with 
 the inhabitants, about the cow commons." 
 
 He was an Ensign of the militia in Dedham, and in 
 
 1657 resided in Boston. Probably he was the Repre- 
 sentative of Hadley, in 1672. He was probably the 
 pious Phillips who accompanied Humfrey to England, 
 in 1641, and to whose earnest prayers Winthrop seems 
 to assign the saving of the ship during a perilous storm. 
 When living in Dedham, it was in that part which sub- 
 sequently composed a part of Wrentham. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSHUA FISHER, Dedham, freeman 1640, died 
 November 14th, 1645. He was a Lieutenant of the 
 Dedham militia. He built the first saw mill in Ded- 
 ham, 1664. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL FISHER, Dedham, lawyer, brother of 
 the preceding, was admitted freeman 1640. He was 
 Captain of the militia there, and Representative from 
 
 1658 to 1682, except the years 1659 and 1670 Speaker 
 of the House of Deputies, 1680 elected an Assistant, 
 1683 and died at Dedham, November, 1683, while in 
 that office. Administration on his estate was granted 
 November 29th, 1683. His inventory was 530 13 7. 
 
 " He was admitted into Dedham Church in 1639, the 
 record of which is in these words : ' Daniel Fisher ap- 
 peared to the Church a hopeful, Christian young man, 
 and was easily and gladly received.' From that time, 
 he was employed in much of the business in the planta- 
 tion. In his time, the notable tyranny of Sir Edmund 
 Andros, the Governor of the Colony, had less plausible
 
 118 
 
 pretexts, than those measures which produced the war 
 of separation. In its then feeble state, it was more in- 
 sulting to oppress, and it was more dangerous to resist. 
 But danger would not deter a brave man and a patriot, 
 like Capt. Fisher, from doing his duty." 
 
 "In February, 1681, Randolph, the agent of King 
 James in the colony, exhibited articles of high misde- 
 meanor against a faction, (so called by Randolph,) in 
 the General Court, to the Lords in Council. Among 
 these men thus selected to be the victims of royal indig- 
 nation, was Capt. Fisher. June 14th, 1682, Randolph 
 wrote to the Earl of Clarendon, that a quo warranto Had 
 issued against the colony charter, and that a warrant 
 had been sent out to carry Thomas Danforth, Samuel 
 Nowell, Daniel Fisher, and Elisha Cook, to England, 
 to answer for high crimes and misdemeanors, and inti- 
 mates that the prosecution which his papers and evi- 
 dence would support, would make their faction tremble. Jr 
 
 " Capt. Fisher was Speaker of the House at this 
 time, and was, we must believe, a man of great in- 
 fluence therein, otherwise he would not have been so 
 much noticed at the British court. Indeed, in such a 
 time, his high spirit and resolute mind would not permit 
 him to be a timid and wavering man. He lived not to 
 witness the capture of Sir Edmund Andros, and the 
 other associates of his tyranny, at Fort Hill, in April, 
 1 689, and an end put to their oppressions by that event. 
 But it must be remembered that he contributed much 
 to cherish that firm spirit of resistance, which produced 
 that change, and which early taught what a brave and 
 united people might do. Many of the descendants of 
 this gentleman have been respectable, and have inherit- 
 ed his high and patriotic spirit. I relate one anecdote, 
 which illustrates the character of this family, and the 
 spirit of the times. It was told me by the Hon. Eben- 
 ezer Fisher, of this town, late one of the Council, a
 
 119 
 
 descendant of Capt. Fisher. When Sir Edmund was 
 captured on Fort Hill, by the Bostonians, he surrender- 
 ed, and went unarmed to Mr. Usher's house, where he 
 remained under guard for some hours. When the news 
 of this event reached Dedham, Capt. Daniel Fisher, the 
 son of the proscribed patriot, then dead a stout, strong 
 man, possessing his father's hatred of the tyrant, and his 
 resolute spirit instantly set out for Boston, and came 
 rushing in with the country people, who were in such a 
 rage and heat as made all tremble again. Nothing 
 would satisfy the country party but binding the Gov- 
 ernor with cords, and carrying him to a more safe place. 
 Soon was Capt. Fisher seen among the crowd, leading 
 the pale and trembling Sir Edmund by the collar of his 
 coat from the house of Mr. Usher, back to Fort Hill. 
 History has informed us of this incident in that revolu- 
 tion, but it has never informed us who took the lead of 
 the country people, and who had the honor of leading 
 the proud representative of a Stuart Prince, the op- 
 pressor of the colony, through the assembled crowd, and 
 placing him in safe custody at the fort." 
 
 " The gentleman here noticed, was likewise much 
 employed in the various affairs of the town. Did any 
 enterprise require a hardy and skilful agent, he was the 
 man most likely to be selected. In 1663, he, with an- 
 other, went through the wilderness, in search of a tract 
 of good land, which a vague rumor had hinted was 
 about twelve miles from Hadley. He had the honor of 
 being sent ambassador to King Philip, to negotiate a 
 treaty for his lands at Wrentham." Mr. Dexter, in his 
 century sermon, says " he was learned in the law." The 
 late amiable and distinguished Fisher Ames was de- 
 scended maternally from him.
 
 120 
 
 1641. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN MANNING, Boston, was Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1648. This name was spelt Mutinying t in 14th 
 century. 
 
 CAPT. ROBERT BRIDGES, Lynn; freeman 1641. He 
 went to England soon after, and returned with J. Win- 
 throp, Jr. in 1643. We find him, immediately after, 
 concerned in the iron-works at Lynn, in which he had 
 a large share, and had his house near them. Winthrop 
 having inspired him in that undertaking, was the proba- 
 ble cause of his coming back again with him. He lived 
 to see this speculation or enterprise fail, and the property 
 sold to pay Savage's attachment, notwithstanding the 
 vast money expended and great encouragement given 
 by the colonial government. Suits were protracted 
 against this company for 20 years. Hubbard says, 
 " that, instead of drawing out bars of iron for the coun- 
 try's use, there was hammered out nothing but contention 
 and law-suits." Lewis says they continued in operation 
 on a small scale for more than an hundred years. The 
 heaps of scoria are nearly overgrown with grass, and 
 are called " cinder banks." He was Captain of the 
 Lynn Train-band at the organization of the militia in 
 1644, and must have been the successor of Capt. Daniel 
 Howe. He also sustained the office of Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1642, and Lieutenant 1644. Johnson says, 
 " he was endued with able parts, and forward to im- 
 prove them to the glory of God and his people's good." 
 
 In 1644, and two following years, he was Deputy 
 from Lynn, and in 1646 was Speaker of the House of 
 Representatives. In 1647 he was elected an Assistant, 
 in which office he continued until his death, at Lynn, 
 1656. His house was burnt down, 2d mo. 28th, 1648. 
 He was appointed by the New England Confederation 
 to negotiate between them and D'Aulney, and carried
 
 121 
 
 the ratification of the treaty on their part in 1646. He 
 joined with the Governor and Assistants, 1649, and 
 signed " a protestation against the prevailing custom of 
 wearing long hair, after the manner of ruffians and bar- 
 barous Indians"* 
 
 11 On Sunday, July 20th, 1651, three men of the Bap- 
 tist persuasion, from Rhode Island, named Clark, Cran- 
 dall and Holmes, went to the house of one Witter,f at 
 Svvampscot, where Mr. Clark began to preach. On 
 hearing this, Capt. Bridges, the magistrate, sent two 
 constables to apprehend them, as disturbers of the peace. 
 In the afternoon, they were taken to Mr. Whiting's 
 meeting, where they refused to uncover their heads. 
 Mr. Bridges ordered a constable to take off their hats, 
 when one of them attempted to speak, but was prevent- 
 ed. At the close of the meeting, one of them made 
 some remarks, after which they were taken to the An- 
 chor tavern, and guarded through the night. In the 
 morning they were sent to Boston, and imprisoned." 
 
 v 
 
 * This accounts why wigs became so prevalent in New England. No man conld 
 have any personal dignity, or respect shown him, without wearing a huge white 
 wig, a three-cornered scraper, (hat) a pair of creaking shoes, with ponderous 
 silver or gold buckles. 
 
 t .Many singular presentments of the Grand Jury arose in Lynn, about this time. 
 The town was indicted in 1647, " for want of a staff for the constable." Mathew 
 Stanley was indicted " for winning the affections of John Tarbox's daughter with- 
 out consent of parents," fined 5, with 2s. 6d. for fees; and one Pinion, " for 
 swearing that all his pumpkins had turned out squashes" fined; the Court 
 said : " Let no man make a jest at pumpkins." Roger Scott was indicted for 
 sleeping in sermon time, and at the next court was whipped. It was the custom 
 in Lynn, then, to have a person go about the meeting-house to wake the sleepers. 
 He bore a long wand, at one end a ball, to knock the heads of the men, and at the 
 other end a fox's tail, to brush the ladies' faces. Witter was indicted for saying 
 no man ought to stay in meeting to see a child christened. The town of Lynn 
 passed an order, in 1651, that no one should wear great boots, gold or silver lace 
 or buttons, or silk hoods, ribbons or scarfs, under penalty of ten shillings. This 
 puts me in mind of a story from the old records of Plymouth Colony in those days, 
 when Kingston, formerly a part of Plymouth, was incorporated as a town; and a 
 question arising about the division of town property Plymouth had erected a gal- 
 lows, and whose it should be excited much debate; at last, Plymouth solemnly 
 voted, that nobody should be hung on their gallows but Plymouth people. 
 16
 
 122 
 
 In 1644, Capt. Bridges, by order of the General 
 Court, had " the care of two great guns" belonging to 
 the town of Lynn. This town, and Salem, in 1645, 
 petitioned the General Court for liberty to form an In- 
 dependent Company, which was granted, and to be 
 called " Ye Military Company of Lynn and Salem." 
 
 ADAM OTLEIT, Lynn, in 1642 spelled Ottley by 
 Lewis. He married a daughter of Maj. Gen. John 
 Humfrey. 
 
 CAPT. JOSHUA HOBART, Hingham son of Edmond 
 Hobart, and brother of Rev. Peter, first minister of 
 Hingham freeman 1634; Representative in 1643, and 
 served in that office 25 years, and was elected Speaker 
 of the House in 1674. He died July 28th, 1682. This 
 name was erroneously printed Hubbard in the former 
 edition. 
 
 He appears to have been one of the principal ring- 
 leaders in the famous military quarrel in Hingham, in 
 1645, which disturbed the train-band, the town and 
 church there, and, finally, the General Court and elders, 
 for a long time, and finally resulted in fining all parties,* 
 not exempting his brother, the minister. Capt. Joshua 
 was fined 20, being the highest punishment imposed 
 on any of them. This quarrel arose about the election 
 of one Bozoun Allen to be the first Captain of the 
 train-band there ; a more full account whereof will be 
 given under his name. Capt. Hobart, probably in conse- 
 quence of the severity of the court upon him in this busi- 
 ness, was not only promoted to be Captain when Allen 
 removed to Boston, but, on the 20th March, 1655, "by 
 a joint consent and general vote of the town, freed from 
 
 *This resulted very much like Knickerbocker's account of a Dutch trial in New 
 York, where both parties were fined, and the constable ordered to pay the costs. 
 The total amount of the fines, in this case, imposed on the Hingham delinquents, 
 being 90 in number, was 155 10.
 
 123 
 
 paying any rates for the public charge of the town dur- 
 ing the time that he is chief officer of the town for 
 the exercise of the military company." This famous 
 affair did not prevent him or Allen, who was also a 
 Deputy, from sitting and acting thereon in the House 
 of Deputies at the time, and, we have reason to think, 
 in the case itself. 
 
 JOHN HU.MFREY, Junior, Lynn, was the eldest son of 
 Gen. John Humfrey, Ar. Co. 1640. He probably re- 
 turned to England, and died there. A letter of attorney, 
 in 1684, was sent to a Mr. Humphrey, to appear and 
 answer for the province concerning Andros' troubles, 
 and may mean the same person. 
 
 JOHN SEVERNE, Boston; freeman 1637. 
 
 THOMAS BARKER, Weymouth ; freeman 1640. The 
 old roll has no Christian name, but says, " Barker of 
 Weymouth." 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM TORREY, Weymouth ; freeman 1642. 
 In 1644, he was Lieutenant of the Train-band of that 
 town, under Capt. W. Perkins, and became afterward 
 his successor. He was Deputy from Weymouth from 
 1642 to 1649, excepting 1646 and 1647, and again 
 Representative 1679, 1630, 1681, 1682, and 1683. 
 Johnson says, " he was a good penman and skilled in 
 the Latin tongue, usually Clarke of the Deputies." 
 November 30th, 1683, is the following short and pithy 
 vote : " The Deputies consent not, but adhere to their 
 former bills. William Torrey, Cler." His will is dated 
 May 15th, 1686, proved July 2d, 1691, and his inven- 
 tory 360 10 6 of which, houses, land, and meadow, 
 260. 
 
 ENSIGN JEREMIAH HOWCHIN, Boston, tanner ; freeman 
 1640. There is some variety in both Christian and 
 surname ; thus Jeremy is adopted by Farmer, and
 
 124 
 
 most frequently by the Boston records and in the list of 
 freemen ; but I like not a nickname, unless from neces- 
 sity, by which people are often vulgarly known the 
 true name is far preferable. The surname is also vari- 
 ously spelt ; thus Honcliin, by Farmer ; Howchems, in 
 the Colony Records ; but, after all, there was such a 
 man as Jeremiah Howchin. He was Representative 
 from Hingham from 1651 to 1659, excepting 1656, and 
 Deputy from Salisbury in 1663. He was admitted a 
 member of Dorchester Church in 1639, where he may 
 possibly have resided a short time. But the fact is, he 
 set up and owned a large tannery at the corner of Court 
 and Hanover streets, where Concert Hall now is, and 
 there had an extensive tannery and his tan-pits. He 
 was a Selectman of Boston, 1653.* 
 
 NATHANIEL HOWARD, Dorchester, freeman 1643. 
 
 ENSIGN (JOHN) ENDUED. The name of Ensign En- 
 dred appears on the old roll very plain, but I gain no 
 information of him, and the Christian name is adopted 
 on slight evidence. 
 
 JOHN COLLINS, Boston, shoemaker, freeman 1646, a 
 member of the Boston Church.f 
 
 COL. STEPHEN WINTHROP, Boston, freeman 1636, 
 
 * In the course of this history the reader will find many men Representatives of 
 towns other than where they resided. The second charter that of William and 
 Mary, 1692 put an end to this custom. The various local interests of individuals 
 in new townships, their proximity to the seat of government, and the consequent 
 saving of travel and attendance, no small burder^on new or small towns or states, 
 afterwards introduced this custom. The gentleman here named being a tanner, 
 peregrinated about the country for hides to tan, and no doubt made many friends 
 where he went; hence his honest, familiar name of Jeremy; and perhaps he had 
 a remarkable chin. The act abolishing the privilege of having non-resident Rep- 
 resentatives, passed in 1694. 
 
 1 1 suppose this should be Edward Collins, who lived in Cambridge, was Dea- 
 con of the first church there, and Representative from Cambridge sixteen years, 
 yiz. from 1654 to 1670, excepting 1661. He had a very respectable family. 
 I adopted the surname, John, wl.elly from conjecture, and finding a John Collins, 
 of Boston, who was a church member.
 
 125 
 
 was the 5th son and 8th child of Gov. Winthrop, by his 
 3d wife. He was Representative from Portsmouth, N. 
 H., 1644. He went to England with his brother-in-law, 
 Rainsburrow, and lived in the parish of St. Margaret, 
 Westminster, and commanded a regiment in Cromwell's 
 service, and was a member of Parliament in his time, 
 for Scotland. He was the Recorder of the Court in Bos- 
 ton, which tried Capt. Bayley's case against the Lady 
 La Tour, and was arrested at his suit, on his return 
 to England, at the same time that Capt. Weld (one of 
 the jury) was, and forced to find bail in 4,000, as we 
 have related under Capt. Weld. " He was much trusted 
 by the Protector. He succeeded General Harrison, who 
 troubled Cromwell so much with his anticipation of a 
 kingdom of the saints." He died early, for, May 20th, 
 1659, by Suff. Prob. Rec., Judith, his wife, in England, 
 is styled " relict of Stephen Winthrop." He had chil- 
 dren born in Boston. 
 
 Col. Stephen was admitted member of the Boston 
 Church, March 1 6th, 1 633 ; he was born probably in 
 1621, and must therefore have been admitted before he 
 was thirteen years old. The following extract from 
 Winthrop, vol., 1. p. 125, refers to him and his younger 
 brother, Dean. " Among other testimonies of the Lord's 
 gracious presence with his own ordinances, there was a 
 youth, of fourteen years of age, (being the son of one of 
 the magistrates,) so wrought upon by the ministry of 
 the word, as for divers months, he was held under such 
 affliction of mind, as he could not be brought to appre- 
 hend any comfort in God, being much humbled and 
 broken for his sins, (though he had been a dutiful child, 
 and not given up to the lusts of youth,) and especially 
 for his blasphemous and wicked thoughts, whereby Satan 
 buffetted him, so as he went mourning and languishing 
 daily ; yet attending to the means, and not giving over 
 prayer, and seeking counsel, &c. he came at length to
 
 126 
 
 be freed from his temptation, and to find comfort in 
 God's promises ; and so, being received into the con- 
 gregation, upon good proof of his understanding in the 
 things of (Jod, he went on cheerfully in a Christian 
 course, falling daily to labor, as a servant, and as a 
 younger brother of his did, who was no whit short of him 
 in the knowledge of God's will, though his youth kept 
 him from daring to offer himself to the congregation. 
 Upon this occasion it is not impertinent (though no 
 credit nor regard be to be had of dreams in these days) 
 to report a dream, which the father of these children 
 had, at the same time, viz. that, coming into his cham- 
 ber, he found his wife (she was a very gracious woman) 
 in bed, and three, or four of their children lying by her, 
 with most sweet and smiling countenances, with crowns, 
 upon their heads, and blue ribbons about their sleeves. 
 When he awaked, he told his wife his dream, and made 
 this interpretation of it, that God would take of her 
 children, to make them fellow heirs with Christ in his 
 kingdom." 
 
 GEORGE PALMER, Ipswich. I find no other informa- 
 tion concerning him. 
 
 JOHN MYLAM, spelt on the old roll, Milam, Boston, 
 cooper, freeman 1636, was admitted a member of Bos- 
 ton Church, 1635. 
 
 THOMAS PARIS, Cambridge, freeman 1637, physician, 
 and was Surgeon to Capt. George Cooke's Company. 
 This name is erroneously spelt Parris, in the former 
 edition. 
 
 JOHN HARDIER, Braintree. 
 JOHN TOWNSEND. 
 
 (SAMUEL) NORDEN, Boston, admitted freeman 1 666. 
 Of this name I have doubts, there being nothing on the 
 old roll but Nudon.
 
 127 
 
 JOHN MOUSALL, Charlestown, born 1596, came early 
 to New England and settled at Charlestown, and was 
 admitted freeman 1634. He was Deputy in 1635. 
 Probably removed to Woburn. This name is spelt 
 Mushell, in the Colony Records. 
 
 JOHN WESTGATE. He probably returned to England, 
 for there is a letter from such a man, dated Harlestone, 
 England, 5th of 2d mo. 1653, to Mr. Thomas Lake. 
 See Hutchinson, vol. I. 209, and Rev. Increase Mather. 
 From this circumstance I should judge him to be a man 
 of note. He lived in Boston. 
 
 JOHN BIGGS, Boston, freeman 1634; went to Ips- 
 wich 1635. 
 
 1642. 
 
 ADAM WINTHROP, Boston, freeman 1641. He was 
 the first son of Gov. Winthrop, by his third wife, Mar- 
 garet, daughter of Sir John Tindal, knight, and his sev- 
 enth child, and was born in England, April 7th, 1620, 
 and died August 24th, 1652, aged 32. His wife was 
 Elizabeth Glover, and his son Adam was of the Ar. Co. 
 1692. 
 
 MATTHEW CHAFFY, Boston, ship-carpenter, freeman 
 1637. He was admitted a member of Boston Church, 
 1636. His name appears on the old roll, Chafey, and 
 his descendants write the name C/iqffee. 
 
 WILLIAM PATTEN, Cambridge, freeman 1645, died 
 December 10th, 1668. This name stands on the old 
 roll, Pattin, without any Christian name ; and Nathaniel 
 was undoubtedly a son of his. 
 
 NATHANIEL DUNCAN, JUN. Dorchester, son of the 
 charter member. 
 
 THOMAS GLOVER, Dorchester, was probably son of 
 the Assistant, John.
 
 128 
 
 CAPT. HOPESTILL FOSTER, Dorchester, freeman 1639, 
 Deputy 1652, and continued Representative from Dor- 
 chester 20 years. He was Ensign of Dorchester train 
 band in 1644, and afterward its Captain. His son, 
 John, designed the arms of the Colony of Massachu- 
 setts an Indian, with a bow and arrow, &c. 
 
 LAWRENCE SMITH, Dorchester, freeman 1643. 
 
 LIEUT. RICHARD WAY, Dorchester, freeman 1643. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1667, and its Lieutenant 1671. 
 Will dated Boston, January 2d, 1696. His wife, Han- 
 nah, was sister of Col. P. Townsend, Ar. Co. 1674; 
 died November, 1732, aged 92. , 
 
 JOHN BLAKE, Dorchester, freeman 1644. There was 
 a John Blake, a member of the Old South Church, 
 probably the same. 
 
 THOMAS RAWLINS, Boston, carpenter, freeman 1631; 
 died March 15th, 1660. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD WOODDE, Boston, freeman 1644, 
 brewer. His name thus appears on the old roll and list 
 of officers, but elsewhere I find the name spelt Woode, 
 Woody, Woodee, Wood, and Wopddy. He was elect- 
 ed Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1667, Lieutenant, 1669, and 
 Captain in 1677. He was alive to witness a will in 
 1680, and there is administration on his estate, and 
 inventory, May 6th, 1681, amount 1090 19, debts 
 400. His house and lot of land are appraised at 570, 
 and 1500 acres of land at Quinnebaug (Plainfield) at 
 30. He must have been an active member 35 years 
 before he was elected Captain. 
 
 JOHN WOODDE, Lynn, as early as 1630, freeman 
 1640. He was probably a junior brother of the pre- 
 ceding, and may be the same mentioned in Felt's An- 
 nals of Salem, p. 172, as of Salem. There was a John 
 Woode, of Boston, who died 1669-70.
 
 129 
 
 MICHAEL PEPPER, Roxbury. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. EDWARD TYNG, Boston in 1639, merchant, 
 was admitted to the Boston Church, and to the oath of 
 freeman, in 1641. He was Representative from Boston, 
 1661 and 1662, and elected an Assistant, 1668 and 
 thirteen years afterwards. He died in that office, Dec. 
 28th, 1681, at Dunstable, whither he had removed, aged 
 81, and was buried in the Chapel burial-ground, Boston, 
 where there is now the tomb, which is (says Capt. Tyng,) 
 the property of the Waldo family. His will is dated 
 August 5th, 1677, and proved January 19th, 1681. 
 I presume it should read 1681-2. He speaks therein 
 of " old age."* He is said to have been Colonel of the 
 Suffolk Regiment, but no such office was known till 
 after his death ; he might have held a Colonel's com- 
 mission, under the king, however. He was chosen by 
 the General Court, Major General, after Leverett, but 
 what year, I am uncertain, or whether he ever acted 
 under it. He had two wives, and children by both. 
 He was the son of Maj. William Ting, Ar. Co. 1638. 
 He had a son, Edward, Ar. Co. 1668, and Jonathan, 
 Ar. Co. 1670. He served as a Constable, in Boston. 
 I suppose him to be one of the four purchasers of the 
 tract, on the Kennebec River, called the Plymouth 
 Company. 
 
 RICHARD STEWART. I can find no information re- 
 specting him. 
 
 CAPT. ANDREW BELCHER, of Sudbury in 1640, Cam- 
 bridge 1646. He was the grandfather of Gov. Belcher. 
 
 HUMPHREY BRADSHAW, Cambridge. 
 
 ROBERT SELLING. As I can find no trace of him, I 
 am strongly led to think the name on the old roll is 
 mistaken for Lieut. Robert Seely, or Siely, in the Pequot 
 
 * Suff. Prob. Rec. 
 17
 
 130 
 
 war, who was of Watertown, and freeman 1631, and 
 may be the Capt. Siely killed in a battle with the In- 
 dians, December 19th, 1675. 
 
 ABRAHAM ADKINS spelt by Farmer, Atkins. 
 
 JOHN COLE, Boston. Lewis thinks he was of Lynn, 
 there being such a person there in 1642 ; but I rather 
 suppose him to be a son of Samuel Cole, Ar. Co. 1637. 
 John Cole, of Boston, is said to have had sons, viz. 
 John, born 1643, and Samuel, born 1646. There was 
 a John Cole, a school-master, in Boston, 1684 who 
 kept the first free writing-school in town and was 
 much beloved and respected as such. 
 
 WILLIAM SHEPARD erroneously spelt Shephard in 
 the first edition. 
 
 Jo si AS EVANS. Farmer spells the Christian name 
 Josiah, but I prefer to follow the old roll. 
 
 1643. 
 
 CAPT. HUGH PRITCHARD, Roxbury ; freeman 1642. 
 
 His name on the old roll appears only Capt. 
 
 Pritchet. This mistake may have originated from the 
 mode of pronouncing it, and Barnes had to make up 
 that roll from the best information, in 1680, which he 
 could obtain. He was Deputy from Roxbury, 1643, 
 1644, and 1649. He appears to have been of Glouces- 
 ter, and a Selectman there, 1645. He was Captain of 
 the Roxbury Train-band in 1644, according to Johnson. 
 The following seems different ; for Winthrop says, 1647, 
 26th of mo, : " Capt. Welde of Roxbury being dead, 
 the young men of the town agreed together to choose 
 one George Dennison, a young soldier come lately out 
 of the wars in England which the ancient and chief 
 men of the town understanding, they came together at 
 the time appointed, and chose one Mr. Prichard, a godly
 
 131 
 
 man, and one of the chief of the town, passing by their 
 Lieutenant, fearing lest the young Dennison would have 
 carried it from him ; whereupon much discontent and 
 murmuring arose in the town. The young men were 
 over strongly bent to have their will, although their 
 election was void in law, (George Dennison not being 
 then a freeman,) and the ancient men over voted them 
 above twenty, and the Lieutenant was discontented be- 
 cause he was neglected, &c. The cause coming to the 
 court, and all parties being heard, Mr. Prichard was 
 allowed, and the young men were pacified, and the 
 Lieutenant." Pritchard was sent, in 1643, with Hum- 
 phrey Atherton, on an embassy to the Narragansett and 
 Niantick Indians. 
 
 THOMAS BELL, Roxbury ; freeman 1636. 
 
 JOHN SCARBOROUGH, Roxbury; freeman 1640. He 
 was killed by the discharge of a gun, June 9th, 1645. 
 
 CAPT. PETER OLIVER, Boston, merchant ; freeman 
 1640. He was son of Elder Thomas Oliver, and broth- 
 er of Capt. James, Ar. Co. 1640, and was an eminent 
 merchant. His' will, which is a curious one, speaks of 
 several sons, and none of age is dated April 8th, 
 1670, and approved May 5th, 1670. Maj. Savage was 
 a witness to it. He was one of the founders of the Old 
 South Church in Boston, May 1669. He is erroneously 
 stated as having been L. L. D. in the former edition. 
 He was chosen Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1658, and its 
 Captain in 1669, and therefore died while in command. 
 His grandson, Capt: Nathaniel Oliver, was of the Ar. 
 Co. 1717. He was a Selectman of Boston 1653, by the 
 title of Cornet ; he also may have been an officer in 
 Capt. VV. Davis's troop of horse. 
 
 JOHN BUTTON, Boston ; freeman 1634. He was one 
 of the persons disarmed by order of court, 1637. His
 
 132 
 
 house and land were near the present Chelsea ferry- 
 ways. 
 
 RICHARD BARTHELEMEY, Salem ; admitted to the 
 church July 31st, 1640 ; freeman 1641, and died 1646. 
 
 CAPT. FRANCIS NORTON, Charlestown ; freeman 1642. 
 " After the death of C apt. Mason, his widow and execu- 
 trix sent over Francis Norton as her general attorney, 
 to whom she committed the whole management of the 
 estate. But the expenses so far exceeded the income, 
 and the servants grew so impatient for their arrears, 
 that she was obliged to relinquish the care of the plan- 
 tation, and tell the servants that they must shift for them- 
 selves ; upon which they shared the goods and cattle. 
 Norton drove above an hundred oxen to Boston, and 
 there sold them for 25 sterling per head, which, it is 
 said, was the current price of the best cattle in New 
 England at the time. Norton did not return to New 
 Hampshire, but took up his residence in Charlestown." 
 He was of Pascataqua in 1631. About the year 1641, 
 he removed to Charlestown. In 1644, he was Lieuten- 
 ant of the Charlestown Train-band, and was promoted 
 Captain thereof, as successor to General Sedgwick. 
 He represented Charlestown in 1647, 1650, 1652 to 
 1661, excepting 1656 and 1657. He was elected En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1647 ; Lieutenant 1650, and Cap- 
 tain twice, 1652 and 1655. He was, says Johnson, " a 
 man of a bold and cheerful spirit, well disciplined and 
 an able man also one of a cheerful spirit, and full of 
 love to the truth." He died July 27th, 1667. 
 
 JOHN HILL, Dorchester, blacksmith ; freeman 1642. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN WEBB, Chelmsford ; freeman 1636. He 
 removed and settled at Chelmsford, which he represent- 
 ed in 1663, 1664 and 1665 ; was a Captain, and a man 
 of wealth ; he died October 16th, 1668. His name ap-
 
 133 
 
 pears in the records, John Webb, alias Evered. He 
 sold his seat in Chelmsford to Edward Colburn. 
 
 LIEUT. ROBERT WRIGHT, Boston, and had children 
 born there. 
 
 RICHARD CUTTER, Cambridge; freeman 1641. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSHUA HEWES, Roxbury ; freeman 1634; 
 Deputy from Roxbury 1641 . This name is spelt Hughes 
 in the former edition ; it is scarcely legible on the old 
 roll. He was elected Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1654. He 
 was one of the undertakers in the famous iron-works, 
 before mentioned. I suppose him to be the Lieutenant 
 of the Roxbury Train-band, who was superseded by 
 Capt. Pritchard, and finally acquiesced. 
 
 HENRY MADS LEY, Braintree sometimes spelt Mods- 
 ley, Maudsley, and Moseley. 
 
 WILLIAM ROBINSON, Dorchester ; freeman May 18th, 
 1642. 
 
 WILLIAM ASPINWALL, Boston; freeman April 3d. 
 1632, and has the prefix of respect. He probably came 
 over in the fleet with Winthrop, for he was on a jury 
 Sept. 28th, 1630. He was elected a Deputy from Bos- 
 ton, September General Court, 1637, and was immedi- 
 ately rejected by the Court for his having signed the 
 famous petition about Wheelwright, This petition he 
 drew up, and his name was included among those per- 
 sons disarmed. He was banished for his famalistical 
 opinions, and went to Rhode Island, and was the first 
 Secretary of that Colony. In 1642, mo. 1st, 27th, Win- 
 throp says : " Mr. William Aspinwall, who had been 
 banished, as is before declared, for joining with Mr. 
 Wheelwright, being licensed by the General Court to 
 come and tender his submission, &c, was this day re- 
 conciled to the Church of Boston. He made a very 
 free and full acknowledgment of his error and seduce-
 
 134 
 
 ment, and that with much detestation of his sin. The 
 like he did after, before the magistrates, who were ap- 
 pointed by the court to take his submission, and upon 
 their certificate thereof at the next General Court, his 
 sentence of banishment was released." 
 
 He was chosen one of the first Deacons of the first 
 Church in Boston, at the time of its organization, Au- 
 gust 27th, 1630. After his return he was a notary pub- 
 lic in Boston. His dwelling house and estate was situ- 
 ated on the main (Washington) street, three doors above 
 the barber's shop opposite the Old South, and extended 
 from the main, or High street, to the common ; and we 
 find the name of Bomsted near him. In 1644, it ap- 
 pears he went on a voyage of discovery to Delaware 
 river, and their pinnace was fired upon by the Swedish 
 fort. Of this he made great complaint to the Dutch 
 Governor, and particularly that they were forced " to 
 weigh anchor on the Lord's day." He is said to have 
 removed to Watertown, and his name frequently spoken 
 of as belonging to Dedham. He had several children 
 born in Boston. He finally went back to England, 
 probably before 1653, and died there. 
 
 It has been ascertained by Savage that he published 
 several works in England, among which, says he, " I 
 have seen a very curious tract, entitled A brief De- 
 scription of the Fifth Monarchy or Kingdom that is 
 shortly to come into the World ; the Monarch, Subjects, 
 Officers and Laws thereof, and the surpassing Glory, 
 Amplitude, Unity and Peace of that Kingdom, &c.' 
 And in the conclusion there is ' added a Prognostic of 
 the time when the Fifth Kingdom shall begin, by Wil- 
 liam Aspenwall, N. E.' Its title-page is garnished with 
 several texts of Scripture, distorted in the usual style of 
 that day. l London ; printed by M. Simmons, and are 
 to be sold by Livewell Chapman, at the Crown in 
 Pope's-head- Alley, 1653.' It contains fourteen pages.
 
 135 
 
 After showing ' that there is such a thing to be expect- 
 ed in the world as a fifth monarchy,' from Daniel's 
 vision, fulfilled in part by the execution of Charles I, he 
 anticipates a farther progress from the destruction of all 
 other kings ; ' and then, these four monarchies being 
 destroyed, the fifth kingdom or monarchy follows imme- 
 mediately.' Proceeding through his inquiries of the 
 * Sovereign, (Jesus Christ,) subjects, officers, and laws 
 of that kingdom,' his fanatical vaticination favors us 
 with ' some hint of the time when the kingdom shall 
 begin,' which he had wit enough to delay so long, that 
 the event might not probably injure the credit of the 
 living soothsayer. ' Know therefore, that the uttermost 
 durance of Antichrist's dominion will be in the year 
 1673, as I have proved from Scripture in a brief chron- 
 ology, ready to be put forth.'* Cromwell, whose power 
 was just then preparing to be established, knew well the 
 dangerous tendency of such jargon, unless when used 
 by himself; but though he applied the civil arm to many 
 other dreamers of King Jesus, I believe he left the New 
 England seer to the safety of oblivion or contempt. A 
 more useful work, with a well written preface by him, 
 was two years after printed in London, by the same 
 printer, for the same Chapman, with the ludicrous prac- 
 nomen ' An Abstract of Laws and Government,' &c, 
 collected and digested by John Cotton, of Boston, in 
 N. E., in his lifetime presented to our General Court, 
 * and now published after his death by William Aspen- 
 wall.' This evidence of his talents is preserved in I. 
 Hist. Coll. V. 187. The respectable family bearing this 
 name in our times, is not descended from him, but Peter 
 Aspinwall, from Lancashire, in England." I find the 
 following short writ, in 1650, described by Hutchinson, 
 in this form, by which it appears he was brief in judicial 
 proceedings, if he was prolix in the religious nonsense 
 of the day viz :
 
 136 
 
 "To the Marshal or his Deputy: 
 
 " You are required to attach the goods or lands of William Ste- 
 vens, to the value of .100, so as to bind the same to be responsible 
 at the next Court at Boston, 29th of the 5th month, to answer the 
 complaint of Mr. James Astvvood, in an action of debt to the value 
 of <50, upon a bill of exchange ; and so make a true return hereof 
 under your hand. Dated 29th 2d month, 1650. 
 
 " per curiam, 
 
 " WILLIAM ASPINWALL." 
 
 
 This brevity is exceeded only by the warrant of an 
 Indian magistrate, in the early settlement of the country, 
 viz: 
 
 " I, Hihondi, 
 You, Peter Waterman, 
 Jeremy Thvvackit, 
 Q,uick you take him, 
 Fast you hold him, 
 Straight you bring him, 
 Before me. Hihondi." 
 
 FRANCIS CHICKERING, Dedham ; freeman 1640. . He 
 was Representative of that town in 1644 and 1653. He 
 was chosen one of the first Deacons of the first Church 
 there, 1650, and he delayed some time to accept his 
 appointment, on account of his affection and relation to 
 Mr. Phillips, in England. He was the ancestor of the 
 Chickerings of that town, and those removed thence. 
 He was the largest landholder in town, in his day. 
 
 JOHN PLYMPTON, Dedham probably the same with 
 the John Plumton, admitted freeman in 1643. 
 
 BENJAMIN SMITH, Lynn; freeman 1641, and was 
 born 1612. 
 
 EDWARD FLETCHER, Boston, cutler, was admitted 
 member of the Boston Church, and freeman, 1640. 
 
 JOHN GURNELL, freeman 1643. This name appears 
 Gumall on the old roll, but I am inclined to believe it 
 is Gurnell, for no trace can be found of any Gumall.
 
 137 
 
 THOMAS JONES, Dorchester ; freeman 1658 ; Deputy 
 at the March session, 1638, and consequently a member 
 when the charter was granted. 
 
 WILLIAM WARE, Boston ; freeman 1643, admitted a 
 townsman of Boston January 31st, 1653, and died Feb- 
 ruary llth, 1658.* 
 
 JOHN DAVIS, Boston, joiner ; member of the church 
 1635. 
 
 JAMES BROWNE, Boston; freeman 1636. 
 
 SAMUEL TITTERTON. I cannot find any trace of him. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN BARRELL, Boston, cooper ; elected En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1656 ; died August 29th, 1658. 
 
 JOHN BERNARD, Cambridge ; freeman 1635. 
 MATHEW BRIDGE, Cambridge. 
 
 THOMAS BRIDGE, Cambridge, in 1648. [Omitted in 
 the last edition.] 
 
 LIEUT. ROBERT TURNER, Boston ; freeman 1634 ; 
 elected Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1661, and Lieutenant 
 1662. 
 
 LIEUT. RICHARD COOKE, Boston, tailor; member of 
 the Church 1634; freeman 1635. He was Representa- 
 tive of Dover, N. H. in 1670. His will is dated 10th 
 mo. 18th, 1673, proved December 25th, 1673, wherein 
 he left a legacy to Harvard College. He was the father 
 of the celebrated Elisha Cooke, of Boston; and his 
 grandson, Elisha Cooke, jr. of no less historic fame, 
 who was of the Ar. Co. 1699. 
 
 CAPT WILLIAM DAVIS, Boston; freeman 164o. He 
 was Captain of a troop of horse, in Ninigret's war. He 
 
 was a merchant of celebrity ; by some he is represented 
 
 
 
 * I am at a loss to distinguish what additional privilege townsman would give, 
 which a freeman had not. I presume this must have been the ancestor of the Rev. 
 Professor Ware. 
 
 18
 
 138 
 
 as an apothecary,* probably because he first imported 
 drugs and medicine on a considerable scale. He repre- 
 sented Springfield in 1652; this arose from the cir- 
 cumstance of his having married, 1644, Margaret, the 
 daughter of William Pynchon, the Assistant, the founder 
 and leading inhabitant of that town. He was probably 
 the Representative of Haverhill, 1668. He was Commis- 
 sioner to King Philip, at Taunton, in 1671, in company 
 with William Hudson and Thomas Brattle, and was join- 
 ed with Gen. Leverett, afterwards Governor, as a Com- 
 missioner, united with the Connecticut Commissioners, 
 to the Dutch Governor, Stuyvesant, of New York, 1653. 
 He accompanied the brave Capt. Thomas Lake, in his 
 expedition to Kennebec, 1 676 probably their joint in- 
 terest in that quarter was " an exciting cause" and 
 with him escaped at a back door, when the Indians had 
 gained the fort, to the water's side, where Lake fell. 
 Davis was wounded, but made his escape. This was 
 rather a disastrous affair. Hutchinson, in a note, says, 
 " Davis was afterwards of the Council for Massachu- 
 setts Province" but I cannot find any corroborating 
 evidence. That he deserved to be there, is true. 
 
 Capt. Davis was elected Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1652, 
 Lieutenant in 1659 and 1663, and twice as Captain, in 
 1664 and 1672. His will is dated May 17th, 1676. 
 There is a tomb- stone in the Chapel burial-ground, 
 Boston, which says, Capt. William Davis, died 1675,f 
 JE . The tomb-stone was repaired by his great grand- 
 son, Edward Davis, with Connecticut free stone, which 
 is very perishable, and is now almost illegible. His son, 
 Maj. Benjamin Davis, was of the Ar. Co. 1673. He 
 stands at the head of the founders and members of the 
 Old South Church. 
 
 *The Boston Church Records style him apothecary. 
 
 t The discrepancy of the year may be accounted for by the architect who re- 
 paired the same, or his posterity not being accurate antiquarians.
 
 139 
 
 1644. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN SMITH, Boston, tailor ; admitted member 
 of the Church, 1638. He was a native of Ireland. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN TUTTLE, Ipswich in 1637 ; was Repre- 
 sentative, 1644. 
 
 THEODORE ADKINSON. He came from Bury, in Lan- 
 cashire, 1634, and settled at Boston, and died in August, 
 1701, aged 90. He was a felt-maker, by trade, and is 
 the ancestor of the distinguished family of that name, 
 in New Hampshire. He was one of the founders and 
 members of the Old South Church. 
 
 LIEUT. NATHANIEL WILLIAMS, Boston, laborer ; free- 
 man 1640; member of the Church, 1644. 
 
 CAPT. HENRY BRIDGHAM, of Dorchester in 1641, Bos- 
 ton 1644; freeman 1643. He was chosen Constable, 
 of Boston, 1653, and was a Captain of militia. His will 
 is dated 1670, proved 2d mo. 13th, 1671. Inventory 
 3608 19. He had several children. 
 
 MAJ. JOHN RICHARDS, Dorchester. He came into 
 the Colony in low circumstances, as Randolph says he 
 was a servant ; yet he became an opulent merchant in 
 Boston. He married Elizabeth, the widow of Adam 
 Winthrop, May 3d, 1654. He again married, Ann Win- 
 throp, the sister of Gen. Waitstill Winthrop, as appears 
 by the deed of marriage covenant. This may account 
 for his being promiscuously styled as of Boston and 
 Dorchester. He was a Captain of militia, and suc- 
 ceeded Thomas Clark as Sergeant-major of the Suffolk 
 regiment, in 1683, which office he retained through 
 Andross's administration, until 1689. He was Treas- 
 urer of Harvard College, 1672 to 1685. He was Judge 
 of the Superior Court in 1692; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 
 1665; Lieutenant 1667 and 14370 being twenty-six 
 years from his first becoming a member.
 
 140 
 
 He was admitted to the second Church in Boston 
 (I. Mather's) 1664, and was Representative for New- 
 bury in 1671, '2 and '3 for Hadley in 1675, and Bos- 
 ton in 1679 and 1680, and was Speaker. In 1680 he 
 was elected an Assistant, to 1686, when the usurpation 
 of Andross commenced. He was appointed one of the 
 first new Council under the charter of William and 
 Mary, 1 692, and continued in that office to his death, 
 which happened at Boston, April 2d, 1694. He had 
 been employed with Dudley, as agent in England, but 
 remained steady to what was called the country interest. 
 
 He bequeathed his widow all her property back, and 
 100 more, and also 100 plate and household stuff. 
 He gave also legacies, 100 to Harvard College, 100 
 to the town of Boston, and 100 to the second Church, 
 and also numerous other legacies. He left a very large 
 estate. His will was approved by the Probate Court, 
 but his widow, like most women who marry rich old 
 men in their decline, to grasp more to buy a new hus- 
 band, appealed to the Governor and Council, then the 
 Supreme Court of Probate, but by them the will was 
 ratified, May 31st, 1694. John Foster, Esq. of Boston, 
 Ar. Co. 1679, was one of his executors. I have never 
 yet heard that his name is remembered, commencement 
 days, by the College, nor has Boston yet named a street, 
 lane or alley, after him. He must have been quite aged, 
 allowing him to be only 21 years old when he joined the 
 Company. I have not been able to find any description 
 of his character, except what results from his official 
 stations and wealth. 
 
 JOHN READ, Braintree; freeman 1640. I suppose 
 him to be the eminent lawyer spoken of by Hutchinson. 
 
 HUGH WILLIAMS, Boston; freeman 1642. 
 
 LIEUT. MOSES PAINE, Braintree; freeman 1647; 
 Lieutenant of Militia, and Representative from that 
 town, in 1666 and 1668.
 
 141 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS CLARKE, Jr, Boston, shop-keeper 
 son of Major T. Clarke, Ar. Co. 1638 Representative 
 from Boston 1673, '4, 5 and '6. His son-in-law, Col. 
 N. Byfield, was of Ar. Co. 1679. His will was proved 
 July 10th, 1678. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1662 Cap- 
 tain 1673. In the former edition the title Major is 
 erroneous. 
 
 LIEUT. THOMAS ADAMS, Braintree, 1642; freeman 
 1643 ; removed to Concord 1646 afterward to Chelms- 
 ford, where he was the first Town Clerk ; Representa- 
 tive 1673 died July 20th, 1688, aged 76. 
 
 ROBERT WILLIAMS, Roxbury, husbandman; freeman 
 1638; came from Norwich, in England, "and is the 
 common ancestor of the divines, civilians, and warriors 
 of this name, who have honored the country of their 
 birth." The family estate at Roxbury belonged to his 
 descendants in 1826. 
 
 THOMAS ROBERTS, freeman 1645. 
 
 HENRY FARNAM probably the Henry Firnum free- 
 man 1645 sometimes spelt Farnham. 
 
 NATHANIEL MANWARRING. 
 
 HENRY KIBBY, Dorchester ; freeman 1642 on the 
 old roll, Kebby. Died July 10th, 1661. 
 
 RICHARD RUSSELL, Charlestown ; freeman 1641. 
 He came from Herefordshire, England, with Maud, his 
 wife, 1640 ; Representative 1642, and several years, and 
 Speaker of the House. In 1659 he was an Assistant, 
 and continued in that office sixteen years, until his 
 death, May 14th, 1676, aged 65. He succeeded Capt. 
 Bridges as Treasurer of the Colony. His grave-stone, 
 in the old burial-ground in Charlestown, says " Who 
 served his country as Treasurer more than treble ap- 
 prenticeship." He was therefore in public life more
 
 142 
 
 than thirty years. He gave a legacy of 100 to Har- 
 vard College, but little thereof was ever realized. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM PHILLIPS, Charlestown, in 1640; 
 freeman ; afterwards removed to Boston. Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1655 ; Lieutenant 1657. His will is dated 
 Sept. 9th, 1683. 
 
 ENSIGN ROBERT HALE, Charlestown ; a founder of 
 the Church there in 1632, and Deacon ; freeman 1634. 
 Ensign of the Train-band. He died July 19th, 1659. 
 
 JOSHUA TODD ; freeman 1639. 
 
 JOHN BAKER, Boston, 1640 husbandman ; freeman 
 1641 ; removed to Nevvbury ; member of the Boston 
 Church. 
 
 DEANE WINTHROP, ESQ. Boston ninth child and 
 sixth son of Gov. John Winthrop born March 16th, 
 1623; freeman 1665. He was concerned in the set- 
 tlement of Groton, which was probably named in honor 
 of his father, whose paternal seat was in Groton, in 
 Suffolk, England. He died at Pulling Point, March 
 16th, 1704, aged 81. 
 
 WILLIAM BURCHAM. 
 GEORGE CLIFFORD. 
 
 JOHN ARNOLD, Cambridge; freeman 1635 Arnoll 
 on the old roll. 
 
 HERMAN AD WOOD, freeman 1645. Farmer says 
 Harman Atwood. 
 
 ROBERT CROSSMAN, Taunton. 
 
 ROBERT WARE, husbandman; freeman 1647 Ded- 
 ham, in that part now Wrentham. Will, Feb. 25th, 
 1698, speaks of "his great age." 
 
 GEORGE FAIRBANK, Medfield. Administration May 
 31st, 1683.
 
 143 
 
 GEORGE BERSTOW, Scituate. 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS WELLS, Ipswich; freeman 1637. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1644. Died in October, 1666. 
 
 ANDREW DUEN, Natick. 
 
 (JOHN) WOODBRIDGE. On the old roll there is no 
 Christian name. I have strong reason to believe it was 
 John, brother of the first graduate at Harvard College ; 
 born at Stanton, in Wiltshire, in 1613; came to New 
 England in 1634 ; settled at Newbury as a planter, and 
 was Town Clerk ; but, becoming a preacher, he was 
 ordained at Andover, October 1645, their first minister. 
 He went to England in 1647 ; returned in July, 1663, 
 and took up his residence in Newbury ; an Assistant in 
 1683, and acted as a magistrate till his death, March 
 17th, 1695. Wells and Harris, of Ipswich, his neighbors, 
 joining just before and after, is strong corroboration 
 that he was the person. To a person of his surname is 
 to be attributed the origin of paper money. Hutchinson 
 says his name was Woodbridge, a New England man, 
 and calls him the projector , about 1690. Snow men- 
 tions a Mr. Woodbridge, school-master in Boston 
 
 in 1644. 
 
 ANTHONY Harris, Ipswich. 
 
 EDWARD LARKIN, Charlestown ; freeman 1640. Had 
 children. 
 
 THOMAS PHILLIPS. 
 
 ISAAC WALKER, Boston, merchant; freeman 1646. 
 Lieutenant Isaac Walker, Ar. Co. 1676, probably his 
 son. Member of the Old South Church. 
 
 JOHN BUTLER, Boston; freeman 1635; physician; 
 administration Oct. 5th, 1682. 
 
 ANTHONY FISHER, Dedham that part now called 
 Wrentham freeman 1645; perhaps brother of Joshua
 
 144 
 
 and Daniel, before mentioned. He died at Dorchester, 
 about 1670. Inventory, 359 5 2. 
 
 DAVID KELLY, Boston ; had children. 
 
 PETER SALTON STALL, youngest son of Sir Richard, of 
 VVatertown. It is from this son that the Saltonstalls in 
 Haverhill descended Col. Richard, Ar. Co. 1733, a 
 grandson of Peter. 
 
 RALPH FOGG, Salem; freeman 1634. He died in 
 London, 1674. 
 
 We have thus described the characters of the distin- 
 guished members of the Company, during the first years 
 of its establishment ; by which the reader can obtain a 
 just conception of the views, manners and principles of 
 the first settlers of the Colony. Two hundred and 
 forty-five have been noticed, borne on the roll in eight 
 years under the charter, of all occupations and profes- 
 sions ; distinguished citizens, municipal officers, dea- 
 cons, and almost all church members ; widely scattered 
 in the Colony and adjacent parts. The popularity and 
 usefulness of the Artillery Company must have been 
 widely extended, when composed of such venerable and 
 efficient materials. Then, its origin was from the most 
 laudable motives, its increase most rapid, and conse- 
 quently its usefulness became extensive. Indeed, all 
 its first members were the most distinguished and hon- 
 orable men in the country. Gov. Winthrop, although 
 at first somewhat averse to granting the charter, be- 
 came its decided friend ; for Stephen, Adam and Deane, 
 three of his sons, as they respectively came of age, were 
 members. 
 
 The first regular organization of the Militia of Mas- 
 sachusetts having taken place during 1644, it is proper 
 to give a more comprehensive view thereof; since that 
 fact is intimately connected with the Company, and
 
 most of the officers of the volunteer train-bands, and 
 the militia, were members of it. The knowledge they 
 there acquired, and disseminated through the militia at 
 large, rendered the institution a Nursery of Soldiers 
 a name which it long deservedly retained. 
 
 The scattered situation of the voluntary train-bands, 
 and the necessity of union and concert induced the 
 General Court to organize the militia in 164i, for the 
 purpose of being in a ready posture for emergencies. 
 The emulation of the people was excited to aid the gov- 
 ernment by training frequently the citizens, and the lib- 
 eral contributions in labor and money to effect a strong 
 bulwark of defence. Great exertions were made every 
 where, to render the militia efficient, and even boys un- 
 der sixteen were instructed in various exercises ; all 
 males were enrolled at sixteen. The soldiers were to 
 do duty eight days in every year, for the neglect of 
 wKich, an individual incurred a penalty of five shillings 
 per day ; none being exempted but " timorous persons" 
 for the honor of the age, it is recorded, they were 
 " few." A day's duty was a whole day of constant, 
 laborious exercise, not a few hours spent in parade. 
 
 The Legislature labored to avoid high titles ; yet, 
 order they knew was necessary, and therefore enacted 
 that there should be but one general officer in the Col- 
 ony, with the title of Major General, or Sergeant-major 
 General, commonly so called ; to be annually chosen 
 by the Legislature, or Governor and magistrates, who 
 were a standing council in peace and war, and commis- 
 sioned under the great seal of the Colony. John Hum- 
 frey had been Sergeant-major General several years 
 before, but the office was merely nominal and honorary. 
 One Major General sufficed for the whole State, in all 
 its vicissitudes, for nearly one hundred and fifty years. 
 
 The Colony was divided into four Counties, and, to 
 exhibit to posterity that " they remembered from whence 
 
 19
 
 146 
 
 they came, were called Suffolk, Norfolk, or Northfolk, 
 Essex and Middlesex." That part called Norfolk is 
 now principally within the limits of the State of New 
 Hampshire. It was further enacted, that in each of 
 these four Counties there should be a regiment, to be 
 commanded by one officer, whom they styled Sergeant- 
 major. The officers of the several companies were to 
 be chosen from the major vote of the soldiers, and were 
 installed into their office by the Sergeant-major. It ap- 
 pears by the Colony Records, that when a company had 
 elected officers, the election was communicated to the 
 General Court, and they approved or disapproved ; and 
 probably the ceremony of installation then took place. 
 It is presumed no other commissions were given, unless 
 such an order from the Governor and Deputy as that 
 described under C apt. Daniel Howe may be so consid- 
 ered. The ornaments or badges of the officers, were 
 
 
 
 extremely simple ; for, even at the commencement of 
 our Revolution, different colored ribbons were the dis- 
 tinguishing badges of office. Our ancestors were stu- 
 dious to avoid every thing which tended to excite the 
 vanity of the officers, both as it regards titles and deco- 
 rations. The Sergeant-majors were elected by the 
 Captains and subalterns in the respective regiments ; 
 but how they were installed, or whether they were com- 
 missioned, remains an uncertainty. This was the man- 
 ner in which the militia was first organized, and the 
 system was adhered to until the arrival of Andros, in 
 1686.* 
 
 The General Court, in 1644, elected as Sergeant- 
 Major General, the much honored Thomas Dudley, 
 
 *J-Iutchinson says: " Upon the division of the Colony into Regiments, Colonels 
 and Lieutenant Colonels were appointed to each Regiment. This lasted but a 
 short time; ever after they had one field officer only to every Regiment, a Ser- 
 geant-major and a Major General for the whole. He was chosen by the freemen." 
 I presume there was no such officer in the Colony before the new charter as Col. 
 or Lieut. Col. in its Militia.
 
 147 
 
 Esq, whose name is subscribed to the Company Char- 
 ter as Deputy Governor. He never was a member, but 
 many of his descendants have been. His faithfulness in 
 office, great zeal in the affairs of the colony, distinguish- 
 ed military talents, and " love of the truths of Christ, 
 led the people to choose him as their Major General, 
 although he was far stricken in years." Capt. John 
 Johnson, of Roxbury, was appointed Surveyor General 
 of Arms ; his duty was to visit the towns, and see they 
 kept their stock of ammunition. The bands of Nor- 
 folk, viz. Salisbury, Hampton and Haverhill were at 
 first joined with the Essex regiment, and no account is 
 preserved of their original organization. The follow- 
 ing exhibits a Roster of the other regiments as far as 
 can now be ascertained, viz : 
 
 Suffolk Regiment. 
 
 Towns. 
 Dorchester, 
 
 Edward Gibbens, 
 
 Captains. 
 Humphrey Atherton. 
 
 Sergeant-major. 
 Lieutenants. 
 Roger Clap. 
 
 Ensigns. 
 Hopestil Foster. 
 
 Roxbury, 
 Weymouth, 
 Braintree, 
 Ilingham, 
 Boston, 
 
 Cambridge, 
 Watertown, 
 Sudbury, 
 Concord, 
 Woburn, 
 Maiden, 
 Reading, 
 Charlestown, 
 
 Hugh Pritchard. 
 William Perkins. 
 William Tyng. 
 Bozoun Allen, 
 vacant. 
 
 Middlesex 
 
 Robert Sedgwick 
 
 O 
 
 George Cooke. 
 William Jennison. 
 Herbert Pelharri. 
 Simon Willard. 
 Edward Johnson. 
 Joseph Hill. 
 Richard Walker, 
 vacant. 
 
 Joshua Hewes. 
 William Torrey. 
 
 Anthony Eames. 
 Thomas Savage. 
 
 Regiment. 
 
 , Sergeant-major. 
 Daniel Gookin. 
 Hugh Mason. 
 Edmund Goodenow. 
 
 John Whitman. 
 
 
 
 Thos. Cakebread. 
 Timothy Wheeler. 
 
 
 
 Francis Norton. 
 
 
 Richard Sprague. 
 
 Salem, 
 Newbury, 
 
 Essex Regiment. 
 
 Daniel Dennison, Sergeant-major. 
 William Hathorne.* Thomas Lathrop. 
 Gerrish. Greenleaf. 
 
 William Dixie. 
 
 'Those in Italics were not members.
 
 148 
 
 Lynn, Robert Bridges. 
 
 Rowley, Bridgham. 
 
 Ipswich, vacant. Vacant by the death of Lieut. John 
 
 Whittingham. 
 Gloucester, Wenham, Andover, had made no election. 
 
 These regiments were by law to assemble by turns 
 once in each year. Winthrop describes a great train- 
 ing in Boston, in 1639. " The two regiments in the 
 Bay were mustered at Boston, to the number of 1000 
 soldiers, able men, and well armed and exercised. 
 They were led, the one by the Governor, who was 
 General of all, and the other by the Deputy, whe was 
 Colonel, &LC. The Captains, &c., showed themselves 
 very skilful and ready in divers sorts of skirmishes and 
 other military actions, wherein they spent the whole 
 day." Here was collected for the first and only time 
 the whole body of the Massachusetts militia. Johnson, 
 (whom Savage thinks " is chiefly valued for his military 
 array of the people in their several settlements,"} gives 
 us many interesting particulars respecting the charac- 
 ters of the officers of that day. Beside those already 
 occasionally introduced, he says of Simon Willard " he 
 was a Kentish soldier;" of Hathorne, he "was bold 
 and worthy a man of undaunted courage ;" Greenleaf 
 " ancient and experienced." He then adds respecting 
 the whole, " also some of our chief helps, both for 
 church work, military and Commonwealth's work " A 
 troop of horse was raised about this time ; Capt. Wil- 
 liam Davis is named as its commander : " it was a fre- 
 quent thing for the officers to turn troopers, when their 
 own regiment is not in exercise, for the encouragement 
 of others." 
 
 1645. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. DANIEL GOOKIN, Cambridge, emigrated 
 with his father, in 1621, from the County of Kent to 
 Virginia, where, in consequence of religious persecu-
 
 149 
 
 tions he came to New England in 1644. He was ad- 
 mitted a freeman May 29th, 1644. It was unusual for 
 so speedy admission to freedom. The New England 
 Missionaries of 1642 induced his removal. The Mng- 
 nalia regards him as one of the " constellation" of con- 
 verts made by Thompson. 
 
 " Gookins was one of them : by Thompson's pains," 
 " Christ and New England, a dear Gookins gains." 
 
 He was admitted to Boston Church same year, whence 
 he was dismissed to Cambridge September 3d, 1648 ; 
 Representative from Cambridge in 1649, and Speaker 
 1651 ; Assistant 1652 to 1686, and died March 19th 
 1687, aged 75. He left children. 
 
 He succeeded William Spencer as Lieutenant of the 
 Cambridge Train-band, and on Capt. George Cooke's 
 departure was elected Captain ; thence promoted to be 
 Sergeant-major of Middlesex regiment. He command- 
 ed the first regiment of Middlesex on the division in 
 1680, and Peter Bulkley of Concord the second, and 
 llth May 1681 succeeded Gov. Leverett as Sergeant- 
 Major General, being the last person elected to that 
 office under the old Charter. He never sustained any 
 any office in the Ar. Co. " He had been," says John- 
 son, " formerly a Kentish soldier, and a very forward 
 man to advance martial discipline, and withal the truths 
 of Christ ; and was drawn hither from Virginia, by 
 having his affections strongly set on the truths of Christ, 
 and his pure ordinances." 
 
 He was thirty-five years a magistrate, and sustained 
 many important offices, among which was licenser of 
 the printing press in Cambridge, and general superin- 
 tendent of the Indians. " His reputation," says Savage, 
 " in the present age stands justly higher than it did dur- 
 ing a part of his life, when his benevolent attempts to 
 serve and save the Indians were misinterpreted, much
 
 150 
 
 obloquy was uttered against him, and he said on the 
 bench of justice, that he was afraid for his life in walk- 
 ing the streets." 
 
 He died poor, his inventory being only 323 3 11. 
 He was in disposition lively and active, which, united 
 with generosity, prompted him to noble actions. Al- 
 though somewhat tinctured with party spirit, both in 
 religion and politics, yet he was a firm, dignified repub- 
 lican, and prized as invaluable religious freedom. As a 
 magistrate he held the sword of justice with effect, to 
 protect the rights of his brethren ; and as a soldier, was 
 ever ready to wield the same sword against the enemies 
 of his country. Piety and morality shone conspicuous 
 in his character ; he had firmness in a just cause to stem 
 the torrent of popular invective, and convince his op- 
 ponents of the wisdom and integrity of his conduct. 
 
 CAPT. ELIAS STILEMAN, Salem; freeman 1642. He 
 was admitted to the church 18th August, 1639, and re- 
 moved to Portsmouth, 1659, which he represented seven 
 years. He was Counsellor under President Cutt, 1680 ; 
 Secretary of New Hampshire, and served as Captain in 
 the militia. His residence was sometime at Great 
 Island, now New Castle. He died in 1695. 
 
 THOMAS VENNER, Salem, wine-cooper ; was admitted 
 t6 the church 1637 ; freeman 1638, when he probably 
 lived in Boston. He returned to England, and became 
 a preacher to a sect of enthusiasts called Fifth Monarchy 
 men, who raised an insurrection, which was suppressed 
 by the civil power, when Venner, with twelve of his 
 followers, who declared themselves invulnerable, was 
 executed, in January, 1661. 
 
 CAPT. JOSHUA SCOTTOW, Boston, merchant ; freeman 
 1639. He was a Captain of militia ; Ensign of the Ar. 
 Co. 1657. He was the author of two tracts, published 
 in Boston in 1691 and 1694. He is said to have died
 
 151 
 
 1698. His name appears in a controversy, 1665, be- 
 tween the Court and the King's Commissioners, as ap- 
 pears by Hutchinson. He was an ancestor of the 
 learned antiquarian, Hon. James Savage, maternally. 
 He was a founder of the Old South Church. 
 
 WILLIAM WALE. 
 
 THOMAS RASHLEY, Boston ; member of Boston 
 Church 1640, and is called a student. He was of 
 Exeter, N. H. in 1646 ; minister of the first Congre- 
 gational Church in Gloucester, 1 640 ; probably he con- 
 tinued there but a short time, as the Rev. Richard Blyn- 
 man was settled over the same church the next year. 
 
 CAPT. ISAAC JOHNSON, Roxbury; freeman 1635; 
 Captain in Roxbury, and their Representative, 1671 ; 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1666, and Captain in 1667. 
 He was one of the six Captains slain by the Indians in 
 taking Narragansett Fort, Dec. 19th, 1675. A short 
 will of his is dated June 28th, 1675. Inventory, 
 579 12 6. 
 
 JOHN BOWLES, Roxbury ; freeman 1640. 
 
 WILLIAM LYON, Roxbury ; freeman 1666 ; died in 
 1692. 
 
 ROBERT HINSDALE, Medfield, (Dedham originally,) 
 freeman 1638; a founder of the church, Nov. 1638, 
 and removed to Deerfield. 
 
 DANIEL KIHAM, (Kilhen on the old roll.) 
 
 CLEMENT KOLDOM, Lynn, miller; born 1622, and 
 died April 8th, 1675; spelt Coldom on the old roll. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS LATHROP, (Lothrop,) Salem ; free- 
 man 1634 ; Lieutenant of the Salem Train-band, under 
 Hathorne, in 1644, and his successor as Captain ; Rep- 
 resentative 1647, 1653 and 1664, from Salem. He re- 
 moved to Beverly, and was a founder of the church
 
 152 
 
 there, 1 667, and represented Beverly four years. He 
 was many years Captain, and sustained that office in 
 Philip's war, when, with more than sixty of his men, he 
 was killed in battle, near Deerfield, Sept. 18th, 1675. 
 Increase Mather calls him " a godly courageous com- 
 mander." He left a widow, but no children. 
 
 CAPT. ISRAEL STOUGHTON, Dorchester son of Lieut. 
 Col. Israel Stoughton. 
 
 JOHN HUTCHINSON. 
 
 HENRY PARKER. 
 
 1646. 
 
 JOHN SHAW, Boston ; had several children ; died 
 July 23d, 1687. 
 
 EDMUND JACKSON, Boston ; freeman 1636 ; shoema- 
 ker, and constable. He died in 1683, having had four 
 wives and fifteen children. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN CAPEN, Dorchester ; freeman 1634 ; Cap- 
 tain of militia; Deacon 1656; Representative 1671, 
 1673 to 1678. He died April 4th, 1692, aged 80. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM CLARKE, Ipswich, one of the first 
 settlers, 1633 ; freeman 1631. Lewis supposes he was 
 of Lynn. 
 
 WILLIAM BLAKE, Dorchester ; freeman 1638. Some 
 think he was one of the first settlers of Springfield. 
 There was a William Blake of Milton, husbandman, 
 whose will appears Sept. 30th, 1703. 
 
 MAJ. BRIAN PENDLETON, born 1599; came early to 
 New England, and settled at Watertown ; freeman 
 1634 ; Selectman of Sudbury, where he resided ; Rep- 
 resentative of Watertown several years, and when the 
 charter was granted. He was a Captain of militia ; 
 removed to Portsmouth, which he represented in 1654, 
 '8, '60, '1, '3 ; Major of the military forces at Saco; by
 
 153 
 
 order of the Court ; purchased a neck of land at the 
 mouth of Saco river, 1658 ; removed thither 1665 ; re- 
 turned to Portsmouth in 1676 ; appointed a Counsellor 
 under President Danforth, 1680, in which, or the next 
 year, he died. 
 
 JOHN RUGGLES, Roxbury ; freeman 1637 ; died about 
 1658. Some say this person was of Milton, and a hus- 
 bandman. 
 
 CAPT. GEORGE BARBER, Medfield ; Representative 
 1668, '9 and '82, in which place he was the principal 
 military officer. 
 
 WILLIAM PARSONS, Boston, joiner; freeman 1645; 
 admitted to the church 1643 ; died January 29th, 1702, 
 aged 87. 
 
 RICHARD WITHINGTON, Dorchester; freeman 1640. 
 Whittington on the old roll. He was ordained Deacon 
 March 1st, 1669. 
 
 EDMUND BOWKER, Salem; died March, 1666. 
 RICHARD HARRISON. 
 
 CAPT. ROBERT HARDING, Boston; freeman 1631; 
 (Selectman.) 
 
 HUGH GUNNISON, Boston; admitted to the church 
 1634; freeman 1636. His estate was situated at the 
 head of the cove, Dock square, near Elm street. He 
 probably was of Kittery 1652, and Representative of 
 Wells 1654. He had several children born in Boston. 
 He was one of the persons disarmed, 1637. He was a 
 servant to Gov. Bellingham, say the Boston Church 
 Records. 
 
 EDWARD PRESTON, Boston. 
 
 NATHANIEL NEWGATE, Boston son of John. 
 
 CAPT. ROGER CLAP, born in Saleom, Devonshire, 
 England, of respectable parents, April 6th, 1609, and
 
 154 
 
 embarked with the Rev. Messrs. Maverick and Warham, 
 at Plymouth, among the first company that settled this 
 side of Salem. He, with his friends, were set on shore 
 at Nantasket (Hull) by the captain of the ship, May 
 30th, 1630. With difficulty they reached the mouth of 
 Charles river, in an open boat, where but few English 
 were to be found. At first they contemplated settling 
 near Watertown ; but, upon receiving advice from Gov. 
 Winthrop, removed to Dorchester. In his memoirs,* 
 written by himself, Capt. Clap says : " Planting time 
 being over, shortly after, provisions were not to be had 
 for money. When I could have meal and water and 
 salt^ boiled together, it was so good, who could wish 
 better ? In our beginning, many were in great straights 
 for want of provisions for themselves and their little 
 ones. Oh ! the hunger that many suffered, and saw 
 no hope, in an eye of reason, to be supplied, only by 
 clams, and muscles and fish. We quickly built boats, 
 and some went a fishing ; but bread was with many a 
 very scarce thing ; and flesh of all kinds was scarce." 
 
 Capt. Clap was admitted freeman 1634; a founder 
 of the Church in Dorchester, in 1630, and continued 
 a member sixty years. Lieutenant of the Dorchester 
 Train-band in 1644 ; afterwards Captain. Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1655. He died February 2d, 1690-1, 
 aged 82. 
 
 In 1665, immediately after the death of Davenport, 
 the General Court appointed Capt. Clap to the com- 
 mand of Castle William, which office he held until, 
 foreseeing the approaching political troubles, and being 
 aged, he resigned, 1686. After the new charter, the 
 command became a sinecure, and was usually assigned 
 the Lieut. Governor. This fort was burnt down, March 
 21st, 1672-3, while he commanded, but was immedi- 
 
 * Printed by his descendants, a few years since. t Hasty-pudding.
 
 155 
 
 ately rebuilt. It is said of him, that his soldiers were 
 considered and treated as of his own family, and none 
 were permitted to be enlisted but pious, as well as brave 
 men. He was Representative from Dorchester 1652, 
 fourteen years. So greatly was he beloved by the pious 
 people of Dorchester, that, in the year 1676, "when 
 taken sick, they kept a day of fasting* and prayer to 
 beg his life of God, and, when he recovered, a day of 
 thanksgiving." 
 
 It appears he was owner of a large landed estate in 
 North-Hampton, where one of his sons settled, and be- 
 came their Captain of Train-band, ruling Elder, and 
 Representative. The respectable family of his name 
 there are his descendants. His grave-stone, in the 
 Chapel ground, is standing, on which his name is 
 plainly legible. He was buried with much pomp ; the 
 military officers, probably the Ar. Co., preceding the 
 corpse ; the Governor and General Court following the 
 relations as mourners, and the guns firing at the castle. 
 His descendants have been numerous in Dorchester 
 and vicinity. " In his natural temper he was of a 
 cheerful and pleasant disposition, courteous and kind 
 in behaviour, free and familiar in his conversation, yet 
 attended with proper reservedness, and he had a gravity 
 and presence that commanded respect." 
 
 1647. 
 
 ROGER WILLIAMS, Massachusetts, in 1630. He is the 
 person who requested to be made freeman Oct. 19th, 
 1630, and probably was the early settler of Windsor, 
 Conn. There is no other of the name, except the fa- 
 mous Roger Williams of Rhode Island. 
 
 THOMAS BUMSTEAD, Boston ; freeman 1640. His 
 will was proved August 4th, 1677. His grave-stone, in 
 
 *As to fasting: Morton's Memorial, p. 99 and note "Smith relates that the 
 religious services, in the early settlement, were from eight to nine hours."
 
 156 
 
 the Granary ground, says, " Thomas Bumsted, died June 
 22d, 1677." This name is sometimes Bomsted, in the 
 book of possessions. His estate was opposite the burial- 
 ground, a valuable portion of which has remained in the 
 family ever since, and was lately the residence of Maj. 
 Thos. Bumstead, Ar. Co. 1764. The elegant blocks of 
 Hamilton and Bumstead place stand on his land, also the 
 Masonic Temple. Winthrop says, (1644) " A private 
 matter or two fell out about this time, the power and 
 mercy of the Lord did appear in them in an extraordi- 
 nary manner. A child of one Bumstead, a member of 
 the church, fell from a gallery in the meeting-house, 
 and broke the arm and shoulder, and was also commit- 
 ted to the Lord in the prayers of the church, with 
 earnest desires, that the place where his people assem- 
 bled to his worship might not be defiled with blood, and 
 it pleased the Lord also that this child was soon per- 
 fectly recovered." One thing is very singular in this 
 person, viz. his second daughter was Mary, the wife of 
 Ambrose Dawes, and his third Mary also, the wife of 
 Samuel Bosworth. 
 
 JOHN HANSETT, Braintree, 1644 Hansell on the old 
 roll. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN HILL, Boston, merchant ; admitted to 
 the Boston Church 1645; freeman 1646; Captain of 
 militia. An original grantee of the mill-pond lands and 
 mill. The Mill Creek is traced to this grant, July 31st, 
 1643. 
 
 ABRAHAM BUSBY, freeman 1650. 
 
 GILES PIERSON. The same so appears on the old 
 roll. I think, however, it should be Giles Payson, of 
 Roxbury, freeman 1631 ; Deacon there, who died Feb. 
 28th, 1689, aged 78.
 
 157 
 
 1648. 
 
 THOMAS RICHARDS, ESQ. Boston ; freeman 1645. A 
 donor to Harvard College. 
 
 SAMUEL OLIVER, Boston, brother of Capt. James and 
 Peter, before named ; member of the Boston Church 
 1642. He was drowned March 27th, 1652. 
 
 PETER BRACKETT, Braintree ; freeman 1643 ; Bracket 
 on the old roll, probably a son of Capt. Richard Bracket, 
 Ar. Co. 1639, and went with his father to Braintree, of 
 which town he was Representative in 1644, '5, '6, 1653, 
 1660, 1 662. He then returned to Boston ; was a found- 
 er of the Old South Church, 1 669, and one of their first 
 Deacons. Representative of Scarborough, Me. 1673 
 and '4. 
 
 SAMUEL CARTER, Charlestown ; freeman 1647. 
 
 JACOB SHEAFE, Boston ; came from Canbrooke, in 
 Kent, Eng. He died March 22d, 1658, and his tomb- 
 stone stands in the Chapel ground ; that says, died in 
 1 653 the figure 3 was probably 8, originally. He was 
 the ancestor of the distinguished family of Sheafe, in 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 JOHN COLE, Lynn, in 1641 ; died Oct. 8th, 1703. 
 CORNET NICHOLAS DAVISON, Charlestown, merchant. 
 
 WILLIAM STITSON, Charlestown ; freeman 1633 on 
 the old roll Stidson. He was Deacon there, and Rep- 
 resentative 1667 to 1671. 
 
 THOMAS SQUIRE, freeman 1634. 
 
 CALEB FOOTE ancestor of Hon. Caleb Foote, of 
 Salem.
 
 158 
 
 1649. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN CARNES, Boston. No such name is on 
 the old roll. In Barnes's list, as made out, no officers 
 appear that year, but the name of John Games was 
 inserted at some after date, if we regard the autograph 
 and ink ; I have seen a printed list of Captains in an 
 old Almanack, which has his name as Captain this year. 
 I also obtained some traditionary information which 
 corroborates the fact. There was a Capt. John Carnes, 
 an officer of the Navy, about this time ; and as he was 
 of the Parliament's Navy, and is said to have been in 
 Boston at the time, it seems probable that he was elect- 
 ed Captain of the Ar. Co. If he was, it is the first in- 
 stance, rarely resorted to, of a man's being elected to 
 any office the year of his admission. In modern times 
 it is more common, but seldom to any other office than 
 Commander, and always some very distinguished indi- 
 vidual. 
 
 THOMAS HAWKINS probably son of Capt. Thomas, 
 Ar. Co. 1638 ; died young. 
 
 STEPHEN PAINE, Braintree ; freeman 1653 probably 
 brother of Lieut. Moses, Ar. Co. 1644. 
 
 1650. 
 
 CAPT. BOZOUN ALLEN, Hingham ; freeman 1641 ; 
 merchant ; came from Lynn, England, and settled at 
 Hingham, 1638. Representative 1643, eight years. 
 Lincoln, in his valuable History, says : " He was often 
 a Deputy, a military officer, and an influential citizen 
 of Hingham." His son, Bozoun, was of the Ar. Co. 
 1676. 
 
 3d mo. 14th, 1645 : " This Court fell out a troublesome business. 
 The town of Hingham, having one Eames their Lieutenant sev.en or 
 eight years, had lately chosen him Captain, and had presented him
 
 159 
 
 to the Standing Council for allowance ; but, before it was accom- 
 plished, the greater part of the town took some light occasion of 
 offence against him, and chose one Allen Captain, and presented 
 him to the magistrates. But the magistrates, considering the injury 
 that would hereby accrue to Eames, (who had been their chief com- 
 mander so many years, and had deserved well in his place, and that 
 Allen had no other skill, but what he learned from Eames,) refused 
 to allow of Allen, but willed both sides to return home, and every 
 officer to keep his place, until the Court should take further order. 
 Upon their return home, the messengers, who came for Allen, called 
 a private meeting of their own party, and told them truly what an- 
 swer they received from the magistrates, and soon after they appoint- 
 ed a training-day, (without their Lieutenant's knowledge,) and being 
 assembled, the Lieutenant hearing of it, came to them, and would 
 have exercised them, as he was wont to do, but those of the other 
 party refused to follow him, except he would show them some order 
 for it. He told them of the magistrates' order about it ; the others 
 replied, that authority had advised him to go home and lay down his 
 place honorably. Another asked, what the magistrates had to do 
 with them ? Another, that it was but three or four of the magis- 
 trates, and if they had been all there, it had been nothing, for Mr. 
 Allen had brought more for them from the Deputies, than the Lieu- 
 tenant had from the magistrates. Another of them professeth he 
 will die at the sword's point, if Re might not have the choice of his 
 own officers. Another (viz. the Clerk of the Band) stands up above 
 the people, and requires them to vote, whether they would bear them 
 out in what was past, and what was to come. This being assented 
 unto, and the tumult continuing, one of the officers (he who had told 
 them that authority had advised the Lieutenant to go home and lay 
 down his place) required Allen to take the Captain's place ; but he 
 not then accepting it, they put it to the vote, whether he should 
 be their Captain. The vote passing for it, he then told the Com- 
 pany, it was now past question, and therefore Allen accepted it, 
 and exercised the Company two or three days, only about a third 
 part of them followed the Lieutenant. He, having denied in the 
 open field, that authority had advised him to lay down his place, and 
 putting (in some sort) the lie upon those who had so reported, was 
 the next Lord's day called to answer it before the church, and he 
 standing to maintain what he had said, five witnesses were produced 
 to convince him. Some of them affirmed the words, the others ex- 
 plained their meaning to be, that one magistrate had so advised him. 
 He denied both. Whereupon the Pastor, one Mr. Hubbert, brother 
 to three of the principal in this sedition, was very forward to have
 
 160 
 
 excommunicated the Lieutenant presently, but upon some opposi- 
 tion, it was put off to the next day."* 
 
 Eames thereupon complained to the Deputy Governor 
 and other magistrates, who sent a warrant for three of 
 the Hobarts, but the minister, their brother, got to Bos- 
 ton before them, and complained against the complain- 
 ants, as tale-bearers, &,c, and " taking it very disdain- 
 fully that his brethren had been sent for by a constable," 
 used "high speeches," and " so provoking, as some of 
 the magistrates told him, that, if it were not for respect 
 to his ministry, they would commit him." Others were 
 afterwards sent for, and all were bound over to appear 
 at the next Court of Assistants. The elders were sent 
 for to Hingham and try to pacify matters, and Winthrop 
 finally was tried before his brother magistrates for mal- 
 administration ; but he managed so discreetly and with 
 so much humility, that he was acquitted honorably. 
 This famous riot, contempt of authority, and interfer- 
 ence of priestcraft, was finally subdued, and all parties, 
 Captain, Lieutenant, the whole Train-band, and even 
 the Minister, were fined ; total of persons, 95 fines, 
 155. Allen held the Captaincy, and the Lieutenant 
 paid 5 fine, and became reconciled to his supercedure. 
 Allen and Hubbert, both Deputies at the time, acted as 
 such before the General Court, in the trial of their own 
 case. 
 
 He removed to Boston, and there died, Sept. 14th, 
 1652. His will was dated at Boston, Sept. 9th, 1652, 
 and proved June, 1653. Inventory, 1653. 
 
 ZACHEUS BOSWORTH, Boston; freeman 1636; died 
 July 28th, 1655. His house was at the south-west cor- 
 ner of School street. He was disarmed, 1637. 
 
 WILLIAM COTTON, Boston, butcher ; freeman 1647. 
 
 Winthrop, vol. II. p. 221.
 
 161 
 
 CAPT. NICHOLAS SIMPKINS, Boston. In the Addenda 
 of Winthrop, mo. 5th, 14th, (1636,) " Nic Simpkins 
 brought before the Governor and J. Winthrop for brav- 
 ing the Lieutenant Morris, and telling him in public that 
 he lied, &c. ' He confessed the words, but refused to 
 acknowledge it a fault, or to ask his pardon in the mer- 
 cate place. So we committed him. 16th, upon his 
 submission and acknowledgment that he had done ill, 
 we took his bond in 20 to appear at the next Court, 
 and left him at liberty. Besides he was ill, and we 
 feared he would grow distracted, &c." I suppose he 
 was then Ensign, or Sergeant, at the fort, under Morris, 
 for he became afterward the Captain thereof. 
 
 GEORGE HALSET. 
 
 JACOB GREEN, Charlestown ; freeman 1 650 ; Repre- 
 sentative 1677 son of John, Ar. Co. 1639. 
 
 1651. 
 
 LIEUT. JAMES DAVIS, Boston; freeman 1635; mari- 
 ner ; member of the church. 1 believe this person to 
 be the " Mr. Davies, a rich merchant," spoken of by 
 Hutchinson. 
 
 WILLIAM LUDKIN, Hingham, 1637; freeman 1638; 
 was drowned, near Boston, March 27th, 1 652. 
 
 STRONG FURNELL, Boston; freeman 1643. 
 SIMON TUTTLE, Ipswich ; died January, 1692. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1651, by John Cotton, 
 Boston. 
 
 1652. 
 
 CORNET WILLIAM HASEY, Boston ; Rumney Marsh, 
 yeoman, on whose estate there appears an administra- 
 tion in Suff. Prob. Rec. Farmer thinks this is William 
 Hersey, of Hingham, freeman 1638 ; but the name is 
 very plain on the old roll. 
 
 21
 
 162 
 
 THOMAS EDSALL, Boston. 
 
 HENRY EVANS, Boston, husbandman; freeman 1645. 
 A member of the Boston Church. 
 
 ALEXANDER ADAMS, Boston; freeman 1648; ship- 
 wright ; married Mary, sister of Tristram Coffin. 
 
 ISAAC ADDINGTON, Boston; freeman 1650. Father 
 of Isaac Addington, the Assistant. This Christian name 
 is Israel on the old roll probably a mistake. 
 
 LIEUT. HENRY ADAMS, eldest son of Henry, the great 
 ancestor of the Adams family, was of Braintree, 1640, 
 but removed to Medfield, 1649, where he was Town 
 Clerk, and Representative in 1659, 1665, 1674 and '5; 
 Lieutenant of the Train-band there. Mather, in his 
 history of Philip's war, says he was killed at his own 
 door by the Indians, Feb. 21st, 1676, whose wife was 
 soon after accidentally killed by an Englishman. His 
 descendants living in Medfield relate the same tradition. 
 Administration in 16J6. Inventory, 407 6 5. 
 
 WILLIAM PADDY, Boston, merchant. Farmer says, 
 Plymouth and Boston. Inventory, 545. A grave- 
 stone was dug up from the north side of the old State 
 House, near the centre door, and bones found near it, 
 while the city were repairing the building, June 1 8th, 
 1830. The inscription is all in capital letters, viz: 
 " Hear sleeps That Blessed one o whose lief God 
 help us all to live That so when tiem shall be That 
 we this world must lieve We ever may be happy 
 With blessed William Paddy." On the other side : 
 " Hear lyeth. The body of Mr. William Paddy, Aged 
 58 years. Departed this life August 1658."* 
 
 WILLIAM AUBREY, Boston, merchant. He married a 
 daughter of Secretary Rawson, in 1653. 
 
 SAMUEL HUTCHINSON, Lynn in 1637. 
 
 * See a full account in Columbian Centinel, June 19th, 1830.
 
 163 
 
 1653. 
 
 JONATHAN GILBERT. This name Kilbert on the old 
 roll, without any Christian name. I suppose the per- 
 son intended is Jonathan Gilbert, mentioned under 
 1646, Mather's Indian Wars from 1614 to 1675, pages 
 
 61, 63 ; and also in Hutchinson I. 171. 
 
 no VMIM 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS LAKE, Boston, merchant ; freeman 
 1641. A member of the 2d Church, Boston. He was 
 eminent in his profession. He was joint owner of the 
 island of Arrowsick, in Maine, where he had a house 
 and occasionally resided, near which he was killed by 
 the Indians ; see Hubbard's Indian Wars, 41, 42. It 
 appears he commanded an expedition against the In- 
 dians, cheerfully embarking therein, but was the first 
 victim. His bones long remained unburied, but were 
 afterwards discovered, and now repose on Copp's Hill, 
 where his grave-stone says : " An eminently faithful 
 servant of God, and one of a public spirit, was pre- 
 viously slain by the Indians at Kenebec, August 14th, 
 1676, and here is interred, March 13th, following." 
 He left several children at Boston. 
 
 His inventory (April 14th, 1677) 2445 7 5. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1660 ; promoted Lieutenant 1661 ; 
 Captain 1662, being the only instance of such regular 
 promotion, and was again Captain, 1674. He was 
 ancestor of the late Sir Bibic Lake. 
 
 EVAN THOMAS, Boston, vintner; freeman 1641 ; died 
 August 25th, 1661. 
 
 1654. 
 JOHN SEVERNE, Boston ; freeman 1637. 
 
 ENSIGN ELIAS MAVERICK, Charlestown, 1643; free- 
 man 1633. His will speaks of his being of Winnesimett 
 and Boston. Inventory, Nov. 6th, 1684, 820 15 0.
 
 164 
 
 He died at Charlestown, says his grave-stone in the old 
 Charlestown burial-ground, Sept. 8th, 1684, aged 80. 
 
 PETER DUNCAN, Dorchester, son of the charter 
 member. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM AVERY, Dedham, physician. There 
 is a will of William A very, Suff. Prob. Rec. 1680, book- 
 seller on the back says, now of Boston, formerly of 
 Dedham. He died in Boston. Representative of Spring- 
 field 1669. 
 
 RICHARD FAIRBANKS, Boston 1637 ; freeman 1634. 
 He was disarmed in 1637 ; removed to Dedham. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1654, by Thomas Thacher, 
 Weymouth. 
 
 1655. 
 
 THOMAS BELL, JR, Boston probably son of Thomas, 
 Ar. Co. 1645. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN WEBB probably son of John, Ar. Co. 
 1643. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, in 1655, by Peter Hobart, 
 Hingham. 
 
 1656. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL TURELL, Boston in 1646, anchorsmith ; 
 died Jan. 23d, 1699. His son, Daniel, Jr, was of the 
 Ar. Co. 1674. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM BEAMSLEY, Boston ; freeman 1636 ; 
 admitted to the church 1634; died Sept. 29th, 1658. 
 In the Boston Church Records he is styled laborer. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, in 1656, by Richard Ma- 
 ther, Dorchester. 
 
 1657. 
 
 It does not appear that any members were admitted 
 during the year, and few during the years immediately
 
 165 
 
 previous and after. It will be recollected that this was 
 during the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell. The 
 Commonwealth in England furnished better employ- 
 ment for men of military talents, than the wilderness of 
 New England. Possessed, as the Dissenters were, of 
 Church and State, few inducements offered to emigra- 
 tion, and more returned to England than came to New 
 England. 
 
 Whether the Company adopted any by-laws, agree- 
 able to the provisions of their charter, at the time it was 
 incorporated, it is impossible to determine. It is pre- 
 sumed that Keayne, their patron and founder, was their 
 lawgiver and oracle, during his life ; but, he dying, 
 March 23d, 1656, they saw the necessity, soon after, of 
 establishing rules; and, in September, 1657, it appears 
 it was accordingly so done. None appear to have been 
 sanctioned by the Governor and Council, or General 
 Court, until September, 1677, and they appear to be the 
 only ones ever sanctioned or approved by the Govern- 
 ment, until recently ; and, as the Company record of 
 them is lost, and many years they had been overlooked 
 and forgotten, they are now extracted from the Colony 
 Records : 
 
 " It is ordered by the Artillery Company in Boston, September 
 7th, 1657 
 
 " 1st. That whereas there is an agreement to order, that every 
 member of the Company is to pay four shillings per year for their 
 quarterages, into the hand of their Clerk ; that whatsoever is due 
 from any of the Company, shall be paid within one month into his 
 hands who is the present Clerk. 
 
 " 2d. It is further ordered by the Company, that for the time to 
 come, every one who is a member of the Company, shall pay into 
 the hands of the Clerk, upon the election days, or before, his quar- 
 terages for the year past. 
 
 "3d. It is further ordered by the Company, that the training days 
 for this Company be five yearly, and they to be on the first Mondays 
 of April, May, June, September, and October, yearly; and that 
 every officer and soldier is to appear at their colours by eight of the
 
 166 
 
 clock in the morning; and if the Monday prove foul, the Friday 
 after is appointed. 
 
 " 4th. It is further ordered by the Company, that if any shall neg- 
 lect to appear in arms four training days together, and not give an 
 account of it to the satisfaction of the Company, he shall then pay 
 to the Company what is due, both for fines and quarterages, and 
 have his name put out of the rolls, and no more to be accounted a 
 member of the Company. 
 
 "5th. It is further ordered by the Company, that if any be chosen 
 to any office in the Company, and hath not borne an higher office in 
 the Company before, and shall refuse to hold the office he is chosen 
 to, he shall pay what arrears he is behind to the Company, and have 
 his name put out of the Company's roll, and no longer be acknowl- 
 edged a member of the Company. 
 
 " 6th. It is further ordered by the Company, that the Clerk, with- 
 out any further order, shall have full power to distrain for any fine, 
 or quarterages, due to the Company, which shall be unpaid one 
 month after they are due. 
 
 " 7th. It is further ordered by the Company, that the Clerk shall, 
 every training day, bring the book of the Company's Orders into the 
 field, that it may be there, not only to call over the Company, but to 
 enter any who is admitted, and enter any orders which shall be made. 
 
 " 8th. It is further ordered by the Company, that the Clerk's ac- 
 counts yearly, shall, after the day of election, and before the next 
 training day in September, be audited by those who were commis- 
 sioned officers the year past, with the Captain and Clerk new chosen, 
 that accounts may be delivered into the new Clerk's hands. 
 
 " 9th. It is further ordered by the Company, that whereas no town 
 training is to be upon Artillery days, yet the Commander of the Ar- 
 tillery may have liberty to request so much favor of any Captain, 
 and he not be a transgressor of the order, to grant it to meet with 
 his Company upon such days with the Artillery, for the better help- 
 ing forward of discipline in the Company. 
 
 " 10th. It is further ordered by the Company, that a perfect list 
 shall be taken of members of the Company, and being perfected, 
 shall be called over every training day. It is also desired by the Com- 
 pany, that these several orders may be presented by Major Atherton 
 to the Council for their approbation of them, that so they may carry 
 more authority with them." 
 
 " April 5th, 1675. It was then voted by the Artillery Company, 
 that the orders of the Company be presented by Thomas Clark, Esq, 
 to the General Court, or Council, for their confirmation. 
 
 JOHN MORSE, Clerk."
 
 167 
 
 " The Court, having perused the above written orders of the Artil- 
 lery Company, do allow and approve thereof. Attest : 
 
 EDWARD RAWSOJJ, Secretary." 
 
 The foregoing rules may be considered as the found- 
 ation of many customs, which have been transmitted 
 even to the present day, and have been adhered to by 
 the Company, without a knowledge of their origin. 
 They had slumbered among the old records gf the Col- 
 ony, until accidentally discovered by the compiler. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, for 1657, by Henry Flint, 
 Braintree. 
 
 1658. 
 
 HUDSON LEVERETT, Boston, son of Gov. Leverett, 
 was born 1640. 
 
 LIEUT. NATHANIEL REYNOLDS, freeman 1665 spelt 
 Reinolls in the old roll. 
 
 THOMAS JOY, Boston, carpenter ; freeman 1665 ; re- 
 moved to Hingham, and died in 1677 or '8. Winthrop, 
 while speaking of Doct. Child's arrest, 1646, says : 
 " There was also one Thomas Joy, a young fellow, a 
 carpenter, whom they had employed to get hands to the 
 petition ; he began to be very busy, and would know 
 of the Marshal, when he went to search Dand's study, 
 if his warrant were in the King's name, &c. He was 
 laid hold on, and kept in irons about four or five days, 
 and then he humbled himself, confessed what he knew, 
 and blamed himself for meddling in matters belonging 
 not to him, and blessed God for these irons upon his 
 legs, hoping they should do him good while he lived. 
 So he was let out upon reasonable bail." He built and 
 owned the Hingham mills. To his will he made his 
 mark. His son Samuel was of the Ar. Co. 1665. He 
 had an estate near Hancock's wharf. In 1659, the 
 Town-house is mentioned in the records of Boston :
 
 168 
 
 " Thomas Joy was the carpenter who built the Town- 
 house, and a final settlement was made, January, 1G61, 
 when he received 680, whereby all contracts with him 
 were performed. This was double the amount of Capt. 
 Keayne's calculation." This Town-house was where 
 the old State House now stands, in State street. 
 
 RICHARD BAKER, Dorchester; freeman 1642; mem- 
 ber of the church 1639. 
 
 HENRY MESSINGER, Boston ; freeman 1665 ; joiner ; 
 administration on his estate May 5th, 1681. Simeon 
 Messenger, Ar. Co. 1675, was probably his son. 
 
 JOSEPH BELKNAP, Boston; freeman 1669. He had 
 seven sons Joseph, Jr, Ar. Co. 1692, when he must 
 have been living. A member and founder of the Old 
 South Church. 
 
 RICHARD PRICE, Boston; freeman 1665. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD GRIDLEY, Boston ; freeman 1634 ; 
 Captain of militia. We suppose his house was near 
 Purchase street, Gridley lane being in that vicinity. 
 He had several sons, some with singular names, such as 
 Belief, and Tremble. He was a subscriber for the en-, 
 couragement of the first free school in Boston, August 
 12th, 1636. 
 
 JOSEPH ROCK, Boston ; freeman 1652 ; Constable of 
 Boston 1653, and has the prefix of respect. A member 
 and founder of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN SUNDERLAND, Boston ; had sons born 
 there in 1640 and 1646. 
 
 WILLIAM DINSDALE, Boston ; freeman 1657. 
 JAMES MAVERICK, Boston. 
 CAPT. JOHN ALLEN, Charlestown. 
 
 SIMON LYNDE, Boston, merchant ; had nine sons and 
 two daughters.
 
 169 
 
 RICHARD WOODCOCK, Boston ; died Nov. 12th, 1662. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, for 1658, by John Mayo, 
 Boston. 
 
 1659. 
 LIEUT. HUGH DRURY, Boston in 1646. 
 
 COL. RICHARD WALDRON on the old roll, Major 
 W alder. I have no reason to doubt of its intending the 
 distinguished Major Richard Waldron, from Somerset- 
 shire, England, 1635, who settled at Dover, which he 
 represented at Boston 22 years, from 1 654 ; he was 
 Speaker of the House several years ; Captain, and 
 afterwards Major ; one of the first Counsellors of the 
 province of New Hampshire, 1680, and President 1681, 
 on the death of John Cutt. He was killed by the In- 
 dians, June 27th, 1689, in their attack on Dover, when 
 he was 80 years old. He had numerous children. 
 
 " The Waldron family," says Farmer, quoting an 
 ancient manuscript letter, " is supposed to be descend- 
 ed from an ancient family in Devonshire, the seat of 
 which was granted by the Crown of England to Richard 
 Walderand, in 1 1 30 ; and to prove the identity of the 
 names, the writer cites Skinner's ^Etymologicon Lin- 
 gua? Anglicanae, as follows : Walarand, olim Pranomen, 
 nunc cognomen, ab Anglo-Sax. Walpian, volvere, et 
 Rand, et Scutum, volvere Scutum, i. e. Clypeum, hue 
 illuc circumagit. Waldron autem cognomen contrac- 
 tum est, a Walarand." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, for 1659, by John Norton, 
 Boston. 
 
 1660. 
 
 ' IU- ' < 
 
 MAJ. GEN DANIEL DENNISON, son of William, of 
 Roxbury, disarmed 1 637, and who died an old man in 
 1 653-4 probably brother of the William who had the 
 contest with Capt. Pritchard for the Captaincy of Rox- 
 
 23
 
 170 
 
 bury. Gen. Dennison was born in England, 1613; 
 was of Cambridge 1633; freeman 1634, when he re- 
 moved to Ipswich, where he afterwards lived and died. 
 He was therefore very young when first a Deputy from 
 Ipswich, 1635, and was continued a Deputy eight years ; 
 Speaker in 1649 and '51. He was Assistant 1653, and 
 twenty-nine years, and died in that station, Sept. 20th, 
 1682, aged 70. 
 
 He was Captain of the first volunteer Train-band of 
 Ipswich, 1636; in 164i, became the first Sergeant- 
 major of Essex Regiment; Sergeant Major General, 
 1653, as successor to Sedgwick. He was elected also 
 to that office in subsequent years. He married Pa- 
 tience, a daughter of Gov. T. Dudley. He was Cap- 
 tain of the Ar. Co. 1660, the first authentic instance of 
 electing a person Commander the year of his admission. 
 He is fondly commemorated by Hubbard, the historian, 
 under whose spiritual guidance he lived, and who 
 preached his funeral sermon. 
 
 In 1646, he was sent, with Dudley and Hathorne, 
 to treat with D'Aulney ; and, in 1651, he was a Com- 
 missioner in the arduous duty of bringing the people 
 of Maine under subjection to the Massachusetts. He 
 was several years one of the Commissioners of the 
 Massachusetts at the Congress of the Confederated 
 New England Colonies. His judgment was much 
 relied upon in the difficulties between New Haven and 
 the Dutch. His name is also found in the troubles con- 
 cerning the Quakers, 1657. He is spoken of by high 
 authority, as one of the few " popular and well princi- 
 pled men in the magistracy." Savage says : " The 
 moderate spirit, by which he was usually actuated, had 
 not a general spread, yet the continuance of his election 
 to the same rank for many years, where his sympathy 
 was not, in relation to the controversy with the Crown, 
 in unison with that of the people, is evidence of the
 
 171 
 
 strong hold his virtues and public labors had acquired." 
 The " Irenicon, or Salve for New England's Sore," of 
 which he was the author, displays his accomplishments 
 as a scholar. Johnson observes, he was " a godly faith- 
 ful man, which is the fountain of true validity ; a good 
 soldier, of a quick capacity, not inferior to any of the 
 chief officers ; his own Company are well instructed 
 in feats of warlike activity." 
 
 CAPT. JOHN HULL, Boston; freeman 1649; son of 
 Capt. John, Ar. Co. 1638. " He was," says Mather, 
 " the son of a poor woman, but dutiful to and tender of 
 his mother, which Mr. Wilson, his minister, observing, 
 pronounced that God would bless him, and although he 
 was then poor, yet he should raise a large estate." No 
 other colony attempted to coin money but Massachu- 
 setts, and in 1 652 the first money was struck, and for 
 thirty years contained the same date. There was no 
 other impression than N. E. on one side, and XII. VI. 
 or III. on the other, viz : silver coins of shillings, six- 
 pence, and three-pence pieces. " It is certain," says 
 Hutchinson, " that great care was taken to preserve the 
 purity of the coin. In 1651, the Court ordered that all 
 pieces of money should have a double ring, with this 
 inscription : Massachusetts, and a tree in the centre, on . 
 one side, and New England, and the year of our Lord, on 
 the other side. It did not obtain currency any where, 
 otherwise than as bullion, except in the New England 
 Colonies. The Mint Master, John Hull, raised a large 
 fortune by it. He was to coin the money, of the just 
 alloy of the then new sterling English money ; and for 
 all charges which should attend melting, refining and 
 coining, he was to be allowed to take fifteenpence out 
 of every twenty shillings. The Court were afterwards 
 sensible that this was too advantageous a contract, and 
 Mr. Hull was offered a sum of money by the Court to
 
 172 
 
 release them from it, but he refused. He left a large 
 estate. Samuel Sewall, Ar. Co. 1679, who married his 
 only daughter, received with her, as was commonly re- 
 ported, thirty thousand pounds in New England shil- 
 lings." It is said, that when dressed for the wedding, 
 and in presence of the guests, her father placed her in 
 his large scales, and piled on the silver shillings in the 
 other until they weighed her down. This marriage 
 happened Feb. 14th, 1658. 
 
 Capt. Hull was Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1663 ; Lieu- 
 tenant 1664; Commander 1671 and 1678. He must 
 have been 54 years old when last its Captain. He con- 
 tinued a member to his death. He was one of those 
 persons who, like his father, kept a book in which he 
 took minutes of the sermons preached at the Court and 
 Artillery Elections, in short hand mostly, and the preach- 
 er's name, text, and place of residence ; to the preser- 
 vation of which we are now indebted for the knowledge 
 of that list in the earlier years. I observe on the blank 
 leaves, quotations from Erasmus, Sophocles, Aristotle, 
 &c ; whence I conclude, since some quotations are in 
 Greek, that he was a great student and reader in the 
 ancient languages. I have one of these books, consist- 
 ing exclusively of Court and Artillery Election Sermons, 
 which is of the pocket size, and originally fastened by 
 brass clasps, in which are numerous quotations from the 
 above authors, and from Scripture, and arranged under 
 heads like the following : " Memento se esse mortalem," 
 " be courageous," " be humble." One of his max- 
 ims, written in English, apparently in the quivering hand 
 of old age, is " The affairs of our estate are come to 
 that pass, that though we be bound to feel them, we 
 have no leisure to report them." This volume contains 
 these verses : 
 
 t -N 
 
 " He that will grateful here to all be thought, 
 Must give, accept, demand, much, little, nought."
 
 173 
 
 Capt. Hull was Representative* for Wenham, 1668 j 
 for Westfield, 1671 to 1674, and Salisbury, 1679. He 
 was Treasurer of Massachusetts 1676, an Assistant 1680, 
 and died Sept. 29th, 1683, aged 59. The Boston News 
 Letter says a John Hull died at Boston Oct. 1st, 1683, 
 aged 59. This must be the day of his burial. He was 
 one of the principal founders of the Old South Church 
 in 1669, and continued a member there during life. He 
 gave a legacy of 100 to Harvard College. 
 
 ZACHARIAH PHILLIPS, Boston ; was killed by the In- 
 dians at Brookfield, August, 1675. 
 
 LIEUT. MATHEW BARNARD, Boston ; freeman 1673. 
 LIEUT. DANIEL TURIN. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, for 1660, by Samuel 
 Whiting, Lynn. Printed. 
 
 1661. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM HOWARD, Boston, merchant ; came 
 from the city of London. His will was proved Nov. 
 15th, 1725, and therein is called glover, late of London, 
 now of Boston. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN PEASE, probably removed to Elifield be- 
 fore 1684. 
 
 GEORGE MAY, freeman 1665. 
 
 ROBERT SANFORD, Boston in 1650; freeman 1652; 
 sometimes spelt Sampford. 
 
 EDWARD PAGE. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, for 1661, by Samuel 
 Ward,f Ipswich. 
 
 * This could not be his father, of the Ar. Co. 1638, for he died July 28th, 1663, 
 aged 73. 
 
 t Farmer questions whether this Christian name should be Samuel* I give it 
 on the authority of the Hull and Sewall manuscript. See John Hull, ante.
 
 174 
 
 1662. 
 WILLIAM CLEMENTS, Cambridge in 1636. 
 
 JOHN CONEY, Boston ; died Dec. 24th, 1690 ; some- 
 times spelt Conney. 
 
 RICHARD BARNARD, Boston ; died Dec. 20th, 1706. 
 
 GEORGE NOWELL, probably son of Increase, of 
 Charlestown. 
 
 CAPT. ANTHONY CHECKLEY, Boston, merchant ; an- 
 cestor of the graduates of this name at Harvard College. 
 Ensign of the 'Ar. Co. 1680; Lieutenant 1683. His 
 will, 1704, proved Dec. 31st, 1708. Col. Samuel, Ar. 
 Co. 1678, was his son. 
 
 NATHANIEL HUNN, Boston. 
 
 JOSEPH GRIDLEY, Boston, brick-maker, son of Capt. 
 R. Gridley, Ar. Co. 1658, and father of Capt. R. Grid- 
 ley, Ar. Co. 1695. His will was proved April 14th, 1687. 
 
 BELIEF GRIDLEY, Boston, brother of the preceding. 
 
 SETH PERRY, Boston, born 1639 ; son of Arthur 
 Perry, Ar. Co. 1 638 ; the Town drummer and first 
 Company drummer. He was a member of the Old 
 South Church. 
 
 RETURN WAITE. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1662, by John Higginson, 
 Salem. 
 
 1663. 
 
 ENSIGN EPHRAIM TURNER, Boston; freeman 1666; 
 son of Lieut. R. Turner, Ar. Co. 1640. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1663, by Thomas Shepard, 
 Charlestown 1st Samuel, XXII. 14th.
 
 175 
 
 1664. 
 
 DAVID SEWALL. 
 
 JOSEPH TURNER, Boston ; probably son of Lieut. R. 
 Turner. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1664, by James Allen, 
 Boston Joshua I. 9th. 
 
 1665. 
 
 CAPT. HABIJAH SAVAGE, Boston ; eldest son of Maj. 
 Thomas, Ar. Co. 1637 ; born at Boston, August 1st, 
 1638; graduated at Harvard College 1659; admitted 
 freeman 1665; Captain of militia, and died in 1668 or 
 9. He married Hannah, a daughter of Hon. Edward 
 Tyng, May 8th, 1661. He had four children, the two 
 last daughters, twins, 1667, August 27th. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. THOMAS SAVAGE, Boston, shop-keeper ; 
 second child of Maj. T. Savage, and brother of the pre- 
 ceding ; born May 28th, 1640; died July 2d, 1705, 
 aged 65. He had nine children. His will mentions 
 his sons, Thomas, Ar. Co. 1693; Habijah, Ar. Co. 
 1699, and Arthur, Ar. Co. 1738. Thomas Fitch and 
 B. Pemberton, both of the Ar. Co. appraisers. He left 
 but small estate. There was an inventory, March 24th, 
 1714-15, which I presume to be his, wherein his house 
 and land are appraised at 900. A member of the Old 
 South Church. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1681. He was 
 a militia officer in Boston, and rose to the rank of Lieut. 
 Col. of the Boston Regiment, 1702, in which office he 
 died. He was also an officer in Sir William Phipps's 
 expedition to Canada, 1690-91, and commanded a 
 regiment. 
 
 CAPT. HUMPHREY DAVIE, Boston, brazier ; freeman 
 1665 ; spelt by Farmer, Davy. Representative of Bil- 
 lerica from 1666 to '9, and for his services received, by
 
 176 
 
 vote of the town, the present of " a fat beast." He 
 represented VVoburn in 1678, and was Assistant from 
 1679 to '86. Administration on his estate, December 
 29th, 1718. 
 
 HEZEKIAH USHER, Boston ; son of H. Usher, Ar. Co. 
 1638; born at Cambridge, June, 1639 ; died at Lynn, 
 July llth, 1697, and buried at Boston, in the Chapel 
 ground. He left a long and curious will. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN MILLS, Boston ; member of the first 
 church; requested to be freeman 1630, and made free- 
 man 1632 or '3, there being two of that name. Two 
 of his children were named Joy and Recompense. He 
 may have been the John Mills, Town Clerk of Brain- 
 tree in 1653. 
 
 SAMUEL JOY, Boston ; born in 1639 ; son of Thomas, 
 Ar. Co. 
 
 (JOHN) TAYLOR, Cambridge ; freeman 1651 ; died at 
 Cambridge, Sept. 7th, 1683, aged 73. This name was 
 omitted in the former edition. It may have been the 
 James Taylor, of Boston, freeman 1683 ; Representa- 
 tive 1689 and 1693; but he probably was too young 
 to be the person intended. 
 
 JONATHAN SHRIMPTON, Boston ; probably brother of 
 Henry Shrimpton, of Bednall Green, near London, and 
 uncle of Col. Samuel, Ar. Co. 1670. 
 
 The Militia of Massachusetts in 1665, says Hutchin- 
 son, were " about 4000 foot, and 400 horsemen might 
 be in the lists, but aged and infirm were excused." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1665, by Increase Mather, 
 Boston Ephes. VI. llth. 
 
 1666. 
 
 JOHN PAINE, Ipswich ; went to Nantucket, where he 
 died, July 13th, 1677 ; sometimes spelt Payne.
 
 177 
 
 THOMAS SNAWSNELL, Boston in 1665 ; spelt by Far- 
 mer, Snowsell. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN GIBBS, Boston, merchant; admitted 
 to the 1st church July 13th, 1662. He had several child- 
 ren born in Boston. He was a donor of 50 to Harvard 
 College, in 1673; a founder and member of the Old 
 South Church. Josselyn speaks of his new house as 
 being a stately edifice/ which, it is thought, will stand 
 him in little less than 3000, before it be fully finished. 
 
 THOMAS WATKINS, Boston 1652; died December 
 16th, 1689. 
 
 THOMAS SANDFORD, admitted freeman 1637, by the 
 name of Sampford, or his son. 
 
 CAPT. THEOPHILUS FRARY, Boston in 1657; son of 
 John Frary of Medfield ; was a cordwainer ; Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1674 ; Lieutenant in 1675; Captain 1682. 
 Representative of Boston 1689 to 1695, and 1699 ; the 
 whole delegation of Boston that year having been elect- 
 ed for some particular purpose. He died October 17th, 
 1700. A founder and member of the Old South Church, 
 and violently opposed to the Episcopal Church. Wor- 
 ship according to their forms had not been attempted in 
 public, until Andross's arrival. Our forefathers abhor- 
 red all sects but their own, and the Episcopalians equally 
 with Catholics. In 1688, Randolph endeavored to es- 
 tablish worship in that form, and wrote in pressing terms 
 to the Bishop of London on the subject. Hutchinson, 
 in a note, observes: "A dispute happened at the grave 
 of one Lilly. He left the ordering of his funeral to his 
 executors. They forbad Mr. Ratclifle, the Episcopal 
 minister, performing the service for burial. Neverthe- 
 less, he began. Deacon Frairey interrupted him, and 
 a stop was put to his proceeding. Frairey was com- 
 plained of, and besides being bound to his good be- 
 havior for twelve months, it was thought the process 
 
 23
 
 178 
 
 would cost him 100 marks." " Moody* s letter to Ma- 
 ther:" "Among other complaints against Sir E. An- 
 dross, this was one, " that the service of the Church of 
 England had been forced into their meeting houses." 
 " This was an equivocal expression. Sir Edmund had 
 made use of a meeting-house for the church service, 
 against the wills of the proprietors, but after their ser- 
 vice was over, and compelled no Congregationalist to 
 join with him. Indeed, he threatened to shut up the 
 doors, if he was refused, and to punish any man who 
 gave two pence towards the support of a non-conformist 
 minister." 
 
 Capt. Frary is the man here intended. He was elect- 
 ed Deacon of the Old South Church, Nov. 5th, 1685; 
 and no doubt that is the meeting-house referred to. If 
 Andross had never done any thing worse than introduce 
 the Episcopal mode of worship, his name would not 
 have been covered with so much obloquy. The. worthy 
 Deacon could not foresee, that in less than 100 years, 
 that same Church would be indebted to the liberality of 
 King's Chapel for the privilege of worship ; for, while 
 the British, in the Revolutionary war, made a riding- 
 school, or circus, of the Old South, the congregation 
 mingled with their Episcopalian brethren. 
 
 THOMAS HULL, Boston. This may have been a 
 brother of Capt. John Hull, the Assistant. His inven- 
 tory, 167 1 6, appears in 1670. 
 
 RICHARD JENCKS, Boston ; admitted to the 2d church 
 October, 1682. 
 
 HUGH CLARKE, Watertown in 1640; admitted free- 
 man 1660, and died at Roxbury, July 20th, 1693. 
 
 CAPT. LAWRENCE HAMMors 7 D, Charlestown ; freeman 
 1666; Captain of militia; Representative of C. 1672, 
 for six years. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1670, Lieutenant
 
 179 
 
 1672. He died at Boston, July 29th, 1699. His in- 
 ventory appears on the SufF. Prob. Rec. Nov. 6th, 1699. 
 
 WILLIAM SEDGWICK, Boston; son of the charter 
 member. 
 
 ENSIGN TOBIAS DAVIS, Roxbury, yeoman ; died in 
 1690. 
 
 DANIEL BREWER, Roxbury; freeman 1634; died 
 January 9th, 1689, aged 84. 
 
 CAPT. PHILIP CURTIS, Roxbury, where he was Lieu- 
 tenant of militia. He was slain in battle by the Indians, 
 at Hassanamesset, Grafton, Mass., Nov. 9th, 1675. He 
 acted as Lieutenant, under Capt. Henchman, in the ex- 
 pedition against King Philip's Indians, when he was 
 slain. He was a brave soldier. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1666, by Edmund Browne, 
 Sudbury Luke III. 14th. 
 
 In September, 1666, a Sermon was preached before 
 the Company, at Charlestown, by Rev. John Higginson 
 of Salem, from Exodus, XV. 3d. Sermons were preach- 
 ed other than on their Anniversary, in June, as follows: 
 In 1669, Sept. at Charlestown, by Thomas Thacher 
 of Boston, from Psalms, LX. 4th ; in 1670, Sept. at 
 Charlestown, by Zachariah Whitman of Hull, from 
 
 Heb. XIII ; in 1677, Sept. at , by Urian Oakes, 
 
 of , from Eccles. IX. 1 1 th, which was printed, and 
 
 is now before me. In recurring to old Almanacks, 1 
 find the following: For years 1674, '9, '80, '3, '6, say 
 " Artillery Election at Salem," first Monday of July. 
 Those for 1674, '9, '83, '5, '6, say Artillery Election 
 at Cambridge," 2d Monday of September. Those for 
 1679, '83, '94, '6, to 1710, except 1706, '14, '15, 17, say 
 " Artillery Election at Boston," 1st Monday of June. 
 Tully's Almanack for 1699, May 30th, being the last 
 Tuesday, says, "Artillery Election, Concord;" and 1st 
 Monday in June, says, " Artillery Election, Boston."
 
 180 
 
 The custom of monthly trainings had not then be- 
 come obsolete, and it is probable they were all called 
 election days, and that in June the anniversary election 
 of officers. No notice appears of their being called so 
 after this period. It is most probable they had a ser- 
 mon, or religious services, every training day, at first, 
 especially a sermon in September. These training 
 days are now called field days, and they have no re- 
 ligious exercises, except the annual election sermon, in 
 June. They hence must have trained in ancient times, 
 except in June, in any of the towns of the colony, or 
 province, as convenience dictated. In modern times, 
 they are confined to Boston, excepting short excursions 
 in the vicinity. 
 
 1667. 
 
 ENSIGN FREEGRACE BENDALL, Boston, merchant ; 
 born at Boston, 1636 ; was the eldest son of Edward 
 Bendall, Ar. Co. 1638. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1676. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM KENT, Boston ; Ensign of the Ar. 
 Co. 1673, and died June 9th, 1691. 
 
 JOHN RATCLIFFE, bookseller. 
 
 ENSIGN GEORGE BROUGHTON, is mentioned by Hub- 
 bard, Indian Wars, as of Salmon Falls River in 1675. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL WILLIAMS, Boston, born 1642 ; 
 son of Lieut. Nathaniel, Ar..Co. 1644; Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1684, Lieutenant 1693. A member of the 
 Old South Church, and elected Deacon Oct. 15th, 1693. 
 
 SAMUEL BOSWORTH, Boston ; son of Zacheus, Ar. 
 Co. 1650; married the second daughter of Thomas 
 Bomsted, Ar. Co. 1647. 
 
 " After forty years," says Hutchinson, " the greatest 
 part of our first emigrants had finished their pilgrimage, 
 and were arrived at the place of their everlasting abode.
 
 181 
 
 Some of them lamented their being born too soon to 
 see New England in its most flourishing state. This will 
 be the case with their posterity, for many generations." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1667, by Samuel Dan- 
 forth, Roxbury Exodus XVII. 1 1th. 
 
 1668. 
 
 THOMAS FOSTER, Boston; member of the church 
 1640; freeman 1642; styled in the church records, 
 gunner. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN CRAFTS, or Craft, Roxbury ; born 1630 ; 
 married 1654, and died Sept. 3d, 1685. 
 
 EDWARD TYNG, JR, Boston ; second son of Maj. Gen. 
 Edward, Ar. Co. 1642. He was one of Sir E. Andross's 
 Council, 1687 ; appointed Governor of Annapolis, and 
 was taken prisoner on his passage to that place ; carried 
 into France, where he died. 
 
 JOSEPH LYALL, Boston, lawyer, (sometimes spelt 
 Lisle,) son of Francis, Ar. Co. 1640 ; born in Boston, 
 1642. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1668, by John Wilson, 
 Medfield Luke XIX. 42d. 
 
 1669. 
 
 EDWARD SHIPPEN, Boston ; ancestor of Judge Ship- 
 pen ; removed to Philadelphia, where he became their 
 first Mayor, under the City Charter of 1701. 
 
 JAMES RUSSELL, ESQ, Charlestown; freeman 1668; 
 son of the Hon. Richard Russell, Ar. Co. 1644; born 
 Oct. 4th, 1640, at Charlestown. Representative 1679; 
 Assistant 1680 to 1686 ; one of President Dudley's 
 Council; a member of the Council of Safety, 1689; 
 one of the two who signed the order to have Castle 
 Island delivered up, and appears one of the leading
 
 182 
 
 men in the operations of that day. A Counsellor under 
 the new charter, 1692 ; also a Judge, and Treasurer of 
 Massachusetts. His wife was Maybel, daughter of Gov. 
 Haynes. He died April 28th, 1709, aged 68. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1669, by Samuel Torrey, 
 Weymouth Psalms LXXII. 2d. 
 
 1670. 
 
 COL. SAMUEL SHRIMPTON, Boston ; born in Boston, 
 1643; freeman 1673; was an eminent merchant of 
 Boston. He was elected an officer of militia when a 
 private of this Company ; and his military talents must 
 have been great, for at that period (a thing unusual) he 
 was (1672) Ensign of the Ar. Co., and promoted Lieu- 
 tenant 1673. He was very active in the revival of the 
 Company, after Andross's usurpation, and made the 
 Colonel of the Suffolk Regiment, April 20th, 1689 the 
 first person in that station after the abolition of the 
 office of Serjeant-major, as commander of a regiment. 
 Captain of the Ar. Co. 1694, the twenty-fourth year of 
 his membership. He died while in the office of Colonel, 
 Feb. 5th, 1698, aged 55. 
 
 He was one of Sir E. Andross's Council in 1687, and 
 one of the Council of Safety on his deposition, 1689. 
 It appears he was a great landholder. He was buried 
 Feb. 14th, with great solemnity. " Vir patriae* clarus." 
 He was an ancestor of Gen. William H. Sumner, Ar. 
 Co. 1819. 
 
 COL. JONATHAN TYNG, Woburn, (by some of Dun- 
 stable,) born at Boston, Dec. 15th, 1642. He was one 
 of Sir E. Andross's Council in 1687 ; a magistrate and 
 man of influence. He married the daughter of Heze- 
 kiah Usher, for his first wife, and Judith, his second, 
 survived him, dying June 5th, 1736, aged 99. He died 
 
 * Says an old Almanack.
 
 183 
 
 Jan. 1 9th, 1 724, aged 82. His children lived in Tyngs- 
 boro' and Chelmsford, Mass. The following is extract- 
 ed from the News Letter, No. 1043, one of the first 
 newspapers in New England : " Woburn, Lord's Day, 
 Jan. 19th, 1723-4. We were here entertained with a 
 very loud memento mori. The Hon. Col. Jonathan 
 Tyng, Esq, walking to the place of public worship in 
 the afternoon, expired as soon as he got into his seat, 
 during the time of the first prayer, aged 81. His faith 
 and holiness were so apparent, that we were persuaded 
 he was conveyed to the assembly of the first born in 
 Heaven, to bear a part with them in glorifying their 
 Creator and Redeemer." 
 
 COL. ELISHA HUTCHINSON, Boston, merchant ; born 
 1641 ; was the eldest son of Capt. Edward, Ar. Co. 
 1638 ; admitted freeman 1668; Representative of Bos- 
 ton in 1680, &c. ; Assistant in 1684, '5, '6 ; one of the 
 Council 1689, and under the new, or Provincial Charter 
 in 1692, and continued in the Council to his death, 
 Dec. 10th, 1717, in his 77th year. He was a Captain 
 of the Boston Militia ; Sergeant-Major of the Regiment, 
 as successor of John Richards, and vt$s the last person 
 who ever sustained that office. On the reorganization 
 of the Militia, he was Major of the Suffolk, Boston, 
 Regiment, under Col. Shrimpton; in 1694, Lieutenant 
 Colonel, and, 1699, Colonel, which office he held till 
 1703. He was Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1671 ; Lieuten- 
 ant 1674; Captain 1676. He continued a member 
 through the troubles of Andross's administration, and was 
 the principal and leading character who caused the re- 
 suscitation of the Company afterwards, being chosen, in 
 the autumn of 1690, to command a second time, until 
 the next regular anniversary election. A third time 
 commander, in 1697, and continued a member 47 
 years, to his death.
 
 184 
 
 His wife was a daughter of Major Clarke, an eminent 
 merchant, whose store, &c, at the North End, long con- 
 tinued in the family by the name of Hutchinson's Wharf. 
 His house was in the North square. This part of the 
 town, about his day, became the " Court End" where 
 the heaviest shipping laded and unladed, and the most 
 extensive business was transacted. His son Thomas 
 was of the Ar. Co. 1694, and grandfather of Governor 
 Hutchinson, of Revolutionary fame. 
 
 He was in London, 1688, and joined in a remon- 
 strance to King James II. He had been commander at 
 Castle William, and sustained that office when Dudley 
 arrived, but was removed to make way for the new order 
 of things, and succeeded by Lieut. Gov. Povey after 
 which, and until the Revolution, that office was a sine- 
 cure. He was one of the Commissioners, with Towns- 
 end and Leverett, to Port Royal, in 1707; commander 
 of the Colonial forces when the new charter arrived, 
 having so disposed of them as to cover the eastern fron- 
 tier, after the destruction of York, and having his head- 
 quarters at Portsmouth. 
 
 THOMAS NORMAN. He may have been a son or 
 grandson of Richard N. of Salem, who came to N. . 
 1627, and died there, 1683. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1670, by John Oxen- 
 bridge, Boston. 
 
 1671. 
 
 JOHN LOWLE, Boston, cooper. He is probably the 
 son of Percival Lowle, who came from Bristol, Eng- 
 land, a merchant, and settled atNewbury. John Lowle 
 appears to have been of Boston in 1 655, and died June 
 7th, 1694 ; administration on his estate Sept. 27th, 1694. 
 He had a son, John. This name is now spelt Lowell ; 
 from Percival, the Rev. Charles, D. D. of Boston, and
 
 183 
 
 i 
 
 the Hon. John, a distinguished lawyer of Boston, and 
 farmer of Roxbury, (quondam rebel,) are descended. 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS THACHER, JR, Boston; son of Rev. 
 Thomas, first Minister of the Old South Church ; En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1 675, and died at Boston, April 2d, 
 1686. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN WING, Boston, mariner ; born in Boston, 
 1637; son of Robert. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1677; 
 Lieutenant 1682; Captain 1693. He took an active 
 part in the resuscitation of the Company after Andross's 
 usurpation, and continued a member to his decease. 
 Farmer thinks that he died Feb. 22d, 1704 ; but I find 
 a will of John Wing, master mariner, of Boston, in the 
 Suff. Prob. Rec., dated Feb. 24th, 1701, and proved 
 March the 1 2th, 1 702-3. His inventory, by H . During, 
 Ar. Co. 1682, and J. Marion, jr, Ar. Co. 1691, apprais- 
 ers, amounts to 125 15. He was a member of the 
 Old South Church. 
 
 NEHEMIAH PIERCE, Boston ; son of John, of Dorches- 
 ter; born 1639; died in 1691. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN MORSE, Boston, shop-keeper ; Clerk of 
 the Ar. Co. in 1675, when the first Rules were made; 
 probably the son of John, one of the earliest settlers of 
 Dedham, and born 1639. 
 
 LIEUT. GEN. JOHN WALLET,* Boston ; admitted while 
 a private citizen, and soon after has the title of Ensign, 
 probably a militia officer. His name appears afterwards 
 as a bondsman ; as Lieutenant, 1678 ; then Captain, 
 Major, and Colonel. I suppose he held all the offices 
 in the Boston militia. He was elected Major of the 
 Boston Regiment, 1699, and soon after Colonel. The 
 
 office of Major he held probably as commander of a 
 
 1 
 
 * I strongly believe he might be a relative of the regicide who fled to this coun- 
 try, lived in fear, and died in obscurity, in the interior of Massachusetts. 
 94
 
 !86 
 
 i . 
 
 regiment, under Gov. Phipps, against the French and 
 Indians in Canada, in 1690; he commanded the first 
 expedition against them, Feb. 12th, 1689. He rose to 
 be Lieut. General of his Majesty's forces against them, 
 and is the only person on the roll that -ever sustained 
 that rank. He commanded the Company three times : 
 1679, 1699, and 1707; in the two last, he is styled 
 Lieut. General. He must, therefore, have been an ac- 
 tive member at least 36 years, and exerted himself in 
 its revival. He continued a member to his death, Jan. 
 llth, 1712. 
 
 *' At the first election," under the new charter, says Htltchinson, 
 " it was ma<le a question whether, by the General Court or Assem- 
 bly, was intended the House of Representatives only, or the whole 
 three branches; and it is handed down to us by tradition, that after 
 some time spent in messages and "replies, the Council of the former 
 year gave Up the point, and -sent TMtaj. W alley, one of their number, 
 to acquaint the Speaker with It ; but when he came to the door, he 
 heard the Speaker putting the question to the House, and 'finding 
 they had conceded to the Council, he returned without delivering 
 'the message; and a 'Committee coming soon after from the House, 
 to bring up the vote, the Council by this accident retained a-.prm- 
 lege, which they have been in the exercise of ever since." 
 
 He was one of Andross's Council in 1687, and the 
 Council under the nw or Provincial Charter, 1692, 
 and Judge of the Superior Court df Massachusetts. His 
 tomb-stone says he died Jan. llth, 1711-12, aged 69. 
 In his will he gives 100 to Harvard College ; his silver 
 tankard and to the Old South Church, where he 
 was a member ; and also a donation to Harvard Col- 
 lege, towards the "support of two hopeful scholars, 
 such as the President and Ministers of the (first) Church 
 in Cambridge and the Old South Ministers approve." 
 His inventory was 16,805 18 6, and debt^ 9061 11.5. 
 His descendants now worship at that church ; but one of 
 them of the present age, Thomas, was a zealous Koman 
 CathoKc.
 
 CAPT. JEREMIAH DUMMER, Boston ; son of Richard 
 D. of Newbury ; born at Newbury, Sept. 14th, 1645; 
 settled in Boston. He was one of the Council of Safety, 
 1689. His will was proved June 18th, 1718. Farmer 
 says, he died May 24th, 1718, aged 73. The following 
 is an extract from the Boston News Letter of June 2d, 
 1718: 
 
 "On the 25th, past, departed this life Jeremiah Dummer, 
 in the 73d year of his age, after a long retirement, under great in- 
 firmities of age and sickness; having served his country faithfully in 
 several public stations, and obtained of all that knew him the char- 
 acter of a just, virtuous, and pious man ; and was honorably inter- 
 red on Thursday last." 
 
 He is said to have been an accomplished writer and 
 scholar. 
 
 THOMAS BENDISH. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN ALFORD, Boston, merchant ; Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1685. His sons, John, Ar. Co. 1714; 
 James, 1713, and brother-in-law, Major Benja. Davis, 
 1673. His will is dated Feb. 19th, 1696-7, and proved 
 Feb. 28th, 1709. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1671, by Thos, Thacher, 
 Boston Rev. XVII. 14th. 
 
 1672. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL MOSELEV, probably son of Henry 
 Madsley, Ar. Co. 1643; was born 1641 ; commanded 
 a troop of horse, under Major Savage, in King Philip's 
 war, 1675. Hutchinson says, he " had been an old pri^ 
 vateer at Jamaica, probably of such as were called buc- 
 caneers." 
 
 MAJOR DANIEL DAVISON, Ipswich 1665; removed to 
 Newbury ; was a man of note there, and Major of the 
 Essex Regiment.
 
 188 
 
 PETER BENNET, Boston, housewright ; administration 
 Sept. 21st, 1702. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1672, by Uriah Oakes, 
 Pres. Har. Col. Rom. VIII. 37th. Printed. 
 
 1673. 
 
 LIEUT. JONATHAN BRIDGHAM, Boston, tanner ; proba- 
 bly eldest son of Henry, Ar. Co. 1644, whom Farmer 
 calls John; born 1645. He had brothers, Joseph and 
 Benjamin, Ar. Co. 1674, whom he names in his will, 
 1689. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN HAYWARD, Watertown, scrivener, in 
 1640 ; Representative in 1645. I conclude he after- 
 wards resided in Boston. " Dec. 3d, 1677, there was 
 but one post-office in Massachusetts, at Boston. The 
 Court of Assistants appointed John Hay ward Postmaster 
 for the whole colony." A John Hayward, of Charles- 
 town, was a donor to Harvard College, 1672. 
 
 CAPT. HOPESTILL FOSTER, Dorchester ; son of Capt. 
 Hopestill, Ar. Co. 1742, and father of Capt. Hopestill, 
 Ar. Co. 1694. 
 
 JAMES PENYMAN, Braintree. 
 
 MAT. BENJAMIN DAVIS, Boston, apothecary ; son of 
 Capt William, Ar. Co. 1643. He was a Major, but of 
 what corps we are not informed ; and Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1679; Lieutenant 1681. He died, according 
 to Farmer, Nov. 26th, 1704. There appears adminis- 
 tration on Benjamin Davis, apothecary, Boston, June 
 1st, 1704. I am not able to reconcile these dates. A 
 member of the Old South Church. 
 
 JOHN SANDYS, Boston, merchant; born 1646. 
 
 JACOB JESS ON. 
 
 NATHANIEL PIERCE. I conclude this was the son of 
 
 \ /
 
 189 
 
 William, Selectman of Boston, a gentleman of high re- 
 pute, who died there 1661 or '9. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN ATWOOD, Boston, cordwainer ; Captain 
 of militia. He was active in reviving the Company, 
 after Andross's usurpation, and elected its Lieutenant 
 1695. Administration granted August 18th, 1714. 
 
 NATHANIEL BLAKE, perhaps son of William, of Mil- 
 ton and Dorchester, Ar. Co. 1646 ; or of John, Ar. Co. 
 1642. 
 
 FRANCIS MORSE. Probably the surname is wrongly 
 spelt on the old roll, and should be Francis Moore, of 
 Cambridge, freeman 1652, who married before 1658. 
 
 O ' ' 
 
 JOHN SWEETING. I think this name, also, a mis- 
 take ; for John Sweete, son of John, a ship-carpenter of 
 Boston, and member of the church there ; if so, he was 
 born 1651. 
 
 COL. JOHN USHER, Boston, bookseller ; son of En- 
 sign Hezekiah, Ar. Co. 1638 ; born in Boston, April 
 27th, 1648 ; freeman 1673. He was appointed a Colonel 
 during Andross's sway, 1687, and one of his Council, 
 and Treasurer of the Colony. He was appointed Lieut. 
 Governor of New Hampshire (1692) five years, when, 
 being unpopular, he was supplanted by Partridge ; but 
 was again appointed, in 1702, under Gov. Dudley. 
 While in office, he occasionally resided at Portsmouth, 
 but carried on business at the same time in Boston. 
 Many tracts appear, " published at J. Usher's Book- 
 store." 
 
 " John Usher, Esq, was a native of Boston.* He was possessed 
 of a handsome fortune, and sustained a fair character in trade. He 
 had been employed by the Massachusetts government, when in Eng- 
 land, (1689) to negotiate the purchase of the Province of Maine, 
 from the heirs of Ferdinando Georges, and had thereby got a taste 
 
 * Belknap, Hist. N. H., Farmer's edition, I. p. 148, chap. XI. Much valuable 
 information is obtained from this work.
 
 190 
 
 for speculating in landed interest. He was one of the part owners 
 in the million purchase, and had sanguine expectations of gain from 
 that quarter. He had rendered himself unpopular among his coun- 
 trymen, by accepting the office of Treasurer under Sir E. Andross, 
 and joining with apparent zeal in the measures of that administra- 
 tion, and he continued a friendly connection with that party after 
 they were displaced. 
 
 " Though rather of an open and generous disposition, yet he 
 wanted those accomplishments which he might have acquired by a 
 learned and polite education. He had but little of the statesman, 
 and less of the courtier. Instead of an engaging affability, he affect- 
 ed a severity in his deportment, was loud in conversation, and stern 
 in command. Fond of presiding in government, he frequently 
 journeyed into the Province, and often summoned the Council, when 
 he had little or nothing to lay before them. He gave orders, and found 
 fault like one who felt himself independent, and was determined to 
 be obeyed. He had an high idea of his authority, and the dignity 
 of his commission ; and when opposed and insulted, as he sometimes 
 was, he treated the offenders with severity, which he would not relax, 
 till he had brought them to submission. His public speeches were 
 always incorrect, and sometimes coarse and reproachful. He seems, 
 however, to have taken as much care for the interest and preserva- 
 tion of the Province, as one in his circumstances could have done." 
 
 The Province of New Hampshire sometimes voted 
 him thanks for his services, at others complained of 
 his abusing and oppressing them. He could buy the 
 best situated lands in the interior for 2d. to 4d. per acre, 
 and, like most speculators, passed through a multitude 
 of law-suits. He educated his son, Rev. John, at Har- 
 vard College, 1719, and his grandson, John, Har. Col. 
 1643, was the Episcopal Minister of Bristol, R. I., where 
 he died, July, 1804, aged 81, the predecessor of the 
 present venerable Bishop of the Eastern Diocese. He 
 finally removed to Medford, and died there, Farmer 
 says, Sept. 5th, 1726, aged 78. The Boston News 
 Letter says he died Sept. 1st, 1726, aged 79. A large 
 tomb-stone in Medford corroborates the News Letter.* 
 
 *He purchased the right and interest of Georges' heirs, for 1200 sterling, and 
 assigned it over to the Governor and Company.
 
 191 
 
 CAPT. JOHN WAITE, Maiden; freeman 1647; Cap- 
 tain of militia there; Representative 1666 to 1684, 
 when he was Speaker. He was probably the witness 
 to Gov. Leverett's will. 
 
 THOMAS JENNER, Boston ; son of Thomas, minister 
 of Weymouth. 
 
 JOHN TAYLOR, Cambridge ; freeman 1651 ; died 
 Sept. 7th, 1683, aged 73. [See 1665.] 
 
 This year the Castle was burnt; also, Harvard Col- 
 lege ; and a liberal contribution to rebuild the College 
 was collected in the several towns of the colony. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1673, by Seaborn Cotton, 
 Hampton 2d Sam. X. 12th. 
 
 1674. 
 
 JOSEPH FARNAM ; probably son of Henry, Ar. Co. 
 1644. 
 
 COL. PENN TOWN SEND, Boston, wine merchant, was 
 the third son of William, born in Boston, Dec. 20th, 
 1651. He was a leading man in town affairs, generally 
 Moderator of town-meetings; Representative 1686, and 
 annually, except during Andross's reign, to 1698, and 
 Speaker of the House afterwards. One of the Council 
 under the new charter, 1721. His first military title is 
 Lieutenant, in the militia of Boston ; then Captain ; 
 Major of the Boston Regiment, 1 694 ; promoted Lieut. 
 Col. 1699; Colonel 1703; which office he held till 
 1710. Soon after his admission, he was Orderly of the 
 Ar. Co. ; Lieutenant in 1679 ; Captain 1681. He was 
 actively engaged in its revival, after Andross was de- 
 posed, and again its Lieutenant, under Col. Hutchin- 
 son, October, 1690, to serve until the next anniversary, 
 when he was again commander. He was three times 
 afterwards elected its Captain, 1698, 1709 and 1723 
 the last time when he was 71 years old. He must have
 
 192 
 
 continued an active member at least forty-nine years ; 
 nor did he cease to be a member until his decease, Au- 
 gust 21st, 1727, in his 76th year. His tomb-stone is No. 
 30, in the Granary, close to the corner of Park street 
 Church. 
 
 To judge from the repeated instances of his election 
 to offices where he must preside, he must have had 
 personal dignity, as well as popularity, commanding 
 great respect. It proves, also, that he was, in modern 
 phrase, a working man, efficient, prompt and accurate. 
 There are delineations of his character in the old " News 
 Letter," No. 35, and his funeral sermon, by the Rev. 
 Mr. Foxcroft. Notwithstanding he devoted much time 
 to the public service, he paid strict attention to his pri- 
 vate business, and lived in great style. Hon. Addirigton 
 Davenport, Ar. Co. 1692, was his kinsman. His in- 
 ventory, August 29th, 1727, contains 239 oz. of silver 
 plate, and 12 oz. of small plate, an old silver-hilted 
 sword. His mansion house and land, 70 feet front, 152 
 deep, 800; South End brick house, 38 by 4 165 feet, 
 1500 ; wooden house, 20 by 40, 600 ; farm at Pull- 
 ing Point, 3000 total, real and personal, 6768 1 8 6. 
 No inconsiderable fortune, in those days. His mansion 
 house was probably near the Mill creek, in Ann street. 
 He belonged to the Old South Church. 
 
 He was agent, with Col. Hutchinson and President 
 Leverett, to superintend the military forces under Col. 
 March, destined against Port Royal, in 1707, selected 
 by Gov. Dudley, on account of their great popularity. 
 Dunton says, he was " a gentleman very courteous and 
 affable in his conversation. 
 
 CAPT. EPHRAIM SAVAGE, third son and fourth child of 
 Maj. Thomas S, the charter member, was born at Bos- 
 ton, July 20th, 1645 ; graduated at Harv. College 1662, 
 and admitted freeman 1672. An officer of the Boston
 
 193 
 
 militia, serving in the expedition to Canada, 1690, as 
 Captain. He was elected Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1678, 
 Lieutenant 1680, Captain 1683 ; Representative of Bos- 
 ton 1703 to '8 and 1710. His will was proved March 
 22d, 1730-1. He died at the close of February, and was 
 buried March 2d, 1731 , says Farmer, aged 86. A mem- 
 ber of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL TDRELL, JR, Boston, son of Capt. 
 Daniel, Ar. Co. 1656. An officer in the Boston militia. 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1676. 
 
 JABEZ SALTER, Boston, born 1647. Inventory April 
 3d, 1721. 
 
 MOSES BRADFORD, Boston, born 1644, died Boston, 
 March 23d, 1692. 
 
 ROBERT SEDGWICK, probably of Boston, son of Maj. 
 Gen. Robert, a charter member. One of Gen. Sedg- 
 wick's sons died on his passage from Jamaica, which 
 place he had visited, and was buried at Boston. In- 
 ventory April 26th, 1683. 
 
 JOHN DRURY, Boston, son of Hugh, Ar. Co. 1659, 
 born 1646. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD CREEK. 
 
 LIEUT. AMBROSE DAVIS, Boston, probably brother of 
 Joseph, Ar. Co. 1675. He is undoubtedly the Ambrose 
 Dawes, who married Mary, the first of that name, 
 daughter of Thomas Bumsted, Ar. Co. 1647. 
 
 JOSEPH PROUT, Boston, probably brother or son of 
 Timothy, of Boston, a shipwright. 
 
 THOMAS BILL, Boston. This may be a son of John, 
 of Boston, who died Dec. 1638. Thomas and Richard, 
 Ar. Co. were probably his sons. 
 
 LIEUT. EPHRAIM SALE, Boston, cooper. A William 
 Sayle, of Boston, a Captain, and sometime Governor xrf
 
 194 
 
 Bermuda, was in Boston 1646, went back to England, 
 but came over again in 1648* He was his son, or the 
 son of Ephraim, as described by Farmer. This name 
 has been singularly varied. Lieut. Ephraim was an- 
 cestor of the Sales hereafter mentioned. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSEPH BRIDGHAM, Boston, tanner, born in 
 Boston, 1651. He was nonresident Representative of 
 Northampton 1690, and Boston 1697. He was Ruling 
 Elder of the first Church. His estate was appraised at 
 4221 19 5. Henry, his son, Ar. Co. 1699, and ex- 
 ecutor, had previously deceased. The grave-stone in 
 the Chapel ground says he died January 6th, 1708-9, 
 aged 58. He had a son, Joseph. 
 
 BENJAMIN BRIDGHAM, Boston, brother of the preced- 
 ing, born 1654. 
 
 JAMES GREEN, Boston, printer; freeman 1647. He 
 was a man of good sense, facetious and obliging in his 
 conversation. 
 
 ENSIGN DAVID HOBART, Hingham, was the seventh 
 son of Rev. Peter H. of that place. His will styles him 
 a tanner; it was proved Nov. 19th, 1717. He was 
 Representative of H. 1692 and '7, and nephew of Capt. 
 Joshua, Ar. Co. 1641. 
 
 JOSEPH PORTER, Roxbury. 
 EXPERIENCE WILLIS. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1674, by Joshua Moodey, 
 Portsmouth 1st Corinth. IX, 26th. Printed. 
 
 1675. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS BRATTLE, Boston, freeman 1657, mer- 
 chant. He was nonresident Representative for Lan- 
 caster 1671 and '2, for Concord 1678 and '9, Commis- 
 
 * New England Salamander discovered. Winslow, II. Winthrop, 334.
 
 195 
 
 sioner to King Philip at Taunton, 1671, with Capts. 
 Davis and Hudson. Maj. Gen. William Brattle, Ar. 
 Co. 1729, the son of William, minister of Cambridge, 
 was a great-grandson. Inventory, after deducting debts, 
 &c. leaves a balance, 7827 16 10. Some of his estate 
 was in Brattle street, for whom it is named. He was 
 one of the four persons who made the purchase of the 
 tract of land on the Kennebec river, subsequently known 
 by the name of the Plymouth Company, (vulgarly, squat- 
 ters.) He was one of the founders of the Old South 
 Church. 
 
 DANIEL QUINCY, Boston, merchant, son of Edmund 
 Quincy, of Braintree, common ancestor of all the Quin- 
 cys in Massachusetts, was born in that part of the town 
 now Quincy. He left but one son, John, the great- 
 grandfather of John Q. Adams, late President. His 
 younger brother, Edmund, was the ancestor of the dis- 
 tinguished orator and patriot, Josiah, father of Josiah, 
 the President of Harvard College. Daniel Quincy's 
 will is dated August 4th, 1690, and proved Sept. 8th, 
 1690, wherein he styles himself a goldsmith. 
 
 JOHN NICHOLS, Boston, merchant. A member of the 
 Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM GREENOUGH, Boston in 1656, master 
 mariner. A Captain of the militia as well as of a vessel. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1691, and died 8th August, 1693. 
 
 JOHN MOORE, (Sudbury,) more probably of Boston, 
 tailor, whose inventory appears in the Suff. Prob. Rec., 
 March 8th, 1694-5. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL HENCHMAN, Boston ; schoolmaster in 
 Boston from 1666 to 1671 ; was a distinguished Captain, 
 in King Philip's war, of a company of foot, June 26, 
 1675, in company with Capt. Prentice, with a troop of 
 horse. An eclipse of the moon, that evening, discour-
 
 196 
 
 aged the expedition much. That over, they proceeded 
 onward and arrived at Swanzey before night, on the 
 28th. Ensign Savage was with him. Major Thomas 
 Savage arrived soon and took command of the forces 
 and brought up reinforcements. " A few skirmishes 
 routed the Indians in that quarter. King Philip fled to 
 the western part of the colony, and Henchman, with 
 some of the troops returned. In November he started 
 again from Boston, with another company. Near Men- 
 don they heard of a party of Indians, and it was resolved 
 to give them a camisado, as they called it, in their wig- 
 wams. The Captain and his Lieutenant, Philip Curtis, 
 (Ar. Co. 1666,) accordingly led their men out to the 
 fight, but most of them flinched in the moment of need, 
 and Capt. H. and Lieut. C. were left with only five men 
 to finish the combat. Lieut. Curtis, with one man, 
 was killed, and the object of the excursion was lost.* 
 This battle happened Nov. 9th, 1675, at what is now 
 called Grafton. 
 
 He was a Captain of militia, and the person who sat 
 out the great elm tree, on Boston Common,! for a shade 
 to the military companies which might exercise there in 
 after time. This tree, now standing, measured in cir- 
 cumference, (1825,) 21 feet, 8 inches. His inventory, 
 1686, amounts to 1381 13 9. He was a member of 
 the Old South Church, on whose records his name is 
 spelt Hincksman. 
 
 ANDREW CLARKE. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM GRIGGS, Boston, distiller. Admin- 
 istration on his estate, Nov. 5th, 1737. SufF. Prob. Rec. 
 
 ENSIGN BENJAMIN THURSTON, Boston, weaver ; free- 
 man 1665; died young, according to Maj. Sewall's ac- 
 count, to whom he was a youthful companion. He was 
 
 * Snow's History of Boston, p. 163. 
 
 tSee an account in the Boston Commercial Gazette, April 25th, 1825.
 
 197 
 
 one of the members of the Old South Church, and died 
 of the small pox, 1678. 
 
 EPHRAIM MORSE. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM GIBSON. 
 
 ENSIGN SIMEON STODDARD, son of Anthony, Ar. Co. 
 1639, was living in Boston in 1729. A member of the 
 Old South Church. 
 
 JOHN JACKSON, Boston, born June 26th, 1643. John, 
 his father, was a carpenter in Boston. 
 
 JOSEPH DAVIS, Boston, born 1645, was a son of Capt. 
 William Davis, Ar. Co. 1643. One of the founders of 
 the Old South Church. 
 
 SIMEON MES SINGER, Boston. Henry, Ar. Co. 1658, 
 was probably his father. 
 
 JOHN TEMPLE, Boston, probably son of Sir Thomas. 
 
 " Be it as it may," says Hutchinson, "it is certain, that as the 
 Colony was first settled, so it was now preserved (Philip's War) from 
 ruin, without any charge to the mother country. Nay, as far as we 
 can judge from the materials I have, the collections made in the 
 Colony, after the fire in London, for the relief of the sufferers there, 
 and upon other occasions, for the relief of divers of the plantations, 
 with other public donations, from the first settlement until the char- 
 ter was vacated, will not fall much, if any thing, short of the whole 
 sum that was bestowed upon the Colony from abroad during that 
 time." The Indian war took a more favorable turn in 1676. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1675, by Samuel Phillips, 
 Rowley Joshua V. 14th. 
 
 1676. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL JOHNSON, Boston ; probably son of 
 Capt. James, Ar. Co. 1638 ; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 
 1697, and assisted in its revival, 1690.
 
 198 
 
 WILLIAM TOMLIN ; probably a son or grandson of 
 Edward, Ar. Co. 1638.* 
 
 JOHN MEADER. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN NOYES, Boston ; freeman 1675 ; born 
 June 4th, 1649; father of Doct. Oliver N. Ar. Co. 
 1699. He may have been the Ensign of Sudbury. A 
 member of the Old South Church. He died of small- 
 pox, 1678. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM COLMAN, Boston ; born aj: Satterly, 
 in Suffolk, England ; father of the celebrated Rev. B. 
 Colman, D. D., first Minister of Brattle street Church. 
 He was a founder of that church, in 1699, and contin- 
 ued a member thereof, under his son's preaching. 
 
 NATHANIEL BARNES, Boston. Clerk of the Company, 
 and by directions from the commander, Maj. Savage, in 
 1680, he made a complete roll of all members, with 
 their bondsmen, and also a complete list of officers from 
 the beginning. This he certified, as Clerk, in 1681. 
 To the preservation of this list we are mainly indebted 
 for all we know of the first years of the Company. His 
 labors were great, and in 1 746 they were thought worthy 
 of being transcribed. Dunton says, he was Clerk to 
 the government, a matchless accomptant, a great mu- 
 sician, bookish to a proverb, very generous to stran- 
 gers." 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM PHILLIPS, Saco in 1659 ; appointed 
 a magistrate by King Charles II ; Commissioner in 
 1665 ; was a Major in 1675. His house was assaulted 
 by the Indians, Sept. 18th, 1675, and soon after burnt 
 by them. There was a William Phillips, innholder, in 
 Boston. 
 
 * The descendants of members, out of respect to their memory and example, 
 enrolled themselves as memhers. I find it the case from generation to generation, 
 and accompanied with such incontrovertible evidence, that I conceive it safe 
 sometimes to presume the fact.
 
 199 
 
 SAMUEL WAKEFIELD, Boston. In his house one of 
 the great fires in Boston began. Samuel, Ar. Co. 1685, 
 was probably his son. 
 
 LIEUT. ISAAC WALKER, Boston ; son of Isaac, Ar. Co. 
 1644. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 ROBERT BUTCHER, Boston ; member of the Old South 
 Church. 
 
 JOSHUA WINSOR, Boston, merchant. His will is dated 
 Nov. 9th, 1717, and proved Nov. 25th, 1717. 
 
 CAPT. BOZOUN ALLEN, Boston, tanner. He was en- 
 gaged in the revival of the Ar. Co. ; its Ensign, to serve 
 until the next regular election ; its Lieutenant 1691 ; 
 Capt. 1696. A man of influence, probably leader of 
 the mechanic interest in Boston, for we find him fre- 
 quently Moderator of town-meetings, and in other town 
 offices. Representative of Boston in 1700. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1676, by Samuel Willard, 
 Boston Prov. IV. 23d. Printed. 
 
 1677. 
 
 COL. JOSEPH DUDLEY, Roxbury, lawyer, was born 
 July 23d, 1647.* He graduated at Harvard in 1665; 
 was Representative 1673 to '5, and from 1676 to 1686 ; 
 an Assistant, when he was appointed President of Mas- 
 sachusetts and New Hampshire. In 1682 and '9, he 
 went to England, and was deeply engaged in the court 
 intrigues there, about New England affairs. During 
 his stay there, he was eight years Deputy Governor of 
 the Isle of Wight. He returned, with a commission 
 from Queen Anne as Governor of Massachusetts and 
 New Hampshire, in which office he remained until No- 
 vember, 1715. He died at Roxbury, April 2d, 1720, 
 aged 72. His brother, Paul, joined the Ar. Co. with 
 
 * Allen's Biography says, Sept. 23, 1647.
 
 200 
 
 him. From his having the title of Captain when he first 
 joined, I conclude he was Captain of militia in Roxbury. 
 I suppose he obtained the rank of Major and Colonel 
 in the British army. He was agent for the colony to 
 England in 1682, jointly with Major Richards, and re- 
 turned Oct. 23d, 1683. 
 
 The following appeared in the Boston News Letter, 
 April, 1720:* 
 
 "On Saturday, 2d current, died the very honorable Joseph Dudley, 
 Esq, at his seat in Roxbury, in the 73d year of his age, being born 
 Sept. 23d, 1647 ; and on Friday, 8th current, he was interred in the 
 sepulchre of his father, with all the honor and respect his country 
 was capable of doing him ; there being two regiments of foot, with 
 two troops of horse in arms ; and while his funeral was passing, the 
 guns at his Majesty's Castle William were fired ; and on the occasion 
 all the bells of the town of Boston were tolled. There attended at 
 the funeral, the members of his Majesty's Council, in Boston and 
 the neighboring towns ; a great number of Justices of the Peace, 
 Ministers, gentlemen, merchants and others. 
 
 "" Gov. Dudley was the son of the Hon. Thomas Dudley, Esq, (for 
 many years Governor of New England,) and the son of his old age, 
 being born after his father was seventy years old. During his child- 
 hood, he was under the care of his excellent mother, and the Rev. 
 Mr. Allen, the Minister of Dedham, who married her. He was educat- 
 ed at the free school in Cambridge, under the famous master Corlet ; 
 from thence he went to the College in Cambridge, and there took 
 his degrees in the Presidentship of Mr. Chauncey. The first of his 
 public appearance for his country's service, was in the Narragansett 
 Indian war, 1675. In 1686, the government of the Massachusetts 
 Colony being changed to a President and Council, he had a commis- 
 sion to command in chief; and after the arrival of Andross in the 
 government of New England, New York, &c, he continued Presi- 
 dent of the Council and Chief Justice. In 1690, he had a commis- 
 sion of Chief Justice of New York. In 1693, he went a third time 
 for England. While in England, he had the honor to serve as a 
 member of the House of Commons for the borouh of Newton, on 
 the Isle of Wight ; but, staying in England till his Majesty's death, 
 he was obliged to get his commission renewed from Queen Anne, 
 with which he arrived at Boston, June llth, 1702, and was received 
 
 * There are some discrepancies in dates.
 
 201 
 
 with great respect and affection, and continued in the government 
 until November, 1715. 
 
 " Having been educated at Harvard College, he always retained 
 for his Alma Mater an affectionate regard. It was, no doubt, fortu- 
 nate for this institution that so warm a friend to it had so much 
 power in the country, after the Province Charter was annulled in 1686. 
 
 " He was a man of rare endowments and shining accomplishments, 
 a singular honor to his country. He was early its darling, always 
 its ornament, and in his age its crown. The scholar, the divine, the 
 philosopher, and the lawyer, all met in him. Under his adminis- 
 tration, we enjoyed great quietness, and were safely steered through 
 a long and difficult Indian and French war. His country have once 
 and again thankfully acknowledged his abilities and fidelity in their 
 addresses to the throne. He truly honored and loved the religion, 
 learning and virtue of New England ; and was himself a worthy 
 patron and example of them all." 
 
 Dudley was of the moderate party in 1680, supposing 
 it best to acquiesce in the surrender of the old charter, 
 and wait for circumstances. This paved the way for 
 his agency, but being unsuccessful, he lost his election 
 as an Assistant, and Richards also, in 1 684. In his first 
 visit to England, when he found he could not serve his 
 country, by obtaining a confirmation of the old charter, 
 he served himself, and became a prominent candidate 
 for the Chief Magistracy. The idea of having a New 
 England man, bred and born, was a circumstance that 
 gave him many friends an advantage he knew well 
 how to use. It is probable that to the politic use he 
 made of it, he owed his appointment as President. We 
 again find him as one of Andross's Council, on the next 
 change or revolution of affairs, and, with Lieut. Gov. 
 Stoughton, one of the Judges of the Superior Court of 
 Massachusetts, and with- him was opposed to the wishes 
 of this Council as to quit-rents, or, rather, Andross's 
 attack upon the people's title to their real estates. 
 Otherwise, he kept in with Andross's party, and so man- 
 aged as to keep up a friendly correspondence with the 
 infamous Randolph. 
 
 28
 
 202 
 
 When Andross's government was overturned by the 
 people, Dudley, one of the most obnoxious to them, 
 was arrested and kept a close prisoner a long time, and 
 the Representatives in General Court decided his of- 
 fence was such that he was not bailable ; and they sent 
 up to the Council of Safety heads of charges against him 
 and others. 
 
 " Mr. Dudley* is in a peculiar manner the object of the people's 
 displeasure ; even throughout all the Colonies, where he hath sat as 
 Judge, they deeply resent his correspondence with that wicked man 
 Randolph, for overturning the government. The Governor and 
 Council, though they have done their utmost to procure his enlarge- 
 ment, yet cannot prevail, but the people will have him in the jail ; 
 and when he hath been by order turned out, by force and tumult 
 they fetch him in." 
 
 He says himself, in a letter to Cotton Mather, June 1st : 
 
 " I am told that this morning is the last opportunity for rolling 
 away the stone from the mouth of this sepulchre, where I am buried 
 alive," &c. 
 
 And to Gov. Bradstreet, September 12th : 
 
 "After twenty weeks' unaccountable imprisonment, and many 
 barbarous usages offered me, I have now to complain, that on Mon- 
 day the whole day I could be allowed no victuals till nine o'clock at 
 night, when the keeper's wife offered to kindle her own fire to warm 
 something for me, and the Corporal expressly commanded the fire 
 to be put out." 
 
 On his third visit to England, we find him endeavor- 
 ing to take advantage of complaints from the Province, 
 and supplant Gov. Phips, whom he caused to be arrest- 
 ed in England, and held to bail in 20,000. 
 
 In 1706, Dudley became very unpopular, having 
 negatived Thomas Oakes as Speaker of the House, and 
 being accused of encouraging an illicit trade with the 
 French possessions in North America. The famous 
 
 * Lieut. Gov. Danforth to I. Mather.
 
 203 
 
 Bank party were his opposers, and wished his removal. 
 He met the Assembly at the election, May, 1715, for 
 the last time, but made no speech, as he was usually 
 wont. Hutchinson says : 
 
 " No New England man had passed through more scenes of busy 
 life than Mr. Dudley. He was educated for the ministry, and if va- 
 rious dignities had been known in the New England churches, pos- 
 sibly he had lived and died a clergyman ; but, without this, nothing 
 could be more dissonant from his genius. He soon turned his 
 thoughts to civil affairs. Ambition was the ruling passion, and per- 
 haps, like Caesar, he had rather be the first man in New England 
 than second in Old. Few men have been pursued by their enemies 
 with greater virulence, and few have been supported by their friends 
 with greater zeal. We have seen a second generation inherit the 
 spirit of their ancestors, the descendants on one side preserving an 
 affection for his family and posterity, and on the other, retaining 
 equal disaffection against them. He applied himself with the greatest 
 diligence to the business of his station. The affairs of the war, and 
 other parts of his administration, were conducted with good judg- 
 ment. In economy he excelled, both in public and private life. He 
 supported the dignity of a Governor without the reproach of parsi- 
 mony, and yet, from the moderate emoluments of his post, made an 
 addition to his paternal estate. The visible increase of his sub- 
 stance made some incredible reports of gross bribery and corrup- 
 tion to be easily received ; but, in times when party spirit prevails, 
 what will not a Governor's enemies believe, however injurious and 
 absurd ?" 
 
 " Some of Gov. Dudley's descendants," says Farmer, "claim their 
 descent from John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, beheaded by 
 order of Queen Mary, August 22d, 1653, aged 51 ; but the evi- 
 dence in Dugdale's Antiquities of Warwickshire, and Camden's 
 Remains, is conclusive against such descent." 
 
 PAUL DUDLEY, ESQ, Roxbury, was a younger brother 
 of Joseph; born at Roxbury, Sept. 8th, 1650, when the 
 venerable Gov. Thomas, his father, was 73 years old. 
 He married Mary, daughter of Gov. Leverett, and died 
 in 1681. He was Register of Probate. Neither he nor 
 his brother preceding ever sustained any office in the 
 Ar. Co. He was a member of the Old South Church.
 
 204 
 
 WIALIAM DAVIS, Boston ; youngest son of Capt. 
 William, Ar. Co. 1643, and brother of Maj. Benjamin, 
 Ar. Co. 1673. Member of the Old South Church. 
 
 HENRY POWNING, Boston ; born 1654; son of Henry, 
 of Boston, freeman 1644. 
 
 JOSHUA ATWATER. There was a Joshua Atwater, 
 Assistant, or magistrate of New Haven in 1653, and of 
 Connecticut in 1658. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN BARNARD, Boston ; son of Mathew, Ar. 
 Co. 1660, and born in Boston, Sept. 29th, 1654. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. after its revival in 1696 ; Lieutenant 
 1700.* He was father of Rev. John, Har. Col. 1700. 
 
 BENJAMIN ALLEN, Charlestown. 
 
 CAPT. JAMES HILL, Boston ; probably son of John, 
 Ar. Co. 1647. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1685. A 
 member of the Old South Church, and elected Deacon 
 Nov. 24th, 1693. 
 
 We here insert a copy of a military commission, un- 
 der the old charter government : 
 
 " The Generall Court of the Massachusetts Jurisdiction in New 
 England. 
 
 '* To William Dixie, Captaine, &c. Whereas you are chosen and 
 allowed to be Captaine of the ffoot Military Company of Beverly, in 
 the County of Essex, in New England. These are therefore to will 
 and require you to take care and charge of the said Company as 
 their Captaine, and diligently to intend the service thereof, and ex- 
 ercise the Inferior officers an'd Soldiers thereof in peace and warr for 
 the service of this Commonwealth, commanding them to Obey you 
 as their Captaine for the service of this Commonwealth, and you to 
 observe and obey all such orders and directions as from time to 
 time you shall receive from your Major, or other superior officer or 
 authority of this Commonwealth. Dated in Boston, the 10th day of 
 October, 1677. 
 
 " By the Court. EDWARD RAWSON, Secretary." 
 
 * There being no regular military roster of the Province preserved, I have 
 greatly felt the loss of such a document. No doubt in this case, as in many 
 others, higher offices were sustained by individuals.
 
 205 
 
 The colonists aimed, undoubtedly, at independence, 
 and were unwilling to admit the interference of the King 
 
 t a O 
 
 in their internal concerns. To show more clearly this 
 sentiment by the difference of phraseology, we give the 
 copy of a commission from the President and Council, 
 after the old charter was vacated : 
 
 " The President and Council of his Majestie's Territory and Do- 
 minion of New England, in America. 
 
 "To Jonath. Danforth, Gent. Captain of the Company of foot 
 trained Souldgers in the Towne of Bellrica in ye County of Middlesex. 
 
 " In his Majestie's name, You are required to take into your 
 care and charge the said Company of Trained souldgers, and the 
 said Company to manage, command, and conduct in Peace and 
 Warr according to the directions of Law, and usual methods of dis- 
 cipline ; who are all required to yield all ready obedience accord- 
 ingly ; and you are in all things to attend such directions and orders 
 as shall from time to time be given to you from your Major Generall, 
 or any other your superior officer. 
 
 " By order of the President and Councill. 
 
 " ED. RANDOLPH, Sec'y. 
 
 " Given at the Councill house in Boston, July ye 3d, 1686." 
 
 ..''.- 4 . 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1677, by Josiah Flint, 
 
 Dorchester Heb. II. 10th. 
 
 1678. 
 
 NATHANIEL ELKIN. 
 
 MAJ. HUMPHREY LISCOMB, Boston, merchant. Will 
 dated July 16th, 1688. Inventory 2704 8 0. One of 
 the founders of King's Chapel, in 1686. 
 
 WILLIAM WHITE, Boston, a merchant of enterprise 
 and wealth, born in 1646. A founder of King's Chapel. 
 
 COL. SAMUEL CHECKLEY, Boston, physician and sur- 
 geon, son of Capt. Anthony, Ar. Co. 1662, and an offi- 
 cer of the militia in Boston. After the revolution, wkich 
 overturned Andross's government, he was actively en- 
 gaged in reviving the Ar. Co., was elected its Lieuten-
 
 206 
 
 ant 1694, Captain in 1700, and must have long continued 
 an active member. He was Major of Boston regiment 
 1702, in 1706 Lieut. Colonel, and 1710 Colonel, which 
 office he held two years. When he died I have been 
 unable to ascertain, except that his will was dated Jan- 
 uary, 1711, and proved July 1st, 1712. I conclude he 
 died while Colonel of the regiment. A member of the 
 Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS SMITH, Concord, probably. 
 JOHN FAY. 
 
 BENJAMIN THWING, Boston, joiner ; member of the 
 Old South Church 1642; freeman 1645; was a prin- 
 cipal proprietor of Watertown, and probably of Con- 
 cord, and supposing him only 21 when freeman, he 
 would be only 54 years old when he joined. In the 
 early settlement men possessed the vigor of youth* even 
 at an advanced age. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1678, by Samuel Nowel 
 Genesis XIV. 14th. Printed. 
 
 1679. 
 
 SAMUEL RAVENS CROFT, Boston, married Dionysia, 
 daughter of Maj. Thomas Savage, the charter member. 
 He was a founder of King's Chapel, 1686. 
 
 COL. CHARLES LIDGET, Boston ; died in London, in 
 1698. He appears to have been in Boston during An- 
 dross's government, and is mentioned by Hutchinson. 
 He derived his military title in England. One of the 
 founders of King's Chapel, 1686. 
 
 COL. JOSEPH PARSONS, Springfield, 1646; died Oct. 
 
 9th, 1683. 
 
 
 
 * Gov. Thomas Dudley's son Joseph, born when he was 70, and his son Paul, 
 when 73, at least ; and Savage chosen Commander two years after this, when 
 much older.
 
 207 
 
 BENJAMIN MOUNTFORT, Boston, merchant. Will dated 
 Oct. 21st, 1713, proved Sept. 7th, 1714. He probably 
 lived at the corner of Ann and Sun-court streets, a place 
 long known and called Mountfort's corner. Father of 
 John, Ar. Co. 1697. 
 
 MAJ. THOMAS SMITH. 
 
 COL. NATHANIEL BYFIELD, Boston, 1674, lawyer, son 
 of Rev. Richard B. of Long Ditton, in Sussex, and the 
 youngest of twenty-one children, was born in 1653. He 
 came to Boston 1674, was a proprietor and one of the 
 settlers of Bristol, in the Narragansett country, which he 
 represented in 1693 and other years, and was Speaker. 
 He was repeatedly elected into the Council. He ob- 
 tained a commission, in 1703, as Judge of the Vice 
 Admiralty for the Provinces of Massachusetts Bay, New 
 Hampshire and Rhode Island, which he received in 
 April, 1704, and continued in that office until 1715. 
 That year he went to England, to endeavor to supplant 
 Gov. Dudley, but wanted interest. Having been re- 
 proved by Dudley, in Council, for some alleged errors 
 in judicial proceedings, injuriously, he was ever after in 
 opposition to him, which Dudley revenged by negativ- 
 ing his election as Councillor. He was a Judge of the 
 Common Pleas for Bristol county thirty-eight years; 
 appointed by Gov. Belcher, being one of his favorites, 
 with E. Cooke, jr, in 1730, Judge of the Common Pleas 
 in Suffolk, in the room of Col. Hutchinson and Col. 
 Dudley, removed. In 1729, he was again appointed 
 Judge of the Vice Admiralty. He died at Boston, June 
 6th, 1733, aged 79. 
 
 HON. DAVID WATERHOUSE, ESQ, Boston. Watterhouse 
 on the old roll. One of the Council of Safety, 1689. 
 
 ROBERT JONES. 
 
 JOHN COTTA, Boston, tailor. Will proved Jan. 6th, 
 1728. He was active in the revival of the Ar. Co.
 
 208 
 
 i '-- / 
 
 1690, and held a commission in the militia, but, as the 
 Council records were burnt in 1747, we are not able to 
 say of what grade. All military officers were appointed 
 under the provincial charter by the Governor and Coun- 
 cil. His son John, Ar. Co. 1698. 
 
 SAMUEL BRIDGE, Charlestown; born 1643. 
 
 ENSIGN OBADIAH GILL, Boston, shipwright. Inven- 
 tory April 1st, 1702. 
 
 MAJOR SAMUEL SEWALL, Boston, bookseller ; son of 
 Henry ; born at Bishop-Stoke, in England, 28th March, 
 1652 ; came to New England in 1661 ; graduated at 
 Harvard College 1671 ; admitted freeman 1678. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1683 ; assisted in its revival in 1690, 
 and was Captain in 1701. He was Captain of militia 
 in Boston ; Major of the regiment, 1675-6. He mar- 
 ried Hannah, only child of Capt. John Hull, Mint- 
 master, Ar. Co. 1660, by whom he received 30,000. 
 Among his children was the Rev. Joseph, Pastor of the 
 Old South Church, whom he lived to see settled there, 
 and who, by shedding tears profusely during his prayers,, 
 gained the name of " weeping apostle ;" and another son, 
 Major Samuel, Ar. Co. 1718. 
 
 t He was an Assistant under the old charter, 1684-6 r 
 and of the old and new Council, 1689, and 1692 to I725 r 
 being the last survivor of the first named Councillors, 
 He was Judge of the Superior Court, 1692 ; Chief Jus- 
 tice 1718 ; Judge of Probate for Suffolk 1715 which 
 offices he held to his death. In 1692, while Judge, he 
 was at first strongly inclined against the persons tried 
 for witchcraft ; but he became sensible of his error, and 
 at a public fast gave in to his minister (Old South) a 
 note, " acknowledging his error in the late proceedings, 
 and desiring to humble himself in the sight of God and 
 his people." In 1721, he entered his dissent to a de- 
 claration of war against the Eastern Indians. He was
 
 209 
 
 " a good friend to the aboriginals of every tribe, not 
 from mere humanity and compassion, but he was much 
 inclined to think they were part of the ancient people 
 of God, and that the ten tribes, by some means or other, 
 had strolled into America. He was a Commissioner for 
 propagating the Gospel among them, and with his own 
 substance built them a synagogue, and did many other 
 charitable acts." 
 
 In a letter to his son, who enquired of his aged father 
 respecting their genealogy, he says : 
 
 " Mr. Henry Sewall, my great-grandfather, was a linen draper in 
 the city of Coventry, in Great Britain. He acquired a great estate, 
 was a prudent man, and Mayor of the city. Henry Sewall, my 
 grandfather, was his eldest son, who oute of dislike to the English 
 hierarchy sent over his only son, my father, Mr. Henry Sewall, 
 to N. E. in the year 1634, with net cattel and provisions suitable 
 for a new plantation. On 25th March, 1646, Richard Salton- 
 stall joined together in marriage my father and my mother, Mrs. 
 Jane Dummer, my mother about 19 years old. Your fathers, where 
 are they 1 In 1674 I took my second degree, (at H. Coll.) and Mrs. 
 Hannah Hull,* my dear wife, saw me when I took my degrees, and 
 set her affections on me : though I knew nothing of it till after our 
 marriage, which was February 28th, 1675-6. Gov. Bradstreet mar- 
 ried us." 
 
 He died at Boston, Jan. 30th, 1730, in his 78th year. 
 The Boston News Letter of Jan. 8th, 1730, says: 
 
 " After a month's languishment, died at his residence here, the 
 Hon. Samuel Sewall, Esq, who has for above forty years appeared a 
 great ornament of his town and country. He was early chosen a 
 tutor and fellow at Cambridge College, after taking his degree, but 
 did not long reside there, on account of his marriage within a year. 
 In the disorderly time of Sir E. Andross's government, towards the 
 end of 1688, he went a voyage to England; upon his landing there, 
 met the surprising news of the happy revolution, and returned here 
 the following year." 
 
 "He was universally beloved among us for his eminent piety, 
 
 * The rich heiress- What an excitement to the future orators, on Commence- 
 ment day ! 
 
 97
 
 210 
 
 * ' 
 
 learning, and wisdom, his grave and venerable aspect and carriage, 
 his instructive, affable and cheerful conversation, his strict integrity 
 and regard of justice," which, with many other excellences, ren- 
 dered him " worthy of a distinguishing regard in the New England 
 histories." 
 
 " He lived happily with the wife of his youth about forty-three 
 years, who died Oct. 19th, 1717. He afterwards- married Mrs. Abi- 
 gail Tilley, and Mrs. Mary Gibbs, who is now a mourning widow. 
 He had issue only by the first, seven sons and seven daughters. His 
 understanding continued with him to his last hours. He died in 
 peace, and yesterday was honorably interred." 
 
 JAMES TOWNSEND, Boston, housewright, (his inven- 
 tory, 1707-8, says trader,) brother of Col. Penn, born 
 1646. 
 
 WILLIAM SUMNER, Dorchester ; freeman 1637; Rep- 
 resentative 1658, and twelve other years. He had sev- 
 eral sons. Gov. Increase Sumner, of Roxbury, was a 
 descendant, and his son, Gen. Wm. H. Sumner, Ar. Co. 
 1819; also, Thomas W. Sumner, Esq, Ar. Co. 1792. 
 
 COL. JOHN FOSTER, Boston, merchant; freeman 
 1682 ; derived his military title in England. He came 
 from Ailsbury, in England, shortly before he joined the 
 Ar. Co., and had a great share in the management of 
 affairs from 1689 to 1692. He was one of Dudley's 
 Council, the Council of Safety, and the first Council 
 under the new charter, in which office he continued to 
 his death, Feb. 9th, 1710-11. Hutchinson says he was 
 ' a wealthy merchant, and of a most fair and unblem- 
 ished character." 
 
 HON. EDWARD BROMFIELD, ESQ, Boston, merchant; 
 father of Edward, Ar. Co. 1707, and grandfather of 
 Edward, Ar. Co. 1732. He was twice married. One 
 of his Majesty's Council, a gentleman of great integrity 
 and singular piety. Bromfield lane (street) derives its 
 name from him. He died June 2d, 1734, aged 86. 
 His tomb is in the Chapel ground. A member of the 
 Old South Church. The New England Journal says:
 
 211 
 
 " He was born at Hayward House, the seat of the family, near 
 New Forest, in Hampshire, in England, on Jan. 10th, 1648-9, and 
 baptized in the neighboring church, at Chancroft, on Jan. 16th fol- 
 lowing ; served his apprenticeship at London ; soon after, took a 
 trading voyage to Jamaica, and afterwards toN. E., whither he cam 
 in 1675 ; and finding this then very religious country agreeable to 
 his pious genius, soon chose it for his own, and to live and die 
 among us, and in the trade of merchandize. 
 
 " He served this town in many offices. Even in the time of our 
 old charter, he was one of the commissioners of the peace and trial 
 of civil actions under <10. In May, 1703, chosen into the Council, 
 and from that time annually elected till 1723, when being in the 80th 
 year of his age, his growing infirmities released him from public 
 business. He joined the church of the Rev. and famous Mr. Doolittle, 
 about the 17th year of his age ; entered into a special acquaintance 
 with the renowned Mr. Baxter, and other eminent confessors of 
 Christ, closely attended their ministry with great delight through 
 all the difficulties of the then reigning persecution. 
 " Not long after his coming over, he joined himself to the (Old) 
 South Church in this town, and has been therein a distinguished 
 ornament. His heart was especially set for the propagation of the 
 Gospel in ignorant places, supporting ministers of low salaries, main- 
 taining charity schools for children, and helping poor and hopeful 
 scholars to academical learning. 
 
 " He turned the pasture behind his house into a very sliady grove ; 
 and in the midst he built an Oratory, where, even in his most flour- 
 ishing circumstances and height of business, he would several times 
 a day retire, that he might turn his eyes from beholding vanity. His 
 temper was very active, cheerful, open-hearted, free and liberal. He 
 made every one always easy about him, unless he had to do with bold 
 transgressors, and then he rather wished their reformation than their 
 punishment. In the education of his children he was exceeding 
 careful." 
 
 COL. FRANCIS FOXCRAFT, Boston and Cambridge ; 
 father of Rev. Thomas, of Boston. I suppose him to 
 be the Col. Foxcraft who commanded a regiment raised 
 against the Indians. He died at Cambridge, December 
 31st, 1727. 
 
 WILLIAM POLLARD, Boston, ordinary keeper; father 
 of Capt. Jonathan, Ar. Co. 1700, and grandfather of
 
 212 
 
 Col. Benjamin, Ar. Co. 1726. He died 1690. A mem- 
 ber of the Old South Church. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1679, by Edw. Bulkley, 
 Concord -1st Peter, II. llth. 
 
 1680. 
 ABEL PORTER, Boston in 1643. 
 
 COL. JOHN PHILLIPS, Charlestown ; freeman 1673 ; 
 Representative from C. 1683 to '6 ; one of the Council 
 of Safety, 1689, and Assistant the same year, and one of 
 the first Council under the new charter till 1716. He 
 was Judge of the Common Pleas, then styled the Su- 
 perior Court, the Supreme being the Superior Court, 
 for Middlesex, and Treasurer of the Province. In 1695 
 he was a Commissioner to settle a treaty with the Eastern 
 Indians, when he had the title of Colonel. I suppose 
 he was Colonel of the first Middlesex Regiment. Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1684, and Captain in 1685 ; and 
 before his year of command had expired, the meetings 
 of the Company were suspended upon Andross's arrival. 
 The Company held their April field-day, and elected a 
 clergyman to preach their anniversary sermon in June, 
 1686, but did not parade on that day, or elect any offi- 
 cers. It appears he did not reassemble the Company 
 after Andross was deposed, or resume his command on 
 its revival. Why he neglected, or refused, we are not 
 now able to conjecture. It does not appear he continu- 
 ed a member after its revival. He died March 20th, 
 1725, aged 94. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN OLIVER, Boston, cooper ; was the son 
 of John Oliver, the charter member, and born April 
 15th, 1644. He had six sons and four daughters.* 
 
 STEPHEN BURTON. 
 
 * There was a John OliTer, merchant, whose estate was administered July 21st, 
 1684, bat this, I think, could not mean this person.
 
 213 
 
 LIEUT. ENOCH GREENLEAF, Boston, sadler. 
 
 JOHN PELL, Boston. I suppose him to be a son of 
 William, one of the disarmed, and a tallow chandler. 
 
 JOSEPH GREENLEAF, Boston ; brother of Enoch, pre- 
 ceding. 
 
 COL. GILES DYER, Boston, merchant. Will dated 
 March 3d, 1713; administration account December 
 15th, 1726.* 
 
 WILLIAM TOWEN. I think this should be Towne, and 
 was of Cambridge ; probably ancestor of Gen. Towne, 
 of Charlton, Mass. 
 
 ROBERT MASON, Portsmouth, N. H. He was de- 
 clared a proprietor of N. H. by Charles II. in 1677, 
 and by mandamus in 1680. He was a Councillor in 
 1782, while he resided in Portsmouth. He was named 
 one of Sir E. Andross's Council, but died in 1686. 
 
 JAMES HAWKINS, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN NELSON, Boston, merchant ; a gallant 
 young officer, headed the soldiers, and made the second 
 demand for Andross to surrender. He entered the fort, 
 although much exposed from within and the battery and 
 shipping below. Sir Edmund surrendered to him, and 
 was conducted under guard to Col. J. Usher's house. 
 "He was of a good family, nearly related to Sir Thomas 
 Temple, an enemy to tyrannical government, but an 
 Episcopalian in principle ; of a gay, free temper, which 
 prevented his being allowed any share in the adminis- 
 tration, after it was settled, although he was at the head 
 of the party to whom the fort and Sir Edmund surren- 
 dered." He was, however, selected as one of the Coun- 
 cil of Safety. In the new Council he was omitted. 
 " Notwithstanding the slight put upon him, yet such was 
 
 * The Probate Records are often extremely puzzling. I suppose, from the de- 
 tached fragments of settlement of estates, that the Registers recorded as little as 
 they could. -
 
 214 
 
 the regard for his country, that he ran very great risk 
 of his life in an attempt to give intelligence of the de- 
 signs of the French. He went, not -long after, (the 
 surrender,) upon a trading voyage to Nova Scotia, 
 where he was taken by a party of French and Indians, 
 and carried to Quebec." It was here in confinement 
 he contrived to send a letter of information to the Court 
 at Boston, which Hutchinson gives at length from their 
 files, developing the hostile plans of the French in Au- 
 gust, 1692. He had received a commission from the 
 Provincial Government of Massachusetts, in 1691, to be 
 Commander-in-Chief in -Acadia, when bound on this 
 voyage ; but when he came near the River St. John's he 
 was taken prisoner. He was afterwards carried pris- 
 oner from Quebec to France, where he was confined in 
 the Bastile. The influence of Sir Purbeck Temple, his 
 relative, procured his liberation, after long confinement, 
 and he was restored to his family, after an absence of 
 ten or eleven years. 
 
 Our puritanical ancestors had very little charity for 
 their Christian brethren who differed in matters of con- 
 science or church discipline. It was hard for them to 
 admit any one who differed from them to a participa- 
 tion of even the ordinary privileges of free citizens. It 
 was matter of great complaint, that not more than two 
 or three who favored Episcopalian worship, were admit- 
 ted to any share in the administration of affairs, after 
 the new charter. This resembled their previous con- 
 duct to the Baptists and Quakers. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1680,- by William Adams, 
 Dedham Mark XIV. 50th. 
 
 1681. 
 
 JOHN PORDAGE. 
 THOMAS BEAVIS, Boston ; administration 1683.
 
 215 
 
 SAMUEL BREIGHTON, Boston, cooper ; administration 
 Oct. 21st, 1692. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD SPRAGUE, Charlestown ; son of Capt. 
 Richard, Ar. Co. 1638, and often a Representative. In 
 1703, he bequeathed to Har. Col. 400 in money. 
 
 LIEUT. NATHANIEL REYNOLDS ; son of Nathaniel, Ar. 
 Co. 1658. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH LYNDE, Charlestown ; son of Thomas; 
 born at Charlestown, June 3d, 1636; freeman 1671. 
 Represented Charlestown 1674, &c. and one of the 
 Council of Safety, and the first Council under the new 
 charter, 1692, which office he held many years. He 
 was active in the revival of the Company, 1 690, and 
 their Lieutenant in 1692. He died at Charlestown, 
 Jan. 29th, 1727, aged 90. He must have been 46 
 years old when he joined. He was a gentleman es- 
 teemed for his integrity. 
 
 CAPT. SOLOMON PHIPS, Charlestown. 
 
 MAJ. JOHN CUTLER, Charlestown, physician ; Rep- 
 resentative in 1680 and 1682; father of Rev. Dr. Tim- 
 othy, of Boston. A John Cutler, probably father of 
 Maj. John, died in Boston, September, 1671, aged 86 ; 
 and Farmer gives the death of a John, August 17th, 
 1765, aged 82. 
 
 THADDEUS MACCARTY, Roxbury, shopkeeper. Grave 
 stone in the Granary ground says, died June 18th, 1705, 
 aged 65. An older stone, adjacent, with same name, 
 says, aged 34 probably his son. Rev. Thaddeus, of 
 Kingston and Worcester, was probably a descendant. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS BARNARD, Boston ; born April 4th, 
 1 657 ; son of Mathew, Ar. Co. 1 660. He died aged 59. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN BROOKHAVEN ; Captain in Rhode Island, 
 1669 ; spelt Brookheven on the old roll.
 
 216 
 
 SAMUEL WORDEN. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN LONG, Boston, member of the Old South 
 Church. 
 
 CAPT. JONATHAN FARNAM, Boston, born 1638. 
 THOMAS BRINLEY, Boston, a founder of King's Chapel. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1681, by John Richard- 
 son, Newbury Luke III. 14th. 
 
 1682. 
 
 CAPT. HENRY DEERING, Boston, shopkeeper, suc- 
 ceeded Barnes as Clerk of the Ar. Co., its Ensign 1693, 
 Lieutenant 1696. He was engaged in the revival, 
 1690. He died 1717. Hutchinson, speaking of the 
 great mortality among old people, says he was buried, 
 with his wife in the same grave, over 70 years of age. 
 
 COL. JOHN BALLENTINE, Boston, son of William, born 
 in Boston, 1653; Representative from Boston in 1726 ; 
 a subaltern in the militia about the time he joined the 
 Ar. Co. ; was soon promoted Captain ; Major of Boston 
 regiment; Lieut. Colonel 1710; Colonel 1712. After 
 serving as Orderly, he was -elected Ensign of the Ar. 
 Co. 1694, Lieutenant 1697, and twice Captain, 1703, 
 1710. He was active in promoting its revival, and 
 from his so frequently being bondsman, continued a 
 member to his death, which happened April 27th, 1734, 
 in his 81st year. He was frequently Moderator of Bos- 
 ton Town Meetings, and held various town offices. His 
 son, Capt. John, was of the Ar. Co. 1694. His inventory 
 was, real estate, 6725 ; personal, 533 12 5. His 
 mansion house was near the Mill Bridge. 
 
 EDWARD SMITH. 
 
 HON. JOHN EYRE, ESQ, Boston, merchant, son of 
 Simon, of Watertown, was born in Boston, Feb. 19th, 
 1654. He was one of the ten persons, all members of
 
 217 
 
 the Ar. Co. together with Bradstreet, the former Gov- 
 ernor, Stoughton and one other, thirteen in all, who 
 signed the first summons sent to Andross to surrender, 
 when he retired, with his counsel and friends, to the fort 
 on Fort Hill, for safety. Eyre and Nathaniel Oliver 
 were the bearers of that summons, which he did not 
 obey, but on the second demand, by Capt. Nelson, 
 yielded himself a prisoner. He was chosen one of the 
 Council of Safety, in 1689, and Representative from 
 Boston in 1693, '6, '8, '9. He lived in Prison lane, 
 formerly called Queen, now Court street. He died June 
 17th, 1700. Inventory 6078 18 0. "This family," 
 says Farmer, "is of ancient descent, and may possibly 
 centre in Simon Eyre, Mayor of London in 1445, who 
 was son of John, of Brandon, in Suffolk. 
 
 DANIEL TAYLOR. 
 MICHAEL WILLIAMS. 
 
 GILES SYLVESTER. 
 
 o otjj$*0 '-MI ,tiHj lonmvoiJ md~ 
 
 THOMAS COLE. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN JACOBS, Hingham. 
 
 EBENEZER SAVAGE, Boston, upholsterer, thirteenth 
 child and ninth son of Maj. T. Savage, the charter 
 member, born at Boston, May 22d, 1660. 
 
 BENJAMIN SAVAGE, Boston, fifteenth child and eleventh 
 son of Maj. T. Savage, born at Boston, Oct. 1662. 
 
 EBENEZER PIERPONT, Roxbury, died Dec. 17th, 1696. 
 
 * 
 
 LIEUT. THOMAS BAKER, Boston, born 1653. 
 LIEUT. JONATHAN CALL, Charlestown ; Representa- 
 tive 1689. 
 
 EDWARD HUNLOCK. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1682, by Samuel Whit- 
 ing, Jr. Billerica Psalms XVIII. 39th.
 
 218 
 
 
 
 In 1683, it does not appear that any members were 
 admitted. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1683, by John Hale, Bev- 
 erly Judges III. 1st and 2d. 
 
 1684. 
 
 LIEUT. THOMAS OAKES, Boston, physician, son of 
 Edward, of Cambridge, and brother of President Urian ; 
 was born at Cambridge, June 18th, 1644; graduated at 
 Harv. College, 1662. He was an officer of the militia. 
 In 1689, Representative from Boston, and Speaker. 
 Soon afterwards he went to England as an agent for 
 Massachusetts, in procuring the new charter. He was 
 Assistant in 1690, while absent. He sided with Cooke, 
 Sen'r, to obtain a restitution of the old charter, which 
 was fruitless ; or for reassuming it, and differed from 
 I. Mather, but finally joined with him in a petition 
 for a new charter. In 1 703, being again chosen Speaker, 
 the Governor put his negative on the choice ; but he 
 continued, notwithstanding, to hold that office. He 
 was also the same year chosen into the Council, but the 
 Governor (Dudley) negatived him there also. Probably 
 he had incurred Dudley's enmity in England. Oakes 
 seems to have long been the leader of the opposition, 
 and not a very comfortable antagonist. He was Repre- 
 sentative again for Boston several years. In 1705 he 
 was again chosen Speaker, and negatived by Dudley, 
 who ordered them to proceed to the choice of another 
 person, but the House refused. "As often as he was 
 elected into the Council he was negatived ; Dudley had 
 determined to keep him as far off as he could, being 
 always a thorn in his side. He died at Welfleet, (Cape 
 Cod,) July 15th, 1719, aged 75.* 
 
 *Dunton has some account of his character. See Mass. His. Col. Vol. II. and 
 Snow's Hist. Boston, p. 178. " I was so happy as to find particular friends in 
 Boston, whose characters I shall next give you, and I'll begin with Dr. Oakes.
 
 219 
 
 WILLIAM ROBIE, Boston, wharfinger. Administra- 
 tion Feb. 3d, 1717. 
 
 ROGER KILCUP, Boston, master mariner. In his will 
 he styles himself merchant. His grave-stone, in the 
 Granary ground, says, " Died Oct. 1st, 1702, aged 52. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1684, by Samuel Cheever, 
 Marblehead Heb. II. 10th. 
 
 1685. 
 
 THOMAS CLARKE; probably a grandson of Major 
 Thomas, Ar. Co. 1638. 
 
 THOMAS MALLARD. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS HUNT, Boston, anchor-smith ; a mili- 
 tia officer, and zealously engaged in the revival of the 
 Ar. Co.; elected its Ensign 1695; Lieutenant 1698. 
 Administration on his estate 1709. A member of the 
 Old South Church. 
 
 SAMUEL WAKEFIELD, Boston ; son of Samuel, Ar. 
 Co. 1676. 
 
 ENSIGN SAMUEL MARSHALL, Boston, cooper ; en- 
 gaged in the revival of the Company ; its Ensign in 
 1698. His will is dated Oct. 25th, 1739 ; proved Feb. 
 22d, 1742. 
 
 NATHANIEL CRYNES. I believe this surname is wrong 
 on the old transcribed roll, and that it means Keene, or 
 Keayne, son of Christopher, of Cambridge, a member of 
 the church there, who died as early as 1 658. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS BUCKLEY, Boston, merchant. 
 
 He is an eminent physician, and a religious man ; at his first coming to a patient 
 he persuades him to put his trust in God, the fountain of health ; the want of this 
 hath caused the bad success of most physicians ; for they that won't acknowledge 
 God in all their applications, God won't acknowledge them in that success which 
 they might otherwise expect. He was a great dissenter whilst he lived in London, 
 and even in New England retains the piety of the first planters."
 
 220 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1685, by Joshua Moodey, 
 Boston Prov. XVI. 32d. 
 
 1686. 
 
 STEPHEN MASON. I can find no trace of such a per- 
 son, unless he was one of the first Council under the 
 new charter. Hutchinson says he was " a merchant in 
 London, a zealous man in the cause of New England." 
 I suppose, therefore, he might, in the way of business, 
 have been in Boston this year, and joined the Company, 
 and having a full knowledge of the state of affairs here, 
 returned and advocated the interest of the colony. 
 
 FRANCIS BURROUGHS, Boston, bookseller. Dunton 
 says, " he heaped more civilities on me than I can 
 reckon up." His will was proved Dec. llth, 1713. A 
 member of the Old South Church. 
 
 DUNCAN CAMPBELL, Boston, bookseller. Dunton calls 
 him the " Scotch bookseller very industrious, dresses 
 all-a-mode, and 1 am told a young lady of great fortune 
 is fallen in love with him." Administration July 31st, 
 1702 wherein he is styled merchant. His estate was 
 insolvent, paying only eight shillings in the pound. 
 
 The following statement exhibits the succession of 
 Major Generals, called Sergeant Major General, from 
 the first appointment of such an officer to the arrival of 
 Andross, 1686 : 
 
 John Humfrey, appointed 1641 John Leverett, elected 1663 
 
 Thomas Dudley, elected 1644 Richard Bellingham, " 1664 
 
 John Endicott, " 1645 Humphrey Atherton, " 1665 
 
 Edward Gibbons, W 1649 John Leverett, re-elected 1666 
 
 Robert Sedgwick, " 1652 Edward Tyfig, elected 1671 
 
 Daniel Dennison, ' 1653 Daniel Gookin, " 1681 
 
 The Sergeant-majors of Boston Regiment, from the 
 origin of the office, 1644, to its abolition, April, 1689, 
 under the new charter, were :
 
 221 
 
 Edward Gibbons, elected 1644 Thomas Clarke, elected 1673 
 Humphrey Atherton, " 1649 John Richards, " 1683 
 Eleazer Lusher, " 1665 Elisha Hutchinson, " 1689 
 
 In 1680, the Suffolk, Middlesex and Essex Regiments 
 were divided into two. 
 
 There was no Artillery Sermon in 1686, nor any 
 preached again till 1691. There was no General Court 
 during Andross's government, and therefore no Court 
 Sermon for 1687 and 1688. 
 
 Sir Edmund Andross, who arrived 1674, at New York, with a 
 commission as Governor of that Colony which he had obtained 
 through the Duke of York, afterwards King James II, and to whom 
 he was subservient in all things was appointed Governor of New 
 England in 1686, and arrived in Boston Dec. 19th. A commission 
 had been given to Dudley, with a Council of twenty-eight, but was 
 of short duration. In 1688, Andross's commission was enlarged by 
 the addition of New York. He entered upon the discharge of the 
 duties of his office with a strong prejudice against the people of Mas- 
 sachusetts, and exhibited his arbitrary temper by removing from 
 office the magistrates under the old charter, and overturning most of 
 the institutions of the first settlers of New England. The last re- 
 cords of the State, under the old charter, appear to be May 12th, 
 1686. Such was the baseness of his government, that the people 
 were universally dissatisfied, and despised him and his confidential 
 associates. So sensible was he of this, that, by some means at this 
 day unknown, he, or his Secretary Randolph, destroyed or stole all 
 the records of his administration, and there is now no trace of them, 
 or even a single paper relative thereto, left in the office of the 
 Secretary. 
 
 The Company must have held meetings in the beginning of the 
 year 1686, as several members appear to have been admitted ; but 
 they did not celebrate their anniversary in June, by electing new 
 officers ; probably by the order of Andross, or his associates in the 
 government, the meetings were suppressed before that day had ar- 
 rived, and during his administration, and no members were admitted 
 until its revival, 1690. 
 
 The expectation of a revolution in England, in favor of William 
 and Mary, was the only solace of the people. Their dearest rights 
 and interest were invaded, their religion threatened, their titles to 
 real estate questioned; and even the solemn rites of marriage in-
 
 222 
 
 fringed. From the friends of William and Mary, who were the 
 friends of the Colony, they expected better things. They anticipated 
 so much that, upon the first rumor that the Prince of Orange had 
 prevailed in England, all was commotion; the people assembled 
 simultaneously from every part of Boston by the sound of a trumpet, 
 and the sympathy of the country adjacent was seen in an universal 
 rush towards Boston. The old magistrates, to prevent excesses and 
 preserve some degree of order amidst the fermentation, headed the 
 people, and cautiously took measures to assume the government 
 until they should hear from England. 
 
 As soon as the transports of the populace had subsided, the old 
 magistrates proceeded to administer the affairs of government and 
 provide for the common safety. A Council of Safety was organized. 
 The new charter granted by William and Mary did not arrive until 
 May 14th, 1691, and the government was not regularly organized 
 under it until June 8th, 1692. Although this charter differed in many 
 respects from the old, yet the remembrance of their sufferings under 
 the arbitrary government of Andross, and the popularity of those 
 chosen to administer the new, made the people content under it, and 
 they became more and more attached to it, until the conduct of the 
 mother courilry produced the glorious revolution. The tenacious 
 affection for the old forms, and the universal distress occasioned by 
 the depreciated currency, and wild schemes relative to banks, cre- 
 ated parties, and kept up excitement ; but the Province flourished, 
 notwithstanding numerous Indian and foreign wars. 
 
 The earliest attention of the new government was drawn toward 
 the organization of the militia; for, on the 20th April, 1689, they 
 appointed Hon. Wait Winthrop Major General of the Province, and 
 S. Shrimpton Colonel of the Boston Regiment. The titles of Ser- 
 geant Major General and Sergeant-major were abolished. 
 
 No regular field-day of the Company was held until the first Mon- 
 day of April, 1691, when (the old officers having died or left the 
 Company,) CoL Elisha Hutchinson was chosen to command until 
 the succeeding anniversary. A Lieutenant, Ensign and Sergeants 
 were also chosen^ and Dr. Cotton Mather to preach the next Election 
 Sermon. From this time to the commencement of our Revolution- 
 ary war, the Ar. Co. held their meetings, and performed field duty 
 with great regularity, except the autumn of 1721, when the meet- 
 ings were omitted, " in consequence of the General Assembly at 
 their last session having forbid all training and trooping in Boston, 
 by reason of the vast number of people exercised with the small- 
 pox." The exertions to revive the Company were attended with 
 great success, and the admission of many whose public characters
 
 223 
 
 and services served to add lustre to the distinguished reputation it 
 had before sustained. 
 
 1691. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL LYNDE, Boston ; son of Simon, Ar. 
 Co. 1658. 
 
 ROBERT COMBY. 
 LIEUT. THOMAS WILLIS. 
 
 TIMOTHY WADSWORTH, Boston, gun-smith ; probably 
 a son of Capt. Samuel, who was killed by the Indians 
 at Sudbury, April 1 8th, 1 676, and consequently a brother 
 of Rev. Benja. Wadsworth, President of Har. College. 
 
 LIEUT. THOMAS GUSHING, Boston ; Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1709; Representative from Boston 1724 to 
 1734. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH HILL, Boston, varnisher ; died 1727, 
 aged 80. 
 
 TIMOTHY PRATT. 
 JOHN CLOUGH, Boston. 
 
 WILLIAM PAYNE, Boston, merchant. He was brother- 
 in-law of the celebrated Elisha Cooke, jr ; and, being 
 attached to his party, upon their removing John White 
 from the office of Clerk of the House of Representatives 
 for party reasons, in 1721, was elected to that station. 
 He was Representative from Boston in 1715, '16. He 
 was a donor to Harvard College, where he graduated, 
 1689. Paine on the catalogue. 
 
 JOHN ADAMS, Boston, maltster ; son of Samuel A. of 
 Braintree. Administration Feb. 16th, 1702. Member 
 of the Old South Church. 
 
 LIEUT. DANIEL POWNING, Boston, shop-keeper ; Dea- 
 con of the New South Church ; died in 1735. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM GIBBINS, Boston, shop-keeper. Ad-
 
 224 
 
 ministration August 16th, 1711. A will was afterwards 
 found. He was father to John, Ar. Co. 1711, and al- 
 though there is some slight variation in the surname, 
 undoubtedly a descendant of Maj. Gen. Gibbons, a 
 charter member. 
 
 JAMES CORNISH. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN KILRY, Boston ; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 
 1705. Member of the Old South Church. 
 
 ENSIGN TIMOTHY THORNTON, Boston ; Representa- 
 tive 1693, '4, '5. 
 
 SAMUEL MARION, Boston, tailor. Will dated April 
 18th, 1726; proved August 13th, 1726. 
 
 JOHN MARION, JR, Boston, eordwainer ; brother of 
 the preceding. Deacon of the first Church. Adminis- 
 tration Jan. 15th, 1727-8. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN DYAR, Boston, iron-monger; eldest son 
 of John. - 
 
 BENJAMIN DYAR, Boston, shop-keeper ; brother of the 
 preceding. Will proved March 9th, 1718. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1691, by Cotton Mather, 
 Boston Isaiah II. 4th. Printed. 
 
 1692. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. WAIT WINTHROP, Boston, physician ; son 
 of Gov. John, of Connecticut, grandson of Gov. John, 
 of Massachusetts ; born in Boston, Feb. 27th, 1641-2. 
 His name in the family genealogy, or baptismal name, 
 was fVailstill, which he varied for some unknown reason. 
 He married Mary, daughter of Hon. William Brown r 
 of Salem, the Assistant. His great grandson, by his 
 youngest grandson, John Still, Thomas L. Lieut. Gov. 
 of Massachusetts, died in 1841. 
 
 He was one of the Council appointed by King James 
 II. 1685, to advise Sir E. Andross; Chief Justice of the
 
 225 
 
 Superior Court of Massachusetts ; Judge of Admiralty 
 for N. York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, 
 and N. Hampshire ; one of the Council of Safety, 1689, 
 by the title of " A Council for the safety of the people, 
 and conservation of the peace." In 1689 he was an 
 Assistant, and in 1692 one of the first Council under 
 the new charter, and continued to be annually elected 
 until his death. The title of Major is given him while 
 in Connecticut probably he was an officer in their 
 militia. April 20th, 1689, he was appointed sole Major 
 General of Massachusetts, which office he also held to 
 his decease. Hutchinson says : x "Mr. Winthrop was 
 a good sort of a man, and although he was of a genius 
 rather inferior to either of his ancestors, yet he was 
 popular, and the party against Mr. (Joseph) Dudley 
 wished to have him Governor. Winthrop was a plain, 
 honest man." He was one of the old Council, who had 
 drawn up and sent to England a narrative of the pro- 
 ceedings of Sir Edmund, and was chosen agent, in the 
 room of Sir H. Ashurst, for the colony, and was ready to 
 embark when the news of Gov. Dudley's appointment 
 arrived, and prevented his voyage. 
 
 Captain of the Ar. Co. the year he joined, which is 
 the second instance known, and the first duly authen- 
 ticated. By profession he was a physician, and as such 
 was celebrated for his skill ; he practised extensively, 
 but gratis, finding his own medicines. Savage's list of 
 Assistants, Addenda of Winthrop, says, he died Nov. 
 7th, 1717, aged 75. Farmer says, he died Sept. 7th, 
 and with this most .other accounts I have seen agree. 
 His tomb-stone, the same with his grandfather, says 
 aged 76, in the Chapel ground. In his inventory is 
 contained, his coach, two horses and harness, 30 ; 
 silver plate, 115 10 ; farm at Billerica, 200 ; half an 
 acre of land in Boston, 100; Elizabeth Islands, 
 2000 ; stock " in slaves and salt-works," (carried out
 
 226 
 
 nothing,) whole amount of inventory, 3027 188. A 
 member of the Old South Church. 
 
 JOSEPH BELKNAP, Ju, Boston, leather dresser ; son of 
 Joseph, Ar. Co. 1658. Will dated Dec. 22d, 1715; 
 proved June 13th, 1716. He held a militia commission. 
 A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 GIBSON FAWER. This name may be an abbreviation 
 of Fairweather ; there was a Capt. Fairweather, noted 
 in the wars with the Eastern Indians, soon after. 
 
 WILLIAM KEINE, Boston ; possibly a descendant of 
 . Capt. Robert Keayne, founder of the Ar. Co. 
 
 DAVID NORTON. 
 
 SAMUEL LILLEY, Boston. This was probably the son 
 of the person about whose burial Deacon Frary made 
 such a fuss, see Frary, Ar. Co. 1666, and whose 
 mother married Edward Bromfield, Ar. Co. 1679. 
 
 CAPT. ADAM WINTHROP, Boston, merchant; in the 
 
 former edition Col. , son of Adam Winthrop, Ar. 
 
 Co. 1642, and grandson of Gov. John. He graduated 
 at Har. Col. 1668. Captain of militia. There were 
 three companies of militia in Boston, April, 1689, 
 which assembled on the revolution of Andross's govern- 
 ment ; Winthrop commanded one, Shrimpton and Nich- 
 olas Paige the other two.* He was Representative of 
 Boston 1689, 1691, '2; Councillor under the new char- 
 ter, 1692, and continued to be elected to his death, Au- 
 gust 30th, 1700, aged 52. He lies buried in the family 
 tomb, in the Chapel ground. He was also a Judge of 
 the Superior Court, 1692. 
 
 JOSEPH WINTHROP, Boston ; son of General Wait 
 Winthrop. 
 
 * There were but four companies of militia in Boston ns late as the Revolution- 
 ary War.
 
 227 
 
 HON. ADDINGTON DAVENPORT, ESQ, Boston ; gradu- 
 ated at Har. Col. 1689; Representative 1711, '12, '13. 
 In 1714he was appointed one of the Trustees of " Bills 
 of Credit," and in 1715, one of the Commissioners for 
 keeping the great seal, public records and files. He 
 was appointed a Judge of the Superior Court in 1715, 
 . in which office he continued to 1735. He died the 
 next year, aged 66. 
 
 JOHN WINSLOW, Boston, merchant; son or grandson 
 of Gov. Edward ; born in 1 665. He brought the Prince 
 of Orange's declaration to New England, from Nevis, 
 in Feb. 1689, for which he*was imprisoned by Sir E. 
 Andross, although he offered 2000 security. I sup- 
 pose him to be one of the four purchasers of the tract of 
 land on Kennebec river, called the Plymouth Company. 
 (See Brattle and Tyng.) A member of the Old South 
 Church. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN KEECH, Boston, merchant. Inventory 
 Feb. 1st, 1696. 
 
 LIEUT. EDMUND BROWNE. 
 
 ROBERT GIBBS, Boston ; member of the Old South 
 Church, and son of Capt. Benjamin, Ar. Co. 1666. 
 
 EJMSIGN JOHN MORE, Boston. 
 
 JOSEPH BRISCOE, Boston ; member of the Old South. 
 
 JAMES THORNBURY. 
 
 HEZEKIAH HENCHMAN, Boston, bookseller; son of 
 Capt. Daniel, Ar. Co. 1675, 
 
 THOMAS JACKSON. 
 
 JOHN BORLAND, Boston, merchant. He was the 
 " noted merchant," who was supposed to be principally 
 concerned, with Gov. Dudley's connivance, in 1706, in 
 trading with the French, then at war, at Nova Scotia 
 and Canada, and with others was brought to trial before
 
 228 
 
 the whole Court, found guilty, and sentenced to a fine 
 of 1 000, and three months' imprisonment. The Court 
 finally punished him the most severe of any concerned, 
 by a fine of 1 1 00. This proceeding was not approved 
 of by the Queen, and the fines were ordered to be re- 
 funded. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL HALL. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1692, by John Bailey, 
 Watertown. 
 
 1693. 
 
 f . 
 
 MOSES DRAPER, Boston, merchant. Inventory March 
 29th, 1715. 
 
 SAMUEL WENTWORTH, Boston ; member of the Old 
 South Church. 
 
 COL. THOMAS SAVAGE, JR, Boston, merchant ; son of 
 Lieut. Col. Thomas, Ar. Co. 1665 ; born at Boston, 
 August 2d, 1668; was Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1701 ; 
 Lieutenant 1703 ; Captain 1705. His inventory, April 
 15th, 1721, contains the following, viz: Brick house 
 and land in Dock square, 1400 ; brick house in Union 
 street, 500 ; wooden house, 730 ; other lands, &c. 
 total real estate, 2830 ; real and personal, 3899. A 
 member of the Old South Church. 
 
 COL. NICHOLAS PAIGE, Chelsea, then called Rumney 
 Marsh ; merchant ; came from Plymouth, in England. 
 He married Ann Cole, grand-daughter and heiress of 
 Capt. Robert Keayne, for his first wife. In 1659-60, 
 the General Court had " granted 500 acres of land to 
 Ann Cole, grand-daughter of Robert Keayne, in conse- 
 quence of his liberal donations to the country.' 7 Keayne's 
 estate was not finally settled until after this marriage. 
 They joined in a will, proved Jan. 3d, 1717. She died 
 before him, and he then married Gov. Dudley's sister.
 
 229 
 
 He was witness to certain articles of peace with the 
 Narragansetts, dated July 15th, 1675, when he probably 
 held the office of Ensign in the expedition. He was 
 Captain of one of the three companies of militia in Bos- 
 ton, which rallied immediately on the attempt to over- 
 throw Andross's government, April, 1689. He was 
 elected Captain of the Ar. Co. 1695. When he obtain- 
 ed the title of Colonel I cannot say. 
 
 LIEUT. NATHANIEL HOLMES, Boston, joiner. 
 
 ENSIGN SAMUEL PHILLIPS, Boston, bookseller. In 
 his will, proved Oct. 31st, 1J20, he is styled merchant. 
 Gillman Phillips, Ar. Co. 1714, was his son. He had 
 also a son Henry. His daughter Hannah married Ha- 
 bijah Savage, Ar. Co. 1699, and daughter Faith mar- 
 ried Arthur Savage, Ar. Co. 1738. A member of the 
 Old South Church.* 
 
 JAMES FOWLES. Fowley in the former edition. 
 
 JOHN COMBS ; supposed to be John Conney, Boston, 
 tailor. Will proved Jan. 23d, 1709. There was a John 
 Coombe, member of Old South Church, Boston. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1693, by John Danforth, 
 Dorchester. 
 
 1694. a"i:' 
 
 THOMAS PHILLIPS, Boston, shopkeeper. Will dated 
 August 16th, proved Sept. 9th, 1734. 
 
 JOSEPJS ALLEN. 
 
 COL. THOMAS HUTCHINSON, Boston, merchant ; son 
 of Col. Elisha, Ar. Co. 1670; born Jan. 30th, 1674, at 
 Boston, and father of Gov. Thomas, the historian of 
 
 * Dunton calls him his old correspondent, and says: " He treated me with a 
 noble dinner, and (if I may trust my eyes) is blessed with a pretty, obliging wife; 
 I'll say that for Sam, (after dealing with him for some hundred pounds,) he is 
 very just, and (as an effect of that,) very thriving. I shall add to his character, 
 that he is young and witty, and the most beautiful man in the town of Boston."
 
 230 
 
 Massachusetts. An officer of the militia in Boston, and 
 rose to command that regiment. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 
 1699; Lieutenant 1 70 1 ; Captain twice, 1704 and 1718, 
 and was a valuable member for many years. 
 
 He was Representative from Boston, 1708 to 1714, 
 then chosen into the Council, and continued annually 
 elected, except two years, until his death, Dec. 3d, 1739, 
 aged 65. He lived in the mansion house afterwards 
 occupied by his son while Governor, and recently occu- 
 pied by William Little, Esq, in North square. " Re- 
 gardless of the frowns of a Governor, or the threats of 
 the people, he spoke and voted according to his judg- 
 ment, attaching himself to no party further than he 
 found their measures tended to promote the public in- 
 terest." He was violently opposed to the emission of 
 paper money, in 1713 and 1714. " He was an enemy, 
 all his life, to a depreciating currency, upon a principle 
 very ancient, but too seldom practiced upon, nil utile 
 quod non honestum." At length, after a long struggle, 
 the party for a public bank prevailed in the General 
 Court for a loan of 50,000, in bills of credit, which 
 were put into the hands of five trustees, and lent for 
 five years only, to any of the inhabitants, at five per 
 cent, interest, one fifth part of the principal to be paid 
 annually." He and his brother, Edward, were appointed 
 two of these trustees ; but their efforts were unavailing 
 to keep up their value, and from this time may be dated 
 the origin of the distresses of the country on account 
 of depreciation and scarcity of money and old tenor 
 troubles. He arrested the famous pirate, Capt. Kidd, 
 afterwards executed in Boston, 1699, when he drew his 
 sword upon the officer. 
 
 He gave 300 to Harvard College, and died pos- 
 sessed of a large property. In his inventory are men- 
 tioned his coach and horses, which none in those days 
 possessed except gentlemen of great property. He lived
 
 231 
 
 to participate in the first centennial celebration of the 
 Ar. Co. anniversary. He never received a liberal edu- 
 cation. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN BALLENTINE, JR, Boston, merchant; son 
 of Col. J. B. Ar. Co. 1682 ; born 1675.* An officer of 
 militia in Boston; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1706; Lieu- 
 tenant 1708. He graduated at Harv. College 1694-5, 
 the same year he joined the Ar. Co. Inventory May 
 9th, 1735. Real estate, 6550. Personal, 533 11 5. 
 "Thursday, Jan. 2d, 1735, died here, (Boston,) John 
 Ballentine, Esq, one of His Majesty's Justices of the 
 Peace, Clerk of the Superior Court of Common Pleas, 
 and Register of Deeds for the County of Suffolk ; all 
 which posts he discharged with great prudence and 
 fidelity,! and was a gentleman beloved and esteemed 
 among us." 
 
 JEREMIAH ALLEN, Boston, probably a brother of Jo- 
 seph, preceding. He was Province Treasurer. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ADAM WINTHROP, JR, Boston, great- 
 grandson of the first Governor of Massachusetts ; Rep- 
 resentative from Boston 1714 and 1715, and elected a 
 Councillor; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1702, Lieutenant 
 1704, Captain 1706. He was also an officer of the 
 Boston militia, and Major of the regiment 1706 ; Lieut. 
 Colonel 1709, but never Colonel, as we can now ascer- 
 tain. He graduated at Harv. College, 1694. He died 
 Oct. 2d, 1743. Inventory 715 6 1. His son Adam's 
 will 1744. Inventory 801 6. 
 
 JOHN SAVAGE, Boston, the fourteenth child and tenth 
 son ef Maj. Thomas, the charter member; born 1661 ; 
 graduated at Harvard College, 1794.- 
 
 * This would make him but 19 years of age when be joined the Ar. Co. 
 
 tSee New England Journal, of Jan. 6th, 1735. There is much confusion of 
 dates here, but may be easily explained by old style and new style. It also speaks 
 of the Superior Court of Common Pleas.
 
 CAPT. EDWARD BRATTLE, Boston, son of Capt. 
 Thomas, Ar. Co. 1675. 
 
 JOHN DAVENPORT, Boston; freeman 1669; son of 
 Rev. John. 
 
 CAPT. HOPESTILL FOSTER, Boston, shopkeeper, some 
 say housewright ; son of Hopestill, Ar. Co. 1673; grand- 
 son of Hopestill, Ar. Co. 1642; died Sept. 23d, 1735. 
 He had a son, Hopestill, Boston, bookseller. 
 
 THOMAS BAKER, Lynn. 
 SAMUEL CLOUGH. 
 
 ROBERT GUTTRIDGE, Boston, probably a son of John r 
 Ar. Co. 1640. He was a witness in 1724. 
 
 JOSEPH BILLINGS. 
 
 NICHOLAS BUTTOLPH, Boston, bookbinder. An officer 
 of militia, and father of John, Ar. Co. 1718. He died 
 Jan. 29th, 1736-7, aged 51, and his tomb is No. 60, in 
 the Granary ground. Buttolph street derives its name 
 from his family. 
 
 RICHARD GREEN. 
 
 GEORGE ROBINSON, Boston, carver. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1694, by Moses Fiske, 
 Braintree Ephes. VI. 14th. Manuscript in the Mass. 
 Hist. Library. 
 
 1695. 
 
 DAVID DURE, Boston. 
 
 SAMUEL SHRIMPTON, JR, Boston, merchant, son of 
 Col. Samuel, Ar. Co. 1670. Died about May, 1703. 
 
 ANTHONY CHECKLEY, JR, Boston, son of Capt* An- 
 thony, Ar. Co. 1662, and brother of Col. Samuel, Ar. 
 Co. 1678. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD GRIDLEY, Boston, currier, grandson 
 of Capt. Richard, Ar. Co. 1658, and probably father of
 
 233 . , 
 
 Col. Jeremy Gridley, Attorney General. Member of 
 the Old South Church. 
 
 JOHN BUCHANNAN, Boston, baker. Administration on 
 his estate Feb. 28th, 1731. 
 
 WILLIAM CLOUGH, Boston, blacksmith. Administra- 
 tion March 18th, 1733. 
 
 WILLIAM SUTTON. 
 AMBROSE HUNNEWELL 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1695, by Peter Thacher, 
 Milton. Printed. 
 
 1696. 
 
 WILLIAM CROW, Boston. 
 SETH SMITH. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1696, by Michael Wig- 
 glesworth, Maiden. 
 
 1697. 
 
 CAPT. ZECHARIAH TUTTLE, generally spelt Zachery 
 Tuthill, and so in his will, dated January 3d, proved 
 Feb. 5th, 1721. He was of Boston, a militia officer; 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1700; Lieutenant 1702. 
 
 JOHN MOUNTFORT, Boston, cooper, son of Benjamin, 
 Ar. Co. 1679. Died January, 1723. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1697, by Nehemiah Wal- 
 ter, Roxbury. 
 
 1698. 
 
 JOHN COTTA, JR, Boston, hatter, son of John, Ar. Co. 
 1679. In the administration of his estate, June 17th, 
 1728, he is styled felt-maker. 
 
 ENSIGN BENJAMIN EMMONS, JR, Boston, trader. En- 
 
 30 
 
 "
 
 234 
 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1721. Will proved August 17th, 
 1752. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 DAVID BUCKLEY. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN NOTES, Boston, Esquire, son of John, 
 Ar. Co. 1676. Administration Aug. 15th, 1749. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1704. 
 
 The first regular record, original, remaining of the 
 Ar. Co. is dated April 4th, 1698, all previous being lost, 
 and is the election of Rev. Joseph Belcher, of Dedham, 
 to preach the sermon. The records from that time are 
 preserved. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1698, by Joseph Belcher, 
 Dedham 1st Cor. IX. 26 and 27. Printed. 
 
 1699. 
 
 RICHARD PROCTOR, Boston, shopkeeper ; died about 
 February, 1719. 
 
 WILLIAM CLARKE, Boston, merchant ; erroneously 
 Blake in the former edition. Representative from Bos- 
 ton 1719, five years. In 1731 there was some difficulty 
 about appointing the annual day for Fast, between the 
 Governor and Council on one side, and the House on the 
 other. Clarke, being a Representative, carried his oppo- 
 sition so far that he " would not attend public worship, 
 but opened his warehouse, as upon other days." He was 
 elected into the Council in 1722; but he had adhered 
 so closely to Mr. Cooke's party, and had been so vio- 
 lently opposed to the Governor, that he negatived him ; 
 " but did not serve his own interest, Mr. Clarke's op- 
 position being of greater consequence in the House." 
 I suppose he was a son of Capt. Thomas, Ar. Co. 1644. 
 He was a member of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL KEELING, Boston, merchant. He was
 
 235 
 
 a partner in business with Charles Chauncey, admitted 
 the same year. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1710 ; Cap- 
 tain 1716. Administration was granted to his widow, 
 Jan. 26th, 1729. The inventory only amounted to 
 206 3 0. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. HABIJAH SAVAGE, Boston, merchant. 
 He was fourth son of Lieut. Col. Thomas, Ar. Co. 
 1665. He graduated at Har. Col. 1695. He was an 
 officer of the militia in Boston, Major of the Boston 
 Regiment 1717, and Lieut. Colonel 1727, but never 
 Colonel, as ascertained. He was first Orderly of the 
 Ar. Co., then Lieutenant, 1709, and Captain 1711, 
 1721 and 1727, and continued a useful member to his 
 decease. After he commanded the last time, being a 
 field officer of the Boston Regiment, and in the ranks 
 of the Company, April 7th, 1729, none of the commis- 
 sioned officers present to lead, he was by hand vote se- 
 lected to lead them on that day. He did not do, as is 
 often the case in modern times, as soon as he had had 
 the honor of commanding, begin to neglect appearing 
 in the ranks. He was Representative from Boston in 
 1717 and '18. He died Sept. 16th, 1746, aged 72. A 
 member of the Old South Church. 
 
 CHARLES CHAUNCEY, Boston, merchant ; father of 
 President Chauncey. He was an officer of the Boston 
 militia. Administration March 26th, 1712. A member 
 of the Old South. 
 
 EDWARD PROCTER, Boston, tailor ; grandfather of 
 Col. Edward, Ar. Co. 1756. Will proved November 
 26th, 1751. 
 
 HENRY BRIDGHAM, Boston, tanner ; grandson of Capt. 
 Henry, Ar. Co. 1644, and son of Joseph, Ar. Co. 1674 ; 
 an officer of the Boston militia ; member of the Old 
 South.
 
 236 
 
 JOHN EDWARDS, Boston, gold-smith. His will was 
 dated 1743 ; proved April 22d, 1746. His son Joseph, 
 Ar. Co. 1738. &i 
 
 SAMUEL GASKILL, JR. 
 
 JOHN ADAMS, Boston, shipwright ; son of Alexander, 
 Ar. Co. 1652. A member of the Old South Church, 
 and died about May, 1732. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN WHARTON. 
 
 HON. ELISHA COOKE, JR, ESQ, Boston, lawyer ; 
 grandson of Lieut. Richard, Ar. Co. 1643, and son of 
 Elisha, of historic fame. He was grandson of Gov. 
 Leverett, by the mother's side ; was born in Boston, 
 Dec. 20th, 1678 ; graduated at Har. Col. 1697. An 
 officer of the Boston militia ; he held numerous civil 
 offices, and his fame as an orator and politician was so 
 great, that his military title is lost sight of. Represent- 
 ative from Boston 1715, eighteen years ; he died while 
 in that office. He pursued such measures as rendered 
 him obnoxious to the prerogative party. He was ex- 
 tremely popular in Boston, and principal leader of the 
 opposition party in the House, the other Boston mem- 
 bers and a majority of the country members adhering 
 to him through several administrations. His eloquence 
 swayed the public mind, and he continued in constant 
 favor with the people until near his decease. His ora- 
 tory is spoken of as animating, energetic, concise, per- 
 suasive, and pure. 
 
 His opposition might have been caught from his 
 father, who was of the violent party, adhering to the old 
 and opposing the new charter. Mr. Cooke, jr, was of 
 the Land Bank party in 1714, a disastrous speculation ; 
 but he sided with the prominent men of the day. He 
 " had the character of a fair and open enemy, was free 
 in expressing his sentiments, and the Governor was 
 informed of some contemptuous language in private
 
 237 
 
 company, with which he was so much offended, as to 
 procure Mr. Cooke's removal from the place of Clerk 
 of the Superior Court." A dispute arising respecting 
 the conduct of his Majesty's Surveyor of the woods in 
 Maine, Cooke immediately embarked in the contro- 
 versy, and, with horse and foot, ever after was the great 
 partizan warrior of the opposition. This accounts for 
 his rejection as Speaker, in 1720, and from the Council, 
 1718. 
 
 He was chosen by joint ballot of the House and 
 Council, agent of the Province to England, and sailed 
 Jan. 18th, 1723. He had been a violent opposer of 
 Gov. Shute, and, meeting him in England, refused to 
 be reconciled to him. He continued in England two 
 years, but his mission was unsuccessful. May, 1726, 
 he was chosen into the Council, and Lieut. Gov. Dum- 
 mer did not negative him. This may be considered as 
 a mark of approbation for his conduct in England ; his 
 salary while absent was small, but he " acquiesced 
 therein, for the sake of peace." s In 1731, he seemed 
 to favor the idea of a fixed salary for the Governor, and 
 his popularity began to decline, so that in 1633 or 4, he 
 obtained a small majority, after repeated trials, to be 
 Representative. The usual votes cast in those days even 
 of excitement, rarely exceeded six hundred. Hutchin- 
 son says of him, " that he differed from most who, from 
 time to time, have been recorded in history for popular 
 men. Generally, to preserve the favor of the people, 
 they must change with the popular air. He had the art 
 of keeping the people steady in the applause of his 
 measures. To be careful never to depart from the ap- 
 pearance of maintaining or enlarging rights, liberties 
 and privileges, was all he found necessary." 
 
 When Gov. Burnet arrived, he lodged at Mr. Cooke's 
 house, while the Province House was repairing. He 
 had become acquainted with him in England, and there
 
 238 
 
 was apparent friendship, but it did not last long. The 
 shopkeepers and tradesmen (mechanics) directed the 
 councils of the town, and were Cooke's supporters, and 
 the Governor had been somewhat free in his jokes upon 
 them ; this Cooke knew how to take advantage of in 
 1728. In 1730, Gov. Belcher, to whom he had been a 
 favorite, appointed him Chief Justice of the Common 
 Pleas in Suffolk. He died in August, 1737, aged 59. 
 Inventory, real estate, 31,172 ; total, real and person- 
 al, 32,515 7 3 in paper currency probably ; among 
 other things is 437 ounces of silver plate, prized at 
 590 15, and his library 81. He owned lands at the 
 Eastward, of nominal value. He never sustained any 
 office in the Ar. Co. 
 
 THOMAS SANDFORD. 
 
 CAPT. OLIVER NOYES, Boston, physician ; son of En- 
 sign John, Ar. Co. 1676 ; graduated at Har. Col. 1695 ; 
 Representative from Boston 1714, &c. ; and died in that 
 office, while the General Court was sitting. He was of 
 the Land Bank party, with Elisha Cooke, jr, in all his 
 political career. Hutchinson says, "he was strongly 
 'attached to the popular party, and highly esteemed by 
 them ; was of a very humane, obliging disposition, and 
 in private life no man was more free from indelicacies." 
 He was one of the original projectors of Long wharf, 
 and the erection of that noble pier may justly be attrib- 
 uted to his enterprising spirit. The work was com- 
 menced soon after the great fire in October, 1711, called 
 by Snow the fourth great fire in Boston, which com- 
 menced in Capt. Ephraim Savage's house, in Williams 
 court, and swept off both sides of old Cornhill, part of 
 (Queen) Court and State (King) streets, to the dock, 
 together with the Town and State House, and the first 
 Church (old Brick,) now "Joy's buildings." The rub- 
 bish of this fire was chiefly used in filling up Long wharf.
 
 239 
 
 He must have entered into public life, and enterprise, 
 to improve his native town, early in life ; and from the 
 magnitude of his undertakings, resembled the great au- 
 thor of India and Central wharves, Broad, India, Mar- 
 ket, now new Cornhill, Brattle streets, and the Mill- 
 dam, solid causeway Uriah Getting, 
 
 Capt. Noyes was an officer of the Boston militia, and 
 in 1708 an Ensign. He died March 16th, 1721, leav- 
 ing a widow. His inventory, real and personal, with- 
 out lands at the Eastward, or in other counties, 17,193 
 125; debts, 3663 1 2, returned Dec. 30th, 1723, be- 
 fore the paper currency began to depreciate, and there- 
 fore shows a large fortune. A member of Old South 
 Church. 
 
 ^ H 
 
 JOSEPH RUSSELL. If a son of William, of Cambridge, 
 he was born in England. Church member. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 699, by Samuel Willard, 
 Boston 1st Kings, IX. 22d. Printed. 
 
 1700. V>< 
 DAVID JESSE, Boston, goldsmith, died before 1706. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GERRISH, Boston, grandson of William, 
 the Captain of the first Train-band, of Newbury. His 
 -grave-stone, in the Chapel ground, is not legible, ex- 
 cept the name. 
 
 EDMUND KNIGHT. 
 HENRY JONES. 
 
 COL. THOMAS FITCH, Boston, merchant ; Captain of 
 militia, 1700; Major of Boston regiment, 1712; Lieut. 
 Colonel and Colonel, 1717; when he resigned is not 
 known. Treasurer of the Ar. Co. also Lieutenant 
 1705; Captain 1708, 1720 and 1725; Representative 
 and Councillor. 
 
 He was long a very useful member of the Ar. Co
 
 A member of the Old South Church. His will, proved 
 June 30th, 1736, " bequeaths 300 to Harvard College, 
 for the education of scholars of good capacities for the 
 work of the ministry." His inventory amounted to 
 2040 15 3, which may not be valued in depreciated 
 currency. The expenses of his funeral were enormous, 
 being 162. He was buried in his tomb, No. 19, 
 Chapel ground, now the property of the Peirce family, 
 who descended from him in the female line. 
 
 COL. EDWARD WINSLOW, Boston, goldsmith, proba- 
 bly the son of Edward, of Boston, mariner. He was a 
 Captain of militia ; Major of Boston regiment, April, 
 1729; Colonel, 1733; Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1711 ; 
 Captain, 1714 and 1729. A member of the Old South 
 Church, and undoubtedly connected with the Winslows 
 of Plymouth Colony. Col. Winslow was born 1669, 
 and died 1753, aged 83. He was the first Sheriff of 
 Suffolk, of whom we have any knowledge. The office 
 of Sheriff was unknown in Massachusetts until 1692, 
 and was appointed by the King till the Revolution. 
 
 CAPT. JONATHAN POLLARD, Boston. Will, proved 
 August 9th, 1725, speaks of his house in Brattle street. 
 Inventory 2,000. 
 
 WIGGLESWORTH SwEETsm, Boston, tailor, in King 
 street. Administration, 1745. 
 
 WATERHOUSE FERNLY. 
 
 PETER WYER. 
 
 SILENCE ALLEN, Boston, cordwainer. 
 
 CAPT. PENN TOWNSEND, JR, Boston, son of Col. Penn, 
 Ar. Co. 1674. Captain in the militia. He graduated 
 at Harvard College, 1693. 
 
 EDWARD OAKES, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 LIEUT. BENJAMIN GUSHING.
 
 241 
 
 The Records mention a revision of the By-Laws, by 
 the Company, Boston, Sept. 2d, 1700. By them the 
 Company were governed many years, with trifling alter- 
 ations. Most of the orders made, 1 657, were preserved, 
 and those introduced as new, are as follows : 
 
 "Imprimis. That the successors of Robert Keayne, Nathaniel 
 Duncan, merchants ; Robert Sedgwick, gentleman ; and William 
 Spencer, merchant, and such as are by them admitted into the Ar- 
 tillery Company, are declared and allowed to be the present mem- 
 bers of said Company ; and such as from time to time they shall 
 admit, shall enjoy the privileges and grants that have been, or that 
 may be, given and allowed to them; and as they have been, so shall 
 continue to be called, the Military Company of the Massachusetts. 
 
 " 12th. That hereafter the training days shall be annually, the 
 election day, being the first Monday in June, the first Monday in 
 September, the afternoon of the first Monday in October, the after- 
 noon of the first Monday in April, and the whole day on the first 
 Monday in May. 
 
 " 13th. That the drummers beat in season, each training day, and 
 be at the place of parade, the whole days at eight of the clock in 
 the morning, and on the half days at one, on the penalty of two 
 shillings and six pence fine, to be paid to the Clerk, for the use of 
 the Company ; and the Sergeants to appear at the place of parade, 
 before nine of the clock on the whole days, and by two on the half 
 days, on the penalty of one shilling, to be paid as aforesaid ; and 
 every soldier that appears not at the place of parade, ready to be 
 drawn up by nine in the morning on the whole days, and by two on 
 the half days, shall pay six pence, unless his excuse be allowed by 
 the Company. 
 
 " 14th. That every soldier belonging to the Company, not under 
 obligations to any of the companies of militia in Boston, shall, for 
 every day he omits or neglects to appear in arms in said Company, 
 pay one shilling, fine ; and the officers of the other companies in 
 Boston, that do or may belong to this Company, shall be liable to 
 the like fine. 
 
 " 15th. It is further agreed, not only by former grants, but with 
 the consent of the several commanders of the militia of Boston, that 
 out of the several companies of the town of Boston, there may be 
 listed forty soldiers, and no more, belonging to said companies, 
 which shall be excused from any fine or penalty, on common train- 
 ings ; always provided, they appear on each of the Artillery training 
 
 31
 
 242 
 
 days, or for default to pay six shillings fine, for the use of the 
 Company. 
 
 " 16th. That every one that is admitted into the Company, at his 
 listing shall not pay less than one shilling entrance money to the 
 Clerk, towards bearing the charge of the Company. 
 
 " 17th. That if any of the forty persons that shall be accepted by 
 the Company, and are excused from common trainings, be chosen 
 into any place that excuses them from training in the other military 
 companies, they shall then, if they continue in the Artillery Com- 
 pany, be no longer under the penalty of six shillings for non-appear- 
 ance, but liable to the fine of one shilling, as others under the like 
 circumstances, and that others may be admit^d in their room to 
 make up the number of forty, as aforesaid. 
 
 " 18th. That upon reasonable request of any member of the 
 Company, they may have their dismission granted. 
 
 " 19th. That such as now, or hereafter shall be accounted mem- 
 bers of the said Company, shall subscribe to these articles ; the 
 further to oblige themselves, and especially with respect to their 
 subjecting themselves to the Clerk's power ex qfficio of distraining 
 for fines, that any shall neglect or refuse to pay." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1700, by Benjamin Wads- 
 worth, Boston Isaiah III. 2d. Printed. 
 
 1701. 
 
 GEORGE DRIVER. 
 CHRISTOPHER MYNGS. 
 THOMAS GODFREY. 
 
 THOMAS FOSTER, Boston, brazier, father of Thomas, 
 1718. 
 
 FRANCIS CLARKE. 
 ANTIPAS TOREY. 
 JOHN COOKSON, Boston, gunsmith. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL OLIVER, Boston and Chelsea ; 
 grandson of Capt. Peter, Ar. Co. 1643 ; Captain of 
 militia; Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1717. He died at 
 Chelsea, Jan. 1st, 1769, aged 87. He graduated at 
 Har. Col. 1701. A member of the Old South.
 
 243 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1701, by Ebenezer Pern- 
 berton, Boston Luke III. 2d. Printed. 
 
 1702. 
 
 COL. SIR CHARLES HOBBY, Boston ; son of William 
 Hobby, of Boston, merchant. He obtained the order 
 of knighthood for his fortitude at the time of the earth- 
 quake in Jamaica.* " He was a candidate to supplant 
 Gov. Joseph Dudley; and Gov. D.'s enemies prevailed 
 upon him to go to England and solicit for the govern- 
 ment. He was recommended to Sir H. Ashurst, the 
 friend and agent of the colony, who at first gave en- 
 couragement of success. Hobby was a gay man, a free 
 liver, and of very different behaviour from what one 
 would have expected should have recommended him to 
 the clergy of New England ; and yet such is the force 
 of party prejudice, that it prevails over religion itself, 
 and some of the most pious ministers strongly urged in 
 their letters, that he might be appointed their Governor 
 instead of Dudley." He had returned from England 
 without success, in 1710, and had command of one of 
 the Massachusetts regiments raised to take Port Royal. 
 He was senior officer, and the expedition resulted in 
 the surrender of the place. He was the third instance 
 of being chosen commander the year of admission, and 
 1713. At one time he owned and occupied a large 
 house in King street, consumed by the great fire in 
 1711. His mansion house was in Marlborough (Wash- 
 ington) street. His inventory, 1715, mentions six 
 slaves, valued at 300. His estate was represented 
 insolvent, May 5th, 1716. His lady survived him. A 
 fine portrait of Sir C. said to have been taken in Lon- 
 don by the celebrated Sir Peter Lely, is now (1833) in 
 the possession of a descendant of Mr. John Colman, 
 
 * Hutchinson intimates, " for the further consideration of jSOO."
 
 244 
 
 who married the sister of Sir C. in Cambridge, Mass. 
 Sir C. died in London, in 1714. 
 
 COL. EDWARD HUTCHINSON, Boston, merchant; born 
 in Boston ; was son of Col. Elisha, Ar. Co. 1670 ; Cap- 
 tain of militia ; Major of Boston Regiment ; Lieut. Col. 
 1717 ; Colonel in 1729, and resigned 1733. Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1711 ; Lieutenant 1713; Captain in 1717, 
 1724 and 1730. He was a very useful member to his 
 decease. Representative ; one of the five Trustees of 
 the first bills of credit, or paper money, issued by the 
 Provincial Government, 1714. His will was proved 
 April 24th, 1752. 
 
 HON. WILLIAM DUMMER, ESQ, Boston. Lieut. Gov- 
 ernor under Shute. During his troublesome adminis- 
 tration we hear little of him ; the salary was small, and 
 the office nominal. In 1720, the Court reduced the 
 annual grant from 50 to 35. " Mr. Dummer had so 
 much spirit, that he enclosed the vote in a letter to the 
 Speaker, acquainting him that, 'having the honor to 
 bear the King's commission for Lieutenant Governor of 
 the Province, and having been annually more than 50 
 out of pocket in that service, he did not think it for his 
 honor to accept of their grant.' ' In 1722, the admin- 
 istration devolved upon him, Gov. Shute having left the 
 province for England, and he acted as Commander-in- 
 Chief until the arrival of Gov. Burnet. " Having spent 
 some time in England, knowing what conduct would 
 be approved of there, and well acquainted with the 
 tempers of his countrymen, he very prudently aimed 
 rather at an easy administration, than at any thing great 
 and striking acting in the most common affairs by 
 advice of Council." In 1725, a favorable treaty with 
 the Eastern Indians, " his pacific measures and accom 
 modation or suspension of some of the controverted 
 points," and his favoring a Synod of the clergy, which,
 
 245 
 
 having been laid aside several years, had reduced their 
 influence, rendered him popular at home, but incurred 
 the displeasure of Shute, and of royalty. Gov. Burnet 
 arrived and assumed the duties of his office in 1728, but 
 dying, Sept. 7th, 1729, Dummer reassumed the admin- 
 istration, until superseded by Lieut. Gov. Tailor, shortly 
 before Gov. Belcher's arrival in 1730. He then re- 
 tired to private life. 
 
 He was Captain of the Ar. Co. 1719, while Lieut. 
 Governor. He never sustained any office in the militia. 
 In his will he gives two legacies to Harvard College, 
 viz : 66 136; also, 133 6 8. From his funeral ser- 
 mon, by Rev. Mather Byles, I presume he was a mem- 
 ber of Hollis street Church, from the Appendix of which 
 the following is extracted : 
 
 " Boston, Oct. 10th, 1761. Departed this life, aged 83,* the Hon. 
 William Dummer, Esq, and on the 16th his funeral was attended 
 with every mark of respect due to so eminent a person. Scarce any 
 one ever passed this life with a more unspotted character, or per- 
 formed its various duties with more universal esteem. In the gayest 
 scenes' of youth, he was preserved from the destructive paths of vice ; 
 and in maturer age, was a shining example of the most amiable vir- 
 tues. The wise, incorrupt, and successful administration of Mr. 
 Dummer, will always be remembered with honor, and considered as 
 a pattern worthy the imitation of all future Governors ; uninfluenced 
 by party prejudices, superior to all mercenary attachments, he dis- 
 covered no passion in his public character, but love to his country, 
 and fidelity to his royal master. He retired to enjoy private life, with 
 the approbation of a good conscience, and the applause of his coun- 
 try. In his domestic character, he appeared the affectionate hus- 
 band, the indulgent master, the benevolent friend. Inspired with a 
 profound veneration of the Supreme Being, firmly attached to the 
 religion of Jesus ; he received its doctrines with submission, attend- 
 ed its institutions with reverence, and practised its precepts with 
 uniformity. At his death, he left a great part of his estate to pious 
 
 *Gov. D. is said to have died aged 82 see Hist, of Harvard College, p. 198. 
 He bequeathed the income of 100 sterling to the two Hollis Professors in Har- 
 vard College, to he equally divided between them, and 50 sterling to be laid out 
 in books for the Library. Dummer Academy, at Newbury, was founded by him.
 
 246 
 
 and charitable uses. Having served his generation, by the will of 
 God, he fell asleep in a joyful expectation of a resurrection to eter- 
 nal life." 
 
 BENJAMIN SIMPSON, Boston ; member of the Old 
 South Church. 
 
 OLIVER WILLIAMS. 
 
 CAPT. TIMOTHY CLARKE, Boston ; Captain of militia. 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1706; Representative; in- 
 ventory 1725. 
 
 JOHN Mico, Boston, merchant. Inventory 1719 
 11230 17 0. 
 
 WILLIAM KEEN, Boston. 
 
 JOHN NICHOLS, Boston, merchant. Will dated Dec. 
 7th, 1710. 
 
 EDWARD LYDE, ESQ, Boston, merchant; Naval Offi- 
 cer of the port. His father-in-law, Gov. Belcher, was 
 ordered by the King to remove him from that office, 
 though he performed the duties to universal acceptance ; 
 but he was obliged to obey, or lose his own office: 
 
 THOMAS PALMER, Boston. 
 
 THOMAS NEWTON, Boston, lawyer ; Secretary of New 
 Hampshire. 
 
 His Majesty's Attorney General for Massachusetts Bay, 1704 ; 
 Deputy Judge, and Judge of the Admiralty ; Comptroller of the 
 Customs, and for many years one of the chief lawyers of Boston. 
 He was born in England, June 10th, 1660, being Whitsunday, and 
 died at Portsmouth, N. H., May 28th, 1721, (Whitsunday) aged 60. 
 He was educated in England, and beloved, both there and here ; 
 one who carried himself just and well in every station, being affable, 
 courteous, and circumspect, of strict devotion towards God, ex- 
 emplary for family government, as well as humanity to all. A lover 
 of all good men, and therefore the more lamented at his death. His 
 funeral was attended by the Governor, his Majesty's Council, with 
 other principal gentlemen.* 
 
 'Extracted from the Boston News Letter of June 5th, 1721.
 
 247 
 
 He lived in Queen (Court) street, and was an Epis- 
 copalian. He signed the remonstrance to the Queen, 
 respecting Dudley's arbitrary conduct as Governor. 
 
 ENSIGN SIMEON STOOD ARD, JR, Boston, shop-keeper; 
 son of Simeon, Ar. Co. 1675. Inventory, 1732, 1892 
 190. A member of the Old South. 
 
 LOVET SANDERS. 
 
 CALVIN GALPINE, Boston ; administration to his wife, 
 1729. 
 
 SETH DWIGHT, Boston. 
 JOHN SOAMES, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GEORGE, Boston, merchant. Will proved 
 Nov. 27th, 1714. I suppose him a founder of the first 
 Baptist Church in Boston, and who suffered persecu- 
 tion. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS SMITH, Boston, merchant, Esquire. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1713 ; Lieutenant 1715 ; Captain 
 1722. Administration to his widow and son, 1741 . In- 
 ventory, 5743 10 3 among which was 145 ounces of 
 silver plate. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. ADINO BULFINCH, Boston, sail-maker ; came 
 from England in 1680. His son graduated at Harvard 
 College, 1718. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1715. His will, 
 proved June 1 7th, 1 746, speaks of his being advanced 
 in years. Ancestor of Charles Bulfinch, Esq, long a 
 Selectman of Boston. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD MARTYN, Boston, merchant. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1710; Lieutenant 1712; Captain 1715. 
 He probably died young. A will appeared, dated May 
 1st, 1717, wherein he gives the improvement of all his 
 estate to his wife, to bring up his children. The first 
 account was 17601 18 1 ; debts, 10439 5 0. His
 
 248 
 
 tomb, No. 10, Copp's Hill, is now called "Martyn's 
 tomb." 
 
 ISAAC SPENCER. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1702, by Benjamin Col- 
 man, Boston Heb. XL 33d. Printed. 
 
 1703. 
 
 THOMAS LEVERETT, Boston ; probably son of Hudson^ 
 Ar. Co. 1656. 
 
 AMBROSE VINCENT, Boston. 
 
 WILLIAM CLARKE, Boston; member of O. S. Church. 
 
 THOMAS NEWTON, Boston; son of Thomas, 1702. 
 
 JOSEPH CALLENDER. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS BAKER, Boston. 
 
 WILLIAM IVORY. 
 
 JOSEPH BRISCOE, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN BAKER, Boston, brazier ; brother of 
 Thomas. A member of O. S. Church. 
 
 ISAAC QUEENOICAULT. * . 
 
 WILLIAM FRARY, Boston ; probably son of Theophi- 
 lus, Ar. Co. 1666. 
 
 WILLIAM HUTCHINSON, Boston; brother-in-law to T. 
 Palmer, Ar. Co. 1702. Representative 1721, but died 
 during the year, with the small-pox, by inoculation. 
 Hutchinson, the historian, to whom he was nearly re- 
 lated, says : " He was a gentleman of a very fair char- 
 acter, sensible, virtuous, discreet, and of an independent 
 fortune. He began his political life at a time when 
 persons, thus qualified, were wanted for the service of 
 their country, to moderate the passions of those who 
 were less temperate, and who had the lead in the House. 
 In general, he adhered to the popular party. Longer
 
 249 
 
 experience might have convinced him, that he would 
 have shown his gratitude to his constituents more by 
 endeavoring to convince them that they were running 
 to an extreme, than by encouraging the same extremi- 
 ties himself." In another place, Hutchinson says that 
 he caught the infection in the General Court.* He 
 graduated at Harvard College, 1702. 
 
 HENRY LLOYD, Boston. 
 
 HENRY BRIDGHAM, Boston, tanner. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1703, by Grindall Rawson, 
 Mendon Ephes. VI. Jlth. Printed. 
 
 If 04. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN LEVERETT, Cambridge ; son of Hudson, 
 Ar. Co. 1656; grandson of Gov. John, Ar. Co. 1639; 
 graduated at Harvard, 1680. He was one of the Col- 
 lege Corporation and tutors, and elected President 
 thereof, 1707, while Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. He 
 first studied theology, and preached occasionally several 
 years; but finally studied law, and practised in the 
 courts. He represented Cambridge, and was Speaker, 
 1700; also Judge of Probate; one of the Council; 
 Judge of the Superior Court, 1702, which office he 
 held when elected President. His grandfather seems 
 to have predicted his elevation as a scholar. Dignity 
 and integrity were his official traits, and popular ap- 
 plause his reward. His public employments abroad 
 were, Commissioner to Port Royal 1707, and 1704 on 
 an Indian negotiation. His death was sudden, May 
 3d, 1724, dying, as is supposed, sleeping, without a 
 struggle. 
 
 "His qualifications" for the Presidency "were not only eminent 
 in degree, but singularly various. He had a great and generous 
 
 * Hutchinson, pp. 245 and '6. 
 32
 
 250 
 
 soul. His natural abilities were of a very high order. His attain- 
 ments were profound and extensive. He was well acquainted with 
 the learned languages, with the arts and sciences, with history, phi- 
 losophy, law, divinity, politics ; and such was his reputation for 
 knowledge of men and things, that, in almost every doubtful and 
 difficult case, he was resorted to for information arid advice. 
 
 " To his wisdom and knowledge, he added great firmness, resolu- 
 tion, and energy of character. His great abilities being consecrated 
 to the service of God and of his generation, he was never deterred 
 by difficulties or dangers from any undertaking, which Providence 
 seemed to impose upon him. He was liberal and catholic in his 
 sentiments and feelings ; and though, among the various institutions 
 of the Commonwealth, he had the preservation of its religious estab- 
 lishments greatly at heart, he did not place religion so much in par- 
 ticular forms and modes of worship, or discipline, as in those sub- 
 stantial and weighty matters of the fospel, righteousness, faith, and 
 charity." 
 
 iO I. .T'J.lii.1 
 
 " For forty years," says Dr. Colman, " he has shown 
 in this place and in the eyes of this Society, in near a 
 meridian lustre. The young saw him and hid themselves, 
 and the aged arose and stood up. Then men gave ear to 
 him, and waited and kept silence at his counsel." Flynt's 
 Funeral Oration ascribes to him Aristotle's words to 
 Plato '-'Hicjacet homo, quern non licet, non decet, im- 
 piis vel ignorantibus laudare." His literary merits pro- 
 cured him honors from abroad, particularly a member- 
 ship in the Royal Society of London. 
 
 JONATHAN LORING, Boston, member of Old South 
 Church. 
 
 THOMAS SALTER, Boston, trader. Inventory, 1714, 
 12187 9 10. A member of the Old South. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN SALE, Boston, innholder. Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co, 1719. 
 
 In the News Letter, " June 12 to 19, 1704," is the fol- 
 lowing : " Capt. Thomas Hutchinson, Captain ; Capt. 
 Adam Winthrop, Lieutenant; and Mr. John Noyes,
 
 251 
 
 Ensign; officers of the Honorable Artillery Company, 
 have caused the printing of the Election Sermon." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1704, by Henry Gibbs, 
 Watertown Psalms XLIV. 6th. Printed. 
 
 1705. 
 
 None admitted members this year. 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1705, by Thomas Bridge, 
 Boston Daniel XI. 32d. Printed. 
 
 1706. 
 SAMUEL GREY. 
 
 WILLIAM TILLEY, Boston ; member of O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL EPES, Salem, son of Daniel, of Ips- 
 wich; born March 24th, 1649. Graduated at Harvard 
 College in 1669, and died while Councillor, Nov. 23d, 
 1722, aged 73. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN SMITH, Boston, merchant. Administra- 
 tion 1706. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1706, by Roland Cotton, 
 Sandwich Math. XI. 12th. 
 
 1707. 
 
 LIEUT. RICHARD BILL, Boston, merchant. His wife 
 was the daughter of Maj. Davis, Ar. Co. 1673. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1716; Lieutenant, 1720. There is an 
 inventory, 1757, of the Hon. Richard Bill, Esq. 
 
 ENSIGN BENJAMIN ELIOT, Boston, bookseller. Will 
 proved Dec. 8th, 1741. I suppose him grandson of the 
 Indian Apostle. 
 
 JOSEPH HUBBARD. 
 
 BENJAMIN PEMBERTON, Boston, member of the O. S. 
 Church.
 
 252 
 
 CAPT. EZEKIEL LEWIS, Boston; Representative nine 
 years; graduated at Harvard College, 1695. Member 
 of the Old South. 
 
 WILLIAM WHITCOMB. 
 LIEUT. RICHARD HALL. 
 
 EDWARD BROMFIELD, ESQ, Boston, merchant. Will 
 proved 1734. Representative. Member of the Old 
 South. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1707, by Cotton Mather, 
 Boston Heb. XII. 4th. 
 
 1708, 
 JAMES DAVIE, ESQ, Boston, merchant. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM LOWDER, Boston, merchant, living in 
 1726. In the administration to his son, 1736, he is 
 styled innholder. Lieut, of Ar. Co. 1723. 
 
 AMES ANGIER, Boston, son of Rev. Samuel, of Reho- 
 both and Waltham ; born at Rehoboth, June 29th, 1681 ; 
 graduated at Harv. College, 1701 ; brother of Rev. 
 John, of E. Bridge water. He was the first master of 
 the school at the corner of West and Common streets, 
 established about 1717. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1708, by Samuel Danforth, 
 Taunton Heb. XII. 4th. Printed. 
 
 1709. 
 
 COL. FRANCIS WAINWRIGHT, Ipswich, merchant ; 
 graduated at Harv. College, 1686 ; a magistrate, and 
 Colonel of militia ; died Aug. 3d, 1711. He was second 
 in command in the unsuccessful expedition against Port 
 Royal. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH HILLER, JR, Boston ; graduated at 
 Harv. College, 1705. Administration, 1753; buried in
 
 255 
 
 the Chapel ground. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1718; Lieu- 
 tenant, 1719. 
 
 SAMUEL GERRISH, Boston, auctioneer. Administra- 
 tion to his son, 1741. Successor of Capt. Ballentine, 
 as Register of Deeds in Suffolk, 1735. Member of the 
 Old South. 
 
 JOHN ELLIS. 
 
 BRATTLE OLIVER, Boston, merchant, living in 1731. 
 A member of the Old South. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN HUNT, Boston, trader. Member of O. S. 
 Church. 
 
 CAPT. JAMES SMITH, JR, Boston, merchant, Esq ; died 
 August 5th, 1 769, aged 82 ; grave-stone in the Chapel 
 ground; member of the Old South. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1709, by Ebenezer Pem- 
 berton, Boston. 
 
 1710. 
 
 ARIEL WALLER, ESQ, Boston, merchant; probably 
 son of Gen. John, Ar. Co. 1671. Will proved August 
 3 1 st, 1 759. Member of the Old South. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM TIDCOMB. He was at the siege of 
 Louisburg, in 1745. Hutchinson says, " Maj. Tidcomb's 
 readiness to engage in the most hazardous part of the 
 service was acknowledged and applauded. He survived 
 the siege, was Colonel of a regiment when Gen. John- 
 son was attacked by Dieskau, and then lost his life in 
 the service of his country." "He was killed," says 
 Farmer, "in the French war, 1755." 
 
 ROBERT CALFE, JR,* Boston, merchant ; after, of Rox- 
 bury. Author of " More Wonders of the Invisible 
 
 * Farmer doubts whether Jun'r is properly added. I find it so on the old roll. 
 The surname is now Calef.
 
 254 
 
 World," printed in London, 1700. He dare not print 
 or publish the book then in New England. " The 
 friends of common sense and humanity, at this time, 
 found a powerful advocate in Mr. Robert Calfe, a mer- 
 chant of Boston. He, like Reginald Scot, breasted 
 the current of popular opinion, and incurred the resent- 
 ment of the Mathers. His book, a perusal of which is 
 ^so refreshing, was burnt in the yard of Harvard College, 
 by the hands of the President of that institution. Calef 
 published his (book) work in England, in 1700, and it 
 has lately been republished in Salem.* Josiah Caleb, 
 Ar. Co. 1806, is a descendant. He died at Roxbury, 
 April 13th, 1719. Inventory March 14th, 1721. 
 
 GEORGE ROBINSON, Boston, carver. Died Aug. 1737. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1710, by Increase Mather, 
 Boston Joshua I. 7th. Printed. 
 
 1711. 
 
 JOHN EUSTACE, Boston, housewright. His will was 
 proved April 10th, 1722; his son, John, executor. 
 
 NATHANIEL WHEELER. 
 
 SAMUEL HAUGH, Boston. Farmer says he was grand- 
 son of Rev. Samuel, of Reading. 
 
 ENSIGN BENJAMIN BRIDGE, Boston, tailor ; Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1728; died about June, 1739. 
 
 EPHRAIM FENNO, Boston. A member of O. S. Church. 
 
 JOHN GIBBONS, Boston, apothecary; graduated at 
 Harv. College, 1706; son of William, Ar. Co. 1691. 
 One of the founders of Trinity Church, 1734. 
 
 *See Boston Monthly Magazine, S. L. Knapp, Esq, Editor, under " Witchcraft." 
 What would the Mathers have thought, if they could have looked forward one 
 century, to witness the repnblicalion of their " devilish book," in the very village 
 where the murders they had caused were committed, under the cloak of law and 
 religion ? And yet it was a peace-offering to the remains of those martyrs, and 
 excited no other sentiment than derision at the enormous folly of priestcraft.
 
 255 
 
 ENSIGN NATHANIEL.SGOODWIN, Boston ; Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1724. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 JONATHAN WILLIAMS, Boston, merchant; living in 
 1726. 
 
 THOMAS PHILLIPS, Boston, innholder. Will, 1726. 
 
 EBENEZER LOWELL, Boston, cordwainer. He died in 
 1711, aged 36. He was the father of Rev. John, of New- 
 bury, and grandfather of Hon. Judge John, of Boston. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL GREEN, Boston, printer; his father 
 was printer of Harv. College, for fifty years ; born March 
 6th, 1648 ; died July, 1690. A member of Old South 
 Church. 
 
 EZEKIEL WALKER, Boston. Member of O. S. Church. 
 
 BARRAT DYER, Boston, cooper. He presented a clock 
 to new brick church.* His will was proved Dec. 21st, 
 1753, but his estate was insolvent. 
 
 WILLIAM PARKMAN, Boston, mast-maker. Adminis- 
 tration to his son, 1730. Inventory, 1323 5 8. 
 
 RICHARD HONEYWELL, Boston, master mariner; 
 (Hunnewell;) died Nov. 27th, 1742, aged 61; grave- 
 stone on Copp's Hill. He was the son of Ambrose, Ar. 
 Co. 1695. 
 
 ENSIGN JAMES TILESTON, Boston, housewright ; a 
 founder of the second Church, Boston. Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1723. He died prior to February, 1740. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GOLDTHWAIT, Boston; Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1730. 
 
 JAMES VARNEY, Boston, bricklayer. 
 
 COL. ESTES HATCH, Dorchester. Inventory 1760. 
 He married a daughter of Rev. Mr. Rolfe, of Haverhill, 
 whose life, then six or eight years old, was saved by his 
 
 * See Ware's Historical Discourses.
 
 256 
 
 maid servant, who, when the Indians attacked that 
 town, 1708, jumped out of bed and hid his two daugh- 
 ters under two large tubs, in the cellar.* 
 
 JEREMIAH BELKNAP, Boston ; member of the Old 
 South Church. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1711, by Nehemiah Wal- 
 ter, Roxbury Acts V. 39th. 
 
 1712. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM TAILOR,! Dorchester. He resided in 
 Boston, and had a country seat in Dorchester. He com- 
 manded one of the regiments raised to take Port Royal. 
 In the fall of 1 71 1, Col. Tailor arrived with her Majesty's 
 commission as Lieut. Governor of Massachusetts. The 
 next year he joined the Ar. Co. and was made Captain. 
 He was in England in 1721 ; and was sent, with Spen- 
 cer Phipps, as Commissioner to treat with the " Six 
 Nations," Indians, at Albany, and " empowered to 
 promise a bounty for every scalp, if they would go out 
 against the enemy, (French,) but they met with little 
 success."! 
 
 He died while Lieut. Governor, at Dorchester, March 
 8th, 1732, aged 56. He was Deacon of the first Church 
 in Boston, and member of the Old South Church. The 
 inventory of his estate was real, 8282 ; personal, 
 1084 19 3, of which there was 177 ounces of silver 
 plate. The following is an obituary notice of him :|| 
 
 " The corpse of the Hon. William Tailor, Esq, Lieut. Governor of 
 
 * Col. Hatch died before her, and she married Rev. Mr. Checkley, Sen'r, of 
 Boston. 
 
 t Tailor, his own hand-writing to the Company book. 
 
 t He favored the private Bank party, and Hutcliinson says he was " a gentleman 
 of no great fortune, and whose stipend from the government was trifling." A pro- 
 ject of the kind had been started in London, 1684; "but this is not generally 
 known in America, a gentleman of Boston is the reputed father of it." 
 
 II New England Journal, Boston, March 13th, 1732, No. 260.
 
 257 
 
 this Province, was interred at Dorchester, with great honor and re- 
 spect. The bells of this town (Boston) were tolled from eleven 
 o'clock to five. The cannon of his Majesty's Castle William, of 
 which he was the Leloved Captain, were discharged at their funeral 
 distance, the flag being half raised. The pall was supported by liis 
 Excellency Gov. Belcher, the Hon. William Dummer, Addington 
 Davenport, Thomas Hutchinson, Elisha Cooke, and Adam Win- 
 throp, Esq's. The funeral was attended by a great number of gentry 
 in their coaches, &c." 
 
 ,n i ,~rr -'.( I nrh id ; n rb:'~itlti'ff . 1 *'\1 " 
 
 SAMUEL OAKES, Boston, saddler ; -administration 1733. 
 SAMUEL DURHAM. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GREENOUGH, Boston, shipwright. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1717; Lieutenant 1718 ; Captain 
 1726. His will was proved Nov. 14th, 1732. He had 
 sons in the Ar. Co. 1740 and 1744, and two daughters. 
 
 ' O 
 
 LIEUT. COLONEL DANIEL GOFFE, Boston, merchant. 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1734. Administration 1742. 
 An officer of militia, and, I suspect, a field officer of 
 Boston Regiment. In 1740, he manifested his good 
 will to Harvard College by bequeathing to it 200 ; but 
 his estate proving insolvent, this legacy was not paid. 
 
 JOSEPH ESSEX, Boston, jack-maker. Administration 
 on his estate, 1719. His trade, like that of a pewterer, 
 and some others, is extinct. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. DANIEL HENCHMAN, Boston, bookseller ; 
 grandson of the valiant Capt. Henchman, in King 
 Philip's war, Ar. Co. 1675, and son of Hezekiah, 1692. 
 He was long distinguished as an extensive bookseller in 
 Cornhill. To the Old South Church he gave, in his 
 will, 66 134. An officer of militia ; Major of Boston 
 Regiment 1742; afterwards its Lieut. Colonel. Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1733, and Captain on its first 
 centennial anniversary, 1738, and in 1746. While 
 Commander, he ordered the Company records to be 
 transcribed, and most of Barnes's transcript of 1780, 
 
 33
 
 258 
 
 especially the roll and list of officers, are preserved, and 
 in some instances, corrected and brought down to that 
 period. He continued all his life much attached to the 
 Company. He lived to enjoy, in its youthful vigor, the 
 shade of the great elm tree on the Common, which his 
 grandfather planted. The following is an obituary of 
 him: * 
 
 " Last Wednesday night, died here, Daniel Henchman, Esq, one 
 of his Majesty's Justices of the Peace for Suffolk, and many years 
 Deacon of the (Old) South Church in this town, Overseer of the 
 Poor, &c. He was esteemed one of the most noted and eminent 
 booksellers and stationers on this continent. We hear his remains 
 are to be interred this afternoon." " First Monday in March, 1761," 
 says the Regimental book, then kept by Col. Dawes, " he was buried, 
 not being in commission, yet the Officers of the Regiment all walked 
 in procession before the corpse." 
 
 His will gives all his estate, after his wife's decease, 
 to his son-in-law, Thomas Hancock, Esq, and wife. In 
 1742, he presented Harvard College with 100 ounces 
 of silver, and again, in 1747, 250, old tenor. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1712, by Peter Thacher, 
 Weymouth .1st Sam, XVIII. 14th. 
 
 1713. 
 
 JAMES ALFORD, Boston ; son of Capt. Benjamin, 1671. 
 
 CAPT. FRANCIS PARNELL, Boston, merchant ; Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1720 ; Lieutenant 1721. He died sud- 
 denly, at Boston, October, 1 724. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1713, by Sampson Stod- 
 dard, Chelmsford 1st Sam. II. 30th. 
 
 1714. 
 
 COL. JOHN ALFORD, Charlestown ; son of Capt. Ben- 
 jamin, 1671. He was of his Majesty's Council, and 
 
 * Boston Gazette and Country Journal, March 2d, 1761.
 
 259 
 
 laid the foundation of the Alford Professorship in Har. 
 Col. He died at Charlestown, September, 1761, aged 
 76. He was " a gentleman of considerable estate, and 
 highly respected in his public and private character." 
 
 CAPT. JOHN WHEELWRIGHT, Boston, merchant. Rep- 
 resentative ; Naval Officer, 1737, at Boston. In 1721, 
 one of his Majesty's Council. 
 
 LIEUT. NATHANIEL BALSTON, Boston. Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1726; Lieutenant 1728. 
 
 GILLAM PHILLIPS, ESQ, Boston ; son of Samuel, Ar. 
 Co. 1693. Died Oct. 17th, 1770, aged 75. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN GERRISH, Charlestown. Died 1750, 
 tiged 64 ; grave-stone in Charlestown. 
 
 JONATHAN BARNARD. 
 
 ENSIGN SAMUEL HOLYOKE, Boston. Clerk of the Ar. 
 Co. and Ensign, 1729. Senior writing-master of the 
 town school in Queen (Court) street. Died March 
 16th, 1768. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN DARRELL, Boston. Ensign of the Ar. 
 Co. 1737. His will was proved Dec. 3d, 1746. Dea- 
 con of West Church. 
 
 JOHN HOLYOKE, Boston ; brother of Samuel. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD PELL, Boston, painter. He drew the 
 plan of the "New Brick," late Dr. Lathrop's, meeting- 
 house, in Middle street, " said to be the handsomest in 
 the province." One of the founders of that church. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1722 ; Lieutenant 1726. His 
 will, 1735, was proved March 22d, 1736. Inventory, 
 real estate, 1 130 2 4J ; personal, 3567 7 9J. 
 
 * 
 
 BENJAMIN HILLER. 
 
 THOMAS CHAMBERLAIN, Boston. 
 
 JOHN ELIOT.
 
 260 
 
 CAPT. JAMES GOOCH, JR, Boston, merchant. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1733. Will dated 1732, proved June 
 5th, 1738. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1714, by Joseph Sewatt y 
 Boston Rev. XIX. 14th. 
 
 1715, 
 
 JAMES WRIGHT. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1715, by Joseph Stevens, 
 Charlestown Isaiah II. 4th. 
 
 1716. 
 
 EBENEZER THORNTON, Boston, ^ 
 
 SAMUEL TOWN SEND, Boston, 
 THOMAS JACKSON. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM DOWNE, Boston, shop-keeper. He 
 often appears as executor, guardian, &c. ; but his ap- 
 pointment to such trusts is plenary evidence of his in- 
 tegrity and ability. Judging from his inventory, he was 
 either a saddler or upholsterer. His mansion house was 
 at the North End ; for partition of that estate was made 
 between two of his grand-children, Abigail and Rebecca 
 Cheever, in 1766. He joined the Ar. Co. a private cit- 
 izen, and after several years, his military talents became 
 known, and he was elected an officer of militia in Bos- 
 ton. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1725; Lieutenant 1727, 
 and after that is styled Lieut. Downe. Oct. 20th, 1727, 
 he was chosen one of the Committee to go to Dunsta- 
 ble, now Nashua, and survey the Company farm ; he 
 took a plan, and was gone eleven days. 
 
 So late as 1725, the Indians infested Dunstable, and 
 probably it was not safe to venture on an exploring ex- 
 pedition thus far in the interior before that period. It 
 took Downe and the Committee three days at least to
 
 261 
 
 go and three to return. Several Committees had been 
 chosen to effect the object before, but none had ven- 
 tured to accomplish it. How greatly has the state of 
 things changed in the lapse of a century ! Then, it was 
 but a forest, the rivers well stocked with fish, and the 
 haunt of savages, who were loth to quit privileges so 
 valuable to them, now, changed to the busy hum of a 
 large village the site of valuable factories. The fish 
 have been driven from their native element, and the In- 
 dians are unknown. What would Downe have thought, 
 had any one suggested that, a century hence, one might 
 start from Boston in the morning, dine on the rich pro- 
 fusion of a thronged hotel, survey a farm of 1000 acres, 
 and sleep at home in peace, at Boston ? The story to 
 him would be enchantment. 
 
 By charter, the Company were to have 1000 acres of 
 land, and on the 8th of the 8th month, 1641, " a Com- 
 mittee of the General Court was appointed to accom- 
 pany Mr. Oliver,* to see the Artillery land laid out, and 
 make return to the next Court ;" but nothing more ap- 
 pears, until May 6th, 1657, about the time they adopted 
 their first Rules. The Records of the Colony, page 
 259, say : 
 
 " In answer to the petition! of the Artillery Company of Boston, 
 500 acres, part of the 1000 acres formerly granted them, and laid 
 out by John Sherman, near unto Concord river, where it comes near 
 Shawsheen river, being four hundred rods in length, and two hundred 
 in breadth, (describing the lines,) is allowed and confirmed to them; 
 and it is further ordered, that the other 500 acres be laid out next 
 the 500 acres already laid out, at the head line between Concord 
 and Cambridge, if free from other grants." The following is what 
 is referred to in the preceding extract : " At a General Court held at 
 Boston, 10th 3d mo, 1643 Shawshin is granted to Cambridge with- 
 out any condition of making a village there. And the land between 
 them and Concord is granted to them, all, save what was formerly 
 
 * This was Col. John Oliver, a charter member. 
 
 t This petition is not preserved, and the Company record of it is lost.
 
 262 
 
 granted to the Artillery Company, or others, provided the Church 
 and present Elders continue at Cambridge."* 
 
 The next we find upon the subject, is in Liber 3, page 730, Colony 
 Records, October 15th, 1673, at a second session of the General 
 Court, held at Boston, as follows : " Artillery of Boston, their farm 
 laid out Sept. llth, 1673, 1000 acres of upland and meadow, and is 
 from a red oak tree marked A, by a gully side on the bank of Meri- 
 mac river, on a straight line west by south, one mile and three quar- 
 ters, by marked trees, unto a pine at B, by a meadow called Spec- 
 tacle Meadow, from B to C, and about the meadow to D, taking in 
 those first patches of meadow, which meadow is estimated at thirty 
 acres ; from D to E by the brook, called Spectacle Brook, which 
 brook, running into Nashaway river, from E to F, by Nashaway, or 
 Watananock river, in Merimac river. The Court therefore approve 
 of this return ; and do further grant the Artillery Company, as an 
 addition, the quantity of 500 acres more. The grant being made 
 about thirty years since. Provided that the 500 acres be laid out in 
 some convenient place next adjoining the plantation now granted 
 them." 
 
 Whether the foregoing may be considered as two distinct and sep- 
 arate grants of 1000 acres, or whether the latter was a grant made 
 by the Court to make good a failure in the title to the former, as 
 having been granted or located to other persons, is rendered doubt- 
 ful by the imperfect records of the times. It does not appear the 
 Company received any benefit from the grant, or in any way im- 
 proved the 1000 acres last mentioned, until March 8th, 1715-16, 
 when, under the command of Capt. Edward Martyn, they " voted to 
 lease the 1000 acres in Dunstable for eleven years ; on condition 
 that a house and barn should be built thereon, an orchard of 120 
 apple trees planted, and the lessee to deliver the Company one bar- 
 rel of good cider, yearly, &,c." 
 
 Immediately after the expiration of this lease, Col. Downe and the 
 Committee were sent to survey the premises. This farm is situated 
 at the confluence of the Nashaway and Merrimac, and in June, 1830, 
 was visited by me in company with an aged and respectable inhab- 
 itant,t who was a surveyor. None of the marked trees, or their 
 stumps, were to be found. A remnant of the old orchard (apple 
 trees) was found. Some doubt existed as to " the red oak tree at a 
 gully side," there being two, a smaller and larger, and two gully 
 
 * This notice of the grant escaped my notice, if it was there, when examining 
 the Colony Records, and first attracted my attention in Farmer's History of Bil- 
 lerica, page 25. 
 
 t Mr. Lund.
 
 263 
 
 sides. The larger tree appeared the most probable, as the division 
 fence commenced a rod or two beyond it and the larger gully, and 
 continued in a straight line over to Spectacle Meadow, and my com- 
 panion informed me that dividing fence had not varied within forty 
 years. If this latter line or bound be correct, the tract contained at 
 least 1200 acres. Our ancestors gave large measurement. On ar- 
 riving at Spectacle Meadow, we found it to resemble the plan, and 
 about the quantity, but the land in the vicinity almost a pine barren, 
 with here and there a few houses. On arriving at the bridge cross- 
 ing the brook which leads from the lower Spectacle Meadow, we ob- 
 served a humble dwelling, and a man chopping wood at the door, 
 who approached us, and seeing we had books and papers, and hear- 
 ing our conversation, became alarmed, as if we had come to look up 
 the title and take his land. It was some time before we could pacify 
 him. On our describing the brook as Spectacle Brook, he immedi- 
 ately commenced cutting off the outside bark of a young oak tree 
 standing near the road and brook, about six feet from the ground, 
 and then repaired to the house and obtained his dame's old spectacle 
 bows, without glasses, and nailed them over the spot where he had 
 shaved the bark, saying, the brook is now fairly christened. The 
 appearance of the spectacles was extremely ludicrous. He had just 
 finished when his wife came out, yelping like a dog, and a fine fam- 
 ily tete-a-tete took place. 
 
 This tract of land is still known, and called "the Artillery Farm," 
 though much subdivided. A large factory, called the Jackson Cot- 
 ton Factory, stands on a part of it. There is also near the spot a 
 neat Unitarian Church and a thriving village. 
 
 But to return to Col. Downe. In 1732 and 1744, 
 Captain of the Ar. Co. He was a Captain of militia ; 
 Lieutenant Colonel of Boston regiment ; and Colonel, 
 1744, which office he held in 1746. He had no con- 
 cern in the Rutland lands, but took a strong interest in 
 the company finances, and served on committees to 
 make a better investment and appropriation of them. 
 His improvement of the finances was according to 
 Keayne's design, and laid the second stone in the foun- 
 dation of their present prosperity. Treasurer of the Ar. 
 Co. May 1st, 1738, and probably till his death. *Capt. 
 Ballentine and Joseph Hiller were his bondsmen as 
 Treasurer.
 
 264 
 
 He died at Boston, June 3d, 1753, aged 67. His 
 widow, Sarah,* administered on his estate. His son, 
 William Downe, Esq,f died 1747-8, January. He had 
 been many years one of the Selectmen, and in other 
 town offices was a faithful servant, but he never had 
 any office in the provincial government. Probably he 
 was not ambitious, except to be useful, and it is but a 
 just tribute to his memory to say he was a distinguished 
 and good man in his sphere. A few years since, his 
 grave-stone, with those of his wife and children side by 
 side, in good order, struck the visiter with pleasant, yet 
 solemn veneration. They were situated a little to the 
 north-west of the car-house, but the ruthless hand of 
 improvement has demolished them. 
 
 His first inventory amounted to 1717 15 0, in 
 which is included his mansion house and land and ware- 
 house, at the north end, 733 6 8; 186 oz. 16 pwts. 
 wrought silver, and pair of silver shoe and knee buckles, 
 62 12 9| ; horse, chaise, saddle and bridle, 17 ; and 
 a negro boy, 40. His second inventory, 389 14 8, 
 in which his farm at Lunenburg, where his oldest son 
 lived, is valued at 233 6 8 ; eighty acres of land in L. 
 at 56; wood lot in L. 48 acres, 53 68. His gold 
 rings (probably presents, as a pall bearer) and gold but- 
 tons, are valued at 9 14 8. He died, therefore, worth 
 about $10.000, a goodly fortune in those days; but his 
 real estate has passed to other hands, his personal has 
 evaporated, and his family become obscure, or extinct. 
 
 WILLIAM PELL, Boston, peruke maker; brother of 
 Edward, Ar. Co. 1714. 
 
 JAMES HALSEY, Boston, mathematical instrument 
 
 * I presume this to be his second wife since it appears he married Hannah, a 
 daughte^of Samuel Appleton, of Ipswich, who was a Major in King Philip's war. 
 See Farmer's Appendix to Register. 
 
 t There was a grave-stone, near Col. D's, of William Downe, Esq, aged 40, 
 who died May 6th, 1759.
 
 265 
 
 maker ; a founder of the New Brick Church ; Deacon, 
 1735, and their ruling Elder the last person chosen in 
 that church. I suppose the office had become nominal, 
 or that he was too bashful to be perched up in so con- 
 spicuous a seat for the sole purpose of watching, lest 
 the boys and girls should wink at each other. It seems, 
 however, the Church " voted," August 22d, 1 739, unan- 
 imously, to " desire Mr. James Halsey to take his proper 
 place, in the Elder's seat." His will was proved Jan- 
 uary 2d, 1767. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1716, by Joseph Baxter, 
 Medfield Rom. VIII. 37th. 
 
 1717. 
 
 BENJAMIN GRAY, Lynn. 
 
 GRAFTON FEVERYEAR, Boston, barber. Will dated 
 1751 ; proved April llth, 1755. 
 
 JAMES HILL, Boston, peruke maker. Will dated April 
 llth, proved May 29th, 1746. 
 
 COL. EPHRAIM HUNT, Rehoboth ; Representative. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH HUBBARD, Boston ; died suddenly, 
 April, 1768. 
 
 JOHN GIBBONS, Boston, merchant. Administration, 
 October, 1725. Inventory, 449 16 1. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL BARRAT, Boston. Lieutenant of the 
 Ar. Co. 1722. 
 
 CAPT. EBENEZER BRIDGE, Boston, blacksmith ; Cap- 
 tain of militia; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1731 ; Lieuten- 
 ant, 1738. Inventory, 1747. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1717, by Thomas Blowers, 
 Beverly 1st Samuel XVI. 18th.
 
 266 
 
 * 
 
 1718. 
 
 SAMPSON DEWER. 
 JONATHAN SEWALL, Boston; son of Maj. Samuel, 1679. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GERRISH, JR, Boston, merchant; son of 
 Capt. John, 1700. Administration, 1737. A member 
 of the Old South. 
 
 JOHN EYRE, graduated at Harv. College, 1718. Re- 
 sided in Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL SEWALL Boston, bookseller ; eldest son 
 of Maj. Samuel, Ar. Co. 1679 ; married Rebecca, daugh- 
 ter of Gov. Dudley; settled in Brookline. He was 
 born in Boston, June 1 1th, 1678. Author of " Sewall's 
 Journal" a manuscript began in 1698, and continued 
 with minute particularity for many years, in fair chirog- 
 raphy. 
 
 " There is scarcely an ordinary transaction, but what is minuted 
 with particular care, even the number and age of his domestic ani- 
 mals, together with those of >his relations, and the manner of their 
 ultimate disposal. The author appears to have been a man of great 
 observation, education, and purity of style.* The orthography, with 
 few limitations, corresponds with the English language of the present 
 day. Beside his customary habit of writing the occurrences of the 
 day, he carried on an extensive correspondence with several distin- 
 guished merchants, as well as literary men, in London. These let- 
 ters were all transcribed with his own hand, and afford a perfect key 
 to the manner of transacting business at a very remote period. 
 They show that he possessed a large property, both in America and 
 England." 
 
 An officer of the militia ; Major of Boston regiment, 
 1 733, but probably did not hold that office long. In 
 1734 he was elected Captain of the Ar. Co. He died 
 at Brookline, Feb. 27th, 1751, aged 72. He made a 
 list of the preachers, &c. at the Elections, and says, 
 
 * Extracted from the Boston News Letter, January, 1826.
 
 267 
 
 " a memorandum taken out of my grandfather Hull's 
 character book, of several that did preach the Artil- 
 lery and Election Sermons." He was a member of the 
 Old South Church, and. elected a Deacon, Sept. 16th, 
 1663. He carefully preserved his grandfather Hull's 
 and father's papers. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL CUNNINGHAM, Boston, merchant ; 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1727; Lieutenant, 1730; Cap- 
 tain, 1731. He lived in Cross street, owned land there, 
 and a large real estate in Boston, among which was a 
 pasture, at Barton's Point. His will was proved Janu- 
 ary 21st, 1748. His nephew, James, Ar. Co. 1761. 
 An administration account was settled July 17th, 1761, 
 stated in old tenor currency as 3705, and also in law- 
 ful money as 494, by which we may accurately esti- 
 mate the value of the depreciated currency. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL RAND, Boston, physician ; Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1731 ; officer in the militia. I suppose 
 him an ancestor of the late Dr. Isaac Rand, of Boston. 
 His will was dated January 9th, proved Feb. 21st, 1748. 
 His grave-stone was recently standing in the Granary 
 ground. A member of the Old South Church. 
 
 WILLIAM LEE, Boston, shipwright, a founder and 
 Deacon of the New Brick. He was " a noted ship 
 builder;" lived at the north end; died March, 1769, 
 aged 90. 
 
 LIEUT. ERASMUS STEPENS, Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 
 1739. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL PECKER, Boston, tallow chandler; Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1729; an officer in the militia. 
 His will was dated June 7th, proved Oct. 16th, 1750. 
 He was Chairman of the Assessors, 1770. There was 
 another Daniel Pecker, a tallow chandler, whose will 
 was proved March 6th, 1776-7. Grave-stone in the
 
 268 
 
 Granary, says died March 4th, 1777, aged 60. One of 
 these persons was a founder of the New Brick Church, 
 and the last may have been the member of the Ar. Co. 
 
 SAMUEL BASS, Boston, tanner. Will proved 1766. 
 Member of the Old South Church. 
 
 CAPT. ANDREW CUNNINGHAM, JR, Boston, merchant; 
 brother of Capt. Nathaniel, father of Maj. James C. 
 Ar. Co. 1761, and grandfather of Maj. Andrew, Ar. Co. 
 1786. This name was often pronounced Kinnicum. 
 Inventory 1752. There was an Andrew C. merchant, 
 upon whose estate administration was granted March 
 18th, 1774. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN BUTTOLPH, Boston, wine cooper ; son of 
 Nicholas, Ar. Co. 1694; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1732. 
 Administration 1739, Inventory 1746, and a will found 
 1750. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GOLDTHWAIT, Boston ; probably son of 
 Capt. John, 1711 ; alive in 1737. 
 
 CAPT. JAMES PECKER, Boston, physician. In his will, 
 styled wharfinger. Founder of the New Brick Church. 
 He died at Boston, April 30th, 1734, after a lingering 
 illness, very much lamented. Inventory, real and per- 
 sonal, 2873 10 3. Grave-stone in the Chapel ground. 
 Member of the Old South Church. 
 
 LIEUT. JAMES FOSDICK, Boston, paver ; Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1740. His will 1773, speaks of advanced 
 age ; proved 1776. 
 
 ZECHARIAH THAYER. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN WHITE. 
 
 
 
 THOMAS FOSTER, Boston, son of T. Foster, Ar. Co. 
 1701 ; died previous to May 1st, 1752. There was a 
 Thomas F. Deacon of the West Church. 
 
 JOSHUA LORING.
 
 269 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH RUSSELL, Boston, printer. Died Sep- 
 tember, 1767, aged 74. 
 
 SIMEON ROGERS, Boston. 
 
 OBADIAH PROCTER. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD BULKLEY, Boston. 
 
 ROBERT PROCTER, brother of Obadiah. 
 
 The number of the militia of Massachusetts in 1718, 
 was sixteen regiments of foot, and fifteen troops of 
 horse in all 15000. Sailors, 3493. Tons of shipping, 
 in Boston and Salem, 25406. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1718, by John Barnard, 
 Marblehead Rev. III. 21st. 
 
 1719. 
 SOLOMON BLAKE. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1719, by John Webb, 
 Boston Eccles. VIII. 8th. 
 
 In 1720 and 1721, no members were admitted. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1720, by Thomas Symmes. 
 Bradford 1st Chron. XII. 33d. Printed. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1721, by Thomas Prince, 
 Boston Ps. CXXI1. 6th. 
 
 1722. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL GREEN, Boston ; Representative. 
 Will July, 1736, proved Nov. 5th, 1737. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL GREENWOOD, Boston, merchant. His 
 will says, shipwright. Administration to his widow and 
 son Samuel, March 23d, 1741. Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1724. A member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH WHITE.
 
 270 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 722, by William Cooper, 
 Boston Ps. XLV. 3d, 4th, 5th. 
 
 1723. 
 
 CAPT. JAMES CAREY, Boston. Died Nov. 21st, 1745, 
 aged 60 ; grave -stone in the Granary. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1723, by Thomas Fox- 
 craft, Boston 1st Chron. V. 18th, 20th. 
 
 1724. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM WARD. 
 
 ENSIGN JEREMIAH BELKNAP, Boston, leather-dresser. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1738. Inventory 1751. A mem- 
 ber of the O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS EDWARDS, Boston, gold-smith. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1747; Lieutenant 1750; Captain 
 1753. He did not command until the 30th year of his 
 membership. Up to this time, that honor was sparingly 
 conferred upon young members. He died at his house 
 in old Cornhill, which was appraised at 600. Will 
 proved 1755. 
 
 COL. THOMAS TILESTONE, Dorchester, Esquire. Col- 
 onel of the 1st Regiment in Norfolk, then part of Suf- 
 folk. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1725. Will proved 1745. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS WISWALL, Dorchester. Will 1752. 
 
 COL. SAMUEL SWIFT, Milton, lawyer. Colonel of a 
 regiment of militia. Ancestor of Dr. Foster Swift, sur- 
 geon in the U. S. Army, and father of Gen. Swift, late 
 of the Engineer Corps, U. S. Army. 
 
 CAPT. CHRISTOPHER MARSHALL, Boston. Captain 
 in the expedition to Cape Breton. Administration 1745. 
 
 STEPHEN PAINE. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1724, by Ebenezer Thayer, 
 Roxbury 1st Tim. VI. 12th.
 
 271 
 
 1725. 
 
 RALPH SMITH. 
 SAMUEL JONES. 
 
 MAJ. JOHN CHANDLER, Worcester, husbandman. He 
 came from Woodstock, Conn. He was Judge of the 
 Common Pleas, afterwards Chief Justice, and sustained 
 the offices of Sheriff, Judge of Probate, Register of 
 Deeds, County Treasurer, and Clerk of the Courts; 
 also Major in the militia. His descendants have been 
 distinguished. 
 
 JOHN ASHLEY, Boston, shopkeeper. Administration, 
 1739. 
 
 THOMAS W 7 ELLS. 
 NICHOLAS BELKNAP. 
 EDWARD DURANT. 
 
 COL. JOHN PHILLIPS, Boston, merchant; born June 
 22d, 1 70 1 ; a descendant of Rev. George, one of the 
 earliest ministers in Massachusetts, and grandfather of 
 the late Hon. John Phillips, Mayor of Boston. An offi- 
 cer of militia ; he rose regularly to be Colonel, and died 
 when Colonel, Representative, and Commander of 
 Castle William. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1740; Lieuten- 
 ant, 1744; Captain, 1747 and 1759. He succeeded 
 Col. Downe, as Treasurer of the Ar. Co. 1749, many 
 years. 
 
 "April 19th, 1763* Exchanged this life for a better, our dear 
 and well beloved John Phillips, Esq, Colonel of the Boston regiment. 
 His commission was from Gov. Pownal, April 4th, 1758." The 
 following character of him was abridged from the public paper : 
 " Departed this life, aged 62, John Phillips, Esq, who for many 
 years was Deacon of the Church in Brattle street, Overseer of the 
 
 * Copied from a letter of Col. Thomas Dawes, to Hon. John Phillips ; and a 
 perusal of the letter was favored me by Thomas W. Phillips, Esq, his son.
 
 272 
 
 Poor, &c. A gentleman, who, from principles of virtue and true 
 humanity, employed all his time in doing good ; who, with uncom- 
 mon pleasure and indefatigable diligence, devoted himself to the 
 service of the community. His inflexible integrity gained and se- 
 cured him the confidence of all. He was never so happy as in pro- 
 moting some benevolent purpose for the happiness of others, or in 
 relieving distress. He sustained the important trusts, with which he 
 was invested, with becoming dignity, and discharged the duties re- 
 sulting from each to universal acceptance. His charity and domestic 
 virtues rendered him amiable, and all around him happy. In the 
 hour of his departure he was truly happy in the reflection, that in 
 simplicity and godly sincerity, not by carnal wisdom, but by the 
 grace of God, he had his conversation in the world. 
 
 " The funeral was attended by a great number of the relatives by 
 the Governor, His Majesty's Council, the clergy, the magistrates and 
 the principal merchants, and others of the town, followed by a num- 
 ber of ladies in chariots; and the commissioned officers of the regi- 
 ment, whereof the deceased was Colonel, walked in procession before 
 the corpse, with a number of non-commissioned officers of the sev- 
 eral companies, who appeared under arms ; and also the new Artil- 
 lery Company, with a piece of cannon, all of them marching in funeral 
 order, with the proper appendages of military mourning. During 
 the procession, minute guns to the number of sixty-two, (the age of 
 the deceased,) were fired. The corpse being deposited in the family 
 vault, three volleys were fired by the companies under arms ; an4 
 the whole ceremony was performed with the greatest decency and 
 good order, amidst a large concourse of spectators." 
 
 He married a daughter of Elisha Cooke, Jr ; had six 
 children one was Lieut, William, Ar. Co. 1762. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1725, by Samuel Check- 
 ley, Boston 2d Samuel, XXII. 35th. 
 
 1726. 
 
 COL. BENJAMIN POLLARD, Boston, son of Capt. Jona- 
 than, Ar. Co. 1700, and grandson of William, 1679. 
 He was for thirteen years Sheriff of Suffolk. He is said 
 to have been the first American gentleman who made 
 the tour of Europe. Upon his return, he introduced 
 many improvements observed abroad. He organized
 
 273 
 i 
 
 the first Fire Society, and introduced the use of the 
 bayonet, (derived from JBayonne, in France, where they 
 were first manufactured or invented.) The Cadets, un- 
 der him as Commander, were the first corps in America 
 which appeared in public with a bayonet. He died at 
 Boston, Dec. 24th, 1756, aged 61. Will proved Janu- 
 ary 21st, 1757. 
 
 He was probably the first Commander of the Cadets. 
 The origin of the Cadet corps is thus related : The 
 Governor of Massachusetts was about to proceed to the 
 lines to meet the Governor of a neighboring province, 
 but there was no escort. Col. Pollard, with other mem- 
 bers of the Ar. Co. and several young gentlemen, vol- 
 unteered as a cavalry escort. During their journey, 
 they formed the determination of raising a corps espe- 
 cially as an escort, or body guard, for the Governor. 
 After their return, about the year 1754, a petition was 
 presented to incorporate a company of Cadets. Capt. 
 Thomas Edwards, then commanding the Ar. Co. fear- 
 ing that the privileges to be granted them would inter- 
 fere with his own company, strongly remonstrated to 
 the Legislature against their petition until they could 
 be heard, in order that similar privileges might be 
 granted them. Probably upon a hearing, the business 
 was adjusted ; for the Cadet corps was soon after or- 
 ganized, and many members of the Ancient joined them. 
 This circumstance, and the fact that Col. Pollard, the 
 supposed founder of that corps, was long a member of 
 the Ar. Co. leads us to trace the origin of the Cadets 
 to the Ancient Company. The present Independent 
 Cadets are their successors. The Ar. Co. formed the 
 funeral escort at the interment of Ex-Governor Shirley, 
 buried from the late mansion house* of Judge Paine, in 
 Federal street, in 1771, when Hutchinson was in the 
 chair. The Cadet Company was then probably for a 
 
 *Now the site of Fourth Baptist Church, and Corinthian Hall. 
 35
 
 274 
 
 time disorganized. It made its appearance the year 
 following, however, under the command of Col. John 
 Hancock, afterwards Governor. The Cadet Corps, like 
 the Ar. Co. did not meet during the revolution, but 
 were revived about the same time, 1786. 
 
 HENRY GIBBS, Boston, merchant; a member of the 
 O. S. Church; son of Rev. Henry, of Watertown; 
 graduated at Harv. College, 1726, and died at Boston, 
 Feb. 17th, 1759, aged 50. 
 
 COL. BARTHELEMEW GEDNEY, Boston, wharfinger. 
 His tomb is in the Chapel ground. Administration, 1754. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1726, by John Swift, 
 Framingham Acts X. 7th. 
 
 1727. 
 
 NATHANIEL HODGDON. 
 
 HENRY WHEELER, Boston; a founder of the "New 
 Brick." 
 
 JOHN HELYER, Boston; died 1739, aged 54; buried 
 in the Granary. 
 
 INCREASE GATCHEL, Boston, schoolmaster. I have 
 seen a quit claim deed of his in 1727. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN SALTER, Boston, brazier. Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1743, Lieutenant 1751. 
 
 LIEUT. JABEZ HUNT, Boston. Adjutant of Boston 
 regiment; Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1743. 
 
 JOSEPH DOWDING. 
 
 THOMAS SIMPKINS, Boston, brazier; a descendant of 
 Capt. Nicholas, 1650; living in 1736. 
 
 JOHN GREENLEAFE. 
 
 JOB COIT, Boston, cabinetmaker ; died Jan. 12th, 
 1741, aged 49; grave-stone, North burial-ground.
 
 275 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM NICHOLS, Boston, joiner; Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1739. 
 
 EDWARD MARION, Boston, blacksmith ; a son of Sam- 
 uel, or John, Ar. Co. 1691. He died March 20th, 1771 ; 
 grave-stone in the Chapel ground. 
 
 BENNET LOVE, Boston, bookseller. 
 
 JAMES DAVENPORT. 
 
 JOHN SMITH, Boston, merchant; son of Thomas, 1702. 
 
 CAPT. DAVID MASON, Boston, upholsterer. Died July 
 19th, 1746, aged 43; grave-stone in the Granary. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN HOBBY, Boston, master mariner ; proba- 
 bly a son of Sir Charles, 1702. A militia officer. 
 
 DDDSON KILCUP, Boston; son of Roger, 1684. 
 
 THOMAS FLEET, Boston, printer. Inventory of his 
 estate, 1759. 
 
 "We have in the History of Printing* some relation of Thomas 
 Fleet He continued printing in Pudding lane (Devonshire street) 
 till 1731 ; he then hired a handsome house in Cornhill, north corner 
 of Water street, which he afterwards purchased and occupied. He 
 erected a sign of the Heart and Crown, which he never altered ; but 
 after his death, when crowns became unpopular, his sons changed 
 the crown for a Bible, and let the Heart remain. Fleet's new house 
 was spacious, and contained sufficient room for the accommodation 
 of his family and the prosecution of his printing business, besides a 
 convenient shop, and a good chamber for an auction room. [Albeit 
 in those times the printers were the principal auctioneers.] He held 
 his vendues in the evening, and sold books, household goods, &/c. 
 as appears by his advertisements. In August, 1742, he thus adver- 
 tises : ' A Negro woman to be sold by the printer of this paper ; 
 the very best negro woman in this town, who has had the small po^, 
 and the measles, is as hearty as a horse, as brisk as a bird, and 
 will work like a beaver.' " Fleet was a man of wit and worth. 
 
 RICHARD MORTIMORE. 
 
 * By Isaiah Thomas, Esq. This extract is made from the Boston News Letter, 
 of Dec. 23d, 1826.
 
 276 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1727, by William Wal- 
 dron, Boston 2d Samuel X. 12th. 
 
 1728. 
 
 COL. SAMUEL THAXTER, Hingham, husbandman ; 
 Representative, 1697, and ten other years; Colonel of 
 the Hingham regiment of militia, and Captain of the 
 Ar. Co. the year he joined. 
 
 " He was* a grandson of Deacon Thomas Thaxter, the first per- 
 son of the name in Hingham and in this country. Col. T. was born 
 August 1st, 16G5. He is not supposed to have inherited a very large 
 estate, but by his industry and enterprise he became one of the most 
 wealthy, and, for a long series of years, the most influential citizen. 
 Before the settlement of our venerable GAY in the ministry, two 
 other candidates were heard by the parish. One of the gentlemen 
 received a vote nearly unanimous to become the pastor of the town. 
 Tradition says that Col. T. was opposed to the candidate. Mr. Fisk, 
 the candidate, replied to the Committee of the town that he could by 
 no means consent to settle here, with the consent of every other 
 individual of the parish, so long as -an individual so respectable as 
 Col. Thaxter was opposed to him." Fisk did not settle there. 
 
 SAMUEL MILLER. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1728, by Ebenezer Gay, 
 Hingham Zech I. 8th. Printed. 
 
 1729. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. WILLIAM BRATTLE, Cambridge. Gradu- 
 ated at Har. Col. 1722. Captain of the Ar. Co. 1733. 
 For many years Major General of the Province, and in 
 that capacity presided on the Common on the Election 
 day, June, 1774 ; received the resignations of the old, 
 and commissioned the new officers, notwithstanding the 
 Lieut. Governor was present, the Governor being ab- 
 sent at Salem it being decided that the Lieut. Gov- 
 
 * Manuscript letter of Solomon Lincoln, Esq, author of the valuable History of 
 Hingham.
 
 277 
 
 ernor held no authority over the militia, while the Gov- 
 ernor was alive and in the Province. Jan. 16th, 1762, 
 he was Brig. General, and one of his Majesty's Council. 
 
 CAPT. HUGH MCDANIEL, Boston, rope-maker. A 
 distinguished free-mason ; a very active, benevolent, 
 intelligent man ; much respected for his integrity and 
 virtues. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1741 ; Lieutenant 1747; 
 Captain 1750. Real estate, 916 134, under incum- 
 brance, and finally insolvent. He died March 29th, 
 1770, aged 64, and his grave-stone is in the Chapel 
 ground. 
 
 EDWARD EMERSON, JR, Boston ; born May 8th, 1702. 
 
 SAMPSON SALTER, Boston ; died April, 1778. His 
 son, Richard, kept a splendid toy-shop, and was called 
 Dicky Salter. Dr. Byles, finding Dicky was paying 
 his addresses to a young lady of his church, made a 
 pastoral visit, and asked her how far she had got in her 
 Psalter ? To which she instantly replied " As far, sir, 
 as ' blessed is the man.' ' 
 
 KNIGHT LEVERETT, Boston, goldsmith. I suppose a 
 son of President Leverett. Administration August 3d, 
 1753. 
 
 CAPT. JONATHAN WILLIAMS, JR, Boston, merchant ; 
 son of Jonathan, 1711. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1742 ; 
 Lieutenant 1748; Captain 1751. He was a Deacon. 
 His dwelling house was in Cole lane. He was Mode- 
 rator of the famous Boston town-meetings, in Novem- 
 ber and December, 1773, respecting Tea. He died 
 March 27th, 1788. He was buried in his tomb, now 
 the property of Col. Bradford's heirs, in the Granary. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL ADAMS, Boston, Esquire. Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1737. A member of the Old South. He 
 died about March, 1748.
 
 278 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1729, by William Welstead, 
 Boston Isaiah LV. 4th. 
 
 No members were admitted during 1730 and 1731. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1730, by John Hancock, 
 Lexington Prov. XXI. 31st. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1731, by James Allin, 
 Brookline Ephes. VI. 12th, 13th. 
 
 We will now give some further account of the Com- 
 pany lands. The General Court, May session, 1717, 
 made good the additional grant of 500 acres, by grant- 
 ing one half of a reservation of 1000 acres, belonging 
 to the government in the township of Rutland, Wor- 
 cester county. The Indians continued to infest those 
 parts, and, in 1724, committed depredations in that 
 township. The grant is as follows : 
 
 "The following order passed the House of Representatives 
 read concurred, viz : Upon the petition of Edward Hutchinson, 
 Habijah Savage, John Ballentine, Jr, Edward Winslow, and Jona- 
 than Pollard, in behalf of the Artillery Company in Boston, praying 
 that 500 acres of land which are reserved to the Province in the 
 township of Rutland, may be granted to said Company, to satisfy a 
 grant made to them by the General Court, Oct. 15th, 1673 Order- 
 ed, that 500 acres of the 1000 acres reserved to the Province in the 
 township of Rutland, be granted in answer to this petition ; but so, 
 that John Burrill, Esq, to whom the other 500 acres is granted, have 
 the choice at which end to lay out his grant. 
 
 " Consented to. SAMUEL SHUTE, Governor." 
 
 This grant made the Ar. Co. owners of one moiety 
 of said 1000 acres in common with the heirs of Hon. 
 John Burrill, deceased, and the Ar. Co. April 7th, 1729, 
 appointed Capt. Wm. Ward, Thomas Smith, and Col. 
 B. Pollard, to make partition, which was mutually 
 agreed upon, May 1st, 1729. No sooner had they be- 
 come possessed of their lands in Rutland, than they 
 were taxed. Deriving little benefit therefrom, April,
 
 279 
 
 1731, they appointed a Committee, who reported, " that 
 it was expedient to sell and dispose of the 1000 and 500 
 acre grants." A petition was accordingly presented, 
 and at June session, 1731, the following passed, viz: 
 
 "In the House of Representatives, June 14th, 1731. Read, and 
 ordered, that the prayer of the petition be granted ; and that the Ar- 
 tillery Company within mentioned be, and hereby are fully author- 
 ized and empowered in due form of law, to make and execute 
 a good deed or deeds of conveyance of the two tracts of land 
 within mentioned ; the produce thereof to be vested in such other 
 real estate as may be most for their advantage, the income thereof 
 to be applied to and for providing necessaries for their military ex- 
 ercises, and defraying the other charges that may arise by occasion 
 thereof. 
 
 " June 16th, 1731. Consented to. J. BELCHER, Governor." 
 
 The Ar. Co. in 1737, sold their lands in Rutland, but 
 to whom, and for how much, the records do not show. 
 The Dunstable lands were, however, sold to Col. Blan- 
 chard, and a mortgage taken as security ; and, after the 
 mortgagor's death, long continued in dispute ; until a 
 suit thereon was commenced in the United States Court 
 for the District of New Hampshire, and judgment ren- 
 dered in their favor. Finally, Col. Blanchard's heirs 
 paid off the incumbrance, 1789. 
 
 1732. 
 
 CAPT. JOSHUA CHEEVER, Boston. From his inven- 
 tory, June, 1753, and the fact of the mansion estate of 
 Col. William Downe being divided between his two 
 grand-children, I suppose him the son-in-law of Col. 
 Downe, and that he died before his father-in-law, who 
 took care of his minor children. Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1736 ; Captain 1741. He was probably brother to 
 Ezekiel, Ar. Co. 1733. 
 
 CAPT. EBENEZER STOKER, Boston, merchant.* En- 
 
 * See his character, in Boston Gazette, June 1st, 1761.
 
 , 280 
 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1744; Lieutenant 1746; Captain 
 1 749. He died May 22d, 1 76 1 , aged 63. He possess- 
 ed a large property, 1900 10 1, lawful money; his 
 dwelling house in Union street, 800 ; post-chariot and 
 horses, together with two negro boys, are mentioned. 
 His tomb is in the Chapel ground. He was a Deacon. 
 
 JOSEPH GOLDTHWAIT, Boston, (alive 1784.) 
 
 EDWARD BROMFIELD, JR, Boston, merchant ; son of 
 E. Bromfield, Ar. Co. 1707, and grandson of Edward, 
 1679. Representative. He died April 19th, 1756. A 
 member of the Old South. 
 
 WILLIAM RAND, Boston, physician. Member of the 
 Old South. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS HUBBARD, Boston, merchant, Esquire. 
 Graduated at Har. Col. 1721 ; Representative 1746, 
 fourteen years ; Speaker ten years ; Treasurer of Har. 
 College. He died 14th January, 1773. Deacon of the 
 Old South 1739, and resigned 1764. 
 
 JOSIAH CARTER. 
 THOMAS BAKER. 
 
 CAPT. CALEB LYMAN, Boston, shop-keeper ; born in 
 Northampton, Sept. 17th, 1678. Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1735; Captain 1739. Deacon of a church, and 
 wealthy. He died at Weston, Mass. Nov. 1 9th, 1742, aged 
 65, after twelve weeks' sickness ; and his funeral sermon 
 was preached by William Williams. His will gives the 
 New North Church 500. His tomb, in North (Copp's 
 Hill) burial-ground, No. 28, says that he died Nov. 17th, 
 aged 64. He made a very bold excursion up Connec- 
 ticut river in 1704, as far as Coos county spelt by 
 Hutchinson, Cohas against the Indians. He went 
 alone, with five friendly Indians, and, after nine or ten 
 days, came upon the enemy, and killed seven out of 
 nine two only escaped, wounded.
 
 281 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1732, by Oliver Peabody, 
 Natick 2d Sam. I. 18th. Printed. 
 
 1733. 
 
 COL. JOHN WENDELL, Boston, merchant, (probably 
 son of Abraham, of Albany, and born there, and nephew 
 of Col. Jacob, 1733.) The firm Jacob, or John Wen- 
 dell &, Co. kept a large warehouse in Merchants' Row. 
 More business was done and wealth accumulated in 
 Merchants' Row, than in any other street of equal ex- 
 tent in Boston. I presume he was Colonel of Boston 
 Regiment. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1734 ; Captain 1 740. 
 He does not appear to have sustained any public sta- 
 tion. From some facts, I think he did not continue in 
 the copartnership. Administration 1 762 ; his estate was 
 appraised at 959 7 2, but was probably insolvent. 
 
 CAPT. EZEKIEL CHEEVER, Charlestown. Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1736. He graduated at Harvard College 
 1733. A Representative and Councillor. I suppose 
 him a descendant of Ezekiel, of Boston, who died 1709, 
 aged 94 the school-master of the principal gentlemen. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN ENDICOTT. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOHN CARNES, Boston, pewterer. This 
 trade was then profitable and reputable, now extinct. 
 He was born in Boston, April 3d, 1698. His father was 
 a Captain in the British Navy. Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1745; Captain 1748 ; an officer in the militia, and 
 Lieut. Colonel, in which office he died, March 4th, 
 1760, after a few days' confinement with a fever. " The 
 officers walked at the funeral before the corpse." In- 
 ventory, 1852 16 10, lawful currency, among which is 
 his mansion house and land in Ann street, 1000. His 
 tomb is No. 8, Copp's Hill. Francis Carnes, Esq, Har. 
 Col. 1 805, was a descendant, as I am informed. There 
 is now remaining in the family of Carnes, in Boston, a
 
 282 
 
 picture representing this ancestor as commanding a 
 company on Boston Common. I suppose it was the 
 Ar. Co. on Election day. A member of the Old South 
 Church. 
 
 CAPT. HENRY BERRY, Boston. Deacon of West 
 Church. Administration 1760. Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1742. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH FITCH, Boston ; probably son of Col. 
 Thomas. 1700. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1741. 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS GOODING, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM SALTER, Boston. Administration 
 1754. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN GRANT. 
 WILLIAM WILLIAMS. 
 
 BENJAMIN CLARKE, Boston. Member of Old South 
 Church. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOHN SYMMES, Boston. Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1749; Lieutenant 1752; Captain 1755 and 
 1761. He was Major, and, on the decease of Lieut. 
 Col. Games, Lieut. Colonel of Boston Regiment, in 
 which office he died, Feb. 27th, 1764. He was buried 
 under arms one company and the officers of the regi- 
 ment preceded the corpse. Member of the Old South. 
 
 GAPT. JAMES DAY. 
 
 EPHRAIM BAKER. 
 
 EDWARD VAIL, Boston, baker. Died July, 1749. 
 
 ENSIGN EPHRAIM COPELAND, Boston, tailor. Admin- 
 istration 1766. Member of the Old South. 
 
 SAMUEL JACKSON. 
 
 COL. RICHARD SALTONSTALL, Haverhill, lawyer ; born 
 at Haverhill, June 14th, 1703; great-grandson of Sir 
 Richard. He graduated at Harvard College 1722. He
 
 283 , 
 
 was a scientific and practical farmer. At the early age 
 of twenty-three he received a commission as Colonel of 
 one of the Essex Regiments. His son Richard was the 
 fourth in succession of that family who had filled the 
 office. He was chosen Commander of the Ar. Co. 
 1737, and of course presided at the first centennial 
 celebration, and undoubtedly selected for that occasion. 
 The approach of that event began, the year previous to 
 his admission, to stimulate many enterprising merchants 
 and public characters to join, that the reputation of the 
 corps might receive their support on that occasion, and 
 they gave its prosperity an impetus which it deserved. 
 Col. Saltonstall was a Judge of the Superior Court at 
 the time. He, on that occasion, selected one of the first 
 clergymen in the State, and, although an old man, he 
 gave one of the best and most appropriate discourses 
 ever delivered before the Company. In his judgment, 
 a veteran should preach before a veteran corps. 
 
 Judge Saltonstall was Chairman of the Committee for 
 settling the boundary line between Massachusetts and 
 New Hampshire, which had always been in contention, 
 1737. "He was a man of talents and learning; an 
 accomplished officer, and peculiarly distinguished for 
 hospitality and liberality. His address was polished, 
 affable, and interesting ; his disposition kind and affec- 
 tionate, and he was extremely beloved by all who knew 
 him. He left three sons and two daughters. Abigail 
 married Col. Watson, of Plymouth, and died soon after 
 marriage, without children ; and Mary married Rev. 
 Moses Badger, of the Episcopal Church in Providence, 
 R. I." He was appointed Judge 1736, and sustained 
 his station on the bench with dignity and honor until 
 his decease, Oct. 20th, 1756. The family of Saltonstall 
 to this day remain, sustaining the reputation of their 
 ancestors. Hon. Leverett Saltonstall, of Salem, and
 
 284 
 
 the wife of Hon. Judge Merrill, of Boston, are of that 
 family. 
 
 EBENEZER SWAN. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN CODMAN, Charlestown. Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1745. Ancestor of the Codmans in Boston and 
 Dorchester. 
 
 LIEUT. BENJAMIN HALLOWELL, Boston, shipwright. 
 Will proved Jan. 5th, 1737-8. 
 
 CAPT. ISAAC WHITE, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. HABIJAH SAVAGE, JR, Boston, Esquire. Grad- 
 uated at Harvard College 1723; son of Lieut. Col. H, 
 Savage, 1699. Will proved Sept. 23d, 1746. 
 
 JOSEPH DYAR. 
 ZECHARIAH FITCH. ; , > 
 JOSEPH POMROY. 
 
 COL. JACOB WENDELL, Boston, merchant ; son of John 
 and Elizabeth, and born at Albany, Aug. 5th, 1691. He 
 married Sarah Oliver, daughter of James and Mary, at 
 Boston, August 12th, 1714. Their issue was four sons 
 and nine daughters. The late Hon. Oliver Wendell, of 
 Boston, was his youngest son. He was many years 
 Selectman of Boston, and, in 1634, gave 50 toward 
 the erection of a market. His mansion house was at 
 the corner of School and Common streets, and he built 
 a new house between that and the present Latin School. 
 My grandfather worked as journeyman under the late 
 Col. T. Dawes, upon that building. While examining 
 it, the following recollection of Col. W. was recited by 
 the old gentleman : 
 
 " Col. Wendell was a man of great personal dignity. His dress 
 was rich, being a scarlet embroidered coat, gold-laced cocked hat, 
 embroidered long waistcoat, small clothes with gold knee buckles, 
 silk stockings with gold clocks, shoes and large gold or silver
 
 285 
 
 brfckles, as the importance of the occasion or business required ; full 
 ruffles at the bosom and wrists, and walking with a gold-headed cane. 
 His numerous workmen dined at the same hour as his family, but in 
 separate rooms; when meals were ready, Col. W. would uniformly 
 take a chair and ask a blessing and return thanks, standing in the 
 front entry, between the rooms. It must have been an imposing 
 spectacle to see a merchant of those days, in such costume, walking 
 the exchange, in King street." 
 
 At the great fire in Boston, he was a great sufferer. 
 Large collections were made in other provinces to aid 
 the sufferers. He refused any part of the contributions. 
 Upon a final dividend among the sufferers, it was found 
 that there was about 60 left, which could not easily be 
 divided. It was appropriated to purchase, for his daugh- 
 ter, Margaret, an eight-day clock, &c. Lieut. Colonel 
 of Boston Regiment, 1735, and Colonel, 1736, which 
 office he held, 1743; Captain of the Ar. Co. 1735 and 
 1745, and remained a prominent member to his de- 
 cease. Inventory real estate, 10233 6 8; lands, in 
 Berkshire county, 1466 14 8. He died Sept. 7th, 
 1761, aged 72, and was buried in his family tomb, in 
 the Chapel ground. The officers of the regiment all 
 walked in procession before the corpse, though he was 
 not in commission when he died. The following is 
 taken from an obituary. 
 
 "Died here, the Hon. Jacob Wendell, Esq, who for many years 
 was Overseer of the Poor,* Colonel of the regiment, one of His 
 Majesty's Justices of the Peace, and Council. As a merchant, he 
 was early distinguished, not only by the largeness of his dealings, 
 but also by his probity and honor, which soon created him an exten- 
 sive reputation in the commercial world ; and, as he had many op- 
 portunities of employing the poor, encouraging the industrious 
 tradesman, and advancing those who were entering upon the world, 
 so no man could improve such apportunities with greater pleasure. 
 The indigent and distressed were often and largely relieved by his 
 alms. With great cheerfulness he aided every project for the com- 
 mon good. 
 
 * Boston Gazette and Country Journal No. 337, Sept. 14th, 1761.
 
 286 
 
 "His family remember, with the tenderest feelings, how much4ie 
 endeared himself in every domestic relation. His friends cannot 
 forget his openness of heart, his readiness to oblige, the freedom 
 and cheerfulness which appeared at his hospitable board. Through a 
 long course of years, he gave a constant and exemplary attendance 
 upon all the offices of Christian piety, expressing upon all occasions 
 a regard for every thing relating to it." 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL WATTS, Chelsea, yeoman, grandson 
 of Col. P. Townsend, 1674; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 
 1735; Captain, 1742. One of His Majesty's Council. 
 
 LIEUT. THOMAS DOWNE, Boston; probably son of 
 Col. William. 
 
 LIEUT. NAT>HAN CHEEVER. 
 CAPT. JOHN PECKER. 
 WILLIAM WARNER. 
 
 WILLIAM COCK, Boston, master mariner; insolvent, 
 1736. 
 
 THOMAS CLARKE. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL BELL, Boston, merchant ; died about 
 1791. 
 
 DANIEL TUCKER. 
 ENSIGN THOMAS PRATT. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 733, by Nathaniel Ap- 
 pleton, Cambridge James IV. 1st. Printed. 
 
 1734.* 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL EPES, JR, son of Capt. Daniel, 1706. 
 GEAR COFFIN. 
 
 NATHANIEL THAYER, Boston, leather dresser ; alive, 
 1772. 
 
 * March 12th, 1734. There was a town meeting respecting the erection and 
 improvement of the Mall. This may be considered the first considerable effort 
 for that object. See the Boston Commercial Gazette, September, 1826.
 
 287 
 
 COL. JOHN CHANDLER, Jr, Worcester, eldest son of 
 Maj. Chandler, 1725, and, like his father, was Judge of 
 the Common Pleas, Justice and Clerk of the County 
 Courts, Sheriff, Judge of Probate, Register of Probate 
 and Deeds, and County Treasurer ; Representative, 
 Coucillor, and Colonel of the Worcester Regiment; 
 Captain of the Ar. Co. 1736. His son, John, succeed- 
 ed him as Judge of Probate. Col. C. was a man of 
 great influence and respectability. He died August 7th, 
 1762, aged 68. 
 
 CAPT. ELNATHAN JONES. 
 
 COL. JOSEPH DWIGHT, Brookfield; Speaker of the 
 House, 1749 ; Colonel of a regiment, of Worcester 
 County; Councillor; Captain of the Ar. Co. 1743. 
 
 MATTHEW BARNARD. 
 
 ANDREW SYMMES. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN BENNET, Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1750. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL PRATT, Chelsea, tanner; Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1748; Lieutenant, 1753 during which 
 year he probably died. 
 
 Atillery Election Sermon, 1734, by Charles Chaun- 
 cey, Boston Judges XVIII. 27th-28th. Printed. 
 
 1735. 
 ABRAHAM BELKNAP. 
 
 MAJ. JOHN WENDELL, JR, Boston, merchant. I sup- 
 pose the son of Col. John, 1733. His will was proved 
 August, 1772. He was buried in his tomb, No. 55, 
 Granary. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1735, by Hull Abbot, 
 Charlestown Exodus XV. 3d. Printed.
 
 288 
 
 1736. 
 JAMES WRIGHT, son of James, Ar. Co. 1715. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN WELCH, Boston, carver. He lived at 
 West Boston. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1751 ; Lieuten- 
 ant, 1754; Captain, 1756. He died Feb. 9th, 1789, 
 aged 78. In the front range of tombs, Chapel ground, 
 there is " John Welch, Tomb." " His wife died 1736, 
 aged 19." 
 
 ENSIGN AARON BOARDMAN, Boston, tinman. Will 
 proved 1754. 
 
 DANIEL WATTS. 
 
 COL. NATHANIEL THWING, Boston; father of Maj. 
 Thwing, 1761. "April 17th, 1768, Col. Thwing, of 
 this town, was seized with an apoplectic fit, in the 
 street, as he was returning home from public worship, 
 and now lies at the point of death." " He died Monday, 
 18th. He was a' gentleman well respected; formerly 
 one of the Selectmen ; in the late war, (old French war,) 
 Colonel of a provincial regiment, and in every action 
 conducted with approbation."* 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1736, by Peter Clarke, 
 Salem 1st Corinth. XVI. 13th. Printed. 
 
 1737. 
 
 MAJ. MOSES DESHON, Boston, auctioneer; originally 
 a carver; an Assessor, 1770. 
 
 COL. JOSEPH BLANCHARD, Dunstable, now Nashua ; 
 born Feb. llth, 1705. A great speculator in lands, and 
 purchased the Artillery farm, in Dunstable. He was a 
 mandamus councillor, of New Hampshire ; appointed 
 1740, and sustained the office until his death, in 1758, 
 
 * Extract from an old newspaper.
 
 289 
 
 April 7th, aged 53. In conjunction with Rev. Samuel 
 Langdon, D. D. he published a map of New Hamp- 
 shire, in 1761. He was appointed Judge of the Sup. 
 Court of New Hampshire, in 1749, which office he held 
 till his decease. He commanded a regiment of 500 
 men, ten companies, raised in N. Hampshire, in 1755, 
 and was engaged in the French war, at Crown Point. 
 
 LIEUT. TnoiMAS DROWNE, Boston ; Ensign of the Ar. 
 Co. 1753; Lieutenant, 1756. Snow, p. 245, speaks of 
 a Deacon Drowne, as the ingenious artist who made 
 the figure in bronze which surmounts the cupola of the 
 Old Province House. If so, he was a brass founder* 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1737, by William Williams, 
 Weston Eccles. IX. 18th. Printed. 
 
 1738. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL HALEY. 
 JOHN DANIEL. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH EDWARDS, Boston ; son of John, 1699 ; 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1754, 
 
 JACOB EMMONS, Boston. 
 
 COL. JOSEPH JACKSON, Boston, distiller. Major of 
 Boston Regiment 1758; Colonel 1761 to 1763. He 
 succeeded Col. Phillips as Treasurer of the Ar. Co. 1763, 
 and continued in that office till the Revolution. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1746; Lieutenant 1749; Captain 1752. 
 His will disposes of his portrait to his son Joseph. The 
 first inventory was 3535 14, and second, 3144 19 5, 
 stocks principally. He died at Boston, April 10th, 1790, 
 aged 83, (tomb-stone in the Chapel ground,) and was 
 buried though not in commission under arms, by the 
 Ar. Co. It is on this occasion that a band of music was 
 first used, but it was paid for by the family of the de- 
 ceased. A member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 37
 
 290 
 
 CAPT. ARTHUR SAVAGE, Boston ; a descendant of the 
 charter member. Will proved Feb. 8th, 1765. Mem- 
 ber of the O. S. Church. 
 
 SENDAL WILLIAMS. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM TAYLOR, Boston ; probably Colonel 
 of Milton Regiment. Died at Milton, Feb. 16th, 1789, 
 aged 75. His tomb is in the Chapel ground. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1756; Lieutenant 1759; Captain 1760. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1738, by Benjamin Col- 
 man, D. D. Boston Isaiah XL 10th. Printed. 
 
 1739. 
 
 GAPT. RALPH HART, Boston, shipwright. Captain of 
 the Ar. Co. 1754. Died March 14th, 1776, aged 77 
 grave-stone on Copp's Hill. His son and grandson 
 were noted shipwrights, and built the Constitution frig- 
 ate, " Old Ironsides." 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS SAVAGE, Boston, merchant; second 
 son of Lieut. Col. Habijah S. 1699 ; was born in Bos- 
 ton, Jan. 5th, 1711. Captain of militia, and died Dec. 
 19th, 1760. The officers of the regiment walked at 
 the funeral. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1752 ; Lieutenant 
 1755 ; Captain 1757. " He was the grandfather of the 
 learned Antiquary of New England," and author of the 
 valuable notes in the last edition of Winthrop's History 
 of New England. Inventory, 7122 6 4J, lawful cur- 
 rency, his real estate at the North End and Long 
 wharf, over 2000. 
 
 SAMUEL SALTER, JR. 
 CAPT. JOHN STORER. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL GOODWIN, Charlestown; died 1802, 
 aged 86. 
 
 JOHN WALDO, Boston, merchant. A founder of the 
 "New Brick."
 
 291 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM SIMPKINS, Boston ; son of Thomas, 
 1727. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1757. 
 
 CAPT. JAMES BUTLER, Boston ; buried in the Granary. 
 
 JOHN FRANKLYN, Boston, tallow chandler ; relation 
 of Dr. Benjamin ; was Post Master, and died at Boston, 
 5an. 30th, 1756, aged 67. Dr. F. was chosen Colonel 
 of the Philadelphia Regiment, February, 1756. 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS EDES, Boston, printer. Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1762. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1739, by Samuel Mather, 
 Boston 1st Sam. XVII. 31st. Printed. 
 
 1740. 
 
 CAPT. JOHATHAN GARY, Boston. Lieutenant of the 
 Ar. Co. 1 762. He died Dec. 29th, 1 801 , aged 85. His 
 grave-stone, on Copp's Hill, says " he was a Univer- 
 salist," probably one of the first converts of the Rev. 
 Mr. John Murray, and a founder of the first Universalist 
 Church. The first Universalists in Boston were Trin- 
 itarians and believers in the Atonement. Much oppo- 
 sition was shown to Murray. At one of his early meet- 
 ings, the Orthodox besmeared their meeting-house seats 
 with wheel grease ; but the late Hon. Rufus King very 
 coolly wiped it off for himself and the ladies in the pew 
 with his white handkerchief. On another occasion, 
 Murray preached in the Old South ; neither party were 
 allowed to take the pulpit ; so Mr. Murray held a dis- 
 putation with the Old South minister, Rev. John Bacon, 
 afterwards of Stockbridge ; and some of the hearers 
 pelted Murray with eggs. Upon his return from meet- 
 ing, his garments much spotted, he was asked how he 
 was treated : " Oh, very well, 1 have been treated 
 witti Bacon and eggs." 
 
 THOMAS BAXTER.
 
 292 
 
 MAJ. NEWMAN GREENOUGH, Boston, Esquire. Major 
 of Boston Regiment. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1755; 
 Lieutenant 1757 ; Captain 1758. His will, proved Feb. 
 23d, 1781, speaks of " advanced age." Fireward 1770. 
 
 ENSIGN JOSEPH BRADFORD, Boston, glazier. Will 
 proved 1787. : ^ 
 
 JOHN NICHOLS. 
 
 BENJAMIN GOLDTHWAIT, Boston, trader. Died March, 
 1782. 
 
 JOHN HYLAND. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN ADAMS ; supposed of Braintree. Will 
 proved 1761. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1740, by Mather By les,* 
 Boston 1st Sam. XVII. 45th. Printed. 
 
 1741. 
 
 THOMAS SNOW. 
 
 i 
 JOHN DIXWELL, Boston, jeweller. His father, John, 
 
 was a goldsmith. I suppose he was grandson of one of 
 King Charles's judges. He died May, 1749. 
 
 JOHN MILLIKEN. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1741, by Samuel Phillips, 
 Andover Judges V. 18th. Printed. 
 
 1742. 
 JOSEPH BUTLER. 
 
 LIEUT. NATHAN BLODGET. 
 
 'to fcl- 
 * Dr. Mather Byles was the first Congregational Minister who appeared in the 
 
 pulpit at Boston in a gown with bands. His congregation considered it popery. 
 He appeared in the forenoon habited thus; in the intermission, the deacons, &c. 
 waited on him, and he was obliged to lay it aside, or preach to bare walls. This 
 dress was sent a present to him by the Archbishop of Canterbury, with whom he 
 is said to have corresponded. The year following, there came an order from the 
 British government, for all the Judges to sit on the bench clothed in scarlet cloaks 
 and large white wigs.
 
 293 
 
 BENJAMIN CHURCH, Boston, physician ; father of the 
 famous Dr. B. Church ; was a violent Whig at the com- 
 mencement of the Revolution, but when the tug of war 
 came on, became a Tory. An Assessor, 1770. He 
 graduated at Harvard College 1727. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSEPH BELKNAP, Boston; son of Jeremiah, 
 1724. Died at Dover, N. H. August, 1797, aged 81. 
 A member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 CALEB PHILLIPS. 
 THOMAS JOHNSTON, JR. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1742, by John Taylor, 
 Milton Prov. XVI. 32d. 
 
 1743. 
 
 CAPT. JACOB HURD, Boston, merchant. Died at Hal- 
 ifax, N. S. aged 71. He was one of the first settlers 
 there. There was one of the same name, of Roxbury, 
 whose inventory appears 1758. 
 
 KENELM WIN SLOW, JR. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GORE, Boston, painter. An officer of 
 the Boston militia. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1758. 
 His tomb is No. 2, Granary, (repaired 1772.) He was 
 the father, I suppose, of the late Gov. Gore. 
 
 In May, 1743, Halberts were first used by the Sergeants; and it 
 was decided that the Captain, or presiding officer, had a right to 
 make, or introduce, any motion. 
 
 In 1743, Lieut. Col. D. Henchman, afterwards Commander, intro- 
 duced a motion to have a duplicate of the Records, and gave a book 
 for the purpose. The transcript, however, was not completed until 
 1750. Through the similar foresight of Major Thomas Savage, in 
 1780, Nathaniel Barnes, Clerk, was ordered to make " a list of all 
 the officers' names of this Company, which have been since their 
 first settlement, as far as any account is to be found thereof, &c. ;" 
 and which list was completed September, 1681. To the fidelity of 
 Barnes we are indebted for the preservation of the roll of jnembers
 
 294 
 
 and list of officers in the early years of the Company. To Hench- 
 man we are no less indebted for the preservation of Barnes's doings, 
 and the records up to 1750. Much of the original is lost ; Hench- 
 man's copy is, however, entire. The Ar. Co. paid the Clerk <4 for 
 this transcript. 
 
 At the same time the Company, having somewhat declined in annual 
 admissions, a resolution was passed, " that the colours (standard) be 
 hung out upon our training days, at Major Henchman's corner, (the 
 south corner of State street and old Cornhill,) and the place of pa- 
 rade to be the Town House." The lower floor of the State House, 
 (now the Post Office,) recently stores and offices, was then an open 
 area. The custom of placing the standard there in the morning, to 
 remain as a notification for the training, until the Company was 
 formed, was long adhered to. After Faneuil Hall Armory was estab- 
 lished there which Boston was obliged to furnish for the Company, 
 having received Keayne's donation for the purpose the Ar. Co. 
 held their meetings and formed there. The Lieutenant was detach- 
 ed with a platoon, to bring the standard to the parade. This cere- 
 mony was abolished in 1795. It was a stormy day, and the colors 
 were then brought from Henchman's corner, for the last time, by 
 Capt. Joseph Eaton. Gen. Arnold Welles, who commanded in 1812, 
 when a boy, served his time in that store, and had the charge of the 
 colors, and from him the account was received. 
 
 The zeal and talents of several commanders, for a series of years, 
 preserved the ancient respectability of the institution. As most of 
 the members resided in Boston, most of the commanders were se- 
 lected from among them ; but the election of Col. Thaxter, 1 728 ; 
 Gen. Brattle, 1733; Col. Chandler, 1736; Col. Saltonstall, Hon. 
 Samuel Watts, and others, show the Company occasionally elected 
 distinguished men from various parts of the country. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1743, by William Hooper, 
 Boston Gal. VI. 14th. 
 
 1744. 
 CAPT. JOHN COMERIN, Boston, trader. Inventory 1762. 
 
 THOMAS GREENOUGH, Boston, mathematical instru- 
 ment maker. Will dated 1785. 
 
 ISAAC CAZNEAU. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS STODDARD, Boston ; probably grand- 
 son of Anthony, Ar. Co. 1639. He commanded a com-
 
 295 
 
 pany against the Indians, and there is extant a printed 
 sermon on the occasion of their departure, by Rev. 
 Samuel Checkley. He died April 12th, 1763, aged 64. 
 His grave-stone stands on Copp's Hill. 
 
 ENSIGN JOSEPH GALE, Boston, upholsterer. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1758. Will proved 1774. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1744, by Joseph Parsons, 
 Bradford 2d Sam. XVII. 8th. Printed. 
 
 1745. 
 
 ENSIGN JEREMIAH BELKNAP, JR, Boston ; son of Jer-' 
 emiah, 1724. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1763. A mem- 
 ber of the O. S. Church. 
 
 JOHN WEST, Boston, merchant. Administration 1750. 
 JOHN WILSON. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN RUSSELL, Boston, housewright. His 
 will names his sons, Benjamin, Ar. Co. 1788, John, 1792, 
 Thomas, (possibly 1769,) and five others. He died July 
 9th, 1760, aged 63, grave-stone in the Granary. 
 
 BENJAMIN WALCOTT, Boston, blacksmith. 
 
 WILLIAM BAKER. 
 
 JOHN BUTLER, Boston, cooper. Died June, 1748. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN WENDELL, 3d, Boston. 
 
 JOSEPH SHERBURNE. 
 
 CAPT. ENEAS MACKAY, Boston. 
 
 Many members of the Ar. Co. took an active part as 
 officers in the siege of Louisburg, this year. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1745, by Thomas Pren- 
 tice, Charlestown Isaiah LXIII. 1st. 
 
 1746. 
 ALEXANDER HILL. 
 
 JOHN AUSTIN.
 
 296 
 
 SAMUEL SWIFT, Boston, lawyer ; son of Col. Samuel, 
 1724. Will proved June, 1776. He graduated at Har- 
 vard College 1735.* 
 
 COL. SAMUEL HENDLEY. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL LIVERMORE, (Watertown ;) Major of 
 1st regiment militia. 
 
 THOMAS LAWLOR, Boston. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1746, by Nathaniel Walter, 
 Roxbury 2d Tim. IV. 7th, 8th. Printed. 
 
 1747.f 
 THOMAS MARCH. 
 
 CAPT. ONESIPHORUS TILESTONE, Boston, housewright. 
 Selectman. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1759; Lieutenant 
 1760; Captain 1762. His mansion was in Purchase 
 street, opposite his wharf, which still bears his name. 
 He died Nov. 27th, 1771, aged 61. Inventory 1772 
 mansion, 633 6 8 ; wharf and flats, &c. 2533 6 8 ; 
 other real estate, tools, &c. 4113 4 0, lawful money. 
 Tomb No. 5, Granary. 
 
 JONATHAN LOWDER, Boston ; son of William, Ar. Co. 
 1708. Administration 1769. Member of the Old South 
 Church. 
 
 THOMAS RAYMOND. 
 
 COL. JOSIAH EDSON, JR, Bridgewater, yeoman. He 
 was a wealthy, intelligent farmer many years Select- 
 
 *The Register of 1772 states that there were ten Barristers in Boston, and that 
 the whole number of Lawyers in Massachusetts Province then was fifty-one. 
 
 t This year, the Council books of records were burnt, in the Court House, Nov. 
 17th, 1747. A mob set fire to the house of Col. T. Hutchinson, in North square, 
 in which his valuable papers were destroyed. This was a great loss in the early 
 history of New England. At this time the militia were called out to suppress the 
 mob, and were notified by beat of drum. This had been the early mode of noti- 
 fying trainings ; it was also the only mode of calling the people together for re- 
 ligious services, until bells came into fashion in Boston.
 
 297 
 
 man and Representative. He commanded the Bridge- 
 water regiment, 1772. He was one of the King's Man- 
 damus Council, at the Revolution. Doubting the pro- 
 priety and ability of resisting tiie mother country, he 
 was stigmatised as a Tory. The good people of B. be- 
 ing nearly all Whigs, assembled to tar and feather the 
 old man ; and the mob (several hundred) collected in 
 the evening, and began their tumultuous march. The 
 veneration they had always borne him, served to curb 
 their passions as they approached, and it was found, 
 when within half a mile of his house, that the mob had 
 imperceptibly dwindled to ten ; who stopped to consider 
 what was to be done, and, awed by his amiable charac- 
 ter and dignity, concluded quietly to return to their 
 homes, leaving the old gentleman to enjoy his opinions 
 without molestation. He was Judge of the Common 
 
 m ni ^u r* 
 
 Jrleas, Plymouth County. 
 JOHN EDWARDS, JR. 
 
 CAPT. JOSIAH WATERS, Boston, painter. Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1760; Lieutenant 1763; Captain 1769. 
 Administration 1785. A member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. W T ILLIAM HOMES, Boston, silversmith ; father 
 of Lieut. William, 1766. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co, 
 1761 ; Captain 1765. His place of business and abode 
 was in Ann street. A Fireward in 1770. A member of 
 
 the O. S. Church. 
 
 O * 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1747, by William Hobby, 
 
 Reading Ps. LXXVIII. 9th, 10th. Printed, 
 
 .1; ~~ not 
 
 1748. 
 EDWARD COWELL, JR. 
 
 So tenacious had the Ar. Co. been of their privileges, 
 that few instances are found of interference. April 1 st, 
 1748, was appointed for a town meeting in Boston ;
 
 298 
 
 but, it appearing that that day was one of the charter 
 field days, " the meeting was declared null and void, as 
 being contrary to the Artillery charter." A similar in- 
 stance like to have occurred during the late Mayoralty 
 of President Quincy, the warrant having been made 
 out ; but that efficient officer, discovering the coinci- 
 dence, immediately countermanded it. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1748, by Samuel Dunbar, 
 Stoughton Heb, XI. 32d, 34th. Printed. 
 
 1749. 
 
 WILLIAM MORE, Boston. Member of the Old South 
 Church. 
 
 il (ii^ilH) l3i>;>ilh<rOO t$}(Hgjh i/iii; 1D> 
 The Ar. Co. found themselves embarrassed by the Assessors of 
 Boston taxing the Company funds. Having reluctantly paid taxes for 
 three years, they, by their Committee, all venerable past Command- 
 ers, petitioned the Legislature to direct the taxes to be refunded; 
 and that in future their property should not be subject to taxation. 
 This petition contains much spirit, in claiming their rights, and pat- 
 riotism in the public service. It was thereupon, " in Council, June 
 15th, 1749, read, and ordered, that the prayer of this petition be 
 granted, and that the aforementioned taxes, imposed on the Treas- 
 urer of the Artillery Company aforesaid, be remitted ; and it is hereby 
 declared that the donations made, or to be made, to said Company, 
 shall be exempt from all taxes whatsoever, until this Court shall or- 
 der otherwise. 
 
 "In the House of Representatives Read and concurred. 
 
 "J. DWIGHT, Speaker. 
 " Consented to. S. PHIPS, Governor." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1749, by Ellis Gray, Bos- 
 ton Micah IV. 3d, 4th. 
 
 1750. 
 
 COL. JOHN LEVERETT, Boston, Esquire ; a descend- 
 ant of Gov. J. Leverett ; Lieut. Colonel of Boston regi- 
 ment, 1772; afterwards Colonel, and resigned 1773. 
 Administration July, 1777.
 
 299 
 
 BRIG. GEN. ISAAC ROYAL, Medford; Brig. General, 
 1761, being the first of that title among Americans. 
 He founded the Professorship of Law, in Harv. College ; 
 left this country April 16th, 1775 r and I presume died 
 in England, as his will was dated at Kensington, ng r 
 land. 
 
 THOMAS NEWMAN. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1750, by Andrew Eliot, 
 Boston 2d Chron. VI. 7th, 8th. 
 
 1751. 
 THOMAS HUBBART. 
 
 JOHN COBURN, Boston, merchant ; died January, 1 SOS, 
 aged 78. 
 
 JOHN BRIDGE. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL GOOKIN, Boston, bookseller; a de- 
 scendant of Maj. Gen. Gookin, 1645. Inventory, 1752. 
 
 NATHANIEL BAKER. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1751, by Samuel Cooper, 
 Boston 2d Kings V. 1st. Printed. 
 
 1752. 
 
 ENSIGN SAMUEL TORREY, JR, Boston, merchant; 
 Clerk of the Ar. Co. ; Ensign, 1765. He died Nov. 
 18th, 1768, aged 42. Tomb in the Granary. A mem- 
 ber of the O. S. Church. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1752, by Ebenezer Bridge, 
 Chelmsford Acts X. 1st, 2d. Printed. 
 
 No members were admitted in 1753. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1753, by Samuel Cooke, 
 Cambridge 1st Sam. XVII. 38th, 39th.
 
 300 
 
 1754. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. WILLIAM HEATH, Roxbury, yeoman ; son 
 of William. At the age of twenty-nine, when a private 
 citizen, he joined the Ar. Co. 1754. His memoirs* say, 
 that his becoming a member recommended him to the 
 Colonel of the first regiment in Suffolk, and he was ap- 
 pointed Captain of the company injloxbury, and rose 
 to be Colonel. It has been frequently said by old mem- 
 bers, that Gen. Heath, and other Roxbury and Dor- 
 chester members, used to walk into Boston, with their 
 guns, &c. to attend drill meetings. The Ar. Co. then 
 had no armory. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1768 ; Cap- 
 tain, 1770. 
 
 Gen. Heath was one of the first five general officers 
 appointed in the revolutionary army, at Cambridge, 
 Feb. 9th, 1775. During the war he continued active 
 in the cause of his country, and his memoirs exhibit a 
 detailed account of his various and important services. 
 On disbanding the army, Gen. Heath retired as a Major 
 General. His writings, under the signature of " A Mili- 
 tary Countryman," were productive of much good. He 
 was a Representative, 1761, from Roxbury; Senator 
 and Councillor, 1791-2. His patriotic services induced 
 his fellow citizens to propose him for Governor, or 
 Lieut. Governor, but he was always unsuccessful until 
 1806, when he was elected Lieut. Governor. He de- 
 clined, however, to accept, and refused to be qualified. 
 Gen. Heath was chosen by the people, 1812, an Elector 
 of President, and was President of the College of Elect- 
 ors, the whole of whom voted for De Witt Clinton. 
 On this electoral ticket he was run in opposition to Ex- 
 President Adams, and considered his success as the 
 happiest victory in his life. 
 
 * Written by himself ; containing much information relative to the war of the 
 Revolution.
 
 301 
 
 In 1768, several regiments of British troops were in 
 Boston. On a field day, under command of Capt. Heath, 
 then Lieutenant,* it appearing probable that the Ar. 
 Co. would not leave the Common until after the roll-call 
 of the troops, their commanding officer sent orders that 
 he must retire without beat of drum, and that there 
 must be no firing at the deposit of their standard. The 
 Company opposed a compliance ; but Lieut. Heath, 
 conceiving it his duty to comply with the orders of a 
 superior officer in his Majesty's service, marched to 
 Faneuil Hall in silence, and without firing. This ap- 
 peared to some of the members an infringement of their 
 privileges. One Hopestill Capen, then Orderly, resent- 
 ed it so highly, that he went to the top of his house, 
 and fired his musket three times, and even many years 
 after would not vote for Gen. Heath. No one can doubt 
 the patriotism of Gen. H. ; he was guided by that dis- 
 cretion which ever ought to characterize a commander. 
 He lived to an advanced age, and died universally la- 
 mented. His funeral was attended by the Ar. Co. though 
 he had ceased to be a member, from respect to his 
 amiable character and patriotism. He was a genuine 
 republican, affable in his manners, and firm in his prin- 
 ciples. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL JONES, Boston ; Deacon of West 
 Church. 
 
 COL. DAVID MASON, Boston. A founder and first 
 Captain of " the Train of Artillery," attached to Boston 
 Regiment, founded about 1763, and who paraded with 
 one cannon only at the funeral of Col. John Phillips. 
 It was formed soon after the Cadets, and the present 
 South End Artillery are their successors. Capt. Mason 
 served under Col. Knox, as his Lieut. Colonel, in a 
 
 ' j 'f ' \ ? 
 
 * It was customary before the Revolution, and so continued until recently, to give 
 the Lieutenant the privilege of command one field day during the year.
 
 302 
 
 regiment of artillery in the Continental Army. Gen, 
 Knox was a bookbinder, and pursued that occupation, 
 opposite the west end of the Town (Old State) House; 
 and was a founder of a corps of Grenadiers in Boston, 
 among whom he acquired the first rudiments of military 
 tactics. When promoted, Col. Mason succeeded him 
 as Colonel, and was an able officer. 
 
 COL. THOMAS DAWES, JR, Boston, bricklayer. Born 
 at Boston, August 5th, 1731. One of the first great 
 mechanics of Boston. His mansion was in Purchase 
 street, near Capt. Tileston's. He was father of the late 
 venerable Judge Dawes. 
 
 He commenced his military career as Adjutant of 
 Boston Regiment, and commanded the central militia 
 company, whose place of parade was behind the first 
 Church, or Cornhill square. During his command of 
 that company he introduced an improvement in music. 
 Before that time no martial music was used on training 
 days but the drum. He employed a man, with but one 
 eye, who played the clarionet, and he caused him to 
 march about eight paces in front. Marigolds were then 
 used as cockades. He was Major of Boston Regiment, 
 1771, under Col. Erving; Lieut. Colonel under Col, 
 Leverett; and in 1773, Colonel, which office he held 
 till the Provincial Government was abolished. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1761, Lieutenant 1765, Captain 1766 
 
 and 1773. 
 
 
 
 Upon the adoption of the State Constitution, he be- 
 came an intimate friend of Hancock, and began to fig- 
 ure in public life ; for which his talents, industry, wealth 
 and patriotism well qualified him. He was Representa- 
 tive, Senator and Councillor. In private life he was 
 active, firm, charitable and affable. He was Deacon of 
 O. S. Church, 1786. I shall never forget his venerable 
 appearance, grave deportment, rich dress and silver
 
 303 
 
 locks, when constantly on the Sabbath he walked up 
 the broad aisle. Early impressions identified him with 
 true piety. He died* at Boston, January 9th, 1809. 
 There is a neat white marble monument over his tomb, 
 in the Chapel ground. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN ANDREWS, Boston. 
 JOSEPH MANN. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS CARNES, Boston ; son of Lieut. Colo- 
 nel John, 1733. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1754, by Samuel Porter, 
 Sherburne Rom. XII. 18th. 
 
 1755. 
 
 HENRY PERKINS. 
 
 FRANCIS WHITMAN, Boston, shipwright ; living in 1760. 
 WILLIAM HYSLOP, Brookline. 
 ISAAC DECOSTER. 
 
 MAJ. EDWARD CARNES, Boston, ropemaker; son of 
 Lieut. Col. John, 1733. He was probably the last 
 Major of Boston Regiment before the revolution ; En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1766; Lieutenant 1769. He died 
 in August, 1782. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL DYER. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL WHITWELL, Boston. An officer of the 
 Revolution. Died at Boston, June, 1801, aged 84. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN JOY, Boston, housewright. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL BARRETT, Boston, sailmaker ; proba- 
 bly grandson of Lieut. Samuel, 1717. Lieutenant of 
 the Ar. Co. 1766; Captain 1771 ; and on the first field 
 day, Sept. 2d, 1771, " a new stand of colours was pre- 
 sented the Ar. Co. by him." He was Deacon of the 
 
 *He died January 2d, 1809, says O. S. Catalogue of Church Members.
 
 304 
 
 New North Church an industrious and pious man. He 
 died August 25th, 1798. Monday, Sept. 3d, 1798, the 
 Ar. Co. completed the field day duty by attending his 
 funeral, with side arms, in uniform. During the Revo- 
 lution, there were some attempts to revive the Com- 
 pany. In 1783 and 1784, there were several meetings, 
 which failed of success. Capt. Barrett acted as Clerk, 
 and preserved a regular record of their doings, attested 
 by him, and the names of persons present. This paper, 
 after his decease, was found, and the hand-writing prov- 
 ing genuine, has been inserted among the records. 
 
 BARNABAS CLARKE. 
 CAPT. SAMUEL BALLARD. 
 CAPT. JOHN FORSYTH, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN PHILLIPS, Boston. Died at Lincoln, 
 May, 1792, aged 76. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1755, by Thaddeus Mac- 
 carty, Worcester Ps. LXVIII. 30th. 
 
 1756. 
 
 SETH BLODGET. 
 BENJAMIN BROWN, JR. 
 
 ENSIGN JONAS CLARK, Boston, Esquire. Ensign of 
 the Ar. C. 1770. 
 
 BENJAMIN DOLBEARE, Boston, merchant. Will, proved 
 1787, speaks of advanced age. 
 
 JOHN WOODS. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL RIDGEWAY. 
 
 CAPT. JONATHAN GARY, Boston ; son of Jonathan, 
 1740. 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM BELL, Boston, bricklayer, or house- 
 wright. Lived in Hawkins street. Deacon of the sec-
 
 305 
 
 ond (New Brick) Church. JLnsign of the Ar. Co. 1767 ; 
 Lieutenant 1771 ; Captain 1774 ; and he reassumed the 
 command in 1786. He presented the Ar. Co. with two 
 espontoons, which, after the Revolution, were adopted 
 as the baton of office for the Commander and Lieuten- 
 ant, instead of the leading-staff, or pike, and half-pike. 
 After the battle of Lexington, the people were all 
 actively engaged in resisting the arbitrary power of 
 Great Britain. Many members were engaged in the 
 war, as Continental officers, and those who were not 
 were so dispersed as to render meetings impracticable. 
 To illustrate, however, the feelings and conduct of the 
 people of that day, an anecdote, related by a bystander, 
 is here introduced : 
 
 In 1775, before the Ar. Co. suspended its meetings, the Common 
 was occupied by the British army, and the Ar. Co. were refused ad- 
 mittance. Capt. Bell, therefore, marched to Copp's Hill. Soon 
 after the bridge over Charles river was built, there was a complaint 
 against the street at the foot of this hill. It was supposed the pro- 
 prietors of that part of the hill enclosed from Snowhill street, ought 
 to repair the wharf and street at their own expense. This led to en- 
 quiry, in town meeting, to whom it belonged ; some one said it be- 
 longed to this Company. Col. Jackson, their Treasurer, was sent 
 for, and declared that he considered it their property, a mortgage 
 upon it to them having long since run out, and that Capt. Bell, with 
 the Company, had taken possession of it in 1775. Capt. Bell was 
 then interrogated by Col. Dawes, the Moderator : Why did you 
 march your Company to Copp's Hill ? Answer : I was prohibited 
 from entering the Common ; conceiving this hill to be the property 
 of the Company, I marched them there, as a place no one had a right 
 to exclude them from. Question by Moderator : Supposing a party 
 of British troops should have been in possession of it, and should 
 have forbidden you entrance, what would you have done? Answer: 
 I would have charged bayonets, and forced my way as surely as I 
 would force my way into my dwelling house, if taken possession of 
 by a gang of thieves. The late Col. William Tudor, who was then 
 present, said : " Mr. Moderator, the hill clearly belongs to that Com- 
 pany, and I wish they would execute a quit-claim deed of it to me 
 for a fair price." The mortgage was discharged afterwards, and the 
 street repaired by the town. 
 
 39
 
 306 
 
 A senior Captain of a regiment, before the war, rank- 
 ed as Major. It was thus Capt. Bell gained his rank. 
 He was a strict disciplinarian, and tenacious of adhering 
 to the most ancient ceremonies. The Ar, Co. are prin- 
 cipally indebted to him for its revival ; and, being ad- 
 vanced in years, he was elected an honorary member, 
 and continued such to his death. It was not unusual, 
 in those days, for men of seventy years of age to do 
 active duty. Deacon Bell was admired for his firmness 
 and integrity in private life ; the services he rendered 
 to this institution place him among its most distinguish- 
 ed patrons. 
 
 CAPT. ROBERT JENKINS, 3d, Boston, merchant. He 
 was Clerk of Trinity Church. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 
 1769; Lieutenant 1772; Captain 1790. He died at 
 Boston, August 20th, 1797, aged 63, and was buried 
 from his house in Summer street, the Ar. Co. in uniform 
 and side-arms, preceding the corpse. His widow mar- 
 ried the late Deacon Grant. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL RIDGEWAY, JR, Boston ; brother of 
 Capt. Nathaniel, 1756. 
 
 JAMES BENNETT. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN DEMING, Boston, merchant. Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1771. A member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 COL. EDWARD PROCTOR, Boston. A revolutionary 
 officer. Tomb No. 16, Copp's Hill. Grandson of Ed- 
 ward Porter, 1699. 
 
 DANIEL BOYER, Boston. Member of O. S. Church. 
 
 Sept. 6th, 1756, it was " voted that every member of 
 this Company have a bayonet fitted to his firelock, as 
 soon as may be." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1756, by Ebenezer Pem- 
 berton, Boston Heb. XI. 34th. Printed.
 
 307 
 
 1757. 
 
 SAMUEL EMMES. 
 JOHN HEAD, Boston. 
 JOHN SOLEY. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1757, by Samuel Check- 
 ley, jr, Boston Isaiah XIII. 4th, 5th. 
 
 1758. 
 
 NATHANIEL LORING, Boston, merchant. Inventory 
 1770. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD JACKSON. 
 
 v f ; 
 COL. NATHANIEL BARBER, JR, Boston, merchant. A 
 
 revolutionary officer. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARE LYDE, Boston, merchant. Refugee ; 
 son of Capt. Edward. 
 
 JOHN DOWNE. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM MURRAY. i *iv; 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM BOARDMAN, Boston. 
 
 RICHARD BOYLSTON, Charlestown. Died June 30th, 
 1809, aged 85. 
 
 CAPT. MOSES PECK, Boston. Died March, 1801, 
 aged 83. Member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. DAVID JENKIN. 
 CAPT. JAMES CUNNINGHAM. 
 THOMAS DEERING. 
 
 THOMAS SYMMES, Boston ; only son of Lieut. Col. 
 John, 1733. 
 
 CAPT. DAVID SPEAR, Boston, cooper. Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1768. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1758, by Thomas Bar- 
 nard, Salem Isaiah LIV. 16th, 17th. Printed.
 
 308 
 
 1759. 
 
 CAPT. JOB WHEELWRIGHT, Boston, cooper. Admin- 
 istration 1770. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN SKINNER. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1772. 
 PETER VERSTILE, Boston, merchant ; living in 1774. 
 
 ENSIGN JOSEPH GALE, JR, Boston ; son of Joseph, 
 1744. 
 
 LIEUT. CHRISTOPHER CLARK, Boston, merchant. 
 
 MAJ. RICHARD BOYNTON, Boston. Ensign of the Ar. 
 Co. 1764; Lieutenant 1767. Deacon. Died March, 
 1794, aged 74. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL SIMPSON. 
 
 JOSIAH SALISBURY, Boston, merchant. Deacon of 
 the O. S. Church, 1794, and wealthy. He was one of 
 the last who wore the old cocked hats. It was always 
 known if he had money to let, without asking him ; for 
 if he had, he always wore the front peak of his hat high 
 up when he walked down to the Exchange, and low 
 down was always sad foreboding to borrowers. He died 
 May2d, 1318. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1759, by Amos Adams, 
 Roxbury Matt. X. 34th. Printed. 
 
 1760. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN EDES, Boston, printer, of the firm of 
 Edes & Gill; son of Thomas, 1739. 
 
 COL. ANDREW SYMMES, JR, Boston, merchant. Died 
 April llth, 1797, aged 62. 
 
 LIEUT. JACOB HOLLAND. 
 
 ENSIGN MOSES PITCHER, Boston. Member of the 
 O. S. Church.
 
 309 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM DAWES, Boston. Tomb in the Chap- 
 el ground. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1760, by Josiah Sherman, 
 Woburn Ps. CXL. 6th. 
 
 1761. 
 
 COL. THOMAS MARSHALL, Boston, tailor ; son of 
 Capt. Christopher, 1724. Major of Boston Regiment 
 1765, and Lieut. Colonel 1767 to 1771. Captain of the 
 Ar. Co. 1763 and 1767. Col. Marshall died at Weston, 
 Mass. Nov. 18th, 1800. The following obituary ap- 
 peared Nov. 26th, 1800 : 
 
 " His unblemished morals, even from early youth, have done honor 
 to the Christian religion, which he firmly believed and publicly pro- 
 fessed. The first and principal part of his life was spent in Boston, 
 where he was a worthy and useful citizen, fair in his dealings, to the 
 needy, helpful to his friends, generous to strangers, hospitable 
 to all, courteous in his municipal offices, faithful in his military 
 character, distinguished. In the Revolution, Col. Marshall com- 
 manded a regiment ; displaying his love to his country by his zeal in 
 her cause, and personal bravery. He settled in (Weston,) where, 
 retired from the bustle of the world, he has uniformly practised the 
 social and relative duties ; and his numerous friends and relatives, 
 particularly his very respectable widow, can testify with great sensi- 
 bility, that his path of life has resembled ' the rising light, that shines 
 more and more unto the perfect day.' " 
 
 MAJ. JAMES CUNNINGHAM, Boston, painter ; born at 
 B. April 24th, 1721 ; father of Maj. Andrew, 1786. 
 Major of Boston Regiment, 1767 to 1771. Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1764; Captain 1768. Died at B. June 
 5th, 1795. 
 
 CAPT. JEREMIAH STIMPSON. 
 
 SANDERSON WEST, Boston. Will proved 1770. 
 
 MAJ. NATHANIEL THWING, Boston ; son of Col. N. T. 
 1736.
 
 310 
 
 CAPT. MARTIN GAT, Boston, brass founder; son of 
 Rev. Dr. Ebenezer, of Hingham. Captain of militia. 
 He was included in the absentee act. He lived, how- 
 ever, to realize the benefits of a free government. I 
 had frequent opportunities of hearing him converse. It 
 was not for want of love for his country that he became 
 a Tory, but, having large property, and fearing the 
 ability to resist with success the power of the mother 
 country, were the causes of his adopting that side, as 
 many of the most considerate men in the country did 
 from like motives. The period has arrived when we 
 can look back and with candor attribute to many of 
 that class good motives for their conduct. He secretly 
 wished for his country's success. His latter days were 
 spent in retirement, and the pleasures of the family 
 circle, in which he appeared amiable and happy. Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1770; Captain 1772. He died 
 January, 1 809, aged 82, and was buried in his tomb, 
 No. 6, Granary. He was a Fireward in 1770, and Dea- 
 con of West Church. 
 
 JOHN WEBB, JR, Boston, merchant. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOSEPH WEBB, Boston, trader ; brother 
 of John. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1773. An officer in 
 the Revolution. Will dated in 1787. 
 
 Soon after the establishment of the Cadets, and " Train of Artil- 
 lery," a Company was formed among the students in Harvard Col- 
 lege. They applied to Gov. Hutchinson for arms, but, as they were 
 mostly opposed to the mother country, he reluctantly yielded to their 
 request, and avoided, as long as possible, to sign an order for their 
 delivery. These young heroes, not discouraged, procured wooden 
 guns, and were reviewed (using them) while the Superior Court was 
 in session at Cambridge, by the Judges, &-c. This corps was " super- 
 seded" during the Revolution, revived during the administration of 
 Gov. Gerry, and abolished by President Quincy. 
 
 The institution of the Cadets and " Train of Artillery" probably 
 served to lessen admissions into the Ar. Co., and as it had been de- 
 clining, a Committee was chosen " to consider some method for the
 
 311 
 
 advantage and unity of the Company." April field-day, 1761, the 
 two following resolutions were adopted : 
 
 " 1st. That when any person offers himself for admission, he shall 
 be publicly proposed, and stand candidate one term ; that so, none 
 may be admitted but persons of good repute, who are able and wil- 
 ling to attend on training days, and bear their part of the expense. 
 
 "2d. That the members of the Company duly attend their duty 
 on training days, study for peace, unity and good order among them- 
 selves ; that so they may encourage the officers of the militia and 
 other suitable persons to join them, and support the credit and use- 
 fulness of the Company, always keeping to those good and whole- 
 some rules, by which the Company has subsisted for 123 years." 
 
 These resolutions, adopted while Col. William Taylor was Com- 
 mander, produced the desired effect ; for, upon comparing the roster 
 of Boston Regiment, of 1770, with the roll, we find that, of the forty- 
 four commissioned officers of the regiment, including the " Train of 
 Artillery," every officer, field, platoon, or staff, excepting one Lieu- 
 tenant and five Ensigns, were members of the Ancient. It is proba- 
 ble they reverted back to Keayne's advice. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1761, by Jason Haven, 
 Dedham Prov. XVI. 32d. Printed. 
 
 1762. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM PHILLIPS, Boston ; born August 
 29th, 1737; merchant; youngest son of Col. John, 
 1 725. Married Margaret, daughter of Col. Jacob Wen- 
 dell, and died December, 1771. 
 
 THOMAS STEVENSON, Boston. After failing in trade, 
 he was long a Constable, and lived to a venerable age, 
 being one of the last who kept up the ancient dignity of 
 that office. 
 
 COL. ADINO PADDOCK, Boston, chair-maker. Lived 
 in Tremont street, opposite the .Granary burial-ground, 
 the venerable elms in front of which he planted. He 
 was a British Colonel. Fireward 1770. He succeeded 
 Capt. Mason as Commander of the " Train of Artillery," 
 1668. Under Paddock, who was a complete Artillery- 
 man, this Company became a celebrated military school,
 
 312 
 
 t 
 
 and furnished many excellent officers in the revolution- 
 ary army, some unknown. He was a Loyalist, or Tory, 
 and left the town when the British troops evacuated it, 
 and never returned. He was afterwards appointed Gov- 
 ernor of one of the British W. I. islands, where he died. 
 Most of the Ar. Co. were high Whigs. Col. P. was in- 
 cluded in the absentee act. His real estate was 2531 
 17 6, lawful money; personal, only 71 5 7. His adver- 
 tisements in the newspapers of that day, say, " at his 
 shop in Longacre, Common street." In one, he offered 
 " a guinea reward for the detection of the person who 
 hacked his trees in front of his shop as said trees were 
 planted and cultivated at considerable expense." 
 
 CAPT. CALEB CHAMPNEY, Dorchester. Died June, 
 1803, aged 63. 
 
 On the records, May 3d, 1762, we find the following, 
 ^among other propositions : 
 
 "" 1st. That the Company for the future break up at Faneuil Hall, 
 should leave be obtained of the Selectmen for that purpose. 
 
 " 3d. That the Governor, Council, &,c. be invited, on the Anni- 
 versary Election of Officers as formerly, to dine at Faneuil Hall. 
 The expense to be paid as usual. 
 
 " 3d. The Governor, Council, &c. after the election of officers, 
 to be invited and entertained as usual, (at Faneuil Hall,) the ex- 
 pense to be equally paid by the commissioned officers for the year 
 ensuing." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1762, by Samuel Locke, 
 Sherburne. 
 
 1763. 
 
 ELIAS DUPEE, Boston. He kept a school in Boston 
 during the siege, gratuitously. 
 
 LIEUT. HOPESTILL CAPEN, Boston, shopkeeper. This 
 person showed resentment at Gen. Heath's complying 
 with the orders of the British officers. He died March 
 2d, 1807, aged 76 grave stone on Copp's Hill.
 
 313 
 
 v 
 MAJ. JOHN PERKINS, JR. A revolutionary officer. 
 
 LIEUT. BENJAMIN EUSTISS, Boston, housewright. His 
 father was a housewright. He was the father of the late 
 
 o 
 
 Gov. Eustiss. The name was, originally Eustace, and 
 he was a descendant of John, Ar. Co. 1711. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1763, by Thomas Balch, 
 Dedham Daniel IV. 35th. Printed. 
 
 1764. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN BROCAS, Boston, sailmaker. Adminis- 
 tration 1770. He died aged 67. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. JOHN WINSLOW, Marshfield, husbandman. 
 Captain of the Ar. Co. 1765. He was grandson to Gov. 
 Josiah Winslow, of Plymouth Colony, and early in life 
 became a military character. In 1740, he commanded 
 a company in the regiment sent to Cuba. He was 
 Maj. General in the British line, and had the chief com- 
 mand of several expeditions to Kennebec, and of the 
 provincial forces at Fort Edward, in 1757. Hutchin- 
 son says " he was younger brother to Capt. Josiah, and 
 possesses the same martial spirit." He was Judge of the 
 Common Pleas, and died at Hingham in April, 1774, 
 aged 71. His portrait, with those of his ancestors, are 
 in the Mass. Historical Library. His sword is now 
 transmitted in the family. His bravery was proverbial, 
 and his reputation as an officer excellent 
 
 CAPT. LEVI JENNINGS. 
 
 WILLIAM HICKLING, JR. 
 
 MAJ. THOMAS BUMSTEAD, Boston ; a descendant of 
 Thomas, 1764; lived on the ancestral estate, and died 
 May 8th, 1 828, aged 88. A member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN OSBORN, JR, Boston. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1764, by Samuel Wood- 
 ward, Weston Gen. XIV. 14th.
 
 314 
 
 1765. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS ADAMS, Boston, printer. Died Sept. 
 9th, 1796, aged 53. Tomb No. 39, Granary. 
 
 TIMOTHY THORNTON, Boston, paver. Will proved 
 1770. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN WELLS, Boston ; father of John, 1792. 
 CAPT. WILLIAM HEATH, Boston, sailmaker. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL SELLON, Boston, farrier. Tomb in 
 the Chapel ground. 
 
 COL. THOMAS CRAFTS, JR, Boston ; an officer in the 
 Revolution. He read the Declaration of Independ- 
 ence from the balcony of the Old State House, first in 
 Boston.* 
 
 JOHN LEIGHTON. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL GRIDLEY, Boston; died Oct. 1801, 
 aged 67. 
 
 LIEUT. GEORGE TROTT, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. EDWARD TUCKERMAN, Boston, baker ; Repre- 
 sentative ; died July 17, 1818, aged 78. 
 
 CAPT. JONATHAN STOOD ARD, Boston ; died January, 
 1790. One of the five founders of the first Universalist 
 Society in Boston, 1785. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM ROGERS. 
 CAPT. CHRISTOPHER MARSHALL. 
 
 CAPT. DIMOND MORTON, Boston ; brother of Hon. 
 Perez. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. WILLIAM PERKINS, Boston; officer in 
 the Revolution ; Captain of Castle Island, formerly Cas- 
 tle William, now Fort Independence. Died Oct. 27th, 
 1802, aged 60. 
 
 * See Thatcher's Medical Journal, p. 55.
 
 315 
 
 MAJ. NATHANIEL HEATH, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. ZEPHANIAH HARTT, Boston, shipwright; died 
 1791. 
 
 MAJ. EPHRAIM MAY, Boston ; Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1773; died May, 1797, aged 69. Tomb No. 124, 
 on the Common. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. SAMUEL BRADLEY, Boston ; elected 
 Lieut. Colonel of Boston Regiment Oct. 10th, 1797; 
 died July 30th, 1798, in commission, and was buried 
 under arms. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM CUNNINGHAM. 
 CAPT. SARSON BELCHER. 
 LIEUT. DAVID WHEELER, JR. 
 
 CAPT. CLEMENT COLLINS, JR, Boston ; died Septem- 
 ber, 1798, aged 65. 
 
 WILLIAM TORREY, Boston, baker. Inventory, 1769. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN STUTSON, Boston ; Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1774; housewright. 
 
 ENSIGN ASA STODDARD, Boston, bricklayer; Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1774. Administration, 1787. 
 
 CAPT. EBENEZER TORREY, Boston ; resided at Lan- 
 caster several years. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1787. 
 He died March 14th, 1828. In 1811, he presented the 
 Company with a new standard. He made a will about 
 that time in which he gave them $750 in bank stock ; 
 his children having all deceased and grandchildren 
 being well off, but some young members of that day 
 made remarks relative to the old members who attended 
 the drill meetings regularly, to see the younger mem- 
 bers exercise, enjoying the scene, and hovering about 
 the Company in the field also. These remarks hurt 
 their feelings, broke up the custom, and coming to his 
 ears, he made a new will and gave the legacy to others.
 
 316 
 
 A solemn warning to those who make themselves too 
 officious before they have, by long service, become 
 acquainted with the customs. He was buried in his 
 tomb, No. 4, Granary. The Ar. Co. attended his 
 funeral. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL SEARLE, Boston, tailor. A revolu- 
 tionary officer, and Lieutenant in Col. Crafts' regi- 
 ment. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1765 ; by Gad Hitchcock, 
 Pembroke. Printed. 
 
 1766. 
 
 BENJAMIN ROMANS, Boston; died 1802, aged 61. 
 JONATHAN FARNAM, JR, Boston, hairdresser. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOHN POPKIN, JR, Boston ; died at 
 Maiden, May 8th, 1827, aged 85. He was father of 
 Rev. John, the learned Professor of Greek in Harvard 
 College. A revolutionary officer and long an officer 
 of the customs. After he was eighty years old he 
 walked into Boston from Maiden to the custom-house. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM HOMES, JR, Boston, silversmith 
 in Ann street ; member of the O. S. Church. A man 
 of small stature, pious, amiable, and much beloved. 
 A few days before his death he was a -witness in the 
 Supreme Court, on the trial of the Price will contro- 
 versy between Trinity Church and King's Chapel ; it 
 was a severe cold day, and the old gentleman never 
 went out of his house after. He died Feb. 1 825, aged 
 83. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 766 ; by John Brown, 
 Hingham. 
 
 In 1767, no members admitted. 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1767, by Daniel Shute, 
 Hingham Eccles. IX. 18th. Printed.
 
 317 
 
 1768. 
 
 LIEUT. CHARLES WILLIAMS, Boston. 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL WATERMAN, Boston. 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM DAWES, JR, Boston. Member of 
 the Old South. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM HOOGS, Newton ; removed to Can- 
 ada, and in crossing the lakes was drowned, with his 
 whole family. 
 
 CAPT. JACOB WILLIAMS, Boston, merchant, was 
 shipwrecked on the coast of Africa, and one of the 
 survivors who reached Macao after great suffering, as 
 related in Saunders's Journal. He went to Vermont, 
 where he died at an advanced age in 1821 or 2. 
 
 MICHAEL HOMER, Boston ; died at Hopkinton aged 
 69. 
 
 JOHN GREENLEAFE. 
 
 SAMUEL CONDON, Boston, Clerk of Ar. Co. ; died 
 March 12th, 1775, aged 28. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN NEWALL, Boston, cooper; died 1792, 
 aged 54. 
 
 CAPT. ISRAEL LORING, Boston. Ensign of the Ar. 
 Co. 1790; died at Dover, Mass. Dec. 1820, aged 79. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN HASKINS, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN SKILLIN, JR, Boston, shipwright ; died 
 July, 1801, aged 63. 
 
 JOHN FULLERTON, Boston, distiller. Administration 
 1793. 
 
 SETH ADAMS, Boston. Member of the Old South. 
 CAPT. ELISHA EATON, Boston.
 
 318 
 
 April 8th, 1768, a Committee, appointed the September preced- 
 ing, " to consider what plan may be most expedient to raise the rep- 
 utation, secure the interest, and save the expense of said Company," 
 reported : " It appears to the Committee that the extraordinary ex- 
 penses attending the officers of said Company, have been very dis- 
 couraging to its members, as well as to many who have an inclina- 
 tion to join it. It also appears that a very great saving may be made 
 in the expenses." They then suggest, that enquiry ought to be made, 
 what the funds are, or ought to be, (surprising oversight!) and, 
 " supposing them to amount to <500, recommend that the interest, 
 or $100, be annually appropriated to assist the officers in the anniver- 
 sary expenses." They then say, " that the expense of the evening 
 (anniversary) be paid by the newly elected officers," in certain pro- 
 portions ; " that the Sergeants entertain the Company in their re- 
 spective turns, as formerly, and to make no other provision than is 
 proposed by the plan annexed, which is thought to be fully suffi- 
 cient, viz : 
 
 " 9 bottles that is, two gallons wine, Q 9s 4d 
 
 " 8 gallons of > half hundred lemons, 10 8 
 
 Punch, ) rum and sugar, 068 
 
 "Biscuit, 048 
 
 " 10 Ibs. cheese, 068 
 
 1 16 
 
 " If souring is scarce and dear, then the Sergeants to provide wine 
 only, that the sum of .1 16s be not exceeded." 
 
 In the Boston Chronicle, Feb. 1768, we find: "In the brigantine 
 Abigail, Capt. Stevens, from London, came two beautiful brass field- 
 pieces, three-pounders, with the Province arms thereon, for the use 
 of the 'Train of Artillery' of the Regiment of this Town. They 
 were cast from two old pieces, which were purchased, some time 
 since, by the General Court of this Province." These were after- 
 wards probably the pieces named the Hancock and Adams. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1768, by Jonas Clark, 
 Lexington 2d Chron. XVII. 16th. Printed. 
 
 1769. 
 
 MAJ. JOSHUA LORING, Boston. A member of the O. 
 S. Church. Sheriff of Suffolk, April, 1775. Town 
 Major. What office this was, I am ignorant ; but, as he 
 was a Tory, it was probably an office created during
 
 319 
 
 " the siege," by Gov. Gage. He left Boston with the 
 British troops, March, 1776. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH PIERCE, Boston, merchant. A founder 
 and second Captain of the Grenadiers ; Gen. Henry 
 Knox was 2d Lieutenant. His store was on the north 
 side of State street, and in an old picture of the State 
 House, taken before the Revolution, his name appears 
 on a sign. Representative. Member of the Old South 
 Church. He became poor, and died at Boston, Jan. 
 1st, 1828, aged 82. 
 
 COL. JOSIAH WATERS, JR, Boston, merchant ; son of 
 Capt. Josiah, 1747. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1787 ; 
 Captain 1791 ; for several years Treasurer, and exerted 
 himself to place the finances in good order. He col- 
 lected many facts, for a history, but never published 
 them. The manuscript is lost. The older members 
 used to speak of it as containing important facts, as 
 well as anecdotes of members, now preserved in the 
 imperfect recollection of survivors. In 1 804, Col. Wa- 
 ters proposed to establish a Military Library, but it was 
 never carried into effect. There is no doubt it would 
 be highly useful and honorable, and, by small exertion, 
 an extensive collection of military works of standard 
 worth might be made. He was a member of the Old 
 South Church. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN F. OSGOOD, Boston. Administration 
 1792. 
 
 JOSEPH CROSWELL. 
 
 JOHN ARNOLD, Boston, cabinet maker. Administra- 
 tion, 1784. 
 
 CAPT. MANAS SEH MARSTON, Boston, cooper. Will 
 proved 1791. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN BARTLETT, Roxbury; father of Dr.
 
 320 
 
 Thomas, 1792. Died 1823 or '4. For several years 
 he was blind. 
 
 JOHN GRANT, JR, son of John, 1733. 
 THOMAS SHERBURNE, JR. 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS RUSSELL, Boston, brazier; son and 
 executor of Capt. Benjamin, 1740. Maj. Benjamin, 
 1788, and John, 1792, were his brothers. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN SIMPKINS, Boston, upholsterer ; descend- 
 ant of Capt. Nicholas, 1650 ; grandson of Thomas, 
 1727, and son of William, 1739. The last surviving 
 member admitted previous to the Revolution, and he 
 died a member, Dec. llth, 1831, aged 91. Deacon of 
 the New North Church many years, and an active old 
 gentleman. He left a handsome estate. His mansion 
 was near Brattle street Church. 
 
 '"' 'i i I'^jut PITT *flTi 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1769, by Phillips Payson, 
 Chelsea Ps. CXLIV. 1st. 
 
 1770. 
 COL. JOHN BOYLE, Boston, bookseller. Captain of 
 
 the Cadets. 
 
 i 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM MILLER. 
 
 LIEUT. DANIEL REA, JR, Boston. House in Quaker 
 lane (Congress street.) Died December, 1798, aged 87. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1770, by Samuel Still- 
 man,* Boston 2d Tim. II. 3d. Printed. 
 
 1771. 
 
 CUTHBERT INGLESBY, Boston. Removed to Vermont. 
 
 MARTIN BICKER, Boston, merchant. 
 
 ' 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1771, by Eli Forbes, 
 Brookfield Exodus XV. 3d. Printed. 
 
 * The first of any other sect, than Congregational, who ever preached before 
 the Ar. Co.
 
 321 
 
 1772. 
 
 CAPT. ABRAHAM HUNT, Boston. 
 
 MAJ. JOHN HINKLEY, Boston, auctioneer. Adminis- 
 tration 1787. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD KNEELAND. 
 
 STEPHEN WHITNEY, JR. 
 
 MAJ. OBADIAH WITHERELL, Boston, miller. A revo- 
 lutionary officer, and living in Kennebec County, Maine, 
 in 1825. 
 
 DANIEL NEAL. 
 
 . 
 JOHN SPEAR, Boston. An officer in the Revolution. 
 
 He died at Boston, April 14th, 1824, aged 75. 
 
 The Post Boy, of May llth, 1772, announces the following officers, 
 as appointed by the Governor, in the Corps of Cadets, viz : 
 John Hancock, Captain, with the rank of Colonel. 
 William Coffin, Lieutenant, with the rank of Lieut. Colonel. 
 Daniel Hubbard, Ensign, with the rank of Major. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1772, by Nathaniel Rob- 
 bins, Milton Ps. CXXII. 8th. Printed. 
 
 1773. 
 
 JEREMIAH BUMSTEAD, Boston. Member of the Old 
 South Church. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH EATON, Boston, hatter. He claimed 
 the honor " of hauling down the first British colors," 
 at the commencement of the Revolution. He was a 
 republican* to such an enthusiasm as to express the wish 
 never to live beyond the age of seventy-five, and his de- 
 sire was granted. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1795. 
 He died in 1825, and the Ar. Co. attended his funeral 
 in citizen's dress. 
 
 * Still hU annual toast, Election day, was " May the Medford Brooks be 
 swelled higher by 50 per cent. 
 41
 
 322 
 
 " All recollect an old gentleman who died last year,* an honorary 
 member of the A. and H. Artillery, whose arm, on parade days, was 
 completely covered with strips of lace. This same man once loaded 
 a cannon in State street, to keep the regulars from landing, was 
 one of the ' unknown Indians' who threw the Tea overboard, took 
 an oath, forty years before his death, never to taste a drop of ardent 
 spirits, which, it is said, he never violated; wore a cocked hat, and 
 was a hatter by trade. He styled himself 'General.'" Some fur- 
 ther anecdotes of this eccentric man may be amusing. He was 
 small in stature, and lean in flesh as well as purse. In the latter part 
 of life, he would buy his fore quarter of poor lamb out of a butcher's 
 cart, and start from his shop. The Police Court lay in his way home. 
 He would hitch it on to some nail on the brick wall of the old Court 
 House, if he saw the Constables bringing up a lot of vagabonds for 
 trial, walk in and sit till the boys would tell him his larnb was roasted 
 by the sun and basted by the flies, when he would start in a jerk, as 
 if from a dream, and travel homeward. 
 
 In his early days, he was a rogue. To repeat his own story, he 
 once set his little furnace with coal in the street, to heat his hat iron, 
 on April fool day, a coal-cart passed by, a sturdy yeoman crying 
 *' charcoal," whose face was equally as black. Eaton caught a live 
 coal from his furnace and threw it into the coal-cart. The man 
 drove on, crying loudly. The boys soon began to gather, and bawl 
 out : " Mister, your coal-cart is on fire." " Darn it," said he, " you 
 aint agoing to make an April fool of me, Gee up, Elder who-haw, 
 Deacon charcoal !" Thus he went on through the principal streets, 
 and would not look behind, amidst the shouts of laughter of Eaton, 
 and the rest of the urchins ; his cart, in full blaze, at last was arrest- 
 ed by the Police officers and firewards. 
 
 WILLIAM WALKER, Milton. 
 
 LIEUT. STEPHEN GORE, Boston, leather-dresser. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM TODD, JR, Boston, housewright. 
 Died August IBth, 1822, aged 75. Tomb No. 101, on 
 the Common. 
 
 SAMUEL BELKNAP, Boston, shopkeeper. Died July, 
 1821, aged 70. 
 
 SAMUEL WILD. 
 
 * Boston News Letter, April 1st, 1826.
 
 323 
 
 JOHN HOWE, Boston, turner. An officer of Artificers 
 in the Revolution. Died November, 1823, aged 93 
 
 Artillery flection Sermon, 1773, by Simeon Howard, 
 Boston Gal. V. 1st. Printed. 
 
 1774. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL CALL, Boston^ housewright. Enr 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1791. Captain of Artificers in the 
 Revolution. He lived in Green street, and died much 
 beloved, August 18th, 1827, aged 82. Tomb No. 64, 
 on the Common. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH SPEAR, JR, Boston. A Captain in 
 Craft's Regiment. 
 
 THOMAS S. BOARDMAN, Boston, hatter. Died April 
 26th, 1828, aged 76. 
 
 LEMUEL ROBINSON, Dorchester. A revolutionary 
 officer. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN WISE, Boston, 
 
 BRIG. GEN. JACOB GILL, Milton. A revolutionary 
 officer. Elected Brig. General of the 1st Brigade, then 
 comprising Boston and the eastern part of Norfolk, and 
 1st Division, August 21st, 1797, and during his contin- 
 uance in office, Boston was constituted a Legionary 
 Brigade. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1774, by John Lathrop, 
 Boston Rom. XII. 18th. Printed. 
 
 In June, 1774, the Ar. Co. held their election, when the late Dr. 
 John Lathrop delivered an excellent and patriotic discourse. It is 
 related, that while Dr. Lathrop preached, British troops were in the 
 vicinity, and a sentry was placed on the pulpit stairs, lest any thing 
 rebellious should be expressed. One fact the compiler remembers, 
 viz : to have heard Dr. L. say, when he was accused of advancing 
 sentiments inimical to his country, that no one certainly could doubt 
 his patriotic spirit, for he had preached republicanism with a British
 
 324 
 
 sentry, armed, on the pulpit stairs, to watch what he said ; but he did 
 not mention the occasion. 
 
 No Artillery Sermon was preached after 1774, until June, 1787. 
 
 April, 1639, upon the restoration of order, Boston was organized 
 into a Regiment by itself. Some field officers may have been omit- 
 ted, and some dates of their commissions may be incorrect. I have 
 given the year when I first found the titles applied to them. All of 
 them were members of the Ar. Co. except two, down to the Revolu- 
 tion. From 1689 to the Revolution, the Province of Massachusetts 
 had only one Major General, and two only of these are known to 
 me, Wait Winthrop, appointed after Andross was deposed, and Wil- 
 liam Brattle, of Cambridge. 
 
 From April 3d, 1775, the Ar. Co. held no regular meetings, until 
 August, 1786. The intention of reviving it was kept alive, but no 
 effectual measures were taken until the summer of 1786, when Ma- 
 jor Bell, the Commander, elected June, 1774, convened the surviv- 
 ing members. Several of the officers and non-commissioned officers 
 of 1774, had died ; the Company therefore voted, that Capt. Bell 
 should remain in command until the next anniversary, June, 1787 ; 
 and they promoted the surviving officers regularly, filling vacancies 
 from the ranks. No admissions, therefore, took place during the 
 intermission. It was observed by Capt. Eaton, 1773, that, on its 
 revival, fifteen was the utmost number in the ranks. They soon 
 after appeared with full ranks; and, therefore, a few should never be 
 discouraged in their exertions to transmit the institution to posterity. 
 The increase, on its revival, is remarkable, fifty-three members be- 
 ing admitted in one year, among whom were many ornaments to the 
 town and State. 
 
 After the war, Massachusetts fell into a great apathy in military 
 affairs. The fortifications of Fort Hill were permitted to decay, and 
 much complaint was made. Such was the want of military ardor in 
 the metropolis, that the Executive, on the general election, 1786, 
 were escorted by the Roxbury Artillery, under Major Spooner. The 
 Centinel observes, that on that day Boston could not furnish twenty- 
 five men to wait upon the Executive, and that there was not a single 
 commissioned officer, or soldier. The Executive was escorted by the 
 Roxbury Artillery, July 4th, and on Commencement day following. A 
 sharp rebuke was published in the Centinel, July 5th, 1786, purport 
 ing to be an extract of a letter dated Roxbury, viz : " Our spirited 
 Company was once more called upon to act in a military character 
 yesterday, and accordingly marched into our luxurious metropolis. I 
 conclude, however, that this will be the last time we shall be called 
 upon, as I am told the ladies of the capital, seeing the effeminacy of
 
 325 
 
 the gentlemen of Boston, have come to a resolution to embody, equip 
 themselves in uniform, and form a brilliant military company." 
 
 These sarcasms touched the pride of Bostonians, and several mil- 
 itary associations were formed. Shays' insurrection in the autumn, 
 also, awakened the citizens. These things had a happy effect in the 
 second revival of the Ar. Co. The records, Oct. 27th, 1786, speak 
 thus upon the subject : " His Excellency the Captain General, by 
 the gentlemen Selectmen of Boston, applied to the Company (Ar. 
 Co.) for their aid in the present emergency of public affairs. The 
 Company immediately voted their readiness to exert themselves, in 
 every thing in their power, to support the Government of the Com- 
 monwealth, and to hold themselves in readiness, on the shortest no- 
 tice, to turn out in defence of the same." They were reviewed at 
 Faneuil Hall, the Saturday following, by the Governor, when they 
 appointed a Committee, agreeable to his Excellency's request, " to 
 find gentlemen who, upon the present emergency, would accept of 
 the command of the several companies of the militia of Boston." 
 The persons recommended by the Committee, accepted their ap- 
 pointments. The Ar. Co. made all the necessary arrangements for 
 active service ; Col. Waters was appointed Adjutant, and John War- 
 ren, M. D. Surgeon to the Company. The firmness and wisdom of 
 the government, the prompt and energetic measures adopted, pro- 
 duced the most happy effects; for the insurrection was speedily 
 crushed, before it had accumulated strength or unity sufficient to 
 endanger essentially the public welfare. 
 
 The present Corps of Independent Cadets, a revival of that found- 
 ed by Col. Pollard, was re-organized by a resolve of the Legislature, 
 Oct. 21st, 1786; and the late amiable and courteous Samuel Brad- 
 ford, Esq, elected Commander. Before the Revolution, they were 
 officered by a Colonel, Lieut. Colonel, and Major; and by the new 
 organization, still preserved, a Lieut. Col. Commandant, a first and 
 second Major, and an Adjutant with the rank of Captain. A Com- 
 pany of Light Infantry, called the Republican Volunteers, was insti- 
 tuted, and also a Light Infantry Company, whose first Commander 
 was Hon. Harrison G. Otis. These two corps are extinct. In rival- 
 ship to the Volunteers, the recent Company of Independent Fusil- 
 liers (originally called Massachusetts Fusilliers) was organized, 
 which has survived, under the name of Hancock Light Infantry. 
 Capt. William Turner was their first Captain ; Capt. Joseph Laugh- 
 ton, second ; Capt. John Brazier, the third. The Fusilliers were 
 created by resolve of the Legislature, and had the exclusive privilege 
 of four commissioned officers. Their uniform is elegant, and has 
 but little varied.
 
 326 
 
 The Centinel, Nov. 18th, 1786, observes : " The late commotions 
 in this State have awakened that spirit of military ambition, which 
 so nobly distinguished us in 1774 and 1775. In all parts of the 
 country, troops and companies of horse and foot are raising. In this 
 town (Boston) which, a few weeks since, had to lament the want of 
 a single company of soldiery, besides the standing militia, can now 
 produce four companies, almost the whole of which are completely 
 disciplined and equipped, viz : the Ancient and Honorable," &.c. as 
 above. " The Massachusetts Fusilliers is also now forming with 
 rapidity. Such a military spirit, through our Commonwealth, must 
 afford the highest satisfaction to every sincere friend and well-wisher 
 to our independence, and fully justifies the observation, that while 
 Massachusetts can boast of citizens, who profess a knowledge of 
 military affairs, and understand the use of arms, they can have noth- 
 ing to fear from foreign or domestic foes." 
 
 Sept. 4th, 1786, " for the first time since the commencement of 
 the late Revolution," says the Centinel, " the A. and H. Artillery 
 Company, commanded by Maj. Bell, paraded at the State House in 
 this town, and, preceded by a band of music, marched into the Com- 
 mon, where they performed a number of military exercises; after 
 which, they marched to Faneuil Hall, discharged a volley of small 
 arms, and finished the day much to their honor and the credit of the 
 town. It was gratifying to the real friends of this country, to see our 
 aged citizens, some of whom were nearly seventy years of age, 
 equipped in the accoutrements of soldiers, and setting an example to 
 the younger part of the community, that, should their country re- 
 quire their aid in the field, they might be found ready disciplined 
 and fit for immediate service." 
 
 The ancient respectability of the Ar. Co. attracted public atten- 
 tion. Many, who had borne high commissions in the Continental 
 Army, enrolled their names, and militia officers, generally, joined it. 
 The Company was revived at an important crisis, " and had the 
 honor," say their records, " of leading in the military duties of the 
 day the insurrection under Daniel Shays." 
 
 1786. 
 
 MAJ.^GEN. JOHN BROOKS, Medford, physician, the 
 first member admitted after the revival, was born at 
 Medford, June 6th, 1752. Having received the prepar- 
 atory education of that period, he studied medicine with 
 a respectable physician at Medford, and commenced
 
 327 
 
 practice at Reading, at the age of twenty-one ; but he 
 relinquished it from 1775 to 1783, when he returned 
 from the public service, with a well-earned fame, and 
 resumed his professional pursuits in his native town and 
 vicinity, and for years practised with reputation and 
 success. In 1781, he received the honorary degree of 
 A. M. at Yale College, and in 1787, at Harvard, where, 
 in 1810, he was further complimented with the degree 
 of M. D. and in 1816, of L. L. D. In 1786, he was 
 elected a Fellow, and afterwards a Counsellor, of the 
 Mass. Med. Society. In 1793, he was chosen a mem- 
 ber of the Am. Acad. of Arts and Sciences. In 1795, 
 he was one of the Medical Committee of the University 
 on the Boylston prize questions. 
 
 During the Revolution, his benevolent endeavors to 
 ameliorate the calamities of war, pointed him out as a 
 proper presiding officer of the society of Free Masons 
 in the Massachusetts line of the army, and in 1780 he 
 pronounced an oration at West Point, in the presence 
 of Gen. Washington, and before the largest assembly of 
 that fraternity which had ever convened.* In 1787, he 
 delivered the first oration before the Society of Cincin- 
 nati, of which he was many years President ;f 1792, an 
 address to the Middlesex Medical Association ; 1795, a 
 discourse before the Humane Society ; 1800, an eulogy 
 at Medford, on the character of Gen. Washington ; and, 
 1 802, the annual dissertation to the Mass. Med. Society. 
 
 Gen. Brooks began his military life by commanding 
 a company t>f volunteers, raised in Reading, at the com- 
 mencement of the Revolution. He marched to Con- 
 cord, at the head of his company, and participated in 
 
 * About 5000 walked in procession at the laying of the corner stone of the Bun- 
 ker Hill Monument, and at the laying the corner stone of the Masonic Temple, in 
 Common street, including all grades and orders. 
 
 t Only three other orations have been delivered in Massachusetts, before that 
 Society, viz: Gen. Hull, 1788; Dr. S. Whitwell, 1789, and Col. William Tndor, 
 1790.
 
 328 
 
 the battle of Lexington. He was afterwards appointed 
 Major in a regiment of Minute Men, and, at the age of 
 twenty-two, a field officer in the Continental line, and 
 rose to the rank of Lieut. Colonel. At the close of the 
 war he was discharged, with the brevet commission of 
 Colonel.* The regiment was first called Jackson's 
 Regiment, after their Colonel, and gained the camp 
 name of the bloody eighth, the fast in, and the last out 
 of battle. This regiment took a distinguished part in 
 the battle of Saratoga, and was then, and during most 
 of the war, commanded by Col. Brooks. After the 
 evacuation of Boston, he marched to New York, and 
 was actively engaged in the battle of White Plains. In 
 the memorable battle of Monmouth, he was Adjutant 
 General of the advanced column of the army. When 
 Baron Steuben was made Inspector General, Lieut. Col. 
 Brooks, at the recommendation of Washington, (who 
 had before recommended him to the Provincial Con- 
 gress for as high a commission as they could, consist- 
 ently with his age, give,) was appointed an Inspector 
 General under the Baron. 
 
 Upon the organization of the militia, after the war, 
 he was appointed Major General of the Middlesex 
 Division, Which office he held ten years. In the sup- 
 pression of the insurrection under Shays, he was actively 
 engaged. During the late war with Great Britain, 1812, 
 Gen. Brooks sustained the arduous and important office 
 of Adjutant General of Massachusetts, which office he 
 held until 1816, when he was elected, by 49,578 of his 
 fellow citizens, Governor. Seven years successively he 
 filled the Chair of State, with dignity, impartiality and 
 energy, when he voluntarily declined. 
 
 When the Federal Constitution was adopted by Mas- 
 sachusetts, Gen. Brooks was in the Convention. He 
 
 *The Confederation could give no other pay than honor.
 
 329 
 
 was first Marshal of Massachusetts, appointed by Wash- 
 ington. When Gen. Washington accepted the office of 
 Lieut. General of the American Armies, by the appoint- 
 ment of President Adams, he selected John Brooks as 
 his first Brig. General. He has also sustained the of- 
 fices of Representative, Senator, Councillor, and Elec- 
 tor of President and Vice President. It may be asked, 
 why enumerate these things ? It was asked at the can- 
 vass for his first election as Governor, tauntingly by 
 his opposers, Who is John Brooks ? An obscure indi- 
 vidual, was the answer from the same press. His modest 
 mind made no pretensions to excellency, self-taught, 
 he won his way by worth of character, purity, fortitude, 
 prudence not parsimony, for he was poor, nor creep- 
 ing servility, he always maintained an erect attitude, 
 and never bent his brow to a plebeian's girdle, except 
 in kindness. He was possessed of a nobleness of mind 
 too large to do a little thing, and too elevated to do a 
 mean one. His townsmen, his warmest friends, com- 
 plained at his acceptance of the Gubernatorial Chair, 
 for it deprived them, in a degree, of his kind and valu- 
 able medical assistance, and it was not unfrequent that 
 he was called, after laborious service at the Council 
 Chamber in Boston, to visit and comfort his sick neigh- 
 bors an act he was never too much fatigued to per- 
 form, gratuitously. 
 
 The Ar. Co. have twice been honored by him as 
 Commander, 1787, 1794; and he continued a member 
 to his decease. It is not from want of inclination, that 
 that we do not enlarge upon the virtues and services of 
 this patriot of the Revolution. In the language of the 
 Rev. Mr. Deane, in his Artillery Sermon, 1816, the first 
 public appearance of Gen. Brooks as Governor : " Here 
 we behold the wise and virtuous ruler in the midst of 
 his subjects ; like the father of a family, inspiring love 
 and respect by his presence, deriving the strength of his
 
 330 
 
 government from his sacred regard to their happiness, 
 and receiving from them the homage of the heart, and 
 not of compulsion." He had two gallant sons ; one 
 was a distinguished officer in the U. S. Army the 
 other fell gloriously fighting the battle of his country on 
 Lake Erie. He probably caught a severe cold, while 
 attending the funeral of his successor, Gov. Eustiss, 
 whom he survived but a few days. He died at Medford, 
 March 1st, 1825, aged 73, and was buried March 3d 
 following, without ostentation. The travelling was very 
 bad. Medford appeared clad in mourning all busi- 
 ness was suspended the shops were closed. His body 
 was carried into the meeting-house, which was filled by 
 his townsfolk, of all ages and both sexes, and strangers 
 of distinction. Above ninety of the Ar. Co. under Col. 
 Gibbens, in citizen's dress, attended his funeral. It was 
 solemn to see them march, single file, up the broad aisle, 
 and stop to take a last look of their beloved member ; 
 and the sacred tear started involuntarily from the firm- 
 est of them, as they moved onWard. A well-written 
 character of him is in the Centinel of March 5th, 1 825 ; 
 also, Quarterly Review, XIV. 1842. 
 
 CALEB DAVIS, ESQ, Boston. Deacon. Speaker of 
 the House 1780. Died July 6th, 1797, aged 59. Tomb 
 No. 123, on the Common. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN LUCAS, Boston, baker. In old age he 
 married a celebrated preceptress of Hingham Academy ; 
 but, with all her accomplishments, she failed to render 
 him happy. He gave, in his will, to Judge Dawes an 
 estate in Court street, worth $ 10,000, for his early 
 friendship. 
 
 COL. JOHN MAY, Boston, merchant. An owner of 
 May's Wharf. Whence he derived his title of Colonel, 
 is unknown. Representative, and many years a Select- 
 man.
 
 331 
 MAJ. ROBERT DAVIS, Boston, merchant. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. JOHN WINSLOW, a native of Boston ; born 
 Sept. 29th, 1753, and educated a merchant. His father's 
 name was Joshua, and, as Col. Edward, 1700, had a 
 son of that name, I conclude he was his grandfather. 
 His father died before he arrived of age, and left him to 
 launch forth on the world to seek his fortune. Col. 
 Edward's portrait, in elegant military costume, is now 
 preserved in the family. 
 
 At the age of twenty-two he entered the Revolutionary 
 Army, as Deputy Paymaster General, and rank of Lieu- 
 tenant, in the Northern Department. He joined the 
 army at Quebec, under Gen. Montgomery, and was in 
 the battle. June 8th, 1777, he received a commission 
 as Captain of Artillery, and was placed under the com- 
 mand of Maj. Ebenezer Stevens, late a Maj. General in 
 New York. He was in the battle which resulted in the 
 capture of Burgoyne, and one of those who took the 
 account of stores, &c. found in his camp ; and also had 
 the charge of many prisoners. He was afterwards sta- 
 tioned at West Point, and White Plains. When the 
 American Army was retreating, under Gen. Wooster, 
 from Quebec, and the enemy close upon their heels, he 
 saved the public chest, and lost his own baggage and 
 wardrobe, as valuable as any officer's in the line. He 
 was thus left destitute of clothing, not having sufficient 
 to change his linen for thirty-five days. He received, 
 on the settlement of his accounts as Paymaster the 
 foot of which was $865,700 81 a certificate from the 
 Paymaster General, wherein his conduct was highly ap- 
 proved ; and, it was said, he was almost the only Pay- 
 master who had faithfully accounted for the public 
 moneys. He was at the battle of Ticonderoga, and 
 when the army, under Gen. Sinclair, retreated from 
 that place, he again saved the books and property en-
 
 332 
 
 trusted to his care, and lost most of his own. He was 
 soon after relieved, and settled his second account 
 $104,518. 
 
 Nov. 5th, 1778, he was honorably discharged, at his 
 own request. When the militia of Boston was organ- 
 ized, he was elected a Major, and soon Colonel. March 
 21st, 1799, he was elected Brig. General of ihe Legion- 
 ary Brigade. In 1809, he was chosen Maj. General, 
 but did not accept, ajid immediately resigned his office 
 of Brig. General. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1788; 
 Captain 1792 and 1798. He was many years Fire- 
 ward, and President of the Board of Health Treasu- 
 rer of the Ar. Co. and Cincinnati, and often Repre- 
 sentative. In 1810, he lost his property by an un- 
 expected failure, and his embarrassments continued 
 during life. His integrity and honor were never ques- 
 tioned, and the people placed him, seven years succes- 
 sively, in the responsible office of County Treasurer, to 
 his death, Nov. 29th, 1819. The fidelity with which he 
 discharged its duties, induced his constituents to pro- 
 nounce him the best Treasurer that had ever filled the 
 office. 
 
 As a neighbor and friend, he was zealous and char- 
 itable frequently employed by the rich to bestow their 
 secret alms upon the virtuous poor. He was not, by 
 talent or education, a great man, but formed by nature 
 an upright one. The numerous instances of being 
 guardian, referee, &c. prove his integrity. He was 
 prompt, but prudent ; rigid, but not austere ; independ- 
 ent, yet popular ; shrinking from public honors, yet de- 
 serving them ; fearless in the discharge of public, social 
 and moral duties, yet amiable and beloved by all. The 
 composure with which he met his troubles, and even 
 saw the approach of death, show the sterling value of 
 his heart and mind. He never communicated his trou- 
 bles, because it might disturb others ; but rather suffer-
 
 333 
 
 ed them to gnaw upon him in secret, while the world 
 supposed him cheerful. In his family, he was spotless, 
 kind and affectionate ; his fireside was the seat of hos- 
 pitality, his home the mansion of happiness. He was 
 buried in his tomb, near the centre of the Chapel ground, 
 the Ar. Co. in citizen's dress, preceding the corpse. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM CUNNINGHAM. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOSHUA FARRINGTON, Boston. Died at 
 Trinidad, February, 1792. 
 
 CAPT. ALEXANDER HODGDON, Boston. Died atDed- 
 ham, 1797, aged 56. Treasurer of State, 1787. 
 
 ISAAC DAVENPORT. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM BROWN, Boston, merchant ; resided 
 at the famous " Green Stores," once a place of exten- 
 sive business. Deacon of Hollis street Church. Rep- 
 resentative and Senator. A man of common education, 
 but of strong mind ; popular and much respected. Al- 
 though not a frequent or elegant speaker, yet his mild 
 manner and perfect knowledge of human nature, ren- 
 dered him a powerful legislator. He long prevented 
 the erection of South Boston Free Bridge, while his in- 
 genuity circumvented his adversaries, and obtained the 
 bridge above, near his own property, and originated the 
 building of Front street.* 
 
 BRIG, GEN. AMASA DAVIS, Boston, merchant. Cap- 
 tain of the Ar. Co. 1795, while Colonel. Quarter-Mas- 
 ter General of the State many years. A gentleman of 
 fortune, given to hospitality. There is a tradition that 
 the Ar. Co. presented him with a sword. On the anni- 
 versary which closed his year's service, he presented, by 
 the hands of his daughter, Miss Catherine Davis, the Ar. 
 Co, with an elegant standard, that presented by Capt. 
 Barrett being defaced. He died at Boston, Jan. 30th, 
 
 * 1841, Harrison Avenue.
 
 334 
 
 1825, aged 82, and the corps attended his funeral, in 
 citizen's dress. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN COOLIDGE, Boston. 
 
 SAMUEL EMERY. 
 
 RICHARD GARDNER. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM BOARDMAN, JR, Boston, merchant. 
 
 ANDREW OLIVER, Boston. Member of O. S. Church. 
 
 LIEUT. ZECHARIAH HICKS, Boston, saddler. Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1791. Representative. He is 
 now living, (1842) one of the oldest inhabitants, highly 
 respected. 
 
 THOMAS NEWELL, JR. 
 
 SAMUEL GREENOUGH, Boston. He died at Dorches- 
 ter, August 22d, 1796, aged 48. .^ f 
 
 JAMES LANMAN, Boston. Deacon. 
 
 JONATHAN BALCH, Boston, pump and block maker. 
 Owner of Balch's wharf. A member of O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. HENRY PRENTISS. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH COFFIN BOYD, Boston, merchant. Re- 
 moved to Portland, where he was Captain of the Vol- 
 unteers, and died May, 1 823, aged 63, while Treasurer 
 of Maine. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL HASTINGS, Boston, painter. Mem- 
 ber of O. S. Church. 
 
 LIEUT. RUSSELL STURGISS, Boston, merchant. Died 
 Sept. 7th, 1826, aged 76. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL TODD, Boston, housewright. He lived 
 in Cole Lane (Portland street.) Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1793, Captain 1797. He was the first armorer who 
 took charge of the company equipments in Faneuil Hall. 
 He died a member at an advanced age, March 31st, 1815.
 
 335' 
 
 Tomb No. 101, on the Common. The Ar. Co. at- 
 tended his funeral in citizen's dress. He was much be- 
 loved. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS WELLS, Boston. 
 JONAS CLARKE MINOTT. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN JOHNSTON, Boston ; Ensign of the Ar. 
 Co. 1788, Lieutenant 1790. 
 
 SAMUEL GORE, Boston, painter ; brother of Gov. 
 Gore. He was one of the mechanics, who obtained, 
 secured and sent out of Boston, when in the hands of 
 the British, at the commencement of the Revolution, 
 the only two cannon then in the country, except what 
 had been brought here by the British. He was one of 
 those who on 16th Dec. 1773, proceeded to the tea 
 ships, at Liverpool (then Griffin's) wharf, and destroy- 
 ed their cargoes.* He died at Boston, Nov. 16th, 
 1831, aged 80. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN BRAZER, Boston, shopkeeper, (some- 
 times miscalled Major.) Third Captain of the Inde- 
 pendent Fusilliers; Engign of the Ar. Co. 1794. He 
 was an excentric character, a violent partizan, wealthy, 
 and a great patron of the drama. He was the princi- 
 pal originator of the 2d Universalist Church, School 
 street, and died at Boston, May 7th, 1828, aged 75. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH FORD, Boston ; died Nov. 1797, 
 aged 56. 
 
 CAPT. TURNER PHILLIPS, Boston, merchant; brother 
 of Major James, 1790; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1789, 
 several years Chairman of the Selectmen. He died at 
 Boston, Sept. 13, 1836, aged 81 ; a very intelligent 
 and respectable citizen, who held various offices of 
 responsibility, public and private. 
 
 * Col. Centinel, Nov. 26th, 1831, obituary.
 
 336 
 
 MAJ. ANDREW CUNNINGHAM, Boston, merchant, son 
 of Capt. James, 1761, was born in Boston, Feb. 16th, 
 1760. The latter part of his life he confined himself 
 to the business of insurance. He was many years a 
 Fireward. How he gained his military title I am una- 
 ble to state. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1789; Cap- 
 tain, 1793. The year following Gen. Brooks was se- 
 lected to succeed him, and wished his services as Order- 
 ly, and the Company accordingly chose him. He died 
 at Roxbury, August, 1829, aged 69. 
 
 HON. JOHN AVERT, JR, ESQ, Boston, Secretary of 
 State from 1780 to 1806. He graduated at Har. Col. 
 1759. Deacon of West Church, and died at Boston, 
 June 7, 1806, aged 67. 
 
 PEPPERELL TYLER, Boston. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. BENJAMIN LINCOLN, a native of Hingham, 
 yeoman ; born Jan. 23d, (O. S.) 1733, in the house in 
 which he died.* His father had the sarne name, a far- 
 mer, which occupation Gen. L. followed till more than 
 forty years old. He enjoyed no advantages of early ed- 
 ucation, proportioned to the eminence which he attain- 
 ed. The native force and perspicuity of his mind, and 
 his happy disposition, contributed to his superiority over 
 multitudes. He owed something to culture, and much 
 to circumstances. He was many years Town Clerk, 
 Magistrate, and Representative 1773, '4, '5, '88, '9. 
 His first military office was Adjutant of the 3d Regi- 
 ment in Suffolk, July, 1755, and he was Lieut. Colonel 
 January, 1772, when the war broke out. He was a 
 member of the Provincial Congress assembled in 1775, 
 at Concord, Cambridge and Watertown, and a sincere, 
 determined, though temperate Whig. 
 
 Upon the news of the battles of Lexington and Con- 
 
 * Extracted from a pamphlet, said to have been written by President Kirkland. 
 See the Hist. Coll. of Mass, and Lincoln's Hist, of Hingham.
 
 337 
 
 cord, he summoned the military under his command, 
 with a view of repairing to the scene of action. The 
 return of the royal troops to Boston the same night, 
 prevented his marching. He was appointed a Briga- 
 dier, February, 1776, and Maj. General in May, and 
 much employed in disciplining the militia. On the 2d 
 of August following, he was appointed to command the 
 troops of the State doing duty at and near the harbor of 
 Boston. The impression entertained of his military tal- 
 ents, and his influence with the militia, led the General 
 Court, in September, to give him the command of the 
 regiments to be raised by the State to reinforce the 
 army under the Commander-in-Chief, at New York and 
 New Jersey, which had now become the seat of the war. 
 Feb. 1 1th, he arrived at Gen. Washington's camp. The 
 Commander-in-Chief, while at Cambridge and Boston, 
 had become acquainted with him, and recommended 
 him to Congress as an excellent officer, whom it was 
 desirable to place in the Continental line. Accordingly, 
 soon after he joined the army in February, 1777, he was 
 created a Major General by Congress. The calm cour- 
 age and good judgment of Lincoln were always evident. 
 He was first attached to the Northern Army, under Gen. 
 Schuyler, and afterwards under Gen. Gates. He was 
 severely wounded, during the campaign, in the leg, 
 which caused his removal first to Albany, and after- 
 wards to Hingham. He was not able to take the field 
 till August 7th ; his restoration was not complete, how- 
 ever, till long afterwards. 
 
 No inconsiderable share in the success of the North- 
 ern Army, in the capture of Burgoyne, had been al- 
 ways ascribed to Gen. Lincoln. His excellent character 
 as a man, and his military reputation, induced the Del- 
 egates from South Carolina to request Congress to ap- 
 point him to the chief command in the Southern depart- 
 ment. He arrived at Charleston early in December,
 
 338 
 
 1778. His campaigns in the Southern department were 
 meritorious, but unsuccessful, and ended in the surren- 
 der of Charleston, May 12th, 1780, when he was taken 
 prisoner. He was admitted to his parole, and in the 
 summer returned to Hingham. In November following 
 he was, to his great joy, exchanged. 
 
 On the commencement of the campaign of 1781, 
 Gen. Lincoln joined the army under Washington, occu- 
 pying the high grounds on the North River, with a view 
 to operations against New York. Before the end of 
 the summer, the plan of the campaign was changed, 
 and the movements of the army directed against Lord 
 Cornwallis, in Virginia. Our General commanded a 
 central division at the siege of Yorktown, and had his 
 full share oT the honor of that brilliant and auspicious 
 event. The articles of capitulation stipulated for the 
 same honors in favor of the surrendering army as had 
 been granted to the garrison of Charleston. Gen. Lin- 
 coln was appointed to conduct them to the field where 
 the arms were deposited, and receive the customary 
 submission. 
 
 Oct. 31st, 1781, he was chosen Secretary at War, 
 with power to retain his rank in the army, residing at 
 Philadelphia, till October, 1783, when he resigned. 
 Having thus laid down the load of public cares, he re- 
 tired with heartfelt pleasure to the repose of private life. 
 His military service had not increased his property, and 
 he resumed his farm. Neither his circumstances nor 
 disposition would permit him to be idle. Although 
 he had intended to avoid any public employments, he 
 was persuaded to take command of the first Division of 
 the Militia of the State. He was willing, with other 
 distinguished officers of the late army, to make a con- 
 siderable sacrifice to preserve to the community the 
 benefit of the military knowledge acquired by the ex- 
 perience of the war.
 
 339 
 
 In 1786-7, the insurrection took place in Massachu- 
 setts. Gen. Lincoln was appointed to command the 
 militia between four and five thousand detached to 
 restore order. He was selected as Commissioner, with 
 others, in negotiations with different Indian tribes, and 
 in one with the Creeks, 1789, on the Southern frontier, 
 he had the pleasure of meeting Gen. Washington, for 
 the first time since 1783, stopping at Mount Vernon on 
 his way. His aid was solicited in framing the first mil- 
 itia law of the United States, and when the Committee 
 had the subject under consideration, he introduced a 
 clause to preserve the ancient privileges and customs of 
 such independent corps as were then created by charter 
 or otherwise. Gen. Blount, of Carolina, one of the 
 Committee, was vehemently opposed to any such 
 clause, when Gen. Lincoln stated the origin and claims 
 of the Ancient and Honorable. Blount, in a passion 
 and with a sneer, exclaimed " And, pray, who in h 1 
 commands this Ancient and Honorable ?" Gen. Lin- 
 coln calmly replied " Your very humble servant." 
 This put Blount and his adherents to silence, and the 
 clause was included in the act. Thus the original 
 charter, usages, and privileges of the Ar. Co. are con- 
 firmed by Congress. 
 
 In April, 1787, Gen. Lincoln had a plurality of votes 
 for Lieut. Governor, and was elected by the Legislature. 
 He was a member of the Convention for ratifying the 
 new Constitution, and in 1789 was made Collector of 
 Boston, which office he held till within two years of his 
 death, when his earnest desire to resign was complied 
 with by Mr. Jefferson. In this station he acquitted him- 
 self with judgment, fidelity and success, never forgetting 
 his allegiance to the government, and never giving 
 cause to any to complain of the insolence of office. 
 
 The University gave him, in 1780, the honorary de- 
 gree of Master of Arts. He was one of the first mem-
 
 340 
 
 bers of the Am. Acad. of Arts and Sciences, and the 
 Mass. Hist. Society, who have an elegant portrait of 
 him, in military costume ; and he contributed in their 
 collections published. He was President of the Cin- 
 cinnati from its foundation to his decease, and Com- 
 mander of the Ar. Co. June, 1788. 
 
 " The interval between his resignation as Collector and his death, 
 passed in much serenity. He daily experienced the increasing 
 weight of years, but without any severe pain. After a short attack 
 of disease, he expired on the 9th May, 1810, aged 77 years. 
 
 "In Gen. Lincoln's character, strength and softness, the estimable 
 and amiable qualities, were happily blended. His mind was quick 
 and active, yet discriminating and sound. He displayed a fund of 
 thought and information, derived from select, though limited reading, 
 from careful observation of men and things, and from conversation, 
 He was patient and cool in deliberation ; in execution, prompt and 
 vigorous ; conspicuous for plain, strict, inflexible integrity, united, 
 however, with prudence, candor, a liberal and compassionate dispo 
 sition. He had, it was said, by constitution, strong passions, but 
 they were so disciplined by reason and religion, and qualified and 
 counteracted by good sentiments and generous feelings, that they 
 never betrayed him into any extravagance, nor suffered him to give 
 way to any impulse of anger. He knew how to exercise command 
 without exciting aversion. Paying deference to the rights and feel- 
 ings of others, whether present or absent, his own were not likely to 
 suffer injury or insult. He was always an early riser, temperate in 
 his habits, frugal without parsimony, diligent and methodical in his 
 business. He believed in the preponderance of good in the human 
 condition ; often mentioning particularly the resources and comforts 
 accommodated to the successive periods of life, as affording proofs 
 of the goodness of the Creator. He thought gratitude, acquiescence 
 and hope a tribute, at all times due to a wise and benevolent Provi- 
 dence. He was called to encounter adversity in different forms ; 
 some of which were of a nature to dishearten an ordinary man ; but 
 his fortitude and equanimity never forsook him, and he always main- 
 tained an erect attitude. 
 
 "As a military commander, he was judicious, brave, determined, 
 indefatigable. His distinguished merit in this character was never 
 denied ; whilst all have not agreed in opinion upon some of his plans 
 in the Southern command. Being a soldier of the Revolution, he 
 had to anticipate the effect of experience, and might commit mis-
 
 takes. He was surrounded by difficulties : he met extraordinary dis- 
 appointments in his calculations upon supplies and succors. In the 
 principal instances which issued unfortunately the storming of Sa- 
 vannah and the siege of Charleston he had but a choice of evils ; 
 and which ever way he decided, the course rejected would have 
 seemed, to many persons, more eligible. He had true courage, with- 
 out rashness. His calmness in danger seemed like unconcern; but 
 he affirmed that he never was exposed without feeling deeply inter- 
 ested in his own life and the lives of others. 
 
 " In civil functions, he took the plain way of probity and patriot- 
 ism, not despising popular favor, but never pursuing it as an end, and 
 never thinking it an equivalent for the sacrifice of principle. By the 
 change of political parties in the Commonwealth, his agency in sup- 
 porting the laws and suppressing the insurrection came, at one time, 
 to be considered as demerit, and the office of Lieut. Governor, when 
 held by him, was, by this sinister influence, deprived of the limited 
 salary which the Second Magistrate of the State had always before 
 received. He was a Federalist of the Washington school. From 
 1801, the party which had opposed the Federal Administration, held 
 the supreme power. He experienced the sense entertained by the 
 community of his services, in being suffered to retain his office of 
 Collector. 
 
 " Religion exerted its full influence over the mind and conduct of 
 Gen. Lincoln. He was a Christian of the anti-sectarian, catholic, 
 or liberal sect, firm in his faith, serious and affectionate in his piety, 
 without superstition, fanaticism, or austerity. He was from early 
 manhood a communicant, and for a great part of his life a Deacon 
 of the Church. He never shunned an avowal of his belief, nor feared 
 to appear what he was, nor permitted the reality of his convictions 
 to remain in doubt. But, avoiding ostentation and bitterness, think- 
 ing the excellence of the tree more apparent in the fruit than the 
 leaves, and being a good man the best proof of being a good Christian, 
 he was able to reconcile fidelity to his religion with the spirited and 
 graceful exercise of his military functions and all the offices of civil 
 and social life. Amidst the license so common in armies, no pro- 
 fane expression or irreverent sally escaped his lips; and no stain 
 came upon the purity of his life. 
 
 " The person and air of Gen. Lincoln betokened his military vo- 
 cation. He was of middle height, erect, muscular, with open, intel- 
 ligent features, a venerable and benign aspect. His manners were 
 easy and unaffected, but courteous and polite. lie delighted in 
 children, and made himself loved by them. He admitted young per- 
 sons of merit to his intimacy ; let them into his sentiments on inter-
 
 342 
 
 esting subjects, and was forward to aid their reputation and advance- 
 ment in the world. He had a high relish for the pleasures of con- 
 versation, in which he hore his part with good sense, delicate raillery, 
 anecdote, and always a moral vein. His house was the seat of real 
 hospitality. The accession to his income, during the last twenty 
 years of his life, was applied to a decent provision for his advancing 
 age, to the increase of his charities, and to the benefit of his numer- 
 ous family. He twice made a distribution of considerable sums 
 among his children. As they had good habits, and knew the use of 
 property, he thought it was unnecessary to leave their claims to be 
 answered by his executor. He lived in great conjugal happiness 
 with the wife of his youth more than fifty-five years, and had sons 
 and daughters, in whom, and in their descendants, he found the 
 greatest solace. May the principles and virtues of such men be ex- 
 emplified in successive generations in our country, that the blessings 
 purchased by the wisdom and valor of the fathers may be inherited by 
 the children to the latest time." 
 
 LIEUT. EDWARD CURTIS. 
 
 COL. EBENEZER BRATTLE. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS CLARK, Boston, merchant ; son of 
 Rev. Jonas, of Lexington, grandson of Ensign Jonas, 
 1756 ; was born at Lexington, Sept. 27th, 1759. The 
 first time Capt. C. put on a military coat, was to join 
 with the Cadets in firing a salute on the news of the 
 capture of Burgoyne's army. The custom had been, 
 when a new Governor arrived from England, to present 
 the Cadet corps with a new standard. When Gov. 
 Gage arrived, Hancock was Commander of the Cadets, 
 and Gage presented a standard; but, as soon as he 
 found out the spirit of Hancock, he dismissed him 
 from the command, and ordered a new choice. The 
 Company met and disbanded themselves by vote, and 
 returned the standard to Gov. Gage. In this the Tories 
 joined with the Whigs. After this, the members occa- 
 sionally met. Afterwards, a new company of volun- 
 teers was raised; Col. Henry Jackson was Captain, 
 Benjamin Hichbon Lieutenant, and Perez Morton En- 
 sign called the Independent Company, and went to
 
 343 
 
 Newport, R. 1. on service. Capt. Clark belonged to 
 them. He joined the Ar. Co. on its revival ; was elect- 
 ed its Lieutenant 1792, Captain 1796, and many years 
 Clerk, till 1809. 
 
 Upon the death of the venerable William Cooper, 
 Town Clerk of Boston half a century, there were nu- 
 merous popular candidates, of both parties. This cre- 
 ated a warm struggle. Capt. Clark had become infirm, 
 and realized little from his business of auctioneer, to 
 support his large family. Just before the election, a few 
 friends suggested him as a candidate, with little hope of 
 success ; but no sooner was his name announced, than 
 the Ar. Co. members and past members rallied to his 
 support, from all parties, and elected him by a decided 
 majority over all. After that, he was elected without 
 opposition until the organization of the City Govern- 
 ment, when he was Assistant Clerk. He had a salary, 
 $750, and the perquisite of marriage publishment fees, 
 said to amount to $1000 annually. He died at Boston, 
 
 May, 1832, aged 72. 
 
 
 
 Soon after the revival of military spirit, 1786, a company of Cav- 
 alry was. raised in Boston, and the first commander was Rufus G. 
 Amory, Esq, a distinguished lawyer in Boston. This company, 
 however, was long ago disbanded. Another troop of horse was soon 
 raised, called the Boston Dragoons, which was recently disbanded : 
 their first Commander was Capt. Henry Purkitt, a cooper, who had 
 served as a Sergeant in Pulaski's corps of Cavalry, in the Revolu- 
 tion. As the population and wealth of the metropolis increased, the 
 disposition to institute other corps may be attributed to the military 
 ambition excited by the public ceremonies of the Ar. Co. 
 
 No Artillery Election Sermon this year, (1786.) 
 
 1787. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM DALL, Boston, merchant. Died Sept. 
 18th, 1829, aged 76. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GREEN, Boston. Died at Cambridge- 
 port, June 24th, 1826, aged 67.
 
 344 
 
 WILLIAM SHATTUCK. 
 
 JOHN FENNO, Boston. Member of O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. JEREMIAH WILLIAMS. 
 
 LIEUT. EZRA WHTNEY, Boston. 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM BIRD. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM CALL. 
 
 CAPT. LEMUEL GARDNER, Boston, cooper. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1792; Lieutenant 1799; Captain 1803. 
 He lived at a time of prosperity among mechanics in 
 Boston, who, earning their money easy, lived gener- 
 ously. He belonged to a set, very hospitable, whose 
 sideboards were loaded with plate, and who brought up 
 their families in expensive style. They were enterpris- 
 ing, ready to promote all public improvements, firm 
 friends, carried a great sway in public, sung good songs, 
 and seldom had a heavy heart or felt want. A member 
 of the Old South Church. 
 
 DAVID HATCH. 
 PHINEAS DANA. 
 
 BENJAMIN COBB, JR, Boston. Admitted a member of 
 the church while young. He was a worthy, industrious 
 and respectable man, having a large family. 
 
 CAPT. PETER PARKER. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1787, by John Clarke, 
 Boston Isaiah IV. 5th. 
 
 1788. 
 
 MAJ. JOHN BRAY, Boston, cooper, was born in Bos- 
 ton, August 4th, 1761, and served apprentice at Boston 
 and Charlestown. He had twelve children, one of 
 whom was the compiler's first wife. Commencing life 
 poor, he acquired by his industry an independence. He
 
 345 
 
 was a culler and packer of fish having, at one time, 
 eighteen journeymen and apprentices on Spear's 
 wharf, which he owned. As one of the three weighers 
 and gangers in the Custom House, who were then paid 
 by fees, I have heard him say that his share, on one oc- 
 casion, was $750 for a month. After Gen. Lincoln re- 
 signed, he was removed by his successor, for his politi- 
 cal opinions, and lived at ease on his income. Having 
 had small advantages of education, which he always 
 lamented, he balanced it by providing the best education 
 for his children. He was passionate, but never vindic- 
 tive, and his sudden transitions were peculiar. His house 
 was the hospitable resort of old and young, whose en- 
 joyment he delighted to witness, and he was charitable 
 and kind to his poor neighbors. 
 
 In August, (1821,) he, attended by his wife, was robbed on the 
 Medford Turnpike, by the notorious Martin, of 14 and his gold re- 
 peating watch, which led to his discovery. Martin rode up to his 
 chaise on horseback, presented a horse-pistol to his breast^ and de- 
 manded his money and watch, which he gave him. Mrs. Bray wore 
 a gold watch also, and she asked if he wanted hers, when he an- 
 swered, he robbed gentlemen only. Maj. B. became anxious to have 
 him reprieved, his sentence commuted, or even pardoned, and was 
 much distressed at the idea of his testimony being the means of 
 taking life. On the day of execution he had determined to visit 
 him ; his family remonstrated, and watched him, yet he eluded their 
 vigilance, and was prevented by some acquaintance from rushing into 
 the crowd around the scaffold. He had, up to this time, been cor- 
 pulent ; but, before his death, he became extremely emaciated. His 
 mind, also, was greatly shaken. Conviviality was no longer agreea- 
 ble to him, and the pleasures of company were so irksome, that his 
 festive board was less frequently spread, until wholly laid aside. 
 
 The only civil office he ever held was that of Select- 
 man. He was a founder of the North End Artillery, 
 called the Columbian Artillery, and elected its first 
 senior Lieutenant. He succeeded Col. R. Gardner as 
 its Captain, and was promoted Major of the Sub-legion 
 
 44
 
 346 
 
 of Artillery. This office he held but one year. He was 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1793 ; Lieutenant 1798, and con- 
 tinued a valuable member to his death. He desired that 
 his funeral should be private. He left a valuable prop- 
 erty, and died August 12th, 1829, aged 68. 
 
 If J were to indulge my own feelings and they are 
 certainly disinterested, for my wife, his daughter, died 
 long before him I should stop to pay a tribute of 
 affection to his memory ; for he was ever a generous, 
 open-hearted opponent a firm and lasting friend ; and 
 many acts of benevolence and sympathy, with his disin- 
 terested advice and confidence, endeared him to me. 
 
 LIEUT. ELIJAH WILLIAMS. 
 
 ELISHA SIGOURNEY, Boston, merchant. A man of 
 strong mind and high sense of honor scrupulously hon- 
 est, indefatigable in business. Many of his acts of kind- 
 ness were so abruptly* communicated as to be unthank- 
 fully received. He was in his day much relied upon for 
 his judgment, and died highly esteemed. He directed 
 that his funeral should be private, in the morning, before 
 breakfast, and he was buried accordingly, on one of 
 the islands. He was a descendant of a French refugee 
 Protestant of that name, who came to Boston about 
 1686. 
 
 CAPT. FRANCIS GREEN, Boston. An Assessor. An 
 officer in the Revolution. He died Sept. 2d, 1831, 
 aged 81. 
 
 COL. PETER GREEN, Boston ; brother of Francis. An 
 officer in the Revolution, probably the graduate at 
 Harvard College, 1766. 
 
 JOSIAH ELLIOT. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL PRINCE, Boston, tailor. A man of 
 amiable disposition. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1794. 
 
 MAJ. JOSEPH HALL, JR, Boston, lawyer ; one of Gen.
 
 347 
 
 Broofcs's staff. He graduated at Har. Col. 1781. Rep- 
 resentative ; Sheriff of Suffolk from 1818 to '25, and 
 Judge of Probate an office more congenial to his feel- 
 ings, and in which he long displayed accuracy, upright- 
 ness, intelligence and kindness. He never attempted 
 to shine as a politician, though the companion of Sulli- 
 van, Gore and Dexter ; but his temperate course never 
 failed to be viewed with approbation. 
 
 ENSIGN JOSEPH LOVERING, JR, Boston, tallow-chand- 
 ler. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 179V Representative many 
 years ; Selectman, and wealthy. He is, 1842, the oldest 
 member on the roll. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH LORING, Boston, jeweller; father of 
 Col. Joseph, 1792. 
 
 MAJ. BENJAMIN RUSSELL, Boston, printer ; fifth son 
 of Capt. Benjamin, 1740 ; was born in Boston, in Court 
 street, then called Prison lane, Sept. 13th, 1762, (by 
 some accounts Sept. 30th.) When quite a lad, he joined 
 the army of the Revolution, as a common soldier, and 
 was in the campaigns on the North River, but did not 
 serve out the war. Upon his return, he set up the 
 newspaper called the Columbian Centinel, and contin- 
 ued the editorship more than forty years, till Nov. 1st, 
 1828, after fighting manfully the Adams cause for the 
 Presidentship. A complimentary dinner was given him 
 by his brother editors and printers. In early life, he 
 also printed almanacks, and was in moderate circum- 
 stances ; but his peculiar talents as editor gained him 
 much celebrity, and gave his paper extensive circula- 
 tion. His editorial remarks and summary of news were 
 sought after by all, as the most to be relied upon. He 
 was a self-taught man, and enjoyed much esteem among 
 his fellow citizens. He is the second oldest member 
 now on the roll. He was a Delegate at the Conven-
 
 348 
 
 tion of 1 820 ; Representative twenty-four years, Sena- 
 tor and Councillor. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. EBENEZER THAYER, JR, Braintree, yeo- 
 man. He might have been chosen Major General by 
 the Legislature, but did not accept. He was Sheriff 
 of Norfolk. 
 
 ABRAHAM WILD, Boston, merchant. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL SWAN, Medford. One of Gen. Brooks's 
 staff. Died at Medford, November, 1825, aged 76. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. WILLIAM HULL, Newton, lawyer, was 
 born at Derby, Conn. June 24th, 1753, and died at 
 Newton, Mass. Nov. 29th, 1825, aged 72. He gradu- 
 ated at Yale College, 1 772. In the Revolution he rose 
 to the rank of Colonel. After the war, he returned to 
 Newton, and practised law with reputation, and be- 
 came wealthy. He was long a leading man in the Mas- 
 sachusetts House and Senate, and appointed by Presi- 
 dent Jefferson the first Governor of Michigan Territory, 
 where he removed, 1 805. On the breaking out of the 
 war with England, (1812,) he was appointed a Brig. 
 General in the U. S. Army. He had sustained the 
 office of Major General of the Middlesex Militia, upon 
 Gen. Brooks's resignation, 1796. His disastrous cam- 
 paign in Canada, which resulted in the surrender of the 
 U. S. Army under his command, August 15th, 1812, 
 brought him to a Court Martial, like Admiral Byng, 
 and he was by them sentenced to be shot for cowardice, 
 (1814,) but recommended to mercy on account of his 
 brave revolutionary services, and pardoned accordingly. 
 He returned, and spent the remainder of his days in retire- 
 ment at Newton. He published a series of letters before 
 his death, in vindication of his conduct. This develop- 
 ment of facts, and other mysterious circumstances attend- 
 ing his trial, restored his fame in a great measure, and he 
 was very generally accounted a sacrifice to political in-
 
 349 
 
 trigue. In delicacy to the feelings of a valuable mem- 
 ber, hereafter appearing on the roll, and whose own 
 political life and character has ever been marked by a 
 high sense of probity and honor, we forbear to rake 
 open the ashes of the dead, which a further illustration 
 of the facts might warrant, but leave posterity to judge 
 impartially for themselves. Gen. Hull was a distant re- 
 lation of the brave Commodore Hull. Captain of the 
 Ar. Co. 1789; a distinguished member of the Cincin- 
 nati, He was counsel for the Ar. Co. in their suit to 
 recover the Dunstable lands, a man of urbanity and 
 gentlemanly deportment. 
 
 MAJ. THOMAS CURTIS s, Boston, merchant. Died 
 Nov. 26th, 1823, aged 59. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1788, by David Osgood, 
 Medford Isaiah IV. 5th. Printed. 
 
 1789. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM WILLIAMS, Boston, hatter. Removed 
 to Maine. 
 
 CAPT. MICHAEL HOMER, Boston, bricklayer. Died 
 Oct. 28th, 1828, aged 66. Son of Michael, 1768. 
 
 DANIEL REA, 3d, Boston, cooper; son of Daniel, 
 1770. 
 
 WILLIAM WHITTEMORE, West Cambridge, manufac- 
 turer. By a patent for sticking the teeth for factory 
 cards, &c. he accumulated a large property. Senator 
 from Middlesex, and Delegate at the Convention of 
 1820. 
 
 CAPT. BELA CLAPP, Boston ; father of Lieut. William, 
 1820. Member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 JOHN BAXTER, Boston, merchant. 
 JOHN BONNER, Boston.
 
 350 
 
 CAPT. JONAS S. BASS, Boston, tanner. Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1797; Captain 1800. He died at B, 
 September, 1 834, aged 72. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH CLARK, Boston. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1789, by Thomas Bar- 
 nard, Salem Isaiah XI. 13th. Printed. 
 
 1790. 
 
 MAJOR JAMES PHILLIPS, Boston, ropemaker. His 
 father, Isaac, was a merchant. Major P. was born in B. 
 May 14th, 1767, the youngest son of the sixth genera- 
 tion, from Peregrine White the first born male child in 
 Plymouth Colony, by his grandmother's side. His title 
 was gained by being Brigade Quarter Master to Gen. 
 Winslow. He was brother of Capt. Phillips, 1786. 
 He became Superintendent of the Alms-house, and af- 
 terwards Clerk of the Overseers. In his old age hav- 
 ing brought up a large family, this office afforded a 
 scanty living, but he never lost his habit of pleasantry. 
 For fifty years he has enlivened the social meetings of 
 the Company ; his peculiar eccentric songs of " Con- 
 tentment," " The Parson who'd a remarkable foible," 
 " Gafler Gray," &c, were always enthusiastically re- 
 ceived. His venerable white locks, peculiar tone and 
 gravity of manner, will long be remembered. He pos- 
 sesses an amiable disposition, frank manners great 
 benevolence and purity. He is now an " active mem- 
 ber" in tapping his " Barrel of Beer" every Anniver- 
 sary. He was a judicious and efficient Fireward. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1798, Captain, 1802. His tomb 
 No. 94, on the Common, was built and owned jointly 
 by him and his friend Col. D. Messinger. Sero in 
 ccdum redeant. 
 
 LIEUT. ASA FULLER.
 
 351 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN G. DOUBLED AY, Boston. Ensign of 
 the Ar. Co. 1796. 
 
 ENSIGN JEREMIAH KAHLER, Boston, a native of Ger- 
 many, once an eminent merchant in Boston, " of great 
 activity in business, and one who took a lively interest 
 in all our institutions.* He remained an honorary as- 
 sociate in the Ar. Co. till his death. He was always 
 charitable while he had the means, and ever ready in 
 acts of friendship. Editors were often indebted to him 
 for translations from the Gazettes of his native coun- 
 try. Reverses of fortune did not impair his habits of 
 industry, nor his power of being useful, though they 
 limited his sphere of employment. He enjoyed the 
 esteem of numerous acquaintance, and his memory is 
 respected." Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1795. He died at 
 Boston, Feb. 2d, 1829, aged 86, extremely poor. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH COWDIN, Boston, son-in-law of Gen. 
 Davis, 1786. 
 
 EBENEZER LITTLE BOYD, Boston, merchant, a broth- 
 er of Capt. Boyd, 1786. Having for years engaged in 
 business on Long Wharf, he became a Baptist, was or- 
 dained a preacher, and removed from Boston. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 790, by Jonathan Homer, 
 Newton 1st Chron. XII. 33d. Printed. 
 
 1791. 
 
 CAPT. SHUBAEL BELL, Boston, housewright. Deputy 
 Sheriff and Jailer. A man of great generosity and hu- 
 manity, a zealous Episcopalian, and many years a 
 Warden of Christ's Church, supporting his favorite wor- 
 ship during the long period of feebleness in that society 
 after the death of Doct. Walter. He was the principal 
 founder of St. Mathew's Chapel, at South Boston. He 
 was very indutrious, but negligent of his charges and 
 died poor. In early life he married, but his wife soon
 
 352 
 
 dying, he lived a widower until far advanced in years 
 when he married again, but never had children. He 
 was distinguished as a Free Mason, one of the first 
 Knights of Malta and Knight Templars in New Eng- 
 land. He died at B. much lamented in 1819. 
 
 
 CAPT. JOHN GARDINER, Boston, lawyer. 
 
 LIEUT. ROBERT BALL, Boston. 
 
 SAMUEL PERKINS, Boston, painter, son of Lieut. CoL 
 William, 1765; Representative from B. He is now a 
 member, residing at Roxbury. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN PECK, Boston, merchant. He devised 
 the plan of filling up the Mill Pond, and owned largely 
 therein, but not realizing his sanguine expectations in a 
 ready sale, he became involved, and removed to Ken- 
 tucky. 
 
 WILLIAM WALTER, Boston, merchant, son of Rev. 
 Doct. W. A Representative. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1791, by Samuel Parker, 
 D. D. Boston. 
 
 1792.* 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD AUSTIN, Boston, pewterer. This 
 trade had been a lucrative branch of manufactures, but 
 about this time began to go out of fashion. The better 
 sort of people used pewter platters, spoons, plates, por- 
 ringers, &,c, and it was a mark of poverty nof to see a 
 dresser abundantly furnished with pewter ware. New 
 England housewives considered it a display of luxury. 
 Capt. Austin was a man of strict honesty and honor as 
 well as liberality. When his trade declined he entered 
 into copartnership with George Blanchard hereafter 
 mentioned. Mr. Austin, deeply in debt, suffered the 
 
 * It is impossible, by the negligence of the Clerk, to distinguish from 1792 to 
 1795, inclusive, what year each member was admitted.
 
 353 
 
 latter part of his life much depression. But no creditor 
 ever imprisoned him, and he was always respected. 
 Having married a lady whose father was wealthy he 
 never knew want. He had no children. He was long 
 seVerely afflicted with the stone, of which he died, after 
 an ineffectual operation, 1817. Although the lack of 
 offspring the misfortunes of business the treachery of 
 his partner and the severity of bodily pain, cast a secret 
 gloom over his warm heart, yet he always wore the 
 same cheerful countenance, and died with great forti- 
 tude and resignation. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1800. 
 He died a member, but was buried privately according 
 to his request. If this be a tribute of respect, it is im- 
 partial, since in his failure, the compiler lost all his 
 property. 
 
 WILLIAM COOLIDGE, Boston, an ingenious machinist. 
 
 CAPT. JONATHAN LORING, JR, Boston, housewright. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1801, Lieutenant 1807. He was 
 frequently elected to important town offices; Repre- 
 sentative. He died at B. August 29th, 1 834, aged 67. 
 
 JOSHUA THOMAS, Boston, physician. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS WALDRON SUMNER, Boston, house- 
 Wright, was wealthy and retired to Brookline where he 
 cultivated a small but good farm. He was employed 
 as a draftsman, superintendant or referee respecting 
 building contracts, and for several years was a Boston 
 Representative. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1799, and con- 
 tinues a member. When the Ar. Co. were embar- 
 rassed he gave the largest sum towards its liberation, 
 viz. $50 50. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN HOWE, JR. Boston, turner, son of John, 
 1773 ; Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1802; died May, 1828. 
 
 LIEUT. GEORGE SINGLETON, JR, Boston, cooper ; the 
 first 2d Lieutenant of the Columbian Artillery. When 
 
 15
 
 354 
 
 Bray was made Major, Singleton, a good officer and 
 thriving mechanic, was superseded, and his spirits were 
 so mortified that he became dissipated and soon died 
 poor, leaving a large family. 
 
 WILLIAM BASS. 
 
 JOHN S. LOWELL, Boston, merchant, died at Bom- 
 bay, Dec. 1796, aged 27. 
 
 COL. DANIEL MES SINGER, Boston, hatter, son of 
 Daniel, a farmer in Wrentham, where Col. M. was born 
 June 27th, 1768. He was first an officer in the militia, 
 founded the Light Infantry Corps, called the Winslow 
 Blues,* and was long their first Captain, a good disci- 
 plinarian and that corps flourished under his command. 
 Upon the organization of the Light Infantry companies 
 in Boston into a Sub-legion, he was elected Major and 
 continued in that station until the Legionary Brigade 
 was reorganized as the 3d Brigade of 1st Division, 
 1 809, when the Light Infantry companies were distrib- 
 uted among the three regiments ; the Fusilliers and 
 Washington Light Infantry assigned to the first the 
 Boston Light Infantry to the second, and soon after the 
 New England guards were formed. The Winslow Blues 
 were assigned to the third; the Rangers, at first Light 
 Infantry, now Riflemen, were soon added. Col. M. 
 was chosen first as Lieut. Col. Commandant of the 
 third Regiment and held that office until a law was 
 passed to conform to a law of the United States, giving 
 all Lieut. Colonels Commandant a brevet commission. 
 Regiments thereafter were organized by having a Col- 
 onel, &c. agreeable to the more ancient method. Upon 
 the resignation of Gen. A. Wells of 3d Brigade he was 
 chosen to succeed him but declined, and Gen. Sullivan 
 being elected he resigned. 
 
 He was Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1800, Captain 
 
 * Named in honor of their patron Gen. J. Winslow.
 
 355 
 
 1804, and 1810, and always an active and useful mem- 
 ber. He was Delegate in the Convention of 1820, an 
 intelligent and valuable member of the Mass. Char. 
 Mechanic Association. He was repeatedly chosen a 
 Representative and Senator of Suffolk. His modest 
 diffidence in his abilities induced him to decline higher 
 honors, civil and military. He had a musical voice 
 and pleasant manner, which endeared him to his com- 
 panions, who delighted in his old fashioned songs of 
 My Friend and Pitcher, Green grmv the rushes Oh, To- 
 morrow, &,c. We may justly say he has been an orna- 
 ment to the Boston mechanics universally esteemed' 
 at the present time and through a long life. % 
 
 OLIVER GRIDLEY, Boston, died at Providence, R. L 
 1831. 
 
 ROBERT HOMES, Boston, grandson of Capt. William, 
 1747. 
 
 HUMPHREY CLARK, Boston, tailor ; a man of amiable 
 disposition. He acquired a handsome property by 
 honest industry, but lost it by the fluctuation of affairs, 
 and with it his energy. He had an excellent wife and 
 virtuous, intelligent offspring. The education he had 
 given them was their capital, where there could be no 
 failure. One of his sons, an accomplished merchant, 
 received a present from the insurance offices for his 
 intrepidity in saving a ship and cargo from England at 
 sea. Mr. Clark was messenger to the Board of Health, 
 and finally spent the last years of his life in solitude at 
 Danvers, and died May 7th, 1829, aged 67. 
 
 COL. NEHEMIAH FREEMAN, Boston; an officer in 
 the U. S. Army, and rose to be Colonel. He long 
 commanded at Fort Independence, but left the army ; 
 many young officers so swiftly rose beyond him in the 
 road of promotion, and became prison keeper in Bos- 
 ton, and soon after died.
 
 356 
 
 JOHN WELLS, Boston, coppersmith, brother of 
 Thomas, 1811; was Deacon of the New North Church, 
 and a Representative. He died Oct. 14th, 1832, aged 
 69. " He was an honest man in the truest sense." 
 
 COL. JOSEPH LORING, JR, Boston, son of Joseph, 
 1788. He was a dashing Cornhill shopkeeper. Hav- 
 ing failed in business and changed his politics, disap- 
 pointed in not sustaining a commissioned office, he 
 became a violent partizan and first Captain of the 
 Washington Light Infantry. By his temper he kept 
 the whole Brigade in a continual ferment. At a Brig- 
 ade Muster he marched on to the parade with his two 
 subalterns, four sergeants and music without a single 
 private. For this he was tried by a Court Martial but 
 acquitted ; the doings of the Court were disapproved 
 by Gen. Elliot, who ordered it, and by the voice of dis- 
 interested men. He was never contented with his rank 
 if the highest ; would neither be satisfied to have his 
 Company considered Infantry or Light Infantry, and 
 was ever at variance with his brother officers. At 
 length he was again tried by a Court Martial, broken, 
 and disqualified from holding any office in the militia. 
 Yet he had the address to obtain in high party times a 
 Colonel's commission in the U. S. Army in the war of 
 1812. He reaped no laurels, and was one of the first 
 officers dropped upon the return of peace. After this 
 he became an officer in the custom-house. His rest- 
 less temper finally let him down to insignificance. 
 After his disgrace harmony was restored, and from that 
 time there has been no lack of subordination or im- 
 provement in the Boston militia. 
 
 BENJAMIN GOLDTHWAIT. 
 
 GIDEON BATEY, Boston, merchant. 
 
 SAMUEL HAMMOND, Boston, cordvvainer, born in Lin-
 
 357 
 
 coin, and his original Christian name was Asa. He 
 became wealthy, and died at B. Nov. 1838, aged 71. 
 
 CAPT. EDMUND BOWMAN, Boston, cordwainer, born 
 in Lincoln, 1771. He came with Hammond (preced- 
 ing) poor boys to Boston, and for a while succeeded in 
 business, but being a more convivial companion and 
 possessed of a melodious voice, he never accumulated 
 property. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1803; Captain, 
 1807. He was an excellent drill officer, and during 
 his command the Ar. Co. was better instructed than 
 they had been for many years. His display on the 
 election day when he resigned (1808) was accurate 
 and brilliant, prepared and executed with the most per- 
 fect ease. He was so poor when chosen that he de- 
 clined the office. The expenses of a commander then 
 exceeded $100. Yet his friends insisted on his accept- 
 ing, agreed to pay all his expenses, and gave him the 
 most liberal support. During the embargo he was 
 master of a special revenue cutter in Boston harbor, 
 and soon after died, leaving an interesting family. 
 
 THOMAS BARTLETT, Boston, apothecary, son of Capt. 
 John, 1769. He long kept the sign of the Good Sa- 
 maritan in Old Cornhill, which originally was -painted 
 with " a Priest passing by on the other side." This 
 was soon erased, because the painter had copied the 
 portrait and costume of the Rev. Dr. Walter of Christ 
 Church, with his full wig so exactly that travellers were 
 wont to recognize the likeness, probably too near a re- 
 semblance in another point of view. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL THWING, Boston, baker. 
 
 THOMAS GREEN. 
 
 DUDLEY WALKER, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 JOHN OSBORN, Boston, merchant; died Aug. 1819. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN S. LILLIE, Boston.
 
 358 
 
 SAMUEL HILL, Boston; died 1796, aged 27 en- 
 graver. 
 
 SAMUEL WATTS, Boston, sailmaker. 
 
 GEORGE MAKEPEACE, JR, Boston, merchant. 
 JOHN WINNECK. 
 JOHN HAYWARD. 
 
 MAJ. GEORGE BLA.NCHARD, Boston, truckman. He 
 was rough in speech and haughty in manners, but 
 accumulated a valuable property, principally in real 
 estate, and lived in a degree of splendor. * * * * 
 ******* Gen. Winslow appointed him 
 his Brigade Major by which he gained his title. He 
 was Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1801 ; Captain, 1805; 
 Ensign, 1811 ; Treasurer of the Ar. Co. and Represen- 
 tative several years. About 1810, he entered into 
 copartnership with Capt. Austin, before spoken of, as a 
 broker. His acquaintances placed large sums in their 
 hands on their single security as bankers, and they 
 gained general confidence. Suddenly they failed, and 
 his real estate, valued at fifty thousand dollars, which 
 had been free of incumbrance was attached. Very 
 little personal property was ever found and no explana- 
 tion given. Blanchard was suspected, and committed 
 to prison, but after severe examination permitted to 
 take the poor debtor's oath. The Ar. Co. lost nothing 
 by him as Treasurer by the vigilance of his successor, 
 but the Washington Benevolent Society lost the whole 
 of their large funds. He lived, as it were, in obscurity, 
 till December 17th, 1820, when, after eating a lobster 
 supper, he retired to bed and never awoke. He was 
 49 years old when he died, and was buried privately. 
 Tomb No. 127, on the Common. 
 
 ZECHARIAH SEAVER. 
 
 JONATHAN KILTON, Boston, baker.
 
 359 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN WHEELWRIGHT, Boston, merchant. An 
 effective officer of the customs, much beloved. When 
 Gen. Jackson's reign commenced, he was displaced, or 
 " reformed ;" but the citizens immediately elected him 
 Representative. 
 
 DANIEL COWDIN, Boston. 
 
 JOSEPH BAXTER, JR, Boston, merchant. Died at 
 Fayette, Maine, September, 1828, aged 59. 
 
 ENSIGN NAHUM PIPER, Boston, merchant. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1805. 
 
 ENSIGN OLIVER HOLDEN, Charlestown. Represent- 
 ative. 
 
 THOMAS NEIL. 
 
 COL. ROBERT GARDNER, Boston, merchant. He lived 
 in the Vernon house, in Charter street. Captain of the 
 Ar. Co. 1799. He was born in Boston, and married 
 Sarah, daughter of Gilbert Dench, Esq, of Hopkinton, 
 Mass. He was the founder and first Captain of the 
 Columbian Artillery, then Lieut. Colonel in the Legion- 
 ary Brigade on its formation. Having had a family 
 quarrel with General Winslow, who married his cousin, 
 he changed his politics from violent Federalist, and 
 joined with Joseph Loring, in his military quarrels. He 
 was cashiered by a Court Martial, being deprived of the 
 privilege of holding office in the militia. He was then 
 appointed an officer in the U. S. Army, and made a 
 Commissary of prisoners of war ; but, having failed as 
 a merchant and auctioneer, and being displaced from 
 the Commissary department, and the office of Secretary 
 of the Board of Health, he removed, with the remains of 
 his family, to Washington, where he soon died suddenly, 
 in the street. He was above the middle stature, of a 
 noble form, open and fair countenance. Although of a 
 generous and free spirit, his temper was too much tine-
 
 360 
 
 tured with pride and passion. He was the compiler's 
 only uncle, by the mother's side. 
 
 ROWLAND FREEMAN, Boston, merchant. Died April, 
 1820. 
 
 WILLIAM GREENOUGH, son of Maj. G. 1740. 
 
 MAJOR CHARLES CLEMENT, Boston, housewright. 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1804. 
 
 JOHN RUSSELL, Boston, printer; brother of Major 
 Benjamin R. 1788 ; was long one of the firm which 
 printed the Gazette. He retired to private life at Bath, 
 Maine, where he died, August 23d, 1831, aged 70. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM ALEXANDER, Boston, cabinet maker. 
 He never held office in the militia. Lieutenant of the 
 Ar. Co. 1802 ; Captain 1806. He was, in early life, a 
 steady, industrious, modest man, having peculiar talents 
 as an officer. The offices of the Ar. Co. were almost 
 forced upon him by his friends, who wished to advance 
 him in society. He became intemperate, lost his prop- 
 erty, and died in Boston almshouse, a few years after, 
 neglected and forgotten. He had been an excellent 
 husband and father, but his wife and children totally 
 neglected him, even in his last moments. He lived in 
 a day of unprecedented prosperity and dissipation, that 
 swept off, in its fatal current, many of the best mechan- 
 ics, as well as others. 
 
 RUFUS DAVENPORT, Boston, merchant. He invested 
 his property in the grand speculation at Cambridgeport, 
 and failed. His creditors would not take his lands, and 
 he remained years a prisoner on the limits. He became 
 almost insane against imprisonment for debt. His assi- 
 duity in the poor debtor's cause made many avoid him 
 for his importunity. He died about 1838, his cause 
 having prevailed. 
 
 WILLIAM JACKSON, Boston, tallow-chandler.
 
 361 
 
 JAMES HARRISON, Boston, merchant; accumulated a 
 large property, and removed to Charlestown, where he 
 died, poor. He was a Baptist Deacon, philanthropic, 
 much esteemed, and a distinguished Free-Mason. 
 
 SAMUEL TOWN SEND, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. EPHRAIM PRESCOTT, Boston, shopkeeper. He 
 went to China, where he procured a large punch-bowl 
 (ten gallons) to be made, with the Company's name, 
 &c. thereon ; but, dying on the passage homeward, the 
 intended present did not come to the knowledge of the 
 Ar. Co. for many years. It was preserved by his widow, 
 who became poor. Nearly thirty years afterwards, it 
 was accidentally discovered and purchased by Hon. 
 Jonathan Hunnewell, for $15, and presented by him to 
 the corps. It ha&been kept with great care, and is 
 used only on the anniversary. 
 
 CAPT. JOSHUA EATON, Boston. 
 
 DAVID W. CHILD, Boston, merchant. A man of 
 wealth; Alderman and Representative. Died Feb. 1st, 
 1830. A member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1792, by Joseph Eckley, 
 D. D. Boston Ps. LXXXV. -llth; 1793, by Peter 
 Thacher, D. D. Boston Judges XVIII. 7th;* 1794, 
 by Samuel West, D. D. Boston 2d Tim. II. 3d; 1795, 
 by JohnT. Kirkland, D. D. Boston Ps. LXXVI. 10th ; 
 1796, by William Bentley, D. D. Salem Prov. XXX. 
 5th, 6th. All printed. 
 
 1796. 
 
 LIEUT. BENJAMIN COATES, Boston, merchant. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1803 ; Lieutenant 1808. He died 
 Dec. 2d, 1827, aged 61. 
 
 * Samuel Parker, Boston, is the first instance since the settlement of the country, 
 of an Episcopal clergyman preaching an Election Sermon. He preached the Court 
 Election Sermon in 1793. 
 
 46
 
 362 
 
 CAPT. SOLOMON PHIPPS, Charlestown. Died Feb. 
 16th, 1822, aged 66. 
 
 JOHN P. DUNCKLE, Charlestown, Constable. 
 
 ANDREW DUNLAP, JR, Boston, brewer. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN MILLER, JR, Boston. 
 
 MAJ. AMASA STETSON, Boston, merchant. Major of 
 a Sub-legion, and cashiered by the same Court with Col. 
 R. Gardner. 
 
 JOTHAM BARNES, Boston, merchant. 
 
 SETH ADAMS. 
 
 EDWARD BRINLEY, Boston. 
 
 JOHN KENNEDY, Boston, merchant. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM JEPSON, Boston, ^ousewright. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 1806. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. PETER OSGOOD, Boston, bricklayer, was 
 born at Lancaster, 1771. He removed to Boston 1790, 
 with his schoolmate, Col. Whitney, with whom he com- 
 menced business. He was Captain of militia, Major of a 
 Sub-legion, and Lieut. Col. Commandant of the 2d Reg- 
 iment, which office he held till the peace, 1815. Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1806 ; Captain 1809. He failed, 
 and was supported by the industry of his wife. He owed 
 his military distinction to his neutrality in politics. He 
 died about 1833. 
 
 ENSIGN ELIJAH DAVENPORT, Boston, merchant; 
 brother of Rufus, 1795. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1804. 
 A member of the O. S. Church. 
 
 WARD JACKSON, Boston, housewright. Deacon of 
 the 3d Baptist Church, 
 
 PETER OILMAN. 
 
 CHARLES NOLEN, Boston, merchant. Removed to 
 Philadelphia, and died March 20th, 1838, aged 70. 
 
 EDWARD B. WALKER, Boston, hatter.
 
 363 
 
 COL. JONATHAN WHITNEY, Boston, bricklayer, was 
 born at Lancaster, March 27th, 1771, and served his 
 time at Claremont. In 1790 he removed to Boston, 
 and commenced partnership with Col. Osgood, which 
 continued many years. They did extensive business, 
 but, before their dissolution, failed. Whitney became 
 dejected, and there was danger of his becoming a loss 
 to his family and society ; but he entered into the stone 
 and lime business, which was very profitable, and again 
 acquired property. He married a daughter of Capt. 
 Stetson, 1765, and their family was well educated and 
 highly respectable. For many years he would not ac- 
 cept any commission in the militia, until, in high party 
 times, he was elected a Captain of one of the Ward 
 Companies, by one vote. The election was contested, 
 and he thereby induced to accept. He was promoted 
 Major of the 2d Regiment, and succeeded Osgood as 
 Lieut. Colonel, and when the State law was altered, he 
 received the brevet commission as Colonel. He was 
 a superior officer to Col. Osgood, a man of sound 
 judgment and strong mind. He was repeatedly Repre- 
 sentative, and one of the warmest Federalists of the day. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1807; Lieutenant 1810; Cap- 
 tain 1813; and was always strongly attached to the in- 
 stitution. A man of great benevolence but his charity 
 was not ostentatious. He chose the private way of ad- 
 vice and encouragement in business to his unfortunate 
 brother mechanics. He died at Brookline, in the spring 
 of 1839. 
 
 BENJAMIN WEST, Boston, merchant ; son of Rev. Mr. 
 West, of Hollis street Church, where he became a Dea- 
 con. A man of unblemished character. He died at 
 Charlestown, N. H. March 25th, 1829, aged 53. 
 
 In June, 1796, at the Anniversary printed cards of 
 invitation were first used for invited guests.
 
 364 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1797, by Henry Ware, 
 Hingham 1st Cor. XII, 25th, 26th. 
 
 1798. 
 ENSIGN DEXTER DANA, Boston, merchant. Ensign 
 
 9 * O 
 
 of the Ar. Co. 1808 and several years Clerk. He fail- 
 ed, but being discharged from his creditors, commenced 
 business as a grocer and failed again. Soon after he 
 became deranged, and was removed to Portland, where 
 he lived with his family several years, supported by his 
 brothers, and died poor, Oct. 1 822, aged 50. 
 
 DAVID DEVENS, Charlestown, merchant. 
 DAVID STETSON. 
 
 CAPT. MELZAR HOLMES, Charlestown, merchant, was 
 born in Kingston. He was enterprising in business, an 
 excellent officer, and one of the founders and Captain 
 of the Warren Phalanx. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 
 1805; Captain 1808. When the election day for his 
 resignation occurred, (1809,) old Faneuil Hall was un- 
 dergoing repairs and enlargement, (doubled in width 
 and raised one story,) and the Ar. Co. dined in the Ex- 
 change Coffee-House. After dinner, the rain poured 
 in torrents, and the Company exchanged badges in the 
 large area in the centre. The spacious galleries were 
 crowded to excess. That elegant orator, Gov. Gore, 
 presided. Capt. Holmes became, soon after, embar- 
 rassed by the restrictive measures of the U. S. Govern- 
 ment. His enterprise then led him to the West Indies, 
 where he fell a victim to the prevailing fever. 
 
 JOSEPH CALLENDER, JR. Boston, shopkeeper. He 
 took advantage of the Bankrupt Act, and became a 
 grocer, and brought up a numerous family. Clerk of 
 the Ar. Co. one year. He died May, 1823, aged 60, 
 A member of the Old South Church.
 
 365 
 
 JOSHUA GARDNER, JR, Boston, brother of -Capt. 
 Lemuel, 1787, died 1799, aged 58. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1798, by Nathaniel Thay- 
 er, Lancaster, Prov. XVI. 32d. Printed. 
 
 1799. 
 CAPT. THOMAS OLIVER LARKIN. 
 
 JOSIAH MARSHALL, Boston, merchant; Alderman; 
 
 Representative; died suddenly in 1841. 
 
 fi'i 
 BENJAMIN HALE, Boston. 
 
 EDWARD GOODWIN, Charlestown. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1799, by William Emer- 
 son, Harvard, (Boston) Ps. CXLIX. 6th. Printed. - 
 
 1800. 
 
 HENRY MESSINGER, Boston, hatter. Brother of Col. 
 M. 1792. 
 
 HENRY BRAZER, Boston. 
 
 In May, 1800, while Col. R. Gardner commanded 
 the Ar. Co. it was voted, that there should be a fourth 
 officer chosen at the next election, with the rank of 
 Second Lieutenant, and to be called the Adjutant. 
 Upon consultation with his Excellency and the oldest 
 members, the project of having a fourth officer was, at 
 the next meeting in the Senate Chamber of the Old 
 State House, reconsidered. Col. G. was at this time 
 Captain of the Columbian Artillery. This Company 
 was formed about the year 1799, and from the circum- 
 stance of their officers being selected from the Ar. Co. 
 we may trace their origin to it. We may also trace 
 the origin of other light corps in Boston in the same 
 manner ; for, as observed in the commencement of this 
 work, the Ar. Co. was the source from which the mili- 
 tary character of New England may be traced. The
 
 366 
 
 Washington Light Infantry was founded soon after by 
 Col. Joseph Loring, jr, and Lieut. Ezra Davis, mem- 
 bers of the Ar. Co. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 800, by David Kellogg, 
 Framingham Judges VII. 18th. 
 
 1801. 
 SAMUEL DOWNER, Boston, merchant. 
 
 MAJOR SAMUEL LARKIN, Boston. Removed to Ports- 
 mouth, N. H. auctioneer. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN BINNEY, Boston, merchant. Captain of 
 the North End Artillery. Captain in the U. S. army 
 in the war of 1812. Alderman and Representative. 
 He died Sept. 30, 1838, aged 58. 
 
 SAMUEL BRIGHT, Boston. 
 ISAIAH LUCAS. 
 
 LIEUT. RICHARD EDWARDS, Boston, merchant ; after- 
 wards auctioneer. Now lives in N. York City. He is 
 uncle to Major E. of the Ar. Co. 1822. 
 
 ENSIGN ISAAC P. SIMPSON, Boston, mason. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1809. 
 
 MAJOR ASA HATCH, Boston. Major of a Sub-legion; 
 cashiered by the same Court with Col. R. Gardner. 
 
 LIEUT. EZRA DAVIS, Boston, merchant ; first Ensign 
 of the Washington Light Infantry. 
 
 SAMUEL BILLINGS, Boston, merchant ; Alderman, 
 Representative, Senator. 
 
 JOHN B. HAMMATT, Boston, upholsterer. He resided 
 with his family about ten years at Alexandria, D. C. 
 GEORGE NOBLE, Boston, merchant. 
 CAPT. SAMUEL WILLIAMS, Boston. 
 LIEUT. JEREMIAH GARDNER, JR, Boston, housewright
 
 367 
 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1 809. He became poor, re- 
 moved to Hingham, and died May 15th, 1826, aged 51. 
 
 ENSIGN JAMES BIRD, Boston, housewright. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1810. He died May, 1835, aged 63. 
 
 ABRAHAM BUTTERFIELD. 
 
 DANIEL G. INGERSOLL, Boston, jeweller. 
 
 THOMAS HILLYARD. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1801, by John S. Popkin, 
 Boston Neh. IV. 18th. 
 
 1802. 
 
 ENSIGN LEVI MELCHER, Boston, merchant. Armorer, 
 and Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1814. 
 
 LIEUT. JACOB HALL, Boston, distiller. Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1813, and Treasurer several years. Al- 
 derman, Representative, Senator and Councillor. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1802, by Abiel Abbott, 
 Haverhill Ephes. V. 29th. Printed. 
 
 1803. 
 JOSHUA B. WOOD,, Boston. 
 
 The division order of Gen. Elliot for creating the 
 Washington Light Infantry, is dated July 7th, 1803, 
 and their first officers were elected July 29th, viz. 
 Blake, Captain ; Joseph Loring, Jr, Lieutenant, and 
 Ezra Davis, Ensign. Blake did not accept, and Au- 
 gust 14th, 1803, the Company elected Joseph Loring, 
 Jr, Captain, and Davis, Lieutenant, and Edmund Mun- 
 roe, Ensign. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1803 ; by Jedediah Morse, 
 D. D. Charlestown Ps. LXXV1I. 5th. Printed.
 
 368 
 
 1804. 
 
 WILLIAM MARSTON, Boston, merchant. This man 
 possessed a most savage temper. He was repeatedly 
 prosecuted for high-handed assaults and batteries. One 
 instance is characteristic of his disposition. He had a 
 small, indigent girl, of tender years, a servant in his 
 family, whom he repeatedly whipped, for small faults, 
 severely, until she was so intimidated as to shudder in 
 his presence. This man was a violent anti-mason. 
 He died at Woonsocket Falls, August 8, 1836, aged 
 58. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1804; by Joseph Tuck- 
 erman, Chelsea Matt v XL 19th. Printed. 
 
 1805. 
 LIEUT. NATHANIEL BROWN, Boston. 
 
 DAVID FORSAITH, Boston, shopkeeper, afterwards 
 auctioneer. Died suddenly in the street, April 9th, 
 1824, aged 52. 
 
 NATHANIEL CLARKE, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS L. CHASE, Boston, shopkeeper. An 
 officer in the U. S. Army, 1812. 
 
 CHARLES DAVIES, Boston, coppersmith. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1805; by Thaddeus M. 
 Harris, D. D. Dorchester 2 Peter, I. 10th, llth. 
 Printed. 
 
 1806. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM HOWE, Boston, tinman ; was born 
 July 9th, 1782, in the mansion house of his grandfather 
 in Marshall's Lane, which was built in 1701, and on 
 which is now seen a coat of arms in the brick work. 
 Capt. Howe first joined the Winslow Blues, and was a
 
 369 
 
 promising officer. When a vacancy of Captain occurred 
 by the promotion of Col. Messinger, they superseded 
 Capt. H. on account of his strictness in discipline. He 
 immediately left that corps and joined the Ar. Co. who 
 made him their Orderly, and in 1812, Ensign, and Cap- 
 tain, 1814. He removed from the State. 
 
 SAMUEL WALDRON, Boston, housewright. 
 
 CALEB EDDY, Boston, merchant ; son of Benjamin, 
 master mariner, and cousin to the compiler's mother. 
 Alderman. He married an accom- 
 plished young lady of fortune. After paying his ad- 
 dresses to her a considerable time and she giving him 
 no convenient opportunity to offer his hand, he made 
 bold to do it at a party of their numerous young friends. 
 She replied with composure she would take thirty days 
 to consider of it. When the time expired, another 
 party had collected,, and he reminded her of its expira- 
 tion and requested an answer. She replied, Sir, you 
 know, as a merchant, that every note payable at given 
 time, has three days' grace. Here the subject again 
 was dropped. When the grace had expired, she placed 
 herself at his disposal without further importunity. 
 Thus was this singular and courteous courtship begun 
 and ended. A very enterprising and popular citizen 
 and an excellent man. 
 
 MAJ. THOMAS DEAN, Boston, printer, afterwards 
 broker, of the celebrated firm of Gilbert & Dean. He 
 passed through various misfortunes in business which 
 he bore with firmness, and ever had the reputation of 
 strict integrity. He was indefatigable in his industry, 
 and had a large and interesting family. But a sad mis- 
 fortune among his numerous circle of promising chil- 
 dren was too much for his benevolent heart. He died 
 somewhat suddenly of a violent fever, leaving his family 
 
 47
 
 370 
 
 poor. He was second Major, 2d Regiment, 1809-10. 
 Lieut, of the Ar. Co. 1812 ; Captain, 1819. 
 
 In September, 1819, the Ar. Co. were desirous of expressing their 
 veneration for the surviving members, admitted before the Revolu- 
 tion. It was ascertained that only fifteen were living. Maj. Thomas 
 Bumstead, the oldest person on the roll, invited all those in Boston 
 or its vicinity to his house. Eight attended ; their ages were as fol- 
 lows. Maj. Bumstead, 79; Capt. John Simpkins, 79 ; Lieut. William 
 Homes, 78 ; Capt. Joseph Pierce, 74 ; Mr. Samuel Belknap, 68 ; Capt. 
 Joseph Eaton, 70 ; Capt. William Todd, 72, and Capt. Nathaniel 
 Call, 74. To whom in a body, the Ar. Co. under command of Maj. 
 Dean, paid the usual salutes, and were then invited to partake of the 
 hospitality of Maj. B. in company with the above named ancient 
 members. The following anecdote was related by Maj. B. at the 
 time. " On the day when the news of Gen. Burgoyne's defeat 
 arrived, some, doubtful of the authenticity of the fact, denied it. A 
 number of the Ar. Co. being present, one of them offered a bet, 
 which was accepted. In the afternoon when the report was satisfac- 
 torily confirmed, the members assembled at Maj. B.'s to drink the 
 punch. It was prepared in a large china bowl, which held ten gal- 
 lons." From this bowl the Company partook on this occasion. 
 Maj. Dean died Sept. 9th, 1826, aged 48. The Ar. Co. attended 
 his funeral in citizen's dress. 
 
 LIEUT. HENRY FOWLE, Boston, block and pump 
 maker ; died at Boston, March, 1837, aged 70. 
 
 CAPT. DAVID FRANCIS, Boston, bookseller. A foun- 
 der and first person Lieutenant of the Rangers. Rep- 
 resentative. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM BOWMAN, Boston, hatter. He kept 
 in Ann Street and flourished in business, but having 
 failed lost all exertion, but was addicted to no vice. 
 He became so poor that he was ragged and would sleep 
 on the floor near the stoves of the Court House in win- 
 ter. In this situation he was discovered one cold 
 morning, by a jury who had been out all night, and 
 some of which were members of the Ar. Co. his former 
 associates. They interested themselves in his condi-
 
 371 
 
 tion, and obtained for him a commission as Ensign in 
 the army of 1812. He immediately repaired to Sack- 
 ett's Harbor, engaged in several battles on the lines, 
 and by his cool bravery rose to the rank of Captain. 
 Upon the restoration of peace he returned to Boston, 
 and resumed his occupation. He died at Cambridge- 
 port, 1820. 
 
 LIEUT. ROBERT FENNELLY, Boston, apothecary, highly 
 respected. He acquired a handsome estate, but had 
 no children. Lieut, of the Ar. Co. 1815. Alderman. 
 Representative. He died Sept. 22d, 1828, aged 53. 
 
 He was Warden of Christ's Church, but joined the Baptists. 
 While Warden, the minister and church members, male and female, 
 met at his house. He had just obtained a demijohn of old wine to 
 compound into medicine, and had unfortunately placed it beside a 
 similar demijohn of ipecac in the shop below. His wife mistook the 
 right vessel and the whole church were physicked thoroughly before 
 the mistake was discovered. This was shortly previous to his change 
 of sentiment. 
 
 JONATHAN KILHAM, Boston, tailor. 
 JOHN PICKENS, JR, Boston, merchant. 
 BENJAMIN FULLER, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 JOHN BANISTER, Boston, cooper ; removed to New 
 Orleans, and died there about 1 824. 
 
 BENJAMIN CLARK, Boston, cooper. 
 
 HENRY HUTCHINSON, Boston, sailmaker ; died at 
 Boston, July 1 7th, 1 833, aged 70. 
 
 JAMES PENNIMAN, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 ANDREW SIGOURNEY, Boston, merchant ; Treasurer 
 of the Ar. Co. and of the town, also Representative, 
 and much employed as executor, guardian, &c. In 
 many respects he resembled his relative of Ar. Co. 1788.
 
 372 
 
 He died somewhat suddenly, August, 1820. He was a 
 descendant of one of the French Refugee Protestants. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS C. LEGATE, Boston. An officer in 
 U. S. Army, 1812. 
 
 WILLIAM COFFIN, JR, Boston, merchant. 
 
 JOSIAH CALEF, Boston, merchant ; descendant of 
 Robert Calfe, Jr. Ar. Co. 1710; a man of great phi- 
 lanthropy. 
 
 STEPHEN BEAN, Boston, lawyer ; graduate of Dart. 
 Coll. 1798; died at B. Dec. 10th, 1825, aged 53. 
 
 CAPT. CASWELL BEAL, Boston, tailor ; born at Hing- 
 ham : Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1813. A man of lively 
 disposition and amiable. He died at N. Orleans of 
 consumption, 1819. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 806, by James Kendall, 
 Plymouth 2d Chron. XXXII. 5 8th. Printed. 
 
 1807. 
 
 CAPT. GEORGE WELLES, Boston, jeweller ; was born 
 June 14th, 1784, at Hebron, Conn, called Pump town, 
 because the inhabitants loaded and fired a pump at the 
 British during the Revolution. He came to Boston a 
 poor boy, and became wealthy. He was married, but 
 had no children. He had the reputation of being a 
 good disciplinarian, but was given to intrigue, and su- 
 perseded when candidate for Major. Lieut, of the Ar. 
 Co. 1814 ; Captain, 1820. He died at Framingham of 
 a rapid consumption, May 6th, 1827, aged 43, and was 
 buried in Connecticut. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL T. ARMSTRONG, Boston, printer. He 
 resided some years at Charlestown. Captain of the 
 Warren Phalanx. He was Deacon of the Old South 
 Church. Alderman, Mayor, and Representative. He
 
 373 
 
 became wealthy, but had no children. Lieut. Gover- 
 nor in 1833. 
 
 PETER CON ANT JR, Boston, trader, afterwards school- 
 master. 
 
 JAMES R. KNIGHT, Boston, merchant ; died at Green- 
 wich, N. York, May 22d, 1824, aged 43. 
 
 CALEB KNIGHT, Boston, brother of James. 
 WILLIAM ABRAMS, JR, Boston. 
 
 JOSEPH TUCKER, Boston, housewright; died June 
 20th, 1 824, aged 55. 
 
 ENSIGN TERENCE WAKEFEILD, Boston, apothecary. 
 Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1815. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1807, by Thomas Bald- 
 win, D. D. Boston Mark XIII. 7th. Printed. 
 
 1808. 
 
 ASA WARD. Boston, merchant. 
 
 7 7 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 808 ; by Leonard Woods, 
 Newbury Heb. II. 10th. Printed. 
 
 1809. 
 EPHRAIM FRENCH, JR, Boston, trader. 
 
 MESHACK SHATTUCK, Boston, silk dyer. In a fit of 
 melancholy he was drowned from Charles River Bridge, 
 leaving a wife and family. 
 
 May 18th, 1819, a Committee was chosen to ascertain the rights 
 and privileges of the Company, secured by their charter ; and to 
 apply to the Legislature (if they thought proper) to insert in the 
 militia law a clause, denning their rights, to prevent all disputes 
 with the officers of the militia, or any other company. One Capt. 
 Gleason, insisted that by virtue of his commission he had a right to 
 membership. On a field day, while the members were parading in 
 upper Faneuil Hall, he appeared on the stairs. The Commander 
 expectingjsuch an occurrence placed Gen. J. Winelow as sentinel
 
 374 
 
 on the stairs. Gleason was hailed and refused a pass. He attempted 
 to proceed, when the' General charged, throwing open his pan. 
 Gleason said, I will pass. The General said, " You must then enter 
 at the muzzle and come out at the touchhole." Gleason sneaked 
 off, and thus the controversy ended. The last clause of the 10th 
 Section and whole of llth Section of the Militia Law passed by 
 Congress, May 8th, 1792, were introduced at the instigation of Gen. 
 B. Lincoln with special reference to the Ar. Co. viz. " And whereas 
 sundry corps of Artillery, Cavalry and Infantry, now exist in several 
 of the said States, which by the laws, customs, or usages thereof, 
 have not been incorporated with, or subject to, the general reg- 
 ulations of the militia. Section llth. Be it further enacted, That 
 such corps retain their accustomed privileges, subject nevertheless, 
 to all other duties required by this act, in like manner with the other 
 militia." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 809 ; by John Foster, 
 Brighton Prov. XXIV. 6th. Printed. 
 
 1810. 
 EZRA WHITNEY, JR, Boston, son of Ezra, 1787. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ELEAZAR G. HOUSE, Boston, printer. 
 Publisher of the first edition of this History. 
 
 COL. DANIEL L. GIBBENS, Boston, grocer ; born in 
 B. Nov. 16th, 1786, and served his time at Braintree. 
 He commenced business poor, with a numerous family. 
 By his industry and frugality he accumulated property 
 and advanced in respectability. He was a man of kind 
 and tender feelings, very hospitable, and urbane in his 
 manners. A sincere friend of pure morals and integri- 
 ty. Ensign on the organization of the Boston Militia, 
 1809-10, and promoted regularly to be Colonel of the 
 2d Regiment. Captain of the Ar. Co. 1824. He was 
 a good officer, without ostentation. Indeed, all his es- 
 sential characteristics were generous, and more solid 
 than specious. Representative several years. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM KING, Boston, hatter; brother-in-law 
 of Col. Gibbens. Ensign of militia. He received a
 
 375 
 
 commission in the U. S. Army, 1812, and rose to be 
 Captain. Upon the return of peace, he commenced 
 business at Sackett's Harbor ; became President of a 
 Bank, and Colonel of a regiment of New York militia. 
 He died at Niagara, May or July, 1 829, of apoplexy. 
 Representative in the New York Legislature. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. MICHAEL ROULSTONE, Boston, glazier. 
 Lieut. Col. of the 2d Regiment. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 
 1818. He was inclined to corpulency, and took great 
 pride in his military office. A facetious friend (Lieut. 
 Redman) advised him, when elected Lieut. Colonel, to 
 purchase a new belt, made of India rubber. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL HEARD, Boston, cordwainer. 
 
 LIEUT. THOMAS REDMAN, Boston, paper-stainer. A 
 man of generosity and wit. 
 
 CAPT. SILAS WHITNEY, JR, Boston, truckman ; inn- 
 keeper at Charlestown, where he died, January, 1824, 
 aged 43. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN WHITNEY, Boston, truckman ; brother 
 of Silas. He was Steward's deputy for Har. College, 
 and died at Cambridge, June 21st, 1826, aged 41. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL CURTIS, Boston, leather-dresser. Ma- 
 jor in the 3d Regiment. He died October 21st, 1820, 
 aged 45. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS O. DRAYTON, Boston, bricklayer. Re- 
 
 j x re- 
 moved to Ohio. 
 
 ABRAHAM WOOD, Boston, shopkeeper. Died at 
 Northboro', July, 1821, aged 35. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN DODD, Boston, merchant ; born at Hoi- 
 den, Nov. 25th, 1779; served his apprenticeship in 
 Vermont. His brothers, Silas, 1816, and Benjamin, 
 1817. He had a melodious, powerful voice, possessed 
 an elegant taste and critical judgment in music. Mem-
 
 376 
 
 her of the Handel and Haydn Society, and he did much 
 to improve the style of church music. His excellent 
 songs, glees, catches, &c. were the life of the convivial 
 circle, and delight of the anniversaries. Lieutenant of 
 the Ar. Co. 1817. 
 
 EDWARD GRAY, Boston, housewright. Removed to 
 New York city. 
 
 COL. BENJAMIN LORING, Boston, bookbinder ; born 
 at Hingham. He rose regularly from an Ensign of 
 militia to be Colonel of the 2d Regiment. Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1816; Captain 1818, and many years 
 Treasurer. He was a bachelor, but universally popular 
 and justly esteemed, and there was as much of a bene- 
 diction in his countenance as in that of the late Presi- 
 dent Kirkland. 
 
 ENSIGN EDWARD CHILDS, Boston, livery stable keep- 
 er. Died August 22d, 1826, aged 43. 
 
 LIEUT. ZACHERIAH GARDNER WHITMAN, Boston, law- 
 yer ; eldest son of Hon. Benjamin Whitman, descended 
 from John, freeman 1638, one of the first planters and 
 proprietors of Bridgewater. He was born at Provi- 
 dence, R. I. Feb. 10th, 1789, and graduated at Harvard 
 College 1807. He waded through much social trouble, 
 but his biography may be best summed up by saying, 
 that Freemasonry, this ancient corps, Episcopacy, and 
 Antiquarianism, were the objects of his unwearied favor. 
 The manuscript of the History, left at his decease, was 
 given by his widow to the Ar. Co. together with seven 
 volumes of Anniversary Artillery Sermons, the most 
 perfect collection extant. The Company generously 
 acknowledged this donation by $100 in return. Lieut. 
 W. died at Boscawen, N. H. where he resided the last 
 nine years, March llth, 1840, aged 51, of disease of 
 the heart. He was Lieutenant of the corps 1819, and 
 Clerk several years. His prospects brightened near the
 
 377 
 
 close of life, and, though hasty in temperament, he was 
 always a man of good motives and strict integrity. His 
 body was brought to Boston, and buried under St. 
 Matthew's Church, of which he had been a strong sup- 
 porter. Many of the Company, though the notice was 
 short, attended his funeral. He was Ensign in the mil- 
 itia 1 809. His laborious research and patient hope to 
 render this edition a valuable work of history and biog- 
 raphy to the Company and the country, will remain a 
 rich legacy to his children. 
 
 CAPT. EBENEZER OSGOOD FIFIELD, Boston, trader. 
 Graduated at Dartmouth College, 1 804. 
 
 JAMES HOOPER, Boston, tailor ; born in England. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOSEPH JENKINS, Boston, housewright. 
 Officer of militia ; Lieut. Colonel of the 3d Regiment. 
 He was a reflective and self-taught man very industri- 
 ous, and had a numerous family. Misfortunes in busi- 
 ness rendered him poor. He then entered into a large 
 contract with the U. S. Government to build their Cus- 
 tom-House and other public buildings at New Orleans, 
 and became independent. Alderman, Representative, 
 and a distinguished Free-mason. 
 
 CAPT. JAMES B. MARSTON, Boston, painter. Officer 
 of militia. Died August 23d, 1817. 
 
 WILLIAM CUTTER, Boston, rope-maker. Died Octo- 
 ber, 1822, aged 41. 
 
 For several years the Ar. Co. had encroached upon their funds, by 
 annually appropriating a larger sum than the income to defray anni- 
 versary-expenses. Their uniform, blue and buff, had become totally 
 different from that of the militia, which reduced those who joined to 
 the necessity of providing two uniforms. The older members ex- 
 erted themselves to keep the institution alive. At the anniversary, 
 1810, only thirty-two appeared in the ranks. A stand of arms, with 
 complete accoutrements, and new badges for the officers, were pur- 
 chased. They also changed the uniform to conform to that of the 
 
 48
 
 378 
 
 militia officers. They were aided by liberal donations from distin- 
 guished citizens of the town, amounting to $802 25 ; the remainder 
 was taken from the funds, to restore which, the fee of admission was 
 increased from $5 to 615; and Col. Daniel Messinger, then com- 
 manding the 3d Regiment, was, for the second time, called to com- 
 mand. Notwithstanding the increased expense of membership, and 
 the diminished state of the productive funds, the experiment of 
 changing the uniform had a beneficial effect ; for, at the next meet- 
 ing, upwards of twenty gentlemen, mostly militia officers, were pro- 
 posed, and from that time a large proportion of militia officers have 
 been members. Little patronage was received from the 1st Regi- 
 ment. Some thought that political prejudices silently had an effect ; 
 but the Ar. Co. for many years, have never suffered the distinctions 
 of party to enter their ranks. The question is never asked, to what 
 party does the candidate belong? but, is he a gentleman and a sol- 
 dier ? The members always hare been, and now are, of different po- 
 litical sentiments; and it is a subject of congratulation and pride 
 among them, that they are united, confining their emulation to the 
 more noble object of advancing the common welfare. It is hoped the 
 glory of the institution will never be tarnished by any party distinction. 
 A company of Cavalry was raised this year in Boston, called the 
 Hussars. Their uniform was brilliant. The Hon. Josiah Quincy 
 was their first Captain ; but, in a few years, they were disbanded. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1810, by Charles Lowell, 
 Boston Sara. X. 12th. Printed. 
 
 1811. 
 
 CAPT. ROBERT CLARK, Boston, shopkeeper. Officer 
 of militia. In 1812, he received a subaltern's commis- 
 sion in the U. S. Army, and rose to a Captaincy. He 
 died in the service, on the frontiers. 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS WELLS, Boston, bookbinder ; son 
 of Capt. Thomas, 1786. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 1819. 
 He died at B. Dec. 31st, 1829, aged 49. A man of un- 
 assuming manners, great purity, and much beloved, 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH LEWIS, Boston, baker. A man of 
 quick, discerning mind, and public spirit. Represent- 
 ative.
 
 379 
 
 HORATIO GATES WARE, Boston, grocer. 
 
 DANIEL L. WARE, painter ; brother of the preceding. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSEPH D. ANN ABLE, Boston, housewright, 
 and grocer. 
 
 LIEUT. MOSES WATSON, Boston, housewright. 
 CAPT. ISAIAH ATKINS, Boston, tinman. 
 
 CAPT. JOSHUA SIMONDS, Boston, printer. Died sud- 
 denly, Jan, 29th, 1825, aged 45. 
 
 CAPT. FRINK STRATTON, Boston, grocer and auc- 
 tioneer. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM FERNALD, Charlestown, leather-dress- 
 er. Colonel of the Charlestown Regiment, and died 
 Dec. 15th, 1834, aged 53. 
 
 DAVID W. BRADLEE, Boston, wine merchant. Many 
 years Armorer of the Ar. Co. A man of a noble, phil- 
 anthropic spirit. Member of the Board of Health. He 
 died March, 1833, aged 68 wealthy. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. ARNOLD WELLES, Boston, merchant ; 
 born in Boston, Sept. 21st, 1761. He commanded the 
 Cadets several years. At the reorganization of the 
 militia of Boston as a Brigade, he was made Brig. Gen- 
 eral ; and by his zeal and military accomplishments, re- 
 stored harmony among the troops, and gave them an 
 exalted character for discipline. He commanded with 
 great ease and readiness. In 1811, while Brig. Gen- 
 eral, he joined the Ar Co. ; was chosen its Captain, and 
 the Company advanced in correct discipline. He grad- 
 uated at Har. College in 1780. He declined all public 
 offices, except in the military. The latter part of his 
 life he was President of an Insurance office, and devoted 
 himself to literary pursuits. He possessed an ample for- 
 tune, but had no children, and died of the croup, March 
 2d, 1827, aged 65. For some time previous to his death 
 he was almost perfectly blind.
 
 380 
 
 " A life* of uprightness and integrity, a most benevolent devo- 
 tion to the interest of individuals and the numerous societies with 
 which he was connected, while his health would permit, will long be 
 gratefully remembered. In his extensive connection with the militia 
 of the Commonwealth, his correctness and courtesy in periods of 
 difficulty, afforded him many proofs of attachment and respect from 
 his associates, which, next to a faithful discharge of duty, gave him 
 the highest satisfaction. He died in the firm hopes and faith of a 
 Christian, and has gone, we humbly trust, to receive the promised 
 reward." 
 
 CAPT. ANDREW ROULSTONE, Charlestown, wheel- 
 wright. Captain of Artillery there. Brother of Michael, 
 1810, and John, 1812. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. GEORGE SULLIVAN, Boston, lawyer ; son 
 of Gov. Sullivan, and gained his title by being his Aid- 
 de-Camp. He graduated at Har. College in 1801, and 
 was Secretary to Hon. James Bowdoin, Minister to 
 Spain. He was several years, after his return, in the 
 practice of law ; the first person elected Lieutenant of 
 the New England Guards, and afterwards their Com- 
 mander. He was Judge Advocate of the 1st Division. 
 He married a daughter of Lieut. Gov. Winthrop. Rep- 
 resentative and Senator. He now resides in the city of 
 New York. 1 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1811, by Horace Holley, 
 Boston Neh. IV. 14th, 18th. 
 
 1812. 
 
 CAPT. GEORGE WHEELER, Boston, merchant. Third 
 Captain of the Winslow Blues. He died May 24th, 
 1823, aged 44. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN ROULSTONE, Boston, truckman ; son of 
 George, a coppersmith, and born at Boston. When 
 the Oxford army was raised, during the administration 
 
 * Columbian Centinel, March 3d, 1827.
 
 381 
 
 of the elder Adams, he was appointed a Lieutenant. 
 He was Lieutenant of the Dragoons, when formed. 
 Commander of the Ar. Co. 1815. He had the reputa- 
 tion of being a good officer. His changeable disposi- 
 tion induced him to set up a riding-school, and here 
 he was in his element. Mounted on an elegant steed, 
 prancing among his female scholars, giving lessons on 
 the road, you would certainly think him the Grand 
 Seignor. (Tomb No. 138, on the Common.) 
 
 COL. JOSHUA B. PHIPPS, Charlestown, grocer. Col- 
 onel of militia. 
 
 CAPT. ASA RICHARDSON, Boston, grocer. He was 
 born in Billerica, and rose from poverty to affluence. 
 He committed suicide, from insanity, Dec. llth, 1833. 
 He was much respected. Aged 51. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN PARK, Boston, painter. Ensign of the 
 Ar. Co. 1820. 
 
 CAPT. PHILIP CURTIS, Boston, merchant. Ensign 
 of the Ar. Co. 1816. Soon after marriage he was af- 
 flicted with lingering sickness, and died August 20th, 
 1825, aged 39. He was buried at Sharon, where he 
 was born. The Ar. Co. attended his funeral, in citi- 
 zen's dress, as far as the South burial-ground. He 
 was active, intelligent, a zealous friend and lively com- 
 panion. 
 
 CAPT. LUKE-RICHARDSON, Boston, hair-dresser ; born 
 at Woburn, of obscure and indigent parents, who bound 
 him, a poor boy, an apprentice to a barber. He was 
 faithful, intelligent, industrious and discreet. When of 
 age, he set up for himself, without friends or capital. 
 His habits of frugality soon enabled him to purchase a 
 decayed estate of small value, near the Boylston Mar- 
 ket, where he set up the sign of the " Rose." He early 
 married a young woman of humble station, but by her
 
 382 
 
 virtues she made his days happy, except she bore him 
 no child for about twenty years. She dying, he again 
 married, and had several children ; but the scene was 
 reversed, his property began to dwindle, and he died 
 at Medford, April llth, 1830, aged 50. He was a 
 Captain of militia, and afterwards of the Dragoons. 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1818. 
 
 LIEUT. ROBERT G. MITCHELL, Boston, merchant. 
 Removed to Havana. 
 
 LIEUT. ELNA HAYT, Boston, ivory-turner. Died at 
 Savannah, Georgia, Jan. 17th, 1821, aged 33. 
 
 ICHABOD ROLLINS CHADBOURNE, Boston, lawyer. 
 Graduated at Dartmouth, 1808. Settled at Machias, 
 Maine. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. DANIEL DUNTON, Boston, merchant. 
 Lieut. Colonel of 1st Regiment. Ensign of the Ar. Co. 
 J817. He died Dec. 1st, 1820, aged 35 of consump- 
 tion. 
 
 LIEUT. HENRY S. WALDO, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ABNER BOURNE, Boston, merchant; born 
 at Middleboro', Mass. Dec. 4th, 1780. At an early age 
 he entered his father's store, and was there employed 
 until about seventeen ; when he chose to learn the trade 
 ot a carpenter, but did not pursue the business. He 
 was married, Nov. 28th, 1801 ; went to New Bedford 
 to reside, and engaged in the dry and West India goods 
 business. He removed to Boston in about three years, 
 and pursued the dry goods business for about ten years. 
 During this time he was connected with a voluntary fire 
 company, and also became much interested in military 
 matters. He was stationed at South Boston, as Adju- 
 tant of the Regiment, until he left the city and removed 
 to Brunswick, Maine, in 1817. He was Treasurer of 
 the Ar. Co. and the Handel and Haydn Society, (insti-
 
 383 
 
 tuted March 30th, 1815.) He was agent for the cotton 
 and woollen factory in Brunswick, about eight years. 
 After a lapse of about twelve years, he returned to Bos- 
 ton, and died June, 1840. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOHN LANGDON SULLIVAN, Boston, mer- 
 chant. Aid-de-Camp to his father, Gov. S. and a man 
 of enterprise. He removed to New York city. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN FROTHINGHAM, Charlestown. 
 EZRA REED, Boston, bookseller. 
 JOHN CHILDS, Boston, sailmaker. 
 JOSHUA BELCHER, Boston, printer. 
 LIEUT. JAMES RUSSELL, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 ENSIGN OTIS HOWE, Boston, jeweller. Removed to 
 Portsmouth, N. H. Died October, 1825, aged 37. 
 
 CAPT. DVAID MOODY, Boston, housewright. A dis- 
 tinguished architect and engineer in the improvement 
 of Lowell. Representative from Boston, and died in 
 1832, aged 50. 
 
 EPHRAIM DANA, Boston, merchant ; brother of Dex- 
 ter, 179S. 
 
 June, 1812, the Ar. Go. presented their Commander, Brig. Gen. 
 Arnold Welles, then at the head of the Brigade, an elegant sword,* 
 as a testimony of their respect a reward for his exertions to pro- 
 mote the interest of the institution, and for " his brilliant military 
 services, whereby the discipline of the Company had been so greatly 
 improved." The Ar. Co. on their field day, Oct. 4th, 1812, then 
 under command of Major Benjamin Russell, as Captain a second 
 time, marched to Medford, and encamped for the night. 
 
 During the war, a Company of Riflemen was formed in Boston, 
 whose first officers were Hon. Samuel P. P. Fay, of Cambridge, 
 Captain; John Wheelwright, Ar. Co. 1792, Lieutenant; and Phin- 
 eas Upham, Ensign. This company was disbanded soon after peace. 
 A company, consisting of masters and mates of vessels in Boston, 
 
 *The Sword of State, worn by Gov. Sullivan, and purchased of his heirs.
 
 384 
 
 was also formed, and called the Sea Fendbles. They adopted an 
 uniform suitable to their profession, and had two twelve-pounders. 
 They were armed with swords and pikes, and acted as Artillery. 
 Their first Commander was Nehemiah W. Shillings. They were 
 attached to the Boston Brigade, but not included in the Battalion of 
 Artillery, and were recently disbanded. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1812, by Eliphalet Porter, 
 D. D. Roxbury Heb. XI. 32d, 34th. Printed. 
 
 1813. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL B. FORD, Boston, merchant; born 
 in Wilmington, and died on his passage from South 
 Carolina to Boston, August 23d, 1821, aged 36. 
 
 JOHN BLUNT, Boston, grocer ; removed to the West. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. JOHN TARBELL, Cambridge, Deputy 
 Sheriff. 
 
 HENRY SPEAR, Boston, printer ; died August 1828, 
 aged 39, in New York. 
 
 DANIEL WISE, Boston, cordwainer and innkeeper. 
 
 ENSIGN GEORGE BARRELL, Boston, trader. He had 
 the peculiar talent of magnifying this subaltern office 
 by the splendor of his dress, his vast consequence to 
 the militia, and his never condescending to notice offi- 
 cers of less grade than Brig. General. He unfortunately 
 was superseded, and removed to the South 
 
 LIEUT JOHN L. PHILLIPS, Boston, painter. He 
 could not trace any connection with any Phillips before 
 named. He never held office in the militia, but was 
 Lieut, of the Ar. Co. 1820. A very industrious, intel- 
 ligent and substantial mechanic. Representative." 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1813; by John Pierce, 
 D. D. Brookline Ps. CXXII. 6 9th.
 
 385 
 
 1814. 
 
 LEVI BARTLETT, Boston, merchant ; born in Salis- 
 bury, N. H. ; Treasurer of the Ar. Co. Representa- 
 tive. 
 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL W. KENDALL, Boston, merchant ; 
 son of Rev. Samuel, of Weston ; removed to New York 
 and died January, 1821. 
 
 SAMUEL K. WHITE, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 LIEUT. CHARLES SPENCER, Cambridge, trader. 
 
 LIEUT. CHRISTOPHER GORE, Boston, painter. En- 
 sign of the Ar. Co. 
 
 ENSIGN CHARLES C. GRAY, Cambridge ; removed 
 to St. Louis, Missouri, and died January 26th, 1 820. 
 
 CHARLES A. DENNETT, Boston, merchant. 
 JOHN TYLER, Boston, merchant. 
 
 LIEUT. ETHAN ALLEN GREENWOOD, Boston, lawyer. 
 He graduated at Dart. Coll. 1 806. He became a por- 
 trait painter, and long the Overseer of the N. E. Mu- 
 seum. He removed to Hubbardston, and was Senator. 
 
 THOMAS ROBINSON, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 JONAS PROUTY, Boston, painter ; independent but 
 childless ; universally beloved for his unobtrusive phi- 
 lanthropy, and amiable temper. He was long an in- 
 valid, though a man of regular habits, and studious to 
 promote his health by travelling. He died suddenly, 
 Dec. 18, 1828, aged 47, of apoplexy. 
 
 ELEAZER NICHOLS, Boston, housewright. 
 
 WILLIAM EAGER, Boston, merchant ; (original name 
 Welcome.) 
 
 COL. LUSHER GAY, Cambridge, merchant; born at 
 Dedham ; a descendant of Maj. Lusher, 1638 ; Colonel 
 
 49
 
 386 
 
 of the Cambridge Regiment ; Lieut, of the Ar. Co. 
 1 822 ; removed to Albany. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN M. MARSTON, Boston, merchant ; 
 Consul. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. BENJAMIN HUNTINGTON, Boston, broker. 
 Lieut. Col. of militia. 
 
 HEMAN FAY, Boston, merchant. 
 
 JOHN KENDRICK, Boston, merchant; died Sept. 17th, 
 1834, aged 49. 
 
 CAPT. ASA TISDALE, Boston, hatter. This gentle- 
 man was very tall, erect, and broad shouldered. 
 
 On the return of peace, 1815, there were numerous militia vacan- 
 cies. An election took place on the same day in nearly thirty com- 
 panies. By way of joke it was proposed to elect Tisdale. The Ann 
 Street Company elected him Captain, and the Federal Street Com- 
 pany elected him Ensign. The Committee where he had been 
 chosen Captain waited on him first and he accepted, brought in his 
 dozen of wine, and with his fellow boarders, much enjoyment was 
 had. Before the first Committee had retired, the second arrived, 
 tendering him the office of Ensign. Nobody said any thing of the 
 previous election. Tisdale, really puzzled what to say, ordered in 
 another dozen of wine, and prepared, with much solemnity, to give 
 his answer, which was, that he felt highly honored, but could not 
 accept ; he was again urged by all the motives the ingenuity of the 
 Committee could suggest. Tisdale coolly and dryly answered that 
 he had just accepted of the office of Captain, and he did not see how 
 he could, with his great size, cover more space than that commission 
 required. 
 
 ASA TAYLOR, Boston. 
 
 EBENEZER GOODRICH, Boston, organ builder. He 
 died at Boston, May 13th, 1841, aged 58. 
 
 By accident it was discovered, (1816) that no records had been 
 made for four years. The deficiency was supplied by recollection, 
 and the preservation of reports. On the 14th of July, 1814, Capt. 
 William Howe issued orders to call the Company together on the 
 18th following. The United States were then at war with Great
 
 387 
 
 Britain, and Boston was threatened with invasion. Several members 
 were absent on duty by order of the Commander-in-Chief. All 
 necessary measures were taken to put the Company in readiness, 
 and they continued during the autumn of the year to exert themselves 
 to maintain their ancient character for patriotism. Capt. Howe 
 issued an order organizing the Company : Ensign Levi Melcher r 
 who held no commission, was ordered to perform the duties of Lieu- 
 tenant ; and the fourth Sergeant, Mr. Thomas Wells, the duty of 
 Ensign. The four oldest active members, not in commission, were 
 made Sergeants. This order was promptly complied with. Several 
 who had formerly been members rejoined, and Capt. Howe, at their 
 request, applied to the Commander-in-Chief for a commission. Caleb 
 Strong was Governor, and Maj. Gen. John Brooks, Adjutant Gen- 
 eral. Capt. Howe was advised not to take a written commission, as 
 that would render him a junior Captain and a junior officer to Capt. 
 Wells his Lieutenant ; but relying on the ancient usages of the Com- 
 pany, to hold himself in readiness, subject to his Excellency's orders, 
 through the Adjutant General, to act near his Excellency's person, 
 or where necessity should require. This was considered most 
 agreeable to the dignity and practice of the Ar. Co. in former times. 
 Capt. Howe performed his duty at this important period with great 
 honor to himself, and exactness of discipline. The official returns 
 of the Sergeants on guard were not exceeded in correctness by any 
 of the militia on duty, and probably not by any regular troops. The 
 Ar. Co. performed their regular field duty during this period,. in ad- 
 dition to the extra duty imposed by the crisis. On the 7th of De- 
 cember, 1814, the apprehension of danger having subsided, Capt. 
 Howe issued his orders restoring the Company to a peace establish- 
 ment. Before the spring campaign opened, peace was concluded, 
 which superseded the necessity of further extraordinary exertions. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1814; by Samuel Gary, 
 Boston 2d Sam. XXIV. 16th. Printed. 
 
 1815. 
 
 CAPT. EPHRAIM HARRINGTON, Roxbury, bricklayer. 
 Representative 1838. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1815; by Francis Park- 
 man, Boston Matt. X. 34th.
 
 388 
 
 .". 
 1816. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. FRANCIS SOUTHACK, Boston, baker. 
 Lieutenant Colonel of the militia. He died at Boston, 
 about 1835. 
 
 DAVID ANDREWS, Boston, merchant; removed to 
 Providence, R. I. ; he died at Boston, May, 1831, aged 
 40. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL RICHARDS, JR, Boston, innkeeper. 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1822 ; removed to Hingham. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. HENRY A. S. DEARBORN, Roxbury ; son 
 of Maj. Gen. Henry Dearborn of Maine. He resided 
 when young at Portland, and came to Massachusetts 
 when his father was appointed Collector of Boston. He 
 owned an elegant seat at Roxbury called Brinley Place. 
 On his father's being appointed a Major General in the 
 U. S. Army, he was made Collector, which office he 
 filled with great ability and integrity. He was removed 
 at the commencement of Gen. Jackson's presidency, 
 and immediately chosen a Representative from Rox- 
 bury, then Senator and Councillor, and elected to 
 Congress, 1831. He was Brigadier General of the 1st 
 Brigade, 1st Division, and Captain of the Ar. Co. 1816. 
 In 1 830, he received the honorary degree of Master of 
 Arts, in Har. Col. A member of the Am. Acad. of 
 Arts and Sciences, one of the Delegates from Roxbury 
 at the Convention of 1820, and appointed Adjutant 
 General, 1834-5. 
 
 CAPT. EZEKIEL JONES, Boston, jeweller; died July 
 14th, 1826, aged 38. 
 
 CAPT. NATHAN EATON, Boston, cordwainer ; born at 
 South Reading, and died August 31st, 1828, aged 46. 
 
 CAPT. JOSIAH WILKINS, Boston, trader ; removed to 
 Mobile where he was Alderman.
 
 389 
 
 COL. THOMAS HUNTING, Boston, merchant, born at 
 Belchertown, Sept. 25th, 1790. Colonel of the third 
 Regiment. Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1823; Captain, 
 1827. He was long an active and useful member of 
 the Financial Committee. He was of modest manners 
 amiable temper, industrious habits, and was rarely 
 known to make a mistake in military affairs. Repre- 
 sentative from 1834 to '41. Alderman many years. 
 Treasurer of the Ar. Co. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD BUGBEE, Boston, hair dresser. 
 
 CAPT. EPHRAIM WHITNEY, Boston, truckman, brother 
 of Silas and John, 1810. He died at St. Barts, April 
 23d, 1821, aged 34. 
 
 CAPT. JAMES N. STAPLES, Boston, wine merchant. 
 He was Clerk, and long a very useful member of the 
 Finance Committee. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1823. 
 
 CAPT. IRA BROWN, Boston. Removed to N. York. 
 
 LIEUT. SILAS DODD, Boston, merchant; brother of 
 John, 1810 ; died abroad May 28th, 1821. 
 
 LIEUT. PLINY SMITH, Boston, butcher. 
 
 CAPT. MICAH B. BACON, Boston, housewright. Re- 
 moved to the West. 
 
 January 23d, 1816. The Ar. Co. finding their financial concerns 
 again in a low state, voted to petition the Legislature for aid. The 
 Joint Committee unanimously reported in their favor. Their report 
 substantially was to purchase the arms and accoutrements, and loan 
 them thereafter, the Company keeping them in repair ; but their re- 
 port was negatived, and their petition, for the first time, was not 
 granted. Heavy as their burthens were, they soon raised by sub- 
 scription, $700, which freed them from embarrassment. Since that 
 time, a Committee of Finance, annually elected by ballot, superin- 
 tend the finances, and while that Committee rigidly adhere to the 
 examples before them, the Company can never be in a like condi- 
 tion. Unparalleled success has marked their way thus far, for under 
 the present arrangements, a large sum has been added to the pro-
 
 390 
 
 ductive capital, and the annual expenses gradually lessened, and in 
 time must be comparatively nothing. We ought to reflect, that the 
 selfish motive of present gratification is not worthy to be cherished 
 by a member of this ancient institution. We are bound to transmit 
 to posterity that which has descended to us enlarged and improved. 
 The $700 above alluded to was raised among the members, except- 
 ing a donation of $100, from Lieut. Gov. Phillips. This gift was 
 not the Jirst nor second of like amount, bestowed on this institution 
 by that benevolent, Christian, and patriotic friend of his country. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1816; by Paul Dean,* 
 Boston Rom. XIII. 4th. Printed. 
 
 1817. 
 
 LIEUT. BENJAMIN DODD, Boston, merchant ; brother 
 of John, 1810, and Silas, 1816. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN CONANT, Boston, trader. Died at Lou- 
 isville, Ky. September, 1822. 
 
 LIEUT. CHARLES W. GAYETTY, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. SIMON GARDNER, Boston, printer. A propri- 
 etor and editor of the Boston Commercial Gazette. He 
 died of a brain fever, April 15th, 1824, aged 34. 
 
 CORNELIUS BRIGGS, Boston, cabinet-maker, Roxbury. 
 
 LIEUT. ALFRED CURTIS, Boston, merchant; brother 
 of Philip, 1812. Removed to New York. 
 
 WILLIAM PALMER, Boston, merchant. His business 
 led him to New Orleans, the graveyard of New England, 
 where he fell a victim to the yellow fever. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. EBENEZER MATTOON, born at Amherst, 
 August 19th, 1755.f His ancestors came from Scot- 
 land, in 1662. His grandfather, Deacon Eleazer, moved 
 from Northfield, with his son Ebenezer, to Amherst, then 
 
 * This was the first Universalist minister chosen by the Ar. Co. 
 
 t The author of this memoir is unknown; the letter following was received in 
 answer to a letter from the compiler, requesting information relative to the nu- 
 merous stations he had been called to fill.
 
 391 
 
 called East Hadley, in 1734, and was one of the first 
 settlers of the town. He died in 1765, aged 79. Eben- 
 ezer, the father of Maj. General M. was a respectable 
 farmer in Amherst ; he died in 1806, aged 87. Eben- 
 ezer, the subject of this memoir, was admitted into Dart- 
 mouth College, a member of the Phi-Beta-Kappa So- 
 ciety while there. 
 
 After the examination in College, preparatory to the 
 degree of A. B. February, 1776, the country being in 
 alarm, and a heavy loss being sustained by the defeat 
 and death of Gen. Montgomery, young Mattoon, with 
 three of his classmates, volunteered their services, and 
 obtained permission from the College to join the army in 
 Canada. Although the army was in a broken situation, 
 yet he connected himself with a regiment of N. Hamp- 
 shire troops, enlisted for one year. Col. Budle, who 
 commanded this regiment, and his Adjutant, were soon 
 after arrested for malconduct, so that the command de- 
 volved on Lieut. Col. Wait, who appointed Mattoon 
 his Adjutant, which office he held until the army retreat- 
 ed to Ticonderoga. At that time, the regiment, origi- 
 nally 450 men, was so reduced by action, fatigue, and 
 capture, as not to contain more than 120, including 
 officers. Personally worn down by the small-pox, the 
 camp disease, and the toils of a soldier's life, he obtain- 
 ed a furlough, and returned to Amherst, to enjoy the 
 kindness and quiet of home. His ill state of health did 
 not permit him again to join his regiment. Partially 
 recovering his health, he was chosen, in 1777, a Lieu- 
 tenant of militia in his own town, and was immediately 
 ordered to Ticonderoga. He was in St. Clair's retreat 
 from that place, July, 1777. 
 
 In August following, he was detached by Gen. Lin- 
 coln, in a company of Artillery, commanded by Capt. 
 Furnival, in the Continental line, the militia being 
 fearful of entering the service under Continental offi-
 
 392 
 
 cers. After some difficulty, Lieut. Mattoon succeeded 
 in enlisting 48 men, who joined the company with him 
 under Capt. F. Gen. Lincoln, who was now at Pawlet, 
 in Vermont, was directed to join the grand army, under 
 Gen. Gates, at Bemis's Heights. In the last action at 
 that place, on the 7th of October, Capt. Furnival's com- 
 pany was engaged. Being closely pressed, the Infantry 
 gave way, and the fortune of the day seemed to be lost. 
 At this juncture, an old soldier, with a long hunting gun, 
 came near to Lieut. Mattoon, who said to him " Well, 
 Daddy, do you mean to leave us so?" "No," said he, 
 " I will give them one gun more." At this moment, a 
 cluster of officers was discovered about twelve rods 
 distant, and a General officer at their head. The old 
 man fired, and the General officer pitched forward and 
 grasped the horse's mane ; they were immediately en- 
 veloped in smoke. The old man said " I have killed 
 that officer, lefriim be who he will." This officer was 
 Gen. Frazier. The subject of these memoirs has never 
 doubted these facts, notwithstanding any testimony to 
 the contrary given by Gen. Wilkinson and others ; and 
 more especially as the Rifle corps, spoken of by Gen. 
 Wilkinson, was at that time more than eighty rods dis- 
 tant from the spot where Gen. Frazier fell. At the 
 close of the campaign, January following, Lieut. Mat- 
 toon returned once more to his father's house. The 
 next spring he was detached as a Lieutenant in the mil- 
 itia, and joined Col. Wade's regiment at Rhode Island, 
 and was in the action there, and retreat. At the close 
 of that year, 1778, he left the service. , t 
 
 He was Representative from Amherst, and Captain 
 of the militia there. In 1785, he was chosen Major, 
 and in 1787 Colonel of the 4th Regiment ; 1792, Brig. 
 General of the 1st Brigade, 4th Division; 1797, ap- 
 pointed by the Legislature Major General of that Divis- 
 ion, which office he resigned, 1816, and was appointed
 
 393 
 
 by Gov. Brooks as his successor in the office of Adju- 
 tant General. The next year he was admitted and cho- 
 sen to command the Ar. Co. In 1792, 1796, 1820 and 
 1832, he belonged to the Massachusetts College of 
 Electors of President. Senator in 1795 and 1796; 
 Sheriff of old Hampshire twenty years. He was a 
 member of the sixth and seventh Congress of the Unit- 
 ed States. November, 1817, he was seized with vio- 
 lent ophthalmia, which terminated in his utter loss of 
 sight. On the following June, he bade farewell to all 
 public employment. When the Convention was called, 
 in 1 820, to revise the Constitution of Massachusetts, he 
 was induced to take his seat as a member of that body ; 
 to deliberate and act in that assembly, composed of the 
 ablest jurists, the profoundest politicians, and the most 
 tried patriots. Thus has terminated the military and 
 political career of one, whose brow has been deservedly 
 decked with so many martial and civil honors. 
 
 "AMHERST, July 5th, 1828. 
 "Zach. G. Whitman, Esq. 
 
 " Dear Sir : I herewith enclose you a sketch of my life. Not 
 being able to write myself, a friend of mine undertook to be my 
 amanuensis. . When he came to copy it, he added some of his own 
 reflections, which appear to be improper to come from me. Several 
 friends have examined it, among which was Dr. Swift, who insisted 
 upon my forwarding it, as it is. I have complied with their wishes, 
 upon this express condition that it be submitted to your judgment 
 and friendship, whether to retain or expunge it, as you may think 
 proper. 
 
 " There is one circumstance omitted, which I should like to have 
 inserted in its proper place. The next morning after the battle of 
 the seventh, Gen. Lincoln's Aid-de-Camp being engaged in writing, 
 he requested me to mount one of their horses, and ride with him to 
 the lines. I did so, and soon found his object was to reconnoitre 
 the enemy's position. As he proceeded along the lines, he received 
 from the enemy a constant stream of fire from cannon and musketry ; 
 but he was so intent upon his object, that he appeared totally insen- 
 sible to his perilous situation. Being anxious for his safety, (and 
 
 50
 
 394 
 
 probably more so for my own,) I observed to him, that his life was 
 too valuable to the army to be thus hazarded. I had scarcely fin- 
 ished the sentence, when he was struck with a ball, that shattered 
 his ancle, and deprived the army of his services for a long time. 
 " 1 am, &c. E. MATTOON." 
 
 Gen. Mattoon was a scientific and practical farmer ; 
 a man of quick discernment, discriminating judgment, 
 independent frankness. When invited to join the corps, 
 he replied, " that although an old man, he should be 
 proud to shoulder his gun again in the ranks of that 
 Company." He entered with his peculiar zeal into the 
 cause of the institution; and to his personal exertions, 
 in a great degree, may be attributed the reintroduction 
 of field-pieces. At what period they abandoned the 
 use of great guns, is not known ; but probably in 1691. 
 In 1810, the project was started, to apply to the Legis- 
 lature for field-pieces; but, as the report contained 
 other suggestions of expensive improvement, the plan 
 was relinquished. 
 
 Gen. Mattoon, however, was not permitted to enjoy 
 the fruits of his own labor. He was heard to observe, 
 on the ^election day, when he was to have resigned the 
 badges of Commander, and in the ceremonies of which 
 he could not partake, that it was one of the most mel- 
 ancholy days he had ever been called to spend, as he 
 had calculated with no small degree of pride on that day. 
 
 The Governor and Council transmitted the following General Or- 
 ders to the Company : 
 
 In Council, July 3d, 1817. The Military Committee of Council, 
 to whom was referred a petition from a Committee of the Hon. and 
 Ancient Artillery Company, appointed for that purpose, requesting 
 a loan of a pair of brass field-pieces, that thereby they may be restor- 
 ed to the ancient situation of the Company, (as its name imports;) 
 as well as to assist them in acquiring a correct knowledge in the ex- 
 ercise of Artillery, united to their present improvements in Infantry, 
 respectfully report : That his Excellency be advised to direct the 
 Quarter-Master General to loan to the A. and H. Artillery Company
 
 395 
 
 a pair of brass six-pound cannon, completely equipped for field ser- 
 vice, and to supply said Company, for the use of said cannon, the 
 usual quantity of ammunition as directed by law for other Companies 
 of Artillery within the Commonwealth. 
 
 In Council, July 3d, 1817. This report is accepted, and by the 
 Governor approved. ALDEN BRADFORD, Sec'yofthe Com'th. 
 
 Commonwealth of Massachusetts. General Orders. Head Quar- 
 ters, Boston, July 12th, 1817. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief having, on the 3d instant, been advised 
 by the Honorable Council, to direct the Quarter-Master General to 
 loan to the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company a pair of brass 
 six-pound cannon, completely equipped for field service, and to sup- 
 ply said Company with the usual quantity of ammunition as is direct- 
 ed by law for other Companies of Artillery within the Common- 
 wealth : His Excellency accordingly directs the Quarter-Master 
 General to furnish by loan the Ancient and Honorable Artillery 
 Company with two pieces of cannon of the description above men- 
 tioned, together with complete equipments for the same, for field 
 service, and in every respect to comply with the above written ad- 
 vice of Council. The cannon thus loaned to be kept at the Labora- 
 tory in Boston, and when not in use to be under the care of the 
 Quarter-Master General. 
 
 By his Excellency's command. 
 
 WILLIAM H. SUMMER, Aid-dc-Camp. 
 
 In the beginning of the Revolution, the Americans had no Artil- 
 lery. While the troops were assembling in the neighborhood of 
 Boston, and the British had shut up the town, so that nothing could 
 enter or depart without their inspection, these field-pieces were de- 
 posited, in the gun-house at the South End. Samuel Gore, Ar. Co. 
 1786, with two others, laid a plan to obtain and convey them to the 
 American army. They privately, at night, removed a board from 
 the gun-house, whereby they entered, dismounted these pieces, and 
 secreted them in a load of manure, to be carried out of town. The 
 next day, the British unsuspectingly suffered the countryman to pass 
 with his load, and they were triumphantly carried to the American 
 camp. They were eminently serviceable to our army at the com- 
 mencement of the war, during which they were in many engage- 
 ments, and were taken and retaken several times. They were chris- 
 tened by the patriotic names of Hancock and Adams. At the close 
 of the war, they remained the property of Massachusetts, and were 
 confided to the care of the Ar. Co. After the peace, they were or- 
 namented with the following engraving : " The Hancock. Sacred
 
 396 
 
 to liberty. This is one of the four cannon which constituted the 
 whole train of Field Artillery, possessed by the British Colonies of 
 North America at the commencement of the war, on the 19th of 
 April, 1775. This cannon, and its fellow, belonged to a number of 
 citizens of Boston ; were used in many engagements during the war. 
 The other two, the property of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 
 were taken by the enemy. By order of the United States, in Con- 
 gress assembled, May 19th, 1788." 
 
 The piece called Adams, had the same engraving upon it. It was 
 split, in target practice, under Capt. G. Wells. The Governor and 
 Council afterwards gave both pieces to the Bunker-Hill Monument 
 Association, to be placed in the Monument. The State still fur- 
 nishes two six-pounders to the Company, with apparatus complete. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL DAVIS, Boston, merchant. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. THOMAS H. BLOOD, Sterling, hatter. 
 Representative and Senator, Brig. General of the 2d 
 Brigade, 7th Division, of Militia. A Delegate at the 
 Convention of 1820. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN BUTTERFIELD, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. FRANCIS WYMAN, Cambridge, trader. Died 
 December, 1 83 1 , aged 45. 
 
 NATHANIEL BRYANT, Boston, cabinet-maker. 
 
 While the Ar. Co. was commanded by Gen. Dearborn, an elegant 
 sword was presented by a Committee of past Commanders, on the 
 Common, Election day, June, 1817, to his Excellency Gov. Brooks, 
 in testimony of their esteem and respect. This sword and its para- 
 phernalia cost nearly $200, raised principally by subscriptions among 
 the members. 
 
 It appears, May 26th, 1817, the inventory of equipments of the Ar. 
 Co. was valued at $2515 82, and that their stand of arms was 64. 
 The productive funds of the Company consisted of 24 shares Union 
 Bank, Boston, $2400, and a certificate of United States seven per 
 cent, stock, of $400. These stocks were then much above par. 
 The funds are now ( 1842) $3950. The stand of arms, &c. in 1821, 
 were 100 ; Gen. Lyman gave the knapsacks, and a new standard was 
 given. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1817, by Daniel C. Saun- 
 ders, D. D. Medfield 2d Chron. XVII. 10th. Printed.
 
 397 
 
 1818. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN JV1. NEVERS, Boston, livery stable 
 keeper. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1827. 
 
 LIEUT. EBENEZER W. NEVERS, Boston, wood wharf- 
 inger, (brother of the preceding.) He died at Boston, 
 August 17th, 1838, aged 47. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. DANIEL BROWN, Boston, printer. Lieut. 
 Colonel of 2d Regiment. 
 
 LIEUT. ROBERT SOMERBY, Boston, jeweller. Died at 
 
 Roxbury, August 20th, 1821, aged 27. 
 
 \ 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1818, by Henry Colman, 
 
 Hingham Ps. CXXXVII. 5th, 6th. Printed. 
 
 1819. 
 LIEUT. GEORGE W. THAYER, Boston, merchant. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM SULLIVAN, Boston, lawyer; son 
 of Gov. Sullivan. Graduated at Harvard College 1792, 
 and became eminent in his profession. He was a man 
 of popular talents, and a polished gentleman. Repre- 
 sentative ; Senator ; Major of the Cadets ; but his diffi- 
 dence induced him to resign when offered the Colonelcy 
 of that corps. After several years he was selected by 
 the field officers of the Boston Brigade for their Com- 
 mander, and reluctantly accepted. Delegate at the 
 Convention of 1820. He was author of some useful 
 school books ; devoted himself to literature of late years, 
 and died about 1 838. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM H. SUMNER, Boston, lawyer ; 
 only son and Aid-de-Camp of Gov. Sumner ; was born 
 in Boston, July 4th, 1780; a descendant of Col. S. 
 Shrimpton, 1670, and William Hyslop, 1755. He grad- 
 uated at Har. Col. 1799. Representative. He succeed-
 
 398 
 
 ed Gen. Mattoon as Adjutant General. Captain of the 
 Ar. Co. 1821, and is now a gentleman of fortune. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. SAMUEL SWETT, Boston, lawyer. Grad- 
 uated at Har. Col. 1 800 ; afterwards engaged in mer- 
 cantile and literary pursuits, and was wealthy. He was 
 Aid-de-Camp to the Governor, by which he gained his 
 title, and first Captain of the New England Guards. 
 Representative. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. RUEL BAKER, Boston, painter ; born at 
 Sudbury. Lieut. Colonel of the 3d Regiment ; Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1824. 
 
 MAJ. BENJAMIN WINS LOW, Boston, merchant. One 
 of the Brigade staff. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. ELIJAH CRANE, Canton, yeoman. He 
 never sustained office in the Ar. Co. having joined it 
 when advanced in years, solely to encourage the militia. 
 His first office was Cornet of Cavalry, from which he 
 rose to Major General of the 1st Division, and served 
 in commission 21 years, or, to use his own expression, 
 "till he was free." He died February, 1834. 
 
 CAPT. PETER L. R. STONE, Boston, merchant. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. NATHANIEL AUSTIN, Charlestown, mer- 
 chant. Captain of the Warren Phalanx; Maj. General 
 of the Middlesex Division. Sheriff of Middlesex; Rep- 
 resentative ; Senator ; Councillor. 
 
 CAPT. EZRA HAWKS, Boston, tinman. 
 
 TIMOTHY Rix, Boston, merchant. Removed to Ha- 
 verhill, N. H. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. BENJAMIN T. PICKMAN, Boston, mer- 
 chant ; born in Salem. Aid-de-Camp to the Governor ; 
 Representative, Senator, and President of the Senate. 
 He died of apoplexy, March 21st, 1835, aged 45. 
 
 LIEUT. GEORGE STEARNS, Boston, trader.
 
 399 
 
 In 1819, the Ar. Co. printed a list of members, from 1638. This 
 list was made as perfect as possible, and the thought of compiling a 
 History was suggested. In the course of preparing the sketch, many 
 additions and corrections were made to that list, and it was again 
 printed, still imperfect. It was then ascertained that 134 were offi- 
 cers, who had no titles. Nearly as many now remain in this work, 
 for whom no correct title can be discovered. The Rules adopted 
 1819, were approved by the Governor and Council, viz : 
 
 Council Chamber, Feb. llth, 1820. The Committee of Council, 
 to whom was referred the Rules and Regulations of the A. and H. 
 Artillery Company, the same having been laid before the Executive 
 for approbation, according to ancient charter and usage, respectfully 
 report, that they have examined the same, and nothing therein being 
 found objectionable, they recommend that the same be approved by 
 His Excellency the Governor and the Honorable Council. Which is 
 submitted. SAMUEL P. P. FAY, Per Order. 
 
 In Council, Feb. llth, 1820. This report is accepted, and by the 
 Governor approved, ALDEN BRADFORD, Sec'y of the Com'th. 
 
 After the State Constitution went into force, the Boston Militia 
 formed one Regiment, with a Colonel, &c. Colonelcies were soon 
 abolished, and another Major added, till 1816, when Congress re- 
 stored them, and the State created, by brevets, Lieut. Colonels, to 
 be Colonels, &,c. In 1798, Boston and Chelsea Militia were a Le- 
 gionary Brigade, under a Brig. General ; Infantry, four Companies 
 each, formed Sub-legions ; Light Infantry and Artillery, each a Sub- 
 legion. The Sub-legion was under a Major, and all under a Lieut. 
 Colonel. In 1810, Boston and Chelsea formed three Regiments, or 
 the 3d Brigade, abolishing the title Legionary, the Infantry being 
 apportioned to them the Artillery being a separate Battalion. The 
 Major Generals have been, for the 1st Division 
 
 Benjamin Lincoln, Hingham, elected April 3d, 1786. 
 
 Henry Jackson, Boston, elected Feb. 18th, 1792. 
 
 Simon Elliot, Boston, elected June 18th, 1796. 
 
 Elijah Crane, Canton, elected June 16th, 1809. 
 
 Aaron Capen, Dorchester, elected 1830. 
 
 John S. Tyler, Boston, elected Feb. 4th, 1834. 
 
 Edward W. Bradley, Dorchester, elected . 
 
 Appleton Howe, Weymouth, elected 1839, 1841. 
 
 At first, the Ar. Co. re-elected eminent members to offices before 
 sustained, which is now uncommon. Maj. Savage and Col. Town- 
 send were Lieutenants twice, Captains five times ; Gen. Gibbons 
 Captain four times ; seven persons have been twice Captains, and 
 32 once Captains who were never Subalterns. The only names of
 
 400 
 
 officers of the Ar. Co. now lost, are the Lieutenant and Ensign of 
 1649, and the Ensign of 1741. 
 
 Since 1810, there have been founded The "New England 
 Guards;" " City Guards," now "City Greys;" " Pulaski Guards," 
 1836 ; " Washington Phalanx," first Capt. Kurtz, 1841 ; " High- 
 land Guards," 1837; "National Lancers," Cavalry, 1836, under the 
 patronage of Gov. Everett, who presented them a standard the most 
 efficient and best furnished corps in the State ; " Rangers," now 
 " Rifle Rangers ;" " Mechanic Riflemen ;" " La Fayette Guards ;" 
 " Montgomery Guards." The three corps last named, with the 
 " Winslow Blues," have been disbanded since 1810. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1819, by Thomas Gray, 
 Roxbury Rom. XI. 13th. Printed. 
 
 1820. 
 ENSIGN SAMUEL A. BELKNAP, Boston, jeweller. 
 
 ANDREW G. WINSLOW, Boston, merchant, son of Gen. 
 John, 1786. Clerk of the Ar. Co. He died at Cin- 
 cinnati, Ohio, Oct. 1832, of the Asiatic cholera. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. NATHANIEL GUILD, Dedham, house- 
 wright. Brigadier General of the 2d Brigade, 1st 
 Division. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. THEODORE LYMAN, JR, Boston, mer- 
 chant ; born in Boston, Feb. 22, 1792. He graduated 
 at Harvard College, 1810. Aid-de-Camp to the Gov- 
 ernor. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1821, under Gen. 
 Sumner. He had no practical knowledge of military 
 tactics, when he accepted that office. By the unex- 
 pected absence of Gen. Sumner one drill meeting, the 
 command devolved upon him. His ill success disap- 
 pointed the numerous members present. He dismissed 
 the Company early, and during the week following 
 studied most earnestly upon his duty. On the next 
 drill meeting he again commanded, and the contrast 
 was strikingly evident. Such was the deserved reputa- 
 tion he gained, that at the next anniversary he was
 
 401 
 
 elected Commander and chosen Brigadier General of 
 the Boston Militia,. No person ever commanded the 
 Boston troops with more distinguished fame. An en- 
 thusiasm and improvement in a new system of discipline 
 and tactics which he infused into the whole body drew 
 from men of high military fame the most decided 
 approbation. The praise of the Marquis La Fayette, 
 who had qn opportunity of witnessing his talents, was 
 spontaneous and unequivocal. He continues a very 
 useful member and possessing a fortune, he has not 
 been sparing in his liberal donations to the Ar. Co. or 
 the militia generally. Representative from Boston, 
 Senator, and Mayor of Boston. 
 
 COAXES EVANS, Boston, trader. 
 
 CAPT. EPHRAIM DODGE, Boston, innkeeper. First 
 Commander of the Militia of South Boston, upon that 
 section being set off as a Company by itself. 
 
 CAPT. PETER MACKINTOSH, JR, Boston, shopkeeper, 
 afterwards schoolmaster. A distinguished Commander 
 of the Boston Light Infantry. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN DARLING, Boston, plumber and gla- 
 zier. He commanded the Winslow Blues. Lieutenant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1825. 
 
 MAJ. ALEXANDER HAMILTON GIBBS, Roxbury, mer- 
 chant, born at Boston, August 2d, 1791. Lieutenant 
 of the Fusilliers, and afterwards first Captain and foun- 
 der of the " Norfolk Guards " at Roxbury, from which 
 he was promoted Brigade Major of the 1st Brigade, 
 1st Division. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1821, Captain, 
 1823. The following is an obituary notice of him.* 
 
 " Died in this city, March 5, 1827, Alexander H. Gibbs, Esq. 
 aged 35, suddenly of a pleurisy. Society has lost a very valuable 
 
 * Boston Patriot ; Chronicle, and Palladium of March 9th, 1827. 
 51
 
 402 
 
 member. He was a public spirited, active citizen, always prompt 
 to perform his whole duty as was exhibited in his zeal in several of 
 our military associations, in his punctual and energetic performance 
 of duty as an Engineer in our new Fire Department, and in the faith- 
 fulness to the government and urbanity to the citizens, with which 
 he always conducted as an officer of the customs. At the early age 
 of thirty, he was elected to the command of the Ar. Co. In all the 
 relations of private life he was uniformly exemplary, a kind and judi- 
 cious father ; a faithful and affectionate husband ; a generous, true, 
 and constant friend. His well proportioned, athletic, and graceful 
 form, gave to human view a prospect of long life, and a few days 
 since he was in the midst of us, full of health, activity and useful- 
 ness ; but God has changed his countenance, and sent him away, as 
 we humbly trust and believe, to receive the reward promised to the 
 faithful and just." He was a member of St. Paul's Church, and 
 upon his decease the Rev. Mr. Potter preached an excellent funeral 
 sermon. 
 
 COL. SAMUEL H. PARKER, Boston, bookseller. Cap- 
 tain of the Winslow Blues, Colonel of the 3d Regi- 
 ment, Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1822. He enlivened 
 every circle in which he met with his chaste and delight- 
 ful songs. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM W. CLAPP, Boston, the talented 
 editor of the Evening Gazette ; son of Capt. Bela, 
 1789. 
 
 MAJ. STEPHEN FAIRBANKS, Boston, saddler, after- 
 wards dealer in hardware. Brigade Major under Gen. 
 Sullivan. Representative, President of the Mass. Char. 
 Mechanic Association. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. CALEB HARTSHORN, Boston, hatter; 
 came from Walpole, Mass. Captain of the Fusilliers ; 
 Lieutenant Colonel of Boston Regiment. He became 
 insane about the year 1 838, and recovered. 
 
 MAJ. MARTIN BRIMMER, Boston, merchant. He 
 graduated at Harvard College, 1814. When in college 
 he commanded the University Corps. Captain of the 
 Rangers, and Brigade Major under Gen. Lyman. Cap-
 
 403 
 
 tain of the Ar. Co. 1826. Representative and Alder- 
 man. 
 
 CAPT. GEORGE A. HODGES, Boston, merchant ; born 
 at Salem. 
 
 COL. THADDEUS PAGE, Boston, grocer. Col. of Bos- 
 ton Regiment ; died January 27, 1837, aged 49. 
 
 COL. JOSEPH S. PORTER, Charlestown, cordwainer; 
 Captain of the Columbian Guards ; Colonel of the 
 Charlestown Regiment ; removed to New York. 
 
 LIEUT. CHRISTOPHER A. BROWN, Charlestown, shop- 
 keeper. 
 
 MAJ. JAMES TALBOT, Dedham, shopkeeper. One 
 of Gen. Crane's staff. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN MUZZY, Boston, grocer* 
 CAPT. CALVIN HATCH, Boston, tailor. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM H. HUNT, Boston, housewright; 
 died at Montreal, Sept 29th, 1824, aged 30. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. NEHEMIAH WYMAN, Charlestown, butch- 
 er. Captain of the Warren Phalanx ; Lieutenant Col- 
 onel of the Charlestown Regiment. He resigned his 
 Lieutenant Colonelcy and again commanded his favor- 
 ite corps and restored its discipline and numbers. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 820 ; by John Codman, 
 D. D. Dorchester Jer. IV. 6th. Printed. 
 
 1821. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM BEACH, Gloucester. Representative. 
 Colonel of militia. Delegate at the Convention, 1820. 
 
 CAPT. BREWSTER REYNOLDS, Boston, grocer. 
 ENSIGN ISAAC M. HAWES, Charlestown, trader. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ELIAB W. METCALF, Cambridge, prin- 
 ter to Har. University. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1824 ;
 
 404 
 
 Lieut. Colonel of militia ; Representative ; died Nov. 
 27th, 1835, aged 54. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. MICAH M. RUTTER, East Sudbury, yeo- 
 man ; Deputy Sheriff of Middlesex, and rose regularly 
 to the command of the Middlesex Division as successor 
 to Gen. N. Austin. Representative ten years ; Senator ; 
 died at Wayland (East Sudbury) May 8, 1837, aged 58. 
 
 COL. ISAAC KURD, JR, Concord, manufacturer or 
 innkeeper. Colonel of the 3d Regiment, 1st Brigade. 
 He died about 1828. 
 
 COL. ROBERT ROBINSON, Lynn, cordwainer. Col- 
 onel of militia. 
 
 COL. ARTEMAS CONANT, Stow, trader. Colonel of 
 militia. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM BALDWIN, East Sudbury, yeoman. 
 He succeeded Col. Conant. 
 
 COL. JOSEPH BDTTERFIELD, Tyngsboro', trader. Di- 
 vision Inspector. Representative. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL A. COBURN, Dracut, innkeeper. 
 
 MAJ. JOHN KEYES, Concord, lawyer. Representa- 
 tive ; Senator six years ; Judge Advocate ; Delegate at 
 the Convention, 1 820. He graduated at Dart. College 
 in 1809. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. WILLIAM BUTTRICK, Pepperell. Rep- 
 resentative five years. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. DRURY FAIRBANKS, Sudbury. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM ADAMS, Chelmsford. Captain of a 
 well disciplined Rifle Company. 
 
 CAPT. EBENEZER EATON, Dorchester, innkeeper. 
 MAJ. ABRAHAM GATES, Marlboro'. 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM A. BANCROFT, Townsend, yeoman. 
 Brigade Major.
 
 405 
 
 i 
 
 DOCT. WILLIAM INGALLS, Boston. Professor of 
 Anatomy in Brown University ; graduated at Har. Col. 
 1790. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. THOMAS C. AMORY, Boston, merchant. 
 He commanded the Cadets. Representative. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM TUCKER, Boston, merchant. 
 
 COL. DANIEL SHATTUCK, Coocord, trader. Repre- 
 sentative and Senator. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD BRACKET, Chelsea* 
 
 MAJOR SAMUEL BURR, Concord, trader. Aid to Gen. 
 Austin ; Representative. Died in 1 832. 
 
 LIEUT. MOSES GRAGG, Dedham, innkeeper. Caval- 
 ry officer. 
 
 CAPT. SILAS PIERCE, Boston, grocer. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL DOGGETT, Roxbury, merchant. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JONATHAN A. RICHARDS, Roxbury. Rep- 
 resentative. 
 
 ENSIGN STEPHEN S. DAVIS, Roxbury, trader. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL L. ABBOT, Boston, merchant. Cap- 
 tain of the Winslow Blues. 
 
 LIEUT. GEORGE M. GIBBENS, Boston, grocer; broth*- 
 of Col. Gibbens, 1810. Died October, 1830, aged 34. 
 
 CAPT. WINSLOW LEWIS, Boston, merchant. He 
 commanded the Sea Fencibles. Representative; Al- 
 derman. He commanded the Artillery detachment on 
 the CC anniversary of the Ar. Co. 
 
 LIEUT. AMOS SUMNER, Boston, tailor. 
 
 CAPT. SOLOMON LOUD, Boston, cabinet-maker. Cap- 
 tain of the Washington Light Infantry. Lieutenant of 
 the Ar. Co. 1827. Died January, 1833, aged 45.
 
 406 
 
 COL. LEVI BATES, Weymouth, trader. Colonel of 
 militia. Representative five years. 
 
 COL. CHARLES M. DOMETT, Boston, saddler. Colo- 
 nel of militia. Died previous to 1838. 
 
 CAPT. ISAAC DAVIS, Boston, shopkeeper. Captain 
 of the Boston Dragoons. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 
 1831. He was lost in the steamboat Lexington, on the 
 night of the 13th January, 1840, on her passage from 
 New York to Stonington ; only 4 or 5, out of 150 pas- 
 sengers, escaped. " His heart was the seat of kind and 
 generous affections, and he was delighting himself with 
 the thoughts of home,* on that sad night, when sudden- 
 ly, with a hundred others, he had but the fearful alterna- 
 tive of the burning flame or the suffocating wave." 
 
 LIEUT. LEWIS BAILEY, Boston, merchant. Died 
 January, 1834. 
 
 COL. FRANCIS PEABODY, Salem, merchant. He com- 
 manded the Salem Regiment. Representative; 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JAMES HAMILTON, Framingham. Found- 
 er and first Captain of a Light Infantry Company there. 
 Lieut. Colonel of militia. He kept the celebrated Ex- 
 change Coffee-House, in Boston. Lieutenant of the 
 
 Ar. Co. 1823. He removed to New York city. 
 
 
 
 CAPT. ELIPHALET WHEELER, Framingham. Second 
 Captain of the Light Infantry there. 
 
 CAPT. HENRY FOWLE, JR, Boston, block and pump 
 maker ; oldest son of Henry, 1 806. 
 
 CAPT. NATHAN HOBBS, Boston, jeweller. 
 LIEUT. FREDERICK GOULD, Boston, clothier. 
 
 COL. SILAS STEWART, Boston, grocer ; succeeded 
 Col. Domett. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1826. 
 
 *See Dr. Sharp's excellent Artillery Sermon, 1840,
 
 CAPT. WALTER FROST, Boston, coach-maker. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. JOSIAH S. FISHER, Dedham ; succeed- 
 ed Gen. Guild. Representative. Died October, 1828, 
 aged 38. 
 
 MAJ. THOMAS J. LOBDELL, Boston, merchant. He 
 commanded the South End Artillery, and the Battalion. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. HARRISON G. OTIS, JR, Boston, lawyer; 
 oldest son of Hon. H. G. Otis. Graduated at Harvard 
 College 1811. He commanded the Cadets. He died 
 on a journey among his friends, of apoplexy, at Spring- 
 field, January, 1827. A young gentleman of great 
 promise. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN ELLIOT, Boston, grocer. Died Septem- 
 ber, 1832, aged 48. 
 
 COL. JOHN F. BANISTER, Boston, cooper; oldest son 
 of John, 1 806. Colonel of the 3d Regiment. Adjutant 
 of the Ar. Co. 1828. 
 
 MAJ. ALFRED ALLEN, Walpole, now Charlestown, 
 merchant. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1829. A staff 
 officer under Gen. Guild. 
 
 MAJ. FREEMAN FISHER, Dedham, merchant. A staff 
 officer under Gen. Guild. 
 
 COL. PRENTISS HOBBS, Boston, wood wharfinger. 
 Colonel of 3d Regiment. Representative nine years. 
 
 COL. JAMES BROWN, Framingham. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. SALEM TOWNE, JR, Charlton, yeoman. 
 Colonel of militia ; Major General of the Worcester 
 Division. Representative and Senator. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM HOOTEN, Boston, sailmaker. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. JOHN TEMPLE WINTHROP, Boston, lawyer; 
 born May 14th, 1796 ; a descendant of the first Governor 
 of Massachusetts. He graduated at Harvard College in
 
 1815. Colonel of the 2d Regiment, and succeeded Gen. 
 Lyman in the Brigade. Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1824; 
 Captain 1 825. Representative. His name is altered to 
 John Temple James Bowdoin. 
 
 CAPT. EDDY FAIRBANKS, Roxbury. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD L. SCOTT, Boston, master mariner. 
 He commanded the Sea Fencibles. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOHN BRAZER DAVIS, Boston, lawyer; 
 grandson of Capt. Brazer, 1786, and son of Lieut. 
 Davis, 1801. He graduated at Har. College in 1815, 
 and was a Tutor. Editor of the Chronicle and Patriot. 
 Aid-de-Camp to Gov. Lincoln. Representative five 
 years. He died at Boston, December, 1832. "He 
 was a gentleman of great promise in his profession, and 
 has been much distinguished in our public affairs for 
 one of his years." 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM HARVARD ELIOT, Boston, lawyer. He 
 gaduated at Harvard College in 1815. Aid-de-Camp 
 to Gen. Lyman. He was a young gentleman of pleas- 
 ant temper, amiable manners, and enterprising spirit. 
 By the death of his father, Samuel Eliot, Esq. a pol- 
 ished gentleman of the old school he became possessed 
 of an ample fortune. He projected the building of the 
 Tremont Hotel. He was selected, though very young, 
 to succeed Hon. H. G. Otis as Mayor of the City, sev- 
 eral unsuccessful attempts having been made to effect 
 an election.' It was expected his popularity would unite 
 the contending parties. While the electioneering cam- 
 paign was going on, and just preceding the ballot, the 
 following appeared in the Courier, Dec. 8th, 1831 : 
 
 " A third candidate (Lyman and Wells) now formally presented 
 for our suffrages, is Mr. William Harvard Eliot, a gentleman whose 
 popularity with all classes of citizens will ensure him a very consid- 
 erable vote. Of the many good qualities which have given him this
 
 409 
 
 popularity, and justified his friends in bringing his name before the 
 public, we are prepared to speak cheerfully and liberally. * * * 
 " Alas ! The voice of praise and the commendations of friend- 
 ship have no power to recall the breath that is gone, nor can the re- 
 cital of claims to public honors and distinctions ' provoke the silent 
 dust, or soothe the dull, cold ear' of the dead. Well may we ex- 
 claim, in the language of Burke, ' What shadows we are ! What 
 shadows we pursue !' Our pen refuses all other office, than to blot 
 out nearly all that we had written as useless and unavailing ; for be- 
 fore we had finished our contemplated task, the subject of our recom- 
 mendation ceased to be a candidate for the honors that his friends 
 and fellow-citizens were preparing to bestow. William H. Eliot is 
 dead. That short sentence comprises all that can now be said of 
 him, in connection with the topics discussed in this article. His 
 merits deserve a different notice, but the present moment is to 
 affecting and here we stop." 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM WHITNEY, Concord, blacksmith. 
 
 LIEUT. EDWARD WATSON, Boston, jeweller. Died 
 about 1839. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL SNOW, Boston, master mariner. 
 
 He commanded the Sea Fencibles, and died at B. 
 
 / 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1821, by Edward Everett, 
 
 Prof. Har. Col. Ps. CXXVI. 10th. 
 
 1822. 
 
 CAPT. AMOS B. PARKER, Boston, bookbinder. Died 
 March, 1833, aged 37. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. JOHN S. TYLER, Boston, merchant. Prin- 
 cipal founder and first Commander of the City Guards. 
 He rose regularly to be Maj. General of 1st Division, 
 Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1827 ; Captain 1832. He was 
 born at Guilford, Vt. 1796, and was an excellent disci- 
 plinarian. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM A. DICKERMAN, Boston, merchant. 
 Removed to New York. Lieutenant of City Guards. 
 
 CAPT. HENRY HUGLE HUGGEFORD, Boston, lawyer. 
 
 53
 
 410 
 
 He graduated at Bar. College in 1817. Deputy Sheriff. 
 Clerk of the Ar. Co. He succeeded Gen. Tyler as Com- 
 mander of the City Guards. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 
 1828. He became insane in 1840, having lost his prop- 
 erty. He was a generous, firm, useful and honorable 
 man, and died at Worcester, April 1, 1841, aged 42. 
 
 CALVIN WASHBURN, Boston, merchant. 
 
 CAPT. RUSSELL GLOVER, Boston, master mariner. 
 Captain of the Sea Fencibles. Removed to New York 
 city. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM L. SMITH, Boston, grocer. Captain 
 of the South End Artillery. Removed to Lexington. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM L. FOSTER, Boston ; son of Rev. 
 Edmund, of Littleton. Captain of U. S. Infantry, 1812. 
 He died June llth, 1822. He appeared in the ranks 
 on the first Monday of June, 1822. 
 
 COL. SAMUEL JACQUES, Charlestown, merchant. Di- 
 vision Inspector. Representative. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL GOODENOW, Cambridge, innkeeper. 
 He raised and first commanded a well disciplined Light 
 Infantry Company, at Cragie's Point. He removed to 
 New Hampshire, and lastly to Windsor, Vt. A gentle- 
 man of benevolent, convivial feelings. 
 
 CAPT. OTIS B. PRESCOTT, Cambridge. Removed 
 south. 
 
 CAPT. GENET HOLBROOK, Boston, grocer. Died Nov. 
 21st, 1826, aged 31. He added much to the festivities 
 of the Company by the taste and purity of his songs. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. EBENEZER NEAL, Lynn. Militia officer. 
 
 COL. DANIEL N. BREED, Lytfn, innkeeper. Colonel 
 of militia. 
 
 ENSIGN JOSHUA C. BATES, Boston, trader.
 
 411 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL HOBBS, Weston, tanner ; brother of 
 Col. P. Hobbs, 1821. Representative. 
 
 JOHN H. PEARSON, Boston; born in Wilmington. AR 
 enterprising merchant, and most estimable man. 
 
 MAJ. Louis DENNIS, Boston, mason. Major of 2d 
 Regiment. An excellent officer and estimable citizen. 
 Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1833 ; Captain, 1838. .He was 
 born at Hardwick, Mass. Feb. 8, 1799. He com- 
 manded the Fusilliers, and again when their name was 
 changed to Hancock Light Infantry. 
 
 LIEUT. ASA CLARK, Boston, glazier. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ELI AS KINGS LEY, Boston, plaisterer. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN RUGGLES, Cambridge, victualler ; Cap- 
 tain of Light Infantry. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL T. CURTIS, Cambridge, leather-dres- 
 ser. A very industrious, frugal and temperate man. 
 He had acquired property, and had several children. 
 He fell among gamblers, who stripped him in four 
 weeks of all he possessed. In pursuit of them he was 
 found hanging to a bed-post at Providence Hotel. Sus- 
 picions arose of his being murdered. 
 
 CAPT. GEORGE JOHNSON, Lynn. 
 LIEUT. JACOB H. BATES, Cambridge. 
 
 LIEUT. CHARLES EVERETT, Cambridge. Represen- 
 tative. 
 
 COL. SAMUEL LEARNED, Watertown, housewright ; 
 born at W. March 9th, 1789. Colonel of militia, Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1825; Captain, 1828. He died 
 of the Asiatic cholera in 1832, at Whitehall, Vt. 
 
 COL. ELISHA STRATTON, Watertown, innkeeper. 
 He succeeded Col. Learned. Lieutenant of the Ar. 
 Co. 1826.
 
 412 
 
 CAPT. JAMES GARLAND, Boston, housewright. 
 CAPT. FRANCIS ALDEN, Dedham, innkeeper. 
 
 JOSIAH W. HOMES, Boston, merchant; died Dec. 
 1833, aged 40, while Armorer. 
 
 DANIEL MESSINGER, JR, Boston, hatter; oldest son 
 of Col. M. 1792. 
 
 ELISHA KING, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 MAJ. MARSHALL B. SPRING, Watertown, lawyer ; 
 graduated at Har. College, 1812. An officer of the 
 Cadets. Representative. He died Sept. 17th, 1825, 
 aged 33. " The worth of this young man was such," 
 says his obituary, " that the town attended his funeral 
 at the meeting-house, and a sermon was preached." 
 
 CAPT. JOHN FARRIE, JR, Boston, lawyer ; son of 
 John, cooper, Boston. He was distinguished by school 
 honors in his youth, and educated a lawyer without a col- 
 lege education. He possessed the qualities which make 
 the useful citizen, was social, liberal, energetic, and 
 public spirited. Captain of the Winslow Blues, and 
 their Treasurer, extricating them from heavy embarrass- 
 ments. Assistant Clerk of the Senate. He died Oct. 
 13th, 1826, aged 32, of rapid consumption. He never 
 had an enemy, was dutiful and affectionate, in all re- 
 lations, ever doing good offices. He dined with his 
 father and family on the day of his death. Fully per- 
 suaded of the near approach of death, he heard with 
 perfect composure his physician apprize him of his situ- 
 ation ; conversing with his friends without alarm, and 
 died giving directions respecting a cause of his client. 
 He was never married. Although no public notice had 
 been given of his funeral, it was attended by a long 
 procession, composed of the Bar, the Ar. Co. and vari- 
 ous societies. 
 
 COL. FRANCIS B. FAY, Southboro', yeoman ; repre-
 
 413 
 
 sented that town, 1830; removed to Chelsea and was 
 Representative ; Senator, 1 842. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL HASTINGS, 2o, Boston, housewright. 
 LIEUT. REUBEN VOSE, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 BR*G. GEN. JOSIAH L. C. AMEE, Boston, sailmaker. 
 Colonel of the 3d Regiment ; Brig. General, August 3d, 
 1836. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1835. 
 
 CAPT. AMOS H. HASKELL, Boston, bookbinder. 
 CAPT. REUBEN CARVER, JR, Boston, trader. 
 LIEUT. EDDY FAIRBANKS, Roxbury. 
 
 LIEUT. SUMNER FULLER, Boston, soap boiler ; mem- 
 ber of O. S. Church. 
 
 CAPT. NICHOLS TOWER, Cohasset, trader. 
 CAPT. CHARLES HUBBARD, Boston, sign painter. 
 CAPT. JAMES SHARP, Boston, cabinet maker. 
 
 COL. HENRY S. KENT, Boston, trader; succeeded 
 Col. Stewart. 
 
 MAJ. ABRAHAM EDWARDS, Cambridge, lawyer ; grad- 
 uated at Har. College in 1819. Brigade Major. Ad- 
 jutant of the Ar. Co. 1825; Captain, 1842. Repre- 
 sentative from Brighton and Cambridge. He com- 
 manded the " Mass. Guards " at Cambridge. He was 
 born in Boston, Sept. 7th, 1 798. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1822; by John G. Pal- 
 fray, Boston Jer. VI. 16th. 
 
 1823. 
 
 CAPT. THADDEUS B. BIGELOW, Cambridge ; gradu- 
 ated at Har. College, 1820. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS HAVILAND, Boston, plaisterer. 
 ENSIGN BENJAMIN TRUE, Boston.
 
 414 
 
 ABRAHAM WILD, ESQ, Boston, lawyer ; graduated at 
 Har. College, 1 809 ; oldest son of Abraham, 1 788. He 
 died suddenly, Sept. 30th, 1 825, aged 35. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLARD PARTRIDGE, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS P. CARVER, Boston, trader ; brother 
 ofCapt. C. 1822. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM H. HOWARD, Boston, iron founder. 
 CAPT. ELIJAH PACKARD, Boston, machinist. 
 
 CAPT. LUTHER PARKER, Boston, truckman. Captain 
 of the Dragoons. 
 
 CAPT. ALEXANDER PARRIS, Boston, architect. Cap- 
 tain of U. S. Artificers, 1812. 
 
 CAPT. EDMUND LONGLEY, Boston, blacksmith ; died 
 1832. 
 
 LIEUT. THOMAS HARBACK, JR, Boston, grocer. 
 ENSIGN CLARENDON WHEELOCK, Shrewsbury. 
 ENSIGN ISAAC T. DUPEE, Boston, apothecary. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM C. STIMPSON, Boston, druggist. 
 Captain of the Winslow Blues. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOSIAH QUINCY, JR, Boston, lawyer; 
 son of the President of H. Col. ; graduated at Har. 
 College, 1821 ; Captain of the Ar. Co. 1829. Lieu- 
 tenant of the B. L. Infantry, and Aid to Gov. Lincoln. 
 He was born in Pearl Street, Boston, January 17th, 
 1802, and President of the Senate, 1842. His ready 
 wit and talent at presiding are preeminent. 
 
 ENSIGN JAMES SINCLAIR, Boston, housewright. 
 COL. SAMUEL WARD, Shrewsbury.; 
 LIEUT. COL. JOHN B. BATES, Plymouth, mason. 
 MAJ. JOSEPH W. NEWELL, Charlestown.
 
 415 
 
 CAPT. JAMES HUNT, Boston, housewright. Captain 
 of the Mechanic Riflemen and Winslow Blues. Lieu- 
 tenant of Ar. Co. 1837. 
 
 LIEUT. NATHANIEL GREENE, Boston, printer. Post- 
 master. 
 
 CAPT. SERIAH STEVENS, Boston, machinist. Captain 
 of the Pulaski Guards. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1823 ; by John S. J. Gar- 
 diner, D. D. Boston Acts X. 1st, 2d. Printed. 
 
 1824. 
 CAPT. DERASTUS CLAPP, Boston, auctioneer. 
 
 CAPT, PARKER H. PIERCE, Boston, merchant; Cap- 
 tain of the Boston Light Infantry. An excellent offi- 
 cer; Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1826; Captain, 1830; 
 born at Little Compton, R. I. Dec. llth, 1794. The 
 Ar. Co. performed escort under his command at the 
 Second Century Celebration of Boston. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH CONVERSE, Boston, grocer. 
 CAPT. JOHN T. DINGLEY, Boston, hatter. 
 
 CAPT. STEPHEN WILEY, Charlestown, stable keeper. 
 Captain of the Dragoons. Representative. 
 
 CAPT. EDMUND F. DIXEY, Marblehead, tailor ; offi- 
 cer of Cavalry in Salem ; removed to Worcester. 
 
 CAPT. AMOS BRIDGES, Holliston. Captain of Light 
 Infantry. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL L. HOOPER, Marblehead, mer- 
 chant. Graduated at Har. College 1819. Captain of 
 Light Infantry. 
 
 CAPT. ELISHA WINSLOW, Boston, merchant. 
 
 MAJ. WYMAN RICHARDSON, Woburn, lawyer. Grad- 
 uated at Har. College 1804. Died in 1841.
 
 416 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ABIJAH ELLIS, Hopkinton. Captain of 
 a Rifle Company; Lieut. Colonel of militia ; Lieuten- 
 ant of the Ar. Co. 1834. 
 
 ENSIGN JOHN T. GLEASON, Boston, merchant, 
 
 CAPT. JOSIAH WHEELWRIGHT, Boston, merchant. He 
 died Nov. 19th, 1826, aged 25, in consequence of fa- 
 tigue, at a Division Review at Dedham. A very amia- 
 ble young man, recently married. 
 
 ENSIGN JOSEPH V. HEATH, Boston, shopkeeper; 
 grandson of Gen. Heath, 1754. 
 
 CAPT. CHARLES BRACKETT, Newton, butcher. Cap- 
 tain of Cavalry. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1824, by James Walker, 
 Charlestown Ps. XX. 5th. 
 
 1825. 
 
 CAPT. MARTIN WILDER, Boston, blacksmith. Cap- 
 tain of Artillery in Watertown. His father, who had 
 twenty-one children, lived in Hingham, where he was 
 born. He married in 1 841 . Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 
 1 830 ; Armorer. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM B. ADAMS, Marblehead. Officer in 
 the U. S. Army, 1812. Collector of the port of M. 
 Captain of Light Infantry ; Lieut. Colonel of the Salem 
 Regiment. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1830; Captain 
 1 83 1 . Representative. 
 
 CAPT. GILLAM B. WHEELER, Boston, housewright. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN A. BOUTELLE, Boston, glass-cutter. Re- 
 moved to New York. 
 
 COL. AMOS S. ALLEN, JR, Boston, innkeeper. Colo- 
 nel of 1st Regiment. 
 
 CAPT. GEORGE PAGE, Boston, housewright.
 
 417 
 
 Nov. 10th, 1825 Fire in Court street. The offices of Gen. Win- 
 throp, the Commander, and Z. G. Whitman, Clerk, were burnt, con- 
 taining a transcript of the records, with a corrected roll of the Ar. 
 Co. from its foundation, and a list of officers and preachers of the 
 annual sermon. The Ar. Co. had paid Mr. Whitman $125 for 
 transcribing it. Gen. Winthrop immediately gave the Company a 
 new folio book. The old records in Mr. W.'s office, being on the 
 lower floor, were saved. It took ten years to complete the second 
 transcript, which is deposited in the Athenaeum. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1825, by Nath'l L. Froth- 
 ingham, Boston 1st Mac. IV. 38th, 40th. Printed. 
 
 1826. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN DORR, Charlestown, tailor. 
 MAJ. EZRA STONE, Cambridge, glass-cutter. 
 CAPT. ISAAC STONE, Watertown, yeoman. 
 ENSIGN EDWARD DANA, Watertown, trader. 
 
 MAJ. GEORGE W. ADAMS, Boston, lawyer ; oldest son 
 of President J. Q. Adams. Graduated at Har. College 
 1821. Successor of Capt. Huggeford, in the City 
 Guards ; Brig. Major. He was drowned on his pas- 
 sage to New York, near Hurl-Gate. 
 
 LIEUT. JAMES HENRY, Boston, housewright. 
 LIEUT. RICHARD W. HIXON, Dorchester, 
 CAPT. DAVID DALEY, Cambridge. 
 
 MAJ. NAPOLEON BONAPARTE MOUNTFORT, Boston, 
 trader. Removed to New York city. 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL TISDALE, Boston. 
 
 ENSIGN CALVIN TAYLOR, Boston, innkeeper. 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM C. TYLER, Boston, merchant ; brother 
 and Brigade Major of Gen. Tyler. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1826, by Francis W. P. 
 Greenwood, Boston Isaiah XLI. 22d. Printed^ 
 
 53
 
 418 
 
 1827. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM LINGHAM, Roxbury, miller. 
 COL. ABRAHAM BIGELOW, Natick, yeoman. 
 
 COL. NATHAN ADAMS, Hopkinton, yeoman ; succeed- 
 ed Col. Bigelovv in the militia. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL LYNES, Boston, housewright. Captain 
 of the Washington Artillery ; Major of the Battalion. 
 
 MAJ. JONATHAN AMORY, JR, Boston, (now N. York,) 
 merchant. Major of the Independent Cadets ; Lieu- 
 tenant of the Ar. Co. 1829. 
 
 CAPT. OTIS DRURY, Natick ; merchant, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS SIMPSON, Boston, broker ; born at 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 CALEB STRONG WHITMAN, Boston, physician ; M. D. 
 at Har. College, 1831 ; brother of Z. G. W. 1810. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. SAMUEL CHANDLER, Lexington, innkeeper. 
 An officer in the U. S. Army, 1812. Colonel of militia ; 
 Lieutenant of Ar. Co. 1828; Brig. General Dec. 12th, 
 1834, and Major General of the Middlesex Division, 
 Feb. 13th, 1835. Captain of Ar. Co. 1836. Senator 
 of Middlesex, and is now Sheriff. Amiable in dispo- 
 sition, noble in appearance, upright and deliberate. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1827, by John Brazer, 
 Salem Ps. CXXV11. 1st. 
 
 1828. 
 
 JOHN MARSHALL WARD, Boston, merchant ; son of 
 Chief Justice Ward. 
 
 MAJ. DAVID LEE CHILD, Boston, lawyer. Sub-mas- 
 ter of Latin School. Graduated at Har. College 1817. 
 An officer in the Spanish Patriot service, South Amer- 
 ica. On his return he commanded the Fusilliers, and
 
 419 
 
 was Brigade Major. Representative ; Editor of a news- 
 paper, and now engaged in the manufacture of beet 
 sugar, in the interior. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM CARLTON, Boston, tinman. 
 ENSIGN LUTHER B. WYMAN, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM TILESTONE, Cambridge, stable keep- 
 er. Captain of Light Infantry. 
 
 CAPT. JOSIAH DUNHAM, JR, Boston, rope maker.. 
 First Captain of the Pulaski Guards, 1836. 
 
 CAPT. LOWELL PRATT, Boston, iron founder. 
 LIEUT. FRANCIS H. P. HOMER, Boston, trader. 
 THOMAS J. LELAND, Boston, butcher. 
 CAPT. WILLIAM HAYDEN, Boston, painter. 
 CAPT. JOHN DAY, Boston, silversmith. 
 CAPT. HENRY F. ALEXANDER, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. EBENEZER N. STRATTON, Boston ; son of 
 Capt. S. 1811. 
 
 CAPT. JONAS DAVIS, Roxbury. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM H. SPOONER, Roxbury, shopkeeper ; 
 grandson of Gen. William Heath, 1754. Colonel of 
 militia; Adjutant of Ar. Co. 1829. He commanded 
 the highly disciplined "Norfolk Guards," 1841. Rep- 
 resentative. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSEPH MERRIAM, JR, Lexington, trader. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. AARON CAPEN, Dorchester, yeoman ; suc- 
 ceeded Gen. Crane. Removed to Gardiner, Maine. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. THOMAS TAYLOR, Quincy, yeoman. Brig. 
 General of 1st Brigade, 1st Division. Representative; 
 Deputy Sheriff. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. BENJAMIN L. SAUNDERSON, West Cam- 
 bridge, yeoman. Lieut. Colonel of militia.
 
 420 
 
 COL. ARTEMAS DRYDEN, JR, Holden, machinist. 
 CAPT. BILLINGS SMITH, Cambridge, grocer. 
 LIEUT. ARAB BAYLEY, Watertown, cordwainer. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. AMOS H. LIVERMORE, Watertown, yeo- 
 man. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM D. LOWNES, Roxbury, machinist. 
 
 LIEUT. HENRY J. BAXTER, Lowell, tailor. 
 
 COL. AMASA G. SMITH, Boston, housewright, after- 
 wards merchant. Colonel of the 2d Regiment ; Lieu- 
 tenant of Ar. Co. 1831, and commander 1837. He was 
 born at Barre, Mass. March 13th, 1801. He first com- 
 manded the Light Infantry Regiment of Boston, and 
 was a soldier of high reputation, and a man of the kind- 
 est disposition. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. DANIEL D. BROADHEAD, Boston, mer- 
 chant. 
 
 COL. THOMAS LIVERMORE, Watertown, yeoman; 
 brother of Lieut. Col. Amos. He commanded a regi- 
 ment of Artillery. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1834. A 
 church member. 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM FOSTER OTIS, Boston, lawyer; broth- 
 er of Lieut. Col. H. G. Otis, jr, 1821. He graduated 
 at Har. Col. 1821. Judge Advocate; Representative. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. THOMAS DAVIS, Boston, merchant. Colo- 
 nel of the 1st Regiment; Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 
 1831; Captain 1835; Brig. General 1834. He was 
 born at Holden, Mass. June 2d, 1796. His father, 
 Thomas D. was a revolutionary soldier. He was the 
 founder and first Captain of the National Lancers, 
 founded in June, 1837. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. ABIJAH THOMPSON, Woburn. Colonel of 
 Artillery.
 
 421 
 
 CAPT. CEPHAS HOUGHTON, Waltham, wheelwright. 
 Captain of Light Infantry. He removed to Warner, 
 N. H. and became a wealthy and scientific farmer. 
 
 CAPT. URIAH B. STEARNS, Waltham, yeoman. 
 CAPT. JEFFERSON DODGE, Waltham, blacksmith. 
 CAPT. ROBERT M. BALDWIN, Waltham, yeoman. 
 LIEUT. CONVERS SMITH, Waltham, yeoman. 
 LIEUT. GEORGE W. DANIELS, Waltham, blacksmith. 
 NATHANIEL SHERMAN, Boston, housewright. 
 
 CAPT. FRANCIS BRINLEY, JR, Boston, lawyer. Grad- 
 uated at Har. Col. 1818. He commanded the "Rifle 
 Rangers." Removed to Bangor and Providence. 
 
 MAJ. FRANCIS HOLDEN, Boston, grocer. 
 
 COL. MARSHALL P. WILDER, Boston, merchant. 
 Colonel of a Regiment in New Hampshire. A distin- 
 guished horticulturalist. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1828 ; by John Pierpont, 
 Boston 1st Cor. IX. 7th, 1st clause. Printed. 
 
 1829. 
 
 GEORGE H. WHITMAN, Boston, lawyer ; brother of 
 Lieut. Z. G. 1810; graduated at Har. College, 1827. 
 His baptismal name was John Winslow. Clerk of the 
 Ar. Co. from 1833 to 1842. Born at Boston, Feb. 10, 
 1808. Author of a Prize Essay on a Congress of Na- 
 tions to settle international disputes without war, 
 
 LIEUT. SUMNER CROSBY, Boston, tailor. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN EATON, Boston, stereotyper. Adjutant 
 of Ar. Co. 1831. 
 
 CAPT. SAMUEL S. PERKINS, Boston, housewright. 
 
 JAMES W. CONVERSE, Boston, merchant ; brother of 
 Capt. Converse, 1824.
 
 422 
 
 COL. JOHN P. BIGELOW, Boston, lawyer; son of 
 Hon. Timothy Bigelow of Groton. He graduated at 
 Harvard College, 1815. Division Inspector. Repre- 
 sentative seven years. Secretary of Massachusetts. 
 He commanded the Medford Ind. L. Infantry. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSIAH S. CLARK, Watertown. 
 LIEUT. ISAAC P. CLARK, Watertown. 
 LIEUT. JOSEPH LOPEZ, Cambridge. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOHN P. CLAPP, Dorchester, lawyer ; 
 a descendant of Capt. Roger, 1 646. 
 
 COL. JOSEPH B. TOWLE, Roxbury. 
 
 COL. JAMES JACQUES, yeoman ; Representative from 
 Wilmington. 
 
 LIEUT. EDMUND PARKER, JR, Woburn. 
 CAPT. JOHN C. MANN, Boston, iron founder. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. PRENTICE SABIN, Putney, Vermont, yeo- 
 man ; Representative in the Vermont Legislature, and 
 sustained several municipal offices. He was a man of 
 enterprise, and attended the Brighton market with val- 
 uable droves of cattle and horses, and had accumulated 
 property, but became deranged and poor. 
 
 LIEUT. EPHRAIM B. PATCH, Woburn. 
 
 CAPT. LYMAN GOODNOW, Boston, paver ; died Nov. 
 13th, 1839, much respected and lamented.* 
 
 MAJ. AARON DAVIS CAPEN, Dorchester, schoolmas- 
 ter; nephew and Aid to Gen. Capen, 1828. He grad- 
 uated at Har. College, 1827. He obtained medals for 
 manufacturing wine from native grape, at Mechanics' 
 Fair, Boston, 1840-1. Born Dec. 5th, 1805. 
 
 LIEUT. JONES EASTABROOKS, Brighton, innkeeper. 
 
 * Vide Dr. Sharp's valuable Artillery Sermon, 1840.
 
 423 
 
 CAPT. DANIEL F. HUNTING, Boston, truckman. Cap- 
 tain of the Dragoons. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. PETER DUNBAR, Boston, truckman. 
 Born at Easton, 1801. Lieut. Colonel of the 1st Reg- 
 iment. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1833, and com- 
 mands the Lancers, 1840 obtained the cannon medal, 
 1841. 
 
 LIEUT. HIRAM HARRIS, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD CODMAN, Boston, grocer. Captain 
 of the Boston Light Infantry. 
 
 CAPT. RUSSELL STURGIS, Boston, merchant, grand- 
 son of Lieutenant Russell, 1786; educated a lawyer. 
 His name was originally Nathaniel. Adjutant of the 
 Ar. Co. 1830. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN C. PARK, Boston, lawyer; graduated 
 at Har. College, 1824; Clerk of the Ar. Co. He 
 commanded the City Guards. Representative. 
 
 ENSIGN HENRY HUMPHREYS, Dorchester. 
 CAPT. GEORGE W. CRAM, Boston, housewright. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1829; by Bernard Whit- 
 man, Waltham 1st Cor. X. 15th. Printed. 
 
 1830. 
 COL. FREDERICK W. LINCOLN, Canton, iron founder. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. LUCAS POND, Wrentham. Brigadier 
 General of the 2d Brigade, 1st Division. Representa- 
 tive. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. PRESTON POND, Wrentham, brother of 
 preceding. Representative. 
 
 MAJ. JOSEPH W. LYON, Needham. 
 
 CAPT. WARREN GLOVER, Dorchester. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. SAMUEL AVERY, Marblehead, printer;
 
 424 
 
 Major of Artillery. Brig. General 1st Brigade, 2d 
 Division, 1837. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ROBERT C. WINTHROP, Boston, lawyer, 
 brother of Gen. J. T. Winthrop ; graduated at Har. 
 College, 1828. He commanded the Boston Light In- 
 fantry. Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1833. Representa- 
 tive five years, and Speaker of the House 1 838-9. Aid 
 to Gov. Everett in 1836, and chosen member of Con- 
 gress, 1841. 
 
 RUFUS F. BROOKS, Boston, tailor. 
 
 CAPT. IRA GIBBS, Boston, wood-wharfinger. 
 
 MAJ. JOEL POWERS, Boston. 
 
 JOSEPH W. J. NILES, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 CAPT. ISAAC COOK, JR, Boston, brewer ; died 
 1831-2. 
 
 CAPT. HENRY W. KINSMAN, Boston, lawyer ; grad- 
 uated at Dart. College, 1822. Captain of the City 
 Guards. Representative five years removed to New- 
 buryport. Senator, 1841. Collector of the Port of N. 
 
 COL. EBENEZER W. STONE, Roxbury, merchant 
 tailor in Boston ; Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1832 ; Lieu- 
 tenant, 1 837 ; Division Inspector. Born in Boston, 
 June 10th, 1801. Captain of Ar. Co. 1841. Repre- 
 sentative from R. 1839. A skilful officer and very 
 amiable man. 
 
 MAJ. CHARLES D. FIELD, Roxbury. Lieutenant of 
 the Ar. Co. 1832; removed to New York. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JONATHAN CHAPMAN, JR, Boston, law- 
 yer ; graduated a distinguished scholar at Har. College, 
 1825. Captain of the Rifle Rangers. Aid to Gov. 
 Everett ; Mayor of Boston. 
 
 ENSIGN MILTON HOLDEN, Boston, grocer, brother of 
 Major Holden, 1828.
 
 425 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH LEONARD, Boston, jeweller. Captain 
 of the Dragoons. 
 
 CAPT. STEPHEN TITCOMB, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. GILES T. CROCKETT, Boston, trader. 
 
 .CAPT. EDWARD BLAKE, Boston, lawyer; graduated 
 at Har. College, 1824. Captain of Boston Light In- 
 fantry. President of the City Council. 
 
 COL. SETH J. THOMAS, Boston, hatter. Colonel of 
 3d Regiment. Representative from Charlestown, 1842. 
 
 MAJ. JUDAH ALDEN, Duxbury, yeoman. An officer 
 in the Revolution. Admitted an Honorary Member. 
 
 STEPHEN DINSMORE, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS GOODWIN, Boston. Captain of the 
 Washington Artillery. 
 
 MAJ. TRUMAN R. HURLBURT, Boston. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 830 ; by Caleb Stetson, 
 Medford Rom. XIII. 7th. Printed. 
 
 1831. 
 
 COL. EDWARD GORDON PRESCOTT, Boston, lawyer ; 
 son of Hon. William Prescott ; graduated at Har. Col- 
 lege in 1 825. Colonel of the 2d Regiment ; Captain 
 of the Ar. Co. 1833. He was born at Salem, January 
 1st, 1804, became an Episcopal Clergyman, and set- 
 tled in New Jersey. 
 
 LIEOT. WILLIAM TEWKSBURY, Boston. 
 
 MAJ. BENJAMIN H. NORTON, Boston, printer ; Major 
 of 1st Regiment. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOSHUA SEWARD, Boston, clockmaker. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. IVERS J. AUSTIN, Boston, lawyer ; son 
 of Hon. J. T. Austin. Lieut. Colonel of 2d Regiment. 
 Judge Advocate. 
 
 51
 
 426 
 
 MAJ. JOB TABER, Boston, housewright ; officer of the 
 Fusilliers ; Major of Regiment of Light Infantry ; after- 
 wards merchant. Lieutenant of Ar. Co. 1838. Born 
 in Vassalboro', Maine, Jan. 1801. 
 
 LIEUT. WARREN WILD> Boston^ broker. 
 
 COL. ABRAHAM B. PRITCHARD, Charlestown, leather- 
 dresser. Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1836. Colonel of 
 Light Infantry ; removed to Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JAMES DEWIRE, Boston, housewright. 
 
 COL. BELA GREENWOOD, Brighton, yeoman. Cap- 
 tain of the Watertown Artillery ; Colonel of Artillery. 
 Church member. 
 
 COL. OLIVER W. PRESTON, Charlestown. 
 LIEUT. CHARLES K. WHITNEY, Boston, fruiterer. 
 LIEUT. JOHN F. EDWARDS, Boston, housewright. 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM H. CHAMBERLAIN, Boston, butcher. 
 COL. JOHN L. WHITE, Boston, innholder. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1831 ; by Samuel Barrett, 
 Boston Ps 1 . II. llth. Printed. 
 
 1832. 
 
 CAPT. BENJAMIN BROWN, Marblehead. 
 EPHRAIM P. WHITMAN, Boston, merchant. 
 GEORGE W. LOWELL, Boston, housewright. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. HORACE BACON, Cambridge. Lieut. 
 Colonel of Artillery, Boston. Postmaster at Roxbury. 
 
 MAJ. CHARLES SAUNDERSON, Charlestown. Consta- 
 ble. Lieutenant of Ar. Co. 1840. Obtained the best 
 musket shot medal, 1841. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. EDWARD W. BRADLEY, Boston, merchant.
 
 427 
 
 MAJ. JOHN HOPPIN, Boston, wood-wharfinger. Ma- 
 jor of Artillery, 
 
 MAJ. JOHN H. EASTBURN, Boston, City Printer. Aid 
 to Gen. Tyler. He was original proprietor of the 
 " Atlas," and publisher of this edition of the History. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH C, BROADHEAD, Boston, merchant 
 Brigade Q. M. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN Y. CHAMPNEY, Boston, housewright. 
 Captain of Fusilliers. Died April 20th, 1836, aged 27. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM S. COOK. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN D. HATNES, Brighton. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN DAVIS, Newton, innkeeper. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM R. STACEY, Boston, cabinet-maker, 
 
 LIEUT. WALTER W. UPHAM, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. JAMES. H. FOSTER, JR, Boston, merchant. 
 
 MAJ. JOHN M. ROBERTSON, Charlestown, shipwright. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS O. BRACKETT, Charlestown. Officer 
 of Traders' Bank, Boston, one of the most invincible 
 friends of the Ar. Co. of modern times. 
 
 LIEUT. ENOCH PERKINS, Watertown. 
 
 ENSIGN WARREN DAVIS, Boston, trader ; brother of 
 Gen. T. Davis, 1828. 
 
 CAPT. LEVERETT R. BRADLEY, Boston. 
 LIEUT. COL. CHARLES WARREN, Brighton. 
 
 CAPT. NATHANIEL P. SNELLING, Boston, tailor. Sec- 
 ond Captain of Mechanic Riflemen. Died May, 1841, 
 aged 33. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN J. LORING, Boston, merchant. Adju- 
 tant of Beverly Regiment. Clerk of the Ar. Co. 
 
 MAJ. LEVI LINCOLN, Worcester, lawyer; son of Hon.
 
 428 
 
 Levi, Lieut. Governor of Massachusetts. He graduat- 
 ed at Har. College 1802, and practised law in Worces- 
 ter. Representative 1817; Speaker of the House; 
 Lieut. Governor of Massachusetts 1823, and durino-the 
 
 7 O 
 
 year appointed Judge of the S. J. Court. In 1 825 he 
 was chosen Governor. Judge Advocate. He was a 
 firm friend of the militia. He received the degree of 
 L. L. D. at Harvard, and was a member of the Am. 
 Acad. of Arts and Sciences. A Delegate at the Con- 
 vention of 1820. Representative in Congress till April, 
 1841, when he was appointed Collector of Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. HENRY BAILEY, Boston, hatter. 
 CAPT. GILMAN HOOK, Dorchester. 
 COL. JOSEPH PORTER, Dorchester, (Milton.) 
 ENSIGN JOHN A. BARNACOAT, Charlestown. 
 ENSIGN SIMON H. BARRETT, Maiden. 
 ENSIGN GEORGE W. SMITH, Boston, grocer. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1832 ; by Charles W. Up- 
 ham, Salem Ps. CVII. 7th. Printed. 
 
 1833. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM B. PARKER, Needham. 
 COL. JOHN W. LYON, Needham. 
 MAJ. EBENEZER W. CALEF, Boston, shopkeeper. 
 
 COL. EDWARD BROWN, JR, lumber merchant, Cam- 
 bridge. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL KNOWER, Roxbury, trader. Brigade 
 Q. M. ; Lieutenant Ar. Co. 1835. Removed to New 
 York. 
 
 CAPT. W T ILLIAM WYMAN, Lowell. Representative. 
 
 CAPT. THOMAS C. HOLLIS, Boston. First Captain 
 of Mechanic Riflemen.
 
 429 
 
 CAPT. ROBERT T. ALDEN, Boston, sailmaker. 
 BENJAMIN F. EDMANDS, Boston, bookseller. 
 LIEUT. JOHN E. HUNT, Boston, innkeeper. 
 
 COL. CHARLES A. MACOMBER, Boston, merchant. 
 Adjutant of Ar. Co. 1835, and Captain 1839. He was 
 born at Easton, Mass. June 24th, 1807. Commanded 
 the "City Guards," and the same corps again under the 
 name " City Greys." Chosen Colonel of Boston In- 
 fantry Regiment, 1841. A very accomplished soldier. 
 The Guards, or Greys, were long the best disciplined 
 corps in Boston. 
 
 COL. FRANCIS R. BIGELOW, Boston, merchant ; broth- 
 er of CoL J. P. Bigelow, 1829. Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 
 1834; Lieutenant 1836. Colonel 2d Regiment, 1836. 
 
 CAPT. RICHARD S. FAY, Boston, lawyer ; son of Col. 
 S. P. P. Fay, of Cambridge. He graduated at Har- 
 vard College 1825. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. GRENVILLE T. WINTHROP, Boston, law- 
 yer. Graduated at Columbia College 1827. He com- 
 manded the Independent Cadets and Fusilliers. Rep- 
 resentative from Boston 1834. Captain of the Ar. Co. 
 1834. Representative from Watertown 1840. Twice 
 chosen Brig. General. A gentleman of great liberality, 
 and kind, social manners. 
 
 ENSIGN DAVID DAVIS, Boston, broker. 
 
 CAPT. DAVID Low, Boston, saddler. Died, 1840. 
 
 COL. JAMES EASTABROOKS, Boston and Worcester. 
 
 ENSIGN THOMAS DWIGHT, Boston, lawyer; gradu- 
 ated at Harvard College, 1827. Born at Springfield, 
 Sept. 27th, 1807. 
 
 ENSIGN GIDEON KEITH, BOSTON. 
 
 LIEUT. ISAAC CARY, Boston, bank-note printer.
 
 430 
 
 Lieutenant of Ar. Co. 1839. Born in Hon. J. Quincy's 
 mansion, Quincy, June 25th, 1802. 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM S. BAXTER, Boston, commanded 
 the " Montgomery Guards ;" disbanded by Gov. Ever- 
 ett. Armorer. 
 
 LIEUT. STEPHEN RHOADES, Boston, hatter. 
 LIEUT. COL. EDWARD F. HALL, Boston, auctioneer. 
 PATRICK FLETCHER BRADLEE, Boston, gauger. 
 MAJ. ALBERT McKiNDRY, Dorchester. 
 CAPT. ELIPHALET GLIDDEN, Chelsea. 
 
 CAPT. JOSEPH SANGER, Watertown. Captain of- 
 Artillery. 
 
 At the Anniversary, June 3d, 1833, the Ar. Co. voted 
 $200 from their fund towards the erection and comple- 
 tion of the Bunker Hill Monument. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 833 ; by James Thomp- 
 son, Salem Sam. IV. 22d. 
 
 1834. 
 
 CAPT. EZRA WESTON, JR, Boston, lawyer ; gradu- 
 ated at H. Col. 1829. City Marshal. 
 
 SAMUEL K. BAYLEY, Boston, auctioneer. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL H. MANN, Lowell, lawyer. Judge 
 Advocate. Died 1839. 
 
 CAPT. SILAS JOHNSON, Boston, trader. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN PEASLEY, Boston. 
 
 CAPT. OLIVER DYER, Boston, trader. 
 
 LEVI WHITNEY, Boston, grocer. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM R. HUDSON, Boston, iron founder. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. REUBEN LOVEJOY, Boston, stabler.
 
 431 
 
 STUDSON LEACH, Boston, housewright. 
 ENSIGN JAMES B. NASON, Boston, trader. 
 LIEUT. THOMAS MOULTON, Boston, bricklayer. 
 LIEUT. CHARLES TRULL, Boston, distiller. 
 WILLIAM SOUTHER, Boston, bookbinder. 
 ALEXANDER MCGREGOR, Boston, innkeeper. 
 TIMOTHY S. NICHOLS, Boston, painter. 
 
 MAJ. GEORGE F. R. WADLEIGH, Boston, trader. 
 Brigade Q. M. 
 
 ENSIGN AMOS C. MANN, Boston. 
 
 MAJ. CHARLES GUSHING PAINE, Boston, lawyer ; 
 graduated at H. Col. 1827. Major of Light Infantry 
 Regiment. Commander of Rifle Rangers. 
 
 HENRY DAVIS, Boston. Born April, 1803. 
 JOSIAH W. ALEXANDER, Boston, housewright. 
 DAVID H. KANE, Boston, broker. 
 LIEUT. SAMUEL F. BARTOLL, Boston, painter. 
 ENSIGN MATTHIAS M. MOORE, Boston, painter. 
 LIEUT. FRANCIS ALLEN, Boston, housewright. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1834; by Frederick H. 
 Hedge, West Cambridge Rom. VIII. 19th. Printed. 
 
 1835. 
 CAPT. JONAS PARKER, Dedham, painter. 
 
 MAJ. WILLIAM B. PERKINS, Boston, merchant; suc- 
 ceeded Maj. Hoppin as Major of Battalion ; Adjutant 
 of Ar. Co. 1841. Born in Bristol, Maine, Sept. 28th, 
 1812. 
 
 CAPT. CHARLES S. LAMBERT, Boston, sailmaker. 
 First Captain of the Highland Guards. Adjutant of Ar. 
 Co. 1842.
 
 432 
 
 CAPT. CALVIN S. RUSSELL, Boston, printer. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. NEWELL A. THOMPSON, Boston, law- 
 yer; Adjutant of the Ar. Co. 1838, Lieutenant, 1841. 
 Born in Uxbridge, Dec. 20th, 1808. Lieut. Colonel 
 of Light Infantry Regiment. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. AURORA W. OLDHAM, Pembroke, yeo- 
 man. Brig. General 1st Brigade, 5th Division. Lieu- 
 tenant of Ar. Co. 1836. 
 
 GEORGE F. GWINN, Boston, barber; formerly of 
 Salem. 
 
 JESSE F. JENNINGS, Boston, innkeeper. Died 1836. 
 
 JOHN GREEN, JR, Boston, painter ; Representative. 
 Born in Boston, Dec. 3d, 1789. Twice Captain of 
 the " Soul of Soldiery," an association of non-com- 
 missioned officers, formed in 1805. 
 
 DAVID S. PAIGE, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. NATHANIEL TUFTS, Maiden, tinman. 
 
 LIEUT. PORTER CROSBY, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. THACHER BEAL, Boston, mason. 
 
 LIEUT. ROBERT H. CLOUSTON, Boston ; housewright. 
 
 CAPT. SELDEN CROCKETT, Boston. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM E. EVANS, Boston, watchmaker. 
 
 CAPT. ELIJAH DOE, Boston, stable keeper. Captain 
 of Boston Artillery. 
 
 MAJ. CHENERY ABBOTT, Holden. 
 
 MAJ. JOSEPH HARRINGTON, JR, Roxbury, teacher; 
 graduated at Har. College, 1833. Aid to Gen. Brad- 
 ley ; afterwards Clergyman at Chicago, 111. 
 
 COL. FISHER A. KINGSBURY, Weymouth, lawyer. 
 LIEUT. ZIBA B. PORTER, Brighton, innkeeper.
 
 433 
 
 ENSIGN STEPHEN O. COPELAND, E. Bridgewater, 
 yeoman. 
 
 CAPT. REUBEN MOORE, Concord. 
 
 COL. JOSHUA GOULD, Boston. Colonel of 3d Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 LIEUT. WILLIAM C. CHRISTIE, Charlestown. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. EBENEZER L. BARNARD, Worcester. 
 Brig. General 1st Brigade, 6th Division. Representa- 
 tive. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. GEORGE W. RICHARDSON, Worcester, 
 lawyer; graduated at H. Col. 1829. Aid to Gov. 
 Davis. 
 
 MAJ. EDWIN CONANT, Worcester, lawyer ; graduated 
 at H. Col. 1829. Brigade Major. 
 
 CAPT. EDWARD LAMB, Worcester ; druggist, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. WILLIAM S. LINCOLN, Worcester, law- 
 yer; son of Gov. Lincoln. Lieut. Colonel of Light 
 Infantry. Removed to Alton, Illinois, 1839. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. AARON S. GIBBS, West Boylston. Maj. 
 General 6th Division, 1838. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. ANDREW L. MCFARLAND, Worcester, 
 lawyer. Aid to Gov. Davis; died June 25th, 1836. 
 
 WILLIAM ALLINE, Boston ; officer of the Customs. 
 LIEUT. HENRY W. RIDGEWAY, Boston, merchant. 
 
 LIEUT. CHARLES W. CUMMINGS, Boston, black- 
 smith. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1835 ; by John G. Pal- 
 frey, D. D. Professor in Har. College Rev. III. 2d. 
 Printed.
 
 434 
 
 1836. 
 MAJ. MELZAR SAMPSON, shipwright, Medford. 
 
 COL. WILLIAM MITCHELL, Boston, trader. Colonel 
 of 1st Regiment. Lieutenant of Ar. Co. 1839. Major 
 of Light Infantry Regiment. 
 
 CAPT. WRIGHT S. KEYES, Boston, grocer. 
 LIEUT. JOHN P. CALDWELL, Boston, apothecary. 
 CAPT. WILLIAM G. FULLICK, Boston, painter. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. JOHN W. BOYD, Boston, merchant. 
 Lieut. Colonel of 2d Regiment. 
 
 ENSIGN LEVI HAWKES, JR, Cambridgeport, tinman ; 
 relative of Capt. Ezra, ante. 
 
 MAJ. EDWARD ANTILL TAPPAN, Boston, merchant. 
 Aid to Gen. Amee. Brigade Major. Major of Light 
 Infantry Regiment. 
 
 LIEUT. JONATHAN PIERCE, Boston, pump and block 
 maker. 
 
 LIEUT. SETH E. BENSON, Boston, merchant. 
 CAPT. JOHN GORDON, Boston, victualler. 
 
 CAPT. ANDREW CHASE, JR, Roxbury, housewright. 
 Captain of Roxbury Artillery. 
 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM C. BARRETT, Maiden, silk dyer. 
 LIEUT. AUGUSTUS L. BARRETT, Maiden, silk dyer. 
 
 MAJ. SAMUEL A. ALLEN, Boston, trader. Brigade 
 Major. Adjutant of Ar. Co. 1839. Author of the 
 humorous and spirited circular in behalf of the Lan- 
 cers, occasioned by the riot in 1 842. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. JAMES D. THOMPSON, New Bedford, 
 merchant. Representative. 
 
 LIEUT* COL. JAMES H. COLLINS, New Bedford.
 
 435 
 
 LIEUT. RICHARD N. BERRY, Boston, merchant. 
 THEODORE WASHBURN, Boston, housewright. 
 ENSIGN WILLIAM P. BROWN, Boston, housewright. 
 
 HON. EDWARD EVERETT, Boston. Graduated at Har. 
 College 1811 ; Tutor. Ordained at Brattle st. Church 
 Feb. 9th, 1814; dismissed March 5th, 1815. Professor 
 of Greek Literature, Har. College. Member of Con- 
 gress eight years. Governor of Massachusetts. Hon- 
 orary member of Ar. Co. Minister to England. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1838; by Chandler Rob- 
 bins, Boston Luke III. 14th. Printed. 
 
 1837. 
 
 CAPT. STEPHEN STIMPSON, Maiden, trader. He ob- 
 tained the rnusket shot medal, 1840. Captain of the 
 Maiden Light Infantry. 
 
 LIEUT. GEORGE KIMBALL, Boston, soapstone manu- 
 facturer. 
 
 MAJ. ROBERT COWDIN, Boston, lumber merchant 
 He was born Sept. 18th, 1806 at Jamaica, Vt. Lieu- 
 tenant of Ar. Co. 1841. 
 
 NOAH BUTTS, Charlestown. 
 ERASTUS COLEMAN, Boston, innkeeper. 
 ABEL CUSHING, JR, Boston, merchant. 
 COL. JOSEPH HOLBROOK, Boston. 
 
 COL. HENRY K. OLIVER, Salem, teacher. Colonel of 
 Salem Regiment. Lieutenant of Ar. Co. 1838. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. WILLIAM H. MOSELEY, Northampton. 
 SAMUEL HATCH, Boston, auctioneer. 
 MAJ. SAMUEL ABBOT LAWRENCE, Boston, merchant. 
 MAJ. CHARLES J. F. ALLEN, Boston, appraiser.
 
 436 
 
 MAJ. J. DANA ADAMS, Boston, clerk. Died at the 
 West, 1840-1. 
 
 LIEUT. JOSEPH SMITH, Boston ; came from N. Jersey. 
 JAMES NEWELL, Boston. 
 
 CORNET JONATHAN HEATH, Boston, livery stable 
 keeper. 
 
 LIEUT. EZRA FORRESTALL, Boston. 
 
 ENSIGN EPHRAIM L. SNOW, Boston. Merchant in 
 New York. 
 
 JARVIS BRAMAN, Boston ; born at Holden. 
 
 JOHN HOLTON, Boston, truckman. 
 
 CAPT. FRED. CAMBRIDGE, Boston, leather-dresser. 
 
 This year, Queen Victoria, on her accession, appointed her uncle, 
 Augustus Frederick Duke of Sussex, to be Captain General of the 
 Hon. Artillery Company, London an office of no emolument, but 
 of same rank as Field Marshal, and only held by the Sovereign, or 
 person nearest in rank. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1837; by Artemas B. 
 Muzzey, Cambridge Rom. XIII. 3d, 4th. Printed. 
 
 1838. 
 
 AMOS LAWRENCE, ESQ, Boston, merchant. Admit- 
 ted an Hon. member for his liberal donation of ,$200. 
 Representative. 
 
 HON. THOMAS L. WINTHROP, Boston, merchant. 
 Graduated at Har. Col. 1780. A gentleman of ample 
 fortune, descended from the first Governor of Massa- 
 chusetts. Representative ; Senator ; Lieut. Governor 
 of Massachusetts several years, when he retired from 
 public life. He had a large family, and three of his 
 sons were members, viz : John Temple, 1 822 ; Robert 
 C. 1830 ; Grenville T. 1833. He made a donation of 
 $ 100 to the Ar. Co. Died February, 1841.
 
 437 
 
 MAJ. JAMES H. BLAKE, Boston, merchant. City Mar- 
 shal. Major of Independent Cadets ; brother of Capt. 
 Edward, 1830. 
 
 COL. JULIUS C. STEELE, Boston, grocer. Colonel of 
 2d Regiment. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN K. CORBETT, Hingham. 
 
 ARTEMAS WHITE, Boston, blacksmith. 
 
 LIEUT. EBENEZER MAY DORR, Boston, merchant. 
 
 CAPT. CALEB S. ROGERS, Boston. Removed to New 
 Hampshire. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN B. ELLINWOOD, Boston. Removed to 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 MAJ. GEN. APPLETON HOWE, Weymouth, physician. 
 Major General of 1st Division 1839, and again (under 
 new law) 1841. Graduated at Har. Col. 1815. Sen- 
 ator from Norfolk 1841 and 2. Born at Hopkinton, 
 Mass. Nov. 26th, 1792. He is much esteemed as a 
 citizen, physician, and soldier, being a man of correct 
 judgment and amiable disposition. His father was a 
 clergyman in Hopkinton. Captain of Ar. Co. 1 840. 
 
 MAJ. THOMAS C. WEBB, Weymouth, grocer. Aid to 
 Gen. Howe. Became a leather dealer in Boston 1841, 
 when Orderly of Ar. Co. 
 
 WlLLARD W. CODMAN, Boston, dentist. 
 
 EZRA TRULL, JR, Boston, distiller. 
 WILLIAM HOWE, 3d, Boston, hatter. 
 EDWARD HOLBROOK, JR, Boston, merchant. 
 JOHN W. WARREN, Boston, physician. 
 LIEUT. COL. EDWARD CAZNEAU, Hingham. 
 
 In June of this year, the Company celebrated, with unusual spirit, 
 their CC Anniversary. About 170 members were present. The
 
 "Vanguard of the Veterans" (Maj. B. Russell and others) attracted 
 special attention. The State fired a salute of 200 guns in the morn- 
 ing. Thomas Power, Esq, composed an Ode, which was sung by 
 the Handel and Haydn Society ; and Mr. Lothrop's Sermon was much 
 admired. The most remarkable " toast" was Col. R. C. Winthrop's : 
 " Ballots and Bullets the paper currency and metallic basis of a 
 free people ; the former can only be saved from depreciation by 
 keeping an abundant supply of the latter to redeem it." The invit- 
 ed guests were numerous the speeches good the dinner excellent 
 the day auspicious. The celebration was in all respects worthy of 
 the occasion. The Common was unusually thronged, as if the remi- 
 niscence of the long and eventful past animated the people. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1838; by Samuel K. Lo- 
 throp, Boston Deut. IV. 32d. Printed. 
 
 1839. 
 LUKE THOMAS, Boston, butcher. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. AUGUSTUS ADAMS, Charlestown and 
 Cambridge. 
 
 LIEUT. FREEMAN L. CUSHMAN, Boston, carpenter ; 
 successor to Col. Bourne, as City Land Agent. 
 
 LIEUT. COL. THOMAS HUGHES, Boston, merchant. 
 Lieutenant of the Ar. Co. 1841, and Captain of the In- 
 dependent Cadets. Born at Boston, Nov. 16th, 1805. 
 
 SAMUEL COOPER THACHER, Boston, merchant ; son 
 of Hon. P. O. Thacher. 
 
 LIEUT. NOAH LINCOLN, JR, Boston, wood-wharfinger. 
 LIUET. WILLIAM EATON, Boston, wood-wharfinger. 
 
 DUDLEY HALL, Boston, merchant. 
 \ 
 NATHANIEL H. HENCHMAN, Boston, merchant. 
 
 MAJ. GEORGE M. THACHER, Boston, merchant. Ad- 
 jutant of Ar. Co. 1840. Staff of Gen. Howe. Son of 
 Hon. P. O. Thacher; born at B. March 5th, 1809. 
 
 CHARLES EVERETT, JR, merchant. Removed to 111.
 
 439 
 
 GEORGE S. WILLIS, Pittsfield. 
 BENJAMIN F. CROSS, Boston. 
 
 HON. MARCUS MORTON, Taunton, lawyer. Judge S. 
 J. Court. Lieut. Governor and Governor of Massa- 
 chusetts. 
 
 In June, 1839, the By-laws were revised and reprinted with the 
 Roll. An original discourse, printed by Samuel Green, 1679, by 
 Rev. John Richardson, Newbury, in 1675, Artillery Election, June 
 10th, was found among the papers of the late Rev. Dr. Osgood, of 
 Medford. David Osgood, M. D. of Boston, presented it, with others 
 of more recent date, to the Ar. Co. and the Company reprinted it. 
 The regular Sermon, that year, was (June 3d) by Rev. S. Phillips, 
 of Rowley. Probably, owing to the excitement of King Philip's 
 War, the corps adjourned the election to June 10. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1 839 ; by Otis A. Skinner, 
 Boston Neh. IV. 14th. Printed. 
 
 1840. 
 
 MAJ. WILDES P. WALKER, Boston, merchant. Aid to 
 Gen. Howe. 
 
 CHARLES H. STEARNS, Boston. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN B. DALE, Boston, U. S. Navy. 
 
 LIEUT. ASA LAW, Boston, machinist. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1840; by Daniel Sharp, 
 D. D. Boston Titus III. 1st. Printed. 
 
 1841. 
 
 CAPT. ROYAL DOUGLASS, confectioner, Cambridge- 
 port. Lieutenant of Ar. Co. 1842. 
 
 NELSON P. ANGELL, Boston. 
 
 EDWARD R. BROADER s, Boston, bookseller. 
 
 Oct. 19th, 1841, the Independent Company of Cadets observed 
 their Centennial Anniversary. Rev. S. K. Lothrop delivered an ex-
 
 440 
 
 cellent Address, which was beautifully printed by Maj. Eastburn. 
 At the election, January, 1842, a standard was presented to this 
 corps by its past members and officers. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1841 ; by Calvin Hitch- 
 cock, Randolph Matt. V. 38th 41st. Printed. 
 
 1842. 
 
 BRIG. GEN. HENRY DUNHAM, Abington, shoe-dealer. 
 COL. ALBERT WHITMARSH, Abington, shoe-dealer. 
 
 LIEUT. CHARLES MAYO, Boston, lawyer ; born Feb. 
 10th, 1809, atBrewster. 
 
 Artillery Election Sermon, 1842; by J. S. C. Abbot, 
 Nantucket.
 
 PART II. 
 A REVIEW OF THE CUSTOMS 
 
 WE will now explain some of the rights, customs, and 
 privileges of the Company. Their name by the char- 
 ter was the Military Company of the Massachusetts. 
 Probably the names of " the Artillery Company " and 
 " the Great Artillery," originated by the introduction 
 of field pieces. The charter has never been revised 
 by the General Court. The oldest printed sermon 
 (that of U. Oaks, June 3d, 1672) was delivered "on 
 the day of the Artillery Election" All the sermons 
 printed down to 1708, are said to be delivered before 
 the Artillery Company, but this sermon is delivered 
 before the Honourable Artillery Company. This style 
 in the title page is uniformly the same until 1738. 
 Symmes, in his address to the Company, (sermon 
 1720) says he shall conclude, &c. with an address to 
 the gentlemen of the Ancient and Honourable Company. 
 Williams, in 1737, once introduces the words Ancient 
 and Honourable Artillery Company. Dr. Colman's 
 Century Sermon, 1738, says "preached before the 
 Honourable and Ancient Artillery Company." From 
 that period all the sermons printed are preached before 
 the Ancient and Honourable Artillery Company. 
 
 The Legislature in their grants of the Company land, 
 speak of them as the Artillery Company ; the same phra- 
 seology is preserved in the oldest records of the Com- 
 pany. The first mention on record of their using the 
 word Honourable is in 1743. Nor does it appear they 
 introduced the words Ancient and Honourable, except- 
 
 56
 
 442 
 
 ing once in 1762, long after they had been styled so by 
 the people, in their records till 1786, when the Com- 
 pany was revived after the Revolution. The Legisla- 
 ture in their Militia Laws have since confirmed that 
 name to them. It is therefore probable they retained 
 the name of Artillery, after they had relinquished the 
 use of it, by common consent. The addition of Hon- 
 ourable was applied by the people on account of the 
 many distinguished men who had belonged to and 
 commanded it ; and for the great benefit and service 
 the institution had rendered the community. This 
 name for the same reason they continue to merit ; and 
 the word Ancient has been added by common consent 
 and usage since the expiration of their first century. 
 
 A custom has prevailed in the Company from its first 
 origin, that every member should sign the Company 
 book, and procure two bondsmen. In former times 
 they were undoubtedly held responsible, not only for 
 the good conduct, but the payment of fines and assess- 
 ments due from him for whom they became bound. 
 In modern times the latter part of this obligation has 
 been in substance done away, it being thought the honor 
 of each member was pledged to his brethren, and that 
 honor was of stronger obligation than a sealed instru- 
 ment. None have ever been allowed as bondsmen ex- 
 cepting members, and thus in such parts of the roll as 
 have been lost, we are able with tolerable accuracy 
 to supply the deficiency. The attachment to each 
 other, which has ever existed among the members, may 
 also be attributed to their being mutually bound. This 
 attachment has not only been evinced by the mutual 
 interchange of friendship, patronage in business, but 
 zeal to promote their private happiness, and has extend- 
 ed to a combined effort in warning the exposed, reliev- 
 ing the unfortunate and reclaiming the imprudent. 
 
 When the Company was formed, a great proportion
 
 443 
 
 of the members held no commissions. The number of 
 trainbands, or corps, were few : as the country increased 
 in population and new bands were formed, new officers 
 were wanting, many of whom were selected from this 
 Company. It was the only school where the military 
 art was to be learned; and private citizens, by the 
 knowledge here obtained, were made the most conspic- 
 uous candidates for office. The militia companies of 
 later times not unfrequently selected their officers from 
 private citizens in the corps. From 1810 to 1820 two 
 colonels, four majors, eleven captains and twelve subal- 
 terns were made from private soldiers, either in the 
 militia, or United States Army. 
 
 From the first organization they have exercised the 
 right of admitting private citizens, and this right openly 
 exercised and always claimed has been acquiesced in 
 by all. The Legislature for two centuries have known 
 it, and tacitly or expressly confirmed it ; tacitly, by 
 never forbidding or restraining it ; expressly, by con- 
 firming all the ancient rights and privileges of the insti- 
 tution, although not defining them. The militia laws 
 since the Revolution are sufficient to establish the right, 
 even if undisturbed custom was not sufficient. In 1 700, 
 it became a permanent regulation, that forty privates 
 might be admitted, and the number was the product of 
 mutual agreement between all parties interested. This 
 number was adhered to, until to conform to the militia 
 laws, in 1 798, sixty-four was establishe'd as the number, 
 and in 1840, two-fifths. 
 
 March 29th, 1813, some doubts having arisen as to 
 the exercise of the power in the extent then supposed 
 to exist, and as a cautionary measure, a Committee 
 was chosen " to take into consideration the subject of 
 admitting hereafter members into the Company, who 
 do not hold, or who have not held commissions." Their 
 report says,
 
 444 
 
 " Your Committee have carefully examined the ancient charter, 
 and the practice of the Company under the same from its first estab- 
 lishment to the present time, and the result of their investigation is : 
 that the charter imposes no restraint on the Company in their freely 
 receiving as members all such persons, as they may choose to admit ; 
 and the records prove that at every period of its existence, a large 
 proportion of its most active and useful members have consisted of 
 those who have not held commissions, but who have by their exer- 
 tions in its cause, and their martial spirit, most essentially contrib- 
 uted to its welfare and honor." 
 
 ARNOLD WELLES, Per Order. 
 
 This right was attempted to be disturbed by some 
 militia officers, not members, who enrolled those mem- 
 bers within their bounds who had not held commis- 
 sions, and notified them for trainings; they paid no 
 attention to the notifications, excepting to inform the 
 Company ; but the captains who had enrolled them did 
 not proceed further, to try the question at law. 
 
 Although there is reason to believe that the aged and 
 infirm, with distinguished men occasionally, and those 
 who resided at a distance, were considered as honorary 
 members in the early age of the Company ; yet no par- 
 ticular regulation on the subject is recorded until 1760, 
 when it was voted " that those gentlemen, that have 
 had the honor to receive the badge as Captains of this 
 Company, may continue their names on the Clerk's 
 book, and be called over every Muster day, if they 
 think fit, and not be subject to a fine for non-ap- 
 pearance." Honorary members appear to have been 
 created, by vote, immediately after the revival, 1786 ; 
 but their rights or duties were not defined, until a ques- 
 tion arose respecting their voting. May, 1812, the 
 Company decided, " that all honorary members, who 
 pay the anniversary assessment, are entitled to vote." 
 In the present regulations the same principle is extended 
 to the admission of honorary members (of high military 
 rank) who had not previously been active members.
 
 445 
 
 From the above vote in 1760, we perceive also 
 another custom which had been handed down from the 
 first ; viz. calling the roll on field-days, wherein every 
 member was called by all his titles. This practice was 
 rigidly adhered to until within a few years. It was the 
 custom to bring the Company book upon the field, not 
 only thereby to call the roll, but that all votes and orders 
 might then be entered ; for all the records previous to 
 the Revolution appear to be made as on a field-day, 
 and none at drill meetings. On the parade, of a field- 
 day, was the place where the names of members with 
 their bondsmen were signed. These field-days, or 
 training-days, were originally every month, but they 
 were afterwards (1657) reduced to five, and recently 
 to two. The anniversary of election of officers has 
 invariably been the first Monday in June. In the early 
 history of the Company they were required to perform 
 a whole day's duty on each field-day ; in process of 
 time, 1700, they performed a whole day's duty in May 
 and September ; and but half a day's duty in April and 
 October. The field-day in April was considered the 
 day of inspection. In later times a whole day's duty is 
 seldom required, except on emergencies, or encamp- 
 ments.* 
 
 The mode of notifying the Company for field-duty 
 has been peculiar. They were notified in all instances 
 by the fifes and drums, through the principal streets in 
 Boston. The displaying the standard at the south cor- 
 ner of State Street and Cornhill was for a time an aux- 
 illiary method of giving notice ; but the old method 
 was in use in 1 820. About 70 or 80 years ago, it was 
 the custom in the forenoon, previous to their muster- 
 ing, for Ichabod Williston, long celebrated as the Com- 
 pany drummer, between the hours of eleven and one, 
 
 * In 1834, the Corps visited Newton ; 1835, encamped at Worcester ; 1838, 
 visited Salem.
 
 446 
 
 to march down Middle Street to Winnesimet Ferry, 
 beating the troop, unescorted, excepting by an innumer- 
 able company of boys. On his arrival at the Ferry, he 
 beat the roll three times, shouldered his drum and went 
 his way. This was called the first drum ; which became 
 a bye-word among the workmen in the ship-yards, who 
 when they began to feel the want of their forenoon 
 grog and luncheon, used to ask each other, if it was not 
 time to beat the fast drum. Formerly the Company 
 mustered on the lower floor of the Old State House, 
 which was called training in the town-house. When on 
 the march, at stated periods, Williston would beat a 
 long roll, following it with twice two strokes and a flam. 
 
 After the Massacre, March 5th, 1770, this Company 
 used to parade with two drums and two fifes, and the 
 militia companies with one. All adopted the quick 
 time, which had never been practised in Boston, 
 before the British troops came in 1768. The slow 
 time was afterwards occasionally resorted to for a 
 change, and on escort duty. Common time was not 
 then known or practised. Espontoons were also intro- 
 duced at this time ; previously the Captain and Lieu- 
 tenant carried pikes or half pikes. The pike had a 
 shaft which was several feet longer than those of the 
 espontoons, headed with a sharp pointed, polished steel 
 quadrangular blade, eight or ten inches in length, and 
 on the foot was a large brass ferrule. The Sergeants 
 always carried halberds, and were never armed with 
 swords until the Company adopted the addition in 
 1790. The receiving of the standard on a field-day, 
 and depositing it after firing, to close the duties of the 
 day, are ceremonies which were long and scrupuously 
 observed. 
 
 It was provided in the original charter, that no other 
 Company should train within certain limits on either of 
 the field-days of this Company. In former times this
 
 447 
 
 right was claimed and maintained with great precision. 
 The Company however authorized their Commander 
 for the time being, (1657) to permit other companies 
 to assemble and perform duty in conjunction with the 
 Artillery Company. The right was claimed in its fullest 
 extent at all times ; and even as late as the autumn of 
 1 808, when the Company was paraded in upper Faneuil 
 Hall, under Capt. Melzar Holmes; the Winslow Blues 
 were found to be assembling in their armory for a drill 
 Capt. Holmes sent a message to them to disperse, 
 and after a conference between the Commander of the 
 Blues and Col. Messinger, their former Commander, 
 a member of the Ar. Co. an order was given dismissing 
 the Winslow Blues until another day. Of late years 
 the Company have not enforced this right. The en- 
 forcement of such a right must necessarily breed con- 
 tention, and it is anxiously hoped that the harmony 
 which exists among the several corps so honorable to 
 them, will not be disturbed, either by the impolitic en- 
 forcement of the right on the one side, or a wanton 
 violation of it on the other. 
 
 Ever since 1786, the Ar. Co. have annually, in April or May, ap- 
 pointed a meeting specially for selecting their officers for the year 
 ensuing. It is probable this custom of caucussing for officers must 
 have existed previously, since it was then practised by those who had 
 been members before the Revolution. The records are totally silent 
 on the subject, except one instance, May, 1760, where the Company 
 voted that the old commission officers wait on Gen. William Brattle, 
 and request him to lead the Company the following year. At this 
 caucus, the senior officer present presides, and a balloting takes 
 place for a new Commander, and whoever is chosen by a majority is 
 waited upon immediately by a Committee, and his answer obtained. 
 The other offices are then filled in succession, until the organization 
 is complete. The proceedings are kept secret until the form of an 
 election takes place on the field election day ; and any member di- 
 vulging the names of candidates or proceedings, is liable to imme- 
 diate expulsion. The public curiosity is frequently excited to know 
 who are to be the new officers. These caucusses frequently occupy
 
 448 
 
 several evenings, not unfrequently till past midnight, and on one oc- 
 casion within the compiler's memory, nine different persons were 
 selected for a Commander, all of whom refused ; the caucus contin- 
 ued four nights and one afternoon. Although there frequently are 
 sharply contested ballots, yet it has never been known that any alter- 
 ation has taken place from the caucus arrangements ; all the oppos- 
 ing candidates, with those absent, cheerfully acquiescing except in 
 one case of the Clerk, in 1832, when, by the connivance of the newly 
 elected Commander, votes were secretly printed and distributed for 
 another person. The dishonorable trick was not discovered till the 
 members had unconsciously elected a Clerk they did not intend. 
 
 The Company duty and ceremonies of Election day have occa- 
 sionally varied and been altered, by reason that they were transmit- 
 ted wholly by oral tradition. Many have desired that they should be 
 collected and printed as a future guide. The Company assemble in 
 the morning, at an early hour, at their Armory, in uniform. Being 
 paraded, they partake of a collation, recently adopted, to prevent the 
 practice of leaving the meeting-house during the services. They 
 then march to the State House, where the invited guests assemble. 
 About twelve o'clock, the Company escort the Governor, Lieut. 
 Governor and Council, with the Legislature, (when they had a sum- 
 mer session, who always adjourned upon the occasion,) and the 
 invited guests, to the First Church, where a sermon is preached. 
 The services being closed, they escort his Excellency and other 
 guests to Faneuil Hall, where their annual dinner is provided. At 
 dinner, the Captain presides at the head of the centre table ; on the 
 right of the Captain his Excellency is seated ; on the left, the 
 Preacher, who invokes the blessing ; and next on the left, the Presi- 
 dent of Harvard University, who, if a clergyman, returns thanks. 
 The other officers preside at the foot of each table. 
 
 In fair weather, the table is dismissed about four o'clock, and his 
 Excellency with the guests retire. The Company then march to 
 their allotted square at the north-western corner of the Common, 
 where they commence the public ceremonies of the day by calling 
 the roll of active and honorary members, according to seniority ; 
 they then ballot for officers for the year ensuing. The votes are 
 counted on the drum-head, and when declared the drummer beats 
 the roll three times for the Captain, twice for the Lieutenant, and 
 once for the Ensign. His Excellency and the Council are then in- 
 formed of the election, and their approbation is requested. 
 
 The Company then repair to the State House, and escort the 
 Governor, Lieut. Governor, Council and invited guests within the 
 square. On his Excellency's entering the square, a salute of thir-
 
 449 
 
 teen guns is fired by the detachment of Artillery. He is then es- 
 corted to the Chair of State, in the centre of the western side, sup- 
 ported by the civil department on his right, and military on his left ; 
 and the Company pay the usual standing and marching salutes. 
 They then perform such evolutions as the Commander chooses to 
 exhibit, and then the old Commander wheels the wings inward, form- 
 ing three sides of a square, when he affectionately takes leave of his 
 brother officers and soldiers, and inculcates the spirit of subordi- 
 nation. 
 
 The Company being again formed in line, in open ranks, the 
 music playing common time, the Captain marches from the right-as 
 far as the centre, when he turns to the right and proceeds to the 
 Governor, to resign the insignia of his office. When the Captain 
 has arrived at the centre and turned to the right, the Lieutenant 
 commences marching to the right of the Company, to assume the 
 command. The last word of command given by the old Commander 
 is carry arms ; at which position they remain until he has saluted 
 his Excellency and resigned his badges ; when the Lieutenant may 
 ease the position of the men, remembering to bring them to the 
 shoulder and support, as the old Captain returns to the ranks. The 
 old Commander, having arrived at about eight paces distance from 
 the Governor, halts and pays the standing salute, and advancing a 
 little, addresses him, concluding by delivering the espontoon to his 
 Excellency ; he then uncovers and listens to what the Governor shall 
 say, which being finished, he covers, comes to the right about face 
 and marches, quick time, through the centre to the rear, where he 
 is divested of his sword and ornaments, and putting on the accoutre- 
 ments of the new Commander, who by this time has left his post and 
 retired to the rear, takes his place in line as a common soldier. 
 When properly prepared, the new Commander, the music playing 
 quick time, marches through the centre directly to his Excellency, 
 halts when eight paces distant, and uncovers. When advanced a 
 little, the Governor addresses him, usually in the purport of a written 
 commission, and concludes by placing in his hands the espontoon, 
 which he receives as soon as he is covered and pays the standing 
 salute, and then replies to his Excellency in such manner as the oc- 
 casion may dictate. Upon coming to the right about face, the music 
 common time, he marches to the centre of the Company. The Lieu- 
 tenant gives the word, present arms when he has approached to 
 about twenty paces distance from the standard ; when he arrives 
 close in front of the standard, he pays the marching salute and turns 
 to the left ; at the same time he turns to the left, the old Lieutenant 
 commences marching to his post on the left of the Company. 
 
 57
 
 450 
 
 The first word of command given by the new Commander is 
 shoulder arms. After a moment of rest, the old Lieutenant marches 
 to the centre and turns to the left, common time, and proceeds to 
 his Excellency, to whom he resigns in a similar manner as the old 
 Commander, and returns in quick time to the rear. The new Lieu- 
 tenant proceeds, quick time, to his Excellency, as the new Command- 
 er had done, where he is commissioned in a similar manner, and hav- 
 ing received the badge of his office, marches in common time to the 
 centre, salutes, and, turning to the right, marches to his post on the 
 left of the Company, who present arms when he is about twenty 
 paces distant from the standard. The old Ensign then resigns his 
 office in a similar way, by proceeding directly from his post, and de- 
 livering the standard to the Governor. Having returned to the rear 
 of the centre, the new elected Ensign proceeds, and is commissioned 
 in the same manner ; places the standard in the socket, faces the 
 Company, and when twenty paces distant from his post, he waves 
 the standard at the same time they present arms. 
 
 When the old officers severally march up, the Company should be 
 at carry arms ; when they return they should be at support arms. 
 When the newly elected officers severally march up to be commis- 
 sioned, the Company should be at carry arms; and when they return 
 the Company should present arms. The espontoon is considered 
 the commission of the Captain and Lieutenants, the same as the 
 pike and half pike were formerly, and the standard was the commis- 
 sion of the Ensign. 
 
 The old Sergeants then repair through the centre to the new Com- 
 mander, and resign their offices by delivering their halberds to the 
 new Commander, (the drummer receives them,) and they salute, un- 
 cover, and address the Commander, through the Orderly, and,are 
 addressed by him in a manner similar to the ceremony before re- 
 lated in regard to commissioned officers. They then return through 
 the centre to the rear, and exchange places and accoutrements with 
 the new Sergeants, who repair to the new Commander, and he trans- 
 mits to them the halberds, and qualifies them. His Excellency is 
 then informed that the Company is duly organized, and the Com- 
 manden closes the duty of the day by paying the usual standing and 
 marching salutes. His Excellency is then escorted to his residence, 
 and the Company return to Faneuil Hall, where the fatigues of the 
 day are forgotten in the pleasures of the festive board. 
 
 The Company have always considered it improper 
 for the Lieut. Governor to officiate and receive the 
 badges of the old officers and commission the new,
 
 451 
 
 when there was a Governor in the actual discharge of 
 that office. Previous to the Revolution, nothing upon 
 the subject is found on record ; yet the surviving mem- 
 bers admitted before, strongly affirm the position here 
 stated, as that which was transmitted to them from 
 times long past. From the testimony of an elderly gen- 
 tleman of great accuracy, the following information is 
 derived. " At the election, June, 1774, Gov. Gage, 
 with the General Court at Salem, to which place the 
 seat of Government was transferred from Boston, by 
 order of the British Parliament, as part of the punish- 
 ment of the town of Boston for suffering the East India 
 Company's tea to be destroyed in the harbor. The 
 commissions of the officers were exchanged by the Hon. 
 William Brattle, Esq, Major General throughout the 
 Province. It was expected that this duty would be per- 
 formed by Lieut. Gov. Oliver, but on deliberation it was 
 determined that he held no military rank while the Gov- 
 ernor was in the Province. Gov. Hutchinson had done 
 that duty when only Lieut. Governor, but it was after 
 Gov. Pownal's departure, in 1760, and previous to Gov. 
 Barnard's arrival. He was then considered Command- 
 er-in-Chief of the Province." 
 
 At the election, June, 1790, the Governor (Hancock) 
 being indisposed, did not attend the services of the day ; 
 but the Lieut. Governor and Council did. The weather 
 was stormy. " The Company proceeded to elect their 
 officers for the year ensuing in the hall, after which the 
 commissioned officers repaired to the house of his Ex- 
 cellency the Commander-in-Chief, with the officers 
 elect, where the former resigned the badges, and the 
 latter received them from his Excellency." This cere- 
 mony was interesting and solemn. The compiler was 
 informed by an old member (Maj. J. Bray) that Gov. 
 Hancock was so indisposed that he was bolstered up in
 
 452 
 
 his bed, and that the officers repaired to his sick cham- 
 ber, and the ceremony was performed at his bed-side. 
 
 June 3d, 1799, and June, 1835, the badges were re- 
 signed to, and the newly elected officers invested by, the 
 Lieut. Governor. No mention is made on record of 
 the Governor during the day, in 1799. It is supposed, 
 however, that Gov. Sumner was dangerously sick at his 
 residence in Roxbury, for he died June 7th, 1799 and 
 was buried June 12th. In the arrangement of the pro- 
 cession there was at first sonle difficulty about the place 
 assigned the Company, being nearly last ; but finally a 
 higher place was assigned them, which was satisfactory.* 
 If the ceremony is not performed by the Governor, the 
 oldest Major General in the State present performs the 
 duty. 
 
 On the field day April 7th, 1729, the Company being under arms, 
 the record says : " Whereas the commissioned officers of this Com- 
 pany, were absent by illness, and other avocations, the Company by 
 handy vote, made choice of Lieut. Col. Habijah Savage to lead and 
 exercise the Company for this day ; which he accordingly accepted," 
 and the day's duty was performed under him. Col. Savage was then 
 a field officer in commission and a soldier in the ranks of the Com- 
 pany ; hence it is inferred, that the highest commissioned officer 
 present always commands, and the Sergeants may supply the vacan- 
 cies according to seniority. If all the commissioned officers should 
 be absent, a Sergeant in the Company cannot lead them, but they 
 must by hand vote select a Commander for the time being, who must 
 be of the rank of a field officer, if one be present, and the Sergeants 
 may fill the other subaltern offices according to seniority. On the 
 same principles, if the old Captain should have deceased, or is absent 
 or confined by sickness, on Election day, the badge of office, the 
 espontoon, must be resigned by a past Commander to the Governor, 
 usually the oldest present, and even if he is not in uniform. This 
 ought to be done by appointment of the Company. So likewise if 
 the Lieutenant and Ensign, or either of them is absent. When 
 Gen. Mattoon was confined by the loss of his eye-sight, the badge of 
 
 * At the funeral procession in Boston, in honor of the late President Harrison, 
 the Ar. Co. were first; the Scot's Char. Soc. founded about 20 years after, were 
 placed next. Hon. Lieut. Col. J. Quincy, jr, was Chief Marshal.
 
 453 
 
 his office was resigned by Gen. J. Winslow, the oldest past Com- 
 mander living, except his Excellency, in citizen's dress. 
 
 The Company have not frequently promoted an offi- 
 cer without his first returning to the ranks and serving 
 one year at least as a private; there are, however, some 
 instances to the contrary, as the reader has seen in the 
 course of this History. 
 
 May 8th, 1761, it was voted, "that whoever may be 
 Captain of this Company, a Captain in the militia shall 
 not be obliged to serve otherwise than Lieutenant, and 
 a Lieutenant in the militia otherwise than as Ensign, 
 and an Ensign in the militia shall not serve as a Ser- 
 geant unless a field officer leads the Company." This 
 vote shows how rigidly the Company adhered, in former 
 times, to ancient ceremonies and rank. 
 
 A custom has also been transmitted, of having what 
 are called squad meetings. At first, it might appear to 
 some that they sprang from the usage, long since ex- 
 tinct, of meeting on the evening of a field day at some 
 officer's house, as often mentioned in the old records, 
 for business, and to consult for the Company's welfare ; 
 this may be their origin, but the connection cannot now 
 be traced. As practised immediately before and after 
 the Revolution, they were not a meeting of the whole 
 Company, but only about a seventh part. The officer 
 at whose house they assembled, usually in the winter, 
 was the Commander for the evening. When assem- 
 bled, they practised in his parlor, the facings, wheelings, 
 and manoeuvres, generally without arms; and when 
 that duty was over, sat down to talk over the affairs of 
 the Company, and canvass the pretensions of candidates 
 for office at the next election. The evening's duty was 
 occasionally interspersed with anecdotes, merriment and 
 songs, and closed with a frugal repast. This having be- 
 come expensive, the Company, 1819, were induced to
 
 454 
 
 regulate the subject ; the report of the Committee there- 
 on says : 
 
 " That a squad meeting was originally intended to promote social 
 intercourse, to converse upon subjects tending to the interests of the 
 Company, and for the furtherance of its military reputation, and not 
 for the purposes of extravagance and luxury." 
 
 The convivial meetings, now discontinued wholly, 
 served to cement the friendship of members ; so also 
 have the respectful attentions paid the dead. When a 
 member dies, they always attend the funeral. When 
 one who has been an officer in the Company, but had 
 previously ceased to be a member, dies, they attend in 
 the same manner. When a past Commander, being a 
 member, dies, they have paid some additional marks of 
 respect, the Company attending and preceding the 
 corpse, without arms or uniform. When an officer dies 
 in commission, he is buried under arms ; and when a 
 non-commissioned officer dies, the Company, in uniform 
 but not under arms, precede the corpse. When the de- 
 ceased has in his life time requested these ceremonies 
 to be omitted, or it is not agreeable to his relations, the 
 Company who attend walk as citizens only. 
 
 What the uniform of the Company was when it was founded, 1637, 
 or whether they had any uniform, is now unknown. There is a 
 tradition that originally the officers and members all wore large 
 white wigs ; but there is nothing certain as to that point. The most 
 ancient color of the uniform is thus alluded to in Dr. Colman's Cen- 
 tury Sermon, in 1738, page 27, where he says : " Our scarlet and 
 crimson can boast no proved valor equal to their HARDY BUFF. Our 
 children, it may be, would be frighted to see the dress and aspect 
 of one of their great-grandfathers on such a day as this. They put 
 on courage and it clothed them, and they took on then an authority, 
 which together with their righteousness was their crown and diadem. 
 The Captains awed their families and neighbours by their gravity 
 and piety, as well as frighted their enemies by their boldness and 
 firmness. The natives trembled when they saw them train, and old
 
 455 
 
 as well as young stood still and reverenced them, as they passed 
 along in martial order." 
 
 In a note to the words crimson and scarlet, published with the 
 sermon, the learned Dr. C. says : " A very proper dress for officers 
 and others in the militia, in my eye ; for I think soldiers should 
 array themselves in a distinguishing habit on their day of training, 
 if they can well afford it ; and so far as I can remember, or have 
 been informed, our fathers did so ; so that I could not mean any re- 
 flection on the present dress of the gentlemen in arms, as some have 
 been ready to take the words. And as to the present expense, I know 
 not whether it be much more than our fathers' buff and ribbands 
 were in their day. And if it be, I suppose the present officers and 
 soldiers have as good estates to bear it, and many of them much 
 greater ; though the land is poor and in distress, through want of a 
 medium for trade, &,c." 
 
 From the foregoing, we conclude the most ancient uniform was 
 blue coats, with buff underclothes ; and that scarlet or crimson was 
 substituted for blue about 1738, since Dr. C. seems to speak as if it 
 were recently adopted. Common report speaks of the dress of the 
 Company as very rich, such as a scarlet coat, crimson silk stockings, 
 with large gold clocks, and shoes with silver buckles ; also a large 
 cocked hat trimmed with gold lace. 
 
 Sept. 2d, 1754, the Company voted " in future to appear on train- 
 ing days with white silk hose ;" and Sept. 6th, 1756, " that every 
 person admitted into this Company, for the future, shall provide for 
 themselves, and appear on each of our training days, with a blue coat 
 and a gold-laced hat." April 2d, 1770, voted, " that every member 
 of this Company furnish himself with a pair of white linen spatter- 
 dashes, against the next Artillery Election day." In May following, 
 the buttons were fixed upon to be white, and the straps or knee 
 bands black ; black buttons for the spatterdashes were first intro- 
 duced August 4th, 1786. July 28th, 1772, "the Company met to 
 consider of some method to raise the spirit and reputation of the 
 Company, and keep up the honour they have so long sustained ;" 
 and they agreed to come into an uniform, viz : " blue coats and 
 lappels, with yellow buttons, the cock of the hat to be uniform with 
 the rnilitia officers wigs and hair to be clubbed ;" and, soon after, 
 they fixed the uniform of the music to be, a white cloth coat, with 
 blue lappels, trimmed with blue and white lining; white linen waist- 
 coat and breeches, and a cap covered with white cloth and trimmed 
 with gold binding." Thus the uniform remained, until the meetings 
 of the Company were suspended by the Revolution. 
 
 In January, 1787, the Company adopted a permanent uniform,
 
 456 
 
 viz : " coats, deep blue cloth and faced with buff, and straps on the 
 shoulders to secure the belts, with hooks and eyes at the skirts, the 
 buttons plain yellow, double washed. 2d. Buff vest and breeches; 
 buttons uniform with the coat. 3d. Plain black hat, with black 
 buttons, loop and cockade ; cocks to be soldier-like and uniform as 
 possible. 4th. White linen spatterdashes, to fasten under the foot 
 and come part up the thigh, with black buttons, and black garter to 
 buckle below the knee. 5th. White stocks. 6th. Bayonet and pouch 
 belt white, two and a half inches wide, to be worn over the shoulders. 
 7th. Pouches to be uniform. 8th. The hair to be qued. 9th. Guns 
 to be as near uniform as possible. 10th. White ruffled shirts, at 
 wrist and bosom. The music's uniform to be the same as the Com- 
 pany, the coats being reversed." This continued the uniform, with 
 trifling alteration, for twenty-three years; the Company, however, 
 dispensed with ruffles (at the wrist) 1798. 
 
 The uniform was altered and precisely arranged, August, 1810, 
 when the following was adopted, viz : " Chapeau de bras, ornamented 
 with a fantail cockade, silver loop and button, and a full black plume 
 eighteen inches long. 2d. Coat deep blue superfine cloth, with red 
 facings and white linings ; blue shoulder straps, edged with red ; 
 two silver laced button-holes each side of the collar ; diamond on the 
 skirts ; and white convex buttons, stamped with the arms of the 
 State and the word Commonwealth. 3d. Waistcoat white Mar- 
 seilles, single breasted, with a standing collar. 4th. Smallclothes 
 fine white cassimere, with white metal buttons on the knees. 5th. 
 White stock. 6th. Gaiters fine white linen, to come up to the 
 knee-pan over the smallclothes, with black buttons ; a black velvet 
 knee-strap, with a white buckle ; the shoes to be short quartered and 
 tied ; long hair, to be braided and turned up, and the whole to wear 
 powder ; to be worn on the Anniversary. 7th. On other field days, 
 stock to -.be black, and the gaiters to be of fine black cassimere, with 
 black buttons, of the same length with the white, and worn in the 
 same manner. 
 
 In 1819, the plume was changed to white, ten inches long. On 
 common field days the commissioned officers wore military boots in- 
 stead of gaiters. Thus have all the varieties and changes of uniform 
 been presented the reader that can now be ascertained. 
 
 In June, 1820, a Committee reported upon the expediency of al- 
 lowing such members as hold commissions to appear in the ranks in 
 the uniform of the corps to which they may belong. This report, 
 being an ample exposition of what the Company was designed for, 
 we have substantially extracted from the records. 
 
 " The Committee, desirous, if so great a change as was contem-
 
 457 
 
 plated should be made in the appearance of the Company, that a cor- 
 respondent effect should be produced in the community, have unof- 
 ficially conferred with some of the most influential members of the 
 Civil Government of the State, and with many military officers, who 
 are not now members of the Company. Besides, the Committee con- 
 sidered the public as having a direct interest in the question ; for the 
 Company have never regarded themselves as a private association, 
 claiming particular privileges for their own advantage ; but, as a 
 public institution, invested with the greatest powers, for the advance- 
 ment of the most important public benefits. From the preamble of 
 the charter, it is to be inferred that the grantees were members of dif- 
 ferent companies, who were desirous of advancing the military art by 
 introducing an uniformity of discipline throughout the Province. It 
 also appears, that their petition was viewed in so favorable a light by 
 the government, that their request was not only complied with, but 
 that the authority of appointing its officers was expressly relinquished 
 by the General Court and Council, and the power of choosing them 
 granted to the Company. Such a privilege as this would not have 
 been conferred by an arbitrary government, but upon such individ- 
 uals as the government itself leaned upon for support. The extent 
 of the confidence of the Council in them, is to be inferred, as well from 
 the elective privilege aforenamed, as from the authority which was 
 given them to assemble in any town within the jurisdiction. Their 
 military standing and importance is to be deduced from the fact, 
 that their services in the companies to which they belonged were 
 considered so indispensable, that those were ordered not to assemble 
 on the days appointed for the Company meeting. It would seem 
 also, from the prohibition upon towns not to hold their meetings upon 
 the days of the Company training, that the grantees and their asso- 
 ciates were not only of importance as military men, but that, like 
 those who now sustain military offices, they were persons possessed 
 of important useful influence in the political concerns of the coun- 
 try. Surely great value must have been attached to an institution, 
 to which was given such high and unusual privileges, and to which 
 was added a grant of land, to aid it in the accomplishment of its 
 public objects. 
 
 " The patriotic spirit evinced by the founders of the Company, has 
 since exhibited itself in various periods of its history. This was suc- 
 cessfully appealed to by Gov. Bowdoin, at the time of the insurrec- 
 tion, in 1786. Their conduct on that, and several other occasions, 
 was highly exemplary ; and it is with no small degree of pride and 
 pleasure, in looking over the rolls and records of the Company, that 
 
 the Committee find that those who have succeeded to the immuni- 
 se
 
 458 
 
 ties and honors of the original grantees, have been possessed of sim- 
 ilar influence and character. That such has ever been the case, is 
 evident from its history ; and its records discover that its utility has 
 been the foundation of the continued patronage of the government, 
 shown to it in additional grants of land by the Legislature; their re- 
 mission of taxes on its property, and the distinguished honors annu- 
 ally conferred on it by the Executive. 
 
 " The Charter of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company 
 contains principles which are now considered as vital in our political 
 institutions. 
 
 " The annual election of its Company officers, from the highest to 
 the lowest, and their return to the ranks, obeying the will of their 
 successors in authority, at the expiration of their term of service, is 
 an archetype of the elective rights guaranteed to us by the charter of 
 our civil government ; and from the practice of this Company in the 
 choice of its officers for a century and an half, our statesmen were 
 convinced, that by extending the elective franchise to the Militia, its 
 strength, influence and respectability would be increased. Their 
 wisdom has been proved in both cases. The elective principle as 
 applicable to civil rulers, has been adopted in every State ; but those 
 who had never seen the principle of the election of military officers 
 practically illustrated, nor witnessed its salutary effects, retained the 
 power of appointment in the Executive authority. The elective 
 principle, as applied to military officers, may be reckoned among 
 the chief causes why men of more distinction and intelligence have 
 accepted of commands in the Militia of this State than in others 
 where it is not admitted, and, consequently, why we have a better 
 Militia than in those where the officers are appointed by the Execu- 
 tive authority. 
 
 " The reverence which is felt for one of the first establishments of 
 our ancestors, the particular advantage which the country has de- 
 rived from it, and its general influence, the Committee think, will 
 ever cause its character to be respected ; while the pride of charac- 
 ter, which distinguishes its members, they hope will prevent it from 
 degenerating into an institution of useless ceremony, for the amuse- 
 ment of holiday admirers. Though this should not be the effect of 
 design, it might arise from that inertness in its members, which 
 would content itself with upholding the Company to its former re- 
 spectable footing, notwithstanding the public exhibitions of other 
 companies should demonstrate that its relative importance was lost. 
 
 " The Company should have, for its chief objects, the attainment 
 and diffusion of military knowledge. It should be able to teach the 
 learned and instruct the skilful. It is denominated " the Military
 
 469 
 
 Company of Massachusetts ;" and as such it should take and keep the 
 lead of all the military companies and associations in the State ; and 
 on its days of election and public parade, it should exhibit, as they 
 are discovered, all new improvements in exercise and manoeuvres. 
 It should be the tribunal, to which all officers should appeal, for cor- 
 rect decisions upon theoretical points ; and soldiers, for practical 
 illustrations of them. When the Company shall aim at these ob- 
 jects, it may be presumed that the increased share of public atten- 
 tion which it will receive, will be usefully bestowed ; and that the 
 officers of all grades, and corps of the militia, will be desirous of 
 joining it; and thus, as a school of officers, it will have an impor- 
 tant influence in producing an uniformity of drill and discipline in 
 all the divisions of the State. 
 
 " Among the reasons why the Company Roll is not larger, it is 
 thought, the by-law prohibiting the admission of any person into it 
 who is not twenty-one years old, may be reckoned. 
 
 " There are two other principal reasons, which have operated to 
 prevent the enlargement of the Company Roll. The first is, that 
 other Companies discover more ambition and military ardor than 
 ours, which is composed of older men, who do not possess their 
 activity of muscular action, and who have served so long as to have 
 lost the excitement of novelty. The second, that the Company, as 
 at present conducted, does not offer sufficient attractions to those, 
 who are thus advanced in age, as well as in military experience, to 
 induce them to purchase new uniforms, and subject themselves, in 
 addition, to, the payment of a heavy annual assessment. Upon these 
 objections, the Committee were of opinion, that if the second can 
 be removed, as many younger men would become members of the 
 Company, its esprit du corps would, of itself, be sufficient to obviate 
 the first. 
 
 " Your Committee will not discuss the public advantages which 
 would arise from establishments for the drilling of officers. As those 
 are well known, it is sufficient for them to observe, that in almost 
 every petition which has been presented to the General Court, for 
 the amendment of the militia law, this has been enumerated among 
 the most important of those which have been named. The popular 
 sentiment, therefore, as well as the sound judgment of the commu- 
 nity, is in favor of such a modification of it. The Company, accord- 
 ing to the spirit of their charter, may anticipate the amendment of 
 the law, by making the Company what it was designed to be at 
 its institution, a school of, and for officers, with confidence that 
 its efforts will be encouraged by the Legislature. But, to make 
 it as extensively useful as its powers admit, the objection of many
 
 460 
 
 officers, which arises from the expense of providing a new uni- 
 form, and paying a considerable annual assessment besides, must 
 be obviated. For it cannot be supposed by any one, that if the Gen-; 
 eral Court should adopt any plan for drilling the officers of the mili- 
 tia, either in regiments or brigades, that they would require them to 
 provide a separate uniform for the purpose. 
 
 " A fear was entertained, that if the uniform of the Company was 
 changed, the identity of the Company would be lost to the public ; 
 and it was observed, that though such changes might be becoming 
 in younger institutions, yet, as the dignity of ours consisted in its 
 antiquity, its distinguishing characteristic by a change of uniform 
 would be lost. But, as the Company have already had four, and, as 
 it is supposed, six different uniforms, it was concluded that the ob- 
 jection weighed less against the proposed alteration in this, than it 
 would against a change of uniform in any other Company. 
 
 " There was also another objection, arising from the singularity of 
 the appearance which the Company would present if the plan was 
 adopted, which occurred to almost every one, upon its first promul- 
 gation. The Company, it is supposed, was first uniformed in 1738, 
 and for a long time it was the only uniformed Company in the State. 
 In 1772, when they adopted a new uniform, considering themselves 
 as a Company of officers, they had distinct regard and reference to 
 that worn by the militia. And in 1810, the uniform then worn was 
 entirely laid aside, and that which was established for the field and 
 company officers of the Militia Infantry, upon the same principle of 
 convenience and accommodation, was adopted by the Company. 
 In searching its history, your Committee have, besides these, found 
 continued instances of a disposition in the Company to meet the 
 views and wishes of the militia officers, who, until within a few years 
 back, it must be inferred from the records, have had the principal 
 regulation of the Company affairs. In one instance, a Committee 
 was appointed ' to wait upon the field officers of the regiment, to 
 know if they, either of them, would take the command of the Com- 
 pany the ensuing year.' This vote was passed in 1772, and shows 
 that until that time, at least, the Company was chiefly composed of 
 militia officers. Since that period, very great changes have taken 
 place in our military as well as civil institutions. Our militia is not 
 now confined to Artillery, Cavalry and Infantry Corps ; but Light In- 
 fantry, Grenadier and Rifle Companies have been established. As 
 these are composed of such as voluntarily enlist into them, they are 
 generally distinguished for the beauty of their dress, the excellence 
 of their discipline, and the extent of their military attainments. Can 
 any good reason be offered, then, why the officers of these companies,
 
 461 
 
 as well as others, should not be admitted into the Company, without 
 being at the expense of providing new uniforms ? 
 
 " The objection under consideration, arising from the singularity 
 of the appearance which the Company would present, it is admitted 
 might be urged with great propriety against any other company than 
 this ; for they consist principally of privates ; whereas, this is prin- 
 cipally composed of officers. 
 
 " Upon the whole, then, the Committee are unanimously of opin- 
 ion that the proposition submitted to their consideration should be 
 adopted, and that the following alterations in the rules and regula- 
 tions of the Company should accordingly be made : 
 
 " Members of the Company who hold, or who have held commis- 
 sions in the militia, may appear in the uniform of their respective 
 offices ; provided, that the commissioned officers of the Company 
 only shall be permitted to wear in it the insignia of their militia 
 offices. 
 
 " The number of officers of the Company shall be proportioned 
 to the number of its active members, and shall be fixed previous to 
 the election of officers annually. 
 
 " The members of the Company shall wear a herring-bone, or the 
 number of them to which they are entitled by the rules of the Com- 
 pany, at all times, on their military coats, as a badge of membership. 
 
 " Officers of the militia, though under the age of twenty-one years, 
 may be admitted into the Company as members." 
 
 September 6th, 1820, the above Report was unanimously adopted ; 
 the entrance money was reduced from fifteen to ten dollars, since 
 reduced to five dollars. 
 
 In October, 1841, it was voted to adopt for the Infantry the Con- 
 tinental uniform, as the same appears in Washington's portrait in 
 Faneuil Hall. In 1839, all fines were abolished. 
 
 The proceeds of the Company lands were not invested in stocks 
 till after the Revolution Part of their funds had at times been in- 
 vested in mortgages of Copp's Hill and certain lands in Charlestown 
 Square ; also, Col. Blanchard's mortgage ; also, in bonds of individ- 
 uals. Mortgages, however, proved injurious to the Company, not 
 being able to command the interest when due and needed. Invest- 
 ment in stocks has been attended with many facilities and little loss. 
 
 The Clergy have always taken a strong interest in the welfare of 
 the Company, with the exception of the Rev. John Pierpont. They 
 have been ever welcome guests on its anniversary ; but they have 
 become so numerous, the invitations are confined to the preachers of
 
 462 
 
 its sermon. Annually, in April, a clergyman in the State, without 
 regard to religious sentiments, is nominated by the Commander to 
 preach the ensuing Election Sermon. The Commander of right 
 nominates, and the Company have never negatived the nomination. 
 The commissioned officers for the year are the Committee to wait 
 on the Chaplain and request a copy of the sermon for the press. 
 Formerly, the field officers of Boston Regiment, and the Treasurer, 
 were of this Committee. Once more, in review of their friendly ser- 
 vices, for two centuries, we, the present members, would record the 
 thankful recollection of the past Preachers. 
 
 From June 5th, 1731, to this day, the custom has been to present 
 the preacher fifty copies of his sermon. Many learned and patriotic 
 discourses have been delivered* and printed, and preserved in the 
 historical and literary archives. From the talents and influence ex- 
 erted on this occasion, many bright ornaments of the Church have 
 been brought into public notice and deserved distinction. And, 
 finally, many excellent Odes have been written for the Anniversary, 
 by McLellan, Power, and others but we have only room for one, 
 composed by Rev. N v L. Frothingham, D. D. and sung at the 
 Church, June, 1841 : 
 
 SONS of the free, be true to glory, 
 
 And be that glory true and wise! 
 O heed your noble fathers' story! 
 
 O see the waiting nation's eyes! 
 That story fires the world already 
 
 With generous deeds for freedom done; 
 Those eyes pursue the westering sun, 
 To watch you with their gazes steady. 
 Stand close ye chosen line, 
 
 And vindicate your birth! 
 March on! your banner'd stars shall shine 
 A blessing o'er the earth! 
 
 No spoil that's won by fraud or plunder 
 
 E'er swell the treasures of your State! 
 No wars, with fratricidal thunder, 
 
 Storm out your place among the great! 
 Let master-skill, and patient labor, 
 
 And heaven's own gifts, your store increase; 
 
 And be the strength of honest peace 
 For fiery shot and bloody sabie. 
 Stand close, &c. 
 
 * April 20th, 1682, Dr. Sprat preached the Election Sermon before the Artillery 
 Company in London, at St. Mary Le Bow Sir William Prichard being President; 
 
 Sir James Smith, Vice President; Sir Andrew .Treasurer. Text from 
 
 Luke: " He that hath no sword, let him sell his garment and buy one."
 
 463 
 
 Ye late were few, that now are many; 
 
 Ye late were weak, that now are strong; 
 Beyond the ridgy Alleghany, 
 
 From sea to sea ye roll along. 
 O keep the brother-bond forever, 
 
 That knits your numbers into one! 
 
 Be sure your praise is all undone, 
 Should jealous feuds that Union sever. 
 Stand close, &c. 
 
 Let knowledge wear her crown upon her! 
 
 Your cry go forth : more light! more light! 
 And every spot that marks dishonor 
 
 Fade off from all your 'scutcheons white! 
 Through glowing suns and sleety weather, 
 
 Let weal or adverse fates befall, 
 
 Together hark to God's great call, 
 And rise and reign, or sink together. 
 Stand close, &c. 
 
 Set high the throne of heavenly Order; 
 
 Revere the shield and blade of Law; 
 From central point to farthest border, 
 
 Beheld with love, obeyed with awe. 
 Unruly factions ne'er mislead you! 
 Calm as the angel Michael stood, 
 Keep at your feet hell's ruffian brood, 
 With right to arm, and God to speed you! 
 Stand close ye chosen line, 
 And vindicate your birth! 
 March on! your banner'd stars shall shine 
 A blessing o'er the earth. 
 
 A pattern of the Continental uniform, adopted last autumn, was 
 beautifully made by Lieut. Col. E. W. Stone, Commander, and the 
 member for whom it was prepared was requested to wear it on the 
 coming anniversary. Owing to the embarrassments of the times, its 
 general adoption was postponed. 
 
 May 10th, 1842, died in Boston, Zechariah Hicks, a past member, 
 aged 87. " Upright and ho'norable in his dealings."
 
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 258 History of the 
 
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