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This hook was §ref>ared by order of the 
 Board of Directors of the 
 
 San Diego-California Club 
 
 for the benefit of our Honorary Members 
 
 to visualize life in San Diego 
 
 as you will actually find it ufcon arrival 
 
» * » . 
 
 u/a4/a»i 
 
 The Home Port oj more than half the warships oj the Pacijic Fleet 
 
 What Life WW Mean to You 
 
 "Every man is rich or ftoor according to the degree 
 in which he can afford to enjoy the necessaries, 
 conveniences and amusements of human life." 
 
 --Adam Smith. 1776 
 
 DIEGO citizens claim no 
 superiority for their city be- 
 cause it possesses paved streets, 
 electric lights, sewers and side- 
 walks. These things are, for- 
 tunately, adjuncts of life in every modern 
 American city 
 
 The eighty-five thousand permanent 
 residents, and ten thousand half-year guests 
 of this thriving, modern city find satisfac- 
 n and delight in living here because of an 
 appealing combination of exceptional ad- 
 vantages which has caused the population 
 to double within the last ten years. 
 
 Climate, beauty of surroundings, acces- 
 sibility, geographical location and its com- 
 manding position as one of the three natural 
 deep water ports on the Pacific coast of the 
 United States, all are factors that influence 
 notably the daily life of the people, and 
 the steady growth of the city. 
 
 To these considerations has just been 
 added another in the opening of a new 
 transcontinental railroad route, over the 
 San Diego and Arizona Railway and its 
 eastern connections. The new route tra- 
 verses, and brings into direct connection 
 with ocean commerce, the Imperial Valley, 
 
 >66 
 
A squadron of big fellows at North Island 
 
 which is the richest farming section in the 
 world, and the cattle, mining and agri- 
 cultural districts of New Mexico and Ari- 
 zona. It is the shortest route to the 
 Pacific coast for the majority of the in- 
 habitants in the United States south of 
 Chicago and New York City. 
 
 In selecting a permanent home, climate 
 is, and must be, a consideration of moment. 
 To undervalue its importance is to tamper 
 with life itself, for man's ingenuity, which 
 has mitigated somewhat the discomforts 
 of rigorous climates, cannot cool the long, 
 hot night, nor temper the icy wind. It 
 cannot stop the rain or snow, nor change a 
 cloudy day to bright, and no mechanical 
 device will ever furnish endless weeks and 
 months when it is more pleasant to be out 
 of doors than in the house. 
 
 It was not by chance that Juan Rodriguez 
 Cabrillo, discoverer of San Diego bay, 
 entered it on a day when the sun was shining 
 and the air was warm and balmy. Had 
 
 he and his sailors come at .any season of the 
 year, as visitors and new residents now so 
 easily do, they would have experienced the 
 same lightness of heart which the air and 
 surroundings inspired the mahogany skinned 
 sailors to chronicle in their log, in the year 
 A. D. 1542. 
 
 Cool in summer, warm in winter, the 
 temperature of San Diego runs so evenly 
 that, on a basis of forty years' observation 
 the United States weather bureau, through 
 its San Diego meteorologist, has issued a 
 chart from which anyone can determine, 
 with fair certainty, just about the degree 
 of warmth or coolness at any particular 
 week in the year, always with the knowledge 
 that there are only nine days, on an average, 
 in the whole 365 when the sun does not 
 shine. 
 
 A portion of the weather bureau state- 
 ment says: 
 
 "For instance, we may say that for those 
 weeks of the year that stand out prominent- 
 
An afternoon on the Bay 
 
 ly because they contain one or more national 
 holidays, the temperatures given below are 
 more likely to occur than any others : 
 
 NAME OF WEEK TEMPERATURE 
 
 MAX. MIN. 
 
 New Year's, Jan. 1-7 63 46 
 
 Washington's Birthday, Feb. 19-25 63 48 
 Decoration Day, May 28-June 3.. 67 57 
 
 Independence Day, July 2-8 71 61 
 
 Labor Day, Sept. 4-10 73 62 
 
 Thanksgiving Day, Nov. 20-26 66 50 
 
 Christmas, Dec. 25-31 63 47 
 
 "This is to be found only in climatic 
 zones like the one in which San Diego is 
 situated.'* 
 
 The main reason for this almost perfect 
 climate, which is found nowhere else in the 
 United States, is what is technically known 
 as an area of high barometric pressure. 
 This area exists continuously either over 
 San Diego or to the northwest, and is an 
 effective buffer against the storms which, 
 coming out of the Pacific ocean, regularly 
 
 cross the United States. Thus diverted, 
 the storms, striking the northern coast, 
 swing southward with modifying velocity 
 until at San Diego about all that is experi- 
 enced is a gentle rain, usually at night. 
 
 This high pressure area also wards against 
 the storms which sweep the Gulf of Cali- 
 fornia, and to the east a mountain range 
 shuts off the desert winds. 
 
 There has never been a storm of sufficient 
 intensity to damage shipping in the harbor, 
 and high winds are almost unknown. 
 Cabrillo experienced one in his cockleshell, 
 "but took no harm", he wrote. 
 
 With sunny days all the year 'round, the 
 greatest percentage of sunshine is in what 
 are known as the winter months. Thunder- 
 storms, hailstorms and windstorms may be 
 said not to occur, and the winter months 
 are warmer than those of the far-famed 
 Riviera. 
 
 Summer nights are cool enough for a 
 blanket ; porches facing the ocean breeze are 
 
* * *>&>*'' i-u&h 
 
 4l 
 
 Miles of Beaches like this 
 
 a bit cool in the evening, but in the lee of 
 the house the air is soft and pleasant. On 
 the rare days when the temperature approxi- 
 mates the warmth of summer days elsewhere, 
 the breeze is always cool in the abundant 
 shade. 
 
 For days and weeks, the average tem- 
 perature is virtually the same, and to those 
 who are weary of blizzards, tornadoes, 
 torrential downpours of rain, weeks of clouds, 
 scorching winds, suffocating nights, and 
 other meteorological nightmares, San Diego 
 offers a haven of happiness. 
 
 The magnificent results already achieved 
 by scientific care of infants are themselves 
 dwarfed here by Nature, and official examin- 
 ations of thousands of San Diego babies, 
 under classifications provided by the 
 American Medical Association, and under 
 direction of the United States Department 
 of Labor, have established the fact that 
 infants here surpass in chest measurement 
 and length of limb the average infants of 
 
 the East and Middle West. Of five men 
 chosen from some 8,000 students for the 
 University of California strong-man team of 
 1919-1920, three were San Diegans. 
 
 ,-. The beauty of California women, famed 
 
 \ the world around, springs almost altogether 
 from climatic conditions in which the out- 
 of-doors attracts every month in the year, 
 'and healthful physiques are the rule, with 
 
 . no harsh winds or scorching suns to mar the 
 texture of the skin. Their keen interest in 
 life out-of-doors also develops, along with 
 hunting, fishing, swimming, golfing and 
 motoring, a type of mind especially alert. 
 
 i Freed from the stresses of excessive heat and 
 cold, mental faculties of men and women 
 alike react strongly, and residents find 
 plenty of time for business, diversion, art, 
 music and literature. 
 
 . More streets and residences in San Diego 
 overlook ocean and bay than in any other 
 icity in the United States. The scalloped 
 edges of the slopes which, rising gradually 
 
When the heart beats fast— polo at Coronado 
 
 from the city, drop abruptly on the outer 
 edge into Mission Valley, or swell higher 
 toward the mountains, afford a series of 
 promontories with magnificent views, com- 
 parable to the vistas along the Hudson, or 
 along the Potomac below the city of 
 Washington, and with the advantages of 
 city residence which neither of those locali- 
 ties possess. 
 
 Because the city is built around a park, 
 San Diego has no slums, and almost any- 
 where within its boundaries is a good place 
 to buy, build or rent a home. 
 
 With such abundance of beautiful home 
 sites, land values and rentals are reasonable, 
 and, unlike many cities, San Diego has 
 successfully weathered the non-building 
 period of the war. Now, with her growing 
 population, there are still numerous splendid 
 localities for further development, and while 
 real estate has advanced somewhat and 
 probably will continue to advance, a new- 
 comer at present may rely upon more 
 
 satisfactory conditions than exist in any 
 city of equal size in the United States at the 
 present time. 
 
 It is difficult to convey adequately the 
 extent of these opportunities. In every 
 residence section of the city the streets 
 are home streets, with broad lawns, semi- 
 tropical foliage and flowers blooming the 
 year 'round. Much of the building has 
 been done in recent years, and is of the types 
 of architecture brought to their perfection 
 in this sunny climate. The old-time con- 
 stricted construction, in which beauty was 
 a consideration second to space and heating 
 capacity, is largely supplanted here by 
 roomy bungalows and well-dimensioned 
 mansions. Sleeping porches and out-of- 
 door gardens are enjoyed in common by the 
 possessors of big and little homes. 
 
 A home by the ocean, by San Diego bay, 
 or by Mission bay, just to the north; a 
 residence close to Balboa park with its 
 hundreds of acres of gardens, courts, lawns 
 
Aquaplaning, motorboating, and a day's fishing 
 
 and flowers, or on an upland knoll over- 
 looking the park, bay and ocean ; a suburban 
 estate in a pleasant valley, or among or- 
 chards and vineyards, or the orange and 
 lemon groves along the bay shore — any of 
 these is optional in or adjacent to the 
 seventy-eight square miles of land within 
 the city's boundaries, arteried by ninety- 
 three miles of street railways. 
 
 Wherever the home is situated, it is 
 supplied with mountain water, caught from 
 the clouds by the peaks encircling the city 
 and stored in upland reservoirs free from 
 the possibility of contamination. The annual 
 rainfall in the city is about ten inches; in 
 the uplands it rises to nearly forty inches, 
 and the average for the county is twenty 
 inches, — sufficient alike for the requirements 
 of household use, the exuberant foliage, 
 flower-garlanded lawns, and gardens of the 
 city, and for irrigation of the surrounding 
 fruit ranches. 
 
 The cost of food in San Diego is, more 
 nearly than elsewhere, whatever one decides 
 to make it, with the additional advantage 
 of a constantly changing menu. 
 
 A soil exceptionally rich, sunshine the 
 year 'round, and a climate beneficent to all 
 fruits and products of the semi-tropics and 
 the temperate zones, combine to supply 
 the city with fresh fruits and vegetables 
 every week in the year. 
 
 Farmers skilled in the rotation of crops 
 actually deliver new produce from their 
 farms to commission merchants every two 
 weeks without intermission. 
 
 Oranges and lemons are staples all the 
 year around, as are cabbages, radishes, 
 lettuce and similar vegetables. January 
 is an especially good month for strawberries, 
 grapefruit, celery, tomatoes, and green peas ; 
 with string beans added in February, new 
 potatoes in March, raspberries in April, 
 blackberries in May, and new apples in 
 June, as additional crops. In June also 
 
Across smooth walers,—a crew jrom the Normal School 
 
 come figs, melons, cherries, plums and apri- 
 cots, all lasting through the summer, with 
 prunes added in July, peaches and pears in 
 August, and other garden crops ripening in 
 September and October. With the cooler 
 days also persimmons and pomegranates 
 reach their best. 
 
 Grapes begin to appear in July and con- 
 tinue in wonderful abundance well into the 
 winter. 
 
 November and December are noted for 
 all manner of green table delicacies, including 
 pumpkins and squashes. Sweet corn ripens 
 six months in the year. 
 
 Farming in general is conducted on 
 moderate acreages, and while there exist, 
 to this day, vast ranches obtained under 
 Spanish or Mexican grants, and including 
 twenty thousand acres or more in their 
 confines, these are not usual. A few acres 
 here return a larger profit, as a rule, and 
 keep a man busier, than a much larger 
 holding in the Middle West. This is 
 
 because of the succession of crops through- 
 out the year, the high value of these crops, 
 and the nature of the soil. 
 
 For example, there is a good living on 
 five or ten acres in truck gardening or 
 lemons. 
 
 While more than one citizen of San Diego 
 picks his bananas from his own trees, dates 
 and tropical fruits in general flourish in 
 greatest quantity in the Imperial Valley, 
 only a few hours from San Diego over the 
 newly opened San Diego and Arizona Rail- 
 way. The surpassing fertility of this 
 district is easily within reach of San Diegans 
 and supplies them with many table deli- 
 cacies. 
 
 The output of many products is greater 
 than the need. The overflow is shipped by 
 easy water transportation to cities further 
 north, Seattle, Washington, being a notable 
 customer; and by the same routes and cheap 
 transportation, those few products for which 
 
The opening shots,— a public duck drive 
 
 the lands here are too valuable are brought 
 in. 
 
 The growing of avocados (alligator pears) 
 is a steadily developing business, with the 
 demand in excess of the supply. 
 
 It is perhaps fitting that San Diego, 
 where first the Spanish padres planted olive 
 trees, is now one of the greatest olive pro- 
 ducing sections in California, with packing 
 plants and factories from which green and 
 ripe olives and a superior grade of olive oil 
 are shipped to every portion of the United 
 States. 
 
 The city's meat supply comes principally 
 from the upland valleys where prize cattle 
 are ranged the year around, with summer 
 range in the Cleveland National forest. 
 Twenty-eight head of these cattle, entered 
 at the National Dairy Show at Chicago, 
 October 6th to 12th, 1919, took seventy per 
 cent of the Guernsey prizes, including 
 twenty-nine firsts, and the banner for the 
 best showing made by any breeder. There 
 
 are more quality Guernseys on the nine-hun- 
 dred acre upland farm from which these came 
 than on any dairy farm in the United 
 States. This farm is an example of the/ 
 interests found in San Diego city and county 
 by well-to-do men who come here to enjoy 
 what Nature offers in beauty, climate andi 
 opportunities for recreation. 
 
 To follow up the threads of any social, 
 recreational or community activity in San 
 Diego is to arrive presently at the city's 
 wonderland of wonderlands, Balboa park. 
 
 Spread across fourteen hundred acres of 
 lawns, ravines, canyons, playgrounds, golf 
 courses ; brilliant with the hues and tints of 
 millions of flowers throughout the year and 
 shaded by a million trees, it is, in the life of 
 San Diegans, as well as in its geographical 
 location, the very heart of the city. 
 
 Guests of municipalities, elsewhere 
 received in privately maintained accommo- 
 dations, are here made welcome in the 
 Women's building, with its distinctive 
 
Coronado looks to sea past the sheltering arm of Point Loma 
 
 decorations in persimmon and black, which 
 originating here, have been extensively 
 reproduced. The formal teas on open bal- 
 conies, and dancing in the plaza below, are 
 alike brilliant, expecially when, as is often 
 the case, the officers of the fleet and of the 
 army stationed here, are among the guests. 
 
 To the park, also, come the people of San 
 Diego on all occasions of public moment, 
 assembling in the great stadium, where 
 fifty thousand souls may be accommodated 
 to hear a President address the largest 
 audience ever reached by human voice; or 
 to enjoy foot-ball games, chariot races, 
 track events, and pageants, all staged at the 
 same time in the great arena overlooking 
 the harbor. Ben Hur racing with Messala 
 at Antioch had no such a throng of spec- 
 tators, and no such stadium. 
 
 To these unique aspects is added the 
 distinction of being the center of the city's 
 cultural life. The art gallery is of itself an 
 attraction with its recurring exhibits of 
 
 noted collections, but, still more to the 
 honor of the city, and of the park, the wings 
 of the Art building and other buildings are 
 devoted to studios where any artist who 
 will work faithfully is provided, free of all 
 cost, with a studio, and numbers avail 
 themselves of this privilege and incentive. 
 
 Daily music in the park is provided by 
 the great out-of-door pipe organ, really 
 four organs in one — with nearly five 
 thousand pipes, built at a cost of $100,000 
 and presented to the park by two citizens. 
 Nowhere else in the world is there such an 
 instrument, built out-of-doors, because 
 climatic conditions elsewhere are prohibi- 
 tive. The free afternoon recitals with seats 
 provided for thousands of auditors among 
 the flowers and birds are a feature of San 
 Diego life. 
 
 In music as in art, active development 
 is steadfastly supported, and the policy of 
 the city's largest musical club includes 
 encouragement of resident musicians no 
 
A guest, and two views, at Tent City 
 
 less than the formal presentation of eminent 
 artists in public recitals. 
 
 The park museums, with their exhibits of 
 ancient life and architecture, are actively 
 useful, and are the home of the psychological 
 clinic of the public schools, which is not 
 surpassed by any in the country. 
 
 The exquisite flower courts, the rose 
 garden and the innumerable shrubs and 
 plants which beautify the park are reflected 
 in the lawns and gardens of private resi- 
 dences ; and flowers seem the especial province 
 and delight of San Diego women. 
 
 Geraniums grow in sturdy hedges, duly 
 clipped and pruned; marigolds and nas- 
 turtiums swarm over knolls and hillocks 
 without cultivation; the California poppy 
 grows wherever the seed falls and the wild 
 lilac spreads its bloom in the Spring over 
 miles of mountains. All these are common 
 as weeds, and require no attention except 
 uprooting when they trespass too much. 
 
 But to nearly every home, the garden of 
 roses, dahlias, crysanthemums ; its fuschias, 
 zinnias, pansies, asters; its begonias, six 
 feet high, its blazing hibiscus and poin- 
 settia ; with the snapdragon, larkspur, gilly- 
 flower and sweet peas, dear to the old- 
 fashioned garden "back east", are a matter 
 of daily and delightful concern. 
 
 The interplay of business, social and cul- 
 tural relations of San Diego is typified in 
 many organizations. Among the men the 
 Cuyamaca, University, Cabrillo, Rowing, 
 Advertising, Rotary and Greeters' clubs, all 
 are active, and from all of them, as well as 
 from women's clubs and many citizens with 
 no other club affiliations, is drawn the mem- 
 bership of the San Diego-California Club. 
 
 To make living in San Diego still more 
 attractive and to tell other people what 
 life means here are the two purposes of this 
 unusual organization, and its thousand 
 members. A new tennis court where one is 
 needed, support of a bond issue for further 
 
Down town, near the the bay 
 
 improvements, and the financing of a two 
 hundred thousand dollar advertising cam- 
 paign to place San Diego advantages before 
 those who would enjoy sharing them, all are 
 part of the day's work of this club, as 
 distinct from the usual and proper activities 
 of organizations purely commercial, and it 
 maintains a downtown headquarters where 
 newcomers are made welcome by club 
 members who volunteer, in groups, for this 
 purpose 
 
 The San Diego County Federation of 
 Women's Clubs is the longest established 
 of any county federation in the United 
 States, and has a membership of fifty-six 
 clubs. Music, literature, business, and 
 athletics all have their active organizations 
 among women and girls, and the Boy and 
 C jirl Scout societies flourish exceptionally 
 here because of the out-of-door possibilities 
 which every month holds. 
 
 With nearly perpetual sunshine in which 
 to enjoy a variety of sports provided by 
 
 ocean, mountain and bay, the city is a 
 paradise for hunters, fishers and motorists. 
 
 Game of nearly every sort abounds. 
 Ducks in season are so plentiful that public 
 shoots are held twice a week on the nearby 
 lakes and reservoirs, and a bag of a thousand 
 birds from one of these shoots is not excep- 
 tional. 
 
 Just before dawn is starting time in San 
 Diego for one of these public duck drives, 
 and the moon hangs low over the eastern 
 peaks, but already the waters of the bay are 
 pink with reflection of the coming sunrise. 
 The drive begins at seven o'clock on a lake, 
 chosen in advance, but permits are signed, 
 boat numbers are issued, and a score of 
 hunters are on the lake a quarter of an hour 
 sooner. 
 
 The lake, very likely, has a dam at the 
 base, and across its broad expanse, in fairly 
 even line, reaches the string of boats. A 
 brilliantly clear day annoys nobody. The 
 ducks are there, and they will fly. The 
 
In the shopping district 
 
 director of the hunt comes last, sculling his 
 single boat to the middle of the line, and 
 from there commanding his forces. 
 
 A pleasant quiet, like that of a Sunday 
 morning, prevails as the line of boats inches 
 forward. 
 
 An instant later, the air is full of ducks, 
 and men in every boat are firing as fast as 
 their repeaters will work, calling along the 
 line to hunters in other boats, and watching 
 to see where their ducks hit the water. 
 
 The pounding of the guns is reminiscent 
 of sham battles. The spent shot rattles in 
 the water like hail, and ducks splash every- 
 where. The fancy hunters, — some disdain 
 anything larger than a twenty-gauge, — pot 
 their birds head on, and drop them, time 
 after time, directly in front of their boats. 
 Most of the shooters are satisfied to bring 
 their birds down anywhere. Every man 
 shoots as he pleases, but nobody shoots low. 
 
 The din lasts perhaps thirty seconds. 
 Then the boats break line, sculling to reach 
 what each man thinks are the ducks he shot. 
 
 The birds, one remembers afterward, rose 
 in a cloud from the water, straight ahead. 
 "Ruddies", — the little fellows, esteemed 
 by many as next to canvasback, — rise with 
 difficulty, and rejoice in the nickname of 
 "splattertails". They fly low, straight at 
 the boats, and it is a poor hunter who cannot 
 get as many as he can reasonably desire. 
 
 The big fellows, canvasback, widgeon, 
 mallards, and all the rest, fly high. Their 
 ancestors, ten years ago, would have been 
 safe, but they are within the reach of modern 
 ammunition and guns, handled skilfully. 
 
 The rush of the big and little birds is 
 astonishing to the point of dismay. The 
 air is full of them, and alive with the beating 
 of their wings. There's no need to shoot 
 above another man's boat ; there's plenty of 
 shooting right at home. 
 
A turn in the road 
 
 The line re-forms and moves forward, and 
 fifteen minutes later, the scene is repeated. 
 The big fellows who have been backing up 
 the lake, are well scared, and are beginning 
 their break for freedom. They still fly high, 
 but now they are rising closer to the line of 
 boats and are easier to get. The "ruddies" 
 are as plentiful as ever, and the bag is good. 
 
 From eight o'clock until half past eleven, 
 this performance is repeated. The shooting 
 becomes stronger and better toward the 
 upper end of the lake, and everybody is 
 happy. 
 
 When the last cloud has flown overhead, 
 there is a chugging in the rear of the line, 
 and a husky launch picks up the boats, one 
 by one, for the tow back. The hunters 
 climb aboard and smoke comfortably on the 
 trip down the lake. 
 
 A mile from the dam, the launch stops, 
 and the line of boats widens across the water 
 again. Ahead are thousands of ducks which 
 
 flew past the hunt in'the morning drive, and 
 they furnish two hours more of good sport. 
 
 Back again, at the dam, the birds are 
 counted, autos are unparked, and an hour 
 and a half later the hunters are back in 
 town. Each drive is limited, by common 
 consent, to fifty men. 
 
 Fishing, like shooting, is everybody's 
 sport. Here is the home of the Tuna Club, 
 made up of Coronadoans who have caught 
 one of the great fish with tackle of prescribed 
 size. 
 
 The vast kelp fields just beyond Point 
 Lorn a are alive with barracuda, Spanish 
 mackerel, bonita, skipjack, yellowtail, and 
 many other varieties. 
 
 Bay fishing is almost equally varied, and 
 slightly closer at hand. A boy in a rowboat, 
 with fifteen cents worth of tackle, is reason- 
 ably sure of coming back with a halibut of 
 size adequate to the needs of the dinner 
 table; and for the youngster who has no 
 boat, miles of clear water along the piers 
 
Ramona's Marriage Place 
 
 and wharves supply a splendid fishing 
 ground. 
 
 Surf fishing is perhaps a sport by itself, 
 to be enjoyed with wading boots, and lines 
 whirled far out. Corvina and spot fin 
 croakers are caught in this way. Devotees 
 of this sport generally are good sea, bay and 
 fresh-water fishermen as well. It is a sort 
 of post graduate course in fishing. 
 
 The great mountain reservoirs are famous 
 bass and trout feeding places, and the 
 upland streams are consistently stocked by 
 the State Game and Fish Commission. 
 
 To San Diegans the clear waters of the 
 bay are almost as much a recreation field 
 as the land itself. The noon-day swim at 
 the rowing club is an institution among 
 business men, and numbers of them point 
 proudly to continuing years without a day 
 missed from their plunge in the bay. 
 Launch parties, motor-boating, aquaplan- 
 ing, beach suppers and clam bakes furnish 
 unending diversion. The warm ocean teems 
 
 with life and a favorite day excursion is a 
 trip to the Coronado islands, eighteen miles 
 from shore, where birds and seals and the 
 interesting life of submarine gardens attract 
 thousands. 
 
 In water sports, generally, the part taken 
 by San Diego women is possibly even 
 greater than the participation of the men. 
 A girls' rowing club with two hundred 
 members has nine crews of fourteen oars- 
 women each who row twice a week through 
 the winter and enjoy picnics and swimming in 
 summer. The Normal school has two girls' 
 crews, and the High school and Y. W. C. A. 
 each have one; and various other girls' 
 organizations have swimming and rowing 
 departments. 
 
 Coronado peninsula, which forms the outer 
 rim of the bay, offers a greater diversity of 
 sports and amusements than any similar 
 area in the United States. Here in mid- 
 winter come the poloists from the storm- 
 bound East, with their strings of nimble, 
 
An Inn by the Sea— Del Mar 
 
 sagacious ponies, and from January until 
 April a continuing series of polo tourna- 
 ments thrill the spectators. Tennis and 
 golf are daily pastimes. 
 
 A few hundred feet of white sand sepa- 
 rates bay and ocean and offers the alterna- 
 tive of surf bathing or swimming in still 
 water of a somewhat higher temperature. 
 Here, also, in the cove, is anchored the fleet 
 of the San Diego yacht club. 
 
 Between these beaches, along orderly 
 little avenues, are the summer-time palm 
 thatched canvas houses of Tent City, which 
 every year attracts multitudes from every 
 torrid stretch of country within hundreds of 
 miles. Its swimming, bathing, band con- 
 certs, dancing pavilion; its cafeterias, read- 
 ing and club rooms, its children's pool for 
 youngsters too tiny to venture into ocean 
 or bay; its rowing, sailing and fishing, its 
 immediate proximity to Coronado city, with 
 its wonderful homes and gardens and drives, 
 and the fascination of warships in the bay 
 
 with their shore parties of sailors and 
 officers, combine to make this a summer 
 resort of unusual attraction. 
 
 Regardless of athletic inclinations, the 
 American people have virtually become a 
 nation of motorists, and for the man or 
 woman who enjoys motoring, San Diego is 
 almost elysium. 
 
 Every traveled road out of the city is a 
 scenic drive. In the scientific road con- 
 struction which has made California roads 
 famous throughout the United States for 
 number and quality, this county was a 
 pioneer, and within its confines millions of 
 dollars have been poured out. 
 
 Perhaps nowhere else is there to be found 
 such an astonishing variety of loop trips 
 which the motorist can easily make in time 
 varying from one hour to two days, travers- 
 ing upland valleys and mountain passes, and 
 eventually reaching six thousand feet ele- 
 vations without any of the abrupt climbs 
 generally found. This partly because of 
 
The Stadium, where an audience of 50,000, 
 
 natural contour, with many valleys opening 
 down to the sea, and partly because the 
 four hundred miles of boulevards were care- 
 fully engineered and follow easy gradients. 
 
 To go into the mountains does not mean 
 leaving the sea. Nearly seventy miles from 
 San Diego, the motorist, amid mountain 
 peaks, looks back across bay and ocean 
 sparkling in the sunlight. 
 
 A recent survey of various routes indicated 
 that a solid month of motoring would be 
 required to cover only the most direct and 
 most used trips and loops in the county, and 
 motorists whose mileage runs into many 
 thousands are still finding new places to go, 
 new views to be enjoyed and new oppor- 
 tunity for sports. 
 
 In a half day one may easily visit the 
 great army and navy aviation fields at 
 North Island, tour the beautiful winding 
 streets of Coronado, spin down the smooth 
 road between bay and ocean on a narrow 
 peninsula, drop into Old Mexico at the 
 border town of Tijuana, and return 
 through an almost uninterrupted succession 
 of orange and lemon groves sloping down to 
 the bay, — and this is one of perhaps a dozen 
 half-day loop tours, although any of them 
 might well be lengthened by stops at pictur- 
 
 esque and interesting places. Of these Ti- 
 juana is a notable example, with its quaint 
 customs, its citadel and garrison, and its 
 curio shops. Among these varying interests 
 almost anyone is sure to find some amuse- 
 ment which appeals particularly to him. 
 There is exemption from duty on purchases 
 of curios up to a value of two dollars, and 
 tobacco to the value of fifty cents, which 
 enables the visitor to bring back into the 
 United States quaint trinkets and, if desired, 
 a pocketful of black, Mexican cigarettes; 
 and the traffic in postcards, depicting 
 Mexican scenes and mailed from a foreign 
 country, is brisk. From Tijuana, also, a 
 road leads to Ensenada, the capital of 
 Lower California, situated on the seacoast, 
 and for many years a health and pleasure 
 resort. 
 
 Everywhere in the country around San 
 Diego upland and mountain inns and resorts 
 abound. Nor are they of the sort so often 
 found where city food is transferred in cans 
 to be served at country tables. Fresh milk, 
 fresh eggs, fresh poultry, home-made jams 
 and preserves, home-made bread, pastry and 
 cookies are plentiful on their tables. Wher- 
 ever one stops the food is good. 
 
td by human voice, heard President Wilson 
 
 Up the coast to the north along a road 
 which seldom leaves the shore line are pretty 
 villages, including La Jolla and Del Mar, 
 where the Stratford Inn with its beautiful 
 gardens, its great bathhouse and plunge, 
 and its surf bathing, delight motorists and 
 vacation seekers. Winding roads lead among 
 canyons where many attractive homes have 
 been built, each with its separate and special 
 view of the ocean and its rugged surround- 
 ings artistically gardened. From the crest 
 of Del Mar, Catalina Islands and San 
 Jacinto Mountains are seen on clear days, 
 far to the north, and many picturesque 
 canyons and observation points delight the 
 visitor. Here Bayard Taylor wrote his 
 famous poem, "Paso Del Mar*'. Yellow 
 tail, corvina, sea bass, barracuda, tuna and 
 other fish abound, and, in season, dove, 
 quail, curlew, duck, rabbit and other hunt- 
 ing is good. It is near Del Mar that the 
 Torrey Pines, a peculiar and picturesque 
 species found but one other place in the 
 world, attract travelers. 
 
 A tour further north through the little 
 town of Oceanside and up a charming valley 
 to the ancient Mission of San Luis Rey de 
 Francia. is a matter of hours; and further 
 up the valley is the pretty Pala Mission, 
 
 where Indians still attend services as they 
 did in the earliest days of the fathers. The 
 campanile at Pala is a famous bit of archi- 
 tecture. Here also are gem mines, the 
 focus of an area producing every precious 
 stone, except diamonds, and often called 
 the "gem casket of America." Within a 
 space not more than five miles wide and 
 twenty-five miles long, are found tourmaline, 
 topaz, beryl, garnet, hyacinth, aquamarine 
 and kunzite, a wonderful gem almost as 
 hard as a diamond, and discovered nowhere 
 else in the world. Here also are lithia and 
 lepidolite mines, the output of which is 
 used in the manufacture of military fire- 
 works. These mines were discovered by a 
 prospector who noted a tourmaline crystal 
 on the edge of a small pyramid erected by 
 a colony of red ants, and from this beginning 
 unearthed masses of gems. 
 
 To the east, Palomar Mountain resort 
 rises amid oaks and cedars and acres of 
 ferns, which in the shade grow as high as a 
 man's head. This is also apple country to 
 the man who likes apples, and fishing 
 country to the man who likes to fish, with 
 its tumbling trout brooks among the 
 mountains. 
 
The ancient Mission of San Luis Rey de Francia 
 
 A little further east and accessible by 
 direct road from San Diego is Warner Hot 
 Springs, once a stage station on the longest 
 stage line in the world, operating between 
 St. Louis and San Francisco. Across this 
 ranch in the year of the Declaration of 
 American Independence marched the 
 Spanish Captain Anza on his way to found 
 San Francisco, and in its green meadows 
 rested the wearied troops of General Philip 
 Kearny, after their march across the desert 
 to wrest California from the Mexicans in 
 1846. Not far distant was fought the 
 battle of San Pasqual in which this small 
 force of Americans narrowly saved them- 
 selves from annihilation by Mexicans deter- 
 mined to prevent the completion of their 
 march to San Diego. There are forty- 
 seven thousand acres of meadow land and 
 mountains in the rancho, which was deeded 
 to Don Juan Warner by the last of the 
 Mexican governors of California, and which 
 
 still stands as it was when the Mission 
 fathers first came to this land. 
 
 The nearest town is thirty miles away. 
 Wonderful journeys by foot or horseback, 
 and splendid fishing trips await the guest 
 who has been refreshed by baths in the 
 hot springs, swimming in the open-air 
 plunge, and sleeping through the long, cool 
 nights in one of the little adobe houses 
 which are assigned to guests. The summit 
 of Hot Springs mountain, sixty-five 
 hundred feet, the highest peak in San 
 Diego County, affords a gigantic panorama 
 of green valleys stretching to the blue 
 Pacific on the west and the grim spread of 
 the Colorado desert, reaching to and beyond 
 the Salton sea, on the east. 
 
 To the south of Warner Hot Springs is 
 the little town of Mesa Grande, where 
 Powam (the place of rest) Lodge is marked 
 by the ancient Indian sign of the broken 
 arrow, which, in olden times was left to 
 indicate a stopping place. The ninety-foot 
 
A gift of two citizens— the outdoor pipe organ 
 
 living room with its great stone fireplace, its 
 polished floors of ohia wood brought from 
 the Hawaiian Islands, its screened cabins 
 and cottages, its baths and swimming pool 
 vie in attraction with the ancient Indian 
 dances in season, and the cherry orchards, 
 where, in fruit time, the guests help them- 
 selves. 
 
 Further south is Pine Hills Lodge, where 
 sleeping quarters are built among the trees 
 as well as on the ground and sway in the 
 breezes among the pines. This is a great 
 apple country, the fruit resembling that of 
 western New York and Ohio in its firmness 
 and flavor, but growing as large as the 
 apples of Washington and Oregon. The 
 capital of this apple district is the town of 
 Julian, near Pine Hills, the center also of the 
 gold mining activities of this region. From 
 these mines and claims, some of which are 
 now in operation, millions of dollars in gold 
 ore have been taken out. Near Pine Hills 
 is also a wonderful view of the Imperial 
 
 Valley, and the road running south curves 
 around Cuyamaca lake, one of the city's 
 great reservoirs sheltered among the moun- 
 tain peaks. Still to the south the road runs 
 between mountain ranges along meadows 
 where vaqueros herd stock among the 
 rippling brooks. 
 
 Close to the village of Descanso is Hul- 
 burd Grove, an estate of 1800 acres devoted 
 entirely to the recreation of the public, and 
 including a superb live oak grove with 
 other forests of mountain oak and pine, and 
 clumps of manzanitas. Across this land for 
 nearly two miles flows the Sweetwater river, 
 with many delightful paths and trails, and 
 one may ride all day over such trails without 
 leaving the ranch. Here, as in most of the 
 resorts, a central building with great fire- 
 places, is surrounded by one or two-room 
 cottages and tents. Horseback rides, and 
 camping trips are specialties here, with the 
 keen pleasure of exploring miles of mountain 
 trails, making camp, frying bacon, cooking 
 
San Diego's threshold, for those who come by rail 
 
 flapjacks and coffee over an open fire, and 
 sleeping on beds of leaves beneath the stars. 
 Notable among such trips are those into the 
 Cuyamaca and Laguna mountains, the 
 latter in the Cleveland National Forest, and 
 on the rim of Imperial Valley. The wild 
 lilac, the manzanita and a multitude of 
 flowering shrubs and plants transform the 
 mountains in the springtime and fill the air 
 with fragrance. Camping and picnic grounds 
 for motorists, with convenient store, are 
 found here. 
 
 Near Descanso also are Oakzanita, a 
 mountain resort; Ellis' ranch, famous for 
 its cuisine; Buckman Springs with its 
 palatable mineral waters, Campo and 
 Warren's ranch, near the Mexican line, and 
 on the way to Imperial Valley. East of 
 Warren's ranch is Jacumba, where sixteen 
 hot and cold springs are surrounded by 
 cottages and resorts, and where a new, big 
 resort is being built. 
 
 Nearer town are the Willows, Alpine and 
 Flinn Springs. These resorts are great favor- 
 ites among San Diegans, with their Sunday 
 chicken dinners all the year around. 
 
 Mountains, valleys, creeks and streams, 
 fishing and hunting, brilliant days and cool 
 nights, and the altitudes, varying from sea 
 level to six thousand feet, afford recreation 
 places in every climate from the semi- 
 tropical to the north temperate zones. 
 
 There are also scores of small towns and 
 villages, many of which have their own 
 fiestas, such as Grape Day at Escondido, 
 where from the abundance of the Escondido 
 and San Pasqual valleys all guests are made 
 welcome to as much as they can carry away 
 of the fruit of the vineyards. 
 
 Rich in natural advantages, the city has 
 no greater glory than her public school 
 system, reaching from kindergarten to the 
 third year of college work, with college 
 credits fully accepted in the University of 
 
Carrito Gorge, — on the San Diego and Arizona Railway 
 
 California, and institutions of similar stand- 
 ing. 
 
 The student entering the San Diego 
 schools at any time does so without the 
 disadvantage frequently felt in changing 
 from one city to another. Every school 
 building of size has assigned to it three 
 coaching teachers, with no other duties than 
 to assist children in adjusting themselves 
 quickly in courses and surroundings which 
 may not be entirely familiar to them. These 
 instructors are always free to devote their 
 entire time to counselling students, thus 
 overcoming what sometimes has been felt 
 to be a defect in public as against private 
 classes. 
 
 In each of the larger buildings, also, one 
 of the men teachers is chosen for his especial 
 ability in games and recreations, and is 
 given time to specialize in them, and to 
 develop the interest and enthusiasm of all 
 the students. The purpose here is to 
 attract general interest in healthful out- 
 
 door activities rather than to develop cham- 
 pions. 
 
 The university work affords the advan- 
 tages of university training and of residence 
 at home. It is part of the famous Junior 
 College system of the California public 
 schools, and it has been developed here to a 
 greater degree than anywhere else, carrying 
 students forward to the beginning of the 
 junior year in college. 
 
 In the kindergarten there is one certified 
 instructor for every twenty-five youngsters. 
 
 The recognized standing of the schools 
 rests upon the exceptional personnel of 
 faculty and instructors from kindergarten to 
 Junior College, and equally upon the build- 
 ings and facilities. 
 
 The open-air type of school building 
 reaches its perfect development here because 
 it can be used the year "round, and the San 
 Diego type was awarded first prize in a 
 State architectural competition where more 
 than 400 plans were submitted. The usual 
 
High School and Junior College Group. 
 
 modern type of two-story grade school also 
 is found, and in all buildings the equipment 
 and facilities are exceptional. Manual 
 training, including wood work and some 
 machine work, is given in the grade schools, 
 which also are well equipped with domestic 
 science laboratories. Facilities for courses 
 in science and technology are excellent, 
 both in the grade and high schools, and 
 these departments have developed rapidly 
 in addition to the regular academic courses. 
 
 The psychological laboratories of the 
 schools are conceded to be more complete 
 than those of the largest cities in the coun- 
 try. Two highly trained psychologists give 
 their entire time to the consideration of the 
 mental development and adaptability of all 
 students, and thus, while no child is crowded 
 beyond his capacity, every student has full 
 opportunity to progress. 
 
 The well-being of all students is clearly 
 understood to include their physical comfort, 
 and so, in addition to the many athletic 
 
 diversions, the high school .and some of the 
 grade schools maintain their own cafeterias, 
 where a good luncheon of soup and sand- 
 wiches may be had for ten cents. These 
 cafeterias are maintained in co-operation 
 with the Parent-Teacher Association, which 
 furnishes the dishes and supervises the 
 purchases and management. Even in the 
 kindergarten, the morning's instruction is 
 interrupted by a glass of milk for every 
 child that wants it. The advice of a school 
 physician is available without cost to any 
 child requiring medical attention, and a 
 school dentist, in necessary cases, remedies 
 defective teeth. Six nurses also are employed. 
 San Diego's public schools were among 
 the first to take advantage of the so-called 
 Smith-Hughes act, under which special 
 provision is made, with the assistance of the 
 federal government, for the instruction of 
 adults in dressmaking, cooking, and plain 
 sewing, and these classes have large enroll- 
 ments. Under this act, if twelve persons 
 
Photographed December 12, 1919— a grade school 
 
 agree to take any subject, not already on 
 the school's schedule, a class will be formed 
 and competent instructors provided, and if 
 it is impossible for the pupils to attend the 
 school, the class work will be brought to the 
 group. 
 
 As elsewhere in the state, all books are 
 free to all students, and an excellent 
 reference library is maintained at the high 
 school. The enrollment, teaching force and 
 investments in the public schools are as 
 follows : 
 
 State Instruc- 
 Enrollmcnt tors 
 
 Annual 
 Maintenance 
 
 Junior College 125 
 
 S. D. High and 
 
 Evening School. 5457 
 Elementary Sch'ls 9106 
 
 Kindergartens 1429 
 
 Principals and 
 
 supervisors 
 
 143 $213,580.00 
 
 258 
 30 
 
 47 
 
 360,277.00 
 35,349.00 
 
 Totals. 
 
 16,117 478 $609,206.00 
 
 Valuation of school property : 
 
 Land $ 524,440.00 
 
 Buildings 1,301,951.00 
 
 Equipment 83,665.00 
 
 Total $1,910,056.00 
 
 A normal school with buildings and 
 equipment valued at a quarter of a million 
 dollars runs on an all-year calendar of four 
 quarters, twelve weeks each, because of the 
 remarkably cool and even climate, and 
 emphasizes physical as well as cultural 
 training. 
 
 In addition to the public schools, there 
 are a number of private schools of excep- 
 tional excellence, the largest being the 
 Bishop's School for girls at La Jolla, twelve 
 miles from downtown, and overlooking the 
 sea. 
 
 For boys there is the San Diego Army and 
 Navy academy at Pacific Beach, within the 
 city limits; and in the city also are the 
 
All this shrubbery and foliage grew in two years 
 
 Francis Parker school and the Academy of 
 Our Lady of Peace. 
 
 In San Diego, as elsewhere, the shopping 
 district is a sure index to the taste and 
 character of its residents, because merchants 
 carry in stock what men and women want 
 to buy. So window and display counter 
 mirror back faithfully the preference of the 
 purchasing public and the picture here is an 
 attractive one, with smart retail establish- 
 ments clustered in the downtown shopping 
 section. 
 
 The prominence of out-of-door garb, 
 sports costumes, light wraps for evening 
 wear, ginghams and similar fabrics, is an 
 indication of the exceptional extent to which 
 out-of-door life is enjoyed here. 
 
 The service is that which always follows 
 the patronage of a prosperous and educated 
 clientele, with the additional advantage 
 that women employes never work more than 
 eight hours in any day, and so undertake 
 their duties free from worry or fatigue. 
 
 Shops of silversmiths and jewelers are 
 notable, including one devoted exclusively 
 to the display of gems found in San Diego 
 county, and it is unnecessary for anyone to 
 stock up in clothing or furnishings before 
 starting for San Diego. Whatever is wanted 
 is to be found in the shopping district. 
 
 Exceptional hotel and apartment house 
 accommodations in San Diego arise from 
 exceptional conditions. Always a hospitable 
 city, the facilities for entertainment of the 
 thousands who come annually to spend 
 either the winter or the summer, were 
 augmented to provide for the millions who 
 attended the Panama California Exposition 
 of 1915 and 1916. So it came that, in 
 addition to splendid hostelries whose ball 
 rooms and porches are as familiar to world 
 travelers as those of Shepard's hotel at 
 Cairo or the Grand at Yokohama, visitors 
 and residents enjoy unusual opportunities 
 for selection among a large number of other 
 thoroughly modern establishments. 
 
"Shade trees'' are primarily decorative, because it's cool in summer 
 
 Department stores, hotels and office 
 buildings, all are refreshingly free from the 
 dinge and grime which comes from unclean 
 air. Many of them are white, and with 
 the broad streets, the palm bordered plaza 
 with its illuminated fountain, and the blue 
 bay sparkling at the foot of nearly every 
 thoroughfare, the downtown district is a 
 model for city builders, and a daily inspir- 
 ation to business men and shoppers. 
 
 The ten banks and trust companies of the 
 city, ably and conservatively managed, with 
 a capital of more than three million dollars 
 and deposits of nearly thirty millions, bul- 
 wark and support many developing enter- 
 prises. Their radius of activity is not 
 limited even by increasing commerce of the 
 city proper and its oceanic connections, but 
 reaches a hundred and fifty miles to the 
 east with branch banks lending vigorous 
 support to the development of the Imperial 
 Valley. 
 
 About one hundred religious congrega- 
 tions representing all of the denominations 
 ordinarily found in a city of considerable 
 size are located in various parts of the city, 
 with about fifteen thousand members. The 
 church structures are modern and attractive 
 and the wholesome influence of church 
 life is felt throughout the community. 
 
 In her theatres, San Diego is spared the 
 misfortune of being either a producing 
 center, or a city where hopeful playwrights 
 try out their productions. Established suc- 
 cesses of the most satisfactory sort fill the 
 bills of the city's theatres. Actors and 
 musicians of national and international 
 fame follow one another through the season. 
 In addition there is an exceptionally able 
 and versatile stock company and a plentiful 
 supply of motion picture houses where the 
 best productions are seen. The theatre 
 buildings are particularly good. In one of 
 them the illumination of the entire lobby — 
 nearly as large as the theater itself — is by 
 
A mid-winter visit to the neighbors 
 
 lights gleaming through the onyx panels of 
 the walls; and accommodations in all are 
 satisfactory. 
 
 Both the cultural and business activities 
 of the city function extensively through the 
 public library, and it is for this reason that, 
 according to statistics, assembled for the 
 year 1918, the circulation of public library 
 books in San Diego was the second largest 
 per inhabitant, among thirty representative 
 cities, and is approximately that of a usual 
 city of more than two hundred thousand 
 inhabitants. Particular attention has been 
 given to the development of this library 
 along the lines adapted especially to the 
 needs of the community, and its exceptional 
 collections of historical and romantic infor- 
 mation are on a par with its fund of business 
 information and its supply of modern litera- 
 ture. 
 
 To the thoroughly modern attractions and 
 advantages of the city are added the wistful 
 and alluring interests and memorials of days 
 
 gone by. Nestling under, a hill crowned 
 with modern residences, and close to a 
 stream of motor traffic along a main high- 
 way, stands a cross to mark the location 
 of the first Spanish fort, where cactus walls 
 kept out the Indians, and where the first 
 mission services were held. This is Old 
 Town, the site of the original city of San 
 Diego, — the Plymouth Rock of the Pacific 
 Coast. Close to the cross stand two tall 
 palms, said to have been planted by Father 
 Junipero Serra, the indefatigable Franciscan 
 who founded here the first of the California 
 Missions. 
 
 From this beginning sprang a chain of 
 missions extending hundreds of miles along 
 the coast and founded either by Father 
 Serra himself or his devoted co-workers. 
 Each mission came to be the fountain of 
 material as well as spiritual comfort for all 
 the surrounding territory. Thus, the 
 Mission of San Luis Rey de Francia in 
 1834 held property valued at more than two 
 
The foliage is always just like this 
 
 hundred thousand dollars, including about 
 twenty-five thousand head of cattle and a 
 like number of sheep. 
 
 From these missions largely came the 
 supply of hides that Yankee ships carried 
 around Cape Horn to be made into shoes at 
 Boston, a commerce familiar to all readers of 
 Dana's "Two Years Before the Mast." 
 
 The Missions were centers of hospitality 
 and every traveler was made welcome. 
 It is generally conceded that the Indian 
 neophytes reached a higher stage of civiliz- 
 ation and comfort under the direction of the 
 Fathers than they ever knew before that 
 time. The Mission San Diego was the 
 scene of the first martyrdom in California. 
 Here Father Luis Juame was beaten down in 
 an uprising created, according to some 
 authorities, by the unwise acts of the soldiers 
 of the fort. The story told to all visitors 
 by the aged caretaker at Mission San Diego 
 is of itself a narrative convincing in its 
 art ICMMM 
 
 Near the cross and palms on the site'of 
 the first fort is a finely preserved type of 
 ancient Spanish hacienda, known as 
 Ramona's Marriage Place, with a patio, 
 luxuriant with flowers, an ancient oven, a 
 wishing well and many rooms stored with 
 authentic relics of the early days. An 
 American flag waves in front, from a staff 
 planted where John C. Fremont in 
 1846 raised the first American flag in 
 Southern California, and nearby a sturdy 
 adobe building bears a tablet showing that 
 it was American headquarters during the 
 Mexican war. 
 
 San Diego has always been a favorite 
 station with officers and men of the army 
 and navy, but it remained for the sure tests 
 of war emergencies to demonstrate fully its 
 superior advantages. General after general, 
 commanding at Camp Kearny, from which 
 more than fifty thousand men were sent 
 overseas, reported officially that because of 
 climatic conditions and wholesome sur- 
 
Scores of Churches with a welcome 
 
 roundings the efficiency records of men and 
 commands stationed here were above those 
 of any other camp; and the government, 
 acting upon these repeated reports, has 
 entered upon a program of shore construc- 
 tion for the army and navy requiring more 
 than twenty million dollars for its com- 
 pletion, and has stationed here one hundred 
 and sixty warships of the Pacific fleet with 
 their complement of twelve thousand men. 
 
 With every branch of war service repre- 
 sented, it is a conspicuous tribute to the 
 even temperature and continual sunshine 
 that both the army and navy have estab- 
 lished here their air service headquarters and 
 training schools. 
 
 The navy air service station on North 
 Island is and will be the largest in the 
 country and the permanent buildings 
 already planned for its accommodations are 
 to cost in the neighborhood of six million 
 dollars. Every day in the year is flying 
 day at San Diego and it is the home station 
 
 for the Mexican border patrol. In addition 
 to Rockwell field, the army air service 
 station at North Island, two other fields are 
 available and were in active use through the 
 war. 
 
 There are also here the naval fuel base, 
 the marine training station, accommodating 
 a brigade, two radio stations, a marine 
 railway and rifle range. Sites for a naval 
 hospital to cost one million dollars and for 
 the largest naval training station on the 
 Pacific coast have been tendered by the city 
 and citizens of San Diego, and accepted by 
 the government. 
 
 The city's commercial field, reaching 
 clear across the Pacific, has been tremen- 
 dously enlarged by the opening of the San 
 Diego and Arizona Railway. The cotton 
 lands of Arizona and the Imperial Valley, 
 amounting in 1920 to more than two hun- 
 dred and fifty thousand acres, in addition to 
 all cotton raised in the northern portion of 
 the Mexican province of Lower California, 
 
Sunny avenues, and stately buildings,— Balboa Park 
 
 now have direct access to the ocean at San 
 Diego, and this is true also of other produce 
 and cattle, and the minerals of Arizona. 
 
 The gross revenue from Arizona and 
 Imperial Valley cotton in 1919 was fifty 
 million dollars, and imports from Mexico 
 amounted to fifteen million dollars addi- 
 tional. The yield in the Imperial Valley is 
 the richest reported anywhere by the United 
 States Department of Agriculture, reaching 
 in places between three-quarters to one 
 bale per acre. The boll weavil is unknown. 
 To see five million dollars" worth of cotton 
 on the loading platforms at Calexico is not 
 uncommon, and it is now possible with only 
 a short haul to manufacture this cotton for 
 export at the water's edge. The great 
 cotton fields of Texas are scarcely more 
 distant from San Diego than from Galves- 
 ton. 
 
 The Valley, formerly a part of San Diego 
 county, is the richest farm land in the 
 
 world, and its crops know no seasons. 
 January is an exceptionally busy time for 
 the Imperial Valley farmer, and so is nearly 
 every other month. The soil is silt washed 
 down during uncounted ages by the Colo- 
 rado river, and is hundreds of feet deep in 
 places. From a district of six thousand 
 acres, irrigated by water from the Colorado 
 river in June, 1901, the cultivated portion 
 of the valley has leaped to 525,000 acres, 
 on which nearly everything grows in 
 astonishing abundance, and ripens earlier 
 than almost anywhere else. 
 
 The whole valley is a riot of unbelievable 
 productivity throughout the year. Its can- 
 taloupes go out by the trainload, as fast as 
 cars can be provided. The crop in 1919 was 
 sold for $9,275,000 and filled seven thousand 
 eight hundred railroad cars. Shipments of 
 these cantaloupes brought a premium at 
 Atlanta. Georgia, the heart of the southern 
 cantaloupe district. 
 
Formal Gardens— Balboa Park 
 
 Twenty-five thousand acres given over to 
 vineyards produce a maximum of seven 
 tons of grapes per acre under careful culti- 
 vation, bringing one hundred and twenty 
 dollars a ton. The daily output of milk is 
 four hundred thousand pounds, and five 
 million pounds of butter are produced 
 annually in the valley. Honey, dates, 
 broom corn, turkeys, sheep growing, beef 
 cattle fattened on milo maize, corn and 
 grasses, and swine, are other products of the 
 valley, and, curiously enough, this valley 
 with its hot days and nights, now and then 
 ships a surplus of ice to Wyoming from the 
 great ice and refrigerating plant at Brawley. 
 In the Salton sea, which lies 280 feet below 
 sea level, and which was created by an over- 
 flow of the Colorado river, mullet abound, 
 and some are shipped out to seaports. 
 
 There is no more prosperous region in the 
 world. On an average two carloads of 
 automobiles were shipped into the valley 
 every week last year. 
 
 For the products of the Valley the San 
 Diego and Arizona Railway provides 
 a new and much shorter outlet to the 
 Pacific Coast. The railroad, itself, is one 
 of the engineering marvels of the continent, 
 built up through Carriso gorge, a stupen- 
 dous canyon where Nature never meant a 
 railroad to go, and thus affording travelers 
 a trip memorable for its scenic majesty. 
 
 It leads twice into Lower California, 
 that always peaceful portion of Old Mexico, 
 and runs directly across the Imperial Valley, 
 connecting with the Southern Pacific and 
 Rock Island to complete the transcontinental 
 belt. 
 
 The story of the construction of this road 
 is as interesting as the country it traverses, 
 and the development which it provides. 
 Undertaken in 1906 by John D. Spreckels, 
 a capitalist, at the instance of Southern 
 Pacific officials, construction was dropped 
 by that road upon the death of E. H. Harri- 
 
The Rose Garden at Balboa Park 
 
 man, and thereafter Spreckels went ahead 
 using his own money. 
 
 Eventually a change in Southern Pacific 
 management again made co-operative enter- 
 prise possible and the road was completed 
 on a basis of half and half ownership, being 
 formally opened to traffic December 1 , 1919. 
 
 Always the nearest United States port to 
 the Great Circle route from the Panama 
 Canal to the Orient, the bay of San Diego 
 is the natural focus for the Oriental export 
 trade of the Middle West. 
 
 Its harbor accommodations, more than 
 adequate for the necessities of this com- 
 manding position, furnish scenes of unending 
 interest and commercial importance, like 
 the great log rafts, each containing five 
 million feet of lumber, which are floated 
 down from Puget Sound, here to be sawed 
 into timbers and planking. The fishing 
 industry, starting with a capital of $10,000 
 and no boats in 1911, now represents an 
 investment of $1,500,000, with boats valued 
 
 at $750,000, and with its canneries, employs 
 thousands ashore and afloat. 
 
 To say that the bay has an area of twenty- 
 two square miles tells, perhaps, less about it 
 than the terse phrase of Admiral Hugh 
 Rodman, commanding the Pacific fleet, who 
 brought in a string of the world's largest 
 dreadnaughts without pilots on their first 
 visit. "I could have brought them in side- 
 wise", was the admiral's way of putting it. 
 
 On almost any day, from the entrance of 
 the bay, the line of gray warriors reaches 
 clear to the horizon, with dozens of des- 
 troyers and other smaller craft snugly 
 packed along the piers, or steaming out to 
 sea for drills and gun practice on the 
 maneuver grounds of the fleet. 
 
 A deepwater anchorage of 1,500 feet wide 
 by five miles long, a channel seventy-nine 
 feet deep in places at the entrance, thirty- 
 eight feet of water over the bar, and a 
 freedom from high winds and inclement 
 weather, all are found here. 
 
The Voice of the Sea 
 
 Its great natural attraction as one of the 
 most beautiful harbors in the world is 
 steadily increasing because of the splendid 
 types of government buildings already 
 erected, and to be erected. These were 
 especially designed by the architect of the 
 Panama California Exposition. 
 
 Frontage still available for private use 
 confirms the harbor's preeminence among 
 Pacific ports, not only for export, manu- 
 facture, and trade, but as a free port, and 
 in this respect its close connection with the 
 
 East also is a factor of importance. 
 
 * * * 
 
 Confident in the opportunities of the 
 future, citizens of San Diego, California, are 
 proud of their city because of what it already 
 possesses. 
 
 For the man, woman or family whose 
 industry and ability has provided even a 
 moderate competence, the blue Pacific, the 
 sparkling bay, the mountains, the valleys, 
 the continual sunshine, the distinctly metro- 
 politan tone of its business life, the variety 
 
 /of its diversions and the remarkably few 
 I days on which they may not be enj oyed out- 
 of-doors, all help to make the city an espe- 
 cially desirable place to live. 
 
 Its advantages include the "necessaries, 
 conveniences and amusements of human 
 life", which the great economist declared 
 are the things that really make people rich, 
 and these may be enjoyed here in greater 
 abundance than elsewhere and at less ex- 
 pense. 
 
 Year in, year out, life in San Diego is 
 never the same but always delightful. 
 
 You will live more here than elsewhere 
 because there are more opportunities, and 
 because there are more pleasant days in 
 which these opportunities may be enjoyed. 
 
 Free from climatic stresses, surrounded 
 by flowers and foliage, gathering roses in 
 January as in June, and rich in all the 
 beauties of mountain and sea, with its 
 steady current of vigorous business, social 
 and recreational life, this is the ideal city 
 for your permanent home. 
 
5ai>PL e 5° 
 
 California Club