UC-NRLF DS ^^uapan-u $B EEE ISS na War The Fall of Wei-hai-wei Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from IViicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/fallofweihaiweiOOinourich TWO DAMAGED GUNS AT THE HWANGTOO-V- ./■I ytfr- i^..„ FORT ON THE N. W. COAST OF WEI-HAI-WEI. THE COMPILED FROM OFFICIAL AND OTHER SOURCES, BY JUKICHI I INOUYE. WITH NUMEROUS COLLOTYPES BY K. OGAAVA KELLY AND WALSH. LIMFfED, YOKOHAMA, HONGKONG, SHANGHAI AND SINGAPORE. em rr CHAfiLU A KOFO/D LIST OF COLLOTYPES. Frontispiece. — Two Guns at the Hwangtoo-yay Fort on the N.W. coast of Weihai-wei. (Second fleet of Japanese Warships and Transports on their way from Talien- ( wan to Yungching Bay. (Landing of the Provisions Tuiin of the Second Division at Lungshwy Bay, I Yungching. IlL— Advance of the Second Army Staff upon Yungcliing. (A portion of the SheUer Trenches on Motienlini(, on the E. coast of Wel-hai- IV.— ] ' . ( wei. V. — The Chaopeitsuy Forts on the E. Coast of Wei-hai-wei. VT (Chinese men-of-war near Yangliea Sea firing upon a portion of the Fifth In- VIL — s fantry Regiment, which is in [jursuit of the Chinese fugitives along the shore V. from Yangheatun toward Weihai-wei. (Attack made by the Forts at Jih Island and the South- Eastern Head of Liu- kung Island and the Chinese men-of-war upon tlie already captured Lukeutsuy Fort, on the E. coast of Wei-hai-wei, and the Japanese Army on land. jY (A portion of the Eminence to the Left of the Tseszetai Forts on the W. coast I of Wei-hai wei. X. — A Rear-view of the Peishantsuy Forts, on the W. coast of Wei-hai-wei. (The Destruction by Shells of the Torpedo-station on Peishantsuy, on the W. I coast of Wei-hei-wei. (The Chinese Men-of-war replying to the attack of the Japanese Siege-guns on a XII. — < Hill to the W. of Peishantsuy, W. of the AV. Entrance to Wei-hai-wei (. Harbour. XIII. — The Signal and Electric-light Towers on Liukung Island. (Lieut. Mano, of the Torpedo-boat No. 9 ; Lieut. Yoshioka, of the No. 21 ; and 1 Lieut. Nakamura, of the No. 10. The Torpedo-boat No. 19. , (Discl.arging a Torpedo. Disturbance of the Surface by the Movement of a I Torpedo through Water. ^ I The great Chinese Warship Ting-yiien, after being destroyed by the Japanese \ Torpedo-boats, off the Southern shore of Liukung Island. (The Chinese Man-of-war Wei-yuen, lying sunk before the Pier at Liukung i Li The Chinese Men-of-war firing in reply to the attack of a portion of the Japan- ese Squadron. The Chinese Men-of-war gathered on the water S.W. of Hwang Island after ;iand. XVIIL— I c A \ ese Squadron XIX.— I ihe sinking of the Ching-yuen. XX. — The Landing of Chinese Prisoners at Wei-hai-wei. M169381 \ iliif (Jiall of lStei=hat=iuef. ^^SCFTER the fall of Port Arthur, the only naval station of any v,^^| importance in North China was the Port of Wei-hai-wei in ^ Shantung Province. In the harbour of this port the remnant of R jf the Chinese Peiyang or Northern Squadron had concealed itself after being repaired at Port Arthur. And when the latter fortress fell into Japanese hands, the fleet was unable to come out as no other harbour in North China could afford it the same shelter as Wei-hai-wei. Accordingly, it lay there in idleness with the two entrances to the harbour defended with booms and mines. The Japanese, being in possession of the Regent's Sword, now absolutely commanded the Yellow Sea ; and to ensure a similar command of the Gulf of Pechili, they could not allow the port of Wei-hai-wei to be thus still occupied by the Chinese, as, while the Chinese fleet lay there however inactive, there was always a possibility of its suddenly sallying forth to attack any Japanese transport fleet in the gulf. In short, until the Peiyang squadron was destroyed, the Japanese could not send transports across that gulf with perfect security toward their ultimate objective, Peking. And it was to facilitate this final expedition that an army was sent to take possession of Wei-hai-wei and destroy the Chinese fleet, in conjunction with the navy. , On the afternoon of the loth January, 1895, over fifty transports left Ujina, the port of Hiroshima, for Talienwan, where they arrived at day- break on the 14th. They carried the Second or Sendai Division and the Eleventh Brigade, of the Sixth or Kumamoto Division, the other Brigade of which had cooperated under Major-General Hasegawa with the First or Tokyo Division under Lieut.-General Yamaji in the capture of Port Arthur. The Second Division was under the command of Lieut.-General Baron Sakuma, and consisted of the Third Brigade under Major-General Yama- guchi and the Fourth under Major-General Prince Fushimi: The Eleventh Brigade was under the command of Major-General Odera, who had been Lieut.-General Yamaji's Chief of Staff during the attack on Port Arthur. Lieut.-General Kuroki also went as Commander of the Sixth Division, THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL though only the Eleventh Brigade, Infantry, and companies of other arms comprised that Division. The whole expedition was commanded by Marshal Count Oyama, who had also organised the attack on Port Arthur. Indeed, the new army was only a portion of the Second Army Corps. By the i6th, the entire army for Wei-hai-wei was ready to ship for Shantung. Meanwhile the Vayeyama which had been sent to reconnoitre the coast returned ; and, on her reporting the result, orders were given for embarkation. The landing was to take place at Yungching Bay, behind Shantung Promontory, the distance to which by ship from Talienwan is about I lo knots. The fifty transports carrying the army were to leave in three batches, the first of 19 vessels on the 19th, the second of 15 vessels on the 20th, and the third of 16 vessels on the 20th. They all arrived on the day following their departure. Marshal Oyama and his staff left with the second fleet. As the Chinese fleet at Wei-hai-wei might at any time come out and attack the transports on the sea, the utmost precaution against such a contin- gency was taken by the Japanese navy. The following were some of the instructions given by Vice-Admiral Ito to the squadrons : — The combined squadrons shall, with the whole torpedo flotilla and the coal-ships and despatch-boats, convoy the transports from Talienwan so as to arrive at Lungshwy Bay at six on the following morning. On meeting with the Chinese squadron on the way, the Main and the First Flying Squadrons and the torpedo flotillas shall attack it, leaving the Third Flying Squadron only to convoy the transports. On reaching Lungshwy Bay, the Main, the First and Second Flying Squadrons, and the torpedo flotilla shall advance to Wei-hai-wei and hold the Chinese squadron, in check, to prevent its attacking the transports. At night, the Main and First Squadrons shall remain off Shantung Promontory to guard against the escape of the Chinese fleet out of the gulf, while the rest shall keep watch over the transports. Two torpedo flotillas shall at night watch Wei-hai-wei Harbour and a third at the landing-place, the former to report any disposition of the enemy to leave the harbour and the latter to guard against torpedo-attacks at night. In daytime they shall take rest except in case of emergency. From the day succeeding the landing of tiie troops until the attack is made, all the squadrons shall be on the alert, sending out every day two men-of-war to Wei-hai-wei, Before the troops embark for Shantung, the First Flying Squadron shall cruise to Tangcho\v and THE FALL OF WEl-HAI-WEI. attack it at discretion and return without fail to the Main Squadron about the time when the latter shall reach Shantung Promontory. The object of this manoeuvre is partly to make sure that there have not been fresh despatches of troops to this important position, and partly, as a ruse to facilitate the landing of the Japanese troops at Yungching Bay, that is, to hold the Chinse in check and make them concentrate their forces at Wei-hai-wei, so that they may not attack the Japanese at that bay. The Third Plying Squadron shall also, during the landing of the troops, attack Tangchow if an opportunity offer. In accordance with these instructions, the First Flying Squadron visited Tangchow on the i8th, and by the terror it caused thereby at that port, succeeded in its object of diverting the attention of the Chinese from Yungching Bay. When the first fleet of transports arrived at Yungching Bay on the morning of the 20th, the Yayeyama, which had preceded it, fired upon the shore and discovered from a conflagration caused thereby that there were houses not far from the shore. Immediately three boats were sent out by the Yayeyama, Atago, and Maya, with the object of cutting the telegraph line ; but as they approached land, the Chinese began to fire upon them from behind trees. The boats replied with their machine-guns, but finding that their enemy had a decided advantage over them, they returned to their ships. 1 he Vayeyama then fired again upon the shore and succeeded in dispersing about 300 Chinese there. A boat was once more sent out, and the telegraph line was successsfully cut. The Chinese, however, had already wired the arrival of the Japanese to Wei-hai wei and elsewhere. Not a Japanese was wounded in any of the boats. The transports approached the shore, and the debarkation commenced though it was snowing. The locality where the landing took place was Lungshwy- tao, in Yungching, immediately to the south of Shantung Promontory. It consists of eight hamlets, of which the nearest to the sea is Seaousichwang and the next is Tasichwang. The Chinese, taking up their position in Seaousichwang, on the road between Yungching town and the lighthouse on Shantung Promontory, had constructed rude ramparts, miles in length, around their camps, while their guns were set near Lofungkow, slightly to the west of the landing-place. When the marines from the Vayeyama landed, they captured four guns and one rifle. By I p.m., all the troops had landed. They were a portion of the THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEI. Second Division. The Fourth Regiment immediately advanced upon Yungching, 7j^ miles from the Bay, while the staff of the Second Division put up that night at Maheachin, 2^^ miles from the shore, and entered Yungching on the following day. There were garrisoned at Yungching 2,000 men, but when the advance-guard arrived there on the 20th, they found only about 50 horsemen, who were easily dispersed with a loss of one Chinese. On a Japanese company being sent out in advance from Yungching, they were met by 500 Chinese foot-soldiers and over 50 horse, who, however, were routed and pursued for over a mile with a loss of five or six Chinese. The Japanese did not lose a single man. At Yungching, two flags, forty rifles, and over 72,500 cartridges were found. Yungching is only '^'] miles from Wei-hai-wei by land, though by sea the distance is nearly double. The roads between Shantung Promontory and Wei-hai-wei had been very carefully examined by Lieut. Fumiaki Seki, of the Japanese Navy, who perished in a shipwreck in Corean waters in 1892. His reports and journals on the topography of the district were now of material use to the army. Before sending out an expedition to Shantung Province, every means was taken by the Staff Office to ascertain the strength of the Chinese forces at Wei-hai-wei and its neighbourhood ; and it was found that the garrison at Wei-hai-wei was 6,000 strong, while there were 2,000 at Chefoo. The troops at Tang- chow, Keauchow, and other strongholds, whence they could be sent to Wei-hai-wei within a fortnight, were not more than 7,000. Even if all these forces could be concentrated at Wei-hai-wei, which was very doubtful, they could not exceed 15,000. And upon that basis, it was deemed that a Division and a Brigade would be numerically stronger than any force that could oppose them at the great Chinese naval station and its immediate neighbourhood. Thus it was that the expeditionary force was made of that strength. The town of Yungching was made its base of operations. For the sake of convenience, we shall take the operations of die army and the navy separately, though they cooperated with, and supported each other with admirable unanimity and precision. By the 25 th, the entire army had arrived at Yungching, and the depots of supplies were in complete order. On the same day. Marshal Oyama and his staff also reached the town. At noon on that day, the following orders were issued : — " The enemy at the place of debarkation and die environs of Yungching, THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEI. about 1,500 strong^, have retreated westward ; but there are still large forces at Kushanheu and Kcautowtsae. The army will, in accordance with previous orders, advance towards Wei-hai-wei on the 26th. "The Right Column, on reaching Paouhea, shall halt there, make recon- naissances, and open communication with the navy. "The Left Column, on reaching Changhea-kowtse, shall also reconnoitre and maintain a constant communication with the Right Column. The detachment remaining at Keautowtsae shall send out reconnoitring parties to keep an uninterrupted watch in the direction of Ninghai and Wantang. "It is intended that the Staff Headquarters shall advance on the 27th to the village of Fowliu, and on the 28th to Keautowtsae. " The advance guards of the two Columns are to advance in the following manner : — Right Column. Left Column. 26Lh Keukeli village (Between Cliangkehcliwang and Tsitowmeen). Kunghea village. 27th Sliili liea-lio Keautowtsae. 28tli Paouliea Cliangliea-kowtse. "The Right Column shall be commanded by Lieut.-General Kuroki, Commander of the Sixth Division, and the Left Column by Lieut.-General Sakuma, Commander of the Second Division." On the 26th, therefore, the two Columns left Yungching and advanced in the direction of Pohchihyaisu by two roads, one running slightly south of the other. To provide against rear attacks, a detachment was set at San- tungkow, south of Yungching, to intercept any reinforcements that might approach from the Keauchow Road. On careful enquiry, the Staff Head- quarters discovered that no reinforcements had been sent to Wei-hai-wei except three companies (1,500 men) which had been newly recruited, and another which was still on its way thither. The two Columns reached their appointed positions on the 29th without any encounter except the rout of the Chinese at Keautowtsae towards Wantang by the Left Column. Thus, on the 29th, the Right Column was encamped at Paouhea and its eastern extremity, while a picket line was formed thence to the shore. The latter were not far from the Chinese who had thrown up shelter trenches from a hill north of Kushanheu, along Motienling, to Pohchihyaisu. From the ramparts near Seayheasu, where large-calibre guns had been set, electric lights were lit and the outposts were fired upon. The Left Column was encamped on the same day to the south-east of Tseenting-tsechae. The Chinese attacked the outposts, but were repulsed. THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL There were no trenches in these parts, and the Chinese sought refuge among the hills. The Staff Headquarters were stationed at IMengheachwang. The Chinese who fled from Keautowtsae towards Wantang were believed to have gone by that city to Chefoo. Being now in close proximity to the Chinese forts, the following orders for the attack were given at 9.0 p.m. on the 29th, by Marshal Oyama at M engh each wan g. " The enemy occupying the hill to the south-west of Pohchihyaisu, the army shall to-morrow take possession of the hill to the south-east of Funglintsae, " Our Squadrons are expected to attack the forts about Pohchihyaisu. " The Right Column shall communicate with the Left Column before daybreak to-morrow and consult with regard to the attack. It shall leave a detachment to cope with the enemy in front. " The Left Column shall attack the enemy before daybreak to-morrow and take possession of the hill to the south-east of Funglintsae. "The Left Column shall set corps to guard the roads to Ninghai and Wantang ; especially, the former road shall be carefully watched. The Column^'shall also send two Infantry battalions and half a sub company of Cavalry for the Commander-in-chief's special direction to the south-east of Wantseentang by 6 o'clock to-morrow morning, by which time he will be at that place." On receiving these orders, Lieut-General Kuroki, Commander of the Sixth Division, or the Right Column, gave immediate orders for the advance of his Column at two o'clock on the following morning. The Column was subdivided into three smaller bodies, namely :— (i) The Right Wing, consisting of the First Battalion of the Thirteenth Infantry Regiment, and a sub-company each of Mountain Artillery and Engineers, under Major Watanabe. (2) The Left Wing, consisting of two battalions of the Thirteenth Regi- ment and the First Battalion of the Twenty-third Regiment, Infantry, a sub-company of Cavalry, a Battalion (less a sub-company) of Mountain Artillery, a company of Engineers, and half an Ambulance Corps, under Major-General Odera. (3) The Reserve, consisting of two battalions of the Twenty-thud Infantiy Regiment, and smaller bodies of other arms. The duty of the Column being to take possession of the hill occupied by THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL the Chinese on the north-east of Kushanheu, the Right Wing was to attack the enemy's front forts, and keeping them in check, to guard the right flank of the Division, while the Left Wing was to muster on a hill to the east of Liuheachwang and attack the hill to the north-east of Kushanheu, The Left Wing left its encampment at the appointed time, and arrived before Motienling, the highest summit in the range of hills about Kushan- heu, and surrounded by well-situated forts. The attack commenced at 7.30 a.m. After a sharp encounter, during which the Chinese resisted stoutly, the hill was taken by the larger part of the Wing charging up from the rear, while a small body kept up a show of fight in front. The Japanese Mountain Artillery Train immediately occupied the forts and commenced to fire upon the other forts. The coast defence forts then turned all their guns landward upon Motienling and fired upon it with great energy. They were aided by the C/ien-yuen, Ting-yuen, and the other Chinese warships in harbour. These forts were those of Lungmeaoutsuy, Lukeutsuy, and Chaopeitsuy on the coast, and the land defences of Seayheasu and Yungfungling. There was a long and exciting artillery duel. The landward forts were defended with abaitis and mines, the latter of which, however, were easily avoided as the connecting wires were visible on the ground. A battalion was sent to cut off the retreat to Wei-hai-wei ; and when the Chinese saw that the road was occupied by the Japanese, their courage failed them. Two companies, on seeing this effect, charged up the Lung- meaoutsuy fort and carried it without any difficulty. The neighbouring fort at Lukeutsuy also fell shortly after. Next, the Right Wing successfully stormed the landward fort at Yungfungling. And there now remained at Pohchihyaisu only the forts at Seayheasu and Chaopeitsuy. But these could not long hold out, for the forts on the south, and between them and Wei-hai- wei were now in Japanese hands. The only open sides were exposed to the sea. Still, however, they offered stout resistance. At the fort of Lungmeaoutsuy, which was already captured, there were a torpedo-station and a pier, which made a very convenient landing-place. The Chinese men-of-war showed a disposition to come alongside the pier, and to prevent the approach of such formidable foes, four prisoners were made to fire the guns on the fort upon these warships, which were evidently confused by this sudden attack, for they soon put about and steamed back. A prisoner and a Japanese sergeant were wounded. THE FALL OF WELHALWEL The Japanese Artillery Corps turned the captured guns on the mountain forts upon the two remaining Chinese forts. That at Seayheasu caught fire, leaving only the Chaopeitsuy fort intact. The heaviest of the enemy's fire came from Jih-tao, a small island between Liukung Island and the shore, which was provided with disappearing guns. From that island booms each of strong steel hawsers ran to the shore and to Liukung Island. The pickets reported that 300 Chinese marines had landed. A Japanese battalion attacked them. In the meanwhile, the garrison at Chaopeitsuy set fire to that fort and destroying it, left it to join the marines. As these passed under the fort at Lungmeaoutsuy, they were assailed by two companies. Both these and the marines were closely pressed at the edge of a precipice, and most of them were shot or died by falling into the sea, a few saving themselves by swimming. Thus by i.o p.m , the Sixth Division had gained a complete possession of the forts on the headland south east of Weihaiwei, known as Pohchih- yaisu, though the Chinese warships and the forts on Liukung and Jih Islands fired whenever they saw a group of Japanese troops on sliore. A corps of marines, however, from the Japanese men-ofwar landed and en- tered the Lukeutsuy fort, whence they fired the captured guns upon the Chinese men-of-war, which concentrated their guns upon this fort and succeeded in destroying a 24 cm. Krupp gun. Major-General Odera, Commander of the Eleventh Brigade, was with four or five staff officers on Motienling fort and observing the progress of the battle, when he was struck in the breast by fragments of an exploded shell. He died soon after. The war correspondent of the Mroku S/iimbun, a Tokyo newspaper, who was standing close to the Major-General, was also killed. According to the prisoners' statements, there were in Pohchihyaisu altogether six companies (about 2,500 or 2,600) of Chinese troops under Liu Chaopeih. The Chinese lost, it is believed, over 800 killed or wounded, while the Japanese wounded and killed numbered 115. At 4 p.m., the Sixth Division returned to its encampment, leaving small garrisons in ihe forts and a battalion at Lingheu village, at the eastern foot of Motienling. At 3 p.m. on this day, the 30th, the /\rmy Staff arrived at Wantseuen- tang. The Second Division's quarters were at Funglintsae, Fungheawo, Hooshan, and their vicinity. On the 31st, reconnaissances and other preparations were made for the attack on Wei-hai-wei. The Sixth Division THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEI. remained as before at Kushanheu and Pohchihyaisu, while the Second Division was at Funglintsae, Keuhfow, and Yaykaou, the Army Staff remaining at Wantseuentang. The positions on the ist February were, the Sixth Division at Fungheawo, Hooshan, and Wantseuentang, and the Second Division at Yangtingtsae, Tungyang, and Seuheawo, with the Army Staff at Hooshan. Turning next to the movements of the Second Division, we need not enter into details of its advance up to the 29th. It arrived at Changhea- kowtse at noon on that day ; but hearing there were about 500 Chinese at Wantseuentang, two miles north-west of Changhea-kowtse, it pushed on and after a slight skirmish in which a Japanese was killed and two others were wounded, took possession of the village. On receiving the orders of the Army Headquarters that night, the Division was sub- divided as follows : — The Right Wing, consisting of the Third Brigade (less a battalion), a battalion of Artillery, a sub-company each of Cavalry and Engineers, and half an Ambulance Corps, under Major-General Yamaguchi The Left Wing, consisting of a regiment of the Fourth Brigade (less two companies), a battalion of Artillery (less a company), and two sub-com- panies of Cavalry, under Major General Prince Fushimi. The Reserve, consisting of a battalion each of Infantry and Artillery, a battalion of Engineers (less a sub-company), half a sub-company of Cavalry, and half an ambulance Corps. The Intelligence Corps consisting of a battalion of Infantry and a com- pany of Cavalry. Two battalions of Infantry and half a sub company of Cavalry, at the Army Staff Headquarters. The Left Wing under Prince Fushimi left Wantseuentang for Hooshan at five on the morning of the 30th. It was preceded by a battalion of the Fifth Regiment of the same wing. This battalion was attacked from a hill north of Lwankochwang. It was in great difficulties as the Chinese were in a very advantageous position, but with the help of the Japanese artillery near Lwankochwang, two companies of the battalion succeeded in dis- lodging the Chinese who fled in a north westerly direction, leaving behind four field guns and ammunition. As tvx'o companies, to pursue these Chinese, advanced upon a hill south of Fungheawo, followed by the other two companies of the battalion, they saw a large number of Chinese in flight 10 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL from the neighbourhood of Yangheatun towards the west. Two companies were therefore advanced towards Funglintsae while the other two made for their destination, the former to attack the fugitives on the flank and the latter in front. But the Chinese men-of-war opened fire upon them with such effect that the Japanese had to retire westward to Fungheawo at 9.30 a.m. The battalion lost two men killed and four wounded. Two Chinese dead were afterwards found, but it is not known how many were wounded. Eight Krupp field-guns, three powder-magazines, and ammunition fell into the hands of the battalion. The Right Wing under Major-General Yamaguchi left Wantseuentang at 6 a.m. Repulsing the enemy on the road as it went, past North and South Hookow village, it took possession of the hills east of Funglintsae. As the Sixteenth Regiment advanced from Wanseuentang in a north- westerly direction, Chinese were seen making for Wei-hai-wei between the sea and the range of hills on the coast. An Artillery company of this Regiment took up its position on a hill and began firing upon them at 9.50, aided by three Infantry companies. At 10.30, about 300 Chinese took possession of a hill south-west of Hookow village, and a hundred more were set in front of their artillery, and offered a stubborn resistance. When, however, a Japanese company charged upon them, they fled towards Yangheatun, leaving behind a Krupp mountain gun and ammunition. Three companies were sent in their pursuit and reached Nganpoo, while the company which had dislodged them, cut the connecting wires of the mines before their artillery and went after the enemy as far as Yangheatun, where it took possession of the barracks at II. At 11.30, the Chinese squadron began to fire upon the Japanese on land. A Japanese company which was to the north of Funglintsae met with a severe fusillade of small-arms. The bugler who was ordered to blow his bugle found its mouth covered with ice and could not sound a note ; accordingly an orderly was sent in spite of the enemy's fire to Funglintsae for reinforcement. But the fire from the Chinese men-of-war was so severe and incessant that the Japanese had to retire behind hills near Funglintsae. About 2,000 Chinese had been seen in flight and 700 had offered resistance. About 120 or 130 dead Chinese were afterwards discovered, besides some 30 wounded. The Japanese lost in killed an officer and 38 sub-officers and men, and 50 in wounded. The 31st, as we have said, was spent in making preparations for the THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL 11 attack on Wei-hai-wei, the Second Division being stationed at Funglintsae, Keuhfow, and Yaykaou. On the ist February, the Division advanced to Lutaokow, 1 2 miles south-west of Wei-hai-wei. As it was reported that there was a large Chinese force on the road to Wei-hai-wei, half the Fourth Brigade was sent under Prince Fushimi. There were 2,500 Chinese under Tae Sungkeen disputing the road with four mountain guns on a hill overlooking it. As it was snowing it was almost impossible to dislodge the artillery by storming, and therefore the Japanese set their mountain artillery, also of four guns, upon a hill opposite to the enemy's, and fired so effectively that the Chinese artillery ceased to reply. The Chinese infantry were borne down by a sudden charge. Their four guns and a large quantity of ammunition were captured, while they left behind 35 dead, besides many others who had fallen into ravines. The Japanese losses were five killed, and 35 wounded. On the 2nd, the Second Division followed the F'ourth Brigade and advanced with it to the west side of Wei-hai-wei, routing the enemy on the road ; and took possession of the great Naval Station on the same day. The total Japanese losses on land were as follows : — KILLED. WOUNDED. DIVISION. Officers. Sub-officers Officers. Sub-officers Total loss of und men. and men. each Division. Second 1 46 47 120 120 167 Sixth 2 34 36 8 96 99 135 3 80 83 3 216 219 802 Meanwhile the Japanese Navy had not been idle. After the army had been completely landed on the 25th January, the two days ensuing were spent in taking in coal. On the 29th, it became known that the army would be within five miles of Pochi lyaisu, which was to be attacked on the following day. Preparations were at once made for aiding the forces. The Second Flying Squadron, except the Hiyei, that is, the Fuso, Kongo, and Takao weighed anchor at Yunching Bay on the same day at 5.30 p.m. and kept watch all night off Shantung Promontory. At 2 a.m. on the 30th, the Main Squadron (the Matsushima, Chiyoda, Hashidate, and ItsiikusJiimd) and the First Flying Squadron (the Yoshino, Takachiho, Akitsushima, and Takachihd) left Yunching Bay and arrived off Wei-hai-wei Harbour at 6.30, where it was joined by the three ships of the Second Squadron. The Tturyu, Kaiiiioii, and Auiagl remained at Yunching Bay to guard the 12 THE FALL OF WEl-HAI-WEL landing-place of the army. The First Flying Squadron left the others at 8. 20 to watch the west entrance of Wei-hai-wei Harbour, while the rest remained at 20 miles from the east entrance. At 10, gun reports were heard on land, and the east-coast forts were soon enveloped in smoke. The Japanese men-of-war, Tmkushi, Akagi, Maya, Atago, Musashi, Katsu- ragi, Yamato, and C/iokai, approached the shore to aid the army. The Chinese warships, Ting-yuen, Tsi-yiien, P'mg-yiien, and four or five gun- boats came between Liukung and Jih Islands, and fired upon the Japanese as they advanced upon the forts. On seeing the Tingyuen approach Jih Island, the Yos/imo at once signalled to the flagship that the Chinese ship was leaving by the east entrance, but she stopped at the entrance and did not venture to come out. A magazine was seen to explode on land, and shortly after, at 3, the east-coast forts began to fire upon the Chinese men-of-war. At 2.07 p.m., the Main, the First and Second Flying Squadrons, twelve vessels in all, which had been guarding the entrance of the harbour, formed into a single line headed by the flagship and manoeuvred off the Island of Liukung. The Tsuhcski, followed by the Akagi, Chokai, Maya, and AUigo, left the cover of the forts and approached the harbour entrance, when she was fired upon from both Liukung and Jih Islands, and immediately after, from the Chinese warships. The TsukusJd and the four others, finding the fire too hot, went out to sea and advanced towards die west entrance. The torpedo-boats were all this time floating between the east entrance and Keming Island, where dieir depot-ships, Omi-maric and Yamashiro-maru, were anchored. On receiving a report of the fall of Pohchihyaisu, Admiral Ito ordered the Second Flying Squadron to attack Jih Island. The squadron made for Pohchihyaisu and advanced along the line of the east-coast forts ; but the sun was already sinking and the squadron found itself in full light as it left the cover of the forts. As this would give an enormous advantage to the Chinese, it made straight for the sea and attacked the island forts from another direc- tion. The latter also replied sharply. After an exciting exchange of shots, the squadron left at 6.0 p.m. During the encounter, the Main Squadron which was watching the fight with great interest approached Liukung Island so closely that many shells were fired upon it from the island, one especially dropping between the Matsushima and Chiyoda. The First Flying Squadron remained that night off the west entrance, while die rest either anchored or kept watch at or about Keming Island. THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEI. 18 On the 31st, the Main and the First and Second Flying Squadrons met at 5 a.m., ten miles off Wei-hai-wei, The First Squadron watched as before the west entrance, while the other two were as vigilant at the east en- trance. The three squadrons resumed at 8 a.m. their manoeuvres off the island. The Yamaio, Afusas/iz and Katsuragi, of the Third Flying Squadron, made for the east entrance, followed by the Chiyoda which had left her line. After making sure of the torpedo-boats in the harbour, the last named re- joined the Main Squadron off Keming Island. Presently, the Akagl ap- proached the flagship and signalled that Captain Miyoshi, of the TsttkusJii, requested permission to attack Jih Island that night. The per- mission was readily given ; but at 1 1 a.m., the sky became overcast and a snow-storm arose and raged with such violence that the men-of-war were compelled to return to Yungching Bay for shelter. The First Flying Squadron was, however, left behind to watch the harbour. The tem- perature fell to 1 1 deg. Fahr., and the cold was intense. On the 1st February, the storm continued; and the ships remained at Yungching Bay. On the 2nd, the wind fell in the afternoon and the sea became calm. At 2, the Main Squadron left for Wei-hai-wei Harbour, where it arrived at 7 p.m. That night it dropped anchor at Keming Island. On the 3rd, at dawn, the First and Second Flying Squadron, except the Akitstis/dma, joined the Main Squadron, and made in a single line for die neighbourhood of Liukung Island. The Akitsushima, which came up at 10 a.m. after coaling, reported the fall of Weihai-wei. The army hav- ing thus accomplished its duty, it was now the navy's turn to show its mettle. About the same time, the Second Flying Squadron advanced under the east-coast forts towards the east entrance. The forts captured by the Japanese on the mainland and the Chinese Squadron were heard firing energetically at each other. The Second Flying Squadron then also fired upon the Chinese men-ofwar, which thereupon turned their attention upon the Squadron. The fight did not last long, though it was sharp. The Japanese Squadron next went round to the west entrance, and attacked the west fort of the island, which retained no longer its former courage and was now silent. The central fort only fired five or six shells. The squad- ron left at noon. The only damage done was the snapping of the Takads rigging. In the afternoon, the Third Flying Squadron fired without per- 14 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL ceptible effect upon the Chinese ships. The cannonade only lasted half an hour. The forts on the mainland, however, continued to fire into the night. On the 4th, the Main and First Flying Squadrons manoeuvred off Liukung Island as on the preceding day. Towards the evening, a torpedo- boat came alongside the flagship and, after receiving urgent orders from Admiral Ito, left for Yinshankow. On the 5th, at i a.m., the gunboats, Chokai and Aiago, began firing upon the Chinese men-of-war, which replied with equal energy. This was to divert the enemy's attention from the torpedo-flotillas which were creep- ing along the east-coast. They were the Third and Second Flotillas, consisting of 4 and 6 torpedo-boats respectively. The Third Flotilla had, on the 3rd, cut away a small portion of the boom, and being well-acquainted with the inlet, led the way. The flotillas waited till three o'clock when the moon went down ; and then they entered the harbour, two abreast, in tlie following order : — Third FloLilla No. No. Second Flotilla No. No. No. As it was pitch dark, they could not see before them. Fortunately for them, however, there were a gunboat and a torpedo-boat keeping guard, and by the light from their windows, the Chinese men of- war could be dimly seen in a line before Liukung Island. They passed between the men-ofwar and the guardships, and advanced from west to east. The boat No. 22 headed the little fleet. As that boat approached cautiously, the Chinese did not notice it, and only when it had come quite close and discharged a torpedo, did the Chinese detect it. They began to fire upon it, but in the confusion, it managed to discharge a second torpedo, and then made for the shore at Lungmeaoutsuy. In its hurry to escape the enemy's fusillade, it ran aground. The boat No. 9 had approached the Chinese closest of all. It had followed the Third Flotilla, but immediately on entering the boom, had struck to the north-west. It found itself acci- dentally near the Ting-yiien. Just then, a small Ciiinese torpedo flotilla came along, and the No. 9 joined this flotilla without the latter's know- ledge. When they were about 200 metres from the Ting-yuen, the latter hoisted a red light probably as a signal ; but seeing detec- tion was imminent, the boat at once discharged a torpedo at that G ., .. No. 22 10 .. ,. No. 5 8 ., ,. No. 21 9 .. .. No. 14 19 . .. No. 18 THE FALL OF WLI-HAI-WEL 15 distance, and a second at 50 metres. Water was thrown up near the ironclad, and feeling sure that the torpedo had told, the boat turned back at full speed ; but it was detected. The Chinese men-of-war fired upon it, while the gun-boats and torpedo-boats also pursued it. Its engine-room was shot through, and four engineers and stokers were killed, and four wounded, two of them mortally. The boiler was destroyed and all the engine-room staff being killed or wounded, the boat could no longer speed. The officers resolved to commit suicide rather than fall into the enemy's hands ; but they were met by the No. 19 which was approaching the Chinese, and the surviving officers and men were taken into that boat, while their own was abandoned. The No. 6 had also approached the Ting- yuen, but the torpedo-discharger was frozen and the torpedo could not be discharged. It had, therefore, to retire without effecting any damage. The No. 10 had followed No. 6, which, however, it lost sight of on the way. It came quite close to the Ting-yiien. The bow-discharger was frozen, but one amidships discharged a torpedo, which was effectual. The Nos. 8 and 14 ran aground as they were entering the inlet. The No. 22, which had stranded as it fled from the Chinese and was believed to have been destroyed, had lost one killed by the enemy and several drowned by the capsizing of the life- boat as it was carrying some of the crew ashore, leaving Lieut. Fukushima and five of the crew still imprisoned in the torpedo-boat. The Chinese fired upon it incessantly. When the day broke, the Japanese men of-war saw that it would be dangerous attempt to approach the boat, exposed as it was to the Chinese fire, but when the day closed, a torpedo-boat was sent to it and the six men were found unhurt in the hold ; Lieut. Fukushima was sound asle'-p, being apparently utterly indifferent to the danger he was in. The Ting-yuen sank in shallow water, and her hull was still partially above water. She had three holes knocked in by torpedoes. Two of these were undoubtedly those of the -No. 9, while the third is believed to be that of the No. 10. On the 5th, the First Torpedo Flotilla was ordered to attack the Chinese men-of-war. As the morning's attack had no doubt put the Chinese on their guard, the flotilla did not expect to return at all from the attack. The crews, therefore, took a short walk on land in the after- noon and had a farewell supper as none of them expected to live through the night. Charts and other important papers, and private belongings of 16 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL the crews were sent to tlie depot ship, with directions as to the disposal of the last. The First Flotilla consisted at the time of the No. 23, Kotaka, and Nos. 13, 11, and 7 ; the No. 12, though one of the flotilla, did not take part in the attack as it was still under repair. At 2.30, on the morning of the 6th, the moon went down. A Chinese junk was taken to the boom, to serve as a mark ; but when the junk struck the boom, the No. 23 had slipped half on it. As it would be troublesome to turn back, the boat went at full speed and managed to ride over the boom. The Kotaka was less successful ; it had to follow the boom to the end and entered by the inlet. The No. 1 3 and 1 1 also entered without difficulty ; but the No. 7 was unsuccessful, and did not enter at all. The Chinese men-of-war were on the watch and fired at random to frighten away any assailants. The four torpedo-boats, however, advanced unobserved. The No. 23 and Kotaka made for the vessels in the centre as they lay in a line abreast, while the other two went towards those on the west extremity, the only object of the No. 13 being to attack the Chen-yuen. The Chinese warships had search-lights, which passed twice over the torpedo-boats with- out detecting them. They were, on the contrary, useful to the torpedo- boats in enabling them to recognise the ships. The No. 23 approached the Weiyuen and with great boldness slowed down to make its aim sure. It discharged a torpedo which was effective. The Kotaka and the No. 1 1 were also successful. The Wei-ytcejt, the Lai-yiien, and a transport were sunk. They all returned safely. The No. 1 3 tried in vain to find the Chen-yuen, and had to return after a fruitless search, as the sky was al- ready whitening. Though the torpedo-boats were on detection fired upon, they all escaped unscathed. They returned to Yinshankow. Here all the Japanese Squadrons were gathered to prepare for the general attack on the islands. The orders were that the Main and the First Flying Squadrons were to attack the east forts of Liukung and the Second, Third, and Fourth Squadrons should close upon Jih Island. On the 7th, at dawn, the Squadrons made for Wei hai-wei Harbour. At 7.20, the Main and First Flying Squadrons advanced to 4,500 metres of Liukung, while the same distance from Jih Island was observed b\' the other fleet, consisting of the Second, Third, and Fourth Flying Squadrons (2nd, the Fiiso, Hiyei, Konj^o, and Takao ; 3rd, the Yaviato, Afusashi, Tenryii, Kawion, and Katsuragi, ; and 4th, the Tsuknshi, Ataoo^ Maya, Os/iima, and Chokai). The Chiyod-a, the second vessel of the Main THE FALL OP WEI-HAI-WEI. 17 Squadron opened fire, to which the west-coast fort of Liukung Island immediately replied. The three remaining Chinese fighting ships also began to move in the harbour and fire at intervals upon the Japanese. Then commenced the fight in earnest. The forts on the two Islands, aided by the men-of-war, fired incessantly upon the Japanese. Taking advantage of the smoke which enveloped the whole harbour, the Chinese torpedo-boats ran out of the west entrance. The Matsushima pretended not to notice them, hoping thereby to draw out the Chinese men-of-war. The Yoshlno, however, went in their pursuit. The Flying Squadrons manoeuvred off the islands with precision, and as each vessel came directly opposite to the forts at the distance ot about 4,5000 metres, she fired upon them. A magazine on Jih Island caught fire. A shell from the east coast forts of Liukung Island struck the Fiiso, as the latter had fired her third round, on the starboard bow and coming out on the port, made a hole over a foot in diameter. It killed a man on the spot and wounded six others more or less severely. The Tsitkiishi, however, succeeded in destroying a disappearing gun on Jih Island. When the Chinese torpedo-boats fled from the west entrance, the First Squadron was ordered to pursue them. The Yoshino, of that Squadron, soon overtook them on account of her superior speed. The boats made for the shore ; and being of lighter draught, ran close to the beach ; but the Yoshino fired upon them with her quick firing guns with such effect that in their anxiety to get out of her range, eight torpedo-boats and two launches ran aground near Lungmun Harbour. Two torpedo-boats which remained being of higher speed, managed to enter Chefoo Harbour, hotly pursued by the Yoshino and the rest of the Flying Squadron. They left the harbour soon after and steamed westward, but ran aground, and were captured by the Yoshino. These latter were the largest of the Chinese torpedo-flotilla. Those which stranded near Lungmun were seized by the Japanese Infantry without any difficulty. The Flying Squadron returned that night to Yinshankow with their prizes. It is said that these torpedo-boats ran out of Wei-hai-wei Harbour while their commanders were holding council with Admiral Ting. In this day's engagement which had lasted till about 10 a.m., the Matsushima had a commander, a sub-lieutenant, and a midshipman wounded ; the Yoshino, two killed and four wounded ; the Akitsushima, two wounded ; and the Tsulmshi, one killed and 7 wounded, of whom two died 18 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL subsequently. '1 he only other loss was that of the FiisOy to which we have referred. Thus the Japanese lost four killed, six severely wounded, of whom two died, and 1 6 were slightly wounded, making the total casualties 26. The Chinese loss is not known. On the 8th, the Japanese men-of-war kept manoeuvring off the Islands and watched the Chinese warships in harbour all day as it was feared they might escape. Towards evening, a Japanese torpedo-boat came with a Chinese torpedo-boat in tow. The latter was called the Foolung, and was about the size of the Japanese Kotaka. It was furnished with four 6-pd. quick-firing and several Nordenfeldt guns. Its commander, Lieut. Tsai Ting-kan had been taken by the Japanese army. From him the Japanese obtained a fair knowledgfe of the actual condition of Liukunor Island. At II a.m on the same day, the chief torpedo engineers of the First Flying Squadron held a council on board the Yoshino on the destruction of the boom ; and it was decided to send a tender and a boat from each vessel for the purpose. Though, that day being the 14th of the lunar month, the moon was almost full, the snowclouds which covered the whole sky fortunately prevented the eight little vessels from being detected as they cautiously rounded Pohchihyaisu and approached the boom at i i.o p.m. All this while a torpedo flotilla was firing at the west entrance to divert the attention of the Chinese on Liukung Island. The tenders and their boats were astonished to see a boat as they passed under Lukeutsuy, but as they came alongside, they found to their relief it was tlie stranded torpedo-boat No. 22. When they came to Liingmeaoutsuy, they discovered a clear space of about six yards between the beach and die boom, which had been cut away to that extent by the torpedo-boats previously to their daring dash into the harbour on the 5th and 6th. The tenders and boats of the Yoshino, Akitsiishima, and Nankua were moored ai a point pre- viously agreed upon ; and their crews began to prepare gun-cotton charges for destroying the boom, while the Takachihd s crew, leaving their tender, took their boat up to the boom itself and set to work to sever it. The boom consisted of logs six inches square and twelve feet long laid side by side at an interval of two feet and kept in position by three parallel steel hawsers, four inches thick, which ran from the mainland to Jih Island and thence to Liukung Island, and were held down by anchors attached by six inch chains to them at every ten.th log. The torpedo-engineer of the TakacJiilio ordered his men to cut throuoh these hawsers with axes. The THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL 19 men worked with all their might, but the steel hawsers were hard to cut. The sound of the falling axes were heard on the islands in the stillness of the night. Several shots whisded over their heads; but still the men worked on, as they were prepared for the enemy's attack. But the firing ceased soon after, and though at midnight a blazing fire was seen at the south east head of Liukung, accompanied by a fanfare of trumpets and the Japanese at the boom expected every moment to be swept away, nothing came of these apparjent preparations. At i.o a.m., the Takachiho s men had done their work and the other men-of-war's men exploded the severed parts with gun-cotton. By this means, about 400 metres of the boom were cut away. The boats were given in charge to the Naniwas tender, while the other tenders brought away the severed portion of the boom to show to the Japanese ; but when they came under the lighthouse on Pochihyaisu, the moon broke through the clouds, and the tenders were suddenly hailed with volleys from the south-east fort of Liu- kung Island. As they were in great danger of being hit and sunk, they abandoned the severed portion of the boom and made at full speed for the cover of Pohchihyaisu, when they arrived at 2, being often stopped on the way by the Japanese ships on guard. On reporting next morning their night's work to the Commander of their squadron, they were ordered to resume it that night as the boom had not been sufficiently cleared. On the 9th, the Third Flying Squadron (the Tenry^i, Yamato, Musaslii, V Kaivion, and Katsuragi) commenced at 8 a.m. to attack the eastern forts of Liukung Island. The Kaisiiragi, especially, distinguished herself by the boldness with which she approached the forts and fired upon them with great effect. The Yoshino, Takachiho, Akitsushima, and Chiyoda kept guard at the east entrance, while the Second Flying Squadron only fired a round. At 4.50 p.m., the Ihird Squadron withdrew and returned to its anchorage near Pohchihjaisu. In the midst of the fight between the Island forts and the squadrons, the forts at Lukeutsuy fired under the direc- tion of Lieut. Uchida, of the Japanese Navy, two shells which struck the Ching-yuen and sank her immediately. At 1 1 p.m., the tenders went again to cut away the boom. The torpedo-engineers had agreed that night to set up the Japanese flag upon the Jih Island fort. They found the entrance they had opened the previous night so strictly guarded that they could not resume their work, and as they went northward towards Jih Island, they were met by a torpedo-boat which warned not to venture towards that 20 THE FALL OF WEl-HALWEL island as they would only expose themselves to needless danger without doing any good. They returned, therefore, to Pohchihyaisu with the intention of going again next night. On the loth, the Itsukushima remained as guardship near Liukung Island, and was at night relieved by the MatsusJiima, Hashidate, and Chiyoda. The I ith was the national Japanese holiday, being the day on which the First Emperor of Japan ascended the throne. After the usual ceremonies on such occasions had been performed on die various warships, the Third Squadron again commenced an attack on the south-eastern fort on Liukung Island, which replied with greater precision than hitherto, having acquired skill from its former experiences. A gunner was killed and six others were slightly wounded on the Katsuragi; on the Tenryii., the vice-commander, Lieut. Nakano, was blown off the conning-tower and drowned; an engineer, a sergeant, and three marines were wounded, while the machine-gun on the Yamatds bridge was disabled. The Second Flying Squadron advanced to the aid of the Third, but the Chinese did not fire. In the evening, the Naniwa and Akitsushima went to the West Entrance and attacked the forts there with the object of diverting their attention from the tenders which were once more to cut away the boom ; but the wind was so strong that the tenders could not approach the boom. On the 1 2th, at 8 a.m., a small gunboat with a white flag at the bow and the Yellow Dragon at the stern came out of the Fast Entrance, followed by a boat. The gun boat stopped near the foreign men-of-war that were anchored not far from the Japanese flagship. Nine men got into the boat, which was towed to that ship by a Japanese torpedo-boat. The envoy was Commander Ching Peih-kwang, of the Kwang-ping and the gun-boat was found to be the Cheiipd. He came on board the MatsiisJiivia with a letter of surrender from Admiral Ting. The Japanese torpedo-boats at once sur- rounded the boat in which he had come. The First Flying Squadron and the Itsukushima and Hashidate were ordered to guard the entrances of the Harbour. Admiral Ting's letter, which Commander Ching had brought, was to the effect that though the Admiral himself had intended to fight to the last, he now requested that the lives of all the Chinese and foreign officers, military and naval men, and civilians on the Island might be spared and that they might be permitted to go back freely to their homes, in return for which he would deliver all the vessels, forts, and stores on the Island, and he offered, if his request were acceded to, to obtain the guarantee of the British THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEI. 21 Admiral for the faithful carrying-out of the terms on his part. Admiral Ito at once sent an officer to Marshal Oyama at Hooshan, who, after consultinof his staff, communicated his views to the Admiral. Before this communication was received. Admiral Ito had already agreed to the terms except the proposal regarding the British Admiral's guarantee, which Admiral Ito stated was unnecessary as he put implicit confidence in Admiral Ting's military honour ; and proposed that arrangements should be made next day for fixing the hour and other minor conditions of carrying out the capitulation. He also assured Admiral Ting that he would be received with honour should he elect to come over to Japan and remain there until the cessation of hostilities. Commander Ching left with the Japanese Ad- miral's letter, promising to bring a definite answer next day. On the 13th, at 9.30 a.m.. Commander Ching returned with Admiral Ting's reply, in which he cordially thanked the Japanese Admiral for acced- ing to his request and at the same time begged that the actual clay of surrender might be postponed until the 1 7th. Commander Ching then reported that after writing the reply and despatching a telegram to Li Hung-chang in which he stated the reasons for his surrender, Admiral Ting committed suicide. Liu Poochen, Commander of the Ting yueii and also commander of the Right Wing of the Northern Fleet, and Chang Wanseuen, Commander of the forces on LIukung Island, also put an end to themselves, Commander Ching was sent back at 11, with orders to return at 6 p.m. that day to hear the Japanese Admiral's decision. The following letter was handed to him : — 13 th February, 1895. His Majesty's Ship Matsushima. To the officer representing the Chinese fleet at Wei-hai-wei. I hereby acknowledge the receipt of the letter of Admiral Ting dated the 1 8th of January of Chinese Calendar. The report of the death of Admiral Ting last night communicated verbally by the messenger who brought over the same letter I received with great personal regret. As to postponing the receipt of the vessels, forts and other materials of war until the 22nd of January of the Chinese year, I am ready to comply with under condition. This condition Is that some responsible Chinese officer should come over to this our flagship Matsiishiina before 6 o'clock p.m., this day the 13th of February according to the Japanese year, to make arrangements with me upon several points which have to be fixed with 22 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL certitude, regarding the receiving of the said vessels, forts, and other materials of war, as well as the escorting of the Chinese and foreign officers and men out of Wei-hai-wei. In my last letter to the lamented Admiral Ting it was said " As to the hour and other minor conditions I shall be glad to make arrangements with you to-morrow," and now that he is dead these minor conditions have to be arranged with somebody who can deal with us in his stead. It is my express wish that the said officer who comes to this our flagship for the above purpose be a Chinese, not a foreign officer, and be it understood that I am willing to receive him with honour. (Signed) Admiral ITO, Commander-in-chief of the Japanese Squadron. Towards 5 o'clock p.m. of the same day, New Chang-pung, Taotai of Liukung Island, accompanied by Commander Ching, came under a white flag to the MatsnsJiima \ and Taotai New, who introduced himself as the representative of the naval and military forces of Wei-hai-wei, was received with honour by Admiral Ito, who had not until then met Commander Ching when he came as he had not full powers to treat. Admiral Ito then proposed to Taotai New several conditions relating to the receiving of the vessels, forts and materials of war, the escorting of the Chinese and foreign officers and men out of Wei-hai-wei, etc. ; and after a consultation of several hours, Taotai New and Commander Ching left the ship on the condition of coming again before 2 o'clock p.m. on the follow- ing day. Taotai New came again under a white flag, accompanied by Com- mander Ching, at the stated hour next day and was cordially received by Admiral Ito. During the negotiations, Taotai New spoke in Chinese, which was translated by Commander Ching into English, and this was rendered into Japanese by Councillor Ariga. Admiral Ito spoke in Japanese, and communicated with Taotai New through Councillor Ariga and Commander Ching, Captain Ishii, of the Artillery, who was versed in the Chinese spoken language, being present to detect any incorrectness in Commander Ching's interpretation. After many hours' consultation the following terms were agreed upon between the two parties as Conditions THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEI. 23 of Capitulation and were signed by Admiral Ito and Taotai New, the subjoined English version being taken as the original text : — Article I. That a list of the names, functions, and ranks of all the naval or military officers, both Chinese and foreign, required to be transported in safety, should be produced. For foreigners their nationalities should also be mentioned. As to soldiers, clerks etc., only their numbers are to be assigned. Article II. That all the naval or military officers, both native and foreign, should pledge themselves by a formal writing that they shall not re-engage in the present war between Japan and China. Article III. That all the weapons, powder and projectiles for use of the land forces on Liu-kung Island should be collected in fixed places, these places to be made known to us. The soldiers of the said land forces should be landed at Chu-tao, and from thence they are to be conducted by the Japanese guards to the outpost of the Japanese army now occupying the localities around Wei-hai-wei. The landing is to begin from 5 o'clock p.m. 14th Feb., 1895 (20th Jan. of the Chinese calendar) and end before the noon of the 15th of Feb., 1895 (21st Jan. of the Chinese calendar). Article IV. That Taotai New, representing the Chinese naval and military forces at Weihai-wei with responsibility, should appoint a suitable number of committee for the delivery of the vessels and forts. These committees are required to send in before noon 15th Feb., 1895, a list of the vessels and forts in their charge with the number and kinds of the guns, rifles and other weapons now contained in these vessels or forts. Article. V. That the Chinese naval and military officers and men, native and foreign, should be allowed to leave Wei-hai-wei after the noon of the iCth of Feb., 1895 (22nd Jan. of the Chinese calendar) in the steam-ship Kioang- isi sailing out of the harbour under the condition stipulated in Article X. Article VI. That the Chinese naval and military officers, both native and foreign, should be allowed to take with them their personal movable property only, with the exception of weapons, which are to be delivered even if they be private property. Whenever deemed necessary, the things they take away shall be submitted to inspection. 24 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL Article VII. That the permanent residents, i.e. the original inhabitants of the Island of Liu-kung, should be persuaded to continue their abode on the island. Article VIII. That the landing of the requisite number of the Japanese officers and men on the island of Liu-kung, in order to take possession of the forts and the materials of war on the Island, should commence from 9 o'clock a.m. on the 1 6th Feb., 1895 (22nd Jan. of the Chinese calendar), but that Admiral Ito reserves to himself the right of sending a certain number of Japanese men-of-war into the harbour whenever the necessity occurs at any time after the signing of the present stipulations. The naval officers, both na- tive and foreign, on board the Chinese vessels may remain therein until 9 o'clock a.m. of the 1 6th Feb., 1895 (22nd Jan. of the Chinese calendar). These marines, soldiers, seamen, etc. on board the same vessls, that wish to be escorted out of Wei-hai-wei by land should be landed in the same place, and escorted in the same way as the soldiers of the land forces, the landing to begin from the noon of the 15th Feb., 1895 (21st Jan. of the Chinese calender), that is to say, after the landing of the land forces is finished. Article IX. That women, children, aged persons and other non-combatants that wish to leave the Island of Liu-kung, should be allowed to sail out of the Eastern or Western mouth of the harbour in Chinese junks any time after the morning of the 15th Feb., 1895 (21st Jan. of the Chinese calendar). These vessels are, however, to be examined by the Japanese naval officers and men in the torpedo-boats or other boats posted at the mouth of the harbour, the examination extending to both persons and baggage. Article X. That the coffins of the lamented Admiral Ting and the officers next to him should be allowed to be carried out of the harbour after the noon of the i6th February, 1895 (22nd January of the Chinese calendar) and before the noon of the 23rd I'^ebruary, 1895 (29th January of the Chinese calendar) in the steam-ship Ktvang-tsi, which Admiral Ito desists from taking possession of, and lays at the disposal of Taotai New as representing the Chinese navy and army at Wei-hai-wei, solely out of respect to the soul of Admiral Ting, who did his duty towards his country. The said steamship Kivang-tsi is to be inspected THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEI. 26 by the Japanese naval officers on the morning of the 15th Feb., 1895 (21st Jan. of the Chinese calendar) to assure that she is not equipped as a war vessel. Article XI. That it be always understood that the Chinese naval and military forces at Wei-hai-wei are to give up all hostile operations against the Japanese naval and military forces, and that the moment such operations are made the present stipulations shall lose effect at once and the Japanese naval and military forces shall resume hostility. Done on the 14th Feb., 1895 (20th Jan. of the Chinese calendar) on board His Majesty's ship Matsushwia. (Signed) ADMIRAL ITO. TAOTAI NEW. On the 1 6th, at 9.0 a.m., the steamship Kwang-tsi \n2ls, according to promise, brought for examination to Yin-shan-kow, where Japanese military and naval officers visited her. Though she looked like an armed transport, she was really a torpedo training-ship. She was of over 900 tons, and was furnished with small guns and torpedo dischargers, which were at once made over to the officers. Her supply of small-arms on board was reduced from 20 to 10 ; after which she was allowed to return and make preparations for departure with Admiral Ting's remains. At 3.15, the foreigners on the Island were called and examined. They were all released on parole, except George Howie, who had already been released on parole when he was arrested at Kobe in the preceding autumn, and was now taken prisoner for thus breaking his word of honour. The foreigners released were Vice-Admiral McClure, and Messrs. Thos. Mellows. Hastings Thomas, Charles Clarkson, W. H. Graves, Sam. Wood, Robt. Walpole, and R. Tyler, and two civilians. Dr. Kirk and Mr. Howard. They were sent with Chinese officers on board the Kwang-tsi, which left on the following day for Chefoo with Admiral Ting's remains. W^hen the vessel passed out of the harbour, the Japanese men-of-war lowered their flags and fired their guns in honour of the late Admiral. The Chinese soldiers, civilians, women, and children were landed at the pier under Peishantsuy. By the 1 7th, they were all sent on the mainland, the civilians in Chinese junks and the military in gunboats, which plied for 26 THE FALL OF WEI-HALWEL two days between the Island and the mainland. The total strength of the Chinese forces at the time of the capitulation was as follows : — Navy Officers Students Petty officers and men... Army Officers oub-officers and men ... ... 3.084 183 80 2,871 ... 2,040 40 2,000 ToUl 5,124 On the 1 7th, after the boom at the West Entrance had been on the previous day destroyed, the Japanese squadrons began to enter the harbour at 9, and were all within by 11.30. At i p.m., the Japanese national flag was hoisted on the surrendered warships, Chen-ytien, Tsi-yuen, Kzvang-ping, and Ping-ytien, and six gun-boats, Chen-pe, Cken-ita7i, Cheit-si, Chen-iung, Cken-c htmg, 2ind Clien-pien. Thus the naval port of Wei-hai-wei, with its men-of-war and Island of Liu-kung, fell completely in to Japanese hands on the 1 7th February, 1895. The Chen-y2ien was docked for repairs at Port Arthur. On the 27th February, Admiral Ito left Wei-hai-wei and arrived at Ujina on the 3rd March with the Tsi-yiien. Two days later, the Ping-ytien and Kwang-ping also reached Ujina. The admiral received an ovation when he landed at Ujina and proceeded at once to the Headquarters at Hiroshima. The total losses of the Japanese navy during the bombardment of Wei- hai-wei and the Island of Liu-kuno" were as follows : — Killed ... 27 Officers 4 Petty officers and men 28 Wounded 38 Officers 4 Midshipmen 2 Petty officers and men 82 Total 65 DEFENCES OF WEI-HAI-WEI. The Chinese official report of defences of Wei-hai-wei and Liu-kung Island in 1 893 gives the following table : — Nnme of Lfx-Hlity. Fort. Description of gun. No of guna. Peisliantsuy N(». 1 24 cm., 35 calibres, on Centnil Pivottd Caninge... 2 M No. 2 ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ... 2 No. 3 ,. , 2 Hwangtooyny — 21 cm., ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ... 2 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL 27 Tseszetai Nortlieni Coast Southern Coast ... No. 1.... ... No. 2.... ... No. 3... Niufiuigtiug, Landward I Pelting, \ \ Landward) Lung- mertoutsuy ,, Lukeutsuy ., ,, Chaopeitsuy.. jSeayheasu, " I Landward (Yangfangling,| " I Landward ) fJih Island ... — T • I T 1 1 (Liu-kung) L.ukung Island.. I ^^^^^^^f]-. Hwang ) Island] '" 21 cm., 35 caliljres, on Central Pivoted Carriage... 2 15 cm., ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ... 1 )> »i )» »» ») »» , .. X 15 cm., on Central Pivoted Carriage .. 2 12 cm., quick-firers 2 15 cm., 35 calibres. Central Pivoted Carriage 2 12 cm., quick-firers . 2 21 cm., 35 calibres, Central Pivoted Carriage 2 15 cm., ,, ,, ,, ,, 2 24 cm., ,, „ ,, ,, 4 Q >» »J )> »» >» " 28 cm., ,, ,, ,, ,, 2 15 cm., „ „ „ „ 4 12 cm., quick-firers 2 12 cm., 35 calibres, Central Pivoted Carriage 4 12 cm., quick-firers 2 Nankin-made, on Disappearing Carriage 2 English-made, on Disappearing Carriage 2 24 cm., 35 calibres, Central Pivoted Carriage G THE PEIYANG SQUADRON. NAME. Description. H.P. Speed. Ton- No. of uage. guns. llemarks. Tiuij-ijnen lion clad G,000... Chen-i/iien , 6.000.. Kinij-ijueu Armouitid ('luisor . . . 5,000. . , Tjii-ijuen ,, ...7,500.. Chih-ijiteii Cruiser 7,500 . Chhvj yxu'ii ... ,, 7.500.. 'Jsi-ynen ,, 2,800.. Cfiiio-ijiouj ... ,, 2,400. YdUff-tcei ,, 2,400.. Tai-an Despatch-boat 600.. Mei-yxin ,, 400.. Tsao-hitnvj Gunboat 360.. Min-tsee ,, — 480.. , 350.. 350.. , 350.. „ 350.. 440.. 440., Chenlidi ,, Chen-tnng ,, Chm-si ,, Chen-nan ,, Clien-pei ,, Chen-chuny ... ,, Chen-jnen ,, Hai-ldny Training-ship Kxcany-chia "*' 14i.. 14i . ,15^., ,15*., 18 ., .15 . .18 . .15 . .15i. .10 . . 8 . . 9 . . 9 . . 8 . . 8 . . 8 . .15 Kivang-yi * 17 Kwang-piny * 17 .7,350.. .7,350.. .2,900.. .2,900.. .2,300.. .2,300.. .2,355. .1,350. .1,350 .1,258. . 570., . 950. . 750. ,. 950. ,. 440. .. 440. .. 440. .. 440. .. 440. .. 440. ..1,450. ..1,296. ..1,101. ..1,101. 14.. 14.. ,12., .12. .17. .17. .12. .18. 18. .10. . 8. . 9. '. 9! . 8. . 8. . 8. . 8. .Sunk, 5th Feb. 1895. .Surrendered, 17tli Feb., 1895. .Sunk, 17th Sept., 1894. .Sunk, 6th Feb., 1895. .Sunk, 17th Sept., 1894. .Sunk, 8th Feb., 1895. .Surrendered, 17th Feb., 1895. .Sunk, 17th Sept., 1894. .Captured, 6ih March, 1895. 25ih July, 1894. „ 21st Nov., 1894. .Surrendered, 17Lh Feb., 1895. .Captured, 21st Nov., 1894. .Stranded and destroyed, 25th September, 1894. • Stranded and destroyed, 25th July, 1894. .Surrendered, 17th Feb., 1895. Properly belonged to the Kwang-tung Squadron. 28 THE FALL OF WEIHAI-WEL THE JAPA According to returns made on the 31st December, 1893, and given 1 ! Displace- Squadron. Service. Name. Material. 1 Description. ment. French Tons. In Action Service. Matsushima. | Steel. Coast Defence. 4,278 (Stfttioned at Saseljo.) j 2 ,, Itsukushima. „ 4,278 oci (Stationed at Kure.) & „ Naniwa. „ Cruiser. 3,709 (Stationed at Yokosuka.) ,, 2'akachiho. ,, 3,709 a (Stationed at Saselx).) c3 ,j Chiyoda. „ 2,439 (Stationed at Kure.) CC ' J, Takao. Steel and Iron. 1,778 (Stationed at Yokosuka.) Total 6 — ■ — 20.191 i En Disponibilite. Hashidate. Steel. Coast Defence 4,278 ce ^ .. Fuso. Iron, Armour-belt. Corvette. 3,777 J ^ Training-ship. Tsukuha. Wood. 1.978 g -^ J In Reserve. Yayeyama. Steel. Despatch vessel 1,609 ^ g Guard-ship. Mtisashi. Composite. Sloop. 1,502 >" a Training-sliip. Amagi. Wood. ,, 926 3 ( 1 Guard-ship. Atago. Steel and Iron. Gun-boat. 622 j Training-sliip. Kanju. Wood. Sailing bark. 877 15,569 Total s — — En Disponibilite. Yoshino. Steel. Cruiser. 4.216 -M Training-ship. Kongo. Composite, Armour-b-lt. Corvette. 2,284 o En Disponibilite. Hiyei. „ „ 2,284 Tmining-ship. Tenryii. Wood. Sloop. 1,547 raltj Guard-ship. Yaniato. Composite. „ 1,502 ,j Tsukushi. Steel. Cruiser. 1,372 'S In Reserve. Maya. Iron. Gun boat. 1 622 ^5 ' Guard-ship. Akagi. Steel. ,, 622 <>1 i Training-ship. Hosho. Wood. 321 -ij i Tateyama. .. Sailing schooner 543 Total 10 — — 1 15.313 En Disponibilite. Akitsushima. Steel. Cruiser. 3,150 ,-° Training-ship. Katsuragi. Kahnon. Composite. Wood. Sloop. >> 1,502 1.367 * i± J Surveying-ship. Banjo. „ Gun boat. ; 667 o3 ^ Guard shiij. Oshinia. Steel. „ 6K) g ,j Chokai. Iron. ,, j 622 'S .» Kasuga. Wood. Despatch vessel i 1,289 o Training-ship. ! Manju. „ Sailing bark. 1 877 Totnl ' 8 — — 1 10,114 Active Service. ^ 20,191 "? I'^S Guatd-ship. ! « — — 8,171 t Training-ship. 1 9 — — 10,720 b1« 1 Surveying-ship. 1 — — 667 ol«J ! In Reserve. 2 — — 2,231 o ^ En Disponibilite. — — 19,207 Grand Tutjil (1893) 32 — — 61,187 in 1892 35 — — 65,526 „ 1891 35 — — 61,763 „ 1890 34 — — 68,290 „ 1889 31 — — 49,451 „ 1888 30 — — 44,777 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL 29 NESE NAVY. in the Official Statistical Eeport Published in October 1894. Horse- power. Armament Speed in knots. Complement of Crew. "Where and When Built. Admirals & Command- ing officers. Officers and Cadets Petty officers and Seamen. Total. No of Guns. 5,400 28 16 5 35 361 401 France, 189 >. 5,400 30 16 3 33 316 352 France, 1889. 7,604 10 19 2 32 327 361 England, 1885. 7,604 10 19 3 29 305 337 England, 188.3. 5,678 24 19 2 26 278 306 England, 1890. 2,332 5 — 2 22 202 226 Yokosuka, 1888. 34.018 107 — 17 177 1,789 1,983 5,400 30 16 14 164 179 Yokosuka, 1891. 3,650 10 13 — — — England, 1877. 526 8 — 23 227 251 East India, 1851. 6,400 11 — 8 117 126 Yokosuka, 1889. 1,622 7 — 19 209 230 \okosuka, 1886. 720 10 — 15 132 148 Yokosuka, 1877. 963 2 — 10 92 103 Yokosuka, 1887. — 4 — 11 91 11 '3 Ouohama, 18S7. 18,281 82 — 8 99 1 ,033 1.140 15.968 3t 22 i 3 17 184 204 England, 1893. 2,535 9 12 2 39 270 321 England, 1877. 2,535 11 12 — . — — — England, 1877. 1,267 6 — 1 19 188 208 Yokosiika, 1883. 1,622 7 — 7 20 207 229 Onohama, 1885. 2,433 8 — 1 21 155 177 England, 1880. 963 4 — 1 5 54 60 Onohama, 1886. 963 10 12 1 8 117 126 Onohama, 1888. 217 5 — 1 8 87 96 England, 1868. — 2 — 6 45 51 Kawasaki Yd.. 1880. 28,503 96 — 12 153 1.307 1,452 8,516 18 19 1 11 20 31 Yokosuka, 1892. 1,622 7 — 1 10 103 114 Yokosuka, 1885. 1,267 7 — 1 19 161 181 Yoko.suka, 1882. 659 4 — 1 8 100 109 Yokosixka, 1878. 1,217 9 — 1 9 120 130 Onohama, 1891. 963 2 — 1 8 80 89 Ishikawajima, 1887. 1.217 5 — 1 11 185 197 England, 1863. — 4 — 1 11 87 99 Onohama, 1887. 15,461 56 — 8 87 856 951 1 1 34,018 107 17 177 1,786 1,983 11,000 50 — 10 106 1,165 1,281 6,532 55 — 9 161 1,288 1,458 659 4 — 1 8 100 109 6,363 15 — 2 13 171 186 37,691 110 — ! 6 52 471 529 96,263 341 — 45 517 4,984 5,546 95,251 392 — 46 531 5,403 5,980 76,665 324 — 51 553 5,122 5,726 70,065 283 — 46 573 5,372 5,991 51,504 — — 43 496 5,360 5,899 42,279 — — 46 406 4,912 5,363 30 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEI. TORPEDO-BOATS. No. of Boats. Material. Tonnage. (French.) Horse-power. 1893 1892 1891 1890 23 23 13 5 Steel. 1,395 1,395 795 3G3 13,308 13,308 6,297 2,097 There were in 1893 2 boats under repairs and three others building. SHIPS UNDER CONSTRUCTION. Material. Displace- ment. Horse- power. No. of Guns. Where building. Expected date of launch. Torpedo-gunboat* Cruiser B f Cruiser C Despatch -vessel A Steel. 8G4 2,700 2,800 1,800 5,069 8,500 6,130 6 20 20 8 England. Yokosuka. Kure. April 1894 „ 1894 Oct. 1895 „ 1895 * The Tatsuta arrived in Japan early this year. Her speed is 23 knots, t The Swna was launched in March last. Her expected speed is 20 knots. PERSONNEL OF THE JAPANESE NAVY. 31st December 1893. Class. Naval Personnel. ! Naval Grand Total. Artmirals ami Superior Omcere. Officials and Cadets. Petty Officers. Students. Marines. Total. function- aries and employes, Central Administration Naval Schools and Colleges.. Yokosuka Admiralty 50 13 26 ]6 15 45 82 27 87 54 179 75 78 517 63 61 11 45 479 200 179 1,041 153 35 5 170 91 1,759 153 373 2.443 318 80 271 202 142 471 453 2,714 1,793 1,445 5,546 1,856 574 Kure „ 1,300 1,591 1,031 1,303 3,943 5,546 1,558 1,856 Sasebo „ Men-of-war's crews First Reserve Second Reserve 451 ! 574 1 1 Total, 1893 274 1,114 2,143 175 10,133 13,839 1,013 14,852 1892 1891 1890 1889 1888 269 252 250 227 221 1,122 1,106 1,048 927 850 2,072 2,041 1,977 1,801 1,865 203 258 316 387 447 9,283 9,4H 9,('83 9,571 7,422 12,949 ! 1.030 13,098 1,092 12,674 1,365 12,913 1,265 10,805 1,366 13,987 14,190 14,(>39 14,178 12,171 THE FALL OF WEI-HAI-WEL 81 NAVAL DISTRICTS. District. Extent. Admiralty Port. Coast Line. Nautical Miles. I. IL IIL IV. V. » From Kita-hei district, Eikiichu to Minami-muro district, ) ) Kii, inclusive, and Bonin Islands ) r" From Higashi-muro district, Kii to Nagato, inclusive ; ") < from Buzen to Minami-naka district, Hiuga, in > (. ^fyusliu; Shikoku; and Inland Sea ) V From Chiku/.en to Minami-Morokata, Hiuga, along west^ ^ coast of Kyushu; Iki; Tsushima; and the Loochoos. ) From Iwami to Ugo ; Oki; and Sado Hokkaido ; Mutsu and Kunohe districts, Rikuchu Yokosuka. Kure. Sasebo. Maizuru. Muroran, 1,057 2.067 1,497 1,055 2,276 7,952 The Admiralty Ports of Maiznru and Muroran not being yet opened, the District IV, as far as Echigo on the east, will for the present be under the control of Kure Admiralty Port, and the District V. and the rest of the District IV., vindor that of Yokosuka Port. TORPEDO FLOTILLAS. Which took part in tlie night attack at Wei-hai-wei. First Torpedo Flotilla. Commanded by Commander Mochihara Name. Commander. Complement of Crew. Length in Metres. Di.splacement in tons No. 23 Kotaka. No 13 No. 12 No. 7 No. 11 Lieut. Oda. ., Nagai. „ Saiki. „ Tsuchiya. „ Hidejima. „ Kasama. 20 28 16 16 16 16 39 50 35 35 35 35 85 203 54 54 54 54 Second Tgi.pedo Flotilla. Commanded by Commander Fujita. Name. Commander. Complement of Crew. Length in Metres. Displacement in tons. No. 21 No. 8 No. 9 No. 14 No. 19 No. 18 Lieut. Yoshioka. „ Hagui. „ Mano. „ Kijima. „ Iwamura. „ Isobe. 16 16 16 16 16 16 36 35 35 35 35 35 79.5 5t 54 54 54 54 Third Torpedo Flotilla. Commanded by Lieutenant Imai. Name. Commander. Complement of Ciew. Length in Metres. Displacement in tons. No. 22 No. 5 No. 6 No. 10 Lieut. Fukushima. „ Ishida. „ Suzuki. „ Nakamura. 20 16 16 16 39 35 35 35 85 64 54 54 o < 7i -v :;: S- >- HCHIHYA^^ *" ft. f>ao^ he^ ^ r |^Wn^lSf|F^-?< (jfi^^y ^.aA:^'^ ^^e 6^. Hl^+i™S^'Spii^™^^^^ i mfMf ^ 5 ^ < IS 1^1^ ^ ■SI ^ "^ ts. W S5 ■« «3 Jg ©Ife ^ ^:^' H in < O O O o ;c I— « ■J ;?; a ; 1 ^ w > pj fn H o fii U H -3 % V , V f en 1 * O \ , 1^ o 1— 1 '•>.' ' ?!^ H • ' i''W % 2 ^ ■# J < k ^ t^ T? ^ S i^K:/!^: o H < O o w s H o (73 H o C/3 I— I Oi O < u E- Ig Sl^* ^mmm m m m CHINESE MENOF-WAR NEAR YANGHEA SE INFANTRY REGIMENT, WHICH IS IN ALONG THE SHORE FROM YANC .«».<*<»■< » <<» M «ii ^<»-te. .' 'IRING UPON A PORTION OF THE FIFTH F ISUIT OF THE CHINESE FUGITIVES 1 ATUN Towards weihai-wei. Q < O >< ^ D ci: ftS H < W " H Q < W < =^:.S5 Ig ^ IS ^ ^ 1 2^ ^ I i ' I i IgiSt^*? ^^1$: H o CO H Pi g H a I— I M B H O t— < > Pi %^^ m^m-^.m o s Q Hi C JiK H O Ig JSl^ iif ^ 1 $: li ;••« , a ^ ©^1«P mmm "*' °f THE TO*^* T;o*^ THE TORPEDO-BOAT No. 19. ■J*^^ DISCHARGING A TORPEDO. DISTURBANCE OF THE SURFACE BY THE MOVEMENT OF A TORPEDO THROUGH WATER. a ^^^ ^ ^mmm THE CHINESE MAN-OF-WAR " WEI- YUEN " LYING SUNK BEFORE THE PIER AT LIUKUNG ISLAND. IS ^ m^m:!^.m m 1^ ■^■1^^^-— — ■ ■'• ■■--''■■•-■--"" - x-x "^ • THE CHINESE MEN-OF-WAR FIRING IN REI OF THE JAPANESE TO THE ATTACK OF A PORTION FADRON. I 1 u f ^SlS^i? m^ M M^ c« 3 t o S si U I— I w H ig ^l^ J? ^ Sc V. ^ V4 -11- -w A A ^ ^ I . JL. n ^ + + m -b H H PP g m If »5^ •rr * _h M TU I& + t BT ^L a' I9J itil /]' m H )\ ^. -P TIT ^ f.* B K lilt «r S^ rfcr M T r!7 fJ^ S a i^ ^ 4- n jn # /j> i^ it& RE1 10 LO/ m mc. c RETURN TO the circulation desk of any University of California Library or to the NORTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY BIdg. 400, Richmond Field Station University of California Richmond, CA 94804-4698 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS • fj?'m1^1'°^"^ ""^y ^® '■^"^wed by calling (510)642-6753 • 1 -year loans may be recharged by bringing books to NRLF ^ • Renewals and recharges may be made 4 days prior to due date _5y^^SSIAMPED BELOW MAR 2 3 2003 DD20 15M 4-02 FORM NO. DD6A, /m, ^rriy ulmv clt. . (Bi LD 21A-50m-4,'59 (Al724sl0)476B ''D ;G(,4-: M169381 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA UBRARY