:. a :, i \:s. - COLONEL FOURTH NEW YORK HEAVT ARTILLERY, BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL U. 8. V C. T. DILLINGHAM, Publisher, 718 Broadway, New York. COPYRIGHT, 1890, BY HYLAND C. KIRK. BURR PRINTING HOUSE, FRANKFORT AND JACOB STS. , N. V. STACK ANNEX PREFACE. HAT the Rebellion which terminated a quarter of a century ago actually threatened the life of the nation, and that it was successfully en countered and conquered by the soldiers consti tuting the Union armies, goes without saying. The Fourth Regiment of New York Heavy Artillery participated in this work from near the beginning to the close of the war ; and as the recollections of that period are fading out of mind, and the surviving actors themselves passing away, it seems entirely proper that a permanent record of the regiment's career should be made. Steps in that direction were taken at a reunion of sur vivors of the regiment held at Canandaigua, N. Y., October 12th, 1886, and at subsequent meetings. (See Appendix.) There are certain advantages, doubtless, in delaying the preparation of this history until the present time. The smoke of the battle has now cleared away, the torch of war that fired the feelings has given place to peaceful influences and a calm realization of the conditions and circumstances of that period ; and if petty jealousies or private enmities existed within our own ranks, time, which heals all wounds and rectifies all wrong, has served to impress us with their comparatively trivial character, to increase our respect for the organization to which we belonged, and to unite us the more firmly in our adherence to one country and one flag. Believing that peace is the proper state of man and not war, and that a united country is the only means by which peace can be secured and maintained, we do not pride our selves so much upon the deeds achieved as upon the result obtained. For peace we fought, for peace many of the bravest among our numbers yielded up their lives, and for the sake of perpetuating that peace, of impressing those iv PREFACE. who come after us with the need of its maintenance, this record is attempted. Of the work itself, the effort has been to restrict the nar rative to an accurate account of the operations of the regi ment, introducing such general matters only as seem neces- s;iiy to a clear elucidation of its career. Anecdotes of an authentic and probable character have been freely intro duced,- constituting, as they frequently do, a part of legiti mate history, and serving to enliven the narrative. That it has been impossible to give the details of each individual' s course will be apparent, both from the difficulties of secur ing the data and from the size of the organization, which, as an artillery regiment, included, from December, 1861, to October, 1865, upward of thirty-eight hundred members. This has been to some extent accomplished, however, in Part Second of the volume, where the names of every man in the regiment, with a sketch of his life and services, as extensive as could be made from the facts furnished, will be found. The acknowledgments of the author are due to many members who have contributed data, quoted or referred to in the text, and also to the authorities at Washington and Albany, who have rendered material assistance in the preparation of the work. NEW YOKK, December 15, 1889. TE^*&f***.^r- tiHeBvyArtiJlery> CONTENTS. PART FIRST. CHAPTER. PAGE I. The Original Organization 9 II. Movement to the Capital 24 III. Across the Anacostia 31 IV. A Change of Base 36 V. Artillery Practice 47 VI. Defending the Capital 66 VII. Organization of the Third Battalion 87 VIII. In Pennsylvania 96 IX. New York The Draft Riots of 1863. 103 X. Consolidated...* 118 XI. Good-by, Cannon 137 XII. In the Wilderness the First Battalion 148 XIII. In the Wilderness the Second Battalion 170 XIV. In the Wilderness- the Third Battalion 183 XV. Spottsylvania 19* XVI. May 19th Batteries D, H, and K 217 XVII. At the North Anna 234 XVIII. At the Totopotomoy 248 XIX. Cold Harbor 257 XX. Crossing the James 270 XXI. The Halt at Petersburg 275 XXII. The Bombardment at the Mine Explosion 296 XXIII. Entrenched, Sharpshooting and Shelling 313 XXIV. Deep Bottom Hancock's Cavalry 327 XXV. Ream's Station An Unlucky Horseshoe 333 XXVI. In Winter Quarters 364 XXVII. Opening the Campaign of 1865 373 XXVIII. Sutherland's Station and the Final Pursuit 382 XXIX. Experiences of the Captured 398 XXX. From Burksville to Washington 419 XXXI. Consolidation of Regiments, and Muster Out 427 PART SECOND. SKETCHES OF OFFICERS AND MEN. Field and Staff Officers 435 Non-commissioned St.-iff . . . 462 11 CONTENTS. PACK Line Officers 464 Company A 478 B 494 C 508 D 525 E 544 P 557 G 571 H 587 I 604 K 615 L 629 M 644 Appendix ; Reunions of Regiment 658 LIST OF MAP6. Defences of Washington, showing Forts and Roads 27 Fort Ethan Allen 73 Gettysburg and Vicinity 99 Military Position South of the Potomac 138 Battle of the Wilderness 154 Spottsylvania 196 Streams Crossed in Campaign of 1864 .... 235 Battle-field of the North Anna 238 Battle-field of Cold Harbor 260 Siege of Petersburg 280 Deep Bottom 328 Battle of Ream's Station 341 Ream's Station 358 Richmond and Petersburg 365 Pursuit and Capture of the Confederate Army 383 Frank Denio's Map of Sutherland's Station 647 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Portrait of General John C. Tidball FRONTISPIECE Recruiting Office (Initial) 9 Company Letters 12-21 Camp Fire (Chapter-end) 30 Washington Bridges 39 Ancient Arms and Armor (Chapter-end) 44 CONTENTS. Ill PAGE Panoramic View of Washington and Vicinity in 1862 45 " What Do You Call this, Sir ?" 50 Artillery Practice 53 "Give Me the Old Shotgun Yet" 56 Artillery Practice with Parrott Pieces 59 Portrait of Major-General George B. McClellan 61 Fort Marcy (Looking in) 62 Fort Marcy (Looking out) 63 Inspection Through a Glass 64 Gallic Arms (Chapter-end) 65 Portrait of General G. A. De Russy") " Colonel T. D. Doubleday t 83 H. H. Hall Company Letters 92-3 Attack on Provost-Marshal 104 The Mob 106 Mob Chasing Negroes 107 Hanging Negroes 108 " A Desperate but Final Struggle " 116 Forts in New York Harbor 122 Washington in War Time 125 The Attack on Fort Ethan Allen . 135 Portrait of Brevet Brigadier-General Thomas Allcock ' " " " Captain T. C. Parkhurst " " " Adjutant H. J. Kopper " Lieutenant Colonel Frank Williams 142 " Brevet Captain M. E. Gordon " " " Major G. L. Morrison " Major T. D. Sears " " General Alexander Hays 155 " " Major-General John Sedgwick 164 " " Lieutenant James Walker 165 " " Major-General G. K. Warren 171 Crossing the Rapidan 172 Portrait of General James S. Wadsworth 178 " " Major-General W. S. Hancock 184 Second Corps Batteries in the Wilderness 190 Portrait of General Ulysses Doubleday " " Brevet Major Theodore Price " " Lieutenant Ulysses D. Eddy " " Brevet Major William B. Knower F. B. Littlefleld " " Lieutenant William M. Waterbury " " Captain E. C. Knower " " Lieutenant William A. Flint " " Captain John B. Vandeweile " " Lieutenant Michael J. Lee 225 After (he Battle. . 230 207 IV CONTENTS. Portrait of Major Edward F. Young " " Lieutenant Horace E. Kimball " " H. W. Hayden " " " William Barnes " " Major William B. Barnes " " Lieutenant H. D. McNaughton " " First Sergeant Joseph Hulse Thomas Smith " Lieutenant T. S. Wallace " " T. N. Marcotte " " " William S. Ball " " G. W. Mears ' T. A. Bailey " " Brevet Major Rodney Dexter " W. C. Furrey " " Captain Charles Morrison " " Quartermaster J. H. Thorp " " Lieutenant E. C. Clarke " " Brevet Major Nathan S. Wood " " Lieutenant H. G. Harris " " First Sergeant August T. Wilder " " " " Oscar Knapp " " Lieutenant Edgar W. Dennis George W. Bemis " " Captain Henry L. Smith " " " George W. Ingalls " " Lieutenant S. W. Doubleday " " Frank C. Filley Abner Seeley W. C. Bartholomew M. J. Nolan " " General Philip H. Sheridan " " Major H. T. Lee " " Lieutenant William C. Edmonston D. D. McPherson H. L. Kelly " " Brevet Major J. H. Wood " " Lieutenant George W. Young " " Captain Richard Kennedy " " Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel D. F. Hamlink " " Lieutenant N. C. Parshall E. O. Gates , Tidball's Batteries at Cold Harbor Figure from Curtain in the Shelton House Portrait of Captain D. K. Smith Jones " " Surgeon Hartwell C. Tompkins The Bombardment at the Mine Explosion Portrait of Captain A. C. Brown 239 249 253 265 268 269 279 291 303 307 CONTENTS. V PAGE The Army Mule (Chapter-end) 332 Ream's Station Position of the Fourth New York Artillery 345 Portrait of Captain James M. McKeel 350 " *' Major William Arthur 355 " " Lieutenant Frank L. Burdick 359 Going to Work on the Forts at Night 368 Portrait of General A. A. Humphreys 374 " " " Nelson A. Miles 375 " " Sergeant James Bogan 385 " " " FrankDenio 391 " " Colonel Robert Nugent 396 " " " Seward F. Gould (Opposite) 396 The Grand Review 423 Portrait of Major Henry E. Richmond 429 Dismounted Cannon (End-piece) 434 The Muse of History (Initial Letter, Part Second) 435 Portrait of Dr. C. P. Lawrence"! " " " M. J.Davis " " " A. F. Mudie r ' George Bayles " " " William M. Hendrickson. . 456 " Lieutenant W. D. Herrick 458 " " Lieutenant W. C. B. Gray 1 " " Chaplain William H. Carr " " Lieutenant Edward Wheeler " " Brevet Colonel S.P.Corliss C 463 " Lieutenant M. V. B. Aiken " " " Thomas Delanoy William H. Burt 465 Charles H. Burghardt..' 465 " " Captain H. L. Carpenter 466 " " Lieutenant George Chichester 466 J. C. Crombie 466 Ichabod Flanagan 467 O. L. Dearborn 467 " " Captain A. S. Eddy 467 " Lieutenant H. C. Kirk 470 J. D. McNeil 472 " " Captain J. W. Sweetman 473 Captain E. A. Tudor at Fort Bennett 474 Portrait of Lieutenant William L. Thurber 475 William E. Van Name 475 George H. Warner 476 William H. Winans. 477 " Sergeant I. N. Teed " " Corporal W. H. Sweetman " Alonzo A. Knapp f"' " " Corporal Louis Deion J VI CONTENTS. Portrait of Sergeant V. E. Horton Theodore Quick " " Lieutenant N. B. Lynes " Corporal William E. Kniffln " " Sergeant George E. Northey " " Matthew Quinu " " James H. Lyon ' " " David Rogers " Edward A. Teed " " Albert Bunyea " " First Sergeant Harrison Totten " " Silas Haviland " " Jarvis Cole 480 " " Sergeant James Hyatt 483 " Edgar Hitt 484 " J. T. Lockwood 485 " E. B. A. Miller 487 " W. H. H. Miller 487 " " Sergeant Mills Reynolds 489 " James H. Still 490 " L. H. Secor 490 " Sergeant C. E. Wright " L. E. Gallahue " Corporal S. B. Weeks " Star V. Totten " " Sergeant Anthony Wallard " " Lieutenant J. W. Nixon S. I. More " " Jacob Snyder " " Thaddeus Laymon " "First Sergeant James Barr " "A.S.Thomas f " " Isaac McKeever " " James Porter " " George L. Andrus " A. E. Borthwick ". 496 " William C. Oakley. 503 " John H. Snyder 505 " Sergeant J. N. Wright 507 " " Daniel Torpy " " R. T. Miller " " John Dailey " " John Bradley " " John F. Phillips } 508 " " Hugh McPhillips " " Andrew Beattie " " W. D. Robinson " " Nelson Moore CONTENTS. Vll PAGE Portrait of Patrick A. Corey ^ " " Patrick Boyle " " E. R. Dusenbury " George Deitz ' " " E. C. Smith " " O. T. Hubbell Off Picket. G. S. Farwell. James Beckwith 513 Portrait of Corporal B. L. Keelar 515 " " Daniel E. Keyes 516 Halt at the Sally-port, J. B. Wilder, J. H. Bishop, and Sergeant L. J. McVicker 517 Portrait of W. D. Milliken 518 " " William D. Robinson 520 " Sergeant A. R. Walker " " James F. Debeau " " R. M. Reed " " L. B. Hawley V ... 524 " " W. D. Brouson " " Corporal Nelson Moore " " Sergeant J. W. Martin j " " Corporal F. S. Cooley 528 " " A. J. Downing 529 " " Ira W. Lockwood 535 " " Corporal J. H. Mead 536 " " Lieutenant Richard Price " " Gabriel Zabriskie " " Sergeant Abram Stoothoff Patrick Farrell 544 " " James Mullen " " Sergeant Garret Tyson S. C. Van Houghton . " Wra. H. Beasley 545 The Mahoney Brothers John, Dennis, Michael 552 Portrait of Sergeant Joseph Aspinall "j " " Corporal John H. Dunn i- 557 " " John H. Sanders " " Sergeant Charles W. Brewer 558 " " Thomas G. Stenson 569 " " Israel L. Emerson 575 " " First Sergeant T. A. Theban") " " Sergeant David B. Jones " "E.W.Burge j " " Sergeant G. W. Brownell j " " Wellington Beecher 588 " " Sergeant Herman J. Eddy 591 " " " J.C.Jones 594 " " Corporal A. H. Reed .' 598 " " William O. Babcock. . 605 Vlll CONTENTS. 615 Portrait of Sergeant Samuel Beswick " " " Charles H. Gascoigne " " " W. H. Boyce " " " Corp'l M. A. Smith " " Philo Warner '. 627 Trains of Second Corps, Guarded by Company L 629 Portrait of Edward Holland 635 " Col. Seward F. Gould " " John A. Lewis " " Chas. H. Marcy " " Lt. Thos. Murphy " " Chas. Osgood " Wm. H. Smith " " Chas. H. Robinson " " John H. Smith " " H. C. Kirk " " Frank Denio " " Wm. J. Casey " " Almon Stotenbur " Richard Rudd " W. H. Boughton '. 645 " "S.P.Putnam 652 "C.H.Robinson 653 " Ellery C. Deyo " J. R. Frary " " Geo. Cross " " Henry B. Rowley Second Annual Reunion at Rochester. . . 659 644 655 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. A HISTORY OF THE FOURTH NEW YORK HEAVY ARTILLERY. PART FIRST. - \~~ CHAPTER I. THE ORIGINAL ORGAN IZATION. N the office of Ches ter A. Arthur, at that time Quartermaster- General on the staff of Governor E. D. Morgan, some time in the month of October, 1861, three young men were discussing the war and the military situation. One of these was William Arthur, a brother of the late President, another was Henry J. Kopper, at that time em ployed in the Quartermaster's office, and the third Lieuten ant Henry H. Hall, somewhat older than the other two, who had served in a Mississippi regiment with General Tay lor's division during the Mexican War. The conversation turned on the expediency of entering a* 10 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. the military service. The need of more troops was appar ent. The quota of New York under the President's call of April 15th had been filled, but the required number had not been entirely raised under the call of May and July for five hundred thousand men. The various branches of the service were discussed, and as they could rely upon the co-operation of Major Thomas Allcock, at that time Aide-de-camp to General Gates, com manding the New York Volunteer Depot, they decided to avail themselves of their opportunity in organizing a select body of troops for the artillery branch of the service. It happened about this time that letters were received by the Adjutant-General of the State, from the Secretary of War and General McClellan, authorizing Mr. Thomas D. Doubleday to raise and organize a regiment of heavy artil lery ; and under this authority they decided to act and as sist in securing the requisite number of men for the pro posed regiment. Following is the official order : HEADQUARTERS STATE OF NEW YORK, ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, ALBANY, November 1, 1861. SPECIAL ORDERS, No. 465. In accordance with tae recommendation of General Mc Clellan and the request of the Secretary of War, Mr. T. D. Doubleday is hereby authorized to raise and organize a force of heavy artillery of not more than a regiment of eight companies and not less than one company for such service as they may be assigned to by the War Department. Mr. Doubleday will report from time to time to this De partment the progress of the organization. By order of the Commander-in-Chief. To GENERAL ALLCOCK, A. D. C. of General Charles Gates, Comd'g Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Twelfth Militia. The Fourth New York Artillery was originally known as Doubleday' s Artillery, and subsequently as the First New York Heavy Artillery. The Adjutant-General having de cided to number the artillery regiments without reference THE ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION. 11 to the distinctions of light and heavy ordnance, and there being a First Regiment of light artillery already organized, the regimental number was changed to the Fourth. Under the proclamation of the President, the regiment, consisting originally of eight companies, was called into the service of the United States for the period of three years from Decem ber 13th, 1861. The following shows the muster-roll of the original field and staff : NAMES. Rank. Age. Joined for Duty and Enrolled. When. Where. By Whom En rolled. Period. Doubleday, Thomas D . . Hall, Henry H Colonel. Lieut. -Col. Major. Adjutant. Q-M. Surgeon. Asst. Surg. 45 45 45 37 27 44 Nov. 1, '61. " 14, '61. " 14, '61. Jan. 6, '62. " 3, '62. Dec. 27, '61. New York. M It .1 3 years. n it Col. Doubleday. it it It U It tl It It II II Allcock, Thomas Doubleday, Ulysses Mears, G. Washington.. Thorp, J. Henry Berky, Reese B....- ... Bayles, George All the field and staff officers were mustered into the United States service during the months of December and January by Captain F. S. Lamed, Twelfth U. S. Infantry. At this time two companies, consisting of about one hun dred and twenty men, who had been organized for cavalry and lying at Quarantine Barracks, Staten Island, had joined a regiment known as the First United States Lancers, with headquarters at Camp Adamson on the Hunter Fly Road,. Brooklyn. They were a fine body of volunteers and had already distinguished themselves at Quarantine Barracks in a little engagement with Colonel Paul Frank's Fifty- second New York Regiment, six hundred strong. They took their meals with this regiment in the same eating- house adjoining the barracks ; and although each man's place at table had been allotted, the Fifty-second, presuming- on their superior numbers, kept encroaching upon the space* assigned the two companies. After this aggression had continued until forbearance ceased to be a virtue, one dav, * " headed by Ben Dickens, a herculean soldier, who was ably 12 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. supported by fifty other stalwarts, the entire command fol lowing, they made a grand charge on the six hundred. The eating-house resembled a pandemonium for a few min utes, with missiles of a most unique character, including tin plates, cups, hot beans, boiled pork, mush, etc., flying in all directions. The Fifty-second gave way and fled in disorder. " Then they came back, but not, Not the ' six hundred.' " An armistice resulted, after which the rights of all were rigidly observed. The Lancers were being organized by a Polish exile, one Colonel Smolinski, whom some of the officers soon charac terized as more of a stick than a Pole. Among the other officers were Colonel Graham, Majors Urban and Taffe, and Captain Maluski. Trouble ensued in the organization, and the First United States Lancers disbanded, Colonel Samuel Graham becoming Colonel of the Fifth New York Artillery, Major Urban joining the same organization, and the two companies, which had been organized as Troops A and B of the Lancers, w r ere secured for Colonel Doubleday's artillery and accordingly returned to Staten Island, taking quarters at Port Richmond, as Companies A and B of the First Artillery. The organization of the companies will be con sidered in detail. MAJORITY of the original members of Company A were enrolled in Putnam, Westchester, and Dutchess counties. Of the total number ninety enrolled, four teen were from Brewster's, thirty-seven from Groton, eight from Pawling, six from New York City, and twelve from Paterson. Of these, twenty-one were enrolled by H. T. Lee, thirty-two by T. D. Sears, thirteen by Frank Williams, and fourteen by Martin Van Buren Aiken. The company was mustered by F. S. Lamed, Captain in the Twelfth In fantry, at Port Richmond. It was thought a little severe on the boys that they should be compelled to find quarters THE ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION. 13 in a barn while on fetaten Island, and yet there were times subsequently when they would have gladly paid a dollar apiece per night for as comfortable accommodations. The following were the original company officers : Thomas D. Sears, Captain ; Henry T. Lee, First Lieutenant ; Frank Williams, Second Lieutenant ; Martin V. B. Aiken, Orderly Sergeant ; James M. McKeel, First Sergeant ; Elbert S. Washburn, Second Sergeant ; Henry W. Hayden, Third Sergeant ; Benjamin Dickens, Fourth Sergeant ; Oscar Dearborn, First Corporal ; Oscar Knapp, Second Corporal ; Isaac N. Teed, Third Corporal ; Alonzo A. Knapp, Fourth Corporal ; Theodore Quick, Fifth Corporal ; John W. Sweet-man, Sixth Corporal. The rank and file of the original muster-in were : Thomas Aked, Theodore L. Baker, Arthur D. Bailey, Joseph Burke, James C. Bogan, Stephen D. Butler, Amos W. Butler, Martin Britto, Edward Bland, Peter Carr, George Clements, Lindon J. Cowl, Alexander Collard, Norman Davis, Ephraim Davis, Patrick Cronin, Lewis G. Cree, Charles Davis, Louis Deion, Alexander Degolyer, Stepha- niah Denny, Samuel F. Dickens, Shedrach Dingel, William E. Doane, William Donnell, Henry Drews, George Dum- bard, Horace Eastwood, Sutton A. Ganning, Silas Haviland, Henry C. Hatter, George H. Hubbard, Elbert S. Hynard, William H. Knapp, Mitchel B. Knapp, John Knapp, Will iam E. Kniffin, Abram Kennedy, Freeman Light, Thomas Lane, Bernard McNally, James McDonald, William McDon nell, James Morey, Charles Mosier, Patrick McGlocklin, George Northey, Elijah Penny, Nathan Penny, Norman B. Purdy, Theodore Price, James P. Rogers, Lewis B. Rogers, Edwin Rockwell, Robert A Reynolds, George S. Robinson, David Reed, Joseph Sprague, Emerson See, Daniel Scott, David H., Terrill, Joseph H. Turk, Harrison Totten, Star V. Totten, William H. Totten, William B. Tryon, John S. Trowbridge, Daniel Townsend, Alonzo Townsend, Augustus Thomas, George Vanderburg, John W. Washburn, Merritt Washburn, Isaac S. Wallace, Elijah Wilson, Elbert Wilson, George W. Wixon, James Wynn, William H. Wilcox, Moses Waters, Moses Y. Wilson, George R. Wixon. 14 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. COMPANY, which had been also tempo rarily organized as Lancers, was raised in the southeastern and river counties of the State ; three of the members being from Blenheim, one from Conesville, and thirty-four from Gilboa, Schoharie Coun ty ; six from Moresville, and one from Roxbury, Delaware County ; five from West Troy, Albany County ; seventeen from Brooklyn, seven from New York City, and eleven from Staten Island. Twelve recruits were enrolled by Captain Morrison, ten by Lieutenant Morrison, ten by Major Casper Urban, and fifty- seven by Lieutenant Yandewiele. The work of recruiting was continued from September to December. Captain Yandewiele gives an account of a somewhat re markable inarch he made with some thirty recruits from Gilboa, across the Hudson River in the latter month, on the ice. It was very cold and the wind was hilarious, sweeping down the river with a force which seemed irresistible. They did not realize this till they were some rods from the west shore, when they were struck by a gust mingled with fine snow which brought the whole company to the ice en masse. Their onward course became a battle with the elements, and they found the only way to escape defeat and serious consequences from the freezing cold was to drop on their hands when the enemy charged, and to make a rush when the lull came. In this way they reached the east shore and the depot, though not without some white-tipped noses and ears. The original officers of Company B were Charles Morri son, Captain ; John B. Yandewiele and Henry G. Harris, First Lieutenants ; Gardiner L. Morrison and William E. Yan Namee, Second Lieutenants. Sergeants : Aldelbert E. Driggs, George Chichester, Abram Shoemaker, Howard G. Wakeman, Burton Tomp- kins, Jacob Shoemaker, Stephen D. Soules. Corporals : William C. Furrey, Samuel J. More, Frederick Yan Segger, Arthur H. Farquher. THE ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION. 15 Those originally mustered as privates were : Francis C. Ames, George L. Andrus, Lewis Bailey, Alex ander Borthwick, Samuel Batty, Charles M. Bowers, Will iam E. Brendle, Frederick Brinkman, James Bennett, Sil vester Clapper, Patrick Colgan, Homer De Silva, Henry De Silva, Henry Dibble, C. D. Duncan, Benjamin Fanning, Alfred Fickel, Stephen Finch, James Gannoir, Robert Getty, John Henry Gow, Edward Grove, S. D. Habble, Ros- coe Harris, James Hanlon, Walter S. Hay, William H. Hay, \Villiam Hayes, John L. Jenkins, John Johnson, George Kolsch, Francis G. Lawyer, Thaddeus Laymon, Winslow P. Lemily, George Lemily, Samuel Lemily, Anthony Lon- drush, Anthony Mangle, Vanthem Magle, Bernard Mangan, Patrick Mangan, Thomas C. Maham, Thomas McAdam, John McHugh, Henry Monroe, Joseph Monroe, Martin Mosher, John Muller, Patrick Murphy, Hiram T. Oakly, William C. Oakley, Eri P. Oakley, Alvah M. Peck, James W. Porter, Martin Richtmyer, Marcus Richtmyer, Henry T. Rogers, James Ryan, Willard Scehmerhorn, George J. Siemon, Henry Siemon, George Shaefer, Whited Silleck, Amos Silver, Henry Y. Steele, George Strack, Ferdinand Smidt, Charles Saxe, Sidney Thomas, Felix Timmons, Alexander Vanloan, Frederick Yanderheide, Christian Wohlero, Michael Welch, John W. Weismer, Melbourne Weismer, Wilber White, Nathan M. Wilcox, John W. Wright. COMPANY was originally recruited at Rochester, for the Ira Harris Cavalry. When the company reached New York City it was found that the cavalry regi ment had its full complement of com panies. The proposition was made to break up the organization and distribute the members among the other companies of the cavalry regiment This proposition w r as not accepted, however, the officers and a majority of the men preferring to retain the organization and go into Colonel Doubleday's Regiment of Heavy Artillery. Of the seventy-nine members of the orig- 16 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. inal company twenty-one were from Rochester, thirteen from Scottsville, sixteen from Oswego, four from Mumford, two from Geneseo, six from Hornellsville, and the re mainder from other small towns in the vicinity of Roches ter. Seven joined the company at Port Richmond. The recruiting was chiefly done by Captain W. B. Barnes, Lieu tenants Wood and MoNaoghton, and Sergeants Lansing and McPherson. The following is the original list of officers : W. B. Barnes, Captain ; James H. Wood, First Lieutenant ; Adelbert S. Eddy, Second Lieutenant ; H. D. McNaughton, Second Lieutenant ; D. F. Hamlink, First Ser geant ; George J. Lansing, Second Sergeant ; D. D. Mc Pherson, Third Sergeant ; James Walker, Fourth Sergeant ; James H. Bishop, First Corporal ; Norman L. Oakley, Second Corporal ; George W. Shadbolt, Third Corporal ; William H. Burt, Fourth Corporal ; F. G McElroy, Fifth Corporal ; AYilliam Rolson, Sixth Corporal ; John Haw kins, Seventh Corporal. The following privates were mustered : Alexander F. Ball, Edgar Barber, Patrick Barry, Lyman Bloss, Jedediah Burger, Lowery Blackburn, J. W. Carley, Theodore Covert, Solomon R. Carley, Henry S. Crane, Peter Cain, John I. Doane, James H. Decker, Michael Fitzgerald, Lucius A. Farnsworth, William Grow, Abner Green, Rich ard Handee, John Hoyt. E. H. Hyde, James Hughes, David Huftelin, James J. Jackson, Chester R. Knapp, Michael Kelly, L. A. Lyon, William McMillen, Robert McMillen, Frank Munson, Michael McCabe, J. D. F. McNaughton, Louis J. McYicker, William Marsh, James Moore, Hugh Mc- Philips, Romanta T. Miller, Aaron Nixson, Thomas Nolan, Lindorf A. Nott, George Northy, James O'Donahue, Henry Ott, Benjamin Parmeter, Joseph Patterson, Joseph Pageot, Patrick Powers, John F. Phillips, Peter Pero, Daniel Quinn, John Quinn, Silas W. Robinson, Thomas Reardon, AVilliam C. Smith, Henry Steinberger, John W. Smith, Arthur Simpson, Daniel V. Scott, Elijah Tracy, Arthur Tracy, Newton Taplin, Thomas H. Turnbridge, John E. Trunbridge, Alphonzo Underwood, George Van Wormer, James M. Weldon, Artificer. THE ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION. 17 COMPANY, which in the outset was also designed for cavalry, was recruited large ly in Saratoga County, N. Y. ; fifty-three of the members having been enrolled at Ballston Spa, one at Batchellerville, eleven at West Day, three at Northville, three at Edinburg, and eighteen on Staten Island. The enrolling officers were Cap tain George W. Ingalls, Sergeants McLean and Ayers. The following is the original list of officers : George W. Ingalls, Captain ; Frank C. Fil- ley, First Lieutenant ; W. C. Bryant Gray, First Lieuten ant ; W. Malcolm Waterbury, Second Lieutenant ; D. K. Smith Jones, Second Lieutenant ; Ashel W. Potter, First Sergeant ; Abram G. Bradt, Second Sergeant ; Jonas B. McLean, Third Sergeant ; Edwin R. Ingalls, Fourth Ser geant ; William Bradt, Fifth Sergeant ; William H. Sher man, First Corporal ; Arnold T. Ayers, Second Corporal ; John Walls, Third Corporal ; Marcus Burras, Fourth Cor poral ; William A. Hunt, Fifth Corporal ; Moses Lewis, Sixth Corporal ; Henry P. Perry, Seventh Corporal ; John B. Jones, Eighth Corporal. The remaining enlisted men were : Charles H. Adams, Charles Adams, Thomas Anders, Bra- man Ayers, Jr. ; William A. Armstrong, George H. Bradt, Daniel A. Bortell, Thomas C. Black, Ira J. Barber, Edwin Bishop, Albert P. Blood, William Bortell, Franklin R. Brown, Vernando W. Bruce, Richard Bills, John Barrett, Thomas Brady, Henry Barkley, Alexander Chricton, Charles T. Cromwell, James W. Cromwell, Patrick H. Casey, John Clome, Henry C. De Long, Gordon Dimmick, Isaac De Forest, James B. Douglass, James Daniels, George Dickerson, James H. Dennis, Elihu Ellis, Gilbert F. Ed- mond, Samuel Fensworth, John Fredericks, Charles H. Fair banks, John B. Ford, Robert Fox, Joseph Garry, William Hall, Martin Hunter, Henry T. Harkness, John Howard, Charles Herrick, Charles D. Herrick, Emery L. Hofman, Edward B. Kenyon, John E. Lansing, James Lynch, Jacob Lansing, Lewis Lane, Philo R. Lawrence, George C. Low- 18 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. ery, David Miller, E. Wilson Milliman, John McGuire, James P. Miller, Charles Massy, James McLean, Lorenzo Mason, Charles W. Newman, Michael Normile, Abijah Ovell, Mahlon Robinson, George Ralph, William Smith, Martin V. Sheffer, Benjamin Severance, Harris T. Slocnm, Willetus Taft, John W. Vanarnum, George Walker, Alonzo M. Weatherwax, William Weatherwax, Sidney R. Wolfe, Charles Willoughby, William Webb, Charles H. Wells, Vil- ery West, John White, Arthur Whitney. COMPANY was recruited in December, 1861, and January, 1862, by Captain Al ston, Lieutenant Young, and Recruiting Officer Terrell. The men of the company possessed the strong lungs and muscular build usually resulting from an active life on the water. They were chiefly fisher men and boatmen residing on Staten Island, where Captain Alston at that time lived. Ten were from Cohoes, Albany County. The following is the original list of officers : Japhet Alston, Captain ; George W. Mears, First Lieutenant ; William C. Jackson, First Lieutenant ; George W. Young, Second Lieutenant ; Henry L. Smith, Second Lieutenant ; William Young, First Sergeant ; Michael J. Nolan, Second Sergeant ; Garrett Tyson, Third Sergeant ; Elihu P. Hedenberg, Fourth Sergeant ; Charles Bates, First Corporal ; Charles W. Webster, Second Cor poral ; John Mullen, Third Corporal. Following is the original list of privates : Hugh Brady, John H. Bleauvelt, Joseph Baker, William Beasley, Henry Beachen, William H. Booth, James Ban- non, Theodore Crowle, Charles Cole, William Conner, Henry Cowles, John Clark, Henry Coddington, John M. Crocker, John Campbell, John Downey, Henry E. Decker, Vincent Decker, Abraham Decker, Lafayette Decker, James H. Decker, Thomas Depew, Bernard Dougherty, Bartholomew Dillon, Albert Dunn, William Fasshaber, Patrick Farrell, James Flynn, Matthew Fagan, Edward H. Green, John H. THE ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION. 19 Genmore, Timothy Hickey, William Heines, William Hunt er, Joseph F. Hill, James A. Ingalls, James E. Kirk, John Knox, Jeremiah Kellerer, William Liske, Patrick Learny, James Mullen, Edward Moore, Matthias Moore, Henry E. Moore, John G. Martin, Thomas Murphy, Robert J. Mat thews, John Merrill, Morritz Mendleshon, Bernard Mullen, Dennis Mahoney, Bernard McKenna, Richard A. Price, William Pangborn, John Parker, Thomas Rudds, Henry Raythen, James Riley, Thomas Ryan, Thomas S. Stillwell, Abraham B. Sharrott, James H. Sharrott, Thomas Sharrott, Timothy Sullivan, Abraham Stoothoff, William Taffay, William Vaughan, George Van Pelt, Samuel Van Houten, Gabriel Zibriski. COMPANY, with the exception of twelve members, was raised originally in New York City, eleven of the remaining twelve being enrolled on Staten Island. Captain Tudor was chief recruiting officer. The following is the original list of officers : Edward A. Tudor, Captain ; William Rim- mer, First Lieutenant ; Henry J. Kopper, Second Lieutenant ; Richard Kennedy, Second Lieutenant ; Thomas A. Baily, First Sergeant ; Harvey L. Carpenter, Second Sergeant- ; Thomas Wilson, Third Sergeant ; William H. Hatch, Fourth Sergeant ; Edward Hartley, First Corporal ; Larry O'La- han, Second Corporal ; John Williams, Third Corporal. The privates were : Peter Bracken, James Brady, Luke Boy Ian, William Bur ton, William Barnes, Charles W. Brower, William W. Brit ten, Isaiah Brower, David Conklin, G. L. Clayton, Richard Dorre, John Donohoe, Peter Dailey, John Dailey, John A. Dunn, John Flanagan, Thomas Flemming, Robert Freeland, Patrick Foley, Christopher Gegan, Roger Gordon, George A. Gude, Moses Harris, William Hayden, John Hoyt, Joseph W. Hulse, John Haggerty, John Heidenrich, James John son, William H. Jones, John Jennings, Roswell Lombard, William Leslie, Henry Leslie, Thomas Lynch, John Law- 20 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. renson, John Ling, Nelson Layton, John V. Layton, Josiah Layton, Horace G. Mongeyor, William McCrackin, George McGomery, John McDonnell, Borden McGinty, Samuel McChesney, Joseph Mount, Patrick Mack, Patrick McMahon, James L. Newman, Abram R. Newman, Michael O 1 Donnelly, Henry Ott, A. J. Peck, James Quinn, Patrick Riley, Peter Reeling, Thomas Ryan, John Ryan, Abner Smith, Thomas Smith, Thomas Smith, Benjamin W. Sharp, John H. Saunders, George W. Sanford, Stephen Streeter, William Scott, J. L. Tompkins, William R. Tyrell, Edward Yogel, John Van Outersterp, James H. Wilson, William \V. Wyncoop, T. H. Wait. COMPANY was not raised till the summer of 1862, when it was recruited in New York City as a light battery. Five of the original mem bers came from Rondout, Ulster County. Captain Young and Lieutenants Kimball and Horn were the recruiting officers. Following is the original roster of company officers : Edward F. Young, Captain ; Horace E. Kimball, First Lieutenant ; Daniel T. Horn, Second Lieutenant ; Felix Franck, First Sergeant ; James B. Smith, Second Sergeant ; George E. Palmer, Third Sergeant ; John Hartley, Fourth Sergeant ; Daniel Cole, Quartermaster- Sergeant ; John Wols- ley, First Corporal ; James McNamel, Second Corporal ; Thomas Smith, Third Corporal ; Joseph Howe, Fourth Corporal. Company G joined the regiment at Fort Corco ran, Va., in October, 1862. The rank and file originally mustered were : John Adams, Edward Anderson, William Austin, John Baker, Charles Barley, William Bartels, George Bassett, Thomas Bergen, Elias Bernhardt, Francis Burns, Richard Carey, Peter Carlin, Pierre Carrie, Timothy Collins, Joseph Conklin, Bernard Connolly, John Cunningham, Michael Dougherty, James Dovetan, Michael Fedan, James Foley, Lester C. Gardner, Richard Gibney, Charles Gray, Michael J. Griffin, Lorenzo H. P. Grover, John Hag- gerty, John Harrington, James Heden, James Henderson, THE ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION. 21 John Herdman, Michael Hogan, Isaac Jacobs, Thomas John son, William H. Johnson, Charles Kaul, William Kehol, Otto Kenkel, Patrick Kirk, John Leary, Thomas Mangan, Alexander McAdory, Patrick McDennott, Patrick Mc- Gowan, James McGuire, Jacob E. Meyer, Henry Mier, James Miller, Filghinan H. Miller, John Minton, Hezekiah Morse, Stephen Murphy, James Murtangle, Francis Myers, Jeremiah O' Brien, John 0' Connell, Henry Owens, Lawrence Raine, Edward Reilly, William Sanderson, John Saunders, James Scannell, Lawrence Schell, Henry Simpson, John Smith, William Stephenson, Thomas Tindell, Samuel S. Van Blarcum, John Wenenberg, Charles Williams, Richard York. COMPANY, of which George Bliss, Jr., was the first captain, was made of two detachments. The one recruited in the counties of Albany and Saratoga, and the other at Canandaigua, Ontario County. A majority of the members were farmers. The following is the original list of offi cers : George Bliss, Jr., Captain, detached on Governor Morgan' s staff as Assistant Adjutant- General ; Edgar W. Dennis, First Lieutenant Com manding ; William Arthur, Jr., First Lieutenant ; George W. Bemis, Second Lieutenant ; Edward C. Knower, Second Lieutenant. Sergeants : Cuyler W. Edmonston, George H. Warner, Herman J. Eddy, Lewis L. Lincoln, Stephen Dietz. Cor porals : Louis Holberton, Elijah F. Locke, John Wheat, William B. Lyke. The privates were : Mangle Anthony, Richard Bills, William Brooks, Fred erick Blaise, John Barrett, Charles M. Bowers, James Ben nett, William Brindle, Edward Bland, Amos N. Butler, Stephen D. Butler, Arthur D. Bailey, Benjamin Bourdon, John F. Bruso, Jedediah Burgon, Solomon R. Carley, James Conner, James W. Douglass, James Daniels, George Dickerson, James H. Dennis, William E. Doane, Thomas 22 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. Dunn, Francis H. Dickens, Gilbert T. Emmonds, Owen Egan, William Fitzsimmons, William Ferguson, Edward Grove, Peter Gotien, Louis Gerome, James Gannon, Charles F. Gilbert, John Hoyt, James Hughes, George Hubbard, William Hayes, Emory L. Hoffman, Charles D. Herrick, Charles Herrick, John Johnson, Alfred Jickel, George W. Jackson, Michael Kelly, Thomas Katny, Abraham Kennedy, Johanes Muller, Patrick Murray, Thomas McAdam, Charles Massay, John McGuire, Thomas McCreeden, Michael Nor- mil, Abijah Ovett, Patrick Quinn, Mahlon Robinson, Thomas Reardon, Anthony 0. Reilly, Arthur Simpson, Joseph Sprague, George Strack, James Stevens, Treflier Santon, Robert Toben, David J. Torrell, George N. Wixon, Moses J. Wixon, Franklin Wowgar, Christopher Wohlers. The first pay was received by the regiment at Port Richmond, and the day, or more exactly the night, was made memorable by what became known as the Duffy raid. No one had the right to sell fire-water in that vicinity, but the indications were that afternoon that a great deal of it was being sold, and some of the boys, it was discovered, had lost not only their sense, but all their money. This loss was asserted to have occurred in Duffy's saloon near the dock, and so a self-appointed committee visited the place and the saloon men being unwilling to give any satisfac tion, they proceeded to smash the lamps and pitched the bar, with most of the other furniture, into the dock. A curi ous thing about these proceedings was that no one in the regiment seemed to have had any hand in it. On February 5th, 1862, the regiment then stationed at Camp Ward, Port Richmond, Staten Island, was inspected by the Adjutant-General of the State. It then numbered six hundred and ten men, and arrayed in new artillery uniforms they presented a very creditable appearance. After the inspection Colonel Bliss presented Colonel T. D. Doubleday, in behalf of the officers of the regiment, with a horse fully caparisoned for service. In making the presen tation Colonel Bliss said : " Colonel Doubleday, in behalf of the officers under your command, I present you with this horse fully equipped for THE ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION. 23 the field. It is unnecessary to tell what great deeds you are expected to accomplish together. But I feel assured that you will shed new lustre on the honored name you bear, and when the guns of Fort Sumter again open their fire on the doomed city of Charleston, may the name of Doubleday shine as bright then as it did on the former oc casion." (Great applause.) The band then struck up the " Star- Spangled Banner," after which Colonel Doubleday responded as follows : ' : This is the proudest moment of my life. I cannot find words to speak the emotions that fill my heart. To Lieu tenant-Colonel Hall, who has served his country on the blood-stained fields of Mexico, and to the gallant and cour teous Major Allcock, I am indebted for the splendid body of men I have the honor to command ; and, in conclusion, I would say that we have marching orders, and shall start for Washington in one week." (Applause.) Lieutenant-Colonel H. H. Hall and Majors Allcock and Doubleday were present, an until broad daylight, or until the sentinel can see the sur rounding country and distinguish the movement of anybody over its surface. The Forty-seventh Regiment New York State Militia was ordered to report to me for duty, but as the regiment num bered only two hundred and fifty-four, the order was coun termanded by the General, who promises to send a larger regiment of infantry, if possible, to-morrow. A telegraphic operator is here. Signal Officer at Mun- son's Hill reports Swain's Cavalry (Scott's nine hundred) on duty as patrols between Fort Albany, Bailey's Cross roads, Falls Church, Munson's Hill. Ball's Cross-roads, etc. 86 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. The detachment assigned to our line (twenty) are well posted and connect with the detachment of same regiment below. Yours truly, H. H. HALL, Colonel Commanding. A sample expedition is also indicated in the following report : HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES, SOUTH OF THE POTOMAC, July 13, 1863. Lieutenant-Colonel Taylor, Assistant Adjutant-General, Department of Washington : On receipt of your communication of the llth inst., I sent a letter to Colonel Hall, commanding at Fort Ethan Allen, who sent about two hundred infantry and fifteen cavalry, as many troops as he could spare, to Mrs. Jones's farm. They remained out all night, but no traces of any enemy were found, not even a horse track, and reliable citizens in that neighborhood had no intelligence of any rebels being in the vicinity. Very respectfully, G. A. DEK.USSY, Brigadier-General Commanding. All through the season of 1863 it seemed necessary to sleep with one eye open, in view of a possible raid of the enemy's cavalry ; and the details for picket and outpost duty from the regiment were very large. Some of the boys thought, however, that solid fighting would be preferable to the anxiety incurred. Passing events were scanned closely. General Burnside's command fought the battle of Fredericksburg, and as a result General Hooker superseded him ; then the latter tried his fortune upon nearly the same ground to meet a similar fate. Important victories were also heard of in the West, and the artillerymen were grow ing desirous of emulating some of this glory. In July, after the Confederates had crossed the second time into Pennsylvania, there were rumors that the Fourth had orders to move up the Potomac. But this proved to be only a rumor. Early in the fall our numbers were augmented by the addition of the Third Battalion, and we shall now have to debouch to the rear and bring up that organization. CHAPTER VII. ORGANIZATION OF THE THIRD BATTALION. BOUT January 1st, 1863, Captain William B. Barnes, of Company C, Fourth New York Artillery, was detailed on recruiting service in connection with a furlough to visit his family, and on the way to his home, Rochester, N. Y., being of a some what ambitious turn, he stopped at Albany and secured authority to raise a regiment. Following is the special order : GENERAL HEADQUARTERS STATE OF NEW YORK, ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, ALBANY, February 7, 1863. SPECIAL ORDERS, No. 70. A regiment of artillery is hereby authorized to be raised in this State, to be known as the Eleventh Regiment of Artillery, New York State Volunteers, to serve in the Army of the United States for three years, or during the war. For purposes of organization, Captain William B. Barnes is appointed Colonel of this regiment, who will establish his headquarters at Rochester, in the county of Monroe, and proceed in its organization in conformity with the provisions of General Orders, No. 126, series of 1862, War Department. Sixty days will be allowed for the organization of this regiment, and if not completed in that time it will be con solidated. By order of the Commander-in-Chief, JOHN T. SPRAGUE, Adjutant-General. This authority was extended, May 28th, 1863, to " sixty days from date." Captain Barnes having such a limited time in which to raise a regiment, and having had some experience in recruit ing, hit upon a novel scheme, as will appear, for the rapid 88 HEAVY GUNS AND LIGHT. enlistment of men. Captain Barnes was a man of culture and not evilly disposed toward any one ; but, like many another enrolling officer of that period, he was doubtless more patriotic than scrupulous. He claimed to have authority for his plan. We are unable to find out now, however, just what authority he had. On establishing his headquarters in the city of Rochester, such of his purposes were presented to various persons desirous of raising companies for the military service as seemed necessary, and recruiting offices were quickly opened in that city and adjoining towns. Andrew J. Hatck, having raised the first sixty-five men, was mustered as adjutant of the prospective regiment by Mustering Officer Captain James Moony, in March. These men were attached to Company K. Captain Barnes's plan seemed to work. A half dozen students from Canandaigua Academy sauntering down Main Street in that village one morning, Stopped to read an attractive bill just posted in the Court House Park. It will be found on the following page. It happened that all of these six boys had thought about entering the military service. Some of them had even en listed and been taken out by their friends, on the ground of not being old enough. But here was a proposition that their friends might even assent to, " expressly for the defense of New York Harbor." This was the taking clause in Captain Barnes's scheme. " I will go, if the rest will," said one. " So will I," said another, till they all had agreed to enlist. A short time after (May 6th) a war meeting was advertised. "A WAR MEETING " This evening (Wednesday) at the Town House, for the purpose of enlisting men in Captain Brown's Company of Heavy Artillery. Rev. Mr. Buck, J. P. Faurot, Esq., and other speakers are expected to address the meeting. " The company is designed to garrison the forts in New York Harbor, where duty is light and danger afar off." Hon. A. H. Howells was chairman of this meeting, and the other speakers were Professor N. T. Clarke, Hon. E. G. ORGANIZATION OF THE THIRD BATTALION. 89 1 1 RSI (1\ SSR ECRl IK A GOOD CHANGE AW TEE DRAFT! The last chance in Heavy Artillery! FORTS IN NEW YORK HARBOR. mkcnwmk>To^>lMm,CMirr>>>M>BMnckiHM> I. >)<.!, >. r.i ..4 4ri^l, M4 U(ki