STATE OF CALIFORNIA EARL WARREN, Governor DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES WARREN T. HANNUM, Director DIVISION OF MINES FERRY BUILDING. SAN FRANCISCO OLAF P. JENKINS, Chief IN FRANCISCO SPECIAL REPORT 9 AUGUST 1951 TYPE MORENO FORMATION AND OVERLYING EOCENE STRATA ON THE WEST SIDE OF THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY, FRESNO AND MERCED COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA By MAX B. PAYNE Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of California, Davis Libraries http://archive.org/details/typemorenoformat09payn TYPE MORENO FORMATION AND OVERLYING EOCENE STRATA ON THE WEST SIDE OF THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY, FRESNO AND MERCED COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA- By M.vx U. Payne ' ' OUTLINE OF REPORT Page Abstract 3 Introduction 3 Acknowledgments 5 Previous work 5 General geology •"» jPanoche formation 7 Moreno formation 7 Laguna Seca formation 11 Lodo formation 13 Domengine formation 15 Chaney Ranch sandstone 15 Kreyenhagen shale In Temblor formation 18 Bibliographic references 19 Index of geographic names 20 Appendix A, measured sections 20 Section 1, Kreyenhagen shale formation in Chaney Ranch Canyon 20 Section 2, Chaney Ranch sandstone 20 Section 3, Capita shale in Chaney Ranch Canyon 21 Section 4, Nonada sandstone member of the Domengine for- mation in Capita Canyon 21 Section 5, Lodo shale formation in Escarpado Canyon 21 Section 6, Upper Dos Palos shale member of the Moreno for- mation 22 Section 7, Cima sandstone lentil of the Dos Palos shale member of the Moreno formation 22 Section 8, Ores Canyon, Panoche Hills 22 Section 9, Mercy sandstone lentil of the Moreno shale for- mation 24 Section 10, Laguna Seca sandstone formation at the type section 24 Appendix B, Fossil registers 25 Microfossil register 25 Megafossil register 27 Vertebrate register 28 Fossil localities 20 Illustrations Page Figure 1. Index map of the State of California 4 2. Geologic map of the Moreno and Eocene in Laguna Seca Hills C 3. View north to top of Panoche from the head of Escar- pado Canyon 7 4. Geologic map of the Moreno and Eocene in northern Panoche Hills 8 5. Southeast Panoche Hills 10 6. Geologic map of the Moreno and Eocene in SE Panoche Hills 12 7. View east down Escarpado Canyon 14 8. View N. 50° W. to the Cima sandstone in Escarpado Canyon 14 9. Gres Canyon section 10 10. View NW across the mouth of Garzas ('reek 17 11. View east down Laguna Seca Creek 17 Plate 1. Geologic map of the type Moreno formation and over- lying Eocene strata In pocket 2. Comparative lithologic columnar sections In pocket 3. Comparative columnar sections showing nomenclature In pocket 4. Columnar sections of the Eocene and uppermost Cre- taceous sediments in the Panoche and Laguna Seca Hills In pocket 5. Lithologic columnar sections of wells In pocket * Manuscript submitted for publication June 1950. ** Geologist, Signal Oil and Gas Company, Bakersfield, Cali- fornia. ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study is to record the detailed stratigraphy and paleontology of the members of the Moreno forma- tion and adjacent Eocene formations. Fossil localities are registered and shown on the geologic maps and, where known, strat igraphic ranges for the fossils are given. Escarpado Canyon in the Panoche Hills is chosen as the type section for the members of the Moreno formation, which is divided from the bottom upward into four mem- bers : the Dosados sand and shale; the Tierra Loma shale, including the Mercy sand lentil; the Marca shale; and the Dos Palos shale, including the Cima sand lentil. Regional geology is illustrated on a small scale map with three large scale maps for greater detail of small critical areas. The Moreno formation and overlying Eocene formations are mapped in detail from Ciervo Mountain anticline on the south to Garzas Creek on the north, a distance of some 00 miles. The Eocene is divided into five formations: the Lodo, the Laguna Seca (new formation name), the Domengine. the Chaney Ranch, the Kreyenhagen shale. The Domengine is divided into two members (new names) : the Capita shale (upper) and the Xonada sand (lower). The Chaney Ranch formation (new name), lying above the Domengine and below the Kreyenhagen formation, is rec- ognized. Stratigraphie sections of the Eocene formations are meas- ured and described to clarify the relationship of the Eocene to the underlying Cretaceous formations. From the type section in the Panoche Hills northward to Garzas Creek the Moreno formation is mapped much higher than previously reported with no Moreno re- maining in outcrop north of Los Ranos Creek. The Eocene trans- gresses the Cretaceous progressively in a northerly direction from Escarpado Canyon, cutting out more and more of the subjacent Cre- taceous. Fossil lists from the sands immediately below the Eocene sand occurring in outcrop from Los Ranos Creek to Garzas Creek include such Panoche forms as Lytoceras, "Parapachydiscus," Ino- ceramus, Cymbophora ashbumeri, Turritella chicoensis, a Dinosaur and a Mososaur. The white Eocene sand at Garzas Creek lies on a Cretaceaus (Panoche) sand containing the Turritella chaneyi fauna with Turritella chaneyi, Inoceramus, Cymbophora n. sp., Cophocura stantonu Stewart, Diplomoceras up., and Haculiten sp.. and this uppermost Cretaceous sand in Garzas Creek is underlain by brown Cretaceous shale containing the Siphoyeuerinoiiles clarki fauna which is found only below the top of the Panoche formation in tin- type section. The writer believes the Cretaceous in the Garzas Creek section is lower than the type Moreno basing this on the tracing of beds lower than Moreno from the type section into the top of the Garzas Creek section, and faunally the top of the Garzas Creek Cretaceous is equivalent to some part of the upper Panoche forma- tion. INTRODUCTION The type Moreno formation was named by Anderson and Pack in 1915, but it has received relatively little attention until the last few years. This study was begun in 1936, but much of the work was carried on between 19)58 and 19-41 while the writer was in the employ of the Richfield Oil Corporation. The paper is concerned chiefly with the several mem- bers of the Moreno (Upper Cretaceous) formal ion and overlying Eocene strata which occur in the Panoche Hills on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, Fresno and Merced Counties, California. The area contains a great thickness of well exposed fossilil'erous, marine strata of uppermost Cretaceous and Eocene age, and it is felt that the most continous and complete section may be found here. This homoclinal section consists of more than 21,000 feet of Cretaceous sands and shales and as much as :»)()() feet of Tertiary strata. (3) Special Report !) 120 SKETCH MAP OF HIGHWAYS IN VICINITY OF THE TYPE MORENO MAD£R> INDEX MAP OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA SCALE OF MILES 10 20 40 60 SO 100 121 120 Figure I. Index map of the State of California. Type Moreno Formation This paper is intended to be strictly stratigraphic, to show lithologic and lithogenetic units as mapped in the field, to present detailed measured and described sec- tions of these units, and to give their relationship one to the other. Where new units occur in the section they have been described and delimited. Precise allocations are given for faunules in relation to these cartographic units as documentary evidence for time-stratigraphic deter- minations. Fossils are registered and their stratigraphic ranges given. Fossil localities are shown on the map only where space allows but all localities are given in the fossil registers as exactly as the scale of the base map permits. It is hoped that further work will eventually establish the exact relationship between the Cretaceous, the Paleo- cene, and the Eocene of California. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer is especially indebted to Hubert G. Schenck, Stanford University; who suggested this study in 1936 and who has been a constant source of inspiration and supervision in following it to completion. The fre- quent advice of Mason L. Hill, Richfield Oil Corporation, has been of great help in the completion of this paper. Lois T. Martin, Stanford University, and Stanley Carlson, Richfield Oil Corporation, have given important foramin- iferal data. V. T. Allen, Saint Louis University, and Konrad Krauskopf, Stanford University, have supplied mineralogical data. Myra Keen, Stanford University, has identified and assumed care of fossils and helped in nu- merous ways. Siemon W. Muller, Stanford University, visited the writer in the field, and collected and identified fossils. Herdis Bentson, University of California, gave access to type fossil collections for comparisons. Robert T. White, Barnsdall Oil Company, has lent encouragement and advice and has helped in editing the paper. Rollin Eckis, Richfield Oil Corporation ; Lesh Forrest, General Petroleum Corporation ; and Glen W. Ledingham, West- ern Gulf Oil Company, have edited and criticized the final draft. Robert M. Kleinpell, University of California, Berkeley, has given constant encouragement and advice. To Harold W. Hoots and Rollin Eckis, and to many others, the writer offers his sincere thanks and appre- ciation. PREVIOUS WORK Anderson and Pack 1 published the first and to date the only geologic map of this general region. They re- viewed earlier work, designated type localities for the Moreno and Panoche formations, and divided the Eocene system into the Kreyenhagen, Tejon, and Martinez (?) formations. However, their work received little attention until the last few years. Since then additional work has been done largely by oil companies. An abstract of this paper was given before the Geo- logical Society of America at Leland Stanford Junior University, in April, 1941. At that time the Moreno was subdivided into its several members ; the upper brown Dos Palos shale and the Cima sand lentil were placed as probable Paleocene in age, and the top of the Panoche formation north of the Panoche Hills was placed much higher than it had previously been designated by other workers. 1 Anderson, Robert, and I'ack, R. W., Geology and oil resources of the west border of the San Joaquin Vallev north of Coaling", Cali- fornia : l T . S. Ceol. Survey liull. «0:{, 1H15. GENERAL GEOLOGY The formations of the area between Panoche Creek and Garzas Creek comprise an eastward-dipping homo- cline of Upper Cretaceous and Eocene marine sediments. For the most part, the section is well exposed and uncom- plicated structurally and is readily accessible. Although more than 21,000 feet of Cretaceous sandstone and shale crop out in the area, this paper is confined to a discussion of the upper part of the Cretaceous section and the super- jacent Eocene formations. Vertebrates, mollusks, plants, and foraminifers have been found in the Cretaceous rocks. The Eocene contains mollusks and foraminifers and the Miocene has a molluscan fauna. The general uniformity in lithologic character and thickness of the members of the Moreno is another aid in defining the several cartographic units. Eocene sedimentary rocks crop out in two areas separated by the overlapping Temblor formation. This overlap can be seen where it is conspicuous on the map near the T. 14 S.-T. 15 S. line. From Panoche Creek north to Wedge Canyon the Temblor strikes more and more westerly until it is hidden beneath the terrace deposits that overlap the whole section as far down as the lower part of the Moreno formation. This Miocene overlap and terrace-covered area leaves a gap between the north and south part of the Panoche Hills, and north and south of this overlap the sequence of Eocene strata is dissimilar. In the southern part of the area, three formations transgress the underlying beds in a short distance south of the T. 14 S.-T. 15 S. line. They are: 1) the Temblor formation which lies progressively on older beds until it is in contact with the Moreno near the center of N| sec. 6, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. ; 2) the Domengine pebble bed which completely overlaps the Lodo formation in the southwest corner of sec. 5, T. 15 S., R. 12 E., about 3 miles north of Panoche Creek; and 3) the Lodo forma- tion which, though apparently accordant, is considered to be disconformable with the Moreno formation since the brown shale immediately below it is progressively thin- ner northward from Panoche Creek to Wedge Canyon and is completely overlapped at a point 1350 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 5, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. As additional evidence of disconformity, attention is called to the fact that the base of the Lodo transgresses the upper members of the Moreno formation from Panoche Creek southward to Cerros Hill, at the W^ sec. 14, T. 16 S., R. 12 E., M. D. M. Here the base of the Cerros shale member (lowest member of the Lodo formation) lies only 90 feet above the top of the Marca shale member of the Moreno, or 770 feet stratigraphically lower in the sec- tion than it does in Escarpado Canyon. Farther south along Tumey Gulch the Dos Palos brown shale member, above the Marca shale member, again approaches the thickness of this same member in the Panoche Hills. The sequence of the Eocene sediments found in out- crop north of the Temblor overlap differs considerably from the Eocene sequence in the southern part of the area. The Laguna Seca sandstone formation lies on the Cima sandstone of the Moreno formation north of the T. 14 S.- T. 15 S. line. Farther north, in Laguna Seca Creek, the Laguna Seca sandstone formation is 1120 feet thick and has transgressed the Moreno shale down to the lower part of the white-weathering Marca shale member. A gen- eral study of the map shows the uniformity in thickness Special Report 9 GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE MORENO AND EOCENE IN LAGUNA SECA HILLS R.IOE. LEGEND OAL ALLUVIUM 1 STREAM GRAVALS QTVQlS tfcft. DEPOSIT* 1 LANOSL. DEBRIS MIOCENE CLAYST. IMUDiT. (NON-uarinei TEMBLOR EK J KREYENHAGEN SH. FBM DOMENGINE FORMATION TYPE MORENO 19*1 M.B. PAYNE 15000 U.S.G.S. TOPO BASE Figure 2. Geologic map of the Moreno and Eocene in Laguna Seca Hills. Type Moreno Formation of the members of the Moreno in the Panoche Hills. The lower contact of the Moreno is marked by the thin but fontinuotis concretionary sandstone unit of the Panoche formation. The white-weathering Marea shale member divides the brown Moreno shale into upper and lower shale units. Delimiting the Marea shale is a definite aid in mapping and is especially useful in the Ciervo Hills where structure is involved. As opposed to the uniformity of the Moreno forma- tion in the Panoche Hills, the Eocene is variable. Just north of Panoche Creek, the Eocene formations become thinner due to two unconformities. In the same area the basal Eocene strata cut out the thin upper units of the Moreno by overlap both north and south of Panoche Creek. On the geologic map the two lenticular sands of the Moreno pinch out in opposite directions in the same vicinity in sees. 4 and 9, T. 16 S., R. 12 E. PANOCHE FORMATION The two following paragraphs are abstracts from Anderson and Pack 's - more detailed description of the Panoche formation. The original definition of the Panoche formation by Anderson and Pack designated Moreno Gulch as the type locality. It stated that the Panoche formation com- prises the Upper Cretaceous strata lying below the maroon and associated beds of the Moreno formation. The Panoche embraces beds of diverse lithology, varying from clay shale to conglomerate beds composed of boul- ders up to several feet in diameter ; its aggregate thick- ness is at least 20,000 feet. The line of separation between the Panoche and the overlying Moreno is not sharp, the lower sandy beds apparently grading upward into the - Op. cit. shaly beds through a thickness of interbedded shale and sandstone. It is probable that no break in sedimentation exists between the Panoche and .Moreno formations; the line of separation is arbitrary. In Panoche Hills the thick Panoche formation may be separated roughly into three lithologic divisions : 1 ) The upper division, immediately underlying the Moreno formation, is composed mainly of massive concretionary sandstone with a minor amount of dark shale, aggregating not less than 4000 feet in thickness. The beds form the rugged topography characteristic of the eastern half of the Panoche Hills. 2) Underlying this is 17,000 feet of alternating shale and concretionary sandstone with a per- sistent member of interbedded coarse conglomerate and fine sandstone 100 to 500 feet thick at the base. This basal member contains "Chico" fossils, some of which appear to be in pebbles of sandstone. 3) Below the heavy con- glomerate is the third division, consisting of thin-bedded carbonaceous sandstone and shale lithologically similar to those overlying the conglomerate. In this present paper the top of the Panoche forma- tion is taken at the same concretionary sandstone desig- nated by Anderson and Pack, and contains the following fossils at L. S. J. U. Locality 2251, identified by Hubert G. Schenck, Myra Keen, and R. A. C. Brown : Turritella chicoensis, Acila (Truncacila) demessa, Parallelodon (Nanonavis) cf. vanemtverensis, Baculites cf. fairbanksi, and Hamites ellipticus. MORENO FORMATION Type Locality. Anderson and Pack 3 named Moreno Gulch the type locality for the Moreno formation. This eulch is 8 miles north of Panoche Creek and is in sees. 1 Op. cit. KP PANOCHE MORENO + TOPP^'fS;' r^W&CH% -'*Ac~/ J * _ S: SAND/'Af SWALE, Mt-MBEl h to top of Panoche from the head of Escarpado Canyon. Photo by H. G. Schenck, 1 Special Rbi»okt fl ^\ ii v v Figuhe 4. Geologic map of the Moreno and Eocene in northern Panoche Hills. Type Moreno Formation \f ember* of the Moreno formation in type section. Member Derivation of name Dos Palos shale I Town of Dos Pale Cima sand lentil with- in the Dos Palos shale Marea shale Tierra Loma shale . Mercy sand lentil _ Dosados sand and shale - Spanish word for peak given to hill 1800 ft. S., 50 ft. \V of NE corner sec. 7, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. Canyon with mouth at center of sec. 13. T. 14 S., R. 12 E., drains through same sec- tion. Tierra Loma Schoolhouse on Tierra Loma quadrangle near EJ4 corner sec. 9, T. 1*S., R. 12 E. Mercy Bros., Mercy Hot Springs Contraction of Spanish dos a dos Type locality Escarpado Can- yon, sec. 7. 8. T. 15 S„ R. 12 E., M.DM. Escarpado Can- yon, sec. 7, 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. Escarpado Can- yon, sec. 7, 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. Escarpado Can- yon, sec. 7, 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. Mercy Canyon, sec. 15, T. 16 8., R. 12 E. Escarpado Can- yon Lowei contact 2100 ft. S., 3200 ft. E. of NW corner sec. 7, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. 2700 ft. S.. 600 ft. E. of NW corner sec. 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. White concretions and white weath- ering shale 1600 ft. W., 1800 ft. S. of NE corner sec. 7, T. 15 S., R. 12 E, At first sand of interbedded sand and shale 2200 ft. N., 1200 ft. W. of SE cor- ner sec. 9, T. 16 S., R. 12 E. 400 ft. S., 600 ft. W. of NW corner sec. 12. 1 Fppei i ontacl 2800 ft. S., 1300 ft. E. of NW corner sec. 8, T. 15 S„ R 12 E. 2800 ft. S., 800 ft, E. of NW corner sec. 8, T. 15 S . H 12 E. White concretions and white weath- ering shale 2100 ft S., 1200 ft. W. of NE corner sec. 7. T. 15 S., R. 12 E. At contact of white concretions and white weathering shale 2250 ft. S., 600 ft. W. of NE corner sec. 9, T. 16 S., R. 12 E. 700 ft. S., 75 ft. E. of NW corner sec. 7. Dominant lithology Brown shale Gray sand, fine- grained, silty, mi- caceous, massive, friable, and con- cretionary. Varies from soft and punky to firm or very hard, white to light brown color. Hard calcar- eous concretions at top and bottom. Brown shale with local sandstone dikes. Fine-grained, mi- caceous, massive, platy, concretion- ary with brown shale interbeds. Sands and shales, irregularly bed- ded, local dikes. Thickness at typ.- locality 900 ft. including 80 ft. of Cima sand lentil. 80 ft. 300 ft 1150 ft. 180 ft 200 ft. Fossils Megafossils Hate Molluscan re- mains Vertebrates at base Megafossils For- aminifera Vertebrates Mega- fossils Foraminif- Arenaceous For- aminifera Vertebrates For- aminifera Mega- fossils and 11, T. 14 S., R. 11 E. The base of the Moreno at the type locality is 1700 feet north and 2100 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 11, T. 14 S., R. 11 E. The upper contact as designated by Anderson and Pack is exposed at a point 50 feet north and 100 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 2, T. 14 S., R. 11 E., but in this report is placed as 1200 feet north on the west section line from the southwest corner of see. 1, T. 14 S., R. 11 E. The type locality of the members of the Moreno forma- tion is designated herein as Escarpado Canyon. This can- yon is 6 miles south of Moreno Gulch and 2 miles north of Panoche Creek. The mouth of this eastward -draining can- yon is near the center of the S£NWi sec. 9, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. Escarpado Canyon is the type section for all the members of the Moreno except for the Mercy sandstone lentil of the Tierra Loma shale member. The type locality for this unit is designated as Mercv Canyon, sec. 15, T. 16S.,R. 12 E. Original Definition by A nderson and Pack* Ander- son and Pack described the Moreno formation in great de- tail as follows : "The name Moreno is applied to the formation from Moreno Gulch, on the east flank of the Panoche Hills, where it is typically exposed. Here the formation has a thickness of 1,700 to 2,000 feet and is composed predominantly of thin-bedded, rather brittle brownish and lavender-colored shales, that weather into small bits and flakes. In the lower part of the formation there are numerous beds of sand- stone, locally containing poorly developed concretions and in gen- eral similar to the sandstone of the Panoche formation. The upper half of the formation is more nearly pure shale and contains a greater proportion of material of organic origin. Calcareous shale, limestone nodules, and layers of semiporcelaneous siliceous shale occur locally, and near the top of the formation there is a zone of white platy dia- ' Op. clt., pp. 46-47. tomaceous shale about 200 feet thick. This zone is traceable most of the way along the face of the Panoche Hills. Large sandstone dikes traversing the shale are very conspicuous, a zone of several such dikes being traceable for most of the distance across the strike of the forma- tion. Calcareous concretions are scattered through the shale, espe- cially in the middle of the formation, but are not so numerous as they are in this formation in some other localities. Resides the foraminifers, fossil mollusks occur sparingly, among them being Hamites or Anisoceras, characteristic Cretaceous forms. The line of separation between the Moreno and the underlying Panoche formation is somewhat arbitrarily drawn at the horizon where the sandstone beds that form the steep eastern face of the Panoche Hills dip beneath the predominantly shaly beds. The upper limit of the Moreno formation is marked by the overlying Eocene formation, which is composed of medium to tine grained grayish-white sandstone stained in irregular bands by iron oxide and weathering to a tawny-yellow color" . . . ***** "Its [the Moreno] relation to (he overlying Martinez (?) forma Hon resembles a conformity just as much as the apparent gradation into the Panoche below, so far as the usual appearance of the con- tact goes. The paleontological evidence, however, favors the sup- position of a conformity below and an unconformity at the top." The lower contact of the Moreno formation, as here used, is stratigraphically the same as that chosen by Anderson and Pack. The massive concretions of the upper ridge-forming Panoche sandstone make it distinct from the flaggy sandstone of the type lower Moreno. The upper sandstone of the Panoche is the most uniform and continu- ous sandstone in this part of the section along the Panoche Hills. Although the overlying sandstones of the lower Moreno are in places massive and concretionary, by con- trast with the Panoche, they are lenticular, irregularly bedded, and separated into relatively thin beds by inter- bedded brown shales. The location of the top of the Panoche sandstone in Moreno Gulch is 1700 feet north Special Report 9 Type Moreno Formation' 11 and 2100 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 11, T. 14 S., R. 11 E., and in Escarpado Canyon is 400 feet south and 700 feet west of the northeast corner of Sec 12, T. 15 S., R. 11 E. The upper contact of the Moreno formation, as here defined, is not the same as that of Anderson and Pack. The sandstone at the top of the brown shale (lower Dos Palos) in Moreno Gulch is considered to be equivalent to the Cima sandstone of Escarpado Canyon, 6 miles south."' Sample 1 Four megascopic types of rock with 3 suitable for heavy mineral analysis Sample 2 Chaney Ranch 1 Chaney Ranch 3 Chaney Ranch 4 Escarpado Canyon "C" A A A C R r VR VR VR VR A A C C R R R VR VR VR A A C R VR R R VR VR VR A A A C Hornblende . . . _ C R VR VR R Rutile- VR VR Gold VR \ = abundant, C = common, R = rare, VR = very rare. Micaceous grains rang- ing from blotite through a series of alteration products are perhaps the most distinctive feature of these rocks. At least three products of alteration are discernible: vermiculite, chlorite, and anauxite. The heavier varieties are not present in Chaney Ranch 1. but anauxite Is present; all varieties are common in Chaney Ranch 2 and 3; and all varieties present but not common in Chaney Ranch 4 and Escarpado Canyon "C". "I feel that no conclusions regarding correlation between the Escarpado Canyon and Chaney Ranch Canyon samples can be based on the heavy-mineral assemblages. The outstanding difference between the two is the abundance of clinozoisite and epidote at Escarpado Canyon and their scarcity elsewhere but I don't think this is particularly significant. Andalusite is more scarce and a trace of spinel appears at Escarpado Canyon, but these differences are trivial. There is certainly as much variation among the different Chaney Ranch varieties as between them and the Escarpado Canyon rocks. As far as these analyses go, the two samples might well belong to the same formation or they might with equal probability be distinct." January 26, 1941 Konrad Krauskopf This sandstone lenses out into the brown shale of the Dos Palos shale member at Panoche Creek. Where the Cima sandstone is missing - it is impossible to subdivide the Dos Palos shale ; the top of the Moreno is placed at the top of the brown shale above the Cima when present in the section. The upper contact of the Moreno is, there- fore, drawn at the top of the uppermost brown shale in Escarpado Canyon. The upper brown shale above the Cima sandstone can be mapped north cf Panoche Creek for a distance of 2\ miles. At this point it is overlapped by the Domengine sandstone. The green glauconitic sandstone at the base of the Lodo formation progressively overlaps more and more of the upper brown shale member to a point near the southwest corner of sec. 5, T. 15 S., R. 12 E., where the Domengine sandstone, in turn, overlaps the green sand- stone and more of the remaining brown shale. In Wedge Canyon, the Domengine sandstone with abundant Tur- ritella buwaldana and characteristic black pebbles lies 5 In an attempt to find evidence for or against correlation of the Cima sand south of the Miocene overlap in Escarpado Canyon, with the sand mapped as Cima sand north of this point, as in Chaney Kanch Canyon, samples were sent to Konrad Krauskopf, Stanford University, for mineral analysis. Following is Konrad Krauskopf's report of January 28, 1941. directly on the brown glauconitic shale of the upper Dos Palos shale member of the Moreno. The faunas Found ill the lower pail of the Lodo and lower Laguna Seca formations suggest a Paleocene age. Both of these formations are in diseonformity with the underlying Moreno formation. In the last few years, I he finding of Paleocene-like fossils in the Cima sandstone member of the Moreno has presented the possibility that the Paleocene Age-Time line ranges as low as the upper part of the lower Dos Palos member or several hundred feet down in the brown shale below the Cima sandstone, where Valvulineria lillisi or Valvulineria pachecoensis is found. At this horizon there is no field evidence of an orogeny of any kind. The Cima sandstone lenses out of the section and the whole upper part of the Moreno is transgressed by the overlying Lodo and Laguna Seca formations. General Description. The Moreno formation com- prises chiefly brown shale 1800 to 3200 feet thick whose lower and upper contacts are easily traced through the Panoche Hills. In the Moreno Gulch area the first thin streaks of brown shale of the Moreno occur immediately above the "tawny-weathering" sands mentioned by An- derson and Pack. These "tawny-weathering" sands are correlated in this paper with the micaceous, concretionary Cima sandstone of Escarpado Canyon. In both localities this sand includes thin brown shale streaks characteristic of the Moreno. In Escarpado Canyon the upper member, which is not present in Moreno Gulch, is 180 feet of brown, glauconitic, silty shale containing irregularly bedded con- cretions. The top of the Moreno is placed at the top of this glauconitic brown shale. The Cima sand lentil lenses out, leaving a thick indivisible brown shale, the Dos Palos shale member. The base of the Dos Palos is placed at the top of the white-weathering shale, the Marca shale member. The Marca shale member is lithologically distinct, ordinarily contains white, hard, rounded, calcareous con- cretions at the top and base, and is a distinct aid in map- ping the Moreno formation as a whole. This white-weath- ering member includes 300 feet of beds with abundant Siphogenerinoid.es whitei Church. Some of the white con- cretions contain a few poorly preserved megafossils. Underlying the Marca shale conformably is the Tierra Loma shale member totaling 1200 feet of brown shale. The only changes in lithologic character of the brown shale are numerous sandstone dikes. The Dosados sand- stone and shale member is conformably below the Tierra Loma shale. Although variable, the Dosados sandstone and shale averages about 200 feet in thickness. Conform- ably below the Dosados member is the Panoche formation. The massive concretionary sandstone at the top of the Panoche makes the first steep ridge which is a natural break from the rounded topography of the Moreno shale. These several members of the Moreno shale can be traced southward from the type section across Panoche Creek, through the Ciervo Hills. LAGUNA SECA FORMATION The Laguna Seca formation is herein recognized and named because it is a distinct lithogenetic unit that rep- resents a particular environment of deposition. There is a practical and scientific need for a new name in the local sequence of sediments. It is a prominent cartographic unit 12 Special Report 9 GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE MORENO AND EOCENE IN S.E. PANOCHE HILLS II5S- i| < L EG E N D QAL ALLUVIUM 1 STREAM GRAVELS QTIQLS TER.0E.POSITS I LANDSL. DEBRIS MIOCENE CLYST. I MUDST.ONE i NON-MARINE I TEMBLOR KREYENHAGEN SH. FRM. Ecr CHANEY RANCH SS. FRM. Ed-c CAPITA SH. MBR DOMENCINE Ed-n NONAOA SO MBR. FORMATION Figure fi. Geologic map of the Moreno and Eocene in SE Panoche Hills. Type Moreno Formation 13 different from adjacent formations exposed near Reptile Canyon in the Panoche Hills and extending northward to Ortigalita Creek, a lateral extent of 18 miles. The forma- tion is not the exact correlative of the Martinez formation and it cannot be traced into the type locality of the Mar- tinez. Moreover, the physical characteristics of the two for- mations are not identical, and the sequence of sediments above and below the Laguna Seca is not the same as at the type Martinez section. The type Martinez locality is about 100 miles north of Laguna Seca Canyon. Between the two localities the Eocene immediately above the Cretaceous, as in Garzas Creek, is pinkish-white anauxitic sandstone wholly different in physical characteristics from the Laguna Seca formation. Nor can the Laguna Seca forma- tion be mapped south into the type Lodo formation in Panoche Creek. The type Lodo formation consists of 1130 feet of gray clay shale and mudstone with the basal sand- stone member containing some glauconite and the well- known Turrit ella paehecoensis fauna. The base of the Lodo formation north of Panoche Creek is represented by 80 feet of glauconitic sandstone containing concretions with fossils of Paleocene age. The Lodo can be mapped approximately 3 miles north of Panoche Creek, where the Domengine completely overlaps the Lodo and rests on the Dos Palos shale of the Moreno formation. The Temblor formation overlaps the whole section and rests on the Moreno a short distance north of this overlap and the section is thus covered. About 1 mile farther north, the Domengine can again be seen, however, and the upper glauconitic brown shale of the Dos Palos member of the Moreno is missing. Here the Laguna Seca formation lies on the Cima sandstone lentil of the Moreno. A new name is proposed for this lithogenetic unit be- cause : a) it is desirable that no misunderstandings arise about the unit here discussed, b) it is different in physical characteristics from any of the Eocene formations, either north or south, representing a distinct environment of deposition, c) paleontologic evidence is not conclusive to prove its complete contemporaneity with any other forma- tion in this part of the section, d) it is mappable in as much area as shown in this paper, and e) it can not be traced into a previously named formation. The "Martinez" (?) formation originally mapped by Anderson and Pack 6 in the area north of Panoche Creek includes the Lodo formation later described by White 7 . The Cima sandstone and the Laguna Seca sand- stone of this paper were included in their "Tejon" (Do- mengine) as they could not prove the Paleocene age of any of the sandstones. According to Anderson and Pack : 8 '"The small intermediate area in which the Martinez (?) is prohably exposed, hut in which its presence has not yet heen definitely proved, is on the northeast flank of the Panoche Hills." . . . "Xorth of Little Panoche Creek it has a maximum thickness of about 1100 feet and is a fairly uniform body of very fine-grained massive gray sandstone which contains fewer and less perfectly formed concretions than the Martinez (?) in the southern area and little if any interstratified dark clay shale. In the northern area the formation is fairly homogeneous throughout, and contains no well- defined lithologie members." The Martinez ( ?) referred to by Anderson and Pack in the southern part of the area is the Lodo formation and ° Op. cit. 7 White, Robert T., Eocene Lodo formation and Cerros member of California (abst) : Geol. Soc. America Froc. 1937, pp. 256-257, June, 1938. 8 Op. cit., pp. 58-59. is in no way similar to the sands they called Martinez ( '!) formation in the Moreno Gulch and Laguna Seca Creek areas. Anderson and Pack 9 stated : "All the Eocene beds along the northeast flank of the Panoche Hills are tentatively mapped as Tejon (Domengine). but it is probable that the Martinez (?) is represented by their lower portion on the northeast flank of the hills, a few miles south of Little Panoche Creek." Sands of Paleocene age are present in the Panoche Hills, but their lower part, mapped as Tejon by Anderson and Pack, belongs to the Moreno formation and the upper part only belongs to the Laguna Seca sandstone forma- tion. Definition. The name Laguna Seca is taken from Laguna Seca Creek whose mouth is near the northeast corner of sec. 18, T. 12 S., R. 11 E., and drains diagonally across this section from the southwest corner. Prom here the creek may be followed upstream through the lower half of sees. 13 and 14, T. 12 S., R. 10 E., crossing the south line of sec. 14 near the south quarter corner and draining through the upper half of sec. 23, T. 12 S., R. 10 E. In the north branch of this canyon the Laguna Seca formation is well exposed throughout most if its thick- ness with only a few slides covering a small part of the section. The type locality is in the north branch of Laguna Seca Creek. The Laguna Seca formation is a thick fine-grained, gray, massive, abundantly micaceous, concretionary homo- geneous sand section, semi-platy in part. The concretions are very carbonaceous and ordinarily contain petrified wood with Teredo borings. Other fossils are found spar- ingly in the concretions. The upper contact is 2100 feet north and 2700 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 18, T. 12 S., R. 11 E., and the base is 1200 feet north and 1700 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 18. The lower limit of the forma- tion appears to be gradational. Areal geology, however, shows that this contact progressively transgresses north- ward upon lower members of the Moreno formation and is thus considered to be disconformable. The upper limit of the formation is taken at the top of the gray, massive, abundantly micaceous, friable sandstones and at the base of the fine-grained, gray Domengine sandstone containing hard, yellow concretions. The measured section of the Laguna Seca sandstone is 1120 feet. The fauna of the lower Laguna Seca formation is Paleocene and in Laguna Seca Creek it contains the Turri- teUa paehecoensis fauna approximately 300 feet above the base of the formation. Laguna Seca sandstone is peculiarly distinct in con- taining very carbonaceous concretions enclosing numerous Teredo borings and poorly preserved fossils. Here and there hard platy reefs contain megafossils. Where the Laguna Seca lies directly on the Cima sandstone in the Panoche Hills, the Cima can be differentiated by the thin layers of brown shale, its general lithologie character, and the numerous concretions it contains. LODO FORMATION R. T. White 10 placed the type locality of the Lodo formation in a small gulch on the east side of Silver Creek, » Op. cit., p. 64. io White, Kohert T., Eocene Eodo formation and Cerros member of California (abst) : Geol. Soc. America Froc, 1937, pp. 256-257, June, 1938. 14 Special Report 9 Figure 7. View east down Escarpado Canyon. Photo by H. G. Schenck, 1941. TOP OF PANOCHE CIMA HILL t SAND ^ LENTIL / \. BASAL b« I i£?i ; / ^y UPPER SH. OF DOS PALC - TOP OF MORENO 1 Fiourb 8. View N. 50° W. to the Cima sandstone in Escarpado Canyon. Photo by H. G. Schenck. 1941. Type Moreno Formation 15 4000 feet south of its confluence with Panoche Creek, near the south line of the NF4 sec. 29, T. 15 S., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Reasons for correlating the beds called Lodo in the southeastern part of the Panoche Hills with the Lodo formation at its type section are : 1 ) the strata in the two localities have the same lithologic characteristics, 2) the shale is mappable from the southeastern part of the Pan- oche Hills to the type locality 4 miles south, 3) the se- quence of sedimentary rocks above and below the forma- tion found in the Panoche Hills is the same as in Lodo Gulch, and 4) the shale in the Panoche Hills contains the same foraminiferal faunas as those found in the lower part of the type Lodo formation. The Lodo formation is present only in the south- eastern part of the Panoche Hills. In Escarpado Canyon there are 428 feet of Lodo as compared with 1130 feet at the type locality. The 428 feet are a dark-gray to gray argillaceous shale and mudstone, with glauconite abund- ant in the lower part. In Straight Canyon, half a mile north, the gray Lodo shale above the basal green glau- conitic sand is 25 feet thick and in Wedge Canyon, 400 feet north of Straight Canyon, it is missing. The Domen- gine overlaps the Lodo formation at a point 2000 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 6, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. DOMENGINE FORMATION B. L. Clark n redefined the Domengine formation in a restricted sense and pointed out the unconformity at the base of the pebble bed. The original description by F. M. Anderson 12 ("Tejon") included the gray shale unit above and the fine gray sand with the pebble bed at the base. Neither of these papers gave a detailed descrip- tion of the contacts. R. T. White 13 defined the Yokut as a separate formation from the Domengine. Notwithstanding several papers dealing with the Do- mengine and Kreyenhagen formations, geologists are still uncertain as to their exact rock-stratigraphic boundaries. This is due to the lack of precise descriptions, to attempts to correlate isolated outcrops at many different and widely separated localities, and to the indiscriminate use of rock- stratigraphic and time-stratigraphic terms. In a recent {paper, Boris Laiming 14 affirmed that the foraminiferal {zones have been known to transcend formation boundaries [at several localities. It is well known that time lines do not (necessarily parallel lithologic divisions. Additional pale- ontologic data and closer discrimination of species may later prove that strata are not contemporaneous. The con- elusion seems to be warranted that the use of time-strati- graphic terms for local rock-stratigraphic units is unde- sirable ; incomplete paleontologic evidence does not prove strata to be exact chronologic equivalents. The name Do- biengine is undesirable in a time or time-stratigraphic pense, since it is well established in the literature and in use as a rock-stratigraphic name. Therefore, the Domen- gine formation is defined in this paper as the beds strati- »raphically below the glauconite at the base of the 11 Clark, B. L., The Domengine horizon, middle Eocene of Cali- fornia : Univ. California, Dept. Geol. Sci. Bull., vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 99- 118, 1926. M., A .stratigraphic study in the Mount Diablo California Acad. Sci. Proc, 3d ser., Geol. vol. 2, Anderson, F Range of California :jp. 115-248, 1905. 13 White, Robert T., Eocene Yokut sandstone north of Coalinga, California: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., vol. 24, pp. 1722- 4751, 1940. 14 Laiming, Boris, Foraminiferal correlations in Eocene of San Toaquin Valley, California : Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., •'ol. 24, pp. 1923-1939, 1940. Kreyenhagen shale and above the Lodo formation. The Domengine includes the gray foraminiferal shale and the underlying gray sands down to the base of the pebble bed which rests unconformably on the Lodo formation in the southeastern part of the Panoche Hills. This is the se- quence of sediments except for the restricted area where the Chaney Ranch sandstone formation is found in the outcrop; another exception to this sequence is just north of Cantua Creek where the basal Kreyenhagen glauconitic sand lies directly on the Yokut sand with the Domengine formation entirely missing in the outcrop. This white, anauxitic sandstone occurs below the Kreyenhagen and above the Domengine formation. The Domengine formation comprises two separate and distinctly different cartographic units. The upper is a gray, foraminiferal shale member and the lower is a gray, yellow-weathering, fine-grained sandstone member which may include from one to six yellow, calcareous, pebbly and commonly fossiliferous sandstone "reefs". Separate names for the different members of a formation are desirable for precise understanding and description. According to recommended stratigraphic procedure, a member of a formation can not be given the same name as that of the formation. Therefore, two names are here proposed for the two members of the formation. Capita Shale Member. The name Capita is given to the canyon that drains the southwest corner of sec. 19, the northwest corner of sec. 30, T. 14 S., R. 12 E., and the southeast corner of sec. 24, T. 14 S., R. 11 E., passing through the center of the north section line and through the northwest corner of sec. 25, T. 14 S., R. 11 E. Capita is a Spanish word meaning cape or cover. The type local- ity for the Capita shale member of the Domengine forma- tion is in Chaney Ranch Canyon and the name is taken from Capita Canyon just south of Chaney Ranch Canyon. At the type locality the member comprises 50 feet of homogeneous, gray shale which is firm, massive, mica- ceous, and in places carbonaceous. In Gres Canyon the member is more silty and sandy and is represented by a sand facies ; farther north, as in Laguna Seca Canyon, the member is missing. The lower and upper contacts appear to be gradational with the adjacent formations. Among the many fossils in the Capita shale are Turritella buwaldana, Exputens alexi, and Discocyclina cf. D. clarki. Nonada Sandstone Member. The Spanish word meaning low and flat (Nonada) is given to the hill 200 feet north and 800 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 13, T. 14 S., R. 11 E. The friable Nonada sandstone is gray and fine-grained. The rounded grains are predomi- nantly quartz, weathering to a yellow color. This member includes two calcareous and fossiliferous pebble "reefs" in the northeastern flank of the Panoche Hills. The lower and unconformable boundary is placed at the base of the lower pebble bed. The upper limit of this member is a con- formable sand-shale contact. The measured thickness in the first (Capita) canyon south of Chaney Ranch Canyon in the Panoche Hills is 68 feet. Abundant molluscan fos- sils occur in this sand. CHANEY RANCH SANDSTONE Chaney Ranch sandstone is a new formation name. It is given the rank of a formation because it can easily 16 Special Report I) POSSIBLE AFFINITY AND CORRELATION OF THE CHANEY RANCH SAND WITH OTHER WHITE SANDS OF THE WEST SIDE AND THE VALLEY IN GENERAL LED TO HEAVY" MINERAL STUDIES OF THE SANDS IN GRES CANYON. THE CHART SHOWS THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE SAMPLES AND THE DETERMINATIONS OF THEM MADE BY V.T.ALLEN. GRES CANYON SECTION SECTION 12, T. 14 S., R. II E., FRESNO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA TEMBLOR -MIOCENE UNCONFORMITY CHANEY RANCH SAND II- 10- DOMENGINE UNCONFORMITY 7- Pt- LAGUNA 6- SECA 5- SAND 4- FORMATlON 3- 2- DISCONFORMITY - CIMA MBR. OF I- MORENO FORMA- TION >t - «.<» ■». a s. <*• d ser., Geol. vol 2, pp. 115-248, 1905. Anderson, F. >£., Faunal and chronological aspects of the Upper Cretaceous in the Great Valley, California (ahst ) : Geol. Soc. America l'roc, p. 235, 11187. Anderson, F. M., Cretaceous sedimentary succession in Cali- fornia and Oregon ; Sixth l'acitic Sci. Con?;', l'roc, vol. 1, pp. 898- 398, 1989. Anderson, F. M., Synopsis of the later Mesossoic in California : California Div. Mines Bull. IIS, pp. 183-186, 1948. Anderson, F. M., Subdivisions of the Chico series (ahst): Geol. Soc. America Hull., vol. 32, p. 1948, 1941. Anderson, F. M., Record of the term "Chico group" in geo- logical literature (ahst) : Geol. Soc America Hull., vol. 38, pp. 1815- 1816, 1942. Anderson, Robert, and Pack, R. W., Geology and oil re- sources of the west border of the San Joaquin Valley north of Coalinga, California : U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 008, 1913. Ashley, G. H., et al., Classification and nomenclature of rock units: Geol. Soc America Hull., vol. 44, pp. 428-439, 1988. Bennison, Allen, Late Cretaceous of the Diablo Range, read at the meeting of the Le Conte Club, Stanford University, March 2, 1940. Camp, Charles L., California mosasaurs: Univ. California Mem., vol. 13, pp. 1-68, 1942. Church, C. C, Description of Foraminifera : California Div. Mines Bull. 118, p. 181, 1943. Clark, Bruce L., The stratigraphie and faunal relationships of the Meganos group, middle Eocene of California : Jour. Geology, vol. 29, pp. 123-163, 1921. Clark, B. L., The Domengine horizon, middle Eocene of Cali- fornia : Univ. California, Dept. Geol. Sci. Bull., vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 99-118, 1926. Clark, B. L., and Woodford, A. O., The geology and paleon- tology of the type section of the Martinez formation (lower middle Eocene) of California : Univ. California, Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 17, pp. 63-142, 1927. Clark, B. L., Xotes on California Tertiary correlations: Cali- fornia Div. Mines Bull. 118, p. 187, 1943. David, Lore Rose, Upper Cretaceous fish remains from the western border of the San Joaquin Valley, California : Carnegie Inst. Washington Hub. 351, pp. 81-112, 1946. Davies, S. N., Mineralogy of late Upper Cretaceous, I'aleocene, and Eocene sandstones of Los Banos district, west border of San Joaquin Valley, California : Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., vol. 30, pp. 63-83, 1946. Dickerson, Roy E., The stratigraphie and faunal relations of the Martinez formation to the Chico and Tejon north of Mount Diablo: Univ. California, Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 6, pp. 171-177. 1911. Dickerson, Roy E., A criticism of the "Faunal relationships of the Meganos group" by Bruce L. Clark : Jour. Geology, vol. 30, pp. 295-302, 1922. Durham, J. Wyatt, Pacific Coast Cretaceous and Tertiary corals: Jour. Paleontology, vol. 17, pp. 196-202, 1943. Ferguson, Glenn C., Paper given before S. E. P. M. in Los Angeles, November, 1945. Hanna, G. I)., Cretaceous diatoms: California Acad. Sci. Occ Paper 13, 1927. Hedberg, Hollis I)., Stratigraphy of the Rio Quercual section of northeastern Venezuela : Geol. Soc America Bull., vol. 4S, pp. 1971-2024, 1937. Jenkins, O. P., Stratigraphie significance of the Kreyenhagen shale of California: California Div. Mines Rept. 27, pp. 141-1S0, 1931. Kirby, J. M., The geology of the Sacramento Valley and its environs, California: Am. Assoc Petroleum Geologists Hull., vol. 26, pp. 102-1*7, 1942. Kirby, J. M., Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of the west side of Sacramento Valley, south of Willows, Glenn County. California : Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Hull., vol. 27, pp. 279-305, 1943. Kirby, .1. .M.. Uumsey Hills area: California Div. Mines Hull US, pp. (it I leu.',, 1<)4:;. Kirby, .1. M., Siles region: California Div. .Mines Hull. IIS pp. 000-608, 1043. 1. aiming, Boris, Foraminiferal correlations in Eocene of San Joaquin Valley, California: Am. Assoc Petroleum Geologists Hull vol. 24, pp. 1923-1939, 1940. Long, John A., Fuge, Dingley P., and Smith, James. Diatoms of the Moreno shale: Jour. Paleontology, vol. 20, pp. SO-118, 1940. Xaiiss, Arthur W., Upper Cretaceous ammonites of the genus liaculitex in California (abst I : Geol. Soc America Hull., vol 5:', p. 1S30, 1942. Popenoe, W. P., Upper Cretaceous formations and faunas of southern California: Am. Assoc Petroleum Geologists Hull., vol 20, pp. 102-187, 1942. Popenoe, W. P., Cretaceous: east side Sacramento Valley. Shasta and Butte Counties: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Hull vol. 27, pp. 800-812, 1948. Schenck, H. (!., Hedberg, Hollis I)., and Kleinpell, R. M., Stage as a stratigraphie unit (abst) : Geol. Soc. America l'roc 1985, pp. 347-348, 1930. Schenck, H. G., and Muller, Siemon W., Stratigraphie ter- minology : Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 52, pp. 1419-1420, 1941. Schenck, H. G., AciHa princeps, a new Upper Cretaceous pel- ecypod from California Cretaceous: Jour. Paleontology, vol. 17, pp 60-68, 1943. Scott, Gavle, Age of the Midway group: Geol. Soc America Bull., vol. 45, pp. 1111-1158, 1934. Smith, Clay T., The biostratigraphy of GJycymeris leatchi in California : Jour. Paleontology, vol. 1!), pp. 35-44. 1945. Smith, J. P., Climatic relations of the Tertiary and Quaternary faunas of the California region : California Acad. Sci. l'roc, 4th ser., vol. 9, pp. 123-173, 1917. Stewart, Ralph, Popenoe, W. P., and Snavely, P. D., Jr., Ter- tiary and late Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of west border of San Joaquin Valley, north of Panoche Creek, Fresno, Merced, and Stan- islaus Counties, California : U. S. Geol. Survey Prelim. Chart 0, Oil and Gas Inves. Ser., 1944. Stock, Chester, Occurrence r.l Cretaceous reptiles in the Moreno shales of the southern Coast Range, California : Xat. Acad. Sci. Proc, vol. 25, pp. 617-620, 1939. Stock, Chester, The Cretaceous vertebrate record of California (abst) : Am. Assoc Petroleum Geologists Hull., vol. 25, pp. 2094- 2095, 1941. Stock, Chester, Duckbill dinosaur from the Moreno Creta- ceous California (abst) : Geol. Soc. America Hull., vol. 52, p. 1950, 1941. Taff, J. A., Hanna, G. D., and Cross, C. M., Type locality of the Cretaceous Chico formation: Geol. Soc. America Hull., vol. 51, pp. 1311-1327, 1940. Taliaferro, X. L., Geologic history and structure of the central Coast Ranges of California : California Div. Mines Hull. 118, pp 119-103, 1943. Taliaferro, X. L., Cretaceous and I'aleocene of Santa Lucia Range: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Hull., vol. 28, pp. 449-521, 1944. Tomlinson, C. W., Technique of stratigraphie nomenclature: Am. Assoc Petroleum Geologists Hull., vol. 24, pp. 2038-2046, 1940. Welles, Samuel P., I'leisiosaur from Upper Cretaceous of the San Joaquin Valley (abst) : (ieol. Soc America Hull., vol. 50. p. 1974, 1939. White, Robert T., Eocene Lodo formation and Cerros member of California (abst) : Geol. Soc America l'roc 1937, pp. 250-257, June 193S. White, Robert T., I'aleocene mollusks from Panoche Creek, California (abst) : Geol. Soc America Hull., vol. 50, p. 1974, 1939. White, Robert T., Eocene Yokut sandstone north of Coalinga, California : Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., vol. 24, pp. 1722-1751, 1940. Wilson, Ivan F., Geology of the San Benito quadrangle, Cali- fornia : California Jour. Mines and Geology, vol. 39, pp. 183-270, 1943. 20 Special Report 9 INDEX OF GEOGRAPHIC NAMES Capital Canyon (sec. 19. T. 14 S.. R. 12 E.) Olios Hill (sec. 14. T. 10 S.. R. 12 E.) Chaney Ranch Canyon i sec. 18, 1!), T. 14 S., R. 12 E.) Cimai Hill (sec. 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. ) Dosndos Canyon (sec. 5, T. 15 S., R. 12 E.) Escitrpado Canyon (sec. 7. 8, 9, T. 1.". S„ R. 12 E.) Cres Canyon (sec. 12, T. 14 S., R. 11 E. ) Laguna Seca Hills (T. 11, 12, 13 S„ R. 10, 11 E.) Lodo Gulch (sec. 29, T. 15 S., R. 12 E.) Marca Canyon (sec. 13, 24, T. 14 S., R. 11 E., and sec. IS, T. 14 S., R. 12 E.) Mercy Canyon (sec. 15, T. 10 S., R. 12 E.) Xonada Hill (sec. 13, 24, T. 14 S.. R. 11 E.) Reptile Canyon (sec. 31, 32, T. 14 S., R. 12 E.) Right Angle Canyon (sec. 12, T. 15 S., R. 11 E., and sec. 0, 7, 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E.) Straight Canyon (sec. 5, T. 15 S., R. 12 E.) Tierra Loma School (sec. 9, T. 14 S., R. 12 E.) Wedge Canyon (sec. 5, T. 15 S., R. 12 E.) APPENDIX A MEASURED SECTIONS SECTION 1 Section of the Kreyenhagen shale formation in Chaney Ranch Canyon, sec. H), T. IS, S., R. 12 E., M.D., Panoche quadrangle, Fresno County, California. Terrace Feet White to gray, medium grained, friable, massive sandstone containing a mixture of black and white grains 20 Gap" 20 Brown to dark-brown shale, containing gray, yellowish, and white layers; platy fracture; abundant radiolaria 98 Whitish gray, medium-grained, friable, poorly sorted, porous sandstone, containing abundant femic mineral grains 22 Buff-colored, silty, calcareous, thin-bedded, hard shale 2 White-gray, medium-grained, friable sandstone, containing many femic mineral grains 2 Buff, silty, hard, platy shale - 1 White-gray, friable, medium-grained sandstone, containing many femic grains 5 Buff, silty, hard, platy shale 1 White-gray, friable, medium-grained sandstone with many femic grains 4 Buff, hard, platy, calcareous shale 4 White-gray, hard, medium-grained, well-cemented sandstone 0.5 White-gray, friable, medium-grained, massive, micaceous sandstone 3.5 White-gray, hard, medium-grained, quartzose sandstone, con- taining weathered mica 0.5 Buff, silty, hard, platy shale 0.5 White-gray, medium-grained, friable, massive sandstone, con- taining dark femic grains 34 Greenish-gray soft, massive mudstone, containing scattered sporbo 2 White-gray, friable, medium-grained, silty, apparently porous sandstone, containing scattered femic grains, and altered mica Greenish-gray, friable, coarse, poorly sorted pebble bed, con- taining abundant glauconite 10 0.25 230.25 Chaney Ranch sandstone. SECTION 2 Section of the Chaney It a itch sandstone, sec. 19, T. 1', S. It. 1,1 K., 1/ ./>., I'anoche quadrangle, Fresno County, Cali- fornia. Kreyenhagen sandstone (see section 1). White-gray, friable, platy to ) rly bedded sandstone, con- taining many femic mineral grains, and abundant silvery-white flakes of anauxite Feet Feet White, clean, porous, fine-grained, crumbly sandstone, con- taining abundant anauxite 5 Buff to pinkish-gray, firm siltstone, containing gypsum streaks and abundant anauxite 10 White, friable to very crumbly, massive, very fine-grained, silty, clean and porous sandstone, containing carbon- aceous material and abundant anauxite 30 Buff to brown, fine-grained, firm to hard, concretionary sandstone 1 White, fine-grained, friable to very crumbly, silty, massive sandstone, containing carbonaceous material and abundant anauxite 29 Pinkish-white, friable, massive, very fine-grained, clean, por- ous sandstone, containing abundant pink grains and abundant anauxite 5 Dark-gray, fine-grained, silty, friable sandstone, containing anauxite 2.5 White, fine-grained, friable, massive, silty, clean, porous sandstone, containing abundant anauxite 80.5 Brownish-red, iron-stained, firm siltstone, containing common gypsum streaks 0.5 Gray to pinkish-gray, sandy, poorly sorted, friable, massive siltstone, stained with red ocher and containing gypsum layers, abundant anauxite and small indeterminate megafossils 32.5 Gray, fine- to medium-grained, friable, massive, clean sand- stone 0.5 Gray, firm, massive siltstone, containing red ocher streaks, hard gypsum layers, and common anauxite 0.5 White-gray, fine-grained, friable, clean, porous sandstone, containing abundant anauxite 1 White, poorly sorted, friable siltstone, containing anauxite__ 1 Grayish-buff, fine-grained, friable, massive, clean, porous sandstone 2 White-gray, fine-grained, firm, massive siltstone G Cray, silty, firm, tough, massive, anauxitic claystone 5 White, fine- to medium-grained, soft, crumbly, poorly sorted, massive, quartzose, clean, porous sandstone 10 Cray, poorly sorted, friable, massive siltstone, containing red iron-stained streaks and common gypsum layers 2 Cray to buff, silty, fine-grained sandstone, containing hard concretionary layers and common anauxite 0.5 (Jap 2.5 232 17 Lithology not apparent at surface. In contact with Capita shale, which is gray, silty, massive, micaceous, and firm, containing abundant Foramini- fera, Discocyc/ina sp., and Exputens alexi. Type Moreno Formation 21 SECTION 3 Section of the Capita shale in Chaney Ranch Canyon, sec. IV. T. I 'i S., I'. 11 F.. M .!>.. 1'anoche quadrangle, Fresno County, California. Chaney Ranch sandstone contact. Feel Gray, silty, firm, massive, micaceous claystone, containing abundant well-preserved Foraminifera and megafossils, including Exputens alert and Discocyclina si> 25 Gray, sandy, firm to friable, micaceous, massive claystone, containing abundant Discocyclina sp 5 Gray, firm, clayey, micaceous siltstone, with a 2-inch gypsum layer at base 5 Gray, silty, firm, massive, micaceous claystone, containing common carbonaceous material ; Foraminifera, includ- ing abundant Discocyclina sp. ; and small megafossils. A 6-inch fine, gray sand reef at center of bed contains abundant Turritella huiraldana 15 50 Soil cover. Note: The lower contact of the Capita shale with the Nonada sandstone can be seen in Capita Canyon to the south. SECTION 4 Section of the Konada sandstone member of the Domen- gine formation in Capita Canyon, sec. 19, T. l!f 8., R. 12 E., M.D., Panoche quadrangle, Fresno County, California. Feet 40 Terrace. Gray, massive, slightly silty and sandy shale, containing abundant well-preserved Foraminifera, and Exputens alexi, and with several irregular gray limestone concre- tionary layers in the lower part Gray, muddy, soft siltstone, containing brilliant red and violet iron-stained streaks, occasional yellow hard limestone concretions, and with gypsum layers throughout 2 Base of the Capita shale member. Top of the Nonada sandstone member. STellownniff, friable, well-sorted, fine-grained, clean, well- washed sandstone, containing common dark femic min- eral grains and scattered limestone concretions 3 Sandstone; 1 foot at top and 1 foot at base encased in many gypsum layers, middle 1 foot fine, friable, well-sorted, yellow-buff, massive sandstone ; many sizes of yellow limestone concretions irregularly distributed; fossils locally abundant ; vivid red and purple irregular stains 3 Dark-gray, massive, soft, crumbly silt, containing scattered small dark femic grains, small mica flakes, and purple- stained streaks -3 fellow-buff, very fine-grained, silty, muddy sandstone, locally rust colored and streaked with gray 1 iVhite, very fine, well-washed, porous, friable sandstone, con- taining abundant very small dark grains 2 fellow, tine, platy sandstone, containing Turritella buwal- diinii 1 tVhite, yellow-weathering, fine, friable, hard sandstone, con- taining fossils . Jap 3 10 fellow, indurated sandstone, forming an irregular reef and containing common gypsum and abundant fossil borings and fragments. Fossils include Turritella buwaldana, pelecypods, and gastropods. Lower 1 foot soft, fine, well- sorted, and massive 3 Unrated, fine- to medium-grained, concretionary sandstone, containing abundant coarse sand grains and pebbles, and very abundant fossils including Turritella and Venericardia 2 fellow-buff, very fine-grained, massive, soft sandstone, con- taining firm to hard layers, common black carbonaceous material, and very abundant fossils, including Turri- tella 2 Feet Yellow-colored, calcareous, indurated, pebbly, poorly sorted, 2 to 3 foot irregular concretionary lied, forming a sand Stone reef and containing very abundant fossils includ- ing Turritella and Venericardia 2 Massive, somewhat indurated, fairly crumbly, quartzose con- glomerate, containing black to light-colored pebbles, and chert pebbles 1 108 Base of Nonada sand member of the Domengine forma- tion. Top of Laguna Seca sandstone member. SECTION 5 Section of the Lodo shale formation in Escarpado Canyon, sec. 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E., M.D., Panoche quadrangle, Fresno County, California. Upper contact with Nonada sandstone member of the Domengine formation. Feet Brownish-gray, tough, massive, slightly silty claystone, con taining Foraminifera, common gypsum ; the lower 5 feet is firm and clayey : 20 White to buff, fine-grained, friable, massive, silty, micaceous sand, containing common rounded femic grains. The upper 3 feet are iron-stained and the lower 1 foot has common fossil borings 4 Green-gray to brown-gray, firm, massive claystone, slicken- sided in part and containing common gypsum layers 15 Yellow-gray, firm, friable, fine sandy, massive, siltstone con- taining abundant gypsum 4 Dark-gray to green-gray, massive, firm claystone, containing gypsum layers , 2 Gap, stream deposit 25 Dark-gray to purplish-gray, firm, massive, micaceous, fine sandy siltstone 20 Very dark to black, massive claystone, containing occasional 1 foot steel-gray calcareous concretions 7 Gray-brown to purple-brown, firm to crumbly, massive, fine sandy, micaceous siltstone . 3 Gap, stream deposit 10 Dark gray to gray-brown, firm, massive to poorly platy, fine sandy, micaceous siltstone, containing gypsum and car- bonaceous layers, Foraminifera, and plant remains 150 Ruff, very fine, friable, massive, micaceous sand , 0.5 Dark-gray to buff -gray, hard, massive, locally silty claystone, containing thin sandy streaks, carbonaceous material, and common gypsum 6.5 Gray, soft to friable, very fine, massive, micaceous sand 1 Dark-gray, hard to tough, finely sandy, massive claystone, containing rare small borings ' 0.5 Gray to yellowish-white, very fine, friable to loose, micaceous, massive sand, containing rare femic mineral grains, carbonaceous material, and an occasional gypsum layer 1.5 Dark-gray to gray-brown, firm, massive, poorly sorted, fine sandy siltstone 2 Dark-gray, firm, massive, micaceous claystone, containing abundant, well-preserved Foraminifera 3 Gray, indurated, massive siltstone shell 0.5 Dark-gray, firm, massive, micaceous claystone, containing abundant well-preserved Foraminifera 4.5 Gray to gray-brown, firm, massive, very micaceous siltstone, containing abundant Foraminifera 42 Gray to brown-gray, firm to friable siltstone and interbedded sand. The sands are fine-grained and micaceous and there are Foraminifera in the silt layers 17 White to gray, very fine, friable, massive to thin-bedded, mica- ceous sand, containing occasional hard siltstone concre- tions ^ Dark-gray, firm, massive claystone, containing occasional fine gray sand layers < Ruff gray interbedded massive siltstone and very line, friable, massive to thin-bedded, micaceous sand !•' 22 Special Report 9 Feet Gap 10 Muff to stray, very fine, friable, massive, micaceous inter- bedded sand and siltslone containing carbonaceous material 7.5 Dark-gray, soft, slightly silty, micaceous claystone, with thin, fine gray sand streaks in middle 1.5 Gray to huff, friable, fine-grained, micaceous, indurated, con- cretionary sand, containing occasional ocher stains and concretions 1 Dark-gray, soft, micaceous, crumbly claystone, containing Foraminifera 4 Gray, friable, fine-grained, micaceous, carbonaceous sand, containing occasional calcareous concretions 1 Dark-gray, soft, silty, micaceous claystone, containing scat- tered glauconite and gypsum 8 Fee\ 428 Basal glauconitic standstone. SECTION 6 Section of the upper Dos Palos shale member of the Ifo- reno formation in Exciirpado Canyon, sec. S, T. 15 S., R. 12 E., M.I)., Fresno County, California. Lodo formation, gray, firm, silty, argillaceous, micaceous siltstone, containing Foraminifera. Feet Gray-brown, firm, silty, micaceous shale 17 Dark-green, white weathering, fine sandy, firm to friable, ar- gillaceous siltstone, containing very abundant glaucon- ite and gypsum layers near the middle G Brown, firm, massive, mieromicaceous, silty, occasionally car- bonaceous shale 10 Gap 5 Dark chocolate-brown, rather soft, massive, slightly silty shale 9 Gap 8 Drown, fairly firm, slightlv silty, micaceous, massive to poorly bedded shale 18 Gap 10 Dark-brown, fairly firm, massive, slightly silty shale 7 Gap 5 Shale, same as above but with fine sandy beds 10 Gap 10 Dark gray-brown, firm to hard, massive, slightly silty, shale, in places with a purplish or reddish cast, and contain- ing Foraminifera 35 Dark purplish-gray, gritty, firm, massive shale, containing abundant glauconite in thin layers 35 Dark gray-brown to gray-brown, firm, massive, slightly silty, slightly micaceous shale, containing rare carbonaceous material and abundant glauconite 10 195 Gray-brown, concretionary, firm, massive, somewhat clayey, micaceous Cima sandstone lentil of the Dos Palos shale member of the Moreno formation. It con- tains rare carbonaceous material. SECTION 7 Section of Cima sandstone tentil of the Dos Palos shale memher of the Moreno formation, sec. #, T. 15 8., R. 12 E., M.D., Escarpado Canyon, Fresno County, California. Gray-brown, firm, massive, slightly micaceous, glauco- nitic upper Dos Palos shale of the Moreno formation. Feet Gray-brown, very fine, silty, firm to hard, massive, somewhat clayey, micaceous, concretionary sandstone, containing rare carbonaceous material and fossil fragments. It is nonporous in part and in places is cemented with cal- careous material 20 Brown-gray to purplish-gray, firm to hard, massive, mica- ceous, vermiculitic sandstone, containing megafossil casts and a 1-inch coal layer 15 Gray-brown to purplish-gray, firm standstone, containing vermiculite, and rare carbonaceous material. There is an irregular concretionary layer at the center and the lower 5 feet are chocolate brown and clayey 20 Brownish to purplish-gray, very fine and silty, massive, tough, argillaceous sandstone, containing vermiculite, carbona- ceous material, and scattered "eannonball" concretions 30 85 Brown shale of the lower Dos Palos shale member of the Moreno formation. Gradational contact with very abundant rounded small concretions reaching 1 foot in diameter. The con- cretions gradually disappear and the shale becomes less silty downward. SECTION 8 Hection in Ores Canyon, 1'unoche Hills, sec. 12, T. llf S., R. 11 E., M.D., Fresno County, California. Terrace material Continental Miocene beds Green-gray, massive, silty and fine sandy, bentonitic ( ?) claystone White, silty and muddy, poorly consolidated, poorly sorted sand, containing abundant fossils Green, muddy, sandy silt containing fossils in soft massive silt White, muddy, coarse, only fairly well consolidated conglom- erate, varying from coarse sand to pebbles and boulders, and including Pecten andersoni and associated fauna — Chaney Ranch sandstone formation. White, fine- to medium grained, anauxitic, friable, clean, porous, sandstone, containing a few scattered dark grains Feet 10 1 2 2 15 25 25 Capita shale member of the Domengine formation. Green-gray, white-weathering, friable, muddy silt, containing a few mica flakes and dark mineral grains ; the upper 1 foot is a purple color and the half a foot below it is yellow-buff in color 8 Yellow-buff, very fine, firm to hard, calcareous sandstone, con- taining gypsum layers and concretions 1 Green-gray, soft to friable, muddy silt, containing rather com- mon mica ; the middle 1 foot is purple to violet colored 4 Green-gray, white weathering-, muddy silt, containing some mica and forming a firm to hard calcareous reef; the upper 1 foot is yellow-buff 5 Yellow-buff, very fine, firm to hard sandstone, calcareously cemented 0..) Greenish-gray, soft to friable, muddy, massive silt 8.5 Yellow-buff, calcareous, firm sandstone, containing common gypsum layers 1 White-gray to greenish-gray, very fine, clean, friable silt, containing pink to red-stained streaks 12 Gray to yellow, soft to friable shale, containing buff, green, lavender and red streaks, tine sandy silt layers; and is muddy and clayey locally. The upper half a foot is a cal- careous hard buff reef 20 GO Nonada sandstone member of the Domengine formation. White-gray, fine silty sandstone with a green cast, and con- taining sub-rounded grains; the upper 1 foot is a cal- careous yellow-buff reef of gypsum layers ami soft to firm, fine-grained sand — 10 Yellow to buff, tine, silty, slightly micaceous, hard, calcareous sandstone, containing fossils 2 Type Moreno Formation 23 Gr Yc Ye Feet 2 ecu-gray, fine, silty, soft sandstone, with red iron stains— llow-liuff tn rust-colored, fine-grained, silty, slightly mica- ceous sandstone containing sub-rounded grains, small, dark to black, rounded grains, abundant gypsum layers, and thin calcareous concretionary layers Ilow-buff-gray, firm, calcareous, irregularly concretionary sandstone, varying in thickness from a few inches to 2 feet, and containing gypsum layers, Turritella buwal- iIiiiki, and other mnllusks 29 TjUyunu Seen sandstone fovmtttion. Wliite, fine-grained, silty in part, soft to friable sandstone, containing common femic mineral grains and wavy dark mica flakes 60 Yellow to buff, concretionary, firm to hard, irregular sand- stone, containing abundant dark green to black mica with a wavy texture 1 White, fine-grained, soft to friable, clean and porous to silty and only fairly well-washed sandstone, containing green to black wavy mica flakes, and common dark mineral grains 70 ■"bite, fine-grained, soft to friable sandstone, containing red to violet stains and a few scattered concretions 21 Soft, white to dark gray, friable sandstone and silt containing abundant mica with irregular platy, yellow-buff concre- tionary layers ranging from 1 foot to several feet thick, and containing abundant mica and dark femic minerals 15 White, massive to thin-bedded, friable sandstone, containing yellow and buff layers and common mica and femic grains. The upper 2 feet are dark gray, massive, mica- ceous, muddy, soft silt, containing vivid red-colored streaks, gypsum layers, and small occasional concretions 20 Yellow to buff, fine-grained, thinly bedded, firm to hard sand- stone, containing abundant mica and some gypsum layers 1 Green-gray, massive, soft, red and violet, abundantly mica- ceous, muddy siltstone. containing irregular-colored streaks 7 Fine, thin-bedded sandstone, thinly streaked with yellow- buff and violet colors, and containing gypsum layers and some concretionary layers with platy, firm, fine-grained, abundantly micaceous sand 1 White, friable to soft, tine-grained sandstone, containing abundant mica and femic grains. The upper 1 foot is a dark-gray, muddy and micaceous silt, containing yellow and buff-colored streaks Concretionary, calcareous, hard, tine, micaceous, irregularly bedded sandstone, thin-bedded in part 1 White, soft and friable, tine-grained, micaceous, thin-bedded to massive, poorly washed sandstone, containing com- mon femic grains and common green mineral grains. The upper 1 foot is dark gray, muddy, micaceous silt — 12 Firm to hard, fine-grained, silty sandstone, containing abund- ant mica and dark grains, occasional concretionary layers coated and interspersed with gypsum layers 1 Purple to lavender, massive, soft and crumbly, silty and mica- ceous mudstone, containing gypsum layers and scattered sand grains White, friable, fine-grained, thinly bedded, soft sandstone, containing abundant mica and femic mineral grains ._ 5.5 Yellow-buff, thin-bedded, firm sandstone, includes small con- cretions and gypsum : 0.5 White, tine-grained, fairly clean and porous, micaceous, fri- able, massive sandstone, containing common femic K rniiis 8 White, fine-grained, fairly clean, friable, massive sandstone, locally yellow- to brilliant red-colored, and containing several irregular concretionary reefs with abundant gypsum at top 14.5 Yellow-buff, firm to friable sandstone reef, containing very abundant green to Mack micas 0.i> Thin-bedded, friable, and easily weathered silt. There are tine silt and fine sand layers and occasionally a gray muddy silt layer 10 Feet Buff sandstone layer containing gypsiferous concretions and abundant mica and dark grains 1 White, fine-grained, friable sandstone, silty in part and con- taining sub-angular grains, some irregular 1-foot concre- tionary layers, common mica, and femic grains 15 Gap 5 Yellow-buff, platy, tine-grained, friable sandstone, containing- ing abundant mica 5 White, fine-grained, soft-weathering, micaceous sandstone, containing silty streaks, dark femic grains, and gypsum layers 10 Gap 25 White, fine-grained, silty, friable sandstone, porous in part, and containing common mica 5 Gray to buff, platy, tine-grained sandstone, containing very abundant mica 1 White, fine-grained, silty sandstone, containing scattered femic grains, common mica, and porous streaks; there is half a foot of muddy, gray, clayey layers near the middle, and a few scattered poorly developed concre- tions 10 Buff, fine-grained, platy, friable sandstone, containing very abundant mica flakes from white and green to dark in color. It has yellow-buff concretions as much as 2 feet thick " 2 Gap, soil cover 45 White, fine-grained, clean and porous to silty and friable, micaceous sandstone, containing scattered femic min- erals and buff and yellow stained silty layers and silt streaks 15 Gray, fine-grained, hard, platy, micaceous sandstone 1 White, fine-grained, friable sandstone, containing a few femic grains 5 Gray, platy, hard, indurated sandstone, which splits into thin plates 1 406 Cima sand lentil of the Dos Palos member of the Moreno formation. Brown to chocolate-brown, silty, micaceous, firm to crumbly shale, with a rounded fracture, and containing yellow and gray streaks and thin silt and sand layers 10 Gray to buff, fine-grained, hard and calcareous, concretionary, irregular-bedded, gypsum shell-covered sand 1 Brown to chocolate-brown, rather muddy, massive shale ; silty, with dark mineral grains and small micaceous flakes, and containing gray streaks ; silty and fine sandy streaks, fine sand and silt layers; two irregular concre- tionary, calcareous, yellow-buff to gray colored gypsum shell covered reefs 1«* An irregular concretionary layer of yellow to buff, hard, cal- careous, fine, micaceous sand, commonly covered with a gypsum layer ■*• Brown to chocolate-brown, silty, crumbly, micaceous shale, containing gypsum layers, yellow and gray-colored streaks, thin sand and silt layers, and common mica .__ 12 Irregular, yellow and buff, micaceous sand bed, of fine- to medium-grained, hard, calcareous reefs and soft white sand. It contains abundant gypsum and has a cavern- mis gypsum covering which is commonly exposed 2 Brown to chocolate-brown, crumbly, fine sandy, silty shale with gray streaks, thin sand and silt layers, gypsum layers and streaks, and black femic mineral grains and mica ,J Buff to yellow-gray, calcareous, compact, fine-grained, mica- ceous sand, containing gypsum layers and forming an irregular concretionary reef 1 Brown to chocolate-brown, crumbly, silty, micaceous shale__ 2 Concretionary, hard, buff, calcareous, fine- to medium-grained, somewliat platy but irregular sand, containing gypsum layers 24 Special Report 9 Feet Soft, fine-grained, silly gray sand with a greon stain 2 Finn, silt.v and fine sandy gray shale with brown streaks 2 Yellow-huff, medium-grained, concretionary sand, containing abundant light to green colored mica, and firm to bard gypsum layers 3 White-gray, silty, friable, fairly porous sand, containing light green and yellow stains, few micas, angular grains, and abundant dark femic mineral grains 5.5 Brown to chocolate-brown, silty and micaceous, massive, muddy and crumbly shale 1 Red. silty, friable, muddy shale, containing abundant white and light-colored micas. The upper half is a huff color 0.5 White-gray, finegrained, friable, irregularly concretionary, silty sand, containing yellow-buff layers, angular grains, and common micas of several shades of color 4 Gray to buff, irregularly concretionary, friable sand with hard gypsum layers 1 69 Lower contact is with the lower Dos Palos shale member of the Moreno formation, which is characteristically brown, massive, crumbly, finely silty, has local mica, gypsum layers, "cannonball" concretions, and larger concretions of calcareous, silty, fine-grained sand. Total thickness of section described 604 SECTION 9 Section of the Mercy sandstone lentil of the Moreno shale formation in tlie type section, sec. 15, T. 16 8., /?. 12 E., M.D., Panache quadrangle, Fresno County, California. Upper contact with the upper Tierra Loma shale member of the Moreno. Feet Yellowish-gray, fine- to medium-grained, friable sandstone, with occasional soft, carbonaceous, gypsum-coated con- cretions, interbedded with 1 foot to 2 feet shale beds which are brown to black in color, slightly silty and micaceous, massive to poorly bedded, and with common gypsum 30 Brown to chocolate-brown, massive to semi-platy, slightly silt.v shale, containing light-brown to black streaks, and common gypsum layers 5 Gray, fine, friable, angular-grained sandstone, containing abundant dark grains, and scattered concretions 28 Dark-brown to black, semi-platy, silty shale 2 Gray, fine-grained, massive, friable sandstone, containing femic mineral grains 15 Gray, fine- to medium-grained, massive, friable sandstone; it is poorly sorted with some large grains 5 Brown to black, slightly silty and micaceous, semi-platy, shale, containing thin light-brown weathered streaks and rounded fractures 5 Gray, fine- to medium-grained, friable, angular sandstone, containing abundant dark grains, and a few scattered micas 20 Brown to black, firm, massive to semi-platy, slightly silty shale, containing rounded platy fractures interbedded in 1 to 3 foot beds with whitish-gray, fine- to medium- grained, partly poorly sorted sandstone, containing nu- merous colored mineral grains 20 Whitish-gray, fine to coarse, poorly sorted, friable sandstone, containing common dark grains 20 Chocolate-brown to black, semi-platy, slightly silty, firm shale, containing fish scales and Foraminifera 3 Fine- to medium-grained, poorly sorted, friable, locally thin- bedded, concretionary, medium-grained, brown-weather- ing, sandstone, containing scattered dark, black, red, and green angular grains, and a few scattered small micas - — 35 188 Lower contact with the lower Tierra Loma shale member of the Moreno formation. SECTION 10 Section of the Laguna Seca sandstone formation at the type section, north branch of Layuna Seca Canyon, sec. IS, T. 12 8., R. 11 E., M.D., Charleston School quad- rangle, Merced County, California. Yellow, calcareous, ferruginous "reefs" of the Domengine formation. Gray to brown-gray, tough, massive, argillaceuos, micaceous, iron-stained siltstone, containing rare carbonaceous material, common ocher, and gypsum and yellow sul- phurous layers Gray, fine, indurated, massive, dense, well-cemented sand- stone, containing common femic minerals and abundant gypsum Gray to brownish-gray, soft to tough, massive, argillaceous, micromicaceous, fine sandy siltstone, containing some gypsum and carbonaceous layers, and plant remains— Gray, indurated, massive, fine-grained, poorly sorted sand- stone Gray to brown-gray, soft, massive, finely sandy, tight siltstone Dark-gray to brownish-gray, tough to firm, massive mudstone, containing common silty, iron-stained, and carbonaceous layers Gray to brownish-gray, massive, tough to firm, micaceous, finely sandy, somewhat muddy and clayey siltstone, with rare shaly layers Gray to buff -gray, very fine, silty, massive, micaceous, friable sandstone, containing irregular concretionary beds and abundant femic minerals Gap Gray to buff-gray, fine-grained, friable, massive sandstone, containing abundant mica and femic grains Gap Gray to buff-gray, fine-grained, friable, massive, micaceous sandstone, containing gypsum layers, concretionary layers, petrified wood in concretions, and occasional fos- sil fragments Gap Gray, buff-weathering, fine-grained, friable, silty sandstone, containing abundant mica and numerous irregular con- cretionary layers of brown, calcareous-cemented, gypsi- ferous sand Gap Gray to buff, fine-grained, friable, massive, silty, micaceous, fairly well-cemented sandstone, containing carbonaceous material, concretions containing poorly preserved mega- fossils, and pertified wood with Teredo borings Gap Gray, fine-grained, friable, massive, silty, micaceous sand- stone, with concretions containing petrified wood and poorly preserved megafossils (Jap Sandstone, same as above with hard concretionary layers at top and base Buff-gray to light-brown, firm, massive, micaceous, finely sandy siltstone, containing common gypsum layers and occasional carbonaceous concretions Gray to buff, fine-grained, silty, friable, massive sandstone, containing concretionary layers and abundant carbo- naceous material Gap - Gray, fine- to very fine-grained, friable, massive, micaceous, silty sandstone, containing common concretionary layers, silty layers, and fossil wood with abundant Teiedo borings Gray to buff-gray, firm, micaceous, finely sandy siltstone Chocolate-brown, massive, slightly silty, semi-platy, white-weathering Marca shale member of the Moreno, containing Siphogenerinoides whitei casts. Feet 50 40 1 4 20 20 75 7 53 20 32 15 113 72 10 220 00 1,120 Type Moreno Formation 25 APPENDIX B FOSSIL REGISTERS MICROFOSSIL REGISTER 18 L.S.J. U. Loc. M-140 16 Fresno County, Panoche quadrangle, southeastern Panoche Hills, SE. corner NW} sec. 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E., M.D., 2600 feet S. and 1900 feet E. of NW. corner sec. 8, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. Escarpado Canyon is the first canyon north of Panoche Creek heading in the high ridge-forming Panoche formation, drains east- ward into the valley, and cuts through the whole Moreno section. Formation. Lodo, Cerros member. Stratigraphic position. 180 feet stratigraphieally above the top of glauconitic sand at base of Lodo. Locality is 260 feet strati- graphically above the brown shale of the Dos Palos. Anomalina garzaensis Cassidulina globosa Cibicides martinezensis of Cush- man and Siegfus (not of Cushman and Barksdale) pseudo-ungerianus Dentalina approximata consobrina obliquesuturata Ellipsonodosaria annulifera Epistomina eocenica Eponides minimum umbonatus sp. Gaudryina coalingensis Globigerina bulloides and Globorotalia aragonensis crassata crassata densa Giimbelina venezuelana Gyroidina scrobiculata Lagena Isabella conscripta Marginulinopsis subbullata Nodosarella sp. Nodosa ria consobrina Nonion wilcoxensis Pseudoglandulina conica Pseudouvigerina w T i!coxensis Pleurostomella nuttalli Siphonina wilcoxensis Vaginulinopsis alticostatus sp. others L.S.J. U. Loc. M-145=° Fresno County, Panoche quadrangle, locality given as middle of NWJ sec. 13, T. 14 S., R. 11 E., M.D. Formation. Morneo, Marca shale member. Collector. S. P. Welles Bulimina cf. B. prolixa Valvulineria "pachecoensis" and others L. S. J. U. Loc. M-151 Merced County, Charleston School quadrangle, Laguna Seca Creek drainage, 1600 feet W., 1900 feet N. of SE. corner sec. 14, T. 12 S., R. 10 E., M.D. Formation. Panoche, Cretaceous. Collector. H. G. Schenck and M. B. Payne, November, 1940. 4860-70 Bulimina cf. B. prolixa spinata Eponides sp. Nodosaria arundinea spinifera Robulus sp. Inoceramus prisms 4870-80 Bolivina incrassata Bulimina prolixa spinata Gyroidina globosa octocamerata Nodosaria consobrina nuda spinifera Robulus lepidus macrodiscus Inoceramus prisms 4880-90 Bulimina spinata Eponides Guttulina trigonula Gyroidina globosa Nodosaria arundinea spinifera Robulus lepidus macrodiscus Inoceramus prisms 4890-4900 Bulimina .spinata Eponides sp. Guttulina trigonula Nodosaria sp. Palmula cf. P. pilulifera Robulus lepidus macrodiscus 4900-4910 Bulimina spinata Cyclammina sp. Guttulina trigonula Marginulina bulla ta Robulus macrodiscus Silicosigmoilina californica Inoceramus prisms 4910-4920 Bathysiphon sp. Cyclammina sp. Silicosigmoilina californica Note: Sample A is 5000 feet stratigraphically below base of Kreyenhagen. L.S.J. U. Loc. M-152 =l Fresno County, Panoche quadrangle, about 2500 feet upstream from angle in "Right Angle Canyon", 1500 feet S., 2400 feet E of NW. corner sec. 12, T. 15 S., R. 11 E., M.D. Formation. Panoche, Cretaceous. Collector. Max Payne, 1940 Ammodiscus sp. Silicosigmoilina californica Bathysiphon sp. "Spiroplectoides" clotho Gaudryina sp. Trochammina sp. Right Angle Canyon section 18 Check lists of Foraminifera made by H. G. Schenck and Lois T. Martin, Stanford University. 18 Provisional identifications by Lois T. Martin. H. G. Schenck comments that M-140 contains the same Foraminifera as are in the lower type Lodo. 20 University of California Locality A-2953. 0-1 Bathysiphon sp. Cyclammina sp. Haplophragmoides sp. Silicosigmoilina californica 1-2 Bathysiphon sp. Bulimina obtusa Cyclammina sp. Gyroidina sp. Silicosigmoilina sp. 2-3 Bathysiphon sp. Cyclammina sp. Haplophragmoides sp. Silicosigmoilina californica 3-4 Bathysiphon sp. Cibicides sp. Cyclammina sp. Eponides umbonatus Robulus navarroensis cf. loetterle Stensioina sp. 6-7 Cyclammina sp. Gaudryina crassaformis Cush- man and Campbell Silicosigmoilina californica Trochammina globigeriniformis 8-9 Bathysiphon sp. Cyclammina sp. Silicosigmoilina californica 9-10 Bulimina obtusa Cibicides sp. a * Discorbis allomorphinoides Eponides spinea umbonatus Gaudryina cf. G. crassaformis Gyroidina depressa globosa von Hagenow Haplophragmoides Pleurostomella Robulus cf. R. lepidus Cushman and Church macrodiscus Nodosaria ewaldi spinifera Nodosaria sp. Silicosigmoilina californica 10-11 Ammodiscus sp. Bulimina sp. obtusa Cibicides sp. a * Eponides cf. E. spinea Gyroidina depressa cf. G. globosa Haplophragmoides Nodosaria alternata soluta Robulus cf. R. lepidus macrodiscus Silicosigmoilina californica 11-12 Ammodiscus sp. Cibicides sp. a * Cyclammina sp. Dentalina sp. Eponides umbonatus Gyroidina depressa Nodosaria spinifera Robulus lepidus Silicosigmoilina californica 21 Identifications are provisional. 26 Special Report 9 Silicosigmoilina ealifornica Stensioina sp. Inoceramus prisms 17-18 Bulimina obtusa (sharp pointed, ornamented with fine striae) Cibicides sp. a * Eponides ef. E. spinea cf. E. umbonatus Globotruncana area Gyroidina depressa Marssonella oxycona Nodosaria spinifera (fragment) Robulus lepidus sp. Silicosigmoilina ealifornica Stensioina excolata narrow, limbate sutures, dorsal side 13-14 Bathysiphon sp. Haplophragmoides sp. Silicosigmoilina ealifornica 15-16 Bathysiphon sp. Haplophragmoides sp. Silicosigmoilina ealifornica 16-17 Ammodiseus sp. Bathysiphon sp. Cibicides sp. Eponides sp. Gyroidina sp. Haplophragmoides sp. Marginulina sp. * Sp. a, about 18 chambers, with thickened umbilical coil. Note : Composite sample. L. S. J. U. Loc. M-202A 22 Merced County, Ortigalita quadrangle, Ortigalita Creek, 1750 feet W. and 350 feet N. of SE. corner sec. 29, T. 11 S., R. 10 E., M.D. Formation. Panoche, Cretaceous. Stratigraphic Position. About 2000 feet stratigraphically be- low top of Panoche formation and about 300 feet stratigraphically below sand that should be Bennison's B of his Quinto. 30-35 Bolivina incrassata Reuss of Cushman and Campbell Bulimina inflata of Galloway and Morrey quadrata Plummer of Cushman and Parker spinata Cushman and Campbell Ceratobulimina sp. Dentalina cf. D. confluens Reuss of Cushman lomeiana d'Orbigny of Cushman megapolitana of Cushman and Jarvis reussi Neuge of Sandidge soluta Reuss of Plummer Epistomina caracolla Roemer of Cushman and Church Eponides sp. cf. E. umbonatus Reuss Frondicularia sp. of Cushman and Campbell Globulina lacrima Reuss of Cushman Guttulina trigonula Reuss of Cushman Gyroidina globosa (von Hagenow) nitida Reuss of Loetterle Marginulina cf. M. hronni of Cushman and Campbell bullata Reuss of Cushman and Campbell striato-carinata Cushman and Campbell Nodosaria cf. N. intercostata Reuss of Cushman nuda Reuss of Cushman and Campbell spinifera Cushman and Campbell Palmula pilulifera Cushman and Campbell Robulus cf. R. lepidus Reuss of Cushman and Church cf. R. macrodiscus Reuss of Cushman and Jarvis sp. williamsoni Reuss of Cushman Saracenaria cf. S. acutauricularis of AVhite Vaginulina simondsi (fragment) Garzas Creek section Stanislaus -County, Pacheco Pass quadrangle, Garzas Creek. Near center of SE£ sec. 19, T. 8 S., R. 8 E. Formation. Panoche, Cretaceous. Stratigraphic Position. Probably well down in the Panoche. 1-900 Bolivina incrassata Bulimina spinata Cibicides sp. Dentalina aff. D. approximata Gaudryina sp. Globotruncana area Gyroidina depressa? globosa Nonion sp. Robulus sp. 1-1400 Bathysiphon sp. Bolivina cf. B. decurrens ? Bulimina spinata Cibicides sp. Dentalina sp. a * Gyroidina depressa Marginulina stria tocarinata Nodosaria alternata Nodosaria (distinctly costate, smaller than N. late- jugata ) Pullenia sp. Robulus macrodiscus Stanislaus County, Pacheco Pass quadrangle, Garzas Creek, 2500 feet N. and 900 feet W. of SE. cor. sec. 19, T. 8 S., R. 8 E. Formation. Panoche, Cretaceous Stratigraphic Position. Probably well down in Panoche. 4 Eponides sp. Bulimina prolixa Gyroidina octocamerata Cibicides sp. Robulus lepidus Robulus lepidus Siphogenerinoides clarki Cush- man and Campbell Bulimina prolixa cf. B. spinata Cibicides sp. Anomalina } Cibicides ] 13 several species of each * Sp. a, about 18 chambers, narrow, limbate sutures, dorsal side with thickened umbilical coil. Los Banos Creek section Merced County, Ortigalita quadrangle, Los Banos Creek, 2200 feet S. and 2150 feet W. of NE. corner sec. 12, T. 11 S., R. 9 E. Formation. Panoche, Cretaceous. Stratigraphic Position. Several hundred feet below top of Panoche. Bulimina spinata (flood) Dentalina sp. Marginulina cf. M. bronni 440-450 Nodosaria cf. N. consobrina spinifera Robulus macrodiscus Inoceramus prisms 9-19 ("Mustang" X) Merced County, Ortigalita quadrangle, Los Banos Creek, 1600 feet N. and 1350 feet \V. of SE. corner sec. 11, T. 11 S., R. 9 E. Formation. Panoche, Cretaceous. Stratigraphic Position. Well down in Panoche. M Preliminary identifications by L. T. Martin, March, 1941. Bulimina quadrata Cyclammina sp. Eponides cf. E. heidingerii Gaudryina sp. Globotruncana area Reussella? Robulus sp. Silicosigmoilina ealifornica Stensioina sp. Ventilabrella ornatissima Type Moreno Formation megafossil register 27 Locality County Quadrangle Section Exact locality Formation Stratigraphic position Age Collector Faunule L.S.J.U. No. 375 Fresno Panoche.. ... 19, T. 14 S., R. 12 E. 450 ft. S., 50 ft. E. of NW cor- ner of section Domengine Near top of sand member Middle Eocene M. Payne Turritella buwaldana etc. L.S.J.U. No. 454 Fresno Panoche 17, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. 1800 ft. S., 1650 ft. W. of NE cor- ner of section Lodo __ Basal Lodo. ... Paleocene L.S.J.U. No. 460 Fresno. . Panoche 24. T. 14 S„ R. HE. 300 ft. S., 650 ft. W. of NE corner of section LagunaSeca.. Basal Laguna Seca, 300 ft. stratigraphically below Domengine Paleocene L. S. J. U. No. Fresno Panoche 13, T. 14 S., R. SEJi SEX sec. Domengine Pebble reef Middle Eocene M. Payne Amaurellina (Euspirocrommium) 2116 HE. 13. clarki (Stewart) det. M. Payne Ficopsis remondii (Gabb) Nemocardium linteum (Conrad) det. M. Keen Turritella andersoni Ectinochilus macilentus det. R. T. White Venericardia homii (Gabb) Conus sp. Galeodea tuberculiformis Hanna det. H. G. Schenck L. S. J. U. No. Fresno Panoche 13, T. 14 S., R. 1800 ft. N., 15 Domengine Pebble reef Middle Eocene M. Payne Turritella andersoni 2118 HE. ft. W. of No. 2116 Nemocardium linteum (Conrad) det. M. Keen L. S. J. U. No. Fresno . . Panoche 24, T. 14 S., R. 100 ft. S., 700 Basal Laguna Basal sand of Paleocene 2245 HE. ft. W. of NE corner of section Seca Laguna Seca L. S. J. U. No. Fresno.. Panoche 12, T. 15 S., R. 600 ft. S., 800 Panoche Top of concre- Cretaceous ... R. C. Brown Cephalopoda 2251 HE. ft. W. of NE tionary sand- S. W. Muller Baculites cf. B. fairbanksi Anderson l corner of section stone H.G.Schenck M. B. Payne det. R. C. Brown Gastropoda Perissitys breviostris (Gabb) det. Keen Turritella chicoensis Gabb det. R Brown Pelecypoda Brachidontes sp. (?) Lucina cretacea Gabb (?) Ostrea sp. (?) Parallelodon (Nanonavis) cf. P. vancouverensis (Meek) det. R. C. Brown Also some undetermined Bryozoa M. C. L. S. J. U. No. Fresno Panoche 12, T. 14 S., R. 800 ft. S., 1750 "Temblor"... 1 ft. above local Early middle H.G.Schenck Cirripedia 2252 HE. ft. E. of NW corner of section base Eocene M. B. Payne Balanus concavus Bronn Pelecypoda Chione temblorensis (Anderson) Chlamys andersoni (Arnold) Gastropoda Turritella ocoyana Conrad det. and notes by M. Keen and H. G. Schenck L. S. J. U. No. Merced Panoche-.. .. 18, T. 12 S., R. 1600 ft. N., 2200 Laguna Seca.. 350 ft. above Paleocene H.G.Schenck Turritella pachecoensis and associated 2253 11 E. ft. E. of SW corner of section base M. B. Payne fauna L. S. J. U. No. Fresno Panoche 19, T. 14 S., R. 2000 ft. N., 500 Domengine. -. 85 ft. above base Middle Eocene H.G.Schenck Turritella buwaldana etc. 2254 12 E. ft. E. of SW cor- ner of section of Domengine M. B. Payne L. S. J. U. No. 2290 Fresno 8 T 15 S R 1100ft E 2700 Paleocene H.G.Schenck Large Echini 12 E. ft. S. of NW cor- Cerros sand M. B. Payne Gastropods ner of section Nov. 1940 Pelecypods L. S. J. U. No. 8, T. 15 S., R. 2700 ft. S., 800 Moreno Cimasand lentil Paleocene S. W. Muller Tornatellaea sp. similar to T. pinguis det. 2292 12 E. ft. E. of NW corner of section H.G.Schenck R. C. Brown M. B. Payne S. W. Muller L. S. J. U. No. Panoche 8, T. 15 S., R. 2600 ft. S., 600 Moreno Near top of low- Paleocene S. W. Muller ?Lucina cretacea Gabb 2293 12 E. ft. E. of NW corner of section er Dos Palos shale and just below Cimasand lentil H.G.Schenck R. C. Brown M. B. Payne Tornatellaea sp. 28 Special Report 9 MEGAFOSSIL REGISTER— Continued Locality L. S. J. U. No. 2311 L. S. J. U. No. 2320 L. S. J. U. No. 2321 L. S. J. U. No. 2322 L. S. J. U. No. 2341 L. S. J. U. No. 2372 L. S. J. U. No. 2382 County Fresno. Merced _ Fresno. Fresno. Merced . Merced. Merced. Quadrangle Panoche. Panoche. Panoche. Panoche. Panoche. Charleston School Charleston School Section 19, T. 14 S., R. 12 E. 19, T. 11 S., R. 10 E. 30, T. 14 3„ R. 12 E. 30, T. 14 S., R. 12 E. 28, T. 11 S., R. 12 E. 12, T. 12 S., R. 10 E. 33, T. 11 S., R. 10 E. Exact locality 2100 ft. S., 600 600ft.E.ofNW corner of section 1700 ft. S., 400 ft. W. of NE corner of section 1700 ft. S., 1350 ft. E. of NW corner of section 1650 ft. N. 2000 ft. E. of SW cor- ner of section 2500 ft. S., 1400 ft. E. of NW corner of section 1200 ft. N., 1650 ft. E. of SW cor- ner of section 3150 ft. N„ 400 ft. W. of SE cor- ner of section Formation Domengine Capita shale Panoche. Domengine Domengine Panoche . Moreno. Panoche. Stratigraphic position 55 ft. above up- per fossil reef of Domengine and 400 ft. below Kreyenhagen shale 1000 ft. below top of Panoche Middle of 100 ft. of Domengine sand Upper reef of Domengine sand near top of sand member At base of sand unit at top of of Panoche At top of Mercy sand lentil Top of Panoche Age Middle Eocene Upper Cret- aceous Middle Mio- cene Middle Eocene Upper Creta- ceous Upper Creta- ceous Upper Creta- ceous Collector S. W. MuUer H.G.Schenck R. C. Brown M. B. Payne M. B. Payne M. B. Payne R. C. Brown Gary Ellis Ivan Wilson H.G.Schenck M. B. Payne M. B. Payne Faunule Exputens alexi etc. Abundant foraminifera Turritella buwaldana etc. Turritella buwaldana etc. Acila (Truncacila) princeps described by H. G. Schenck, type locality Glycymeris veatchii (Gabb) Acila sp. indet. Hamites sp. Tenea inflata Gabb Dr. Hubert Lyman Clark examined a fossil fragment from L. S. J. U. Locality No. 2290 and reported that it resembled I.inthia or Brissus, possibly Brissus kewi G. and H., but better material is needed for an identification. Dr. Bruce L. Clark identified a specimen from this same locality L. S. J. U. No. 2290 as Copkocara but not the same species as Cophocara stantoni Stewart which was from the "Cretaceous". C. C. Church and G. D. Hanna collected in the Panoche Hills at the Cal. Acad. Sci. Loc. 37318, Flabellum remondianum Gabb, "Neptunea" cretacea (Gabb), Brachyspkingus sinualus Gabb, "Lu- cina" n. sp., Acila sp., Dentalium. By letter H. G. Schenck stated that these fossils probably came from the Cima sand below the glauconitic shale at the base of the Lodo formation. John W. Wells commented on Flabellum sent him by H. G. Schenck from Jergins Chaney Ranch Well No. 1 (5800 ft.) and said it may be part of F. californicum (Vaughan), an Eocene species, or part of F. remondianum Gabb, Eocene. Schenck (written communication) states that he believes F. remondianum indicates Paleocene age, and that the genus Flabellum is not known in the Cretaceous. VERTEBRATE REGISTER Locality County Quadrangle Section Exact locality Formation Stratigraphic position Age Faunule C.I.T. No. 328— Fresno. Panoche. _ . . 36, T. 14 S., R. HE.. 800 ft. S., 300 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Moreno. 140 ft. below Marca shale. . Upper Cretaceous ... Mosasaur C.l.T. No. 331 — Fresno Panoche 36, T. 14 S., R. HE.. 900 ft. S., 400 ft. E. of NE cor- ner of section. Moreno 175 ft. below Marca shale .. Upper Cretaceous C.I.T. No. 336... Fresno Panoche . 36, T. 14 S., R. HE.. 800 ft. S., 1050 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Moreno 425 ft. below Marca shale . . Upper Cretaceous ... Trachodon C.I.T. No. 337... Fresno. .... Panoche 25, T. 14S..R. HE.. 2500 ft. S., 850 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Moreno. . .. 10 ft. below Marca shale Upper Cretaceous Plesiosaur C.I.T. No. 338... Fresno Panoche . 13, T. 14 S„ R. HE.. 1000 ft. S., 650 ft. E. of NW corner of section. Moreno.. . 135 ft. below Marca shale.. Upper Cretaceous Saurian? Plesiosaur C.I.T. No. 339... Fresno Panoche 36, T. 14 S., R. HE.. 1000 ft. S., 750 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Moreno 390 ft. below Marca shale. _ Upper Cretaceous Saurian? C.I.T. No. 340... Fresno Panoche 31, T. 14 S., R. 12 E.. 1800 ft. S„ 50 ft. E. of NW corner of section. Moreno 20 ft. above base of Marca shale. Upper Cretaceous Plesiosaur C.I.T. No. 347... Fresno.. Panoche 11, T. 14S., R. HE.. 500 ft. S., 2400 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Moreno. 680 ft. below Marca shale .. Upper Cretaceous Saurian tail C.I.T. No. 354... Fresno. . . . Panoche 11, T. 14S..R. HE.. 110 ft. S., 2400 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Moreno 550 ft. below Marca shale .. Upper Cretaceous Plesiosaur C.I.T. No. 357... Fresno Panoche 21, T. 16 S., R. 12 E.. 1200 ft. S., 400 ft. E. of NW corner of section. Moreno Several hundred ft. below Mercy sand. Upper Cretaceous Trachodon Type Moreno Formation VERTEBRATE REGISTER— Continued 29 Locality County Quadrangle Section Exact locality Formation Stratigraphic position Age Faunule C.I.T. No. 380... Freano Panoche . 5, T. 16 S„ R. 12E._ 700 ft. N., 100 ft. W. of SE corner of section. Moreno 40 ft. above Marc a shale Upper Cretaceous. . . Mosasaur C.I.T. No. Field Loc. "IL" Fresno Panoche 13, T. 14 S., R. HE.. 1000 ft. E., 900 ft. S. of NW corner of section. Moreno 25 ft. below Marca shale . . . Upper Cretaceous U.C. No. V3735 . Fresno _ Panoche. .. .. 13, T. US., R. HE.. 1050 ft. S., 900 ft. E. of NW corner of section. Moreno 75 ft. below Marca shale . _ _ Upper Cretaceous Mosasaur FOSSIL LOCALITIES County Quadrangle Section Exact locality Formation Stratigraphic position Age Collector Faunule Panoche. 21, T. 15 S., R. 12 E... 2450 ft. S„ 2450 ft. E. of NW corner of section. Domengine... Middle Eocene. H. G. Schenck.. Merced. _. Ortigalita 28, T. IIS., R. 10 E.._ 1450 ft. E., 2550 ft. S. of NW corner of section. Panoche 290 ft. below top of Panoche.. Upper Cretaceous M. B. Payne Megafossil Ortigalita 11, T. 11 S..R.9E.... 1650 ft. N., 1400 ft. W. of SE corner of section. Upper Cretaceous M. B. Payne Ortigalita 12, T. US., R. 9E.... 900 ft. W., 2350 ft. S. of NE corner of section. Upper Cretaceous M. B. Payne Ortigalita 12, T. 11 S., R. 9E.__. 2250 ft. S., 2150 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Upper Cretaceous M. B. Payne Inoceramus prisms Volta 35, T. 10S..R. 9E..._ 225 ft. S., 750 ft. W. of NE corner of section. "Garzas" float? ? H. G. Schenck M. B. Payne Merced . _ . Volta 27, T. 10 S., R. 9E.... 200 ft. W., 800 ft. N. of SE corner of section. "Volta" float? H. G. Schenck.. Megafossils Volta 26, T. 10 S., R. 9E..__ 1900 ft. S., 475 ft. E. of NW corner of section. Cretaceous M. B. Payne Megafossils, Ostrea sp. Merced San Luis Creek 25, T. 10 S., R. 8E.._. 1550 ft. S., 220 ft. W. of NE corner of section. M. B. Payne Megafossib Merced • Howard Ranch 14, T. 9S., R. 8E 2400 ft. S., 50 ft. E. of NW corner of section. "Quinto" silt Sand reef near middle of Quinto Cretaceous M. B. Payne Ostrea sp., Fo3sil fragments Merced... Charleston School 13, T. 12 S., R. 10 E... 1600 ft. S., 350 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Moreno. . 50 ft. above top of Panoche. . . Upper Cretaceous M. B. Payne.... Megafossils Merced Charleston School 13, T. 12 S., R. 10 E... 850 ft. S., 600 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Panoche 50 ft. below top of Panoche. .. Upper Cretaceous H. G. Schenck.. M. B. Payne Siphogenerinoides whitei Merced Charleston School 13, T. 12 S., R. 10 E... 1600 ft. N., 1750 ft. E. of SW corner of section. Panoche 350 ft. below top of Panoche .. Upper Cretaceous H. G. Schenck.. M. B. Payne Siphogenerinoides clarki var. Merced Charleston School 13, T. 12 S., R. 10 E... 2100 ft. S., 850 ft. E. of NW corner of section. Panoche Top concretionary reef of the Panoche Upper Cretaceous M. B. Payne Megafossils Merced Charleston School 14, T. 12 S., R. 10 E... 1600 ft. N., 1100 ft. W. of SE corner of section. Panoche. 4860 ft. below top of Panoche Upper Cretaceous M. B. Payne Nodosaria spinifera Inoceramus prisms Merced Charleston School 11, T. 12 S., R. 10 E... 2000 ft. S., 1300 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Moreno 450 ft. above top of Panoche. Upper Cretaceous M. B. Payne Megafossils Merced Charleston School 11, T. 12 S„ R. 10 E... 2500 ft. S., 2500 ft. W. of NE corner of section. Panoche Upper Creticeous... M. B. Payne Megafossils Merced Charleston School 1, T. 12 S., R. 10E... 100 ft. N., 1050 ft. E. of SW corner of section. Laguna Seca.. 100 ft below top M. B. Payne.... Megafossils Merced Charleston School 1,T. 12 S., R. 10 E... 700 ft. N., 400 ft. E. of SW corner of section. Laguna Seca.. M. B. Payne Megafossils Fresno Panoche 5, T. 15 S., R. 12 E... 1900 ft. N., 100 ft. E. of SW corner of section. Domengine Middle Eocene H. G. Schenck. . M. B. Payne Megafossils 41152 3-51 2M " 1 1 E Ms? Is £ - 59 ° ° No"™"oj"oao7 £SS,VS'«™™ 5 a z T ill 1 3 2 1 1 3 3 1 ! a ! I I i a | 5 s a s 1 VA Wi E if i I s 1N3D3U J.3~33^. , A«VIJ.W31 t-3N3D03HVd*-- Sn030V13M0 d3dd _| 1 2 y_ u I y ^ s §2 feu L , n U s i " a g d b 3 l Ul Ul z 2 > 5 v cr _ u ° * 2 * y uj u t 01 5: q 1 cr _i - i_ z h- u. < X - o LJ en" Z •- 10 U _l ft > 3 5. _i y < CL U < 1 £ fe ; ^ -1 t- **■ ? V) to COMPARATIVE COLUMNAR SECTIONS SHOWING NOMENCLATURE THICKNESSES FROM MAP CALCULATIONS DISCONFORMITY h~ WITH PALEOCENE- rv DOS PALOS SH- MARCA SH. TIERRA LOMA SH: ^ MERCY SAND LENTIL-* LODO FORMATION DOSADOS SD. 6 SH.- P OF PANOCI FORMAT 10 N- TOP OF PANOCHE^ TIERRA LOMa SH. 5 MILES SOJTH OF PANOCHE CR NEAR CERROS HILL DOS PALOS SH. 2.5 MILES SOUTH PANOCHE- SILVER CR. JUNCTION TIERRA LOMA SH. Fonm Fauna I X ESCARPAOO CANYON MAX B. PAYNE, APRIL, 1941 THICKNESSES AFTER OTHER WORKERS DOSADOS SD ft SH CHANEY RANCH CANYON TIERRA LOMA SH. UJ x-*i O O < g 3 O 1 s S 2 >- o LACUNA SECA FORMATION VoP OF "PANOCHE" ANDERSON a PACK, 1913 LAGUNA SECA CANYON TIERRA LOMA SH. TIFRRA LOMA SH. Foram Faunal 'X' 1 ?_- ORTIGALITA CR ^ S S (k(4° TERRACE BROWN" SH~ GARZAS CR. BENNISON'S UNITS 1939 ORESTIMBA CR. F.M. ANDERSON 1940 TERRACE COVERED MUSTANG SH TOP "PANOCHE" OF ANDERSON AND PACK, 1915, AND OF. A BENNISON, I939fr LOS BANOS CREEK BENNISONS MBR. NAMES ABOVE ANAUXITIC SAND -AGE ?- GARZAS SAND MUSTANG SH. ^-TOP "PANOCHE OF A. BENNISON GARZAS SAND 'YJRESTIMBA GROUP" TOP OF PANOCHE FORMATION 4000- "*-TOP "PANOCHE" OF F.M.ANDERSON COLUMNAR SECTIONS OF THE EOCENE AND UPPERMOST CRETACEOUS SEDIMENTS IN THE PANOCHE AND LAGUNA SECA HILLS LAGUNA SECA CREEK SECTION IS, TI2S.RI1E SECTION I3.I4.20.23TI2S.RI0E KREYENHAGEN SAND DOMENGINE ? SEABOAflD-Hawaf tltV flS' sic n.T.ny.n.ni ■■!'■ etc ic3t*B0MD-l IH* Mlffcnm ftvntWttttnt't' Zfi h»*i a butt hH CtRMOi f J thWt'll.V!'** »*''•_' SEXGMAN-Ora lorn StC llj-125.fi HE Etev /63 ft* bi«4t*4 fftt fsMA/l LITHOLOGIC COLUMNAR SECTIONS OF WELLS VERTICAL 5CALE HORIZONTAL SCALE zzc