78 NfcS C5S BANCROFT UNIVERSITY CAL [FORNIA - A-rw THE EM'CFCFT LfF.F/"-FY ALBUQUERQUE INDIAN SCHOOL. FJ-7? Albuquerque New Mexico. February 17th 1883. To THE FRIENDS OF HOME MISSIONS : I desire to call your attention to this portion of the vast field covered by the operations of the Board of Home Missions of the Presbyterian Church. The Board has been conducting the Albuquerque Indian School for over two years. Indian children are lodged, fed and taught the common English branches. The School is always opened with prayer, and the pu pils all pray before retiring for the night. Immediately after breakfast and after supper family prayers are conducted by the Superintendent. On the Sabbath three services are held of an hour each, and the children are taught to recite passages of Scripture and sing hymns, and an effort is made to impress upon their minds moral obligations. The School was never in so flourishing a condition as at present. We have almost as many pupils as we can crowd into our limited quarters, and we are looking anx iously forward to the Spring when new buildings will be erected by the Government. The School is conducted under contract with the Interior Department, but the amount received from the Government is not sufficient to meet the expenses of the School. To provide for the deficit, the Board has established scholarships of $ 50 a year. When Societies or Sabbath Schools or Churches wish to help the cause, a pupil is assigned them who is considered their ward. They are privileged to give him an English name, to clothe him, and to watch over his interests. Boxes of clothing and other supplies are always acceptable. Pastors will please bear in mind that this charity is in the regular chan nel of the Church's beneficence. The Board gives the Churches an oppor tunity to determine the disposition of their offerings. The money for a scholarship in this School is to be sent directly to the Board. Many to whom this circular is sent are personally acquainted with me- to such I send greetings, and an assurance that they may without hesi tation, recommend this work to their people. All work among and for children is interesting, but it is doubly so when we can see the ignorance and degradation of barbarism disappearing be fore the light of Christian Civilization. Should I attempt to describe the difference in appearance, behavior and aptness which a few months at the school makes in the children I think, I should be regarded as a romancer. I have very efficient assistants and we are doing our best to make this School a success in every particular, and a power for good. Will you not help us ? Our most prominent philanthropists believe that the education of the youth is the only method of civilizing the Indians of our country. "\\V will, with your help, give the method a fair trial in New Mexico. I shall be very glad to hear from any one interested in this work and will cheerfully give such further information as may be desired. Yours very truly R. W. D. Bryan, Superintendent, FIRE WATER AND THE FFFEIT IT HAU ON OUK RKI) UKOIHKRS. Wlint Night have berii a Very Serious Affair I* Forlinian-ly Averted by (ho re*ifii<-<' nl iln* Iiiclinn .School <>l lion I'cdro Sniichez. (Albupucrque Journal, Dec. 10.) Yesterday morning our citizens were a little startled by seeing several wild In dians galloping through our streets. As they were fully armed and showed paint and feathers one was lead to imagine that we were still on the frontier. THE JOUR NAL reporter in searching for the cause of the warlike demonstration ran across Prof. Bryan and finding his scalp still in tact asked him if he had heard anything of the wild Indians. "!< card of them ? Well I should say I had." -Whp were they ?" "Apaches from the Mescalero agency." 'What was their business." 'They were the advance guard of a party who are coming with children for the school to take the place of some boys who r~n aw;iy.'' "How many are comin;. ''. " "There are in the party about fcyty men, women and children.'' "What will you do with them?'' :,trd and lod/e them at the school until they wantfo po back." "I should think that a great tax." 'Ye,s it is, but we can't turn them away, and when we are feeding 175 people every day, forty or so more makes little difference." "Why were these men in advance of the party ?" 'When they reached Isleta they learned that some ot' the boys had runaway and they made a forced march to reach here to see that their children were safe. When they arrived at the school two ' of them were fighting drunk, and getting it into their heads that something was wrong, made quite a demonstration." "Did they frighten anybody?"' "I. you put this in print, I say NO. At any rate we put on a bold front. But a _.unken Indian, fully armed with rifle, " and knife, is not a healthy subject to fool with. But fortunately (or us. IXm Pedro Sanchez, the Pueblo In dian agent, was there and he took charge ot them. "He is an old neighbor of their's and they knew him when they lived near Cim- maron, and they have great confidence in him. He talk-d to them and quieted them down, and later in the afternoon, when they had slept off the effects of the whisky, he gave them a good talking to. "He gave them some good advice and showed them that it was to their interests to have their children learn to work. He told them that their old wild life had now come to an end and they must prepare their children by education for another and a better life. He said that this school was the very best place for their children, and that they should compel their boys to come here and stay here. That while it was good for them to learn to read and wri'C. it was more important for them to learn to work and to live moral lives. That they should tell the l>o\-, to obey all the commands of the teachers and they should authoiize me to whip their children if they diso beyed." "Wl.at effect did Agent Sanchez's ad vice h.-ve ?" "A mo^t temarkable one. Augustin, the chief, who had been disposed to take my scaip, rose up and embraced me and !me his friend. He said that San chez was to him as a god, and every thing (hit he said should be done. He the'n brought his boy up to me and made a formal resignation -of all claim to him, and said that henceforth 1 was to be his father, and in the presence of severil of the teachers, all the Apache chiefs and all the children, he told me to whip his boy unless he did what he was told. 'This was a remarkable transformation and really wonderful that an Indian should consent to corporeal punishment. "But of course I do not suppose their opinions will last long. Under the inspir ing eloquence of Mr. Sanchez they will be willing to say and do anything, but in a day or two they will think about the same. However, I am sure some good has been done, and I am under special obli gation^ to him for his able assistance in this trouble as well as many others." "I hope you won't have any further trouble with these drunken Indians." 'I hope not, but if I do I will telephone down for help." Our reporter bid the professor good evening with a promise to be among the first to go to his help, having first passed his hand over his baldness to be certain that he was making a safe offer. THE ZUNIS An InlwrrsHiisr Talk wllli '1. .laini-s Nlrvrnmin. [Albuquenrnr Maily Ion: ': Col. fames Stevenson, the ethnologist of the Smithsonian Institution, is in the city on Jiis return from a long summer's work among the Zunis and the ruins of extinct races near that pueblo. The colonel by his annual visits here has become quite well known to our peo ple. Our young man quizzed him with the following result: "Colonel, what do you think of Elaine's "Well, it. will be a sad commentary on our form of government if we can'i stand a change of administration." "Do you think the country will prosper under democratic rule':" "After viewing the products of these fertile valleys and these rich mountains one can think of the future only as pros perous. Besides I believe Clevelar. ate with himsel' the best elements of the country and will give a good healthy tone to public affairs." id you have a successful summer's work?" Remarkably so. We have made some important discoveries. Our collec tion of antiquities is unusually large and valuable. The photographs are charac teristic and instructive. Our surveys and drawings of ancient ruins are specially stive when considered with our studies of the manner and customs, re ligious and otherwise of the Zunis." hat is the present condition of the Indians at / They are wretchedly ignorant and ided by the crudest superstition. They are to-day the most religious people on the continent." "\Vhat can be done for them?'' "A great deal. But what they need more than anything else, is education for their youth the adults are I fear incorrigible." "I heard that you had brought some children here to our school." 9) we brought two. My wife and I have considerable influence with the Indians, having visited them for several years in succession and yet we never worked so hard as we did to get these wo." 'What objection do they raise ?" "Their greatest dread seems to be lest they fall again under Mexican rule. And they fear that the children if edncated will forget the religion of their fathers." "These are the first Zuni children at ie school?" 'Yes. and I am in hopes that this will be but a beginning, and that before many years they will send many here." "I judge you think favorably of our school by the painr you took to bring children here." ''The truth is the credit of getting those children. here belongs to Mrs. Stevenson. When I saw the mothers and females weep and the old zealots praying over them, I was for giving it up, but Mrs. S. was determined and carried her point. 'But I do think this school is doing a g'rand work for this section of the country: When I see wild Apaches md Utes handling saw and hammer and doing carpenter work that would not disgrace a professional mechanic, I am very much pleased." 'You have visited the school before ?" 'I never miss paying it a visit every year. I believe Professor Bryan and h'is assistants have started well, and I shall ex pect to see within a very few years a very large institution here." "One might suppose that as you spent your time largely in studying the prehis toric man you would not have much con cern for the extant specimens of the race." iw 1 :im afraid > ou are making fun of in e. I am not a fool nor a visionary enthusiast, but a practical man who wants things done in a common sense way. I am interested personally in this country with its delight ful climate, and believe it has a future. I bought lots in Albuquerque because I be lieved it was Sure to be a large city, and 1 look upon this school as a powerful means toward developing the resources of this territory. While I am digging for relics of ancient races, and the adventur ous miner for deposits of preci ous metal, this school is operating upon the body, mind and heart of these Indians, and pre paring them to be something more than drones in this struggle for pre-eminence. Therefore, when I have. time and oppor tunity, it gives me pleasure to help pro mote this work. 1 kno*Jfrat the Zunis have natural ability, and they are indus trious, but they will never advance so long L.S they spend night after night in their religious dances." The reporter at this point bid the affa ble colonel good-bye .md bon voyage, be ing restrained from inquiries into the hidden life of the Zunis from considera tion for their long-haired war-chief, Frank Gushing it would never do for an hum ble scribler to steal the thunder of such a redoubtable warrior. -t SONS OF INDIANS. WHAT THEY HAVE BERN, AND WHAT THEY AKK BECOMING UNDER A NEW DIS PENSATION. Albuquerque Daily Democrat, Nov. 2. A few years back THE UKMOCRAT'S young man about town was warming his feet at a * log fire in the heart of the Rockies, close by one of the many booming Colorado mining camps of that day One of ihe older prospec tors present, had just returned from the near- tst ijostoffice and ha.i brought with him some papers which he proceedid to read aloud By the cuiious combination of contemporary events that the telegraphs permit us to take in at a glance, the dispatc les contained in one place a reference to some frontier out rages, charged to tne Ute Indians; while in an other place, were some very complimentary statements bearing on the secre ary of the In- lerior, Mr. Schuriz s success in his attempts to foster the Indian school at Hampton, and if possible, establish some elsewhere. "What?" said the bronzed frontier man, who had seen more than one brush with the Indian warriors, "Schools for the Indian children? The fool, does he know what he is lalking about?" "Let him try prospecting on the Ute reservation," said another of the parly, "and perhaps he might know some thing after that;" and for tt-e rest of the evening the statesmen at the log fire discussed Indian schools and their luckless projectors in a manner that would certainly hive done away with them and consigned them to the regions of impraciicable inventions for all lime to come. We somewhat felt these wise men of the west were in the wrong, but just how much in the wrong, we never realized 1:11 good fortune sent us to the now firmly es tablished school for Indian children in our city, with its enthusiastic, capable, suoerintendent, Prof. R. W. I). Bryan, and his siaff of associate teachers. The quality of work done here is in exactly opposite ratio to the structures that incloses teachers and stu- Jtius. Their quarters are narrow, insuffi cient, not to say shabby in their appearance. The work dne within, is established on the most generous plan, and with the noble pur pose ot returning in moral and intellectual cin, some ol the payment due from us modern Americans to the children of those who have be n forced to transfer to us, gener ally without their consent, the most magnifi cently endowed domain that has yet been gran ted us Anglo-Saxon men and women to occupy. So far as the problem of the perpetuity of a race allows ol discussion, within our limit ed insight, in all its marvelous ramifica tions. it would seem reasonably well-estib lished, that it is largely a quetlion of ability and willingness to grapple with one's environ ments, physical, moral and intellec ual. A slationary race may exist long, apparently prosperous, with one or more ol Ihese fac tors missing, but to an advancing one, this trinity would appear indispensable, and is it anything but the simplest b ounden duty on our part lo aid our feliow being the Indian, or at least the remnant of his ywuth, lo enter upon this new caieer, without which he must succumb like the buffalo to deg>ading and pitiful extinction. This would seem a matter of the simplest justice, but looking at the subject in another light, is the race prob- Um wiih which we are called up m to deal a mere incident or a commercial necessity? Arc we Anglo-Saxon Americans not just a litile too confident that we possess all the brains as well as the largest railroads? Is ihete not such a thing as adding to the world's imel- lectual capital a* well as iis "wattrcd stock? ' and how do we know but what, in denying or delaying which has been die aciual cise Indian; scouting all possibility of develop ment, we are simply debaring ourselves from an ingredient in our future civilization, that might prove the very salt of the social bodj? As a nation we ar<-. called upon to deal with most complicated problem. What if it should require the most composite and vigor ous race aggregates in a unit to meet the ever increasing responsibilities? Viewing the subject in this light, dare we allow a single one of those with us, however antagonistic for the lime being, to be extinguished? That some of these children may j;o back to savage ways again is no more of an argument than to claim that civilization is a failure, because it yet contains quiie a number of savages wearing the raiments of civilized life. We feel assured that these children are everywhit as intelligent and teachable as those our lore-fathers cirried wuh them, when as "Goths and Vandals," they descended en ihe effete civilization of Kome. We are quite certain that the boys and girls of the Saxon villages were no more susceptible of the French culture, introduced with the Nor man conquest into the British Isle than these legitimate wards of ours are to the American civilization. These children can be taught to spe.l, to read and to write and to draw, in a manner, that when all circumstances are considered is nu- thing less than remarkable. If any one doubt it let them make a morning call on the classes in charge of Miss Marrietle Wood and Miss L. A. Butler. They c,m be taught arithmetic and to add up mil lions with the utmost rapidity and accuracy, as the class of Miss L. F. Tibbals more than proves. They can be made subject to mili tary diill and learn industrial pursuits as the efforts of Maj. J. H. Loveland and Mr. Frank Ergdahl, industrial teachers, demonstrate. They can be taught cleanliness and neatness as theii own appearance as well as the laundry work and sewing do-ie under ihe care ot Miss C. E. Chaddock and M s. J. H. Lovcland clearly shows. Finally the whole cornpanj have proven themselves admirably capable of appreciating first class diet skilllully prepar ed as we should judge from the wed d're;ie I efforts in ihis direction ot Mrs. M. } Saddler and Mrs. Frank Engdahl But last, but not least, the whole of these arrangements can be so grouped and filted as to become a fit lype of a fiist-class Christian household challenging and receiving the best efforts of as cultivated a scholar and traveler as Prolessor Bryan, and the grace and wisdom of the refined and accomplished matrons Miss E.Scoville and MUl H. H. Wright. * e can but earnestly recommend this work to the consideradon of our own people as well as the states and communiiy at large, nor can we but admire tne self sacrifice the earnestness and patience of these gantle- men and ladies, pursuing their noble task. We bespeak for them the sincere regards and cordial co-operation of the community in which they have made their home, and which by its geographical position a. d its history ought to and will become the future Mecca of the Indian race. ALBUQUERQUE INDIAN SCHOOL. COMMENCEMENT OF THE SECOND YFAK WITH BETTER I'ROSPiCTS THAN EVER. Chicago Inter Ocean. The fall term of the Albuquerque Indian school opened Oct I, under very favorable circumstances. A larger number will be cared for than ever before, and they will rep resent a greater number of tribes. The Utes, the Apacnes, the Navajoes, and a large num ber of Pueblos will be benefited by th : in- siraciion. The parents are showing more in- teresi in the vchool and are insisting on their children being educated. The Pueblo children, who have spent their two months' vacation among iheir people, come back looking dirtier and more ragged tlun whin ihey went away, but their teachers were much int.-resied to find that they had forgotten very lililc. They appeared in the class-room and recited as readily as though they had never been absent. In fact, some of lh^' boys showed a marked i niirovement. A boy from San'o Doming.* Pueblo, could readily repeat the names ol all ths states and territories, which he was unable to do when he left the school ihe 1st of August. He had probably herded sheep with some boy who did know them and employed his leisure mo ments in study. When he first came back his father said that during the vacation he had kept very much to himself, and refused to join in the dances and songs of the pueblo, and that he acted as though ashamed of his people. A LITTLE NAVAJOE BOY, about 7 years of age, was brought to the school by his father, assisted by nine men and two woirn-n. When asked how he came to bring his boy, the father said that the boy had insisted upon coming to the school, and would give him no rest until he had promised to take him. '''he little fellow could scarcely contain himself for joy when his hair was cropped and American clothes put on him. home one shortly alter tried to talk with him in Navajoe, but he refuse'! to answer until he was addressed in English. Two boys from the Pueblo of San Felippe, who have been three years at the Carlisle, Pa., school, where they learned the carpenter and blacksmith trades, propose working in the city at their trades, and studying at the school in the evening. There is a prospect of a removal from the present close and insufficient quarters into new buildings during the present school year. Proposals for the new buildings have been advertised for, and bids must be in the In dian office at Washington by the 25th of Oc tober, and the buildings must be completed within six months after the c infract is let. These buildings will be built upon the ground given to the governmi-nt for the use of the school by tht citizens of Albuquer que. The accommodaiions will be very complete for 150 pupils. While the buildings will be entirely too small to meet the demand, they will be a great improvement upon the pres ent quarters, and will strve as a nucleus for a large educational establishment fur all the Indians of Ariz-ma and N?w Mexico. The highest number at the school last year was 1 14, and this notwithstanding the great lack of nccommodaiioi and ihe (act Hiat no special effort was de in induce children to come to the school. This year the number will be much lirger, nd it is confidently expected lhat when the new build ings reach completion the school rolls will contain more than 150 name he full capacity of the new structure*. Should this prove to be the case, the government would undoubt edly begin at once to erect additional build- . ings, so th.u at least 300 could be accommo dated by the opening of ihe fall term next year. THE FXPERIMENTS AT CARLISLE and at Hampton have demonstraied the wisdom ofes ablishing schools for the educa tion of Indian youth. The government seems to be in earnest in the malter, and determined to try the effect of a good p.actical education in letters and trades. It is held lhat aside from philanthropic considerations, schools, wnere the head and hand are each trained, are more economical and more thorough thar. any method hitherto devised for the civiliza tion of the Indian The Pu;blos of New Mexiu are semi civ ilized, have never received srpport from the gi vcrnment, and need only education to quality them to become good citizens. All these Indians, numbering among them about 2,500 children of school age. live within a convenient distance of Albuquerque. Several large tribes of ihe wilier Indians are also living near Albuquerque. The wisdom, therefore, of establishing a large school at Albuquerque cannot be qaestioned. It is near enough to the Indians to allow them,to visit the school frequently 10 see tfieir children. Kor thi> reason they are per fectly satisfied to have the children ai school. It is also very desirable toeducat- the ch.ldien near their homes, that the change of views and life may nwt be too abrupt. In cases of sickness, tow, it has been found very satis factory to have the parents within easy call. The work in Albuquerque is still in iis in fancy, but it is believed that the foundations hive been laid broad and strong, and a larjie and substantial superstructure mjy be confi dently looked for within the near future