MARKREE LIBRARY. Shelf. Block /../. Re-arranged in 1913 by BRYAN COOPER Ex Libris C. K. OGDEN THE CONSTITUTIONAL ASSOCIATION. ON FOEMS OF GOVERNMENT: A HISTORICAL REVIEW AND ESTIMATE OF THE GROWTH OF THE PRINCIPAL TYPES OF POLITICAL ORGANISM IN EUROPE, FROM THE GREEKS AND ROMANS DOWN TO THE PRESENT TIME. A LECTURE, DELIVERED IN THE FREE TRADE HALL, MANCHESTER, BY REQUEST OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL ASSOCIATION, ON WEDNESDAY, APRIL 24, 1867, BY JOHN STUART BLACKIE, ESQ., PROFESSOR OF GREEK IN THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, LONDON : WHITTAKEB AND CO. EDINBURGH : EDMONSTON AND DOUGLAS ; MANCHESTER : J. HEYWOOD, DEANSGATE. 1867. PRICE TWOPENCE THIS IS COPYRIGHT OP THE CONSTITUTIONAL ASSOCIATION, MANCHESTER. THE CONSTITUTIONAL ASSOCIATION. President. W. R. CALLENDER, Jun., Esq., D.L., J.P., F.S.A. Vice-Presidents. Ed W. The Eight Hon. Earl of Dudley The HOD. Algernon F. Egerton, M.P..D.L., J.P. Charles Turner, Esq., M.P., D.L., J.P. Lieutenant-Colonel Gray, M.P., D.L., J.P. mund Buckley Esq., M.P. . Baliol Brett, Esq., Q.C., M.P. T. Hornby Birley, Esq., Manchester Sam Mendel, Esq. J.P., Manchester George Walker, Esq.. J.P., Manchester Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Loyd, D.L., J.P., Lillesden, Hawkhurst, Kent J. Smith Entwistle, Esq.. D.C.L., M.A., D.L., J.P., Foxholes, Rochdale John Munn, Esq., J.P., Manchester Albert Hall, Esq., J.P., Stalybridge John M. Kershaw, Esq., J.P., Ashton-under- Lyne R. H. Norreys, Esq., D.L., J.P., Davyhulme Hall William Gibb, Esq., D.L., J.P., Manchester R. S. Sowler, Esq., Q.C., Manchester Professor Blackie, Edinburgh John Sudlow, Esq., Manchester S H. Norris, Esq., J.P., Altrincham Thomas Brooks. Esq., St. Mawes James Sewell, Esq , Manchester William Bleackley, Esq., Prestwich Ralph Hal!, Esq., Manchester Lieutenant-Colonel Deakin, Manchester Charles Clarke, Esq., J.P., Manchester Thos. Bazley Hall, Esq., J.P., Stalybridge Peter Boyle, Esq, M.D., J.P., Manchester Captain J. Bennett, J.P., Manchester B. St. J. B. Joule, Esq., J.P., Manchester John Bennett, Esq., Willaston Hall, Nantwich J. W. Maclure, Esq, J.P., Manchester Fereday Smith, Esq., A.M., J.P., Manchester Henry Gartside, Esq., Wharmton Tower, Saddle- worth George Peel, Esq., Manchester Thomas Statter, Esq., Manchester Lieutenant-Colonel Mellor, Brookfield, Ashton- under-Lyne H. Howarth Vernon, Esq., M.D., J.P., Ashton- under-Lyne Clement Hall, Esq., Manchester James Bellhouse, Esq., Manchester James Chadwick, Esq , Castleton Charles A. Stewart, Esq., Manchester Frederick Lowton Spinks, Esq., J.P., M.A., Serjeant-at-Law, Faversham Arthur Birley, Esq., Whalley Range J. B Thorpe, Esq., Victoria Park B Gray, Esq.. Barrister-at-Law, Manchester F. F. Whitehead, Esq., J.P., Saddleworth J. H. Whitehead, Esq., J.P., Saddleworth W. J. Harter, Esq., Manchester William Rawstron, Esq.. Manchester Henry Sandford, Esq., Crow Croft Park Captain Chas. Mercier, Manchester Charles Baker Esq., J.P., Stockport Major Bridgford, Manchester ' E. O. Bleackley, Esq., Manchester Captain R. Husband, Manchester Thos. Potter, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, Manchester Mr. Councillor Marshall, Manchester Mr. Councillor Brown, Salford Mr. Councillor William Booth, Manchester Mr. Councillor Eastwood, Manchester Mr. Councillor Livesley, Manchester Mr. Councillor Anderton, Manchester Mr. Councillor Grantham, Manchester Mr. Councillor Charles Ashmore W. H. Higgin. Esq., Barrister-at-Law, Man- chester Thomas Jepson, Esq., Manchester John Robinson, Esq., Manchester David R. Davies, Esq., Manchester Captain A. Crompton, Oldham Hugh Higson, Esq., Manchester Reuben Sims, Esq., Bedford, Leigh Thomas Evans Lees, Esq., Oldham George Thorpe, Esq., Old Trafford James Hartley, Esq., Rochdale Thomas Sowler, Esq., Manchester Rev. W. Whitelegge, M.A., Manchester th, M.A., Ch . . all, M.A., H Rev. E. A. Lang, M.A., Manchester ., Chorlton-cum-Hardy arpurhey . . Rev. J. E. Booth, .., Rev. C. Marshall, M.A., Rev. E. A. Lang, M.A., Rev. W. R. Keeling, M.A., Blackley Rev. Edward Parke, M.A., Blackley Rev. George Edwards, M.A., Blackley Rev. William Heffill. M.A Dukinfield Rev. W. Huntington, M. A., Cornbrook Park Rev. F. C. Woodhouse, M.A., Hulme Rev..Edward Owen, B.A., Oldham Rev. C. Whittaker, M.A.. Salford Rev. Robt. Whittaker, M A Lees Robt. Whittaker, Esq., Waltou-le-Uale Rev. T. R. Busfield. MA., Manchester Henry Hall, Esq., Ashton-uuder-Lyne John Moss, Esq., Manchester r, Esq., Manchester P. Bidder, Daniel Boote, Esq., Manchester Wm. C. Chew, Esq., Lonsdale House, Lytham Charles Oldham, Esq., Manchester R. H. Gibson, Esq., Manchester Thomas Dale, Esq., Manchester N. P. Sandiford, Esq., Manchester George Marsden, Esq., Manchester Austin Shellard, Esq., Manchester W. S. Sawyer, Esq., Manchester Francis Baker, Esq., Stockport J. D. Kennedy, Esq., Manchester Thomas Preston, Esq., Manchester W- *> B Antrobus. Esq., Manchester Henry Warburton, Esq., Harpurhey Samuel Warburton, Esq., Harpurhey Henry Warburton, jun., Esq., Harpurhey James B. Thorpe, Esq.. Manchester ' Andrew, Esq., Moston House Mattley, Esq., Rochdale John R. Baldwin, Esq , Rochdale W imam Bradley, Esq. Stockport J. Me. Millan, Esq., Manchester J. W. Walton, Esq., Manchester T " , R y lance > Esq., Manchester J. W. Makin, Esq., Salford Alfred Nicholls, Esq., Manchester William Smith, Esq., Manchester Henry Fisher, Esq., Manchester Henry Keeling, Esq., Manchester Alexander Mitchell, Esq Manchester A K. Sidebottom, Esq., J.P., Mottram JohnCotterill, Esq., Manchester , ., J. H. Birley, Esq., Newton-le- Willows Andrew Dobbie, Esq., Manches John Sowler, Esq., Manchester hester Pookes Royle, Esq., Manchester John Higgin Esq., Rochdale uAfihton Esa JP Prestwirh William Hanmer. Esq.', Wilmslow Captain Alfred Knowles, Manchester S. Tweedale, Esq., Rochdale Lawrence Rawstron, Esq., Manchester J. Gardner, Esq., Manchester H. C. Oats, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, Manchester Wm. Smith, Esq., Collyhurst E.H Siddell, Esq.. Manchester W. W. Me. Kay, Esq., Manchester Jas. Watson, jun., Esq., Manchester John J. Wood Esq., Manchester Robt. Stewart, Esq., Manchester Jas. Broughton, Esq., Higher Broughtou Mr. Councillor Farmer, Salford ' H. Fishwick, Rochdale Kilvert, Esq., Whalley Range 1 081 577 Jonathan Neild, Esq.. J. Heury Saudford, Esq.. Manchester Jas. Wm. Fenton, Esq., J.P., Rochdale Peter Keeveny, Esq., Manchester T. B. Pickles. Esq., Rochdale Rev. Charles Bisset, B.D.. Upholland Nathan Worthington, Esq., D.L., J.P., Hollin- Thomas Helsby, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, Man- wood Chester Jno. Duucroft Worthington, Esq., J.P.. Hollin- Danl. Thwaites, Esq., Blackburn wood Rev. James Bumstead, Oldham G. H. Worthington, Esq.. J.P.. Hollinwood Rev. Jas. Hornby Butcher, Ramsbottom Richard Redfern. Esq., Oldham Wm. Harrison, Esq., F.S.A.. J P , Blackburn Jas. Pilling, Esq.. Stone Hill. Rochdale ' James Fletcher, Esq , Kearsley Leo. Wilkinson, Esq.. Blackburn LieutenanWJolonel Robt. Munn, New Church E. Abbott Wright, Esq. J.P., Frodsham Henry Cecil Raikes, Esq., Junior Carlton Club John Leich. Esq. Rochdale The Rev. J. Aldworth, B. A., Wigan Jas. W. Walker. Esq.. Rochdale Henry Snape, Esq., Manchester Wm W. Schofield. Esq., J.P., Rochdile Wright Chadderton, Esq , Manchester J. Hargreaves, Esq.. Blackburn Leonard Reuss, Esq., Manchester James Booth, Esq., Oldham Wm. Coddingtou. Esq., Blackburn John Chapman, Esq., D.L. J.P.. M.A., Mottram Win. Bradburn, Esq., Patricroft George Falkner, Esq., Manchester M. Kennedy, Esq., J.P., Hayesleigh, Manchester John Beresford, Esq., Manchester J. B. Alexander, Esq., Manchester Treasurer : WILLIAM AMBROSE, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, 37, Cross-street. Honorary Secretaries. MR. JAMES TAYLOR. j MR. M. H. CHADWICK. Auditors. MR. S. H. HODSON, School Mills, MR. JOHN BARKER, Accountant. Ridgefield. Bankers. MESSRS. CUXLIFFB, BROOKS, & Co., King-street. Executive Committee. MR. WILLIAM TOUCHSTONE (Chairman.) MR. THOMAS HOESFIELD (Vice-Chairman.) Mr. JOHN FRANKLIN Mr. T. M. WALKER Mr. W. E. STUTTKR Mr. DAVID TAYLOR )ANIEL HALL ILLIAM GARTSIDE \. D. SUTCLIFFE . A. G. SUTHERLAND Mr. JOHN LAWTON Mr. GEO. ESDAILE Mr. JAMES ARMSTRONG Mr. JOHN TABBRON Mr. JOHN HICKS Mr. RICHARD STANFIELD Mr. WILLIAM POWELL Mr. SOL. MCRRAY OBJECTS OF THE ASSOCIATION. Firstly. To counteract by all lawful means the influence of any popular agitations, the action of which may tend to the undue acquisition of political power by any particular class of the people, and to the ultimate evils arising from the usurpations of democracy. Secondly. It is proposed, by holding public meetings and by other agencies, to induce among all classes such full and fair discussion of political principles as may result in the most extended adoption of correct views on Constitutional Government. Thirdly. To support Parliament in the free discharge of its legislative functions, uninfluenced by any intimidation which may from time to time be brought to bear upon its deliberations. Fourthly. The Association cordially supports such measures of Reform in the representation of the people as while preserving the present Constitution of the country shall admit to the privileges of the Franchise all those, who from their industry and intelligence, may fairly be judged competent to its proper exercise. JAMES TAYLOR, ) M. H. CHADWICK, ) * CHIEF OFFICE, 8, PARSONAGE, BLACKFRIARS STREET, MANCHESTER. Donations or subscriptions may be forwarded to the Treasurer, WM. AMBROSE, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, 37, Cross-street, Manchester. Members enrolled on payment of Is. or upwards. of the <