flPR 7 fQOQ 
 
 MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 UPON THE 
 
 LIFE AND CHARACTER 
 
 OF 
 
 ICELAND STANFORD 
 
 (LATE A SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA), 
 
 DELIVERED IN THE 
 
 SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 1893. 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 1893 
 
"- 
 
 MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 UPON THE 
 
 LIFE AND CHARACTER 
 
 OF 
 
 LELAND STANFORD 
 
 (LATE A SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA), 
 
 DELIVERED IN THE 
 
 SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 1893. 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 I $93 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 UPON THE 
 
 LIFE AND CHARACTER 
 
 OF 
 
 LELAND STANPOED 
 
 [Late a Senator from the State of California]. 
 
 The Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D., offered the fol 
 lowing prayer: 
 
 Oh, eternal God, as we are gathered to commemorate the life 
 and services of a late Senator upon this floor whose noble gift 
 for education makes an era in the history of beneficence, we 
 pray that the influence of his illustrious example upon the peo 
 ple of our whole country may lead them to cease piling great 
 masses of idle and useless stones as monuments of the famous 
 and lamented dead, but convert them into houses of use and 
 service for the benefit of mankind, and thus for the honor and 
 glory of God. 
 
 Comfort and console the bereaved widow, and grant her length 
 of days and fullness of health and strength to complete the or 
 ganization and endowment of the university, that it may stand 
 to the latest times a monument to her husband, herself, and their 
 beloved son, thus working from age to age benevolence, and 
 education, and ennobling example. We pray through Jesus 
 Christ, our Saviour. Amen. 
 
 MEMORIAL, ADDRESSES ON THE LATE SENATOR STANFORD. 
 
 Mr. WHITE of California. . Mr. President, I desire to offer 
 resolutions which I send to the desk. 
 The VICE-PRESIDENT. The resolutions will be read. 
 The Secretary read the resolutions, as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of the death of 
 Leland Stanford, late a Senator from the State of California. 
 
 Resolved, That as a mark of respect to the memory of the deceased, the 
 business of the Senate be now suspended, that his associates may be enabled 
 to pay proper tribute to his high character and distinguished public services. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate communicate these resolutions 
 to the House of Representatives. 
 
 The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the 
 resolutions. 
 The resolutions were unanimously agreed to. 
 
 440 3 
 
Mr. WHITE of California. Mr President, another member 
 of this body has passed from among us, his term of office not ac 
 complished. It is meet that we who have been his associates 
 should record our sorrow and pay fitting tributes of respect to 
 his memory. I shall not enter upon an examination of the life 
 and services of the late Leland Stanford. I am apprised that 
 other Senators, long his companions here and elsewhere, desire 
 to signalize their regard by a review of his career. It may not 
 be amiss, however, for me to contribute a brief expression. 
 
 s.-nator Stanford was thoroughly identified with the interests 
 of ( 'alifornia. His relations to that State and to her progress 
 will be fully det-uled by my able colleague and others who are 
 to follow me. He was not only twice elected to the Senate of 
 the United States by the California Legislature, but he was also 
 chosen by the people to the high station of governor. He was 
 thus honored at a time when it was necessary that strong and 
 wise counsel should prevail, and the history of our common 
 wealth discloses that Governor Stanford was not only loyal, but 
 that his policy was such as to win the applause of all well-disposed 
 men, regardless of party affiliation. He had faith in the Ameri 
 can Union, and conducted his administration in accordance with 
 his belief. In the pursuit of the objects which he desired to at 
 tain, Senator Stanford was diligent, painstaking, and unremit 
 ting. 
 
 His successes were due, I think, largely to his determination 
 to win the object of his aspiration. His firmness did not beget 
 arrogance, and the possession of wealth did not impair in the 
 slightest degree his kindly characteristics. The leading part 
 which he took in constructing a transcontinental railroad sys 
 tem and in carrying on the vast interests connected with rail 
 road corporations on the Pacific coast is fully known and needs 
 no elaboration or extended presentation. The crowning effort 
 of his life strikingly at variance with the conduct of the average 
 millionaire was the contribution of his means to the cause of 
 education. While many doubted his ability, as they doubted the 
 ability of any individual, to sustain the stupendous burden which 
 he undertook at Palo Alto, matters have so progressed as to 
 justify the conclusion that he and his estimable wife did not 
 overestimate their capabilities. This bestowal of his fortune 
 demonstrated Mr. Stanford's philanthropy. 
 
 The plan which he outlined for the practical teaching of the 
 youth of his country proved that he appreciated the necessities 
 of his fellows. Owing to the impossibility of overcoming the in 
 tervening distance, I was the only representative of the Senate 
 at his interment. While participating in the impressive cere 
 monies which there took place, I soon observed that, although 
 there were no invitations issued, there were in attendance a 
 vast number of the older citizens of California a remarkable 
 representation of the pioneer element. Many of those who had 
 passed through the storms of more than one-third of a century 
 and who had participated in the active contentions of early Cali 
 fornia life stood by the bier with moistened eye. Some of them had 
 differed from Senator Stanford in politics and some had opposed 
 him in other respects, but all were emphatic that he was a man 
 whose heart was no less reliable than his brain. If the expressions 
 of these most competent witnesses could have been perpetuated 
 
 440 
 
they would have constituted a far more eloquent tribute to his 
 memory th:;n anything which will be uttered in this Chamber. 
 He was laid to rest in that beautiful principality, bewildering in 
 its charms, which he had selected for his home. 
 
 Senator Stanford was not without his trials. The loss of the 
 son whos3 name the university carries was a blow that a less de 
 termined organization would have failed to resist; and while in 
 this Chamber those who were associated with him utter words 
 of regretful sentiment, let it not be forgotten that his companion 
 and truest friend, the partner of his cares and his joys, still sur 
 vives; that up.jn her shoulders is cast the burden of carrying 
 out the great projects which she and her husband designed, and 
 to which they consecrated their later years. That she has the 
 power, and that she will realize their anticipations, no one who 
 is acquainted with her or ^t all familiar with her attainments, 
 for a moment doubts. I know that the sincere and undivided 
 condolence of this Chamber goes out to her, and she can rest in 
 assured possession of the sympathy and good will of her coun 
 trymen. 
 
 Senator Stanford's death was not altogether unexpected. His 
 once robust constitution yielded to the pressure of business and 
 time. His transition to another world is but an additional notice 
 to us all suggesting the inevitable. 
 
 "As the amber of the clouds 
 
 Changes iuto silver gray. 
 So the light of every life 
 
 Fades at last from earth away. 
 
 Mr. DOLPH. Mr. President, the history of this country af 
 fords many examples of brilliant success in every branch of 
 human endeavor; biographies of those who from humble begin 
 nings, unfavorable surroundings, and adverse circumstances have 
 arisen by force of their native powers, their self-reliance, and 
 patient industry to the most exalted positions, to the control 
 of greit industrial establishments, to the highest usefulness and 
 distinction in science, art, and literature. Among all these ex 
 amples, which show the possibilities of the American youth under 
 our form of government and our industrial and educational sys 
 tems, there is probably not a more conspicuous example than 
 that of the late Senator Stanford, and there have been few men 
 in this country the story of whose lives truthfully written would 
 be more fascinating. 
 
 Like myself he was born and reared upon a farm in the State 
 of New York. In labor upon a farm he laid the foundation of 
 bodily vigor, acquired habits of industry, and learned the value 
 of money; and in the district school he laid the foundation of an 
 education. His advantages were not superior to those of thou 
 sands of other boys of his age. The difference in their careers 
 was not caused by their early advantages or training or their op 
 portunities, but by the difference in themselves. To Senator 
 Stanford's ambition, his moral character, his good judgment, 
 his enterprise, energy, and industry must be mainly attributed 
 his success. Like many ambitious young men, as a stepping- 
 stone to something else "he taught a country school. Knowing 
 that the legal profession had often proved a means of of politi 
 cal preferment and a road to wealth, he read law and was admit 
 ted to the bar. 
 
 440 
 
6 
 
 When gold was discovered in California and the great rush to 
 the New Eldorado began. Mr. Stanford joined the immigration to 
 that Suite to seek his fortune there. It is unnecessary to trace 
 his career in his new home step by step. The qualities which 
 had before enabled him to steadily advance toward fortune and 
 position enabled him to embrace the better advantages offering 
 there. They also attracted the attention and commanded the 
 respect of the practical and enterprising pioneers of the new 
 State, and his nomination and election as governor of the State 
 naturally followed. 
 
 Neither Mr. Stanford nor his associates were the first to pro 
 pose a transcontinental railroad. What others had dreamed of 
 they undertook and accomplished. It was an undertaking which 
 by its magnitude appalled more timid men. The enterprise 
 proved to be a great success. The faith and courage of its pro 
 moters were rewarded and the foundations of great fortunes 
 laid. 
 
 The wealth thus acquired made the subsequent career of Mr. 
 Stanford possible, enabled him to promote and control great 
 enterprises for the development of his State, to liberally patron 
 ize the arts and sciences, to scatter broadcast the blessings of 
 charity, and to accomplish the last crowning act of his life, the 
 founding and endowment of the great university that bears the 
 name of his deceased son. His knowledge of the value and use of 
 money, and his power of rightly judging men and measures were 
 largely acquired by his early experiences and struggles, and 
 were the efficient means which enabled him to accumulate his 
 great wealth. It would be idle to deny that unusual opportuni 
 ties were opened up to him, which enabled him to reach the top 
 most round of success, but too much of the results of his life 
 should not be attributed to his opportunities. Some men seek 
 out and create opportunities. Senator Stanford did so. 
 
 He carved out for himself a place which any man might envy. 
 At a time when it required courage and enterprise to cross a 
 continent through a wilderness and desert, encountering hard 
 ships and dangers, he left the civilization of the older States and 
 cast his lot with the pioneers of the Pacific coast. In that new 
 country, where the foundations of civilization and of a great State 
 were being laid, his good judgment, his enterprise, his interest 
 in his fellow-men and in public affairs soon made his presence 
 felt and enabled him to greatly aid in the establishment of or 
 ganized society. 
 
 In the important position of governor, the same qualities which 
 had brought him to the front and made him a leader of men, made 
 his administration successful, and enabled him to embrace the 
 opportunities offered for the development of his State and the 
 advancement of his private fortune. No one but a self-reliant, 
 enterprising, public-spirited man would have ventured upon the 
 great and hazardous undertaking of constructing a railroad 
 acrossacontinent, over almost impassable mountains, and through 
 trackless deserts. The success of the great enterprise justified 
 the expectations of its promoters and proved the soundness of 
 their judgment. 
 
 But it is not the fact that Mr. Stanford was governor of Cali 
 fornia during the war of the rebellion and saved his State to the 
 Union, or that he was one of the promoters of the great corpora- 
 
 440 
 
tion which built the pioneer railroad across the continent and 
 bound together the Atlantic and Pacific with bands of steel, or 
 that the people of California twice honored him with an election 
 to the United States Senate, that makes his name to-day a house 
 hold word and causes his praise to be on every tongue, and that 
 will perpetuate his memory through coming years. It is the 
 fact that he came to fully recognize the claims of humanity upon 
 those endowed with great wealth and to regard his wealth as a 
 trust, to bo managed and used for the glory of God and the good 
 of his fellow-men. His character was like that described by 
 Shakespeare, when he wrote: 
 
 For his bounty 
 
 There was no winter in't: an autumn 'twas 
 That grew the more by reaping. 
 
 The calls upon him for aid to religious, educational, and chari 
 table institutions and to individuals were so numerous and con 
 stant that it is not improbable that sometimes his liberality was 
 imposed upon and his benevolence misapplied, but in the main 
 his charities were bestowed worthily and with good judgment. 
 
 Of his career in this body 1 need not speak at length. He was 
 never intrusive or self-asserting. He was willing to leave the 
 work of the Senate mainly to other and younger hands. Al 
 though largely occupied with other cares and duties, and espe 
 cially with the plan for his great university, and afflicted with 
 bodily infirmities, the interests of his State in Congress were 
 never neglected. His counsel was always valuable, and his 
 kindness of heart, his benevolence, and his love for humanity, 
 which were manifested in all he said and did, made his presence 
 among us a blessing. Coming to the Senate at an advanced age, 
 without previous experience in legislative bodies, with other 
 
 treat cares and responsibilities, and with enfeebled health, he 
 id not assert himself or take that commanding position in the 
 Senate which he would naturally have done if he had entered 
 that body at an earlier period in his life and when in the full 
 vigor of manhood. 
 
 Confessedly, the idea of founding and endowing a great uni 
 versity grew out of his great bereavement in the loss of his only 
 son. The stricken parents appear to have transferred the solic 
 itude, time, and labor which had before been given to the prom 
 ising object of their affections to humanity. 
 
 The declaration of Senator and Mrs. Stanford, made while their 
 hearts were still freshly bleeding on account of their great afflic 
 tion, that "the children of California shall be our children," was 
 almost sublime. 
 
 How grandly was this declaration made good. How better 
 could the children of California yea, the children of the entire 
 Union, of this generation and of generations to come have been 
 made the beneficiaries of his great wealth than by the founding 
 and munificent endowment of a great university, at which the 
 children of the poor as well as those of the rich have an oppor 
 tunity to secure such an education as is usually only within the 
 reach of the wealthy, a university which is destined to be en 
 during and to exert an incalculable influence for good upon the 
 future of this country. 
 Senator Stanford devoted his time and his strength to the last 
 
 440 
 
8 
 
 to the great scheme of his life. With failing strength, with 
 increasing infirmities, with the evident consciousness that the 
 closing scene of earth for him could not be far distant, with se 
 renity, with patient, painstaking industry, the whole plan and 
 all the details of the great university were constantly in his mind 
 and received his p3rsonal attention. His great desire was to 
 leave the great undertaking in as advanced a condition as possi 
 ble. 
 
 To the casual observer it would appear as if Senator Stan 
 ford's early dreams had become realities, his hopes had reached 
 fruition, and his ambitions had been gratified, and yet all of us 
 know how little he prized worldly possessions, worldly honors, 
 and worldly successes. How, when the idol of his life, his promis 
 ing and beautiful boy was taken from him and his fondest earthly 
 hopes perished, all his possessions became to him like apples of 
 Sodom. 
 
 The career of our late associate is not only an example worthy 
 of emulation by American yout.h, but worthy to be followed by 
 those whom fortune has blessed with wealth. 
 
 Men with large wealth have comparatively large duties. 
 Happy is the man blessed with great wealth who recognizes his 
 responsibility to God and his moral obligations to his fellow men 
 and who embraces the opportunities presenting themselves to 
 discharge those obligations. In the great effort to alleviate hu- 
 nrtn suffering, to educate and elevate the race, to advance moral 
 reforms, to make the masses comfortable, intelligent, virtuous, 
 and independent, the wealthy are rightly expected to lead. It 
 is a blessed as well as solemn thing to possess more power for 
 good than other men, and fortunate is the man possessing an 
 abundance of that which is calculated to minister to the weal of 
 the race who welcomes and embraces opportunities to bless man 
 kind. 
 
 The duty of benevolence, however, is not confined to tho rich. 
 The less favored by fortune have responsibilities and duties in 
 proportion to their means. The poor may dispense charity as 
 well as the rich. The giving of silver and gold alone doss'not 
 constitute charity. The kind interest, the words of sympathy 
 and encouragement which always accompanied Senator Stan 
 ford's gifts were more grateful than the gold itself. All can 
 contribute something to make the world better and mankind 
 happier. 
 
 A nameless man. among a crowd that thronged the daily mart, 
 Let fall a word of hope and love, unstudied from the heart: 
 A whisper on the tumult thrown, a transitory breath. 
 It raised a brother from the dust, it saved a soul from death. 
 
 With wealth which could command everything which human 
 heart could desire, and which enabled him to scatter blessings 
 as flowers sc itter fragrance; full of honors, representing the 
 great State of California for a second term in the United St .tes 
 Senate; engaged in carrying out the crowning act of his life for 
 the benefit of his fellow-men, our brother was transported, prob 
 ably in an instant, from the scenes of his earthly possessions and 
 activities to the spirit world. Happy those who. like him we 
 mourn, are content to tread the path of duty and do faithfully 
 and well the work their hands find to do in this world, and, trust- 
 
 440 
 
9 
 
 ing to a merciful Creator for the next, wait the end with serene 
 hope and confidence. 
 
 The realm of death seems an enemy's country to most men, on whose 
 shores they are loathly driven by stress of weataer; to the wise man it 
 is the desired port where he moors his bark gladly, as in some quiet haven 
 of the Fortunate Isles; it is the golden we.-it into which the sun sinks, and 
 sinking, casts back a glory upon the leaden cloud-tack which had darkly be 
 sieged his day. 
 
 By the death of our brother we are again reminded of the un 
 alterable decree which dooms all flesh to the grave. We are 
 compelled to pause amid the rush of worldly pursuits and the 
 clash of worldly controversies to consider the end of man. We 
 behold everywhere about us the succession of birth, life, and 
 doath. Nature tells of no escape from the inevitable law of our 
 being and affords no ground for hope for the future. 
 
 Generations of men appear and vanish as the grass, and the countless 
 multitudes that throng the world to-day will to-morrow disappear as the 
 footsteps on the shore. 
 
 If it were not for the hope that is inspired by revelation of a 
 resurrection and future life, how desolate and gloomy would be 
 the grave, how empty and fruitless would human life appear. 
 
 Our departed brother was a Christian man. His faith was 
 simple and unfaltering and was the mainspring of his philan- 
 throphy. Religion was a common and favorite theme with him. 
 He regarded God as a merciful father and mankind as a great 
 brotherhood. His gifts to aid Christian institutions and Chris- 
 ti in efforts were numerous and princely. He died in a firm be 
 lief that he should awaken in the spirit land to behold his God 
 a :d embrace his loved ones gone before. Hnppy, indeed, is the 
 possessor of such a faith a faith which enables him to say with 
 the poet: 
 
 There is no death ! But angel forms 
 
 VvalH o'er the earth with snent irtad; 
 
 They bear our best-loved things away, 
 
 And then we call them "dead." 
 
 Our brother has gone from us forever. He will have no further 
 part in all th it is done under the bun. He sleeps the si ep that 
 knows no waking, near the great nstitut on he so liberally en 
 dowed. The great scheme th t absorbed his energies in later 
 years will be carried on by others. 
 
 Thousands of young men in coming years, aided by his wise 
 benevolence, will there equip themselves for life's duties, and 
 his benevolence, through them, will be transmitted to later gen 
 erations. The students in after years enjoying the fruits of his 
 liberality will stand with reverence at his tomb and repeat his 
 praises. The fruitful vineyards and orchards at Palo Alto will 
 bud. blossom, and yield their fruitage; the flowers will come in 
 the springtime to scatter their fragrance; generations will come 
 and go: time will change the very face of nature; but nothing 
 will dist-vb his repose. He has solved the great mystery of life 
 and death. 
 
 Thouga dead, his works live after him, and will live and exert 
 their influence for good to the latest generations. 
 
 Mr. PEFFER. Mr. President, my earliest information con 
 cerning the man Leland Stanford came through the public 
 press in the way of news reporting the operation of great busi- 
 
 440 
 
10 
 
 ness enterprises in which he was engaged in regions bordering 
 on the Pacific Ocean. 
 
 It was at a time when the transportation system of the coun 
 try was developing with wonderful progress and other strong 
 minds in other sections were building and managing other great 
 railway lines. These skillful carriers in a few years constructed 
 the most stupendous traffic connections ever known among men. 
 Mr. Stanford was recognized as the peer of any among these 
 master builders. His standing was attested not only by his 
 work as a carrier, but as well by his growth in personal fortune 
 and by his prudent management of a large private business. 
 
 In that view of him I regarded him simply as one among many 
 strong men seeking wealth and the power and influence which 
 comes with success. 
 
 If there were no object other or better than the gratification 
 of avarice, the accumulation of riches is a most ignoble pursuit, 
 and we can not tell what motives impel men to action until we see 
 what disposition they make of their opportunities. It was then 
 too soon to measure the full stature of this man. 
 
 Early in the year 1890 I saw him in another and a wider field, 
 acting on a higher plane, where there was more room for the 
 play of his intellectual powers. He was a member of the Ameri 
 can Senate, charged with the responsibilities of legislation for 
 a mighty people. Having begun in private life devising means 
 for the distribution of movable property the products of labor 
 among the people in different places, nothing was more natural 
 or logical than that when he entered public life he should begin 
 a study of means for the diffusion of the values of labor's work. 
 As in his private capacity he had builded great traffic lines to 
 carry property long distances, so when he entered the field of 
 politics he saw the need of improved and enlarged facilities for 
 the easy and quick exchanges of the value of property through 
 a more general and less expensive means of passing from hand 
 what the people agree in their laws shall represent values. 
 
 It was in this grand work that I saw him the second time 
 not by physical sight, but through the eyes of the press. He in 
 troduced a bill in the Senate to increase the circulating medium, 
 and to afford money to borrowers at low rates of interest. From 
 his own experience and from his observations among men, he 
 saw that through the destroying power of usury the profits of 
 labor were being rapidly absorbed by comparatively a few per 
 sons, and he saw also that this process must be arrested if we 
 would preserve our liberties and perpetuate the Republic. As a 
 plain business proposition he saw that there was but one reasona 
 ble way to effect that result, and he presented his plan to the 
 country in a short speech in this Chamber, advocating his land 
 loan bill. 
 
 My personal acquaintance with him began after I been me a 
 member of this body, and it soon ripened into a friendship which 
 lam pleased to state in this presence waxed warmer and stronger 
 as it grew older. 
 
 As the years of his life passed behind him and as the shadows 
 of evening began to gather about him, his sympathy with the 
 poor and toiling masses of his fellow-men grew stronger and 
 stronger, until it became a ruling- passion; and here is wnere he 
 rose to the full stature of a noble man. Having amassed a vast 
 
 440 
 
11 
 
 fortune, his real estata embracing 1 over 80,000 acres of choice 
 California lands, being 1 in receipt of a large annual income, he 
 was moved to devise means whereby others beside himself, and 
 those who most need assistance, should share with him hisg-ood 
 fortune. 
 
 And, what is more and better, his plan involved the operation 
 of good influences moving out through the education of young 
 men and women whose early training, traditions, and troubles 
 would probably always keep them close to the common people. 
 The Stanford University will send out among the people evan 
 gels of good will, sowing that others may reap. 
 
 And here, Mr. President, is where we see the best, the noblest, 
 the grandest work of Leland Stanford. He went down to the 
 grave honored by his fellow-citizens because in private life and 
 in public station he had been capable, faithful, and true. But 
 the brightest gems his memory wears are the prayers and tears 
 of the poor whose lives his kindness made happier and brighter. 
 
 And to the woman who knew him be stand loved him most, let 
 me say that there is no higher plane for her sex, no more fruitful 
 ambition, no riper field for action than to be the life partner and 
 the coworker of a man that is doing good to his fellow-men. 
 Mrs. Stanford, in the darkness of her sorrow, enjoys the sym 
 pathy of millions who would gladly bear her burdens. May the 
 evening of her life be brightened by rays from the other shore, 
 where the morning of a new day awaits her coming. 
 
 Mr. MITCHELL of Oregon. Mr. President, it is not my pur 
 pose to attempt any extended elogium over the late distinguished 
 Senator. To do that would require a carefully prepared state 
 ment of his life from birth to death, from humble poverty to that 
 of vast wealth, from jovial schoolboy days to unusual triumphs as 
 a financier, statesman, philanthropist. All this belongs prop 
 erly to the historian, not to us here or now. 
 
 In justice, therefore, to the name and memory of the distin 
 guished dead, I must not attempt at this time to do more than 
 add a word of tribute to that which has been already so well 
 said to the memory of our late distinguished colleague and friend; 
 one highly esteemed and loved by all, and whose name and the 
 remembrance of whose genial, courteous nature and kindly acts, 
 whose record as a statesman and philanthropist, will live as a 
 part of the history of America, so long as that history shall en 
 dure among the annals of time. 
 
 The history of the life of Leland Stanford, late a Senator from 
 the State of California, is pregnant with lessons of instruction, 
 filled with food for meditation. It presents a conspicuous ex 
 emplification of that phenomenal success in different spheres of 
 life social, business, political the attainment of which is pos 
 sible by every American youth possessed of intelligence, indus 
 try, and integrity. 
 
 Leland Stanford, we are told, was a farmer's son. He was not 
 a product of the city. He was reared on a farm. Nor did he, 
 although of excellent line ige, ever claim any part of his success 
 in life as due to ancestral distinction. 
 
 In his youth and early manhood he breathed the pure air of 
 country life. His early habits were formed under the benign 
 influence, and his character molded under the beneficent direc- 
 
 440 
 
12 
 
 tio'i. >f i)())i- but int >lligent pirents, whose lives in the country 
 regions of New York spoke but one language, that of humble 
 deportment, genuine integrity, a spirit of energy and philan 
 thropic development, and absolute fidelity to every, public and 
 private trust. 
 
 It is from beginnings such as these that have sprung the master 
 minds which have left their impress on the pages of our nation's 
 history, as statesmen, military heroes, financiers, scientists, 
 philanthropists, and as great leaders in every department of life. 
 To such an ancestry, to such an education in early life, could 
 Lf land Stanford look back with an enthusiasm of pardonable 
 pride, but never more s > in all the magnificent successes which 
 attended him in his eminently successful life, in what may prop 
 erly be termed his triumphant career as a financier and statesman, 
 th in when he h ad reached the acme of that career. Then, doubt 
 less, more than ever before his mind reverted with conscious 
 pride to his humble home, his primitive country life, where, 
 amid the perfumes of the wild flowers and the songs of the bab 
 bling brooks of his country home in the green fields of the beau 
 tiful Mohawk, he spent his boyhood days. 
 
 To no titled ancestry, to no long line of hereditary heroes, was 
 our late distinguished colleague compelled to trace his lineage 
 or attribute the credit of his remarkable successes. He was an 
 American. To this alone, coupled with unusual intellectual at 
 tainments, his integrity, his industry, his organizing power, is 
 he indebted to the fame that is his, and that will be his, per 
 petuated through his magnificent benefactions, while the State 
 and the country in which he lived, and of which he was a con 
 spicuous part, continue to endure. 
 
 It is not that Leland Stanford was possessed of great wealth 
 that he was commended while living to the kindly consideration 
 of his fellow-men, nor for this reason is it that his name and 
 memory are now embalmel in the affections of his countrymen. 
 Great wealth concentrated in one individual is a mighty power 
 either for good or evil. In some men, as with Senator Stan 
 ford, it develops all those grand elements of human nature the 
 influence of which brought into active operation diffuses bene 
 factions in all directions, while in others it transforms its pos 
 sessor into a miser, whom one lexicographer characterize-? as 
 "one who is wretched through covetousness; one who lives 
 miserably through fear of poverty and hoards beyond a prudent 
 economy; a pers m excessively penurious:" and another, as " a 
 man who enslaves him elf to his money." 
 
 It is due to the memory of the distinguished dead to state that 
 as he increased in wealth and advanced in ye irs his mind seemed 
 constantly occupied in contriving how he could, either through 
 the instrumentality of the great means he possessed, or in his 
 position as Senator, benefit the weak, the poor, the lowly. He 
 did not aspire to perpetuate his name by erecting useless mauso 
 leums of brick, or stone, or m irble. commemorative of some mere 
 sentiment, or link it with those of the rich, the great, the pow 
 erful. On the contrary, the rising generation, the youth of the 
 land, the great masses of the " plain people," who constitute the 
 toiling millions of our country, had his first and oest thought, 
 and to the promotion and preservation of their best interests he 
 dedicated his intellectual powers, as also millions of his wealth. 
 
 440 
 
13 
 
 Whatever may be thought by some of the practical utility of 
 his financial scheme, which he so earnestly and ably advocated 
 and which was approved by millions of his countrymen, for the 
 loaning of money by the United States direct to the people at a 
 low rate of interest, taking mortgages on farms as security, all 
 will now agree it indicated in unmistakable terms a philan 
 thropic spirit, an earnest desire to aid, through the instrumen 
 tality of what he regarded as constitutional and proper govern 
 mental influence, not the great moneyed institutions of the coun 
 try, not the vast corporations of the land, with several of which 
 he was prominently identified in a business way, but rather the 
 great masses of the producers, the farmers, the planters, and the 
 wage- workers of the country. In his capacity as Senator, legis 
 lation having for its purpose the minimizing of illiteracy, the 
 promotion of the education of the rising generation, the advance 
 ment of our people to a higher degree of intelligence, received 
 his constant, earnest, and efficient support. He was an ardent 
 advocate of national aid in the establishment and support of 
 common schools. He believed with Lord Kames, who, in his 
 " Elements of Criticism," said: 
 
 In the first seven years of our life we acquire a greater number of ideas 
 than ever after. 
 
 And with another celebrated philosopher, who declared that 
 
 The education a child receives in the first five years of its life is of more 
 importance than all after education and has more influence in forming the 
 child's character. 
 
 He was, moreover, the promoter and able advocate of legisla 
 tion having for its purpose the organization of cooperative asso 
 ciations, the main purpose of which was to enable those who had 
 but little capital and could control but little to reap, through such 
 cooperative organizations, the legitimate benefits and honest 
 fruits which naturally flow from aggregated capital properly 
 employed. 
 
 Although prominently identified with several corporations 
 carrying millions of capital and the interests of which were lia 
 ble at times to be materially advanced by pending national leg 
 islation, the truth of history requires it to be said that in the 
 legislative career of Senator Stanford in the Senate of the United 
 States, never once was his voice raised in advocacy of any such 
 legislation, and to no vote of his can be attributed any aid to 
 legislation of that character. 
 
 Senator Stanford was in disposition and character exception 
 ally modest, reserved, retiring. His great wealth, his prominence 
 in connection with those great enterprises of physical develop 
 ment, the transcontinental railroads, the magnitude and na 
 tional effect of which commanded the admiration of the world, in 
 stead of clothing him with a haughty and aristocratic air, seemed 
 to stimulate within him those elements of true manhood which, 
 under all conditions and at all times, recognize real personal in 
 tegrity and worth as the touchstone of true merit, irrespective 
 of all considerations of wealth on the one hand or poverty on 
 the other. 
 
 In private conversation Senator Stanford was most interesting, 
 attractive, and instructive. Thoroughly versed in historic litera 
 ture, with a philosophic turn of mind, a heart whose kindly in- 
 
 440 
 
14 
 
 fluence ever found expression in every. word and look and act, 
 one never returned from an evening- spent in the company of that 
 exceptionally good man, as I have for many years believed him 
 to be, without a feeling that it was an evening spent in such man 
 ner that one was wiser and better for it. 
 
 The people of the great West of that vast region lying be 
 tween the Rocky Mountains and the waters of the Pacific, with 
 all its present elements of greatness and power, and unspeakable 
 possibilities as to the future have much reason to sincerely de 
 plore, as they do sincerely mourn, the death of Leland Stanford. 
 To him and his business associates do we feel indebted in a large 
 degree for that physical development of our country which has 
 brought us in'o close social and business connection with the 
 civilization of the East, and made us more nearly and directly 
 a constituent part of the grand civilization of the American Re 
 public, which to-day commands the respect and admiration of 
 mankind. Through the forceful enterprise of Leland Stanford 
 and his associatas the great mineral deposits of those distant 
 regions, which have added thousands of millions of gold and sil 
 ver to the national wealth, to say nothing of other great indus 
 tries of that magnificent region, have been developed. 
 
 The grand old poet Horace, in his vanity, proclaimed his own 
 greatness and the perpetuation of his name by his works when 
 he said: 
 
 I've reared a monument, my own, more durable than brass, 
 Yea, kingly pyramids of stone in height it doth surpass. 
 Rains shall not fall nor storms descend to sap its settled base, 
 Nor countless ages rolling past, its symmetry deface. 
 
 But, Mr. President, what are the benefactions which posterity 
 has reaped from the monument reared by Horace centuries ago, 
 and to which he so be iutif ully attracted the attention o! man 
 kind, and the glories of which have been perpetuated by his own 
 eulogy, to those conferred on posterity by the munificence of our 
 distinguished dead at Palo Alto. There by a gift, unequaled 
 in its munificence by that of any philanthropist that ever lived 
 in America or in the world, have been laid the foundations and 
 erected the stately columns, and endowed with all the professor 
 ships and paraphernalia properly pertaining to it, an institution 
 of learning, a grand university, on a scale far excelling any 
 other, that will forever hand down to the remotest generations, 
 not only the names of Leland Stanford and his beloved, talented, 
 and philanthropic wife, but also that of h is only and idolized 
 son Leland Stanford, Jr., whose name the great university 
 bears. 
 
 What, Mr. President, can I say in addition to what has already 
 been said to indicate my estimate of the character of our late 
 distinguished colleague. He was a man of kind and generous 
 heart. He was far above the average in those grand qualities 
 which go to make up the man of affairs. He was conspicuous as 
 a leader and organizer of men in the mighty march of material 
 development in the far West, and in the onward progress of the 
 civilization of the age in which we live. He asserted himself as 
 a master mind in the legislation of his time both State and na 
 tional. As governor of his State during the exciting and trou 
 blous period of the war, as Senator in the United States Senate 
 from the great State of California, as final* cier and philanthro- 
 
 440 
 
15 
 
 phist, his record is meritorious in the highest degree, wholly 
 free from blot or blemish, and absolutely unassailable in any 
 respect whatever. His name is prominently coupled and will 
 forever remain with the construction of the first transcontinental 
 railroad of the country which connected the civilization of the 
 East with that of the West. Indeed, he was one of the pro 
 moters and builders of that great enterprise. 
 
 And Mr. President, while we here to-day commemorate the 
 virtues of and pay tribute to the memory of our late distin 
 guished colleague, our personal friend, let us not forget the 
 widow in her desolation. Far away on the shores of the Pacific, 
 surrounded, it is true, by all the comforts and luxuries which 
 wealth and social distinction c in bring, sits to-day in her widow's 
 weeds, in gloomy solitude, overwhelmed with a sorrow that can 
 not be measured by either tongue or pen, the once happy bride 
 -of forty-three years ago, now the disconsolate widow "of three 
 months ago. 
 
 First came the remorseless reaper, and beneath the sunny 
 skies of Italy, far away from home, snatched from loving parents 
 the sole child, the idolized son on whom so many high hopes, the 
 outgrowth of parental solicitude, were centered, and, without 
 request or consent, tore him away to " that undiscovered coun 
 try from whose bourne no traveler returns:" and then, scarce be 
 fore the darkening shadows of this inexpressible grief had lifted 
 their gloom from the home life of our distinguished friend and 
 his faithful companion, the remorseless enemy with stealthy 
 tread again returns with seeming determination to assert in un 
 mistakable terms within that household the primacy and power 
 of that supreme intelligence which controls the affairs and de 
 termines the destinies of men and in the silent hours of night, 
 with no word of warning, closes forever the eyes of our late col 
 league, the loving husband of a wife already overwhelmed with 
 sorrow. To that widow to-day in her deep sorrow goes out the 
 sympathy of the Senate of the United States. We want her 
 to understand, to fully realize we do not fail to comprehend the 
 depths of her grief, and that our sympathy for her in her great 
 affliction is heartfelt and sincere. 
 
 We wish her to know that we, with her, believe, that beyond 
 this vale of tears, when the sorrows and griefs of parting in this 
 life shall forever fade away, that in the eternal and perfect home 
 of the Elysian fields, in that "undiscovered country "upon whose 
 hidden shores the eyes of mortal man have never yet rested, 
 there will in the dawning future be a reunion of kindred spirits, 
 a joyful, gladsome meeting of father, mother, husband, wife, 
 child, and that such reunion, in the grand economy of the Great 
 Architect of the Universe, will be but the beginning of a life of 
 eternal joy. 
 
 Mr. DANIEL. Mr. President, the late Senator Leland Stan 
 ford, of California, was a great man, and one of the most re 
 markable characters that this country has produced. His career 
 was on a gigantic scale, like the natural features of our imperial 
 domain, and like the mighty facts of our marvelous history. 
 
 His story from the time he went to the West, an adventurous 
 young man seeking his fortune, to the time when he became a 
 great railroad builder, governor, Senator, and a very Croesus in 
 
 440 
 
possessions, reads like an Ar bian tale, ''in the golden prime of 
 good Haroun Al Liaschid." 
 
 There was nothing small about him. Of massive frame, mas 
 sive head. ami massive mind, he was also a mtinoi great heart. 
 And great and beneficent works remain as his enduring monu 
 ments. Like George Peabody and W. W. Corcoran, he was a 
 philanthropist. To give was to him a joy to give quickly, to 
 give often, and to give much. " The Lord," we are told, " loveth 
 a cheerful giver,' and such was Leland Stanford, of California. 
 
 Senator Stanford deserves the name of patriot. He was the 
 governor of California during the most strained and excited 
 period of its history the civil war. In his conduct of that of 
 fice he exhibited his breadth of mind and demonstrated that 
 breadth of mind can never be separated from breadth of heart. 
 Instead of harshness and severity he applied to the disturbed 
 conditions of public sentiment, arising from conflicting views, 
 the ameliorating influences of moderation, kindness, and friendly 
 counsel. He brought men together who were indulging in ve 
 hement and inflammatory utterances. He pointed out to them 
 that they could accomplish no good by a querulous and incen 
 diary course; that if they became bitter and venomous toward 
 each other they would be no nearer the accomplishment of their 
 ends, but would poison the society of the State for many years to 
 come. And he succeeded by his firm, temperate, and generous 
 course in abating the miseries of int3rnecine strife and preserved 
 his people in the harmonies of friendship. 
 
 Senator Stanford was a firm and strong Republican. He w^as 
 one of the pioneers of the Republican party. He believed in its 
 doctrines, he had faith in its mission, and he seemed to me to 
 love his party with a sort of ideal affection. Yet, this enthusi 
 asm for party creeds and party leaders found no expression in 
 harshness, hatred, or narrowness of opinion or action. He would 
 differ from his party when he thought the occasion juustifiedit, 
 both as to measures and as to men. He did not look upon his op 
 ponents as enemies. He appreciated the genius of their action, 
 and the influences of their environments and education. He 
 knew they were as sincere as he was, he acknowledged their 
 rights to differ with him cind his, and he always retained their 
 respect and confidence. 
 
 Senator Stanford was not sectional in his feelings. However 
 much he was imbued with the ideas of the North, in which he 
 WLIS born, and with the ideas of the West, of which he became 
 the adopted son. he really felt toward all the people of this land 
 as if they were his countrymen, entitled to his consideration, and 
 to his friendly interests in their behalf. I have often heard him 
 talk about the social problems which we have before us, the 
 problems of labor, and money, and transportation, and especially 
 of the race problem, of which he saw much in California, and of 
 which he knew much as it affects the South. 
 
 I think he understood the Southern situation as well as any 
 man could who has never lived in that section. I think he sym 
 pathized with the delicate conditions there to be dealt with as 
 much as any man could who was not one of the vicinage, and I 
 know that it was his earnest hope and desire that time and na 
 ture, the great healers of wounds and the great builders of things 
 that last, might be left to work out the problem that the South- 
 
17 , 
 
 ern people have to contend with. Especially was he distressed, 
 at the idea of rude measures being 1 adopted. He knew'that the 
 conception of them sprung from irritated minds, and from mis 
 conceptions of possibilities. He knew that they would result in* 
 intensifying the evils which they would vainly seek to correct, 
 He knew that in the social constitution, as in the physical con 
 stitution, of man there are diseases and perturbations which no 
 physician can reach, either with compounded medicines or with 
 the touch of surgical instrument, and that rest and nutrition and 
 cheerful words are often the only remedial agents. 
 
 Senator Stanford's mind was of a very peculiar order, and his 
 experiences so differed from that of the ordinary man that his 
 conversation was singularly striking and interesting. He loved 
 to relate reminiscences of his early history, and his observations 
 of men and things in different parts of the world. He was a most 
 acute observer of men and affairs, and a great lover and student 
 of nature. Geological formations of the earth attracted his at 
 tention, and he would quickly observe indications and features 
 which an ordinary man would pass by unnoticed. He knew all 
 the trees in the parks around Washington. He could tell them 
 from the bark or leaf, and he knew the qualities and uses of the 
 woods which they produced. He watched the courses of the 
 birds, and the habits of animals, and indeed, the philosophy of 
 his life seemed to me to be gathered more directly from nature 
 than that of any man I have ever known. 
 
 While he was college bred and had the general information 
 that comes from perusal of current literature, he did not rely 
 so much upon books as upon observation and experience. He 
 was not a severe student of constitutions or statutes, but what 
 ever question arose he seemed to grasp it in its relation to men 
 and things and to construe it upon lines of thought connected 
 with the development of affairs and the betterment of condi 
 tions. 
 
 He was a great believer in education, and it was the frequent 
 subject of his conversational dissertation . It is related that when 
 he contemplated the establishment of Stanford University that 
 he and his wife together visited a distinguished college presi 
 dent in New England and asked what amount it would take to en 
 dow such a great institution as he described to him. After study 
 ing over the matter the college president answered, "About five 
 millions of dollars." He turned to his wife, standing by, and re 
 marked simply, "Don't you think we had better make it ten 
 millions, my dear?" 
 
 He had an inventive and creative intellect. He was the origi 
 nator of the use of the cable in street-car transportation in San 
 Francisco, and invented the grip first employed to communicate 
 the force of the cable. I have heard that he was also the in 
 ventor of the sand-blast, a process by which carvings in stone 
 are quickly made without the use of the chisel. The idea of it 
 occurred to him from noticing how the twig of a tree, shelter 
 ing u stone from sands blown against it by the winds left its 
 projected shape upon the stone behind it; and he conceived from 
 this observation the use of the sand-blast in art, fashioning the 
 plan on the workings of nature. 
 
 He also originated the use of the instantaneous photograph, 
 employing it to ascertain the exact movement of the horse in 
 
 440 2 
 
18 
 
 action, and deducing 1 from its observations principles which he 
 applied in the breeding of horses on his stock farm. 
 
 Senator Stanford was a wonderfully successful man. He seemed 
 to possess the successful temperament. He foresaw the move 
 ments of population, the trend in the growth of cities, the great 
 possibilities of uninhabited territory, and he applied his know 
 ledge in great concerns with as much ease as ordinary men 
 apply theirs to the trivial details of daily existence. He mastered 
 the details of whatever enterprise he undertook, and he spared 
 nothing to accomplish the ends he aimed at. He would spend 
 money as profusely as a potter would spend clay to make a mold 
 of an ideal. 
 
 Having conceived that an electric motor might be applied to 
 sewing machines, and thus enable housewives and poor working- 
 women to accomplish much where they now accomplished little, 
 a friend observed him one day as he gave $2,000 to an inventor 
 who was trying to work put the idea, and he remarked at the 
 time, ''This is the thirtieth man to whom I have given a like 
 sum to develop that idea." 
 
 He had remarkable fondness fo? the horse, and he had faith 
 in the capacity of his development to greater accomplishments 
 than any recorded, and before m-.my years had passed by he was 
 the head of the American turf, his trotting horses and his thor 
 oughbreds alike breaking all records. Nor was his predilec 
 tion a mere fancy of the mind or resource of amusement. To 
 give thousands or tens of thousands for a horse he desired he 
 counted as nothing. In results he made money, and accumu 
 lated fortunes upon the expenditure of fortunes. He could have 
 talked of evolution with Darwin and given him many a useful 
 hint and valuable experience. 
 
 There was something peculiarly soft and tender in his domes 
 tic life. He and his beloved wife were a noble pair well mated, 
 and walked the ways of life together, sharing all its joys and 
 sorrows in mutuality of love and counsel. Bereaved as she is 
 now, she has the sympathy of countless hearts who share her 
 sorrow. " Great men, "said Lord Bacon, " have no continuance." 
 And to him befell the fate of being bereaved of his only son. He 
 sought to fill the void in the father's and mother's heart by 
 building a great university toba called after his son, and to bs a 
 monumentto his memory, in which other youths might bs trained 
 and educated. And in years to come the ingenuous youths of our 
 country by scores and thousands will gather at the shrine of 
 learning which he has established, the fruit of the affection 
 which he cherished for his dead boy. 
 
 His interest in his employes was father-like. He believed in 
 high wages, but he sought on all occasions to impress upon his 
 employes the importance of s iving and becoming independent. 
 He was a kind and true friend and a genial companion. He was 
 singularly simple in his manners, generous in his hospitality, 
 and unostentatious in his dress, habits, and social ways. While 
 he moved amongst scenes of splendor which might have won the 
 envy of a Monte Cristo and dispensed hospitality like a prince 
 of the Orient, he did it with an unconscious simplicity which gave 
 to his life an unspeakable charm. 
 
 Quiet and composed as he always seemed, one would scarcely 
 conceive from his dignified appearance what tremendous energy 
 
 440 
 
19 
 
 and fire lay beneath the serene surface, but when aroused to 
 the inspiration of a great undertaking- he displayed the con 
 centrated forces and rapid movement which bespeak the quali 
 ties of a general who reads necessities of battle and hurls every 
 element of strength on the turning point. I am told that in 
 driving even he would often put his horses to their utmost 
 speed through long journeys, at once testing their qualities and 
 displaying the nervous energy and passion of their driver. 
 
 In the Senate he was not amongst its great debaters or speak 
 ers, but he served his State and country with fidelity and ability. 
 He was amongst the wise counsellors, and his influence was al 
 ways felt for judicious and patriotic ends. He had some ideas 
 which he was never able to impress upon his associates as be 
 ing practicable, amongst them his idea of lending vast amounts 
 of money upon land. I have talked with him for hours and 
 hours upon repeated occasions on that theme, and he often urged 
 me to adopt his views and advocate them. I could never see 
 that they were practicable, and with all my respect for him and 
 desire to meet his wishes, I could not, of course, comply with 
 his request. 
 
 Yet, let me say that beneath the difficulties which present 
 themselves to such an idea as he had formed, there are in it germs 
 of truth and wisdom, such as are found in the first evolutions of 
 invention, which, in a later and riper day of the world's history, 
 may be developed into much that is attainable and good. His 
 germinal idea was to put a fixed value on property, as there is a 
 fixed value upon money, and to make the possession of property, 
 which is taxed at a certain value, the assurance of the transmu 
 tation of that property into other forms of property when neces 
 sary or convenient; as the world's population shall increase, 
 and as financial refinements and facilities shall be developed, 
 there will be found in this idea much to build upon, and in the 
 end probably some ripe consummation. 
 
 He was an enthusiastic believer in the power and glory of this 
 country, and a great dreamer of its benevolent mission. He al 
 ways advocated more money for our restricted financial conditions 
 and the restoration of the bimetallic money, to which this land 
 had been accustomed for ^well-nigh a hundred years. In this he 
 departed from the views* of many capitalists, whom he thought 
 somewhat narrow in comprehension of their own permanent in 
 terests, and indicated, as I fancied, his sympathy with the strug 
 gling masses of humanity. 
 
 I can not say that I was ever intimate with Senator Stanford, 
 though as a member of the Committee on Piiblic Buildings, of 
 which he was chairman, I was often thrown in familiar inter 
 course with him, and enjoyed with him many days and hours of 
 agreeable companionship. In the refined courtesies which be 
 speak the gentleman, I have never known him to be surpassed. 
 No word that he ever uttered, either in private conversation or 
 in public debate, could offend the sensibilities of any citizen of 
 our country. 
 
 Of a robust constitution, it might have been expected that his 
 life would have been prolonged beyond the three score and ten 
 of man's allotted time, but he died at Palo Alto, his California 
 country home, on June 21 last, ere he had quite attained his 
 seventieth year. 
 
 440 
 
20 
 
 In common with all who knew him, I shall cherish of him the 
 most agreeable recollections. The world is better that he lived 
 in it and many a heart that has been made happy by his gener- / 
 ositv felt a pang of sorrow when he died. The fear of death is 
 doubtless implanted in the human soul, because God and Nature 
 have uses for the living and work for them to do which they 
 should not lay down undone; but when we see that death is uni 
 versal, it should afflict us with no mortal dread. 
 
 Well has the late Laureate of England described the succes 
 sive stages of nature, from the bud to the fruit, from the fruit 
 to decay: 
 
 Lo! in the middle of the wood 
 
 The folded leal is woo'd from out the bud 
 
 With winds upon the branch, and there 
 
 Grows green and takes no care. 
 
 Sun-steeped at noon, and on the moon 
 
 Nightly dew-fed; and turning yellow, 
 
 Falls and floats adownthe air. 
 
 Lo ' sweetened with the summer light, 
 
 The full-juiced apple waxiiig over mellow, 
 
 Drops in a silent autumn night, 
 
 All its allotted length of days. 
 
 The flower ripens in its place- 
 Ripens and fades and falls, 
 
 And hath no toil 
 
 Fast rooted in the soil. 
 
 Such, too, is human life like the fruit, waxing ever mellow 
 and returning again to the earth, from which it sprung. 
 
 So, now that our kind, good friend has passed away, we should 
 not veil his bier in tears. He had lived his life; he had done his 
 work: he had found happiness, such as it may be permitted mor 
 tal to possess or that earth could give; and, what is most, he had 
 conferred much happiness and benefaction upon others. It was 
 said of old that it was easier for the camel to go through the eye 
 of a needle than for a rich man to enter the Kingdom of Eeaven. 
 Whatever may be the temptations that assail the rich and pow 
 erful, surely one who earned to give as he did and who only 
 treated power as opportunity of good should find no impediment 
 toward the highest destiny which may await hereafter the spirits 
 of the just. Even as the sparks fly upward, it would seem to me 
 only in accord with the eternal harmonies of the universe that 
 his spirit, in quitting its earthly tenement, should find rest in 
 the bosom of his Father and his God. 
 
 Mr. STEWART. Mr. President, Senator Stanford was my 
 friend. I enjoyed his friendship for more than forty years. He 
 was a strong character, of the best Amercantype. In his child 
 hood and early youth he possessed the best possible advantages 
 which our country afforded. He was raised on a farm, where he 
 had an opportunity to observe, and did observe, the source of 
 wealth, prosperity, and civilization. He knew as a boy land, 
 soils, and crops, and the means of utilizing them. He became 
 familiar with animals and their use; with trees, plants, and 
 birds. He learned the use of tools and implements of husbandry. 
 He realized early in his eventful life that the storehouse of na 
 ture is abundantly supplied with all things necessary for the 
 good of man. The book of nature was his guide. Literature 
 and science, which illustrated that book and revealed its hidden 
 
 440 
 
21 
 
 mysteries, most interested him. He fully comprehended the 
 great truth so often expressed by him, that the earth and the 
 elements are abundantly sufficient to supply the ever-increasing 
 wants of man. 
 
 He was a utilitarian, and dedicated his career to the creation 
 of wealth by developing the resources of the West. In his youth 
 he had witnessed the marvelous development of the interior of 
 the great State of New York by means of the Erie Canal and. 
 other internal improvements. In his early manhood he saw, 
 while a resident of Wisconsin, the magic effect of railroads upon 
 the progress and development of the great Mississippi Valley. 
 When he made his home in the golden State of California he 
 was possessed of the spirit of enterprise and equipped with 
 kngwledge of affairs. He at once devoted his energies to utiliz 
 ing the resources of that new and undeveloped country. 
 
 The Pacific coast was then a far-off region. It took longer to 
 cross the uninhabited plains and rugged mountains which in 
 tervened between the East and the West than is now required 
 for a voyage around the world. A Pacific railroad to unite the 
 Atlantic and Pacific oceans was a dream of the distant future. 
 It was only a dream. No man ever hoped to realize that dream 
 in his own generation. The war of the rebellion forced upon 
 the attention of the country the isolated and defenseless position 
 of the region of the Pacific, but the people of all sections shrank 
 from the mighty undertaking of binding* the two sections to 
 gether with iron bands, thus cementing the Union. 
 
 Five resolute men in the little town of Sacramento, in the in 
 terior of California Leland Stanford, C. P. Huntington, Mark 
 Hopkins, E. B. Crocker, and his brother, Charles Crocker 
 brought upon themselves the gibes and jeers of the thoughtless 
 multitude by the organization of a company to construct a 
 Pacific railroad. The project to scale the dizzy heights of the 
 Sierra and Rocky Mountains, to traverse the dreary plains, sup 
 posed to be uninhabitable deserts, with a railroad of unlimited 
 cost, was treated with ridicule and contempt by nearly every 
 man of wealth in the State of California. The press" of San 
 Francisco, the metropolis of the Pacific coast, denounced the 
 project as a wild scheme of visionary cranks. 
 
 The five men who projected the enterprise, unaffected by the 
 opinions of others, pressed on with supreme faith and undaunted 
 courage. They appealed for encouragement and aid to the State 
 of California and the counties immediately affected by the road, 
 and obtained some assistance by guaranty of credit; but the 
 work was too great for local enterprise. They applied to Con 
 gress, and, in cooperation with enterprising men of the East, se 
 cured legislation which enabled them to complete the work, re 
 alize the object of their ambition, lead the way to the develop 
 ment of the empire of the West and to the creation of a cordon 
 of States from the Atlantic to the Pacific. 
 
 The promoters of this great enterprise are all dead but one. 
 Mr. C. P. Huntington, the now president, who was vice-president 
 and financial manager of the company from beginning to end. is 
 the only survivor. 
 
 Leland Stanford was governor of California during the rebel 
 lion, and was counted one of the gr^at war governors. He was 
 the right man for the time and place, and contributed largely in 
 440 
 
22 
 
 t 
 
 encouraging and maintaining loyalty to the Union and preserv 
 ing peace and good order on the Pacific coast. 
 
 We knew Senator Stanford here after his great labor had in 
 jured his health and deprived him of the physioal vigor which 
 had distinguished him as a man of great affairs*, but his judg 
 ment was unimpaired. His knowledge of business and of the 
 legitimate functions of Government made him a safe adviser and 
 a useful and valuable member of this body. His kind In-art, 
 generous nature, and deep sympathy for the masses endeared 
 him to every member of the Senate. No Senator who entered 
 the Chamber was greeted more cordially or appreciated more 
 highly than Senator Stanford during all the time he took part 
 in the counsels of the Senate. Every suggestion he made, every 
 speech he delivered, and every bill he introduced had for its 
 object the good of all the people. 
 
 But it was as a private citizen that his desire to benefit his 
 fellow-man was most conspicuously exemplified. Mrs. Stanford, 
 who survives him, is also a conspicuous character. Theyh.nl an 
 only son, a youth of great promise, around whom their hearts 
 were entwined, and in whom their hopes were centered. Some 
 years ago he was taken from them. They were left childless, so 
 far as their own blood and lineage were concerned; but they did 
 not remain isolated from the world. They made, by adoption, 
 the children of the people their own children, and dedicated 
 their lives and fortune to the youth of their country, both those 
 now living and those who come after us. They devoted their 
 joint energies with renewed hope and vigor to the establishment 
 of a university for the education of youth of both sexes in all 
 branches of science, learning, and literature which contribute 
 to the elevation of the race and to the development of the re 
 sources of nature from which the wants of man are supplied. 
 Their devotion to this great object did not render them unmind 
 ful of the poor and unfortunate, and they lost no opportunity to 
 confer unostentatious charity and relieve want to tne extent of 
 their power. 
 
 Mrs. Stanford is left alone to carry out the grand enterprise 
 which they jointly undertook some years ago, when it was agreed 
 that the survivor, whichever it might be, on the death of other 
 should continue during life to perform the work of both. Mrs. 
 Stanford is now devoting her life to placing the Leland Stanford, 
 ir., University upon a firm and enduring basis. The death of 
 her beloved son in whose honor the university is named, and the 
 loss of her husband and co-worker, would discourage a worn: m of 
 less faith and hope than she possesses. But the confident belief 
 that her husband and son would approve of her good work give 
 her strength and courage which nothing else could bestow. 
 
 During the long residence of Senator Stanford in California as 
 war governor, United States Senator, and private citizen he en 
 joyed the love and respect of the people. Bitter rivalries and 
 political strifes, which are always attended with jealousies and 
 heart-burnings, never broke the sym pathetic chord which bound 
 him to the people of California. But the respect, love, and af 
 fection which his good deeds inspired have at all times secured 
 for him a warm place in the hearts of his fellow-men. The labors 
 of Mrs. Stanford will be aided and assisted by the profound sym- 
 
 440 
 
23 
 
 pathy and Hndly feelings not only of the people of the Pacific 
 coast, but inso of all the people of our common country. 
 
 The life of Senator Stanford is not only valuable for the good 
 he did while living 1 , but the beneficial effects upon the present 
 and coming generations of the example his life has furnished 
 can not be overestimated. The lives of the great and good men 
 who have preceded us shape and mold our destiny; and as time 
 rolls on those who now act well their part will also contribute 
 to mold the character, sh:tpe the institutions, and improve the 
 conditions of generations yet unborn. We can say of Senator 
 Stanford. "Well done, thou good and faithful servant. You 
 have contributed your full share to make others happier and 
 better." We extend our heartfelt symp ithy to his sol-rowing 
 widow, who, while she mourns, has the consolation of knowing 1 
 that the memory of her deceased husband is cherished and re 
 spected by all the people of the great country which he loved 
 and served so well. 
 
 Mr. VEST. Mr. President. I knew Governor Stanford very 
 well. He was chairman of the Committee on Public Buildings and 
 Grounds, of which I have been a member since I came to the 
 Senate. During the latter years of his life disease and growing 
 infirmity brought him very close to the younger members of the 
 committee. His personality was always exceedingly interesting 
 and unique. He had a very peculiar ment-d organization. His 
 mind seemed to work very slowly and with great deliberation, 
 but it had that highest attribute of mentality, the power of an 
 alysis. I studied him from time to time with much interest and 
 curiosity. The secret of his great success in life seemed to lie 
 in his tenacity of purpose and inflexibility of opinion when once 
 formed. It amounted almost to obstinacy. 
 
 After once having come to a conclusion he adhered to it with 
 almost fanatical devotion. He was further removed than any 
 man I ever knew from agnosticism. He had no sort of sympathy 
 with the cowardly philosophy of the agnostic, which tries to 
 solve the great problems of life and eternity by simply saying, 
 "I do not know." He was a Christian in the highest and best 
 sense of the term. He believed in the religion of humanity, and 
 trusted implicitly his welfare here and hereafter to the Sermon 
 on the Mount. 
 
 Teach me to feel another's woe, 
 
 To hide the fault I see: 
 That mercy I to others show, 
 That mercy show to me. 
 
 He brought the sunshine into thousands of darkened hearts 
 and homes, for this was the inevitable result of the belief he had 
 in the eternal truths of the Christian religion. 
 
 In the latter part of his life he devoted all his energies to two 
 great ideas. First, his system of currency and taxation based 
 on real estate, with which I never had the slightest sympathy. 
 Like the Senator from Virginia [Mr. DANIEL,], I listened tohim 
 for hours upon this question and could not but admire his earn 
 estness and lorce.but they never produced with me the slightest 
 conviction. 
 
 "Mis other great idea, to which he devoted all his energies, was 
 the founding of a vast educational institution. I shared for some 
 
 440 
 
time after I first became acquainted *dth him in the popular 
 error that this was simply a sentiment allied with deep love for 
 his dead boy in whose grave he had placed his heart. I found 
 in conversation that I was mistaken. 
 
 In speaking to me about this great university and explaining 
 its plans, he said that he had hesitated long between devoting 
 his fortune to a vast hospital or to a university: but that he had 
 come to the conclusion that his duty was to endow this educa 
 tional institution in the interest of humanity and of the Ameri 
 can people, ''for," he said, and it made a great impression upon 
 me, " in a country with our autonomy and universal suffrage, the 
 safety of the Republic must rest upon the educated intelligence 
 of the people." I called his attention at the time to the fact 
 that in this he agreed with Mr. Jefferson, who, in one of his 
 letters to a friend, explained that the crowning honor of his life 
 and the crowning work of all his labors had been the founding 
 of the University of Virginia, because, in almost the same lan 
 guage, he said upon the educated intelligence of the American 
 people must rest the hope of future generations." 
 
 I had occasion in the same conversation to call Governor Stan 
 ford's attention to this language and to the emphasis which Jeffer 
 son gave in writing his own epitaph to his idea of the necessity 
 of education for a republican people like ours. Jefferson had 
 been a member of the house of burgesses of Virginia, governor 
 of the Commonwealth, Minister to France, Vice-President of 
 the United States, twice elected President of the Republic, and 
 yet in that epitaph upon the obelisk which he caused to be 
 erected over his grave none of these titular honors are found. 
 
 Here lies Thomas Jefferson, Author of the Declaration of Independence, of 
 the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom, and Father of the University 
 of Virginia. 
 
 In his own estimation he crowned his long and illustrious 
 career as did Leland Stanford with the erection of a university 
 which should set free the imprisoned intellect held down by the 
 iron band of poverty and circumstances. 
 
 Mr. President, there are two incidents in the public career of 
 Governor Stanford that made upon me and others who sympa 
 thized with me a profound impression. As my friend from Vir 
 ginia has said, he was a great man, because that man is essen 
 tially great who can throw off the prejudices of education and 
 locality and rise to the necessities of the race to which he be 
 longs. 
 
 One touch of nature makes the whole world kin. 
 
 And a man who recognizes this has in him the elements of 
 greatness. 
 
 I trust that I infringe upon none of the proprieties of the oc 
 casion in alluding to these two incidents, well known to my 
 brother Senators. 
 
 Governor Stanford first attained celebrity and a national re 
 putation as the war governor of California. He was an intense 
 Union man; he had not the slighest sympathy with what he 
 called the crime of the rebellion. He knew little of the South 
 ern people except historically. He did his duty faithfully to the 
 cause to which his opinions and feelings brought him, and 
 during the darkest hours of that cause. 
 
 410 
 
25 
 
 When the nomination of Lamar was sent to the Senate for Asso 
 ciate Justice of the ^Supreme Court of the United States a deter 
 mined effort was made to defeat it. Party lines were attempted 
 to be drawn, and sectional feeling was attempted to be aroused. 
 Governor Stanford in a conversation with me gave his reasons 
 for favoring that confirmation. He said, " No man sympathized 
 more sincerely than myself with the cause of the Union, or dep 
 recated more the course of the South. I would have given for 
 tune and life to have defeated that cause. But the war has ter 
 minated, and what this country needs now is absolute and profound 
 peace. Lamar was a representative Southern man and adhered 
 to the convictions of his boyhood and manhood , I respect such 
 a man. There can never be pacification in this country until 
 these war memories are obliterated by the action of the Execu 
 tive and of Congress." 
 
 Again, when the force bill was pending and when the most 
 determined efforts were made to draw him to the support of 
 that measure, for the reasons which he had already given in re 
 gard to the Lamar nomination he deliberately and positively 
 opposed that measure upon the ground, as he stated to me, that 
 its drastic operation would renew the bitterness of feeling in 
 the Southern States which had existed during the war. 
 
 But, Mr. President, as has been said here, it is not upon his 
 public life or his business methods that the fame of Governor 
 Stanford will rest. It is upon that charity and kindliness, that 
 philanthropy, which marked his career, and caused him to dedi 
 cate his fortune to the interests of humanity, that his memory 
 will go down to succeeding generations. His name will be re 
 membered not only upon the shores of the Pacific and in the 
 canons of the Sierras but throughout the civilized world when 
 that of every other man in the Senate will have faded into ob 
 livion. The world never forgets men who have illustrated the 
 true and proper use of wealth, as he has done. 
 
 Some years ago I listened to an eloquent lecturer who de 
 picted a shipwreck, where the desperate swimmers went down 
 battling with the eager waves that dragged them to death, and 
 on the shore of the ocean stood a multimillionaire with a vast 
 lumber yard, every plank in which was a life-preserver; and 
 yet he gave not one splinter, because he was not paid for it. 
 The most despicable character that can be known or invented is 
 that of a miser who clutches his gold because it is gold and 
 hoards it from intense selfishnass. But the man who considers 
 himself a trustee of the bounty that God hath given him, who 
 succors the poor, the needy, the distressed, typifies the om 
 niscient mercy of that great Being who creates and guides all 
 things. 
 
 Governor Stanford has erected before all the. world a magnifi 
 cent mausoleum in the university founded by his wealth, but a 
 more enduring monument is that of his good deeds and kindly 
 words. If every human being to whom he had done a kindness 
 could place on 3 leaf upon his grave, he would sleep to-night be 
 neath a mountain of foliage. Bancroft LlbtMy 
 
 Mr. PERKINS. Mr. President, in accordance with a time- 
 honored custom in the Senate, it seems eminently proper that 
 among my first utterances before this august body should be a 
 
 440 
 
26 
 
 memorial tribute to my distinguished predecessor, Leiand Stan 
 ford, whose seat I am for the time called upon to occupy. 
 
 For eight years past he represented the State of California in 
 the highest councils of the nation, and on the 21st of last June, 
 at his beautiful country home at Palo Alto, he peacefully passed 
 to that bourne from which no traveler returns. The many eulo 
 gies which his death have called forth show what a large place 
 he filled in the esteem and affection of his fellow-men, and make 
 me painfully aware of my own inability to do justice to his merits 
 as a man, his eminence as a citizen, his record as a philanthropist, 
 and his illustrious services to his country and his kind. 
 
 Leiand Stanford was born on the 9th day of March, 1824, at 
 Water vliet, Albany County, N. Y. He came of sturdy and 
 honorable English ancestry, identified for two centuries with 
 the best traditions of New England life. The father of Senator 
 Stanford removed early in the present century from Massachu 
 setts to the State of New York and became a thrifty and highly 
 respected farmer and successful railroad contractor. Amid the 
 beautiful scenery of the Mohawk Valley, the robust and healthful 
 associations of farm life, and such instruction as the neighbor 
 ing schools afforded, the boy grew up strong in body, sound in 
 mind, loving nature, honoring manual labor, eager for practical 
 information, and learning to master himself. He was early noted 
 for his sterling good sense, his cheerfulness, and kindliness of 
 heart. At 20 years of age he began the study of law, and was ad 
 mitted to the bar in 1849. In the same year he sought the larger 
 opportunities of the great West, removing to Port Washington, 
 Wis., where he engaged in the practice of his profession. He 
 returned to Albany in 1850 to be married to Miss Jane Lathrop, 
 the daughter of a respected merchant of that city, a woman of a 
 largeness of nature and generous impulses corresponding with his 
 own. Having thus assured his domestic happiness he returned to 
 Port Washington with his young wife. Two years later he was 
 overtaken by a calamity which eventually proved to be the turn 
 ing point in his fortunes and led to the eventful and auspicious 
 years that were to follow. A fire destroyed his law library and 
 household effects, and left the young couple to begin the world 
 over again. This event confirmed his half-formed inclination to 
 remove to California, where his brothers had already established 
 themselves. On the 12th of July, 1852, Leiand Stanford stepped 
 on the soil of the golden State to begin that career which, 
 whether it be contemplated from the standpoint of business suc 
 cess, industrial enterprise, patriotic service, or philanthropic de 
 votion, is full of honorable testimony to his worth as a man and 
 a citizen. After various attempts at mining and trading in the 
 interior counties, Mr. Stanford engaged in mercantile pursuits 
 in Sacramento, in partnership with his brothers. In 1856 the 
 firm removed to San Francisco, and speedily acquired a reputa 
 tion for honorable dealing and sagacity: and it was here that 
 Mr. Stanford laid the foundation of his financial prosperity. 
 
 To this period is also to be ascribed Mr. Stanford's first 
 entry into political life. It was a time of intense agitation; 
 questions of vital import to the nation and to humanity were 
 being discussed in Congress and among the people: political 
 parties were being formed and reformed. It was impossible for 
 a man of patriotic and liberty-loving impulses not to be pro- 
 
 440. 
 
'oundly stirred by the issues and events that attended the birth 
 )f the Republican party at the outbreak of the civil war. Be- 
 3ause of the larger mold in which he was cast Leland Stanford 
 was naturally a leader of men. In 1857 he was the unsuccessful 
 saniidate of the party for state treasurer, and later received an 
 unsought and undesired nomination for governor. He first be 
 came prominent in national affairs when, in 1860, he attended as 
 i delegate the Republican convention in Chicago which nomi 
 nated Abraham Lincoln. He witnessed the inauguration of 
 President Lincoln and for some time after remained in Wash 
 ington, enjoying the confidence of the nation's chief, being his 
 trusted adviser with regard to matters in California. 
 
 In the meantime the awful struggle for union and liberty be- 
 p-an, and the war cloud drifted slowly over to the Pacific coast. 
 Mr. Stanford returned to his adopted State, to find it con 
 vulsed with the throes of anticipated civil conflict. The dis 
 union element was large, well organized, and determined. The 
 seductive vision of an independent Pacific republic was under 
 mining the loyalty of many. There was urgent need of prompt 
 and efficient action on the part of patriotic citizens and believers 
 in a United States. 
 
 The events that followed are a matter of well-known history, 
 a, chapter in the political evolution of California to which its 
 loyal people to-day point with justifiable pride. Suffice it to 
 say, that in the councils and measures then taken to assure the 
 safety of the Union, Leland Stanford bore a conspicuous part. 
 If Starr King was the eloquent voice of the Union sentiment, 
 and Gen. Sumner its strong sword arm, Leland Stanford was 
 its faithful standard-bearer and efficient organizer for action. 
 Out of the fusion of political elements in the white heat of that 
 hour the Union party came forth with Leland Stanford as its 
 candidate for governor. It swept the State with a great moral 
 as well as political victory; and, as if to mark the people's con 
 fidence in Mr. Stanford, he ran 6,000 votes ahead of his ticket. 
 In the trying and difficult services that followed, this popular 
 confidence was vindicated. None could question his loyalty to 
 the national idea, his courage and devotion to the best interests 
 of the State. The partisan passions of that day have cooled, and 
 the wisdom and patriotism of California's great war governor are 
 universally appreciated. 
 
 Not least among the laurels we lay upon his grave is the sor 
 row of a State for a lost leader, for a wise executive, to whom it 
 was so largely owing that no American Commonwealth was more 
 loyal to the national idea than California, none responded more 
 promptly to the appeals of the central Government or gave with 
 more lavish and sympathetic bounty to the wounded and suffer 
 ing soldier. The Loyal Legion of the United States utters the 
 popular sentiment when, in a recent circular commemorating- its 
 deceased member, it declares, " His name will go down in his 
 tory as the war governor of California, and that distinction was 
 one of his proudest boasts.*' 
 
 Relieved from public duties at the end of his term, Mr. Stan 
 ford found awaiting him a task worthy of his large administra 
 tive and executive abilities the building of the Central Pacific 
 Railroad. More and more as the war progressed, the unfortu 
 nate isolation of California from the rest of the country had be- 
 
 440 
 
30 
 
 of modern physical science and manual labor training- which 
 arc lending features in the education of our day. Senator Stan 
 ford sought to combine in his new institution theoretical instruc 
 tion with practic il training, the study of the applied sciences 
 and arts simultaneously with pure learning and the humanities. 
 The consummation of this great scheme of benevolence Senator 
 Stanford did not defer till after his death, but rather became the 
 executor of hi^ own estate while living. He set about the work 
 himself at once. On the 14th of November, 1885. the grant of 
 endowment was publicly made by which his first gift of $5,000,000 
 was secured to the new institution. With characteristic energy 
 the enterprise was forwarded. As by magic there arose in the 
 lovely valley, sheltered by the green foothills of the Coast Range, 
 the gVeat stone quadrangles of the university. Already in the 
 fall of 1891 the courses of instruction began. During the past 
 two years nearly 1,500 eager students have made the lofty clois 
 ters reverberate with the hum of their cheerful industry and 
 the effervescence of their youthful spirits. The libraries and 
 museums are filled with ardent seekers for the stored knowledge 
 of the world, the laboratories and workshops resound with the 
 clatter of machinery and the practice of the applied sciences *nd 
 arts. Not only from California and her sister States, but from 
 Eastern communities, from Mexico and the South American Re 
 publics, and from the isles and continents of the Pacific Ocean, the 
 flow of students is steadily setting in, and the university seems 
 destined to become a medium for uniting both Occident and Orient 
 in the bonds of human culture and brotherhood. 
 
 Senator Stanford was spared to be present at two of the com 
 mencements of the school he had founded, the central object, 
 with his honored wife, of the reverence and gratitude of the 
 great assembly. The contemplation of the results of their pub 
 lic spirit and generosity and "the affectionate homage they re 
 ceived from their fellow-men must have afforded them a most 
 exalted form of pleasure, and made their last days together on 
 earth full of peace and blessing. Senator Stanford appreciated 
 fully that, to quote his own words, "An institution of learning, 
 however broad its plans and noble its purposes, must be a growth 
 and not a creation." He made no secret of his expectations, 
 however, that in the course of time the income from his com 
 pleted endowment would reach a million dollars annually, and 
 suffice for the free instruction of ten thousand students. This 
 would make it by far the largest gift ever made to science by an 
 individual in human history. It will not be out of place, surely, 
 for me to solicit the sympathy and good will of Senators for the 
 admirable lady who is charged with the sole and unrestricted 
 responsibility of carrying out this great scheme of human benefi 
 cence. 
 
 My tribute would be sadly incomplete if it did not include in 
 its brief survey some recognition of the private and personal 
 worth of the man it commemorates. The strong will and con 
 tinuity .of purpose; the large, calm judgment: the statesmanlike 
 sagacity and executive force of Leland Stanford, have perhaps 
 been sufficiently set forth in what others and I have already said 
 concerning him. But there were gentler, more humane traits 
 in him that well deserve to be remembered. In private inter 
 course he was genial and kindly, and the soul of hospitality. His 
 
 440 
 
31 
 
 innate chivalry of nature was displayed in his polite deference 
 to women and high consideration for them. He was a sincere 
 believer in the political enfranchisement as well as equal civil 
 and business rights of women. His university at Palo Alto is 
 open to both sexes alike. It is a crowning- touch of this chivalric 
 spirit that in all his public beneficence he linked his wife's name 
 with his own, and dying 1 left his vast fortune to her sole dis 
 posal. His quick sympathies were revealed not only by his loyal 
 friendship and numberless deeds of kindness, but in the love he 
 bore the animal kingdom. On his great ranches thousands of 
 noble horses found in him a gentle master. His great mastiffs 
 at Palo Alto miss to-day the kindly touch of that master's hand. 
 He loved the very trees at his country seat, and had them shore 
 up the decayed and feeble limbs that threatened to fall. His 
 earthly successes were due to many fortuitous circumstances in 
 his career and character, but his victories over his fellow-men 
 were won through the goodness of his heart. The self-sufficiency 
 and cynicism which so often attend wealth and power he never 
 knew. He always believed in human nature and trusted the peo 
 ple; for, as he said, "the majority of men desire to do right." 
 
 Finally, sir, I may be permitted to say that all his moral nature 
 was based on profound religious convictions. While making no 
 ostentatious professions of religion, and not a member of any 
 church, his mind, liberalized by the reading of modern science 
 and philosophy, yet clung to the primal truths of Christ's teach 
 ing God, virtue, and immortality. In the charter of the new 
 university he prohibits sectarian instruction, but requires the 
 teaching of " the immortality of the soul, the existence of an 
 all-wise and beneficent Creator, and that obedience to His laws 
 is the highest duty of man." After his son's death his thoughts 
 turned with increasing solemnity to contemplate the vast issues 
 of the eternal life. 
 
 Like ancient Cato, as reported by Cicero, he might have said: 
 
 Glorious day, when I shall remove from this confused crowd to join the 
 divine assembly of souls ! For 1 shall go not only to meet great men, but 
 also my own son Cato. His spirit, looking back upon me, departed to that 
 place whither he knew that I should soon come, and he has never deserted 
 me. 
 
 If I have borne his loss with courage, it is because I consoled myself with 
 the thought that our separation would not be for long. 
 
 In whichever of its many aspects we contemplate the life of 
 Leland Stanford, as a successful and honorable merchant, as a 
 great ahief of industry, as a patriotic war governor, as a Senator 
 oi the United States, as a wise and generous philanthropist, he 
 reveals himself as a unique and commanding figure in our coun 
 try's history, and a noble type of American manhood. 
 
 Peace to his ashes and honor to his memory! 
 
 Mr. President, as a mark of respect to the memory of Leland 
 Stanford, who died while a Senator of the United States, I move 
 that the Senate do now adjourn. 
 
 The motion was unanimously agreed to, and (at 5 o'clock and 
 25 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until Monday, September 
 18, 1893, at 12 o'clock m. 
 
 440