UC-NRLF 
 
 B M Dlt. TSb 
 
 
GIFT OF 
 HORACE W. CARPENTIER 
 

 
 / ^PBENDIX 
 
 DICTIONARY OF THE HiUSA LANGUAGE 
 
 (Published 1876). 
 
 HAUSA-ENGLISH PART, 
 
 ADDITIONS OF HAUSA LITERATURE. 
 
 JAMES FREDERICK/ SCHON, D.D., F.R.G.S., 
 
 LATE CHAPLAIN OF MELVILLE HOSPfTSti; CHATHAM; FORMERLY MISSIONARY 
 OF THE CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY IN WEST AFRICA. 
 
 LONDON 
 CHURCH MISSIONARY HOUSE, 
 
 SALISBURY SQUARE, FLEET STREET, E.O 
 
 1888. 
 
PUƁLTSHED IX IIAIT.SA 1*>Y THE SAME AUTHOR. 
 
 Ti;tn--liii<ins : — ISoN. Tin: Book of Genesis. 
 
 ISoi). TiiK 15ooK OF Exodus. 
 
 1881. The Prophet Isaiah. 
 
 The Eook of Psaljis. 
 (TlicIatoDr. Baikie's tran.slatioii.) 
 
 The New Testament. 
 
 British and Foreign Bible Society, Queen Victoria Street. 
 
 18G2. GiiAMMAK of the Hausa Language. 
 
 Hausa Primer, Paut I. (Arahic Transcription.) 
 
 Hausa Primer, Part II. 
 1^70. Hausa Dictionary, Part I. — Hansa-English. 
 
 Hausa Dictionary, Part II. — Englic;li-Hausa. 
 
 1877. Hausa Reabing B(Wk. With Grammatical Elements. 
 
 1885-G. Magana Hausa. Containin,if Storie.=;, Proverbs, and 
 Historical Frn'^nients, with English Translation. 
 
 1888. ArPENDix to Hausa Dictionary. 
 
 Church Missionary House, Salisbury Square, London. 
 
PEEFACE. 
 
 
 The author thiuks it necessary to observe that this Appendix 
 is compiled chiefly from the writings of others, viz, !Rev. T. C. 
 John, of Lokoja, River Niger ; the late Dr. Baikie, K.N., for 
 several years Consul at Lokoja ; Mr. Uriah Bennett, connected 
 with the African Trading Company; and Mr. G. A. Krause. 
 
 The Eev. T. C. John's communications were voluminous, 
 and exceedingly useful. Dr. Baikie's consisted in an exten- 
 sive collection of words, gathered from day to day, without 
 any regard to alphabetical order. His papers were procured 
 for me by Dr. Cust, of the C. M. S., and by Dr. Baikie's sister. 
 The author regrets that Dr. Baikie's death ensued before he 
 could arrange and publish his collection, as he undoubtedly 
 intended to do. The public v/ould have greatly benefited by 
 his knowledge of the language. 
 
 The author thinks it needful to incorporate every new form 
 of a word, e.g. plural forms of nouns and also of verbs — which 
 may account for the somewhat abrupt and disconnected mode 
 in which his Appendix appears. In conclusion, he desires to 
 express his sincere gratitude to Thomas Fowell Buxton, Esq., 
 of Easneye, Ware, for his liberality in defraying the expense 
 of publishing this Appendix, as he also kindly did of the Dic- 
 tionary published in 1876 ; and earnestly hopes that the sue- 
 
 52I;1H9 
 
iv PREFACE. 
 
 cess of these works will ])e such as to reward his untiring 
 generosity towards Africa. 
 
 The author regrets that serious illness has prevented him 
 from giving this Appendix all the attention he desired ; and 
 that its publication has been dela^^ed from the same cause, 
 lie is, however, nmch cheered by the fact that the study of 
 the Hausa language is now not only encouraged, but is about 
 to be made compulsory among the officers commanding the 
 Hausa Corps at the Gold Coast and at Lagos. 
 
 J. F. SCHON. 
 
 Palm Cottage, 
 New Beompton, Kent. 
 VMh July, 1888. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 TO 
 
 HAUSA DICTIONAEY.* 
 
 A. 
 
 (Words beginning, &c., add, after alie, aiika, and after mai, 
 or mi, in some dialects.) 
 
 A, prefix connected with the present tense, to denote the 
 passive or the indefinite — man, one, some one; as, nemi, 
 to seek, look for; anemi, to be sought, or does any one 
 look for ? ivclze, to scatter, awcize, scattered ; waiike, to 
 ■wash, awanke, washed. 
 A, prep, and adv., on, upon this, thereupon. A hdya, in the 
 
 back, behind ; a gahd, in front, before. 
 Ad- ad, neg. adv.. No, no ; by no means, on no account, &c. 
 Aai, n., honour. Aaina ya yi murna ! 
 Ahadcl, add, and abaddni, for ever and ever. 
 Ahdu, n. pr. m., the name of the present ruler of Bomu. 
 Ahdiiga, add, ahduga ta Icetu, tinder, that is, cotten used with 
 steel and flint ; the same as alfodnii. Ahdugdn gwdri, a 
 kind of cotton of a yellow tinge ; ahdtcgdn tarfdsa, cotton 
 bursting in the pod. 
 Ahega, n. pr. m., the name given to one of Dr. Barth^s servants ; 
 probably a Margi word. Abega's description : " MiUume 
 nan ya sd mdni sund, ya ce : su Tcirdni Ahega, don rua sdfia 
 ya yi," i.e.. The man who gave me this name said they 
 should call me Abega, because the early rains were com- 
 mencing. 
 
 * Dictionary of the " Hausa Language," Sac, by J. F. Sclion. Church 
 Missionary House, Salisbury Square, Fleet Street, London, 1876. 
 
( 2 ) 
 
 Ahin, add ahin da aJce ciki, abin da si wude, that which is pre- 
 sent, that which is past. Abin cinfdza, fish-bait ; ahin 
 sdvia, thunder ; ahin hdwa, a staircase ; al/ui foro, terror, 
 terrible thing, or event ; ahin hida, matter of research ; 
 subject for inquiry ; ahin da ya, sd akacedasi woll, the 
 reason why he was called a saint. Ahifi hdsa, n., reptiles. 
 Ahin da ha ha so ha yi ma wuni ? Ahin gaiaua, salutation, 
 present. 
 
 Abhi, add yi abhi, to be prosperous, to increase, to multiply. 
 Abu haddn ya yi ydwa. Ai gero ha si da abhi, gero is not 
 profitable. 
 
 Abnusa, n., ebony. 
 
 Ahphi, add, abuhiya (f. pi. abtikioyi) , friend. Sineydroahohina 
 na gdshia. Prov. Ahohin serki, serhi ne. AboJcin Sdwara, 
 n., a confidant, friend. Abohai na zumu, my familiar 
 friends, or blood relations. 
 
 Abuhdhar, p. n. m. 
 
 Ada, pr. n. f. 
 
 AdatUy n. pr. m. 
 
 Addmasi, n., name of a town. Ba-addmasi, m., ba-adamusa, f., 
 pi. addmnsdwa, inhabitant or native of Adama. 
 
 Adan, conj., the same as idan, if, but; wenn docJt ! 
 
 Adauhdhaka bisa samdnia, Be thou exalted above the heavens ! 
 
 Adaure, in Kano, the same as addmre, bound. 
 
 Adila, m., a large salt bag, two forming a donkey-load. 
 
 Adilci, n. righteousness, justice. 8drihi sina da adllci bisa 
 Tnaidiihia da bisa tdlaha. Maiadllci (pi. adilai), righteous, 
 just person. 
 
 Adlniy n., add : faith, belief, religion, judgment. 
 
 Ado (pi. adodi) dress, pomp, appearance, show. MiUume nan 
 Sina da ado. Adun sarauta, royal dress ; royal insignia. 
 Ba adodin zindria, in vesture of gold. 
 
 Afahe, adv., unexpectedly. 
 
 Afijia, n., water-tortoise. 
 
 Afmi,\i.,th.e name given to the Haiisa nation by the Bornu people. 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 Afo, n., the name of the country of Ekpo. Irin Afo ha in ne 
 
 ha ; hardy I ne. 
 Aga, n., organ, harp; mdsuaga, those that play the harp. 
 
 (Gen. iv. 21). 
 AgadeH, n., a very large hammer. 
 
 Agaiscka, my best thanks to thee. Br. Thanks be to thee. 
 Agha, a Yoruba word, meaning cask. 
 
 Agina, to be built. Hal dhadd nlma agindta. (Ps. Ixxxix. 2.) 
 Agula, add : a name common to male and female children. 
 
 Agula ha ndmdn Jcpwa ha. Anahd sund nan ga da ko dia da 
 
 akahaife en mace na yin wdhi. Kowa da akahdda sundn 
 
 agula, uwdnsa ta kan haifa, amd ydya ha su ^dya ha ; 
 
 wonda ya ^dya H ne da sund agfda. Mace nan ta td yi 
 
 wdhi, (John) . Compare ahiku in Yoruba. 
 Agmvata rHwa, n. a species of water-lily. 
 Agwagwa, n., "Victoria robe,^' i.q. aghdgha. 
 Ahmada, n. pr., Mahomed. 
 Ahdras, m., ahardsa, f., a reddish-brown horse. 
 Ahardn kofi, n., some kind of silk. 
 Ahdsa, to be lit; Ama en ahdsada wuta cikinsa yafdye dddin 
 
 zdma. 
 Ai, adv., verily, truly, certainly. At ha ayi milgu sdriki, sdi 
 
 mf/gu hafddi, Verily, the king can do no wrong, the wrong 
 
 is done by his minister. 
 Aihu, n., spot, blemish, fault, wrinkle. Saidai ni da aihu, I 
 
 only am at fault, or to blame. 
 Aido, n., a wild beast of the size of a small donkey. 
 A'ife, i.q. haife, born. 
 
 Aikdla, tr, v., to deal ; to do, effect, to send. 
 Aike, add andikcsu = ana aikesu, they are, or were, sent. 
 Aikeda, to send forth. 
 Aiki sdnda habd, n., the infinitive. 
 Aikieye, m., aikieya, f., aikieyu, sent. 
 Ainya ainya ! iddmu ya gdni, fie upon thee ! fie upon thee ! our 
 
 eye has seen it. 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 Airi, and aydri, n., a caravan. 
 
 Aisa, and Atsatu, pr. n., of a female. 
 
 Aiya, pi. aiyoyi, n., verse. A hai na goma a alya ta goma sa 
 
 hiu, in the tenth chapter, in the thirteenth verse. 
 Ajdse for adzdse, n., the name in Yoruba for Badagry ; town 
 
 or district. AjdSe kusa da Idkin kOgi, Ajashe is near the 
 
 mouth or shore of the sea. 
 Alca, prefix, add aJcane akace, thus it was said ; nan ne aka- 
 
 saisemUf there it was that we were sold. Akayi sekdra 
 
 hial ydra sunfdra tafia. 
 A/cd = akai, on the head ; futawan jdki da kdyankdfthe donkey ^s 
 
 rest is with the load on his hack, i.e. little or no rest at 
 
 all. 
 Akala, n., a cord or rope for tying oxen. 
 Akdra, n., bread, in Nupe. 
 Akdrikace, m., akdrikdcia, f. (pi. akdrikdtu), broken, braised, 
 
 injured ; as, yasosinsa hiu akdge ko akdrikace, two of his 
 
 fingers were bruised. 
 Akdivel, m., akdwela, f., a black horse, 
 Akdza, n., red and whitish ass. 
 Akekakdse, it was dried up, dry. Ni ban so ha ci hakd gi/rdsa 
 
 nan, akekakdse da tauri, I did not like to eat that black 
 
 bread, it was dry and hard. 
 Akiddya, as, ha akiddya, without number, innumerable. 
 Akoko, grey baft, or some article of trade brought from Tara- 
 
 bulas. 
 Akoro, n., a town in Kadara, south of Kaduna. 
 Akosa, he is, or will be, satisfied. 
 Akpdti, n., case of barasa, i.e. spirituous liquors. 
 Akras, n., yi akras, to file. 
 
 Akwgra, n., the name of a tree ; also alidra, mahogany tree. 
 Aldda, n,, habit, custom, manner. 
 Aladi, n., black oil. 
 
 Aldfa, a disease attacking horses just above the hoof. 
 Alal^ n., aloe. 
 
(■ 5 ) 
 
 Aldla, n., ziicidla tana alula, my heart panteth. Na yi alula 
 don huskurdna. Na aldla, ha ni iija magdna. 
 
 Alalafa, n., a martingale, 
 
 Aldma, n., a sign (?). 
 
 Aldrnari (pi. alamdrdi), b., hnsmess, transaction, cause ; ald- 
 mari kdraml, little matter; ahhnariii dilnia, affairs of tills 
 world ; result, issue, purpose ; prosperity (?), success. Ya 
 daidaita aldmarlnsa da seria, he settled his affairs in 
 court. 
 
 AlartidH, pr. n., of a female. 
 
 Alantika, or T)ucin Alantika, Mount Alantika. Br. 
 
 Alazihi, as yi alazihi=yi mamdki, show signs, do wonders; 
 n.j sign, miracle, wonder. 
 
 Albdda (pi. alhadgdi), n., seam. 
 
 Albdsa, n., onion, has as many plurals as can be formed ; as, 
 albasosi, albasdi, albasu, albasdye, albasuna, albaSi, alba- 
 sdSe, Add, Don ni da kaina na sdfe albdsa na tdji ydwo 
 da dere, na zi maci~i mia yin fuci cikin cidwa sdbada 
 albdsa ya ji. 
 
 Albdsan kwadi (pi. albacobi kwadi), n., lilies. John. 
 
 Albisir, n., good news. 
 
 AlbiHri, n., favour, forbearance, excuse ; as, albibinnka, by 
 thy favour, &c. 
 
 Aleiadl, n., palm-nut oil, or oil of any kind. 
 
 Alelya, n., a large tree, the bark of which is used for poisoning 
 fish. 
 
 AleSdJi, m., aleidfa, f., white horse. 
 
 Alfdii and alfin, adj., two thousand. 
 
 Alfdrwa, a tent of skins or leather, 
 
 Alfam ko magdna alfdsa, to use indecent language. 
 
 AlfdHa, n., bad language, blasphemy. {Kurudma ta clka na 
 faldsan masugilri, dareni na mdsualfirma.) MdsualfirmOy 
 &c., &c. 
 
 Alfir da ydya, 2000 and odd cowries. 
 
 Alfotia, n. Mdllami ya yi alfotia, the priest performed the 
 
( ) 
 
 funeral service. In Bornu it is thanksgiving", blessing — 
 alfotia yonyln, with a note of interrogation, showing that 
 it may have other meanings. 
 
 Alff/ta, (pi. alfutdi and alfutdna), head-tie with a pocket in it ; 
 a handkerchief. 
 
 AlgdJjci (pi. algahohi),-D., seam, 
 
 Algadoriga (pi. cdgaderiyai), n., hand or pocket pistol. 
 
 Algardra and algurdra, n., a bag of cumel's-bair, for loads 
 ^=gurdra. 
 
 Algarib and algarihi, n., cress-seeds glued by a gummy sub- 
 stance, used as a medicine. 
 
 AlgaH, n., green velvet ; baize. 
 
 Algidere (pi. aigiderai), n., a pan with a handle, like a brass 
 stewiug-pan. 
 
 AIgo6 and algus, n., alloy ; sindria sdfi ha ^i da algoS, pure 
 gold has no alloy. Nuno Sina da alijoL Deceit, 
 forgery. Lehohi algusu, feigned lips. Algus, guile ; 
 hdlece algus, without guile. 
 
 Algringuma, n., an old woman wandering from house to house 
 for gossip. 
 
 Alhdhi, add : iaddha dauki alhdhina. Ɗa kai da i•^ di'iJia su 
 dauki alhdkin Alia. 
 
 Alhdmis, n., Thursday. 
 
 Alhandu tillahi, God be thanked ! 
 
 Alhassam, pr. n. m. 
 
 Alheri, add: doii ka sdmu alherlnsa. Alhcri ! alheri ! a salu- 
 tation to bees passing over one's head, and regarded as a 
 favourable omen ; present, gift ; act of kindness, charity. 
 
 Alhudahuda, n., the Arabic name for a species of lapwing. 
 
 All, Art and Aliija, pr. n. m. 
 
 Alii/; — Dakidnsa da bisa rdkumi kamdti alib. la kuwo ydki 
 ddwdki alib H kwdce Fuldni. 
 
 Alibra, i. q. alfira, needle. 
 
 Alif, n., thousand. Ya tambdijcki sail allf goma ? Did ho ask 
 thee ten thousand times ? 
 
( 7 ) 
 
 Allsa, n., evening ; tiion alisa, evening meal, supper. 
 
 Aliijdfu, n., wliite shawl with red borders. 
 
 Alkdlami na karife, n., a steel-pen. 
 
 Alkdiial'i, n., covenant, agreement, promise. Ka yi alkduali da 
 
 ni la koma ggbe. 
 Alkawal, n., black horse or mare = (wVV?to, m., cueruwa, f. 
 Alki'ha, n., mantle, cloak. 
 Alkordna and alkonlni, n., the Koran. 
 Alkvli, n., small scoop for taking up, or tasting, salt from the 
 
 lump. 
 Alkumdli, n., i.q. can zdki, a red lion. 
 Alia, n., God. Alia si ke da yi, God is possessed of power ; 
 
 Allahu akbar, the great God. Xaddn suna cnva Allahu 
 
 akbar, ka ji muridnsii kamdn arddii. Alia tadla, God is 
 
 the exalted, the most high. 
 Allamasi, pr. n. f. 
 Alia ivade, n., imprecation ; as. May God curse you ! Alia 
 
 xcade ha ta komi da hiri, the alia wade does not effect the 
 
 monkey at all. Alia wade zdma da mdrasu-dyo. Alia 
 
 u-adin rdiin lyo rua! What a misfortune it is not to 
 
 be able to swim ! Alia wade en baitta, Cursed of God be 
 
 Slavery ! 
 Allimatu, pr. n. f. 
 Almdlali, n., buttress, 
 
 Almandni, n., lintel or beam over the door. 
 Almdrahdtim dunid ; almdra mutanen dauri, sayings, parables, 
 
 traditions, &c. 
 Almdzerci, n., scholarship. 
 Almdziri na aiki, n., an apprentice. 
 AlTnoza, n., a small knife. 
 Aloha, n., pestilence, any serious illness, 
 Alal, n., aloes. 
 Aluma, n., ydydn alvina, da ydydn sdrdki. Suka wiue 
 
 alvma zila ga alf-via, they went about from nation to 
 
 nation (Ps. cv. 13). 
 
( 8 ) 
 
 Alwdlla, ahin nlwciUa, ko talun ahudlla, n., pot for ablution 
 
 before prayer, 
 AJwdsi (pi. ahvasoyi), n., vow, promise. 
 AhvaUka, n., the folding of a letter or paper. 
 A Ua, n., yoke, iron-work on the head of a camel ; also ahd^i. 
 AUifu (pi. aUifdye), n., pocket. The space above collar-bone. 
 
 Prov. Ahin cikiti aUtfu maldkan mairigane, lilgan 
 
 Aghal'iia da ^ufa amd alzifmisa sdbo, a Hausa man's coat 
 
 may be old, but its pockets are always new. 
 AUlma, n., Friday. Yau alzlma ya miitu, ha Si da alhdki. 
 Ama, n., zeal. 
 
 Amale^i, the same as mdkonkosi, n., a large hammer. 
 Amdli, n., the male camel in his season. Amdli rakumi wond.a 
 
 ya tdsi Sina hdrhara bina nema H hail tdgwai. 
 Amdna, n., submission. 
 Amdria, n., a bride ; lawful wife, of which a Mahomedan may 
 
 have four ; one lawfully married. 
 Amdssann, n., pain in the bones, rheumatism. 
 Amhatoni, I was mentioned. 
 Amhaci, tr. v., to make known, to tell. Ni amhaci JRahah da 
 
 Babylon. 
 Amhiide, to be opened, exposed, discovered. 
 Ameme, n., a mat made of pith of wine-palm. 
 Amen', n., commandment, M amerlnsa da wuya. 
 Amina, n., a hyena. 
 Aminci, n., friendship, faithfulness, safety; ya kaisu da aminci, 
 
 he led them safely, or with safety. 
 Amintdc% m,, amintdta, f. (pi. amintdtu), the faithful. Ahi'thua 
 
 amlntdtu su zdma ^drka. Idanu suna hisa amintdtu na 
 
 kdsa. 
 Amintdci, n., a faithful person. 
 Amirii, n., a prince, Amirun Nupe, 
 Amlya, n., a bee-hive, the same as hiUumi. 
 Amon kuge, n., sound of the bell. 
 Amsa; — ya dmsa uviorni, he obeys orders (?). 
 
( 9 ) 
 
 An, in and en, conj., if, wlietlier. Ya tdmhdya en su Fu- 
 Idni ne ? 
 
 An, verbal prefix. Additional examples : anaih'su, thej were 
 sent ; antdrasii ga midancusu, they were gathered to 
 their people. 
 
 An, before g and k: afigdma, to be joined; anJcdwoni, I was 
 brought; anlcdmata, she was caught; anfddd mdni, 1 
 was told ; ansuhesu, thej were pierced. 
 
 Ana, verbal prefix, forming the passive of the present tense ; 
 a'', anahdda, it is given, or anabddani, nuiu gab W\\X. Ana- 
 sdyensa da kurdi, it is bought for money. Anakirdnsu, 
 they are called Jews. Anayi mdni la'ifi. Ana, there is, or 
 was. Andikesu, contr. form anaaihesu. Anafgroroa h6%oce 
 sdfia, being chastened every morning. Anagidra cihin 
 kdrifin Jairucidnsu, grown up in the strength of their youth. 
 
 Andko, n., hare, larger than kiydka, and sleeps with its eyes 
 open. 
 
 Anasdra, n., Christians. Ba miitdne day diva ha mukaji suna 
 yin magdnan Anasdra, sai daia daga cihin Timbuktu ; ya 
 ce si kdraml ne tunda ya tdfi ga wosen Anasdra sina yin 
 magdndnsu dafdri, ama ydnzu ya mdnce. 
 
 Anduwa, n., little girl, by Krause ; also chief, by John. 
 
 Ancmi, what is sought or looked for. Anemi zhii ga fdra ? 
 
 Angaihdki yoji, n., the name given to the Arabic letter c. 
 
 Aiigardmnia, n., large mare. 
 
 Afigo, n., bridegroom. Aiigo mizin amdria. 
 
 Ania, add, to endeavour, to use exertion. Ka yi ama, ka tdfi 
 hirni, ka sdye abin da mu ke so, ka kgmo. Also anhja, n., 
 haste. Ddmre or yi ddmre aniya, to tie a load, to prepare, 
 or make ready, to start. Ɗoh anlan giddnka ta jinyeni, 
 the zeal of thine house has eaten me up. Ba ta anlan 
 hla, she had no intention, or made no effort to pay. 
 
 Anka, verbal prefix forming the passive of the past tense ; as, 
 ankasdyesu, they were, or had been, sold ; ankakirdwosu 
 they had been called. Ɓdyi da ankasdyesu zia sun gudu 
 
 C 
 
( 10 ) 
 
 ydo. Ycira ankdkirdwosu stiha tdfo; cima ha su yi ha 
 ahin da alcafdda musu, sai suna gdni ydra, Icamdnsu, suna 
 yin worXgi kud har rdna zdta fddua, suka ddwoya gidd. 
 Ankace, it has been, or, having been said. Ahkdlaka, 
 slain, destroyed. Ankdska, bowed down. 
 Aiikamesu dagd hdnudnka, they are cut off from thy hand. 
 Ankiddya ni, I am counted ; kamd woddnda sun sdhka ga rami. 
 
 (Ps. Ixxxviii. 3). 
 Andha, n., pestilence; maianoha, pestilent fellow. 
 Ansa, tr. v., to depart, proceed from. 
 Ansufara, adj., hired. 
 Amima and eansima, adv., by-and-by, afterwards, in the 
 
 meantime, meanwhile. 
 Ance da sdriki Guari, " Salaon aleku, ya ce, kdka acewa da 
 
 Hausa ? " 
 Anuri, n., glory, honour, 
 
 Anydse, they were, aydsesu they are, scattered. 
 Apki, da apki, of profit ; da, to have advantage. Ai giiro ha si 
 
 da apki. 
 Ara, to borrow, en na sdmu ara sai en ara, if I can get a loan, 
 
 I am sure to borrow. 
 Ard (pi. arnpyi, aroiya and aroiyi), a small cake of bean 
 
 flower. 
 Ard ard, in the sentence : Ɓa Jca ji arace ard ara, maiwuyan khco 
 ha ? Hast thou not heard it said, Ard ard, Which is 
 difficult to feed ? 
 Aranfdke, adv., suddenly. 
 
 -4ra.9a, adj., wanting; ha ardsasu ha, they are not wanting. 
 Aral or arataya, appended, suspended. 
 Arene, m., arena, f. (pi. arenu), despised, neglected. 
 Aria, i. q. Awa and Hawa, n.. Eve. 
 Arna, an expression used by Fulani of all nations that have 
 
 not embraced Mahomedanism ; heathen, pagan. 
 Aroiya. See Ara. 
 Arrajia and arrajinci, n., superfineuess, fine quality. 
 
( 11 ) 
 
 Arred and vulrhi, n., a species of acacia. Br. 
 
 Arso, n., a tree fruit, size of a largo lime, edible. 
 
 Artai, n., flogging, beatiug, driviug; discomfiture, defeat. 
 
 Sun sd artai. 
 Arumdta, n., trousers made straight without cutting. 
 Arunfdke, adv., suddenly. 
 Arwa, n., heathen rites ; divination. 
 Arwalla, washing, before prayer. 
 Aritiva, add, after suitable, arwdnci ; yi arwanci. 
 Arze, and arza, (pi. arzandi), n., lender. 
 Arziki, n., riches. Ldfia, zlhi arzihi ne. Ba da ivdndo ya tdn 
 
 Jcankdnta arziJcin walki, n. pr. of a woman. 
 Arzimiki = Korbo, n,, worms in horses. 
 Arzita, to send (?); or, to lend (?). 
 Arsdberi or arsiheri, n., a mat made of twigs of iwa. 
 Asaiwa, adj., rooted. 
 Asdlo, n., a round mat. 
 Asaloti, n., prayer. Salati, v., to pray to. Maisalati gundhi= 
 
 gunandhi Muhamadu. 
 Asalwi, pi. asalwdi and asalwuna ; a rope or halter for leading 
 
 a horse. 
 AsandSesi, is not " it shall be made known,'' but it is made 
 
 known ; we should expect zdasdnaSesi, the caus. form pass. 
 
 of sdni. 
 Asdra, add : misfortune, calamity, misfortune by accident ; 
 
 loss, want. 
 Asa kai ! exclamation, never ! No ! 
 Asdre, adj., swept. 
 
 Asauma, n., salt used in dyeing for fixing the colour. 
 Ase, conj., but, only, except. Ɓai ga kOwa, ase dian Sdrki ta 
 
 ganesi, He saw no one but the king's daughter, (she only) 
 
 saw him. Verily, in fact ; it is true, &c. Ase ^drewa si ke 
 
 en tdsi, don si yi sdta. 
 Asu, n., moth; a small black hairy caterpillar, the larva of 
 
 which destroys woollen cloth, feathers, &c. 
 
( 12 ) 
 
 Asuhandgarl, n., salutation'm the morning. Mun tCisi da dsnha 
 
 mu gdni fatcin wdsa, we rose early to see the sham fight. 
 Aserim, (pi. aserimdi,) n.^salt in round pieces, or rounded lumps. 
 Asliix, n., razor. Ka dske inidni gdnin hdlci. 
 Aaka wasdiia, n., sharp razor. Asha iri iri ce, the tribal mark 
 
 made on the face of persons. 
 AsJcunia, (pi. askundi,) n., an_y thing, as grass, reeds, for shutting 
 
 a door. 
 Asna, m., asniya, f., pi. and and asnanni and anniy a, f., pi. a7inl, 
 
 heathen; population of villages. Also, asnanci and annanci. 
 Asiberi (?) ase ka komo ? Art thou already returned ? 
 Asiere ddidai, placed properly in a line. Kusierai da ydwa 
 
 dagd cikin gidd asiere daidai. 
 AHri, number 20. Yau aHri da hiii wdta, to-day is the 22nd 
 
 of the month. 
 Asirye, azirye, to be ready, at hand. 
 Atdke, suddenly; i. q. afdke. 
 Atdlasi, n,, red or crimson satin. 
 Ataslri, i.q. maiarziki, a wealthy or prosperous man, chiefly 
 
 referring to merchants. 
 Ateni or atenni, also liteni, n., Monday. 
 
 Atini or atuni, n., dysentery; or giidnn ddwa. Bloody flux. 
 AtUa, add, kaddn na yi atlSa, nl kan tdda kilra dagd kdxa. 
 Atsa or aca, n., some kind of small grain, which is boiled likeri^ e. 
 Atsdiva, intr. v., to sneeze, sneezing. 
 Attahll), n., physician. 
 Attdgara, n., the country of Igara. Sdrikin attdgara, the Atta, 
 
 that is, the King of Igara. 
 ^MdM,n., cotton. Kandwasunaccwa audit, dmamu Sokocewamiina 
 
 cewa ahdii ; da mu muna cetva abduga, su suna cf'iva audiiga. 
 Augi, n., the name of a horse-market. 
 Augi and Mera, the chief towns of the province of Kebbi. 
 Awaza, n., breast of an animal. 
 
 Awortdki, auordegi, hawardegi, and hanzaki, n., tongs; the 
 handle of, hdau auordegi. Kr. 
 
( 13 ) 
 
 Aurdlci, n., a wliitish ass. 
 
 Aure, i.q. dmre, n., marriage. 
 
 Auwdlli, miawdlli or miawwdlli, n., an upright person. 
 
 Auta, pr. n. f. 
 
 AuwOy n., measuring corn, tr. v., to measure. Miaiiwo, pi. 
 
 masuauico, and maaiuii m.., niaauniyu t., pi. masuaunia, 
 
 one who measures, a measurer. 
 Au'a= Haiva, pr. n.. Eve. 
 
 Awdze, to be scattered. Haka mu diika mu he awdze. 
 Awo, to weigh, to measure ; to try, to test. 
 Jwuna, n., measure; Aiv/ma ta alkdma. Abln dwuna, also 
 
 dwna and duna, to measure, to divide, to weigh; to try, 
 
 to test. Ba ha awnani ha gani ? 
 yiya, n., a kind of small ground nut. Aya ivoni abu hdraml ne 
 
 da dddin ci, Sina Jita dagd cihin hdsa. Prov. Ahdn dd£a 
 
 dya sdi suya ? 
 Aya, n., the three points ^^ denoting the end of a verse or 
 
 line in Arabic. 
 Ayd, interjection. Up, let us go ! Ayd mu tdfi, or we will, can, 
 
 must, go. 
 Aya, pi. ayoyi, n., sign or wonder. Stin sd ayoymsu hamd 
 
 ayoyi, they have set up their ensigns as signs. 
 Ayu, n., sea-cow. Br. 
 Azaba, yi, in the sentence : Ni yi azaba ga woddnda suha hist, 
 
 I will cause trouble to those that hated him. 
 Azdrfa, the same as azurufa, n., silver. Duson ho hazin azdrfa, 
 
 dross of silver. 
 Azalid or azaliar, n., noonday. 
 Azafar, n., the time about 2 p.m. 
 Azdli, i.q. mutud, fate ; destiny, lot, decree. 
 Azdlumi, pi. azalumdi n., a deceiver, destroyer, tyrant, 
 
 murderer. 
 Azdmne, seated. Ya tarda almdsirdinsa azdmne. 
 Azanci, the same as dubdra,T\., plan, art, contrivance, invention. 
 Azian zucid, n., sadness, distress of mind, sighing. 
 
( 14 ) 
 
 Azir or a^ir, to hide, put out of sight ; a corner. 
 
 Azirta a^i'rta, to enrich, make plentiful, tr. v. with nstri, secret. 
 
 Azni, pi. dzna=asni, n., heathen, pagan. Prov. Clnthi azni 
 
 noma. 
 Azumi, n., fasting, humiliation. Mugum hdici na ddhin dunia 
 
 nan duka na tdro da cizumi. Azumi dan wahdlla ne ? 
 
 Azilmi dan dddi ne ? 
 Aze^=adze-=aje, tr. v., to lay, to put aside. Mallami ya dze 
 
 alkordni ; to apply oneself to something. Kaddn na dze 
 
 hdnlcalina Lisa garesn [kardta da ruhuta) nl sdni duka. 
 
 Andzie=anadzie (contraction). Kardi da wd ? with whom 
 
 is the money deposited ? 
 Azelina, n., my time, age, affairs. Azclina sina a hdnunlca, My 
 
 time is in thy hand. The same as azali. 
 AzikumaVj n., some instrument or tool used in making cheese. 
 
 B. 
 
 Jjd, nominal prefix, indicating the country to which one 
 
 belongs. Add, Bd fuldce, a Fulde ; Bd soJc6ce,a, native of 
 
 Sokotu. 
 Bd and hdi, add en ya girima ahdi Mdllami, ya yi kardtii. 
 Bd, tr. v., to give, to cause. Ban hausi, to cause provocation. 
 Bd, pi. bdwa and hdwayi, n., rind, bark of a tree ; but bdwa 
 
 occurs also as singular. 
 Bda, V. tr., to deride one, to laugh at, to scoff ; sina yi mdsu 
 
 hda, to chafe ; as, gdshia ne Benu ya hdasi ? cewa, ni he, 
 
 sina yi hda. > 
 
 Badri, pi. Arewawa, n.. Northerner. 
 Babd, n., both m. and f., chief over. Ama uhdiigizina sina da 
 
 wota haitca, sundnta sddaha, ita ce hahd hisa ga hdyi mdta 
 
 duha, dma mdce mugu ita ta ke. 
 Bahd, m., hdhia, pi. irregular ; mdya and mainya, large, great. 
 
 Nagerta hdhia, great kindness. 
 Bdha and bdbani, pi. hdban'i, n., father's brother or sister, elder 
 
 or younger. 
 
( 15 ) 
 
 Baikal malka, n., first heavy rain in Juno, before goro is full 
 
 grown. 
 Baham hade, n., buffoon^ parasite, mimic. 
 Bahare, n., Bornu person ; also Bahdribdri, m., Bahdra, f., 
 
 pi. Baribdri, Bornu. 
 Bahdn sdta, n., a large kind of bean . 
 Bahhd ice, n., a large tree, used in preparation for several sorts 
 
 of arrow poisons. 
 Bahhdn tdmmu, n., pale green bead. 
 Bahhdn IdJca, n., indigo which is cut with dawa, that is ripe at 
 
 the same time when dawa is cut. 
 Bdbumutiia and hdhumutiid, without death, immortal; as a 
 
 noun, immortality. 
 Bdbutausdyi, uncharitable, pitiless, merciless. 
 Badagela, n., an ordinary knife. 
 Baddnda ta amri Bahause ta ce ya, fl hdbu, the lady Ba- 
 
 danda being married to a Hatisa, said it is better than 
 
 none at all, 
 Bdduha, n., one that works in leather, a shoemaker. Yahirdwo 
 
 ivoni mutum, bddiika si yi intind tdkalmi. 
 Bae, and kobae (?). Kr. 
 Bdfddi (pi. baiitdwa), n., king's minister. Prov., At ba ayi 
 
 mfigu sdrilii, sdi miigu bdfddi. 
 Bdgdbase, (pi. bdgdbasawa) , n.. Easterner, native of the East. 
 Bagdngari, n., the name of a village in the Hausa country. 
 Bagdrua, n., add : ddha bagdrua, to beat bark (6a), to make 
 
 tanner's bark. It may be the oak-tree. 
 Bd gdskia, to believe. 
 Bdngdskia, n., faith, confidence. Bdhgdskia, and maihdngdskia 
 
 (pi. mdsubdfigdskia) , one who believes, is believing. 
 Bagoberi, m., Bagobira f., pi. Goberdiva, a native of Gobir. 
 Bdgwa, n., a porcupine. 
 
 Bagwozake, n., a tree, the root of which is used for killing fish. 
 Balidga, n., a left-handed person . 
 Bahar alamar, n., the Ked Sea. 
 
( 16 ) 
 
 Ɓahar almuhil, n.', the Ocean. 
 
 Bahar ilmal, n., the Mediterranoan Sea. 
 
 Ɓdi, neg. adv. = hdya, not he, he not. 
 
 Bdi, adv., after ; Bdi stands for hdsi, after it. Bdi [si) scJcdra 
 
 hiu ho uhu en Mmo, Haji Mamu, hahacina. 
 Baia, n., palm-wine. 
 
 Baihdi, adv., backwards. Sun tdfi baihdi, they walked Lack- 
 wards. 
 Baihai, (pi. hauhdtva, and haibdyi, mutdne haibdyi, a person 
 
 speaking a strange language, Sdi haiihdwa hai (basn) 
 
 sun yi magctna Hausa Jco magdna nan Hm'isa. Baibdyi 
 
 suha nunamu alheri, the barbarous people showed us 
 
 kindness. 
 Baihai, n., tying a man's hand behind. 
 Baitil miikadas, n., the walls of Jerusalem. 
 Baitilniukasi, Jerusalem. 
 Baiwa, n., a female slave that has become the wife of her 
 
 master. 
 Bdiwa, one that gives presents. Sdrat/nia maihaiwa ho mai- 
 
 rovoa ? A liberal or a stingy queen ? 
 Baiwdn Alia ?ie,it is the gift, dispensation, visitation, institution 
 
 of God. 
 Baizuwa, tr. v., to grant, to allow. 
 Bdka, n., a bow ; kdrie'mbdka, a broken bow. Bdhavi bindiga, 
 
 spring of a gun. 
 Bdka, n., a load; bdkan glSlri, a load of salt. 
 Bdkangizi, n., rainbow. 
 Bakdke, m., bakdka, f., pi. bakdku, black, blackened ; a black 
 
 person. Dla bakdka, black seeds in the gonda; bdka 
 
 magdna, bitter words. 
 Bdka tara, n., judge. The explanation: alkarli gandii, seem 
 
 to refer to an office or officer connected with the Custom's 
 
 duties. 
 Bakacine, n. (?), Anzdna Bokacine gabd da H banda Larabawa, 
 
 the Bakacine is reckoned before or after the Arabs (?). 
 
( 17 ) 
 
 Bakardria, \\., barren woman. 
 
 Ɓaki (pi. hakuna, and hdkakuna and bakokina), n., mouth. 
 
 Bdklnsa ya fl kpwa da ydwan magdna. The opening for 
 
 the door. Tana zamne a. l/dkin kofan Umu : bakin rami 
 
 •J.J , 
 
 the mouth of a hole. 
 Ɓdki data, adv., at once, altogether ; yi bdki data, or gdma - 
 
 bdki data, to plot together, to conspire, to agree. 
 Bdki (pi. bdbaku), n., letter of the Alphabet ; bdki letdfi, 
 
 bdki tdlatin biu bcibu H ke, the letters of the Alphabet 
 
 are 28. (Consonants, John.) 
 Bdkinciki, n., grief, sorrow, distress, sadness ; literally, black 
 
 inside. Yi bdkinciki, to grieve, feel sad, disappointed ; to 
 
 cause sadness, disappointment. Baikie writes bakyin'ciki ; 
 
 as, 6a%msmi,n., badness of heart, evil disposition ; malice. 
 Bdkikdrfe, n., iron. 
 Bdkintdka, n., blackness. 
 Bakinzdki, n., a cap of green cloth. 
 Bdkinzucid, n., displeasure. 
 Bakkazumalla, n., a musquito ; i. q., zabru. 
 Bdko, m., n., bakud, f. (pi. bdkiam bahma), stranger ; sojourner, 
 
 guest at a place for a short or uncertain time. Ka yi bako 
 
 mainauyi, you entertain a distinguished guest. 
 Bdkoutdka, n., banquet, feast, entertainment given to strangers. 
 Bdkude, Bo Kiule (pi. Kuddiua), n.. Southerner. 
 Bdlaga, intr. v., to arrive at, to attain to, to be of age. 
 Bala gage, m., balagdgia, f. {p\.,baldggii), one who has reached 
 
 the age of puberty, man or animal. Lokacin balagdge. 
 
 BudurUa baldgia (or balajdga ta issa dmre. Ba ydro 
 
 kdnkane ba, ya bdlaga. 
 Balaiii, and baldi, n , wrath, anger, trouble. 
 Baldnce and balantdna, adv., much more, much less, not to say. 
 
 iV^ da kaina ina da abinci baldntana kdza ? " I myself had 
 
 nothing to eat, let alone a fowl; i.e., how much less is it 
 
 likely that I should have had anything to give to a fowl ? " 
 Balagdnde and bulangdnde, adj., yellow. 
 
 D 
 
( IS ) 
 
 Balhado, intr. v., to bubble, to gush out as water. Eua sina 
 
 halbadowa ga rai na dhadd. 
 ƁaU or ha^e, conj.j except that, unless. Excl., fortunately, 
 
 luckily. B(l ni del gani bare anjl ahin da zdsu yi niasu. 
 Ɓalkgre, pr. ii., the name of the commander of the Hausa 
 troops fighting to recover Kacina from tbe Fiilani. John. 
 Bali=hari, tr. v., to dry. Mu hali cihin rdna, we dry them in 
 
 the sun. 
 Baluh, n., oak. 
 
 Ba7ndgiize=^maguze, n., birdcatcher. 
 Bamdgnzia, f. (pi. maguzdwo, n.), heathen. 
 Bamdnci, n., sport, trick. 
 
 Bdmhana, n., the flowering head of the kacalla, an aquatic plant. 
 Bdmhu, n., putting a child on the hn,ck= hoi i/ a. Mi or ma 
 
 ihdmhu, the person doing it. 
 Bdmda, add hdmda kai na zin ^Oro Jcowa. Bdmda wunda hdbu 
 
 hpmi da hdrijl. 
 Bdmia, the same as hiibewa, but different from Jcabewa. 
 Bamota (pi. bamOtii), n., butterfly; that is, the flutterer. 
 Bamurna, pr. n., the name of a fertile valley near Wurno. 
 Ban, neg. adv. implying the pron. of the 1st per. sing., I not, not I . 
 Bdna or banna, n., this year. 
 Ban alia, n., an alligator. 
 Bahgahanga, n., the name of a severe famine. 
 Bdnan^e, n., Scherz, sport, jest, mocking. 
 Bdngo, n., wall made of clay. 
 
 Bdfigo, n., the chief constable, who can apply fetters. 
 BanJcdre, tr. v., rolling away, as a stone. 
 
 Banna, in the phrase AVt gdni hdnna v.l ga baddl, the name 
 
 given to the velvet ant ; literally, I have seen last year, I 
 
 shall see next year — so called for its being destroyed with 
 
 great difficulty. 
 
 Ba Nafi, m., ha Nil fa, f. (pi. nnfawa and mqicwa), man or woman 
 
 of the Nupe nation. 
 Bard: ija hubnfa ; ya gdniu bard; ya fita ; ambdsi gdshia, 
 
( 10 ) 
 
 he is acquitted, justified. John. Coinparc bararn 
 liberated ; which is the same with hen'ro, hcrcra, hereru. 
 
 Ɓaralcalla = alhan du tillahi, God be thanked ! thanks to God ! 
 
 Bdramtane, n., a trunk which is divided into two largo 
 branches. 
 
 Bardinze, u., large scaled fish, lead coloured. 
 
 Bardnia, f. (pi. harenya and harOnijci), female servant. 
 
 Barantdha, n., service, servitude ; yi haranidka, to do service. 
 
 Bardre, hardria (pi. lardru), freed, liberated; left to oneself. 
 
 Bardta, n., integrity, innocency. 
 
 Bdrhara, n., denoting the sound of the he-goat, male camel and 
 other animals in their season. I have also heard it pro- 
 nounced bulhula. Prov., Ya zc gar in bdrhara, ya homa 
 
 da cihi. 
 Bardinuwa, n., a grey locust which flies about at night. 
 
 Bare, excl., fortunately, luckily. 
 
 Bare, n., stranger — ga ydhuwdna. 
 
 Alia bare, strange gods. 
 
 Bdrenya, n., handmaid. 
 
 Barfo, n., some kind of sword. 
 
 Barimdce, n., untimely birth, abortion. 
 
 Bdrka, n., salutation. BdrTca ga wimi = zdna, to congratulate. 
 
 3Iun zo garin bdrka. 
 Barkdtai, confused. Sina magdiia barkdtai. 
 Barmits and barmui or barmusi, n., box, as generally used to 
 
 denote a short one. 
 Barso, n., marrow. 
 
 Bdrua (pi. barurud), n., servant, staff of servants; :Diencr[d)aft. 
 Bdrzi, n., a small hill. 
 Basardke, n., royal persons, chiefs. 
 Basul, n., consumption ; piles (?) . 
 BdH, n., debt. Da saurdn bdnnsa da nl ke da si ni biaSi, and 
 
 the rest of the sum I owe him, I shall pay him. 
 Bdta, n., box. 8un kdivo babdn bdta da kyaftwa hiu, 
 Bata augi, n., luciier-match ; little pocket. 
 Batdnia, n., bile, gall. 
 
( 20 ) 
 
 Ɓdhi, n., talk, story, tale. Umdra hdtun niutdnc dauri, the 
 
 sayings, traditions &c. of old. 
 Bdhinda, n., conversation, narrative. 
 Bace, to abuse. Ahaciini da dere, ahaceni da rdna, I was 
 
 abused by night and by day. Anambaceni, I am mentioned. 
 ƁadSwa or ha^a, running over of fluids or grain. 
 Ɓa\^ace, hapHa (pi. hapitu), over-filled, running over. 
 Bauda, intr. v., to deviate, depart from the straight course. 
 Baima, n., buffalo. 
 Bause, to haggle, Maihaim ho mai ahin sdi/<kva, one who is 
 
 selling something. 
 Bause or hauci (pi. tawsoVi' and hausgka), n., a tree with pale- 
 green leaves ; wood very hard. 
 Bauta, tr, v., to serve. Mu hauta mdsa, slavery. Ka yani 
 
 ydnzu mu mja cikin hauta. 
 Bauci, n., bondage, slavery. 
 Bauya, or dawuya, p., female slave. 
 Bdwdn Alia, n., a saint. Si bdwa ho ha hdwa ? Si hdwa ne, 
 
 ama uhangizinsa ya herH hamdn dd. Ina so hdyimu diiha 
 
 ahersu sit tdfi. 
 Bawdnci, n., slavery, bondage, 
 Bawataci, a Fula man. 
 Bdya, n., back ; prep, and adv., after, afterwards. Bdya </a 
 
 cin tHo. Mnha side hdya daga hdydn rdhutm. Sulai blmu 
 
 ga hdya hdmdn ivUzia. 
 Baydmace (pi. Yawdtawa) , Westerner, nations of the West. 
 Bdijan hdnH, n., arm from the wrist to the knuckle. 
 Baijena, tr. v., to exhibit, to manifest, to make known; to 
 
 appear; to publish. Alia ya hayena ydro, hdwdn Alia. 
 Bdyes, add : Mi zdsi hdyes, mi zdsi hdra bdyes gave ha ? What 
 
 shall be given? or. What more shall be given to thoe? 
 
 Ya hdyesa ahinci. 
 Baza, n., a leather string with a tassel ; string with cowries. 
 Bdzara, n., summer. Damsiua ya zdma fdrim hdzara, my 
 
 moisture is turned into the drought of summer. 
 
( 21 ) 
 
 Baza, to spread ; hdzu, spread out ; become spread, as a bush 
 
 spread with branches, or a heap of corn being spread 
 
 out. 
 Ɓazdld, n., red or reddish bean = C(S?'my(7. 
 Bdze, tr. v., to level, spread out ; to level with the ground. 
 Bazere, n., a herb the root of which is esteemed a charm for 
 
 catching slaves. 
 Behe, m., hehiya, f . (pi. behdye) , a person deaf and dumb. 
 Bedde, n., next year. 
 
 Begc, intr. to pant, to thirst, to long for^ lougiug. 
 Bence, pr. n. of a male. 
 Bera, n., rat, mouse. 
 
 Bentan, n., name of a tree sacred to pagans. 
 Benvive, or Binuwe, or Binnwi, the river Benuwe. The word 
 
 belongs to the Balla language, where water is called hee 
 
 or he, but in kindred dialects it is called hi ; nuv)e means 
 
 mother — hence, mother of waters. Br.. 
 Berhaze, n., a fly which infests horses. 
 Bare ace, conj., much less. Bcre ace si hctwa sauna nan si tdha 
 
 itdtua nan da gdtare. Bcre=-hele, conj., except, unless. 
 
 Prov., Ɗama ma ze birni h^re serhi ya aiko ? Much more : 
 
 Koiyayi wdyo here ddncidho, if the egg be cuaniiig, much 
 
 more the chicken. 
 Berewa ddzi, n,, deer, small rodent with white belly, reddish 
 
 back. 
 Berke, v., to tear, to be torn ; zanena ya herhe. ' 
 
 Bcrsvga Alia, pr., name of a woman. 
 Bertsi or herci, add Kufuli fitlla inu yi herci. Put out the lamp, 
 
 let us go to sleep. 
 Beso and huze, n., a drink made of honey and pepper. 
 Bl, add Kadd ahl guzvna, Let not the cause be traced. Bim 
 
 bdsi, to follow one, to go after him for a debt. Ina hinka 
 
 hdsi, kana hina hdsi, I owe thee, thou owest me a debt. 
 
 Wari ha kai hina, I do not owe thee a cowrie. Kanenta 
 
 ya hi hainyanta. Prov., Koria ta hi kyria, en ta hi 
 
( 22 ) 
 
 ahoSi ta kdrie. Bl, to resemble; ta hi uivdntn ; ya In 
 
 uhdnsa. Bi = kat, leading to, to resemble. Si da uwdnsa 
 
 sosdi sum hi. 
 Blahd^i, to pay a debt. Maildmimi ija hiahdsi ga maisdye (■aye 
 
 kin a ? 
 Bide, tr. v., to look for ; ya ce mdnl, hide wansdriii. 
 Bidi, n., round gronnd-nut. 
 Biea, faithful. Kdka hlrni mi liea ta kdma kamdn kdrua. 
 
 (Is. i. 21). Bennot. 
 Bige, prep., at, before. Ku tafi Serid higen sdriki. Place. 
 . Bigere or higeri, n., place to sit down, the same as m((- 
 
 zamni. 
 Biki, n., meal, feast. Ya yi mdsu hiki. 
 Blki, tr., to bear a child; a child, infant ; to be confined. 
 Bindo (pi. hindodi), n., a gun. 
 
 BiohdSi, to collect a debt. Ya aikcni <}m hio hdsi. 
 Birdi, pi. form ; cattle with horns turned forward ; and gelagc, 
 
 with horns turned downwards. 
 Biraima, pr. n. m., Birahna anakirdnka ance ka komo. 
 Birde, n., the chief of scouts. Intr, v., riding without a 
 
 saddle. 
 Birde, hirdo, (pi. hirddi, and hirdde, and hirdze), n., name of a 
 
 bird. 
 Birga, n., stable ; the pole to which the horse is tied. 
 Birgami, n,, some sort of bag. 
 Birgima, add, Alia Si kai dommo ga hardica ko ha Si ci si 
 
 hirgina. 
 Birgizi, n., a man who cuts off thieves' hands ; maiymken 
 
 hdnu. 
 Birgo, n., coarse woollen cloth, 
 Blri (pi. hirdi, hirdye and hiruna), monkey; from hira, to 
 
 jump, jumper, -^m h'tri ya yi ghdua si kan gudu dagd 
 
 gOna. 
 Biriki, n., churning, stirring. 
 Biriiia, n.,. some kind of animal. 
 
( 23 ) 
 
 BirHee, to clianf^e, upset, overthrow. Ydnzii ya yi mani 
 magdna maidddi, ansinia kaddft ya hirkiee duha. 
 
 Birlconci, u., mischief, mischievous disposition. 
 
 Birsu, n., spear used in river fishing. 
 
 Bksint'ma, n., a variety of dawa. 
 
 Birza, i. q. cdga, to grind roughly. 
 
 Bisa, n., top. Add Su dora hisa ga maida ; mnlcn sid(lsa hisa 
 doki. Mi sun ce hisa gareni ? What did they say 
 about me ? 
 
 Bisne. Add iibdna ya kirdivo woni ahokinsa, ya ce mdsa, si gina 
 mdsa kusieya, ahisneta dagd, can. 
 
 Bissa (pi. hisdse). Add ivuiieahu tnavidlci ya gdni da^ si Jce hnvo 
 hisdse ? 
 
 Bisdra, to preach. Nayi hisdran adelci, I have preached 
 righteousness. Good news. 
 
 Bisiya (pi. bisiyoyi), n., a casque worn by lofido ; a hedge- 
 hog. 
 
 Blye, part, of hi, following. 
 
 Blyo, intr., following. Ta rdna ta hlyo, the following or next 
 day. 
 
 Bizdzi, n,, side-plaits of the hair. 
 
 Bize, n.j a market. 
 
 Ɓizzi and hirzi, n., a small hill. 
 
 Bizimi, (pi. hizimdi and mazindi), a bull. 
 
 Bizinita=nasara, n., triumph, victory. 
 
 Boho, n., a species of beetle. 
 
 Bfkla, intr., to low as a cow for a calf. 
 
 Bode si, n., a small feline animal. 
 
 Bodinga, ydma ga Sokotu, a place west of Sokotu. 
 
 Bogohri, the man of Gobir. Taurero ne. 
 
 Bokanci, n., profession of a native doctor. 
 
 Bola, n., a horse with white face. 
 
 Bomhagi, n., a harlot. 
 
 Boiikdmi, n., old and private name for elephant. 
 
 Borkono, n., small pepper ; nickname for a naught}^ boy. 
 
( 24 ) 
 
 ƁOri, n., a person in a state of frenzy. Maihori, one under 
 the ioflucnce of the Bori, a spirit supposed to possess 
 women. 
 
 Ɓoto (pi. hotooi), m., a borer, gimlet. 
 
 B6ye = ghoye, adv., secretly; to hide, to conceal, to feign; 
 hpye hdnu, to feign one's handwriting. 
 
 Bn, n., father. Bumddafa, n.. Cannon father; the name given 
 to the Spanish dollar. The Austrian, Maria Theresa 
 dollar, is called huther, father of the bird. In Hausa, 
 butar, pi. bu^dri^baturi, pi. turdiva, white man: the idea 
 of money, us usual, is connected with white men. Kr. 
 
 Bndya, invincible, indomitable. Taba, buancne ni, na yi en 
 rabu da si ; na hone bdtana, na buaya, taking snuff is a 
 wretched thing ; I did all I could to break myself of it ; 
 I burnt my snuff-box, but was overpowered — did not 
 succeed. 
 
 Bube, n. pr., the same as Abuhakar. 
 
 Bube (pi. bicbobi), n., street, road. 
 
 Bitbvga, intensive form o^biiga, to boat much, or severely. 
 
 Bubruwa, n., a large bee which appears early in the morning. 
 
 Budeci, n., a weasel. 
 
 Budede, m., budcda and budodia f. (pi. budedu), opened. 
 
 Budezi (pi. budozdi), n., a foul-smelling animal, larger than a 
 cat, body dark, white tail. 
 
 Budi (pi. buddi), n., a bed-bug. 
 
 Buduruci, n., virginity. 
 
 Bufulfidci, n., a fan for fanning. 
 
 Bugd. Add ya ^aya sina bugd kura dagd rigasa. Suna bityu 
 babdn kube. 
 
 B'ugege, m., bugegiya, f. (pi. bugegu), beaten. 
 
 Bitgu mai, tr., to chvirn = tungua nono. Bani cin albusa bugii 
 gudd fddua sahavn Sedeku. Kr. 
 
 Baka, n., tent, tabernacle, canopy. 
 
 Bfihiri, n., compasser. 
 
 Buh'ifa, n., feast, festivity. And, " have need of." Bukata, to 
 
( 25 ) 
 
 be iu need ; to desire. Sunn huhUako .sayalJ, tlioy are 
 
 engaged with tlieir own coucerns. Ai duhmoa ne anayi 
 
 hhva ya ce ha ai dill:a ai hukatdnsa ha si hia. 
 Bukl-=takama^Tiumhari, pride (?). 
 Buku, u.f a variety of dawa. 
 ƁHldla, add anyi mnsa huldla. 
 Bulhudi, n., crumbs from the table. 
 Buma, n., red cattle in Kano, 
 Bummi, n., the flower of goro, showing that it is ripening ; of 
 
 ddwa, gero and mniwa ; gero ya yi bummi. 
 Bi'ma, n., a species of ^sh.:=gaiiva. 
 Bunka, n., name of a river or town. 
 Bunu, n., the name of a tribe inhabiting the right bank of the 
 
 Niger at the confluence. 
 B'iaiu, n., pr. of a former king of Gober, who was conquered by 
 
 the Fulani. The saying is that 960 years ago, Bunu, 
 
 sdvikhi Goher ya ci sdnunsu da ydiva, Fnldni ha su ce 
 
 komi ha ; ya komo kumd si ci sdnunsu ; Fulani sun ce : 
 
 ya yi kydu, mu rdma. 
 Bnp ! excl., suddenly, abruptly. Ya tdso mani hup, kamd 
 
 wuta ya huma hHka ! ♦ 
 
 Burankarre, n., a species of toadstool ; fungus. 
 Buram, n., plunge. Danrho huram da ydro. 
 Burhehe, n., the name of a tribe or district near Gumel. 
 Burgawa, stirring up. Part, adj., hnrgdge, m., hurgdga, f., pi. 
 
 hurgogu, stirred up. 
 Burguse, n., lump as of clay. 
 Burka or hurga, tr. to stir. 
 Burma, n,, a large sack made of grass. 
 Burma, to open. Akwia ta hurme ddki da ki ke rvfe, the goad 
 
 has pushed open the house which you closed. Na hurrua 
 
 da gudu, I set oif running. 
 Burtu, n., some kind of bird ; a swan, by Br. 
 Burtutuke, n., the edible frog. 
 Buruntu = kwdce, n., prey. 
 
 E 
 
( 2G ) 
 
 Biirunce, v., to take spoil. San bicrmiceinu, they spoiled our 
 
 goods. 
 Busd, pr. n., a town in Burgu on the Kwora, near the place 
 
 where Mungo Park was drowned. 
 Ɓmsu, tr. v., to bury. Ka busu gawanld. 
 Buse, tr. v., to extinguish, put out, as wfita, fatUa. 
 Bmehuse, n., all sorts of wind instruments, including the flute, 
 
 are called by this name. 
 Butami, n,, beehive ; also called ameya. 
 Buza, n., a drink made of honey and pepper; also called 
 
 bcso. 
 Buzu (pi. buzawe), n., a Mulatto tribe (?), Br. 
 Buzu, n., a slave. Kr,, a dark mixed deer living among 
 
 Abzinawa. 
 Buzuzun Alia, n., a winged insect, only appearing around light 
 
 at night in the rainy season. Dung beetle; lit., biuuzun 
 
 babd, n.j a species of painted bug. 
 
 D. 
 
 Ba, conj., and, with. Da-da, both, and ; da si da ni, both he 
 , and I. 
 
 J)a, v., to have, to possess, to hold, to contain, Halbin hida 
 nan sina da deffi, the sting of that fly contains poison. 
 Kdriji nan da si he da toka, the chaldron which contains the 
 ashes. Siyia da ^awo, it is long, it has length. Sina da 
 rdi, it has, is possessed of, has life, is alive. Gizirin 
 Timbuktu sina da kydo da sdJci, the salt of Timbuktu has 
 fine flavour, is fine, good and savoury. Don si narmzi ne 
 da kdrifi, because he is a man possessed of strength. 
 Sina da navyi, it is heavy. Maida (pi. masuda), n., 
 proprietor, possessor. 
 
 Dd or dda, what is or was of old. Mutdne dda, the people of 
 old, ancestors, forefathers. Doii su he tun dda, for they 
 were, of old. 
 
 Dd (pi. ydyd), add, after ' fruit :' dun ice, m., didnicP, f. (pi. ydydn 
 
( 27 ) 
 
 ice. Dan ^dca, n., gambler j also called ddn gileia, son of 
 
 the nut, gambling being carried on by nuts, ^n anayln 
 
 cdca mutdne suna zamne cildn zaure, kamdn ggma 16 yoma 
 
 sa hiu, stina da hurdi gabdnsu. Da suna zubawasu sii han 
 
 cl riga, ho tdhobi da cdca ; dma wota rdna si han kdre da 
 
 ddmhe, 
 Daha, brutish, Na zdma kamd ddha. 
 Dd-zuniama, compound noun, a free person. 
 Dabdgira, n., a preparation made of the leaves of the addCiwa 
 
 tree. 
 Dabaibdiya, n., a horse whose fore-feet are white. 
 Dabdm, different. In Kano it is pronoanced dabdu. 
 Dabdmta, n., difference. Kano, dubduta. 
 Dabdra, or debdra, or dubdra, or dabarbare, n., device, invention, 
 
 plan. Dihnre dubdra, to devise some plan ; to form a plot. 
 
 Didjdra algus, deceitful scheme ; cunningness. Good 
 
 sense. 
 Dablno, and deblno, n., date. Ddn dablno (pi. ydn dablno), n. 
 
 kernel, seed of the date. Su mutane mam cln dablno 
 
 su ke ; ina tamdha ba su da gpna sdi ta dabmo. 
 Dabir or dahir, adv., certainly, indeed, truly, an affirmation by 
 
 speaker or listener ; the same SisfariUa and hakika. 
 Ddbo or dabv, tr., to practice witchcraft for one. Ya yi mdsa 
 
 dabu. Dahunos (?) ubun dahund. Kr. 
 Dabo (pi. dabobi), n., creature, beast. Kama kpdai dabobi da 
 
 babaye da basu da fahdmi, like the passions of wild beasts 
 
 that have no understanding, 
 Dddafa, conj., therefore, thereupon. 
 Dddaga, n., grinding to powder. 
 Dddai or dadei, adv., heretofore. Don dddai ban gdni ba Jidka 
 
 gulbi da girima. Dddei. Br. gives it the meaning of 
 
 ' never,' which is very doubtful. Dddai, conj., if not. 
 Dddaka, and dddake, intensive form of dnko, to break to 
 
 pieces. 
 Daddka, n., castration. Maidaddka, one who castrates. 
 
{ 28 ) 
 
 JDaddkaJce, n., au animal that is castrated. 
 
 Dddari,, n., leather apron worn by husbandmen. 
 
 Dade. Kr., BdivaharJca=kadd]ca ddde. Tun dcide, of old=: 
 
 tun dda or ddwilri. 
 Ddrlewa, adv., adddewa, at furthest. Ɗa ddde, lasting, enduring. 
 Dddi. Add, Prov., Dddi magdna lai zira si tarseka. Dddi 
 
 7nnfmn si zdmne Idjia. 
 Ɗddin bdki, n., flattery ; yi tddin hdJci, to flatter. 
 Ddfa; ya ddfa giddnsa sina marada da kai, ha f ilia (?). 
 Ddfe, tr. v., to press anything with the palm of the hand in 
 
 raising oneself up, or in putting out the hand to keep from 
 
 falling. 
 Ɗagd, prep. Additional examples : Cikin garimu, ko dagd 
 
 garlmu su duka biu daia ne. Muka kivdua dagd cikin 
 
 ddzi. Muka gdni oniitdne hid dagd nesa. Ɗorina ta t'iji 
 
 7iesa dagd rfai, tnuka hlnta dagd hdya. Ba ni heri didta 
 
 dagd, giddnka ; don tiwamu andauketa dagd giddii ididinu. 
 
 Kadd ka maida ddna,sdi na gdmu da kai dagd cikin Idhira. 
 Ddgd, n, ; tuurin ddgd, watching ; watching-place. 
 Ddga, n,, battle-field or place. 
 Dagdmi and dagunii, n., collar. Da kare da dagumi maldkan 
 
 kora ne, both the dog and its collar are at the disposal of, 
 
 or the right and possession of, the wolf or hyena. 
 Ddgara, i. q. maiwa. 
 Ddgura, n., tendon, i. q. slsia, n., nerve, pulse. Yacdga^ekan- 
 
 kane si^ia, ddgara, ya sa ivotan Icdfo dagd wilri enda ya kcta. 
 Vdgu, n., n\ea,t=nd7na. 
 Dagwiyan, n., hyena, in some parts. 
 Daia, (some daiya), number one ; alone, the same. Kadd. ka 
 
 herni daia, ka zunina kusa da ni, Do not leave me alone, 
 
 &c. Mu duka muka zd,mna wuri daia. 
 Daiho, i. q. deho. 
 Ddidaita, v., to make like, to maintain one's right, to be 
 
 suitable; equal, proper, direct. Ina fdta hainyoyina 
 
 addidditasu, I desire that my ways may be made direct. 
 
( 29 ) 
 
 Ɗainyen ciciwa, n., a dark-green bead. 
 
 Vaji, n., blue seed. 
 
 Ddji, n., a burning bush. 
 
 Ɗakcike, dakdha (pi. dalidhu), trodden down, beat down, 
 
 oppressed. Andanddkeii, he was severely beaten. 
 Dakdri (pi. dakdrn), n., soldier, more especially foot-soldier. 
 Ɗakat, also dahjat, do with difficulty. 
 Ɗakin ddmri, n., prison ; also ddkin dufii, and ddkin kurkuku. 
 
 Ddkin kdran, a house built of reeds. 
 Ddkua, D., some kind of sweetmeat made of corn-flour and 
 
 honey. Br. 
 Ddkwa, n., a sort of dry paste, made of pounded guinea-corn, 
 
 pennisatum. 
 Ddkuse, n., a name for maize. 
 
 Dal, n., a district in the town of Kano, inhabited by Moslems. 
 Dalili. Add : import, pith, moral of a fable ; dalUi zance ke nan, 
 
 reason, cause. 
 Dalili, n,, trade. Mai (pi. masudaJeli), a trader. 
 Dallal, n., a broker, auctioneerj public crier. 
 Dallasewa, to be blunt ; stump. 
 Duma, as : da ddma, a little more. 
 Ddma, n., chance, opportunity. Baddma ddmagdsi, pr. n., of a 
 
 man. Ina so i'n ^Iria ydo ahu ga abokina sundusa ddmagdsi' 
 Ddmana, n., the velvet spider, a species of kiramiski. 
 Ddmana kdsa, and sainyi kdsa, is the season of the year when 
 
 there is frost on the ground; da fdrifet, which is very 
 
 white. 
 Damankdda, n., a poisonous plant. Br. 
 Ddmara, n., girdle; yi ddmara, to gird oneself, to be 
 
 harnessed. 
 Damdciri (pi. damdcirdi), n., a species of lizard; salamander; 
 
 a species of snake. 
 Ddmbd, n., the name given to some kind of red rice which is 
 
 reaped with gero. Ddmba buram da yaw. 
 Dambalkore, pr. n. of the prince of JMaradi. 
 
( 30 ) 
 
 I)fl'm&a?)a.9,n.,atown. Kicsa ga Kdn^e,a,daj's']onrnejfromZt'mder. 
 Vdmhdria, n., the child of the crevice, i.e. mouse. Ddmbdria 
 
 ya cainye gucidta woda id he cl golf'. 
 Ɗdmbazi, n., a kind of necklace made of small beads. 
 Dame (Br. demmi), n., handle; sheaf. 
 Dame karim, n., cluster of grapes. 
 
 Ddmd, int., to stagger. Sic dame kamdn maiydwan sa. 
 Damfammi (pi. dangammdi), n., a fence made of corn-stalks or 
 
 grass. 
 Damlza, and damzi, spotted silk ; satin. 
 Ddmha, tr. v., to hand over, seize by the hand ; lay hold on ; 
 
 also dauko and dauka, to take. 
 Ddmre, to bind. Kr., Suka ddmra hdnkali Azzer diii-a, sie 
 
 wurden nachdenklich. May it not mean, they were blinded, 
 
 spell- bound by charms ? Ya ce da ita, zdka, Tnutafl wurin 
 
 mallami su ddmre m,iina dmre ^akdni na da he. Ddmre) 
 
 or daure,fuska, to put on a stern countenance, to knit one's 
 
 brow. 
 Damrungaga, n., arching overhead in large houses or mosques. 
 DdmSe, n., the upper arm from the shoulder to the elbow. 
 
 Mace daia da na gdni, damcenta yakusafi cinidta daglrima. 
 Damsi, n., moisture, sap. 
 Damso = dimso {?) 
 Damn, to be confounded, confused, disquiet, Ddm^ua, n., 
 
 confusion. 
 Ddmu (pi. damunsa), sheaf, bundle. 
 Dan alio, n., c\\\\d of the writing-board; i.e., pupil, scholar, 
 
 disciple. 
 Ddnbdnzo. Add : ddnhdnza reirei na, ku andukulesi si rosi. 
 Ddnheka, n., bush-cat with a bad smell. 
 Ddndadpki ahha, the white horse of my fiither. 
 Dandamana, n., a boil or ulcer, prevalent chiefly in the rainy 
 
 season, 
 Danddmi, tr. to run a risk. 
 Ddndana, n., a small herb; some kind of cress. 
 
( 31 ) 
 
 Ɗdn dmi nlTia or r'ula, n., a small grind ing-stone, held in the 
 
 hand. 
 ])dnduinlyi=alcoHi, r\., a large pot or dish. 
 DcDifare ; as, ya danfareta, he embraced her. 
 Ddnfdri (pi. ydnfdri), n., first-born. 
 Ddnf erica, n., child of a harlot. 
 BdnforJid, n., heavy beam, 
 Ddnfidoni; in Kebbi, nilaslops {measlops), or false guvial, not 
 
 reckoned mischievous (?). Bk. 
 Danga (pi. dangogi), i. q. denga. 
 
 Dafiga, n.,a fence of corn-stalks or sticks ; a kitchen-garden. 
 Ddngdha, n., breast-bell for horses. 
 Dangddo, n., the son of possession, i.e. heir. Dangddona 
 
 gidd na. 
 Ddngana, n., the name given to children whose parents died 
 
 soon after their birth. 
 Ddngari (pi. yaydn gari), n., inhabitant, native of a place. 
 
 Gold (?). McUds garl, silver. 
 Ddngane, reclining. 
 Dangazere, pr. n. m. 
 Ddngesi, n., temporary lameness. 
 
 Ddfigi, n., a shield of straw or zana; tribe, iamWy = d{^nqL 
 Ɗdngidd, n., male domestic. 
 Ddiigo, n., wax ; ddngon zumua, bee's-wax. 
 Bangdvo, n., a young elephant. 
 Ddngwrunfa, n.,a pedler, packman, one who carries his load on 
 
 his head. 
 Udnjejawa, n., Kebbi name for gero. 
 Ddnkiama, n., a long narrow bag for salt, 10 to 12 inches 
 
 long and 3 inches wide. 
 Ddnkdka, n., son of grand-parents. Name of a plant. 
 Danhali (pi. dankaloli), n., cassado ; sweet potato. 
 Dankdma, n., the name of a large town. 
 Ddiikare, tr. v., to slam a door; to cleave to, Gareka kiirudta 
 
 ta ddnkare. 
 
( -32 ) 
 
 ƊanJcera, tr. v., to press, compress as a bale or parcel. 
 
 Ddhkulole (pi. dankulalu) , with gurdsa, loaves of bread. 
 
 Dcirikune, n., tip of the ear. 
 
 Danni, n., a swan (?). 
 
 Danuhd, n., a sore at the root of the nail. Half-brother by the 
 
 father's side. 
 Ddnraguwa, n., a species of spur- winged plover. 
 Ɗdnruga, n., white ox. ; pi., white cattle. 
 Bdnsu (pi. yansu), fisher. 
 Dan^oro (ahin), terrible, something terrible. 
 Ɗfu'iuwa, n., half-brother by the mother's side. 
 Ɗansufari (pi. yansufari), n., a hired labourer, hireling. 
 Ddnzumdma, n., a free person. 
 
 Ddiiztimu, n., son of a cousir — first cousin once removed. 
 Ddnivdke, n., a cake of beans. 
 Ɗardra, tr. and intr., to jest, to ridicule, to deride. Mutdne 
 
 suka dararamu hdnza. 
 Daraugo, n., a rat; called sdrikin rikeci. 
 Darciza and dareza, n., glory, honour. 
 
 Ddre and dere, n., night. Prov., Komi nlsa na dare gare di tcdije. 
 Uaresan dmre, Solemnization of Matrimony (?). 
 Ddri, n., a hundred. Ɗdri da hdmsin tana rlkon hamsdmia ? 
 
 One hundred and fifty (I owe) ; is the detaining five 
 
 thousand for it ? 
 JDdri, n,, deer, hart. The Arabs call it Ar amd woddhga ndmdu 
 
 ddzi da girlma da kiho da pJwon knfoni : kanagdni ddri 
 
 (100) suna tafia gahddai. 
 Ddri, n., cold. Ana ddri, es ist mir kalt. Kadan anyenke 
 
 ydsdka hdhu ddson zlni da zdii fita sdhadd ddri. Bdrin 
 
 kdkd, n., the cold of December or January, i.e. harvest 
 
 time. Darin wake, of the first cold which appears in 
 
 October, while beans are in flower. Wunda ^ina cikin rmi 
 
 ha si kula ha da ddri. 
 Ddria,n., laugh, laughter; yi ddria rcne, laugh scornfully. 
 Ddriantdka, n., coldness. 
 
( 33 ) 
 
 Ddrvie, ddmre, daure, to be bound. 
 
 Darn, n., a tribe between Kororofo, between Sunfai and 
 Kwgnca. They weave cloth called palla of fibres of wood, 
 which has been soaked and beaten. 
 Barwoiya, tr. v., to rinse, as the mouth. 
 
 Bastui and dascUe, n., the gums. IldUena H ddfe ga dasdSena. 
 Busaonjini, the dropping of blood. 
 Base, n., a tree. Dd^e anddsa, a tree planted. 
 Basewa, and dmewa, n., eclipse. 
 Bauda, pr. n., David. 
 Bauda and Baiido, the name given to a ruler or governor of a 
 
 place of some importance; a duke, prince, nobleman. 
 Baudal Baiwa, n., a kind of grass, short spikes and adhesive. 
 Baiiddn cihi, n., a tape-worm. 
 Baudaiva (pi. daudawoyi), and daudawdye, and daudawuna, 
 
 some kind of sweetmeat. Anaymsa da dorowa. 
 
 Baukdka, tr. v., to lift up, to be high, to be exalted. Mu 
 
 daukdka silndnsa hdki daia, let us exalt his name together. 
 
 Ka so ha daiika ma Icdnha, you mean to give yourself an air ! 
 
 Baida, or ahun daida, n., any comfort, desire ; money of a man 
 
 in good condition, any wish that can be gratified is called 
 
 ah fin daida or nlima. 
 
 Baulo, n., a metal resembling ziuc (gamsaura), which is harder 
 
 than daido. 
 Baura, i. q. ddmre, to celebrate marriage. Anka daura anre, 
 ta tdfi giddnta, tr. v., to tie ; as, ya daura hantensa. Pro v., 
 Kay an saumaha da marece ahandaiirasi. 
 Bauri=daxouri, adv., of old, before this time; soon, early. 
 Bdwa, n., corn, grain of various kinds : a white kind is called 
 gadardra ; a reddish sort, hdde gannin hazuj a greenish 
 kind, zdgo. 
 Baivama, v., to abide, to continue, to endure. 
 Buivainiya and dawoiniya, n., servitude ; paying attention to 
 more especially to strangers. Knna, cln gurdsa daioalniya, 
 ye eat the bread of toil. Lotun da hai ha dawOniya 
 
 p 
 
( 34 ) 
 
 garelca ha 6e^e mutum, '* When Thou tookcst upon Thee to 
 
 dehver man/' 
 Ɗawdki, n., a town S.S.E. of Egabbi. 
 ƊCiwoma, to endure, continue, i.q. Ddwama. 
 Dawgyawa, n., returning ; coming back; dawgyowa, returning, 
 
 going back. 
 Dehhehbi, n., pavement. 
 Ɗebe and deho, tr. v., to take, take off, away. Ni dehe alberha 
 
 dagd Jcdsa (Gen. iii. 17). Mdllami ya stga garin dehe rua- 
 
 Ya dehe zlrai, he took gum. Dcho, to select from. Ya 
 
 dehe mnilnsu, ya hc'two ya hdsu. Nl deho means, I will 
 
 take something far off; nl dehe, I will take something 
 
 near. Deho, imperative, means " take and return with it." 
 Ɗeda and ddda, tr. v., to multiply. 
 JOefe, to cleave to. 
 Dega, intr. to drop, to leak. 
 Dei, adv., only, provided that, &c. En deida rai dei ana ansa 
 
 tamdha, asdmu, whilst there is life provided, one hopes one 
 
 will have. Kamiitu deh,ka mutu Ice nan, you can die but once. 
 Deiyi, n., a small herb with thistle-like prickles. 
 Demma (pi. demmaku), and demmi (pi. demmgni), n., sheaf, 
 
 bundle. 
 Dlmmo, ddmandakesa, nasekasa, niizanciki and hagghisn tiulu, 
 
 different names given to an animal, pi'obably the iguana in 
 
 Sierra Leone called an upland alligator. 
 Dmga (pi. denggyi), u., kindred, family, tribe, relative. 
 Deraha, n., scabs all over the body in men. Mi deraha,si man 
 
 covered with scabs. 
 Dere = ddre^ n., night; zla da dere, last night; zekdrdii zia 
 
 da dere, last night but one. 
 Derne = ddrne, n., a fence of tall reeds. 
 Dew, intr., to leap, leaping down. 
 Dla, adj., fi-ce. iVix hdku dla, I make you free. D'la (accent 
 
 on first syl.), pi. of dd, children ; did (accent on second 
 
 syl), daughter — (very doubtful). 
 
( 35 ) 
 
 Ɗiafaru makaia, n., the fruit of the vine, that is grapes. Kr. 
 Ɗlantaka, i. q. dulnci, n., freedom, manumission of slaves. 
 Dlha hdmna, to be hopeless, to lose courage. 
 Bihdco, n,, some sort of cloth, perhaps of silk. Ɓdui sun sd 
 
 riga dihdco fard. 
 Diho, n., silver-spotted satin. 
 Didiga, n., a sum. Kdha girhna didigdnsu ! Also haricija Mngi, 
 
 and sauora, fragments, remnants. 
 JDidigga, n., corn which remains when a bundle or sheaf is 
 
 removed. 
 DiJiho, n,, coition. 
 Ɗil (pi. dilgli), n., a mast. 
 Ɗlla, n., fox. Ɗlla vidllamin ddwa, tho fox is priest of the 
 
 desert. 
 Ɗila, n., a melon. 
 Ɗillli, n., occasion, cause, reason. 
 Dilkusi, int. to hnee\ = durgiisi. 
 J)iin{=}:ambQri, n., fine white calico. 
 Bimso, tr. v., to take ; only used when speaking of a handful, 
 
 as dimso hdnu hiu, take two handfuls. 
 Birezia, n., honour, glory, respect, grace. Nuhu ya sdmii direzia,. 
 Birhamido ridli, n., probably silver coin. Reals, Spanish dollar. 
 Birimha, n., an armlet of plaited grass worn by men and women- 
 Birime, n., upsetting, as a boat ; dlrme, to sink, to drown. 
 Birta, i. q. zirta, n., a saw. 
 Birze, i.q. gurze, tr. v., to bruise, to stand at bay, make a 
 
 stand. 
 Birziya and gurziye, n., bruising. 
 Bissa, intr., to be blunt, dull. 
 Bise, intr., to waste away, or Blsse, ya dissesu. 
 Bissewa and dasasscwa, n., bluntness, dulness of a knife. 
 Biya=dla. Mu diydnsa ne. 
 Biydlrdna, n., mirages sun's daughter. 
 Bodni, n., a span ; the spreading of the fingers. 
 Bpbontdka, n., sorcery. 
 
( 36 ) 
 
 DoJp, n., evil spirit. Dodo ya tone saiwa dulia, sdi data ya yi 
 
 kingi ; itdce ya fddi da mutum duka. Maidodo and 
 
 sdnkindodo, a wild beast; a little quiver given to a 
 
 ■warrior. PI. dudondi, n., dragons. Dodonrua, sea devils, 
 
 leviathan. 
 Dododi, n., serpents. 
 
 Dodpwa, n., a vegetable paste made of beans of the dorowa. 
 Dpgara, tr., to support by props ; to trust in ; to uphold. 
 Dpgo, dogua (pi. dngu), long, high. Tana da dpga hdnud, 
 
 duka hiu, ddma da hauni. 
 Dggo (pi. dpgu), long, high. 
 Dpgo, also migdddnkuka, miz'in Dogua, that is the husband of 
 
 Dpgua. 
 Dpgua = ^dfin ^omia, u., a demon supposed to hurt tamariud- 
 
 trees. Palsy, paralysis; a withered limb, because it is 
 
 believed to be caused by the Dogua. 
 Doiyan hlssa, n., a bush, that is, a wild yam. 
 Doka, n,, law ; notice. Anyi doka : kmca si daure dalonsa 
 
 don anayin gpna. 
 Doka (pi. dokoki), n., plaiting of the hair. 
 Doka, n., middle, ridge ; dokdn ddwa, middle of the bush. 
 Dokaci, as many as, all. 
 
 Dpkin Alia ; literally, God's horse. A species of mantes. 
 Dokol, n., cankerworm. Fdra, jidre. 
 Dole (pi. dolae), n., ink-blot. 
 Domi, dommi, donme, conj., because. Domi huyu van, 
 
 because of this mat. Domi, against. Sdriki ya fito dom 
 
 in Bornu. 
 Dongoli (pi. dongoldi), n., a rope for tying calves. 
 Don hdka ; don kdda, that not; l>a don lidka ha, if it were not. 
 Don ivonan ne, it is for this reason. 
 Dpre, n., joining, junction of two pieces of wood. 
 Dpro, n., lump^ protuberance. Midpra, a round-shouldered 
 
 person. Midpra zdbo, a hump- backed horse. 
 Dorowa, n., parkia. Kr., Doloa and doruwa. 
 
( 37 ) 
 
 Ɗotizo, n., a man of distinction. In the sentence : Kai dan 
 
 Ɓaura dotizo Jcumd wonga, &c. 
 Doicai=dui, u., a bad smell. 
 Bowdtdna, n., a kind of grass resembling rice, stored up for 
 
 horses. 
 Dronrdga, Kano name for the herb raga. 
 Dit and duh, abbreviated form for diika, all, every. 
 Duade, to refrain, to stop; aduade, to be stopped. Bani 
 
 duade lehiina, I do not refrain my lips. Kamdn gamsika 
 
 wonda duade kunensa, like the deaf adder that stoppoth 
 
 her ears. 
 Buaia, n., sweet potato. 
 
 Budsu arddu, n., thunderbolts ; dudsu lulu, n., pearl. 
 Bubdra, add : dubdra tafl kdnfi ; ha don dubdra ha mutum si 
 
 saida dpli da rdhumi, 
 Buduge (pi. dudugdi), n., heel; mugunta dudugdi, the iniquity 
 
 of my heels. 
 Budufa, n., musical instruments ; timbrel. 
 Budurii, n., name of a stream in Kano. 
 Bilfua, n., darkness. Btlfiia ta Ice ga halkdsin hafpfina. 
 Buk da wonan, conj., nevertheless, notwithstanding all this, 
 
 less, 
 Buka, flogging. 
 
 Bulli, n., the charcoal tree of Nupe. 
 Buma, n., a gourd. 
 Bumdnia, n., black plum. 
 Bumi or ddmi, n., a fish with large dorsal fins, and green on 
 
 either side. 
 Burnt, n., noise. Bumi ya cika gidd. Bumin tagugyi^ the 
 
 noise of the waves. Warm {?), as riidn dumi. 
 Bumia, n., goose ; some kind of tree. 
 Bumca, tr., to fill the hand, to take by handfuls. 
 Bundu, n., a small fabaceous tree bearing a pod eaten by cattle. 
 Bundururu, n. = ma{zdbe, a pickase. 
 Buhgoli, n., a door-post. 
 
( 38 ) 
 
 Dufiguli, n., cow butter. 
 
 Dungum or dungu (pi. dunga na hdnu), the stump of an arm, 
 
 a leg or finger. 
 J)w?im, world; add: sina so si Icoya mutclne admin Issa, ho 
 
 hainyan gdsMa na rain dUnia nan da na Idhira. ƊUnia 
 
 yau ha su so Idfid, the present age is not for peace. 
 
 Mutume dunia da ha yirda daSi, wdlahi ahin p)ro ne. 
 Diihhule, tr., to shape, to form. Mutdne nan sun ce, Issa si lean 
 
 dauka Tidsa, si ddmata, si dunkuleta Jcamti zunsu, si Jura 
 
 mdsii rdi. N., mass, lump, ball. 
 Ɗunkurkuda, n,, the common species of brown and brownish 
 
 and black locusts. 
 DUnia melon, for everywhere, everybody. 
 Dunnia, and dyunnia, n., the name of a tree. Br. John, Diinya, 
 
 tree bearing a black plum. Duuyn ha ta da kai, has no 
 
 top, head, topless. 
 Dilsa dzurfa, n., dross of silver — dUsa kdr/fi, of iron ; diisa si- 
 
 ndria, of gold. 
 Du^al, or duzal, or dujal, or dazal, n., Antichrist. Miitume 
 
 sina yin mUgunta duka cikin dUnia ; wonda rdndn hdya 
 
 nanlsa si yi ydki da si, dalsa si kdsesi tdre da duka da siina 
 
 hinsl. Ɗazalj maildo data. Maikodai sina hdsi. Dpkonsa, 
 
 en ya yi kosi sai akdra da mdsa da gurasa {sina ce). 
 
 Fisdrinsa sai zumua da mddara. Wonda ya hisl kud don 
 
 kodai ya ghdta, sai wuta. 
 Dwade ; as, ya dwade tnani dlwa, i.q. dwdde. 
 
 [The orthography has undergone some changes of late with 
 aview to bring it more fully in harmony with that proposed 
 in the " Standard Alphabet for reducing hitherto un- 
 written languages,'^ by Professor R. Lepsius, Berlin. We 
 therefore now write d instead of ds, and dz and j instead 
 of dz and ds. 
 
 Pahere = dsahore, n., grass, reed. 
 
 Dini, n., point. Dinin alura, the point of a needle. Ice mai- 
 
 dini, a pointed stick, spit. 
 
 7)iu'a,n., insolence; da ^Zi'ioa, insolently. Ydro si yi dadiiva gasofo. 
 
( 39 ) 
 E. 
 
 Eansina, adv., add : in the meantime, meanwhile. 
 
 Ehilis, and ehilisi, n., diabolus, devil. Kddd Jcdwo mini chili- 
 sinka, do not bring to me thy evil spirit ; or, as much as. 
 Do not make me as ill-disposed as thou art. 
 
 Edahal, n., a black ass. 
 
 Efait, n., a pure white ass — from Aghenci. 
 
 Elgaita, add : shorter than the pampame. 
 
 Elio, n., the name given to Lagos. 
 
 Elliu, n., mimosa nilotica. Br. 
 
 Elhuds, n., Jerusalem. 
 
 En=insind an ; add : and wether, Ya tdmhdya en suFuldni 
 ne. En dei da red dda ansa taninho, dsdmu. Ena, or 
 e'nnd, that which. Mlnene ena da hold siikafddi indhi ? 
 
 Engardiaga, n., a large toad. Seems a Bornu word. 
 
 J^nna, add : and, ennua or inua (pi. enuivd ?). Yanuna mdsu 
 inuivdnsu can cihin ri/an rljia. Dlla ya ce, ni da leu ha 
 mu tdra inua daia. 
 
 Ecdda, n., a small, dusky, long-billed honey-bird. 
 
 £nci, adv., verily, surely, certainly. J^nci Jcai ne. 
 
 Ephod, n., region. Kafadu. 
 
 F. 
 
 Fdda, add : fddo, to fall down, to shrink ; ya fddi, he has 
 fallen, that is, he is dead. Jllcin ya fdda Jcumd. 
 
 Fadd, tr., to correct, set right, rebuke. Ka ce anayi mdka 
 fadd ! Kai Anndhi Mahama ne, ha ayi mdJca fadd ?■ The 
 meaning, to contradict : — " Art thou the prophet Mahomed, 
 who is not to be contradicted ? " To quarrel, tana fadd da 
 ni, wai na kl sula wUrlnta. And: Mutum hai tone 
 faddfiJca ha, homi faddnka ka tonesi? 
 
 FadaSe, caus. v., to defend, to plead one^s cause, to fight for one. 
 
 Fddawa, add : meadow; fruitful field. 
 
 Fadda, add : to confess ; to scold, to blame ; to reprove. Da 
 wodanan magdna akafdddasu ga uhdnsa. 
 
( 40 ) 
 
 Fddinrai, and fddin zucian, hauglitiness, animal excitement or 
 
 effect of it. 
 Fadodi, pi. form, palaces. 
 Fafadl, the same as laoolhwoli, n., plate in front of a horse's 
 
 face. 
 Fafilm (pi. filcafihi), n., feather, wing, Fihifikin Idf, the 
 
 fins of fishes. 
 Faga and faggd, n., rice farm ; also faggdn sinh'ifa, rice field. 
 Fage, n., bow shot ; speed of a horse. 
 Faggen ddwaki, n., race-ground, riding-place. Gudun fagd, 
 
 running a race. 
 Faggo, n., an edible tuber, resembling znziija, 
 Faifai, add: p].faifai, and faiafdi. 
 Fdhami, n., understanding. 
 
 Fdharl, n., honour, reputation. Sina da fdhari, amd ha 61 he 
 
 da fdhami, he has (a good) reputation, but no sense. 
 
 Mittum wonda sina ciMn fdhari, dma ha Si da fdhami, 
 
 a play of words. 
 
 Fdhinci, n., saying, wise saying. Sana ydho fdhincmsu, they 
 
 praise their wise sayings. 
 Fdhunta, to understand clearly. 
 FaJcdJce, iutens. v., walking much about. 
 Fakam, n., a district in Kano, south-east coruer. 
 Fakace, to repeat (?). 
 
 Fake, intr., to hide, to take shelter, to conceal oneself. 
 Fdko, n., hard ground, or soil ; wilderness. 
 Fdko, add : to watch, to listen to ; lie in ambush, tic(aufd)Cn. 
 Sdriki ya ce : kowa zo si fdko maikdfo slnafadi : na sdmi 
 sdna. Mai (pi. m,asufdko), n., opponent, adversary. 
 Fakkiya, n., large stone beads. 
 Fdl, and fdfil, to fill up to the brim. Kilra ya tdsi fal, dust 
 
 rose high. 
 Falcisa, tr. v., to reproach ; revile, expose. 
 
 Falfada and falfazia, n., court, open space before a house ; 
 hall, parlour. 
 
( 41 ) 
 
 Falale, n., rock. 
 
 Falalla, n., any head-tie. 
 
 Falfada, intr., to come to oneself. 
 
 Falfdsa, tr., to bruise. 
 
 Fdlia, n., a species of fish much like salmon. 
 
 Falka, to lift up, to arise ; to come to oneself , to awake. 
 
 Falke {p\. faldhe) , n., a merchant, trader, travelling trader. 
 
 Fallaha, tr., to raise or support by the palm of the hand. 
 
 Fdhna, to make an attack, to overpower. 
 
 Falmaki, to prevail against, n., violence, tumult, throng. 
 
 Fdma, tr., to defend ; to strive, struggle for ; sun yi fdma 
 
 birnensu, they defended their towns. 
 Fandama, n., a table land, flat land. 
 Fdnfaindn kdi, n., top of the head. 
 FanJcdsu, n., a cake of wheat-Hour and honey. 
 Fdnsa, tr. to deliver. Fdnse and pdnsa, pdnse. Ya fdnsesu 
 
 dagd hdnun ahpkin gdba. N., atonement. 
 Fdntu &ndfuntu, adj., naked, in rags from want. 
 Fdra, n., white ground-nut. 
 Fard, n., dropsy ; white, whiteness. 
 Fdrakaiya, n,, a large gum-yielding tree used for ink. 
 FaralmdlJca, n., heavy rains in August. 
 Fdrdnci, maifardnci hira, n., a person with one or more 
 
 short toes. 
 Fardre, yifdrdre, to wMten, make white. 
 Fdrga, the same as fdriga, tr. v., to find out, to discover a plan, 
 
 contrivance ; to know all about, to understand, to perceive. 
 Fdri, n., drought. 
 Fdri, n., the first. Dd (pi. yd7i fdri), first-born. Fdri ho hdU, 
 
 white or black, i.e. good or bad. 
 Farifdse, intens. form, to break to pieces. 
 Fdrikdrife, n., brass. 
 
 Fdrin dahino, n., yellow beads. r 
 
 Fdrin ducij n., a place east of and near Kurama. 
 Fdrincihi, n., a crystal white bead. 
 
( 42 ) 
 
 FdrinciTci, n., peace, comfort, gladness. Yi fdrincihi, be of 
 
 good cheer, rejoice ; ha sd hUrudta ta yi fdrincihi, comfort 
 
 my soul, make me rejoice. Yahuhu ya yi fdrincihi, 
 
 Jacob rejoiced, or was glad. Uivd mai-fdrincihi daydwa. 
 Fdrin zdrbi, n,, large white crane. 
 Fdrin zini, n., white blood, good disposition, purity, sincerity ; 
 
 good report; being well spoken of; being a favourite. 
 
 Maifdrin zlni, amiable, popular, affectionate; a generous 
 
 man. 
 Fdrhaii, n., a very large tortoise : its shell is large enough to 
 
 wash several children in. 
 Fdrita, tr. v., institute, ordain ; to originate. 
 Faro, n., a river uniting with the Binue. (Crowther's Journal). 
 Fdrs, n. p., Persia. 
 Fdrsd (ha) ; as, ha ayi fdrsd ha, not being closed (Isaiah, i. 6). 
 
 Applied to wounds and sores (Bennett). 
 Fartdfigo, add : pi. fartandi, n.. hoe. 
 Faru, add : Mi ya faruhana hwdna ? What is the matter, you 
 
 are sleeping ? Kasdla tasdmeni ; hasdla. laid hold on me ; 
 
 I was hard up. 
 Faru mahaia. Haji Ali, of Sokotu, gives it for vine, and 
 
 faru makaia for grapes, the fruit of the vine. (Kr). 
 
 Fdrun mahiaya. (John) . 
 Fdsa, tr., to lay waste. 8un fdsa mazdmnmsa, they laid 
 
 waste his dwelling-place. 
 Fdsa, tr. and intr., to fail, to defer, to postpone. Na fdsa 
 
 ylnsa har gghe ; to pull down, to lay waste ; to smite, to 
 
 wound. 
 Fdsa hwori, n., a large tree which has an aromatic bark. 
 Fasdli ; add to the meanings, decision ; joint section. Plan; 
 
 as, fasdli da muha yi ncl dda, the plan we have formed 
 
 long ago. 
 FdsarOf to explain, expound. Letdji na Hausa anyi fdsardnsa, 
 
 the Hausa book has been explained. 
 Fasardnta, n., explanation. 
 
( 43 ) 
 
 FasMn^i and yifasJcdnci, to go a whoring ; adultery, fornication. 
 Fdskara ; add : ya fdskara, he is too positive, very obstinate 
 
 or headstrong. Ya na fdskara, it is impossible. Ɓdbu 
 
 komi fdskara ne, nothing is impossible. 
 Faskardci, n., shaving of one side of the head. 
 Fdskare, n., a plank, board. 
 Fdski, n., breadth. 
 
 Fasso, n,, breaking of the skin from cold. 
 Fdsu, intr., to break out, as aloha. 
 Fase, adv. and conj., only, except, yinx, aufer, Kr. 
 Fata (pi. fdtihia), add, after trees, "or fruit." Fdtan gondo ha 
 
 ta da kdhri. Sdta suma, for hairy scalp (Ps. ixix. 21). 
 Fdta, tr., to fight. Fatdn wdsa, a sham fight. Ya yi fdta da 
 
 si, he fought with him, for which Bk. gives, ya yi kokewa. 
 
 Tare da si, to struggle for, pray for. Eai ne anafdta, ha 
 
 dukia ha, we fight for life, not for property. 
 Fatdfatd, n., plenty, abundance; often used adverbially. 
 Fatatakdke, m. fatatakdkiya (pi. fatatakdku), torn as by wild 
 
 beasts. 
 Fatatdkawa, n,, prey, booty obtained by hard fighting. 
 Fatauci, n., trade, trading. Ina tdf. fatauci, I go to trade, on 
 
 a trading tour ; the same as fatawdye. Ya kl zvafataiodye, 
 
 he declines going to trade. 
 Fatilla, n., a lamp, and wick of the lamp ; tddafatilla,io set up 
 
 or light a lamp. 
 Fdye, add : Kaddn a.hu yafdye mdsu da wily a. Ɗon gidasensu 
 
 sunfdyekydo. Sun fdye mdni nailyi. Yafdye wUyagareni. 
 Fdza, or pdza {pl.fasoji), n., fish-hook, fish-line ; ice fdsa and 
 
 zarenfdza; kdrfin fdza. Mai (pi. masufdza), one who is 
 
 fishing. Maifdza ya dauka or fisga, or kdna icen fdza, the 
 
 angler takes up the line. 8u (pi. mdsu), n., fisher. 
 Fdzi, n., a crown, turban. 
 
 Fefefe, in. fefefeya, f.fefefu, faded, withered, decayed. 
 Fesa, intr., to spit out, or blow out water from the mouth. 
 Fesdwa, n., spitting. 
 
( 44 ) 
 
 Fiada, tl., thrashing. 
 
 Fiade, n., tr., to dash, as, sifiadesu hisafalale; to give up, over. 
 
 Yajiade dohobinsu da MnJcarajHe smote their cattle with hail. 
 
 Fida, tr., to take out, pull out. Fida ido to bud, to bring forth 
 
 the bud ; fida hai, bring forth the ear. 
 Fideddy m.ffdediya, f. {-pi. fidedu), flayed, skinned. 
 Fideri, n., a shrub, the bruised seeds of which are used in 
 
 certain diseases of the eyes. 
 Fijika, intr., to fly ; and fikawa, and jifihdwa ; tdH, ydo, saudgi. 
 Figdge, m.,Jigdgiya (-pi. fgdgu), stripped as the beard of corn, 
 
 and figege, figegiya, fgegu. 
 Fige, to pluck. 
 
 Figitdce, jigitdcia, figitdta, frightened. 
 FlTiO^ n., power, greatness, excellence. Fllcon dilnia ai 
 
 wpfi ne. 
 Fila, n., stratagem in war or of any kind. ' 
 
 Filldta, JiLldtana, n., a Fulahman or woman. (Kr.) 
 Findi, n., a kind of sword with broad blade, a yambol. 
 FiJcdsOy n., a broad cake of bean flour. 
 Fintussa, n., a locust, with short wings and covers. 
 Fird, ha mu fir a da hai ; ba hifird da mi (?). Kr. Flrd, to 
 peel, aa yam (John). jDgyayanuna ? Is the yam cooked ? 
 Kai! 0, hai nUna ha, ydnzu akayifird. 
 Firda, tr., to rip up. 
 
 Firgdhha, n., disappointment ; disheartening at failure. 
 Firgita, to vex, to trouble, to frighten. 
 FirTiO, adv., first. Nafirko, tafirho, the same as nafdri, tafari, 
 
 the first. 
 Firzan, n., Fezzan. 
 
 Fisa, sixth form of fita, tr., to draw out. Ta fisnsa daga 
 cikin rua. Fishe means much the same. Ba hhva da he 
 fshesu dagd hdJivna. Ku fisdi {=fi.sd8i) cikin sdlihd, 
 You pour it into a bottte. 
 Fisdrin ginma, n., an olive-green bead. 
 Flsge, tr., to skin ; take off skin or feathers. 
 
( 45 ) 
 
 Fue, causative form, tr., to deliver, to pull or pluck dut. 
 
 Alia ya Ji^eni dagd hilmidta. Ta fise mutdnensa da 
 
 miirna. 
 Fita dagd ; add : to leave a place ; hafita abu diilca, you take 
 
 out everything. Ɗa muha fita dagd Germany, mun siga 
 
 cildn zirigi hdna ga doTcin wuta, When we left Germany 
 
 we went into a boat, after that into a fire-horse=a train. 
 
 AJitdnka, at thy going" forth. 
 Fitdsda, add, suJca jitdsda da dagd rami. Fitdsda garlfa, hi yi 
 
 mdmu tuo (Fi tarda). 
 Fitda fida Tcai, corn bringing forth the eoxB^Jida ido, bringing 
 
 forth the grain. 
 Fitilla (pi. Jitilldi and Jitillgli). Fitilla mlci, a burning 
 
 lamp. 
 Fitg, to take out, extract. Ya jito sindria dagd duH. Come 
 
 out, cidwa ta Jito dagd garl. Fitowd da slgowd, coming 
 
 out, coming in. 
 Fiydye, in.,Jiydya {pLJlydyu), surpassed. Fz, to surpass. 
 Fiyfya, n., superiority, higher distinction. Ama dfniia ha 
 
 Jiyeya ? Is it so that there is difference of rank, superiority 
 
 of one over another in this world ? 
 Fice, tr. v., Sllca. 
 
 Fg da yini, fpfo da wuni, forms of salutation. 
 Foffha, n. p., a valley forming the boundary-line between the 
 
 Haiisa and the San gay languages. (Br., vol. iv. p. 231). 
 FoJco, n., watching for a thief or enemy. 
 Fgla, n., another name for maiwa. 
 Fgma {■p\.f6mae = guri), n., pride, boasting, bragging, strutting; 
 
 vanity, emptiness, conceit, shallowness ; v., to brag, to 
 
 strut. 
 Foofoo, n., lights, lungs. 
 
 Forho, tr., to revive, as the kola-nut does ; to absorb moisture. 
 Foru, to be instructed, warned, set light. 
 Foce, n., a large round cake of salt, a loaf. 
 Frigita, n., alarm, sudden fear ; start. 
 
( 4G ) 
 
 Frigita^e, frigitadia [p]. frigitdhi, frightened, &c. 
 
 Fudtty tr., to till, to throw up heaps of earth, as for yams and 
 
 corn ; to dig. 
 Fudua {^\. fudodi and fudanai) , openings. 
 Fufu, ov fufi, n., small species of sheat-fish. 
 Fiifuhe and ftthafuki, n., the wing of a house. 
 Ftda, n., a cap. 
 
 Fuldni and ba Fuldni {^X.fulane), Fula man. 
 Fulanci, and magdna fulanci, the language of the Fulbe. 
 Fulata, n., a Fulde woman. 
 
 Fullaci, n., what belongs to Fulla nation, language, &c. 
 Fitmfuna, n., mildew, damp ; smell of damp. 
 Ficni, n., a crown, turban. 
 Funtu, naked, in rags from want. 
 FunturUj n., cold of December and January. 
 Furde, n., a bay horse ; maifurde, the proprietor of. Another 
 
 description : a grey horse with dark mane. 
 Fure {-^\. furori) , n., a flower, blossom, bud. Fure wonda hai 
 
 hfide hdJci ha, Faren gucian itace, the blossom of the 
 
 almond-tree. Gruel; warhdka anacin fare. 
 FurJcaM (pi. /urfce), a panther. 
 Furza and furSe, tr., sprinkling water by throwing from the 
 
 mouth. 
 Fusafusa, n., violent rushing, as wiud. 
 Fusdta, n., wrath. Yi fusdta, v., to rage furiously ; to be 
 
 angry ; to fret ; to be envious, vexed. 
 Fiislca, n., colour ; face. 
 Fu6a = taMma, n., might, strength ; boast, glory. Woiiifusha 
 
 glzirlnha ? 
 Fme, tr., to carry over, to pass across ; carry through, as 
 
 yumva, i.e. famine. 
 Fucu, n., a foul-mouthed shameless person ; fucewa. 
 FutdH, causative form, tr., to set at rest, cause one to rest. 
 
 FutaHeni, I will ease myself of my adversary (Isai. i. 24). 
 Fuza, u., glory, excellency ; respect, authority (?). 
 
( 47 ) 
 
 Fu£i, to bore. Sima fuzewa hpfa^ they are boring a hole in 
 
 the gate. 
 Fuzezi, m.ffuzeziya f. (pi. fuzezu), bored, pierced (applied to 
 
 womeii's lips). 
 
 G. 
 
 Ga, prep. Additional examples and illustrations : Ka sd woni 
 ahu hydo ga ctkin ivilta. Don ta Jisdta ga (out) cikin rua. 
 Kiisa ga (to) hdkiii rua. Sit cl didn itdce ga (under) 
 Jcalkdsin enud da sainyi. Gewoye ga (round) maida. 
 Namlzi daia sina zdmne ga (at) makdrin maida. Ta huga 
 hdnunta ga (against) ma'ida. Muka siga ga (into) ddzi. 
 Kowoce sdfia mukan fita ga (through) wota kofa, mu 
 gewoya mm siga dagd woto kofa. Kdsi daia ya tdfi ga 
 hdydnta. Ga kosi ga kwdna yunwa, inter opes inops. 
 
 Gdha, n., enmity, dispute, a matter of dispute. Suna gdha, 
 gdha, ya kdre. 
 
 Gdha, prep., before, in front. Ya kaini gdha ga matdnsa. 
 Sdhua, kaddn ta gdni ga gahunta kwoi Uirin, ha ta kdra 
 dzewa woddnsa. 
 
 Gdhd or gdha (pi. gahdhi), n., measure of length, and depth ; 
 cubit, or fathom. 8 an yi rljidnsa gdha Uirin ko tdlatin 
 kdna su tdrds da rua. Gdban hdnu, n., wrist, knobs. 
 
 Gahdta, tr., to agree; ya gahdia,h.e agreed. Angahdta hdki 
 daia. 
 
 Gahdta {da alhdrka), to prevent, go before, to favour. 
 
 GahdtowGy coming to, before (?). Presenting themselves. 
 Gahdtoniy before me. 
 
 Gahdcin rdna, i.q., tdain rdna, the rising of the sun, the region 
 of the East. 
 
 Gdhia and gdjia, n., mouse. Gdhia tanafito. 
 
 Gahiya, n., title of respect for a woman, like Madam. 
 
 Gdhu, niaikdydti gdhu bakd kh'kerstu fuskdka ta hiimhvra, 
 maikdydn gdhu ? Will thou not be cupped, thy face is 
 swollen ? (Kr.) 
 
( 48 ) 
 
 Gada (pi. gadodi), n., hind. 
 
 Gadai, n. p., of a place. 
 
 Gaddna., tr., to execute, to prepare. 
 
 Gaddnga, n., name given to the lion in the west. 
 
 Gadaze, pi. form. Seats, thrones ; also beds. 
 
 Gaddsen seria, seat of judgment. 
 
 Gadeggi, n., a grass given to horses. 
 
 Gddo (pi. gadciya, and gaddye), n., a boar. Gaddya suna tuo 
 
 or tud, boars grunt. 
 Gddon kdra, n., a table, and gadon cimdha. 
 GaddOy n., a tree : its leaves are added to Kiinu (?) . Sleeping- 
 place of mud, hollowed beneath for fire; also made of 
 
 tukrua, or other substances. 
 Goddohiu, n., the Kabbi mark; GaddouTcu, the Zamfara 
 
 mark. 
 Gaddon macifi, literally, the serpent's bed ; the name given to 
 
 a certain herb. 
 Gaddo or Gado, and magada (pi. magadi), n., inheritance. 
 
 J)dn gddo na giddna, the heir of my property. Prov., 
 
 Gddon gidd aldla ga rdgo, the inheritance of a house is a 
 
 trouble to the sluggard. 
 Gafdye, pi. form, furrows. 
 Gdfia. See gdhia. 
 Gagagugu, as : TwdrdnJca, gagagugu howa ya sani, everybody 
 
 knows your way of coughing ; or, my way of coughing is 
 
 different from that of everybody. 
 Gcigardi^tu, n., canter ; yi gdgardptu, to canter. 
 Gdgara, to be scarce. Bawa ya gdgara ; si gdgara, it resisted 
 
 my strength. 
 Gdgawa, Psalm, xvi. 4. (John). 
 Gagira hadi, n., a large block or trunk of wood used for closing 
 
 town or city gate. 
 Gagarddddo, n., bars. 
 
 Gago (pi. gdga), n., headman of a conquered province. 
 Gainyon cedia, green. 
 
( 40 ) 
 
 Gaira, adv., less. Zdmhar, m<jtm gaira dUrin, two hundred 
 
 gaira ha, less twenty, that is, ten pounds less one. Ba 
 
 gaira, ha dalili, for no cause whatever. 
 Gaisua, add : to bid farewell. Da muka slnia kaddn mulca 
 
 gaisdsa mulca fita. 
 Gaiya, n., company, assembly. 
 Galya, as : yi gaiya, to beg for voluntary labour, as planting 
 
 or weeding a farm. Galya midgu miitdne, assembly of 
 
 bad people. (John.) 
 Galdge, n., cattle with horns bent downwards. Galdde 
 
 (perhaps galnge), add: Alia ya sdhko Alkoran, domin ^i 
 
 galgademit ; angdlgade, being warned. 
 Galan kimhuri, n., round blue bead. 
 Gdlgasa, n., a hairy person. 
 Galla, n., a small black odorous bee. 
 
 Gallo,n., add : zlkan gallo, n., bag of salt; also, salt of Timbuktu. 
 Gdlma and garma (pi. gdlmuna and galemi, n., some kind of 
 
 vegetable ; large hoe. 
 Galonci, n., imperiousness. 
 Gamd, conj., because. Gamd ni ne sdrikin ddvoa, because I 
 
 am king of the desert. 
 Gdma, tr., to finish; gdma salla, ku zdinna, agdma tiio inu 
 
 ci. Kurdi ya gdmu, the money is right, correct. 
 Gdmha, n., some sort of grass. (Br.) 
 
 Gdmbu, n., the door of a house made of wood ; malrilfen kofa. 
 Game, n., community, unity ; perhaps political community, as 
 
 pi. of tdro and masuydwa, Kr. To abuse. (John.) 
 Garni, prep., against. 
 Garni, n., pleasure, delight ; matter ; trouble ; and, Mi gdmlnki 
 
 da ydya na ? What is the matter between you and my 
 
 children ? 
 Gdmki, n., image ; zuhdhe, molten. 
 
 Gamma, intr., to meet one coming from the opposite direction. 
 
 Gdmminhdnta, n., planting two allied trees in one spot, that 
 
 they might grow up together. 
 
 H 
 
( 50 ) 
 
 Gcimo, n., rdna gamo, a day fixed, sot time. 
 
 Gamu, neuter ; ya gauiu, it is correct. 
 
 Gdnddni, n., a tree used in the dangerous arrow-poisoning of 
 
 the Madu. 
 Gandi, n., a variety of date. 
 Gane'ne, m. ganenia (pi. ganenu), seen. 
 Ganenia, visible, as : mida ganenia, visible sign. 
 Gdngami, add : Suka yi gdngami dzumi, they proclaimed a 
 
 fast. Gangdma, tr. v., to collect, to gather. 
 Gdrlgan, adua, en akesa woni gdhgan, any prayer especially 
 
 appointed. 
 Gdngare, to bend, to decline. Ya yi gdngare, it is bent in, it 
 
 declines. And, gangdre, gangdra (pi. gangdru), bent. 
 Gangaro, intr., rolling down. 
 Gdngawdri, n., a herb reported aphrodisiac. 
 Gano, to see, find, discover. Can Icetare akagdno hanya, on the 
 
 other side the female slave has been seen, discovered. 
 Gantaydn kurdi, n., instalment. 
 Gdnwo, add : or gdniia, n., pit, ditch ; also ganna, rampart, 
 
 trench. 
 Gancawa, and maigancerwa, n., hollow-backed man or animal. 
 Gdrd, ni gdrd en ^aya, I would rather stay. Gdra hdka, it is 
 
 better so. 
 Gdrd, ai gard gidd, ni gdrd takuhhe (?). Kr. 
 Gdrd, n., victuals, or choice food for a feast, implying abun- 
 dance of it. 
 Garafini, n., a bitter plant ; leaves used in sauce ; fruit i-ed 
 
 when ripe. 
 Garakuna, pi. form, shields. 
 
 Gdrama, don gdrama, kofa, n., threshold of the door. 
 Gardra kisime, i.q. makdjon gidd, n., one that has become blind 
 
 after he was grown up. 
 Gardya, n., a timbrel. 
 Gardze, n., haste. Bahd tntUiim ha si aikin gardze, an old, 
 
 or adult person, will not do a hasty or rash act. 
 
( '-^1 ) 
 
 Garho, n. p., the name of the last Hausa village in the road 
 
 from Sokotu to Timbuktu. 
 Gardi, add : garclia. (Kr.) 
 Gare (pi. gdruruka), n., white tobe. 
 Gargdsa (pi. gargcUu), n., a certain kind of fish. 
 Gari, adj., good. Sun ce si hdSe midgu mutdne, da masugarl 
 
 su zdma cikin dunia. 
 Gari, n., fish with white silvery scales and red tails. 
 Gari (pi. garurua), add : mun wuce garurua da ydiva da ban sdni 
 
 sundnsu. Har gari ya ivdye ivuta tana cin gari. Mai 
 
 gnri (pi. masugdri), n., inhabitant; also, the headman of a 
 
 place, or magistrate of a place. Ina so m hoy a magdnan 
 
 woddnsu garurua, I wish to learn the languages of some 
 
 countries. 
 Garin, the same as domi, add : garin hai kdsa, in order to reach 
 
 the land. Garin mi kin damrdre wlyanki da Igia ? 
 Gdrin dorowa, n., locust meal. New sweet yellow farina in 
 
 locust-tree pods. 
 Gdrika, n., a cultivated piece of land. 
 Garhvoye, gariwoya (pi. garhvoyai), part, adj., mingled, mixed 
 
 together. 
 Garkua, garikua and garukua, add : garikUa, shields. Kaddn 
 
 suna huga garikudnsu tana yin kdra kamdn hindiga. 
 Gdru = katdnga, n., a town wall; a town. 
 
 Garwaiya, ganwoya, tr., to mix, to knead ; mixing, knead- 
 ing. 
 Gdrivazi, add : burning coals (pi. gdrwasosin kiriyd), Psalm 
 
 cxx. 3 ; that is, coals of the kiriya-tree. 
 Gdsa, sixth form, to weary oneself. Sun gdsa Isa cikin ydki, 
 
 they wearied themselves to overcome him in the fight. 
 
 See gdza. 
 Gdsa, n., emulation, ambition, rivairj = ktsi. 
 Gdsa, tr., to roast ; to staunch as blood with heat ; to dry with 
 
 heat, as the umbilical cord. 
 Gasawa or gazawa, n. p. of a town. 
 
( r)2 ) 
 
 Gdsi, hair and plumage. 
 
 Gusi, intr., to be tired. Ya gmi da magdna. GaHsci, causative, 
 
 to cause to be tired. 
 Gdfi, 11., rump of a beast. The muscular part of an ox, near 
 
 the tail. 
 Gdbi, as : mugun gdsi, bad disposition or temper. 
 Gasiere or gasere, short. Eiga gasere (pi. riguna gasulrn). 
 
 Wdka ga^cria, short song. Ydydn roa suna da ^tiwo gdsi 
 
 dma su gasicru ne ; woni gascren dpki. 
 Gasimdre, n., an imaginary being. Sait zuazila magdna nan 
 
 ya fita, hoena anaji lahdrin ga ; da ta miitu anhewoye 
 
 ddhi nan da wuta anhonesu ; si ne gasimdre. Kana da 
 
 gasimdre baka tdlauci, sai kayimdsu tuo, ka hdtazucidnta 
 
 ta hadeka. 
 Gdsingabd, hair of pudenda. 
 Gafika (pi. gdskdni), companion, equal. 
 Gaskdnta, to certify, make sure, to establish a foot. 
 Gdskia, trust. Maigdya maka gdskia Sina nesa. 
 Gatamaraiya, pr. n. of a woman. 
 Gatdndn rdkumi da glwa ya kore {su) glwa {?). 
 Gdtandta and gdtana, m. n., tale, story, fable ; history. Gd- 
 
 tana ya fi gdtdnka. 
 Gdtana, n., boasting, glorying, pride. Fuldni ke gdtana. 
 Gdtdri, i. q., kunawal kdra, n., an earwig. 
 Gatp, n., buttock. Gati'm ddrni, Kr. ; maigaio, large runipcd, 
 
 John. Ina nan gdton. 
 Gutruni, pr. n. of a person and of a place. Gutruni garinsu 
 
 ha da qirima kwdrai ha. Su mutane 7nasucin dablno ne ; 
 
 ina tamdha ba su da gona sdi da dablno. 
 Gatta, n., the day succeeding the day after to-morrow 
 
 (Uebet lOJorgan). 
 Gdce, to slip — cildn rlzia. 
 Gaceya, n., moving out of the way. See goce. 
 Gaudawa, n., wax. 
 Gaude, n., a small tree, yellow flower ; very tough hard wood. 
 
( 53 ) 
 
 Gautan hura, wild gaiita; also ydtan kura, wild tomato. 
 
 Gawd, conj., for. 
 
 Gdwasa (pi. gdwasai and gawasiina and gawososi), n., plum, or 
 ■ some sort of stone fruit. 
 
 Gaivasa, n. pr. of a town not far from Sokotu. (Br.) 
 
 Gawp, add : Prov., Bahd gawp mdtatdra zunsdye, a large gawo- 
 tree is the gathering place of birds. 
 
 Gaya and gaiya, add : agaiya maJm, be it known unto you. 
 
 Gdya, n., damp, dampness ; any thing raw or uncooked. 
 
 Gayanydyan ydki, a band of soldiers. 
 
 Gayara, v., fatigued through hunger, 
 
 Gaza, to fail, to be languid ; to be wanting in strength ; to 
 waste away, to be exhausted. Kdrtfina ya gdza. Mutd- 
 ncn gari nan sun gdza Isa cikin ydhi, si data ya kore ydki. 
 Ya ce maindkia ranee da kuna giddn Mdmadu, sdi ya 
 gdza kprdma. Akdmi ktfi kulume dagar gdza haka nan 
 kao rdgon rua ramhnsi. Sarki ya'i dokd addmre masucaca 
 hai gdza ha adlla adda no.uyi ; liar ya zdka kusa ga gida 
 sina linkdyen godiatai. ISun ce Mdllam ka tafp ndna nga. 
 Mdllam ya tafp. Kumia kinnia, ya zdka sina kiimia ya yi 
 zamne ya gdza yin magdna ya yi siu. MaiSinkdfa mddvgun 
 yan kiji ii saftu ya gdza hai kai ha. Ya ce mdta ha ki qazi 
 ha, mutafi, sun tafi da maredlnta, ya kai har maredi ya 
 nina mdta kai kdnta ya fade, ta gdza tafia ta gdza yada 
 maredi har ta mutu, maredi ya kaseta, mlzinta, ya rufeta, 
 ya kpmp gidd. Kdrifina ya gdza, my strength faileth. 
 
 Gdza (pi. gezezi), n., a tree with small cruciate seed. 
 
 Gazawa, n., defect. 
 
 Gdze, tr., to inherit ; to possess. 
 
 Gazewa, n., inability, failure from fatigue = (/a6'ew7a. 
 
 Gdzi, i.q. gdii, to be tired ; to wax old ; exhausted. 
 
 Gdzi, tr., to succeed one in an office; ya gdzi,indtami (Kr.), 
 to inherit. Ɗon kai ka ke gdzi irdre duka. 
 
 Gazimare=saita7i, devil; some secret powerful influence. 
 
 Ghdna, n., destruction^ mischief. 
 
( 5i ) 
 
 Gbare, tr., to divide ; as fruit, seed. 
 
 Ghdri, n., half of a gora. Accident, miscarriage. 
 
 Gbdta, second form. Add, after * destroy/ to break down, to 
 
 go to ruin. 
 Gbaure (pi. ghauruha, gbaurai, gbavreka), n., some species of 
 
 fig-tree. 
 Gbdce, add : mutum nan ya gbdce (bace) cikin ddzi nan. 
 Gbaiva, n., scale. 
 Gberi, n., miscarriage, miscarry. 
 Gboyewa, n., Mding ; inurin gboyewa, hiding-place. 
 Gebe, i.q. xodwo, n., silly, senseless person. 
 Gc'dda, intr., to wag or shake the head. 
 Ge'dda, in Kabbi, the name of a long ground-nut. 
 Gc'duwa, n., a disease which causes toes and fingers to fall off. 
 
 Maigeduwa, one who has the ge'duwa. 
 Gemen Imsu, n., a grass with white awns. Gemen mdsdra, n., 
 
 the long silky hairs of Indian corn ; also gerazal, or gozel, 
 
 Mdsarata tandfito da genie. . 
 Gcndama (pi. gmdamai), n., a bottle calabash, 
 Gmgedi, n., nodding. 
 Genno, n., a large foul-smelling ant. 
 Gera, u., a small addition to the purchased article for the good 
 
 of buyer. 
 Gfh'dama ; add to the meaning there given, ' to contradict.' 
 Gerdi, n., dainties. 
 
 Gerka and gerhiia (pi. gerhi), n., shield. 
 
 Gerko, pr. n. Birni kusa ga Kano, name of a town near Kano. 
 Gerkwwa, n., a horse whose left foot is white. 
 Gero, u., a small grain, millet. Gero maildo, corn that bears 
 
 well, and is fully ripe. (John). Piov., Tdha tdhan bdida 
 
 tugarl gero. 
 6r i^r^rr, add : to improve. Miitdne nan ba sa sdni ba karndda 
 
 zdsii gerta dunid. 
 Getton kiine, n., the hollow behind the ear; the peroneum, 
 
 bottom of any thing, like gnzu. 
 
( 55 ) 
 
 Geiuoye^ add : circuinveut. 
 
 Geya (?) zdni 7jm rdmua geya ga mala ina. Bennett (Isaiah i,, 24). 
 
 Gezzagz£e= gergazG, n., light, small rain clouds. 
 
 Giara, as sallon giara, n., feast of dedication. 
 
 Gidra, adv., rather, in preference. Giara kdzwa da tumzere, I 
 would rather have corruptions than yaws. Giara or gouma, 
 hu tdfi Jcogi, ritan rizia ha Si ischi, you should rather go to 
 the river, the water of the well is not sufficient. Comp. gara. 
 
 Gidd (pi. giddSe), add : giddse nagarigaru, very beautiful or 
 good houses. Gidd dogdye (pi. giddse dpgayeyu), high 
 house. Gidd naha slda masidi ne ; irin giddse nan, ha 
 mu da su. Gidd nan akagi7iaH ga tdlahdwa. Gezera ta 
 Tee tdha mutum ha si Tcwdna, ha si gdni rdna. 
 
 Gidihi (pi. gidiba), n., kidney = Z;i6'p'da. 
 
 Gido, pr. n. of a man. 
 
 Gigary n., heavy leg-irons. 
 
 Gigi, n., being toothless. Mi or maigigi, one having no teeth, 
 
 Giginia, giginya {p\. giginypyi and giginai; and Br.,. gigma), 
 n., debeb palm, Ƙr. 
 
 Gigita, intr., to be inebriated or drunk. 
 
 Gigice, intr., to astonish one. 
 
 Gigiwa, n., trouble^ inconvenience, molestation ; heady, 
 headstrong. Woddnga ydra da gigiwa su he. 
 
 Gilgizize, gilgizaziya (pi. gilgizizii), shaken. 
 
 Gilm^, n., cross of any kind. Gilma, road-crossing. Ifaigil- 
 mawa, one crossing. Tr. v., to crucify. 
 
 Gimha, n., large-sized white seed bead. 
 
 Ghndimi, n., forest. 
 
 Gindi, n., spine. 
 
 Gini, n., a hole. Ai gini hai yi ziirfa ha, I say the hole is 
 not deep enough. 
 
 Girdza, n., mane of gera. 
 
 Girhi, tr., to clean, to weed. 3Ia girhi g&na (Br.), to reap, 
 cut down; n., harvest = iu</ca. 
 
 Glrihi and yi girihi, to reap. 
 
( 5G ) 
 
 Girhna, Intr., to grow, to be or grow larger. Referring to age, 
 ya girhneni, he is older than I, Ya girhna kdnsa garcni, 
 he magnified himself against me. Kwdria tana giriina ga 
 c'thin gpnaki. Anpta irin diimma, en sun girima da su 
 nina aciresu. Sdma tdma dan rmifum ya girtma, dan zdki 
 ya girhna, su duka bid sun girima. Other forms, as girin- 
 girima, and girinrima. Masdkim itdce da girinrima ko suna 
 da girinrima, large wooden vessels. Bdhu girima, 
 dishonour, or without honour. Maigiriman kai (pi. masu), 
 high-minded, proud, insolent person. Sunyi girhnna kai. 
 
 Girike, n., some kind of tobe or large gown, like a surplice. 
 
 Girke or gerke, n., fold, herd. 
 
 'Girkeke, girkekiya (pi. girkeku), closed, fastened. 
 
 Girimgece, n., the cartileges of the ribs; breast-bone. 
 
 Giriman kai, n., pride, self-importance. 
 
 Girke, tr. v., to throttle one. 
 
 Girma, n., glory. Girmdma, to exalt. 
 
 Girze and kirze, n., scabs on horses and dogs ; girzen dpki and 
 karre. 
 
 Giro, n., hair. Maiglro, one possessed of hair ; adv., hairy. 
 
 Girsa, tr., to cut small with an axe or knife ; to hurry-skurry ; 
 to be unprepared, unready. 
 
 Gisima, n., glory. 
 
 GiSiri, pi. form giSirai, gisdre, gisirori, gisasdri, and gisiira, n., 
 salt. Da suna yin ivdkdnsu har su side gi^irai, sit sai^esu 
 ga cikin Timbuktu. Dag a, enna ka sdye gisirhika ? Dagd 
 kdsudn Gdnde. Pro v., Mutum da gisirmsa U kan ddffa 
 kdfp, A man may cook horns in his own salt. 
 
 Gizdgo, n., an instrument like a gong, with a crooked handle. 
 
 Gizzo, n., abundance of long hair on a man's head, like the 
 Ahzendiva, or a gardi or gn'di. 
 
 Gphara, add : akdse gohava, extinguish the fire. Prov., Gidd 
 hiu mdganln gphara. 
 
 Gohir, pr. n. of a town and district. Ɓa Gphiri, native of 
 Gobir. 
 
( 57 ) 
 
 Gobo and gofo. Kr., hafo goho (?). 
 
 Gohriy n., a common mat. 
 
 Gobro, n., a bachelor. Gohro ya ci hosi ana gand laifinai. 
 
 Wonda suya cl yan, sdi zlhi si cz. Maimdce data aholdn 
 
 gohro ne. Mutum hiti ha mugdni wonda ya yi arzihi 
 
 cikinsu, da gohro da dan cdca, 
 Gohso, u., a bachelor. 
 Gohurimce, n., a palace. 
 Goda, add : to expose ; to try as by experiment ; to meet out ; 
 
 to search out. 
 Goda, n., a small hand-bell =^orie ; any small bell ; horse-bell. 
 G6da = tdmhc2ya, tr., to examine. 
 Godawa, n., joint, section. 
 Godda, n., a coarse white cloth. 
 Ggdda, iv., to measure, to weigh; to compare, to try, to 
 
 appear; and (in the west), to show, to indicate = n^?ia. 
 
 Maigodda (pi. masugodda), one who measures, appears, 
 
 shows, &c. 
 Godda (pi. goddodi), n., a general name for butterfly, moth, 
 
 dragon-fly. 
 Godda, n., some species of deer. 
 Gododi, n., a bull of a large size (Kr). 
 Gpge, add : to rub out. 
 Gogi and goge, n., a musical instrument with several strings, 
 
 harp, violin. Maigoge, the player or possessor of the goge. 
 Gogofa, n., trot. 
 
 Goiwa, n., elephantiasis in a woman; goice, in a man. 
 Gojia, n., ground-nut. 
 Golgodo, n., measuring, pointing out, as the seasons. Golgodo 
 
 loJcaci. Golgodo, n., measuring, extent. Ta yi golgodon 
 
 Tidriflnta, she did what she could, went to the extent of 
 
 her strength. DauJci golgodon kdrlflnka. 
 Golgoda, the place rich in gold. Gold Coast (?). 
 Golizi, n., a little hand-bell. Anaddmrewa ga hunsuru. 
 Gomia idra, n., ninety. 
 
 I 
 
{ 58 ) 
 
 Golma, n., a hoe. 
 
 Gomhi, dam gomhi (?) . Kr. 
 
 Gommi, n., club, stick, post. 
 
 Gomzaki, n., morning-star. 
 
 Gpnda. .See Br., vol. ii., page 12. 
 
 Gonda, rather. Gonda hakim hante da cirdra. 
 
 Gpndo (pi. gonduna), n., a fish of the eel species; so likewise 
 hukuma (pi. left nlcumai) , Kr. 
 
 Gondoy pr. n., the Gold Coast, where the Hausa buy their 
 favourite kola-nut. Br., vol. ii,, page 262. But see Gonf a 
 or Gonsa. 
 
 Ggngola, n., a kind of rush-rope for tying rafters. 
 
 Ggngoleta, n., a monkey with green skin and black tail. 
 
 Gojii, add : Prov., Goni na gumana onaci hoi da gatari. Ama 
 daidnsu goni Si ke ga hdlbin bindiga. Da goni hd iaicsai, 
 very pitiful, miserable. Mtddnen kdsa nan goncii su ke. 
 
 Goninta, tr., to boast of. Gonlntdsa, his brightness, cunning. 
 Some other sentences : Har yame makidna su yi 
 mdni gonmta? How long shall my enemies triumph 
 over me ? Yi gonmta, kadcl makidna su yi gonmta 
 gareni. Yi gonmta, to exact. N., skill, cleverness, 
 dexterity. 
 
 Gonsa, n. pr., a town far from Timbuktu, rich in kola-nuts. 
 An extensive trade is carried on in these nuts as far as the 
 Hausa country. Ggnza, a market-place near the Gold 
 Coast, where the Hausa purchase their kola-nuts (John). 
 
 Gpra (pi. gprina), n., a fishing-basket. 
 
 Gora, n., female friend. Coitus. 
 
 Goran hdnci, n., bridge of the nose. 
 
 G(jra, n., an old name for bow in Kabbi. Eeed, rod. 
 
 Ggreha, n., commonly called ginger-bread tree. Br., vol. ii., 
 
 page 13. By others, ggriha (pi. gprihai and gpribghi). 
 Ggro (pi. gpra), n., kola-nut. Fdrin gpro, white. Gpro na 
 tdmhdya, the gpro of asking, that is, for the hand of a 
 girl from her parents. 
 
( S9 ) 
 
 Garzo, the same as gijunda and koto, great, large, strong, heavy 
 muscular person. PI. gomai and gordze. 
 
 Gosi, n., forehead; point. Cf. sina f/dsin tdsi, on the point of 
 starting. 
 
 Gosi, n., bacon. Bk., the name of a tree bearing an edible fruit. 
 
 Goce and gauce, tr.^ to move aside or out of the way of any one 
 or thing, as an arrow, ball or blow. Goceija, n., moving 
 out of the way of any thing. Ya goce cikin rlzia, he 
 slipped into the well. 
 
 Goze, n., a title of salute for Kaura. 
 
 Gozi, n., a very lax-ge kind of pumpkin. 
 
 Goya, tr., to nourish ; to bring up, make great. 
 
 Goyo, tr., to suckle a child. Ta yi goyo seJcdra biii ta gdye. 
 
 Goyo (pi. gpyeyehi), n., head of Indian corn. Goyo masdra, 
 Egyptian corn. 
 
 Gudhi, adj., stout, thick, fat. Akwia ha cikijina mdsugudhi. 
 
 Giiama{a = mata = mapi', n., pressure. 
 
 Guana, n., a stinking beetle. 
 
 Gudza (pi. gudzuna and gudzoyi), n., sweet potato, the same as 
 rpgo. Gudzuna and gudzozi also occurs for plum. 
 
 Guha, n., poison. Guhan kumurce, adder's poison. 
 
 Guda, n., sign or mark in reading or writing ; it means a full- 
 stop. (Kr.) 
 
 Guda, add : kdnena guda, my only brother. Ya rdsu da ydki, 
 was lost in war. 
 
 Guda, n., cvjmg out; exclaiming with joy; yi giida, to cry, 
 exclaim for joy. Lia jl guda rerereu, they are repeated 
 rapidly as many times as the performer likes, but it must 
 end in u — I hear a shout of joy going on, on, on, rererereru ! 
 
 Guddna, tr., to execute, to happen, to follow. Don agudana 
 hisdnsii hakumci da anrubuta. Yause zdka gudana hakunci 
 ga masuhclsaddna. ? When wilt thou execute judgment on 
 them that persecute me ? Ahin da ya guddna, What has 
 happened ? 
 
 Gudawa, n., running issue of any kind ; flood, diarrhoea. To 
 
( CO ) 
 
 fulfil, to perform. Tho form gudanasdii also occurs in the 
 
 sentence, ya gudandsda hakumci. 
 Gudo, intr., to flow out. 
 Guduma=gualmo=^tdzifa sdho. Kr. 
 Gudumowa, gudumua, n., help, assistance. Da gudnmoivan 
 
 masukdrifi hamdnwutan kestu, and the help of the strong 
 
 is as the fire of the flint, that is, as a mere spark. Dowry, 
 
 Zomhas metin ankai mdta gudumua, 200,000 cowries were 
 
 sent to her as a dowry. 
 Gudun fdga, running a race. 
 Gugu, the sanle as ddma, to be better. Tana da gicgu, da yana 
 
 da ddma, su diika hiu, daia ne. Ba si da gugu. 
 GUgua, n., whirling dust. Hiska ya dauko gugua, the wind has 
 
 brought a whirlwind. 
 GUgutu (pi. gugutai), n., injection ; enema. Ahin gugutai, or 
 
 kvooria guguta, that is, bladder, calabash, or instrument 
 
 used. 
 Guibi, n., dregs. 
 Guiwdn hdnu, n., elbow. 
 
 Gidbi, n., the socket of the eye. Prov., Gulbin ido ba Ido ne ba. 
 Gulli, n., uncircumcision. 
 Guluba, n. p., the name given to Sir John Glover by Hausa 
 
 policemen or soldiers. Eko wurin Guluba, Lagos, the 
 
 place of Sir John Glover. Mu uku mun yi bdki daia ko 
 
 mun yi gdma baki, mun gudu. Mu mutdne arbain da 
 
 fudu ; mun tdmhdya Guluba munaso mu koma gidd. Ya 
 
 ce, to, sina da kydo. 
 Gumdgumai, n., large beams. Wonan gumdgumdi da suka 
 
 sdro ! such large beams as they have cut ! 
 Gumki (pi. gumakai or gumikai), n., idol, graven image. 
 Gumel, also Gumiel, the name of a town. Ya yi nesa daga 
 
 birninmu, Kano, kwdnaki govia sa bidl. 
 Gumi, n., heat, especially of the sun. Gumi na ztla kumdfa, it 
 
 is going to be warm again. 
 Gumslki, n., buttress. 
 
( 61 ) 
 
 Gii7i=gd, to; adv., after. Talauci yi { = ija = ^i) han ma'ida hai 
 maibla gun mutdne, poverty causes them to dissemble (be- 
 come a time-server), to follow after men, that is after others. 
 
 Gunaguni, intr., to grumble, reduplicate. V., of which there 
 is no simple foim. 
 
 Gundna. Prov., Goni na gundna mdce hoi da gdtari, He is 
 master of his art, that can break an egg with an axe. 
 
 Gunbin hdtu, commencement of a disease. 
 
 Gundu-=gandu, n., tax, tribute. 
 
 Gundumi, n, p., the desert of Gundumi. (Br.) 
 
 Gungiimey n., timber, a piece of wood cut off a tree ; trunk of 
 a tree. 
 
 Gunna, n., melon, Br. ; kolquinthe, Kr. 
 
 Gunsul ; the same as Consul. 
 
 Gun^dri, n., curd of milk if hard. 
 
 Guntun ahu, n., fragment or fraction of something. 
 
 Gunydye, pi. form, sisters. 
 
 Gunzu, n., a mouse. 
 
 Gtira, n., a light-coloured sandy-brown horse. 
 
 Gurdra, n., a rider, in Zalbi. 
 
 Gurdra, n., leather bag for load for oxen or camels. 
 
 Gurdsa dunkuldtu, n., loaves of bread. 
 
 Gurdse and gurdje, n., haste ; da gurdse, with haste, soon. 
 
 Giwbi, n., pair. Word like hufai, socket. 
 
 Gurgusa, tr. and intr., to reel to and fro. Su gurgusa wuri nan 
 da wuri can, they stagger like a drunken man. Ɗami 
 hamdn maiydwdn m. 
 
 Guri, intr., to be proud, to boast, Ya yi magdna da guri. 
 
 Gurma, adj., lame; also gtirmu (pi. gurdgu). 
 
 Gurmunta, n., tricks. DoM Sina gurmunta. Br. 
 
 Guru, n., girdle of leather, grass or fibres twisted and worn 
 round the loins. 
 
 Gurumfa, n., a hat ; i. q. mulufa. 
 
 Gusa, n., an animal called shame in Sierra Leone ; it has scales, 
 and is about two feet long. (John.) 
 
( 02 ) 
 
 Gusa and gulgusa, intr. and tr., to move a little, to give way, 
 
 make room. Gusawa, n., moving a little ; gusa gahd, 
 
 to move forward. 
 Gusasari (pi. gusare), n., a bit, little piece, morsel. 
 Guso, intr., to come forward. 
 
 Gusu, prep., under ; tana gusun rCikumi, under a camel. 
 Guze or guzi, as the final <_> in the Arabic Alphabet. 
 Guze, intr., to vanish, to disappear, to depart or flee from. 
 
 Kivdnakina suna guzewa kdmdn enud. A«lso guje, to run 
 
 away ; another form is gtidu. 
 Gmeguze, as yenke guSeguze, cut into small pieces. 
 Gu^eiva, or gdzeiva, n., wanderings ; the same as guzewa, 
 
 flittings (Psalm Ivi. 8, by John). 
 Guzia tudha, guzia fdse, guzial zugun, in Kabbi the name of 
 
 a round red ground-nut. 
 GuSibn, n. p. of a town near Lake Tshad, between Kamun and 
 
 Mandara. Dorugu : Ɗa muka zdmne cikin GuSiha, wota- 
 
 kUa wata daia, muka tdSi, muka tcuce, maka tdfi ga woni 
 
 garl, na mdnce sfmdnsa, ina tamnha iniddne Mdndara su ke. 
 Giizu, n., loins, stump, trunk of a tree. Kadd abl gusdnsa, let not 
 
 the cause be traced, Guzun itdce, trunk, thickness of a tree. 
 Guzumd, n., old or lean beast, as horse or cow. 
 Guze, to flee from. 
 Gwdda, n., wild anana in Kabbi. 
 Gwaiwa, n., swelling of testicles. 
 Gwdmi, u., lameness as of a bent hand or foot ; bandy legs, 
 
 tnaigwani. 
 Gwanda masar, n., Egyptian * pawpaw.' 
 Gwari, pr. n., the country of Ebari. 
 Gwaskd, n., an ordeal water used by pagans and given to 
 
 witches to drink, called sassy- water along the coast. 
 Gwasi, n., a sore ; gwasin dainya, fresh sores. 
 Gwdza, n., yam. 
 
 Givinki, n., oaks ; terebinth. (Isaiah i. 29.) Bennett. 
 Gwgmmi, an elderly woman, matron. 
 
( 03 ) 
 
 Gwuntn (pi. gwiintai), n., remainiug portion ; fragment. 
 
 Gydza and gyazsa, intr., to belch. 
 
 Gyende=gorza=kdto, great, large, strong, heavy, muscular 
 
 person. 
 Gyenduiva=kdtuwa, n., a strong, muscular woman. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hdba, n., cheek, cheek-bone. 
 
 Hdba ! interj., dear me ! really ! Hciha agdya hoha mdgani ! 
 
 Why does the physician want any explanation about 
 
 medicine ? 
 Hahdrta and haberta, tr., to publish, to preach, to show forth, 
 
 exhibit, declare ; to warn, forewarn ; to notify, give notice. 
 Eabertdwa, n., warning, forewarning; maihaberta (pi. masu-), 
 
 one who warns, &c. 
 Haherti, m., habercia, f. (pi. hahertn), warned, &c. 
 Hdbri, the same as harbi, tr., to kick, like a horse ; i. q. mrt. 
 
 In the sentence : Ya yi mdha wuya ha harbi gdbo ga hai- 
 
 yoyi. (Acts ix. 5.) Bk. 
 Haddha (pi. JiaddJcu), n., a stranger. 
 Hadas, with ice, some kind of tree. 
 Hdggu, n., a small spear or dart for fish. 
 Hdgu, i. q. hauni, adj., left; hdgu hdnfi, left hand. En hun ga 
 
 ifnutum sirmiru, leu Jean ma'isesi hamdn maici tuo da hdqu. 
 Haiba, n., ornament, beauty ; haiba fdr-M, beauty of holiness. 
 Hd:ife, add : anhaife, inperf . pass. Mu woddnan uhu anha'ifemu 
 
 ga garl data. Da wdtani sun cilia ydrinia ta hdifu dd 
 
 namlzi ; rndtd ivocan ta hdifu ddnta. Woddnta ahd ha'ifesu 
 
 mdha a giddnTca, da ivoddnda almsdyesu da kurcUnka. 
 
 John gives haifu for ' conception.' En haifi abu da cikina 
 
 si fi kdrijina ? 
 Haila, wonki, kdfa, aldda mUta, referring to the menses. 
 Haiyaki, n., smoke, fog. 
 Hailun, n., craft, wile, cunning. 
 Haiyeta, tr., to trouble, to annoy. 
 
( 64 ) 
 
 Haira, n., a bassom. 
 
 Hdka, conj., don haka, for this I'oasou, therefore. 
 
 Hdka, conj., thus, in this way, or manner. Hdka zdmu kdrhd- 
 
 reda kumd ? Is that the way in which we are going to 
 
 part after all ? 
 Hdka, tr., to excavate ; to garnish. Ya gina rami ya hdkasi. 
 Hakdnhja, n,, white specks in the ejes, = cauri. 
 Hdkarikdri, n., rib, side bone. 
 Hakia (or ?) walkilili, the white spot on the eye caused by the 
 
 small-pox, and said to be cured by the gall of the stork. 
 Hahlka, n., truth, affirmation. Adverbially used, truly, 
 
 certainly ; pure, unadulterated, as silver. Tiifufinta duka 
 
 suna da zindria hakika ; taimdko hakika. Haklkan wonan 
 
 Annahi ne. 
 Hakpra, n., teeth. Maihakora, one possessed of, full of teeth ; 
 
 and hakpri, as pi. form — Gaiwo tana da hakori kdmdn 
 
 kane. 
 Ha&umci, n., judgment, equity. 
 Hakumta, add to the meaning, " event, purpose, ordinance." 
 
 Alia ya gdma wonan hakumci, God accomplished that 
 
 event, or this purpose. 
 HaJcurdu, pr. n. of a male. 
 
 Hakurse, tr., to comfort. Yause zdka hakurSeni. 
 Hdlaka, n., destruction. Tr. v., to destroy, to perish ; dofi si 
 
 hdlaka H, that he might destroy it. Si hdlaka lalatdtu 
 
 mutdnc, he will destroy these miserable beings. 
 Halaldka, intensive form ; be sure to cut off, to destroy 
 
 utterly ; to perish. 
 Halal, add : halal ne, ni yi ndgarl, ko <hi yi mugu ? 
 Haldlci, n., pureness, purity. 
 Haldma, perhaps, it may be, or I expect. Wilri da hdki 
 
 haldma ? Ai kd/igo ne. 
 Halas, n., honesty ; and adv., honestly. Ya yi riga na lialas. 
 llalhl, n. ; add : to sting as serpents or insects. Domi ha su 
 
 da sdnu daydwa a Lokoja ? Don ha an, yi yaican rdi nan. 
 
( 05 ) 
 
 Akoi cidwa da ydiva da ddwa da rogo, dma Icuda su han 
 
 halbesu ; halhin Jcfida nan Sina da dej/l, Jco saniimi. 
 Halesu, pr. n., Elijah. 
 E(di, loud {"?). 
 
 Ealia, n., quality, attribute, state, condition. 
 UdlUyXx., nature, character, disposition, habit. Ya daiihi mugun 
 
 /irtZZt, he took to bad habits. Ildllin dUnid ke nan. Mai- 
 
 hdlli ha si heri halUnsa. 
 Ualita, n., congregation ; creation. 
 SdUin rdgo, n., ram's-tongue. The name given to a small herb ; 
 
 an infusion of its leaves is used to bathe the feet in 
 
 an attack of rheumatism and other affections. HdUin ice, 
 
 pi. halusdn ice. HdUin algus, deceitful tongue. 
 Hdma, yiii hdma, to gape. 
 Haviariia or hamaruwa, pr. n., a town on the river Benue. 
 
 (Br., vol. ii., p. 464; Crowther's Journal, 1854_, p. 86.) 
 Hdmbudiga, n., a disease causing painful cracking of skin in 
 
 under-joints of the little toe. 
 Hamlya, n., one that is struggling for something, as power or 
 
 place. 
 namsdmia, n., five hundred. And hamsa minya. Kurdinsa 
 
 ya ft taldtawa hamsdmia, the value of it is more than 
 
 S500 cowries = Is. 9d. 
 Hdngara, n., the swelling caused by the guinea-worm ; beetle. 
 Handniya. Mihandniya Jco mihdnhali ivdze daia, a person with 
 
 one eye. 
 Hdnlca, tr., to chastise ; yi hdnlca, to act madly. 
 Sanhadey tr. v., to open, as a house- door. 
 HankaltilOy n., some kind of sword. 
 Hdhliilri, add: to be cautious; endeavour to resti-ain oneself. 
 
 A^na Jcoda Sina sd zucidnsa ga lidiihuri, iddnnnsa svn cUai 
 
 da hdwaye. Ji hdnkuri da loohdlla. Enda maigudu ya 
 
 je en anhdnhura maitdfia Jiud. 
 Hdnca (pi. hancosi), n., female breast, udder. 
 Ildnci, n., the morning sun. Ildnci maso {?) gahahd ha si da 
 
 K 
 
( GG ) 
 
 dddi, tlie morning sun is not pleasant, especially to the 
 
 aged. Sanu ! hdnci ya hugelca ! 
 Ilancia hati'/re, n., red cylindrical bead. 
 Ildncin hadde, n., clov er = kanunfar. 
 Hdnu, n., hand. Slna da ydki a hdnUy he has war in hand, or is 
 
 engaged in war. 
 Hdnu (pi. hdnayc), n., a sleeve. 
 Hdnilu glwa, n., trunk of an elephant. Also the name given to 
 
 a large and tall variety of dawa. 
 Hanun rilvm, n., a fruit somewhat resembling the goro-nut, 
 
 brought to Hausa over the Atlantic Ocean. 
 Hanzdri, n., a small instrument for extracting thorns ; hanccld, 
 
 n., pincers. 
 Hanzdri, intr., to hasten, to run quickly. 
 Har or hal, conj. and adv., till, until ; already, as soon as ; 
 
 to such a length or degree. Su yi fata har su sdre 
 
 zundnsu da taJcohi. Scii i wnsu liar su hoves^i. Ta lidma 
 
 hainya har ziid hirni nan. Suka ce da si : har ha two wdiiha 
 
 h) ? Hdkanan hud hdbu hoiva da ya tdfi ga hdnsi, ko 
 
 Sdnr'iidn doki rdna p'lka ke nan. 
 Hdram, add : what is sacred or forbidden, unlawful. 
 Hardma, tr., to prepare, make ready as for a journey ; to 
 
 purpose. 
 Hardmia, n., abomination; uncleanness. 
 Hardra, to hope ; hardran ido, high look ; a look of reproof ; 
 
 ga yuro nugarl hardra yafl duka. 
 Ilardwa, n. Prov., Alia H kai d(.mmo ga hardwa ko ha ci, u 
 
 hirginia. 
 Hdrhi. See hahri. 
 
 Ildrgi (pi. harguna and hargogi), a small fish. 
 Ildrgnwa, n., contention, commotion ; clamour, tumult, uproar. 
 Uarifi, n., letter, 23ud)ftabc. Also harufi, (pi. han'ifa, harufai, 
 
 harufofi), Alphabet, 
 Harigi, n., a spear for fish. 
 Hariya, u., a small fish, similar to one found in the Nile. 
 
( C7 ) 
 
 Hdruga, n., harpoon for alligators. 
 
 Ilaruna, pr. n., Aaron. The name of a fine leafy tree. (Br., 
 
 vol. iv., p. 264.) 
 Ilarynn, adv., agaiu, further. Compound form, until to-day. 
 Hdsa, tr., to light. Aina en ahdsa cilclnsa ya fdije dddin zdma. 
 Hdsada, n., malice ; feeling of envy or dislike to any one ; 
 
 v., to persecute. 
 Hasdla, n., anger, wrath, indignation, displeasure. 8un sdH 
 
 hasdla, they provoked him to anger. Nostrils. 
 Haskdha, tr., to enlighten {idc'inu), to shine upon. 
 Hdskara, tr., to scrape something. 
 Hassa = har sap uku. 
 Hdsdra, n., misfortune, accident. 
 Ilasara, to look intently, to gaze at. 
 Hassali, sense = hdhkali. Mailidssall, one that understands 
 
 how to explain a thing. 
 ndtumi and hatimi, n., seal ; sealing the stone. 8uka sd sai- 
 
 dan hdtiimi hisa ga duci. 
 Hdciya, n., a kind of satin-like barage ; figured satin. 
 Haiula? Bature na Ivinda kdya alkHmali zan zdki. (Kr.) 
 Hiiitka, to be mad. 
 
 Haukata,to heighten, to riseaspassion; tobe or feign oneself mad. 
 Hailni = Jid(jii, adj., left. Hauni hdnu ko hdgii, the left hand. 
 Saunwawa (pi. haimwoine), n., chameleon. 
 Hauri, n., tusks of elephants. 
 Hame, fourth form of ' have ' and ' had,' causative, to mount on 
 
 horseback, to help or cause to mount. En tdfi en hami'ka 
 
 hisa sd. (Kr.) 
 Hau^i, add. : Boh kadd ku ji hami, that ye should not be 
 
 offended. Ahin da ya hdni Kami, that which grieves me. 
 Hauya, numeral twenty. 
 Hai'iya (pi. hauyi, havyuna, and havyoyi), n., hoe. Hanyan 
 
 noma, plough. 
 Hdica, and fiau, tr., to mount, to ascend. Ma{-{p\. masvhdwa), 
 
 one that mounts, ascends. JIaihdwdn doklnsa ya yi kdmdn 
 
( 08 ) 
 
 mutdno diihn goma, liis cavalry force consisted of ten 
 
 thousand. Hawdm ha dddl ha. 
 Uawa, n., firmament. 
 
 Hawainia, the chameleon. Ilawainia ha ta tafia, sai ta yi adiid. 
 Hawardf'gi, n., tongs ; hcinun hawardegi, the handle of the tongs. 
 HawdyenzdJci, n., red-fleshed pumpkin. 
 Haydnia, n., palaver, noise^ contention, disturbance, dispute, 
 
 suit, lawsuit. Example : Na jl anahaydnia wpze ydn:n. 
 
 En mace ta yi la/fi ta cl hdsi, en anJcat wilrin maigaH, en 
 
 arikdre seridnta da masuhlnta hdsi tana cpwa : haydnidta 
 
 ya (ta) kdre. 
 Ilaydki, n., smoke; ahin haydki, incense. 
 Hdye, to fall on ; ya hciye mdsu. 
 Hazetu, n., the vowels. (John.) 
 Iledda, n., partition of reeds inside the house. 
 Hihrinci, n., Hebrew language. 
 
 Hikima, fahamiy hudi, sani, hunkali, all given for 'Avisdom.' 
 Ilila, n., bribe. 
 
 Ililacij n., deceiving, telling falsehoods. 
 Himhudiga. See hamhudiga. 
 Hindi, n., prickly pears. 
 Hirsa, n., white muslin. 
 Iliska, m. and f., wind. 
 
 Hicef n., a cake in Zaria made with water and meal. 
 Hola, n., the same as maiwa. 
 Homa, n., hand-net for near shore. 
 Hude^fiide, tr., to bore. 
 Hukamci (?). Si ke hukumci da si. (Kr.) 
 IIuniaH or humuH, n., custom, tribute, tax, toll. 
 Hummi, n., suburbs. 
 Hummi, n., one fifth (-^). 
 Hura, intr., to leap. 
 Huruci, n., acknowledgment, confession, Na yi huruci, I 
 
 acknowledge, confess. 
 Huca, n,, viciousness, wildness, hot temper. 
 
( GO ) 
 
 lluza, n., clianccs/opportuuities of doing, effecting, or perform- 
 ing some act or deed. Yana da hitza. 
 Ildzi, n., pilgrimage. Wonda ya U'iji hdzi, mi ztUi yi da dukia ? 
 
 I, tr., to conquer, to overcome. Wota rdna hu l mdsu, some- 
 times they overcome them ; to prevail. 
 
 J, suffix pron., 3rd pers. siug., him, her, it. En ya (jirhna 
 ahai mdllami, when he is grown up, let Idm be given to 
 the priest. Ki hani rua em hai dohina, give me water to 
 give it to m J horse. 
 
 I, adv., yes. En del kin ce, i, if only you say j^es. 
 
 Ida, as : (hi Ida sdTco, to deliver a message. 
 
 Ido (pi. iddnu), n., an eye, a cowry. Ba ni da ido hiii, I have 
 not two cowries. 
 
 Idha and iyaka, add : line, measuring line. 
 
 Ihcida, n., devotion. (2(nba(i)t.) 
 
 Ihdda, n., a species of cowslip = .saZZa. 
 
 Ihi, n., another name for ggro, kola-nut. 
 
 Iddn, adv. and conj., when. Iddn sun zo mdllami ya basic 
 Jcardtu, when they came the priest gave them instructions. 
 
 Iddnu and idaniya, pi. forms of ido, n., eye. Haniran ido, 
 high look. 
 
 Iderisa, pr. n., the patriarch Enoch ; contracted Idi. Also the 
 old name for he-goat. 
 
 Idi, n., a feast. 
 
 Ida (pi. iddnu, and idanlya), add : Idon rua, n., spring, 
 fountain. Sina da habdn ido, da iddnu bald, he has a large 
 eye or eyes, that is, is highminded, greedy ; rilan ido, 
 watering eyes, that is, longing eyes. Lea tana da ruan 
 ido, Leah having a watery eye — Bk.'s translation, for which 
 I give dainyu iddnu, which means ' sore eyes.' 
 
 Idon zaura, n., a kind of cloth, of native manufacture, which 
 is also called hehe idon zaura. 
 
( 70 ) 
 
 Igipyin tailci, bands of heavy burdens. 
 
 Ih), n., power, autbority. 
 
 Ikontdha, n., arbitrary or nub'mited power and authority. 
 
 " Scrkl kan sina so ^l yi hakiunci ya itiiltani kilnda si ke so, 
 
 si ke ikpntdka." 
 lldha, pr. n., Ɗi-ana. 
 
 Illaze, n., deer. Illaze da ya zahura Uar yafddi 
 Iliyasu, pr. n., Elisha. 
 Imdna. Kan sun fl hokoiimdnan ; Der alte Kouigs-Stamm in 
 
 der Stammgenossenschaft der Tuarek von Azzer ; daia 
 
 ciklnsii si (ya) mutii mutudii Alia, one of them died a 
 
 natural death. (Kr.) 
 Tma, to conquer, to prevail over. Na imdsa or na I mdsa. 
 Imdni, n., creed and faith. John. 
 
 Imhdntala, tr., to button; imhdntali, tr., to unbutton (?). 
 Imrdta, ivonda akafitas dagd jiki-n wuui. 
 Jn=(Jn=an, the last, by Bk. 
 Ind, n., mother. Ba komi ni ke tuna, kilka nan da na iva 
 
 ind, I remember nothing but tho tears I caused to my 
 
 mother. 
 Ina = ena = enna. 
 
 Ingatdce, sound, perfect, solid, genuine. 
 Indna, n., red fruit ant. 
 Inda:=enda ; inda dari, inda rua, whether it be cold or ruiu. 
 
 (Kr.) 
 Indan=idan, conj. and adv., if, when. 
 Ingiroci or ngirici, n., hay, dried grass. 
 Inlna, n., stammer, stutter; an impediment or hesitation in 
 
 speech. 
 Inontdka, n,, arbitrary or unlimited power. Example : Sdrki 
 
 kan miUum, kdndu si ke so, the king deals Avith a man as 
 
 he likes. 
 Inna, sing, and pi., mother's sister, elder or younger. 
 In. See tyo, to swim. 
 Isa and issa, intr., it is enough, sulhcient. 
 
( 71 ) 
 
 Isdsc, m., isdsla, f. (pi. Lsd^n), sufficient. 
 
 Iske, intr., to happen, to meet. 
 
 Isp, intr., to arrive at, to approach. MidduG suna cewa, 
 
 masuzdmne su iso. 
 Ise, intr., to meet with, to come up to. Ta iSe sahahe (Kr.), 
 
 to be or have enough. En aiki hai 2^e ha ha, tdfi <ja ailcin 
 
 anasdra, Tea ko^i da aikl ydnzu. 
 Isia, n., eye ; hence cowry, from its hkeness to the eye. And 
 
 izia. Mai Izia giidd, one-eyed person. 
 Ita, Isaiah i. 2 ? (Bennett.) 
 Icen zahih, n., a vine. 
 Icen zdto, n., a wood of wonderful properties for increasing 
 
 and multiplying. 
 Icen gpro, a wood said to be brought from beyond the sea : 
 
 when hewn it is white, then turns red. 
 Icen hindiga, n., a,ram.rod^tahdriya. 
 
 Iiva, n., a shrub of the woody twigs of which asiheri is made. 
 IwQ {yiwp and yiwu), to do, to finish, to perform. Har lea livo 
 
 wdnka ko ? Hast thou already performed thy ablation ? 
 lya, add : Sdr/ki ha 'lyajl magdna hiu,haddn yaji tafdri taisdsa. 
 lyanglzi, n., master, lord, 
 lydnci, n., freedom=(i/'?/aifci. 
 lydwa, n., knowledge of, acquaintance with, ability to do a 
 
 thing. 
 lyc, to be equal to. Ɓa su aiye wdrinsa. 
 lyp, intr., to swim, and yi iyp. Ina yin iyp, da woni ydro ya 
 
 hini, mima yin lyo gahaddi. Da hiska Una baisa rtla 
 
 sina so ya yi iyp da hdya, dma da ya sa rua daydwa ya 
 
 /add md-ni, mii ddwai hdya, hakanan muna ddivoyo. Si 
 
 gpni ne ga iyp, dma ha si sdni ha niita kwdrai. 
 Izd, tr. v., to stir up, incite ; izawa and izewa, give over. 
 
 Somewhat doubtful in, Alia si iziema wonau cuta. 
 
 Aniza mdsu kadi, a fine is imposed on them. 
 Iziji or izihi, n., a paragraph. 
 Izgili, n., imagination. 
 
( 72 ) 
 
 J. 
 
 [Words formerly written cU and dz are now written J.] 
 
 Jd, to stretch out. Ka jd fmliiJca iriga iri ? 
 
 Ja arace, to lead astray. 
 
 Jdhili, n., fool ; story, mj^sterj'. Kada agdija jahill nan ga 
 
 kpwa. 
 Jahilci, n., folly. 
 
 Jagora, n., staff to lead the blind. 
 Jaiya = dzaiija, n., strife. 
 J oka, tv., to draw, to pull, to molest. 
 Jakdda and sal and maikdra, tax-gatherer, publican. 
 Jdli, n. ; ahin jdli, something to trade with ; resources. 
 Jalo, n. pr. of a male. Beri en je en ga ngdn Jalo, let' me go 
 
 and see Jalo's setting off. 
 Jamda (pi. Jamap7/i), n., congregation, host; Church. JJhang'izi 
 
 jamdoyi, the Lord of Hosts. 
 Janra, or jaura, n., ice. 
 Jdnye, to go away. 
 Jardhe and Zardhe, tr., to tempt. 
 Jay a [magdnganuna), to wrest my words ; to strive. 
 Je = ze, intr., to go. Wdwa Jca je makonci jia. Da akaje 
 
 wftrln mdllami. Je ga wfiya, it is difficult to go there. 
 
 Si ZQ muje tare, let him come, that we may go together. 
 Jegana, n., sandy, hilly country. 
 Jeje, n., light foi*est. 
 Jejehy with da, early. 
 Jelba (?). 
 Jemdge, n,, a bat. 
 Jewaya, n., visitation, dispensation ; inspection, in which sense 
 
 also zidra is used, from Arabic, as ina zidra zuniifi. 
 Jewoye, to visit. 
 Jenci, in the sentence of Br., Na yi jenci, I make thee a wry 
 
 face. 
 Jere, intr., to run fast. 
 
( 73 ) 
 
 Jewcya, to visit, to punish. 
 
 Jl=zl, to hear, to fool. Dtika wonan muJca jl, cvma ha mu 
 
 India ha. 
 Jta, n., yesterday. Mi na gay a mdlcujia ? Hdka liana ha gdya ma. 
 Jidre, n., caterpillar (?). 
 Jidye, intr., to be empty. 
 Jihi, n., tlie day after to-morrow. 
 Jigona, my rock (?). 
 Jlj{a=sisia, u., nerves. 
 Jtjifi, n., early in the morning. 
 Jika, n., hag, sack. 
 JiJcai, tr., to pity, to have mercy; ha jihaina, have mercy on 
 
 me — and jihdmu. 
 Jihi {p\. jiha = ziki), body. 
 Jzko or ziko, n., beam. 
 Jim, as : jim hadan, a, little while. 
 Jinia, tr., to hurt, to injure. 
 Jimawa, n., a little while. 
 Jhnero,n., a peculiar kind of black rice. 
 Jimeri, tr. and intr., to bear, to endure, to suffer ; as, 
 
 wohdlla. 
 Jire, n., order, rank. 
 Jingo, to agree. 
 Jingine, to recline, a gabansa. 
 Jini=dz~ini, n., blood, mind or disposition, inclination. En 
 
 dei jiniaha hai gdmu da na niutum, homi ha yi hdwai ne. 
 Jini ham, to weed the ground. 3Iaijini, n., mutumen jini, 
 
 shai'p, deceitful person. 
 Jinjere, n,, embryo. 
 Jinia, n,, corded grass put round the roof of a house for 
 
 strengthening the rafters ; jiaia tr. to take care of a sick 
 
 person. 
 Jinhai, n., grace, mercy, tender mercy ; hadd ha rtife jinhai- 
 
 nha gareni, withhold not thy mercy from me. Ka yi mdmu 
 
 jinhdi. 
 
 L 
 
( 74 ) 
 
 JinJdri, n., reality. Wdsa wdsa aim ya mma ji/'tJcin. 
 
 Jlra, tr. and intr., to escape, to break loose, come off. Ilalnya 
 
 tajira, a way of escape. Jira don rdnka, flee for thy life. 
 
 Na zd fare f lire ya jiraiva or jlrua, to come off, usedoftlie 
 
 hair on skins coming off after being soaked in water and 
 
 ashes. 
 Jlrgi, and zirgi, n., canoe. 
 Jirl, maikdfo data zihisu ne. The Jin, who has one horn, is a 
 
 bird. 
 Jita, jitua, to agree. Nl da Ua ha mujitua ho kadan. 
 J una, reciprocal pron., each other. 
 Junia, n., Friday. (Mahomedan day of rest.) 
 Juya, to turn, turn from, away. Ka ju,ya duhdnka gareni 
 
 kaddh ! O spare me a little ! Ya juya kogundnsu jini, He 
 
 turned their waters into blood. 
 
 K 
 
 Kd^lce, v., to be, in some dialects ; as 9irt = ne and ta=ce. 
 
 Kdhard, n. pr., a tribe of Zdha near Kurduua. 
 
 Kabehe, n., a man possessed of food. 
 
 Kabi<lwa = ticmf('(jia, n., a gourd. 
 
 Kahila, n., race, seed, kindred. 
 
 Kdhri (pi. kahrulm, kahrgri, kdbnhia and kahdrb^xi) , a grave. 
 
 Kdbri, adj., thick, stout, Da kdhri. Kabrdra gizdgize, thick 
 
 clouds. 
 Race, adj., light, not heavy. 
 Kada (in some parts of the country it is kdrka), conj., that not, 
 
 lest. Kadd ka yi ^gro, be not afraid. Do/i kadd sii 
 
 nnutu, lest they should die. Ko ka yt fadd da mutuin, 
 
 kadd ka rlkesi a zftcid ! 
 Kdda, tr., to throw down ; to condemn in court; to overthrow, 
 Kdda (pi. kddgdi), n., an alligator. 
 Kdda, n., cotton; picking or cleaning cotton. 
 Kadddc, m., kadddlya, f (pi. kadddii), pricked. 
 
( 75 ) 
 
 Kaddgi or katdgi, n. and adj., great, lai'ge, stroDg, heavy. 
 Mulca siga ga cihhi gidd kaddgi. Nagdne midum da 
 haddgin kdya hisa ga hdydnsa. See Kdto. 
 
 Kadai, aloue, unique, sole, incomparable. 
 
 Kadaita, n., desolation ; tr. v., to lay waste ; to isolate. 
 
 Kaddmzira, n., a species of oyster. 
 
 Kaddn, conj. and adv., when, if, whether. Ya tdmhayeni 
 kaddn ina so <Jn tafi tare da sit ? 
 
 Kaddui a, n., shisb hattev, and shia butter-tree; also written 
 kaddnya, the fruit of the tree. Kadaniyan rdfi, a tree 
 twenty to twenty-five feet high near rivulets ; light 
 green leaves ; small flowers in clusters. 
 
 Kddara, n., nag, small horse. 
 
 Kaddsi, n., name of a small tree. John gives kaddgi, as like 
 gumhi=^arkdkia, for bramble-bush. 
 
 Kadaiira, n., name of a tree. Nan gusun kada,i\ra ! 
 
 Kade, n., the fruit of the shia butter-tree, and name of the tree. 
 
 Kdde, tr., to fell a tree. Ba inu heri aiki ha har mun kdde 
 itdce ; daia, to be condemned, found guilty. Miitume nan 
 ankakadesi da seria, and ieria ta kddesi. Anizu mdsu 
 kdde, a fine was imposed upon them. 
 
 Kadekade, n., drumming. Sima yin wdkdnsu da kadekade. 
 
 Kaderta, tr., to appoint, to allot ; govern by rule and regula- 
 tion, or order as God. 
 
 Kaderti, n., allotting, appointing. 
 
 Kadi, yi kadi, to spin. Ba su yi kadi. 
 
 Kadi, n., fine. 
 
 Kfcdo, n., Fulde name for Negro. 
 
 Kaduna, n. pr., the river Lafun. 
 
 Kdfa, tr., to constitute, to establish, to found, to ordain. Gahd 
 ga kdfdn dilnia. Part, adj., ka.fdfe, m., kafafnja and 
 kafufa, f. (pi. kafafii), fines, established, founded, or- 
 dained. 
 
 Kdfa {kdfa), n., foot; fins of fishes; spurs of cocks; the base 
 of a thincr. 
 
( 76 ) 
 
 Kafdra, n., false oath ; perjury = rdnzua hdnza, false 
 
 swearing. 
 Kofdrzi, n., large species of land tortoise. 
 Kdfe, intr., to subside, to dry up, rJJia ta hafc; to sink. Kudo, 
 
 en kdfe, that I sink not, or lest I sink. 
 Kaferci, n., false oath, perjury. 
 Kaffdn mariri, n., large kind of okro. 
 Kdffara, n., any sudden exclamation from fright. 
 Kaffi, n. p. of a town. 
 
 Kafv=-tdho, hdfogoho or gOfo, n., mire, dirt. 
 Kafo nan Ɓerewa, n., an edible mushroom. 
 Kafo, n., horn ; cupping. 
 Kq/b'w guda, and viaH'ofun guda, one that has become blind 
 
 after he was grown up. 
 Kafur, n., camphor, 
 
 Kafurta, int., to become or turn a heathen. 
 Kdge, n., cramp. Kdge ya hcinia hdniid. 
 Kaggd, n., wall of a house. 
 Kdgud (pi. hagundi), n., a crab. 
 Kai (pi. kdnua and kduna), head. Suka dauka kduna hisa. 
 
 Sinda gtrlman kai, he has a large head, tbat is, he is 
 
 proud or greedy. Kdn magdna, head of the word, that 
 
 is, the decision of the case. 
 Kai, per. pron., thou, m. Add: Kai ddna ndgari ne. Kai 
 
 ne, nhangizina, ydro. 
 Kaidodi, pi., form of Articles : Kaidodi na adinin Anasara, 
 
 the Ai'ticles of the Christian Religion. 
 Kaifi, n., edge ; da kaifin hdUi, ku takohi. 
 Kaikai, n., cataract. 
 Kaikdya, n., a leguminous shrub. 
 Kainddloa, n., an ear of corn. 
 Kainizia,n.,'vaxiQY cii'cle of the eye; wiizidn izia, n., outer 
 
 circle of the eye. 
 Kaico, as kaico kaina : perhaps = M yi veto kaina, Do save 
 
 me ! Woe is me ! 
 
( 77 ) 
 
 Kaiya (pi. haiijoyi), n., thorn, briar. 
 
 Kai ya, exclamation, what a pity ! 
 
 Kakabdbe, kakahahiya (pi. kakabahu) , shaken, sifted- 
 
 Kdkahe, tr., to sift ; the falling or dropping of a leaf. 
 
 Kaka, how and what ; Kdka zdni yi ? kdka zdni yi ? What 
 shall I do ? oh what shall I do ? 
 
 Kakdne, n., ancestors, forefathers. 
 
 Kdkarei, adv., vain ; n., vanity. 
 
 Kakarlkdri, n., a rib. 
 
 Kakigdni Alia, n., a large reddish nocturnal moth. 
 
 Kdla, n., gleaning, and ahhi kdla, gleaning of the harvest, and 
 kdlan kdka. Tr. v., yi kdla. 
 
 Kdlahi (pi. kaluhba and kaliibobi), n., a napkin^ handker- 
 chief. 
 
 Kalami, n., observation, remark. Kaldminsa ke nan, those 
 were his remarks. 
 
 Kalammo, n., the hard dry legs of locusts or grass- 
 hoppers. 
 
 Kdlaiiga, n., an oblong drum, made of the trunk of a tree or 
 calabash, very narrow in the middle (John). A simple 
 tympanum, or keso (Br., vol. ii., p. 47). 
 
 Kdla/igu, n., a harp. 
 
 Kaldwa and alkaldwa, pr. n., the former capital of Gobir. 
 
 Kdlgo (pi. kadage), n., a small tree with broad cleft, folding 
 leaves, slightly fragrant ; fruit or broad pod, used for 
 rolling articles of food in ; bark used by women to stain 
 their lips red. 
 
 Kalkada kai, n., wagging of the head. 
 
 Kalifi=^karifi, n., iron. 
 
 Kalkaddde, kalkadadiya, (pi. kalkadddu) , shaken; tossed. 
 
 Kalkece, n., a wild dog, jackal. 
 
 Kalilan, conj., at least. Ko'iiku kalila, three at least. 
 
 Kalkdsi. A few additional examples : Macizi dagd kalkdsin 
 hdUinsa tana fUdsda deffu mugu. Snna gina ga kalkdsin 
 kdsa kamdn kfm'ge, they are digging under ground like 
 
( 78 ) 
 
 foxes. T(i ycsda, yiiro [ja halkmin itdce. Ahizncbi ga 
 
 kalkmin itdce nan. 
 Kallo, intr., to observe, to look at as a spectator. MaikaUo, 
 
 n., a looker on, spectator. 
 Kdlmasa, tv., to bend; to roll up ; to make a liem, shirt, 
 
 collar. N., a horn. 
 Kdlme, n., horse, with one fore-leg and foot white. 
 Kalme, n., large hoe made with twelve ribs, like a gridiron. 
 
 A large spear for hunting elephants. A harpoon for 
 
 crocodiles = zagga. 
 Kalni, n., a horse one of whose fore-feet or legs is white. 
 Ka'lua=y(li/a, n., seeds in fruit. 
 Kalidua, n., pain in the groins. 
 
 Kalumha, p. n. of a town near Lake Chat, kiisa ga ruan Cddif 
 Kalun itdce ko koren itdce, a green tree. 
 Kalwdde (pi. kalwddai) , n., a tree. 
 Kam, particle, as, * to ; ' oii kam, as to me, for my part ; in my 
 
 opinion. 
 Kama, kdmawa, n., prey, what is caught. 
 Kdma {-pi. kdma7iff), n., colour, appearance; likeness. Kama 
 
 da wane ha wane ha ne. Kama da lidnu, to receive 
 
 kindly; da hdnu hid, very kindly; dauha da allicrl, with 
 
 kindness. 
 Kdma kdnda, adv., like as, in the same manner. 
 Kamamdku (pi. form aikoki kamamdku), wondrous works. 
 Kamdm,e, n., a prisoner. 
 Kamdnu, n., shape, likeness. 
 Kamdce, intr., to be fit, suitable, becoming. Ahiii da kamd- 
 
 cemu, to compare. Wanene H da akamdc(jsi dauhang'iH ? 
 Kdmha, tr., to crown ; also kamhdma. 
 Kdmhari, n., a Creole. 
 Kdmbi, n., a crown, turban. 
 KambQri=hakaifa, n., finger-nail. 
 Kamh6ri=dimi, n., fine white calico; brocade, damask, or 
 
 similar cloths. 
 
( 70 ) 
 
 Kame, n., a manger, 
 
 Kameduge, n,, a kind of sandal for travelling, with a strap 
 
 round the heel. 
 Kamga, pi. form, chariots (Psalm Ixix. 17). 
 Kamin, conj., before that, until, while ; hamin en yi worika. 
 Kdmna, n., respect, brow, forehead.. Na hamniiSi ; hope, faith, 
 
 confidence. Kdmnan tdlaka ha ya gbdta hal dhadd. Em 
 
 ha lit tdji dagd nan ha, ina yenka main kdmna,. 
 Kdmnace, to trust in, to wait upon, attend on, look up to. 
 
 Su kdmnace sa ; ni kdmna ce sundnsa. 
 Kdmu da hdnu hiti, to receive kindly. Kdmua ya zo, my turn 
 
 comes. 
 Kdmud, n., captivity. Kdmun mutdncnsa, the captivity of his 
 
 people. Kdmudn Yakuhu. 
 Kdmza and kdmzo (pi. kdmsuna, kdmzoSi), n., crust. 
 Kan, adv., before that ; kan su gdma, before they have done ; 
 
 kan leasar ta yi, before afternoon comes. 
 Kana, in the sentence : MclsTi kanan noma, ddmaiia ya fddi : 
 
 galma H kpma kota, ye farmers ! the rainy season has 
 
 set in, take the hoe ; return to its handle. 
 Kanace, n., conversation (in Kano). 
 Kdndama, tying thatch to rafters. 
 Kande, pr. n. of a female. 
 Kandu, declaring what is inside anything by simply looking 
 
 at it. 
 Kdne (pi. kanne), n., brother, chiefly younger. 
 Kdneido, tr., to wink with the eye. 
 Kdngar and kangarin tdma, n., dross of iron, 
 Kangara, tr., to rebel, rebellion. 
 Kdiigare, kdngardre, pi. kdiigaru, and kangardru {da gaske, 
 
 exceeding), fierce, 
 Kdngarwa, n., light or ordinary cavalry. 
 Kangerai, n., a piece of wood tied on either temple for a 
 
 punishment, 
 KangOgi, pi. form, n., desolations. 
 
{ 80 ) 
 
 Kanlidma, adj., frail. Kdha ni kaukdma ne,\iovf frail I am. 
 
 Kdnkana, kanhlna, (pi. kankdnu), little, little one. 
 
 Kankana, n., water-melon; gonan kahkana, garden of 
 
 cucumbers. 
 Kankdnla, n., little things, trifles, vanities. 
 Kankankaliy n., attention. 
 
 Kaiikdnta, n., and kankantdka, n., littleness, smallness, infir- 
 mity. Make little, i.e. to humble ; as, Allou H kankdnta 
 
 maklijinka ! May God humble thy enemy. 
 Kankdnta, tr., to despise, to treat with contemjjt, to oppress. 
 
 Ya kai kdntasu. Don aiikankdntasu. 
 Kankdnta, to humble, to despise. 
 Kankdnci, to play tricks ; ni kill nl yi mlsa kankdnci, to 
 
 dishonour. And n., reproach. 
 Kdnhanud, n., little thing, creature. Ba ki z'dma kdivai 
 
 kdnkanudnki da ke ? 
 Kdnkara, n., hail, with duci. 
 Kankds da kai, bowing the head ; showing respect, reverence, 
 
 humility. 
 Kafiki, n., some species of deer, 
 Kdnta, herself. Ban ko bdta ha Ita da kdnta, I did not — even 
 
 herself. 
 Kdnta, pr. n., a people called Adama. 
 Kantururaa, n., shining blue or black seed beads. 
 Kaniva, pr. n., a town in Zamfara. 
 Kaca, tr., to scrape hard as with a knife or instrument ; also, 
 
 hdskara, to scrape anything. 
 Kacdlla, n., an aquatic plant, the flowering head of which is 
 
 called bambana. 
 Kdce, kaca or kacia (pi. /rac it), broken. Targoyakdce. Kace, 
 
 to break, third form of kdda. 
 Kdci, maikaci (pi, niaikdta), n., the Mighty. 
 Kaceri, n., a tree with small leaves. 
 Kauci, n,, peeling. Kaiicin kalgo, loranthus or kalgo, used as 
 
 a charm for catchinjx slaves. 
 
( 81 ) 
 
 Kdnwa=^kanuan, younger sistei'. 
 
 Kanya, n., name of a tree bearing an edible fruit. 
 
 Kara, to shout ; yi kdra murna, shout for joy. 
 
 Kara, tr., to continue, to repeat, to persevere in a thing, to 
 add to an action ; hence adv., again. John : Si yi karlw 
 gareka, he may continue with the — (Confirmation Ser- 
 vice). Ba ni kdra gghe. 
 
 Karuhuna, n., Cherubin. 
 
 Kdra dainye, n., green stalk. 
 
 Kara, n., reed. Kara da dejffi, a reed containing poison. 
 
 Karafa, n., dross of iron. 
 
 Karafafa, tr., to refresh ; to strengthen. 
 
 Kardgo, n., plumpness, soundness ; fineness. 
 
 Karaiya, n., large species of shell-fish. 
 
 Kardma, n., mercy, pity ; benefit, kindness. 
 
 Karamhdni, n., inquisitiveness, prying, curiosity. Definition 
 by Hajji Adam : Mi'iUim si siga magdna handsa ha, a man 
 that meddles in a conversation that does not concern 
 him. 
 
 Karambiki, n., a fox. 
 
 Karammia, n., a tree. Br. 
 
 Kdranhdnci, n., bridge of the nose. 
 
 Kardpta (pi. karaptai), n., high road. 
 
 Kdrara, n., a prickly tuberous plant. 
 
 Kardre, n., willows. 
 
 Karau (pi. kardre), n,, glass of any kind. 
 
 Kdrha, kdrbi and kdrho, to receive. Definition by John, 
 Kdrha en mutum hai htda ivoni abil, ea amhdSi abiu nan, 
 si kail kdrhasi ; ka hdsi kdrha. Kuna kdre, kdrha fuskan 
 midgu, ye respect the person of the wicked. 
 
 Karbdbid ce, it is delightful, acceptable. 
 
 Karhi, n., ransom. 
 
 Kdre and tokare, to uphold, to establish. 
 
 Kare, n., swarm ; kuddsen kara, swarm cf flies ; lice. 
 
 Karere, karcra (pi. karcru), broken. 
 
 M 
 
( 82 ) 
 
 Karfafa, tr., to refresli, to strengthen. 
 
 Karfafi (pi. Icarfafu), n., a strong person. 
 
 Kdrfu, n., leathern girdle. 
 
 Karfdse, n,, species of salmon. 
 
 Kari, n., meaning, proverb, sting, mai (pi. masnlcdn), such as 
 
 speak proverbs ; humour, swelling. Tr., to defend, 
 
 uphold, protect ; glandular swelling in the neck, or any 
 
 tumour. 
 Karil-dra, or Jcarhdra (pi. karharori and karhdroni), n., a field. 
 Karikdta, hama hatana da ta harlhata, as a tottering wall. 
 Kdriya, n., a bitch. 
 Kdriya, n., defence, shield, protection ; mikariya, protector, 
 
 defender. 
 Kaririye, to scatter. 
 Kaririye, intens. v., to break to pieces. 
 Kdrka, the same as kadd, that not. 
 Karkaddni = maikaf6 daia, n.. Unicorn. 
 
 Kdrkari, tr., to scrape. Maikarkari , n., bivalved mussel-shell. 
 Kai'kdce, karkdta, to bow down. Karkdta kunfnika, incline thine 
 
 ear ; karkdce samdnka, da ka sido ; to fall away ; suka 
 
 race suka karkdce karJcd uhanensu. Karkdta, to leave the 
 
 right way. 
 Kdrkia, n.. yoke. 
 Karko, to last ; maiadelei tunanensa ya yi karko, the righteous 
 
 shall be had in everlasting remembrance. Yi karko, will 
 
 last long. Karkon zunufi mutud. 
 Karko = kar6e, n., end, result, upshot, termination. Karkon 
 
 mutun nan zdsi mittu. 
 Karmdmmi, n., leaves of corn. 
 
 Kdro, n., collection, contribution. Maikdro, collector. 
 Kdro, n., ram. Tdron tmnak'i hdbu kdro hdnza ne. 
 Kdro, yi kdro, to encounter. 
 Karoki, n., boards. 
 Karreruwa, n., a quadruped, size of a dog, said to inhabit 
 
 streams. 
 
( 83 ) 
 
 Kdr^e (pi. ^arsiue. and hdrsendha), n., end, the last. liar 
 
 kahia wuri na hdrse. Don ta:^o dagd wOzen karzen dmia. 
 Kariifa (pi. kariifdi), n., high riding-boots ; sifada {pi. ^ifadai) , 
 
 pair of short riding-boots. 
 Karummas allaci, n., long red bead. 
 Karyeye, m., karyeya and karieya, f. (pi. karu'ya and karyeyii), 
 
 broken; zilcia mailadehi da Mryeya, a broken and a 
 
 contrite heart. 
 Kas, tr., to kill. Dlla ya Jcas harnva, the same as Jid.^o, 
 Kdsa, tr. and intr., to dixide =rdha, to win, as a game. 
 
 Kdsica and kdsua, n., dividing, sharing. 
 Kdsa=fdsa, tr. and intr., to fail, to diminish, to fall short, to 
 
 be in want, to be insufficient, to be unequal to. Amincina 
 
 ha si kdsa ha. Ba ya kdsa mcini komi ha, he failed me in 
 
 nothing ; i.e., misled, deceived, disappointed one in nothing. 
 
 To defer, postpone, decrease. Kdsdsda, fourth form, to 
 
 decline ; as, ina kclsdda kdrifi, my strength is declining. 
 
 8una aikin gidd, dma cidwa ta kdsa. Ama zudrlnsu hai 
 
 kdsa ha. 
 Kasaita, intr., arrive at maturity, or full age, perfect. 
 Kasal duci, n., a small species of quail. 
 Kasdla, n., destitution. » 
 
 Kasase, (pi. form, kingdoms), lands, countries. 
 Kasdse, third form of kdsa, to lower, make low. Ka yin ka- 
 
 sdse ga malaiku kaddn, Thou hast made him a little lower 
 
 than the angels. 
 Kasduduyi, n., killing, i.e., painful, to the heel, some sort 
 
 of sandals or slippers. 
 Kase or kase (?). Amd, han kase ne ni kadai ha, again, or alone. 
 Kdse, in : ka kdse kdifin tdkwohlnsa, Thou turnest back the 
 
 edge of his sword. The usual meaning of ka^-e, to destroy, 
 
 is sufficient here. Kdse, tr. to humble oneself; to be 
 
 humbled, lowered. Akdscsu, they ai-e destroyed, ruined, 
 
 overthrown. 
 Kase, to be ; ya kase, he has been. (Kr.) 
 
( 84. ) 
 
 KasPgi {lcas('gi), n., forked sticks on the neck of a camel or a 
 criminal. 
 
 KaHri Tnujha, n., lower outer edge of the lower jaw-bone. 
 
 KdSin ido, n., long ridge over the eye. 
 
 Kdsin hai, n., skull, head-bone. 
 
 Kdsin coco and cocon hdija, n., the back-bone. 
 
 Kdsin ivtya, n., Adam's apple in the throat. 
 
 Kdsiyia, tr., to establish. 
 
 Kashdse, JcasJcdsa, causative form, to humble, humiliate ; lower, 
 occurs in the sentence : wonda ya yi girmman kai oka 
 ya kaskdsasi, he that exalts himself shall be abased. The 
 sentence : aka ya, is evidently incorrect ; it should be, 
 Kaskdsta, intens. form. Kaskdsta kdnsa, to humble one- 
 self ; to be cut down. Bimi kin kaskdsda kilrHata ? Why 
 art thou cast down my soul ? to make low, to bring down ; 
 as iddnu masnguri, to press down. K6 ya fddi ha H 
 kaskdsta, though he fall, he shall not be utterly cast 
 down. 
 
 Kdsko, n., a pot. Kdskon mawdnka, laver. 
 
 Kdso, n., flogging. 
 
 Kasu, to subject, subdue, to bring in subjection. 
 
 Kasuda, n., indigo-leaves prepared for the extraction of 
 indigo-dye. 
 
 Kaswa, n., itch, eruptions. 
 
 Kasivan Dauzi, pr. n., a village and market nine and a half 
 miles from Zariya, of three to four thousand inhabi- 
 tants. 
 
 Kdtakdta, n., a species of tree very large, resembling the shia 
 butter- tree ; its leaves are used for writing on. 
 
 Katdmha, i. q. zaiire, n., shed, porch. 
 
 Katamdi, n., a flattened piece of calabash to put butter on. 
 
 Kdtamtdmwa, n., the name for various kinds of snail-shells 
 
 large or small. 
 Katanga, n., sherds. Miltum ya pasi tulu, at Kina yaga 
 kdtdiiga? 
 
C 85 ) 
 
 Kdtatdica, n., snails ; breed. 
 
 Kdto, n., a strong, robust man, a giant. 
 
 Kdtu, n., a seal, stamp. 
 
 Kdce, to rent, to break. Tara hai Icdce ha. 
 
 Kdtuwa=gyenduwa, n., a strong muscular woman. 
 
 Kauda, second form of kdwo, to turn away, to restrain ; as, 
 
 sail daydwa ya Tiauda fuslnna. 
 Ka uda = h usclse, dry. 
 Kdura, in Kdcina=galadl}na and yerima, n., hahd)i ddwalii, 
 
 Master of the liorse. 
 Kimra, n., a species of dawa, not much esteemed. 
 Kaura, n., the iron front of a dart. 
 Kaure, adj., hard, i. q. tauri. 
 Kaurin kofa and itacen h)fa, n., door-post. 
 Kauru, pr. n., a large town ; capital of district of Zarija, 
 
 south-east of Dawaki. 
 Kaiise, tr., to cast out. Ɓa akameni. I shall not be cast out ; 
 
 to pluck out. 
 Kaiisi, n., roughnesss of surface, unevenness ; mailiaubi, a 
 
 rough thing. 
 Kausi, adj., rough. 
 
 Kauwata, pr. n. of a town in Zariya. Also heard Kawdta, n,, 
 preserving meat in salt or spices, or making preserved 
 meats ; embalming bodies, i. q. kauwaceii. Akauwdcesi, 
 embalmed, put in spices. 
 Kauive, adj., easy, quiet, silent; only. 
 Kauwera, n., farm, field. 
 Kauya and hauyoyi, n., streets, villages. 
 Kdiva, n., species of fresh-water oyster. 
 Kawdita, to still, make still, to calm, 
 KdwaSj to take away. 
 Kaya, adv. conj., especially; exceedingly. 
 Kdydn ddga, n., battle-arms. 
 
 Kay dye, weaned (?). Kamd, dd aJioydye dagd. uivdnsa, as a 
 child that has been wcaucd from its mother. 
 
I 8G ) 
 
 K(Uji = l^<ii, tliou. JDci kayinka, da kayinsa, tliyself, Lim- 
 
 self, &c. 
 Kdyes, kdyesda. See Kdda. 
 Kdza da kdza, so and so ; such and such ; Sdan kdza da aivi'i- 
 
 rtn kdza, at such a time and at such a place. Ba ta da 
 
 woni sungi sai uwd kdza da kdza. Kdza ta fat<) yaycnta 
 
 ggna garhi ndta ydwo. (Kr.) 
 Kazdmai sn ke, they are corrupt^ defiled. 
 Kazamaiydya, the constellation of the Hen and Chickens. K., 
 
 m., en da ya soma fitai dCimand ya kdre ; en ya yi 
 
 ydma ddmand ya zo. 
 Kazdmta, tr., to profane, defile ; n., filth, filthiness, uncleanness. 
 Kazdza, n., a humpback, or crooked back from projecting 
 
 spine. 
 Kazaure, pr. n., town or district. 
 
 Kaze, tr., to mark, to ornament by carving, as a calabash. 
 Kazwa, n., a skin disease, eruptions. 
 Kazdza and kazdzia, n., one who does not bear. 
 Kdzin tdma, zinaria ko azurfa, dross of iron, gold, or silver. 
 Kazia, the one-eyed. 
 Kazizi, n., a plant with odorous tuber. 
 Kazd, n., wall or fence. Wdne. ha ni H mlka, m kana Kewo- 
 
 yev:o kazo mu yi maguna. 
 Ke ki ke sdinya ddwa, thou art she that dried the corn. 
 iCcj to be. Ase aiki ake yi, ha ni da lahar'i, verily the work is 
 done, and I know nothing about it; ase aiki akake yi, 
 verily, the work has been done. 
 Kedle, tr., to coax, to caress. Ga ivunl Intii su ddrdsa, ga woni 
 
 lutu su kedleSi. 
 Kt'he, adv., chiefly ; more especially. 
 Kehche, important, needful. 
 Kehdhia, kehehu, n., great kindness. Nlmdnsa kehahia, his 
 
 special grace. 
 Krfero, pr. n., a town south of Dawaki, not far from Kadana. 
 Il^cJJJ, u., a close stockade of sticks or thick stums of trees. 
 
( 87 ) 
 
 Kegua, n., echo. When thou comcst to a place that has an 
 
 echo. Thirsty place. 
 Kekarai, pi. form, silly persons. 
 Kekasiisda, fifth form, to dry up, to cause to dry up. 
 Kekd idon zaiira, 
 
 Kekc, n., cloth, i. q. dan kdtan and turlmdi. 
 Kete, bdran mlzi, n., white and red silk. 
 Keke dan katdnga, n., black cloth. 
 Keke hankdka, n., white and black cloth. 
 Keke kudi, n., black and red silk. 
 Kekerdi, pi. form, foolish ones. 
 Kekua, u., dry ground. Da marmarorin ruaye, kekua (Psalm 
 
 cvii. 33). 
 Kelle, n., a small axe used in fighting. 
 Ki'mriiy n., a cane from which aiTows are made. 
 Kmkeso, n., a cockroach. 
 Kenki, n., an antelope as high as a horse. 
 Kenkina, n., some kind of animal. 
 Kere, tv., to cut, cut off. 
 
 Kere or keri (pi. kirari) ; as keren magdnd, n., wits, wisdom. 
 Yd wfa kerin magdna, he is able to give a quick, suitable 
 or witty reply. The pith, drift or meaning of the saying, 
 Silyi kirari na mii, kf-rin, abusive language is language 
 of praise to us. 
 Kesa, n., flight. 
 
 Keskawani, n., a small herb with a white flower, used medi- 
 cinally in Krowkrow. 
 Keskesfu, tr., to cut with a razor; to cup^ to bleed. 
 Keso, n,, rags. 
 
 Kesu, in Banci 10,000, and in Kano 20,000. 
 Keta, n., mischief, wackedness, Mahjtaci, m., maketdcia, f. (pi. 
 mdketdtxi), a mischievous person; treachery. Mai- (pi. 
 masiikdta), a treacherous person, traitor. 
 Kitami, n., a twisted leather strap. 
 
 Ketara, intr., to skip, to jump over with a horse ; to glance over 
 a book. 
 
( 88 ) 
 
 Kece, tr., to tear, to I'ond, to break. 
 
 Kcwa ^aron dere, I keep watch in the night. Kewa, intr,, to 
 
 move, to Gutter ^=sauwdgi. tSctnii da hewa, salutation 
 
 addressed to one who is alone or lonely. 
 Kewaya, to go about, round about ; hcwOye, to go around, 
 
 to suiTOund, 
 Kfnja, n., back part of the head, 
 Keytlmuru, n., reed, strong grass reed for arrows. 
 Kiy to hate. Nina Mnia su rikon ahuhua hdnza (Psalm xxxi. 7). 
 Kialo, add : Ku kidle^i, let him alone ; take no notice of him. 
 Kidu, n., beauty. 
 Kiclye, tr., to spare. Kidye Jcdnka, spare thyself ; to feed, 
 
 weiben, ha zdmna ha hiaye amiiici, give heed, Yo kiayesu 
 
 hud kamd sosain zficiansa, he fed them also according to 
 
 the integrity of his heart. 
 Kiaye (pi. hiayeyu), fat, fattened. Duka kiayeyun dunia. 
 Kiayeyun mdruka, fatted calves. 
 Kiayi, to learn, to observe, to feed. 
 Kiaygyi, pi. form, n., lice. 
 
 Klbiydn sanUy one or more poisonous flies on cattle, 
 Kldd, account, reckoning. 
 
 Kidin ddnihe, n., a peculiar kind of beating drums for dancing. 
 Kididiga, n,, number, account, collection, sum. 
 Kikidi, n,, some kind of cloth much valued at Gonza. 
 Kildgo (pi, kildgai), n,, a tanned hide of an ox. 
 Kilmi, n., throne; wurin, sdrauta. 
 Kili, n., a white horse. 
 
 Kill kauya, n,, a brown horse with light mane, 
 Kiliya, n., a white mare. 
 Kilo, n,, the young of the eagle. Maklya. 
 Kilugu, n., a name for having only one eye. 
 Killiis (pi. killu), n,, a sand-fly, fire-fly. 
 Killus and wuta mdye (pi. wutal mdyu), n., Ignis fatuus, Will- 
 
 with-a-wisp. 
 Kima, n., price ; adj., better, preferable ; measure. Koraka 
 
( 89 ) 
 
 naica ya wuie gahd da klma, that your lougiag is beyond 
 
 measure. 
 Klincln sanddki, n., tlie handle of a box. 
 Kindmi (pi. liindma and Idnamuiiu) , n., a scorpion. 
 Kindml, n., a rope of leather strips plaited flat, used for 
 
 stirrups. 
 Kinam/lgu, u., a small herb. 
 Kinara, n., a common species of Euphorbiura. 
 Kingeri, n., a plant put into milk to improve it. 
 Kinke, n., trouble. 
 Kirdri, n., praise, laudation. 
 
 Kirdivo and kirdye, to call for one, Sdriki ha si hirayPta. 
 Kirfa,kirfawa, n., cutting folds of cloth (?). 
 Kirfo, flogging. 
 
 Kirigi and kirinziziya, n., a small black duck. 
 Kiriki, adj., better, finer, 
 Kirin, adv., very ; bdkl kirin, very black. 
 Kirlnia, as : sgfo da kirlnia^ an old man without shame or 
 
 modesty. 
 Kiriya, n., a tree used by blacksmiths for furnishing charcoal. 
 
 Garwasosin kiriya, hot coals of the kiriya. 
 Kirizi, n., the interior bones of the thorax, strenum, ribs. 
 Kirki, yin kirki, to be profitable, advantageous, prosperous. 
 
 Komine ya yi Sina yiii kirki, whatever he did prospered. 
 Kirmlzi, very red, scarlet. 
 Kirria, n., some kind of tree. (Br.) No doubt the same as 
 
 kiriya. 
 Kirtan, n., linen, cotton. 
 Kisa, n., a bribe. 
 
 Kiso, twisted; aikin Zriso, wreathed work ; kisa, to twist. 
 Kissa kissa ; nina sdmri kissa kissa. ( Ivr.) 
 KiUj n., jealousy, jealous. Anji lahdrlnka wai kUi gareka, the 
 
 news was heard of you, saying that you ai-e a jealous man. 
 Kuiya (pi. kisiyoyi), n., the relation of one wife to another in 
 
 polygamy. 
 
( 00 ) 
 
 KitUa, n., rice in the straw heaped up in stacks. 
 
 Kiwo, to bring up children. Ben-hlwon kiirupyi da jild, 
 
 refreshing to souls and body. 
 Kiwuyd or klwiya, to be careless; avoiding labour. 
 Kiya, tr., to withhold from, to refuse ; to oppose, to shuffle, 
 
 Don Icai ha lea hiya ha mdni ddnha. N., difficulty, reluc- 
 tance. ]Ja da kiya ta her^i. Da da kiya mun kdmu zlrigi. 
 
 Klyal, kiyat, or kat ; as, da klyal, with difficulty ; adv., 
 
 laboriously, hardly, scarcely. 
 Kiyali, intr., to pay no attention, give no heed to. KiyaleH 
 
 or kicdeH, take no notice of him. 
 Kiydma, n., eternity, the world to come. 
 Kiyauri, n., shutter of a window, a window ; folding-door. 
 Kizigi, n., a knife used by women. 
 K6-ma, after negative, nor ; ko si ma, not even he. Kd fa 
 
 even now. 
 Kohrika, n., strength. 
 Kohiia, n., rebuke, reproach, restraint ; anakohua, are held in 
 
 restraint. 
 Kpda, tr, and intr., to satisfy, to satiate, surfeit. 
 Kpdai, to swallow up, to devour ; don mutum na kodai na. 
 
 Akoda kurudta, my soul is satisfied. 
 Kpdozi and kpdaze, pi. form, reins. DiietClt. 
 Koffi, n., show, vain show. 
 Kpfo, n., horn. Bisa ga kofon dan mai, upon a horn the son 
 
 of oil, i.e. upon a fruitful hill. 
 Kpgi (pi. koguna), n., a river. (Bennett.) Suna kiconta cikln 
 
 kpgundnsu. 
 Koi, n.,an Qgg. Bdhu wurin ydda koi. 
 Koinya, n., the skull of an animal. 
 Kokadan, adv., at least. 
 
 Kokdka, adv., at any rate, by any means, anyhow. 
 Kokdnto ; as, hdhu kokdnto, without doubt ; there can be no 
 
 question, no doubt about it; no uncertainty or hesitation. 
 Kokdri, adj., assiduous; n., earnestness, assiduity. 
 
( 91 ) 
 
 Kohia, n., a tree with large leaves of a dark green colour, and 
 
 a green fruit of the size of an apple. (Br., vol. ii., p. 39.) 
 Kokoro, mailiuhoro l-ahkaneH ka hade lunia {totiia ?), the small 
 
 thorax is that which swallows the morsel. 
 KoJcowa, fighting. Koica ydnzu kokowa kai ndsOy 6-i ku, yi. 
 ^^VOfiy ^-i an egg-shell. 
 
 Kolkdsa; hence, kolkasdntaka, shamelessness, 
 Kolkoli, n., a helmet. 
 
 Kolua or kolwa, n., the skull of a human being. 
 KolotOy n., top, summit of a hill. 
 Koma (pi. komuna ?). 
 Komi, Psalm cxlvii. 18 (?). 
 Komi, anything, everything j whatever, whatsoever ; however 
 
 much, great, &c. Komi rdsin hankalina na f'lka wdyo. 
 Komce, n., the kind of indigo which is ripe with dawa. 
 Komcewa, crushing. 
 Kon, tr., to drive out. Ka kon kafrdi, thou hast driven out 
 
 the heathen. 
 Konan sdnka, thy driaking-cup. 
 Kondni, n., a burnt-offering. 
 Kone, tr., to burn down, to waste away. Muka sdniu garlmit 
 
 ankOneH da lufda. Idona yco kone don nisi, my eye is 
 
 consumed through sighing, or is wasting away (Isaiah 
 
 ix. 4). Si zdma ahin kuuewa da ahlnci ga ivitta, it shall be a 
 
 thing for burning and food for the fire. 
 Kohga, n., wilderness, desert. Kal mdllami nak6nga = mdllamin 
 
 ddwa. 
 Kopsu, n., a scale. 
 
 Kara, n., a hyena. Prov., Kdramhdiii ak lya gaida kpra. 
 Kgra, n., appetite ; passionate desire, Koraka mdka ya luuce 
 
 gohd da kima. 
 Kordre, kordra (pi. kordru), they that arc driven away ; 
 
 outcasts. 
 Kore, n., black tobe ; or large dress. 
 Koremi, n., a valley. See Kori. 
 
( 02 ) 
 
 Kori, tr., to plough. Mai- (pi. masiikori, ploughors). Mamhori 
 
 svn yi hori Lisa hdydta. 
 Koti and horemi, n., a valley. Korin enua mwiua, valley of the 
 
 shadow of death. 
 Korino, adj., green. 
 Korizini, n., affection. 
 
 Korliora, n., the place in the helmet for fixing plumes. 
 Kormatfa, n., babbling, tattling, tale-telling. 
 Kormota, tr., to carry news ; to busybody. Maikormnto, tale- 
 bearer, babbler, talker, gossiper ; Kowa na son kormota si- 
 tdfi rlziahga. Rlzia nan ta kormdto ce. 
 Korno, n., some article of dress. 
 
 Koro or kdro ; as, yi koro da duci, to stumble against a stone. 
 Korofii Ida, n,, circle round the eye. 3Iaikprqfln ulo, one 
 
 hollow-eyed ; the same as mikwarmin ido. 
 Korono, n., green velvet. 
 Kororo, n., a bag of cowries. 
 Korto, m., kortua, f., adultery, fornication. 
 Korremace, n., a large granitic mass. (Br.) 
 KosfoJi=kolfofi, n., an egg-shell. 
 Kml, n., sufficiency of food, to be full of. Kosi u kan maida 
 
 sofo ydro. KoH da wohdlla, satisfaction, gratification. 
 Kgfa, n., handle of anything. 
 Kotdmta, tr., to dispose, to direct. 
 Kotakwdna, tr., to defy ; yi kotakwdna. 
 Koto, pr. n., the country of Igbira. 
 Kotonce, Psalm cliv. 12. 
 Kot6ntaiva= godaiva=Jasdli, n., joint, section. Kotornia abin 
 
 zfiha cl cikinsa. 
 Kotunci, kotanci, n., example, comparison, parable. 
 K6ce = kwaze, n., a flagon. 
 
 Kowone, m., koivdta, f., every one, every person, each, who- 
 soever it may be. 
 Kpahi, n., a bottle; kar'igon kpala, empty bottle. 
 Kad, adv., also, too. The same as Kiujaii. 
 
( 93 ) 
 
 Kfnia, tr., to furbish a sword. 
 
 Knbli, to lock, to shut. Ya kuhli Jcofdn ddwaki. 
 
 Kuhuta, n., innocency (?). 
 
 Kubata, to be justified. Don I'a Inibida, ni l:a yi magnna. It 
 is more likely Jiuhcrta than Tmhnta, Psalm li., 4. Compare 
 the difficult passage in Isaiah is. 4. Don houone kuhuta 
 da si da amdsi da huhxda cikin ddmin fata, for every 
 greave of those armed with greaves ; or for all war-shoes 
 put on at the noise of battle, &c. Ya kuherta, i.q. ya 
 samu hard or ya fita, or amhdsi (jaslda, he is acquitted ; 
 justified. 
 
 Kiida, (pi. huddse), n., fly. Kuddsiii zumnd, swarm of bees. 
 Ma'inya da ydra suJca tdrii ga bdJcin Jcofa Icamdn huddSen 
 zumud; huddn dhdugn, n., a small bug in fresh cotton. 
 Kitddn sdnu, n., a fly which infects cattle, but is not 
 poisonous, Kuddien kdre, n., lice. 
 
 Kuddn gerke, n., sand-fly. 
 
 Kududura, n., a knife used by women for cutting gerOf 
 ochre, &c. 
 
 Kudtlnia, n., a mountain. • 
 
 Kudura, to purpose steadfastly ; to follow steadily. Providenca, 
 
 Kuduru, n., cruelty to prisoners. 
 
 KuduH, n., tares. 
 
 Kitfta (pi. kuftai), n., riding-boots with a division for the large 
 toe. 
 
 Kufti, u., shoes of red or yellow leather, in Kano called 
 suhdda. 
 
 Kufuli, tr., to extinguish, as wuta, fitilla. 
 
 Kugia, pi. form, clasps. 
 
 Kuikiri, n,, the cry of a guinea-fowl. 
 
 Kuka, n., monkey bread-tree. Description of : Dagdnansuna 
 da ifdtudn kuka daydwa. Jikiii itdcen kilka data sina yin 
 rautdne tdlatin ; dma kuka ha ta ^dwo kainan rimi ; sdi tana 
 da girima ; da tofonta mu ka yin mia tana kckdtie ko dainye. 
 
 Kukowa, n., wrestling. 
 
( 04 ) 
 
 Kuhi, n., a fisli with light skin. 
 
 Kukuli, r\., a variety of baobol (calabash) tree ; small fruit; 
 
 its bark is a medicine for cattle. 
 Kuhuma (pi. Icukfmiui), n., a fish, species of eel. 
 Kxikuru, pr. n., Benin country. • 
 Knl, i. q. Tiur, coDJ., if, when ; TiulijauSe^ always. 
 KFcla, tv., to hearken^ give ear to, observe, mind, take notice of, 
 
 care for. Ɓdyin Kano ankicla da sn ? En del kl c;; i, sai 
 
 mu hula mciki Si, if you only say yes, we shall be sure to 
 
 unite him to you. 
 Kt'dji and liurrefi, name of a town. (Br., vol. iv., p. 3.) 
 KiilJadi, n., a fish, dark brown, or greenish sides. 
 KuloJco (pi. Iculphai ?). 
 Kidume (pi. huhimai), n., a species offish. 
 Kt'ima, n., a fish with red rounded obtuse snout. 
 Kuriiihna ; as, ahin himuhna, that which is equal, just; infirm, 
 
 feeble. 
 Kumha, n., a fresh-water bivalve. 
 Kiimhii, n., a general name for calabash ; also kninhnu (pi. 
 
 ku7nhima). 
 Kumburi, n,, swelling. Magdna kumhuri, proud word. 
 Kumhiice, tr., rough or hasty plaiting or di;iug up of hair. 
 Kiiml (?) awdkhnu sdi mu sd masa takii na kunil, we always put 
 
 yokes on the necks of our goats. 
 Khmia, da kumia, ahln da kumia, the thing is disgraceful. 
 Kummdta, pi. of, gums ; jaw-bone. 
 Kumoyinka (ga), in your souls. 
 Kfim^i, tr., to tie up in a bundle. 
 Kumci, or da kinnci, pregnant. 
 Kumci, D., a dense forest. Itdce daydwa ivurl data akoi 
 
 hainga. Jukuki ne enda bdhit hahii/a. 
 Kumia, n., shame, modesty, becoming disposition, or frame of 
 
 mind. Basin khinia, want of , absence of it; presumption. 
 Eumidia, tr., to reproach. Yi kumia, to act disgi-acefully. 
 
 Suka kumia taUi, they have reproached thee, Kumidnka 
 
( 95 ) 
 
 madehewa, the respect for thee is diminishing. Midiim ya 
 
 ji /fUmianhi ha hi Ji kumidn miitum ? 
 Kuvilciimmia, n., euphorbia, growing from one and a-half to 
 
 two feet in height, and is very poisonous, supplying the 
 
 matter with which arrows are poisoned. (13r., vol. i., 
 
 p. 532). 
 Kumurci (pi. htmnrtai) , n., an adder, snake. 
 Kfcna, n,, a loathsome disease. 
 Kimdn fislnsa, the fierceness of his anger. 
 Kimadcgga, u., risk, hazard of life or horly ; rushing into 
 
 danger. V., to run a risk, to incur danger. 3U = mai- 
 
 Jiunadegga, one who runs a risk ; the same as dandumi or 
 
 dindumi or rawiya. 
 Kunawal Icdsa, n., an earwig. 
 Kundri toha (?). Kr. 
 
 Kimdawa or kimdawa, n., playing or splashing in water. 
 Kundif the same as /cdraml ruhiotii, a pocket-book, memo- 
 randum. 
 Kiindimi, or Imnduma, tr., to prune, to trim, to cut off, as all 
 
 the hair of the head. Mikunduvii, a man who has no hair, 
 
 whose head is shaved. 
 Kangae (ph hunfa), foam. (Kr.) 
 Kunkole, n., a buckler. 
 Kunhima (pi. Icu/t/cumai), n., a woman with very small, or 
 
 apparently no breasts. 
 Kun/cumi, adj., rich ; ya zdma kunlcumin tdzori, he became a 
 
 rich merchant. 
 Kunkura, n., a tortoise. Na yi mdki kunkura, I play the 
 
 tortoise with you (said when called by some one and you 
 
 hide yourself, and do as if you did not hear). 
 Kunkuwa, i. q. silri, ant-hill. 
 Kunu, n., water-gruel. 
 Kunydye; suiiyi korinsa hinydye,theY made the furrows long. 
 
 Part., humydye, m., kumydyia, f. (pi. /ttw^ayw), deep, long. 
 Kuosa, kuQso, n., a pelican. 
 
( 9G ) 
 
 Kvpturn, blasted, not full in the car. 
 
 Kur=i'n; as en kana so, da kur kana so., su di'ika data nr. 
 
 Knrdda, pi. Luradai ; dan gaf.ari, pi. T/dn (jatCiri, n., a hatcliet. 
 
 KuraJiura (pi. kuskure), n., missing, offunco, faults, sins, mis- 
 deeds; and kur akur a {pi. knraJcurai). 
 
 Kurdma, pr. n., a district between Kattab and Kauru, north of 
 Kadano. All the inhabitants understand Hausa. 
 
 Kurdri, n., threatening. Yi kurdri=i/i hdda yro. 
 
 Kuraye, pr. n. of a town. 
 
 Kurba, iv., to sip. 
 
 Kurha, to Avring out, to strain. 
 
 Kurdi, add : kurdin laifi, a trespass fine. 
 
 Kurdi, collective noun. Kurdi da ni ke da fiu nd hauesn ga 
 maigona. Kurdi ha su son tdlaka ; en ya yi Gahaz su yi 
 ydnia ; ni ga yi kudu su yi arewa. Money never sticks to a 
 poorman,if hegoes to the Eastitgoestothe West, if he goes 
 to the South it goes to the North. Tdlaka hai jl dadi ha. 
 
 Kurdin kai. head-money, poll-tax, 
 
 Kurdugi, adj. and n., a strong, powerful, robust, influential 
 man. Lokoja, gariyi anasdra da midanPnsa. Wuni 
 Bature akaklra da hdkin Haitsa kurdugi, dma da magdna 
 Anasdra JDokita Baikie, si ne ya kafa garl nan, don wonan 
 anaklrdsi wota rdna Lokoja, garin kurdu, i. 
 
 Kurdugu, n., shortness, thickness. 
 
 Kureci, n., a kind of scab in the heads of children. 
 
 Kiirfa (pi. kurfai), n., leather leggings for riding. 
 
 Kurfu, n., flogging. 
 
 Kuri, in ota kuri and olie kilri ; a round i and round h in 
 Arabic writing. 
 
 Kuria, n., interior, inside of a house. 
 
 Kilria, n., lots. Yi kuria, to draw or cast lots. Mu yi kilria 
 wonda duk kuna tafdda hisa garesi. Ga si anyi kuria. 
 
 Kuria, n., some kind of drum. Maikuria, one who beats the 
 drum, called kilria. 
 
 Kuriya, n., a tree the bark of whicb is used to stain teeth with. 
 
( 97 ) 
 
 Kurlzi, n., a field-plant with a red flower, used by dyers, but 
 
 said to be injurious to corn. 
 Kurki, n., a crane, or some kind of bird. 
 Kurkura, tr., to scrape anything ; to rinse, as tho mouth. See 
 
 darwoiya, 
 Kurmdke, intr., to be deaf. 
 Kurniin godda, n., a small deer, smaller and browner than 
 
 godda. 
 Knrmuwa, n., playing or splashing in water. 
 Kama (pi. Icurnoni, kurdne and hurndye), n., a rlianmeceous 
 
 bush ; a variety of dates, with orange-coloured fruit. 
 Kurafu, n., a whip. 
 Kurmua, plunging, wading in water. 
 Kurukij n., brushwood, underwood, forest. 
 Ktirungu, n., sheat-fiijh with large broad head, dark skin. 
 Kurukpka, n., a fish-eating bird. 
 Kurum, n., a common kind of bug found under leaves of 
 
 pumpkins, 
 Kururua, n., contention, commotion; clamour, tumult, uproar. 
 
 Yakuhu si he mutum maikttruru (Gen. xxvi,, 27). Bk. 
 Kurtu, n., a round calabash, opening on the top. 
 Kurucia ta maneci kowa ya zufa ya lalcita (?}. Kr. 
 Kurucianci, n., tender age. Kurucia. 
 Kusa (pi. kusosi), n., iron nail. 
 Kusa, adv. and n., near and nearness. 
 Kusdnta, tr., to bring near to, to cause to approach. 
 Kusdce ; as, ka kusclce da ni, come nearer to me. 
 Kils/iUre, tr. and intr., to miss, to slip ; kadd sauna su kusk?ire, 
 
 that my footsteps slip not. 
 Kiisu, n., the penis (in Kano). 
 Kusu, n., a rat. Prov., giiva garin woni hisii, the elephant is 
 
 a rat in some countries. 
 Kusum hUrua, n., a reed like corn, it g'rows with the grain ; 
 boys make flutes of the reed. Another explanation is, 
 kamdn ddiva, ha bi /cdSe ddvca. Ana hfc.sa kdrdnsa. 
 
 o 
 
( 98 ) 
 
 Kusurua (pi. husuroyi), n., corner; gertdtu kusurpyi, polished 
 
 corners. Kusuroyin hainyoyi. 
 Kiisalcuse (pi. hitSakumi), n., sore on the foot or heel. 
 KuHf'wa (pi. hmieya), n., grave. 
 Kuta and mazdkuta (?). 
 Kutafdni (pi. kutafdnai), n., round shield ; weapons. MaiJm- 
 
 tafdiii, the person who goes about dancing for cowries. 
 Kuti, n., a pagan masquerater. 
 Kiitofi, n., any kind of bead necklace. 
 Kiitton, n., a fox. 
 
 Kiitufdni, n., a buckler =7i-w^fl/tm/. 
 Kutup hutup, tottering, very tottering, i.e. fofo, the old man 
 
 with age. 
 Kuturi, n,, back of ridge of os inominatum ; lower loins. 
 Ki(^a,intY.,tOYUsh.dov!n = yagdngaraandhica. Yalcucacihlntdro. 
 Kuturtura, n., chips of wood. 
 Kuwa, n., caution, warning, precaution. Kuiva don hardiji, 
 
 public proclamation. Anlcdyi musa kuwa sui'ika yi kuinla. 
 Kuwure, tr., to extinguish. 
 Kuyakuye zdki, n., lion's whelps ; young lions. 
 Kuzhdra, n., coriander. 
 
 Kuzewa (pi. kuzeyi), n., burial-place. Sii<^^^)''f« (Kr-) 
 Kwdlua, n., brain. Sun tamdha herci H kwdnta kwdludnsa, 
 
 they supposed sleep would quiet his brains. 
 Kwdba, tr., to reprove, to admonish ; to blame, to check. 
 
 See note, 135, Hausa Dictionary. 
 Kwahdhen kclsa, n., mortar. 
 Kwdye, pr. n. of a female. 
 Kwdke = tqfe, fading away. 
 Kwaki, n., a slender brownish snake ; a snake like Tsafi da 
 
 rdna, but of lighter colour. 
 Kwdkwa, n.,the fruit of the oil-palm. 
 Kwalfa (pi. kivalfpji), n., shell. 
 Kwdlo = kwdro (pi. kwaloli), n., kernel. 
 Kivalkwdsa, n., wry small black ants. 
 
{ 99 ) 
 
 Ewdmo, n., a grey-spotted bean ; a small red bean much used 
 for horses. 
 
 Kwdmsa, n., mucus in the eye. 
 
 Kwdna, n., a bribe of the Koruofa. 
 
 Kwdna (pi. kicandki), day; also Jcondnai stinha hare; ako 
 kwaniiha, his days were numbered, ended. Kicdndld 
 hokoi muna cihin ddzi miina ydivo muna ci dtan itdtua 
 muna kwdna hisa itdce, dun foron ahin ddzi. Kwdnaki ne 
 ya Tcdmesa, it is the effect of the times. Kwdnaki ya yi, 
 the time has come, it is time now. 
 
 Kwdndn zdmne, n., vigil, watch, wake. 
 
 Kwdngara (pi. kwdngaru) , white shields of ivalwazi skins. 
 
 Kwdngi, n., bamboo. 
 
 Kivdnce, tr., to lie with ; lie down. 
 
 Ku'dnta kaswa, n., large scaled fish. 
 
 Kwdnta, caus. of kwance, to lay down, to lay oneself 
 down ; kwantdsta, lay thyself down. Kwatdta. 
 
 Kwdnto, to lie in wait ; doh kuruata. 
 
 Kwdran alkdma, n., grain of corn. 
 
 Kwdra, n._, a rope of four leather strips plaited round. 
 
 Kwdre, tr., to peel, to strip, as bark of a tree, or skin of an 
 animal, which can be pulled off by hand. 
 
 Kwarere, kicariya (pi. kwareni), stripped, opened, uncovered, 
 done, spent. 
 
 Kwdi'i, n., soundness, strength, thickness, solidity. Maikvxlri, 
 strong, stout, solid, or gay person j a person gaily dressed, 
 Kwdri and kimrika, n., weevil in corn ; a little beetle. 
 Hausa ndsa tana kwdri, his Hausa is getting 
 perfect. 
 
 Kivdron mazi, n., gum-arabic. 
 
 Kvmsa, pi, kwaspsi (?). 
 
 Kwdse or kwdce, tr., to seize, take by force. Ya kdwo ydki 
 ddtvdki alih H kwdce Fuldni. Ba ka kwdce kdiiku ? In a 
 good sense, — to rescue, to deliver ; to defend oneself. 
 
 Kwdyan ddn ice (pi. kwayoyi didn ice), n., fruit of trees. 
 
( 100 ) 
 
 Kcudzo, ir., tying gently; endeavouring; da Icwdzo, diUgcut, 
 
 diligently ; earnestly, earnestness. 
 Kyauta, tr., to make presents ; to treat benevolently ; ya 
 
 Jcyauta iiidni da ydiua. 
 Kwibi, n., side. 
 
 Kwilkin kwofa, n., door-steps ; also ddJcin Jcivnfa. 
 Kwiydnydn uhanylzi, n., the handmaid of the Lord. 
 Kwdhe = Jcicclhef to rebuke, reprove; convince. Aikokinsa 
 
 ahwolxjsu. Anahwabesu, they are being checked, coerced. 
 Kwociya gctba, n., the raised front of the saddle; hwociya hdyd, 
 
 the raised back part of the saddle. 
 Kw(jda=lcgda, adv., from the first, even at first. 
 Kwgda, tr., to drink off, to finish, to satisfy, gratify, in- 
 dulge in. 
 Kwgdei, n., craving, longing for. 
 Kw6lli=t6zali, n., antimony. 
 
 Kwolkwolif fafddi, n., plate in front of a horse's face, 
 Kwonda, to restore: ya hwunda, r(mia = ya Icgiae da rduia, 
 
 he restoreth ray soul. 
 Kwondeggi, n., bracelet of gold or silver used by kings or 
 
 great men. 
 Kwondcriya, n., a large hook or clip for fish, used by the 
 
 hand. 
 KwonenG=^KwMiene, burnt. 
 Kwora, n., looseness. 
 Kwdrami= Kgraoni, n., valley. 
 Kworaya, n., a round iron with rings for giving a tinkling 
 
 sound, perhaps a cymbal. 
 Kwore, n., dried or blasted trunk of a tree. 
 Kwore, n., a dark-blue tobe. 
 Kwori hi a, n., some sort of dawa. 
 Kwpn (pi. hwordye), n., furrows ; place of springs. Masuno' 
 
 ma suka yi noma hisa ga hay ana, suka yi kwOri masn- 
 
 ^awa. (Kr.) 
 Ktvgri (pi. kworivinawa), n., quiver ; and kwnrkaro (pi. kwor- 
 
( 101 ) 
 
 hworei), n., spindle or wheel inside a weaver's sliuttlc, any 
 
 spindle. 
 Kworno, n., grass bag. 
 Kworra, n., choking. 
 Kivorra, n., stilts. 
 Kivori'a kworra, a mat, small mat. 
 Kworro, tr. and intr,, to choke from swallowing anything. 
 
 Makwura, to choke or strangle with hand or rope. 
 Kwororofi, mihwororofi, n., one with sunken eyes. 
 Kivosandi, n., wall or partition inside a round house. 
 Kwosiisu, n., indigo which is ripe with dawa. 
 Kwosiytty n., foaming at the mouth ; snapping, biting at, as a 
 
 horse. 
 Kwotandy n., strings of beads of cowries round the loins of 
 
 ■wom.en=fa]ikiija, n., large stone beads. 
 Kwozo, n., a toad. 
 Kyada, n., bow. 
 Kyanuia=lieanwa, n., a cat. 
 Kijau-=kedo, kydvja, kyankydwa, good, handsome, beautiful; 
 
 n., beauty. 
 Kyauta, as previously written keauta, tr., to do good, bestow 
 
 kindness, to bless. Kai ka kyatUa ga kdsdnka, Psalm 
 
 Ixxxv. 1. Ya kyaiita mdni da ydiva. 
 Kyemru, n,, a reed, strong rough grass for arrows. 
 Kivuday to trim; to repair as a knife. 
 
 Kicilgi=^ruri, n., roaring, bellowing, as a lion, leopard, or bull. 
 Kwilgi, n., a small piece of iron used by Fatake to correct their 
 
 people. 
 Kwura, n., a chisel for cutting iron. 
 Kivura (pi. kwarareki), n., a wolf. Kwurarcki masuzowdri, 
 
 ravening wolves. 
 Kivurankdriji, n., a magnet, loadstone. 
 Kydo = kedo, and its various forms, as kydowa, kyauta, &c. 
 
 Ahin da ke yi mdni kydo da ydro, that which pleases me 
 
 in the boy. 
 
( lo^ ) 
 L. 
 
 Ladna, n., curse ; abomination. 
 
 Ladnene, ladncna (pl. ladnenu), wrctcliccl^ cursed, abominablo. 
 
 Lahuda and lahudi, adv., just so, certainly, undoubtedly, indeed. 
 
 Laddhi and ladehi, n., lowliness, bumility, reverential 
 submission. 
 
 Lacldma, n., contrition, remorse, regret, grief. Sai anxji 
 laddma Jcdna atuha. Ladfana, i. q. yin zinliii, sliow 
 compassion, pity, mercy. Vbanglzi ya mdiice, ha si 
 laddma (?). 
 
 Ladehi, tr,, showing proper respect to persons. Ya fdrcsda 
 masulndehi, da hala'imn, ho directs (causes to go) the 
 humble by judgment ; ya hoya mdsu hainydnsa. Ga 
 JJhangizi na yi ladehi, to the Lord I pay deference, offer 
 supplication, &c. Alherha ga masuladehi ; don su gdzi 
 di'mia. En yi ladehin kaina ga. Da ladehi, with 
 humility = humbly. 
 
 Lafdnha da zUri, n., a kind of alharini cloth. 
 
 Ldfi^n zlTii arzilii ne, bodily health is a blessing. 
 
 Laliiya, as Sallan lahiya, Passover. See Rdgonlaiya. 
 
 Ldhira, add : the future state. 
 
 Laia,i.q.ldya,w6da ankaruhiita, some sort of writing, as charms. 
 
 Laiyan daiika hisa, leave off firing. 
 
 La'ifi' or le'iji. Add : maidaulcin la'ifi, n., propitiator. 
 
 Laiya and rdgon laiya, slaughtering of the lamb. It does not 
 refer to the Pascal Lamb, but to the Kurban Bairam, that 
 is, the feast in commemoration of Abraham's willingness 
 to offer up Isaac. 
 
 Ldlca, add : slime, a greyish kind of mud ; a black or gilla- 
 ceous soil. (Br., vol. iv., p. 169). 
 
 LnhJhi, n., office, ministi'ation ; Orders. 
 
 Lakomdri, n,, a small pad or cushion. 
 
 Ldlaho, as : woni dan ya Idlahoni, some kind of cold caught me. 
 We say, " I caught a cold." 
 
( 103 ) 
 
 Ldlabe, tr., to form, to handle. Kalaldhcni and cllcin uwdia. 
 
 Laldta, intr., to loiter, liuger. 
 
 Ldlalta, tr., to tack in sewing. 
 
 Lalatdce, lalatuta (pi. lalatdfn). Lalatdtun ni dsuzunufai, 
 
 miserable sinners ; worthless, mean, low fellow. Ahukin 
 
 lalatdce lalaface. 
 Laldse, tr., to persuade by flattery. 
 Laldsi, add : Jca yi mdsa laldSi, don ha sdmu alherinsa ; v., to 
 
 flatter, flattery. 
 Laldta, tr., discomfort, to cut ofi", to bring to nought, to be of 
 
 none effect. 
 Laldci, yi laldci. Sina yin lalacinsa, he is acting wrecklessly. 
 Laldce, tr., to efface. Muna lalacewa, we are passing away, 
 Ldle, to have, or be in need of; da Idle, of necessity, being 
 
 necessary. 
 Ldli, a plant with yellowish flower, which is used for dying 
 
 the hands and feet. 
 Lamholo or zambolo, n., large navel. 
 Lamfdlwa, n., gero with short heads. 
 Ldmi, pr. n. f. 
 
 Ldmirii, tr., to devise, to plan. Suna Idmirun daukan raina. 
 Ldmuni and Iddan Idmunia wurl nan, the reward or fee for 
 
 trading at a place ; surety. Ahin da sun yi Idmuna 
 
 dominlcu, that which they have undertaken in your behalf. 
 Ldmmita, tr., to be surety for ; to permit, to consent, to secure. 
 
 Malumunta mdsa-mdta, male or female witnesses; 
 
 sponsors at baptism ; godfathers or godmothers. 
 Ldmunceha, n., gift, present, probably for protection. 
 Lamunce, tr., to credit, to give on credit. 
 Ldnaiie, landnia (pi. Idndnu), and Idnandnu, cursed. 
 Ldna&i, n., dried leaves of onions. 
 Ldhgi, n., a long narrow bag for salt. 
 Ldfigo, n., gcro with long heads. 
 Larahdnci, adj., Arabic. Woni sdrmdyi sina yin magdna 
 
 Ldraldnci, one of the young men spoke Arabic. 
 
( 104 ) 
 
 Laruhc and dn Ldrahc (pi. Liirahdwa) , n., an Arab. 
 
 Larilra (pi. larurai)^fvohdlla, n., trouble. LnliciCin larilra, a 
 
 time of trouble ; adversity. 
 Lcisa, n., afternoon. 
 Ldso or Zasso = hauya, numeral twenty. 
 Lascwa, and da lasewa, being blunt. 
 LaSi, tr., to lick. Ydn garurua anlcisf'su, all tlic small towns 
 
 are licked up, or swept away. 
 Lauas : — 7jai hhjan lauas yai zua GonSa. (Kr.) 
 Laudi ha haraya ha, " bending is not breaking.^' 
 Launi, n., colour. Launin fun da hdmham. 
 Laurie, n., braces, , 
 
 Lame, hairy ; short or bent arm. Mailause, one who has a 
 
 short arm. 
 Lazo, mulifi da lazo. 
 Lauze (pi. lauzuna), n., sickle. 
 Lefe, n., a kind of shallow basket. 
 Lefedi na dumhi (pi. lefida na dunki), n., thimble. 
 Leferit (pi. leferai), n., large pad or cushion for a donkey; a 
 
 small kind is called laJcomdri. 
 Leila, n., a dance practised by young men. 
 Lelce, tr., to slam a door. Lclce or tehi. Yarlnia tana Iflce 
 
 uhanta sanu. 
 Lema, n., a large umbrella ; pi. lemoni, tents. Llman tdraun, 
 
 tent of assembly, meeting. 
 Lcni. Ni de Tcuka leni da H. (Kr.) 
 Lenzelu or linzilu, n., Gospel. 
 Lesi (pi. lesuna), n., branch. 
 
 Letdfin Alia, n., a butterfly ; literally, God's Book. 
 Letdjin AlwdH, n.. Book of the Covenant. 
 
 Lefde, n., heavy cavalry. Kangarwa, light or ordinary cavalry. 
 Lefidi or lufudi, n., power. Mai- (pi. masu-) lufadl, n., 
 
 heavy armed soldiery. 
 Liha, to look in, to make one's appearance from concealment, 
 
 to peep. Na rujidyi na yi rjhdna, amd en na zo na lika 
 
( 105 ) 
 
 sal si tofa ! I have been hasty, or precipitate, I have done 
 
 some mischief ; if I should make my appearance or show 
 
 myself again, it (the mischief) would be sure to sprout or 
 
 bud again. — (A difficult sentence). 
 Lilihi, n., the veil of a woman, and the veil of the temple. 
 LUldkivo huvidta, n,, hollow under the lower jaw. 
 Lillikwo, n., the hollow of the armpit. 
 Lilo, n., swing, swinging. Lilo da dddl ; kadd uiaitnja ait 
 
 gdni sii kiiijo sufddo. 
 Limka, tr., to fold in long folds. 
 Limhawa, n., long fold, plait, hem. 
 Limnia, tattooing with short horizontal lines. 
 LinzUa and lenzlla, n., the Gospels, or the New Testament. 
 Lisafta, tr., to impute. 
 LtSa, n., evening. Limn JJhanglzi, the Lord's S upper = ;Da§ 
 
 5lbenbmal. 
 Loaca, tr., to press work in hand. 
 Lodce and liuice, tr., to tread upon, to crash. 
 Loacece, loaceciya (pi. loacecn), pressed, kneaded. Loacecen 
 
 hdnci, a pressed or flattened nose. 
 Ldda=daffera, n., a herb, the root of which is put in milk to 
 
 keep it from spoiling. 
 Logba, n., uncircumcision; a herb. 
 Logo, n., a small liquid measure. A word with deep and many 
 
 meanings. Speech. 
 Lokdcin halagdge, n., age of maturity. 
 
 Loko and ice loko, n., an oak-tree, or terebinth. (Bennett). 
 Lolio, n., a stage in a journey for the rest of carriers to put 
 
 down their loads. 
 Lolwja, n., a town at the confluence of the Niger and the Benue, 
 
 and Mission-station of the Church Missionary Society. 
 Lok6ko,Y)r. n.,a small walled town on theleft bank of the Kogin Bai. 
 Loldci^ n., \'dzmeas=ktnwuya and rag unci. 
 JyfJma (?), crust ; or moment (?). Lovki guda la ha malum 
 
 dilnia, Iwfina arhdin kaclsi a Idhlra. 
 
{ lOG ) 
 
 Lomaye=nar7ce or nerke (?). 
 
 Lonlcwasc, tr., to bend, to be crooked ; to humble one. 
 
 Lozc, or perhaps toze, n., some kind of popper. 
 
 Luhiya, n., ripe dates tied up in a mat. 
 
 Lulu, n., a nugget of gold. (Crowther.) 
 
 Lumhu, Jumhunsa, pr. n., a wild tribe near Mada, and east of 
 
 Lafiyal Berebere. 
 Liinfdsa, n., sighing, groaning. 
 Lunfasi or nunfdH, n., breath, &c. 
 Lilra, to consider, notice. 
 Lurii (pi. lurina), n., a fine country cloth. 
 Liisuna, pi. form, branches. 
 
 M. 
 
 3Ia, adv., too. Add : Mutd tdica ma ta fdda maul lidlca, my 
 own wife, too, told me the same. 
 
 Maabha, n., a male singer, one who sings the praises of the 
 great. 
 
 Maaikdci, n., workshop, or place. Maaihicin gC>na, n., 
 husbandry, field labour. Maikaci (pi. maaikdta), 
 labourer. 
 
 Madsai, n., faults, i. q. suabuna, transgressions. 
 
 Maauni, n., measure. Maaunin zdji, n., heat meter, ther- 
 mometer. (Bk.) 
 
 Maaika (pi. maaidku), n., the person sent, messenger. 
 
 Mahdntali, n., a button. 
 
 Mahir, n., i. q. hirsa, n., white muslin or taffety for turbans. 
 
 Mahlriki (pi. mahirikai) , n., a charming-stick, magic wand. 
 
 Mahilgi, mahuga (pi. mabngai), threshing-floor. 
 
 Mahuya, n., secret or hiding-place. 
 
 Mdda, n., a wild tribe, east of Lafiyal Berebere. 
 
 Maddde, lasting, enduring. 
 
 Maddci, name of a tree. (Br., vol. iv., p. 210.) 
 
 Madacia, n., gall. 
 
 Maddgu, n., a leader. 
 
( 107 ) 
 
 Madaidaici, n., moderation. Collect for 3rd Sunday in 
 
 Advent. (Joliu.) 
 Madat. Occurs once only, in the sentence, Ai Mdllam ya 
 
 ijja a madat, " Well the Mallam knows how to intone.'' 
 Madauhi (pi. madauka), n., handle. 
 Madaukdhi, n., the Highest. Madaukdkin kaina, rx., the lifter 
 
 up of my head. The Most High God. 
 Madaivdmi, adj., everlasting. Mu iija mu sdmu hdsken rai 
 
 madawdmi. 
 Madina, pr. name of a town. 
 Madphia, n., a tree the wood of which becomes red by (exposure 
 
 to the air. 
 Madogara, n., stay, support, rock, prop, refuge. 
 Madogari, n., support, supporter. Kai ne maddgardri 
 
 kvr'iatdta. 
 Maduhi, n., spy-glass. Maduhi en gdnl nesa. 
 Maduga, n., a broker ; he is dbokin sdwara. 
 Mafdka, n., a lurking-place ; a place to lie in wait. 
 Mafdri, n., beginning, origin, case, reason. Ba ku tdmhdyi 
 
 mafdri ? 
 Mafdsa, n., thieves ; kogin mafdsa, n., a den of thieves. 
 Mafijita, those that excel. 
 Mafokdcin Idp, n., a mirror. 
 
 Magahaci, noman agentis ; opponent, adversary. 
 Magahaci=mafiyi. (John.) 
 Magdgi, n., pangs. Sun yi Tiazlzia, sun yi magdgi, they reel to 
 
 and fro, they stagger. Magdgin mf/tua, sharpness of 
 
 death. 
 Magdmman hdgha, n., lower edge of cow's jaw near the angle 
 
 of the jaw. 
 Magdngami, n., meeting together, joining of; confluence of the 
 
 river Niger and Benue. 
 Mdganin kilda, n., strips of leather over horses' eyes to keep 
 
 off flies. 
 Mdganin zau, n., purgative medicine; remedy for diarrhcea, 
 
( 108 ) 
 
 Magari (pi. mafjacjdni), n., rasp. 
 
 Magdriya, n., a tree, variety of dates ; mag aria, sycamore ; 
 
 also mulbcrry-trce. 
 Magazin garl, overseer of a country. (Kr. and Br.) 
 Maghdta and maghdci, n., destruction, place of destruction. 
 Magbuya, n., hole, den, hiding-place. 
 Magednwa, n., falling off of a little toe from any disease. 
 Maigeduwa, n., one whose little toe has fallen off. 
 Magena, n., a tree of the leaves of which an infusion is made 
 
 which stains yellow, and with indigo yields a green dye. 
 Mdgini, a horse, one of whose feet is white. 
 Magirimi, n., the conviction of being old ; great. Fa g'lrimnn, 
 
 he is older than I. 
 Magirhai, n., after-birth. 
 Maguday n., fugitive ; sai sun hd magiida. 
 Magadan rUa, n., water-course, water-side. 
 Magitdanci (pi. magudantdye), n., slave (who run aAvay ?). 
 Magunpa=7nazimpa, n., a tree the fruit of which is used for 
 
 killing fish, 
 Mahaifi, n., womb. Maha'ifa, after-birth. 
 MahaJcdlta, n., prudent person, man of sense or wisdom = 
 
 masuhankala. 
 Mahalici, n., Creator, maker. 
 Malidma, pr. n. of a male. 
 Mahamildi, n., white unstarched calico, 
 Mahan Tcdcin hdci = ma'iwa. 
 Mahdrma, n., a napkin, handkerchief. 
 Mahaukaci, n., a simpleton, fool. 
 Mahora, n., any arm- ring of stone, so called because it is made 
 
 in Mahora, a town near Yauri. 
 Mai=ma^i or masa, to him ; as, na ce ma'i, in the dialect of Kabi. 
 Mai, or in some dialects mi (pi. masu), nominal prefix formiug 
 
 nouns of verbs, adjectives, &c. (Hausa Grammar, § 26.) 
 Mid (pi. mayoyi, mnynna, maydya and mayn), oil of any kind. 
 
 Main sipdu, anointing-oil ; and ahiii ^l^ida. 
 
( 100 ) - 
 
 Ma!, mairawa (pi. maroii'dta), one who is greedy. 
 
 IToi (pi. Wtts»rtnda),n., one who issuatching, grasping, ravening. 
 
 Maialgtis, n,, a deceitful person. 
 
 Maidzia, n., a steward, store-keeper. 
 
 Maiceni (pi. masucennni), n., bill or beak of any bird. 
 
 Ma'ida, n., a table. 
 
 Ma'ida, second form. Add : ma'ida yarn giddn mreki. Ma'ida 
 
 Jcilrud, refreshing the soul. 
 Maifarin gpsi, n., a horse with a white face. 
 Maifulci and mifulci, or hitfululci (pi. mafelfeci), n., a fan to 
 
 fan with. 
 Maigdnni, n., one having a large frontal vein. 
 Maigancerma, n., a crook-backed person. 
 Maigidra, n., one that does good, is friendly, gracious. 
 Maihako (pi. masuhaho), n., a fowler. 
 Maihdninya and maihdnhali wdze data, n., a person with one 
 
 eye ; and maiizia guda, a one-eyed person. 
 Maiido, the seeing one. Maiido ha H gode Alia sai rdnda 
 
 (j'dnajt, da) ya get makdfo. 
 Maihdda, pr, n. of a male. 
 Maikdte (pi. inaiMta), n., the Mighty. 
 Maikdmna, one who hopes, trusts. 
 Mai/n'dzi, a lean person or animal. 
 Maildnzi or riiaitaurm Jcai, u., a stiff-necked or hard-headed 
 
 person. 
 MaiMfi, n., a hair-dresser. 
 Maikodai (pi. mdsu-), n., a covetous person. 
 Malkoci (pi, mdsukutn) , n., one possessed of power = mailkoci. 
 Maikudurii, n., one guilty of cruelty to prisoners. 
 Maikumata, n., black variety of rice. 
 Mailaddhi and mailedehin zucid, n., one lowly in heart, meek, 
 
 humble. 
 Maildmuni, n., surety, Maild7mini ya Ida hdsi ga vialsdye, 
 
 one who is surety for another. 
 Maimai, tr., to repeat, do over and over again, as tilling, 
 
( no ) 
 
 planting tlie ground. Yi maimaifdiva hdnza, vain 
 
 repetitions. Na natdwa maimaita, doubling, 
 Maimdki, n., a substitute (?). Yciydnha su ?Mma maimdhln 
 
 uhdnenha, a inaimdldnhu, by your substitutes, or sureties. 
 Maimi'M, n., a substitute. Maimehinsi and wuvlnna, in Lis 
 
 place, stead or room. 
 Maikwgra, i. q. zdhua, n,, a guinea-hen. 
 Maimdhu, one wbo makes promises. 
 Mainfma mdta, n., a wlioremonger. 
 Mainema mdza, n., a harlot. 
 Maineman aure, u., a suitor for a wife. 
 Mainririwo, n., ground-nut oil. 
 
 Mainira and maizdra, n., large species of wild duck. 
 Mairlda (pi. masurlda), .one who is snatching at, grasping, 
 
 ravening for something. 
 Maisdntu, n., lively, healthy, active person. 
 Maisdta, one who steals. Maisdta dold da maiscUan milium 
 
 sai lidsi ne hidnsa. 
 Maiswdho, n., a transgressor. 
 Millie, tr., to turn. Ka mcd'^emn, turn us. 
 Malta, n., witchcraft. 
 Maitdfsin Icai, n., a pillow. 
 
 Maitdkan kdsa, anything that touches the ground, 
 MaitdJcaha, n,, one that is mourning, makes lamentations. 
 ]\Iaitaun = dahir, n., steel, that is, hard iron. 
 Mai^andni, n,, a mighty, strong person; a person hard or 
 
 severe in his doings, 
 Maildro, n., a keeper, one that guards or watches. 
 MalOroci, n., a coward, cowardice, 
 
 MacirJcia ; aht'i maicirlda goma, ten-stringed instrument. 
 Maiuwa, n,, one that has a mother. Maiiiwa sdrilii nc, the 
 
 mother of the king. 
 Maiwa, n., Indian, or some species of corn. 
 Maiwa, i. q. manicOruwa, n., a fowl, biown and spotted like a 
 
 partridge. 
 
( HI ) 
 
 Maiija, tr.^ to cut as grass. Dan maii/a, grass-cutter. 
 Maiyamka (pi. masv^andi or maigandi), handkerchief with a 
 
 pocket. 
 Maiijdnci, n., priority in rank or birth. 
 Maheri, n., spectacles. 
 Makadaita gidd ? 
 Makaffi, n., sockets. 
 Makdfo da icaiijo, i\., a variety of dawa, small and not much 
 
 valued = /J^(^v^ 
 Makaidada, magota, n., escape, excuse. 
 Makdma, pi., they who caught. 
 Makamdnta ; as, Ɓa makawdnta ciklnsu, there is not any like 
 
 me, or my equal, among them. 
 Mdkankdcia, mischievous. Gd fa mdkdnkacia, ko kare, hai fita 
 
 kankdci ha. 
 Makdmi, n., a weapon. Ka daukii ydnza makdmlnJca, kivdrlnka 
 
 da hdkclnka. Krause uses it like sokesoke, wounds 
 
 received in war. 
 Makdngara, pi., the rebellious ; and rebelling. 
 Makdri, n., an inventor, originator. Kdria ko gdskia 7ii ban 
 
 sdni ha, ahin da naji, nafddi, bani ne makdrinsa ha. 
 Makariaci (pi. makaridta), a liar; calumniator. 
 Makdri, n., some kind of grass which is edible. 
 Makardm herci, n., sleep ; or, go to sleep late (Psalm xxvii. 3). 
 Makdrwa, n., quails. 
 Makasari, n., a widow. (Bennett). 
 Makaskuci (pi. makaskdsta) , poor, oppressed. Kit kwdce makas- 
 
 kdce {ta ?), rescue the poor and needy. 
 Makdbi, n., executioner. 
 
 Maketaci, as hdhu maketaci sai wonda ya gdni mugu hai fadd ha. 
 Makidya, n., pastor, shepherd. A wandering unsettled life, as 
 
 a shepherd and pastoral people ; also makidyiya and 
 
 makiya. Ga gdriken onakidyanka, against the sheep of 
 
 thy pasture. 
 Mak'ia and makiya (pi. makidyi), u., a hater, enemy. Ba 
 
( 112 ) 
 
 irtnJca su gdde kofan makiydnsu, thy seed shall inherit 
 
 the gates of their enemies. Singular, makl, and mak/'/tji, 
 Makihiya, n., a porcupine. 
 Makoddicl, n., covctousness, or covetous persons. Makudatta 
 
 gurasa, feasters. Greedy for. 
 Makoftanci and makoftdki, n., neighbourhood, neighbourship. 
 Makogoro and mako^i, n., the windpipe. 
 Makpki, yi, to do wondrous things. A wake at a funeral. 
 Makopta^ makuhta (pi. makohtai) , n., ne'igh.honr& ; also mahki 
 
 (pi. makota), besides other forms. 
 Mak'jra, pi. form; persecutors. Makurana da macvtana suna 
 
 daydwa, my persecutors and tormenters are many. 
 Makorwa, n., throat. Makorwata ya buse. 
 Makoydcea = mi'ilna or mijiria, n., convulsions ; fits. 
 MdkUf n., a week, period of seven days. 
 Makure, tr., to restrain, to keep oneself in check ; to connive ; 
 
 to choke, to strangle. Part., makurdre maknrdra, 
 
 makurdru, strangled. Makiwe and makare, to throttle, 
 
 suffocate. 
 Alakuri, i. q, groffai, Kr. (?). 
 
 Makuza, p. n., a town, Bamakuze, a native of Makuza. 
 Makwogwa, n., small red ants which eat meat. 
 Makwonci (pi. makivontai and makwuiita), n., sleeping-place, 
 
 burial-place. 
 Makwontan sakki, n., small hollow behind the lobe of the ear. 
 Makworuwa, n., quail or partridge. 
 Mdlafa, n., a common mat. 
 Malaldci, n., carelessness, idleness. Rdgo ko malaldci, ko mai- 
 
 klwuya su duka daia ne. 
 Mdlka and hahamalka, n., first heavy rain in Juno, before 
 
 gero is ripe. Land mdlka, S.W.., the heavy rain in August. 
 Malamunta, n., sureties for godfathers, sponsors. 
 Mdllam, n., priest. Prov., Sdi mdllam ya yi kdria. 
 Mallamci, n., priesthood. 
 M(dh, n., a whitish variety of iX^wii^tukwasaiwa. 
 
( 113 ) 
 
 MaliUhi Umdnm, n,, the curtains of his pavilion or tent. 
 
 MalolOt n., double chin. 
 
 Mdlwa, like gigar, n., heavy leg-irons. 
 
 Mamalakl and mamaldka, intens. v., to reign, to rule ; a ruler, 
 
 one in power. 
 Mamacdn hasdra, n., wine-press. 
 Manda, a Bornu word ; as, oni manda ivdnan ta he, what this 
 
 meaneth. 
 Mdna, intsij. ; as, of course ; Kai ne, mdna, you are it, of course. 
 Maneci (?). 
 
 Manemi rdngumi ha si hdna sundJci ? 
 Mdnii/e, n., semen, seminal fluid. 
 Manhaddnia, contracted form, mankade and kaddnia, n., the 
 
 name for Shia butter as well as for the tree. 
 Manso (pi. mansgnai\, n., forefinger. (Gen, xxxii. 2, C.) 
 Mdrd, n., a ladle. Mdrd (pi. marpni and marori), n., a piece 
 
 of calabash wood for taking out food from the pot. 
 Mara, n., the region below the navel, pubal region. 
 Mdrd, what cannot be divided into pairs ; what results in an 
 
 odd number, as 3, 5, 7, &c. 
 Mdraha, n., salutation ; ya yl vidsu mdraha, he salutes them. 
 
 Mdraha ! he gave them a hearty welcome. 
 Marddi, n., wish, desire, will. Proper name of a town in 
 
 Hausa. 
 Maragdba, n., a band. 
 Maraita, starting in the afternoon to go to any place before 
 
 marect. 
 Maraito, to come to a place having started after 2 p.m. 
 Mardiki and mararaki, n., a sieve. 
 Marahii, pr. n., Morocco. 
 
 Mdrasddelci (pi. marCisa adelci), unjust person. 
 Mdrashdnkali, n., a senseless person, wanting in sense. 
 Mdrasnauyi, not heavy, light, wanting in weight. 
 Mdras^urke, unholy, unclean. 
 Mardtu and maridtu, pr. n. of a female. 
 
 Q 
 
( lit ) 
 
 Maraija, n., one's living. Mdraya (pi. mdrai/oyi), n., a deer, 
 red skin, wliite along the belly. Mdraije, n., wild 
 goats. 
 
 Mdrcde (pi. maredai), n., a mill. Maimaredi, n., a miller, or 
 proprietor of a mill. 
 
 Marena, n., nurses, dames. 
 
 Margi, n., a spear for fishing with jagged neck (net ?).' 
 
 Mdrhahd ; sdnu siinyi marhahd, the cows salute, that is, they 
 approach from curiosity. (B?-., "African Languages," 
 page 139.) 
 
 Mdrhahi, n., welcome. Magdnasu da ivl/>ja amarl (?). 
 
 Mdri, to be fond of, to like. 
 
 Mdril-c, p. n., a tree with small pale-green leaves. 
 
 Marlki (pi. mariJca), n., handle, ouches, socket. 
 
 Marimamu, pi. f., fetters. 
 
 Mariku'e, m., marikuia, f. pi., marlcika, quarrelsome, mis- 
 chievous. 
 
 Marikita (pi. markafigara), n., a rebellious, tumultuous person. 
 
 Marikician zofua, a quarrelsome old woman. 
 
 Mdrhnari (pi. indriyoyi), n., hooks on a line. 
 
 Mdriaari, to be fond of, to like much. Ina indrmari abin nan, 
 nice, sweet to the taste. Mardmari, n., a wish, desire, 
 longing. Yi mdrmdri, to enjoy something ; as, didn 
 Jcdsa, to delight in. 
 
 Mdrmari (pi. Tndrmaril) , n., a fountain, spring of water. 
 
 Marmasto = kare = rggo=giiaza, n., sweet potato. 
 
 Mdriwa, mdrdwa, tnarowa or tnnllowa, (Bauditch) is the name 
 given to the Hausa people by the Tsi, that is the Ashanti 
 people. Hausa slaves are brought by caravans to the 
 market at Salaga, they are met with also at Akwepira. 
 Hausa slaves fought in the Ashanti war in 1874 on the 
 Ashanti side ; while others, who had once been slaves 
 among them, fought on the side of the English, under Sir 
 John Glover. 
 
 Marmdre, freq. v., to strike repeatedly. 
 
( 115 •) 
 
 Marvfi, n., mercy-seat ; lid of a box. 
 
 Marurii (pi. marurai), n., hand bait. 
 
 Mdsil or mar a, n., a ladle. 
 
 Mdsa, n., bread, pancake, cake made of beaus. 
 
 Masai, n., an earwig. Species of dung-beetle, large and 
 
 black. 
 Masdki, n., a fish resembling a pike. 
 Masdki (pi. mnsdJca), n., a weaver. 
 MaadMii itdce, n., a large wooden bowl. 
 Masai wuta, n., ma san wuta, the kindler of fire. 
 Masama, n., a place for finding anything. 
 Masdndna, n., my acquaintance. 
 
 Masdni, n., Master, Lord. Alia si ne m,asdiii ha hdioa, ha. 
 Masdni (pi. niasdna), one who knows, understands a thing. 
 Masaphi, n., resting or encamping place, haven, landing-place. 
 Mdsara, n., Indian corn. 
 Masdrauci (pi. masdrauta), n., a prince. " Kamd data na 
 
 mosdraida hufddi/' " Ye shall fall like one of the princes.'' 
 
 (Psalm Ixxxii. 7.) 
 Masasdra, n., a fever, or sickness caused by eating unripe 
 
 Indian corn. 
 Masehlci gurdsa, n., kneading-trough. 
 
 2Iasifai daydwa, many sorrows, much dishonour; mischief. 
 Masilla, n., a sail-needle ; small hammer. 
 Masirci, masete (pi, masefai and masefuna), n., a comb. 
 Masirgozi, n., a tendon. 
 Maso, n., a lover. Ahega si maso tdha ne. Masg ahin Iciimia 
 
 ga makdfta. Kodei maso ban amhaccsi ha. 
 Masomi (pi. masgma)^ n., foundation. 
 Maspro, n., a species of cress ; remedy for headache. 
 Massasdraki, n., a species of elater. 
 Masu izaro, oppressors of the hireling. 
 Masugena, n., a small green and red stripe. 
 Masukivani, n., a riding-place. 
 MasusUy n., such as fish with hand-nets. 
 
■( n<> ) 
 
 Masusuha, n., tlircshing-floor. 
 
 Masuru or maziirit, n., Zibeth cat. 
 
 Mamko, n., a cold ; masdfco we, ya kdmasi, it Is a cold that lias 
 caught him, not he tho cold. 
 
 Mamija, n., watering-place, waterside ; drunkards. 
 
 Maserlan adolci, n,, righteous judgment. 
 
 Masidi, u,, inn ; resting-place. 
 
 MaBga, n., gates. 
 
 Mamji, n., entrance. Bald anagina da maslgin gidd, that is a 
 room at the entrance of the house, that is, porch. 
 
 MaSimJidi, n., something to spread upon, a couch, sofa. 
 
 Maslmi, n., a tanner's bench. Bd)i incmmi, n., the scraping- 
 knife, consisting of a stick split in two, the sharp edges 
 of which are used to scrape the hair of the skin. Instead 
 of ma^imi itdce, slmi is likewise used. 
 
 Mataimdki, n., the Helper, the Mighty One. 
 
 Matdki (pi. matdhai), n., a ladder, steps, stairs ; a footstool. 
 
 Mdtdlahi, n., a prop, support. 
 
 Matdmhaiyi {^l.masutdmheya) ,B.n advocate, defender; inquirer, 
 questioner. Prov., Matdmhaiyi ha Si ghdce lean magdna. 
 Azerfa kurum sindria. Ankatdmhdiy a mi'itum kaddn ha 
 si so si muda mika magihia, si ce, da kal, ido matdnt- 
 hdiyi. 
 
 Matdmna is in Zamfara an infant's back-tooth ; when the set 
 is complete it is called hakOra. 
 
 Matangard, u., silver. 
 
 Matdri, n., a heap, like tillo. 
 
 Matdsa, n., foundation; what is put up, erected, pillar- 
 stand. 
 
 Matdsa, pr. n. of a town. 
 
 Matdsi, n., a small arm -shield. 
 
 Matdcin wuri, unfruitful place. 
 
 Mdlatdra and matatdra (pi. masutdro), n., a place of gathering 
 assembling. Prov., Bahd gdwo tmitatdro zuiisdye. 
 
 MatdCen koria, n., a broken vessel. 
 
( 117 ) 
 
 Matdiud, n., a snare, trap to catch birds = zamwn/a, wliich is 
 
 put ou trees, 
 Matdije, matdyia (pi. matdyii), help, helping, and helper. 
 Matimdhi, n., a companion. 
 Matiihi (pi. matukona ztrtgi) , a, rudder. 
 Matundn (pi. matundnu), n., mind ; thought. 
 
 [Words with ^ instead of ts, as formerly written.] 
 
 Ma^a, instead of viatsa, 
 
 Mu^e, instead of mdtse, tr., to smash. Prov., Goni na gundiia 
 
 md^e hoi da g atari. 
 Ma{dji (pi. maldfa), a place for idol- worship. 
 Ma^andnta, pi. form, tormentors. 
 Ma^anciija, n., the duodenum, beginning of the guts. 
 Ma^dri, ma^dsia, ina^drla, and ma^dci, n., narrow, narrowness ; 
 
 distress, calamity, trouble. 
 Ma^arJcdki, n., the Holy One. 
 Ma^dyi, n., standing-place, dwelling. 
 Ma^e, to narrow. Kadd ha ma^e wuri nan. 
 Mapyrdta, pi. form, n., cowardice, a coward. 
 Mdce, as mdtse, to die ; zdki ya mdce, only used in the 3rd 
 
 person singular. 
 Mace (pi. mdcen haifua), n., a midwife. 
 Mdci, as matsi, burning, consuming, devouring things. 
 Macizi, n., a serpent that bites. Macizi ha azin tamdyinsa, 
 
 no one has pity upon a serpent. 
 Mdcuciy a mischief-maker; ha azim tausdnsa, is not to be 
 
 pitied. 
 Matuntuhe, n., place of stumbling; a stumbling-block. 
 Maivoddta, n., the opposite of tdlahdwa, the rich and the 
 
 poor. 
 Mawaddce (pi. mawoddta), n., a rich, wealthy person. 
 Mawatdci (pi. mnivatata), a foolish, brutish person. 
 Mawusi=mafu6i, n., a borer. 
 Maydji, n,, raiment, clothes. 
 
( 118 ) 
 
 Maydha, n., an army, regiment, cohort, host. Mdijdki, an 
 officer, captain, Maiydki (pi. viasuydJci), a commander-in- 
 chief. (Br.) 
 MayCda, n., sorrow, mischief, calamity, distress, trouble. 
 Maydyi (pi. maydta), n., an interpreter. 
 Mdye, ya yi mdye, the same as ya gigita, he is inebriated, 
 
 drunken. 
 Mayenhe (pi. mayenka), n., a snuffer. Mayenkcii fitlla. 
 Mayenivata, the hungry (?). 
 Mdyes, tr., to restore. 
 Mayewan tuntuhe, n., a stumbling horse. 
 Mayinci mutiim ya hddie tukilnia ? Will a man swallow the 
 
 pot, that he may eat much ? 
 Mdzakiita, a brave person; bravery, manliness. 
 Mazdlunici (pi. mazaluinta) , n., a slanderer, calumniator; such 
 
 as act deceitfully ; an adversary. 
 Mazdmci (pi. mazamta), n., a rogue, scoundrel. 
 Mazdmni (pi. onazanna), n., inhabited, seat, dwelling-place. 
 Mdzamdza, adv., speedily. 
 
 Mazargi, n., a noose, cord for catching men or animals. - 
 Mazina, n., adulterer. A wiirin mazlna rahpnka si ke. 
 Mazuhi, n., a vessel in which bran is kept. 
 Mazarahci, n., a tempter. 
 
 Mazunta= masuru, n,, those who fish with a net. 
 Mazusdiva (may be meant for masusdiva), i. q. mahakaia, wi;se 
 
 men. 
 Mfma (pi. menai), n., a kind of deer, very large. 
 Merke, n., a species of acacia. 
 Meze, a deer, red skin, short perpendicular white marks on 
 
 the sides; also Maze, as, Maze da ya zclbara har yafddi. 
 Miy the same as ynai (pi. masii.), pronominal prefix forming 
 
 nomina actionis of nouns, adjectives and verbs. 
 Mia (pi. mioyi, midye, triidnc and midnu), n., soup, broth 
 
 sauce. 
 Midu, n., vomit. 
 
( 110 ) 
 
 Mifdrin kai and maikwnra, n., guinea-fowl=^rt6«a. 
 
 Migan cerwa, an animal ; a horse hollow-backed. 
 
 Mikdke, mikdka (pi. mikdku), stretched out; ddvici, arm. 
 
 Mikdnta, to decline. Na louce kamdn enud cikin mikdnta. 
 
 Mike, intr., to limp ; rdkuml ya mike kafdfu. (Br.) 
 
 Mimdhwura, n., cake of beans ; also called ddn ivdke. 
 
 Mimire, tr., to incline, to wish for. 
 
 Mirmirere, mirmireriija (pi. mi.rmii'ern) , rvibhed in the hand. 
 
 Mirmirto, n., edible tulu or bean. 
 
 Misdli, n., question (?). 
 
 Miskat, n., gold measure (in Kanu). 
 
 MUi, n., sighing, groaning. 
 
 Mitakinhiri, or mafarauci hisa, n., one with one or more 
 
 short toes. 
 Mitalafi, n.., an executor. 
 
 Mitamfdsa, n,, name given to the elephant, in Gobir. 
 Miyow, n., saliva. 
 Mizdkara, pr. n. of a male. 
 Mizdniy n., measure, balances, scales. Wonan kdrife ynft 
 
 woncan, Tco ansdau cikin mizdni wonan yafij'a. 
 MiH, n., a species of gum-bearing acacia. 
 Mizi da mdta, n., gold and silver; male and female. 
 MlHn kdr/fa, n., a magnet, loadstone. 
 Mizlria, n., electric fish. 
 Mizozo, n., large reddish spider, which appears chiefly at 
 
 night. 
 Mgdi=caca = guzia, n., gambling. 
 Mcgodauci (pi. modattai), n., slave-boy. 
 Mok6ci=mak6ci, n., a neighbour. 
 Moluna, pi. form, harps. 
 
 3Ioniya,n.,ih.ena,me of a town destroyed by the Goberawa. (Br.) 
 Monzgni (pi. mdnzo), n., a messenger. 
 Mgria, profitable. Don sina mgria gareni. Ɓa kamd kdnda 
 
 ha ka da mgria, it is not as though you were of no use. 
 
 v., to use, to profit. 
 
( 120 ) 
 
 Most and mo^i, tr., to move. Da ydya sul-a mo^'i cilTnta. 
 
 Movemeut, exei-tion, Izaii Jcasdnice ahU kadd ka cc 7nolln- 
 
 ka ne ya bdka. 
 Most, n., region, district, inhabited by a pagan tribe of Hausa. 
 
 See, in connection with Ashanti, Br., vol. iv., p. 292. 
 Mud, i. q. mu, we. 
 Miiciya, n., stick to stir tuo. 
 Muduru, n., the mahogany-tree : the fruit of which is washed 
 
 and eaten like ground-nuts. 
 Miigdma, muyi mugdma, to make a stay at a place for some 
 
 days. 
 3fa^w ma^an*, n., powerful medicine; it has the name ^SVZnt, 
 
 ka sdni, Drink me to know me. 
 Milyun azonce, n., a privy conspiracy, M/lgun kwuiya, n., 
 
 lieresy. 
 Mugiin sund, n , a bad name or character. 
 Mukamnku, pi. f, jaws. 
 
 Mukuru (pi. mukura and mukurori), some article of dress. 
 Malya and inurya, pr. n., a town or province south of Zinder. 
 Mumoni, m., nnwmOna, f. (pi. mumpnai), chaste, temperate, pure 
 
 person. 
 Mumtaraga, n., a hatchet or hammer. 
 Mumuna ; Banlcl inumuna koda ni ke guhro,l do not eat 
 
 meanly, although I am a bachelor. 
 Man, we ; sai mun zo, we must needs go. 
 Mundaca (pi. mundai), n., arm-ring. 
 Miini, to signify, notify, show. 
 Muni, n., ugliness, ugly person. 
 Munomuno, n., large black scorpion. 
 Murddi, n., pleasure, desire, delight. J^n ka tdji kdsua kana 
 
 hidda abin sdye, masukdsud suna tdmhdyeka, minene 
 
 murddlnka ? 
 Murddinku ya Ida, You will attain your object. 
 Murij n., a stable. Ddn muri, a horse-boy; groom. 
 MUria daukdkia, a loud voice. 
 
( 121 ) 
 
 Murfuna, iutercortinas (?). 
 
 Miirici, n., an edible root or bud of the fan-palm. 
 
 Mnrmura, and mirmlra, tr., to rub corn in the hands. 
 
 Murzdnin tudn, i\., a red seed bead. 
 
 Murze, tr., to rub hands together, as after eating ; rubbing 
 anything in the hands, as leather, to soften it. 
 
 Marzehe, muvzeka (pi. murzcku), to be drawing hand or foot on 
 the ground, as in killing a worm or insect ; rubbed, 
 smashed. 
 
 Musai, n., dead ; applied to animals of a natural death. 
 
 Milsu J yi musu, tr., to deny, to contradict. 
 
 Musulumci, adv., religious, what is becoming in a true 
 follower. Magdna ta hire, amd em ha tdmhdyeni, ha 
 musulumci ha. Musnlwmcl ha dagd hdki si ke da<jd 
 ztlcia si ke. 
 
 Muttamuru, Kr. {?). 
 
 Mrdudn Alia, n., natural death. 
 
 Miitum ya tamdha, Alia hai yirda ha, Man proposes, God 
 disposes. 
 
 Mntumci, n., humanity. In Huusa, Ba ku'da mntumci. 
 
 Muturu, n., a small Ebari cow. MtUuru kilran sdnia. 
 
 Miice, to destroy. 
 
 Muzia, n., a ladle. 
 
 Muzia, n., an owl. 
 
 Muziiru, n., a wild cat ; leopard. Muziiru na tvha, the repent- 
 ance of the Muziiru. Kdza na hdkinsa hai sdko ha, ya ce : 
 na tilha. With the chicken in his mnuth, which he has 
 no mind to drop, he says, ' I repent' j gohe ha ni hlra, or ha, 
 ni kdra gohe, I shall not repeat it to-morrow. 
 
 N. 
 
 Na=zd, to go, in the future tense only, as :dni, I am about to 
 go. But it is not possible to prove as yet that there is a 
 root nd that has this meaning. 
 
 Nd, kd, td, are used in some dialects as the substantive verb ' to 
 
 R 
 
( 1'^^ ) 
 
 be/ both personally aud impersonally, corresponding to 
 ne, lie, ce, in the Kajina dialect. iVa, lea, ta, appearing 
 frequently with other meanings, cause no small confusion 
 and perplexity. The question may well be asked as to 
 whether it Avould not be better in writing to keep to ne, 
 ha and ce ? Namlzl ne, ha mace ha ce, it is (he is) a man ; 
 ha mace ha, (it is) not a woman. 
 
 Ndde, tr., to wrap up. Ya hlma hdhe ya ndclesi daga 
 ciJdn ddzi. To spin ; ahin ndde, that which they had spun. 
 
 Nagertaka, n., goodness, kindness. 
 
 Nahau, n., steps; Nahau na magdna ta Ilausa, Grammar of 
 The Hailsa language. 
 
 Nahdwai, nahauwai ; zdncan nahdwai, or nahdwa, grammatical 
 discussion. 
 
 Naidasori, n., one who has no teeth. 
 
 NaTiuda, to be in travail. 
 
 Nalili (pi. enlela, n., one beloved, liked ; dan lele, favourite, 
 the feminine form is clleli; ta lele. 
 
 Ndma, n., flesh. Prov., Maindma si lean nema wilta. 
 
 Ndma (pi. namrlni)., n., wild beasts. 
 
 Namlzi, n., male, man, husband. Don si namlzi ne da kdnji. 
 Kaddn ha mu ^dya ha kamdn namlzi su renamu. 
 
 Namlzin gumzaka, n., a wader with tufted head. 
 
 Namlzin siire, n., name for the wild yakwa, in Kabbi. 
 
 Namlzi do, sdra, the man with the broom, a taunt for a bachelor, 
 because he has to sweep his own house. 
 
 Namlzi ciQ-=kpakpa Attagara, n., cocoa-nut. 
 
 Nan, adv., here, there; dagd nan akaha'ifeni. Dngd nan na 
 gdni itdtua daydwa. 
 
 Nanafa,n.,si plant with reddish flowers, used for staining thread. 
 
 Ndni, tr., to flatten; past -p^rt., nandne, nananiya (pi. nandnu), 
 flattened. Maihdnci nandne, one that has a flattened nose. 
 
 Ndni, tv. and intr., to adhere to, to stick to as with gum. 
 
 Nasdra, n., victory. En anyi nasdra kni ke da girhna. 
 
 Nauwa, adv., slowly, deliberately, not quickly ; behind hand. 
 
( 123 ) 
 
 Nciftyi, add sai kdnji da iiurnji, nothing Liit heavy irons. 
 Bdko mainai'nji, distinguished guost. 
 
 Nawdija, to be overwhelmed with troubles. Woda nga ne 
 suka naivayeta, those were the persons wlio troubled her. 
 To aggravate. Abu hai nawdya ha midum si nawayeH. 
 
 Nazdsu, pi. form ; abominable ; yi nazdsa, to turn filthy. 
 
 Nazawuze, pr. name. 
 
 Ndpni, woni garl ne da anawuce anazua dagd Lokoja gahdhtn 
 rf<a. Garin miUdnen Yamyam, Hna Icdsa en ha heri 
 Onija. Tardiva suna ciniki cikin garl nan. Ama ha ayi 
 masalldci cikin sa ha. Mutdnen garl nan kafrdi ne. 
 
 Nekeke, nekeka (pi. nekeku), powdered. Tozdli nekeke, 
 powdered antimony. 
 
 Nema, tr., to seek^ to look for. Nl nema, I will seek. 
 
 Noma and nemo. Nl nnno means "I will go and see, acd 
 return.^' Nemo, imperative, means "go and seek, and 
 return." Bk. Maineman aiire = dmre, n., a suitor for a 
 wife. Sdrtki ya ce da ita : gamasimemdn aureki! wanene 
 kl ke so a ciklnsu ? Anrmijliii gafdra ? Does any one look 
 for blood in a locust ? 
 
 Nema and ni'ima (pi. nizmpni), n., mercy, kindness. 
 Ena niimpmenka na dda? Where are thy former 
 mercies ? 
 
 Nesa, n. and adj., distance, distant, far away. Ba nesa ha 
 dagd garemu. Ni han sdni da nesansa. 
 
 Nesdnta, tr. v., to place or put at some distance. Ya nesdnta 
 hallta nan, ya nesanta Adama kud. 
 
 Ne^ua, u., temperance. 
 
 Ngahhorc, n., sycamore-tree, (Br., vol. iv., p. 110.) 
 
 Nitsas, tr. v., to drown. 
 
 Nomdme, nomdmia (pi. nomdmu), tilled. 
 
 Noma rdggo, i. q. maiiua (?). 
 
 Nufa, to wish, to desire, to long for, to aspire after, &c. 
 
 Nufa=fitowa ; as, MskaHna nufa ydmma. To make towards 
 a place. 
 
( 121 ) 
 
 Niljl^ n., duliglit. Yi htift, to purpose, to favour ; to contrive 
 mlscliief. Voii na ijlnuji hdkin ha Slyi zardhi, For I have 
 purposed that my mouth shall not offend or transgress. 
 Wodim da snma nnfina. Nnfi, nia, ilco, Providence. 
 
 Nhja and nJ/m, tr., to grind. I)i/HnlJca, n.> a millstone. 
 
 Nukuda, to travail. 
 
 Nuvfd6i=lu)'>fiUi , breath. (John.) 
 
 Ntniaiva, n., revelation. 
 
 Niita, intr., to sink. Dumi zlrkjinha ha iija nuta ha cikin riia ? 
 
 Nioa .^ whose ? 
 
 Nijaunydwa, n., a small canine animal of the size of a cat. 
 
 Nijamyavi, u., a cannibal, name given to some tribes in Bami. 
 
 Nzerhii, n., sunstroke. 
 
 o. 
 
 0, interjection, sometimes metwith in Haiisa translation, but it 
 is not Hausa: instead of which they use liai or na ! Kai 
 and he ! Kai hana yi mdni magaiia hdka ! O, art thou 
 speaking to me in this way ! Kai uhCniaf O father ! Ke 
 nivcina ! mother ! Kg uivdiia hln ga wSnan abu ha htjai'm 
 gdni ? Ai, ha ni h<}rci da dere ! mother ! hast thou seen 
 this unsightly thing ? 
 
 Oholoho, n., probably Nupe. 
 
 OliO ! exclamation or expression, for " I do not know, nor do 
 I care to know." 
 
 P. 
 
 Paradise, n., Lahira, the unseen world. Ban jiha anacfiua 
 Lolcojah lahira ne, I have not hoard it said that Lokoj.ih 
 was Paradise. 
 
 PdUe, tr., to punish, to chastise. Ya pdUe garHriui daijdiva. 
 PdUe and jxlso, to break through or down. 
 
 Pampdme, n., a wind instrument. (Br.) 
 
 Pandana—maydha, n., a regiment, an army. 
 
 Pali, a Nupe word, meaning ' mountain.' 
 
 Pehinpehi, n., a species of rhinoceros beetle. 
 
 Veite-pijili', 1)., a stew of rico and other vegetables. 
 
( 125 ) 
 
 R. 
 
 Ra, and rdna, n., sun, day. Rdna hiiki, feast-day. 
 
 Rdha, tr., to split in two. Ina rdha itdce l-araiiu. Rdbii, to 
 
 be separated. Dagd nan inula rdbu-da rthdna. 
 Rahada and rahasda, to mock ; to distinguish. 
 Udbe, to cling, to cleave to. Ina rdhe da Lai dofi en sdniii. 
 
 Mdllanii, hai rahe da ni ha. 
 Rahjiy rahji J rahki. rahhi, n., panther. 
 Rahse, tr. v., to separate, divorce. 
 Rabn, n., hot ashes. 
 Rdda, tr., to flatter. Miitxime nan bai sdni ha anardddnsa. 
 
 N., a tale. 
 Rdfani, (pi. rdfanai,) n , matei'nal aunt ; mother's younger or 
 
 elder sister. 
 Rdfenice, (pi. redfuniie,) n., a branch. 
 Rdfi, n., the sea. V., to cover = to deceive. Ba)il rajinha, I 
 
 shall not deceive you. 
 Ragaiya, robe bag for calabash. 
 
 Ragaya, int., to precede, go before. Ta rdgayc'ni ziia masallaci. 
 Rago, n., casada. Rdgo da na ddsa ya kdma, the casada which 
 
 is planted has taken root. 
 Rdgo, an idle person. K6 mdsalaci, ko maikuvuya, su dulca 
 
 ddia ne. 
 Ragon cikawa, n., ram of consecration. 
 Rdha, yi rdha, to rejoice, to exult. Ni yi rdhd da kai, (Bk.) 
 
 Rdho, n., revelling, feasting, living tumultuously. 
 Rai, (pi. rdyu), n., life; da sun sd rayunsa da ddce. 
 Rairayan, n., a sieve. 
 Rdha and Rdkdn, n,, the counting of beads in praying. Ya 
 
 rdka bin, kneeling down in prayer. 
 Rdki^=ku7nia ; ba su rdki f'n sit na magdna da via/<idnsii. 
 Ralcoto and yia rakoto, to bring a slanderous report. 
 RaTcH and rakda, n., bending in prayer, kneeling down, 
 Rdhumin Alia, u., a species of pli isma. 
 
( 126 ) 
 
 Rakumin />dsa, n., larva of the ant-lion. 
 
 Rama, to revenge, to requite. Zcuii yi rdinn'm gey a ga maki- 
 ind. (Bennett.) Zdkiyi rdmua ? Are you going to make 
 compensation ? 
 Rama, n., emaciation ; ardmai, he is emaciated. 
 Ramantdka, n., leanness. 
 Rdmata, pr. n. of a woman. 
 Ramh/m (pi. rdmbasai), n., a fish liko an eel. (Kr.) A species 
 
 of flat-headed sheat-fish. (Bk.) 
 Rcime ; ta iSe ma rdkumi koiui cikin rame ta makure. (Kr.) 
 
 Rdm[\ to become lean, thin; to moulder. 
 Ramma, n., tow. 
 
 Rdna, n., sun, da3^ Rdna ta fita, Rdna tafddl. Kadan rdna 
 tafita ta hud a hi^ike ya ditnia duka. Kama da rdna tana 
 zuafddiia. Rdna tana da sdfi. 
 Rdnan diihawa, day of visitation. 8ai woia rdna, salutation 
 on parting — May we meet again ! Rdna da Ydma, Noon 
 and evening. 
 Rdnda (pi. randn) and randuna, n., an earthen pot containing 
 
 several gallons. 
 Randdna, n., an army, regiment, cohort. 
 Raiya, tr., to slice ; raiyawa, slicing. 
 Rard, n., the ibis, a bird of a dark greenish plumage. 
 Raraha, intens. form, to divide, separate. Sun rdraha tfif'a- 
 flnsa. Rdrahdwa, distinguishing, discerning, separating. 
 Rdrahe, tr., to distinguish, notice a difference, to divide. 
 Rdrau'a, to move, be moved. 
 Rariya, u., a strainer of basket-work. 
 Rarmi, n,, spoon. 
 Rasa, n., shoots, offshoots. 
 
 Rasa, to be in want, to be unable to find something; to fail, 
 to omit. Mai kurdi ha si kan rasa abinci bari da gclrin nga, 
 Mutum ya yi mla Si rasa sd giziri, ga gizlri wuriwitri, Can 
 any man fail to put salt in food, now that salt is got for 
 one cowrie ? 
 
( 127 ) 
 
 Rdsu-=-resu, to be lost, that is to be dead. Kanena giida ya 
 
 rdsu da ydk'i, my only brother "was lost in war. Ka rasa 
 
 jin haidi ? Mutum ya yi mla si rasa so, gizlri ? Ga glziri 
 
 wuri wuri. 
 
 Ra&e, tr., to destroy. 
 
 Bdse,p\. razuna/n., want, need, necessity. Fvov., Rdsin tao 
 
 kan ci wdke atone. 
 Rdsin gras Aria/ without justice, or a just cause. Komi rdsin 
 
 hankalina, nafl'i:a wdyo. 
 Rdsin la'ifi, n., innocence. Excrements. To ease oneself. 
 Ratdnye and ratdya, to hang up ; Ɗa ivoddnsu gasieria bindiga 
 
 hill aratdyesu ga wuyan surdi, daia ga wosie nan, daia 
 
 ga wgsie nan, daia ga wgsie can. 
 Ratdta, n., abundance, plenty, numerous as footsteps. 
 Ratdye, ratayeyia (pi. ratdya and ratayej/u), hang, hanged. 
 Race, intr., to turn back, out of the way. Ja race, to mislead, 
 
 to lead astray. Ku anajahu race. 
 Rail, tr. and intr., to shake, to wag, to nod ; ya ran da 
 
 Icainsa da wuzia, &c. Rausa, and raurdwa, to be shaking, 
 
 shaken. 
 Rauani (pi. raunna), raunnoni, rawani, n., a wound. 
 Raune, rauna (pi. raunxi), wounded. Nan da nan araunesu, 
 
 suddenly they shall be wounded. 
 Rauraiidahai, intensive form, to shako the head. Maso nan 
 
 dunla duka suna raurdwa. 
 Rawaiya, n., citron. 
 Rdya, to keep alive. Bdhu wonda si ke rdya kdnsa. Ya 
 
 ruyasu a lokacin yuhwa. Ka rdyamu, quicken us, keep 
 
 us alive. 
 Rayesda, to quicken, to refresh. 
 Razdna, n., reverence ; ku yi murna da razdna. 
 Rdzana, to be vexed ; da gdske, sorely vexed, to fear greatly. 
 
 Wa nikerdzana? Ni na kida rdzana, sun yi rdzana nda 
 
 hdhu rdzana. Rdzanan mutud, terrors of death. 
 Rfhl (pi. rahp and rebdhi), n., a page of a book. 
 
{ 128 ) 
 
 Rrhi = ti<Ui, n., liiiU' ; rfhhi scui, half an hour. Compare .v7//', 
 pi. Safoji. Le'tdfi sina da rehi diiba, the book has 1000 
 pages. Riibin itdce, and rehi-rebi, n., board. Bfbij n., frac- 
 tional number. 
 
 Rf'fe (pi. rffu) and dd)i ice, n., a branch. 
 
 Regr/c, tr., to diminish, lessen. Ya rcgge Icdrlfina ga hamyn. 
 Ya regge Tcwdnolcina, Baikie's rendering of Acts iv. 32, 
 ho hdhu l-own cVchisn ya regge Icoini, is more than doubtful : 
 ya rasa, or ya, Ir/sa, would be preferable. 
 
 Reidure, n., a plant, the bruised leaves of which arc applied 
 for headache. 
 
 Rekia and rakia, n., escort ; to accompany one. 
 
 Rekica=gaUa, n., small black bee. 
 
 Remdye, pi. form, cowries. 
 
 Rpna, tr. v., to despise. Wonda ya rena iydycnsa, Tiomi H he, 
 H laldce. 
 
 Rendne, renaniya (pi. rendnu), contemptible, ignoble. 
 
 Renene, renena (pi. renenu), h&ted, despised. Also rendne, &c. 
 
 Rf;7ii, tr., to despise. Ni de hulca reni da si, me too ye are 
 despising with him. Don anclJiamii da rem da gdske, 
 contempt, scorn. 
 
 Reran and yi reran, to lie on the back. 
 
 Reno, n., an iron fork used to dry meat before the fire. 
 
 Rerehe and rcrede, tr., to distinguish, to discriminate with the 
 eye. 
 
 Rerercu. The first re may be repeated as often as the speaker 
 chooses, provided it terminates in u. Naji gi'nla rerercu, 
 I hear a shout of joy going on on on. 
 
 Resale, pi. form, boughs. 
 
 Rol,uma, I)., trunk of a tree. 
 
 Reto, tr., intr. rHu, to swing. Rrri sina rctu. 
 
 Rece, recewa, n., capturing, detecting, overtaking in a fault. 
 
 Rid, n., dissimulation. 
 
 Ridha = liilha, n., dew, frost, snow. 
 
 Rihdhc, rihnhia, (pi. rihdhu), spoiled, rotten. 
 
( 1^9 ) 
 
 Ribdce, to spoil ; make spoil. 
 
 Ridaceki, intr., to lie on the face. 
 
 Rida, tr., to ravisli. Kurdi/e masurida su kc, to seize. 
 
 Ridi, n., a kind of native silk clotli. 
 
 Rhja sdlc'i, n., a dress wiili small blue and white squares. 
 (Br., vol. ii., 128.) 
 
 Riga and rlgogi (pi. rJgiina), a coat, dress, garment. Prov., 
 Rigan AghaJcpa da p'ifa, amd alzifunsa sdho, The coat of 
 a Hausa man is old, but its pockets are new, i.e. because 
 he has nothing to put in them, or because he keeps them 
 repaired, to hold something. 
 
 Riga ^dmia, n., an article of dress consisting half of home- 
 made silk, obtained from a peculiar kind of silkworm 
 which feeds on the tamarind-tree. (Br., vol. ii., 129.) 
 
 Rigaiya, to arrive first ; to outrun one. Mairlgaiya. 
 
 Rigidya-na rigidya na ka sia ndka. Ahin dayarigidyi ya si, a 
 bakimdma nclsu. Rigidye, to prevent. I was there 
 already; hasty, precipitate. Na rtgidiji na yi ghdna, 
 end en na zo na li/ca sai sintofu, to agree beforehand. 
 
 Rlgigi, n., a small red bead. 
 
 Rigingini, intr., to lie on one side, resting on the elbow 
 or arm. 
 
 Rigune, don ya rlgiine Arab, because he was dressed like an 
 Arab. 
 
 Rika, to continue, persevere. Ka rika ci, go on eating. 
 
 RikaydSe, to put aside gradually. Hakanan zdarikayaseka, so 
 you will be gradually put aside (said of a child about to 
 be weaned). 
 
 Rikeda (second form), tr., to hold in the hand. Na gdni mutum 
 daia Hna rikeda ddwaki bid da Una bisa ga bdya nadaia. 
 
 Rikita, to tangle, entangle. 
 
 Rikice, confused, perplexed, puzzled. 
 
 Rikumbu, n., an edible herb. 
 
 Rimi ^dmri, n., a trunk which ascends high before giving 
 branches. 
 
 8 
 
( 130 ) 
 
 Eina, n.j a commou wasp. 
 
 Bingo (or ungo), take this. 
 
 Rinzdya, tr., to prevail. Kadd su rinzdyeni, lest they prevail 
 against me; to tread under foot; push down. Da leal 
 mu Icdda [rinzdyi) mazaliimitamu. Wilrin rinzdya, place of 
 dragons. Masu spsai su rinuyctu, a safe man. " The 
 upright shall have dominion over them in the morning." 
 Nina rinzdyi dtlnia. Har zlJcimu arinzaycsi da Fatal/la, 
 until our body (flesh) be subdued by the Spirit. 
 
 Ripta, catching any small object by placing the hand on it, as 
 an insect. 
 
 Rice, tr. v., to encompass, besiege, blockade ; to enclose. 
 
 Roce^roUe, n., a blow. 
 
 ROgo (pi. rpgtina) aud roga or o'dgo, n., a cassado. 
 
 Rpka, tr., to ask, to beg ; to choose. Mairpha ha n tdra, "A 
 beggar ought not to choose.^' 
 
 Rokake, rohdka (pi. rohdhu), asked for, begged of. Rolidhe 
 riia na ddfa ivdhe ? 
 
 Rami, n., bed for planting salanta, guda, safa, and ligone. 
 
 Rumon sdrUi, n., an annual feast to the warriors in heathen 
 parts of Hausa. 
 
 Bongome, being better ; lessening the price, making it cheaper; 
 reduction of price. 
 
 Roiigome gera, n., a small addition to a purchased article for 
 the advantage of the buyer. Na yi mdhi rongome mctin 
 dagd tdlata, I make you an abatement of 200 from tho 
 3000 cowries. 
 
 Rontonci, n., form, likeness, example, comparison. 
 
 Roro, tr. v., to glean. 
 
 Rpsi and rose, intr., to crumble. Prov., Bd hdnza rairai ne, 16 
 andii/iulesi si rpsi. 
 
 Rpwa, to be greedy, illiberal, close-handed. Ydnzu hani da 
 alh/lri, rpwa gareni. Mairowa, a greedy person. Prov., 
 La'ifin haha, rowa, laifin ydro Iciwiiya, 
 
 Rozdna, n., an almanack, calendar (?). 
 
( 131 ) 
 
 Rua Lisa or rila sama, n., rain. 
 
 Rua and r/lwa, (water) concern business. Bdhu rilana da 
 tagho, Jcaddn halm ^Iba cusa. Da na zefa ndma cikin rua 
 Txlfaye sulca zalm suJca daulcesa ; da na tdf, en kdrigha dagd 
 gari'su, hahdnsu ya cc mani, mirudnha,da 'mi ga Jcdwoka .'' 
 Na ce, na zaka dauJca ndmanaj ya ce mdni, hdhu rudnJca da 
 ahin da si /ce ga cikin rua ; ahin na wose ndkune, abin na 
 cikin rua ndmu. Ruan ido. Ɗa kdsud)isu damuka gdni 
 ha musQ mil kdra dilhdta, don ta sdmu ruan idp, ho son 
 ahuhua daydwa. 
 
 Ruan dddi or reirei, n., crystal beads. 
 
 Ruan fadddma, n., marsh-water j pools in marshy ground, 
 stagnant water. 
 
 Ruan wukdri, or Ɓakyin rita, and Ɓenuwe, aro names given to 
 the river Benue. 
 
 Rilda=p}ro, fear, trouble, vanity. Ya hdsu rf/ha, report, alarm. 
 
 Ruhda, grinding to powder. Ruhda occurs in the sentence, 
 Da del na sd hdnu garesa sai huga anaruhda mdni. Just 
 as I placed my hand on him I was dealt blows only. 
 
 Ruhui data, one-fourth ; ruhui uku, three-fourths. 
 
 Riidiy n., guile. 
 
 Budu, TL., a light hut with thatched roof on four poles. (Br., 
 vohiv., 127, 128). 
 
 Ri7fa (pi. rufufi), n., some article of dress. 
 
 Rufeiua=rumhu, n., a barn, store. Wonan dan riifewa ya yi 
 kyau ya yi pij^dasi, This little barn is nice and neat. 
 
 Ruf6go=rufonia, n., a barn, a place where corn is stored, either 
 in the farm or on the premises. 
 
 Rugha, intr., to rot. Kadd kdya su rugha. Ruka, garin mdtd 
 wozen Zdria. 
 
 Rugunguza, tr., to smash, break to pieces. 
 
 Ruhd, n., excess. Ba wonda akal ruhd. 
 
 Ruma, pr. n. of a town. 
 
 Rumhuki, n., in Gobir, a small town ; generally, a large 
 town. 
 
( 132 ) 
 
 Bul-o = r6Jio, tr., to bail; to give one's cliild to a friend to rear 
 
 or bring up. Mairuho (pi. masu-), one who rears or 
 
 takes cliarge of a child ; a tutor. 
 Runfd, n., a large shed built of mats and stocks ; a spacious hut. 
 
 (Br., vol. ii., 20, 21.) 
 Runga, pr. n., a wild tribe near Mada; poisoned their arrows, 
 
 very deadly. 
 RunliU, n., a tree bearing a small yellow blossom; an infusion 
 
 of its leaves is used for washing by newly-confined women. 
 Rurdri=han^6ro, n., threatening, jesting. 
 Rura (pi. rurori) n., a tree; fruit-eater. 
 Rumse, da da masurutme^ and with the winking of the eye, 
 
 i.e. to allure, &c. 
 Rusua=^tQ8i, n., a bribe. 
 Rusuna, intr., to fall down, to kneel down. 
 Ru^a, to make a rush. Ya ru^a cihin faro. 
 
 s. 
 
 8da and Sd, n., time ; ahin sda, a timepiece, watch, clock. 
 
 Sda Sina htlga lokaci. 
 Sda nan, adverbial, then, at that time, in that case. 
 Sdawa, n., joy ; yi sdawa, to rejoice, sdawe hamhain. 
 Sdawa, da sdawowi (pi. saawoni), lusts, devices. Example : Si 
 
 hwoda sdawowlnia na jlki, to satisfy the lusts and appetites 
 
 of the body. Sometimes spelt with s. 
 Sdha, tr,, to choose. Ku sdba dagd cikinsu hiiu Sahdda 
 
 (second form), to know, to be acquainted with. Ka sahdda 
 
 hainyoyi dulca. Komi ka sdba ma ydro H zdH yi. 
 Sabdhl, n., viciousness. Maisahdhi, a vicious person or beast. 
 Sdbo, n., habit. Sdbo mugim aba ! 
 Sdbdra, Kr. 
 
 Sahira bdija, intr., to start back. 
 Sdbka, to dwell, to descend, go down, Gidd enda muka sida 
 
 mastdi ne, don miUdne masutafia ga tvdni vjuri snna sdbka 
 
 ga giddse kamd ivgnan. Irin giddsenan ba mil da sugaAfrika. 
 
( 133 ) 
 
 8dhlco, tr., to let down. Alia ya sdbJco alhordni. Sdhlco mdni 
 
 da gdska, fall heavily upon me, press me sore. 
 Sdhlco, yi sdhko, gareha na yi sdhlco, " Early will I seek thee." 
 
 8dhlc6da (second form). Ya sahlcoda rvdye Icamd kOguna, 
 
 " He caused waters to come down like rivers." 
 Sdbhontdsi, early rising. 
 Sdbo f., sdhua (pi. sdhi), n. and adj., new; icdlca sdhua, a new 
 
 song. Ahiihua dulca sdbi su he garemu. Sdbo miigu ahil ! 
 
 What an evil thing habit is ! 
 Sdhontdha, n., newness. 
 
 Sdhpnlcazzrdhpnlca. A ivuri mazinata rdhonTca {sdhgnka) si ke. 
 Sahra and sahdra, n., wilderness, desert. 
 Sdhua fpl. sdbl and sdhiini) , n., a guinea-fowl. Anhwdce sahia 
 
 kivoi, gohe kusa. 
 Sabunin sello, n., fuller's soap. 
 Sdhunta, tr., to renew, make new. 
 Sddua, D., concord ; flattery. 
 Saduda, n., belief from persuasion. 
 Saduki (pi. Sadukdwa), n., Sadducees. 
 Sde (pi. satya), i. q. sdwa, root. 
 Sdfe, n., small wooden sandals without heels. 
 Sdjl, n., a page of a book. 
 Sdfia, n., morning. Da sdfia ta yi. Hdka mulca yi tdfia dagd 
 
 sdfa nan. Hario na zi dagd sdfia nan. 
 Saffii, n., arranging in a line, as for prayer or drill =iere. Yi 
 
 saffu, to make a line. 
 Sdgho, n., offence. 
 
 Sdggii and haggu, n., a hand dart for crocodiles. 
 Sahada zalanci (?). 
 Sai and sei. Add : Sai rdna nan. Ba na ce ha Icomi, sat na 
 
 yi kdwoi. Ɓdbu Icomi sai rairai. Sai mu yi ahin dii si 
 
 ke so. Sai jlni ne da ya kdsesi. Ta ce sai sai! Ni la 
 
 ni da saworafa ce ahl nan do ka ce. 
 Saidi, n., master. Ga, saidi Balsau, " See, there is the Master 
 
 of Dalsau." 
 
( 134 ) 
 
 Sainyi, cold. Kail-afdye daiilcan sainyi, you take it very coolly 
 (imitationof English). Zhisainyi,to ieel cool,i.e., refreshed. 
 
 Saiyi, n., a fence =darm. 
 
 Saiwa, n., root ; yi sniwa, take root. 
 
 Saiyeye, saiyeyia (pi. saiydyu), sold. 
 
 Sdkan zumua, n., honeycomb. 
 
 Saka, tr., to weave. Sdha gizagizo, or gidd, or ddJci, gizagizo, a 
 spider's web. 
 
 Salcaina, n., fragments of broken pot. 
 
 Sakakake, sakaMka (pi. sakukaku) , curved. 
 
 Sakdke, salcdkia (pi. sakdku), woven. Zdnenta sakeke da 
 sindria. Zafcar=fa/va, in the passage, Isaiah i. 6 : " Dagd 
 kdrkasin duduge har sdkar kai, ha a sdma mdsa Idfia ha, 
 sokeske, da midku da hugehuge masukumburi, ha addmresu 
 ha, ha ayi musu mdgani ha." — (Hajji Ibrahim's transla- 
 tion; favoured by Krause.) 
 
 8aka moko, n., retaliation. 
 
 Sake, tr., to charge ; to forsake. Ya sake tufdflnsa. 
 
 Sdki, D., the refuse of anything. 
 
 Sako, to send. Zua da kai ya fl sako, Going yourself is better 
 than sending. 
 
 Balaam aleikum, a salutation, " Peace be with you ! " the 
 salutation is returned, "Aleikum salaam!'* 
 
 Salla, n., a species of cowslip. 
 
 SaUdha, n., slavering ; running out of saliva in old or young. 
 Yi salldha. 
 
 Saldla, n., thin water-gruel for taking medicines in. 
 
 Saldme, tr., to deliver up. Sdriki ya saldmesu. 
 
 Saldta, n., a feast, festival. 
 
 Saldthi, is rokon Alia ; en woni azdha ya sdmi milium, ko ayi 
 gphara, ko mutum ya kdrie kafdnsa, kS ayi haha sdta, ko 
 mutum zdsi mutua, sda, nan ayi saldthi. An ejaculatory 
 prayer, or short prayer in a state of surprise or sudden 
 danger. 
 
 Sdma kamdri, n., a tree with reddish-coloured bark. 
 
( 135 ) 
 
 Samdio=rigidye, to prevent, to anticipate. 
 
 Samdnia, n., the heavens. 
 
 Samame, samdmia (pi. samamu), eternal ; derived from zama, 
 to remain, to continue. 
 
 Samdmi, n., an expedition to kidnap. Mastisamdni sunJca 
 pase hainya sun Tease mutdne ciJchimu. 
 
 Samhdce takdlmi sambdta, that is, sandals called sambdce ; 
 verb, to rejoice, triumph over. 
 
 SamC'Tii, n., a screen, veil. 
 
 Samfdhva, n., a cylindrical blue bead, got from Benin and 
 Yoruba, much esteemed. 
 
 Sdmmu, n., some kind of poison. 
 
 Same, to meet with. Ya same ydra sun kdma Tc/Jl. 
 
 Sdmo, tr. v., to provide, to supply. 
 
 Sdmu, tr. and intr., to find what belongs to the finder. Sdmu, 
 en mutum sina so ahii, da amhdsi ahin nan si Jean ce, na 
 sdmu ahin da ni he so ; sdmu sauki, to find help ; sdmu 
 ddma, sdmu Idfia, sdmu rongome, getting better, being 
 convalescent, improving in health; to overtake ; ha zdni 
 sdmiinsu ha. Ta sdmu kdnta, she has found herself, got her 
 head, i.e. has been safely delivered. Meet with, Ka 
 sdmu da mdtdna Ashandwa kamdn dorinai. Sdmu and 
 sdmuwa, n., attainment ; acquisition, acquiring. 
 
 Sandnhari (pi. sandnhardi), n., stork. 
 
 Sandse, causative form of sd^ii, to instruct, to point out, to 
 make known ; ka sands eni hainyoyinka. Ikmi/ca asana- 
 sesi cikin diifu ? 
 
 Sdnda, n., a stick; measure of length. Na hdku alura duha 
 da sdnda alkdmura hokoi da turdre kadaii. 
 
 Sandukin doka, n., the Ark of the Testimony. 
 
 Sane, adv., videlicet ; to wit ; namely. 
 
 Sanene sanena, (pi. sanenu), known. 
 
 Sdni, tr., to know. Sini is used instead of sdniin the Eastern 
 provinces ; as, ha ka sini {sdni) ha. Sdni ciki, u., 
 conscience. 
 
( 13G ) 
 
 Sdni, n,, knowledge. 
 
 Sdnia (pi, sdna and sdnua), n., cow. Tudsd sdnua, milk the 
 
 cows. Prov., tScinia ta hi mnun sdrVciy Sdnia tuaca, n., 
 
 a cow in milk, milch cow. 
 Sanlidi, pi. form, thistles. 
 Bdnkara, n., a maggot found in goro-nuts. 
 Sdnko, intr., to be bald on the top of the forehead. 
 SanJcurumi, n., a gaoler. 
 
 Sansarfa and sansarifa, n., stumbling in a horse. 
 Santamhul, pr. n., Constantinople. 
 Santu, or sautu, to entrust, trust. Ki zdJci mdni santu, hurdi 
 
 alfin. 
 iSanHTilu, Alia si yi muTcu aherlta, " Thank you ; may God bless 
 
 you." Spoken ironically, or in anger. In plain language, 
 
 it means the reverse. 
 Sap (?), Isaiah i. 25. (Bennett.) 
 Sdplio, adv., early. Nl tasi da sdpho lau, 1 will rise right 
 
 early. 
 Sdra, n., defamation, blasphemy ; v., to speak insolently, 
 
 reproach, slander. 
 Sdra tuga, misdra tUga, n., a person who from weakness of 
 
 the leg or knee, rises high in walking on the feet or leg, 
 
 lifting the affected part high off the ground. 
 Sardha, n., calf of the leg. 
 Sdrafa, to cause to rain. 
 Sardkin kirma, n., leader of the vanguard. 
 Sarakwoa (?). (Kr.) 
 Saramhaidu, n., changing form or shape. 
 Sardri (pi. sardrai), i. q. sdrka (pi. sdrkoki), n., a chain. 
 Sdrdri, u,, curt. Sardrin tdma, clear, that is, fine weather 
 
 =^sda maikydu. 
 Saraunia (pi. saraunai and saunpni), n., queen. 
 Scire, tr., to slay, to cut down ; to strike down, applied to disease, 
 
 as leprosy. 
 Sarcre, sarera (pi. sareru), slain, cut down. 
 
( 137 ) 
 
 Sarf'gi (pi, sanyuna), a loop. 
 
 Sdre, n., light or window. (Gen. vi. 16.) 
 
 Sarei, n., court, tabernacle of. 
 
 Sclri, n., a bay horse. 
 
 Sari, n., a motb. 
 
 Sdrtkinfdwciy n., headman of butchers. 
 
 Sarkafe, bound, tied. Da sim sarhife na Jciutcrsit, while they 
 
 were suspended I loosened them. 
 Sdrma, n., gall. 
 Sarie, n., a splinter, mote. 
 Scu-fu and sarta, n., saw. 
 Sdsa=fufuJie, n., wing of a house. 8dsa, on either side; suna 
 
 sclsa, on either side was one. 
 Sasdpta, tv., to slacken. 
 
 Sasahiba, sasahehiya (pi. sasahehu), n., cleared ground. 
 Sasabdwa. See fds%ra If-tdji na Hafisa. ArSadan AllaJiu 
 
 masasabdwal kdmanu, or Sft e§ ber bie S2Bed)[el ber Sci^ve 
 
 crjcuQt (?). (Ƙr.) 
 Satatdka, to root up, to ravage. 
 ISdii or sdo, adv., once, on one occasion. Sdo data, ko ivota 
 
 rdna. Sii duka data ne. 
 Sail (pi. sathia), n., footsteps. 
 
 Saulo, n., a very large bag in which rice is kept. 
 Saulu, to entrust. Zaki mdni saulum kiirdi alfin ? 
 Saumdko, n., referring to the eai-ly morning. Prov., Kaydn 
 
 saumdko da mareci akan ddmresi, " The load which is to be 
 
 taken up early in the morning [da sazlran dufu) ought to 
 
 be tied up the evening before." 
 Sdicwarivare or sauwarwore^=sububua=-zancv.gga, n., the tail 
 
 of the zauwai or cuggi (?). 
 Sdiiwaratu, first lesson of the book, Baikie. 
 Satiya, to change one^s mind, one's intention, plan, or 
 
 scheme. 
 Sauwaratu, u., Lesson in the Prayer Book, as the First or 
 
 Second Lesson. (Baikie.) 
 
 T 
 
( 1=38 ) 
 
 Sdwa or ^awa, u., lust, desirC; longing. Kfirua maudica, 
 Sdward and yi siiivard, to guide. Ni yi m(ika sdwara da idona 
 
 gareka. 
 Saivdya, n., steps, paths. Sawdyenlm suna ddsa da mai, " Thy 
 
 paths drop with fatness." 
 Sdwu, in Hkausdiv'iij it used to meet with a ready market. 
 Sayeye stiyeya (pi. saySyii), baked, cooked. 
 Sdzada and yi sazada, to worship, to make obeisance ; yi aho, 
 
 obedience. Ku yi sdzada guresa, ku alloli diika. 
 Sehain, numeral seventy. 
 Segin sdrilci (?). 
 IS eke, to preserve. Ka sfike ydydn vti'dna ; to cast off, away. 
 
 Kadd ka seke kurudta, to neglect, to treat carelessly. 
 St^kij^ n., the refuse of g .ro after fiira is made. 
 Sekke, n., carelessness, heedlessness. JIaise/cke, n., a careless 
 
 person. 
 Sekkekeke, m., sekkekekiya, f. (pi. sekkakeku), loosed, let off. 
 iSek/ti, tr., to loose, let go, let off. 
 Seko, tr. and intr., to come down, to descend ; to fall down as 
 
 rain. ; riian mma ya seko. Also neke. Kal ka seke mar- 
 
 marori cikin koremai, Thou sendest the springs in the 
 
 valleys. 
 Se/iu=:guinki. 
 
 I^clbi, n., some kind of animal. 
 Seme and seme = keyemuru, n., a reed, strong grass reed for 
 
 arrows. 
 Serajim, n., iconi Irin malaiku. 
 8eren, n., a field. 
 
 Serkoki, n., a fine fresh-leaved bush. (Br., vol. iv., p. 160.) 
 Scrtu, n., saw ; steel to sharpen knives. 
 Seru, n., cypress. 
 
 Sesake, a curved thing : earrings, curved work. 
 Sideku (?) Kr. 
 Sifa, n., form, shape. 
 Sika, to insert, fix, attach. 
 
( 139 ) 
 
 Siko and fllko, n., a pin. 
 
 Silzi, n., snow. 
 
 Simaungpro, n., a species of hornbill. 
 
 8in, pr. n., China. 
 
 Sinaderi, n., tin. 
 
 8in(-e, to break, to lose. 
 
 Sirka = s7da, intr., to alight. 
 
 Sirh'ikiya, n., a certain tree. 
 
 Sisika., n., threshing-floor. 
 
 Sitira or fiiffira, n., covering, clothing. Private or secret 
 
 parts. 
 Sitirta, tr. v., to clothe. Ka sitirta kdnha. 
 Situri, n., a sign or wonder. 
 So=sdd, adv., so daia or sdo data or dea, once, one time. 
 
 Br., against. 
 Sohei, n., a small cake of bean-flour. 
 Sohorodo (S.W.), the yakwu with a red flower. 
 Sofdni (pi. sofanai), n., impurity, mark, spot, blemish, fault. 
 8ogga, n.. demon, evil spirit. 
 8oinya=giydre, n., a cricket. 
 
 8pke, tr. v., to toss. 8dnia tana so ta soke harre da kdfo. 
 8pkesph', n., bruises, scars. 
 8okoi or sokai, adj., light, i.e., hdhu na/iyi, not heavy; also kace 
 
 and Slice / gariii ondrasa naftyi. 
 86kuna, the name of a town between Murzuk and Tripoli. 
 
 Oari kdrarni si ke, omma da inutdne daydwa, Lnrabuwa 
 
 duka. 8nna da dahino da, cihir/kinkini da kahiewa 
 
 daydwa. 
 8' ma, tr. v., to lay the foundation. Don ya soma fa Lisa ga 
 
 /rpgi, ya kafala hisa ga gidhi. (Ps. xxix. 1). 
 8pmata, founded. 
 
 Soraiyi uku, three stories ; house of three stories. 
 8ordye, pi. form, strongholds. 
 8ordyen sardkune, the king's chambers. 
 Sorghum, an Indian millet. (Br., vol. iv., p. 110). 
 
( I'iO ) 
 
 Soro (pi, sorailje), n., upper story of a house. More frequently 
 
 heard, cqvo or ^pro, watch-tower. 8anda anayaki suna yin 
 
 woni tdnka da anahira toro, Una da dggon {ai; winin da 
 
 ananawa ayo cinhdya ho mdsugaha suna zdkua. 
 
 Spsa or spso, n., seed vessel of the luffa. Irin sgsa, the seed of 
 
 the sosa. Sponge. 
 8osdi n. and adj., upright, uprightness ; straight ; crooked. 
 Sdndana ya yi sosdi, ndka ya tonkwase. MaizTicia sosdi, up- 
 right in heart. Gdskia da sosdi, truth and uprightness. 
 Barao ke nan sosdi, this is an accomplished thief. 
 8osaiya, tr. v., cutting, clipping with scissors ; also suseya. 
 Soffo, n., hyssop. 
 Soto, n., a cake of bean-flour. 
 
 Su, V. tr., to fish with hand-nets. Masusii sun tafi. 
 Suabdni, n., disagreement between persons ; variance, breaking 
 
 up of friendship. 
 Suahdhe, suohdhia (pi. suahdlu), divers, different. Lokatai 
 
 suahdbu, different times. 
 Suahuna, n., transgression. 
 Sualli., n., silk and cotton interwoven, and forming black and 
 
 white stripes. 
 Sudna or suwdna and swdna, n., cast-off skin of the serpent. 
 Snhdn Alia! (exclamation), Good God ! 
 Silbde, tr. v., to cast-off as a load. Tdlatin da daia sun snhde 
 
 kdya sun guddu. 
 Subui, a fractional number, one-seventh. 
 Subuta (pi. subutdi), n., a small turban, made of red and 
 
 light pieces. 
 Suda, n., a small brownish plumaged bii'd whose call is said to 
 
 be ominous of good or evil. 
 Sildi, n., what is left; meals for children and servants. 
 Sudiisi, a portional part, the sixth. 
 Sufurce. tr., to hire, to engage. Na sufurce ga aiki. 
 Suguna, intr. v., to squat, to sit on the heels or haunches. 
 Suki'tmbu, n., the North (in Kabbi). 
 
( 141 ) 
 
 Sitlfa and snlha, ii., a garland, wreath. 
 
 Sulkuvii, n., a bag ; treasure. 
 
 Suhdora, ii., fish with long head, small eyes, and no caudal fin. 
 
 8uma, n., horror. Suma ya rnfeni. 
 
 Suma, i. q. gdsikakai, the hair of the head. 
 
 S/imuni, pi. form, statute. 
 
 Sumuni, a fractional number, one-eighth. 
 
 Sumiia (pi. suipJae and .smnziuyi), n,, an awl, %l)[t. 
 
 8una (pi. sunpni), n., traditions. 
 
 Snndnce, intr., to choke. 
 
 Sungurure, pr. n. of a village between Kantshe and Sokotu. 
 
 Sunkuyeye, m., siinknyeya, f. (pi. .nmkuyeyu), bowed down. 
 
 Sunna, n., rites, ordinances. 
 
 Sup23a or supa, n. form, likenes'=!. Ka kauda snpaiisn, shape 
 fashion. Hdiiunha sun yi supnna. 
 
 8urd = suma, n., hair of man's head ; lock of hair. 
 
 Sura (pi, sui'pri and surarika), n., chapter. 
 
 Sure, n., sour sour =ydkica. 
 
 Surecid and suresia, n,, a horse whose hind-feet are white. 
 
 Suriiki and sivQki, son- and father-in-law. 
 
 Surukvm and sirikwa, n., mother- and daughter-in-law. 
 
 Sntura, n., glory, pomp in dress. Allegiance. 
 
 Suturta kdnsa, he clothed himself. 
 
 Suwa, intr., to grunt. 
 
 Snynsiya, n., clipping or thinning of hair with scissors = 
 
 sosdye. 
 Swahi serua, tr,, transgress the law. 
 
 Swdho, wickedness. Yin swdbo, commit wickedness. Siina 
 yin swdbo halm diliU, they are trespassing without a 
 cause. PI. of su'dho is suahiina. Cikin swdho anhdifcni, 
 " I was shapen in iniquity." Also sndho ; as, Kadd en yi 
 siidho rja kowa. 
 
 Sd, tr. v., to circumcise. Anyi mnsa sd ; to measure a piece of 
 land, to lay the plan for a house. Ansa ddki. Sa, to 
 
( 142 ) 
 
 drink; .v'a nono, to suck. Ya m muni kai da ti'tmluhja^ 
 
 to trouble with questions. 
 Saalhlrmim, n., purple cloth. 
 Sdnwa (pi. saawowi), n., desire. Sma goninfa .sdavjowin 
 
 knrudsa, he is boasting of his heart's desire» 8uyi mugn 
 
 sdawa cildn ddzi. 
 S<'iddnra (pi. saddarori) , n,, a line. 
 Sadna = Ialasi — ]/nkana, n., reconciliation (?). 
 iSaege, n. (Kr.) 
 
 SaeTia and ^f'ka and Su-ho , intr., to flee. 
 Safafe, Safnfa and safafia (pi. sn,f<'ifii), anointed. Safafensa, 
 
 His Anointed. 
 (SVJ/*e, tr. v., to anoint ; to rub ; to blot out. 
 Safe, n., a building of clay* 
 
 Sdfewa, n., blotting out, destruction. Isaiah i. 28. (Ben- 
 nett.) 
 /SV(/« (pi. safofi), u., lining; Sdfn taharda, page of a book. 
 Sdfo, n., a kite. 
 Sagdlce, tr. v., to ravish. 
 Sogpra, n., a stick, cane. Sagora na mahlfo, the stick by 
 
 which blind people are led. 
 Sahad, n., a witness. 
 Saida, n., mai-k. 8a saida ga laiya, to put a mark upon a 
 
 paper, i.e. to seal it. Also, siiia azewa siindnsaa fdkarda, 
 
 he is putting his name to the paper. 
 Saida (pi. saidodi), n., testimony. Snidan dtlnin .v/ tie 
 
 kiycima. 
 Sainye, sainyeya (pi. ^ainyeyn), withered, decayed. 
 Saltan, n,, craft or wile, device. 
 Sankirdre (?) 
 
 Sdka, n., doubt; v., yi kika , to doubt. 
 Sakka; as, hdhu sakka, without doubt. 
 Savi ka sdnni, drink me to know me; is the name of a mifgn 
 
 mdgani that is, a bad medicine. 
 Sdnsani (pi. moi^dnv), n., a centipede. 
 
( H3 ) 
 
 Sdre, tr. v., to sweep. Haiiiyaii.sit a^are, to peck at. Suka 
 
 rika mrdnta, they began to peck at her. 
 Sari, n., side, gabling* of a house. 
 Sarkap, adv., completely. Akaia nanta ndde ddiva nan 
 
 sai'Tcap. 
 Sasandtty n., long ridge left in shaving the head. 
 iSamsa, n., idiot ; ^a^dsa ^i ke ha ^vdwa ha, he is an idiot, not 
 
 a fool. 
 Sail, n., fine white calico. 
 Saura-=saura, n., remainder. 
 Sausdiva and yi Samdvoa, to apply a cupping-glass, to procure 
 
 a discharge of blood from a scarified part of the body. 
 
 Mansdmi ya yi mdsa aski, kdnsa diika, the barber shaved 
 
 his whole head, and they cupped him all over. 
 Sdwa, i. q. sdaica, desire. Ya goni idwdnsa ija makidnsa. 
 
 Ah in sdiva, a pleasant thing. 
 Sdwara (pi. Sawarnri and Sawarwori), n., imagination, plan, 
 
 consultation. Na yi mdka sdwara da idona, " I will 
 
 counsel thee with mine eyes." 
 Sawoyi, pi. form, devices, counsels. 
 SdwUj in the sentence bi kan sdwti, it used to meet a ready 
 
 market. 
 Sclwai, n., species. 
 
 Sayerda (fourth form of m), to water, to give drink, trdllfen. 
 Sayiy n., terror, fright, fear. 
 Sa zanne, n., scarlet cloth. 
 Seddi, n., a bay horse. 
 
 Segantdka and segantika, n., laziness ; mischief. 
 Sege, n., a villain. Bdbu segen da ka Jiseni da kdsa nan. A 
 
 bastard. Ddn 6<Jge (pi. segu). 
 Segulgula, pi. of eegali, business, duty. 
 Seka da gudii, she bolted, ran away. 
 
 Sekamu, pi. form, a sycamore, or fig, or some other kind of tree. 
 Seku, i. q. gumki. 
 Sela, n., notice, i.e. public notice by proclamation in the streets. 
 
( 144 ) 
 
 Seme, n., reed for arrows. See also (jauiba, ^abira and kura. 
 
 Seniegi turdri, a broken fence. 
 
 Serdti, n., a misfortune, accident. 
 
 Seria, n., judgment, statutes. 
 
 Serinya, n., name of a tree. 
 
 Sewatd, n., a pipe, whistle. 
 
 iSia, adj., the same, very same. (John.) 
 
 Sihe, tr. v., to clean cotton with the bow, some kind of tool. 
 
 iSihehe, Sihoblija (pi. sibchit), cleaned with the bow. Bdkun 
 
 sihe, n., a bow for cleaning cotton. 
 Siblii, n., thatched roof. (Br.) 
 
 tSlde, tr. v., to lodge one. Stcka Sidfnnu ga ciJcln gida. 
 Siehu, n., a sheikh, learned priest. 
 Sifddu (pi. sifadai), n., a pair of short ridiug-boots. 
 ISiga (pi. siguna), n., a patch, patches ; display. Sigan jlki, 
 
 conception. B^'ri en je i')i ga slgan Jalo, let me go to see 
 
 the display of Jalo. 
 Stgdha, i. q. silgdba, n., leader. 
 
 Sige, to pass by ; gamo ya Hge, the opportunity is lost. 
 Sigifa, n., porch. 
 Slka, n., a high rock south of Rano, seen at a distance of three 
 
 or four days' journey. 
 Sihdsihai, pi. form, pillars. 
 Si Ice nan, it is that, so it is ; si ne, thereupon. 
 Sihdna, n., baggage. Ɓa sii Wrimu ma dauha slkuna tare da mu. 
 Silo, rHo, tilo, ndsa, tossed to and fro ; swinging. 
 Simawd, n., a little while. 
 
 Siinge (pi. simga), a fence, hedge. Slnige tiirere, broken hedge. 
 Slnikdlxe, n., another name for the Sirwa, or black hawk. 
 Sinan and sinin=sdni, n., knowledge. 
 Sing ona B,nd sei'igona, the same as tdngona=ddngana, to lean 
 
 on or against. 
 Sinl, adj., silent, motionless, taciturn. 
 Sinkai or zinhai, grace, favour, goodwill. Ɗafi m sdmu sinkai 
 
 gdba ga iddniinka^don ea sdmu alheri gdbd)ika. 
 
( H5 ) 
 
 Sinnaddri,, n., sal ammoniac. 
 
 iHipJwki, pi. f., plants. 
 
 Sirai, n., porch. GmiSran tdiiha da angdma da ddhi ; lonrin 
 
 da mdtcl siina gdma da rdna siina dhduya led suna sauce. 
 Sirdthi, n,, a supposed bridge which every mau has to pass 
 
 over after death. 
 Sirbace, n., alloy, 
 Sirge, tr. v., to charge, demand as money. 8 aim sirga m.dsu hnrdi 
 
 dayclwa. Ya yi laiji ansirga mdsa Jcurdi. Ydo na gdni 
 
 sirgdn kdya. Magdnganu nd nan sirge, words piled together. 
 Stria, to guide, to lead. Ya iiriasu cihin ddzi kamd gdrike. 
 Siriya, in Zaria ; in Kano it is Sirinya, n., a certain tree. 
 Siriye, tr. v., to lead, to guide, to conduct, to direct, to rule. 
 
 Ya siriyesic da hdnhali da hdnudnsa. Mai slriya, n., a 
 
 guide, director. 
 Sirliii, n., anything unlawful or forbidden, as idolatry. 
 Siriu, adj., silent, motionless, taciturn. Yi Uriu, keep silence. 
 Sirii, n., silence, calm. Aha yi bahd sirii. 
 Sirwa, n., a hawk. 
 Sisika, n., thrashing. 
 Sisita, n., hissing =/itc'i. 
 
 Sicisi, tr. v., to cover him ; from sice, to cover. 
 JSiwdka, n., a bitter herb. 
 Sty a, n., share = r'i6&a. Ya sdmu siydtas, a quarter, division 
 
 of a towu. = unwa. 
 Sua, to be jolly, merry. 
 Sudki, flein, farriert. (Kr.) 
 Subuka, n., scruple, doubtfulness = /('o/i;ft>i^a. 
 Sada, wuce, done away, pass away. 
 Sudi=-suni, adj., blue. 
 Sugdba, n.. Lord, leader, ruler. 
 Supa=kamd==sura, n., form, image, resemblance. 
 
 T. 
 
 Td, v., to be, f. gender in some dialects, corresponding to c^ 
 
 u 
 
( HC ) 
 
 (tse) in the dialect of Katshina ; hence ita td — ita ce, she is ; 
 
 mace td, it is a woman. 
 Taade,n., sunyi zimane taadi, they have done me some injury. 
 Tdba, tr. v., to touch. Tdha tdhanhdnta da gari gero. 
 Tahda tdkdrda, n., table of contents ; index of a book. 
 Tabdba, as hdbu tababa, without wavering or doubt. 
 Tabdria, n., a ramrod; pistol. 
 
 Tabas or tcMas, adv., surely, certainly ; of course, verily. 
 Tabdta, tr. v., to prove, to establish ; fixed, settled ; to make 
 
 evident, to try ; fixed, established, confirmed. 
 Tabatdci, tabatacia (pi. tabatdtu), established, fixed. Magd- 
 
 nan Ubangiz, tabatacia ce, tried, approved. 
 Tabri (pi. tabra), n., a cut goat. 
 Tdda ddzi, to rush into the desert. Ya tdda monzo, he sent a 
 
 messenger. 
 Tadawal Alia, n., a mole on the skin. 
 Tadddwa and tadddha, n., ink. 
 Tdde, tr. v., to lift up, to raise. 
 Taderisi (pi. taderai), n., a leather case for loose papers ; also 
 
 baiigo, loose boards for covering papers. 
 Tddi, intr. v., to converse, or yi tddi, n., conversation. Mai- 
 
 tddi (pi. masutddi), a person engaged in conversation. 
 TafdJcO; n., a tree the bark of which is the chief ingredient in 
 
 the dangerous arrow poison of Madan or Gamdani. 
 Tafariki (pi. tafarihM), n., a way, road. 
 Tafarnua, n., garlic. 
 
 Tafasdk, tafasdsiyi (pi. tafasdsu), participial n., boiled. 
 TafG=Jiwdlce, fading away. 
 Tafeihen rai, n., a sandy road. 
 Tdji ga rdna, n., the name given to a harmless snake, rarely 
 
 killed by people, but removed to the sun or shade by them. 
 
 Also tdJi da rdna. 
 Tdfin glwa, n., an oblong or oval mat only used for men of high 
 
 rank ; all may use mdlafa or gobri. 
 Tdfia dph', n., a journey on horseback. 
 
( U7 ) 
 
 Tafia Jcwdna goma, a journey of ten days. 
 
 Tiifike (pi. tajlrkune), n., a road. 
 
 Tafsata/H, gracious, soft, condescending. 
 
 Tagdhaz, adv., eastward. 
 
 Tagdma, tr. v., to knead. 
 
 Tagho, n., scar. 
 
 Tagergade, n., a bitter medicine, herb. 
 
 Tdgia dogna, n., a high cap. 
 
 Ta^Ma,n., the camel, the constellation called by that name. Tdgua 
 en ya (to) hdwa, rani ya zp, en ya yi ^dka, ddmand ya zo. 
 
 Tagivarma, n., some kind of sword. 
 
 Taimdke, tr. v., to help, the same as taiyo, to help. Maitaiye 
 (pi. masu-), one who helps. AboJcin taiyo, a helpmate. 
 
 Taiyi, tr. v., to offer or present anything for sale. 
 
 Tdji, n., a crown, turban. 
 
 TaTca sdrlhi, n., a fine sort of sandals. 
 
 Tdha (pi. tdkawa), a step ; v. tdka ciki, to step in. 
 
 Tdkaha,n., mourning. 
 
 Takahdwa, n., the name of a deserted town between Katshina 
 and Sokoto. 
 
 Takahoddo, n., a common species of ringed dotterel. 
 
 Takaice, n., spite, hatred, provocation. 
 
 Takdma, n., pride, vanity, arrogance. 
 
 Ta/bama, to boast ; n., pride. To triumph; also honour, glory ; 
 like f ah ami. 
 
 Takan hariji, n,, a horse whose right hind-foot is white. 
 
 Takas, n., seal ; zatan takas, sealskins. 
 
 Tdkawa, n., steps. Sunafdko tdkawdna. 
 
 Tdki, n., measure of eighteen inches, a cubit ; sometimes a foot. 
 Itdce nan hahd si ke ; mu auna guzmisa kewoyensa ya yi 
 tdki dsirin dafudu. Maitaki daia, n., a horse with a short 
 back. Maitdkin hiri, n., one (monkey) with one or more 
 short toes. Da mi (j-mai) farandi hi sa ; tdkin hiri, n., 
 spread or flat foot. 
 
 Taklrdal gddo, n., a will, testament. 
 
( us ) 
 
 Tahrufa, n., sacks m;ido of straw. (Br.) 
 
 Tahnm kihni, ɗ., muzzle for a doukey ; also /akum kmni, aud 
 
 tahunaknvii, yokes. 
 Tdlaba, tr. v., to support, prop up. 
 Tdlafa and tdlaji, tr. v., to attend to, wait upon, Tdlaf, assist 
 
 in rearing or bringing up a cMld of one dead or in 
 
 poverty, or the young of an animal that has died. Mai 
 
 (pi, mdsutdlafi) , a guardian, steward. 
 Tdlafi, tr. v., to nurse, support, rear up. 
 Tdlata, n., Tuesday, i.e. the third day in the week. 
 Taldta, n., three thousand. Wonda ha si alheri a dunia, a 
 
 Idhira ya siga taldta, he that does no kind action in this 
 
 world, will in the next find three thousand (condemnations). 
 Talanci, n., poverty. At talauci ta fl gdzia zdfi, verily poverty 
 
 is more trying than fatigue. 
 Talihdmham, n., the frog with two lines ; a fish which has the 
 
 power of distending its belly like a globe fish of a toad kind. 
 Taliki, tali/ca (pi. talikai), n., anything created. 
 Talili or talili, wdndu akardta yawa, "©(^eint eine ©OblUU' UOU 
 
 S^alumancn ju fein." (Kr.) 
 Tdlla, tr. v., to higgle, to offer for sale, to hawk. Ya tdfi sina 
 
 tdlla hd'wa. 
 Taloci. Prov., TalOci ha za dakaud genci. (Kr.) 
 Tdma, n., ore of iron ; to taunt, to harm. 
 Tdmdha, n., hope, expectation. Prov., Tdmciha ita ta hdna 
 
 mallam npna. Ba ayi tdmdha ha.y unexpectedly. 
 Tavialaulo, n., some kind of sword. 
 Tdmdni, n., a substitute= fawiam fansdnsa, ransom for him. 
 
 Don fdnsan kurndnsn ya fdye. Jininsu ya yi tdmdni a 
 
 gahdnsa, their blood shall be precious in His sight. 
 
 Hope, trust. 
 Tdmdidn, numeral eighty. Tdmdnin da goma, ninety. 
 Tamargal, n., some kind of sword. 
 Tamase, n,, resolution. 
 Tdmhari, maiidmhari. (Kr.) 
 
( 149 ) 
 
 Tdmce, tr. v., to tack or fasten with a needle. 
 Tdmce, tdmcecia (pi. tamcecu), tacked. 
 
 Tdmno,tT. v.^to chew. Anaddri amaitdmna si Jean liosi, while the 
 chewer is ridiculedhe satisfies his passion to the full extent. 
 Tamrdrai, pi. form, stars. 
 Tancini ga hanga, n., the spleen, from its being often enlarged 
 
 in children and becomes attached to the side. 
 Tdndama, n., a fontanel. 
 
 Tdndu (pi. tdndai and tdnduna), n., a skin-bottle ; flagon, cup. 
 Tdfigadi, int. v., to stumble. Ya sn gla sina tdngadi. 
 Tdhganay tr. v. to lean against, also si/'/gana and ddngana. 
 
 Mutum yana singana a hdnga. 
 Tdngardm, n., best quality^ sound, first-rate. 
 Tdngara {^) , Cihinkdsuhasdsia tangarabdburHajdry {^)wearj (?) 
 Tangonda, pr. n. of a town. 
 Tani^ya ce, he said. 
 
 Td/'/ka, tr. v., to tie up small sticks in a fence or roof. Roof, 
 framework covered. Suna yin woni tdnka da anakira 
 ^oro or soro, that is, a watch-tower. 
 Tdnkare^ int., to turn back, starting aside. Kdma Jcarierem 
 
 bdka, like a broken bow. 
 Tdnkawa, reproofs, 
 
 Tanked, as kamd tahatace, just, firm, upright. 
 Tdnkerke, n., a large yellowish wood-pigeon ; also called Mdl- 
 
 lamin ddzi. 
 
 Tdnkia, n., strife. Yi tdnkia, Tdnkia hdlsuna, strife of tongues. 
 
 Tdnku, in the following sentence of Krause : Idrisa Ibrahim 
 
 mura Mulga tie : TJbamu sdliki Makadd tdnku mu diajdnsa 
 
 ne : Sdliki Maladd Jiburum wdmu ne, TJwamu Aria, i. e. 
 
 Av:a, Haiva=:lEi^re. 
 
 Tankivasa or tankwaza, tr., to submit, to bend to (as the head), 
 
 to be humble. 
 Tdntaimna,n. jhardness of belief ; v., to be hard to he\ieve'=tabdta, 
 Tdntsiya or tdncia, n,, a kind of gi'ass considered an antidote 
 to some arrow poison. 
 
( 1-^0 ) 
 
 Tarahiihis, n. pr.^ Tripoli. 
 Tardra, int. v., to leak o\x.t-=goyo. 
 
 Tarda, to meet with. Ta tarda sdrihin hofa, she met the door- 
 keeper. 
 Tardya ; Alia tadla ha si ahphi tardya. ©ott ^Cit nid()t fctncS 
 
 ©leic^en. (Kr.) 
 Tarhi, tarba and tarbo, tr. v., to meet with. 
 Tdresda, to cause to go, to direct, to guide, to show. 
 Tareya, to have dealings with. 
 Tarfdse, tarfasa (pi. fasaSe), a broken pod. Abduga tarfdsa, 
 
 cotton bursting in the pod. 
 Tdreya yi, have fellowship. Ɓa su tdreya da su, they have no 
 
 fellowship with them ; Communion. 
 Tdrji, n., a single drop of rain. Tdrfa mai, tr. v., to drop oil, 
 
 to mollify. 
 Tdria, n., heap. Ku yi tdria da su or ku yi tillo da su, make 
 
 a heap of them. Tario, taria, tarie, bringing back into 
 
 the line, sheep which went astray. 
 Tdriya, to collect for oneself, for one's benefit. Minene 
 
 aiifdndi da munatdrlyasu na si ? 
 TdrTco (pi. tarkoki), n., a net. Yajasi cikin tdrhosa. 
 Tdrko da harse, first and last. 
 Tdrnaca yayi, to thunder. 
 Tarolco, pr. n. of a female. 
 Tdrsa, tr. v., to overtake. 
 
 Tdrsari, n., a little star in the west. In Kano, it is tarsoa. 
 Tarsdsa, to revile, expose, reproach. 
 
 Tarsdse, tarsdsa (pi. tarsdsu), assembled. Mutdne tarsasu. 
 Tar^aci, n., sparks. 
 Tdrse (3rd form of tdra), overtake, to help, to meet one, to 
 
 vindicate. Tarsdse, tarsasia (pi. tarsdsu), assembled, 
 
 collected, gathered. 
 Taru. Exodua xxvii., aikiii taru, chequer-work ; grating of 
 
 net-work. 
 Taruriia, n., black ants. 
 
( 151 ) 
 
 Tdrije, to overtake. 
 
 Tdsa, n., bowl, cup, basin. En Tea siga birnin Kano ha yi 
 
 hdfiTcali da JcaydnJca kdnand , don su saci idsavin tunda mu 
 
 he dagd nan, sun sd ga halhdsin habd rigundnsu sun yi 
 
 ydwo da ita. 
 Tasdlima, to defend. Ta iya tasdlima haria. 
 Tasawa, pr. n., a town in Hausa. 
 Tdsha (pi. tdshphi), n., garret, storehouse. See Sigifa (pi. 
 
 iigifai), and spro. 
 Tdsho, n., store inside the house. 
 Tdso, int. v., to rise, to rise against ; to come on the surface, 
 
 as mai ya tdso, the cream or butter comes on the top ; to 
 
 sprout, as plants coming out of the ground. 
 Tdso (pi. tasgsi), an earthen vessel. 
 Tasicera^ n., image. 
 Tdmikai, n., pride. A crown. Tdii na sindria salla, a crown 
 
 of pure gold. 
 Tdta, pron., her own. 
 
 Tatdbo, as tvdni ddri ya tatahoni, a kind of cold caught me. 
 Tatahha, n., hay, stalks of grass which a horse leaves from 
 
 its food, 
 Ta^unia (pi. ta^nnai), n., a little star. 
 Taurdra, tr., to harden. 
 Taurdru, i.q. tamrdru, n., a star. 
 Taurere, taureriya (pi. taureru), hard things. 
 Tauri, n., cut sheep. 
 Tausa^=tafdsa, int. v., to boil. 
 Tause, tr. v., to press upon. SdrUi ya tause sundnsa him ga 
 
 wotlha. 
 Tausi, n., some kind of spice. 
 Tatitmi, n., some species of insect. 
 
 Tdwa, my own. Wonan ddnha ne (?) I fuska hdma tdwa. 
 Tawdsa or taivafa (pi. tawa^ai), name of a tree. 
 Tawdya, n., rebellion. Yi taicdye or tawai, to rebel, to raise 
 
 a rebellion. 
 
( 152 ) 
 
 Taydmma, n., towards the west^ westward. 
 
 Tai/csda, tr. v., to help ; to lift up. 
 
 T(iyi, Ɗ., a bid or offer. Ka fdije mfigun idiji. 
 
 Ti'izabin, rosary. Mutum ya dauici tdzahinsa, ya jiiiyina ya 
 
 sa hardsa. 
 TazawanJcal, n., light kind of sandals. 
 Tazi, n., a merchant. 
 Tazi, n., a crown. Ka kaskdsta tazinsa ya h.'isa. V., Ka tazi 
 
 sekdra da nagertdnka, Thou crownest the year with thy 
 
 goodness. 
 Tdziui = tdmhdri, n., some kind of drum. 
 Tdziri, n., a merchant. Ya zdma kiiniumi tdziri, he became 
 
 a rich merchant. 
 Ti'ibki (pi. tepkuna), n., a pond, pool. 
 
 Teiikia, n., contention, commotion, clamour, tumult, uproar. 
 Terkpsi, n., lameness = ^i<;ami. 
 Ternaki, n., a horse with one fore and one hind-foot whiter 
 
 sirbace. 
 Terriya, n., receiving with an escort. Yi terriya. 
 Tersa (third form), to overtake one unexpectedl}'-. 
 Tersdwa, overtaking, meeting. 
 
 Tesdiva, n., sprinkling water by blowing from the mouth. 
 Tllas, maitUas, an oppressor, oppressed. 
 Tilan diidsu, n., heap of stones j also tlllo, n., a pile. 
 TiUalahiya, n., soft slippery jn\id=ldka misdmci. 
 Tiinzera and tumzera (pi. gbauruko and ghaurori), u., a 
 
 venereal sore. 
 Tlndumi, n., a large man's slippers. 
 Tintiba = tuntuba, n., stumbling, tripping. 
 T('rka = zaiire, n., a tribe. 
 TlrkpH, n., a knock. 
 
 Tlrmdni=cirnaka or cirmaka, n., a wasp. 
 T6, adv. (affirmative), yes, well, good, even so. 
 Toba (?). Kr. 
 To/a, n., a shoot, plant, sprout. 
 
( 153 ) 
 
 Tofii, intr,, to sprout, to bud. 
 
 Toiiji, tr. v., to offer or present anything for sale. Maitoiyi 
 
 (pi. mdsu-), one who presents it. 
 Tdkuha, pi. form, swords. 
 ToJidra, tr. v., to uphold, to establish, to insist upon a price. 
 
 Tokdreri. 
 Toloiolo, n., a turkey cock. 
 Tona, add : reveal, Wotiha mta tona d^nri, to stir up. Miitiim 
 
 hai tone faddnJia ba, komi faddnka ha tgnesi ? If a man 
 
 seeks a quarrel with you, however quarrelsome you may 
 
 be, will you seek a quarrel with him ? Toni fadd , to pick 
 
 a quarrel. 
 Tunkia, n., contention, strife. 
 Torde, n., milk pressed out of butter, buttermilk. 
 Town giwa, (pi. tordyen glwa and namizln giwa), n., bull 
 
 elephant. 
 Tozali=hjli or koali, n., antimony. Tozali nihike, powdered 
 
 antimony. Toziti galena, antimony used for the eyes. 
 
 Tdndun tozali, case for the tozali. 
 Toze, tr., to burn. 
 Tozi, n., a bribe, reward. 
 
 Tudsa J maitiidsa ; Ina so en tura tiidsa sdnua (?). 
 Tftba, intr. v., to humble oneself, to entreat earnestly; to repent. 
 Tube, tr. v., to take off as garments. Mnka tfihe rlgnndmu 
 
 mdsudauda, muka sd woddnsit wankdkn, mnka ^ido kdsa. 
 Tubo, pr. n. of a town, one day's journey from Kanem. Tffbo 
 
 tdjian kivclna daia dagd Kdnem. 
 Tuburka, n., hip, hip-joint. 
 Tuda, tr. and intr., to spill, to pour out. IFa ya iiidn mai 
 
 a wilri nan ? Who spilled oil here ? 
 Tiie, i. q. tifye, tr. v., to burn. Hence sddukan tuya, n., a 
 
 burnt-offering. 
 TukHnia, n., a pot. Komi ka ba mdtd tiikfinia zdH. Whatever 
 
 you give to a woman goes in the pot. 
 Ti'ikwa, n., a mushroom ; a tuft of hair. 
 
( 154 ) 
 
 Tahwasaiino, n., a whitish variety of davva. 
 
 Tulawa, heaping up. 
 
 Tide gulihi, n., a channel. 
 
 Tulnika, n., muscular part of the hip, 
 
 Tululu-=ra.tatd, n., abundance, plenty. 
 
 Tumhi, n., tripe. 
 
 Tumhi'irhumo , n., the long Qni = iagdla. Large intestine next 
 
 to the tripe (?). 
 Titmfdfia, n., a gourd, pumpkin, ine\on=1mhiewa. 
 Tumiija, n., a large tree with milky juices, in the west. A 
 
 deep well, 30 to 40 fathoms deep. Arrow poison. 
 Tumiiliu, n., wild potato. 
 
 Tun and tun, also tin, tini and ten, adv., since, long before. 
 Tuna, tr. v., to think of. Si tun da ni, to come to oneself. 
 Tundni, n., remembrance, conscience ; repentance. Bdha la'ifi 
 
 hdha tundni. 
 Tunhar, n., a naked person. 
 Tunda. Additional examples : — Mu tCisi da safe tunda ran a 
 
 ha ta fita ha. Titnda ha si wdnhe ha fusJcdnsa ya sd 
 
 rlgdsa. Tunda mu hdre cln tiloniu niuna sa wghdlla 
 
 ga yenlce ndma en ha mu iya ha mu taiisesi da hdyun 
 
 zinJca. 
 Tnnzuruo, n., panic, terror, fright. 
 Tunguzi, to butt, as a ram or bull. 
 Tunjere and tumzere, n., yaws ; syphilis. 
 Tunlcone, tr. v., to bend, bend down. 
 Tdnku, n., a wild feline animal of a large size. 
 Tunliuhe = tintiha, n., stumbling, tripping. 
 Tunsnre and tunsd?-e = samci, to slip, to stumble. Tdsi, hi tdf, 
 
 hadd hi hf'ri zUcidta ta ttmsara. Tuniuhi, yi, to stumble ; 
 
 sd tuntvhi, to cause offence. 
 Tuntuma, or dan or hdn tuntuma (pi. tnntumdwa) , a native of 
 
 Tunturaa. 
 Tuntumi, adv., long before. 
 Tu5, intr., to grunt. 
 
( 155 ) 
 
 Tup (pi. tvpyi and tudi/e), n., food, Tami allSa, n., supper. 
 
 Tunn hula (pi. tupnhulgli and huJpli (?). Ɗagd da sai tuo 
 
 da sai tuo. Maioba da maifan g'.('Jro = Nothing but tuo 
 
 and tuo (to eat), welcome to seller of fiira made of 
 
 gero. 
 Tuplca, i. q. hipJca. 
 Ticra, tr. v., to put together. Ina tura agla hai maija ddkin 
 
 rua, I put casks together to convey palm-oil to the sea. 
 
 Enda ha ceda mace ringo (ungo) tacila tura tultunia. 
 
 When you say to a woman " Take this," she will only put 
 
 it in the pot. To push : see turani. 
 Tura, n., a large swelling on the back, (J.) Turdnci mai- 
 
 diili'ia U ne Abba. 
 Turha, n,, way, road. Anasdha hi so, turha. Turban sdmu ho 
 
 fdtauci, da kowa ya rUe, the different ways or methods 
 
 pursued for the acquisition of a livelihood, 
 Turdi (pi. t'urddiva), n,_, also baturdiya, a snake-charmer = 
 
 gerdi. 
 Tiire or turi=ha-ture (pi, turdwa), a white man, European ; a 
 
 rich man, 
 Ture, tr. v., to roll together. 
 
 Turere, tureria (pi. tiireru), broken ; semege, a broken fence. 
 Turgunuiva, n., an edible herb. 
 Tilri (pi. turdye), ice da anadamire bdiva. 
 Tur/d, maiturhi, n., a post to which a horse is tied, a stake for 
 
 fastening horses to. 
 Tunni, n., the wooden socket used as a lower door hinge. 
 Turubal riia, n., a ditch. 
 
 TurtuH=hilbudi=bilbidi, n,, fragments, crumbs. 
 Tusui, one-ninth, 
 Tuii, n., root, origin, 
 Tiiso, tr, v., to repeat, 
 
 Tuton tdna, n., dross of iron, K6 dusa harlfe, ko hazin tclma. 
 Tutututu, adv., [iir unb fiir, for ever and ever. 
 Tuwon sekki, n., tuvo of grit or rough flour. 
 
( 156 ) 
 
 Tui/e = t(Jije=tue, to burn, to set fire to something. 
 Tuzi (pi. tuzai), u., a large walking bird in forests, next in 
 size to the ostrich ; eats grass and products of trees. 
 
 f, ^. The t modified by a small s underneath is substituted 
 for the compound ts, as used in our previous publications, 
 to bring the orthography more in harmony with the 
 Standard Alphabet of Professor Lepsius ; as : 
 
 Td = tsd = tsdnu (pi. ^dmi = fara), n., companion, equal. 
 'I'dha, pr. n. of a town not far from Raba. 
 1Y(here = tsdhere, n., a reed. 
 
 '^\2jin ldmia=tsdjin tsdmia, a demon supposed to haunt tama- 
 rind-trees ; also called dogua. 
 [[dfagdsi, to comb the hair. 
 'fafta^afta, n., a sliower ; drizzling rain. 
 fafuna, n., image ; gertdtu {dfuna, gi-aven images. 
 T'^'jo, tr. v., to grind roughly. 
 ^^atda, tr. v , to establish. 
 '^aido, n., a herb with small leaves. 
 '^at^nya, tr. v., to make a stand against ; to stop one. 
 ^\iiiia, n., stubbornness, resistance, judgment, equity. 
 Taii/dica, n., expectation. 
 ^j^aka-ko (aka hai yi dilili, It does not succeed even half 
 
 way. 
 ^fcUla, n., mass, lump ; adj. pure, solid. Ya hidsi ^dllan kurdi, 
 
 He paid him in money, that is, in nothing else, only 
 
 in money. Sohen sindria, a riug of solid, or pure gold. 
 '^(dleta, n., a small finishing hammer with a wooden handle. 
 ^Vdza, n., a partition of zana inside a house. 
 Tdma and (am?, tr. v., to deliver, to save. Ya ^dmesi a mu- 
 
 g/mian rdna. 
 I^dmia, n., a tamarind-tree. 
 Tdinii, n., cramp. 
 J'amiiki, v., to pinch, to gripe. 
 fandni, da [andni, with cruelty. 
 
( 157 ) 
 
 ^andni, n., trouble, disease, violence. Kowa ya yi \andni ya 
 
 ga wdyeiva. Mai^andni, a violent person. Abu ^andnif 
 
 violent, troublesome disease. Ahu fandni ya sdmesa. 
 "Cane and ^andce, tr., to torment. 
 ^^aninta, torments. 
 ^aniya, n., a very small mouse. 
 Tdnfana, tr. v., to trouble, to torment, to disquiet, to disturb. 
 
 Ama dere ya l-dn^anesa hamdnrdna. 
 J^apta, n., cleanness, the opposite of hdzdmta. 
 ^dra, n., foul-smelling bush cat ; a moth. A wild cat, smaller 
 
 than farno. 
 '^('ardna, my equal. 
 
 ^dranci, n., friendship, companionship, partnership. 
 ^^Yirno, n., a long-mouthed frog. 
 Tdrdri (pi. ^drdre), n., lover in a bad sense. 
 J'dre, tr. v., to besiege ; ydJci ya lave, 
 '^dri and ^dra, n., a species of iguana. A screen, veil. Curd 
 
 of milk, if soft j gun^dri, if hard. 
 Tdri, tr. v., to defend oneself against, to keep, to preserve, to 
 
 sustain. 
 ^drse (3rd form), to deliver. 
 Tdrsie, caus. v., to deliver, to save. 
 ^d(a, n., roast. 
 
 Tdrua, n., bush-cat with spotted skin. 
 J'attrere, n., a coward. Ai Boguliri ^aurere ne, Bogobiri is 
 
 anything but a coward. 
 'j^drya, holy ; fata lua^arya. 
 '^dssafa, n., light rain. 
 Tdrse, tr. v., to compass, suiTOund, deliver. Kai ka Idrsemu. 
 
 Eansom. 
 Td^afa, tr., to sift ; to pick out carefully. 
 I^dwa, tr. v., to check, to hinder by stopping ; to rebuke. 
 'Fdya, intr., to stop, to abide. 
 ^dyawa, n., adversity. 
 J'dyi, n., inclination, bent. 
 
( 158 ) 
 
 'Cefe or cefe, tr. v., to pull grains one by ono from tlie ear as 
 
 for eatino-. 
 T'^gge, n., some kind of fish with large sharp teeth. 
 feggi, tr. v., to dry meat over the fire, to extract fat or juice; 
 
 also of animals, which are washing. 
 'l^egiya, n., a giraffe's tail ; a necklace made of the hair of the 
 
 tail of the giraffe, elephant, or horse. 
 J'ekdraj n., a herb. 
 ^ehld, c, grit, seconds, rough flour. 
 
 I^'ekaci, liira, tura, to contemplate, ponder, consider atten- 
 tively. 
 ^ehJdja = kw6tana, n., a large stone bead. 
 J'erei, n., a race. Ka zo, mil iji ^('rei. 
 ^erere, ^eroriya (pi. fereru), escaped. 
 'I'ereriya, n., any red kind of bean. 
 I^ialia, want of blessing, never prospering. 
 fibia=hirni, n., town. (Bennett.) 
 ^17716 or fume, tr. v., to preserve any fluid or syrup, to preserve 
 
 in fluids, as fruit or medicines in Kano, to be used after 
 
 some days. 
 fiml-a, tr. v., to pick leaves one by one, to tear by pulling out 
 
 threads. 
 'J'imlidke, pmkdlciya (pi. fimhoTcai), leaves stripped one by 
 
 one. 
 J'inta, tr. v., to pick up. 
 
 ^intate, ^infaciya (pi. ^intdtn), picked up, found. 
 ^intuwa, tr. v., to find something belonging to another, while 
 
 sdmu means to find what belongs to the finder. 
 ^inciyal giro, n., a kind of grass, fine reddish-brown flower. 
 ^ira, intr. v., to spring up as seeds. Clra, to pluck. 
 '^irdva, n., nakedness. Ba su gdni ha na uhdnsu. 
 'J'tre, tr. v., to fasten to as to a spit on which meat is roasted. 
 
 Suna lire gaiwa ga itdce maidlni suna kafdta kusa ga 
 
 wfita suna gasdta. 
 J'okani, tr. v., to stir up strife. Sun {dkani fadd. 
 
( 159 ) 
 
 1'pmawa, n.. Manifestation = Epiphany. Several words are 
 
 proposed^ as: hayena,nunawa,gpdawa. 
 ^ordye, lisafta, fonnjenta, count the towers thereof. 
 J^ori, n., a superstition connected with a road, path or place, 
 
 or some superstitious observance practiced on passing 
 
 particular spots. 
 ^oron hirni, n., festooning of a rampart. 
 '^6\e, to wither. 
 I^o^i, to kiss. 
 
 I^o^o, n., rump, end of the back-bone. 
 ^uho, tr. v., to write charms ; luaip'iha (pi. mvsu-), one who 
 
 writes charms. 
 J^uTce, tr., to bind, to tie. Anp'ikemu da sarlighin zunu- 
 
 fefdu. 
 J^ula, n., monkey with reddish skin ; or culo. 
 '^umlie, to give a blow=il/«ri. 
 ^unkuyi, tr. v., to push. 
 J'urfa, n., work, profession. 
 '^utvrha = It'ngi, n., a bag for salt, twenty-two to twenty-four 
 
 inches long, but narrow. 
 ^u^al t-dmiya, or merely ^dmiya, n., a silkworm. 
 J'u^iviya, termites. 
 ^fiza (pi. pUdri), n., a maggot, larva. 
 
 V 
 
 c. 
 
 C, c, stand for t^, as formerly used, and is pronounced like ch 
 
 in ' cheese,' as cis. 
 Cdha or ^aha, p. n., town not far from Raba. 
 Caca=UdtSa, n., gambling ; Dan gucia, n., a gambler ; literally, 
 
 child of the nut, because gambling is carried on by means 
 
 of nuts. The practice is punished with death in some 
 
 parts. 
 Cdda, adj., dear, expensive, costly; v., Ze, mu yi cddansa, 
 
 Come let us close the bargain. 
 
( 160 ) 
 
 Cddv, pr, n., Ishad ; ruan 6ddu, lake Ishad. 
 
 Cflgia, n., string of a guitar. 
 
 Cdgua, n., split ; sore. Ka worl:e cdgudnta, heal thou the 
 sores thereof. 
 
 Cahdgi, n., large wading bird, 
 
 Cakan garni, n., rings for the feet, made of brass or iron. 
 
 CaJiasdhra, n., head ornament for horses. 
 
 6V?mo, tr. v., to draw, pull out. Ya cdmoni dagd rila. 
 
 Cdrse, tr. v., to deliver, to reserve. 
 
 Caimya, n., specks or film on the eye. 
 
 Cdwardya, n., ophthalmia ; cdwura, specks on cornea from 
 cataract. 
 
 Ce, subst. v., f., to be. In some parts it is ta ; as, mace ta = 
 mace cc, it (she) is a woman; ita yarlna ce = ta, it is a 
 girl. 
 
 Ce, to say, to name, to call ; to think, suppose, imagine. 
 Second form, ceda. Ahin da ya sd alcacedasi woli, that is 
 the reason why he was called a saint. Ba aceha, it is not 
 said, thought or supposed. Mulca ce herinsii akayi amd 
 ba ta bd^esu ba liar ydnzu, we thought they had been set 
 free, but she has not given them liberty until now. 
 
 Cediya and gainyen cVi?n/a?2, light-blue colour. 
 
 Cegu^ n., spite. Ɗoii del cegu mi, just only for the sake of 
 spite. 
 
 Cehi, n., sediment of flour or meal, siftings, coarser part. 
 
 Cchiya, n., opening an abscess ; scarifying. 
 
 CeliU or cuhu and culcumdra, n., cheese. 
 
 Cera, n., a species of plaintain eater, a bird Maicera simya, one 
 whose leg is bent from disease. 
 
 Ccfe, intr. v., to run fast, to outrun one; ya cerCTxO da gndii, 
 
 he runs faster than thou. 
 Cerld, n., some kind of bird. 
 Cerma, n., small striped rodent. 
 Ctrtuwa, u., spitting through the tooth. 
 Ci'ii, n., a musical instrument. 
 
( ICI ) 
 
 Ceru, n., a long knife. 
 
 Cewa, n., a word, saying, pi*oraise j that is to say ; namely. 
 Cewa, i. q. Jiamdjiu, n., shape. 
 
 Cl, tr. v., to eat ; to rule, govern, reign ; to cheat, to defraud, 
 to destroy. Cl hdram, to enjoy what is unlawful or un- 
 just. Kadd kic hwdce ahu da hdrtji dagd woni mutuni, sai 
 hun bddi kurdi. Maicin sdraida ydnzu, the present ruler. 
 Mutdne masucin dahino su he. Maicin hdsi, a fraudulent 
 debtor. Second fc^rm, cida, to feed, maintain oneself. 
 Third form, cise, to cause to eat. Fourth form, clijesda, to 
 maintain, sustain with food. Pass., anaclyesda. Mwtdne 
 dilka anaciyesdasu da Alia. Clii hdsua, to make the 
 market profitable, to be successful at. Cin hdsuan Oanda 
 sai jm Nufanci ne, you must understand Nufe to trade 
 successfully at Ganda. 
 
 Ci=t6{, affix forming nouns of various kinds, corresponding to 
 the German affixes, gc, niut^, English ' ness ; ' as, hakiimta, 
 gelncten, hahumci, ©ebot; halita, [ii)affen ; halici, ©efi^opf. 
 Tdlaka, poor ; talaiici, poverty, 2(rmutf;. Haiika, mad ; 
 haukaci, madness. 
 
 Cia, n., calamity ; doii cia macidta, for the spoiling of the 
 poor. 
 
 Cidwa, n., grass ; ciduoan kai, in Kabbi, the hair of the head. 
 
 Cidwa dainye, green grass. 
 
 Clhirikinkini, n., a plant with flowers and fruit ; grapo. 
 Ɗorugu speaks of them as being eaten, like dahino and 
 kabiewa. 
 
 Cihiya (pi. cihiyoyi), the navel. Bisa cibiya, kdsa clbiya, 
 above, under the navel ; also kain clbiya. 
 
 Clbri (pi. clbruka and cibrikekl), n., a ball, any thing made up 
 in the form of a ball ; any thing round, as a pill. 
 
 Clda, n., distant thunder. 
 
 Cidaceto, ci da ceto, n., a bribe. 
 
 Ciera, n., cock-crowing. Kaddn zakdra ya yi ciera ki tdfo ki 
 siga cikin giddnki, da nl en tdfi giddna. 
 
 Y 
 
( 16:2 ) 
 
 Ciga, adj., soft, not hard; gfirasa ta c'lga. 
 
 Cihadi=jihadi, n., a reformer. 
 
 Czka, n. and adj., full, fulness; filled; complete, perfect. Ear 
 
 lea cilia hdnJcaUnJia bai bdceba. 
 Gikake, cikalia and cikdkia (pi, cikdhu), filled, fulfilled, perfect. 
 
 Maicika fiisi, n., an avenger. 
 Cikawa, n., heavy fall of rain, as in mdlha; flood, overflow. 
 Clhaumn hdn/1, the filling of the hand, i.e. the consecration of 
 
 the priest. 
 CiJii, n., inside, hence used with prepositions. Ga cikin, 
 
 England. Swia tdfia cikin ddH. 
 Cikirikiti, d., a fowl with few feathers. 
 
 Cikrufa, n., small bag used by merchants for carrying salt. 
 Cilakgwa, n., a bird of prey from the north. 
 Cilikowa, a bird bi'ed in the hollow of trees, a magpie. Nan 
 
 Idsi nan jizia. Em ba kodai mahalba iva ka kasie cili- 
 
 kovm ? but for the greediness of the hunters, who would 
 
 kill the cilikpwa ? 
 dimdka, n., food, meat ; cimdka = barantika. 
 Cimdyi, intr., to wait for. 
 Cimbdsi, to owe a debt. Alia ba si cimbd^i, amd kuliim sdji 
 
 sina Mam bdH. 
 Cimma, to meet with. Ya cimma makdfo. 
 Cimumi, n., plans, cares, contrivances, thoughts. Da cimumi 
 
 da dubdramu diika ba su ke ciscmu ba, it is not our own 
 
 plans and contrivances which feed us. 
 Ci?7, excl., pause, alarm ! 
 Cincewa, selecting, picking. 
 dincia, n., a broom. 
 dingini, tr. v., to pawn. 
 Cini and ^ini and dhii, n., point. 
 C'inlki, n., trade, business. Prov., Kmva ya yi ciniki kdria, 
 
 ya yi bia gdskia. 
 Cinkai, zinkai, sinkai, to pity, ina ciiikdinka, 
 Cinge, tr., to devour. 
 
( 163 ) 
 
 Cinlx'dya, io keep watch; spying. Ci filed ya lata gdma 6a, to 
 forsee. 
 
 Cinlce (pi. cineJcc), n., a nail, pin. 
 
 Cinlcira. (Kr.) 
 
 CTo, n., a certain kind of fruit ; tlie male part of it is eaten by 
 monkeys. Namlzin cio wonda hiroyi ke cm yasdnsa, kamd 
 hpakpa Atagara, The male clo, whose fruit monkeys eat, 
 is like the cocoa-nut. Ya ctobi, he destroyed him (tlie 
 meaning is doubtful). 
 
 CHrUy intr, v., to sprout, to bud. 
 
 Cirdnse, to deliver. Fourth cirasda kHrudta. 
 
 Cirdra, n., nudity. 
 
 Cirasda, to deliver, to rescue. Ɗoh kai Jca cirasda raina dagd 
 mutua. 
 
 Cire, ir.Y., to root out; yaUreha daga kusa masurdi, to cut 
 off. Si cire lehuna lalase cluJca. 
 
 Cirere, cireiya (pi, ciresu), pulled, pulled out. 
 
 Cirkia, n., sti'ing, bow-string. 
 
 Ciro, tr. v., to root up, to eradicate. Ahin da ke ciroiva kdsa 
 duk ya clro. 
 
 Clsal, n., a disease in the mouth of infants, like noli me tangere, 
 eating nose cartilage. 
 
 Clta, n., some sort of pepper. 
 
 Citafo, n., ginger. 
 
 (jitdka=gatdri, n., an axe. 
 
 Citta, n., the next following day after the day of to- 
 morrow. 
 
 Cicero and ciciruwaf also ciciru, n., a black horse or mare = 
 alkawal. 
 
 Cinciya mahalbi, n., a kind of grass used as an antidote or 
 charm against some arrow poison. 
 
 dici, alla=hdyan alia, n., swallow. 
 
 Cicika, n., perfection, 
 
 Cirdsda, to deliver, to rescue. 
 
 Clivo na sdhon ddwa, a fever breaking out when the Indian 
 
( 1G4 
 
 corn is ripe. The Nupis, to propitiate the harvest deities, 
 
 offer them a great many of the heads. 
 Chvo7i hakori, toothache, Ai c'lwon halcori na \ofofi ne. 
 Ciworwota, n., protracted illness, illness frequently returning. 
 Clwuhi, n., clucking noise with the mouth. 
 Ciya=^iya, n., poverty. 
 Coka and cokami, to strive, to stir up strife. 
 Cua and cfnua, to become angry. Ydro ya yi ciwaya yi filH. 
 Ciidawa and cudewa, pressing milk out of butter. The milk 
 
 pressed out is called tgrde, from Fulde. 
 C'fika, n., form of heathen worship in Kano. 
 Ciina (pi. cimoni), n., a gusset. 
 Cuse, cusa, cusu, crowded. 
 Cvta, i. q. ciwiita (pi. cicuci), n., sickness, sorrow, pain. Ya 
 
 imrke cvta did^a, da su ke cikin mutdne ; Cuta and nifata, 
 
 to trouble, cause trouble and molestation. Ba ni da woni 
 
 cuta, sosai ni ke, I have not any kind of disease, I am 
 
 quite well. 
 Ci'ici, tr. v., to injure, to do harm. 
 
 u. 
 
 Ubd or old (pi. nhdne and uhdndi), n., father, master, lord. 
 Ubdn gidd and nhdngizi, master of the house ; while Vbdii 
 gizimu Alia is, Our Lord God ; and Uhdngizhnulsa Kristu 
 is, Our Lord Jesus Christ. Ubdn rdna (pi. iibdnen rana). 
 Godfather. (Not suitable.) 
 
 Vhdmiy fatherly. 
 
 Vena, n., bread. 
 
 JJha, n., noise ; yi ilha rdha, make a joyful noise. 
 
 Vmburum, n., a wild tribe in Bai'ici. 
 
 Umorni (?), order. Ya dmsa umorni. 
 
 Ungo (?), in the sentence Ina bdka na hdka duJc nngo (perhaps 
 it should be dicka nga) tdfi yafi. (John.) 
 
 Ufigua (pi. ungual and uiigioii and unguwa), n., a vilhige, 
 hamlet. 
 
( 165 ) 
 
 Un = wuri, n., place. Urinka, with tlice; ka tafi Grin OamdrL 
 
 I)auri=^dawuri, of old. 
 Vska, n., Bishop. 
 Vsmdni, pr. name. 
 
 U^an, Lbdngizi, n,, the Lord's Supper; or, Limn JJhdncjizi. 
 Usali, n., origin. Usulin Barebari Larahdwa ne. 
 Umri, one-tenth. 
 Uwd (pi. uwdne and uwdye), n., mother; ina sonsa kamdn uwd 
 
 data, si kud Una spna kivdrai. 
 Vwdn magunguna, n., a tree with very small leaves ; roots used 
 
 as an alternative ; odorous root. Wa occurs rarely for 
 
 mother. 
 Vwal de§i, n., the mother of poison, or principal ingredients of 
 
 poison. 
 Uiudn rdna, n., Godmother. 
 Uworigidd and worigida, or uiuoriglSia and iiwalgidd, mistress 
 
 of the house — the former used by the husband, the ktter 
 
 by slaves. 
 Uyatdso. Brd.'s sentence : Kaso niutum don dddi uydldso, 
 
 kaddd ka kUi da kumia. Vol. ii., p. 61. 
 
 w. 
 
 Wa (pi. sua (?), inter, prou., who, what (referring to persons), 
 except with stlnd ; as, Wa sundnsa ? What is his name ? 
 Nwa ? whose ? Gida nwa ya zdmna ? In whose house 
 does he live ? Tiimdkinwa su ke ? Whose sheep are they ? 
 Ɗa wa ya z6 ? With whom did he come ? 
 
 Wa, tr. v., to get, to put, to do. Wa aUdrka, to speak well ; 
 Hna iva makoiddsi, he speaks well of the covetous. Wa- 
 mugunta, treat badly ; as, mututn ya wa na want mugiinta, 
 ai na sine ya wd. Domi kana iva ga kmika kasa'ita ? 
 Why do you conduct yourself so proudly ? Wa, to reprove, 
 or wafadd. Wa fadd da Ibrahimo ya wa da Abimeleh 
 fadd domi rlzian rua. Ni ke wa tdbi, I am clapping 
 hands. 
 
{ 1<5<3 ) 
 
 Wdbi, n., miscarrying ; abortion. See agtUa. Tana ivdhi 
 Jcilkim, ^iiia so ka hdsl vidganin wdhl, the dying of children 
 soon after birth. Maiwdhi (pi. mdsn-), a woman whose 
 children die soon after birth. JDdn ivdbi (pi. ydydn ivdhi), 
 children who die soon after birth. (The first is John's, 
 the second Baikie's explanation.) 
 
 Wada, waddta, n., riches^ fertility, increase. 
 
 Wadda, n., stage for sleeping in travelling. Waddan, in So- 
 koto = ivaddnnn. 
 
 Waddrl (?), entreaty, supplication. Don ina wnddri, because 
 I am vexed. 
 
 Waddta and waddta, yi woddta, to get rich ; accamulate riches. 
 
 Wdga, n., skin hamper for donkey or ox load. 
 
 Wahdlla, n., trouble. Kmva naSi ivahdila, every one has his 
 own trouble. Wahdlla hdlci Mrin, deep distress (very 
 black trouble). 
 
 Waliami, n., inspiration (?). John. 
 
 Wahdraiva = hwonan hdya, some time before or after. 
 
 Wain, n., wine. 
 
 Wai, as da wai ne, with some hesitation or question. 
 
 Wai, conj., because, that. Tana fadd da ni, wai, naki slda 
 luurinta ; '?(;fti = saying = because that. Ba su tdji dazi 
 yau ha ivai, (saying) because Odokodo (the brook called 
 by that name) ya kawonla. A/izi lahdrhika wai /azi 
 gnrPJca. 
 
 Wairiia, n., carefulness ; da ivainla ; kuna cm gfirut>a da 
 loainia. 
 
 Waiwai, as na ji waiwai, I have heard it said. Zdni em ma'ida 
 waiiuayi, I am going to return a visit. 
 
 Wdka bdnza (pi. wakoki banzdyi)^ secular song. 
 
 Wdka adlni (pi. ivakoki adinayi) or adlnci, a religious song. 
 Wdka gasieria, a short song. 
 
 Wakdki (pi. form), some part of a threshing instrument, (only 
 occurring in Isaiah xli. 15). It may be the same as 
 witkakc. 
 
( icr ) 
 
 Wahdli, i. q. walclll, n., a steward, treasurer. 
 WaJiawdke, striped, having stripes ; black and white fowl. 
 WdJce, n., beans. There are various kinds, sls fdrimvdke, white ; 
 
 jan ivdke, red. WdJce zdki, a grey-spotted kind. 
 Walakdnci, disgrace, ma\trea.tment = kan]idnci. 
 Walga wilccwa da jaiigaiva? What a hasty passing away. 
 Walki or ivolki, n., wrapper. Ba azila h/lki da ival/ci saida riga 
 
 maikyail, One does not go to a feast in a wrapper, but in 
 
 fine clothes. 
 Walla, intr., to be free at home ; to refresh oneself. 
 Wallahi mallam mun jl haka, certainly. Mallam, we have 
 
 heard it. Walahi, marinki zdta yi, I am sure she will 
 
 give you a slap. 
 Waliki, (pi. icalukhna) , n., a dove. 
 Walls ! an oath ; as, '' By God ! " 
 WdUin or Idske, n., light. 
 Walwdce, tr., to scatter. 
 Walwazi, n., gathering. 
 Wdma and dawdma, to continue, to abide; d'lmku su 
 
 dawdma. 
 Wdndp (pi. wandodi and wdnduna), n., trousers. Sima da 
 
 ydyanydki dagd nan, duka Larahdiva, wdndonsu kanidn 
 
 zlka, ammd fardren wdnduna sit ke. Ra da wdndo ya tcldi 
 
 kankdnta arzikin vjalki. (Kr.) 
 Wdne, as kamd da wane ba wane ba, the likeness of a man is 
 
 not the man himself. 
 Wang a, n., town-bell. Some description of a clock, sda. Sina 
 
 cikin ddkijsin rno^i da kdnSi ; en ya z6 buy a komkdna azo 
 
 abuga wdnga. 
 Wdnka and yi lodnka, to wash oneself, or to bathe; i/a tdfi 
 
 v)dnka. Ya tdfi ga riian Udda, don hi yi wdnka dagd 
 
 nan. Ni wdnJco means " I will wash the thing and return 
 
 with it." 
 Wdnko, imperat., is " Wash it and bring it back." 
 Wansdmi or wanzdml, n., a barber. Wanznmi ya tdfo ya 
 
( 108 ) 
 
 yi nuUa dski. Sdrtkin luaiizdmi, chief barber, one who 
 
 is authorized to perform circumcision. 
 Wdrdmi (pi. wdrdmai), n., ring of bit if twisted ; anything 
 
 twisted. 
 Wdri, to smell of something. Md/e na ivdrin rdna, natnizi na 
 
 wdrin rdna. 
 Wance, n., woman ; such and such a person ; a certain 
 
 friend. 
 Wdnye, tr. v., to finish; waiujeye m., wanyiya f.; and pi. wan- 
 
 yeyu, finished. 
 Waraka, n., a leaf of a book. 
 
 Wardi, n., scent. Tulun wardi, scent or smelling-bottle. 
 Warere m., wareriya t, and pi. wareru=rahdhe, separated, 
 
 divided. 
 War hdka, adv., now, by this time, about this time. Warhaka 
 
 anacinfuri. 
 Wdri, to smell of something ; mace na warin rdna. 
 Warna, n., a small frog on trees in marshes. 
 TFar^a/ta, to be convalescent. 
 Wdrzi, n., a Bauchi tribe south of Sira, and not far from 
 
 Fakan. 
 Wdsa and yi ivdsa, to play; to sharpen, to scatter. Mi'ddne 
 
 nga ha awdsa ha da sn, these people are not to be played 
 
 with. Hdka awclsam.u, In this way we were scattered, 
 
 Muna wdsa ne. Wdsa 'mi ? Wdsa suri, 
 Wdsamhuki, n,, a feasting or playing place. Wdsa dahdm, 
 
 wasawdsa daham. 
 Wdsali (pi. wdsulla and wasalloU) , n., book markers. 
 Wasantdka and da wakantdka are said to differ a little from 
 
 tdsinkai, i.e. raising the head=beiug-proud. 
 Wdsoso, n., scrambling. 
 Wa.^dce, wa^aciya (pi. waf^d^u), scattered. 
 Wa^dsda (fourth form), to scatter. 
 Wa^apia and ivaldioa^id akwia, a vicious, good-for-nothing 
 
 goat^ 
 
( 169 ) 
 
 Wa^aivd^a (frequentative form), to sprinkle water by the hand. 
 
 Waiice, n., folly. 
 
 Wauta, n., folly, foolishness. 
 
 Wazagi, n., a -wild cat with large canine teeth. 
 
 TFawa,add hdhu lyawa, without doubt. Wdwan wawa,a, vevy ?oo\. 
 
 Wdtvan ddzi, n., a ti'ee with large shining dark leaves. 
 
 Wdye, to explain. Nibar sdniha, Imddn kai Jca sclni ivdije mdni, 
 
 to become clear, to dawn. Prov., Komi nlsa na ddrl gari 
 
 ya wdye, However dark the night may be, the day will 
 
 dawn again. 
 Wdyo, n,, cunningness. K6 sdrihi ha si fl mdce da tvdyo. 
 Wazihu, it is becoming ; what ought to be. Wazibu garemu ne. 
 Wazeri (pi. wazerai), n., a Yizier. 
 Wei and woi, exclamation of dismay. 
 Windi, i. q. mdlafa, n., a round mat. 
 Wo (Dictionary, p. 254). John adds yiwo, tr. and intr., to 
 
 make, to do ; ya yiwo magdna, he made word=lie 
 
 spake ; ya yiwo husa, he draws near. 
 Woha=^loro and ranzdna, fear, terror. 
 Woddta, n., riches. Maiwoddci=maidiihia, one possessed of 
 
 goods. See Wada. Maivoddta da tdlakdwa, rich and poor. 
 Wddanan, demonstrative pron., this, these. Mu wodanan uhu 
 
 anha'ifemii ga garl daia. 
 Wofi, n., vanity, empty show. Fikon dunia ai wofi ne, the 
 
 greatness of the world is but vanity. 
 Wohdlda (second form), to punish, to trouble. Garimvohdlda 
 
 masuyin mmgu. 
 Woiwoiamdganimdntud. Prov.,S5Scrnid^t 6innf)atl;at <5u§. Woi- 
 
 woyeni ba,as ha tawoiwoyeni ha, shedid not inquire after me. 
 Wolkia, to shine, to glitter. Ya wdsa takohlnsa ya yi wolkia. 
 Wolli, n., a saint; also wolla, and wolldhi. 
 Woi, in the sentence yafadd rlzia woiH. 
 Woiwoye, to inquire ; ha ta woiwoyeni ha. 
 Wonan, this ; da wonan da woncan, this and that. 
 Wondo, n., a pair of trousers. 
 
 Z 
 
( I'O ) 
 
 Woni ; ahin worn na wa ivoni ? Is what is good for one good 
 
 for another ? 
 Woni yayi, adv., sometime. 
 WonH, n., brook. Mdtd en sun iufi rdji da tufdji garin wun- 
 
 kdnsu H ne anade sun tdfl wonki, ammd en sun tdfl su yi 
 
 IV u ilka da Icdnsu luondn anakira wohka, 
 Wonzu, to prolong. 
 
 Wovj prep., about (?). Wor hdka, about that time. 
 Worivore, to improve in health, getting better. 
 Worsd)ni,-a.,Si tree used for making charcoal ; leaves light green. 
 Wosie or ivose, side, place. Data ga. tvo^ie ndn,daia ga w6b"iecdn. 
 Wossawossa, n., species of caterpillar. 
 Wotaklla^ conj., perhaps. 
 Wotta or watta, n., month ; iDotlan zia, last month ; \cutta nan, 
 
 this month ; wottan. gobe, next month. 
 Wuce, to pass by so as not to notice or to mind, or take heed 
 
 of. Kadd lotii ya wilce. 
 Wi/kan sdnkl, n., the king's knife, the name given to a grass- 
 hopper with greenish wings. 
 Wulgowa, passing by. 
 Wilndi = whidi. 
 
 Wuni, intr. v., to pass the day at a ^\ace = ylni. 
 Wuni-=zdnia, n., state, condition. 
 Wilni, to abuse. Tawilni hacina yau, She spent the whole of 
 
 this day in abusing me. 
 Wura or tumd, intr., to jump. 
 Wiiri, n. and adv.; ya yi kitsa da wf/ri enda mu ke. Zunufdinsu 
 
 na da wiiri, their former sins. Wuruisu, their dwellings. 
 Wurinsa zohe, n., the large notch in the upper corner of a 
 
 door in the zobe. Worlnsa turmi, the notch in the lower 
 
 corner of a door to work in tiirmi. 
 Wurno, m.., a species of tree-frog. 
 Wurus, or ayi ivilrus {p\. farusai ?). 
 Wubi=:fciH, anger. 
 WuHj n., a fish which can distend itself like a globe. 
 
{ 171 ) 
 
 Wi/yi, n., neck. Talauci dikinsa da girhna, wflydnsa laddn. 
 
 Wnydn hdnii, arm from wrist to the elbow. 
 
 W'Jya, n., trouble, trial, molestation. En wj/ya hai siga ha 
 
 aiifdni ha ii zama. Magdnasu da wfiya amdri, It is 
 
 difficult to fall in with their views. 
 
 Y. 
 
 Ya, he, expressing conditional mood. Si ne su he ce, kaddn 
 
 ya :dJca, en yu tdha dimia Si kgncta. JSi so ya tdra Jciirdi, 
 
 doH yasdye letafi. Ya ! interj., ! Ya Ari ! O AH ! 
 Yd and ii/a yanuwa mdta, n., elder sister, elder daughter. 
 
 Wdlca ydn mdta, the song of the women. Ydn Tdnra, 
 
 inhabitants of Tanra. 
 Idha da, to approve. Cf. Ina da icdni, han ydha da si ha 
 
 Idho mi'itum iddnilnsa zudgi ne, to praise a man in his 
 
 presence is to insult him. 
 Ydhoiikai, n., self-praise ; self-exaltation, 
 Yahuwdia, n., comparison (?). 
 
 Idda, to tread ; to throw, to lay. Ba da ivnrin ydda hoi. 
 Yadardra, n., a white sort of dawa. 
 Yddiya, u., a small shrub. 
 
 Yiido, intr. v., to spread or creep as a creeping plant. 
 Ydfe, yd/a (pi. yclfii), cast about. 
 Yafu, to confirm ; to clothe, to send rain. Da mu zdmu ydfu 
 
 jiklmu (?), 
 Tdga (?) to smash. 
 Yaiyefi, as riia na yaiyef, It is raining very much. Ɗorugu 
 
 gives ydyafa, and Earth yinyiffe and ^asafa, for light rain. 
 Yakl, yaka, yako, tr. v., to war 
 Ydko, n., a creeping plant with broad leaf and small long seed 
 
 vessels. 
 Ydkiina (pi. form), hosts. JJhangizi na ydkuna, the Lord of 
 
 Hosts. 
 Ydkwa, n., sour-sour = s?fr6. 
 Yalfuddania, pr. n. of a river. 
 
( 172 ) 
 
 YaUaHija, an expression of contempt applied to a female. 
 
 Ydlo (pi. ydloli and ydluna and ydldye) , large species of egg- 
 plant. 
 
 Yaltawaye, pr. n. f., literally, child born among rebels. 
 
 Yalwdta, intr., to flourish, to extend ; to prosper, to sprout ; 
 n., prosperity, 
 
 Yamdtamu, our daughters or young women. 
 
 Ydmaci=fadudc{n rdna, the west; the region of the setting 
 sun, westward. 
 
 Ydmce = hauce, tr. v., to mix as food. 
 
 Yamhon hdnff, n., cruelty to prisoners. 
 
 YamSe^e, yamSesiya (pi. yamsem), withered, faded. 
 
 Ydmusa, pr. n. m. and of place. 
 
 Yamuce, to destroy, pull down. Ya yamuce hiika. 
 
 Ydmydm, the name given by the Hausa to the natives inhabiting 
 the lower part of the Niger ; it is also used for 
 cannibals. 
 
 Yanda (?) Komi yanda ha rfife Jcofa, dkiuia nan sai ta bude. 
 
 Yanhankdka^ n., young ravens. 
 
 YannS or yannai or yansa, n., a lamb. 
 
 Ydnke and yeiike, tv. v., to cut, to cut off. Ydnkan kdmmd, 
 to be disrespectful; ina yenke maki kamma,! cut the 
 brow at thee, t.e. I frown at thee in anger ; displeasure, 
 am ofi*ended at ; rather offending thee. 
 
 Ydnmdzamu, our sons or young men. 
 
 Ydnci or yauci, adv., late, out of time. 
 
 Yansdrkoki n., prisoners. 
 
 Yantdce, n., grass tied up for thatch. 
 
 Yanuha mdza, n., brethren. 
 
 Yanuwdta, n., her companions. 
 
 Ydnzu, adv., now. Ai ydnzu ne na tdfo, I have arrived just 
 now. Ydnzu nga, n., this moment. 
 
 Ydo, p. n. of a town. Tunda muka heri Kidaiva mnka zdka ya 
 Ydo, ina tamdha kwandki Hida dagd nan zua ga Burna. 
 
 Ydo, n., this day, to-day. 
 
( 173 ) 
 
 Ydranci, n., yonth= i/dreiita. 
 
 Yaranni, the Kano name for yellow colour. 
 
 Yareiya ^drM, n., Holy Communion. 
 
 Ydri: see y a AU=ydri= yd, for Ari. (Kr.) 
 
 Ydro da mainya, old and young. 
 
 Ydrsa, n., tlie interval between two markets. 
 
 Yarn da ddria, literally, the laughiug-boy, the name given to 
 
 a sweet ground-nut. 
 Yaruha, Jcdsan Yortiha, the Yoruba country. Ba Ydruha 
 
 (pi. ydrubdioa), native. Cf. Word ha Ydruhe da anla- 
 
 tdmhdyesi, ya ce ; ni ban ci ddwa daydwa tukuna, en tdfl 
 
 en sdre itdtua nan en mutu. 
 Ydse, tr. v., to cast out. Aydsesu, they are cast off. Ɓai 
 
 sani fuH ha, hai san ydzi ha ; he is insensible to anger 
 
 and wrath. Second form, ydsda, to cast away ; to beat 
 
 small. Yayada, as Na yaydda zdne, I threw my clothes 
 
 away. 
 Ya^a, n.j finger. 
 Yaudon suri=alkdma7i suri = alkdman masar, a small herb 
 
 with a lilac flower, with a large broad petal used in 
 
 sauce. 
 YaiiM, n., a kind of velvet cloth. 
 
 Yatini, n., fish with prolonged mouth and small round fins. 
 Yauyau^ adv., just now, lately. 
 
 Yauci, n., lateness, backwardness ; ya yi yailci, he is late. 
 Ydwo, n., a walk. K6 ta tdji dogon ydwo, perhaps she has taken 
 
 a long walk. 
 Yawonci, adv., a ydwonci, at most, utmost. 
 Ydyada, to throw away. Na ydydda zdne. Ydron ga. yi lya 
 
 ydydda mutdne. 
 Yenko na lausin woti/ca, the engravings of a signet. 
 Yenci, mugun yenci, n., adultery, fornication. 
 Yenci, ha yenci, to make free. Ɗd si hdJcu yenci. 
 Yeyofi, n., a shower. 
 YI, to do, to make, to be. Nayi nayi, nay I har na gdzi, I did 
 
( 174 ) 
 
 =1 tried, I tried, I tried till I was tired. Ka gani ina 
 
 zdmne hera duk sun yl mdni tdadi. Yi da /cai, doing the 
 
 thing by head, i. q. heart ; determination. 
 Yibda, to chafe. 
 Yi ya fl ceiva ga hUnuna, deeds are better than words 
 
 with me. 
 Yirdazi, faithful. 
 Yoji, open (?) ; ain hdlci yofi {ayin, letter with an open 
 
 mouth). 
 Yuia, iv., to pour out, to spill. 
 Yuka (pi. yu/iae = wuka'), n., a knife. 
 Yuiiikura, to groan as under a burden. Ta yukiikura. 
 
 z. 
 
 Zcl, to go, about to go, on the point of going. See Hausa 
 Grammar, page 72. Example : I) a Fiddni suka gdni ha 
 zCisu sdmun nascira siika ce ha zdsu su yi fadii ha. When 
 the Fulah saw they were not going to have the victory 
 they said they were not going to fight. 
 
 Zdana, (pi. suaha)^ the same as sudna, the slough of a 
 snake. 
 
 Zdhantdka, n,, a selection. 
 
 Zahezahe, too fastidious. 
 
 Zdbezdhe, to be too fastidious. 
 
 Zahiy n., choice, preference. Na haki zdbi, I give you the 
 preference ; I leave it to your choice. 
 
 Zdhi and zdho, n., a plant like an aloe, with long teeth, 
 medicinally used in Kamuku. 
 
 Zahia (pi. sahiogi), n., a minstrel, musician. 
 
 Zahih (pi. zahibi, and iceii zahib), n., vine. 
 
 Zahlya, n., a variety of dates with deep-red fruit. A singing 
 woman. 
 
 Zahlya (pi. zabiyai), n., albino. Zahlya ne, m., zablya cj?, f, 
 
 Zahnri and mdzan Kaba, n., a brown thrush. 
 
 Zahftra (pi. zabunii), n., a psalm. 
 
( 175 ) 
 
 Zdhiira nnd sdbura, intr., to bounce, to jump. 
 
 Zahida, n., white muslin for turban with red edge. 
 
 Zaji, hot, heat. Ɗa zdji, to have or contain heat, as herhmo 
 
 da zdji, hot pepper. 
 Zdggu, n., a hand- dart for alligators. 
 Zdgozdf, n., a plant, the dried root of which is an active 
 
 purgative. 
 Zai=zd)ji=zdsi, neut., it will do; he is going to. Mi zdi su 
 
 aherglzi ha bdhu ha ? What is there to cause a man to leave 
 
 his house ? is it not because there is nothing in it ? Zdi = 
 
 zd^i cl, he was going to eat. 
 ZaUcu and zaitu, n., olive ; maizaita, olive-oil. 
 Zdkan ciJci, n., the tithe of the body. Alia si yi mdka zdkan 
 
 ciki ! May God grant you the tithe of the body ! i.e. 
 
 health of ; a prayer for farmers when they are ill. 
 ZaTcdra maisirdi, n., a rook with a red and dark mark on its 
 
 back. 
 Zdhuda, intr., to move a little, to give way, make room. 
 
 ZdhudCiwa, removing, moving a little. 
 ^aZa,'simple ; en fa idonhaya zdma zdlazaldla, n., a saddle-cloth. 
 Zalhu and tdsa, some kind of onion. 
 Zallantdha^ didnci, n., chastity. 
 Zdlumci, n., violence, calamity, aggression. 
 Zam, n., beetle. Zdnci nika ho zam da ha taflta ha, as to the 
 
 knowledge of grinding, not even a beetle surpasses her. 
 Zdma, n,, an old private name for hyena. 
 Zdma, to be, to have. Zdma duhdra yafi karifi, ha don duhdra 
 
 miituvi si sdida doki da rdkicmi, to be possessed of 
 
 sense is better than of power — if it were not for sense, a 
 
 man might buy a horse instead of a camel. Ɓa yi zdma 
 
 ydnzuha, (things then) were not as they are now ; or, that 
 
 is not the state of affairs now. Ka yi zdmdnka, show or 
 
 exhibit thyself ; take thine ease. 
 Zanidni, n., reign, time, period, administration. Zamdnin 
 
 Annahi Musa da Farainia. 
 Zamdrke, n., a leguminous species of plant which attracts locusts. 
 
( 176 ) 
 
 Zdmha, n., deception, cheating. 
 
 Zamhdce, tr. v., to deceive, to cheat, to injure. Kpwa ya 
 
 zamhaceni Alia ya rdma. 
 Zambdta, to deceive, to cheat, to take undue advantage of ouc ; 
 
 maizdmha pi. mcisu-, deceiver, defrauder. 
 Zdmbu, n., a sort of corn-pudding. 
 Zamhul, n., some kind of incense. 
 Zdna, anzdna (?) Ɓeri gani mdtum ya siga zdna Sina fpma, 
 
 bd si ha, never mind seeing a man vainly glorying of his 
 
 dress ; it is not he (but sin dwelling in him). 
 Zdrahai metir, 200,000 cowries. 
 Zarga, tr. v., to hook, to catch with a noose, or rope ; hence 
 
 Mazdrge, n., noose, rope, for catching men or animals. 
 Zdnce, saying. Zdnce nan did; ya gdma gari. 
 Zdti, n., substance, essence. Zdti Iko, majesty. 
 Zdto and Zeto, consist; tr., to think, to have a mind. Kadd 
 
 Jcu yi zdto hu ce, think not to say. 
 Zoude, n., to betray, expose what was concealed. 
 Zaiire, n., ddki angina a Tnastgin gidd, ho Tiofan gidd si ne 
 
 anawuce kdna azo Sihin gidd. J^n rdna ta yi mainya mutdne 
 
 suna tdru cikin zaure suna bdtu sunamn hiska wurin da 
 
 anakira zaure ke nan. 
 Zauren sdjiu, n., a cow-shed. 
 Zauruka pi. form, tribes. 
 Zauwai, n., some kind of fish. 
 
 Zdwa, coming. Masuzdwa, those that are yet coming. 
 Zawai pi., zawaie, n., a fish like a salmon. 
 Zawre, n., a cvib=zalore. (Bennett.) 
 Zdzahi, n., fever ; ague, masusurUy fever. 
 Zazagdwa, n., a ramrod. 
 Zazair, n., Algiers. 
 Zazala, v. tr., to tread down. Da karse ka zazala Saitan ga kal- 
 
 kaShi kafdfumu. 
 Zehlle, n., vine, raisin. 
 Zf'gizi'gi, n., the people of Zariya. 
 Zegzeg, n., a province. (Br., vol. iv. 122.) 
 
( 177 ) 
 
 Zetba, u., quicksilver. 
 
 Zekka, n. pr., of a town. 
 
 Zenne, n., a shawl thrown over the shoulders. 
 
 Zergi = hme, n., envy. 
 
 Zidra. See Jewdija. 
 
 Ziaza, maiziasa, n., one who visits. Zxdsa zunufe. 
 
 Zibhe, n., any tattooing with longitudinal lines. In the west 
 
 called Zuhe. 
 Zlr, n., nakedness. Muhim zir. 
 Zira, tr. v., to lower, let down. Nlzlrdri, n., spout on the 
 
 top of a house. 
 Zirdra, to lower into a pit. Mai-irdra (pi, masu-), one who 
 
 lowers. 
 Zirawa, n., lowering. 
 Zirafi, n., an article of petty trade or for quick selling, &c. ; 
 
 as needles. 
 Zirta=dirta, n., a. saw. 
 Zp, intr. v., to come ; zowa, coming. Ga si sina zowa, See him, 
 
 he is coming. 
 Zpbe, n., the ring of wood used as the upper hinge for a door. 
 Zoggu, n., harpoon used in river fishing. 
 Zpki, pr. n. of a male. 
 Z6kwa = zdJcua, in Kadzina coming. 
 Zprp, n., a tower. 
 Zowdri, n., ravening; kwurareke indsuzowdri, raveninty 
 
 \7o\ves =Zudri, n., covetousness ; lust. Ama zudrmsu 
 
 hai kdsa ha, Psalm Ixxviii. 80. (John.) 
 Zozan, name given to Zaria by the people of Kanu. 
 Zudga, to speak evil, curse, swear. 
 Zudge, tr., draw out, as mazi^ speak bad words, i.e. abusive 
 
 language. Anyi ondsu zudgeziidge. 
 Zudri gareka, You are covetous. Lusts. 
 Zuhabawdnsu na zlni, their drink-oflferings of blood. 
 Ziibabe gdmki, n., molton image (?). 
 Zuhda and Zuhde, tr. v.^ to unload ; to throw away ; sun zubda 
 
 A A 
 
( 178 ) 
 
 kdyn sun gudu, they threw away their loads and van 
 
 a,vfSbj. = 8ubde. 
 Zuhi, n., mould. Ziihdbe zuhdba (pi. suhdhu), moulded. 
 Zuho, tr. v., to pour down. Ya zubo garesu kundn fusinsa. He 
 
 cast down upon them the fierceness of his anger. 
 Zuga, n., coaxing. 
 Zilgu, n., a piece of native-made cloth ; burial-cloth. Cmi da 
 
 zugu, eat me with burial cloth = prepare to die when eat- 
 ing me (that is the name given to the fig-nut, i.e., nux 
 
 vomica). 
 Zuk/lrma babdn zunsu da he dauka rdkumi da kdydnsa, the 
 
 zukurma is a large bird, who can take up a camel with its 
 
 load. 
 Zulumi, to doubt, be in doubt. 
 Zuma, n., faintness ; zi zuma, to feel faint. 
 Zilma, n., honey. Zuma da dddigd halbagd, &c., beware of 
 
 the sting (?). 
 Zumajia (pi. zumejin, Ice). 
 Zu7ndkai^=gumdkui, n., an idol. 
 Zumu, n., relation, friend. 
 
 Zumuata, n., friendship, companionship, partnership. 
 Zicnde yin zunde, to laugh at, to derive. 
 Zunkurma, n., deformity from the projection of both spine 
 
 and sternum. 
 Zuntu=ddkiy a house, in Kanu. 
 
 Zurfdye, n., deep, depth. Rami na zurfdye^ a deep hole. 
 Zuru, yi zuru, to look steadfastly. 
 Ziisaga, tr. v., to shake. Ka zusaga mdganl, shake the 
 
 medicine. 
 Zi'iria, n., seed, posterity. 
 Zurma, n., caster-oil plant. 
 
 Zuwagoge, zuwagdgiya pi. zuwaqdgu, leaves stripped in large 
 numbers at a time. Mai (pi. mam-, zuwdga), one who 
 pulls leaves in large numbers. 
 Zucia=zutsia (pi. zutsii, zukdta and zflkgci), heart. 
 
( 179 ) 
 
 Zncia karkdcia, a froward heart ; zf/cui biu, double-hearted. 
 
 Doubtful. 
 Zyrma, a town between Kadzina and Sokoto. 
 
 z 
 
 Za=Ja, adj., red; za hurijl, literally, red iron, copper, brass. 
 
 Zdn rjiilhi, the Red Sea. 
 Zdha, n,, a black ass. 
 Zdha (pi. zdbdye), n,, a shrew-mouse, stinking mouse. 
 
 Bake gudna tdre da zaha, zuhasu a sddda ha su aiye 
 
 wdrmsa. 
 Zaha dmi, a large kind of hawk. 
 Zdhehi, (pi. form), vines. Ya gbdta zahihlnsu da kdfi- 
 
 kara, he destroyed their vines with hailstones. 
 Zdfe, tr. v., to rub off, to blot out. Ka zd,fe sundnsa hal dhadd 
 
 da dhadd. 
 Zagdna, cikin hauta ke nan; zdga, or ^dga, occurs but 
 
 once. It may be for siga, entrence, commencement of 
 
 slavery. 
 Zaggra na makdfo, a stick or cane by which a blind man 
 
 is led. 
 Zdgu, n., accouchement. Tana yin zdgu, maizdgu. 
 Zahimi, and lo I'da zahhni, n., hell. 
 Zdka ov jdka, tr. v., to draw, to pull, to molest. 
 Zakai, hisa tudu, n., plaiting of hair in tails ; one before, one 
 
 in the middle and one behind. 
 Zakiida, int., to move a little forward, to come nearer. 
 Zakui mdtd, n., a female donkey. 
 Zaktdar, zakuturi, zahdya, n., creeper. 
 Zdlwdmi, n., some kind of silk. 
 Zdma, u., state, condition ; estate. Zdman ainrc, state of 
 
 matrimony. Zdman dunia ; en ka yi nagari don kuiika, 
 f'u ka yi nidga don kd/'/ka. 
 Znmuna. (Kr.) 
 
( 180 ) 
 
 Zdnai, n., the gullet or carotid artery aloug the course of the 
 
 windpipe. 
 Zangunzu, n., a wild hog. 
 Zanydro, n., a tree with reddish-coloured bark ; also called 
 
 sdina kamdre. 
 Zdrizirri, n., a bad spirit clothed in monkey skins ; the patron 
 
 of Mcisuhori, said to eat dung. 
 Zardhe, tr. v., to tempt ; azardheH, he was tempted. 
 Zardhi, n., offence ; yi zardbi, to transgress. 
 Zati, n., Majesty. Zati na Alia, the Majesty of God. 
 Zilto, to think. Kadd ku yi zdto ku ce, think not to say. 
 
 Ɗa ina zdto en sdni wonaii, when I thought to 
 
 know this. 
 Zailna, i.q. zuya, to turn, to change, to alter. 
 Zayaki, n., fishing vulture. 
 Zdza, n., reddishuess, yellowish, brownish. 
 Zazdyp-y adj., red; zazdye'=aiye. 
 Zazebisa, n., vigil. 
 Zdzi, n., title of Madugu. 
 Zdzi, in Kanu, staining of thread. Ei'okka of Boruu, 
 
 where the leaves are used in chronic disease of the 
 
 inside. 
 Zema, n., grass four feet high, flower purple, seed like rye. 
 ZimJce, n., hair or beard only on the edge of the skin. 
 Zenta, intr., to be incapable of moving or speaking from 
 
 headache, catarrh or fever. 
 Zcra, n., procession, file, line. 
 Zergi, n., slander, reproach, revile. 
 Zewage sa, relieve him. 
 Zawdyi and zewoyi, to visit. Mutum da anzeivoye, the person 
 
 visited. 
 Zi, n., i*ed round ground-nut. 
 Ziara, tr., to visit, to punish ; i.q. Hara. 
 Zibi, n., abinciii rdna, meal ; zibin Ilia, u., supper. 
 Zibola, n., round ground-nut. 
 
( 181 ) 
 
 Zihurum or jib urum, pr. n. 
 
 Zikal, to be gracious, to deal graciously. 
 
 ZiJidya and zikanyaj n., granddaughter. 
 
 Zihi (pi. zihuna), n., body. 
 
 Ziho, n., a beam in the eye. 
 
 Zimma or zuma, n., moderate or fair quantity. 
 
 Zimimi, n., a pelican. 
 
 Zimrau, n., old private name for ass. 
 
 Zimuna, n. (Kr.) 
 
 Zinga, maUlnga, employer or employed. 
 
 Zingane, zinganiya (pi. zingdnu), pledged. 
 
 Zif'tgina, ya zihgina, it leans, inclines. 
 
 Zlnin Tcdferi, n., a kind of red bead. 
 
 Zinka, n., grace, mercy, compassion, sympathy, fellow-feeling 
 
 commiseration, condolence. 
 Z inzimdka, n., a bird larger than the hokaka, black and white 
 
 plumage. 
 Zirai (pi. form), gum. Ya deho zirai ya rufe izidta gtida, he 
 
 took some gum and covered one of his eyes. 
 Zlrda, n., thunder in the dry season, considered a bad omen, 
 
 as of the death of some great man. 
 Zlrigi, boat, canoe, but in Zamfai-a, the name of a water- tortoise. 
 Z irnaniya = gindria, cloud yielding a small shower. 
 ZtrOj n., a building of bricks plastered over with clay. 
 Zirta^dirta, n., a sow. 
 Zitau, pr. n. 
 Zihi, to agree. Ka zitii ga abokin gdbdnka, agree with thine 
 
 adversary. 
 Ztwaya, tr. v., visiting a farm. Rdkuma ya zdka zlwaya. 
 Zizi, n., a plant with an odorous tube. 
 Zlzia (pi. zlozi), z'lzia kimru, n., bowstring. 
 Zizifi, adv., early. 
 Zuhi. See Suhi. 
 Ztinahiu, to be pregnant. 
 Zuni, adj., blue. 
 
( 1«2 ) 
 
 ZunJca, tr. v., to take up anything by the hand. 
 
 Zurarmoa, n., lowering anything, as a man or a bucket, 
 
 into water. 
 Zfrya, that does not bear (mostly applying to cattle). 
 Z fiyamagdna, tr., to interpret. To turn to. Don nl zmja ga 
 
 hc'niu na ddma ho ga hauni. Ydnzu da ya zUya haha, 
 
 now as it turned out so. Ydnzu, n., ydnzu nga, this very 
 
 moment. 
 
( 183 ) 
 
 SENTENCES AND SHORT STORIES, 
 Contributed by the Rev. T. L. John. 
 
 Wonda ha si ciniJci, ha si da dahdra, en {ufa^ ya {ta^ sdmrsa, 
 ya {si) laldce. 
 
 Aihi sai ka daurefuska kdna ka yisi ; em ha daure fuska, ha 
 ka yisi ? 
 
 Ance ga ddm Basa : yause zdka yin arziki ? Ya ce, yause zdiii 
 yi? Yau sekdra uku uhdngizina ya miitu, ya her muni 
 zakdra. 
 
 Maddla da Sdriici da ya Itlsa rdina ; da ya hdlici rdina. Ma- 
 ddla da Sdriki da ya wonzu rdina. Ase onutum si kan yi 
 mafdlki hai kwdnta ha ? Alia si kankdnta makiyinka ! 
 
 Komi ka yi sai kana da ndha bdnza, ne. 
 
 Wnrinka ha si kwona gareni. 
 
 Ayi da kyau don gohe. 
 
 Da na sdn zdni dmre da han zdka dunia ha. 
 
 Mdganl na da mdganl mutua ? 
 
 Wdta mace mlzlnta ya yi mdta aiherin zdne, ta iskeni, tafadd 
 mdni : Na ce, Alia si sdsi yi mdki woni alheri. Da ta yi 
 id'ijikud na jl kuka : ase mizanta. Ya yi mdta aiherin 
 duka. 
 
 Ydro ya sdn enda anaforesa. 
 
 Muka ce herinsu akayi. Ba ta hdsPsu ha har ydnzii. 
 
 Ina jzn yuniva : doya ya nUna ? Kai, hai nilna ha, ydnzu, 
 {na) ahayi Jird. Na sd doya ddminka ? Ni kud, ni ci 
 dominki ? Mu yi cdddnsa. Kdza maiydya en da ya {ta) 
 soma fitd, ddmand ya kusa, en ya {ta) yi ydma ddmanct 
 ya zp. The mother of chickeBS, name of a constellation. 
 
 Ba ta ce- mdni mdrahd, ni ko han gaiscta ha ; Oa ran .cp 
 daidai ha ? 
 
( l-'^^ ) 
 
 Midum hai tone faddnka ha, JcOmifaddnka, lea tonesi? ' 
 
 Kdnda Alia yaka kai miUum si ^dya nana. 
 
 Wdnda ya rcna iydyPnsa, komi si ke, si laldce. Loma rjuda 
 
 ka ha mutum dunid, kwdna arham ka cui a Idhira. 
 Wonda ha si alheri a dunid, a Idhira ya siga tdlata, one who 
 
 sliows BO kindness in this world, in the world to come he 
 
 will enter into 3000 (condemnations). 
 En ka no garl mdstiwu^ia ka kana hdda soiia ka sd hdya. 
 Bdki kirin da si. 
 Bdld ya ci, iddnu ya yi kumid. 
 
 Akwia, ni ke wa fdhi da na sdto igia, don ta kizdma gidd. 
 Mugum hdki na ddkin dunia nan diika na tare da azunii. 
 Da hdka si ke, ha enda sdmu sake, had it been so, we should 
 
 not have found out how to change it. 
 Ka ce enayi mdkafadd ; Kai Annahi Mahama ne, ha ayi mdka 
 
 /add ? 
 l^n ka ce mutum zi zamna si yi kurki, ya ki, ha heri nn'i 
 
 akeyi ha? 
 
 Da dd f'w na cikinka, konii ka yi da si hdnza ne. 
 
 Miitiinen Kaji ha su da fdrinjlni ga miitdne. 
 
 Ba mu ne wc'dd mdsukdri. 
 
 Ba ni da wuri, ha ni da ido hid. 
 
 Ke da kin a zageni amhdki nifpro ne. 
 
 En kun ga mutum siru slru, ku nan amaisesi kamd maicl tuo 
 
 da hdgu. 
 Gazimdre, ko gazimdri ; enudn Alia, and Saitan, devil ; rn 
 
 kana da gazimdre, ha ka tdlauci, sdi ka yi nidsa tuo ; en 
 
 ka ghdta zucidnsa, si hadeka. Wonda si ke gazimdre ha si 
 
 yi tdlauci. 
 Sddakd duka sdi kicona arha'in su ke kai ga gahdn Vhdnglzi. 
 Tail uwdta suka daneta suka roka sdronta. 
 Mutum hai yi mdka komi ka gudgesi, ka dauki kdya maiydwa. 
 Ku rika kuna kdwo mdni kurdi da doya ; musulanci ha dagd 
 
 hdki si ke, si ke dagd zucid. 
 Awia ya (ta) burne ddki da ki ke rufe. 
 
( 180 ) 
 
 Alin atkl, (the tool) da ^l ha aike. 
 
 Ba si da Idjid masCiko ne, ya kdniasi. 
 
 GarhiJca anayenha kdza goma asd mnha gaha. 
 
 Komi rdsiii hahlialina vaflJia wdyo. 
 
 Kmva ya iji (undiii ya gd ivdyeiva. 
 
 Koiva ydnzu, ho kpivan kai ndsa H ke yi. 
 
 T>a kumi ni Ice tuna kiika nan da na ivd ind. 
 
 Anayi mdsa, harka. 
 
 Woli, bdwdn Alia Jidske int ttlsi dagd kdha.rJnsa. 
 
 Maikiirdi ha Si kan rdsa ahinci. Da kardlvka ka kwdna da 
 
 yunwa ? a wuri nan. 
 Ddwa ya gdgara ; ha azdncen ddwa ydnzu ha. 
 Woni mutum ya sa hardsa, wai, zdSi fdda Kworo, don si fdfi. 
 
 Aljuna mdza ; anarike&i anahdna-n : ya tdfi, ya fdda ; 
 
 ama mdza ya koma, woni hai rokf'si ha. 
 Kacindiva ho snfadd ha rdsin gdskia. 
 JJwdna kin gd ivdnan ahu ha kyaim gdni ? Ai ha ni ha hhxi da 
 
 dere ! 
 Akace en zo en yi mdta dfi, kd na. yi mdta Idifi. 
 
 U8ULIN ƁAREƁARI, L ARAB AW A NE. 
 
 Kuhimhardu sina noma a gona, sn Barehdri sun tarsdsa ; ya, 
 cfi kuna so minene Zdku ena ? 8uka ce, muna nema wpzen 
 zdma ! Ya ce, to! Ya dauka sdnda, ya zdga, ya keiooye kumd, 
 san ddka ; si ke nan, ya ce, kdka wftrin nan ya iseku ? 8uka 
 cCy ya isa. Ya ce, to. Od si nan, ku zdmna : kaddn kuii 
 zdmna rdnda kun clkasi, kd ha yaki ha komijaro ha yd cikiv, 
 kiid waja da kdnku, zdmdnin sdriki Galerima, si no Borno ya, 
 ivdce ; doh da ya zvfa ya dauka sdraida ya hd ddnsa. Da ya 
 hd ddnsa su waydnsa da kdnensa, suka gdmu suka ce : mumu- 
 na nan, ka, hd sdrauta ga dd)tka ; mu rusnna a gahdnsa ? Sika 
 ce, dd, s^i hasu ydrda ha. Si ke nan, sun gdma hdki da Faldui 
 snka zo sun yi ydki a gidd., 6i ne suhka wace. 
 
 i; B 
 
( 1«G ) 
 
 K6 ijnnzn ha taji Borno Alkoran na cikin soro arntdi/e. Anaiko 
 dagd Sokoto a tdfi aclauka, ya fdskara dauka, Akoi turl-in 
 dghi goma m hid na dzurfa da anadamre dohin sdreki da su cikin 
 fdda. Ɓaicln wo nan mdsiUdJia yanzu sun gd ahii Kalan- 
 mana a kofa na n gifan fdda — Azurfan da akarnana ciki — si na 
 nan har ydnzu. 
 
 Rdnda zdla yin dmre fnetin zamhar ankai nidto gudumua. 
 
 Banl ci mumuna koda ne ke gohro. 
 
 Maildo ha H gpde Alia sai rdnda ya ga makafo. Outafudu 
 ne ha si da mdganl. Nafdri, ance da mutum : wonan yafdye 
 gazera, ama ha adadd mdsa : ivonan gazerta culane garesa da 
 ha si da mdganl. 
 
 Nahiu : Hdllin miltiim. J^n sma niugun hdlli : hdlli nan 
 citta ne garesa da ha a mdsa mdganl, don, si sdke hdlli 
 
 Naiiku : Cuwon dzali, ko miitud. Ba sijin mdgani, ko anyi 
 mdganl, en ruhutu ne sundn Alia, sai maldikn su sd mia su 
 sdfesi. 
 
 Nafudu : {Hfo^ mutum ya yi pifa ha ayi mdsa mdganl si homo 
 ydro. Gama ^ufu cuta ne garesa. 
 
 Knji enda su ke, sufiidu ciita, da ha ayi mdsu mdganl. 
 
 Mutum ne ya dauko mdni rogo, ha dkivia ba. 
 
 ^n tdfi gona sdanda ni ke so ; en tdsi sdanda ni ke so ; ha 
 mai yi mdni htlsankdfo nan na hdnza. 
 
 Bdki ya sdn ahin da Hna fadi, ha si sdn ha kdnda zuaniai 
 mdsi. 
 
 Izdn ka sdmu ahit kadd kace motlnka ne ya hdka. 
 
 Kin sdn hdllina, klwiya gareni. 
 
 Sdada Alia ya Jiallta Annahi Adania, ya fidd kdsin liakar- 
 kdrlnsa guda ya cUse ya yi hallta ya nesdnta hallta nan, yai 
 nesdnta Adama kud. Sda nan hallta nan da ya yi, tazo tana 
 toHceiua. To ! Annahi Adama ya kirdyeia, ta zo. Annahi 
 Adama ya tdmhdyeta : Kdka silndnki ? [ma ismdki ?) Ta ce 
 isimi, sundta, Imuraata sundna, wonda akajitas dagd cikin wonij 
 ya koreto ; ta hdda bdya. Ya kirdta kumd, ta zp, ta tdya ; ya 
 ce, ma isrnihki ? Kaka stlndnkitake? Isimi, siinana. Anisaal 
 
( 1«7 ) 
 
 hairdti maimacewa alhdrai, ya /,'or<Ha kumd j ta tdjl. Ya hhiia 
 hirdnta kumd ; ta kpmo ta tdya. Ya ce, ma isminki ? Mi 
 sundnki ? Ta ce, Isimi, sundna Hawaii. Annahi Adama ya 
 davfareta. Usidin dmre ke nan; lidka ankakawodi cikin 
 Aweval. 
 
 Kunkuru ya son ddmhe hdhu hdnu. Rdna dak ddr$ dak 
 ka gani, ina siga ddzi ina da yunwa. 
 
 MiUum ya pdsi tillu, at sina ydga katanga. 
 
 Abu hai nawdya ha, mutam ^i nawdyesi. 
 
 En yafadi asirin ina fadi arba'in. 
 
 Komi daudan rua sina ludnke ficska. 
 
 Kdrumin aiki khvli/a si kan hcini. 
 
 Wonda ya miitu ya mutu ko, hai sdn abin da ka ke yi a 
 dunid ba. 
 
 Bdni goro na gdma nika. 
 
 Ina nan gdton ice. Diika hai base ha; dickagidra ne. Beri 
 gdni. ka yi mdni fdri, ka yi indni bdki, duka azesa. 
 
 Ya tdso mdni hup ! kamd wuta ya kdma huka. 
 
 Na sdmu itdce a kofan Uhanddwaki tdni. 
 
 Kina anasua, ina cewa ko kin kdrba kaddii. 
 
 Hdnkall na nmtum hiu ko kdka ya fl na mutum data. 
 
 Ku ke nan ku mdta ! kamdn kdza, ku cl ka goge hdki kclza ! 
 
 En mu duka muntdrumunyi rdwa asdmu mdsukdlo ? Zdnce 
 ke nan na Earkadoni, maikdfo daia, a description of tlie unicorn. 
 
 Giwakdraml si ke da maikdfo daia ; si da torimdnsa ya fi 
 na giiva ; si kan soka, si kan daukdka glwa da kdfo daia nan. 
 
 En ya dauka glwa sina tdjia har glwa si ndrke bisa (jiMnsa) 
 clnsa a rasa gdnlnsa : sdanan gdslnsa si fito, en ya yi kirzi. 
 Kdfpnsa guda daia na cikin ^d^akia kdnsa. En tdmdtdn ta 
 sdmu ciki, sekdra bokoi da sina cikin clkiiita ; En mareci ya 
 yi si kan fito da kdnsa si kan cl hdki, da dare si kan klwo. 
 Sina zdmma cikin ciki na uwdnsa kai dai (the head only) si 
 kan fito da si ia kan wlya sina cln hdki, sua da sekdra hekoi 
 yacl ka sdanan akehdifesi 
 
 En dei da rdi dciansd tamdha, asdmu. 
 
( 188 ) 
 
 Hdi nc aiiaj'dta ba dilJcla ba. 
 
 Malum ya sclha da ruan dumi ha, anutitUi clkuL iiialtiaiiiui 
 ban ndni dunia {duniia ?) blu ta ke. 
 
 Fadi enfadi, Arne na hdseha. 
 
 Bakvdn Alia ne. 
 
 Baka awnani ka gdni ? 
 
 Turban sdmu kofdtauci da kowa ya r'tke. 
 
 Koddin ya ha.ukdta ko ya yi rohgoma ? 
 
 Ka her gdni kare Sina kordn ktira ; kul anzima si a ndma. 
 
 Mdtum bid nan ba mil gdni wonda ya yi arziki ciklnsu : da 
 gobro da dan cdco. 
 
 Enkana cim bdure, kadd ka toni cikdn>sa. 
 
 Maid Mdlami, kin gdni ba ? Ni fa liar ydnzn ban m rigdii, 
 
 Anasdra a ctkina ba. 
 
 Wdta goma ia biu, alama, sekdra kc nan. 
 
 Nufawa na kird dunia yi.:e, obit inaizuyatva, doii dunid 
 na ziiyawa. Don a cikin dfmia mai dUkia yau na zama 
 tdhilca gohe. 
 
 Nayi, nayi, ua yi har na gdH {gdzi). 
 
 Ka gani ina zdmne h[:ra duk sun zSmoni taadi. 
 
 Komi kin bdtnu dusa ne, zindria na hdmiinki; Mama yal 
 Batitre. 
 
 Mdddla da damiisin maza da malhdhkalin girlma nazua 
 kiimdfa. 
 
 Anagdnlnku arene, kit kud kiina gani icuni arcne. 
 
 Ddkdre bdbu abin da garesa sai scuida. 
 
 Malialbi data data ne ya yi rnazakuta, ya zdma namizi, baba 
 maloroci kamd maJialbi j bd si so klbia si tdbasi. 
 
 Kfiwa ya zalumiyni ko zambaceni Alia ya rdma. 
 
 Alia si yi mdka zdkdn ciki ; wonanne zdkan ciki : dn kai 
 knma dami goma, ka Jlda data ka yi sddakd da si ; rn ka yi 
 chvo ka worke si ne zdkdnciki. 
 
 Koi ya yi ivdyo bere ddn cidko. 
 
 Baku da mutumci. 
 
 Yau babdn salla ne,saUan haiftidn. ha viui cccin diiitia duka- 
 
( 189 ) 
 
 Wuta mace tamiUn, Isa ya taScta j ya tomhayeta i he ! mi ya 
 liuieki ? ta ce, lilne ya IcaScni ; Isa ya ce, td tdsi, ta ce natdsl ; 
 da ta tasi ya ce mdta, mi ya sdmeki ? 
 
 Tace, uahi mlzina ne. Ya ce, to : en Ida hnna giddn mtzlnlci, 
 hi hOma dilnia, ki tdsi dagd Ldhira ; Ta ce, en donta koma giddn 
 mtzmta ne la muta, gouma ta homa Ldhira; Isa ya ce, to : 
 hwantdsta hwdnta. 
 
 Abin hardwo a hamdta si he, en ya mtho lidnu zdsi daiiha na 
 u'oni, sai ndsa sifddo. 
 
 Lahdri Mdllami Ydmusa (121). 
 
 Woni ALdllami si Liman Ydmusa, ya yi hird mutane ya c;?, 
 hwdnahi ya yi, ya tdsi zdsi Gahaz. Bay a tdsi ya tdra miitdne 
 nan yahai Gadai. Sdanan sdnhin Kano ya yi mdsa mdnzo, 
 ya cf, ya zo anafuza da ya samu. Ya tdda mutdne, ya ce 
 hwdnahi ga yi. Can gahaz ha ta mo^a ha ydma ha tamo^a ha 
 hahasiya ce hwanahe ya yi (?). Mu ho nan ha mu da iko, sai 
 aMii da sunha mo^a de mujl. Ya ! akayi hirdnsa ya hi zila. 
 Monzpnah uhu hae zo ha. Da nan a hdsa sdrihin Gaiya gahaz 
 da hirnin Kano si ya ce ya ciosi ahahdwosi Birni Kano damd- 
 tane, dajdhi, da sdnu da taJcarhdri, da alasafta ha sai zamiar 
 hdmsin. Sdr/hi Kano ya ce da si : ha yi humia, da ka tasi 
 tdda diinid ? Ɗimid ha ta tdsi ha. Ya hdmasi ya aihewa sdri- 
 hin Muzulmi da si. Ba ahaisi sdrihin Musuhni ya ce mdsa : hui 
 Mdllam Yamusa, ena ha sdmufiiza da zdha tdda dilnia, ha mu 
 sdmu lahdri ha. ? Yace, Mutdne'n Tiire sunzo da sdrthin Musul- 
 min Ydma hasu ce muna hOmimu hud muna da lahdrin Ydma 
 da gahaz. Ba ni hdseha, na herka ga Alia, saida sdsdha ddhnu 
 dufa. Ya sdse ddkin dufii, sina cihin ydnzu hdha. Dagd 
 Mallam Saledma. 
 
 Na rigidyi na yi ghdna gama (amd .'') ('nna zn na leha 
 sai si tofu. 
 
 Gidra huzwa da tumzere. 
 
 Alia ha si yi naniugu sai ndgari. 
 
 Ai hdria ha ta yi dia, sai ta yi fare. 
 
 Ni niaisua da rila halv na samu mai ? 
 
( lyo ) 
 
 Em hiri ya yi yhdna 6-i kan (judu dagd gona. 
 
 Ka mutu dei, lea midu Ice nan. 
 
 Yau alzlma tokos da wdta, taurdri nakudu kwdnakin kwdnakl 
 he nan en taurdri tun zo kudu. 
 
 Si da uwdnsa sasai sumhi : ya hi nhdusa, he resembles 
 his father. Yau Alzivia ya mictu ha si da alhdki, one who dies 
 on a Friday has no sin = dies happy. 
 
 Mdllainin Nandra su ne ke ydkin gdskia ydkin Ebilis. 
 
 TYPICAL STORIES. 
 
 Annahi Musa ya ce, mu zo mu keivoye rfiaii Ilural Maliudu 
 mil gdni sdhon dbin, da Alia ya aikgdaH, mu gdmi. Siika zo 
 suka iska tunkia tana gusunrdkumi tana son nonon rdkuioi nan 
 ta sa, rdkumi ya hdna ; Ita ko hata heri ta tdji ta nemi cid 
 iva la ci {ha) tana kodain nono ta sa na rdkumi^ rdkumi kiid 
 yohdna; ita ko ha ta heri ta tdji ta nemi cidwa ha, liar yf/nwa 
 ta kdsesi ta mutu. 
 
 Baicin wonan akaivuce akaiske rdkumi sina gusun 
 tumkia sina sa nonon tumkia, ya yi Idha. Akace 16 ! Ddn 
 tumkia nan gdsun rdkumi tana kodain nono rdkumi ta sd. 
 Minene wonan da Alia ya kdwo Anndhi Musa ? Tum- 
 kia nako nan sa 7ipnon rdkumi rdkumi ya hdnata liar ytinwa 
 ta kaseta ! Akace Maidilkia na cdliiral zdmani ivonda tdlka 
 <tzdsi her aikdnsa na tdlaJca ya zo ya zdmna ddzi, don koda 
 in dilkia nan su, ko ha zdsu ha si ha har yumva ta kdse si da 
 fdlduci si mutu. Si ne mafdrin ddh tumkia ya je gusun na 
 rdkumi si sakud kodain nono rdkumi rdkumi ya lidnasi liar ya 
 miitu. Anndhi ! Musa ya ce, I. Ya ce to f Wonan rdkmi da ya sa 
 nonon tumkia ya yi kiba fa ? si ko me nan ? Akace sdrdki ne 
 zdayi na ddhiral zdmani {zdmani na kdrse ; ahin tdlaka 
 kankand da si kerenasisizdsi kwdce, su gdnna da ndsu maiydwa. 
 Da ndsu maiydwa. Ase si kc iiaii mafdrni rdkumi si zo gusun 
 tumkia si sa nnndnso ? 
 
( 191 ) 
 
 TRANSLATION. 
 
 Moses, the prophet, said one day, " Let us go around the river 
 Hural Mahubu, and see what new or strange things God has 
 sent down (ordained) for us to see/' They came and met a 
 sheep under a camel longing for the camel's milk to drink, but 
 the camel refused it. It did not leave off to go and seek for 
 grass to eat. It was still longing for the camel's milk, and still 
 the camel refused it ; still it did not leave off and go away to 
 seek grass, and so it died of hunger. 
 
 After this they proceeded and saw a camel under a sheep : it 
 drank of the sheep's milk and got fat of it. They said, 
 " Now the lamb that was underneath the camel desiring to drink 
 of the camel's milk, what is the meaning of this which God 
 has sent us. Prophet Moses ? Here is a sheep striving to drink 
 of the milk of the camel, and the camel refused it, till it died 
 of hunger ? They said, " It is a rich man of the last days, with 
 whom the poor man, leaving his poor man's toil, will come to 
 slay on account of cupidity or lusting after his riches ; but 
 he (the rich man) will never give him anything until he 
 perishes with hunger and he dies in his poverty. It is an 
 intimation of this we have in the lamb going under a camel to 
 drink of its milk, and the camel refused it ; and so it died, Pro- 
 phet, is it not?" Moses said, ''Yes." He said, "Well, this other 
 fact of the camel which drank the sheep's milk and got fat 
 on it ? What is the interpretation of it ? It was said ; There 
 will be the kings of the last days who will seize upon what 
 belongs to a poor man, which he (the poor man) was despisino-^ 
 and add it to their own which is abundant, thus making him to 
 feel their power (sovereignty); they will seize upon his (the poor 
 man's) own, which is plentiful. 0, I see, this is the reason 
 why a camel should come under a sheep and drink of its milk, 
 is it not ? " 
 
( 11)2 ) 
 
 Mtitiim ya ilaiilci tdzahinsa, i/ajliirjona ya sa baruKa. 
 
 Kadil hi ^anancemii fa ; hdmu lafia m.u kudmu hdki hljUi. 
 
 Mutum, yn jl humidnku (respect) ba kuji kfimidn im'Uuni ? 
 
 Miitum ya wa na woni rnvgiinta, aindsi ne ya iva. 
 
 Ai em baka da bdwa, ka sdmi, ddn dikinka ka kdre sdniii m 
 
 hdwa. 
 
 A I tdlauci yafi gdzia zdji. 
 
 Alia ba si cim bdsi, amd luliDii safe yina liidm JnlM. 
 Aidakawa ne anayi knico, ya ce baii dtlka ai bukatdnsa ba Si 
 
 hiaba ? 
 
 Wdna, bani cimike, en kana kewoyowa ka zo mn yi inaydna. 
 
 En kana clnluo, en ivoni ya ce loane salka ber cintFio nan, ko 
 ka mlka ga ivoni. 
 
 Wdsa ivdsa abu ya zdnia jihkiri. 
 
 Ta ha'ifi ydya bin kyanwdwa. 
 
 Mdllam zdka ko, are you, or is that, or must you, go ? 
 
 Ankwdce sdbiia kwui ; Gobe kusa ta cc, yi ya fl cewa ga 
 lidnudna. 
 
 Ba da wurin ydda kivoi. 
 
 Masoyi abokin zdma, ^nnkdyi abokin gabd. 
 
 Bdkinda ya ce si gpde, em bai gode ba bdkinwitfa ya fi.^!. 
 
 Kurdi ba su so tdlakd ; en ya yi gabdz, sn yi ydma : ni ya 
 yi kilda, su yi drawa ; 
 
 Tdlakd bai si dddi ba. 
 
 Abin bardo a hamdta si ke ; en ya mika hdnu, zdsi dauka na 
 ivoni, sai ndsa si f ado. Ya dmsa umorni. 
 
 Wane ! ba ni ci mika en kana kewoyowa. Ka zo mu yi 
 magdna. 
 
 Amd wcnda ya sdci tafamuata, ban yirda ba dagd dFmia 
 h(ir Idhira. 
 
 Mdsususun tdfi. 
 
 Sola : Maigari ya gaiseku hahd da ydro. Bdydn gaisud kiid 
 ya ce : Bdwa ya fita giddn Bat/Ire, ba agdnsi ba ; hhva ya 
 kuwosi abdsi bdrdsa, akfdti biar. 
 
 Abin da ke cirowo kdsa diik ya clro. 
 
( is'i ) 
 
 Kaiid Jci {andncevfiu fa : hd mu Idfia, mil lend viu hdJci Idfia. 
 
 Mutum, yajl kumidnhu, ha kuji humidn Mutum ? 
 
 Ba azila buJci da walki sai da rlga maikyau. 
 
 Mdtumen dilnia da Tea yirda da si, walalii, ahin (oro ne. 
 
 Ai gini hai yi zurji ha. 
 
 WoJiaii ddnfdrhan gumagume da suha sclro. 
 
 Ahu na girtma da anzdhi si zdma na kdnhanie? 
 
 Komi ha sdha ma ydro si zdsiyi. 
 
 Koraka ndka ya iviice gabd da koma. 
 
 Mdza maza ! ka kird mani Mdllami, si yenra akwia nan da 
 akahugu; mfigunta ne tunka yi vidni. 
 
 Kurcia tdrko ya kumasi maimdtd hid ; 'nidtd daia ya ce 
 mdsa : ipupupu kamd namizi : daia, klziata ta ce : kwdnta 
 slru, kdna ka mutu {kwdnta slrii kamdka rautu) ya kwdnta 
 kawdi kumd niatdde : Sine ydro da ya sd tdrko da zudnsa ya 
 ce : Ay a/ gd tdrkona, ya kdma kurcia liar ya inutu. Ya sd 
 hdnH ya kdmasi, Una rike dasi ahdru ; ya ce, Ay a, y a mutu ! 
 
 Si kud ya yifirip ya tdsi ya sami kanitdce ya zdmna kumd 
 sina cewa : mdtd hid da dddi su ke ; 'indtd hid da dddi sa ke. 
 
 TRANSLATION. 
 
 A pigeon which had two mates was caught in a trap ; one of 
 them said to it '^ Make pupupu (with your wings) like a man ; " 
 the other, the second wife or mate said, " Lie still as if you were 
 dead, lie still as if you were dead/' He lay still as a dead 
 bird. Therefore the boy who set the trap on his arrival said, 
 " O see, my trap has caught a pigeon, it is dead.'^ He took 
 hold of it and loosened it and held it in his hands, he said, ^'0 it 
 is dead ; " but the bird made {sirup) a sudden effort and flew 
 away and got upon a tree again and was saying, '' How 
 good it is to have two wives, how good it is to have two 
 wives \" 
 
 Na yi maki kunkum. 
 
 Ldli ya so husetvo aki ga masaya ke nan. 
 
 Mdtd maigari domi anabdta girlma ? Ai girima maigari ne. 
 Ba ^arareki muke ha ? 
 
 c c 
 
{ 194 ) 
 
 Mallam ya so r(nva,y(t ce : wahdla wahaldtu ; hJwa U ce 
 vmhaldnsa. 
 
 TiUi, ki tdjl ahiuki Tcadd ha hen zucidta ta tunsura. 
 Sikurum magdna ne {ce), silence itself is speech. 
 
 Ɓame. Kana hause mai ahin sayeswa : enyatdfo da ahmsa 
 na sayeswa ; izan na alfcn ne, H ce arha ; izan na duhu ne, si 
 cealjin, don maisdye si sdya da cddo. Ɓame. Sduda en Icana 
 saida ahii ka tokara ka yi kdrfi, en na kdwo na yi kdr/fi, kai 
 Ixud ka yi kdr/fi. 
 
 Alia wade zdma da mdraswdyo. 
 Bai sanifusi ha, hai san yazi ha. 
 
 Komi na duni maikdrewa ne ; girhna da drziki hai kdreba. 
 Na yi maki songomen metin dagd talata, I take 200 less than 
 3000 from you. 
 
 Ke maiddynrin kdza ha zdki hdta ahinci ha? Ona vi vnce Maso 
 ni da kaina ina da ahinci ? haldyitana kdza. 
 Alia wade ha ta kpmi da hiri. 
 
 Igioyi mugu. Ka rlke woni da mugunta a zucidnka, en ka 
 hersi ka yi mdsa gdfera, ka kicnce igia micgunta ke nan. If you 
 bear malice in your heart against any one, and you forgive him, 
 you thus unloose the bands of wickedness. 
 
 Guzurin dUnia si ne na lahira ; the provision of this world 
 is the same for the next. What you lay up on earth you will 
 have in heaven. Ita ta guzuri na dunia niaikyau, en kana so, 
 ahin U yi mdka kyau zdman dUnia, en ka yi ndgarl don kdiika, 
 en ka yi mugu don kdnka. Mafalki kdria ne en gari ya wdye. 
 Amd dunia hajiyeya ? 
 
 Tuhana MuzUrn : Kdzana hdkinsada hai sako ha, ya ce, ina 
 tuha. Ku heri tHhan Muzuru Kdza na hdki hai sake ankdmasi, 
 ya ^e, na tvha, ha ni kcira gghe. 
 
 K6 ka yifadd da midum kadd ka rikesiazUdi. Namizin cio 
 wonda hisoyi ke cinyasansa kamd kpakpa Atdgara. 
 
 Dazal, maiido daia. Maikodai sina hdsi. Duklnsaen ya yi 
 kosi sai akdra da mdsa da gurdsa {Hna ce). 
 
 Fisdrlnsa sai zlnnua da mddaro ; wonda ya hdsi kud, don 
 kodai ya ghdta, saiwfita. 
 
( li^5 ) 
 
 Ah in da ya r'ujiaiji ya Hga hdklnka iia ndJca. 
 
 Kowa ya ci kdza si ne da ita. 
 
 Ba ha jl mahdfi suna bdsa siina cewa : sai all Maliama, 
 ama si ha si hi woni ha. 
 
 Rigun Ayhahpa do ^ufa, amd olzifinsa da sdho. 
 
 Alia ivdde rdsin iya rua. 
 
 AbpJcin lalatdde, lalatdce. 
 
 Massu hamdn noma! ddmcma ya fddi; galma si homa 
 kota. 
 
 Zinder {finder) sina a hdkin rua kusa, da Sa'i, Bahon gari 
 ne, sdnkmsa Amira. 
 
 Halan sdriklnsa duka ; hauri kamdn kdsa, ddwakai, sdnu 
 da tUmakai, Aladi na yi sdbon ddki, sdbon cincia, sdhon mucia : 
 sai sdbon mdtd. En ka yi sdhon ddki ; sdhon din<^ia sdhon 
 mucia, ka hidi sdhon vidtd. Na ce hidi sdho mdta ? Bldi kiirdi ! 
 Kilrdi ne sdho Tndta, kai dei komi ka hdnkure, ka ga hdydnka, en 
 ka yi fdrka da mace kdna ka yi am,renta, en kun haiji ydya 
 ddri uku duka segu ne. 
 
 Ahin da ya gigiceni. 
 Kamdn tdsi en ^unika mdtta mdri. 
 
 Gdskia ne, Benu ya hausi ? ceiua ni ke Una yln had. 
 
 Dd ka komo dag a ddzi ka kwdnta ? ko; ka yi herci kaddn ne. 
 
 Dd na sdn zdni dmre, dd ban zdka dUnia ha. 
 
 Ni, zdka ce, ni na ackeka ; ka ce, na ce, si Arme ne. 
 
 Kpwa ya yi aikin Nasdra ya sdyi hdwa, kada ka tdmhdyi 
 gatdri da ya kdriye hdki, wliosoever does the Anasara work 
 till he buys a slave, does not ask for the axe with a broken edge 
 (he is one, he is broken up). 
 
 Zufurma, hahdn zunsu da ke dauka rdkume da kaydnsa. 
 
 Jiri (dzirl) maikdfo data ziinsu ne. En ya so ya dauka giwa 
 sai si tdji da si. 
 
 Bardwon doki da bardwon bdwa hainyansti daia, i.e. in guilt 
 was punishment. 
 
 Woiida ya tdfi hdzi, mi zdsi yi da dukia ? 
 
 Kiliva bai kdreioa, gudumud ba si kdrewa. 
 
 Kinzo nan ? Wanene kina gpye da H ? 
 
( H)G ) 
 
 Da Mda Im zo lea sa rf/a, da <}nda ha lea sd rua duk na sdni. 
 
 Don kadd Mdsi si siga musu. 
 
 Ɓeri de acdluma. Rdnan-Gohc hi ardma. 
 
 Zua da hai, ya ji sdho, said the hen, on her chicken being 
 taken by the kite. 
 
 Anuri na Bdwan Alia, woli, Bdwan Alia, hasJcena tdH dagd 
 Jcaharinsa, da hyau ne anuri. 
 
 Maidareza si ne wonda ya clJcafuska. 
 
 Maihurdi ha si lean rasa abincij hdnda gari nga ; da Imrdinka 
 ka kwdna da ydnwa. 
 
 Kiid hdki, mud ydn gidd. 
 
 Cikin doya hukoi da na sayi, ko hia han yi ha, sun zo, sun 
 zdce{sade) maikyad. Yause zilcia mutum ka kwunta ivilri nan 
 kidum sdta / 
 
 3Iaimdce data ahokin gohro ne. 
 
 Uwdna ! kin gd wonan ahu, ha kydun gdnl ? At ba ni herci 
 da defe. 
 
 Komi ydnda ka r/lfe kofa, akwia nan sal ta hilde. 
 
 Bdyin Kano aiikula da su ? 
 
 Anmdyes wozen gahas. 
 
 Kpfan Alia da ydiva garesa. 
 
 Ɓeri, sai zakdrana yakefikese; zakdrana koi. 8ai zakdrana 
 ya kenkese na hake. 
 
 The clock. Si^ia cikin ddki sina mo^i da kdnsi ; en yaso ya 
 huga kdnsi ; kana azp a huga wdngo. 
 
 Ba ka jl akace kunkuru na son ddmhc hdhu hdnu. 
 
 Wane irin miUum ke ga ? si ha Guari ba, ha Arneha, sina 
 magana hdrka^ai ha dddi ha komi. 
 
 Rokdken rua na ddfa wake ? 
 
 Kin sdni ha ni ivdsa da si. 
 
 Komi daudau rua Sina wanke fics/ca. 
 
 Wonda ya miihi, ya mutu ko, hai sdn ahin da ka ke yi a 
 dunia ha. 
 
 Alheri ha giddn kwdnta ha 
 
 Bdni goro na gdma nlka. 
 
 Yau bani yin wdkam bonza-, wdkam Alia zdni yi 00. 
 
( 107 ) 
 
 Na ga hud wota md^e da gpme liar ga sdze. 
 
 DaiiJca wuya bai sdn gari da nesa ha, a person carried round 
 tlie neck does not know that the town is at a distance. The 
 sense is not clear. What is meant by " carried round the 
 neck ? '^ I suppose, it means, "a person that is carried on the 
 shoulders of others does not feel the fatigue of one travelling 
 on foot, and does not know what distance he is travelling." 
 
 Mahdfo bai sdn rdna da dddi (ha) ; da mardt/a bai san uwd 
 da dddi ; bai san ubd da dddi. 
 
 THE SONG OF THE SLAVE GIRL WHILE GRINDING CORN, 
 
 DauJca ivuya baisan garl da nesaha. 
 Mahfifo bai sail rdni da dddi ba. 
 Mardya bai uwa da dddi 
 Bai san ubd da dddi : Akoi Alia ! 
 
 Diinia {beri, not sure) gdni'inanihcL renasi ? ba ha sdnhdnda 
 Alia ya yisi ba. 
 
 Beri gdni ha yi mdni fdri, ha yi mdni bdhi duh suna dze ! 
 
 Kundinsa yafl tdlatawa hamamia, 3500 cowries. 
 
 Futawan zdhi da hdya a ha. 
 
 Ydn gariirua duh anldsesu. 
 
 Aajiseha cilin dangi. 
 
 Cinihi goma mdganin berci rdna. 
 
 Dodo, mahl viutdne ! 
 
 Kadd ha ma^e wfiri nan. 
 
 Ban sdmu abohin tdjia ba. 
 
 Na yi mdhi hunhuru, I play the tortoise with you^ i. e. I 
 hide myself, because I do not want to see you. 
 
 K6 ha yifadd da mittmn hadd ha rihesi a zficia. 
 
 Bahi zdmna hdwai ? han hanuanhi, da he. Canst thou not 
 sit quiet, little thing as thou art ? 
 
 SegantdJta da ydran Lohoja na yi ! 
 
 HdJ'a zdmu kan harserva humd. 
 
 Mu da muha sanfdri da mukasan bdhi. 
 
( 108 ) 
 
 Garin mi kin damrere wuyaki da igia ? 
 
 Don dei 6(l(jumi. 
 
 Mututn ya yi mla H rasa set gisiri ? Ga gisiri luari wfiri ; 
 that is, as salt may be had for a cowrie. 
 
 Ba ni din tuo nan, mla ha dcldi. 
 
 En ha bd malum si kdre ; en ko hdka ha, si kdre. 
 
 Ni ha ydhankai — en ddne yuriwana em hdituo. 
 
 Ydho mutum iddnunsa, zudgi ne. 
 
 Ahin da ni kesi ga cikin dUnia en na alhcr'i da si Alia (ne) 
 ya rdhi ne da si. 
 
 Ba kamd kdn da ha ka da moria. 
 
 En mutum ya hdka ahu kai ma ka tuna dasi da wota 
 rdna. 
 
 Ydnzu ha ni da alheri, roica gareni. 
 
 Ydnuwanta suka daneta suka r'lka sdranta. 
 
 Ka jl {dzi) 7ndsukirdnki ? Ka cindwa ne, ha su wdsa da 
 coy a. 
 
 Kin jl iconan gdtanci ! ha ta yin magdnasa ita cc ta hd 
 mutum kdsi. 
 
 Koioa ya gdni kdnda Alia ya bd, kdda zdne. 
 
 Ke, Ahdnza ! Kadd ki ^ananceniu fa ; bdmu Idjia, miikud 
 viu hdki Idfia. 
 
 Milium ya jl kiimidnku, ha kit jl k/'imian miltum ? 
 
 Letter eeceived from Mr. Uriah H. Bennet, 16th Jan. 1886, 
 in his own orthography. 
 
 Kassan Hamarua, goma sa hiu da icata, 
 
 Ribicillawal, 1885. 
 Mulam Sugaba, 
 
 Yi mani gafera da gigiioana da na kaivo gareka da na rubutu 
 maka wonda watsika da Howsa, ha don gigixoa ta resin kumia 
 ba, na ruhutasi, don ka gdni dia tsikin masuyaiva wodanda 
 sunka anfani da aiyuka da ka yi, ba ni kadai ha, akoi wonda 
 su ko fini ia ruhuta Hoivsa tsikin tsikin iconda suka koya ga 
 letatdflnka, don ka sani kayansu aikhika na a/'ifanenui masu- 
 hakin fata, gainma domi maka yi aiyukan gii masuyaica. Ko 
 
( lf»9 ) 
 
 yatizu wodansu yayan Haivsmcawo danda ha'ifuntudan ico- 
 danda suna yi aikltare damusun gnni suna saida tsaJcanin adini 
 tsa thristi da Mahamadia, su don halsu, su saidamu ydnamu 
 diaUe, bahahdcia haleu zalamtst, hahu renserense ne hdnza. Su 
 kud, iconda su ke a Lohoja suna gdnni enda adini da waazu mil 
 su ke, gamma (kdma) da daunri (wiin) eninu tt'e masu adlnimn 
 na ktvaria (koria) ni (ne). Komi kiin gaii mufatake munnayi 
 wodansu san bardsasu ke harsu yi makamsu pallassa, wodansu 
 na yin karia, don su sdmu riha, wodansu na zena {zi7ia) adini, 
 mu ya haramtasi, sukan tie mani, ai Mailamainku ivodanda na 
 yin icasane wota saa zentse su si kan zavia ha karia ha, amna 
 yanzu ha haka ha, Uin da leta tafainka hiu {Gramaca and 
 Dictionary) na Hawsa, sunka zaka Lokoja hanna sekara goma 
 tun sai nan masuzakna hissa nan na sako ya Hawsa, kowana 
 sayensu, ko yanzu sun kare annema a Lokaj'a anraka ha mu, 
 ha ddi ha har Turawa mdsufdrifdtu sunu so. Godia hisa 
 godia sdba dd Letafi Annahe Tesaias, da ka aike mdni ; 
 ya siga hanuna ga ranan Lahadi hiar da wdta Rahie 
 illawal 13tli Dec. 1885. Na sameta a Low toikin kassan 
 Hamarua hissa kaddn da enda Sirigi ta tsdya. 8ekanan da 
 iirigi da fara hawd kogiii Benue 1884, na zdka dagd Yola 
 Ina da Nufi koma gohe, en Alia sa so. Akoi wodansu Hoivsa- 
 wa nan, fatakena karanta mdsu tsikin Annahantsi Yesaias 
 kai nafari, amma woni wiri ha su ganesi daiddi ha sai da na 
 niusdya masu Howsa sahada wonan na ruhutasi ; gasi tatare 
 da wotsika nga, don ka gdni ko ha daidai ha na yi serari. 
 
 Letafi na Yesaya Anahi, 
 Kai Nafare. 
 
 1. Goduata Yesaya, ddn Amos wonda ya gdni, Sahada Yuda 
 
 da Agudusa ga kwanakin TJsia, Yothan, Ahas, Yesi- 
 kia sardkunan Yuda. 
 
 2. Ku dzi Aldzana : 
 Ɓada kunenki, ke dunia, 
 Don Ohangisi yafadd : 
 
 Yaya da na goya na yi kiwonsu, 
 
 Da sunka kawo kaafi sun yi mani tavai. 
 
( 200 ) 
 
 3. Jiisinii ya saiii mai [si) ita. 
 
 Dan mki ya sani zaiore Obanguisa, 
 
 Amnia Israelii ha si liula ha ; 
 
 Mutane na bu (ha) su yi tuiiane ha. 
 \. Tri masHzunuJl mutdre lahtSe da kieta 
 
 Sunka yi heri da Obaiujifi, 
 
 Sun rena macidtnin Israelu. 
 5. Domi zdaJcomi huyunlcu, zdkit kura yin tawai, 
 
 Kai duka da Uiwo, zuUia ta karia. 
 G. Dagd toffin sau har kokolluan kai babti Idfia. 
 
 Sai rauni, da taho da givuHn {gwadln) dalnya 
 
 Ba ayi farsaha ha adarmesu, 
 
 Ba akotarfo masu mai ha. 
 
 7. Kasanka ta lalatso, 
 Biranenku gohara ya Ulsv, 
 Karkaranlcu haki sun Uisu gaha gareku. 
 Ya zdma kango kamada anzirkiUe da haki. 
 
 8. Ɗa diata Zion tata zdma kamada hukaUin bsofongona. 
 Kaman zango tsikin gonan kankana. 
 
 Kaman htrni da yaki ya tsare. 
 
 9. 8ai Obangisi ya rego m,anu iri 
 Mun kussa mu zdma kamada Sodom 
 Da mu zdma kamada Gomora. 
 
 10. l^u dzi magana Ohangisi, Sarakai Sodom 
 Bada kunenku ga dokan Allamu, ku na Gomora. 
 
 1 1 . Ohangisi ya /add : Woni anfani yawan sa dakan ku si 
 
 ke gareni ? 
 Na kosi da saddkan raguna, 
 Da klse kiayaytm maruka. 
 Ni ban kula da sini hisimai da yayan tumaki da hun- 
 
 surai ; 
 
 12. Sda da kunka zaka ga.reue 
 
 Wa ya nema ahuhua nan gareku ku tdka farfadana da su? 
 
 13. Kada ku kara yi mani tuwon sadaka ta hanza. 
 Turarenka sun zdma ahin tsore gareni. 
 
f -201 ) 
 
 14. Da tsiaiudu wota (ivata) da aUiinaa dahiaawan sallanku. 
 Su gasiHeni ha ni no. 
 
 15. Sua da kunka tada kahnra, 
 Ni mija niaka baya, 
 
 Komi yawan sallankn, mi ni lose kunena, 
 Don kuna da Daioda hanunku da sini. 
 10. Ku yi alwallanku, ku gerta kanku. 
 An heri yi aiyakauku na chilis, 
 Ku dena yin aiki miagu. 
 
 17. Ku koya aiki nagari, ku hi stria. 
 
 Timake ivodanda ankatiUassa, ku ɓ'i kakan marajee, 
 Ku tsaya baya ga makassari ; 
 
 18. Ku zo yanzu mu zuba da mu da ku, Ohangisi ya tie. 
 Koda zunujiiika sun yi sa kamaii vifilufi 
 
 Su kjmo ferifat kamada nono. 
 
 19. Em ha ku kl ha, ka ku koma yin tawai ha. 
 Ku atsi alberkan kassanku 
 
 20. Amma em ha ku n magana, kunka koma yin tauxii 
 Zdasafekii da tokuba 
 
 Gama bakin Ohangisi tse ta fadesi. 
 
 21. Kaka birni mihicata zdma kama kwua 
 Da adlni ta zdma na tsikinta 
 Amma yanzu sa masukasin kai. 
 
 22. Azurufanku ya zdma koin makera 
 Kaniaranku angariwayeii de rua. 
 
 23. Yau sarakaiku sun yi tawai 
 Su ne matimakin harayi 
 Kowa na karba tosi 
 
 Ba su kula da marayu ha 
 Kukan makasari ha ta sigga kunensu ba : 
 21. Do7i abubua nan Ohangisi Mai ikae najamua 
 
 Maikarji, mai taimakin Jamia Israelu yafadi ya tse: 
 Ni kan, zdniftitasie zufsiata ga mugatia maJiaxadaniL, 
 Zdni yi ramuan ga makiina. 
 
( 20,2 ) 
 
 25. Ni iniko h annua ta '/.o a garcsn, 
 
 Ni wenlxe mnJno daivdanlcu sa/p 
 
 Ni kaivasda karafanku duka. 
 20. Ni maida alkalainku kamada da/ate 
 
 Da fadawanku kamada mafari 
 
 Bya (baya) ga wodanan zdkiranki Birni adlni 
 
 Birni alkaivalli. 
 
 27. Zion zdafanreta da seria, 
 
 Da masutuhanta (or masuluha) ga adlni 
 
 28. Amma safewon masula'ifi da masuiunuji ta tareni 
 Wodanda sunka ki Obangisi zd akonese. 
 
 29. Za akumi dtasu, sahada itaiua [gwinki) tsafida su ke so 
 
 8n yi damua sahada werin [wuren) tsafi da sunka sare. 
 
 30. Zd ku zdma na kamada itse Loko icon da gamy eta sun 
 
 zuha, 
 Da komada gonon alhassa xoonda ruausata kone. 
 81. Da maikarji ya zdma kaman ranoma, 
 
 Da gudumowan masukariji kaman ivutan. kestu 
 Da su duka zdsu kone tare. 
 
 TRANSLATION OF Mr. URIAH H. BENNET'S LETTER, 
 
 Page 198. 
 Rev. Sir, 
 
 I hope you will not consider it presumptuous on my part 
 
 to write to you this letter in Hausa. It is to let you see some 
 
 results among the many and great benefits which your labours 
 
 for us have produced. I am not the only one who now writes 
 
 Hausa ; there are many others who can write it better than 
 
 myself among those who have studied your books ; from this 
 
 you may see and know how much you have helped those amoug 
 
 the black people who used them ; because it was to beuefit 
 
 us that you have made and written so many books. At the 
 
 present time there are many of those born in the Sudan, i.e. 
 
 natives oi' the country (as distinguished from strangers 
 
( 203 ) 
 
 educated in our Colonies along the Coast), who arc working 
 together with us in the same work, and who now understand 
 the difference between the Religion of Jesus Christ and that 
 of Mahomed ; and they of their own accord testify that our 
 doctrine is pure, and free from falsehood, deceit and profane 
 swearing. Those too, who reside at Lokoja, see from whom 
 our religion comes (referring, of course, by reading the trans- 
 lations of the Sacred Scriptures), but formerly the traders 
 when we preached to them said we were inconsistent, because 
 we made some of them drink ardent spirits till their heads 
 were affected. Yes, it is true that for the sake of gain 
 some committed this sin, and injured the religion which they 
 preached. 
 
 Some people went so far as to say that the ministers did 
 not according to their preaching ; but now this is not the case. 
 
 It is now ten years since your two Hausa books (Grammar 
 and Dictionary) arrived at Lokoja. Since then they have 
 been sold there. From them I learned the Hausa language. 
 After their arrival everj^body bought them, but now they are 
 not to be had, the supply having been exhausted. They are 
 inquired for at Lokoja both by white and black men, but in 
 vain, as there are none to be had. 
 
 Many thanks to you for the Book of the Prophet of Isaiah 
 which you sent me; it came to hand on the 13th of Dec. 1885. 
 I received it at Low in the country of Hamaurava, it came in 
 the steamer. It was the year 1884 that the boat first began to 
 ascend the river Benue as far as Yola. 
 
 If it please God, I shall r3turn to Nupe very soon. There 
 are some Hausa here, traders. I read to them the 1st chapter 
 of the Book of Isaiah. There were some passages which they 
 could not readily understand. I expressed to them the meaning 
 in such words as would be used in this place, and for this reason 
 I have sent you the transcription with this letter, in order to 
 show you how I have put in a few different words, as they 
 
( M ) 
 
 use tlu'iii liore. 1 must close this letter now. Eev. Sir, may- 
 God give you health, may God give you strength equal to 
 your work, that He may preserve you and bless you, is the 
 prayer of one who is your pupil, although I cannot see you. 
 He is the man whom the Hausa people call Bannata. 
 
 URIA.H H. BENNETT. 
 
 Continuation op Proverbs (see Magana TLmsa, page 10). 
 
 118. Miitmn hai Ixosi ya yi saura ? 
 
 1 19. Wo)ii ya mutu kcma kiikdnsa, ha kUkdnsa kana yi ha 
 sat kf'kan kdnka. 
 
 120. Da mugHnia rdtva gidra ka iaSi. 
 
 121. Sdriki ya ft imitdne, avvi Alia ka fi diika. 
 
 122. Ayi aha da kyau, don gohe. 
 
 1 23. Hawainia ha ta tafia sal ta yi hddud. 
 
 124. Zucia ha ta kasi. 
 
 125. En wrnja hai siga, ahfdni ba 67 zdma. 
 12G. Maganaftii da louya amdri. 
 
 127. Sdfo ha si yin rdhon kuhkura. 
 
 128. Komi ka yi sal kana da ndka hdnza ne. 
 
 129. Wvrmka ha si kwdna gareni. 
 
 130. Namlzi da sdra. 
 
 131. Loma guda ka hd mictum dilnid, kicdnaki arha'in ka 
 ceftu a Idhira. 
 
 132. Ell ka zp garln masuwu(,ia, hiin blda tpHia ka .sv7 Idi/u. 
 
 133. ZUcia da kasi ta kdse maiddnsn. 
 
 134. Bdki ya ci, idunu ya yi kfnnia. 
 
 135. Hiska ya, dauko </ityua. 
 
 136. Ydho miitum iddnunsa zuage ne. 
 
 137. Kpwa ya yi ^andni, ya sa ivdyewa. 
 
 138. Uhd mardya — Alia. 
 
 139. Bi'ri sni zakdrana ya hjnh-se koi. 
 
 140. liokdke rua na ddfa wiike ? 
 
 141. Ahn hai nawFnja ha, mntum -si naw/'fj/rsi. 
 
( 205 ) 
 
 1 42. Fjii hanci cini haure, kadd ha tone ciklnsa. 
 
 143. Koi ya yi icdyo here dan ciCilco ! 
 
 144. At hclria ha ta yi dla, sai ta yi fare. 
 
 145. Em btri ya yi ghdna, mlmn gudic dagd gona. 
 14G. Ka viiifu del, ka mutu he nan. 
 
 14:1 . Yi, yafl cewa ga hanuana. 
 
 148. Bdhin da ya cl H gnde : em hai gnde ha., hdhin wuta 
 yafUi. 
 
 149. Ahin hardo ahamdta sihe, enya mlka lidnu zdsi dauho 
 na ivoni, sai ndsa si f ado. 
 
 150. Tiiha na miiziira: hdza na hdhinsa, hai sdko ha, ya ce : 
 na tuba ! 
 
 151. Komi ha hdsi mdtd tukHnia zdsi. 
 
 152. Maigdya mdha gdshia sina nesa. 
 
 153. Ɓa ni da wuri, da ni da ido hiu. 
 
 154. Ɓn hiin ga mutum sirmiru, ku kan 7na.ise-n kamd mai- 
 ci tUo da hagu. 
 
 155. Sddahd duha sai hwdna arhdin si he hai ga qahdn 
 Vhdngizi. 
 
 156. 8ai zahdrana ya kenkese na hdki. 
 
 157. Ɓdki ya sdn ahin da sina fadi, ha si tan ha kdnda 
 zdaTndidasi. 
 
 158. Izan ka sdmu abu, kaddka ce mnfhika neya hdha. 
 
 159. Zua da ivUri, ya fi zHa da wuriwuri. 
 
 160. Ka sd hdnka rami.'' Ai woni dei ke sdka. 
 
 161. Mtitum ya sdha daruan diimi, ha anasclsi cikin maisa- 
 inyi, ha si sdni dUnia hiu ta ke. 
 
 162. Ka her gdni kare Una kora kura hai ansima si a noma. 
 
 163. Rigan Agbakpa da pifa, amd alz>~/funsa sdho. 
 
 164. Abin moni na wa woni ? That wbicli suits oue, will it 
 also suit another ? 
 
 165. Ahokin lalatdci, lalatdce. 
 
 166. JJa dddin hdki kan gisirin Ashon. 
 
 167. Gf'znrin dunia si ne na. IdJiira. 
 
( .>(IG ) 
 
 Ills. Zi'niuin (Iroila ni ha iji nuijarl doii kunka, en lea yi 
 mutju don hdnkn. 
 
 JGO. Wonda Una cikln rita ha si kfda ha da dart. 
 
 170. Mutinn ya pdie tiilu, ai Una gdya katonga, 
 
 171. Ahu hal nawdya ha, mutuni si nawayesi ? 
 1 7-. Kumi daiidau rita Sina wanke fuska. 
 17'i. Alheri ha giddn kiodnta ha. 
 
 1 7J-. Gondii bdkim hdnta da cirara. 
 
 1 75. Alia ha si cimhasi, omd kUlvm safe si hiom hdU. 
 
 1 76. Ankwdie zdhua kwoi ! gohe kima ta ie. 
 
 177. Komi ka sdba ma yCiro ii zaSi yi. 
 
 178. Ni maisu ya da riia, hale na sdmu inai ? 
 1 7'.» Ki'tnkuru ya so dumbe bdbu lidnu. 
 
 180. Rokdken rtia na daffa tcdke ? 
 
 181. Alkfri ha giddn, kwanta ha. 
 
 182. Hankali na milium hiu ko kaka yaflna mutum daia. 
 183- Ciniki goma mdgani herein rdna. 
 
 184. En mu duka mnn tdnt,mun yi rdwa, asdmu mdsukdlo ? 
 
 185. Miitum ya sdba da rHan dumi ha ansdci cikin maisainyi 
 ba si snnidHnia bin ta ke. 
 
 186. tju kana cem hauro kadd ka ioni dikinsa. 
 
 187. Zdman dunia en ka yi ndgarl don kdnka, en ka yi 
 viftgu don kdnka. What a man soweth that shall he reap. 
 
 188. lM}a na Muzura. Kdza na hdkinsa, hai sake ha, ya 
 ^e na tffha ; ha ni kdra yi ha gohe. 
 
 (Jilliert 4c KiviiiKton, Limited, St. .John's Houwe, ClerkenwcU llDod, London, Enjjlnnd. 
 
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