Ex Libris I C. K. OGDEN C7{p It to 0: Digitized by the Internet ArcJiive in 2007 witii funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation littp://www.arcliive.org/details/considerationsupOOhobbricli h CONSIDERATIONS UPON 9mjsM Reputation, ^ Loyalty, Thci Manners, & [Religion, o F THOMAS HO'B'BES QF MALMSBZ>KT. mxittm lip |)imftlf , Byway ofLETTER to a Learned Perfbn- LONDON: Printed for WHUam Crooke^ at the Green Dragon without Tempk-har. 1680. .5 THE BOOKSELLER'S Adve rtisement Tothe READERS. I Do here prefent you with a. Piece of Mr. Hobbess Wri-, ting •, which is not publi- fhed from an imperfefl: MS, as his Dialogue of the Ciml Wars ef England was, ( by fome that had got accidentally a Copy of it ) ab- folutely againft his confent, as you may fee by fome Paflagcs out of fome of his Letters to me, which I have here inferted. In The Bookfeller s In his Letter of Jnne^ i ^jp. he faith, -^ f\ >-i rr| , . I moHldfain have lijhed my Dialogue of the Ci'vil V^ars of England, Img ago i^ and to that end^ Ipref^nt^^ if tohk H^jefty : and fohte dayfdfttr , when I thought be had read it^ I humbly befought him tb tef me print it 5 ; but his Majejly (^ihmgh he heard me gratioupy^ yet hey jiatl^^re fifed to ha've it publi- jhed. Therefore I brought away the Boo}{j^ and^gctve you lea%^e to take a> dopy of it}, which when you haddone^^"^ Igkz/e the Original to ait honourable dnd learned' Friend '.'" who about ^ i^' y^dr dfter drcd. The King hi2oy>^^ betier} hnd^% more concerned in pub^ lijlnng of Books than I am : There^ fore I dare not ^venture to appear in tht bufwefy left it fjould offend him. There-^ Advertifement. Therefore I pray you not to meddle in the bufineji. Rather than to be thought any way to further or countenance the printing y I would be content to lofe twenty times the .. ■U-isc/ (3) Sir-, I Am one of them that admire your Writings ; and haying read over your Bobhm HeaU' ton-timorumenos , I cannot hold from giving you Ibms account of the caulcs why t admire it : And firft 1 confidered how^ you handle him for his Difloyaky, in thefe words, pag, the 5* . Hk great Leviathan C^^^rein he place J h'vi main ftrength J is now [omewhat out cffeafon ; rvbich ^pon Jtferting his Eoyal Mafter in dijirefs, ffor he pre- tends to have been the King's Tutor ^ though yet, from thofe^ who have moji reafon tokflow it, lean find but tittle ground for fuch a pretence,) was mitten in defence of OlivcE s Title, Cor whoever, by whatfoever . B mans. (4J mgam^ can get to he upmoji, J placing ihtvchde Right of Government meer- ly in Jtrength, and Abfdving all his Majeflies Subjel^s from ikeir Alle- giance^ whenever He is not in a pre^ fent capacity to force Obedience, That which I obferve and ad- mire here firft, is. That you left not this paffage pur, for two reafons; One, becaufe WHobbes could long for nothing more than fuch an oc- cafion to tell the world his own and ypur little ftories, during the time of the late Rebellion. ♦ When the Parliament ^te, that began in April 1640. and was dif^ folved in May following, and in which many points of the Regal Power, which were neceflary for the Peace ofthe Kingdom, and the iatety of His Majefties Peribn, were dilputed and denied, M'. Hobbes wrote a little Treatife in Englifli, (5J Englifli, jwherein he did lecforch ^id.de^nonftrate, That Dhe faid Fow^r and Rights were infeparably aniiqxed tp the Sovereignty ; which Sovereignly they did not then del ny to be if^jfhe King ; but it iqern^ ijinderiiq6(J not^ or would not j^ derftand jthat Jnfcparability. : (^ this Treatiie, though nor Printe^^ many Gerw?|emcn had Ccpies,whicti ^pQafiqned much talk of the Aut thor; and. had no: His Majcfty diffolvcd. ; che Parliament, ^ ha4 brought him into danger of hi$' I 2-, flc waj^ the firil that had ventu; fed to write in the Ring's defence, and one, ^mongft very few, that upon no other ground but know- ledge of his Duty, and Principles of Equity, without fpecial Intercft^ p^ in all points perfectly Loyal. The 5^ of November following, B 2 there there began a new Parliament, con- lifting for the grvateft part of fuch men as the People had cleft cd only for their advcrienefs to the Kings- Intereft. Thcfe proceeded to- fierce- ly in the very beginning againft thofe that had written or preach'd in vhc defence of any part of that Power, which they then intend- ed to take away, and in gracing thofe whom the King had diigrac'd for Sedition , that Mr. Hobbes xloubting how they would ufe hirti, went over into France^ the firft of all that fled, and there continued eleven years, to his dammagc fome thoulands of pounds deep. This (Dr.) was your time of harveft-: You were in their fevour, and that (as you have made it fince appear J) for nogoodnefsi • Being at Park^ he wrote and publilhcd his Book deCm-) inLa- , tine, (7) tine, to the end that all Nations which fliould hear what you and your Concovenanters were doing in England^ might deteft you, which I believe they do ; for I know no Book more naagnificd than this is beyond the Seas. When His Majefiy that nov/ is came to Vafvs-, Mf . }lohU% had the honour to initiate him in the Afar. thematicks ; but never was {o im- pudent or ignc^ant as to call, or think himfclt the King's Turor, as you (that undcrftand not what that word,out of the Univerficy, (igni- fies) do falfly charge him with ; or ever to lay, that he was one of His Majeftics doraeftique Servants. While upon this occafion he ftaid about Varh^ and had neither cn^ couragenient nor dcfire to return into England^ he wrote and pub- iiflicd ills Levhthan^ far from the B 3 in- intention either of difadv^ntagcto' His Majefty, or to flatter Oliver^, ( who was not made Proteftor till three or four years afrer } or pur- pofe to make way for his return: For there is fcarce a page in it that does not upbraid both him, and you, and others fuch as you, with your 'abominable hypocrifie aiid villany. ;'• ' i oi -j ' Nor did he delert His Majefty, as* you falfly accufe him, as His Ma* Jefty flimlelf- knows. Nor was His Majefty (-as you unmannerly term iz) in Jiftr'efs. He had the Ti- tle, Right ahti ReverehGfi of a K ing, and maintained His faithful Servants with Him. It is true, that Mr.: HbM« came home ; 1>ut it was becaufe he would not truft his (af^*. ty with the FrMci> Clergy. Do you know that ever he fought any ^benefit- either from ^ •■'■ Oliver, (9) Olmr^ or from any of his Party, or was any way familiar with any of hisMinifters, before or alter his Return ? or curried tavourwith any of them ( as you did by Dedica- ting a Book to his Vice-Chancclior Omn ?J Did you ever hear that he took any thing done to hiiji by His Ma^ ^efty in evil parr, or fpake of him otherwife than the beft of His Ser^ .vants wcJuld do ; or that he was ful- len, filent, or Iparing, in praifing His Majefty in any company, uppa anyoccafion? He knew who were his enemies^ and upon what ground they mif- .<:onfl:rued his writings. But your indiicretion appears rnoremaniteftly in giving him occa- lion to repeat what you have done, and to co«/?(/er you, as youprofet- fcdly have confidered him : For B 4 with with what equity can it be denied him to repeat your manifcft and horrible Crimes, ibr all you have been pardoned ; when you publifli falfly pretended tauhs of his, and comprehended in the fame pardon? If he ihou'd fay, and publifli, That you decyphered the Letters of the King and His P.ar:y, and thereby delivered his Majeftics fc- crets to the Enemy , and His beft Friends to the Scaffold, and boaft- pd of it in your Book of Arithme- tick (written in Latin J to all the World, as of a Monument of your Wit, worthy to be prcferved in the Univerfity Library : How will you juftifie your feli^ if you be re- proached for having been a Rebel and a Tray tor ? Ic may be you, cr Jbme for you,will now lay^ You de- cyphered chofe Letters to the K-ihgs advantage : But then you were were unfeichful to your Mafters of the Parliament : A very honeft pretence, and full of gallantry, to excufe Jreafon with Treachery^ and to be a double Spy. Befides, Who will believe it ? Who enabled you to do the King that favour ? Why bearded you with His Enemies? Who brought the King intoa^need of fuch a fellows favour, but they that firft dclertcd him, and then made War upon him, and which were your friends, and Mr. Hobbes his enemies. Nay more, 1 know not one enemy Mr. Hobbes then had, but fuch as were firft the Kings ene- mies, and becaufe the King's therefore his. Your being of that Parry,(without your decyphering,) amounts to more than a delertion. Of the Bifhops that then were, and for whole fkkes ( in part) you raifcd ths War, there was not one that that folloj^red the King out of the Land, choigh tjhey loved him, but lived quietly under the Proie£l:ion, firilof the Parliament, and ihenof Oliver^ ( whole Titles and Aftibns were equally unjuft ) without treachery. Is not this as bad as if they had gone over, and(which was Mr. Uobbes his ca(e ) been driven back again ? I hope you will not call them all defercors, (or becaufe by their ftay here openly they ac- cepted of the Parliament's and of Olivers Proteftion J defenders ci- ther of Olivers, or of the Favr Uament's Title to the Sovereign Power. How many were there in that PaFliamenl" at firft that did indeed and voluntarily defert the King, in conlcnting to many of their unjuft adions ? Many of thefe afterwards, either upon better judgment, cm: ^ becaufc (•3) becauft they plea fed not the Fa- dion, r^^or it was a hard matter for fuch as were not of Pymms Cabal to pkufe the Parliament, J or for fome other private ends, deferted the Parliament, and did fome ef them more hurt to the King than if they had flraid where they were ; (for they had been fo affrighted by fiich as you, with a panick fear of Tyranny, that feeking to help Him byway ofCompofition and fha- ring, they abated the juftand ne- ceflary indignation of His Armies, by which only His Right was to be recovered.^ That very entring into the Go- as^enanc with the Scottifli Nation :againftthe King, isby it felf a ve- ry great Grime^ and you guilty of it. And fo was the impofinrg x)f the Engagement, and you guilty of that alfo, as beiiigdone by the then ('4) tlien Parliament, whole Democra- tical Principles you approv'd of. You were alfo afsifting to the Refemblanceof Divines that made the DireSiory^ and which were a& tcrwardspiit down by Oliver for counterfeiting themfelves AmbaC- iadors. And this was when the King was living,and in the head of an Army,which with your own en- deavour might have proteded you. What crime it is (the King being Head of the Church of Engl(^ndj to make Dire^or'ieSy to alter the Cburch'Govermmnty and to let up new Forms of Gods Service, upoa youFj own fancies, without the Kings Authority, the Lawyers could have told you ; and what punifhmcnt you were to expeS: from it, you might have feen in the Statute printed before the Book of Common-Frayer, Further, Ci5J ' Further he may izy, and truly,- Thac you were guilty of all the Trcalbns, Murders, and Spoil com- mitted by Oliver, or by any upon Oliver's or the Parliament's Autho- rity : For, during the late trouble^ who made both Oliver and the People mad, but the Preachers of your Principles ? But befides the , wickcdnefs, (eethcfolly ofit. You thought to make them mad, but ;uft to fuch a degree as fliould ierve your own turn ; that is to (ay, mad, and yet juft as wile as your fclvcs. Were you not very impru- dent to think to govern madnefe ? Paul they knew, but who were you ? Who were they that put the Army into Oliver's hands, ("who be* fore, as mad as he was, was too weak, and too oblcure to do any great mifchiefj with which Army he executed upon fuch as you, both here (.6) here and in Scotland.^ that whiph|he Juftice of God required. • j Therefore, of all the Crimes (the Great Crime noc excepted) done in that Rebellion, you were guilty iYou, I i'ay, Dr. (how lit- Ue force or wit ibever you con- tributed )j,. for your good will to their Caufe. The King was hunt- ed as a Partridge in tlie Mountains ; and though the Hounds have been h,ang;d, yet the H\inters were ps guilty 98 they, an4 defcrved, nc? l^/s punirfimenCi; And the pe^yr pherers, and all that blew the horn, are to be reckoned amongft th§ Hunters. Perhaps you would nof ,have liad the prey |iil|ed, but rather have kept it tame. And yet who can tell ? I have read of few Kingg dtjprived of their Power by thei;- own Subje£^s, that have lived any Jqrjg tjme after it, for r^fons that every eVery man is able to cGn^61:ure. All this is (b maniftft as it needs no witneffes. In the mean time- Mr. Hobbeslm behaviour was fuch, that of them who appeared in that Scene, he was the only inan 1 know (except a few that had 'the fame Frinciples with him ) t^iat hasnot Ibmethmg more or lels to blufh' •for; as having either affifted that rebellious Parliament, without ne- ceffity, (when they might have had Prote^ion ' from the King, if they had referted to him for it in the field,J by 'Covenanting, or by A^ flion, or with Money, .or Plate, or by Voting ^ainft His Majfcfiies !h-* tcrefV, in Himfelf^ orHi^ Friends; though fome of them havcitnccby extraordinary Scrv ice dtftrved to be received into ^vour ; Btit what's' that to you ? You are none of them;' and yet you dare to reprdachthe guiltlefs. guiltlefs, as if after fo ill fruits oi your Sermons, ic were not impu- dence enough ro preach. I admire further. That having been forgiven thcfe fo tranfcen- dent Crimes^ ((b great a debt to the Gallows J you take Mr. Hobbes by the throat tor a word in his Levia- than^ made a feult by malicious or over-hafty conftruclrion : For you . have thereby, like the unmerciful debtor in the Golpel, ( in my opi- nion J forfeited your pardon, and io^ without a new one, may be hanged yet. To that other Charge, That he mii his Leviathan in defence o/O- liver's Title^hQ will fay, That you in your own confcience know it is falfe. What was Oliver when that Book came forth ? It was in i6i^oi and Mr. Hobbes returned before 1 65 T * Oliver was then but General imder un^er your.Maftcrs of die Parlia- ipenr, norhadyec cheated them of their ufurped Power : For that was not.done till two or three v-ars af- cer, in i (55 3. which neither he nor you could foresee: What Title then ot Oliver's could he pretend Co ;uftifie? But you will fay. He pla- ced the Right of Government there wherefbever fliould be the ftrength ; and fo by confequence he placed it in Oliver^ Is that all ? Then prima- rily his Leviathan was intended for your Mafters of the Parliament, be- cau{e the ftrength was then in tliem : Why did they not thank him for it, both they \xnd Oliver in their, turns ? There ( Doflor ) you decypher'd ill : For it was written J In the behalf of thole many and faithful Servants and SubjeS^s of His Majcfly, that had taken His part in the War, or.ctherwie dons C Tlmis (.0) their utmoft endeavour to defend His Majefties Right and Pcrfon againft the Rebels ; whereby, ha- ving no other means of Proteftion, nor (for the moft part) of fubfift- ence, W6re forced to compound with your Mafters, and to promile Obedience for the laving of their Lives and Fortunes, which in his Book he hath affirmed they might lawfully do, and confequently not lawfully bear Arms againft the Vi- £):ors. They that had done their ntmoft endeavour to perform their obligation to the King, had done all that they could be obliged un- to ; and were confequently at li- berty to feek the fatety of their Lives and Livelihood wherefoever, a nd w ithout Treachery. But there is nothing iji that Book tojuflrific the fubmififion of you, (or fiich as youj to the Parliament, after the King's King's being driven from them, or 10 Oliver ; tor you were the King's EneniieSj and cannot pretend want of that Prote£lion which you your fclves refufed, denied, fought a-' gainft, and deftroyed. If a rtiaii^ owe you money, and you by rob- ' binghim^ or other injury, difablb him to pay you, the fault's your c»wn ; not needs this exception,' Vnkfs the Creditor fob him ^ be put into the Condition of the Bond. Protc^ion and Obedience are Reld^ tive. -He that fays a man msty- fubmit to art enemy foi- want 6f Proteftion, can never bie conftrl^dj; but that he meant it of the Obedi- ent. But let us corifider his words.1 ' They are in pag. c^po. Where he puts for a Law of Nature, That e- 'i)ery man is bound ai much as in him lieth^ to prote^ in War the Authori-. ty by vehich he is himfelf protected C 2 in C 2^ J int'mt of Peace ; which I think ts . no iHigodly nor iinreafonable Prin- ciple. For €onfinii3[ion of ir, he . defines in what point of time it is, that a Subjed becomes obliged tO' obey an un; jft Conquer our ; And d-fijies it thus y It k that pint where- in^ having liberty to fubmit to the Conquer Giir-, he €.onfenteth either by exprtfs vfards^^ or, by other Jujficient fjgns^to be hi&SubjeSi. . r cannot fee>, Dc61of, hpw a man caii)t)£ at liberty to fubmit to his. new, tjiat has not firft done all he could for his old Ma^er : Nor If he-hay^ done all lie could, why that Ijbtrtyjhould be rctufed him; If a maii;b2 taken; by the 7«r^, and bjoughr by terrour to fight againft his former Mafter, I fee how he may be kiird for itas an Enemy ,but not as a Criniinal : Nor can I fee how he that hath liberty to fubmit, can, at (23J at the lame time be bound not to fubmir. But you will fay, perhaps, That he defines the time of that liberty to the advantage of Oliver^ in that he fays, that jyr an ordinary Suhje^^ it is then^ when the means of his Life are within the Guards and Garri- fons of the Enemy ; for it is then^that he hath no.prote^ion but from the Enemy^ for his Contribution. Ic was not neceflary for him to ex- plain it to men of ib great Under- ftanding, that you and other his Enemies pretend to be, by putting in the Exception, Vnlefs they came into thofe Guards and Garrifons by their oven Treafon. Do you think that Oliver's Party, for their lub- milsion to ^//W,could pretend the want of that Frote^ion ? The words therefore by them- felves, without that exception, do C 2 fiffnifie (n) fignifie no more than this, That whofoever had done 06 much as i^ Mm did lye to protect the King in War, had liberty aftervpards to pro- vide . themselves of fuch Trotehion 05 they could get ; which, to thole whofc means of life \^ere within thf. Guards and Garri(bns of OH- veff was Oliver*s Prote£l:ion. Do you think when a Battel is loft, and you at the mercy of the Enemy, is ic unlawful to receive Quarter with condition of Obedi- ence ?0r if you receive it on that condition, do you think it honefty to break promife,and treacheroufly murder him that gave you your life? If that were good Doii^rine, he were a tboIiOi Enemy that would give Qiiarier to any man. You fee then,' that this fiibmilTi- on to Oliver^ or to your then Ma- ilers, is allowed by Mr. Bcbbes his Dodrine (25 J Doftrine only to the K ihg's faithful Party, arid not to an^ that tbughc againft hhti, howibevcr they co- loured it, l^ faying, chcy tought for the King and Parliaaient ; nor to any that writ or preached againft ^is Caufe, or encouraged His Ad- ViCrfaries ; nor to any xhac betrayed His Counfels, or that intercepced pr decyph^red any Lecters of His, or of His /Officers, or of any of His Party ; nor to any that by any way had contributed to the dimi- nutipn of Kis Majefties Power, Ecclefiaftical or Civil ; nor does it abiQkeany of them from their AU legeanee.' You that make it fo hei4 nous a crinac for a man to fave hinir felf from Yiolent death, by a forc'd fubmifiion to an Llfurper, fhould have confidered what crime ic was to fubnqit .voluntarily to the Ufiirp- ing Piarliamenc, >- C4 i ^I I can tell you befidifiSfy wt^y thofe words were put into his iaft.Chap- ■ter, whichhe calls the 'Review.. ;|'e Jiappenedfiac that - tftpe .that dler^ ■mete:. - ffiany I iHonoitrafiple "Petibn^ that havittg:..been fek'hfui and uni ■BMniilied \Siervanrs ot^' ,the Sirtgi and Souldiers in Hil- Arfliy, hsd their Eftatesiithen Sequeftred ;' M whom fame Were- fiedy' but the Eortunes of them ait vicere at the mercy <^ not ot OlhePybuv) of the ■Parliament. ? Some- of theie wispe admitted - tGt(Compoliti<3li, foni55 notic They; tthat :C<5mpounded^ though they heip'd the feliament lefs by dheir Compolcion, than th^ fliouldifiave donc{-i^i±ey had flood outj) by their Conftlcation, y£t they were ill fpok^ea'Ci^ ^efpe- cia-Hy ; by? thole that had ho Eftates to lofe, nOEjhqpe to Compaund. And it was for this thatr:h!e added 3 to (27) rbiwhat he had written before, this cauticn, Thgt^ it they wobld cbm- ^oimd, they were to da it b)majide\ -Wit'hout tnCention of Treaclieryi .Wherein hejnftified their Submifi fion by their former Obedience^ and pfefeht Necessity ; but con- demned Treachery. Whereas you that pretend to abhor Atheiim,con- demn that which was done upon necefsity, an^juftifiethd Treache- ry : And you had reafbn for it, that cannot otherwifc ^uftifie yoiff lelves. Thoie ftruglings- which happened afterwards, loft HisMa- jefty many agood and able Subjed, and ftrengthened Oliver with the Confi(cation'--©f'" their Eftates, which if they had attended the 'DiCftord of th^ir Enemies^ might iiave been laved' -q c '-noraui.,c. i ' ' Perhaps you willta*fe%i^a' figJl efMr. Ho^/»« Kfs ill meaiSing, that His 08) Pis Majefty was difpjeafed with hjm. And trolly I belieye Hewa$ (iUplcafcd fqr a while, but not ve- ry lopg. They that complained pjj and mif-Gonftrued his writings, weife ff is ' l^ajeft i^ gqcxl Sub jefe, and reputed Wife and Learned men, gnd thereby obtained to have their mitconftrufiion believed for ft^? liftle tim^: But the very next Stjini' iner after his coming away, twp Jionoprable Peyfons pf the Cqurf that came iOftei iqto England^ aflii- jied hinij ch^t ,His Majefty had a gpod^ jnion of hiip ; and Other? ^nce-h|vetold me, that His Majc^ fty fai,4 op?nIy, That He thoqght Mr. Hdbbei never meant him hurt, ^efides. His Majcfty hath ufedhim snore gracioufly than is ordinary to fo humble a perfon as he is, and fb great a, JDelinquent as you would make him, and tcftified His efteem of of him in His bounty. What Argu- ment now can you draw from hence more than this. That His Majefty underftood his writings better than his Accufers did. I zdn\\rq in the next place, upon what ground you accufe him ( and with him all thofe that have appro- ved his Leviathan)mth. Atheiira. I thought once, that that flander had had Tbme(though not firm) ground in that you call his new Divinity : But for that point he will allege thefe words of his Leviathan^ pag. 2 3S. By which itfemeth to me (vpith fubmiljion mv^erthelefs both in this and all oth^r Quejiions^ whereof the determination depeiideth on the Scri- ptifr^, to the Interpretation of th^ Bible author i^d by the Comtnon- malth^whofe Subje^ lamO Ihat^Scc, \|Vhat is there in ^hefe words ■ but Modefty an4 Qb^dknee ? But (3°) . _ you were at this time in a£lual Re feellion. Mr. Hbfe', that holds Religion to be a Law, did in ordist thereto condemn the maintenance of any of his Opinions againft the Law ; and you chat reproach hi^i tor them upon your own aecounti fliould alfo have fliewn by yout own Learning, wherein the Scri- pture, whiblt was his foie proof, was mil-cited, or miPconftrued by him ; ( for he fubrnicted to the Laws, that is to fiy^ to the King's I^ofl:rine, not to yours ; ) and riot have infutted for the Vidory won by the power of the Law, to whicht you were dieri an enemy. • Another Argument-'of Atheifm you take from his deny irig immate- rial^ X)r incorporeal Subfiances. Let any than impartially now compare his Religion with yours, by this very meafurej and judge which L'oV of of the two favours moft of Athe- ifm. •- Icisby: all Chriftians Gonfefs'd, that God is momprebenfihle; thac is to fay, that there is nothing can ariie in our Fancy from the ria.niing of him, to refembic him either in fiape^ colouri 'ifiature^ of. nature ; there is no Idea of him j^fhe' is like nothing that we can thint^^n : What then ought we to lay of him? What Attributes are to be given him, not (peaking' otherwife than we think, nor other wife than is fit, by thofe who mean to honour him ? None but fuch as Mr. Hobbes hath let down, namely, Exprefsions of Reverence, fuch as are in Ule amongfl men for figns of Honour, and confequently (ignifie GooJ- nefSyGreatnefs^ znd Happinefs; and either, ablblutely put, as Gooc/^ Holy., Mighty, Bklfed, Juji, Wife, Merci- ful, /«/, &c. or Super lathCfZs moft GooJ, mofi Greats moft Mighty^ Almighty^ moft Holy, &c. or Negative, of whar- focvcr is not perfe^l-, as Infinite^ E- temal, and the like : And not fuch as neither Reafbn nor Scripture hath approved for honourable. This is the Dofl^rine that Mr. tiobhes hath written, both in his Leviathm^z.nd in his Book de Give, and when occafion ferves, maiii- tainsi What kind of Attribute I pray you is immaterial, or incorpo- real fttbftance ? Where do you find it in thfr Scripture ? Whence came it hither,but from Plato and Ariflo- tle^ Heathens, who miftook thole thin Inhabitants of the Brain they fee in fleep, for (6 many incorporeal men ; and yet allow them motion, which is proper only to things corporeal ? Do you think it an ho- nour to God to be one of thefe ? And (3^J And woilld you teafn Chtiftianity from fim^AAriptlet^ fec- ihg there is ' tio fuch HjoM' ' in th^ Scripture- fa6wwifl'^^u\varrant fi; from natural reafon ? Neither Platd nor AriJloik6i\6. evef Write cfj or. mention an incorporeal 'Spirit ; for they coiild not conceive how a Spi- rit, which in their Language was •rwo/tto. ( in ours a Wind J could be ihcorporedl. Do yoti uiiderftahd the conne£lion of fubfta'nceznd in- corporeal'^ If you do, explain it in Englifli ; for the words are La- tine. It is fomething, you'l lay, that being without Body, fiands un- der"-. Stands under what? Will you fay, under Accidents ? Almoft all the Fathers of the Church wili be againfl you ; and then you are an Atheift. Is not Mr. Hobhes his way of Attributing to God, that only which the Scriptures Attri- bute f34J. t)uEe to \\mi or what is never a,riy where takep but (or honour, muck better thai>~t^is bold lln&takmgj of yQur.CjQ^^gpfider agtj dccyp to Godsfffliare t6^ U3 "? vir,^^- For a tliird Argument of Athe- ifin, you put, /That he %,s, Befides the Cteation pj^ihe World ^ there is m^ ■Argument to prove a pejtty ; and!^ that it cannot he evinced hj an) Ar- gument that, the World had a Begin- ning \ andr "Jh^t whether it had or no., Pi to he decided not by Argument^ hut hy the.Magifirates Authority. That it niay be decided by the Scriptures , he never denied: Therefore in that alfoyou flander him. And as for Arguments from, natural Reafon, neither you, noc any other have hitherto brought! any (except the Creation) that has. not made it more doubtfiil to many men than it was before. That which C35) v/liich he liath wriccen concerning fiich Arguments, is in his Book Ve Corpjre. Opimons (faichhe) con- cerning the nature c/ Infinite and Eternal, oi the chkfe.ft of the fruits of WifJom , God hath refrved to himfelf and mak Judges cfthcm^ ihofe men whcfe Mimfiery he meant to, ufe in the ordering of Religion ; and therefore I cannot praife thcfe men that brag of Demonflration of the Beginning of the World from na- tural Reafon. Andagahi, pag.258. Wherefore I paf by thcfe Queflions cjT Infinite d;?:/ Eternal, contenting my felfwith fuch Vo^rine concern- ing the Beginning and Magnitude of the Worlds d6 1 have learn d from the Scripture^ confirmed by Mirachsy ^ ^ndfrom the Vfe of my Countrey^ aid from the Ueverence I owe to the Law. This, Doflor, is not ill (aid,indyec 'cis all you ground your fls.nder on^ D' whicli (3^ . " whicli you make to fneak v ilely un- der a crooked Faraphraie. The(e Opinions, I faid^ were to be judged by thole to* whom God' has commicted the ordering of Re- ligion ; that is, to the Supreme Go- vernours of the Church, that is, in England^ to the Ring : By His Au- thoricy, I fay, it ought to be deci- ded, (not what men (hall think, but J what they fhall fay in tho(c Queftions. And me thinks yo« fliould not dare to deny it ; for it is amanifcft relapie into your former Crimes. But why do you ftilethe King by the name of Magijir ate? Do you find Magiftrate to fignifie any where the Perfbn that hath the Sovereign Power, cr not every where the Sovereign's Officers. And I think you knew that ; but you and your 'felI.ows(your fellows I call all thofe that (57) that are (o befineared ail over with the filth of the (ame Crime, as not to ibsdiftinguiihed, ) meant to make four Aflembly the Sovereign, and the King your Magijirate. I pray God you do not mean io ftill, if opportunity beprefented. There has hitherto appeared m Mr. Hcbbes his Dodrinc no fign of Atheifm ;. and whatfoever can be inferred frorii the denying of Incor- poreal Subftances, makes Tertullian^ bm of the ancienteft of the Fa-^ chers, and moft of the Dofirors of the Greek Chufch, as much Athe- ifts as he: ? or Tertullian in hisTrca- tife De Carne Ch?ifli, izys ph'mlyy Omat quodejt^ corpus eji fai generis. Nihil eji incorporak^ nifi quod norl eft. That is to fiy, Whatfoever is any things is a body of its kind. No* thing ii Incorporeal, hut that which hoi no Being. There are many o- D 1 thcr (38) ther places in him to the fame purr, poie : For that Do£^rine ferved his turn to confute the Herefie: of them that held that Chrift had no Body, but was a Ghojl : Alfo of the Soul he (peaks, as of an invifi- ble Body. And thers is an Epi- tome ot the Doftririe of the Eaft- ern Church, wherein is this. That they thought Angels and Souls were Corporeal^ and only called h- , corporeal^ becaule their Bodies were not like ours. And I have heard that a Patriarch of Conflantinopk-, in a Council held there, did argue for the lawfulnefs of painting An- gels, from this, that they were Cor- foreal. You fee what Fellows in Atheilra you joyn with M.r.Hobbes. . How unfeigned your own Reli- gion is, may be argued ftrongly, ddnonftratively, from your beha- haviour that I have already recited. Do Do you chink, you that have com" mitccd (b abominable fins , no^ through infirmity, or firdden trani^ port of Pafsion, but prcmeditately, wilfully, for twenty years together, that any rational man can think you believe your (elves, when you preach of Heaven and Hell, or that you do not believe one another to be Cheaters and Impoftors, and to laugh at filly People in your fleeves for believing you ; or that you ap- plaud not your own wit lor it ; though tor my part I could never conceive that very much wit was requifite for the making of a knave. And in the Pulpit moft of you have been a Icandai to Chriftianity, by preaching up Sedition, and crying down Moral Virtue. You fhould have preach'd againft unjuft Amhi- tion^ Ccvetoufnefs, Gluttony, Ma- lice:, Difobedknce to Government, D 3 Fraud, (4°) • Fraud, and Hypocrifie : But % the moft part you prcach'd your own GoiiCrovcriies , about who fhould be upperraoft, or other fruitlefs and uncdifying Do£}rin€s. When did any of you preach a- gainft Hypocrifie ? You dare nor in the Pulpit (I think J lb much as name ir, left you let the Church a laughing : And you in particular, when you laid in a Sermon, That ^ Sophos was not in Homer ; what edification could the People have Irgm that, though it had been true, as 'tis fallc ? ( For it is in hiS Il'md^y lib. 1 5. 7/. 3^3. ) Another I heard make half his Sermon of this Do- iTtrine, That God never fent a great Peliveriwce, but in a great Danger : Which is indeed true, becaufe the grearnefs of the Danger makes the gr- arnefs of the Deliverance, but tlr the fame caule ridiculous ; and ' the (40 the other half he took t:o,confl:rue the Greek of his Text: And yet fuch Sermons are much applauded. But why ? Firft, ©ecaule they maks not the People artiamed of any Vice. Secondly, Becaule they like the Preacher, for ufing to find fault with theGovernmejat orGovernor?. Thirdly, For their vehemsnce, which they miftake for Zeal. Fourihly, For their zeal to thtir own ends, which they miAake for zeal to Gods Worfhip. 1 have heard bsfides divers Sermons made by Phanatiqucs, young men, and whom by that, and their habit, I imagined to be Apprentices ; and .found little difference between their Sermons, and the Sermons of iiich as you , either in refpeft of Wjildom, or Eloquence, or Vehe- mence, or Applaufe of Common People. P 4 There- And that it was becaufe Mr. Boyle was acquainted with you ? I know the contrary. I have heard him wifli it had been fome perfon of lower condition that had been the Author of the Doctrine which he oppofed, and therefore oppofed becaufe it was falfe^ and becaufe his own could not otherwife be defended. But thus much I think is true , that he thought never the better of his Judgment ^ for miftaking you for Learned. This is all I thought fit to anfwer for him and his manners. The reft is of his Geometry and Philo- fbphy^ concerning which, I fay on- ly this ^ That there is too much in your Book to be confuted : Almoft every line may be difproved , or ought to be reprehended. In fum, it is all Errour and Railing, that is. fiinking wind^ fuch as a Jade lets flic when he is too hard girt upon a full belly. I have done. I have confidered you now , but will not again, whatfoever preferment any of your friends {hall procure you. FINIS, Bopks Printed for and fold by Wil- liam Creok^ at the Green Dragon with- out temple-Bar^ 1680. Vevinity. BRevU Demonjiratio^ proving the truth and ex- cellency of the Chriitian Religion, demon- ftrated by reafon, recommended to all rational perfons by feveral eminent Divines in London^ 'Twelves. > An Anfrver to Mr. Fergufons Vo&rine about Chrifts Juftification and Sandification, with an Account of the ends and intents of Chrifts death * and paffion, conlidered as a Reafon, by John Knowks, Ociavo. Tlye Prmitive Infiitution^ or a {eafbnable diC- courfe of CatechiCn, wherein is (hewed the An- tiquity, neceffity and benefits thereof, together with its futablcnefs to heal the diftemper of the Church, by L. Addifn^ D. D. Trpelves. A Sermon Preached at the Funeral of a fobcr Religious Man, found drowned in a pit, fincc re- vifed and inlarged by the Author upon the ac- count of fudden death. O^avo. A Serrnon Preached at a Vifitation in Chicefterj by JF. HovpeU Quarto. the School of Kighteoufnefs^ A Sermon Preached before the King on a General Faft-day, by his Grace the prefent Arch-Biftiop of Canturbury. Quarto. An excellent Rational Difcourfe of the Lawful- nefs of taking ufe for money, by Sir Robert fiU mer s with a large Preface to it, by Sir Roger trnf- den* trpelves. A A Catalogue ofBool^y A modefi Plea for the Clergy^ wherein is briefly confidered their Orignal^Antiquity^ and neceffity, together with the true and falfe grounds of their being fo much flighted . negleded, and unjuftly defpifed, by L. A. D. D. Ocfavo. The Imitation ofChrifl^ or the Chriftian patern, written by Tho. a Kempps* Ttventyfonrs. Steps of Afcention unto God^ or a Ladder to Heaven, being Meditations and Prayers for every day in the week, and other occafions, by Dr. Gee. Twenty fours. Hugo Grotim Catechifm in Greek, Latin, and Engli(h, with a Praxis, O&avo. The Spirit of Prophefieh a treatife to prove (by:, the ways formerly in ufe among the Jews in the Tryal of pretenders to a Prophetick Spirit) that Chrift and his Apoftles were prophets. Toge- ther with the Divine Authority of Chriftian Re- ligion and the holy Scriptures, the infufficiency of humane reafon, and the reafonablenefs of the Chriftian Faith hope and pradife deduced there- from ^ and aflerted againft Mr. Hobbes^ and the Treatife of Humane reafon : Recommended to the Prefs by DuGunning Lord Biihop of E/j/, by W. H. O^avo. The King'Killing VoSrifie of thtjefuits^ deli- vered in a plain and fincere difcourfe to the Trench King, concerning the re-eftabliftiment of the Jefuits in his Dominion : written in French by a Learned Roman Catholick , naw tranflated into Englifli, and humbly prefented to the confi- d^ration of both houfes of Parliament : in ^arto. Juftifying Faith ^ or that Faith by which the Juft do live, briefly defcribed , to which is added an fold by William Crook. an abftradoffome Letters about the Excellency of the Common Prayer, againft Mr. Baxter^ 8cc. OUavff. A Sermon Preached upon the fifth day of No- vember^ by Dr. G. Hafcard^ D. D. Rcftor of St. Clements Vanes^ and Chaplain in ordinary to His Majefty. ^arto. A Sermon Preached before Sir James Edtpards Lord Mayor of London^ at the Eledion of Sir Robert Clayton to be Lord Mayor for the year culuing, by G. Hafcard D. D. and Chaplab in ordinary to his Ma jefty. A Sermon Preached before the Right Hono* table Sir Robert Clayton Lord Mayor of London^ by Tho.Mannyngham^ Fellow of New CoHedge in Oxford. f Thefe fix laft are new. Hiflory. A Voyage info the Levant^ by Sir H. Blount. C£fars Commentaries^ with Mx,Edmonds his ob- fervations upon it : in Folio^ Englijh^d. Heylins Cofmography in four parts : in Folio. Sir Iho. Herberts Travels , \vitb Additions. Folio* A defcription ofCandia^ with an account of the Siege, and the furrender of it into the hands of the Turl^. O^avo. ' CaUioph Cabinet , wherein all Gentlemen may be informed how to order themfelves ior Feafts, Funerals, and all Heroick meetings \ to know 41 degrees of honour, and how all degrees are to take place s with a Didtionary of Herald-Terms, Tipelves. F A A Catalogue of Boekj A VifcoHrfe of the Vukgdonk of Modern^ con- taitth'^g the Original, Antiquity, Goveicnment, Manners and Qualities of the People : atfb th^ Temperature of ;the Climate, the nature dF the Air, e^^ ^drtih f \ . The prefefit^t't^^^thejeivs '-i Wherein is con-- tained an exaft account of their preftiit Cuftomes^ Secular and Religious : to Which is added a dif- (Tofeirft of the fttifei, Talmud and Getnara, by L. Aiidffon D. Di ' The Travels ofVtyffh^Ttd.tiMci hv^ho.Hobbes ofMalmsbury^ Twelves. - :;-'-^'^ -»'»<' ^€ameraRegif, bt M ^itthl'Stkh 6{ London, containing the Antiquity , Fame, Walls, River, Br idg, Gates, Tower, Officers, Courts, Cuftomes, Franchifes, &c. of that City: by J. B. Efij^ O£lavo. ■''•' The Circumcifion of the great Turk^ Son, and the teremony of the Marriage of his Daughter, fent from the Engiiih Arabaffadon Folk. ^ Sekrrens Comical Ri)mance , or a &cetioi3is Hifto- ry of a Company of Stage-pkytrs *, interwo^, ven with divacfe choice Novels , r^re adven- ture, and amorous intrigues, written-in French by Monfieur Scarron, and now done into Englift* Felio. . > . The Wonders of %he Ttak^ in P^r&j^ire,in Latine and Englifli, by Tho.Hobbes. OUavo. Phriheniffa, a Romante, written by th^ Right Honorable the Earl of Orrerj'. Folio. Clelia, an excellent itew RomaiKe compleat, in five parts. F^fe. - ^-'^ AH Homers ^orki\ Tranflated into Englifli by that great Mafier of the Greek and Englifh Tongues, fold by William Crook. Tongues, Thotnas Hobbes ofMalmsbuiy. Tu;elvef. Together with the Authors life. The life and death of Mahurnet^ the Author of the Turkifti Religion, being an account ofi his -Tribe, Parents, Birth, Nanie, Education, Marifiage, Filthinefs of life, his Alcoran, firft Profelytes, Wars, Doctrine, Miracles, Advancements, &c. by L. Addtfon D. D. and one of his Majefties Chaplains inordinary. A True declaration of the horrible Treafbns by WiUiam Parry Dr. of the Civil Laws, againft Queen Elizabeth ^ hisTryaljConvidion, and Ex- ecution for the fame. The Hiftorians Guide^ or Englands Remembran- cer : being an account of the Adions, Exploits, &c. and other moft remarkable paflages in his Majefties Dominions, from the year 1600 to 1 67 p. (hewing the year , day and moneth each adion was done. An Hijiorical Narrative of Herefte^ and the pu- nifliment thereof,by Tho, Hobhs of Malmsbury. Folio. Mr. Hobbes hvi Life^ written by himfelf in a Latin Poem, and now Tranflated into Englifti. Folio. The fame is in Latin in ^arto. Thefe fix laft are new. Toetry and Plays. The Elegant Poems of T>r. Corbet^ late BilTiop of Norivich. Melpomene^ or the Mufes delight *, being new Poems and.Songs, written by the great Wits of our prefent Age. The Confinement^^ Poem,with Annotations upon lUOdavo. F 2 mit^ A Catalogue of Boo ^s Whitt Vevih or Vittoria Corombona, a Tra- gedy. Old Troops or Mounfieur Kaggou^ a Comtdy. Catalines Confpiracy^ a Tragedy. Amorous Gallant ^ or Love in fafhion, a Co- medy . MockcDmlliji^ or French Valet, a Comedy. Wrangling Lovers^ or the Invincible Miftris, a Comedy. Tom. Effence^ or the Modifti Wife, a Comedy. French Conjurer^ a Comedy. Wits led by the Nbfe^ or the Poets Revenge, a Comedy. Rival Kings^ or the loves of Qrondates^ a Tra- gedy. Conflant Nympb^ or rambling Shiepherd, a Pa- fioral. Counterfeit Bridegroom^ or defeated Widdow, a Comedy. Tunbridge Wells^ or a days Courtfliip, a Co- medy. The Man of New-Mark^t^ a Comedy. lAW. The Jnrifdidions of the At^thority of Courts-Lctt^ Courts-Baron, Court of Marjhalfea'*s^ Court of Pypowder, and Antient Denaefn > together with the moft neceflary learning of Tenures, Effoyns, Imparlances, View,Pleadings,,Contra<3:, Actions, Maintenance, &c. with the Forms of Judicial and Original VVrits^ written by Jo. Kinchin of Grays-Inn Efq, to which is added Brevia Se- ledd^ being a choice Coliedion of ifcei^l Writs. Ocfavo. A faU by William Crook. A Vierp of the Cuftomes and Franchifements of London^ by J Bridal E{q> Praxis Curia Admiralitatis Angliae, Author Franjc, Clarke T^t^elves* The Reports and Cafes of BrotPnlovcf and Golds' borough^ in two parts, ^arto. The Laws of Charitable ufes, by Mn D»lj. Tolio. March his Reports, ^arto. Clerks Manual , a book of Prefidcnts^, in OSlavo. OfficiumBrevium: Seled and approved forms of Judicial Writs, and other *Proce(s, with their returns and entries in the Court o( Common fleas at fFeftminjier •> as alfo fpecial Pleadings to Writs oi Scire facias^ coUeded out of many choice Ma- nufcripts, by feveral eminent Clerks and pradi- fers in the faid Court. Folio. This laft is new. Mifcelanies^ being ^ookf of feveral Suhje&s. Ibe Compleat Vineyard-, or a moft excellent way for the planting of Vines, and making Wine of their Grapes, by W^. Hughs, O^anjo. The deaf and dumb mans difcourfe., being a dif- courfe of fuch as are born deaf and dumb, (hewing i ,.2,hQW they may exprefs the fentiments of their * minds h together with an account of the Ratio- nality ofBeafts. The Compleat Meafurer.^ or a new exad way of Menfuration, by The. Hammond. Rofetum Geometricum^ five Propofitiones ali- quot A Catalogue ofl^okj quot fruflia aiate hae tentata^ e&^c. Iho. Hobbes. Quarto. the Carpenf'ers Kule mack e^fie^ or the Art of meafuring of fuperficics and folids, &c. third 4Editi'oni to .which is added the Art of Gaugc- ing. ■ ' Ihe Flmir-Gardenidarged^Scc. withaTrea- tife of Roots, Plants, &c. in his Majefties Han- tations in America. Trpelves, . T^he Court ofCwiofity v wherein by the Lot, the moft intricate queftions are refolved, and noftur- :nal Dreams and Vifions explained according to the Dodrinc of the Antients s to which is added a difcourfe of Phyfiognon\y, and Charafters of moft of the Countries in E^rc>/>e,Engliftied by jF.G. Gentleman of the Inner-Temple. Irpelves, Second Edition. , Lux Mathematica ^ Excuih CoUifionibus Ja* Wallifii & Tho. Hobbes^ multis & fulgentiffimis auda Radiis, Authore K. R. ^arto. Principia & Problemata aliquot Geometria an-, te defperata, Nunc breviter j^xplicata & demon- ftrata,Auth. "tho. Hobbes. ^arto. American Phyfrtian^ treating of all the Roots, Plants, Shrubs, Trees, Herbs, f^c^ in America^ by W* Hughes. Tn>elves. The Great Law of Nature^ about felf-prefervati- Gn,vindicated againft the abufes in Mr Hobbes his Leviathan. Twelves. Apothegms^ or witty fentences, by Sir Fr. Bacon. 'Twelves. The Golden Rule of Arithmetick^made more eafie than the Common books of Arithmetick are, by C.H. Octavo. A fold by William Grook. A Suppliment^ or third Volume of Mr. jEfciiej his Works, ^arto. A Letter about Liberty and Neceffity, writ by tho. Hobbes to the Duke oiNewcafile^ with Obfervations upon it, by the fate Bidiop of E/y. Ippelves. A Treatife of Weoll and Cattle^ (hewing how far they raife or abate the value of our Lands. ^arto. RefleSions upon Antient and modern Vhitofophy and Philofophers^ Tranflatcd out of French into Englifli. OSavo. Decameron Thyftologkum^ or Ten Dialogues of Natural Philofophy,by tho. Hobbes oi Malmsbwry. To which is added the proportions of a ftraight line to half the Arch of a $uadrant^ by the fame Author. OSlavo. F I N I S. ^'^mmmmmmmill/fli