CANADA 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF MINES 
 
 HON. Locis CODERKE^MINISTER; A. P. Low, DEPUTY MINISTER. 
 
 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
 
 R. W. BROCK, DIRECTOR. 
 
 No. 2, ANTHROPOLOGICAL SERIES. 
 
 Some Myths and Tales of the Ojibwa 
 of Southeastern Ontario. 
 
 COLLECTED BY 
 Paul Radin. 
 
 OTTAWA 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING BUREAO. 
 1914. 
 
 No. 1326.

 
 CANADA 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF MINES 
 
 HON. Louis CODERRE, MINISTER; A. P. Low, DEPUTY MINISTER. 
 
 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
 
 R. W. BROCK, DIRECTOR. 
 
 MEMOIR 48 
 
 No. 2, ANTHROPOLOGICAL SERIES. 
 
 Some Myths and Tales of the Ojibwa 
 of Southeastern Ontario. 
 
 COLLECTED BY 
 Paul Radin. 
 
 OTTAWA 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING BUREAU. 
 
 1914. No. 1326.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 PREFACE v. 
 
 (1) The Nenebojo cycle 1 
 
 (2) Nenebojo and his younger brother 9 
 
 (3) Nenebojo 11 
 
 (4) The birth of Nenebojo 12 
 
 (5) Nenebojo goes visiting 14 
 
 (6) Nenebojo goes visiting second version 15 
 
 (7) Nenebojo and the wild geese 17 
 
 (8) Nenebojo goes hunting 18 
 
 (9) Nenebojo and his brother 19 
 
 (10) Nenebojo and the fox. (Fragment) 22 
 
 (11) An Indian couple and their son 23 
 
 (12) The man who scolded his children 24 
 
 (13) Red-bird 25 
 
 (14) The wicked sister-in-law 27 
 
 (15) The wicked sister-in-law second version 30 
 
 (16) The widow and her two sons 31 
 
 (17) The hare and the wildcat 36 
 
 (18) The two princes 37 
 
 (19) The two princes second version 42 
 
 (20) Turtle's race 43 
 
 (21) Turtle's race second version 44 
 
 (22) The poor grandson / 45 
 
 (23) The man who hunted for lice 46 
 
 (24) The boy who was abused by his older brother 47 
 
 (25) The boy with the magic ball 49 
 
 (26) The boy who was blessed by a serpent 51 
 
 (27) The man who went in search of other people 53 
 
 (28) The man who went in search of other people second version. . . 54 
 
 (29) The bachelor 59 
 
 (30) Big turtle's war party 61 
 
 (31) The man who scolded his children second version 62 
 
 (32) The young boy who lost his way 63 
 
 (33) The women who owned the beaver's head 65 
 
 (34) The women who owned the beaver's head second version 66 
 
 (35) The father who was jealous of his youngest son 67 
 
 (36) The boy who freed the animals imprisoned by the chief 71
 
 PAGB 
 
 (37) The boy who settled the quarrel of the wolf, raveu, and spider... 72 
 
 (38) The woman who married a thunder-bird 75 
 
 (39) Redbird and blackbird 75 
 
 (40) The fox and the Indians 76 
 
 (41) The lazy man 77 
 
 (42) The man who went in search of a wife 79 
 
 (43) The turtle and the thunder-bird 80 
 
 (44) The raccoon and the blind man 80 
 
 (45) The two little boys 81
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 The following myths were collected under the auspices of the 
 Geological Survey of Canada, Division of Anthropology, during 
 the months of March-August, 1912. They were collected inci- 
 dentally to the study of the ethnology and linguistics of the Ojibwa 
 of southeastern Ontario, and this will explain the reason for the 
 unequal representation of the different reservations. They are 
 the only myths that were obtained in English. (As few changes as 
 possible have been made in the English of the Indian informants.) 
 Hence it has been deemed best to publish them separately. 
 
 It had been the writer's intention, in the beginning, to preface 
 this little collection with a study of Ojibwa mythology, but owing 
 to the fact that a large number of collections of Ojibwa mythology 
 still remain unpublished those of W. Jones in the possession of the 
 Carnegie Institute of Washington, D.C., and those in the possession 
 of the Geological Survey of Canada, one from Bois Fort Reserve, 
 Minn., and my own large collection of mythological texts it 
 has been deemed wisest to defer this study until at least the Jones 
 collection will have become available within a year or so. 
 
 Many thanks are due to Mr. Edwin Maness, of Saraia, Ont., 
 who collected a number of myths personally and acted as interpreter 
 throughout my field work. 
 
 (Signed) PAUL RADIN.
 
 Some Myths and Tales of the Ojihwa 
 of Southeastern Ontario. 
 
 (1) THE NENEBOJO CYCLE. 
 Told by Nizibeng,' Sarnia. 
 
 Nenebojo 8 lived with his grandmother. His parents had been 
 killed by a war-party. Around him there lived many Indians, and 
 they all thought he was a mineto 3 , for he could make his corn- 
 stalks yield as many as ten to twelve ears of com apiece. Then, 
 too, in the spring of the year it was known that he never boiled the 
 sap in order to make maple sugar, but he would simply let it dry, 
 and when it was quite dried, then he would have plenty of very 
 white maple sugar. 
 
 It was right near Niagara Falls that Nenebojo was living at 
 that time. There were many animals around him. 
 
 Now the Indians who were living near Nenebojo noticed that 
 he^was very sad, but they were afraid to ask him what was ailing 
 him. This was during the last days of what we call the Flower- 
 month, i.e., April. Finally it chanced that one of the chiefs, 
 while hunting, met Nenebojo sitting on a log crying. So the chief 
 asked what was troubling him, that he had seen him looking 
 sad for a long time already. Nenebojo answered that he was going 
 north and that he would soon abandon the Indians, for he had 
 learnt that a very bad person was coming toward them, and that 
 if this person found a way, he would try to take everything that 
 the people possessed. He, Nenebojo, had, therefore, resolved to 
 leave the place, taking with him his grandmother and all the ani- 
 mals, so that if the newcomer wanted to hunt he would have to go 
 to the north, for all the animals would be taken and kept there. 
 He was also going to pour water into the maple trees, so that there- 
 after the people would have to boil down the sap before they could 
 get their maple sugar; and that likewise thereafter only one or at 
 most two ears of corn would grow on a stalk. Nenebojo then went 
 
 1 Nizibeng is a corruption of Elizabeth. 
 
 2 In this name j is to be pronounced as in French, that is, like a of 
 English pleasure. 
 
 1 This seems to be the prevalent pronunciation of manito east of Sault 
 Ste. Marie.
 
 home and told his grandmother to get ready to accompany him 
 to the north, while he went to climb to the top of a maple tree to 
 pour water into it. Then he went out to pull off some of the ears 
 of corn that were growing on the corn-stalks. He pulled off all, 
 leaving only one or two on each stalk. 
 
 When he was ready to start, he bade good-bye to all the Indians 
 living around there and told them that they would have to work 
 hard for a living, for life wasn't going to be as easy thereafter as 
 it had been when he lived among them; and that, apart from that, 
 the newcomer was going to make it very hard for them. Then he 
 started off, with his bundle and pails. His grandmother was quite 
 some distance ahead of him. 
 
 They walked along until they came to the shores of Lake Erie. 
 From there they proceeded up the Detroit river and along the 
 shores of Lake St. Clair. 
 
 (a) l At Lake St. Clair Nenebojo saw a number of ducks, and 
 he thought to himself, "Just how am I going to kill them?" After 
 a while, he took out one of his pails and started to drum and sing 
 at the same time. The words of the song he sang were: 
 
 "I am bringing new songs." 
 
 When the ducks saw Nenebojo standing near the shore, they 
 swam toward him and as soon as he saw this, he sent his grand- 
 mother ahead to build a little lodge, where they could live. In the 
 meantime, he killed a few of the ducks, so, while his grandmother 
 started out to build a shelter, Nenebojo went towards the lake 
 where the ducks and geese were floating around and around. 
 Nenebojo jumped into a sack and then dived into the water. 
 The ducks and geese were quite surprised to see that he was such 
 an excellent diver, and came closer and closer. Then Nenebojo 
 challenged them to a contest at diving. He said that he could beat 
 them all. The ducks all accepted the challenge, but Nenebojo 
 beat them. Then he went after the geese and beat them too. 
 For a time he was alternately diving and rising to the surface, all 
 around. Finally he dived under the geese and started to tie their 
 legs together with some basswood bark. When the geese noticed 
 this, they tried to rise and fly away, but they were unable to do 
 
 1 In order to facilitate reference, all the special incidents in the 
 cycle will be marked off in this manner.
 
 so, for Nenebojo was hanging on to the other end of the string. 
 The geese, nevertheless, managed to rise, gradually dragging 
 Nenebojo along with them. They finally emerged from the water 
 and rose higher and higher into the air. Nenebojo, however, 
 hung on, and would not let go, until his hand was cut and the string 
 broke. 
 
 (b) He fell down into the hollow of a big tree. There he lay 
 until he heard somebody chopping wood near by. He immediately 
 called for help, and as soon as he was released he went in search of 
 his grandmother. She was waiting for him. He told her all that 
 had happened. "Why didn't you get the ducks?" she said. 
 "You know you never can eat goose, even when you do get it." 
 
 So Nenebojo got ready and started on his journey for the north. 
 He sent his grandmother ahead of him again, as he always did. 
 
 (c) While walking along the river he saw some berries in the 
 water. He dived down for them, but was stunned when he un- 
 expectedly struck the bottom. There he lay for quite a while, 
 and when he recovered consciousness and looked up, he saw the 
 berries hanging on a tree just above him. 
 
 Then he started off again. 
 
 (d) As he was walking along, he suddenly got very hungry, and 
 seeing a deer coming toward him in order to get a drink, he stopped 
 him. "What is the matter with your eyes?" he said to the deer, 
 "they look so very red. They certainly must be quite sore. I have 
 some medicine here for sore eyes." The deer answered that his 
 eyes were not sore, and that that was their natural condition, but 
 Nenebojo again broke in and said, "I never saw them like that be- 
 fore. My eyes were, for some time, in the same condition, but 
 I cured them with this." And he showed the deer some berries 
 he had in his hand. Finally he persuaded the deer to take some 
 of the medicine. He took a handful of these berries and rubbed 
 them in the eyes of the deer. They (the eyes) became very painful 
 and the deer dropped to the ground. As he was rolling on the 
 ground, Nenebojo came along and pounded him with a club and 
 killed him, and after he had killed him, he skinned and dressed 
 him. He then roasted the carcase, leaving only the head for his 
 grandmother. His grandmother, as usual, was far ahead. 
 
 (e) When Nenebojo sat down to eat, he saw a tree near by, 
 and every time the wind blew, one of its branches would screech. 
 Nenebojo didn't like this, and he said to the branch, "Don't you 
 bother me, just when I want to eat, for I am very hungry." But
 
 every time, just before he took a bite, that branch began to screech. 
 Then Nenebojo got up and climbed into the tree to take off the 
 branch that was screeching, but just as he had broken it off, his 
 wrist got caught between two branches and he was compelled to 
 stay in the tree for some time. 
 
 As he hung there, unable to free himself, he saw a pack of 
 wolves running along the river. Before they caught up to him, 
 Nenebojo called out to them to run right on and not look in his 
 direction. When they heard this, the wolves said, "Nenebojo 
 must have something there, for he would not tell us to run ahead, 
 if he didn't." So they all went over there and ate all the deer that 
 had been roasted. When they were finished, Nenebojo said, 
 "Now, go right ahead and don't look up that tree near by." So 
 the wolves looked up and saw the deer's head, hanging in the 
 branches. They pulled it down and ate all the meat that was on 
 it. Then they went away. Just then Nenebojo managed to 
 release that wrist that had been caught, and came down. But 
 he could not find the slightest piece of deer-meat. He turned 
 the head around and around, but could find absolutely nothing. 
 
 (f) Then Nenebojo thought of the deer-brains. So he trans- 
 formed himself into a very small snake and burrowed his way into 
 the head. He ate up all the deer-brains, but when he tried to go 
 out, he found that he was unable to do so. Then he became very 
 thirsty, so he transformed himself into Nenebojo again. But now 
 he had a deer head on his head. With this he went to the river, 
 but there he came upon some Indians, who mistook him for a deer. 
 They gave chase to him and he ran away. In running, he tripped 
 and fell down. His head (deer-head) struck a stone and broke 
 open, and thus he was freed again. 
 
 Then he thought of his grandmother and started off again. 
 
 (g) As he was going for a drink, he saw some white-fish in the 
 river. He asked them if he could go with them. They told him 
 that he wouldn't last long if he were a fish. "Why?" asked 
 Nenebojo. "Because the Indians are always looking for us and 
 you would certainly be the first one to be caught," they answered. 
 "Indeed, I would be very timid,, and if I go with you, they will never 
 catch me," Nenebojo answered. Then he changed himself into 
 a fish.
 
 Not long after that, some Indians came up the stream looking 
 for fish. Nenebojo said, "Now, I am going over to tease them. 
 You all stay here and I will go over there alone. They will never 
 be able to kill me. Just before they try to spear me, I will dive 
 to the bottom of the river, and rise again, a long distance away 
 from them." So he began teasing them and kept it up for some 
 time, until suddenly one of the Indians speared him. The Indian, 
 however, kept the spear in the water until he got to the shore and 
 then he dragged the fish-Nenebojo out of the water. The white- 
 fish said, "That is just what he said. After he would dive, he 
 would not come up for a long time, and would appear a long way 
 off." The Indians took the fish-Nenebojo home with them. 
 However, after they had brought it home, they noticed the fish 
 give sudden jerks and they began to be afraid of it. 
 
 Just before daylight, Nenebojo recovered consciousness and re- 
 membered that he was a fish and that the Indians had killed him. 
 So he got up and found everyone sleeping. "If they wanted to eat 
 me", he said, "they should have done so while they had a chance." 
 
 Then he started again along the river. He walked many days 
 before he found his grandmother. She was sitting on the banks of 
 a creek, almost starving. So he spread something on the ground 
 for her to lie upon, and he started out hunting. 
 
 (h) He saw some ducks in the lake, but he couldn't think of a 
 scheme for capturing them, at first. So he went back to his grand- 
 mother and told her to make a sack for him. "What for?" asked 
 his grandmother. "Never you mind what for," answered Nene- 
 bojo, "you just make it." After she had made it, he went down to 
 the lake near a place where there was a hill. At the bottom of this 
 hill, near the shore, there were flats. He got into the bag and start- 
 ed rolling down the hill. Then he walked up and had a hearty 
 laugh. While he thus rolled down the hill, laughing to himself all 
 the time, the ducks drew closer and closer. Finally one of them 
 became bold enough to ask Nenebojo if he would allow them to 
 roll down the hill just once. But he said, "You go away. Every 
 time I do anything you always come around and bother me." 
 Then he again went rolling down the hill, laughing louder than ever. 
 The ducks asked him again whether he wouldn't let them do it 
 too, so finally he told them to pile into the bag. Just then some 
 geese happened to fly past, and when they saw Nenebojo putting 
 the ducks into the bag, they thought they would watch him. 
 Nenebojo carried the ducks to the top of the hill, but just before
 
 he got to the top, he noticed the geese, so he let the ducks roll 
 down the hill as a sort of bait for the geese. While the ducks 
 were rolling down, Nenebojo ran down making as much noise as 
 he could and laughing all the time. When the ducks landed at 
 the bottom of the hill, Nenebojo dumped them out and told them 
 to go away and not to bother him any longer, while he was playing. 
 Then he went up the hill again and rolled down, always keeping 
 his eye on the geese and ducks, however, and thinking to himself 
 that if one should leave, he would take the other. Every time he 
 rolled down, the geese came closer. He pretended right along 
 that he didn't notice them at all. Finally one of the ducks came 
 to him and asked him if he would let the geese try. He answered, 
 "No." He kept right on rolling down. Then the geese turned 
 around and were about to go away, when Nenebojo told the ducks 
 that the geese could try, if they wanted to. The geese were very 
 glad and turned back. Nenebojo told them to pile into the bag, 
 very closely, for if they were slack then they would be likely to get 
 hurt. So the geese piled into the bag, just as tightly as they 
 possibly could. Then Nenebojo shouldered the bag and walked 
 to the top of the hill. He did not stop there, however, but walked 
 right on to the place where he had left his grandmother. Then 
 the geese, suspecting something, because he had walked so long 
 without stopping, asked him where he was going. But he never 
 answered. Finally, he arrived at the place, and his grandmother 
 asked him what he was carrying. He told her to mind her own 
 business and laid his bag down. Then he told his grandmother 
 to heat some water while he went out to get some more. As 
 soon as he was gone, however, the old woman, wondering what 
 could be in the bag, untied it and out flew the geese in every 
 direction. Nenebojo came running home and paid no attention 
 to the geese, but instead kicked his grandmother all over the 
 place. Every one of the geese got away. 
 
 During the night they stopped there but the next morning they 
 started off again. For three days Nenebojo had to carry his grand- 
 mother on his back. When she was able to walk by herself again, 
 he sent her out ahead as usual, while he went looking around. 
 
 (i) He went toward a point of land projecting into the lake. 
 There he saw some young birds on a pile of sticks, supposed to be 
 a nest. Nenebojo asked them where their mother was, and the 
 little birds said that she had gone away to look for food for them.
 
 Then he asked them what their name was, and they replied, 
 "We are called Those-who-scare-others." Then he turned around 
 and defecated upon them and immediately started for the 
 lake in order to rest, as he had grown tired. When the mother- 
 bird came home, she noticed how yellow the young ones were and 
 she asked them what had happened to them. Then they told her 
 that Nenebojo had come and that he was the one who had made 
 them yellow. When she heard this, she became very angry and 
 started out after Nenebojo. Nenebojo was just taking a nice 
 afternoon nap, when suddenly something started behind him. 
 It was the mother quail. He jumped up and started to run away, 
 leaving all his pails behind him, and to-day those pails are to be 
 found at Kettle point. He didn't stop running until he reached 
 his grandmother. 
 
 He stayed with her for quite a while until he had completely 
 rested himself. Then he sent his grandmother ahead of him again 
 as usual. 
 
 (j) One day, while he was walking along the lake, he saw some 
 ducks in the water. He called over to them and all the ducks 
 were glad to see the mineto. He told them that he was bringing 
 new songs and that he would let them dance while they were learn- 
 ing them. The ducks were very glad to do it. Then he built them 
 a dancing-lodge of branches and leaves, and when everything was 
 ready he picked up his drum and started to sing. All the ducks 
 came in. Before starting, Nenebojo said that the words of the 
 song were, "We are closing our eyes," and that they would have to 
 do that. All the ducks closed their eyes and Nenebojo started 
 to beat his drum and sing, "We are closing our eyes." For a 
 while everything went well. Then some of the ducks began to 
 make a queer noise. "That's very nice," said Nenebojo, "all of 
 you ought to make the same kind of a noise." A gander, however, 
 was just dancing near the door at that time and he was wondering 
 why the ducks made that peculiar sound, so he opened one of his 
 eyes to see what was causing it, and he saw Nenebojo breaking 
 the ducks' necks, just as fast as he could grab them. The gander 
 immediately shouted, "Nenebojo is killing us all," and started for 
 the door. Nenebojo paid no attention to the others, but quickly 
 started for the gander and caught him, just as he reached the water, 
 and today the marks where he kicked him are still visible on the 
 gander's back.
 
 (k) Then he returned to the pile of ducks he had killed and 
 started cleaning them. After that he made a fire, and stuck them 
 into (the ashes?) with their legs sticking out. He lay down to sleep 
 while they were being roasted, and told his anus to keep watch 
 lest anyone come and steal the ducks. As soon as he lay down he 
 fell asleep. Some Winnebagoes were coming along the lake at 
 that time, and when they saw Nenebojo's anus facing them, one 
 of them said, "Surely Nenebojo must have something there, for 
 he would not otherwise lie like that. He generally has his anus 
 keep watch when he is asleep. Let us go very slowly toward him 
 and offer this piece of flint to the watchman so that he will not say 
 anything." When they got very close to him, the watchman 
 started to contract and expand. "Hush, hush, don't tell him, 
 and we will give you this," holding the flint out to him. The watch- 
 man took the flint and kept quiet, and the Winnebagoes took all 
 the ducks and ate them, but stuck the legs back again into the 
 ashes. 
 
 When Nenebojo woke up he pulled one leg out. "Just about 
 done," he said, "I'll eat the legs first." So he thought, but be- 
 fore he ate them all, he began to feel satiated, so he said to him- 
 self, "Why am I eating these legs and leaving the best part of the 
 ducks to burn up in the fire?" So he dug into the ashes, but 
 could not find anything. Then he became angry at his watchman, 
 whom he had especially told to keep a lookout while he slept. 
 He gathered some more sticks and started to make another fire. 
 He was intent upon revenging himself upon the watchman who had 
 accepted the bribe of a piece of flint. After the fire was burning 
 to his satisfaction, he straddled it and burnt himself. When he 
 couldn't stand the pain any longer, he started off on a run. As 
 he passed by some shrubs, he wiped himself. He wiped all the 
 blood and meat off. "Hereafter," said he,"my brothers and sisters 
 will use this as medicine." And to this day the Indians use this 
 shrub as medicine. 
 
 (1) As he walked along for some days, he came across a small 
 path over which some one seemed to have passed before. 
 Nenebojo thought that the man had just about the same 
 size of moccasins as he himself. So he walked on and saw some 
 deer-meat on the path. He picked it up and ate it and found it 
 very good. After a while, however, he noticed that he was track- 
 ing himself and that the roasted deer-meat he had found was his own
 
 9 
 
 flesh that had fallen off as he walked. Then he turned around 
 and went towards the lake, and from there started off on his 
 journey, until he reached his destination. There he must still be 
 living in some underground lodge. 
 
 (2) NENEBOJO AND HIS YOUNGER BROTHER. 
 Told by Robert Paudash, Hiawatha, Rice Lake. 1 
 
 Nenebojo and his brother Po'kwis were living together. During 
 the summer they used to fish and then dry their fish for winter use. 
 
 (a) Nenebojo had his fish stored at his home and so did Po'kwis. 
 In the autumn, as soon as they stopped fishing, they started to eat 
 their winter supply. One day Po'kwis came over to Nenebojo and 
 asked him whether he would be willing to use his own (Nenebojo's) 
 fish first and then, when they had finished these, begin Po'kwis'. 
 Nenebojo agreed to this proposal, and Po'kwis came every day 
 to get food for himself and his family. After a while Nenebojo's 
 supply ran out, and, as it was agreed that when that happened 
 Nenebojo was to use the fish of Po'kwis, he went over to Po'kwis' 
 lodge and asked for some fish. Po'kwis, however, told him that 
 if he wanted any fish he should go out and get some. Day after 
 day Nenebojo went to Po'kwis to ask for fish, but Po'kwis only 
 threw him a few of the leavings of the last meal, telling him to 
 take them to his children. Then Nenebojo became discouraged 
 and stopped going to Po'kwis' lodge. He went out hunting 
 every day after that, but could not kill anything. All he could 
 find were some dried thorn-berries, and these his children and wife 
 ate all winter, until they became very weak and were almost in a 
 starving condition. 
 
 (b) One day, while Nenebojo was out hunting, he saw an arrow 
 drop near him. He went out and picked it up. Then he heard 
 someone calling and saying, "That is my arrow, bring it here." 
 Twice this was said to him before he picked the arrow up. Then 
 looking up toward the hill, he saw a man standing there. When 
 he got near the man, the latter asked him what he was doing here 
 in the woods, and Nenebojo said that he was out here in the woods 
 trying to kill something for his starving family to eat. Then the 
 man told him that he knew all about his (Nenebojo's) wants, and 
 how he had been cheated out of his fish, and that he had come to 
 
 1 This band of Ojibwa is generally known as the Missisauga.
 
 10 
 
 bless him. Then Nenebojo was told to go to a certain lake and cut 
 a chunk of ice, take his bow-string, tie the ice on his back and carry 
 it home. Then he was to put it in a hollow of the ground near his 
 home. In the morning, if he went to the hollow, he would find 
 something to eat. He was told that while carrying the ice home, 
 he was on no account to look back, although he would hear voices 
 saying, "This is Nenebojo. What is he going to do with that ice? 
 Hit him ! Hit him ! Throw him down !" He was told not to take 
 heed of these voices, for if he did, the blessing given by the man near 
 the hill would not be fulfilled. 
 
 In the morning, when Nenebojo went out to see the piece of ice 
 he had brought home on the previous night, he saw a good many 
 fine fishes in place of the ice. He picked them up and took them 
 home, and his wife helped him to clean and dry them. After that 
 they had plenty to eat throughout the winter. 
 
 (c) Just about the time when Nenebojo was starving, Po'kwis' 
 supply ran out, so he started out hunting for food for his family. 
 He had seen Nenebojo going out frequently in search of food and 
 come back in the evening without anything. Now, he was in the 
 same dilemma. Some days after, not seeing Nenebojo, he thought 
 he would go over and visit him. He found Nenebojo at home with 
 plenty to eat. Po'kwis asked him for some, but Nenebojo told 
 him to go out and get his own fish. Po'kwis went home, but 
 returned the next day and asked where he had gotten these fish. 
 Nenebojo told him that he had met a man in the woods and that 
 he had blessed him. 
 
 (d) One day, as Po'kwis was going out in the same direction as 
 Nenebojo, when he was starving and looking for food, he also 
 saw an arrow dropping near him. Then he heard a voice from the 
 top of the hill say, "Thief, thief, you have stolen my arrow, and also 
 Nenebojo's fish. Bring me my arrow, here to the place where I 
 am standing." Po'kwis picked the arrow up and brought it to 
 him. Then the man asked him what he was doing, and Po'kwis 
 answered that he was trying to kill a few animals, so that he might 
 have something with which to feed his family, as all his supply 
 of fish had become exhausted and he had nothing to eat. Then 
 the man told him to go out to the lake, cut a piece of ice, take his 
 bowstring and tie the ice on his back and then run straight home 
 and leave the cake of ice outside his door. When he returned in 
 the morning, he would find something to eat there. He was not, 
 however, to look back while carrying the ice to his home, although
 
 11 
 
 someone would call out, "Thief, knock him down!" After 
 Po'kwis had tied the cake of ice to his back, he started off home. 
 He did not go far, before he heard a voice behind him saying, 
 "Thief, thief, knock him down ! Where is he going with that cake 
 of ice?" Po'kwis turned around to see who was following him 
 but he did not see anybody. He went on again and turned around 
 twice before he got to his lodge. Then he placed the cake of ice 
 outside and went in. He was not in long, before he thought of 
 his cake of ice. So he came out to see what had happened. In 
 the morning, he went out again, but he found only some very 
 small fish. He cleaned these and had to use them all winter, for 
 that is all he got until spring. 
 
 Thus he was taught never to cheat his brother Nenebojo again. 
 
 (3) NENEBOJO. 1 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 (a) Once Nenebojo was living along the river. Walking along, 
 he saw some berries hanging. "I think those berries are good to 
 eat" (he said to himself), so he jumped into the water. However, 
 he could not find any in the water, and then, looking up, he saw 
 them hanging on a tree. Then he said, "I am very foolish." Then 
 he ate them. 
 
 (b) Again he started off along the shore. Again he saw some- 
 thing in the water. They were peaches. So he jumped in. 
 But he hurt himself and blood flowed from his face. Again he got 
 up, he looked upward and saw the peaches hanging from a tree. 
 Then he said, "Indeed, I am very foolish, that I hurt myself." 
 
 (c) Then he started off along the lake again. He saw many 
 swans. "What will I do in order to kill all those swans?" So 
 he thought he would get enough basswood bark to tie (the legs) 
 of all those swans. He wanted to kill all of them. So when he 
 was through making the string, he dived into the water and tied 
 all of their legs. After he tied them all, he tied himself to the end 
 of the basswood bark string. Then all the swans rose in the air, and 
 he rose with them. He was very much afraid when they were 
 up high, so he gave the string a jerk. However, he broke the 
 string and fell away down. 
 
 1 Cf. episodes (a) and (c) of No. 1. 
 (B)
 
 12 
 
 (d) He fell into the hollow of a tree. There he stayed. It was 
 near where some people lived. As some old women were going 
 along, they found a bear living in the hollow of the tree, and they 
 were told by the bear to cover him up with their skirts. "Then 
 you will be beautiful," he said. So they took off what they had 
 on and covered the bear, who was really Nenebojo. After those 
 women were gone, he put on women's clothing, and so he went 
 to the place where the people lived, in the disguise of a woman. 
 He married the chief's son. He lived there for some time, but 
 once, when he got angry, he lost all his clothing, so he ran away. 
 Then the young man who had married Nenebojo died. 
 
 (4) THE BIRTH OF NENEBOJO. 
 Told by Moses Eskimang, Birch Island. 
 
 (a) Once there lived an old woman and her daughter. They 
 used to go across the river to dig potatoes. Once the old woman 
 said to her daughter, "Don't ever face towards the east or west. 
 If you do, you will become pregnant." However, once she went 
 alone and faced towards the west, so she was carried up (by the 
 wind), and she remained there all day. In the evening she re- 
 turned to the place from which she had started. Then she went 
 home, but she did not feel well. "I don't feel well," she said. 
 "You are pregnant," the old woman said, "I forbade you to face 
 towards the west." When the time was up, she gave birth to 
 two boys. The older of the two was Nenebojo. There they stayed 
 with their mother and grandmother. When they grew up, the boys 
 said they would go in different directions. One went above and 
 the other became a rabbit. Nenebojo stayed with his grandmother 
 and took care of her. So he remained at his grandmother's lodge. 
 He used to go out hunting. 
 
 (b) Once, while he was out hunting, he thought of his mother, 
 so he immediately went back to his grandmother and asked what 
 had become of her. The old woman said, "Over there there lives 
 a mineto, and he killed your mother." Then Nenebojo said, 
 "Tomorrow I will go over and kill that mineto." He told his 
 grandmother that he wanted one hundred arrows. (When he 
 got them) he told her to take fifty to an old man living not far 
 from them. Then the old woman took the fifty arrows to the 
 old man and Nenebojo started off for the old man at the same time. 
 He ran very fast and arrived there first. He found the old man
 
 13 
 
 sleeping. He killed him, then skinned him and put the skin on 
 himself. When he got through, he lay down on the old man's 
 bed, waiting for his grandmother. Soon she arrived. She 
 entered the lodge and seeing him (apparently the old man) in 
 bed she said, "You are sleeping." "No, I am not sleeping," 
 answered the old man, "Nenebojo told me to feather fifty arrows, 
 so I lay down before leaving for him." He told his grandmother 
 to hustle back, and he started off too and arrived there first. 
 When she arrived, he asked her, "Is he going to put those feathers 
 on the arrows, so that I can get ready to kill the big-fish (the 
 mineto)?" 
 
 (c) Then Nenebojo startejd off, and when he arrived at the lake, 
 he saw him. He shot at him immediately (i.e., at the big fish). 
 Then he went in (the lodge) and looked for his mother, but he 
 could not find her. However, he saw something suspended. It 
 was the fish's heart. He took it down and killed it, but still he 
 could not find his mother. So he went home and told his grand- 
 mother that his mother was not there. "It must be the other 
 mineto," said the old woman. "I will go and kill him also," 
 said Nenebojo. "Tomorrow I will start out." The next day he 
 started off to kill the mineto. He killed the mineto, and all the 
 people inside the mineto who had been killed came to life again. 
 Some of them didn't know where they had come from. However, 
 he did not find his mother here either. So he went home and told 
 his grandmother that he had seen many of the people whom this 
 mineto had killed, but that he had not found his mother. Then 
 he thought that he would go away. While he was walking, he 
 saw some feathers and he asked them, "My brothers, may I go 
 along with you?" They answered that he could come along with 
 them. So he went with them, looking just like the feathers. 
 So they started off. In the evening they killed a deer and ate it 
 and then they slept. At night one of the feathers twisted itself 
 a little. If a person looked at the feather twisting itself, it would 
 strike him. Nenebojo looked at it, and he was struck. Then 
 it was Nenebojo's turn to twist, and he struck and killed the one 
 who had struck him before. The feathers said, "We will not go 
 with Nenebojo again, for he has killed the feather that was twisting 
 itself." So Nenebojo was left. After he had gone quite a dis- 
 tance, he thought of the one he had killed and thought that he 
 would restore it to life and have it as his son. Then he restored it 
 to life, and thus he had a son.
 
 14 
 
 \ 
 
 (5) NENEBOJO GOES VISITING. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 (a) Once Nenebojo thought he would pay a visit to the Skunk. 
 When he arrived at the Skunk's lodge, he entered it and said, 
 "So this is where you live." "Yes, this is where I live." Then 
 he was given some deer-meat to eat. "I thank you very much, for 
 I am hungry and have no food at home," said Nenebojo. "Well, 
 I'll go home now," said Nenebojo and invited the Skunk to pay 
 him a visit. 
 
 Then the Skunk went over to Nenebojo's lodge to pay him a visit. 
 As soon as the visitor (Skunk) arrived, Nenebojo took his horn to 
 call the (animal) he was going to kill. But, although he tried to 
 shoot it with his anus, he didn't succeed, so he told his wife to 
 shoot it and she killed it. Thus he fed his visitor, the Skunk, 
 and after the meal the latter returned to his home. 
 
 (b) After a while, when Nenebojo was hungry again, he thought 
 he would pay a visit to his younger brother, the Duck. When he 
 arrived at the Duck's lodge, the latter was just cooking some wild 
 rice. Then the Duck defecated in the pail and boiled this together 
 with the wild rice. After the wild rice was cooked, he was given 
 some to eat. In leaving he said to the Duck, "Whenever you are 
 hungry, come over to visit me." 
 
 After a while, the Duck went over to Nenebojo's lodge to pay 
 him a visit. Then Nenebojo told his wife to clean a kettle, so that 
 he could prepare something with which to feed his visitor. So he 
 defecated into the pail, but he merely soiled it, and the pail had 
 to be cleaned again. Then the Duck defecated into the pail and 
 there was a large quantity of wild rice. Then Nenebojo ate and so 
 once again he was fed by the Duck. Then the Duck went home. 
 
 (c) After a while Nenebojo was hungry again, so he decided to 
 visit another of his brothers, the Woodpecker. When he arrived 
 at the Woodpecker's lodge, he said, "So this is where you live." 
 Then the Woodpecker said (to his wife), "We have nothing with 
 which to feed our visitor." Then he jumped on a tree and cried, 
 "Kwe, kwe, kwe!" He pecked at the tree and made a hole in it, 
 and soon he threw down a raccoon. This was boiled to feed 
 Nenebojo. After he had eaten, he thanked the host for giving 
 him such a good meal, when he was hungry. "Whenever you are 
 hungry, come over to my lodge," he said (in leaving).
 
 15 
 
 After a while, the Woodpecker thought he would go and visit 
 his older brother, Nenebojo. When he arrived at Nenebojo's 
 lodge, he said, "So this is where you live," and Nenebojo answered, 
 "Yes, this is where I live." Then Nenebojo climbed up the tree, 
 just as he had seen the Woodpecker do. But instead of sticking 
 the stick he carried on his face into the tree, he stuck it into his 
 face and he fell from the tree. "Indeed, you are very foolish," he 
 was told by the Woodpecker, "some day you will kill yourself 
 through your foolishness." And the Woodpecker laughed at him. 
 Then the Woodpecker went up the tree and soon he had killed a 
 raccoon, and Nenebojo was able to eat another meal. 
 
 (6) NENEBOJO GOES VISITING SECOND VERSION. 
 
 Told by Sam Lute, Chemung Lake. 
 
 (a) Nenebojo was living with his wife and didn't have anything 
 to eat. So one day, he said to her, "I will go and visit the Black 
 Duck. I might get something to eat from him." Then Nenebojo 
 went over to him and they conversed all forenoon. Before he left, 
 the Duck said to his wife, "We must feed Nenebojo before he goes. 
 Hang up your pail, while I get some rice." Then he flew up and 
 seated himself over the pail and defecated therein, and his faeces 
 turned into rice, and they all had a fine dinner. When the meal 
 was over, Nenebojo said, "I think I'll go home now." Then the 
 Duck said, "You saw what I did when I made rice. I will give 
 you enough for three meals." After he had received his gift, 
 Nenebojo started home, and walking along, not really believing 
 what the Duck had said, he thought he would test the value of 
 the gift. So he defecated, and truly there was rice. Nenebojo 
 walked on again, still thinking about the matter. After a while 
 he again tested the Duck's gift, and again he found rice. Soon 
 he tried it again, just before reaching his home. As soon as he 
 entered he told his wife to hang up a pail, for the Black Duck had 
 given him enough for three meals. Then he got on top of the pail 
 and defecated, but instead of filling it with rice, he merely soiled 
 the pail. The old woman said, "You have soiled my pail." "Oh, 
 the Black Duck fooled me," said Nenebojo. "No, indeed," 
 answered the old woman, "the Duck gave you enough for three 
 meals, but you wasted it."
 
 16 
 
 (b) Once Nenebojo visited a Woodpecker, and at about noon 
 the Woodpecker left to get some raccoons for dinner. He went to 
 a tree and knocked against it with his bill, and three little animals 
 about the size of a bee came out. These he threw down, and before 
 they touched the ground they turned into raccoons. Nenebojo, 
 of course, dined with the Woodpecker. Before he started home, 
 the Woodpecker told him that he would give him the power to 
 obtain enough raccoons from a tree to furnish him with three 
 meals. After receiving his gift, Nenebojo left, but he did not 
 believe the Woodpecker and decided to try his power before 
 reaching home. He struck a tree, and sure enough a raccoon 
 appeared. Before he reached home, he had wasted all his power. 
 When he was home, he told his wife to hang up a pail and he would 
 go out and get some raccoons for dinner, but he only hurt his face 
 as he pegged again and again at the tree. When his wife found 
 him, she said, "You wasted the raccoons on your way home." 
 Nenebojo, however, did not believe her, and was positive that the 
 Woodpecker had fooled him. 
 
 (c) At another time Nenebojo visited the Skunk. Just about 
 dinner time the Skunk said, "I am going out now to get some 
 deer." He did not, however, ask Nenebojo to go along with him. 
 After a while he returned with some deer. Then they had dinner, 
 and when it was finished the Skunk told Nenebojo how he might 
 catch some deer. "You must build a fence all around your place, 
 and then whistle. The deer will come into your enclosure in re- 
 sponse to the whistle, and all you have to do then is to turn around 
 and shoot him with your anus." Nenebojo left, and, as usual, 
 wasted his shots on his way home, and when, therefore, he had 
 succeeded in getting the deer into the enclosure, his shots had 
 no effect. 
 
 (d) At another time, as Nenebojo was walking along, he saw 
 a Crow and he said to her, "You go and tell the Eagle that you 
 have found a dead kingfisher along the lake and that he should 
 come along and eat it." The Crow did as she was told, but the 
 Eagle said, "I won't go, for it must be Nenebojo." "The Eagle 
 must have done something to Nenebojo to make him angry," 
 thought the Crow. The Crow then returned to Nenebojo, but he 
 again sent her out to tell the Eagle that she had found a dead 
 sturgeon. The eagle, nevertheless, still fearing that it was 
 Nenebojo, refused to go. The Crow then returned to Nenebojo 
 and again told him about the Eagle's refusal. Then Nenebojo
 
 17 
 
 said, "This time, the Eagle will surely come. Tell him that you 
 have found a dead man along the beach. Now let us go and 
 eat." The Crow told the Eagle, and the Eagle immediately 
 started, never imagining that Nenebojo was the man. As soon as 
 he reached the beach, he started eating the man's back and soon 
 he was drawing out his intestines. He put his head way into his 
 rectum, and no sooner had he done that, than Nenebojo closed 
 his rectum and held his head securely. The Eagle swung his head 
 to and fro for some time. When Nenebojo released his head, it 
 was all white, and his feathers had all fallen off. Today the eagle 
 looks just as he did when Nenebojo released him. 
 
 (e) One day, as Nenebojo was going along the lake, he met a 
 fisher. The fisher was making music as he went along. Nenebojo 
 asked him if he would be able to do that too. "Why, certainly," 
 said the fisher, "Just take a little stone and tie it to your anus, and 
 let it hang out about four or five inches, and then run along the 
 beach." So Nenebojo hunted for a flat stone and tied it to his anus 
 and thus succeeded in making lots of music as he went along the 
 beach. After a while he could hardly stand the pain any longer 
 so he turned around to look for the stone, but found instead only 
 his intestines. He picked them up and retraced his steps and kept 
 on for fully one day, until he found the stone caught between two 
 trees. He gathered up all his intestines, and cut them off close to 
 his anus and threw them up on a rock, and today -his intestines are 
 still seen climbing trees and yielding little red berries. 
 
 (7) NENEBOJO AND THE WILD GEESE. 1 
 Told by Robert Paudash, Hiawatha, Rice Lake. 
 
 One day, after Nenebojo had finished making the earth, he was 
 walking along the lake, when he heard a noise far out about the 
 middle of the lake. (The noise came from a large number of wild 
 geese who were having a dance there). He wanted to get to them, 
 but there seemed no method of doing so. Finally he decided to 
 make a little sack and cross the lake in ii> He thought that in 
 this manner he would best be able to catch these geese. Then he 
 got into the sack. It was made of moose-hair and had many 
 strings attached to it. He kept under the water all the time until 
 he was just about under the wild geese. Then he began tying 
 
 1 Cf. episode (a) of No. 1.
 
 18 
 
 the strings around their legs. When he thought that he had 
 tied the legs of enough wild geese to carry him across the lake, he 
 came to the surface, scaring the wild geese as he rose. They 
 immediately rose in the air. He saw to it that they flew in a cer- 
 tain direction. When they got across the lake, the wild geese 
 were very tired and they had to light on the ground. As soon as 
 they were down, Nenebojo untied them and let them go wherever 
 they wished to. All that he had wanted was to get across the 
 lake. 
 
 (8) NENEBOJO GOES HUNTING. 
 Told by Robert Paudash, Hiawatha, Rice Lake. 
 
 (a) Once Nenebojo was out hunting. He was hunting for lions 
 and beavers. He had been tracking a beaver for quite a distance 
 when he came across a lion's track, so he immediately dropped 
 the beaver's track and followed that of the lion. However, the 
 lion seemed to be getting far ahead of him, so he thought of a plan 
 for trapping him. He piled up many stones at a place through 
 which he thought the lion would pass. This place is at present 
 the hills of northern Ontario. The lion did not, however, travel 
 in that direction, so Nenebojo finally resolved to build a tcis'ki 
 lodge 1 and find out where the lion really was. He soon found 
 out that the lion was on the other side of the hill. There seemed, 
 however, no way of getting across. "There must be a passage 
 through these hills," he said to himself, and sure enough he soon 
 found it. In passing through the opening, his buckskin blanket 
 got wet. Now, when a buckskin blanket gets wet, it never dries. 
 After passing through the opening he took off his buckskin blanket 
 and spread it out on a rock, and the impression of the blanket 
 can be seen to the present day, just at the place where he passed 
 through. 
 
 (b) As soon as he got to the other side, he found the lion in a 
 cave with three or four children that he had stolen from the 
 Indians. Nenebojo went to the opening of the cave and told the 
 lion that if he didn't give up the children, he would kill him, but 
 the lion answered that he would not give them up. Nenebojo 
 then said, "Well, in that case, I will have to get them myself." 
 So he went to the top of the hill, got a sharp stone, and soon he 
 
 A conjuring lodge.
 
 19 
 
 had dug his way into the cave. Then out came a very large white 
 lion. Nenebojo was prepared for him, with his bow and arrow, and 
 soon he had killed him. Then he skinned him and used the skin 
 for his blanket. 
 
 (c) Now he started after the beaver. As he was going along he 
 met a turtle ("skwadese) and he asked him if he had seen any 
 beavers passing by. The turtle said, "I won't tell you." Then 
 Nenebojo said, "If you tell me where they are, I will paint your 
 back and make you look very beautiful." The turtle wanted that 
 very much, so he consented. Then Nenebojo began painting the 
 turtle's back, and when he was finished, the latter said, "You 
 will find many water animals in the river below the hill." 
 
 (d) Nenebojo accordingly went to the river, wondering to him- 
 self how he was going to catch the animals. Finally he changed 
 himself into a tree-stump. Then all the beavers came to the shore 
 to sun themselves. One of them noticed the tree-stump, as he had 
 never seen it before, and said, "That must be Nenebojo." Then 
 one of the beavers went up to the stump and satisfied himself 
 that it was a real tree. Now all lay down and went to sleep. 
 As soon as Nenebojo thought they were all fast asleep, he went 
 out and dried up all the water in the river. Then he came back 
 to where the beavers lay, and told them that the sun was so hot that 
 they must surely be burning. The beavers immediately jumped up 
 and, seeing no river, started off for the mountains. But before 
 they got very far, Nenebojo killed them all. He picked up all he 
 could carry and went home, and he must be eating those beavers 
 still. 
 
 (9) NENEBOJO AND HIS BROTHER. 
 
 Told by Yellow-head, Rama, Ontario. 
 
 (a) Nenebojo was living with his brother in the woods. Every 
 day he went out hunting, while his brother stayed at home. One 
 evening when he returned, he noticed that his brother was not 
 home; so he went out to look for him. But he could find him 
 nowhere. 
 
 (b) The next morning he again started in search of his brother. 
 As he was walking along the shore of a lake, he saw a Kingfisher 
 sitting on a branch of a tree, that was bending over toward the lake, 
 intently looking at something in the water. "What are you look-
 
 20 
 
 ing at?" asked Nenebojo. The Kingfisher pretended not to hear 
 him. Then Nenebojo said again, "If you will tell me what you 
 are looking at, I will make you look very beautiful. I will paint 
 your feathers." The bird gladly accepted the offer, and as soon 
 as Nenejobo had painted his feathers, he said, "I am looking at 
 Nenebojo's brother, whom the water-spirits have killed and 
 whose skin they are using as a door-nap." Then Nenebojo asked 
 again, "Where do these water-spirits come to the shore to sun 
 themselves?" The Kingfisher answered, "They always sun them- 
 selves over there at one of the bays, where the sand is quite dry." 
 
 (c) Then Nenebojo left the Kingfisher. He made up his mind 
 to go over to the lake and wait for the first opportunity of killing 
 the water-spirits. He first pondered about what disguise he should 
 take, so that he could approach them without being detected. 
 "Well," said he to himself, "I think I'll change myself into an old 
 rotten stump." This he immediately did by means of a long rod 
 that he always carried with him. 
 
 (d) When the lions came out of the water to sun themselves, 
 one of them noticed the stump and said to one of the others, "I 
 never saw that old stump there before. Surely it can't be Nene- 
 bojo?" But the one he was addressing said, "Indeed I. have seen 
 that stump before." Then a third one came over to look, in order 
 to make certain. He broke a piece off and he saw that it was rot- 
 ten. So they were all satisfied. They lay down to sleep, and when 
 he thought they were sound asleep, Nenebojo took his staff and 
 struck them on the head. As he struck them, the water rose from 
 the lake. * He started to run away, but the waves pursued him. 
 After he had run for some time, he was met by a Woodpecker, 
 who showed him the way to a mountain, upon which there stood 
 a tall pine tree. He climbed to the top of this tree, and started to 
 make a raft. By the time he was finished, the water had already 
 reached up to his neck. Then he put on the raft two animals of 
 all the different kinds that existed, and began to float around. 1 
 
 (e) After they had been floating around for some time, Nene- 
 bojo said, "I believe the water is never going to subside, so that I 
 had better make land (again)." Then he sent an otter to dive to 
 the bottom of the water and get some earth. However, when the 
 Otter came to the surface, Nenebojo could find no earth in his 
 
 1 The Ojibwa flood myth has here become assimilated to the Biblical 
 flood story.
 
 21 
 
 paws, so he sent the Beaver down. But he also came to the surface 
 without bringing any earth. Then Nenebojo sent the Muskrat 
 to fetch some earth. When he came to the surface, his paws 
 were closed tightly. Nenebojo opened them and found little 
 grains of sand in them. He found some in his mouth too. He 
 took all the sand grains, dried them, and, taking the horn that he 
 always used for calling the animals, he blew the grains into the lake, 
 where they soon formed an island. This he made larger and larger 
 and after a while he sent a Raven to find out how large it was. 
 The Raven never returned, so Nenebojo decided to send out the 
 Hawk, the fastest of all the birds. The Hawk came back after 
 a while and, when he was asked whether he had seen the Raven 
 anywhere, he replied that he had seen him eating dead bodies 
 along the shore of the lake. Then Nenebojo said, "From now on 
 the raven will never have anything to eat but what he steals." 
 After a while Nenebojo sent out the Caribou to see how large the 
 island was. He soon returned, saying that it was not large enough, 
 so Nenebojo blew some more sand into the water. Then he stop- 
 ped making the earth and said, "Tomorrow I am going to give a 
 feast to all the animals. I will make a large leaf-house and invite 
 all the ducks to a dance. 1 
 
 (f) That night he made a leaf-house. (It was his purpose in 
 inviting the ducks) to kill and eat them. So the next morning, 
 when they came, he told them that while they were dancing he 
 would sing a song called "Closing our eyes," and that they were 
 then to close their eyes. So he started to sing, "We are closing 
 our eyes," and the ducks began to dance. While they were danc- 
 ing, Nenebojo wrung their necks, singing all the time. However, 
 after a while he made a mistake and sang "We are opening our 
 eyes," and an old gander who was at the door opened his eyes, and, 
 seeing Nenebojo wringing the necks of his brothers, he yelled, 
 "Nenebojo is killing us." So all those that could ran out towards 
 the lake. 
 
 (g) Then Nenebojo made a fire in the sand, and roasted the 
 ducks he had killed, but as he was very tired from the exertion of 
 creating the earth, he lay down to sleep, instructing his anus to 
 keep a careful watch over the roasted ducks. While he was sleeping 
 someone came and took the ducks, and after eating them, left 
 
 1 This is an extremely peculiar weaving of the duck episode to the 
 flood story.
 
 22 
 
 the bare legs sticking in the sand. As soon as Nenebojo awoke, 
 he looked around for his ducks but found nothing but the bare 
 legs. Then be became very angry, and made a hot fire in the sand, 
 straddled it, and burnt his anus badly. When he could not stand 
 the pain any longer, he started off walking and, coming to a 
 shrub, rubbed himself with some of its leaves and said, "In the 
 time to come my grandchildren will call you (i.e., the shrub) 'red 
 willow' and will smoke you." Then he went towards the north, 
 and that is the last that has ever been heard of him. 
 
 (10) NENEBOJO AND THE FOX (FRAGMENT). 
 Told by Mrs. Eshquab, Georgina Island. 
 
 (a) Nenebojo once lived with a Fox. This Fox used to go 
 hunting every day. Nenebojo warned him not to go near the lake, 
 for he was afraid that some (evil) beings might seize him. How- 
 ever, the Fox continued hunting near the lake, for there was very 
 much game to be found there. 
 
 (b) One evening, when Nenebojo returned, he did not find the 
 Fox at home. He sat up all night waiting for him. The next 
 morning he went over to the lake to see if he could discern the 
 tracks of the Fox. He soon found them and discovered alongside 
 of them the tracks of a Water-spirit. He followed both of them 
 until he saw them disappear in the lake. 
 
 (c) Then he decided to watch the lake and note the place where 
 the Water-spirits emerged to sun themselves on the shore. To 
 this place he returned after a day, armed with his bow and arrows. 
 He turned himself into a rotten tree-stump and awaited the coming 
 of the Water-spirits. Soon they came out of the water. One of 
 them noticed the stump and became somewhat suspicious of it, 
 but on being assured by his companion that the stump had always 
 been there and that he had often rested on it, he became reassured 
 and, together with his companions, lay down to rest. As soon as 
 they were fast asleep, Nenebojo shot and killed all of them except 
 one who managed to escape into the lake badly wounded. Nene- 
 bojo then returned home. 
 
 (d) The next day, as he was walking along, he met an old woman 
 crying. She was carrying some basswood bark tied to her back. 
 On being asked why she was crying, she answered because Nenebojo 
 had killed her mineto. Nenebojo thereupon killed her, and, as
 
 she fell dead, he saw that she was a frog. He skinned her and dress- 
 ed himself in her skin and proceeded to the place where the wound- 
 ed Water-spirit lay. When the relatives of the wounded mineto 
 saw him coming, they all said, "There comes our grandmother." 
 When she (Nenebojo) arrived, she told them that she would try 
 to pull the arrow out of their wounded brother, but that they must 
 all go outside. This they did and as soon as they were gone, they 
 heard the Water-spirit give a fearful yell. They all rushed in, 
 suspecting something wrong immediately. 
 
 (e) Nenebojo ran out and the Water-spirits pursued him with 
 water. Whenever he stopped, even if it were only for a short 
 time, the water would immediately reach up to his neck. He ran 
 until he reached a mountain. Upon climbing this he saw a tall 
 tree on its summit. He climbed to its top, broke off some of its 
 branches, and constructed a raft. He floated around on this raft 
 and told all the animals whom he met to jump on and save them- 
 selves. After he had been on the raft for some time, he decided to 
 create another earth. So he sent an Otter to dive to the bottom 
 of the waters for some earth, but he fainted before he reached the 
 bottom, and came to the surface almost dead. Then Nenebojo 
 sent a Muskrat for the same purpose, and when it came to the sur- 
 face, he picked it up and found a few grains of earth in its claws. 
 He took these and dried them, and then taking his horn, blew them 
 into the lake, where they formed another earth. Then, taking the 
 staff he always carried with him, he made the mountains and valleys 
 and lakes and rivers. After that ne sent the animals out to roam all 
 over the earth and the water. 
 
 (11) AN INDIAN COUPLE AND THEIR SON. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once, it is said, there were some Indians living at (a certain 
 place.) They had a son. Their son said that he would go and 
 look for some other Indians who lived in a different part of the 
 country. The young man wanted to get married, but the woman 
 said, "Wait till tomorrow before you leave for your destination. 
 Those Indians live in the east, and that is where you should go. 
 You must be careful what you do, for that is the only way in which 
 you can save your life." After he was given this advice, he left, 
 going towards the east. In the evening he gathered some mush-
 
 24 
 
 rooms (tc6c'kwedo'). The next morning he started hunting for 
 the Indians, and he continued doing this for ten days. Then he 
 found the place where those Indians lived and he married among 
 them. While he was among them he, the son-in-law, hunted all 
 kinds of animals. He was a very good hunter, and he killed all 
 kinds of game. He was a mid6. 
 
 (12) THE MAN WHO SCOLDED HIS CHILDREN. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once there lived along the river a man who married a woman 
 with a very large nose. The man was a great hunter. After a 
 while they had a son, and he loved him very much. He killed 
 many animals, such as deer and bear. He was really a great hunter . 
 They had plenty of meat. He always scolded the boy, so one day 
 the woman said to her husband, "He'll go away, if you scold him 
 all the time." One day he said to his wife, "I hate those chil- 
 dren." l From that time on the man and woman would fight all 
 the time, and after a while the woman got angry, and told her hus- 
 band that she would go across the river to the place she had come 
 from, and take the children with her. "Well, if you go, I'll go 
 along with you. Tomorrow morning, the river will be calm, and 
 we will be able to get across." 
 
 In the morning she started to cross the river. The man started 
 behind her. When they were in the middle of the river, the wind 
 came up. "If you have any power, try to calm the river," said 
 the woman. "Indeed, if you are not a shaman (midfy, we will 
 perish in the water." Then the man said, "River, be calm!" 
 and it was calm. They got across the river and came to the place 
 where the woman had formerly lived. All the people who lived 
 there came to visit them. Then one of the men said to the woman , 
 "I wonder if your husband and myself had a fight for your pos- 
 session, who would be victorious?" The woman answered and 
 said, "Well, I don't know which one would be victorious." The 
 husband was already angry and he wanted to fight with the person 
 who had spoken to his wife. 
 
 In the morning all the people gathered around to see who would 
 be killed, whether it would be the husband or the other man. 
 When they started to fight, the husband seemed to be getting the 
 
 1 It seems that there were more children than this boy.
 
 25 
 
 upper hand, and he said to his opponent, "Now you spear me first, 
 and then I will shoot you with my arrow." So the former tried, but 
 was unable to spear the husband. Then the latter shot his oppon- 
 ent with his bow and arrow. Some medicine-men asked what kind 
 of a tree had been used in making that arrow. And he told them 
 that he had made it from a kmowakomm/tj tree. 
 
 "Well, he will surely die, if your arrow is made of the wood of 
 that tree." Then the husband was called to give him some medi- 
 cine, and he gave him some medicine, and he died right away. 
 So the other people said, "We had better leave, for if we stay we 
 will all be killed by this man." So they left. Then he told them 
 that they would have the power to do the same. This is the end. 
 
 (13) RED-BIRD. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 There once lived a man near the shore (of a lake). His nephew 
 lived with him. The man was a hunter. This young boy stayed 
 inside the lodge and fasted all the time. The latter was afraid of 
 the mineto who had killed all of his relatives. There were only 
 three left, a little boy, a young man, and their uncle. Only that 
 many lived along the shore. As soon as the young boy was asleep, 
 the young man who was afraid of the mineto used to be fed. 
 One day the little boy thought that he would not go to sleep, but 
 stay awake and see why his uncle always stayed up so late. He 
 watched and saw his uncle feeding (the young man) with some corn 
 soup, and then he knew where the young man was hiding. 
 
 In the morning he asked this young man to come outside and 
 play with him, but he was told that he could not come, for he 
 feared the mineto, an old man who lived across the river and who 
 was killing them all; and that he, the young man, was the only 
 person left living. Then the little boy said to him, "There is no 
 person who has greater power than I, and I will kill this mineto of 
 whom you are afraid." "You haven't enough power to kill him, 
 and he has a dog who can kill anyone." "No, I am the only min- 
 eto," answered the little boy. So the young man went outside 
 with him. Soon they heard the dog moving on the other side of 
 the river, so the young man hid right away and left the little boy
 
 26 
 
 playing along the shore. Then the old man arrived, looking for 
 somebody's tracks, and the boy told him that he was all alone. 
 Then the man said, "This dog never moves unless he sees some 
 person for whom I am watching. He must have seen some one 
 besides you, otherwise he would not have moved." "No, I am here 
 all alone, and you had better go home right away or I will kill 
 you," said the little boy. He was carrying a ball with him. Then 
 the old man immediately returned to his lodge, and his wife asked 
 him as soon as he arrived, "Where is the man who was just now 
 outside of his lodge. Why didn't you bring him?" "Well, I 
 wasn't able to bring him, for I was afraid of the little boy," said 
 the man. "I am not afraid of him," said the woman. 
 
 Then, after a while, the two boys went out again and walked 
 along the shore. Again the dog saw them and barked at them. 
 The man also came and followed the track along the shore very 
 carefully, and soon he found the young man. "Come over to 
 me, to my lodge," he told the young man. "I also will accompany 
 you across the river," said the little boy. "No, I'm not coming 
 after you," said the mineto. "Well, I'm going too," said the little 
 boy. So he got in the boat also. When they arrived there, the 
 old woman was angry, but, the old man said, "I wasn't able to 
 prevent the younger man from coming along. He forced himself 
 right into the boat." 
 
 Then the old man told them that they were to go out hunting, 
 for it was customary for visitors to do so, whenever they arrived 
 at a place. "Now I want you to go and kill a bear who lives on 
 a mountain," said the old man. So the two went to the moun- 
 tain and killed the bear and brought the meat to the old man's 
 lodge. The old woman put the whole bear into the pot and boiled 
 it. The little boy secretly stole pieces of bear-meat from the old 
 woman and gave it to the people, whom the old man was starving. 
 
 The next day the old man again told the boys to go out hunting 
 and kill a raccoon living in the mountains, so that they, the old 
 people, would have something to eat. Then the boys killed the 
 raccoon. When they brought it back, the old man again refused 
 to feed the people he was starving, so the little boy again stole 
 some meat and corn-soup, and fed the people. After a while, the 
 old man got very angry at the little boy for doing this, but the latter 
 only laughed at him, thinking to himself how he could best kill 
 him.
 
 27 
 
 Again, the next day, the two boys were sent to kill a Lion. The 
 old man expected the Lion to kill the boy, but the latter assured 
 him that he would kill it. He started off for the Lion, and when 
 he sighted it, he stopped and said, "Tell me where the hearts of 
 the old man, old woman, and dog are? If you tell me, I will not 
 kill you." And the Lion said, "I will tell you. Over there, in the 
 little lake, there is a white Loon, and he is taking care of them." 
 Then the boy started out looking for the Loon, and soon he found 
 the place where it was living. As soon as he found it, he grabbed 
 it and asked where the hearts of the old man, woman, and dog 
 were. The Loon told him, and then gave him the hearts of these 
 earthly minetos. Then the boy went back, taking the hearts 
 with him, and as soon as he came to the lodge of these minetos, 
 they became frightened. Then he went into the lodge and made 
 the minetos suffer by piercing their hearts. Finally he killed 
 them. After he had killed them all, he threw his ball into the air 
 and said, "Wake up, all ye who are sleeping, lest my ball strike 
 you as it comes down." The people that were dead arose. After 
 the boy had thrown his ball into the air three times, all those that 
 were dead arose, and he told them all to go to their homes, and they 
 did so. 
 
 (14) THE WICKED SISTER-IN-LAW. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once there lived along a river a man, his wife, and two sons. 
 One of his sons was married. The men hunted, killing deer and 
 bear. The older of the two boys was a very good hunter, and he 
 would also skin the animals he killed. He had very much meat 
 stored away. 
 
 One day the daughter-in-law asked her little brother-in-law to 
 go with her and look for some basswood bark which she wanted to 
 use in tanning hide. "Well, I'll go with you," said the little boy 
 and they started off. Then the woman told the little boy to lie 
 down with her, but he ran away, for he didn't want this woman. 
 Then she tore her clothing, and when she got home, she told her 
 husband that the little boy had grabbed her and had wanted to 
 throw her down but that he had not been strong enough and only 
 (c)
 
 succeeded in tearing her clothes. So spoke the bad woman. 
 She was telling a falsehood. But the old people did not believe 
 her. Really, she had only said this because she was ashamed of 
 herself. 
 
 One day the older brother asked his younger brother to go along 
 with him to hunt deer and bear again. "There are many across 
 the river," he said, "and we could bring very much meat and hides 
 home with us." The little boy consented to go along, for he loved 
 his older brother very much. Then they started across the river 
 and hunted there for some time. The young boy, who was an ex- 
 cellent hunter, killed much more game than his older brother. 
 After a while the younger brother said, "We'd better go home now, 
 for we have plenty of meat." The older brother said, "All right," 
 so they started to load the meat into the canoe. Their canoe was 
 completely filled by the meat and the hides. Then the woman 
 said, "We have forgotten our ivy(?) (plma'kwod). You had better 
 go back and get it, and we will wait for you." As soon as the 
 young boy had left, they started across the river. When he got 
 back to the place, they were gone. He saw them a long way off, 
 and he said, "Surely they will kill me, for I have nothing to eat." 
 He left the plma'kwod for which they had sent him back, for there 
 was no one to take it. Then he started off up the river. 
 
 In the evening, as he was walking along, he saw a hollow tree, 
 so he went in there to stay for the night. During the night he 
 heard somebody coming and he was very much frightened, for he 
 feared the wolves would surely eat him. Then somebody spoke to 
 him. It was an old woman. "Truly, you are very pitiable. 
 Come out of that tree and come with me to my home." So he 
 went to her home and she gave him some corn and meat to eat. 
 "Your brother and sister-in-law were very wicked in trying to kill 
 you, but you will surely reach your home." The boy was very 
 glad when he heard that he would reach his home. Then the old 
 woman said, "Tomorrow you will go home and you must take these 
 little dogs with you, so that if anyone wishes to harm you, all that 
 you will have to do will be to tell the dogs to shake themselves, and 
 they will then get very large and will kill the person trying to harm 
 you.r>f As you go along you will meet some men digging along the 
 river. Do not, however, look at them, for they will not bother you. 
 After that you will meet another man with only one arm, one leg, 
 and one eye. He is a mineto, a very old man. After that, as you 
 continue, you will meet the giants. Don't bother to talk with
 
 29 
 
 them, for if you do, they will kill you. They are very large. 
 Now those I have mentioned are the people whom you will meet 
 on your path who can kill you." Then the boy said, "I will not 
 bother with these minetos who wish to kill me." Then the woman 
 added, "The most dangerous time for you will be in the morning, 
 at noon, and at night." He promised to do as she asked. 
 
 In the morning he started off, and after a while he came upon 
 some people digging, and he said to them, "Be careful, people." 
 But they threw more of the clay at him. Then he said to his dogs, 
 "Shake yourselves!" and they did, and became large. Then he 
 sent the dogs towards the people and they killed all of them. Then 
 he told them again to stretch themselves so that they could be- 
 come small again, and they did. Then he put them back in his 
 little box. 
 
 Again he started off along the river, and again he saw a man 
 dancing and singing: 
 
 Mi'kan, "Ji'kan, Mi'kan, kan, kan (Go fast, Go fast, Go fast, fast, fast) 
 He was an old mineto. Then the young man told his dogs to 
 shake themselves, and they got larger, and killed the old man. 
 Then he told his dogs to stretch themselves again, and they be- 
 came smaller. 
 
 Then he went on again in the direction of his home, and soon he 
 saw a big snake. Again he told his dogs to stretch themselves and 
 kill the snake, and they did so. 
 
 In this way he killed all the minetos the old woman had told 
 him he would meet. He kept on going up the stream. The 
 river was getting smaller right along. As soon as the river be- 
 came very narrow, he sent his dogs home and he himself swam 
 across. In the evening he was not far from his home. After a 
 while he met a woman, and she said to him, "I will go with you 
 to your home," and she accompanied him. After they had arrived 
 home and entered the house, the woman accompanying him said, 
 "The boy who was left on the other side of the river while hunting 
 has returned." Then the boy's parents looked towards the door 
 and saw that their son had returned. They were very much 
 overjoyed, for they had believed him. 
 
 This is the end.
 
 30 
 
 (15) THE WICKED SISTER-IN-LAWSECOND VERSION 
 
 Told by Mr. Fisher, Muncie. 
 
 Once a man, his wife, and three sons lived along a big lake, and 
 they used to hunt and fish every day. They dried and stored up 
 much meat. Soon the oldest son got married. He lived not far 
 from his father's house, so that they could go hunting together. 
 
 One day the son's wife asked one of the younger boys to go with 
 her into the woods. When they got there, she asked him to lie 
 down with her, but the boy ran away. Then the woman tore her 
 dress and ran home, and when she arrived there and they asked 
 her what was the matter, she said that the boy had held her in 
 the woods and she had escaped. As the boy, however, had come 
 home before her, they did not believe her. Ever after she disliked 
 that boy. 
 
 In the autumn she again asked the boy to go across the lake with 
 her to get some things in the woods. They went to the woods and 
 killed much game, and when they had the boat full of meat and 
 hides, they started to return. After they had gone quite a way 
 the woman said that she had forgotten a vine in the woods, 
 which she had intended taking home. They turned back, and 
 while he was gone after the vine, she rowed away, leaving the boy 
 in the woods. 
 
 The boy walked about looking for something to eat, but he could 
 find nothing but a few nuts. In the evening he thought he would 
 try to get home by walking around the lake. He started off and 
 walked until he came to a hollow tree. He decided to sleep there 
 and continue his journey in the morning. During the night he 
 heard someone coming toward the tree. He got somewhat 
 frightened, for he did not have his bow and arrow with him. 
 
 He looked out and saw an old woman standing there. She 
 told him she was looking for him, and that she knew that he had 
 been left there all alone, and that she was going to help him to 
 get home. 
 
 He went to the old woman's house that night, and in the morn- 
 ing, when he was starting off, she gave him a little box which held 
 two little doge. She told him that if he was to meet any wolves 
 on his way, all he had to do was to open the box and tell the dogs
 
 31 
 
 to grow larger. The dogs would then become very large and kill 
 the wolves. She also told him that if he was to pass some giants 
 dancing, he was neither to speak nor to look at them, for the 
 dogs could not conquer them. 
 
 The boy started off, but had not gone far when he saw a pack of 
 wolves coming towards him. He opened his box, let the dogs out, 
 and soon the wolves were all dead. Then he put his dogs back into 
 the box again. After walking all day he came to a house. He 
 walked in, as he had been told, and found his supper waiting and 
 a place to sleep in. 
 
 Next morning, after he had had his breakfast, he set out again 
 and walked all day. In the evening he came to another house, 
 but saw that the giants were in possession of it. He pulled out 
 his box, told the dogs to get big, and then sent them to kill the 
 giants. At daylight all the giants were dead and also one of the 
 dogs. He tried to put the other dog back into the box, but could 
 not, so the dog had to walk behind him. As the dog was very slow 
 and tired, he was very much delayed, and it was not until evening 
 that he met a woman who took him home. He found that all his 
 folks were out looking for him, so he stayed in the house alone. 
 He is living there yet. 
 
 (16) THE WIDOW AND HER TWO SONS. 1 
 Told by Nizibeng, Sarnia, Ont. 
 
 There once lived a woman alone with her two sons. Very often 
 she would get very lonely. One day she resolved to take her 
 two little boys and go far away to the woods. The three of them 
 thus walked for quite a while, until they found a place where they 
 could stay and settle. 
 
 The boys went out hunting every day. One day on their return 
 they found their mother reading some letters, and they asked her 
 to let them see them; but she refused. Neither of the boys could 
 read or write, and the mother wished to keep them uneducated. 
 
 The boys continued hunting as usual. One day they noticed a 
 little red bird, so they chased it and finally they found the alphabet 
 written under its wings. They took it home, but their mother took 
 it away from them. She told them, however, that if one were to 
 
 1 Probably of European origin.
 
 32 
 
 eat the head of this red bird, one would find silver under one's 
 pillow every night; and if one were to eat the heart, one would find 
 gold. Then she tied the head and heart together and told the 
 boys never to touch them, for otherwise she would kill them. 
 
 One day, when their mother was out, the older boy said to his 
 brother, "You swallow the heart of the red-bird, for you killed it, 
 and I'll eat the head." Then their mother came back and she im- 
 mediately noticed that the heart and head of the red-bird were 
 gone, so she got very angry and drove the boys away. 
 
 The boys went away, not knowing what place they would finally 
 reach. They travelled for a long time, until they came to 
 the end of a long town where they met a very old man. He asked 
 them where they were going, and the boys told him that they 
 didn't know; so he told them to come along with him and that he 
 would take care of them. The boys were only too glad to accom- 
 pany him and have a home again. The man sent them to school 
 until they were grown up. The older boy wanted to pay him 
 right along, but the younger one objected, telling his brother not 
 to touch their silver and gold until they were ready to go away. 
 They had accumulated very much silver and gold since leaving 
 their mother's. One morning they decided to leave, so they paid 
 the man all that was due him. The old man wondered very much 
 where the boys had obtained the money, so he persuaded them to 
 stay with him and become his heirs; but the boys were bent on 
 leaving, so they bade him goodbye and wandered around the town 
 all day. 
 
 The next morning they filled their pockets with money again. 
 The older boy then told his brother that he was going to look for 
 the princess, who wanted to get married, so they parted, one going 
 in one direction, the other in the other. Before parting they 
 promised to meet again some day. 
 
 The older boy started off towards the town where the princess 
 lived. When he arrived there, they would not let him in. They 
 also told him that the princess had gone away. Then he returned 
 to the woods, where he found a log-house in which he lived for a 
 long time. He resolved to die there, now that the princess was 
 gone. 
 
 One day a mountain-lion walked right into the house and sat 
 next to him. He was very much scared. After a while the lion 
 raised its paw and placed it on his thigh,Jand when the man looked
 
 at it, he saw a large sliver in the paw. So he pulled it out. The 
 lion then went to a corner of the room and sat down. The next 
 morning the lion went out but told the young man to stay at home 
 all day. In the evening he returned with some meat. In this 
 way the two lived together for some time, but one day the lion left 
 and never returned. 
 
 Shortly after this, the older boy heard that the princess had re- 
 turned to her home, so he immediately started out for her palace. 
 When he arrived there, he was told that he would never be able to 
 reach the place where the princess was staying, for behind the second 
 door that he would have to pass through, there was a den full of 
 lions. The young man, however, told the people that he was re- 
 solved either to die or marry the princess. So he went in search 
 of her. After he opened the first door, he heard the roar of the 
 lions. These lions were never fed by anyone, but lived exclusively 
 on whatever prey fell into their hands. When he opened the second 
 door, he saw a large white lion. This lion immediately recognized 
 him, for it was none other than the one who had lived with him for 
 so long a time. He had been captured the last time he left the 
 house, and that is why he had not returned. The young man was 
 able to pass through the den of hungry lions without a scratch. 
 When he asked for the princess, they told him that she had gone 
 toward the east. "I will chase her, then, and catch her," said the 
 boy. "You will certainly be killed before you catch her," they 
 said. 
 
 The boy started off in pursuit of the princess, and travelled for 
 many days until he came to a house. He entered, but found no 
 one at home. After dark a woman came in and was very much 
 pleased to find a guest at home. He asked about the princess and was 
 told that she had passed three days ago. This woman, however, had 
 been waiting for this man for some time. Before he went to bed, 
 she told the man to drink something she handed to him, and that 
 all those who ever stayed with her always drank it. The boy 
 drank what she gave him, and the woman went out. 
 
 Seven years this man lay there, and when he came to himself, he 
 found that the house in which he was lying had almost rotted 
 away and that his clothes were in shreds. He remembered that 
 he had started off in pursuit of the princess, so he immediately 
 continued his journey. After a number of days, he came to another 
 house. It was evening when he entered it, and there he found the 
 same woman who had caused him to lie in a stupor for seven years.
 
 34 
 
 Before going to bed, he was again offered a beverage, but he grabbed 
 hold of her and made her drink it, and she fell dead. The young 
 man stayed in the house over night. The next morning he was 
 ready to start in pursuit of the princess again. After walking 
 for some time he came to a little lake. Near this lake was a 
 house on the summit of a hill. He went over to inquire about the 
 princess, and he was told that she had passed by years and years 
 ago; that she had walked across the lake, but that he would never 
 be able to cross it unless he was able to get a certain very large 
 bird to take him across. For this bird, he was furthermore told, 
 he would have to kill ten deer and feed half of each to the bird, 
 while he was to keep the other ten halves. 
 
 The next morning he went hunting and before night he had 
 killed his ten deer. He stopped over night with the man he had met 
 in the house on the hill, and the next morning he got ready to cross 
 the lake. He was tied to the Thunder-bird, who was to carry him 
 across. He himself carried a knife, so that he could cut a piece of 
 deer-meat for the bird whenever he cried for some. Away they 
 went across the lake, and he fed the bird with deer-meat whenever 
 he cried for some. As they got near the shore, the bird began to 
 cry for meat so frequently that the man's supply soon gave out. 
 So when all his deer-meat was gone, he cut a piece of flesh from his 
 own body. Soon he cut another piece, but when the Thunder-bird 
 cried for the third time and the man could not give him any more, 
 he threw him down and he fell on the beach of the lake. 
 
 Soon he got up and began to go in search of the princess again. 
 After wandering around for some time, he came to a house in which 
 he found a man. He inquired for the princess, but the man told 
 him he didn't know where she had gone; that he, however, had 
 ten sons and one of them might know. Then he called over nine 
 of his sons, one after the other, but they did not know. Soon 
 after that a crash of thunder was heard, and the youngest of his 
 sons came in. They asked him whether he knew where the prin- 
 cess lived whom he had taken across the lake many years ago, and 
 he answered that he had just come upon her boats to-day and that he 
 was going over to visit her and would be quite willing to take the 
 man along with him. When the Thunder-bird (i.e., the youngest 
 son) was ready to start, they tied the young man to him. At first 
 they flew very slowly, but gradually they went so fast that all that 
 the man saw of the earth was a thin strip of land. It took a long 
 time until they arrived at the end of the village, where the princess
 
 35 
 
 lived. The man landed and immediately inquired for the princess. 
 When he came to the house where she lived, he was told that the 
 princess had just recently married. However, when the princess 
 saw him, she ordered her husband to be thrown into the den of 
 lions, and she married this man who had pursued her all his life. 
 
 One morning, some time after this, when the princess awoke, 
 she saw a pile of gold under her husband's pillow, and she asked 
 him where all the gold came from, and he told her how he had 
 swallowed the red-bird's heart. The woman then schemed how 
 to get the heart from the man; so she gave him something that 
 would cause him to vomit, and as soon as the bird's heart came up, 
 she grabbed it and swallowed it and ordered her husband to be 
 thrown out of the house and taken to a lonely island to starve. 
 There the young man stayed a long time without anything to eat 
 or drink. One day, as he was walking around the island, he found 
 some plums which tasted very sweet, so he gathered a large quantity 
 of them and preserved them in boxes. Shortly after this he found 
 some more plums, of a larger variety. Whenever he ate the large 
 plums, his nose would enlarge, and whenever he ate the small 
 ones, it would contract again. Whenever he got lonely, there- 
 fore, he would amuse himself by playing with his nose. 
 
 One day he saw a boat far out on the sea, and as soon as it came 
 nearer to the shore, he motioned to it with his arms, and some of the 
 crew came to the island. He gave them some plums and then asked 
 them whether they would take him to the land where the princess 
 lived, but they were afraid. However, he gave them so many plums 
 that they finally consented to take him there. He wanted to 
 revenge himself on the princess for what she had done to him. 
 
 When he landed, he paid all the crew handsomely and they un- 
 loaded his cargo. He soon found a place to live in, at the end of 
 the village, and every day he would go around the village selling 
 his plums. One day he sold some to the guards of the princess's 
 palace and this guard evidently told the princess about them, for 
 when he came the next time he was told that she wanted some. 
 He gave her some of the small sweet plums, and she liked them so 
 much that she asked him to bring some more the next afternoon. 
 The next day he brought some of the larger ones. "These larger 
 ones are much better," he said to her, "and I kept them especially 
 for you." He had, however, put some sort of a poison in them 
 which would make her vomit. As soon as she ate them, her nose 
 began to elongate and she began to vomit. The man stood near
 
 by, and as soon as the woman vomited the bird's heart, he grabbed 
 it, swallowed it, and started for the door. The princess called to 
 him to come back and promised to marry him if he stayed, but he 
 answered that he had no desire to marry a long-nosed woman. 
 
 He left the country, and after a long journey came to a town 
 which was about to be attacked by a very powerful king, a king 
 who had never been defeated in war. He volunteered to meet 
 and defeat him, for he too had never been defeated. So he asked 
 for a horse and a sword and rode out to meet the invader. The 
 two armies met and he was about to raise his sword to strike the 
 king, when he recognized in him his brother, and instead of fight- 
 ing they returned to the town and are living there still. 
 
 (17) THE HARE AND THE WILDCAT. 
 Told by Mrs. White Loon, Muncie, Ont. 
 
 A Hare was once walking along the road. Suddenly he met a 
 Wildcat. Now the Hare and the Wildcat had always been bad 
 friends, for the former always fooled the latter. The Hare had 
 gone much farther away from his home than he generally did, and 
 he had come upon the tracks of the Wildcat long before he met 
 him. On seeing him the Wildcat said, "Well, where are you going?' 
 And the Hare answered, "I am going to the place where the 
 wrinkled-face lives." The Wildcat became angry, because he 
 thought he meant him, and asked him again, "Hare, where are 
 you going?" He received the same answer, "Where the wrinkled- 
 face lives." The Wildcat then continued on his way until he 
 came to a little stream. He wanted to drink some water, so he 
 bent down to take some, but as he tasted it, he made a wrinkled 
 face, for the water was bitter. Then he thought of what the Hare 
 had said, that he was going to the place where the wrinkled-face 
 lived; so he immediately ran after him. The Hare, however, 
 escaped into the hollow of a log, and after placing some marbles 
 inside of the log, he ran out again. The marbles had been in- 
 structed to move about as soon as the Wildcat looked in. 
 
 The Wildcat followed the Hare's track and soon came to the log. 
 He peeped in and thought he saw the Hare sitting inside, so he 
 said, "I'll get even with you now." Then he plugged the hole in 
 the log, gathered some leaves and branches, and set fire to them. 
 After a while he heard an explosion. "What is that exploding,
 
 37 
 
 Hare?" he asked. "It is one of my eyes," answered the Hare. 
 After a while another explosion occurred and the Wildcat asked 
 again, "What is that exploding, Hare?" "The other eye," an- 
 swered the Hare. Then another explosion was heard. "What is 
 that exploding, Hare?" "My intestines," answered the Hare. 
 Just as these last words were said, the real Hare, who was watching 
 the Wildcat from the distance, ran up to him and shoved him into 
 the fire. His face was burnt, and that is why the Wildcat to-day 
 has a wrinkled face. 
 
 (18) THE TWO PRINCES. 1 
 Told by White Loon, Muncie, Ont. 
 
 Once upon a time, there lived in a large town a prince who had 
 many soldiers. (This prince had two minetos whom he kept 
 imprisoned on an island not far from the town). This prince had 
 two sons, who were always roaming around the town, and never 
 staying home. They would leave early in the morning and not 
 come home until late at night. 
 
 One morning, as they left their father's house, they noticed all 
 the people crying. They were worried about this all day, and when 
 they returned in the evening, they asked a young girl, whom they 
 found lying in the road crying, what the trouble was. She answered 
 that the prince was going to feed his two lion-minetos with human 
 beings, and no one knew who was to be fed to them. One of the 
 lion-minetos was black and the other white. 
 
 When the two men heard this, they resolved to go over and free 
 the minetos before morning; so the older one went to his father 
 and asked for the key to the boat-house, as he and his brother 
 wished to go on a journey early the next morning, and that the 
 reason he was asking for it now was because he didn't want to 
 bother him so early in the morning. The prince loved his two sons 
 very much and gave them the key. 
 
 At night the man, with a lantern, went over to the island. One 
 old woman, who was living at the end of the town, saw the light 
 that night, where it went, and when it reappeared. 
 
 1 Probably of European origin.
 
 38 
 
 The day the king went over to feed the lions, he found them 
 gone. He became very angry and called all the princes together, 
 but none of them seemed to know what had happened to his 
 minetos. Then he called all the rich people together, but 
 none of them knew anything of the whereabouts of his minetos. 
 Then he called all the poor people together. Among these was an 
 old woman. She said that she had seen a light come from the 
 king's house on a certain night; that this light had been carried 
 over to the island, and it was not before dawn of the following day 
 that it had returned. Then the king knew that his own sons had 
 freed his minetos. The king then said, "Tomorrow my sons shall 
 be beheaded." That evening, when the two sons came home, the 
 king told them that he was going to give them a great feast the 
 following day and that he wanted them to be home at noon. The 
 sons were delighted at this, for they thought that he now intended 
 giving them their share of his kingdom. Before they left in the 
 morning, however, they met the girl whom they had found in the 
 road, the night they had freed the lions, and she told them that 
 the king was going to behead them for freeing his minetos and that 
 it was for that reason that he wanted them at home at noon. 
 
 Thereupon the young men decided not to return home any more 
 and immediately started off upon a journey. They travelled to- 
 ward the east in the hope of reaching a village soon. 
 
 When the king found that his sons were missing, he sent his 
 soldiers out to look for them, but nowhere could they be found. 
 
 After the king's sons had been walking for quite a while, the elder 
 became very tired and the younger had to carry him, until they came 
 to a little house near a river. They entered the house and found a 
 very old man chopping wood there. They asked him for something 
 to eat, for they were almost starved. He told them that they could 
 share the meal he was just cooking. He stayed in this house, he 
 said, only when he came ashore. When the meal was ready, they 
 ate heartily. 
 
 They stayed with the old man that night. In the morning, after 
 they had something to eat, the old man said, "We will leave here 
 now and I will go with you a short distance." The boys did not 
 like to leave the little house, for they had nowhere else to go. 
 However, they could not remain, for no sooner had the old man 
 closed the door, than the house vanished. Then they became very 
 frightened, but, nevertheless, they walked with him, never saying
 
 a word. When they got to the river, the old man stopped, saying, 
 "I will not go any further, but before I leave you, I will give you 
 this ring; it may help you when you are in need. I wish to help 
 you, for you released me when I was imprisoned. Now look at 
 me." Thereupon the old man jumped into the water and became 
 a very large white lion. 
 
 The two young men now started off again. The younger one 
 had received the ring. After walking a short distance, the elder 
 became so tired out they they had to stop by the road-side and 
 stay there for the night. In the morning, by means of the ring, 
 they got something to eat. 
 
 After they had thus travelled for two days, the elder brother 
 decided that, as the country about them looked beautiful and fer- 
 tile, they might as well settle there. "Just as you say," said the 
 younger one, and he proceeded, by means of the ring, to found a 
 large city with a castle in it. The other brother with the aid of 
 the ring, filled the city with people and with soldiers, after the 
 manner of the city from which he had come. 
 
 Having now everything they possibly could wish for, they lived 
 in this city quite contentedly for some time. One day the younger 
 man noticed that his brother was very sad. He asked him why 
 he was so down-hearted. The elder thereupon answered that he 
 was dissatisfied, because he thought that he, being the elder, ought 
 to have the ring. The younger brother then said, "As this ring 
 was given to me, I am supposed to keep it." The older brother, 
 having been refused, became ill and took to bed. Finally the 
 younger brother gave him the ring, not, however, the real ring, 
 but an imitation one. As soon as the older brother got the ring, 
 he was up and about again. Soon, he decided to part from his 
 brother. So one day, taking the ring with him, he told his 
 brother he was going away, to start a kingdom of his own. 
 
 He started off eastward and soon got lost. However, he kept 
 straight on, eating nothing for two days until he became very hungry. 
 He wished for food, but the ring would not obey. He grew very 
 weak, when, finally, he sighted a house. He went in and asked 
 for food. The only person in the house was an old woman, who, 
 unable to walk, was crawling on the floor. As she could not give 
 him the food, he helped himself. When evening came, he was about 
 to start off again, but the old woman told him to stop with her until 
 morning, as there were some minetos nearby.
 
 40 
 
 In the morning, the old woman, picking up her crutches, told 
 him that she would walk with him until he had passed the minetos. 
 When they were about to part, she gave him a small box, which 
 she said would help him when he was in trouble. 
 
 This box contained a horse and a sword. All he had to do was 
 to rub the horse down, and it would become a big horse, and to do 
 the same with the sword. 
 
 The young man now threw the false ring away and again started 
 off on his journey. He walked for many days, and when he be- 
 came very tired, he took his horse and sword and rubbed them down 
 until they became large. Then he wished for clothes like those 
 his father wore, and these he immediately got. He put them on 
 and, like the king, started off on horseback, with his sword swing- 
 ing at his side. 
 
 Soon he came to a spot where he found a man cutting down 
 trees. He jumped off his horse and put both it and the sword 
 back again into the box, at the same time changing his new clothes 
 for the old suit he had worn before. It being noon-time, he went 
 with the wood-cutter to his home and there ate dinner. After 
 dinner the wood-cutter went back to his work, leaving him in the 
 house all alone. In the evening he invited the wood-cutter in 
 for supper and laid before him finer food than is even found at the 
 king's table. As this occurred again the next evening, the wood- 
 cutter became suspicious and on the following morning said to the 
 young man, "I am going to the city this morning to get something 
 to eat." Whereupon he jumped upon his lame, white horse and 
 started off. 
 
 The wood-cutter went straight to the king and told him that 
 there was a man at his house who ate finer food than the king 
 himself, but that he did not know who the man was. The king 
 told the wood-cutter to tell the man that he wanted to see him. 
 Away went the wood-cutter on his white horse, reaching his home 
 when it was quite dark. He told the stranger that the king 
 wanted to see him. "Why does he want to see me?" said the 
 young man. "I don't think I'll go." Thereupon the wood- 
 cutter again set out to see the king, whom he again told of the 
 splendid meals that the stranger was eating, and also that the 
 stranger had refused to come to see him. This made the king very
 
 41 
 
 angry and he said to the wood-cutter, "Go back and tell him that 
 if he does not come, I'll have to send the soldiers after him." 
 When the stranger heard what the king had said, he said to the 
 wood-cutter, "Well, if he wants to fight, I am ready. I don't 
 suppose he can beat the two of us." So the following morning 
 the wood-cutter told the king that the stranger was ready to 
 fight him. "Then," said the king, "tell him I will meet him half 
 way tomorrow at noon." When this was reported to the young 
 man, he said, "Well, we will go, and you will ride on ahead." 
 
 The young man now started making horses and soldiers, flags, 
 and cannon. Before long he had a very large and grand army. 
 The wood-cutter, in the meanwhile, not wishing to fight the king, 
 went to sleep with the intention of oversleeping the time set for 
 the battle. But the young man woke him, saying, "Here, get up, 
 have something to eat, and here are some clothes for you to put on." 
 Then the wood-cutter got up and prepared for the battle. 
 
 The young man led the grand army, and when they sighted the 
 king's army, he turned to the wood-cutter and said, "I will go 
 back now and you will go forward to meet the king. Ask him how 
 many soldiers he has, and if he asks you how many you have, tell 
 him just twice the number." 
 
 The king instantly recognized the wood-cutter as the man who 
 had told him about the stranger. "Where is your leader?" said he. 
 "He is some distance away," answered the wood-cutter. ."Tell 
 him I want to see him," said the king. Then the wood-cutter 
 rode back to get the stranger. When the two men came up, the 
 king said, "Now we will see who has the longer sword." The 
 young man began rubbing down his sword, and it proved longer 
 than that of the king. Then the king pulled out another sword 
 and measured it on the ground against that of the young man, 
 and this one again was many marks longer. Then the king got 
 angry and he was just about to strike the young man, when he 
 recognized him as his own son. "Bless me, my son, bless me," 
 said the king. "You were not going to bless me, when you invited 
 my brother and me to a dinner, where you intended cutting off 
 our heads for freeing your lions." But the father, by offering his 
 son his entire kingdom, finally persuaded the former to bless 
 him. 
 
 Now the king's son is still ruling in his father's kingdom.
 
 42 
 
 (19) THE TWO PRINCES SECOND VERSION. 
 Told by Mr. Fisher, Muncie. 
 
 There was once a chief who had two sons and was very rich. 
 The sons never did anything but stand around and order the ser- 
 vants about. When the chief found out that the servants left 
 on account of the sons' harsh treatment of them, he decided to 
 speak to them. As soon as the sons came home in the evening, 
 the chief told them that he wished them to be home the following 
 day at noon, as he intended dividing his property and army between 
 them. But he really intended to behead them. 
 
 On the following day, when the boys were out, they met an old 
 woman who told them why the chief wanted them to be at home at 
 noon. So the boys decided that they would not return but go to 
 a different village, where their father would not be able to find them. 
 Before they left, the old woman gave the younger boy a little box 
 containing a piece of silver and a sword, which he was to use any 
 time he wished to make anything. 
 
 The boys walked for many days until they became very hungry. 
 Then the younger boy ordered a table to appear, spread with as 
 many good things to eat as their father was accustomed to eating. 
 After the boys had eaten their meal, they wished for a house, for 
 they were very tired. In the morning they started off again, 
 walking five days, and came to a house where an old man lived. 
 They asked him if they could stop with him, and that in return for 
 this they would give him food. 
 
 One day the old man said, "There is a giant not far from this 
 place, and the chief says that he will give one of his daughters to 
 the man who will kill this giant. The giant has two heads." So 
 one day, the boys went out to look for the giant, and in the evening 
 arrived at a short distance from his house. Then the younger 
 brother wished for a house in which they could rest for the night. 
 In the morning he rubbed his sword down until it grew to a great 
 length. Then the brothers went after the giant. 
 
 When the giant saw them coming, he rushed out with his war- 
 club in his hand, but the young man raised his sword and struck off 
 both his heads. The older brother then held the heads while the 
 younger fought the body. It was not long before the body of 
 the great giant lay lifeless. Then the two young men, each carrying
 
 43 
 
 a head, went to the chief's house and laid the heads before him, 
 demanding their reward. They said that as they had both fought 
 the giant, they each wanted a daughter. So the chief gave a 
 daughter to each, and when they were both married he divided his 
 army and kingdom between them. 
 
 After the boys had lived here for some time, they decided to 
 visit their father, taking their grand army with them. When the 
 father saw them coming he set out with his army to meet them, 
 but when he noticed the long sword which his son carried, he began 
 to beg for mercy. Then the younger brother said, "You were not 
 going to show us any mercy when you made up your mind to cut 
 off our heads, and now we have come to get the share of the king- 
 dom which you then promised us." Then the father gave half 
 of his kingdom to his sons, and there they are living with him still. 
 
 (20) TURTLE'S RACE. 
 
 Told by George Fisher, Muncie. 
 
 Once a Turtle lived in an inland lake, but stayed on the shore 
 most of the time. The Turtle always believed that there was no 
 one who could fool him. 
 
 One day Nanbush was walking along the shore, when he saw a 
 pike in the water, which he decided to catch. He jumped in but 
 missed the fish, so he thought he would wash his hands and make 
 some soup. He went on and saw someone else in the water. He 
 called out, "Well, my brother, is this where you live?" "Yes," 
 the stranger answered, "This is where I live, and I am the chief." 
 Whereupon Nanbush said, "I never saw you before." Then the 
 Turtle-chief said, "Tomorrow I expect to take part in a race and 
 I am betting my life on it." Nanbush asked him, "Whom are 
 you going to race?" "I am going to race an elk," said the chief, 
 "and now I am going to get ready." 
 
 He placed other turtles around the lake and told them what to 
 do, and then he was ready for the race. 
 
 Nanbush saw the elk the next morning, and it looked very fat 
 and good to eat. He said to himself, "The Turtle will probably 
 give a feast after the race. I will be there and see who will win." 
 Soon they were ready to start. By means of his brother turtles, 
 the chief won and the elk was beaten. Then the Turtle killed the
 
 44 
 
 elk. Nanbush stayed, hoping to get some of this meat, but the 
 Turtle said, "I am going to feed all my children and there will not 
 be enough meat to go around." Whereupon Nanbush proposed 
 that he should carry the meat home for them. The Turtle agreed 
 to this and went home to wait for Nanbush. Nanbush, however, 
 took the meat to his own home and there ate it all. 
 
 (21) TURTLE'S RACE SECOND VERSION. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once a Turtle was resting itself on the surface of a lake, when he 
 saw something strange coming towards him. Not knowing what 
 it could possibly be, he went out to meet it, and when he came 
 close to it, he found that it was a boat. When the men in the boat 
 saw the Turtle, they stopped and asked if he knew of anyone who 
 would race them around the lake. They said that they would pay 
 anyone who would beat them. The Turtle said, "I know one who 
 would beat you." "Would you go and get him?" said the men. 
 The Turtle said, "I am the one." So the men challenged him, 
 but he would only race on one condition, and that was that he might 
 run under the water and go around the lake close to the shore, 
 and in order that they might know where he was he would tie a red 
 ribbon around his neck. The men then asked the Turtle what he 
 would bet for the race, and the Turtle answered, "My life." 
 Then the men said, "Well, tomorrow morning you get ready and 
 come around with that ribbon around your neck, and we will 
 race you." 
 
 During the night the Turtle called together some of his brothers, 
 and tied a red ribbon round each of their necks. Then he placed 
 them a distance apart all around the lake. In the morning the 
 Turtle went to the place which they had picked out as their start- 
 ing point, and found the men already there. When the word "go" 
 was given, the boat started off and the Turtle dropped under- 
 neath the surface of the water. When the Turtle rose to the sur- 
 face again, the boat was right abreast of him, and when the Turtle 
 rose a second time, the boat people noticed that the Turtle was 
 gaining on them. When finally, the last Turtle rose, the boat 
 was only half way round. 
 
 The Turtle won the race and got the reward.
 
 45 
 (22) THE POOR GRANDSON. 
 
 Told by George Fisher, Muncie. 
 
 Once there was a boy who lived with his grandfather, who was 
 very poor. The boy had very little to wear and every time he 
 attended a dance, the other boys made fun of him. So one day, 
 after a dance, he thought he would go out and hunt for something 
 fine that he could wear at the next dance. 
 
 He, therefore, started off without telling his grandfather where 
 he was going. He wandered along for many days without seeing 
 anything and with nothing to eat but a bone. One day, he met an 
 old man, and he asked him where he could find some bears and lions. 
 This old man said, "Come home with me and I will show you 
 where to find them." The boy followed him to the trunk of a tree, 
 and, looking down into the hollow, he saw some young bear-cubs. 
 He was just about to shoot them when he realized that the old man 
 was the father of the cubs. Then the boy climbed down from the 
 tree and ran away. 
 
 While he was walking along, living only on berries, he came 
 to a high hill. On looking down, he saw something white walking 
 along the beach. He shot at it with his bow and arrow. This was 
 the first thing he shot which he could use for making clothes for 
 himself. Upon looking at it, he saw that the white animal held 
 in its mouth a red box containing three small hearts. The animal 
 itself was a lion. He asked the lion to whom the hearts belonged, 
 but the lion refused to tell. Then the boy began to pierce him 
 with his arrow, sending it farther and farther into the lion's side, 
 until finally the lion said that the hearts belonged to a mineto, the 
 mineto's wife and dog; and that these three were killing and eating 
 the people. The boy asked the lion how he could get to the place 
 where the mineto lived. But the lion said, "If the mineto saw 
 you on his island, he would kill and eat you. However, if you want 
 to go, you will have to kill ten deer and then go to the top of the 
 hill, where a big bird is sitting who will take you across the lake. 
 You must feed this bird a piece of the deer every time he makes 
 a noise. Do not tell him why you want to go there." 1 
 
 Cf. episodes in Tales 13 and 16.
 
 46 
 
 The boy killed ten deer and then went to the top of the hill, 
 where he saw a great big bird. He asked the bird to take him 
 across to where the minetos lived, for he was tired of life and wanted 
 to die. The bird said, "I'll take you across, but first you must 
 get ten deer." "I have them," said the boy. "How did you know 
 that you must get them?" said the bird. "As I was coming along, 
 I met a man who told me to get them." Then the boy put the 
 ten deer on the bird's back and seated himself alongside of them. 
 Away flew the bird across the lake, and every time he made a noise 
 the boy gave him a piece of meat. When they got close to the 
 other side, the bird made a noise so often that the boy barely had 
 enough meat with which to feed him. When they arrived, the 
 bird let him off and then quickly flew back. 
 
 It was not long before the mineto appeared with his dog and made 
 straight for the boy. "Spare us," said the mineto. But the boy, 
 seeing the bones of people lying about everywhere, answered: 
 "Had you spared these people, I would have spared you." "Then 
 kill me, but spare my wife and my dog." "No, I am going to kill 
 you all, for you all helped to kill and eat these people." Thereupon 
 he shot the mineto and his wife and the dog, and trampled on their 
 hearts. Then he gathered together all the skulls that were lying 
 about and set them afire, and when the fire went out, all the 
 people came to life again, and he saw his nine brothers and his 
 father and his mother. Then they all went home together. 
 
 (23) THE MAN WHO HUNTED FOR LICE. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once there was a man who lived together with his wife, yet 
 every time anyone came to ask for him, the woman would say, 
 "He is not at home. He is out hunting." After a while people 
 began to grow suspicious at these absences. So, one day a man 
 came to call for him quite early, but he was already gone. So 
 he said to the woman, "What is it that he kills?" And the 
 woman answered, "What he kills, he leaves at the place where he 
 hunts, and what he doesn't kill, he brings home." 
 
 The man puzzled over this all night. The next morning he 
 again came very early, and this time, instead of entering the house, 
 he watched for the man outside. But he was too late, the man
 
 47 
 
 was already gone. The following morning he came still earlier, 
 and this time he saw him leave the house. He followed him at a 
 distance, and then he found out that what his wife had said was 
 true. "What he killed, he left at his hunting place, and what he 
 did not kill, he brought home." for he was sitting on a log, hunting 
 lice on his clothes. 
 
 (24) THE BOY WHO WAS ABUSED BY HIS OLDER 
 BROTHER. 1 
 
 Collected at Maniwaki, Que. 
 
 The person whose story I will now tell once lived. 
 
 There was once a chief who had ten sons, and nine of these 
 always abused the youngest one. This the boy stood for quite 
 a long time, but one day he decided that he would leave his father's 
 house. He confided this to one of the servants, telling him also 
 that he did not know where to go. The servant told him that if 
 he travelled eastward for ten days he would come to a village 
 where the people would be kind to him. The servant also told 
 him to be sure and take food for ten days with him. The boy 
 then told the servant to have everything ready early the next 
 morning, as he wished to leave before the rest were up. 
 
 The following day the boy was off for the east. Every evening 
 he would sleep in some house on the roadside, and his food lasted 
 through the eighth day. On the ninth day he was tired and hungry, 
 and he couldn't find any house in which to stop for the night. 
 So he went to sleep at the side of a tree, and the morning of the 
 tenth day someone called him by name, but he, fearing that his 
 brothers were pursuing him, was afraid to answer. At last he 
 heard a voice say, "Come on, Hard-Iron, let him die." Then the 
 boy heard a great noise, and knew immediately that it was the 
 Thunder-bird who had been speaking to him. He jumped up 
 and called to the Thunder-bird, and the Thunder-bird returned 
 with his dog, Hard-Iron. The boy asked the Thunder-bird his 
 name, and the Thunder-bird answered, "My name is Hard-Iron, 
 and my dog has the same name. I have come to save you. You 
 are looking for the people from the east. You will have to travel 
 
 1 This and the following are Algonquin stories and were collected by 
 Edwin Maness. Number 24 is probably of European origin.
 
 48 
 
 one day more. There is a mineto living not far from here, but 
 you don't want to meet him, for he kills and eats everyone who 
 comes there. If you like, I will exchange my dog for your ring. 
 If you rub down the dog, he will become very large and if you rub 
 him up, he will become very small. You are very hungry now, 
 watch and see what happens." "Here, Hard-Iron, you go and 
 bring back a meal such as the king is accustomed to having served, 
 and bring also wine." When the dog returned, he brought with him 
 only a table cloth, but as soon as the Thunder-bird spread this upon 
 the ground, the meal appeared, and all the boy had to do was to eat. 
 
 When he finished eating, he started off for another day's travel. 
 Soon he came to a great, big house. He decided to enter and see 
 who lived there. Inside he was met by a girl, and she told him 
 that a mineto lived there who, if he saw him, would surely kill and 
 eat him; and that he who killed a mineto could marry her, for she 
 was the chief's youngest daughter. 
 
 When the boy left the house, he met the mineto at the door. 
 "What are you doing|here?" said the mineto. "I simply came to 
 see who lived in this house." "You will see soon enough who 
 lives in it," answered the mineto. "Wouldn't you like to see it 
 from the inside?" "No," said the boy, "I am in a hurry." "Come 
 on in and I wilfshow you about," said the mineto. Then the boy 
 became frightenedjand rubbed Hard-Iron down, until the dog be- 
 came quite large. Now the boy permitted himself to be persuaded 
 to enter the mineto's house, but the mineto would not let the dog 
 come in. So the\boy[itold the dog that if he whistled three times he 
 was to run up*the]stairs. Then the boy went in with the mineto. 
 
 He was taken to the' very top of the stairs, where he saw many 
 skulls, bones, and jswords. The mineto told him that he would 
 give him any sword that he chose. The boy looked over the 
 swords, until he saw|one that he liked. "This one I choose," he 
 said to the mineto. The mineto took it and said, "Then this is 
 the one you choose for cutting off your head." The boy became 
 terribly frightened. "But you will let me whistle a song before 
 you kill me," said he. "Yes, you may whistle," said the mineto. 
 The boy whistled three times, when the mineto ordered him to 
 lay his head across a block. Suddenly the door was smashed 
 open and a dog ran in and jumped upon the mineto. The mineto 
 fell down dead. The boy cut off the mineto's head and cut out 
 his tongue, and told the dog to eat and then go and vomit it at 
 the edge of the earth.
 
 49 
 
 The boy went out carrying the head. When the girl saw him, 
 she sewed a piece of silk on his hat. Then the boy set out for the 
 city. On his way he met some men on horseback and asked 
 them if they wouldn't carry the mineto's head, as it was too heavy 
 for him. He gave it to them, but kept the tongue for himself. 
 
 When he arrived at the end of the city, he saw a very old man 
 gathering something. The boy asked him if he couldn't stop at 
 his house for the night. The old man said, "Yes." 
 
 In the evening, after the old man went to sleep, the boy told his 
 dog to go and get something to eat and to bring some wine. When 
 the dog returned, he awoke his grandfather and told him to eat 
 with him. 
 
 Soon after the chief gave a feast to which he invited all his sons, 
 for he wished to find out who had killed the mineto. But none of 
 the sons present had done this. So he invited all the rich people, 
 but the slayer could not be found among them. Then some man 
 came in with the mineto's head, but the chief's daughter said that 
 the man who carried the head, was not the man who had killed 
 the mineto. Then the chief invited all the old people, and this 
 time the old man came with his grandson, as he called the boy. 
 The girl instantly recognized the boy as the slayer. So the boy 
 was given the chief's daughter in marriage and, as a gift, the chief 
 gave them half of his kingdom. And there they must still be 
 living. 
 
 (25) THE BOY WITH THE MAGIC BALL. 
 Collected at Maniwaki, Que. 
 
 Once there lived the persons whose story I am telling. 
 
 An old woman was living with her grandchild, a little boy, and 
 they were very poor. All day the woman would dig for wild 
 potatoes, while the little boy played around. One day the boy, 
 getting very lonely, began to measure the house all around, and 
 when his grandmother came home in the evening, he said, "Grand- 
 mother, this house seems to be longer on one side than it is on the 
 other." The grandmother answered, "That is not so, you are 
 just imagining it. How did you come to find that out, anyway?" 
 "Well, I was very lonely, so I thought I would measure the house 
 all around," said the boy.
 
 50 
 
 The next morning the boy said to his grandmother, "Won't 
 you make me a ball to play with when I am lonely?" "Yes, I 
 will make one for you." So she made a ball, and when it was 
 finished, she went outside and called all the wolves together, that 
 she might take one of their big teeth to put into that ball. But 
 as these wolves were very young, their teeth were not of a suitable 
 size. So she called all the old wolves together, and from one of 
 them she took a large tooth, which she put into the ball. Now, 
 whatever the ball happened to strike, it would stick to until told 
 to let go. 
 
 One night the boy noticed that the old woman began to cook her 
 meal after he was sent to bed. So he thought that he would watch 
 her. When she was ready to eat, she got a red-hot iron and held 
 it close to his feet and said, "You are burning," but the boy 
 didn't move. Then she threw a bit of bark on the side of the house, 
 which the boy had found to be longer, and out came a young man. 
 This man was the boy's brother, whom the old woman was hiding 
 from a giant, a man-eater who was living on an island. 
 
 The following day, after his grandmother had left, the boy also 
 cooked some corn and fed his brother. After his brother had 
 finished eating, they went out together to play with the ball. 
 Soon they saw the giant coming toward them in a canoe. The 
 boy quickly hid his brother, when the giant came up with his dog. 
 The dog scented the brother to the end of the house, when the 
 boy threw his ball and struck the dog in the eyes. Then the dog 
 began to growl; whereupon the giant said that if the boy would call 
 off the ball, he would go away. The boy called off the ball, and 
 the giant went away. 
 
 In the evening, when the old woman was feeding the brother, 
 the boy got out of bed, but his grandmother sent him back to bed. 
 He refused to go, however, until his brother went back into his 
 hiding place. 
 
 The next day the two boys again went out to play. This time 
 the brother did not have a chance to hide before the giant appeared. 
 He grabbed the brother and began to drag him away, the small boy 
 following. The giant told the boy to go away, but the boy would 
 not. When the giant and the brother got into the canoe, the boy 
 was knocked down on the beach. When he came to his senses, he 
 could just see the boat at a distance. He quickly pulled out one
 
 51 
 
 of his hairs, tied it around the ball and then threw out the ball 
 till it touched the boat, which it immediately began pulling in to 
 shore. "I want to go with you," said the boy. "Well, get on," 
 said the giant, for he was a little afraid of the ball. 
 
 When they reached the other side, they came to a big house 
 where they found an old man and woman starving. The boy 
 went out with his ball and hunted some bears and foxes, and when 
 he had killed them, he brought them to the people for food. This 
 the giant did not like, but he was very much afraid of the boy. 
 The boy now told his brother that he was going to kill the giant, 
 the old woman, and the dog. "For," said the boy, "when I fasted, 
 I found out that the hearts of these three are kept in a box, guarded 
 by a blackbird who lives on an island east from here. I will borrow 
 the giant's boat and row over to that island." He then went up 
 to the giant and asked him for his boat. The giant said, "I am 
 going to use it today, but you may use it tomorrow." 
 
 So the next morning the boy took the boat without saying any- 
 thing to the giant. When the giant saw him in the boat, he asked 
 him where he was going, and the boy said, "O, I am just going out 
 for a ride." "Don't you go toward the east, for there is a mineto 
 living there who will kill you. You had better go to the north." 
 
 The boy pulled out and steered straight east, which made the 
 giant very angry with himself for letting him have the boat. 
 When the boy reached the island, he saw an old house, and at the 
 door sat a blackbird with a red box in its bill. He threw his ball at 
 the bird and told it not to let go until the bird was dead. When the 
 bird was dead, he took the box and found therein three hearts, 
 which he pierced with the wolf's tooth. 
 
 When he returned, he found the giant, the old woman, and the 
 dog dead. All the other people, whom the giant had once killed, 
 were now alive, and among them were his nine brothers, his father, 
 and mother. Then the people all made boats and went home. 
 
 (26) THE BOY WHO WAS BLESSED BY A SERPENT. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 When a boy fasts, he doesn't eat for ten days, except a little 
 at'sundown, so that the sun may not see him. He sleeps all the 
 time^waiting for some spirit to come and bless him, so that he may 
 be_ protected throughout his life.
 
 52 
 I'll tell you of one who was helped by the blessing he received. 
 
 A young man fasted and a serpent blessed him. The serpent 
 told him that he would never be killed. In the morning, when the 
 older man who was watching the young man fast, came to see him, 
 the latter told him what he had dreamt. The man said, "That's 
 a very good blessing. Accept it, for the serpent will take good 
 care of you." 
 
 The young man was helped by this blessing until he became a 
 very old man, and then the serpent deserted him. 
 
 Once, this man and his three sons were living near a river. He 
 said to his sons, "Well, we are going to be killed, for the Mohawks 
 have discovered us. In about three days we will have to fight. 
 We will place a boat near the shore, so that our women may 
 escape across the lake during the fight. This is what the serpent 
 told me when I was blessed by him during my fast. We shall all 
 come through this fight alive, because of my fasting. There are 
 one hundred of these Mohawks and we are only four. The day 
 after tomorrow we will send the women away." So they placed 
 all their boats along the lake. 
 
 When the third morning dawned, the old man arose, ready to 
 fight. He gave the war-whoop three times. 
 
 So all day these four men fought the hundred, and not one of 
 the four was killed, for they were not seen by the Mohawks. 
 When it got dark, the old man took sick. "Now that I am sick, 
 we must escape," said he to his three sons, and he told them to 
 follow him. The three boys followed their father and, under the 
 water, they walked across the lake. When they landed on the 
 other side, the Mohawks saw them and started to pursue them. 
 The young men, by turns, hid themselves and fought the Mohawks, 
 while the old man went on ahead. When the young men had killed 
 all the Mohawks who had followed them, they caught up with their 
 father near a bay. 
 
 They all got on a birch-bark canoe and went out into the lake. 
 When they were some ways out, the old man started to sing, turn- 
 ing his boat. After he was through, they went on again and, 
 by paddling all night, they landed on the other side at daybreak. 
 Here, they were met by their women.
 
 53 
 
 This was one man's blessing to know what was going to happen 
 three days in advance. Some are blessed so that they can see 
 distant things and persons. They build a little hut and throw 
 their shirts into it, and then the person whom they want to see 
 appears inside the hut. 
 
 This is how the people who fasted were blessed. 
 
 (27) THE MAN WHO WENT IN SEARCH OF OTHER 
 PEOPLE. 
 
 Told by John Henry, Muncie. 
 
 There was once a man who had two sons, who had never seen 
 any other human beings but themselves. One day they asked 
 their father were any other people living besides themselves. The 
 old man said, "There are some people, but they live far away and 
 it would be very hard to get to them. Besides which, you would 
 have to pay the bird to take you across the lake." Whereupon the 
 young men said that they would go and hunt for these people. 
 
 One morning they started off for the ten days' journey, humming 
 as they went along. At night they rested, and during the day killed 
 game for food. When they came to the end of the tenth day's 
 journey, they began to get frightened and the older brother 
 wanted to return, but the younger one coaxed him to continue. 
 
 On the evening of the tenth day they saw two birds sitting on a 
 high rock. The birds asked them where they were going, and they 
 answered, "Across the lake, to look for some people. Can you 
 tell us how to get across?" The birds told them that they 
 would take them across if they would give each a deer to eat while 
 going across. So the next morning the boys went hunting and 
 brought back two deer. The following day they got on the birds' 
 backs and started off, and every time the birds cried out, they 
 gave them a piece of the deer meat. The older boy gave his bird 
 large pieces of meat, but the younger one gave only small pieces, 
 for he did not know how wide the lake might be. As they came 
 nearer to the other side, the birds cried oftener, until the older 
 brother's meat ran out. Then he took his knife and cut apiece 
 from one side of his body and gave it to the bird, and when again 
 the bird called out, he cut out a piece from the other side, until
 
 54 
 
 finally he had nothing more to give. Whereupon the bird threw 
 himjinto the lake. As ,Hey were quite near the shore, the brother 
 was able to swim in. The younger brother, however, had meat left 
 over for another day. 
 
 They now set out to look for the people about whom their 
 father had told them. They went on until they came to a house. 
 The younger brother said that they had better not stop there, for 
 they were told not to enter the first house they came to. But 
 the older brother insisted upon going in, so in they went. When 
 they got to the door, they saw an old woman sitting inside. The 
 old woman, by holding a paddle to her nose, knew who the young 
 men were and asked them to come in. When they entered, she 
 said, "You must be hungry. I saw you when you left twelve days 
 ago, and now I will give you some corn soup." She hung a kettle 
 over a fire and told the little dog to defecate corn into the pail, 
 upon which she poured some water. After the corn had boiled a 
 while, she opened a part of the side of her house and grabbed a 
 man's penis, and squeezed some grease from it into the kettle, 
 in order to have the soup greasy. Then she put the soup into a 
 pail and told the boys to eat it. The boys ate the soup, but could 
 not empty the pail. So they set the pail down and started to 
 leave the house, but the old woman would not leave them until they 
 had emptied the pail. The younger boy emptied the pail, and then 
 struck the old woman on the head and killed her. Whereupon 
 a lot of other people rushed in, all of whom they soon killed. 
 Now they occupy the house and must be living there still. 
 
 (28) THE MAN WHO WENT IN SEARCH OF OTHER 
 PEOPLE SECOND VERSION. 
 
 Told by Sam Lute, Chemung Lake. 
 
 Once there lived a man, his wife, and three boys. The man hunt- 
 ed most of the time, catching and killing lots of game. When his 
 sons grew up, they took his place in supporting the family. One 
 day, when the boys were out hunting, they began talking about 
 leaving their father's house and seeking out other Indians, for up 
 to this they had always lived quite alone. When they got home 
 in the evening, the oldest brother asked the father if he knew of 
 any other Indians living near them. The father said, "Yes, about 
 four or five days' journey to the east you will find some Indians."
 
 55 
 
 The boys decided that they would go, as their mother was getting 
 old, and it was time for them to look for wives. The father then 
 told them to be careful, that there were certains Indians who would 
 kill them if they entered their homes. The mother gave the 
 youngest her medicine-bag, containing animal and bird skins, 
 which he was to use if he wished to transform himself. She also 
 blessed him. The boys started off, taking enough food to last 
 them a few days. 
 
 They walked on for three days, when they saw a house. The 
 oldest brother wanted to go in, but the other brothers said, "Re- 
 member what our father told us, that we should not go into the 
 first house that we came to." But the older brother said that the 
 Indians would never be able to kill them, so they went towards the 
 house. When they came to the door, they saw an old woman 
 sitting inside. When she saw that there was someone outside, 
 she grabbed a ladle and licked it, and then she knew who the 
 outsiders were. She told the boys to come in, and asked them where 
 they came from. The boys said, "We come from the west." 
 Then she said, "You must be hungry; I am boiling some corn, but 
 I have not yet put in any grease or meat. When the soup is done, 
 I will give you some." The boys sat down and began to watch 
 her. Before the corn was quite cooked, she raised the part of the 
 tipi where the kettle was hanging, and then grabbing hold of the 
 penis of one of the men crowded in that corner, she squeezed it 
 into the kettle of corn. After this had boiled a while, she poured it 
 out into wooden bowls, and gave it to the boys. 
 
 The boys ate and ate, but couldn't empty their bowls. "Why 
 don't you eat all of that?" said the old woman. "If you don't 
 finish it all, you will die." But the boys said that they had had 
 enough and could not eat any more. The old woman said, "You 
 will have to eat it all," and then she grabbed her tomahawk and 
 told the youngest boy to drink his. The little boy remembered that 
 he had been blessed by his mother before he left, so he grabbed 
 the bowls and drank all the soup. Snatching his tomahawk, he 
 knocked the old woman down. Then the boys started off on their 
 journey again. 
 
 They walked for three days until they came to another house. 
 They entered and found that there lived in that house a father and 
 mother and their two daughters and a little girl who was staying 
 with them and who was all covered over with sores. The two older 
 boys were told to go and sit with the daughters, for the old woman
 
 56 
 
 knew why they had come. The little one sat down where the girl 
 with the sores was lying. She told him that three nights later the 
 old woman would set fire to herself and then kill her two sons-in- 
 law. Sure enough, when the time came, the old woman came in 
 with a bundle of sticks, and after everyone went to sleep, she 
 yelled, "I am burning." The two daughters jumped up and asked 
 her why she did that, and she answered that she wanted one of 
 her sons-in-law to dance on her lap. So one of the young men 
 danced on her lap, and soon she threw him through the doorway 
 down a steep rock. 
 
 Three nights later she again came with a bundle of sticks and 
 set fire to herself, and when the girls came out and asked her 
 what she wanted, she said, "I want my other son-in-law to dance 
 on my lap." She killed him also. Then the girl with the sores 
 said to the youngest boy, "In three nights' time she will kill you." 
 But the boy said, "Don't worry, she can't kill me, for my mother 
 blessed me before I left." 
 
 When the three nights were up, the old woman came in with a 
 bundle of sticks, and after setting fire to herself, she cried, "I want 
 my son-in-law to dance on my knee." The boy jumped on the old 
 woman's knee, when all at once she threw him through the door 
 and over the rock where she had thrown his brothers. As the 
 boy came through the covering of the tipi, he became a bird, and 
 instead of falling down the rocks, he came back and sat down in 
 his usual place. In the morning, the old woman began to stare 
 at him, when the girl with the sores said, "Why are you looking at 
 my husband so much?" The old woman answered, "Oh, nothing." 
 Later the girl told the boy that the old man would take him out to 
 go after some sea-gulls' eggs and that he would be left there. 
 
 The next morning the old man said to the boy, "We will go after 
 some sea-gulls' eggs, way out into the lake." They started off for 
 the lake. When they got into the boat the old man struck the 
 boat three times, and away it went in the direction of the sea-gulls. 
 When they had gathered quite a few eggs, the old man said to the 
 boy, "There are many sea-gulls down below the rocks; run after 
 them, for you are younger than I." As soon as the boy got below 
 the rocks, the old man started out for the boat, thinking to leave 
 the boy there to starve. After gathering a few of the eggs, the boy 
 called over one of the gulls and told him to carry him home, so 
 that he reached home ahead of the old man. Then he gave his 
 wife two eggs to boil, so that the old man could eat them when he
 
 57 
 
 got home. Pretty soon the old man came in laughing and yelling, 
 and when the girl said, "What is the matter?" he answered, "I 
 left your husband over there on the other side. He thinks he is 
 smarter than I, but I got ahead of him this time." Then he was 
 told to sit down and eat some eggs. But all he could do was to 
 sit there and stare at the boy. The girl said to him, "Why are 
 you staring at my husband?" But he only said, "Oh, nothing." 
 The girl was now cured of her sores, for the boy had brought some 
 medicine with him when he first came. 
 
 About three days later, the old man asked the boy to go with him 
 after some hemlock-bark. The boy said he would and off they went. 
 They came to a great hemlock-tree and the old man said, "The 
 bark is all loose, it is only fastened up above." But all the time the 
 old man was talking, the boy, having become a squirrel, went up 
 in the tree and was unloosening the piece which held the bark up, 
 so that the entire bark dropped down on the old man. He left 
 him, and there and then taking a mouthful of bark, he went home. 
 When he reached home, the old woman asked him where the old 
 man was. He said, "He is coming behind me." About midnight 
 they heard the old man groaning as he came crawling home, with 
 both arms broken and many scratches on his face and body. The 
 old woman grabbed her medicine-bag, took out some medicine, and 
 started chewing it. When the old man got into the house, she spat 
 on all his sores and cuts and broken bones, and they were all 
 healed. 
 
 In about three days the old man asked the boy to go with him 
 hunting deer. Before they started out the girl told the boy to bring 
 home some cranberries. When they returned with the deer, the 
 old man said, "I feel very itchy; will you look at my back and see 
 if anything is there?" The boy looked and found three black things 
 about the size of a bee, which the old man told him to bite. But 
 instead of biting these things he cracked three of the cranberries 
 which he had brought home. In the morning the old man again 
 stared at him, for he had expected that by this time the boy would 
 be dead. The girl again said, "Why are you looking at my hus- 
 band?" But the old man said nothing. 
 
 The following morning the old man aslced the boy to go with 
 him to spear some salmon-trout out in the lake. The girl told her 
 husband to watch the old man, for there were many tricks which he 
 would use to kill him. When they came to a shallow part of the 
 lake, they saw the fish. By the time their boat was filled up they
 
 58 
 
 were out in the deep water. Then the old man said to the boy, 
 "Get up on top of the fish at the edge of the boat and you will be 
 able to spear better." As soon as they got on top of the fish, the 
 old man struck the boat and it started off, throwing the boy 
 overboard. The boy then called over one of the fish and told him 
 to take him across. The big fish took him across, and, taking a 
 salmon which he had speared, he reached home ahead of the old man. 
 When the old man got home, he again came in laughing and yelling. 
 The girl went out to meet him and asked him why he was so happy, 
 and the old man answered, "I have drowned your husband. 
 He thinks he is smart, but I am smarter than he." 
 
 In the morning the old man said to the boy, "Did you ever 
 coast in the place where you came from?" The boy answered, 
 "Yes, I have coasted." Then the man said, "We will go over to 
 a very high hill and slide down." The girl told the boy that the old 
 man had killed many people on that hill. The boy said, "Don't 
 worry, we will go home to my parents yet." 
 
 They went up the hill and when they were ready to come down 
 the boy changed himself into a bird. As the old man had gone on 
 ahead of him, he had not seen this, whereupon the boy tipped 
 the sleigh and let the old man fall to the rocks. Then he flew 
 home. About midnight the old man came home, crying and 
 groaning, for both of his legs were broken. The old woman used 
 her medicines again, and soon the broken parts were healed. 
 Then the old man said to the boy, "In about three days we will go 
 and hunt where there are many deer. We will walk for four or 
 five days." Before they left, however, the girl told her husband 
 that some night, when he was asleep, the old man would burn his 
 moccasins and leave him in the woods to freeze. 
 
 The two men started off and, after five days' travelling, they came 
 to their destination. They put up their tent, made a fire in the 
 centre, and went to sleep. Soon the old man was sound asleep. 
 Then the boy got up and exchanged moccasins. During the night 
 the old man awoke and seeing that the boy was fast asleep, he got 
 up and threw the moccasins which were standing near the boy 
 into the fire. In the morning the old man was the first one up. 
 He was just putting on the moccasins near him, when the boy got 
 up. The boy said, "Where are my moccasins?" "Why you left 
 them right there when you went to bed last night," said the old 
 man. Then the boy looked at the old man's moccasins and said, 
 "These moccasins are mine; yours must be lost." He took them
 
 59 
 
 away from the old man and started for home, leaving the old man 
 there to starve and freeze. When he arrived at the house, the old 
 woman asked him where her husband was, and he answered, "I 
 left him out there hunting for his moccasins." 
 
 About springtime, the old man came home barefooted and said 
 to the boy, "You have beaten me. I have done everything in my 
 power to kill you. Now I will let you do the same with me." 
 Then the boy said, "Tomorrow we will go to the mountains, and 
 there on the top of one of the high trees you will see a nest with 
 birds in it. I want you to go after one of them." 
 
 In the morning they started off, and when they got to the top 
 of the mountain, they saw in a tree a large nest with two big 
 birds. The boy said to the old man, "I want you to go after one 
 of those." The old man climbed up, and just as he was about to 
 take the bird, he saw a flash of lightning and quickly dropped to 
 the ground. The boy told him that he would give him two more 
 chances to get that bird and, if he succeeded, he would consider 
 him the smarter of the two. The old man climbed up once more 
 and again, as he was about to take a bird, a flash of lightning came, 
 struck him, and slit him into two parts. But the old man grew 
 together again, and the boy told him he had one more chance. 
 The old man climbed up again, but this time a peal of thunder 
 blew him to pieces. This was the end of the old man. The boy 
 went home, took his wife, and went to his father's house, and there 
 he must be living yet. 
 
 (29) THE BACHELOR. 
 Told by Yellow-Head, Rama. 
 
 There was once an old bachelor who lived all alone. He knew 
 everything that was going on, although he never went anywhere. 
 One day he thought he would go and get himself a wife. At some 
 distance away from his house there lived some people. He 
 started to go up to them, when he saw two young women coming 
 along. He quickly grabbed one of them and, holding his hand 
 over her mouth, he took her to his home. The girl was badly 
 frightened, but he told her he would take her back to her home 
 next day. On the following day she asked him when he was going 
 to take her home and he said, "Tomorrow, I am very busy 
 to-day." The morrow came, but he did not take her back. 
 (E)
 
 60 
 
 On the following morning, when the young girl woke up, she 
 saw an old woman in the house instead of the old man. The old 
 woman said to her, "You call me grandmother from now on." 
 After the old woman had been with her for some time, she began to 
 like her and forgot that she had been stolen from her own people. 
 
 One day an animal came to the house. The old woman grabbed 
 a stick and chased it up a tree, followed it up the tree and there 
 struck it. It fell on her and knocked her down, and then the girl 
 noticed that her grandmother was the same old man who had 
 brought her there. 
 
 The next day the girl had her menses, so the old woman made a 
 little house for her to stay in until she was well. The old woman 
 told her that she was not to be idle there, for it was the 
 custom for girls to make mats out of basswood-bark strings at 
 such time. She also told her that if anyone came to bless her 
 during the night, she was to accept him and do just as he bade her. 
 
 The first night she was there no one came. The second night, 
 after she had fallen asleep, someone came and poked her on the 
 back, but just an arm stuck in through the door and she was given 
 a string of beads. The girl was sure that it was the old man, who 
 was disguising himself as an old woman. When the old woman 
 came the next morning and asked her if anyone had been there, the 
 girl said, "Someone came and gave me these beads, but he never 
 said a word." Then the old woman said, "I will keep them for 
 you; he might come and give you something else tonight. I warn 
 you again to do exactly as he bids you." Just then the girl decided 
 to mark the beads, so she broke one bead on one end of the string, 
 and then handed them to the old woman. Then the old woman 
 went back to the house. 
 
 The next night, after the girl had fallen asleep, someone again 
 poked her in the back and handed her a string of beads. She 
 looked at them and saw that they were the same beads she had 
 received the night before. She made up her mind to escape that 
 night. So some time later, she got up, set fire to the whole shack, 
 and escaped. 
 
 When the old man came again to fool her, he saw that she was 
 gone, and he couldn't trace her. He asked the stakes that were 
 around the house if they knew where she had gone, but none knew 
 until he came to the one at the door. This stake said that she had 
 disappeared right into the ground, but where she went he didn't
 
 61 
 
 know. The old man started out to follow her. The girl finally 
 came back to her own people and told them that the man who had 
 stolen her was pursuing her. The people were very much afraid 
 of the old man, so they said they would invite him to a feast and 
 get even with him there. 
 
 When the old man arrived, they started telling him stories until 
 far into the night, taking turns at sleeping and talking. Finally, 
 they invited him to the feast and by that time he forgot what he 
 was there for. 
 
 First, the people got some sharp fish-scales, which they laid 
 across the room where the man was to dance. Then they all start- 
 ed to dance, each one keeping in the centre of the room, but the old 
 man danced all over the room. Suddenly he yelled, "There is 
 something in my foot, pull it out." But the people sent the thing 
 further into his foot, telling him that they could not draw it out. 
 So the old man told them to cut his whole leg off and he would 
 attach it to the body again later. Then he told them to place the 
 leg somewhere. Pretty soon he got something in his other foot 
 and had to have that one cut off too, and this leg was placed beside 
 the other one. He now began dancing on his hands when some- 
 thing stuck in one arm, and it had to be taken off. Then he 
 danced on the other hand, until something got into that one too, 
 and it had to be removed. The arms were placed next to the legs. 
 Then he began to dance on his head, when something got into his 
 head. He told them to try and pull it out, but they only pushed 
 it further in. Finally they cut off his head. Then he began 
 dancing on the rest of his body. The people, in the meanwhile, 
 burned his limbs and his head, and then took their war-clubs and 
 pounded the body to death. 
 
 (30) BIG TURTLE'S WAR PARTY. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once a Turtle, who lived in a lake, decided that he would go 
 and fight the Indians. He went along the shore, calling, "Who 
 will help me fight the Indians?" A Deer came along and said 
 that he would help the Turtle. Then the Turtle told him to show 
 how he would fight. Whereupon the Deer started fighting a tree, 
 but the Turtle told him that he would not last long. Then the 
 Turtle went on again, calling "Who will go with me to fight the 
 Indians?" A Bear answered, "I will go." Then the Turtle told 
 him to try and fight the tree. The Bear did this, but soon the
 
 62 
 
 Turtle told him that he wouldn't do, for he would surely be killed 
 by the Indians. Again the Turtle called out, "Who will go with me 
 to fight the Indians?" Then the Thunder-birds said that they 
 would go, so the Turtle told them to show how they fight. Where- 
 upon a great storm arose, so that the Turtle was blown up into the 
 air, and when he came down again, he bounded on the ground 
 many times. Nevertheless, he told the Thunder-birds that they 
 too would soon be killed. Then the Turtle went on again, calling, 
 "Who will go with me to fight the Indians?" "We will go with you," 
 said some Turtles. They tried hard to fight something, but they 
 could not hurt anything. The Turtle told them that they would do . 
 
 "We will leave this place now and go to town to hunt for In- 
 dians." So the following morning they set out, and soon they 
 came into town. However, they were fooled before they had a 
 chance to fight. The Turtle was caught, and was to be thrown 
 into the fire, when he said, "I might burn you, when I kick some 
 of the fire off." "He is right," said one of the Indians," we will 
 throw him into some hot water." Then the Turtle said, "Don't 
 do that, for you will be burned when I splash the water." "He 
 speaks truly," said another man. Then a woman said, "Bring 
 him here and throw him into the river." Then the Turtle said, 
 "Don't do that, for you will kill me." Whereupon one man 
 grabbed hold of him and carried him over to the river, but before 
 he threw him in, the Turtle bit him, nor would he let go of his 
 flesh. The man said, "Let me go," but the Turtle said, "I will 
 not let you go unless you can bring the Thunder-birds here. The 
 Indians tried to fool him by bringing some other bird instead, 
 but he was not fooled. However, he let go of the man's hand 
 and fell into the water. The Indians expected to see him drown, 
 but soon he came up again and told them that this was his home. 
 
 (31) THE MAN WHO SCOLDED HIS CHILDREN- 
 SECOND VERSION. 1 
 
 Told by L. French, Muncie. 
 
 Once a man was living alone, nor did anyone else live near by. 
 He killed much game and, as he was alone, he always had a great 
 deal of dried meat. One day he met a woman and married her. 
 
 1 a. No. 12.
 
 63 
 
 Some time after they had a son. The father used to scold and whip 
 the boy, when he grew older, but the mother took the boy's part, 
 so that the parents had a great many quarrels. 
 
 One day the woman said that she was going back to the place 
 she came from, across the lake, and the man said that if she left, 
 he would go with her. The next morning, when the lake was calm, 
 she got into a boat, and taking the boy with her, started to go across. 
 The man followed in another boat. When they were half-way 
 across, a wind came up and the lake became very rough. The 
 woman got scared and asked her husband if he was a inid and 
 could calm the lake. Soon after the wind went down and the lake 
 was calm again. 
 
 When they arrived at the other side, the woman was greeted by 
 all her friends, and this made her husband jealous and he walked 
 away alone. At night he killed some of the people, and when, 
 in the morning, they found out that he was the one who had killed 
 the people, they were afraid of him. So they put him into a boat 
 and sent him back again across the lake to his home. 
 
 He must be living there still. 
 
 (32) THE YOUNG BOY WHO LOST HIS WAY. 
 
 Told by Mr. Fisher, Muncie. 
 
 Once an old man was living with his grandson. The old man 
 was a great hunter, but the boy always stayed at home. One day 
 the boy asked his grandfather to make him a bow, that he might 
 shoot some birds and a black squirrel. The old man made him 
 a bow, and the boy shot birds near the house. When he grew older, 
 he learned to kill larger game. One day he followed a bear into 
 the woods and killed it, but he had wandered so far that he lost 
 his way. By that time it was so dark that he couldn't find his 
 way back, so he went to sleep beside a tree. When he awoke, 
 he was very hungry, and he picked some berries and ate them. 
 Then he started out again, hoping to find his way home. 
 
 In the afternoon he came to a house. He went in to ask for some- 
 thing to eat, and found two girls in the house. They said that 
 their father was out hunting, and asked him to stay until he re-
 
 64 
 
 turned, for they were afraid of a mineto who was watching one 
 of them. The boy asked the girls to come and watch him shoot. 
 One of the girls took off her ring, and the young boy shot right 
 through the ring. 
 
 While they were thus amusing themselves, a man came along 
 with a dog. The girls screamed and ran towards the house, but 
 the boy remained waiting for the man to come up to him. When 
 the mineto saw the girls run, he set his dog at them, but the boy 
 shot at the dog and wounded him with an arrow. The mineto 
 tried to pull the arrow out, but he couldn't. He then told the 
 boy that he could never kill them, for their hearts were kept by 
 a bird on an island nearby. 1 When the girls' father came home, 
 they told him how the young man had saved them from the mineto's 
 dog. The old man was very glad and told the young man that 
 one of his daughters was called Beaver and the other Fox- Woman, 
 and that he could marry either. But the boy said, "I must get 
 the mineto's heart first, and tomorrow morning I am going to 
 the island to look for it. When I will come back, I will marry 
 your daughter." 
 
 Next day the young man took the old man's boat and went over 
 to the island. On looking around he saw a big bird sitting at a 
 door, with a red box in its bill. He was sure that in this box lay 
 the mineto's heart, so he took a good aim and shot the bird. 
 When the arrow struck the bird, there was a peal of thunder 
 which sank the island. The boy began swimming to his boat when 
 he saw the bird with the box still in his bill. Soon the boy got the 
 bird. 
 
 The boy took the box back to the girls' house, and when he 
 arrived he saw the mineto coming towards them. He told the girls 
 not to run away, but to laugh at the mineto. When the mineto 
 came up, he said he wanted the Fox-Woman to go with him, 
 but the boy only squeezed the heart, and this made the mineto 
 yell with pain. He tried to grab hold of the boy, but he was dead 
 before he could reach him. Then the boy killed the dog. 
 
 When the father came home, the girls told him that the young 
 man had killed the mineto. Whereupon the father gave him the 
 two girls, and he lived with them ever after. 
 
 Cf . episodes in Tale 25.
 
 65 
 
 (33) THE WOMEN WHO OWNED THE BEAVER'S HEAD. 
 
 Told by Mr. French, Muncie. 
 
 Once there lived two women who were very rich. They had very 
 much to eat and to wear. They had a beaver which, if they ever 
 lost it, would make them become very poor. Now, near them lived 
 an old man and his grandson, and they were likewise very poor. 
 Very often the boy used to come to these women to beg for some- 
 thing to eat and to wear. 
 
 When the boy grew up, he became very desirous of stealing this 
 beaver, but was afraid to do so. One day a man came to his house 
 who had heard of these women, but he was not permitted to go 
 near them. He told the boy that if he would kill the beaver and 
 put its head into a birch-bark bag, he would become very rich and 
 the women very poor. One day, when the boy was returning from 
 a hunting trip, he passed by the house where the two women lived 
 and saw the beaver straight ahead of him. He shot the beaver, 
 cut off its head, and threw it into a bag which he had made for 
 the purpose. The body he threw into a pile of brushwood. Then 
 he started off again, and he saw that everything the women pos- 
 sessed was following him. There were berries of all kinds, animals, 
 and clothing. 
 
 He ran home as fast as he could and told his grandfather that 
 he had with him the beaver's head and all the riches that belonged 
 to the two women. The old man became frightened and told the 
 boy to take it back, for they would surely die if they kept what 
 they had stolen. The boy, however, refused. 
 
 The next day, before the boy went away, three women came to 
 him. One of them was very beautiful. They told him that they 
 would give him the beautiful woman if he gave up the beaver's 
 head, but he refused. Then one of them struck him a blow which 
 knocked him unconscious. Then the women took from him the 
 beaver's head and all the riches. 
 
 When the^boy came to, he saw his grandfather lying on the floor, 
 with his head cut off, and the beaver's head gone. He made up 
 his mind that he would get that head again. 
 
 Now, no'one was allowed to go near the head, which was hanging 
 in some basswood-bark and was protected on all sides by stakes 
 which were instructed to tell if anyone came near.
 
 66 
 
 The boy was afraid to go near the head, and for a long time he 
 wondered how he could manage to get there. Then a thought 
 struck him he would get a mouse to go and chew the basswood- 
 bark off and bring him the head. The next evening, as he was 
 walking towards the head, he met a mouse. He asked the mouse 
 if he would not go and chew off the bark which held the beaver's 
 head, and when he brought him the head he would give him a 
 pumpkin. So, after dark, the mouse was at his work, chewing off 
 the bark, and before daylight the boy had the head in his hands. 
 He took it home, and now he and his grandfather are very rich. 
 
 (34) THE WOMEN WHO OWNED THE BEAVER'S 
 HEAD SECOND VERSION 1 
 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once there were two women whose name was Broken Noses. 
 These women were very rich, for they had berries of all kinds, 
 corn, wild pumpkins, wild potatoes, and animals. They also kept 
 a marten which they guarded very carefully, for if they lost him 
 they would lose everything they had. 
 
 There were many who tried to steal this animal, but they could 
 never get to the place where it was kept. Every time anyone was 
 seen going towards the place, the two women would call him into 
 the house and give him some corn soup, which would make him 
 forget what he had come after. 
 
 Near these women lived a man who had a son. He made this 
 son fast, so that he might find out how he could get the marten. 
 One day the boy said that he knew how to get the marten, and that 
 he would bring the marten's head home. Then the old man 
 started to make birch-bark pails to hold the berries. When he 
 had these ready, the boy told his father how he expected to kill 
 the marten. "First, I'll cut its head off with my knife, and then 
 I'll shoot it under the tail with my bow and arrow. When that 
 is done, I'll put the head into a bag and run home with it." 
 
 The next morning the boy started off, hunting near the place 
 where the animal was kept. When he went by the house of the 
 women, they called him i i to have some corn soup, but he refused 
 to go, for he knew that if he ate the soup he would not be able to 
 kill the marten. Soon he came to the spot, and saw the animal 
 
 i Cf. Tale 33.
 
 67 
 
 sitting on a tree. He shot at it and when it dropped to the ground, 
 he cut off its head. Then he started running home and every- 
 thing which the two women had began to follow him. When he 
 reached home, all he had to do was to fill the pails with the 
 berries. 
 
 One day, when the old man was home alone, the two women came 
 to the house and brought the old man a very beautiful woman 
 whom they said he could marry, if he gave them the marten's 
 head. While they were talking to him, one of them struck him 
 on the head, leaving him senseless on the floor. Then they walked 
 off with the animal's head. When the boy came home, he found 
 the old man holding a pumpkin. He asked him what had become 
 of the marten's head, and the old man said, "I must have been 
 killed and then the head taken from me, while the pumpkin was 
 put here instead." Then the boy said, "I'll get that head back 
 again." 
 
 When the women got home, they placed sticks all around the 
 head, which would kill anybody who went near it. 
 
 The boy said to himself, "Tomorrow night I'll go after that head. 
 But first I must get someone who can carry the head off, through 
 the sticks." He found a mouse, who said that he would do that 
 for him, if he gave him some pumpkin seeds. Then the boy told 
 the mouse that just about daylight he should bite off the basswood- 
 bark where the head was tied . At daylight, the mouse began gnaw- 
 ing at the bark-string, and when the head dropped, the boy grabbed 
 it and took it home. There the boy must be living with his father 
 and all the berries. 
 
 (35) THE FATHER WHO WAS JEALOUS OF HIS 
 YOUNGEST SON. 
 
 f 
 
 Told by Sam Lute, Cheraung Lake. 
 
 Once there was a man who had three sons and one daughter. 
 These sons were so lazy and good-for-nothing that, although 
 there was plenty of game about that could easily have been killed, 
 the family was emaciated and almost starving. In fact, they were 
 so lazy that they would shut their eyes when any game passed their 
 house. The youngest boy, however, when he grew up, became a
 
 68 
 
 good hunter. He used to kill birds and get dried meat, which the 
 family ate during the winter. After a time he learned to kill 
 deer, bear, and mink, so that his folks had plenty of dried meat. 
 After a while the father became jealous of his son, and he said to 
 the other two boys, "That little brother of yours will soon kill all 
 the game that there is around here and won't leave any of it for 
 us to hunt. We must get rid of him in some way. I will go over 
 to the white giant and ask him to hide a little distance from the 
 house, and then I'll send the boy out there." So the father went over 
 and spoke to the giant, and the giant was willing to do as he 
 said. 
 
 In the evening the giant passed by the father's house, but the 
 boy was not in. When the boy came back, the father said to him, 
 "Someone must have passed our house, for the tracks are very large. 
 You had better chase him immediately." The boy answered, 
 "There is no hurry, I'll go in the morning." The father tried to 
 persuade him to go then, but the boy refused. 
 
 In the morning the boy got up very early and told his sister where 
 he was going. The sister did not know that her father and her 
 brothers were planning to kill him. When the boy got outside 
 the house, he shot his arrow in the direction of the giant's tracks 
 and then went on. The arrow went quite a distance and when it 
 dropped, the boy, looking around, saw a great white giant sleeping. 
 When the giant opened his eyes and began to rise, the boy shot 
 at him with his bow and arrow and killed him. Then he went back, 
 leaving the giant there, and when he reached home he told his 
 father that he had killed the great giant whose tracks they had seen 
 the night before. Then all four went out to skin the giant. 
 After they had him skinned, the boy gave the hide to his father 
 and kept the meat for himself. 
 
 The next day, when the boy had gone out to hunt, the father 
 went to a lion and asked him to hide himself at some distance, so 
 that when the boy came out to look for him, he could tear him 
 to pieces. When the boy got home in the evening, the father told 
 him that someone had passed by in front of their house. The 
 boy said, "Well, I will look for him in the morning." In the morn- 
 ing the boy again shot and followed his arrow, and thereby came to 
 the place where the lion was sleeping. He shot him with his arrow 
 and killed him. Then he immediately skinned him and brought
 
 the skin home for his father to lie upon. Then the father said 
 to himself, "I must kill him or before long he will have killed all 
 the game and left nothing for us to hunt. I'll go and get a great 
 sea-serpent and have him lie in the river, and when the boy goes 
 for water, he will most likely walk across the creek and step 
 upon the sea-serpent's horn which will hold him fast." 
 
 When the father thought that the sea-serpent would be in the 
 river, he sent the boy to get some water. The boy jumped across 
 the creek and landed upon the sea-serpent's horn. Immediately 
 he thought of his mother who, upon dying, had blessed him and had 
 given him a little box about the size of a bee, which he always 
 carried about him and which contained a sword and a little dog. 
 He now opened this box, took out the dog and, rubbing him down 
 and up, said, "Grow big." The dog grew and became very big. 
 Then he told him to go and bite off the sea-serpent's horn. The dog 
 snapped the horn right off, pulled it out of his master's foot, and 
 then licked the wound until it was fully healed. Then the boy 
 went home with the water. 
 
 The father was very angry, for the boy had been gone a long time. 
 The boy told his father all that had happened, and the father 
 again said to himself, "Well, I'll kill that boy next winter. I'll 
 get a moose to run by this house and then go straight north. 
 I'll let a week pass before I tell the boy that the moose passed this 
 way." 
 
 When winter came, the boy went out to hunt again, but for some 
 days he brought back nothing, nor had he seen any game pass the 
 house. About a week later, the father told the boy that someone's 
 tracks were to be seen in front of the house. The boy said that he 
 would go after the game in the morning. So the following morn- 
 ing he got up very early and set out. He shot his arrow due north 
 and followed it through the air for one day, when he saw a moose 
 running just ahead of him. He quickly descended, killed the moose 
 and then proceeded to skin it. When he got through, it was dark, 
 and he decided to stay there for the night. He hung the body upon 
 a branch and, wrapping himself up in the hide, he went to sleep. 
 As the hide was still wet, it froze upon his body, and in the morning 
 he found that he couldn't get it off. 
 
 When the father saw that the boy did not return, he said, "Now 
 we have at last got rid of him, for he would have killed all the ani- 
 mals around here." The girl overheard him and said, "As you
 
 70 
 
 have killed my brother purposely, I will not stay here. I will go 
 and look for him." She too had received a gift from her mother 
 and this was the power of transforming herself into a wolf. 
 
 The following morning she started off, and travelled days and 
 days towards the north until she came to a lake. Then she thought 
 she would change herself into a wolf. She walked along the edge 
 of the lake, for such is the custom of wolves, and went almost 
 entirely around the island when she suddenly smelt meat. She 
 thought that this was probably the place where her brother had 
 died. When looking around, she saw the body of a moose hanging 
 on a tree. She built a fire and started to thaw the meat out. 
 Pretty soon she came to another part of the moose and to the 
 hide which was rolled up. When this was thawed out, the boy 
 got up and began to tell her the story of how his father and brothers 
 had planned this whole trick. The girl said, "We will let them 
 starve. We will not return there any more, but strike out for an- 
 other place." 
 
 
 
 They walked on for many days, until spring came. They came to 
 a place where there were many maples. Here they built their house 
 and began to make sugar. One day the boy noticed big tracks, 
 indicating that some sea-serpent had crawled by. In the morning 
 he started out for the river. He saw a sea-serpent with only one 
 horn coming along. He knew right away that this sea-serpent 
 was the one his dog had bitten. He quickly took his arrow, shot 
 the sea-serpent, and then pulling himself out of the water, started 
 back for his home. When he got home, he told his sister the story 
 of the missing horn. He then skinned the sea-serpent and, cutting 
 off a large slice of meat, brought it to his father. 
 
 One day, as the boy came near his father's house, he heard a 
 great noise within. He peeped through the window and saw 
 three large snakes lying coiled up. These were his father and 
 brothers. He took his arrows and shot them, chopped them all 
 up, and told his sister to make baskets into which they could put 
 the meat. They took this meat along with them, and whenever 
 the ground was hollow, they threw out a handful of the meat, 
 calling each piece by the name of the animal into which they 
 wished to have it changed. In this way they created toads, 
 snakes, frogs, and pollywogs.
 
 71 
 
 (36) THE BOY WHO FREED THE ANIMALS IMPRISONED 
 BY THE CHIEF. 1 
 
 Told by Sam Lute, Chcmung Lake. 
 
 Once there was an old woman who was living together with her 
 little grandson. She was rather deaf and always told the boy not 
 to go far when he was hunting, for she would not be able to hear 
 him if he got lost. 
 
 One day the boy went farther than he had ever gone before, and 
 did not know how to get home. After he had walked for some time, 
 he climbed a tree, and saw that there was a house near by. He 
 looked into the house and saw no one, but there stood a table, all 
 set with many good things to eat. He went in and helped himself. 
 
 When the people of the house appeared, he hid himself under the 
 table, and when they all sat down to eat, he crawled out. The 
 chief asked him where he had come from, and he answered, "From 
 under the table." Then the chief said, "You will stay with me 
 and I will make use of you after this." 
 
 The chief gave him a piece of meat, which he was to give to the 
 horse, and some hay for the lion and the silver-grey fox. The 
 boy went out to feed the animals, as he had been told, but the ani- 
 mals refused to eat. The next morning the horse said to him, 
 "I do not eat meat. Give me some hay and give the meat to the 
 fox and the lion. And," continued he, "we animals want to get 
 away from here; you lead us out tomorrow." In the evening the 
 boy fed the horse with as much hay as he wanted. The next 
 morning the boy led out the horse and the lion and the fox. He 
 bade good-bye to the lion, who blessed him and told him that he 
 would help him in war, and parted with the fox, who blessed him 
 with silver. Then he and the horse started off together. 
 
 He rode on for a day, when he saw the chief coming. He threw 
 back his awl, which he always carried with him, and soon many 
 awls suddenly appeared between himself and the chief. It was 
 not long, however, before the chief was again in pursuit. Then 
 the boy threw his steel-piece backward and said, "Let there be 
 fire, east and west, that the chief may be blocked." But the chief, 
 nevertheless, did come through and was again upon the boy's 
 track. Then the boy threw out his flint and said, "Let there be 
 
 1 Probably of European origin.
 
 72 
 
 a mountain of flint east and west." The horse stopped and 
 said to the boy, "We must stop here and watch the chief's blood, 
 as it comes over the mountain of flint, and if one drop should roll 
 down, he will be upon us." So they stopped and soon saw the 
 blood reach the top of the mountain, but it dried there and not 
 one drop rolled down. Then the horse said, "The chief is dead. 
 Now, I want you to go over to that little creek and get the axe 
 you will find there. Then chop off my head." "How do you know 
 there is an axe there?" said the boy. The horse answered, "We 
 always water our cattle there in the winter time." The boy did 
 not want to chop off the horse's head, but the horse told him that 
 if he would chop off his head, he would change back into his original 
 form. Whereupon the boy took the axe and chopped off the 
 horse's head, and instantly a girl appeared. 
 
 He took the girl to her home and she told her father that this boy 
 had rescued her from the chief and that she was going to marry 
 him. But the father said, "If you marry this boy, you will have 
 to leave this house." The girl said, "Well, then, I will go." 
 
 The boy and girl went away, and after a time came to a house 
 which they made their home. Soon a war broke out and all the 
 men went to fight. In order to tease him, they asked him if he 
 didn't intend to go, but he answered that he had no horse. So 
 they gave him an old plug which they told him he could use, if he 
 wished to go. 
 
 When they started off, he was soon left behind, but when he 
 came to the woods, he called on the silver fox, and soon he had a 
 fine horse. Then he galloped off and soon far outdistanced the 
 others, and it was not long before he met the enemy. He called 
 on the lion to help him, and before the others had come up, he 
 had killed the enemy. Then he turned around and went home on 
 his old plug. From that time on, he was the only one who could 
 conquer the enemy in battle. 
 
 (37) THE BOY WHO SETTLED THE QUARREL OF THE 
 WOLF, RAVEN, AND SPIDER. 1 
 
 Told by Sam Lute, Chemung Lake. 
 
 There was once a man who made his living by working out among 
 the other Indians. One day he thought he could find something 
 better to do. 
 
 Probably of European origin.
 
 73 
 
 He started off, and when he had walked five days, he saw a 
 chief coming with his men, and he was afraid of them. He decided 
 to hide in a tree. The chief and his men stopped under this tree 
 to rest, and soon they were all asleep. The man in the tree also 
 fell asleep, and dropped the pail which he had taken with him. 
 The chief, not knowing where the pail had come from, got frighten- 
 ed, and calling together his men, ran away, leaving everything they 
 had brought along with them. As soon as they were gone, the man 
 jumped down from the tree, and, dressing himself up in the chief's 
 clothes, took his horse and went off in the direction from which 
 the chief had come. 
 
 When he had travelled about a day, he came to the chief's 
 house. When the people saw him coming, they thought he was 
 their chief, returning all alone. They took him in and sat him in 
 the chief's seat. Pretty soon the real chief and his men returned, 
 and the man was thrown naked out of the house and made a 
 prisoner. 
 
 However, he managed to escape, and, after running for two days, 
 he came upon a Wolf, a Raven, and a Spider. The Wolf said to 
 him, "We want you to divide this deer into three parts, for we 
 have been quarrelling about its proper division." The man cut 
 the deer into three parts, and then started to go away, when the 
 Wolf said, "I will bless you. Whenever you wish to transform 
 yourself into a wolf, all you will have to do, is to rub your head." 
 Then the Raven and the Spider blessed him too, and told him that 
 he would be able to transform himself into either of them at will. 
 
 He went on again for days, until he came to a little hut. Looking 
 in, he saw an old man, who said to him, "Come in," but the man 
 said, "I am naked." A blanket was thrown out to him, which he 
 donned, and came in. The old man then asked him who he was 
 and where he had come from, and he answered that he had come 
 from a distant village and that he had made his living by working 
 around among the other Indians. "That is just what I am doing," 
 said the old man, "so let us go out together." Then the stranger 
 said, "Let us go out tomorrow and get work," but the old man said, 
 "No one will work tomorrow, for a cloud is coming down to take 
 away the chief's daughter." However, the stranger said that he 
 would work anyway. 
 
 The next morning the stranger started off, and when he was at 
 quite a distance, he changed himself into a spider and went to 
 the chief's house where he waited for the cloud to come. When
 
 74 
 
 he returned to the hut, in the evening, the old man asked him if he 
 had worked,*and"he answered, "Yes, but I will not receive any pay 
 until tomorrow." The following morning he again went out, 
 and changing himself into a spider, he started for the direction 
 the cloud had gone with the chief's daughter. 
 
 After he had climbed for about a day, on his web, he came to 
 a house in which there were two girls, one very stout, and the other 
 very slim. He went into the house and hid under a chip, and when 
 one of the girls was about to step on him, he yelled. The girl 
 said to him, "Take us home," and he said, "I will, after you tell 
 me what your master does." The girl said, "After he has a meal, 
 he sits down on the floor and we scratch him all over until he falls 
 asleep." Then the spider said, "Tomorrow at noon I will be here, 
 and when you scratch his back let him fall asleep with his head 
 towards the door, and I will cut his head off." Then he climbed 
 down from his web, went to the chief's house, and showed him 
 some tokens which the girls had sent to him. The chief said, 
 "If you bring back my two daughters, you can marry either of 
 them." 
 
 The next day the spider climbed up again to the little house 
 and hid under the table, while the man had his dinner. After 
 dinner the girls scratched his back until he fell asleep. Then the 
 spider took an axe and chopped off his head. He told the girls 
 not to let the head come near the body, for if it did, it would unite 
 with the body again and the man would kill them all. After the 
 spider had fought the body for a while, he killed it, and then took 
 the girls down his web to their father's house. 
 
 He married both of them, but before long, the fat one died and 
 he remained with the slim one only. One day the chief told them 
 to go for a boat-ride on the lake and told two men to go with them. 
 When they got quite a distance out, one of the men said to the 
 husband, "There is something the matter with this boat near the 
 stern," and then, while the husband was looking at the stern, 
 they threw him overboard. This was what the chief had asked 
 them to do. Then the husband changed himself into a spider 
 and floated on the top of the water. Finally he came to an island, 
 where he found much to eat. After he had stayed there a while, 
 he called over a raven to take him to the mainland. When he 
 reached the land, he started working again, until he came to the old 
 place where he had been when he was naked. The man who lived 
 there said, "Tomorrow we do not work, for the chief's daughter
 
 75 
 
 is going to be married to the best dancer. Her husband drowned 
 some time ago when they were out boat-riding. " The following day 
 the two men went over to the chief's house, and there the spider 
 danced and won his wife for the second time. Then he killed the 
 chief who had caused him to be thrown overboard, and lived 
 there with his wife. 
 
 (38) THE WOMAN WHO MARRIED A THUNDER-BIRD. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 There was once a young woman who lived together with her 
 crippled brother and a little dog. The girl worked very hard to 
 support her brother. She used to hunt, and pick wild potatoes, 
 which she dried^for winter use. 
 
 One day, when she was out picking these potatoes, a gust of 
 wind embraced her, and it was not long after this that she knew 
 she would have a child. 
 
 After the child was born, she continued with her regular work, 
 hunting and picking potatoes, while the little dog nursed the 
 baby. Every day the woman wished that the father of the child 
 would come and help her raise the child. Finally, one day, she 
 saw a cloud descending near her house, and when she got home 
 in the evening, the child was gone. She worried very much 
 about this, and wished that the cloud would come and take her 
 brother and herself also. 
 
 One day the cloud came again and a man stepped out who took 
 her and her brother away to his own land. The country there 
 was very fine and she lived there for a long time before she knew 
 that she had married a Thunder-bird. 
 
 (39) REDBIRD AND BLACKBIRD. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once there were two men whose names were Redbird and Black- 
 bird, and they lived along the shore of a lake. They used to dig 
 for wild potatoes, which was all the food they ever had. 
 (F)
 
 76 
 
 One day Blackbird told Redbird that across the lake there were 
 great fields of wild rice which they ought to go and gather. So, 
 on the following day, they crossed the lake and there saw a great 
 deal of wild rice. They began gathering the rice, when they saw 
 some other people near by. They walked over to them and said, 
 "Good day, good day." The people said, "Why have we never 
 seen you before?" The two men answered that they lived across 
 the lake and had come over to pick some rice, for they had never 
 had anything else to eat but wild potatoes. The people said 
 that they did right in coming over, for they ought to have some 
 good food. Then Redbird and Blackbird said, "Before we go home 
 we would like to shake hands with you all, for some day we may 
 meet you again . " So they shook hands all around and went home . 
 
 After the two men had left, the people decided to go over to their 
 house, kill the two men, and steal all their wild potatoes. Black- 
 bird, however, knew that they were going to be attacked, but 
 didn't know what to do in order to escape. He said to Redbird, 
 "What will you do when the people come here to kill us?" Red- 
 bird answered, "Watch me and you will see," and then he began 
 to grow smaller and smaller until there was only a feather left 
 on the ground. Then he came back to his old form and said, 
 "This is what I will do. Now, what will you do?" Then Black- 
 bird threw himself against the house and soon there was only an 
 awl standing there, and when he changed back to his old form, he 
 said, "This is what I will do. Tomorrow they will arrive, so we 
 had better hide now." 
 
 In the morning the people arrived, and as they couldn't find the 
 two men, they returned to their home. 
 
 Redbird and Blackbird, however, were afraid that if they stayed 
 they would surely be killed some time, so they decided to go away. 
 They both transformed themselves into birds. Blackbird flew 
 to some other lake to live, and Redbird flew to the woods. 
 
 (40) THE FOX AND THE INDIANS. 
 Told by J. Fisher, Muncie. 
 
 Once there were some people who lived on one side of a river, 
 while on the other lived a Fox who was their enemy and who had 
 come to fight them. One day the Fox killed one of their women, 
 whereupon the people said that they would not stay there any 
 longer, for he might kill them all.
 
 77 
 
 When the people had left, the Fox started to fish, and caught 
 many mullets and saved the fish-oil. One night, as the Fox was 
 about to eat, he heard the woman whom he had killed singing, 
 "Fox, Fox, Fox, his buttocks are getting smaller." The Fox said, 
 "She is telling a lie, I am not like that." Then the Fox went across 
 the river to see the woman. When he returned, his grandmother 
 told him not to go near the woman or the Indians would kill him. 
 
 The following night the Fox again crossed the river and brought 
 back with him the body of the woman. He told his grandmother 
 to steam the woman's body with fish-oil. The grandmother did 
 this, and soon the woman came to life again. Whereupon the 
 Fox married her. 
 
 After they had lived together for some time, they started out 
 to look for the woman's parents. They soon found them. The 
 parents killed the Fox, and the woman was once more free. 
 
 (41) THE LAZY MAN. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once there lived a young man who married a girl living with her 
 parents on the opposite side of his camping place. This young 
 man was a great hunter, and killed all kinds of game. 
 
 One time it so happened that for three days he found nothing to 
 kill, not even a bird. On the morning of the fourth day he told his 
 wife to get ready, for they were going to leave that part of the coun- 
 try and go to some place where there would be a great deal of 
 game. 
 
 They started off and walked for two days; then they stopped and 
 pitched their tent. In the morning he went out to hunt and 
 brought back a deer. For some time he found plenty of game, 
 and then a day came when he could find nothing, and for three 
 days he did not kill a thing. On the morning of the fourth day 
 he got up and told his wife that he heard someone coming. She 
 said that she could not hear anything, so he told her to put her 
 head down and listen with her ear touching the ground. Then she 
 heard footsteps. Her husband said to her, "In about three days 
 that man will be here; therefore you get ready and go back to our 
 people, and I'll stay here to fight him. On the second day after
 
 78 
 
 you leave here, you will hear me groan; that will be when he has 
 killed me. When you hear that groan, you climb a tree, for he will 
 chase you; but as he will not know enough to think of looking for 
 you in a tree, he will give up pursuing you. Then you'll go on 
 home and tell our people." 
 
 When the woman arrived at her old home, she told her people 
 that a giant, with only one big eye in the centre of his forehead, 
 had killed her husband and pursued her part of the way. The 
 people held a council. They picked out six brave warriors . to 
 go and kill the giant. The six men went, but they never re- 
 turned. Now, there were no more strong men left, and all the 
 people were crying. There was one lazy man who was a nuisance 
 to everyone and he said, "What are you crying about?" "Have 
 you not heard of the giant who has killed all our men?" said the 
 people. "I will go over there myself and kill him. I know that 
 giant. He has only one eye, and he is afraid of me," answered 
 the lazy man. Then he picked out three men who were to go 
 with him, and in the evening they started off. 
 
 They had not gone very far when they stopped and pitched 
 their tent, and the people could hear them chopping wood. The 
 next day they proceeded with their journey, but in the evening they 
 rested, so that it took them three days to make the journey which 
 would have taken another man but one day. 
 
 When they got to the door of the giant's house, the lazy man told 
 them to pitch their tent, but the men were afraid to stay so near 
 the house. Then the lazy man said, "He will not hear us until I 
 speak to him." They slept peacefully that night, outside the 
 giant's door. In the morning the lazy man spoke to the giant. 
 "I am here," he said. Then the giant flew out with a club, but 
 when he saw who was there, he begged for mercy. "Did you have 
 any mercy on our men, when you killed them?" asked the lazy 
 man. Then he told one of the men to go and make a hole in the 
 ice, where they would throw the body of the giant after he had 
 killed him. 
 
 All day long, the lazy man fought the giant, and finally he 
 succeeded in cutting off his head. Then, while the other men 
 held the head, he fought the body, and in the evening the giant 
 was dead and his body was thrown into the lake. Then the 
 men went to the place where their ten men lay dead, and raised 
 them, and they all marched home together, glad and happy.
 
 79 
 
 (42) THE MAN WHO WENT IN SEARCH OF A WIFE. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once Wawasung lived on the shore of a lake, where he hunted 
 every day. One day he decided to hunt for a wife. Before he set 
 out for this purpose, he caught and killed a bear, a raccoon, and a 
 deer, plucked out their hair, and put it into a bag. Now he was 
 ready to go and hunt for his wife. 
 
 On the following day he started out along the shore of the lake. 
 He walked all day, and in the evening pitched his tipi and slept. 
 Early the next morning he continued on his journey, and about 
 noon he came upon the tracks of a woman, pointing in the same 
 direction as he was walking. In the evening he again pitched his 
 tipi and went to sleep. When he awoke, he walked along the shore 
 until he came to a tree. He sat down and whittled a piece of 
 wood, and carried some of the shavings back to the tipi. 
 
 The following morning, as the woman was walking along the 
 lake, she noticed the place where the man had sat the day before. 
 She sat down in the same place and said, "I wish that the man who 
 sat here were sitting here with me." When she left, she took some 
 of the shavings to make a fire. 
 
 The man knew what the woman had said while sitting on the 
 log, and he thought that the next morning he would sit down on 
 the log where he could not be seen by the woman. So, in the morn- 
 ing, he went and sat down on the log, and after a while the woman 
 came and sat down also, but she did not see the man. Then she 
 said aloud, "I would like to marry that man." Then the man spoke 
 and said, "Well, I will marry you." He took the woman to his 
 home. 
 
 That evening he told the woman to take the bear's hair, which 
 he had saved, and put it in a hollow tree and in the morning return 
 to the tree and see what had happened. The woman did as she 
 was told, and in the morning she found a bear in the tree. She 
 told the man about the bear, and he went out and killed it. That 
 evening she put the raccoon's hair into the tree, and in the morn- 
 ing there were two raccoons there, which the man killed. Then 
 she put the deer's hair somewhere near their house, and when she 
 got to the house, she saw many deer which he also killed. Then 
 they went home and must be living there yet.
 
 80 
 
 (43) THE TURTLE AND THE THUNDER-BIRD. 1 
 Told by Jim French, Muncie. 
 
 Once a Turtle was living all alone in a lake. Several times he 
 was suddenly struck by something, but when he came out to see 
 what it was that had struck him, he saw nothing. One day after 
 he had been struck, he thought he would get someone to help 
 him find the person who had been striking him. He went into the 
 woods and called out, "Who will help me, who will help me?" 
 A Deer ran out from a bush and said, "I will help you." "Come 
 on," said the Turtle, "but first let me see how you fight." The 
 Deer started to fight a tree and broke its horns. Then the Turtle 
 said, "You will not last long." He left the Deer and again called 
 out, "Who will help me?" A Bear came out and said, "I will help 
 you." He told the bear to show how well he could fight. The 
 Bear started to fight the tree, but he was so clumsy in jumping 
 around that the Turtle told him he would not last long when he 
 fought the giant whom the Turtle was after. He began again 
 to call for help, when he came to a little swamp and heard some- 
 one say, "We will." The Turtle called to them to come out and 
 show how they could fight. A big crowd of little Turtles came out 
 and started to fight him, so that they almost killed him. He told 
 them that they were the ones he was looking for, and he marched 
 them off to the lake where he lived and left them just outside. 
 Suddenly a big stone fell down upon the little Turtles and killed 
 them all. When the Turtle ran out to see what had happened, he 
 saw a big bird flying overhead. He ran to his neighbour who had 
 ducked into the water when the bird appeared, and said, "What 
 bird was that?" The big Snake answered, "A Thunder-bird, 
 and I am very much afraid of it." 
 
 Since then the Turtle will stay under the water when there is a 
 thunder-storm. 
 
 (44) THE RACCOON AND THE BLIND MAN. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once a Raccoon was living near a lake all winter, and hi the 
 spring he came out to find something to eat. As he walked along, 
 he saw a basswood-bark string. He followed this up until he came 
 
 1 Cf. Tale 30.
 
 81 
 
 to the place where it was tied, and found that it was attached to 
 two blind men, who followed it in order to guide themselves. 
 The Raccoon untied the string and fastened it to some other place, 
 ^that the men might get lost. When the men missed the string, 
 they began to quarrel and then to fight. The Raccoon stood there 
 and laughed at them until he was tired, and then he put the string 
 back into its former place. 
 
 The Raccoon then went on his way, and when he had walked 
 for half a day, he saw a woman. When the woman saw the Rac- 
 coon she said, "I will kill him and have him for dinner." When 
 the Raccoon heard this, he started to run, but soon he gave up and 
 told the woman that if she would not kill him, he would tell her 
 what to do in order to make her daughter grow taller in a day. 
 The woman was satisfied, so the Raccoon told her to take her 
 daughter to the river, throw her in, and hold her there for a while 
 by the hair. 
 
 When the woman got home, she did exactly as the Raccoon had 
 told her, whereupon the daughter got taller and the Raccoon 
 was allowed to live. 
 
 (45) THE TWO LITTLE BOYS. 
 Told by John Henry, Kettle Point. 
 
 Once there lived an old couple, and they had one son. The 
 father hunted all the time. The woman and her son often used to 
 walk along the shore, and one day, when they returned and told 
 the man what they had seen, he said, "Don't you walk there again, 
 as there are some minetos in the river who will kill you." 
 
 The following morning, when the woman went for water, she 
 saw someone coming behind her, and when it got quite near, it 
 proved to be a lion. The lion killed her. The son saw the mother 
 being killed and how her intestines were thrown on a stump. 
 When his father came home in the evening, he told him all that had 
 happened. 
 
 One day the boy asked his father to make him a bow and arrow,, 
 for the chickadees were eating up their dried meat. While he was 
 out, the boy thought of his mother and said, "I will not be afraid 
 now of anyone who may come along," and he hoped that he would 
 meet the one who had killed his mother.
 
 82 
 
 Once when he shot his arrow through the open door, he lost it. 
 He took another arrow and shot it from the same place to see 
 where it would go. Soon he saw a boy pick up the arrow and run 
 with it towards the stump. He said to him, "Well, are you the 
 one who wishes to steal my arrow? Come along with me and I ' 
 will give you some meat." But the boy said, "I will not go with 
 you, for your father will not let me return." Then the son told 
 the boy that his father was not at home, and together they went 
 into the house. The strange boy ate some meat and, when he had 
 finished, said, "Now, I will go." 
 
 In the evening, when the father came home, he noticed that a 
 great deal of meat was gone and he asked his boy who had eaten so 
 much meat. The boy said, "I was here alone." The next morn- 
 ing he told his son he was going to hunt, but instead he hid him- 
 self in the bushes near the house to watch. Soon he saw his 
 boy run towards the stump and then two boys come back to the 
 house. He went into the house and told the boys to remain there 
 very quietly. As soon as he went away, however, they ran out- 
 side to play. The son wanted to play, "Cutting our heads off," 
 but the other boy did not want to have his head cutoff, so the 
 son cut his off first and then the other one followed suit, and so 
 they played for some time. 
 
 After a while the son said, "Our father told us to go to the 
 river," but the other boy said, "He did not." "I heard him say 
 so," said the son. So they went to the river and they saw someone 
 running along the shore on th e opposite side of the river. "Did you 
 see the one who ran along the shore?" said the son. "Yes," said 
 the other, "and that is the one who killed our mother." "What 
 shall we do to kill him?" Then the son answered, "Let us walk 
 a little further, and soon he will come to this place, and then we 
 will fight him." 
 
 Soon the lion arrived, and the boys fought and killed him. They 
 skinned him, so that their father might have something to lie on. 
 When the father came home, he found a lion's skin on his bed and 
 wondered where it had come from. Then the boys told him how 
 it all happened, namely, that they had left the house when he 
 went away and had gone down to the river. There they saw the 
 white lion running towards them. The younger boy had run down 
 the hill to fight the lion first, and then it was not long before they 
 had killed him. Then they had skinned the lion and had brought 
 home the skin for their father to lie upon, that his bed might be soft.
 
 83 
 
 When the father heard the story, he was afraid to stay in that 
 place any longer, so the following morning he left the house, 
 leaving the two boys behind him alone. The boys knew that their 
 father had gone away for good, but they did not care to follow him. 
 And there they must be living yet.
 
 CLASSIFIED LIST OF RECENT REPORTS OF 
 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 
 
 Since 1910, reports issued by the Geological Survey have 
 been called memoirs and have been numbered Memoir 1, Memoir 
 2, etc. Owing to delays incidental to the publishing of reports 
 and their accompanying maps, not all of the reports have been 
 called memoirs, and the memoirs have not been issued in the order 
 of their assigned numbers, and, therefore, the following list has 
 been prepared to prevent any misconceptions arising on this 
 account.
 
 ii 
 
 Memoirs and Reports Published During 1910. 
 
 REPORTS. 
 
 Report on a geological reconnaissance of the region traversed by the National 
 
 Transcontinental railway between Lake N ; ptgon and Clay lake, Ont. 
 
 by W. H. Collins. No. 1059. 
 Report on the geological position and characteristics of the oil-shale deposits 
 
 of Canada by R. W. Ells. No. 1107. 
 A reconnaissance across the Mackenzie mountains on the Pelly, Ross, and 
 
 Gravel rivers, Yukon and North West Territories by Joseph Keele. 
 
 No. 1097. 
 
 MEMOIRS GEOLOGICAL SERIES. 
 
 MEMOIB 1. No. i, Geological Series. Geology of the Nipigon basin, 
 Ontario by Alfred W. G. Wilson. 
 
 MEMOIR 2. No. 2, Geological Series. Geology and ore deposits of Hedley 
 Mining district, British Columbia by Charles Camsell. 
 
 MEMOIR 3. No. 3, Geological Series. Palaeoniscid fishes from the Albert 
 shales of New Brunswick by Lawrence M. Lambe. 
 
 MEMOIR 5. No. 4, Geological Series. Preliminary memoir on the Lewes 
 and Nordenskiold Rivers coal district, Yukon Territory 
 by D. D. Cairnes. 
 
 MEMOIR 6. No. 5, Geological Series. Geology of the Haliburton and 
 Bancroft areas, Province of Ontario by Frank D. Adams 
 and Alfred E. Barlow. 
 
 MEMOIR 7. No. 6 Geological Series. Geology of St. Bruno mountain, 
 Province of Quebec by John A. Dresser. 
 
 MEMOIRS TOPOGRAPHICAL SERIES. 
 
 MEMOIR 11. No. I, Topographical Series. Triangulation and spirit levelling 
 of Vancouver island, B.C., 1909 by R. H. Chapman.
 
 Memoirs and Reports Published During 1911. 
 
 REPORTS. 
 
 Report on a traverse through the southern part of the North West Terri- 
 tories, from Lac Seul to Cat lake, in 1902 by Alfred W. G. Wilson. 
 No. 1006. 
 
 Report on a part of the North West Territories drained by the Winisk and 
 Upper Attawapiskat rivers by W. Mclnnes. No. 1080. 
 
 Report on the geology of an area adjoining the east side of Lake Timis- 
 kaming by Morley E. Wilson. No. 1064. 
 
 MEMOIRS GEOLOGICAL SERIES. 
 
 MEMOIR 4. No. 7, Geological Series. Geological reconnaissance along the 
 line of the National Transcontinental railway in western 
 Quebec by W. J. Wilson. 
 
 MEMOIR 8. No. 8, Geological Series. The Edmonton coal field, Alberta 
 by D. B. Bowling. 
 
 MEMOIR 9. No. 9, Geological Series. Bighorn coal basin, Alberta by 
 G. S. Malloch. 
 
 MEMOIR 10. No. 10, Geological Series. An instrumental survey of the 
 shore-lines of the extinct lakes Algonquin and Nipissing 
 in southwestern Ontario by J. W. Goldthwait. 
 
 MEMOIR 12. No. u, Geological Series. Insects from the Tertiary lake 
 deposits of the southern interior of British Columbia, 
 collected by Mr. Lawrence M. Lambe, in 1906 by Anton 
 Handlirsch. 
 
 MEMOIR 15. No. 12, Geological Series. On a Trenton Echinoderm fauna 
 at Kirkfield, Ontario by Frank Springer. 
 
 MEMOIR 16. No. 13, Geological Series. The clay and shale deposits of 
 Nova Scotia and portions of New Brunswick by Heinrich 
 Ries assisted by Joseph Keele. 
 
 MEMOIRS-BIOLOGICAL SERIES. 
 
 MEMOIR 14. No. i, Biological Series. New species of shells collected by 
 Mr. John Macoun at Barkley sound, Vancouver island, 
 British Columbia by William H. Dall and Paul Bartsch.
 
 iv 
 
 Memoirs Published During 1912. 
 
 MEMOIRS GEOLOGICAL SERIES. 
 
 MEMOIR 13. No. 14, Geological Series. Southern Vancouver island by 
 Charles H. Clapp. 
 
 MEMOIB 21. No. 15, Geological Series. The geology and ore deposits of 
 Phoenix, Boundary district, British Columbia by O. E. 
 LeRoy. 
 
 MEMOIB 24. No. 16, Geological Series. Preliminary report on the clay and 
 shale deposits of the western provinces by Heinrich Ries 
 and Joseph Keele. 
 
 MEMOIB 27. No. 17, Geological Series. Report of the Commission appoint- 
 ed to investigate Turtle Mountain, Frank, Alberta, 1911. 
 
 MEMOIB 28. No. 18, Geological Series. The geology of Steeprock lake, 
 Ontario by Andrew C. Lawson. Notes on fossils from 
 limestone of Steeprock lake, Ontario by Charles D. 
 Walcott. 
 
 Memoirs Published During 1913. 
 
 MEMOIRS GEOLOGICAL SERIES. 
 
 MEMOIB 17. No. 28, Geological Series. Geology and economic resources 
 of the Larder Lake district, Ont., and adjoining portions 
 of Pontiac county, Que. by Morley E. Wilson. 
 
 MEMOIB 18. No. 19, Geological Series. Bathurst district, New Bruns- 
 wick by G. A. Young. 
 
 MEMOIB 26. No. 34, Geological Series. Tulameen Mining district, B.C. 
 by C. Camsell. 
 
 MEMOIB 29. No. 32, Geological Series. Oil and gas prospects of the north- 
 west provinces of Canada by W. Malcolm. 
 
 MEMOIB 31. No. 20, Geological Series. Wheaton district, Yukon Terri- 
 toryby D. D. Cairnes. 
 
 MEMOIB 33. No. 30, Geological Series. The geology of Gowganda Mining 
 division by W. H. Collins. 
 
 MEMOIB 35. No. 29, Geological Series. Reconnaissance along the National 
 Transcontinental railway in southern Quebec by John 
 A. Dresser. 
 
 MEMOIB 37. No. 22, Geological Series. Portions of Atlin district, B.C. 
 by D. D. Cairnes. 
 
 MEMOIB 38. No. 31, Geological Series. Geology of the North American 
 Cordillera at the forty-ninth parallel, Parts I and II 
 by Reginald Aldworth Daly.
 
 Memoirs Published During 1914. 
 
 MEMOIRS-GEOLOGICAL SERIES. 
 
 MEMOIB 23. No. 23, Geological Series. Geology of the coast and islands 
 between the Strait of Georgia and Queen Charlotte sound, 
 B.C. by J. Austen Bancroft. 
 
 MEMOIB 25. No. 21, Geological Series. Clay and shale deposits of 
 the western provinces (Part II) by Heinrich 
 Ries and Joseph Keele. 
 
 MEMOIB 30. No. 40, Geological Series. The basins of Nelson and Churchill 
 rivers by W. Mclnnes. 
 
 Memoirs in Press, February 10, 1914. 
 
 MEMOIB 40. No. 24, Geological Series. The Archaean geology of Rainy 
 lake by Andrew C. Lawson. 
 
 MEMOIB 32. No. 25, Geological Series. Portions of Portland Canal and 
 Skeena Mining divisions, Skeena district, B.C. by R. G. 
 McConnell. 
 
 MEMOIB 19. No. 26, Geological Series. Geology of Mother Lode and Sun- 
 set mines, Boundary district, B.C. by O. E. LeRoy. 
 
 MEMOIB 22. No. 27, Geological Series. Preliminary report on the serpen- 
 tines and associated rocks in southern Quebec by J. 
 A. Dresser. 
 
 MEMOIB 36. No. 33, Geological Series. Geology of the Victoria and Saan- 
 ich map-areas, B.C. by C. H. Clapp. 
 
 MEMOIB 39. No. 35, Geological Series. Kewagama Lake map-area, Quebec. 
 by M. E. Wilson. 
 
 MEMOIB 43. No. 36, Geological Series. St. Hilaire (Beloeil) and Rouge- 
 mont mountains, Quebec by J. J. O'Neill. 
 
 MEMOIB 44. No. 37, Geological Series. Clay and shale deposits of New 
 Brunswick by J. Keele. 
 
 MEMOIB 20. Geological Series. Gold fields of Nova Scotia by W. Mal- 
 colm. 
 
 MEMOIB 41. No. 38, Geological Series. The "Fern Ledges" Carboniferous 
 flora of St. John, New Brunswick by Marie C. Stopes. 
 
 MEMOIB 47. No. 39, Geological Series. Clay and shale deposits of the 
 western provinces, (Part III) by Heinrich Ries. 
 
 MEMOIB 42. No. i, Anthropological Series. The double-curve motive in 
 northeastern Algonkian art by Frank G. Speck. 
 
 MEMOIB 48. No. 2, Anthropological Series. Some myths and tales of the 
 Ojibwa of southeastern Ontario collected by Paul Radin. 
 
 MEMOIB 45. No. 3, Anthropological Series. The inviting-in feast of the 
 Alaska Eskimo by E. W. Hawkes. 
 
 MEMOIB 49. Anthropological Series. Malecite tales by W. H. Mechling.
 
 14757 
 
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