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THE LIBRARY
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THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
GIFT OF
COMMODORE BYRON MCCANDLESS
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ORIGINAL
MEMOIRS,
WRITTEN
DURING THE GREAT CIVIL WAR;
BEING
THE LIFE
OF
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY,
AND MEMOIRS OF ^
CAPT. HODGSON.
WITH
NOTES, &c.
EDINBURGH:
Printed by James Balluntyne 4* Co.
i'QlK ARCH. CONSTABLE AND CO. EDINBURGH;
AND JOHN MURRAY, 32, FLEET-STREET, LONDON,
180f).
PA
HI"?
1-?
5^ A'
CONTENTS.
I. Some Account of Sir Henry Slingsby, Bart. . . . 1
II. Memoirs of" Sir Henry Slingsby, written by him-
self, 19
III. Memoirs of Captain John Hodgson, touching
his Contiuct in the Civil Wars, &c, written
by himself, 83
Kelations of the Campaigns of 0/iver Cromwell in
Scotland, l650,as published from the Originals,
by order of Parliament.
IV. A large Relation of the Fight at Leith, .... 203
V. A true Relation of the Proceedings of the Eng-
I lish Army, from 22d July to 1st August, 1650, 223
^ VI. A true Relation of the Daily Proceedings and
Transactions of the Army in Scotland ; cer-
tified by Letters from the Head-Quarters at
Stonehill; 23d August, 249
CONTENTS.
Page.
VII. Several] Letters from Scotland, read in Parlia-
mtnl, 6tli September, \6oO, 259
VIII. A true Relation of" the Routing the Scotish
Army, near Dunbar, 3d September, 16jO, 273
IX. A Letter from the Lord General Cromwell,
from Dunbar; with a List of the Scotish
Officers then taken, 3d September, 1630, 289
X. The Lord GeneraJl Cromwell his March to Ster-
ling ; being a Diary of all Proceedings in the
Army, from their march out of Edinburgh,
to the 25th September, 1650, 313
XI. Letters from the Head-Quarters of the Army
in Scotland to October 30, 1650, S25
XII. A Letter from Sir Arthur Hesilrige, concern-
ing the Scots Prisoners, 337
XIII. The Articles of the Rendition of Edinburgh
Castle, &c. 24th December, 1650, 347
XIV. A true Relation of the second Victorie over
the Scots at Hamilton, commanded by Co-
loncllver, 36l
I
SOME ACCOUNT
OF
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY.
SOME ACCOUNT
OF
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY,
AUTHOR OF THE FOLLOWING MEMOIRS.
J^iR Henry Sling sby, Bart, was proprietor of the
large estates of Scriven and Redhouse, in the West
Riding of Yorkshire. These possessions had devolved
on him through a long line of ancestors ; the earliest of
whom, called Gamel, was the king's falconer, and set-
led at the manor of Scriven, near Knaresborough, soon
after the Conquest. He was keeper of the royal forest
of Knaresborough, an office held by his descendaats,
who assumed the name of Scriven from their place of
residence. In 1357, William de Slingsby married
Joanna, daughter and heir of Henry de Scriven, and in
her right succeeded to the office of hereditary forester
of the fon^st and parks of Knaresborough in the 11th
IV ACCOUNT OF
of Edward III. The Slingsbys had already great pos-
sessions in Yorkshire; for in ]£87 wc find Hykedon
Shngshy claiming a moiety of the manors of Brereton,
Scotton, and Thorpe, as having married one of the two
dauirhters and coheiresses of William de Nessfield.
This plea was resisted by John of Gaunt, who claimed
in right of purchase from Nesslield. The controversy
was referred to the decision of twelve of the best
knights and squires in the county*. From Henry de
Slingsby, the estate of Scriven and the office of royal
forester of Knaresborough descended in a direct line to
Sir Francis Slingsby, Knight, grandfather of our author,
who married Mar}', daughter of Sir Thomas Percy,
second brother to the earl of Northumberland, by
whom he had a numerous family. He died in I60O,
and was succeeded by Sir Henry Slingsby, his eldest
surviving son, who was High Sheriff of Yorkshire, and
one of the Lord President of the North's learned
council "f .
He married Frances, daughter of William Vavasour
of Weston, Esquire, by Frances, daughter of Sir Leo-
nard Beckwith of Selby. By this lady Sir Henry
Slingsby had** three sons and six daughters, 1st, Wil-
liam, killed in Florence; 2d, Sir Henry, author of
the following Memoirs, who succeeded to the estate ;
3d, Thomas, who died in France unmarried ; Eliza-
* Drake's Eboracum, p. 136.
t Ibid, p. 354, 369. Hargrove's History of Knaresborough, p. 127.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. V
beth, wife of Sir Thomas Metcalf, Knight ; Mary, wife
of Sir Walter Bethel, Knight ; Catherine, wife of Sir
John Fenwick, Knight; Alice, wife of Thomas Water-
ton, Esq ; Frances, wife of Bryan Stapleton, Esq. and
Eleanor, wife of Sir Arthur Ingram, Knight.
From the inscription upon his tomb, we learn, that
Sir Henry Slingsby was fifty-seven years of age at hi^;
death in ld58. He was born therefore in I6OI. He
married Barbara, third daughter of Thomas Bellasyse,
Viscount Fauconberg, and sister to John Bellasyse, crea-
ted Lord Bellasyse during his fatlier's life-time, who is
repeatedly mentioned in the following memoirs. Sir
Henry succeeded to the estates of Scriven and Red-
house upon the death of his father in J 733-4. When
Charles visited the north about this period, he honour-
ed Red-house with his presence, and passed the night
there *. At the same time, a favourite racer, belong-
ing to our author or his father, won the plate upon
Achombe Moor, the king being on the ground. In
memory of this steed, its effigy was cut in stone by An-
drew Karne, the Dutch statuary, and placed in the
centre of an area formed by the moat of the ancient
castle at Red-house. Our author was created a Baro-
net of JNova Scotia in 1638. With these short no-
tices, his memory might have obscurely remained in
the genealogical account of his family ; but the time
now approached which was to. draw forth into public
* The bed, in which the king slept, is still preserved at Red-house.
Vi ACCOUNT OP
notice and action many characters, who would other-
wise have only heen distinguished for domestic hos-
pitality and private benevolence.
In the unfortunate troubles which broke out in l640,
the part M'hich Sir Henry Slingsby had to espouse,
was dictated to him not only by his own loyalty, and
by the remembrance of that of a long line of ancestors,
but also by the attachment of his wife's relations and
his own to the royal cause. Amongst these we may
number some of the most zealous cavaliers. Such was
Lord Bellasyse, who, during the civil wars, raised no
less than six regiments of horse and foot for the king's
service, Henry Clifford, Earl of Cumberland, Sir Wal-
ter Vavasour, Sir John Fenwick, and many others. Of
his own name, we ought not to omit to mention his
cousin, Guilford Slingsby, the faithful secretary of the
high-minded Strafford.
It is not therefore surprising, that Sir Henry Slings-
by, thus educated and alHed, should have early embra-
ced the loyal party. His share in the transactions of
the dark and bloody period subsequent to 1640, is nar-
rated with singular modesty in the following Memoirs,
from which we here extract such notices as are neces-
sary to connect that active portion of his life with the
peaceful scenes which preceded it, and with the trage-
. dy of his legal murder.
When the Scottish war commenced in 1638-9, Sir Hen-
ry Slingsby served in Lord Holland's troop with two light
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. VII
horsemen. In the short parliament in April 1640, he
sat as burgess for Knaresborough, having, as he informs
us, carried his election, with much difficulty, against
Sir Richard Button, and Sir Henry Benson.
Our author seems to have had no share in the short
and disgraceful campaign against the Scots, which was
terminated by the treaty at Rippon. • His next public
situation was that of member for Knaresborough in
the long parliament, and in the eventful session of
November 1640. But after fourteen weeks atten-
dance in this stormy atmosphere. Sir Henry returned
to the superintendance of his buildings, and his other
domestic avocations. Upon the 31st December 1640,
Lady Slingsby died, a loss pathetically lamented, and
severely felt, by her husband. He had not yet ven-
tured to visit his own house, desolated by this cala-
mit}^, when he was called from the indulgence of his
private affliction to the discharge of the public duty
imposed by his principles.
Charles, having taken the final step of raising his
royal standard, appointed persons of known loyalty
and attachment to his person, to call out the trained
bands of the various counties, in order to counter-
balance the parliamentary militia. Sir Henry Slings-
by was appointed to command those of York ; but from
the backwardness of the inhabitants, that design mis-
carried. His zeal for the royal cause next induced
him to propose to raise a regiment of infantry ; but from
VIII ACCOUNT OF
want of arms, his offer could not for the present be ac-
ceptccl. At this time he witnessed tlie transactions be-
fore Hull, the prelude to the bloody tragedy which fol-
lowed. Shortly after the knig left York, Lord Fairfax
entertained a design of seizing Knarcsborough castle
for the parliament, but was anticipated by our author,
who took possession of it for the king, and delivered it
up to Sir Robert Hufcton, appointed to the command
by the Earl of Cumberland.
On the 13th December 1643, Sir Henry Slingsby,
being then in York, received a commission as Colonel
in the kmg's service, and succeeded in raising a regi-
ment by means of his extensive influence in the coun-
ty. Tiie first duty of this new corps was to escort the
queen, then landed from Holland in Burlington bay.
Sir Henry was in \ ork during the blockade and siege in
IG44, and when that city surrendered after the battle
of Long Marston Moor, he retreated to Cumberland
Avith Sir 'I'homas Glenham, and, after some stay in these
parts, returned with Sir Marmaduke Langdale for the
piu pose of joining the king. This they executed after
many skirmishes and much loss, fighting their way
through all the middle counties until they arrived at
Oxford, in the end of December 1644.
In the spring of the following year, Charles commen-
ced the last and most calamitous of his campaigns.
Sir Henry Slingsby witnessed the storm of Leicester and
the battle of Naseby, and accompanied the king in his
SIR HENRY SLINCSBY. ix
retreat into Walcs_, and in the rapid march by which he
hoped to join the army of Montrose, and which termi-
nated b}' his being forced to take refuge in Newark.
This garrison being commanded by Lord Bellas3'se, our
author's brother-in-law, he was induced to remain and
share his fate after the king's return to Oxford. During
an obstinate siege by the Scottish army, the garrison
of Newark was surprised to learn, that the king, for
whom they held the castle, had thrown himself into the
camp of the besiegers. This extraordinary intelligence
was followed by an order from his majesty to surrender
the place, which having been obeyed. Sir Henry went to
attend the king in the Scottish army, and nearTopcliffe
was formally dismissed from his service, after having
borne arms from the very beginning of the war till its
conclusion.
He now retreated to his mansion of Red-house,
where he lived in a state of precarious security, owing
to his refusal to take the negative oath and national
covenant ; by the first of which, he complains, the par-
liamentary party would have had him to renounce his
allegiance, and, by the second, his religion. He lived
coricealed in a room of his own house, debarred from
exercise and secluded from society. It was here that
he heard the shameful news that the Scots had delivered
up the king, and here that he afterwards learned his me-
lancholy fate, with which he concludes his interesting
journal. It seems probable, that, alter l648, he enjoy-
ed greater traiiquiilityj and was at liberty to attend to
X ACCOUNT OF
some of his former pursuits ; for a part of the building
of Redhouse hears the date of l652, and must there-
fore have been built under our author's inspection *.
It is certain, however, from his defence on his trial,
that if he remained in possession of Red-house, the
rest of his property was sequestrated and sold, his stea-
dy loyalty (or malignancy, as it was then termed) being
deemed a sufficient reason for not admitting him with
others to compound for a fine.
How long Sir Henry remained in this state of pover-
ty and seclusion, we have not access to knov/ ; but in
1656, his zeal for the royal cause engaged him in ac-
tive attempts to serve the exiled king. At this period,
Cromwell's undisguised strides to arbitrary power had
indisposed those who were attached by principle to the
parliament. To counterbalance their influence, the
officers and soldiers, who had formerl}' fought in the
cause of mo'narch}, were now admitted into the ar-
mies of the usurper. As these men, in many instances,
held their former principles and language, it was con-
ceived by the sanguine counsellors of Charles H. that
they might be easily engaged to revolt in his favour,
while the division between the Presbyterians and Inde-
pendants, and the general hatred of Cromwell, seem-
ed to render the whole nation ripe for a counter-revo-
* The inscription on the west front runs thus : PauUsper et reluce-
bis et ipse, Jli. R. 29. 1G52. The device is a setting sun. History of
Knuresborough, p. 296.
SIR HENRY SLINGSEY. xi
lution. The Earl of Rochester was dispatched by
Charles to England, to examine the possibility of car-
rying into effect what was so confidently proposed ; and
it seems to have been planned, that an insurrection of
the king's friends should take place in the west of Eng-
land, while those in the north should do their utmost
to secure the town of Hull, at which the king might
land with forces from abroad. Sir Henry Slingsby was
deeply engaged in this latter design. But the insur-
rection in the west, under Penruddock and Groves,
proving unsuccessful, nothing was attempted in York-
shire, and the Earl of Rochester fled out of England.
In the meantime, the jails were filled with royalists ar-
rested upon general suspicion, and amongst others our
author was committed to the fort or castle of Hull,
where he was long confined. Notwithstanding his re-
straint, he still continued to make exertions in the royal
cause. He was particularly earnest with one Waterhouse,
a captain in garrison at Hull, that he should deliver up
a blockhouse, or outer fortification, which he command-
ed, to a force to be raised for the king. To induce
him to this step. Sir Henry presented him Avitli a com-
mission as governor of the castle of Hull, given under
the hand of Charles, and dated 10th May l6o7*.
But this man betrayed the secret to Colonel Smith,
his commanding officer. Sir Henry made a similar at-
* Sir Henry said on his trial, that this was a blank coramibsion, of
which he had been possessed for years.
-^ii ACCOUNT OF
tempt on Overton, another captain of the Hull garrison,
endeavouring to prevail upon him to declare for the
king, or at least not to oppose his landing, if he should
appear hefore the harbour. In this he was equally un-
successful, though both Waterhouse and Overton, and
another officer called Thomson, with whom he had al-
so tampered, seem to have imposed on him by profes-
sions of zeal for king Charles. From Hull Sir Henry
was removed to York castle. Here he was long con-
fined, and a walk at the back of the castle, next to the
fosse, retains his name, and is said to have been made at
his expence *.
During Sir Henry Slingsby's confinement, a marriage
was concluded in his wife's family, which, although it
must have been very unpleasing to him, was in all
likelihood the cause of his life being prolonged. Crom-
well, ambitious of connecting his family with the an-
cient nobility, had bestowed his youngest daughter up-
on the Lord Fauconberg, a gentleman of hereditary
lovalty, but destined, in this instance, to illustrate
Shakspeare's proverb, that misery makes men acquaint-
ed with strange bedfellows f. This young nobleman was
nephew to the deceased lady of Sir Henry Slingsby ;
• Drake's Eboracum, p. 288.
t Lord Fauconberg availed himself of the influence thus acquired,
to fortify the party of General Monk in that convulsion which produ-
ced the Restoration. Ludlow's Meoioirs, vol. ii. p. 180. Edinburgh
Edition.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. XUl
and it may be presumed, that the influence he acquired
with the Protector, by this close aUiance, was employed
in suspending the fate of his relation.
In 1658, however, a new plot Avas formed by the roy-
alists against Cromwell's government, which impelled
the incensed usurper to measures of the deepest severi-
ty. The Marquis of Orraond had visited England to
encourage and unite the friends of Charles, but, by their
own heat and precipitance, the enterprise was disco-
vered ; the Marquis escaped with difficulty, and seve-
ral persons of distinction were apprehended. It was
not pretended that Sir Henry Slingsby, so long a close
prisoner, had, or could possibly have, any accession to
the alleged conspiracy ; but it was resolved to bring him
to trial, that his fate might awe into inaction his party
at large. Accordingl}'^, on the 25th of May 1658, Sir
Henry Slingsby, now grey-headed and advanced in
years, was placed at the bar of what was called the
High Court of Justice *, which united the characters
of judges and jurors. After claiming in vain the pri-
vilege of a. trial by jury, he pleaded not guilty to an
indictment of high treason. Waterhouse, Overton,
and Thomson, were then brought to prove, that Sir
Henry Slingsby, while prisoner in Hull, had endeavour-
* Whitelocke had advised, that the persons accused should be pro-
ceeded against by the common law; but the Protector, he observes, was
too much in love with the neic way, and thought it would strike a deep-
er and more general terror. Whitelocke's Memorials, p. C74.
XIV ACCOUNT OF
ed, at divers times, to persuade them to deliver up the
place to Charles Stewart, and that he gave Waterhouse
a Colonel's commission subscribed by that person.
It is obvious, that the machinations of a prisoner could
not be very formidable to an established government;
and it seems equally clear, that treason cannot be com-
mitted against a government, which the accused has
never recognised. But these circumstances only shew
the determined resolution of Cromwell to take his life.
Sir Henry, aware his fate was pre-determined, cared
not to justify himself against the accusation, only al-
ledging that he was in prison as an open enemy when
these things took place, and that he had been trepan-
ned by the witnesses, who had solicited his confidence
upon these dangerous topics. The commission was,
he said, a blank one, which he had long had by him, and
he neither had nor could have any communication
beyond seas. The court was then adjourned till the
2d of June ; and, having met upon that day. Sir Henry
objected to the competency of judges, by whom his
estate had been sequestere4 and his person imprisoned.
He was interrupted by Lisle, the President, who, in a
long speech, upbraided the prisoner with an attempt to
revive the civil war, and to bring in a family addicted
to popery. He concluded by pronouncing the usual
doom of treason, to be carried into execution upon the
.5th instant *. The intercessions of Lord Fauconberg,
* See the trial at length in the 2d vol. of State Trials.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. XV
of his lady and of her allies, were only able to procure
a respite or" three days, and a change of the manner of
his death to decapitation.
Upon Tuesday, June 8. 1658, Sir Henry Slingsby
was led to the scaffold on Tower-hill. His manly for-
titude affected the sternest republicans, since even Lud-
low allowed, that he received harsh measure *. In a
very short speech addressed to the sheriff, he vindi-
cated his conduct and asserted his loyalty, adding, with
affecting simplicity, that he was glad to die for being
an honest man. Having knelt down to the block, his
head was severed at a single blow. His remains were
deposited in a chapel belonging to his family in the
church of Knaresborough, under a large stone of black
marble, which had covered the remains of Saint Robert.
t Ludlow's Memoirs, vol. ill, p. 148.
Xvi ACCOUNT OF
The following inscription was placed on his tomb by
his grandson^ Sir Thomas Slingsby :
Sancti Roberti,
Hue SAXUM ADVECTUM EST:
subo. eodem nunc jacet hic
Henricus Slingsby, Henrici filius,
Cui E Parliament© ejecto
Et ex PlEEISCITO BONIS OMNIBUS EXUTO
Nihil ahud supererat
QuAM UT Vellet Animam suam Salvam esse.
Passus est Anno ^tatis su^ lvii.
Sexto Idus Junias Annoq. Christi mdclviii.
FiDEI IN REGEM LeGESO. PaTRIAS CAUSA
Non Periit sed ad Meliores sedes Translatus est
ATyranno Cromwellio capite mulctatus.
Posuit Thomas Slingsby Baron, non degener.
Nepos. Anno Mrm Christi
MDCXCUI.
Our author left two sons. Sir Thomas Slingsby, by
whom he was succeeded, and Henry ; and two daugh-
ters, Barbara, married to Sir John Talbot of Laycock,
in Wilts, and Catherine, wife of Sir John Fenwick.
Of Sir Henry Siingsby's character we may form an
accurate judgment from his own memoirs, and the
events of his life. Lord Clarendon says, that he was a
gentleman of good understanding, but of a very melan-
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. XVII
cholic nature^ and of very few words. In his private
character, he was a friend to the fine arts, especially
those of sculpture and architecture, and his memoirs
bear witness to his hospitality and family affection. In
public life he had the merit of suffering wounds, hard-
ships, slight, poverty, imprisonment and death, in the
cause which he embraced upon the dictates of his con-
science. The large estates, which he forfeited by his
loyalty, were in better days restored to his son Sir
Thomas Slingsby, and are now possessed by Sir Thomas
Turner Slingsby, the great-great-grandson of our an.-
thor.
MEMOIRS
OF
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY,
BARONET.
MEMOIRS
OF
SIR JIENRY SLINGSBY,
BAROXET.
1 HE chappel at Redhouse * was built by
my father, Sir Henry Slingsby : it is in the
form of a colledge-chappel. In the east
end upon the glass is painted a crucifix,
not as ordinarily crucifix's are made, but
with a transverse piece of wood at the feet,
as there is for the hands ; at the feet of the
crucifix is set the Virgin Mary, and on
the one hand, the picture of the apostle
St John, and on the other, Elizabeth ; un~
* Redhouse, the favourite residence of our author,
is situated on the banks of the Ouse, within seven
miles of York. It was built, or at least greatly repair-
ed by him.
22 MEMOIRS 01'
derneath, St Peter, St Andrew, St Paul ; in
the south window the rest of the apostles ;
in the north corner is a handsome pulpit, a
table altarwise under the east window, with
a cloth of purple colour wrought with
stripes of worstet, which was my wife's own
handy-work. In the middle of the chap-
pel, to be removed at pleasure, stood a pil-
lar with branches at the top to set a bason
on, wherein water was set for the christen-
ings.
The 3d of January 1639, out of curiosity,
I went to Bramham moor, to see the train-
ing of our light horse, for which service I
myself had sent two horses, by command-
ment of the Lieutenants and Sir Jacob
Ashly *, who is lately come down with
special commission from the king to trainc
and exercise them. These are strange
spectacles to this nation, in this age that
have lived thus long peaceably, without
* Afterwards Major General for the King during
the civil wars.
SIR HEXRY SLIT^GSBY. 23
noise of drum or shott, and after we have
stood neuters, and in peace, when all the
world besides hath been in armes.
Our fears proceed from the Scots, who
at this time are become most warlike, be-
ing long experienced in the Sweedish and
German wars. The cause of their gre-
vience, they pretend, is matter of religion.
My Lord Deputy out of Ireland sent his
letters unto my Lord Mayor of York, and
to myself as Deputy Lieutenant, by which
I sat to assist my Lord Mayor in taking
the view of armes : the which I did perform
most dihgently, a thing not usual with me,
who do little affect business. Therefore,
as I entered upon it by virtue of my Lord
Deputy's letter directed to my Lord May-
or and myself, after two months service I
gave it over.
January the 29th was the christening of
my son Henry *, in my chappel at Ked-
* Our author's second son.
24 MEMOIRS or
house, being bom 37 years after me. I
once assayed to get the chappel consecra-
ted by our bishop, that nou^ is (Neale) but
he refused, having, as he says, express com-
mand not to consecrate any, least it may
be occation of conventicles *.
The 17th of February I sent Henry
Kirkman, the miller of my wind-mill, to
keep for me the mill at Knaresbrough, ha-
ving taken it into my OAvn hands. 'Twas
but the last year that I repaired Knares-
brough mill, having had the year before
more than a third part driven down by a
flood : The charge whereof in repairing, be-
sides the timber (which took 110 trees), stood
me in workmanship of timber, L.69- 4s. 6d.
for iron work and draughts for leading,
L.ll. 5s. 4d. ; for mason work and labour-
ers L.38. 5s. 4d. according as is in my cousin
* It was however afterwards consecrated by Thomas
Merton, Bishop of Litchfield, whose arms are painted
on the east window above the Communion table. His-
iory of Knareshoroiigh, p. 302.
SIR HENRY SLINGSr,r. 25
Brinard's account ; William Thompson be-
ina' chief workman. I had let the mills at
Knaresbrouffh and Saint Roberts at L. 30.
the quarter to a miller of York, who en-
joyed it only half a year, and now is gone
away in my debt. The mills were worth a
great deal more if they had the same soke,
which, while Knaresbrough-mills were the
kings, they had ; but now the soke is bought
and sold since carrying hath been in use,
and especially by that mill at Goldbrough,
drawing away the custom of the mills, by
lending poor men money and other curte-
sies, which housekeepers may do. While
they were the kings mills, those that were
his tenants were bound to bring their corn
to his (the kings) mills, and now having
bought them of the king, those that were
tied by this soke ought to be so still.
The number we are, at this time, in
household is thirty persons, whereof six-
teen are men-servants, and eight women,
besides ourselves. Our charge ev^ery year
is much at one certainty, being well acco-
26 MEMOIRS OF
modatcd with good, faithful, and diligent
servants in their several offices, so that at
least every year I spend in housekeeping
L. 500.
This April * the king was at York at his
going into Scotland with an army, and
there remained till he had drawn down such
foot companies of prest soldiers, and such
troops of horse as he intended to take with
him ; and on Wednesday, in Easter week,
the king went to Selby to view his troops
that lay there. It was an extraordinary
preparation that was made for this intend-
ed warr, wherein the greatest part of the
nobility and gentry of this kingdom was
personally engaged, every one comeing ac-
cording to his ability, ready furnished with
horse, some more some less. The king's
letters did engage them according as they
did offer. They brought some 10, some
20, some 60, some 100. I am charged
with two hght horse within the west-riding,
according to my estate there, and I took
* April 1st 1638-9.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 2?
two lio'ht horse with me to serve the king;
in the journey, and did design them for my
Lord of Holland's troop, and had billet for
them at my Lord's quarters (where his
troop lay) att Twizel. My lord had the
use of my cousin Selby*s house, and there
kept a very noble house, and gave very
great entertainments to many of the com-
manders that frequented to him at this
place. Haveing the freedom of my Lord's
house, and a chamber to myself, by my
cousin Selby's means, did I continue as
one of my Lord's troop, till a peace was
concluded between the king and the Lords
of the Covenant in Scotland. The day af-
ter Assension-day, my wife sent Thomas
Adamson, my butler, post for me, she be-
ing desirous to see me on account of an
extreme fit of sickness. I instant]}^ took
post, and without resting, in 24 hours I got
to her and found her well againe. After
this I returned to Twizel, where our quar-
ters were, and came the very day before
the full agreement between the king and
28 IVIEMOIIIS OF
nobility of Scotland. I had but a very
short time of being a soldjcr, which had
not lasted above 6 weeks, and I like it as
a commendable way of breeding for a gen-
tleman if he consort himself with such as
are civil, and the quarrel lawfull ; for as
idleness is the nurse of all evil, enfeebleing
the parts both of mind and body, this em-
ployment of a soldier, as contrary unto it,
shall greatly improve him by enabling his
body for labour, his mind for watchfulness,
and so by a contempt of all things, but
that employment he is in, he shall not
much care how hard he lieth, or how hard-
ly he fareth.
The 7th October 1639, John Gowland,
the carpenter, took down the gavel end of
the chapel, which was of brick, and set up
another of wood. I had also John Davie
a carpenter, an ingenious workman, but
drunken, and one that went in his apparel
more like a bedlamite than a working man.
The day after this was finished, my wife
and J, and my daughter Barbara, made a-
SIR HENRY SLITsGSBY. 29
journey to see that old rotten house at
Scriven, and to take order for the repair of
it ; wee lay at it two nights, having neither
bed nor furniture but what wee borrowed
of my tennant Charles Waide, hanging up
blankets for curtains, and so making as
good a shift as wee could. Wee lay in the
chamber which is called my Lord of Nor-
thumberland's chamber ; he that was be-
headed for raising a rebellion in the north,
in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, being the
first that lay in it after the buildino; of it,
coming to see my grandmother, his sister *.
I have agreed with George Squires, a free-
mason, to repair and alter it, haveing in-
tended the entring into the house to be
where that building is which was in-
tended for a chappel, being the west end
of the house, and so make that to be
* The grandmother of Sir Henry was a daughter of
Sir Thomas Percy, second brother to Henry Earl of
Northumberland, and consequently sister to Thomas
Earl of Northumberland, who suft'ered for his share in
the grand Northern Insurrection in the li^th of Eliza-
beth, 1569.
30 MEMOIRS OF
the hall which is now the parlour, and
that the kitchen which is now the hall;
and he is to take down that side which
joyned to the tower, leaving only so much
as to make room for a larder, which now
is in length l6 yards, but they are, after
takeing it down, to make it not above five
or six yards. I make my stairs at that end
which was intended for a chappel, with
purpose that if hereafter I should add to it,
this stair-case should serve both for the new
building and for the old. I have intend-
ed it a double house, which I mean to join
to the chappel -end to make a square to the
old : that side to be 24 yards ; the come-
ing into the house to be the middle of it ;
the hall to be in that part which lieth to
the garden upon the west, the parlour to
that part which lieth to the north to the
court, which by that means will lay the
parlour nearer to the rest of the house.
The 13th of April 1640, began the court
of parliament to sit; which was unfortu-
nate, as it ended in three Aveeks,* without
* Being dissolved on the 5th of May.
SIR HENRY SLTNGSBY. 31
haveing any thing done to content either
the king or country. I was chosen a bur-
gesse of Knaresbrough at this parUament,
which I obtained witli much adoe through
the dihgence of my man Thomas Richard-
son. My competitors were Sir Richard
Hutton and Sir H. Benson*. About the
3d of July, 1 returned to Red-House, and
found my building here, and at Screven, in
very good forwardnes. The 28th of July,
being the assize-week, I went to York, where
the gentlemen of the county intended to
meet to consult togather of an answer to re-
turn to the king, who had sent to desire
that his soldiers that lay billeted in the
county might be maintained by the coun-
try fourteen days : hereunto they petition-
ed and pleaded their inability, and hoped
the king would lay no such burdens upon
them, considdering they had so willingly
and chearfully served him in the last year,
^ Henry Benson, Esq. sat as the other representa-
tive. Rushworth;, p. 1113.
'32 MEMOIRS OF
in which service, and other military expen-
ces, they had expended an hundred thou-
sand pounds.
The 1st of September, I set forward to
Hull with my wife and children, except my
son Henry, whom I left here at home. The
Scots wee heard had taken Newcastle, and
repelled the king's forces, which he sent to
stop their passage at Newburn. We went
from Hull to Barton in a passage boat, and,
haveing the wind cross to us, made us sail
with more difficulty and danger; and as
every present evil seems the most insupor-
table, the fear that my wife thought to avoid
seems now less than that she was in. What
made her more apprehensive of danger was
the trouble wee had in getting out of the
harbour amongst the boats that lay there;
and, being clear of them, we unfortunately
fell foul upon another ship that was come-
ing in, which bore us under her, and broke
a little of the fore part of our boat, which
set my wife and her sister, the Lady Vava-
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 33
sour*, into such a fright, as thej ceased not
weeping and praying till we came ashore
at Barton. After they got to shore I left
them, they haveing the benefit of my Lady
Ingram's -j- coach to carry them to Worla-
by ; and so I came back to Hull, and from
thence the next day home, in the company
of my Lord Duke of Lennox, who went by
Beverley to see the old minster and monu-
ments there, and so dined at Weigh ton. It
is strange to see how the ways are pestered
with carriages of all manner of preparation
for warr : thirty pieces of ordinance I met
comeing from Hull, and abundance of wag-
gons with all things belonging, of powder,
shot, and match, tents, pikes, spades, and
shovels : It was then too late to march with
a train of artillery, for, before they could
get to Newcastle, the Scots had possessed
themselves of it ; and the whole county of
* Ursula^ daughter to Lord Fauconbcrg, and lady
•f Sir Walter Vavasour.
f Another sister of Lady Slingsby, married to Sir
Thomas Ligram of Temple Newzome.
34 MEMOIRS OF
Nortliiimberland, and bishoprick of Dur-
ham, are compelled to pay contribution-
money to Lessley, the Scots general, three
hundred pounds a-day, which they demand
of the county of Northumberland, and two
hundred and fifty pounds a-day of the bi-
shoprick of Durham. Their proportion for
victualling their army, after their demands,
is thirty thousand weight of bread a-day,
ten tun of beer a-day, six hundred weight
of cheese, fifty pounds worth of beef, and
twenty-four pounds Avorth of mutton by
the day.
The 24th September, the king and lords
met together in the great hall at the dean's
house, to consult what answer to give to
the Scotch petition, and how the king might
have supply of money to maintain his army
in the mean time. It was concluded the
first day, tliat commissioners should be ap-
pointed, to the number of sixteen Earls
and Lords, and the place to be at Rippon,
to meet the Scotch commissioners.
The 13th of October, I went to the elec-
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 35
tion of burgesses for Knaresbrough, Avitli
intention to stand for one of their burgesses;
and, comeing thither, I found Sir Richard
Hutton and Henry Benson to be competi-
tors with me. When it came to polling, I
carried it with some difficulty, and Henry
Benson was the other burgesse.
The 2d of November, 1 take my journey
to London to be at the parliament, and
came there two days after it had begun.
Great expectance there is of an happy par-
liament, Avhere the subjects may have re-
dress of all their grievances.
After fourteen weeks stay in London, I
returned into the country, having first ask-
ed leave of the parliament. About the lat-
ter end of August I made a journey to Skip-
ton to my Lord of Cumberland's house*,
to move his Lordship for the under-ste ward-
ship of the castle-court of Knaresbrough,
having formerly his promise, but Robottom,
his man, had changed his mind, and when
I came he denied me.
* George, (Clifford,) Earl of Cumberland.
56 MEMOIRS OF
The 31st of December, my dear wife de-
parted this life, after she had endured a
world of misery ; her many infirmities turn-
ing at last to a consumption. The loss, by
her death, is beyond expression, both to her
children and all that knew her, but chiefly
to myself, who have enjoyed so many hap-
py days in her company, which I now find
a want of.
A little before this, the King being at
York, gave out commissions for the several
regiments of foot of the train-bands for
Yorkshire, and to myself one among the
rest, dated the 11th day of May 1642.
I had not been yet at home at my own
house, not abiding to come where 1 should
find a miss of my dear wife, and where eve-
ry room will call her to my remembrance,
and renew my grief.
I, therefore, staid at Alne, at my sister
Bethel's house*. There it was that I had
my commission sent unto me to command
* The lady of Sir Walter Bethel, Knight.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 37
the train-bands of the city of York. I re-
ceived an order a little after from the king,
to take twenty of a company to do the du-
ty of a soldier, and to be a guard to the
king's person during the time of his abode
at York: but I perceived a great backward-
ness in them, and upon a summons few or
none appeared ; so this passed over, and no
more done : so the king went to Beverley,
to be near Sir John Hotliam and his soi:ip
who refused him and his train entrance in-
to Hull. Therefore, the king gathers toga-
ther part of the train-bands, and makes
some shew to block up the town of Hull ;
but, without effecting much, he returns to
York. My Lord Crawford had spoken to
the king for me to have a commission for a
regiment of foot ; but the king had so ma-
ny that waited for employment, that, un-
less I would find arms for them when they
were raised, it would not be granted.
When the king left York, my Lord of
Cumberland was lieutenant, who hearing
Hotham was marched out of Hull into the
38 MEMOIRS OF
West-Riding, Sir Tliomas Glenham was
sent out from York to settle Pontefract a
garrison for the king, being the 13th of Oc-
tober 1642, with horse and foot, and one
drake*, and thus marcheth to Leeds, but
was obho^ed to retreat back to York on Ho-
tham's advancing from Doncaster to inter-
cept him. Sir Thomas Fairfax now joins
Hotham, who, to straiten York the more,
holds Selbj, and keeps guard at Tadcaster
and Wetherby. A Uttle before this comes
General Ruthen-j^*, with twenty-two Scotch
officers, to go to the king, and hearing of
Hotham's being at Doncaster, he sends from
Wetherby to my Lord Cumberland for a
convoy. My Lord desires him to come to
York, and he would advise with him for
the best way. When they met, it was thought
Skip ton would be the safest passage, and
* A small piece of cannon.
f General Ruthven, in the year 1640, held out Edin-
burgh castle for the king. He was afterwards created
Earl of Brentford, and was much trusted by the king
on account of his experience acquired in the German
wars.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 39
SO through Lancashire. I entreated Gene-
ral Ruthen to go by my house ; so he, and
all the Scotch officers, lay the first night at
Red-House, and the next day I waited on
them to Knaresbrough, and there provided
them a guide to Skip ton. Being at Knares-
brough, some of my tennants acquaint me
that my Lord Fairfax intended that night
to put some soldiers into the castle : Here-
with I acquainted General Ruthen ; he ad-
viseth me to hold it myself, and draw some
soldiers into it : Whereupon I got the keys
of the castle ; caused a bed to be carried
in ; and that very night comes Sir Richard
Hutton, and part of the train-bands, with
commission from my Lord of Cumberland
to hold it for the kino;. So I resigned, and
only laid in the castle that night, and in
that room and lodging built by my father,
and where I had lain when I was very
3^oung, being sent for by my father.* Part-
* It is conjectured by Mr Hargrove, that this occur-
red at the period of the Gunpowder-treason, when the
gentry of the country retired in many places to strono-
40 MEMOIRS OF
ing with Rulhcn, I returned back to York
with two of the Scotch officers, whom he
consented should stay with us at York ;
where wx were now in a manner blocked
up : Hotham, on one side from Cawood,
on the other side from Tadcasler, beating
in our scouts, and takeing some prisoners ;
my man, and his horse and arms, was one
of them that were taken prisoner.
My Lord of Cumberland sent out Sir
Thomas Glenham once again to beat up
Sir Thomas Fairfax's quarters at Wetherby,
commanding out a party, both of horse
and dragoons : he comes close up to the
town, undiscovered, a little before sun-rise ;
and Prideaux, and some others, enter the
town through a back yard. This gave an
alarm quite through the town. Sir Thomas
Fairfax Avas, at this juncture, drawing on
his boots to go to his father at Tadcaster:
he gets on horseback, draws out some pikes,
holds, in consequence of the general alarm. Sh* Henry
Slingsby was then four years old. History of Knares-
horough, p. 13.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 41
and so meets our gentlemen ; every one had
his shot at him, he only makeing at them
"with his sword, and then retired again un-
der the guard of his pikes. At another part,
Lieutenant-Collonell Norton enters with
his dragoons, Captain Atkinson encounters
him on horseback, the other being on foot ;
they meet, Atkinson misseth with his pistol ;
Norton pulls him oif horseback by the
sword-belt ; being both on the ground, At-
kinson's soldiers come in, fell Norton into
the ditch, with the but-end of their mus-
quets, to rescue their lieutenant. Norton's
soldiers came in, and beat down Atkinson ;
and, with repeated blows, break his thigh,
of which wound he died. After this, they
retreated out of the town (a sore scuffle be-
tween two that had been neighbours, and
intimate friends), with the loss of more than
one trooper killed, and one Major Carr, a
Scotchman.
Thus straitened, and shut up, gave occa-
sion to the gentlemen to send to my Lord
of Newcastle, who was then raising an army
42 MEMOIRS OF
in Northumberland, to come to their reUef.
He marches into Yorkshire, gives us a fair
view of his army on the forest-side near
Skelton ; my Lord of Cumberland, with all
the gentlemen in York, go out to meet him,
and wait upon his lordship into the town.
Two days after his excellency came to York,
he undertook to attempt to beat Lord Fair-
fax out of Tadcaster ; in this he succeeded
pretty well, and marched to Pomfret, which
he made his head-quarters ; his horse at
Sherburn, and towns next adjoining. Here
wee were a little too secure ; Sir Thomas
Fairfax, with a party of 300 horse, and, it
seems, hearing the officers in Sherburn were
to have a feast, comes at noon-day, beats
up our quarters, takes Commissary Wind-
ham, Sir William Riddall, and many others,
prisoners.
The 13th of December 1642, I received
a commission from his excellency to raise a
regiment of volunteers. I caused my drum
to be beaten up in York, and other places ;
and those that came to be listed, I caused
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 43
to be billeted among my tennants. When
I had gotten them up to the number of
200, I had them mustered, and after re-
ceived their pay of the treasurer with the
rest of the regiments. The first time they
marched with the army was when his ex-
cellency went to Burlington to receive the
queen. On her landing* there, in return-
ing, my regiment was left at Stamford-
bridge, which was garrisoned for the king.
About the 5th of May 1643, I came to
have the command of the town. Here I
continued eight weeks. While I stayed, I
eased the country of the tax which the
former governor had imposed, of three-
pence for every horse-load of corn. W ee
now heard the Scots had advanced almost
to York, rendezvousing on Bramham-moore,
where they and Lord Fairfax meet, and
both come and take up their quarters ; the
Scots at Bishop thorpe and Middle thorpe;
* She landed at Burlington Bay, in the East-Riding
of Yorkshire, 22d February, l64'2-3. On the oth March
she came to Norburton, thence to Malton and \ ork,
where she arrived on the 7th.
44 MEMOIRS or
Fairfax at Fulford and Heslington,bjmake-
ing over Ousc a bridge of boats : Thus wee
were blocked up on two sides of the town ;
and the rest wee had open for about three
weeks, until such time as Lord Manches-
ter* came with his Norfolk men, and then
closed us up on every side. Provisions wee
had good store within the town, but money
wee had none, which bred us some trouble
to help out, and many complaints both
from soldiers and townsmen. My Lordf-
took a course to have them billeted, and
proportionably laid upon the gentlemen
and officers, either to find them meat or
money, after a groat a man per diem; which,
for my share, came to four pounds five shil-
lings a-week ; the money being raised out
* General for the parliament of the forces raised in
the seven eastern associated counties, amounting to
14,000 men.
•\ The Marquis of Newcastle. He had advanced to
the Borders to oppose the Scots; but Lord Fairfax
taking the opportunity to advance into Yorkshire, the
Earl was compelled to fall back before the Scots, and^
finally, to throw himself into the town of York.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 45
of the corn that I had brought into the
town.
The enemy began his aproaches, raising
a battery upon the Windmill-hill, as the
way lies to Heslington ; plants upon it five
pieces of cannon, and plays from thence
continualy into the town. They come near-
er us, and take the suburbs without Walm-
gate-bar; plant two pieces in the street
against the Bar, another at the Dove-coat,
within a stone's cast. Then he works un-
der ground close by the Bar, and makes his
mines in two several places. Manchester,
who had his quarters about Clifton and
Huxworth, was no less active ; makes his
aproaches, works his mines under Saint
Mary's tower without Bootham-bar, and
raiseth a batter}^ against the manor-wall
that lieth to the orchard. He begins to
play with his cannon, and throws down a
piece of the wall. Wee fall to work, and
make it up with earth : this happened in
the morning. About noon they spring
their mine under St Mary's tower, and blow
46 MEMOIRS OF
lip one part of it, which falling outward
made the access more easy. Then some
at the breach, and some with ladders, get
up, and enter to the number of 500. Sir
Phillip Byron, that had the guard of that
place, was unfortunately killed as he open-
ed the doors into the bowling-green, where
the enemy had gotten. But the difficulty
was not much, wee soon beat them out
again ; haveing taken 200 prisoners, and
killed many of them, as might be seen in
the bowling-green, orchard, and garden
*
The Scots were, all this while, busy about
their mine, and wee as busy in countermin-
ing ; but, at length, both gave over, being
hindered by water. They had beaten down
the top of the Bar as low as the gate,
which wee had barricaded up with earth ;
and, besides, had made a traverse against
it, and pulled down some houses near the
* This mine, according to Rushworth, was sprung
by Major-General Crawford, without informing the
other generals of his intention, that they might have
made a diversion in favour of the storming party. Tom.
V. p. 632.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 47
gate. Sallies wee made little or none,
haveing only Mickelgate-bar open, and a
little sally-port at Monk-bar, where wee
once made a sally out upon Manchester's
men. Our provisions wasted, and would
have had an end without wee had relief;
therefore, my Lord would make trial to
send to the prince, to inform him of the
condition the town was in. He chuseth
out eight, that undertake to go to the
Prince, and either to pass the enemy's
scouts undiscerned, or else break through
them : but all, or most of them, were taken,
either going or comeing. Wee made fires
upon the minster, and were answered by
others at Pomfret. They kept so strict
guards, either in the night or day, that I
could get no one to go to Red-house, and
bring me word how my children did, but
were taken. But, at last, he whom wee
Ions: looked for is heard of comeino; to our
relief; we were still in some doubt till we
perceived the Scots had drawn of their
guards. Sir Gamaliel Dudley, that com-
48 M EMOTES or
nianded at Walmgate-bar, sends some horse
and foot ; the horse, commanded by Major
Constable, advanced to Fulforth. When
the enemy's trumpets in Fulforth sounded
a charge, our horse were forced to make a
stand that our foot might the better retreat
to the walls, till they were forced to charge,
and presently mingled one with another.
In this charge they took some of ours pri-
soners ; and wee killed ,a cornet of theirs,
which, they said, should have married Sir
Thomas Notcliffe's sister, and they shot
Captain Squire, a York-man, in the back.
Thus they parted, wee to our garrison, and
they to their rendezvous on Knapton-moore ;
where all of them meet, and, for hast, had
left a boat-load of shoes, and other provi-
sions, which they could not carry away.
The prince, who was come within three
or four miles of York, upon the forest side,
and sends in to my Lord Newcastle to
meet him with those forces he had in York :
it was upon the 2d of July 1644 when my
Lord marched out, with all the forces he
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 49
had, leaving only in the town Colonel Be-
lasy's regiment, Sir Thomas Glenham's re-
giment, and my own, which was the city
regiment. The prince passeth over at Pop-
ple ton, where the Scots had made a bridge
of boats, and follows the Scots in the rear,
who were now in their march to Marston,
and in so much haste, as if they meant to
march clear aAvay. The prince follows on,
and makes a halt at Mars ton-town. The
Scots then march up the field, the direct
way toTadcaster; but, upon the top of the
hill, they face, and front towards the prince,
who, till now, was persuaded that they
meant not to give him battle, but to march
' quite away. Now the prince bestirs him-
self, putting his men in order to fight, and
sending away to my Lord of Newcastle to
march with all speed. The enemy makes
some shot at him as he was drawing up his
men, and the first shot kills a son of Sir
Gilbert Haughton's, that was captain in
the Prince's army. But this was only shew-
ing their teeth ; for, after four shot made,
50 MEMOIRS OF
they give over, and in Marston-corn-field
fall to singing psalms.
The Prince's horse had the right wing,
my Lord Goring the left, the foot disposed
with most advantage to fight some of them,
drawn off to hne the hedge of the corn-field,
where the enemy must come to charge.
The enemies forces, consisting of three
parts, the Scots, Manchester, and Fairfax,
were one mixed with another; Cromwell,
having the left wing drawn into five bodies
of horse, came off the Cows- Warrant by Bil-
ton-Breame to charge our horse ; and upon
the first charge routed them : They fly a-
long by Wilstrop wood-side as fast and as
thick as could be, yet our left wing pressed
as hard upon their right wing, and pursued
them over the hill. After our horse was
gone, they fall upon our foot ; and, al-
though a great while they maintained the
light, yet at last they were outdone, and
most part either taken or killed *. Here
* These were the Marquis of Newcastle's Northum-
berland men, called, from their dress. White Coats.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 51
I lost a nephew, Collonel John Fenwicke-f-,
and a kinsman, Sir Charles Slingsby, both
of them slain in the field : The former could
not be found to have his body brought off;
the latter was found, and buried in York-
minster. The enemy pursued not, but kept
the field, as many as were left ; for they
fled as fast as wee, and their three generals
thinking all had been lost. Wee came late
to York, which made a great confusion ;
for at the bar, none were suffered to come
in but such as were of the town, so that the
whole street, up the bar, was thronged with
wounded and lame soldiers ; which made
a pitiful cry among them. The Prince
marched out the next morning with the re-
maining horse, and as niany footmen as he
could horse, leaving the rest in York*.
They behaved with the utmost gallantry, and fell in
their ranks without the flight of one man.
f A son of his sister Catherine, the Lady of Sir John
Fenwick.
* The conduct of Prince Rupert, on this memo-
rable occasion, was a great stain on his military cha-
racter. This hazarding a battle, after accomplishing
52 MEMOIRS or
Tims were we left at York out of all hope
of relief, the town much distracted, every
one ready to abandon her ; so that, to en-
courage them, that were left in the town,
and to get them to stay, wee were forced
to give out false reports ; that the Prince
had fallen suddenly upon, and routed the
enemy, and that he was conning back again
to the town : Yet many left us, not likeing
the prospect of another siege, which soon
after began ; for the enemy, takeing a few
days respit to bury their dead, to provide
for the wounded, and to gather in such
scattered troops as had left the field (for by
the relief of York, the sole purpose of his inarch, was
a. most unnecessary risk. Sir ttarry Slingsby has pro-
bably stated the true reason, that the Prince did not
believe the retreating army of Cromwell and Lesly
durst have rallied and faced him ; an idea highly suit-
able to his sanguine and impetuous temper. Bnt, even
after tbe loss of the battle of Long-Marston-Moor, it
would seem that he might still have defended York,
which he abandoned, and with it all the north of Eng-
land, to the Scottish and ParHamentary forces. An
unfortunate dissention, betwixt the Marquis of New-
castle and Prince Rupert, seems to have accelerated
this fatal resolution.
SIR HENRY SLTNGSBY. 53
this time their generals were returned, and
were now ready to march back again to
York), they make, at this their second come-
ing, new batteries ; one betwixt Wahii-
gate-bar and Latern-postern, another upon
the hill in Bishop-fields, and had made a
bridge to clap over the fosse, and straw
and hurdles for a storm, where, by the La-
tern-postern, it was most easy, haveing no-
thing but that ditch, with drought almost
dry, to hinder their entrance. Therefore,
not thinking it fit to hazard the town, have-
ing no hope to be relieved, wee capitulate
and article, and upon that day forthnight
the battle was, wee yield the town, and
that upon very good conditions, if they had
been kept. Wee were to march out with
our arms, and with colours flying, till wee
came within twelve miles of the Prince.
Wee were to have convoy*, but find a fail-
ing in the performance at the very first;
* Viz. One troop from each of the three besieging
armies. See the terms in Rushworth, torn. v. p. 6'S^.
York was surrendered on 15th July 1644.
54 MEMOIRS or
for the soldier was pillaged, our waggons
plundered j mine the first, and others the
next day. I'hus disconsolate wee march ;
forced to leave our country, unless wee
would apostate, not daring to see my own
house, nor take a farewell of my children,
although wee lay the first night at Hessey,
within two miles of it. The second day of
our march was to Knaresbrough ; and in
our march wee were much infested by Man-
chester's horse, and ihough wee had a guard
of seven troops, yet could they not, or
would, prevent us from being plundered,
but in the field before AUerton-Mauleverer,
where wee made a halt till our rear was
brought up, wee were forced to endure af-
fronts by some of the enemies, that came
amongst, and would snatch the soldiers hats
from of their heads, and their swords from
their sides : And though Avee complained
of it to the officers, yet could wee have no
remedy. And going a litde further, in
a straight lane, they overturn the first wag-
gon, which was my Lady Wotton's, and fell
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 55
a plundering it and the rest. Before wee
come at Knaresbrough, Whaley, Crom-
well's lieutenant-collonel, meets us, and
goes along with us, discoursing of the fight
on Marston-moore, desirous to see Sir R.
Hutlon, at whose house he quartered, and
would fain have invited him to his own
house, where his Lady was ; but he Avould
not ; and likewise would have perswaded
me to abide at home, shewing how much
he desired to shake hands with me. Upon
Knaresbrough forrest wee made an han-
some show with those troops of our guard ;
for wee marched with these colours, name-
ly, Sir Thomas Glenham's nine colours, but
not with above 120 or 170, then one Col-
lonel Tilliers, one of Sir John Girlington's,
and one of mine, with such only of the
Prince's men as were left in York; but
they soon left their colours, and would take
the nearest way to go to the Prince. Our
guards we discharged at Otley ; so march-
ed on to Skipton, from thence to Kirby
Lonsdale, where I met Marmaduke Lang-
56
MEMOIRS OF
dale, who then was come with his horse in-
to Westmorland. Here I left Sir Thomas
Glenham, who was desioncd to oo to Car-
lisle to keep that garrison, and steered my
course to Cartmel and Fourness, in a part
of Lancashire, where, at that time, Sir John
Mainy was, with a brigade of horse, of bro-
ken and shattered regiments. After staying
here some months, I returned towards York-
shire w^ith Sir John Mainy. On \\\t 10th
of September 1644, wee set forwards on our
march for Skipton, and, by marching in
the night, passed through the enemy that
lay on every side. We had but one stop,
whiclxwas at a bridge near Ingleton, where
the enemy had set a guard ; but wee soon
made our passage, with the loss of one
lieutenant of horse, who was shot in the
body, and died on the way as he was
carrying. Wee marched in the night
from Skipton, and came suddenly upon a
new raised troop near Bradford ; wee took
some of them prisoners, and the captain
out of his bed. Thus, with a speedy march,
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 57
wee got to Pomfret. Sir John Redman,
who at that time lay sick in a deep con-
sumption, was governor of the castle ; Col-
lonel Sands, who lay thereabouts with fif-
teen colours of horse, heard of our aproach,
and that wee were the Prince's horse, and
much more numerous than in reality wee
were, sent to my Lord Fairfax at York ;
and his orders returned to march away to
York. Before wee came, Sir John was re-
solved to fight Sands, and goes with his
horse to charge him, beats them off their
ground ; they retreat beyond the bridge,
and would make good the bridge ; that wee
soon cleared, and follow the enemy into
Brotherton-field, where they drew up, mean-
ing to charge us in a narrow lane. Wee
fight for ground to fight on, and they to
keep us in that strait : at last, haveing got-
ten into the field, we at once both charged
and put them to flight, chasing them as far
as Sherburn. We took 50 prisoners, and
among the rest Sir William Lister's son,
who had marched out of York with us, be-
58 MEMOIRS OF
ing captain in the Prince's army. Sir John
was lost in the chase, and could not be
heard of, till next day wee heard he lay
wounded at a town three or four miles off;
and going with a party to fetch him off,
wee met him comeing in a cart. After Sir
John was well, wee resolved to leave that
garrison, and go to Newark, haveing divers
gentlemen to go along with us, and amongst
the rest, my Lord St Paule. Wee made it
one night and part of a day ere we reach-
ed Newark, and, by close marching in the
night, got thither undisturbed. After a
fornight's stay there, wee begin our march
to Oxford, but not in that order as ought
to have been in a country where the enemy
lay round about us; for wee had in our com-
pany soldiers so unruly, that gave the whole
country an alarum against us ; they would
ride out on every hand, rob the carriages,
and play such pranks, as wee could expect
no less than to be met with by the enemy.
After many small skirmishes, which delay-
ed our march, and gave the enemy's whole
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 59
body time to come up with us, and being
few in number, left us no liope but in
makeing the best shift we could to escape :
Some of our company had forsaken their
horses, and -betaken themselves to the
wood ; others followed on as long as they
could, and, still as they dropt oif, were ta-
ken by the enemy. My man, Thomas A-
damson, was once taken and escaped :
though I lost all I had, yet had the loss
been not so great, if Sir John Mainy had
not been taken, being sore wounded at
Dai n try, where my Lord Northampton,
with a party of horse, fetched him off. Wee
were fifteen that got to Banbury ; fifteen
were taken prisoners, and all the rest were
killed. This day proved a day of great ob-
servation to me, for the very day that my
father parted with his life, and all that he
had, the same day of the month, I parted
likewise with all I had, and was in some
hazard of my life : I shall long remember
it, being the 17th day of December 1644*.
* These superstitious observations were very com«
60 MEMOIRS or
From Banl^ury I went lo Oxford, and
left Sir John ; but he followed as soon as
lie was able for his wounds, haveing his
mouth cut up to his ears, and three other
wounds in his head and neck. I lived here
Avith great ease and much content, through
Sir William Parkhurst's noble entertain-
ment, till we leave Oxford, for the general
rendezvous at Bradwaydowns for the whole
of the King's troops in those parts *. Here
our army consisted of 3000 foot and 4000
horse : from hence we march to Evesham ;
from thence, northwards, to Burton upon
Trent ; from thence to Ashby de la Zouch ;
and, comeing thither, orders were sent to
Sir Marmaduke Langdale to go with the
northern horse, of which he had the com-
mand, consisting of 1400 horse, or there-
abouts, to hinder provisions, or any of the
country people, from comeing into Leices-
mon at this period. It was remarked, that Cromwell's
principal victories at Dunbar and Worcester, and, fi-
nally, his death, fell upon the 3d of September.
* The king took the field 7th May 1645.
SIR IlEXRY SLIKGSBY. 6*1
ter. Wee marclied immediately away to
within four miles of lieicester, and had
drawn our horse into a fair meadow, where
wee fed them ; our scouts give us notice of
some horse that were within half a mile of
us, and had gray-hounds with them a
coursing ; Sir Marmaduke sends some
horse towards them, and as they advanced,
wee perceived more horse coming from be-
hind the hill, and still as we drew out more
horse towards them, so did they, till at last
they appear before us in three bodies. Wee
advance to charge them, and still as wee
advance, they orderly draw off in the rear,
keeping still one body facing us. Thus,
sometimes retreatino;, sometimes makino: a
stand, wee forced them under the works of
Leicester, and with our horse take the hill
that lies above the town ; from hence wee
sent to the king to give him notice where
wee were ; and there wee lay that night ; the
next day the king comes with the rest of
the army and begirts the town, and took
62 MEMOIRS OF
it in a very little space *. Soon after fol-
lowed the battle of N asebie, where wee lost
our baggage, and the best part of our ar-
my -j-. From Nasebie wee retreated to Lei-
cester, and here I met with my lord Be-
lasyse, and in the night wee went together
to my lord Beamond's, and the next day
came to the king at Ashby, a garrison well
stored with good victuals, and a good cel-
lar; in the afternoon, with his remaining
horse to liitch field, from thence to Bewd-
ley, and so to Hereford, where wee made
some little stay, the king haveing sent Sir
Marmaduke Langdale with the Northern
horse, to quarter about Lenster, and prince
Rupert, and prince Maurice, to Bristol.
The city of Hereford is not much unlike
York for situation, and in some parts re-
sembles it very much ; for it hath a round
* Leicester was taken by storm, SOth May l645.
This important conquest was the last glimpse of for-
tune that shone on the banners of Charles. Leicester
was retaken on the 18th June following.
f The fatal battle of JSaseby, a death blow to the
royal causej was fought 14th June 1645.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 63
tower, mounted on a little hill, like to Clif-
ford s-tower. The king marched from hence
to Ragland castle, belonging to the Earl
of Worcester, very strong of itself, and
beautiful to behold. Here the king conti-
nued three weeks ; from hence wee march-
ed to Brecknock. The king now resolved
to try his fortune in the North, in hopes to
join the Marquis of Montross, and there-
fore, by many days march, passing by Wol-
verhampton, Lichfield, Titbury, Chats-
worth, wee came at last to Welbeck, my
lord of Newcastle's house, which then was
a garrison held by the king. Here came
to the king the gentlemen that were at
Newark, and the governor* with all the
Newark horse. After consultino; with these
gentlemen, the king intends to march to
Don caster, but was prevented by the dili-
gence of Poyntz, who was left General in
Yorkshire for the parliament j-. W^ee there-
* Sir Richard Byron,
t Major General Poyntz was posted at Rotheram
and Doncaster with 2000 horse, and had secured the
pass at Ferrybridge.
64 MEMOIRS OF
fore retreated back to Newark, and so to
Beavor, through the associated countries to
Stamford, then to Huntuigdon. Here wee
tarryed one day ; the king caused Collonel
Cromwell, a kinsman of the other, wi,om
he made sheriff, to send out his warrants to
summon the country to give their assis-
tance ; and accordingly there appeared, as
we passed by Godmanchester, about 400
countrymen, drawn together to offer them-
selves to the king. The king sent to give
them thanks, but withall to tell them, that
he should not need their assistance at that
time. From hence wee marched to Ox-
ford *, where the king tarried but one day,
not knowing where to repose himself; and
yet, wheresoever he marched, he was sure
to be followed by Poyntz, who had his or-
der given to attend the king's motions.
Therefore the king thinks to secure himself
once again anion ost the mountains in
"Wales, some of which we found almost in-
* August 28. 1646.
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 81
ble, many of the troopers horses tireing,
and hule accommodation to be met with,
whicli makes me remember this passage.
When the king was at supper, eating a
pullet, and a piece of cheese, the room
without was full, but the men's stomachs
were empty for want of meat ; the good-
wife, troubled with the continual calling
upon her for victuals, and haveing, it
seems, but that one cheese, comes into the
room where the king was, and very soberly
asks if the king had done with the cheese,
for that the gentlemen without desired it.
We continued our march untill wee
came to Chester, where wee found my
Lord Byron conmiand in the town, and
the enemy * in the suburbs so close that
it was some hazard to the king to pass the
bridge. Now our horse was quartered a-
bout three miles off, except the king's life-
guards, and my Lord Gerrard's horse, both
* Under Colonel Jones and Adjutant-General Lou-
thian.
E
m
82 MEMOIRS OF
which were drawn into the town, and in-
tended the next day to make a sally ; but
while preparations were making, a messen-
ger came, that brought the king word, that
Poynz had engaged Sir Marmaduke Lang-
dale to fight, but that the king must send
him a supply by reason that the enemy en-
creased ; whereupon the king sends forth
my Lord Litchfield and Lord Gerrard,
with those horse that were in the town ; but
before they could join, our horse was beat-
en, many taken, and my Lord of Litchfield
slain in view of the town and the king,
who, from one of the towers of the wall,
saw his troops defeated *. Here I do won-
der at the admirable temper of the king,
whose constancy was such, that no perils
never so unavoidable could move him to
astonishment, but that still he set the same
face, and settled countenance, upon what-
soever adverse fortune befel him, and nei-
* This defeat took place on Routon-heath, wilhin
three miles of Chester, 24th September, lG45.
SIR HEXRY SLIN"GSBY. 83
tlier was he exalted bj prosperity, nor de-
jected in adversity, which was the more ad-
mirable in him, seeing he had no other to
have recourse unto, but must bear the
whole burthen upon his own shoulders.
Wee left Chester next day, with the few
horse left that came safe to the town ; wee
passed the bridge in the day-time, haveing
setup blinds, that the enemy might not see
when the king passed it ; and except one
horse that was killed, I think no other took
any harm. From thence wee marched to
Denbigh Castle, one of the strongest in
Wales ; after that to Ruthven, till, at last,
by unknown ways and passages, with many^
dark and late rriarches, wee arrived at the
garrison at Newark, about the 14th of Oc-
tober *. The king makes no stay, but
* Sir Henry's recollection is here inaccurate^ or there
is an error in the transcription. The King came to
Newark on the 4th of October, and staid till the begin-
ning of November, when a siege began to be apprehend-
ed. He went from Newark to Daintry, thence to Ban-
bury, and so to Oxford.
84 MEMOIRS OF
marches for Tuxford ; from thence to
Worsop ; where it was agreed, that the
northern horse, commanded by Sir Mar-
mad uke liangdale, my Lord Digby *, and
my Lord Cornwath, should march into the
north, to join Montrose; the king, and the
remaining horse, should go back to New-
ark. But this design took no effect, for, at
Sherburn j-, they were overtaken by Col-
lonel Copley ; him they repulsed, but were
received by Collonel Lilburne, and put to
the worst, and quite routed, leaving dead up-
on the spot abuve forty, whereof Sir Rich-
ard was one, and Collonel Carnaby another ;
those Avhich escaped fled to Skipton ; but
Captain Robert Slingsby, being sore wound-
ed, was left at Aberforth, where he had his
wounds dressed and cured. My Lord
* Lord Digby had the chief command. See his let-
ter to the chancellor on this expedition, in Rushworth,
Part IV. Vol. i. p. 123.
f Here they surprised and routed Colonel Wren,
with a regiment of horse, and took lOOO prisoners. —
But Copley and Lilburne surprised them in their turn.
SIE HENRY SLINGSBr. 85
Digby, and the horse whicli remained,
makes still northward, till they came up-
on the Border, where a second misfor-
tune befel them : for, no sooner were they
come into Scotland, but, upon a sudden,
the Scotch horse falls into their quarters,
and utterly ruins and disperses them * :
My Lord Digby, my lord Cornwath, Sir
Marmaduke Langdale, got a boat which
wafted them into the Isle of Man; the
rest endured a great deal of misery before
they got into their own country.
When the King turned back to Newark,
Prince Rupert makes a venture to come
to him with an hundred horse through the
enemy's country, and was forced many
times to fight for a passage; and meeting
* Lord Digby long maintained himself, and kept his
forces together by availing himself of their knowledge
of the country. But, after avoiding the parliamentary
horse under Col. Briggsat Kirkby Lonsdale, as also Les-
ley's cavalry, and a force from the Scottish frontier,
commanded by Lord Balmerinoch, he was routed by Sir
John Brown, the Scottish governor of Carlisle, near
Carlisle Sands.
86 MEMOIRS 01'
with ibc horse of Burley-lioiisc, lie slew
the governor, that would be following too
near his heels ; yet, being way-laid by the
Lincolnshire horse, he recovered Beavor
castle with much difficulty '*'. About this
time 1 went from Newark to my own
house in disguise, with intention to supply
my wants with money, whereof I had a
long time great scarcity. I tarried about a
month at Haslewood, and kept in so pri-
vately, that I was not seen of any ; and
when I went to my own house, 1 took the
night- time for it, and in the night return-
ed ; scarce any in the house knowing that
I was there. So, after 1 had satisfied my-
self with one day's staj^ and taken with me
forty pounds in gold, 1 resolve to go back
to Newark, and that must be presently,
* Sir Richard Willis^ governor of Newark, was, at
this time, removed from that charge by the King, and
Lord Bellasis appointed in his stead, upon which occa-
sion about two hundred gentlemen left the king's ser-
vice. ISee Clarendon.
SIR IIENHY SLINGSBY. 8?
for the Scots were drawing towards it -f,
and I must not go thither, if I get not
there before them. I therefore came as I
went, in disguise, but not the same way ;
for I came by Don caster, but I went by
Co wick, through the Level), and, by good
fortune, returned safe to Newark. About
the latter end of November, the Scots came
to Muscome, a little off Newark, where, at
the bridge, we had a guard, but being not
able to maintain it, they fired the bridge,
and retreated not so discreetly as they
ought, for leaving it before the fire had well
taken hold, the Scots came and quench-
ed it. On the other side of the town lay
Poyntz and Rosseter, and, as the days be-
gan to grow longer, their forces drew near-
er to us, and made their line from the mid-
dle of the hill to the water of Trent, on
both sides of the town. The garrison was
well fortified, and well victualed, espe-
* Being probably moved by a vote of the Parlia-
mentj that ii they formed the siege of Newark before
the 1st of November, they should have SOjOOOl., but
otherwise not.
88 MEMOIRS or
cially with bread and beer, and had their
fortifications as well without the tOAvn,
by two regular sconces, as about it, with
a deep graft and strong bulwarks; and
on the outside of the graft they made two
row of holes, the height of a man in
depth, and so near, that it might hinder
the sudden assaulting of the works, to busy
the enemy the more. The governor would
continually be giveing them alarms, which
put I hem to so hard duty, in so cold and
frosty a winter, as was not almost to be
endured. (>nce wee had almost taken
Poyntz in his quarters, and, but that the
darkness of the night favoured him, he had
not escaped. W hen the enemy drew nearer
to us, our horse made a sally at the lower
end of the towne, upon a troop of the ene-
my's and some musqueteers ; we charge
home with them, and notwithstanding the
su|)eriority of their numbers, at last break
them, and as many as could not take over
a little bridge, which they had made over
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 89
a brook, take into the water, whereof many
were drowned. Albeit wee were worsted
when we should have beaten up the Scots
quarters at Muscome, where wee lost Ma-
jor Whitmore, who led the foot ; we made
a sally also into the isle with horse and
foot. Major-general Hire brings on the
horse, and Lord Lexington the foot. The
Scotch horse drew up in a body, except-
ing our charge ; our horse likewise comes
up to them, but by reason of a ditch which
separated them, we could not break in upon
them, whereupon twenty of our men take
a compass about, and fall upon the rear,
and did so fast belabour them with their
long tuckes*, that they could not endure
it, but took to their heels : this was in sight
of the parliaments three generals, Poyntz,
Lesley, and Rosseter, who were at that
* All foot soldiers had swords before, and indeed long
after, the introduction of the bayonet. Shad well, in
one of his comedies, describes the Roundheads " in
high-crowned hats, collared bands, great loose coats,
long tuckes under them, and calve's-leather boots;
then- used to sing a psaUn, fall on, and beat us to the
devil." — The Volunteers^ Act iii. Scene 1.
g() MEMOIRS OF
time altogather in the isle, but the enemy
bco-an to draw out so fast over the water,
that our horse had connnand given to re-
treat. Now, all hope was taken away from
us ; wee could not rely any thing upon the
king, for he was close besieged at Oxford,
neither could wee expect any relief from
the Marquis of JNIontrose, for Davie Less-
lie had chased him into the mountains;
our best way was lo apply ourselves to a
treaty, and get as honourable conditions
as might be : but while wee were upon our
treaty, notice was given us from the Scots
camp, that the king was come among them
in disguise, willing rather to yield himself
to the Scots, who shewed some moderation,
than to the parliament, who so vehement-
ly persecuted him. Therefore, he sends to
the Governor, to make up an agreement
speedily, for he knew the parliament would
demand him of the Scots; and, upon re-
fusal, send after to hinder his march. This
command of the kings, and I may allege,
the plague too, which was so hot among us,
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 91
might be sufficient cause for yielding up
the town so hastily ; whereupon articles of
redition being agreed and concluded, wee
yielded up the town, and marched out the
8th of May, 1646. The king and the
Scots army marched away the day before
us to Tuxford, where at a rendezvous I
came to them, taking the opertmiity of ha-
ving the company of a Scotch captain, who
came to view the garrison the day before
wee yielded the towne, and so lay that
night at Kelham, at mistress Love's house,
where the kino- had lod«;ed the nio;ht be-
fore. In five days march wee came to
Topcliffe, with a speedy quick march ; and
herein the Scots may be commended for
their order and good discipline, both in
takeing up their quarters, and in their
march ; whether it was by reason of the
king's being among them, or that it was
usual for them to doe, I cannot tell, for it
was the first time that I came into their quar-
ters ; but they shewed a great deal of cele-
rity, not a man being scarce seen to straggle,
92 MEMOIRS OF
and if ihey made a halt, they never made
it both with horse and foot together; but
if the horse halted, the foot marched
through. A little before wee came toTop-
cliffe, where the king dined, I was com-
manded by the king to return home, which
was upon the lllh of May, 1646. After
takeing leave of the King, I went to New-
brough, where my daughter was in the house
with my brother Belasyse ; and, after a
day's rest, came home to Red-house. But
since they have from York laid wait for
me to take me, and I have escaped them,
I take myself to one room in my house,
scarce known of by my servants, where I
spend my days in great silence, scarce da-
ring to speak, or walk, but with great
heed, lest I be discovered : Et jam veniet
tacito, curva senectus, pede. Why I should
be thus aimed at, I know not ; if my
neighbourhood to York makes them not
more quarrelsome, my disposition is to
love quietness, and, since the king willed
me to go home, when I parted from him
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. Q3
at Topcliffe, (which I took the more notice
of, being a discharge from his service the
very day of the month that I came into it
by the date of my commission, which was
the 11th of May), I resolved to keep home,
if the Lord Mayor, Alderman AYatson,
would have permitted me quietly to live
there ; but they will not suffer me to have
the benefit of the articles of Newarke,
which gave us liberty of three months to
live at home undisturbed, but from York
they send to take me within the first
month, and all is to try me with the nega-
tive oath, and national covenant ; the one
makes me renounce my allegiance, the other
my religion. For the oath, why it should
be imposed on us to swear not to assist the
king, when all means are taken from us
whereby we might assist him, and not to
assist in this w^ar which is now come to an
end, and nothing in all England held for
the King, I see no reason ; unless they
■would have us do a wicked act, and they
the authors, out of greater spite to wound
94 MEMOIRS OF
both the soul and the body ; for noAV the
not takeiiig of the oath cannot much pre-
judice them, and the takeing of it will
much prejudice us, being contrary to for-
mer oaths, which we have taken, and
against civil justice, which, as it abhors
neutrality, will not admit a man should
falsify that trust which he hath given. This
is commendable in the mouths of our very
enemys, who have been known to use a
man better, for his constancy to that side
he hath taken, and that will not be bought
and sold, and more cause there is where his
obligations stand towards his prince ; the
Germans held it a perpetual infamy to re-
turn from that battle wherein their prince
Was slain, it being the principalest part of
their oath to defend and maintain him,
and ascribe their own exploits to his glory
and honour. One of the family of the
Claudii is commended for his constancy,
that he would not forsake Antony, but
when all others had yielded themselves to
Augustus, he only stuck to him : Et solus
SIR HEKRY SLINGSBY. 95
ipse permansit in partibus. As for the cove-
nant, which they would have me take,
there is first reason that I should be con-
vinced of the lawfulness thereof, before I
take it, and not urged, as the Mahometans
do their disciples, by force, and not by rea-
son ; for, by this new religion which is
imposed, you make every man that takes it
up guilty either of haveing no religion, and
so become an atheist, or else a religion put
on or off as he doth his hat to every one he
meets: meantime, to keep out of their hands,
I am deprived of my health, as wanting li-
berty to enjoy the fresh air; for keeping
close in one room without air did stifle the
vital spirits, and meeting with a crazy
bod}^ made so by the immoderate bleed-
ing of the hemorrhoides with excess of hu-
mours through want of exercise, did so dis-
temper all the parts, that, unless by the
help of a glyster, I could never go to the
stool.
Since my coming home I did pare of the,
swarth, and did gravel that walk which is
96 MEMOIRS or
on the side of the west-orchard, which
Will. Ilinckcs planted, and set the walk
with trees on either side; one of ash, the
other of sicamore, and among them one oak
planted in the year 1622. Thomas Adam-
son, my gardiner, in the year 1646, at my
comeing home, set that ash which grows
by the causey, as you go from the low sta-
ble to the inges ; he also set that grove of
sicamore by the green, which, many years
agoe, had been the seat of the house,
which is now called Red-house.
Having thus passed some time, I hear
the Parliament began to treat with the
Scots, to have the king return back unto
them, makeing shew they would give him
an honourable reception ; but they made
him at last know he was their prisoner :
and, while 1 remained concealed in my
own house, I could hear of his going to
Holmby, to Hampton-court, the Isle of
Wight, to White-hall, and, at last, which
was his last day, upon the 30th of January,
1648, I hear — Heu me ! Quid heu me I
SIR HENRY SLINGSBY. 81
HUMANA PERPESSI SUMUS. [With this
melancholy reflection, excited by the exe-
cution of his beloved sovereign on a pub-
lic scaffold, Sir Henry Slingsby closes his
Memoirs.]
I
MEMOIRS
OF
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON
OF
COALLEY-HALL, NEAR HALIFAX;
TOUCHING
HIS CONDUCT IN THE CIVIL WARS, AND HIS TROUBLES
AFTER THE RESTORATION.
WRITTEN BY HIMSELF,
AND NOW FIRST PUBLISHED FROM HIS MANUSCRIPT.
ADVERTISEMENT,
6Y
JOSEPH RITSON, Esq.
1 HE following Memoirs, written with the author's owtt
hand, are contained in a sort of pocket-book, which
had afterwards belonged to his son-in-law William
Kitchin, whence they have been carefully transcribed.
The incorrect orthography of the writer, indeed, has
not been adhered to, and some few emendations have
been made in his grammar; but the language is, in
every other respect, as it fell from his pen.
Of' the author and his family nothing has been learn-
ed, beyond what we are told by himself in the course
of the present narrative. He appears to have been ori-
ginally an ensign " to Captain Nathaniel Bower ;" after-
wards lieutenant " to Captain Pockley, in Major-Gene-
ral Lambert's regiment of horse;" and, afterwards,
'^ ordered into Colonel Sanders's regiment of horse ;'*
86 ADVERTISEMENT.
and, from the binding over of Daniel Lysten, as well as
from bis conversation witb Sir John Armitage, to bave
been an acting magistrate, under tbe Commonwealth,
for tbe county of York. By bis wife, whose maiden
name was Stanclife, be had issue two sons, Timothy and
Eleazer, and three daughters: Sarah, who died in her
infancy; Martha, who died the widow of William Kit-
chin in 1672, leaving one child, Elisabeth ; and Lydia,
of whom nothing further occurs. How long the family
continued to possess Coley (or, as the author writes it,
Coalley) hall, does not appear. Watson, in bis " His-
tory of the Parish of Halifax," ranks it among '^ tbe
most considerable places" in tbe township of Hipper-
holme, in that parish ; and says it was " formerly wrote
Caldley, meaning the cald-ley, or cold pasture *," and
that the house was lately tbe property and place of resi-
dence of William Horlon, Esq. of tbe family of How-
royd ; but be and bis descendants being dead, it came,
by inheritance, to the Beaumonts of Whitley in York-
shire. " The fabric," he adds, '' is modern, and affords
neither arms, inscriptions, nor any thing antique." It
seems, however, somewhat extraordinary, that so indus-
trious an antiquary should never bave heard, that this
very house had, not above eighty years before, been tbe
seat, and, for any thing that appears to the contrary,
the paternal inheritance of Captain John Hodgson, a
* The author took it apparently to mean, the Coal-ley, or Coal-
pasture.
ADVERTISEMENT. 87
character, perhaps, of no less consequence or respecta-
bihty than either " WilHam Horton, Esq." or " the
Beaumonts of Whitley."
At the end of these Memoirs, which appear to have
been written in the month of September l683*, are
some imperfect observations on " God's call to Abra-
ham, about great and stupendious works." In another
part of the book, are some entries in cypher, or short-
hand ; and " certayne queries collected out of an act of
Parliament, made in the 22d and 2od of Charles the II.
cap. 20. (about jail fees)." The other writings are re-
ceipts, accounts, and various uninteresting memoran-
dums.
Without meaning to dispute the merit of De Foe, in
his peculiarly happy manner of telling a story, or, in
other words, in the art of book-making, it will probably
be found, that, truth or falsehood being out of the ques-
tion, in point of importance, interest, and even pleasant-
ry. Captain Hodgson's narrative is infinitely superior to
the " Memoirs of a Cavalier."
*^* Besides the north country phrases and obsolete
military terms which occur throughout these Memoirs,
the author has used certain words in a seemingly pecu-
liar sense: as gap-stead, for a breach in a hedge; while,
for till; the leave, {lave, Scottish) for the rest; in the head
of the army, for at the head; with for by; for for from;
over-run for run away from; as for that, 8^c.
* The last date in the pocket-book is, the 11th of January in that
year; which, it is probable, the author did not long survive.
MEMOIRS
OF
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON.
W HEN I put my hand to the Lord's work,
in 1642, I did it not rashly, but had many
an hour and night to seek God, to know
my way, it being a time the nation was
filled with rumours, and fears of some bust-
ling betwixt the king and his great council
the Parliament, that was called before the
rebellion in Ireland ; and the first thing I
took notice of, the king was gone for Scot-
land, to settle the service-book: But it
would not pass according to his mind ; and
while he was contending with them, news
comes to him, that the rebels were up in
90 MEMOIRS OF
Ireland, and murdering all the protestants
before them, men, women, and children ;
at which tidings he leaves the Scots, and
retreats to his Parliament at London ; and
not being long there, the Scots had raised
a considerable army, and marched to the
borders, to vindicate their rights, as they
pretended. The king would have had his
Parliament to have declared them rebels,
which they refused ; and to have granted
money in England to suppress them by
force, in which they were very shy. At last
he raises the train-bands, and other forces,
to march towards the borders ; and coming
to a treaty with the Scots, commissioners
were appointed on both sides, and met at
Rippon, and agreed upon articles ; but not
being pleasing at court, they were after-
wards burnt, by order, at Charing-cross, by
the common hangman. Thus ill humours
began to breed through the three nations,
and sprung on apace to a very great height.
Papers flew up and down in every place.
That dreadful news out of Ireland put a
CAPTAIX JOHN HODGSON. 91
damp upon all honest spirits ; the common
report being of two hundred thousand mur-
dered. Things began to look sadly at
home : The papists grew high ; the protes-
tant party much discouraged. His majes-
ty, with a guard, demands five members
out of the House of Commons ; but was
disappointed, by reason of their absence
that day *. It seems he took the huff, and
withdrew himself, guards, and party, to
Newmarket, and, by degrees, to York, to
set up the standard at Nottingham, and to
lay siege to Hull.
These things caused serious thoughts in
many ; and amongst things that I read and
heard were these following, viz. That the
safety of the people is the supreme law both
of nature and nations ; and that there was
a people before there were rulers and go-
vernors chosen and set over them; and
* 4th of January, 1041-2. These five memhers were,
exclusive of Lord Kimbolton, Mr Pym, Mr Hampden,
Mr Holies, Sir Arthur Hesehige, and Mr Stroud.
92 MEMOIRS OF
when these lurned the government, laid
down by law, into an armed force, then did
the people betake themselves to thoughts
of reformation. This hath been an old prac-
tice, whether the government hath been
monarchy, aristocracy, or democracy : the
fountain hath been from the agreement of
the people ; and that rulers and governors
are accountable to the people for their mis-
government, when they transgress the laws
and rules by which the people did agree
they would be governed, (that is, the peo-
ple assembled in parliaments or chief coun-
cils.) Now, I have found that England was
never a pure monarchy, (for that is tyranny,)
but a political monarchy governed by laws.
It had a king, the chiefest officer; one single
person, who was compassed with laws, above
him, being made for him to rule by ; and
with a necessity of concurrence with Lords
and Commons below him for future legisla-
tive power and authority ; and he, at his co-
ronation, swears to rule his people according
to those laws. But at this time the breach
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 93
between king and Parliament grew wider
each day than other; and preparations
were making for war in each place. The
country people were threatened to have
their arms taken from them ; and that noise
of the dreadful massacre in Ireland startled
many, and constrained them to whet their
swords, and to prepare such instruments as
they possibly could to defend themselves,
which was done by many that did foresee
evil : — ^and observe the success !
Sir William Saville, this Lord of Halifax's
father*, draws up an army of horse and
foot, with two great guns, on a sabbath-day,
in the morning, against Bradford-church;
the town's-people that had arms having fled
into it to secure themselves. Several neigh-
bours came into Halifax vicarage to the
chapels, to crave the assistance of such as
were able and willing, that they would af-
* Sir George Saville, son of Sir William, was creat-
ed Viscount Halifax in 166,7, and Marquis of Halifax
in 1682.
94 MEMOIRS OF
ford their help to rescue their poor besieged
iieigh])ours, who were threatened with no-
thing less than destruction, viz. burning,
disarming, imprisoning, killing, and what
not. A good man, one Isaac Baume, comes
in haste to Coalley-chapel, and there ac-
quaints the minister, one Mr Latham,
what their condition was at Bradford ; and
he enlargeth upon it, to the congregation,
with a great deal of tenderness and affec-
tion, so that many of us did put our hands
to the plough with much resolution, being
well appointed with necessary weapons ;
and coming down to Bradford-kirk, found
the enemy ready to make an attempt up-
on them in the kirk. But we gave them no
time ; but with a party of club-men, or such
as had scythes layed in poles, fell upon their
horse on one side, and the musketeers on
the houses, that were ready to storm the
church, on the other side, and so beat them
off; took most of them prisoners that were
got into the houses ; and had taken their
guns, but that we wanted a scattering of
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 95
horse. We had a sore brush with them ;
and made an honourable retreat, after an
hazardous pursuit*.
The night after, we spent our time upon
the guards, in telUng what exploits had been
done, and blessing God for his deliverance.
I was fetched home the next day, and ano-
ther man brought in rny room, to supply
my place ; but immediately after comes a
fresh alarm, and then I was resolved to stay
by it. Old Ferdinando, Lord Fairfax,
comes to Bradford to strengthen his party,
and gave an invitation to the country to
come in ; at which time many appeared,
both horse and foot, and staid in the army.
Great preparations there were through the
nation ; and the Parliament had declared
their fears and jealousies, that there was a
popish party about the king, carrying on a
design to alter religion ; that the war with
* This skirmish is mentioned in Lord Fairfax's let-
ter to tiie Speaker^ 26th January 1642. — Rushworth,
Vol. V. p. 126.
96 MEMOIRS OF
Scotland was procured for to make way for
it ; that the rebellion in Ireland was framed
in England, and shoidd have been acted
here. These things were scattered amongst
us, and made us closer unto ourselves. I
was made ensign to Captain Nathaniel
Bower, and one Forbes, a Scot, command-
ed us. We were several companies of horse
and foot that lay at Bradford. Sir Thomas
Fairfax was with us sometimes. Sir Henry
Foulis, and others. The old lord lay then
about Wresil, Selby, and Hull. We dreV
forth one night over Aperly bridge, by Raw-
don, to Woodhouse-muir, commanded by
Sir Thomas, and there Hotham met us ; it
being designed to make an attempt upon
Leeds, Sir William Saville's quarters. And
it proved such a tempest, that we could not
draw up on the muir ; but Sir Thomas drew
us down into the bottoms towards Leeds,
and, by degrees, we entered the town near
the water side, and our horse broke in on
the other side, and met in the market-place,
and beat out their horse and foot, and put
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 97
them all to run *. We kept Leeds a garri-
son ; and that winter the Earl of Newcastle
was preparing his great northern army, and
marches southward by degrees. Lord Pair-
fax, quartering at Selby, resohed to leave
the place, and to join with us at Leeds ;
and for that purpose sends Sir Thomas or-
ders to march out to Sherburn, to face the
enemy belonging to York, while he got by
with his carriages: And Sir Thomas, ex-
ceeding his commission at the request of
the clubmen, he marches to Tadcaster to
pull down their works, and there trifles out
time so long, until horse and foot were
marched over at Thorp-arch, and got near
our way, when we retreated, and proved
much to our damage ; for at Seacroft tliey
fell upon us, and totally routed us. Our
poor foot suffered much, but the horse es-
caped to Leeds. I was there sore wound-
ed, shot in two places, cut in several, and
* Leeds was taken, 23d January 1643-4. — Rush-
worth, Vol. V. p. 125.
G
98 MEMOIRS or
led off into a wood, by one of my soldiers,
called Killinghall wood. With much ado
he got me to Leeds in the night, and it was
a considerable time before I was cured.
The next attempt our army made was
the storming of Wakefield. Sir Thomas
had about 1,500 horse and foot, drawn
from Bradford and Leeds, and fell upon
the works, beat the enemy out of the town,
and took their great guns from them, though
they were judged to be double in number
to him *. Not long after this appears the
Earl of Newcastle, with a formidable army.
It was observed by some, that the land was
like Eden before him, and behind him as a
barren wilderness -j-. He marcheth up to
Atherton, and there pitcheth. All the forces
we could spare in Leeds, Halifax, and
Bradford, with some Lancashire regiments,
were drawn un towards Wiskett hill ; and.
* 20th May 1643-4.— Rushwouth, Vol. v. p. 269-
Leeds had been occupied, for the King, by General
Goring, who was taken prisoner upon this occasion.
*t" See Joel, chap. ii. v. 3.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 9^
after some lime, they joined battle with the
great army, and beat tliem off their ground^
put them to the foil, and m all probability
had beat Newcastle oft' the field ; but the
matter changed in a trice, and a party of
their horse coming on, our party retreated^
and never faced again tliat day *. Some
fled to Bradford, some to Halifax. With-
in a few days after they drew up their
whole army, and besieged us in Bradford ;
planted their pocket-pistols -j- and mortar-
pieces against the kirk and town; frighted
many, but killed thw. Sir 'I homas came
to us from Halifax, and got into the town.
We grew soon at a great loss for want
of provisions, and ammunition to secure
the place ; and, after some time, we were
forced to over-run it J. Some got clear
* 30th June, 1643-4.— Rusiivvorth, Vol. v. p. 279.
f Two pieces of cannon, shooting thirty-six pound
balls, callf^d the Queen's pocket-pistols, otherwise Oog
and Magog. They were lost in the retreat from Hull.
;j; Fairfax escaped to Hull, where he assumed the
command in place of Sir Jolin Hotham, arrested by the
Mayor, on suspicion of a design to deliver up the place
to the King.
100 MEMOIRS OP
away into Lancashire ; others of the horse
broke out, and got to Hull : Many were
taken prisoners ; myself was stript into my
shirt, and driven in amongst the rest. Af-
ter they had kept us two or three days,
they had us to Leeds, and there many took
up arms ; they were going to besiege Hull,
and a small while they staid there. The
most of the prisoners were released ; some
on one account, some on another. I made
it my work to get into Lancashire, to Roch-
dale, and there I fell sick of a fever ; and,
after recovery, I was sent for to Thornhall
in Craven, where we gathered together three
or four companies of such as had fled away,
and got out of prisons ; and, in a little time.
Sir Thomas Fairfax, who left Hull with his
horse and dragoons, betakes himself into
Lincolnshire, and joins with Rossi ter, and
some others, at Winsby, and routed Goring,
Hopton, and all their party. After, he was
appointed to raise the siege at Nantwich,
which was made by those forces sent by
King and Parliament, to suppress the cut-
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 101
throat lories in the rebellion *. These de-
sert their work, and fight in England against
the Parliament's friends ; besieged Nant-
wich, and had brought it very low, but that
they proved stout within. Sir Thomas sends
an order for our companies to meet him at
Knutsford-heath, near Manchester. The
good man wept when he looked upon us;
yet did give great encouragement, if God
gave success, that in the battle we should
be taken care for in a peculiar manner.
We were put upon the forlorn. That morn-
ing we came to engage, we beat up an am-
buscade at a mill, and took many prison-
ers ; our horse fell in, and took them off
our hands. We marched on to the enemy's
main body, near Achton church ; and there
we went to prayers ; and, after a council of
war, it was resolved, to march the whole
* Meaning the Irish rebels. " In the coldest season
of the year, I was commanded by the Parliament to
go and raise the siege at ISantwich; which the Lord
Byron, with the Irish army, had reduced to great ex-
tremity." — Lord Fairfax's Memorials, p. 69.
102 MEMOIRS OF
army to Nantwich, fearing we wanted
fool ; and, as we were slowly moving after
the pioneers with the guns and waggons,
the enemy fell upon our right flank with
all the power they eould : And much ado
we had to get our party into order ; yet at
last it was done, though through many dif-
fieulties, and great hazards. It pleased God
Ave kept our ground ; and one Captain
Holt, wilh four or five companies of Ash-
ton's regiment, falls upon our enemy's flank
in the hedges, and so we put the English-
Irish to retreat to their waggons and guns
at the church, and there we seized on all,
and set a guard about the prisoners. There
Monk* was taken prisoner, and many
thousands f-. Several took up arms with
us. Our company was appointed for Co-
lonel Bright, to make up his regiment. He
* General Monk, who afterwards restored Charles
II., and was made Duke of Albemarle, then Colonel
in the King's service. Nantwich was relieved 21st Jar.
nimry, 164+-5.
•\ In ail, 1,500 only.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 103
had some companies came from about
Shefiield before us. He was but young
when he first had the command ; but he
grew very valiant and prudent, and had his
officers and soldiers under good conduct.
He continued with us until 1650, that was
so far as Newcastle in our way to mvade
Scotland, and there he left us.
We marched back out of Cheshire to
Sowerby, and from thence to Halifax, and
back to Kighly, and so to Bradford, Major-
General Lambert commanding the whole
party. We found the enemy in Bradford *,
but they over-run the kirk. Our horse had
some pickeering with them up to the lane
head, and was put to flight; but our foot
gave them such a salute with shot, as made
them run for it. We retreated to Bradford
and quartered there a while, and after
marched to Leeds, and, after, took Selby-f;
* Colonel Bellasis, governor of York, had marched
thither in hopes of surprizing Lambert.
t Here Colonel Bellasis was totally defeated, and
made prisoner, Uth April 16-14.
104< MEMOTRS OF
and, upon an instant, three armies were
joined togetlier, and besieged York : The
Lord Fairfax at Walnigate-bar; the Scots
at Mickle-gate ; and Manchester at Booth-
arn-bar.
June 5, 1645. Sir Marmaduke Langdale
comes out of the south, with a body of
horse, to raise the siege at Pontefract ; and
Colonel Lambert meeting them at Went-
bridge engaged himself so far, that he came
busily off; and, after some little bustle,
most of our forces fled to Ferrybridge : Only
our regiment stayed on the field ; and if we
had but had two troops of horse with us we
had kept the field, but we were totally rout-
ed. The castle-foot being on one side, and
the horse on another, they put us to the
rout. Many were taken prisoners, but
those were soon released * ; so that we be-
sieged it again in a month's time, or there-
* The author had originally written, " but not ma-
ny taken, and those that was prisoners was soon re-
leased," The four first words are obliterated, and
^' many taken prisoners" interlined,
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 105
about. For they began to be in a low con-
dition within; and, one Tuesday night,
Sandal-nien coming at unawares, got in
some fifty beasts : Our men took thirty
from them at the castle side ; six or seven
horsemen were forced into the castJe, that
had not liberty to come out. After this
they grew quiet, and made no sallies. They
then began to turn out women and children,
and one old man ; and our governor Colo-
nel Overton exanuning them, sent them in
again ; it was presently surrendered. The
Scotch army was marching towards Leices-
ter, when the King's forces had made en-
trance. At this time came tidings, that
Montrose was routed in Scotland, and
driven ^nto a castle *.
I changed my condition 17th April 1646 ;
we quartered then in York.
February 6, 1648, we were besieging
* He was defeated at Philiphaugh, on the 13th
September 1645.
106 MEMOIRS OF
Pontefract castle, and in great hopes of the
rendition of it*.
IVJay the 8th, 1646. Tidings came to
York, that the king was come to Newark,
and surrendered himself lo the Scots army,
and presently after they marched by to
Newcastle.
July 6, 1648 -j-. The Yorkshire army,
quartered at Cattrick, being retreated from
Barnard castle by reason of the enemy's
advance. Colonel Harrison's regiment of
horse, Twiselton's and the General's regi-
* It did not surrender till the 22d of March, after a
siege of several months.
N. B. This is the second siege the author now speaks
of; the castle having been surprized by the royaUsts on
the 3d of June preceding. He probably intended to
insert the paragraph in its proper place, but had for-
gotten: which has given occasion to some person to
correct the chronology, by converting the 8 into a 6,
and the next 6 into an 8.
-f At this time the civil war was rekindled. Sir Mar-
maduke Langdale, on the part of the King, had sur-
prized Carlisle; and gathering together the northern
royalists, had formed an army strong enough to face
Lambert, under whom our author served, and who
commanded in the north for the Parliament.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 10?
ment of foot, came to us, and we drew up
on Gatherley muir. Tliat night quartered
near Kirby on the liill ; the next day march-
ed towards Bowes, where the enemy was
retreated : That night we liad a party of
horse and foot drawn over Stanemore, and
kept a pass not far from Brough. Our men
fell upon their rear, and brought in some
prisoners. Sir Marmaduke Langdale did
appear himself, but durst not engage*.
We met with tempestuous weather over
Stanemore ; took Appleby castle, with four
days siege; drew on to Penrith, where the
enemy appeared near Kirkby Thorpe. We
expected a battle, but they over-run us,
havino; the sconce of a wood, which was
called Whinfield park : Our horse fell up-
on their rear, and did execution. We drew
* The Scottish Parliament were now about to de-
clare for the King ; and it is believed, that Langdale
had strict orders to risk nothing till the advance of
the Scottish army. — Rushworth, vii. p. 1148. Ra-
f IN, Vol. ii. p. 552.
108 MEMOIRS OF
up to Penrith, and refreshed ourselves three
or four days : Our army was very healthy
and stout, though it was unseasonable wea-
ther. We marched towards Carlisle, and
drew up our army within a mile of it, and
viewed their army under the walls, and
could proceed no further. Several soldiers
were taken that had run away from us, and
were judged to be hanged ; but mercy was
used. That day we drew back to Penrith,
and our regiment was ordered for Yorkshire;
and, being marched as far as Appleby,
(Lancashire forces being come to Kendal
to supply our place, but being unwilling to
march,) we were called back to Penrith with
all expedition, and marched towards Car-
lisle ; and the next morning stormed Rose
castle, and took it without the loss of a
man. We broke open the gate, and en-
tered ; took twenty-five prisoners : Major
Cholmley was left in it, with a party of horse,
to hinder Carlisle garrison from provision,
and took many prisoners. By this time the
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 109
Lancashire forces were come up*, and the
army marched to Warwick bridge, where
the enemy kept a guard ; and on the Sab-
bath day, in the morning, our horse fell un-
expectedly upon them, and took a hundred
prisoners in their quarters, most of them vo-
lunteers that came out of Yorkshire. On
Monday we drew up to Carlisle, where the
enemy were fortifying themselves at Stan-
wick ; but when we appeared they over-run
their works, and sheltered themselves in
Carlisle. We kept guard on Scotland-side
five days, withai musket-shot of the town ;
and immediately a great part of our horse
was sent, under the conduct of Colonel Lel-
burn, into Northumberland, where Lang-
dale had sent his horse, most of them ; and
our horse falling upon them unawares, fell
into their quarters, seized on the horses in
the fields, and the men in their quarters,
* Four regiments of foot, and two of horse, were or-
dered to join Lambert by the committee of Lanca-
shire.
110 MEMOIRS OF
and routed tbem totally. They were th(i
gallantry of Langdale's army * ; and all this
was done without the loss of one man on
our party. The encouragement to this at-
tempt, was the information of an old wo-
man, that gave our men an account of their
security. First, they secured six hundred
horse in the fields ; and, after, rid into their
quarters, and cried, horse! horse! and took
four hundred prisoners. Colonel Grey, their
chief commander, and three other Colonels,
with many captains and gentlemen, that
would not confess they had command.
When these tidings came to Major-Ge-
neral Lambert, who was always faithful and
forward to promote the work, he drew us
off from Carlisle, and marched us to Bramp-
ton, in Gilsland ; and the enemy, in Car-
* They consisted of 700 or 800 horse, under Colo-
nel Tempest, who had been detached by Langdale in-
to Northumberland to effect a junction with Colonel
Grey, which he achieved, but was unfortunately sur-
prized by Colonel Lelburne, 1st July i648. A list of
the prisoners may be found, Rushwouth, Vol. vii.
p. 1175.
CAPTAIN JOHX HODGSON. Ill
lisle, seeing us draw off, was lifted up, ex-
pecting great things, and marched after us
with horse and foot, thinking to have play-
ed some great exploit : And indeed they
came on resolutely, and fell upon our rear;
but Major Robinson, that never-to-be-for-
gotten commander for his gallantry, put
them to the foil, though he was inconsider-
able in number to them ; yet lying in am-
buscade, at a barn-end, with a party of
horse, he, with his true-bred Lancastrians,
fell upon them, and slashed them off the
field. They took eleven considerable men
prisoners, one a captain of horse. We
drew off to Brampton, three miles off' Car-
lisle, near Eden ; but in this time we had
taken Greystock castle. Brougham castle,
Skelby and Appleby castles, and Cocker-
mouth, and Saint Wilfrey isle *. We quar-
tered about Ireby, 6th July l648.
* See Lambert's account of these successes^ in Rush-
worth, Vol. vii. p. 1184.
112 MEMOIRS OF
About the IStb July l648, tidings came
to the head-c[uarters, that Hauiilton had
entered England with his vast army, and
now was marched within eight miles of
Penrith where we lay, and there threatened
to eat us up at once *. Some brought us
intelligence, they were at a stand in their
councils, being divided. At this time comes
news of a great victory obtained by Colo-
nel Rossiter in Nottinghamshire, the 5th
July 1648 f-; and this alarm of the Scots
drawing so near to us, it was resolved not
to stand them fight there, they being so nu-
merous, and we so few. We sent away our
carriages for Appleby, and only kept the
ammunition with us ; and so we retreated
by degrees. We had spies amongst their
army daily, that brought us true intelli-
* The Duke of Hamilton, with the Scottish forces,
joined Sir Marniaduke Langdale near Carlisle, and
made up an army of about 12,000 men.
•f Over the royal garrison of Pontefract castle, un-
der Sir Philip Mouncton and Sir Gilbert Byron, whom
he encountered at Willoughby bridge.
I
CAPTAIN^ JOHN HODGSON. 113
gence of their numbers, as near as could be
computed, and dieir postures and demea-
nours. As we retreated they pursued, and
fell upon our rear-guard of horse near Ap-
pleby, that was commanded by that pious
worthy commander Major-General Harri-
son ; and he got a sore wound, yet not mor-
tal. A great providence of God was ob-
served : The Scots draw down with horse
and foot towards Appleby bridge, and at
their first appearance the Avater was forda-
ble, but in a short time it was risen so high
as we had no fords to maintain but only
the bridge, where we had our foot placed
on a piece of advantageous ground. Be-
ing below them, and they coming down
full upon us, our foot gave them weight of
lead, and missed not their mark ; and be-
cause they could not come to us, being
many fallen, we marched to them, both
horse and foot, beat them to their main bo-
dy a mile olF, and made a safe retreat*.
* Harrison was wounded in this affair,
H
114 MEMOIRS OF
These wonders our leader, whom we desired
to serve, wrought for us, lo our great encou-
ragement ; and, on the contrary, lo the dis-
couragement of the adversary. The next
night we marched towards Stanemore, and
left a garrison in Appleby. One El wand,
a lieutenant belonging * to our regiment,
had commanded a party of stout men to
join with Captain Aitkenson, and they left
not a chirurgeon with them. The Scots
lay down before it ; and, after some sallies
and skirmishes, they treated, and yielded
upon some small terms, to march away with
their arms ; and so came after us to Ber-
nard castle. The Scots marched towards
Kendal, we towards Ilippon ; where Oli-
ver* met us with horse and foot. We were
then betwixt eight or nine thousand ; a fine
smart arm}^, and fit for action. We march-
ed up to Shipton ; and the forlorn of the
* Oliver Cromwell; afterwards, in name. Lord Pro-
tector, and in power. King. There seems to have been
bad generalship on Hamilton's part, in not fighting
Lambei t before this junction.
i
CAP.TAIN JOHN HODGSON. 115
enemy's horse was come to Gargrave, and
took some men away, and made others pay
what money they pleased ; having made
havock of the countr}^, it seems, intending
never to come there again. At this time
Captain Currer, a dreaping commander we
had in those days, should have delivered up
the castle to Langdale if he had come on,
but stout Henry Cromwell commanded the
forlorn to Gargrave, but the Langdales
over-run him. The next day we marched
to Clithero ; and, at Waddey, our forlorn
of horse took Colonel Tempest and a party
of horse, for an earnest of what was behind.
That night we pitched our camp at Stan-
yares hall, a papist's house, one Sherburne ;
and the next morning a forlorn was drawn
out of horse and foot ; and, at Langridge
chapel, our horse gleaned up a consider-
able parcel of the enemy, and fought them
all the way until within a mile of Preston.
They were drawn up very formidably. One
Major Poundall and myself commanded the
forlorn of foot ; and being drawn up by the
Il6 MEMOIRS OF
moor side, (that scattering we had being
not half the number we should have been,)
the general comes to us, and commands to
march : We not having half of our men come
up, desired a little patience ; he gives out
the word, march! and so we drew over a
little common, where our horse was drawn
up, and came to a ditch, and the enemy
let fly at us (a company of Langdale's men
that was newly raised). They shot at the
skies, which did so encourage our men, that
they were Avilling to venture upon any at-
tempt; and the major orders me to march
to the next hedge, and I bid him order the
men to follow me, and there drew out a
small party ; and we came up to the hedge
end, and the enemy, many of them, threw
down their arms, and run to their party,
where was their stand of pikes, and a great
body of colours. We drew up toward them;
and on our right hand was a party of foot
drawing off, that laid an ambuscado to hin-
der our horse, commanded by Major Smith-
son, for passing up the lane ; and I seeing
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 117
their office^, that over-run his soldiers, re-
treating by himself, and the soldiers a great
way behind him, bid the soldiers be in rea-
diness, and stand still ; and I leaped over
the ditch, and made at the champion,
which was one Colonel Carleton that after-
wards I knew, but he over-run me on the
plain-field, which caused a great shout in
our army ; in which time Major Smithson
was advanced as forward as we were ; and
the enemy coming against us with a great
body of colours, we had no way to shelter
ourselves, but drew over a lane where Ma-
jor Smithson was, and 'there wje kept them
in play so long as our ammunition lasted,
and still kept our ground. At last comes
a party of Scots lanciers, and charged Ma-
jor Smithson in the lane, passing by us, and
put him to retreat ; but they were routed
immediately, and one of their commanders
was running away, and I being aware of
him, stepped into the lane, and dismounted
him, and clapped into the saddle, and our
horse came up in pursuit. My captain sees
118 MEMOIRS OF
me mounted, and orders me to ride up to
my colonel, that was deeply engaged both
in front and flank : And I did so, and there
was nothing but fire and smoke ; and I
met Major-General Lambert coming off on
foot, who had been with his brother Bright ;
and coming to him, I told him where his
danger lay, on his left wing chiefly. He
ordered me to fetch up the Lancashire re-
giment; and God brought me off, both
horse and myself. The bullets flew freely;
then was the heat of the battle that day. I
came down to the muir, where I met with
Major Jackson, that belonged to Ashton's
regiment, and about three hundred men
were come up ; and I ordered him to march,
but he said he would not, till his men were
come up. A serjeant, belonging to them,
asked me, where they should march? I
shewed him the party he was to fight ; and
he, like a true bred Englishman, marched,
and I caused the soldiers to follow him ;
which presently fell upon the enemy, and,
losing that wing, the whole army gave
CAPTAIN JOUX IIODGSOX. 119
ground, and fled. Such valiant acts were
done by contemptible instruments ! The
major had been called to a council of war,
but that he cried peccavi. The Lancashire
foot were as stout men as were in the world,
and as brave firemen. I have often told
them, they were as good fighters, and as
great plunderers, as ever went to a field.
This battle was about the 20th August
1648 *. It was to admiration to see what
a spirit of courage and resolution there was
amongst us, and how God hid from us the
fears and dangers we were exposed to;
what posture the enemy were in ; their
numbers (46,000 men, as reported) ; their
threatenings, what they would do ; how
they were accoutered, and encouraged
through the nation : They had cast lots for
the spoil of us. Colonel Bright's regiment,
Colonel Pride's, and Colonel Deane's, kept
* See Cromwell's account of the victory at Pres-
ton. — RusHvvoRTH, Vol. vii. p. 1237. He makes the
Scottish and royalist forces amount to 21^000 men^
his own to 8,600.
120 MEMOIRS OF
the field ; the Lancashire regiments, and
my Lord General Croni well's regiment of
foot, pursued towards Ribbald bridge, with
most of our horse, where the Scots had six
rcfriments of horse and foot, that had been
in no service, besides their great army, with
the waggons, near Waltonhall, drawn up in
readiness. There was a long dispute before
the bridge was gained ; and our horse and
foot having routed that party above Wal-
tonhall, they came to their main body;
and a matter of six or eight horsemen, com-
manded by Captain Pockley, kept a gap-
stead of their whole army ; while some of
our troopers lighted, and turned about Ha-
milton's waggons, and threw over that
wherein was all his plate, as they brought
it down the hill ; but the Scots, having no
mind to rescue it, suffered them to carry
the prize away in the face of their whole
army, though nothing to fright them but
a forlorn hope of horse. Such things did
God for a handful of men ! That night our
regiment was appointed quarters in Pres-
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 121
ton, and slept quietly. The next morning
Colonel Horney *, a valiant good man, in
pursuit of the Scots, was run through with
a lancier in Chorley, he wanting his arms ;
and these sad tidings coming to Preston,
trumpets sounded, and drums beat, and
most of the army marched with all speed,
save these that guarded the prisoners, and
some few that pursued Langdale north-
ward, who marched on to Wigan, where
the enemy was ; and our men had so close-
ly pursued them, that they had slain of
them all the way as we marched. To Wi-
gan we came ; and pitching upon a muir
towards morning, that good man, and va-
liant of a 3'oung man, Major Cholmley,
came to my Captain Spencer and me, want-
ing a refreshment, being ordered to march ;
and we got a pint of strong waters amongst
several of us, and parted; and the next
* This name is mis-spelled. Cromwell calls him,
" that worthy gentleman Colonel Thornhaugh, who,
pressing too boldly, was slain ; being run into the bo-
dy, thigh, and head, by the enemies lanciers."
122 BIEMOIRS OF
news we had in the morning of him, he was
slain in pursuing. A great loss we had of
such a youth, Avho was grown so expert,
valiant, and faithful. We pursued to Win-
wick, where we found the horse was fled to
Warrington bridge, and the foot drawn up
in a most advantageous place, and snaffled
our forlorn, and put them to retreat. So
we being drawn up, horse and foot, to give
them a charge, their horse appeared upon
the muir from Warrington bridge ; but their
foot threw down their arms, and run into
Winwick church, about four or five thou-
sand ; and there we set a guard about them.
The next day the country people brought
in prisoners by drifts, and seven regiments
of foot laid down their arms at Trodshame
bridge. Their horse fled to Uttoxeter,
Avhere Hamilton was taken, and all the
lave * of them ; and there was an end of
him, and his great army. We had pursuit
of these youths for twenty-four miles in
* Lave, for remainder; a Scottish phrase.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 123
computation. There were above ten thou-
sand prisoners taken, and of what were slain
none could give account, the battle was
of so long continuance, and such a running
light. Our foot pursued to Stopforth, and
then faced about for Yorkshire ; and after-
wards marched for Scotland, and quartered
at Duns, the 18th September 1648.
The Scots were struck in great fear at our
approach, and most of their men left us
their room ; but, after they had been away
for a while, and hearing of our civil deport-
ment, returned to their homes, and confess-
ed they never saw such a civil people in all
their days. We found the country very
poor, and very malignant. The general
cashiered Colonel Wren, and several of his
officers, in the head of our army, for plun-
dering; with their soldiers ^. It gave a s^reat
deal of encouragement to the honest part
of the army, to cashier such time-serving
* See Croinwell's proclamation on this subject.
RusHwoRTH, Vol. vii. p. 1274.
4
124.
MEMOIRS or
fellows. "VVe had Berwick delivered to us
by agrecinent with the Scots commission-
ers. Sir Lodowick Lesly marched out with
all the Scots, and it was agreed to join with
old General Lesley against the common
enemy. Monro *, we heard, was come in
to Lesle}^ The English were left to them-
selves in Berwick ; the best end of them
was to be prisoners. Duke Hamilton press-
ed every fourth man amongst them for that
expedition into England ; and they are now
raising new men for old Lesley. The gen-
try of the nation have such influence over
the commonalty, that they can lead them
what way they please. Sir Arthur M'Sel-
rige takes the command of Berwick ; and
several regiments are on our march so far
as Langtown, towards Carlisle : The Scots
* Monro had marched into England with a consi-
derable army to support Hamilton, but retired to Scot-
land on Cromwell's approach. In the mean time, the
kirk party had obtained the ascendance in the com-
mittee of estates. Monro was declared a public ene-
my, and Cromwell welcomed as the deliverer of the
church. — Laing's Ilistorj/, Vol. i, p. 367.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 125
commissioners go along with us. Before
we reached it, our forlorn of horse fell into
the enemy's quarters at Brampton, and took
their whole party of horse, many of them
drunk, in their (Quarters ; that was the last
skirmish we had with them. Carlisle was
delivered to our men, and Appleby castle,
some days before, to the Lancashire forces.
We marched back into Yorkshire.
York, 19th June 1650. The Parliament
had under consideration how to settle the
army for the north, now when the Scots had
agreed about their king*; or, however,
had agreed upon it, and had resolved Fair-
fax to be general, and Cromwell lieutenant-
general, but Fairfax deserted it -j-. It seems
* Charles IT.
-f- Hear Lord Fairfax's own rejisons for his conducl
on this occasion.
" All the power being got into the army, they cut
up the root of kingly government: After this were en-
gagements made to abolish that title. Then was war
declared against Scotland for assisting the king ; and
several leagues made with foreign princes, to confede-
rate with their new government, which was now a
Commonwealth, against the kingly power.
126 MEMOIRS OF
the great man * is sore startled at the Scots,
for taking off the heads of Montrose, Spots-
wood, and others ; and so they have sent new
messengers to him, to persuade him, that
the taking away of their Uves will be no
prejudice to him, but rather further their
proceedings in settling their kingdom.
^7th June 1650. We marched out of
York, with our regiment, northward ; the
train of artillery came in the night before,
the l6tli June, and near sixty carriages.
We came to Sunderland the 6tli July, and
W^earmouth; and there we quartered for
" All ibis I saw with grief and sorrow : And though
1 had as much the love of the army as ever, and was,
with great importunity, solicited by that remaining
Parliament, and soldiers, to continue my command;
and though 1 riiight, so long as I acted their designs,
have attained to what height of power, and other ad-
vantages, I pleased ; yet, by the mercies and good-
ness of God, I did, so long as I continued in the army,
oppose all those wa3's in their councils ; and, when I
could do no more, 1 then declined their actions :
Though 1 did not resign my commission, which I had
from the l\vrliament, till the remaining part of it took
it from me." Short Memorials, p. 127.
* The kino-.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 127
^1
some lime. The king was now come inlo
Scotland, and had been three days at Stir-
ling castle before any great notice was
taken of him. News sent out of Ireland
is, that Castlehaven hath recruited his army
to ten thousand, and intends to raise some
of the sieges that are laid by our forces.
lllh July. I quartered, Avith our com-
pany, at Sir William Fenwick's, four miles
beyond Morpeth. News came to us, that
Colonel Bright had deserted us at New-
castle, and thrown in his commission, upon
some little discontent, that the general
would not give him a fortnight's time to
settle his concernments at home *. At this
time, being the 17th July, we were w^ithin
eighteen miles of Berwick. We are the first
foot regiment, and the carriages are moving-
after us. The Scots are startled at our ap-
proach so near them. They promise great
things to the soldiers, that all shall be their
* General Lambert was appointed in his room; a
circumstance afterwards more particularly noticed.
128 MEMOIRS or
own when they come in England, lliej
give them six shillings a-piece to buy them
swords. They have prized all the com
and grass near the borders, and given the
people warning, upon our approach, to flee
away northward, and draw their goods with
them. They seem to be much startled at
our approach so near them, especially at
our taking divers of their ships. A great
victory was obtained in Ireland by our
party ; the bishop was routed, and all his
forces, who were known Iiish papists, whom
the Scots declare to be their friends *.
July the 22 d. We passed through Ber-
. * The author most probably alludes to the battle of
Skirfolas, fought on the 21st of June 16"50, between
the English^ under the command of Sir Charles Coote,
and the Irish, commanded by the popish Bishop of
Clogher, in which the latter were defeated with great
slaughter; the pursuit continuing thirty miles. The
Bishop himself, who had given his forces the name of
The co7]fident victorious Catholic army of the North, was
taken prisoner, and next day hanged. The author had
sufficient reason for calling them " known Irish pa-
pists," there not being a single protestant, or catholic,
of English extraction among them.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 129
wick ; and, marching over the bounds, came
to Mordington, where we encamped » The
general made a large discourse to the offi-
cers on the bounds, shewing he spoke as a
Christian and a soldier, and shewed ihe in-
conveniencies wg should meet with in the
nation as to the scarcity of provisions ; as
to the people, we should find the leading
part of them to be soldiers, and they were
very numerous, and, at present, may be una-
nimous ; and much to that purpose : And
charged the officers to double, nay treble
their diligence in that place, for be sure we
had work before us. Well, that night we
pitched at Mordington, about the house.
Our officers were looking out at a window,
hearing a great shout amongst the soldiers,
they spied a soldier with a Scots kirn * on
his head. Some of them had been purvey-
ing abroad, and had found a vessel jfilled
with Scots cream ; and, bringing the rever-
* Alias kurn; in the south of England pronounced
churn.
ISO MEMOIRS OF
sions to their tents, some got dishfuls, and
some liatfuls ; and the cream growing low
in the vessel, one would have a modest
drink, and heaving up the kirn, another
lifts it up, and the man was lost in it, and
all the cream trickles down his apparel,
and his head fast in the tub ; this was a
merriment to the officers, as Oliver loved
an innocent jest. The next morning a
trumpeter came from the Scots army, but
to little purpose. The beacons were all set
on fire that night ; the men fled, and drove
away their cattle *. The clergy, highly in-
* " In the maicb between Mordington and Copper-
smith (Cockburn's path), we saw not any Scotchman in
Eyton, and other places that we passed through; but
the streets were full of Scotch women, pitiful sorry
creatures, clothed in white flannel, in a very homely
manner. Very many of them much bemoaned their
husbands, who, they said, were enforced by the lairds
of the towns to gange to the muster. All the men in
this town (Dunbar), as in other places of this day's
march, were fled ; and not any to be seen above seven,
or under seventy years old, but only some few decre-
pid ones." Relation of the Fight at Leith, near Edin-
burgh, &c. published by authority; printed by Ed.
Griffin, 1650, 4to.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 131
censed against us, represent us to the peo-
ple as if we had been the monsters of the
world. Eight troopers were brought in by
our guards, and suffered to go home, upon
their promising to be peaceable.
About the 30th July we were marched
up to Musselburgh. Our regiment quar-
tered at the Stane-hill *, in a house by our-
selves. It was of advantage for a regiment
to draw up in, having w^alls and ditches
about it. We marched up to Edinburgh
on the Monday, and found the foot placed
in works betwixt Edinburgh and Leith,
their horse at a distance from them, part
drawn up on a high hill above them near
Edinburgh f. That night wc lay in the
* A bouse on the western side of the Esk, convert-
edj upon this occasion, into a garrison ; and which was
occasionally head-quarters, as several letters are dated
from thence.
f Lesley lay strongly posted betwixt Leith and
Edinburgh, with much ordnance in front of his line.
His left flank occupied the Cal ton-hill, and he had ad-
vanced posts upon the declivity of Arthur's seat and
Salisbury craigs, who lined the wall of the king's park.
These were driven back by Cromwell, who occupied
132 MEMOIRS OF
fields, near a little village, named, I think,
Lichnagarie (Lang-Nidderj), and had a
most tempestuous night ; the arms of the
soldiers were almost spoiled, and made at
present unserviceable. About eleven o'clock
we wanted our bread and cheese, and drew
off towards Musselburgh ; and the van of
pur army marching too fast, as if we had
been at a great distance from the enemy,
they took courage, and came swarming out
like bees, horse and foot ; fell upon our rear
of horse, where they were sore put to it,
near Lichnagarie (Lang-Niddery), cut and
hewed Major-General Lambert, took him
prisoner, and were carrying him away to-
wards Edinbiu'gh, but the valiant Lieute-
nant Emson, one of Hacker's officers, pur-
these heights; and, from the neighbourhood of Samt
Anthony's chapel, cannonaded Lesley's left wing, who
returned the fire from a place on the descent of the
Calton, called the Quarry-holes. A confusion has ari-
sen in this narrative, from some authors confusing
Saint Anthony with Saint Leonard, who gives name to
another part of these rocks, but to which Cromwell
could not possibly have advanced.
4
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 133
sued with five or six of our soldiers, and
hewed him out, and brought hiui to his
own foot regiment, where we procured him
a pacing horse*. Now in this time the
* This attack was inade by two bodies of Scottish
horse, the one from Leith on the right, the other from
the Canongate on the left. Captain Evanson, whd
received the charge of the last body, was routed, as
was Cromwell's own regiment, which supported him;
and they were only extricated by the gallantry of Lam-
bert. Meanwhile, Colonel Hacker was enoaijfed with
those who had advanced from Leith, whom he repulsed
with loss. " The Scotch King being on the Castle-hill
to see his men, which he called his green-homes, beaten
on both sides to Leith and Edinburgh to some pur-
pose." — Relation of the Fight, Sfc. Cromwell writes the
following account of this skirmish to the Lord Presi-
dent of the Council of State : " The enemy, when we
drew off, fell upon our rear, and put them into some
little disorder ; but our bodies of horse being in sorAe
readiness, came to a grable with them, where, indeed,
there was a gallant and hot dispute. The Major-Gene-
ral, and Colonel Whalley, being in the rear, and the
enemy drawing out great bodies to second their first
affront, our men charged them up to the very trenches,i
and beat them in. The Major-General his horse was
shot in the neck and head, himself run through the
arm with a lance, and run into another place of the
body, was taken prisoner by the enemy, but rescued
134 MEMOIRS OF
Scots were all skulked into their dens, and
we marched, with empty stomachs, peace-
ably to our quarters about Musselburgh.
Pride's reejiment of foot, beino; on the rear-
guard, behaved themselves daringly that
day, and some others of horse ; but our de-
liverances were such at all times as was to
admiration. Worthy Lambert got two
wounds ; one with a lance into the thigh,
the other into the arm with a tuck. Tlie
next morning we had an alarm before day,
at Steane-hiir^, by Lilbume's horse: One
immediately by Lieutenant Emson of my regiment."
True Ttelation of the proceedings of the English Army in
Scotland, from 1^(1 July to 1st August ; Extracted from
Letters sent from the Army, and read in Parliament. Pub-
lished by order of Parliament.
* This night-attack was made by a body of cavalry,
commanded by Major-Generals Montgomery and Stra-
chan. Their guides were a gentleman named Hamil-
ton, proprietor of Stoneyhill, and his servant, who were
both killed. When the English patrole of cavalry took
the alarm and mounted, two Englishmen came for-
wards and cried, it was a false alarm, which gave the
Scottish cavalry time to gallop in amongst them, and
do some execution. Fleetwood's horse were entirely
routed ; and the army was preserved by the vigilance
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 135
Captain Watkinson, that commanded the
guard, a person of great worth for conduct
and valour, gave the foot the alarm, and
we were all roused up, having little to do
but to shake ourselves; and being drawn
forth, and day approaching, the enemy falls
pell-mell upon our horse guard ; but the
foot lying so near, baffled them. There
Avere 1500 horse, that were resolved to sa-
crifice us that morning ; being headed by
Strachan, Lockhart, Kerr, and a company
of remonstrators ; and, before we left them,
they were sadly mangled. At their first at-
tempt they drew up upon a conney warren
hill; and. being in view, and in the reach of
and activity of Briglit's (now Lambert's) regiment of
infantry, in which our author was a captain. The as-
sailants amounted to about 800 picked men, well arm-
ed with cuirasses, lances, and pistols. They were call-
ed, the Kirk regiment of horse, but, in the eyes of their
opponents, they ill deserved that venerable name; one
man, when wounded mortally, exclaiming, " Damn me,
I'll go to my king ;" from which, and other circumstances,
they were supposed to have in their ranks some repro-
bate cavaliers.
13(i MEMOIRS OF
our great guns, they were let fly amongst
them, and did such execution as they came
down upon the foot, within pistol-shot of
our works; and there they fell out of the
frying-pan into the fire"*'. God appeared
wonderfully for us that morning, in deliver-
ing us, and in destroying our enemies -f-.
There were about forty of them killed about
us, it was judged a hundred in all; and
about two hundred taken prisoners, with
their horses : We had eighteen or twenty
wounded. The next day our general sent
a trumpet to Edinburgh, with four or five
waggons laden with dead men, to convince
the Scots how they had beaten us, as they
* " The enemy being routed, and coming by Colo-
nel Blight's (our author's) regiment of foot, had so
great a volley from them, that many fell from their
horses, one corporal's leg taken oflp, and three horses
killed, with one of the great guns of that regiment."
Letters, 8^c. as above.
•f- Cromwell was of the same mind. " Indeed this
is a sweet beginning of your business, or rather of the
Lord's, and I trust this Avork, which Is the Lord's,^
will prosper in the hands of his servants." Letter to
the Fresident, ut supra.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 13?
had reported ; at which the spectators cried,
out! out*!
About the 6th of August we retreated to
Dunbar, for want of provisions; the ships
not being come up with recruits and provi-
sions, that were hourly expected ^ : And I
heard, that my wife was brought to bed of
a son and daughter, which were my son
Timothy, and Sarah that died. At this
time we were brought under great distress
for want of provisions ; and had much what
lost the discipline of the army. It was sad
to see the devastation that was made ; and
the ffreat reason was the timorousness of
the Scots, who had plundered their own
houses, and had hid their stuff in private
* " To refute the imputations of cruelty thrown upon
him by the Scots, Cromwell sent back the principal
prisoners in his own coach, and the wounded in wag-
gons." Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 452.
'\- The stormy season prevented the vessels, with
tents and provisions from London, to come farther up
the firth of Forth than Dunbar. The Kirk proclaimed
a thanksgiving on the retreat of the English, which
was dashed by their immediate return.
138 MEMOIRS or
places ; where the Scots informed them, or
they, by their own covetous appetites, found
them out. At this time the Scots came
skulking to their houses ; and the general
having a special regard to them to protect
them, encouraged many, and constrained
them to be quiet, and to follow their call-
ings.
The next march we had was to Pentland
hills *, south of Edinburgh ; and there we
pitched our tents on a piece of ground
pretty secure. We lying so near them, and
hindering their provisions and recruits for
coming to them, their whole army lifted
* On this occasion Cromwell endeavoured to force
the wary Lesley to battle^ by throwing himself betwixt
Edinburgh and Stirling, so as to cut off the supplies
whicii the Scottish army drew from the west. But the
veteran contented himself with facing the English ar-
my, and covering Edinburgh, sensible that distress
would force them to regain Musselburgh before he
could feel any want of provisions. He therefore occu-
pied the fields adjacent to Kirkliston and Gogar, ha-
ving small garrisons in Collinton, Redhall, Dalhousie,
Craigmillar, and other favourable strengths. The two
iirst were taken by Cromwell.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 139
and drew to Gawger field, and \vc march-
ed to meet them, where both armies were
drawn up. Our army had our regiment of
foot commanded by Lambert, who was
our colonel ; the soldiers chose him unani-
mously when we had lost our old one. (Co-
lonel Bright.) Not to omit one thing, when
we were about Alnwick, several colonels
came into the head of the regiment, and
told the soldiers, the general was much trou-
bled such a reo'iment should want a colo-
nel ; who would they have ? The soldiers
told them they had a good colonel, but he
had left them, and they knew not whom
they might have. The colonels asked, if
they would have Colonel Monk ? " Colo-
nel Monk!" said some of them, " what ! to
betray us? We took him, not long since,
at Namptwick, prisoner: we'll have none
of him." The next day the colonels came
again, and propounded the case afresh ;
and asked, if they would have Major- Ge-
neral Lambert to be their colonel.^ At
which they all threw up their hats, and
140 MEMOIRS OF
shouted, a Lambert! a Lambert^! Now
this regiment, with his regiment of horse,
was drawn up on the left wing of our army,
and Sir David Lesley did over-wing us, and
both the armies were entirely drawn up,
ready for battle ; but there proved to be a
bog betwixt us, on our left wing, that we
could not engage them. Betwixt the ar-
mies were some sheep-folds, made up of
sod walls ; and the Scots draw into them a
party of foot, to hinder our men from view-
ing their arm}^ and they begun to fire up-
on some of ours, that were pickeering be-
twixt the armies ; and Oliver calls for a
couple of guns, and batters their shelter
about their ears, that much they had to do
to get oiF their quick and dead ; at which
our army set up an English shout, and be-
* " Colonel Bright's regiment being drawn up, Ma-
jor-General Lambert, appointed colonel thereof, co-
ming to the heaS of the regiment, was received with
jjreat acclamations." Relation of the Fight at Leith^
Colonel Bright had resigned his command upon dis=^
gust, as our author has already noticed.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 141
gun to play with our great guns upon their
army, from the right to the left wing, and
did great execution ; and they let fly at us,
but God covered our heads *. There was
but one shot flew amongst our pikes all the
day, and killed two men, and struck down
three ; but all that were aimed at us flew
over, or short -j-. We drew back at night, to
* Not so completely, however, but that they had
some loss. The water of Leith parted the armies. "The
word given out was. Rise Lorj) ; the body of foot ad-
vancing within less than twice musket-shot, and then
was discovered such a bog on both our wings of horse,
that it was impossible to pass over. Thus, by this very
unexpected hand of Providence, were we prevented,
and only had liberty to play with our cannon that eve-
ning, and part of the next morning, which did good
execution, as we believe, upon them. We had very
strange and remarkable deliverances from theirs,
though they played very hard upon us, and that with
much art; but the Lord suffered them not to do us
much hurt, we had not slain and wounded above five-
and-twenty men." True Relation, 6ic.
f A letter in the " True Relation" mentions several
strange shots. " One was at Major Hobson's troops,
which was drawn close together to prayer; and just as
the amen was said, there came in a great shot among
them, and touched neither horse nor man."
142 MEMOIRS or
see if they would advance ; but having no
2:reat stomachs, wc drew back to Pcntland
liills, and they to Edinburgh and Leith.
The next day, we drew back towards INIus-
selburgh *, and they marched very briskly
after us; and our general observing their mo-
lion, as though they designed to flank us on
the right wing, (they were to march down
by a mountain end in view of us, and in
reach of our guns,) he caused two to play
upon them in their march. Their van be-
ing passed, the rest must follow ; and in-
deed they were sore baffled with our shot,
they had such fair play at them. That
night we marched to Musselburgh, where
we shipped near five hundred sick men for
* Crorawellj while abandoning bis camp at Pent-
land hills, was in some danger of losing his post of
INIusselburgh, and others to the eastward, which were
threatened by Lesley advancing from Edinburgh and
Leith, and occupying tbe eastern des^cent of Artbur's
Seat. Here the cannonade, mentioned by our author,
took place ; but the Scottish general still declining an
engagement, dre^v off betwixt Craigmillar and Artbur's
Seat.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 143
Berwick. Our army grew w^eaker every
day than another ; and as we were draw-
ing homeward towards Haddington, the
Scot came up close to us ; and it was a
misty evening. Colonel Charles Fairfax's
regiment of foot, and a regiment of horse,
being drawn to the guard on the outside of
the town, in the place the enemy was de-
signed to enter, our men being in readiness,
beat them back, and the Highlanders threw
down their arms, and run for it. The next
morning was the Sabbath, and our officers
yvere consulting on which side of the town
to fight them ; and drawing several regi-
ments on the west side of the town, we were
presently ordered to retreat, and to leave
the town of Haddino;ton betwixt us. We
staid untir about ten o'clock, had been at
prayer in several regiments, sent away our
waggons and carriages towards Dunbar,
and not long afterwards marched, a poor,
shattered, hungry, discouraged army ; and
the Scots pursued very close, that our rear-
guard had much ado to secure our poor
144 MEMOIRS OF
weak foot, that was not able to march up.
We drew near Dunbar towards night, and
the Scot ready to fall upon our rear : Two
guns played upon them, and so they drew
off, and left us that night, having got us in-
to a pound as they reckoned. The next
morning was A^ery tempestuous, and they
had blocked up our way for England. A
great clough was betwixt the armies, and it
could be no less than a mile of ground be-
twixt their right wing, near Roxburgh house,
and their left wing ; they had a great moun-
tain behind them, which was prejudicial,
as God ordered it. Our poor army drew
up about swamps and bogs, not far from
Dunbar, and could not pitch a tent all that
day. x\bout nine o'clock at night we had
a council of war called ; and, debating the
case what to do, many of the colonels were
for shipping the foot, and the horse to force
their passage ; but honest Lambert was
against them in all that matter, he bqing
active the day before in observing the dis-
advantage the Scots might meet with in the
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 145
posture they were drawn up in, and gave us
reasons, and great encouragements to fight;
first, we had great experience of the goodness
of God to us, while we kept close together ;
and if we parted we lost all : Secondly,
there was no time to ship the foot, for the
day would be upon us, and we should lose
all our carriages : Thirdly, we had great ad-
vantage of them in their drawing vip ; if we
beat their right wing, we hazarded their
whole army, for they would be all in confu-
sion, in regard they had not great ground
to traverse their regiments betwixt the
mountain and the clough : Fourthly, they
had left intervals in their bodies, upon the
brink of the hill, that our horse might
march a troop at once, and so the foot ;
and the enemy could not wheel about, nor
oppose them, but must put themselves into
disorder : Lastly, our guns might have fair
play at their left wing, wdiile we were fight-
ing their right. These, with other reasons,
altered the council ; and one steps up, and
desires that Colonel Lambert might have
146 MEMOIRS 1
the conduct of the army that morning,
which was granted by the General freely.
Towards morning we were ordered to march
down to Roxburgh house, all the whole ar-
my, neither regarding tents nor baggage;
and as our regiment was marching in the
head of the horse, a cornet was at prayer
in the night, and I appointed one of my
officers to take my place. I rid to hear
him, and he was exceedingly carried on in
the duty. I met with so much*of God in
it, as I was satisfied deliverance was at
hand : And coming to my command, did
encourage the poor weak soldiers, which
did much affect them, which when it came
to it, indeed, a little one was as David, and
the house of David as the angel of the
Lord *. The day broke, and we in disor-
der, and the Major-General a wanting, be-
ing ordering the guns : The General was
impatient ; the Scots a-preparing to make
the attempt upon us, sounding a trumpet,
* Zechariah^ chap. xii. v. 8.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 14?
but soon desisted. At last the Major-Gene-
ral came, and ordered Packer, major to the
General's regiment, Gough's, and our two
foot regiments, to march about Roxburgh
house, towards the sea, and so to fall upon
the enemy's flank, which was done with a
great deal of resolution ; and one of the
Scots brigades of foot would not yield,
though at push of pike and butt end of the
musket, until a troop of our horse charged
from one end to another of them, and so
left them at the mercy of the foot. The
General himself comes in the rear of our
regiment, and commands to incline to the
left ; that was, to take more ground, to be
clear of all bodies : And we did so, and
horse and foot were engaged all over the
field ; and the Scots all in confusion : And,
the sun appearing upon the sea, I heard
Nol say, " Now let God arise, and his ene-
mies shall be scattered * ;" and he, follow-
* Psulm Ixviii. v. 1.
The Scots, however, thought that they themselves
had got God on their side j as the ministers, by order-
148 MEMOIllS OF
ing us as we slowly marched, 1 heard him
sqjr, " I profess ihey run !" and then was
the Scots army all in disorder and running,
both right wing, and left, and main battle.
They had routed one another, after we had
done their work on their right wing ; and
we, coming up to the top of the hill with
the straggling parties, that had been en-
gaged, kept them from bodying; and so the
foot threw down their arms, and fled to-
wards Dunbar, our pin-fold, and there they
were surrounded and taken. The horse
fled what way they could get, ours pursued
towards Haddington ; and the General
made a halt, and sung the hundred and se-
venteenth psalm ; and by that time they had
ing the king to leave the camp, and purging it of all
malignants, who were their best soldiers, compelled
Lesley, against his mind, to descend the heights of
Lammermuir, an impregnable situation, crying out,
like the army of Jerub-baal, (Judges, chap. vii. v. 20.)
" The sword of the Lord and of Gideon !" when Crom-
well, not less a fanatic, discerned through his glass an
extraordinary movement in the Scottish camp : " They
are coming down," he exclaimed, '' the Lord hath de-
livered them into our hands."
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 149
done, their party was increased, and advan-
cing ; the Scots ran, ajnd were no more
heard of that fight. The commander of our
army was busy in securing prisoners, and
the whole bag and baggage ; and, after-
wards, we returned to bless God in our
tents, like Issachar*, for the great salva-
tion afforded to us that day.
The next march was for the city of Edin-
burgh, and there we besieged the strong
castle; undermined it immediately; drew
up guns against it; and after some few fire
balls were thrown in, they were discouraged,
and yielded upon terms. We had consi-
derable markets kept in a little time, and
provisions brought in plentifully. Our
horse, lying in the west for fresh quarters,
had sore tugging with the Remonstrators, a
party that could not agree with the rest;
and after some fights between Major-Gene-
ral Lambert and them, the leaders came in-
* DeuleronomV;, chap, xxxiii. v. 18.
150 MEMOIRS OF
to US, and desired protection, and proved
very faithful.
That winter being got over, and the next
summer almost worn out, we marched, to
and again, to Glasgow; but no fighting,
excepting one small bout at TorAvood : A
great army they had got together, and the
king crowned, and amongst them ; we drew
up our army by water side, and their whole
army lay at a distance on the other side.
We had spies sent out amongst them into
Langdale's party, pretending to run away
from us, and they were coming in conti-
nually with intelligence ; but quartering so
near them that -night, in the morning they
fired two drakes into the midst of our camp,
and startled many, but killed few. We
drew all out immediately, and left the tents
standing ; towards noon plucked up all,
and prepared for a march to our bread and
cheese. They were preparing as they would
have followed us. Old Nol was angry they
had been so rough with our tents ; and in
the morning he appointed two of our field-
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 151
pieces to be left with the guns, at a dis-
tance, in the rear of our army; and the
enemy, not aware of them, had drawn a
company together, where they iiad a great
consultation, and had resolved to have
fought us that day ; but our guns letting
fly amongst them, spoiled their resolution,
and so we drew off without any more ado.
Presently we divided the army ; Lambert
was boated over the water towards the
Queensferry, with horse and foot, and the
General facing them while he was got over ;
and, retreating from Torwood, we saw them
with our prospective glasses that bodies fled
westward, so that we cbucludt^d we had
beaten them ; which proved accordingly.
They had sent out a party of their best
horse and foot from Stirling, and were beat-
en with our men, with some tugging, to
dirt. We hasted to get over the whole ar-
my into Fife, and took Bruntisland ; march-
ed to St Johnston*, where two troopers
* Perth.
152 MEMOIRS OV
^vcl'c hanged, in llio view of our army, for
plundcMing. St Johnston was delivered on
treaty ; and the king's army marched from
Stirhno; to En inland. Lambert was sent
away with a great party of horse, to attend
their motion ; and Monk left behind in
Scotland. The General marched, with our
waggons, in all haste for England. Lam-
bert was got before the Scots at Warring-
ton, and had a skirmish there with them.
Colonel Lilburne was left in Lancashire, to
observe the Earl of Derby's motion, and to
hinder him from raising forces; and it
seems they jay near together about Preston :
and we, bavins; marched as far as Ruther-
ford Abbey in Nottinghamshire, Lilburne
writes to the General for a foot regiment,
as he was not able to meet liini on the field.
The next morning he ordered his own regi-
ment to prepare for a march for Lanca-
shire. It was newly raised. They came to us
after Dunbar fight ; and I had a company
given me in it. The soldiers had an incli-
nation to march, being many of them Lan-
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 153
casbire men. We had one troop of horse
with us ; marched at a great rate until we
came at Manchester, and coming thither
there was some appearance of danger, and
so we pitched in the fiekl a night or two,
until Lilburne sent orders to march up to-
wards Wigan, and be very careful, for he
feared the earl would fall upon us, and take
us unawares. We set out scouts before us,
and they brought in two prisoners that in-
formed our officers, that the earl and his
party were totally routed near Wigan. We
doubled our diligence in our march ; and
by that time we came to Wigan, had taken
many prisoners running away. Two offi-
cers were sent to the General, that came to
him before Worcester fight with tidings,
which proved very seasonable and accepta-
ble. The General sent orders to Lilburne
to march most of his horse to Bewdly ^
bridge, and to leave two troops with the
foot to conduct them southward. He be-
ing a person that never used to give day
in any expedition, he prepares to make an
154 MEMOIRS OF
attempt upon them at Worcester, and af-
ter sore service on both sides, the water
puts them to a total rout, after a sore fight
as related. A great part of the Scots horse
flies homeward ; and as we were marching
one morning upon the downs from Whit-
church in Staffordshire, a countryman
comes riding in haste, and informs us of a
great party of horse that was coming on,
and if we made haste, we might take a
bridge before them, and hinder a pass, and
secure ourselves ; and the foot being so zea-
lous, would compare with the horse, took
the pass, and prevented the Scot. The Scots
seeing themselves stopt, marched another
road towards Nantwich, which was about
half a mile off us, and we had a party of
horse and foot drawn out to interrupt them;
and our soldiers had pleasant work with
them while they marched by. They were,
by computation, about five or six hundred
men, and our musketeers would have gone
into the lane, and taken by the bridle the
best-like person they saw, and brought him
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 155
out, without a stroke ; so low was the Scot
brought. But the most remarkable thino-
was, one Oliver Edge, one of our captains,
had a mind to see what became of the for-
lorn, hearing such a great firing ; and view-
ing them very busy, he spies a party of
horse behind him in the fields, and, having
no order to be there, he retreats towards
the regiment ; but they called upon him,
and asked if he was an officer ; and draw-
ing towards them, about eighteen or twen-
ty horsemen lighted, and told him they
would surrender themselves prisoners; there
was the Earl of Derby, the Earl of Lauder-
dale, Sinclair, and a fourth : These became
prisoners to one single captain ; but the
soldiers fell in with him immediately.
This victory being over, we were to
march back into Lancashire, to take the
isle of Man, under the conduct of Colonel
Duckenfield. Horse and foot were drawn
into Wiral, to wait for shipping and a fair
wind. At last it came, and we were tran-
sported to the isle ; forced our entrance, af-
156 MEMOIRS OF
ter storms at sea ; and had two castles de-
livered upon terms, viz. Peel and Rushin.
In a short time afterwards we were order-
ed for London ; but no respite to refresh
ourselves, but when one woe was past, ano-
ther was a-coming. But, to enlarge this
account, we had tidings out of Scotland,
the 10th August 1651, which our army had
given them : They had taken Dundee by
storm; old Leven, Lord Ogilvie, Lord
Crawford, Lindsey, with others, were taken
prisoners, who had a design to raise the
siege at Dundee ; but Colonel Alured was
sent forth with his regiment of horse, and
two troops of dragoons, and fell upon them,
and routed them, and took, besides the no-
blemen, three hundred gentlemen, with
many of their ministers.
After several years lying at London, we
had great encounters with the Dutch by
sea, and beat them in three great sea fights :
And these things being over, and the Pro-
tector being settled in the government he
had taken upon him, I grew weary of my
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 15?
employment, having a desire lo leave the
army, and to sit down with my dear wife
and children ; and I used means to some
of our grandees, but it seems they had no
mind to part with me, but disposed of me
into Major-General Lambert's regiment of
horse, to be lieutenant lo Captain Pock-
ley ; where they thought I might have
much more liberty with my family, in re-
gard the regiment was to quarter much in
Yorkshire. We continued so until the Pro-
tector died : And the Major-General ha-
ving his commission taken from him before,
was called in again by the army. Richard
laid aside, the old Parliament was brought
in : Sir George Booth rises in Cheshire,
and declares for the king. Lambert is sent
down to attend his motion ; meets with
him about Northwick ; lights him ; and
quickly routs him and his whole party. It
should seem, that Monk was expected to
his assistance. In the new model that was
made in the army, I was ordered into Co-
lonel Saunders's regiment in Scotland, un-
158 MEMOIRS OF
der Monk ; and having leave for a month's
time, to prepare myself for a march. In
the interim I was sent for with all speed,
by a special messenger, to repair to my
command, and to bring with me fourteen
or sixteen old soldiers, well mounted ;
which I had raised in a short time : And
passing northward to Eerryhill, I quarter-
ed my party there, and repaired to the Ma-
jor-General Lambert, who was got thither
before me with a strong army of horse and
foot, which was designed to fight Monk,
who was then marched into Northumber-
land with his army ; and staying some da^^s
at Newcastle with the officers, Lambert
would have had me to have marched to
Monk, and would have persuaded me, that
if I staid not with him (Lambert), he (Monk)
would give me my arrears which were then
due to me (L. 208) and I might return
again ; but I told him, I should lie open
to many temptations, and if there should
be a breach between them, I had no heart
to fight against him, though I had a com-
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 159
mission under Monk. So he left me to my
liberty, and desired I would go into the
country, to see if, with Captain Coats, we
could get him any money ; and not many
days after he left Newcastle, and his par-
ty scattered without strokes ; and Monk,
with his party, marched on to London. It
should seem, the Parliament sends down
two of their members, Robinson and Scott,
to treat, to order these armies to march
each to their old quarters, Monk into Scot-
land, and Lambert southward ; which he
did accordingly, so far as Rippon; and
Monk pursuing so closely, and Fairfax,
with others of the army that was revolted,
as part of Lilburne's regiment got into a
body at Piers bridge ; and so Lambert and
his party was mouldered awj^y, and I lost
that L. 208 at that turn, besides the great
charge I was at in raising and maintaining
that party of horse, while under my com-
mand ; but the main sum was due to me
in Lambert's horse regiment, as I was lieu-
tenant to Pockley, and in Fauconberg's re-
160 MEMOIRS OF
gimcnt, who was our colonel. I was dis-
posed on out of that regiment to Colonel
Saunders's regiment of horse, then under
Monk in Scotland, to be lieutenant to Cap-
tain Coulson, and had a commission from
the Speaker in the House, the 3d August
1659.
Memorandu?n. I had pay, due in Lam-
bert's regiment, after the 3d day of January
muster, for every twenty-eight days L. 20 :
6s. a-month, viz. January the last, L. 20 : 6,s. ;
February the last, L. 20 : 6s. ; March the
28th, L. 20 : 6s. ; April the 25th, L. 20 : 6s. ;
May the 23d, L. 20:6s.; June the 20th,
L. 20 : 6s. ; July the 18th, L 20 : 6s. ; Ju-
ly the last, L. 10 : 3s. ; so that the whole
amounts to L. 152 : 5s. This money was
due for myself and two servants.
Memorandum. I lent Henry Foxcroft of
Batley L. 40, upon his security, and his son
John Foxcroft's debenture ; and have lost
that wholly : It was not satisfied by the
State.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. l6l
I lost all my pay in Coulson's troop in
Saunders's regiment, and the charge 1 was
at in raising eleven troopers, furnishing
them with money and necessaries for their
march *.
I want L. 40 from my brother Stancliffe,
part of my w ife s portion, promised by her
father, which I was not urgent with him
for, in regard of his burden ; yet it is a debt
due to me or mine, with consideration, since
1646.
Memorandum. I received at Newcastle,
the 10th December, 1659, Scotch arrears
for my service in Coulson's troop, from the
hands of William Walker, the sum of
L. 24 : 12s., being L. 1 : 6s. more than my
due for myself and two servants. I had
four months more due to me, allowed up-
on the muster-roll, which comes to four-
score pounds and twenty-four shillings.
Memorandum. In 1655, in the time of
* This paragraph is crossed through ; and see the
next but one.
162 MEMOIRS OF
the Protector's government, there was one
Mr Tombes, whom Sh* Paul Pinder made
one of his executors ; and coming to enjoy
his estate, he lived so riotously, that he
grew melancholy, and hanged himself. The
kindred made their application to the Pro-
tector, that some persons might be employ-
ed to look after the concern, that the estate
might not be embezzled. Three com-
missioners were appointed, viz. Worsley,
Hodgson *, and Dendie ; and I was em-
ployed in the city, and elsewhere, to en-
quire, and make search ; and finding by
one good fellow at Clerkenwell, that he
had conveyed away a bag and a vase fill-
ed with jewels, and lighting of them there,
they were delivered to me, sealed with
Tombes' seal ; and William Tombes, coach-
maker in London, Gabriel Hodgkins, Ri-
chard Tombes, Robert Britain, and the sol-
diers, went along with me to St James's,
* The author. He repeats the story in another
place.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. l63
and saw me deliver them, scaled up, to
Lieutenant Colonel Worsley, with my own
hand ; and I never had more to do with
them. When the king was come in,
Samuel Tooley, Elizabeth his wife, and
Mary Sanburne, pretending to be executors
to Tombes *, serve a writ upon me, and
declare upon an action of trover and con-
version for L. 4,000. And we had a trial
in Guild-Hail ; and I cleared myself by
my warrant, and their own witnesses, that
what I received was sealed up when I re-
ceived them, valued to L. 500, and that I
delivered them, so sealed, to Lieutenant
Colonel Worsley, before their witnesses,
and had never more to do Avith them ; and
when the Lord Chief- Justice Foster un-
derstood the whole matter, he ordered to
withdraw the jury; and I paid half of the
court charges. They bring me on the next
* He means good-fellow as it stands in the repeti-
tion, Tombes was a felo de se, and had no executor.
Oliver seems to have taken especial care, that the es-
tate might not be embezzled.
164 MEMOIRS Of
term for a new trial, and I had three law-
yers, Sir John Hawley, Sir Thomas Strin-
ger, and another ; and, in the conclusion,
the jury quit me, and I did not enter the
judgment because the times were trouble-
some ; but those two trials cost me about
L. 6"0, and that was all the recompense I
got ever since. These particulars are in-
serted more at large in a written paper
pocket-book -j-.
#
*
*
#
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
#
#
*
#
#
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#
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«
*
#
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•f Here follow a memorandum about the disposal of
the author's farm at Thorlbie, '' being in great distress
for money :" " An account of what trees were in the
ground, boards, and other goods in the house, l9th
April 1649;" and an account of debts owing by him,
the 3d September, 1683, with a memorandum respect-
ing his joint purchase, in l652, of the rents of Pendle-
forest.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. l65
AN
ACCOUNT
OF
The Troubles that bejel me, after the month
of October I66O, about my Imprisonments *.
It was after the King's return to London,
one night a parcel of armed men besets
* The officers of the army, which had so long con-
stituted the virtual government of England, were natu-
rally objects of suspicion to the restored monarch. Nor
did the habits of these military saints incline them to
forget their late domination, and to sit down peaceably
under the sway of a king, and the pastoral care of a
prelacy. Hence they were subjected to various re-
straints : And as, on the one hand, they ficquently en-
gaged in plots for the restoration of the Common-
wealth ; so, on the other, the magistrates, many of
them smarting under late sufferings in the cause of
royalty, often took but slight occasion to retaliate, on
this obnoxious class of men, the severities they had
themselves experienced.
166 MEMOIRS or
my house nt Coallcy-ball, near Halifax,
and, in an unseasonable hour in the night,
demands entrance ; and my servants with-
in havino; some discourse with them on the
outside, they gave threatening language,
put their pistols in at the windows ; and
my wife being with child, and for fear of
frightening the rest, I ordered the doors to
be opened, and they came in, Joseph Lys-
ter, Sir John Armitage's clerk, who had a
w^arrant to apprehend me for treason, and
Lawrence Johnston, and several others.
After they had presented a pistol to my
breast, (that Johnston did) I advised them
to civil deportment, seeing I had let them
in in the night ; and so they shewed me
their authority to apprehend me : And it
was under the hands and seals of Sir John
Kaye, and Sir John Armitage, knight and
baronet, lieutenants, "To apprehend the
person of John Hodgson of Coalley-hall,
and carry him to York castle a prisoner,
to be continued there until he be deliver-
ed by due course of law, for speaking trea-
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. iGj
sonable words against the king.*' They
took me out of my house that night, and
carried me to Bradford, and the next day
to the jail, and never had me before any
magistrate. Afterwards I had two friends,
that did proffer security for my appearance
at the assizes, and suitable deportment in
the interim, but it would not be accepted.
When the assizes came, one Daniel Lyster,
brother to Joseph, was my prosecutor, a
person that I once bound to his good be-
haviour, upon an information of the con-
stable of Manningham, that this Lyster
was too familiar with another man's wife,
an ale-house keeper in the town, and that
he spent much of his time in dishonest ale-
houses, and lewd company, Sec. ; and after
the king was come in, he meets me, and
demands the names of those that informed
against him, and a copy of it; and I told
him, that the business was over, and that it
was not seasonable to rip into old troubles :
With that he threatened me, and said, he
would have them; " The sun," said he/
168 MEMOIRS OF
" now shines on our side of the hedge f
and so I bid him take his course. Now
his information against me was, that I
should say, " There is a crown provided,
but the king will never wear it ;" and this
was put in the indictment before the grand
jury, that " I had never been a turn-coat;
I never took the oath of allegiance, nor ne-
ver w^ould do ;" and these poor things were
forged against me ; only that I had never
been a turn-coat, I justified it before the
judge and jury. When the matter was
heard against me, I had one Jeremiah
Brookesbank, a neighbour, that did swear
that he was in company with Lyster, and
heard him say, that if ever the times changed,
he would sit on Hodgson's skirts ; and Lys-
ter had over-run the court, or else had been
bound to his good behaviour. Joseph
Lyster swore to the second indictment, that
he heard Lawrence Johnston say, that he
heard me say, that I had never been no
turn-coat, &c. These were like Simon and
Levi, brethren in iniquity. The jury found
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. l69
both the indictments not guilty; and the
foreman, one Micklelliwaite, told the judge
openly in the court, that if such informers
and persons were suffered to go on, there
•would be no living for honest men. The
judge asked me, why I did not take the
oath of allegiance ? I told him, I thought
it unseasonable to tender it me, until the
king had declared w^hat government he
would maintain. But Sir Thomas Gower,
and Justice Fairfax, were sent to tender
the oath ; and, after much dispute, I took
it, and had a certificate. Now this proved
very chargeable to me : I was above five
months in prison ; the clerk to the assizes'
fees, and the lawyers, cost me above thirty
pounds ; besides my sufferings at home in
the want of my employment f*.
***** * *
*******
*******
f The grievous expence of a victory at Jaw, it would
seem, led our author to repeat here the history of his
two trials respecting Tombes and his property.
170 MEMOIRS OF
About the middle of July I66I, I was
at Adderton * fair, having some goods to
sell; and when I had taken money for
them, I was going to my host-house for my
horse, and it being at the Lord Brookes -f-,
Mr Peebles, an attorney, or otherways
quarter-master to Sir John Armitage, with
Abraham Mitchell of Halifax, John Han-
son, and many others of the said troop, did
* Or Advvalton, about ten miles from Halifax; the
author writes it, Atlierton.
•f That is, at the sign of that nobleman's head.
Lord Brooke was one of the Parliament generals.
He had taken possession of Litchfield ; and was view-
ing, from a window, Saint Chad's cathedral, in which
a party of the royalists had fortified themselves. He
was cased in complete armour, but was shot through
the eye by a random ball. His Lordship was a zea-
lous puritan ; and had formerly said, that he hoped to
see with" his eyes tlie ruin of all the cathedrals of
England. It was a superstitious remark of the royal-
ists, that he was killed on Saint Chad's day by a shot
from Saint Chad's cathedral, which pierced the very
eye by which he hoped to see the ruin of all cathe-
drals, (Dugdale, p. 118. Clarendon, 8cc. Hume) The
fanatic party, of course, would naturally consider him
as a saint and martyr ; and hence, no doubt, came his
head to be hung up for a sign.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 171
draw up themselves in the court, and Pee-
bles followed me into the stable, and vio-
lently took me by the shoulder, gave me
many shoves and pushes, and told me I
was his prisoner, called me rebel and trai-
tor, and used many speeches to provoke
me, that he, and Abraham Mitchell, and
the rest, being at the least a dozen horse-
men, mounted at the door, might take oc-
casion against me. I told him, with Mit-
chell, that if I was their prisoner, let them
shew me their authority by which they ap-
prehended me : With that Peebles laid his
hand upon his sword, and told me, that was
his authority, and demeaned himself after
such a manner, that I expected when he
and Abraham Mitchell would have drawn
upon me ; and then I slipped into the house,
having a great charge of money upon me,
and they followed me into a room, where
the landlady sat down betwixt me and
danger at the table-end, and kept Peebles
and Mitchell off me ; and several people
beins in the room, after some threateninsr
172 MEMOIRS OF
language, they left me. Afterwards I sent
for my horse, to carry him to another house;
and making speed homeward, I had some
notice of the party, that they intended to
pursue me; which they did; but I took
another way, and so escaped them.
The next trouble I was in, was about re-
turning some money to London * ; and ha-
ving been at Leeds on a Tuesday, and a
neighbour of mine with me, in our return
homeward we lighted of a soldier that
came from York, who was a trooper, and
relieved from his duty ; and passing by my
neighbour's door in the twilight, a maid-
servant tells her master, Michael Boulton,
that I was ridden up with two troopers,
well armed ; and he, in the morning, goes
to inform Sir John Armitage, that I had
two troop of horse at my house, well armed
and appointed ; and, as I was informed,
* The officers, who had served under Cromwell, or
tlie Parliament, were prohibited from approaching with-
in 20 miles of London, by royal proclamation.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 173
Sir John writ to the king's secretary about
it, and informed with so much confidence
and assurance that it was so, and that there
had been a dangerous meeting at Mr Jo-
shua Horton's, in Sowerby, that the king,
being acquainted with this, sent for the
Duke of Albemarle, and acquainting him
with it, he gave no credit to it, in regard
he knew me; yet, notwithstanding, a com-
mission was granted to several gentlemen
in the county to examine the matter, and
chiefly to Major Goodricke, who was sent
down with it, who prosecuted it with a
great deal of vigilance. Their appointed
place to meet was at Bradford ; and if
they had found any thing against me. Ma-
jor Smithson was there to have carried me
away. They came to examine witnesses ;
and, as I was informed, one John Drake,
Boulton s servant, was called in, and they
asked him, if he knew Captain Hodgson ?
and he said he did, as a good loving neigh-
bour; but they asked him, what he had
heard, or knew, of two troop of horse that
174 MEMOIRS OF
were lately at his house one night, and
what strangers he saw riding to and again
by their door ? lie answered, that he heard
their maid speaking one night, and that he
had heard her say, that Mr Hodgson was
ridden up with two troopers, that rid before
him ; and that he had seen several men and
women ride up by the door, but whither
they travelled he knew not. And they ask-
ed him, whether that way led to any other
place than Mr Hodgson's ? He said it did ;
for it is the high road to Halifax, and other
places : And so they dismissed him ; only
Stephen Ellis would have had him to have
gone in again, having put new words into
his mouth ; but it seems they made no more
of it. Then they came to Sowerby plot,
and several persons were examined. First,
one Dobson, a blind man= that kept a pub-
lic-house; and they asked, what persons
lit at his house such a day, and what horses
he had set up in his stable ? avIio answered,
that he had not seen his stable for many
years, and he did not know how many there
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 175
might be : And lie asked him, why his wife
was not there ? and he told them, he had a
pretty young woman to his wife, and he
durst not trust her abroad in these times
we lived in. And then they called a black-
smith in, and asked him, what men he saw
in Sowerby such a day ? who told them,
he saw a company of good-like men walk-
ing up and down the town. But, " what,"
says one, " had they no arms ?" " Yes,"
says the smith, " they had arms." " What
kind of arms ?" said one : " Why," saith the
smith, " such as you and other men wear ;
I saw no other." " But did not you shoe
their horses ?'' " Yes," saith the smith, " I
set on a shoe or two, and they paid me ho-
nestly for them." And then they called in
others, who answered to the same purpose ;
and so they certified an ignoramus *.
* Our author is not quite explicit as to this meeting
at Sowerby; but we may reasonably conjecture, that
it was a rendezvous of the disbanded officers; of which
several took place about this time.
176 MEMOIRS OF
The 25lli August, l662, the morning af-
ter the ministers were all silenced, they had
a new plot in hand ; and early in the morn-
ing, being Monday, a dark morning after
black Bartholomew '••', the constables come
to my house, with a party of horse, to ap-
prehend me, with a warrant from Sir John
Armitage, and after 1 had seen and read it,
I made ready to go along with them ; and
Sir John being absent, the constables kept
me prisoner until Wednesday ; then I was
brought before his worship, and he told me
he had several informations against me. I
asked, what they were, and who were the
informers ? He said, I had furnished my-
self with good horses, and that there was a
great plot in hand, and that I had a hand
in it. And when he insisted on that, I of-
fered him the best horse I had for L. 5;
and told him, it was like the rest of the
* Saint Bartholomew's day, when the act of unifor-
mity took place, and about 2000 Calvinistical ministers
lost their preferments.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 177
things they had, from time to time, forged
against me. He told me, I must find sure-
ties to appear at the next quarter sessions,
and, in the interim, to be bound to the
good behaviour. I asked him, in what
particular I had misbehaved myself? If
there was nothing but lies and falsities
against me, why should I be demanded
such a thing ? adding, I would not give in
any sureties, he might do with me what he
pleased : And then he took my word to ap-
pear at the sessions ; but his clerk, my false
friend Lyster, sent me word, not to trouble
myself in appearing at the sessions. Sir
John took me into an inner room, and call-
ed for a bottle of ale ; and, being private,
I told him what hard measures I had from
him, considering what I had done for him
and his servants, whenever they came with
any complaint : I thought it was a poor
requital ; and seeing that providence had
ordered that I was fallen under his protec-
tion, I desired, if he had any thing against
me that he would let me know ; if he sent
178 MEMOIRS OF
the meanest boy about his house I would
requite him, and wait upon him night or
da3% to prevent these baihffs and soldiers ;
and he promised me, very seriously, he
would do it.-— But how he performed, take
notice.
The next bout was September the lldi,
1662 *. A party of horse came to my
house, commanded by Mr Peebles; and
he told me, he was come for my arms, and
I was to deliver them to him. I asked him
for his order. He tokl me, he had a better
order than Oliver used to give ; and clapping
his hand upon his sword-hilt, he said that
was his order. I told him if he had none,
but that it was not sufficient to take my
arms ; and then he pulled out his warrant,
and I read it. It was signed by Wentworth
Armitage ; a general warrant to search all
persons they suspected, and so left the
* About this time a plot, against the king's life, was
discovered; for which Philips, Tongue, Stubs, and
others, suffered death.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 179
power to the soldiers at their pleasure. They
came to us atCoalley-hall about sun-setting;
and I caused a candle to be lio-hted, and
conveyed Peebles into the room where my
arms were, near the kitchen fire ; and there
they took away fowling-pieces, pistols, mus-
kets, carbines, and such like, better than
L. 20. Then Mr Peebles asked me for my
buff-coat ; and I told him, they had no or-
der to take away my apparel. He told me,
I was not to dispute their orders ; but if I
would not deliver it, he would carry me
away prisoner; and had me out of doors.
Yet he let me alone unto the next morning,
that I must wait upon Sir John at Halifax ;
and coming before him, he threatened me,
and said, if I did not send the coat, for it
was too good for me to keep. I told him, it
was not in his power to demand my apparel :
And he, growing into a fit, called me rebel
and traitor ; and said, if I did not send the
coat with all speed, he would send me where
I would not like well. I told him I was no
rebel, and he did not well to call me so be-
180 MEMOIRS OF
fore these soldiers and gentlemen, to make
me the mark for everyone to shoot at. With
that he ordered me to be gone at my peril,
and send in the coat. I departed the room ;
yet, notwithstanding all the threatenings,
did not send the coat. But the next day
he sent John Lyster, the son of Mr Thomas
Lyster of Shipdenhall, for this coat, with a
letter, verbatim thus : " Mr Hodgson, I
admire you will play the child so with me,
as you have done in writing such an incon-
siderate letter. Let me have the buff-coat
sent forthwith, olherways you shall so hear
from me, as will not very well please you/'
I was not at home when this messenger
came ; but I had ordered my wife not to
deliver it, but if they would take it let them
look to it : And he took it away ; and one
of Sir John's brethern wore it many years
after. They sent Captain Batt to compound
with my wife about it ; but I sent w^ord 1
would have my own again : But he advised
me to lake a price for it, and make no more
ado. I said it was hard to take my arms
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 181
and apparel too ; I had laid out a great
deal of money for them ; I hoped they did
not mean to destroy me, by taking my
goods illegally from me. He said he would
make up the matter, if I pleased, betwixt us;
and it seems had brought Sir John to a
price for my coat. I would not have taken
L. 10 for it: He would have given about
L. 4 ; but wanting my receipt for the mo-
ney, he kept both sides, and I had never
satisfaction.
My next trouble came upon me in the
beginning of July 1663 *. I had occasion
to be at Leeds, and coming home at night,
I found Mr Jollie, a good man -f-, was come
* About this time a great plot was in agitation in
the north of England, to which it would seem our au-
thor was privy. The design was, to seize York, Not-
tingham, Gloucester, Newcastle, and Boston. With
this plot Ludlow seems to have been acquainted. Me-
moirs, Vol. iii. p. 97. It totally misgave after one or
two trifling attempts to rise in Westmoreland and
Yorkshire. Many were arrested in consequence ; and_,
amongst others. Captain Hodgson.
t Apparently one of the silenced ministers.
182 MEMOIRS OF
to my house out of Lancashire, on purpose
to visit me and my family, and, as his cus-
tom was, and had been many years, to in-
struct us. My wife had sent for many
neighbours to come in ; and the act of
conformity having taken place, he was per-
forming family-duty, being tender of his
own liberty, as well as ours. He craved a
blessing upon the ordinance, and spoke
something from a scripture : But I desired
to put an end to the duty, in regard there
was danger towards us ; our neighbours
that belonged to Sir John's troop being
mounted, with a design to set the house
about : But one of their wives sent us word
to kwk to ourselves ; and so we dismissed
the company out at the back-door into the
fields, the minister and all, and shut up the
gates and doors of the house ; and present-
ly we were set about with horsemen, a par-
cel of the sons of Belial, who were groping
about the walls all night, like the men in
Sodom about Lot's door, or the Gibeonites
that sought occasion against the Levite and
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 183
his concubine, that lodged amongst them.
In the morninc!: I caused the hall-door to be
opened, after a parley, and suffered three
persons to come in, Abraham Mitchell, the
leader of the party, Samuel Foxcroft, and
John Hanson, who came in with his sword
drawn, but I caused him to put it up ; and
so I shewed them my children and family
in bed ; and so they withdrew, and search-
ed neighbours* houses, and no prey; — so
wonderfully did God hide us from the fury
of these men.
Within two days after, two bailiffs came
to my house and wanted me, but I was rid
into Lancashire ; and they gave out threat-
ening language to my wife, that if they took
me, they would do no less than hang me ;
which put my wife into such fear, as she
sent a special messenger to advise me, by
no means to come home at present, for
there was evil designed against me, and
imprisonment would be the least ; and be-
sides, there were four or five justices ap-
pointed to make inquiry after things done
184 MEMOIRS OF
in the country, and these men met at Brad-
ford, Pudsey, Cavcrley, Armitage, Thorn-
hill, and Hawkcsworth. They sent for di-
vers of our neighbours, and examined them
very strictly, bound some to the sessions,
and freed others : Yet they could make no-
thing of their weighty concern ; none had
any thing against me. Those that were
brought in were released by three justices,
and bound over again by Sir John Armi-
tage, and some other ; and thus were they
confounded: These that set them at liber-
ty withdrew from the court, and meddled
no farther. Upon this notice from my wife,
I staid in Lancashire until after the assizes ;
and it seems one sabbath-day morning, my
house was set about with soldiers. Sir John,
and his troop ; and having the doors open-
ed, he came in, and asked my wife where
her husband was. She said, he was in Lan-
cashire. He told her, there was a plot in
hand, and that I knew of it ; and gave out
threatening language, what he would do
with me if ever he catched me. She de-
5
CAPTAIN JOUX HODGSON. 185
sired I might have liberty to vindicate mj-
self from those aspersions cast upon me ;
and that I might not be sent to prison be-
fore I had the liberty to clear myself from
those aspersions, unworlhily, from time to
time, cast upon me. When I heard from
my wife what threatenings were used, I rid
to Sir Thomas Gower, the high-sheriff, and
gave him a true account why I absented
myself; and he told me what Sir John had
laid to my charge : But he seemed to be
sorry for my sufferings, and gave me a pass
to live at home, and a letter to Mr Copley,
that I should not be meddled with, havins;
given him satisfaction ; and that I should
wait on him at Sir John Goodricke's at
fourteen days end : And he told me, that
he had the most suspicious person in du-
rance at York, one Doctor Richardson ;
and that there was Major Greathead and
Captain Gates *, who were not to be found ;
and that a declaration was drawn up, and
* Afterwards taken, and executed.
186 MEMOIRS OF
that they intended to set up the long par-
liament, and had been with many of them,
but they could not agree ; and that there
was one Captain Jones, a very active man
in Bishopric *, and Paul Hobson, and others
of the anabaptists, that were resolved to pull
down the episcopal government, and to de-
clare against the hearth-money and the ex-
cise. But, according to my promise, I re-
paired to Sir John Goodricke's at the fort-
night's end, and waited on them to Knares-
brough. There was Slingsby-f- and Gower;
and they examined me about a meeting
that was at my house, and told me, if I
would promise, and would endeavour to
prevent these for the future, and not to en-
tertain above four, besides my family, to
pray together, I might have my liberty un-
til the 20th of October ; then I must ap-
pear at Price's in York : And the 9th of
* That is, the county of Durham, where the plot
originated. Continuation of Heath, p. 3'iO.
*)- The son of Sir Henry Slingsby, whose memoirs
are now published with those of Captain Hodgson.
CAPTAIN JO UK HODGSON. 187
October I was summoned by the bailiff of
Halifax, John Thompson, to repair to York
with all speed : Which I did the day fol-
lowing ; and coming to Sir Thomas Gower
to know his pleasure, he appointed me to
keep my lodging at Mistress Brookes in
the Water-lane, until he sent for me ; which
I did, for the space of sixteen days. The
26th day I was taken from my lodging by
a major, and carried to Chatter ton's, and
brought in before several deputy-lieute-
nants, Sir George Savile, Sir Thomas Went-
Avorth, Strickland, Gower, and others ; and
they examined me about the plot, but I
perceived had nothing against me but what
Ralph Gates informed : And being sent for,
he told them, that he came to my house
one Saturday, about two months before the
rising, and he told me, that Major Great-
head and his father had sent him to let me
know, they would speak with me the next
week ; and that I told him I could not do
it, seeing I was ordered to wait upon the
sheriff at the time ; but he said furdier, that
188 MEMOIRS OP
I should say to him, if Major Greathead
did cno;ao;c, 1 would not sit still. The de-
puly-lieutenants left the business with the
sheriff, who drew a mittimus himself, and
sent me to the castle in York, " 26th Oc-
tober 1663. Keep in safe custody, at your
peril, the body of Captain John Hodgson
of Coalley, now brought unto you, being
accused by several persons to be guilty of
treason, in consenting to raise war against
his majesty. Fail not, nor suffer any to
speak with him, without particular order.
Tno. GowER, vl Com. To the keeper of
the jail, in the castle of York."
I reckon this mittimus not to be legal;
for, 1st, a sheriff is not to commit prisoners
to his own jail : 2dly, A mittimus ought to
have convenient certainty in expressing for
what the party is committed ; for ignorance
in the judge, brings calamity on the judged :
3dly, The mittimus ought to run, that the
prisoner " you are safely to keep, until he
be delivered by order of law ;" so that the
conclusion of this is altogether illegal, be-
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 189
ing not to suffer any to speak to him, with-
out particular order.
After I had been kept a season in close
prison, I was sent for by the deputy-lieute-
nants, and there severally examined. There
was Osborne, now a prisoner in the tower;
Wentworth, dead; Armitage, that broke
his neck off his horse when drunk ; Cobb,
that killed himself; and several others;
with Hayes, their clerk : And after a long
examination, and having nothing against
me. Sir Thomas Osborne ordered the jailor
to return me to close prison where I came
from. I told him, I hoped he could send
me no whither, Vjut I should have the pre-
sence of God with me. The judges came
down, not long after, to try the plotters * ;
* A commission of oyer and terminer was sent down,
in the depth of winter, to try those concerned in this
northern plot. Fifteen persons were found guilty;
many of whom were executed at York, Leeds, and
other places in the north. Continuation ofHeatJia Chro-
nicle, p. 520. Several other agitators were condemned
and executed in the following year, for the same plot.
Jbid. p. 526. It was probably expected, that sufficient
190 MEMOIRS OF
but I was not called before them, but con-
tinued in prison. And not long after their
departure, I was, with other prisoners,
brought before the deputy-lieutenants into
the hall ; and, after a long time of attend-
ance, I was called before them, and the
clerk of the assizes told me (it was Mr Ben-
son), that I was to be re-committed, and
continued until the next assizes, without
bail or main-prize. I asked him, for what ?
He said, for consenting to raise war against
the king. I asked, why 1 was not tried ac-
cording to law, if they had a charge against
me ? He told me, it was the judge's plea-
sure it should be so. In 33d Henry Vlll.
cap. 23. I find, that if any person be vehe-
mently suspected of any treasons, mispri-
sion of treason, &c. the Chancellor shall
grant out a commission of oyer and termi-
ner, for the speedy trial, for the conviction
or deliverance of such persons. Likewise
evidence would be found to convict our author with
this latter set, and hence the cause of his detention in
jail.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 191
in the 13th Charles, cap. 2. " that if any
person, wilhiii this realm, shall compass,
imagine, or intend the death of the king,
or depose him from his honour, or levy war
against him, and shall utter it by printing,
■writing, preaching, or by malicious and ad-
vised speaking, being legally convicted up-
on the oaths of two lawful and credible
witnesses, shall be adjudged traitors; but
withal, the offenders shall be prosecuted
within six months next after the offence
committed, and indicted within three
months after such prosecution." Likewise,
in the 1st Edward VI. cap. 12. " No per-
son shall be impeached, or put to answer,
for any offence concerning treasons by open
preaching, or for words only, except the of-
fender be accused within thirty days next
after the words so spoken or declared, if he
be within the realm; and six months, if
without the realm." I was indicted before
the grand jury, as I was informed, and the
jury found it not ; and Sir John Armitage
fetched forth Lawyer Weston out of the
192 MEMOIRS OF
liall, and he told tlic jury, ihey must find
tlie indictment ; for though it was an accu-
sation, yet it was no conviction ; and so the
jury found it, being over-awed. 1 was not
tried this assize, but continued until the
next in prison : And, at the latter end of
the assize, ^Ir Stockdale, myself, and Mr
Rymer, were called to the bar, and an in-
dictment was read against Stockdale and
myself for misprision of treason, that we
knew of a plot, and did not discover it to
some magistrate. This indictment was ne-
ver before, nor found by any grand jury.
Mr Stockdale desired counsel ; and the
judges told him, if he would confess the
fact, he might be heard in arrest of judg-
ment ; then he pleaded, not guilty : And,
after, they asked me, and I desired counsel,
having several exceptions against the indict-
ment. Judge Twisden said, frowningly,
I must plead guilty or not guilty ; to which
I answered, " Not guilty.'' My exceptions
were, 1st, It was not the indictment found
by the grand jur}^ : 2dly, I should have been
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 193
indicted within three months after prosecu-
tion, and it was above six months: 3dly,
It ought to be grounded upon some sta-
tute, which it was not, but grounded upon
the common law : 4thly, There was not a
right addition to my name, and the time
was not set down when the offence was com-
mitted. I pleaded for counsel ; but neither
judge nor counsel was ready to promote it,
the matter was so frivolous : And the jury
giving in their verdict, Sir Edmund Jen-
nings being foreman, they clear Stockdale,
and found me guilty of misprision of trea-
son. That cost me L. 20 for a pardon to
Benson, but I could neither procure it, nor
a copy of it. Mr Rymer was likewise found
guil ty of misprision. This it cost me, besides
all my imprisonment and charges in the
court.
Not long after. Sir John, with a constable
and some of his servants, came riding to the
gates at Coalley-hall, betimes in the morn-
ing; and the constable knockmg, one of
N
194 MEMOIRS OF
the family opened the door, and let them
in. My wife was up, but I was in bed.
Sir John coming into the hall, with a pis-
tol presented in his hand, asked my wife,
where her husband was ? She told him, I
was in bed ; and he walking a turn or two
in the hall, giving out threatening language
against me, according to his accustomed
manner, my wife called up the servants ;
and, as she came back into the hall, she
said, " Even the Lord rebuke him ;" and
immediately Sir John left the house, and
told the constable he might go home; and
he mounted with all speed, with a servant
he had, and was gone. We could judge no
less, considering the circumstances, that he
came with a design to have destroyed me,
but the Lord rebuked him.
In the year 1665, about the beginning of
August *, 1 was arrested in Halifax, on a
* Some fresh suspicions of a plot seem to have ari-
sen at this time, as the proclamation, proliihiting dis-
banded officers to approach within 20 miles of London;,
was now renewed.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 195
market-day, by Jeremiah Bovver of Brad-
ford, and earned lo the Swan, where I
found young Mr C'ooie a prisoner, and se-
veral others were brouglit in ; but none of
us knew in whose name, or at whose suit,
we were arrested ; only they pretended, it
was the deputy-lieutenant's deed, by the
appointment of the Duke of York, who was
then coming to York with his Duchess;
the plague being so violent in London, and
in the southern parts. We marched that
night to Bradford, and rested there the
Sabbath ; and the next day to York, where
our company was much increased. The
next morning I went down to the castle,
whence I was but newly come out; and
having an influence upon Grimston the
jailor, I took up lodging for seven or eight
ministers ; and so coming out of the castle,
I met the prisoners all coming down, and
I turned back again with them, being above
the number of fourscore. There were Par-
liament-men, colonels, majors, lieutenant-
196 MEMOIRS OF
colonels, captains, lieutenants, &c. and
these brought out of all parts of the coun-^
try. A violent fever fell in amongst us :
some died ; Major Davidson, Captain Las^
celles. Captain Ambh^r, and others. Cob
being then sheriff, when he heard of any
dangerously sick, he sent for them out, aU
leging, he would not be guilty of their blood.
We continued at this rate until Martin^
mas, and by that time many were released
upon bond ; and I had an unreasonable
bond offered me that J could not sign, and
so continued until one fortnight before Lent
assizes, and Wentworth and Armitage sent;
a liberate, knowing I should have got out
by the judges; for this was much like the
rest, sic volo, sicjubeo. We had an act came
from Oxford, to keep a monthly fast for
London*; and we had liberty in the jail
to keep it, having good assistance of mini-
sters, and a large auditory of prisoners, and
t On account of the pl^guf.
CAPTAIN JOHN HODGSON. 197
some few admitted out of the city. God
was amongst us, and did hear the prayers
of the destitute for that city, did cause the
destroying angel to put up his sword, &c.
Another remarkable thing I met with in
prison was, my wife had writ me word my
daughter Lydia was very weak ; and I be-
ing reading over her letter, I was observed by
Mr Fisher to be dejected ; and he looks over
it, and was much affected with it in prayer^
in the last duty of the day, and shewed
what I had met with from men, how injuri-
ously they had dealt with me, and that
God did afflict the family too ; and used
many arguments to stay his hand, and spare
the child : Which indeed were heard ; for
my wife's next letter certifies, that the
neighbours were come in, fearing she was
drawing away, and, as they thought, seem-
ed to slumber ; and they sitting quietly by
the bed-side, she roused herself up, and
asked for something to eat : And this wa«
198 MEMOIRS, &C.
about the very time when Mr Fisher was
upon his knees wrestling for her*. Such
Jacobs we had in piisonj-.
* Them, MS.
"f The originally concluding words, " and this was
my last iiuprisonnient," are obliterated; and the fol-
lowing, '^ with us, and sucli a prayei-hearing God to
attend us/' added by the author's son, Timothy.
RELATIONS
OF
THE CAMPAIGNS
« OF
OLIVER CROMWELL
IN
SCOTLAND— 1650.
AS PUBLISHED FROM THE ORIGINALS BY ORDER OF
PARLIAMENT.
ADVERTISEMENT.
The '' Memoirs of Captain Hodgson" contain some
account of the campaigns of Cromwell in Scotland ;
but the republication of the following documents, from
the originals in possession of Thomas Thomson, Esq.
Advocate, convey much more complete information on
a point of Scottish history, the details of which have
been generally considered as singularly obscure. In
other respects, the matter of the following pages has
immediate reference to the martial period in which
Slingsby and Hodgson wrote their Memoirs, and forms
an important addition to the miscellaneous contents of
the present volume.
A
LARGE
RELATION
OF THE
FIGHT AT LEITH,
NEERE
EDENBURGH;
WHEREIN
MAJOR-GENERALL MONTGOMERY, COLONEL STRAUGHAN, WITH
MANY MORE OF QUALITY OF THE SCOTTISH PARTY,
WERE SLAINE AND WOUNDED.
THE PARTICULARS ON BOTH SIDES FULLY RELATED J
WITH A LIST OF THE PRISONERS TAKEN,
\SD NUMBER KILD
' ALSO,
A PERFFXT ACCOUNT
«F EVERY DAYES TRANSACTIONS AND ENGAGEMENTS BETWEEN THE
ARMIES, SINCE OUR ARMIES FIRST ENTRING SCOTLAND.
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY ED. GRIFFIN, IN THE OLD DAILY 1650.
SiRj
On Thursday, July 25, the Generall and
army marched from Mordington to Cop-
perspith, Col. Hacker's regiment being
drawn up in the way ; his Excellency made
a speech to satisfie them, concerning Cap.
Ogle's troope being sent back into Nor-
thumberland, in regard of his interest in
that county; and that Cap. Greenwood's
troop, appointed for Barwick, should march
with the regiment in the stead thereof, which
gave great satisfaction. Col. Bright's re-
giment being drawn up, Major-Gen. Lam-
bert appointed colonel thereof, comming
to the head of the regiment, was received
with great acclamations.
By the way we had intelligence from
Edinburgh, that on Munday last most part
206 RELATION OF
of the inhabitanls of the city shut up their
shops, and carried away most part of their
goods towards Slerhi:g ; that the army was
mustered neere Edinburgh ; their horse
were 2.300, old horse of David Lesley's,
the iiew raised made them up 5000 ; the
foot not certainly known, in regard that or-
ders were given for levies, but the men did
not come in ; those that appeared were
about 10,000 ; that the prince removed
from Falkland to St Johnston's on Satur-
day last, and intended not to stay there,
but to goe to Sterling ; that Major-Gen.
Massey Avas in Edinburgh, but not in com-
mand.
His excellency quartered this night at
Sir James Nicholson's at Copperspith, be-
ing a port town about 14 miles from Bar-
wick. When our scouts came first to the
town, they were met withall by three Scots,
which our men disarmed, and took prison-
ers ; but at night (ihey alledging they were
only countrymen, and that then* ministers
and grandees had given out that the army
THE FIGHT AT LEITH. 207
would kill man, woman, and child), where-
upon their swords, and other things taken
from them, were ordered by his excellency
to be restored, and the men dismist; which,
we hope, will work well upon the country.
One of our scouts met with one of the ene^
my, who ran at him with a lance, and broke
it against his armor ; but seeing our scout
had the better, he quitted his horse, and
fell headlong down a steep hill, where our
trooper could not follow him, but seized the
horse.
In the march between Mordington and
Copperspith we saw not any Scotchman,
in Eyton and other places that we passed
thorow; but the streets were full of Scotch
women, pitifull, sorry creatures, clothed in
white flannell, in a very homely manner ;
very many of them much bemoaned their
husbands, who, they said, were enforced
by the lairds of the towns to gange to the
muster.
Friday, July 26. His excellency march-
ed from Copperspith to Dunbarre, a port
208 RELATION OF
town of trade, and populous, where some
Scotch foot had been the night before ;
but, upon the comming in of some of our
scouts, ran away ; so that one man might
chase ten or twenty of them, not daring
one of them to look back. We understand
the enemy were not farre from the town,
but ran away so soon as our horse drew to-
wards them. All the men in this town, as
in other places of this daies march, were
fled ; and not any to be seen above seven
or under 70 yeeres old, but onely some few
decrepid ones.
Our souldiers had not been long in the
town, but there was an alarm that the ene-
my were comming on ; whereupon the
souldiers were drawn out into the field,
though much streightned for provisions;
but since the Amity and other ships are
come from Newcastle with provisions. This
day we marcht to Haddington. A party
of the Scots, who live about Hume castle,
fell upon some countreymen who were
bringing provisions to the army out of
THE FIGHT AT LEITH. 209
Northumberland, and cut the men ; but
the governor of Barwick hath sent a troop
of horse, which will scoure the coasts. Thus
far from Dunbarre, July 27.
On Sunday, July 28, our army went
forth betimes in the morning from Had-
dington, and rendezvouzd upon Gladmore;
the enemy appeared in small bodies, divers
of them were taken.
Those that quartered in Muslebrough
the night before quitted it; some of Col.
Fleetwood's regiment comming upon them,
took severall prisoners. A party of three
of ours charged 12 of theirs, and took three.
A trooper in Col. Whaley's regiment was
sentenc't, at a court-marshall, to have his
horse and arms taken from him, and to
work as a pioneere for three weeks, for ta-
king aw^ay some curtaines and other things
out of a Scottish gentleman's house.
Major Haines being sent with a com-
manded party towards the enemy, follow-
ed them within halfe a mile of Edenburgh.
This day we understood that one Mr John
o
210 RELATION OF
Lower, a Scotch minister, preacliec] upon
this text in Edenburgh, Exod. xi\ . 8. The
words, and his comment upon (hen), are
very observable, but too long to be re-
lated.
Munday, July 29- The army drew out
of Muslebrough within two miles of Eden-
burgh ; our horse and theirs puckeerd all
the forenoone ; about foure in the after-
noone, his excellency commanded a for-
lorne of horse neere Arthur's hill, who faced
the enemy, and still contirmed puckering;
but perceiving the enemy had lyned the
parke wall with muskateers, and had the
command of the hill, whereby they viewed
our army, a forlorne of muskateers were
sent to beat them off, which they did with-
out loss.
While this was doing, a piece of ordi-
nance was drawing up neere the hill, which
playd upon a great part of the enemies
body, who then faced us, but quickly quit
their ground, and retreated to their main
body, who had intrenched themselves be-
THE FIGHT AT LEITH. 211
tween Leitli and Edenburgh. By this
time the whole army were drawn up in
battaHa in sight of Edenburgh; a party
sent to possess some houses neer the town,
which they did, and the train drawn up
there.
This day, Caplaine Hall, reerc-admirall,
being come up with the Liberty, the Heart
frigot, the Garland, and the Dolphin, plaid
hard with their ordnance into Leith, wliile
the army plaid with theirs by land, till
eleven at night, and so again after three in
the morning ; all this while the army stood
drawne up in the field ; and from the first
appearing, till the next day at eight or nine
o'clock, there fell an exceeding great deale
of raine, which hindred the attempting of
any thing, and the enemy not stirring out
of their intrenchment and fortifications;
which latter did more trouble our souldiers,
who were exceeding cheerfull, and desirous
of nothing so much as to fioht then all the
unseasonablenesse of the weather. While
our army was thus drawne out of Mussel-
212 RELATION OF
borough, many of the wrc^U'hed country
people, who liad hid themselves in eoale-
pits at the comming of our men, came to
the towne, and fell to barocadoing of it ;
and 500 of them got together, with an in-
tent to have cut the throats of the army in
case they had beene beaten, which they ex-
pected ; and had orders, as they said, from
Lieutenant-Cien. Lesley so to doe ; Major
Haines, with a party of Col. Fleetwood's
regiment, fell upon them, killed 30 of them,
wounded others, and tooke about 40 pri-
soners.
Tuesday, July 30. It being not held ad-
visable to fall upon the enemy, who were
more in number than ourselves, and had
the two garrisons of Leith and Edenburgh,
besides the advantage of a high and strong
hill, where they had inlrencht themselves ;
the army drew off towards Musselborough
for refreshment, both of horse and man,
which the eneni}^ perceiving, with great bo-
dies of horse, the one fiom Leith, (;n the
right, and the other from the Canny gate,
THE FIGHT AT LEITH. 213
on the left, mercht furiously on, and fell
upon the reere-guard, being but 200 horse,
commanded by Captain Evanson, who re-
ceived the charge ; but being overpowered
by the enemy, retreated ; then the gene-
ralTs regiment, being neere, advanc't to-
wards the enemy, gave them a hot charge,
and routed them ; after this the enemy
came up againe with a nothep fresh body,
and put the general's regiment to a retreat;
hereupon four troops of Col. Whaley's re-
giment, and Major-Gen. Lambert's, char-
ged them, routed them, and pursued them
to the line ; in doing of which, our men
were disordered ; and the enemy perceiv-
hig it, came up againe with another fresh
body of horse, thinking thereby to have
put us to the long run ; but upon the corn-
mi ng up of one troop more of Col. Wha-
ley's regiment, commanded by Captaine
Chillenden, being in good order, charged
them, and put them to the run, pursuing
and kilUng them, even to and within their
line ; so that after this the enemy at that
214< RELATION OF
port bad no mind to engage whilest these
regiments were thus employed. Col. Hac-
ker, wilh his regiment, charged the enemy
on the right, towards Leith, routing and
pursuing ihem within their works. We took
two colours at both places. There w^ere
divers killed of the enemy, and many dan-
gerously wounded ; and but three of ours
slain, and some small number wounded,
"whereof the major-general received two
W'Ounds in the thigh and shoulder with a
lance in the last charge ; he having twice
before charged in the head of our parlies ;
and in this businesse the Major-gen., Col.
Whaley, and Co. Hacker, wilh the rest of
the officers and souldiers that engaged, de-
serve much lionour for their gallantry and
resolution therein ; Capt. Gladman, of the
general's own troop, and the cornet there-,
of, were wounded ; also Cornet Kussel, cor-
net to Captain Chillenden, were also wound-
ed, with some few troopers. The Scotch
king being upon the Castle-hill to see his
men, which he called his Green Homes,
THE FIGHT AT LEITH. 215
beaten on bolh sides to liCith and Eden-
burgli lo some purpose : Therefore, that
night they took a resolution, at a councell
of wane, to redeem their credit, and resol-
ved that a party of their best horse, of old
soldiers, consisting of 1500 chosen men,
commanded by Major-Gen. Montgomery
and Col. Straughan, should, on Wednes-
day morning, 31 July, fall upon our quar-
ters to beat them up ; and, as their own
men, now prisoners, confesse, that Straughan
did engage to bring his excellency, our ge-
neral, alive or dead to the prince ; which
resolution was followed accordingly : and
on Wednesday, July 31, they came out by
a by way, and came near our guards, then
kept by Col. Fleetwood's regiment ; about
three in the morning our scouts discovered
them, demanding who they were for ? they
said, Friends, friends : but our men be-
leeving them not, fired upon them, and
gave the alarm to the guard, who were in
a good posture to receive them; but be-
216 RELATION" OF
ing overpower'd, were put to disorder:
then Col. Lilburne's regiment received
them, and gave lliem a hot charge; so that
many of them tell, broake iheir bodies, put
them to the riinne, forty or thereabouts
slaine, and about 100 taken prisoners ;
among the slain was Major-Generall Mont-
gomery, their commander in chiefe, also
Col. Straughan wounded, if not slaine. —
Prisoners taken were as followeth :
Sir Thomas Nairne, lieut.-col. to the Lord
Breckine ; Major Brice Cockram, major to
Col. Straughan ; Alexander Facquet, lieut.
to Major Lindsey, in Col. Osan s regiment ;
James Browne, cornet to the Lord Breckin ;
Joseph Shet, cornet to Captain Fan4e, in
Col. Straughan's regiment. Three of the
lifeguard to Generall Leven ; with 80 troop-
ers.
These are already brought into the cus-
tody of the marshall-generall. There are
many other prisoners in the several regi-
ments, and wounded, which are not brought
in.
THE FIGHT AT LEITH. 217
Yesterday the Scottish general sent a
trumpeter to his excellency with two pri-
soners they had taken of ours ; one was
one of the corporalls of the field, and the
other a trooper : to answer which civility,
the lord-general sent back two of his life-
guard and a trooper.
There are several vessels of provisions
from Newcastle and other parts, come in
for our souldiers, which are now unlading,
which gives them encouragement. We
hope those from London will be here sud-
denly ; the people being more base in hid-
ing their provisions, then the country is bar-
ren of producing them. The prisoners say,
the prince came to Edenburgh last night;
most of those who came forth were English
cavaliers. The prisoners say, they promised
to bring the Lord-Gen. Cromwell to him ;
not 100 of them got backe to Edenburgh
in a body. Our men had the pursuit of
them four miles ; Col. Blight's regiment of
foot being drawn up in the field, kild many
3
218 RELATION OP
of iheni. We lost onely Col. Lilburn^s cor-
net, and some few souldiers.
MUSLEBOKOIJGH, Ji//y 31, l650.
Since the wriling of the former, we are
further informed by the prisoners taken,
and other certain information, that the
party of 1500 horse, who came out of Edin-
burgh, were the choicest of their horse ;
that Major-Gen. Straughan, at the coun-
cell of war the night before, had engaged
to the prince to bring the Lord-Gen. Crom-
well to him alive or dead, and therefore de-
sired to command the party ; but it being
not thought fit to trust him, Major-Gen.
Montgomery was appointed to command
the jjarty, and Col. Straughan to bring up
the reare. They came out of Edinburgh
about ten of the clock at night, and went
sixteen miles about ; when the first party
of our men took the alarm, which were Col.
Lilburne's men, two of them came before
as friends (being English), and told our
men it was a false alarm ; whereupon they
THE FIGHT AT LEITH. 219
dismounted, and so the enemy came upon
them immediately, but did not much pre^
judice, onely Col. Lilburne's cornet kild,
and two or three others hurt ; their inten-
tion reaching to more then that guard.
They came on to Muslebrough tovvne ;
and in the way Col. Fleetwood's three
troops met with them, and scattered them;
and comming by Col. Bright's regiment,
they gave them so great a volle}^ that it
tooke off many from their horses ; three
horses were kild, and a corporall's legges
taken off at one drake shot from that re^i-
ment ; our men scattered them so, that
some of them were taken in Muslebroughe
towne. Wee had the pursuite of them for
four miles ; and our dragoones, which quar-
tered that nio;ht within a mile of Eden-
burgh, met them, and kild divers of them.
Amongst the rest of those that were slaine,
Major-Gen. Montgomery was one, the rest
are not yet known. One of them, who
was kild by our men, was heard, upon his
last gaspe, to say, " Dam me, I'll to my
220 RELATION OF
king." They were most English cavaliers
that charg'd in this and the first engage-
ment ; at both places, they were heard to
say, "We are Morris his men; remember
Ponlefract." The prince (tis said) gave to
each of them two shillings to drink, which
made them drunk.
Capt. W'ilfoid, a gentleman in my lord's
own troop, being on Tuesday taken prison-
er (his horse being kild under him), was
carried to Leilh, where he was very cour-
teously used by Lieut.-Gen. David Lesley,
who kept him at his own house ; where re-
sorted to him divers of their ministers and
commanders, who demanded of him how
long he had served under Antichrist, that
proud man Cromwell ; over whose head
the curse of God huns; for murderins; the
king, breaking the covenant, and they did
expect daily when the Lord should deliver
him into their hands; they saying he term-
ed his guns his twelve apostles, and that he
put his whole confidence in them ; and the
commanders, old cavaliere like, did sweare
THE FIGHT AT LEITH. 221
most desperately, that they had taken 18 of
our colours ; and the ministers said, that
our ships in the haven were revolted to the
king : which your London cavaliers may
perhaps believe.
MUSLEBOROUGH, AugUSt \, l650.
\
A
TRUE
RELATION
OF THE
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENGLISH ARMY
NOW IN
SCOTLAND,
IROM THE TWO-AND-TWENTIETH DAY OF JULY
TO THE FIRST OF AUGUST,
CONTAINED IN AND EXTRACTED OUT OF THE
SEVERAL LETTERS
SENT FROM THE ARMY, AND READ IN PARLIAMENT
THE SIXTH OF AUGUST, 1650.
Ordered by the Parliament, that these Letters, with the several
Extracts, be Jar thw it h printed and published.
Hen. Scobell, Cleric. Parliamenti.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY EDWARD HUSBAND AND JOHN FIELD,
PRINTERS TO THE PARLIAMENT OF ENGLAND.
THE RIGHT HONORABLE
THE
LORD PRESIDENT
COUNCEL OF STATE.
MY LORD,
We marched from Berwick upon
Monday, being the two-and-twentieth day
of July, and lay at my Lord Mordington's
house, Monday night, Tuesday, and Wed-
nesday ; on Thursday we marched to Cop-
perspeth ; on Friday to Dunbar, where we
got some small pittance from our ships ;
from thence we marched to Haddington.
On the Lord's day, hearing that the Scot-
p
226 RELATION OF
tish army meant to meet us at Gladsmore,
we labored to possess the moor before
ihem, and beat our drums very early in
the morning ; but when we came there, no
considerable body of the enemy appeared ;
whereupon 1400 horse, under the com-
mand of Major-General Lambert and Co-
lonel Whalley, were sent as a vanguard to
Muscleborough, to see likewise if they
could finde out and attempt any thing up-
on the enemy. I marched in the heel of
them, with the residue of the army ; our
party encountered with some of their horse,
but they could not abide us. We lay at
Muscleborough ; incamped close that night;
the enemy's army lying between Eden-
burgh and Leith, about four miles from
us, intrenched by a line flankered from
Edenburgh to Leith ; the guns also from
Leith scouring most parts of the line, so
that they lay very strong. Upon Monday,
the 29th instant, we were resolved to draw
up to them, to see if they would fight
with us; and when we came upon the
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 22?
place, we resolved to get our canons as
near them as we could, hoping thereby to
annoy them ; we likewise perceived, that
they had some force upon a hill that over-
looks Edenburgh, from whence we might
be annoyed, did resolve to send up a party
to possess the said hill, which prevailed;
but, upon the whole, we did finde, that
their army were not easily to be attempt-
ed ; whereupon we laid still all the said
day; which proved to be so sore a day and
night of raine, as I have seldom seen, and
greatly to our disadvantage ; the enemy
having enough to cover them, and we no-
thing at all considerable. Our soldiers did
abide this difficulty with great courage
and resolution, hoping they should speedi-
ly come to fight. In the morning, the
ground being very wet, our provisions
scarce, we resolved to draw back to our
quarters at Muscleborough, there to refresh
and revictual. The enemy, when we drew
off, fell upon our rear, and put them into
some little disorder ; but our bodies of
228 RELATION or
horse, being in some readiness, came to a
grable with them ; where, indeed, there was
a gallant and liot dispute ; the major-ge-
neral and Colonel Whallcy being in the
rear, and the enemy drawmg out great bo-
dies to second their first affront. Our men
charged them up to the very trenches, and
beat them in ; the major-general his horse
was shot in the neck and head, himself run
through the arm with a lance, and run in-
to another place of his body, was taken
prisoner by the enemy, but rescued imme-
diately by Lieutenant Empson, of my re-
giment. Colonel Whalley, who was then
nearest to the major-general, did charge
very resolutely, and repulsed the enemy,
and killed divers of them upon the place,
and took some prisoners, without any con-
siderable loss ; which indeed did so amaze
and quiet them, that we marched off to
Muscleborough ; but they dar'd not send
out a man to trouble us. We hear their
yong king looked on upon all this, but was
very ill satisfied to see their men do no
THE CAMPAIGN IX SCOTLAND. 229
better. We came to Muscleborouob that
night, so tired and weaned for want of
sleep, and so dirty by reason of tlie wet-
ness of the weather, that we expected the
enemy would make an infal upon us;
which accordingly they did, between three
and four of the clock this morning, with
fifteen of their most select troops, under
the command of iMajor-General Mont-
gomery and Straughan, two champions of
the church. Upon which business there
was great hope and expectation laid. The
enemy came on with a great deal of reso-
lution, beat in our guards, and put a regi-
ment of horse in some disorder ; but our
men speedily taking the alarum, charged
the enemy, routed them, took many pri-
soners, killed a great many of them^ did ex-
ecution within aquarter of a mile of l^^den-
burgh, and, as 1 am informed, Straughan
was killed there, besides divers others offi-
cers of quality ; we took the major to
Straughan's regiment, Major Hamilton, a
lieutenant-colonel, and divers other officers
230 RELATION OF
and persons of quality, whom yet we know
not. Indeed, this is a sweet beginning of
your business, or rather the Lord's ; and I
beUeve is not very satisfactory to the ene-
my, especially to the kirk party. We did
not lose any in this business, so far as I
hear, but a cornet. I do not hear of four
men more. The major-general will, I be-
lieve, within few days, be well to take the
field ; and I trust, this work, which is the
Lord's, will prosper in the hands of his
servants. I did not think it adviseable to
attempt upon the enemy, lying as he doth;
but surely it would sufficiently provoke
him to fight, if he had a mind to it. I do
not think he is less than six or seven thou-
sand horse, and fourteen or fifteen thou-
sand foot. The reason, I hear, that they
give out to their people why they do noJt
fight us, is, because they expect many bo-
dies of men more out of the north of Scot-
land ; which, when they come, they give
out they will then engage ; but, I believe,
they would rather tempt us to attempt
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 231
them in their fast nets, within which they
are intrenched ; or else hoping we shall fa-
mish for want of provisions ; which is very
likely to be, if we be not timely and fully
supplyed. I remain,
My Lord,
Your most humble servant,
O. Cromwell.
MuscLEBORouGH, Julu 30, l650.
I understand, since the writing of this
letter, that Major-General Montgomery i*
slain.
232 relation of
Sir,
My last acquainted you with our ad-
vance into Scotland : you may expect to
hear of some action. The people had ge-
nerally deserted their habitations, some few
women only were left behinde ; yet we
had this mercy, that their houses thus for-
saken were indifferently well furnished
with beer, wine, and corn, which was a
very good supply to us. Our soldiers were
civil and orderly, which gains much upon
the country.
On the 26 of this instant we came to
Haddington, where we received intelli-
gence, that the Scots army had rendez-
vouzed that day, and proposed to march
all that night, to meet us on a moor, be-
twixt Muscleburgh and Haddington, call-
ed Gladsmoor. We drew out our army
early in the morning, expecting an engage-
ment ; but missing thereof, and meeting
with no certain inteUigence where their
army was, we drew out a party of fifteen
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 233
hundred horse, commanded by Major-Ge-
neral Lambert, which had a forlorn ot two
hundred t;orse, led by Major Heyne. These
advanced before I lie body of our army, to
give some notice where their army lay.
Our forlorn had some light skirmishes with
theirs. We still prest on till we had dis-
covered some bodies of their horse, drawn
up about a mile and an half on this side
Leith. Upon the appearing of our party,
they retreated ; our forlorn advanced after
them, but they quickly got under the shel-
ter of their works ; so that nothing consi-
derable was done that day.
We quartered that night at Musclebo-
rough, within four miles of their camp.
We then found that they encamped be-
tween Leith and Edenburgh ; and had en-
trenched themselves very strongly, draw-
ing their trench from the Leith to the foot
of Canny gate street in Edinburgh; and all
along the line they had mounted very
many pieces of ordnance. The next morn-
ing, being the 28 of Jidy instant, we drew
234 llELATIO]Sr OF
out our array, supposing that they would
have given us battle, and a plain field for
the deciding of our work. Our*forlorn of
liorse was commanded by Major Brown ;
a party of two hundred foot led by Major
Cobbet, with an hundred horse, were to
possess the mickle hill on this side Eden-
burgh, where some of their muskettiers lay
popping at us. They quickly made them-
selves masters of that hill ; which, if their
army had maintained, and planted great
guns upon it, they might have very much
galled the left wing of our army. They
had no such intentions as to come to us,
onely some small bodies of their horse
appeared, but tiiey were suddenly beaten
back again. We quartered that night with-
in less than musket-shot of their intrench-
ments. It began to rain about five of the
clock in the evening, and it proved as sad
and wet a night as ever was endured. The
next morning, perceiving they would not
fight, and viewing the strength of their in-
trenchments, the soldiers having endured
3
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 235
SO bitter a night, we drew off to quarters,
for the refreshment of our men and horses.
They have made themselves so strong, ly-
ing under the command of Edinburgh
castle and of Leilh, that we could not
come neer them, without the apparent ha-
zard of the loss of our army. Upon our
drawing off, they endeavoured to fall on
our rear, which was done with as great ad-
vantage on their part as might be; and
yet (through the goodness of God) it prov-
ed to their loss : They had kept our rear-
guard too long pickering, till great bodies
of horse, which we could not judge to be
less than a thousand, appeared near them,
both on their rear and on their flank : and
indeed, before they could reach the rear of
our army, they were forced into some dis-
order ; but one of our rear troops received
ours, and put theirs to a stand. At length
we rallied up, and dividing into two parts,
wc charged both their bodies of horse
home, pursuing them to their very works.
'Tis supposed we killed fifty or sixty of
236 RELATION or
llieirs, wounding more, and taking some
prisoners. This gave an alarm to tlie van
of our army, wlio were all drawn off; but
they would not come out to give us battel,
though we drew up in their view. We lost
some ihw ; Captain Gladman, with some
others, being wounded ; the major-general
himself received two wounds in his arm
and thigh by their lances ; he was taken
prisoner, but rescued by Lieutenant Emp-
son. They refusing to fight, we drew off
to Muscleborough to quarters. The ene-
my, taking advantage at our weariness,
about the br<^ak of the day, this morning,
being the 30 of this instant July, attempted
to make a desperate charge upon our quar-
ters with eight hundred of their choice
horse. This they did very resolutely ; and
our guard of horse being somewhat negli-
gent, they routed them, and came to our
very town gate, till our musquettiers, and
a piece of ordnance, had discharged, and
done execution upon them, they were put
to a stand, and received by two troops of
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 237
Colonel Lilburn's horse very gallantly ;
falling upon us suddenly, before we could
well receive the alarm, they mightily dis-
ordered our horse, and wounded many of
our men. At length our men rallied, and
charged them home, and pursued them to
their very works, which was four miles ;
and in their pursuit they killed and wound-
ed many of them, taking divers prisoners.
Sir Robert Montgomery, their major-ge-
neral, commanded their party, with whom
Colonel Straughan (once our friend) was ;
it is thouo^ht he is killed. We have taken
a heutenant-colonel, a major, some cap-
tains, and other officers, prisoners. The
number we have slain is not yet known ;
prisoners are still brought in ; we may
conjecture they will return back above one
hundred less then they came forth. This
was a very great mercy to us, and a check
to them. We have one captain of theirs
prisoner, and he is much wounded, whom
they value, and account of very high for
their kirk. We had a cornet killed, whose
238 RELATION OF
colours were also taken. It was but in
part a requital of what we did to them yes-
terday, for we took two of their colours.
Their king came to them on Monday, and
viewed their army. His coronation day is
shortly to be solemnized. We much won-
der, that none of the honest party amongst
them do fall off yet to us. If they would
appear, our work might receive a more
speedy result. They expect more forces
out of the north ; they report to the num-
ber of about five or six thousand. I have
no more at this present, but to desire you
to accept of the service of
Your humble servant,
KH.
MUSCLEBOROUGH, SO^A Jm/j/, 16o0,
the campaign in scotland. 239
Sir,
We are now come near Edinburgh,
before which the army, horse and foot,
were drawn up on Monday last. The ene-
my had Hned the park wall with muske-
tiers, about a mile from the town. A party
of our musketiers were sent to beat them
from it, especially in regard it gave them a
view of the army. This they did ; and the
enemy fled to their body, who lay encamp-
ed upon a hill near the city. Order was
given for the drawing up a piece of ord-
nance upon Arthur's hill, which played
upon the enemy, and made them give back
to their trenches, which they had made be-
tween Edenburgh and Leith, to secure
themselves. The army stood in battalia
all the night ; but the enemy, not willing
to leave their advantages, and it not being-
advisable to fall upon our enemy, far above
our number, who had two garisons, and a
hne to defend themselves, besides the ex-
traordinary wet that tell that night and the
^40 RELATION OF
next morning ; the army had order to
march back to Muscleborough, which they
did : The enemy perceiving it, a great party
of their horse issued forth to fall upon our
reer, whicli received their charge ; and,
after an hot dispute, forc'd them retreat
into the town. In this skirmish, Major-
General Lambert received a sUght hurt;
Captain Gladman, Captain Fenis, and
some others of curs, wounded ; divers of
theirs killed, and some taken. A party of
the countrey, of above five hundred, were
gathered together on the hill near this
town, but routed by Major Haynes. This
morning, about four of the clock, fifteen
hundred of the enemies best horse, com-
manded by Major-General Montgomery,
being many of them drunk, had engaged
to the prince, who came to Edenburgh the
other night, that they would bring him,
the Lord General Cromwell, alive or dead, —
gave an alarm to the army, and came up
to Muscleborough, under the notion of
friends ; but being discovered, they were
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 241
encoiintred with and routed, so that not
one hundred of them got back to Eden-
burgh. There was above forty slain ; Co-
lonel Straughan, a heutenant-cctlonel, a
major, a captain, a Heu tenant, and divers
other officers, and many soldiers, slain,
whose bodies lay scattered all the way be-
tween this and Edenburgh. Major-Gene-
ral Montgomery was slain in the pursuit.
MUSCLEBOROUGH, 31 Juli/, l650.
<^
242 RELATION OF
Besides what is contained in the Lord Gene^
ral's Letter to the Councel of State, and
those other herewith printed, there are se-
veral other material circumstances in other
Letters, which were also read iti the Par-
liament, for hrevitifs sake extracted, and
are as followeth :
A letter from Sir Arthur Hesilrige, from
Newcastle, the third of August, assures
us, —
The ships, with provisions from London,
went by Tinmouth-castle for I^eith, upon
Friday the second of August, about five of
the clock in the morning, having a very
good wind.
In a letter from Muscleborough, of the
30 of July, from a colonel of the army, as
followeth : —
The Lord hath been pleased to manifest
his presence and owning of us, and witnes-
The campaign in Scotland. 243
sed that we are not a people forsaken ; but
he doth declare that our cause is that
wherein his name and glory is concerned ;
and that the Lord doth own us, is matter
to me of the greatest rejoycing.
Monday, the nineteenth of July, we
drew near to the enemy, and possest our-
selves of a convenient hill, where the ene-
my lay, on that side of Edinburgh that
goes to Leith, having drawn a line from
that city to Leith, strongly fortified. Our
design in marching so near was to provoke
the enemy to fight ; but God took away
their courage, and they suffered us to take
our ground without opposition, where we
intended to hght, in case they durst draw
forth, which they did not, though both
armies fac'd each other. We lay all night
in the field (which proved extreme wet) ;
yet the Lord gave our men great courage
and contentedness with their hardship,
which indeed was a choyce mercy, consi-
dering what want of provision our men
had. The countrey not aflbrding relief*
244 RELATION OF
and the ships from London not come to
us : but God su})plyed all, by givmg the
army quietness vuider all their straits.
The two blows given by our army to the
enemy on Tuesday and Wednesday, hath
strook so nmch terror into them, that I do
not think they will be able to keep toge-
ther.
In a letter from Mr Owen to the Lord
Commissioner Lisle : — -
I dare not write the particulars of the
fight, being assured that you have it from
better hands : the issue, that they were re-
pulsed by an handful, and a hundred and
eighty taken prisoners; amongst them,
Straughan's major, himself reported to be
slain ; the whole party pursued to their
works : four ministers came out with them,
but being not known, received the lot of
war, three of them killed, and one taken.
This was the party they most relyed up-
on, as being especially consecrated by the^
kirk to this service.
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 245
Their ministers told the people before
our army came, that they should not need
to strike one stroke, but stand still, and
they should see the sectaries destroyed.
In another letter from Mr Downing, of
the first of August : —
Some of the prisoners told me, that War-
riston, Sir John Chiesley, Broudy, and Jeof-
fryes, two of their ministers, and late com-
missioners to their king in Holland, were to
charge in the head of the kirk regiment.
Straughan, by all probability, is killed ;
not onely by the description of his person,
which they give that killed him, but also
of his clothes, and by his pistol and sword,
which are taken ; by all which, both we
and our prisoners do conclude him to be
Straughan : after he was dismounted, he
refused quarter, strook at one with his
sw^ord, and discharged his pistol, whereup-
on they killed him ; but he being one of
the last men that was killed, and close by
their line, they recovered his body. Lieu-
246 RELATION OF
tenant Griffith was upon the charge, and
made a speech at the head of his troop,
to encourage them before they fell on ; his
horse that he charged upon is taken, and
he thought to be killed.
Dated MuscLEBOROUGH, August }, 1650.
That the fifteen troops which came out
of Edinburgh, were the choicest of the
enemies horse, and pickt troops, whereon
was most depend ance; amongst which were
many English cavaliers ; that these and
Major Slraughan (as the prisoners say) had
engaged to the prince to bring the Lord
General C'romwel to him dead or alive.
The prince gave to each of the troopers
two shillings to drink; that MajorStraughan
desired the command of this party ; but
that being not thought fit, Major-General
Montgomery was appointed to it, and
Straughan to bring up the rere.
That this party went near sixteen miles
about, to get their best opportunity for
falhng on ; and after some of Colonel Lil-
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 247
burn's men had first taken the alarm, two
of the enemies came up as friends (being
English), and said it was false : whereupon
ours dismounted ; and so the enemy came
on immediately; yet did little prejudice,
onely Colonel Lilburn's cornet killed, and
two or three others hurt.
That the enemy being routed (and com-
ing by Colonel Bright's regiment of foot),
had so great a volley from them, that
many fell from their horses ; one corporal's
leg taken otf, and three horses killed, with
one of the great guns of that regiment.
Our men so scattered the enemy, that
some of them were taken that night in
Muscleborough town (being our head-
quarters), besides the pursuit of them for
four miles. Our dragoons, quartering that
night within a mile of Edinburgh, met, and
killed divers of them at their return. One
of them, who was killed, was heard by our
men, upon his last gasp, to say, Damme, I'll
go to my king!
3
TRUE
RELATION
OF THE
DAILY PROCEEDINGS
AND
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ARMY
IN
SCOTLAND,
UNDER HIS EXCELLENCY
THE LORD-GEN. CROMWELL.
CERTIFIED
BY LETTERS
FROM THE HEAD-QUARTERS AT STONEHILL, IN SCOTLAND,
AUG. 23.
AND PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY E. G. IN TUE OLD BAILY — 1650,
Sir,
In mj last, I told you of our march-
ing backe to Musleborough ; where we
slayd Thursday night, Friday, and Satur-
day, taking in provisions ; and on Sunday,
the 17, marched backe to our old quarters
on Pentland Hills.
Whilst we stayd at Musleborough fields,
orders were given for the possessing and
fortifying of two houses ; one belonging
to Mr Hamilton, who, with his man, were
guides to that party that fell so desperately
into our quarters in Musleborough, and
both kild on each side the house. The
other was a frontier to Dalkeith, and an-
other garrison, formerly kept by our dra-
goons, neere Edenborough (but quitted.)
The former (being neer the waterside) is
intended as a magazine for provisions for
the army ; in it there are 140 foot, com-
252 RELATION or
manded by Cap. Hughes, one of Col. Fen-
wicke's captaines, and forty horse, under
Lieut. Wilkinson, of Col. Lilburn's regi-
ment, and twenty dragoons ; and the lat-
ter, to secure the passages betweene the
garrison and the army, it being in the
midway betweene both, in it there is a
party commanded by Cap. Webb, of Col.
Mallivere's regiment. We had intelligence
of the killing two of our foot souldiers that
went to seek provisions in the country, be-
sides one of Col. Daniel's, that was kild
by some of the enemies horse, adventring
too far into their quarters towards Eden-
burgh, when the army was encamp t on
Pencland Hills.
In the armies march from about Musle-
borough to Pencland Hills, the enemy drew
out severall bodies of horse, which faced
us in the way, but came to no engage-
ment ; they also fired at our men out of
severall houses which they had garisoned
in the way. At his excellencies comming
up on the hils, he sent two troopes of dra-
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 253
goons lo possesse Coll in Ion-house, which is
a very strong house, within halfe a mile of
Red house (a garrison of the enemies), which
annoyed our men upon their former march
thither.
A Serjeant of Col. Coxe*s regiment was
executed on a gallows on Pencland Ilils,
though there was no tree to hang him on,
for being present with some souldiers of
that regiment, when they plundered a
house, and himselfe took away a cloke :
and so tender is his lordship of any injury
to be done to the country, that he renders
sood for evil. There were three souldiers
condemned with him ; but his excellencies
mercy was extended towards them, and a
pardon brought them immediately after the
execution of the other.
In the meane time, severall great bodies
of the enemies horse, to the number of
2 or 3000, were drawn out on the west
side of Edenburgh, betweene the river
Leith and the sea ; and having an advan-
tage of a passe over the river (which they
254 RELATION OP
supposed our designe was to lake), severaH
parlies of tlieirs came and pickered in the
sight of our army ; but, upon the drawing
up of our parlies, retreated back. His ex-
cellency, in person, drew out a forlorn, and
went before them ; when he came neer
them, one of them fired a carbine ; upon
which his Excellency called to him, and
said, If he had been one of his souldiers,
he would have cashierd him for firing at
such a distance ; whereupon he that fired,
having formerly served L. G. Lesly, com-
ming up, told him, he was Cromwell him-
selfe, and that he had seen him in York-*
shire with his master.
There are 39 of the runawaies that went
from the army brought prisoners by sea
from Bar wick, where they were apprehend-
ed by Col. Fenwick, the governor: more
are coming, and some of them will be
made exemplary ; 2? of those already
brought, were, Monday, Aug. 9> condemn-
ed at a court-martial.
Divers women and others got away by
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 255
night from Leith by land and water, and
steal back into the country ; by which we
perceive they are in some straights for
want of provision. We wonder to see such
a false relation printed, as goes under the
name of one Mr Brooke's, at the An-
gel, in Cornhill, numb, 3, wherein he re-
lates the taking of Leith : which if it were
done, our work were soon at an end ; it
being the most considerable place, and
the onely considerable port-town in Scot-
land. Certainly none in the army would
mention such a fiction, when we see the
enemy in it every day. Tuesday, Aug. 20.
There was a parley between Maj. Gen.
Lambert and other officers of ours, and
Col. Strauo;han and others of the enemies
army: Much was said to convince each
other, but it amounted to nothing.
Lieut. Gen. Lesley's trumpeter came
with a letter and declaration of their king's
(as they call it), which he hath now sub-
scribed ; but It was drawn up by the kirk.
x
%S^ RELATION 01'
The effect was, in confessing his father's
and his own guilt in the late war ; and
promising, for the future, to doe nothing
but by the advice of the kirke and state.
There is also a sheet of paper, entitled, " A
supplication of the officers of the army to
the committee of estates, to purge the
army and courts of malignants, without
respect of persons ; and the committee's
thanks to them, and promise to doe it."
This day the enemy drew their whole
army, horse and foot, out of Leith ; they
gave them out to be 30,000 ; they left a
regiment of horse, and 1000 commanded
foot, in it. 1 he king was then at Dum-
ferling, with a life-guard of horse, and two
or three companies of foot ; but when we
expected an engagement, they retreated
back to Leith. Our army is begun to in-
tre ch on Pen eland Hils.
Wednesday, August 21. A counsel was
called, of all the field officers and captains.
The business was, to relate what transac-
THE CAMPAIGN IK SCOTLAND. 257
tions had been ; and how the Scots, havino-
combined with their king, and scornefully
sent his declaration, before any thing could
be offered farther in an amicable way, to
prevent the misery of what must follow by
force, or that we should doe our utmost
endeavours to reduce them, using all
meanes which an invading enemy will doe
one against another : and as they were
speaking every man his heart, whereby
there mioht be a knowledge how it was
with them, there came an alarum that the
enemy was drawne out severall waies to-
wards Sterling, towards the provisions.
There was pickering neere Collington-house
with the dragoones ; and the enemy had a
captaine of theirs slaine, and two prisoners.
The enemy are reduced to such extremity
for want of provisions, that they must
move one way or other ; and I doubt not
but God will fdl this hippocriticall genera-
tion, with whom we have to deale, with
their own waies.
R
258 RELATION, &C.
This night a party of horse and foot are
drawne out upon a considerable designe ;
of which more by the next.
Stoneh ill-Garrison, Aug,23j 1650.
SEVERALL
LETTERS
FROM
SCOTLAND,
RELATING THE
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ARMY THERE.
SEAD IN PARLIAMENT THE SIXTH DAY OF SEPTEMBER,
ONE THOUSAND SIX HUNDRED AND FIFTY.
IMPRIMATUR,
HEN. SCOBELL, CLERIC. PARLIAMENTI.
PRINTED AT LONDON FOR ROBERT IBBITSON^
DWELLING IN SMITHFIELD, NEER HOSIER-LANE, 1650.
LETTER
FROM THE
LORD GENERALL
A MEMBER OF THE COUNCELL OF STATE.
Sir,
Since my last, we seeing the enemy
not willing to engage, and yet very apt to
take exceptions against speeches of that
kind, spoken in our army, which occasion-
ed some of them to come to parley with
our officers, to let them know that they
would fight us, they lying still in, or neer
262 RELATION OF
their fastnesse, on the west side of Eden-
burgh ; we resolved (the Lord assisting),
to draw neer to them once more, to try if
we could fight them ; and indeed, one
hour's advantage gained, might probably
(we think) have given us an opportunity ;
to which purpose, upon Tuesday, the 27
instant, we marched westward of Eden-
burgh towards Sterling ; which the enemy
perceiving, marched with as great expedi-
tion as was possible to prevent us ; and the
vanguards of both the armies came to skir-
mish upon a place, where bogges and
passes made the accesse of each army to
the other difficult. We being ignorant of
the place, drew up, hoping to have enga-
ged ; but found no way feazable by reason
of the bogs and other difficulties.
We drew up our cannon, and did that
day discharge two or three hundred great
shot upon them ; a considerable number
they likewise returned to us; and this was
all that passed from each to other ; where-
in we had neere twenty killed and wound-
4
THE CAMPAIGI^ IN SCOTLAND. 263
ed, but not one commissioned officer. The
enemy, as we arc informed, had about
fourscore kild, and some considerable offi-
cers. Seeing they would keep their ground,
from which we could not remove them,
and our bread being spent, we were neces-
sitated to go for a new supply ; and so
marched off about ten or eleven o'clock on
AVcdnesday morning. The enemy percei-
ving it, and, as we conceive, fearing we
might interpose between them and Eden-
burgh, though it was not our intention, al-
beit it seemed so by our march, retreat-
ed back again with all haste, having a
bogge and passes between them and us.
There beino; no considerable action, sa-
ving the skirmishing of the van of our
horse with theirs, neere to Edenburgh,
without any losse to either part consi-
derable, saving that we got two or three
of their horses.
That night we quartered within a mile of
Edenburgh, and of the enemy. It was a
most tempestuous night and wet morning.
26*4 RELATION OF
The enemy marched in the night between
Leith and Edenbmgh, to interpose be-
tween us and our victuall, they knowing
that it was spent (but the Lord, in mercy,
prevented it) ; which we perceiving in the
morning, got time enough, through the
goodnesse of the Lord, to the sea-side to
revictuall ; the enemy being drawn up up-
on the liill neer Arthur s Seat, looking up-
on us, but not attempting any thing. And
thus you have an account of the present
occurrences.
Your most humble servant,
O. Cromwell.
MuscLEnoROVGU, 31 August, l650.
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 265
A Letter from a Collonell of the Army, to a
Member of the Councell of State: —
Deare Sir,
Since my last, we have againe
twice attempted to ingage the Scots army.
Upon Tuesday last, we marched Avith an
endeavour to interpose betwixt Edenburgb
and Sterling, and by that necessitate the
enemy to fight ; and accordingly wee ad-
vanced with our whole army, but they be-
ing in view of us (only a river parting),
discerned by our march what we designed,
and so hastened their march, untill they
came to a passe neare us, and drew up in
battalia ; wx did the like ; all being confi-
dent we should, within a quarter of an
houre, have an ingagement, and, as we
judged, could not be prevented, the ground
appearing equally good on both sides.
^66 RELATION OF
The word given out was, " Rise, Lord !" the
body of foot advancing within lesse than
twice musket-shot; and then was discovered
sucli a bog on both our wings of horse, that
it was impossible to passe over. Thus, by
this very unexpected hand of Providence,
were we prevented, and only had liberty to
play with our cannon that evening and
part of the next morning, which did good
execution, as we believe, upon them. We
had very strange and remarkeable deliver-
ances from theirs, though they played very
hard upon us, and that with such art ; but
the Lord suffered them not to do us much
hurt ; we had not slaine and wounded
above five-and-twcnty men. We finding it
not possible to ingage them, and far from
our provisions, divers of our men having
cast away their bisket, with their tents, out
of a confidence they should then fight ;
we therefore resolved upon our march
back to the sea-side ; the enemy likewise
hastened towards Edenburgh. We did be-
lieve their design was to gain a passe or
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 26?
two, and so interpose betwixt us and our
provisions, which thcj might easily have
done, being before us ; but the Lord gave
them not courage to do it. We found
them drawne up near Edenburgh, by Ar-
thur's Hill, and not at all interrupted our
march ; but not Ions; after we o-ot over the
passe, they, instead of offering to advance
upon us, retreated behind one of their ga-
risons, and so marched on that side of the
passe. We came over up towards those
hills we left.
So we finding an impossibility in our
forcing them to fight, the passes being so
many and great, that as soone as we got
on one side, they go over on the other ;
that the councel yesterday was very unani-
mous on this, that it was to no purpose
further to march after them, but inclined
generally to fall upon garisoning of Dun-
barre, and other considerable places nearer
Tweed ; and, after one garison compleat-
ed (if we have no better complyance), to
proceed to some more severe course than
268 RELATION OF
hath bhi yet taken. I know many among
you will thinke it strange we have done no
more against them : I wish they may eye
the Lord, and not man. We have this sa-
tisfaction, there is no meanes left unat-
tempted by us ; we have done our utmost ;
and the Lord therein gives us comfort;
besides many remarkable testimonies of
His presence.
Of late, we have understood those who
have the name of honesty among them,
begin to be better satisfied, and more desir-
ous of an agreement. They are not so of
a peece as they were, but their disaffection
about the king, and other divisions, in-
crease. They see themselves in a snare,
and would gladly many of them get out ;
We are assured their honest men will not
long hold in with them. The Lord, I doubt
not, but one way or other, will very emi-
nently appear with us, is the prayer of your
affectionate humble servant,
C.F.
MuscLEBORouGH, 31 August, l650.
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 269
Another Letter from the Army.
SlE,
Having taken Redhall, Monday the
26 instant, wee advanced from Penckland
Hills, about two miles to the water of
Leith ; and the next day we marched on,
resolving (if possible) to engage the enemy,
who were drawne up that morning in bat-
talia, as if they intended to have stood us ;
but as they observed us wheeling to the
westward, to come upon them, they remo-
ved from their ground, and gained a passe,
where there was a boggy ground of each
side. Our men were drawn on with all
possible speed, not knowing the ground to
bee such, and were in a short time set in
order. Never more resolution and wil-
lingnesse knowne to have engaged an ene-
my then was in our men at that time ; but
when we should have fallen on, neither
wing was able to come at them ; and then
270 RELATION OF
we perceived, that, notwithstanding all their
bravadoes the day before by Sir Jo. Browne,
by whom they sent us word they were re-
solved to give us a faire meeting ; yet their
haste towards us was not to engage us, but
to stop us from comming at them. Wee
stood in battalia that afternoone and next
morning ; the cannons playing hotly on
both sides ; and though we were much the
fairer mark, standing upon the pitch of a
rising ground, yet it pleased God our losse
was much the lesse ; we had onely about
foure that dyed upon the place, and about
18 or 19 wounded; and of the enemy
about 100 wounded and killed ; one Col.
Mennes, and a captain, and a lieutenant of
horse, and an ensigne, killed of theirs. We
have lost, since our comming into Scot-
land, by the enemy, onely one commission
officer, viz. Col. Lilburne's cornet, who was
killed at the charge at Muscleborough.
There was several strange shot ; one was at
Major Hobson's troopes, which was drawne
close together to prayer; and just as the
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 271
Amen was said, there came in a great shot
anions; them, and touched neither horse
nor man. The next morning, having but
two dayes provision left, and seeing we
could not in that place engage them, we
drew back to our old quarters on Penck-
land Hills ; and the enemy drew between
Edcnburgh and Lcith, as if they would
that night have attempted our garrisons
on the east side of Edenburgh, and have
interposed between us and our bread and
cheese. The 29 instant we marched to the
eastward of Edenburgh ; and seeing the
enemy drawn up from Arthur's Hill to tlie
sea-side, wc possessed ourselves of the next
ground to them, within cannon-shot, re-
solvino; there to have endeavoured to en-
gage them ; but they very gallantly drew
away between Arthur's Hill and Craigmil-
ler, a garison of theirs. Our cannons some
of them reaching them, and doing, as we
understand, notable execution upon them.
Thus, from time to time, they avoyded
lighting ; neither is it possible, as long as
272 RELATION, &C.
they are thus minded, to iiigage thetn ; so
that to follow them up and down, is but
to loose time and weaken ourselves. Me-
thinks this people deale with my lorde as
did the Irish army ; so that as his worke
was to take in garisons, ours, its humbly
conceived, wil be to make a considerable
garison or two, and spoiling what of their
country we cannot get under our power.
I suppose you wil have a full account
hereof. This day we march. I think if
ever there was an unworthy jugling, which
the Lord will witnesse against, its among
those with whom we have to do. Straughan,
at a conference since my last, being asked
seriously by one what he thought of their
king ; and whether he conceived him any
whit the better since his signing the late
declaration ? rephed, that he thought him
as wicked as ever ; and designing both their
and our destruction ; and that of the two,
he thou2;ht his hatred towards them was the
more implacable.
Your honor's humble servant,
G. D.
MUSCLEBOEOUGH, 31 Aug, l650.
A TRUE
RELATION
OF
THE ROUTING THE SCOTISH ARMY,
NEAR DUNBAR, SEPT. 3, INSTANT;
THE PARTICULARS OF THE FIGHT,
NUMBERS SLAIN, AND PRIZE TAKEN ;
WITH
AN EXACT LIST OF THE NAMES OF THE PRISONERS.
CERTIFIED
BY LETTERS
FROM THE HEAD-QUARTERS OF THE ARMY, SEPT. 4.
ALSO,
THE LORD GENERAL'S PROCLAMATION
CONCERNING THE PRISONERS AND WOUNDED MEN LEFT IN THE FIELD.
IMPRIMATUR, JOH. RUSHWORTH.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY JOHN FIELD, SEPT. 9, 1650,
A
TRUE RELATION
OF THE
ROUTING THE SCOTISH ARMY
NEAR DUNBAR,
Sep. 3, instant.
Sir,
On Saturday, August 31, the army
marched to Haddington, where, in the
night-time, the enemy attempted, with a
party of mounted musketiers, to come
near the town-walls, and there made a vol-
ley of shot, which our men permitted, un-
til they had received them within shot;
276 RELATION OF
and then our foot, being of Colonel Fair-
fax's regiment, and himself leading them
up, fired, and sent them back in a full ca-
reer ; we lost not one man : Captain White,
of Colonel Fleetwood's regiment* had his
horse shot under him, and himself bruised.
The enemy left two dead behinde them,
besides what was hurt.
On Sunday, Sep. i, the general march-
ed the army to Dunbar; the enemy march'd
about two miles distant in the rear; his
excellency drew out the army into the
field, close by the town, and the enemy
fianckt us upon the hills on the right hand,
where they lay all night within a mile of
our army. They sent a party to possess
the pass at Copperspeth, to cut off corres-
pondency betwixt us and Berwick.
All Monday, Septemb. 2, our men stood
in battalia in the field ; Ave could not go
up to engage the enemy b^^ reason of the
hills, nor would they come down to give
us battle ; but that night it pleased the
Lord wonderfully to look upon us, not
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 277
onely in a happy deliverance, but a singu-
lar and glorious victory : A party of ours
advancing to gain the wind of the enemy,
were discovered by a party of theirs who
came to alarm us ; but notwithstanding
(through the Lord's great mercy), after
above an hour's dispute at the pass, upon
the broadwav between Dunbar and Ber-
wick, our men obtained their end, possess-
ed the pass, whereby w-e might with ease
come over with our army ; which was pro-
secuted so eftectually, that about break of
the day on Tuesday morning, both armies
were engaged ; our horse and foot char-
ged them so resolutely upon a steep hill,
that they stood onely two shocks, and soon
left their train ; the foot threw down their
arms ; and both horse and foot ran several
ways ; some towards Copperspeth, but the
greatest part towards Edenburgh ; w^e pur-
sued them as far as Haddington, killing
and wounding them all the way. There
were above 4000 slain upon the place, and
in the pursuit about 10,000 taken prison-
578 RELATION" OF
ers, most of wliicli are wounded ; many
of note and quality taken ; the Lord Li-
ber ton, Lieu tenant-General Lumsden, and
many more ; of whose names, and the
names of the officers of note taken, a list
is enclosed, as was given in to the marshal-
general ; there are more brouglit in hourly.
Their word was, For the Covenant of Faith;
ours, Tlie Lord of Hosts : and indeed this
is the Lord of Hosts his own doings, and it
is marvellous in our eyes ; the Lord of
Hosts was above the Covenant. We took all
their <rain, being 32 pieces of ordnance,
small, great, and leather guns ; all their
foot colours, besides horse ; there are al-
ready brought in near 200 colours, horse
and foot; all their arms, tents, bag and
baggage. This is a just judgment upon i
the enemy, who, the day bcibre, having
taken about 30 of Col. Pride's men, who
being to possess a house between our army
and theirs, and not seconded by those ap-
pointed to bring them off; the enemy kill-
ed three of them, and wounded all the rest
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 279
after quarter given. The lord-generars re-
giment of foot this day led the van, and
charged the enemy with much resolution,
and were seconded by Colonel Pride s men,
who were even with some of them for
their cruel usage to their fellow-soldiers
the day before ; we lost not forty men in
the Avhole engagement, and no officer that
I can hear of but Major Rooksby, who
dyed of his wounds the next day ; Captain
Lloyd, of Lieutenant-General Fleetwood's
regiment, sorely wounded ; Major-General
Whaley had his horse shot under him the
first charge, himself slightly wounded ; his
regiment charged through the enemies
whole army, and back again, with little
loss : Major Straughan was in this fight,
and charged desperately ; Lieutenant-Ge-
neral Lesley's servant Avas taken. There
were of note of the enemies killed, that
we already hear of. Colonel Gilbert Kerr,
Colonel Gray (formerly an adjutant-gene-
ral in our army), and Lieutenant-Colonel
Croxon. We took from all their foot short
280 RELATION OF
skeans and long knives (such as the Irish
use) to stab a man when they come within
him.
Dunbar, Septemh. 4, 1650.
A List of the Scots taken Prisoners near
Dtmbar, Sept. S, 1650.
The Lord Liberton, Lieutc Gen. Sir James
Lumsden, lieut. gen. of horse, the Lord
Grandison, Sir John Brown, Colonel Sir
William Douglas, Colonel Gurdon, Lieut.-
Col. Walter Hamilton, Lieut.-Col. Wallis,
Lieut. Col. Lesley, Lieut. Col. Murray,
Lieut. Colonel Henry Mai win, Lieut. Col-
Forbus, Lieut. Col. Walthrop, of horse,
Lieut.-Col. Dunbarre, Lieut. Col. William
Hamilton, Lieut.-Col. Dundasse, Lieut.
Col. Alexander English, Lieut. Col. Cra-
ford.
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 281
MAJORS.
Henry Carmihi), James Cranston, of
horse, George Moat, George Forbus Re-
formado, William Jeremy, George Stew-
ard.
James Bickerton, adjutant-gen. of horse,
George Cample, scout-master-general.
Mr Gallespy, minister, Mr John Wangle,
minister, Mr Alex. JefFery, of the commit-
tee of estates, Mr Tho. JefFery, major of
Aberdeen.
CAPTAINS OF rOOT.
Belon, James Sterline, Francis Nue,
Agree, Sibbald, Alex. MontegrefF, George
Halliburton, Tho. Brown, Bonner, Wil-
liam Murray, James Scot, William Ruther-
ford, James Macubray, Hugh Montgome-
ry, James Aiken, George Smith, John Mac-
kihellan, Hugh Madole, George Pingle,
Robert Scot, Alexander Wood, Robert Ha-
milton, Tho. Gray, Robert Adamson, Ro-
bert Duncan, Robert Mancaula, Walter
282 RELATION OF
Scot, Matthew Cresbton, James Steward,
William Douglas, Walter Lesley, Wau^
chop, of horse, James Borthock, Daniel
Murray, John Murray, William Burton,
James Camil.
Capt. Roger Hamilton, Capt. Robert
Wood, Capt. Wilham Blayre, Capt. Rob.
Anderson.
LIEUTENANTS OF FOOT.
James Cunningham, James Blackwood,
Patrick Marnal, Henry Cunningham, Lan-
celot Car, John Macknight, John Hume,
John Gourdon, George Cunningham, Geo.
Weare, Henry Eston, Nicholas Cowston,
Alexander Steward, William Petre, Nor-
man Lesly, William Gladston, Robert Ha-
milton, Gen. Mackburn, Robert Strahan,
Richard Allen, James Mackbe}^, George
Disset, James Nichols, John Car, Thomas
Mennib, William Sims, Alexander Car,
James Twede, William Leich, James Suiers,
John Moor, Andrew Kenner, Baily, John
Rich, John Camel, William Knocks, Tho-
4
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 283
mas xlnderson, Lancaster Car, James Mon-
norgome, Tliomas Car, James Twede,
James Armer, James Smer, Andrew Ken-
ner, Jo. Camel, John Steward, Allen Os-
born, John AVilson, Walter Wanhop, Pa-
trick Warberton, William Ingles, Alexan-
der Gourdon, Samuel Gourdon, Lancaster
Harkenson, Robert Rankin, Cha. Cole-
mine, John Rawson, Andrew Guiler, Geo.
Totterson, Thomas Hutchen, John Emnes,
John Skew, John Hunter, John Markdou-
ghal, Andrew Drummon, George Moale,
Francis Scot, Alexander KifF, John Mark-
doughil, George Lesley, William Livery,
John Denant, William Elliot.
George Windram, cornet, Thomas Col-
lerwood, cornet, Patrick Lindsey, cornet,
Captain William Brisbon, of horse, Wil-
liam Cunningham, cornet, James Maxwel,
cornet, Jam. Denham, cornet, James Bruse,
lieut. of horse, John Magel, cornet, AValter
Steward, cornet, John Hay, cornet, Wil-
liam Danrimple, captain of foot. Captain
Charls Kerkpatrick, C. Nich. Lawson, Cor-
284 KELATION OF
net Ja. Magavile, Cornet John Brown, Cor-
net Alex. Michel.
QUARTERMASTERS OF HORSE.
Tho. Richinson, William Fabus.
ENSIGNS OF FOOT.
Kilpatrick, Walter Mac Doghal, Wil-
liam Sanckle, George Jack, Hartley Gud,
William Carnetuss, Thomas Wallis, An-
drew Myan, James Bennet, John Linsey,
Andrew Hanna, Thomas Pringle, Robert
Hamilton, James Delap, John Gunny,
John Edwards, Col. Camel, Heatly, Ro-
bert Ray, Gilbert Hurral, James Musket,
William Simple, Robert Ogleby, Robert
Williamson, WilHam Lesle}^, Ersbield
Shields, Robert Habern, William Scot,
James Edmaston, Robert Lawson, James
Newen, Andrew Bathick, George Elphen-
son, John Hindise, Henry Whittle, An-
drew Donnalson, David Kenede, John Ca-
mel, Dunkin Kemel, Cornelius Engles,
Patrick Calion, William Mawod, Henry
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 285
Kerkcbrik, Alex. Chalmers, George Crime,
James Rede, John Somervil, John Aben-
ille, John Clark, Alexander Breme, Wil-
liam Chapman, John Muckin, Alexander
Spence, John Mark, Thomas Thompson,
John Dixon, John Smith, Alexander John-
son, William Egger, David Grant, George
Guyle, John Wallis, John Kemen, Thomas
Anderson, James Brewse, William Mamb-
lan, James Carmihil, William Walsin, Wil-
liam Anderson, James Dunbarre, James
Calderwood, Hugh Bey, Thomas Bayde,
David Beed, Robert Craw, George Calley,
James Rutherford, W^alter Scot, Walter
Steward, Robert Henne, James Facquer,
James Marmath, Henry Ackman, John
Weare, John Brown-Lee, David Bisket,
George Hinderson, John Blacketter, Alex-
ander Michel, Alexander Baily, Robert
Wall wood, John Watson, William Greere,
John Crawford, William Wilson, John
Dunbar, Samuel Gurdon, John Munins,
John Cunningham, William Slaolm, Alex-
ander Guthery, John Hunter, Adam Luc-
286 RELATION OF
key, Andrew Mayrey, Robert Macktellon,
Robert Gerne, John Mackews, James Bro-
therston, William Gentry, Edward Sincler,
Andrew Brede, Robert Hunter, John Gray.
SERJEANTS.
Henry Muckerry, Alexander Sibbet, Gil-
bert Gray, James Ellis, Collin Gardner,
John Axenhead, John Hogg, William Wat-
son, John Mackwel, James Lyel, James
Coddel, John Morris, Adam Kerk, Cap-
tain Robert Rutherford ^ of foot, Captain
John Car, of foot.
The whole number of officers and private
soldiers taken, ten thousand.
Four thousand slain.
Thirty-two pieces of ordnance, of all
sorts.
Two hundred colours, horse and foot.
All their arms, tents, bag and baggage.
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 287
The Lord-GeneraVs Vroclamation concerning
the Wounded Men left in the Yield,
Forasmuch as I understand there are
several soldiers of the enemies army yet
abiding in the field, who, by reason of
their wounds, could not march from
thence : these are therefore to give notice
to the inhabitants of this nation, that they
may and have free liberty to repair to the
field aforesaid, and with their carts, or any
other peaceable way, to carry the said sol-
diers to such places as they shall think fit ;
provided they meddle not or take away
any the arms there ; and all officers and
soldiers are to take notice that the same is
permitted. Given vmder my hand at Dun-
bar.
O. Cromwell.
Sept. 4, 1650.
To be proclaimed by beat of drum.
LETTER
FROM
THE LORD GENERAL CROMWEL,
FROM
DUNBAR;
CONTAINING
A TRUE RELATION
OF THE
PROCEEDINGS OF THE PARLIAMENT ARMY
UNDER HIS COMMAND IN SCOTLAND ;
AND THE SUCCESS GOD WAS PLEASED TO GIVE THEM AGAINST THE
SCOTS ARMY, IN A BATTLE AT DUNBAR, SEPT. 3, 1 ti50.
TOGETHER WITH A LIST OF THE
SCOTISH OFFICERS THEN TAKEN.
DIE MARTIS, 10 SEPTEMBER, l650.
Ordered hy the Parliament, that the Lord General's Letter, with the
List of Names therewith sent, be forthwith printed and published.
Hen. Scobell, Cleric. Parliamenti.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY EDWARD HUSBAND AND JOHN FIELD,
PRINTERS TO THE PARLIAMENT OF ENGLAWD.
1650.
FOR THE IION^OUABLE
WILLIAM LEUTHAL, Esq.
SPEAKER OF THE PARLIAMENT OF ENGLAND.
Sir,
I HOPE it is not ill taken, that I make
no more frequent addresses to the parlia-
ment ; things that are of trouble, in point
of provision for your army, and of ordina-
ry direction, I have, as 1 could, often pre-
sented to the councel of state, together
with such occurrences as have happened ;
who, I am sure, as they have not been
wanting in their extraordinary care and
provision for us, so neither, what they
judge fit and necessary, to represent the
same to you ; and this I thought to be a
292 RELATION OF
sufficient discharge of my duty on that be-
half.
It hath now pleased God to bestow a
mercy upon you, worthy your knowledge,
and of the utmost praise and thanks of all
that fear and love His name ; yea, the
mercy is far above all praise, which, that
you may the better perceive, I shall take the
boldness to tender unto you some circum-
stances accompanying this great business,
which will manifest the greatness and sea-
sonableness of this mercy. We having
tryed what we could to engage the enemy
three or four miles west of Edinburgh ;
that proving ineffectual, and our victual
failing, we marched towards our ships for a
recruit of our wants ; the enemy did not
at all trouble us in our rear, but marched
the direct way towards Edinburgh, and
partly in the night and morning, slips
through his whole army, and quarters him-
self in a posture easie to interpose be-
tween us and our victual ; but the Lord
made him lose the opportunity ; and the
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 293
morning proving exceeding wet and dark,
we recovered, by that time it was light, in-
to a ground where they could not hinder
us from our victual ; which was a high act
of the Lord's providence to us. We being
come into the said ground, the enemy
marched into the ground we were last up-
on ; having no mind either to strive to in-
terpose between us and our victual, or to
fight ; being indeed upon this lock, hoping
that the sickness of your army would ren-
der their work more easie by the gaining
of time; whereupon we marched to Mus-
cleburgh to victual, and to ship away our
sick men, Avhere we sent al)oard near five
hundred sick and wounded soldiers : And,
upon serious consideration, finding our
weakness so to increase, and the enem}^ ly-
ing upon his advantages, at a general coun-
cel it was thought fit to march to Dunbar,
and there to fortifie the town, which, we
thought, if any thing, would provoke them
to engage ; as also, the having a garrison
there, would furnish us with accommoda-
294 RELATION OF
tion for our sick men ; would be a place
for a good magazin (which we exceedingly
wanted), being put to depend upon the
uncertainty of weather for landing provi-
sions, which many times cannot be done^
though the being of the whole army lay
upon it ; all the coasts from Leith to Ber-
wick not having one good harbor ; as also
to lie more conveniently to receive our re-
cruits of horse and foot from Berwick.
Having these considerations, upon Satur-
day, the thirtieth of August, we marched
from Muscleburgh to Heddington, where,
by that time, we had got the van-brigade
of our horse, and our foot and train, into
their quarters ; the enemy was marched with
that exceeding expedition, that they fell
upon the rear-forlorn of our horse, and put
it in some disorder ; and indeed had like
to have engaged our rear brigade of horse
with their whole army, had not the Lord,
by his providence, put a cloud over the
moon, thereby giving us opportunity to
draw off those horse to the rest of the
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 295
army, which accordingly was done without
any loss, save of three or four of our afore-
mentioned forlorn, wherein the enemy (as
we believe) received more loss. The army
being put into a reasonable secure posture,
towards midnight the enemy attempted our
quarters on the west end of Heddington,
but (through the goodness of God) we re-
pulsed them. The next morning we drew
into an open field, on the south side of
Heddington ; we not judging it safe for us
to draw to the enemy upon his own ground,
he being prepossessed thereof, but rather
drew back to grive him wav to come to us,
if he had so thought fit ; and having wait-
ed about the space of four or five hours, to
see if he would come to us ; and not find-
ing any inclination in the enemy so to do,
we resolved to go, according to our first in-
tendment, to Dunbar. By that time we
had marched three or four miles, we saw
some bodies of the enemies horse draw out
of their quarters ; and by that time our
carriages were gotten neer Dunbar, their
296 RELATio?;r of
whole army was upon their march after
us ; and indeed, our drawing back in this
maner, with the addition of three new re-
giments added to them, did much heighten
their confidence, if not presumption and
arrogancy. The enemy, that night, we
perceived, gathered towards the hills, la-
boring to make a perfect interposition be-
tween us and Berwick ; and having, in this
posture, a great advantage, through his
better knowledg of the country, which he
effected, by sending a considerable party
to the strait pass at Copperspeth, where
ten men to hinder, are belter than forty to
make their way : and truly this was an
exigent to us ; wherewith the enemy re-
proached us with that condition the par-
liament's army was in, when it made its
hard conditions with the king in Cornwal.
By some reports that have come to us, they
had disposed of us, and of their busmess, in
sufficient revenge and wrath towards our
persons ; and had swallowed up the poor
interest of England, believing that their
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 2.97
army and their king would have march-
ed to London without any interruption;
it being told us, we know not how truly,
by a prisoner we took the night before the
fight, tliat their king was very suddenly to
come amongst them with those English they
allowed to be about him ; but in what they
were thus lifted up, the Lord was above
them.
The enemy lying in the posture before
mentioned, having those advantages, we
lay very neer him, being sensible of our
disadvantage, havins: some weakness of
flesh, but yet consolation and support from
the Lord himself, to our poor weak faith,
wherein, I beleeve, not a few amongst us
shared, that, because of their numbers, be-
cause of their advantages, because of their
confidence, because of our weakness, be-
cause of our strait, we were in the mount,
and in the mount the Lord would be seen,
and that he would finde out a way of de-
liverance and salvation for us ; and indeed
we had our consolations and our hopes.
298 RELATION OF
Upon Monday evening, the enemy, whose
numbers were very great, as we hear, about
six thousand horse, and sixteen thousand
foot, at least ; ours drawn down, as to
sound uien, to about seven thousand five
hundred foot, and three thousand five hun-
dred horse ; the enemy drew down to their
right wino; about two-thirds of their left
wing of horse, to the right wing shogging
also their foot and train much to the right,
causing their right wing of horse to edge
down towards the sea. We could not well
imagine, but that the enemy intended to
attempt upon us, or to place themselves in
a more exact condition of interposition.
Major-general and myself coming to the
earl of Roxburgh's house, and observing
this posture, I told him, I thought it did
give us an opportunity and advantage to at-
tempt upon the enemy; to which he imme-
diately replyed, that he had thought to have
said the same thing to me : so that it pleas-
ed the Lord to set this apprehension upon
both of our hearts at the same instant. We
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 299
called for Colonel Monk, and shewed him
the thing; and coming to our quarter at
night, and demonstrating our apprehen-
sions to some of the colonels, they also
chearfully concurred ; we resolved, there-
fore, to put our business into this posture,
that six regiments of horse, and three regi-
ments and an half of foot, should march
in the van ; and that the major-general,
the lieutenant-general of the horse, and
the commissary-general, and Col. Monk,
to command the brigade of foot, should
lead on the business ; and that Colonel
Pride's brigade. Colonel Overton's brigade,
and the remaining two regiments of horse,
should bring up the cannon and rere ; the
time of falling on to be by break of day ;
but, through some delays, it proved not to
be so till six a clock in the morning : The
enemies word was, The Covenant; which it
had been for divers days ; ours, The Lord
of Hosts. The major-general, Lieutenant-
General Fleetwood, and Commissary-Ge-
neral Whaley, and Colonel Twisletons,
300 RELATION OF
gave the onset ; the enemy being in very
good posture to receive them, having the
advantage of their cannon and foot against
our horse. Before our foot could come up,
the enemy made a gallant resistance, and
there was a very hot dispute at swords
point between our horse and theirs : Our
first foot, after they had discharged their
duty, being over-powered Avith the enemy,
received some repulse, which they soon re-
covered ; but my own regiment, under the
command of Lieutenant-Colonel Goff, and
my Major White, did come seasonably in ;
and, at the push of pike, did repel the
stoutest regiment the enemy had there,
meerly with the courage the Lord was
pleased to give ; which proved a great
amazement to the residue of their foot.
This being the first action between the
foot, the horse, in the mean time, did,
with a great deal of courage and spirit,
beat back all opposition, charging through
the bodies of the enemies horse and their
foot, who were, after the first repulse given,
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 301
made, by the Lord of Hosts, as stubble to
their swords. Indeed, 1 believe, 1 may
speak it without partiality, both your chief
commanders, and others, in their several
places, and soldiers also, were acted with
as much courage as ever hath been seen in
any action since this war. 1 know they
look on to be named ; and therefore I for-
bear particulars. The best of the enejnies
horse and foot being broken through and
through in less than an hour's dispute,
their whole army being put into confusion,
it became a total rout ; our men havmg the
chace and execution of them near eight
miles. We believe, that upon the place,
and near about it, were about three thou-
sand slain ; prisoners taken of their offi-
cers, you have this enclosed list ; of private
soldiers, near ten thousand ; the whole
baggage and train taken ; wherein was
good store of match, powder, and bullet ;
all their artillery, great and small, thirty
guns ; we are confident they have left be-
hinde them not less than fifteen thousand
302 RELATION OF
arms. I have already brought into me
near two hundred colours, which 1 here-
with send you ; what officers of quahty of
theirs are killed, we yet cannot learn : but
yet surely divers are, and many men of
quality are mortally wounded ; as Colonel
Lumsdel, the Lord Liberton, and others ;
and that, which is no small addition, 1 do
not believe we have lost twenty men ; not
one commissioned officer slain that I hear
of, save one cornet, and Major Rooksby,
since dead of his wounds ; and not many
mortally wounded ; Colonel Whaley onely
cut in the hand-wrist, and his horse twice
shot and killed under him, but he well,
recovered another horse, and went on in
the chase. Thus you have the prospect of
one of the most signal mercies God hath
done for England and his people this war:
And now may it please you to give me
the leave of a few words ; it is easie to
say, the Lord hath done this ; it would do
you good to see and hear our poor foot go
up and down making their boast of God :
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 303
But, sir, it is in your hands, and by these
eminent mercies God puts it more into
your hands to give glory to Him ; to im-
prove your power and His blessings to His
praise. We that serve you, beg of you
not to own us, but God alone : Ave pray
you own His people more and more, for
they are the chariots and horsemen of Is-
rael : disown your selves, but own your
authority, and improve it, to curb the
proud and the insolent, such as would dis-
turb the tranquillity of England, though
under what specious pretences soever ; re-
lieve the oppressed, hear the groans of
poor prisoners in England ; be pleased to
reform the abuses of all professions ; and
if there be any one that makes many poor
to make a few rich, that suits not a com-
monwealth. If He, that strengthens your
servants to fight, pleases to give you hearts
to set upon these things, in order to His glo-
ry, and the glory of your commonwealth,
besides the benefit of England shall feel
thereby, you shall shine forth to other na-
304 llELATION OF
tions, who shall emulate the glory of such
a patern, and, through the power of God,
turn in to the like. These are our desires ;
and, that you may have liberty and op-
portunity to do these things, and not be
hindred, we have been, and shall be (by
God's assistance) willing to venture our
lives, and not desire you should be preci-
pitated by importunities from your care of
safety and preservation ; but that the do-
ing of these good things may have their
place amongst those which concern well
being, and so be wrought in their time and
order. Since we came into Scotland, it
hath been our desire and longing to have
avoided blood in this business, by reason
that God hath a people here fearing His
name, though deceived ; and to that end
have we oftbred much love unto such in
the bowels of Christ ; and concerning the
truth of our hearts therein, have we ap-
pealed unto the Lord. The ministers of
Scotland have hindred the passage of these
things to the hearts of those to whom we
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 305
intended them ; and now we hear, that not
onely the deceived people, but some of the
ministers, are also fallen in this battel.
This is the great hand of the Lord, and
worthy of the consideration of all those
who, taking into their hands the instru-
ments of a foolish shepherd, to wit, med-
dUng with worldly policies, and mixtures
of earthly power, to set up that which
they call the kingdom of Christ ; which is
neither it, nor, if it were it, would such
means be found effectual to that end, and
neglect, or trust not to the word of God,
the sword of the spirit, which is alone
powerful, and able for the setting up of
that kingdom ; and, when trusted to, will
be found effectually able to that end, and
wil also do it. This is humbly offred for
their sakes ; who, having lately too much
turned aside, that they might return again
to preach Jesus Christ, according to the
simplicity of the gospel ; and then, no
doubt, they will discern and finde your
protection and encouragement. Beseeching
u
306 RELATION OF
you to pardon this length, I humbly take
leave, and rest,
Sir,
Your most humble servant,
O. Cromwell.
DuNBARj September 4, 1650.
A List of such Prisoners taken at the Fight.
Sir James Lomsden, lieut -gen. of foot.
colonels.
Col. Sir Will. Douglas, Col. Will. Loms-
den, Colonel Gurdon.
LIEUTENANT-COLONELS.
Lieut. Col. Wallis, Lieut. Col. Lesley,
Lieut. Col. Murray, Lieut. Col. Henry
Malvin, L. Col. Arthur Eorbis, Lieut. Co-
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 30?
lonel Wanhap, of horse, Lieut. Col. Dun-
barre, Lieut. Col. Hamilton, Lieut. Col.
Crawford, Lieut. Col. Ingles, Lieut-Colo-
nel John Montgomery, James Bickerton,
adjutant-gen. of horse.
MAJORS.
Henry Carmihil, of foot, James Cranster,
of horse, George Moat, of foot, Will. Scrin-
ger, of foot, John Steward, of foot, George
Forbes, Reform ado. Moor, Oagle, Freesle.
CAPTAINS OF FOOT.
James Sterlyn, Francis Agnue, Sibbald,
Alex. Monpreff, George HolHburton, Tho.
Brown, William Murray, James Scott,
William Rudderford, James Macularoy,
Hugh Montgomery, James Aken, George
Smith, John Maclellan, Robert Mackel-
lum, Hugh Madole, George Pringle, Ro-
bert Scot, Alexander Wood, Robert Ha-
milton, Tho. Gray, Robert Adamson, Be-
ton.
308 RELATION or
CAPTAINS OF HORSE AND FOOT.
Robert Duncan, Robert MaccauUa, Wal-
ter Scot, Matthew Creshton, James Stew-
ard, William Douglas, Walter Lesley, Wil.
Manhop, of horse, James Borthick, David
Murray.
CAPTAINS OF HORSE.
John Murray, William Burton, James
Camil, William Bresbon, of horse, William
Daurlmple, Chads Kerkpatrick, Nicholas
Lawson, Robert Rudderford, John Car,
Dundass, Ogleby, Gourdon, Bonner, Lieut.
Bruse, lieutenant of horse.
CORNETS OF HORSE.
William Cunningham, James Maxwel,
James Denham, James Magil, Walter
Steward, John Hay, Anthony Macdoer,
John Brown, Alex. Michel, John Coller-
wood, George Winderum.
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 309
CAPTAINS-LIEUT. OF HORSE AND FOOT.
John Monnergain, William Emery, Wilr
liam Blayer, Robert Anderson, Roger Hoi-
den, Robert Wood.
LIEUTENANTS OF FOOT.
James Cunningliam, James Blackwood,
Patrick Macknab, Henry Cunningham,
Lancelot Car, John Macknight, John
Heume, John Gourdon, George Cunning-
ham, James Weare, Henry Eston, William
Gun, Nicholas Coslon, Alexander Steward,
Arthur Steward, William Petre, Norman
Lesley, William Bailey, William Gladston,
Robert Hamberton, Geo. Mackburney,
Robert Straughan, Richard Allen, James
Mackbey, George Bisset, James Nichols,
Thomas Mennis, William Sinnis, John Car,
Alexander Car, James Twede, Philip Leich,
James Armor, James Sayers, John Meer,
Andrew Pennere, Patrick Bailey, John Ca-
mil, John Rich, John Steward, John Ca-
mil, Allen Osborn, William Knocks, John
310 RELATION or
Wilson, Thomas Anderson, Walter Wan-
hap, Patrick flolliburton, Lancelot Car,
William Engley, Thomas Car, Alexander
Gourdon, Lancaster Forguson, Robert
Rankin, Cha. Coleman, John Lewson, An-
drew Guiler, George Patterson, Thomas
Hutchen, John Ennis, John Sken, John
Hunter, John Mackdoughal, Andrew Dru-
mon, George Lesley, George Moat, Francis
Scot, William Elliot, Alexander CifF, John
Denguit.
QUARTERMASTERS OF HORSE.
Tho. Richman, William Forbis.
ENSIGNS.
Kilpatrick, Walter Macdoughel, William
Sinclare, George Jack, Hartley Gadley,
William Carnecuse, Thomas AVallis, James
Rolston, Andrew Myn, James Bennet, John
Linsey, Andrew Hanna, Thomas Pringle,
Robert Hamilton, James Delop, John
Gray, James Edward, Collin Camel,
Heatley, Robert Roy, Gilbert Harral, James
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 311
Musket, William Sample, Robert Ogleby,
Robert Williamson, William Lesley, Ersby
Shields, Robert Haborn, William Scot, Ja.
Edminston, Robert Lawson, James Nei-
cen, Andrew Barthick, George Elphen-
ston, John Fairdise, Henry White, Andrew
Dunalson, David Camide, John Camil,
Cornelius Engles, Duncan Camil, Patrick
Canburn, William Mannord, Robert Craw,
George Calley, James Rudderford, Walter
Scot, Walter Steward, Robert Heume, Jas.
Forquer, James Macknath, Henry Ack-
man, John Wayer, John Brown, William
Chapman, John Macuo, Alexander Spence,
John Black, Thomas Thompson, Robert
Fryer, John Thompson, John Dixon, Geo.
Smith, Alexander Johnston, William Eg-
ger, David Grant, George Gayler, John
Wallis, John Kemmen, Thomas Ender-
son, James Brewse, William Maclan, John
Carmihil, William Watson, William Ander-
son, James Dunbar, James Elderwood,
Henry Roy, Thomas Boyd, David Reed,
FINIS.
THE
LORD GENERALL CROMWELL
HIS MARCH TO
STERLING:
BEIKG
A DIARY
OF ALL
PROCEEDINGS IN THE ARMY,
FROM THEIR MARCH OUT OF EDINBURGH^
TO THE 25th of SEPTEMBER, l650.
ALSO,
THE LORD GENERAL'S PROCLAMATION
IN RELATION TO
EDINBURGH AND LEITH.
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY E. G. IN THE OLD BAILEY— 1650.
The army having stayed in Edinburgh
and Leith for the space of six or seven
daies, both for their refreshment, and the
securing of those parts which his excellen-
cy thought fit to order, after so many dif-
ficulties endured by them, without any in-
termission.
On Saturday, Sept. 14, his excellency,
with the army (who had then seven daies
provisions with them), marched to Nether-
ish, about six miles from Edenburgh ; his
excellency returned that night to Leith,
leaving Major-Gen. Overton to be gover-
nor of Edenburgh, with Colonel Fairfax
and Col. Coxe's regiments, and Col. Da-
niel's regiment in Leith ; all these regi-
ments being of Major-Gen. Overton's bri-
gade.
Sunday, Sept. 15. The army marched
beyond Linlithgow towards Sterling ; but,
316 RELATION OF
by reason of the extraordinary raine and
storme, they were necessitated to retreat
backc to Linlithgow, where they quartered
all night.
Munday, Sept. 16. The army marched
towards Falkirk ; and being informed by
the way that there was a garrison kept, a
trumpet was sent to summon it ; answer
was returned, that they were all gentlemen
in the house, and were resolved all to die
than yield it ; but if Sterling were taken
or yielded, that should be given up ; that
they would offer no violence to any of our
army in their passing to and againe, but
such as carried themselves disorderly.
Tusday, Septemb. 17. We marcht from
Falkirk within a mile of Sterling ; where,
the weather being extraordinary wet and
stormy, the general was necessitated to
quarter in the church, there being no house
or accommodation for him.
Wednesday, Sept. 18. It rained very sore
till afternoon. In the forenoone there was
a councell of war ; and a letter was drawne
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 317
up, to be sent to Sterling, expressing their
constant affections to and tendernesse of
the people of Scotland, which yet had not
taken the desired effect ; and now, being
so far advanced with their army, that they
would take into consideration their former
papers, and that they would yield up that
place to the service of the commonwealth
of England. A trumpeter being sent with
this letter, a gentleman on foot, with a
pike in his hand, met him, and told him
he must return backe, for they would not
let him come in, or receive his letter. In
the afternoon e, came a trumpeter, about
the release of prisoners, desiring that they
might be releast upon ransome : To which
the Lord Generall writ an answer, that we
came not hither to make merchandize of
men, or to get a gain to ourselves, but for
the service and security of the common-
wealth of England.
About one of the clocke in the after-
noone, there were orders given for all the
foot, and likewise the horse, except three
318 RELATION OF
regiments, to march towards Sterling, in
order to a storme, ladders, and all things
that we could possibly expect, being pro-
vided for that purpose ; but, upon the re-
sult of the councell, for many consider-
ations, it was thought fit to retreate, and
draw off the army to quarter in the same
ground they had done before.
Thursday, Sept. 19- It being not held
advisable, by reason of several disadvanta-
ges, the strength of the towne, and enemy,
to engage at present against Sterling ; the
army drew from before Sterling, and march-
ed to Linlithgow, where his excellency
viewed the town.
Friday, Sept. 20. His excellency came
to Dundasse, where Generall Deane (who
came in the Faithful Speaker, and rode be-
fore Leith the Sunday before), met him ;
they both returned to Lithgoe.
Saturday, Sept. 21. This morning, his ex-
cellency went with General Deane, and
other officers, and an engineer, and viewed
the place round about Lithingoe, and gave
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 319
orders for scverall workes to bee made for
security of the place, and left Col. San-
derson and Major Mitchell with five troops
of horse, and six commanded companies
of foot, to secure it ; which will be a very
considerable frontier garrison, being in the
midway and heart of the countrey, be-
twecne Edenburgh and Steding. That
night, his excellency, and the rest of the
army, came into Edenburgh, w^here he
had intellio-ence of the death of the Lord
Libberton, who was wounded in the late
fight.
Sunday, Sept. 22. His excellency stayed
at Edenburgh. The castle have been very
quiet since our comming hither, onely dis-
charging some muskets at our guards as
they are relieved, and at our men, when
they see opportunity. They have not kill-
ed any of our men ; but one or two of
their own, walking the streets at Eden-
burgh. The last night they discharged
four pieces of ordnance, at the relieving
the guards, but did no hurt.
320 llELATION^ OF
Miinday, Sept. 23. The generall and of-
ficers kept a day of humiliation ; the same
night came in six Enghsh cavaUers from
the enemy ; who declare their being weary
of the court and camp ; and that there are
so many divisions in both, that they will
suddenly break to pieces.
This day the kirk appointed a day of hu-
miliation. First, to bcAvaile the sinnes of
their nation in general : Secondly, the sin
of their commissioners, in bringing over
their king so soon : Thirdly, for their ac-
ceptance of their king, before he had more
sufficiently repented him of his by past
sins : Fourthly, for their not purging their
army : Fifthly, for their too much trusting
in the arme of flesh. Wee understand Ge-
nerall Leven is gone to his owne house ;
Lieut. David Lesley is with the army neer
Sterling; Co. Straghan and Col. Gibby
Car are gone to raise forces about Glasco.
The committee of estates divided, some to
one place, and some in another ; one party
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 321
acting for the king's interest, the other for
the presbyterians.
Last Tuesday, Sept. 24. Nothing consi-
derable hapned ; onely some regiments of
foot were disposed into the country for in-
largement of quarters.
Edenburgh, Sept. lb, 1650,
A
PROCLAMATION
BY
HIS EXCELLENCY.
t
Whereas it hath pleased God, by his
gracious providence and goodnesse, to put
the city of Eden burgh, and the town of
Leith, under my power ; and although I
have put forth several proclamations, since
322 EELATION OF
my comming into this country, to the like
effect, with this present; yet, for further
satisfaction to all those whom it may con-
cern, I do hereby againe publish and de-
clare, that all the inhabitants of the coun-
trey (now not being, nor continuing in
arms), shal have free leave and liberty to
come to the army, and to the city and
town aforesaid, with their cattle, corn,
horse, or other commodities or goods what-
soever ; and shall there have free and open
markets for the same, and shall be protect-
ed in their persons and goods, m comming
and returning as aforesaid, from anv inju-
ry or violence of the souldiery, under my
command, and shall also be protected in
their respective houses. And the citizens
and inhabitants of the said city and towne,
shall (and hereby likewise) have free leave
to vend and sell their w^ares and commodi-
ties, and shall be protected from the plun-
der and violence of the souldiers : And I
do hereby require all officers and souldiers
of the army under my command, to take
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 323
due notice hereof, and to yeeld obedience
hereto, as they will answer the contrary at
their utmost perill. Given under my hand,
at Edenburgh, the 14th of September,
1650.
O. Cromwell.
To be proclaimed in Leith and Eden-
burgh, by sound of trumpet and beat of
drum.
LETTERS
FROM
THE HEAD-QUARTERS
OF
OUR ARMY
IN
SCOTLAND:
BEING A DIARY OF
ALL PROCEEDINGS IN THE ARMY,
TO OCTOBER 30, 1650;
AN ACCOUNT OF
COL. KERR AND STRAUGHAN'S OVERTURE
TO THE
LORD GENERALL CROMWELL,
ABOUT accommodation;
ALSO,
COMMISSIONERS FROM THEM, WITH A DECLARATION AGAINST THE
INTEREST OF THE SCOTS KING AND LORDS, &C.
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY E. G. IN THE OLD BAILEY — 1650.
Sir,
I cannot but continue my duty in ac-
quainting you wiiat passes here ; 1 sliall
be glad to hear from you, now we are hke
to stay here longer then expected.
My last told you of a letter to be sent
to Col. Kerr and Straughan from hence.
Satturday, the 26, the commissary-gen.
dispatcht away a trumpet with that letter,
as also, gave another to the sheriff of Cum-
berland, to be speeded away to M. John
Scot Bailiff, and B. brother to the lord of
Buccliew, for his demanding restitution
upon his tenants, the moss-troopers, for
the horses by them stolne the night we
quartered in their country ; since which
promises hath been made of restitution ;
and we doubt not to receive it very sud-
denly, or else to take satisfaction another
way ourselves.
328 RELATION OF
Sunday, the 27- The commissary, with
Col. Fitch, Col. Hacker, and divers officers
of the army, heard sermon in the cathedrall
at Carlisle ; where preached before them,
in the forenoon e, M. By water, the gover-
nour's chaplaine ; and in the afternoone,
an officer of our army.
Munday, 28. We had intelligence of some
of our messengers being taken, and their
letters intercepted : also, we were inform-
ed, that a yeelding to us was, in probabili-
ty, like to be shortly from some of their
grandees; who now better understand
themselves then formerly, and are ready to
listen to us, especially the good people of
the west of Scotland ; from whom, as also
from Kerr and Straughan, some gentlemen
are sent to treat with his excellency.
Tuesday, 29. Mr Caithnes came safe
hither in the evening, and the provost of
Dumfreeze with him (who was a major at
Dunbar fight, there taken, and now upon
his parole), came to renew it. Also, our
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 329
trumpeter, sent with the letter to Kerr and
Straughan, came in this night ; who in-
formes us of his kind entertainment at
Dumfreeze ; but their scouts bhnded him
for many miles up and downe the coun-
trey ; but Kerr was sent for post to give
answer to the letter, who promised to re-
turne it speedily by a messenger of his
owne. The enemy having left Dumfreeze,
expectating of our comming ; many of
their souldiers run away daily ; both horse,
foot, and dragoones, were ready for a
march ; and Thursday morning next w^e
were to have exchanged English for Scot-
tish ground ; but now (upon other grounds)
our desired march is suspended. Our
souldiers (not long since drooping and
sickly) are now most lively, well, and
cheerful, desirous of nothing more then
action : Of such vigour is a little English
refreshment, whereto some timely supplies
of monies would be a most comfortable
addition. This dav, Mr Cai times was dis-
330 RELATION OF
patcbt away, with other letters, to the head-
quarters ; which is all at present from
Your servant,
T. R
Carlisle, 30 Odob. 1650.
The letter sent Kerr and Straughan from
Carlisle, was as followeth : —
Gentlemen,
It is not unknown to you what
amicable and Christian wayes, both be-
fore and since our comming into Scotland,
and even after our never to be forgotten
victory, my lord generall, and the officers
about him, have taken, to avoid the effu-
sion of Christian bloud, but hitherto (to
our great griefe) God hath permitted all to
be ineffectual ; yet, knowing God can
change the hearts of men in a moment, it
troubles me not to be further solicitous ;
the union of God's people in both nations,
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 331
yea^ even throughout the whole world, be-
ing that which above any thing in the
earth we desire, its that which God hath
commanded, that which he hath promised,
that which we pray for, that which, with
confidence, we believe shall be, and that
which irtdefatigably, I hope, we shall en-
deavour. Those that are acquainted with
the secrets of God, doe clearly see, the
quarrell is betwixt Christ and the devill,
betwixt Christ's seede and the devill's.
Here it began, here it will end. The whore
of Babylon hath received her deadly
wound ; let the devill be her chirurgion :
Babylon is falling ; let not God's people
(to the losse of their outward man) stay in
it, much lesse labour to support it ; and
this ye are doing, though ignorantly : and
our prayers for you shall be, that the Lord
would forgive you, in that you know not
what you doe ; and that He would give
you a cleare sight of the great work He is
now, in these latter dayes, carrying on ;
332 RELATION OF
and then, I am sure, we shall not differ. I
shall say no more further, then to let you
know, that the armes of our Christian love
are still stretcht out ready to embrace
you, whenever God shall incline your
hearts to come in to us : When you shall
see (as already we have declared), we
seeke not for domination over you; we
seeke not to enslave you, nor the depress-
ing your kirk government ; we seeke not
your goods, nor estates, but to carry on
the worke of the Lord ; which, from our
very soules, we desire you may have a
joint share in. But if, after all this, God
shall still suffer your eyes to be blinded ;
as that seeing, you will not see ; and your
hearts to be hardned, as to persist in your
gaine saying and opposing the way of the
Lord, what ever further misery befalls your
nation, either through famine or sword, I
must plainly tell you, will lye heavy upon
you : and this before any attempt be made
upon you by these forces under my com-
mand, I thought myselfe obliged, in Chris-
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 333
tian duty, to acquaint you with. I rc-
maine,
Your servant,
E. M.
Carlisle^ Octob.Q,6, 1650.
By a speciall expresse from Edenburgh,
thus : —
Sir,
The myne intended to be sprung under
Edenburgh Castle goes on very well ; they
have now wrought 60 yards into it, and are
come to the hard rocke, so that a few
dayes (if there be not some unexpected in-
terruption) will produce the desired effect.
The two mortar-pieces being come from
Hull, I hope we shall goe to worke that
way. Major Browne hath, with a party of
horse, possessed a strong house, not farre
from Dalkeeth, called Dalhouz ; it was
suspected to have bin an harbour for those
villanous mosse troopers, who murdered
334 RELATION or
some of our men, that were either stragling
or going for provisions. They found ni it
50 nmskets, 50 pikes, foure barrels of
powder, and some store of provisions and
provender.
On Tuesday last, a lieutenant came with
some intimations from Col. Ker and Col.
Straughan, as to their resolution for a con-
ference ; they having already sent foure
commissioners, with a declaration, that
they will not own the interest of king and
lords ; and that, as to the executive part
of the kingly power, they did not think it
fit the king should be admitted to it, until
lie had given better satisfaction to their
kirke ; that his father was justly put to
death for his acts of tyranny, though there
might be some miscarriages in the way ;
that the commissioners and kirk had done
very ill in provoking the English, but that
the parliament were too much to blame to
send an army to make an invasion, to pro-
ceed to blond before they gave them warn-
ing. 'Jliey sent alsp a letter to the gene-
THE CAMPATGN^ IT^ SCOTLAND. 333
rail, with some queeries inclosed, concern-
ing what security or satisfaction was ex-
pected, and to whom it should be given,
&c.
From Saint Johnston's, we understand,
that the king's and ku'k's party are still at
variance ; that the royall party (having
notice from some of the kirk's, who de-
serted them, of the quarters of Sir Jo.
Broune's regiment), fell upon tliat regi-
ment, took six score horse and prisoners :
that thereupon L. G. David Lesley was
gone with four regiments of horse to fall
upon them ; and that Major-Gen. Mount-
gomery was gone with 800 horse to reduce
Straughan and that party to the obedience
of the kirk ; that the kirk had perswaded
the king to proclaime, that if those in the
hither parts of the north should not come
in within 15 daies, and the rest within 20
daies, and lay down their amies, that they
should be proceeded against as traytors
and enemies to him. The king's party in-
sist to have a free parliament, and that
336 RELATION, &C.
they may sit in parliament with the rest ;
the kirk say, none slial have any hand in
government that were engaged in Hamil-
ton's invasion. Our worke now is, to stand
still and see salvation wrought for us ; this
nation being destined for mine, which
makes them thus to divide amongst them-
selves when an enemy is in their bowels.
We are raising a platform for a battery
against Edenburgh Castle, which, we hope,
(with the mine) will tend much to the re-
ducing the same. They in the castle have
beene so angry at it, that, for two or three
nights together, they discharged seven
pieces of ordnance against it, but did not
spoyle it much.
Saturday, Oct. 26. The generall and of-
ficers of the army kept a day of humilia-
tion, to humble themselves for the sins of
the army, and to desire God's blessing up-
on their proceedings.
"Edenburgh, 27 Octob. 1650.
LETTER
FROM
SIR ARTHUR IIESILRIGE
TO THF. UONORABLL
COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCELOF STATE
FOR
IRISH AND SCOTISH AFFAIRS,
AT WHITEHALL,
COXCERNIXG
THE SCOTS PRISONERS.
DIE VENERIS, 8 NOV. iGoO.
ORDERED BY THE PARLIAMENT, THAT THIS LETTER BE FORTHWITH
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED. — HEN. SCOBELL, CLERIC. PARL.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY EDWARD HUSBAN D AND JOHN riFLD,
PRINTERS TO TIIE PARLIAMENT OF F..\(iLA.\D.
1650.
Gentlemex,
I RECEIVED your letter, da-
ted the twenty-sixth of October ; in tliat
you desire me, that two tliousand three
hundred of the Scotch prisoners, now at
Durham, or elsewhere, able and fit for foot
service, be selected, and marched thence
to Chester and Liverpool, to be shipped
for the south and west of Ireland, and that
I should take special care not to send any
Highlanders.
I am necessitated, upon the receipt of
this, to give you a full accompt concern-
ing the prisoners : After the battel at Dun-
bar, in Scotland, my lord-general writ to
me, that there was about nine thousand
prisoners ; and that of them he had set at
liberty all those that were wounded, and,
as he thought, disabled for future service,
and their number was, as Mr Downing
340 iiELATioN or
writ, five thousand one hundred ; the rest
the general sent towards Newcastle, con-
ducted to Berwick by Major Hobson, and
from Berwick to Newcastle by some foot
out of that garison, and the troop of
horse. When they came to Morpeth, the
prisoners being put into a large walled
garden, they eat up raw cabages, leaves,
and roots, so man}^ as the very seed and
the labour, at four pence a day, was va-
lued at nine pounds ; which cabage, as I
conceive, they having fasted, as they them-
selves said, near eight days, poysoned their
bodies ; for, as they were coming from
thence to Newcastle, some dyed by the
way-side ; and when they came to New-
castle, I put them into the greatest church
in the town ; and the next morning, when
I sent them to Durham, about sevenscore
were sick, and not able to march, and
three dyed that night, and some fell down
in their march from Newcastle to Dur-
ham, and dyed ; and when they came to
Durham, I having sent my lieutenant- co-
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 341
lonel and iny major, with a strong guard
both of horse and foot, and they being
there told into the great cathedral church,
they could not count them to more then
three thousand ; althougli Colonel Fen-
wick writ to me, that there were about
three thousand five hundred; but I believe
they were not told at Berwick, and most
of those that were lost, it was in Scotland ;
for I heard, that the officers that marched
with them to Berwick, were necessitated
to kill about thirty, iearing the loss of
them all, for they fell down in great num-
bers, and said they were not able to
inarch ; and they brought them far in the
night, so that doubtless many ran away.
When I sent them first to Durham, 1 writ
to the major, and desired him to take care
that they wanted not any thing that was
fit for prisoners, and what he should dis-
burse for them, I would repay it. I also
sent them a daily supply of bread from
Newcastle, and an allowance equal to
what had been given to former prisoners ;
34^ RELATION or
but their bodies being infected, the flux
encreased amongst them. I sent many
officers to look to them ; and appointed,
that those that were sick should be remo-
ved out the cathedral church into the
bishop's castle, which belongs to Mistrig
ElakistoiT, and provided cooks ; and they
had pottage made with oatmeal, and beef
and cabages ; a full quart at a meal for
every prisoner : They had also coals daily
bi'ought to them ; as many as made about
a hundred fires both day and night, and
straw to lie upon ; and I appointed the
marshal to see all these things orderly
done ; and he was alloAved eight men to
help him to divide the coals, and their
meat, bread, and pottage, equally : They
were so unruly, sluttish, and nasty, that it
is not to be believed ; they acted rather
like beasts then men ; so that the marshal
was allowed forty men to cleanse and
sweep them every day ; but these men
^vere of the lustiest prisoners, that had
some small thing given them extraordina-
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 343
ry ; and these provisions were for those
that were in health ; and tor those that
were sick, and in the castle, they had very
good mutton broth, and sometimes veal
broth, and beef and mutton boild toge-
ther, and old women appointed to look to
them/in the several rooms : There was al-
so a physitian, which let them blood, and
dressed such as were wounded, and gave
the sick physick ; and, I dare confidently
say, there was never the hke care taken
for any such number of prisoners that ever
were in England. Notwithstandiuo; all
this, many of them dyed, and few of any
other disease but the flux ; some were
killed by themselves ; for they were ex-
ceeding cruel one towards another. If a
man was perceived to have any money, it
was two to one but he was killed before
morning, and robbed ; and if any had
good clothes, he that wanted, if he was
able, would strangle him, and put on his
clothes : and the disease of the tlux still
encreasing amongst them, I was then for-
544 RELATION or
ccd, for their preservation, if possible it
might be, to send to all the next towns to
Durham, within four or five miles, to com-
mand them to bring in their milk, for that
was /conceived to be the best remedy for
stopping of their flux, and I promised
them what rates they usually sold it for
at the markets ; which was accordingly
performed by about threescore towns and
places ; and twenty of the next towns to
Durham continue still to send daily in
their milk, which is boiled, some with wa-
ter, and some with bean flower ; the phy-
sitians holding it exceeding good for re-
covery of their health.
Gentlemen, you cannot but think strange
this long preamble, and to wonder what
the matter will be ; in shoio its this : Of
the three thousand prisoners that my ofli-
cers told into the cathedral church at Dur-
ham, three hundred from thence, and fifty
from Newcastle of the seven score left be-
hinde, were delivered to Major Clerk, by
order from the councel ; and there are
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 345
about five hundred sick in the castle, and
about six hundred yet in health in the ca-
thedral, and most of which are, in proba-
bility, Highlanders, they being hardier then
the rest, and other means to distinguish
them we have not; and about sixteen
hundred are dead and buried, and officers
about sixty, that are at the marshal's in
Newcastle. My lord-general having re-
leased the rest of the officers, and the
councel having given me power to take
out what I thought fit, I have granted to
several well-affected persons that have salt-
works at Sheels, and want servants, forty,
and they have engaged to keep them to
work at their salt-pans ; and I have taken
out more about twelve weavers, to begin a
trade of linnen cloth, like unto the Scotch
cloth, and about forty laborers. I cannot
give you, on this sudden, a more exact ac-
compt of the prisoners ; neither can any
accompt hold true long, because they still
dye daily ; and, doubtless, so they will, so
long as any remain in prison : And for
346 RELATION &C.
those that are well, if Major Clerk could
have believed that they had been able to
have marched on foot, he would have
marched them by land ; for we perceive
that divers that are seemingly healthy, and
have not at all been sick, suddenly dye ;
and we cannot give any reason of it, onely
we apprehend they are all infected, and
that the strength of some holds it out till
it seize upon their very hearts. Now, you
fully understand the condition and the
number of the prisoners, what you please
to direct, I shall observe, and intend not to
proceed further upon this letter, until I
have your answer upon what 1 have now
written. I am.
Gentlemen,
Your affectionate servant,
Art. Hesilrigj,.
Octob. 31, 1650.
THE
ARTICLES
OF
THE RENDITION
EDENBURGH CASTLE
TO
THE LORD-GENERALL CROMWELL,
AND
THE MANNER OF THE ENEMIES MARCHING OUT,
DECEMBER 24, 1650 J
WITH A PARTICULAR LIST OF THE ORDNANCE AND ARMES TAKEN
THEREIN.
ALSO, '
THE TAKING ANOTHER STRONG CASTLE, CALLED KINMORE-CASTLE,
BY A PARTY FROM CARLISLE J
WITH THE ARTICLES OF SURRENDER, AND THE PARTICULARS TAKEN
IN THE CASTLE, AND THEIR MARCH.
Published hy Authority.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY E. GRIFI IN, IN THE OLD BAILY.— 1650,
Sir,
The greatest part of the time since
Thursday last, (when the articles inclosed
were agreed of for the rendition of Eden-
burgh Castle) hath beene in ordering of
things in relation to their marching out
this day. There hath beene a continuall
passing to and from the castle with trunkes,
and other goods, for these foure or five
dayes ; and yet for all that, there are many
more goods left for the inhabitants here-
abouts, and much more those Scots who
dwell farre off, and now come over in great
numbers, who must have further time ;
and the general hath engaged, that they
shall not loose any of them after our sovd-
diers have possession of the castle, but
have free liberty to fetch them out ; its
verily beleeved, that there was more money,
plate, and rich household stuife in this
castle then in any one part of Scotland
350 RELATIOT^ OF
besides ; yet such hath been tlie civihty
of our souldiers, that they have not in the
least interrupted tlie inhabitants, or taken
away any of their goods ; so that, consi-
dering the impregnall strength of the
place, the great losse of men we must
have had, in case we had storm'd it (if we
had carried it that way, which was ahiiost
hnpossible), and the love of the people,
which we now have gained by this civil
usage, it was the best course that could
have been taken ; and if it were put in
the ballance, would not appeare to be of
much lesse consequence then the defeat at
Downhill, neer Dunbar. This day. Col.
Dundas marched out of the castle with
120 men, all musketiers, their colors flying
(which was one red ensigri), one drum
beating, the greatest part of them march-
ed to Leith, and intend for Fife. Lieut.
Col. White, with some companies of foot,
tooke possession of the castle. We have
as yet no account what number of arms,
ammunition, or provision, is in it. The
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 351
number of the ordnance is inclosed. Col.
Fenwick, governor of Berwick, for the pre-
sent, is to take the government thereof.
His excellency, with many officers, went
into the castle this afternoon to view it.
There are taken in it the particulars in-
closed. B}^ reason of the great winds, the
souldiers that came out of the castle could
not get into Fife, but were forced to stay
in Leith this night with a guard. Divers
of the foot laid downe their arnies> and
will not engage any more against our
army. Before their going out of the
castle, there were two barrels of gun-pow-
der blowne up, which killed two of their
men.
December I9, l650.
Articles treated of, concluded, and agreed
upon, by Major Andrew Abbernethe and
Captaine Robert Henderson, of the one
party, on the behalfe of Walter Dun-
dasse, Esqu. governour of the castle of
Edenburgii ; and by Col. George Monke
352 RELATION OF
and Lieut. Col. Francis AYliite, on the
other party, on the behalie of his excel-
lency the Lord-General Cromwell, for
the rendition of the said castle, accord-
ing to the articles ensuing : —
1. Iliat the castle of Edenburgh, with
the cannon, arnies, ammunition, and ma-
gazeens, and furniture of war (except what
shall be excepted in the ensuing articles,)
be rend red to his excellency the Lord Gen.
Cromwell, or whom he shall appoint, on
Tuesday next, being the 24 of this present
December, by 12 of the clock, without
wilfuU spoile or embezillment.
2. That the publike registers, publike
moveables, private evidences, and writs,
be transported to Fife or Sterling ; and
that wagons and ships be provided for the
transporting of them.
3. That, for all the goods in the castle
belonging to any person whatsoever, an
edict may be proclaimed to the people
about Edenburghj to come, own, and re-
THE CAMPAIGN IX SCOTLAND. 353
ceive their own ; and if any bee at a far
distance, or dead, a place may be provid-
ed in the towne of Edenburgh for keeping
the same until they be owned ; and, after
owning, they have liberty to carry them
where they please.
4. That 'A\ persons whatsoever not be-
longing to the garrison, as men, women,
and children, may have liberty to goe
whether they will without trouble ; and
there have the free exercise of their call-
ings and employments with safety, both to
themselves and goods.
6. That the governour of the said castle,
and all military officers, commanders, and
souldiers, of whatsoever condition (none
excepted), may depart without any moles-
tation, with their amies and baggage, with
drums beating, and colours flying, matches
lighted at both ends, and ball in their
mouthes, as they usually are wont to
march, and all their goods, with a free
conduct to Brunt Island, in Fife ; or if
any of the foresaid persons desire to trans-
354 RELATION OF
port themselves and goods any where else,
for their greater conveniency, it may with
freedome be granted.
6. That all officers and souldiers, as well
sick as hurt, shall have free liberty to re-
maine in Edenburgh till they recover, and
to enjoy the benefit of these articles.
7. lliat the number of horse and wagons,
as many as the governour shall need for
his own particular use, as also for the offi-
cers and souldiers, shall be sent them for
the carrying of the aforesaid baggage, to
the foresaid places.
8. I'hat Capt. Lieut. Car, Lieut. Stret-
ton, Thomas Brindy, gunner, and Patrick
Summerall, gunner, be sent to his excel-
lency the Lord Gen. Cromwell this present
Thursday, by 12 of the clock, for hostages,
for the performance of the aforewritten ar-
ticles ; and that the generall shall keep
centinels about the castle, under the rock.
Andrew Abbernethe,
R. Henderson.
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 355
I doe approve, ratifie, and confirme the
articles above written.
W. DUNDASSE.
A List of the great Guns taken in Eden-
burgh Castle, Decemb. 24, l650.
Three iron guns, besides the great Mag. ;
five cannons, of 7, 9, 24 livers ; two cul-
verins, two demi-culverins, two minions,
two falcons, three 3 livers, brasse.
28 short brasse munkeys, alias dogs.
10 iron munkeys, two pittars. In all
67.
By letters from Carlile, Decern. 25, as
followeth : — A party of horse and dragoons
was sent from this garrison, consisting of
about 1000, to garrison Dumfrieze, in
Scotland, where they are in a quiet condi-
tion. There were divers cavaliere lords
and gentlemen, with some 400 attendants,
356 RELATION OF
met there, with a purpose to raise some
forces for tlicir king ; but, upon thq ad-
vance of tiiis party, they left the town, and
went to their owne homes ; which makes
me conjecture they hke not the dancing of
the Scotch jigge at Sterhng this jocund
time of Christmas. Just now, a packet
came to me from my Lieut. Colonel at €>(
Dumfrieze, which gives me an accompt of
the parties proceedings there under his
command, which he sent into Galloway to
prevent the gathering of the enemy in
those parts. To give you the particulars
will be too tedious ; onely this I will say,
that they have been very active, the Lord
going along with them ; so that they have
done their businesse ; and they write to
me, that there is not much considerable to
be done in that part of Scotland, onely
the garrisoning of some castles for conve-
niency of passage, and awing the coun-
trey. They have taken the strong castle
of Kinmore, whose articles are as follow-
eth : —
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 35?
Decemb. 22, 1650.
Articles concluded and agreed upon, the
day and yeere abovesaid, betwixt the
Lord Kinmore, gov^ernour of his castle
of Kinmore, on the one party ; and Cap.
Dowson, Cap. Crackentliorpe, and Cap,
Nary, on the other party, for the parlia-
ment of England.
Imprimis, It is concluded and agreed up-
on, that the said Lord Kinmore shall forth-
with deliver up to the said Cap. Dowson,
Cap. Crackenthorpe, and Cap, Nary, his
castle of Kinmore, with all the arms and
ammunition, for the use of his excellency
the Lord Gen. Cromwell.
2. It is concluded and agreed upon, that
the said Lord Kinmore shall have all his
housholdstuffe, of what sort soever, within
the said castle, secured to his proper use,
either within such roomes of his said castle
as he shall choose, or by conveying them
358 RELATION OP
Siway to some other place, provided it be
within fourteen daies.
3. That the Lord Kenmore, with such as
are now in armes with him in the said
castle, whose names are underwritten, shall
have liberty to repaire to their owne
homes, without any disturbance to their
persons or estates, acting nothing prejudi-
ciall to the army of England ; or shall have
seven daies (the morrow, being the 23 of
this instant, being the first) to dispose of
themselves, their horses and armes, with-
out let or molestation, by any belonging to
his excellencies army.
Kenmore.
Man. Dowson, ^
Rich. Crackenthorpe,> English.
John Nary. 3
Robert Lord Kenmore,
Rob. Glendoning, Alex. Maxwell,
Jo. Glendoning, Geo. Heriot,
Rob. Gourdon, James Gibson,
J a. Gourdon, Patrick Merdock.
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 359
The rest of the common soiildiers are
likewise to have the benefit of the afore-
said articles.
A Note of the Annes and Ammunition taken
in the Expedition from Dumfreze into Gal-
lawai/, by the aforesaid Captaines.
At Killobright, and thence carried to
Kinmore, three barrels of powder, match
proportionable. All the armes found there
were broken, because there was not con-
veyance for them.
Taken at Kenmore Castle,
Sixty muskets and firelocks^ eight pikes,
eight great barrels of powder, each con-
taining neere three ordinary barrels, match
and ball proportionable, great store of
meale and beefe.
Taken on the march about forty horse,
and some prisoners.
TRUK
RELATION
OF
A SECOND
VICTORIE
OVER
THE SCOTS AT HAMILTON,
COMMANDED
BY COL. KER,
WHO IS TAKEN BV THE PARLIAMENT'S FORCES, WITH OTHER
PRISONERS OF QUALITIE ;
CERTIFIED BY AN EXPRESS FROM
MY LORD GENERAL.
Sir,
I HAVE now sent you the results of
som treaties amongst the enemie, which
came to my hands this daie : — The major-
general and Commissarie-general Whaley
marched a few daies ago towards Glasco,
and the enemie attempted his quarters in
Hamilton, were entred the town, but, by
the blessing of God, by a very gracious
hand of Providence, without the loss of six
men, as I hear of, beat them out, killed
about an hundred, took also about the
same number, amongst which are som
prisoners of qualitie, and neer four hun-
dred horse (as I am informed), the major-
general beeing in the chase of them, to
whom I have also since sent the addition
of a fresh partie. Colonel Kerr (as my
messenger this night tells me) is taken, his
564f RELATION OF
lieutenant-colonel, and one that was some-
time major to Col. Strauglian, and Kerr's
capt.-lieutenant. The whole party is shat-
tered ; and give me leav to saie it, if God
had not brought them upon us, wee might
have march't three thousand hors to death,
and not have light on ten of them : And
truly 'twas a strange providence brought
them upon him; for 1, marching from
Edenburgh, on the north side of Cloid,
appointed the major-general to march from
Peebles to Hamilton on the south side of
Cloid. I came thither by the time ex-
pected ; tarried the remainder of the daie,
and until neer seven a clock the next
morning, apprehending the major-general
would not com by reason of the waters ; I
beeing retreated, the enemie took encou-
ragement, march't all that night, and came
upon the major-generars quarters about
two hours before daie, where it pleased the
Lord to order as you have heard. The
major-general and commissarie-general (as
he sent mee word) were still gon on in the
THE CAMPAIGN IK SCOTLAND. 365
prosecution of tlicm, and saith, that ex-
cept one hundred and fiftie hors in one
bodie, hec hears they are fled by 16 and
18 in a companie, all the countrie over.
Robbin Montgomerie Avas come out ot"
Sterhng with four or five regiments of hors
and dragoons, but was put to a stand when
he heard of the issue of this business ;
Straughan, and som other officers, had
quitted som three weeks or a moneth be-
fore this business, so that Kerr command-
ed this whole partie in chief.
It is given out the malignants will be all
(almost) received, and rise unanimously
and expeditiously ; I can assure 3'ou, that
those that serv you here, finde more satis-
faction in having to deal with men of that
stamp then others ; and it is our comfort,
that the Lord hath hitherto made it the
matter of our praiers, and of our endevors
(if it might have been the will of God) to
have had a Christian understanding be-
tween those that fear God in his land and
our selves ; and yet wee hope it hath not
36'6* llELATION OF
been carried on with a willing failer of our
dutie to those that trust us ; and I am per-
s waded the Lord hath looked favourably
upon our sinceritie herein, and will still do
so, and upon you also, whilst you make
the interest of his people yours ; those re-
ligious people of Scotland, that fall in this
caus, wee cannot but pitie and mourn for
them, and wee praie that all good men
may do so too. Indeed, there is at this
time a very great distraction, and mightie
Avorkings of God upon the hearts of divers,
both ministers and people, much of it
tending to the justification of your caus ;
and although som are as bitter and as bad
as ever, making it their business to shuffle
hypocritically with their consciences and
the covenant, to make it lawful to joyn
with malignants, which now they doe, as
well they might long before, having taken
in the head of them ; yet truly others are
startled at it, and some have been con-
strained to make sad and solemn accusa-
tions of themselves, and lamentations in
THE CAMPAIGN IN SCOTLAND. 367
the face of their supreme authoritie, char-
ging themselvs as guiltie of the bloudshed
in this war, by having a hand in the trea-
tie at Breda, and by bringing the king in
amongst them ; this lately did a lord of
the session, and withdrew ; and, lately, Mr
James Leviston, a man as highly esteemed
as anie for pietie and learning, who was a
commissioner for the kirk at the said trea-
tie, charged himself with the guilt of the
bloud of this war before their assemblie,
and withdrew from them, and is retired to
his own hous. It will be very necessarie
to encourage victuallers to com to us, that
you take off customs and excise from all
things brought hither for the use of the
armie. I beg your praiers, and rest
Your humble servant,
O. Cromwell.
EdinburgHj4. Decern. l650.
THE END.
Edinburgh,
Printed by James Ballantyne & Co.
i
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