evil
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
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 :*^^/^nr-^^ — ^^^l^^JzllsrrU
 
 Glimpses of the Life 
 
 OF 
 
 SIMUEL MORRIS 
 
 BY HIS DAUGHTER 
 
 
 PRIVATELY PRINTED 
 
 PH I LADELPHIA 
 
 1907 
 
 
 ' •' • • 
 
 > • « • *
 
 COPTRiaHTED, 1907, 
 
 By Beulah M. Rhoads 
 
 Reprinted from " The Friend." Published in 
 Philadelphia, 1906-'07, 
 
 PBE88 OF WM. H. P.IE'S 60N8 8. N. RHOADS BOOKSELLER 4 PUBLISHER 
 
 4S2 WALNUT ST., PHILA. 2^0 8. SEVENTH ST., PHIlA.
 
 
 
 in 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 g 
 
 >: To share with others the privilege of near- 
 ness to my dear father's hfe, has been the 
 motive actuating the articles for "The 
 Friend," repubhshed herewith. 
 At their beginning we had no thought of 
 
 ^ their assuming book-form. The Memorial 
 
 o 
 
 == IS complete in itself, and this addition is 
 
 merely its supplement. And yet, 1 remem- 
 
 d ber his own words, that a child is not the 
 o 
 
 x: one to write a biography of a parent, for, 
 2 partiality may distort the truth. It was 
 ^ therefore only after ineffectual effort to 
 ti find an unbiased author, thai 1 began the 
 work myself. In reviewing the thirteen 
 volumes of Journal kept by him in his many 
 
 ^^ 
 
 n^.
 
 travels, a clearer sense of his vantage- 
 ground as a Christian, has been granted me. 
 My endeavor has been to cull such salient 
 points as could be condensed into a book of 
 moderate size, to intersperse a few notes of 
 my own, jotted down in past years, and un- 
 known to him; finally to weave these to- 
 gether for the friends who loved my father, 
 and desired some further record concerning 
 him. 
 
 H. P. MOBHIS,
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Accident, Losing Sight, 34. 
 
 Railroad, 16, 74 to 78. 
 Art, 127. 
 
 Australia, Trip to, 8, 12, 132, 160 to 179, 197, 203. 
 Benington, John, 9, 27, 28. 
 Braithwaite, J. B., 87, 89, 205, 206, 207. 
 Canada, 10, 11,41 to 48, 92, 128. 
 Carolinas, Trip to, 49 to 78. 
 China, 1 57 to 159, 203. 
 
 Cope, Thomas P., 11, 41, 87, 109, 1 to, i ij, 199. 
 Daily Routine, 129, 130. 
 European Trip, 86, 91 to 1 14, 1 19. 
 Fisher, Abram, 56, 57. 
 France, 12, 119 to 124. 
 Frankford Monthly Meeting, 7. 
 Friends Asylum, 24. 
 
 Great Britain Trips, 86 to 91, 1 14 to 1 19, 124, 125, 197 
 Haverford College, 8, 9, 25, 27. 
 Indians, 10, 39, 40, 44, 191. 
 Japan Trip, ri, 132, 134, 136 to 156, 201. 203. 
 Missions, 127, 139 to 142.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Morris, Hannah P. — Compiler, 4. 
 
 Luke W., 21. 
 
 Samuel B., 22, 24, 29, 30, 31. 
 Music, 81, 82. 
 
 New Zealand, 132, 179 to 188, 201, 203. 
 Norway, 12, 132. 
 Olney, Phila., 9, 31, 33, 126, 197. 
 Peace, 80. 
 Perot, Elliston, 22. 
 
 Hannah, 22. 
 
 William, 85. 
 Rhoads, Charles, 126, 127. 
 
 Jonathan E., 132, 160, 179, 181, 189, 193, 200. 
 Sandwich Islands, 11, 132, 190 to 196, 198, 201, 203. 
 Sansom, Beulah, 29. 
 Saving Fund Societies, 22, 31. 
 Spencer, Lydia, 9, 30. 
 Washington, Geo., 22, 23. 
 Wistar, Thos., 39. 
 Westtown School, 14, 25, 83.
 
 Memorial of Samuel Morris. 
 
 Issued by Frankford Monthly Meeting concerning 
 our late beloved Friend, Saa\UEL MORRIS. 
 
 We feel it right at this time to record our 
 sense of the exceptional grace bestowed 
 among us by our Heavenly Head in the life 
 and example of Samuel Morris, and to testi- 
 fy to the loving faithfulness and devotion 
 no less than the cheerful obedience which 
 marked his labors in the service and house- 
 hold of Christ. 
 
 He was born in the year 1827. Looking 
 back upon his life, we can early trace the 
 helpful guidance of the only surviving parent 
 his father, who lovingly (icvotcd himself to 
 the best interests of iiis children, and entered 
 into their studies and pastimes, their friend- 
 ships and their aspirations greatly to the 
 profit of heart and mind. 
 
 Leaving the city home at the age of six 
 years, he was henceforth associated with 
 Germantown, which in 1833 was still a quiet 
 country village. The meeting at this place 
 was then small, but his father's house was a 
 centre at which paused many traveling 
 Friends, bringing with them a spiritual at- 
 
 (7)
 
 mosphere which cannot but have influenced 
 his future Hfe. Thus, when he was eleven 
 years of age we find as a guest in the house- 
 hold, a minister, who, taking both father 
 and son into a season of silent waiting upon 
 the Lord, there declared that if he had any 
 true sense of the future he felt convinced that 
 a call to public ministry and a wide field of 
 service lay before Samuel Morris. Such a 
 solemn prospect was never wholly forgotten, 
 although times of departure from so high an 
 aim might intervene. In reference to this 
 period it is recalled that on a Fifth-day 
 morning at Germantown, not long before 
 his death, he was watching the school chil- 
 dren at their play, and speaking of their 
 future; he recalled how as a boy about twelve 
 years old, in the garden of his father's home, 
 he had been given to see something of the 
 service that he should be called to in years 
 to come. He said, " I saw Europe and I saw 
 Australia," and his words conveyed the deep 
 impression which this vision had made upon 
 him. In later life also so distinct at times 
 were the intimations of the Divine will, that, 
 as he declared, he heard as it were almost 
 an audible voice, or felt a hand laid upon 
 his shoulder. 
 When he was a student at Haverford a 
 
 Eeriod of doubt and darkness intervened in 
 is experience, but the pleadings of eternal 
 love pursued him still, and this time of gloom 
 fell across his pathway only to be followed by 
 a crisis in his spiritual life, when in great 
 prostration of soul he was enabled to make 
 
 ( 8 )
 
 ( 
 
 V"^ 
 
 On 
 
 a full surrender to the Lord of all that he had 
 and was. 
 
 In the years following Haverford his taste 
 for a farm life led him to the pursuit of this 
 occupation at the home of John Benington, 
 in Chester County, where he entered fully 
 into the work of the farm— driving the ox 
 team and handling the axe with his compan- 
 ions in toil. Here also he formed a life-long 
 friendship with his instructor. 
 
 Soon after the year 1850 a tract of land 
 was purchased for a new home at Olney, 
 Philadelphia, and here in 1853, after his 
 marriage to our late beloved friend, Lydia 
 Spencer, he settled for the remainder of his 
 life, never wearying of the details of rural 
 employment, but clinging to the variety of 
 outdoor enjoyments, the beauty of the land- 
 scape, and the quiet retreat. He was often 
 heard to say, "After the tedious detail of city 
 business, there is no medicine so effectual as 
 working in a garden." 
 
 As his life went forward seeking ever more 
 and more to have his eye single to the Lord, 
 he was qualified by Him for his service, not 
 only as a minister of the Gospel, but in many 
 weighty affairs of the Church. In the exer- 
 cise of^ the discipline, especially, his clear 
 judgment joined with great Christian tender- 
 ness, fitted him in no common degree for its 
 important and oft-times difficult labors. 
 His sympathetic nature prcparecl him to 
 enter largely into the feelings of others in 
 the varied trials of life, as well as in their 
 religious exercises and conflicts, so that he 
 
 2 (9 )
 
 was oftentimes engaged in privately handing 
 forth a word in season to instruct, strengthen 
 or cheer. 
 
 Samuel Morris' gift in the ministry was 
 acknowledged in the year 1864, when about 
 thirty-seven years of age. Of the exper- 
 iences which led to this important event we 
 appear to have little record. Yet perhaps 
 their fruit may be embodied in an utterance 
 of his in recent years, when to one just begin- 
 ning to speak in our meetings he gave his 
 counsel to this effect: "Simple obedience is 
 what we are to seek after; just to put aside 
 the urgings and debatings of our mind, and 
 simply obey the dear Master — that is all." 
 Thus he expressed the spirit in which a 
 Divine prompting to speak, even though 
 it be a gentle one should be received. 
 
 In the year 1876 he was drawn to an ex- 
 tensive visit among the North American 
 Indians. A few years later he visited Can- 
 ada and our Southern States, where, finding 
 unsettlement, he counseled unity and an 
 avoidance of separation, maintaming that 
 patient suffering and forbearance were more 
 effectual than isolation. 
 
 When he returned once more to the con- 
 genial surroundings of home life, we find him 
 in the serene enjoyment of daily blessings; 
 for he had no desire to travel for travel's 
 sake. He was not indeed exempt from trials 
 in these quiet years, some of them very sharp 
 and some of long duration, yet he was ena- 
 bled through the abiding spirit of patience 
 to rise above these things, and to accept 
 
 ( 10 )
 
 them as of the Divine ordering. And when 
 the affairs of the church again called him to 
 distant service, he could leave home with 
 an assurance that all would be cared for by 
 the same gracious Master who sent him 
 forth. 
 
 Thus in the year 1889 the prospect of a 
 visit to Friends in Europe was again forcibly 
 presented to his mind as a duty now to be 
 fulfilled. He found a companion in one who 
 had been called in like manner to this service, 
 our late friend, Thomas P. Cope, who had 
 also accompanied him on previous journeys. 
 We may here remark the great harmony and 
 unity that existed between these two beau- 
 tiful characters, not only in their long visits 
 in the different countries of Europe, as form- 
 erly in Canada, Virginia and Maryland also, 
 but always in the more constant concerns 
 of their home, meeting and community. 
 
 Only three years after the return from this 
 European trip a similar call drew Samuel 
 Morris once again from home — this time to 
 visit the colonics of Australia, also fapan 
 and tile Sandwich Islands. (Jnce agaui the 
 loving Hand of his Heavenly l-'ather had 
 provided for him a companion and a true 
 yoke-fellow in the ministry, Jonathan E. 
 Khoads, who shared with him the burdens 
 of this long and arduous service. Their con- 
 cern was to go on a mission of lovi", with- 
 out criticism of faults, that so they might 
 strengthen whatever of good they might 
 fmd among any of the name of Friend. 1 his 
 indeed was the keynote of Snmuel Morris' 
 
 ( H )
 
 ministry. His companion on the long Aus- 
 tralian journey bears this testimony to the 
 message and manner of his service, "in 
 our long voyage around the Pacific, his sym- 
 pathetic feelings made his private service 
 and intercourse as valuable as any portion 
 of his ministry. In both public and private 
 he advocated the Gospel of peace, and em- 
 phasized to missionaries and others the neces- 
 sity of co-operation with the Divine Spirit 
 in teaching and preaching the Gospel of 
 Christ. Having proved that Gospel a mes- 
 sage of glad tidings to himself he would often 
 present it to others in the same loving light. 
 One part of his character which much im- 
 pressed me was his trustfulness. He seemed 
 literally to take no anxious thought for the 
 morrow. He would allow each new move 
 to bring its own solution of procedure, and 
 from this cause was not easily jostled aside 
 from a direct movement toward the main 
 end in view." In both these extensive jour- 
 neyings he and his companions made many 
 valued friendships which lasted through life, 
 and developed an interesting correspondence 
 with Friends in France, Norway, Australia 
 and other lands. The returning minutes 
 expressed a warm appreciation of their ser- 
 vice. 
 
 Following him back to his home, we may 
 note the many sidedness of his character as 
 shown under all the varying circumstances 
 of the earthly pilgrimage, as in the home cir- 
 cle where his deep desire for the welfare of 
 his family, often expressed itself in vocal 
 
 ( 12 )
 
 prayer at the time of Bible reading, or in the 
 wise counsel and interest in the affairs of his 
 servants, which kept them long in his em- 
 ploy — everywhere the fruits of a gracious 
 spirit made themselves manifest. Finding 
 that the claims of the church occupied nearly 
 all of his time, the greater part of his farm 
 was rented, and he was thus released for 
 other interests; yet so generous and Christian 
 were the terms made with his farmers, that 
 five of them in succession were enabled to 
 begin life for themselves by the purchase of 
 independent farms. Of like tendency was 
 his service in gathering the savings of em- 
 ployees in factories of the neighborhood, so 
 that large sums of money were accumulated, 
 and many poor men became able to build 
 their own homes. The testimony of his ser- 
 vices to the country-side around about him 
 is feelingly presented by a Methodist neigh- 
 bor, as follows, "The question of who is my 
 neighbor never troubled Samuel Morris. 
 His sympathies were broad enough to take 
 in his fellow-men wherever found on God's 
 footstool, but towards those among whom 
 he had been placed to live his long and useful 
 life, he ever showed a sincere and heartfelt 
 interest and a true neighborly concern. For- 
 tunate indeed was the community in which 
 he dwelt for so many years; for he knew his 
 neighbors miles around, in the good old- 
 fashioned way. It was a great privilege to 
 me to have known him for more than fifty 
 years, :\m\ 1 believe I have seen in him the 
 perfect flowing of whatsoever things are 
 
 ( 13 )
 
 true, whatsoever things are honest, whatso- 
 ever things are just, whatsoever things are 
 pure and lovely and of good report. " 
 
 Nor was his earnest, philanthropic interest 
 confined to his own neighborhood. His con- 
 nection with the educational work of our 
 Society was long and close. For forty-one 
 years he acted on the Committee for West- 
 town Boarding School, and was engaged in 
 much of the detail of its work, especially at 
 the time of the re-building of that Institution. 
 
 In the peace of the world and in the politi- 
 cal prosperity of our own land, he ever took 
 a keen interest, being anxious for the purifi- 
 cation of Government and solicitous for the 
 choice of wise leaders. He was frequently 
 sent with others to Washington by our Meet- 
 ing for Sufferings, and he thus came in con- 
 tact with each of the Presidents of the United 
 States successively, from President Grant 
 down to Roosevelt. Bearing with them as 
 they did messages of peace, good will and 
 benefit to men, he and his companions were 
 always most courteously received. 
 
 Nearer at home his heart was grieved to 
 observe the evidences of political corruption 
 on every hand ; he longed to see the day come 
 when men would rise and throw ofi" the chain 
 that bound them, and show to the world that 
 they were indeed free men. He expressed 
 his great concern for the outcome of the 
 political struggle that was made in Philadel- 
 phia during the last few months of the year 
 1^5, and hoped once more to exercise the 
 right of franchise, but this hope was never 
 
 ( 14 )
 
 realized, for before that time the Master 
 called him to enjoy his full citizenship in the 
 Heavenly City, whose maker and builder 
 is God. 
 
 No memorial of our beloved Friend will be 
 complete or true which fails to mention the 
 gracious public ministry committed to him 
 by our Lord and Master— a ministry which 
 through forty-years flowed as a perennial 
 fountain of refreshment and of healing 
 streams amongst us. It was marked, as 
 indeed was his entire religious life, by a com- 
 plete and humble reliance upon the grace of 
 God made known in the offices of our Lord 
 and Saviour Jesus Christ, and through his 
 offering of Himself upon the cross for the 
 redemption of the world. His was a power 
 that lay in simple truth, and in completeness 
 and purity of utterance, rather than in great 
 flights of inspiration. His sermons were 
 marked by clearness of expression, much 
 defmiteness of aim, and a presentation of the 
 great truths which came before him, in regu- 
 larity of order and in a language which, 
 while without rhetorical display, and uttered 
 in a tone not far removed from that of com- 
 mon life, was prevaded by a warmth of con- 
 cern, a mild and healing smypathy, which 
 attested the Divine source, and at once 
 claimed and received the heartfelt attention 
 of his hearers. As he was careful never to 
 prolong his speaking beyond the defmite 
 message with which he was charged, this 
 receptive attention was very usually main- 
 tained in the hearts of his hearers quite to 
 
 ( 15 )
 
 the end of his communication; and many are 
 those who have thereby found their highest 
 aspirations awakened or renewed, and their 
 spiritual strength promoted. The natural 
 freshness of his gift was shown under re- 
 markable circumstances in an incident re- 
 cently related. A number of years ago he 
 was traveling in the South by night, when, 
 a bridge having been washed away by flood, 
 the car in which he was sleeping crashed into 
 the chasm. The passengers, being left in 
 total darkness amid wreckage, wounds and 
 death, were giving way to a spirit of panic, 
 when there arose in the mind of Samuel Mor- 
 ris, who had found himself pinned fast among 
 the debris, the words of the prophet Isaiah, 
 and he cried aloud in calm, clear tones to his 
 fellow passengers, "Thou wilt keep him in 
 perfect peace whose mind is stayed on Thee." 
 He then urged upon them self-control, with 
 the assurance that rescue must be close at 
 hand. Thus a habit of dwelling near the 
 Eternal Refuge ministered strength to the 
 needy in their hour of extreme peril. 
 
 Among all the attainments of an impres- 
 sive life, the most lasting impression to many 
 was that of the personal character of this 
 dear Friend. Samuel Morris was eminent as 
 an example of how the grace of God may 
 develope the Christian life, and he thus 
 showed forth the praises of Him who had 
 called him out of darkness into his marvel- 
 ous light. His quiet cordiality, his unfeign- 
 ed humility, so well in accord with the pre- 
 cept, "in honor preferring one another;" 
 
 ( 16 )
 
 his simplicity of soul in thought and word 
 and deed— and yet back of these a reserve 
 of firmness, courage and settled purpose — 
 all these combined to make a singular effect 
 of poise, moderation, and unobtrusive com- 
 pleteness which are among the rare attain- 
 ments of character; they are indeed solely 
 to be required by the secret might and eflfect- 
 ual working of Him whose perfections we 
 are called upon to follow. 
 
 His humility was especially noticeable. 
 Deeply conscious of his own inability to sus- 
 tain his hearers in a Christian life, he would 
 say, "Oh, 1 see so little result from my min- 
 istry;" and on one occasion, being told of 
 newness of life found in a man with whom he 
 had conversed upon best things, he was 
 moved to tears, and to exclamations of 
 thankfulness that he had at last heard of 
 fruit to his labor. The truth as taught by 
 George Fox was ever before him, I have 
 brought men to Christ and then have left 
 them there. 
 
 Referring to what is called "immediate 
 conversion," Samuel Morris acknowledged 
 that in the experience of some this type of 
 change is needed; there were, however, he 
 said, different degrees of awakening, and 
 those who have not greatly violated God's 
 laws are often led gently by I lim, and almost 
 insensibly brought beneath his banner, and 
 shown clearly that they are his, after years 
 of increasing love. 
 
 In the declining years of life he was blessed 
 by the loving (jiver of all good things with 
 
 ( 17 )
 
 an unusual soundness of mind and body. 
 Illness was practically unknown to him; and 
 yet this only led him to greater pity for those 
 who were not so blessed. The disease which 
 finally brought his peaceful life to a close was 
 not thought of as a source of great danger 
 by many of his friends, among whom he 
 moved as usual up to within a day of the end. 
 Simply a gradual weakening as of old age 
 was noticed, and then came the peaceful 
 change, on the seventeenth day of Tenth 
 Month, 1905. 
 
 Having been thus faithfully, patiently and 
 cheerfully engaged in his Master's service in 
 so many fields while strength was his, as 
 strength declined he could make this ac- 
 knowledgment in a letter to his sister, about 
 two weeks previous to his death: "Looking 
 back over the past, a quiet soul-satisfying 
 peace is mostly my portion, not because 1 
 have done so much, but that my best has 
 been given to the Best of masters, and as 
 such it has been accepted so graciously. 
 What little there may yet be for me to do 1 
 know not, but trust that 1 am patiently 
 waiting and quietly hoping, through all the 
 days of my appointed time, till my change 
 come. We may well accept with daily grati- 
 tude and praise the quiet peaceful old age 
 that is made possible for us, that we are still 
 surrounded with kind and loving friends, 
 while creature comforts without number are 
 filling the overflowing cup. May we not 
 therefore exclaim with the Psalmist, 'Bless 
 
 ( 18 )
 
 the Lord, O my soul, and all that is within 
 me, bless his holy Name.'" 
 
 We, of his own meeting, in solemn thank- 
 fulness for such a life, record our sense of 
 his sweet and loving trust, even unto the end, 
 in Him who is the dwelling place of his chil- 
 dren in all generations. We remember how 
 blameless were his life and conversation 
 among us, and how faithfully, amid the trials 
 which were laid upon him in his later years, 
 he kept the word of the Redeemer's patience, 
 and knew himself to be kept thereby. His 
 faith, as years passed over him, and as his 
 mortal life matured and ripened, partook 
 more and more of the simplicity of the Gos- 
 pel. 
 
 He acknowledged that he came to cling 
 more closely to the essential realities of the 
 Christian faith, and we believe his ministry 
 of the spoken word among us partook more 
 fully of these realities, and deepened in 
 sweetness and strength as he drew near his 
 journey's end. His memory is fragrant, 
 precious, for we rejoice to believe that like 
 Enoch he "walkeci with God and was not 
 for God tofjk him." 
 
 ( 19)
 
 GLIMPSES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 LIFE OF SAMUEL MORRIS. 
 
 There is a fitness in filling the measure- 
 ment of such a life by some further insight 
 into the details which could not be given in 
 the brief Memorial of Samuel Morris. His 
 was a quiet career, not appealing to the 
 general public by any great pre-eminence 
 of intellect, any bold stroke of mastery. 
 
 *' His was no lofty mountain peak of mind 
 Thrusting to thin air o'er its cloudy bars, 
 Broad prairie rather, fertile, level-lined. 
 Yet also nigh to heaven and loved of loftiest stars." 
 
 The simple majesty of goodness without 
 false humility or self assertion, a steadfast- 
 ness, a well-rounded whole, this is what a due 
 perspective presents in such a character. 
 
 In his childhood, we find him in his fifth 
 year bereft of a mother's care, yet with a 
 father who could combine the tenderness and 
 control of both parents and who out of the 
 depth of his own grief could live for the train- 
 ing of his three little ones. Near the corner 
 of Seventh and Walnut Streets, Philadelphia 
 
 ( 20 )
 
 was their house, and in Washington Square 
 close by, with its green pale-fence, they 
 gained space for play and air. At Eighth 
 Street below Walnut stood their grandfath- 
 er's home and a large garden lay in the rear 
 with fruit trees and grass. A pleasant pic- 
 ture comes to us of the little Samuel with his 
 wheel-barrow and rake aiding Luke W. Mor- 
 ris, his grandfather, in hay making. And 
 with what a thrill came to him the word next 
 morning that the dear old gentleman had 
 died suddenly in the garden. The sight of 
 the coffm, the being lifted to kiss the cold 
 lips, was hard for so young a child, and in 
 after years he disapproved of such early con- 
 tact with death. 
 
 The Infant School in St. James Court be- 
 tween Sixth and Seventh (now Commerce 
 Street) was really a kindergarten in embryo, 
 the system not fully developed; but wisely 
 conducted by Sarah B.Thompson (afterward 
 Upton). Here she had eighty or more little 
 ones, and to most of them she was a wise 
 guide, and those who were tractable revered 
 her memory. The very tones of her voice 
 and the rustle of her silk dress could long 
 after be recalled by Samuel Morris. The 
 crossing of Market Street and the other thor- 
 oughfares was made safer for the three chil- 
 dren by the colored servant who accompan- 
 ied them; theirs were not the dangers that 
 now threaten the pedestrian, but in the al- 
 leys pigs abounded, and were ridden by the 
 boys up and down before the school. This 
 pastime had no attraction for Samuel Morris. 
 
 (21 )
 
 His father, Samuel B. Morris felt the need 
 of wider environment, and in 1834 sold the 
 Walnut Street house, which since then has 
 been absorbed into "The Philadelphia Sav- 
 ings Fund," an Institution in which he had 
 become interested as one of its earliest man- 
 agers. The family of his wife, Hannah, 
 Perot, had owned since 1804 the former 
 Washington residence now numbered 5442 
 Main Street, Germantown. Here she passed 
 her childhood. On the settlement of the 
 estate of her father, Elliston Perot, in 1834, 
 Samuel B. Morris purchased the property 
 and afterwards resided there winter and 
 summer until his own death in 1859. 
 
 The lumbering four-horse stage-coach 
 from Bethlehem carried passengers and a 
 daily mail to the city on the turnpike through 
 one toll-gate after another, the railroad 
 trains were just beginning to run, but did 
 not venture after dark, or on wet days when 
 slippery tracks were an obstacle, horses be- 
 ing substituted for engines. The family of 
 Jane B. Haines were congenial relatives, and 
 her son Robert was a life-long friend of 
 Samuel Morris. Their rambles on the Wis- 
 sahickon, the climbing on the rocks of Cres- 
 heim gave vent to their exuberance, still 
 greater when their sisters came with them 
 and sat on the rocks with their needlework. 
 On the Church Lane hill their favorite pas- 
 time was flying kites. One which they 
 made, was so large that it flew away break- 
 ing the string and could not be captured. 
 Fifty years later, my father shouted one 
 
 (22)
 
 night in his sleep, and on being awakened, 
 he said he dreamed this huge kite had been 
 found: a curious instance of sub-conscious- 
 ness. 
 
 A latent strength of character is shown by 
 Samuel Morris when at the age of ten he 
 walked the six miles from Philadelphia to 
 Germantown alone, in order to save his fa- 
 ther anxiety over an unavoidable detention. 
 
 A summer school was now begun, com- 
 posed of two or three families taught by 
 Charles Jones, and held in the old coach- 
 house of General Washington, which stood 
 in the rear of the mansion. A row of lilac 
 bushes led to this one-story structure, and 
 from sketches made by the children under 
 their drawing master, we get fair ideas of 
 sunny windows and globes and maps. 
 
 Wmter brought the school indoors. A 
 literarv society too, they formed called "The 
 Eradelphian,' in the budget box of which 
 various juvenile contributions told of their 
 daily life, or journeys from home were re- 
 corded concerning the outside world. " Par- 
 ents Assistant," by Maria lidgeworth was 
 a favorite book, and the stories, each with 
 an excellent moral, had a lasting influence. 
 The habit of saving strings was founded upon 
 "Waste not, want not." Robinson Crusoe 
 was given to Samuel Morris as a reward for 
 readmg the two volumes of Sanford and 
 Mcrton. This was one of the first bookc 
 written for children, and Day, the author, 
 drew good lessons for boys, in the characters 
 of "Harry and Tommv;" "The Basket Mak- 
 
 (23 )
 
 er," in one of the tales, in Sanford and Mer- 
 to'n, led the father of Samuel Morris to have 
 that industry taught his children, believing 
 that handicrafts are an excellent employ- 
 ment. Saddlery too was thoroughly entered 
 into, and an outfit bought, so that it became 
 practical, and many a broken strap was 
 mended by my father in his mature years. 
 To see him astride the wooden frame, mak- 
 ing a leather harness for his children's 
 trained goat, gave them a proof of his skill 
 and interest in their pastimes. 
 
 The early years of Samuel Morris were a 
 training in philanthropic thought and work; 
 for his father was one whose heart and hand 
 were always open. Thus the boy would ac- 
 company him to the Friends' Asylum in 
 Frankford and the tact and love shown to 
 the patients by him prepared the way for 
 my father to take the position of manager 
 for forty-five years, and he became Presi- 
 dent of the Institution from 1888 to 1902. 
 A cordial greeting was extended to each 
 patient and many gave Samuel B. Morris a 
 welcome. But an old man who had been a 
 minister among Friends, sat in a dejected 
 way and would give no sign of recognition to 
 my grandfather, who however, kept up year 
 after year, the hearty grasp of the hand and 
 an invitation to walk with him. At last the 
 spell was broken, the Friend was restored to 
 his right mind and to his home, again re- 
 suming his place in meeting. Being thus on 
 a visit to Samuel B. Morris, he said, one day 
 after Bible reading: "My dear brother, I can 
 
 ( 24 )
 
 now thank thee for the comfort thou gave 
 me when I was unable to respond. 'I hou 
 wast not ashamed of my chain. " 
 
 An instance of spiritual insight was wit- 
 nessed when the Journal of Thomas Shilli^oe 
 was read aloud in the same family at their 
 usual First-day afternoon gathering; at its 
 close this aged minister said, "There is one 
 present, who has committed a grevious sin 
 and who should return and confess it." The 
 Scotch servant, when alone with her mis- 
 tress, exclaimed "Who told that gentleman 
 about me?" "Ko one," was the answer, 
 "we know of nothing to tell!" Perceiving 
 that the message came from a Divine source, 
 the woman had no peace of mind, until in a 
 few days she started for her former home 
 with the Duke of Athol in Scotland. On 
 arriving, she confessed a wrong that she had 
 done when in service, and was restored 
 to her former place, grateful and happy. 
 
 The time was now nearing for Samuel 
 Morris to leave the paternal roof, and to 
 enter Haverford school, while his sister went 
 to West town. Th.e wrench from so tender 
 a father made him sad, as shown by his let- 
 ters and verses. The custom of memoriz- 
 ing and reciting poems on lirst-day evenings 
 gave a store of poetry, chielly religious, to 
 the children of Samuel B. jVorris. My fath- 
 er's great love for prxMry led him to express 
 pity for that type of mind, which linds in it 
 no pleasure. When first introduced to Ten- 
 nyson's "In Mcmorian," he read it through 
 in one evening, and then saturated with its 
 
 3 ( 2/i )
 
 wealth of thought, he lay awake the entire 
 night, absorbed in the completeness of the 
 poem. "The Excursion" by Wordsworth 
 was also a favorite. 
 
 Avoidance of personalities was a strong 
 feature in his character. "Talk about things 
 rather than about people!" he would 
 say; so gossip became distasteful to him, and 
 the prevalence of it in society and among 
 neighbors, made him long for their broader 
 outlook and deeper thought. Seeing the 
 mischief wrought by tattling, he would plead 
 with the young to cultivate sensible reading 
 so that their minds might be wisely furnished. 
 
 Most modern novels he considered con- 
 ducive to a lower standard than that of the 
 true Christian; right and wrong being so 
 mingled, that plain Gospel truth becomes 
 lost or crowded out by specious arguments 
 in favor of evil. Moreover, the habit of 
 light reading is so belittling, that the victim 
 of it becomes unable to rise into a pure moral 
 atmosphere or to imbibe the thoughts of 
 truly great writers. He, however, admitted 
 that some authors have, in the form of fic- 
 tion, aided the world. 
 
 One day while lying idly in the grass 
 watching the flight of a flock of swallows 
 overhead, he threw a stone among them and 
 was shocked to see a bird fall at his feet; the 
 sight of its suffering, the knowledge that he 
 had destroyed its life, made him resolve then 
 and there never to kill for sport. The ten- 
 derness of his nature thus developed, and he 
 loved the innocent gaiety of animal life. A 
 
 (26 )
 
 field-mouse he found once in a pile of logs 
 which he was moving. She knew her little 
 ones' nest there would be discovered and she 
 carried them one by one, by the back of the 
 neck, as a cat does her kittens. Her des- 
 tination for them was an empty crows'-nest 
 in the top of a high tree, and my father 
 watched with eager eye, her frequent jour- 
 neys up the perpendicular ascent. 
 
 A similar instance of maternal love was 
 told by our mother. In a country meeting- 
 house she found in a cushion a mouse's nest, 
 as the Friends were dispersing. Taking the 
 little ones, bare and shivering in their hands, 
 three little girls, (of whom she was one) sat 
 on the floor and held them out toward the 
 anxious mother. She crept nearer, her fear 
 for herself lost in solicitude for them, and 
 then she took each wee creature by turn 
 from the delighted children and hid it in a 
 cranny. Such intimacy with the humbler 
 animals makes us love them, and foolish fear 
 on our part is forgotten, their rare instincts 
 leading us to respect them. 
 
 Gauntry life was most attractive to Sam- 
 uel Morris, and after Haverford was left, 
 he went to study farming at the home of J. 
 Benington in Chester County, Penna., at 
 Glen Mills; and we can picture him guiding 
 the oxen by the windings of the stream, as 
 haying and harvesting succeeded each other. 
 
 The family of Samuel liettle also spent 
 the summer there, and many men were hired 
 for the busy .season. I hus came the strange 
 coincidence that nine Samuels were in the 
 
 (27 )
 
 household at once. The surveying and build- 
 ing of the West Chester Railroad were a 
 source of much interest. The stalwart form 
 of J. Benington, his integrity and quiet 
 dignity made him a centre and a tower of 
 strength throughout most of his long life of 
 over one hundred years. 
 
 Veneration for "weighty Friends," tak- 
 ing sweet counsel with them, was a marked 
 characteristic in Samuel Morris's earlier 
 days. The reading of Friends' distinctive 
 literature made him feel the secret power 
 that lay in these recorded lives; and he 
 sought and found it for himself. Yet the 
 human touch of those near him, he felt a still 
 greater comfort. 
 
 Thomas Evans, Alfred Cope, Eliza Gurney 
 Hannah Rhoads and others he valued as 
 spiritual counsellors. To the ministry of 
 women, he said he owned more than to that 
 of men. 
 
 Elizabeth Robeson was an acknowledged 
 minister in the Germantown Meeting, and 
 she lived at the confluence of the Schuykill 
 and Wissahickon. Her farm was a rare 
 place for botanists; it is now absorbed in 
 Fairmount Park. Her stepson Jonathan, 
 though a sufferer from deformity of body, 
 was yet most loving in spirit; so that a doc- 
 tor said of him, "Some are endowed with the 
 milk of human kindness, but Jonathan Robe- 
 son has the cream !" So we can easily ima- 
 gine his welcome at the meeting, as he and 
 his mother arrived in their quamt chair (or 
 chaise) ; the Johnsons, the Logans and a 
 
 (28)
 
 few other families forming the congregation. 
 The fine ash trees which now stand there, 
 with wide spreading branches, were planted 
 by him. The meeting-house in those days 
 occupied the site of the present school, while 
 the original one had been nearer the main 
 street under the great buttonwood in the 
 graveyard. 
 
 As an inmate of the family of Sam'l B. Mor- 
 ris for several years, we find Beulah (Biddle) 
 Sansom, their aunt by marriage. She was a 
 minister, and greatly prized for her sound 
 judgment. After her death, the three chil- 
 dren were taken by their father unto the 
 room where she lay, but the sorrow of death 
 did not appall them, for he had one of them 
 to recite a poem, which lifted them all to the 
 true sense of her eternal happiness. It was 
 as follows: 
 
 A cloud lay cradled near the setting sun, 
 A gleam of crimson tinged its braided snow, 
 
 Long had I watched its glory moving on 
 O'er the still radiance of the lake below. 
 
 Tranquil its spirit seemefl, and floated slow. 
 Even in its very motion there was rest, 
 
 And every breath of eve that chanced to blow, 
 Waftecl the traveler to the beauteous west. 
 
 Emblem methought of tlic dei)arting saint 
 
 To whose white robes the gleam of bliss is given, 
 
 And by the breath of mercy made to roll 
 
 Right onward to the goldoii gntcs of heaven, 
 
 Where t^) the eye it j)cacoful lies, 
 
 And tells to man its glorious destiny. 
 
 (29)
 
 The time had now come for a farm to be 
 bought, and Samuel Morris with his father 
 looked at many in their vicinity, deciding 
 finally on one near Olney, six miles north of 
 the city, where natural beauties were rarely 
 combined. " My son," exclaimed the parent 
 as he saw through the trees the winding 
 Tacony below them, "this is the right farm, 
 we will build the house in this spot." So 
 residing temporarily near by, the young 
 man began the cultivation of the soil, also 
 overseeing the erection of the new home and 
 greatly enlarging the barn; near which stood 
 a magnificent walnut tree, three hundred 
 years old. 
 
 When all was ready, his marriage to Lydia 
 Spencer of Gwynedd Meeting was accom- 
 plished early in 1853. She was well-known to 
 the family of Samuel B. Morris, having been 
 invited as a girl to make her home with them 
 and attend their school; her practical worth 
 and ability endearing her to them all, while 
 her knowledge of life and domestic duties 
 was soon to be brought into service. She 
 became an elder in the meeting and held 
 other offices, but was retiring in her nature; 
 a severe illness made her an invalid in her 
 latter years; yet through heat and cold the 
 four-mile drive twice a week to Germantown 
 meeting was seldom if ever omitted, while 
 Samuel Morris also could say that he had 
 been present at every session of every Yearly 
 Meeting in Philadelphia from his twelfth 
 year to his seventy-eighth — except at the 
 time of his foreign journeys and on two 
 
 (30)
 
 funeral occasions. The mid-week drive to 
 Germantown brought about in a simple way, 
 a benefit to his neighbors. Some of them, 
 who worked in factory villages near Olney, 
 asked him to carry for them small sums of 
 money to the Savings Fund in Germantown, 
 so that a hundred or more depositors thus 
 laid by their earnings and were enabled to 
 build their own houses; their accumulated 
 amount at one time being thirty thousand 
 dollars. This aid gave these neighbors a 
 regard for Samuel Morris and they often 
 asked his advice in business afl'airs and in 
 making their wills. 
 
 Samuel B. Morris earlier had the same 
 desire to "help people to help themselves" — 
 he, with a few philanthropic men, devoted 
 themselves to the experiment of the Phila- 
 delphia Savings Fund, early in the last cen- 
 tury renting a room at Fifth and Walnut 
 Streets and acting as cashiers in turn. The 
 stability and wonderful growth now at- 
 tained by this Institution, attest its firm 
 basis. '1 his in turn led to the founding by 
 his effort in 1854 of tlie Cjermantown Savings 
 Fund. Its managers \\'ere disinterested 
 gentlemen who received no salary nor al- 
 lowed dividends, preferring a low per cent, 
 with safe investments. So it now has a wide 
 patronage and has enlarged the building. 
 
 My father loved to trace the Divine Guid- 
 ance in daily secular matters. "The man 
 who marks (jod's Providence will never miss 
 a Providence to mark," he would say. Fs- 
 
 (31 )
 
 pecially he felt this, in the choice of men on 
 nis farm, for as the cares of the church in- 
 creased, he handed C!\er the actual work to 
 those who could give the farm undivided 
 attention, reserving only a few acres for his 
 ov. n garden. Thus v\ hile he was in his mea- 
 dow one morning, a day laborer came along 
 the road, his coat on his arm, and said, "Do 
 you want a man who can work?" His 
 English color and heartiness v^'ere attractive, 
 and Samuel Morris said, "that is exactly 
 what I am wishing for." So, crossing the 
 fence; he began to dig a drain as directed, 
 and so thorough was he, that after a few 
 weeks of such toil, he spoke of his family 
 lately arrived like himseli from Lancashire, 
 and his sturdy efficiency caused his promotion 
 as farmer, the place being divided between 
 himself and his brother-in-law. Methodists 
 they v/ere, of the old-fashioned type, singing 
 c?rols under our windows on Christmas Eve, 
 full of ardor, energy and intelligence. At 
 the end of fifteen years, like their predeces- 
 sor, they had laid by enough to purchase 
 farms of their own, and are now influential 
 members of their community, one a bank 
 director and going frequently to see his 
 friends in England. This laudable ambition 
 to buy land for themselves was successful in 
 five instances among the farmers employed 
 by my father, and was mentioned by him 
 to a )Oung enthusiast v/ho wished the Gov- 
 ernment to own all real estate. " 'Tis a rare 
 case, an e>:ceptional one!" was all this visitor 
 could say, as he saw his theories confuted in 
 
 (32)
 
 a series of facts, and that here, friendship 
 and respect existed between landlord and 
 tenant. The same family in another genera- 
 tion followed and after them still younger 
 ones are on the same farm, aiming in their 
 turn to become future owners elsewhere, but 
 keeping the soil in high cultivation for 
 market-gardening, without impoverishment. 
 
 The name of Olney was given by Alexan- 
 der Wilson, to his own residence. He was a 
 Friend from England who admired the poet 
 Cowper and was intimate with Israel W. 
 Morris of Green Hill. He owned the farm 
 adjoining ours on the south, and the post 
 office and village also took the name. On 
 his death about 1830, the property was 
 bought by Samuel Ford, who was mstru- 
 mental in establishing the school and closing 
 the tavern, so that for many years no liquor 
 could be bought. The village has now 
 grown to suburoan dimensions, and in addi- 
 tion to the Methodists who predominate, 
 several other churches have arisen, in its 
 free Library for the working people, Samuel 
 Morris took an active interest for many years 
 as its treasurer, choosing the books, talking 
 to the children who gathered there in the 
 evenings, and encouraging the Librarian. 
 
 In Oermantown in 1846, a nucleus of a 
 Free Library was formed by Samuel B. 
 Morris, who gave three hundred volumes, 
 and one of his children then acted as Librar- 
 ian. This so interested Alfred Cope that he 
 aided it largely in adding to the volumes; 
 he with his brother Henry finally erected a 
 
 ( 33 )
 
 suitable building adjoining the meeting- 
 house premises. About this time Friends 
 appointed a committee to choose a Board 
 of Managers of whom Samuel Morris was one, 
 and so continued throughout his life. It 
 has grown to such dimensions that twenty- 
 three thousand volumes are now on its 
 shelves and twenty-two thousand eight 
 hundred and ten readers have enjoyed its 
 benefits during the past year. The exclu- 
 sion of novels makes it unique among Libra- 
 ries, and it proves that the public can appre- 
 ciate solid reading when light authors are 
 not patronized. 
 
 A sad accident came to my father in early 
 life, soon after his marriage. While ham- 
 mering a piece of iron one day, a sharp flake 
 of it entered his right eye, destroying the 
 sight. For two weeks he suffered intensely 
 and then relief came gradually. His fre- 
 quent inability to recognize strangers, some- 
 times led them to question his passing them 
 without a greeting. Yet the remaining eye 
 did double duty and seemed to possess al- 
 most the power of both, in writing and read- 
 ing. His personal account-books were beau- 
 tifully accurate, and often he would say, 
 " 1 have been balancing accounts to-day and 
 took much time, but they are right to a cent." 
 
 One of his children when asked the voca- 
 tion of her father answered, " He is in the 
 Committee Business." Thus the prepara- 
 tion of Reports, Memorials and Appeals fell 
 largely to his share. I remember once that 
 he checked my impatience over a friend who 
 
 ( 34 )
 
 had needlessly altered his composition, 
 striking out forcible words and bringing it 
 down to a narrow sphere. Admitting his 
 own to be the best, he quietly changed it 
 and quoted the text, "Charity endureth all 
 things, is not easily provoked, thinketh no 
 evil," but he regretted the tendency of some 
 to repress all feeling. On my expressing 
 wonder at his ability to bear with those who 
 are "so afraid to do wrong that they cannot 
 do right," he said, "My mission seems to be 
 to keep the wheels from sinking so deeply 
 into the ruts that they will stop entirely; ' 
 and this idea he carried out in actual life, for 
 in our frequent rides, he would to relieve the 
 horse, walk up the steep hills and would 
 there pick up and cast aside any loose stones, 
 exemplifying his constant endeavor to 
 remove impediments from the highway 
 whether material or spiritual. In his read- 
 ing aloud from the " Pennsylvania Pilgrim," 
 we find he marked many verses, among them 
 these. Whittier here refers to Daniel Pas- 
 torius, a Friend who was one of German- 
 town's early settlers, and vet it is a word- 
 picture of my father himself: 
 
 "And, greeting all with (juiet smile nnil word 
 Pastorius went his way. Tlie uiiKC'ircil l)ir(l 
 Sang at his .side; scarcely the squirrel stirred 
 At his hushed footstep on the mossy sod; 
 And whercso'er the goo<l iTian looked or trod, 
 lie felt the peace of nature? and of (lod." 
 
 His spiritual life had not been unclouded 
 in his early years, apathy and douhl had 
 assailed him. but he h.ul been enabled by 
 
 ( .'i.i )
 
 Divine Grace to receive Christ as his only 
 hope of salvation, and, "to attain that high 
 atmosphere where duty and inclination are 
 merged into one, and thereby life's most 
 wearing conflict is ended." If we remember 
 rightly his first message to be given to the 
 meeting, was in Germantown, when he only 
 quoted the words of David: " He brought me 
 up also out of an horrible pit, out of the miry 
 clay and set my feet upon a Rock and estab- 
 lished my goings, and He hath put a new 
 song into my mouth, even praise unto our 
 God." Here he sat down, yet we can aptly 
 add the remainder of the verse as exempli- 
 fied in him: "Many shall see it and fear, and 
 shall trust in the Lord." His confirmation 
 as a minister came in the year 1864. 
 
 The strengthening of smaller meetings lay 
 much upon his heart and he received a call 
 to visit many of them in New Jersey and 
 Pennsylvania, though himself a novice. 
 On reaching Salem, with a minute for relig- 
 ious service, he felt the weight of it and could 
 not sleep. Thomas Evans on hearing this, 
 said, "Now my young friend, this will not 
 do, this is no way to begin work." Thus my 
 father gained strength and learned to rest 
 easily, realizing that "underneath are the 
 everlasting Arms." Again we find him at 
 the hospitable home of David Roberts near 
 Moorestown, arriving on a stormy night and 
 with such a severe sore throat that he could 
 not talk. The medical knowledge of Rachel 
 Roberts here came into service, "Will thou 
 promise to follow my directions?" said she. 
 
 (36)
 
 So with hot applications to his feet and a 
 dose of "No. 6," a peppery Thompsonian 
 remedy, she burnt him inwardly and out- 
 wardly ; but in the morning he rose quite well 
 and able to go to meeting. 
 
 "And though he holy were and virtuous, 
 He was to sinful man naught despitous; 
 To draw folks to heaven by fairnesse 
 By good ensample, this was his busynesse. 
 
 But Christe's love and his Apostles twelve 
 He taught, but first he followed it himself." 
 
 So sang Chaucer in his description of a 
 true minister of the Gospel, and we may 
 justly apply this thought to our present 
 subject. Not alone in his sermons but in 
 daily life my father would present forcibly 
 and in a winning way, the Christian course 
 as he understood it. 
 
 During a journey, he once met a young 
 Episcopal clergyman, who fell into discourse 
 concerning the essentials of Christianity, 
 and dwelt on the importance of Baptism 
 and the Lord's Supper. " Yet," said he, 
 "one thing has always puzzled me. I had 
 an aunt who was a Friend, and if ever there 
 was a saint on earth, she was one; yet 
 no Ritual was in her creed." "Thou hast 
 solved thy own problem," Samuel Morris 
 answered, "If so perfect a life as hers was 
 attained without tnese ceremonies, why may 
 not thou and I and everyone dispense with 
 them?" 
 
 Again we find him touching a sympathetic 
 
 (37 )
 
 chord by a word fitly spoken. In a city 
 restuarant he sat near a young man who 
 before eating, silently covered his face and 
 gave thanks. As they were about leaving, 
 my father went to him and expressed his 
 appreciation of the act, saying that he him- 
 self felt reproved for not doing so openly, 
 and that this confession of Christ before men 
 might have its influence. The young man 
 thanked him warmly and said how heavy 
 his heart had been, but now this evidence of 
 sympathy was most cheering; that he was a 
 Methodist and was striving to follow the 
 right Master. The two parted like old 
 friends, though they had never met before. 
 During a ride to evening meeting 1 asked 
 my father why, when Friends believe in the 
 doctrine of Perfection, they should distrust 
 and censure those who claimed its attain- 
 ment. His reply was most characteristic, 
 that since humility and self abasement were 
 essential marks of the true Christian, those 
 who sound their own praises subject them- 
 selves to suspicion on this very account and 
 cannot know their own hearts. The best 
 men he had ever known, were the most hum- 
 ble. On my repeating the verse, 
 
 "If our hearts were but more simple, 
 We would take Him at his word. 
 And our lives would be all sunshine 
 In the presence of the Lord; " 
 
 he said that it was most true and precious, 
 and that those who deny this, rob the Chris- 
 tian life of one of its great charms. Often he 
 would apologize for a hasty word or an im- 
 
 (38)
 
 patient spirit of his own, which to those 
 around him was scarcely preceptible, but 
 proved his desire for growth in grace. A 
 man who was fond of personahties on a cer- 
 tain occasion praised my father to his face 
 and he turned away saying, " I must not 
 listen, thou art giving me poison." 
 
 Once at Cain Quarterly Meeting he met 
 with Joseph Walton, and the conversation 
 turning on humility Samuel Morris repeated 
 a poem with the title beginning, 
 
 "Oh learn that it is only by the lowly 
 The paths of Peace are trod." 
 
 Six verses or more followed, and Joseph 
 Walton greatly admired them. On their 
 meeting at the same place two years later, 
 Joseph Walton recited the greater part of 
 It saying he had never seen or heard it but 
 once. 
 
 As one of our Yearly Meeting's Committee 
 for the care of the Indians, Samuel Morris 
 frequently went to Tunesassa to visit the 
 Senecas in that region and the school there 
 established for their children. He would 
 laughingly tell us of his cool reception on 
 arriving, for the Indians had little venera- 
 tion for men in middle life, and their one de- 
 sire was to see Ebene/.er Worth and Thomas 
 Wistar whose counsel they valued; they 
 would crowd around the dfior of the car- 
 riage, one would peer in to see, who had come 
 from the city of " Brotherly Love," and then 
 with a significant "ugh" he would turn 
 away, and a series of grunts from the others 
 
 (39 )
 
 would be rather discouraging. As a younger 
 generation of them came on the scene, they 
 were more genial and cordial, anxious for 
 advice in the management of their land, as 
 it increased in value and the whites began to 
 rent it, the town of Salamanca sponging 
 up in their midst. My father often referred 
 to the wisdom of a Christian Indian, who 
 had an acquaintance, an open unbeliever, 
 who was endeavoring to unsettle his child- 
 like faith. The old argument was brought 
 forward that we are not bound to believe 
 what we cannot understand, questioning the 
 Triune Nature of God. The Indian simply 
 answered by a simile near at hand — " Here 
 is the Allegheny River beside us, you see the 
 snow lying on the ice, and the ice on the 
 water, the sun shines and they three become 
 one element. This is a mystery, but not 
 beyond our ability to receive." 
 
 J. E. Carter accompanied Samuel Morris 
 on a religious visit to other Indian Reserva- 
 tions in New York State, and he tells the 
 following anecdote: A meeting was interrupt- 
 ed by two dogs fighting, and the Indians 
 evidently enjoyed the situation. My father 
 merely paused in his sermon, opened the 
 door, drove out the combatants and resumed 
 his discourse undisturbed. On the same 
 journey we find an older Friend with S. M. 
 and J. E. C. The three lodged with some 
 kind missionaries, and on sitting down to 
 breakfast they were asked to say "Grace." 
 The older Friend replied curtly that such 
 was not the custom in our religious Society, 
 
 (40 )
 
 at which the hostess looked pained and 
 displeased. But my father came to the 
 rescue, by explaining briefly in a pleasant 
 way, that although we did not give thanks 
 audibly in form, yet we always had a silence 
 on that account, and he hoped that their 
 presence might not prevent any expression 
 on the part of the family. She therefore 
 said "Grace" and harmony was restored by 
 affability, which had been well-nigh lost by 
 injudicious harshness. 
 
 In the summer of 1877, Samuel Morris 
 went with a Minute to Friends and others 
 in Canada, having Thomas P. Cope as his 
 companion. From his Journal we quote: — 
 
 "Sixth Month loth. — John Hodgson is an 
 old settler, English by birth, and "took up" 
 about one hundred and fifty acres of unbrok- 
 en timber land some forty years ago. With 
 no other tools than an ax and an inch auger, 
 and no other help than a yoke of oxen, a pair 
 of strong arms, and a brave heart, he put up 
 a shanty where his wife and he began the 
 business of life. The great trees fell before 
 his axe, crops followed and the family in- 
 creased, and we now found them in a new 
 and comfortable dwelling, though of a style 
 somewhat original, put up almost entirely 
 by John himself, the machine for making the 
 shingles on the roof his own contrivance; 
 the plastering done with his own hands. A 
 family consisting of six lusty sons and daugh- 
 ters, with the gentle spirited mother still 
 living, gather round his table, while barns 
 and cattle and sheep and about one hundred 
 
 4 ( 41 )
 
 acres of cleared land covered with promising 
 crops, are the reward of their honest toil. 
 With the morning had come a strong, cool 
 breeze and clearing weather, and we walked 
 to the little meeting house in the corner of a 
 neighboring wood — a neatly painted build- 
 ing, put up on J. H.'s land and at his own 
 expense — the meeting being regarded as 
 'indulged.' 
 
 "20th. — William Colquhoun met us, and 
 we drove to the house of his father, Alex. 
 Colquhoun at Hibbert. Here we found 
 ourselves in a settlement of worthy Scotch 
 people — Alex. Colquhoun and his wife Eliza- 
 beth having migrated from the mother coun- 
 try some forty years ago, with their parents 
 who had taken up land in another part of 
 Canada. Elizabeth Colquhoun's brother, 
 J as. Dow, who had married Alex. Colqu- 
 houn's sister, was living within sight, and 
 around them were settled several married 
 children of both families. Their well-tilled 
 farms and comfortable homesteads bespoke 
 true Scotch thriftiness, and their long resi- 
 dence this side the Atlantic had scarcely 
 modified the blunt honest manners of their 
 race, while from their rich brogue one might 
 imagine them but just landed on our shores, 
 it was most interesting to hear their recital 
 of the manner of life and the rough exper- 
 iences of the earlier settlers of the country. 
 Among other incidents which Elizabeth 
 Colquhoun recalled as illustrating the hard- 
 ships of her own children, she told us that 
 her brother and herself when twelve to four- 
 
 ( 42 )
 
 teen years old, were expected to carry each 
 week the grain for the family supplies to the 
 nearest mill about seven miles away. There 
 they waited till the grist was ground, when 
 slinging the bags on their shoulders, they 
 trudged home again. As a reward of their 
 well-directed industry, the evening of life 
 was passing quietly away, surrounded by 
 comforts of which they had known little in 
 their younger years, and a quiet content- 
 ment and thankfulness seemed to be their 
 prevailing spirit. 
 
 "At the Yearly Meeting, an address from 
 the 'Temperance Alliance of Canada' to 
 the various bodies of professing Christians, 
 desiring their co-operation in procuring a 
 prohibitory Liquor Law was read and direct- 
 ed to be laid before the Yearly Meeting. 
 There appearing to be no standing committee 
 for the publication or dissemination of the 
 standard writings of Friends, 1 took the lib- 
 erty of calling the attention of the meeting 
 to the importance of the subject, and sug- 
 gested the appointment of a few Friends to 
 take it into consideration. My concern ap- 
 peared to take a lively hold of several Friends 
 and a committee consisting of Adam Spencer 
 Benj. Cody, Henry Lapp and A. llaight were 
 appointed to inquire mto the condition of 
 Preparative and Monthly Meeting Librar- 
 ies, and as they found it clesirabjr, they were 
 authorized to enlarge or replenish them. 
 I can but hope that good may grow out of 
 the movement, in more ways than one. 
 
 "Seventh Month 1 6th. —We drove to the 
 
 (4.3 )
 
 Mohawk Institute near Brantford, main- 
 tained by the 'New England Company,' 
 an association organized in England during 
 the reign of Queen Anne, 'for the Civiliza- 
 tion and Christianizing of the Indians of 
 North America.' The children of any of 
 'the Six Nations' are admitted at this 
 school and now number about ninety. Near- 
 ly all of the needed labor on the farm is car- 
 ried on by the boys, the girls doing all the 
 work indoors, including making and mend- 
 ing their own clothing and that of the boys. 
 Jacob Barefoot, a Mohawk who had been 
 educated here, and recently ordained a min- 
 ister in the church of England, is acceptably 
 filling the superintendent's place. We be- 
 lieve the Institute is doing a good work for 
 the Indians in these parts. 
 
 " 17th. — To meet the Council of the Six 
 Nations is proposed for us. The Reserva- 
 tion set apart for them, is on the Grand River 
 and contains fifty-two thousand acres, capa- 
 ble of fair cultivation. Well-built houses 
 and barns and lands in good condition, 
 marked the thriftiness of several owners. 
 
 "The session of the Council was opened by 
 the superintendent who ex officio presides 
 and keeps a record of their proceedings. He 
 told us that their deliberations were marked 
 with much good sense and decorum. On 
 either side of the platform were arranged 
 two rows of arm chairs occupied by the coun- 
 cillors of the Senecas, Tuscaroras, Mohawks, 
 Cayugas and Oneidas and beyond them were 
 seated the three chiefs of the Onondagas, 
 
 ( 44 )
 
 'Custodians of the Wampum.' After many 
 speeches had been made, I told them we were 
 truly glad to find large numbers of different 
 tribes living peacefully as brothers enjoying 
 the protection of the good Government of 
 Canada. 1 spoke of Wm. Penn. An elderly 
 Indian replied he was glad to see these 
 Friends from Philadelphia, their words had 
 done them good. Another speaker had 
 something to say in admiration of Wm. Penn 
 and his principles of peace. Before parting 
 they wished to show their appreciation by 
 shaking hands with us and it was quite in 
 our hearts to respond to their simple re- 
 quest." 
 
 "A meeting at Toronto had been arranged 
 for and notices distributed, a railroad strike 
 made carriage travel necessary, and three 
 laborious days of slow progress, ended in 
 disappointment. Referring to this the Jour- 
 nal continues: "This third and last failure to 
 obtain such a meeting has been a very close 
 trial of faith; for so clearly had 1 seemed to 
 see my duty in seeking an opportunity with 
 the more serious of the Christian professors 
 in Toronto, even before leaving my home, 
 that I was brought narrowly to scrutinize 
 the ground of my concern. But knowing 
 that it had been only after much struggle 
 against my own inclination, 1 was made will- 
 ing to believe the secret exercises had been 
 at least good for myself, not excepting this 
 last close trial of faith and pati(Mice. And 
 now the burden seemed in good measure re- 
 
 ( 45 )
 
 moved, accompanied with a quiet trust that 
 the will had been accepted for the service, 
 or that the right time for its accomplishment 
 had not come. 
 
 "At Toronto we were introduced to Alex. 
 Graham Bell, a college professor. The de- 
 velopment if not the invention of that won- 
 derful instrument, the telephone, is to be 
 attributed to him, and we were greatly inter- 
 ested in his lucid description of it, as well 
 as the philosophical principles upon which 
 it acts." Thefollowing letter of Samuel Mor- 
 ris to his son aged ten, was dated at 
 
 " RocKwooD, Ontario, Sixth Mo. 22, 1877. 
 
 " My dear little hoy: — 
 
 "Never a day passes but one and all of you 
 come before me in my minds' eye, almost 
 as if you were really here far away in Canada, 
 or I m your midst again. Last night I woke 
 feeling sure 1 was at home, and turning over 
 went very comfortably to sleep; but when 
 my eyes again opened the sun was streaming 
 into our little chamber eight feet square, and 
 I felt no doubt I was at Rockwood, one of 
 the most pleasant places we have yet found 
 in our travels. Well-named indeed it is, 
 for we reached J. E. Harris's house only after 
 half a mile walk (baggage in hand), along a 
 little stream, which seemed long, long ago 
 to have cut its way through deep beds of 
 limestone that were broken into great rocks, 
 or cut almost perpendicularly on either hand. 
 At length we reached the woolen mills of 
 Harris & Co., built upon the side of the 
 
 ( 46 )
 
 stream, with neat little dwellings for the 
 work-people near by, while high up on the 
 hill above us was the home of the Friend who 
 with his brother owns the mill. The house 
 is new, one-story high, so snug and well- 
 planned that 1 should like your dear mother 
 to see it, were it not that 1 'm afraid she 
 might almost grow covetous. A neat little 
 garden of flowers and vegetables is flourish- 
 ing on the sunny side, while down the steep 
 hill are the mills and the stream as it winds 
 its way among the rocks and beautiful woods 
 of white cedar. Here we find three clever 
 little boys without a sister, William and 
 Charles and Edwin. They all go to school, 
 but Edwin has not learned to write yet. 1 
 read to him and Charles just now thy letter, 
 which seemed to interest them. I don't 
 think the idea of collecting either birds'- 
 eggs or insects had as yet entered their heads, 
 and the latter seemed quite a mystery until 
 1 explained the process. 1 heir good mother 
 understands her boys very well and they all 
 seem kind and gentle and loving, so that it 
 is very pleasant for us to spena a day and 
 two nights in such a home. 
 
 "Then another boy 1 must tell thee about, 
 with whom we met two days ago. His name 
 was Jacob Stover, about twelve years old. 
 Like some boys I know, he could not bear 
 shoes and stockings, but not like some boys, 
 he wore pants made of wool from his father's 
 sheep, which his mother spun with her own 
 hands. We were to have a meeting in that 
 neighborhood in the evening and soon Jacob 
 
 ( 47 )
 
 was off to give notice to the people; the horse 
 he was to ride got away from him and he had 
 a long chase to catch him. A business boy 
 was Jacob, and he would have us out to see 
 his potato patch, where to be sure, was a 
 show of the very best grown potatoes we 
 have seen in Canada, coming into full bloom, 
 not a weed, and with the help of a friendly 
 rooster, the bugs were effectually kept down; 
 all had been his own work from first to last, 
 and Jacob was to have the profits. But I 
 was not a little pleased to observe the anx- 
 iety of this boy to have us see his older 
 brother Milton s shop; he had built it all 
 himself; upon the roof was a windmill that 
 turned some wheel-work connected with it 
 most vigorously, and inside was a turning 
 lathe made almost entirely of wood, while 
 sleds and notions of various sorts, all of Mil- 
 ton's making, were ranged round the shop. 
 So thou sees, there are clever boys every- 
 where, and 1 love to think what good men 
 you may all make some day. Thy account 
 of thy own occupations at home was very 
 satisfactory, and that you have so nearly 
 gotten the better of the potato bugs is truly 
 encouraging. 
 
 " 1 am so glad my dear boy, thou art at 
 home while I am away, it makes me quite 
 comfortable to think of it, and to feel sure 
 thou art trying to do thy part in making thy 
 mother and sister happy. 
 
 "Thy ever affectionate father, 
 
 "Samuel Morris." 
 
 (48)
 
 In the autumn of 1879 Samuel Morris felt 
 drawn to visit Friends in North CaroHna, and 
 P. P. Dunn accompanied him in a truly 
 fraternal way. A record of this journey my 
 father kept, from which we make brief ex- 
 tracts; but his reviews of his own sermons 
 fall far short of their original freshness and 
 power. We have not the personality and 
 the graceful flow of language which so clearly 
 aided the life of his communications. 
 
 " The something which we name and cannot know, 
 Even as we name a star, and only see 
 His quenchless flasliings forth, which ever show 
 And ever hide him, and which are not he." 
 
 Near Greensboro, the large family of Wm. 
 Hockett was visited, and to this the Journal 
 refers: 
 
 "This venerable patriarch now in his 
 eightv-first year is enjoying a green old age, 
 still bringing forth the precious fruits of a 
 well-spent life and a heart seasoned with 
 Divine grace. By the light of his cheerful 
 hearth, we greatly enjoyed listening to a re- 
 cital of his trials and experiences during 
 the dark days of the war, his anxiety for his 
 sons, three of whom were at one time forced 
 into the Confederate army, and one of whom 
 (William) was after many hardships and 
 much persecution, taken by the Union offi- 
 cers as prisoner of war to Fort Delaware, 
 where, through the intervention of Philadel- 
 phia Friends, he was released and sent to his 
 relatives in I ndiana, from whence he was not 
 permitted to return till the war was over." 
 
 ( 49 )
 
 On a visit to a meeting where acknowledg- 
 ment of three Friends as ministers was under 
 consideration, Samuel Morris spoke of the 
 important relationship which they occupy 
 toward their fellow-members, their position 
 as exponents of the doctrines and views of the 
 Society, also the need of child-like depen- 
 dence upon the blessed Head of the Church 
 and the harmony that is known when the 
 members are each keeping their right places 
 in the Truth. 
 
 "The good people were exceedingly kind 
 and we parted from them in much love." 
 
 "Warnersville is a settlement just outside 
 Greensboro, with a population of some five 
 hundred colored people. Many of the 
 houses are neat and comfortable; nearly all 
 the money due in the purchase of the land 
 had been paid. We were interested to fmd 
 that the memory of our friend Yardley War- 
 ner, as the acknowledged founder, is held in 
 lively gratitude for his earnest and eflfective 
 labors. 
 
 "Attended their regular week-day meet- 
 ing at New Garden, Eleventh Month 19th. 
 Within a short walk is the Boarding School 
 from which came the fifty children, among 
 them a number of bright faces. One-half we 
 understood were members with Friends. 
 We were received with much kindness, and 
 in parting with the superintendent, he said 
 with some feeling, he was glad we had been 
 among them and felt we were in our right 
 places. 
 
 "Holly Spring, Eleventh Month 22nd. — 
 
 ( 50 )
 
 The Quarterly meeting this a. m. was well- 
 attended. Divers testimonies were delivered 
 and petitions offered for help and blessing. 
 1 found freedom to say that coming from a 
 distant Yearly Meeting, I had been reminded 
 of an occasion in which the Lord's people of 
 old were set in battle array against tne Philis- 
 tines, and Jesse sent his son David with a few 
 loaves to the camp to see how it fared with 
 his brethren there. My heart had long been 
 drawn towards Friends of North Carolina in 
 the constraining love of the Gospel, and now 
 that 1 found myself in their midst, my sym- 
 pathies with them had been afresh awakened 
 m the remembrance of that saying of our 
 Lord 'One is your Master even Christ, and all 
 ye are brethren.' When I recalled the trials 
 through which they had passed in bearing 
 their testimony against the iniquity of hu- 
 man bondage through the long, dark days of 
 slavery, and then their sufferings growing 
 out of the late war, the spoiling of their goods 
 with the many hardships they were again 
 called to endure in endeavoring to bear their 
 testimony to the peaceable nature of Christ's 
 Kingdom, I felt tney had strong claims upon 
 the symjiathy of their brclhrcn in more 
 favored parts of the Society. 
 
 (Referring to the separation of 1827). 
 
 "Again I had been made to rejoice that 
 the fearful heresy which had led so many 
 under our name to deny the Lord that bought 
 them, had never made its inroads among 
 them, and my desire was that they might be 
 
 ( .-.1 )
 
 confirmed and strengthened in the simpHcity 
 of the Truth, as it had been committed to our 
 forefathers to uphold before the world. 
 
 "That there were still other goodly testi- 
 monies to be borne. Our views with regard 
 to the Headship of Christ in his Church, the 
 relationship in which He was to stand not 
 only as the Saviour, but the Teacher, the 
 Shepherd and the Bishop of souls, who by the 
 quickening power of his own Holy Spirit was 
 to guide every living member of that Church 
 into all Truth. 
 
 "Our testimonies with regard to Divine 
 worship and the ministry were adverted to, 
 and the importance at the present day of 
 upholding these in their integrity. 
 
 "The desire to modify our views to suit 
 the sentiments of the times was discouraged, 
 as well as any effort to add to them what did 
 not belong to them. These adjuncts would 
 be found to be like Saul's armor, too heavy for 
 us, and illy adapted to our work, for we have 
 'not proved them.' The shepherd's sling and 
 the smooth stones of the brook, when wielded 
 in the name and power of the Lord, would be 
 found far more effective. 
 
 "My earnest desire was that the blessed 
 Head of the Church might therefore strength- 
 en, settle and establish us everywhere in the 
 simple truth as it is in Jesus, making us more 
 and more that humble, self-denying, spirit- 
 ually-minded people that we ought to be, 
 whereby we would indeed become a people 
 to His praise." 
 
 "Eleventh Month 23rd, 1879: — Our next 
 
 (52)
 
 service was at Bethel in a snug little 
 log meeting-house which was filled almost 
 to overflowing by an earnest and atten- 
 tive audience to whom my heart was very 
 sweetly drawn forth. The group around 
 this cabin as we separated was unique and 
 pleasing for its thorough simplicity. Horses 
 and mules tied among the trees were waiting 
 for their riders. Into lumbering conestogas, 
 or other non-descript vehicles, were soon 
 piling whole families of little ones with their 
 mothers. One of these was drawn by a 
 shaggy, muley ox, with horse gears on his 
 back, a collar turned upside down, the bet- 
 ter to suit his figure, and a bit in his mouth, 
 while knots of pedestrians wended their 
 ways homewards by woodland paths. I 
 joined a young father and mother carrying 
 the baby by turns, who seemed to be taking 
 comfort in our good meeting, and would 
 hardly let us pass them by, without at least 
 a call at their home which they pointed out 
 up the valley. 
 
 "By an eight o'clock train we left for 
 Cane Creek. This meeting was preceded by 
 a First-day school which we attended, with- 
 out taking part in the exercises. There is 
 evidently a need for some systematic relig- 
 ious instruction in such communities as we 
 meet with here, but modification in the pre- 
 sent method might be made to advantage, 
 and we have offered a few suggestions which 
 are kindly received. 
 
 "At Rocky River meeting my heart ex- 
 pressed the petition of the Psalmist, 'Let the 
 
 (53 )
 
 words of my mouth and the meditations of 
 my heart be acceptable,' &c. The tendency of 
 the unruly member to evil speaking unless 
 restrained by grace, was dwelt upon, and, 
 on the other hand, the blessings and peace 
 which would flow to ourselves and those 
 around us, if the tongue was brought under 
 the restraining and constraining power of the 
 Holy Spirit, which would make our words 
 truly acceptable to our Heavenly Father. 
 Also the importance of having our thoughts 
 controlled by the same blessed influence. 
 The need there was for us all to yield thereto, 
 would be apparent, if we did but endeavor to 
 recall the prevailing current of our thoughts, 
 when left only for a short time to themselves. 
 When our Heavenly Father has his rightful 
 place in our hearts, we should fmd the 
 thoughts which He would give us to be in- 
 deed sweet and precious. His power to 
 direct the mind to worthy objects, and re- 
 strain its natural wanderings, was dwelt upon 
 and that through his grace, all within us and 
 belonging to us, may be subjected to his 
 Holy will. Our friend Isham Cox, followed 
 in a lively and impressive supplication, and 
 the meetmg closed well. We were driven to 
 isham Cox's to dine, and it was very pleas- 
 ant to renew an acquaintance which had 
 been begun in his visits from time to time 
 among Philadelphia Friends. He has de- 
 voted much of the energy and strength of his 
 best days to the interests of the church in 
 these parts, and the welfare of the commun- 
 ity, and it was interesting to hear incident- 
 
 (54)
 
 ally of a case of variance between two neigh- 
 bors, in which upon a reference to arbitration 
 being proposed, one of the parties replied 
 rather caustically that he knew of one honest 
 man in the county, and that was Isham Cox. 
 After the meeting we went to T. W's for 
 the night. He is an original and interesting 
 character, possessing good qualities of mind 
 and heart, under a rather rough exterior. 
 He is strongly addicted to the use of tobacco 
 and while deploring the bondage which he is 
 under to this offensive habit, is probably 
 correct in his belief that it is now too late to 
 break off from it. His age is seventy-six, 
 and he has been making a calculation that 
 the cost of this indulgence from the age of 
 twelve to the present time, with interest, 
 has been about six thousand dollars. Ra- 
 ther an alarming result. He told us too, as 
 an interesting circumstance in connection 
 with Spring Meeting, that about the year 
 1800 it had Decome so reduced in its member- 
 ship that but one man, John Carter, was left. 
 He, however, continued to go to the meeting- 
 house alone, as had been his wont, and on 
 one occasion, felt called on to express a 
 few words in the way of ministry. It so 
 turned out, that two men who, seemingly 
 out of curiosity, were standing outside the 
 house, and wondering what could bring John 
 Carter thus lo come there alone, were so 
 impressed with what they heard that they 
 came again and in time joined Friends. 1 his 
 led to others uniting themselves in member- 
 ship, and the meeting was again built up, 
 
 (55)
 
 and is at this day a lively congregation. The 
 reading of a chapter in Ephesians with some 
 ministerial service, closed a very interesting 
 day. 
 
 "Twelfth Month 29th. — Toward noon we 
 reached the Chowan, a fine broad stream, 
 where we found a flat boat, worked by a wire 
 rope swung from side to side. The boatman 
 works his craft by pulling on the wire with 
 rather an original wooden contrivance where- 
 by to save his hands, and by walking from 
 end to end of his boat. Considering the 
 motive power and a pretty good load, we 
 made quite a quick passage. We soon 
 found ourselves, however, in the midst of a 
 swamp many miles in extent, where the 
 cypress grows to a gigantic size and cane 
 brakes and twining vines revel in wild luxu- 
 riance, in summer-time we learned that 
 snakes of venomous kinds abound, and mos- 
 quitoes and stinging flies in all their varieties 
 fill the air. We often splashed through long 
 stretches of road under water, which at cer- 
 tain seasons make it almost impassable. 
 Toward noon, however, we got upon rather 
 higher and firmer land, and halted near a 
 group of buildings including a newly finished 
 meeting-house, where we baited our team 
 and nearly emptied a well-filled bag of eata- 
 bles that our good friend had provided. 
 
 "First Month ist, 1880. — ' aking a snug 
 little car, we steamed away from the Roan- 
 oke River, and after a short ride were set 
 down at Magessa, where Abram Fisher met 
 us on the platform with a hearty welcome, 
 
 (56)
 
 though our coming was evidently unlocked 
 for. A considerable clearing had skirted the 
 railroad for some distance, and now we found 
 the culture vastly improved, the stumps 
 gone, neat pale fencing surrounded the gar- 
 dens, while luxuriant fruit trees and vines 
 and green grass made the modest homestead 
 quite attractive. Indoors we found the 
 wife and mother who had shared with Abram 
 Fisher the varied experience of his eventful 
 life, and is now rejoicing in the near compan- 
 ionship of her goodly flock of three sons and 
 six daughters. Two of the latter are mar- 
 ried, one of them, living within sight of the 
 paternal home and another at Dymond City, 
 one and a half miles up the railroad, where 
 are the extensive lumber mills, owned by a 
 company of English capitalists, whose affairs 
 here are under the management of Abram 
 Fisher. The tract owned by them contains 
 fifty thousand acres, which includes much 
 valuable pine and cypress timber, for which 
 a ready market is found in Baltimore and 
 Philadelphia. Abram F-'ishcr's own property 
 contains five hundred acres with several 
 dwelling houses. The soil is evidently of 
 superior quality, and when reclaimed l^rom 
 the woods and swamps which originally 
 covered it, has pnxluced someexcellcnt crops. 
 Upon coming here about five years ago, he 
 found most of it in a truly forbidding condi- 
 tion, but the running of four miles of open 
 drains judiciously located, and the gradual 
 clearing of the ground from the timber, 
 which both fallen and standing, had long 
 5 ( r,7 )
 
 encumbered it, have brought about marvel- 
 lous results. Where not more than ten years 
 ago the beaver plied his trade in peaceful 
 security, good crops of corn were last year 
 growing, and field after field is being brought 
 under the skill and energy of man. Our 
 kind host and his numerous family are all 
 natives of the Emerald isle, County Cork. 
 Some years ago he engaged with a company 
 who were interested in a land speculation in 
 the Argentine Republic to take charge of 
 their affairs there. There he resided with 
 his family until 1874, when, owing to the 
 unsettled condition of the Government and 
 other circumstances, it seemed best for them 
 to remove to the United States. A favora- 
 ble opening occurring they settled in their 
 present home early in 1875. Here they 
 seem to have been prospered in many ways, 
 and should life and health be spared, a few 
 more years of thrift and industry will proba- 
 bly fmd them enjoying the reward of their 
 labors and surrounded by most of the com- 
 forts which belong to older communities. 
 It is the practice of the familv to hold a re- 
 ligious meeting in a building near by on 
 First and Fifth-days, when their married 
 children and such of the neighbors as incline 
 to do so, join them. 
 
 "9th. — One part of our route lay through 
 the scene of a sanguinary engagement be- 
 tween a division of Sherman's Army and a 
 large force under General Johnson; the re- 
 mains of a long line of breastworks are still 
 to be seen built of felled trees and earth rude- 
 
 (58)
 
 ly piled together. Much of the fighting had 
 occurred in a thick forest through which we 
 were travehng. As an illustration of the 
 inconsistencies of war, our friend William 
 Cox related that after the battle, fifty-two 
 of the wounded rebels were carefully depos- 
 ited at the house of a substantial farmer and 
 one of the Union officers called the next day 
 to let them know that the wounded men 
 were needing assistance, saying to one of W. 
 Cs daughters, 'perhaps your sweetheart is 
 among them.' 'Nay,' replied the Quaker 
 maiden, 'none of my friends follow such a 
 business.' The Union troops seemed ready 
 to vent their rage on citizens of all classes, 
 threatening to burn the buildings of William 
 Cox as they had already done to some of his 
 neighbors; but several of the officers having 
 already learned the peaceable character of 
 our Friends, and received some kindness at 
 their hands, a guard was posted upon the 
 premises, with directions to protect them 
 until the rear of the army had passed by. 
 All of William Cox's horses and cattle had 
 long ago been taken, but a Union officer 
 urged one of the daughters to accept a good 
 grey pony which he did not need, and some 
 days after a stray mule slopped before his 
 gate as though seeking a home. Knowing 
 no owner for the animal, William Cox felt 
 free to invite him in, and thus a very efficient 
 team was put at his disposal in a manner 
 little anticipated, lie had been allowed to 
 keep some bushels of corn by the military 
 plunderers and a small quantity of flour, so 
 
 ( 69)
 
 that they thankfully began the world again, 
 better off than many of their neighbors. 
 William said the season following the sur- 
 render proved an exceptionally favorable 
 one, and from his wheat fields which had 
 been twice trampled over by the army, he 
 gathered seventeen bushels of grain while 
 all their other crops yielded abundantly. 
 Another vivid picture he gave me of the 
 dark days of slaver/" when on one occasion 
 in 1835 or '6 a wretched company of one 
 hundred and eighty negroes passed his door 
 on their way to the Gulf States. First came 
 some sturdy men with manacles clanking as 
 they walked, then a promiscuous group of 
 men and women, then a large wagon drawn 
 by four horses and filled with wailing babes 
 and children too young to travel, and bring- 
 ing up the rear, a number of boys and girls 
 footsore and crying for pain and weariness. 
 At intervals among the melancholy throng, 
 were wagons carrying the heartless slave- 
 mongers, while others mounted with whip 
 in hand rode beside or behind their human 
 drove. One poor woman, who seemed to 
 lag behind the rest was weeping bitterly, 
 and upon William tenderly asking the cause, 
 replied, she had left her dear husband behind 
 and she should never see him again, in view 
 of such accursed deeds, well might the cry 
 go up from the friends of humanity, as well 
 as the suffering Negro, 'How long, Oh Lord! 
 how long! holy and just!' 
 
 " After meeting we drove to the home of a 
 
 (60)
 
 newly received member, but regret to find 
 this so poorly adapted to the common com- 
 forts of life. A frame structure of one-story 
 containing only two rooms, with each a door 
 for light, and without a solitary window, was 
 the abode of our friend, his wife and six 
 children. Fifty yards away was a rickety 
 cabin of logs, where cooking, spinning, and 
 weaving were carried on. With all the char- 
 ity of which 1 was capable, the lack of proper 
 provisions for the wants if not the decencies 
 of life, could hardly be reconciled when we 
 learned that our friend owned one thousand 
 acres of good timber land and was in the way 
 of raising four thousand pounds of cotton 
 yearly. He seemed half ashamed of his 
 shabby homestead and said he 'thought of 
 getting himself into better fix,' in which we 
 strongly encouraged him. The reading of a 
 Bible chapter by the light of the pine-knot 
 fire, and some remarks by my companion 
 closed the evening. We betook ourselves 
 to one of the beds, in the room we were in, 
 the husband and wife crept into the other, 
 while the children bestowed themselves we 
 knew not where or how. As 1 laid me 
 down I said in my heart, "truly here is room 
 for mission work and the call is pressing." 
 
 His diary kept in North Carolina has this 
 record for First Month 13th, 1880: "This 
 morning walked to the school near Golds- 
 borc), tciuglit by !,ouise Fee, who shows 
 ability in her calling, and under the sancti- 
 fying influence of Divine Grace, is calculated 
 
 (61 )
 
 for usefulness in many ways. 1 gave the 
 children a talk, and while they were eating 
 their dinners, entertained them with ac- 
 counts of our Indian School at Tuncssassa 
 and Indians generally, which seemed to 
 please them. We called on an aged woman 
 who is said to be one hundred and three 
 years old, very comfortably and kindly 
 cared for, and in the enjoyment of gen- 
 eral good health. She had walked a half a 
 mile within a day or two, while her fac- 
 ulties seem to be wonderfully clear and 
 vigorous. 
 
 " 15th. — At Raleigh I soon found the John- 
 son Colored School assisted by our 'Phila- 
 delphia Freedman's Aid,' and introduced 
 myself to Louise Dorr, the white principal, 
 who with five colored helpers, has been for 
 twelve years devoting herself to this excel- 
 lent work. Finding she was instructing a 
 class of young men in theology, I could 
 scarcely decline her earnest request to meet 
 them m the afternoon. After reading a 
 chapter of Scripture by turns, they recited 
 a lesson from 'Watson's Institutes,' a well- 
 known Methodist work, designed to set 
 forth the doctrinal views of that body, and 
 on many if not most points, in a manner 
 which might be accepted by other orthodox 
 persuasions. The lesson over, my interest 
 was awakened in the important calling in 
 which they were about to enter. 1 spoke to 
 them of its heavy responsibilities, as well as 
 its blessedness, especially turning their at- 
 tention to the origin of every right call to the 
 
 (62)
 
 ministry, that while the sanction and unity 
 of the church were eminently proper, the 
 call is not of man, nor by man, and our high- 
 est commission must ever come from the 
 Head of the Church Himself. It is He who 
 bestows gifts on whom He will, and appoints 
 the special service. I trusted the young 
 men before me could accept this view, and 
 several of them reverently nodded their 
 assent, if this be so, cannot we go further 
 in realizing the truth of that declaration of 
 our Saviour to his disciples of old, 'With- 
 out Me ye can do nothing.' It is the quick- 
 ening power of his own Holy Spirit we shall 
 need in fitting us for our service, guiding us 
 in it, and enabling us to reach the witness 
 for truth in the hearts of others. When we 
 remember the authority which must be ever 
 accorded to the sacred volume, and that 
 'it is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for 
 correction, for instruction in righteousness 
 that the man of God may be perfect, &c.,' 
 its pages must necessarily form a large part 
 of the material from which the ambassador 
 for Christ draws his supplies for the instruc- 
 tion of his hearers. Of all books, it will 
 most properly form a large part of his read- 
 ing, and its teachings should continually 
 occupy his thoughts. Holding as it does 
 this important place, it is not strange that 
 we gladly receive whatever light can be 
 thrown upon its contents by writers of intel- 
 ligence and piety. 
 
 " 1 could but remind them of the words of 
 our Lord to his disciples of old, 'freely ye 
 
 ( 63 )
 
 have received, freely give,' and seeing that 
 He did thus Hberally dispense of his Spirit- 
 ual gifts, the preaching of the Gospel should 
 be removed as much as possible from all 
 mercenary considerations, and we should 
 never regard it as a trade for money-making. 
 I reminded them of the example of the great 
 Apostle, who while laboring so abundantly 
 in the cause of his divine Master, tells us 
 that he wrought with his own hands, in order 
 that 'he might not be chargeable to any.' 
 They knew that their people are poor and 
 can ill afford to pay large salaries to their 
 pastors, while on the other hand 1 would 
 have them remember that ' He is faithful 
 who calleth us,' and that He will not let 
 those want, who are heartily given up to his 
 service. There is no warrant for the popu- 
 lar view that women may not be called to 
 the work of the ministry as well as men. I 
 believe that great loss bad been long sus- 
 tained by the Church through this error, and 
 that the times call for the employment of 
 every right agency in the promotion of truth 
 and righteousness. That there is in the 
 very nature of woman, a tenderness and 
 winning power which when called into the 
 Lord's service peculiarly fitted her for the 
 gathering of souls to Christ. I desired, 
 therefore, that they might lay aside the 
 popular prejudice in which they might nat- 
 urally share, and look carefully into this 
 matter, which 1 felt sure was calling for a 
 calm and just decision from the Church at 
 large, whereby the powerful influence of the 
 
 ( 64)
 
 female mind and heart might find its full 
 exercise in the work of the Lord. The whole 
 interview was exceedingly interesting. Both 
 the young men and their faithful teacher 
 were very tender and seemed open to accept 
 my remarks, while we parted in much Chris- 
 tian love. 
 
 "A visit in the evening was paid to the 
 Methodist Church. 1 found my heart open- 
 ed in much freedom to declare the fulness 
 of Gospel blessing. Their attention was also 
 called to the many evils growing out of 
 looseness of private morals and licentious- 
 ness in various shapes, reminding them that 
 female virtue needed to be cherished and 
 guarded, with a godly jealousy, if purity of 
 life and the domestic virtues were to flourish 
 among them. 1 remembered the unfavor- 
 able influences to which their people had 
 been so long subjected; I desired to make all 
 due allowance for weakness and errors of this 
 character, but we must not forget, with their 
 changed condition come new duties and new 
 responsibilities, as well as privileges and a 
 relief from wrongs and outrages. When- 
 ever a people is rising in inlelligciicc, refme- 
 ment and goodness, there we .shall always 
 find that the influence of virtuous women 
 is increasingly felt and recognized and wom- 
 an is honored and beloved as she ought to be. 
 
 "Among others who wanted to shake 
 hands was a bright young woman introduced 
 as 'Sister Sallie Hughes, one of our local 
 preachers;' her husband, a barber, keeping 
 a shop in the basement. It had been given 
 
 (65 )
 
 her clearly to see that she was called to the 
 public ministry of the Gospel; her husband 
 was especially offended at her course. I 
 asked her in what particular line she had 
 found herself led, and learned that it was 
 in the endeavor to awaken in the hearts of 
 professors, the need of a closer walk with 
 God. On my expressing gratification in the 
 simplicity of her dress, she said all desire for 
 adornment now seemed to have been taken 
 from her and she had given up everything 
 of the sort, unless it had been an 'engage- 
 ment ring.' Then holding up her finger 
 and regarding it with a somewhat wifely 
 affection, she added, ' but if the Lord should 
 call for that too, I can give it up freely for 
 His sake.' Upon my remarkmg that I 
 wished Christian women generally could be 
 brought to see more clearly their duty in this 
 matter, Sarah expressed the belief that it 
 was claiming more serious attention than it 
 once did. 
 
 " It seemed right for me to call on Henry 
 Hughes at his shop. 1 opened the case of 
 his wife as gently as 1 could, and he must 
 remember that one thing that made her so 
 valuable to him was the love she bore to her 
 Heavenly Father. He said he felt no objec- 
 tion to Sarah teaching in a Sabbath School, 
 but it was too exposing for a woman to speak 
 to great crowds of people, and often of a 
 rough sort. 1 admitted that preaching of 
 woman was something new to many, but 1 
 had been used to it all my life, and had lis- 
 tened to much excellent ministry from them. 
 
 f 66)
 
 Henry, as I proceeded, became more thought- 
 ful and subdued, endeavoring to be recon- 
 ciled to what was evidently no small trial, 
 viewed from his own standpoint. 
 
 " Raleigh, First Month 18th. 
 
 "It was a satisfaction to find that four 
 colored churches had agreed to forego their 
 usual services and meet me at the Methodist 
 building, five hundred people sitting or 
 standing. I addressed them on the wide- 
 spread evils of intemperance. The encour- 
 aging case was referred to of the recent 
 successful effort made by the citizens of 
 Greensboro and its vicinity, to procure a 
 prohibitory liquor law, for that district, and 
 the statement made to me by a prominent 
 white man, that had it not been for the 
 strong efforts and support of the colored 
 people the movement must have failed." 
 
 Samuel Morris returned home in mid- 
 winter, but in summer went to the South 
 again accompanied by P. Dunn, Tennessee 
 being their cleslination. 
 
 " Seventh Month 27th. — With agood team 
 and a light, open wagon we started with Dr. 
 Garner imtl soon began to climb the (-hil- 
 howe Mountain, two thousand feet above 
 sea level. From its summit a glorious view 
 of the Cumberland range to the west and 
 the Smoky Mountain about one hundred 
 miles distant to the l.ast, broke upon us. 
 The Tennessee River winds between through 
 
 (67 )
 
 a valley two hundred and ten miles in length. 
 The surface of this is varied by gentle slopes, 
 belts of woodland, and patches of cultivation. 
 A light haze toned down the coloring and 
 gave to the whole a rare beauty. Descend- 
 ing the mountain side we entered a quiet 
 valley which received its name from an old 
 trapper, Thomas Whitehead, better known 
 by the alias of 'Tom Buckshanks.' When 
 settling here some forty years ago, he found 
 the wilderness well stocked with deer, bears 
 and wild cats. Its thorough seclusion 
 pleased his wild fancy, and so received from 
 him the name of ' Happy Valley.' But the 
 war with all its horrors came — Tom's free 
 spirit never could brook the thought of the 
 slave power becoming still more dominant, 
 and he joined the first regiment that was 
 raised in Tennessee for the defense of the 
 Union. During the latter periods of the 
 war, he served as a scout, under General 
 Grant. His vigorous health, however, be- 
 gan to fail and he sought again the calm of 
 the mountains. He had been a bold out- 
 spoken man, as to his own views of right, 
 but feared neither God nor man, was no- 
 toriously profane and when under the effects 
 of strong drink, was the terror of the neigh- 
 borhood. In this condition Dr. Garner met 
 with him in the course of his travels, and 
 through his intercourse with Tom, new views 
 of life and its responsibilities, broke upon 
 his darkened mind. The Holy Spirit by his 
 convicting power begot that godly sorrow 
 which is not to be repented of and as he 
 
 (68)
 
 yielded to its blessed influence, the 'old 
 man with his deeds' came to be put off and 
 the 'new man to be put on.' Upon his 
 experiencing a change of heart, Dr. Garner 
 supposed he would naturally incline to join 
 the Methodist or Baptist congregations, 
 but he urged so strongly that he could be 
 nothing but a Quaker, that after the breth- 
 ren had duly weighed the case, he was re- 
 ceived into membership by the meeting at 
 Maryville and now in his rough untutored 
 way, he is endeavoring to further the good 
 cause among his neighbors. We were made 
 heartily welcome by Uncle Tom and his 
 family, and it was proposed to collect the 
 people this evening at the meeting and 
 school-house. 
 
 "The valley which ought to be a 'happy 
 one,' we found was at present greatly agi- 
 tated by the doings of one of those lawless 
 characters known here as 'Moonshiners,' 
 who had just been shot and injured in the 
 attempt to arrest him by the son of our 
 friend Tom Buckshanks, who is a Govern- 
 ment officer. This gave the father great 
 anxiety and he seemed able scarcely to eat 
 or sleep through the struggle which was 
 going on within, as to the part which it was 
 right for himself to take in the matter. But 
 the good Spirit was again evidently at work 
 ' subduing all things unto Himself and keep- 
 ing the heart tender and impressible. Uncle 
 Tom interested us greatly as one 'not far 
 from the kingdom.' Our road to-day lay 
 mainly along the valley of the Tennessee 
 
 (69)
 
 and among scenery of surpassing beauty. 
 We had left the limestone region and now 
 found a slaty formation interspersed with 
 sandstone. At one point we passed a beau- 
 tiful variegated marble, black, red and white, 
 which takes a fine polish, and is greatly 
 admired. 1 he flora was full of interest and 
 combined in wild profusion the trees and 
 plants of the Middle States with many pe- 
 culiar to the South. The specimens of pme 
 and tulip-poplar were often of great size. 
 As strangers to us we found the hackberry, 
 the cork elm, the cottonwood, the lime, the 
 laurel-oak, several varieties of magnolia, the 
 mountain maple, the stuartia, the virgilia 
 luiea or yellow wood, an exceedingly sensi- 
 tive mimosa, which with a touch shrunk up 
 quickly all its leaves; the wild pea grew 
 often in great profusion, a fine variety of 
 tecoma which clambered over the rocks 
 intertwined with the muscadine grape, and 
 the Virginia creeper, while we continually 
 met with small but beautiful flowers which 
 were quite new to us. The deep stillness 
 was enlivened by the rare melody of the 
 Carolina wren and the whistle of the Cardinal 
 grosbeak. Had it been earlier in the season 
 the woods would no doubt have rung again 
 with their own wild music. Toward two 
 o'clock we forded the Tennessee where it is 
 a quarter of a mile wide, and soon reached 
 Dick West's where our friend Joseph Potts 
 boards, while the cabin in which he lives is 
 perched on a bluff some fifty feet above. 
 This is a neat little log structure about ten 
 
 (70)
 
 by twelve feet, with two small windows 
 looking up and across the river. The whole 
 cost him about twelve dollars, including his 
 own work, and affords him really comfort- 
 able quarters. A good pony and saddle is 
 enough for his longer journeys, and a strong 
 homespun suit answers his simple require- 
 ments as to clothing. Thus provided, he is 
 laboring among the mountaineers within 
 a district of some thirty miles around, and is 
 no doubt very useful in his calling. He 
 expresses himself fully satisfied as to being 
 in his right place and no thought of loneli- 
 ness or deprivation seems to depress him. 
 
 " Mabyville, Eighth Month 5th. 
 
 "Toward 7.30 a company of well-dressed 
 colored people gathered m the Institute 
 founded by our friend Yardley Warner, it 
 is a substantial brick structure costing thirty 
 thousand dollars and a means of much good 
 to the Freedmen. Daniel Drew is a recorded 
 minister much esteemed by all classes, and 
 a solid honest-hearted Friend, whose sym- 
 pathies are said by no means to be with the 
 unsettled element which is seeking in so 
 many ways to draw or drive our people from 
 their ancient moorings. A precious silence 
 was soon reached, and 1 rose telling them 
 how it had done my heart good to find my- 
 self among an organized meeting of colored 
 Friends, expressing our desire for their 
 establishment upon the simple but unchange- 
 able truth as it had been given tothefounders 
 of our religious Society," 
 
 ( 71 I
 
 The North Carolina Yearly Meeting met 
 in Tennessee in the year 1880, and the Jour- 
 nal of Samuel Morris continues: 
 
 " Friendsville, Eighth Month 14th. 
 
 " In the afternoon the report of the com- 
 mittee on Peace was read. Daniel Hill, who 
 is secretary of the Associated Peace Commit- 
 tee of the Yearly Meetings on this Continent, 
 spoke of their work during the past year in 
 encouraging terms. Himelius Hockett and 
 Thomas Hinshaw, who had been, with others 
 of their fellow-members, forced into the 
 Rebel army as conscripts, and were finally 
 taken prisoners by the Union forces at the 
 Battle of Gettysburg, related some of their 
 experiences and sufferings, which were very 
 impressive and instructive. Upon their 
 refusing to bear arms, the commanding 
 officer on one occasion ordered them to be 
 kept without food or water until they should 
 yield to his demands. They meekly told 
 him they could not do this, let the conse- 
 quences be what they might. If, however, 
 it was his design they should be kept with- 
 out food, it was right he should know that 
 they had some bread and cheese in their 
 knapsacks which they had brought from 
 home, but they would willingly give these 
 up if he said so. Theofificer was so impressed 
 with their innocent integrity, that he was 
 almost staggered at his own decision and 
 said promptly they should keep their pro- 
 visions, but hoped thev would soon yield 
 
 ( 72)
 
 to the regulations of the drmy. The same 
 officer long afterward, in speaking of the 
 steadfastness of these Friends to their prin- 
 ciples, declared he had never met with men 
 so honest and true, and seemed to regret the 
 part he had in their sufferings. After being 
 kept for several days in close confinement, 
 during which they were urged without avail 
 to take other service apart from the regular 
 army drill, the troops were ordered to march 
 and they were again allowed food. They 
 continued, however, to suffer much at the 
 hands of cruel officers under whose control 
 they fell from time to time. They main- 
 tained throughout a faithful adherence to 
 their convictions of duty as Christians, and 
 had many remarkable deliverances to relate. 
 They appeared deeply impressed with the 
 great truth that 'the angel of the Lord 
 encampeth round about them that fear 
 Him,' and in his own good time and way 
 'delivereth them.' 
 
 " i6th. — Being invited to a stately home- 
 stead of the olden time, whose owner was 
 not a j-riend, the conversation took a turn 
 to the emancipation of the Negro, and our 
 pretty hostess admitted it might be all for 
 the best somehow, hut with earnestness 
 she added, " 1 only wish 1 had just one that 
 1 could call my own to wait on me as they 
 used to do, and who would have to do just 
 what I wanted." It was evident the old 
 spirit was still alive among the quondam 
 masters, and that the love of arbitrary power 
 had not died out with the older generation. 
 
 6 ( 7.3 )
 
 The evening passed pleasantly away among 
 this intelligent and hospitable family, and 
 we took the train for Knoxville, where we 
 arrived toward midnight, not however, until 
 a heavy rain storm had gathered, quite 
 flooding the country and swelling the 
 streams. 
 
 " At Knoxville we took the northern bound 
 train, my companion and Anthony M. 
 Kimber had found seats in the rear end of 
 the car while Josiah Nicholson and myself 
 had taken ours near the front. On the op- 
 posite side were a mother and two little girls, 
 and on the seat before me she had carefully 
 laid her babe. The father of the family, as 
 I last noticed him, was drawing water from 
 the cooler, and I had just peeped over the 
 seat in front of me to admire the quiet repose 
 of the little innocent. I then composed my- 
 self comfortably for what sleep might be had 
 under the circumstances, while sweet peace 
 and thankfulness for remembered mercies 
 filled my heart. We were thus quietly mov- 
 ing on, when a sudden jar was felt, with 
 which the whole train quivered, and in 
 another moment the car in which we were, 
 plunged headlong into an abyss, we knew 
 not whither. The lights were instantly 
 extinguished and 1 found myself with face 
 turned to the rear of the car, while feet and 
 arm were so tightly wedged that it was with 
 difficulty 1 disengaged the latter. The 
 shrieks and groans and prayers of my com- 
 rades, together with the utter darkness and 
 the near sounds of rushing water, combined 
 
 (74)
 
 to render our condition one of indescribable 
 horror. I could feel myself resting upon a 
 human body, that breathed heavily, but did 
 not struggle, while I was powerless to move 
 my own because of the accumulation of 
 broken seats, baggage and what not that was 
 piled about me. Though somewhat stunned 
 by the shock, I soon rallied my senses suifi- 
 ciently to comprehend in some measure the 
 situation. Then in the midst of all its fright- 
 fulness, there came to my heart as though 
 brought by a Divine Messenger, the words 
 of the Psalmist, 'Thou wilt keep him in 
 perfect peace whose mind is staid on Thee, 
 because he trusteth in Thee;' and then there 
 stole over my soul such a sense of the near- 
 ness of our Heavenly Father as I had rarely 
 known before. All fear was taken away 
 and in its stead came a consciousness that, 
 'underneath were his own everlasting 
 Arms.' I was then able to do what I could 
 in quieting the poor terrified creatures about 
 me, whose cries and groans were most dis- 
 tressing, telling them I believed we should 
 be helped out of our trouble, and that the 
 worst was over. Very soon two men with 
 lanterns appeared at the rear end of the car, 
 which was elevated at an angle of about forty 
 five degrees, and as one struggling passenger 
 after another was loosened they made their 
 way through the door and so reached the 
 ground outside. When mv turn came to be 
 released, I did what 1 could to aid our kind 
 hearted helpers, but growing faint through 
 loss of blood, soon found I could do little but 
 
 (75)
 
 rest on the debris and hold the lantern for 
 them. As the next body to mine was 
 reached, 1 saw the men exchange significant 
 glances as they drew it forth and passed it 
 quietly through a window to others outside. 
 It was doubtless that one of the young girls 
 already referred to, and on which probably 
 1 had been resting, whose life had been thus 
 suddenly taken while mine was spared. 
 The mother and other child seemed compara- 
 tively unhurt and when the little one was 
 reached, that a moment before had lain so 
 peacefully by my side, the men exclaimed, 
 ' You dear little thing! there is not a scratch 
 on it!' The back of the seat had been 
 turned like a roof over it and thus had com- 
 pletely protected it from harm. Not so the 
 poor father, who being at the extreme 
 end of the car, had evidently been badly 
 crushed, and his cries for help were most 
 piteous. 
 
 "The immediate cause of the catastrophe 
 now appeared to be the swelling of the 
 streams by the heavy rains of the previous 
 evening, whereby the foundations of a cul- 
 vert had been undermined, and although 
 strong enough to carry over the engine, a 
 baggage and a mail car, had finally broken 
 through under the weight of the next in 
 which we were, and which then fell into the 
 chasm. The locomotive was a complete 
 wreck. The cars before our own were over- 
 turned and badly broken, while those fol- 
 lowing were but little damaged. The en- 
 gineer was very seriously injured by the 
 
 (76)
 
 escaping steam, and he with the other 
 wounded were taken to the sleeping-car in 
 the rear, where we were cared for by a skil- 
 ful German doctor who seemed well supplied 
 with arnica, lint, etc. My own injuries 
 were mainly bad bruises about the head, a 
 tooth knocked out, and deep gashes in the 
 face which needed to be stitched. These 
 were very skilfully treated by the physicians, 
 one of whom seemed to take an especial 
 interest in us, saying he had obtained his 
 medical education at the University of Penn- 
 sylvania and could never forget the kindness 
 he had received in Philadelphia. As he 
 dressed my wounds and watched the suc- 
 cessful progress of his treatment, he re- 
 marked on one occasion, ' 1 think, Mr. Morris, 
 you must be a man in perfect health, or you 
 could never recover from such a shock, as 
 you are doing.' It was evidently best for 
 me to remain in bed, and the efforts of the 
 doctors were admirably seconded by the 
 good nursing of Jesse and Mary Jane Bundy, 
 who had just reached KnoxviUe on their 
 way home from the Yearly Meeting, and at 
 once devoted themselves by day and night 
 to my needs. Mary Jane's gentle touch 
 seemed to act like a spell upon my bruises, 
 while her faithful and intelligent care left 
 nothing undone that could hasten the heal- 
 ing process. 1 could but recall Scott's 
 apostrophe: 
 
 ' Woman! that in our hours of ease 
 Uncertain, coy and hard to plciuse, 
 When pain and anguish wring the brow, 
 A ministering angel tliou.' 
 (77)
 
 " By the morning of the 20th, to the sur- 
 prise of my good nurses and friends, I felt 
 ready to resume our homeward journey, and 
 partmg in much love at Washington with 
 my kind and faithful fellow-laborer, he took 
 the New York train and I that for Philadel- 
 phia which 1 reached in safety by the morn- 
 ing of the 2 1 St. Taking an early breakfast 
 at the Pennsylvania Railroad Depot, 1 
 made my way to the North Penna. cars, and 
 reached Tabor Station comfortably. Thence 
 I footed it to my own home, to be received 
 with open arms by the dear ones there. 
 Little thinking were they of seeing me thus 
 and then, after all they had heard of the 
 catastrophe; and indeed I was scarcely to 
 be recognized, for what with stitches in the 
 cheeks, swollen bruises about the forehead, 
 and hair still matted with blood and dirt, 
 I was a sorry sight. But home had been 
 reached at last, and we were all ready to 
 jraise the Lord for his preserving care that 
 lad carried me through all my service for 
 -{\s dear cause, and would now have me to 
 rejoice in His love and peace that were flow- 
 ing like a river through my soul." 
 
 After his return my dear father's spirit 
 was filled with joy, and in his prayers both 
 in public and at home, his utterance over- 
 flowed with praise and gratitude to our 
 Heavenly Father, and fervent desires to be 
 more wholly devoted to His service. Our 
 daily mercies were pointed out by the text, 
 " Bless the Lord, oh my soul, etc., who for- 
 
 ( 78 )
 
 giveth all thy iniquities, who healeth all thy 
 diseases, who redeemeth thy life from de- 
 struction," and that a right comprehension 
 of all this, especially the forgiveness of our 
 sins, should so dwell in our hearts as to keep 
 them tender and thankful, not dejected; 
 leading us to follow so gracious a Master. 
 This may be done by small acts of service 
 in our every-day life, acceptable to Him, 
 without our aspiring to great deeds. 
 
 The Year Book of Phillips Brooks was 
 read aloud at the breakfast table by my 
 father, and many passages he marked, — this 
 among them: 
 
 "The relation between preacher and con- 
 gregation is one of the very highest pictures 
 of human companionship that can be seen 
 on earth. It has much of the intimacy of 
 the family with something of the breadth 
 and dignity which belong to the state, it 
 is too sacred to be thought of as a contract, 
 it is a union which CjocI joins together for 
 purposes worthy of His care. When it is 
 worthily realized, who can say that it may 
 not stretch beyond the line of death, and 
 they who have been minister and people to 
 each other here, be something holy and pe- 
 culiar in the City of (lod forever." And 
 so we find Samuel Morris ever ready in the 
 upbuilding of the church, through its individ- 
 ual members. A Friend once discussed 
 with him the desirability of a committee of 
 inquiry respecting clearness in the use of 
 intoxicants as a beverage. His interlocutor 
 was a member of such a committee and was 
 
 ( 70 )
 
 discouraged because of the indifference and 
 delinquencies in total abstinence. As an 
 instance of good resulting from such over- 
 sight, my father told of being himself when 
 young, on such a service, and on questioning 
 a Friend, was surprised to hear him acknowl- 
 edge remissness. He had joined a popular 
 association of physicians in Philadelphia, 
 and when liquor was handed at their social 
 gatherings, the doctor drank with them for 
 courtesy's sake. Samuel Morris pointed out 
 to him in a brotherly way, the dangers and 
 inconsistencies of such a course. His hearer 
 sat silently for some time, then thanked him 
 for his loving counsel and said, "Next year 
 when the inquiry is made, I hope to report 
 myself clear." It was a turning point in his 
 life, for he became a more earnest Christian, 
 and instead of being absorbed in the fashion- 
 able circle of men, he proved to them on 
 whose side he was, while still inspiring their 
 respect and affection. 
 
 Once, when on a jury, Samuel Morris af- 
 firmed instead of taking the prescribed oath; 
 one of his companions asked his reason and 
 followed his example. By the end of the 
 week, nine out of twelve were also affirming, 
 though they had previously sworn and would 
 have continued to do so, had they not felt 
 the force of the leader. As a member of the 
 "Friends' Peace Association of America" 
 Samuel Morris labored faithfully both with 
 pen and voice to arouse his own Society, as 
 well as other churches, to their possibilities 
 in this direction, arguing that on them lies 
 
 (80)
 
 the heavy responsibility for war, and in them 
 Tests the hope of its cessation. 
 
 " Nor peace that grows by Lethe, scentless flower. 
 There in white languors to decline and cease. 
 But peace whose name is also rapture, power. 
 Clear sight, and love; for these are parts of 
 peace." 
 
 And it was his endeavor to extinquish the 
 cause of quarrels, to quench the first spark, 
 whether individual or national, before it was 
 fanned into the flame of war. 
 
 Speaking of the mission of our Society, 
 he said one day, "it is not so likely to grow 
 by numbers, as by disseminating and quietly 
 extending its views among other denomina- 
 tions, and infusing into them more spiritual- 
 ity, in order to effect this, we must our- 
 selves keep pace with the education and 
 culture of those around us." 
 
 A paper was prepared by him for the 
 "Home Culture Society" among Friends. 
 At Westtown, to the teachers, he read aloud 
 his views on the "Inner Light," while, "A 
 Word to Honest Seekers" was a pampiilet 
 he wrote for the public. A lengthy letter 
 too we fmd from him to a clergyman of 
 another denomination, explaining I'riends' 
 views on the S.icramcnt and the rile of Bap- 
 tism. While reading the life (A I'rances R. 
 Havergal one evening, I asked, why such 
 excellent people as she. should hold music 
 as a divinely appointed gift and evidently 
 use it to 0)d's gk)ry, wlu-n with Iriends it 
 is regarded as hurtful to their best life. My 
 father's wise reply was as follows, that owing 
 
 ( 81 )
 
 to education we have been taught to see 
 deeper than many other Christians, and are 
 therefore responsible for belonging to such 
 a society, and should uphold its doctrines, 
 conforming to its government, even if we 
 cannot see with it in minor matters; that he 
 himself could not agree with it in a few 
 things, yet in cardinal points he was con- 
 vinced, and therefore yielded to smaller. In 
 such a system of individual liberty as ours. 
 we might run into Ranterism were it not for 
 Government. As to F. R. Havergal's life, 
 she was not taught to question music as a 
 religious help, and she doubtless did a good 
 work in the Episcopal Church by her dedica- 
 tion to Christ, but because she was called to 
 labor thus, is no reason why we should con- 
 form to her way of thinking, but seeing the 
 dangers to which church music leads, we 
 should avoid it, though striving to find the 
 good in different branches of the church, and 
 not dwelling too much on points of difference. 
 Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress was always 
 a favorite, and an illustrated copy would 
 claim his attention for hours. One evening, 
 picking up the volume casually, my father 
 began to read of the death of Christiana and 
 his voice faltered, the tears came to his eyes, 
 as he continued the account of her compan- 
 ions and their passage across the River; and 
 yet he once said to me, " 1 am ashamed be- 
 cause I cannot shed tears when feeling most 
 intensely," thus proving that the reading of 
 pathos oft-times will cause the eyes to over- 
 flow, when actual grief lies too deep for this. 
 
 ( 82 )
 
 In a letter written to his wife, he refers to 
 the death of his oldest son, Luke Wistar 
 Morris, a fine lad of sixteen. 
 
 Sixth Month, 1877. 
 
 "Again my tenderest recollections were 
 awakened as 1 followed thee, my dearest, 
 through the sad experiences of a summer 
 now three years gone by, the home-bringing 
 (from Westtown), the hopes and the fears, 
 the steady but sure grasp of disease as it 
 weakened and wasted the frame of our pa- 
 tient sufferer, and then the final stroke! 
 How closely all must be ever connected in 
 our memories as marking perhaps the sad- 
 dest period of our lives. Vet on the other 
 hand can we ever forget the loving kindness 
 which followed us in our sorrow, with the 
 precious assurance that He who was thus 
 dealing with us, in the mysterious dispensa- 
 tions of His Providence was nigh to heal and 
 to bless?" 
 
 Again we copy a marked passage of Phil- 
 lips Brooks: ' Ihe joy and ever reaching 
 delight of the minister's work, is in finding 
 how deep this human soul to which his Lord 
 has sent him, really is." 
 
 " The door of tliy great life Btfwd wide, and o'er 
 The threshold leaned thy eager houI, aglow 
 With that warm hope the apowtles used to know, 
 With that strong faith the prophets preached of 
 
 yore. 
 O glorioiiH soul! how many lips Hhall blesH 
 That faithfulness, that wealth of hopefulness 
 Tliat like God's eun persisted in its cheer, 
 
 (83 )
 
 Forged at such heat, thy swift word struck the 
 
 ear, 
 To pierce men's souls, which finding day still 
 
 shine. 
 Rose and unbarred their lives to Life divine." 
 
 After one of my father's sermons, I re- 
 minded him of an expression it contained 
 that he was grieved whenever he heard 
 others say, that the gospel of Jesus was not 
 suited to the common people. This led me 
 to ask why Friends did not make more effort 
 to spread their doctrines. He replied that 
 he hoped the time would come when they 
 would be strong enough to do so, but it must 
 be by first believing in and practicing their 
 high and distinctive views; that while our 
 church government and mode of worship 
 might not be adapted to the masses, yet we 
 must not descend as do the Roman Catholics 
 to popularize and corrupt our teaching in 
 order to gain converts. 
 
 "Throughout the civilized world there is 
 a vast amount of unbelief and infidelity; 
 those holding these doctrines, ridicule and 
 scorn the inconsistencies of the Christian 
 church, and yet the views of Friends are 
 recognized by them, as purer, and more in 
 accord with the Bible. Thus we may gain 
 many such doubting hearts and our mission 
 will not be unfulfilled; our lives will be a 
 constant evidence that there is a reality and 
 sufficiency in the Gospel, while many will 
 own that "it is God that worketh in us." 
 
 in a long drive with a stone-mason, Sam- 
 uel Morris soon learned that the man was an 
 unbeliever and a fatalist, yet said he was a 
 
 (84)
 
 student of human nature. My father told 
 him of genuine conversions he had known, 
 of his maternal uncle, Wm. Perot, who, as a 
 member of the Prison Society of Philadel- 
 phia visited the Penitentiary, seeking to aid 
 and counsel the inmates. On one occasion 
 the warden spoke of a murderer who was 
 most violent and dangerous, so that no one 
 dared approach him. Wm. Perot felt such 
 pity, that he insisted on risking his life, by 
 going alone to the cell of this man saying 
 that he came as a brother who had need of 
 the same Divine mercy. The fury of the 
 
 Prisoner was changed to penitence, so that 
 e listened to the message of his visitor, and 
 all in the building were amazed at his conver- 
 sion. His chains were taken off and he 
 served his sentence for many years faithfully. 
 At his release, he went to a Western city to 
 fill a position in a prison as instructor. 
 
 Such miracles of grace sustained to their 
 journey's end, prove the Divine power as 
 strong to save as ever it was. Then Samuel 
 Morris dwelt on Stephen Grellet's wonderful 
 life, which made an impression on the stone- 
 mason's mind, and he gladly received a copy 
 of the book. 
 
 ( 86 )
 
 In preparing for his journey to Friends in 
 Great Britain and on the Continent of Eu- 
 rope, my dear father had numerous letters 
 of encouragement from both sides of the sea. 
 Visits too, had been many the week before 
 his sailing. And when Samuel Emlen came, 
 the conversation turned to the attitude of 
 Philadelphia, past and present, in its Yearly 
 Meeting. Father said that many years ago, 
 Joseph Snowden had addressed him thus — 
 "I have had a part to take in the church 
 which has made me a one-sided character, 
 a man of blood, in contending constantly for 
 the Truth (referring to the separation of 
 1827). 1 am like David, who though he 
 desired to build a temple to the Lord, was 
 not permitted to do so, but his son was 
 commissioned for this work. Thus 1 trust, 
 my dear young Friend, that thou and others 
 may restore the waste places in Zion and 
 that you may live to see peace and love 
 multiply." 
 
 In the retrospect of his foreign journeys, 
 Samuel Morris therefore said, " I have en- 
 deavored to bring about a right feeling by 
 allowing myself to be a living epistle going 
 on Gospel service to England and her Col- 
 onies." 
 
 Sailing from New York, my father had 
 a quiet and uneventful voyage. From his 
 Journal we quote: 
 
 "Fifth Month 6th, 1889. — In my private 
 retirement this morning, upon committing 
 afresh my loved ones to the tender care of 
 the Shepherd of Israel, there was graciously 
 
 (86)
 
 granted such a sense of the prayer being an- 
 swered, that my whole soul was broken in 
 gratitude and praise. Let me not forget 
 this signal favor in the days to come. 
 
 " 1 1 th. — The morning broke calm and fair. 
 We much enjoyed our chairs in the sunshine, 
 the outlook upon the placid sea with the 
 gulls flapping lazily by, and an occasional 
 sail coming or going in the distance. The 
 scene, as well as our mood, was admirably 
 suited for the reading by dear Thomas Cope 
 of a beautiful selection from an ode of Words- 
 worth, which had been read by his beloved 
 daughter Mary, this day three years ago, 
 when they were together here. The hal- 
 lowed memories which were thus revived 
 scarcely allowed the heart-stricken father to 
 give utterance to the words, while they never 
 seemed to me so full of spiritual depth and 
 beauty. We shall love to remember the 
 hour and the scene." 
 
 "Arriving at Liverpool we drove to the 
 Adclphi Hotel and had a call from Dr. Thorp, 
 J. B. Braithwaite and George Cooke. Al- 
 most the only thing to remind us that it was 
 First-day was the quiet of the streets, and 
 on arriving at Dr. Thorp's it was most re- 
 freshing to find ourselves under a Friend's 
 roof, where his lovely wife Anne and three 
 rosy-faced little ones made us welcome. 
 
 " 14th. — TfXik the morning train for May- 
 field, Derbyshire, the residence of F. and 
 J. Simpson, engaged in the manufacturing 
 of spinning thread from l-^gyptian cotton. 
 We took a stroll by winding ways to a neigh- 
 
 ( H7 )
 
 boring farmstead; while in the distance we 
 were shown the cottage where 1 om Moore 
 lived for a time, where his Lallah Rookh was 
 written and his sweet lines, the ' Evening 
 Bells,' suggested by the spire and its chime 
 at Ashbourne. Rows of neat and tastefully 
 built houses for the operatives pleased us 
 much, while the well-kept plots and flower 
 beds without and the tidy air within doors 
 showed that the interest of their employers 
 in their welfare and comfort is appreciated. 
 " 1 6th. — We found on the train Lucy Spen- 
 cer, now in her ninety-second year, whose 
 sweet countenance and plain dress at once 
 drew our attention. We learned that near 
 her eightieth year she came out in the min- 
 istry, and is still frequently engaged in her 
 gift, greatly to the comfort and edification of 
 the church. Had we not met with her she 
 had expected to go quite alone, for, as she 
 said, 'I've nothing to be afraid of,' and 
 with firm step and erect carriage, she moved 
 along as though she had been forty years 
 younger. 
 
 " London, Fifth Month 17th, 1889. 
 
 "Reached our quarters, 27 Craven Street, 
 near the Strand toward ^ o'clock, and I was 
 impressed by the imposmg grandeur of the 
 buildings which we met at every turn, the 
 throngs which filled the thoroughfares, and 
 yet the good order and comparative ease 
 with which they moved in ceaseless action 
 to and fro, suggesting Bonar's apt illustra- 
 tion, 'The Tides of the Human Sea.' Nor 
 was it all nearly so bewildering as 1 had im- 
 
 (88)
 
 agined, but I soon realized myself to be a 
 part of the moving mass, with a place and 
 purpose of my own and that there was room 
 for all, by each simply minding his own busi- 
 ness. 
 
 "Long lines of the military were going 
 through their drill to the sound of stirring 
 music, and the precision with which they 
 moved was something marvellous. But as 
 their brilliant trappings glittered in the sun 
 and the fme brass band thrilled the air with 
 its notes, 1 could but feel that this is war in 
 holiday attire, and this but one of the meth- 
 ods, which, by its pomp and circumstance, 
 war has long employed in strengthening its 
 hold upon the world. Waterloo, Austerlitz 
 and the Crimea could present a very different 
 picture, and show how dearly England had 
 bought her military glory. 
 
 "19th. — To Westminster Meeting. J. B. 
 Braithwaite spoke briefly but excellently, 
 and 1 had some service upon the Psalmist's 
 words, 'My soul, wait thou only upon God,, 
 for my expectation is from llim.' Then 
 we dined with J. B. B. A refreshing rest 
 followed, and later a Bible reading witli him- 
 self and his daughter Rachel, on which the 
 former commcnlcd in a very interesting 
 manner. We had also a sweet call on Mar- 
 tha, his wife, in her own room; her gentle, 
 loving spirit is most attractive, while grace 
 shines through all unimslak.ibly. 
 
 "21st. — I wosittingsof the Yearly Meeting 
 were held to-day for ministry and f)versight, 
 our Certificates were presented ;unl drew 
 
 7 ( R9 )
 
 forth expression of satisfaction. I was led 
 to dwell on the importance of maintaining 
 the proper relation between Meetings for 
 Worship and Ministers who might be called 
 to take part in them; that with our views 
 upon the subject, the minister should not 
 suppose that his position placed him above 
 his brethren, or that to him was committed 
 the authority for conducting the services of 
 the meeting; but that he took his place 
 among the company as one with them in the 
 solemn engagement for which they had come 
 together, himself a worshipper as well as 
 they. In thus sitting where the people sit 
 and brought into sympathy with them, he 
 will be prepared to receive a message, if that 
 be the Divine will, to which the witness for 
 Truth in their own hearts would respond. 
 Or should the spirit of prayer cover the as- 
 sembly, the minister will be no less quick to 
 perceive it ; and if called to offer a vocal peti- 
 tion on their behalf, this too will be in unison 
 with the secret exercise of others and we may 
 well believe will reach the Mercy Seat. Thus 
 all will be refreshed together, and the Lord's 
 name exalted. 
 
 "in the afternoon a Memorial of John 
 Bright was read, brief but full; several 
 Friends added their remembrances of inci- 
 dents in his life, and various illustrations 
 were given of his devotion to a sense of duty, 
 as well as the unostentatious piety which 
 underlaid his character and influenced both 
 his public and private life. He mostly at- 
 tended Westminster Meeting when in Lon- 
 
 (90)
 
 don, where his devout attitude as a worship- 
 per was very noticeable, not infrequently 
 giving evidence of the tenderness of his 
 spirit. 
 
 " The essay for the General Epistle was 
 brought in and proved to be a weighty docu- 
 ment which met with very general accept- 
 ance. The meeting now settled under a 
 solemn covering, during which several peti- 
 tions were offered with thanksgiving for the 
 favors which had been granted during the 
 several sittings of the Yearly Meeting. 1 
 too was drawn to supplicate the Shepherd of 
 Israel on behalf of His Church and people, 
 that they might be brought into that full 
 accordance with His blessed will and govern- 
 ment, whereby everything which now mars 
 her brightness and her power might be 
 purged away; that He would take unto Him- 
 self indeed His 'own great power, and reign.' 
 The meeting again settled into solemn si- 
 lence and thus closed a very important Year- 
 ly Meeting, during which it seems to us there 
 has been some gain for the cause of Truth. 
 " Toward evening Kdvvin R. Kansome called 
 to take us to Wandsworth Common, where 
 we were received most kindly by his wife, 
 and daughters brought up in habits of in- 
 dustry and usefulness, while in the arrange- 
 ments of the home there had evidently been 
 much care on the part of the parents to 
 make it one of innocent happiness and love. 
 
 "Sixth Month 6th. — Having crossed the 
 North Sea we reached Stavanger, in Norway, 
 at three o'clock in the morning. Here Peter 
 
 ( 91 )
 
 Fugelli and Carl Nieman had been patiently 
 waiting with their little ponies and wagons 
 to take us to our quarters in the Friends' 
 'Skole Hus,' But what a panorama of 
 beauty now enveloped us ! The fjord wound 
 its way to east and west with varying width 
 and bestud with islands and bare rocks, 
 while range behind range of mountains from 
 two thousand to five thousand feet high rose 
 in charming confusion. The quaint little 
 town sprung from the waters' edge, and 
 crooked streets wound round the hills or 
 climbed up steep rocky heights at grades 
 which to Philadelphian eyes looked utterly 
 impracticable. But along these the neat 
 and often pretty little homes of the people 
 had been set where the great bald rocks 
 would let them; and here the town had stood 
 for near one thousand years and has grown 
 to a population of twenty-five thousand. 
 The houses with their red-tile roofs and va- 
 ried colors seemed strikingly in harmony 
 with the picturesque scenery about them, 
 and only added the charm of human life to 
 the quiet grandeur of nature. 
 
 "At the 'Skole Hus' we found most com- 
 fortable quarters; the boarding department 
 of the school being suspended for the sum- 
 mer months left that part of the building 
 free for the use of our party, and our good 
 Friends Walter and Louisa Morice had pro- 
 vided liberally for our accommodation as to 
 food and lodging. (These two Friends had 
 accompanied S. M. from England and had also 
 traveled with him and T. P. C. in Canada.) 
 
 (92)
 
 "8th.— The day for Yearly Meeting. The 
 good people from the country had begun to 
 arrive last evening, a number of them 
 finding lodgings in the loft over our quarters 
 where the children sleep during the school 
 term. They mostly brought their scanty 
 wardrobe and provisions in bags and tin 
 boxes slung over their shoulders. Probably 
 eighty were present. The meeting opened 
 with a time for worship, during v/hich most 
 of our company were engaged in service. 
 Our certificates were read, also the minutes 
 of the two months' meetings. 
 
 " 17th. — Visited two leper hospitals in Ber- 
 gen, where we saw a number of heart sicken- 
 mg cases of that loathsome and hopeless 
 malady. We were glad to see how good 
 were the accommodations thus provided by 
 the State. They contain four hundred in- 
 mates including both sexes and all ages. 
 It is regarded as incurable. One poor man, 
 now twenty-eight, said that he had been 
 brought to the hospital when he was three 
 years old. Leprosy seems to be quite preva- 
 lent in Scandinavia and may be in some 
 measure attributed to lack of vegetable diet. 
 
 " Passing up tlie coast we were again de- 
 lighted with a wonderful display of bold and 
 broken cliffs and mountain heights often 
 white with snow or capped by clouds. Ouite 
 a number of the dear pct^plc am(Kig whom 
 we have been laboring were gathered at the 
 pier to bid us a last 'far\'eil.' We left 
 Christiansand amidst the waving of hats and 
 kerchiefs, feeling tliat we were parting 
 
 (03 )
 
 with many whom we could wish God-speed 
 in their heavenward journey. The day was 
 bright and balmy, and we rode most peace- 
 fully on through the pretty islands until the 
 boat halted near a little hamlet, swhere our 
 party for Stavanger were to take carioles, 
 while the two brethren were to continue their 
 voyage. We shall greatly miss dear Walter 
 Morice in many ways, for he has by his kind- 
 liness of heart andf manner, his great good 
 sense and executive ability as well as by his 
 thorough knowledge of Norsk, admirably 
 supplied our needs as guide and counsellor 
 in our movements. At the same time the 
 gifts and graces of the Spirit have been be- 
 stowed upon him in such measure as to make 
 him eminently serviceable in just such a 
 work as that in which we have been en- 
 gaged." 
 
 A denomination known as * Free Mission 
 Brethren ' scattered throughout Norway, 
 claimed much interest from Samuel Morns, 
 and in his various meetings with them, 
 sweet unity on both sides was felt. The 
 Journal continues: 
 
 " 27th. — As the hour for leaving our moor- 
 ings drew near, we were agreeably surprised 
 to see one after another of our Mission 
 brethren and sisters mount the deck, till 
 they numbered perhaps fourteen or fifteen, 
 all greeting us again most warmly. The 
 younger women seemed especially cordial, 
 and one of them, with whose sweet, thought- 
 ful face we had grown familiar at the meet- 
 ings, modestly put in the hands of Thomas 
 
 (94)
 
 Cope, Louisa M. and my own an envelope 
 containing a card with a small spray of 
 pressed flowers on one side, and on the other 
 a few lines in Norsk. Mine, freely rendered, 
 would read thus: — 'Eternal love spreads 
 her wings over the whole face of the Earth 
 and leads all mankind to one faith and one 
 hope.' This little farewell demonstration 
 was the more grateful because so spontan- 
 eous on the part of our visitors. 
 
 "Seventh Month 3rd. — Taking the ^z7/iam 
 Tanner, a clever boat that would carry a sail 
 and had been provided through the liber- 
 ality of English Friends, we started for Idso. 
 Here we found the men in the midst of their 
 mowing and haymaking, but there was little 
 time to spare. When all had come together 
 those who had small families to bring up, 
 were reminded of their responsibilities and 
 yet encouraged to seek for wisdom and 
 strength which they would need from Him 
 Who is the 'Giver of every good and perfect 
 gift,' and it would be given them. Our 
 meeting ended in prayer for a blessing on 
 us all. 
 
 "The home of our friend Torbien Tvedt 
 was among the humblest ; a doorway through 
 which we had to stoop, and within ceilings 
 under parts of which 1 homas (.ope could 
 not stand upright, showed the scantiness of 
 the proportions. But it only required a 
 glance at the gof)d man of the hf)use to see 
 humbleness of mind, honesty of purpose and 
 kindliness of heart—showing out through 
 his face; or at the daughter to .see repeated, 
 
 ( o.i )
 
 in a very attractive manner, the father's 
 graces. Though neither could understand 
 our tongue, nor we theirs, we felt at once at 
 home with them. The son, a very pleasing 
 man of perhaps thirty, had been to Iowa, 
 where he had seen the goodliness of the land 
 and learned English, so as to speak it with 
 entire ease. He had hoped to persuade his 
 father to return with him to America, but 
 failing in this was for the present helping 
 in the management of the paternal home- 
 stead. The good daughter soon had the 
 table spread; in the center a tub of 'Melke 
 Koler' which was supplemented by some 
 of our provisions, and we made a hearty 
 meal. This over, boards were brought in 
 and arranged for a meeting to which the 
 neighbors had been invited, and soon the 
 little room was almost filled to its capacity 
 with good faced men, women and little ones. 
 A very precious sense of Divine love and 
 care deeply impressed me while I was no 
 less conscious that this found a response in 
 the hearts of my hearers. The gentle Kris- 
 tina thanked ' the Lord for the good words 
 He had sent her this day' and mid many 
 'taks' and 'far-veils' we wound our way 
 down the rocky pass to the William Tanner. 
 Our stout oarsmen did their part well, and 
 we reached the Skule-Hus safely. 
 
 " 5th. — We had been invited to be present 
 at the closing exercises, and my dear com- 
 panion had arranged for a little Teste' 
 when these were over. So, when the records 
 for lessons and conduct during the term had 
 
 (96)
 
 been read out and we had heard some sam- 
 ples of reading, arithmetic, etc., the master 
 invited his visitors to test the knowledge of 
 his pupils by questions in various branches. 
 This brought out a degree of proficiency for 
 which we were scarcely prepared, while their 
 bright eyes and ready responses showed an 
 amount of native intelligence that would 
 have done credit to any school of the same 
 number and years. We could commend 
 both them and their teachers for the good 
 results of their work; and then the cakes 
 were handed round at the desks with a cup 
 of chocolate for each, which is accounted a 
 rare treat in Norway and appears only at 
 great entertainments. Thus the 'com- 
 mencement' closed to the satisfaction of all 
 concerned, and our fellow-laborers with our- 
 selves went to take tea by invitation with 
 our good friend Marie Jenson and her son 
 Jon. 
 
 " We had been feasting our eyes for hours 
 upon the grand mountain peaks as they 
 multiplied about us, but we were to have a 
 new phase of beauty when the declining sun 
 — i. e. about ten o clock -threw over them 
 a tint of indescribable coloring which so 
 fascinated us that we could not turn indoors 
 till ' 'twas gone and ail was gray.' 
 
 Another day of cloudless sky is over the 
 landscape, and we have been studying the 
 geography of the mountains sufficiently to 
 learn that their heights vary from live thou- 
 sand to eight thousand feet: and instead of 
 a connected range as they appear to our un- 
 
 (97 )
 
 practised eye, spaces of seventy to eighty 
 miles may divide them. Thus they are 
 rather detached peaks, scattered over a wide 
 extent of country, but of proportions so 
 vast and so disposed as to prove quite de- 
 ceptive. Here 1 read aloud the first canto 
 of 'Evangeline,' in which our Longfellow 
 so admirably describes, in his picture of 
 Acadian life at Grand Pre, that of the simple 
 hearted and contented people among whom 
 we have been dwelling. 
 
 "The steamer which we were to take be- 
 tween ten and eleven o'clock, p. m. for Bergen 
 did not reach this port till past twelve, so 
 we could watch the sun-set fade and the 
 dawn break, by simply a blending of light 
 from the east and west which did not allow 
 the stars to show themselves. 
 
 "21st. — A little after midnight we again 
 took a steamer for Frederickshaven, Den- 
 mark, a night upon the Skagerack, during 
 the early part of which the sailing was ex- 
 ceedingly uncomfortable with a chopping 
 sea. At 5.30 p. M. we left by rail for Hjor- 
 ring. This is an ancient place, and we were 
 impressed with its thoroughly foreign air. 
 The buildings, seldom more than one-story, 
 were mostly of stone or brick; streets of 
 varying width, though cleanly. Here we 
 found the stork more than domesticated, 
 being tenderly regarded by the people as 
 bringing good-fortune to the house upon 
 which he builds his nest. On many a 
 housetop, therefore, a great basket was care- 
 fully fastened, where this strange bird was 
 
 ( 98 )
 
 tending his fledglings of which he seldom 
 rears more than two. These it is said re- 
 main on the nest till the time for migrating 
 in the autumn. Then the parents push 
 overboard the little ones, who are expected 
 by that time to be ready for their flight 
 southward. Should they be crippled in the 
 fall, or unable to fly, the weaklings are 
 promptly killed by the old birds, as unworthy 
 of further care. Their habits are most sin- 
 gular, often standing motionless on one leg 
 as in deep meditation, or stalking in a digni- 
 fied manner, through the streets, and then 
 gathering up their troublesome legs, they 
 soar away to their nests, or the marshes 
 where they find the frogs and snakes that 
 constitute much of their food. Among the 
 popular superstitions regarding the stork, 
 is the belief that his presence secures chil- 
 dren for the home where he builds; so many 
 tender stories are afloat among the mothers 
 and little ones confirming this tradition. 
 
 "The country through which we passed is 
 singularly in contrast with that we have just 
 left, consisting of wide stretching plains or 
 gentle slopes almost bare of trees excepting 
 where they have been planted about the 
 low-roofed buildings to break the force of 
 the winds, which in Winter are fierce and 
 harsh. The soil of Denmark though thin 
 is light and easily tilled, and as a consequence 
 the Danes have become a strongly agricul- 
 tural people. They raise large crops of r)e, 
 barley and oats; have a superior stock of 
 cattle and horses, also geese and fowls; 
 
 ( 90 )
 
 while they find ready markets for their sur- 
 plus products in Norway and Great Britain. 
 The farms are often very extensive, one of 
 which we were told has a herd of two hun- 
 dred and fifty cows. Fences are scarcely 
 used, but the animals are tethered in the 
 fields and moved frequently by men or boys, 
 whose business it is to tend them. Sheep 
 are tethered in pairs, and so are geese. All 
 are well cared for in Winter in large, but low 
 buildings, and we are told it is common to 
 cover the cows in the fields with blankets in 
 wintry weather. Excellent butter is ex- 
 ported in large quantity to England, where 
 we understand from our English friends it 
 commands the highest prices. Wind-mills 
 in all directions are a striking feature in 
 Danish scenery and are very picturesque 
 objects. Walter Morice was reminded of 
 an old saying of the country, 'What is so 
 busy as a Danish Mill?' 
 
 "Aalborg is an ancient town, many of the 
 buildings being exceedingly quaint and even 
 grotesque in their style and intended adorn- 
 ments. One bears the date carved in wood, 
 of 1518, thus carrying one back in thought 
 nearly to the discovery of our Continent by 
 Columbus. Another quite pretentious edi- 
 fice is said to have been built about a century 
 later by a wealthy citizen who desired to 
 found a Home for those who had seen better 
 days, but through reverses had become de- 
 pendent upon others. His father remon- 
 strated with him on the folly of thus spend- 
 ing the money for strangers which he might 
 
 ( 100)
 
 some day need himself. To this he repUed: 
 ' Then there will be a place where somebody 
 will take care of me.' Time passed on, 
 adversity overtook him, and the story is that 
 he did end his days in the Institution which 
 his own benevolence had founded. A bridge 
 constructed of forty-eight boats strongly 
 anchored and contaming a 'draw' for pass- 
 ing ships, connects the town with the oppo- 
 site side of the Sound and cost nearly one 
 hundred and sixty thousand dollars. Among 
 the public institutions are several banks, 
 a savings fund and a museum. A pleasant 
 park is a great boon to the people, whose 
 homes are often very crowded, and set upon 
 narrow and crooked streets. There is, how- 
 ever, throughout an air of neatness, and old 
 as are many of the buildings, they are kept 
 in careful repair. The population is nine- 
 teen thousand. Before dinner we called on 
 J. Holm, a tailor whose wife is a Friend, and 
 on Gustav Guldbransen and his family, con- 
 sisting of a wife and several bright little 
 children. An orphan girl whose mother 
 was a Friend, makes her home with them. 
 She had been to a school in Fngland for a 
 short time, and speaks Fnglish well. Besides 
 helping in the family she is assistant teacher 
 in the little Friends' school here. Gustav 
 Guldbransen is a maker of scales, and has 
 obtained a patent for one of his inventions. 
 A little testimony as to the happiness which 
 is the portion of those in whose hearts 
 Divine love has found an entrance, and 
 some words of encouragement and comfort 
 
 ( ini )
 
 for the orphan, were, I trust, not unsea- 
 sonable. 
 
 "25th. — Took a train for another town 
 where Hve C. and J., the one a coach-maker, 
 the other a small land-holder. The former 
 is evidently a man of excellent spirit, and has 
 earnestly endeavored to heal the breaches of 
 unity which have of late disturbed the breth- 
 ren here. He told us that he and his neigh- 
 bor had recently been talking over these, 
 but the latter could see no way for lessening 
 their troubles, until some who had offended 
 him would ask his forgiveness. C. replied 
 that it is needful we should be ready to for- 
 give our enemies, even while they may be 
 bitter against us. They spent, he said, two 
 hours in earnest talk; and then both being 
 convinced that, if they were to be brought 
 into a proper spirit themselves, or the trou- 
 bles in the meeting were to be cured, they 
 must have God's help, they knelt down 
 together and prayed earnestly that He would 
 bring about such a change of heart in all 
 concerned, that the cause of their troubles 
 might be removed, and harmony once more 
 restored. He added that they both felt 
 more comfortable ever since. We had pleas- 
 ant visits at both houses, and the two men 
 accompanied us to the returning train. At 
 Aalborg the meeting for worship was held 
 on First-day, and the two rooms nearly 
 filled. 
 
 ( 102)
 
 " Denmark, Seventh Month 29th, 1889. 
 
 "A company of about forty persons, in- 
 cluding the English and American visitors, 
 gathered in the meeting-room at Aalborg, 
 and after prayer by more than one, the clerk 
 Hans Guildbransen opened the Yearly 
 Meeting; an opportunity offering, I made 
 some remarks upon the law of love, which 
 our blessed Saviour had left for the govern- 
 ment of his Church. This necessarily led 
 to sympathy one for another, to a willing- 
 ness to bear much and give up much for the 
 good of all, to great patience and brotherly 
 kindness; only One, I reminded them, was 
 to be master among His disciples, even Christ, 
 and all they were to be brethren in Him. 
 'He is not divided,' and 'God is not the 
 author of confusion but peace, as in all the 
 Churches of the Saints.' 
 
 " We wanted them to realize that, repre- 
 senting as they do the principles of Friends 
 in Denmark, there is before them a field for 
 great usefulness in upholding and spreading 
 the news upon many important subjects 
 which we profess. Many thoughtful and 
 godly people among other religious bodies 
 are dissatisfied with the doctrines which 
 they have been taught and are asking for 
 a better way than they have yet found. 
 This should encourage us, therefore, to sock 
 for strength and grace to do our part in put- 
 ting before them in a forcible manner, tnose 
 gospt'l truths which have been given us to 
 uphold. After more than five hours the 
 meeting closed. All seemed to feel less 
 
 ( 103)
 
 burdened with anxieties as to the future of 
 their Httle meeting, than when we came 
 amongst them, and some were evidently 
 rejoiced that the right course had been tak- 
 en. We called on a widow living alone in 
 a room six by twelve feet, one end contain- 
 ing a bed screened by a curtain. A little 
 oil stove was preparing her scanty noon-day 
 meal. In one of the windows were candies, 
 spools and other notions for sale, while on 
 tne table were sewing materials and unfin- 
 ished work; a few chairs and a small stove 
 for wood when needed, completed the fur- 
 niture. But the happy face, filled with 
 cheerful contentment and love for all around 
 her, was most refreshing to look upon. Nor 
 were we surprised to find under all, love 
 to her Heavenly Father and thankfulness 
 for his goodness and watchful care, holding 
 a large place in her heart. 
 
 "Took the train for Veile, a very pretty 
 town, surrounded by a rolling country, with 
 our good N'oung friend, Kristina as inter- 
 preter. We called on the widow Svensen 
 and her four daughters, dressmakers, busily 
 engaged in managing their work and store. 
 The only son Julius had been notified of his 
 call for military service, though he had con- 
 scientious objections: thus we continually 
 meet with illustrations of the working of a 
 system which imposes upon the people bur- 
 dens and a bondage which bear grievously 
 upon them. We called also upon Christian 
 Madsen, a maker of wooden shoes, at his 
 
 ( 104 )
 
 shop, and his wife Trina, at their home under 
 the same roof as the Friends' meeting-room. 
 
 Eighth Month 2nd. At Copenhagen we 
 were m.et very kindly by the wiie and daugh- 
 ter of Christian Hansen, a Lutheran family, 
 with whom W. and L. Morice had become 
 pleasantly acquainted during their long stay 
 in Denmark. They took us a delightful 
 drive through the ' King's Grounds,' a tract 
 fourteen miles in circumference. On this 
 is one of the palaces of King Christian IX, 
 approached by an avenue of lindens. At 
 one point we met two gentlemen, one of 
 whom was the King of Greece, the son of the 
 Danish King, a man of pleasant face and 
 bearing, with nothing about him to denote 
 his rank. The road now wound through 
 grassy slopes and tracts of woodland, whose 
 trees, mostly beech and linden, were admir- 
 able specimens of aged yet luxuriant growths 
 Their sturdy trunks and graceful branches, 
 as they grew singly or were disposed in 
 groups, were objects of rare beauty; while 
 the sunlight that played through them, 
 added another charm to the scene. 
 
 "Then we would meet here and there 
 quietly feeding and scarcely starting at our 
 approach, herds of deer and fawns, some- 
 times quite numerous. And though mostly 
 the fallow deer, at one point we passed what 
 we took to be a number of elk. In all we 
 must have seen upwards of one hundred of 
 these beautiful animals in the course of our 
 drive. loward six o'clock we reached 
 Skodsborg, a summer resort on the Sound,, 
 
 8 ( 105 )
 
 where our kind hostess would have us stop 
 for supper. From this point we could read- 
 ily see the coast of Sweden, and the spot was 
 pointed out where Tycho Brahe lived and 
 made some of his important astronomical 
 observations. It was quite late in the even- 
 ing when we again reached the city, after 
 a delightful and refreshing day. Copen- 
 hagen has a population of four hundred 
 thousand, and has rapidly increased of late 
 years in size and importance. The streets 
 are well laid out and especially in the new- 
 ly built parts are broad, well-paved and 
 cleanly. Many of the buildings are very 
 handsome, generally from four to six stories 
 in height, and frequently arranged around 
 a central court-yard. Some are of a light 
 free-stone, but brick, plastered or painted, 
 is the more common material. Several fine 
 squares and lakes in the heart of the city 
 add much to its healthfulness. Copenhagen 
 has been called the 'Paris of the North,' 
 and while truly a beautiful city, it is to be 
 feared that its moral atmosphere too much 
 resembles that of the French Capital. 
 
 " We made a short visit to a Sailors' Home, 
 established through the efforts of our friend 
 Kristina Hansen, and a few other benevo- 
 lent ladies. Its capacity as yet is limited, 
 but it is doing a good work. Here we were 
 interested to meet with several of the Lady 
 Managers, who impressed us as excellent 
 women. They represent a class of serious 
 Christians of various persuasions in Copen- 
 hagen, who in a quiet way are exercising a 
 
 (106)
 
 very wholesome influence upon the commun- 
 ity, and who seem to be strongly impressed 
 with the view that while the disciple of 
 Christ has his place in the world, he is em- 
 phatically called out of its spirit and the 
 evil of its ways. 
 
 "6th. — Owing to delay as to proceeding 
 immediately with the work in Germany and 
 through the desire of my faithful companion 
 to afford me what he thought a needed rest, 
 we had concluded to spend a few days in 
 Switzerland. So hitherward we bent our 
 course, reaching Heidelberg after midnight. 
 in the castle 1 saw the towers, the prisoners' 
 dungeon, the servants' dungeon, the moat, 
 the portcullis, the banqueting hall, the wine 
 vaults, the famous Fun of Heidelberg, 
 (which is nothing more than an immense 
 beer barrel). All tell of the manner of life 
 which once prevailed. In the Museum I 
 was interested in seeing the portraits of the 
 long lines of princes of various degrees, most 
 of them connected with the history of the 
 castle or famous in their day, together with 
 many relics and other antiquities. The 
 whole conveyed a most striking lesson as to 
 the uncertain tenure of human pomp and 
 greatness; and how completely p(j\ver, which 
 IS not founded in right and justice, may be 
 swept from the earth. We reached Lucerne 
 toward noon, and soon began the ascent of 
 the Kigi in a small car and engine propelled 
 by a powerful cog-wheel arrangement, the 
 sensation that of rising in a balloon, barring 
 the noise. I he beauty of the mountains 
 
 ( 107 )
 
 increased on every side, till we found our- 
 selves enveloped in a succession of grand 
 peaks and ranges overlapping or out-topping 
 one another in endless diversity. 
 
 "At the hotel Rigi Shiedegg, a fresh burst 
 of beauty awaited us, as the declining sun 
 played admirably upon the scene, throwing 
 into shade or lighting up the peaks and 
 gorges, and illuminating the clouds that 
 moved along the mountain-sides or rested 
 peacefully upon their tops. Over all was 
 thrown the softest tint of blue which toned 
 everything about us into a dreamy light, 
 that seemed scarce earthly. The lake at 
 our feet, was of a deep green, yet it too par- 
 took of the changing light that fell upon it, 
 as the clouds drifted across in ever varying 
 shapes. 
 
 " 13th. — The sun breaking out toward ten 
 o'clock, we started for a walk, I, having in 
 my mind, some Alpine flowers to press for 
 our dear H. As I told my little plan, 1 
 found a tender chord had been unintention- 
 ally touched in the heart of my loving com- 
 rade, as he replied 'Well, do thou go for the 
 sake of thy daughter, and 1 will go farther 
 on for the sake of mine.' Then he contin- 
 ued, 'it was just here Mary and 1 turned 
 into this path three years ago, and after 
 rambling among the trees before us, we 
 climbed up that long hill to the cross which 
 we see on the top of it, and there we sat and 
 talked so sweetly. Don't wait for me when 
 thou gets the flowers, for I should like to go 
 up the hill once more.' So we parted, for I 
 
 ( 108 )
 
 saw the stricken heart of the father was full, 
 and it was good for him to be alone. 
 
 " 17th. — About half past four we opened 
 our eyes upon an almost cloudless sky. 
 The approaching sunrise was clearing away 
 the mists of the valleys, and we hastily 
 slipped into some clothing to watch the 
 coming glory. Not a cloud obscured the 
 eastern horizon, the glow of golden light 
 steadily increased, and then with a flash, the 
 full orbed sun shot his rays along the whole 
 line of mountain tops, tipping one after 
 another with a rosy glow. As he mounted 
 higher the snow-clad peaks were bathed in 
 silver, and presently the grand group to 
 which belong the 'Jungfrau,' the 'Monk' 
 and the 'Eiger' caught the full blaze of 
 light, and a spectacle never to be forgotten 
 was before me. Just as the sun broke forth, 
 the chiming of church bells from the ham- 
 lets below fell sweetly upon the ear and 
 blended most harmoniously with the beau- 
 teous scene. Nor was it strange that my 
 lips and heart exclaimed in rapture, 'Earth 
 with her thousand voices praises God.' 
 Completing my toilet, I sat me down to tell 
 the clear daughter, in the home so faraway, 
 of the wondrous beauty in which I was rev- 
 elling." 
 
 A slifjht digression here may be permitted 
 in ofTenng a tribute to the rare character of 
 T. P. G)pe's daughter Mary, as n-fcrcnce has 
 been made to her father's sustained sorrow 
 for her death. Hers was no common nature, 
 
 ( 109 )
 
 and she combined a cultivated mind with 
 fihal reverence and devotion, one on whom 
 her family leaned. Yet when a fatal and 
 lingering disease made her an intense sufferer, 
 we could only marvel at her "strength made 
 perfect in weakness." Her uncle, after a 
 conversation with her, composed this acros- 
 tic sonnet, an echo of her words, showing 
 the secret of her patience: 
 
 Meet for the Master's use, whether I be 
 
 A cup of silver by Him in the fire 
 
 Refined, or only clay drawn from the mire. 
 
 Yet by His patient, loving care to me. 
 
 So shaped and beautiful that even He, 
 
 The Lord of life and glory, might desire. 
 
 Out of my depths, to cause a stream to flow, 
 
 Kindling in other breasts, like precious glow. 
 
 Even so, that when, at last I stand 
 
 Silent and prayerful, before His gate. 
 
 Clad in humihty, I shall but hear 
 
 Only the tender voice of His command 
 
 " Perfect by suffering, then no more shall wait 
 
 Enter the gate, and find thy guerdon here." 
 
 Our two travellers after their week of 
 needed rest, turned their steps toward Ger- 
 many in order to visit the few brethren there, 
 — a young Friend, Charles F. Brede, offering 
 himself acceptably as their interpreter, was 
 now with them. 
 
 The Journal of S. Morris continues in 1889: 
 "First-day, i8th.— In the middle of the 
 morning we sat down together, when T. P. C. 
 read for us the epistle to the Philippians, 
 and I felt called to make some remarks bear- 
 ing upon the nature of our work — the need 
 
 ( 110)
 
 for watchfulness unto prayer, lest we should 
 be as stumbling-blocks to any; but by yield- 
 ing to the Lord's quickening Spirit we should 
 be enabled to walk circumspectly, and to do 
 faithfully whatever service He may be 
 pleased to lay upon us. We were, I trust, 
 refreshed together under a sense of that 
 abounding love which is in Christ Jesus our 
 Lord, whereby all our needs are supplied in 
 Him. 
 
 "21st. — By day-break we were startled 
 with a crash of drums and martial music, as 
 a troop of soldiers were being marched from 
 their oarracks to some distant point. We 
 understand they are frequently called with- 
 out notice, at any hour of the night, and 
 sometimes more than once, to move their 
 quarters. Yet this is just military discipline, 
 and is said to be needful in order to accustom 
 the men to sudden surprises, and it probably 
 is so. But war and every thing connected 
 with it is hard and arbitrary; so that army 
 life, even on a peace footing, is no exception. 
 My heart is often saddened to observe how 
 thoroughly the German people seem devoted 
 to the idea that their strength iind prosperity 
 are dependent upon the maintenance of the 
 army in its highest degree of efficiency, 
 claiming that anything snort of this would 
 invite attack from some neighboring nation, 
 and therefore the present j^olicy is really 
 in the interest of peace. Such a view has 
 an air f)f plausibility, but is one of those pop- 
 ular fallacies which nothing but the tcacli- 
 ings of practical Chri^)tianity can meet effec- 
 
 ( 111 )
 
 tively. We hear of a review of the German 
 troops on a vast scale which is to be made 
 , by the young Emperor in the neighborhood 
 of Minden very shortly. The manoeuvres 
 are to include engagements in the field of 
 probably fifty thousand men as between two 
 contending armies, with an approach as 
 nearly to actual warfare as may be safe or 
 practicable. At the railway stations, on the 
 streets, in the open country, we meet con- 
 tinually with men in some style of military 
 uniform, so that Germany may be said to 
 swarm with soldiers. As a practical result 
 of such a system a large proportion of the 
 men and horses go to the army, while the 
 women and cows are left to do the work in 
 the fields. 
 
 " Minden, Eighth Month 23rd, 1889. 
 
 "Called on David Peitsmeyer, one of the 
 leading Friends here, a watchmaker by 
 trade, his aunt Frederica giving us with 
 much feeling a narrative, of some of the suf- 
 ferings of her worthy husband and others 
 for their refusal to swear and to bear arms. 
 The former was at one time punished by 
 being kept for six weeks upon the "Lateen ' 
 in which the victim, in thin clothing and 
 without shoes is placed in a cell, the floor 
 of v/hich is covered with a frame-work of 
 wooden points upon which he must either 
 stand or lie, there being no other resting 
 place. Here she told us they were fed on 
 Dread and water for three days, and on the 
 fourth were given a little warm food. This 
 
 ( 112 )
 
 treatment mostly brought the sufferer to 
 the yielding point. But not so, as 1 have 
 said, with her faithful husband. His char- 
 acter was the material of which martyrs are 
 made. He was living when Thomas Cope 
 visited Minden three years ago, and strongly 
 impressed the latter with his piety and sub- 
 stantial worth. 
 
 "24th. — Wrote during the morning, and 
 in the afternoon, accompanied by Louise 
 Peitsmeyer, Thomas Cope and Charles Brede 
 1 visited Christine Schelp, Lydia Seebohm, 
 (a niece of the late Benjamin S.), and Julia 
 Rasche. The first named is the daughter 
 of Christian Schelp, another worthy of the 
 last generation, and her own loving spirit 
 and godly life give her an excellent place 
 with her brethren and the community around 
 her. 
 
 "Ninth Month 2nd. — In the evening we 
 made a visit to Antoine Fincke, an interest- 
 ing man who had been educated as a Roman 
 Catholic priest, but became in early man- 
 hood convinced of the views of ITiends. His 
 faith was soon severely tested regarding our 
 testimonies against war and oaths; for his 
 faithfulness he was imprisoned for about 
 two years, and otherwise suffered at the 
 hands of the authorities. He is quite schol- 
 arly in his attainments, nnd now is engaged 
 in teaching l',ngHsh, the classics and mathe- 
 matics to a number of young men. He 
 seems a man of religious experience, and 
 honestly desirous of doing his duty in what- 
 ever sphere he may be placed. The recol- 
 
 { 113 )
 
 lection of some of his early trials and suffer- 
 ings seemed quite to overcome him. 
 
 " Believing our service in Germany now 
 completed, we are preparing to leave for 
 England on the morrow. 
 
 "Near Carlisle, Eng., Ninth Mo. 16th, 1889. 
 
 "A meeting with the Friends at Scotby had 
 been arranged, and shutting up the house our 
 kind hostess Susan Doeg, with Grace Doyle 
 her daughter, and 'Uncle James,' also the 
 maid-servant, wended our way to the modest 
 but comfortable meeting-house in a retired 
 nook just aside from the village street. A 
 low roof, broad casement windows and 
 flagged floor, were its noticeable points. A 
 plot of well-kept grass surrounded the en- 
 trance and studded over this were the graves 
 of many of the little flock, marked by cylin- 
 drical brown stones set perpendicularly at 
 the head and inscribed simply with the 
 name, birth and death of the departed. The 
 ground was enclosed by a substantial stone 
 wall, and the whole was most unique in its 
 simplicity. James Doyle and ourselves 
 were the only men, and about a dozen wom- 
 en made up the little company; but, I trust 
 we all felt is was "good for us to be there;" 
 and I found such freedom both in ministry 
 and prayer as I have often not known in 
 larger assemblies. 
 
 " Pardshaw, Eng., Ninth Month 29th, 1889. 
 
 " It was proposed that we strangers should 
 climb to the top of the hill, which rises from 
 
 ( 114 )
 
 the road on which the meeting-house fronts, 
 and view the height from which George Fox 
 had addressed great crowds who assembled 
 in the fields below. The 'Crag/ is a singu- 
 lar limestone formation which crowns the 
 top of the hill, and at a point directly over- 
 looking the meadow-land that extended to 
 the north, there is a rock shaped very much 
 like a pulpit, from which it is said George 
 Fox used to speak. The acoustic properties 
 of this spot are very remarkable; several of 
 the company posted themselves at a distance 
 of some five hundred yards, while from the 
 pulpit John Watson spoke in an ordinary 
 tone, and notwithstanding a stiff wind was 
 blowing in an opposite direction he was 
 distinctly heard. From this point Neal Dow 
 of Maine, U. S. A., addressed a large gather- 
 ing some time ago in connection with his 
 Temperance work. A very pleasant social 
 occasion was the simple meal of which we 
 now partook, and then the company drew 
 together again in the meeting-room and my 
 dear companion and 1 spoke in a somewhat 
 familiar manner upon our privileges as com- 
 pared with many others, and the importance 
 of each being true to the convictions of his 
 own heart, in order that all should be filling 
 up faithfully their measure of service what- 
 ever it might be. 
 
 "Aberdeen, Scotland, Tentli Month Otli, 1.S89. 
 
 "The meeting being over, Sophia Cash in- 
 vited us to take tea with her. She is the 
 daughter of John I>right of honored memory, 
 
 ( Ho )
 
 and displayed some of the qualities of mind 
 and heart which made him so conspicuous; 
 three little ones add to her happiness, her 
 husband is professor in the University here 
 and at present absent from home. The 
 next day we called on a regular attender of 
 this meeting. He seems very strongly im- 
 pressed with the truth of our views, but 
 disposed to criticize sharply our manifest 
 departure from primitive faith and practice. 
 While unhappily there was too much justice 
 in his strictures, I encouraged him to look 
 away from our short-comings and by his 
 own open acceptance of our principles and 
 a life consistent with them, to do what he 
 could towards bringing about a better condi- 
 tion amongst our people. 
 
 " Edinboro, Tenth Month 10th, 1889. 
 
 "The two months' meeting for Edinboro 
 and Glasgow met at eleven, and we found 
 a goodly number. Called at Eliza Wig- 
 ham's, a sweet-spirited woman probably of 
 fifty-five, full of love and good works, and 
 withal a staunch Friend. Here we took 
 tea and then went to meeting for Ministry 
 and Oversight, where a very interesting 
 discussion took place as to the best means 
 of drawing the younger members, more es- 
 pecially, to attend our meetings for worship. 
 While some looked for much benefit from 
 combining social entertainments with benev- 
 olent and religious work, others felt strongly 
 that the attraction must mainly come from 
 the meetings themselves, and that unless 
 
 ( 116)
 
 spiritual life prevailed in these, they would 
 not commend themselves to our young peo- 
 ple, as superior to the services of other religi- 
 ous bodies. My dear companion spoke ex- 
 cellently on the point, and elicited the ap- 
 proval of others. We passed through Ayr, 
 the birth-place of Burns; on the Main street 
 was still standing the veritable inn whence 
 'Tam O'Shanter' started on his wild ride, 
 of which was a graphic picture over the 
 door-way; above another tavern door, we 
 read that within was to be seen "the mug," 
 from which 'Tam' was wont to regale him- 
 self. We crossed the Ayr upon the time- 
 worn but not dilapidated "Auld Brig" 
 built 1 250, and as we looked down the stream 
 at the site of what in the days of Burns was 
 the 'New Brig,' but which has long since 
 given place to a second, we re-called the 
 prediction of the poet, which had been so 
 fully verified: 
 
 'Conceited gowkl puffed up in windy pride 1 
 This mony a year, I've stood the flood and tide. 
 And though wi crazy eild I'm sair forfairn 
 I'll be a brig when ye're a shapeless cairn.' 
 
 "EniNBORO, Tenth Month Slst, 1889. 
 
 "Between the closeof the meeting and din- 
 ner there were still three hours, so dear 
 Eliza Wigham said to us, 'if you'll come 
 with me, wo will go at least to the Castle and 
 Parliament Mouse!' Lawyers and clients 
 were perambulating the floor, liu- former in 
 full costumes of gowns and wigs, were strik- 
 ing figures; and though the wigs were gray, 
 
 ( 117 )
 
 the dark hair of the wearers cropped out 
 mischievously from beneath, another illus- 
 tration of the tenacity with which our Eng- 
 lish cousins adhere to their time-honored 
 customs, however odd or useless. Just out- 
 side and in the middle of the street-way, 
 we observed a small iron plate with the let- 
 ters J. K. and a date, for beneath had been 
 interred all that was mortal of John Knox, 
 the great Scotch Reformer. His house is 
 still preserved in good repair, in passing, 
 we could but observe a building with this 
 inscription: 'The Heave Awa Temperance 
 House,' while over the doorway was carved 
 the head and bust of a boy. The story is 
 that some years ago, a building in the pro- 
 cess of erection fell, burying several bodies 
 in the ruin. After long but unavailing 
 effort to remove the debris, the men were 
 abandoning all hope of relief for the sufferers, 
 when a brave young voice was heard from 
 beneath 'Heave Awa, lads. I'm not dead 
 yet!' Whereupon the men returned to 
 their labors, and rescued the little sufferer 
 from impending death. So much admired 
 was the courage of the boy that, when the 
 walls were again built, the circumstance 
 was commemorated as I have described. 
 
 "Eleventh Month i st. — Called as a farewell 
 visit on our dear friend Eliza Wigham, but 
 regretted her being from home. This excel- 
 lent woman is one of those striking instances 
 of the widespread influences for good which 
 may be exerted by a single devoted Christian 
 whose heart is filled with love to God and 
 
 ( 118)
 
 man. Such is the appreciation of her val- 
 uable services in behalf of the poorer classes 
 and her worth in the community, that not 
 long since the good people of Edinburg pre- 
 sented her with one thousand pounds in 
 token thereof." 
 
 A month was spent by Samuel Morris 
 and T. P. Cope in the northern English 
 Counties and in Scotland, with many inter- 
 esting meetings and episodes, but we must 
 hasten on to their journey in Southern 
 France. London Yearly Meeting extends 
 a motherly care over the small companies 
 of Friends on the continent, and their love 
 is reciprocal. We quote from the Journal: 
 
 "NiMES, France, Eleventh Month 22nd, 1889. 
 
 "The Templeof Diana, a Roman ruin, well 
 preserved in many of its parts, though built 
 at least two thousand years ago, stands on 
 the edge of the Park. The baths for the 
 imperial court, probably erected by Hadrian, 
 received their water from the spring. These 
 too are in wonderful preservation. The Ro- 
 man Amphitheatre (or Coliseum) has been 
 kept from furtlier decay at the expense of 
 the government. This would originally ac- 
 commodate twenty-five thousand specta- 
 tors. We were sorry to learn that it is still 
 used for bull-fights, to which the people 
 flock by thousands. It is said, in palliation 
 of these brutal spectacles, that the animals 
 are not allowed to be killed f)n the occasion; 
 but the influence of the sight must be debas- 
 
 ( 119)
 
 ing to the spectators under the most favora- 
 ble conditions. 
 
 "24th. — To our great pleasure our Japanese 
 friend, Inazo Nitobe, arrived. 1 trust it will 
 become a means of confirming the religious 
 convictions, which 1 rejoice to find have not 
 been disturbed by the unfavorable influ- 
 ences to which he has been exposed during 
 the progress of his study at the German 
 Universities. 
 
 "At half past ten the little company of 
 Friends at Nimeswere to gather, and 1 could 
 but feel some anxiety as to an interpreter; 
 when Marie Bernard, who speaks quite 
 fluently, unexpectedly arrived from Con- 
 genies. She 'had no thought,' as she said, 
 'of being needed, but just felt like coming 
 to the meeting and now could the better 
 see why she had the gentle impulse.' Then 
 1 trust 1 was helped to minister from the 
 inexhaustible Treasury, to their comfort and 
 edification. 
 
 "CoNGENiES, Eleventh Month 27th, 1889. 
 
 " Staying with Marie Bernard we see some- 
 thing 01 peasant life and made a very pleas- 
 ant call on an old lady, Leah T. As I was 
 introduced to her, she looked earnestly into 
 my face, exclaiming, "Etienne de Grellet!" 
 a rather striking illustration, among many 
 others, of the similarity that must have 
 existed between the countenance of that 
 saintly man and my own. Would I might 
 resemble him in his devotion to the Master 
 whom we both have loved, and experience 
 
 ( 120 )
 
 more of that unction from the Holy One 
 that so abundantly accompanied his labors. 
 
 " Visited a school taught by Christine Ben- 
 ezet, also had a peep at a baker's shop and 
 the butcher's. With Blanche Bernard we 
 climbed a rugged height above the Olive 
 orchards and vineyards, whence we had a 
 charming view of the little town and outly- 
 ing hamlets. On the North were the Ceven- 
 nes Mountains. 
 
 "The meeting-house capable of seating 
 one hundred and fifty, erected with the aid 
 of English Friends early in this century, 
 had a sad interest in the graves of the wor- 
 thies who have been laid in the little burying 
 ground. Among them that of Lydia Majo- 
 lier, who must have been a mother in Israel. 
 The mothers' meeting, was composed of 
 twenty women, knitting wool supplied by 
 Friends in England, their faces, intelligent, 
 comely, solid; each had tucked under her 
 feet the 'chaufTe-pied,' a little box contain- 
 ing smouldering coals which seem almost 
 essential to the comfort, if not health of 
 women, where the floors are universally of 
 stone or tiles, and the poor little wood fires 
 are utterly insufficient lor warming a house. 
 I had a few words of encouragement for the 
 busy knitters, while my dear companion 
 seemed greatly to please them by his French, 
 and again by leaving a small sum lo be 
 expended in a treat. 
 
 "At Fontanes we were met by Clement 
 Brun and soon made welcome at his house. 
 On the table in the meeting-room we wore 
 
 e ( 121 )
 
 shown the ancient Bible, printed about 1650, 
 and which during the bitter persecutions of 
 the seventeenth century, was for a long time 
 secreted in a hole made in the wall below, 
 which we were also shown, and where it had 
 been plastered over, the more effectually to 
 conceal it. This precious relic is a good 
 specimen of the printing of that day, and 
 in excellent condition. After a period of 
 refreshing solemnity, I revived the words 
 of our Lord to his disciples: ' Fear not, little 
 flock; it is your Father's good pleasure to 
 give you the Kingdom.' 
 
 "Twelfth Month 7th. — Arrived at Mentone, 
 we found Thomas Hanbury, whom we had 
 come to visit, waiting for us with his car- 
 riage. He is an English Friend who, having 
 spent some twenty years of his early life as 
 a merchant in Chma, there amassed an 
 ample estate, and at the age of forty-five 
 retired from business. He then purchased 
 a property belonging to a needy Italian 
 Marquise, out of repair, but beautifully sit- 
 uated upon a projecting cape near the little 
 village of La Mortola, Italy. The grounds 
 are laid out with great skill, and admirably 
 adapted to the charming outlook on every 
 side. From Australia, South Africa, China 
 and Japan, as well as our Western Continent, 
 have been brought two thousand varieties 
 of trees, plants, and shrubs, that thrive only 
 in semi-tropic regions, all labelled with their 
 scientific names, making a choice botanical 
 garden, rare seeds being distributed and 
 received. For La Mortola, Thomas Hanbury 
 
 ( 122 )
 
 has put up a school building, large enough 
 to accommodate one hundred pupils and 
 provide a home for several teachers. He 
 IS still interested in China and its people, 
 among whom he spent so many years and 
 where the greater part of his estate still 
 remains. He has been long and actively 
 engaged in associations for the suppression 
 of the opium habit, as well as the traffic 
 in that most injurious drug. His impres- 
 sions of the Chinese character, growing out 
 of his long business intercourse with them, 
 we were glad to fmd very favorable. After 
 the meetmg with his family, he and 1 had a 
 very interesting walk and conversation, in 
 which he displayed a depth of religious feel- 
 ing, saying that our coming and services 
 had been very helpful and seasonable to 
 them all, and he trusted a blessing would 
 follow them. 
 
 "MoNTMEYRAN, France, Twelfth Mo. 16th, 1889. 
 
 Among the mountains here it is exceed- 
 ingly cold. B. B. Combe and ourselves 
 walKed to his brother Samuel's and back, 
 ten miles; they are the only IViends in these 
 parts. We had much sympathy with them 
 m their isolated condition; our coming seem- 
 ed to be appreciated, 
 
 " Paris, Twclftli Month 20th, 1889. 
 "Called on Justine D'Alancourt, an inter- 
 esting character; br^rn a Roman (Catholic 
 and expecting to enter a convent, she was 
 led to Delieve there was a better way. At 
 the age of twenty she went to Kngland where 
 
 ( 123 )
 
 she met for the first time with the Bible and 
 felt that her Heavenly Father was teaching 
 her. Christine Majolier Alsop told her she 
 was at heart a Quaker, and she now saw 
 it right to join our Society. Thus though 
 much alone in Paris, as to Christian fellow- 
 ship, she devotes her time to Mothers' Meet- 
 ings and to instructing young girls as Bible 
 readers among the poor." In the Rue de 
 Theatre near the Eiffel Tower, is her home, 
 with the Mission Rooms, and here is held a 
 Friends' Meeting, during a part of the year. 
 (We visited her in 1904.) Theodore Monod, 
 a pastor in the Free Protestant Church was 
 also congenial to our travellers 
 
 Leaving Paris they next went to Friends 
 in Ireland and were warmly welcomed at 
 Dublin by James N. Richardson and the 
 two veterans, Charles Wakefield and dear 
 old William Green; the latter aged eighty- 
 six, entirely deaf, but shedding around him 
 a sacred influence. He had visited in Gospel 
 love Friends in America four times. 
 
 Mount Mellick the school for children of 
 our Society, was a centre of interest; Cahir, 
 Lurgan, Waterford, Enniscorthy and many 
 other towns.were halting-places — the Friends 
 receiving them cordially. At a gathering in 
 Cork Samuel Morris was asked by George 
 Grubb to tell of his experiences in our 
 Southern States. 
 
 Bessbrook they found to be a model 
 village for weaving linen into fine damasks; 
 the population is thirty-five hundred, sober 
 self-respecting and thrifty through the wise 
 
 (124)
 
 management of J. G. Richardson, the senior 
 partner of the firm. This aged Friend was 
 now on his death bed and a gloom was cast 
 over the whole community. 
 
 The scenery of Ireland exceeded the ex- 
 pectations of my father and he considered 
 It fmer than that of England, whither they 
 now returned. 
 
 We next find them at Bristol with J. S. 
 Fry, aiding him in one of his daily Bible 
 Readings with his employees in the Cocoa 
 Manufactory; two thousand workers in this 
 establishment. 
 
 The various schools under the care of 
 Friends were visited, and the meetings gen- 
 erally in the British Isles also, the Yearly 
 Meeting again in the spring. Were we to 
 give the many details, our pages would over- 
 flow, and we have dwelt more on unfre- 
 quented paths on the Continent. One item 
 impressed me as we close this journey, that 
 altnough Samuel Morris and T. P. Cope had 
 their lodgings in London close to Westmin- 
 ster Abbey and the Houses of Parliament, 
 they never took lime from ministerial duties, 
 to enter these historic buildings during their 
 long s(;journ in England. 1 hus my dear 
 father fourteen years later, enjoyed them 
 to the full, when he went abroad for his 
 health after my mother's long illness and 
 departure. 
 
 An interval of three years came between 
 the two foreign JDurnoys of Samuel Morris, 
 and we find him settlmg into the quiet of 
 home on his return from Europe, having a 
 
 ( 125)
 
 largely increased correspondence with newly- 
 made friends abroad; and many requests 
 from circles here for verbal accounts from 
 him of the places and people he had met. 
 As in "The Pennsylvania Pilgrim," 
 
 " His door was free to men of every name, 
 He welcomed all the seeking souls who came, 
 And no man's faith he made a cause of blame. 
 But best he loved in leisure hours to see 
 His own dear friends sit by him knee to knee, 
 In social converse, genial, frank and free. 
 
 Nor eye was raised, nor hand was stirred 
 In that soul-sabbath; till at last some word, 
 Of tender counsel or low prayer was heard." 
 
 How often did his brother-in-law, Charles 
 Rhoads, say, "Let us go to Olney;" — and 
 there the two, so congenial, would discuss 
 matters in the church and out of it, confirm- 
 ing each other in stronger faith and patience. 
 
 I recall an interesting conversation after 
 their reading the xi. chapter Eccl., as to 
 whether the passage "rejoice oh young man 
 in thy youth, etc.," as well as the general 
 tenor of Solomon's advice, sanctions or con- 
 demns the rational pleasures of the young. 
 They both agreed that he approved of them, 
 providing the heart was kept pure by the 
 Holy Spirit; that the good things given us 
 then, animal spirits, freedom from suffering, 
 bouyancy, are all to be regarded as blessings 
 attending early life; that the concluding 
 sentence, relating to "judgment" does not 
 necessarily mean condemnation, for it 
 speaks of good work as well as evil. 
 
 Again, 1 have recorded the remarks of 
 
 ( 126)
 
 Samuel jMorris and Chas. Rhoads on a pas- 
 sage in Phil, i: i8, where Paul commends 
 the dispersion of the Gospel even through 
 imperfect means; Foreign Missions were 
 thought to be good; the effort to benefit our 
 fellow-creatures should not be checked, for 
 it is the outgrowth of a Christian spirit. . . 
 In noticing the characters of different indiv- 
 iduals, one day, father remarked: "There is 
 a wide difference between true independence 
 and a spirit of self-assertion, the former 
 arises from a quiet, unobtrusive, yet firm 
 expression of one's views when questioned, 
 which calls forth love and respect, even in 
 those differing from him; — the latter is bold 
 and fond of argument, involving a love of 
 notoriety not to be commended." 
 
 On a certain occasion 1 asked my father 
 if such artists as William Richards and Benj. 
 West should be discouraged by Friends, 
 from following the course in which their 
 evident genius led them; he replied, "No, 
 if they confined themselves to works of art 
 which were moral and elevating in tendency." 
 Then said I — "Why may we not buy such 
 reproductions of nature." "Chiefly because 
 of their price," was the answer, 'and the 
 difficulty of setting a limit to such an in- 
 dulgence of our taste. Thus Friends are 
 often called into seemingly narrow paths, 
 in order to set our example to other Christian 
 professors." 
 
 The question arose one evening, during 
 First-day reading, why Irirnds shoulci 
 
 ( 127 )
 
 recognize the heathen deities in astromony 
 while scrupulous as to avoiding their names 
 in the months and days. Samuel Morris's 
 answer was that to be entirely consistent 
 we should consider them equally, but that 
 Friends have never been extremists, and 
 hence contented themselves by bringing 
 their views to bear only upon most glaring 
 errors; if for instance in order to take no 
 part in military affairs, they should refuse 
 to vote for President, because he is also 
 commander-in-chief of the army, this would 
 be an extreme view. Thus carrying out so 
 far their opinions they would be unable to 
 live among other men, but our Saviour's 
 petition was that His followers should "not 
 be taken out of the world but kept from the 
 evil." 
 
 "Fair First-day mornings, steeped in summer calm 
 Warm, tender, restful, sweet with woodland balm. 
 Came to him, like some mother-hallowxd psalm." 
 
 At such times my father would express 
 his fondness for the melodious ringing of 
 church bells at the various places of worship 
 around us. Might he not have shared the 
 feeling of Mary (Tatum) Whitall, who would 
 sav, "The chiming seems to echo the verse:- 
 "6ther sheep I have which are not of this 
 fold." 
 
 The poor were seldom turned from his 
 door, and 1 recall a stormy night when a 
 crowd of negroes arrived — men, women and 
 children on foot, traveling from the South 
 to Canada. "Where can we sleep?" they 
 
 (128)
 
 cried,— and my father said, "lie here by the 
 kitchen fire;" so we made them a supper of 
 boiled Indian meal and the next day they 
 pursued their way. 
 
 Two poor deaf mutes, a man and wife 
 named Brewer, often came to lodge, and a 
 room in the attic was at their service. My 
 father was touched as he went one evening 
 to see that the candle was safely extinguished. 
 The man was on his knees, saying his pray- 
 ers earnestly, with his finger language spread- 
 ing his wants before the Lord, unconscious 
 of anyone near him. When the trade of 
 shoemaking failed to support them in their 
 latter years, through the kindness of some 
 benevolent women they ended their days 
 most happily in a home for Aged Couples, 
 at Seventeenth and Francis Streets, Phila. 
 
 My grandfather had once said, he was 
 thankful for a heart to give, as well as for 
 the means; and it was he who first knew 
 C. and M. Brewer as pupils at the Deaf and 
 Dumb Asylum. 
 
 Thus Samuel Morris in discussing with a 
 visit(jr the proper place of wealth, said that 
 the selfish use of it only is to be avoided; 
 that money is often given to men as a bless- 
 ing which they may dispense to others. 
 Friends are apt to grow rich, through the 
 carrying out of their honest business prin- 
 ciples. 
 
 As I sit at the desk still surrounded by 
 my father's writing materials, how vividly 
 his hourly employments come back to mem- 
 ory, and we will glance at one day. Rising 
 
 ( 129 )
 
 at six, he had time for a period of prayer in 
 his own room, and after breakfast would 
 talk with the gardener about the work to be 
 done; then off to the city for a committee 
 meeting, next a call on one or two invalid 
 friends, followed by a lunch at a restaurant 
 and a siesta at 304 Arch Street in an upper 
 room. If he came home to dine, this mid- 
 day rest was taken in an easy chair, for he 
 had the happy attainment of relaxing both 
 body and mind, napping as a means to fur- 
 ther work. 
 
 Letter-writing or account-books occupied 
 the next hour, and then came his happiest 
 time in the garden, raking hay, gathering 
 fruit or pruning boughs, for he was an agile 
 climber and fearless in a tree-top. 
 
 The training of vines, the hoeing of plants, 
 the picking up fallen branches, the sweeping 
 of snow, all gave him pleasure, as season 
 succeeded season. 
 
 If a visitor called him "Cincinnatus" 
 while he was thus employed, he would smile 
 an apology for his rustic blouse. 
 
 Then in the twilight came a brisk walk 
 on the front porch with our mother, where 
 the setting sun made a glowing background 
 to the forest. 
 
 " Leafless are the trees, their purple branches 
 Spread themselves abroad, like reefs of coral 
 Rising silent in the Red Sea of the winter sunset.* 
 
 A heart to heart talk would ensue, a spark 
 of his own strong faith irradiating her quiet 
 nature. "He was farthest from sentimen- 
 
 ( 130 )
 
 tality by the abundance of the sentiment 
 which filled him." 
 
 By the wood fire on the hearth, followed 
 a fitting finale to the day, stories told to the 
 children before their bed-time, then we 
 gathered by the lamp with our sewing, and 
 he would read aloud from some favorite 
 author, concluding with the Bible chapter 
 at half past nine. 
 
 His excellent health was largely due to 
 regular habits, meals eaten slowly and a 
 Christian optimism. So exceptional was 
 this soundness, that he never knew what it 
 was to have a headache, and referring to 
 this physical blessing, he said: "I often feel 
 unconscious of material existence and the 
 spiritual nature has pre-eminence." 
 
 Dr. E. G. Rhoads remarked that he had 
 never met such an instance of bodily, men- 
 tal and spiritual health. So we need not 
 wonder at my father coasting with his grand- 
 children on the old Haverford sled (still in 
 use), nor at his skating with us on the pond 
 in the valley after his seventy-fifth year, 
 still graceful in motion and bouyant in heart. 
 
 Looking down from our elevated home, 
 how did he enjoy the vistas alTorded by the 
 winding lacony sparkling in the sunlight, 
 throe bridges in sight, our favorite one, stone 
 with two arches. Over this, day and night, 
 traveled the farmers' wagons coming twenty 
 miles or more, bound for Phihidelphia, the 
 high loads of hay particularly effective, 
 giving an air of life to the quiet landscape. 
 
 The steep wooded hillside close to our 
 
 { 131 )
 
 door led me to express a wish to see a prime- 
 val forest — "Why, we live in one!" was my 
 father's answer, "these three hundred trees 
 have grown here naturally, and the land 
 has never been cleared." So they were 
 regarded by him with affection, as well as 
 the tiny blossoms at their feet. How would 
 he have appreciated Dr. Vandyke's words: 
 
 "For the faith that the flowers show when they 
 
 bloom unbidden, 
 For the calm of the water's flow to a goal that is 
 
 hidden, 
 For the trust of the tree that clings to its deep 
 
 foundation, 
 For the courage of wild birds' wings on the long 
 
 migration, 
 Wonderful secret of peace, to abide in Nature's 
 
 breast, 
 Teach me how to confide and live my life, and rest ! " 
 
 "To look through Nature up to Nature's 
 God" was his delight, to view the vicissi- 
 tudes of life as opportunities for closer 
 allegiance and unfaltering trust. 
 
 We now come to the consummation of 
 the ministerial journeys of our dear father — 
 the Gospel visit in 1892 to Japan, Australia, 
 New Zealand and Hawaii. As told in the 
 Memorial, he found a true helper in Jonathan 
 E. Rhoads, who met him in California and 
 they there enjoyed a brief sojourn with the 
 Friends at San Jose,— J. and H. Bean, and 
 the Brun family (from France). 
 
 Isaac Sharp of England was en route to 
 China, but detained at his daughter's by 
 illness. The Journal of Samuel Morris thus 
 alludes to him: "We found this aged servant 
 
 ( 132 )
 
 full of his wonted faith and courage. It 
 was most refreshing to drink in somewhat 
 of that good hope and confidence which 
 animates his heart. 
 
 "A life of devotion like his may well be 
 an object-lesson, from which younger dis- 
 ciples may learn the blessedness there is in 
 serving the same Master." 
 
 In San Francisco a call was made on Han- 
 nah Neall and her husband, "it seemed 
 a pleasure to hear from her old friends in 
 the East. She was the authoress of some 
 sweet verses with which we have been long 
 familiar." 
 
 in this city our travellers also attended 
 the Friends' meeting, where fifty were as- 
 sembled and much benefit was felt. 
 
 At the Y. M. C. A. in the afternoon, an 
 opportunity to speak was offered, and proved 
 a time of profit to the men there gathered 
 from the street. 
 
 From a home letter written on shipboard 
 we make extracts: 
 
 " The Peru, Eighth Month 12, 1892. 
 
 "Somewhat to my surprise we continued 
 in sight of the mountain ranges to our right, 
 for nearly two days, but gradually these 
 faded away and we were left to our loneliness 
 — a speck on the niightv deep! The ship's 
 company consists of the captain and liis 
 officers, about fifty Chinese servants and 
 seamen, fifteen first cabin passengers, in- 
 cluding ourselves, and in other (]uarters one 
 hundred and fifty Chinamen with a few 
 
 ( i« )
 
 young Japs; and several Chinese women, one 
 of whom IS said to be the wife of an imposing 
 personage, who by his style of dress and 
 hauteur would seem to be a somebody. 
 
 "A tall thoughtful young man (Scotch- 
 English) is going a second time as missionary 
 to Japan; his Christian experiences being 
 deep and fervent, we have had many good 
 talks on the things of the kingdom. 
 
 "Then there is a young Jap who has been 
 six years in a Californian High School and 
 now goes back to the interior of Niphon. 
 On asking him whether he felt sorry for the 
 time he had spent in the States, he said 'No, 
 I have learned many good things there, but 
 best of all I have found the Lord Jesus; I 
 should not have heard about Him in my 
 own country.' 
 
 " Poor boy, he scarcely realizes how much 
 it may cost him to acknowledge his Saviour. 
 May nis faith fail not when the testing time 
 shall come. 
 
 "There is also the first mate from Maine, 
 aged twenty-six, who says, 'My mother is a 
 good Christian woman, and when I left her 
 she made me promise I would never drink 
 nor smoke nor use profane language, and I 
 kept my word, first to please her, but now 
 to please my Heavenly Father, and because 
 I want to get to Heaven.' He stands six 
 feet in his stockings, weighs two hundred 
 and forty-two pounds, and can lift eleven 
 hundred pounds. He has been offered 
 large inducements to join theatrical com- 
 panies by way of exhibiting his powers, but 
 
 ( !34)
 
 the thought of his good mother has always 
 helped him to refuse these offers. He seems 
 to have no trouble in controlling his men, 
 for says he, 'they will do right, if you treat 
 them right.' 
 
 "It is a pleasure to watch their orderly 
 ways as they glide noiselessly in and out, 
 regard your every want and dexterously 
 avoid collisions. I enjoy their earnest coun- 
 tenances full of intelligence absorbed in their 
 work, while in their black 'kimonos' with 
 half sleeves of white, their half-shaven heads 
 and the precious queue of raven hair not 
 ungracefully trailing to the heels, they pre- 
 sent a picture at once unique and attractive. 
 
 "it is astounding how completely we can 
 accommodate ourselves to new and strange 
 surroundings. The ship for the time is to 
 us, what the sea-shell is to the delicate crea- 
 ture within. The measured thud of the 
 engine suggests the pulsation of my own 
 heart, while the incessant dash of the waves, 
 has come to have a sound so soothing that 
 it would be greatly missed were it to cease. 
 
 "On each First-day we have held a relig- 
 ious meeting with our fellow-passengers and 
 such of the officers as inclined to attend. — 
 The captain thanked us." 
 
 The Journal continues the narrative: 
 " Eighth Mo. 14th. — 1 committed to mem- 
 ory the hymn of John Newton beginning: 
 
 ' What think you of Chri.st? i.s tlic test 
 To try hf)th your Htatc and yourHcheme; 
 
 You cannot be rij;ht in the rest 
 Unless you think rightly of Him.' 
 
 ( 135 )
 
 " Received much spiritual refreshment in 
 my state-room. In presenting the loved 
 ones at home before the Throne of Grace, 
 there was granted a secret sense of access, 
 and the assurance that they were under the 
 Lord's tender, loving care. 
 
 " Finished reading a ' Flying Trip Around 
 the World,' by Elizabeth Bisland, and then 
 took up Green's 'Short History of the Eng- 
 lish People' enjoying greatly his vivid 
 style and his vivid pictures of men and 
 things. 
 
 " 1 8th. — Went with the missionary into 
 the steerage, where he has his own quarters, 
 to see a sick Jap who has had several hem- 
 orrhages — very weak but sweetly resting 
 in the ' Everlasting Arms.' 1 memorized 
 the tender hymn of Charles Wesley: 
 
 ' Oh for a heart to praise my God.' 
 
 " 2oth. — Our eyes were rejoiced to see the 
 white cliffs and bold outline of Niphon, 
 veiled by a blue haze; all manner of strange 
 craft, the sampan, the junk, the stately 
 vessels of foreign nations presenting a va- 
 ried scene. 
 
 " On landing in Yokohama George Braith- 
 waite called on us, bringing the startling 
 tidings concerning our friends Inazo and 
 Mary Nitobe. Instead of meeting them 
 shortly, we learn that owing to the doctor's 
 advice they sailed for the United States ten 
 days ago. 
 
 'George Braithwaite took us to the Bible 
 House with which he is connected — a large 
 
 ( 13G )
 
 well arranged building containing many 
 thousands of the sacred volume in various 
 forms and languages, the printing and bind- 
 ing all excellently done in Japan, many 
 colporteurs engaged in distribution. George 
 Braithwaite having kindly urged we should 
 make our home with him, the luggage was 
 transferred to his house. A trip of ten days 
 into the interior, was arranged for, and with 
 an interpreter, Mizuno, as guide we took train 
 for Kamakura; calling pleasantly on Dr. 
 Whitney and his wife, nee Caroline Braith- 
 waite, at their summer house overlooking 
 the Bay. With them we walked along the 
 shore and through the village to a famous 
 shrine near by where stands the 'Dai- 
 Butsu' surrounded by groves and gardens 
 and hideous effigies of the ' God of Strength.' 
 
 "At these the poor people throw bits of 
 paper softened with spittle, and if they stick 
 fast, the prayer is supposed to be answered; 
 the figures were thus spotted with paper- 
 balls from head to foot. 
 
 "The Dai-Butsu is of bronze cast in sec- 
 tions, and is said to be the third erected at 
 this spot, the present image dating about 
 1300 A. 1). It is nearly fifty feet high and 
 represents Buddha in his ecstatic sleep the 
 'Nirvana.' Several pilgrims were coming 
 and going, but they, as well as the priests, 
 had little seeming reverence in their devo- 
 tions. 
 
 "25th, Karuizawa. — Here a conference of 
 missionaries from different fields and of 
 various denominations is about to be held 
 
 10 ( 137 )
 
 for mutual edification and social intercourse. 
 This aflfords a very favorable opening for 
 just what I have desired; we were finally 
 deposited at the cottage of W. T. Austin, a 
 clergyman of the Church of England (who is 
 in charge of the Seamen's Mission at Yoko- 
 hama). Here we had been assigned our 
 quarters and were soon made to feel at home, 
 with himself, his wife and five little ones. 
 
 "This proved to be the second day of the 
 Conference, and we wended our way to the 
 simple meeting place on the outskirts of the 
 village, finding fifty of the laborers of both 
 sexes, including two ladies from China (stay- 
 ing at the same house as ourselves). 
 
 "After the singing of one or more hymns, 
 and a prayer. Dr. Hepburn made an address. 
 He is now in his seventy-eighth year and 
 had come among the first missionaries to 
 Japan, on finishing his medical course at our 
 University of Pennsylvania. After the 
 change of heart, which as a young man he 
 experienced, at every important movement 
 since that time he had earnestly sought the 
 Divine Guidance, and the Lord had fulfilled 
 his promises in many remarkable ways, so 
 he could still trust Him to the very end. 
 He has prepared a very valuable English 
 and Japanese Dictionary and made excellent 
 translations of parts of the Bible, while 
 giving careful instruction to young students 
 and attending to a large practice as a physi- 
 cian. His wife was asked to give some of 
 her experiences in missionary house-keeping. 
 This she did, in the same simple and sensible 
 
 (138)
 
 way, beginning with their first home here 
 in a dilapidated temple. Some good advice 
 she gave to the young wives who were pre- 
 sent, saying it was far better for them to 
 devote their energies to seeing that their 
 husbands were cared for and their children 
 properly trained, than to endeavor to do 
 what belonged to those who had no fami- 
 lies." 
 
 "The session of the Conference were occu- 
 pied with addresses by different men — 'Per- 
 sonal Consecration;' the Holy Spirit in 
 Relation to Service,' 'Constraining Love;' 
 'The Unchanging Christ;' and other kin- 
 dred subjects were handled in an edifying 
 way. 
 
 " 27th. — B. Chappell, the vice-president of 
 the Conference, having seated us by him on 
 the platform, introduced us and our mission 
 in these parts, saying that he felt sure 'we 
 might welcome these brethren as coming 
 from a branch of the Church of Christ, which 
 had hitherto not been represented in these 
 gatherings. And while they might differ 
 in some respects from most other Christian 
 bodies, as to modes of worship, and upon 
 some other points, there was nothing in 
 their views of (}ospel Truth that ought to 
 hinder us from giving them' ' the right hand 
 of fellowship.' 
 
 "He desired that we might conduct the 
 present meeting as would be most agreeable to 
 our own feelings, and he knew enough of our 
 ways to say, that 'it would be acceptable 
 to us, if there might now be a time of solemn 
 
 ( 139)
 
 silence for secret prayer and meditation.' 
 When he ceased speaking we were favored 
 with a sweet solemnity, which was broken 
 by my reviving the words of our Lord's 
 Prayer for his disciples, ' I in them and 
 Thou in Me, that they may be one in Us, 
 that the world may believe that Thou hast 
 sent Me.' The ground of the oneness thus 
 so tenderly prayed for, is manifestly the 
 close union which must subsist between 
 every living member of Christ's Church and 
 its holy Head. These, though they may 
 honestly differ regarding certain points of 
 doctrine and practice, rejoice to know that 
 "one is their Master, even Christ and in Him 
 all they are brethren.' 
 
 " My heart had, therefore, been made glad 
 to fmd the freedom and cordiality with 
 which the laborers from different fields of 
 mission work in these uttermost parts of the 
 earth, had come together just as they had 
 done, in a strictly undenominational way 
 for mutual comfort and edification. 1 could 
 but accept it as a token for good, and I be- 
 lieved the nearer we drew to our blessed 
 Lord, the more precious things we should 
 find we have in common. ' For Christ is 
 not divided.' Nor is God the author of 
 confusion, but of peace, as in all the churches 
 of the saints. Especially is it important 
 that in presenting the truths of the Gospel 
 to a people just emerging from idolatrous 
 superstitions, this should be done, not only 
 with great simplicity, but that the difference 
 which unhappily exist among the professors 
 
 ( 140)
 
 of the Christian name, should not be allowed 
 to stumble them by those asperities and 
 unfounded prejudices which weaken our 
 own hands, and so often have hurt the cause 
 of Christ. As very helpful in thus drawing 
 us into greater unity of heart and purpose, 
 1 believed we should find it a most important 
 aid, to accept in a very practical way, what 
 the Lord Jesus has said concerning the 
 'Comforter,' whom He also calls the 'Spirit 
 of Truth,' which, when He left his disciples. 
 He told them would be sent in His name, to 
 'guide them into all the Truth,' to receive 
 of the things of Christ and to show them to 
 His faithful followers. The lessons thus 
 learned at His hands, we may be assured will 
 not tend to divide the Church, but to build 
 it up in harmonious views, and lead to a 
 closer walking with the Master. We shall 
 be instructed in the deeper things of the 
 Kingdom, as we are wilhng to accept like 
 little children the teachings that will be 
 thus given us, as fast as we are able to bear 
 them. In this connection, 1 endeavored to 
 bring out the views of Friends, regarding 
 Divine worship, prayer and the ministry, 
 especially commending to my hearers the 
 value of reverential stillness before the Lord, 
 as preparing the worshipper to enter the 
 presence of the Most lligli, calling to mind 
 nis own injunctions, through one of the 
 prophets, ' lie still and know that I am 
 Goa.' Again, ' Keep silence before me 
 Oh Islands, and let the people renew their 
 strength; let them draw near,' then hear 
 
 ( 141 )
 
 what 'God the Lord shall say unto them/ 
 reminding them also that 'the preparation 
 of the heart,' as well as the 'answer of the 
 tongue is of the Lord.' Our sympathies 
 with them in the weighty but excellent ser- 
 vice to which as ambassadors for Christ 
 they and we had felt ourselves called, were 
 also expressed, with the desire that in all 
 our efforts to promote His cause, we may 
 ever bear in mind his own emphatic words, 
 'without Me ye can do nothing.' As we 
 seek Him for grace and wisdom and strength 
 sufficient for the service, these will not be 
 withheld. We shall be each fitted for our 
 part in the work of our day, and He will 
 crown our labors with His blessing. 
 
 "My dear companion followed in an ex- 
 hortation to live so near the Lord, that we 
 may ourselves be continually growing in 
 Grace, and in the knowledge of our blessed 
 Redeemer and His ways. Then he suppli- 
 cated that the Divine blessing might rest 
 upon those who had devoted themselves 
 to the spreading of the Gospel in these lands, 
 and that their labors, under the anointing 
 of the Holy Spirit, might be the means of 
 turning many from darkness to the light 
 and blessedness of the Gospel. A solemn 
 stillness again covered us. 
 
 " Benjamin Chappell made a few remarks 
 commending what had been delivered this 
 morning, which he felt had been to our 
 edification and comfort, and after the sing- 
 ing of a hymn, the company was dismissed. 
 This opportunity tended greatly to the 
 
 ( 142)
 
 relief of my mind, and we were both made 
 tiiankful, under a sense of the help gracious- 
 ly granted us in speaking a word for our 
 Lord and Master. 
 
 "The brethren also showed much openness 
 as we parted. 
 
 " 30th. — We found Nikko to be a spot of 
 wonderful beauty, the town very ancient, 
 situated in a mountain pass through which 
 flows the river Diagora, in rapids and cas- 
 cades supplying open conduits in almost 
 every street.^ 1 1 is approached by an avenue 
 of grand cryptomerias, which extends at 
 least twenty miles and is said to have been 
 planted at least two hundred years ago by 
 a wealthy Daimio. One hundred and a hun- 
 dred and fifty feet high, the trunks are 
 straight and bare of branches to one-third 
 of this, when the boughs sweep gracefully 
 downward. Nikko is noted for its temples, 
 and is consequently the resort of pilgrims, 
 who flock hither by thousands. 
 
 "Ninth Month 3rd, 1892. — After lunch we 
 took a'Kago' (pronounced Kilngo), being 
 a box, not long enough to stretch one's self 
 in, with a heavy pole running lengthwise 
 through the roof; each required three por- 
 ters, and with a seventh to carry our luggage, 
 we clambered up the mountain steep. 
 Sometimes the way was so rough, and the 
 elevation of the feet above the head so 
 great that, if only for comfort sake we were 
 fain tf) relieve our bearers of their load. At 
 length nestling among the mountain-tops, 
 beside a peaceful I.ike with luji-San her- 
 
 ( 143 )
 
 self towering above the surrounding peaks, 
 we found the Httle town of Hakone. Our 
 coolies dropt us at the 'Hafuya Hotel.' 
 We left our shoes at the entrance, and slip- 
 ping, as good travelers should, into straw 
 sandals that were handed us, we were shown 
 two roomy apartments in the second-story. 
 Thrown together by sliding partitions, and 
 opening upon the lake, they give a fair view 
 of Fuji-San, when her face is not veiled in 
 clouds. At night-fall the water was lighted 
 up with quite a pretty effect, by many 
 lanterns on 'prayer-floats,' set out at dif- 
 ferent points by boats, and then left to 
 drift with the wind. In the evening Dr. 
 Imbrie, to whom we had a note of introduc- 
 tion, called pleasantly. He is a leading 
 clergyman connected with the Presbyterian 
 Mission work at Tokyo. We were glad to 
 learn that the several branches of the Pres- 
 byterians in England, the United States 
 and Japan, had agreed that it was for the 
 best interests of this country, that these 
 branches should be here united, and they 
 are now known as the 'Church of Christ in 
 Japan.' 
 
 " At 3 p. M. in Brother Fisher's house, there 
 came together fourteen missionaries beside 
 ten Eurasian girls, ( a class only too large 
 in Japan). 1 read the fourth of Ephesians, 
 and then dear Jonathan offered an impres- 
 sive prayer. I spoke with much liberty of 
 the blessedness of having any service as an 
 'ambassador for Christ.' Then J. in tender 
 and encouraging words addressed the Chris- 
 
 ( 144 )
 
 tian wives and mothers, reminding tiiem 
 that the gifts of the Holy Spirit are bestowed 
 alike upon either sex, for the edification of the 
 church and the winning of souls to Christ. 
 
 "8th. — Returned to Kamakura, 1 again 
 met Anna Setterland and Albertina Peter- 
 sen, the Swedish sisters who with several 
 more of their 'Free Mission' workers intend 
 to settle at different points along this coast. 
 
 " Caroline B. Whitney and 1 had a pleasant 
 stroll with little Bevan, through the busy 
 hamlets. 1 much enjoyed the quiet com- 
 panionship of this excellent woman, whose 
 strong good sense, religious experience and 
 Christian graces, impress me. As a wife, 
 mother and 'Friend,' she fills a most val- 
 uable place in her home and the community 
 here. An interesting young Japanese re- 
 turned with Dr. Whitney this evening; he 
 has just completed a tour as an agent for 
 the Scripture Union,' going one thousand 
 miles in ninety days, much of the distance 
 on foot, sometimes pelted with stones by 
 the people; but in many respects he feels 
 encouraged. His travelling expenses only 
 are paid. 
 
 "On our road to Mito, Dr. Whitney dealt 
 out many a leaflet and larger tract among 
 the station masters and ft'llow-passengers 
 on the train, or threw ihcni from the win- 
 dows among the people. 'Twas interesting 
 to watch the eagerness with which young 
 and old, ran after the flving missives, and 
 to see them earnestly scanning the contents. 
 
 "Among the company at our meeting at 
 
 ( 14.5)
 
 Mito, was a young man who is a teacher in 
 the government school here, who felt strong- 
 ly opposed to Christianity on various 
 grounds, and had never before attended a 
 meeting of Christians. When it was over 
 he expressed himself well pleased with what 
 he had heard, and said he would come again 
 this afternoon. 
 
 " 19th. — We started for Tsushiura, about 
 thirty miles to the south east of Mito. With 
 two sinewy coolies to each jinrikisha, 'tan- 
 dem fashion,' we made excellent time, while 
 the over-cast sky and cooler air rendered 
 travelling quite comfortable. The road was 
 thickly set with hamlets and smaller towns. 
 Ishioka, one of the latter about midway of 
 the journey, being quite a thrifty little place, 
 where various industries were being carried 
 on, and numerous shops supplied the wares 
 for town and country folk. Indeed it was 
 most interesting as we trotted along to peep 
 into the open houses throughout the whole 
 route, where the industrious inmates were 
 plying their tasks: now a family of basket- 
 makers, then a silk winding household; 
 others weaving or spinning with their simple 
 machinery, while occasionally the clink of 
 a smithy was to be heard, or a cooper ham- 
 mering at his staves, the whole road was 
 alive with pedestrians, often heavily laden, 
 or leading their little horses with loads of 
 all sorts, sometimes so enveloping them that 
 head and feet only were visible, and like 
 walking hay-stacks, or piles of wood, they 
 moved along. At our destination a meeting 
 
 ( 146)
 
 for the public had been called, the room was 
 filled, and then the doorway and windows 
 crowded with eager faces. Our young 
 Friend Mayama offered a short prayer and 
 after a time of silence I referred to the 
 teachings contained in the 'Sermon on the 
 Mount,' and remarked that though there 
 are many religions in the world, yet 1 knew 
 of none that taught such good things as the 
 religion of the Lord Jesus. It is good, not 
 only for the people in America, but those 
 in Japan, and indeed for all the world. 
 'Now do not you see,' 1 asked, 'that if 
 men and women did but believe and follow 
 this religion, they would no longer try to 
 cheat and deceive one another in their deal- 
 ings; when a man made a promise he would 
 keep it. He could neither lie nor steal. 
 When he is wronged by another, he will 
 forgive that man, mstead of returning evil 
 for evil. Men and women would not lead 
 low unchaste lives, but be pure and virtuous; 
 quarrels and fights between men would cease 
 and nations would no longer need great war- 
 ships and forts and armies, because there 
 would be no more war. I was sorry to have 
 to say that many who call themselves 
 Christians do not live as though they be- 
 lieved in what they profess. They do many 
 things which the religion of Jesus forbids, 
 so they cannot be rightly callecl his disciples. 
 It is not such Christianity as this that we 
 want your people to believe in, but we hope 
 that those who hear us to-night will think 
 a great deal about these things, and if you 
 
 ( 147 )
 
 want to know more about what the blessed 
 Saviour did and taught when He was on 
 earth, you will find it in the Bible which our 
 good friend Dr. Whitney would help you 
 to get for yourselves. As a knowledge of 
 this holy book spreads among your people, 
 we hope that Japan will be filled with real 
 Christians, for that would be one of the best 
 things that could happen to your country.' 
 
 ''Dr. Whitney followed in an earnest appeal 
 to the hearts and consciences of his hearers. 
 Close attention was paid throughout by 
 most of the company, and after many had 
 left the house, a number of bright-faced 
 young men, gathered in our corner in the 
 hope we might have something to say 
 especially to them. My dear companion 
 was soon given a brief message which seemed 
 suited to their case, while the doctor and I 
 had also something to offer for their counsel 
 and encouragement. On returning to our 
 hotel, rugs were spread on the floor of the 
 upper room, mosquito bars had been stretch- 
 ed about them, and though the 'priest 
 pillows' were about six inches across by 
 twelve inches long, and mounted upon 
 little wooden stools, we passed a fairly 
 comfortable night. 
 
 "In our walk we passed companies of 
 convicts from the jail chained two and two, 
 and hauling with little push-carts gravel 
 from the river shoals for mending the streets. 
 They were well clothed and looked well fed, 
 and though officers with swords gave them 
 their orders, there seemed no severity in 
 
 ( 148)
 
 their treatment. We passed near the castle 
 of an old Daimio of Sendai which is among 
 the objects of historical interest. Near this 
 is his tomb, and on either side the graves of 
 twelve of his samurai, who slew themselves 
 at his death, as an act of love and devotion. 
 "Ninth Month 26th, 1892. — Having ac- 
 ceded to the request of the Faculty to meet 
 the students at the Presbyterian College, I 
 spoke to them upon the advantages ofl'ered 
 by such an Institution as theirs, both from 
 an intellectual and a religious standpoint. I 
 trusted they would clearly see that neither 
 their own highest interests, nor those of 
 their country will be met by the mere train- 
 ing of the intellect, and the acquisition of 
 scientific knowledge; but that the heart, as 
 well as the head, needs to be brought into 
 harmony with the Divine government. 
 In my own country, where the great mass 
 of the people had received a fair degree of 
 education, this alone was found insufficient 
 to prevent a vast amount of vice and crime. 
 Our jails were by no means filled with the 
 sensual and the ignorant, but large numbers 
 of young men who had used their fine talents 
 and liberal education for base purposes, 
 were to be f(jund among the prisoners. In- 
 stead of filling places of trust and usefulness, 
 they had been early wrecked, as to reputa- 
 tion and happiness. I hrough a lack of 
 high jirincipU- to govern their actions, they 
 had fallen beneath the temptations that 
 assail the young and unwary. In studying 
 the history of other nations, 1 trusted they 
 
 ( 149 )
 
 would be convinced that true national 
 strength and greatness does not consist in 
 the completeness of military or naval power 
 which may be developed by them, but in 
 the wisdom of the rulers, and the virtue of 
 the people. The more there are of God- 
 fearing men and women in a country, the 
 more that country will be blessed and pros- 
 pered. Their influence will be felt in the 
 various departments of business, and in the 
 social relations of life. They will impart an 
 elevated tone to the whole community, and 
 exercise a controlling power over the govern- 
 ment. This is the element which we believe 
 will grow stronger and stronger in Japan, 
 if the pure teachings of the Gospel come to 
 be accepted and followed. 
 
 ToKio, Ninth Month 28th. 
 
 " Paid an interesting visit to Dr. Whitney's 
 hospital, founded in memory of his mother, 
 with funds which had been originally given 
 by her friends for erecting a monument. 
 The buildings are small, but well adapted 
 to the number of patients, which could 
 scarcely exceed twenty. Dr. Whitney visits 
 it daily, but a resident Japanese physician, 
 a skilful and experienced practitioner and 
 withal a devoted Christian, is the superin- 
 tendent. 
 
 " First-day. We all attended the Friends' 
 Meeting in a substantial plain structure of 
 frame capable of seating one hundred and 
 fifty. Many pupils came from the girls' 
 school which is within the same enclosure, 
 
 ( 150)
 
 M. Kuno spoke of the strangers who had 
 come from abroad to visit them, and after 
 a time of silence dear Isaac Sharp arose and 
 in short pointed sentences was favored to 
 set clearly before his hearers some of the 
 simple truths of the Gospel, Medzumo inter- 
 preting. A man offered prayer, and then I 
 spoke. At our Bible reading this morning 
 1 felt called to supplicate on behalf of our 
 friend I. Sharp, in view of the extensive 
 service for his Divine Master yet before him 
 in China and other distant lands. 
 
 "To our astonishment who should appear 
 to-day but Inazo Nitobe, who had spent one 
 week in Philadelphia and hastened back to 
 Japan. With M. A. Gundry we passed 
 through the school building and the house 
 occupied by J. Cosand and his wife, all of 
 which are judiciously planned, the premises 
 well located with a fine outlook over the 
 bay, as well as the adjoining country. 
 After dinner and a rest, we saw the pupils 
 together, their ages ranging from ten to 
 eighteen, and many of them have good and 
 pleasing faces. The evening passed quickly 
 in reading some of the shorter poems of our 
 beloved poet, J. G. Whittier, the tidings of 
 whose death had just reached us. 
 
 "Tenth Month, 12th. — Lunching at a 
 tea-house, we visited a home for earthquake 
 orphans, where some forty children were 
 employed in making lanterns, the materials 
 chiefly bamboo and paper, at which some of 
 the little girls were working most deftly. 
 Each had her part, and in another building 
 
 ( 101 )
 
 old men and women were preparing the 
 bamboo splints for the frame-work. From 
 the sale of the goods a large part of the 
 expvenses of the establishment are defrayed. 
 Another building was devoted to the em- 
 broidery of kerchiefs, mostly of silk, the 
 work upon which is exceedingly neat and 
 pretty. For this also there is good demand, 
 both in Japan and the United States. The 
 girls by close industry, can earn six 'sen' 
 worth a day, and three 'sen' would pay 
 for a day's fair supply of food; indeed, we 
 have heard of a man and his wife who sub- 
 sist upon two 'sen' worth a day between 
 them. Many, if not most of the girls at the 
 Ogaki 'Employment House' have been res- 
 cued from a life of shame, for which their 
 parents or relatives would have sold them, 
 with little compunction. Others were ut- 
 terly friendless, but for the kind Christians 
 who have thus cared for them. They have 
 now learned a trade, whereby a fairly remun- 
 erative and honest living can be earned, 
 and some have become Christians. Besides 
 the employment provided for the young and 
 able, the aged, sick or crippled survivors 
 of the earthquake are being cared for. . . 
 In Kyoto, a lady teacher from the Doshisha 
 Girls' School, called to ask if we would 
 address their students in the morning, and 
 a member of the Y. M. C. A. connected with 
 the government school, came with a similar 
 request on behalf of the Association. I did 
 not feel willing to decline either, and ar- 
 ranged for to-morrow. 
 
 ( 152)
 
 "Next morning we were at the girls' 
 school, and after their Scripture reading, 
 and hymn most sweetly sung, I spoke briefly 
 to the young women concerning the hand 
 of their Heavenly Father, who we might 
 well believe had brought them hither. We 
 now went to the 'Doshisha' Boys' College. 
 Here are substantial and commodious build- 
 ings for the scientific and theological depart- 
 ment, together with a chapel and dormi- 
 tories. The whole is enclosed in about 
 thirty acres and is the development of the 
 Institution originally founded by J. Neisima, 
 a native Christian, whose life and character 
 were marked by singular purity and integ- 
 rity of purpose. The collegiate course is 
 four years. The total number of boys is 
 five hundred and sixty-five, and of girls 
 sixty-five, the nurses' training school and 
 hospital being on the same grounds. 
 
 "Kyoto has been called 'the Rome of 
 Buddhism ;' here are many temples and 
 groves in good repair. In one of the gor- 
 geous buildings, I observed a pf)()r woman 
 with a pack on her back and a boy by her 
 side, and she knelt for a long time, and when 
 her supplications were ended, the boy ten- 
 derly tfK)k her hand, .ind as they descended 
 the steps, 1 marked her weeping but sifjjht- 
 less eyes. May not God accept the petitions 
 of such a one, physically and spiritually 
 blinded though she be? 
 
 "At one of the temples are figures in 
 stone of one thousand goddesses, leading 
 to an image of one of ilicir deities. The 
 
 11 ( 1.5.1 )
 
 god of Healing is approached reverently 
 by ailing people, who rub his body and then 
 themselves several times. 
 
 "The teachings of Buddhism are distinctly 
 atheistic, there being nothing higher than 
 Buddha, who is the highest type of human- 
 ity, a condition to which all may attain by 
 pure and noble culture. Its doctrine regard- 
 mg creation is materialistic and requires 
 neither a first Great Cause nor a Supreme 
 Ruler. As a consequence the intelligent 
 Japanese, losing faith in the mummeries of 
 the priests, find it easy to accept the views 
 of the English and German sceptics and are 
 eager for their writings 
 
 "Tenth Month 27th. — Taking a large 
 steamer we crossed from the island of 
 Niphon to the fine harbor of Hakodate and 
 were soon at Sapporo in Inazo Nitobe's 
 modest home, comfortable, compared with 
 the dwellings we have grown accustomed to 
 in Japan. He went with us to the Agricul- 
 tural College connected with two hundred 
 and fifty acres of fertile land. A number 
 of improved farm implements have been 
 procured, together with seeds and live stock 
 from England and the United States. The 
 students have plots assigned them for 
 experiments with new seeds, tree culture, 
 and the use of fertilizers. The crop of 
 Indian corn has been good this season, and 
 winter wheat looks well, while grass is still 
 growing luxuriantly. Indeed it is manifest 
 in all directions, that the soil and climate 
 of the 'Hokkaido' are well adapted to grass, 
 
 (154)
 
 thus pointing to the raising of cattle and 
 dairy products. 
 
 "At the museum we were accompanied 
 by Kintaro Oshima; there is a valuable 
 collection of Ainu clothing, manufactures, 
 and implements, which it is well to have 
 preserved, since this aboriginal race is fast 
 wasting away under intoxicating drinks 
 and the debasing habits which follow. 
 Among the methods for the development of 
 the Hokkaido have been the establishment 
 of military colonies, whereby five acres of 
 land and a house with seed and implements, 
 are allotted free of cost to men with families, 
 on condition that they serve in the army 
 for a part of each year. Arrived at Ichi- 
 kishiri we walked to the prison, a series of 
 low buildings made of hewn logs. The cells 
 hold from four to eight prisoners; the worst 
 penalty is solitary confinement with reduced 
 rations. All the convicts here have been 
 sentenced for twelve years or for life. They 
 number in all twenty-six hundred, half of 
 whom are in the coal mines, the remainder 
 are employed in various handicrafts. 
 
 "31st. — On the train the Viconte Eno- 
 motto asked to be introduced to us as com- 
 ing from the United States; he has been 
 Admiral and is now Privy-councillor to the 
 Emperor, a man of great ability and intelli- 
 gence, and we journeyed together for some 
 days most agreeably and profitably. 
 
 "Returnee! to Sapporo, we were invited 
 to meet a company of sixty young men, 
 cind the occasion was a favored one; several 
 
 ( i.w)
 
 being slow to part with us. One wished 
 me to advise him what books he should read, 
 and of course the Best of Books was put 
 first, with some suggestions as to methods 
 for private reading. Another said he had 
 been very much impressed with my explana- 
 tion of silent worship, for the possibility of 
 this was a new thought to him. A third, 
 who seemed unwilling to go when the last 
 of his companions had bade us farewell, in 
 a broken voice said: ' I want to be a Chris- 
 tian, but will you not tell me how I can 
 stick?' 1 tried to reassure his faltering 
 faith in the unfailing Friend and Helper of 
 the helpless; the virtue and power to be 
 found in fervent prayer and the experiences 
 of the Lord's children in their times of need. 
 
 "ToKio. Eleventh Month 6th. 
 
 "With C. B. Whitney and her little Bevan, 
 who wondered if he might take Samuel 
 Morris's hand, we walked to the Friends' 
 Meeting-house; here gathered the usual 
 company, but among them were cousins 
 Mary Morris and dear Mary M. Haines lately 
 arrived. The former had for us a communi- 
 cation, and 1 thought her words carried 
 unction. It was hard to keep my eyes from 
 the latter, so closely associated is she with 
 our own home life, while the purpose of 
 her coming to take part in the mission 
 school, the struggle it has cost her to leave 
 her loved ones, and for them to give her up, 
 only strengthens the affection that has long 
 united us. 
 
 ( 156)
 
 " 1 1th. — At the Bible House assorting our 
 books for distribution, by mail or otherwise; 
 Admiral Enomotto receiving a copy of 
 'Brief Biography of Wm. Penn' and the 
 Philadelphia 'Address on War' with a kindly 
 note." 
 
 A voyage of five days brought our travel- 
 lers to Hong-Kong, in China, and here a week 
 or more had to be passed in waiting for the 
 steamer to Australia. The occupation of 
 the city by the British since 1842, gives it a 
 handsome appearance among the fine resi- 
 dences and broad winding avenues; — "the 
 contrast, however, is most striking as com- 
 pared with the dingy, dirty, narrow streets 
 of the Chinese quarters, and the wretched 
 homes, if such they can be called-, where 
 the natives eke out their existence. Two 
 thousand British troops stationed here, the 
 great cannon yawning with open mouths, 
 made us recall the method by which Hong- 
 Kong came into the hands of the stranger; 
 the cruel purpose of the war, and the untold 
 evil whicn tne introduction of opium had 
 entailed upon the teeming millions of China. 
 By superior force all this had been brought 
 about, and by might rather than right can 
 the ill-gotten gain now be held. As we 
 passed along we were grieved to see women 
 employed as we had seldom seen in Japan. 
 At one point, staggering under loads of 
 building-material slung on poles, was a 
 train that came and went wearilv, but with 
 a patient acceptance of their lot that was 
 most touching. 
 
 ( 157 )
 
 "Eleventh Mo. 21, 1892. — From our mis- 
 sionary friends at the Victoria Hotel, where 
 we lodged, we learned of a Union meeting, 
 and were welcomed by Pastor Bonfield. 
 The dear Master did help us to set forth the 
 nature of the Christian's high calling. Ac- 
 companying our newly found friend, we 
 called at the Alice 'Memorial Hospital,' 
 founded in 1887 in loving memory of Alice, 
 wife of Dr. Hakai. Here, without distinc- 
 tion as to race or religion, the sick belonging to 
 the poorer classes of Hong-Kong are treated 
 and medicines dispensed free of charge. Dr. 
 Thomson who is at the head of the medical 
 staff, is also in the mission service. Eighty 
 cases are generally in the wards. Evangel- 
 istic efforts and professional work here pro- 
 ceed side by side. We next visited the Uov- 
 ernment School, where seven hundred and 
 fifty boys of various races work very kindly 
 together, the Chineseoutstripping the others ; 
 many of the teachers are also Chinese. 
 
 "Eleventh Month 28th. — Took an even- 
 ing steamer for Canton, and arrived there in 
 the morning, selecting ' Ah Cum, Jr.,' as 
 guide. We followed his suggestion for a 
 short ride in chairs, with three bearers each. 
 The population of this city is two million; 
 the streets six to ten feet wide, the houses 
 several stories high, made the throngs dense 
 and noisy. The silk-weavers, the workers 
 in carved ivory, the painters on rice paper, 
 we saw in their little shops, but not a woman 
 was thus employed. We were now taken 
 to Examination Hall, where students are 
 
 ( 168 )
 
 tested; upon obtaining three degrees they 
 are sent to Pekin, where they may become 
 Mandarins. We saw ten thousand Httle 
 cells, and here eight thousand students come 
 annually to pass the ordeal, for three days 
 and nights, patroled by police. After visit- 
 ing the prison, we could but contrast the 
 lamentable condition in the treatment of 
 criminals, with the humane system of Japan, 
 and the almost complete abolition of the 
 death penalty which it so wisely enacted. 
 
 "We found another phase of Canton life 
 in the two hundred thousand River Folk. 
 Whole generations are born, live and die in 
 the curious floating houses with which the 
 river teems. There being no railroads to 
 connect the larger towns, the freight is 
 mainly carried in boats; as the housekeeping 
 on these junks is limited, the mother and her 
 girls take the heavy end of the laboring oar, 
 they become thorough adepts in navigation; 
 it is astonishing to watch one of these water- 
 mothers, springing nimbly through her boat, 
 seizing an oar or hoisting a sail, while the 
 little one strapped to her back, sleeps on as 
 if rocked to slumber. As evening closed 
 about us, we could watch the boat-man and 
 his family crew, by the cheerful fire gathering 
 around the rice bowl, nor were they long in 
 emptying it; the curtains dropjx'cl about 
 the caboose, the joss-sticks devoutly lighted 
 in the stern, and the weary parents and 
 their little ones sleep, I can well believe, 
 more comfortably than many a household 
 on the foul and crowded shore." 
 
 ( 159 )
 
 The voyage southward proved a rough 
 one; the FhiHppines, Celebes and other im- 
 portant islands were passed, and the balmy 
 airs, fragrant with spices, were refreshing. 
 
 At Macao a Roman Catholic Bishop with 
 three priests came on board bound for Timor, 
 a ten days' voyage. Referring to them the 
 Journal continues: "1 trust that our Pro- 
 testantism will not suffer by any lack of a 
 Christian spirit. At their destination they 
 were met by a hearty welcome by the 'Sis- 
 ters of Mercy' and their pupils, who, kneel- 
 ing about the bishop, and kissing his hand 
 reverently and joyfully, led him within. So 
 far as we can learn he seems justly beloved 
 by his flock, and as we glanced through the 
 gateway and marked the good kind faces of 
 the 'Sisters,' the neatly dressed and bright, 
 happy girls around them, it was evident 
 that the work of 'the church' has told for 
 good among these benighted Malays. 
 
 "Australia, Twelfth Month 11th, 1892. 
 
 At Port Darwin, thegovernment physician, 
 after inspecting the health of the ship's com- 
 pany, kindly proposed that Jonathan and I 
 should accompany him to the jail. On the 
 way we passed several squads of the natives, 
 exceedingly tall and black, with bad faces, 
 the men wearing a short skirt, the women a 
 little longer one, while the children went 
 utterly unclothed; they cultivate nothing, 
 live a roving life, their only shelter being a 
 rude booth which in the rainy season they 
 make by bending together boughs of trees 
 
 ( 160)
 
 and covering with a few leaves; their food is 
 game, snakes, roots and berries, beside what 
 they can get by thieving, and there is no 
 doubt as to their cannibahsm. A band of 
 Jesuits has undertaken to do what it can for 
 this miserable race, and these laudable efforts 
 are meeting with some success. The only 
 idea of religion of these blacks seems to be 
 of the lowest and vilest character. In the 
 jail we were shown eight of them under ar- 
 rest for a recent cold-blooded murder of six 
 men; they were all in heavy irons. Mines 
 of gold, copper and tin are the most profita- 
 ble resources of Port Darwin; mother-of- 
 pearl, too, had been gathered last year, 
 amounting to four tons, each valued at 
 i6o£." Leaving this northern point our 
 travellers followed the eastern coast of the 
 continent, sailing, among the dangerous 
 coral reefs off Queensland. 
 
 "Twelfth Month i8th, 1892.— First-day on 
 shipboard was held with the captain and 
 most of his officers, again it seemed to us the 
 dear Master had been near to help us, and 1 
 inwardly blessed His holy Name. Arrived at 
 Rockhampton, we saw the limber of this 
 level country, in a sickly or dying condition 
 owing to the ravages of the white ant. This 
 town is prettily situated on cither side of 
 the Fitzroy River; corrugated iron for 
 roofs and even sides of buildings, gives a 
 cheerful air, and well-built roads and side- 
 walks set with trees, bespeak the thorough- 
 going habits of the |-".nglish race. 
 
 The actual nuinber of Friends here seems 
 
 ( 161 )
 
 few, but a number of attenders are impressed 
 with our views, and in their meeting this 
 evening, after our certificates were read, I 
 spoke upon the broad character of Gospel 
 love. Francis Hopkins and his brother 
 William are both in the book-selling and sta- 
 tionery business, busy at this holiday time, 
 but heartily desirous of helping us in every 
 way. Felicia Hopkins is a bright, genial, 
 earnest little woman, the mother of four 
 children, and yet full of good works for the 
 benefit of others. Withal she has written 
 well for the Ausiralian Friend. 
 
 "First-day and 'Christmas.' The day 
 was fair and not oppressively hot. In 
 the evening the frogs, whose stentorian 
 voices almost startled us, and crickets that 
 sing many times shriller than ours, were 
 making melody all around us; 1 could but 
 think of my own dear home on the other side 
 of the world, where mid-winter with its ice 
 and snow may be storming furiously. 
 
 "Twelfth Mo. 30th, 1892.— At Kalka. To- 
 ward eight o'clock a number of children and 
 several neighbors gathered. 1 illustrated 
 what 1 had to say about very young chil- 
 dren becoming disciples of the Lord Jesus, 
 bv a brief account of my dear little nephew, 
 'Perot,' his short, but lovely life! his minis- 
 try and the sweet savor that he left behind 
 him in the sorrowing home, from which he 
 was so early called away. 
 
 "On New Year's-day, the morning, with 
 an almost cloudless sky, betokened another 
 day of scorching heat, thermometer soon 
 
 ( 162)
 
 registering ninety-eight degrees, but there 
 is here an absence of moisture that made 
 the weather of Japan so hard to bear. 
 At Maryboro, a pleasant Httle town, we 
 sought the home of Matilda Barrimore, for 
 to visit her and her children we had come. 
 She scarely let us reach the gate of her neat 
 cottage, when she came with hands ex- 
 tended to give us welcome. Her husband's 
 death left her with four young children, and 
 on parting we trusted that our labors there 
 had 'not been in vain in the Lord.' Passing 
 Gympie, we found it a gold mining town, 
 and came upon a company of the Salvation 
 Army; a woman not young but full of earnest 
 zeal, set forth some excellent doctrines, to 
 which we could fully subscribe. Next we 
 found ourselves among wonderful trees, 
 vines and palms, such as we had met nowhere 
 else, the Orchid tribe in great variety, tree- 
 ferns, tree-grass and a parasite which clasped 
 the great Eucalyptus trunks and in a few 
 years destroyed them. 
 
 "Arrived at Woombye, we were met with 
 horses and saddles to carry us seven miles 
 farther to Buderum Mountain, the home of 
 Joseph Dixon; he owns upwards of two 
 thousand acres, but taxes make this bur- 
 densome; we saw coffee growing and banan- 
 as, also sugar-cane in different stages of 
 growth; the Kanakas were tilling it with 
 heavy hoes; the cane is planted from slips 
 and takes eighteen months to mature, when 
 it is ten feet high. We had a meeting with 
 some of the townspeople, who expressed 
 
 ( 163 )
 
 themselves well satisfied with what they 
 had heard, and some said it would be good 
 if they could often have meetings held in the 
 Friends' way; we also met with fifteen of the 
 Kanakas, and were glad to find that J. Dixon 
 collects them for religious instruction on 
 First-day, and they are taught reading at 
 other times making rapid progress." (These 
 laborers come from neighboring islands.) 
 
 " Namborn, First Month 10, 1893. 
 
 "Taking breakfast with the Mitchell 
 brothers and their wives, we had a refreshing 
 opportunity together, David especially im- 
 presses us as a very valuable man. Thor- 
 oughly convinced of the views of Friends, 
 and with the courage to maintain them, 
 fairly educated, with much good sense and 
 straightforwardness of purpose, we shall 
 look to his future course with no little inter- 
 est. Agnes, the wife of Marshall, is a bright, 
 capable woman, and withal of a tender spirit. 
 As 1 bade her farewell, she could only bury 
 her face in her hands to conceal the feelings 
 that were stirring within. So we left this 
 secluded spot in the ' Bush,' rejoicing that 
 the seed of the kingdom even here has fallen 
 on good ground, is ready to spring up and 
 we may trust will yet bring forth much pre- 
 cious fruit. 
 
 "In another town we had a call from a 
 man who, through intemperate habits, had 
 become a complete sot, and as a consequence 
 is much straightened in his circumstances. 
 Happily this downward course has been ef- 
 
 ( 164 )
 
 fectually arrested through the wonder-work- 
 ing power of Divine Grace, of which he re- 
 gards himself a striking monument. He is 
 frequently, as we understand, heard in the 
 meeting here in testimony to the love and 
 sparing mercy that have rescued him from 
 the pit. Thus having been much forgiven 
 he now 'loved much.' He may well rejoice, 
 though it be 'with trembling,' at his deliver- 
 ance from the cruel bondage under which he 
 long groaned, while the happiness of the wife 
 seems complete, as she moves about her 
 now peaceful habitation, or tends her pretty 
 flowers by the door, and at the 'bough 
 house,' where she has a fine collection of ferns 
 and orchids. 
 
 " Australia, First Month 23, 1893. 
 
 "One hundred miles on the Brisbane 
 Southern Railroad took us in a westerly 
 course, timber was often heavy, and we 
 caught glimpses of distant mountain ranges, 
 the soil brown and fertile, with luxuriant 
 crops of wheat, oranges, figs and grapes. 
 
 " rfX)Wfxjmba, a town of eighl thousand 
 inhabitants, has an altitude of two thousand 
 feet above the sea, and it is noted for its 
 healthfulncss. Cornelius Burtt, lidward 
 and Lmma Dann have interesting homes. 
 We had a long talk upon various topics; they 
 evidently desire to do what they can to 
 promote our principles in the world at large. 
 
 "Taking a coach, we were soon upon the 
 'Darling Downs,' which are vast prairies, 
 with sparsely scattered eucalyptus trees; 
 
 ( lO.'i )
 
 large tracts of these have been girdled, thus 
 giving a desolate aspect, but throughout 
 this drive of thirty-eight miles there were 
 continuous wire fences, enclosing 'stations;' 
 each contains thousands of acres, with a 
 homestead and outbuildings of the squatter, 
 while his flocks range at will. 
 
 "After running our team of three horses 
 under the unsparing lash of the driver's long 
 whip, the jaded beasts were turned into a 
 'paddock' of one hundred acres to refresh 
 themselves for the return trip ; the field was 
 scoured for recruits, and again we dashed 
 away amid lashing and shouting till my ears 
 ached and I felt almost sore myself from 
 sympathy with the poor brutes; the road be- 
 came very heavy and had we not all gotten 
 out, the coach would have probably been 
 swamped. 
 
 "At Domville we were made heartily wel- 
 come by good Henry and Deborah Walpole, 
 who are Irish Friends, not very long from the 
 mother country, and so completely isolated 
 from congenial society, social or religious, 
 that they fully appreciated the effort we had 
 made to reach them. In the desire to bene- 
 fit his neighbors, Henry Walpole has been 
 in the way of collecting them together on 
 First-days for some simple religious service, 
 and in view of our coming, had arranged for 
 a meeting this evening at the 'chapel.' 
 Hither came about five and twenty, several 
 of them young persons, who make no pro- 
 fession of religion. Henry Walpole read 
 impressively a chapter. J. E. Rhoads spoke 
 
 ( 166)
 
 excellently from the prophecy of Isaiah, 
 'Thou shalt call his Name Jesus, for He 
 shall save his people from their sins,' and I 
 from our Lord's declaration,' 1, if 1 be lifted 
 up from the earth, will draw all men unto 
 Me.' 
 
 "Second Month 2nd, 1893. — We find Syd- 
 ney a well built city with an air of age and 
 stability we had not met with thus far in 
 Australia. Many of the public buildings 
 and stores are large and architecturally 
 quite handsome. The streets thoughout 
 always broad, are clean and well-kept, many 
 of them being paved with blocks of gum- 
 wood, making a very smooth and solid sur- 
 face, while the footways are largely of flag- 
 ging or asphalt. They are thronged with 
 people and vehicles, busses and hansoms 
 being numerous, while a steam tram-way 
 runs through various sections, and steam 
 ferries connect the two sides of the bay. The 
 channels are deep, and vessels of heavy 
 draft find safe moorings at almost any point. 
 The population of the municipality is two 
 hundred and fifty tliousand, although in- 
 cluding the numerous suburbs it is broadly 
 stated at four hundred thousand. 
 
 "Our friend, William Cooper, met us at 
 the railroad station. He is manager for a 
 branch of (>adbury's Qjcoa Manufactory, 
 England, and with all the gentleness and 
 kindliness of his nature, a very capable man 
 of business. John Baker makes us most 
 free in his cutlery shop, where we assort and 
 disiriliiitr our books. We tfK)k tea wilh 
 
 ( 107 )
 
 Hannah Fowler, a dear old lady of eighty, 
 using a crutch, but full of good-will. Living 
 near the meeting-house, she expects the 
 young men of the adult school and their 
 teachers to dine with her on First-day, and 
 Friends generally to make themselves at 
 home at her cottage. At this school we 
 found about twenty men with open Bibles 
 before them, and their subject was the Lord's 
 Prayer, more especially the verse on 'daily 
 bread.' One young man urged with warmth 
 the claims of the poor upon the rich, his 
 thoughts manifestly running in the Socialis- 
 tic lines now rife in the Colonies, but William 
 Cooper wisely turned the current into more 
 profitable channels, and other speakers 
 showed they had a clearer perception of the 
 meaning of^ the prayer. This opened the 
 way for me to make some general remarks 
 on the reverent spirit in which we should 
 always approach the consideration of the 
 Holy Scripture, and especially the teachings 
 of our Lord. Having been invited to take 
 tea with Helen Neave, we took a small 
 steamer up the bay to Northwood. it is a 
 pretty, quiet spot, the house is small, em- 
 bowered in trees and shrubbery, and with a 
 fine outlook over parts of the city and bay. 
 It would have been a great pleasure to have 
 met Joseph James Neave, who is now on a 
 visit of gospel love to the Stundists of Rus- 
 sia. While laboring in a widely different 
 field from ourselves, there is good reason for 
 believing that he is under the eye and direc- 
 tion of the same blessed Master. Helen 
 
 (168)
 
 Neave showed us many interesting papers 
 in connection with her husband's engage- 
 ments in our Southern States, near the close 
 of the civil war, besides rehcs and curiosities 
 of various kinds. She and her daughter, 
 Nelhe, are especially fond of 'pets.' A 
 young horse and a cow in the paddock 
 seemed only used to caresses and kindness. 
 A tame magpie and sea gulls hopped about, 
 two Newfoundland dogs, a pretty cat and 
 canaries, a handsome cockatoo and a cage of 
 smaller birds completed the happy family. 
 
 "Australia, Second Month 9, 1893. 
 
 "We took a tram-car for Botany Bay. 
 The sewage of Sydney is principally deliv- 
 ered here, and across the inlet is a tract of 
 light soil where it is utilized, first by flood- 
 ing the land with the liquid portion, and then 
 treating it with the more solid part, as pre- 
 pared for the purpose in a drying and mixing 
 department. The result is that astonishing 
 crops are raised for the Sydney market, 
 while the rental from the land adds materi- 
 ally to the revenues of the city. 
 
 "Australia, Second Month 17, 1893. 
 
 "We took train for Granville to have 
 supper with 1. Cawcx)d and his wife, both 
 useful people; he was for ten years a soldier 
 in the British army, at one time in the 
 Crimean war, and later in service in India. 
 He supposes he has walked four thousand 
 miles auring their marches in India, and has 
 been in fierce engagements, but never re- 
 
 12 ( 169 )
 
 ceived a serious wound himself, and is thank- 
 ful to believe he never killed a man. Being 
 now heartily enlisted under the ' Prince of 
 Peace,' he uses very effectively his experi- 
 ences in the horrors of the battle-fiela for 
 condemning war in all its aspects. This 
 afternoon had been arranged for a little ex- 
 cursion for us, and the Friends and attend- 
 ers of the meeting generally had been invited 
 to join it. Forty of us entering the little 
 steamer Pacific toward 2.30 we pushed into 
 the harbor, and passed the Botanic Gardens, 
 the fort, the light-houses and the floating 
 powder magazines. In a cove under the 
 shelter of a projecting rock, the kettle was 
 slung, and a fire kindled for making the tea. 
 With some of the bright maidens of the party 
 we climbed up the rough hill-side where we 
 gathered crimson 'Christmas Bells,' also 
 several yellow and purple flowers that we had 
 not met before, and returned for the 'picnic' 
 on the boat. We had a refreshing interview 
 with dear Helena Creeth, who though young 
 in years, is endeavoring to bear patiently 
 andf faithfully her share of the burdens of the 
 church. Her time is largely occupied in a 
 trimming store, but she gives private lessons 
 in drawing and painting. Our words seemed 
 timelv and helpful, especially under the 
 weighty duties of an Overseer which have 
 been latterly laid upon her, but for which 
 she seems peculiarly fitted. 
 
 I 170 )
 
 "Australia, Secoud Month 27, 1893. 
 
 "At Sydney the parting time had now 
 come, and from the steamer we could only see 
 the fluttering signals of our friends on the 
 quay, then the beautiful city was left with 
 mingled feelings, as we recalled all that had 
 passed during our sojourn among the breth- 
 ren here, while we could but reverently be- 
 lieve that our poor labors would not go un- 
 blessed. 
 
 "With the morning light we were abreast 
 of the Tasmanian coast, which presents a 
 bold, bare, craggy front. The rocks are evi- 
 dently of volcanic origin, and we passed long 
 lines of almost perpendicular basaltic col- 
 umns, quite reminding one of the 'Giant's 
 Causeway.' Against many of these, the sea 
 broke wildly, and the whole scenery was 
 highly picturesque. Hobart is situated at 
 the end of a fine sweeping harbor, with deep 
 soundings throughout, has a population of 
 thirty thousand, and rises along the harbor, 
 first by a gentle slope, and then stretches 
 upon the hills that form the background, 
 while Mount Wellington, forty-two hundred 
 feet high, towers just beyond the lower 
 heights. Mawthorne hedges divide the 
 fields in the outskirts, and the road-sides are 
 set with briar roses, whose blossoms still 
 peep out from the hips that mark the r;irlier 
 summer-tiniL'. The people, their faces and 
 their very gait, are decidedly l",nglish. and 
 the whole place suggests a de.ir little town of 
 Cumberland f)r Yorkshire, with :ill ilsbclong- 
 
 ( 171 )
 
 ings, having been quietly dropped upon Tas- 
 mania. As we landed, T. and E. Mather in 
 their light carriage soon brought us to their 
 pretty home on one of the hill sides, their 
 brother Robert in a house adjoining, with 
 his genial wife and a large flock of chubby 
 children. 
 
 "Tasmania, Third Month 2nd, 1893. 
 
 "With Henry Pollard, we called at the 
 Boarding School under the care of Hobart 
 Friends, aided by those in England; sim- 
 plicity and good management characterized 
 the whole. Samuel Clemes is the Principal, 
 his wife Mary is the Matron as well as in- 
 structor of French and German, six teachers 
 and three assistants make the staff; the 
 number of pupils is one hundred and forty; 
 forty of whom are Friends, the boarders 
 are expected to attend the meetings with 
 their teachers. Co-education is a new 
 thing at Hobart but steadily gaining favor, 
 the older children gathered at our request 
 and we both addressed them at some length. 
 
 "Tasmania, Hobart, Third Month 7th, 1893. 
 
 "The Annual Meeting now began; Epis- 
 tles from Auckland and Melbourne were 
 read, the consideration of four Queries 
 followed, while our certificates met with 
 expressions of welcome. Alice Pierce re- 
 ferred to the injurious effects of the Naval 
 vessels that frequently come to Hobart, 
 and desired Friends might not be tempted 
 to visit the ships where the marines are 
 drilling, and so seem to countenance the 
 
 ( 172 )
 
 war system in any way. I followed in the 
 same direction, expressing the view that it 
 is the display, or what has been called the 
 'pomp and circumstance of war,' that is one 
 of the most active and powerful agencies in 
 carrying it on. If this shall lose its attrac- 
 tiveness for the community the interest which 
 is felt in military glory would in large meas- 
 ure cease, and horror would take the place 
 of admiration for those who are training for 
 deeds of blood, or the fearful machinery by 
 which warfare is carried. 
 
 "9th. — We called on John Henry, the 
 Colonial treasurer of Tasmania, who had 
 expressed a wish to meet with us. We found 
 him at his office, and evidently a man of 
 affairs. He seemed to have given much 
 attention to the course of events in the 
 United States, and to realize that the Aus- 
 tralian Colonies will do well to study our 
 system of government, and learn the secret 
 of its success. He asked us many questions, 
 which we endeavored to answer wisely, and 
 to let him see that we have, with all our 
 prosperity, sources of serious weakness which 
 we would have younger nations to guard 
 against. In the course of the interview, 
 
 the colonial secretary, Douglass, came 
 
 in, who seemed to he of a different tvpe from 
 the treasurer, and rather cynically inclined. 
 With a variety of thrusts at America and 
 American institutions, he sought to throw 
 us off r)ur guard, and to draw from us some 
 statement that we might afterward regret. 
 We hope however, that neither our country, 
 
 ( 17.3 )
 
 nor our profession suffered at our hands, 
 and we all parted pleasantly. 
 
 "At another session of the annual meeting 
 was urged the importance of a closer union 
 between Friends in Australasia, and their 
 foundation of a Yearly Meeting. In this 
 we encouraged them, and suggested a con- 
 ference of delegates. 
 
 "A social entertainment included the 
 Friends and the school in a trip up the 
 Derwent River; older and younger full of 
 enjoyment. 1 found a delightful companion 
 in Sarah, the daughter of George W. Walker, 
 who was so closely associated with James 
 Backhouse in his Gospel labors in these 
 Colonies and South Africa. 
 
 "Tasmania, Hobart, Third Month 13th, 1893. 
 
 "We went to the last sitting of the annual 
 meeting and I could not comfortably see it 
 close without addressing the sisters in regard 
 to a free indulgence in dress — the tyranny 
 which those are under, who follow the cap- 
 rices of fashion, and the liberty they enjoy 
 who adopt a simple garb and keep to it. 
 For their encouragement, 1 referred to some 
 of the dear missionary women we had met, 
 the simplicity of whose dress was so striking 
 that we could but ask for a reason. The 
 prompt explanation was that when they 
 gave their hearts to the Lord and His service, 
 they felt they must turn their backs on the 
 world." 
 
 15th. — A westward journey by steamer 
 
 ( 174 )
 
 and rail brought our travellers to a mining 
 town, Zeehan. Silver, lead, copper and gold 
 are profitable, "but business is depressed — 
 the first wild rush and wilder speculation 
 being over. We saw many black swans — 
 the emu is also found occasionally. Several 
 Friends gave a welcome. Sharp and severe 
 sciatica attacked me after sitting in an 
 open doorway, continuing some weeks and 
 involving medical treatment. 
 
 "Australia, Melbourne, Fourth Mo. 7th, 1893. 
 
 "This city lies near the Yarra River, 
 while on the north is a semi-circle of moun- 
 tains, the population is five hundred thous- 
 sand. Brick and stucco work are largely 
 used in building. As our steamer reached 
 the quay, it was very pleasant to be greeted 
 by Frank Marsh and shortly by William 
 Benson, at whose house we were kindly 
 invited to make our home. When the 
 Friends were gathered together, the reading 
 of our certificates gave satisfaction, some 
 speaking of them as indicative not only of 
 tne unity of the brethren with our prospects, 
 but their brotherly sympathy for those to 
 whom we had been sent. This was very 
 precious and comforting to Friends in these 
 isolated parts of the Society, and would 
 prove a fresh source of strength to them. 
 
 " By appointment we met William Closkcy 
 who was raised a Roman (Catholic, but 
 among other points questioned the doctrine 
 of transubstantiation, receiving no satisfac- 
 tory explanation from the priests, yet earn- 
 
 ( 175 )
 
 estly seeking for light, he told us the words 
 came to him clearly 'go to the Quakers!' 
 'Now,' said he, 'I bless the Lord that my 
 feet were turned to the Friends; 1 only wish 
 others could know what their principles 
 really are.' 
 
 "The children of the Melbourne Meeting 
 were gathered together to meet us; after a 
 simple entertainment and a Scripture read- 
 ing, 1 spoke in a familiar way on the early 
 history of Friends, the convincement of 
 William Penn, his dealings with the Indians, 
 his government, &c. 
 
 "At an informal gathering, a leading 
 subject was the re-organization of evening 
 companies for mutual edification; they 
 wished specially to learn what methods had 
 been helpful among Friends in Philadelphia, 
 and we were glad to give them information. 
 
 "Australia, Ballarat, Fifth Mo. 11th, 1893. 
 
 "Having visited most pleasantly our 
 members at Bendigo, we came to this town, 
 and met with J. Phillips — twenty-six years 
 ago, he with two others, put a notice in 
 the papers requesting any who were connect- 
 ed with Friends, to meet them at a given 
 time and place. This brought out a few 
 responses, and a meeting was formally 
 established. Other Friends moved here 
 and we find a good degree of spiritual vi- 
 tality. 
 
 "On our way to the 'Coffee Palace' we 
 called at the 'School of Mines' where is a 
 very fair collection of birds, animals and 
 
 ( 170 )
 
 reptiles, beside an extensive mineralogical 
 department. In the latter are a number of 
 casts of nuggets of gold found in the Vic- 
 torian mining district. One of these was 
 not less than eighteen inches long an average 
 of four inches thick and said to weigh twenty 
 two hundred ounces. A platypus, a vam- 
 pire, bones of the moa and various other 
 rare specimens were in the collection, but 
 the most unique was a large worm with a 
 growth like a bunch of fern-leaves four 
 inches long; this abnormal excrescence is 
 probably a fungus fastened upon the un- 
 fortunate worm. 
 
 "Australia, Adelaide, Fifth Mo. 19th, 1893. 
 
 "Called on Frederick Mackie, a dear old 
 servant of the Lord in his eighty-second 
 year; he had accompanied Robert Lindsay 
 on a religious visit to India, he had also gone 
 with Isaac Sharp to Norway; having long 
 been in the station of minister, and latterly 
 his wife Rachel is called to the same service; 
 we freauently made our home with them. 
 
 "24111. -The Queen's birthday here, as 
 in the home country; this is observed as a 
 
 f general holiday, and the sky being beautiful- 
 y bright. ;il! classes were abroad on fool or 
 on wlieels. 1 had been requested to say 
 something concerning our African Ameri- 
 cans and their present status in the United 
 States. So with the help of a few notes, I 
 was able to discourse an hour or more upon 
 the subject, and as it seemed, to the grati- 
 fication of mv hearers. 
 
 ( J77)
 
 "Australia, Mt. Barker, Sixth Mo. 3rd, 1893. 
 
 "Lucy Coleman met us and we stopped 
 with her at the rooms of a Temperance 
 'Coffee House' which was to be just opened 
 by the W. C. T. U. and as president she was 
 expected to be present. The ladies general- 
 ly were there, and we having been introduced 
 as Friends from the United States, I offered 
 some words of encouragement for the good 
 women, and in commendation of the excel- 
 lent work which the W. C. T. U. had accom- 
 plished in our country. Lucy Coleman at 
 the age of thirty-seven was deprived of her 
 husband and left with five children; taking 
 them to England for eight years, she had 
 them educated at Ackworth and then all 
 returned here. With rare energy and busi- 
 ness ability she moves about her home with 
 native dignity and ease, having a place of 
 influence in the whole community, a pro- 
 nounced Friend in her religious views, she 
 is the main stay of the little meeting. 
 
 "6th. — We travelled many miles to visit 
 an old man, who has been leading a rough 
 life among the gold diggings, he lived alone 
 in a log hut, with an earth floor, two stools, 
 and a bag of straw for a bed ; we had carried 
 some food with us, sharing it with him. As 
 the lonely man became assured of the 
 Christian sympathy that had brought us 
 thus far, his shyness wore somewhat off, 
 and way seemed better opened for leaving 
 with him words of comfort and encourage- 
 ment which he took kindly. He had passed 
 
 ( 178)
 
 as he told us, some twenty years in this 
 forlorn manner. 
 
 " We went to see a bee farm where twenty 
 tons of honey were sold last year, Eucalyptus 
 blossoms furnishing their food. We also 
 passed a German Colony where thirty-five 
 bushels of wheat to the acre were produced. 
 
 "Australia, Melbourne, Sixth Mo. 19th, 1893. 
 "At the meeting-house a large company 
 came together and I read a paper which had 
 been prepared not long since, m response to 
 a request from dear young Friends of our 
 own meeting, that 1 would speak to them 
 upon some of the distinguishing views of 
 Friends. Jonathan followed with fitting re- 
 marks upon the need for the illuminating 
 and quickening power of the Holy Spirit to 
 prepare us to accept and to hold in their 
 integrity, the various doctrines and testi- 
 monies of our Society. Once more brethren 
 and sisters of all classes, gathered about us 
 to take final leave, and wish us a happy 
 return to our distant homes, while we 
 joined others in the train for Tinnar. 
 
 "O.v Shipboaud, Seventh Month IhI, IS'.KJ. 
 "As we pass on to other lands, five days 
 at sea bring us to New Zealand. Arrived 
 at Duncdin, we find it with a population of 
 five thousand; the public buildings of fair 
 proportions, the town hall a handsome 
 edifice with a fine chiming clock that re- 
 minds me of '\V\^ lU-n' in the Parliament 
 P>uildings for which I've loved to listen in 
 far off London. The 'Octagon' is an open 
 
 ( 179)
 
 space where several thoroughfares converge; 
 here rises a statue of Robert Burns, one a 
 among many evidences of a strong Scotch 
 element that has always pervaded Dunedin, 
 and for a long while exercised a controlling 
 influence. Other members of the British 
 household are now coming to assert their 
 claims, and a large admixture of English, 
 Irish and Welsh is bringing a more whole- 
 some condition. Six inches of snow have 
 just fallen making the streets sloppy, but 
 S. Harlock came to meet us and soon put us 
 in touch with Friends generally; again we 
 have to admire and bless the guiding hand 
 of the 'Shepherd of Israel' Who has so often 
 made good to us His word when He putteth 
 'forth his sheep He goeth before them.' 
 
 "Edendale, N. Z., Seventh Month 11th, 1893. 
 
 "We came here to visit Alfred Quertier 
 and his wife who are both natives of Guern- 
 sey and have leased five hundred acres 
 near the top of a mountain, here he feeds 
 one thousand sheep and over fifty cattle; we 
 found his son plowing with a double fur- 
 rowed plow drawn by four horses; land is 
 rented in this neighborhood on five year 
 leases, at about fifteen shillings an acre, per 
 annum, by the 'New Zealand Land Company' 
 which is an English corporation holding 
 from thirty thousand to forty thousand 
 acres. The rabbits here, as in other parts, 
 have become a great pest, devouring the 
 root crops as well as winter sown wheat, 
 barking fruit trees, &c. Among the various 
 
 ( 180 )
 
 methods resorted to for checking their 
 increase, poisoning seems most effectual, 
 though traps are used. By law all farmers 
 at a given day are required to spread oats, 
 steeped in a solution of phosphorus, after 
 which date, none can be sold or used for 
 food, till the restriction is removed. A pair 
 will rear eleven litters annually. In some 
 parts wire fences are maintained at the 
 public expense, which are fairly effective in 
 restraining them within certain districts. 
 A. Quertier has a man engaged by the year 
 as a 'rabbiter', his sole business being to 
 make war on rabbits by every means in his 
 power. The skins have a small market 
 value, and factories are busily employed in 
 canning their meat for home consumption 
 and export. 
 
 "A meeting had been appointed for us 
 at the Presbyterian place of worship, here 
 came together eighty persons; 1 spoke upon 
 the wide difference between the purposes of 
 the enemy of souls and the blessed mission 
 of Him who came that men might ha\e life. 
 Jonathan followed in an earnest exhortation 
 to the unconverted, and the meeting closed 
 as it had been held, under a feeling of solem- 
 nity, which was a comfort to us. 
 
 " Christ Church, N. Z., Seventh Mo. 20, 1893. 
 
 "The River Avon runs through the whole 
 extent of this town, the banks planted with 
 varieties of the willow. I he names of the 
 streets and Parks are those of bishops and 
 other dignitaries in the mother country, 
 
 ( 181 )
 
 the population is forty thousand, and the 
 city is regarded as a center of culture and 
 refinement; at several points we had distant 
 views of the New Zealand Alps snow-covered 
 mountains with bold peaks suggestive of 
 Switzerland. Our friend Henry Wardell, 
 took us to see one of the sixteen meat curing 
 factories in New Zealand. Here we were 
 shown the freezing process, common air 
 being condensed under very heavy pressure, 
 then sudenly expanded, producing a tem- 
 perature oi zero; the whole carcasses 
 wrapped in muslin are kept in this for forty- 
 eight hours. One million five hundred thou- 
 sand were sent last year from New Zealand to 
 England. Our meeting with the Friends at 
 Christ Church tended to mutual profit. 
 
 " Wellington, N. Z., Eighth Mo. 2nd, 1893. 
 
 "A voyage of a day and a night brought 
 us to the North Island mountains, bare of 
 vegetation. On our right, the peaks sharp 
 and angular, the sides seamed with deep 
 gorges; their cavernous depths suggesting 
 extinct volcanoes. We called on Thomas 
 and Jane Mason living in a delightful spot, 
 luxuriant with rare trees and beautiful with 
 camellias, rhododendron, azaleas and other 
 flowering shrubs in full bloom. T. M. is an 
 enthusiastic horticulturist, and possessed of 
 much botanical knowledge. Being one of 
 the early colonists, he has been thrown 
 frequently among the Maoris, whom he re- 
 gards as a superior race, and deplores the 
 steady decrease in their numbers, through 
 
 ( 182 )
 
 the diseases and vices introduced by the 
 Whites. We called on two nurses from 
 Exeter, England, who as Friends seemed 
 heartily glad to see us; the hospital patients 
 number about three hundred, largely for 
 surgical treatment. Not far away is an 
 Institution for the Insane. A meeting with 
 the Primitive Methodists was a season of 
 favor. 
 
 " Palmerston, N. Z., Eighth Mo. 9th, 1893. 
 
 " From this place we traveled twelve 
 miles to visit Friends named Beale, Pudney 
 and Grey, the evening was passed pleasantly 
 in talking of the Maoris, (pronounced 
 Mowry), their habits, customs and history. 
 On the termination of the war between the 
 British troops and these aborigines in 1862, 
 resulting in the complete subjugation of the 
 latter, the Government of New Zealand 
 assigned land to the Maoris, and there seems 
 no disposition on the part of the Whites to 
 take it from them by fraud or force, in 
 illustration of their seif-respcct we were told 
 of a haughty young Ijiglishman fresh from 
 India, who expecting to find the servility to 
 which he had been there accustomed, re- 
 peated in New Zealand, undertook to treat 
 nis Maf)ri shearers as though they were 
 coolies. Whereupon, one of them thus 
 addressed him 'Look here my man, if you 
 talk to me in this style any longer, I'll dip 
 you with the next sheep,' and continued 
 our friend, 'he was big enough to do it.' It 
 appears that many of the Maoris are quite 
 
 ( 183 )
 
 wealthy, some J. Beale knew, who were the 
 owners of at least thirty thousand acres of 
 land, with large numbers of sheep. We 
 have seen many comfortable houses, well 
 painted and not distinguishable from those 
 of the Whites, all are well clad ; their children 
 join those of the white settlers in the public 
 schools of the districts in which they live, 
 and nearly all speak English readily. They 
 are represented in Parliament, by at least 
 four members, elected by the tribes, and the 
 Maori interests generally are committed to 
 an official who is a member of the Governor 
 General's Cabinet and styled the 'Native 
 Minister.' The women are anything but 
 attractive in feature or person; their faces 
 often disfigured by tattooing of the lips and 
 chin, which gave an ugly expression to the 
 whole face. They were tidily dressed, but 
 mostly very burly and coarse in figure; the 
 men often stout and lubberly, but with 
 intelligent faces. They all seemed much at 
 their ease, getting in and out of the train 
 with perfect nonchalance, and on meeting 
 one another, rubbed noses, as we would 
 shake hands. 
 
 "Auckland, N. Z. Eighth Month 22nd, 1893. 
 
 "The approach to this city is very pleas- 
 ing. The broad, capacious bay is broken by 
 several deep inlets and islands. The town 
 stretches along the water front, consisting 
 of a densely built section and several sub- 
 urbs; while back of these to the east rises a 
 line of hills, conspicuous among which is 
 
 ( 184)
 
 Mt, Eden, an extinct volcano. The popula- 
 tion is sixty thousand. By a 'Buss' we went 
 to Avondale, where live Thomas and Ann 
 Jackson, who we are truly glad to find have 
 removed from their former residence, nearly 
 one hundred miles to the north, in a most 
 secluded and rude spot, to a property of 
 about ten acres, with a very comfortable 
 dwelling and a fair prospect of making a 
 livelihood by the raising of fruit for the 
 Auckland market. We had so often met 
 with the photographs of these dear Friends, 
 and heard so much of themselves and their 
 virtues, that we needed no introduction, at 
 once realizing the preciousness of that 
 'Unity of the Spirit which is the bond of 
 peace,' among tnose who own and seek to 
 serve a common Master. One of the sons 
 and an only daughter complete the family 
 here, while four other sons are engaged in 
 felling timber in the neighborhood of 
 Gisborne. We walked ancl talked, and 
 heartily enjoyed the opportunitv for ex- 
 changing views with this excellent pair, 
 while sympathizing with them in their 
 exercise of spirit for the best welfare of the 
 Church in these parts. That by their re- 
 moval to the new home, these interests will 
 be greatly promoted, we cannot doubt, nor 
 that dear Ann Jackson will find within ensy 
 reach, a wide scrme for her loving heart and 
 devoted service for her i.ord. 
 
 13 { 186 )
 
 "Auckland, N. Z., Eighth Month 24th, 1893. 
 
 "William Brackenrigg, Secretary of the 
 Y. M. C. A. called to invite us to take such 
 part as we might feel drawn to do in a public 
 gathering which assembles on First-day 
 evenings in the Town Hall, under the aus- 
 pices of the Association. This is collected, 
 largely through the efforts of the members, 
 from a class who seldom attend any place 
 of worship, and some who are found wander- 
 ing aimlessly in the streets. Upon hearing 
 this explanation of our visitor, 1 at once 
 felt this to be just one of the openings for 
 public service, to which 1 have felt my mind 
 drawn, almost since setting foot in Auck- 
 land; and my dear companion sympathizing 
 with me in the matter, we acceded to the 
 request. 
 
 "Auckland, N. Z., Eighth Month 26th, 1893. 
 
 "Took tea with Alexander Russell and 
 his family. They joined Friends in England 
 by convincement, he has been appointed an 
 'Overseer,' acts as Librarian for the meeting 
 and may be justly described as one of the 
 willing m 'Israel.' His business is that of a 
 porter at the railroad station, and though 
 the calling may seem an humble one, his 
 integrity and faithfulness to his duties, have 
 evidently won the confidence of those with 
 whom he is brought in contact. He said 
 smilingly, that a few days ago a question of 
 veracity occurred among his comrades, when 
 one of them pointing to himself exclaimed, 
 'Oh! that man's a Quaker, you may trust 
 
 (186)
 
 him !' The son and daughter are thoughtful 
 sensible young persons and promising for 
 future usefulness. 
 
 "Auckland, N. Z., Eighth Month 27th, 1893. 
 
 First-day— "At the Friends' Adult Class 
 which met at half past nine, thirty-four per- 
 sons were present. At the opening a hymn 
 was sung, then a prayer offered. After which 
 a chapter in Acts was read verse about, and 
 comments made by different members of the 
 class upon what had especially impressed 
 their minds, most of these being marked 
 by a depth of thoughtfulness and discern- 
 ment. The meeting for worship began at 
 eleven o'clock, when the room was filled to 
 overflowing. At the evening gathering of 
 the Y. M. C. A. six hundred were present and 
 we felt some honest seekers were helped and 
 comforted. 
 
 "Auckland, N. Z., Eighth Month 28th, 1893. 
 
 "Having been invited to a meeting of 
 clergymen of various denominations, I felt 
 it best to accept. 1 alluded briefly to simi- 
 lar conferences among the missionaries in 
 Japan and the happy results which flowed 
 from them; then spoke of the prayer of our 
 Lord for His disciples being in measure an- 
 swered, 'that they all might be one, as Thou 
 Father art in Me, and I in Thee, that they 
 may be one in Us, that the world mav believe 
 that Thou hast sent Me.' On leaving the 
 room, the brethren rose, several warmly 
 shaking hands and wishing us 'God Speed.' 
 
 "Ninth Month 6th. — Making a visit to 
 
 (187)
 
 Friends in the 'Bush' (primeval forest), we 
 found J. Wilkins in the orchard he planted 
 twenty-five years ago, he had a bundle of 
 cuttings in his hand for grafting, but he is 
 suffering from insect pests. Some of the 
 Kouri pine trees are one hundred and fifty 
 feet high and fifteen feet through; the 'mati' 
 is another pine that takes a polish like 
 mahogany. The wild flax of New Zealand 
 grows in all parts and its fibre makes excel- 
 lent ropes. We found J. Wilkin's wife a 
 motherly woman with a large family of her 
 own, and caring for two motherless little 
 ones belonging to 'Claude' the hired man; 
 both he and his wife had been reared by her, 
 and he was now filling almost the place of a 
 son to these well-tried friends. 
 
 "Auckland, N. Z., Ninth Month 8th, 1893. 
 
 '"A farewell social' was held for us at the 
 meeting-house, and after a simple collation, 
 we both had some exhortation tending to 
 stir up the pure in mind in our hearers, they 
 seemed loth to part with us, feeling that 
 in all probability it would be the last time 
 on this side the 'Better Country.' To me 
 the occasion was a precious and peaceful 
 closing of our labors in these Colonies, and 
 my heart was melted in thanksgiving and 
 praise. 
 
 " Steam Ship Mariposa, Ninth Month 13th, 1893. 
 
 "Samoa is in sight. Bold mountains are 
 covered to their tops with dense verdure; on 
 the shores are large plantations of bananas. 
 
 ( 188 )
 
 In the little town of Apia are two or more 
 church edifices, the homes of the inhabitants 
 embowered in tall palms; boats manned by 
 half-clothed men, boys and girls, freighted 
 with shells, fans and baskets, carry on 
 a lively traffic with our passengers. We 
 bought charming pink coral, exceedingly 
 frail. Going to inquire as to the loud shouts 
 and laughter that came from the stern, I 
 found a squad of Islanders in the waves, 
 splashing and diving after money tossed to 
 tnem from above. 'Twas said they would 
 bring a coin from the bottom when failing 
 to catch it on the way. A pretty and merry 
 group they were, while I could but mark the 
 good features and fine physique of their race. 
 In the evening Robert Louis Stevenson, 
 widely known as a writer and residing at 
 Samoa for his health, came on shipboard as 
 a passenger. A few days after, at an even- 
 ing entertainment, he read aloud from one 
 of his own books a graphic description of a 
 storm in these regions; I followed with a 
 recitation of Longfellow's 'Arsenal at Spring- 
 field.' On First-day Jonathan and I had 
 religious service both with the first-class 
 passengers and the steerage. A gentleman 
 from Sydney I found to be very intelligent 
 in conversation as to the right of conscience 
 and that true liberty which there is in the 
 Gospel. 'Your people,' he said, 'have done 
 a great work for the world.' He had read 
 'F^arclay's Apology,' and of it he said,' 'twas 
 the hardest nut I ever had to crack, and I 
 regard it as one of the strongest theological 
 
 ( 189)
 
 works that has been written since the days 
 of the Apostles. Barclay strikes right and 
 left at all the errors in Church or State, and 
 in that book are to be found the germs of the 
 best religious thought of the present day.' 
 As I listened wonderingly, I could but ask 
 myself, how is it there are to be found so 
 many, among the very people who were 
 gathered by the teachings of Barclay and 
 his fellow-laborers, who to-day are calling 
 in question the soundness of their position, 
 and ready to abandon it for systems of 
 faith and practice based upon a lower stand- 
 ard? Before retiring I had some satisfac- 
 tory talk with an honest-faced man in the 
 steerage who had been at our little deck 
 service in the p. m. I sometimes found a 
 cabin-boy reading our Bible, but he said he 
 had not opened one for eight years. 1 intend 
 to get one for him on landing. 
 
 " Honolulu, Ninth Month 20th, 1893. 
 
 "We met Martha Chamberlain to whom, 
 with others engaged in the mission field here, 
 we had a note of introduction from our 
 dear friends J. and H. Bean. E. G. Beck- 
 with, pastor of the Congregational Church 
 said they were truly glad of our coming; we 
 called on L. B. Coan, the widow of that 
 devoted and honored missionary, Titus Coan. 
 She has a sweet chastened spirit, numbers 
 her blessings and still devotes herself to 
 Christian work. 
 
 "Ninth Month 22nd. — We also visited Pas- 
 tor Damon, a leader in the mission for the 
 
 ( 190)
 
 Chinese here, who number fifteen thousand. 
 He represents the present state of affairs in 
 Hawaii as unsettled; the deposed Queen 
 still resides in Honolulu and has a numerous 
 following among the natives, who affiliate 
 with the lowest class of foreigners. The 
 Provisional Government, on the other hand, 
 he represents as having at its head some of 
 the best men in the community, and that 
 they are sustained by the better class of 
 citizens of all nationalities, including the 
 missionaries who are united in the view that, 
 under existing circumstances, a change is 
 demanded and that a return to monarchy 
 would be both unwise and disastrous to the 
 best interests of the people. 
 
 " 1 was grieved to learn here of the decease, 
 since we left home, of that devoted friend 
 of the Negro and the Indian, General Arm- 
 strong, a loss to the whole world. His 
 parents were among the early Hawaiian 
 missionaries; his sister is the wife of E. C. 
 Beckwith, and she has shown me several 
 letters referring to his last illness. As a boy 
 he was educated here at Oahu College, its 
 system has always been co-educational and 
 its excellence he transmitted to Hampton 
 Institute for Colored Youth in Virginia. 
 
 "We visited the Kamchameha School 
 ior boys, established by a native lady of 
 rank, who married a wealthy American 
 named Bishop; it was well endowed; the 
 school buildings, dormitories and teachers' 
 residences are all in a gf)od style of architec- 
 ture. Besides a thorough f-^nglish educa- 
 
 ( 191 )
 
 tion, various trades are taught, occupying a 
 course of five years; a similar school for 
 girls is being designed by the Trustees of the 
 Bishop estate. Only Hawaiians or those 
 of the mixed races are admitted; the whole 
 number of boys is one hundred and fifty- 
 six. Alice Haviland Thomson, a Friend 
 from New York, welcomed us warmly; her 
 husband being principal of the Industrial 
 Department. 
 
 " Paia, Island op Matji, Ninth Month 27th, 1893. 
 
 "On the road hither we halted at Spreck- 
 elsville, the center of Claus Spreckel's sugar 
 plantation. Here are large grinding mills 
 and works for preparing the sugar for export. 
 Thus a little town of probably three thous- 
 and inhabitants has sprung up of various 
 nationalities, but largely Chinese, Japs and 
 Portuguese, who tend the growing cane, or 
 work in the mills at the grinding season; 
 their cabins look uncomfortably small, the 
 plantations on this island cover five thous- 
 and acres and the crop yields fourteen 
 thousand tons of sugar in a semi-refined 
 condition. C. Spreckel's is represented as 
 a keen business man, sixty-five years of age, 
 by birth German, but living at 'Frisco, who 
 looks sharply to his own interests and has 
 until recently exercised almost a controlling 
 influence in the affairs of Hawaii. In the 
 present disturbed conditions, he ranges 
 himself on the side of the deposed Queen, 
 and as a consequence disfavors the Provis- 
 sional Government and its efforts to obtain 
 
 ( 192 )
 
 the protection of the United States. Two 
 sons are connected with him in business 
 and are said to possess much of their father's 
 shrewdness and energy. 
 
 "Jonathan walked three miles to see Amos 
 Jones, whom we had met in California, he 
 seems an honest-hearted and worthy old 
 Friend. Jonathan returned on a mare of A. 
 Jones's, who having a colt at home, only 
 needed to be relieved of the rider in order 
 to trot back to her master. H. B., wish- 
 ing to hear something more of our views 
 regarding 'the sacraments,' 1 endeavored to 
 place them in a clear light, and she seemed 
 quite able to grasp these, though still ham- 
 pered with what is claimed as e.xpress com- 
 mands on the part of the Saviour. The 
 question regarding the perpetuity of the 
 rites, was one which had not occurred to her 
 mind. Jonathan having in his satchel, copies 
 of Barclay's Propositions regarding Baptism 
 and Communion, we were glad to present 
 them to her. 
 
 "Honolulu, Tenth Muntli 1 Uli, ISIW. 
 
 "We went to a meeting of Portuguese 
 Protestants, who have suffered in various 
 ways from the Roman Catholics. When 
 livmg in Madeira, the priests had burned 
 their Bibles, but they seemed in a tender 
 forgiving spirit, and m this they desired to 
 be kept. Thus the work of the Lord goes 
 on in unlfX)ked for placts, nnd through 
 agencies and methods which lie is manifest- 
 ly blessing. Their place of worship was a 
 
 ( 193 )
 
 plain, neat edifice built mainly through the 
 aid of the Central Union Church. The 
 pastor an earnest, solid-looking man, from 
 the Azores, desired that we might deliver 
 any message we might have for his people, 
 and he would gladly interpret; availing 
 ourselves of this kindness, we both had 
 some words of encouragement and comfort 
 to offer. The company who numbered 
 about seventy-five, gathered about us at the 
 close, thanking us for the help our words 
 had brought them, many were women with 
 little ones beside them, or in their arms. 
 " We passed a night-blooming Cereus, eight 
 thousand flowers in bloom at one time, 
 where it clambered over the wall in wild 
 profusion. An ostrich farm also interested 
 us, here were thirty large birds with ten 
 young ones two weeks old, about the size 
 of a small hen, but with ostrich legs; the 
 farmer said the whole setting had hatched; 
 and that the old birds were careful parents 
 when undisturbed, sitting by turns very 
 faithfully on their nest, which is little more 
 than a large hole scratched in the sand. 
 
 " Island of Oahu, Tenth Month 16th, 1893. 
 
 "We went by train to Ewa, a plantation, 
 to visit Duncan Murdock, a young Friend 
 from Glasgow, and whose father I had met 
 in Scotland. The surrounding region is 
 highly fertile, especially Pearl Qty; experi- 
 ments are being made on Sea Island, cotton, 
 the plants looked admirably; coffee of a very 
 
 ( 194 )
 
 superior grade is being raised to good ad- 
 vantage. 
 
 " Honolulu, Tenth Month 10th, 1893. 
 
 "Having felt a little Gospel burden for 
 the pupils and teachers of the Giris' Kawai- 
 ahao Seminary, I joined them in their 
 morning service at the opening of the school. 
 The good order and loving Christian spirit 
 that seemed to pervade the Institution, were 
 exceedingly gratifying, and I found relief 
 in endeavoring to strengthen the faith of 
 the young women in the Truths of Chris- 
 tianity, and the blessedness of the life into 
 which they would be led, as these are hearti- 
 ly embraced. 1 sought also to hold up the 
 hands of their teachers in the discharge of 
 the duties they have assumed, and to assure 
 them of the reward that will be theirs as 
 these are faithfully fulfilled. M. Chamber- 
 lain had now called to take mc to the 
 'Lunalilo' Home for aged Aborigines. This 
 has been founded by Kin^ Lunalilo, and is 
 designed as a retreat for mfirm old people 
 of either sex. The buildings are well 
 located near the foot of the mountain range, 
 are handsomely built, and judiciously fitted 
 for the purpose. About tnirty-fivc forlorn 
 old bodies, are thus very kiiull)' caretl for, 
 who would otherwise, probably, lead li\'es of 
 wretchedness. The Institution is admira- 
 bly managed by a widowed sister of M. 
 Chamberlain. 
 
 ( 195)
 
 "On Shipboard, Tenth Month 11th, 1893. 
 
 "We laid in a stock of Hawaiian photo- 
 graphs and finished needed arrangements 
 for our departure, several of our newly 
 found friends came to say a last farewell 
 and give us their best wishes. We soon 
 encountered rough seas, which told upon 
 the ship's company generally, ourselves 
 included. A week's voyage brought us to 
 the Golden Gate. My faithful companion 
 being anxious to reach his home as soon as 
 might be, it seemed needful for him to take 
 the earliest train East, while I inclined to 
 remain a few days longer in these parts, 
 feeling that some little service for me at 
 Santa Clara was yet unaccomplished; thus 
 we, who had been so helpfully united in our 
 lengthened labors, and travel by land and 
 sea, parted in near love and unity, to go 
 once more our separate ways. 
 
 " San Jose, Cala., Tenth Month 22nd, 1893. 
 
 " In the home of our dear friends Joel and 
 Hannah Bean, a welcome awaited me; a 
 tribute of thanksgiving, praise and prayer 
 I felt called to offer, after the morning meal, 
 which brought me relief and peace. Our 
 First-day meeting numbered sixty persons, 
 and felt to me a refreshing season. 
 
 " Chicago, Tenth Month 27th, 1893. 
 
 "The great World's Fair being still in 
 
 Erogress, by spending a day here, I might 
 ave obtained a glimpse of the astonishing 
 display, the fame of which had reached us 
 
 { 196)
 
 across the Pacific, and drawn hither many 
 from the distant lands we had just visited. 
 The sights' I now most longed to see, were 
 my own sweet home, near a thousand miles 
 away, and the loved ones there. Weighed 
 against the wonders of the 'great show,' 
 the latter faded into insignificance; so with 
 a light and happy heart, I took the Chicago 
 limited express of the Pennsylvania R. R., 
 for Philadelphia. The very name of the 
 train sounded sweetly familiar. Within 
 five minutes of schedule time, we entered 
 Broad Street Station. Some eyes were 
 again dimmed, as we met the happy group 
 on the same spot, where we parted so long 
 ago, but these were tears of gratitude and 
 joy, and we soon reached the home, that, in 
 all the world, (of which I had now seen so 
 much) seemed dearer than ever in my eyes. 
 
 " Olney, Eleventh Month, 1893. 
 
 "As the memory of the past is brought 
 vividly before me, 1 can but recall the suc- 
 cessive steps, through which 1 reverently 
 believe, the Lord has led me to this very day. 
 
 " It was about the twelfth year of my age, 
 when a clear sight was given me thai, if 
 faithful to my lleavenly Father, 1 should 
 have a service to do for Him, not only in 
 various parts of my own country, but also 
 in fnr distant lands. In the latter was very 
 distinctly included, the mission in Gospel 
 love, to Great Britain and parts of the 
 F.uropean Continent; also a like service in 
 Australia ftlicn called 'New Holland'), and 
 
 ( 107 )
 
 some of the islands of the Pacific, more 
 especially the Sandwich islands, now known 
 as the 'Hawaiian Group.' 
 
 "Would that no sad memories must, at 
 this late day, recall a period when, through 
 a wayward and rebellious course, I followed 
 persistently my own devices. The Light, 
 which for a time had flooded my pathway, 
 was withdrawn, and 1 left to grope in a depth 
 of spiritual darkness and unbelief, which 
 to this day is remembered only with horror. 
 Yet such was the long-suffering love of my 
 Heavenly Father that, before reaching 
 manhood, I had been snatched from the pit 
 toward which I was hastening; my feet were 
 plucked out of the miry clay and set once 
 more upon 'the Rock of Ages,' while a new 
 song was henceforth put into my mouth,^ 
 even praise unto our God. A full surrender 
 of will and life to the Divine disposal, which 
 was then made, has been far more than 
 compensated, by a cup overflowing with 
 temporal blessings, and the consciousness 
 of a Guiding Hand, that has led me about 
 and instructed me, from youth to old age. 
 Well may 1 now exalt His holy Name, and 
 commend to others a love so Divine, a 
 Fatherly care so tender, a faithfulness that 
 never fails His dependent children. 
 
 "In the years that followed the happy 
 consecration above referred to, the choice 
 of an occupation — the selection of a home — 
 the gift of a loving, wise and true help-meet, 
 whose precious companionship is still grant- 
 ed me — the affectionate, dutiful children, 
 
 ( 108)
 
 whom the Lord has given and yet spares us 
 in our decHning years. My call to the min- 
 istry, together with the many important 
 duties that have fallen to my portion in the 
 church and community, are all an abundant 
 fulfillment of the promise given in very 
 childhood, that, if I did but just 'seek first 
 the kingdom of God and His righteousness, 
 all things needful would be added.' Al- 
 though varied and more or less extended 
 religious services on the American Continent, 
 had from time to time, called me abroad, the 
 prospect, so early presented, of Gospel 
 labors across the seas, was frequently and 
 strongly pressing upon me. Yet the right 
 time for entering upon them, was quite 
 hidden from my view. When, however, 
 this had fully come, no doubt upon that 
 point, clouded the outlook, and to my 
 grateful admiration, every difficulty that 
 prudence might suggest, or the enemy of all 
 good invent, vanished, 1 knew not now or 
 where. Thus in childlike faith, the exten- 
 sive service beyond the Atlantic was engaged 
 in. A series of favoring circumstances and 
 singular openings, marked the needful pre- 
 parations tor the work, and indeed its whole 
 liistory. These I dare not refer to as mere 
 happy coincidences, or anything less than 
 the guiding and helping hand of the best 
 of Masters. With my dear friend. Thomas 
 P. Cope wh(; j(jined me heartiiv in the service 
 and proved a most faithful and efficient 
 yoke-fellow, it was completed in 1890, and 
 
 ( 189)
 
 from this we returned in safety, with the 
 sheaves of peace in our bosoms. 
 
 "Time, as I now felt, was rapidly passing 
 with me, and although still favored with no 
 common share of health and vigor, it was 
 evident that, in the course of nature, these 
 must soon be failing, and as the burden grew 
 more heavy, hindering things seemed to 
 multiply. Especially was 1 exercised as to 
 a suitable companion in the work. Whilst 
 pondering upon this with some anxiety, I 
 received a letter from Jonathan E. Rhoads 
 of Wilmington, Delaware, under date of 
 Eleventh Month 24th, 1891, on this wise: — 
 
 "Dear Friend: — 
 
 " 1 have long had an apprehension of a 
 call to religious service along the Pacific 
 Coast of our country, and in lands beyond 
 the great ocean. This prospect has always 
 been associated with thee, as having a con- 
 cern in the same direction. It now appears 
 to be nearly the time when the undertaking, 
 if entered upon, should be attempted. It 
 may seem presumptuous to thee, for me to 
 propose such a thing, and if I am altogether 
 mistaken, it would relieve me to know what 
 thy views are in respect to so important an 
 undertaking — not doubting that if thou 
 hast such work to do, thou hast had a clear 
 sight of it ere now.' 
 
 "As 1 laid down the letter 1 could only 
 marvel at the unseen finger that was mani- 
 festly pointing the way, and confirming the 
 view that the time for taking the first step, 
 
 ( 200)
 
 in the service had come, so that I could 
 simply say 'good is the word of the Lord!' 
 In this conviction it is to be observed that, 
 thus far, 1 had refrained from naming to any 
 one, even my beloved wife, the burden 
 which had long been carried in secret. 
 Although Jon. h. Rhoads and I had been 
 occasionally associated in the affairs of our 
 religious Society, and I had formed a high 
 appreciation of his worth, we were seldom 
 thrown together socially, and never had been 
 intimate, so that his perception of my call, 
 as so nearly co-incident with his own, was 
 at least remarkable. The receipt of the 
 foregoing, led to an early interview, wherein 
 1 explained that the work to which I felt 
 drawn, embraced a visit in the love of the 
 Gospel to Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand 
 and the Hawaiian Islands, while more or 
 less religious service in the Empire of Japan 
 was also included. On the other hand, I 
 felt that no special call to labor in those 
 parts of our own country bordering on the 
 Pacific had been laid upon me. I his latter 
 was evidently resting much on Jonathan's 
 mind, but while Japan had not been included 
 in his prospect, he felt more than a willing- 
 ness to accompany me hither and take such 
 part as might fall to his portion. SulTice 
 It to say, that, under a deep sense of the 
 weighty nature of the commission which we 
 reverently believed had been given us, yet 
 in the faith that the blessed Head of the 
 Church, as our eyes were kept single to Him 
 would Himself open the way and lead to its 
 completion, we forthwith proceeded to 
 
 14 ( 201 )
 
 inform our near relatives and the meetings 
 to which we belonged, receiving their warm 
 sympathy and encouragement. Through 
 the liberality and aid of various brethren, 
 the financial provision needful for the under- 
 taking was promptly made, and every other 
 care from which they could relieve us, was 
 sweetly shared or borne. 
 
 "The unanimity with which we were set 
 at liberty by the Yearly Meeting of Ministers 
 and Elders, was very striking, so that we 
 left our homes with the unity and prayers 
 of the Church, and the tender sympathy of 
 our friends." 
 
 "The foregoing Diary tells its own story, 
 how my fellow-laborer in the work wrought 
 lovingly and in near unity of spirit with me 
 from first to last; how we were watched over 
 and cared for by the best of Guides, through 
 all the perils by land and sea to which we 
 were exposed; how, as utter strangers in 
 strange lands, hearts and homes were opened 
 to receive us, wherever our steps were turned ; 
 how we were enabled to meet wisely many 
 unlooked for emergencies, and how mouth 
 and wisdom, tongue and utterance were 
 graciously granted, in proclaiming among 
 the Isles afar off, the unsearchable riches of 
 Christ, yet none the less strengthened, as I 
 trust, faithfully to set forth His rightful 
 claim upon the hearts and wills and lives 
 of men. 
 
 "As I write, there are brought freshly to 
 mind the laborers in the mission fields of 
 
 { 202)
 
 Japan, China and the Hawaiian Islands, 
 with whom it was our privilege to mingle, 
 often sweetly uniting us in that broad Chris- 
 tian fellowship wherein is realized the mean- 
 ing of our Lord's declaration, 'One is your 
 Master, even Christ, and all ye are brethren.' 
 We could not but be impressed with the 
 deep piety and self-renunciation which 
 marked the lives of many of these devoted 
 men and women, cut off as they are from 
 association with any large body of their 
 fellow-believers, but because of this isolation, 
 drawn the more frequently to seek for the 
 strength and wisdom, that can 'come only 
 from above.' 
 
 "Then the meetings among our own 
 people, dotted here and there along the 
 coasts of Australia or New Zealand, brought 
 us into near sympathy with their members, 
 beset as they are with grave difficulties and 
 dangers, but struggling to uphold the prin- 
 ciples of 'Quakerism' under condition^ Ihat 
 were often very discouraging. Especially do 
 my thoughts revert to homes, reached only 
 by long and wearisome- journeys, where a 
 little family or single individual had been 
 hidden away for years in 'the Bush.' or 
 on some secluded ' Ranch,' occasionally 
 hearing from the friends in the far away 
 mother-country, and still more seldom 
 meeting with their fellow-members in re- 
 ligious profession. The distance that p;irli'd 
 us from our own homes, as well as the lead- 
 ing purpose which had brought us to their 
 do<jrs, seemed readily to open the hearts 
 of these lonely ones, nringing back it might 
 
 ( 203 )
 
 be, cherished memories, unsealing fountains 
 of feeling, that had well nigh dried. The 
 heartiness with which we were thus wel- 
 comed and the refreshing seasons together 
 with which we were often favored, made 
 some of these visits especially relieving and 
 grateful to us. 
 
 "The results of labors, so extended and 
 varied, we may gladly leave in the hands 
 of the Heavenly Husbandman, for we know 
 'that the seed often sown in weakness. He 
 can raise in power, to the praise of His own 
 great Name.' And now from a broad 
 retrospect of this evening offering, my soul 
 is bound in reverential gratitude, to ack- 
 nowledge that He who, in my very childhood 
 called for it, has more than made good His 
 promise to guide, and keep, and bless me, 
 if 1 would but follow Him. Many short- 
 comings and failures on my part, have 
 marked this last, and other kindred services, 
 but when undertaken in filial faith, and with 
 the strength graciously granted, if it were 
 now asked of me — 'lackest thou anything?' 
 I could only from an overflowing heart, 
 respond, 'nothing Lord.'" 
 
 In recording the travels of my dear father, 
 I have adhered as closely, as condensing 
 would permit, to the actual words of his 
 manuscript, though occasional transposi- 
 tions were necessary, and subjects men- 
 tioned in different pages, have been brought 
 together. 
 
 The character of Samuel Morris was sin- 
 
 (204)
 
 gularly free from self-sufficiency, and we 
 quote an apt passage from one of his favorite 
 authors. 
 
 "To know how to be loved and honored 
 without losing yourself and growing weak — 
 that is the problem of many of the sweetest, 
 richest, most attractive lives 
 
 " if the much-beloved man can look up 
 and demand the love of God, if laying hold 
 of its great freedom, he can make it his, he 
 is free. 
 
 "Then let him come back and take into 
 a glowing heart, the affection of his brethren, 
 let him walk the earth with hosts of friends, 
 the heaven, that he carries in his heart, 
 preserves him. 
 
 "They cannot make him conceited, for 
 he, who lives with God, must be humble. 
 They cannot drown his self-hood, for the 
 Gocf he serves, is always laying upon him, 
 his own personal duties, and bringing the 
 soul before its own judgment-seat every 
 day." 
 
 " To pxiKs through life beloved as few are loved, 
 To nrovc tlie joys of earth as few have proved, 
 And .still to keep the souI'h white robe unstained. 
 Such is the victory that thou hawt gaine<l." 
 
 The friendship between Samuel Morris 
 and J. B. lirailhwaitc began in the meridian 
 of their lives and continued to the very end, 
 for each visited the other many times in 
 America and lingland, while their corres- 
 pondence brings out a strong interchange of 
 views, and a harmony of purpose in service 
 for their Lord. 
 
 And when in his seventy-eighth year, 
 
 ( 206 )
 
 Samuel Morris was called up higher, a letter 
 came to his brother, written by J. B. Braith- 
 waite, aged eighty-seven. It was among 
 the last he penned, for a week later, he too 
 received the heavenly summons. The letter 
 is as follows: — 
 
 " London, 312 Camden Road, 
 
 Eleventh Month 7th, 1905. 
 ^'My dear Friend: — 
 
 " Many thanks for thy letter just received, 
 announcing the decease of thy dear and 
 never-to-be-forgotten brother, Samuel Mor- 
 ris. 
 
 "He was one whom I dearly loved; of 
 whom his life testified that he 'walked with 
 God.' And in following him as he followed 
 Christ, it may be the joy and consolation 
 of them that abide in Him who is 'the 
 Resurrection and the Life,' to bear in mind 
 that to them, that solemn change which we 
 call Death, involves in itself no real separa- 
 tion. It is rather a translation from the 
 lower to the upper sanctuary of our Father's 
 house. That house is not a divided house, 
 His family is not a divided family — it is one 
 house and one family on earth and in 
 Heaven. And they that abide where He 
 has seen fit to place them, and are faithful 
 to their measure of service for Him, all the 
 days of their appointed time, even here 
 upon earth are no less in their appropriate 
 sphere of duty, than are the redeemed oefore 
 the Throne. 
 
 "Therefore, let us each be of good cheer, 
 and with all diligence yield ourselves to His 
 guidance, who is in His Infinite grace, lead- 
 
 ( 206 )
 
 ing us also upward and onward to the house 
 not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. 
 "Believe me to be in sympathy and love, 
 " Thy sincere friend, 
 
 J. B. Braithwaite." 
 
 The religious visits of our father to distant 
 countries and his records of them were nov/ 
 over. The afternoon of his life had come, 
 the home duties were gladly resumed, and 
 the last twelve years were filled with joyful 
 work in his more immediate part of the 
 vineyard. There were no vain regrets for 
 misspent time, no inaction, no dread of the 
 future. 
 
 And when the twilight came there was 
 no long illness, "no sadness of farewell," as 
 he embarked— the Pilot whom he had 
 trusted, met him "face to face," and we, 
 who are left, can only give thanks for the 
 years when we were voyagers with him.
 
 This book is DUE on the last 
 date stamped below 
 
 2»nr-10,'48(Bl040)470 
 
 UMVERSll^ oi ^r^utuniy^u, 
 
 AT 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 LIBRARY
 
 Moppis— -- 
 
 7795 Glimpses of 
 -^^^3ld4a— the life^^f. 
 
 Samuel Morris. 
 
 i!||!!i|l'||lif||ill| 
 
 AA 000 657 999 9 
 
 BX 
 
 7795 
 M83I4M8