THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 I
 
 AM 
 
 IMPARTIAL 
 
 JOURNAL 
 
 OF A 
 
 DETACHMENT 
 
 FROM THE 
 
 BRIGADE OF FOOT GUARDS, 
 
 COMMENCING 
 
 2y h FEBRUARY, 
 
 AND ENDING 
 
 9 th MAY, 1795. 
 
 BY ROBERT BROWN, 
 
 CORPORAL IN THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS. 
 ILLUSTRATED WITH A MAP OF THE SEAT OF WAR. 
 
 LONDON: 
 PJUNTSD FOR JOHN STOCKDALE, PICCADILLY. 
 
 M.DQC.XCV.
 
 DA 
 
 to 
 M A J O R-G E N E R A 
 
 LAKE. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 1 HE very high honor that you havt 
 conferred by permitting me to dedicate 
 the following work to a Gentleman and 
 a General of your great and well-known 
 abilities, will always command my moft 
 grateful acknowledgements, as under fuch 
 a protector the numerous imperfections 
 therein contained will be the more readily 
 excufed. 
 
 To you, Sir, as our flrfl Commander 
 under his Royal Highnefs the Duke of 
 York, we have been long taught to pay 
 the moft cheerful obedience ; but we can 
 with the greateft propriety and juftice 
 fay more, namely, that fuch obedience 
 was not paid to you merely as a General, 
 and our Commander, but as our FA- N 
 THER; not only to one whofe authority 
 extended over our perfons, but to one 
 
 who 
 
 1313593
 
 DEDICATION. 
 
 who poffefTed our warmeft affe&ions ; to 
 one whofe prefence never failed to infufe 
 with an irrefiftible power, a fpirit of 
 cheerfulnefs and ardour into every heart : 
 every hardfhip was defpifed, while we 
 beheld you lharing it with us ; and no 
 danger, in whatever fhape it might ap- 
 jsear, was dreaded while you were our 
 leader. 
 
 The joyful acclamations with which 
 you were received after a fhort abfence at 
 Courtray ; and the pleafure and fatisfac- 
 tion which evinced itfelf publicly, on 
 every fimilar occafion, throughout the 
 brigade, may prevent the fmalleft degree 
 of adulation from being imputed to fo 
 humble an individual as, 
 
 SIR, 
 
 With the greatefr. Refpect, 
 Your moil obliged, 
 Moft obedient, 
 And moft devoted humble Servant, 
 
 ROBERT BROWN. 
 
 Windfor, 
 September, 1795.
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 JL HE following pages being originally- 
 written for my own private amufement, 
 were never intended to meet the public 
 eye, until fome time after the brigade re-^ 
 turned to England, when, at the inftancc 
 of a number of my friends, I was in- 
 duced, at length, to fubmit them to the 
 prefs. 
 
 As there is a kind of fecret pleafure in 
 contemplating part fcenes of danger and 
 diftrefs, when the mind is at reft and 
 quiet, this fmall tract may be acceptable 
 to many of thofe who fhared in the trou- 
 bles therein defcribed, as it will bring to 
 2 their
 
 vi PREFACE. 
 
 their remembrance a number of incidents 
 which they had probably forgot. To 
 others, it may ferve to correct the wide 
 mifreprefentations that have been induf- 
 trioufly circulated, either through igno- 
 rance or prejudice ; for however fomc 
 may boafl of the veracity of their infor- 
 mation, yet thofe who were prefent in 
 the fcenes of action are the beft able to 
 judge of the correctnefs of fuch a per- 
 formance. 
 
 I have taken notice, as often as oppor- 
 tunity offered, of every other regiment or 
 corps in the Britifh army who were ea- 
 gaged in any particular aclion ; at the 
 fame time many circumstances may have 
 occurred among them worthy of remark, 
 which, on account of their diftance and 
 my private filuation* I could not poflibly. 
 come at the knowledge of. The names 
 of the feveral pofls we occupied, and the 
 I time
 
 PREFACE. Vli 
 
 time of taking pr leaving them, may be 
 depended upon. 
 
 The reader is not to exped: to find here 
 the eloquent productions of learning, nor 
 the glowing efrufions of fancy ; but a plain, 
 fimple narrative of fads, which were ge- 
 nerafly minuted down on the evening of 
 the day on which they took place, or the 
 firfl opportunity afterwards. 
 
 All party influence is totally excluded. 
 No circumftance whatever is concealed to 
 favour the one, nor aggravated to pieafe 
 the other ; but are, according to tiie in- 
 formation collected on the fpot, related 
 precifely as they took place. ' 
 
 Windfor, 
 Sept. 19, 1795.
 
 

 
 4 
 AN IM PARTIAL 
 
 JOURNAL, 
 
 J:\BOUT this time, the French army 1793 
 under the command of General Dumou- p e b. 
 rier, fpreading their baneful influence, 
 as well as their arms, over all Weft Flan- 
 ders, into which they found very eafy ad- 
 million, proceeded with rapid ftrides to- 
 wards Holland, the invafion of which 
 Dumourier had openly avowed. 
 
 His Majcfty being bound by a defen- 
 
 five treaty of alliance, was under the ne- 
 
 ceility of fending a number of troops to 
 
 B affift
 
 5 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Feb. a flift the Dutch againft the comm6n 
 enemy, whofe principles and fecret com- 
 binations, as well as outward profeflion, 
 militated againft every government in Eu- 
 rope. 
 
 aoth. Orders were iiTued that the three firfl 
 battalions of foot guards fhould hold 
 themfelves in readinefs to embark for fo- 
 reign fervice. The companies were by 
 the fir ft augmentation to confift of four 
 
 o 
 
 ferjeants, four corporals, two drummers, 
 and feventy-one privates. 
 
 sift. Nothing extra. 
 
 aad. Nothing extra. 
 
 It not being found convenient to com- 
 plete the companies to the firft eftablifh- 
 ment, it was ordered 'that the number of 
 privates fhould be fifty-fix. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs the Duke of Glou- 
 cefter ordered that the brigade command- 
 ed for foreign fervice, fhould be ready to 
 march from the Parade in St. James V 
 Park, the next morning at fix o'clock, to 
 Greenwich, in order to embark on board 
 the tranfports provided for that purpofe. 
 
 His
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 His Majefty having appointed his Feb. 
 Royal Highnefs the Duke of York com- 
 mander in chief of the Britifh forces for 
 foreign fervice, Major- General Lake was 
 appointed to command the brigade of 
 guards. 
 
 The brigade paraded in the Park, and 25th. 
 after being reviewed by his Majefly, 
 inarched to Greenwich, and embarked 
 from the Hofpital flairs. His Majefty' 
 was prefent at the embarkation. 
 
 . This detachment confifted now of four 
 battalions, the grenadier companies, viz. 
 two from the i ft regiment, and one from 
 each of the others, being formed into a 
 feparate battalion, under the command of 
 Colonel Leigh of the ^d regiment. 
 
 Weighed anchor and dropped down the 26th; 
 river to the Nore. 
 
 Remained at anchor. 
 
 Weighed anchor and put to fea, under 
 the convoy of two frigates, viz. the Li- 
 zard, Captain Williams, and the Race- 
 
 horfe, Captain . 
 
 B z Early
 
 4 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 March. Early in the morning a ftrong gale of 
 
 !#. wind came on, and the firfl land we dif- 
 covered was a point a little to the north 
 of Helvoetfluys ; about 9 o'clock a Dutch 
 pilot carne on board, and advifed our 
 captain to ftand a little to the fouthward ; 
 which advice he following, inftead of an- 
 choring in a jfafe and commodious place, 
 run the fhip upon a lee more, the wind 
 blowing very itrong upon the land. 
 
 ad. Nothing extra. 
 
 3 d - Nothing extra. 
 
 .4*. Having got all things in readinefs, the 
 ^d regiment difembarked about noon, at 
 Helvoetfluys, where they remained fomc 
 time, and at Brill ; the reft of the brigade 
 going on board of fcouts, in order to pro- 
 ceed by water to Dcrt. 
 
 5th. Proceeded up the river Maefe; this 
 country is almoft all covered with water, 
 and banks are raifed for foot pafTengers 
 along the fides of the river and canals. 
 
 6th. Arrived at Dort, which is an exceed- 
 ing beautiful town; it is about three miles 
 in circumference, lut of no great flrength, 
 
 there
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 5 
 
 there being no works to defend it. Ca- March, 
 nals are cut all through the* town, on 
 which the ihipping go to any part of it, 
 The ftreets are regular and kept remarka- 
 bly clean, as well as the outride of their 
 houfes, which they are continually walh- 
 ing. 
 
 But if we were ilruck with the neat 
 appearance and cleanlinefs of the ftreets, 
 and outfide of the houfes, we were much 
 more fo upon feeing the infide, where 
 every article of furniture, whether for 
 ufe or ornament, is kept in a Hate of 
 cleanlinefs and regularity far exceeding 
 any thing we have been accuftomcd to 
 fee in England. The country round the 
 town is very plealant, being covered with 
 gentlemen's feats and delightful gardens, 
 watered by fmall rivulets cut from the 
 rivers, and canals. . 
 
 Two fine yachts were moored here, on 
 board of which the Duke of York and 
 the Prince of Orange flept. 
 
 Three companies of the $d regiment 
 
 after difembarking marched to Brill, and 
 
 B q four
 
 6 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 March, four companies to Helvoet, where they 
 remained till the 25th, when they were 
 relieved by the I4th foot, and fat off to 
 join the brigade. 
 
 Brill is a very beautiful and ftrong for- 
 trefs, furrounded with ilrong ramparts 
 and a deep wet ditch ' there are upwards 
 of 100 pieces of ordnance mounted upon 
 the feveral batteries. Canals are cut 
 from the river, which fpread themfelves 
 in branches through different parts of the 
 town. 
 
 2;th. In confequence of an order of his 
 , Royal Highnefs, the commander in chief, 
 
 the brigade commenced drawing bread 
 in lieu of bread money ; one pound and 
 a half each man per day. Provifions of 
 every kind are remarkably cheap here, 
 and the inhabitants (hew a great deal of 
 kindnefs and refpecl: for our army in 
 general.- 
 
 3oth. A light company was formed from the 
 brigade, and put under the command of 
 Lieut. Col. Perry n, but attached to the 
 grenadier battalion, which was now called 
 
 the
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 the flank battalion, and confifted of five April, 
 companies. 
 
 The brigade of guards, with a detach- 
 ment of artillery, received orders to hold 
 themfelvcs in readinefs to embark, with 
 all their baggage, &c. on Monday morn- 
 ing next at day-break. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs was pleafed to 
 make a prefent of fix pounds of beef for 
 each man, being provifion for four days. 
 
 The brigade, except four companies of ift. 
 the 3d regiment* embarked for Bergen- 
 op-Zoom, which four companies fol- 
 lowed five days after. 
 
 In failing for Bergen-op-Zoom we 
 patted clofe under Williamfradt, which 
 place the enemy had laid fiege to, but 
 retreated fome time before. 
 
 Bergen-op-Zoom is thought to be as 
 ftrong a fortification as any in Europe ; 
 befides the great ftrength of its works, 
 and the vaft command it has of the wa- 
 ter, being the principal quay of the river 
 Scheldt, it is remarkable for its ftrong 
 and extenfive bomb-prpofs, which are 
 B 4 faid
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 faid to be capable of containing 100,000 
 men. The town itfelf is but inconfide- 
 rable, though the works extend about 
 three miles in circumference ; the gar- 
 rifon confined of Dutch troops, the Bri- 
 tifli were quartered in the town. 
 
 9th. About two o'clock in the morning the 
 brigade received orders to embark, and 
 proceed with all poffible expedition to 
 Antwerp ; the artillery to proceed by 
 land. Accordingly, the men and baggage 
 being embarked, we fet fail up the river, 
 and about two o'clock, P. M. caft anchor 
 in fight of Antwerp. 
 
 A confiderable fleet of Dutch and Eng- 
 lifh men of war, with frigates, gun- 
 boats, &c. lay in the river ; and as we 
 failed through them they faluted his Royal 
 Highnefs, as alfo fome batteries on the 
 river iide. 
 
 i otto About two o'clock P. M. we landed 
 on the weft iide of the river, Antwerp 
 being on the eaft fide; and, after receiv- 
 ing two days bifcuit, marched about 
 three o'clock, and paffed the 5jd and 
 
 37 th
 
 CAMPAtGN OF 1793. < 
 
 37th regiments in cantonments ; about April, 
 fix o'clock arrived at Bovern, where we 
 were quartered forty or fifty in a houfe. 
 
 The face of this country appears very 
 different from Holland ; inftead of vail 
 ilieets of water and marmy ground, we 
 beheld a country covered with univerfal 
 . verdure, in woods . and fields beautifully 
 variegated. 
 
 Halted. iath. 
 
 Marched at feven o'clock in the morn- i 3 th. 
 ing ; our column confifted of the brigade 
 of guards, arid that of the line, with the 
 artillery ; and arrived at Lokeron, a con- 
 fiderable town on the river Durme, ten 
 xniles from Ghent. This day we parted 
 through St. Nicholas, on the main road 
 from Antwerp to Ghent, containing a 
 great number of fchools for youth of both 
 fcxes; two roads crofs each other in the 
 center of the town, and on each road, 
 before you approach the center a confi- 
 derable way, the houfes, which are very 
 elegant, divide, and form a vaft circle, 
 
 which
 
 IO JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, which has a very magnificent appear- 
 ance. 
 
 i4th. Marched at feven o'clock, and arrived 
 at Ghent at one P. M. 
 
 This day our attention was engaged by 
 a great number of fmall buildings, dif- 
 fering very much both in fize and ele- 
 gance, ertfted at almoft every crofs-road, 
 or place particularly confpicuous; wherein 
 is fet up either a crucifix, or an image of 
 the Virgin with her Son in her arms, but 
 chiefly the latter; at which places ajl 
 folitary paiTengers pay their devotions, 
 and at fome is an iron box for the re- 
 ception of their charity. 
 
 Ghent is a large town, upwards of 
 eight miles in circumference, fituated on 
 the river Scheldt ; and alfo the Lys, 
 which latter lofes itfelf in a number of 
 canals, branching out to the north and 
 weft. 
 
 There are fome remains of a wall and 
 
 ditch in fome places here, and alfo of a 
 
 citadel ; bwt it never was of any great 
 
 ilrcngth, and is now in a ftatc of total 
 
 I decay :
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 11 
 
 decay : fome of the churches are very - April, 
 large, and contain fome paintings of con- 
 liderable reputation. 
 
 The barracks of St. Peter's are the 
 moft commodious we have yet feen, 
 forming an ample fquare, with piazzas 
 and a gallery all round ; the rooms above 
 and below being fitted up for the accom- 
 modation of eight men each, the whole 
 being able to contain about 1600 men. 
 
 Our troops were quartered in the town, 
 and the people behaved very kind to us. 
 
 Halted. , 5t h. 
 
 This morning the army, having got on i6th. 
 board different fcouts, proceeded up the 
 canal to Bruges. It fnowed very much 
 during our paffage, which, crowded as 
 we were, made it very difagreeable. 
 
 Landed at Bruges about feven o'clock i7th. 
 in the morning. This is a fine little 
 town, and has a briik trade by means of 
 its vicinity to Oftend. Provisions of 
 every kind very reafonable. Some fmall 
 remains of a fortification appear round 
 
 the
 
 12 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, the town, but no care is taken of it, nor 
 any guns mounted. 
 
 Halted. 
 
 Marched at one in the morning for 
 Thielt, at which place we arrived about 
 ten in the evening; quartered in the 
 town. 
 
 The face of this country is very plea- 
 fant, abounding with fir trees. 
 4oth. Marched at ten o'clock in the morning, 
 and about five o'clock P. M. arrived at 
 Courtray, diftance about fixteen miles ; 
 country very pleafant and fruitful. 
 
 Courtray is a fine populous town, fitu- 
 ated on the river Lys ; a kind of a mud 
 wall and wet ditch, of no confluence, 
 is all the defence it has : the enemy eva* 
 cuated this town juft before we entered, 
 a's they did moft of the places we lately 
 paffed. The country here is more open 
 and free from wood, though the foil is 
 very rich and produces fine crops. There 
 is no remarkable building in this town ; 
 the market-place is confufed and irregu- 
 lar, a building of feveral houfcs Handing 
 
 in
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 in the middle of it. This town forms 
 the northern point of a triangle with 
 Tournay and Lifle. 
 
 Marched at feven o'clock A. M. and 
 about four P. M. arrived at Tournay. 
 
 Tournay is a large populous town, de- 
 fended by an ancient fione wall and a 
 ditch ; the citadel is well fituated by na- 
 ture, and was efteemed a mafter-piece 
 of art ; but this, as well as the reft of 
 the fortifications, is in a ftate of de- 
 cay. 
 
 This is one of the principal magazines 
 for the Britiih army, on account of the 
 cafy navigation of the -Scheldt. 
 
 The great church here is finely orna- 
 mented with marble, and very fine fculp- 
 ture, though but few paintings of any con- 
 fiderable merit. The feveral ornaments 
 and vefiels pertaining to their worihip here 
 are very rich, and have a fplendid appear- 
 ance, which to us, whofe mode of wor- 
 fhip confifts lefs in external grandeur, ap- 
 pears new, and is viewed with nollmall 
 degree of curioiity. 
 
 This
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 This day we removed our quarters 
 from Tournay to the village of Orcq, 
 about two miles on the Lifle road, at 
 which place we were cantoned in barns t 
 or as the Situation of the place would 
 permit ; the enemy's advanced pofts com- 
 ing within five miles of Tournay, a 
 camp of Auftrian cavalry and Pruflian 
 infantry laying a little on our left. 
 
 BQth, A great number of Hanoverian cavalry 
 arrived at Tournay, under the command 
 of Prince Erneft Auguftus, brother to our 
 Royal Duke. 
 
 3oth. This day a considerable number of 
 Hanoverian infantry arrived. 
 
 About midnight the army was ordered 
 
 under arms, and it was thought fome fud- 
 den attack was to be made; but in confe- 
 quence of the wetnefs of the night, and 
 badnefs of the roads, we returned again 
 about two o'clock this morning. 
 
 This afternoon the Pruilians ftruck 
 their tents and marched off; a heavy can- 
 nonade was heard all day, which was 
 fuppofed to be the allies inverting Conde* 
 
 A fmart
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 A fmart fkirmim took place early this 
 morning, between fome Auftrian cavalry 
 and the enemy, wherein the former had 
 the advantage. 
 
 Three regiments of Hanoverian cavalry 
 came from Tournay, and encamped be- 
 hind our cantonments. 
 
 Several fkirmimes took place every 
 day between the advanced picquets, but 
 of no confequence. 
 
 The enemy having ftrongly entrenched 8th. 
 themfelves in the woods of St. Amand, 
 reinforced by the greateft part of General 
 Dampier's army, which had been en- 
 camped at the ftrong poft of Famars, 
 made a general attack on General Clair- 
 fait's ports, at the abbey of Vicogne and 
 the wood of St. Amand, but were repulfed 
 with great Jofs. 
 
 The Auftrians and Pruffians having 
 fuftained the firft attack, the Britifh, un- 
 der the command of the Duke of York, 
 marched about one o'clock this morning, 
 as a refcrve, till we arrived at the PrufTian 
 camp at Maulde, where, we halted a con- 
 
 (iderablc
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 fiderable time. The action was now 
 become general, from Conde to the 
 Scarpe, and a dreadful cannonade was 
 heard from every quarter. After we had 
 halted feme time, we advanced through, 
 the town of St. Amand, on the Chauflee, 
 to Valenciennes, the Colditream battalion 
 being advanced a confiderable time before 
 us-, to reinforce the Pruffians. The 
 flank battalion foon after was ordered 
 for the fame purpofe to another place. 
 The two remaining battalions no fooner 
 had palled through the town, than they 
 met a great number of wounded, , both 
 of the Pruffians and Coldfrream; that 
 battalion having fuffered confiderably, 
 being led up againfl a battery, and then 
 forced to abandon it. Enfign Howard, 
 of the Coldftream, who carried the 
 colours, and a ferjeant-major and two 
 ferjcants, were wounded, and feventy- 
 three rank and file killed, wounded, and 
 miffing. 
 
 This was the firft time the Britifh 
 guards were engaged, and by their courage 
 
 and
 
 (CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 17 
 
 &nd intrepidity gained a conilderable (hare May. 
 in the glory of that day, when the enemy 
 was totally routed, and took rciuge at 
 their ftrong camp at Famars. 
 
 The Auftrians had upwards of 500 
 killed and wounded, and the Pruflians 
 300. 
 
 About feven o'clock this morning, gth. 
 \vc advanced a conliderable way towards 
 the enemy, who had not yet left the 
 wood : we halted fome time near the Ab- 
 bey Vicogne, we then returned towards 
 St. Amand, and lay on the road that 
 night. 
 
 Early this morning, the Auftriaris and ioth. 
 Pruflians attacked the rear of the flying 
 Carmagnols; foon after which we had 
 intelligence that the enemy had been 
 drove entirely off with great ilaughter, 
 and a number taken prifoners. We were 
 ordered to return to our cantonments 
 where we arrived this evening. 
 
 Nothing extra. nth. 
 
 This day we fired a feu de joie on ac- i2th. 
 count of our late victories. 
 
 C Nothing
 
 JOORNAL OF TH 
 
 May. Nothing extra. 
 
 3h7 A confiderable number of EnglifH 
 
 i4th. light cavalry arrived at Tournay. 
 
 *5th. Nothing extra. 
 
 1 6th. Nothing extra. 
 
 i ?th. Nothing extra. 
 
 1 8th. Received orders to march the next 
 morning at fix o'clock. 
 
 Marched at fix o'clock through Tour- 
 nay, on the road towards Valenciennes; 
 and about twelve o'clock arrived at a fmall 
 village called Briuelle, where we were quar- 
 tered two or three companies at a houfe. 
 Our column confifled of the brigade of 
 foot guards, the i4th, 37th, and 5jd re- 
 giments, and a great number of Hano- 
 verian infantry. The Hanoverian and 
 Britifh light cavalry covered our rear. 
 
 Marched at five o'clock in the morn- 
 ing, and about one P. M. halted, and 
 pitched our tents for the firft time. Prince 
 Cobourg viewed us this day as we paf- 
 ied along, marching by him in flow 
 time. 
 
 Head
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 19 
 
 Head quarters were at a village called May. 
 Bafling, a fine country all around, with "" v ""^ 
 fine crops on the ground. 
 
 Halted to refrefh the troops. aift. 
 
 According to the orders we received, sad. 
 we ftruck our tents at ten and marched at 
 eleven o'clock A. M. ; and after a very 
 fatiguing march, on account of the fre- 
 quent halting of the army, in making the 
 proper difpofition for the intended attack 
 next day, we arrived at a fine plain, near 
 which was the Auftrian camp of Quive- 
 rain : our camp ground was marked out, 
 but we foon received orders to be in rea- 
 dinefs to march at 1 1 o'clock that fame 
 night. Having drefled fome victuals as 
 time and place would admit, we marched 
 about midnight, with the greatefl filence 
 and circumfpection ; paft the Auftrian 
 camp towards the enemy. 
 
 This day the French were forced from 
 
 their ftrong camp at Famars, on which 
 
 occaiion the left wing of the allied army, 
 
 commanded by the Duke of York, emi- 
 
 C 2 nently
 
 .20 JOURNAL OF THE 1 , 
 
 May. -nently diftinguimed itfelf. About "one 
 o'clock in the morning we halted, and 
 lay upon our arms two hours, giving 
 time for the other parts of the army to 
 make their feveral movements ; a great 
 number of Auftrian cavalry and infantry 
 palling by us ; we moved forward again 
 about three o'clock, and about four the 
 ieveral difpofttions for a general attack 
 being made, it commenced about five, 
 and with fuch fpirit and refolution, on the 
 part of the allied army, that the enemy 
 foon gave way in every quarter, and re- 
 treated to Valenciennes. 
 
 No general engagement took place, but 
 feveral partial fkirmi flies at the detached 
 redoubts of the enemy, which were at- 
 tacked and defended with much bravery 
 on both (ides. 
 
 The troops which difplayed their va- 
 lour and activity moil, were the Hano- 
 .verian flying artillery, with the Britiili 
 light cavalry, and thofe of the feveral 
 other nations, as the nature of the en- 
 gagement,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 21- 
 
 gagements were chiefly adapted to their 
 mode of warfare, in purfuing a flying 
 enemy in an open country, where very 
 few impediments occur to obftruct their 
 progrefs. 
 
 It was. a glorious fight, as- the morning 
 was ferene and clear, to fee the line of 
 battle formed for an extent of feveral 
 miles j in one place fquadrons of cavalry 
 charging each other in full career, in ano- 
 ther the enemy flying and our's purfu- 
 ing, with the flying artillery, difplaying 
 all the (kill and dexterity peculiar to them- 
 felves j and the brigade of guards was fo 
 fituated in the morning, that they could 
 behold almofl the whole fcene of action 
 at one view. 
 
 The lofs on our fide was very fmall, 
 confidering the importance and com- 
 manding fituation of the hill of Famars, 
 which was alfo defended with redoubts 
 fo advantageoufly fituated, that a deter- 
 mined body of troops might have de- 
 fended it againft a much fuperior force. 
 C 3 We
 
 22 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. We lay on the ground without our 
 tents this night, which was exceffive 
 cold. The foreign troops plundered 
 wherever they came, without hinderance, 
 and generally deftroyed what they could 
 not take away : but the Britifh were al- 
 ways Jftriclly forbidden to plunder. 
 
 4th. About three o'clock in the morning we 
 itood to our arms, his Royal Highnefs 
 the Duke riding along the line, to fee the 
 troops get under arms. As we pafled 
 Famars, we faw on the top of the hill in 
 the centre of the grand redoubt, the mo- 
 nument creeled to the memory of the 
 French General Dampier, who was killed 
 by a cannon ball the 8th of May, faid 
 to be from the Britim artillery ; his thigh 
 was mot off clofe to his groin : it wag 
 raifed ten or twelve feet high, with three 
 fides of painted canvas, with infcriptions 
 in praife of their late commander in chief, 
 and expreffi ve of the prevailing fentiments 
 of that nation ; above it arofe the com- 
 mon badge of their triumph, the Tree of 
 
 Liberty,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 2 
 
 Liberty, furmounted with the Cap in May. 
 proper itile ; it was fuffered to remain 
 uninjured by our troops. It is faid he 
 was threatened to lofe his head if he did 
 not take pofleffion of St. Amand that day 
 on which he was killed. 
 
 Valenciennes and Cond6 being now 
 left uncovered, the fiege of the firft was 
 begun in form, and the latter more clofely 
 inverted. 
 
 A heavy cannonade which commenced 2$tfc. 
 yefrerday flili continued, from the out- 
 works of Valenciennes, particularly on 
 the Pruflian army, who made near ap^- 
 preaches to the north fide of the town ; 
 in the mean time meafures were taken to 
 commence a clofe ficge. His Royal High- 
 nefs the Duke of York had the chief 
 command of the befieging army, and 
 Prince Cobourg that of the covering 
 army. 
 
 This is a fine, open, fertile country, 
 
 delightfully variegated with gentle rifing 
 
 hi]is, and pleafant vallies ; in one of 
 
 Q 4 which
 
 24 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. which lies Valenciennes on the river 
 Scheldt. This river wallies the north^ 
 weft part of the town, where there are 
 alfo forne marfhy ground, which might 
 retard the approach of an enemy ; but 
 the other fide, viz. the fouth-eaft, is a dry, 
 chalky foil, and more level: here the 
 chief, fcene of action during the fiege 
 was carried on : the trenches extending 
 from near the river fide on the eaft, to 
 Marley, a considerable village, with a 
 fine piece of water on the fouth : in this 
 village a great number of the enemy made 
 a ftand, it being under the cannon of the 
 town. 
 
 A considerable quantity of firelocks, 
 pouches, and other warlike inftruments, 
 were found in the houfes of the country 
 people. 
 
 Every houfe was plundered in a moft 
 unfeeling manner, by the Auftrians 
 and ethers of the foreign troops ; whofe 
 hardened hearts, neither the entreaties of 
 old age, the tears of beauty, the cries of 
 
 children,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793' 25 
 
 children, nor all the moving fcenes of the May. 
 moft accumulated diftrefs, can touch 
 with pity ; nor do they content themfelves 
 with taking whatever may be ufeful to 
 them, but deftroy whatever they cannot 
 carry away. It would feem the Auftrians 
 are not allowed by their laws to plunder 
 in fuch a degree ; for this day one of 
 their officers detected a foldier plunder- 
 Ing a poor woman's houfe of all me had, 
 when, moved with companion, he order- 
 ed him to defift ; but he refuting, the 
 officer drew liis fword and killed him 
 inffontly on the fpot. 
 
 Early this morning our troops began .a a6th. 
 heavy bombardment on the village of 
 Marley, in which a number of French 
 lay; it was foon fet on fire, and conti- 
 nued burning the whole day. It could 
 expect no other fate, as it lay between 
 the town and the lines of our encamp- 
 ment. 
 
 Several movements took place in the a;th. 
 army, the Auftrians taking their poft on 
 the right, next the river, the Britifh on 
 
 the
 
 $6 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. the left, and the other auxiliaries between. 
 The head quarters are at Eftraux, and the 
 left of the Britilh reaches as far as the 
 heights of Famars. The Pruffians, wifh 
 fome other troops, occupies the north fide 
 of the river. 
 
 *8th. The enemy was very quiet this morn- 
 ing, but in the afternoon feveral large 
 pieces of ordnance were fired from the 
 town. 
 
 *9th. Nothing extra. 
 
 3oth. This day a great number of fhpt an4 
 fhells were fired from the town, 
 
 Sift. The enemy were very quiet during the 
 day, but at night a great number of fhot 
 was fired, as our piquets advanced pretty 
 near their out-works, 
 
 June. A heavy cannonading was heard towards 
 Conde, which is invefted by General 
 Clairfait's army. 
 
 d. About ten o'clock at night a working 
 party from the brigade of guards, and the 
 brigade of the line, confiding of about 300 
 men, and a flrong covering party, marched 
 towards the town, and under the direc- 
 tion
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 tion of the engineer, began the entrench- June, 
 ments ; the Auftrians at the fame time 
 firing according to their (Irength. The 
 enemy were apprized of it, and fired a 
 great deal ; they alfo threw a number of 
 Jight balls, with very good judgment ; 
 but before three o'clock, each party had 
 made a cover fufficient for their own fe- 
 curity. 
 
 At night, the working parties, &c. as $& 
 laft night. The Pruflians amufe them 
 pretty well on the north fide of the towq t . 
 as there is often a heavy firing heard on 
 that fide. 
 
 There are three of our royal family 
 prefent here at this'time, viz. his Royal 
 Highnefs the Duke of York, their Royal 
 Higbnefles Prince Erneft Auguftus, and" 
 Prince Adolphus. The weather gets 
 very fultry, but the heaviefl part of our 
 duty is always at night. Several fkir- 
 mimes happen between our advanced 
 piquets and the enemy, who fometimes 
 fally out of their works, but nothing has 
 been done of any confequence. 
 
 We
 
 35.8 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June. We hear that this morning a convoy,-' 
 
 4t h. confirming of feveral waggons loaded with 
 provilions and ammunition, are taken 
 from the enemy by our troops. It was 
 defigned to be thrown into Valenciennes, 
 but came too late. 
 
 The enemy has been very quiet this 
 day ; very little firing. 
 
 This being his Majefty's birth day, 
 was not obferved in any public manner, 
 except in uncafing and difplaying our re- 
 gimental colours. 
 
 $th, The whole of this day a heavy canno- 
 nade was heard from Conde. In the 
 evening the enemy attempted to reach 
 our encampments with their fhots and 
 ihells, but without being able; a fhell, 
 however, reached to within a very fmall 
 difrance of the Coldftream quarter guard. 
 
 6th. 'The enemy have been very quiet this 
 day, hardly a gun has been heard, 
 
 7th. The enemy are very quiet ; no cannon 
 has been fired from the town, but they 
 are continually coming out of their bat- 
 teries at night,, -firing imajl ihot upon our 
 
 piquets 3
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 29 
 
 .piquets, which are near them. We have June, 
 a redoubt with three pieces of cannon 
 mounted on it, which commands the. 
 ground near the town, and prevents 
 them from coming much out in the 
 day. 
 
 The enemy very quiet; no firing heard $th. 
 this day. 
 
 Several guns were fired from the town 9th, 
 this afternoon, but did no damage. About 
 ten o'clock at night feveral {hells were 
 feen in the air towards Conde. 
 
 Changed our pofition in the line of I0th 
 encampment this afternoon ; during the 
 march of the regiments, the French 
 fired feveral mots at us, but without 
 cffecT:. 
 
 The enemy were very quiet, very little "* 
 firing heard during the courfe of the day. 
 
 A good deal of fkirmiihing between iath 
 the advanced piquets this morning, but. 
 with little lofs on either fide. 
 
 In the afternoon they fired very heavy 
 on our batteries, and videts; notwith- 
 flanding our work goes on brifkly, and 
 
 many
 
 6 JOUkNAL OF THE 
 
 June, many batteries, and thfc entrenchments 
 are in great forvvardnefs. Several of 
 their {hot fell very near our videts ; one 
 horfe was killed, but the rider was not 
 hurt, and fome (hot fell not far from our 
 encampment : they continued firing all this 
 afternoon, till darknefs put an end to it. 
 
 i3th. The enemy fired feveral pieces of heavy 
 ordnance from the town this morning. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs, the commander 
 in chief, ordered, that a working party, 
 confifting of 750 men, under the com- 
 mand of a field officer, from the brigade 
 of Britilh infantry, mould parade this 
 evening on the right of the Britifh en- 
 campment : they affembled about half 
 pafl fix o'clock, and marched about 
 eight, with a covering party of 500 men, 
 compofed of light dragoons, Auftrian 
 heavy cavalry, and Hanoverian grena- 
 diers ; they marched towards our works, 
 and immediately began to open the 
 trenches upon the town: the enemy were 
 very quiet during the night. 
 
 This
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 3 
 
 This morning they began very early to June* 
 annoy our men at work, by throwing a J4 th 
 great number of (hells and (hot towards 
 the entrenchments and batteries which 
 we had conftrudled during the night. A 
 number of their ihells burft clofe to our 
 men, who, though they were very little 
 accuftomed to fuch vifitors, foon learned 
 to evade them, by clapping down flat on 
 the ground until they burft. 
 
 The working party that went out laft 
 night, were relieved this morning about 
 fix o'clock, by another of the fame 
 ftrength ; they kept working, and the 
 enemy continued firing at fmall intervals 
 during the courfe of this day. There 
 were above 4000 men at work, including 
 Auftrians, Britifh, Hanoverians, &c. 
 
 The enemy threw a vaft number of 
 (hells in the night at our trenches, which 
 are now in great forwardnefs ; they are 
 wide and deep enough for ammunition 
 waggons to pafs and repafs unfeen by 
 the enemy. 
 
 An
 
 ^ JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June. An officer of the Auftrians was killed 
 this day by the burfting of a fhell in the 
 trenches : an officer of 37th regiment was 
 alfo wounded by a (hell. 
 
 None of the Britifh were killed, aL 
 though feveral were wounded this day ; 
 but a number of the Hanoverian infantry 
 were killed and wounded. 
 
 tjth. The enemy continued firing without 
 intermiffion this day ; two men of the 
 lit regiment of guards were wounded this 
 morning by a mell ; alfo one of the 14th 
 regiment, but not to appearance mortal* 
 Considering the amazing number of fhells 
 and iliot they threw, and the number of 
 men at work, it is very providential that 
 fo few are hurt by them* 
 
 During the night, the firing was kept 
 up with the fame degree of vigour, but 
 no hurt was fuflained on our part during 
 the whole night. 
 
 The working parties are relieved twice 
 
 during the twenty-four hours, namely, 
 
 in the morning, and evening, and the 
 
 covering party once, viz. in the evening. 
 
 i Duty
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 Duty runs very hard at prefent with us, 
 having fcarcely one night in bed, but the 
 foldiers perform every part of their duty 
 with the utmoft cheerfulnefs. 
 
 A furgeon and mate attend constantly 
 in the depots behind the trenches, for the 
 purpofe of dreffing the wounded men. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs frequently vifits 
 the trenches in perfon, and feems much 
 pleafed with the alertnefs of the men at 
 work. 
 
 This morning an officer of the Auf- 
 trian engineers was wounded in the 
 head, in two different places, by a mell; 
 a foldier of the light infantry was alfo 
 wounded in the knee. No material da- 
 mage was done during the day, and they 
 remained very quiet all the night. 
 
 In the morning commenced a heavy- 
 cannonade, which was as brilkly an- 
 fwered by an Auftrian battery towards 
 the poil of Mount Anzin. 
 
 About four o'clock in the afternoon 
 
 the enemy began a terrible cannonade on 
 
 our trenches, on the left towards the vil- 
 
 D lage
 
 34 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June, lage of Marley, under cover of which 
 fome hundreds of them (allied out of the 
 town, on purpofe, if poffible, to gain 
 pofTeflion of our works; but our cover- 
 ing parties repelled them with great fpi- 
 rit, and drove them back to their works, 
 killing and wounding a great number, 
 with very little lofs on our fide. During 
 the (kirmim, one of the 3d regiment, 
 and one of the 53d were killed in the 
 trenches by a {hell. 
 
 About three o'clock this morning, the 
 enemy began a tremendous fire ; about 
 two o'clock P. M. our batteries opened 
 for the firft time, and commenced a very 
 warm fire of (hot and f hells, which foon 
 made them flack their fire. A piece of 
 fhell broke the thigh bone of one of the 
 lit regiment, killed one of the 53d regi- 
 ment, and wounded two more. 
 
 Our batteries threw into the town, in 
 thecourfe of the night, above 800 fhells, 
 which were not anfvvered by the enemy 
 more than one to thirty. Molt part of 
 the mot we fired into the town were red 
 a hot,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 35 
 
 hot, which, with the fhells, began to fet June, 
 fome parts of it on fire. 
 
 This morning two of our men were igth. 
 killed, one by a grape fhot which went 
 through his heart, the other by a can- 
 non ball which went through his body ; 
 one belonged to the ift regiment, the 
 other to the Coldftream grenadiers : they 
 were both on a working party. A fur- I 
 
 geon was alfo wounded in the foot by a 
 Ihell. 
 
 During the-night, we could fee flames 
 burft out in feveral places of the town, 
 forne of which continued burning a long 
 time. 
 
 When a fhell is fired from our batteries, 
 a red hot fhot generally accompanies it. 
 
 It rained very much all this day, and 
 the enemy kept up but a very flack fire, 
 while dreadful fhowers of fhot and fhells 
 poured in upon them from "our batteries 
 without intermiflion. 
 
 The enemy commenced a very brifk aoth. 
 fire at day-light, and kept it up till to- 
 wards the evening, when it began to 
 D a flacken,
 
 36 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June, flacken, but we kept up a conftant fire 
 during both day and night. We could 
 perceive grent numbers of our fhells burfl 
 in the town, with a noife refembling di- 
 tant thunder. It rnuft be very diftreiimg 
 to the inhabitants, for the town is very 
 clofe built, and the frequent ^res feen 
 blazing, is a proof that our artillery does 
 great execution. Five men were wounded 
 in the trenches this day, four of the 
 guards and one of the line. s 
 
 The enemy fired a great deal from their 
 out- works, with fmall arms, this even- 
 ing, but did us no damage. 
 
 This morning we could plainly per- 
 ceive a breach made in the fide of the 
 fteeple of the great church. During this 
 day the enemy were much more quiet 
 than they have been fince the trenches 
 have been opened. 
 
 About eleven o'clock at night, forne 
 new mortar batteries opened upon the 
 enemy, and threw a vaft number of fhells 
 into the town, accompanied, as ufual, 
 with red hot fliot. 
 
 Between
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 Between twelve and one o'clock this 
 morn ing we perceived the large buildings 
 on the left of the great church to be on 
 fire; it continued burning with great 
 fury till it was confumed to the ground, 
 the fire of which communicating with 
 the main body of the church, fet it all on 
 a blaze : this church was one of their 
 principal magazines, for forage, arms, 
 &c. about four o'clock the roof fell in, 
 when the flames burft out with greater 
 fury than ever. 
 
 Two other fires raged with uncon- 
 troulable fury in the town at the fame 
 time, but we could not fee the effects of 
 them, as the works of the town inter- 
 cepted our fight. 
 
 While that raging element, fire, was 
 deilroying all before it, in three feveral 
 places with irrefiftible force, and flaming 
 ihowers of fhells and Ihot defcending in 
 all parts of the town, the darknefs of 
 the night made more dreadful by fudden 
 death glaring in all his fiery terrors, 
 added to the tremendous thunder of ar- 
 D 3 tillery
 
 38 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June, tillery all around, mixed with groans and 
 1 a ^ d> ' cries of wounded and dying men, wo- 
 men, and children! 
 
 Theanguifh and diftrefs of the wretched 
 inhabitants may, in part, be conceived, 
 but can never be defcribed by human 
 tongue or pen. By the light of the fire 
 we could plainly perceive the French 
 running to and fro in great confufion, and 
 at fome intervals could hear their clamour- 
 ous noife. They fired but very little 
 during the night, but all our batteries 
 played on the town without intermif- 
 fion. 
 
 This morning a mell burfl clofe to a 
 Hanoverian foldier, as he was afleep in 
 the trenches ; his body was blown all to 
 atoms, and never feen more, except one 
 arm, which was found in the trench. 
 
 Our approaches are carrying on very 
 clofe to the town, our men can hear them 
 talking very plain in their works. 
 
 They are continually firing mufketry 
 ' at our working men, endeavouring to hit 
 
 their
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 their heads as they throw the earth over 
 the trench. 
 
 This aftenioon two deferters came in to 
 us from the enemy, who fired feveral 
 ihot after them, but without effect; they 
 fay the French are in great want, both of 
 provifions and ammunition, and that the 
 inhabitants would fain prevail upon the 
 governor to give up the town before it 
 is quite deftroyed. 
 
 The enemy have been very quiet du- 
 ring the whole day, and at night our 
 batteries began with redoubled fury again, 
 and let the town on fire in four feveral 
 places ; eight or ten fhells might be feen 
 blazing above the town at one time. The 
 fire laited for feveral hours, and burnt 
 with great fury. 
 
 The enemy have been remarkably 
 quiet this day, as well as yefterday, the 
 reafon of which we cannot conjecture ; 
 but our batteries keep firing with unre- 
 mitting activity, efpecially in the night 
 time, which never fail fetting fomc part 
 of the town on fire. 
 
 D 4 Another
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Another deferter came in from the 
 enemy this afternoon, with his arms ancl 
 accoutrements j he fays, a vaft number 
 of the people in the town are killed and 
 wounded, and many hundreds of houfes 
 burnt down, and that many of his com* 
 rades would willingly come over to us, if 
 they could find opportunity. 
 
 4th. The enemy kept up a kind of faint 
 fire this day. A jd regiment grenadier 
 got up to look over the trench towards 
 the enemy, and turning to fpeak to fome 
 one behind him, a cannon ball took his 
 head clean off: another of the 3d regi- 
 ment w 7 as wounded by a Ihell. The fir- 
 ing from our batteries continues with the 
 fame activity. 
 
 25th. This morning fome new batteries were 
 opened on the town, from a height which 
 lies a confiderable way to the left of our 
 lines ; they were all manned with Britifli 
 artillery, and conftrucled under the di- 
 rection of Major Wright of our artillery, 
 who commanded them. As they lay on 
 a commanding eminence, they annoy the 
 
 enemy
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 4* 
 
 enemy very much, who returned their June, 
 fire very briikly. 
 
 As our new batteries direct their Ihot a6th. 
 and fhells with great judgment, which 
 diftrefs the enemy very much, they re- 
 turned their fire this day with great fury; 
 but during the night they fired very little, 
 while all the batteries round the town 
 kept thundering away without intcr- 
 miffion. 
 
 The weather has been remarkably wet 
 ever fince the trenches were opened, which 
 is a very difagreeable circumftance. 
 
 The enemy direct their attention chiefly ayth. 
 to our new batteries, which gall them 
 very much. 
 
 This evening, for a little time, not a 
 gun was fired from either (lie, but at 
 night our batteries re-commenced firing 
 again with their ufual ardour. 
 
 The firing from our lines kept up with *8tk 
 the ufual vigour ; the enemy fired very 
 little towards the lines, but the new bat- 
 teries feem to take all their attention, a 
 proof that they fuffer a great deal by them. 
 
 Very
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Very early this morning our batterie* 
 from the lines opened the warmeft fire 
 upon the enemy's works that has been 
 fince the fiege began ; it forced them to 
 abandon their horn-works, and did them 
 confiderable damage. 
 
 Yefterday afternoon three of the towns 
 people made their efcape into the trenches j 
 they had been fent out to cut forage, and no 
 guard being with them, as was cuftomary, 
 they took that opportunity to make off. 
 Being conducted to head quarters, his 
 Royal Highnefs examined them himfelf; 
 they faid that the greateft part of the in- 
 habitants of the town wiihed to give it 
 up, but the general and the artillery 
 were determined to hold it out to the laft 
 extremity. 
 
 This morning three more of the inha- 
 bitants made their efcape. At njght our 
 batteries continued firing as ufual. 
 3oth. Three of the guards were wounded this 
 day, one mortally, belonging to the ift 
 regiment. The firing continued as ufual. 
 
 The
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 The firing continued with great fury 
 from our batteries, as on the preceding 
 day. 
 
 The left of our trenches reached as far 
 as the village of Marley, which was 
 burnt down on the 26th of May laft, and 
 the firft battery on the left confifted of 
 four long eighteen pounders : next to 
 that was a battery mounting fix thirteen 
 and one-half inch mortars : next was one 
 of four long eighteen pounders : then 
 another of fix long eighteen pounders : 
 next another of fix thirteen and one-half 
 inch mortars : next to that one of ten and 
 one-half inch howitzers : next, a fine 
 battery of fix twenty-four pounders : 
 there are feveral batteries befides thefe in 
 the rear on the heights. 
 
 The firing continued from our lines as 
 ufual into their out-works, which haraf- 
 fed them not a little, as we could perceive 
 them at work all day ; they threw feveral 
 howitzer fhells into our advanced paral- 
 lels, but did very little damage, befides 
 wounding one man of the working party. 
 
 Several
 
 44 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 July. Several of their (hells fell near our trenches, 
 ~ v *" and did not burn: at all, which mufl be 
 owing to fome defect in the fufee. 
 
 o 
 
 Our batteries threw a vaft number of 
 fhells into the town during the night, 
 which were faintly anfwered by the 
 enemy. 
 
 3d. This day Lieutenant-colonel the Earl 
 of Cavan was wounded in the head by a 
 piece of a ihell ; it is thought not to be 
 dangerous. The night palled as uiual. 
 
 4th. This day our batteries kept up a briik 
 fire on the town, and all the night our 
 riflemen on the advanced polls kept up a 
 conftant fire of fmall arms upon thofe of 
 the enemy. Five men belonging to the 
 guards were wounded this day. 
 
 5th. We kept working, and the enemy con- 
 tinued firing howitzer ihells into our fe- 
 cond parallel ; they threw feveral ihells 
 directly into the trench, but luckily only 
 one man was killed ; he belonged to the 
 j 4th foot, a fhell fell on him as he ftood 
 in the trench, and fevered his body in 
 two. 
 
 Our
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 Our trenches are carried very near the 
 enemy's works, and our men are con- 
 ftantly railing at the French over the 
 trenches ; we can fee the effeels of our mot 
 in fome of their large buildings, which 
 appear full of holes like a fieve. 
 
 A (hell from the enemy this forenoon 
 fell into a fmall magazine of powder, be- 
 hind one of the batteries, which it blew 
 up, with an Auftrian officer of artillery, 
 and a corporal ; fgrne fmall fragments of 
 trieir bodies and cloaths were found after- 
 wards : one of the 3d regiment was killed, 
 and one of the ift regiment wounded. 
 
 Yeflerday afternoon an Irishman, be- 
 longing to the 1 4th regiment of foot, de- 
 ferted to the enemy ; he got over unper- 
 ceived by any of our men, but as he was 
 climbing over the enemy's palifades, an 
 Auftrian rifleman obferved him, and im- 
 mediately acquainted our officers. Du- 
 ring the night our batteries kept up a hea- 
 vy fire on the town, and fet feveral parts 
 of it on fire, which burned all night. 
 
 The
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 The enemy frill continue a heavy can- 
 nonade on Major Wright's battery ; one 
 of the guns was difmounted yefterday, 
 two men killed, and feveral wounded. 
 
 ;th. This morning a fliell fell into our 
 trench, it burfl, and wounded five men 
 of the 53d regiment, fome very dange- 
 roufly. 
 
 The enemy did not fire much this fore- 
 noon, but at night as ufual. 
 
 8th. The enemy has brought a number of 
 guns and mortars to an angle of their 
 works, from which they have played 
 pretty fmartly this day, but have not done 
 us much damage. 
 
 An accident happened to a foldier of 
 the 1 6th regiment of light dragoons this 
 day j he had got a fliell into the camp 
 by fome means or other, and curiofity 
 excited him to try to get the fufee out, in 
 doing of which it caught fire between his 
 legs, and tore one thigh and the other leg 
 entirely off; he died foon after. 
 
 In the evening one of the i ft regiment 
 was wounded in the arm fo badly, that 
 
 it
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793, 
 
 it was cut off as foon as he reached the 
 hofpital. 
 
 Early this morning a foldier of the 9 th * 
 Coldftream was killed by a fhell in the 
 trenches, and in the afternoon another 
 belonging to the ^d regiment was wound- 
 ed. About 10 o'clock at night our mor- 
 tar batteries began a tremendous fire upon 
 the town, and in a fhort time a great fire 
 broke out, feemingly about the centre of 
 the town, which raged with great fury, 
 and fpread a confiderable way all round. 
 
 Our batteries kept roaring continually Ioth - 
 upon the enemy, which w r as but faintly 
 anfwered by them. This morning a fer- 
 jeant of the i4th regiment had a piece of 
 his thigh taken away by a fhell as he was 
 coming out of the trenches. 
 
 In the forenoon our fhells fet the town 
 on fire in two feveral places, which burnt 
 more fiercely than any fire which has hap- 
 pened in the day time; the flames, though 
 the fun was mining very bright, were 
 plain to be feen bunting out from behind 
 
 a large building covered with flate. 
 
 This
 
 J6l/fcNAL 6? THE 
 
 This evening we received the agreeable 
 intelligence that Conde has furrendcred to 
 the Imperial arms; this wilfgreatfy faci- 
 litate our operations againft Valenciennes. 
 
 At night the enemy threw fhells and 
 hand grenades towards our trenches for 
 the firft time, but our batteries in return 
 fern (hells, hand grenades, and baikets 
 filled with flint ftones, which were fired 
 o"ut of mortars directly into their works } 
 no damage was fuftained on our fide du- 
 ring the night. 
 
 nth. This morning another large -fire was 
 kindled in their works, which burnt till 
 about fix o'clock, when they got it under 
 by fome means or other. 
 
 One man of the i ft regiment of grena- 
 diers was wounded this day. 
 
 A great number of miners have been em- 
 ployed fome time in carrying feveral mines 
 from the trenches towards the town. 
 
 The weather is exceflive hot at prefent. 
 
 Our artillery kept thundering at the 
 town all night as ufual, which was faintly 
 returned by the enemy. 
 
 j This
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 49 
 
 This day one of the Coldftream regi- July, 
 ment was dangeroufly wounded by a piece I2t h. 
 ofafhell which took his foot off; the 
 firing kept up at night as ufual. 
 
 This day the French troops marched isth. 
 out of Conde, and fome diftance from 
 the town, laid down their arms, and 
 furrendered themfelves to the Auftrian 
 troops. 
 
 . During this day and night our batteries 
 kept firing with great fury as ufuaL 
 
 This morning all the troops around i4 th 
 Valenciennes fired a feu-de-joie for tho 
 taking of Conde; alfo our batteries re- 
 doubled their fire at the fame time 
 againft the town, and at night as ufual. 
 
 This day a foldier of the ift regiment i 5 th. 
 was dangeroufly wounded with a fhell. 
 Heavy firing at night as ufual. 
 
 This morninor about five o'clock a i6th. 
 
 o 
 
 trumpet was founded from the enemy's 
 works, as a fignal for a parley ; in con- 
 fequence of which the firing ceafed on 
 both fides immediately ; a flag of truce 
 came out to our trenches, and was con- 
 E dudled
 
 O JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 July, ducted to his Royal Highnefs the Duke 
 of York. 
 
 During the interval of firing, our men 
 went out of the trenches towards them, 
 and converfed with each other a confide- 
 rable time, with all the familiarity and 
 good nature imaginable ; they feemed wil- 
 ling to give the town up, only they fay 
 their Governor, General Ferrand, dares 
 not do it, until he has defended it a cer- 
 tain time. 
 
 The purport of the flag of truce was, 
 to demand leave for a lady, near the time 
 of her delivery, to leave the town, which 
 his Royal Highnefs accordingly granted. 
 
 About eleven o'clock this forenoon, at 
 which time the truce expired, a gun was 
 fired from the town, as a fignal for each 
 party to prepare for action ; it was laugh- 
 able to fee our men (who till that mo- 
 ment ftood talking with the French) run- 
 ning to their pofts, and tumbling neck and 
 heels into their trenches. The firing 
 then commenced on both fides with re- 
 doubled vigour, and continued all the 
 
 after-
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 51. 
 
 afternoon ; and our people at night as July. 
 ufuaJ. 
 
 Our third parallel is now completed, 
 the batteries fmidied, and the guns 
 mounted. This parallel is carried very 
 clofe to the enemy's lines, and when the 
 batteries open, muft, ofcourfe, do great 
 execution. Our mines are alfo ready for 
 fpringing, the powder has been conveyed 
 into the chambers fome nights fince. Our 
 working parties are difcontinued, and 
 every thing being thus fini fried and ready, 
 Ihould the garri fon hold out much longer 
 after the opening of the third parallel, it 
 is thought the town will be ftormed. 
 
 The firing continued this day and night i;th. 
 as ufual. One of the ^d regiment was 
 wounded by a fhell as the covering party 
 entered the trenches. 
 
 This day four of the Coldftream were i8th. 
 wounded by a fhell, one very danger- 
 oufly, having his arm taken off during 
 the night. Firing as ufual. 
 
 A ferjeant of 1 4th regiment was kil- 19*. 
 led, and two foldiers of the fame regi- 
 E 2 ment
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 ment wounded. At night the enemy 
 threw a number of fhells towards our 
 trenches, but did no damage. 
 
 aoth. This day two of our light infantry 
 were wounded by a fhell. At night the 
 enemy fired a great deal of muiketry 
 from their horn- works, bul v with very 
 little effect. 
 
 a i ft. The weather is fine and dry, which 
 makes our duty much more agreeable. 
 Firing as ufual. 
 
 *2d. A grenadier of the i ft regiment was 
 killed by a fhell this day. The firing 
 kept up with as much fpirit as ufual. 
 
 *3<i. This morning at four o'clock, feveral 
 new batteries on the third parallel opened 
 upon the town with iuch fpirit, that in a 
 few hours they filenced many of the ene- 
 jny's guns ; and at night continued with 
 redoubled fury. One man of the ^d re- 
 giment was killed, and two wounded, 
 one of which had both his legs and arms 
 taken off. 
 
 24th. A very heavy fire, both of mells and 
 fhot this day ; only one of the i ft regi- 
 ment
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 53 
 
 ment of grenadiers was wounded, but a July, 
 great number of the Hanoverian and 
 Auftrian artillery were killed and wound- 
 ed. Our Britifh artillery manned fome of 
 the new batteries which were opened 
 yefterday morning, two were killed, and 
 one loft his leg yefterday, and one was 
 blown up by an accident of fome powder 
 catching fire. 
 
 The enemy's fire fince the opening of 
 thefe laft mentioned batteries, has been 
 very languid. A great deal of mulketry 
 fired during the night. 
 
 This afternoon a number of men was a^th. 
 ordered for the purpofe of ftorming the 
 out-works of the town this evening. The 
 Britim infantry furnifhed 300 men, viz. 
 150 from the brigade of guards, and 150 
 from the brigade of the line, under the 
 command of Major-general Abercrombie. 
 We were ordered to be in readinefs at the 
 center communication, at Marley, in the 
 evening. It was pre-concerted to fpring 
 three mines, and immediately after the 
 E 3 fpring-
 
 4 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 July, fpringing of the laft, the troops were to 
 25th. begin the attack. 
 
 Accordingly in the evening the firft 
 mine was fprung, then the fecond, 
 and third, with the fpace of eight mi- 
 nutes between each. Immediately on the 
 fpringing of the third, the troops being 
 yeady, rufhed in with the utmoft impe- 
 tuofity, jumping over the palifadoes, 
 and through the breaches the mines had 
 made, like the ruming of a flood, and 
 carried all before them at the point of the 
 bayonet. The enemy made a ftotit re- 
 fiftance, but were forced to leave us in 
 poiTefiion of their works. 
 
 There was a great number killed on 
 both fides, but the brigade of guards fuf- 
 fered but little ; yet we have to regret the 
 lofs of Capt. Tollemache, killed, and 
 Captain Warde of the fame regiment 
 wounded. An officer of the 14111 regi- 
 ment was killed. 
 
 The i ft regiment had I rank and file 
 killed, i ferjeant, and 3 rank and file 
 wounded. Coldftream, 2 rank and file 
 
 wounded.
 
 CAMPAIGN OP 1793, 5<| 
 
 ivounded. Third regiment, i ferjeant, July, 
 and i rank and file wounded. v~- 
 
 His Royal Highnefs expreffed the 
 greateft fatisfadion with the conduct of 
 the officers and men employed on this 
 expedition. 
 
 This day the enemy fired very little ; aCth. 
 we fuppofe lafl night's work has fome- 
 what humbled their pride. We had a 
 grenadier of the ift regiment killed this 
 day, and three of the $d wounded, one 
 of which died next day. The ift regi- 
 ment had one wounded. 
 
 Very late this night a flag of truce was 
 fent in to the governor, with a fummons 
 to furrender, or otherwife threatening to 
 ftorm the town. The firing immediately 
 ceafed on both fides. 
 
 Not a gun had been fired on either fide 7 th, 
 this day ; it is faid the governor has a 
 certain time allowed to confider of his 
 final anfwer. 
 
 Nine defcrters came over to us this 
 
 day, and an officer, who fays the enerny 
 
 are beginning to difagree among them- 
 
 E 4 felves,
 
 5 JO.URNAL OF THE 
 
 July, felves, fo that of courfe they mufl foon 
 furrender. One of the deferters who 
 fpeaks a little Englifli, fays, that on our 
 ftorming their out-works, they were 
 thrown into the greateft confufion ima- 
 ginable. No firing this night. 
 *8th. This morning about' fix o'clock, a flag 
 of truce was fent from head quarters to 
 require General Ferrand's final anfwer ; 
 but before they reached the town, they 
 met a general of the French, accompa- 
 nied by three officers, a ferjeant, and a 
 trumpeter, who were fent from the town 
 to fettle the terms of the capitulation. 
 
 Accordingly the terms were agreed 
 upon, and this evening a detachment from 
 the Britidi infantry, confirming of 400 
 men, under the command of Colonel Sir 
 James Duff, took pofTeiTion of the outer 
 gate of Valenciennes, leading to Cam- 
 bray. 
 
 All quiet this night. 
 
 9th. On the syth a draught from Eng- 
 land joined the brigade of guards, under 
 the command of Colonel Watfon of the
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 57 
 
 3d regiment, confiding of near 600 men, July, 
 among them were three light infantry "~ v ~"^ 
 companies, one from each regiment, viz. 
 the i ft company commanded by Lieu- 
 tenant-colonel Ludlow; Coldftream by 
 Lieutenant-colonel Eld ; and the 3d re- 
 giment by Lieutenant-colonel Campbell, 
 which three companies were joined to 
 the flank battalion of guards, which now 
 confifted of eight companies. 
 
 This morning the Hanoverian grena- soth. 
 diers relieved the Britilh detachment at 
 the town-gate. 
 
 The troops are cleaning themfelves, 31(1. 
 and preparing to take pofleffion of the 
 town to-morrow, which is the day ap- 
 pointed for the French marching out 
 of it. 
 
 This morning the French troops march- Aug. 
 ed out of the ,own with all the honours 
 of war, drums beating, colours flying, 
 and a few field pieces, and all their bag- 
 gage, &c. and after getting to a conve- 
 nient place, they laid down their arms, 
 and marched off to their own country. 
 
 The
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aug. The garrifon confuted ftill of about 7000 
 jft. effective men. From the hardnefs of 
 their duty, in the obftinate defence they 
 made, it could not be expected for them 
 to make a fine appearance; notwithftand- 
 iag fome fquadrons of their cavalry looked 
 exceeding well, their cloathing uniform, 
 and their hcrfes in good condition, but a 
 great number of the infantry were of a 
 very fin all ftature, and their cloathing in 
 general very ragged. 
 
 They had a number of fine women, 
 clean, and well drelTed, riding on their 
 baggage waggons. 
 
 The arniy formed two lines, one on 
 each fide of the road leading to Cambray, 
 to a vail extent, between which they 
 marched along ; fome looked very cheer- 
 ful, others fierce and difdainful. Ge- 
 neral Ferrand, who rode at the head of 
 the line, had a very foiemn countenance, 
 lather downcaft. 
 
 Prtnce Cobourg and the Duke of York 
 ,were both prefent ; the former had an 
 .exceeding numerous train of attendants. 
 
 The
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 59 
 
 The men who were employed on the Aug. 
 ftorming party on the 25th of July, were 
 all ported next the Cambray gate, whilft 
 the French troops marched out, as a poll 
 of honour. 
 
 After the troops were clear out of the 
 town, the magiftrates came and delivered 
 the keys to Prince Cobourg and the Duke 
 of York, in the ufual formality. A gar- 
 rifon of the Aultrian troops then took 
 pofieflion of it. 
 
 The Britifh and other troops had leave ad. 
 given them to view the town of Valen- 
 ciennes. 
 
 To view it from the ramparts on the 
 eaft fide of the town, which w r as moftex- 
 pofed to our cannon, nothing could ap- 
 pear more diftrefled and ruinous ; not a 
 houfe could be feen that was not either 
 burnt or partly thrown down j the ftreets 
 filled with rubbifh, mixed with cannon 
 balls and pieces of fhells. The mife- 
 rable inhabitants who now duril crawl 
 out of their hiding places, looked blank 
 and doubtful ; they were releafed from 
 
 the
 
 60 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aug. the terrors of death, but their all was 
 t j^i 
 
 deflroyed, and the uncertainty of their 
 future condition imprelTed the marks of 
 dejection deeply on every countenance. 
 
 3d, We viewed fome of the hofpitals in 
 
 the town, they were all crowded with fick 
 or wounded men, women, and children,, 
 of all ages : in one of them, five carcafes 
 lay in a corner, piled one upon another ; 
 and in another place was a child lying un- 
 buried, and others dying every hour. We 
 are informed there were 13,000 troops in 
 the town at the beginning .of the liege, 
 and only 7000 marched out j the reft are 
 either dead or in the hofpitals. 
 
 4th. Provifions of every kind/are crowding 
 into the town, and it begins to afllime a 
 more cheerful afpect. 
 
 The Emperor is going to. repair the 
 town and fortifications as foon as pof- 
 iible. 
 
 5th. This day the man who ck fcrted from 
 the 1 4th regiment of foot, on the ^th-of 
 July (having been found in the town 
 when it was delivered up, and tried by a 
 
 general
 
 OF 1793. 
 
 general court martial) was hung on a tree Aug. 
 behind the Britifh encampment. 
 
 Orders ifTued to march to-morrow 
 morning at five o'clock. The French 
 having a confiderable force in or near 
 Cambray, the movement is intended 
 againft them. 
 
 This morning the heavy baggage was 6th. 
 fent off to St. Amand, and twelve tents 
 per company ordered to go with us. 
 About fix o'clock we marched, and after 
 a fatiguing journey, on account of the 
 exceffive heat of the weather, we arrived 
 at a piece of ground about fourteen miles 
 diftant, where we pitched our camp, ex- 
 cept the flank battalion, which, as an 
 advanced piquet, lodged in a village 
 about a mile diftant. 
 
 The army marched about three o'clock ;th. 
 this morning, in a direction towards the 
 fouth of Cambray. 
 
 As it was a fine open country, we were 
 under no neceflity of keeping the roads, 
 but made our own roads according to 
 
 the
 
 ft JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aug. the intended route, almoft like a fhip at 
 ^~*~ fea. 
 
 This afternoon, about the time we 
 halted, the ijth regiment of light dra- 
 goons, being on the advanced guard, fell 
 in with upwards of 200 of the enemy's 
 cavalry, which they completely routed, 
 killed feveral, and took prifoners, two 
 otlkcrs, and forty-four men, with fixteen 
 led horfes. 
 
 8th. This morning at four o'clock the army 
 was in motion, and the French having 
 retreated, we made a circuit round the 
 fouth fide of Cambray ; being within 
 view of that famous town, and encamped 
 near the village of Bourlon, in which 
 village the flank battalion was quar- 
 tered. 
 
 <jth. The army halted this day to refrefri 
 the troops. The village of Bourlon lies 
 to the weft of Cambray, about fix miles 
 diftant ; it is a delightful country, the 
 profpect- being continually diverfified, 
 with gentle rifing hills, fruitful villages, 
 ad line crops on the ground. 
 
 i About
 
 CAMPAIGN OP 1793. 6 
 
 About eight o'clock this morning the Aug. 
 army marched, fetching our circuit ^^ 
 round the north fide of Cambray, and 
 directing our courfe eaftward, we pafled 
 feveral redoubts, entrenchments, &c. of 
 the enemy, this day, fome conftrucled 
 with much art and labour. We now 
 bent our courfe towards Marchiennes, 
 and pitched near the village of Bruille. 
 
 About feven o'clock this morning the nth, 
 army was in motion, and parTing through 
 the town of Marchiennes, marched along 
 the chauflee to Orchies, near which place 
 the army encamped. 
 
 The army halted, and the heavy bag- izth. 
 gage which was fent from Valenciennes 
 to St. Amand, joined us. 
 
 Nothing extra. i 3 th. 
 
 The fiege of Dunkirk being determined 
 upon, under the command of his Royal 
 Highnefs the Duke of York, and the co- 
 vering army under the command of Ge- 
 neral Freytag, part of our army 
 marched this day on their route for that 
 fljace. 
 
 Struck
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aug. Struck our tents and marched at five 
 
 7^ o'clock this morning, patted Tournay 
 on our right, and encamped feven or 
 eight miles weft of that .place, near a 
 fmall village called Rue. 
 
 i6th. Marched about four o'clock in the 
 morning ; paffed through Lannoy (in 
 which were fome Pruflian cavalry) leav- 
 ing Doubaix on our left, and through 
 Tourcoign, near which place we en- 
 camped. The Dutch troops occupy 
 Tourcoign. 
 
 We lay this night, as we have feveral 
 nights before, without our tents, the 
 baggage not coming up. 
 
 The Auftrian light cavalry which co- 
 vered our left flank towards Lifle, this 
 day had feveral flight fkirmiihes with the 
 French. 
 
 i7th. The brigade of guards halted this day, 
 except the flank battalion, which marched 
 in the morning, paffed though Menin, 
 and encamped near a village called Ghelius, 
 with fome other corps. A remarkable 
 
 ftiower
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 65 
 
 Khower of rain fell this day, after thefe Aug. 
 troops had pafled through Menin. 
 
 The flank battalion halted, and the i8th. 
 other three battalions marching in the 
 morning, halted near Menin on their 
 arms. 
 
 The Dutch troops having been driven 
 from the port of Lincelles this day, it 
 was deemed neceffary to retake it ; upon 
 which the three battalions of the guards, 
 under the command of Major-general 
 Lake, were ordered immediately on that 
 fervice ; accordingly we marched about 
 two o'clock P. M. and about fix o'clock 
 reached the village of Lincelles, where we 
 found the enemy fhongly entrenched, and 
 well prepared for their defence. 
 
 General Lake having made the proper 
 difpofition, the attack began.. The ift 
 regiment being in front of the column, 
 began the attack, and the jd regiment 
 and Coldftream forming on their left 
 uith the utmofl celerity, the whole 
 line then rufhed in upon the enemy 
 with irreiiftible force, amidft fhowers of 
 F grape
 
 66 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aug. grape x fhot from their redoubts; and aite* 
 difcharging a volley or two of mufketry, 
 made a furious charge, accompanied with 
 a loud huzza, mounted their batteries in 
 the face of the enemy, and devoted all 
 they met with to the bayonet. 
 
 The French, who had been accuftomed 
 to the cold lifelefs attacks of the Dutch, 
 were amazed at the fpirit and intrepidity 
 of the Britifli, and not much relifhing 
 the manner of our falute, immediately 
 gave way, abandoning all that was in 
 the place, and in their flight threw away 
 both arms and accoutrements. 
 
 We took one Hand of colours, ten 
 pieces of cannon, with two pieces which 
 they had taken from the Dutch, and a 
 number of prifoners. We fuppofe the 
 number of troops .in that place to have 
 amounted to between 5 and 6000 ; our? 
 were fhort oi. 1200.
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 
 
 Tit following is a Return of our Lofs, in Killed and 
 
 Wounded. 
 
 
 Ca 
 
 pt. 
 
 Li 
 
 rll. 
 
 Ei 
 
 ii. 
 
 Se 
 
 '-.! 
 
 Dr 
 
 11. 
 
 R. 
 
 &F. 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 < 
 
 
 v. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 v: 
 
 
 S 
 
 Battalions. 
 
 Tj 
 
 | 
 
 -- 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 | 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 -- 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 a 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 i ft Regiment 
 Coldiheam 
 id Regiment. 
 
 i 
 
 J 
 i 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 . 
 
 ', 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 40 
 
 A.1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 Total 
 
 i 
 
 3 
 
 . 
 
 4 
 
 . 
 
 i 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 wj 
 
 Lieutenant-colonel Bofville of the 
 Coldftream was killed, a man of an 
 amiable difpofition, much regretted by 
 all who knew him. 
 
 About ten o'clock at night our troops 
 having left off the purfuit, all was quiet; 
 and the $36. and I4th regiments, with 
 fome Heflian infantry, coming to relieve 
 us, we marched back to our former 
 ground near Men in, which we reached 
 about three o'clock in the morning, much 
 fatigued. 
 
 F 2 The 
 
 Aug. 
 i8th.
 
 68 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aug. The troops halted this day, and the 
 1 9th. l ate Lieutenant-colonel Bofville was bu- 
 ried; and alfo Lieutenant Depoifter of 
 the royal artillery, attached to the 3d re- 
 giment, who was killed yefterday. 
 
 Marched about five o'clock this morn- 
 ing, and in our route patted through the 
 fmall, but ftrong town of Ypres, and 
 encamped near a fmall village called 
 Boefinghe. The brigade of guards lay in 
 an orchard very pleafantly fituated. 
 
 At four in the morning the army was 
 in motion, and in our route pafled 
 through Fumes, near which town we 
 encamped . 
 
 aid. About four o'clock in the afternoon we 
 marched towards Dunkirk : at the fame 
 time the French camp at Gyvelde, which 
 covered Dunkirk, was attacked, and 
 forced ; as alfo feveral batteries they had 
 creeled in the road by the fide of the 
 canal, from thence to Dunkirk. 
 
 We lay upon our arms among the fand 
 hills, near Gyvelde, all night, which 
 was exceilive cold. Some of the foldiers 
 
 obferving
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 69 
 
 obfcrving a barn not far off, ibon dif- Aug. 
 lodged fome of the ftraw, wheat, bar- 
 ley, &c. that was in it, to cover them- 
 felves with. 
 
 As foon as it was light, we marched *3^ 
 towards Dunkirk in feveral columns; 
 the guards marched through the village 
 of Gy velde, where the French camp had 
 been, and along the dyke on the fide of 
 the Furnes canal ; the Auftrians on the 
 right toward the fea; the Hanoverians, 
 Hefiians, &c. on the left towards fort 
 Louis, &c. which fort, after a fevere 
 engagement, the Hanoverians took pof- 
 feflion of. 
 
 The Auftrians began cannonading fome 
 batteries the French had erected on the 
 land-hills, to oppofe them, and drove 
 them back near the town. Our column 
 met with no oppoiition this day, but 
 marched quietly along the fide of the 
 canal, to within about two miles and a 
 half, or three miles of Dunkirk. The 
 three battalions of the guards encamped 
 about a mile to the left of the canal, and 
 F 3 the
 
 7O JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aug. the flank battalion encamped in a large 
 field on the right, along with the brigade 
 of the line, &c. 
 
 The country people almoft all left 
 their houfes to the mercy of the army, 
 "who made free with what provifions they 
 could find, fuch as bread, pigs, poultry, 
 &c. As we came up the fide of the ca- 
 nal, we faw dead men and horfes, 
 which had been killed 'in the action -the 
 
 nigqr before. 
 
 
 There is a very high tower on Dim- 
 kirk, from the top of which they can fee 
 -all the country round, and which will 
 perhaps prove prejudicial to us, as from 
 thence they may obfeive all our move- 
 ments. 
 
 4th. general attack was made on the ene- 
 
 my's oiit-pofts. The flank battalion 
 advanced through a large track of garden 
 ground, and other inclofures, furrounded 
 with deep ditches full of water, and ftrong 
 double hedges, through which they 
 forced their way with their ufual intrepi- 
 dity, obliging the enemy to retreat back 
 
 to
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 7 l 
 
 to the town with precipitation. We fuf- Aug. 
 fered ve'fy little from their mufketiy, be- 
 caufe they never attempted tq difpute the 
 ground with us, but kept firing apd re- 
 treating ; but they" were no fooncr got 
 un'der cover of their own guns, than they 
 began 'to open upon us with both grape 
 and round ihot'; and although the hedges, 
 &c. covered us pretty well from their 
 fight, they could not defend us from 
 their {hot, and in our retreat to a.corwe- 
 U cover, we fuffered conii-ierably ^ 
 both in killed and \younded. The three 
 
 us did not advance., but flood i 
 
 _ 
 
 _, at ; convenient" diftance. 
 
 The two guns attached to the flank 
 
 . . . 
 
 battalion did infinite execution, among the 
 
 French infantry as they retreated: having 1 
 
 
 
 got' the command of a certain fpot over 
 wliich the ericiny muft pafs, they cut 
 
 * 
 
 them down by platoons at a time ; but 
 they fuftcred f_vcrely for their bravery i 
 two "pieces of cannpn which the French 
 had brought to bear upon them, played 
 with unremitting activity, and before 
 F 4 ni-L;
 
 2 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aug. night there were but two artillery men of 
 ""*"* both the guns that was not either killed 
 or wounded. 
 
 Among the (lain this day was Lieu- 
 tenant-colonel Eld, Captain of the Cold- 
 ftream light company, of whom he was 
 remarkably fond, but had never feen 
 their courage triecj till this day, and 
 while in the act of encouraging and praif- 
 ing them for their cool and fteady valour, 
 \vas fhot through the heart with a cannon 
 ball. Thus fell a brave and experienced 
 officer, lamented by all who knew him. 
 
 Lieutenant-general Dalton, a brave of- 
 ficer in the Auftrian fervice, was alfo 
 killed, and Captain Williams of the flank 
 battalion was wounded, and about forty 
 rank and file killed and wounded. 
 a^th. The (iege of Dunkirk cannot be car- 
 ried on by trenches, &c. as that of Va- 
 lenciennes, on account of the lowncfs of 
 the ground, interfered with deep ditches, 
 which they can inundate at pleafure, 
 therefore a chain of redoubts is begun,, 
 
 o 
 
 con-
 
 CAMPAIGN or 1793. 73 
 
 constructed with gabions, fafcines, c. Aug. 
 with communications between. 
 
 The flank battalion changed its poll- 6th. 
 tion, and encamped near the reft of the 
 brigade ; feveral other changes of fitua- 
 tion took place in the line. 
 
 A great deal of heavy artillery is arrived *;th. 
 from Oftend by the canal. The enemy 
 remain very quiet, and our work goes on 
 \vith the greateft activity. 
 
 Ten twenty- four pounders were landed aSth. 
 this day, with fhot, fhells, &c. Nu- 
 merous detachments at work in every 
 quarter, making fafcines, gabions, &c. 
 
 Tfc J&ritiih ihipping which were ex- 
 pected here as foon as the army, is not 
 yet in fight, while the enemy have two 
 Yrigates and other veffels cruifing about 
 the mouth of the port. 
 
 The enemy made a defperate fortie this Sept. 
 afternoon, chiefly on our right flank to- 
 wards the fea. The Aultrians, with our 
 brigade of the line, artillery, &c. flood a 
 moil fevere conflid, and at laft obliged 
 them to retire with -great lofs. Our lofs 
 
 was
 
 74 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Sept. was alfo very confiderable, and unfortu* 
 
 C_ j 
 
 nately among the killed was that brave 
 officer and able engineer, Colonel Mon- 
 crief, 
 
 yth. The continual rainy weather, and the 
 inundation together, has filled all the 
 ditches and other low places with water, fo 
 that we can hardly pafs from one place to 
 another without fwimmihg; a great 
 deal of the camp ground was alfo over- 
 flowed, 
 
 *th. General Freytag, whofe' corps covers 
 the fiege of this place, was attacked yef- 
 terday, and to-day, with a force fo fupe- 
 riot, as to be obliged to retreat to Hondf-. 
 choote, which neceffarily conft rained his 
 Royal Highnefs the Duke of York (o raife 
 the fiege with precipitation. 
 
 Accordingly aboirt eleven o'clock at 
 night, having ftruck our tents, loaded 
 the baggage, &c. we began our march > 
 fending ofF the baggage firft,' but for want 
 ofhorfes, and the fhortne'fs of the time, 
 were obliged to leave about thirty pitces of 
 heavy artillery behind. We marched all 
 
 night.
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 7$ 
 
 flight, and in the morning arrived at Sept. 
 Furnes, and halted on the ground we 
 formerly occupied ; but a great deal of 
 our baggage was loft, owing to the dark- 
 nefs of the ni^ht, and the heavy fandy 
 roads through which it had to pafs. 
 
 Halted on our former ground without 9tb. 
 tents, our baggage riot being unloaded. 
 
 The flank battalion, with fome light ioth, 
 cavalry, moved off this evening, and 
 after marching fome miles towards Loo, 
 halted a few hours, and then returned 
 back near Furnes, where we found fome 
 of the other battalions alfo in motion j we 
 formed together in a field eaft of the 
 town, in a kind of irregular column, 
 there we refted till day -light next morn r 
 ing. r 
 
 CrofTed a few fields eaft ward, and nth, 
 halted this day, but no tents, the bag- 
 gage being fent off towards Oftend. 
 
 Marched about three o'clock this morn- i2th, 
 ing, taking our route by Aven Capelle, 
 to Dixmuyde, near which town we halted. 
 
 Halte4
 
 76 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Sept: Halted this day to reft the troops ; the 
 baggage arrived from Oftend, but we did 
 not pitch our tents. 
 
 Marched about two in the morning ; 
 on our route the i9th, 57th, and three 
 companies of the 42d regiment joined 
 us, having landed at Oftend that morn- 
 ing; we halted that night, (for it was 
 night before we reached the place,) along 
 the fide of the high road, near Thorout ; 
 drelTed feme victuals, chiefly potatoes, 
 as many of us lay among them, and be- 
 took ourfelves to reft without our tents. 
 About five o'clock this morning we 
 were under arms, and marched towards 
 Roufelaire, a handfome town on the 
 Mundel river, we paffed through it, and 
 halted about two miles fouthwards to- 
 wards Menin ; it rained very much this 
 night. 
 
 i6th. At three o'clock this afternoon we ar- 
 rived near Men in, and pitched our camp 
 on the fame ground we occupied before, 
 on the j 8th of Auguft. 
 
 Menin
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 77 
 
 Menin is a very unfortunate town, the Sept. 
 Dutch troops being left to defend it, on ""*"" 
 our going to Dunkirk, the French drove 
 them out, and plundered the town ; they 
 had formed a camp out fide the town, but 
 retreated on our approach. 
 
 Remained in camp, the weather very i?thr 
 wet. 
 
 Changed the pofition of our camp, 3<L. 
 about a mile farther back, in order to take 
 the advantage of a piece of dry ground, 
 which is a very good fituation ; a fmall 
 brook runs along the front of the camp, 
 which makes it both pleafant and conve- 
 nient. 
 
 The enemy are in confiderable force *4 <h 
 about Worwick, Commines, &c. and 
 our out-pofts extend to Hallian, Albeke, 
 &c. : feveral fkirmimes take place, but 
 none as yet of any confequence. 
 
 The i ft battalion ift regiment having *$th. 
 loft all their tents in the retreat from Dun- 
 kirk, are now cantoned in a fmall village 
 behind Menin. 
 
 On
 
 78 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Sept. On account of the cold and wetnefs 
 
 26th. f the weather, his Royal Highnefs has 
 been pleafed to order a quantity of rum 
 to be given every day to each man. 
 
 We alfo have begun to thatch our 
 tents, or rather to make huts ; which de- 
 fend us much better from the cold. This 
 camp is better fupplied with every necef- 
 fary article, fuch as butter, cheefe, milk, 
 &c. than any we have yet feen, and at 
 very reafonable prices. 
 
 Oft. The. brigade of guards, with feveral 
 
 ioth> other corps, marched at five o'clock this 
 morning, and pafling through Menin 
 and Courtray arrived at Peck, a village 
 on the Courtray road, about feven miles 
 from Tournay, where we were quartered, 
 and in the adjacent places. 
 
 nth. Marched about five o'clock in the 
 morning, and encamped in the afternoon 
 on the plain of Cyfoign, near Camphin. 
 
 32th. Halted. 
 
 i3 th - Ditto. 
 
 Marched about two o'clock in the af- 
 ternoon, and after a very fatiguing jour- 
 ney
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 179.3. ? 
 
 ney -reached St. Amand about ten at night, oa. 
 Lay in the old monaflery. 
 
 About feven in the morning we left i s th* 
 St. Amand, and in our route parted clofe 
 under the walls of Valenciennes ; the 
 trenches are all filled up, and the works 
 of the town much repaired. 
 
 Encamped on the heights near the 
 village of Soultain. 
 
 Marched at eight o'clock this morning, i6th. 
 and parTed clofe under the walls of Quef- 
 noy, which furrendered to General Clair- 
 fait on the 1 1 th of September laft, after 
 a mort fiege ; it is a handfome compact 
 town, well fortified, and ftands on a 
 commanding eminence, with a fine open 
 country around it. 
 
 We encamped this evening at Engle- 
 fontaine, about half way between Quef- 
 noy and Landrecy. Our brigade occu- 
 pied fome huts which had been creeled 
 by fome part of our army, who were 
 now removed to another quarter. 
 
 This day and yefterday the French 
 made a violent attack on General Clair- 
 
 fait,
 
 JOURNAL OF 
 
 fait, who covered the fiege of Maubeuge* 
 On the former day they were defeated* 
 but on the fecond they fucceeded in cut- 
 ting off his communication with the be- 
 .fieging army, which obliged the Prince of 
 Cobourg to relinquish his undertaking. 
 
 It is, however, a fingular circumflance, 
 that notwithstanding the iflue proved un- 
 favourable, twenty-two pieces of cannon 
 and two howitzers were taken by the 
 Auftrians in thofe two days without any 
 being loft by them. 
 
 This circumftance, perhaps, made it 
 unneceflary for us to proceed any further 
 on our prefent route. 
 
 i-ftli. Halted at Englefontaine, 
 
 i9th. Received the news *in our camp, that 
 the Pruflians under General Wurmfer 
 had forced the ftrong lines of WeifTem* 
 bourg, and obtained a moft complete vic- 
 tory over the French. 
 
 *oth. This day, in confequence of the above 
 vi&ory, the Britifh troops fired a feu-de- 
 joie. 
 
 Our
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. . 8-1 
 
 Our troops are formed under arms an Oft. 
 hour before day break every morning, in 
 readinefs, if the enemy fhould make an 
 attack. 
 
 Received orders this morning to be in z^d. 
 readinefs to march at two o'clock P. M. 
 accordingly about three, we marched 
 back the fame road we came, pafling 
 <3uefnoy, and encamped in the plain near 
 Valenciennes ; it froze hard, and the cold 
 this night- was exceflive fevere. 
 
 At four o'clock this morning we were 24th. 
 under arms, and again pafled under the 
 walls of Valenciennes, but were not fuf- 
 fered to march through the town. 
 
 All hands are employed in repairing the 
 works, and the inhabitants have begun to 
 rebuild the defolated village of Marl is, 
 which was burnt at the commencement 
 of the fiege on the 26th of June laft. 
 
 We repaired through St. Amand, and 
 encamped on the hill of Maulde. 
 
 About three in the morning we marched 2$th. 
 from the camp at Maulde, towards Tour- 
 nay, and leaving it on our right, encamp- 
 G ed
 
 82 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 ed about three miles diftant, on the Or- 
 chies road. 
 
 Halted there ; wet ftormy weather. 
 
 Removed, and pitched our camp near 
 our former ground, on the plains of Cy- 
 foign . 
 
 a8th. About eleven o'clock, the flank batta- 
 lion and 3d regiment of guards, with 
 fome fqnadrons of the i5th light dra- 
 goons, two howitzers, and four field 
 pieces, were ordered to march immedi- 
 ately, in order to attack the enemy, who 
 were flrongly ported in the village of 
 Lannoy, about fix miles from our camp : 
 about twelve o'clock we marched, and on 
 arriving there, the artillery advanced, co- 
 vered by the infantry, and commenced a 
 brifk cannonade on the enemy, which 
 continued upwards of two hours, and 
 was anfwered by the French ; but find- 
 ing it too hot for them, they abandoned 
 the village, which General Abercrombie, 
 who commanded, perceiving, ordered the 
 light cavalry to purfue them, which they 
 did, with a fjpirit and activity peculiar to 
 
 them- 
 
 -
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 83 
 
 themfelves ; killed about fifty, and oa. 
 brought back near 100 prifoners, among a g t h. 
 whom were feveral officers. 
 
 Captain Sutherland, of the royal mili- 
 tary artificers, riding acrofs an avenue, 
 where fome guns of the enemy pointed, 
 received a mortal wound by a cannon 
 ball in the thigh, of which he died in a 
 few minutes after. 
 
 Captain Thornton of the royal artil- 
 lery, attached to the flanked battalion, 
 received a wound by which he loft his 
 arm. 
 
 Lieutenant Rutherford of the artificers 
 received a wound from the enemy, and 
 then was cut in the head by one of our 
 own dragoons, miftaking him for a 
 French officer, he having a great coat over 
 his regimentals ; two of the ^d regiment 
 were wounded, one of which foon died ; 
 two or three of the light cavalry were kil- 
 led or wounded. 
 
 By the report of the prifoners, there 
 were about 1 600 hundred in the village 
 when the action began. 
 
 G 2 About
 
 4 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 oa. About one o'clock next morning we re- 
 turned home to our camp. 
 
 One of the Auftrian battalions of Starry 
 fuppbrted our left flank j and though all 
 the troops behaved with the greateft bra- 
 very, yet the artillery deferve to be parti- 
 cularly -diftinguifhed, for they worked 
 their guns with amazing activity and 
 judgment, and although not half the 
 number, proved an overmatch for the 
 French, who, notwithstanding, are in 
 general good artillery-men. 
 
 29th. Nothing extra. 
 
 "oth. This day the town of Marchiennes was 
 flu-prized and taken by a party of the 
 A-uitrians, and the whole of the troops 
 that were there, taken prifoners ; they 
 con filled of about 300 cavalry, and i 200 
 infantry, and were brought here to head 
 quarters . 
 
 jft. -A number of prifoners were brought in 
 this day alfo from the advanced potts. 
 
 Nov> Seldom a day palles but fome prifoners 
 
 3 d - are brought irk from one quarter or ano- 
 ther. 
 
 The
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1793. 8 
 
 The weather continues to be very wet Nov. 
 and cold, and the ground we lie upon is 
 very foft and dirty, in confequence of 
 which his Royal Highnefs has ordered an 
 additional quantity of wood. to be ilTued 
 out to the men ; and alfo a quantity of li- 
 quor, which not a little contributes to 
 preferve the health and fpirits of the 
 troops, 
 
 At nine o'clock this morning we flruck gtli. 
 our tents once more, being the twenty- 
 fourth and laft time this campaign, and 
 marched into Tournay, and were con- 
 dueled to that exrenfive range of barracks, 
 on the north fide of the river, which we 
 found much more comfortable than our 
 late fltuation. 
 
 Thus our brigade ended a campaign in 
 which we have conftantly (except at 
 Dunkirk) been crowned with fuccefs j 
 and the failure in that one inftance was 
 moil evidently neither owing to want of 
 courage in the troops engaged in it, nor 
 ability in our royal commander, but to a 
 combination of events y and difapppint- 
 G 3 merits
 
 86 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Nov. ments which it is not my province to in- 
 veftigate. 
 
 All the army are not reftored to quar- 
 ters, but are chiefly cantoned along the 
 frontier, where they can moft conveniently 
 watch the enemy's motions. 
 
 44th. Nothing material occurred with us, 
 until the 24th inftant, when all the troops 
 here afiembled on the efplanade, and 
 fired a feu-de-joie on the news of Fort 
 Louis, on the Rhine, having furrendered 
 to General Wurmfer on the 1 4th inftant. 
 In it 4000 men, and 1 1 2 pieces of ord- 
 nance were taken, with a very large quan- 
 tity of ftores, &c. 
 
 Dec. Nothing worth notice has happened, 
 n * except the frequent arrival of French pri- 
 foners from the out-pofts. 
 
 The brigade of guards, with feveral 
 regiments of heavy cavalry, are ordered 
 to Ghent for the winter. The brigade 
 of the line, and light cavalry, with fe- 
 veral other corps, remain under the com- 
 mand of General Abercombie, on the 
 out-potts. 
 
 This
 
 CAMPAIGN OF J793 $ 
 
 This morning at eight o'clock the Dec. 
 brigade of guards, with fome regi- 24t h. 
 ments of cavalry, marched from Tour- 
 nay, and were quartered this night at a 
 number of fmall villages, viz. Avelghom, 
 Heftert, Waermaerde, &c. we were or- 
 dered to march at feven o'clock next 
 morning. 
 
 Marched at feven o'clock, and in our i$th. 
 route pan^d clofe by Oudenarde, and were 
 quartered as lafl night at Heurne, Ou- 
 weghem, &c. 
 
 Marched at eight in the morning, and i6th. 
 arrived at Ghent about two o'clock, 
 P. M. and were conducted to the different 
 barracks provided for us, viz. the Cold- 
 ftream and 3d regiment battalions to St. 
 Peter's barracks, near St. Peter's church; 
 the flank battalion and ill regiment to 
 temporary barracks, creeled in a large 
 building, formerly a nunnery, fituated 
 near the fide of the Bruges canal. 
 
 The duty here is regular, and fur- 
 
 nifhed by the four battalions of guards in 
 
 rotation. Two battalions are under arms 
 
 G 4 on
 
 SB JQUkNAL OF THE 
 
 Dec. on the grand place every morning, viz. 
 the battalion that furnilh.es the guards, 
 and the next in rotation, which falls in 
 behind the former in readinefs. 
 
 The town-major makes up the differ- 
 ent guards, and regulates the duty ; after 
 whicli the field officer for the day marches 
 off the guards, who, with the battalion 
 in waiting, marches by divifions and 
 open ranks pad the commander in chief, 
 preceded by three piquets of cavalry, 
 which relieve daily. 
 
 1794- This day the troops here, coniifting of 
 i8th. cavalry, infantry, and the artillery at- 
 tached to them, were drawn up on the 
 banks of the caaal leading to Bruges, and 
 fired a feu-de-joie in honour of her Ma- 
 jefty's birth day. The artillery fired a 
 royal falute of twenty-four guns; the ca- 
 valry difcharged their piflols, and the 
 whole exhibited a very fine appear- 
 ance. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs invited the of- 
 ficers and gentry of the town to an enter- 
 tainment in the evening. 
 
 Tht
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 The froft fets in very fevere, but we 
 are fupplied with plenty of fuel. There 
 have been repeated orders given concern- 
 ing the proviiion and regulation of batt 
 horfes for the enfuing campaign. 
 
 Several donation articles from our agtlu 
 friends in England have been delivered 
 out to us, which are very acceptable at 
 this feafon ; fuch as cloth trowfers, 
 flannel waiftcoats, gloves, night-caps, 
 focks, (lockings, and two pair of fhoes 
 for each man. 
 
 In confequence of his Majefty's com- Feb. 
 mands, his Royal Highnefs the com- 
 mander in chief fets of} for London. 
 
 The command of the Britifh troops 
 devolves on Lieutenant-general Sir Wil- 
 liam Erfldne, during the abfence of. his 
 Royal Highnefs. 
 
 Lieutenant-general Sir William EHkine gth. 
 in this day's orders announced to the 
 troops the fafe arrival of his Royal High- 
 nefs the Duke of York in England. 
 
 Eight fquadrons of cavalry under the ioth. 
 command of Lieutenant-colonel Stavely, 
 2 with
 
 90 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Feb. with a field officer to each four fqua- 
 dpons, were ordered to be ready to march 
 at the ihorteft notice, and to take three 
 days bread and forage with them. 
 
 Our brigade was allb ordered to be in 
 readinefs to march at the fhorteft notice, 
 and each man to be furnilhed with fixty 
 rounds of ammunition. 
 
 Likewife the different battalion guns, 
 with eight pieces of cannon in referve. 
 
 The fignal for the troops alTembling 
 was to be three guns fired from the grand 
 parade. 
 
 During the abfence of the troops under 
 orders for marching, the main guard, and 
 the prifoners guard were to be taken by 
 fuch of the cavalry and artillery as re- 
 mained behind. 
 
 All this was on account of fome threat- 
 ening appearance of the enemy, but as 
 they made no farther attempt, our prepa- 
 ration was confequently dropt. 
 i5th. This day a detachment from the bri- 
 gade of guards, confiding of 800 men, 
 with four twelve pounders, and two ho- 
 witzers,
 
 CAMPAIGN Of 1794. 
 
 witzers, were ordered to march to-mor- 
 row morning at nine o'clock towards 
 Courtray, and to put themfelves under 
 the command of General Abercrombie. 
 The detachment had orders to take three 
 days bread and forage with them, with 
 their camp equipage. 
 
 The above detachment to be com- 
 manded by Colonel Drummond of the ifl 
 guards, &c. 
 
 The detachments marched as ordered, i6tlu 
 and on the i8th arrived at Courtray, 
 where they were lodged in the barracks. 
 
 Part of the detachment relieved the 1m- otb. 
 perial troops at the pofts of Marke, Lowe, 
 Albeck, &c. This relief confifted of 
 about 400 men. 
 
 Our advanced ports at prefent reach 
 from Menin eaflward, by Hollingham, 
 Tourcoign, Rubaix, Lannoy, to Cy- 
 foign. 
 
 The Britifh troops in Courtray con fift 
 of the detachments from the brigade of 
 guards, the 37th regiment of foot, two 
 regiments of light cavalry, viz. the ^th 
 
 and
 
 92 JOURMAL OF THE 
 
 Feb. and ijjth, with fcvcral battalions of the 
 foreign -troops. 
 
 24th. 1 This- afternoon a body of French ca- 
 valry, ta appearance about 2OO r advanced 
 on our piquets Rationed on the Lifle 
 great road, but upon our patroles falling 
 back they retired. 
 
 The French have broke up the pave- 
 ment of the road leading to Lifle, and 
 alfo cut the trees down and laid them 
 acrofs it. 
 
 The whole brigade now arrived at 
 Courtray from Ghent, with the other 
 troops, &c. 
 
 March. This morning about half pafl fix 
 o'clock, a heavy cannonade commenced 
 towards Werwick and l^incelles, which 
 two places the allied troops from Menin 
 attacked and drove the French out of 
 them. About ten o'clock the firing 
 ceafed. 
 
 2d - Nothing extra. 
 
 Our advanced ports are relieved every 
 four days from the grand piquet at 
 
 Marke,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. #j 
 
 Ivlarke, and the whole from Court ray .March, 
 every fixteen days. 
 
 Several movements took place among 8th. 
 the troops, in changing their (lations, &c. 
 This afternoon a detachment from the 
 brigade of guards, of 300 men, marched 
 from Courtray, under the command of A 
 field officer, in order to fupport the Hef- 
 fians, fliould they have been attacked, 
 they having advanced their main piquet ' 
 from Marke to Lamve. 
 
 A draught from England of 750 men 9 th. 
 joined the brigade of guards this day, pre- 
 paratory to the enfuing campaign. 
 
 This morning a heavy firing was heard IIth * 
 towards Lincelles and Werwick, which 
 proved to be an attempt the enemy had 
 made on our advanced pofls, under the 
 cover of the darknefs ofmhe morning. 
 They obliged our poftwto retire, but 
 were repulfed afterwards, with very fmall 
 lofs. 
 
 Some firing of mufketry this morning xath. 
 at the advanced pofts. : 
 
 The
 
 94 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 March. The detachment at Marke was relieved 
 " ' h/ by another of the fame ftrength from 
 the brigade guards. Major-general Lake 
 arrived at Courtray this day. 
 i8th. This afternoon a French HiuTar deferted 
 to us, and brought with him his horfe, 
 arms, and accoutrements. 
 
 Every preparation is making for open- 
 ing the campaign. 
 
 *d. All the heavy baggage, fpare tents, 
 and every thing not abfoiutely neceflary 
 for our ufe, was fent back to Ghent, 
 and a ferjeant of each battalion appointed 
 to take charge of it. 
 
 Several lick men who are not able to 
 march are alfo fent along with it. 
 a6th. We began our march towards the open- 
 ing- of the campaign, about (even o'clock 
 in the morning, and marched to the vil- 
 lage of Peck, when the army halted and 
 was quartered in the neighbouring farms 
 and villages. 
 
 7th. Marched about fix o'clock from the 
 
 village of Peck, and paffing through 
 
 Tournay, reached St. Amand about four 
 
 I o'clock
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 9 
 
 o'clock in the afternoon, when the ift March, 
 and 3d regiments were lodged in the con- i?th> 
 vent ; the flank battalion of Coldftream 
 was quartered in the neighbouring vil- 
 lages, but removed into the town of St. 
 Amand a few days after, and quartered 
 there. 
 
 This ancient town has no very fine ap- 
 pearance in itfelf, although the fituation 
 is very pleafant, on the river Scarpe, 
 which winds flovvly through the neigh- 
 bouring woods and meadows, and falls 
 into the Scheldt near the hill of Maulde. 
 
 The church is the principal curiofity 
 in it, being a {lately building, with a lofty 
 fteeple of very curious architecture, but 
 now neglected and falling into decay, be- 
 ing ufed for a magazine for hay, corn, 
 &c. for the army. The convent adjoin- 
 ing is alfo a fpacious building, and in 
 the days of its profperity has had few 
 equals, but is now totally neglected. 
 Here the army are lodged upon all 
 emergencies in palling through, there 
 
 being
 
 96 JO.URNAL OF THE 
 
 March, being fuflicient room in the fpacious 
 
 O 1 
 
 =*Sh? apartments and galleries for one thouiand 
 men. 
 
 How would the bigots of fuperftition, 
 -in former days, have thupdered forth their 
 
 anathemas againft him who durft pollute 
 t;) * 
 
 their holy place in fuch a manner, whilfr. 
 they, under the veil of fanclity, polluted 
 it far worfe with their luitful abomina- 
 tions, with the beautiful but deluded 
 daughters of their country. Upon -the 
 .whole, the church and' convent being 
 joined in one, has an appearance of awful 
 grandeur, and looks 
 
 " Majeftic tho' in ruins." 
 
 Near the church is a fmall market- 
 place, with a fountain in the middle of 
 it. They have lately built a church of 
 brick, in a plain modern taile, the w r alls 
 of which bear, the marks of the French 
 cannon, when they were driven out by 
 the General Clairfait laft year. Several 
 of the houfes in the ftreet leading to Va- 
 lenciennes gate, aje entirely demolifhed 
 
 by
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794- 97 
 
 by them, as they generally endeavoured March, 
 to deftroy what they could not poffefs. 
 
 The foldiers of the brigade of guards, 3 oth> 
 who were prefent in the glorious action 
 at Linceltes, the iBth of Auguft, 1793, 
 received a reward for their gallantry on 
 that occasion ; it was paid in the follow- 
 ing proportion, viz. 
 
 * * 
 
 A ferjeant - i I o 
 
 A corporal . - -0143 
 
 A drummer and private foldier, 
 
 each 099 
 
 His Royal Highncfs the commander 
 in chief having previoufly ordered a 
 board of general officers to aflemble, in 
 order to confider of and determine a com- 
 penfation to be made to the officers, non- 
 commiffion officers, and foldiers of the 
 Britiih army, for the loiTes fuftained in 
 the retreat from Dunkirk laft year. The 
 board having come to a determination, 
 and his Royal Highncfs approved of it, 
 the following fums were paid to thole 
 entitled to receive them, proper certi- 
 H fied
 
 ?S JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 March, fied returns having been previoufly given 
 
 3 oth. V -yiz- 
 
 . s. d. 
 
 Colonel (B^ge , 'J 
 
 [ Camp equipage . 80 o o 
 
 Field Oflicer luggage . .1000 
 
 [ Camp equipage . 60 o o 
 
 Captain '**?>&& . 80 o o 
 
 [Camp equipage . 35 o o 
 
 Subaltern . 
 
 Camp equipage 
 
 Quart. Matter { * 
 
 [ Camp equipage . 27 10 o 
 
 The above is the allowance made for the 
 whole, and fo in proportion for any part of it. 
 
 A ferjeant of infantry for the whole of his ne- 
 
 ceflaries , . . . . 2 10 O 
 
 For. three-quarters ditto . . . i 17 6 
 
 and fo on in proportion. 
 
 A private foldier, whole . . . z a q 
 
 For three-quarters . . . . i u 6 
 
 For one-half . . . . i i o 
 
 For one-fourth . . . . .0106 
 
 The ferjeants and privates of the ca- 
 valry were allowed a trifle more than the 
 infantry ; and an officer's fervant, for 
 the whole of his neceilaries, ..3, and fo 
 in proportion for any part of it. 
 
 There are alfo new tents of a round 
 
 form, and fuperior quality to the old 
 
 2 ones,
 
 CAMPAIGN Of 1794. 
 
 ones, each tent is to contain fixteen men ; 
 alfo new kettles, two to each tent, with 
 a horfeper company to carry them, which 
 is a great convenience to the foldiers, no- 
 thing being more irkfbme on a long 
 march than carrying a kettle. 
 
 A general court martial fat here on a 
 foldier of the 24th regiment of foot, ac- 
 cufed of murdering an inhabitant of the 
 country, a man dwelling at a fmall dif- 
 tance from here, on the banks of the 
 Scarce. But though there was no reafon 
 to doubt his being guilty, the court could 
 not find themfelves juftified'in condem- 
 ning him to fuffer death ; but fentenced 
 him a thoufand lafhes. 
 
 In this inftance, as well as many others 
 of late, juftice loudly calls for fome fin- 
 gular example; for notwithftanding re- 
 peated orders, and fevere threatenings, 
 time after time, pillaging, and lawlefs 
 depredations are ftill practifed in fome 
 part of the army or other. 
 
 H a His
 
 IOO JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April. His Royal Highnefs informed the army 
 of the above affair in the following man* 
 ner in public orders : 
 
 Head Quarters, St. Amand, 31 ft March, 1794. 
 
 Parole Stanijlaus. 
 
 * IT is with the utmoft concern that 
 the commander in chief announces to 
 the army, that he has received a report 
 that three Britifh foldiers, drefled in great 
 coats, and with leather caps on, iimilar 
 to thofe worn by the light infantry, went 
 yefterday into a houfe, in the village of 
 Warlem, which they plundered, and on 
 the owner remonftrating with them, and 
 faying he would complain to the Gene- 
 ral, one of the men drew a piftol and 
 ihot him ; the man died of his wounds 
 this morning. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs is convinced, 
 tliat it is not neceilary for him to make 
 any obfervation on^a conduct fo atrocious 
 and disgraceful,- to induce all perfons un- 
 der his command to ufe their utmoft ef- 
 forts to detecT; and bring to punifhment 
 
 the
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. IQ1 
 
 the perpetrators of this act : he, how- April, 
 ever, thinks proper to promife a reward 
 of thirty guineas to any perfon who can 
 give fuch information as will lead to a 
 difcovery ; and if it is a foldier who 
 gives fuch information, he will receive 
 his difcharge mould he require it. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs is pleafed fur- 
 ther to offer the fame terms, together with 
 a free pardon to either of the men con- 
 cerned, who will turn King's evidence, 
 and profecute to conviction ; with an ex- 
 ception only to the actual perpetrator of 
 the murder." 
 
 Thefe orders to be read at the head of 
 every troop and company, at roll-call, 
 two fucceflive days. 
 
 Each man was alfo furnifhed by the 
 Duke's recommendation, at the ex pen fe 
 of our friends in England, with a great 
 coat of flrong grey cloth, made after the 
 Auftrian fafliion, which proves of infinite 
 fervice to us, both on duty and off. 
 
 H 3 This
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Aprjj. This <fay a general movement took 
 9th. place in the army, which took up can- 
 tonments at Famars, and the villages 
 and places adjacent. 
 
 The brigade of guards marched to St. 
 Leger, a ftraggling village on the river 
 Scheldt, above Valenciennes, where we 
 took up quarters for this night. 
 
 ioth. Faffed the Scheldt at Frith, with a 
 number of other corps, and marched to 
 Vendegjes fur 1'Ecaillon, a remarkable 
 dirty {haggling village, where we re- 
 mained cantoned till every thing was pre- 
 pared and ready for the field. 
 
 Yeflerday two foldiers of the I4th regi- 
 ment of foot, following up their ufual 
 practice of plundering the poor inhabi- 
 tants, entered a houfe, and on the people 
 attempting to make fome refiftance in de- 
 fence of their little all, the villains, with 
 unfeeling barbarity, murdered the mo- 
 ther, and wounded her infant in fuch a 
 manner that it died foon after. 
 
 The
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 The following is his Royal Highriefs's April 
 addrefs to the army upon the occafiori : 
 
 Fnmars, April loth, 1794. 
 
 Parole Bernardino. 
 
 " HIS Royal Highnefs the com- 
 mander in chief earnestly requefts, that 
 the general and field officers, captains, 
 and officers commanding companies, will 
 take pains to explain to the men of the 
 army under their command, the follow^ 
 ingjDrder, addrefled in a particular man- 
 ner to the private men of the army :'* 
 
 " HIS Royal Highnefs feels it to be 
 unnecefTary that he mould feek for any 
 other than the plainefl and molt direct 
 language, to Convey to them the fenti- 
 ments under the impreflion of which it 
 was dictated. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs therefore an- 
 nounces his full determination, to exert 
 every effort of feverity and ligour, to put 
 a flop to the fcenes of plunder and out- 
 rage, of which fo many instances have 
 H 4
 
 IO4 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, lately occurred, to the difhonour of the 
 Britifh army. 
 
 " Major-general Abercrombie report- 
 ed yefterday to his Royal Highnefs, that 
 two men of the i4th regiment had, du- 
 ring the preceding evening, attempted to 
 rob the houfe of a countryman, that in 
 the courfe of the attempt, they had mur- 
 dered the woman of the houfe, and that 
 a child had alfo been fo much wounded, 
 that there was little hopes of its living. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs leaves it to 
 thofe amongft the clafs of his brother fol- 
 diers, whom he now addreffes, and in 
 whofe minds there exift thofe principles 
 of honour and integrity, which can alone 
 render them worthy the appeal, and 
 which he truils and believes is by far the 
 greater number of them, to judge of the 
 feelings which muft have forced them- 
 felves upon his mind, at receiving a re- 
 port of an ad: fo atrocious and inhuman 
 in its nature, and fo well calculated to 
 cart the moil injurious ftigma on the na- 
 tional character in general, and that of 
 I the
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. IO 
 
 the army under his immediate command April. 
 in particular. I0liu 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs is perfuaded, 
 that there can be but one fentiment of de- 
 teftation and horror upon the occafion, 
 and he .relies fo much upon this convic- 
 tion, that he forbears, as unnecefTary, to 
 make any further obfervations upon it. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs feels himfelf 
 called upon, -by every tie of juftice, hu- 
 manity, and duty, to punim, by a fingle 
 act of feverity, the perpetrators of fo 
 horrid a fad:. Under this impreflion he 
 did not hefitate a moment to order the 
 Pro volt to proceed to the fpot, and by the 
 inftant execution of the offenders, to make 
 atonement to the violated laws of God 
 and man, and endeavour by that terror, 
 which he is convinced can alone have 
 any effect upon minds loft to every feel- 
 ing of religion, humanity, and honour, 
 to put a flop to a conduct, of which too 
 many infhmees have of late occurred, to 
 leave his Royal Highnefs any doubt of the 
 
 neceflity
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, neccffity of an immediate and rigorous in* 
 ioth. terference. 
 
 [The two men were executed this 
 morning at the head of the brigade.] 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs trufts the army 
 will- do him the juftice to believe, that it 
 was not without the utmoft regret and 
 concern, that he thus gave way to the ne-> 
 ceflity which urged him to doom two of 
 his fellow creatures to fo awful a fate, which 
 they indeed too well merited. It was the 
 future advantage of the army, and the hope 
 that fuch an act of feverity would render 
 a repetition of it unneceflary, which alone 
 actuated his Royal Highnefs to depart 
 from the ordinary proceedings of jrtf-ice. 
 He mod earnestly and ardently prays, 
 that it may have the effect which he had 
 in view. 
 
 " At the fame time he repeats his full 
 determination to perfift in the exercife 
 of the mofl rigorous means in the dif- 
 charge of the duty which he ow r es to God, 
 to his King, and to his Country, and to 
 the brave and good of the army which it
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 107 
 
 will be his pride to command, only while April. 
 by its conduct it may merit the general ""^ 
 approbation of our country, as much as 
 he is fure it will at all times by its cou- 
 rage. 1 ' 
 
 This is in general an open country, 
 pleafantly variegated with hills and vallies, 
 but not in a very good flare of cultivation. 
 Both beef and mutton are very plenty, 
 and reafonable. 
 
 His Imperial Majefty having (ignified 
 his intention of reviewing all the troops 
 compofing the army on the heights above 
 Cateau, the i6th inftant, thofe under the 
 immediate command of his Royal High- 
 nefs the Duke of York are ordered to 
 affemble on the heights above Bormerain 
 at nine o'clock that morning. The feve- 
 ral brigades, with the referve artillery, to 
 inarch in feveral columns from their pre- 
 fent quarters. The officers commanding 
 are deiired to examine the roads to-mor- 
 row, and afcertain the diftance, as they 
 are de fired to compafs their march, fo 
 
 as
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, as to arrive at Bormerain precifely at the 
 hour appointed. 
 
 Further directions will be given at 
 Bormerain for forming the columns of 
 march from thence to Cateau. 
 
 Here fome of our battalions were fur- 
 nifhed with ftraps, for the purpofe of 
 carrying our great coats, flung acrofs the 
 fhoulders, neatly rolled up. This, in all 
 forts of weather, was part of our equip- 
 ment. 
 
 i6th. According to the orders of the I4th, 
 the feveral corps of the army under the 
 command of his Royal Highnefs the 
 Duke of York, afTembled at 9 o'clock in 
 the morning on the heights of Bormerain, 
 and from thence proceeded in feveral co- 
 lumns to the heights of Cateau, where 
 we found the Emperor's troops already 
 affembled. It was a fine day, and the 
 fun fhone clear, which contributed much 
 to the good appearance of the troops ; 
 there was line after line, and column after 
 column, extended overall the heights. 
 
 About
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794- IO9 
 
 About fix o'clock the Emperor attended April. 
 with a long retinue, rode brifkly along 
 the lines, but had not time to take notice 
 of every diftincl: corps. 
 
 After he had pafled our brigade, we 
 moved forward, croffing the Cambray 
 high road, within a mile of Cateau ; it 
 being now dark, we could fee the latter 
 town finely illuminated, on account of 
 the Emperor and the Duke of York 
 lodging there. We foon reached our ap- 
 pointed place, and pitched our tents for 
 the firft time this campaign in fome 
 fields of wheat. We had been previ- 
 ouily ordered to have, two days provi lions 
 ready cooked with us, . which faved us the 
 trouble now of drelling- it. 
 
 About eight o'clock this morning the i;th. 
 whole combined army was in motion, 
 and a glorious l^ght it was to fee, the 
 vail extended columns of cavalry, in- 
 fantry, and artillery, moving in dif- 
 ferent directions, according to the plan 
 of attack. 
 
 The
 
 1IO JOURNAL OP THE 
 
 April, The Emperor and his army turned ofF 
 , 7tht to the left, towards Landrecy, where 
 they foon drove in the out-potts, and laid 
 fiege to it. While we were on the march, 
 we could fee a good deal of cannonading 
 on our left towards the Sambre, above 
 Landrecy. 
 
 But now came our turn to exhibit ; 
 our principal attack was intended againft 
 a village called Vaux, near which place 
 the enemy had ftrengthened themfelves 
 confiderably, and- thrown up a redoubt 
 around -a windmill, in which they had 
 five pieces of cannon, with either one or 
 two mortars. This pofl had an exceed- 
 ing fine command, and as foon as the 
 head of our column advanced within mot, 
 they began a heavy cannonade ; but it is 
 to be obferved, that in this part of the 
 country are many hollow ways, re- 
 fembling the bed of a river dried up, 
 which run with irregular windings through 
 all the open country. In one of thefe 
 hollow ways, diredly in front of their 
 battery, but at a coafiderable diftance, 
 
 our
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 cur brigade formed the line of battle, artdi April, 
 halted, while feveral pieces of cannon 
 were detached round to the right near the 
 edge of a wood, and brought t bear ork 
 the enemy with good effect. The French 
 finding where we were drawn up, kept 
 firing with the utmoft vigour, but hyjdbd 
 out effect, as we were uader cover, ex- 
 cept two fpent balls, which Hoping down 
 the bank, went diredly through the- 
 ranks, killed two men, broke the colons 
 ftaff of the ^d regiment in the enfign's 
 hand, and wounded five more. 
 
 The hollow way where we flood took 
 its courfe round to the left a confi- 
 derable way, and came up to the village 
 of Vaux, which lay behind the battery. 
 We now marched round this way, fol- 
 lowing tw,o grenadier companies of the 
 i ft. regiment, and the corps of O'DonneJ, 
 which had been led up towards the vil- 
 lage, with an intent to Horm the redoubt,. 
 but before we could reach it, the French 
 had made good their retreat, and had 
 ulfo got their guns clear off, except one 
 
 fix
 
 1 -) 
 
 112 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, iix pounder, which we fuppofe they had 
 not horfes to take away, as two lay dead 
 in the redoubt, with a number of both 
 killed and wounded men. 
 
 As they retreated, they were purfued 
 through the wood of Leiffe towards Bo- 
 hain, by feme HeiTian light cavalry, who 
 killed a great number. 
 
 They had the precaution to defend the 
 wood, which lay on our right as we ad- 
 vanced to Vaux, both with cavalry and 
 infantry, and alfo by felling trees acrofs 
 every pafs, otherwife their retreat to Bo- 
 hain muft have been cut off. 
 
 After gaining poffeiTion of the redoubt, 
 the ^d regiment and Coldflream remained 
 there, and the flank battalion and ift re- 
 giment marched about two miles, where 
 they halted as an advanced piquet to- 
 wards Bohain. The night was very wet 
 and cold, and we had no tents, as our 
 baggage did not come up. 
 
 Some of the Auftrian troops fet moft 
 part of the village of Vaux on fire, which 
 burnt almofl all night. The Duke who 
 
 had
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. JI 
 
 had taken up his quarters there, was April. 
 forced to leave them on account of the 
 fire. 
 
 How wonderfully are fome men's hearts 
 hardened, and proof againft every emo- 
 tion of pity or humanity ! Such are thofe 
 who with wanton cruelty deftroy in an 
 hour what a poor inoffenfive induftrious 
 family has toiled hard for years to ob- 
 tain; and when they fee the fcreaming 
 terrified children, hanging round their 
 diftrefled mother, now left without a 
 home, a prey to hunger, nakednefs, and 
 perhaps death, inftead of moving their 
 pity, it only provokes their fcorn and 
 abufe. 
 
 The whole of the Duke's column i8th: 
 marched this morning (except the ad- 
 vanced guard, viz. the flank and ifl bat- 
 talion of the guards, and the Innifkilling 
 dragoons) and encamped on the heights 
 bet ween Bafuiou and Catillon, a few miles 
 fouth-eaft of Cateau. 
 
 The other too battalions of guards, with 
 
 the Inniikilling, &c. advanced in the 
 
 1 morning
 
 114 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, morning through the wood of LeifTe, and 
 formed a line clofe againft the town of 
 Bohain, while a reconnoitering party 
 went in, but the French troops were all 
 got clear off. The party was informed 
 that the enemy fled with fuch precipita- 
 tion, that they left their baggage, &c. in 
 the town, but finding they were not pur- 
 fued, returned back about midnight and 
 took it away. 
 
 We then returned back again to Vaux, 
 where we remained all night. 
 
 One part of the foreft through which 
 we paffed and repaffed this morning, 
 was ftrewcd thick with dead bodies, kil- 
 led in the purfuit of the cavalry yefterday, 
 the greateft part of them had been killed 
 with the fvvord, and were much mangled 
 'and cut in different places. 
 
 One of the above corpfes drew the at- 
 tention of a great number of people, on 
 'account of the beauty and whitenefs of 
 its fkin ; it lay in -a plowed field, was 
 Gripped naked, except the fhirt, and ap- 
 peared to have been a youth of about 
 i eighteen
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 11 
 
 eighteen or nineteen years of age, of the April 
 moft exadt proportion of fhape and fize, 
 a (kin perfectly clear and white, without 
 the frnalleft fpot orblemifh, except where 
 he had been w 7 ounded : he had received a 
 fhot in the groin, and a cut through his 
 left eye, very deep. 
 
 The two battalions at Vaux being re- 
 lieved by Major-general Abercrombie's 
 corps, marched by a wide circuitous route 
 to the place where the reft of the brigade 
 were encamped j but not halting there, 
 continued our route through Cateau, 
 about two miles along the Cambray road, 
 that being the pofition deftgned for our 
 army to take, in order to cover the fiege 
 of Landrecy, and alfo to watch the mo- 
 tions of the enemy near Cambray. 
 
 The two battalions encamped near Ca- 
 tillon, with the reft of the troops there, 
 joined us, and took up their new en- 
 campment. 
 
 His
 
 Il6 JOURNAL OF THfi 
 
 April. His Royal Highnefs addrefled thfi 
 aoth. troops on the action of the 
 
 Head Quarters, Cateau, April 19, 1794. 
 
 " HIS Royal Highnefs the Duke of 
 York takes the earlieft opportunity of tef- 
 tifying the fenfe he entertains of the bra- 
 very and condudt of the troops which 
 compofed the two columns under his im- 
 mediate command in the very extenfive 
 operations of the i yth inftant ; his per- 
 fonal obfervation of the fpirit and fleadi- 
 nefs with which the officers and men of 
 the column which attacked the enemy's 
 entrenchments on the heights above Vaux, 
 and in the wood of Bohain, fupported a 
 very fevere cannonade ; and the report 
 made to him by Sir William Erfkine that 
 the fame qualities were equally difplayed 
 by his column at the attack of the ene- 
 my's works at Fremont, calls upon him 
 to exprefs to them his warmeft approba- 
 tion. 
 
 " The companies of O 'Donald, which 
 led the attack of the redoubt; the two 
 
 com-
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. H-7 
 
 companies of grenadiers of the ift regi- April. 
 ment of Britifh guards which fupported 
 that attack ; the three battalions of Auf- 
 trian grenadiers commanded by Major* 
 general Petrafh, who forced the enemy in 
 the wood ; and the buffers of Arch Duke 
 Ferdinand, with a fquadron of the i6th 
 light dragoons, under Major Lapport, 
 who turned their right ; as well as thofe 
 who under their brave leader, Colonel 
 Davey, fo gallantly purfued on the left, 
 are all entitled to his heft acknowledg- 
 ments] as are in an equal manner the three 
 battalions of the regiment of Kaunitz, 
 who, by the report of Sir William Er- 
 fkine, attacked the works of the enemy at 
 Fremont with the intrepidity which at all 
 times diftinguifhes the Auftrian troops. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs defires in a 
 particular manner to offer his beft thanks 
 to Lieutenant-generals Sir William Er- 
 fkine and C/tto, for the judgment and 
 good conduct which they fo confpicuoufly 
 difplayed in the difcharge of their refpec- 
 {ive duties, 
 
 I *' Ta
 
 JOURNAL PF THE 
 
 ct To Major-general Abercrombie, for 
 the zeal, activity, and fpirit with which 
 he led the advanced guard of his column; 
 and to Lieutenant-colonel Count Mur- 
 field, of the Etat- major, for the very 
 great and adlive affiftance which his 
 Royal Highnefs derived from his abi- 
 lities. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs defires that 
 Captain Boag and Lieutenant Page of the 
 royal artillery will accept his thanks for 
 the very fpirited and able manner with 
 which they conducted the battery intrufted 
 to their care." 
 
 The following order was iflued the 
 fame day, by order of his Imperial Ma- 
 jefty and the Duke of York : 
 
 " ALL perfons are forbid, upon pain 
 of death, the pillaging or burning of 
 houfes or villages, as by thofe means we 
 Jofe all the neceffaries and comforts .of 
 them." 
 
 The
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. JI 
 
 The following order ifliied the fame April. 
 day, thews the care and attention of our 
 royal commander towards the lives and 
 property of individuals : 
 
 " BY order of his Royal Highnefs the 
 Duke of York, an officer and forty men. 
 of the guards to be immediately fent to 
 Bafuyaux, to enforce the order for pre- 
 venting pillaging and burning houfes, and 
 the officer is to inform General Otto of 
 his arrival there." 
 
 A working party, confirming of three 
 fubalterns, four ferjeants, four corporals, 
 and 300 men, was furnimed by our bri- 
 gade this day, for the purpofe of throw- 
 ing up redoubts and ftrengthening our 
 pofition. 
 
 The working parties continued ; they 
 are generally relieved twice in twenty- 
 four hours, and work as long as they 
 can fee ; they are paid at the rate of four- 
 pence per diem. 
 
 14 A heavy
 
 Il6 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April. A heavy cannonading heard from Lan- 
 , 3 d. drecy, which the Emperor's troops are 
 
 bombarding with the utmoft vigour. 
 
 Our forage, wood, &c. is brought here 
 
 from Englefontaine. 
 
 The Britifli troops are here : 
 
 CAVALRY. 
 
 Major-general Sir R. Lawrie's brigade, 
 Colonel Vyfes's do. 
 Major-general Man fell's do. 
 Major-general Dundas's do. 
 Seventh light dragoons, 
 Firft do. 
 Fifteenth do. 
 Sixteenth do. 
 
 INFANTRY. 
 
 Brigade of guards, 
 Firft brigade of the line, 
 Second brigade of the line, 
 
 Befides artillery. 
 
 Andthe'Auftrians, HefTians, &c. con- 
 fifting of artillery, cavalry, and infantry, 
 compofed above as many more. 
 
 This
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 121 
 
 This morning about four o'clock a April, 
 column of the enemy, confifting of both 
 cavalry and infantry, was dif covered to- 
 wards our right flank. That quarter be- 
 ing commanded by the Auftrian General 
 Otto, a gallant officer, our I5th light 
 dragoons, and fome Auftrian huflars 
 were ordered to charge them, which they 
 did with fuch fpirit and gallantry, that 
 the French foon gave way, while our 
 valiant dragoons purfued the flying foe 
 near four miles, with great flaughter. 
 Prifoners they took but few, as they em- 
 ployed their time to a better purpofe, 
 namely, following up, and completing 
 their victory. 
 
 The 1 5th light dragoons, and the huf- 
 fars of Tufcany, were fupported by two 
 or three fquadrons from the i ft dragoon 
 guards, the blues, and Prince ofWales's; 
 their lofs was very fmall, the 1 5th and 
 Prince of Wales's dragoons fuffered moft. 
 The enemy loft above two hundred killed 
 and wounded in the field, with nine 
 pieces of cannon. 
 
 The
 
 J22 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April. The engagement lafted about eight hours. 
 In the afternoon three battalions of the 
 guards marched to the place which they 
 had occupied, and remained there a few 
 hours until all was quiet, and then re- 
 turned to camp. 
 
 *5 th - The fiege of Landrecy is carrying on 
 with the greateft activity ; we hear a con- 
 ftant cannonade, and at night can fee the 
 {hells frequently. 
 
 Three 'fquadrons of cavalry and three 
 battalions of infantry are in conftant rea- 
 dinefs night and day, to turn out in a 
 moment : this duty is taken by rotation 
 throughout the army. The whole line is 
 alfo ready every morning at day-break. 
 
 *6th. The enemy, determined to make ano- 
 ther effort in order to raife the fiege of 
 Landrecy, advanced this morning to- 
 wards our encampment in five columns, 
 drove in our out-ports, piquets, &c. and at 
 fix o'clock the heads of fome of their co- 
 lumns were within cannon fhot of our 
 camp. The infantry were drawn up iri 
 front of their refpective encampments, 
 
 and
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. I 23 
 
 and the quarter guard tents flruck, but no April, 
 others were fuffered to be touched, nor 
 the leaft appearance of confufion. Se- 
 veral pieces of cannon were drawn for- 
 ward juft clear of the encampment, and 
 a brifk cannonade began, which a little 
 retarded their progrefs. Their left column, 
 which it feems was the ftrongeft, ap- 
 proached with great confidence, and we 
 could obferve the fquadrons of cavalry 
 and divisions of infantry advancing over a 
 rifmg ground at a fmall diftance with 
 great rapidity. 
 
 And now every expectation was on the 
 rack, awaiting fome command that might 
 determine an event that appeared fo big 
 with fudden fate. 
 
 At length the Duke, who from No. I 
 redoubt (it being the higheft) was watch- 
 ing all their proceedings, obferved, that 
 their left flank was not covered, on which 
 he immediately ordered the following re- 
 giments of cavalry to advance and turn 
 that flank, namely, the Auftrian regi- 
 ment of cuirafTiers, Zetzwichtz, the 
 
 blues,
 
 ^4 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, blues, I ft, 3d, and 5th dragoon guards j 
 the royals , Arch Duke Ferdinand 's huflars, 
 and the i6th light dragoons. 
 
 Thefe accordingly advanced with cool 
 deliberate valour, and turning the enemy's 
 flank, amidH: fhowers of grape fhot and 
 mufkerry, charged through their fqua- 
 drons and battalions, backward and for- 
 ward, bearing all down before them with 
 irrefiftible fprce. We could obferve from 
 the carnp feveral.of our fquadrons charging 
 through the French cavalry, then through 
 a battalion of infantry, after which 
 they would wheel round, and charge 
 back again in the fame manner, fo that 
 it was imppffible fqr the enemy to rally or 
 collect their terrified troops. 
 
 The ^th and i ith light dragoons in the 
 mean time were performing prodigies of 
 valour on the left, while our artillery ad- 
 vanced in front, and added to the genera,! 
 confufion of the French. 
 
 The overthrow now became univerfal, 
 cavalry and infantry wre thrown tpge r 
 ther in promifcuous heaps, or fcattere<-i
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 125 
 
 in aftonifhment over the plains. The ca* April, 
 valry that were left now took to their heels 
 and fled, purfued with terror to the very 
 gates of Cambray before they durft look 
 behind. The infantry following their ex- 
 ample, to facilitate their flight, threw 
 away their knapfacks, arms, and accou- 
 trements, arid made the beft of their way, 
 leaving our brave dragoons abfolute maf- 
 ters of the field. 
 
 But they did not all run away who 
 came that morning, the fields were co- 
 vered with the flain, and in fome places 
 they lay in heaps, with a considerable 
 number of our gallant heroes among them. 
 We alfo took near 3000 prifoners, and 
 about fifty pieces of cannon, with the 
 general who commanded them, General 
 Chapuy. 
 
 We had the misfortune to lofe Major- 
 general Manfel, he was killed at the firft 
 onfet.
 
 | 2 6 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April. In confequence of the above victory, 
 ^^ the following order was iffued this even- 
 ing : 
 
 Pafs Orders t i6th April, 1795. 
 
 44 IN confequence of orders received 
 from his Imperial Majefty, his RoyalHigh- 
 nefs the commander in chief orders the 
 troops to be under arms at the head of their 
 refpedtive encampments to-morrow morn- 
 ing at half paft fcven o'clock, to fire a feu- 
 <le-joie. The firing begins with the Bri- 
 tifli referve artillery, follows the Auf- 
 irian artillery, and then the line from the 
 right. 
 
 ** The men to be provided with three 
 blank cartridges for the purpofe.' ; 
 
 *7th. The fiege of Landrecy is carried on 
 with great activity, though the befieged 
 continue to make a vigorous defence. 
 
 The
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 The following is his Royal Highnefs's April 
 addrefs to the army : 
 
 Head Quarters, Cateau, a8th Apirl, 1794. 
 
 " HIS Royal Highnefs the commander 
 in chief has the higheft fatisfaction in 
 congratulating the army on the glorious 
 fuccefs of the 26th inftant, in which the 
 enemy, ufing every effort in a general 
 attack, conducted in five columns for the 
 relief of Landrecy, were repulfed in all of 
 them, with a very great (laughter, and 
 the lofs of near fifty pieces of cannon. 
 
 " The army under the immediate 
 command of his Royal Highnefs bore a 
 very confpicuous mare in the fignal fuc- 
 cefs of the day j and his Royal Highnefs 
 feels it incumbent on him to make his 
 acknowledgments to thofe brave officers 
 and foldiers, to whofe valour and con- 
 duct, under the Divine direction, this 
 great and important victory is to be af- 
 cribed. 
 
 " To Lieutenant-general Otto, and to 
 Colonel the Prince of Swantzenbourg, to 
 
 whofe
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, whofe lot it fell to conduct the principal 
 8th. operations of the day, his Royal High* 
 iiefs defires to offer his beft thanks, as 
 well as to Colonel Vyfe, who, on the 
 misfortune of General Manfel, took the 
 command of, and fo gallantly led to the 
 charge, two brigades of Britifh cavalry. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs farther defires, 
 that Major Brigade Payne and Captain 
 Beckworth may know, that their conduct 
 has been particularly mentioned to him 
 by Prince Swantzenbourg, as highly 
 meritorious. 
 
 " TheAuftrian regiment of cuiralliers, 
 Zetzwichtz, the blues-, ift, jd, and 5th 
 dragoon guards, the royals, Arch Duke 
 Ferdinand's huffars, and the 1 6th light 
 dragoons, who attacked and defeated the 
 principal column of the enemy on the 
 right, have all acquired immortal honour 
 to themfelves. 
 
 " Nor is the determined gallantry 
 with which, regard lefs of their number, 
 the 7th and 1 1 th light dragoons attacked 
 
 the
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 129 
 
 the enemy on the left, lefs worthy of April, 
 every commendation. a 8th. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs .requefts, that 
 the officers and men of thofe brave corps 
 will accept of his thanks, and he defires 
 they will be aflured that he has not failed 
 to reprefent their merits in the flrongeft 
 terms to their refpective fovereigns. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs is extremely 
 defirous, that in the admiration excited 
 by the fuccefs of the 26th, the lefs bril- 
 liant, though not lefs meritorious fervices 
 of the light troops under General Otto, 
 on the 24th inftant, may not be over- 
 looked. 
 
 *' On that occafion, the conduct of the 
 hufiars, and i5th light dragoons, is par- 
 ticularly noticed on the report of Lieu- 
 tenant- general Otto. 
 
 o 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs has at all 
 times had the higheft confidence in the 
 courage of the Britifh troops in general, 
 and he trufts that the cavalry will now be 
 convinced, that wherever they attack with 
 the firmnefs, velocity, and order which 
 K they
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, they fhewed upon this occafion, no num- 
 bers of the enemy we have to deal with, 
 can refill: them." 
 
 The late Major-general Manfel was 
 buried at fix o'clock this evening, in the 
 redoubt No. i . The corpfe was preceded 
 by three fquadrons of his late brigade, and 
 two pieces of cannon. The latter fired 
 thirteen guns, at minute intervals, imme- 
 diately after the interment. Major-gene- 
 rals Abercrombie, Lake, Dundas, White, 
 Fox, and Colonel D'Oyly, attended as 
 pall-bearers, with the Duke and a great 
 number of other officers* 
 
 *9th.. This day the garrifon of Landrecy fur- 
 rendered to the Imperial army after a liege 
 of nine days. The troops are to march 
 out to-morrow morning without theit 
 arms, officers excepted, who are allowed 
 to wear fwords. 
 
 3oth. The enemy preiling hard upon Ge- 
 neral Clairfait, who commanded in Weft 
 Flanders, it was deemed neceflary to fend 
 fome part of the army to his afliitance ; 
 
 accord-
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 accordingly orders were iffued this after- April. 
 noon for the whole of the troops to be in 
 readinefs to march this evening at nine 
 o'clock, in confequence of which the 
 tents were ilruck, the baggage loaded, and 
 every thing ready for marching at the 
 hour appointed. Our route was for the 
 camp at Famars, but we did not move 
 off our ground before eleven o'clock, 
 when we proceeded in the following or- 
 der, viz. 
 
 Two fquadrons i 5th light dragoons. 
 
 Six fquadrons of the brigade, late Gen. 
 Manfel's. 
 
 Four battalions Britifh guards. 
 
 Two battalions Winfcl Coloredo. 
 
 Three battalions Auftrian grenadiers. 
 
 Six fquadrons Colonel Vyfb's brigade. 
 
 The remainder of the troops on the ad- 
 vanced pofts marched by another route to 
 the fame place, under the command of 
 General Otto. 
 
 About noon we arrived at Famars, May. 
 where we were ordered to halt for the 
 fpace of four hours to refreih the troops, 
 K 2 who
 
 J2 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. who were much fatigued with their night's 
 jftT"' march. 
 
 During our halt here, a heavy ftorm 
 of rain fell, accompanied with thunder 
 and lightning. 
 
 At four o'clock we again refumed our 
 march, and paired the Scheldt at Frith, 
 through St. Leger, and from thence to 
 the high road that leads from Valenci- 
 ennes to St. Amand, which place it was 
 intended we fhould reach that night ; 
 but the evening coming on, with a con- 
 tinued heavy rain, accompanied at fhort 
 intervals with dreadful flafhes of light- 
 ning, it became fo exceffive dark, that 
 no one could perceive whether that next 
 him was a man, a horfe, or a waggon, 
 of courfe every thing ran foul of each 
 other ; men and horfes fell in the ditches 
 together, and the drivers 'of the guns were 
 forced to grope the way before their 
 horfes. 
 
 In this fituation, our brigade reached a 
 ftraggling village, on the road between 
 Valenciennes and the Abby de Vicoigne, 
 
 where
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 where every one fhifted for himfelf, arid 
 got under cover "for the remainder of the 
 night. General Lake and his horfe both 
 fell into a dangerous hole, the horfe got 
 out fafe, but the General was much 
 bruifed. 
 
 The brigade of guards marched into ad. 
 St. Amand this morning, and was ordered 
 to their former lodging and quarters. 
 
 Orders of this Day. 
 
 " THE commander in chief defires, 
 that the officers commanding brigades 
 will have diftributed to their men a full 
 allowance of rum for this day, which 
 his Royal Highnefs will pay for.'* 
 
 Marched about feven o'clock this 3^ 
 morning, and at fix o'clock in the evening 
 arrived at our deftined poft, near Mar- 
 quain, on the weft of Tournay, much fa- 
 tigued with thefe long marches. 
 
 The advanced pofts are placed as for- 4tlu 
 merly under the command of Lieutenant- 
 general Otto, and confift of fix fqua- 
 K 3 drons
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 drons of cavalry, fupported by three bat- 
 talions of infantry, which are relieved 
 daily. 
 
 The following allowance of wood was 
 ordered to be made to general officers, 
 their fuite, and officers of the ftaff: 
 
 Lieutenant-generals and fuite 30 ra- 
 tions of 12 pounds each for four days. 
 Major-generals and fuite, 20 do. do. 
 Colonels, - 15 do. do. 
 
 Field officers, 10 do. do. 
 
 , Captains, - 7 do. do. 
 
 Subalterns, - 4 do. do. 
 
 Major-generals if in camp are 
 
 allowed a proportion equal 
 
 to that for - 30 men. 
 
 Colonels and field officers for 20 do. 
 Captains, fubalterns, and ftaff 
 
 officers for 10 do. 
 
 xoth. About three o'clock this morning the 
 enemy attacked our advanced polls, drove 
 them in, and approached our encamp- 
 ment with great rapidity ; we were im- 
 mediately ordered under arms, and our 
 tents ilruck, by that means if poffible to 
 
 draw
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 draw them into a general engagement, May, 
 but our cavalry drove them back again, 
 killed a great number, and took many 
 prifoners, 
 
 In this day's orders the Duke returned nth 
 thanks to the corps engaged yefterday in 
 the following manner : 
 
 ft HIS Royal Highnefs the comman- 
 der in chief defires that Lieutenant-gene- ' 
 ral Harcourt, Major-general Dundas, and 
 Sir Robert Laurie, with the officers and 
 men of the feveral corps of cavalry 
 which were engaged yefterday, will ac- 
 cept his beft thanks for the further proof 
 which they gave of that fpirit and con- 
 duct which his Royal Highnefs is well 
 aflure.: will ever be attended with the fuc- 
 cefs it fo well merits." 
 
 Extract from the orders of this day : 
 
 Head Quarters, Tournay, 1 2th May, 1794. 
 
 Parole Albertus. 
 
 " ALL pieces of ordnance, colours, 
 tumbrils, a.nd horfes taken from the enc- 
 
 4
 
 136 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. my, are to be delivered to the Britifh ar- 
 tillery, and receipts taken for the fame ; 
 which receipts, accompanied by a written 
 application from the officer commanding 
 the regiment who took them, are within 
 three days to be fent to Mr. CommiiTary 
 Williamfon, who, by order of his Royal 
 Highnefs the commander in chief, will 
 pay the following rewards, viz. 
 
 
 
 For each cannon or howitzer, - 20 
 
 For each pair of colours, I o 
 
 For each tumbril, r 10 
 For each horfe, - - 
 
 t4th. Every gun and waggon of the park of 
 artillery, &c. were ordered to be provided 
 with two fafcines, being defigned for the 
 purpofe of occafionally filling up, and re- 
 pairing of bad paffes on the road. 
 
 1 6th. The army was ordered to cook two 
 days provision, by which we knew fome 
 expedition was intended, which was no 
 lefs than a general attack to be made by 
 
 our
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 our whole army on the enemy, in the 
 following order. 
 
 The army was divided into five co- 
 lumns, the two on the left were to force 
 the paffages of the river Marque, at Pont 
 a Treflin, Willem, &c. and check the 
 enemy at Lille. The center column, 
 which was compofed of the brigade of 
 guards, ift brigade of the line, the free 
 corps of O'Donnel, fome of the Britifh 
 light cavalry, artillery, &c. was to force 
 the enemy's poil at Lannoy, and then 
 proceed to Roubaix, &c. The next which 
 was commanded by General Otto, was 
 to proceed through Lurs, Waterloos, &c. 
 to Tourcoing. The column on the right 
 was to proceed through feveral intermedi- 
 ate places to Moufcron ; and by this dif- 
 pofition it was intended to cut off the 
 communication of the enemy's main army 
 from Lifle. 
 
 Every thing being ready, the tents 
 were ftruck about nine o'clock this even- 
 ing, and with the heavy baggage fent off 
 to a place behind Tpurnay, 
 
 About
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 About eleven o'clock the arrny was in 
 motion. Our column was commanded 
 by Major-general Abercrombie, but the 
 Duke accompanied it ; as being the cen-, , 
 ter of the army, it was the moft conve- 
 nient place for him to receive information, 
 or give orders. 
 
 th. The morning being very hazy, we 
 halted near the vilLige of Templeuve, 
 till about nine o'clock, when we moved 
 forwards towards Lannoy, .which, after 
 a brifk cannonade for a mort time, the 
 enemy abandoned. 
 
 Tn this attack Major Wright of the 
 royal artillery was mortally wounded, 
 and died foon after. This is a remarkably 
 fatal place for the officers of our artillery, 
 one being killed and two wounded here 
 laii year, 
 
 We then after a (hort halt proceeded 
 towards Roubaix ; a company of light 
 infantry under the command of Lieur 
 tenant-colonel Perry n, fcouring the left 
 flank all the way. The enemy made a 
 flout oppofition at Roubaix, and aftej; 
 
 their^
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 their out-pofts were drove in, anfwered 
 our cannon for fome time with great 
 ipirit, and then retreated, getting clear 
 off with all their guns. We then entered 
 the town in triumph after a little diffi- 
 culty, they having cut down a number of 
 trees acrofs the road near the entrance. 
 Many of the inhabitants were fled, and 
 left their homes fhut up, and thofe who 
 remained, eyed us with a kind of vacant 
 look, hardly knowing whether to efteeru 
 us as friends or foes. 
 
 The brigade of the line was ported on 
 the chauflee leading from Roubaix to 
 Lifle, to prevent a furprife from that 
 quarter ; and the brigade of guards were 
 drawn up in the field on the weft fide of 
 the town ; there they refreihed them- 
 felves with what they had with them, and 
 were alfo fupplied plentifully with feveral 
 articles from the town. 
 
 Roubaix is a handfome town, laying 
 with a gentle declivity towards the fouth, 
 on which fide runs a fmall rivulet, wind- 
 ing through the meadows. In the market- 
 place
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 place was erected the tree of liberty, im- 
 paled round with the red cap on the top 
 of it, which our men foon levelled with 
 the ground. 
 
 About fun-fet General Abercombie 
 received orders to attack Mouvaux, a 
 village two miles diftant, ftrongly fituated 
 by nature, and furrounded with pali- 
 fadoes and entrenchments, together with 
 feveral flanking redoubts. 
 
 We accordingly advanced to the attack 
 with great vigour and alacrity, from the 
 refrefhment we had received at Roubaix, 
 and after fome time fpent in cannonading, 
 the flank battalion which had been in 
 front all day, having formed the line, and 
 advancing towards the enemy, eagerly 
 catched the word " charge," and rufhed 
 with the utmofr. impetuofity into the 
 enemy's works, upon which they fled 
 with the greateil precipitation, leaving 
 behind them three pieces of cannon, In 
 the mean time the light cavalry wheeling 
 round the village, overtook them in their 
 
 flight,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF' 1794- 
 
 flight, and purfued them about three 
 miles with great flaughter. 
 
 After taking poflefTion of the village, 
 piquets were fent out wherever they were 
 deemed neceflary, and the remainder be- 
 took themfelves to reft, highly pleafed 
 with the glorious fuccefs of the day. 
 
 It is a happy thing for us mortals that 
 \ve cannot fee into futurity, otherwife we 
 would certainly overlook all our blef- 
 fings and enjoyments, and fix all our 
 thoughts with fearful expectation on the 
 approach of each calamity. 
 
 If we had known, however, what our 
 next day's work was to be, we mould not 
 at leaft have flept fo found that night. 
 
 It happened unfortunately that our co- 
 lumn was the* only one that was fuccefs- 
 ful in the general attack of yefterday. 
 The two columns on our 'left were either 
 repulfed at the Marque, or fo matched, 
 that they could advance no farther, confe- 
 quently our left flank was left open to 
 the numberlefs legions that poured out 
 from Li fie. 
 
 The
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 The column on the right was defeated, 
 and forced to fall back again.* 
 
 General Otto's column on our right 
 gained its point, and took pofleffion of 
 Tourcoign, but could not keep it, being 
 driven out again and forced to retreat, fo 
 that we were left expofed on all fides. 
 
 The morning was ufhered in by a tre- 
 meridous cannonade in the woods near 
 Tourcoign, on our right, where the 
 Auftrians were forced to fall back ; then 
 towards Roubaix, behind us, where our 
 brigade of the line were forced to give 
 ivay ; then on our left, where our piquets 
 Were drove in ; and before us, multitudes 
 of both cavalry and infantry appeared, 
 advancing iri all directions. 
 
 It was now about nine o'clock, and 
 our brave general being apprized of our 
 real fituation, with refpect to the other 
 parts of the army, and having no profpect 
 of any afTiftance being fent him, ordered 
 us to retreat. 
 
 Accordingly we marched back to- 
 wards Roubaix, with the artillery and 
 2 the,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 143 
 
 the main body of the brigade, \\ bile the May. 
 Ikirmifhing parties ail around us made it ^M. 
 appear like a kind of running fight. On 
 coming near the town, we found the 
 enemy affembled in great numbers in the 
 wood to the right of the town, from 
 whence they would have annoyed us 
 greatly on our entrance ; we therefore 
 made a halt, and with four twelve poun- 
 ders being drawn up, gave them fuch a 
 falute as made them iheer off. We then 
 proceeded through the town, which the 
 front of the cclumn cleared very well ; 
 but before the rear got clear of the gate, 
 the enemy prefTed very hard upon them, 
 both with grape mot and mufkctry, and 
 killed and wounded a great many. 
 
 On gaining the fummitof thehill, after 
 parting the town, a ihort halt was made, 
 in order to colled: the troops more clofe 
 together, or fee if any thing could be 
 done j but the enemy prefiing in on all 
 fides, in fuch fuperior numbers, it was 
 thought vain to attempt any thing offen- 
 five ; we therefore moved on again, in 
 
 hopes
 
 144 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. 'hopes of reaching Lannoy, amid ft vollies 
 *78th~' f round and grape fhot from all quarters. 
 At every avenue, or pafs, they had guns 
 to flank us, and their cavalry were ready 
 whenever the ground would admit them 
 to act. 
 
 Thus we went, befet on all fides, for 
 upwards of three miles. Immediately 
 after our laft formation, a fquadron or two 
 of fome foreign hulTars, inftead of en- 
 deavouring to check the enemy, rode away 
 at full fpeed, even through the midfr. of 
 our own men, if they chanced to be in 
 their way, and added confufion to confu- 
 fion. The moil part of our officers batt 
 horfes and others were fo frightened at 
 the fhot, that they became quite unma- 
 nageable, and throwing off their loads, 
 ran with the utmoft fury up and down, 
 among the foldiers. 
 
 The women alfo, who inadvertently 
 had been permitted to follow us, caufed 
 no fmall dilbrder; fome being killed, 
 others wounded, and Jome loaded with 
 
 
 
 plunder
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794- 145 
 
 plunder, fo as to be unable to keep up May, 
 with the men. 
 
 It was now difcovered that Lannoy 
 was in pofTeflion of the enemy, and our 
 flank battalion guns being advanced too 
 far in front, without a proper fupport, a 
 ftrong detachment of cavalry from Lan- 
 noy met and took them, with all the men, 
 except one, prifoners. 
 
 We were now forced to leave the road, 
 
 ~ 
 
 and make our way through the fields be- 
 tween Lannoy and Leers : this was ano- 
 ther occaiion of our loling fome more of 
 our guns and tumbrils, not being able to 
 get them over the hedges and ditches 
 through which we parted. 
 
 In the mean time our Britifh light ca- 
 valry which were with us performed won- 
 ders of valour, charging the enemy with 
 unexampled courage, wherever they ap- 
 proached : it was no uncommon thing to 
 fee one of them attack three of the 
 French dragoons at once, in order to' ref- 
 cue the prifoners they were carrying off. 
 L It
 
 146 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. It was owing to their bravery that fo 
 i8th. f ew prifoners were taken, as well as the 
 great numbers which they retook from 
 the enemy. 
 
 As foon as we reached the village of 
 Templeuve, we halted and formed ; and 
 from thence marched to our former pofi- 
 tion behind the village of Blandin, with 
 very different fenfations from what we 
 had the evening before. 
 
 Our lofs proved to be very inconfidera- 
 ble to what might have been expected in 
 fuch a fituation ; for it was rather to be 
 ' wondered at that one of us efcaped. 
 
 The flank battalions in the feveral at- 
 tacks of the 1 7th inftant, had 7 rank and 
 file killed ; 2 officers, viz. Colonel Man- 
 ners, and Colonel Ludlow, and 33 rank 
 and file wounded. 
 
 The brigade of the line under the com- 
 mand of Major-general Fox fuffered very 
 feverely. 
 
 The 3d regiment of guards alfo loft 
 
 cne of their colours, not taken by the 
 
 2 enemy,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 147 
 
 enemy, but through the carelefs mifcon- May. 
 dut of a ferjeant. 
 
 Return of the Killed, Wounded, and Miffing of the Brigade 
 of Foot Guards on the I'jtb and i8/ of May, 1794. 
 
 Battalions. 
 
 Capt. 
 
 Lieu. 
 
 Se 
 
 .! 
 
 p. 
 
 U. 
 
 R. 
 
 anc 
 
 
 
 .r. 
 
 
 S 
 
 N 
 
 >s 
 
 * 
 
 1 
 
 
 s 
 
 hi 
 
 8 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 >j 
 
 K 
 
 > 
 
 ^ 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 |O 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 s. 
 
 
 Flank Batt. 
 i ft Regiment 
 Coldftream 
 3d Regiment. 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 IZ 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 S l 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 13 
 
 3 
 M 
 
 36 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 . 
 
 3 
 
 
 i 
 
 . 
 
 2 
 
 \ * 
 
 20 
 
 73 
 
 Wounded. 
 
 ( Colonel Manners, 
 Flank Battalion. \ Lieut. Col. Ludlow, 
 
 ^ Capt. Drummond, 
 Coldftream, Lieut. Col. Gafcoyne,-^ 
 
 i ft Regiment. Mr.Robinfon, Surg. taken Prifoner. 
 
 Towards the evening we changed the i9th. 
 pofition of our encampment, the Britifh 
 heavy cavalry and infantry taking their 
 ground on the left of the line. 
 
 L a 
 
 Head
 
 148 /OURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. 
 v v ' Head Quarters, Tournay, igth May, 1794* 
 
 Parole Martinus. 
 
 " IN noticing the event of yefterday, 
 his Royal Highnefs the commander in 
 chief finds little to regret but the lofs of 
 brave men, which, however, appears to 
 be lefs, than from the nature of the ac- 
 tion might have been expected. 
 
 44 The proximity of the enemy's garri- 
 fons and armies, the want of that com- 
 plete fuccefs in the other parts of the in- 
 tended operations, which would have fe- 
 cured the flanks of our pofition, and above 
 all the nature of the country, fo favoura- 
 ble to the kind of attack which the enemy 
 undertook. Thefe will fufficiently ac- 
 count for what has happened, without 
 any imputation on the conduct and bra- 
 very of our troops ; with them his Royal 
 Highnefs has every reafon to be perfectly 
 fatisfied, and he doubts not, but the ene- 
 my will feel to their coft, upon the firft 
 occafion which may prefent itfelf, to 
 what they owe the advantage they have 
 a had
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 149 
 
 bad the good fortune to obtain yefterday, May. 
 over troops as much fuperior to them in I9t ^ 
 bravery and difcipline, as is the caufe we 
 maintain to that for which they contend. 
 
 " In fad, the enemy has little to boaft 
 of but the acquifition of fome pieces of 
 Britifh artillery ; which being the firft 
 that has fallen into their hands in the 
 field, may afford matter of triumph ; and 
 though his Royal Highnefs regrets that 
 they mould have that to boaft of, yet he 
 is perfectly fatisfied, that it is to be attri- 
 buted to the difficulty of the country 
 alone, and not to the fmallelr. failure in 
 the courage and conduct which was ex- 
 erted to fave them. 
 
 " The corps to give in returns of their 
 lofs immediately, and his Royal Highnefs 
 relies on the zeal and activity of the com- 
 manding officers, for repairing every thing 
 that will admit of it, with the utmoil 
 difpatch, fo that .they may want nothing 
 elTential for future fervice that can be pro- 
 cured them." 
 
 L 3 A de-
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 A detachment of two hundred gre- 
 nadiers of the brigade of guards, with 
 one captain, and four fubalterns, at- 
 tended the funeral of the late Major 
 Wright, of the royal artillery, who died 
 of the wounds he received on the i yth 
 inftant. 
 
 sad. This day the enemy having previoufly 
 collecled all their force, made a vigorous 
 and general attack on our lines, in feveral 
 columns ; their greateft efforts were made 
 on our right, near the river Scheldt, 
 which alfo covered their left flank ; they 
 maintained their ground in that quarter 
 with uncommon refolution, and with 
 very little variation the whole day ; hav- 
 ing this particular advantage, that they 
 were able from their vaft numbers to pour 
 in continual fupplies of frefh troops to 
 action ; and alfo from the nature of the 
 country and their fituation, could change 
 them with very little inconveniency. 
 
 A numerous column approached our 
 lines, near the center, through the vil- 
 lages of Templeuve and Blandin, but a 
 
 redoubt
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 redoubt having been thrown up near the May 
 road by which alone they could approach, 
 and fome other pieces of ordnance being 
 placed a little to the left, in an advanta- 
 geous fituation, they were fuffered to ad- 
 vance pretty near unmolefled, when the 
 whole opened upon them with fuch ef- 
 fect, that they were forced to retreat in, 
 the utmoft confufion, and with very 
 great lofs. Notwithftanding which they 
 made two more fpirited attempts to force 
 that pafluge, but were repulfed with equal 
 lofs and confufion. 
 
 Meanwhile a column confirming of $ 
 or 6000 men made its appearance to- 
 wards our left, on which account the 
 brigade of guards and the Britifh heavy 
 cavalry remained ready for action on their 
 camp ground all that day, (the baggage 
 and camp equipage being fent away in 
 the morning,) but they obferving our 
 advantageous fituation, and dreading the 
 thought of meeting the Britifh cavalry a 
 fecond time on an open plain, thought 
 proper not to make any approaches, 
 
 L 4 About
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. About three o'clock in the afternoon, 
 ^j~' tne tight wing of our army being much 
 fatigued, and haying loft a great number 
 . of men, .began to lofe ground coniidera- 
 bly, and the enemy having- paffed the 
 village of Froiennes, in and near which 
 the hott'eft of the action had continued 
 the whole day, advanced faft towards 
 / Tournay on the C ourtray road ; on which 
 his Royal Highnefs fent the fecond bri- 
 gade of Britilh infantry under the. com- 
 mand of Major-general Fox, it conflfted 
 of the 1 4th, 37th, and 53d regiments, 
 with fome of the Britifh artillery. This 
 brigade meeting the enemy, alter firing a 
 few rounds, charged them with fuch re- 
 folution and ,bravery, that it turned the 
 fcale of action once more in our favour, 
 and the enemy were forced to fall back ; 
 and through the fpirit and activity of our 
 artillery, who alfo came frelh into action, 
 they continued to lofe ground, though 
 but flowiy, -till darknefs 
 
 " Impos'd a grateful truce, 
 " And filence on the odious din of war." 
 
 Such
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794* J53 
 
 Such a battle hath, I believe, feldom May. 
 been known, fo fierce, and for fuch a 
 length of time; our out- polls were Driven 
 in, and the cannonading begun at feven 
 in the morning, and continued one con- 
 tinual roar of artillery and mulketry till 
 near half paft nine at night. 
 
 It is faid that the French had above on$ 
 hundred thoufand men this morning, and 
 that they have left above 9000 dead in 
 the field. Report fays alfo, that our army 
 had near 4000 men killed, befides a vaft 
 number wounded. 
 
 We took feven pieces of cannon from 
 them in the courfe of the day. 
 
 The whole of the troops remained un- 
 der arms all night, but when morning 
 appeared, we perceived the enemy had 
 retired. 
 
 Head Quarters, Tournay, 2 3d May, 1794. 
 Parole Americus. 
 
 " IT is his Royal Highnefs the com- 23^. 
 mander in chief's exprefs order, that 
 whenever the troops, or any particular 
 
 corps,
 
 154 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. corps, march without their camp eqiu- 
 3d. P a S e no woman is upon any pretence 
 whatever to be permitted to follow the 
 column. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs defires this 
 may be confidered as a Handing order, 
 and expects the commanding officers of 
 regiments will take care it is moil ftrictly 
 complied with. 
 
 " It is necefTary at the fame time to 
 warn the women and followers of the 
 army, that the provoft-marmal is hereby 
 directed to inflict on every offender the 
 moft exemplary punifhment ; and if the 
 offence deferves it, even to execute on the 
 fpot, any woman or follower of the army, 
 of any defcription whatever, who by 
 cruelty, plunder, or marauding, may 
 bring difgrace on the troops under his 
 Royal Highnefs J s command, 
 
 " This order to be read at this even^ 
 
 
 
 ing's roll call, at the head of every troop 
 or company in the army, on which oeca* 
 fion all women and followers of the army 
 are ordered to attend, that none may 
 
 plead
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794- *5 
 
 plead ignorance of the awful punifhment May. 
 to which they will fubject themfclves by 
 this crime. And his Royal Highnefs re- 
 lies with confidence on the afliftance of 
 every officer to prevent the glory fo juftly 
 acquired by the army in the field, being 
 fullied by a<fts of inhumanity and depre- 
 dation. 
 
 " Whenever it is poflible, it is the or- 
 der of his Majefty the Emperor, that all 
 attacks may be made with drums beating 
 and colours flying. 
 
 " His Maje|ty the Emperor has defired 
 that his moft particular thanks may be 
 exprefled to every part of the allied army 
 that was engaged yefterday, for the great 
 gallantry they difplayed, by which the 
 defirable end was obtained, of completely 
 defeating the enemy. 
 
 *' His Royal Highnefs the comman- 
 der in chief defires to exprefs his particu- 
 lar thanks to Major-general Fox ; to the 
 1 4th regiment under the command of Ma- 
 jor Ramfy ; to the 37th regiment com- 
 manded by Captain Lightburn ; to the 
 
 53 d
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. 53d regiment commanded by Major 
 ""^ Wifeman ; and to the detachment of ar- 
 tillery that was attached to them under the 
 command of Capt. Trotter ; for that great 
 ilifplay of intrepidity and good conduct 
 which reflects the greateft honour upon 
 themfelves, at the fame time that it was 
 highly inftrumental in deciding the im- 
 portant victory of the 22d. 
 
 '* His Royal Highnefs much laments 
 the lofs they have fuflained, but flatters 
 himfelf they feel it in fome manner com- 
 penfated by the credit they have gained." 
 
 24th. A malicious report having been circu- 
 lated through the army, that it was owing 
 to fome mifconduc~t in themfelves, that 
 the Britilh troops were furrounded on the 
 1 8th inftant, the Emperor publilhed the 
 -following declaration ; 
 
 Head Quarters, Tournay, 2|th May, 1794* 
 Parole Chriftopbules. 
 
 " HIS Imperial Majefty has heard 
 with the greateil difplea,fure, that a report 
 
 has
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 has been fpread of the Britifh troops ha- May. 
 ving allowed themfelves to be furprized 
 on the 1 8th infhint. . 
 
 " He haftens, therefore, to make it 
 publicly known, that he is perfectly eon* 
 vinced of the untruth of this report, and 
 of their having behaved that day with 
 their accuftomed refolution and courage * 
 that they only retired from the too great 
 fuperiority of the enemy's numbers, being 
 attacked in front, flanks, and rear, at the 
 fame time ; and that their retreat was per* 
 formed with the utmoft fleadinefs and or* 
 der. 
 
 " His Imperial Majefty takes the ear* 
 lieft opportuntity to inform the troops of 
 the combined powers, that fince he has 
 taken the command of the army, he has 
 almoft every day had proofs of their ar- 
 dour and courage, and cannot too flrongly 
 exprefs his fatis faction and gratitude to 
 them on their former conduct." 
 
 Ever
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 v ' Ever fince we have take . this pofitiori 
 we have had a great number of men em- 
 ployed at work. 
 
 A chain of redoubts runs all along the 
 front and flanks of this extenfive en- 
 campment from the Scheldt on the right 
 to the Orchies road on the left, and fo 
 well calculated for defence, that we are 
 under no apprehenfion of being taken by 
 florm. 
 
 *;th. Several women that were taken prifon- 
 ners on the i8th and carried into Lille, 
 returned to camp. They are loud in 
 praife of the French, whom they extol to 
 the Ikies for their civility and kindnefs to 
 them, and the reft of the prifoners ; they 
 fay they were loaded with wine and other 
 provisions, and accompanied to the gates 
 of Lifle with a band ofmufic, and, from 
 thence conducted to the advanced pofts. 
 
 They brought feveral letters from the 
 prifoners at Lifle. 
 
 Extratt
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794* 
 
 , Extraflfrom this Day's Orders. 
 
 " CORPS to give a return to-morrow 
 morning at orderly time, to the Quarter- 
 mafter-general, of the names of the wo- 
 men in each, whofe hulbands have been 
 killed or taken prifoners, and who are de- 
 firous of going to England.*' 
 
 Anniverfary of his Majefty's birth-day, 4 th - 
 his Royal Highnefs gave an entertainment, 
 to which he invited all the commanding 
 officers of regiments, &c. 
 
 At a general court martial, by which a sth. 
 number had been tried for divers crimes, 
 were alfo tried two followers of the army, 
 one for Healing a horfe, and the other for 
 robbing a foldier, and fentenced one 
 thoufand lafhes each, which were ordered 
 to be put in execution to-morrow the 6th. 
 
 Head Quarters, Tournay, ;th June, 1^94. 
 
 Parole debits. 
 
 * HIS Royal Highnefs the Duke of 
 York thinks it incumbent on him to an- 
 nounce
 
 t6d JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June, notince to the Britifli and Hanoverian 
 troops under his command, that the Na- 
 tional Convention of France, purfuing 
 that gradation of crimes and horrors which 
 has diftinguimed the periods of its go- 
 vernment, as the moft calamitous of 
 any that has yet occurred in the hiftory of 
 the world, has juft palled a decree, 
 *' that their foldiers mall give no quater 
 " to the Britifn and Hanoverian troops." 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs anticipates the 
 . indignation and horror which will natu- 
 rally arife in the minds of the brave troops 
 whom he addrefies, upon receiving this 
 information. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs de fires, how- 
 ever, to remind them, that mercy to the 
 vanquished is the brighten: gem in a fol- 
 dier's character ; and he exhorts them 
 not to fiifTer their refentment to lead them 
 to any precipitate adt of cruelty on their 
 part, which may fully the reputation they 
 have acquired in the world. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs believes, that it 
 will be difficult for brave men to conceive, 
 
 that
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 161 
 
 that any fet of men, who are themfclves June, 
 exempt from fharing in the dangers of ?th> 
 war, fhould be fo bale and cowardly as 
 to feek to aggravate the calamities of it 
 upon the unfortunate people who are fub- 
 jecl to their orders : it was, indeed, re- 
 ferved for the prefent time to produce to 
 the world the proof of the poffibility of 
 the exiftence of fuch atrocity and infamy. 
 " The pretence for ifluing this decree, 
 even if founded in truth, could juftify it 
 only to minds limilar to thofe of the 
 Members of the National Convention : 
 that is, in fa&, too abfurd to be noticed, 
 and flill lefs to be refuted ; the French 
 jnufl themfelves fee through the flimfy 
 artifice of a pretended afiailination, by 
 which Robefpierre has fucceeded in pro- 
 curing that military guard which has at 
 once eftabliihed him the fucceilor of the 
 unfortunate Louis, by whatever name he 
 may chufe to dignify his future reign. 
 
 " In all the wars which from the ear- 
 
 lieft times have exifted between the Eng- 
 
 liih and the French nations, they have 
 
 M been
 
 162 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June, been accuftomed to confider each other in 
 TJhT"^ the light of generous, as well as brave 
 enemies; while the Hanoverians, fora 
 century the allies of the former, have 
 fhared in this reciprocal efteem, huma- 
 nity, and kindnefs, which have at all 
 times taken place the inftant that oppofi- 
 tion has ceafed ; and the fame cloak has 
 frequently been feen covering wounded 
 enemies, while indifcriminately convey- 
 ing to the hofpitals of the conqueror. 
 
 <e The Britifh and Hanoverian armies 
 will not believe that the French nation, 
 even under their prefent infatuation, can 
 fo far forget their characters as foldiers, 
 as to pay any attention to a decree, as in- 
 jurious to themfelves as difgraceful to the 
 perfons who paffed it. 
 
 " On this confidence his Royal High- 
 nefs trufts, that the foldiers of both na- 
 tions will confine their fentiments of re- 
 fentment and abhorrence to the National 
 Convention alone, perfuaded that they 
 will be joined in them by every French- 
 man who poiTeffes one fpark of honour, 
 
 or
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. l6 
 
 or one principle of a foldier : and his June. 
 Royal Highnefs is confident that it 'will 7^7 
 only be on finding, contrary to every ex- 
 pectation, that the French army has re- 
 linquifhed every title to the fair character 
 of foldiers and of men, by fubmitting to, 
 and obeying fo atrocious an order, that 
 the brave troops under his command will 
 think themfelves juftified, and, indeed, 
 under the neceflity of themfelves adopt- 
 ing a fjpecies of warfare for which they 
 will then ftand acquitted to their own 
 confciences, to their country, and to the 
 world. In fuch an event the French 
 army alone will be anfwerable for the ten- 
 fold vengeance which will fall upon them- 
 felves, their wives, and their children, 
 and their unfortunate country, already 
 groaning under every calamity which the 
 accumulated crimes of unprincipled am- 
 bition and avarice can heap upon their 
 devoted victims. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs de fires that this 
 order may be read and explained to the 
 men at three fucceflive roll callings." 
 
 M 2 Nothing
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Nothing worth notice occurred till this 
 day; about eleven o'clock, A. M. we 
 were ordered to ftrike our tents, the bag- 
 gage to be fent off, and the major part of 
 the army to march in two columns ; ours 
 were to be formed at Pont a Chin, on 
 the road between Peck and Courtray. But 
 no movement taking place, we pitched 
 them again about feven o'clock. 
 
 In the afternoon a great deal of thunder 
 and lightning. For fome days pafl the 
 weather has been exceffive hot. 
 iSth. This morning a feu-de-joie was fired 
 all round the encampment, from the can- 
 non on the feveral batteries, in confe- 
 quence of a vidtory obtained over the 
 enemy on the Sambre, by the Prince of 
 Orange. The enemy loft 7000 men, 
 twenty-two pieces of cannon, thirty-five 
 ammunition waggons, baggage, frores, 
 &c. 
 
 In confequence of fome threatening 
 
 movement of the enemy, about one 
 
 o'clock, A. M. we ftruck our tents, and 
 
 the.BritiOi light cavalry, infantry, -and 
 
 i referve
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794- '65 
 
 referve artillery, were ordered to be ready June. 
 to march at four. About fix o'clock we l8t h, 
 marched from our encampment, leaving 
 the tents packed up, and baggage be- 
 hind. 
 
 We crofled .the Scheldt a little below 
 Tournay, and turning to the left, we 
 paffed the village of Kain, near the foot 
 of that pleafant place, Mount de la Tri- 
 nitie, and down along the fide of the 
 river through Obigies and Herinne, to a 
 village called Pottes, about fifteen miles 
 from Tournay. We reached this place 
 about midnight, and lay down in the ad- 
 joining fields ; the weather fortunately 
 was fine. 
 
 Throughout our march along the eaft 
 fide of the Scheldt, the profpecl: is ex- 
 ceedingly delightful, woods, inclufures, 
 fields, and meadows, mixed with the 
 moft beautiful variety ; every field co- 
 vered with the fineft crops we ever faw, 
 of wheat, barley, rye, flax, &c. and fo 
 rich in the foil, that fomc of the rye ftands 
 near eight feet high, and every other 
 M 3 fpecies
 
 l66 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Jiin<- f^ccies of grain proportionably exube- 
 
 i8th. 
 
 The iron hand of deftructive war has 
 not yet reached this pleafant fpot, and on 
 comparing it with the defolated regions 
 which we have lately occupied (though 
 the foil is equally fruitful in both) it 
 would make the moft unfeeling heart la- 
 ment the fatal confequences of war. 
 Wherever we go, the moft luxuriant 
 crops are unavoidably deftroyed, and the 
 moft fertile fields, now in June, afTume 
 the difmal profpect of November. 
 
 Before the conquering army the af- 
 frighted inhabitants fly, frequently leav- 
 ing their whole dependence behind them, 
 a prey. to the rapacious hand of plunder, 
 which in fpite of all order and difcfpline, 
 too often prevails \ anon they return 
 with trembling fteps, in hopes to find re- 
 lief and fhelter, when, behold, inftead 
 of their once happy cottage, a heap of 
 ruins ! all their hopes destroyed for ever, 
 none to pity, none to help ] 
 
 Let
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 167 
 
 Let the fympathetic heart draw a pic- June, 
 ture to itfelf of their iituation. 
 
 At eleven o'clock, A.M. we marched X 9 th 
 back again by the fame route to our for- 
 mer camp ground, at which we arrived 
 about five in the afternoon. 
 
 Laft night we lay on the ground with- 
 out our tents, except a few companies in 
 the brigade. The batt horfes which 
 iliould have followed the army having 
 miftaken the road, and did not arrive till 
 near fun-fet this evening. It rained confi- 
 derably both laft night and this morning^ 
 
 This evening a little before fun-fet, or- 
 ders were ifTued for all the heavy baggage 
 of the Britifh to be packed up, and af- 
 femble immediately on the left of our line 
 next Tournay, from whence it was con- 
 ducted to the other fide of the town to- 
 wards Leuze. 
 
 At the fame time the Auftrian troops 
 left us, being withdrawn to fome other 
 quarter. 
 
 Our army being thus diminifhed, it 
 
 became neceffary to contract the line of 
 
 M 4 our
 
 1 63 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June, our encampment, for which purpofe our 
 
 ~^ tents \vere ftruck after dark, and about 
 one o'clock next morning our new line 
 was formed ; the right near the village of 
 Orq, towards the Fauxbourg de Lille ; 
 the left reaching the heights near the 
 Orchus road ; the Britifh heavy cavalry 
 on the left. 
 
 3d. This day the heavy baggage fet off for 
 Gramont, where it is to be parked till 
 further orders. The bread waggons, &c. 
 are parked without the gate of Tournay, 
 towards the above place. Every imagi- 
 nation is wound up to the higbeft pitch, 
 in expectation of fome great event, from 
 fuch obvious preparations, but all is 
 doubt and uncertainty. Meanwhile 3 
 thoufand whimfical ftories are circulating 
 every hour among the foldiers. 
 
 It is certain, however, that General 
 Clairfait cannot maintain his ground in 
 Weil Flanders, and that if he gives way, 
 our poiition here will not be tenable. 
 
 *4th. Our fuipicions are now confirmed that 
 a retreat is intended, in cohfequence of 
 
 General
 
 CAMPAIGN OF I794-. 169 
 
 General Clairfait's being forced to fall June. 
 
 back - 
 
 About noon our whole army was in 
 
 motion, and palling through Tournay, 
 arrived about fun-fet at Ronaix, by g. 
 very pleafant road. The whole country 
 through which we marched, exhibits a 
 moft delightful fcene ; a pleafing variety 
 of hiils and vallies, woods and lawns, the 
 whole covered with the moll beautiful 
 verdure, while from the fummit of each 
 rifing ground you dilcover a new land- 
 fcape, above the power of art to defcribe. 
 
 Ronaix is a handfome lively town, has 
 a large market-place, well fupplied with 
 cloth, and cloaths ready made of all forts, 
 linen drapery, hardware, toys, &c. with 
 a great number of. hogs, which meat is 
 yery reafonable here. 
 
 It is furrounded, except on the fouth- 
 eafl, with hiils of a gentle afcent, co- 
 vered with wood, forming a kind of am- 
 phitheatre. 
 
 We pitched our camp in two parallel 
 lines, on the fouth-fide of the town ; the 
 
 infantry
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 June, infantry in front, and the heavy cavalry 
 
 ^ v " in the rear ; the light cavalry on the other 
 fide of the town towards Oudenarde. Our 
 out-pofts were now along the eafl fide of 
 the Scheldt. 
 
 27 th - A heavy cannonading has been heard 
 fince day-light toward Oudenarde and 
 beyond. 
 
 At noon our tents were ftruck, bag- 
 gage packed, and every thing in rea- 
 dinefs to march. General Clairfait be- 
 ing attacked by the enemy in three co- 
 lumns, but not prevailing, we pitched 
 our tents again at fix o'clock, P. M. 
 
 3oth. The enemy has lately bombarded Ou- 
 denarde, which is ftill in our poffeffion, 
 and from whence we have brought our 
 bread, forage, &c. fince we have been 
 here. 
 
 General Clairfait has fallen back to 
 Ghent. 
 
 It is reported the enemy has above three 
 hundred thoufand effective men on this 
 frontier, compared with which number 
 all our army is but a fmall piquet, 
 
 fe
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. I*/! 
 
 fo that we have begun to retreat ; it is July, 
 probable we may continue to do fo, 
 till we find a proper place to make a ftand 
 againfl: fuch unequal numbers. 
 
 Some days part have been exceeding ful- 
 try, and this evening there fell a little 
 rain, with a great deal of thunder and 
 Jightning. 
 
 Agreeable to the orders of yefterday, 3 d 
 the tents were ftruck at two o'clock this 
 morning, and about eight o'clock the 
 whole marched by the right in one co- 
 lumn in the following order, viz. The 
 Britifh infantry leading in the order of 
 battle, followed by the Heflian infantry 5 
 the Britifh cavalry follows the Heffian in- 
 fantry, and the column is clofed by the 
 Heihan cavalry. 
 
 About five o'clock, P. M. we reached 
 Gramont, a handfome town fituated on 
 the fouthern declivity of a hill, at the 
 bottom of which flows the river Dender, 
 which, in palling through the town, is 
 diyided into two branches, one for na- 
 vigation,
 
 1*72 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 July, vigation, and the other for water-mills, 
 bleaching, &c. 
 
 The cuftom or white-waftiing the out- 
 fide of their houfes adds greatly to the 
 beauty of the town, which feen from the 
 fouthward, the houfes rifing gradually 
 one above the other, has a very pleafant 
 profpect., On the top of the hill is an 
 obfervatory furrounded by a grove of 
 trees. 
 
 The greateft part of our road from 
 Ronaix to Gramont (which was a crofs 
 one) was through forefts, and over heights 
 of a considerable extent, covered with 
 , heath, which is the firfl barren ground 
 we have feen in this country : which, 
 however, by its variety, was very agree- 
 able, having many exceeding fine prof- 
 peds over the adjacent country, particu- 
 larly towards the fouth-eaft, where the 
 view was only bounded by the horizon. 
 4th. Struck our tents at three o'clock, 
 moved off the ground about feven ; the 
 whole of the Britifli marching in one co- 
 lumn, the brigade of guards in front. 
 
 We
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 173 
 
 We pitched our camp near the village July, 
 of Wambeke, about eight or nine miles ^ 
 to the wefhvard of Bruflels. 
 
 The country through which we parted 
 this day, is not exceeded in culture or 
 fertility by any we have yet feen. Num- 
 berlefs little hamlets and cottages, fhaded 
 with verdant groves, with fields or mea- 
 dows between, filled with all the luxuri- 
 ance of nature's bounty, among which 
 are great quantities of hops: 
 
 The peafants of both fexes were all 
 bufily employed, fome reaping, others 
 mowing, all in their feveral employ- 
 ments ; the children homely clad, but 
 ftrong and hearty, diverting themfelves 
 with innocent amufements, form a moft 
 complete and finifhed picture of rural in- 
 duftry, innocence, and happinefs. 
 
 The weather has been exceeding hot 
 yefterday and to-day, and as we march 
 always in the heat of the day it is very 
 fatiguing for troops carrying fo much 
 luggage as the Britifh generally do. 
 
 Halted.
 
 174 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 July. Halted. 
 
 TriC" Marched at five in the morning to 
 
 6th. Mollem, a village nearAfche, which is 
 
 fituated about fix miles from Bruflels 
 
 on the Chauflee to Dendermond, from 
 
 which it is alfo fix miles. 
 
 A column of General Clairfait's army 
 marched through Afche to Bruflels this 
 morning, which ' detained our column 
 forrie hours, as they eroded the road be- 
 fore us. 
 
 The Auflriaris have now entirely eva- 
 cuated Weil Flanders, with the French 
 , clofe at their heels. 
 
 The Earl of Moira, who has ftolen 
 a march with his army by fome means or 
 other from Oftend, has reached the Den- 
 der, and we hear that fome of his rear 
 guard was attacked at Aloft this after- 
 noon. 
 
 A heavy cannonade has alfo been heard 
 fouthward of BrulTels all this afternoon. 
 Weather very hot. 
 
 7th. At one o'clock P. M. ftruck our tents, 
 which, with all the wheel- carriages, fat 
 
 off
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 175 
 
 off at three, and at nine at night we pro- July. 
 ceeded in the following order of march, 
 viz. 
 
 Britifh heavy cavalry with the guns at- 
 tached to them in the rear. 
 
 Brigade of guards. 
 
 Two twelve-pounders, Britifli. 
 
 Two howitzers, ditto. 
 , Firft and fecond brigades of the line. 
 
 Two battalions of Heffians. 
 
 Two twelve-pounders, Britifli. 
 
 Two howitzers, ditto. 
 
 Five battalions, Medians. 
 
 Two battalions of Heflians and the ift 8th. 
 dragoon guards to march in the rear, in 
 order to fupport the rear guard under the 
 command of Major-general Dovey in 
 cafe of ncceffity. 
 
 In this order marching all night, pafling 
 through BrufTeghem and Gromberghen ; 
 we crofled the great canal leading from 
 BrufTels to Antwerp, at Verbrande 
 Brugghe about fun-riling, and from 
 thence proceeded through ' Eppeghem to 
 a village called Semps, where we retted. 
 
 The
 
 176 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 July. The tents, baggage, c. being fent for* 
 ward to Waerloos. The fertility of the 
 foil, and the induftry of the hufband- 
 man ftill continues through this country, 
 and Ceres fmiling amidfl her fields loaded 
 with weighty grain, promifes a plentiful 
 harveft, 
 
 Weather flill continues exceffive hot. 
 
 yth. This morning before one o'clock we 
 were all under arms, in the order of 
 march of yefterday, crofled the river 
 Senne, a few miles from Semps, and at 
 three o'clock in the morning pafled 
 through Malines, which appears to be a 
 fine, well-built town. The main ftreet, 
 which is wide, and ornamented with 
 many elegant buildings, along which is 
 the main road from BrufTels to Antwerp, 
 is about a mile long, at each end of which 
 Ms a lofty gate, adding an air of no final! 
 confequence to the town. It is furround- 
 f ed by a wide deep ditch, and a wall of 
 no great .flrength, ornamented at fmall 
 diftances with little towers, but the whole 
 .much decayed. A fine gravel walk ilia* 
 
 ded
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794- * 77 
 
 ded with lofty trees runs all round the j u i y . 
 rampart, which in fummer is very plea- th> 
 fant. 
 
 Near the middle of the town is a fpa- 
 cious market-place, ori one fide of which 
 is the town-hall, and near the other fide 
 ftands in view the fouth fide of their great 
 church, which is an ancient, Gothic 
 building, with a fquare tower. 
 
 Through the middle of the town flows i 
 the river Dyle, over which is a ftone 
 bridge with three arches j and below it 
 lay feveral vefTels of considerable burthen* 
 
 On leaving Malines we kept to the right 
 of the main road, croflmg the river 
 Neethe at the village of Duffel; from 
 thence we came acrofs the country to the 
 ehaufTee between Waerloos and Kontigh, 
 (the latter being head quarters) where we 
 encamped, almofl fmothered with dufl. 
 The foil of this country is a light fand, 
 Which, in this dry feafon wherever it is 
 trod upon, the wind raifes in clouds like 
 fmoke from a furnace, and covers every 
 furrounding objecfK 
 
 N This
 
 7& JOURNAL OF Tttfc 
 
 July. This day the army with the Earl of 
 
 -v ~* Moira joined us ; it frill continues to 
 
 ad: under his Lordfhip's command. 
 
 Ex f raft from Tejlerday*s Orders* 
 
 *' THE 3d dragoon guards will march 
 at half part ten o'clock ; they will proceed 
 very (lowly along the route of the march 
 of the column, which, it will carefully 
 patrole, obliging all carriages without ex- 
 ception to quit the chaufTee. 
 
 " The patroles will apprehend all per- 
 fons of any nation or denomination whom 
 they may find plundering, or committing 
 any irregularities." 
 
 This evening the enemy, who follow 
 clofe at our heels, commenced a fmart 
 cannonade with our advanced potts, which 
 lafted fome hours j but fome pieces of 
 cannon, and a reinforcement being fent 
 but, they thought fit to retire to a more 
 convenient diftance. 
 
 1 3th. In the evening came on a florin of 
 thunder and lightning, but not much rain ; 
 
 the
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 179 
 
 the latter would be very agreeable at this July. 
 time, as the ground by reafon of the ~**~~ 
 drought is like a heap of afhes. Water 
 being fo fcarce here we have begun to 
 fink wells, which fupply the deficiency 
 tolerably well. 
 
 The enemy arc approaching r.c^i -.y u i i^l* 
 out-poff .. coniMerable ftrength. This 
 morr^.g a bnik fire of muiketry was 
 kept up for above two hours by the pi- 
 quets, &c. after which the enemy retired. 
 Some battalions of Dutch and Heflians 
 being left in the town of Malines, the 
 entmy approached it in the morning, 
 when a heavy cannonade commenced, 
 which continued all day. 
 
 J 
 
 The enemy having poflefled themfelves x6th. 
 of Malines, our troops in front of our 
 portion have yefterday and to-day fent 
 back all their baggage towards Antwerp, 
 which indicate a retrogade movement for 
 the whole. A cannonade has been kept 
 up all this day between the out-pofts. 
 
 This day four light companies joined 
 
 the brigade with a fmall draught for the 
 
 N a Cold*
 
 l8o JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 July. Coldftream and ^d regiment. The light 
 companies joined the flank battalion, 
 which now confifls of twelve companies. 
 
 The out-ports of each army having 
 eflabliihed themfelves on their refpective 
 fides of the river Neethe, remain very 
 quiet. 
 
 Weather exceeding fultry. 
 aoth. Every thing has been very tranquil for 
 fome days pail. 
 
 Whatever enmity may be in the hearts 
 of the rulers of nations or conductors of 
 war againft each other, there feems to be 
 little animofity between individuals of the 
 different armies. Since the lyth the ad- 
 vanced polls of the French army have 
 been eflabliihed on one fide of the river 
 Neethe, and our's on the other; the river 
 is about thirty or forty paces wide; the 
 cannon are planted on both fides ready for 
 attack or defence ; yet the men walk 
 about, or careleflly lay on the bank on 
 each fide, and frequently converfe with 
 each other. Several of the French have 
 llript and fvvam over to our men, bring- 
 ing
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. l8l 
 
 ing with them gin and other liquors, and July. 
 after drinking with each other with the 
 utmoft franknefs and cordiality, fwim 
 back again to their pofts. 
 
 This familiarity was, however, ftrictly 
 forbidden as foon as known. 
 
 What reflecting mind but muft lament 
 the fatal cufrom, neceffity, or other 
 caufes, that urge men, not only without 
 remorfe, but with an ardent zeal to ckftroy 
 each other, between whom no caufe of 
 complaint ever exifted, but only to fa- 
 tiate the ambition, avarice, or revenge of 
 of a few individuals. 
 
 The flank battalion was divided, the 
 four companies of grenadiers put under 
 the command of Lieutenant-colonel Stan- 
 hope, and the eight companies of light 
 infantry under the command of Colonel 
 Sir James Duff. 
 
 Marched about five o'clock this morn- 2 ad. 
 ing in three columns ; our column en- 
 camped at Wyneghem, fix miles eaft of 
 Antwerp. 
 
 N 3 On
 
 JOURNAL OP THE 
 
 July. On the road near Antwerp are fome 
 very elegant feats of the nobility and gen- 
 try ; and where we encamped this day is 
 one with a very extenfive pleafure ground 
 and gardens, diverfified with all the va- 
 riety of woods, fhrubberies, fifh ponds, 
 canals, &c. but much out of repair, the 
 proprietor having abfconded, perhaps for 
 fome political reafon. 
 
 *3 d ' Marched at feven this morning, and 
 about two o'clock encamped near the vil- 
 lage of Weftwefel, on a vaft extended 
 plain covered with heath ; on the north 
 fide of which our encampment ftretched 
 for feveral miles. \ 
 
 s r 
 
 There is no comparifon between this 
 country and that we have lately paffed 
 through ; nothing now is feen but bar- 
 ren heaths, and except what we brought 
 with us, nothing is to be had either to eat 
 or drink ; not even water, but what we 
 have out of ditches or ponds. 
 
 The magazines of forage, dec. which 
 could not be removed from Antwerp, 
 
 were
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 183 
 
 were fet fire to, which burnt all this July. 
 day. 
 
 Marched and encamped about three 
 miles from Rofendale, eight or nine from 
 Bergen-op-Zoom ; Rofendale being our 
 head quarters. Here again are vafl plains, 
 hardly half covered with heath, and fmall 
 patches of wood here and there, which 
 never arrive to any confiderable growth ; 
 and where there happens to be a cottage, 
 the ground they occupy bears fo little, that 
 one would think it hardly repays them for 
 the cultivation. 
 
 We dug a great number of wells here, 
 and by that means were pretty well fup- 
 plied, with water, which, however, in 
 this country is neither plentiful nor good. 
 
 Orders given for the army to march 
 to-morrow morning at four o'clock, in 
 two columns, the heavy baggage being 
 already fent off. 
 
 At half pad three o'clock this morning 
 our march was countermanded, and about 
 five we were ordered under arms ; imme- 
 diately after three regiments of light in- 
 N ,
 
 184 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 July, funtry, the brigade of guards, two batta-r 
 30th< lions of KelTian grenadiers, and a few 
 fquadrons of other cavalry, marched to 
 the village of Nifpen, where we lay un- 
 der arms a fhort time, and then advanced 
 about two miles further to a common, 
 where we formed the line of battle. The 
 whole being only confidered as a recon- 
 noitering party, the light cavalry advan- 
 ced in ftrong patroles to difcover the ene- 
 my's pofition; when, in advancing to a 
 high ridge of fand hills, and feeing only 
 a few patroles of the enemy, who re- 
 treated upon their approach, they came 
 back again, and foon after we returned to 
 our encampment. 
 
 Extrafifrom the Orders of the. 2<)th. 
 
 For the information of the army, and 
 fo prevent difputes, the following is a 
 table of the value of the money in this 
 country : 
 
 DUTCH
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 DUTCH COINS, 
 
 Calculated at the par of eleven Florins Dutch Currency t 
 per Pound Sterling. 
 
 Dutch. Eng. 
 
 COINS. 
 
 A Dutch ducat worth 
 A coin of three florins 
 A ducatoon . . 
 
 A deilder 
 
 A coin of twenty-eight ftivers 
 A Ikillion 
 
 A Dutch gilder . . 
 A Dutch rix dollar 
 A lliver 
 
 ZEALAND COIN. 
 
 A rix dollar . . a la o 4 8| 
 
 A half ditto . . i 6 o a 4^ 
 
 A .quarter rix dollar . o 13 o i & 
 
 One-eighth ditto . .066 o 7 
 
 One {hilling . . 056 o 6 
 
 A double gee . . o o o z 
 
 A iliver . . . o i o o i 
 
 N. B. The foregoing calculation is 
 made as far as the fraction admits of one 
 farthing. 
 
 H.ad
 
 l86 JOURNAL OF 
 
 Aug. 
 v v ' Head Quarters, Rofendale, Auguft 3, 1 794, 
 
 faro/e St. George. 
 
 3<*r *' THE army marches to-morrow 
 morning at half paft three o'clock in the 
 following order : 
 
 " The left column to confift of Ha- 
 noverian and Heffian cavalry of the 2d 
 Jine ; Hanoverian and Heflian infantry 
 of the fame : t\vo Britifh twelve poun- 
 ders : Major-general Fox's, and Briga* 
 dier-general Graham's brigade : two ho- 
 witzers : Brigadier-general Balfou^s bri? 
 gade : infantry of the referye with their 
 guns (viz. the brigade of guards :) Bri- 
 tifti cavalry of the zd line : Hcflian 
 goons of the referve.*' 
 
 The right column was compofed 
 lar to the left. 
 
 The left column was ordered to march 
 through Etton, and to be under the com-. 
 mand of Lieutenant-general Sir William 
 Erikine : the right column through Sprin-
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 dall, under the command of General Aug. 
 
 Wv^^M 
 
 Count Walmoden. 
 
 Marched according to the orders of 4th, 
 yefterday, and palled through Breda, and 
 encamped near Ofterhout, on a Jarge 
 plain full of the veftiges of war. Mounts 
 were thrown up to a great height with 
 exceflive labour, and many railed plat- 
 forms, batteries, redoubts, &c. ftill re- 
 tained nearly their original form. 
 
 Here again we dug wells, and difca? 
 vered many old ones, which had been fil- 
 led up with wood, &c. at the bottom not 
 much decayed. 
 
 On that part of the common neareil 
 Breda are a great number of criminals 
 hung in chains, four of whom have been 
 lately executed, one broke upon the wheel, 
 and three hung. 
 
 One was chained up alive to a high 
 pofl refembling a crucifix ; one chain goes 
 round under his arms, one round his loins, 
 and a third round his ancles ; and in that 
 pofture it is faid that he lived three days, 
 and part of the fourth. I could not learn 
 2 t
 
 l88 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 AiTg. to any degree of certainty the feveral 
 ~" v ""' crimes of thefe men. 
 
 There are alfo the remains of a great 
 
 - many more unfortunate wretches fcattered 
 
 up and down this Golgotha ; as alfo the 
 
 fragments of feveral wheels and inftru- 
 
 ments of torture. 
 
 Our foldiers were ordered to take down 
 the carcafes and bury them, which they 
 did, and burnt the gallows, pofts, &c. 
 to which they had been fufpended. 
 
 Breda is a neat, well built town, ftrongly' 
 fortified, and the Dutch are now bufily 
 employed in repairing the works, and 
 making every neceflary preparation for a 
 vigorous defence, fhould the enemy at- 
 tempt it. The trees of every defcription 
 are cut down within cannon mot of the 
 town, and every thing removed that 
 might tend to favour the approach of the 
 enemy. 
 
 ttb. This day the engineers and others 
 pointed out places for throwing up re- 
 doubts, batteries, &c. in front of the en- 
 campment,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 campment, and working parties were or- Aug. 
 dered accordingly. 
 
 This day John Gorman, a private of i8th. 
 the 8th regiment of light dragoons, was 
 mot, purfuant to the fentence of a gene- 
 ral court martial, for mutiny. The whole 
 of the Britifh army was under arms on 
 the occafion. 
 
 About three o'clock, P. M. came on a igtfe. 
 moil terrible ftorm of hail and rain, ac- 
 companied with one continued roar of 
 thunder and flames of lightning ; it lafted 
 about thirty-five minutes, and fet the 
 country all afloat. 
 
 This day the Prince of Orange vifited a/jd. 
 Breda, and infpe<5led the inundations, 
 which have perfectly well fucceeded. 
 
 Early this morning a patrole coniifting 24th. 
 of 800 cavalry, and 200 infantry, with 
 four pieces of Heffian flying artillery, 
 were lent out to reconnoitre. Upon com- 
 ing near the village of Tilbourg, they re- 
 ceived information that a piquet of 500 
 French were in it, they accordingly made 
 the neceflary arrangements for furround- 
 
 ing
 
 JOt/RNAL O* TJlfc 
 
 Aug. ing the village, but a ferjeant of the i6tli 
 light dragoons deferting to the enemy, 
 gave them timely notice, by which means 
 they made their efcape. 
 
 This being the birth-day of the Prince 
 of Orange, a grand entertainment was 
 made at head quarters. In the evening 
 the Prince, Princefs, and feVeral others 
 of their relations, -in carriages, viewed 
 the army drawn up at the head of their 
 refpective encampments. 
 
 i8th. This night at ten o'clock orders were 
 iffued to ftrike the tents immediately, and 
 the army to march at twelve. 
 
 agth. Accordingly we marched foon after 
 twelve, and this afternoon encamped on 
 a wide plain in front of Bois-le-Duc. 
 
 Marched at four o'clock this morning 
 through Bois-le-Duc, and encamped on 
 (bme large plains behind it ; head quar- 
 ters being at a village called Udden. 
 
 36th. Bois-le-Duc is a large, beautiful, po- 
 pulous town, flrongly fortified both by 
 nature and by art, there being only two 
 roads leading to it, one on the fouth and 
 
 the
 
 CAM*AlfeN OF 1794. Ipl 
 
 ttie other on the north ; thefe roads are Aug. 
 raifed with much labour feveral feet above ""^ 
 the level of the meadows through which 
 they pafs, near a mile in length ; thefe 
 meadows can be inundated at pleafure ; 
 and thefe palTes are fo defended, that it is 
 impoflible to force them. 
 
 The Britifh infantry were brigaded as 
 follows, taking place the jcth inftant: 
 
 Brigades of Infantry In the Duke of 
 Tork's Armv. 
 
 s 
 
 Firft brigade, Major-general Stewart, ^d; 31^. 
 
 40th, 55th, 5pth, and 89th regiments. 
 Second brigade, do. 8th, 27th, 28th, and 
 
 57th do. 
 Third brigade, do. iath, 33d, 4zd, and 
 
 44th do. 
 Fourth brigade, Major-general Fox, I4th, 
 
 37th, 38th, and 63d do. 
 Fifth brigade, do. 1 5th, 53d, 54th, and 
 
 88th do. 
 
 Head quarters were this day changed to s*pt. 
 Burlecombe. * 
 
 Nothing
 
 192 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Sept. Nothing particular occurred till this 
 
 *4th. day, when the enemy advanced to the 
 eartward of Bois-le-Duc, with a very 
 fuperior force, feemingly with a de- 
 fign to cut off our retreat ; confequently 
 our iituation being no longer tenable, this 
 night at eleven o'clock the referve, con* 
 lifting of the brigade of guards, and the 
 3d brigade of the line, with a proportion 
 of cavalry and artillery, were ordered to 
 march, under the. command of that brave 
 and gallant officer Major-general Aber- 
 crombie. 
 
 $&. At day-light they began the attack upori 
 the enemy's advanced ports, but without 
 forcing them back ; however, it effectu- 
 ally anfwered the purpofe intended of 
 checking their advance, and our troops 
 made a very good retreat back to the camp 
 with very little lofs. 
 
 i6th. Meanwhile the army Was on its march 
 for Graaf, on the river Meufe. The 
 baggage, tents, &c, being fent off in the 
 morning, we marched at midnight, and 
 about four o'clock next morning paffed 
 i through
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794* 193 
 
 through Graaf, crofled the river Meufe Sept. 
 on a pontoon bridge, and encamped 
 at a finall diftance from the river, to the 
 right, near the village of Wicken, which 
 was head quarters.' 
 
 Graaf, or Grave, is a fmall but very 
 #rong place, apparently in good repair. 
 The river wafhes its walls en the north 
 fide* 
 
 A full allowance of fpirits was ordered 
 for the troops this day. 
 
 This day the army marched about five 41 ft. 
 miles further back, and encamped on a 
 hilly common about four or five miles 
 fouth of Nimeguen. 
 
 This fituation is very convenient for 
 wet weather, being a dry moorifh foil* 
 which lays high, but no water to be found 
 near. 
 
 The Meufe is now the barrier between 
 us and the French, and had we a little 
 more force, we might defend it ; but we 
 are only a handful compared to their 
 multitudes, and they appear to be equally 
 O as
 
 J94 JOURNAL OF rut 
 
 Sept. as well appointed in every refpedl as 
 are, both cavalry and infantry. 
 
 sad. The enemy made fome attempts to 
 approach the river above Grave, but they 
 were repulfed and loft one piece of can- 
 non. 
 
 23d. In order to put a ftop to that fcanda- 
 lous and too prevalent practice of plunder- 
 ing, his Royal Highnefs gave this day in 
 pubjic orders a pointed addrefs to the offi- 
 cers of the army, and another caution to 
 the men ; at the fame time empowering 
 the Provoft to execute on the fpot any one 
 \vhorn he might detect in the commiilion 
 of that act of difobedience. 
 
 A great deal of rain this night, with 
 thunder and lightning. 
 
 24th. This evening the enemy made fome ad- 
 vances towards the out- pofts of Grave, but 
 they were again repulfed. 
 Very ftormy weather. 
 
 *$th. This day a fpy .drefled in the uniform 
 of an emigrant hulTar, was taken up near 
 the camp -, as foon as he found himfelf 
 detected, he fwallowed fome poifon 
 
 which
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 
 
 which he had ready prepared. He was 
 conducted to head quarters alive, but al- 
 though every medical afliftance was ap- 
 plied, he died foon after. 
 
 It being difcovered that fome corref- 6th. 
 pondence has been carried on between 
 fome futlers who follow the camp, and 
 the enemy ; an order was iflued to appre- 
 hend all fufpe&ed perfons of that defcrip- 
 tion, but nothing of any importance was 
 difcovered. 
 
 In confequence of the enemy bringing *9th 
 a great force towards Gennep, and above 
 it, the brigade of guards, the ^d brigade 
 of the line, a brigade of Britifli light ca* 
 valry, and the huflars of Salem, were or- 
 dered to march at fix o'clock this morn- 
 ing to Gennep, from which place General 
 Abercrombie, with thofe under his com- 
 mand, removed farther up the river, to 
 communicate, if poflible, with the right 
 of the Auftrians. 
 
 Several of our officers and thofe of the 3oth. 
 French converfed with each other acrofs 
 the river at Gennep, mutually inviting 
 O 2 each
 
 p JOURNAL OF 
 
 Sept. each other to dinner, but which invita- 
 tion neither party thought proper to ac- 
 
 . . "cept. 
 
 O'A. The Auftrians under General Clairfait 
 having been defeated, and confequently 
 expofed our left flank uncovered, which 
 the enemy feemed inclined to turn, and 
 being alfo in great force on our right, 
 hear Battenburg, at which place they 
 feem preparing to crofs the river ; his 
 Royal Highnefs thought it expedient to 
 contract his army to a more central point, 
 as it was impoffible to defend the vaft 
 extent which it now occupied. 
 
 5th. Accordingly the principal part of the 
 forces were drawn towards Nimeguen, 
 where a bridge had previoufly been 
 thrown over the Waal, and the heavy 
 baggage have already parted. 
 
 In confequence of this we marched 
 from Gennep at twelve at night through 
 Grolbeck to Nimeguen. The night was 
 extraordinary dark and rainy, and the 
 roads rough and ilippery, fo that none 
 could walk many yards without ftumb-
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 197 
 
 ling or falling, which made it one of the oa. 
 moll toilfome marches we ever met with. 
 About the time we arrived at Grofbeck 
 we difcerned day-light appearing, which 
 made every heart ready to ling with Mil- 
 ton, 
 
 Hail, holy Light, &c. 
 
 We pitched our tents by the gates of 
 Nimeguen. 
 
 Nimeguen is a large, populous town, 
 flrongly fortified, {landing on a riling 
 ground on the fouth banks of the river 
 Waal, and the works have been put in a 
 {late of good repair, and are very ftrong ; 
 but there are none towards the river 
 which is large, and runs with a very flrong 
 current ; but there is a fort on the oppo- 
 fite fide. 
 
 At eight o'clock this morning we 6th. 
 crofled the Waal, on a bridge of boats, 
 leaving a number of troops behind us to 
 garrifon the town of Nimeguen ; we 
 marched about feven or eight miles along 
 the dyke, which runs by the north fide 
 O of
 
 198 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Oft. of the river. Thefe dykes, with which 
 6th. every river in this part of the country is 
 bounded, are raifed about twenty feet 
 above the level of the country, with gra- 
 vel roads on the top, wide enough for 
 two carriages to pafs each other. We were 
 cantoned in a number of fmall villages, 
 and received in general but very indiffe- 
 rent treatment from the inhabitants, who 
 by the bye, if we may judge from ap- 
 pearances, are no friends to us, and give 
 Old England but little thanks for ex- 
 pending her blood and treafure in defend- 
 ing them from the incurfions of the Car- 
 magnols, whom they would certairily 
 make more welcome than us : indeed 
 many of them fay fo to our face, and 
 we have every reafon to believe that what 
 they fay is true. 
 
 A very fingular circumftance happened 
 this day, the particulars are as follow : 
 
 A few miles before we arrived at our 
 place of deftination, from fome obftruc- 
 tion in the front among the waggons, the 
 Column made a halt for a few minutes, 
 
 during
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 during which time a young lad, a driver, oa. 
 went to a houfe near the road, and whe- ^Jj" 
 ther he had taken away any thing without 
 paying for it, or from what other caufe we 
 knew not, but he was (hut out of the 
 houfe, fired at from the windows, and 
 flightly wounded ; feveral other fhots 
 were fired from the windows, and a man 
 of die name of Street, belonging to the 
 i ft regiment, was much wounded and 
 fell. This foon alarmed thofe who were 
 near, and a crowd of the grenadier batta- 
 lion afTembling round the houfe, Serjeant 
 Malpas, the drill ferjeant of the batta- 
 lion, was ordered by an officer to go and 
 examine into the matter. He according- 
 ly went, and in forcing the door open 
 broke his fword in half, and following a 
 man up flairs received a ftab with a fword 
 in the left breaft, upon which he came 
 down, and taking a firelock from a 
 foldier, was going up flairs again, when 
 the man or men above (hot him dead on 
 the fpot : he fell backwards, and was 
 taken out of the houfe by thofe prtfent. 
 O 4 This
 
 20O JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 This fo enraged the foldiers, that they 
 inftnntly fet fire to the houfe, which be- 
 ing thatched, in a few minutes was all in 
 a blaze In the mean time every one was 
 watching to fee who fhould come out of 
 the houfe. Two men foon jumped out 
 at a window, one of which foon difap- 
 peared, the other they feized and in- 
 ftantly hung upon a tree while his houfe 
 tvas in flames, and after mooting at, 
 and otherwife mangling him, left him 
 hanging, as a dreadful example to his vil- 
 lainous countrymen. 
 
 Two women, one of which had a 
 child in her arms, came out of the houfe 
 after it was fet on fire, and were fuffered 
 to go unmolefled ; the woman who had 
 the child was wounded in the thigh and 
 bled very much. 
 
 It was fufpe&ed from the firing that 
 was kept up from the windows that there 
 were more than two men in the houfe, 
 and that they might probably have con- 
 cealed themfelves in the cellars ; on that 
 account a ferjeant and fifteen men were 
 
 left
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 2OI 
 
 left at the houfe during the night, but oa. 
 nothing appeared to confirm that opinion. 
 
 This is a very ominous prelude to our 
 winter quarters among the Dutch ; how- 
 ever, foldiers are not apt to be fupeHli- 
 tious. 
 
 Marched at eight o'clock, pafling yth. 
 through Thiel about twenty miles down 
 the river fide, and were cantoned at the 
 moft convenient places all along the fide 
 of the river. The grenadiers of the 
 guards oppofite Bommel, the light infan- 
 try battalion at Nergnen, Meteron, Afte, 
 &c. the other battalions of the guards on 
 our left, and the line of Britifh, and Hef- 
 iians, &c. extending as far up the river 
 (ide as to communicate with the right of 
 the Auftrian army from Emmerick.* 
 
 The Dutch troops are on our right as iath. 
 far as Gorcum, &c. and feveral Britifh 
 troops occupy the diftrict of Bommel. 
 The enemy having got pofTeflion of Fort 
 St. Andre by the treachery of the Dutch 
 commander, Lieutenant-general Aber- 
 crombie was ordered to retake it, which, 
 
 he
 
 202 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 he accordingly did, without lofing a 
 man : a piquet, confirming of about 400 
 infantry, with artillery, &c. kept poffef- 
 flon of it, and was relieved every forty- 
 eight hours. 
 
 Lieutenant-general Abercrombie, who 
 commands in this diftrict, has eftabliihed 
 his quarters at Bommel. 
 
 Head quarters are at Arnheim. 
 
 ?7th. The grenadier battalion, and two com- 
 panies of the light infantry, were detached 
 to the pott of Heldt, fix miles below 
 Bommel, where they remained till the 
 ztfth. The enemy are very numerous op- 
 pofite to us. and make fome attempts to 
 retake fort St. Andre almoft every day. 
 They have thrown fome fhells into 
 Thiel. 
 
 aoth. Yeflerday the enemy made a general at- 
 tack on all the out-polls from Nimeguen. 
 The jyth regiment of foot behaved with 
 great gallantry ; but unfortunately miila- 
 king a-ftrong body of French huflars for 
 the huflars of the regiment Rohan in our 
 fervice, fuffered them to enter the village 
 
 in
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794. 
 
 in which they were, when the hulTars oa. 
 turning upon them, killed or took pri- 
 foners, it is faid, all of them, except 
 Major Hope who commanded, and about 
 fifty men. 
 
 This day and yefterday the enemy 24$* 
 made a movement towards Nimeguen, 
 which place they feem determined to have, 
 coft what it may. 
 
 We think it is impofllble for them to 
 crofs the Waal, if the Dutch ftand true 
 to their truft. The whole of the river is 
 commanded by our guns, and batteries 
 erected all along the dyke at convenient 
 diftances, befides which, a road is made 
 behind the dyke for guns, carriages, &c. 
 to pafs and repafs ; and the river Waal 
 rolls down in fuch a torrent, that to 
 conftruft any thing like a bridge over it, 
 would require much time and trouble. 
 
 A change of pofition taking place in 3otb. 
 the army towards our left, the brigade of 
 guards marched at night, fo as to occupy 
 the following places an hour before day- 
 light in the morning : 
 
 i Grena-
 
 2Q4 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 oa. Grenadiers, Wadpnoyin. 
 
 Light infantry and ift regiment, Thiel. 
 
 Coldftream, Yoondon. 
 
 Third regiment, SandgateandEchteld. 
 
 The heavy baggage of the army was 
 ordered to crofs the Leek at Wagenigen, 
 to fome villages below Rhenen. 
 3ift. Marched this night, and before day- 
 light took the following cantonments : 
 
 Grenadier and light infantry, Dode- 
 waart. 
 
 Firfl regiment, Heins. 
 
 Coldftream, Eelft. 
 
 Third regiment divided between the 
 two laft mentioned places. 
 
 The French fired feveral fhot at fome 
 of our waggons, with fick, &c. which 
 came along the dyke, but did no da- 
 mage. 
 
 Nov. Several fhells were thrown into ThieL 
 A heavy cannonading heard towards Fort 
 St. Andre. 
 
 4tk The cannonading at Fort St. Andre ftill 
 continues. 
 
 At
 
 CAMPAIGN Of 1794. 
 
 At two o'clock, P. M. our troops Nov. 
 made a fortie from Nimeguen, and with- *~^ 
 out firing a fhot, entered the enemy's 
 entrenchments, and put all they found 
 to the bayonet. In the mean time the 
 cavalry getting round the flanks, made 
 terrible havock among the French : it is 
 reported not lefs than 600 were killed, 
 and a great number wounded, who got 
 away. Prifoners they took none. Ge- 
 neral de Burgh commanded, and the 
 troops engaged were the buffers of Da- 
 mas ; Britifh cavalry, ifth light dra- 
 goons ; infantry, 8th, ayth, 28th, 55th, 
 6jd, and 78th regiments; with two batta- 
 lions of Hanoverian infantry, and the 
 Hanoverian garde du corps. 
 
 The troops began to evacuate Nime- 6th. 
 guen, in confequence of which our bri- 
 gade again changed its poft, in order to 
 make room for them. 
 
 The i ft and 3d regiments to Thiel. 
 
 Grenadiers to Drumpt. 
 
 Light infantry to Wadonoyin. 
 
 Coldftream to Sandyke. 
 
 Nime-
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Nov. Nimeguen was entirely evacuated this 
 9ih. day; but the enemy having brought fome; 
 guns to bear on the bridge, a random 
 ihot cut a rope, by which part of the 
 bridge fwung round to the enemy's fide, 
 and about 800 Dutch were taken prifo- 
 ners. The lofs would not be great if they 
 Were all taken. 
 
 Several regiments having lately joined 
 our army, the whole of the Britifh in^ 
 fantry were brigaded in the following 
 order : 
 
 *3 rtl Brigades of Britifh Infantry. 
 
 Firft brigade, Major-general Stewart, 
 
 30th, 4Oth, 55th, 59th, and ^pth re* 
 
 giments. 
 Second do. Major-general de Burgh, 8th, 
 
 37th, 44th, 57th, and 88th do. 
 Third do. Major-general Balfour, I2th, 
 
 33d, 42d, and 78th do. 
 Fourth do. Major-general Fox, I4th, 
 
 38th, 63d, and Both do. 
 Fifth do. do. 1 9th, 54th, 84th, and 89th 
 
 do. 
 
 Sixth
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794- 
 
 Sixth do. do. 27th, 28th, 53d,' and 8^th 
 do. 
 
 The Tick have been frequently fent to 
 the general hofpitals, totally deftitute of 
 neceffaries, the fatal confequence of 
 which practice is evident in this fevere 
 feafon. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs, always attentive 
 to the good of the foldiers, ifTued an or- 
 der, directing the commanding officers 
 of regiments to pay very particular atten- 
 tion to this object; and likewife ordering 
 the furgeons, purveyors, &c. at the hof- 
 pitals, to provide them with what is ne- 
 ceflary. 
 
 Lafl night a barn wherein a company 
 of the light infantry was quartered, 
 caught fire, which, with the adjoining 
 houfe, was confumed. Several articles 
 belonging to the men were deflroyed, but 
 no lives loft. 
 
 A fevere froft fetin. 
 
 The enemy having laid fiege to Grave, 
 we frequently hear the cannonading there. 
 
 The
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 -^ * . The brigade of guards changed their 
 cantonments again ; the grenadiers to 
 Arnheim ; ift regiment to Elden, near 
 Amhun ; Coldilream to , and 
 3d regiment to Valburgh. 
 
 The light infantry remained on the out* 
 poft, and was cantoned at Ofterhout, 
 nearly oppofite Nimeguen. 
 
 There are fourteen Britifh regiments 
 noxv along the Waal, from Ofterhout to 
 Wadonoyin ; the Dutch on the right to* 
 wards Gorcum, and beyond ; and Hef- 
 fians and Hanoverians on the left. There 
 are alfo five regiments hutted behind 
 OHerhout. 
 
 a8th. Working parties from the brigade, of 
 400. men, daily are employed in com- 
 pleting the defence of the Waal, oppoiite 
 Nimeguen. 
 
 3oth. T ne frft being gone, the roads (ex- 
 cept on the dykes) are fo deep as to be al- 
 molt impafTable. 
 
 The general rumour now is, of a peace 
 being negotiating, and I think fome be- 
 lieve it, but all wifb. for it* 
 
 The
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1794* 20$ 
 
 The number of fick has increafed of Nov. 
 iate in fuch an extraordinary manner, that 
 above half the number of fome battali- 
 ons are now in the feveral hofpitals. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs has been pleafed Dec. 
 to order the commanding officers of re- 
 giments, on application from their fur- 
 geons, to fupply the fick with whatever 
 quantity of wine may be neceflary. 
 
 Laft night a tremendous cannonade was 
 kept up at Grave, and with fmall inter- 
 vals all this day. 
 
 Laft night we heard no firing from $tb. 
 Grave, but fome few (hots this day. All 
 quiet here. 
 
 The French fentries and our's fre- 7 th. 
 quently converfe acrofs the river ; they 
 complain of having no liquor, and very 
 little meat. 
 
 The ficknefs ftill continues among our j&h. 
 troops ; numbers are fent to the hofpitals 
 every day. 
 
 The general hofpital for the Britiftr, 
 
 which has been at Rhenen for five or fix 
 
 P months
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Dec. months paft, is now crowded, and thirty 
 or forty dying every day. 
 
 9 th - Grave ftill holds out, from whence was 
 heard a very heavy cannonading laft night. 
 It is not cuftomary for Dutchmen to fland 
 fo much fire. 
 
 Our commander in chief being gone to 
 England, the command of the allied 
 army devolves on Lieutenant-general 
 Count Walmoden, and the Britiih are 
 more particularly under the command of 
 Lieutenant-general Harcourt, 
 
 nth. Early this morning a number of the 
 enemy crofled the river above Nimeguen, 
 on the left of the canal, in fome boats, 
 drove back the Heffians, and fpiked fome 
 pieces of cannon; but a reinforcement ar* 
 giving, they retreated back again without 
 much lofs. 
 
 General de Bufch, with iixteen rank 
 and file, were killed. 
 
 All is quiet this day, not a.fingle gun 
 to be heard, neither from Grave nor along 
 the Waal. 
 
 As
 
 CAMPAIGN OP 1794. 211 
 
 As a ftorm is frequently preceded by a Dec. 
 a calm, fo we may expect fome work to 
 do foon ; flufhed with victory, and of 
 an active enterprifing fpirit, we cannot 
 expect the French will remain long idle. 
 
 The enemy made another attempt to jjth. 
 crofs the river near the fame place as be- 
 fore, but were repulfed. 
 
 A heavy firing alfo at Grave* 
 
 General de Bufch was buried with the i4th. 
 ufual military honours, in the great church 
 at Arnheim. 
 
 A fevere froft fet in again. The firing is th * 
 at Grave continues. 
 
 Every thing remains quiet* Nothing 
 heard from Grave. 
 
 Sicknefs ftill increafes. . az d. 
 
 Froft continues fevere*. with a fall of a $th. 
 fnow. 
 
 Meat, and every other article of liv- 
 ing is very fcarce here, on account of the 
 bridge being broke down at Arnheim by 
 the ice. 
 
 The ice being fufficiently ftrong in 8tb. 
 many places to admit infantry to crofs, 
 P 2 about
 
 212 JOURNAL OF TM 
 
 Dec. about 700 of the French crofled the Waal 
 at Bommel, and made a lodgement under 
 the dyke, where they continued two days. 
 Some of them penetrated near to Molein, 
 but were driven back again with very 
 little lofs. Our lofs was two officers 
 wounded, and twelve rank and file killed. 
 
 Orders are iiTued for the fick and heavy 
 baggage of the army to be fent beyond 
 the Leek with all poffible expedition. 
 
 Several movements took place in order 
 to ftrengthen the defence of the river to- 
 wards Thiel and Bommel; the rft re- 
 giment and grenadiers marched to Dode- 
 waart, from whence others moved to- 
 Thiel, &c. 
 
 Where is now the boafled fecurity of 
 the Dutch, with all their inundations ? 
 Behold 'the hand of Omnipotence arrefts 
 the rapid current ; a fmooth firm pafTage, 
 is made over the waves, which all human 
 "power and wifdom cannot prevent, and 
 even their chief defence is made fubfervi- 
 ent to the deligns of the enemy. Froft 
 ftill continues. 
 
 Marched
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. ^ 
 
 Marched this' morning : the grenadiers Jan. 
 and light infantry to Dodewaart and 7 
 Ochton ; the i ft regiment to YfTendorn ; Jlt ' 
 and the 3d regiment to Echleldt. 
 
 The rivers are all completely froze 
 over, and pafTable at moft places. 
 
 Froft continues exceflive fevere. Every ad. 
 arrangement is made for a retreat acrofs 
 the Leek ; the fick are removing from 
 the general hofpital at Rhenen, and every 
 thing indicates a fpeedy movement ; but 
 where we are to make a ftand next time, 
 God only knows. 
 
 Froft ftill continues, and our fick in- 3<i. 
 creafe. Duty is, and has been, very 
 hard, and fuel and provifions are very 
 fcarce. 
 
 This morning the artillery began to ^th. 
 deftroy the limbers and carriages of the 
 guns on the feveral batteries; as all guns, 
 ammunition, &c. that cannot be taken 
 away, are ordered to be deftroy ed. 
 
 Orders having been previoufly given, 7 rh. 
 and the cannon and ammunition t,n the 
 batteries along the Waal being destroyed 
 P 3 as
 
 14 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Jan. as much as polTible, the army abandoned 
 7t h. the poft on that river, and croflcd the 
 Leek at feveral places, as previoufly or- 
 dered. The Coldltream and $d regiment 
 did not crofs that day, for the enemy 
 following up clofely, feveral fkirmifhes 
 enfued, in which the 3d regiment had 
 one killed and feveral wounded. The 
 grenadiers, light infantry, and lit regi- 
 ment croffed at Rhenen. 
 
 Rhenen is a fmall town, but pleafantly 
 fituated on the north banks of the river 
 Leek ; it has no fortification, except 3 
 wall and dry ditch, which hardly deferves 
 that name. 
 
 It has a fmall church, with a very 
 high fteeple, of a noble appearance and 
 elegant architecture. 
 
 Part of the church, and a large build- 
 ing refembling a monaftry adjoining, has 
 been converted into an hofpital iince Au- 
 guft laft, for the whole of the Britifh 
 army. The hofpital, as well as every 
 other place, are filled with foldiers, and 
 no trade of any kind appears. Several 
 
 large
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 215 
 
 large temporary hofpitals have been erected Jan. 
 in the fields adjoining. 
 
 The great mortality which has lately 
 pervaded this army, added to the fhame- 
 ful abufe and neglect in feveral of the 
 hofpital departments, has made it a per- 
 fect Golgotha. Upwards of four thou- 
 fand men having been buried here with* ^ 
 in the laft three months. 
 
 At this time near half the army are 
 fick, and the other half much fatigued 
 with hard duty. This is now the tenth 
 day fince any of us has had a night's reft, 
 or had time to undrefs. 
 
 About one o'clock this morning we re^ 
 crofled the Leek, meafures being taken 
 and arrangements made to attack the 
 enemy at Thiel by day-light this morn- 
 
 ing. 
 
 But the enemy was beforehand with us, 8tb. 
 and inf^ead of waiting for us, they at- 
 tacked General Qundas's out->pofts from 
 Burn, &c. and alfp crofled the Waal at 
 l qther places in very great force. 
 
 P 4 We
 
 l6 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Jan. We formed aline in the morning along 
 the dyke on the fouth fide of the Leek. 
 One of our fentries Ihot an emigrant huf- 
 far as he was patroling in front of our 
 pofts, miftaking him for one of the 
 enemy, whofe drefs his very much re- 
 fembled. 
 
 >th. Every thing very quiet this day. The 
 army is prodigioufly crowded, and the 
 wretched inhabitants greatly diftreffed, 
 Froil continues fevere, with a fall of 
 fnow. 
 
 ioth. The brigade crofTed the Leek a fecond 
 time, and took our pofts on the heights, 
 to the left of Rhenen ; flickered a little 
 in the large fheds ufed for the purpofe of 
 drying tobacco, of which there are great 
 numbers, as that plant is much cultivated 
 here, and feems to thrive well. Froft ex- 
 ceffive fevere. 
 
 iith. Changed our portion to the right of 
 Rhenen, and ftrong piquets advanced 
 acrofs the Leek. Here alfo we took 
 fhelter in thefe tobacco fheds, three or 
 four companies in one fhed. The fick 
 
 are
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795, 17 
 
 jire removing from the hofpital as fail as Jan. 
 poflible. ""*"* 
 
 Heard a heavy cannonading on our i*th. 
 left towards Arnheim, or beyond. Every 
 thing quiet here. 
 
 Froft ftill continues. i 3 th. 
 
 The manner of burying the dead fol- 
 diers here is adapted to the circumftances 
 of the times : in a field appointed for that 
 purpofe, a large hole is dug in the ground, 
 from twelve to twenty feet fquare, more 
 or lefs, and twelve or fourteen feet deep; 
 here the coffins are piled regularly one 
 above another, from the bottom to with- 
 in a foot or two of the furface ; then they 
 begin another row, complete that to the 
 top, and fo on till the hole is full, when 
 they cover the whole over with earth, and 
 then dig another. They are not many 
 days in filling a hole, and the exceilive 
 feverity of the fro ft prevents any fmell 
 from arifing, which otherwife would be 
 intolerable. 
 
 I obferved on pafling by Valenciennes, 
 
 on the 1 5th of October, 1793, in our 
 
 2 ' route
 
 JOURNAL pF THE 
 
 route to Englefontaine, that the inhabu 
 tants there had adopted the fame method 
 of burying their dea4 in a place about half 
 a inije diftant from the town, only thaj: 
 they always covered the coffin with a 
 little earth before they left it, fp that only 
 the fide of it could be feen. 
 
 This might poffibly be occasioned by 
 the great mortality which prevailed there 
 at that time, in confequence of the late 
 fiege. 
 
 1 4th. This day the enemy made a general at- 
 tack on our out-pofts on the fouth fide of 
 the J^eck, moft of which were driven 
 back, while the French appeared ad- 
 vancing in all quarters, especially toward? 
 our right, where we had a full view of a 
 column of cavalry and infantry advancing 
 towards the river, but before^ they reached 
 it, they made a halt. Our piquet oppo- 
 te Rhenen flood the conteil al( the aitcr- 
 noon, till darknefs put an end to their 
 firing. A few were killed, and Capt, 
 Wheatly of flie light infantry was wound- 
 ed, with a number 9f men. 
 
 . After
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795^ 
 
 After dark the piquets were withdrawn, 
 and abouit midnight the whole army 
 marched by different routes, which had 
 been previoufly marked out, for the river 
 YiTel, and totally abandoned the Leek, 
 leaving about 250 fick in Rhenen hofpi- 
 tal, unable to be moved. 
 
 We marched down to Amoringen, and i$th, 
 from thence {truck acrofs a common to 
 the villages of Scharpenzaal, Renfvvort, 
 and Wilderen. The flank battalions occu- 
 pied Renfwort, arid clofe adjoining is a 
 remarkable pleafant feat of fome noble- 
 man. We pafled by on our march fome 
 exceeding ftrong works, well mounted 
 with cannon, on the line of the inunda- 
 tion between Amersfort and the Rhine ; 
 but our night marches having fo fatigued 
 us, and the cold fo excefTive fevcre, that 
 no profpeci could give us any fatisfadtion, 
 nor was any fight pleafing except a fire. 
 
 The brigade of guards, and Colonel i6th. 
 Strutt's brigade of the line were ordered 
 to march at four o'clock and aflemble at 
 J^unteron, and await the orders of Ma- 
 jor-general
 
 22O JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Jan. jor-general de Burgh : we accordingly 
 niarched at the appointed hour, and after 
 a very tedious journey, about three o'clock 
 in the afternoon reached the verge of an 
 immenfe defart, called the Welaw ; when, 
 in ftead of having gained a refling place 
 for the night as we expected, were in- 
 formed that we had fifteen miles further 
 to go, 
 
 , Upon this information many began to 
 be much dejected, and not without rea- 
 fon j for feveral of us,- befides fuffering 
 the feverity of the weather and fatigue of 
 the march, had neither eat nor drank any 
 thing except water that day, 
 
 For the flrft three or four miles fuch a 
 difmal profpect appeared as none of us 
 was ever witnefs to before; a bare fandy 
 defart with a tuft of withered grafs, or 
 folitary ihrub, here and there: the wind 
 was exceffive high, and drifted the fnow 
 and fand together fo ftrong, that we 
 could hardly wreftle againil it ; to which 
 was added, a feverity of cold almoft in- 
 fufTerable. The froil was fo intenfe, that 
 
 the,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 179$. 22! 
 
 the water which came from our eyes, Jan. 
 freezing as it fell, hung in icicles to our "TbiiT' 
 eyelames, and our breath freezing as foon 
 as emitted, lodged in heaps of ice about 
 our faces, and on the blankets or coats 
 that were wrapped round our heads* 
 
 Night faft approaching, a great nunv 
 ber, both men and women, began to lin- 
 ger behind, their fpirits being quite ex- 
 haufted, and without hopes of reaching 
 their tfeftination ; and if they once loft 
 fight of the column of march, though 
 but a few minutes, it being dark, and no 
 tracl to follow, there was no chance ot 
 finding it again. In this ftate numbers 
 were induced to fit down, or creep under 
 the Shelter of bufhes; where, weary, 
 fpiritlds, and without hope, a few mo- 
 ments consigned them to deep : but, alas I 
 whoever flept awaked no more ; their 
 blood alrnoil inllantly congealed in their 
 veins, the ipring of lite foon dried up; 
 and if ever they opened their eyes, it was 
 only to be fenfible of the lafl agonies of 
 their miferable exiftence. 
 
 Others,
 
 222 JOURNAL 6F TtiE 
 
 Jan. Others, fenfible of the danger of fit- 
 i6th. t* n g down, but having loft the column, 
 wandered up and down the pathlefs wafte^ 
 furrounded with darknefs and defpair ; 
 no found to comfort their ears but the 
 bleak whittling wind ; no fight to blefs 
 their eyes but the wide, tracklefs defart, 
 and " fhapelefs drift ;" far from human 
 help, far from pity, down they fink to 
 rife no more ! 
 
 About half paft ten o'clock at night 
 tve reached Bickborge, when, to add to 
 our misfortunes, we could hardly find 
 room to fhelter ourfelves from the wea- 
 ther ; every houfe being already filled 
 with Heffian infantry, who are in no re- 
 fpects friendly to the Englifh. In feve- 
 ral houfes they pofitively refufed us en- 
 trance, and in every one refufed us ad- 
 mittance to the fire ; at the fame time they 
 pofted fentries by the cellar doors to pre- 
 vent the inhabitants from felling us any 
 liquors ; even their commanding officer 
 pufhed with his own hands a number of 
 our men neck and heels out of his quar- 
 ters.
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795- 
 
 ters. Thus we were fituated, till partly 
 by force, and partly by Health, we crept 
 in where we could, glad to obtain the 
 fhelter of a houfe at any rate, 
 
 We halted this day, and in the morn- i7th, 
 ing Waggons were fent out with a number 
 of men to fearch for thofe who were left 
 behind. A great number were found 
 dead near the route of the column, but 
 a greater number who had ftraggled 
 farther off, were never heard of more. 
 In one place feven men, one woman, and 
 a child were found dead ; in another, a 
 man, a woman, and two children; in 
 another, a man, a woman, and one child ; 
 and an unhappy woman being taken 
 in labour, me, with her hufband and 
 infant were all found lifelefs. One or 
 two men were found alive, but their hands 
 and feet were frozen to fuch a degree as 
 to be dropping off by the wrifts and an- 
 cles. 
 
 Marched at day-light this morning* i8th. 
 the grenadiers* ift Coldftream, and 3d 
 regiments to VaufTon. The light infan- 
 try
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Jan. try battalion, patting Deventer, marched 
 to Welfon, fix miles below on the banks 
 of the YiTel j the army being cantoned 
 all along the weft fide of that river from 
 above Zutphen to the fea. 
 
 The advanced pofts of our part of the 
 army were at Loo and Appledoorn. 
 Froil frill conftinues. 
 
 i9tb. Perhaps never did a Britifh army expe- 
 rience fuch diflrefs as our's docs at this 
 time* Not a village nor houfe but what 
 bears witnefs to our mifery, in contain- 
 ing fome dead and others dying ; fome 
 are daily found who have crawled into 
 houfes fingly ; other houfes contain five, 
 fix, or feven together, fome dead, and 
 others dying, or unable to walk* and as 
 for thofe that are able, it is no eafy mat- 
 ter for them to find their way, for the: 
 country is one continued defart, without 
 roads, and every tract filled up with the 
 drifting and falling fnow. Add to all 
 this, the inhabitant^ are our mo ft invete- 
 rate enemies, and where opportunity of- 
 fers, will rather murder a poor, loft, dif- 
 
 treffed
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 225 
 
 trefTed Englifhmafi, than direct him the Jan. 
 right way, feveral inftances of which we 
 have already known. It is reported that 
 in the feveral columns of the army about 
 700 are miffing, fince we left the river 
 Leek. 
 
 Froft continues very fevere. ioth. 
 
 Our numerous hofpitals which were 
 lately fo crowded ^ are for the prefent 
 confiderably thinned. Removing the fick 
 in waggons, without cloathing fufficicnt 
 to keep them warm in this rigorous fea- 
 fon, has fent fome hundreds to their 
 eternal home ; and the fhameful neglect 
 that prevails through all that department, 
 makes our hofpitals mere flaughter-houfes; 
 Without covering, without attendance* 
 and even without clean flrawj and fuffi- 
 eient fhelter from the weather, they are 
 thrown together in heaps, unpitied, and 
 unprotected* to perifli by contagion ; 
 while legions of vultures, down to the 
 {rewards, nurfes,,; and their numberlcfs 
 dependants, pamper their bodies and fill 
 their coffers with the nation's treafure,
 
 226 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Jan. and like beafts of prey fatten on the blood 
 
 2^ and carcafes of their unhappy fellow 
 
 creatures ; who of the number that are 
 
 unhappily doomed to the fhades of death, 
 
 x not one in an hundred returns, but pe- 
 
 rifhes under the infernal claws of thofe 
 
 harpies, Hill thirfting for more blood, and 
 
 rioting in the jaws of death. 
 
 For the truth of what I fay, I appeal 
 to every man in the army who has only 
 for a few hours obferved vyith an attentive 
 eye the general rule of conduct in our 
 hofpitals of late, and witnefs here the 
 fcene before me while I now write. A 
 number of men laying on a fcanty allow- 
 ance of dirty wet itraw, which from the 
 heat of their bodies, fends up a viiible 
 iteam; unable to help themfelves j and 
 though a fufficient number of men are li- 
 . -berally paid for their attendance, none has 
 been near for feveral hours, even to help 
 them to a drink of water. Five carcafes, 
 covered only with the rags they wore 
 when they were alive, are piled one upon 
 another in the yard, on pretence that the 
 
 ground
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795* 2-7 
 
 ground is too hard to bury them until a Jan. 
 thaw comes. TTitT 
 
 This is a very difagreeable fubjedt, but 
 one thing more 1 muft take notice of, 
 which leaves them without excufe. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs has at all times 
 paid great attention to the fick of his 
 army, and directions have been given and 
 regulations made, as circumftances re- 
 quired, tending to promote their com- 
 fort and reftore their health ; befides a 
 number of {landing orders, which, if 
 ftrictly attended to, would remove the 
 greateft part of the prevailing grievances, 
 even at this extraordinary period, one 
 in particular I cannot help taking notice 
 of; it was given out in the order of the 
 4th of June Jaft, and is as follows : 
 
 *' HIS Royal Highnefs the commander 
 in chief directs, that whenever the vici- 
 nity of the camp will permit it, a field 
 officer for the week mail be appointed 
 for the infpedtion of the flying general 
 hofpitaL 
 
 The
 
 *8 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Jan. " The officer upon this very efTential 
 duty is expected to vifit frequently the 
 hofpital at unftated hours, to fuperintend 
 the cleanlinefs and difcipline of it in every 
 particular, to examine the diet of the pa- 
 tients, and obferve whether they receive 
 that unremitting care and attention their 
 Jit u at ion demands, and to report immedi- 
 ately any deficiency t neglecJ, or irregula- 
 rity, to the commander in chief." 
 
 An order has alfo been iflued with re- 
 fpecl: to cloathing the lick, which I no- 
 ticed before ; beiides the moft liberal 
 provifion being made for fervants or 
 nurfes, as well as in apparel, liquor, and 
 every other requifite, leaves no excufe for 
 neglect in thofe who have the fuperin- 
 tending of -our now too numerous hof- 
 pftals. 
 aid. Frofl continues fevere, 
 
 Batt horfes, baggage, &c. are fent off, 
 and all lick officers ordered to Lingen, 
 on the banks of the Ems. This is gene- 
 rally the prelude of a march. 
 
 The
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 229 
 
 The light infantry left their quarters at j an . 
 Welfen, and marched to Deventer, to re- 
 lieve General de Burgh's brigade, who 
 are ordered to march to-morrow. 
 
 Deventer is a large handfome town, 
 the houfes generally commodious, and 
 fome elegant. A great number- of our 
 ftragglers are come in, and many of them 
 having taken the advantage of their ab- 
 fence, have plundered and committed 
 many acts of outrage among the inhabi- 
 tants in the country through which they 
 have pafled. The Dutch and us were no 
 great friends before, but thofe ikulking 
 villains, for whom no punifhment is too 
 fevere, has given them more caufe of ha- 
 tred and difcontent than ever they had be- 
 fore ; hence they fhut up their mops and 
 deny every thing at. our approach, and 
 behojd us with a kind of fcomful dif- 
 dain, while they receive the French ar- 
 mies on their approach with acclamations 
 of joy, as their only protectors ; for under 
 them their perfons are fafe, and if their
 
 2JO JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Jan. property is taken for the public good, it 
 
 is punctually paid for with paper. 
 *7 th - Halted at De venter. The Tick fent 
 forward, and a working party employed 
 in deftroying the guns and ammunition in 
 the ftorehoufes here ; it being a fortifie4 
 town, the ftores are confiderable. 
 
 Marched to Hatten, a fmall village ten 
 miles eaftward from Deventer. 
 
 To Pelden, a confiderable town on the 
 Regge river j quartered very wide, round 
 among the farm houfes. 
 
 3ift r To GJdenzaal, one of the Dutch fron- 
 tier towns towards Germany. 
 
 This town is exceedingly diftrefied on 
 account of fo many troops marching 
 through it for two months paft, particu- 
 larly for fuel in this fevere feafon. Their 
 common fuel in this country is peat, 
 which they bring to this town from fif- 
 teen or twenty miles diftant for the ufe of 
 the troops. The poor natives are 
 ftarved. 
 F?b. Frofl, with a heavy fall of fnow. 
 
 *
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 3J 
 
 All the waggons are employed in re- Feb. 
 moving the flores and ammunition from 3 d. 
 Delden to Benthem. 
 
 Froft iiill continues, with frequent falls 4 th. 
 of fnow. The inhabitants, as well as 
 the foldiers, are greatly diftrelTed for 
 want of fuel. 
 
 The French ftill keep clofe at our 7 th. 
 heels ; our advanced ports are at Delden, 
 near which place the enemy's patroles 
 occupy. 
 
 A fudden thaw has fet in, which lays gth. 
 the country all afloat. 
 
 The brigade of guards* except the light 
 battalion, marched for Benthem ; the light 
 battalion remaining till relieved by the 
 troops on the advanced poft. 
 
 The thaw continuing, the river rofe to ioth, 
 an amazing height. 
 
 The light infantry battalion was re- 
 lieved this day, and marched for Ben- 
 them \ the Britifh i6th light dragoons, 
 the buffers of Rohan, Salm's infantry, 
 York rangers, &c. took their poft at 
 Qldenzel, 
 
 The
 
 2 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Feb. The river between Oldinzel and Ben.- 
 them being rifen to a prodigious height, 
 the light battalion took a circuitous route 
 by Enlkedie to Grenowe, where the Hef- 
 fians being quartered before we arrived, 
 we were quartered round it, at fiye or fix 
 miles diftance. 
 
 nth. Marched to Gilhuis, a long village 
 laying under the eaft fide of a ridge o,f 
 hills, two miles north-weft from Ben- 
 them, where we remained. The other 
 battalions of the brigade continued their 
 route, the grenadiers to Ippenburen, and 
 the others to Ofnaburg, which is head 
 quarters. General Abercrombie, who 
 commands the advanced poll, is quartered 
 at Benthem. 
 
 ijth. The froftfetin again, with a great fall 
 of fnow all this day. 
 
 The people here are exceeding kind to 
 the Englim, and have the good will of the 
 foldiers ; but the army is much exafpe- 
 rated againft the Dutch, for the inhuman 
 treatment we have long experienced 
 among them. 
 
 Froft
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 
 
 Fr&ft continues. Our troops keep pof- Feb. 
 fcffion of Oldenzel, Enfkedie, &c, and 1 (^ 
 patroles as far as Delden. 
 
 Froft very fevere. Notwithstanding i;tlu 
 the kindnefs of the inhabitants, outrages 
 and depredations have been already com- 
 mitted here ; a proof that no treatment, 
 however kind, will prevent irregularities 
 in the army, if the reins of difcipline are 
 flackened. 
 
 A woman has been ravifhed and air 
 moil murdered by four of our men, who 
 are difcovered, and in confinement. 
 
 Yefterday the light infantry battalion a$tb. 
 Was ordered to march this morning for 
 Ippenburen, but countermanded again 
 (except the baggage and fick, which are 
 fent forward) on account of the enemy 
 haying attacked our poft at Northern, a 
 few miles to our right ; they were, how- 
 ever, repulfed, and the 57th regiment 
 marched from Benthem this morning as 
 a reinforcement. 
 
 Various movements are taking place in 
 pur arniy to fhengthen the frontier. 
 
 A great
 
 234 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Feb. A great number of Dutch foldicrs de- 
 5tfu ferted from Holland about this time, and 
 joined our army. 
 
 Extraftfrom General Orders. 
 
 * IN paying the army, and making 
 all other payments to be computed in 
 Englilh money, the following coins are 
 to be paid and received, according to the 
 value exprefled oppofite their refpe&ive, 
 denominations, viz. 
 
 " French Louis-d'ors of Lewis 
 and 1 6th, to pafs for One Pound Ster- 
 ling* 
 
 GOLD, 
 
 Hanoverian piftole, 
 Frederick d'or, 
 Auguft d'or, 
 Charles d j or, 
 Louis- d'ors of Lewis 
 1 3th and I4th, 
 
 
 
 o 16 8 
 
 8ILVER,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 235 
 
 SILVER. . S. d. Feb. 
 
 Dutch and German ducats, 09 5! a5 th. 
 French crowns, - -050 
 A Convention thullar, - o 4 5! 
 Acus, - --034 
 German florins, - -022! 
 
 " And to prevent mifunderftanding 
 tending to difappointment with the inha- 
 bitants of the country, the army are in- 
 formed that the following are the general 
 current coins pairing in the Bifhoprick of 
 Ofnaburg, and the rates at which they 
 pafs, viz. 
 
 " French Louis-d'ors of Lewis 
 and 1 6th, to pafs for fix Acus. 
 
 GOLD. Acus. 
 
 Hanoverian Piftole, 
 Frederick d'or, 
 
 Auguft d*or, 
 
 c Acus 
 Carolus d'or, 
 
 Louis-d'or of Lewis 
 1 3th and i4th, 
 
 SILVER.
 
 236 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Feb. Marian- 
 
 SILVER. Acus. Grofs. 
 
 Double and German ducats, 2 30 
 
 French crowns, - i 1 8 
 
 Convention thullar, i 12 
 
 Acus, o 36 
 
 German florins, o 24 
 
 f6th. Marched this morning through Ben- 
 them to Scuttorp, a fmall, ancient look- 
 ing town, on the river Aa. It has a 
 handfome neat-built church, and a low 
 ftone wall round the town. Some of our 
 brigade narrowly efcaped drowning as 
 they paHed this town, the river having 
 overflowed the road , 
 
 Benthem is remarkable for nothing but 
 its cattle, an ancient fabric (landing on 
 the top of a hill, around which the town 
 is built j the caftle contains a range of 
 barrack^ for the military, but is no way 
 adapted for a modern defence againft a 
 powerful enemy. The country around is 
 in general barren, and a ridge of rocky 
 hills runs from Benthem nearly to ScuN 
 
 torpj
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 337 
 
 torp ; on the top of thefe hills, in a foli- Feb. 
 tary place, is a Jew's burying ground, 
 with feveral monumental infcriptions. 
 
 The inhabitants in general are very 
 good-natured and attentive to the foldiers. 
 
 To Rheim, a confiderable town on the a7 tb. 
 river Ems ; the roads exceilive bad, and 
 the weather rainy. Here is a cafcade all 
 acrofs the river, made by the dam of fome 
 water mills. 
 
 Arrived at Ippenburen, where the gre- *8th. 
 nadier battalion had been for fome time. 
 On our march this day we met five regi- 
 ments of Brunfwick going to Benthem, 
 &c. Froft fet in again, and the roads ex- 
 ceffive heavy. 
 
 This town is entirely furrounded by 
 hills, which in fummer time mud have 
 a very romantic appearance. 
 
 The brigade marched for the following March. 
 
 r _ 6 4 th. 
 
 places, being nearer the frontier. The 
 
 three battalions from Ofnaburg to Qua- 
 kenburg, and the flank battalions to Huf- 
 chennc, nine miles from Meppon, on 
 the Ems, where General Abercrombie 
 
 had
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 March, had now eftablifhed his quarters; they 
 were cantoned this night at Schale, a 
 fmall ftraggling village. The roads 
 through which we pafled this day were 
 chiefly barren hills. 
 
 Stk. To Longerick, a fmall village. 
 
 A great number of troops are moving 
 towards the front from the interior parts 
 of the country, 
 
 6th. Arrived at Hafclunne, a fmall town 
 on the river Hafe. Our ifth regiment 
 of light dragoons overtook us on our 
 march, and continued their route to- 
 wards Meppen, and the i6th, whom we 
 relieved, has followed the fame route. 
 A barren, wild country. 
 
 7th. Halted here. Cold, rainy weather. 
 
 8th. Froft, and a heavy fall of fnow. We 
 have miferable quarters here, the peo- 
 pie are in general poor, and fuel is very 
 fcarce ; I faw fix Dutch guilders paid fof 
 a quantity of peat,- not much exceeding 
 a hundred weight. 
 
 i2th. Two French prifoners conducted 
 through the town on their way to 
 
 head
 
 CAMPAIGN 0* 1795. 239 
 
 head quarters, which are ftill at Ofna- March, 
 burg. "^ 
 
 A patrole, confiding of eight Brunf- 
 xvick buffers, deferted to the enemy, who 
 have taken fixteen men of that corps pri- 
 loners . 
 
 A imart Ikirmifh between our advan- 
 ced pofts and thofe of the enemy a little 
 below JSlcppen, but without much lofs 
 on either iide. The two flank battalions 
 are accoutred in their quarters every 
 morning an hour before day-light. 
 
 Our park of artillery is at Vecht, be- 
 hind Quakenbrugge ; they have lately 
 had a fupply of 300 horfes. It mould 
 feem that our army means to defend this 
 place to the utmoft, frefh troops are daily 
 arriving from the interior. Frofl Aill fe- 
 vere. 
 
 Laft night a colonel of the French, 
 with a flag of truce, came over to Mep- 
 pen, where Lieutenant-general Abercrom,* 
 bie's quarters are, and this morning paf* 
 led through Hafclunne on theii way to 
 Ofnaburg. 
 
 i Tiu's
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 This day two of the inhabitants were 
 robbed by fome of our foldiers, and one 
 of them ihot through the belly with a 
 piftol. The ball was extracted from his 
 back, but his life is in much danger. A 
 reward of ten guineas is offered by our 
 commanding officers to whoever Will 
 bring the guilty to cdnvictioni 
 
 Orders arrived to march to-morrow 
 morning for Quakenbrugge, &C; All the 
 talk is now for England. 
 
 *zd. Marched to Laennegon, about twelve 
 miles diftance, a large village pleafantly 
 fituated on the river Hafe. Weather fintf 
 and mild* The country in general bar- 
 ren heaths. 
 
 3d. To Quakenbrugge, difrance about 
 ' eleven miles* There are fome cultivated 
 fpots and Woods near the rivers^ which 
 in fummer are very pleafant. 
 
 This is a fine large town fituated on the 
 fame river ; they feem to have fuffereci 
 but very little by the war ; but they 
 charge the Englifh an exorbitant price for 
 every article* They appear to be all Ro* 
 2 mart
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 179$. 
 
 nian Catholics in this part of the coiiri- March 
 try, from the relics of fuperflition fet 
 up at every public place. 
 
 As we entered the town, we met fome 
 religious proceflions, in a peculiar drefs, 
 both men and women of all ages. 
 
 The people in town behaved very kind 
 to the foldiers in their quarters. 
 
 Marched at feven this morning to 
 Vecht, a fmall town, but pretty regular 
 in its buildings. It has a large church, 
 tolerably well ornamented. 
 
 The gable end of the houfes through- 
 out all this country are generally next the 
 ftreet, and in the common houfes con- 
 tains all the windows in the houfe. 
 
 Many large farm houfes, and all the 
 cottages in the country, have no chim- 
 riies ; a few boards are placed above the 
 fire to prevent the fparks from flying up 
 to the thatch, and the fmoke is left to 
 find its way out how it can. Sometimes 
 a hole is made for that purpofe at one end 
 of the ridge, and fometimes not ; and in 
 the country places their dwelling, their 
 R barn,
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 March, barn, cow-houfe, and ftable are all in 
 one. You enter by a great door at the 
 end of the houfe, large enough to admit 
 a waggon loaded with corn ; on the right 
 and left, clofe to the walls, ftand properly 
 arranged, the cows, horfes, or other ani- 
 mals, with their heads towards the cen- 
 tre of the houfe, over them is piled their 
 corn, flraw, &c. : the fpace in the mid- 
 dle is for threming. On the floor at the 
 farther end is the fire, and many have their 
 beds almoft refembling playhoufe boxes, 
 forae with Hiding and others with folding 
 doors, ranged along each fide. . 
 
 In all the towns and villages here, one 
 ill-looking cuftom prevails, that is, every 
 houfe has a dunghill before the door, in 
 that part of the flreet where the pavement 
 for foot paflengers is in England, fo that 
 we can feldom get into any houfe with- 
 out walking over heaps of dung. The 
 people in general behave with great kind- 
 nefs to our troops, efpecially where they 
 are civilly treated by them, which does 
 not always happen. 
 
 2 Halted.
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 
 
 Halted. Weather fine and mild. March. 
 
 The park of artillery which has been a ^ 
 here fome time, is moving off, but the 
 roads are fo exceffive bad, that the heavy 
 pieces as yet remain immoveable. Part 
 of the artillery and ammunition is to be 
 left with thofc troops that remain. 
 
 Marched to Wildhaufen. This is a *6th. 
 regular but a fmall t'own, ftanding on 
 the weft fide of the river Lette. A ram- 
 part of a confiderable height made of 
 earth, with a dry ditch, runs round the 
 town, except the eaft fide, \vhich is 
 warned by the river, on which feveral 
 water-mills are built. The ditch and 
 ramparts are covered with ftately trees, 
 which make an agreeable fhady walk. 
 
 Obferved a number of women digging 
 in the garden round this place. 
 
 Marched to a fmall ftraggling village 2 / tht 
 called Lecfte, about fix miles from Bre- 
 men. The other three battalions march- 
 ing into Bremen. The country through 
 which we pafled this day is in general a 
 barren wafte. 
 
 R 2 The
 
 244 JOURNAL OF TllE 
 
 March. The two' flank battalions marched ihto 
 Bremen, where our brigade was quar- 
 tered. The head quarters were alfo here, 
 and the feveral departments which ac* 
 company it. 
 
 Bremen being a free town, upon the 
 approach of the army claimed its privi- 
 lege as neuter with refpect to the war, and 
 objected to having any troops quartered 
 on them ; but finding it was in vain to 
 contend, they at laft confented, and re- 
 ceived,- firft two regiments of Hanoveri- 
 ans, and then the brigade of guards. 
 The other troops all inarched through 
 without halting. It is a large, rich, and 
 handfome town, fituated on the river 
 Wefler, about fixty miles from the lea. 
 The river here is navigable only for fmall 
 craft. The town is tolerably well forti* 
 fied, with high ramparts and a wet ditch; 
 feveral cannon are mounted round the 
 town, but as war is their averfion, they 
 pay but little, attention "to the flate of the 
 works. 
 
 They
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 245 
 
 They have troops of their own which March, 
 mount guard at the different ports, and 
 feveral other places in town, where regu- 
 lar and proper guard rooms are built. 
 This corps conlifts of about 6^0 men, di- 
 vided into fix companies, they are cloath- 
 ed in a red uniform, turned up with 
 white; they have large red cloaks for cold 
 or wet weather. The expenfe of the 
 whole amounts to about 6500 pounds per 
 annum. 
 
 The country round here is generally 
 low, therefore liable to inundation. 
 
 Over the river is a wooden bridge, along 
 the lower fide of which is formed a range 
 of corn-mills, thirteen in number, all 
 acrois (he river ; they are conftructed fo 
 %s to float, and rife and fall with the wa 
 ter, and each of them can be moved at 
 pleafure, with all its apparatus, with as 
 much facility as a barge. 
 
 From an ingenious mechanifm placed 
 here alfo, the town is plentifully fupplied 
 with water. 
 
 R 3
 
 246 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 March. The feveral ftreets, and the houfcs 
 along the river fide, have a fine appear- 
 ance j the ends of the houfes, which al- 
 ways front the ftreets or other public 
 places, being variouily ornamented with 
 painting, carving, plaifter, &c. 
 
 There is a public cellar under the town- 
 houfe, in which are fome remarkable 
 large butts for holding beer and other li- 
 quors, which are viewed as acuriofity. 
 
 The officers and foldiers were quartered 
 promifcuoufly, as the burgher's names 
 came to hand, and many foldiers had far 
 more elegant apartments than his cap- 
 tain. 
 
 The behaviour of the people to us was 
 remarkably kind and polite. It is fome- 
 thing like a dream or fairy vifion, and we 
 could hardly give credit to our own fenfes ; 
 we who had lately been fo buffetted about 
 by fortune and the French, driven like 
 vagabonds through froil and fnow% over 
 all the wilds of Holland, and who in our 
 greateft extremities, when we afked for 
 any thing to refrefh ourfelves, with the 
 
 money
 
 
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 24 
 
 *< "** ^ 
 
 money in our hands, was anfwered only March. 
 with a fhrugup of the fhoulders, nix nix, 
 nix bread, nix butter, nix beer, nix 
 brandwyn for the Engliihman. Now to 
 be feated in the moft elegant apartments } 
 fervants attending ready to anticipate every 
 wifli ; beds of the forteft down to repofe 
 upon, without being difturbed in the 
 morning with the thundering of cannon, 
 or the ufual alarms of war ; it feeme4 
 like fome fudden enchantment, but it 
 proved real, for they ufed us like part of 
 their own family, or children which had 
 been longabfent, and now returned, and 
 omitted nothing that could contribute ei- 
 ther to our eafe or pleafure. 
 
 The brigade attended divine feryicc at a 9 t!l - 
 one of the churches. 
 
 Every preparation is making for the 30 th, 
 embarkation of all the Britiih infantry. 
 A fmall detachment of artillery to be left 
 with the cavalry, who are to remain. Se- 
 veral regiments pafled through on their 
 way for Bremen Lake, to embark. 
 
 R 4 We
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 March. We here fee the genuine advantages of 
 trade and commerce, and the ineftimable, 
 bleflings of peace; here poverty hides her 
 pallid face, and plenty, the fruits of in- 
 duftry, fmiles on all around. 
 
 Several regiments pafs through every 
 day, and every preparation is making for 
 our embarkation. We remain here till 
 all the other regiments are pail. 
 
 The four grenadier companies joined 
 their refpec-tive battalions on the iBthinfl. 
 There now remains four battalions in our 
 brigade. 
 
 April. The brigade of guards were ordered to 
 1 ^ march, and the following routes appointed 
 for them, viz. 
 
 The flank battalion and ift battalion 
 of the i ft regiment of guards, to march, 
 on the loth inft. to Beverftadt, &c. by 
 the following route : 
 
 Friday, April 10. 
 Ofterholtz, 
 Schambeek, 
 fenningbuttle, and environs. 
 
 Saturday,
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 249 
 
 Saturday, April ix. April. 
 
 Beverftadt, gtfc. 
 
 Stemmen, 
 
 Oftendorf, and environs. 
 The Coldftream and 3d regiment tq 
 march April 1 1 th, to Hagen, c. by the 
 following route : 
 
 Saturday, April 11. 
 
 Mayemberg, 
 Schavanwede. 
 
 Sunday, April la. 
 
 Hagan, 
 Calfbruke,, 
 Bramftadt, 
 Wilftadt. 
 To remain till farther orders. 
 
 The undermentioned general officers 
 to take the command of the following re- 
 giments and corps : 
 
 Major-
 
 JOURNAL OF TH-E 
 > 
 
 April. Major-general Mormend, 
 
 9 th. Royal artillery, 
 
 Royal military artificers. 
 Light infantry, 
 Firit regiment, 
 Coldftream regiment, 
 Third regiment of guards, 
 Corps of royal waggoners. 
 
 Hon. Major-general de Burgh. 
 Twelfth regiment, 27th, 28th, 4oth, 
 54th, 57th, 5pth, 79111, 8oth, 84th, 
 and the loyal emigrants. 
 
 Major-general Gordon. 
 
 Third regiment buffs, i4th, ipth, 33d, 
 38th, 42d, 53d, 63d, 78th, and 
 88th. - 
 
 " 
 
 Major-general Coates. 
 
 
 
 Eighth regiment foot, j^th, 44th, 55th, 
 85th, and Spth. 
 
 Tfhe
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 2$l 
 
 The light infantry and ift regiment April. 
 marched according to the orders ot yeftcr- 1Qtlu 
 day, diftance about fifteen miles. The 
 country in general is a light fancy foil, 
 and more fruitful than that we have lately 
 patted through. 
 
 From about Ofterholtz there is a moft 
 beautiful profpedt towards Bremen. The 
 principal buildings, churches, fpires,&c. 
 of Bremen are plainly feen terminating 
 the view ; and between 'is an extenfive 
 lake, in which are a great number of 
 iflands, filled with groves of trees, 
 houfes, churches, &c. the whole form- 
 ing a moil delightful landfcape. 
 
 The greateft parr of our -foldiers left 
 Bremen with much regret. The gene- 
 rous and elegant en terra in m en t we met 
 with -there, far furpaifed afiy flmrig we 
 ever experienced before, -and I may ven- 
 ture to fay, ever will again. A great num- 
 ber accompanied us out of town, and 
 mewed every poflible refpecl. Several 
 female heroines -took leave of their friends 
 and followed us. 
 
 Majchcd
 
 25* JOURNAL OF THB 
 
 April. Marched to Beverftadt, a village about 
 7^j^ fifteen miles diftance ; the country rather 
 
 barren. The village bejpg fmalj, we 
 
 were much crowded, 
 jath. Halted there. 
 13th. To Wilderftadt, a village near the 
 
 river fide, .a few miles above Prernen 
 
 Lake. 
 
 Embarked at ijve o'clock in the morni 
 
 ing, at the mouth of the creek near Bren 
 
 men Lake, on board the following tranfn 
 
 ports : 
 
 Light infantry. 
 
 Ships. Numb, of men. 
 
 Ann, - 303 
 
 Briton, - 300 
 
 Firft regiment. 
 
 Richard, - - 360 
 
 John, - - i 60 
 
 Alexander, - - 270. 
 
 Coldftream, 
 
 Bellona,, - - 320 
 
 Briton, - . 250 
 
 Thirci
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795' 253 
 
 Third regiment. April. 
 
 Albion, 340 
 
 Three Brothers, 230 
 
 The troops on hoard each ft ip were di- 
 Vided into three watches ; one of which 
 Vvas always upon deck, night and day, 
 on account of the fhip's being fo much 
 crowded. 
 
 Laft night an artillery-man fell over- i8th. 
 board one of the tranfports and was. 
 drowned. 
 
 Weighed anchor and attempted to drop 
 down the river, but the wind failing calt 
 anchor again. 
 
 Weighed anchor and fell down to the 
 opening of the river ; anchored again ; 
 wind fouth-weft. 
 
 This day all the fleet, except a few, 
 dropt down near the mouth of the river 
 and lay at anchor, waiting for the others 
 coming down. The whole fleet with the 
 convoy was upwards of aoo fail. The 
 river here, including the tracts of fand 
 which the tide covers at high water, is 
 
 fifteen
 
 354 .JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 April, fifteen miles wide ; but the road for 
 Ihips of burthen is narrow and crooked, 
 marked with buoys on each fide ; thofe 
 on the right, white ; thofe on the left, 
 black. 
 
 23d. Laft night we had a heavy fquall of 
 wind, but no damage was done. 
 
 24 th - The fleet failed, and about dufk cleared, 
 the mouth of the WefTer, wind fouth- 
 wefb. In the river we faw the maft of a 
 tranfport which was loft three months 
 ago by going out of the trad:. 
 
 25 th - Continued under a briik gale on the 
 larboard tack, clofe to the wind all day ; 
 the gale ftronger towards night. 
 
 26th, Laft night and early this morning it 
 blew what we frelh. water failors thought 
 a perfect hurricane ; the fea went moun- 
 tains high, and exhibited fuch a fcene as 
 few of us had ever witneiled before. 
 The foldiers whofe turn it was to be on 
 deck were forced to remain below, the 
 fea breaking frequently over the fhip with 
 fuch violence that we thought we were 
 going to the bottom; fo that between 
 
 fea-
 
 fea-ficknefs and the ftorm we were in a April, 
 very uncomfortable fituation : but in the 
 forenoon the wind much abated, but not 
 much our ficknefs, which was almofl 
 univerfal. 
 
 Kept upon the fame tack all this day, 7 th * 
 being driven a great way to the north- 
 ward by the ftorm yefterday morning. 
 The fleet which had been . fcattered very 
 wide by the florin collected itfelf clofer 
 together ; we believe none fuftcred much 
 damage ; the Three Brothers, in which- 
 part of the 3d regiment was, loft her 
 bowfprit and part of her head. 
 
 This day we had the pleafure of be- 30th. 
 holding Britim ground once more, which 
 proved to be Cheviot hills, and the high 
 ground to the northward of them. The 
 fea ficknefs began to abate, and a kind of 
 fecret joy brightened every countenance, 
 in hopes of foon reaching our native 
 country, and ending our tedious voyage. 
 
 Kept beating up againft the wind, but May. 
 made very little way. Pafled Banbury . 
 Cattle, diftance two leagues. 
 
 Wind
 
 56 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 May. Wind veered a little more to the eaft, 
 \^ by which we were enabled to reach off 
 Whitby before fun-fet. This day we 
 faffed in fight of Shields, Sunderland, 
 &c. The ihore on the Yorkfhife coafl is 1 
 generally high and rocky. 
 
 Whitby, with fome other towns along 
 that fhore, are curioufly built under the 
 
 flicker of the cliffs and hills, fo that 
 
 i 
 
 hardly a houfe can be feen, till you are 
 clofe upon them. We came along near 
 the ihore with a gentle breeze, and fine 
 fun-fhine. The fhore, as far up as Flam- 
 borough Head, is high fteep rocks, in- 
 habited by numberlefs flocks of fea gulls, 
 and other fea birds. 
 
 3 d. Lafl night a calm and thick fog com- 
 
 ing on, we were forced to cafl anchor, 
 and this morning made a little way, but 
 the coafl being dangerous, and the fog 
 continuing all day, we anchored again, and 
 remained till next morning. 
 
 4th. Found ourfelves off Cromer in Nor- 
 folk, diftant four miles. The morning 
 clear and a briik gale, but diredly againft 
 
 us.
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 
 
 us. Weighed anchor and made a little 
 way, the tide alib coming ftrongly againft 
 us. About eleven o'clock, A. M. caft 
 anchor with the fleet. 
 
 Weighed anchor, and with the prin- $th. 
 cipal part of the fleet reaching off Yar- 
 mouth, anchored in the roads. Weathef 
 very fine and calm. 
 
 Yarmouth prefents a fine profped: from 
 the roads, the houfes all built with brick, 
 and covered with tiles, appear of a red 
 colour ; but the great church and one 
 chapel are the only buildings which appear 
 any way confpicuous. 
 
 Weighed anchor at day-light, and pro 6th. 
 ceeded with a freih gale within fight of 
 the Xore, but a calm fucceeding, and 
 night coming on, the fleet anchored. 
 The divifions of the fleet parted this day, 
 that for Portfmouth {landing off to the 
 left, and that for Harwich putting in 
 there. 
 
 Weighed anchor at day-light, and with 7 tU 
 a gentle breeze patted the Nore, and an- 
 chored at Gravefend. 
 
 S Weighed
 
 276 JOURNAL OF TH.E 
 
 May. Weighed anchor about ten A. M. and 
 8tiu with a brifk gale arrived at Greenwich. 
 
 This morning three companies of the 
 i ft regiment difembarked, were feen by 
 his Majefty, and marched to London. 
 $tb. The remainder of the brigade difem- 
 barked at feven o'clock this morning, and 
 marched to the parade in St. James's 
 Park, from whence each battalion march- 
 ed to their feveral quarters. 
 
 The men had eight days leave given 
 them, excufed from all kinds of duty, in 
 order to fee their friends. 
 
 Thus ended our expedition, which, 
 though unfuccefsful in the end, all the 
 nation will be ready to allow was not ow- 
 ing either to a want of courage or con- 
 duel in the officers or men engaged in it, 
 , but to a number of events which could 
 neither be forefeen or prevented ; fuch as 
 the extraordinary exertions of the enemy, 
 fuch, indeed, as neither they nor any other 
 nation could continue for any coniidera- 
 ble time. The freezing of the Waal, 
 -which does not happen to fuch a degree 
 
 perhaps
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 
 
 perhaps once in a century ; and at the May. 
 fame time the raging ficknefs which pre- ^~ 
 vailed, reduced our army to lefs than half 
 its former number. 
 
 Under all thefe circumftances, it is ra- 
 ther to be wondered at that we effeded 
 fuch a fafe retreat, efpecially through 
 a country, whofe inhabitants, as far as 
 they duril avow themfelves, were as 
 much, or more our enemies, than the 
 French. 
 
 AS various reports have been circula- 
 lated concerning the donation articles 
 which our generous friends in England, 
 Scotland, and Ireland, fubfcribed for and 
 fent us, the following is nearly the -pro- 
 portion that each man received who was 
 prefent with his regiment at all the dif- 
 ferent times of delivery, during the time 
 we were on the continent. 
 
 S 2 Blue
 
 JOURNAL OF THE 
 
 Blue cloth trowfers one pair, for which 
 
 we paid 2s. each. 
 Great coats, one. 
 Flannel waiftcoats, three, 
 Do. drawers, two pair. 
 Do. focks> two pair. 
 Do. nightcaps, one. 
 Shoes, four pair. 
 Stockings, two pair. 
 Handkerchiefs, one. 
 Gloves, two pair. 
 
 The women and children alfo who 
 were prefent with us in the month of 
 March, 1794, received each a propor- 
 tion of things, fuch as grey cloaks, flan- 
 nel fhifts, pettycoats, fhoes, children's 
 caps, and other flannel articles. 
 
 Several of the above articles, the fhoes 
 in particular, were of the beil quality and 
 workmanfhip, and were of infinite fervice 
 to us, efpecially in a country where the 
 materials for making them are fo very 
 bad. 
 
 Our
 
 CAMPAIGN OF 1795. 279 
 
 Our foldiers frequently broke out in May. 
 rough, but fincere expreflions of grati- ^ 
 tude to thofe benevolent characters who 
 fo generoufly and timely fupplied our 
 wants ; efpecially to the ladies, feveral of 
 whom we were informed by the papers, 
 difdained not to make up with their own 
 fair hands, a number of the articles which 
 we received. 
 
 THE END.
 
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 v;^!H; Rf .'<: Vt...v Pewa?c of England, Scotland, and Ireland, ' 06*
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
 Los Angeles 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
 APR 11981 
 
 OCT 2419B: 
 
 Form L9-Series 444
 
 3 1158 00659 6687 
 
 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 
 
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 67.1