BEYOND THE 
 BLACK OCEAN 
 
 STORY OF A ?OCIAL REVOLUTION 
 
 -1 
 
 By Rev. T. McGrady. 
 
 PUBLISHED BY 
 
 STANDARD PUBLISHING CO. 
 
 TEKKE HAUTE, IND. 
 
 Eatered at Postoffice, Terre Haute, Ind., as second class matter. 
 
GIFT OF 
 
 VITA JU, 
 
BEYOND THE 
 
 BLACK OCEAN 
 
 BY 
 
 REV. T. McGRADY, 
 FJ 
 
 PASTOR OF 
 
 ST. ANTHONY S CHURCH, BELLEVUE, KY. 
 
 Author of "The Mistakes of Ingersoll," "The 
 
 Two Kingdoms" "Socialism and 
 
 the Labor Problem." 
 
 TERRE HAUTE, IND. : 
 
 STANDARD PUBLISHING CO. 
 
 1901. 
 

 Copyright, 1901 
 BY STANDARD PUBLISHING Co. 
 
 January, 1902. PROGRESSIVE THOUGHT. No. 18. 
 
 Published Quarterly. 50 Cts. a Year. 
 
PUBLISHER S NOTE. 
 
 Father McGrady was born in Lexington, Ky., on 
 June 6, 1863. Having completed his course of studies, 
 he was ordained in the Cathedral of Galveston, Texas, in 
 1887. During the first six months of his ministry he was 
 connected with the Cathedral in Galveston. In the early 
 part of the following year he was assigned to the pastorate 
 of St. Patrick s Church, Houston, and later on he was 
 assigned to St. Patrick s Church in Dallas, Texas. In 
 1890 he returned to his native State and assumed tem 
 porary charge of the Catholic congregation in Lexington. 
 His next pastorate was Cynthiana, Ky., where he labored 
 for four years, and in the summer of 1895 he was ap 
 pointed pastor of St. Anthony s Church, Bellevue, Ky., 
 and he still holds this position. The poverty of the 
 masses, which increases with the march of civilization, 
 had early made a deep impression on his mind, and in 
 1896 he began to study economics, but unfortunately for 
 his purpose he perused the works of the old school, which 
 attributed the economic ills of the age to the inevitable 
 law of competition. His perplexity was partially relieved 
 by reading ""Merrie England." However, about this time 
 he began to peruse the works of Henry George, and he 
 then thought that the Single Tax was the panacea for the 
 evils of modern society. Pursuing his studies in Social 
 ism, he began to see that the arguments advanced by 
 Henry George for the common ownership of land, ap 
 plied with grave force to all the means of production ; that 
 all the wealth in the world and all the progress of the 
 ages were products of social factors, and therefore the 
 common property of society. He also perceived the fu 
 tility of the Single Tax movement to heal the wounds 
 which capitalism had inflicted on the toiling masses. Be 
 coming thoroughly acquainted with the ablest exponents 
 of Socialism, he became an ardent champion of the doc 
 trine, and his voice has thrilled many vast audiences who 
 have stood amazed at the bold denunciations he has 
 hurled against the oppressors of mankind. 
 
 That this book will carry the new hope for social jus 
 tice to many thousands never before reached, is the hope 
 and belief of A \ THE PUBLISHERS. 
 
 \ ; 
 
 461891 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 In the year 1793, Louis the Sixteenth, of France, was 
 decapitated, the widowed queen, Marie Antoinette, was 
 guillotined, Christianity was tabooed throughout the Re 
 public, and the Goddess of Reason was enthroned on the 
 high altar of Notre Dame, and the grand old Cathedral 
 church of Paris was desecrated by the ribaldry of the in 
 furiated populace. The Reign of Terror was triumphant. 
 Danton and Robespierre were revelling in the blood of 
 countless hosts, till the fate of their victims fell on their 
 own guilty heads. The tricolor was borne in triumph by 
 the Corsican adventurer through the vales of sunny Italy. 
 The fame of Napoleon had reached the ends of the earth. 
 He had immortalized his name at Toulon, Mentenotte and 
 Lodi. The nations of Europe were startled by the march 
 of his legions and the tramp of his battle steed. The Aus 
 trian army had been driven before the flag of the new 
 Republic like dust before the hurricane. The Netherlands 
 and Normandy had been annexed to the dominion of 
 France. Governments were falling and thrones were tot 
 tering. Revolution was rife, and the battle song was the 
 cry of new-born Liberty, begotten in the throes of an 
 archy, and emerging from the tomb of buried dynasties. 
 
 The sound of strife had awakened the dying hopes of 
 every conquered people, and the patriots of every land 
 were donning the helmet and breastplate for the scene 
 of carnage. The battalioned hosts of Europe were ar 
 rayed in glittering panoply, and the throne of despotism 
 was imperiled. The sons of Erin, encouraged by the 
 astounding victories of Napoleon and the generals of 
 France, thought that the day had arrived when the Gem 
 of the Ocean would break the gyves of bondage, welded 
 by the strokes of six centuries, cast off the yoke of the 
 Norman invader, hurl back the ruthless legions of a for 
 eign despot, declare her independence, and assume her 
 place among the nations of the earth. The story of the 
 
6 BEYOND THE ELACK OCEAN 
 
 Emerald Isle is like a "pendulum between a smile and a 
 tear." Her history is made up of sunshine and shower. 
 The school of the West, the home of scholars and the 
 island of Saints, she became famous long ere the Saxon 
 thane ever trod the vales of Kent ; and the voice of her 
 missionaries mingled with the roar of the Alpine catar 
 acts, and resounded through the mountain glens of Italy, 
 and along the shores of the Rhine and the woodland 
 glades of Gaul, before Norman Knights had ever met the 
 turbulent Vikings of the North. Resistance to foreign 
 invasion had always been regarded as a sacred obligation 
 by the children of Hibernian blood. They marshalled 
 their hosts in battle array against the mailed legions of 
 Bolingbroke, and the conquest begun- by Henry the 
 Second, in 1172, was completed by fire and sword four 
 hundred years later in the reign of Elizabeth, the daugh 
 ter of Henry the Eighth, who will be known to all genera 
 tions as a cruel and licentious virago. The spirit of the 
 O Briens and the O Neills, the O Moores and the O Don- 
 nells, of ancient times, has survived in their progeny. 
 For seven hundred years Ireland has struggled with bat- 
 talioned despotism, and the history of the sacrifices she 
 has made on the altar of patriotism, and the agonies she 
 endured at the shrine of Liberty, is the most inspiring 
 record that has ever been written by human hands. 
 It was an Irish bard that sang of Freedom 
 " Tis sweeter to bleed for an age at thy shrine, 
 Than to sleep but a moment in chains," 
 and his verse was inspired by the gory flood that ever 
 flowed from the heart of Ireland in her struggle for na 
 tional independence. The slaughter of her children by 
 the sword of Cromwell has no parallel in the records of 
 atrocity, and their exile after the treaty of Limerick, when 
 fathers and sons were torn from the arms of children and 
 mothers, is far more pathetic than the lamentation of 
 Jeremiah over the captivity of Judah and the destruction 
 of her temple. But, unlike the childen of Abraham, the 
 scions of Milesian kings and the descendants of Irish 
 chieftains, wept not in silence over the misfortunes of 
 their country. On the shores of the Shannon and the 
 Rhine, the Blackwater and the Susquehanna, on the ver- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 7 
 
 dant fields of Tipperary and the swamps of Mississippi, 
 whether fighting the battles of Europe or struggling for 
 the freedom of America, every Irish heart loved the land 
 consecrated by the Harp of Tara s Hall. Age after age 
 the patriots of Erin had presented their battalioned col 
 umns to the sword of the invader, and when their ranks 
 were broken and their forces destroyed, hope still lingered 
 in their hearts. The battle of the Boyne was lost, the 
 treaty of Limerick was violated, and Sarsfield and his gal 
 lant comrades were no more. Their heroes had been 
 slaughtered and their people had been massacred. Still 
 they remembered Massilia, Vittoria, Luzzara, Freidlingen, 
 Spires, Blenheim, Oudenarde, Malplequet, Denain and 
 Fontenoy, where Irish valor won immortal glory ; and 
 they were inspired by their triumphs in other lands to 
 look for the redemption of Ireland in the blood of her 
 children. 
 
 The French Revolution was their opportunity, and 
 again the spirit of the past awoke, and armed men were 
 ready for the battle cry. Tone, Thomas Addis Emmit, 
 Neilson, Russell and a host of others, planned an insurrec 
 tion against British domination. The youth of the land 
 threw themselves into the movement, and were swept 
 along by the hurricane. Tone had conceived the idea of 
 co-operating with Napoleon in the conquest of the Anglo- 
 Saxon nation, but on the 2Oth of May, 1798, General 
 Bonaparte embarked for Egypt, and thus the cause of 
 Ireland was treacherously abandoned. On the 23d of the 
 same month, the insurrection broke out, and this filled the 
 hearts of the Irish refugees in Paris with enthusiasm. A 
 gallant French officer fitted out a vessel, landed at Killala, 
 and, with a small force, covered the royal troops with 
 ignominious defeat. 
 
 This expedition, which ultimately failed, owing to the 
 paucity of numbers and want of resources, inspired the 
 Directory to send a fleet into British waters to fight the 
 battle of freedom for the exiles of Erin. The vessels set 
 sail on the 2Oth of September and met an English fleet in 
 Lough Swilly on the nth of October. The British ships 
 were much larger than the French, and had better guns. 
 The French fleet was conquered. On one of the French 
 
8 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 vessels were five hundred Irish refugees who had come 
 from all parts of the French dominion to fight the old 
 battle again. They were all young men who had been 
 engaged in the conspiracy formed by the Rev. William 
 Jackson, a Protestant clergyman, for the invasion of Eng 
 land by the French and Irish people. Mr. Jackson had 
 revealed his plans to an English barrister, Cockayne, and 
 this individual betrayed the secret to the government, by 
 whom he was employed to follow Jackson and acquaint 
 himself with all the details of the movement. Cockayne 
 was admitted to the insurrectionary conventions, and be 
 came familiar with all the daring spirits in the enterprise. 
 When Jackson was arrested and sentenced to death, his 
 adherents sought refuge in France, where they watched 
 the current of events and waited for the fortunate day 
 when they could again espouse the cause for which they 
 and their forefathers had fought. 
 
 In the clash of battle amidst the surging billows, the 
 French fleet was almost annihilated, and Delecasse, the 
 commander of the transport, turned the prow of his vessel 
 to the sea, intending to save his Irish confederates in 
 flight, because he knew they would be condemned as 
 traitors, while the French would only be detained as pris 
 oners of war. By reaching the shores of Holland, he 
 thought to inform the Directory of the disaster, and 
 secure re-enforcement for the conquest of England. But 
 they had no compass, and were soon lost in the wilder 
 ness of waves. Onward they sailed, expecting every day 
 to see loom up, from the broad expanse, the gray rocks of 
 the Hebrides ; but more bewildered than Genoa s navi 
 gator on his way to the portals of Cathay and the gates of 
 India, they beheld naught but sky and flood. No wreck 
 floated on the billows, no winged messenger from neigh 
 boring coasts, filled their hearts with gleams of hope, but 
 the purple dome above and the green depths beneath led 
 them to believe that they had bidden farewell to the land 
 of their youth. 
 
 On board was a Presbyterian minister, the Rev., 
 William Flynn. Although many of these young heroes 
 were not Presbyterians, yet they all, without exception, 
 loved Mr. Flynn for his devotion to Ireland, and his 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 9 
 
 broad-minded, liberal views, and his consideration for 
 the religious convictions of those who differed with him 
 in creed, and they had unanimously chosen him as their 
 chaplain. Mr. Flynn took with him, when he left France, 
 a number of books, and among others, the Holy Bible, 
 and the best works of the Fathers, several volumes on 
 economics and the histories of all nations. He was their 
 spiritual guide in the hour of peril, and when the clouds 
 of despondency crushed the hearts of his comrades, he 
 was their only star of hope. His bright smiles and gentle 
 words, and above all, perhaps, his sallies of wit and 
 humor, made them laugh in the dreariest moments. He 
 recalled the struggles of their ancestors for liberty amidst 
 the glens of Erin, spoke of Swerwick and the massacre of 
 the O Moores, and the butchery of their ancestors by the 
 sword of the Protector at Drogheda, Dundalk, Newry, 
 Carlingford and Wexford. He rehearsed the folk-lore of 
 Erin, the visitation of fairies to the Vale of Avoca, the 
 ghost stories connected with the cabin of Timothy 
 O Reilly, the legend of the Limerick bells, the history of 
 Kate Kearney in the Gap of Dunloe, the fight between 
 O Donohue and the Devil on Devil s Bit Island, and 
 many a pleasant anecdote about Irish wakes and wed 
 dings. Onward they sped through the tossing billows. A 
 terrific gale arose on the deep, and the ship was at the 
 mercy of the waves for four weeks. The days grew 
 shorter, the sun appearing but a few hours each day ; 
 than a half hour, a few minutes, till finally night threw its 
 shadows over the deep to vanish no more. When the 
 exiles realized their desperate condition, they were over 
 whelmed with fear. 
 
 "We have reached the end of the world !" exclaimed 
 some of the men, and the opinion was generally accepted. 
 But the minister and some others were thoroughly ac 
 quainted with astronomy and explained the cause of the 
 darkness. 
 
 "We have drifted far out of our course to the north," 
 said Mr. Flynn. "We are now approaching the winter 
 solstice, and this is the season of night in the Arctic re 
 gions. We must veer the ship toward the south." 
 
 But there was no light to see, no sun illuminated the 
 
10 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 sky, no mariner s guide, and the storm, coming from the 
 torrid belt, swept them farther into the north frigid zone ; 
 and thus they wandered aimlessly over the bleak ex 
 panse, trusting to the God of Mercy. Fortunately they 
 had sufficient provisions. The storm waxed fiercer, as 
 sumed the magnitude of a hurricane, the ship moaned 
 and creaked, the wild waves swept the deck and kissed 
 the spars and masts, the hatches were closed, and for a 
 month more they drifted with the march of the tempest. 
 Every moment the vessel gave indication that it was sink 
 ing, and despair was traced on every face and sat on every 
 heart. Three hundred years before Columbus had battled 
 with the elements amid circumstances that would have 
 tried great men s souls ; but that child of destiny saw the 
 sky above and the broad expanse ot water lay out before 
 him. He could measure the day by the dawn and the 
 twilight. But every gleam of hope had vanished from 
 these children of Erin. Still in their sorrow they were 
 comforted by the thoughts that were afterwards woven 
 into song, and rehearsed by the lyre of their great na 
 tional bard: 
 
 "Sail on, sail on, thou fearless bark 
 
 Wherever blows the welcome wind, 
 It cannot lead to scenes more dark, 
 
 More sad than those we leave behind. 
 
 "Sail on, sail on through endless space 
 
 Through calm through tempest stop no more; 
 
 The stormiest sea s a resting-place 
 
 To him who leaves such hearts on shore." 
 
 Far away in the. distance they beheld lights twinkling 
 in the darkness. 
 
 "Land ! Land !" was cried from every lip. "We have 
 reached a haven of rest ! Steer toward the light ! Put out 
 the signal of distress !" 
 
 The signal was given, but no response came from the 
 shore. 
 
 "Perhaps," said Martin Barry, "the light came from 
 a passing ship. If we can hail the vessel, we are saved." 
 
 But the tempests howled like the demons of despair 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN II 
 
 wailing in the depths of hades. The light vanished in the 
 darkness and Spitzbergen (for this was the name of the 
 place) disappeared in the shadows of an Arctic winter. 
 Not many days later, when the storm had subsided, they 
 ran aground on a huge sandbar near the shores of a 
 desert island. They thought that they were close to land, 
 but had no means of ascertaining, and their knowledge 
 was confined to conjecture. The vessel rolled from one 
 side to the other, and the billows swept her deck from bow 
 to stern. There was no sign of human habitation, no cer 
 tainty of land near by, and no hope of relief. The vessel 
 was doomed to be wrecked, and every moment the voy 
 agers expected that the end would arrive. When despair 
 had reached its height, and the wanderers on the deep 
 looked each moment to see their litle craft dashed to 
 pieces, the tide began to flow and the vessel floated with 
 the waves. 
 
 "Hoist the sails!" cried the captain, "and let us put 
 out to sea once more." 
 
 "Why not find deep water," suggested Patrick Boyle, 
 "and anchor till the return of spring ? Then we could see 
 our path, and get some idea of our bearings. Here we 
 are wandering over the waters without a guide, amidst 
 shoals and rocks and icebergs, with our lives in im 
 minent jeopardy. We have been floating around about 
 a month since night fell on us, and we don t know where 
 we are. We steered south when we discovered our mis 
 take, and yet no sign of dawn. Perhaps in the storm our 
 course was changed and we are drifting north and will 
 soon reach the pole." 
 
 "I am sure," said Timothy O Hara, "that we are 
 within the Arctic Circle, for how could it be so intensely 
 cold ? Sure it is ten times more frosty here than it is at 
 Glengariff, and I never felt such a breeze on Bantry 
 Bay." 
 
 "No," said Mike Gallagher, "the coldest day on Din 
 gle mountain would be July weather compared to this. 
 Faith, I think cows in this climate would give ice-cream 
 milk." 
 
 However, the Captain was not discouraged. 
 
 "We may be drifting east or west," said he "and in 
 
12 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 that event, we will surely reach the shores of Europe, Asia 
 or America. It is more than likely we are sailing toward 
 the west; and I am firmly convinced that the land where 
 we saw the lights is Iceland." 
 
 "It might be Greenland," remarked Teddy Malone. 
 "The longest night in Iceland is only twenty-four hours, 
 and it is beyond dou bt that we have been in darkness at 
 least a month or two. At Cape Brewster, in Greenland, 
 the longest night is about two months ; and it is more than 
 double that period towards the northern part of the 
 island." 
 
 Mr. Flynn now gave his opinion. 
 
 "Gentlemen, we do not know any more about the 
 geography of our position than we know about the man in 
 the moon. We could not have been in the vicinity of Ice 
 land when we saw the lights, for, as Teddy Malone says, 
 the longest night in Iceland is only twenty-four hours. 
 Teddy, you are a smart boy. You have not forgotten 
 what you learned from Mr. O Rourke about geography 
 and astronomy. Iceland is but a little beyond the parallel 
 of sixty-three degrees of north latitude, whereas Green 
 land stretches out beyond the eightieth degree. Iceland is 
 south of the Arctic Circle, the dividing line between day 
 and night in the polar regions. Greenland is principally 
 north of the Arctic Circle." 
 
 "But," said Tom Reilly, "Nova Zembla is also north 
 of the Arctic Circle, and, your reverence, it might have 
 been that island; and if you are hard up for islands where 
 the nights continue for months, sure there is Spitzbergen 
 and Franz Josef Land. Sure, what s the use of speculat 
 ing about a -party of wee bits of islands! We are in it, and 
 we must get out of it, and if we die here, it is just as well 
 as to ( be shot in Ireland. For my part, I don t care where 
 ye go, just so ye get out of this. Let us not be killing 
 precious time arguing about geography and astronomy 
 and these little things, when our lives and our country are 
 in peril. You seem to be anxious to s how your informa 
 tion on abstruse subjects. The next thing we know, ye ll 
 be involved in the mysteries of astrology, mythology, 
 geology, palaeontology and ichthyology. Oh! do you 
 mind them fine words I am using! Faith, if I turned my- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 13 
 
 self loose, I d play hob with the whole party of ye scientific 
 lads. But it s land and light we want now, and not big 
 words. Put on the sails and clear out of this ! If we go to 
 the east or the west, we will strike continents or islands; 
 and if we are going north, we will soon reach the pole, and 
 then we ll come down on the other side, for they say the 
 earth is round like a ball." 
 
 After serious deliberation, the crew agreed to trust to 
 Divine Providence in the present emergency and to sail 
 on, regardless of their geographical position. Hours and 
 days and weeks rolled by, and onward the ship sped 
 through ice and storm and wave. After several months a 
 faint light began to struggle through the dense clouds that 
 hung over their horizon. The heart of every voyager 
 throbbed fast with new life and high hope. The shadows 
 slowly vanished, the horizon could be distinctly seen on 
 the expanse of the wild waste of water. Brighter and 
 brighter grew the blush on the brow of the morning, and 
 finally the full-orbed, radiant glory of day, burst upon the 
 deep; and the brave soldiers sang that sublime canticle 
 that was intoned by the angelic hosts and echoed over 
 the plains of Bethlehem when the Babe of Israel s pro 
 phetic dreams was born to gladden the heart of humanity. 
 They held a consultation to decide what course they 
 should pursue. Their deliberations were interrupted by a 
 wild shout from the deck. "Land ! Land 1 ! We have reached 
 land!" Every passenger on the Rochelle rushed to the 
 deck, and beheld far away the faint outline of a coast. 
 In the background were seen columns of smoke, rising 
 from human habitation and floating on the breath of the 
 morning. 
 
 "Thank God!" cried every voice. "Thank God that 
 we are saved!" 
 
 "What country is it?" asked Larry O Neill. "Surely 
 this is not Holland, and I do not think it is Norway." 
 
 "It cannot be America," remarked Patsy Donnelly, 
 "because we must be far beyond the latitude of America." 
 
 "I don t know about that," said Patrick Gilhooley. 
 "America is a whopping big country. My father fought 
 in the American Revolution against the troops of his 
 Royal Majesty, and it is a fine beating they got from the 
 
14 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 Yankees. I ve heard my father say that Ireland was not a 
 patch to America. Faith, you could put the three king 
 doms into one American state/ 
 
 "Yes," responded Donnelly, "and the United States 
 is only a small portion of America. Mexico is to the south 
 of that, and farther on is Central America, and then, be 
 yond that still, is South America. On the other side is 
 Canada, which is bounded on the north by the Arctic 
 Ocean." 
 
 "Is that where the Esquimaux live?" asked Gilhooley. 
 
 "The Esquimaux," said Donnelly, "inhabit the coasts 
 of all the seas, inlets and islands of North America, be 
 yond the sixtieth degree. They are found from the east 
 ern coast of Greenland to Behring Strait, and it s a dirty 
 crowd of vagabonds they are, too. They dwell in snow 
 huts in winter, and live on the fles h of wild animals, for 
 the most part without cooking it, and they drink the 
 blood of their game freshly killed, like a pack of hyenas. 
 They fling the offals of the game into the corner of their 
 huts, and the stench of Billingsgate market is decent com 
 pared with it. I hope we don t fall in with that crew." 
 
 In the meantime the ship had approached within sight 
 of the wharf. A shot was fired from the fort, command 
 ing the entrance of the bay. The Rochelle put out the 
 green flag, thinking, of course, that every nation on earth 
 understood the significance of that emblem. A tender, 
 bearing a guard of armed soldiers, approached the ship, 
 and an explanation was demanded why it had entered 
 these waters without license. When the invaders heard 
 the strange tongue, they were non-plussed, and imme 
 diately called Delecasse, thinking that, as he was a 
 Frenchman, he might be able to interpret their language. 
 
 "Parlez vous Francais?" asked the Captain, but the 
 natives could not understand the significance of his ex 
 pression, and they replied in words full of mystery to the 
 passengers of the misguided ship. Again Delecasse, who 
 was familiar with German, interrogated his custodians: 
 
 "Sprechen Sie Deutsch?" Still no intelligible re 
 sponse. "Wir sind Soldaten und wir sind verloren auf 
 dem See, und wir sind zu diessem Lande gewandert. Ver- 
 stehen Sie?" Yet the enigma was not solved. "Was fuer 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 1 5 
 
 eine Spraohe sprechen Sie? Es ist nicht Franzoesisch und 
 es ist nicht Deutsch. Ist es Italienisch?" No answer. 
 "Sprechen Sie Spanisch, oder Lateinisch?" No answer. 
 "Verstehen Sie Polnisch, oder Russisch, oder Griechisch, 
 oder Arabisch, oder Syrisch?" 
 
 "What are you saying, Captain?" queried Teddy Ma- 
 lone. 
 
 "I asked them if they could understand Polish or Rus 
 sian, or Greek or Latin, or Spanish or Italian, or Arabic 
 or Syriac." 
 
 "My God!" exclaimed Larry Sullivan, "don t ye spake 
 any language under the sun? Sure, here we have a poly 
 glot with us, and yet ye don t same to understand a word 
 of the hundred tongues that he spakes. Be Japers ! what 
 kind of animals are ye, any way? Ye are nather men nor 
 alligators. Ye are a quare crowd of fish. Well, there s 
 one consolation they can t abuse us, for they can curse 
 till their tongues are black, and their throats are ten times 
 their ordinary size, and we will be none the wiser." 
 
 The officers took charge of the ship, and having 
 reached the dock, ordered the passengers to disembark. 
 The Governor-General was informed of the occurrence, 
 and he, having held consultation with the proper authori 
 ty, notified the officers of the city to keep the strangers in 
 custody till something definite could be ascertained about 
 their antecedents. After a few weeks the Irish were per 
 mitted to wander through the city, and thus they mingled 
 with the natives, and rapidly acquired a knowledge of their 
 tongue. In less than a year they could speak it quite flu 
 ently. 
 
 One morning Timothy O Hara, who had become an 
 employe in the office of a Dr. Spemheimer, met Patrick 
 O Dowd, who occupied the position of coachman for a 
 Dr. Kranseit, and he saluted his old friend as in the days 
 of yore. 
 
 "Good morning, Pat." 
 
 "Good morning, Tim." 
 
 "Oh! but it s Doctor Tim now!" replied O Hara. 
 
 "Yes, and it s Doctor Pat, too," said the other. 
 
 "Well, said Tim, "I ve invented the greatest medicine 
 ye ever heard of. Sure, a man was brought to my office 
 
l6 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 the other day, and his heart had not run for two weeks. 
 I gave him some of my medicine, and now his heart runs 
 like an eight-day clock." 
 
 "Begorra, that s nothing to the medicine I have in 
 vented!" said Pat. "I was called some time ago to see a 
 man who had no liver nor lights. He took three doses 
 of my medicine every day for a week, and thin I went to 
 see him and I larned that he had a ten-pound liver and an 
 electric light! How s that for high?" 
 
 Pat and Tim then went into a restaurant to have din 
 ner, and they ordered everything on the bill of board. 
 The waitress brought them soup, celery and crabs. They 
 ate the first two, but did not touch the last. When the 
 maid returned with other dishes, Tim said: 
 
 "Madam, we ate your dish-water and your bouquet, 
 but I ll be damned if we ll ate your bugs!" 
 
 The Irish and the natives associated freely. The latter 
 were amused with their guests, and mutual admiration 
 and sympathy engendered a lasting friendship between 
 thm. The exiles gave frequent performances in their own 
 language, which the natives now readily understood, and 
 told many anecdotes of their people and country. They 
 related the history of Ireland from the earliest days, spoke 
 of the Partholans and their subsequent annihilation ; the 
 migration of the Formorians, the Nemedhians, Firbolgs 
 and other tribes and clans who belonged to the wooded 
 isles of the western ocean. They dilated on the war with 
 the Norsemen and their final triumph by the intrepidity 
 of Brian the Brave, in the year 1014; the invasion of their 
 country by the army of the Saxon King; the persecutions 
 they endured from the cruel enactments of British sover 
 eigns and British Parliaments; the victories that had 
 sometimes crowned their insurrections; their expatriation; 
 the loss of their tongue by foreign importation and legal 
 proscription; their deprivation of the advantages of edu 
 cation; the conquest of Napoleon, with whom they had 
 cast their fortunes ; the coalition with the French Direc 
 tory for the subversion of the Anglo-Saxon throne; the 
 formation of a fleet to co-operate with the army in the 
 liberation of their country and their defeat and disaster at 
 Lough Swilly. Then the Irish refugees detailed the story 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 17 
 
 of their escape from the English navy, and their subse 
 quent embarrassment on the sea. The strangers believed 
 them and explained why they were suspicious. 
 
 "You see," they said, "our history is something like 
 the story that you tell. Tradition states that our ancestors 
 came from the continent of Asia, from the borders of the 
 Mediterranean, from the Mountains of Israel. Those 
 were the ten tribes, and when they reached the trans-Arctic 
 world, they divided the land between them. The country 
 was called New Israel, after our home in Asia. Then arose 
 the independent kingdom of Dan, and the kingdom of 
 Reuben, the kingdom of Zabulon, the kingdom of Simeon, 
 Asher, Manassah, keeping the names according as they 
 existed in Palestine. At that distant period it was be 
 lieved that there was but one continent, but later it was 
 discovered that there were two great hemispheres, separ 
 ated by two vast oceans. Each hemisphere contained two 
 continents, besides numerous islands. The sea on the west 
 of New Israel was called the sea of Abraham, and the 
 broad expanse of waters on the east was named the Sea 
 of Moab. The ocean to the south did not exist in the 
 days of our ancestors. According to tradition, there was 
 a mighty earthquake about eighteen hundred years ago, 
 and in that seismic convulsion, the land to the south, over 
 which our fathers marched from Asia to this part of the 
 earth, suddenly vanished, and the wild ocean rolled over 
 the lost regions." 
 
 "You say that happened about eighten hundred years 
 ago?" said Larry O Neill. 
 
 "Yes," replied the Israelites; "and our fathers were 
 appalled, because they thought that it was the announce 
 ment of the birth of the Messiah, who, according to our 
 prophecies, was to be born of the house of David. Moses 
 says that The adversaries of the Lord shall fear him, and 
 upon them shall he thunder in the heavens. The Lord 
 shall judge the ends of the earth, and he shall give empire 
 to his king. 
 
 Mr. Flynn then related that Christ, the Messiah, prom 
 ised to Israel, had come about that time, and when He 
 was condemned on the cross, the sun was darkened, and 
 there was a great earthquake, and other expressions of 
 
1 8 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 nature s revolt against the crime of deicide perpetrated by 
 the Jews. The story immediately gained credence among 
 the children of the lost tribes. 
 
 "What is the name of the ocean to the south?" ques 
 tioned Terry O Shanahan. 
 
 "We call that expanse of wave the Black Ocean, be 
 cause night broods over a part of it about four months in 
 the year." 
 
 "And what is the name of this Continent?" queried 
 Terry. 
 
 "This is the Continent of Toadia, and it was discovered 
 about three hundred years ago. It is divided into three 
 great divisions, North, Central and South Toadia; and 
 these divisions have many distinct governments. Al 
 though Toadias, who discovered this land, sailed in the 
 service of Reuben, yet it is peopled by different nations 
 of New Israel. Dan introduced colonies into North 
 Toadia, while Reuben and Asher colonized Central and 
 South Toadia. The North Toadians have rebelled against 
 the domination of Dan, and declared their independence, 
 and a war is now progressing in that country." 
 
 "Is that so?" asked Patrick Gilhooley. "Well be- 
 gorra, we are just fresh from the fight, and if there is a 
 chance for our hand, we will not be slow in putting in a 
 few strokes." 
 
 The Captain asked how far it was to the capital of 
 North Toadia, and the natives informed him that it was 
 about a thousand leagues. Larry O Neill proposed to 
 join the army of the insurgents, and the refugees shouted, 
 with one voice: 
 
 "Hurrah for Toadia! Let us unfurl the green flag 
 and fight for liberty!" 
 
 The sails were spread, the cables were removed, and 
 the Rochelle sped away, amidst the cheers of the natives 
 and the songs of the Irish bards. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 Solomon, whose glory has been the theme of many a 
 poet, and whose wisdom has dazzled nations and ages; 
 Solomon, who crowned Mount Moria with a temple of 
 beauty, wealth and splendor, where the sacrifice and the 
 prayers of Israel were offered, and where the love of a de 
 voted people was enthroned; Solomon, whose voice was 
 the voice of prophecy, whose visions were mighty armies 
 of angels, whose dreams were the thoughts of God, and 
 whose songs have echoed among the massive columns 
 and through the dimly lighted cathedral aisles in every 
 Christian land; this renowned man was a paradoxical ex 
 emplification of virtue and vice This king, sage and 
 oracle, forgot the messages of heaven, which he delivered 
 to the children of Abraham; forgot the promises made to 
 the father of his race; forgot the mystic rod that hid the 
 golden sheen of day with the sable curtain of night, that 
 transmuted silvery streams into gory floods, that filled 
 the land of Egypt with the shadows of death and the sighs 
 of the grave, that dispersed the waves and called forth a 
 limpid fountain from a solid rock. This mighty voice of 
 revelation forgot the Deity clad in the flames of the stormy 
 skies; forgot the magic sound of Josua s trumpet and the 
 crash and fall of a doomed city; forgot the battles won 
 by the sword of martial angels; forgot the ministers of 
 vengeance that smote the camp of Assyria, and the retri 
 bution that fell on the hosts of David. In his wealth and 
 luxury, the inspired king, seduced by the fascinations of 
 his pagan wives, stained the altar of Moloch with the 
 blood of sacrifice and paid homage to Astarthe, the god 
 dess of the Sidonians. And God spoke to Solomon, say 
 ing: "Because thou hast done this, and hast not kept my 
 covenant and my precepts, which I have commanded thee, 
 I will divide and rend thy kingdom, and I will give it to 
 thy servant. Nevertheless, in thy days I will not do it, for 
 David thy father s sake, but I will rend it out of the hand 
 of thy son. Neither will I take away the whole kingdom, 
 
20 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 but I will give one tribe to thy son, for the sake of David 
 my servant, and Jerusalem which I have chosen." This 
 prophecy was fulfilled in the next reign, when the ten 
 tribes, rebelling against the unjust and exorbitant taxa 
 tion, chose Jeroboam, one of Solomon s servants, for their 
 king; while the tribes of Benjamin and Judah remained 
 faithful to Roboam. Thus was established the independ 
 ent kingdom of Israel. For two hundred and fifty-two 
 years the ten tribes maintained a separate existence. Jero 
 boam designated Bethel and Dan as the places where 
 Israel should offer worship to God. A new priesthood 
 was ordained, and soon the land was cursed with the 
 abominations of pagan vices and superstitions. Elias 
 spoke in vain. The clouds of heaven refused their moisture, 
 the voice of Baal was silent in the hour of need, and the 
 earth was crimsoned with the blood of his priests. Israel s 
 iniquities cried to the throne of God for vengeance. The 
 day of chastisement came. Salmanasar laid siege to Sa 
 maria, the capital of their kingdom. After three years and 
 six months, the city was taken, and the hosts of Israel 
 were led captive into Assyria, in the year 722; and thus 
 ended forever, as men have vainly thought, the independ 
 ent kingdom of the ten tribes. 
 
 Ethnologists and students of history have searched 
 every known spot on earth in quest of the lost houses of 
 Israel. The history of the Jews, their decline, dispersion 
 and peregrinations, is the most interesting and remarkable 
 narrative that has ever been written by the pen of man. 
 An enthralled people on the borders of the Nile cry to the 
 God of Abraham, and Jehovah appears to Moses on the 
 summit of Horeb. The Hebrew legislator conducts the 
 flight of his countrymen, and that little band of fugitives 
 grew into a nation which has been blessed with immor 
 tality. The voice of prophecy has long ceased to fill her 
 temples, and the wings of angels are no more spread above 
 her Holy of Holies; and yet Judah has left her impress 
 upon every civilized land. The Jew is known everywhere. 
 The blood of Abraham still rolls in his veins, unchanged 
 by the tide of time, and the birth of empires and the death 
 of nations. The Egyptians were far more powerful, far 
 more enlightened and far more numerous; yet the children 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 21 
 
 of the Pharaohs are known only by the ruins of their 
 cities and temples and pyramids. The Chaldeans and 
 Assyrians were masters of the Orient, when Israel s 1 
 prophets wept over the desolation of their lands. And 
 these people now live only in the buried splendor of Nine 
 veh and Babylon. -Greece was a land of art and genius, 
 and the harp of the muse has consecrated all her foun 
 tains, vales and groves. What sacred names cluster 
 around that immortal land! What glorious memories are 
 enshrined in the verse of her bards! What dauntless he 
 roes pass before the fancy, as it wanders back to the golden 
 days of Corinth, Sparta and Athens! Orators, statesmen, 
 warriors, sculptors, poets, painters! Come forth, ye 
 deathless shades, and tell us whither has vanished thy 
 classic lore! Come forth, ye mighty men of song, ye 
 mental giants and pioneers of progress, ye children of 
 genius that have filled the world with noble thoughts and 
 divine inspirations! Come forth from the tomb of the 
 ages, ye tutors of Dante and Petrarch, Milton and Shelley! 
 Come forth from the silent dust, ye noble spirits who 
 breathed upon the soul of Raphael and Angelo, Titian and 
 Correggio, and inspired them with visions of lifeless 
 beauty that rival the grandest works of God! Come forth, 
 Phidias and Praxiteles, who carved the smile and tear and 
 clad the marble with every expression of human passion 
 and sentiment! Come from your long forgotten graves 
 and moldering mausoleums, Plato and Socrates, Zeno and 
 Aristotle, and dissipate the cloud that envelopes the lost 
 glory of thy immortal land! Why have ye, famed chil 
 dren of the gods, left no successors? Where is inhumed 
 the treasures of your race? Where is buried the glory of 
 your race? The history of Athens is closed. Her halls are 
 silent and the stones of her academies mingle with the 
 dust of her great men. The vales of Greece no more re 
 sound with the voice of the lyre, and the harp is silent in 
 her groves. Let us leave the rocks of Athens, swept by 
 the Aegean Sea, and wander to the throne of the Caesars, 
 on the shores of the Tiber. The Imperial Eagles floated 
 over every land, from the billows of the Persian Gulf to 
 Ultima Thule, and the power of Rome was feared by all 
 the nations and tribes, from the sandy desert of Libya to 
 
22 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 the land of the midnight sun. She had aggregated the 
 gods of all peoples. She had appropriated the wealth and 
 learning of the world. Her subjects numbered one hun 
 dred and eighty millions, and her coffers were filled with 
 the tributes of her conquered dominions. Genius, art and 
 science flourished in her halls. Eloquence resounded 
 among the stately columns of her forum. Luxury filled 
 her homes, elegance adorned her palaces, and in the height 
 of her pride and in the full assurance of her durability, 
 she called herself the Eternal City. The palaces of the 
 Caesars are buried, the temples of her gods are in ruins; 
 there is nothing left of the forum but a few broken pillars; 
 the Colosseum is tottering; and this is all that remains to 
 perpetuate the name of Pagan Rome. New peoples have 
 come down from the German Ocean and the Baltic Sea 
 and pitched their tents upon the ruins of the Empire; 
 young nations have sprung up on the borders of the Adri 
 atic and the Mediterranean; young republics have 
 crowned the Umbrian hills and the rocks of the Maritime 
 Alps ; a new tongue has supplanted the old ; new customs 
 and manners lend their assistance in obliterating the last 
 vestiges of the ancient Empire, and the Roman name lives 
 only in the history of the past, in the monuments of genius 
 that have made the City of the Twins the shrine of art, the 
 sanctuary of science and the throne of power. 
 
 Yet amidst these mighty revolutions and vast up 
 heavals, the birth and death of nations, the origin and de 
 cay of peoples, the Jews have remained distinct and un 
 scathed, and, though small in numbers, have exerted an 
 influence on the civilization of every land and left the im 
 press of their footsteps in every clime. Condemned to wear 
 a peculiar garb, disfranchised, burdened with unjust taxa 
 tions, prohibited from social intercourse among them 
 selves, forbidden to read the Talmud, forced to hear 
 Christian sermons, confined in the walled Ghettos from 
 twilight till dawn, expelled from nearly every city in Italy, 
 burned by the Inquisition of Spain, banished from Portu 
 gal and their children taken from them, massacred in En 
 gland regardless of age and sex, persecuted in France, 
 proscribed in Germany, the Jewish blood remains un 
 changed, and their sacred traditions are hallowed by all 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 23 
 
 the centuries of their exile. They were the merchants, the 
 bankers, the financiers of the world. Without them, the 
 past history of commerce would be shorn of its glory. 
 Proscribed in the land of the Goth, they seek refuge in 
 the glimmer of the Crescent, mingle with the savage pi 
 rates and fierce Moors, and establish their temples in the 
 shadow of the Mosque, unmolested by the swarthy sons 
 of the desert. Their power flourishes in the European 
 dominions of the Ottoman Empire, and they appropriate 
 the trade of the Levant. They pursue their traffic in 
 Venice, Genoa, Pisa, Parma, Florence, Padua, Mantua, 
 Leghorn, Cremona. 
 
 The scions of the same blood, untrammeled by the 
 gyves of bondage, developing their natural capacity, un 
 folding their God-given faculties, without restriction, 
 without discrimination, have trodden the path of glory 
 and established an empire grander than Chaldea and As 
 syria when Nineveh and Babylon adorned the valley of 
 the Tigris and Euphrates, and when their brazen gates and 
 minarets and spires glittered in the golden sheen of an 
 oriental sky; grander than Egypt when her magnificent 
 mausoleums were swept by the wandering clouds; grand 
 er than Greece when Helicon was the shrine of the Muse, 
 and bards sought Parnassus to drink from Castalia s crys 
 tal fountain; grander than Rome in the palmiest days of 
 her strength and glory; grander than Spain when the sun 
 never set on her vast dominions; grander than France 
 when the Corsican was crowned with the laurels of victory 
 and the tricolor floated in triumph over fallen empires; 
 grander than England to-day when her ships have broken 
 the waves on every sea, and her sails have been unfurled 
 beneath every sky. Released from captivity, the children 
 of Israel determined to seek a retreat where they would 
 not be molested by the armies of powerful nations. Achaz 
 was their leader. He addressed the disciples of his creed 
 and the brethren of his blood. 
 
 "Lo! our fathers were enthralled in Egypt. Jehovah 
 conducted our flight by day with the shadow of his wing, 
 and illuminated our march at night with the glory of his 
 countenance. We fought the Amelecites and Raphidim 
 in the desert of Sin, and Moses and Aaron and Hur went 
 
24 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 to the top of the hill, and Moses lifted up his hands to 
 heaven in prayer, and the hosts of Amalec were put to 
 flight by the sword of Josua. Our army conquered Sehon, 
 king of the Amorrhites, and overthrew Og, king of Basan. 
 We were led across the Jordan into the Land of Promise, 
 and miracles and victories crowned the march of Josua. 
 Walled cities fell- and hostile tribes vanished. Angels led 
 our warriors to the battle fields, and God blessed our land 
 with abundance. But great nations now beset us, and we 
 have no Moses. Josua is dead, our valiant leaders are all 
 gone, our people are divided, our land is cursed with 
 abominations, our country is in the hand of strangers, 
 our homes are in ruins, and we are forsaken by Jehovah. 
 Let us, children of Abraham, abandon the land of our 
 inheritance, and the graves of our sires, and seek conso 
 lation in the solitude of the forest, where no other nation 
 dwells." 
 
 Thus spake Achaz, the leader of the tribes, and that 
 mighty army went forth from the realms of the Assyrian 
 in search of a new home, where they could erect their 
 altars in peace, and please God with a pure sacrifice, un 
 molested by invasions from powerful chiefs and armed 
 legions. Onward they moved in serried phalanxes along 
 the shores of the Caspian Sea, over the steppes of Embim, 
 across the Obi River and through the wilderness of the 
 far north. Seven hundred years before, they had made 
 their first Exodus from the empire of the Pharaohs, and 
 it was nearly forty years before they reached the land over 
 flowing with milk and honey. It was just forty years from 
 the time they left their captivity on the rivers of Babylon 
 till they pitched their tents in the land of their dreams, the 
 fair Utopia beyond the Arctic. In those remote days, the 
 broad Continent of Asia stretched out in extent to the 
 regions that lie northward of what is generally supposed 
 by astronomers to be the pole of the earth. This world 
 has existed in the dreams of poets and visionaries, and 
 adventurous navigators have lost their lives in journeying 
 thither. They vainly thought that they were within a 
 short distance of the north pole when they went beyond 
 eighty degrees of latitude. The earth is not a spheroid. 
 In the early history of the world, and as late as the era of 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2$ 
 
 Israel s second migration, the earth was in the form of a 
 double sphere united at what is called by our geographers 
 the north pole. In the days of Israel s flight, the curva 
 ture of our part of the earth ceased at sixty-six degrees, 
 the region of the Arctic Circle, the border of the north 
 frigid zone, and there began a broad expanse of tableland, 
 extending over an area of forty-six degrees. The winter 
 nights of the Arctic region never fell on this immense 
 plateau, though the winter days were of short duration. 
 About six hundred years after the lost tribes arrived in the 
 land of their destination, a mighty earthquake shook the 
 polar world. Cataclysms followed the seismic convulsion, 
 the waves rushed in from neighboring seas, and the Arctic 
 Ocean was formed on the ruins of a lost land. 
 
 Many times have continents vanished and reappeared 
 in the geological history of the earth. There are 
 chalk deposits in England, varying from several hun 
 dred to a thousand feet in thickness. This chalk 
 area is found to extend from the western coast of 
 Ireland, through England, Denmark, Germany, Po 
 land, Russia, along the coast of North Africa, to Ara 
 bia. Scientists have proved that chalk is formed of globi- 
 gerena, the shells of a species of aquatic organisms. 
 Hence, the sea must, at some time, have rolled its restless 
 billows over central Europe from the western coast to 
 Syria. But between the chalk are found strata of vege 
 table deposits, the trunks of trees, and hence we have evi 
 dence that the ocean receded again, and gardens flour 
 ished on the regions that were once swept by the waves. 
 The story of the Lost Atlantis is familiar to the student of 
 Plato, and what are all those islands of the deep but the 
 remains of buried continents? Thus likewise perished 
 the connecting link betwen us and the ultra-Arctic world. 
 Thus was broken the relations between Israel and the rest 
 of mankind, and thus originated those countries of the far 
 north, where that genius and durability which character 
 ized the Jews amidst all the vicissitudes of ages and na 
 tions, have been emphasized in the foundation and devel 
 opment of a democracy that answers to all the dreams of 
 reformers. 
 
 The Israelites divided the land among themselves, 
 
26 SEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 each taking a portion, and each country assuming the 
 name of its tribe. There were yet vast tracts unoccupied, 
 and disputes arose and wars were waged over the posses 
 sion of these common lands. Distinct religions grew up 
 in the course of centuries, followed by distinct laws and 
 constitutions. Persecution was often applied to quell in 
 ternal insurrections and defections from the established 
 worship of each country. About four hundred years ago, 
 Toadias, an adventurer, discovered a new world beyond 
 the great ocean which formed the western boundary of 
 the vast country first inhabited by the ten tribes. For 
 nearly three hundred years this new world became the 
 refuge of the oppressed in every land. It was called, in 
 honor of its discoverer, Toadia. The kingdom of Dan be 
 gan to exercise a sovereignty over Toadia, and though 
 frequently remonstrated with, she still continued to bur 
 den the infant nation with exorbitant taxation. In the 
 Parliament of Dan, no representative of Toadia had a 
 voice, no petitions were answered, no grievances were re 
 dressed, no pleading was recognized. Armed legions were 
 billeted on the people to enforce the unjust legislation of 
 the mother country, as she was called, and the goddess of 
 Liberty that had led the oppressed children across the 
 trackless waste of waves to the shores of the west, seemed 
 destined to perish in the wilds of the New World, 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 The Rochelle had met with many adventures on its 
 way to the capital of North Toadia. When she was out 
 about twenty days, a Danish man-of-war crossed her path 
 and demanded her surrender, and the Irish being in no 
 position to resist, were compelled to submit. A storm 
 swept over the North Abraham Sea and almost demol 
 ished the rigging of the vessel. The Rochelle attempted 
 to escape during one night from the custody of the Danish 
 ship, but her movements were detected and she was over- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2/ 
 
 taken. Finally a Toadian fleet of several vessels hove in 
 sight, and the enemy abandoned its prey and sought 
 safety in flight, and thus the Irish fell into the hands of 
 their friends. Not knowing the mission of the Rochelle, 
 or under what flag she sailed, for the banner of Erin was 
 a mystery to the trans-arctic world, she was captured as a 
 war prize. The Toadian seamen thought that the green 
 flag represented some piratical nation from the distant 
 islands of the Moabitic Sea, and they were determined 
 to secure the booty on board. After thirty days on the 
 deep, the Rochelle was towed into Baleh Bay, where 
 Lidda could be seen in the distance. On reaching the 
 wharf, the Irish were interrogated by the authorities, and 
 having presented overtures of friendship, and given a 
 reasonable account of their sudden appearance in this 
 part of the world, they were allowed to disembark. The 
 inhabitants thronged the dock to learn something of these 
 strange visitants from the distant south, whence had wan 
 dered their ancestors to New Israel. James O Malley, the 
 best spokesman in the band, represented the company. 
 
 "We are Irishmen who were fighting for our freedom, 
 and in attempting to escape from a superior force, we have 
 drifted into this new world. We are your friends because 
 you are fighting for a cause that has drained the blood of 
 our country for six centuries ; and we are now ready to 
 join your ranks and sacrifice our lives on the altar of 
 liberty." 
 
 If angels had come down in visible forms from the 
 clouds, it would not have been more sensational than the 
 appearance of these visitants from the southern world. 
 The traditions which had grown vague and misty in the 
 lapse of ages were suddenly revived. In their escape from 
 captivity, the lost tribes wished to isolate themselves for 
 ever, and when the Arctic Ocean was formed, convulsive 
 sighs echoed through New Israel like the trumpet of doom, 
 and the wanderers from the land of Ur, regarded this as 
 a stroke of divine intervention, creating a barrier be 
 tween them and their foes. In the parliament of the 
 nations, a law was early passed forbidding any one to 
 navigate the Arctic Ocean farther than one thousand 
 miles, that knowledge of their existence might forever 
 
28 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 remain a hidden mystery to the people of southern lands. 
 Therefore, on that beautiful, balmy morning, when the 
 Rochelle was towed up the Baleh Bay, many thought that 
 the passengers were captured invaders. Others presumed 
 that they were adventurers or discoverers who had braved 
 the cold and clouds and winds and waves of the Black 
 Ocean in quest of new worlds. Again there were not a few 
 who revived the ancient traditions, now almost forgotten, 
 that a Savior would come after some thousand years, and 
 restore the tribes to the land of their ancestors, and make 
 their empire the dominant power to rule all nations. It 
 was deemed prudent not to trust the refugees with arms, 
 until more should be known of their character, and, if 
 possible, their antecedents. Hence, they were conducted 
 to the barracks adjoining the city of Lidda, where they 
 were royally entertained. Fort Bethel became the ren 
 dezvous of people of every description and disposition, 
 all anxious to see and converse with the -strange visitants. 
 The Irish told them many amusing stories about their 
 experience in the rebellion, and their pilgrimage to the 
 land of Toadia. Nothing in the Arabian Nights could be 
 more astonishing to the average American than these 
 fictions sounded to the Toadians. Darby McKeown says 
 that an Irishman must always be humbugging somebody, 
 and if he can find no one else, "it is out of himself that he 
 is taking rises." 
 
 Teddy Mahony related the story of the Irish giant. 
 "In the arly days of our counthry, there was a man be the 
 name of Fin McCoul. He was the biggest man that ever 
 lived. He could crass the Irish Say in siven stips. Wan 
 day it was very moody and as Fin was walking along, a 
 pile of mood stuck to wan of his fate, and the hole made 
 after that mood was gone, was called Lough Neigh, a 
 lough twelve miles long. Sure, ye niver had a man that 
 size in yeer counthry !" 
 
 The Toadians now began to recall the story of giants 
 recorded in their sacred books and in the memory of their 
 great men, and thought, perhaps, that. these visitors were 
 the scions of the ancient Canaanites, who had come to 
 their country as spies. A few suggested that they were 
 emissaries from the land of Dan ; but this supposition was 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 29 
 
 quickly dismissed, for the features, manners, customs and 
 speech, truly indicated their origin. It was argued by 
 the statesmen that it would not be safe to imperil the 
 country by giving arms to these refugees, or to trust them 
 with any confidence. But the Irish were as happy as 
 larks to see that they had attracted so much attention. 
 Bat McGraw kept the Toadians laughing by his eccen 
 tricities. 
 
 "I am from the Lakes of Killarney, the most famous 
 spot in the world. At the head of the upper lake is the 
 Black Valley, where the devil held his court in the days of 
 the Druids. And in this same valley is a great black 
 stone, black as an ace of spades, and this is the stone that 
 the auld boy threw at St. Patrick. The upper lake is two 
 and a half miles long and contains four hundred and thirty 
 acres, and Lough Leane covers five thousand acres. No 
 where in all the world have ye sech beautiful scenery. 
 O Sullivan s cascade, leaping down the mountain side 
 from rock to rock, is equal to the cascades of Switzer 
 land. Oh ! but you know nothing of Switzerland ! Well, 
 it is the most picturesque country in the world, but it is 
 only a bubble to Ireland. Now, I ll tell yez something 
 about the freaks of the auld lad in those quarters. One 
 fine morning in January, the divil was out early looking 
 for his gay birds, the landlords, and to warm his blood, 
 he wanted a bit of punch, but he had no vessel to stir the 
 ingredients. So in his mad spell, he takes a bite out of 
 the mountain and threw it into the water, making a little 
 island which^is called Divil s Bit Island. Thin he takes 
 the hole which was created by the evacuation and he 
 makes a punch-bowl, and this is known to this day as the 
 Divil s Punch-bowl." 
 
 Bat was followed by Jerry Sullivan, Dan Murphy and 
 Tim Daley, who kept the Toadians amused and amazed. 
 A consultation was held among the natives, and they 
 concluded to give the Irish a chance in battle, as they 
 seemed to be anxious to fight. They were consequently 
 accoutred and assigned to their regiments, divided so that 
 treason would be impossible. A few days afterwards, the 
 Danites moved down on Bekek, took that place, which 
 was without garrison, and marched on towards Tekoat. 
 
30 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 They were met by the Toadians, and a battle was im 
 minent. Jerry Sullivan was enlisted in the regiment un 
 der the command of General Asa. When Jerry saw the 
 Danites, he said : 
 
 "The dirty divils ! and they are coming" to take our 
 country ! Sure, they are only a party of ragamuffins. Two 
 hundred Irishmen, with shelalahs, would lather the life 
 out of thim lads. They are the dead-spit of them cut 
 throat English that we have been fighting over there 
 beyant the Black Ocean. If ye give us half a chance, 
 we ll be after flailing them blackguards till ye would hear 
 them crying in London." 
 
 The Danites occupied an eminence, and the Toadians 
 were necessitated to ascend a steep acclivity. General 
 Asa gave the command to lie down, that the volleys from 
 the enemies guns might pass over their heads. 
 
 "Faith, I won t thin !" said Jerry Sullivan. "I didn t 
 jine this regiment to lie down like a thieving coward, but 
 to stand up and fight like a man. Troth, Gineral, if ye 
 want to lie down, I ll say nothing about it, but an Irish 
 man will never hide his head from thim infernal scoun 
 drels." 
 
 Shamus Mulligan ran to the front, waving the green 
 flag, crying out, "Hurrah for ould Ireland!" Every son 
 of Erin started in response to the slogan, and the brave 
 refugees rushed up the steep ascent, into the very jaws of 
 death. The Toadians were inspired by their valor, and in 
 a wild, reckless, daring march, they gained the summit of 
 the hill, to the amazement of the enemy, who fled panic- 
 stricken from the field. 
 
 The most magnificent victory of the campaign was 
 won that day, with a very insignificant loss of life among 
 the Toadians, and with terrible slaughter of the Danites. 
 The news was heralded all over the country. The Irish 
 soldiers were collected into one regiment and Martin 
 Callihan was made General. This regiment mowed down 
 the invader at Tirzot, Sharon, Jehud, Askalon, Ziglog, 
 Berrl, Zablon, Zezreel and Sopan. Irishmen were se 
 lected as officers in many brigades, and they covered 
 themselves with glory in every field of action, during the 
 cruel and bloody war against the infant nation. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 3! 
 
 The government of Simeon recognized the indepen 
 dence of the country, sent a fleet to Toadian waters, dis 
 patched twenty-five thousand of the trained soldiers of 
 the kingdom to fight the Danite forces on land, and in 
 every way assisted the aspirants to liberty. Reuben ac 
 knowledged the Republic of Toadia, and sustained her 
 acknowledgement with money, men and supplies. 
 Ephraim, a little country that had been conquered, spoil- 
 ated and persecuted by Dan for three centuries, poured 
 out her columns to strengthen the Toadian battalions. 
 Noblemen from Manasseh spent their fortunes and offered 
 their lives for the freedom of the new Republic. 
 
 Those determined hosts, fighting side by side in the 
 jungles of the new world beyond the Abrahamic waves, 
 appalled the Danish lords, who never dreamed of defeat. 
 The invaders fell on the mountain crag and their blood 
 ran in the valley. Every mead and grove was conse 
 crated by the goddess of victory, and the song of freedom 
 echoed through every glade and dell, and was borne along 
 by every brook and rill. Solomon and Abel, noble sons 
 of persecuted Ephraim, poured forth their eloquence in 
 defense of Toadian rights in the Danish Parliament. The 
 trans-arctic world rejoiced in the humiliation of that 
 brutal empire which had sucked the blood of the nations 
 for a period of three hundred years. Misfortunes, re 
 verses, depressions on one side, triumph, successes, hope 
 on the other, terminated in the disaster of Asad, when the 
 Danish fleet was destroyed on sea and the Danish army 
 annihilated on land. The flag of the monarch was hum 
 bled, and the flag of liberty floated proudly from every 
 spire in the realm of Toadia. 
 
 A constitution was drafted and adopted, giving to 
 eevry citizen of the Republic the right of franchise. Each 
 State should have its autonomy. The State Legislature, 
 which enjoyed the prerogative of making the State laws, 
 should consist of a house of Representatives and a house 
 of Senators, both houses being chosen by the voters. 
 Each county and municinality had the right to make de 
 crees governing local affairs. The national government 
 consisted of two houses. The lower house was elected 
 by the popular vote, and the upper house was chosen by 
 
32 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 the voice of the State legislatures. The President of the 
 Republic was chosen by the electoral votes, there being 
 as many electors as members in both houses of the Fed 
 eral Government. Congress, or the lower house, had the 
 right to declare war and the President was commander- 
 in-chief of the army and nation. In fact, the government 
 of Toadia was in every particular the same as the United 
 States. 
 
 The Toadians were not the first inhabitants of the 
 country, but they were preceded by a race of barbarians, 
 whom they called the Scythians. These tribes, that roamed 
 over this broad country, were friendly to the colonists 
 from the land of New Israel, but the Danish spirit of con 
 quest and spoliation, and brutality, had early engendered 
 hostilities between the aborigines and the early immi 
 grants, and this spirit of avarice, inherited from the 
 mother country, as Dan was called, grew, in the de 
 scendants of the pioneers, with the roll of the decades. 
 The Scythians were pushed farther back into the wilder 
 ness ; their houses were burned, the graves of their sires 
 were desecrated, their religious instincts were outraged, 
 their warriors were massacred. The blood of the brave 
 mingled with the mountain dust, the bones of fallen 
 heroes bleached in the valleys, and the land of Toadia, 
 from the Sea of Abraham in the east to the far-away 
 cedars of Libanus in the west, became the cemetery of the 
 conquered race. Well might the vanishing people weep 
 over the loss of their happy hunting ground. 
 
 Since the establishment of the Toadian Republic, the 
 tide of immigration flowed over the western waves to that 
 land of liberty. The sons of Ephraim, especially, took 
 advantage of this asylum of peace and freedom, which 
 their brethren had consecrated with their blood. Al 
 though a very small percentage of the inhabitants were 
 of Danish origin, and this decreased every year, owing 
 to the large influx from other Israelitic nations, yet a 
 large portion of the people of Toadia generally boasted 
 of their Danish blood, and the government usually dis 
 criminated against other powers in favor of the ancient 
 foe. 
 
 The knell of thralldom had scarcely sounded on the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 33 
 
 western shores, when a spirit of unrest was felt abroad, 
 and when the goddess of freedom was decked with the 
 crown of liberty and enthroned in the national hall, a 
 revolution subverted the empire of Simeon, which threw 
 all Israel into the throes of war. Ozias, a mighty spirit, 
 had swept away solid phalanxes at Rothman, Lattrice, 
 Rama, Eher, overrun the empire of Zabulon, filled the 
 vales of Sharon with consternation, demolished the throne 
 of Prea, humbled the kings of the north, and threatened 
 to invade Dan. Simeon sought the assistance of Toadia 
 in the expedition, but the latter had already forgotten the 
 service rendered by the former in the cause of its inde 
 pendence, and refused to participate in the struggle. A 
 Danish spirit grew up in the nation which was manifested 
 in the policy of every administration. Favors were con 
 stantly shown to Dan, and contempt was expressed for 
 other kingdoms of New Israel. 
 
 Dan, by her foreign acquisitions, was fast becoming 
 the greatest power in the trans-arctic world. She had 
 colonial possessions in the east and west, north and south. 
 She was recognized as the queen of the ocean and mis 
 tress of the deep, and with a mighty standing army, she 
 banished the eagle of liberty from every land where her 
 flag was unfurled. Her purpose was to swoop down 
 upon poor, defenseless savages, and infant nations, and 
 whenever victory crowned the emblem of her dominions, 
 she massacred the natives without regard to age, sex or 
 condition. The cry of the mother, the wail of the widow 
 weeping over the loss of her children in the fury of battle, 
 the piteous pleading of orphans asking the Danish 
 myrmidons to spare their lives and their homes, every 
 voice of supplication was answered with a savage reply 
 in the roar of the musket and the glitter of steel. Her 
 pride was humbled in the successful insurrection of the 
 Toadian colonies, and she long contemplated the destruc 
 tion of the youthful Republic. 
 
 In 1810 she proclaimed her complete dominion over 
 the Sea of Abraham, and forbade the Toadian fleet to 
 cruise in its waters. This brought the two powers into 
 conflict on the deep. The Danish fleet, rejoicing: in its 
 marvelous strength, went forth in quest of the Toadian 
 
34 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 smacks, as they were sarcastically denominated, with the 
 vain boast that the flag of this presumptuous nation would 
 be torn in shreds, and the bodies of her marines would 
 feed the denizens of the briny flood. The navies met, 
 and the little fishing smacks sent broadsides into the iron 
 clad battle ships, swept away their masts, sails and rig 
 gings, pierced their mailed hulls and soon they suc 
 cumbed to the dash of the billows, and were sunk beneath 
 the sea. 
 
 In 1815 a wave of revolution swept over Central and 
 Southern Toadia. These countries, long ruled by the 
 monarchs of New Israel, inspired by the example of 
 North Toadia, asserted their independence, which was 
 recognized by the administration in Lidda. The next 
 year the President, Jechonias, delivered a message in 
 which he proclaimed that the Continent of Toadia should 
 not, in the future, be considered as territory for coloniza 
 tion by any Israelitic power, and this proclamation be 
 came celebrated as the Jechonias doctrine. 
 
 The institution of slavery had existed in Toadia from 
 the earliest period of its existence. Men of an inferior 
 race, known as Cushites, from the islands of the Chaldean 
 Sea on the south of New Israel, had been imported and 
 condemned to bondage. Although the lives of the slaves 
 were protected by law, yet the master could exact obedi 
 ence and submission by the application of the lash, and 
 perhaps there were not a few cases of cruelty. But the 
 spirit of freedom, which characterized the pioneers of 
 the land, which animated the authors of the Declaration 
 of Independence, and was voiced in the formation and 
 adoption of the Federal Constitution, which recognized 
 the equality of all men ; the spirit of freedom, which had 
 erected an empire in the wilderness, and consecrated it 
 with the blood of heroes, could not tolerate this distinc 
 tion between master and slave. The thrall had been im 
 ported chiefly by the Southern States of the Republic, and 
 they seemed to flourish in that climate. Statesmen began 
 to agitate the question of thralldom, and they were di 
 vided in their views according to their sections. In the 
 course of time, there was engendered a strong sectional 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 35 
 
 sentiment, and there were frequent allusions to secession 
 and rebellion on the part of the South. 
 
 In 1826 the clouds of war gathered in the Southern 
 skies, and the roll of thunder awakened the nation to a 
 sense of imminent peril. The Republic was dismembered ; 
 a confederacy was formed beyond the Mathan River, with 
 its capital at Meron ; the bugle call was sounded, and 
 the gallant hosts of the Sunny South, clad in bright gray 
 uniforms, armed with lance and spear and battle-ax, 
 marched forth to the music of martial strains. Dan was 
 not slow to see her opportunity. She furnished the 
 swords for the soldiers of the Confederacy, sent ships to 
 their assistance, decoyed, by floating the flag of a sup 
 posed friendly nation, and attacked and sunk vessels of 
 the Federal Government, and then pusillanimously de 
 nied her responsibility. The war was brought to a suc 
 cessful termination after three years of carnage ; the flag 
 of the Confederacy was hauled down from the walls of 
 Meron, and the national emblem floated over the ruined 
 cities of the South. The Union was preserved and 
 strengthened, the slaves were disenthralled and enfran 
 chised, and the Republic of United Toadia wandered on 
 the peaceful path of glory, rejoicing in the strength of 
 the lion and the flight of the eagle, the emblem of her 
 greatness. The Danish tiger was again disappointed, 
 for he had hoped to see the dismemberment of the govern 
 ment, the fall of the Republic, and the conquest of the 
 rival nations by the mailed legions of his realm. 
 
 The Toadian nation became more cosmopolitan as the 
 years rolled by. A strong influx of immigration from 
 all the countries of the trans-arctic world, gave the com 
 plexion of the population all the hues that were present 
 in Jerusalem on the first Christian penticost. There were 
 people from Simeon and Reuben and Ephraim and Za- 
 bolon and Manasseh and Nephthali and Cuchites from 
 the Chaldean Islands, and Scythians, and the Irish 
 refugees who came over the Black Ocean on the Rochelle. 
 The sons of Erin adopted the customs of the country, and 
 intermarried with the natives, and in the course of a few 
 decades, there were thousands of that race in the Republic 
 of Toadia. The characteristics of the Irish exiles had 
 
36 BEYONK THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 been partially lost, though their traditions were still 
 sacred. They were intensely resolute in their opposition 
 to foreign domination, and would sacrifice the last drop 
 of their blood in defense of home rule. 
 
 Intermarriage with those of Israelitic origin had re 
 sulted in a slight modification of the Celtic names. It is 
 not unusual to meet with Isaac O Flaherty, Abraham 
 O Reilly, Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Moses McGillicuddy, 
 Aaron McGinty, Ebenezer O Mulligan, Patrick Einstein, 
 Teddy Rosenheimer, Maurice Lovenhart, Larry Jonas, 
 Bat Semisheimer, Biddy Nyburgher. The descendants of 
 the Irish are, like their ancestors, fond of politics, and 
 they hold many important positions of trust. There are 
 among them, Congressmen, Senators, judges, ambassa 
 dors, cabinet officers, diplomatists, generals, admirals, and 
 some are employed on the police force. Many customs 
 of English-speaking nations had been introduced by the 
 Irish, and adopted by the natives. The monetary systems 
 of different southern countries had been considered, the 
 French frank, the Italian lire, the German mark, the 
 English pound and shillings; but the trans-arctic natives 
 were better pleased with the simplicity of the American 
 system, and, at an international convention, this system 
 was universally adopted, and our dollars have supplanted 
 the Israelitic pecuniary denominations. 
 
 Our trans-arctic acquaintances are in every respect 
 similar to the people on this part of the earth. The same 
 passions and prejudices actuate them. The same ambi 
 tions, love of wealth, glory, renown, characterize their 
 history. They differ, as we have already stated, in their 
 religious convictions, and persecutions have been inflicted 
 in the cause of truth and for the glory of the Creator. The 
 old synagogue has lost its prestige in many countries, and 
 reformations have swept it out of others. Reuben, Simeon, 
 Asher and Ephraim, still profess the Hebrew creed. Dan, 
 Zabulon and other countries have lost faith in the prom 
 ises of Abraham, and have adopted the new religion, 
 which they call the Gentile Church, in contradistinction 
 to the Israelites. The Gentile Church has changed ma 
 terially since its formation, and many sects have arisen 
 within the past four centuries. The republics of South 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 37 
 
 and Central Toadia still adhere to the Hebrew traditions, 
 but Gentilism is the dominant creed in the north. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Isaac Gilhooley was a descendant of Patrick Gilhooley, 
 who had crossed the Black Ocean in the Rochelle. His 
 grandfather had fought with distinction in the war which 
 had achieved the independence of Toadia, and again sig 
 nalized himself in the clash brought about by the preten 
 sions of Dan to the individual ownership of the Sea of 
 Abraham. His wather was an officer in the Confederate 
 army in the rebellion of 1826. The Irish fighting blood 
 rolled in the veins of Isaac Gilhooley, and his 1 belligerent 
 propensities were not altered by two generations of re 
 frigeration in the trans-arctic world, nor by the amalga 
 mation of his stock with the phlegmatic scions of Israel. 
 His mother was the only daughter of a wealthy banker, 
 Jerry Rosenthal, who resided in Engeddi, the most cul 
 tured city in the western world. Louise Rosenthal was 
 the belle of her native State, and her name was an open 
 sesame to every levee in the land. Her education received 
 the most considerate attention. She went to the best 
 schools of Toadia, and was afterwards sent abroad to min 
 gle with the leading society in the most polished cities of 
 the New Israel empires, and to study art and music in the 
 capital of Simeon. 
 
 On the ship she met Moses Gilhooley, the father of 
 our hero. Mutual admiration drew them often together, 
 and the acquaintance ripened into affection and pledges 
 of love. They traveled in the same party for several 
 months through the old world. When Louise reached 
 Rubek, she matriculated in the conservatory of music, 
 and was consigned to the custody of a noble matron who 
 had charge of the ladies department. Moses represented 
 a large firm in the city, and, of course, he had frequent 
 opportunities of visiting hisi fair dulcinea. Two years 
 
38 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 passed most happily for the enamored youths dwelling 
 alone in the realms of love, dreaming dreams of glory, 
 building crystal palaces and enshrining their affection on< 
 golden thrones. 
 
 It was now th x e end of the term and Jerry Rosenthal 
 sent his daughter a purse to procure her graduating ap 
 parel. It was the month of July, 1833. Rubek, the gayest 
 city in the world, the city of lovely parks and boulevards, 
 of limpid fountains and stately palaces, was clad in gala 
 robes. It was the anniversary of the birth of Ozias, the 
 founder of the Simeon republic. The city was filled with 
 Toadian guests, who sympathized with their sister Re 
 public, and venerated the name of the hero who had de 
 molished thrones and obliterated empires. The Conser 
 vatory of Music decided to have the exhibition exercises 
 the evening preceding the anniversary, and Jerry Rosen- 
 thai was to be present and see the triumph of his daughter. 
 
 The train reached Rubek at about six o clock in the 
 evening. Mr. Rosenthal went to a hotel for supper, and 
 immediately afterwards proceeded to the Academy of 
 Music. An immense -audience thronged the hall. . Par 
 ents proud to hear their children perform in the presence 
 of such a distinguished assemblage ; brothers anxious to 
 witness the public applause rendered to their sisters ; gay 
 young beaux holding beautiful bouquets for their af 
 fianced ; all swelled the great auditorium, and were wait 
 ing for the curtain to rise to behold the triumphs of their 
 darlings and give vent to expressions of approval. Mr. 
 Rosenthal looked for his daughter, who presently ap 
 peared, and was accorded repeated encores for her ex 
 quisite renditions. The evening was one prolonged con 
 quest for the maid of Engeddi. 
 
 When the exercises closed, the honors were awarded 
 by the director of the academy, who said in his introduc 
 tory remarks, "We have this 1 evening been regaled by the 
 most brilliant exhibition in the history of this institution, 
 and we are proud to see the interest manifested by this 
 concourse of people, who not only represent the artistic 
 genius of this realm, but the refinement of other nations. 
 Rubek has long been the home of culture. It surpasses 
 in art the fabulous traditions that have been transmitted 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 39 
 
 through the dim and distant centuries by antiquarians, 
 poets and authors of romance, respecting the glories of 
 Athens when she was the shrine of the Grecian Muse. 
 Whether these stories be true or false, or whether there 
 be in that world beyond the waves of the Black Ocean, a 
 land of buried splendor which lives only in the song of 
 the bard, is a mystery which must be solved by the scien 
 tists of the future. 
 
 "Yet, even presuming that the dreams of Homer and 
 Hesiod are realities, they" afford no themes of admiration 
 to the nations of the trans-arctic world. We have trod all 
 the paths of fame, fathomed all the depths of lore, scaled 
 all the heights of glory, opened all the treasures of art, 
 mastered all the mysteries of science. We have reached 
 the goal of civilization, and the children of unborn gen 
 erations will enshrine the memory of this age in the tem 
 ple of song. Arion has wandered from Lesbos, and built 
 his throne in the heart of Rubek. Our fountains have 
 been consecrated by the touch of Apollo s magic breath, 
 and Calliope has encircled our brow with Bernice s golden- 
 locks. 
 
 "We are glad that our sister Republic beyond the 
 waters sends her daughters to the Parnassus of Simeon, 
 to drink the hallowed stream of inspiration, and we re 
 joice that a child of far-famed Engeddi has won the medal 
 of honor in the graduating exercises of this evening. We 
 present her to-night, crowned with the halo of victory, 
 clad in nuptial wreath and bridal robes. To-day she was 
 led by a young Toadian to the altar of Hymen, where their 
 love was consecrated by the benediction of the Church. 
 We have the supreme pleasure of inviting you to extend 
 your congratulations to her gallant young husband, who 
 distinguished himself as an officer in the Southern Con 
 federacy, and we ask you to rejoice with the daughter of 
 Mr. Rosenthal, who is now Mrs. Gilhooley." 
 
 Mr. Rosenthal was astonished, nay, appalled , to hear 
 the awful tidings of a marriage between his beloved 
 daughter, and the descendant of an Irish refugee. He 
 sprang to his feet and vociferated that it was false. 
 
 "You calumniate my child ! She is not married. It is 
 impossible. She would not dare contract matrimonial af- 
 
40 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 finity with any one without my knowledge and approval." 
 
 Louise fainted, and was carried off the stage, but soon 
 recovered, then swooned again, and again revived. The 
 father rushed behind the scenes and folded his darling in 
 his arms. 
 
 "O Louise ! Louise ! have you betrayed my confidence, 
 and tarnished my name and the honor of your family, by 
 giving your hand and heart to a plebeian ? Do you not 
 know that the blood of kings flows in your veins ? You 
 can trace your ancestry back to the reign of Jeroboam, 
 and have you stained that noble lineage by condescending 
 to be the wife of a proletary? I know," the father raved 
 incoherently, "I know the young man who has robbed me 
 of my child. He is a Confederate officer, and has no more 
 idea of honor than his low-bred sire who unsheathed the 
 sword in defense of another rebellion." 
 
 "Yes," cried Gilhooley, "your daughter has pro 
 nounced the vows of everlasting fidelity to me, and I have 
 taken her under the protection of my name, a name that is 
 clothed with venerable antiquity. My maternal ancestors 
 sat on the throne of Iberia long before the lamentations 
 of the rebellious tribes echoed through the vales af As 
 syria, long before the renegade King of Israel erected 
 idols in Bethel and Dan ; long before the temple of Solo 
 mon became the pride of Judea ; long before the children 
 of Abraham journeyed to the City of David to lay their 
 vows before the altar of God and offer incense, sacrifice 
 and prayer through the meditation of the Aaronitic piest- 
 hood. My sires were the Ardrighs of Scotia and reigned in 
 Tara s hall. My forefathers fought the Dane and the Nor 
 man, and never fled from their land to shun the dangers of 
 war and the privations of captivity, like the dastardly Is 
 raelites. I married Louise because I love her better than 
 my life and soul, but I regret that she is the daughter of 
 a varlet, with exalted pretensions." 
 
 "Begone from my presence !" cried Rosenthal to 
 Louise. "To-day I disinherit you. To-day you relin 
 quish your patrician rank, and sink to the level of the 
 common herd. To-day you are banished from my home 
 and family, and henceforth, I shall obliterate your name 
 and bury your memory. If your proud, noble mother 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 4 I 
 
 could arise from the chamber of death, and see her de 
 graded child, she would sink back palsied at the sight. 
 Your brother shall become sole heir of my wealth. Be 
 gone, child of perdition, daughter of infamy, and seek con 
 solation in the embraces of this vile cad !" 
 
 Rosenthal immediately departed from the scene, re 
 turned to the hotel, and made preparations to leave for 
 Toadia. Louise was prostrated with grief. She was in 
 sanely fond of Moses, and knowing that her father would 
 never sanction her marriage with a Confederate soldier 
 whom he hated, she contracted clandestinely with the hope 
 that he would condone her transgression in the triumph 
 of her genius, grace and beauty at the Academy of Music. 
 But she had not correctly estimated the haughty disposi 
 tion of Jerry Rosenthal, who had intended his daughter to 
 adorn, with her accomplishments, the castle of a baron. 
 Moses Gilhooley was more to her, however, than home 
 and a father s love, and she endured, with patience and 
 fortitude, the curse of her sire. The young couple lived 
 in Rubek for two years, enjoying every comfort and plea 
 sure their means and the society of refined associates 
 could afford. 
 
 In October, 1834, the birth of a child crowned their 
 nuptial bliss. In honor of her maternal grandfather, 
 Louise called her son Isaac. Little did she dream when 
 she first smiled on the face of her infant that his life would 
 be a contradiction. Early the next spring Mr. and Mrs. 
 Gilhooley left Simeon for their native country, where 
 Moses was to occupy the first position in the electric light 
 company, which he had represented for the past four 
 years in the old world with distinguished ability, enhanc 
 ing, thereby, three-fold the trade and profits of the firm. 
 
 On the 2 ist of April the train- for the seashore steamed 
 out of the Oriental depot at the south side of Rubek, and 
 the son of the Irish hero of the revolution smiled in the 
 face of his darling wife, who held their cooing babe in her 
 arms. The morning was serene, not a cloud floated on the 
 purple sheen of heaven. The fields wore the verdant garb 
 of youthful Spring. Nature pulsated with new-born life. 
 The snow-clad vales and storm-swept hills of the brumal 
 
42 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 season had passed away, and the earth smiled with ra 
 diant hues. 
 
 "Nature," said Louise, "reminds us of our fortunes 
 in life s toilsome path. The fragile lilies fall beneath the 
 blighting breath of the hoar-frost and the ruthless march 
 of the north-wind. They sleep the sleep of silence, and 
 nature mourns their loss; but in the sweet zephyrs of the 
 south sea, they inhale new life and arise to gladden this 
 world with their innocent smiles. So it is with man. 
 Clouds gather on our horizon, and roll across the azure 
 depths of heaven, till no rays of sunshine tinge the tree- 
 tops, and dance on the rippling streams and move along 
 the babbling brooks. The storm bursts forth with the 
 fury of demons. The elements blaze with the flames of 
 fire, and the artillery of the heavens proclaim the ven 
 geance of the gods. The gale sweeps on with its vapory 
 columns charged with bolts of death, the shadows vanish 
 in the sky, and the king of light and glory drives his 
 golden car across the purple vault. 
 
 "Phoebus paints the orient with crimson hues, wheels 
 along through aerial zones, smiles on mountain-tops and 
 green-robed vales, and sends his shafts of golden light o er 
 waving meads and fields of yellow grain. The faint light 
 of infant morn culminates in the splendors of noontide 
 glory, and the rays of the westerning sun and the fiery 
 flood of waning day, sink into the twilight shadows, and 
 are soon lost behind the sable curtains of night. But the 
 auroral blush of maiden day sweeps along the realms of 
 shadows, and the sleeping world awakes to the realities 
 of life. The history of the human race is made up of sun 
 shine and shadow, and a throb of joy crowns every pang of 
 grief. 
 
 "When my father renounced me in the presence of that 
 cultured assembly, because I dared to give my heart to 
 the one whom I loved so dearly, I felt, for the first time, 
 the sword of sorrow piercing my young bosom. But 
 through the shadows there was a rift, and hope lay be 
 yond the golden-tinged clouds. Our love has been blessed 
 with every joy. The little arms of Isaac entwine around 
 our necks, and his prattle and smiles banish every gloom 
 and fill our souls with every bliss. You have been success- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 43 
 
 ful in your business, and when we return to our land, and 
 look upon the glittering stars, can we not say that the 
 patriarchs and prophets of Israel, enthroned amidst the 
 purple light, have guided our footsteps across the troubled 
 waves, as of old Jehovah led the chosen hosts through 
 flood and over desert wastes to the fertile plains and vine- 
 clad hills of Canaan?" 
 
 They reached the city of Ser on the western coast of 
 Simeon, and took passage on the ship Damascus, bound 
 for Deboreh, the metropolis of the New World. The 
 gangway was removed, the cables unfastened, the vessel 
 weighed anchor, and spread her sails, and a thousand 
 voices cried good-by, and a thousand handkerchiefs 
 waved, and banners floated, and sobs were loud, and 
 moaning rent the air, and tears flowed down the furrowed 
 faces of the old and the dimpled cheeks of youth, as the 
 mighty steamer cleft the surge and glided down the bay. 
 
 "Ah!" said Louise, "does this not remind you of the 
 Judgment Day, when fathers shall be separated from their 
 children, husbands from their wives, sisters from their 
 brothers?" 
 
 "Yes," said Moses. "But that day shall be ushered in 
 by the demolition of nature s laws. The earth shall heave 
 with convulsive sighs, the deep shall boil and rage, and 
 the waves shall mingle with the clouds. The sun shall be 
 darkened and the moon shall not give her light, and the 
 stars shall fall from the heavens and the powers of the 
 heavens shall be moved. Whereas now these relations 
 and friends part with the choicest blessings of nature to 
 alleviate the desolation of their hearts, and in many cases 
 with hope of meeting again before they reach the end of 
 life s toilsome journey; and, I presume, they all expect to 
 be re-united when they cross the gulf of death, and stand 
 before the jasper throne, where the God of our fathers 
 crowns His children with the diadem of immortality." 
 
 "Yes, Moses, I thoroughly understand the difference; 
 but are you not quoting from the Christian Bible when 
 you speak of the vanishing of the moon and the falling of 
 the stars?" 
 
 "These signs are substantially expressed in your 
 books. Isaias refers to thunders, earthquakes, flames, 
 
44 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 whirlwinds and tempests; and Amos calls it a day of 
 wrath, tribulation and distress; a day of calamity and 
 misery; a day of darkness and obscurity. And these 
 prophecies are contained in your version and occupy a 
 high place among your canonical works. Joel confirms 
 these vaticinations, and while it is supposed that he wrote 
 after the departure of your ancestors from Babylonian 
 captivity, or, if at an earlier period, his book has not been 
 incorporated in your canon, yet he was a prophet of Judea, 
 and is worthy of credulity. Israel and Judea were equally 
 the chosen people of God, and the voice of inspiration di 
 rected the councils of the Abrahamic race, whether offer 
 ing sacrifice in the temple of Solomon, or burning incense 
 on the altar of Bethel. The Christians who accepted the 
 teachings of the Nazarene, collected the books of Israel 
 and Judea into the ancient Testament, .which they hold, 
 contains the promises that were to "be realized in the birth 
 of the Messiah, the Redeemer, not only of your race, but 
 the Gentile nations. The disciples of the new religion 
 wrote a history of the life and teachings of their Founder, 
 under the name of the Gospels and Epistles of the New 
 Testament, and these works were brought hither by the 
 little band of Irish refugees in 1799. I learned the doctrine 
 of Christ from the lips of my father, and I look upon the 
 birth of Bethlehem s Babe as the realization of Israel s 
 dreams; and hence it is not strange that I should value the 
 New Testament as highly as the Old. In fact, the former 
 is the substance, the latter the figure. The promises were 
 made to Abraham, and they were fulfilled in Christ. The 
 Gentiles have inherited the land of your ancestors, and 
 the visions of the desert and the dreams of the ancient 
 seers, have glorified the world in the promulgation of a 
 new law, and the nations of the earth have been redeemed 
 in the blood of the Savior typified in the paschal lamb. In 
 speaking of the Israelites, I use the pronoun in the second 
 person, since my paternal ancestors belonged to the Gen 
 tile race and I am half Christian." 
 
 Louise admired the tenets of Christianity, because they 
 were permeated by the spirit of love, but she could not 
 reconcile the prophetic utterances of the Old Testament, 
 dilating on the national exaltation of Israel into a world- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACE OCEAN 45 
 
 wide power, with the total demolition of the lines of de- 
 markation between the chosen people and the Gentile 
 race, and the complete absorption of the latter by the 
 former, so as to form but one united, universal empire of 
 spirituality. 
 
 Four days had passed since they embarked, and there 
 was not a single incident to mar the pleasure of the home 
 ward voyage. Often they sat and watched the foaming 
 billows as they swelled and broke on the liquid expanse, 
 and the whales sporting in the distance, and the porpoises 
 floating on the crested waves, and phosphoric scintilla 
 tions sparkling in the nocturnal gloom that brooded over 
 the deep. They frequently recalled their first meeting on 
 the water a few years before, when they were gazing at a 
 passing ship. 
 
 "Doyou remember," said Louise, "that beautiful after 
 noon as I was leaning against the railing of the deck, and 
 you smiled so blandly and offered me the use of your 
 glass?" 
 
 "Yes," returned Moses, tenderly, "but we never 
 dreamed at that moment that our lives would be so in 
 separably interlinked in the near future. I did not think, 
 then, that I would ever see you after we disembarked." 
 
 The moon had risen, and her soft beams fell directly 
 on the path which the keel of the ship had cut through the 
 waters. Standing on the aft deck, they gazed on the broad 
 track which glittered and sparkled like a street of sapphire. 
 At a late hour they retired, and in a few minutes were lost 
 in slumber, and wandered in sweet dreams through the 
 golden palace of bliss which their youthful fancies had 
 built of future years. A heavy fog had settled over the 
 sea. The fog horn blew, and many woke at the first sound, 
 but being reassured that there was no danger, fell again 
 into refreshing sleep. The hours passed away and the 
 unconscious dreamers were as silent as the inmates of the 
 tomb. Crash! Crash! Crash! Screams echoed from 
 every cabin. Shrieks and wails were heard. 
 
 "We are lostl" cried a hundred voices. "The ship is 
 sinking! There has been a collision. Our vessel is riven. 
 She is struck amidship by the bow of another steamer. 
 
46 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 Lower the life-boats! Get the passengers on deck. Fly 
 and give the alarm!" 
 
 In less than five minutes every living person was on 
 deck, but many had been crushed by the concussion, for 
 the vessel had been cut in twain. Louise awoke with 
 alarm, and noticed her husband carrying her and her 
 sweet babe in sheets to the upper deck. A terrible strug 
 gle ensued. Men and women were fighting to get into 
 the life-boats. Weapons were savagely used, pistols were 
 fired, sailors, forgetting their duty in the hour of peril, 
 sought to save their own lives, and brained those who 
 stood in the way. Moses pushed forward with his charge. 
 The throng surged and swayed. Here one trying to get 
 into the boat fell into the water; here another was pushed 
 overboard; a third one was struck with a hatchet, a fourth 
 stabbed. Louise and Isaac were safely placed in the boat, 
 but exhausted by his superhuman effort, Moses fell back 
 into the waves, and, in the darkness of night, was seen no 
 more. 
 
 The gray dawn peered through the clouds of the ori 
 ent. The morning sun rose on the wreck. A few floating 
 planks, a few chairs here and there, were all that could be 
 seen. The steamer had sunk. Some had saved their lives, 
 but many slept to wake no more. Louise looked for her 
 husband. He could not be seen, and she supposed that he 
 had perished. She was cold, hungry and frantic with 
 grief. A young widow, with an infant child, banished 
 from the home of her parents, what would she do? Oh, 
 if the angry waves would engulf them, that she and her 
 babe might join the lost beyond the skies! 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 The third day after the wreck, Louise and her com 
 panions descried the mast of a vessel sailing toward the 
 west. In less than an hour the steamer had reached the 
 few life-boats that were seen floating within a circum- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 47 
 
 ference of many miles, but others had drifted far away and 
 could not be seen. Louise and her baby were now safe, 
 but the heart of the mother was sad and lonely. Would 
 she visit the home of her childhood, and ask her father s 
 pardon ? Would he condone her trangression, and recog 
 nize his daughter and the child of Moses Gilhooley, the 
 Confederate officer? If she were repulsed by her stern 
 sire, she resolved to seek refuge with the grandparents of 
 her babe. The ship reached Deboreh, and thousands of 
 people lined the water s edge to greet their returning 
 friends. But no face smiled on Louise, for none knew 
 her. Her coming was not heralded, and even if the in 
 formation had been imparted, she would expect to see no 
 one from her father s roof, for her name was forgotten 
 there. 
 
 She went from the dock to the depot, and took the 
 first train to Engeddi, where she arrived early in the 
 afternoon. She engaged a carriage and immediately pro 
 ceeded to her father s home. How familiar was the old 
 place ! The tall pines and cedars that adorned the lawn 
 waved their graceful branches as if in welcome, and 
 seemed to speak to her of the happy days of youth, when 
 she romped with her brother in their inviting shades. 
 Ascending the broad, stone steps, she rang the bell, and 
 waited in breathless anxiety for the response. Soon the 
 door was opened, and a servant politely inquired whom 
 she wished to see. How strange those words sounded in 
 her ears ! She did not know this servant, for many 
 changes had taken place in the domestic affairs since her 
 departure for Simeon; yet to be treated as a visitor in 
 the house where she had once reigned as a queen, was 
 more than Louise could bear. In her indignation, she 
 said: 
 
 "I wish to see my father." 
 
 "Your father?" repeated the servant, in surprise, for. 
 as she had come from a small town in the State, and had 
 been but a week in the employment of Mr. Rosenthal, 
 she did not know he had a daughter. 
 
 "Yes, my father," said Louise. "Go and tell my 
 father that Louise is here." 
 
 The domestic left the widowed mother in the hall. 
 
48 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 and announced her arrival to the lord of the mansion. 
 
 "A young woman downstairs requested me to say to 
 you that Louise wishes to see her father." 
 
 "Louise wishes to see her father! Is- it possible that 
 she returns to me, after what she has done to tarnish my 
 name?" and Mr. Rosenthal hurried downstairs to ascer 
 tain the truth of the servant s announcement. When he 
 beheld the form of his visitant in the corridor, with an 
 infant in her arms, and aproaching, looked into the care 
 worn face of his only daughter, he said : 
 
 "Well, madam, what can I do for you?" And before 
 she had time to respond, he continued : "If you are seek 
 ing employment, I will inform you that I have as many 
 domestics as my premises require, and if you are begging 
 alms, I notify you to present yourself to the charity in 
 stitutions of this city." And turning, he walked deliber 
 ately away. 
 
 Louise gave vent to her feelings in a flood of tears, 
 exclaiming, with heart-rending sobs : 
 
 "O, father ! father ! how can you ignore the presence 
 of your child ?" And seizing his arm, she cried : "Father, 
 I ask your pardon. Do not crush me with your hatred ! 
 We were shipwrecked seven days ago, and my husband 
 was lost. I have come to my home, the home of my child 
 hood, the home consecrated by a mother s love, and ask 
 you, father, not to forget the days of my infancy, the 
 years of my youth, when I was your pride and your joy. 
 If I have sinned, remember my innocence. Remember 
 my mother. Recall how she loved me, how you and she 
 built your hopes in my promising life. Father, O, father, 
 pardon my only offense, my only act of disobedience ! 
 Have pity on your widowed daughter and her fatherless 
 child !" 
 
 But the old man was inexorable. 
 
 "Ah, madam, you betrayed my confidence once ; you 
 gave me a fatal stab in the presence of that cultured as 
 semblage in the hall of the Music Academy in Rubek. I 
 returned home with a sad and broken heart. Within one 
 week after my arrival I was overwhelmed by the sudden 
 death of Benjamin, my son and heir." 
 
 "Benjamin dead !" exclaimed Louise. "O, my poor 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 49 
 
 brother! How can I endure the sorrow that has fallen 
 upon me! My husband and my only brother dead, and 
 1 banished from the home of my father !" 
 
 "Yes, banished forever! Had Benjamin lived, there 
 might have been some distant hope for you, when my in 
 fluence over him had perished in my death. Being left 
 alone in the world by the sad fate of my son, I wooed 
 and won the heart of a lovely maiden, and now my prop 
 erty shall descend into another line, and your hopes are 
 forever destroyed," and saying this he disengaged him 
 self from her grasp, opened the door and bade her good- 
 day in cold, formal, haughty tones. 
 
 " Louise descended the steps and walked slowly to the 
 carriage. As it was passing down the avenue, she heard 
 a familiar voice, and looking around, she saw Aunt 
 Martha, the old nurse who had rocked her cradle, and who 
 had been an attache of the mansion for more than a quar 
 ter of a century. Aunt Martha threw her arms around 
 the young widow, and embraced her affectionately, cry 
 ing: 
 
 "O, Miss Louise ! I m so glad to see you ! When did 
 you return ? Why are you leaving so soon ? Surely you 
 are going to stay with us ?" 
 
 "No," said Louise, sadly ; "I am disinherited by my 
 father, and he has coldly, cruelly banished me from the 
 parental hearthstone." She then related her misfortunes, 
 beginning with her marriage, which was known to Aunt 
 Martha, though the faithful domestic was not cognizant 
 of the unpleasant results of her connubial alliance. The 
 nuptials had been announced in the society papers of 
 Engeddi ; but Mr. Rosenthal had never adverted to the 
 marriage. When the old nurse heard of the shipwreck 
 and the fate of Mr. Gilhooley, she went into hysterics. 
 
 "How unfortunate ! Poor Benjamin also perished in 
 the water. One bright afternoon he went down to the 
 beach to enjoy the surf, and venturing too far, he was 
 carried away by the current and lost his life struggling 
 with the breakers. When he was brought home, Mr. 
 Rosenthal was prostrated with grief, and his friends 
 thought that he would succumb to the shock. His life 
 was in danger for two weeks, and then he began to re- 
 
$0 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 cover. In less than three months after, he was married 
 to Miss Rosaline Romeyer. People said that she married 
 him for his wealth, and indeed it seems that they were not 
 disappointed. She never enjoyed social distinction pre 
 vious to her marriage with your father, and now you 
 would imagine that she was the scion of an ancient house. 
 She assumes all the airs of the noblesse, and her arrogance 
 is almost intolerable. No doubt she has poisoned your 
 father against you, for she wishes, I am sure, to exclude 
 you from your inheritance. But, my child, do not lose 
 courage. Brighter days will dawn upon your life. You 
 have a host of friends who will extend their good wishes, 
 and welcome you to their homes. Besides, I know that 
 your father will relent in the course of time, and enthrone 
 you again in his affections." 
 
 Louise thanked Martha for her kind words, kissed her 
 good-by, and bade the coachman to drive to the Union 
 depot, where she took the first train for Meron, the home 
 of the Gilhooleys. It was early the next afternoon when 
 she reached her destination. She experienced no diffi 
 culty in ascertaining information about the residence of 
 Mrs. Patrick Gilhooley, the aged mother of the gallant 
 Confederate officer, who had won immortal glory fighting 
 for the rights of the Southern people. The sudden ap 
 pearance of Louise was a surprise to her mother-in-law, 
 for the venerable matron had read of the disaster on the 
 deep, and she had previously learned from her son that 
 he would sail on that vessel. The papers had announced 
 the list of passengers, all of whom, it stated had perished, 
 except a few that had. taken refuge in the life-boats. Mrs. 
 Gilligan had appeared, by mistake, in the columns of the 
 press, among the names of those who had been rescued, 
 and, of course, Mrs. Patrick Gilhooley, not correcting the 
 error, and failing to identify this name with her daughter- 
 in-law, concluded that the trio had been lost. It was the 
 first time that the young widow had met her husband s 
 mother, and the latter impressed Louise as the noblest 
 of women. 
 
 "My child," she said to the unfortunate girl, "this is 
 your home. Take the place of my son, and comfort my 
 declining years with your bright smiles and youthful 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 5! 
 
 voice and cheerful disposition. We will live together as 
 mother and daughter, and watch with joy the growth and 
 development of our little babe, the child of your husband 
 and my son. In this little cherub our hearts will center, 
 and our affections will wax warm with his increasing 
 years." 
 
 Louise accepted the hospitality of the noble matron, 
 and daughter and mother mingled their tears and smiles 
 in their sorrows and in their joys. Isaac gave promise 
 of being an honor to the family and no labor was spared 
 in the development of his marvelous genius. At an early 
 age, he was sent to the best schools in Meron, where he 
 distinguished himself by his mental powers and his close 
 assiduity to his studies. When fourteen summers had 
 passed over his head, Isaac was matriculated in the State 
 University, one of the best known institutions of learning 
 in the Republic of North Toadia. Within its hallowed 
 walls many of the great men of the nation had been edu 
 cated, and going forth from that sacred retreat, they be 
 came leaders in every department of lore. 
 
 Isaac won the highest honors in his studies every year, 
 and the professors predicted that he would rank with the 
 first scholars of the age. At eighteen he graduated in 
 the scientific course, and immediately adopted the pro 
 fession of law. While pursuing his legal studies, he be 
 came intensely absorbed in the economic questions of the 
 day. He had perused the histories of all nations, and* was 
 thoroughly familiar with the records of those empires, 
 whence his grandfather had migrated a. half a century 
 previously. The works of Mr. Flynn, who had crossed 
 the Black Ocean in the Rochelle in 1779, had been repub- 
 lished in the various tongues of the trans-arctic world, 
 and numerous copies were found in every city of the 
 Toadian Republic. This collection embraced, besides the 
 works of the ancient fathers of the Christian Church, the 
 works of the best historians of all nations and all ages. 
 
 Isaac Gilhooley had made a study of these valuable 
 books. Often he had wandered in fancy through those 
 dim and distant centuries, and repeopled the silent ages 
 with the grand monuments that their civilization had 
 left to perpetuate their memory. He became familiar with 
 
52 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 the buried empires that had flourished on the borders of 
 the Nile, the Euphrates and by the waves of the Persian 
 Gulf. In dreams he would visit Palmyra of the desert, 
 and meditate with Volney upon the revolutions and ruins 
 of the past. He flung out upon the desert the voice of 
 civilized man, touched those solitudes with the magic 
 wand, and saw the moss-covered ruins of the ages leap 
 forth into new creations. He saw again the thousand 
 thriving hamlets and villages, populous towns and mag 
 nificent cities, adorned with regal halls and stately pal 
 aces and majestic temples. He visited the marts and em 
 poriums of the Orient that have been forgotten in the roll 
 of ages. He studied the history of the Grecian Repub 
 lics, and the lives of the great men who made the Ionian 
 isles the sweet shrine of song. He read the origin of the 
 vast Roman Empire, and watched the flight of its eagles 
 from the cedars of Libanus to the rock-bound coast of 
 Albion. He became familiar with the glory of Carthage 
 and the conquest of her heroes. He viewed the com 
 mencement of the Mohammedan domination on the arid 
 plains of Arabia, and followed the legions of the Prophet 
 across the sandy desert, till his emblem was recognized 
 throughout western Asia. He saw the dusky warriors 
 sweeping over northern Africa like the withering, scorch 
 ing simoon, leaving naught in their wake but smoking 
 ruins and bloody streams. He followed the path of the 
 Goth over the rocks of the Pyrenees, the summit of the 
 Alps, the crags of the Apennines ; he beheld, in visions, 
 the migration of the Cimbri, the Teutons and the Huns, 
 the Scythians, the Vandals and the mighty army of tur 
 bulent barbarians that rolled down from the frozen shores 
 of the Baltic to the verdant hills laved by the crested bil 
 lows of the Mediterranean. He watched the foundation of 
 European monarchies, the fall of the throne by the shores 
 of the Tiber, where the Caesars had been crowned the 
 sovereigns of the world. He saw the establishment of 
 the Byzantine Empire on the shores of the Bosphofus, 
 and heard the tramp of the Arabian war-steeds amidst 
 the ruins of Grecian liberty, and the rise of the Ottoman 
 power in Europe and the glimmer of the Crescent on the 
 waves of the Hellespont. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 53 
 
 He, also, studied the history of the trans-arctic world, 
 and became familiar with the causes that enhanced the 
 wealth and glorified the nations of New Israel, and he 
 perceived that these causes were everywhere the same. 
 He beheld Dan, on the borders of the western ocean, lead 
 ing the countries of the North ; Reuben sending forth her 
 legions to the shores of the New World ; Simeon climbing 
 the snow-capped summits of intelligence, guiding the na 
 tions in the flight of genius ; Zabulon, Asher, Nephthali, 
 shedding glory on the triumphs of civilization. He no 
 ticed that poverty kept apace with progress, and as na 
 tions became wealthy, the masses were oppressed. He 
 had read the "Wealth of Nations," by Adam Smith, and 
 he learned from this standard author on Political Econ 
 omy that "In that original state of things, which precedes 
 both the appropriation of land and the accumulation of 
 stock, the whole produce of labor belongs to the laborer. 
 Had this state continued, the wages of labor would have 
 augmented with all these improvements in the productive 
 powers to which the division of labor gives rise. All 
 things would gradually have become cheaper. They 
 would have been produced by a smaller quantity of labor, 
 and as commodities produced by equal quantities of labor, 
 would naturally, in that state of things, be exchanged for 
 one another, they would have been produced likewise 
 with the produce of a smaller quantity." 
 
 But mankind has abandoned the simplicity of prim 
 itive life, and with that change the honesty of pristine na 
 tions has vanished. Even within the last fifty years, he 
 reasoned, our powers of production have been multiplied 
 twenty-fold, and by a natural sequence, the necessaries 
 of life, the means of subsistence, should be produced with 
 one-twentieth the labor, or the same amount of labor now 
 should be rewarded with twenty times the amount of 
 comforts that our forefathers reaped from their toil. But 
 the contrary is true. Our hours of work have not been 
 reduced, and our wages have diminished. The laborer is 
 not as comfortable as he was a generation ago, and his 
 condition compared with the progress of the nation, with 
 the earnings of capital, with the facilities of enjoyment, 
 
54 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 with the conveniences of modern life, has vastly deter 
 iorated. 
 
 It is not so much, after all, what a man receives as the 
 proportion of wealth that falls to his share. When capital 
 yields but a moderate profit, the toiler is satisfied with a 
 meager remuneration, but when he sees the money of his 
 employer doubled in two years, he is forcibly reminded 
 that the product of his wealth is appropriated by the cap 
 italist under the name of profit. This nation was never 
 so wealthy, nay, there is not a land of ancient or modern 
 times that can be compared with ours. We have all the 
 facilities of production. 
 
 Machinery has been applied to the production of 
 every commodity, and the genius of invention is rapidly 
 supplanting the necessity of manual labor. To-day one 
 man can spin as much cotton as eleven hundred men 1 
 could accomplish a century ago. One weaver cani now 
 supply the place of fifty in weaving. In making horse 
 shoes, the power of machinery compared with hand 
 labor is in the ratio of five hundred to one. In the pro 
 duction of nails, the ratio is one thousand to one. In 
 shipping, one man can perform the work of two thousand 
 men; eighty-five per cent of hand labor has been dis 
 placed in the manufacture of watches. In 1845 there were 
 three millions of tons of coal mined by machinery, and in 
 1850 the amount had increased to thirteen millions, and 
 this line of industry one man can accomplish with ma 
 chinery the work of ten men without machinery. A boy 
 can make as many tin cans with a machine as 1 eighty-four 
 men with hand labor. Ninety-six per cent, of employes 
 have lost their positions in the manufacture of musical 
 instruments. There were employed, in the year 1845, 
 four million, two hundred and fifty thousand, nine hun 
 dred and eighty-three men, women and children in the 
 three hundred and fifty-five thousand, four hundred and 
 ten establishments in this country, and they produced 
 eight billion, two hundred and fifty million dollars of 
 wealth, and they received in compensation for their labor 
 one billion, six hundred and fifty million dollars, or twenty 
 per cent. It is estimated that their portion of the natural 
 production has fallen to seventeen per cent within the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 55 
 
 past two years. Yet, within the last twenty-five years, 
 multi-millionaires have sprung up in every quarter of the 
 Republic. To-day there are four thousand families who 
 own twenty billion dollars of wealth, and twenty-five thou 
 sand persons own more than half of our national wealth. 
 And is it not strange that the producers 1 of wealth are in 
 a worse condition than they were twenty-five years ago ? 
 
 These thoughts occupied the mind of Isaac Gilhooley 
 day and night, and, prompted by a sense of justice, he ex 
 pressed his views in a letter to the press, in which he con<- 
 demned the avarice and inhumanity of the capitalists. 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 On the I4th of November, 1854, the following com 
 munication appeared in the Weekly Ledger, published in 
 Meron, a very large paper that had a wide circulation 
 among all classes of readers throughout the nation: 
 
 "Editor Ledger For some time I have been making a 
 study of the labor problem, and I decided to give publicity 
 to my views through the columns of your excellent paper, 
 with the hope of making proselytes to the standard of 
 truth. The object of civilization is to give men greater 
 facilities of education, the advantages of the refinement 
 of social life, more domestic comforts, to elevate their 
 physical, mental and moral status. If civilization does not 
 accomplish these purposes, it is a failure, and our retro 
 gression to barbarous life will not be mourned by future 
 ages. But has the progress of the centuries achieved these 
 ends? Do we, in the glorious triumphs of the nineteenth 
 century, enjoy more advantages than our fathers who 
 lived the simple pastoral life in the distant realms of the 
 Arabian desert, or in the fertile plains and olive groves 
 and rich vineyards of Israel? 
 
 It is true that the prophets did not realize the advan 
 tages of steam and electricity. The railway carriages were 
 not seen passing over the mountains of Benjamin, gliding 
 
56 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 along awful precipices, bounding through tunnels, cross 
 ing verdant valleys, spanning deep chasms. They had 
 none of the conveniences that enhance the comforts of 
 modern life. But were they not more happy, more con 
 tented, having better food and clothes than the millions 
 of poor in our broad and glorious country? And if we 
 follow the stream of time down through the long ages, 
 we observe that as nations advance in civilization, distinct 
 classes emerge on the theater of national life, and while 
 wealth flows into the coffers of one, poverty invades the 
 home of the other. 
 
 The line of demarkation becomes more distinct with 
 every improvement in the productive facilities of the na 
 tions. The genius of invention was intended for the bene 
 fit of mankind, and, especially, to lighten the burdens of 
 the toilers, and give them the opportunities of developing 
 their mental faculties, and elevating their .moral instincts 
 by utilizing the advantages of educational facilities, and 
 coming in contact with refined associations. But these 
 productions of human creation have been employed for 
 the promotion of the few and the degradation of the many. 
 Our economic system is established on a false presump 
 tion and its consequences have been, not only deleterious, 
 but most disastrous to the world s producers of wealth. 
 Let us examine the cause of these social ills without preju 
 dices and predilections, and we will open our investiga 
 tions with a few definitions. 
 
 Wealth consists of all those things which have been 
 modified in any way by human labor so as to render them 
 capable of satisfying human desires. The land is not 
 wealth, because land in itself does not satisfy human de 
 sires. In vain would you plead with the verdant hills and 
 smiling meads to transform their growth into lager beer 
 and sauerkraut. In vain would you appeal to the mighty 
 forests and umbrageous groves to transmute their wealth 
 into cheese and macaroni. We say that Toadia is more 
 wealthy to-day than she was when the Rochelle steamed 
 up the placid bosom of the Baleh Bay, and by that state 
 ment we do not intend to convey the idea that she has 
 more land, more natural resources, that her hills are 
 higher and her mountains more majestic, that her groves 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 57 
 
 are greener, that her streams are longer and her seas are 
 grander; but that her natural resources have been con 
 verted into food, clothing, railways, steamboats, resi 
 dences, factories, villages and cities. 
 
 The factors of wealth are land and labor, as labor ap 
 plied to the land produces all wealth. But they say, what 
 about capital? I cannot consider capital a factor of 
 wealth, for it is not a positive agency, but merely an in 
 strument in the hand of labor. Capital is stored-up la 
 bor, and therefore is nothing more than the product of 
 labor. Labor is the agency which transforms the rude 
 materials of nature into articles of food, clothing and do 
 mestic and public comfort, and all the wealth in the world 
 is the product of toil. If every laborer on the earth would 
 die to-night, what would be the fate of the capitalists? 
 They would perish in less than ten days. But should all 
 the capitalists expire this moment, what would be the 
 condition of the laborers? They would not only survive, 
 but would grow wealthy in being permitted to appropriate 
 the entire product of their labor without a master to claim 
 eighty-three per cent for the privilege of enjoying the 
 remainder of seventeen per cent. 
 
 The political economists of this, and every other coun 
 try, have magnified the importance of capital. They claim 
 that the wages of labor is drawn from capital, which is 
 false. The acceptance of this principle leads to the con 
 clusion that the rate of wages is the ratio between the 
 number of laborers seeking employment and the amount 
 of capital expended, and this is the foundation of all those 
 miseries which accompany the march of civilization. 
 
 If the manufacturer can afford to spend two thousand 
 dollars daily in labor, and his establishment requires the 
 services of one thousand men, and only that number seeks 
 employment, each operative will receive two dollars per 
 day. The next year one of the men invents a machine, 
 by use of which fifty employes can do the work of the 
 one thousand men. Let us suppose that the inventor gets 
 the benefit of his genius, which is rarely ever the case; 
 then this individual enters into a new field, and leaves the 
 nine hundred and ninety-nine to compete for the fifty 
 positions. This competition gives the proprietor abso- 
 
58 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 lute dominion over his employes, and those who are re 
 tained are compelled to work for starvation wages, while 
 the discharged are reduced to mendicancy. If they seek 
 employment in other fields, they find the machine in op 
 eration there, and twenty men competing for the same 
 position. They cannot resort to other trades, for we must 
 presume that the power of machinery has forestalled 
 them. 
 
 Besides, having spent the best years of their lives, and 
 concentrated the wealth of their genius in mastering one 
 line of business, they are unfit for other work, or, at least, 
 are incapacitated to give the satisfaction required, and 
 they are turned away to yield place to more efficient 
 workmanship. They cannot expect to find work in con 
 structing machinery, for if the same amount of labor 
 saved by the application of machinery were utilized in the 
 construction of machinery, then the employment of ma 
 chinery would not redound to the advantage of the manu 
 facturer. 
 
 The division of labor increases its capacity and dimin 
 ishes the demand. Adam Smith says that one man can 
 scarcely make twelve pins a day, whereas ten men, each 
 working at a single operation, can produce forty-eight 
 thousand pins a day, which would be four thousand eight 
 hundred per person. The ability of each operative is in 
 creased live hundred fold, or each is now able to do the 
 work of five hundred men. This is simply one illustra 
 tion taken from hundreds. 
 
 Both machinery and the formation of trusts, according 
 to our present system, are mighty agencies in the en 
 slavement of laborers. The result of this competition is 
 the reduction of wages to the lowest possible point upon 
 which laborers can live and reproduce. Capital has been 
 exalted above labor, and the latter has been made a com 
 modity which we buy in the market at the lowest figure. 
 In hiring the laborer, the capitalist never considers how 
 much wealth the former creates, but how cheaply he can 
 be hired. In Nichan, one of the most ancient countries of 
 the trans-arctic world, where the competitive system has 
 produced its ultimate results, laborers live on rats, and 
 dogs are considered a great delicacy among the lower 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 59 
 
 classes. I predict that within fifty years from to-day the 
 same conditions will exist in Toadia. In the dark and 
 dismal days that shall mark the close of this century, the 
 poor man s wife will go to the butcher s shop in the morn 
 ing, and ask for cat steak and skunk cutlets. 
 
 Since the beginning of January, 1850, three hundred 
 trusts have been formed in this country. One hundred 
 and fifty thousand traveling agents have lost their posi 
 tions ; nearly one billion dollars in advertising have been 
 saved by the corporations ; fifty thousand men have been 
 discharged by the railroads. And this mighty army of 
 employes is thrown on the market, if the expression is 
 legitimate, and competition is waxing fierce. Young lady 
 clerks are working for three dollars per week, and are 
 merely tolerated at that price. The department stores 
 have driven seven hundred thousand small business 
 houses from the field. The battalions are swelling day 
 by day, wages is sinking, the necessaries of life are in 
 creasing, hunger stalks through the land, the storm is 
 brewing, clouds are rising in the western horizon, the roll 
 of thunder echoes through the mountain dells, lightning 
 flames are blazing in the skies, and the nation is already in 
 the throes of a dreadful revolution, a political tempest, a 
 social hurricane, that shall leave desolation in its wake, 
 and drench the land in blood. 
 
 The wages of labor is the product of labor. In the 
 primitive state of society, before the formation of indus 
 trial corporations, and the creation of a monetary system, 
 every man obtained his subsistence from the product of 
 his toil. The hunter roamed the forest, armed with his 
 bow and quiver, pierced the heart of the bounding stag, 
 and brought the slaughtered animal home. This was the 
 product of his labor, and it was his wages. Now the di 
 vision of labor, which gives rise to different pursuits, does 
 not alter this principle. If one man picked berries, an 
 other fished, a third cultivated a few acres of corn, a fourth 
 pursued the occupation of an archer and lived on wild 
 beasts, a fifth raised fowl, and they exchanged their ar 
 ticles, the case would remain unchanged. The hunter 
 gives his deer for a few bushels of corn, the farmer trans- 
 
60 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 fers the produce of his toil to the fisherman, and receives 
 an equivalent in another form. 
 
 Ten men depend on the finny tribe .for their subsist 
 ence. One remains at home and makes boats and oars for 
 the nine who go out on the deep, and he receives, in ex 
 change for his boats and oars, a quantity of fish. The 
 one who furnishes the material for fishing is engaged in 
 that industry as much as the men who battle with the 
 waves. 
 
 Let us apply this principle to our highly civilized state 
 of society. A stove manufacturer engages a hundred 
 men in his establishment, and he pays each ten dollars 
 a week. Their combined efforts produce two thousand 
 stoves per week. The work expended on these stoves 
 represents the wages of the operatives. Hence when the 
 employes receive their compensation on Saturday night, 
 they have already enhanced the wealth of the manufac 
 turer, and have contributed to the world s store of wealth 
 many times the sum which they draw in payment for their 
 week s salary. The proprietor, therefore, does not ad 
 vance the wages of the men, when he gives them their 
 compensation, but he simply converts the wealth they 
 have created into another form, and the money they re 
 ceive is merely a draft on the world s stock of wealth. 
 
 Capital assists labor in the production of wealth, but 
 does not support labor. If we had no capital in machin 
 ery, labor would be compelled to make these improve 
 ments before it could operate with the same facility. 
 Money is merely a medium of exchange, and is not a fac 
 tor of wealth, and therefore should not be entitled to any 
 merit beyond the functions which it performs. Money 
 should not breed money. Money is unproductive and in 
 terest is usury. 
 
 If there were no money, and the operatives received 
 their wages in stoves, they would be necessitated to seek 
 some one who would be willing to accept their articles- 
 in exchange for bread, meat and clothes. Since money 
 represents the products of labor, such as shoes, coats, 
 hats, it is nothing more than accumulated labor, and 
 hence the function of money is to assist the laborer in the 
 production of more wealth by facilitating the conversion 
 
BEROND THE BLACK OCEAN. 6l 
 
 of the articles created by .his labor into other articles 
 which his daily wants require. 
 
 Labor is the only title to property. An object belongs 
 to me in virtue of the fact that I have spent my energies in 
 its creation. But labor requires material for the exercise 
 of its powers, and these materials are begotten in the 
 womb of nature. The materials essential in the suste 
 nance of human life come from the land. By the land I 
 designate the entire earth, with its myriad forms of life, 
 whether swimming in the boundless realm of waves, 
 or floating in the purple sheen above, or creeping in the 
 mire, or roaming through the forest glades ; for every liv 
 ing organic creature, aquatic, aerial or terrestrial, draws 
 its existence from the earth, and therefore it is a product 
 of the land. Sugar-cane and cotton, wheat and corn, fish 
 and fowl, the clothes that we wear and the food that sus 
 tains our lives, the stones in our factories and the bricks 
 in our houses, the wood in our carriages and the iron in 
 our railways, all come from land ; but it requires labor to 
 bring them forth from their original mod-e of existence, 
 and form them for their special purpose. 
 
 It is true that, in the production of the materials util 
 ized in perpetuating human existence, and increasing the 
 comforts of life, light and water are essential, but these are 
 included in land, inasmuch as the earth receives all these 
 agencies. It requires labor to cultivate the soil and de 
 velop its latent energies. Nature produces the means, 
 contains the power, but it requires the exercise of labor 
 to call forth the hidden treasures and embryonic possi 
 bilities. 
 
 Nature makes no distinction between her children. 
 She does not create rich or poor, lords or slaves. All are 
 equal before her. It is true that some are endowed with 
 greater mental capacity, more muscular power, more 
 courage and fortitude than others, yet in the struggle for 
 existence she shows no favors. All have the same right to 
 the gifts which she bestows. She smiles upon the cabin 
 as blandly as upon the castle, and she frowns upon the 
 king as well as upon the peasant. The wind fills the sail 
 of the fishing smack as well as the merchantman that car 
 ries cargoes of provisions over thousands of leagues of 
 
62 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 foamy waves. The sun shines as benignly upon the gar 
 den of the cottager as the demense of the Danish lord. 
 The dews of night and the clouds of heaven refresh the 
 fields of the poor and the rich without distinction. The 
 treasures of nature are open to all who court and win her 
 favors by the application of toil. 
 
 What constitutes the rightful basis of property ? Does 
 not the right of property originate in the fact that it has 
 been created by labor, in the fact that every man is enti 
 tled to the use of his faculties, his powers, and to whatever 
 those faculties and powers produce? What enables me to 
 say that this house is mine? Because I have made it or 
 purchased it from some other person who made it, and 
 transferred his right to me. We may trace the article 
 back through a hundred owners, and finally we reach the 
 original maker. "There can be no ownership of any 
 thing, no rightful title, which is not derived from the title 
 of the producer, and does not rest in the natural right of 
 a man to himself." 
 
 Now this right of ownership, based on labor, excludes 
 every other title. For if I am entitled to myself, and can 
 exercise my power of production, it essentially follows 
 that I must have material on which to expend my ener 
 gies. Now land, which is not produced by labor, cannot 
 be subject to private ownership. Private ownership in 
 land would violate natural justice, for it deprives the la 
 borer of the opportunities of exerting his powers, and 
 hence robs him of the ownership of his person. For if 
 he cannot exercise his energies without permission, he is 
 subject to the will of others, and is a slave. The landlord 
 can compel those who own no land to give a part of the 
 fruit produced by their toil as a compensation for the 
 privilege of exercising their powers ; and, hence, the right 
 to property not created by labor is an infringement on the 
 right to property created by labor. 
 
 Every man born into the world has a right to life. The 
 babe of the monarch and the subject, the child of the 
 gilded palace and the miserable hovel, are equal in their 
 claim to the right to life. But land is necessary for the 
 exercise of this right, and hence no one can be deprived 
 of the use of land. The private ownership of land would 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 63 
 
 place the lives of the toiling millions in the power of the 
 landlords. If any man could control the light of the sun, 
 the existence of the human race would be at his mercy ; if 
 any man could direct the circulation of the air, he would 
 be in a position to dispense that element at a penny a 
 breath ; if any man held the streams and seas and lakes 
 and bays at his command, he could famish the earth and 
 destroy the commerce of the world ; and if any man owned 
 the earth, he could drive every living creature into the 
 briny flood. 
 
 Place the land at the disposal of the individual, and 
 you clothe him with absolute power over the lives and ac 
 tions of his fellow-beings. He can compel them to crouch 
 as slaves at the foot of his throne, and toil under the stroke 
 of the lash. If I own a farm of land, I have complete do 
 minion over it, and can dispose of it according to my 
 pleasure. I can exclude others from the use of it, and let 
 it lie fallow while millions cry for bread. If I have not 
 this right, then my ownership is not complete, and 
 amounts to nothing more than possession. If I owned 
 the entire earth, I would violate no law in forcing the rest 
 of mankind to vacate my dominions. - 
 
 Nature has given to all the sons of Adam the use of 
 the earth, and has assiduously guarded the rights of un 
 born generations by prohibiting private property in land ; 
 and God has sanctioned the decrees of nature, for He has 
 given no individual a title to land. 
 
 When this government shall recognize the voice of 
 nature, which cries out against the degrading poverty 
 which haunts the footsteps of the wealth-producers, while 
 the capitalist revels in luxuries ; when the laws 1 of our 
 country shall do justice to every child born, beneath the 
 smile of our sun and the glitter of our stars, then the pang 
 of hunger will no longer distort the faces of little babes, 
 and fill their hearts with gloom. No longer will the 
 mother, by the glimmering firelight in the chill wintry eve, 
 with the howl of the north wind sweeping through her 
 wretched hovel, wailing in harmony with the desolation 
 of her soul, weep over the lifeless form of her darling child 
 who perished for lack of clothing. No longer will the 
 gamins wander about in tatters, begging for a morsel of 
 
64 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 bread. No longer will the rosy-cheeked maiden sacrifice 
 her virtue at the unhallowed shrine of lust; no longer 
 will strong men grow wan and faint in the struggle for 
 existence; no longer will haggard, careworn women fall 
 and die on the roadside ; no longer will the red hand of 
 murder tarnish the brow of justice, and the curse of crim 
 inals shriek through our dungeon cells. 
 
 O ye men of power ; ye legislators entrusted with the 
 weal of the nations ; ye hypocrites who swallow a camel 
 and strain at a gnat ; ye pharisees who are scrupulously 
 exact about the exterior of the vessel, but are blind to its 
 interior condition; ye hypocrites who are like whited 
 sepulchres, who are covered with the blood of little babes, 
 who have murdered the poor, the innocent and the de 
 fenseless ; ye brood of vipers who poison the nation with 
 your venomous stings, who drink the life current of thou 
 sands every year, who are reveling in luxury and vice 
 while the poor are begging for justice ah ! it will be 
 more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of 
 judgment than for you. The long-lost inhabitants of 
 Tyre and Sidon will appear as shining angels in your pres 
 ence. 
 
 Rise up at once ! Recognize the claims of your per 
 secuted brethren ; acknowledge your iniquities ; purge 
 yourselves by doing justice to the poor and the forsaken 
 and the oppressed ; wipe away the tears of sorrow from 
 the eyes of orphans, and heal the wounds you have made 
 in the hearts of widows. Unless you rectify these awful 
 wrongs which you have perpetrated, the passions of your 
 victims, goaded to fury by their miseries, will sweep over 
 the land like a desolating cyclone. 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 This letter created a profound sensation in the aristo 
 cratic suburbs of Meron the morning of its appearance in 
 the Ledger, and within a few days every plutocratic jour 
 nal in the country was commenting on the temerity of the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 65 
 
 youthful author, and denouncing his doctrine as anar 
 chistic. The following rejoinder, written by Aaron Nich 
 olson, an Israelitic rabbi of Vestonlag, was published in 
 the Standard : 
 
 Editor of Standard : I noticed in the columns of the 
 Ledger, of your city, a contribution from the pen of Mr. 
 Isaac Gilhooley, a young law student in your State Uni 
 versity, in which the writer attacks the foundation of our 
 social fabric by teaching communism, which is- an eu 
 phemism for anarchy. God has made man a social being 
 and in virtue of that innate desire, man seeks the society of 
 his fellow-man. Since self-interest and dependence draw 
 men together, government is essential for the preserva 
 tion of order, for the restraining of the evil proclivities 
 of lawless characters, for the prevention of crime and the 
 promotion of the common weal. Hence, the power of 
 making laws for the protection of property has been given 
 to mankind by the Ruler of the universe. Now, if men 
 agree to grant individuals the right to possess land, then 
 that right is just and sacred. It is society exercising its 
 God-given right of legislation. As Mr. Gilhooley says, 
 man has a right to dispose of his labor, and he has conse 
 quently the right of converting the product of his labor 
 into land, which is the only substantial property. 
 
 If we did not have a right to own land, then we 
 could not call any place our home, we would be tenants 
 of the government. If land is common property, then 
 every man can claim the whole earth. Now, if every man 
 can claim the whole earth, he might have reason to grum 
 ble if any other man took a part of his possession. The 
 question arises who is to Own this field and who is to own 
 that field. This mode of partitioning the land would en 
 gender endless disputes, for no one would really know 
 what he owned. 
 
 "Besides, Mr. Gilhooley presumes everybody lives on 
 the land, which is a false hypothesis. While the farmer 
 tills the soil, he needs some one to make his plows, some 
 one to make his shoes, some one to grind his wheat, some 
 one to bake his bread, officials to protect his property. 
 Now all these people do not live directly on the land. 
 
 "Again, Mr. Gilhooley presumes that every man 
 
66 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 should have exactly the same amount of land, and this is 
 a false supposition. All men do not require the same 
 amount of land. The farmer needs several hundred acres, 
 the ranchman several thousand, whereas the blacksmith 
 requires but a few feet for his shop. 
 
 "Mr. Gilhooley rants a great deal about the equality 
 of mankind. He claims that all are entitled to equal op 
 portunities of existence. All men are not equal. Some 
 are large and others are small. Some are geniuses and 
 others are fools. The writer also presumes that labor is 
 the sole factor in the creation of wealth. This is likewise 
 a mistake. The sun s rays are essential, also air and water, 
 He indulges in silly, stupid twaddle about the rights of 
 unborn generations. The unborn generation is not yet in 
 existence, and that which does not exist can not have any 
 rights. 
 
 "Ostensibly the soi-disant savant wishes God to come 
 down from the skies and legalize our land titles, as He de 
 livered the Decalogue on Mt. Sinai. Mr. Gilhooley can 
 exercise the right of thought, and yet he never received 
 permission from God for that purpose. Our laws are just, 
 and every one enjoys equal advantages, and the distinc 
 tion between classes originates in the natural disparities 
 of men. Mr. Gilhooley should study logic and moral 
 philosophy, and he would not venture to father such opin 
 ions as he advanced in the Ledger. 
 
 "Yours truly, 
 
 "Aaron Nicholson." 
 
 When the first communication from the pen of Isaac 
 appeared in the press, many of the wealthy men of Meroru 
 and the opulent patrons of the University, notified the 
 rector that they would withdraw their support from the 
 institution if the students were permitted to* advance ideas 
 that would revolutionize society, and, perhaps, demolish 
 the government. The rector had, on receipt of these 
 peremptory communications, notified Isaac Gilhooley that 
 he must withhold his views on the land question from the 
 public press. But our young hero was not to be daunted 
 by the arbitrary voice of plutocracy, and he informed the 
 rector that he was a Toadian citizen, and would not frame 
 his thoughts and language in the mould of other men, nor 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 67 
 
 would he acquiesce to the caprice of any enthroned auto 
 crat. The rector informed the young man that a repeti 
 tion of such misdemeanors would be punished by imme 
 diate expulsion from the institution. 
 
 On the fifth of December the Ledger attracted the 
 eyes of all its readers by the prominent caption, "The 
 Politician and the Rabbi Meet on the Bloody Arena. The 
 Rod of Aaron Is Devoured by the Serpents of the Egyp 
 tian Magician. The Israelite Has Fallen by the Sword 
 of the Philistine." 
 
 "Editor of Ledger : I observed, in last week s issue 
 of the Standard, a paper from Aaron Nicholson, a Rabbi 
 of Vestonlag, in which the reverend gentleman attacks 
 my position on the injustice of land ownership. How 
 ever, I regret for the honor of the ministry and the repu 
 tation it has acquired for learning, that Mr. Nicholson has 
 rendered himself ridiculous in the minds of intelligent 
 people. In the first place his cause is indefensible, and 
 the most profound erudition could not rescue him from 
 humiliating failure ; but the superficial Rabbi has en 
 hanced the difficulties and objections that confront his 
 side of the question, by absolute ignorance of the subject 
 he attempts to manipulate, and his total misconception of 
 my communication. His letter to the Standard is distin 
 guished for its vain and unsophisticated assertions. I do 
 my adversary no injustice when I characterize his article 
 as the triumph of banality and puerility. 
 
 "It is true that God has given man the right to make 
 laws for the preservation of society, but I fail to see that 
 this purpose is accomplished by disinheriting the human 
 race of its birthright, and jeopardizing millions of lives- by 
 placing them at the mercy of a venal, luxurious, atheistic, 
 conscienceless Mammon. Did not God forbid stealing? 
 And when society legislates in favor of private ownership 
 of land, this is legalizing a theft of the gravest nature. 
 God gave every man a right to life, and society, by passing 
 enactments to secure the right of landlords, deprives man 
 of the right to his life, and places the right to life in the 
 power of the landlord alone. 
 
 "God gave man ownership over his person, the facul 
 ties of his mind and body. This personal right cannot 
 
68 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 be exercised without land, for how can a man expend his 
 energies, unless there be some object to receive those en 
 ergies ? Threfore, in defending the right to land owner 
 ship, society gives the landlord the right to dispose of the 
 powers and persons of other men. Far back in the dim 
 and distant centuries God spoke to the bridal pair as they 
 roved along the crystal streams and through the shady 
 groves of Eden, saying unto them : Increase and mul 
 tiply and fill the earth and subdue it, and rule over the 
 fishes of the sea and the fowls of the air and all living 
 creatures that move upon the earth. And God said : Be 
 hold I have given you every herb bearing seed upon the 
 earth, and all the trees that have in themselves seed of 
 their own kind, to be your meat. And to all the beasts 
 of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to all that 
 move upon the earth, and wherein there is life that they 
 may have to feed upon. (Gen., i Ch.) 
 
 This is sufficient evidence to show that God gave the 
 earth and all its fruits to mankind at large, and that all 
 generations were included in that grant. In reference to 
 Mr. Nicholson s insipid attempt to display philosophical 
 erudition, by stating that the unborn generation is not yet 
 in existence, and therefore can have no right, I wish to 
 inform my pretentious critic that one generation merges 
 into another, and the continuity is unbroken, and it does 
 not require any profundity of logical acumen or meta 
 physical lore to discern that this is necessary for the per 
 petuation of the human race. The rights of the unborn 
 generations were reserved in the divine grant, just as a 
 father leaves an estate entail to the heirs of his 1 son. When 
 these heirs are born, they immediately acquire their right. 
 Adam and Eve were to enjoy the fruit of the earth during 
 their life-time, and each generation was entitled to the 
 same privilege, but had no right to dispose of the sub 
 stance. 
 
 "Blackstone, referring to the first chapter of Genesis, 
 writes : This is the only true and solid foundation of man s 
 dominion over external things, whatever airy, metaphysi 
 cal notions may have been started by fanciful writers on 
 the subject. The earth, therefore, and all things therein, 
 are the general property of mankind (Com. Eng. Law, 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 69 
 
 Book 2nd, p. 208). Since this is the foundation of land 
 titles, and since the land was given to all mankind and to 
 all generations, then the title extended to the usufruct, 
 and not to the substance. If it referred to the substance, 
 then one generation could alienate its dominions, and the 
 next generation would be born without any right to the 
 usufruct of the land, which is contrary to the Genesiac 
 phraseology. 
 
 "Men have a right to relinquish their personal claims, 
 but they have no right to sell the claims of another gener 
 ation. Since their personal right of using land cannot 
 be abdicated without destroying the rights of the next 
 generation, the right of the present generation to the use 
 of land cannot be abandoned. Now that original title 
 wherein all men are to have equal access to the fruits of 
 the earth, remains until abolished by another positive de 
 cree ; and since there is no divine decree altering the orig 
 inal law, the title is still extant. This should be plain 
 enough for Rabbi Nicholson, whose office is to read and 
 expound the law of God contained in the Ancient Tes 
 tament. Every man can exercise his natural rights (as 
 long as they do not conflict with the natural rights of 
 others) until he is restricted by divine law. By natural 
 law all men own the earth, and this has been confirmed by 
 divine law, and therefore he who would, in violation of 
 this dual enactment, appropriate land and exercise own 
 ership in same, should be compelled to substantiate his 
 claims, by showing that the author of these two laws had 
 suspended their operation in his case. 
 
 "By natural law I can use my faculties, and this has 
 not been annulled by divine positive law, and therefore it 
 is not necessary, as in the former case, that God should 
 sanction my right by a special commission. The parity 
 which the clerical charlatan attempted to establish in these 
 two cases, is like all his logic, philosophy and political 
 economy, the mirage of a mental desert, the ignis fatuus 
 of a befogged intellect. 
 
 "The difficulties of common ownership could be ob 
 viated by placing a tax, equal to its full rental, on land 
 values, and those who are willing to pay the tax for a 
 larger area would be entitled to the use of a larger area. 
 
70 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 This tax would be more than sufficient to defray all the 
 expenses of government, and, therefore, improvements, 
 which are the product of labor, would be exempt from 
 taxation. This would be the most just tax because it is 
 imposed on the gifts of nature and removed from labor s 
 products. If some use the land, a right which all possess 
 equally, then they should pay for the enjoyment of that 
 privilege. By a tax on land, the community receives a 
 compensation for the use of a gift which God has created 
 for the benefit of all. 
 
 "We now must consider the factors in the creation of 
 land values. Four hundred years ago I could have pur 
 chased this county for one dollar, and to-day the same 
 land is worth many millions. At that distant period civili 
 zation had not penetrated the wilderness of the west ; the 
 bush house rested on Mt. Gilead and Snowy Peak, the 
 dusky warrior roamed along the plains of Gideon and 
 feared not the pale-faced intruder from the shores of the 
 Hager and the Goshon. Since then the aborigines have 
 wandered beyond the desert of Gaza, the Caucasian has 
 followed the footsteps of the conquered race, and the en 
 terprising city of Meron has risen above the ruins of the 
 Scythian village. What has created the present value of 
 real estate in the Maiden City? Labor which felled the 
 oak and the sycamore and the beech, cleared away the 
 forests, built streets, houses, mills, factories and railroads. 
 
 "In a little village on our western frontier, real estate 
 is very cheap, because there are no transportation facili 
 ties, no industries, a very inferior school, and the small 
 stores which the patronage of the place supports cannot 
 afford to carry expensive materials, and the wealthier in 
 habitants are compelled to visit distant cities to procure 
 the costly articles that satisfy their tastes. There are no 
 inducement to homeseekers, because people prefer to 
 pay a much higher price for lots in a location where they 
 can enjoy every domestic comfort and every commercial 
 advantage. A few enterprising capitalists establish fac 
 tories, build a railroad through the hamlet, open up com 
 munication with other cities ; people come in vast numbers 
 to seek locations ; there is an enormous demand for lots, 
 and real estate is enhanced ten-fold its former value. Who 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 71 
 
 should bear the burdens of supporting the government? 
 The men who created the value in the land by their im 
 provements, or the men who did nothing for the advance 
 ment of the city, but who are now enjoying, in the in 
 creased land values, the sole benefit of the progress made 
 by the thrift, energy, labor and wealth of others ? 
 
 "Would it not be a stimulant to labor to lighten its 
 burden, to exempt the product of toil from taxation? 
 Would not labor expend its resources in creating more 
 wealth ? Would not improvements multiply rapidly if all 
 restrictions in the nature of taxation were removed? 
 Levy a tax on dogs and there will be fewer dogs. Levy 
 a tax on wealth and there will be less wealth. Taxes are 
 paid to the government in compensation for services ren 
 dered in protecting property. But the landlord alone is 
 reaping the advantage of the improvements, and in justice 
 he should pay for the protection of those improvements. 
 If a conflagration should envelop the city, and leave 
 naught in its path but smoking ruins, real estate would 
 immediately fall from building lot prices to frontier farm 
 ing land prices. 
 
 "The improvements in a large city do not cost more 
 than in the country, and perhaps much less, for, owing to 
 the abundance of labor and material, both are cheaper. 
 However, real estate in a city is a hundred times more 
 expensive than in the country, because a dense popula 
 tion has augmented the improvements, which pander to 
 human comforts,, and have made the place an important 
 emporium, and therefore have created a demand for land. 
 
 "A sturdy son of toil abandons the refined society in 
 the center of population, and wanders forth to the unfre 
 quented and pathless wilderness, with the hope of ame 
 liorating his condition and acquiring a fortune for his 
 family. The country is inviting on every side, endowed 
 with potent energies, refreshed with limpid streams , 
 bathed in the sheen of the sun and smiling in the gleam 
 of the moon and the glitter of the stars. All the vast re 
 gion is without a claimant, on account of its remoteness 
 from the haunts of civilized life, and consequently it is 
 without value. 
 
 "The pioneer selects his location and appropriates as 
 
72 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 much land as he can cultivate. Others follow his foot 
 steps, and finding the land everywhere of equal fertility, 
 they occupy tracts adjacent to the farm of the first settler, 
 and his farm, in the course of time, becomes the nucleus 
 of a large agricultural community. To supply themselves 
 with the comforts of life, it is necessary to introduce, 
 stores, build a school, establish a postoffice, and naturally 
 they would select the first farm for the location of these 
 buildings. Now the first settler s land acquires a special 
 value, and this value has been created by the expansion 
 of the community, the enlargement of the population, and 
 not from the efforts of the pioneer. 
 
 "The community is now divided between merchants 
 and husbandmen, and, of course, every one wishes to be 
 near the market, and there is an increased demand for 
 land in the center of the district. If there were no land 
 titles, disputes would arise about the right of appropriat 
 ing the most desirable lots. With our present land sys 
 tem, the first settler would accumulate an immense for 
 tune from the growth of the community. Is there no way 
 of adjusting these difficulties? Is there no way of pre 
 venting disputes about the ownership of individuals, when 
 land belongs to the community at large, and, at the same 
 time, is there no method of securing to* the community 
 the wealth it has created by its improvements? Levy a 
 revenue tax on land values, remove the burden of taxa 
 tion from improvements, make the land tax equal to its 
 full rental. The most desirable location will bring a 
 higher tax, and the more remote a lower tax. Those who 
 are willing and able to pay the higher tax would be enti 
 tled to the best locations; and the others would select 
 cheaper lots. If the first settler desired to retain his en 
 tire tract, and pay the increased tax, he would be entitled 
 to hold it. 
 
 Then the amount of land possessed by each one is de 
 termined by the amount of tax each one is willing and able 
 to pay. No one would keep more land than he could use, 
 for it would be unprofitable to do so. As the land tax 
 would be the only tax, we appropriately designate it the 
 Single Tax. According to the Single Tax system, land 
 lords would not be molested in their possessions but could 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 73 
 
 live on their estates forever, and bequeath them to their 
 posterity. The only difference between the present sys^ 
 tern and the Single Tax system consists in the increased 
 tax imposed on land. Our titles would not be altered, and 
 no change would be made. This system would diminish 
 governmental expenses by dismissing an army of officials 
 who are employed in the revenue service. Sixty-five per 
 cent of the land tax would be sufficient to defray ex 
 penses, and the total taxation on land and improvements 
 to-day would fall from one hundred to sixty-five per cent. 
 
 "In this country the Wellthorgans own two millions 
 acres of land ; the Rothmans two millions acres ; Lord 
 Formeyer three millions ; the Danish nobility twenty 
 millions, and the railroads two hundred millions acres. 
 These lands are held for the sake of speculation, while 
 thousands of paupers cry for the crumbs that fall from our 
 tables. They were acquired at a sacrifice (often by grant, 
 as this government donated one hundred and sixty mill 
 ion acres to the railroads) and the tax on them is a mere 
 bagatelle. Raise the tax to the full rental, and these broad 
 tracts will be thrown on the market at reduced prices, and 
 millions of paupers will be enabled to secure homes. 
 
 "New Media, previously to 1830, was cursed with vast 
 wealth and degrading poverty. A few great landlords had 
 dominion over the country. A graduated land tax, rang 
 ing from one to three cents on the dollar, according to the 
 extent of the domain, with an extra two cents for absentee 
 landlords, proved so heavy that the most of the vast es 
 tates were offered for sale. To-day there is not a million 
 aire in New Media, only one man owns half a million, and 
 there is scarcely a pauper in the land. 
 
 "The Single Tax would have the same effect here, and 
 the full rental of the present time would fall, on account 
 of the abundance of the land, at least thirty-five per cent. 
 Let us see what advantages would follow from this sys 
 tem. 
 
 "A man owns a lot upon which he pays five hundred 
 dollars taxes, and he erects a factory upon this lot, and his 
 taxes are increased to one thousand dollars. Another 
 man has a vacant lot of the same size adjacent to the fac 
 tory and he pays five hundred dollars in taxes. The Sin- 
 
74 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 gle Tax system would relieve the first man s factory, and 
 place the entire thousand dollars on the lot. Real estate 
 having fallen thirty-five per cent the manufacturer would 
 pay sixty-five per cent, and therefore six hundred and fifty 
 dollars instead of one thousand dollars. The second man 
 would pay exactly the same. Now the second man would 
 immediately erect some industry on his vacant lot, estab 
 lish a large mill, employ hundreds of men in constructing 
 this plant, and hundreds of others in operating it. Hence 
 thousands of dollars are now spent in the city, where not 
 one cent was expended before. 
 
 "A poor man wishes to erect a dwelling. He buys a 
 lot for two thousand dollars and builds a residence for 
 two thousand dollars. He will pay a tax of fifty dollars 
 annually for the lot and the same amount for the house. 
 Now the Single Tax exempts the house and imposes the 
 whole sum on the lot, which sum will be reduced thirty- 
 five per cent and hence instead of one hundred dollars he 
 pays sixty-five dollars. 
 
 "But this is not all. He has only two thousand dollars, 
 for which he will purchase the lot, and according to our 
 present system he could not build till he has accumulated 
 two thousand dollars more, and all this time he pays fifty 
 dollars annually in taxes. The Single Tax plan would 
 enable him to build, with the two thousand dollars, a 
 house on any vacant lot which is not appropriated, and 
 pay the government sixty-five dollars annually for the 
 use of the lot. In that way the poor man saves two thou 
 sand dollars in the beginning, and thirty-five dollars an 
 nually for the rest of his life. 
 
 "Rabbi Nicholson attempted to prove that all men do 
 not live on the land, and he illustrates this by referring to 
 the mechanic who makes plows, the miller who grinds the 
 flour, the sheriff who keeps the peace. Is it possible that 
 these men do not eat food or wear clothes? Of course 
 they do. Well, then, they are living on the fruits of the 
 land. Do they live in the clouds and float around on the 
 moonbeams ? No ; they live on earth, move on earth, 
 have their whole being on the earth. I will admit with 
 my ministerial adversary that light, air and water are 
 essential factors in the creation of materials used in the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 75 
 
 production of wealth, but these would be useless without 
 soil. The first three are beyond human power, but the 
 owner of land has direct control over all the energies which 
 nature expends in the formation of the substance that 
 makes the fund of the world s wealth. Air, light and 
 water would be abortive agencies, if we had no land to re 
 ceive their energies. A learned scientist has endeavored 
 to prove that vegetation can flourish in water, but he con 
 fines his illustration to one or two species which would 
 not bear sufficient aliment to sustain the simplest forms 
 of life. 
 
 "I will concede that all men are not equal in mental 
 calibre, corporal ability and stature, yet they are entitled 
 to the same opportunities. The strong man will utilize 
 his power to greater advantage than the weak man, and 
 will leave him behind in the race of life. Yet it does not 
 follow that the latter must be disinherited for the benefit 
 of the former. A giant and a pygmy have twenty acres of 
 land each. The giant, by his superior strength expended 
 on the soil, will increase its fertility to its highest produc 
 tive capacity, and his land will yield one thousand bushels 
 of wheat. It follows that the giant reaps greater advan 
 tages from the same opportunities, yet I fail to see that 
 the pygmy should relinquish his right to his land in favor 
 of one whom nature has blessed with superior gifts, or that 
 the giant would be justified in seizing the property of the 
 dwarf. Yet this is the legitimate conclusion from Mr. 
 Nicholson s premises. 
 
 "I have spoken of the productive power of machinery, 
 and the decrease in the demand of labor following from 
 the consolidation of vast industries into mighty corpora 
 tions that control the supply of the nation. The competi 
 tion of laborers is daily waxing fiercer. If the wage- 
 earners apply to the landlord, they must accept his con 
 ditions and hence they are sailing between Scylla and 
 Charybdis. The Single Tax would open a new field of 
 labor, and would immediately draw the excessive popula 
 tion from factories, and according to the law of supply 
 and demand, laborers could exact as much wages as they 
 could earn in cultivating the soil. I believe in the Single 
 Tax (i) because it recognizes the fact that all men have 
 
76 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 a right to life and person, and it gives all men equal op 
 portunities of exercising these rights, and deprives no one 
 of the use of God s gifts ; (2) because it gives to every 
 man the complete ownership of the products of his toil, 
 removes from labor all restrictions and thus encourages 
 industry ; (3) because it appropriates the values created 
 by the community for the good of the community; (4) 
 because it appropriates values created by improvements 
 for the protection of improvements ; (5) because it reduces 
 the burden of the community thirty-five per cent ; (6) be 
 cause it is an escape valve for labor in the hands of capital ; 
 (7) because it is the only correct tax that can be levied. 
 No one can estimate the value of old machinery, factories, 
 houses, but every one knows the value of land, for its 
 value is established by the value of the surrounding land. 
 
 "But I do not say that the Single Tax is a complete 
 remedy for all the ills of the age. It is the only just 
 method of taxation, and its application would relieve the 
 situation for a time ; but society will not attain the golden 
 dreams of perfection till all the means of production and 
 distribution are nationalized. The Single Tax theory is 
 founded on competition and individualism, and in place 
 of these we should substitute co-operation and collectiv 
 ism. 
 
 "Although the Single Tax would deal a severe blow to 
 the domination of competitism, yet in the course of time 
 the scars of the latter would be cicatriced, and the con 
 scienceless fiend would arise from the dust to rule the 
 unborn generations. The moneyed kings would rent 
 thousands, and, perhaps, millions of acres, which they 
 would cultivate with the very best machinery, and could 
 thus dispense with the most of manual labor. To-day 
 wheat can be produced on the large farms of the West for 
 twenty cents per bushel, whereas it costs the small farmer 
 about forty-eight cents per bushel. Therefore, the large 
 farmer, renting fifty or one hundred thousand acres and 
 cultivating it with the latest improvements of production, 
 could well afford to give the small agriculturist the wages 
 the latter could make in cultivating his own land, and, in 
 the course of time, monopoly would supplant competition. 
 
 "Again, the railroads own immense tracts of land, and 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 77 
 
 the imposition of the Single Tax would not curb their 
 power, for possesing a monopoly in transportation, they 
 could discriminate against their competitors, and thus 
 annihilate their profits. If the government would impose 
 a franchise tax on the roads, the management could 
 charge this tax to their patrons in advanced rates, and 
 the transportation kings would be as omnipotent as the 
 autocrats of Kurush. 
 
 "After the raw material has passed into the hands of 
 the merchants and manufacturers, the power of capital 
 would have a vast field for the exploitation of labor. The 
 profits arising from the unlimited cultivation of the soil 
 would be so reduced by unfair competition with powerful 
 corporations and syndicates, that many would abandon 
 the peaceful life of the rustic, and seek employment in 
 other fields, and with the ever-increasing combination of 
 capital, division of labor, and multiplication of mechanical 
 skill, it would not be many decades before the slavery of 
 labor would be more galling than the gyves that manacle 
 the limbs of the toilers of this generation. 
 
 "The Single Tax merely deprives capital of one club, 
 which would, ere long, be supplied by other and improved 
 weapons of warfare against the rights and liberty of the 
 toiling masses. I advocate the Single Tax, not as an end, 
 but merely as a means to the nationalization of land. The 
 Single Tax is founded on collectivism in ownership and 
 individualism in cultivation. We should adopt the first, 
 and tolerate the second, in order to accomplish a third 
 purpose, which consists in co-operation in production. 
 
 "Should we demand the immediate imposition of the 
 land tax, or the confiscation of the rent for the community, 
 we would meet with obstinate resistance. A gradual in 
 crease of the tax on land, with a gradual reduction of 
 taxes on improvements and commodities for use, would 
 never be felt by the land-owners, and the revolution would 
 be so imperceptible that no one would suffer, and all 
 would be benefited by the change. In the course of ten 
 or fifteen years, the tax would be equivalent to the full 
 rental, and speculation being totally destroyed, and the 
 ownership of land giving no advantage to capitalists, the 
 latter would relinquish their claims, and the soil could 
 
78 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 be appropriated by the community, which could institute 
 co-operation in cultivation. In the meantime, while the 
 land is quietly passing into the hands of the common 
 wealth, the nation could acquire all the other means of 
 production, and distribution, and Socialism would be 
 come a reality. 
 
 But the objection will be advanced that it is robbery 
 to nationalize the products of labor. The individual 
 should own all the wealth that he has created, but should 
 not invade the rights of others. We have seen that it is 
 society that creates land values, and that is one of the 
 reasons advanced for the nationalization of land. The in- 
 diivdual living apart from society, in the wilds of the 
 Orient, or in the jungles of the Occident, could never 
 accumulate more than the barest competence, and, in 
 many cases, he would be fortunate in securing the neces 
 sary means of subsistence. Why is it that the same in 
 dividual grows wealthy in a highly civilized state of so 
 ciety? Because, in the manipulation of trade and in the 
 complication of industry, he silently appropriates the 
 wealth created by society. 
 
 An isolated individual, having no one to fleece, and 
 deprived of human co-operation, would not make more 
 than the equivalent of ten cents per day, whereas now his 
 labor creates ten dollars of wealth in the same time. The 
 ten cents is due to his individual efforts, and nine dollars 
 and ninety cents is the wealth produced by society as a 
 whole. Hence, in every creation of wealth, there are two 
 distinct factors, the individual and society, and there 
 should be two distinct portions, one going to the mem 
 ber and the other to the collective membership. The 
 progress of the ages is the accumulated wealth of society. 
 The artist borrows his ideas from his contemporaries, and 
 they have appropriated the knowledge of their ancestors, 
 and thus we inherit the gifts of those whose bones have 
 returned to dust, and whose names have faded from the 
 memory of living generations. The inventor gets an idea 
 from one piece of machinery, and adds this to the sum of 
 knowledge he has acquired from other sources, and 
 unitin-g these isolated notions, he adapts them to new 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 79 
 
 formations, and the result is a new invention and an ad 
 vance in mechanical skill. 
 
 "These various ideas are the products of society, and 
 the latter, after remunerating the individual effort, should 
 appropriate the new invention, and use it for the benefit 
 of mankind. Authors and scholars, statesmen and phil 
 osophers, owe their acquirements to society. All the 
 works of civilization in the history of the world have been 
 produced by society, and we can truthfully say that the 
 complete destruction of co-operation would reduce man 
 kind to a state of savagery. 
 
 "Our great industries are conducted on socialistic 
 principles. A number of men come together and form a 
 plan for the construction of a railroad. Every yard of 
 earth that is cast into the valley, every cut that is made 
 through the hills, every tunnel that is bored through the 
 ribs of the mountains, every rock that is removed by the 
 blast, every rivulet and stream that is spanned by a bridge, 
 every tie and every rail, every pound of freight that is re 
 moved from place to place, every passenger that is con 
 veyed from city to city, every stroke of work accom 
 plished and every effort made in the building and equip 
 ment and running of that road, is an exemplification of 
 co-operation. 
 
 "Our trusts are conducted on socialistic principles. 
 Socialism is civilization, and competition is barbarism. 
 Society, therefore, should own all the means of production 
 and distribution, for these are the creations of society. 
 
 "But how should this be accomplished? Shall the 
 State nationalize its wealth by confiscation or by pur 
 chase ? In justice to. the toiling millions who have made 
 the wealth, in justice to society which has bequeathed the 
 science of past ages, and which has directed our great in 
 dustries, the State should resort to confiscation. How 
 ever, I would not advocate that method, for there are cases 
 where the consequences would be disastrous, and a sud 
 den revolution of that nature would possibly deluge the 
 nation in human gore, and therefore I would suggest the 
 gradual absorption of the national wealth by purchase, 
 which I will explain in the near future. 
 
 "Hoping that Aaron Nicholson will study the question 
 
80 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 more seriously before attempting to ventilate his views on 
 the justice of the Single Tax, I am yours, etc., 
 
 "ISAAC GILHOOLEY." 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 When Mr. Gilhooley s surrejoinder was read by the 
 professors of the University, it was decided to expel the 
 youthful Achilles, whose sword had pierced the armor of 
 Hector, and had been crimsoned with the blood of the 
 Trojan hero. The Church blushed for the humiliation of 
 her servant. The students of the University were sum 
 moned to the study hall, and the rector thus addressed 
 them on the perils of adolescent genius : 
 
 "My dear young men," he said, "this community, and, 
 perhaps, this State and Nation, has been scandalized by 
 the arrogant assumption and heterodox teachings of one 
 who has been a protege of this venerable institution. The 
 halls of this University have been consecrated by the wis 
 dom and learning of the land, hallowed as the Mecca 
 where talent has made its annual pilgrimage, where art 
 has been enshrined, where the light of science has been 
 fed by the flame of the vestal virgins. The halls of this 
 institution have been enriched by every charm, adorned 
 with every grace, and blessed with the sweetest memories. 
 This seat of learning has been immortalized by the deeds 
 of her brilliant sons, who became famous in peace and in 
 war, who defended their country s honor in the national 
 forum, and the glory of her flag in the field of carnage, 
 and who have vied with the Grecian Muse in the temple 
 of song. Their verses have charmed, like Orpheus, of 
 mythological traditions, rocks and trees and woods and 
 streams ; their eloquence has enchanted ruthless mobs and 
 thrilled listless throngs, and transformed sober men into 
 surging masses. This University, sacred to the memory 
 of the nation s millions, consecrated by the valor of a thou 
 sand heroes, immortalized by the genius of every profes- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 8l 
 
 sion, has been tarnished by the breath of a traitor, and 
 desecrated by the shadow of a heretic. 
 
 "Mr. Isaac Gilhooley has promulgated doctrines that 
 are subversive of government and religion. His ideas are 
 in conflict with the Federal Constitution, which has been 
 purchased at the cost of years of suffering and rivers of 
 blood. That document, formed by the wisdom of our an 
 cestors, secured the right of property to every individual, 
 and this youthful anarchist fulminates against the validity 
 of personal ownership. He would deprive every citizen 
 of a home. He would go back to the savage state, when 
 men wandered through the solitudes of the forest, lived 
 in trees and caves and clothed themselves with the skins 
 of wild animals. He would demolish our national capital, 
 burn the legislative halls, abolish representatives and gov 
 ernors, banish the amenities of society, destroy all rights 
 enjoyed by civilized people, and institute the reign of 
 mobocracy and the triumph of fire and blood. What will 
 the thoughtless, ignorant millions do when they read his 
 teachings ? Will they not grow restless under the burden 
 of their daily toil, and meditate the dethronement of the 
 law, the inauguration of brute force, the banishment of 
 intelligence from the helm of the nation, and the govern 
 mental supremacy of the proletaire? 
 
 "It was the doctrine of such men as Mr. Gilhooley that 
 eventuated in the breaking of the Simeonic sceptre, the fall 
 of the diadem from the kingly brow, the decapitation of 
 Benjamin the Sixteenth, the assassination of his royal 
 consort, the destruction of the throne, the triumph of the 
 Directory, the desecration of the Star Chamber, the sweep 
 of violent passions ignited in the breasts of the rabble, and 
 the institution of an epoch in New Israel which shall be 
 known to all generations as the Reign of Terror. 
 
 "We do not wish to see our fair and beautiful country 
 shorn of every fruit of civilization by a cyclone of fury. 
 We do not wish to see Mars encircled with a belt of fire, 
 and to hear the rattle of his flaming car echoing among 
 our hills and along our streams and through our dells and 
 dales, mountain glens and shady vales. 
 
 "Moreover, the doctrine advocated by Mr. Gilhooley 
 is repugnant to common sense. Every man in this realm 
 
82 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 is a proprietor of land, at least the land upon which his 
 residence stands. If he does not at present own his home, 
 it is his desire to be able, at some future time, to rest under 
 the shadow of his own roof-tree. No man wishes to be the 
 tenant of the State. In his last communication, Mr. Gil- 
 hooley goes a step farther, and attacks the right of prop 
 erty in every form, saying that all wealth is the product of 
 society. This doctrine would lead to the very worst des 
 potism. It would give the government unlimited power. 
 It would result in the establishment of a kingdom, and the 
 rod of an absolute monarch would ere long be used against 
 the freedom of the nation, and the millions of Toadians 
 would crouch at the throne and lick the feet of their mas 
 ter. 
 
 There is a penchant in the human heart to accumulate 
 wealth, to own some property, and the visions of millen- 
 arians will not conquer that innate aspiration. The poorest 
 tramp that begs for bread at your door, would rebel 
 against the tenets of these anarchists who would deprive 
 him of the barest possibility of ever acquiring a foot of 
 soil that he could call his own. The mendicant of to-day 
 may be the capitalist of future decades. The ambition of 
 man is to ameliorate his condition, elevate himself and his 
 family in the social scale. The operative is contented with 
 his toil, for he looks forward to the remuneration that will 
 enable him to establish an industry and become a pro 
 prietor. Eradicate this ambition and you preclude the 
 possibility of transition from the lower to the higher ranks, 
 build a Chinese wall around man s social status, establish 
 the Oriental caste, forbidding the artisan to become a 
 merchant, confining the rustic toiler to the life-long 
 drudgery of the field and the furrow, closing the door of 
 the parlor against the face of the scullion, placing the em 
 bargo on the domestic, filling the professional ranks with 
 none but the children of grandees. 
 
 "Destroy the ambition of gaining social prominence, 
 intellectual distinction and commercial and financial im 
 portance ; extinguish the power of accumulated wealth, 
 and you paralyze the motive nerves of national pros 
 perity, stop the wheel of fortune, stem the march of prog 
 ress, dwarf the genius of invention, sterilize mental vigor, 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 83 
 
 stifle intellectual development, quench the flame of science, 
 impair physical strength, cultivate the germs of moral in 
 fection, encourage the growth of bestial passions, and fill 
 the land with poverty, misery and crime. 
 
 The right of private property has not only been sanc 
 tioned by the traditions of all times, the customs of all 
 peoples and the legislative enactments of all nations, but it 
 is supported and legalized by the authority of the Church 
 and the voice of God. The commandment promulgated 
 three thousand years ago on the flame-lit summit of the 
 Holy Mount says that thou shalt not steal/ and when the 
 government appropriates the wealth created by human 
 effort, that government violates the ordinances of the 
 Most High. It is one of the sins crying to Heaven for 
 vengeance. It is a crime that shall not be forgiven either 
 in this world or in the world to come, for it is defrauding 
 the laborer of his hire. 
 
 "The poor man has struggled for a quarter of a cen 
 tury, through the chilly blast of winter and under the 
 scorching rays of summer, from the early dawn until the 
 shadows of night wrapped the world in slumber. He 
 spends the few thousand dollars, the result of his sweat 
 and toil, the sum total of his life s labor, and he purchases 
 a farm of land which he calls his own. The Single Tax 
 theory is legalized in legislative action, and goes into op 
 eration. The farmer loses his home, and is forced in his 
 declining years to seek the assistance of the cold, heartless 
 world. Is that not robbery? Yea, it is worse than rob 
 bery ; it is murder of the deepest dye, and the man who 
 inculcates such detestable opinions, who would go so far 
 as to legalize such injustice, is guilty of all the blood that 
 it will wring from the hearts of the millions who will 
 perish in the defense of their firesides. 
 
 "I regret that Mr. Gilhooley has been misled by the 
 vagaries of a distorted brain, and has drifted into the cur 
 rent of anarchy. He was the star of this institution and 
 was destined, by the judicious application of his talents, 
 to rank with the highest minds of the nation. He would, 
 had his genius not been perverted by reading dangerous 
 books, and contemplating wild, chimerical theories, have 
 woven a wreath of glory to crown the brow of the nation, 
 
84 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 and his memory would have been encircled with the halo 
 of immortality. This is a warning to aspiring talent. 
 
 "Young men, be guided by the counsel of aged wis 
 dom. Great promises have been frustrated by hazardous 
 steps, and lofty hopes have been wrecked on rocks and 
 shoals. Many a ship, laden with precious gems and treas 
 ures of gold, has gone down beneath the boisterous waves. 
 Loyalty to the law is the grandest virtue that can adorn 
 the soul of youth, and disloyalty to the flag is the blackest 
 crime that can stain the brow of a citizen. 
 
 "The destiny of our country is in the hands of the 
 rising generation. Adolescence is redolent of every charm 
 and grace, and juvenile fancies are pregnant with visions 
 of future glory. It is consoling to behold the buoyant 
 hopes and lofty ambitions of our young men, and I would 
 be loath to discourage them in their noble purposes and 
 exalted aspirations. They are to be the heroes of the fu 
 ture. They are to preserve the purity of our government 
 and defend the honor of our flag, and send it floating down 
 the ages, covered with the glory of triumph in the cause 
 of justice and liberty, and consecrated with the benedic 
 tion of a Republic rescued from the bondage of despotism 
 by the flash of the sword. They are to make the laws of 
 our land, and protect the weak from the strong arm of 
 injustice. They are to be the fathers of the nation, the 
 founders of homes, the framers of society, the custodians 
 of morality the patrons of art, the teachers of science. 
 Hence, their minds cannot be too well prepared. Their 
 hearts should be isolated from the poison that has already 
 inoculated society. They should be kept in the atmosphere 
 of purity, and shun the withering breath of vice as they 
 would avoid the deadly germs of contagion, or the mortal 
 fangs of an asp. We have protected your unsuspecting 
 simplicity, your child-like innocence of heart, from the 
 fatal effects of anarchical association by ignominiously 
 expelling that scorpion, Mr. Gilhooley, from this sacred 
 retreat. 
 
 "I pity his widowed mother, who lost her husband 
 when Isaac was an infant. I pity his dear old grand 
 mother, who is now in her dotage. We would fain con 
 done the transgression of this youth in reverence to the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN #5 
 
 memory of his sire, who was a noble captain of the Lost 
 Cause , but this hallowed asylum of learning cannot har 
 bor revolution within its walls, or permit conspiracies to 
 ripen under the shadow of its wing. The offender was 
 amply warned of his misdemeanors, and he cannot allege 
 ignorance in palliation of his crime. This University is 
 endowed by the wealthy men of the South, and they will 
 not permit their beneficiaries to sully their honor and rob 
 them of their affluence. If the patrons of this institution 
 should withdraw their support, our doors would be closed 
 immediately. I hope that the enemy we have detected 
 beneath our roof has no confederates or sympathizers 
 among you." 
 
 This address was prepared and afterwards published in 
 the Standard, to convince the moneyed aristocracy that 
 the University was not responsible for the opinions of 
 Gilhooley. 
 
 The students were dismissed, and they retired to the 
 campus to consider the expulsion of their associate. Some 
 were unequivocal in their expression of concordance with 
 the action of the faculty, and they were not slow in de 
 nouncing the temerity of Isaac Gilhooley, and they were 
 sincere in their attitude. Some were jealous of his su 
 perior calibre, and mental attainments, and although they 
 could see no grave crime in the defense of an honest 
 opinion, even when wrong, yet they were glad to have 
 an adversary removed, and actuated by selfish motives, 
 they endeavored to conceal their hypocrisy in sanctioning 
 the course that had been pursued. A small number were 
 heirs of wealthy planters of the South, and they conjured 
 up, in their fervid fancies, the poverty that would fall on 
 their homes when the confiscation act would be passed, 
 and they were loud in their defense of the verdict which 
 excluded their associate from the historic institution. A 
 few were the sons of policemen, ward politicians and sa 
 loon-keepers, and in their pretensions to wealth and aris 
 tocracy, they not only concurred in the justice of the sen 
 tence, but deemed it prudent, and even obligatory, to 
 hang Isaac Gilhooley before he would destroy the gov 
 ernment. 
 
 But the majority of the students were very fond of the 
 
86 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 Irish reformer, as he was facetiously called by his com 
 rades, and they were unanimous in stigmatizing the ex 
 pulsion of their classmate as an act of contemptible cow 
 ardice, prompted altogether by consideration of public 
 opinion which they did not have the moral courage to con - 
 front. Abraham McGillicuddy declared that the faculty 
 were truckling to the money power behind the University. 
 Nicholas Hellenmeyer said that the professors were afraid 
 that they would lose their positions, and sacrificed a noble 
 young man, fighting the battle of freedom, on the altar of 
 their selfish ambition. 
 
 Many of the students drew up a petition against the 
 dastardly conduct of the University corps, and threatened 
 to withdraw from the University unless Isaac were im 
 mediately recalled. This document was read to the faculty 
 by Abraham McGillicuddy with an emphasis which clearly 
 indicated his determination. The rector exculpated the 
 students from any intentional malice, but claimed that it 
 was criminal to support the views of an anarchist. To 
 this speech McGillicuddy replied with real Irish elo 
 quence : 
 
 "I consider you a criminal in condemning the honest 
 convictions of a man who has made a thorough study of 
 the labor question. If you had read, with an unbiased 
 mind, the works that have engaged the attention of Isaac 
 Gilhooley, in your heart you would agree with him. I 
 say you would agree with him in your heart, but, like a 
 brazen-faced hypocrite as you are, your lips would belie 
 your opinion, and to pander to the sentiments of land 
 kings and railroad magnates, you would swear that black 
 is white and that night is day. I would not disgrace my 
 self by associating with the professors of this institution. 
 I would not imperil my moral character by lingering 
 under the same roof with a viper like you !" 
 
 Saying this, Mr. McGillicuddy ordered his trunk to be 
 sent to the Emerald Hotel, and he immediately left the 
 grounds. The other students abandoned their bellicose 
 attitude and dispersed, talking among themselves over 
 the events of the day, and voicing their different opinions 
 in all forms of speech, ranging from 1 the nicely couched 
 expressions of the diplomat to the tempestuous burst of 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 87 
 
 eloquence, and bombastic phraseology of nervous tem 
 peraments and passionate natures. 
 
 McGillicuddy was not long in locating Gilhooley, and 
 the two reformers made arrangements for their warfare 
 against the injustice which held millions of people in the 
 grim vice of thralldom. They decided to< abandon the 
 study of law, which they now regarded as a profession 
 which flourished on human miseries, and depended solely 
 for its existence on the perpetration of crime. 
 
 "If all men were just," they reasoned, "litigation would 
 be unknown, for their difficulties originating in conflict 
 of claims, could be adjusted by arbitration. There can 
 never be but one just claim, for the justice of one claim 
 logically excludes the justice of the opposite claim. Now, 
 lawyers, who assume the defense of the unjust claim, nec 
 essarily criminate the innocent and exculpate the guilty. 
 In fact, they must stifle the voice of conscience, and utilize 
 every means of destroying the appearance of truth, that 
 falsehood may triumph. If they hesitate to adopt criminal 
 methods, they will make a complete failure in their profes 
 sion. 
 
 "Besides, this is an age pregnant with great issues, 
 which will decide the fate of civilized nations, and mighty 
 agencies are requisite to counteract the forces now en 
 gaged in the deadly contest against justice and liberty, and 
 we should use our influence and capacity to avert the ter 
 rible catastrophe that menaces this government, and im 
 perils the safety of republican institutions." 
 
 "I think, Mac," said Gilhooley, "we should enter the 
 field of journalism, and spend the resources of our brain 
 in the cause of humanity. Let us establish a reform paper 
 where we will be at liberty to discuss these questions, and 
 bring them before the world in their true color. Let us 
 expose the false positions of labor and capital, exalt the 
 one and dethrone the other. Let us stir up the sleeping 
 millions to a sense of duty, and the terrible realities that 
 confront them." 
 
 "I think," said McGillicuddy, "that your plan is ad 
 mirable. We speak of the liberty of the press in this coun 
 try, but the word is only a high-sounding phrase of rhetor 
 ical skill employed to dupe the unwary." 
 
88 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "Liberty of the press !" exclaimed Isaac, with a mock 
 ing laugh. "Do you know," he continued, "that many 
 subscribers have informed the Ledger to drop their names 
 from the list since the appearance of my paper in its col 
 umns ?" 
 
 "Is that possible !" cried his hearer. 
 
 "Yes," replied Isaac. "The editor, this forenoon, 
 showed me some of the communications that have come 
 to his office, and really their language would be repudi 
 ated by the more respectable fishmongers of Billingsate 
 Street. A flood of vituperation that would do no honor to 
 the lowest member of the canaille." 
 
 "What reasons do the authors of those communica 
 tions assign for such abuse?" 
 
 "Well, I took a copy of one of the letters, written by 
 Elisha Wonterman, a distiller, who resides on Mulberry 
 Street, and it is a fair sample of the rest," replied Isaac. 
 "I will read it." 
 
 " Editor of the Ledger : Since you have opened your 
 columns to the anarchistic element of this country, and 
 allow the dirty whelps to abuse decent people, and call 
 them murderers and hypocrites and scoundrels, because 
 they save their money, I must withdraw my patronage. 
 I could not allow my advertisement to appear in your hell 
 ish journal, which is disseminating contagion through 
 out the land. W r e are the owners of this country, and we 
 wlil please ourselves, and will not consult you and your 
 miserable crew of pickpockets and burglars and midnight 
 assassins. If you intend to continue the course you have 
 begun, I would advise you to take your dirty carcass out 
 of this city as early as possible. The law-abiding element 
 of this community will take you from your bed some night 
 and lash your naked back just as we used to punish our 
 dusky slaves. 
 
 " Yours, 
 
 " Elisha Wonterman. 
 
 Isaac and Abraham went to Mrs. Gilhooley to get her 
 advice and support. The noble little matron admired the 
 courage of the young men, and approved of their plan. 
 She offered to advance the little money at her disposal to 
 further the enterprise, Abraham said that he would visit 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 89 
 
 his father, who lived in Baron, explain the cause of his de 
 parture from college, his determination to adopt journal 
 ism as a profession instead of the law, and perhaps could 
 secure the influence and assistance of the elder McGilli- 
 cuddy. 
 
 Isaac remarked that the suggestion 1 was very appro 
 priate and advised Abraham to leave immediately. Mc 
 Gillicuddy was not slow in making preparations for the 
 journey, and was in ample time to get the fast-flyer which 
 left early in the afternoon. 
 
 On arriving at Baron, he went directly to his father s 
 home. Mr. McGillicuddy was rather surprised to see his 
 son, but was more than pleased when he learned the cause 
 of his expulsion (if I might call it such, for he had de 
 feated the sentence by leaving voluntarily), and the nature 
 of his mission. 
 
 "Ah, my boy ! there is good old fighting Irish stock in 
 you. The MacGillicuddy reeks of Ireland were not named 
 after the founder of our house without a reasons. Two 
 generations of intermarriage with the children of Abra 
 ham have not obliterated our national and family traits. 
 Patrick McGillicuddy, of Donomore fame, would never 
 see an injustice perpetrated without raising a hand in de 
 fense of the outraged party, and I am proud to see that 
 same noble characteristic in his descendant at this remote 
 day. Yes, I will furnish you with money to establish a 
 reform journal, and I hope your pen will scathe every 
 pharisee in the realm." 
 
 Abraham thanked his father for his approval and as 
 sistance, and after a few days spent in the old home, he re 
 turned to Meron to confer with his friend Isaac. Gil- 
 hooley was delighted to learn of the success that crowned 
 his mission. 
 
 In the meantime the news of their expulsion from the 
 college was spread far and wide, and the two young he 
 roes were the recipients of very encouraging letters from 
 champions of truth and justice throughout the nation. 
 The labor organizations of Deboreh held an enthusiastic 
 meeting, and it was unanimously agreed to send the stu 
 dents letters of sympathy, and at the same time to solicit 
 them to continue the crusade, with the promise of every 
 
90 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 support in their power. Isaac and Abraham thought that 
 Deboreh would be the most desirable place to locate their 
 enterprise, as it would at once introduce them to thou 
 sands of readers, and bring them into immediate promi 
 nence. 
 
 So, getting the approval of friends anxious for their 
 welfare, they departed the first day of January, 1855, for 
 the metropolis of the New World. They were just enter 
 ing on manhood, Isaac having celebrated his twentieth 
 birthday three months before, and Abraham was twenty- 
 one the following March. 
 
 They decided to call their journal "The Flaming 
 Sword," for they intended to wield it unsparingly against 
 the foes of human right and liberty, without regard to age 
 or rank, social etiquette or legal injunctions. The first is 
 sue of the paper contained a history of the difficulty at 
 the University, in which the professors, especially the rec 
 tor, were scored without mercy, and represented as 
 toadies and sneaks, who never expressed an honest opin 
 ion in their lives, whose hypocrisy would make the de 
 mons blush, who constantly prostituted their talents in 
 the service of duplicity, and sacrificed principle and truth 
 to attain their selfish ends. 
 
 "You will never have a loyal, liberty-loving, law-abid- 
 ng citizenship, until you have purified the seats of learning 
 from the pestiferous breath of scorpions. The Meron 
 University is a cloaca of corruption. The white-faced 
 guardians of youthful innocence speak of God and the 
 prophets, of prayer and sacrifice, when they do not believe 
 there is a Supreme Being. If they had the faintest spark 
 of faith, they could never burden their conscience with the 
 responsibility of propagating falsehood and corrupting 
 the heart of innocence with the virus of hypocrisy. We 
 want truthful, sincere men, not liars and dissemblers, 
 sycophants and equivocators." 
 
 In the same issue there was an account of the great 
 strike in Kidron, and the participation of the Federal au 
 thorities in squelching the riots. "We cannot/ wrote 
 Gilhooley, "sanction bloodshed, and we condemn mob- 
 rule, whether the perpetrators be our friends or our ene 
 mies. But at the same time, there are many extenuating 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 9! 
 
 circumstances in this case. The employes went on a 
 strike because they could not possibly live on the wages 
 they were receiving from the railroad company. Perhaps 
 the company was not in a position to pay more, since the 
 management is compelled to pay eight per cent interest 
 on stock watered about four times its real value, and while 
 they are in the stealing business, it is not expected that 
 they would show any partiality to their helpless victims. 
 Let the railroads capitalize their stock at cost, declare six 
 per cent dividends, and the wages of the employes will be 
 increased three hundred per cent. 
 
 "The government that will tolerate powerful corpora 
 tions to suck the life-blood from the veins of the wealth- 
 producers, is guilty of all the murders actuated by desper 
 ation, all the thefts that are perpetrated, all the crimes that 
 are committed, all the misery, sorrow, sickness and death, 
 that follow the wake of poverty. If the wage-earners re 
 ceive their portion of the wealth created by labor, there 
 would not be a pauper in the land, there would not be a 
 ragged child, a hovel or a hut, there would not be a pang 
 of grief arising from want or privation, there would not 
 be a prison, a workhouse or a jail, for there would not be 
 a criminal in the Republic. It is something worthy of re 
 flection that the dividends of great corporations increase 
 in magnitude just in proportion to the diminution of 
 wages paid to the laboring classes who work for these 
 gigantic concerns. 
 
 "Elias Forsemer, the great political economist, de 
 nouncing the aristocracy of New Israel, makes a sad com 
 ment on Toadian legislation, when he claims that this 
 country suffers more from the monopolists than Dan from 
 her titled nobility ; and as an antidote to the ever-increas 
 ing ills with which the vast corporations afflict our land, 
 he suggests that the government compromise with these 
 mighty magnates, and create dukedoms for them on the 
 condition that they do not molest the peace of the millions 
 by their cruel usurpations. It would be far better to have 
 the Duke of Deboreh, the Earl of Engeddi and the Baron 
 of Lidda, than the pestiferous monopolists, who, under 
 the name of legitimate business, fill their maws with the 
 blood of the toiling masses. If we could reward our mill- 
 
92 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 ionaires with titles, they would not be necessitated to steal 
 a much larger fortune in order to purchase the privilege 
 of cleaning the cuspidores of Danish Lords ; and that is 
 the real position of our Toadian nobles, who acquire the 
 right of sitting under the wing of aristocracy, by exchang 
 ing their gold for an empty title. 
 
 "And what is the condition of Toadian politics ? The 
 maloder of its putridity nauseates every honest man in 
 the Republic. Every party is inoculated with the virus of 
 political corruption. The disclosures that have been 
 made in Deboreh are startling. The history of politics in 
 the Metropolis of the Empire State is but the history of 
 every municipal government in the country. Bribery is 
 the order of the day, and every public official has his price. 
 It is not surprising that four thousand millionaires have 
 been created in this country in the last quarter of a cen 
 tury. 
 
 "Where is Toadian patriotism ? A man that will sell 
 his honor, his word, his vote for petty pelf, will barter his 
 country s honor in the hour of her deepest peril. Toadia 
 is ruled by the money power, and the millionaires of this 
 country despise the land of their birth because of the un- 
 congeniality of its soil to the growth of aristocracy. Hav 
 ing murdered and robbed until their coffers are swelled 
 with the fruit of their dishonesty, they go to- Dan to seek 
 husbands and wives for their daughters and sons. A 
 Toadian belle of wealth and promise would give her heart 
 and hand to a titled vagrant rather than obscure the 
 splendor of her life in conjugal union with the noblest son 
 of the nation. There should be a law enacted forbidding 
 such marriages under penalty of confiscation of all prop 
 erty possessed in this country by the delinquents, and 
 perpetual ostracism from these snores, with the further 
 penalty of being suspended from the first lamp-post in 
 case the slightest attempt were ever made to return." 
 
 When the first issue of the paper came from the press, 
 the newsboys in every part of the city were attracting the 
 attention of all classes of people. They vociferated: 
 "Here s The Flaming Sword ! All about McGillicuddy 
 and Gilhooley ! Here s The Flaming Sword ! All about 
 the professors at the Meron University and the Kidron 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 93 
 
 strike! All about the murder of railroad men and the 
 Danish lords ! Men, women and children eagerly pur 
 chased the paper. Orders for another issue came in rap 
 idly, and before night ten thousand copies had been sold. 
 
 The daily papers scored the two young editors. The 
 railroad kings of the nation were interviewed, and they 
 were unanimous in their denunciation of the reform paper, 
 and said that the law-abiding citizens of Deboreh should 
 drive Gilhooley and his friend from the city. Others said 
 the authorities should prohibit such incendiary publica 
 tions. 
 
 The next week every one was looking for racy develop 
 ments in "The Flaming Sword," and more than thirty 
 thousand copies were sold. The reputation of the journal 
 was established, and the fortunes of Gilhooley and Mc- 
 Gillicuddy were made. Every issue of the paper became 
 more interesting. Disclosures of a startling nature were 
 published week after week. The laboring element sang 
 the praises of the editors in their council rooms, honest 
 citizens indorsed the methods of the reformers, and lent 
 their patronage to the movement. The local journals, 
 especially those of the conservative type, found that they 
 could not condemn The Flaming Sword" at the bar of 
 public sentiment, and accomplished a triumph for the 
 plutocratic lords. 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 Late in the month of February there was a levee at the 
 palatial home of Patrick Einstein, at which the culture of 
 Deboreh was represented. Mr. Einstein was an influential 
 merchant, who had inherited quite a fortune, and having 
 made lucrative, yet honest, investments, he was now 
 ranked among the opulent men of Deboreh. But he was 
 better known for his noble qualities of head and heart. 
 Educated in the Layman University, he had pursued let 
 ters during his life of comparative leisure, and had always 
 
<M BEYOND THE BLACK. OCEAN 
 
 cultivated the friendship of professional men. He was 
 liberal in his views, a foe to bigotry or prejudice of any 
 nature, spent his money liberally, yet usefully, was char 
 itable to the poor, independent in thought, a man of ver 
 satility and originality. 
 
 He had admired the attitude of the young reformers, 
 subscribed for their paper, formed their acquaintance, and 
 encouraged them by his approval of their methods. Mr. 
 Einstein recognized the evils of the age, and he regarded 
 Socialism as the only antidote. Hence on this occasion 
 he invited Gilhooley and McGillicuddy to the assembly. 
 His daughters, Misses Biddy and Mary Ann Einstein, 
 were also readers of "The Flaming Sword," and ardent 
 admirers of its spirit, and the courage and independence 
 of the editors, and it was their desire to meet Gilhooley 
 and his friend ; and this is another reason why Mr. Ein 
 stein had extended them an invitation. Besides Teddy 
 Einstein, the only son of the family, was an intimate friend 
 of the reformers, and had often spent evenings in their 
 office, talking over the burning questions of the times. 
 
 About eight o clock the guests began to assemble, and 
 before nine the drawing-rooms were full. Two beardless 
 young men had entered. One was a tall brunette about 
 six feet in height, rather slender, but yet not lank. The 
 other was of the blonde type, slightly above five feet ten 
 inches, but stouter than his companion. Determination 
 marked every feature in the visage of the former, and 
 strong intellectual vigor was mirrored in his deep, bril 
 liant black eyes. 
 
 The other young man was equally handsome, and 
 while his facial expression was not so decided, yet when he 
 spoke the most superficial observer could discover his 
 mental acumen and the courage and strength of his char 
 acter. The other guests were attracted by the appearance 
 of the two young men. 
 
 "Who are those gentlemen conversing with Miss Biddy 
 and her sister ?" asked an elderly matron of those around 
 her. 
 
 "The tall brunette is Mr. Gilhooley, and the blonde is 
 his associate editor, Abraham McGillicuddy." 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 9$ 
 
 "Ah ! those are the famous journalists who publish 
 The Flaming Sword ? Why, they are mere boys." 
 
 " Yes, neither is twenty-one years of age." 
 
 "So youthful and yet bold enough to attack our time- 
 honored institutions !" 
 
 "Why it is supposed that they wish to abolish all law, 
 and give the passions of the rabble boundless freedom." 
 
 "What a pity to see such talents perverted ! How they 
 could adorn society ! They seem to be so polished, and 
 besides they have had the advantages of a university edu 
 cation." 
 
 "You know, of course, that they were expelled from 
 college for their radical utterances on the ownership 
 land and other property ?" 
 
 "O, yes, I read in the World at the time that Mr. Gil- 
 hooley had advocated the confiscation of all property, and 
 proposed to divide the wealth of the nation among the 
 railroad employes, factory operators and tramps." 
 
 "Why, they have gone even further than that in their 
 crusade against society. They are entreating the govern 
 ment to hang all the aspirants to noble titles, and give 
 their property to the strikers and others of that disturb 
 ing element." 
 
 "I think it would be well to imitate our cousins be 
 yond the wave, and establish a monarchy here. They 
 have never any serious difficulties in Dan, because the 
 Queen would not tolerate such impudence from menials. 
 You see, she is independent, and does not apprehend any 
 danger from calling on the army to quash insurrections. 
 In this country, the President would not hazard his chance 
 of re-election by opposing the dross and scum of society, 
 and respectable people are kept in dread of those lawless 
 bandits." 
 
 "Well, we attach too much importance to liberty, and 
 the ignorant masses take advantage of this. Why, only a 
 few days ago my husband horrified me when he informed 
 me of a little difficulty he had in the factory. One of the 
 employes had violated Mr. Reisan s rules, and was chew 
 ing tobacco, and when he was notified that he would be 
 castigated for the offense, he really had the temerity and 
 
96 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 audacity to curse, and say that he was a Toadian citizen, 
 and would do as he pleased." 
 
 "And what did Mr. Reisan do ?" 
 
 "Why he discharged him forthwith." 
 
 "Well, he would not have escaped that easily with my 
 husband. There is nothing in the world that Ebenezer 
 loathes so much as disobedience and impudence from in 
 feriors. The day before yesterday, Ben, our coachman, 
 was not to be found when I ordered the carriage. Of 
 course, I could not go out that morning. Ben came up 
 to the house tbout eleven o clock, and an hour later 
 Ebenezer walked in, and I reported the matter to him. 
 Ebenezer called Ben and took him out to the stable, and 
 a few minutes later I heard Ben screaming for mercy." 
 
 "Did Mr. Gehtheimer whip him?" 
 
 "Whip him ? Well I should think so ! He gave him 
 fifty lashes with the carriage whip, and I think Ben will 
 never forget his medicine." 
 
 "Well, I think if Mr. Reisan would resort to that 
 method there would be no more trouble in his factory." 
 
 "Why, of course not. What are servants for but to 
 obey their masters? There have always been slaves in 
 times past. Look at Greece and Rome ! There were far 
 more slaves in those countries than freemen. Look at 
 New Israel for more than a thousand years. The masters 
 not only had the right to whip them, but could kill them, 
 even without a cause. We should pass a law in this coun 
 try to enslave every man, woman and child that is not 
 worth a specified sum. Then there would be no strikes. 
 The master could take his recalcitrant slaves, and give 
 them a thorough lashing, and that would end the matter. 
 Why, there were no strikes among the Cushites before 
 the war." 
 
 In the meantime Mrs. Reisan remarked to her com 
 panion : 
 
 "Do you see how much those Einstein girls are mak 
 ing over those journalists ?" 
 
 But Mrs. Gehtheimer was so interested in the discus 
 sion of the class problem that she continued, without no 
 ticing the remark : 
 
 "Don t you know, I think it was a bad idea ever to have 
 
LEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 97 
 
 allowed the Irish to enter this country ? They came here 
 with their Christian ideas about the equality of men. 
 Their God preached against class distinction, and the 
 Apostles of the new religion began to propagate the tenets 
 of their Master throughout the world. They subverted 
 every power that opposed them, abolished slavery in every 
 land, teaching that there were no longer Jew or Gentile, 
 Greek or barbarian, bond or free, but all in all in Christ." 
 
 "Did they not inculcate the idea that the human race 
 forms one great brotherhood?" interrupted Mrs. Reisan. 
 
 "Yes, if I remember correctly, they teach that there is 
 one God and Father, who is above all and in all and 
 through all." 
 
 "Well, I should hate to think that I was created by 
 the same God that brought those miserable tramps and 
 servants into the world !" remarked Mrs. Reisan. 
 
 "I should hate still more to think that we were all go 
 ing to the same heaven !" said Mrs. Gehtheimer. 
 
 "O, I think that we will go to the same heaven," ob 
 served her companion, "but it will be just like it is here. 
 The wealthy, cultivated people will be waited on by the 
 others with perfect submission and obedience." 
 
 "Ah ! there goes Biddy Einstei-n with Mr. Gilhooley !" 
 exclaimed Mrs. Gehtheimer. 
 
 "And do you see Mary Ann with Mr. McGillicuddy ?" 
 
 "O, well ! the Einsteins have Irish blood in them, and 
 it is no wonder they consort with that class of people. 
 They say that Mr. Einstein is a great admirer of The 
 Flaming Sword, and that Teddy pays frequent visits to 
 its editors." 
 
 "What a pity ! Mr. Einstein is such a refined gentle 
 man, and besides he is an honored member of the social 
 set, and it is too bad that he and his family should asso 
 ciate with anarchists." 
 
 Similar remarks were made in an undertone by various 
 persons throughout the evening. Though many con 
 demned the positions which the reformers had assumed, 
 yet all admired their genius and their accomplishments. 
 They were the cynosures of every eye, and many a maiden 
 heart beat faster when the handsome young editors es 
 corted Miss Biddy and Miss Mary Ann to the dining- 
 
98 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 room. The guests were scarcely seated at the table when 
 Mrs. Gehtheimer addressed Mr. Gilhooley. 
 
 "I understand," she said, "that you intend to estab 
 lish a communism in this country?" 
 
 "Well, I have not advocated that doctrine in any of my 
 public utterances, but I do not repudiate the plausibility 
 of such a form of government," he replied. 
 
 "Do you not think that your ideas are Utopian?" 
 
 "Do you mean the ideas I have advanced in our pa 
 per?" he asked. 
 
 "Yes. You are waging a crusade on wealth, are you 
 not?" 
 
 "No, not on wealth, only on legalized theft," he an 
 swered. "I would make no distinction between the mid 
 night burglar who enters your premises and loots your 
 treasures and the railroad robber who appropriates the 
 product of the laborer s toil. In fact, the latter is even 
 more criminal, because he steals a poor man s crust of 
 bread, whereas the former lives on the luxuries of the 
 rich/ 
 
 "Do you think you will ever be able to accomplish the 
 object of your ambition?" she questioned, fixing her 
 small, keen eyes on him. 
 
 "What do you intend to signify by the object of my 
 ambition ?" he asked, frankly. 
 
 "Why, to divide the land among the people." 
 
 "I never had any such intentions," he returned, coolly. 
 
 "No? Why, I thought that was your doctrine." 
 
 "Then, madam, you have been misinformed," he re 
 turned, with a smile that robbed the words of their curt- 
 ness. "I am simply pleading for the justice of Socialism, 
 an economic change in our industrial methods that will 
 prevent the accumulation of vast wealth in the hands of 
 the few, at the expense of the masses, and will throw open 
 the resources of nature to millions of willing toilers. It 
 will destroy the possibility of some thriving on the wealth 
 produced by others. It will take the rod of despotism 
 from the hands of trusts, stimulate industry, banish pov 
 erty, and make every earnest laborer comfortable and 
 happy." 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 99 
 
 During the conversation the other guests listened 
 breathlessly, and not a word was lost. 
 
 "I hope," then said Mrs. Gehtheimer, "that you will 
 not succeed in making Miss Biddy a convert to your 
 views." 
 
 Miss Biddy replied: 
 
 "I am already a convert/ 
 
 "What!" exclaimed Mrs. Gehtheimer, adding: "Mr. 
 Gilhooley must be a necromancer to have enchanted you 
 so soon." 
 
 "It is not so soon as you think," replied the young 
 girl. "I have read Mr. Gilhooley s contributions to the 
 Meron Ledger, and his controversy with Rabbi Nichol 
 son. Moreover, my father subscribes for The Flaming 
 Sword/ and I read every line of the paper. The views en 
 tertained by Mr. Gilhooley and Mr. McGillicuddy seem, 
 in my mind, as clear as the noonday sun, and I fail to see 
 how any intelligent person can refuse to accept the justice 
 of Socialism." 
 
 Silence fell on the guests when this defense was made. 
 After a few moments Mr. Gilhooley started the conversa 
 tion by a pleasant remark on the value of his convert. 
 
 "I knew a gentleman in Meron," said he, "who was 
 an officer in the Federal army, and, after conquering the 
 masculine heroes of the South, he was himself conquered 
 by a fragile Southern beauty. And when I reflect on this 
 incident, I have every reason to feel proud of the triumph 
 I have won, in taking, to the Socialist camp, a maiden 
 whose charms would have fascinated all the generals en 
 gaged in suppressing the late rebellion." 
 
 This little incident created good humor among the 
 guests, which was expressed by their smiles and laughter. 
 The conversation assumed a more cheerful, lightsome 
 character, and many of the young people bantered Mr. 
 Gilhooley at the expense of the blushing maid at his side. 
 At about one o clock the party filed out of the dining hall 
 to resume their amusements in the parlors. Mrs. Reisan 
 approached Mrs. Nehlmeyer, and began to speak of the 
 merits of the gallant young men who seemed to be win 
 ning the heart of every damsel at the levee. 
 
100 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "Do you see," said Mrs. Reisan, "how the fair sex 
 ogle and smile on the youthful crusaders ?" 
 
 "Yes," replied her companion, "they seem to make a 
 grand impression here, and I am not surprised, for they 
 are men of splendid caliber, and lofty aspirations. My 
 daughter, Rosaline, thinks that they are the heroes of the 
 age. She has been reading their record, and entertains 
 the highest idea of their excellence, and when she was 
 introduced to them this evening she was charmd with their 
 manners. She told me that they really surpassed her 
 dreams." 
 
 "Which one is the more admired?" 
 
 "Well, I cannot say," responded Mrs. Nehlmeyer. 
 "Many of the young ladies speak of Mr. Gilhooley s state 
 ly form and wavy hair and sparkling black eyes, while 
 others rave over Mr. McGillicuddy s matchless grace. I 
 think the fair victims that escape the one will be captured 
 by the other. Cupid s arrows are flying thick and fast 
 among the ranks of beauty, and every maiden s heart will 
 bleed to-night." 
 
 "Why, Mrs. Nehlmeyer! I cannot see how young 
 ladies of opulence and social prestige can go into raptures 
 over those anarchists. Deboreh is full of young men just 
 as brilliant as the editors of The Flaming Sword. : 
 
 "That may be, but the fact cannot be denied that they 
 have made an impression. Besides, Mrs. Reisan, I can 
 not agree with you in calling them anarchists. If they 
 were anarchists, Mr. Einstein would not have invited 
 them to his house. They are men actuated by noble pur 
 poses, and they are expending their mental energies and 
 defying the scorn of the world in the realization of their 
 dreams of purifying society and redeeming the nation." 
 
 "Do you not think, Mrs. Nehlmeyer, that this inflam 
 matory sheet will excite riots, and encourage the popu 
 lace to ignore law and order?" 
 
 "No," replied Mrs. Nehlmeyer; "I think, instead, that 
 it will inspire the masses with courage, form them into 
 lawful associations, and enable them to present their con 
 solidated forces at the polls, and demand their innate 
 rights from the despots who have long oppressed them." 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCFAN KJj. 
 
 "You surprise me !" exclaimed her companion. "Pray, 
 what right have those cads ?" 
 
 "The right to the wealth which they produce, a ~ight 
 to the fruit of their toil, a right to the ownership of their 
 persons and their powers, as The Flaming Sword has 
 well expressed the idea." 
 
 "Do you really believe, then, Mrs. Nehlmeyer, that 
 servants are equal to their masters ?" sweetly asked Mrs. 
 Reisan. "Why did not God make them wealthy if He in 
 tended them to be our equals ?" 
 
 "God does not make servants. That is the work of 
 men. It originated in usurpation," explained Mrs. Nehl 
 meyer. 
 
 "Well, for my part, I believe that some were born to 
 be lords and some to be slaves, and this is necessary for 
 the existence of society. If there were no menials, who 
 would wait on us ?" 
 
 "If there were no menials, we should be noble enough 
 to wait on ourselves, and consider it no disgrace. Labor 
 would be dignified, for the proudest in the land would 
 toil. We are drifting back to the corrupt civilization of 
 ancient Greece and Rome, when labor was stigmatized 
 with the brand of infamy, as we read in the histories of 
 those countries, imported by the Irish refugees; and we 
 do not marvel to see the most cultivated minds of those 
 days, such as Aristotle and Plato, teaching the ideas that 
 you have imbibed. I admire the spirit of the benign Zeno, 
 the founder of Stoicism, who said that All men are by na 
 ture equal. Virtue alone establishes a difference between 
 them. : 
 
 "Well/ replied Mrs. Reisan to this defense of human 
 equality, "you may think as you please, but the country will 
 never enjoy the blessings of peace and prosperity till we 
 undo the work of the Federal Government in the abolition 
 of slavery. I think that institution, hallowed by the touch 
 of time, and consecrated by the shadows of antiquity, 
 should never have been subverted. It is the bulwark of 
 civilization, the foundation of the social fabric, and I hope 
 to see the whipping-post again called into requisition, not 
 only for the dusky Cushites of the South, but for the poor 
 white trash of the nation." 
 
102; 
 
 ;BEYONf> TtfE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "Your hopes will never be realized in the glorious civ 
 ilization of our age, and especially in this country," re 
 plied her companion. "The last drop of Toadian blood 
 would be shed if any attempt were made to resort to those 
 barbarous customs, to the brutality that stained the buried 
 generations. You canot enthrall the citizens of this land 
 of freedom, and I emphatically denounce your views as 
 selfish and cruel." 
 
 "You think that Toadian citizens, as you call them, 
 will not submit to the lash ? Who made them citizens ? 
 Can we not change the constitution, disfranchise them 
 by establishing property qualifications for the rights of 
 voting? Your Toadian citizen, indeed! Mrs 1 . Gehthei- 
 mer just told me this evening that her husband lashed her 
 coachman the other day for remissness. I suppose he 
 thought that he was a Toadian citizen till he felt the lash 
 on his back, which forcibly reminded him that he was a 
 Toadian servant." 
 
 "O, yes, it is very easy to abuse a poor simpleton like 
 Ben, and any man who would take advantage of that ninny 
 is a varlet of the deepest dye. But perhaps Mr. Gehtheimer 
 is not to be censured, for he also receives the lash from his 
 vixenly consort. That disreputable virago is capable of 
 committing any crime. She is a child of vice, and she was 
 nurtured at the breast of degradation." 
 
 "Why, Mrs. Nehlmeyer! What do you say? Mrs. 
 Gehtheimer belongs to the social set." 
 
 "She belonged to the social set because her antece 
 dents were unknown there. Her mother was a public 
 woman in Sohonan, where she made her money by wor 
 shipping at the shrine of Aphrodite. Her daughter in 
 herited the same vocation from her scarlet dame, erected 
 a crystal palace, consecrated her youth and beauty on the 
 altar of lust, and officiated as high-priestess of the lupercal 
 festivities in the temple of Venus. When her fortune had 
 reached several millions, she came to Deboreh and passed 
 as the widow of a wealthy miner. Ebenezer Gehtheimer, 
 a poor lawyer, who never had a case in court, to escape 
 starvation, married her for her gold. And since then he 
 has acted as her agent in making investments, which have 
 multiplied her wealth many times. Even when she lived 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 103 
 
 a public life in Sohonan, she became interested in the gold 
 mines of the West, purchased large tracts of land, and 
 afterwards sold her possessions at a very high figure, and 
 thus made fabulous sums." After recounting these facts, 
 Mrs. Nehlmeyer said to her companion : "Now, you 
 have the history of this painted hypocrite, who apes aris 
 tocracy. My husband learned her antecedents when visit 
 ing Sohonan last year. Every one there is acquainted 
 with Eliza Hannon, the queen of the demi-monde, and 
 the same Eliza Hannon is now known in the social set as 
 Mrs. Gehtheimer. Mr. Einstein does not know of the 
 vileness of this woman, or she would not be here to-night. 
 I shall see, however, that he will be informed, and your 
 goddess, Mrs. Gehtheimer, will never again tarnish the 
 purity of the Einstein home with the poison of her breath. 
 Good-evening, madam !" and Mrs. Nehlmeyer walked 
 away from her companion. 
 
 The night had almost vanished and the guests, after a 
 delightful entertainment, began to depart, each one assur 
 ing the hostess that the occasion would be long remem 
 bered in the social annals of Deboreh. The two reformers 
 drove to the hotel, and before retiring, they smoked a 
 cigar and commented on the events of the levee. 
 
 "I think, Mac," said Isaac, "that Mrs. Gehtheimer is a 
 termagant." 
 
 "She is a half-educated, pompous old hag, who is too 
 superficial to know her deficiencies, and who has not 
 enough sense to hide her ignorance," said McGillicuddy. 
 "My God ! I d hate to be married to that one ! I bet 
 her husband never doubts the existence of hell, for he has 
 it right at home." 
 
 "By the way, Gil, that reminds me of a little incident 
 that occurred one night at a spiritualistic seance in 
 Baron. Mr. Lohlstcin married a woman of a tempestuous, 
 supercilous temperament, and she made his life miserable. 
 After his death, like all pharisaical women, she went into 
 hysterics, and pretended that she wished to be buried with 
 her husband. Of course, everybody was disgusted with 
 the hypocrisy of the old dame, for it was well known that 
 she had never loved him. One night, about six months 
 after the funeral, she thought that she would like to have 
 
104 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 a few words with Jacob, and she consulted a medium. It 
 is reported that the shade of Jacob appeared, and his 
 widow asked him if he were happy. Mind you, she was 
 already engaged to another at the same time. The voice 
 of Jacob was heard to say that he was happy. Are you 
 as happy as you were with me? she asked. O, yes/ he 
 said, far happier than I was with you. Then I suppose 
 you are in Heaven? she asked. No/ said he, I am in 
 hell. 
 
 After the laughter that followed this recital had ceased, 
 Isaac said : 
 
 "Don t you know that when you mentioned love, I 
 thought of my experience this evening? To be honest, 
 Mac, I believe there is something in love, after all. I felt 
 mighty funny when I was in company with Miss Biddy." 
 
 "I can sympathize with you, for my heart throbbed 
 every time I looked into the liquid depths of those beauti 
 ful orbs of Miss Mary Ann," said McGillicuddy, with a 
 laugh in his voice. "In fact, Gil, I believe I m struck 
 that s the word, isn t it?" 
 
 "Well," said Isaac, "we may console ourselves that we 
 have two such handsome girls to love." 
 
 "By the way, Gil, what is love?" 
 
 "I would call it an intangible substance that has nei 
 ther height, depth nor breadth, yet leaves a mighty weight 
 on the heart." 
 
 "That is good," said Abraham, "but I think I can give 
 a better definition than the one you offered." 
 
 "Give it to us, then," said his companion. 
 "Love," said McGillicuddy, "love is an inward inde- 
 scribableness and an outward all-overishness." 
 
 "That is capital, Mac ! Let us now go to bed, and 
 dream of our sweethearts," and the friends retired to rest 
 a few hours. 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 In the month of May, 1855, on tne shores of the 
 Nashan, in the kingdom of Dan, a dreamer was wander- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN IO$ 
 
 ing through the realms of fancy, and his mystic wand 
 struck an empire, and it faded like the mirage of the 
 desert. He saw in his heated, fervid imagination, insur 
 rection, victory, power. He saw all peoples crouching at 
 the throne of his royal queen, and all the nations vanish 
 ing before the onward march of a world-wide empire. 
 Lord Aran drove to the lovely city park in the suburbs of 
 Hosea. The winged songsters were caroling their matin 
 lays amidst the leafy bowers, chanting their praises to 
 Him who made the glorious universe. The car of Phoe 
 bus rolled across the purple space on wheels of glittering 
 gold, and the smiles of the young day chased the frowns 
 from hill and vale and mead and field. The gauzy veils 
 of floating vapor arose from the briny flood, like Thetis, 
 the daughter of the Sea. The morning air was balmy and 
 fragrant with the breath of budding life. The scent of 
 flowers floated on the wing of the breeze, and filled every 
 living soul with joy. The woods were alive with the voice 
 of the Dryads, and the song of the Nymphs mingled with 
 the splash of the fountains, and the gush of limpid rills. 
 Lord Aran was not moved by the radiant smile of nature, 
 but like the ancient hero, immoralized by the harp of the 
 Grecian bard, "In his black thoughts revenge and slaugh 
 ter roll, and scenes of blood rise dreadful in his soul." 
 
 "Yes," said the haughty nobleman, "we will humble 
 the pride of this youthful nation that dare check the 
 growth of our empire. The late message of the President 
 of Toadia is an insult to our arms. This Jechonias Doc 
 trine ! We will not be hampered by such nonsense. We 
 cannot conquer them, for a Toadian will die for his coun 
 try and his home. Our hopes were blasted in the Revolu 
 tion ; and in the battle of the seas, where we had been 
 crowned as queen by the voice of the nations, our ships 
 went down before the desolating fire of their mighty guns. 
 We failed again in the rebellion of 1826, when we thought 
 that the days of the Toadian Republic were numbered, and 
 the Danish flag was destined to float in triumph over the 
 towers of Lidda. But the symbol of the Confederacy fled 
 from the dark and bloody ground, and the banner of unity 
 was hailed from the frozen banks of Zedad to the golden 
 sands of the Doric Gulf. 
 
IO6 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "But we have crushed them financially. To-day we 
 own fifteen billion dollars of Todian wealth from which we 
 draw an annual income of one billion five hundred mill 
 ions. The Toadians are a lot of big boys, that will fight for 
 glory, but they have no idea of finance. A child could 
 deceive them in a business transaction. Besides they never 
 utilize their advantages. They boast of honor, and if you 
 strike them on that point, you can gain any object. 
 Honor ! As if such a virtue existed anywhere but among 
 imbeciles ! I wouldn t give a penny for all the honor in 
 the world ! It is the ruin of men and nations. However, 
 it is well that there are so^ many fools that can be flattered 
 by that empty name, for wise men can suceed by their 
 mistakes. 
 
 "Yes, we are excluded from South Toadia, because the 
 citizens of the Toadian Republic think that they are in 
 honor bound to defend the Jechonias Doctrine. Had it 
 not been for that damnable opinion, the Danish Lion 
 to-day would roam the forests of the South, unmolested 
 by the cry of the Eagle from the North. But we will use 
 Toadian honor to our advantage. In its name we will 
 demolish the Jechonias Doctrine, and the king of beasts 
 will conquer the earth, and the queen of birds will sweep 
 the heavens. By a little chicanery, by soft, oily adulation, 
 we will gain the confidence of the Eagle, and draw her into 
 the mouth of the lion, and Todian honor will be lost in 
 Danish empire. 
 
 "They call their country the land of the brave, and 
 boast that their flag has led the sons of freedom to the 
 temple of victory. We will use this puerile sentiment in 
 advancing our intrigues. We will send our emissaries to 
 Ammon, and incite the inhabitants of that island to re 
 bellion against the government of Reuben. Of course, 
 the Toadians will lend their support to the insurrection, 
 which will bring on a war between the two countries, and 
 will culminate in the annexation of Ammon to the Toadian 
 Republic, and the Jechonias Doctrine will be annulled by 
 its violation, arid the lion will be at liberty to roam through 
 the jungles of the New World. I will mature this plan 
 and before fifteen years the empire of the sea will become 
 the empire of the world. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN IO7 
 
 "O, my heart leaps with joy when looking down the 
 vistas of the years, I see the blood of the Toadian heroes 
 mingling with the waters that lave the shores of Ammon, 
 the clash of fleets on the swelling surge, the shrieks of 
 death that come from sinking ships driven to destruction 
 in the battle s awful fury. March on, ye haughty sons of 
 freedom, march on to your graves in the liquid depths, 
 where your bodies will feed the aquatic broods. March 
 on, ye sons of the revolutionists, who humbled our flag 
 on your distant hills and shed the blood of our ancestors in 
 your deep defiles, and left them a prey to vultures that 
 build their eyries on the lofty mountain peaks. March 
 on, ye vain gasconades, ye vaunting band of guerillas, ye 
 ignorant hordes of mountaineers, ye progeny of rebels 
 and traitors, ye offsprings of the proletaire, who would 
 aspire to noble rank. We will cheer ye on to battle, and in 
 our hearts laugh at your stupidity. We will pretend to be 
 friends, forget the past and call ye by the endearing name 
 of cousins, give a few empty titles to your moneyed 
 canaille, and win their love and confidence. If the world 
 consolidates its ranks against you, we will join the mighty 
 armament and be the loudest in denouncing your atroci 
 ties, tear down the pillars of your temple, and hurl an 
 athemas on your guilty head. If you succeed, we will 
 beguile you into an alliance with us, urge you to crown 
 the brow of your ruler with the royal diadem, and ere 
 long, by intermarriage with our regal house, the scepter 
 of Dan will rule the empire of the West. Great and glori 
 ous are these dreams of future power and conquest ! They 
 are worthy of the ancient bard who built the throne of 
 Osiris amidst gleams and flames of purple light that roll 
 in glittering billows in that vast realm of spheres that 
 fleck and jewel and spangle the broad firmament of 
 heaven. Homer, revelling with Grecian gods on the 
 cloud-capped peaks of Olympus, never drank more freely 
 from Aganippe s silvery tide, and the Muse of the frozen 
 North might leave the marble halls of Valhalla, where 
 heroes celebrate their triumphs amidst regal splendor, and 
 borrow the visions begotten in the womb of Danish 
 genius, and fill her soul with the inspirations of the god 
 dess enthroned on the borders of the western main." 
 
108 BEYONK THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 CHAPTER XL 
 
 The Presidential election was to occur in November, 
 A new issue came before the people. Hitherto, the great 
 questions were protection and free trade. The defenders 
 of the latter were called liberals, and they advocated that 
 it was to the interest of the Republic to allow all nations 
 to sell their merchandise to the dealers of Toadia without 
 any restrictions, except a moderate tariff for the purpose 
 of creating a revenue to defray governmental expenses. 
 The protectionists claimed that the infant industries of the 
 country should be protected by the imposition of a high 
 tariff on foreign importations, and they argued that the 
 manufacturer, not being compelled to cope with the cheap 
 labor of New Israel, could afford to remunerate his opera 
 tives with higher wages. High tariff, in their creed, meant 
 high wages, and a low tariff meant low wages. The lib 
 erals contended that low tariff meant low prices for the 
 necessaries of life, and with a modest compensation, the 
 laborer could easily provide himself with all comforts ; 
 whereas the more advanced wages promised by the pro 
 tectionists would be consumed in the increased price of 
 food and clothing. 
 
 The laboring element were divided in their opinion as 
 to the merits of the two political doctrines. Some voted 
 for the liberal party and others for the protectionists ; and, 
 hence, their power in wielding the franchise for the 
 amelioration of social conditions was lost. In 1855, the 
 liberals adopted in their platform the unlimited coinage 
 of silver on a par with gold at the ratio of sixteen to one ; 
 and the protectionists vowed to maintain the sound money 
 standard. The labor party was again absorbed by the 
 silverites and gold bugs. "The Flaming Sword" took an 
 active part in the campaign, and admonished the laboring 
 classes to sever allegiance with the old political creeds, 
 and formulate a platform that would advance the interests 
 of the producers. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN IOQ 
 
 One evening in August, Isaac and Abraham called at 
 the Einstein house, where they had been weekly visitors 
 ever since their attendance at the levee, when they had 
 met for the first time Misses Biddy and Mary Ann. The 
 large double parlors were brilliantly illuminated, and the 
 two young ladies were waiting for their lovers. The door 
 bell rang, and Gilhooley and McGillicuddy were ushered 
 into the drawing-room, where they found the bewitching 
 damsels engaged in rendering the latest musical compo 
 sition. Isaac took a seat beside Biddy, and Abraham oc 
 cupied a sociable with Mary Ann in the next parlor. 
 
 "By the way, Isaac," said Miss Biddy, "I see The 
 Flaming Sword is dealing quite comprehensively with 
 the financial question. I have been reading your com 
 munications, but I do not thoroughly grasp the situation, 
 and I wish to ask a few questions this evening, if you will 
 favor me with your information." 
 
 "Why, certainly, Miss Biddy, I am only too glad of the 
 opportunity. What particular information do you de 
 sire?" 
 
 "Well," said she, "I do not understand the full import 
 of the exception clause." 
 
 Isaac s admiring glance rested for a moment on the 
 bright, intelligent face turned so confidingly toward him ; 
 then he began : 
 
 "An act was passed in 1827 issuing greenbacks to de 
 fray the expenses of the war, and this money was legal 
 tender for all debts. It was the money of the government. 
 Within a few months, the bankers had the exception 
 clause passed, in virtue of which the government money 
 was not available in payment of duties and interest on 
 public debts, which was to be paid in coin. At that time 
 there was one hundred and eighty-five premium on gold, 
 and there was seventy-six cents duty on sugar. Now the 
 importer would pay two dollars and sixteen cents in green 
 backs for seventy-six cents in gold, and instead of paying 
 one dollar and seventy-six cents for his sugar, he actually 
 paid three dollars and sixteen cents, or one dollar and 
 forty cents more than he would have paid if greenbacks 
 were a legal tender for all debts without exception. The 
 gold banker could take the two dollars and sixteen cents. 
 
1 10 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 paid by the importer for seventy-six cents, and buy, with 
 that, government bonds at face value, and draw his in 
 terest in gold. Besides these advantages accruing to the 
 gold banker, there was a great demand created for his 
 metal, which immediately enhanced its value." 
 
 "You have made it so clear that I comprehend it thor 
 oughly," said his fair listener. "Now you must explain 
 what is meant by the contraction of the currency." 
 
 "Immediately after the war," continued Isaac, "the 
 greenbacks were called in and cremated, thus contracting 
 the volume of money in circulation." 
 
 "What effect did this act produce?" questioned Miss 
 Einstein. 
 
 "It depreciated prices and caused the financial ruin of 
 every debtor in the country. Mr. Sampson, we will pre 
 sume for the sake of illustration, has purchased a farm 
 for ten thousand dollars, when corn was six dollars a 
 barrel. He paid five thousand dollars in cash and gives 
 his note for the remainder. Corn has now fallen to three 
 dollars a barrel, and consequently it will take twice the 
 amount of corn now that it would have taken previously to 
 the contraction of the currency." 
 
 "That is a very clear illustration," commented the 
 girl. "Now tell me what is the credit strengthening act. 
 You are my tutor, and I am going to utilize the privilege 
 of a tyro, and ask many questions." 
 
 "That is right, Miss Biddy ; I am at your service," an 
 swered Isaac, gallantly. "The credit strengthening act 
 was passed by Congress in 1833 in virtue of which the 
 bonds sold at sixty per cent., and made payable in coin, 
 that is, either gold or silver, were now made payable in 
 gold alone. Finally the demonetization of silver was ac 
 complished by the intrigue of Danish capitalists, who 
 sent an agent to this country with millions of dollars to 
 bribe Congress. Gold was made the money standard, 
 and the circulation of silver was contracted." 
 
 "What results followed the demonetization of the white 
 metal?" asked she. 
 
 "There has been an increased demand for the yellow 
 metal, and consequently, its quantity being limited, the 
 price has been enhanced and all commodities measured by 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN III 
 
 that standard have fallen proportionately. When gold 
 and silver were on a par, wheat was worth one dollar per 
 bushel. Since the limitation of silver coinage, its function 
 in the money market has been curtailed, and its value has 
 depreciated fifty per cent, and the result is that all articles 
 of consumption have fallen fifty per cent. Twenty years 
 ago a bushel of wheat would pay interest on twenty dol 
 lars, and now it will pay interest on only ten dollars. 
 Debtors have been ruined and creditors have made for 
 tunes by the lestrictions imposed on the coinage of silver, 
 and the removal of those restrictions would depress the 
 value of money and elevate the value of commodities, and 
 thereby give the producer an opportunity to meet his ob 
 ligations and discharge the burdens that encumber his 
 home." 
 
 "Do you mean that free silver would solve the social 
 problem ?" 
 
 "By no means. It would have no effect on the labor 
 problem. It would assist the debtor, by enabling him 
 to discharge his obligations at a discount of fifty per cent, 
 and it would curb the power of the creditor class by reduc 
 ing the value of their bonds. It would be no injustice to 
 those who invested in bonds, or lent money, when the 
 two metals were on a par at the ratio of sixteen to one ; 
 for the, bonds purchased in those days would, by the un 
 limited coinage of silver, fall to the original purchase 
 price. In fact, justice requires that debts contracted when 
 the coinage of both metals were restricted by no legal en 
 actments, and were legal tender for all debts, should be 
 paid in either metal. With the facilities of mining, silver 
 has fallen, and with the multiplication of machinery, all 
 other products have depreciated accordingly. If silver 
 had not been demonetized, gold, though limited in quan 
 tity, would likewise have depreciated in value in the same 
 ratio as other commodities ; and to-day one bushel of 
 wheat would pay a debt which now requires two bushels 
 of wheat to pay. Gold was adopted as the money stand 
 ard simultaneously by all the countries of New Israel, and 
 the great demand for gold has kept up the price of the yel 
 low metal. However, we will offer another illustration. I 
 will presume that I lent you one thousand dollars in gold 
 
112 BEYOND TEE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 this year when the commercial value of a gold dollar is 
 worth one hundred cents. The free silver bill is passed, 
 and you can take five hundred gold dollars and buy one 
 thousand ounces of silver bullion, practically speaking, 
 and have this bullion coined into one thousand silver 
 dollars, and thus you make, and I lose, five hundred dol 
 lars. Do you see the injustice that would be done to me ?" 
 
 "No," said Biddy. "I do not understand your illus 
 tration. A silver dollar will buy just as much as a gold 
 dollar." 
 
 "Yes," replied Isaac, "because the government has 
 charge of the mints, and limits the coinage of silver to a 
 certain quantity, and thus it keeps up the money price of 
 silver. But remove the limitations of coinage and silver 
 will fall from its money value to its commercial price. As 
 an illustration : The South Toadian silver dollars are 
 only worth fifty cents here, though they contain as much 
 silver as our silver dollars." 
 
 "Well, the coinage of gold is not limited," said Biddy, 
 "and yet it does not fall in price." 
 
 "For the simple reason," responded Isaac, "that gold 
 is scarce, and all the mining facilities of the world could 
 not create a superabundance of the yellow metal, whereas 
 silver abounds in many countries, especially in our own, 
 and with our modern mechanical appliances, the nation 
 would soon be flooded with silver, and the price would 
 fall to its bullion value, and the ratio between the bullion 
 value of silver and gold is thirty to one. If the silverites 
 would consent to the coinage of a silver dollar that con 
 tains one hundred cents in bullion, there would be no 
 injustice in the movement, but they show their dishon 
 esty in attempting to palm off half dollars for whole dol 
 lars. The law demonetizing silver was an unjust law, for 
 it discriminated in favor of gold, thereby increasing the 
 wealth of those who held bonds and other securities ; but 
 we must not rectify one wrong by perpetrating another 
 wrong. The creation of the gold standard was an injus 
 tice to those who were in debt, and the unlimited coinage 
 of silver at the ratio of sixteen to one is an injustice to 
 the creditor class, who have made this money when a 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 113 
 
 dollar was worth one hundred cents, and who are now 
 paid in a coin worth only fifty cents." 
 
 "So you think that the silver bill would benefit no one 
 except those in debt ?" 
 
 "It would help the debtor class and would temporarily 
 check the power of the creditor class, but in the course of 
 time, the same difficulties would arise under the silver 
 standard as we now experience under the gold standard. 
 And it would not relieve the present strained condition of 
 the laboring class. It would raise the wages of the toilers 
 for the simple reason that their wages would be paid in 
 cheap money, and this inflated currency would have but 
 half the purchasing power of gold, and the condition of the 
 laborer would remain the same. You must bear in mind 
 that wages does not depend on capital, that industry is 
 not limited by capital, and the solution of the problem 
 would be seen at a glance. The writers on political econ 
 omy were confronted with the fact that wages were higher 
 in new countries than in old countries, in sparsely popu 
 lated countries than in densely populated countries. In 
 crease in productive power and wealth was marked by de 
 preciation of wages. The theory that wages depends on 
 capital would answer this difficulty, for wages must de 
 crease according as the increase of laborers necessitated a 
 more minute division of capital. But there was a moral 
 side to this question, and Reman won the esteem and ap 
 plause of every government in New Israel when he at- 
 tribted the poverty that follows the march of progress to 
 natural causes instead of social mal-adjustments. This 
 famous divine advocated that population increases in a 
 geometrical ratio, and the means of subsistence in an 
 arithmetical ratio. Let us call, he says, the population 
 of this island eleven millions, and suppose the present 
 produce equal to support that number. In the first 
 twenty-five years the population has doubled itself, and 
 there are now twenty-two millions. The means of sub 
 sistence has also doubled, and it will support the popula 
 tion. The next twenty-five years the population has 
 increased to forty-four millions and the means of sub 
 sistence to thirty-three millions. The next twenty-five 
 years the population has increased to eighty-eight mill- 
 
Il4 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 ions, and the means of subsistence will only support half 
 that number. Taking the whole earth instead of this island, 
 emigration would be excluded, and supposing the present 
 population equal to one thousand millions, the human 
 species would increase as the numbers, I, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 
 64, 128, 256, and subsistence as 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. In 
 two centuries the population would be to the means of 
 subsistence as 256 is to 9, and in three centuries as 4,096 
 is to 13. The theory of wages advanced by Mitheim 
 maintains that wages falls as the increase in the number 
 of laborers necessitates a more minute division of capital, 
 and according to the Remanian doctrine, poverty appears 
 as increase in population necessitates the more minute di 
 vision of subsistence. It is easily seen that these two 
 theories are substantially identical. 
 
 "Reman advocated that any act of charity, the estab 
 lishment of asylums for the poor, aged, infirm, orphans, 
 etc., was detrimental to the human race, as it encouraged 
 marriage on the part of those who were not in a position 
 to provide for a family, as they know they and their fam 
 ilies would be supported by public alms in case of neces 
 sity. The theory of Mitheim and Reman are responsible 
 for all the social crimes of the past century. 
 
 "What disproves the Remanian theory is the fact that 
 the most densely populated countries are the wealthiest. 
 They have the greatest abundance of those articles that 
 gratify human desires. Dan is far more wealthy than 
 Reuben, the eastern States of Toadia are far more wealthy 
 than the new States of the west. You may survey the 
 entire globe during all the ages of history, and the truth 
 confronts you that, with the increase of population, comes 
 an increase in wealth. The curse of poverty appearing in 
 old countries is not due to over-population, but to an un 
 just distribution of wealth. Rent, interest and profits ab 
 sorb the increase, and constantly depress wages. Until 
 these are abolished, every facility of production, every in 
 vention formed by human genius and manual skill, every 
 increase in the wealth of the nation, will not only not 
 alleviate the condition of labor, but will depress the wage- 
 earner more and more, till he seeks refuge in death. This 
 is the terrible crime which I have so fiercely denounced 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN II $ 
 
 and for which I have been arraigned as an anarchist. So 
 cialism would destroy the monopolization of opportuni 
 ties, and divert the money, which is now paid in rent, in 
 terest and profits, from the coffers of the landlord and 
 capitalist, to society." 
 
 "So you think that free silver would not have any last 
 ing results?" asked Miss Einstein. 
 
 "No, free silver would not effect even a temporary re 
 lief, except in certain lines, and even then its advantages 
 would not be permanent. Money is merely a contrivance 
 for diminishing the friction of exchange, and it is entirely 
 unproductive. It is true that it aids labor by facilitatng 
 exchange." 
 
 "Since money merely represents values, why could not 
 the government issue paper money instead of silver and 
 gold certificates ?" 
 
 "Simply because paper in itself has no value. If we 
 would make our paper money representative of something 
 that has value, say a bushel of wheat, a paper dollar would 
 serve the same purpose as a silver or gold dollar. In some 
 countries of antiquity, wealth was estimated by kine. 
 Taking a bushel of wheat for the standard of value, a man 
 who owns a thousand paper dollars, would be worth a 
 thousand bushels of wheat, and he could exchange those 
 dollars for any other commodity, since all wealth would 
 be measured by the value of wheat." 
 
 "But would not wheat fluctuate, and hence create 
 fluctuations in money ?" questioned the young lady. 
 
 "Wheat being taken as the standard of value," ex 
 plained Isaac, "all other articles would fluctuate accord 
 ing to the value of wheat, but the value of wheat would 
 remain permanent. I will give you an illustration. Let 
 us suppose that wheat is worth one dollar a bushel, and 
 corn fifty cents a bushel. The next year there is a mag 
 nificent crop of wheat, so that one bushel of this cereal 
 product has not cost any more labor than a bushel of corn. 
 Wheat will not fall to fifty cents a bushel, but the price of 
 corn will be advanced to one dollar a bushel. And so with 
 all other commodities." 
 
 "What article would you select as the standard of 
 value ? * 
 
Il6 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "I would establish a labor dollar. You see labor, after 
 all, is the basis of our money system. We call a certain 
 quantity of gold or silver, a dollar, because it requires a 
 certain amount of labor to secure those quantities. Now 
 there is a two-fold disadvantage in employing the precious 
 metals for money. In the first place, since the function of 
 money consists in representing values to facilitate ex 
 change, we should adopt a standard which does not cost 
 labor to procure, and make it represent a certain amount 
 of labor, so that it can be redeemed at any time in labor, 
 or the equivalent in commodities. Again, the precious 
 metals lose their weight by friction, and this is a loss with 
 out compensation/ 
 
 "But, Isaac, did you not say that wheat could be used 
 as a medium of exchange, and does not wheat cost labor ?" 
 inquired Biddy 
 
 "Yes," replied he, "but wheat, after being exchanged, 
 can be used as an article of food, whereas the precious 
 metals, as money, have no other quality besides their 
 representative character. If I owe you a thousand 
 bushels of wheat, I could give you certificates for that 
 amount, redeemable at any time in the granaries of the 
 nation. In the meantime, the wheat can be performing 
 its functions of preserving life. But if I pay you a thou 
 sand dollars in gold or silver certificates, those metals 
 cannot, in themselves, be used as articles of consump 
 tion." 
 
 "I understand you thoroughly now," said the girl. "I 
 see that the precious metals are expensive when used as 
 money. But you forgot to explain to me the labor dollar." 
 
 "As money represents labor," began Isaac, "let us call 
 two hours work a dollar, and issue paper money of that 
 character in small and large denominations. Those who 
 hold those certificates can purchase that amount of labor, 
 or they can exchange them for meat and clothes and other 
 articles of consumption ; for the merchant, receiving these 
 certificates, will be empowered to command the labor of 
 others. If the government wishes to construct a railroad 
 from Deboreh to Kidron, it could issue labor certificates, 
 and pay the men employed in the construction of the road 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 1 1/ 
 
 with these certificates, which would be accepted by any 
 merchant for his wares." 
 
 "But what would be the redemption of these certifi 
 cates ?" she interrupted. 
 
 The road, as these certificates represent the labor and 
 material in this road, and when the line is completed, the 
 certificates could be redeemed in service. 
 
 "O, that is so simple, Isaac !" remarked his charming 
 pupil. "It is so strange that I could not grasp that idea 
 at once." 
 
 Isaac smiled and said: 
 
 "You see, my dear girl, you are as yet young, and you 
 have not devoted your time exclusively to the study of 
 economics, and I do not intend to flatter you when I say 
 that your comprehension of my elucidations is remarkable. 
 In a few months you will be able to direct me." 
 
 "Thank you for the compliment, Isaac," said Miss 
 Einstein, "but do not allow me to interrupt your instruc 
 tions." 
 
 "We could buy the railroads of Toadia with labor dol 
 lars, and redeem them with work, and it would not be 
 necessary to issue bonds. If the roads should cost three 
 billion dollars, we could issue that amount in labor cer 
 tificates. These certificates would gradually pass back to 
 the railroad in payment of services, and, in the course of a 
 few years, the roads would be entirely free from debt. 
 
 "This species of currency would destroy the necessity 
 of paying interest, for the large industries of the nation 
 could be purchased and conducted by the nation with labor 
 money. Interest is usury, and should not be tolerated. If 
 there were no money, interest would be impossible, for 
 a person lending a hundred bushels of wheat would con 
 sider it a favor to have the same amount returned when 
 needed, for the borrower would assume all responsibility 
 of waste or loss, and the lender would be relieved of all 
 anxiety and trouble in preserving the wheat. Now let us 
 apply this to money, and we will see the injustice of in 
 terest. The wheat would not fructify and produce more 
 wheat if held in the grainary of the lender, neither will 
 money breed money in the safe of the banker." 
 
Il8 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "On what principle, then, did interest originate?" 
 queried Biddy. 
 
 On the principle that a person with money/ replied 
 Isaac, "can command labor, and as the value of labor is 
 far above the price of labor, a large profit results from 
 the transaction. Let us presume that I own a shoe fac 
 tory. I buy leather at a certain figure and I sell shoes at 
 another figure. The labor expended on the leather in 
 making it into shoes is the cause of the difference in the 
 price of the leather and the price of the shoes. Let us 
 presume that this difference is two dollars, and that the 
 wear and tear of the machinery in making the shoes en 
 tails a loss of twenty-five cents. The difference of one 
 dollar and seventy-five cents represent the value of the 
 labor expended in making the shoes. But if the operative 
 in the shoe factory should receive that value in full, there 
 would be no inducement to the manufacturer to continue 
 the business, since there would be no profits. But the 
 means of production are monopolized, and laborers are 
 willing to sell their services to those who own the estab 
 lishments. Labor becomes a commodity in the market, 
 and is sold, not according to its value, but according to 
 supply and demand. The price of labor is what it will 
 bring in the market. The price of labor can never exceed 
 or equal its value, for then it would be unprofitable to 
 hire labor ; but when there is large supply of labor, the 
 price may fall far below its value. 
 
 "The manufacturer hires an operative for a dollar per 
 day. The difference between the price and the value of 
 labor is the basis of profit, and it pays men to borrow 
 money and give interest, in order to be enabled to com 
 mand these profits. If a laborer is hired for one dollar 
 per day of ten hours, and he can earn that amount for his 
 employer in five hours, then he gives five hours of labor 
 free, and it is from this free labor that the employer makes 
 his profits. Therefore, interest and profits exist on the 
 exploitation of labor. Destroy the profit system, and no 
 one will pay interest for the use of money." 
 
 "I understand that part, Isaac, but I wish to ask you 
 one question. Did you not say that the precious metals 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN ii$ 
 
 depreciate in value owing to the loss of weight from fric 
 tion?" 
 
 "Yes, Miss Biddy." 
 
 "Well, then," continued the young lady, "would not the 
 product of labor, such as railroads, lose in wear ?" 
 
 "This is very true," responded the young editor, "but 
 the loss in wear is being constantly replaced by the ser 
 vices the road renders. Gold and silver render service in 
 facilitating exchange. Labor certificates render this ser 
 vice, and at the same time, the products represented by 
 the certificates, such as buildings, factories, railroads, ren 
 der a distinct service." 
 
 "Isaac, that is so lucid that a child could comprehend 
 it," said his companion. "But I have one objection to pre 
 sent. Labor has different values, and how would you sur 
 mount that difficulty ?" 
 
 "Very easily," replied Isaac. "We would take com 
 mon labor as the basis of our system, and we could cal 
 culate the value of skilled and professional labor, by add 
 ing a certain percentage to manual labor as a compensa 
 tion for the necessary time and expense in acquiring 
 superior knowledge. We will suppose that common labor 
 is worth five dollars per day, and there are three hundred 
 working days in the year. We will further presume that 
 it requires two years to learn the printer s trade, during 
 which time the apprentice receives nothing for his labor. 
 The common laborer has made three thousand dollars be 
 fore the printer obtains any compensation for his skill. 
 Taking thirty years for the average life of a laborer, the 
 printer should receive one hundred dollars per year, or 
 ten per cent more wages than the unskilled laborer. 
 Again, we might make all labor equal, and shorten the 
 hours of the working day for the mechanic, and this would 
 be sufficient compensation and inducement for young men 
 to apply themselves to some trade." 
 
 "That is very plain, Isaac, and if you will answer one 
 more objection, I will gladly surrender," said the youth 
 ful student. 
 
 "With pleasure, Miss Biddy. I like to meet objec 
 tions, for they brine^ out the beauties of the questions. 
 What is the difficulty?" 
 
120 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "As society advances, the powers of production will be 
 enhanced, and a dollar redeemable with a certain quantity 
 of labor will gradually have a greater purchasing power. 
 Would not the same effect follow as when the demonetiza 
 tion of silver was accomplished, which augmented the 
 purchasing power of gold ?" 
 
 "By no means," replied Isaac. "The case is entirely 
 different. The augmentation of the purchasing power of 
 gold had no effect on those people who did business on a 
 cash basis, but only on the debtor and creditor class, 
 whereas in the co-operative commonwealth, borrowing 
 and lending would entirely cease, and there would be no 
 debtor or creditor class. Again, the price of gold ad 
 vanced in value owing to its limited supply, and the gov 
 ernment s passing a law in favor of the single standard, 
 the possession of the yellow metal soon became a monoply 
 in the hands of bankers and bond-holders. But labor, 
 being unlimited in its supply, can never be monopolized, 
 and since labor is essential to human existence, its supply 
 will always equal the desires of human nature. The product 
 of labor is the value of labor, and if a day s labor will 
 produce ten dollars of merchandise instead of five dollars, 
 we say that labor has advanced in value/ 
 
 "Yes, I see that," said the thoughtful maiden, "but the 
 difficulty is not yet solved to my satisfaction. Mr. Belder- 
 heim has stock in the trusts of this country to the value of 
 two hundred million dollars. Now the government pur 
 chasing his stock will pay him, and heirs, we will say, 
 two milions annually for one hundred years. A century 
 from now, two hours labor will produce as much as ten 
 hours labor, with our means of production. Therefore, 
 the heirs of Mr. Belderheim will receive five times the 
 amount due to them in the enhanced efficiency of labor." 
 "Oh, now I see your objection !" exclaimed Isaac. 
 "That can easily be remedied. The time of labor in a labor 
 dollar will be regulated according to the hours in a work 
 ing day. The working day at present is about ten hours. 
 When the waste from useless competition is eliminated by 
 the government ownership of the great industries, the 
 present working power, laboring five hours per day, will 
 supply the nation with all luxuries. The working day be- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 12! 
 
 ing reduced one-half, the time of labor in a labor dollar 
 will be reduced to one hour. When the industries of the 
 nation are throughly systemized, the working day will be 
 reduced to two and one-half hours, and the time in a labor 
 dollar will be reduced correspondingly. As labor will be 
 employed only for the purpose of supplying the require 
 ments of the nation, the working day w r ill be diminished 
 with every advance in the efficiency of labor and the facil 
 ity of production; and the time in a labor dollar will be 
 likewise decreased." 
 
 "Isaac, that is so clear, but you must pardon me for 
 imposing on your patience. Since we have been discussing 
 this phase of the question, another difficulty presents 
 itself. How can we transact business with foreign nations 
 unless we adopt the precious metals as a money stand 
 ard?" 
 
 "If we keep in mind the function of money, the diffi 
 culty will vanish immediately. Money is a medium of 
 exchange, and we seek money because we can exchange it 
 for all those articles that satisfy human desires. Since our 
 labor dollar will buy any commodity produced by the 
 nation, foreign traders can exchange it for our products 
 in the markets of the world, and also for the products of 
 all other countries, as the merchants accepting our cur 
 rency can use it in making other purchases, and it will 
 finally flow back into this government to be redeemed by 
 labor." 
 
 Biddy smiled and said : 
 
 "Isaac, my difficulties are ridiculous when I hear your 
 lucid explanations. I shall now read again the back num 
 bers of The Flaming Sword, where you have so ably 
 treated the financial questions." 
 
 "And when I come again," said Isaac, "I hope that you 
 will engage my attention with the presentation of difficul 
 ties as you have done this evening. I cannot say that I 
 have ever enjoyed more real pleasure in my life. It is so 
 gratifying to observe the interest you take in the great 
 problems of the age." 
 
 As it was now ten o clock, the two young men bade 
 good-night to their sweethearts and wended their way 
 home. 
 
122 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "Say, Gil," said McGillicuddy, "do you know that 
 Teddv Einstein is desperately in love with Lucile Gehthei- 
 mer?" 
 
 "The daughter of that old hag we met at the levee?" 
 asked Isaac. 
 
 "The very one," said Abraham, "and the Einsteins are 
 furious." 
 
 "Well, I sympathize with them. I would not have that 
 old dame for a mother-in-law for all the gold in the world. 
 Did Mary Ann tell you that this evening?" 
 
 "Yes, while you and Biddy were discussing politics, 
 Mary Ann and 1 w ere speaking of domestic affairs." 
 
 "Domestic affairs?" repeated Isaac. "Why you must 
 be progressing very rapidly, since you are making prepar 
 ations for housekeeping." 
 
 "O, no ! it is not that far yet. However, there is a 
 silent understanding between us that creates a mutual in 
 terest." 
 
 "We must have a conference with Teddy," said Isaac, 
 "and dissuade him from paying attention to Miss 
 Gehtheimer. By Joe ! it is possible that Ted may be a 
 brother-in-law some day, and I would loathe to have him 
 connected with that rude woman." 
 
 "Oh-ho ! So you are thinking of engaging new quar 
 ters? By Jingo! Gil, you are a sly coon!" 
 
 And the two friends laughed heartily and entering the 
 hotel, they retired to their rooms. 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Ezachias Rosenberger and his son-in-law, Lord Uriah, 
 who had arrived the evening before in a Danish ship, had 
 finished their breakfast and retired to the library to enjoy 
 the fumes of a cigar. The sun was sending his golden 
 shafts through the costly windows, and filling the room 
 with iridescent hues. The rich tapestry that decorated the 
 wails, the artistic moulding of the ceiling, the superb fur- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN I3 
 
 niture, the rare collection of books, the handsome Ori 
 ental rugs that covered the floor, were unmistakable in 
 dications of wealth. The morning papers contained an 
 account of the insurrection which had broken out in 
 Ammon. 
 
 The two men took their hats and canes and went for a 
 walk by the sea-shore. As they wandered along among 
 the toilers on the streets, they could see hunger and dis 
 tress in their faces, but misery never appealed to the heart 
 of Dives. They approached the strand, and they heard a 
 group of idlers discussing the labor problem, and they 
 stopped merely to hear the conversation, pretending that 
 they were reading the papers, which they had taken with 
 them. One of the men said that the condition of the wage- 
 earners is growing worse every year. Another claimed 
 that unless the government act quickly in suppressing 
 the trusts, and in finding employment with fair compensa 
 tion for the toilers, a revolution would drench the nation 
 with blood. A third commented on the last issue of "The 
 Flaming Sword," which ruthlessly excoriated Rosen- 
 berger, the coal king. A fourth denounced the million 
 aire, and said that he was revelling in luxuries at the ex 
 pense of his half-paid employes. "His daughter is cutting 
 quite a swath in Danish society, and the old fellow is 
 sending her millions every year to keep her worthless hus 
 band out of debt. He is the most extravagant spendthrift 
 in Dan, and when he married Miss Rosenberger he did 
 not own one dollar. That cur has no respect for Toadian 
 blood, and the Rosenbergers would sell their country s 
 honor for a Danish title. That is the class of people who 
 are driving this country to destruction." 
 
 "Well," put in a fifth speaker, "I think Gilhooley and 
 McGillicuddy will bring the trouble to a crisis before long. 
 The Flaming Sword invades every district, and every 
 where reform clubs are being organized. The laboring ele 
 ment heretofore has been working in vain. The unions did 
 a great deal to keep up wages, but the time is fast coming 
 when unions will be powerless. Machinery and the trusts 
 combined will dispense with two-thirds of the labor now 
 employed, and then the struggle for existence will be 
 fierce, and the unions can do nothing to alleviate the dis- 
 
124 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 tresses of life. Suppose all the laborers in the nation were 
 organized, and there were five or ten men for every posi 
 tion, what can they do? Compete with each other or 
 starve." 
 
 "Why not lessen the hours of a work day ?" suggested 
 one. 
 
 "That would solve the difficulty if the employers would 
 agree to adopt the measure. But if they will not yield, 
 the laborers are at their mercy. Only the government can 
 make these reforms, but the government is now con 
 trolled by the money power. The Flaming Sword is 
 forming a new party, known as Socialism, and when this 
 party is strong enough to elect a President and Congress, 
 the friends of labor, the friends of humanity, will have it 
 in their power to pass laws which will guarantee to every 
 man the product of his labor." 
 
 Ezachias Rosenberger and his son-in-law moved on a 
 few hundred paces, and sat down on a bench and began 
 to muse on the flowing tide that washed the sands of the 
 beach. The bay was to the right, and the masts of the 
 ocean steamers werepointing to the skies, and sails of many 
 vessels were spread to the breeze. 
 
 "On these shores," said Rosenberger, "na*y, on you 
 mighty rock, our fathers landed two hundred years ago, 
 and for five generations they humbly and gladly submit 
 ted to the gentle yoke of their mother country. Toadia 
 became the home of the sturdy sons of toil, and the daunt 
 less spirit of enterprise filled the forest glades and moun 
 tain dells. But bands of rebels fled from the old world, 
 and, associating with the loyal children of Dan, cor 
 rupted the morals of the people, and completely changed 
 their character. They would not be rulel by an alien 
 power, they said. They would be represented in the royal 
 government. They would have their rights. They would 
 be independent ! O independence ! Is it independence 
 for a son to rebel against the authority of his father, and 
 burn the paternal roof, and murder his ancient sire ? And 
 such was the independence of the revolutionists. 
 
 "Yon distant hill recalls the crime of a nation when the 
 first cannon of insurrection boomed on its summit. For 
 years our fathers, goaded on by a horde- of Ephraimites 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 12$ 
 
 and other lawless tribes engaged in a matricidal war 
 which resulted in the establishment of the Toadian Re 
 public. We hear much about the goddess of liberty. Yes, 
 it is liberty to start riots, and burn houses, and slaughter 
 innocent people in the streets ! Had the empire of Dan 
 been perpetuated in this country, I, and others of my 
 class, would be knighted lords and titled earls. We would 
 be honored and obeyed by the plebeian herds, that now 
 question our authority, and violate our mandates. The 
 lazy varlets that are abusing us, and imprecating curses 
 on the government, should be tied to the tail of a cart and 
 whipped through the streets of Engeddi. 
 
 The common people are not allowed to talk that way 
 in New Israel. The Danites always predicted that our 
 Republic would prove a failure, and recent events show 
 the wisdom of their prophecy. The idea that people are 
 able to govern themselves ! Only educated, intelligent, 
 wealthy people should be enfranchised. The Creator in 
 tended that one class should rule and the other obey. Why, 
 these rebels even quote the doctrines of the Nazarene to 
 sustain their opinion. Those books of Christianity im 
 ported to this country by that band of Irish refugees, who 
 should have been shot the day they landed, have done in 
 calculable harm. It is true that much can be construed to 
 support our claims, such as the advice of Paul, telling 
 servants to be obedient to their masters ; but yet there is 
 much in Christianity that favors independence, for exam 
 ple, the teaching that all men are equal, inculcating the 
 brotherhood of man ; and those accursed principles have 
 had a potent influence on the ignorant masses. The only 
 salvation for our country is the royal scepter. 
 
 "Regal power is begotten in Heaven, and it is the only 
 divinely established government. All through our sacred 
 books we read of kings, but not a word about presidents. 
 Earth should be like unto Heaven, where the multitude 
 stand in awe before the radiant throne. There was never 
 but one strike in Heaven, and the strikers were at once 
 cast out into exterior darkness. They were hurled like 
 stones from the battlements of the royal city into liquid 
 flames and their torments shall ascend forever and ever. 
 The decisive step taken by the Omnipotent Ruler struck 
 
126 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 terror into the hearts of the rebellious spirits, and since 
 that time not a murmur has ever marred the peace and 
 bliss of the Eternal Kingdom. 
 
 "But how can we establish an empire here on the foun 
 dation of a Republic ? There are no qualifications for citi 
 zenship except birth and naturalization, and the franchise 
 is enjoyed by every citizen. However, we could bribe the 
 electors, and by their co-operation have our choice pro 
 claimed President, and then we could bribe Congress 
 and the Senate to crown him with the royal diadem. This 
 could all be accomplished by a liberal expenditure, for 
 we have succeeded in buying the services of State Legis 
 latures and the national government for years, and by the 
 agency of legal enactments we have been enabled to mul 
 tiply our wealth until now we own the country. But I 
 fear that any attempt to enthrone monarchy on the Altar 
 of Liberty, as it is vainly and erroneously styled, would 
 precipitate a civil war. Our present standing army is too 
 insignificant to crush an insurrection, and we dare not 
 increase it in time of peace. The canaille would clamor 
 against a mighty armed force unless required to defend 
 the honor of the nation. Have they not already boldly 
 asserted that it is one of the glories of a free government 
 that it is not taxed like monarchial countries in support 
 ing idle men for the sake of guarding their safety against 
 the influx of mailed legions ? We have no colonies, and, 
 therefore, we are not complicated by foreign alliances, 
 and escape the embroglios of foreign governments. It 
 would be perilous to magnify the army and navy without 
 necessity." 
 
 "Yes," said Lord Uriah, who had been listening at 
 tentively to Rosenberger s vagaries, "that is a difficult 
 question to solve." 
 
 "But we can delude the rabble," continued Rosenber- 
 ger," by pursuing a machiavelian policy. The Ammon 
 ites have rebelled against the supremacy of Reuben, and 
 now we will subsidize the Press to inflame the populace 
 with horrid details of the atrocities committed by the 
 government of Tirzah in suppressing the aspirations of a 
 liberty-loving nation. The voice of the multitude will de 
 mand Toadia to befriend the cause of the Ammonites, 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 127 
 
 and this will embroil us with the mother country. Reuben 
 is comparatively a weak country. She has only seventeen 
 millions of subjects, whereas our population is more than 
 quadruple that number. Our navy is more modern and 
 better equipped, and a million of churls and bumpkins will 
 offer their services on the field of battle. It will be a 
 struggle for liberty, and of course the ignorant louts will 
 expose their lives to the smoky cannon and polished steel 
 for the honor that will deck the soldier s brow. 
 
 "We can afford to remain at home in our luxurious 
 palaces, and write long communications to the press about 
 the bravery of Toadian heroes, and the empire of free 
 dom, and the flight of the Eagle and the goddess of lib 
 erty, and thus inflame the nation with our platitudes and 
 fustian. And while the warrior is bleeding on the field of 
 carnage, and the nation is thrilled with victory, we can 
 speculate in stocks and bonds, emphasize the necessity 
 of the gold standard, as illustrated in our present crisis, 
 double our wealth in a few months, and have ample leisure 
 to mature our schemes for future conquest. 
 
 "In the meantime we will incite the Heronites to imi 
 tate the example of the Ammonites, and that will bring 
 the war to the Moabitic waters, and it will result in the 
 extermination of Reubenic domination in the east and 
 the annexation of the islands to the Toadian Republic. 
 Then we will form an alliance with Dan, laud the mag 
 nanimity of our cousins beyond the Sea of Abraham, re 
 fer to our common language and common origin, and 
 emphasize the fact that blood is thicker than water, dilate 
 on the glory of expansion and the sublime mission im 
 posed on us by the God of nations to assimilate other peo 
 ples, and bear the blessings of civilization to the ends of 
 the earth in the formation of a world-wide empire. Lib 
 erty, humanity and civilization, this shall be our motto, 
 and millions will be duped by our intrigues, and enroll 
 themselves under the banner of imperialism. 
 
 "Under the plea of conquering the flag of Reuben, 
 and driving the despot beyond the main, we can afford 
 to increase our army to one hundred thousand. Later on 
 we will augment it to two hundred thousand. Gradually 
 we will curtail the liberties of the people, declare strikes 
 
128 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 illegal, reduce wages by legislative decrees and compel 
 laborers to toil at the point of the bayonet. Then we can, 
 during the next administration, bribe Congress to extend 
 the term of office to a period of eight years, and formally 
 declare the present incumbent duly authorized to exercise 
 his functions as Chief Executive for four years more. Of 
 course this is not constitutional, but the Press will explain 
 it to the people that it is for the advancement of the na 
 tion, and the storm will soon blow over. At the end of 
 the second term our movement will be advanced so far 
 that we can proclaim the President of Toadia the Emperor 
 of the West. " 
 
 "Then let the brood of vipers dare raise their voice 
 against our authority ! We will butcher them on the 
 streets. We will chain them in gangs and make them toil 
 under the stroke of the lash, or be shot down like mad 
 dogs ! Ah, yes ! and my son may yet be the monarch of 
 a broad empire, or my daughter may reign as a queen in 
 the imperial mansion. Happy thoughts, Ezachias ! Thou 
 art destined to walk through royal halls and pass through 
 doors that roll on golden hinges !" 
 
 Lord Uriah clapped the old man on the shoulder and 
 said: 
 
 "Father, how would it read in the papers that all the 
 royal houses of New Israel were represented at the coro 
 nation of Uriah, the first Emperor of Toadia?" 
 
 "It would be music to my ears ! Let us go home and 
 mature our plans/ 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 The election took place in November, 1855, and the 
 Protectionist party, with a gold standard platform, was 
 placed in power. The war between Reuben and Ammon 
 was waging fiercely, and the Herodites had augmented the 
 difficulty of the mother country by declaring their inde 
 pendence, and taking the field in the assertion of their 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 1 29 
 
 liberties. The Toadian press contained daily recitals of 
 fiendish cruelties inflicted on the Ammonites by the offi 
 cers of the Reubenic army. The people were inflamed 
 with passion. Speeches were made all over the country 
 by lecturers and politicians, demanding the recognition 
 of the Ammonite belligerency. Congress was petitioned 
 by every religious denomination in the land to hearken 
 to the cry of liberty that arose from the neighboring isle, 
 and annihilate the power of the Reubenic nation. Danish 
 statesmen urged the adoption of the measure, and Dan 
 ish journals pleaded with the Republic of the West to 
 champion the cause of humanity and civilization. 
 
 The Deboreh Herald, which represented the national 
 sentiment, emphasized the fact that Dan and Toadia were 
 the greatest powers on the globe. "We are destined to 
 conquer the world. What is Reuben and the sister na 
 tions in the southern part of New Israel? Decayed and 
 defunct. Ignorance and bigotry have marked them for 
 destruction. They are passing away. Their fate is sealed, 
 and the historian of the future will not weep over their 
 tombs. They are like the lost empires of antiquity. Go 
 back through the shadows that encircle the early ages, 
 and what do you find ? Mighty kingdoms that seemed to 
 be eternal in durability. Zaron had reached the zenith 
 of glory, when the children of Israel were nomadic tribes. 
 But where is Zaron now? Come forth, ye mighty lords 
 of the east, and tell us whither has vanished your power. 
 Come forth, ye potentates who built temples and shrines 
 that have been the wonder of ages ; come forth, ye con 
 querors and chieftains of the Orient ; ye men who immor 
 talized the shores of the Tabor, and Ekron by erection of 
 cities that rival the dreams of bards ! Come forth, ye 
 sages of Gath, ye warriors of Gerar, and tell us the his 
 tory of your fall, the story of your entombment. It was 
 ignorance and bigotry. It was corruption and slavery. 
 
 "Such a fate will inhume the once mighty name of 
 Reuben beneath the debris of ages. She is destined to be 
 swept away by the march of civilization, and the progres 
 sive nations of the earth will laugh at her destruction. 
 The Danish speaking peoples have been selected by the 
 wisdom of the eternal to conquer all nations, and convey 
 
130 BEYOND THE BLACKOCEAN 
 
 the blessings of humanity and civilization to those that 
 are lingering in the chains of thraldom, to the benighted 
 lands of the east and west, north and south. The old 
 enmity is forgotten. The mother welcomes her child 
 again to the parental roof. Dan and Toadia are forever 
 linked in friendship. We could not overcome the love 
 begotten of a common origin. The wrongs of the past 
 are amended, and like noble men our embrace reaches 
 across the chasm of two generations with the affection of 
 long-separated friends who have met again. Let Reuben 
 be crushed. Let her flag be pulled down from the capital 
 of Ammon. Let her navy be swept off the seas>. Let her 
 empire be broken asunder, and let the people, who have 
 long suffered under her yoke, cast away the gyves of 
 bondage, and rejoice in their new-born liberty." 
 
 "The Flaming Sword" took part in the discussion of 
 the question. On the second of March a lengthy article 
 appeared in that able journal, and its publication created 
 a profound sensation in the remotest villages of the Re 
 public. 
 
 "Men are clamoring for war with Reuben, and I do 
 not hesitate to denounce the spirit which actuates them as 
 ungrateful and dastardly. A little more than half a cen 
 tury ago the cry of justice went up from the lips of twenty 
 millions of oppressed people to the throne of mercy, and 
 the God of freedom moved the hearts of our ancestors to 
 strike the blow for national emancipation. Who was the 
 cruel tyrant that pursued our yeomen with lance and 
 spear and battle ax ? Who was the despot who said you 
 shall have no voice in legislative halls, and you shall be 
 taxed to support the army and navy of a foreign land, an 
 army that has lighted camp-fires in every valley, that has 
 hunted the goddess of liberty from every shore ; a navy 
 that had swept the seas in search of plunder, and has 
 crimsoned every wave with human gore? That despot 
 was Dan. She invaded every right which nature and the 
 God of nations had given to the colonies. 
 
 "The little republics of the West had been formed by 
 sturdy men who had been driven from the Old World 
 by governmental oppression, and they came here to build 
 the temple of liberty amidst the tall pine trees and itately 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 131 
 
 oaks of the wild, unbroken wood. They had braved the 
 dangers of the great primeval forests, rilled with wild 
 beasts and savage foemen. They cleared away the woods, 
 built the cabin and the home, the hamlet and the town. 
 They navigated the majestic streams, explored the vast 
 regions, became familiar with all the hills and vales, and 
 all the lakes and mountains of the western world. The 
 commercial city rose in the wilderness, where a few years 
 ago the roar of the lion and the shout of the huntsman 
 were the only sounds that ever broke the wail of the 
 woods or mingled with the voice of the streams. When 
 the time came for reaping the benefits from the sweat and 
 blood of the noble republicans of the West, the Danish 
 king was not slow to utilize these advantages. The mother 
 land imposed every burden on the colonies, and deprived 
 them of every constitutional right, preparing to make 
 this country the servile slave of despotism. In those days 
 Simeon and Reuben were our friends, and by their as 
 sistance we won the battle of freedom and the goddess of 
 liberty was enthroned in our national halls. 
 
 "Fifty years have rolled away, and the scene is totally 
 changed. Reuben is now our enemy, Simeon is our sup 
 posed enemy, and Dan is our darling friend. Shades of 
 the immortal heroes of the Revolution ! arise from your 
 peaceful slumbers, and denounce the cowardice, the ser 
 vility and the hypocrisy of our age and nation ! The men 
 of 1800 have passed away, leaving no progeny to uphold 
 the honor of our flag. Reuben has acceded to all the de 
 mands of this government in alleviating the situation in 
 Ammon. I am in favor of liberty, and I think every peo 
 ple should be entitled to free government, and I admire 
 the expression of our people on behalf of the Ammonitic 
 emancipation, but I condemn the sentiment that actuates 
 those expressions. Is it sympathy for the enthralled sub 
 jects of Reuben ? If so, why not unfurl the banner of our 
 nation in a war of universal emancipation, and sheathe 
 not the sword till the Toadian eagles scream above the 
 citadel of despotism, and the God of Democracy speaks to 
 the enchained multitudes, calling on them to doff the liv 
 ery of servitude, and celebrate their victory in the temple 
 of liberty? 
 
132 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 The Ephraimites 1 have been crushed by Danish lords, 
 and hunted by Danish myrmidons for three hundred 
 years. Their homes have been burnt, their fields laid 
 waste, fathers have been massacred, sons have been as 
 sassinated, their religious convictions have been outraged, 
 the sacred bond of matrimony has been ruthlessly broken, 
 their altars have been consigned to the flames, their 
 Rabbis have been pursued like wild beasts. They came 
 to our land to enjoy the blessings of liberty, and they have 
 fought for the honor of our flag from the day that the 
 first cannon announced the conflict for independence, till 
 the Eagle of the West chased the Lion of the East to his 
 forest glades and mountain dells. 
 
 "When the war of 1810 was proclaimed, Ephraimitic 
 soldiers enlisted in our army, Ephraimitic sailors came to 
 our navy, and Ephraimitic generals led our legions to 
 matchless triumphs. Again, in 1826, when the Confed^ 
 eracy menaced the stability of the western empire, and 
 the Union was tottering on its foundation, Ephraimitic 
 blood was copiously shed for the cause of freedom and the 
 durability of the Republic. Why not proclaim our alle 
 giance to the cause of Ephraimitic liberty and notify Dan 
 to relinquish her claims upon that island within a speci 
 fied time? Is it because Dan is a powerful nation that we 
 can turn a deaf ear to the lamentations of Ephraim ? Did 
 our ancestors ever suffer such torture in their captivity? 
 Did their wails on the rivers of Babylon ever awaken in 
 the souls of their prophets more pathetic appeals, more 
 desponding eloquence, than the miseries of Ephraim have 
 stirred the spirit of her bards and orators ? Let us, there 
 fore, be just, and proclaim the independence, not only of 
 Ammon, but, also, of Ephraim. But the money kings of 
 the Republic are anxious for an alliance with the Danish 
 throne, with the hope that the alliance may grow into a 
 union and Toadia become a land of nobility." 
 
 A strange religious party had originated in Toadia a 
 few years previously to the time of which we speak. This 
 party was opposed to the old Hebrew cult, and it vowed 
 to destroy it by the application of every means. The party 
 was known as the Toadian Protective Association, and 
 the members were called "T. P. A. s." Their object was 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 133 
 
 to protect Toadian interests from the usurpation of the 
 Hebrew religion, and they were to use the dagger when 
 their purpose could not be accomplished by milder means. 
 The party was solicitous about the war for two reasons. 
 The Hebrew altar was still venerated in Reuben, and the 
 old religion was the only form of worship that existed in 
 the kingdom. Again, the T. P. A. s thought that the 
 Ephraimites, who were staunch adherents of the ancient 
 creed, would betray their country from religious motives, 
 and thus furnish the government with ample evidence of 
 the pernicious results of Hebrew teaching, and the perils 
 of tolerating that worship in Toadia. 
 
 While the press was inflaming the people with glaring 
 accounts of Reubenic atrocities, the ignoble character of 
 the Reubenites, their cowardice and cruelty, their thirst 
 for blood, their insensibility to the suffering of their col 
 onists, filibustering expeditions were daily arranged and 
 executed with the connivance of the Federal Government. 
 Insincere attempts were made to prevent these unfriendly 
 manifestations to the Reuben government in Ammon ; but 
 the whole world knew that the authorities were cognizant 
 of every movement in that direction. 
 
 At the solicitation of the people, and the pleading of 
 the press calling on Congress to protect the lives of Toa 
 dian citizens, who were in the greatest peril from Reu 
 benic hostility, the battleship Tyre was ordered to Am- 
 monitic waters. On the thirty-first of May the an 
 nouncement ran over the wires to every part of the coun 
 try that the Tyre had been destroyed. Citizens of all 
 classes armed themselves and cried for the blood of every 
 living Reubenite. A committee was sent to investigate 
 the cause of the disaster, and they reported that it was a 
 mystery that could not be solved. The deputation con 
 sisted of Solomon Levi, David Loveheart and Jacob 
 Jonas. These gentlemen were besieged on their return 
 from Ammon, but they were unanimous in maintaining 
 that the cause of the explosion could not be ascertained, 
 and if it were the work of a premeditated plot, the agent 
 of the dastardly deed would never be known. 
 
 But the press maintained that it was a Reubenic con 
 spiracy, and the people called for vengeance. Congress 
 
134. BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 acted unanimously, and war was proclaimed. As Toadia 
 had four times the army and navy, and fifty times the re 
 sources of Reuben, the struggle ended in less than three 
 months, with the establishment of a provisional govern 
 ment in Ammon, and the promise of independence at some 
 future time, when the people were far enough advanced 
 in civilization to be entrusted with the exercise of author 
 ity. In the conflict between the two powers, the Toadian 
 fleet in the Moabitic seas attacked and totally demolished 
 the Reubenic fleet on the shores of Heron, and, with the 
 assistance of the natives, the Reubenic forces on the land 
 were conquered. 
 
 The Heronites looked upon the Eagles as the emblem 
 of freedom, and they thought when that flag was erected 
 on the battlements of their cities, that foreign domination 
 was forever ended. But they found that they had only 
 exchanged masters, and that the new power that was en 
 throned on the land was far more cruel and despotic than 
 the ancient regime. 
 
 The dual conspiracy formed in the fertile brains of 
 Lord Aran and Ezechias Rosenberger had been success 
 fully executed, and the fiends behind the curtain were 
 dreaming of the empire that would rise on the altar of 
 freedom s temple, above the altar of Democracy. The 
 blood of heroes on the battlefield, the wail of mothers 
 weeping over the death of their sons, the cry of orphans 
 expressing their grief for the loss of fathers, went on un 
 heard by the lord and his minion. The Hebrews fought 
 bravely for Ammonitic independence, and their valor 
 won the admiration of all fair-minded Toadians, while the 
 T. P. A. s shrank into obscurity, and pined away in their 
 chagrin that the machinations they had matured for the 
 destruction of the ancient creed, had proved a fiasco. 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 About the middle of February, 1857, a tall, handsome 
 gentleman of aristocratic appearance, stepped into the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 135 
 
 Theban Hotel, and registered as Lord Jesse, from the 
 Kingdom of Dan. His appearance at once attracted the 
 attention of the guests, and his identity was soon estab 
 lished. After he was assigned to his room, he presented 
 his card, and asked to see Mr. Gilhooley and Mr. McGilli- 
 cuddy. The two gentlemen had just finished supper, and 
 were preparing to return to their office, when they were 
 informed that Lord Jesse wished to see them. On enter 
 ing the parlor, they found the nobleman waiting, who im 
 mediately advanced, and said : 
 
 "I hope I have the distinguished honor of meeting the 
 editors of The Flaming Sword? 
 
 The compliment was reciprocated by the journalists, 
 and soon the gentlemen were engaged in the discussion of 
 current topics. 
 
 "I heard of you and your admirable paper/ said the 
 lord, "when I arrived in Engeddi a few weeks ago. You 
 seem to be transforming the nation. I am in sympathy 
 with the movement. While yet a boy, I became familiar 
 nvith the conditions of the laboring people in the Danish 
 coal mines, and I have spent much money in attempting 
 to introduce these reforms in our kingdom. But I met 
 with intense opposition, not only from the aristocracy and 
 wealthy class at large, but even my own people have re 
 nounced me. However, I have my fortune secured, and 
 I am independent of the world, and I came to this country 
 with the hope of promoting the cause of humanity ; for I 
 believe that this broad Republic, where every man has the 
 right to vote, and where the gift of liberty is jealousy 
 guarded, is a vast field to prosecute the good work." 
 
 "Lord Jesse," said Gilhooley, "it is really gratifying to 
 hear the expression of such noble sentiments, especially in 
 a man of your birth and prestige. I readily appreciate the 
 sacrifices you are making in behalf of freedom. In the first 
 place, you were born and educated under the influence of 
 monarchial institutions ; and being a member of the 
 Danish nobility, you were compelled, at the very dawn of 
 your reform career, to turn your back on the parental 
 home, renounce the pleasures that dwell in the castle, 
 forego the influence of your home, and trample on the 
 hallowed traditions of your family and the time-honored 
 
136 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 customs of your country. We welcome you to our shores, 
 and we glady initiate you in the Socialism of the Toadian 
 Republic." 
 
 "And I, too," said McGillicuddy, "congratulate you, 
 and welcome you to the ranks of the new party. I know 
 that your efforts will contribute marvelously to the en 
 thronement of human liberty, which has been crushed in 
 our land by money kings and their sympathizers. You 
 have the royalty of blood, and we have the royalty of gold ; 
 and the latter exercises all the despotism of the former 
 without any of its redeeming features. We speak of free 
 dom, but the only freedom now enjoyed by the masses of 
 the country is the freedom to curse, and they will soon be 
 deprived of that. 
 
 "There is a movement in progress here to subvert re 
 publican institutions, and establish an empire. The recent 
 war with Reuben was waged for that purpose, and the 
 people are beginning to discern what has actuated the 
 government in its participation in the struggle of the 
 Ammonite insurgents. The measure was adopted for the* 
 purpose of augmenting the standing army and expanding 
 our dominions, and when this is accomplished the soldiers 
 now crimsoning the vales of Heron with the blood of free 
 men seeking independence, will be marshalled against the 
 natives of this land, and the establishment of an empire will 
 be the crowning coup d etat of this pharisaical parade of 
 patriotism, and the presumptuous claim that our nation 
 is destined, by the fiat of high heaven, to encircle the globe, 
 and erect the altar of liberty in every land." 
 
 "Why, do you think they would imperil their lives by 
 such temerity?" asked Lord Jesse. 
 
 "Imperil their lives ? What can a conquered people do 
 when they are confronted by cannon and bayonet ? There 
 are not a braver people on earth to-day than the Ephraim- 
 ites, and yet they are held in subjection by the soldiery of 
 the Danish empire." 
 
 "To give you an illustration," remarked Isaac, "of how 
 liberty is ignored by this government, I will cite a few 
 facts. Several months ago there was a strike on the Jor 
 dan Valley Railroad, and the chief executive of the Broth 
 erhood of Engineers ordered the engineers on the eight 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 137 
 
 connecting lines to assist the Jordan Valley strikers ; and 
 the result was that instant action was taken to give up 
 work on all the lines, if the Jordan Valley freight were 
 handled. The object of this movement was to force those 
 lines to reject Jordan Valley freight, and compel that road 
 to come to an agreement with the engineers. There was 
 no malice, no violence, no fraud. The matter was brought 
 before the Supreme Court of Toadia, the eight connecting 
 lines claiming that the action of the engineers was a viola 
 tion of the inter-state commerce law ; and while the court 
 decided that the men had a right to quit when they wished, 
 .But so long as the employe remains in his employment, 
 the law can compel him to do his whole duty ; a part of 
 his duty, when employed on an inter-state line, is to grant 
 equal facilities to connecting lines. By promulgating the 
 order to quit, the chief executive of the Brotherhood of 
 Engineers and the men are guilty of a conspiracy to pro 
 cure the officials of the connecting lines to violate the act. 
 Again they are civilly liably to the Jordan Valley for the 
 conspiracy/ 
 
 "I will give you a couple of other decisions of the Su 
 preme Court. The State against Mulcahy decided that for 
 men to combine and notify the employer that they will quit 
 unless certain fellow-workmen are discharged, is indicta 
 ble conspiracy. The same decision was rendered in the 
 case of Levi versus Reinan." 
 
 "You really astonish me with these citations, Mr. Gil- 
 hooley," said Lord Jesse. "I knew that there was a spirit 
 of antagonism against the usurpation of capital, and this 
 was retaliated by the adoption of drastic measures, but I 
 did not deem that the highest tribunal in the land would 
 tarnish its character for honesty by such unjust decisions." 
 
 "The highest tribunal as well as the lowest," inter 
 posed Abraham, "can be bribed, and that is ample evidence 
 of our political deterioration." 
 
 "The same conditions existed in Rome, according to 
 the literature that has been preserved of that fallen em 
 pire," said Lord Jesse. "But a few good men like you and 
 Mr. Gilhooley will purify the nation/ 
 
 "We hope, Lord Jesse," said Isaac, "that you will give 
 some assistance to The Flaming Sword, and by our 
 
1.38 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 united power, its point will pierce the heart of every tyrant 
 and every renegade from ocean to ocean." 
 
 "With your permission," replied Lord Jesse, "I shall 
 be a frequent contributor to its columns." 
 
 "We offer you carte-blanche, and hope that you will 
 utilize the privilege," said the editors, in unison, and Lord 
 Jesse bade them good-evening, with the promise of un 
 failing fidelity to the cause of justice and truth. 
 
 The next morning the leading papers devoted more 
 than a column to the arrival and history of the Danish 
 nobleman. His genealogy was traced back more than 
 seven hundred years, and his coat-of-arms was engraved 
 and minutely described by the able journalists. Many dis 
 tinguished people paid a visit to the hotel, and presented 
 their cards to Lord Jesse, who received them most cordially, 
 and gracefully responded to the invitations which they 
 extended. Levees and soirees, banquets and entertain 
 ments, receptions and theatricals, were honored with his 
 presence, and the bon-ton society of Deboreh spent every 
 effort to gain the esteem of the distinguished visitant. 
 
 One evening he was entertained at the Jordan Club, 
 and the fashionable people of the city were in attendance. 
 Mrs. Gehtheimer, as usual, forced herself to the front, and 
 received an invitation to be present on the occasion. 
 Lucile was with her mother, and the old dame thought that 
 her hour had come when the scion of her house would be 
 honored with a noble title. She never dreamed, for a mo 
 ment, that the grandest character on the globe could refuse 
 to lend his name to her family in exchange for her millions 
 of glittering gold. The nation had become so corrupt, 
 that the publication of this woman s reputation did not 
 exclude her from the elite of society. The Gehtheimers 
 were introduced to Lord Jesse, and immediately the matron 
 engaged the Danite in conversation, and monopolized his 
 time the remainder of the evening. 
 
 "My lord, I am pleased to meet you/ said the virago. 
 "I have met so many of your people, and I think they are 
 simply grand. They are so courteous and refined. Of 
 course, nobility begets polished manner." 
 
 "Madam, I thank you for the compliment." 
 
 "But, my lord, there is something about your associa- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 139 
 
 tions that I do not comprehend ; and, as you are a 
 stranger in the city, and, undoubtedly beguiled by false 
 appearances, I thought that I would speak to you on this 
 question this evening." 
 
 "Why, certainly, madam. If I have been consorting 
 with disreputable people, I am sorry, and, in extenuation 
 of any offense I may have given to the fashionable society 
 of Deboreh, which I so highly esteem, ignorance of wrong 
 doing is my apology." 
 
 "Perhaps I have been misinformed, began the lady, 
 "but I have heard that you are the boon companion of 
 those two notorious anarchists who publish The Flaming 
 Sword/ " 
 
 "Ah ! you intend to call Mr. Gilhooley and Mr. McGilli- 
 cuddy anarchists? I beg to differ with you. They have 
 violated no law, and they do not instigate the populace to 
 violence, but on the contrary, they advise the adoption of 
 constitutional methods in this warfare." 
 
 "That may be very true, but they are opposed to the 
 existing government, and they propose to abolish the 
 entire system by the introduction of Socialism." 
 
 "But what do you understand by Socialism?" asked 
 Lord Jesse, who was highly amused. 
 
 "Why the total annihilation of private property, the 
 division of wealth among the beggars and tramps." 
 
 " The Flaming Sword, madam, does not advocate 
 the division of wealth, but merely the government owner 
 ship of the means of production and distribution, and they 
 propose to compensate the proprietors for their property. 
 If I mistake not, they confine their demands to the na 
 tional ownership of land and railways, telegraph and tele 
 phone lines. At least, I have not read of any other inno 
 vations in the columns of their paper." 
 
 "Do you think that would be just ?" 
 
 "Nothing could be more just. I am a land-owner, and 
 I would be willing to relinquish my claims to-morrow, for 
 I recognize that every man has a right to the use of land. 
 Besides, in my native country, I have seen the deleterious 
 results of land ownership. The few are living in luxury, 
 and the masses are toiling slaves, giving the fruit of their 
 
T 40 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 labor to those who have monopolized the treasures of na 
 ture by fencing in the common inheritance." 
 
 "I see, my lord, that you are mesmerized by those 
 magicians. It seems that they have the power, not only to 
 enchant the feminine gender, but extend their conquest to 
 the noblest of the masculine sex." 
 
 "I thank you, madam, for the compliment. I hope that 
 I am worthy of it." 
 
 During the evening Mrs. Reisan managed to have sev 
 eral brief conversations with the Danish aristocrat, and 
 she declared that he was "the handsomest, the most re 
 fined, the most cultured, and the most fascinating gentle 
 man" whom she had ever met. Lord Jesse s visit to De- 
 boreh was the social triumph of the year. Costly bouquets 
 were sent to him every day by the fair damsels and the 
 stately matrons. 
 
 The following week he was entertained at the Gehthei- 
 mer mansion, and at the beginning of the next month, the 
 courtly manners of the foreigner graced the palatial home 
 of Mrs. Reisan. Mrs. Gehtheimer was again present, with 
 her daughter Lucile, who was decked in the richest of 
 robes. But the nobleman seemed to pay more attention to 
 the hostess of the evening than the bevy of maidens who 
 came to admire his handsome visage and princely mein, 
 and to win from him a smile of satisfaction or a word of 
 encouragement. Mrs. Reisan was young and gay, and 
 her beauty was unrivaled in the city of Deboreh. Her 
 husband was a multi-millionaire, fifteen years the senior 
 of his wife, and devoid of those charms that attract the 
 admiration of the fair sex. 
 
 The marked attention of Mrs. Reisan to her guest, and 
 the compliments that he bestowed upon the beautiful lady, 
 called for many severe criticisms. From that time, Lord 
 Jesse was a constant visitor at the Reisan mansion, and 
 was frequently seen on the boulevard in the family car 
 riage with the mistress of the house. But Mrs. Reisan 
 was not the only married lady in Deboreh who took the 
 liberty of accompanying Lord Jesse on a drive. The 
 maidens and matrons vied with each other in wooing 
 the favors of the Danite ; and not only did they call to 
 see him at the parlors of the hotel, but they invited him 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 to private luncheons, and committed many other indis 
 cretions worthy of public censure. Horses, cats and dogs 
 were christened "Lord Jesse," the latest style of hats was 
 distinguished with that title, and the papers were filled 
 wiht amatory verses in honor of the aristocrat, who had 
 deigned to visit the metropolis of Toadia. 
 
 A very strong attachment was engendered between 
 Lord Jesse and the editors of "The Flaming Sword," to 
 the surprise of the public, and to the sorrow and disap 
 pointment of a certain class of the elite, who hated Gil- 
 hooley and McGillicuddy with the malice of fiends. The 
 Einsteins were still ardent defenders of "The Flaming 
 Sword" and its management, and a deep and lasting love 
 had been formed between the two young ladies and the 
 two reformers. But a contemplated alliance of Teddy 
 Einstein with Lucile Gehtheimer had estranged him from 
 his family, who loathed the very name of that disreputable 
 woman. Teddy had been told of Mrs. Gehtheimer s 
 youthful career, but he was passionately fond of Lucile, 
 and his love for the daughter was greater than his con 
 tempt for the mother. 
 
 Since the arrival of Lord Jesse, the attentions of Teddv 
 were discouraged by Lucile s mother, who dreamed of 
 the possibility of an alliance with the heir of a noble fam 
 ily, and though the Einsteins were among the most dis 
 tinguished people of Deboreh, yet they had no titles. 
 Lucile admired, but did not love Lord Jesse, but her 
 mother said that she should sacrifice her affections to her 
 ambition, and relinquish the pleasures of congeniality for 
 the honors of aristocracy. Isaac and Abraham were deeply 
 interested in the nuptial anticipations of Teddy Einstein, 
 and endeavored to break the bonds which that young lady 
 had drawn around his heart. But the chain was made of 
 adamantine links, and their efforts were not only futile, 
 but resulted in the growth of enmity between the whilom 
 friends. Mrs. Gehtheimer fanned the flame that had been 
 ignited, for she had no love for "The Flaming Sword," 
 and she longed to see its editors behind the dungeon 
 gate. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 Directly south of New Israel, there is a continent which 
 was named Arabia, after the geographical position of that 
 country in relation to Palestine. The sea separating this 
 region from New Israel was known as the Tranquil Sea, 
 for destructive storms never swept its bosom, and the 
 waters were as placid as the surface of a lake. Arabia was 
 inhabited by many turbulent tribes, which incessantly 
 waged intestine feuds. The Caucasion race found no in 
 ducements to penetrate the wilds of this savage land, and 
 for centuries civilization was a stranger to its soil. The 
 peasants of Asher established a colony in that remote part 
 of the world, and by their unremitting efforts, a garden was 
 planted in the wilderness. The Danish empire laid claims 
 to the neighboring regions. But finding it more congenial 
 to the tastes of her people to confiscate the cultivated lands 
 of the Asherites, than to battle with the laws of nature in 
 rescuing swamps from the floods of summer, and transmu 
 ting the forests into meadows and orange groves, she 
 notified the pioneers to vacate their land and seek new 
 homes in the unfrequented wilds. The original colonists 
 moved onward toward the north, and occupied a desert 
 tract surrounded on all sides by warlike nations. They 
 were compelled to fight these untutored races, and guard 
 their wives and little babes that gladdened their hearths, 
 from the perfidious Arabians who lurked in every wood 
 and mountain dell. Years were passed on the frontier of 
 civilization, and many a noble Asherite fell beneath the 
 deadly blade of the assassin, before the pioneers had se 
 cured a safe asylum in that distant part of the world. Their 
 ceaseless toil at last created an oasis in the wilderness and 
 then the jealous Danites notified them to migrate again. 
 
 Their homes and the graves of their sires were dese 
 crated by mailed hosts, who were sent to execute the or 
 ders of the Danish government. Onward they marched, 
 leaving their cabins in the valley and on the hilltop, which 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 143 
 
 were covered with the wealth of vegetation, and the de 
 fenseless peasants began to struggle with new difficulties. 
 They were forced to confront the savage foe in his strong 
 hold, and consecrate the new settlement with the blood of 
 their best and noblest men. But the task was accom 
 plished, and the formation of a little republic showed that 
 liberty had triumphed over despotism, and civilization had 
 conquered the savage hordes. 
 
 The peasants now, by long separation from their native 
 land, had assumed a distinct nationality known as Jonites, 
 and their country was called Jonas, after the prophet of 
 Israel, who was commanded by the voice of Jehovah to 
 preach repentance to the wicked men of Nineveh. Less 
 than three decades had rolled away from the establishment 
 of the Jonitic government, when diamonds and gold fields 
 were discovered, and the small republic became the most 
 prosperous country in the world. The wealth of the land 
 was fabulous, and the cupidity of Dan could not rest, while 
 another people had such precious treasures. A wave of 
 migration swept into Jonas from the Danish empire, and 
 in a short time the natives were in the minority. They 
 readily discerned the significance of this movement, and 
 anticipated the scheme by passing laws of naturalization, 
 requiring the foreigners to live fourteen years in the Re 
 public, before they could become citizens and be admitted 
 to the franchise. The Danites thought that by their vast 
 number they would be enabled to control the legislature 
 and within a very brief period, the government would be 
 attached to the Arabian dominion of Dan ; and they were 
 furious when the Jonites foiled their plans by passing a 
 bill of qualification for voters, and they demanded that the 
 bill be modified immediately. 
 
 The Jonites were not fully prepared to fight for the 
 maintenance of their autonomy, and they made some tem 
 porary modifications. The conflict, however, was brew 
 ing, and the Jonites were supplying themselves with re 
 sources, and drilling their little army to meet the inevita 
 ble. The Danites were not satisfied with the concessions 
 that had been made, and demanded that seven years be 
 specified as the period of residence required in voters. 
 After many protestations, the Jonites also yielded to this 
 
144 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 demand. Again the tyrant requested that the period be 
 reduced to five years, and the natives, seeing that their 
 country was menaced the fourth time by the wily usurper, 
 refused to comply, and appealed to the justice of their 
 cause. But justice was out of the question, when dealing 
 with inferior forces. 
 
 The Toadian Republic was still persecuting the god 
 dess of liberty in Heron, and under the name of humanity 
 and civilization, was waging the most atrocious, the most 
 brutal, warfare that had disgraced any country within the 
 millennium; and it did not surprise the natives of the 
 transarctic world that the "Land of the Free" should sanc 
 tion and encourage the invasion of Jonas under the same 
 hypocritical plea that had been advanced to justify Toadian 
 usurpation in the Moabitic Ocean. The leaders of the Pro 
 tectionists were constantly lauding Danish civilization, 
 and the necessity of exercising suzerainty over the South 
 Arabian Republic. 
 
 "We are a great Danish-speaking people, and God has 
 called us to preach His word to the ends of the earth, and 
 if we should be recreant to our vocation, unborn genera 
 tions will curse our memory, and the Almighty Ruler will 
 exact a rigid account of the gifts He has bestowed on us 
 for the accomplishment of our great and noble mission." 
 This was the language of press, pulpit and rostrum, to the 
 nauseation of honest people, and the amusement of the 
 hired hypocrites themselves. It was dangerous to speak 
 in disparaging terms of Danish integrity, and it was nec 
 essary to extol Danish honor to gain any favors from the 
 Federal government. Every Protectionist in the land 
 claimed to have Danish blood in his veins ; and if he were 
 a native of that country, there was no office at the disposal 
 of the party that was beyond his reach. In fact, it became 
 disreputable in fashionable society not to have a coat-of- 
 arms, certifying to Danish ancestry, and among the par- 
 venues and ambitious canaille, the sentiment became so 
 strong (for such people are always directed by the higher 
 classes and excel them in extravagance) it was flagitious 
 to speak in complimentary language of the Toadian Re 
 public. 
 
 Gilhooley had delivered a speech on the Reubenic- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN *45 
 
 Toadian conflict, and he characterized it as the most un 
 justifiable war in history. "Reuben," he said, "acquiesced 
 to all our protestations, yielded to all our expostulations, 
 complied with all our injunctions, but still we were not 
 satisfied. We wanted battle, but we were very careful to 
 imitate our Danish cousins in selecting a weak nation, on 
 which to show our prowess. I do not hesitate to denounce 
 my country for the blackest ingratitude on the page of 
 history. If we were sincere in our affection for the Am 
 monites, we would have requested the nations to present 
 a unanimous protest against the Reubenic domination in 
 that land, and the court of Tirzah would have been neces 
 sitated to comply with this universal remonstrance. But 
 no, we wanted war. If we were honest in our declaration 
 of sympathy for an enslaved people, why do we withhold 
 autonomy from Ammon? Why do we set up a military 
 government in that island? Why do we allow every 
 Toadian cut-throat and adventurer to suck the life-blood 
 of that people ? Why do we close our ears to their com 
 plaints and hold that such treatment is necessary for them ? 
 
 "Of course we render all. these stripes, we inflict all 
 these injustices, we perpetrate all these robberies, in the 
 name of humanity and civilization. It is not a matter of 
 wonder that such an administration should lend its sym 
 pathy to Danish despots, and applaud the usurpations and 
 atrocities of that government. A few days ago Senator 
 Sodoc declared that we alone, the Danish-speaking peo 
 ple, have a right to existence, and we should conquer the 
 earth and build a fence around it. O, ye immortal men 
 of the past ; ye warriors that carried the banner of victory 
 from the vale of Hur to the battlements of Gilead ; ye 
 pioneers who fought the beasts of the forests and savage 
 hordes from the wilderness, come forth from your sombre 
 tombs ! awake ye silent shades from the moss-covered 
 stones ; arise ye noble spirits from your grand mauso 
 leums, and purify the nation with your philanthropic in 
 spiration, with your lofty sentiments of love and patriot 
 ism." 
 
 At a meeting of Protectionists in the city of Deboreh 
 just previously to the Reubenic-Toadian embroglio, "The 
 Flaming Sword" was severely criticised for its opposition 
 
146 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 to the policy of the government, and the editors were de 
 nounced for their treasonable utterances in the rostrum. 
 
 Mr. Benjamin said that "These two Irish-Israelites 
 magnify the debt of gratitude we owe to Reuben. We 
 owe a debt of gratitude to no nation on earth except our 
 dear old mother country, that rocked us in the cradle of 
 infancy, and guarded our childhood days ; and we have 
 been ungrateful in renouncing her maternal claims on our 
 affections. To-day the Lion should rule the empire of 
 the West. If the severance had not been accomplished 
 by the rebels, who unfurled the banner of the Eagles, we 
 should now be lords and earls and dukes, and the vile 
 proletariat would be fawning at our knees, crying at our 
 feet, bowing to the passing of our shadow on the street, 
 instead of presuming to dictate our national policy, and 
 to subvert the existing government. Even if Reuben had 
 sustained us in our struggle, is that any reason why we 
 should not castigate her for her heinous crimes, for unpar 
 donable offenses ? Gilhooley said that ingratitude is the 
 vice of slaves ; and I want to tell that -young fanatic that 
 gratitude is the virtue of dogs." 
 
 The sentiment expressed by Mr. Benjamin was the 
 sentiment of the money kings of Toadia, with a few noble 
 exceptions. The country in general, however, still pre 
 served the sacred traditions of liberty bequeathed as a 
 legacy by the fathers of the Republic, and there were ex 
 pressions of sympathy for the Jonites from every part of 
 the land. Men declared their convictions in public meet 
 ings, and armed bodies of cavaliers offered their aid to the 
 President of the South Arabian Republic. The Ephraim- 
 ites were unanimous in their expression of fidelity to the 
 principles of liberty, and made powerful efforts to collect 
 arms and ammunition for the Jonitic cause. 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 On the 2 ist of October, 1857, the following communi 
 cation appeared in "The Flaming Sword :" 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAtf 147 
 
 "To-day we have, in this country, seven hundred thou 
 sand people out of work, eight hundred thousand paupers, 
 and twenty millions poor. In the census of last year there 
 were one million, one hundred thousand living 1 in tele- 
 ment houses in Deboreh, whose population is only one 
 million, five hundred thousand. Eighty per cent of the 
 farmers in the country are in debt, and in less than five 
 years they will lose their homes, and join the army of toil 
 ers and vagrants. In Dan the disparity between the 
 classes is even greater. More than half the national 
 wealth belongs to ten thousand people, and thirty thou 
 sand men own fifty-five-fifty-sixths of all the land and 
 capital in the kingdom. The average wage for the upper 
 and middle classes is one thousand dollars per annum, 
 whereas laborers receive but eighty-five dollars per an 
 num, or twenty-five cents per day. 
 
 "In the early history of our race, each man worked 
 for himself, and received the fruit of his industry. But 
 even in that remote age of time, there were always men 
 who desired to live on the labor of their fellow-beings, 
 and hence originated wars for the spoliation of wealth. 
 Land was then abundant and this prevented the possibil 
 ity of land monopoly, and the stronger nations enslaved 
 the weaker, and exacted their toil as a price for their 
 lives. Captives taken in war were doomed to thraldom, 
 and served their masters under the stroke of the lash. In 
 the flight of ages, when the human race had multiplied, 
 the land passed into the hands of private individuals, and 
 those were able to exact the labor of their less fortunate 
 brethren as a compensation for their existence on the soil. 
 The landlord took a large portion of the wealth created 
 by his bondsmen or serfs, as a tribute for the liberty of 
 cultivating the soil. 
 
 "When the race had increased and land became scarce, 
 serfdom passed out of existence, and the bondsmen now 
 became renters. Competition raised the rent of land with 
 every generation, till now the entire produce, with a small 
 allowance essential for the maintenance of the laborer, is 
 absorbed by the owners of the earth. Rent in Dan is one 
 hundred and twenty times greater than it was five hun 
 dred years ago. In Asher, Zabolon, Simeon and Neph- 
 
148 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 thali, rent has doubled in the last quarter of a century. 
 To-day the annual rent of land in the city of Deboreh, is 
 two hundred million dollars ; in Kidron, it is seventy-five 
 millions ; in Engeddi, forty millions ; in Susanna, twenty- 
 seven millions, and in the other cities it ranges from ten 
 to twenty-five millions. Just to think that men must pay 
 such exorbitant prices for the privilege of standing on 
 the soil which God has created for their use ! 
 
 "But the landlords are not the only class of people who 
 live on the labor of their fellow-men. The small trades 
 men of three or four centuries ago owned his tools, and, 
 by hard labor, could make an independent living. But 
 those days are forever past. The age of invention has 
 arrived, and another class of people has entered the field 
 of industry. Mechanical skill has supplanted the simple 
 tools of the artisan, and the capitalist has purchased ma 
 chinery and established vast industries, and the manual 
 laborer, not having the means to compete with the cap 
 italist, has been driven from the field, and forced to seek 
 employment in the busy factories. The laborer does not 
 own the means of production, but must sell his labor to 
 the capitalist, and therefore he is the slave of the capital 
 ist. This is what competition has accomplished. It has 
 enthralled the wealth producers of the world. 
 
 "We boast of the freedom of contract! Freedom, 
 indeed, when a man must work for a crust of bread or 
 starve ! When necessity urges a man to sell his labor for 
 one-half or one-third its real value, that man is the veriest 
 slave. Competition means bondage, and we are the vilest 
 slaves that ever trod the earth. Ihe employe is afraid to 
 look up when the foreman s eyes are upon him, for he 
 fears that taking the liberty to look upon the glittering 
 sun and the purple dome, will be punished by dismissal 
 from service. There is no lash above him. Yet the shadow 
 of the wolf haunts the door of his cabin, his wife and 
 babes are hungry and naked, and if he is discharged, they 
 will fall by the wayside, and death will close their eyelids 
 in the sleep that knows no waking. That man is more 
 of a slave than the Cushitc who was hunted by the blood 
 hounds on the southern plantations. The slave received 
 food and clothing 1 and care in the hour of sickness, for 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 149 
 
 the preservation of his life and health was an advantage 
 to the master. But the poor laborer works from the grey 
 dawn, when the auroral blush of the infant day encircles 
 the brow of the morning, until Apollo s golden beams are 
 lost in the liquid depths of the western main, and the 
 dusky shades of eve creep along the vale and climb the 
 mountain peak ; and yet what is his wages ? A crust of 
 bread and rags. When he falls a victim to the loathsome 
 disease that lurks in the stifled, poisoned atmosphere of 
 his workship, there is no master to provide for his fam 
 ily. He dies and is forgotten ; his wife and babes follow in 
 his wake, and the car of Mammon moves over the graves 
 of its victims, while the enthroned monarch, reclining on 
 liis cushioned seat, and holding the reins in his hands, 
 never reflects on the truth that the rotting flesh and de 
 caying bones that sleep beneath the green sward on the 
 wayside, once toiled and bled to make the spokes and 
 hubs and tires of his carriage. 
 
 "Competition has begotten servility. Not only has lib 
 erty fled from the soul of the laborer in the ditch and the 
 mill and the factory, but the venal spirit of the slave in 
 spires every act in the history of our age. The book 
 keeper and the salesman, the physician and the lawyer, 
 the merchant and the banker, are bondsmen of the veriest 
 stamp. Every one is anxious to keep his position, his 
 clientage, his practice, his trade, his patronage, and he 
 smothers every noble sentiment, stifles every whisper of 
 conscience, submits to insults, tramples on truth, mocks 
 justice, despises honor, laughs at love and scorns friend 
 ship in his efforts to conquer his competitors, and triumph 
 in the wild scramble for existence. 
 
 Competition means the survival of the unfittest, for 
 only t<he wily, the cunning, the dishonest, the deceitful, 
 the untruthful, the unscrupulous, succeed in the struggle 
 of life, and we are destined to bequeath a race of vipers 
 to future ages and generations. 
 
 "What has produced the competitive system? The 
 desire to live on the labor of others. Men go into busi 
 ness to escape labor, and business can only thrive on 
 profits, and profits, as we have said in former issues of 
 this paper, is the appropriation of the wealth created by 
 
ISO BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 labor. Profits under private capitalism consists of three 
 elements. In the first place, the capitalist must calculate 
 on making as large a return for his money as he would 
 make in lending it on good security ; otherwise it would 
 be better and safer to lend his money on good security. 
 He must secondly make allowances for risks ; for when he 
 goes into business he hazards his investment, and he may 
 fail and lose every dollar. If his chances are even, he 
 must calculate on making more than one hundred per 
 cent to cover all risks. Again, he must charge for su 
 perintendence and superior skill in conducting the busi 
 ness through dangerous epochs and seasons of depres 
 sion. This will probably make a total of one hundred and 
 fifty per cent. 
 
 "Now, when the article has passed from the farmer 
 and the toiler through all the avenues of trade, and re 
 turns a finished product, its price has been, augmented 
 many fold, and the price paid for the accumulated labor 
 will not purchase the commodity in the market, and thus 
 economy is practiced from necessity. Hence, only a por 
 tion of the wealth created is disposed of, and the capitalist 
 has a surplus in his storehouse. There is a wide gap 
 created between the productive and the purchasing power 
 of the nation. We are cursed from time to time with 
 what people erroneously call over-production, but what 
 is really under-consumption. The laborers of this coun 
 try are supposed to consume their ratio of all wealth pro 
 duced. Now the laboring element constitutes fifty-two 
 per cent of the population, and they should consume fifty- 
 two per cent of the wealth produced. But they only receive 
 seventeen per cent of the wealth, in wages, and it is im 
 possible with seventeen per cent to buy fifty-two per cent. 
 Therefore, a surplus accumulates and we are afflicted with 
 over-production. Men are hungry and children are naked, 
 because so much is produced that it cannot be consumed ! 
 "In order to sell this accumulated stock, merchants 
 and manufacturers advertise extensively, and employ a 
 number of traveling men to represent their wares in dis 
 tant cities. They fail to see that this extra expense must 
 be added to their merchandise, and that the price being 
 increased, the purchasing" power of the consumer is cor- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 151 
 
 respondingly diminished. One thousand firms in Toadia 
 spend, each, one million dollars in advertising 1 , making a 
 total of one billion dollars ; and there are one million, one 
 hundred and twenty thousand that spend at least another 
 billion. While this outlay must be added to the wares, yet 
 people cannot afford to pay the advanced prices, and the 
 merchants have recourse to adulteration, and cheap mer 
 chandise, and the cost is really greater in the end, and the 
 health of the community is jeopardized and injured by 
 poisoned .food. 
 
 "The next step is the reduction of the force employed, 
 and this likewise curtails the purchasing power of the 
 toilers, for men cannot buy when they have no work and 
 no money. Then there is a reduction in wages, and this 
 intensifies the situation. Finally, they introduce new 
 machinery to diminish the cost of production, and thou 
 sands of employes are discharged, and swell the army of 
 tramps. All the time the situation is growing more des 
 perate, for the purchasing power of the people is falling. 
 The larger houses consolidate to reduce expenses and the 
 smaller establishments, unable to compete with these 
 gigantic concerns, perish in the conflict, and we have a 
 crisis. Finally, when the vast stores of merchandise have 
 been wasted and destroyed by competition, a season of ac 
 tivity dawns on the country, and people say that we have 
 good times. Another period of over-production comes 
 again, another period of starvation, another crisis ; and 
 this has been the history of the industrial system of civil 
 ized nations for the last two hundred years. 
 
 "As the productive power of civilization advances, the 
 demand for labor will diminish, and this will necessitate 
 a contraction of the purchasing power, and the gap will 
 widen with every step forward. Wealth will become con 
 tracted more and more, the middle class will disappear, 
 and the ranks of the masses will be swollen by large an 
 nual accessions from those who have been driven from 
 the field of industry. But profits must decrease with the 
 reduction of the purchasing power of laborers, till finally 
 the inducements will not be sufficient to encounter the 
 risks in business, and industry will wane, and civilization 
 
152 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 will retrograde. It is the inevitable result of the profit 
 system. 
 
 "But people say that competition, that involves waste, 
 is beneficial to the community, for it gives employment 
 to the idle. If waste is an advantage to industry, why not 
 make a bonfire of all goods that cannot be sold in the mar 
 ket ? This would immediately destroy the curse of over 
 production, and industry would not be hampered, and 
 years of distress and poverty would be avoided. This has 
 been done on several occasions in order to create a de 
 mand for commodities. The Oriental Company in Mod- 
 tian destroyed shiploads of corn and rice which had been 
 held for high price until they were inju r ed, and imme 
 diately prices were advanced so that the profits on the 
 amounts saved compensated for the loss sustained in the 
 waste. 
 
 "As all wealth is produced by labor, waste must come 
 from the sweat and brawn, bone and sinew, of the toilers. 
 Cloth that is retailed at seventy-five cents per yard cost 
 the manufacturer for material and labor twelve cents. 
 Clothes worth eleven dollars are retailed at seventy dol 
 lars. The difference between the cost and the retail price, 
 goes in profits to the manufacturer and the middlemen. 
 Eliminate these profits, and this waste of energy, and the 
 laborer will be well paid for his services, and the nation 
 will not be cursed by over-production ; for when the wage- 
 earner receives full compensation for his toil, he will live 
 comfortably and his patronage will increase the sale of 
 all those articles that administer to human desires. Here 
 is a man engaged in a shoe factory, and he earns ten dol 
 lars per week, whereas he produces fifty dollars worth 
 of wealth in the same period of time. An operative in a 
 woolen factory likewise produces fifty dollars of wealth 
 in a week, and receives ten dollars in payment. The shoe 
 operative must work five weeks in order to purchase fifty 
 dollars worth of clothes, and the operative in the woolen 
 factory must work five weeks in order to purchase fifty 
 dollars worth of shoes. Eliminate the profits and waste 
 of our competitive system, and each man could procure 
 the desired quantity of articles for one week s labor. 
 Therefore the hours of labor, under a co-operative com- 
 
I5EYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 153 
 
 monwealth, would be reduced to one-fifth of the present 
 working day. 
 
 "The advantages of co-operation are demonstrated in 
 the management of the trusts. The price of oil a few 
 years ago was fifteen cents per gallon. Since the forma 
 tion of the National Oil Trust, the retail price is nine 
 cents per gallon, and the cost is one cent per gallon, mak 
 ing a profit to the company of eight cents per gallon. It 
 is true that the oil company pays its men fair wages ; but 
 if the industry were owned and operated by society, the 
 hours of labor would be reduced, thereby giving employ 
 ment to thousands of employers who are now walking 
 the streets ; and, at the same time, the price of oil could 
 be reduced to one-third of its present cost. Let the iron 
 trust pass under governmental control, and the hours of 
 labor will be likewise reduced, and demand for labor will 
 be increased. If the other gigantic concerns, were con 
 ducted by society, the same results would follow. 
 
 "The trusts, having no competitors to meet, avoid all 
 waste, and having complete. control of their industries, are 
 exposed to no risks, and therefore can place their products 
 on the market for one-fifth the cost entailed by small con 
 cerns. But the trusts will never reduce the hours of 
 wages when there is such a vast supply of labor. If their 
 employes form a union and go on a strike, there are thou 
 sands of others w r ho will only be too glad to fill their 
 places. The government cannot justly interfere, for they 
 can claim that it would be impossible for them to conduct 
 business on a four or two-hour working day. In fact, to 
 force the trusts to shorten the hours of labor or reduce 
 the price of their commodities would be a violation of in 
 dividual liberty, the pride and boast, the life and soul of 
 trade. If the government can legislate in fixing the hours 
 of labor, or the price of commodities, then it has a right to 
 conduct the business enterprises of the nation." 
 
154 BEYOND THE BLACKOCEAN 
 
 CHAPTER XVII. 
 
 Gilhooley and McGillicuddy were devoted friends of 
 the Einstein family, and as they displayed every indica 
 tion of enamored youths, it was generally understood that 
 Miss Biddy and Miss Mary Ann would some day be led 
 to the altar of Hymen by the editors of "The Flaming 
 Sword." Lord Jesse continued his devotion to the cause 
 of reform, and was idolized by the laboring class and their 
 defenders, and especially by Isaac and Abraham. They 
 were inseparable companions. Lord Jesse was also a fre 
 quent visitor at the Einstein mansion, and seemed to be 
 very fond of Miss Biddy, but, as she never appeared in 
 public with anyone but Isaac, it was supposed that she 
 would assume the name of Mrs. Gilhooley, in preference 
 to Lady Jesse. While Biddy admired the Danish noble 
 man for the sacrifices he had made for the triumph of 
 justice, and on account of his attachment to her affianced 
 husband and his companion, yet she did not approve of his 
 gallantry, especially with some of the married ladies of 
 Deboreh, and she spoke to her father about the matter, 
 and thought that it would be prudent to exclude him from 
 their home. Mr. Einstein, however, took a different view 
 of the matter. 
 
 "After all," he said, in speaking to his daughter, "we 
 cannot criminate Lord Jesse for responding to the many 
 invitations from the fair sex, for he is a stranger in our 
 country, and totally ignorant of any impropriety in riding 
 in a carriage with a married woman. As long as they 
 move in the best society, the presumption is that their 
 conduct meets with public approval. No ; Lord Jesse has 
 many noble traits, and we must not condemn him for tri 
 vial indiscretions. I mean trivial on his part, inasmuch 
 as he is not cognizant of the indecorum. If some one 
 would speak to him about the matter, I know he would 
 be more circumspect in the future." 
 
 "Well, papa, why do you not have a conference with 
 him, or tell Isaac or Abraham to act in your place?" 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 155 
 
 "Yes, I will refer the matter to the boys, and they can 
 remonstrate with Jesse in an amicable spirit, and as they 
 are intimate friends, he will not be offended." 
 
 About two weeks later, Isaac and Abraham were con 
 versing on this subject in the editorial office. 
 
 "I agree with Mr. Einstein arid the girls," remarked 
 the former, "that Jesse has been rather indiscreet, but I 
 attribute his improprieties to his ignorance of our social 
 laws." 
 
 "In fact," replied Abraham, "this is the excuse he ren 
 dered when I broached the question to him, and he went 
 on to say he would be more prudent in the future. It is 
 very true that he would create suspicion, as he avers, if he 
 would sever his relation with these people immediately; 
 or even if he would ignore their invitations, unfavorable 
 comments would be made by those whom he has neg 
 lected. But it would not create any adverse criticism if 
 he were to abandon the society of Mrs. Gehtheimer, for 
 people would say that he was nauseated with her mascu 
 line character and rude manners, and I think he would be 
 applauded for his discernment." 
 
 "But at the same time," replied Isaac, "he might asso 
 ciate with that old hag forever and the tongue of calumny 
 would be silent, for she is an antidote to virile propensi 
 ties, and her presence would inspire the moral weakling 
 with sentiments of single blessedness. If all women were 
 like her, the world would be filled with celibates. But 
 there is some danger in his relations with Mrs. Reisan. 
 She is not over thirty years of age, and her husband is at 
 least fifteen or twenty years her senior. Besides, he is 
 not attractive, while she is both charming in appearance 
 and vivacious in disposition, and Lord Jesse should not 
 encourage the affection which seems to be drawing them 
 closer together. I would not suspect either, for he is a 
 man of noble aspirations, and while I have no admira 
 tion for Mrs. Reisan, at the same time I know that she is a 
 faithful wife. But as the divine oracle says, He that lov- 
 eth danger shall perish in it/ and both have jeopardized 
 their innocence and their reputation by too much famil 
 iarity. * 
 
 "Not only have they jeopardized their reputation, but 
 
156 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 they have marred their social status. The public have 
 been scandalized by their demeanor, and many have pre 
 dicted a divorce in the. Reisan home." 
 
 "By the way, when we referred to the Gehtheimer fam 
 ily, it reminds me of poor Teddy. Is it not a pity that he 
 cannot see that connubial relations with that family will 
 degrade him in the esteem of all respectable people?" 
 
 "Teddy is hypnotized by Lucile, and he imagines that 
 she is a goddess of beauty and an angel of perfection." 
 
 "She is a handsome girl, but the vile character of her 
 mother would be enough for me." 
 
 "There is no doubt that the old lady was a demi-mode 
 in her youthful days." 
 
 "Not only a d emi-monde, but a child of the demi 
 monde. Her mother was a mistress of the lower world, 
 and every bone and muscle, every inch of flesh and drop 
 of blood in the composition of that old hag, is impregnated 
 with the virus of corruption. Teddy Einstein -should have 
 more manhood than to bring the blush of shame to his 
 pure-minded sisters by associating with that family, and 
 especially by cementing his affection with the nuptial bond. 
 You are engaged to Miss Mary Ann, and I intend to 
 marry Miss Biddy, and we should take the matter in hand. 
 It is an affair which concerns our honor. But, Abraham, 
 I do not know what to do. You saw how indignant Teddy 
 became when we expostulated with him. He threatened 
 to strike me yesterday, if I ever presumed again to speak 
 in disparaging terms of his mother-in-law, as he called 
 her." 
 
 "What did you say in defense of your conduct?" 
 
 "Well, I did not wish to tell him all I knew, but I re 
 ferred to Mrs. Gehtheimer s enmity to us personally, and 
 quoted the conversation between her and Mrs. Reisan, 
 when both ladies vowed that The Flaming Sword should 
 be destroyed and its editors would ere long be incarcer 
 ated in the State prison. I, also, called his attention to the 
 language used by Mrs. Reisan at the Queen s Club, when 
 she said that it would be her delight to see us tied to a 
 whipping-post, and lashed till every drop of blood had 
 oozed from our veins, and that Mrs. Gehtheimer em 
 phasized her malice by declaring that we should be hanged 
 
BEYOND THE CLACK OCEAN 157 
 
 and quartered, and our heads posted on the courthouse 
 tower. 
 
 "By the way," interrupted Abraham, "it s striking four, 
 and I am engaged to speak to the railroad employes this 
 evening at Labor Hail on the South Side, and I promised 
 to take tea with Mr. Lohman at five; so I must go." 
 
 "What time shall I see you again, Mac ?" 
 
 "Not before ten o clock. The speech will not begin 
 until eight, and I will talk about an hour and a half, or two 
 hours, and when I get back to the hotel, it may be after 
 ten." 
 
 "Well, good-by till then," said Isaac. 
 
 "Good-by, Gil," and Mr. McGillicuddy left the office. 
 
 The next morning the city of Deboreh was startled 
 with the information that Teddy Einstein had been mur 
 dered in the Jechonias Park. His body was discovered 
 on the south side of the lagoon in a lonely spot, called the 
 Cascade, which was screened by a thick growth of trees 
 and shrubbery. His throat was cut, and there was every 
 indication of a fierce struggle. Evidently the assassin had 
 choked his victims to prevent an outcry. The hands were 
 cut in several places, and the impression was that Einstein 
 had grasped the weapon in his effort to save his life. 
 
 Was it a robbery ? The opinion was immediately dis 
 carded, for his watch, jewelry and money had not been 
 molested. The first intimation of the assassination was 
 borne to McGillicuddy by two officers, who came to arrest 
 the editors of "The Flaming Sword." 
 
 "Teddy Einstein murdered !" cried McGillicuddy. 
 
 "Yes, murdered, and you are accused of the crime." 
 
 "I accused of the crime of killing my own friend ! Why 
 the presumption is absurd ! But I cannot believe that 
 Teddy is dead. You say that he was killed last night ?" 
 
 "Yes, he was killed 1 ast night, and, as officers of the 
 law, we are armed with warrants for your arrest. If you 
 are innocent, you will be able to disprove the accusation." 
 
 Abraham was taken before the city judge for examina 
 tion, and asked to state what he knew about the murder. 
 
 "I know nothing," said he. "I remember last night, 
 when I returned from Labor Hall, that Isaac showed me a 
 note from Teddy Einstein, asking for an interview in the 
 
158 BEYOND THE BLACK. OCEAN 
 
 Jechonias Park at eight o clock, and he told me that he 
 went to the place, at the hour designated, but failed to 
 see Teddy." 
 
 "Where was he to meet Einstein?" 
 
 "At the monument." 
 
 "You were not with him ?" 
 
 "How could I be with him in the Park and at Labor 
 Hall at the same time? asked Abraham. 
 
 "What time did you go to Labor Hall?" 
 
 "About eight o clock." 
 
 "What time did you leave there?" 
 
 "About ten minutes to ten." 
 
 "Where did you go then?" 
 
 "Directly to the hotel." 
 
 "What time did you arrive at the hotel ?" 
 
 "Possibly at twenty minutes past ten." 
 
 "You did not leave the hotel after that hour?" 
 
 "No, not last night. Of course I left this morning, or 
 I would not be here now." 
 
 "What did Gilhooley say when you met him last 
 night ?" 
 
 "He told me that he went to the monument at eight 
 o clock, and staid there until after nine ; and, as Teddy did 
 not appear, he thought it was very strange, and on his way 
 home he called at Einstein s to inquire for him. Mr. Ein 
 stein said that Teddy had left in the afternoon, and had not 
 yet returned." 
 
 "Well, Mr. McGillicuddy, if you have some one to go 
 your bond, which I will fix at ten thousand dollars, you 
 may have your liberty for a few days." 
 
 "O, yes, I can get a thousand men in this city to go 
 bail for me. Kindly wire to David Meyers." 
 
 Mr. Meyers responded willingly, and Abraham was re 
 leased from custody. 
 
 The following note had been found in Teddy s pocket : 
 "Mr. Teddy Einstein : 
 
 "Dear Sir You have persisted in consorting with the 
 daughter of a vile wretch, and because I have remonstrated 
 with you, through the respect I have for your family, you 
 have taken revenge in the lowest and basest calumny 
 reporting that my mother was never married, and had 
 
JBEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 159 
 
 been renounced by her father for criminal relations with a 
 Confederate officer, and that I am the child of unhallowed 
 passion. You have, also, spoken disrespectfully of Mc- 
 Gillicuddy s mother. You must either retract those state 
 ments or suffer the consequences. I will meet you this 
 evening in the Jechonias Park, at the monument, at eight 
 o clock, and if you disavow the statements, I will offer 
 you the hand of friendship ; but if you persist in your 
 obstinacy, you must be prepared for a duel. Yours truly, 
 
 "ISAAC GILHOOLEY," 
 
 "I approve the action of my friend, Gilhooley, and I 
 will be present to see fair play. The duel shall be fought 
 with knives ; so if you decide to fight, come armed with 
 the necessary weapon. 
 
 "ABRAHAM M GILLICUDDY." 
 
 Abraham said that the chirography seemed to point 
 to him and his friend, but he claimed that he had no knowl 
 edge of the note, and denounced it as a forgery. It was 
 ascertained that Gilhooley had left the city early that 
 morning for Meron to visit his mother, and this strength 
 ened the suspicion. The authorities examined the ward 
 robe of the editors, and they discovered a pair of panta 
 loons and vest, the former belonging to Gilhooley and the 
 latter to McGillicuddy ; and both garments were stained 
 with blood. The circumstances were too strong ; and the 
 sheriff immediately wired to Meron authorizing the sheriff 
 of that city to take Gilhooley into custody. It was like 
 a peal of thunder from a cloudless sky, when the officer 
 of Meron informed Gilhooley of Teddy s assassination, 
 and he was amazed when told that he and Abraham were 
 charged with the murder. On his person they found the 
 following note : 
 "Dear Isaac and Abraham : 
 
 "We have long been friends, and I regret the measures 
 you have adopted. I think the difficulty can be satisfac 
 torily settled without resorting to extremes. I will com 
 ply with your wish, and meet you this evening in the Park, 
 at the monument, at eight o clock. Yours very sincerely, 
 
 "TEDDY EINSTEIN." 
 
 How do you account for this note ?" asked the sheriff. 
 
 "I received that note in the last mail yesterday after- 
 
l6o BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 noon. Abraham had already left the office, and I would 
 not see him till late in the evening; so I went alone to 
 the monument, reaching the place about two minutes be 
 fore eight, and I remained till ten minutes past nine. I 
 presumed, then, that it was a joke perpetrated by Teddy, 
 and I determined to go home and say nothing to any one 
 about my visit to the Park, for I knew my friends would 
 ridicule my credulity. However, I decided to call at Mr. 
 Einstein s, and inquire for Teddy, thinking that I would 
 meet him and adjust our difficulties " 
 
 "What difficulties did you have with Teddy?" 
 
 "We had some words a few days ago about his associa 
 tions and nuptial prospects. Teddy is supposed to be 
 engaged to Miss Lucile Gehtheimer, to the humiliation 
 of his family and the disappointment of his friends. Mr. 
 Einstein and the young ladies requested us to use our 
 influence to dissuade Teddy from consorting with the 
 daughter of Mrs. Gehtheimer, for they anticipated that his 
 friendship for the young lady would be sealed by a matri 
 monial alliance. Abraham and I spoke to Teddy on the 
 subject, but he was obstinate in his position. In the early 
 part of the week, I referred to the question, when I was 
 alone with Teddy, and he became furious and threatened 
 to slap me in the face, if I ever dared to derogate from the 
 honor due to his mother-in-law. Since then, we have not 
 seen him, and when I received his note, I was mystified, 
 because he wrote as if it were in answer to some proposi 
 tion I had made, and I am not cognizant of having made 
 any proposition to him." 
 
 "Mr. Gilhooley, shall you accompany me without 
 forcing me to obtain requisition papers from the Gover 
 nor?" 
 
 "Why, certainly. I intended to return on the late train 
 this evening, and I will go with you now, if you are 
 ready." 
 
 "The next train leaves here at half-past one this after 
 noon," said the sheriff, "and we will go on that train." 
 
 When Isaac arrived at the station that afternoon, he 
 was met by a host of friends, who declared their belief in 
 his innocence, and swore to be faithful to him in his trou 
 bles. His examining trial took place the next morning, 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN l6l 
 
 and his bond was fixed at twenty thousand dollars, and 
 Mr. Einstein offered the security. The family of the vic 
 tim would not for a moment entertain any suspicion that 
 Isaac and Abraham were guilty of the crime with which 
 they were charged, and in the depths of their sorrow 
 offered their sympathy to the editors of "The Flaming 
 Sword." The young men were deeply gratified for this 
 taken of confidence in their innocence, and they accepted 
 Mr. Einstein s view, that it was a plot to destroy the hap 
 piness of his family, and to bring the defenders of the 
 laboring element into disrepute, and to paralyze the in 
 fluence of the reform journal. Lord Jesse did not ex 
 press a decided opinion, but said that if they were guilty 
 he would never again repose any confidence in human 
 nature. 
 
 "I cannot think that two men of their character would 
 play the role of assassins ; yet the circumstances are 
 criminating. I hope they will be able to exculpate them 
 selves, for I had expected great things from those young 
 men, and it would make me a misanthrope should I be 
 disappointed in my expectations. Besides, with the con 
 demnation of Gilhooley and McGillicuddy, the cause of 
 labor and the triumph of justice are defeated." 
 
 The assassination of Teddy Einstein was a sword to the 
 heart of his family, and caused profound grief among his 
 friends. His funeral was one of the largest that ever took 
 place in Deboreh. Isaac and Abraham were among the 
 mourners, and it was a surprise to the public when the 
 first walked into the church with Miss Biddy and the sec 
 ond with Miss Mary Ann. Mrs. Reisan made a remark 
 to Mrs. Gehtheimer about the intimacy of the editors 
 with the Einsteins, and her companion replied that the two 
 editors had so enchanted the Einstein family that "the 
 black stain of murder has no power to break the charm. 
 The Einsteins are such respectable people, I am perfectly 
 astonished that they would select such base-born friends." 
 
 "I have heard something very derogatory about the 
 paternity of Gilhooley," said Mrs. Reisan. 
 
 "O, there is no doubt about the question. His mother 
 was a daughter of Jeremiah Rosenthal, the banker of 
 Engeddi ; and her father sent her to Simeon to finish her 
 
l62 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 studies in art. On the ship she met a young Confederate 
 officer, who paid her frequent visits after she was matricu 
 lated at the Academy of Music in Rubek. When Mr. 
 Rosenthal went over to bring his daughter home, he 
 found that she had contracted a liaison with young Mose 
 Gilhooley, and was enceinte as a result of her illicit love 
 Mr. Rosenthal renounced nis daughter and came home 
 and married. The mistake made by Louise Rosenthal, 
 like all illegal relations, terminated very unfortunately for 
 the poor girl. The wretch, who made her the victim of 
 his lust, abandoned his paramour when her pregnancy 
 became apparent, and she was necessitated to seek refuge 
 in the bagnios of Rubek. In the course of time, when the 
 gay world lost its charms for her, she attempted to reform, 
 and she returned to this country and was adopted by the 
 Gilhooley family, who pitied Isaac, the illegitimate off 
 spring of Moses Gilhooley, the Confederate officer." 
 
 "I heard that story before," said Mrs. Reisan, "but I 
 did not know that it had been authenticated." 
 
 "Authenticated beyond doubt; and I can go farther, 
 and say that McGillicuddy s antecedents are not any bet 
 ter, but they are not so well known, as his parentage is 
 wrapped in obscurity." 
 
 The funeral sermon was delivered, and the remains of 
 Teddy Einstein were laid to rest in the family vault in 
 Cave Hill cemetery. Thus closed the tragedy which 
 blighted the hopes of youthful hearts, palpitating with the 
 first warm kiss of innocent love. 
 
 CHAPTER XVIII. 
 
 Miss Biddy Einstein was engaged in reading the latest 
 issue of "The Flaming Sword," when Mr. Nehlmeyer 
 stepped into the hall and greeted her father. The topics 
 of the day were freely discussed, and in a short time the 
 trio were deeply involved in a conversation of the justice 
 and wisdom of Socialism. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 163 
 
 "I agree with The Flaming Sword/ " said Nehl- 
 meyer, "that Socialism is the only remedy for the evils of 
 this age ; yet I think it would be better not to criminate 
 the capitalists, for that engenders a class hatred, and in 
 tensifies the situation. Many people imagine that the ob 
 ject of the Socialists consists in enmity to the wealthy." 
 
 "There is a splendid paper on that phase of the ques 
 tion in this week s issue of The Sword/ " said Miss Bid 
 dy, "and I think it will contribute largely to dissipate that 
 error. Have you read it yet, Mr. Nehlmeyer?" 
 
 "No, I have not seen the paper." 
 
 Well, here it is ; and I want you to read it before we 
 go any farther." 
 
 "Why, certainly, with much pleasure," said Mr. Nehl 
 meyer; and, taking the paper from the young lady, he 
 perused the following article : 
 
 "The capitalist is not responsible for the evils of the 
 competitive system ; but he is the product of the system, 
 and were he to abandon the methods that govern modern 
 industry, he would be victimized by forces beyond his con 
 trol. Ten men engage in manufacturing cloth. They 
 pay their employes three dollars per day, and still they 
 make reasonable profits. All are satisfied, with one ex 
 ception. This ambitious individual dreams of a crystal 
 palace with golden halls. His daughter is destined to rule 
 the elite society of New Israel. She is too noble to mingle 
 with the plebeian herd of her native land, and must seek 
 an alliance with some aristocratic house beyond the bil 
 lows of the deep. But she is not the scion of a titled sire, 
 and she must purchase a name with bars of gold. The 
 profits realized in his business are too meager to enable his 
 child to triumph over the obscurity of her origin, and win 
 the smiles of the gartered knight of the castle. 
 
 "He has one thousand men employed. If he could 
 reduce their wages one-third it would enable him to save 
 one thousand dollars per day on the labor of his men. 
 This would make an annual profit of $350,000. He informs 
 his employes that times are hard, the financial market is 
 stringent, and they must be contented with two dollars 
 per day. The men remonstrate with him against this 
 measure, call his attention to the fact that other manufac- 
 
164 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 turers are paying three dollars per day, and they can not 
 work for less. But the manufacturer is obstinate. The 
 employes grow indignant, hold, a meeting, and decide to 
 suspend operations unless their demands are granted. But 
 all in vain. The employer must accumulate a fortune in 
 a few years, and this will be an impossibility unless his 
 profits are enhanced. The men go on a strike. The fac 
 tory is closed. The employer seeks labor in other cities, 
 but his efforts are useless. Industry is active, wages are 
 reasonable, and his inducements are scorned. 
 
 "His competitors are getting more trade, and are 
 thinking of increasing their force. He sees that he is 
 conquered. He goes to the strikers with a bland smile, 
 and requests them to resume operation, saying that he is 
 unable to pay higher wages, but he wants to be just to his 
 employes, if he does not make any money. The next year 
 the manufacturer hears of a machine that will dispense 
 with half the labor now employed. He imports this ma 
 chine and selects five hundred of his most efficient men, 
 and discharges the others. These who are dismissed, 
 seeing that a strike will have no effect, offer to work for 
 two dollars and a half per day. The others drop to two 
 dollars per day, and yet five hundred men are on the labor 
 market. 
 
 "They go to the next factory and offer their services 
 for one dollar and fifty cents per day. But the employer 
 says, "I have introduced a new machine which dispenses 
 with half of the labor formerly employed, and I have just 
 dismissed five hundred men." These two brigades move 
 on to the third factory. Competition has forced the man 
 agement in that establishment to introduce new methods, 
 and half the men have been discharged. The army of 
 fifteen hundred moves on to the fourth factory, and con 
 ditions being the same, their ranks are increased by an 
 other regiment. When they reach the fifth factory they 
 are joined by the entire working force, including the pro 
 prietor, for he, not being able to purchase the new ma 
 chinery, is unable to contend with his competitors, and is 
 driven from the bloody arena. A few months more, and 
 the five other establishments meet with the same fate. 
 
 "Why did not the nine honest men combine against 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN Ii/} 5 
 
 the first ? Why did they follow his example ? Because, if 
 they had not adopted the machinery, and reduced the 
 labor force, and the wages of their employes, the first 
 could have put his wares on the market at a lower figure, 
 and ruined their trade. The capitalist, therefore, is not 
 responsible for the evils of the system, but he is guilty of 
 the crimes of individualism if he supports the system. 
 
 "A husbandman had prepared a net to entrap the 
 crows that were devouring his crops, and when he went to 
 examine his contrivance, he found a stork. The bird 
 said: I am not a crow, and I have not destroyed your 
 crops. That may be very true, said the husbandman, 
 but I have discovered you with those who were destroy 
 ing my crops, and you must expect to suffer with the com 
 pany in which you were taken. So, if the capitalist sup 
 ports the system of robbery, he is guilty of the crimes of 
 robbery in spite of his protestations of innocence. Christ 
 says, He that is- not with me is against me/ and Socialists 
 say that those who are opposed to collectivism are the 
 enemies of mankind. 
 
 "We have quite a number of millionaire Socialists 
 both in this country and New Israel, and yet they are com 
 pelled to adopt the methods of individualism until the in 
 auguration of collectivism. 
 
 "When machinery was first introduced into the coun 
 tries of the old world, laborers waged a fierce crusade 
 against the improvements in productions, for they saw 
 that it meant privation and poverty to them instead of 
 ease and luxury. Bands of toilers were formed for the 
 express purpose of destroying machinery, and they would 
 sally forth under the wings of nocturnal shadows, and 
 break the new invention that had been introduced. The 
 pen of the poet would utterly fail to describe the sorrow 
 that followed in the wake of invention. We read of the 
 terrible massacres of ancient history, and we are shocked 
 by the barbarities of those savage times. But the victims 
 of invention have been more numerous than all the wars 
 that have desolated the globe from the earliest days of the 
 human race until the glorious civilization of the nineteenth 
 century. Under Socialism, machinery would be utilized to 
 diminish human toil, and fill the home of the laborer with 
 
1 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 every comfort and every joy. Instead of dismissing men 
 with the introduction of labor-saving" improvements into 
 the factories, we have instanced, the entire force would be 
 retained, and the hours of the working day would be di 
 minished. 
 
 "We have made wonderful advances in productive facil 
 ities in the last quarter of a century. To-day the Kidron 
 slaughter-houses, with the introduction of improved 
 methods, save large quantities of an animal that were 
 formerly wasted. The bone, sinew, blood and hair of 
 swine are utilized, and the by-products of a steer are now 
 worth more than the meat. Forty different articles are 
 made from the by-products of petroleum. The trusts have 
 dispensed with the labor of five hundred thousand men 
 and have thereby saved millions of dollars. In the course 
 of fifty years labor will be almost dispensed with, and 
 under individualism the working class are doomed to 
 perish. 
 
 "The capitalist will seek his profits as usual. The two 
 great parties of this country hold out inducements for the 
 perpetuation of individualism, and decry the pretensions 
 of Socialism. I use individualism in the industrial sense 
 of the word. What do the parties offer as a panacea for 
 the ever-increasing evils of the competitive system ? The 
 Protectionists say that we must protect our laborers by 
 imposing a high tariff on all foreign imports. In the first 
 place, this remedy is an insult to the laborer, who is rep 
 resented as a helpless infant, who could not live unless 
 shielded by the strong arm of the law. The laborer needs 
 no other protection than the right to the fruit of his toil. 
 If he were not robbed by the capitalist of the wealth which 
 he produces, there would be no necessity for protection. 
 
 "Again, to keep out foreign products in order to pro 
 tect the laborers of this country from the necessity of 
 competing with the low wages of New Israel, is an ad 
 mission that competition is disastrous. If it be the life of 
 trade, as individualism contends, why should we adopt 
 measures to prevent it? Why not make it universal? 
 Competition is founded on the principle that wages is 
 regulated by supply and demand. When supply is greater 
 than demand wages will be low ; and when wages is low, 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 167 
 
 competition forces down the price of commodities, and 
 thus the requirements of the laborer can be satisfied with 
 his small income. 
 
 "But the Protectionists maintain that a high tariff 
 would not only increase prices and therefore advance 
 wages, but is a source of revenue. This statement con 
 tains a contradiction. If the tariff is high enough to pre 
 vent foreign importations altogether, revenue from this 
 source immediately ceases ; and if the foreign manufac 
 turer is enabled to sell his commodities in spite of the high 
 tariff, the protection immediately ceases. If we wish to 
 protect our home industries, we should close our harbors 
 to the ships of the world. If we did not wish to resort to 
 such drastic measures, it would be cheaper to give a 
 bounty for the encouragement of our industries. To raise 
 this by taxation would entail less expense than our pres 
 ent mode of collecting tariff, for now, in addition to the 
 tax levied on industry, we are necessitated to keep an 
 army of officials for the purpose of collecting this tax. 
 Moreover, protection is based on the supposition that we 
 are able to consume all our produce, and if other nations 
 did not interfere with the extent of our trade by the im 
 portation of their materials, every furnace would be aglow 
 with the white heat of industry ; every city would be filled 
 with the noise of anvil and bellows, the hum of mill and 
 factory, the babel of human voices exchanging commodi 
 ties in the store and on the market square ; and every field 
 would be alive with the music of the reaper and the 
 mower ; and every meadow would echo with the bleating 
 of the flocks and the lowing of the kine. The painters of 
 these dazzling dreams of commercial splendor forget that 
 we could support the world with our present force of 
 mechanical skill, and, therefore, it is puerile to think that 
 the appetites and desires of the Toadian people can be so 
 enormously increased by a high protective tariff, so as to 
 consume the products of our industries. And even if we 
 had the desire, how can the laboring class consume their 
 ratio of the products when their purchasing power is so 
 reduced by the profit system? 
 
 "The object of civilization is to give man all the com- 
 
1 68 
 
 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN. 
 
 forts of life, with the least exertion, so that he may de 
 vote his time to mental pursuits ; and this is what the gov 
 ernment of individualism fails to accomplish. A farmer 
 is engaged in raising corn. Some distance away another 
 husbandman grows wheat. A middleman opens a store, 
 and buys the corn of the first for fifty cents per bushel and 
 sells it to the latter for seventy-five cents per bushel. He, 
 likewise, purchases the wheat of the latter for fifty cents 
 per bushel and sells it to the former for seventy-five cents 
 per bushel. The middleman makes twenty-five cents on 
 every transaction, and the farmers lose the same amount. 
 The middleman is a parasite living on the labor of his two 
 customers. But the picture is very faintly drawn. Here 
 we have one parasite living on two producers, whereas 
 there are twenty parasites subsisting on the toil of one 
 producer. Ninety-five per cent of our population are para 
 sites, and that is the reason for the slow advance of So 
 cialism. Men rebel against the introduction of a just sys 
 tem of industry, for economic justice would force them to 
 earn their living by the sweat of their brow. 
 
 "The remedies proposed by the exponents of the two 
 great parties call to my mind the ancient fable. The cat 
 offered her assistance to the sick hen, and the latter re 
 plied, "Do you be good enough to leave me, and I have no 
 fear but I shall soon be well." Let the Protectionists and 
 the Liberals and all the throng of parasites get off the 
 back of the laborer, and he will soon be well, prosperous 
 and contented. The Presidential campaign is inaugu 
 rated; each party clamors for power, promising grand 
 results if elected. The successful party is enthroned, and 
 its disciples are looking for the birth of a new era, but, 
 like the mountain in labor, the disgruntled multitude are 
 undeceived in the birth of a mouse. 
 
 "We have seen that the Protectionist party offers no 
 remedies for the social evils that afflict civilized nations. 
 The specific proposed by the Liberals is equally futile. If 
 we sell our grain to Dan, the Toadian farmer is con 
 strained to compete with the poorly paid husbandmen of 
 Kurush, Arabic and Simeon. Dan imports her hardware 
 and cloth to Toadia, and our laborers must enter into 
 competition and accept the low wages paid by the manu- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 169 
 
 facturers of Asher and Zabulon to the employes engaged 
 in these industries. Hence, competition becomes uni 
 versal, and, therefore, more complex. The laborers can 
 not combine and make a world-wide fight against capital ; 
 but the latter can consolidate its forces against labor, 
 and arm itself with a sword of power that Omnipotence 
 alone can annihilate. Free trade is a question that con 
 cerns the capitalist alone, but has no message for labor. 
 In the universal struggle for trade, the stronger nations 
 succeed, and the weaker must perish. 
 
 To presume that we can feed the world implies that 
 other nations cannot feed themselves. Now, if they can 
 not feed themselves, they must produce other articles 
 which they sell to us in exchange for our commodities, 
 and hence we must import as much in one line as we ex 
 port in another, as foreign nations cannot buy our pro 
 duce, unless they sell sufficient quantities of their produce 
 to make their purchases. Trade between two nations is 
 based on the presumption that one country can produce 
 certain commodities cheaper than another. Our facilities 
 for raising wheat are greater than those enjoyed; by the 
 farmers of Dan; but the Danish factories can produce 
 cloth with less espense than the factories of Toadia. 
 Hence we sell cereals to the operatives in the Danish fac 
 tories ; but they must sell their cloth to our people, in or 
 der to get money to make the purchases. Therefore, the 
 employes in our manufacturing establishments lose as 
 much trade by the importation of cloth as our farmers 
 make by the exportation of wheat. 
 
 "There are some commodities which cannot be grown 
 in this country, such as tea and coffee, and we purchase 
 these from Nachin, and pay for them in such products 
 of our climate as cannot be raised in the Orient. Since 
 every nation supports itself, and must support itself, 
 foreign trade is simply an exchange for equivalents, and 
 does not increase the sale of any nation above its pur 
 chases, and the scramble for foreign trade is simply a 
 waste of energy. To-day both parties are building their 
 hopes on foreign trade. The Protectionists claim that we 
 should hold Heron and Ammon and extend our dominion 
 into the Orient, for the sake of foreign trade ; and while 
 
170 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 the free trade party does not advocate territorial expan 
 sion, yet it is founded on commercial expansion. 
 
 "Both contend that commercial expansion is the glory 
 of the nation. It is, they say, essential to our industries, 
 and without it we are doomed to perish. We have seen 
 that this doctrine is an absurdity, and history contradicts 
 the assumption that foreign trade advances the prosper 
 ity of nations. For one hundred years Dan has been the 
 greatest commercial nation in the trans-arctic world. She 
 has been feeding on the weaker nations, and yet she is 
 full of paupers. The condition of the laboring class is far 
 more deplorable than it was in the thirteenth century, be 
 fore foreign trade was known. Her people have been 
 driven by the pangs of hunger to seek refuge in frozen 
 zones, and her colonists, though bled by the plutocrats 
 of Hosea, are more prosperous than her home popula 
 tion. A few years ago a number of immigrants were on 
 a ship bound for the shores of the New World. When 
 they reached this country they were interviewed by a re 
 porter for a daily paper, and each was requested to give 
 his reason for leaving his native land and seeking- refuge 
 under the glitter of western stars. Many acknowledged 
 that it was poverty that brought them to Toadia. But 
 among them was an Ephraimite, who said, "It was not 
 poverty that brought me to this country, for I had plenty 
 of that at home/ 
 
 "We have made much of the distressed condition of 
 the Ephraimitic population ; but statistics prove that the 
 poverty of the Danish laborer is more deplorable than 
 the peasants of the sister island. The people of Ephraim 
 imagine that it is the foreign government which has im 
 poverished them, and their open rebellion against the 
 domination of the Lion has attracted the attention of all 
 civilized nations, and all peoples have become familiar 
 with their sad conditions. The Danish people are ruled by 
 the court of Hosea, the capital of their native land ; and, 
 actuated by a spirit of love and patriotism, they attribute 
 their poverty to natural causes, instead of social malad 
 justments. It is the bad government that oppressed 
 Ephraim, and the same bad government has impoverished 
 Dan, and has blighted every civilized nation in the world. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 1^1 
 
 It is the government of plutocracy, waging an incessant 
 and remorseless war against the rights of labor, against 
 justice, love and humanity. Home rule, or independence, 
 would be no advantage to the Ephraimites as long as the 
 means of production are in the hands of a few titled 
 drones. 
 
 "Asher has enjoyed foreign trade longer than any 
 other nation, and yet her people are slowly starving and 
 passing away. Nephthali and Zabulon have a large trade 
 in the distant realms of the east and west, and among the 
 islands of the stormy flood, and yet their people are 
 poorer than they were six hundred years ago, when the 
 light of civilization was lingering on their mountain peaks 
 and the shadows of barbarism still brooded over their val 
 leys, and wrapped their rills and streams and meads and 
 leas in the sombre folds of pagan darkness. 
 
 "The Protectionists and Liberals remind me of the 
 story enshrined in the works of the ancient fabulist. A 
 man whose head was crowned with a wealth of black hair 
 streaked with grey, married two wives. One was sev 
 eral years his senior, and the other was several years 
 his junior. The elder lady was anxious to see her 
 husband don the appearance of age, so that she would not 
 suffer by contrast, and she manifested her solicitude by 
 pulling out the black hairs from his head. The other 
 spouse was equally desirous that he should retain his 
 youthful appearance, and she employed her leisure hours 
 in pulling out the grey hairs. The gallant hero of two 
 fond hearts was delighted with the manifestations of af 
 fection on the part of his wives, till finally he was sur 
 prised to learn that he was entirely bald by the double op 
 eration. The laborer to-day is being picked by the two 
 great parties of the nation under the pretense of affec 
 tion, and in a few years from now he will realize the sad 
 condition of his nakedness." 
 
 "That is a very able defense of Socialism," said Mr. 
 Nehlmeyer, when he had finished the communication. 
 
 "I think," said Mr. Einstein, "that it contains the 
 most cogent plea that I have ever read on the question." 
 
 For some time they discussed the labor problem, the 
 pretensions of the plutocratic minority, that governed the 
 
172 BEYOND THE BLACE OCEAN 
 
 two leading parties, and the progress that the reform 
 movement was making among the masses. 
 
 "I see," said Mr. Einstein, "there are now twenty-four 
 Socialist papers in Toadia, and within the last few years 
 more than fifty books and pamphlets have been written 
 in defense of collectivism." 
 
 "That is very encouraging," replied Mr. Nehlmeyer. 
 "It shows that the masses are thinking. Ten years ago it 
 was dangerous to speak of Socialism among cultured peo 
 ple, and the laboring class considered it a chimera." 
 
 "Well, like everything in the history of civilization," 
 commented Mr. Einstein, "it takes time to develop the 
 idea. In fact, all new methods have been forced on the 
 world by the law of necessity. Fifty years ago the inau 
 guration of Socialism would have been a failure, for in 
 dustry had not reached that stage of perfection. The 
 trusts are systemizing industry, and it is now time for so 
 ciety to assume the duty of production and distribution." 
 
 "That is very true, and I hope the day is near at hand 
 when we will have the co-operative commonwealth." 
 
 With these words Mr. Nehlmeyer rose to depart, ex 
 pressing his thanks for the pleasure afforded him by his 
 visit to the Einstein home, and promising to return at an 
 early date. 
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 
 During the first week of September the trial of the 
 editors for the murder of Teddy Einstein took place. It 
 was proved by more than fifty witnesses that McGillicuddy 
 was at Labor Hall before eight o clock on the evening of 
 the murder, and that he left there near ten, and returned 
 directly to the hotel. No one saw him leave after that 
 time. Although the note to Teddy was signed in McGil- 
 licuddy s handwriting, yet he persistently denied any 
 knowledge of the note. Abraham was requested to write 
 the same note in the courthouse ; and although the ex 
 perts claimed that there were some slight discrepancies in 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 173 
 
 the formation of some of the letters, yet they maintained 
 that this could easily occur, that there was, no doubt, an 
 attempt to disguise the chirography in the first note, and 
 they sturdily maintained that the same man had written 
 the two notes. The vest was brought into court, and 
 Abraham admitted that it was his garment, but claimed 
 that he did not wear it the evening that the murder was 
 committed. 
 
 "How do you remember that so distinctly?" inquired 
 the attorney for the State. 
 
 "Because I had an invitation to take tea at Mr. Loh- 
 man s at five o clock ; and at noon I put on my best 
 clothes, a new suit, which I had worn but a few times ; 
 and I do not presume that you will call that a new vest." 
 
 It was clear to the court that McGillicuddy had not 
 committed the crime, for his alibi was too well sustained ; 
 and, although the handwriting and the vest were sus 
 picious circumstances, yet the jury rendered a verdict of 
 acquittal without one dissenting voice. 
 
 Isaac was called the next morning, and the court 
 house, including halls and rooms, were crowded by the 
 friends and enemies of the prisoner, newspaper reporters, 
 curiosity-seekers, and the idlers of the city who had no 
 other place to go. The first witness was Mrs. Gehtheimer. 
 She swore that Teddy Einstein came to her home in the 
 afternoon, and showed her the letter which had been found 
 in his pocket by the officers. 
 
 "He was pale and worried, but he said that he had not 
 spoken disrespectfully of Gilhooley s mother, and he felt 
 that the affair could easily be averted. He said that he 
 had written to the editors, offering to meet them at the 
 monument, and promising to be able to exculpate himself 
 from the charges contained in the challenge. We tried to 
 dissuade Teddy from going, for we knew that those young 
 men were dangerous characters, and were silent enemies 
 of the Einstein family, and were merely using their influ 
 ence for political purposes." 
 
 "How do you know that McGillicuddy and Gilhooley 
 were secret enemies of the Einstein family?" asked the 
 attorney for the defense. 
 
 "Because I have heard it frequently ; and they even 
 
174 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 made disparaging and insulting remarks about Miss Biddy 
 and Miss Mary Ann in the presence of Mr. Reisan and 
 Mr. Gehtheimer." 
 
 "Why did not Teddy Einstein take your advice, and 
 keep away from the Park that night ?" 
 
 "He had so much confidence in the gentlemen that he 
 did not think they would injure him. He said they were 
 engaged to his sisters, and they thought that his people 
 were the grandest in the city. He seemed to be hypno 
 tized by those men, though he admitted that unfriendly 
 relations had existed between them and him for some 
 time, on account of the attention he had been paying to 
 my daughter. But he said that it was only a family affair, 
 and he did not consider it serious." 
 
 "What time did Teddy leave for the Park?" 
 
 "We took him down in the carriage about seven in the 
 evening. Mr. Gehtheimer and Lord Jesse went with us. 
 We left Teddy at the monument at about forty minutes 
 past seven. We told him that we would take a drive, and 
 call for him at about nine. Teddy said that it would not 
 be necessary, as his business might detain him longer, 
 and then, again, it might be over in a few minutes, and 
 that he would return in the car. We drove by the monu 
 ment about twenty minutes past nine, or a few minutes 
 later, but as we saw no one, we went home." 
 
 "Did you not see Gilhooley in the Park?" inquired the 
 attorney for the State. 
 
 "We saw him after we left the monument. We passed 
 him as he was walking toward the entry." 
 
 "How did he look?" 
 
 "It was rather dark in the place where we passed him, 
 and I did not notice. In fact, Lord Jesse did not see him 
 either, that is, he did not recognize him till Mr. Gehthei 
 mer made the remark that the gentleman we passed was 
 Mr. Gilhooley." 
 
 "Did you see Teddy Einstein after you left him at the 
 monument?" 
 
 "Not till I saw his corpse at his father s residence." 
 
 The next witness was Mr. Gehtheimer, who confirmed 
 the testimony of his wife in every particular. Lord Jesse 
 was then called on to give his evidence. He stated that he 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 175 
 
 was at the Gehtheimer mansion for dinner that evening, 
 "but as I was a friend of the editors, the family did not 
 speak to me about the matter. They said they were go 
 ing for a drive in the Park, and they asked me to accom 
 pany them. They said that Teddy had an engagement 
 to meet some friends at the monument, but did not men 
 tion the names of the persons he was to meet, nor the na 
 ture of the business they were to transact." 
 
 "Did you not think the Park was a peculiar place to 
 transact business ?" 
 
 "Well, indeed, that thought never entered my mind, 
 as no intimation had been made, and my suspicions were 
 not in the least excited." 
 
 "Did you see Teddy Einstein leave the carriage?" 
 
 "I did." 
 
 "Where did he leave the carriage?" 
 
 "At the monument." 
 
 "What time was that?" 
 
 "I presume that it was near eight o clock." 
 
 "Did you return to the monument?" 
 
 "Yes, a little while after nine." 
 
 "Did you look at your watch?" 
 
 "No, but when we were more than a mile beyond the 
 monument, I heard the clocks striking nine, and called 
 Mrs. Gehtheimer s attention to the fact that it was getting 
 late." 
 
 "Did you see Teddy again that night?" 
 
 "I did not." 
 
 "Did you see Gilhooley in the Park that night?" 
 
 "I saw a man walking along toward the entry, as we 
 were leaving the Park, and Mr. Gehtheimer said, There 
 is Gilhooley/ and I turned quickly and recognized him." 
 
 Ten other witneses testified that they saw Gilhooley 
 enter the Park, between half-past seven and eight o clock. 
 Three men passing the monument some time after eight 
 o clock had seen Gilhooley sitting on a bench near by, but 
 only one was personally acquainted with Isaac. This 
 gentleman was Samuel Lekenmeyer. He addressed the 
 editor by name, and the latter responded, but did not seem 
 inclined to encourage a conversation. Five witnesses 
 
176 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 testified they saw Gilhooley walking toward the Park 
 gate after nine o clock. 
 
 The testimony was completed and Isaac was requested 
 to take the stand and give his version of the story. Every 
 eye was fixed on him as he sat by the desk of the vener 
 able Judge. Many said that he was the picture of inno 
 cence. Others claimed that it requires an innocent face 
 to make a consummate villain ; while mor x e pretended they 
 saw murder stamped on every feature. Isaac was asked 
 to say what he knew about the murder of Teddy Einstein, 
 and he responded that he "knew nothing more than has 
 been said. I am innocent of the charge preferred against 
 me. This is a plot to destroy my life for political pur 
 poses, and I hope that God will assist me in the hour of 
 my trial, and allow me to live long enough to clear my 
 name from infamy. " 
 
 The jury retired, and in less than an hour returned 
 with the verdict of murder in the first degree, with the 
 penalty of death for the crime. The enemies of Isaac sent 
 a shout of triumph through the crowded courtroom. But 
 he had friends, and their devotion was manifested in the 
 sighs and sobs and shrieks and wails that rose above the 
 coarse, brutal yells of the fiends who long had thirsted 
 for the blood of the two young men, who had so valiantly 
 defended the cause of justice. Abraham sat beside his 
 college companion, and offered to sacrifice his life if it 
 were necessary to rescue him from the felon s grave. Miss 
 Biddy threw her arms around him and cried so piteously 
 that the lawyers, Judge and jury wept._ 
 
 "My dear boy," she moaned, "what have they done 
 to you? They have killed my only brother, and now 
 they will rob me of my dear friend. Yes, Isaac, you are 
 innocent. We know that you are innocent. You are too 
 noble to commit a cowardly crime. My darling boy, you 
 must not die. O, it will break my heart ! O, Judge, please 
 save him ! He is not guilty. You do not know him. 
 What ! my dear Isaac guilty of killing my brother ! No, 
 Isaac, no ! You did not do it ! I love you, and I will love 
 you forever !" 
 
 Miss Mary Ann was weeping with one arm around her 
 sister s neck and the other resting on Isaac s shoulder. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 1 77 
 
 The court was disturbed by the hysterical screams of 
 Mrs. Gehtheimer, who was weeping with her daughter 
 for the loss of a son-in-law. 
 
 "My Teddy killed!" exclaimed Mrs. Gehtheimer; 
 murdered by that fiend ! Murdered in cold blood by that 
 vile brute! O, gentlemen, hang him immediately ! His 
 very breath is poison to the community. Take him out 
 and burn him at the stake !" 
 
 Mrs. Reisan was consoling her friend, and assuring 
 her that ample justice would be done those two men and 
 their confederates. Their screams of hypocrisy created 
 sympathy among the rabble, and an effort was made to 
 deliver speedy justice upon the head of the culprit. A 
 body of men took up the cry, and called for the Sheriff to 
 "Give up the prisoner! We will hang him right here!" 
 and they made a rush toward Gilhooley. But, like a flash 
 of lightning, a hundred pistols were displayed, and the 
 dastardly mob trembled and fled, and Gilhooley was taken 
 to the jail to await his execution, which was fixed for 
 the eighteenth of October. 
 
 Mr. Reisan and his wife invited Lord Jesse to enter 
 their carriage, and on the way home the question of Gil- 
 hooley s condemnation was freely discussed. 
 
 "What do you think of your friend now ?" asked Mrs. 
 Reisan. 
 
 "I am astounded !" replied Lord Jesse. "There can be 
 no doubt that Gilhooley killed Teddy Einstein, and that 
 McGillicuddy was his accomplice, inasmuch as he coun 
 tenanced the murder, and assisted in planning the meet 
 ing in the Park." 
 
 "How do you account for the blood on McGillicuddy s 
 vest, if he were not an actual participant in the crime?" 
 
 "That could easily have happened without the pres 
 ence of McGillicuddy. Perhaps Gilhooley by mistake, or 
 purposely, wore Abraham s vest that evening. In any 
 case they are both equally guilty, and should be executed 
 on the same day. We make mistakes sometimes, and it is 
 only by experience that we learn our errors. I would 
 have sacrificed my life for those men, because I thought 
 they were the very soul of honor and seemed to have but 
 one ambition, the amelioration of the laboring class. As 
 
I? BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 I had suffered for the triumph of justice in my native land, 
 and came to this country to realize my dreams of reforma 
 tion, it was quite natural that I should affiliate with the 
 editors of The Flaming Sword. However, I see now 
 that I was beguiled, and I have not the slightest hesitancy 
 in concurring with the general opinion that all reforms 
 of that character are conducted by men of the darkest 
 hue, whose ultimate design is the subversion- of legitimate 
 government, and the inauguration of bloodshed and an 
 archy. I shall, this day, abandon the movement, and con 
 fine my associations to respectable society." 
 
 "I hope you do not think of leaving us, my lord? * 
 asked Mrs. Reisan. 
 
 "By no means. My impressions of Deboreh are most 
 pleasant ; and I shall remain here for some time perhaps 
 may make it my future home. This determination would 
 enable me to enjoy the company of the many friends I 
 have made since my arrival in the city. There is no place 
 on earth more congenial to me ; and I shall never forget 
 the kindness of your people in condoning the indiscre 
 tions of my associations. They constantly warned me ; 
 but I was too obstinate to accept their admonitions. They 
 did not abandon me, but politely waited till time would 
 reveal the character of my friends, and the perils to which 
 I exposed my honor and reputation." 
 
 "I am delighted, my lord, that you have decided to 
 grace Deboreh society with your accomplishments." 
 
 By this time the carriage had reached the Reisan man 
 sion, and the guest was conducted to the drawing-room 
 by his charming hostess. 
 
 At the hotel a number of people were discussing the 
 justice of the sentence which the court had passed on 
 young Isaac. Mr. Hellenmeyer said : 
 
 "I would not believe that Gilhooley is guilty if all the 
 angels would come down from their starry thrones and 
 declare that they had seen him commit the crime. 
 
 "By the way, Samuel," said Mr. Beterman to the 
 speaker, "what do you think of Mrs. Gehtheimer s affir 
 mation in reference to the insincerity of the editors toward 
 the Einstein family?" 
 
 "That is an infernal lie, like everything else she said ! 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 179 
 
 That woman would tell a lie when the truth would suit her 
 purpose better. And old Reisan and Gehtheimer swear 
 ing that they heard Isaac and Abraham speak disrespect 
 fully of the Einstein girls ! Every one knows that it is a 
 contemptible falsehood. Those young men would die for 
 Miss Biddy and Miss Mary Ann." 
 
 "Did you ever hear anything about Gilhooley s moth 
 er?" questioned Beterman. 
 
 "Why, she was an Engeddi girl, who married against 
 her father s wishes, and was disinherited. Her husband 
 lost his life in a shipwreck, and his widow and son went 
 to live with the child s grandmother at Meron. No, Gil 
 hooley s antecedents are unquestionable, and the McGilli- 
 cuddys are the first people in Baron. But the character 
 of their traducer would disgrace any public woman in the 
 city." 
 
 "Have you heard there is trouble in the Reisan 
 home?" 
 
 "Yes, there has been some scandalous talk about that 
 woman, and there is cause for all the ugly reports that 
 have been circulating. It seems that Reisan has threat 
 ened to get a divorce from his wife or go away and aban 
 don her to the wiles of the Danish nobleman," 
 
 CHAPTER XX. 
 
 "Good morning, Mr. Strauss !" 
 
 "Good morning. How are you, Mr. Nieman?" 
 
 "Mr. Strauss, did you read The Flaming Sword this 
 week ?" 
 
 "No. I just arrived last night, and I have been so 
 busy this morning I have not had time yet. I heard that 
 McGillicuddy is going to continue the paper, and bid de 
 fiance to the host of hypocrites and knaves who have at 
 tempted to sully the character of the laboring class by 
 bringing the leaders of the reform movement into disre 
 pute." 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "Don t you think that this is a plot to destroy the So 
 cialist party?" 
 
 "Why, of course it is ; but the enemies of the people 
 have miscalculated. It has won thousands, nay, millions, 
 of friends for the persecuted editors, and 1 it would be 
 hazardous for any man to criminate Isaac Gilhooley. Mc- 
 Gillicuddy has received messages from all over the Re 
 public, encouraging the work, and offers to give financial 
 assistance are so numerous that it is impossible to recog 
 nize them even by a note of thanks." 
 
 "McGillicuddy has ably exposed the motives of the 
 conspirators, and he says that he will not rest until they 
 are behind the iron bars." 
 
 "A sensation is in store for the public, and when it 
 comes the triumph of justice will be the grandest ever 
 recorded in history." 
 
 "Here is the paper, and, as I have an engagement at 
 ten, I will leave you alone to read ; and be sure to notice 
 the article on the national ownership of land and rail 
 roads." 
 
 Mr. Strauss took the paper and read the following 
 communication : 
 
 "My advocacy of the common ownership of land has 
 excited the ire of the Deboreh Herald ; and the editor of 
 that journal launches his anathemas against the defend 
 ers of confiscation. I do not advocate confiscation, but 
 nevertheless I hold that the adoption of that measure 
 would involve no injustice. Society as a whole has 
 created land values, and every individual of the common 
 wealth is entitled to the enjoyment of these values ; and 
 we should not compensate any one for the possession 
 of advantages which we have inherited as members of the 
 body politic. Should the slave compensate his master for 
 the gift of liberty? Should not the slave be compensated 
 for the years that he has toiled for the master? If the 
 pirates of Tison despoiled commerce to the extent of ten 
 million dollars annually, should their victims be com 
 pelled to purchase their immunity from further depreda 
 tions? 
 
 "It is admitted that all original titles in land were 
 founded on robbery, but they have become legitimate by 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN l8l 
 
 law. The settlers of Toadia drove the aborigines from 
 their happy hunting-ground, and desecrated the graves 
 of their sires. The pioneers have perished, and the creed 
 they established on the shores of the New World, amidst 
 scenes of blood that would tarnish the history of the 
 rudest age, has been lost in the flight of time. The plant 
 ers of Nedad and the children of Moron and Lizan have 
 passed away. The Asherites of Deboreh and the first 
 immigrants to Jannace and Damascus are known no 
 more. The colonists of Manasseh and Reuben, and the 
 pioneers in New Gallilee and Rohab, have left only their 
 language as a relic of the primeval history of the Israel- 
 itic nations in the western hemisphere. New peoples 
 have crossed the foaming billows, and now occupy the 
 land of the pioneers. Immigrants from the shores of the 
 Jamden and the Mehan, the Elbin and the Reinecan, the 
 Meuran and the Woheil have sought an asylum in the 
 land of the setting sun. Deprived of education and de 
 barred from the homes of culture and refinement by the 
 lack of mental attainments, they came to our shores with 
 only the gifts of nature to assist them in the struggle of 
 life. They were the sons of toil, and their faces had been 
 bronzed beneath the skies of the Old World, They landed 
 on our shores, and by thrift and industry they accumulate 
 a fortune, which they invest in land, and now, says the 
 Herald, would you confiscate their property ? 
 
 "If the original titles rest on theft, then all subsequent 
 titles are equally worthless. Had these individuals not 
 cast their lots under the palladium of society, they would 
 never have accumulated fortunes. Let them go beyond 
 the borders of civilization ; let them wander to the wilds 
 of Nahad or to the interior of Arabia ; let them pitch their 
 tents beneath the shadows of Lahan s towering peaks, or 
 on the snow-capped summits of the Himalcon; let them 
 follow the footsteps of the savage to the depths of the 
 Unknown Continent, and change the sands of Sohan into 
 a garden of Eden ; and yet all the gold they may discover 
 and all the lands they may possess, and all the treasures 
 they may horde, will be worthless, for it is- society that 
 makes all these articles valuable. The human race owns 
 
1 82 
 
 BEYOHD THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 the earth, and when an individual appropriates a portion 
 to himself -he is simply stealing from society. 
 
 "Did the purchasers of the land endow it with its 
 present value? No, the value of the land is the growth of 
 society, it is the growth of the present and past genera 
 tions. Let us go back through the shadows of history. 
 Let us recount the perils that beset the pioneers in the 
 wilderness, the privations they endured in the early days, 
 the blood that was shed and the lives that were sacrificed 
 in the Scythian wars, in the revolution and in the suppres 
 sion of the rebellion. In the year 1800 the Declaration of 
 Independence was adopted, and the knell of bondage 
 echoed through the mountain dells and sombre forests of 
 the western world. The roar of the cannon from the 
 heights that environ Engeddi, ceased not to send forth 
 its doleful music over hill and vale, till the Eagles waved 
 in triumph above the banner of the Danish hosts from the 
 citadels of the nation. Let us call up the spirits of the 
 past to paint the agonies that were endured, the wounds 
 that were received, the tortures that were borne from the 
 day that the Didon was anchored at Engeddi, till the fail 
 of Meron and the destruction of the Confederacy, and 
 this is the price of the land which individuals have appro 
 priated. 
 
 "Not only land, but every other possession, is equally 
 the product of society. We are the heirs of all the buried 
 ages, and there is not a tool or a machine which we use 
 that can be claimed by any individual. The vast im 
 provements in productive powers which characterize this 
 age are the result of thousands of years of a slowly ad 
 vancing civilization. They are the heritage of the human 
 race, and they should belong to society. Did any partic 
 ular individual discover the power of steam and elec 
 tricity ? Are we indebted to any particular man for rail 
 roads ? These are all the products of society and should 
 be owned by society. But they are owned by individuals 
 for the spoliation of society. 
 
 "The railroads of this country are capitalized at twelve 
 billions of dollars, and they cost, for construction and 
 equipment, much less than four billions. Whenever a 
 railway is contemplated, a company is formed, the grounds 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 183 
 
 are surveyed, and the movement is advertised in every 
 county and city and hamlet along the route. The press 
 is subsidized to expatiate on the advantages of transpor 
 tation facilities, and the community is encouraged to show 
 its appreciation of the benefits to be realized and its spirit 
 of progression, by a liberal donation in money, land sites 
 for depots and sidings for freight cars. The road, we will 
 presume, can be built and equipped for twenty thousand 
 dollars per mile. The company will immediately capital 
 ize the stock at fifty thousand dollars per mile. They buy 
 the bonds which are represented by the real value of the 
 road. They issue stocks to the extent of thirty thousand 
 dollars per mile, and with this money they build and equip 
 the road. Not one dollar has been expended by the com 
 pany so far, and, moreover, they have on every mile ten 
 thousand dollars to their credit. The road is in operation 
 a few years ; its value is again capitalized, perhaps to the 
 extent of one hundred thousand dollars per mile ; and 
 stocks to that amount are issued, and the company is 
 again enriched by fifty thousand dollars on every mile 
 of the line. The Deboreh Central and Lovrek River Road 
 in 1831 was capitalized at forty-five millions of dollars, 
 and since then its capitalization has reached one hundred 
 and forty-six millions. In 1854 the total earnings of this 
 road were thirty millions, leaving sixteen millions in 
 profits. When the stock has been watered to such an ex 
 tent that the road will not pay interest on the bonds, the 
 road goes into the hands of a receiver, and the company 
 expends the total income in making improvements. In 
 the meantime the stockholders throw their papers on the 
 market, and they are purchased by the company at ten 
 per cent. When all the claims have been secured the road 
 begins to realize profits, and the company asks that it be 
 sold. No other company can afford to bid against the 
 present company, for this company is armed with paper 
 which was purchased at ten per cent, but which is accept 
 ed at par in payment of the road s indebtedness. As soon 
 as the road is secured, it begins to yield large dividends 
 and the company again capitalizes it at treble its value, 
 and this process is continued until the road is wrecked 
 again. This is the history of railroads in Toadia. Instead 
 
184 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 of paying ten per cent dividends the roads are paying 
 fifty and sometimes one hundred per cent dividends on 
 the values represented. This robbery, borne by the em 
 ployes and patrons on one side, and innocent purchasers 
 of watered stock on the other, is rapidly creating kings 
 and paupers. If the evil is not destroyed, Toadia will be 
 come a land of masters and slaves. 
 
 "Different estimates have been given of the cost of 
 building one mile of railroad. Governor Naasen states 
 that twenty-five thousand dollars is the outside figure, and 
 all authorities support this opinion. In this estimate 
 every possible item of expense is enumerated. General 
 Rohob gives the cost at sixteen thousand dollars, and he 
 mentions the Jordan Valley Road, which cost eight thou 
 sand dollars per mile, and the Lebanon Mountain Road, 
 which cost but seven thousand three hundred dollars per 
 mile. The six Moabite railways were built and equipped 
 at the cost of ninety-six millions of dollars, and to-day 
 they are capitalized at two hundred and seventy million 
 dollars. These roads were built by the public. The gov 
 ernment gave them, in land and other gratuities, four hun 
 dred and fifty million dollars, besides the enormous sums 
 that have been subscribed by States, cities and counties. 
 The government granted to the Union Moabitic Railroad 
 twelve thousand eight hundred acres of land in 1 the west, 
 besides a gift of sixteen thousand dollars per mile, which 
 made the total subsidy fifty-four thousand dollars per 
 mile. This sum was twice the amount for building and 
 equipping the road, and hence the road should belong to 
 the government. 
 
 "The Union Moabitic Railroad, which cost less than 
 forty million dollars, was capitalized at one hundred and 
 ten millions. The Central Moabitic and Western Moab 
 itic were built for forty million dollars, and stocks were 
 issued amounting to one hundred and twenty-five mil 
 lions. Is it any surprise that millionaires and paupers 
 are begotten under such a system? Wealth is concen 
 trating in the hands of the few, and the nation is sacrific 
 ing its toil and sweat to fill the coffers of those who have 
 control of our transportation and industries. 
 
 "The railroad magnates have corrupted our legisla- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 185 
 
 tures and bribed Congress. They spend their money at 
 the polls to secure the election of pliant tools. In the year 
 1838 more than one million was spent by the Jordan Val 
 ley Road to swell the corruption fund. Mr. Vanhorn 
 boasted that he spent sixty thousand dollars in one day 
 to influence the Legislature to pass a law that would pro 
 mote the interests of the Jordan Valley Road. There is 
 not a legislature in the Republic of Toadia that is inde 
 pendent of railroad influence. They are subservient to 
 the will of the rail king, and they sell the blood of the na 
 tion for paltry gold. 
 
 "The railroads have unjustly discriminated against 
 some persons to the advantage of others. It was proved 
 in court that the Leddi Coal Company and many -other 
 shippers were ruined in this manner. This company held 
 a contract with a company for cars, which were refused 
 because, by want of transportation, this company was 
 compelled to sell its engagements to the Obind company, 
 which was represented by some of the road officials, and 
 more than sixty thousand cars were furnished to the lat 
 ter. More than ninety-five per cent of the anthracite coal 
 of Toadia has passed into the ownership of railroads. 
 The railroad syndicates have purchased all the bitumin^ 
 ous coal fields between the Abrahamic and Moabitic 
 waters. Private companies were necessitated to sell their 
 mines to the railroads, because they were ruined by dis 
 crimination. To-day we have the gigantic coal trust, and 
 the people of this country are at the mercy of the railroad 
 kings. Previous to the formation of trusts, the coal mines 
 of the east were capable of producing one hundred million 
 tons annually, but were restricted by the railroads to eight 
 millions. This was done throughout the country, and the 
 motive was to create a demand for coal by limiting the 
 supply, and thus advance the price. 
 
 "In the year 1842 the railroads advanced the price of 
 coal a dollar and thirty-five cents per ton. Rebates are 
 allowed to some companies to the detriment of others. In 
 1848 the national oil company received in rebates in one 
 State the sum of ten millions of dollars. One railroad 
 charged this company but ten cents per barrel, whereas 
 it charged every other company thirty-five cents per bar- 
 
l86 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 rel, twenty-five cents of which was turned over to the na 
 tional oil company. The rates charged the central com 
 pany were from one hundred to three hundred per cent 
 higher. We have numerous instances on 1 record where 
 railroads have refused to stop the trains in certain towns, 
 but built their depots two or three miles beyond, to force 
 the people to move to that locality to enhance the value 
 of the land ; and, thus, thriving towns have been depopu 
 lated and ruined to augment the wealth of private cor 
 porations. The railroads have also refused to run through 
 certain towns, because these towns would not pay the re 
 quired subsidies. The rates for flour and wheat are the 
 same for eighty as for four hundred miles ; coarse grain 
 twice as much as flour. 
 
 "The pass system is another system that should be 
 abolished. This would amount to millions of dollars an 
 nually. The competition for every passenger between 
 the Abrahamic and Moabitic waters amounts to twenty 
 dollars. 
 
 "What is the remedy for these evils? The national 
 ownership of the railroads. The national ownership of 
 the railroads would save the people of Toadia, in curtail 
 ment of useless expenditures, at least seven hundred and 
 forty-five millions annually. People admit that these 
 abuses are perpetrated on them, but they claim that the 
 government cannot manage these enterprises, and the 
 condition of affairs would be worse if the railroads were 
 nationalized. I will show these incredulous individuals 
 that the government ownership of railroads has been a 
 grand success by citing examples where it is a reality. If 
 low rates and advanced wages for the employes constitute 
 a criterion of the ability to conduct business,! will give suf 
 ficient illustrations to demonstrate the utiliity of govern 
 ment ownership. New Media built and operates twenty- 
 two hundred miles of railroad. The six thousand em 
 ployes have an eight-hour working day, with a half holi 
 day every week, and six holidays in the year, and they re 
 ceive thirty per cent higher wages than railroad employes 
 in Toadia; passenger rates are one-third of a cent per 
 mile, and the government realizes two million five hun 
 dred thousand dollars, after paying all expenses. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN" 187 
 
 "Zabulon owns her railways, which are built most 
 substantially, with the best equipment and service, so that 
 an accident is impossible. These roads cost eighty-three 
 thousand dollars per mile. In 1850 statistics show that 
 these roads realized in profits one hundred and twenty 
 millions of dollars. The average passenger fare is one 
 and one-sixth of a cent per mile. The fare by means of 
 commutation tickets is one-fourth of a cent per mile. 
 The profits on the roads was one hundred and twenty 
 million dollars in 1850. The income from passengers was 
 eighty-five millions of dollars, and from freight thirty-five 
 millions. Hence the Zabulon roads could have carried 
 its four hundred and seventy millions of passengers free, 
 and yet have had an income of thirty-five million dollars. 
 From 1850 to 1856 the net profits increased forty-one per 
 cent, and the wages of the employes was one hundred and 
 twenty per cent higher than the wages paid by private 
 companies. Had the government built her roads, saving 
 the profits on construction and the interest on bonds, it 
 could have reduced freight rates one-half, carried pas 
 sengers free, advanced wages one hundred dollars per 
 annum, and had sufficient left to pay other expenses. 
 
 "Our companies compare the wages paid to employes 
 in Zabulon and this country. This is not a fair compari 
 son. Let them compare the wages on the roads operated 
 by the government and private companies in the same 
 country. The Zabulon roads employ thirteen men to the 
 mile, whereas our roads have but four men to the mile, 
 and therefore for the same amount of work higher wages 
 is paid by the former than by the latter. 
 
 "The roads of Nepthali cost ninety-four thousand 
 dollars per mile. The government employs eleven men 
 on every mile of the road. The total income, during the 
 year 1856, was one hundred and eight million dollars, and 
 the total expenses was fifty-eight million, leaving a residue 
 of fifty millions. Eight million dollars were paid in sick 
 benefits and in pensions to aged and disabled employes. 
 The fare is one-third of a cent per mile ; but for laborers 
 and agriculturists traveling in parties of thirty, the rate is 
 one-sixth of a cent per mile. For many years the zone 
 system has been in operation. The capital is taken as the 
 
i88 
 
 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 center, and the first zone is thirteen and a half miles, and 
 every succeeding zone is seven and a half miles longer, 
 with the exception of the twelfth and thirteenth zone, 
 which are thirteen and a half miles, and the fourteenth 
 zone includes all distances within the empire. Tickets 
 for every zone are proportionately cheaper than the pre 
 ceding zone, owing to the fact that each zone is longer 
 than the one preceding." 
 
 CHAPTER XXL 
 
 "Lucile, here comes Lord Jesse. Perhaps he wishes 
 to take you riding this morning. Now don t refuse to go 
 with him. You must get over the idea that there is no 
 other man in the world like Teddy Einstein. I do not 
 gainsay the fact that Teddy was a nice boy, but what was 
 he compared to your aristocratic admirer? A man in 
 whose veins runs the blood of kings ! I am going down 
 to meet him. Just look at him, Lucile ! Is he not the 
 grandest man you ever gazed upon? Look at his noble 
 carriage and his handsome face !" 
 
 "Mother, he may be all you say, but I can never love 
 him as I loved Teddy." 
 
 "Love ! You little impertinent girl ! you contempti 
 ble wight ! Never mention love to me again ! You have 
 been indulging in romance. Will love put you in noble 
 society? Why, I never thought of love when I married 
 Mr. Gehtheimer, and I am sure it was the last consider 
 ation with him." 
 
 During the discus-sion Mrs. Gehtheimer forgot to ad 
 vance to meet the nobleman, and Lord Jesse having 
 reached the residence, was ushered into the parlor. 
 
 "Good morning, Lord Jesse," said Mrs. Gehtheimer. 
 
 "Good morning, Mrs. Gehtheimer," responded he. 
 "Good morning, Miss Lucile. Did you hear the news, 
 ladies?" 
 
BEYOND TEE BLACK OCEAN l8g 
 
 "No," said Mrs. Gehtheimer, "what is> it?" 
 
 "Gilhooley escaped from jail last night." 
 
 "Escaped from jail!" exclaimed Mrs. Gehtheimer. 
 "How?" 
 
 "He succeeded in removing a stone from his cell, and, 
 of course, after that, all was easy. This gave him an open 
 ing into the jail yard, and he managed to climb the wall. 
 It is presumed, by some, that he was assisted by his 
 friends. Perhaps they provided him with ropes, and by 
 throwing them over the wall they accomplished his re 
 lease from the yard." 
 
 "Have they any clue to his place of hiding?" 
 
 "Many conjectures are offered. At first the officers 
 searched the residences along Benjamin Street, where he 
 has many ardent admirers, but their efforts were futile." 
 
 "I hope the villain will not escape !" exclaimed Mrs. 
 Gehtheimer. "He was to be hanged next Thursday. Oh, 
 they may capture him before then ! I think that Mr. Mc- 
 Gillicuddy had something to do with it. What do you 
 think ?" 
 
 "Why, I have not the slightest hesitancy in pronounc 
 ing that opinion. The authorities should apprehend that 
 scoundrel immediately,, and if he does not confess his 
 crime, execute him at once without the verdict of judge 
 or jury." 
 
 "The citizens of Deboreh should take the law in their 
 own hands, and mete out speedy punishment to the 
 wretch. If those two men are allowed to live, there will 
 be a revolution in this country before many years," said 
 Mrs. Gehtheimer. 
 
 "A revolution?" repeated Lord Jesse. "There is a 
 revolution coming now. The laborers are arming them 
 selves, and they may rise up against the government at 
 any moment." 
 
 "Why, here comes Mrs. Reisan, mother," interrupted 
 Lucile, whose chair gave her a full view of the gateway. 
 
 Lord Jesse went quickly to the carriage to meet Mrs. 
 Reisan, and during his absence, Mrs. Gehtheimer held a 
 little colloquy with her daughter. 
 
 "Just look at that married woman ! how fond she is of 
 Lord Jesse, and here you are crying over the loss of a 
 
190 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 common man, who had not a drop of noble blood in his 
 veins, when you could easily become the wife of a lord. I 
 wish I were a young girl. I would show you what I could 
 do!" 
 
 "Indeed, mother, I wish you were a girl," said the sad 
 Lucile, "for then I should not be annoyed by your im 
 portunities." 
 
 "O, Mrs. Gehtheimer ! is that not awful news that we 
 have had this morning ! Is it possible that the assassin of 
 Teddy Einstein will escape the gallows ?" exclaimed Mrs. 
 Reisan, who had now reached the hallway. 
 
 "Don t be afraid, Mrs. Reisan, he will be captured, 
 and the people in their frenzy will hang the two murder 
 ers and traitors to the one tree. The Toadians are not 
 disposed to be ruled by that anarchistic element repre 
 sented by the editors of The Flaming Sword. Too long 
 have we been tormented by the presence of firebrands 
 in our society, and our endurance being overtaxed, will 
 rebound with a force that will crush every rebel in the 
 land." Mrs. Gehtheimer delivered this opinion as if she 
 were an oracle. 
 
 "After all, Mrs. Gehtheimer, perhaps this is merely an 
 act of Divine Providence to arouse the people to assert 
 their rights, and correct the error of the judicial bench in 
 acquitting McGillicuddy. I really believe that both men 
 will now suffer the penalty of death. What is your opin 
 ion, Lord Jesse?" and as Mrs. Reisan asked the question, 
 she turned toward the admiring nobleman. 
 
 "I agree with you and Mrs. Gehtheimer," said he. 
 "But I have an engagement at ten o clock, and I must now 
 take my leave of you ladies." 
 
 "Wait, my lord," said Mrs. Reisan, "I am going down 
 to the city, and I will take you in my carriage." 
 
 "Thank you very much, Mrs. Reisan," said Lord 
 Jesse. 
 
 "Have a care that Mr. Reisan does not get jealous," 
 said Mrs. Gehtheimer, laughingly, but with malice in her 
 heart. 
 
 "Oh, no danger of that," replied Mrs. Reisan, sweetly. 
 "He has appointed Lord Jesse my cavalier during his ab- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN IQI 
 
 sence. Did I tell you that Mr. Reisan has gone to Ked- 
 ron ? He left last night." 
 
 "How long will he be gone?" inquired Mrs. Gehthei- 
 mer. 
 
 Several months," replied her friend. "He is looking 
 after his business interests in the district of Hai, and his 
 engagements will detain him the r e until after the New 
 Year." 
 
 Lord Jesse assisted Mrs. Reisan to enter the car 
 riage, then took a seat by her side, and the coachman 
 drove away, leaving the old dame to quarrel with her 
 daughter over the success of her matronly companion. 
 
 "It will not be long, Lucile, until your opportunities 
 are forever ruined. That woman is desperately fond of 
 Lord Jesse, and her husband is jealous of him. I am sat 
 isfied that Reisan has left in disgust, and perhaps will 
 seek a divorce. The public are looking for a grave scan 
 dal from the intimacy of that pair. If Reisan had any 
 manhood he would long ago have prevented this ridicu 
 lous flirtation." 
 
 "Dp you consider it criminal, mother, for Mrs. Reisan 
 to solicit the attentions of Lord Jesse?" asked the girl. 
 
 "Of course it is criminal," replied the virtuous mother. 
 
 "In that case the conduct of Lord Jesse is also crim 
 inal, for he should ignore her smiles. I am surprised 
 that you should encourage your daughter to marry a man 
 who wittingly invades the sanctity of another man s home, 
 to alienate the affection of his wife and destroy his do 
 mestic bliss." 
 
 "Lord Jesse is not cognizant of any wrong, for he is 
 wholly unacquainted with our social customs," replied 
 Mrs. Gehtheimer, "and if he knew the impropriety of his 
 conduct he would immediately discourage the attentions 
 of Mrs. Reisan. Did you not see this morning how he 
 endeavored to avoid her society? But when he signified 
 his intention of leaving, she forthwith proposed to ac 
 company him? Could he eschew her without displaying 
 his displeasure? And Lord Jesse is such a cultivated 
 gentleman that he would suffer an imposition before he 
 would wound the feelings of any woman. I consider Lord 
 Jesse the pink of perfection, and I would give my life to 
 
IQ 2 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 see Lucile Gehtheimer led to the altar by that noble Dan- 
 ite. I have decided that you shall become Lady Jesse, 
 whether you are pleased or displeased. You will not dic 
 tate to your mother. I have given you my advice, Miss, 
 and if you dare disobey me, I will drive you from my 
 home, and let you wander as an outcast all your life. That 
 will do now. You may go to your room." 
 
 The next afternoon the newsboys were crying up and 
 down the street : "Here s the Daily Mail ! Isaac Gilhooley 
 shot and burned to death in a barn !" The people eagerly 
 bought the paper, which contained the following account 
 of the tragic event : "The large barn and warehouse on the 
 Obias farm, one mile from the city limits, was burned- to 
 the ground last night between eleven and twelve o clock, 
 and the remains of a man, since identified as the body of 
 Isaac Gilhooley, were found among the ashes. The pris 
 oner was seen last night going down Twenty^second 
 Street toward the railroad. The police were notified, and 
 they followed in hot pursuit. Near the southern shops 
 they saw the retreating figure, and fired several times, 
 though the fugitive from justice did not halt, but ran on 
 through the alley beyond the shops and escaped. It is 
 supposed that the shots took effect, and that Gilhooley 
 wandered on until he reached the barn, where he took 
 refuge. It is supposed that, as he realized the hopeless 
 ness of recovery or ultimate escape from the officers of 
 the law, in his desperation he burned the barn and per 
 ished in the flames. 
 
 "Isaac Gilhooley was a man who would shrink from 
 no sacrifice to defeat his enemies, and before he would as 
 cend the scaffold to atone for the murder of Teddy Ein 
 stein, and be insulted by the gibe and taunt of the multi 
 tude, he chose to take his own life. The body was almost 
 consumed by the flames, and the remainder burned to a 
 crisp, so that identification was impossible. More than 
 twenty witnesses testified that the size of the skeleton 
 would lead them to believe that it was the remains of Isaac 
 Gilhooley. Besides, the measurements of the skull cor 
 responded with the prisoner s head. There was one tooth 
 filled with gold in front, and one on the left side of the 
 mouth, and this is another clue to identification. But the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 193 
 
 most convincing proof was furnished in a silver match- 
 case, with the initials I. G. In fact, identification is so 
 complete that his friends have claimed the skeleton, and it 
 will be shipped to-night over the Central road to his moth 
 er s home in Meron. 
 
 "Thus has ended a life of vast promise. Gilhooley was 
 a man of eminent talents, but he inherited from his father 
 a romantic disposition, and he began to dream, in his 
 early youth, of establishing an empire of brotherly love. 
 The impression which the social disparities of our civiliza 
 tion made on his fervid imagination, was indelible, and he 
 utilized his great brain to eradicate the evils of the age. His 
 first attempt toward reformation attracted the attention of 
 every thinker in the nation, and he was so persistent in the 
 justice of his cause, that he disregarded the admonition of 
 the faculty in the University of Meron, and was -expelled 
 for his pertinacity in defending dangerous doctrines. He 
 came to Deboreh, where, with the co-operation of his 
 friend, McGillicuddy, he established The Flaming 
 Sword, which has become, under their management, the 
 most famous journal in Toadia." 
 
 CHAPTER XXII. 
 
 Ezechias Rosenberger sat in his library musing over 
 the events of the day. 
 
 "It was a great mistake that the court did not pass 
 sentence of death on McGillicuddy for complicity in the 
 murder of Teddy Einstein. Gilhooley is now in hell, 
 where he will meet his match in the devil. It is the first 
 time in his existence that he has been fairly mated, and I 
 really believe that he will conquer the very Prince of Dark 
 ness. If we had daily communication with the Infernal 
 Regions, no doubt we should have been informed, ere this, 
 of riots and carnage as the result of Gilhooley s naturali 
 zation in that kingdom. But McGillicuddy is just as dan 
 gerous, and this country will not be safe till he joins his 
 
y 04 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 companion in Hades. I thought the tragedy that ended 
 Gilhooley s career as a journalist, would, also, terminate 
 the existence of The Flaming Sword, but that damnable 
 sheet not only lives, but is growing bolder and more ag 
 gressive, and seems to have lost all respect for the laws 
 of the country/ 
 
 His musings were interrupted by a knock on the door, 
 and in answer to his "Come in !" a servant entered with 
 the announcement that Judge Tischandorf had called. 
 
 "Show him up," commanded the master. 
 
 "Good morning, Judge," said Mr. Rosenberger, as his 
 visitor entered. "How are you this fine morning?" 
 
 "I am well, thank you, Mr. Rosenberger, and I hope 
 to find you in the enjoyment of perfect health ?" 
 
 "Perfect health?" repeated he. "How could I be in 
 perfect "health when I see the clouds of a mighty storm 
 gathering on our western horizon, and hear the thunder 
 of revolution echoing among the distant mountains, and 
 the chariot oi Mars rattling in the skies !" 
 
 "Why are you dreaming, man ?" What do you mean 
 by these dire portents ? Have the gods foretold impend 
 ing disaster?" 
 
 "Are you blind, Judge? Do you not see that the 
 welkin is clothed with ominous indications, and hear the 
 howl of the war-dogs resounding through the land ? Be 
 fore the cyclone sweeps down from the clouds, the at 
 mosphere is surcharged with deadly bolts, and all nature 
 feels the weight of forces which seek release from pres 
 sure. The cattle in the fields are instinctively warned of 
 their peril. Their lowing prognosticates the march of 
 the gale. The fowl of the air fly to safe retreats, and every 
 living creature displays an anxiety that something of a 
 terrific nature is brewing. The silence is oppressive. The 
 clouds are growing blacker. The lightning begins to 
 flash and blaze in the heavens. The thunder rolls and the 
 day darkens into the shadows of evening, and finally the 
 fury of the elements bursts forth and pours out its mad 
 rage upon the earth, and desolation marks the progress of 
 the storm. For the past five years I have been watching 
 the signs of the times, and I have every reason to fear for 
 the future. Anarchistic literature has been widely dis- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 195 
 
 seminated throughout the country. Socialistic clubs have 
 been formed. The laboring classes are inspired with the 
 idea that they have created the wealth of the earth, and 
 that they have been robbed of the fruit of their toil by 
 capitalists and employers. And The Flaming Sword 
 has utilized these sentiments to inflame the passions of 
 the multitude, and to feed the fire of revolt and create the 
 conflagration of anarchy and revolution. Let me read to 
 you from the latest number of that journal an article on 
 national ownership. Of course you have seen 1 its atti 
 tude on this question in previous issues ?" 
 
 "Yes, I have been following the course of that paper, 
 and I agree with you that it is a leaven of iniquity in our 
 nation, and it is rapidly undermining the pillars of the 
 Republic." 
 
 Here is the contribution to which I refer : Asher is a 
 small country of thirteen thousand square miles, and has 
 a population of five millions. It has nineteen hundred 
 miles of railroad, of which the government owns and op 
 erates ten hundred miles. The national railways trans 
 port five-sevenths of the freight and two-thirds of the pas 
 sengers. The government gives its employes houses from 
 ten to twenty per cent cheaper than the same houses could 
 be rented from private individuals, and, besides, it pro 
 vides them with fuel without compensation. The state 
 employs the widows and orphans of the operatives, in 
 making clothing and blankets for the families of the em 
 ployes. The government also has a sick and pension 
 fund for the employes, and when the men in its service 
 have reached sixty-five years of age, though they may be 
 in the enjoyment of perfect, health, they are comfortably 
 supported during the remainder of their days. 
 
 Tarsia is one of the wealthiest countries on earth 
 for its size, and the masses of her people enjoy more com 
 forts and advantages than the people of any other nation, 
 and this is due to the national ownership of her most im 
 portant enterprises. The state owns and operates three 
 thousand miles of railroad. She did not, like Toadia, give 
 large tracts of land and subsidies in money to private cor 
 porations to build her roads. Although wages is thirty- 
 five per cent higher than in this country, and the roads 
 
ictf BEYOND THE fcl.ACK OCEAN 
 
 cost double the sum of our roads, for they are built much 
 better, and the rates are only one-sixth of our rates, yet 
 the government has already realized profits sufficient to 
 pay every dollar of debt contracted in making her rail 
 roads, and is now in a position to double the wages of 
 employes and reduce rates fifty per cent. 
 
 In Zabulon, railroads sell annual tickets, good for 
 five miles in and out of the city, for four dollars and a half. 
 If a person goes in and out every day, the distance will be 
 three thousand six hundred and fifty miles, and if he 
 goes twice every day, it is seven thousand three hundred, 
 all for the insignificant sum of four dollars and fifty cents, 
 which is less than one-sixteenth of a cent per mile, or six 
 teen miles for one cent. 
 
 " A four-track road can be built for fifteen thousand 
 dollars per mile for each track, but we will add to this 
 sum five thousand dollars, which is a very liberal esti 
 mate. The distance from Engeddi to Sohonan is three 
 thousand four hundred and fifty miles, and a four-track 
 road would make a total of thirteen thousand eight hun 
 dred miles, and to this add one thousand two hundred 
 miles for siding, and we have fifteen thousand miles. The 
 total cost of constructing this would be three hundred mil 
 lion dollars. The expense of operating the road would 
 be, for repairs, thirty million ; the wages of one hundred 
 and fifty thousand men, at four dollars per day, for eight 
 hours work, and three hundred and fifty days in the year, 
 would amount to two hundred and nineteen million dol 
 lars. This would give ten men for every mile of road, 
 more than double the number now employed. The cost 
 of fuel and oil and other incidentals would not exceed 
 ten millions annually. The total expense, including re 
 pairs, etc., would amount to two hundred and fifty-nine 
 millions annually. 
 
 " The charge of transporting a ton of freight one hun 
 dred miles is now about one dollar. If we reduce this cost 
 to twenty-five cents per ton, our business will be enor 
 mously increased. We could have one hundred and fifty 
 thousand freight cars on this line. If they average fifteen 
 tons to the car, we would move two million, two hundred 
 and fifty thousand tons of freight ten miles every day, 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 1Q7 
 
 which would realize in profits five hundred and sixty-two 
 thousand dollars every day; and during three hundred 
 and fifty days, which is less than a year, our income from 
 this source would be one hundred and ninety-five million 
 dollars. Let us reduce passenger rates and traveling 
 would be enormously increased. If we charge three cents 
 for every hundred miles, or one dollar to cross the con 
 tinent, at the very lowest estimate, we could depend on 
 having one hundred and fifty million passengers, and this 
 would create an income of one hundred and fifty million 
 dollars. It is more than possible that our list would ex 
 ceed three hundred million; but even presuming there 
 would be only half that number, the total profits from 
 freight and passenger rates would be three hundred and 
 forty million. Add to this sum fourteen millions from the 
 express business, and we have a total income of three 
 hundred and fifty-four millions, which gives us a balance 
 of ninety-six millions. In less than four years the profits 
 would pay for the constructing of the entire line of fifteen 
 thousand miles, and we could afford to carry the mail free 
 of charge. 
 
 In Lybia the government owns two thousand, nine 
 hundred and three miles of road, and the profits realized 
 last year was five millions, which was sufficient to pay all 
 the national expenses. With a population of one million, 
 one hundred and forty thousand, four hundred and 
 twenty, the road carried nine millions of passengers. This 
 is ample evidence that low rates encourage traveling. We 
 have seventy millions of inhabitants in this country, and if 
 our traveling would increase in the same ratio as in other 
 countries with low rates, we would have at least four hun 
 dred million passengers annually. 
 
 " Larosh, with a population of six hundred thousand, 
 owns four hundred miles of railroad, which netted, in 
 1854, the sum of nine hundred thousand dollars. Somold 
 owns six thousand, nine hundred miles of road, and the 
 net returns is twenty-five millions annually. All private 
 roads escheat to the government after a specified period of 
 time. In Simeon private corporations own nearly all the 
 roads, but with the stipulation that they become state 
 property after ninety-nine years ; and during this time 
 
198 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 they carry the mails and government officials free, and 
 also pay forty per cent of the profits to the state. The 
 nation also owns four hundred miles of road which it op 
 erates. 
 
 " If we compare the number of accidents on the roads 
 owned by the government with those in our own land, we 
 find that the fatalities on the latter are six times as many, 
 and injuries nine times as many, as on the former. This 
 proves, in the first place, the solicitude on the part of the 
 national roads for the safety of passengers and employes. 
 The services, the speed, the accommodations on national 
 railroads, are superior to those operated by private com 
 panies. It has been estimated by competent authorities 
 that the government ownership of our roads would save 
 the country eight hundred millions annually. Now, where 
 does this money go. It is wasted in the struggle for busi 
 ness, for advertising, corrupting our Legislatures and in 
 bribing the Senate and Congress of Toadia. And who 
 pays for the waste? The patrons and employes of the 
 road. 
 
 " But some one will rebut this objection by the state 
 ment that the money wasted in advertising helps the 
 printer, and, hence, is usefully employed. Whatever fails 
 to produce is wasted. Now the printing of books and 
 posters and pamphlets for increasing trade does not pro 
 duce, and therefore it is money cast into the sea. If, for 
 my amusement, I engage a minstrel show for the season, 
 and compensate the actors with money, I am giving them 
 the product of labor, and therefore the laborers of the 
 nation suffer the loss, or, in other words, they are pay 
 ing to keep me in useless luxuries. If the printers were 
 not employed in useless occupations they would become 
 producers, and their labor would enhance the wealth of 
 the world. The national ownership of railroads is the 
 only remedy for the evil. 
 
 " But would not this interfere with personal liberty? 
 By no means, for I do not advocate the confiscation of 
 roads, although in justice such a measure should be 
 adopted, for the public, in excessive rates and low wages, 
 have paid for the railroads every three years. A road that 
 is watered to five times its real value, and pays a dividend 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN IQ9 
 
 of eight per cent annually, is paying forty per cent divi 
 dends on the real value, and in two and one-half years the 
 income suffices to build and equip the line. Some of our 
 roads are watered more than this amount ; and some roads 
 that cost but twenty millions are capitalized at one hun 
 dred and fifty millions. Since these corporations have 
 been robbing the public for thirty or forty years, the gov 
 ernment would be justified in seeking indemnification by 
 having recourse to radical measures, and pass an act for 
 their confiscation. 
 
 " But I am opposed to the employment of violent 
 methods, and I would advocate the wisdom of purchas 
 ing the lines from the corporations. If the road is valued 
 at twenty millions, let the government make an offer 
 of that sum to the company, and, in case of refusal, impose 
 a franchise tax, equal to the tax levied on other property. 
 If the road asks one hundred million and the government 
 tax is one per cent, I would charge them the same on the 
 capitalized stock, and this would create an annual income 
 from the Toadian railways of one hundred and twenty 
 millions. Moreover, I would build lines in opposition 
 to the private lines, reduce freight tonnage to one-fourth 
 of a cent per mile, and double wages, and the private 
 roads would soon pass out of existence. After the roads 
 have realized a sum in profits sufficient to compensate for 
 their construction, which would require but a period of 
 four years, I would make another reduction in rates of at 
 least fifty per cent, and again double wages. 
 
 "Now, Judge, what do you think of that damnable ar 
 ticle?" asked Mr. Rosenberger, laying down the paper. 
 
 "Why, it is simply horrible !" cried his listener. "That 
 fellow should be shot !" 
 
 "Shot ! Shot !" repeated the angry old man. "He 
 should be burned at the stake ! Oh ! I wish I had him in 
 my power ! I would put him where roads are out of the 
 question. That man should be taken out to the public 
 square and lashed till he fell beneath the strokes. What 
 would you do if the government should take possession of 
 the roads? Could you live in a palace? Could you keep 
 a retinue of servants with your income? Could I afford 
 to send several millions to my son-in-law every year? 
 
20O BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 Could my daughter afford to reign the society queen of 
 Danish aristocracy? Could she afford to entertain the 
 nobility of New Israel in her princely castle? Why, then 
 we would have no millionaires. What could we do with 
 five per cent dividends on our investments ? Ah ! menials, 
 you would aspire to equality with your masters ! Our 
 schemes have, hitherto, been failures, but the day of vic 
 tory is not far distant. Already the sun of royalty is send 
 ing his faint rays across the ocean waves, and they are 
 gilding the foaming surge with golden hues. Before an 
 other decade the hopes of the proletaire will be forever 
 blasted. Armed soldiers will walk this land, and purple 
 robes will grace the mansion of the Chief Executive, and 
 the jewels will glisten in the diadem of a Toadian mon 
 arch, whose scepter will wave, and- mailed hosts will obey, 
 and cowards will shrink, and slaves will crouch, and noble 
 families can live in peace and joy, and fear not the flames 
 of the incendiary or the assassin s dagger." 
 
 "There is no doubt but your visions will be realized in 
 less than a decade," commented the Judge. "Already we 
 have imperialism under a fictitious name. Heron will 
 soon be subjected, and the soldiers fighting for the empire 
 of the Eagles in the distant isles of the Moabitic sea, can 
 be recalled to defend the glory of the flag against the 
 machinations of domestic foes. We must make imperial 
 ism and trusts the planks in our platform. By subsidizing 
 the press we can easily convert the public to our views on 
 these questions. The Toadian people are very susceptible 
 to bombast about the glory of the flag. The poor devils im 
 agine that the flag is everything, and it is easy to convince 
 them that the extension of our dominions will redound 
 to the wealth of our land, and the triumph of our nation. 
 It is hard to deceive a phlegmatic race with vain gascon 
 ade, but men of quick impulses can be cajoled without any 
 difficulty. 
 
 "Imperialism will go down all right. In fact, the press 
 has already accomplished the victory, and if the election 
 were to occur to-morrow, we would carry the country. 
 Now the trusts can drop in their prices when the cam 
 paign is on, and we can proudly refer to the benefits of 
 vast comporations in the facilities of production, and the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2OI 
 
 cheapness of commodities. As a reason for the advanced 
 prices of the last year or two, we can allege the expenses 
 incurred by our new departure, as all young enterprises 
 labor under difficulties in iheir infancy. We can promise 
 to make a reduction every month as a result of our in 
 creased efficiencies in production and increased facilities 
 in trade, and, as a warranty of this pledge, we will actually 
 fall in our prices up to the day of election. Then we will 
 roll in on the biggest majority we have ever had. As soon 
 as our party is in power, of course, we will make up for 
 losses and fleece the suckers for the next four years." 
 
 "What do you think of the forces of the Social Dem 
 ocratic party?" 
 
 They have clubs all over the country, but they will 
 not be known when the election comes." 
 
 "You think that Social Democracy is not a factor to 
 be considered in the coming campaign?" 
 
 "They will not poll half a million votes, and that will 
 be an advantage to us, for they will draw their resources 
 from the Liberal Party." 
 
 "What about the Socialist Labor Party ?" 
 
 "Well, the Socialist Labor party will not affiliate with 
 Social Democracy, and their power will be lost. These 
 reform parties could possibly give us a little trouble, if 
 they were all united ; but where there is no union 1 there is 
 no strength, and the more the parties are multiplied the 
 better for our cause. By the way, Mr. Rosenberger," 
 the Judge broke off, "I see that Guisman has departed 
 for Dan." 
 
 "Is that so? When?" 
 
 "He sailed last Monday on the Bethlehem." 
 
 "The scoundrel ! He has not completed his work." 
 
 "Did you pay him the required sum ?" . 
 
 "By no means ! He was here about ten days ago, and 
 pleaded with me for one hundred thousand dollars, but I 
 told him that he had not yet complied with the provisions 
 of the contract, and I would not recognize his claims until 
 he would." 
 
 "What did he say?" 
 
 "He stated that the end was not far off, and what he 
 had done would lead to a crisis, as the public would soon 
 
202 BEYOND THE BLRCK OCEAN 
 
 take the matter in their own hands. I think that Guisman 
 is intimidated, and that is the reason for his sudden de 
 parture. Why, you are not going so early, Judge?" 
 
 "Yes, I have an engagement this forenoon, and I must 
 leave for the present, but I will call to-morrow evening 
 and discuss the question thoroughly." 
 
 CHAPTER XXIII. 
 
 On the I2th day of June, 1859, a stranger alighted 
 from the Lidda and Deboreh train as it reached the Un 
 ion station in Meron. His face was furrowed with wrin 
 kles, and his brow was marked with sorrow. His hair 
 was white, and his form w r as slightly bent, though there 
 was a dignity in his bearing and a stateliness in his move 
 ments that attracted the gaze of those who usually appear 
 in public places for the sake of passing the tedious hours. 
 The old man accosted a public officer, and inquired about 
 Mrs. Gilhooley. In response to his question, the officer 
 replied : 
 
 flMrs. Gilhooley lives on High Street, between Twen 
 ty-second and Twenty-third Streets. If you take the Edne 
 Grove car, you can pass by the house. You mean Isaac 
 Gilhooley s mother, don t you?" 
 
 At mention of the name the old man started. 
 
 "Isaac Gilhooley," he repeated. "Who is Isaac Gil 
 hooley?" 
 
 "I presume that you are a stranger in the country, and 
 perhaps you are not acquainted with the history of the 
 noble reformer. He was a journalist of national reputa 
 tion, and his enemies accused him of murder and accom 
 plished his ruin. The unborn babe was not more inno 
 cent than Isaac Gilhooley of the crime for which he was 
 sentenced, but circumstances favored the intrigues of 
 those who feared his pen, and the law judged him guilty 
 of the deed." 
 
 While the officer was recounting the history of Isaac 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 20J 
 
 Gilhooley from his boyhood to his incarceration, the old 
 man shook with emotion and tears came to his eyes. 
 
 "What was the name of Isaac Gilhooley s father?" 
 then queried the stranger. 
 
 "He was Moses Gilhooley, a Confederate officer in the 
 Rebellion." 
 
 "My God! is it possible! And the mother of Isaac 
 Gilhooley is she yet living ?" 
 
 "Yes, she is the lady to whom I referred you when 
 you mentioned her name." 
 
 The stranger then learned from his informant that the 
 mother of Moses Gilhooley, for whom, he was looking, 
 had died several years previously. 
 
 "How long has the younger Mrs. Gilhooley been liv 
 ing here?" asked the stranger. 
 
 "Ever since her return from New Israel, nearly a 
 quarter of a century ago." 
 
 "Do you know the antecedents of Mrs. Gilhooley?" 
 inquired the old man. 
 
 "She was the daughter of a banker in Engeddi, and 
 her maiden name was Louise Rosenthal." 
 
 "Ah ! Louise still lives ! But continue, I have inter 
 rupted you." 
 
 "She was married to Moses Gilhooley in Rubek, and 
 on their homeward voyage they were shipwrecked. She 
 was rescued from the waves, but her husband lost his life, 
 and in honor of his memory she has never laid aside her 
 mourning weeds." 
 
 "Ah ! faithful Louise !" cried the stranger. "I am very 
 thankful to you for the information, and now I will take 
 the car for Mrs. Gilhooley s residence." 
 
 "Here is one coming now the blue car it takes you 
 by the door." The old man bade the policeman good-day 
 and departed. In the meantime a group of men, attracted 
 by the venerable and weird appearance, had gathered 
 around to listen to the conversation 
 
 "Who in the world is he?" said a young man to the 
 officer. 
 
 "He seems to be an ancient friend of the Rosenthal 
 family. Perhaps it is Rosenthal himself. No, that could 
 
204 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 not be, for he did not know of Isaac Gilhooley s career 
 and death. He is a strange character." 
 
 Many conjectures were offered, all at variance, and 
 none gave a clue to the solution of the mystery. The 
 stranger reached the home of Mrs. Gilhooley and rang 
 the bell. A maid responded to the summons, and the 
 old man asked if he could see Mrs. Louise Gilhooley. "I 
 will see," said the maid. "Come in and take a seat." Go 
 ing to the sitting-room the girl informed her mistress that 
 an aged gentleman wished to see her, and in a few mo" 
 ments she was in the parlor. The stranger gazed at her, 
 the tears streaming from his eyes. He was overcome 
 with emotion, and in trembling voice he asked if she were 
 Mrs. Louise Gilhooley. 
 
 "Yes, sir," replied the matron. 
 
 "Are you the widow of Moses Gilhooley?" 
 
 "I am." 
 
 "And the daughter of Jeremiah Rosenthal?" 
 
 "Yes." 
 
 "And you were married in Rubek in 1833?" 
 
 "I was." 
 
 "May I ask you about the death of your husband?" 
 
 "Yes, sir," and the lady related the story of the ship 
 wreck. When she ceased speaking the strange man cried : 
 
 "Your husband is not dead, but liveth ! Louise, don t 
 you know me? I am Moses Gilhooley, the husband 
 whose death you have so long mourned." 
 
 The lady almost fainted when she recognized her long- 
 lost husband, and Moses gathered her in his arms, as he 
 had done in the early days of life. They wept, and then 
 smiles of joy would break through their tears. When the 
 first emotion subsided, Moses Gilhooley related to his 
 wife the history of the years that had passed away from 
 the wrecking of the Damascus till their meeting then in 
 Meron. 
 
 The tidings of Gilhooley s return to his native land 
 flew across the continent on the wings of the wires, and 
 every daily paper in Toadia announced the event the next 
 morning. The Meron Standard contained a vivid ac 
 count of the arrival, prefaced with glaring headlines. 
 "Mystery within mystery. The son dies and the father 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 20" 
 
 comes back from the tomb. Moses Gilhooley, who was 
 mourned as one of the victims of the ill-fated Damascus, 
 returned to Meron yesterday after an absence of nearly 
 twenty-eight years. The appearance of a stranger, deep 
 ly interested in the Gilhooley family, excited the curiosity 
 of the multitude, and last night it was whispered about 
 that Moses Gilhooley was in Meron. The fall of the stars 
 could not have created a greater sensation. The reporter 
 of the Standard obtained an interview with the aged hero 
 at his home on High Street. The veteran narrated the 
 story of his life between sobs and sighs, and at times his 
 emotion would become so strong that he wept bitterly. 
 His loving wife would throw her arms around his neck 
 and kiss his wrinkled brow. 
 
 " In making an effort to save my wife and babe the 
 night that the Damascus was wrecked/ he said, I ex 
 hausted my strength and fell back into the water, and was 
 lost for several minutes in the waves. After a severe 
 struggle I emerged and made my way to a boat, and when 
 my presence was noticed by the passengers they lent me 
 their assistance and rescued me from death. When I dis 
 covered that my wife was in another boat I loudly called 
 her name, but amidst the roar of the deep, and the shrieks 
 of death, my voice was lost, and, as we had no oars, our 
 little boat was at the mercy of the billows. Before the 
 blush of morn streaked the eastern sky, and the light of 
 day, playing on the ripples of the sea revealed our posi 
 tion we had drifted far away, and the boats were so widely 
 scattered that I could not tell wh^re to look for my dar 
 lings. Had I known where to find them I would have 
 hazarded my life in the deep. But the effort would have 
 been useless, and my fellow-passengers dissuaded me 
 from the attempt, consoling me with the thought that, 
 within the next twenty-four hours some ship would ap 
 pear and rescue us all from the perilous position. 
 
 " The night came on, and no hope cheered our des 
 olate hearts. The morning dawn revealed one wide ex 
 panse of wave bounded by sky, and not a sail broke the 
 monotony of the scene. The next day announced no joy 
 ful tidings, and one of our passengers, an aged lady, per 
 ished from cold and hunger, and within twenty-four hours 
 
2c6 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 her daughter followed her to the watery grave. In less 
 than three days I was the only living passenger in the 
 boat, and I felt that my hour was near at hand. On the 
 fifth day I beheld a vessel on the distant horizon, and my 
 heart leaped with joy. A thousand thoughts flitted across 
 my troubled brain, like shadows and sunshine floating 
 over the billows. Should I be rescued and find my home 
 desolate, bereft of wife and child ! The thought was ex 
 cruciating. Nevermore to see their dimpled faces 
 wreathed in smiles of joy ! nevermore to hear those voices 
 more enchanting than the music of the gods ! nevermore 
 to feel those tender arms entwined around my neck, and 
 those tender forms pressed to my bosom. 
 
 The ship approached me, and I hailed it. I noticed 
 that the men were arrayed in strange costumes, a uniform 
 that I had never seen in any civilized nation. I was drawn 
 from the deep, and, after recovering from the fatigues 
 and privations of the struggle, endured for nearly a week, 
 I was clothed in the garb of the crew, and put to work. 
 They spoke a strange language, but I could glean from 
 signs which they made and other indications that they 
 were people of the Orient. In two weeks time we landed, 
 and then I discovered that I was in the hands of the Jesu- 
 bites, a nation of pirates, who occasionally enter our 
 waters. I was put on the block and sold to merchants 
 from Soba, and they took me to their native country, 
 where I was condemned to work as a slave in the castle of 
 a Soban prince. 
 
 " After three months I made my escape, and wan 
 dered through the mountains, often inhabiting caves and 
 dwelling amidst rocks, not infrequently sleeping on the 
 ground, protected by leaves and brush. The national 
 guards were on my trail, but I escaped their vigilance, 
 though I could not manage to get out of the country. 
 For two years I eluded every effort made to recapture me. 
 Then the pursuit was abandoned, and one dark, stormy 
 night I came forth from my silent retreat and passed be 
 yond the borders of Soba into the land of the Lannites. 
 Here I was arrested as* a spy and incarcerated, and I lan 
 guished in a dungeon for four years. During this time I 
 relieved my mind of gathering thoughts by writing a book, 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEA^ ^07 
 
 which I afterwards published at a terrible cost. Finding no 
 specific charges against me, the Lannites opened the door 
 of my prison, and I was again a free man. I had no money, 
 so I was compelled to work in order to acquire sufficient 
 funds to bring me back to my native land. A storekeeper 
 gave me employment for two months, and I received in 
 payment forty skees, a sum equal to ten dollars in Toadian 
 money. 
 
 " I determined to travel as far as this money would 
 bring me, and I took the ship for Rohab. When I reached 
 that country I discovered that it was in the throes of war 
 with the Cushites, and I was drafted and compelled to 
 fight the battles of a foreign nation for five years. In the 
 meantime I drew my wages, which was about two hun 
 dred dollars in our coin, and then I took the next ship 
 for Dan, and reached that country in twenty days. It was 
 my determination to leave at the earliest date for Toadia, 
 and I was going to the office of the Ninivite line, when I 
 met my old friend, Mr. Sanger, from Meron, and, of 
 course, I greeted him joyfully. I told him that I was 
 going home, and asked about my wife and babe, and he 
 told me that my child had perished in the waters, and my 
 wife had returned to her father s home, and soon after 
 wards was married to my old enemy, Luke Tischendorf, 
 of Engeddi. 
 
 " I had known Tischendorf as a schoolboy, when his 
 father lived in the South, and many a time I thrashed him 
 for his mean, contemptible disposition. Again I exposed 
 his villainous schemes to pass the appropriation bill for 
 the construction of the Lidda and Central Railroad, of 
 which he was a stockholder, and it was solely through the 
 efforts of the money kings of the South that he was saved 
 from the penitentiary. To think that my darling Louise 
 had forgotten me so soon and married that varlet was 
 more than I could endure. I went to my hotel and wept 
 bitterly, and I determined never again to gaze on the land 
 of my nativity. I learned to hate my mother country. I 
 cursed her hills and vales, her lakes and streams, and it 
 would have been my delight if some powerful nation had 
 invaded her shores, and destroyed her liberties. I feared 
 to meet a person whom I had ever known, and in my mad 
 
208 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 rage I decided to leave Dan immediately, and visit New 
 Israel, where I could hide my head among strangers. 
 
 " I went to Simeon and the visions of my early days in 
 Rubek came back to haunt me like a spectre from the 
 tomb. I fled to the capital of Zabulon, and one day, as 
 I was walking down the street, I saw the Eagles floating 
 from the Toadian Consulate, and I fled as if the very folds 
 contained the germs of death, and I bent my footsteps 
 toward the land of Kurush. There, I said, I shall never 
 see the face of a friend, and the world will never know the 
 fate of Moses Gilhooley. After several months I ob 
 tained a position on the Cosmopolitan Press at a salary of 
 one hundred dollars a month, and with this- income I was 
 enabled to live in ease and comfort. 
 
 " In 1847 I published the book which I had written 
 during my incarceration in Lanna, and I was arraigned 
 before the national Sanhedrin for heresy and treason, and 
 sent to the penal colony of Rebia for life. Here I en 
 dured all the tortures of the damned. For more than ten 
 years I was condemned to the chain gang, deprived of 
 every enjoyment, never allowed to whisper to a fellow- 
 convict. The dark thoughts rolled through " my brain 
 during the hours of working, and at night I was tor 
 mented with visions more appalling than the tenth circle 
 of Donte s Inferno or Milton s dreams of hell. The days 
 of my boyhood returned to haunt me with scenes of plea 
 sure that had forever vanished, with sweet memories of 
 home, where I was a child of fond parents, the love of my 
 mother s heart, the glory of my father s ambition. I re 
 called my early days at the village school, and the com 
 panions of my youth. O, whither have faded those days 
 so full of bright hopes and golden promises ! Have the 
 parents of my youth passed beyond the mystic vale ? Have 
 they crossed the borders of life and the shadows of the 
 tomb ? Do they look down from their starry thrones and 
 behold me in this convict garb? 
 
 " Again I would wander through the lovely parks of 
 fair Rubek, with beautiful Louise by my side. I would 
 fold my darling wife and babe in my arms, and gaze on 
 their smiling faces, and kiss their rosy lips, and O, how 
 happy were those fleeting hours ! My wife became more 
 
BEYOND THE BLACKOCEAN 209 
 
 beautiful with the light of every morn, and my babe more 
 winsome in the vision of every dream. Then, when the 
 slumbers were broken, and I beheld the iron bars of the 
 prison, the memory of the dream tortured me with its 
 evanescent shadows. Many a time my wails sounded 
 through my dungeon cell and broke the sombre silence of 
 the night, and the solitude of the prison. Many a time 
 prayer asking relief escaped from my laden heart and 
 burning lips, and went forth to the halls of eternal justice 
 and the throne of mercy. What had I done to merit this 
 slow death, from which the damned would shrink? O, 
 God ! I cried, Who reignest beyond the deep blue immen 
 sity, amidst flames of purple light ! O God, Whose word 
 spoken before the dawn of time rolled forth into glittering 
 orbs and dazzling suns, Whose thoughts were material 
 ized in floating worlds and flaming globes, I raise my 
 voice to Thy radiant throne. Thou didst send Thy angel 
 from the celestial court to carry Thy prophet to the walls 
 of Babylon ; Thou didst command the ravens to feed Elias 
 at the torrent of Carith ; Thou didst send a spirit from the 
 stars to Agar, who sat by the fountain in the wilderness ; 
 Thou didst send an embassy from Thy radiant throne to 
 liberate the just men from the fire that consumed the 
 guilty cities of the plains ! O God ! Thou didst clothe Thy 
 messenger in a flaming pillar to direct the footsteps o f 
 Israel across the sands of the desert from the valley of 
 the Nile to the Valley of the Jordan,; Thou didst feed the 
 wandering sons of Abraham with manna from the clouds ; 
 Thou didst transform a solid rock into a limpid fountain 
 to slake the thirst of the weary travelers ; Thou didst arm 
 the trumpet of Josue with magic sounds that destroyed 
 the battlements of a fortified city; Thou didst confound 
 Balaam in his mission of vengeance, and changed his 
 curses into blessings ; Thou didst send martial angels to 
 lead Thy mailed hosts to glorious triumphs and fill the 
 camp of the Assyrians with the victims of death, and 
 haunted the invading legions with the whisperings of the 
 tomb ! O, God of omnipotence ! Thou holdest all things 
 in the hollow of Thy hand; Thy presence invades all 
 places; Thou art higher than heaven, deeper than hell, 
 broader than the earth and deeper than the sea; Thy 
 
210 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 thoughts are from generation to generation, and to Thee a 
 thousand years are as yesterday! O God, Thou art the 
 Ruler of empires, and Thy breath has swept away mighty 
 thrones, and hurled the diadem from the proudest monr- 
 arch, and broken the regal scepters into pieces. O God, 
 help Thou me in the days of my tribulation, preserve me 
 from the hand of the despot, as Thou didst save the life of 
 David from the spear of Saul, and shielded the youthful 
 hero in the perils of the battlefield. O God, arm the sera 
 phim with power to smite my enemies, as Thou didst send 
 the angel of desolation on the camp of the haughty con 
 queror, who, in his pride, had boasted that he would 
 humble the royal city. O God, break the manacles that 
 bind me as Thou didst open the prison door for the Prince 
 of the Apostles ; give me strength to crush the despots 
 who goad me to vengeance, as Thou didst enable Sam 
 son to pull down the pillars of the temple. O God, hear 
 my prayer ! Hear my cry ! hear my agonies, and turn not 
 a deaf ear to my supplication, but send a legion of angels 
 to assist me in my struggle for liberty ! 
 
 But my prayers were unavailing, and at times I 
 doubted the existence of Divine Providence. I could not 
 believe that a merciful God would tolerate His servants 
 to be afflicted with tortures, when it was in His power 
 to relieve them. I could not think that a just God would 
 permit the reign of injustice. Then again I wandered in 
 fancy s flight to the village of Bethlehem, where the Sec 
 ond Person of the Blessed Trinity was born in human 
 flesh, and while the voice of angels sang Glory be to God 
 on the highest, and peace on earth to men of good will, 
 the sorrows of all the ages grouped around the infant 
 form of Jesus Christ. I followed the career of the Naz- 
 arene from the cradle to the tomb. I beheld the flight into 
 Egypt, where the babe was borne to save His young life 
 from the sword of Herod. I dwelt with Him in the pov 
 erty and obscurity of His village home in Galilee. I saw 
 Him in the garden of Gethsemane, where the pale moon 
 light poured through the olive trees, and beamed on His 
 wan and haggard features. I heard the footsteps of the 
 soldiers coming to arrest Him, and saw the traitor leading 
 the wicked band. I followed Him to Pilate s hall, where 
 
LEYOND THE BLACK. OCEAN 211 
 
 he was scourged and crowned with thorns, and presented 
 as a spectacle to men and angels in the words of the Ro 
 man Governor, "Behold the Man !" I saw that sacred 
 form, burdened with the cross, wander forth to the 
 place of execution amid the jeers and taunts of the rabble. 
 I walked along the road to Calvary in the footprints of 
 my Redeemer, and saw the murderers stretch Him on the 
 instrument of torture, and heard the strokes of the ham 
 mer that drove the nails through His hands and feet. I 
 heard His last words of love, when the angel of death cast 
 the shadow of his wing across the bloodstained height. I 
 heard His promise to the penitent thief. I heard His cry 
 to the throne of mercy, "Father, forgive them, for they 
 know not what they do !" When I reflected on that 
 dreadful scene, a God weltering in the blood of a mortal, 
 a God pleading to His Father to spare His enemies, a God 
 crying to the throne of Omnipotence in behalf of His exe 
 cutioners, I said that God s ways are mysteries, and I re 
 signed myself to cruel fate, and prayed for the salvation 
 of my persecutors. 
 
 " After ten years of confinement I was released from 
 the chain gang and permitted to join the trusted men, who 
 enjoyed many privileges denied to the others. One day 
 I stole into the woods and escaped the vigilance of the 
 guards ; and, by traveling through the deep shadows of 
 the night, I reached the seashore within six months. I 
 confided in one of the sailors, who gave me a uniform, and 
 I discarded the convict s robe and went on the ship, as 
 one of the employes, and thus I made my way to Lybia, 
 and from there I went in another ship to Asher. There 
 I sought employment and in one year I had saved about 
 four hundred dollars. 
 
 " Time had changed my ideas, and I perceived that my 
 career had been unfortunate through the false step I had 
 taken, when I listened to the story of Sanger. My heart 
 was softened by sorrow, and as I had lost my former ha 
 tred for my native land, I decided to return again to the 
 scenes of my boyhood. I left Asher last Wednesday and 
 reached Deboreh on Monday, and immediately came to 
 Meron. I did not expect to see my mother when I in 
 quired for her. but I was astonished when I learned that 
 
212 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 my wife still lived, and mourned my loss, and that my 
 babe had become a famous man and died for the cause of 
 human liberty. 
 
 "Here the old man wept again. Mr. Gilhooley was 
 surprised and amazed when informed that Mr. Sanger 
 had deserted his wife in Meron and had married a Danish 
 lady. This is the reason he uttered that infamous false 
 hood against the fidelity of my beautiful Louise, said Mr. 
 Gilhooley. I presume that he thought I was acquainted 
 with the fact of his second marriage, and did not want 
 me to return and inform the people of this city. That 
 might have been one motive, said the reporter, but he 
 had another, and perhaps a stronger one. Before leaving 
 this country he committed several forgeries, aggregating 
 nearly a million dollars. He wanted to conceal himself 
 from the officers of the law, and he thought that your re 
 turning to Toadia might give a clue to his location. His 
 disappearance from home was mysterious, and it was 
 generally presumed that he had been assassinated. When 
 the forgeries were discovered no one ever dreamed of 
 looking for him byond the Abrahamic waters, for it was 
 supposed that he had taken refuge in the far East. 
 
 "Was he ever captured? asked Gilhooley. Yes, 
 seven years afterwards he was apprehended in Zabulon 
 and taken back to this country, and sentenced to the 
 penitentiary for twenty-one years. Well/ said the old 
 man, I cannot pity him, for his calumny separated me 
 from my wife for an eternity. Mr. Gilhooley promised 
 to furnish the Standard with a synopsis of his book at 
 some future time, and the public may look for a treat. The 
 title of the work is, Dawn and Darkness. ; 
 
 CHAPTER XXIV. 
 
 "The Flaming Sword" contained the following com 
 munication in its issue of July Hth, 1860: 
 
 "Last week the Kidron Chronicle contained a contri- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACR OCEAN 213 
 
 bution from the pen of Senator Wilhelm, who descanted 
 on the futility of Socialism, and, as an illustration, he 
 pointed to the postoffice. That/ said the writer, is an 
 example of the inability of the government to manage a 
 great concern with economy. The postal system does not 
 pay. But the Senator did not advance any reason to 
 maintain his position against the beneficence of Socialism. 
 Does the public school pay? And why not? Because it 
 is a public institution, which gives free instruction to the 
 youth of the land. No free institution can realize divi 
 dends. When the postage was three cents, the postoffice 
 not only paid, but yielded a revenue of several millions to 
 the national treasury. Every employe in the mail service 
 is well compensated for his labor, the average wages be 
 ing nine hundred and ninety dollars per annum. Two 
 cents will carry a letter to the farthest end of the Re 
 public. The government gives seven million dollars an 
 nually in rent for one thousand postal cars, whose con 
 struction costs only four millions, and these cars will last 
 for twenty years. Therefore, the railroads rob the gov 
 ernment of six million, eight hundred thousand dollars 
 annually. The Deboreh and Central Road charges eight 
 thousand, five hundred dollars for every car, and these 
 cars can be made for three thousand, five hundred dollars. 
 In addition to this, the roads charge one cent for every 
 fifty-six miles for the transportation of mail, which is 
 eight times as much as they charge the express com 
 panies, and fifty times the rate paid by the shippers. More 
 over, thousands of tons of mail are sent free, such as 
 books on agriculture and millions of other publications, 
 to say nothing of the low rates furnished to newspapers. 
 Another item in computing the amount of mail carried at 
 the expense of the government is the franking system. 
 
 "The receipts of the postoffice in 1857 were ninety 
 million dollars, and the expenses ninety-eight million. Of 
 this sum, fifty-two millions were paid to the railroads. 
 The annual robbery perpetrated by railroads against the 
 government of this country in the transportation of mails 
 is over thirty millions. Stop that robbery, and there will 
 be an annual profit of twenty-two millions accruing to the 
 postoffice. 
 
214 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "The mail service in Dan realizes a profit of sixteen 
 million dollars. In Zabulon it aggregates twenty-seven 
 million; in New Media it is four million, and in every 
 country in the trans-arctic world, except Toadia, the post- 
 office yields a revenue to the national treasury. 
 
 "Public roads should be utilized for the benefits of 
 the community, as they are public conveniences built for 
 public purposes and are granted franchise by the govern 
 ment. The people should demand the ownership of these, 
 and not permit private corporations to fatten on the pub 
 lic pap. I speak not only of railroads but of street car 
 lines. Are not these lines using the city for their private 
 purposes ? Are they not accumulating wealth at the ex 
 pense of the public ? Let us emancipate the people from 
 the reign of the moneyed oligarchy of the land. Let us 
 assert and defend our inalienable rights, of which we 
 have been divested. The masses are but caryatids used to 
 sustain the temple of wealth. 
 
 "The actual cost of transporting passengers is less 
 than two cents in great cities like Deboreh, Lidda, Kidron 
 and Sohaman. In the city- of Deboreh, the Third Avenue 
 line, which is twenty-eight miles long, is capitalized at 
 five hundred and twenty-seven thousand dollars per mile. 
 The road pays five per cent on five million dollars of 
 bonds and ten per cent on ten million dollars of stock. 
 The net earnings per mile every year is forty thousand 
 dollars. The Broadway line is a more aggravated case of 
 municipal robbery. It has ten miles of line, and it is cap 
 italized at one million, one hundred and fifty-two thou 
 sand dollars per mile. 
 
 "The president of the General Electric Railway Com 
 pany in 1855 offered one hundred thousand dollars for 
 the franchise from the north to the south of the city, and 
 promised to give a three-cent fare to the public. It was 
 ably proved by a writer in the Sun, about two months ago, 
 that the west line could afford to reduce the fare to one 
 cent, and yet give a large dividend. Millions of dollars 
 are yearly cast by the citizens of Deboreh into the coffers 
 of the street railway companies without any compensar 
 tion. 
 
 "In the city of Tamolob the council wisely exacted 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 215 
 
 from the street car lines twenty per cent of their gross re 
 ceipts for the use of the public thoroughfares. The rev 
 enue derived from this source has been judiciously in 
 vested, and the income has been spent in securing for the 
 city a system of beautiful parks. Since the Broadway 
 franchise scandal the Deboreh street railway franchises 
 are sold to the highest bidder, and this measure has pre 
 vented the city council from granting the rights of the 
 people to private corporations for their personal benefits. 
 
 "Danish bondholders draw six hundred and fifty thou 
 sand dollars from their investments In street railways of 
 the cities of Laup and Polinisrop. Did the ties and iron 
 and cars come from Dan? Did Danish labor build those 
 lines? If the people of the twin cities built those lines 
 they should own them. Why should Toadian money be 
 shipped across the waters every year to the capitalists of 
 Hosea, when those capitalists have done nothing for the 
 advancement of our cities, when they have never even 
 seen the lines which yield them a revenue ? Simply be 
 cause our people do not comprehend the benefits they 
 would receive in exchanging the credit of the city for the 
 labor required in constructing and operating these roads, 
 and, in their ignorance, they pay fabulous sums for a me 
 dium of exchange. 
 
 "The cities of Deboreh, Poorlyn, Engeddi, Telon and 
 Mason have their water lines, which yield a large rev 
 enue. Why not go a step further and have a complete 
 ownership of every municipal franchise, of every public 
 enterprise? Millions could be saved by adopting these 
 wise measures. Port David is the only city in Toadia 
 with municipal ownership of railways. Its population 
 does not exceed two thousand, seven hundred, and it has 
 an electric road with eight miles of track. The construc 
 tion and equipment of this line cost one hundred and 
 twelve thousand dollars, or fourteen thousand dollars per 
 mile. The annual income is ten thousand dollars. De 
 ducting from this sum eight thousand for operating, and 
 the municipality has two thousand dollars in profits. 
 
 "Romoto has built and operates its street railways, 
 which cost one million, five hundred thousand dollars, 
 and the yearly profits are four hundred thousand dollars. 
 
2l6 BEYOND THE BLACKOCEAN 
 
 According to this the road will redeem itself in four years. 
 
 "The pawn shops of our country lend money at from 
 twenty-five to fifty per cent. In Simeon the national 
 pawn shops never charge higher than ten per cent, and 
 they are substantial means of assisting the indigent 
 classes, and are actually the poor man s bank. These 
 banks were established in Rubek as early as 1737, and in 
 that city they transact a business of seven millions an 
 nually. After paying all expenses and interest on capital, 
 their profits amount to three hundred thousand dollars. 
 Zabulon has eighty cities conducting national pawn shops. 
 
 "There are six hundred cities in the world with mu 
 nicipal gas plants, and the rates are from seventy-five to 
 one hundred per cent lower than the private companies 
 in Toadia. Baron has a plant which was constructed at 
 a cost of one hundred and seventy-six thousand dollars, 
 which provides the city with gas at seventy-five cents per 
 one thousand; and, besides lighting the streets and all 
 public buildings free of cost, there is an annual profit of 
 thirty thousand dollars accruing to the community. In 
 six years the profits covered the original cost of the plant. 
 The city authorities made the statement last year that the 
 cost of gas, including labor, repairs and extensions, was 
 only forty cents per one thousand feet. Deboreh is robbed 
 of three millions every year by private gas companies. 
 
 "Meron City furnishes gas at sixty cents per one thou 
 sand feet, and realizes a balance of forty thousand dollars 
 annually. Tamform has her gas at fifty cents per one 
 thousand feet. Hosea is depending* for its gas on the 
 great Danish Trust, which has a capitalized stock aggre 
 gating eighty million dollars. The real value of the plant 
 is twenty millions, and the annual dividends amount to 
 nine and one-half millions, or a profit of forty-five per 
 cent on the investment. The people are compelled to pay 
 ninety-five cents per one thousand feet. Chesman, with 
 a municipal plant, provides gas at sixty cents per one 
 thousand feet ; and, besides lighting public buildings and 
 streets and parks free, has a net profit of four hundred 
 and fifty-three thousand dollars per annum, which is spent 
 in making city improvements and reducing taxation. 
 
 "In 1842 Mungar bought her plant at ten million dol- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2I 7 
 
 lars, and she supplies gas at fifty cents per nineteen hun 
 dred feet, and has an annual balance of one hundred and 
 seventy-five thousand dollars. She has, moreover, re 
 duced the hours of labor for those employed in the gas 
 works to an eight-hour day, and advanced the wages. 
 Wogsol gives gas for sixty cents per one thousand feet, 
 and makes an annual profit of three hundred thousand 
 dollars. Whenever municipalities have purchased plants 
 from private corporations, although at enormous prices, 
 they have invariably and immediately reduced the cost to 
 consumers from one dollar and twenty-five cents and one 
 dollar and seventy-five cents to seventy^five and fifty 
 cents. Desmon has gas at twenty-eight cents per one 
 thousand feet, and the municipality has promised a re 
 duction in the near future. 
 
 The public health demands municipal ownership of 
 the water-works, for nothing disseminates the germs of 
 disease more rapidly and efficaciously than impure water. 
 Is it wise to entrust the health of a community to a pri 
 vate company who will economize at the expense of its 
 patrons ? In many cities of Toadia the water-works are 
 under the municipality, and, as compared with the private 
 ownership of water supplies, statistics prove that millions 
 of dollars, as well as scores of lives, have been saved by 
 the adoption of this movement. 
 
 "The telephone, operated by municipalities, as in most 
 of the cities of New Israel, shows that the vast cost of this 
 convenience can be reduced at least one hundred per cent. 
 The city of Smyral saves forty per cent by the ownership 
 of the electric light; Gilead forty-nine per cent; Kerops 
 sixty-two per cent, and Loman sixty-four per cent. These 
 are four illustrations of four hundred that I could easily 
 mention. National telegraph and telephone lines can 
 furnish service five hundred per cent cheaper than the 
 lines operated by private companies. And yet people will 
 not open their eyes to see the truth ! Why permit pri 
 vate corporations to rob you of millions annually ? It is 
 not a mystery that our country is filled with kings and 
 beggars, and the chasm between the classes is growing 
 wider and deeper with the succession of the seasons. Let 
 the people of this country buy out the corporations, or 
 
2l8 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 build other industries in the same line of business, in case 
 the companies refuse to relinquish their claims to the 
 empire of the nation s wealth and power. 
 
 The only method of destroying the influence of the 
 trusts is to establish government trusts, which can afford 
 to undersell the private trusts, and the latter will vanish 
 in a week. The trusts are beneficial to the nation when 
 they give the benefit of their power to the consumer, for 
 a mighty industry that fills every corner of the empire 
 can diminish the cost of production and exchange. Mil 
 lions can be saved by avoiding the necessity of compe 
 tition, which involves useless expenditure of exertion in 
 soliciting patronage. The dairyman is compelled to waste 
 half of his time in seeking patrons for his produce. While 
 he has only one customer in the extreme east part of the 
 city, there is another in the extreme west, and the inter 
 vening space is occupied by a dozen competitors. If we 
 had the government control of the milk supply, each 
 wagon would have its territory, and there would be no ne 
 cessity for competition, since each would furnish the 
 same quantity of fluid at the same price. People would 
 have no hesitancy about the purity of the article, since 
 the government would have no motive for adulterating 
 the milk. In every line of industry, the same advantages 
 are apparent. The storekeeper would spend no money 
 in advertising his groceries, as he is an agent of the gov 
 ernment, and it is a matter of indifference to him whether 
 you patronize his house or go down to the next corner. 
 In fact, there would be no necessity for the multiplication 
 of stores. One vast establishment would be sufficient to 
 supply the demands of the entire city. The saving from 
 a co-operative system of production and distribution, 
 under the management of the government, would mount 
 up to the billions, and this great sum, now uselessly ex 
 pended, would go to the consumers and producers." 
 
 Some readers may doubt the authenticity of these fig 
 ures, but they are verified by a comparison of private with 
 government industries and enterprises here in America. 
 In the report of 1890, Postmaster General Wanamaker 
 said that an investment of one thousand dollars in 1858 
 in Western Union Stock should have received, up to that 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2IQ 
 
 time, stock dividends of more than fifty thousand dollars, 
 and cash dividends of more than one hundred thousand 
 dollars, or three hundred per cent each year. In England, 
 when private companies had charge of the telegraph lines, 
 a message cost sixty cents, and to-day, under national 
 control, twelve words can be sent for twelve cents. In 
 France and Belgium the government telegraph lines will 
 send a message of ten words for ten cents. The street 
 railways of Glasgow carry thirty per cent of the passen 
 gers for two cents, and yet it cleared four hundred thou 
 sand dollars in 1896. We cannot give these advantages 
 to the public under the management of private companies, 
 since w^e are compelled to pay in advanced rates large divi 
 dends on fictitious capital. 
 
 The street railway plant in Philadelphia cost thirty-six 
 million dollars, and it is capitalized at one hundred and 
 twenty millions. In Chicago the street railways cost thirty 
 millions and they pay dividends on ninety million. In St. 
 Louis the cost of the plant is ten millions, and it is cap 
 italized at ninety millions. It is not surprising that the 
 employes of that line went on a strike against the com 
 pany. 
 
 General Meyer, city attorney of Cleveland, Ohio, in 
 1892, showed that one thousand dollars invested in the gas 
 company of that city in 1850 would be worth twenty-four 
 thousand dollars at that time, with six per cent dividends 
 each year, or one hundred and forty-four per cent on the 
 original investment. The Metropolitan Telephone Com 
 pany in New York realized, in six years, the enormous 
 sum of two million, eight hundred thousand dollars on an 
 investment of six hundred thousand dollars. In 1885 it 
 cleared one hundred and sixteen per cent; in 1886, one 
 hundred and forty-seven per cent; in 1887, one hundred 
 and forty-five per cent. Elgin, Illinois, paid a private com 
 pany two hundred and forty-two dollars per annum for an 
 arc light till midnight ; and since 1890 the city owns and op 
 erates an electric plant, and now furnishes an arc light all 
 night for eighty-five dollars. With a municipal owner 
 ship of electric plant, Detroit has reduced the cost per arc 
 light from one hundred and thirty dollars to seventy-five 
 dollars ; Bangor, Maine, from one hundred and fifty dol- 
 
220 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 lars to fifty-three dollars; Lewiston, Maine, from one 
 hundred and eighty-two dollars to fifty-five dollars ; Pea- 
 body, Massachusetts, from one hundred and eighty-five 
 dollars to sixty-two dollars; Bay City, Michigan, from 
 one hundred and ten dollars to fifty-eight dollars ; Hunt- 
 ington, Indiana, from one hundred and forty^-six dollars 
 to fifty dollars ; Bloomington, Illinois, from one hundred 
 and eleven dollars to fifty-one dollars ; Jacksonville, Flor 
 ida, now pays, under municipal ownership, just three- 
 fourths what was paid under private ownership. 
 
 CHAPTER XXV. 
 
 The Presidential election occurred in "the autumn of 
 1860. The Protectionists embodied in their platform high 
 tariff and imperialism ; and the Liberals adopted the anti 
 trust and anti-imperialistic planks. The Social Demo 
 cratic Party advocated the government ownership of all 
 the means of production and distribution. The last party 
 attempted to form an alliance with the Socialist Labor 
 party, but the attempt was futile. The Union Reform 
 party advocated the coalescence of all political organiza 
 tions seeking to ameliorate the condition of the country, 
 justly supporting its claim to the adherence of those ani 
 mated with the pure spirit of reformation by appealing to 
 the fact that the Initiative and Referendum would give 
 every voter the opportunity of expressing his views on 
 each issue. 
 
 In the late election the Protectionists polled six mil 
 lion ; the Liberals, five million ; the Social Democrats, one 
 million ; the Single Tax party, two hundred thousand ; the 
 Union Reform party, three hundred thousand ; the Pro 
 hibitionists, one hundred thousand, and the Socialist La 
 bor party, seven hundred thousand, and the Nationalists, 
 one million, six hundred thousand. The last party had 
 been in existence for several years. They advocated the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 municipal ownership of public utilities, such as light, 
 water, and street railways, and the national ownership of 
 transportation, besides the adoption of direct legislation. 
 
 Many of the Socialists favored an alliance with the Na 
 tionalists, claiming that the advocates of the latter party 
 were moderate in all their demands, and would enlist the 
 support of a large class of voters who were opposed to 
 the radical measures adopted in the platform of the So 
 cialist party. "The farmers," wrote an exponent of the 
 fusionists, "will oppose Socialism, for they will not aban 
 don the rights of private ownership in land, and the farm 
 ers constitute a large percentage of the voters. Again, 
 the small merchants, and other men engaged hi private 
 industries with a small amount of capital, imagine that 
 Socialism means the annihilation of their means of sub 
 sistence. In a few years, the trusts will wipe out the small 
 business man, and then he will become a Socialist. The 
 Nationalist platform would immediately enlist in our 
 cause a majority of voters, and place the party in power. 
 Socialism will begin its reign by the municipal ownership 
 of public utilities, and then it will proceed to nationalize 
 the railroads. The trusts will come next, and, last of all, 
 the land. Why not, then, limit our demands to< those ques 1 - 
 tions which will meet with the approval of the country at 
 large? When the public see the advantages of Socialism 
 in these lines, every step forward will meet with their ap 
 proval. Socialism must come gradually, and it is- defer 
 ring its triumph to adopt measures in our platform which 
 cannot be realized for many years after its inauguration." 
 
 But all efforts to consolidate were useless. Politi 
 cians divided the forces of the reform parties, preferring 
 their personal interests to the common weal. The time 
 for fusion, they said, had not arrived, and each party, un 
 willing to make any advances, adopted an independent 
 platform. 
 
 The next evening after the election, Lord Aran and 
 Lord Uriah, who had come over to watch events, and 
 Judge Tischendorf, were entertained at the stately resi 
 dence of Ezichias Rosebergen. 
 "My Lord Aran," said the host, "we have conquered 
 
222 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 again ! Imperialism is now a settled question. It wiu 
 never come up again." 
 
 "Yes," replied the nobleman, "your prophecies have 
 been fulfilled. You have realized the dream of your am 
 bition, so far ; but the transition from imperialism to mon 
 archy is rather perilous." 
 
 "O tut! tut! nonsense, my Lord! nothing could be 
 more easy. The press will do it all. It has been faithful 
 to its obligations, and won the first victory in the founda 
 tion of an empire ; the second victory will be a recreation 
 instead of a struggle. Now, the next step in this matter 
 is to increase our army to two hundred thousand. Ne 
 cessity requires this to conquer the Heronites. We will 
 manage to bring home a hundred thousand about three 
 years from the next inauguration, and then we will pro 
 claim the eight-year term, and if there be any manifesta 
 tion of rebellion, we will crush the movement in its incip- 
 iency." 
 
 "That s it, crush it at once ! Don t let the hounds have 
 a word to say ! Slaughter them like sheep ! Tie them to 
 the lamp-posts and lash them with scorpion whips ! You 
 people in Toadia are entirely too subservient to the opin 
 ions of the canaille. Ah ! you would live a long time in 
 the empire of Dan before you would see a Danish lord 
 consulting the wishes of his minions." 
 
 "My Lord, we have been entirely too kind to our ser 
 vants," said Rosenberger. "I have always advocated 
 the subjection of the poor laboring people to bondage, 
 and it will come to that yet in this country. What right 
 have these illiterate boors to the use of the franchise?" 
 
 "Franchise?" exclaimed Aran. "I would franchise 
 their backs with rawhides ! The idea of a herd of swine 
 dictating to intelligent people by using the ballot ! Why, 
 it will not be long, if this privilege is tolerated, before you 
 will have a blacksmith for President." 
 
 "No danger of that, my Lord ! We will conquer their 
 ambition before the next election, and to-day eight years, 
 you and my son-in-law, Lord Uriah, will be invited to the 
 coronation of the first king of Toadia." 
 
 "That is capital !" remarked Lord Uriah. "How would 
 it do to -make me the first king?" 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 223 
 
 "That will come in a very short time after the coup-d - 
 etat, and either you, or Lord Aran, will be the King of 
 Toadia yet. And I will be Duke of Engeddi, and we will 
 find an earldom for Judge Tischendorf. Eh, Judge, how 
 does that strike you?" 
 
 "Nothing could please me better, and I have no doubt 
 of the accomplishment of your purposes," replied the 
 Judge. "Although the Social Democrats registered one 
 million votes at the election yesterday, and the Socialist 
 Labor party seven hundred thousand, I can safely assert 
 that their day is ended, and the members of those an 
 archistic organizations have cast their last ballot. The 
 days of campaigns are over in Toadia, and we will live to 
 see those turbulent bands of wretches chained to our door 
 posts and wearing the livery of slaves. We have suc 
 ceeded so well in our intrigues that the hopes of retrogres 
 sion are forever blasted. There is only one power in< the 
 Republic, and that is the money power, and before an 
 other lustrum, its potency will be unquestionable ; it will 
 be the only factor in the government of the land. Al 
 ready we buy the legislatures and the national Congress 
 and Senate. You see the yokels and clouts cannot dis 
 tinguish between virtue and vice, and they always cast 
 their votes for the men of the worst stripe, who are unable 
 to resist the fascination of gold." 
 
 While this conference was taking place in Engeddi, 
 there was a subject of a different nature being discussed 
 at the Gehtheimer mansion in Deboreh. Lord Jesse had. 
 disappeared from the city, and it was- ascertained that he 
 had sailed on the steamship Bethlehem from Lidda with 
 Mrs. Reisan. Benjamin Marx had called that evening on 
 Miss Lucile, whom he had been wooing for some time. 
 He was a bright, handsome young man from Sohonam, 
 and had succeeded in winning the heart of the fair maid. 
 He represented himself as the son of a wealthy gold 
 miner, and although he was in every way worthy of the 
 first family of Deboreh, yet Mrs. Gehtheimer strictly op 
 posed his attentions to her daughter, as long as the Dan 
 ish lord gave her hopes of a higher order. But now the 
 nobleman had proved recreant to his promises, and 
 seemed to be fascinated with the charms of Mrs. Reisan. 
 
224 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 That lady s husband had never returned, and it was* wide 
 ly rumored that he had abandoned his wife because of her 
 intimacy with the Danish aristocrat. It was generally 
 supposed that he had clandestinely secured a divorce, and 
 liberated his spouse from her nuptial vows. Before his 
 departure he had left papers bequeathing her his prop 
 erty in Deboreh, including a factory, houses, real estate, 
 bank and street railway stocks, amounting to more than 
 five millions of dollars. Although the extent of his prop 
 erty was not known, it was generally presumed that since 
 he had made such large bequests to his wife, that he had 
 millions in other investments. 
 
 "Do you think Lord Jesse intends to marry Mrs. 
 Reisan?" asked Benjamin Marx to Mrs. Gehtheimer. 
 
 "It is not necessary to marry her, as it is known to the 
 people of this city that they have been married for several 
 years, and as her husband was not an ardent advocate of 
 polygamy, he simply resigned his rights to Lord Jesse." 
 
 "Where do you think they have gone?" 
 
 "Oh, I presume they are located in Dan, or perhaps on 
 the continent of New Israel." 
 
 "I always esteemed Lord Jesse very high. In my 
 mind, he was the pink of perfection." 
 
 "Well, Mr. Marx, I thought so once, but I have dis 
 covered since that he is a character of the vilest type." 
 
 "Why, you astonish me ! I cannot comprehend your 
 words. What has wrought this marvelous change in your 
 estimation of the Danish nobleman?" 
 
 "There are stains on his life that would make the 
 angels weep on their jasper thrones !" cried she. "The 
 blood of the Savior, adored by the Christians, if He be the 
 Son of the Most High, could not purify the crimsoned 
 soul of Lord Jesse." 
 
 "You do not intend to say that this accomplished gen 
 tleman has tarnished his character with the effusion of 
 human blood ?" exclaimed the young man. 
 
 "Do you not know, Mr. Marx, that a web of mystery 
 
 was woven around that man s career ? He came among 
 
 us a stranger, and the more I studied his character the 
 
 more I felt convinced that some revelation of a startling 
 
 nature would be made." 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 225 
 
 "Have you any information bearing on the subject?" 
 
 "I know enough to put Lord Jesse behind the prison 
 bars. He made confidants of our family, and I do not 
 wish to betray him ; but when I learned these things, I dis 
 carded his friendship, and in his fears he left the country 
 with that scarlet wretch." 
 
 "This is certainly news to me ! I never dreamed that 
 Lord Jesse was suspected of the slightest misdemeanor. 
 What was the nature of the crime he committed, and 
 where did he commit it?" 
 
 "I will answer those questions some time, perhaps, 
 but not to-night." 
 
 Here the conversation ended, as Miss Lucille entered 
 the drawing-room. 
 
 Moses Gilhooley and Abraham McGillicuddy and his 
 father had gone down to Einstein s to spend a few hours. 
 The two elderly gentlemen had taken great interest in the 
 election ; and they had come to Deboreh to congratulate 
 Abraham on the growth of Socialism, as manifested in the 
 large number of votes polled, and to encourage him in the 
 work of reformation. 
 
 "Mr. Einstein, have you heard from your daughter 
 since she left for Jonas ?" inquired Moses Gilhooley. 
 
 "I received a letter from her last week. She had just 
 arrived and was very well. She gave quite an interesting 
 account of her voyage and her first impression of Jonas 
 and the Jonites. They are certainly a noble race of peo 
 ple, and they are gallantly fighting against the mightiest 
 power on the globe." 
 
 "How large is Jonas ?" 
 
 "The entire population does not exceed four hundred 
 thousand, and the army is about forty thousand." 
 
 "And yet they are engaged in war with a nation of 
 two hundred and fifty millions, including her colonies ; 
 and as she has taxed the resources of all her dominions, 
 we can truthfully state that Jonas is fighting the Danish 
 Empire. How long will Miss Biddy remain in Jonas 1 ?" 
 
 "Till the war is over, if that be a period of twenty 
 years. We are in sympathy with the young Republic, and 
 we did not oppose her intention of going with the hospital 
 corps, as it would divert her mind, which has been under 
 
226 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 an awful strain since the tragic death of poor Isaac. Be 
 sides, Biddy had, from her earliest years, a penchant for 
 charitable work, and this is an opportunity to exercise 
 her native proclivities." 
 
 "She is a noble girl. When I first saw her, I remarked 
 to Louise that Isaac had shown that he was a man of ex 
 cellent merit when he had won the heart of such a maiden. 
 May God bless her young life, and may she become the 
 Judith of New Israel, and may she meet with some man 
 who is worthy of her love." 
 
 "That will be impossible, Mr. Gilhooley. There are, 
 in the world, many men worthy of Biddy, but the door of 
 her heart is closed to the wiles of Cupid. Her affections 
 are buried in Meron Cemetery, and moulder w r ith the 
 bones of Isaac Gilhooley." 
 
 The old man wept when reference was made to the 
 grave of his son, and the tears trickled down the face of 
 Mr. Einstein when he saw the venerable figure bow his 
 head in sorrow. 
 
 CHAPTER XXVI. 
 
 - "Mr. Marx, have you read the latest issue of The 
 Flaming Sword ?" 
 
 "No, I have not, Mr. Simon. Anything in it of a start 
 ling nature?" 
 
 "I cannot say that it contains any extraordinary 
 statements ; but you know that it always has something 
 new and spicy, and each number seems to be more fasci 
 nating than the one preceding. Here is a copy of the pa 
 per and you may look over its columns. I wish to call 
 your attention to the contribution on Socialism supported 
 by scriptural and Christian doctrine." 
 
 "I shall read that letter, Mr. Simon, for I am anx 
 ious to see what argument McGillicuddy presents from 
 the Bible to sustain the morality of Socialism," and un- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 227 
 
 folding the paper, Marx read the article under the follow 
 ing headlines : 
 
 The doctrine of God compared with the doctrine of 
 men. The Socialism of Israel and the wealth of the Gen 
 tiles. Let us choose between Jesus and Caesar. 
 
 There are many ministers of the Church, both ancient 
 and modern, who have lent the weight of their authority to 
 cause of humanity; but there are hosts of divines who 
 worship at the altar of Mammon, and daily prostitute their 
 genius and are willing to sacrifice their lives to maintain 
 the pretentious of the strong and the mighty against the 
 cry of the poor and the oppressed. 
 
 Rev. Aaron Nicholson, in his sermon last Sunday, 
 stated that Socialism was immoral and iniquitous, and as 
 civilized and religious people we should exterminate this 
 unholy doctrine, and purify the land of the presence of 
 those who have filled it with the fires of revolution and the 
 germs of corruption. I wish to call the attention of the 
 public to the attitude assumed by Aaron Nicholson in 
 reference to the Single Tax many years ago, when he ut 
 tered the same opinion through the columns of the Meron 
 Ledger, as he expressed in his recent sermon. Isaac Gil- 
 hooley was then a student at the University of Meron, and 
 the public know how the young athlete exposed the pre 
 tentious preacher in the field of intellectual gymnastics. 
 Mr. Nicholson proved to the whole world that he was a 
 mental pygmy, and the veriest tyro in the school of po 
 litical economy. He made several vain attempts to shield 
 himself from the shafts of logic clothed in caustic irony, 
 but Gilhooley followed the philosopher of the Island City 
 through all his protean transformations. 
 
 I recall those sallies of humor poured forth on the 
 head of the clerical bumpkin. "The wiseacre from the 
 Ammonitic waves has donned the hues of the chameleon. 
 The end has come, the end that never had a beginning. 
 My opponent has fled in disgrace from the bloody arena, 
 and now he pleads like a whimpering babe for the palm of 
 victory. I should have had profound respect for his char 
 acter had he acknowledged, with the humility of our an 
 cient sire, Lord, I was afraid, because I was naked, and 
 hid myself/ " A man endowed with ideas of common 
 
228 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 decency would not hazard his reputation for learning by 
 expressing his views on a question of which he has not 
 the slightest knowledge. If ignorance be the object of 
 Rabbi Nicholson s ambition, he could never graduate 
 more honorably than at the present time. 
 
 We love the grand old church of the patriarchs, an in 
 stitution that has seen the rise and fall of every empire in 
 the world, an institution that traces its origin back to the 
 days when the Pharaohs ruled on the shores of the Nile, 
 when Assyria was queen of the Orient, when Nineveh 
 and Babylon adorned the streams of Paradise. I love that 
 grand old empire, for it was the cree.d of my maternal an 
 cestors. Its teachings have been transmitted through all 
 the centuries, and penetrated every region of the earth. 
 As we learned from the histories brought to this country 
 by the passengers of the Rochelle, the sons of Judah have 
 controlled the finance and commerce of all Christian na 
 tions, and we, on this side of the Black Ocean, have estab 
 lished a score of mighty empires which have surpassed 
 every power in either the old or new world, in ancient or 
 modern times. 
 
 I also love the Church of the Messiah, for my paternal 
 ancestors were rocked in the cradle of Christianity, and 
 lived in the shadow of the altar. I have read the history 
 of that church, and I have been enchanted with the glory 
 of her triumphs. Hail, glorious Church! Thy conquests 
 are written in every city and town, every village and ham 
 let, from the Gulf of Bothnia to the shores of the Bospho- 
 rus. Thy achievements are displayed in the ruins of pa 
 gan shrines and the transformation of heathen temples. 
 Thy history is inscribed on the rocks of the Pyrenees, on 
 the crags of the Apennines, on the summit of the Balkans, 
 on the peaks of the Alps, on the stones of Venice and the 
 hills of Rome, on the walls of Genoa and the gates of 
 Florence. Hail, glorious Church! Thy victories are 
 manifested in the Museums of London and Edinburgh, 
 Paris and Munich, Brussels and Vienna; in the universi 
 ties of Freiburg and Innsbruck, Siena and Perugia, Ox 
 ford and Cambridge; in the galleries, schools and libra 
 ries of Italy and Spain, France and Germany, Holland 
 and Belgium. Hail, glorious Church! The triumphs of 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 22Q 
 
 thy march are seen on the shores of the Rhine and the 
 Seine, the Reuss and the Rhone, the Elbe and the Dan 
 ube; and the story of thy splendor is sung by the rippling 
 waves of the Vistula and the Volga, the Oder and the 
 Meuse, the Tagus and the Elro. Hail, glorious Church ! 
 The shadow of thy glory rests on all the lakes and on all 
 the bays, on all the mountains and on all the vales, on all 
 the forests and on all the moors of Christian Europe. 
 
 The hills of Israel were consecrated by the voice of 
 God, and hallowed by the footsteps of angels. I love to 
 wander in fancy s glorious flight along the valley of the 
 Jordan, amidst the vineyards of Engeddi, and over the 
 plains of Jericho. I love to visit the city that fell into a 
 heap of ruins at the magic sound of the trumpet. I love to 
 linger amid the olive groves of Palestine, and pluck the 
 wild thyme from the banks that guarded her limpid 
 streams. I love to listen to the doleful music of the Dead 
 Sea, where Jehovah burned the iniquities of a degenerate 
 people, and rescued Lot and his family from the flames of 
 His wrath. I love to kiss the tombs of the patriarchs, and 
 venerate the ashes of the prophets. I love to behold Sha 
 ron rejoicing in her wealth of golden grain and watch the 
 herds grazing on her verdant slopes. 
 
 In my ardent admiration for Israelism, the religion of 
 prophesies and promises, and Christianity, the realization 
 of all the dreams of the ancient seers, whose glories re 
 spond to the sighs of the good and great men of every 
 age, since the bridal pair were banished from the shady 
 groves and babbling brooks of Eden; in my admiration 
 for the faith of Jew and Gentile, I will not permit the reve 
 lations of the Most High, treasured up in Church and 
 Synagogue, to be distorted and perverted by an ignorant 
 clergyman. 
 
 Nicholson is a blind man leading the blind. He as 
 persed the snowy brow of justice, and his blasphemous 
 utterances have defiled the temple of sanctity. Although 
 the Ancient Testament does not denounce wealth as an 
 essential evil, it everywhere speaks against its possession 
 as an obstacle to the growth of holiness. The wisest king 
 that ever ruled in the Promised Land says, "How long will 
 fools covet those things which are hurtful to themselves. 
 
230 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 He that trusteth in his riches shall fail." Prov. i., II. "A 
 covetous man shall not be satisfied with money." Eccls. 
 v. "The eye of the covetous man is insatiable in his por 
 tions of iniquity." Eccli. xiv. "He that seeketh to be en 
 riched, turneth away his eye." Ibid, xxvii. "For the in 
 iquity of his coveteousness I was angry." Isa. Ixix. "I 
 spoke to thee in thy prosperity, and thou saidst I will not 
 hear." Jerem. xxii. These are a few illustrations taken 
 from the writings of Israel s great prophets who stood on 
 the lofty summit of vision and beheld the throne of love 
 and justice where the angels of God dwell together as the 
 brothers of the same household. 
 
 Why did the teachers of the chosen people warn them 
 against the perils of wealth? Because the amassment of 
 wealth corrupts the seat of affection, begets avarice, ban 
 ishes charity from the human heart and dethrones God 
 from the empire of the human soul. Place a person in the 
 school of pugilism and he will develop his muscular power 
 that he may excel in fistic encounters. Place him with 
 the roving Scythians, and he will become an archer. Make 
 eloquence the standard of great souls, and every man will 
 study the art of swaying the thoughts and opinions of the 
 multitudes by the charms of rhetoric and the grace of 
 speech. So if you make money or wealth the key to 
 power, we will strive to possess treasures of gold. 
 
 This ambition produces another direful effect. As 
 wealth becomes the magic wand of power in the world, 
 poverty becomes a mark of reproach. Men shrink from 
 poverty for two reasons. First it is the cause of sorrow 
 and agonies that tax the endurance of the strongest char 
 acter. Hence they fear it and endeavor to avoid its pres 
 ence by the employment of every means. If they are not 
 endowed with deep religious sentiments, they will trample 
 on the moral law in their attempt to flee from the shadow 
 of want and hunger. This is why our land is filled with 
 dishonesty. This is why our jails have been built, and our 
 scaffolds have been erected. This has introduced the 
 haunts of vice into our cities, where the maiden blush of 
 purity is sacrificed on the altar of lust. Would these fair 
 yOung damsels sell their virtue to the roues of this shame 
 less and licentious age, were they not driven by the pangs 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 231 
 
 of hunger to seek refuge in the temple of Venus? The 
 matrons of our land complain of the marital infidelity of 
 their husbands. If they would use their influence in the 
 economic reformation of the country, no brothels would 
 tarnish the purity of our great cities, and the homes of our 
 people would be crowned with domestic bliss, and the 
 firesides of the family would be consecrated by the love of 
 husband and wife, and the devotion of sons and daughters. 
 You never can reform the morals of an age, until you de 
 scend to the root of the evil, and eradicate the cause that 
 has wrecked millions of lives, and disintegrated thousands 
 of families. 
 
 When men have succeeded in accumulating a com 
 petency, they feel their independence, and realize the in 
 fluence they wield in society. They at once entertain the 
 dream of dominating the classes by the charm of their 
 possessions, and onward they march in pursuit of the god 
 dess of fortune, through all the avenues of life, trampling 
 every noble impulse of human nature under their feet 
 when it cries out against their injustice, silencing the 
 voice of conscience, closing their ears to the wails of 
 widows and orphans created by their relentless march of 
 iniquity from the altar of God to the throne of Mammon. 
 
 The Crucified King relentlessly scores the accumula 
 tion of wealth as a source of evil. For where thy treasure 
 is, there is thy heart, also. No man can serve two masters, 
 for he will either hate the one and love the other, or he will 
 hold to the one and despise the other." Math, vi., 21. But 
 the disciples of the Nazarene reply to this passage by 
 stating that it is only the inordinate desire for wealth that 
 is condemned by the Founder of Christianity. I answer 
 the assertion by saying that there is always an inordinate 
 desire of wealth, when its possessor revels in luxury while 
 millions of willing workers are starving for bread. If you 
 loved God, you could not devote your life to the acquisi 
 tion of wealth. You would expend the energies of mind 
 and body in the elevation of humanity. You would be 
 found in the cabin and the shanty, administering to those 
 who are victimized by our social maladjustments. 
 
 Again Jesus said to his disciples: Amen, I say to 
 you that a rich man shall hardly enter into the kingdom 
 
232 BEYOHD THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 of heaven/ And again, I say to you: It is easier for a 
 camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich 
 man to enter into the kingdom of heaven. Math, xix., 23. 
 These quotations are sufficient to prove that Christ con 
 demned riches as the source of all evil. Yet His disciples 
 to-day claim that it is the foundation of all blessings. You 
 may steal, rob and murder; you may malign your neigh 
 bor and asperse the virgin brow of innocence; but if you 
 have money, your iniquities are covered with the laurel 
 wreath. The primitive Church of Christianity, inspired by 
 the example of the Man of Sorrows, trampled on the al 
 lurements of wealth, and everywhere proclaimed the gos 
 pel of love and equality. The Roman senator and the 
 Roman soldier, the Roman matron and the Roman noble, 
 when once purified in the flood of regeneration, and dress 
 ed in the white robe of baptismal innocence, distributed 
 their goods to feed the poor and to cover the naked. 
 
 " Take heed and beware of all covetousness, says 
 Christ, for a man s life doth not consist in the abundance 
 of things which he possesseth. Luke xii., 15. For they 
 who would become rich fall into temptation, and into the 
 snare of the devil and into many unprofitable and hurtful 
 desires, which draw men into destruction and perdition. 
 Tim. vi., 10. And yet men will expose themselves to these 
 terrible temptations, these awful crimes, and the Church 
 sanctions their actions. The lover of wealth rides through 
 the blood of the millions to the temple of Mammon. The 
 young man in the Gospel had kept the commandments 
 from his youth, and yet Jesus says that there is another 
 condition for salvation. He must distribute his goods to 
 the poor. 
 
 The early Fathers of Christianity taught Socialism as 
 the doctrine of their Founder, and the primitive Church 
 was a communism. The saints of old had no private 
 property. All is common with us, except women, says 
 Tertullain. We carry on us all we possess, and share 
 everything with the poor, writes Justin. The soil was 
 given to the rich and the poor, says Ambrose. 
 Wherefore, O ye rich! do you unjustly claim it for your 
 selves alone? Nature gave all things in common for the 
 use of all. Usurpation created private right. Behold, 
 
BEROND THE BLACK OCEAN. 233 
 
 says St. John Chrysostom, the idea we have of the rich 
 and covetous: they are truly as robbers who, standing in 
 the public highway, despoil the passerby; they convert 
 their chambers into caverns in which they bury the goods 
 of others. It is no great thing, writes St. Gregory the 
 Great, not to rob others of their belongings, and in vain 
 do they think themselves innocent who appropriate to 
 their own use those things which God gave in common. 
 By not giving to others that which they themselves re 
 ceived, they become homicides and murderers, inasmuch 
 as keeping for themselves those things which would have 
 alleviated the sufferings of the poor, we may say that they 
 every day cause the death of as many persons as they 
 might have fed and did not. When, therefore, we offer 
 the means of living to the indigent, we do not give them 
 anything of ours, but that which of right belongs to them. 
 It is less a work of mercy we perform than the payment of 
 a debt/ 
 
 " Unhappy ones that you are, says St. Basil, address 
 ing the rich. What answer will you make to the great 
 Judge? You cover with tapestry the bareness of your 
 walls, and do not clothe the nakedness of men. You adorn 
 your steeds with rich and costly trappings, and despise 
 your brother who is in rags. You allow the corn in your 
 granaries to rot, or be eaten up by vermin, and you deign 
 not to cast a glance on those who have no bread. You 
 hoard your wealth, and deign not to look on those who 
 are worn and oppressed by necessity. You will say to me : 
 What wrong do I commit if I hoard that which is mine? 
 And I ask you, Which are the things which you think 
 belong to you? From whom did you receive them? You 
 act like a man, who, being in a theater and having seized 
 upon the place that others might have taken, seeks to 
 prevent every one else from entering, applying to his own 
 use that which should be for the use of all. And thus it is 
 with the rich, who, having been the first to obtain posses 
 sion of those things which should be common to all, ap 
 propriate them to themselves, and retain them in their 
 possession; for if each one took only that which is neces 
 sary for his subsistence, and gave the rest to the indigent, 
 there would be neither rich nor poor/ 
 
234 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 St. John Chrysostom said to the wealthy and luxurious 
 people of Antioch and Constantinople: You received 
 your fortunes by inheritance; so be it. Therefore you 
 have not sinned personally, but how know you that you 
 may not be enjoying the fruits of theft and crimes com 
 mitted before you. This renowned saint and scholar 
 could not conceive the idea that vast fortunes could be 
 amassed without fraud or robbery, and his views were 
 perfectly correct. Wealth is the result of toil. An article 
 belongs to me in virtue of the fact that it is a creation of 
 my labor. There is no other basis of property. Now, if 
 a man emerges in one generation from a state of mendi 
 cancy to the exalted rank of a money king, owning mil 
 lions of dollars, he has certainly appropriated the earnings 
 of other people. 
 
 It was this conception of justice, this idea of eco 
 nomics, that all wealth is the result of labor expending its 
 energies on natural resources and developing the hidden 
 treasures of the earth, that inspired the utterances of the 
 prophets of the Ancient Testament, and the warnings of 
 Christ in the New Law. It was this knowledge that actu 
 ated the early Fathers in their denunciations of wealth. 
 The Fathers did not condemn wealth in itself, but they 
 knew, as St. John Chrysostom has said, that vast wealth 
 could only be accumulated by fraud and monopoly and 
 usury, and hence they condemned that which came not 
 honesty into existence. 
 
 Jacob Nehias began the struggle of life without a dol 
 lar, and he possessed two hundred millions when he died. 
 Had he earned four dollars per day, it would have taken 
 him fifty million days, or one hundred and sixty thousand 
 years to accumulate that fortune. If Adam, the father of 
 the human race, beginning life six thousand years ago, 
 had continued on earth through all ages, and had saved 
 thirty thousand dollars every year, he would have to live 
 six hundred years more before his wealth would equal the 
 sum left by Jacob Nehias. Rossheim s annual income is 
 thirty million dollars, equal to the sum paid to all the 
 crowned heads of New Israel. Did these men honestly 
 accumulate these fortunes? No, they stole them. 
 
 They say to me, said Chrysostom, will thou never 
 
KEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 235 
 
 cease from speaking ill of the rich? Still more anathemas 
 against the rich! And I answer, Still your hardness 
 against the poor/ The wealthy men of those days, like 
 the millionaires of our own age, replied to these strictures 
 of the golden-tongued orator from the shores of the Bos- 
 phorus, The poor deserve their lot. They are idlers who 
 do not even wish to work; noxious parasites, whom it 
 would be better to do away with. Some of them are simply 
 beggars who speculate on people s kindness of heart. No, 
 God does not love the poor, for if He loved them He 
 would remedy their misery/ To these animadversions, 
 the excellent prelate replied: You say that the poor do 
 not work, but do you work yourselves? Do you not en 
 joy in idleness the goods you have unjustly inherited? Do 
 you not exhaust others with labor, while you enjoy, in 
 indolence, the fruit of their misery? 
 
 St. Jerome says that opulence is always the result of 
 theft, if not committed by the actual possessor, then by 
 his predecessors. 
 
 "Thus taught nearly all of the Fathers of the early cen 
 turies, and the great Church of Jesus Christ, in the purest 
 ages of its existence, was a socialistic government. Aaron 
 Nicholson has exposed his stupidity by speaking on a 
 question of which he is totally ignorant, but on which he 
 should be informed, for it is a question of ecclesiastical 
 history." 
 
 Some people say that wealth is the incentive to exer 
 tion; but history contradicts this opinion. It was not 
 wealth that inspired Leonidas and his three hundred Spar 
 tan heroes to sacrifice their lives in the Pass of Thermo 
 pylae. It was not wealth that nerved the heart of Miltiades 
 to hurl back the Persian hosts from the plains of Mara 
 thon. It was not wealth that animated the Gallic legions 
 at Tours to mow down the swarthy sons of the desert, and 
 encircle the sword of Martel with a halo of glory. The 
 sword of the Castilian deep-dyed the fertile plains of Anda 
 lusia with the blood of the Moor, tore down the Crescent 
 from the heights of Granada, and erected the Cross on the 
 towers of the Alhambra. But it was not gold that in 
 spired the conquering heroes. Rhodes shall live in the 
 memory of all generations for the magnanimity of the 
 
236 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 valiant Knights who repulsed the Ottoman hosts, and the 
 name of Hunniades is eternally interwoven with the tri 
 umph of Belgrade. But the heroism of the Christian sol 
 diers was not inspired by the promise of wealth. 
 
 It was not wealth that encouraged the patriotic peas 
 ants to meet and crush the Austrian legions in the moun 
 tain passes of Switzerland, and raise the flag of freedom 
 above the snow-capped summits of the Alps. It was not 
 wealth that consecrated Busceneth with the blood of Wal 
 lace and hallowed Bannockburn with the victory of Bruce, 
 who drove the invader back beyond the Cheviot Hills. It 
 was not wealth that inspired the Saxon earls to meet the 
 tyrant at Runnymead and extort from him the Magna 
 Charta, the foundation of English liberty.. It was not 
 wealth that created the Maid of Orleans, who went forth 
 on her white charger, waving the banner of France, to 
 defeat the leopards on the Loire, and place the diadem on 
 the royal brow. It was not wealth that inspired Demos 
 thenes, who electrified the statesmen of Greece with his 
 oratory. It was not wealth that created Petrarch and 
 Tasso, Milton and Shakspeare. It was not wealth that in 
 spired the brush of Raphael and the chisel of Angelo. 
 
 Let us appeal to the noblest passion of the heart to 
 stimulate the human race to great and glorious feats. Let 
 us appeal to love and philanthropy. Love was infused 
 into the human soul with the breath of God, and it has 
 created every oasis in the wilderness of life. It created the 
 martyrs of the Coliseum and glorified the catacombs with 
 incense and song and sacrifice. It filled the desert with 
 the sighs and tears and prayers and praise of the anchor 
 ites. It brought hosts of youthful souls to the somber 
 shades of the monastery, and buried hope and beauty in 
 the solitude of the convent. It created an asylum amidst 
 the horrors of the Alpine snows. It blessed the world 
 with the angel of charity, who moved among the dead 
 and dying on the battlefield, stanched the wounds of the 
 fallen hero, and consoled his last moments with words of 
 hope in the reality of a kingdom beyond the empire of the 
 glittering stars. It sent missionaries over oceans and 
 continents to bring the glad tidings of salvation to the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 237 
 
 wildest haunts of men, and enfold benighted nations in 
 the arms of God. 
 
 The ambitions of men are as diverse as their charac 
 ters. Solomon prayed for wisdom, and considered it the 
 greatest blessings that man could enjoy. Caesar would 
 have sacrificed all the wealth in the world to be the first 
 man in Rome. Demosthenes devoted his life to the study 
 of oratory that he might win laurels in the councils of 
 Grecian statesmen. Alexander wept when he heard of 
 Philip s victory, saying, "My father will conquer the world 
 and leave nothing for me to accomplish." Peter of Rus 
 sia toiled as an artisan in the factories of Holland to ac 
 quire knowledge that might advance the interests of his 
 people. Alfred the Great lived in poverty and obscurity 
 many years, that he might finally come forth from his re 
 treat and liberate his country from foreign bondage. 
 
 The greatest men in the world have braved poverty, 
 that they might leave the legacy of genius to rising gener 
 ations. Xylander Tasso, Ariosto, Bentivoglio, Du Ryer 
 Vaugelas, Racine, Boileau, Dryden, Purchas, Marquis of 
 Worcester, Rushworth, Rymer, Simon Ockley, Edmund 
 Spenser, Cervantes, Camoens, Castel, Milton and Gold 
 smith, were men who felt the pangs of poverty. Money 
 did not create Marco Polo, Galileo, Newton, Gutenberg, 
 Homer, Virgil, Dante and Petrarch. But the capitalist 
 says that these were merely a handful, and I reply that 
 this handful have made the brightest page in the history 
 of the world. 
 
 CHAPTER XXVII. 
 
 "I see that The Flaming Sword contains an account 
 of Moses Gilhooley s book," remarked Mr. Einstein to 
 Abraham McGillicuddy. 
 
 "Yes," replied the editor. "He promised the report to 
 The Standard, but when he became aware of the fact 
 that his son had been connected with The Flaming Sword 
 
238 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 he requested The Standard to release him from his obli 
 gation, which was courteously conceded." 
 
 "Have you a copy of the journal with you?" asked Mr. 
 Einstein. 
 
 "Yes, but have you not read the account?" 
 
 "No, I merely saw it mentioned this morning in the 
 Herald that this week s issue of The Sword contained 
 the long expected information of the trial of Moses Gil- 
 hooley for heresy and treason before the Kurush Sanhe 
 drim." 
 
 "Well, here is a copy of the paper. Take your time 
 and read every line of the trial. It is a fit exemplification 
 of oriental despotism and barbarism." 
 
 Mr. Einstein bowed courteously and began to read 
 the article, which was given a prominent place on the first 
 page, and prefaced with glaring headlines. 
 
 "Gilhooley in the Lion s Den. Men must not think 
 under the penalty of scorpion s whips in this world, 
 and eternal reprobation in the next. The Confederate 
 chief finds a race of people who furnish the missing link 
 between man and the ape. The Kurushan is half wolf, half 
 bear, half man and half alligator, and the four halves make 
 a respectable cross between a chimpanzee and a gibbon, a 
 first cousin of the gorilla and a step-uncle of the baboon. 
 
 "It was the feast of the transmigration," wrote Gil 
 hooley, "commemorating their departure from Babylo 
 nian captivity, that the seventy elders assembled in the 
 hall of judgment, to hear the evidence in the case of the 
 rebellious foreigner who had dared to publish his thoughts 
 without the permission of the official censor of the empire. 
 I was brought from the dark dungeon, where I had lan 
 guished for several weeks, and taken before the venerable 
 body distinguished for their long beards, flowing robes 
 and empty heads. 
 
 "The first charge was read by the secretary. One 
 Moses Gilhooley from the land of Toadia hath invaded 
 our country, and hath presumed to ignore our sacred tra 
 ditions and doctrines, by promulgating independent ideas 
 which are not found in any of our learned books; and the 
 said Gilhooley rashly undertook to publish these ideas 
 without the consent of the elders or the King or the cen- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACE OCEAN 239 
 
 sor/ The chief of the Elders said: Venerable brethren, 
 this is an offense which deserves one year in solitary con 
 finement/ We agree with you, Most Holy Chief. The 
 second charge was read: The said Gilhooley predicted 
 the end of the world, and has vainly attempted to sub 
 stantiate his opinion by quotations from Christian writers. 
 How dare you express such thoughts when you should 
 have known that the Sanhedrim has long ago decided that 
 the empire of Kurush shall be eternal? For this offense 
 you shall be led by a halter through the market square on 
 the Sabbath day, when the multitude shall be assembled 
 to behold your humiliation. What is the next charge? 
 We find in his book the statement that Christianity reign 
 ed amidst the altars of Judaism, as if Judaism had any 
 altars. We regard this as the recognition of the divinity 
 of the Jewish religion. Do you not know, said the Chief, 
 that all divine blessings were withdrawn from Judah, and 
 given to Israel at the time of the separation of the two 
 kingdoms? God accepts the sacrifice of no other people 
 but the Hebrew nation. 
 
 " But in that expression I simply employed a figure of 
 rhetoric, I said in my justification. Yes, and for your 
 impertinence we shall imprint a few figures on your naked 
 back with the sting of the whip. Figures of rhetoric, in 
 deed! Who authorized you to employ figures? The next 
 charge? He claims that the kingdom of God is not yet 
 perfect in its organization. Here I interposed to explain 
 my meaning, but was immediately silenced by the Chief, 
 who added another year to my punishment, and his breth 
 ren all exclaimed, Amen. The next charge? said the 
 Chief. He said that the most erudite Scriptural scholars 
 of the first ages of Christianity believed in the ultimate 
 restoration of God s supremacy in the human heart. One 
 year in solitary confinement. 
 
 He claims that there are many forms of religion, 
 and, therefore, indirectly denies the exclusive right of the 
 Hebrew faith to the allegiance of all mankind. I do not 
 intend to admit the divine origin of sectarian denomina 
 tions, I said, but merely spoke of them as heretical scions 
 of the true Church. 
 
 We cannot accept your apology, Mr. Gilhooley/ 
 
240 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 said the Chief. You shall get two years imprisonment for 
 your temerity/ And the Elders confirmed the sentence 
 by saying, Amen! 
 
 " He has taught that there should be no union be 
 tween Church and State. One year s imprisonment/ 
 Amen, said the Elders. Next charge? 
 
 " In times past there were vices among the Rabbis and 
 the faithful, and many abuses were permitted by the Syna 
 gogue, resulting in a large measure from the union of ec 
 clesiastical and secular power/ Two years imprison 
 ment/ Amen/ said the Elders. Next charge? said the 
 Chief. 
 
 " He has quoted the works of Luke Halheim, the 
 Simeonitic atheist, who says that the rebellion of the Is- 
 raelitic sects against the Hebrew faith called the attention 
 of the Elders to the depraved condition of morality, and 
 thus the ancient creed was purified and renovated/ It is 
 impossible to purify the work of God which is essentially 
 perfect. One year on bread and water/ Amen! ex 
 claimed the court. Next charge? said the Chief. 
 
 " In distant centuries, when education was limited and 
 ignorance and superstition were prevalent, many Hebrew 
 writers were intolerant/ Five years in the chain-gang! 
 Amen ! Read on ! said the Chief. 
 
 " People educated in the national creed and unac 
 quainted with other denominations, think that there is no 
 salvation beyond the pale of the Synagogue/ 
 
 I presume, then, Mr. Gilhooley/ said the Chief, 
 that if these people were familiar with the sects, they 
 would see that salvation is not confined to the adherents 
 of that venerable institution hallowed by the visions of the 
 prophets? 
 
 No, Rabbi, that is not my meaning. I merely in 
 tended to assert that God will pardon the crime of those in 
 a state of invincible ignorance, and when the children of 
 the divine creed comprehend the possibility of honest er 
 ror, they are willing to admit the sincerity of dissentients, 
 and do not persecute them for wilful malice or perversity/ 
 
 " The heretic cannot plead invincible ignorance in 
 palliation of his crimes, for God gives His light to all. But 
 the children of wrath close their eyes to the divine efful- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 241 
 
 gence, and they must be whipped into submission; and by 
 means of the lash we shall convince you of the ways of 
 truth and justice. One hundred stripes with the knout/ 
 Amen! Read on/ said the Chief. 
 
 " Intolerance has been practiced in every part of the 
 world; but we must not condemn religion for the crimes 
 of its adherents. God never taught persecution. Bigotry 
 is the child of ignorance, and when the nations are more 
 enlightened, all people will dwell together in love and har 
 mony. Holy Moses! cried the Elders, do you hear that 
 blasphemy? Can God and Satan inhabit the same land? 
 It was no wonder our army was defeated at Killuk by the 
 Karmites, for God wished to punish us for harboring a son 
 of Belial in our realm. What sayst thou, O most holy and 
 renowned Chief? 
 
 " Five years more in the chain-gang, with a monthly 
 administration of the knout, not exceeding forty lashes 
 each time/ 
 
 Hail glorious Chief! Thou art the defender of our 
 ancient creed, consecrated by the breath of ages, hallowed 
 by the reverence of one hundred generations. 
 
 Read the next charge, said the High Priest. 
 
 The synagogue consists of a human and divine ele 
 ment/ 
 
 "Hearest thou the blasphemy, thou spawn of hell! 
 thou Christian dog! thou viper who has poisoned the at 
 mosphere of Kurush with thy iniquities? What sayest 
 thou to this charge? 
 
 "I replied that I accepted the divine institution of re 
 ligion, but God had chosen men as His ministers, and in 
 that respect the synagogue has a human character/ 
 
 Thou infamous wretch! God lives in the syna 
 gogue, and the Holy of Holies is sanctified by the shadow 
 of the Most High, and guarded by the wings of angels. For 
 .this offense you shall be sent for five years to the frozen 
 streams of Rebia, where your naked back shall be kept 
 warm by the scourge of the warden. Next charge/ 
 
 " The Israelitic denominations have begotten some of 
 the brightest minds in history/ 
 
 " Five years of penal servitude. Next charge/ 
 
242 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 Israelism and Hebrewism have vied with each other 
 in every department of lore/ 
 
 " Israelism is the school of demoniacal erudition. Five 
 years more in the chain-gang. Next charge. 
 
 The Bible should not be taught in the national 
 schools. 
 
 Five years more in the chain-gang. Next charge. 
 
 The king should not interfere with ecclesiastical ap 
 pointments, and the laity should be allowed to elect their 
 Rabbis. 
 
 : Five years more in the chain-gang/ 
 
 Hebrewism is the oldest form of religion/ 
 
 " It is the only form of religion, said the Chief. One 
 year more for that offense, and to that sentence the Elders 
 said, Amen! 
 
 " Next charge? asked the Chief. 
 
 " The Rabbis should be less avaricious, less luxurious, 
 and more zealous for the salvation of souls/ 
 
 : O ye holy prophets! exclaimed the Chief. Ye an 
 gels of God, who look down from your starry thrones 
 upon the children of men, why do ye not show your dis 
 pleasure with this reprobate by cutting off the hand that 
 penned that blasphemy! Why do ye not pour out the 
 wrath of heaven on this guilty soul, as the fire of ven 
 geance once consumed the iniquities of Sodom and Go 
 morrah! How long, O Lord, how long shall our patience 
 be abused! Thou hast called us to the sanctuary, and 
 Holy of Holies, Thou hast chosen us, the sons of Levi, 
 among all the tribes of Israel, and all the nations of the 
 earth. Thou didst come down from heaven to give us 
 orders how to make sacerdotal robes, and the sacred ves 
 sels. Thou ever watchest over us during the light of day 
 and the silent somber depths of the night; Thy angels 
 ever cast the shadow of their wings upon us, and the glory 
 of Thy countenance ever beams upon our way, and leads 
 us into the path of truth and justice. Our words are 
 formed by Thy holy inspiration, and our acts are ordained 
 by the fiats of heaven. Hear, O God, the blasphemer who 
 comes from a foreign land to inveigh against our sanctity 
 and our authority. Wilt Thou not wave the sword of 
 vengeance against his guilty head? Wilt Thou, O Lord, 
 
SEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 243 
 
 not show Thy power by opening the earth and swallow 
 ing this wretch down to hell as Thou didst punish Core, 
 Dathan and Abiron? If Thou wilt not, then it is a sign 
 that Thou leavest Thy judgment to the venerable Elders 
 of the Sanhedrim. Gilhooley shall be tied to the portals 
 of the synagogue from sunrise to sunset on the following 
 Sabbath, and the crime shall be published from every 
 housetop, and every faithful child of Abraham shall be re 
 quested to use the lash on the culprit, according to the 
 measure of his deserts? Next charge? 
 
 " He has criticized the morality of all nations, and 
 made no exception of the people of Kurush. 
 
 One year more in the chain-gang. Next charge? 
 
 " He has advocated Socialism. 
 : Ten years more in the chain-gang. Next charge? 
 
 " He has expressed his belief in the doctrine of evolu 
 tion. 
 
 " Evolution? My God! kill the wretch! exclaimed 
 the Elders. No, said the Chief, give him a slow death 
 in the penal colony. Ten years more in the chain-gang. 
 Next charge? 
 
 That is all, most holy Chief! 
 
 " Is that all? Well, that is enough to damn a regi 
 ment of soldiers. Read the sentence to the council. The 
 secretary said: Most exalted Ruler of the Hebrew faith, 
 and sublime and holy Chief of the Synagogue, I find that 
 the verdict passed by your Highness, with the consent of 
 the Sanhedrim, and the authority of the Royal Monarch, 
 is sixty-five years of penal servitude, besides various 
 scourgings at various times and places. 
 
 "Then the Chief arose and addressed the council. 
 Venerable brethren, as this obscure wretch will not live 
 sixty-five years, we will make his sentence a life term in 
 the chain-gang, and give the warden strict orders to 
 scourge him well and frequently. The Elders cried 
 Amen! 
 
 The trial being completed, I was taken back to the 
 dreary dungeon, and the next day was chained to a fellow 
 convict, and started on my pilgrimage to the penal 
 colony." 
 
244 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 CHAPTER XXVIII. 
 
 On the 20th of April, 1862, "The Flaming Sword" 
 contained a lengthy discussion on the principles of free 
 dom in the government of nations. 
 
 Man is endowed with will, memory and understand 
 ing. This triple power renders him akin to the divine 
 spark, and adorns him with the blessed gift of immortal 
 ity. Animate nature is governed by immutable laws, in 
 virtue of which the globes* roll on in their orbits age after 
 age, and there is not one discordant movement in "the 
 eternal dances of the skies." Irrational creation is ruled 
 by instinct, which enables the thoughtless beast to pro 
 vide for his necessities and prolong his existence. But 
 man is master of his actions, and can choose between good 
 and evil. God promulgated his revelations and gave man 
 the power of accepting or rejecting his laws, with the 
 promise of eternal bliss or everlasting woe. 
 
 In the savage state man obeyed the laws of nature, and 
 his actions were not trammeled by positive enactments. 
 Everybody was his own defender. In organized society, 
 the individual relinquishes some of his rights for the ac 
 quisition of others. The government affords him protec 
 tion, and in compensation for this benefit, the individual 
 gives his allegiance and support to the government. 
 
 That is the best form of government which gives its 
 members the greatest liberty and the greatest security. 
 Since society is an aggregation of individuals, it follows 
 that government cannot have any power not possessed 
 collectively by its members. Therefore the authority of 
 law comes from the will of the people. A despotism is a 
 form of government, in which the ruler acquires his power 
 from conquest, inheritance or some other way than 
 through the will of the people governed. A republican 
 form of government is one in which the people make laws 
 through their representatives. A Socialistic form of gov- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 24$ 
 
 ernment is one in which the people make their laws di 
 rectly. 
 
 It is only when the people suffer from the loss of their 
 rights that they rebel against the usurper and demand 
 legislative amelioration. In the history of the world we 
 have many examples of tyranny, and the people, goaded 
 to desperation by oppressive measures, have wielded the 
 power which nature gave them, and driven the despot 
 from his throne. But it was not long before the new sov 
 ereign, feeling the independence of his position, followed 
 the example of the dethroned monarch, and became a 
 despot of the deepest dye. Then, after centuries of mis 
 rule, the people endeavored to correct the evils by chang 
 ing the system, and thus was instituted the representative 
 government. Our fathers threw off the Danish yoke, and 
 erected the temple of republican freedom, and enthroned 
 the goddess of liberty. They thought they had achieved 
 the grandest victory in the history of the world. But time 
 has revealed the vanity of their dreams. 
 
 We have not emancipated ourselves from the power of 
 despotism, but have simply asserted the right to choose 
 our masters. If our ruler is unjust, we can dethrone him 
 at the expiration of his term, and elect another in his stead, 
 who is independent the moment we clothe him with legis 
 lative authority. We have the right to elect the members 
 of Congress, but the State Legislature reserves the power 
 of electing the members of the national Senate. The peo 
 ple are supposed to be too ignorant to cast their votes in 
 the election of those who fill the Upper House, but at the 
 same time their intelligence is supposed to be sufficient 
 to reveal their deficiency. 
 
 Again, the voters do not elect the President, but 
 merely the electoral college. But the majority of electors 
 does not represent the majority of voters, and we have 
 several cases in the history of Toadia where those polling 
 a much larger popular vote were defeated in the electoral 
 vote. The fathers of the Republic never dreamed of giv 
 ing complete control of the nation to the people. The 
 foundation of our government was a compromise between 
 the growing sentiment of freedom, which created the 
 revolution, and the monarchical idea of New Israel, whose 
 
246 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 authority and institutions we had disowned. Political 
 parties in the empire of Toadia was the development on 
 the part of the people to have direct control of national 
 as well as state legislation. Each party framed a plat 
 form, and by voting for that party the people thought 
 that they were emphasizing their voice on the measures 
 adopted in that platform. The history of this country has 
 clearly proved that we cannot rely on the fidelity of the 
 promises made by the party in its campaign for national 
 supremacy in governmental affairs. 
 
 I will offer a few illustrations of political infidelity and 
 prostitution. The Congress of 1848 was elected on the 
 issue of restoring the coinage of silver according to the 
 basis existing previously to the year 1834; and instead of 
 keeping its vow, it enacted the Blondmeyer Bill, providing 
 for a more extensive circulation of the white metal. The 
 Congress of 1852 was elected on the promise of remone- 
 tization of silver, and it refused to discharge its obliga 
 tions to the public, and passed the Simon Compromise 
 Bill. The Congress of 1854 was elected on the issue of the 
 unlimited coinage of silver, and when once it was in power 
 it was bribed by the money kings and repealed the only 
 clause that favored the wishes of the people. This same 
 Congress was elected on the platform declaring tariff a 
 robbery, and pledging its service to demolish the wall of 
 protection which had been created to despoil the many 
 for the aggrandizement of the few, and as soon as the ses 
 sion opened the members sent for the representatives of 
 the largest manufacturing establishments in Toadia, and 
 asked them how much protection they wanted. 
 
 What is the cause of the failure to secure kgislation 
 in harmony with the platform upon which the members of 
 Congress are elected, when it is in the power of that Con 
 gress to grant the relief promised in the convention and 
 the campaign ? The cause is easily sought. When a mem 
 ber of Congress is elected, his constituency has no fur 
 ther power over his actions in public affairs. The agents 
 of the railroads, the manufacturers, and other vast cor 
 porations, are deputed to take their place in the lobby of 
 the national capitol, and secure the passage of laws that 
 will advance their interests. What is a million of dollars 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 247 
 
 to a gigantic enterprise that realizes an annual profit of 
 a hundred million ? Yet this million is a potent agency in 
 the halls of Congress. The emissary approaches the pub 
 lic functionary and offers him ten thousand dollars for his 
 vote. The official will look at the money and the possi 
 bility of re-election, and he will thus soliloquize : "I may 
 be elected, even if I take this bribe, and I may not be 
 elected if I refuse ; but in any case one bird in the hand is 
 worth two in the bush ;" and thus he sacrifices the inter 
 ests of his constituency on the altar of Mammon. 
 
 The best way to make a man honest is to remove temp 
 tation from his path. If there were no one to offer the 
 bribe, there would be no one to accept it, and when the 
 nation has direct control of legislation, it will be impossi 
 ble to bribe the voters, for their number is so great that 
 no corporation could afford to buy them; and, besides, 
 each one is looking for his individual interest, and will 
 not sell his vote unless he can get as much for it as the 
 advantages that would accrue to him from the passage 
 of the law which he advocates. Again, with our secret 
 ballot, the voter can take the bribe, and yet be at freedom 
 when the question is submitted to the public. Some one 
 may say, in answer to this statement, that no honorable 
 man would refuse to vote according to the will of the 
 person who had purchased his vote. I reply to this ob 
 servation that no honorable man would sell his vote, and, 
 when we are dealing with dishonorable men, we must 
 judge of their actions in certain cases, not according to 
 the standard of moral rectitude, but we must presume 
 that they will disregard the dictates of conscience, and 
 frame their conduct in harmony with their personal in 
 terests. 
 
 In an infant nation, or in a country of limited dimen 
 sions and a small population, the interests of the people 
 do not involve great and diverse problems ; and the voters 
 usually find their opinions embodied in the platform of 
 one of the political parties. When there is only one ques 
 tion, each party will either espouse the affirmative or neg 
 ative side of this question; and the people can express 
 their opinion by voting for the party which defends their 
 views, and if the representatives are faithful in the dis- 
 
248 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 charge of their obligations, there will be no difficulty. We 
 will presume, for the sake of illustration, that the Liberals 
 declare in favor of free trade, and the Protectionists for 
 high tariff. At the polls the voters, in favor of free trade, 
 would vote for the party which advocates free trade ; and 
 those in favor of tariff would vote for the party advocating 
 tariff. The party elected would signify the passage of 
 the law advocated in the platform. 
 
 In a highly developed state, and in a nation of vast 
 magnitude in the number of its people, and the extent of 
 its dominions, the diversity of interests will call for the de 
 cision of many questions, and a complication of interests 
 will arise. Let us presume that there are four measures 
 presented to the public A, B, C and D. Party number 
 one advocates all these measures and Party number two 
 opposes all of these. Voter number one advocates all 
 these measures and he can express his opinion by voting 
 for Party number one. Voter number two antagonizes all 
 these measures, and he can voice his views by voting for 
 Party number two. Voter number three favors the first 
 proposition, and opposes the other three. He cannot ex 
 press his opinion at the polls, for he must vote for three 
 measures which he does not espouse, to secure the one he 
 advocates. Voter number four favors the first two prop 
 ositions and opposes the last two. Thus it is easily seen 
 that the voters can not always express their opinion on 
 all the questions embodied in the platform of the party. 
 
 Moreover, a little reflection will readily convince the in 
 telligent reader that a measure may often become a law 
 against the will of the majority. We will suppose that 
 Party number one stands for free trade, free silver and 
 prohibition, and Party number two for the gold stand 
 ard, protective tariff and high license. A, B and C favors 
 free silver ; B, C and D favor free trade ; D, C and A favor 
 prohibition ; D alune favors gold standard and A alone 
 favors protective tariff; B alone favors license. A votes 
 Tor Party number two, because he regards protection a 
 necessity for the development of most of our industries, 
 and he is willing to sacrifice free silver and prohibition to 
 accomplish this. B votes for Party number two, because 
 he regards high license the remedy for drunkenness, and 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 249 
 
 he is willing to sacrifice free trade and free silver for this 
 purpose; D will vote for Party number two, because he 
 believes the gold standard is the only safe financial basis, 
 and he will relinquish all other questions for this. Party 
 number one will be defeated by a vote of three to one, 
 though each question embodied in its platform was fa 
 vored by three-fourths of all the voters. 
 
 The representative system does not provide for a gov 
 ernment by the people, and the delegation of power to a 
 few legislators is the source of political corruption-; and 
 thus the interests of the people are sacrificed for personal 
 advantages offered to their lawmakers. These evils are 
 avoided in a Socialistic government where people legislate 
 for themselves. Self-interest will inspire every man with 
 a sense of duty, and thus corruption will b,e entirely re 
 moved from the arena of politics. The people would have 
 an opportunity to vote directly on every question without 
 being hampered by party platforms and political affilia 
 tions. 
 
 But how can direct legislation by the people be accom 
 plished ? There need be no radical change in our legisla 
 tive system. The officials will be nominated and elected 
 as they are at present, with the single exception that every 
 candidate may enter the field without the sanction of party 
 conventions. But when officials are elected they are not 
 endowed with unlimited authority, but are subject to the 
 voice of the people by the employment of the Initiative 
 and Referendum. In some states of Toadia, and, also, in 
 other parts of the world, when the legislature fails to 
 enact the laws desired by a number of the people, the lat 
 ter can submit a petition signed by a certain percentage 
 of the voters, and the legislature is compelled, in virtue of 
 this demand, to pass the law desired. This is called the 
 Initiative, because the people take the initiative step in 
 legislation. But this enactment cannot have the force of 
 a law until it is submitted to the people at the general 
 election, and only becomes a law when adopted by the 
 majority of the qualified voters. 
 
 Under direct legislation, the legislature proceeds to 
 pass laws in conformity with the will of the people so far 
 as that can be ascertained. It may often happen that a 
 
250 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 measure is supposed to have the approval of the majority, 
 when it is desired by only a small minority. The law is 
 not immediately promulgated, but a period of about sixty 
 days is given to the people to protest against the enact 
 ment. During this period the enactment is published sev 
 eral times in all the daily and weekly papers, and the pro 
 visions are fully explained. In the meantime, a petition 
 signed by a certain percentage of the people, demanding 
 a popular vote on the question, is presented to the legisla 
 tive body; the law is at once suspended in its operations 
 until it is referred to the will of the voters at the next gen 
 eral election. If there is no petition presented within the 
 specified time, the law goes into effect. This is called the 
 Referendum, because the enactment is referred to the 
 judgment of the people at the polls. 
 
 Within the time elapsing between the election, several 
 questions may have been submitted to the legislature, and 
 these are written on a separate ballot, and the people vote 
 directly on these measures. The questions agitated by the 
 various political parties could be determined by popular 
 vote at the election of the candidates, and this would fa 
 cilitate legislative affairs. We will presume that the Lib 
 erals adopt free silver, free trade and anti-imperialism; 
 the Protectionists, the gold standard, high tariff and im 
 perialism ; the Single Tax party adopts the land tax, and 
 the Socialists advocate government ownership of trusts. 
 According to our present system, the gold standard ad 
 vocate might favor government ownership of the trusts, 
 but he must sacrifice the one to get the other, as each ques 
 tion is supported by a different party, and what is advo 
 cated by the Protectionists is repudiated by the Socialists. 
 I could give many other illustrations, but this is sufficient 
 for our purpose. Under direct legislation, the names of 
 the parties and their candidates would be written on one 
 ballot, and the measures contemplated by the various par 
 ties would be contained on a distinct ballot, and the voter 
 could write yes or no after each measure, or he could 
 make a cross after the measure which he advocates, and 
 the absence of this sign would indicate his repudiation of 
 the other measures. The ballot would be made in this 
 fashion : 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2$I 
 
 Do you vote for : 
 
 Free Silver ? X 
 
 Gold Standard? 
 
 Government ownership of trusts? 
 
 Single Tax ? X 
 
 Imperialism? 
 
 Anti-imperialism? X 
 
 High Tariff? 
 
 Free Trade? 
 
 Here are eight questions, and the cross indicates that the 
 voter advocates Free Silver, Single Tax and Anti-im 
 perialism, and consequently opposes all the other ques 
 tions on the ballot. The election being over, the candi 
 dates having the largest popular vote will hold the offices 
 to which they aspired, and the questions favored by the 
 majority of people at the polls will become laws imme 
 diately on the opening of the next session of the legisla 
 ture. The office of the legislators will merely consist in 
 flaming these laws, and passing others which may seem 
 of general interest to the commonwealth, but their power 
 shall be limited at all times by the Initiative and Refer 
 endum." 
 
 The question of direct legislation, as advanced by "The 
 Flaming Sword," seems to be the key for the solution of 
 political questions. This system, has long existed in Swit 
 zerland, and the results have been very successful. It has 
 also been introduced into some parts of France in spite 
 of the laws and constitution. The municipal law of 1884, 
 which gave a third of the citizens a right to demand an in 
 quest, was easily extended by the municipalities when 
 doubtful matters arose. The citizens of Paris have been 
 so consulted on two occasions : In 1892 on the meeting 
 with the gas company; in 1895 on the construction of the 
 Metropolitain. 
 
 In Belgium, Mr. Beernhaert has asked for the consti 
 tutional Referendum. In England, Sir William Harcourt 
 has demanded local option. In Italy a whole party has 
 adopted and works for the municipal Referendum ; to 
 some extent workingmen s organizations vote on strikes 
 and retaliation. This has been seen at Arras and Lens in 
 October, 1894; in Bordeaux in 1892, on the ei^ht-hour 
 
252 BEYOND THE BLACK OCFAN 
 
 question ; at Amiens, in the Borinage, in September, 1893, 
 and in the county of Durham, in England, during the 
 same period. 
 
 The Initiative and the Referendum have been adopted 
 in the State of South Dakota since February 27, 1899. 
 According to the provisions of that law a petition signed 
 by five per cent of the electors shall be accepted by the leg 
 islature, and that body shall be authorized to pass the 
 enactment contained in the petition, which shall be sub 
 mitted to the vote of the electors of the State at the next 
 general election. "If the majority of all the votes cast 
 both for and against the measure so enacted and submit 
 ted be for the measure, it shall become a law of the State 
 of South Dakota, and shall go into effect and be in force 
 immediately after the results shall have been determined 
 by the officers authorized by the law to determine the 
 same. Any law which the legislature may have enacted, 
 except laws which may be necessary for the immediate 
 preservation of the public peace, health and safety, sup 
 port to the state government and its existing institutions, 
 shall, upon the filing of a petition, as hereinafter provided, 
 be submitted to a vote of the electors of the State at the 
 next general election. Said petition shall be signed by 
 not less than five per cent of the qualified electors of the 
 State." 
 
 Direct legislation has been adopted by the State of 
 Oregon. Not more than eight per cent of the legal voters 
 is sufficient to force the passage of any measure by the 
 legislature, which is then submitted to the people at the 
 next general election. "Initiative petitions shall be filed 
 with the Secretary of the State not less than four months 
 before the election at which they are to be voted on." A 
 petition signed by five per cent of the voters may demand 
 the Referendum, which shall be filed with the Secretary 
 of State not more than ninety days after the adjournment 
 of the legislature which passed the said bill. 
 
 Direct legislation has been employed in the towns of 
 New England, and efforts have been made to introduce 
 the system into the States of Maryland, Pennsylvania, 
 Colorado, Missouri, Iowa, North Dakota, Michigan, Ok- 
 
BEYONK THE BLACK OCEAN 253 
 
 lahoma, California, Utah and some other States, and sev 
 eral cities. 
 
 CHAPTER XXIX. 
 
 "Good morning, Mr. Lohman. Come in and take a 
 seat." 
 
 "Thank you, Mac. I see you are smoking a fine ci 
 gar?" 
 
 "Yes, this is an Ammonite. Try one. It is not often 
 now that we get the pure stuff, since the Toadian govern 
 ment has plundered the island." 
 
 "That is true, Mac. The war against Reuben was a 
 humbug, waged for game, as you once wrote in The 
 Flaming Sword. " 
 
 "Gil and I always regarded the affair a political move 
 ment to advance the interests of a certain class, and I think 
 that time has proved the truth of our statement. What ad 
 vantages have the Ammonites derived from our rule? 
 They are daily robbed of their rights, and their liberties 
 are ignored. They were in a far better condition under 
 the Reubenic flag." 
 
 "I see that Mrs. Reisan has returned to Deboreh." 
 
 "Is that so? When did she return?" 
 
 "Last Thursday," said Lohman. 
 
 "And where is Reisan?" 
 
 "I don t know. He has never been seen since he left 
 Deboreh. People say that he got a divorce to let his wife 
 marry Jesse." 
 
 "Lohman, do you believe that Jesse married that 
 woman?" asked Abraham. 
 
 "Well, it was generally supposed that they would be 
 married when they left together; but since her return peo 
 ple have their peculiar views about the matter. It is my 
 honest conviction that Jesse is a scoundrel, and that he 
 deluded Mrs. Reisan with the promise of marriage in 
 order to rob her of her wealth." 
 
254 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 "Why, he seemed to be very wealthy," said McGilli- 
 cuddy. "I know that he spent money profusely." 
 
 "It is very true that he had money, and as you say, 
 spent it lavishly; but I think that he obtained it on the 
 strength of his title and his face," observed the shrewd 
 Lohman. "I think that he is a member of a ruined fam 
 ily, and he turned his head toward Toadia, where the smile 
 of a lord is worth millions. Before Mrs. Reisan left she 
 employed Mr. Rosenbaum as an agent to take charge of 
 her property, and since then she has sold several valuable 
 properties, which realized over eight hundred thousand 
 dollars, and perhaps she has drawn on her bank stock for 
 several hundred thousand more. Now you know that she 
 did not invest that money in Dan, where profits are not 
 more than one-third of what they are in this country. 
 
 "Besides, since her return, she has nothing but words 
 of abuse for Lord Jesse. There is something very strange 
 about her entire conduct. A few days ago she told Mrs. 
 Gehtheimer that Lord Jesse borrowed a large sum from 
 her, and then left for South Arabia to watch the move 
 ments of the war, and invest her money in the diamond 
 and gold fields of Jonas. He represented to her that in a 
 short time the stock would be one hundred per cent above 
 par. She complained that after Lord Jesse arrived in 
 Jonas she never heard from him again." 
 
 "That seems suspicious," said McGillicuddy. 
 
 "I learned from a friend. that Mrs. Gehtheimer and 
 Mrs. Reisan were consoling each other in heaping abuse 
 on the head of the Danish nobleman. I would judge from 
 what I know of the case that Jesse deceived both women. 
 He promised to marry Lucile Gehtheimer, and, also, Mrs. 
 Reisan, and his motive in both cases was to obtain pecu 
 niary assistance." 
 
 "In referring to Jonas," said Abraham, "you remind 
 me of the recent exploit of an adventurous spirit who has 
 invented an air-ship which he is using with dreadful re 
 sults on the Danish hosts." 
 
 "I saw some mention of the invention, but have no 
 definite idea of the nature of the machine, or how it is ap 
 plied to warfare." 
 
 "The daily papers are anxious to conceal the facts in 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2$5 
 
 the case, because it thwarts their ambition, to see the su 
 premacy of Danish power destroyed in Arabia. The 
 triumph of the Jonites signifies the burial of the Danish 
 empire; and our journals are controlled by the imperialists 
 in this country, and that is the reason that the tidings of 
 recent developments have ben so completely ignored. I 
 have the latest dispatches from the seat of war, and the 
 entire story will be published in this week s issue of The 
 Flaming Sword/ " 
 
 "How is the air-ship constructed, Mac?" 
 
 "The air-ship, or machine, I should say, as it is a small 
 piece of mechanism, suitable to convey perhaps ten or 
 twelve men, is propelled by electricity; and its motion is 
 controlled by wings attached to the machine. A dynamo 
 of powerful force, which draws its supply of electricity 
 from the air, on the same principle as the lightning rod 
 absorbs the electrical current, is placed in the interior of 
 the ship, and as rapidly as the electrical current is drawn 
 to the dynamo, there is an apparatus called the receiver, 
 by which this force is stored away in a receptacle, and 
 can afterward be used at the option of the conductor, by 
 means of a crank. When the crank is turned on, the elec 
 trical force gives motion to the ship. There is a lever 
 which directs the wings of the ship, and the conductor 
 can take any direction, either up or down, or toward any 
 point of the compass, according to the angle which he 
 gives to the wings of the machine. The ship travels about 
 two hundred miles an hour and is perfectly safe." 
 
 "Who is the inventor of this machine?" 
 
 "His name is Paddy Eisenheimer." 
 
 "Is he a native of South Arabia?" 
 
 "The dispatches do not make mention of his nation 
 ality, but some people think he is a Toadian. More than 
 one year ago an air-ship was seen passing through our 
 western States, and it was later observed in the north. 
 You remember, of course, the accounts given by the press 
 at the time?" 
 
 "Yes, I read the report, but it was regarded by most 
 readers as a canard. In fact, the papers ridiculed the idea, 
 calling it preposterous." 
 
 "But it seems that it must have been true, for a few 
 
256 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 weeks afterward it made its appearance in Asher, then in 
 Zabulon and several other places. I also remember that 
 a dispatch from South Arabia stated that this air-ship had 
 sailed over the Danish dominion and reconnoitered, as it 
 was presumed, the position of the Danish forces. This 
 was advanced to explain the fact that the Jonites antici 
 pated the movements of the invading army, and preserved 
 their hosts from annihilation by seeking refuge in the 
 fortified towns and in the mountain passes. The Danish 
 generals have made more than a dozen strategical efforts 
 to entrap the enemy, but in every case they have been 
 astonished to ascertain that their movements have been 
 rported to the Jonites, and their purposes were completely 
 foiled. And in each case, previously to the execution of 
 their plans, the Danites noticed the air-ship hovering over 
 their forts and camps." 
 
 "What new developments have ueen discovered in the 
 movements of the air-ship?" 
 
 "Eisenheimer has lately invented a bomb 01 dread 
 fully explosive power, which he carries with him in his 
 machine, and when over the enemy, he drops it on them, 
 and on striking the ground the concussion causes detona 
 tion." 
 
 "What is the nature of the bomb?" 
 
 "That is yet unknown, but it is far more disastrous in 
 its consequences than the Grecian Fire. The other day, 
 Eisenheimer sailed over Delcan, where five thousand sol 
 diers were encamped, and he dropped one bomb, which 
 killed every person and destroyed every building within 
 a radius of five hundred feet. There is also a poisonous 
 ingredient which pollutes the atmosphere perhaps within 
 a circumference of several miles, for those that were be 
 yond the immediate reach of the explosive power of the 
 bomb died in less than two hours from poison, and they 
 can only explain the mystery by attributing it to the dead 
 ly composition of the explosive." 
 
 "That will destroy the empire of Dan in South Ara 
 bia." 
 
 "It is more than probable that it will change the policy 
 of the nations of the earth, for with a ship armed with such 
 explosives, one power will have no advantage over an- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2$7 
 
 other, and the governments of the world will advocate 
 disarmament, and adopt an international court of arbitra 
 tion as the means of adjusting disputes instead of appeal 
 ing to the sword." 
 
 "I hope so, Mac. If this proves an ultimate success, 
 then the bloody chariot of Mars will never more disturb 
 the peace of nations and fill the world with the cry of 
 battle, and stain the valleys with the purple dye of human 
 gore. As soon as The Flaming Sword appears, I will 
 read the news which you promise. Good-morning, Mac." 
 
 "Good-morning, Lohman. Call again." 
 
 "Thank you I will." 
 
 CHAPTER XXX. 
 
 A few weeks later news reached Toadia that the flying 
 ship, loaded with demons of death and destruction, had 
 annihilated the Danish armies in South Arabia, demol 
 ished their navy and swept the wreck from the bosom of 
 the deep. The great statesman who had directed the policy 
 of the empire for a quarter of a century stood aghast at 
 the awful havoc that had been made within a few weeks. 
 That magnificent navy which had been the queen of the 
 ocean and the mistress of the deep for over a century; 
 that navy which had swept every sea and borne the na 
 tional emblem to every shore, and which every power 
 feared as the undisputed ruler of the waves; that navy, 
 crowned with a hundred glorious battles, was no more. 
 It had perished within a month, and the glory of the 
 Danish name and dominion had vanished from the sea, 
 and the foaming surge now swept over the wreck of their 
 steel-clad ships and chanted the requiem of the buried 
 fleets. 
 
 The army, too, which had won immortal honors on 
 many a field of carnage, and filled the capital of the nation 
 with trophies from every land, had been destroyed, and 
 the bones of heroes lay bleaching beneath the torrid sun 
 of South Arabia, and on the sultry plains of Media, and 
 amidst the mountains of Schylon and far away on the bor 
 ders of Ebbonia and by the rills and streams of Cushia. 
 
 No more shall the roar of the Lion echo among the 
 vine-clad hills of Jonas ! No more shall he paw the dust 
 
258 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 of the desert, or climb the rocks of the mountains, and 
 send a chill through the savage tribes of the Orient. His 
 day of supremacy is gone. His triumph is ended. His 
 reign has come to a close. Every colony ruled by the 
 Danish queen has shaken off the yoke, and the mighty 
 potentate of the earth weeps over the fall of her throne and 
 of her empire. Lord Aran had awakened from his dream. 
 The Eagles will not be chased from their eyry amidst the 
 mountain crags of Toadia, and Lord Uriah, the son-in- 
 law of Rosenberger, will not wear the diadem of the new 
 born empire beneath the stars of the west. Every colony 
 of that vast empire, that encircled the globe two months 
 ago, has declared its independence; and Ephraim, which 
 had suffered for three centuries from the most heartless 
 persecutions in the history of the world, has established a 
 .republic, and her ambassador will soon present his cre 
 dentials to the Secretary of State in the capital of Toadia. 
 The old world has been swept away, and new powers have 
 ben erected on the ruins that mark the path of the war 
 god. Man proposes, but God disposes. The capitalists of 
 Toadia never dreamed of this change in the history of the 
 nations. Already they were weaving the crown for the 
 royal head, and depending on the mailed hosts of the Dan 
 ish empire to assist them in crushing the people in their 
 march to royalty. 
 
 Abraham McGillicuddy was elated over the success of 
 the Jonites, and went to Mr. Einstein s to see his affianced, 
 and to have a talk with her father on the current events. 
 The family was also jubilant over recent developments in 
 South Arabia, and more than all, they had received a letter 
 from Biddy. Mr. Einstein read the letter to Abraham. The 
 young heroine related the story of their delivery, and the 
 liberation of the struggling Republic through the efforts 
 of Mr. Eisenheimer. The Danish sued for peace, and not 
 only vacated the city of Zapling, but promised to abandon 
 forever their purposes in South Arabia. 
 
 The jail in the capital was thrown open," wrote Miss 
 Einstein, "and the prisoners once more breathed the at 
 mosphere of freedom. Mr. Eisenheimer is the most re 
 markable man that has ever lived in the world s history. 
 He appeared here about a year ago, and made known his 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2$9 
 
 purpose to the people of this Republic, and his services 
 were accepted. The air-ship was of incalculable advan 
 tage to us in keeping the warriors informed as to the posi 
 tion of the enemy. But the inventive genius of Eisen- 
 heimer did not stop with the construction of the ship. He 
 conceived the idea of hurling explosives from his winged 
 vehicle on the heads of the invaders, and the world is now 
 familiar with the success of his enterprise. The war is 
 over. The hosts of the Danish empire have been anni 
 hilated, and their colors have been trailed in the dust. Ah ! 
 may it be a lesson to our native land. May the Eagles 
 never float over the citadels of other nations except in the 
 cause of freedom. May the Toadian legions be withdrawn 
 from Heron and Ammon. May war be banished from 
 every land, and all nations live in the bonds of brotherly 
 love. I will be home again in a few months. Good-by. 
 
 "Your loving Biddy." 
 
 "It will be a lesson to this nation," said Abraham, "and 
 a timely lesson. Had it not been for the reverses of the 
 Danish forces in this unjust aggression in the republic of 
 Jonas, I think we would have had some trouble in our 
 coming election." 
 
 While this conversation was taking place in the Ein 
 stein mansion, Mr. Nehlmeyer stepped in and announced 
 the fact that Lord Jesse and Elija Murphy had been ar 
 rested for the murder of Teddy. 
 
 "The murder of Teddy!" exclaimed Mr. Einstein, "Is 
 it possible? Where was Jesse arrested?" 
 
 "In Rubek," replied Mr. Nehlmeyer, "by an agent of 
 the Soloman Detective Agency. He has been shadowing 
 him since he left here with Mrs. Reisan, and after his de 
 parture, Mrs. Gehtheimer gave some hints that were fol 
 lowed up by the detectives." 
 
 "Murder cannot be concealed," said Mr. Einstein, 
 "and I knew that the day would come when the shadow 
 of suspicion would be lifted from the character of Isaac 
 Gilhooley, and the crime fastened on the guilty party." 
 
 "I made that prediction at the time," said Abraham. 
 
 In their anxiety to learn more of the details, the gentle 
 men left the house, and went down to the hotel, where 
 more than a thousand people had assembled to hear the 
 
260 EYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 news that had created the greatest sensation that Deboreh 
 had experienced in many years. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXI. 
 
 One evening in the early part of May, 1863, an audi 
 ence that represented the thinking element of Deboreh 
 assembled in the Music Hall, for it was known that Abra 
 ham McGillicuddy would deliver a lecture on the attitude 
 of the Church on the question of Socialism. The young 
 reformer was introduced, with a few appropriate remarks, 
 by the Mayor of the city, who had won the victory on the 
 Socialistic ticket at the last election. McGillicuddy at 
 once launched forth into his subject, and for nearly two 
 hours his matchless eloquence held the immense throng 
 in a trance. The following is a synopsis of his speech: 
 
 The Church is preaching a crusade against Socialism. 
 She claims that Socialism is identical with atheism, and I 
 am here to-night to disprove this accusation. Individual 
 ism is responsible for all the crimes falsely attributed to 
 Socialism. The Savior teaches that if you have two coats, 
 give one to your neighbor, and individualism hoards up 
 millions while the nation is clothed in rags and is dying 
 of hunger. Dives was an individualist and Lazarus was 
 a Socialist, and when the former died he went to a country 
 where he was never afflicted with frozen feet, and where 
 all the gold in the world would not purchase a drop of 
 water. Lazarus died and was borne by bands* of winged 
 seraphim to the bright elysian fields, where the glory of 
 Socialism fills every soul with light and every heart with 
 joy. 
 
 The Bible says love your neighbor as yourself, and in 
 dividualism says, kill your neighbor to glorify yourself. 
 Individualism engenders hatred. The Gospel teaches that 
 you should do unto others as you wish that others should 
 do unto you; and individualism says, do others before 
 they do you. The Church is very anxious about the sal- 
 
BEYOND THE ELACK OCEAN 26l 
 
 vation of the poor man, and she claims that the omy way 
 to save the poor man is to work him hard and feed him 
 little. 
 
 The Redeemer said that the great commandment of 
 the law is to "love God with thy whole heart, and the sec 
 ond is like unto the first, love thy neighbor as thyself. 
 Upon these two commandments depend the whole law 
 and the prophets." This was the object of the creation. 
 It was for this purpose that the Almighty studded the uni 
 verse with dazzling suns and flaming orbs, and glittering 
 stars, that intelligent beings placed in the universe of cre 
 ation, might arise in their contemplations from this pano 
 rama of glory to the throne of Omnipotence, where, in 
 flamed with the ethereal fires of love, they might pour out 
 their heart s affection on every form of rational life. It 
 was for this purpose that the footsteps of God echoed 
 through the groves of the terrestrial paradise, and the whis 
 pers of the Infinite filled the soul of primeval man with the 
 truth of the first revelation. It was for this purpose that 
 prophets were illuminated with the knowledge begotten in 
 the mind of Uncreated Wisdom, and beaming with the 
 light of the eternal court, and speaking with the voice of 
 inspiration, poured out their songs on the mountain peaks 
 of Israel. It was for this purpose that the vision of the 
 Messiah haunted the dreams of the ancient seers, and a 
 Virgin conceived and brought forth a Son to glorify the 
 world with deeds and words of love. It was for this pur 
 pose that the angels sang peace and good will to men on 
 earth, when the infant cry of Bethlehem s Babe announced 
 the fulfillment of the ancient promises. 
 
 The life of Christ from the cradle to the tomb was a 
 sermon on the law of love. If we follow Him in His 
 lonely walks along the shores of Genesareth, or among 
 the hills of Galilee, or in the throng that heard Him preach 
 His famous sermon on the mount, we see that every word 
 and every sigh, every look and every act, is prompted by 
 the sweet impulse of love. "He that hateth his brother is 
 a murderer," and when the shadows of death were gather 
 ing around Him on the summit of Calvary, when the 
 rabble reveled in His blood, when Barabbas was liberated 
 that the multitude might crucify the Nazarene, He raised 
 
262 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 His voice and cried from the depths of His heart, "Father, 
 forgive them, for they know not what they do." He es 
 tablished His Church, and sent it forth to conquer the 
 world by the law of love. 
 
 But individualism has been the enemy of religion. It 
 destroys love, creates castes, subverts liberty, establishes 
 despotism, and violates every commandment of God. The 
 Almighty proclaimed the unity of the divine essence on 
 the flame-lit mountain peak of Arabia, and told the chosen 
 race to abandon the idols of Egypt and the altar of Mo 
 loch, and the groves of Astarthe. We are taught by the 
 inspired voice of the Galilean to repose our confidence in 
 Divine Providence. We are warned not to think of what 
 we shall eat or drink, or wherewith shall we be clothed, 
 for after these things do the heathens seek. "Be not solici 
 tous for to-morrow, for to-morrow will be solicitous for 
 itself. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof." "Con 
 sider the ravens, for they sow not, neither have they store 
 house nor barns, and God feedeth them. How much are 
 you more valuable than they? Consider the lilies how 
 they grow. They labor not, neither do they spin. But I 
 say to you not even Solomon in all his glory was clothed 
 like one of these. Now if God clothe in this manner the 
 grass, how much more you, O ye of little faith?" God 
 has filled nature with potent energies, that respond to 
 man s labor and cover every hill with verdant robes, and 
 every field with golden grain, and yet millions are starv 
 ing, and walk the street in rags. Individualism is respon 
 sible for all these ills, and yet it pretends to worship at the 
 altar of God. 
 
 Individualism has destroyed the purposes of the Cre 
 ator, when He filled the world with abundance. If every 
 one would take what he needs and no more, there would 
 be plenty for all; but individualism claims that a few 
 should monopolize the wealth of the nation, and the 
 masses should live in poverty. Time is short and eternity 
 is long. The Creator suffers man to abuse His gifts, but 
 at the hour of death, He will hurl His anathemas against 
 those who have robbed the poor of their labor and dis 
 inherited the millions. 
 
 Ladies and gentlemen, there is a hell, and it was not 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 263 
 
 made for cats and dogs. The individualists tells the beg 
 gar that God wishes him to suffer. "He wishes some to 
 be poor and some to be rich, some to be masters and some 
 to be slaves. When God condemned riches, He merely 
 meant the bad use of riches. I make good use of my 
 wealth, for I support so many who would starve if I did 
 not employ them. As for Christ, He never possessed any 
 wealth, and He did not know the value of wealth." The 
 poor are losing their faith in God, for the Church, which 
 pretends to be the exponent of heaven s fiats, sanctions all 
 the wrongs that are inflicted on them. When ministers 
 look on and see the laborers robbed, and sanctify the rob 
 bery with scriptural quotations, are you surprised that 
 the laborer hates the minister and the religion that he 
 preaches? The beggar goes to Church on Sunday, and he 
 hears the preacher expatiating on the necessity of eternal 
 punishment, and he concludes that God could occupy His 
 time more profitably in settling the labor problem than in 
 making a hell. Hunger is hell enough for him. 
 
 The second commandment reads, "Thou shalt not take 
 the name of God in vain." You must ever praise the name 
 of Jehovah, who led the hosts of Israel from the flaming 
 sands of the Nile, across the wilderness to the Land of 
 Promise. The poor woman sits on your doorstep in the 
 cold, chilly blast of winter. She looks in through the win 
 dow and sees the blazing fire and happy children with 
 dimpled faces basking in a mother s smile. She thinks of 
 her lonely, dark, cold and cherless cabin. She thinks of 
 the little garret where her babes are starving and freezing, 
 and she begs the crumbs that fall from your table. She 
 asks you to feed and clothe her little ones, and you tell 
 her that God wishes her to suffer. All cannot be rich. Go 
 home to your miserable hut and thank the Almighty that 
 you are living. 
 
 Go with me into the slums of this great city, enter into 
 those desolate abodes, and you hear the sobs of grief and 
 the sighs of anguish, the overflowing of sorrow-stricken 
 hearts, the wailing of forlorn souls. It is more pitiful than 
 the lamentations of Jeremiah over the dispersion of Israel 
 and the desecration of her temple. There you find a whole 
 family living in one room. Enter that miserable habita- 
 
264 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 tion, and what do you see? By the dim light of the flicker 
 ing flame that seems to weep over the sorrow of that 
 home, and mingle its tears with the tears of its lonely in 
 mates; by the glimmering of the waning fire you behold a 
 pallid-faced woman and several little children. Upon the 
 brow of the mother is the furrow of care, and her silvery 
 tresses would indicate that she is far advanced down the 
 valley of years. But you learn that she is a woman of. less 
 than two score summers; yet the hand of sorrow has 
 hastened the sun of her existence, and the shadow of age 
 reaches out to the borders of the mystic land. This is the 
 fruit of individualism, the fruit of robbery and injustice; 
 and when the desolate mother hears the Church sanction 
 this crime, and tell her that her poverty is decreed by 
 heaven, that others may live in parlors and revel in luxu 
 ries, she will curse the ordinances of the Most High, and 
 blaspheme the Holy One of Israel. 
 
 "When the Son of Man cometh, shall He find, think 
 ye, faith upon the earth?" Not unless we change the in 
 dustrial system which contradicts every word of God, 
 which blights every flower of love, paralyses every noble 
 impulse of the human heart, fills every soul with selfish 
 ness, pride and vanity, and is blotting out God s name 
 from the fair brow of creation, and turning the earth into a 
 school of atheism. The Church preaches that there will 
 be no castes in heaven; all will be alike there; yet there 
 must be castes here. She is opposed to equality on earth, 
 though admitting that it will be one of the joys of heaven. 
 It seems to me that it would be prudent to practice equali 
 ty here, so as to get used to it. It will be an awkward 
 thing to fall into the brotherhood of heaven without any 
 previous experience. 
 
 I wish to read a few extracts from a sermon delivered 
 in Kidron the other day by Mr. Isaac Mahony, and which 
 was published in the Chronicle of that city. The Reverend 
 divine spoke on the disparities between the classes, and 
 attributes it all to the will of God. (i) "We see a great 
 many wicked men enjoying prosperity," says the minister, 
 "and a large number of the just are poor, and we are sur 
 prised at the differences. But all this is done for the best. 
 God gives wealth to the wicked to awaken their gratitude." 
 
 \ 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 265 
 
 Why not give it to the poor to awaken their gratitude? 
 It would follow from this statement that God is kind to 
 His enemies and unkind to His servants ; and we should 
 join the rebellious legions, if we wish to bask in the smile 
 of divine love. If God wishes to excite the gratitude of 
 the wicked by large donations, He has made a mistake in 
 the character of the people with whom He is dealing, for 
 experiences prove that ninety per cent of the wealthy class 
 abandon the Church and forget the Creator. 
 
 (2) "By giving riches to the wicked, God keeps them 
 from cursing and blaspheming, and thus He masters them 
 as we would subject wild animals, by feeding them." The 
 just should therefore go on a strike, and refuse to obey the 
 Almighty till He fills their coffers with gold. 
 
 (3) "The wicked will go to hell, and therefore God 
 wishes to give them some enjoyment in this life." So if 
 you decide to migrate to a warm climate after death, the 
 smiles of fortune will cast a flood of light upon your earth 
 ly career. 
 
 (4) "God thus punishes the avarice of the wicked, for 
 wealth will be their ruin." Then every one who supports 
 individualism must be seeking destruction, for individu 
 alism is the deification of wealth. 
 
 (5) "God allows one wicked man to grow rich at the 
 expense of another, who has accumulated his wealth by 
 dishonest methods; and thus by divine providence the lat 
 ter is punished." Yes, but what about the former? What 
 about the person from whom the latter steals? Does God 
 wish to punish the poor and just by allowing thieves to 
 plunder them? 
 
 (6) "God bestows wealth on the wicked to teach the 
 just that wealth is evil, otherwise it would not be given to 
 rascals." If wealth is an evil and given to the wicked for 
 their destruction, why does the Church array herself on 
 the side of capitalism? Why does she defend the rights of 
 the millionaire robber to enjoy the fruits of other men s 
 labor? 
 
 (7) "Some good men become rich, for God wishes to 
 give them a foretaste of heaven. He does not bestow 
 wealth on all good people, as vast fortunes would be inju 
 rious" to the vulgar herd. They might possibly change 
 
266 BEYOND TEE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 their minds about the glory of heaven and prefer the tor 
 tures of hell. 
 
 (8) "God wishes the wealthy people to give charity. 
 The wealthy are therefore the agents of God in doing 
 good." But it would be better to give to the poor directlv 
 for then they would be likely to get it. 
 
 But we are not yet through with this remarkable ser 
 mon. Here is the finishing touch. Just listen to this, la 
 dies and gentlemen! (9) "God gives wealth to some just 
 men, to show that He can reconcile two things which seem 
 next to incompatible, namely riches and Christian virtue." 
 Therefore, we are to look upon God as a trickster who 
 performs marvelous feats to show his dexterity. We might 
 represent Him as speaking to the race of men. "You have 
 all tried to do this and you have made a lamentable failure; 
 now just watch me do it!" 
 
 The third commandment requires that we should keep 
 holy the Sabbath day. But a man who works ten or 
 twelve hours every day in the week, and perhaps till late 
 on Friday night, does not feel disposed to assist at ser 
 vices on the Sabbath day, but he will stay at home and 
 rest. A large number of our people are compelled to 
 work on the Sabbath day. A large number have not suffi 
 cient clothing to appear in public; and on account of their 
 poverty are neglected by the minister and often treated 
 with disrespect by the congregation; and in the sermon, 
 they are told to obey their masters, and not strive for 
 higher things. 
 
 The fourth commandment, as interpreted by the 
 Church, says that we must not only honor, love and obey 
 our parents, but also our pastors and teachers, magistrates 
 and masters. Shall the poor love the ministers who are 
 living on them, and yet never do anything to alleviate their 
 sad condition, who are even on the side of the strong 
 against the weak, on the side of capital against labor? 
 Honor corrupt officials who are fattening at the public 
 crib! Obey Moses McKinley, Martin Hannon and their 
 band of butchers! 
 
 The fifth commandment forbids killing, quarreling 
 and anger. In ancient times, and among barbarous na 
 tions of recent centuries, old people, who were superan- 
 
 \ 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 267 
 
 nuated, deformed infants and the decrepit, were sacrificed 
 to the blade of the executioner. And I say that those cruel 
 methods were more humane than the slow and torturous 
 death that we inflict on the poor. Individualism is killing 
 millions every year. Go down into the coal mines of Dan, 
 and you behold little children working sixteen hours a day 
 under the stroke of the lash. Go into the factories and 
 sweat-shops of Toadia, and you behold the arena where 
 the angel of death has pitched his tent, and the brow of 
 every toiler is marked with the brand of the sable tyrant. 
 The victims of our industrial system are far more numer 
 ous than the victims of Mars. I go back in fancy s flight 
 to the remotest ages of authentic history, and I weigh all 
 the pangs of grief that have been inflicted by the sword of 
 the conqueror or the despotism of the monarch. I accu 
 mulate all the agonies that have bowed down human souls. 
 I take the bleeding heart of Israel when she wandered 
 over the bleak wastes of Egypt to the shores of the Red 
 Sea, pursued by the standing army of the kingdom. I see 
 the children of Abraham on the sandy desert of Arabia, 
 weeping because they had not been massacred in the land 
 of bondage. I hear them crying for bread to feed their 
 hunger and asking for water to slake their thirst while 
 marching in the wilderness. I see them without a home, 
 resting under the purple sheen of heaven, pitching their 
 tents beneath the smiling stars. I look at God s chosen 
 people when they were slaughtered by the giants of the 
 north, and torn to pieces by the war-dogs of the south. I 
 hear the cry of the innocents that fell beneath the shining 
 blade of Herod, and I gaze on the heaving bosoms of 
 mothers, pouring out their sighs over the cruel massacre 
 of their cooing babes. I behold the city of Zion surround 
 ed by the Roman legions, and the prophecy of Christ ac 
 complished in the destruction of the temple, the pride and 
 hope and glory of the nation, and the chosen people dis 
 persed and driven from the homes of their sires. I hear 
 the wail of Judah echoing through the centuries, calling 
 upon Jehovah to deliver her from the weeds of mourning 
 and restore her altar, sacrifice and priesthood. I hear the 
 voice of Ephraim s sons pleading for the rights of their 
 country. I hear the mothers of Bagdad : begging for the 
 
268 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 lives of their children. I see the march of Benheim 
 through the land which was a smiling meadow before him 
 and a desolate waste behind his mailed hosts. I hear the 
 last groan of the nation in the trenches of Shared and 
 among the mountains of Pyrek. I summon up all the 
 victories of Ozias. I behold the conqueror of nations at 
 Diol and Goren, at Neaz and Zilhauster. I gaze upon 
 him in his march over the sands of Sohan, and the glory 
 of his triumph in the battle of the swamps. I see his dis 
 aster at Simvoal, and his magnificent army perishing 
 amidst the snows of Kurush, and the end of his unparal 
 leled career in the defeat of Loterwaren. I see him in his 
 solitary exile, upon a rock amidst the dashing billows of 
 the Abrahamic Sea. I summon up all the sorrows and 
 miseries, all the grief and agony endured by the human 
 race; and I count all the victims of death resulting from 
 these preventable causes, and I say that our industrial 
 system has killed more people, has crushed more hopes, 
 has bled more hearts, and blighted more lives, than any 
 other cause in the history of the world; and in the past fifty 
 years it has been more potent for evil than all other causes 
 combined within the same period of time. 
 
 Individualism is responsible for all the wars that were 
 ever waged. In this I mean that every war has been the 
 result of aggression on the part of powerful nations to 
 steal the wealth of weaker nations, and the territory thus 
 acquired, and the wealth accumulated by such methods, 
 have not been enjoyed by the masses of the victorious na 
 tions, but by a few individuals who planned and executed 
 the bloody work. Wars of defense are justifiable, and the 
 people who fight for the liberty of their country are not 
 instigated by a spirit of avarice, or by any other sordid 
 motive, but they are inflamed by the loftiest inspirations 
 that ever animated a human soul. Wars of defense would 
 be impossible were there no wars of aggression, and the 
 latter being the child of individualism, we are justified in 
 stating that individualism is responsible for every drop of 
 blood that has ever crimsoned a battlefield, for all the 
 lives that have been extinguished by the shining sword, 
 the smoking gun and the deadly cannon. 
 
 \ 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 269 
 
 To-day our flag waves over the citadels of Heron, and 
 a million sons of the soil have been sent to the sombre 
 grave by the legions of Toadia, who came as agents of 
 civilization and in the name of God, religion and human 
 ity. Before the occupancy of Heron by our soldiers there 
 was not a brothel or a saloon in the island; and to-day 
 every town can count its hosts of scarlet women, and the 
 distillers and brewers of this country can scarcely supply 
 the demands of the thousands of sample rooms, where the 
 noxious drug is sold to poison the hearts of the people. 
 And all this in the name of God, religion and humanity! 
 To-day the powers of the transarctic world are lined up in 
 battle array against the hosts of Nichan, in order to per 
 meate the natives of that benighted land with the germs of 
 sanctity. Must religion be supported by armies and na 
 vies? Then it is not religion. Individualism has plunged 
 the nations of the west in a bloody war with the bronzed 
 race of the Orient. 
 
 Dismantle your battle ships and disband your armies; 
 turn your swords into plough shares, and your spears into 
 pruning hooks; preach the fatherhood of God and the 
 brotherhood of man; and prove the sincerity of your doc 
 trine by practicing the law of love and justice, and the 
 mighty hosts who bow before the symbols of idolatry, and 
 worship the heroes of history, will throng the temple of 
 truth, and adore the Monarch of the universe. 
 
 The sixth commandment forbids impurity, and indi 
 vidualism enthrones the goddess of lust. Many men are 
 too poor to support a wife, and the wealthy are so vitiated 
 by luxury that they seek pleasure in the practice of polyg 
 amy. The ancients, with dozens of wives, were angels of 
 purity compared with the roues of our large cities; and 
 the debaucheries of civilized nations are more monstrous 
 than the immoralities of pagan countries. Bethel, the 
 capital of a country where polygamy is recognized by the 
 law, is more reputable than Lidda, the capital of this high 
 ly cultured commonwealtn. Woman is dependent and 
 seeks assistance in matrimony. She has become an article 
 of merchandise, and she is sold to the highest bidder. 
 Isias says that in those days, seven women shall take hold 
 of one man, each begging him to become her husband; 
 
270 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 and we now live in an age when seventy women pursue 
 every man in the marriage market. The young ladies of 
 this country enter into undesirable alliances for the sake of 
 lucre, financial assistance and social position. These wed 
 dings are not hallowed by the breath of love, and the nup 
 tial wreath has scarcely withered on the brow of the bride 
 when clouds of sorrow banish the light of joy from the 
 home of the young couple, and divorce is the next chapter 
 in the drama of their lives. They divide the house, one 
 takes the inside, the other the outside. 
 
 But this is not all. There are thousands of girls work 
 ing in our factories and stores, with a salary of not more 
 than three or four dollars per week, and in many cases 
 they are compelled to support a widowed mother, or help 
 her to sustain a number of young children. And as it is 
 impossible to accomplish this with the small compensa 
 tion they get for their labor, they are necessitated to seek 
 the assistance of gentlemen friends, and their purity is 
 sacrificed to secure their daily food. This is not an over 
 drawn picture. It is a common occurrence in all our great 
 cities. 
 
 Virtue can only flourish in an atmosphere of purity. 
 Millions of our poor are compelled to live in one room. 
 Sometimes whole families are huddled together, without 
 discrimination of sex. Can the angel of purity dwell in 
 such habitations? The little ones are inoculated with the 
 virus of corruption before they have reached the years of 
 puberty, and they enter life with all the proclivities of 
 hardened criminals. Such environments are detrimental 
 to corporal and spiritual life. In our tenement districts, 
 a strong rat would die of consumption in less than six 
 months, and a decent dog would lose his dignity in a few 
 weeks. And do you think that it is the will of God for 
 men to live in places that lead to moral corruption ? Then 
 why not give these people an opportunity to change their 
 environments, and inspire them with moral sentiments? 
 
 The seventh commandment forbids stealing, and the 
 law of competition has made theft a necessity in all trades. 
 No investment is safe, and a reliable man is an anomaly. 
 The greatest theft is perpetrated on labor. The poor sup 
 port the rich and pay nearly all the taxes besides. Their 
 
 \ 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 2JI 
 
 property is assessed at full value, whereas the property of 
 the wealthy is estimated at one-fifth its cost. There is a 
 plant in this city taxed for sixty-seven thousand dollars, 
 and it cost three million seven hundred and fifty thousand 
 dollars. There was a factory burned in Engeddi last year, 
 and it was insured for three hundred thousand dollars and 
 taxed for fifty thousand dollars. 
 
 Stealing is one of the arts of the age, and its devotees 
 are found among all classes. One time a man lost his 
 overcoat, and he prayed that it would not fall into the 
 hands of a thief, a lawyer or a theologian. The thief, he 
 said, would keep it because he wants it; the lawyer would 
 prove that he had a legal right to it, and the theologian 
 would prove that he had a divine right to it. 
 
 The eighth commandment forbids lying, and individu 
 alism has made this a profession. The merchant lies about 
 the value of his commodities, and tells the customer that 
 he is selling the article below cost, when he is making a 
 large profit. The politician lies about the remdies which 
 he proposes for the evils of the age. The physician lies 
 about his skill, the lawyer lies about the nature of the case 
 that he pleads. The man and boy, the woman and the girl, 
 all lie to get along in life. 
 
 The tenth commandment forbids us to covet the wealth 
 of others. If all had abundance, and no one could be 
 come wealthy, there would be no covetousness. Pride, 
 the root of all evil, is fostered by wealth, and envy, anger, 
 revenge, gluttony, luxury, vanity, and all the blackest pas 
 sions of human nature, are born of individualism. It en 
 genders the midnight assassin, crowds the scaffold with 
 murderers, fills the jails with miscreants, drives men to 
 insanity, creates our asylums, turns man against man, 
 changes earth into an haceldama, and makes life a living 
 hell. 
 
 Intemperance comes from overwork and mental anxie 
 ty. Saloons are established for profit, and competition in 
 the business leads to adulterations which destroys mind 
 and body, and sends the victim into the grave or the in 
 sane asylum. We have our free schools, and yet illiteracy 
 is dense, because the millions of poor children have not 
 the clothes to wear or the necessary books; and even when 
 
272 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 supplied with those, -they must enter the factory or the 
 sweat-shop, at the early age of twelve years, and their long 
 hours of labor render future study and reading an im 
 possibility. Individualism has engendered religious prej 
 udices, for religion has been used for obtaining temporal 
 advantages. All bloody wars, waged in the name of re 
 ligion, have been created by selfish motives. Bigotry has 
 been utilized to inflame nations against nations, in the 
 struggle for empire and wealth. After three hundred 
 years of carnage, the masses of the people are beginning 
 to awaken to the reality of the situation. Members of the 
 various denominations have used the influence of the 
 Church to secure positions of emolument; and sectarian 
 hatred and religious antipathies have been fostered in the 
 hearts of defeated contestants. 
 
 Destroy the struggle for existence, and religious preju 
 dices will wane. Man cannot hate his fellow man for his 
 opinions, unless those opinions are detrimental to his in 
 terests. Men have never fought about the color of the 
 clouds, and nations have never been involved in war over 
 the ponderosity of the sun; for the clouds rain on the poor 
 and rich, and the sun shines on the just and the wicked, 
 and all have enjoyed the common gifts. 
 
 Socialism, like Protectionism and Liberalism, has no 
 religion. It is purely a question of economics. The charge 
 that many Socialists are opposed to the Church is easily 
 understood, when we reflect that the Church is opposed 
 to them. The Church, heretofore, has been supported by 
 the poor, while she has sacrificed their rights to the ava 
 rice of capital, and the masses, realizing this fact, are rap 
 idly drifting away from the faith, and in a few years more 
 the temple of God will be abandoned. 
 
 Socialism, being the opposite of individualism, is an 
 antidote for all the evils we have enumerated. It teaches 
 love and justice. It would create an abundance for all. 
 Under a system of just distribution there would be no 
 poverty. Men would believe in God, for they would be the 
 recipient of His bounty. Under Socialism, men will see 
 the beneficence of the Creator in every leaf of vernal wood, 
 and every sheaf of golden grain, and every field of waving 
 corn, and every grove of yellow fruit. They will love and 
 
 i 
 
BEYOND THE BLRCK OCEAN 273 
 
 admire the Almighty instead of blaspheming His holy 
 name; and prayer and praise, and incense and song and 
 sacrifice, will arise to the throne of Omnipotence. There 
 will be no law-breaking, for laws will be just and legisla 
 tion will be pure. The Sabbath day shall be sanctified, 
 for men will have time and leisure, and with joyful hearts 
 they will throng the temple to thank God for all the 
 blessings which make their homes comfortable and their 
 lives happy. 
 
 Legal murder, arising from our industrial system, will 
 cease and Mars will vacate his throne. Impurity will be 
 almost wiped from the earth, for men can marry without 
 any fear of the future. Love will bind the hearts of the 
 bridal pair, and reign at the fireside; and happy babes will 
 smile in their mother s arms, and return the devotion of 
 fond parents. Dishonesty will cease, for it will not pay; 
 falsehood will be dethroned, for it will become a useless 
 trade ; and truth, so long persecuted, will arise to bless the 
 world with its light. 
 
 Luxury and waste will be no more, idleness will be 
 unknown. Labor will become a law for all. Politics will 
 be purified, for sinecures will cease, and men will not seek 
 public office, when they can earn the same salary in other 
 employments. Crime being vastly diminished, prisons 
 will be almost empty; the police force will be wonderfully 
 reduced; educational facilities will be increased; intelli 
 gence will expand and religion will grow. War will be 
 abolished and taxation will be a mere bagatelle. There 
 will be no Strikes, no lockouts, no industrial crises, no 
 adulterations, no needless banking and insurance, and the 
 nation will enter into the golden period of its existence. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXII. 
 
 A number of circumstances had led to the arrest of 
 Lord Jesse and Elija Murphy for the murder of Teddy 
 Einstein. Hosts of friends believed that Isaac Gilhooley 
 
i74 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 was innocent, and they advanced sufficient funds to hunt 
 down the guilty parties. Two years after the murder it 
 was learned that Murphy was in the carriage with the Geh- 
 theimers the evening the murder occurred. Later on, 
 Levi Sullivan, a hardware merchant on Main Street, said 
 that he had made two keys for Murphy a few days before 
 the crime wag committed. It was now supposed that these 
 keys had been used to enter the rooms of the editors, and 
 secure the garments, which were afterwards restored in a 
 blood-stained condition, thus throwing suspicion, on Gil- 
 hooley and his companion. 
 
 Reuben Abden, a member of the Soloman Detective 
 force, was in the park one evening and fell into conver 
 sation with Simon Heckler, and they began to discuss the 
 murder of Einstein. Heckler said that he was at the 
 north gate of the park that evening, about ten minutes 
 past eight o clock, when the Gehtheimers drove up, and 
 Elija Murphy alighted, with a small valise in his hand, and 
 took the car to the city. This strengthened the suspicion 
 that Murphy carried the blood-stained garments to the 
 hotel, and placed them in the rooms of the editors before 
 their return. It was further learned that Murphy was 
 not in the carriage when it entered the park. By follow 
 ing up this clue, it was ascertained that Murphy had en 
 tered the park alone, coming in a street car to the gate. 
 
 In the meantime, Benjamin Marx had ingratiated 
 himself with the Gehtheimer family, and learned from the 
 mother that Lord Jesse had been guilty of some terrible 
 crime, but she refused to make any definite statements. 
 Marx had heard that Jesse had bought a villa in Rubek, 
 and was living in princely style. He related this to Mrs. 
 Gehtheimer, adding that he was a great favorite in so 
 ciety, and was engaged to a wealthy baroness. Airs. 
 Gehtheimer flew into a rage, and said that she would have 
 him hanged if he married. "I have him in my power, and 
 I will execute my vengeance!" she cried. Mrs. Reisan 
 constantly abused Lord Jesse, but never intimated that 
 he was guilty of any crime. 
 
 Murphy had been interviewed from time to time by 
 Isaac O Shanahan, another detective, and whenever the 
 murder of Einstein was mentioned, Murphy betrayed 
 
 \ 
 
fcEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 275 
 
 anxiety. He finally left the city and went to Kedron, 
 where he was followed by a detective, and all his move 
 ments were scrutinized. 
 
 Solomon Levi went over on the ship with Jesse and 
 Mrs. Reisan, and he looked up the record of the Danite. 
 It was discovered that Jesse s real name was Isaac Guis- 
 man. He was the only son and heir of a wealthy banker 
 in Dan, and had received an excellent education in the 
 University of Hosea. His mother died when Jesse was 
 twelve years of age, and eight years later he lost his father. 
 He inherited the entire wealth of the family, and imme 
 diately affiliated with the Queen s Club, whose members 
 were famous gamblers. In less than five years Jesse had 
 squandered his fortune. He then became a forger, and 
 drew immense sums on the names of the best business 
 men in Dan. He was an expert with the pen, and he suc 
 ceeded so well in imitating the chirography of his victims 
 that they were compelled by law to recognize the checks. 
 He presented a check on Lord Aran for the sum of one 
 hundred thousand dollars, and the nobleman was com 
 pelled to pay it. A second check on Aran led to his ar 
 rest and he was condemned to imprisonment for life. He 
 was afterwards released from prison by Lord Aran, and 
 several other prominent men in Hosea. A few days after 
 wards he sailed for Toadia, on the same ship with Aran 
 and Uriah, and was entertained with those gentlemen at 
 the residence of Ezechias Rosenberger. 
 
 Ben Neubaum, who was the coachman for the Geh- 
 theimer family, had left after the murder of Teddy Ein 
 stein, and it was not known where he had gone, till years 
 afterwards he was discovered by Solomon Levi in Dan, 
 where he filled the position of porter at Lord Uriah s 
 castle. Levi interviewed Ben about the drive in the park, 
 and the latter became frightened, and said that he had 
 nothing to do with the murder of Teddy Einstein. Levi 
 told him that if he confessed he would not be punished, 
 but if he persisted in his denial the fact would be proved 
 on him, and he would be hanged for complicity in the 
 crime. With the assurance of protection, Neubaum made 
 a full confession. Armed with these facts, the agency 
 proceeded to have the culprits arrested. Jesse and Mur- 
 
276 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 phy were brought back to Toadia and put on trial. The 
 facts leading up to the arrest were substantiated by evi 
 dence. Neubaum took the stand and testified that he 
 drove the carriage on the evening that Einstein was mur 
 dered. 
 
 "Lord Jesse and Teddy left the carriage at the lagoon, 
 about a quarter to eight o clock. I heard a faint cry, but 
 never suspected that there was any trouble. In ten or fif 
 teen minutes Lord Jesse returned with Elija Murphy, and 
 Murphy had a small valise. Mrs. Gehtheimer said, Did 
 you do the work ? and Lord Jesse said, It is all over now. 
 We must get away quick. Drive to the north gate. When 
 we reached the north gate Murphy got out and took a 
 street car going toward the custom house." 
 
 Mrs. Gehtheimer was called to give her testimony, 
 and when cross-questioned by the attorney for the State, 
 she became confused, contradicted herself repeatedly, and 
 also denied statements which she had made in the trial of 
 Isaac Gilhooley, and finally broke down and confessed 
 that she was accessory to the deed, that Lord Jesse had 
 promised to marry Lucile, if Teddy were not in the way. 
 Lucile was fondly devoted to Teddy, and would not con 
 sent to marry Jesse. "If Teddy were removed, I thought 
 that Lucile would marry Jesse, and when he proposed to 
 kill Teddy, that he might have no rival for the heart of 
 my daughter, I acquiesced and co-operated with him. He 
 wrote the note to the editors, feigning Teddy s chirog- 
 raphy, and signing Teddy s name, and planned the meet 
 ing at the monument. He also wrote the note that was 
 found in Teddy s pocket, and signed the editors names to 
 it. Teddy was not aware of either note. After Jesse and 
 Murphy had killed Teddy they put the note, which was 
 supposed to have been written by the editors, into Teddy s 
 pocket. Murphy met us at the lagoon, and after the mur 
 der was committed, he took Teddy s place in the carriage, 
 and we drove to the north gate, and Murphy took a car, 
 and hurried back to the hotel to put the blood-stained 
 garments in the rooms of the editors, before they would 
 return. He used the keys that had been made by Mr. Sul 
 livan to enter the rooms. We thought that McGillicuddy 
 
 and Gilhooley would both be at the monument at the ap- 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 277 
 
 pointed time, and would be convicted for the murder of 
 Teddy Einstein." 
 
 Here Mrs. Gehtheimer wept bitterly, and denounced 
 Jesse as the incarnation of wickedness. Judge Tischen- 
 dorf of Engeddi defended the prisoners and his defense 
 was the triumph of his life. He exerted every effort to 
 save his clients and visited them frequently in their cells. 
 The trial being concluded, the jury passed sentence of 
 death on Isaac Guisman (alias Lord Jesse) and Elija Mur 
 phy for the murder of Teddy Einstein. 
 
 Gehtheimer and his wife were then arrested and tried, 
 and were condemned to imprisonment for life, as accom 
 plices. Thus ended the mystery which had clouded the 
 names of two innocent men for many years. This was a 
 crowning victory for "The Flaming Sword," and the 
 cause of Socialism. The hearts of the people, the honest, 
 law-abiding citizens, were jubilant over the result of the 
 trial, and the legal exculpation of Isaac Gilhooley. 
 
 Though the masses never, for a moment, suspected 
 that he was the murderer of Teddy Einstein, yet the 
 proofs were against him, and they were compelled to sub 
 mit to the verdict of the law, and it was beyond their 
 power to purify his name from the stigma. None were 
 more exultant over the results of the judicial proceed 
 ings, which justified the innocent and condemned the 
 guilty, than Isaac s father and mother, and their joy was 
 equally shared by McGillicuddy and the Einsteins. There 
 was a universal jubilation throughout Toadia. Isaac Gil 
 hooley was an innocent man, and the God of justice lifted 
 the veil from the souls of the hypocrites, and exposed the 
 iniquity of his calumniators. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXIII. 
 
 McGillicuddy was discussing the turn of recent events 
 at the Einstein home, some months after the trial. Judge 
 Tischendorf had succeeded in obtaining a respite of ninety 
 
278 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 days for his clients, and the execution would not take 
 place until the first of September. 
 
 "It seems very strange," said Abraham, "that Lord 
 Aran and Lord Uriah should use their influence to re 
 lease Guisman from imprisonment." 
 
 "Yes, it does seem strange," replied Einstein. "But I 
 presume that Guisman s father was an old friend of 
 Aran s, and how do you know but they may be related?" 
 
 "This is the only way I can account for the interest 
 they have taken in the case. When he was sentenced to 
 prison, I presume that Aran relented, and pleaded for 
 him, with the hope that his narrow escape would be a les 
 son to him during the rest of his life." 
 
 "It is remarkable, too," said Einstein, "what interest 
 Tischendorf has taken in his trial. I presume that Aran 
 is paying for all this." 
 
 "Oh ! you may be sure that Tischendorf is not work 
 ing for glory. He is not a man of that character. By the 
 way, pardon me for the interruption, but Eisenheimer 
 will pay a visit to Toadia during the month of June." 
 
 "So I see from the papers, and I am delighted to hear 
 it. I received a letter to-day from Biddy, and she says 
 she will come over on the same ship with him." 
 
 "And dear Biddy is coming home ? Poor child ! her 
 life has been full of sorrow." 
 
 "It has, indeed. But she is completely changed since 
 the arrival of the information relative to the trial. Her 
 letter is so cheerful. She writes that while she never en 
 tertained a doubt that Isaac was not guilty, yet she could 
 not face the world and bear the unmerited scorn which it 
 heaped on his memory; and hence, she sought refuge 
 among strangers, in the distant regions of Arabia." 
 
 "It is a blessing for the happiness of all of us that the 
 agents of that dastardly deed have been discovered." 
 
 "Biddy says that Eisenheimer will take his air-ship 
 with him on his visit to Toadia." 
 
 "That will be a curiosity for the people of this country. 
 But it is strange that he does not come over in his air 
 ship." 
 
 "It would not be large enough for his retinue. It will 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 279 
 
 hold only ten or twelve persons, whereas there will be 
 twenty in his party." 
 
 "I suppose, Mr. Einstein, that you have noticed in the 
 papers that the governments of New Israel are trying to 
 buy the pattern of the air-ship, and the secret composi 
 tions of the bombs ?" 
 
 "I observed a few days ago that the empire of Zabulon 
 and Kurush had each offered Eisenheimer a hundred 
 thousand dollars." 
 
 "Ah ! but there is later news in the Kidroni dispatches. 
 Dan offered ten millions, Reuben six millions, Zabulon 
 fifty millions, and Kurush has gone up to one hundred 
 million." 
 
 "My heavens ! if that man would sell, he would be 
 richer than Croesus." 
 
 "Yes, but he will never do that. He intends to use 
 his power for the disarmament of the nations. The latest 
 dispatches state that he contemplates this movement, and 
 as soon as affairs are fully settled in< Jonas, he will exe 
 cute his intentions, and issue orders to the governments 
 of the earth to disarm under penalty of destruction from 
 the demon of the clouds." 
 
 The family having discussed matters of general inter 
 est with the young reformer, and tea being over, the enam 
 ored youth and his lovely sweetheart withdrew to the par 
 lor to speak of a question of special importance. 
 
 "My dear Mary Ann," said Abraham, "we have long 
 known each other, and our love dates from the day of our 
 acquaintance. Had we yielded to our inclinations, we 
 would have been wedded long ago; but circumstances 
 caused us to delay our union. Let love triumph and let 
 our hearts be one. I am now in a position to live in com 
 fort, and Socialism is so well rooted in the country, that I 
 can have more leisure, and also enjoy more of the plea 
 sures of life. If you have no objections, my darling, we 
 will approach the altar of Hymen on the fourth of June." 
 
 The blushing maiden threw her arms around her 
 lover s neck, and whispered : 
 
 "O, my darling ! How can I ever love you as you de 
 serve ! You are the idol of my heart. Your thoughts are 
 my thoughts, your will my will, your desire my desire." 
 
280 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 Then, my sweet, loving girl, we shall be married 
 three weeks after the arrival of your sister." 
 
 So arrangements were made for the wedding, with the 
 approval of the bride s parents. The few intervening 
 weeks rolled away and the family were busy preparing for 
 the reception of one daughter, after a long absence from 
 home, and the nuptials of the other. The news flashed 
 across the wires that the ship from South Arabia had been 
 sighted. Carriages were rolling down the streets to the 
 wharf, and the great city of Deboreh was clad in gala 
 robes for the visit of the renowned Eisenheimer, the 
 champion of liberty and the savior of civilization. A ten 
 der had been sent out to meet the ocean liner, and convey 
 the party to the city. A band of music poured forth pa 
 triotic airs as the little vessel steamed down the harbor ; 
 flags were waving; the people were shouting; bells were 
 ringing ; pennons were floating, and the entire city seemed 
 to crowd the dock and line the river bank. The boat was 
 moored to the wharf, and a tall, handsome gentleman, 
 with a full black beard, escorting a beautiful young lady, 
 stepped on the gang plank. Ten thousand voices cried 
 out : 
 
 "Hurrah for Eisenheimer ! Hurrah for the champion 
 of liberty!" 
 
 Moses McKinley, the reigning president, with Senator 
 Martin Hannon and Abraham McGillicuddy, advanced to 
 meet the hero of the South Arabian Republic. The 
 young lady threw herself into the arms of Abraham, and 
 cried out : 
 
 "O, my brother! My only brother now! how glad I 
 am to see you !" 
 
 Abraham recognized Miss Einstein, and fondly kissed 
 her. Then, he turned to the gentleman and said : 
 
 "I presume that this is Mr. Eisenheimer?" 
 
 The stranger smiled, and a tear rolled down his cheeks, 
 as he replied : 
 
 "Abraham, has the space of seven years so completely 
 transformed my appearance that the friend of my youth 
 fails to recognize the companion of his boyhood days?" 
 
 Abraham drew back, and his face donned a deathly 
 pallor. For a moment he could not speak. His friends no- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 28l 
 
 ticed his embarrassment, and asked him if he were ill; 
 but he treated their remarks with silence. He seemed to 
 be in a stupor. At length Biddy exclaimed : 
 
 "Abraham, don t you know your old associate, the 
 companion of your early struggles?" 
 
 McGillicuddy finally rallied from the shock, and 
 throwing his arms around the stranger, cried : 
 
 "Isaac ! dear Isaac ! We had mourned your death 
 these long, long years ! Thank God that you still live to 
 bless our lives with your bright smiles, to bless the world 
 with your virtue and genius !" 
 
 Biddy then asked for her parents and sister, and in a 
 few minutes they made their way through the dense 
 throng to where the Einsteins were waiting for their 
 daughter. The family did not recognize Gilhooley, and 
 at first addressed him as Mr. Eisenheimer. When they 
 were apprised of his identity, they could not believe the 
 announcement. They were appalled by the unexpected- 
 news, and Mrs. Einstein fell into a swoon, and was car 
 ried to the carriage and rapidly driven home. The tidings 
 were heralded through the vast assemblage that Eisen 
 heimer was Gilhooley in disguise. The information was 
 borne from lip to lip, and in an hour it was known to 
 every person in Deboreh ; and before the sun went down 
 the news was flashed over the wires to every part of Toa- 
 dia and to every civilized country in the trans-arctic world. 
 
 Moses Gilhooley and his wife read the account in the 
 Meron Progress, an afternoon paper, but they could not 
 believe the report. They decided to wire to Abraham for 
 further information, when a messenger, bearing a tele 
 gram, came to the door. Moses opened the envelope and 
 read the following message : 
 
 "Dear Mamma: Your lost child still lives, and is 
 known to the world as Eisenheimer. I arrived here to 
 day. Will be down to-morrow evening. Hear that my 
 father has returned. Give him my love. Your devoted 
 son, Isaac Gilhooley." 
 
 The aged couple were overcome. They could not wait 
 till the following day, but took the next train which left 
 Meron for Deboreh, and arrived there early that same 
 evening. After such a long absence, and under conditions 
 
282 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 so peculiar, the meeting of the son and his parents can 
 better be imagined than described. Isaac had never 
 known his father, having lost him when an infant. The 
 father had not seen his child for twenty-nine years. He 
 was then a babe in his mother s arms, now he is a man, 
 known throughout the world. Let us cast a veil over that 
 meeting. It is a scene that surpasses the power of de 
 scription. 
 
 The elder McGillicuddy, too, hied to Deboreh, when 
 he heard the news, to see the companion of his son s early 
 struggle for human liberty. When Mrs. Einstein recov 
 ered from the shock, Biddy explained the mystery of 
 Isaac s career since his escape from custody. 
 
 "You remember," she said, "that people thought that 
 Isaac was cremated in the barn. But he made his 1 escape 
 and went out West, where he sought refuge in the moun 
 tains of Moab. For several years he pursued the life of a 
 hunter. He knew that he was not safe until he reached 
 some country beyond the western waves. But how could 
 he make his escape ? If he took passage on a steamer, 
 he thought that he would be captured, for being ignorant 
 of the finding, of the skeleton in the ruins of the barn, he 
 presumed that the authorities were searching for him in 
 every town and city and port in the nation. He conceived 
 the idea of inventing an air-ship, that he might defeat the 
 efforts of the authorities, and seek safety in flight among 
 the clouds. 
 
 "Having completed his invention, he heard of the 
 war in South Arabia, and he determined to utilize his ship 
 to the advantage of the Jonites by keeping them informed 
 of the movements of the Danish army. His arrival in 
 Jonas created a profound sensation.. At first they thought 
 that his ship had been sent by the enemy to ascertain their 
 location and resources. He dropped a letter from the 
 sky, explaining his motives, giving a history of his in 
 vention, and offering his assistance, telling them to wave 
 a flag in case they wished to accept his services. The let 
 ter was read, and the emblem of peace floated from the 
 walls and towers of Seda. The air-ship came down, and 
 Isaac introduced himself as Eisenheimer, but concealed 
 his nationality and antecedents. His proposals were ac- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 283 
 
 cepted, and he kept on the wing for some time, watching 
 the movements of the invaders. 
 
 "He then conceived the idea of inventing a bomb to 
 hurl from the ship, and as the natives had all the materials 
 essential for the work, he was not long in realizing his 
 dream of wiping out the Danish empire. When Zapling 
 was evacuated by the enemy, I had heard that the murder 
 ers of Teddy were convicted, and I decided to return home 
 on the same ship with Eisenheimer, not knowing that he 
 was Isaac. When the ship left port I saw Isaac, but did 
 not recognize him, for his full beard had so completely 
 changed his appearance. The second day after we left 
 Jonas, he observed me, and he said, Is it possible ! Surely 
 this is Biddy Einstein? I was astonished to be thus ac 
 costed by the hero of the South Arabian Republic. I 
 looked at him in astonishment, and replied, That is my 
 name. Have we ever met before? My dear girl, no 
 doubt you have long mourned me as dead, he replied, 
 but I am still living, and my hopes to see you again are 
 at last realized. I am your affianced lover, Isaac Gil- 
 hooley. You may surmise the situation better than I can 
 portray it in language. My joy was so intense I thought 
 I should die. I wished to communicate the news to you, 
 but we were on the deep. We spent the days of our voy 
 age in recounting our experiences, and laying plans for 
 the future. Isaac had read in the papers of the trial of the 
 murderers, and the confession of Mrs. Gehtheimer and 
 Neubaum, and hence he had no reason now to conceal his 
 identity, or absent himself from the land of his nativity." 
 
 Within a few weeks after the arrival of Gilhooley there 
 was a double wedding. Miss Mary Ann Einstein was 
 made Mrs. McGillicuddy, and Miss Biddy was led to the 
 bridal altar by the hero who had hurled bolts of vengeance 
 from the clouds on the mightiest empire of modern times, 
 and like the martial angels of the Ancient Testament, lib 
 erated a noble race of men from the chains of bondage. 
 
 Abraham McGillicuddy purchased a residence in the 
 East End, where he took his bride after their marriage, 
 and Isaac made his home with his father-in-law, Mr. Pat 
 rick Einstein. 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 CHAPTER XXXIV. 
 
 The Social Democrats, the Socialist Labor party, and 
 the Nationalists united their forces and held their conven 
 tion at Lidda, in June, 1864. Isaac Gilhooley was present 
 and delivered a great speech in support of co-operation. 
 
 "Gentlemen," he said, "some people say that competi 
 tion is the life of trade, is the incentive to exertion, and its 
 elimination from society means the decay and death of the 
 commonwealth. If competition is essential to the devel 
 opment of society, then it must be a factor in the develop 
 ment of vegetable and animal life. Why does the farmer 
 plow his field? Why does he not let the corn, compete 
 with the weeds ? Why does he improve the fertility of his 
 land with manure and other substances? Why does he 
 let his fields rest a few years, or plant them with crops that 
 do not exhaust the fertility of the soil ? Why does he pre 
 serve the breed of his stock ? Why does the horticulturist 
 protect his flowers from the chilly blast of winter ? Why 
 not let the fragile plants compete with the biting frosts 
 and withering snows? 
 
 "If the agriculturist allowed competition free sway, his 
 meadows would be filled with a useless, noxious growth, 
 that would destroy every blade of grass in the struggle for 
 existence. Liberals and Protectionists speak of the har 
 mony between labor and capital. There can be no har 
 mony between opposing forces, for the existence of one 
 depends on the destruction of the other. Capital and la 
 bor are like two boys playing see-saw, one must go up 
 when the other goes down. The Protectionist and Lib 
 eral papers are always on the side of labor before election, 
 and always on the side of capital after election . When 
 there is a strike, these papers show their real animus. 
 They cry for the blood of the poor man, and call on the 
 public to arm themselves and shoot down the strikers. 
 
 "The other day a man asked me what I would do with 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 285 
 
 tramps under Socialism. What do you do with tramps 
 under the competitive system? You let them starve. Un 
 der Socialism there would be no tramps. A large number 
 of people are tramps because they cannot get work. A 
 vast number cannot get work that they can perform. Some 
 were clerks or bookkeepers or mechanics, and having lost 
 their positions, they are unable to perform the hard labor 
 of the railroad section hand. Some are tramps because 
 they were discouraged by long hours of laborious toil 
 with insufficient remuneration. Some have become hard 
 ened by the asperities of the world. Some few are dis 
 honest, >ut the public is not aware of this fact, and gives 
 them a support. Some were born tired, because their 
 mothers labored like galley slaves during gestation, and 
 the unborn foetus has been impregnated with ennui and 
 lassitude, and comes into the world cursed with physical 
 debility. Under Socialism the working day would be re 
 duced to two hours, and there would be labor for all, with 
 a just compensation, and your tramps would disappear 
 from the nation. 
 
 "But the capitalist says that there would be no emula 
 tion under a Socialistic form of government? When men 
 have all they want, they will not exert themselves. The 
 capitalists of the world have all they want, and a great deal 
 more than they can use. In fact, their wealth is a burden 
 to them, and still they do not cease to exert themselves. 
 Public approval would be the incentive to exertion. The 
 laborer would invent some machine which would reduce 
 the hours of toil for himself and his fellow men and he 
 would become the hero of his craft, a star in the galaxy of 
 the nation s great names. He would be pensioned and 
 thus enabled to devote his genius to the promotion of 
 mechanical skill, which would be utilized for the ameliora 
 tion of the human race. Machinery is now used for the 
 advancement of capital, and the degradation of labor, and 
 the inventor is robbed of the fruits of his genius for the 
 personal aggrandizement of the employer. The man who 
 would invent a new method for conducting business, or 
 would introduce some innovation that would enhance the 
 wealth of society and redound to the glory of the nation, 
 
286 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 would be recognized as a public benefactor, and his statue 
 would be enshrined in the temple of fame. 
 
 "What interest would it be to the government to build 
 a railroad? says the capitalist. What interest was it to the 
 government to establish the postal system, the public 
 school, the army and navy all Socialistic enterprises? 
 Some one would agitate the building of a road through a 
 certain section of the country. Others would take up the 
 question, and soon it would assume national importance. 
 
 "Socialism is opposed because it is a step forward. Prog 
 ress has always been opposed by a very large percentage 
 of the people known as the conservative element. Dan 
 and Zabulon opposed the Grereinan calendar for two hun 
 dred years, and Kurush has not yet adopted it. When the 
 Royal Society introduced this calendar into the Senate in 
 1752, the fellows of that learned association were pursued 
 and cursed on the streets by the ignorant rabble who 
 claimed that the new method of dividing time had robbed 
 them of eleven days of their lives. Serpek was banished 
 from Zabulon, because he advocated the theory that the 
 sun is the central figure in the solar system. Herob was 
 driven from Samaria, and his observatory, which cost two 
 hundred thousand dollars, was destroyed. The people be 
 lieved that astronomy was a black art. Kassed was per 
 secuted in Asher, and the Marquis of Mersen in Dan, for 
 their scientific acquisitions. 
 
 "When the fanning mill for winnowing grain was in 
 troduced into Galilee, the Church condemned it as being 
 in league with the prince of the power of air, for the Bible 
 says, The wind bloweth where it listeth. The study of 
 geology was condemned for centuries. Hycor discovered 
 the circulation of blood, and the people tore down his 
 house, and stoned him in the public road. Nerjen and 
 Sonmis discovered inoculation, vaccination and anaesthe 
 sia, and they were condemned as being the agents of hell 
 to defy the power of heaven. The preachers denounced 
 lightning rods, claiming that they disturbed the equilibri 
 um of heaven, and the great earthquake of 1775 was at 
 tributed to this diabolical invention. An Engeddi clergy 
 man called it a contrivance for tampering with the execu 
 tion of divine wrath. The first steamboat that appeared in 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 287 
 
 the Danish channel was called the Devil s boat. The news 
 was rapidly spread abroad that hell was turned loose, and 
 was floating on the sea. The clergy took up the cry of 
 the vulgar herd, and said that since God had separated 
 fire and water in the beginning, no man had a right to mix 
 them and make them work together. Some called it the 
 leviathan mentioned in the Book of Job. The Academy 
 of Science in Simeon, consulted by Ozias, called it a sad 
 notion, a gross delusion, an absurdity. The first steam 
 boat of Tanluf sailed up the Sanan River on the I7th of 
 August, 1805, and a convention of preachers assembled 
 in Rehor, came to the conclusion that the boat was the 
 beast, with seven heads and ten horns, making a total of 
 seventeen, which was designated by the seventeenth of the 
 month. 
 
 "There are many cases on the other side of the earth 
 where science has been persecuted, and great men have 
 been sacrificed to popular prejudice. Socrates was put to 
 death, Anaxagoras was imprisoned. Aristotle was com 
 pelled to seek safety in flight. Gerbert was abhorred as 
 a magician. Roger Bacon languished in a dungeon for 
 many years. Virgilius was condemned for teaching the 
 existence of the antipodes. Savonarola lost his life in 
 trying to save Florence from moral putrefaction, and Co 
 lumbus, after braving wind and wave, was brought back 
 in chains as a criminal, and having added a new world to< 
 the empire of Spain, died in poverty and distress. 
 
 "Socialism will give every man an opportunity. It will 
 make all men free and equal. Under it, there will be no 
 privileged class, and this is why it has been so obstinately 
 opposed. My friends, civilization progresses with the 
 preservation of mental energies, and mental energies are 
 wasted by maintenance and conflict. Vast wealth on one 
 side and degrading poverty on the other engender a class 
 struggle. The rich are vitiated by luxury, and the poor 
 are demoralized by poverty. The rich spend their time in 
 seeking pleasure and in keeping down the poor; and the 
 poor spend their time in supporting themselves and their 
 masters, and fighting for their fredom. 
 
 "Vast inequalities beget conflict and increase the bur 
 den of maintenance and retard the wheel of progress and 
 
288 BEYOND THE BLACKOCEAN 
 
 destroy civilization. Look back into the shadows of the 
 lost ages, and what do you behold? The tombs of fallen 
 empires and extinct races. Behold the glory of ancient 
 Syria, behold the splendor of Babylon and Nineveh with 
 their massive walls and brazen gates, and minarets and 
 towers and pinnacles that glistened in the golden sheen of 
 the tropical sky; and where are they to-day? When Baby 
 lon went down, two per cent of her population owned all 
 the wealth, and the masses were starved. When Persia 
 fell beneath the sword of doom, one per cent of the popu 
 lation owned all the land. Let us leave the valley of the 
 Tigris and go to the valley of the. Nile, and behold the 
 glory of ancient Egypt, with her schools and libraries and 
 temples and pyramids that were swept by the wandering 
 clouds. When Egypt perished two per cent of her popu 
 lation owned ninety-seven per cent of her wealth. 
 
 "The eagle of progress perched on the rocks of the 
 Mediterranean, and the Phoenician confederation became 
 the sun and center of civilization, spreading the rays of 
 light upon every country, from the land of frozen streams 
 to the billows of the south sea. But wealth and poverty 
 led her to ruin; she now lives only in the song of the bard. 
 The star of genius arose like a goddess from the wild 
 Aegian flood that swept the rock of Attica and covered 
 every land, and every wave, with the glory of its sheen. 
 The harp of the Muse mingled with the sigh of the wind 
 and the wail of the woods, the whisper of the trees and the 
 voice of the groves. O Greece! land of poetry and elo 
 quence, home of sages and heroes, hallowed by the sacred 
 memories that cluster around thy fountains and glide 
 along thy streams ! O Hellas, consecrated by the song of 
 Apollo, whose lyre filled the lonely mountain dell with 
 echoes weird and dim, and charmed the rocks of wild 
 Parnassus with the magic of its sound, and held the world 
 entranced around Castalia s silvery brook nestled in the 
 shade of Helicon! Thy ancient glory is lost and thou 
 hast vanished from the galaxy of nations; and inequality 
 is the cause of thy ruin. The Imperial City arose on the 
 borders of the Tiber, and the Roman Eagles swept every 
 land and every sea till the throne of the Caesars ruled the 
 world. In the days of her supremacy one thousand eight 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 289 
 
 hundred owned the Roman empire, and the City of the 
 Twins fell beneath the iron-clad hoofs of the Northman s 
 battle steed. 
 
 "On this side of the Black Ocean, we have witnessed 
 the same facts. The republics of Nichhan surpassed the 
 splendor of Dan and the wealth of Toadia, and they have 
 long since vanished from the theater of national glory. 
 Five hundred years ago, Perea was the brightest star in 
 the constellation of nations, and she has waned and faded 
 from the sky of the east. At the dawn of the Sixteenth 
 Century, Reuben was the dominant power of the trans- 
 arctic world. Her ships had broken the waves on every 
 sea, her sails had been unfurled beneath the blue of every 
 sky, and the sun in his daily course around the earth never 
 set on her vast dominions. But the unequal distribution 
 of wealth has brought her to the verge of ruin, and she 
 will soon take her place among the ruined empires of an 
 tiquity. The same conditions prevailed in Simeon at the 
 end of the Eighteenth Century; but the Revolution broke 
 down the power of the aristocracy, divided the wealth of 
 the nation, and saved the kingdom from impending doom. 
 
 "Dan and Galilee and other nations in the north of 
 New Israel were yet barbarous and their resources had 
 not been developed, and their wealth had not yet been 
 monopolized, when the southern nations were at the 
 zenith of their glory, and thus they have not yet shown 
 the signs of decay. But their hour is fast approaching, 
 and the same fate will overtake them, as we have witnessed 
 elsewhere. Let us awaken to the reality of the conditions 
 which surround us, and assume the responsibility of citi 
 zenship and discharge our obligations to society. 
 
 "The capitalists say that under Socialism our powers of 
 productivity would be multiplied twenty-fold, and that we 
 would have too much, and that that would be worse than 
 starving. If men are not constantly employed they will 
 become inert and slothful, and civilization will retrograde. 
 These people presume that man is actuated solely by cor 
 poral desires, and forget the existence of the human mind. 
 The sublimity of the human soul shines forth in all the 
 works of the human race. It shines forth in the grand 
 periods of Demosthenes, who electrified the statesmen of 
 
290 LEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 Greece, and in the eloquent flights of Cicero who held in 
 his hand the mighty heart of Rome. It shines forth in the 
 brush of Raphael and Angelo, who gave the canvas life 
 and speech and sketched the smile and frown. It shines 
 forth in the chisel of Phidias and Praxiteles who carved 
 the tear and sigh and made the marble laugh and weep. 
 It shines forth in the visions of Daniel and the dreams of 
 Isaias, in the lyre of Homer and the harp of Milton. It 
 shines forth in the strains of Ohias and Zekel, who have 
 thrilled the world with waves of symphony and floods 
 of harmony. The majesty of the human soul beams forth 
 in all the works of art, in all the achievements of science, 
 in all the trophies of progress, in all the thoughts and in 
 all the dreams, in all the raptures and in all the ecstasies, 
 in all the flights of fancy, and in all the visions of glory 
 that have made the golden page in the history of the 
 world. 
 
 "The mind of man is not circumscribed by space or 
 time. It lives in every age and roams through every world. 
 It has flown on the wings of thought to those distant stars 
 whose rays have struggled through the long aeons to 
 reach the atmosphere that envelops the earth. It has dis 
 covered that those faint specks of light that twinkle in the 
 distant skies are glittering orbs and dazzling suns. It can 
 sweep through all the boundless realms of space, and 
 weigh all the globes and measure all the spheres. It can 
 touch all the worlds and planets and constellations that 
 wander through those vast realms where no sound has 
 ever broken the deep silence of premundane existence. 
 
 "The human mind can soar beyond flaming space, be 
 yond etherial zones, beyond those dark regions where no 
 sun has ever cast his golden beams, and where night black 
 and awful has hung his sable curtain. Let all the powers 
 of government, let all the forces of society, be utilized in 
 the development of our national genius. 
 
 "Poverty has robbed the world of millions of great 
 minds. Many a Homer has died in the furrow, and be 
 queathed no legacy to the human race. Many a Raphael 
 has spent his life in the obscurity of his rural home, or has 
 perished in the alleys of the world s great cities, and left no 
 monument to future ages. The development of genius 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 29 1 
 
 depends on opportunities for thought and study, and our 
 industrial system gives these advantages only to a favored 
 few, and perhaps not to the brightest intellects of every 
 age. Among the millions of men whose records are not 
 written on the page of history there must have been some 
 mighty minds. Let us, therefore, emancipate the human 
 soul from the bondage of incessant toil, and our country 
 will be filled with philosophers and scientists, poets and 
 orators, painters and sculptors. We will collect the glory 
 of all past centuries ; the genius of all the buried ages will 
 be concentrated in our land. We will follow the eagle of 
 progress in her flight beyond the glittering stars; bands 
 of shining angels will sing the glory of our triumphs, and 
 the smiles of God will light up all the realm, from the 
 frozen bank of the Keron to the golden sands of the 
 southern gulf." 
 
 When Gilhooley concluded his speech, the immense 
 throng went wild with enthusiasm. Mr. Lohman made a 
 motion that Gilhooley be nominated President, and this 
 was seconded by Mr. Merman, and carried without a dis 
 sentient voice. McGillicuddy was then nominated Vice 
 President. The convention decided to adopt a platform 
 embodying the municipal ownership of light, water, elec 
 tric railways, and other public conveniences, the national 
 ownership of railways, the adoption of a labor dollar as 
 legal tender for all debts, the same to be used in purchas 
 ing the industries of the nation, and direct legislation. 
 According to this latter provision, no law could become a 
 legal enactment, till put before the public, within two 
 months from the adjournment of the legislature in case 
 of a State law, or Congress in case of a national law, and 
 corroborated by a plurality of the legal voters. The dele 
 gates decided to abandon their old party lines and names, 
 and to be known in the future as the Socialist party. Thus 
 Socialism, pure and simple, became the slogan of battle. 
 
292 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 CHAPTER XXXV. 
 
 The return of Isaac Gilhooley created a sensation in 
 Deboreh and throughout Toadia, and the identity of the 
 skeleton found in the barn now agitated the people again. 
 Since it was learned, during the trial of Jesse, that his real 
 name was Isaac Guisman, every one concluded that the 
 silver match case, with the initials "I. G.," found in the 
 barn, was the property of Jesse, and this led to the suspi 
 cion that he was connected with the murder of the un 
 known victim. 
 
 Mr. Reisan had mysteriously disappeared at the time, 
 and had never been seen since, and as his wife had eloped 
 with Jesse afterward, strong suspicion pointed to Mrs. 
 Reisan, and she was arrested for complicity in the murder 
 of her husband. She claimed that Reisan was still living, 
 but she could not say where he was located, and could not 
 give a satisfactory answer to the simplest questions rela 
 tive to the disappearance of her husband. She said that 
 he had left her because of her infatuation for Jesse, and 
 since then she had not heard from him. The jury passed 
 sentence of life imprisonment on her for complicity in the 
 death of Reisan. 
 
 Judge Tischendorf was a constant visitor to the cell of 
 Guisman, and tried to get a new trial, but failed, and the 
 day of the execution was near at hand. 
 
 When the hope of liberty was haunting the minds of 
 Guisman and Murphy and Mrs. Reisan, and when the So 
 cialists were working for the triumphs of equality, ideas 
 of quite a different complexion were being discussed in 
 the stately palace of Ezechias Rosenberger. Lord Aran 
 and Lord Uriah had come to Engeddi to deliberate with 
 the money kings over means of promoting the interests of 
 the monarchy in the west, and saving the throne of Dan. 
 Lord Aran proposed that it was now time to proclaim the 
 eight year term. "You can easily do this, and this is the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 293 
 
 only method of rescuing royalty from the wave of destruc 
 tion which now threatens the kings of the earth. Mur- 
 murings of discontent resound throughout New Israel, 
 and if Toadia throws her influence in the right direction, 
 the question will be decided." 
 
 "But the people will rebel, and if we turn the army 
 loose on them, they will gather around Gilhooley, and he 
 will bring his ship from Arabia to hurl bolts of death from 
 the clouds, and the fate of Toadia will be forever sealed, 
 and the history of empire will be inhunied beneath the 
 wreck of revolution." 
 
 "Ah ! Rosenberger, you are a coward, and besides you 
 do not understand the people. Pay the press to write 
 glowing accounts of the administration, and the danger of 
 a change at the present crisis when thrones are tottering, 
 and you will find that seventy-five per cent of the people 
 will be deluded and step into our ranks." 
 
 "Lord Aran," said Lord Uriah, "how would it do to 
 feel the pulse of the people through the press, and in the 
 meantime we can gather our forces and transport the 
 army from the Moabitic waves to assist us in case of re 
 bellion." 
 
 "That is it, Lord Uriah!" exclaimed all. "You have 
 proposed the right plan, and it will succeed admirably." 
 
 The scheme was unanimously adopted. Communica 
 tions were forwarded to the great corporations and jour 
 nalists of the nation to assemble in Engeddi, where a meet 
 ing was to be held to weigh questions of vast moment to 
 the Republic. Every precaution was taken to avoid pub 
 licity. The meeting was clandestine, reporters were ex 
 cluded and the matter was thoroughly discussed, and 
 within a period of two weeks the people were startled by 
 an editorial in the Deboreh World, advocating the neces 
 sity of an eight-year term. Every leading capitalist paper 
 in the nation adopted the views of the World. 
 
 But the plan was a total failure. The public was roused 
 and flew to arms and threatened to wade through rivers of 
 blood in defense of their time-honored rights. When the 
 excitement was at its height, the press announced the ar 
 rest of Mike Gedeon and Sam Ackron as principals, and 
 Ezachrias Rosenberger, Judge Tischendorf, Simon Lue- 
 
294 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 meyer, Lord Aran and Lord Uriah as accessories in the 
 blowing up of the battleship Tyre. Further information 
 was detailed that those arrests had been made on the con 
 fession of Guisman and Murphy, who, with Gedeon and 
 Ackron, had been employed by Rosenberger, Aran, 
 Uriah, Tischendorf and Luemeyer to execute the deed. 
 
 The country was astonished to learn that Samuel Lue 
 meyer had turned State s evidence. In his confession he 
 revealed the secret of the plot to overthrow the Republic 
 of Toadia, and establish a monarchy ; and for this purpose 
 Aran, Uriah, Tischendorf, Rosenberger and himself, had 
 employed Geisman to destroy the Tyre, in order to bring 
 on a war, which they would use as a plea for expansion, 
 imperialism and the necessity of a first-class navy and 
 standing army, which they intended to use in the accom 
 plishment of their ulterior designs. He also gave the 
 names of one hundred and twenty-five money kings who 
 were abettors of the intrigue, and among others, Levi, 
 Loveheart and Jonas, the committee that had investi 
 gated the disaster. 
 
 The court passed sentence of death on Aran, Uriah, 
 Tischendorf, Rosenberger, Ackron and Gedeon. 
 
 When the verdict was read Geisman took the stand 
 and made a confession of his life, stating that he had mur 
 dered two men, and committed twenty-two forgeries and 
 twelve burglaries in the last nineteen years. He also af 
 firmed the evidence that had been adduced in court, and 
 added much to confirm the proofs that had been advanced. 
 He confessed that he had been released from life imprison 
 ment by Aran and Uriah, both of whom had been intimate 
 with his father, to come to Toadia and thence sail for Ha- 
 man, where he was to blow up the Tyre. "They offered 
 me five hundred thousand dollars for the work, and I en 
 gaged the services of Murphy, Gedeon and Ackron, as 
 assistants. 
 
 I selected Murphy at the suggestion of Tischendorf, 
 because the Judge said he was a cool and deliberate man, 
 and was desperate enough to commit any deed. I em 
 ployed Gedeon and Ackron, because they were natives, 
 and could give the requisite information how to proceed 
 in the matter. With these three men I went to Engeddi, 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 295 
 
 where we had a conference with Rosenberger, Uriah, 
 Aran, Tischendorf and Luemeyer, at the home of Rosen 
 berger, and in presence of all the bargain was made. Ro 
 senberger was to give us ten thousand dollars each; but 
 secretly, without the knowledge of my accomplices, I was 
 to get four hundred and sixty thousand dollars in stock." 
 
 It was proved that this stock had been given to Geis- 
 man by Rosenberger. "The work was done and the 
 money was paid. After the destruction of the Tyre," he 
 continued, "I went to Dan, and in a short time I was em 
 ployed by the same parties to kill McGillicuddy and Gil- 
 hooley, and thus destroy the power of The Flaming 
 Sword, cast opprobrium on Socialism, and turn the tide 
 of sentiment against the reform movement. I went to 
 Deboreh, sought the acquaintance of the editors, and 
 courted their friendship for the purpose of finding a favor 
 able opportunity of executing the deed, thinking that my 
 intimacy with the victims would shield me from the slight 
 est suspicion. I was to receive one hundred thousand 
 dollars for the work. 
 
 "One evening Teddy Einstein asked me if I ever knew 
 a man by the name of Samuel Blymeyer. This was the 
 name I had assumed in Haman; but I denied that I had 
 ever met any one by that name. Teddy then said that he 
 had met a gentleman of that name in Haman, adding 
 that I resembled him very much. Were you ever in 
 Haman? I asked. I was there when the Tyre was de 
 stroyed, he said. I was there in the interest of the De 
 borah Tobacco Firm. I became confused. I concluded 
 that Teddy had some knowledge of my antecedents, and 
 I felt that his death was necessary to my safety, as the 
 hint he had given might possibly lead to my arrest and 
 conviction. 
 
 "Another thought dawned on my mind. I was des 
 perately in love with Miss Biddy Einstein; but I learned 
 that her heart was possessed by Isaac Gilhooley, and I 
 conceived the idea of arranging the murder of Teddy 
 under circumstances that would criminate Gilhooley and 
 McGillicuddy. Thus I would achieve a treble victory. 
 Teddy Einstein would be dead, and I would be safe; the 
 editors would be hanged and The Flaming Sword and 
 
296 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 the reform movement would be silenced forever, and 1 
 would get my payment for the work; Biddy Einstein 
 would loathe the name of her affianced and marry me. 
 Hence I feigned the chirography of Teddy in sending the 
 note to the editors in reply to the challenge to meet them 
 at the monument in the Park. I pretended to love Lucile 
 Gehtheimer; but she was engaged to Teddy, and rejected 
 my overtures. Her mother favored my attentions, and I 
 told Mrs. Gehtheimer that Lucile would marry me, if 
 Teddy were out of the way, and suggested the idea of 
 murdering him, disclosing my scheme of criminating the 
 editors for the deed. She accepted my views and offered 
 her co-operation. 
 
 "I was on most intimate terms with these men, and 
 was frequently in their apartments alone, and on one oc 
 casion I made the pattern of the keys that I required for 
 my work. I thought that both editors would go to the 
 monument, and their guilt would be established beyond a 
 doubt. My plans miscarried to some extent, and thus 
 McGillicuddy escaped from the trap. I would have writ 
 ten severaldays previously to the murder, but I was afraid 
 the editors would see Teddy in the meantime, and demand 
 an explanation of my note, and my plot would be foiled. 
 
 "After the murder of Einstein, I thought it prudent to 
 leave Toadia. I revealed my purpose to Mrs. Reisan, and 
 she proposed to accompany me to my home in the vale of 
 Sharon. But I said, You have a husband, and he would 
 kill us both if we attempted to elope. She said that she 
 could get a divorce. But a new idea came into my mind. 
 Reisan was worth several million dollars, and if his wife 
 obtained a divorce, she would only get alimony. I wanted 
 all the wealth. I proposed to poison him, and she acted 
 on the suggestion and administered the drug. I imitated 
 Reisan s handwriting in making the deed of all his prop 
 erty in Deboreh to his wife. Reisan had every reason to 
 be jealous of his wife s attention to me, and I knew that 
 his disappearance would be attributed to domestic infelic 
 ity, and that they had agreed to separate. The deed was 
 executed. 
 
 "Reisan died two hours after supper. That night I 
 placed the corpse on the back seat of the carriage and 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 297 
 
 Mrs. Reisan and I occupied the front seat. Murphy drove 
 the carriage to the country, till we reached the barn that 
 I had observed a few days before. I then took the corpse 
 from the carriage and placed it in the barn, and set the 
 barn afire, and immediately returned to the carriage and 
 drove back to the city. The next morning the papers 
 announced the burning of the barn, and the finding of 
 the skeleton which was identified as that of Isaac Gilhoo- 
 ley; but it was the skeleton of Reisan, and the silver match 
 case with the initials I. G. engraved on it, was a present 
 from my father, who died many years ago. I opened the 
 match case to get a match to light the barn, and in my 
 excitement I dropped the match case and forgot to pick 
 it up. 
 
 "Since my arrest, Tischendorf encouraged me by say 
 ing that Lord Aran, Uriah and the others would accom 
 plish their purpose before the day of my execution, and 
 they would release me. I lived in this hope till they were 
 arrested, and now I see that all is over with me. Wealth 
 and idleness have been the cause of my ruin. Had I been 
 taught to labor in my youth, and had necessity compelled 
 me to earn my living in the sweat of my brow, I would 
 never have been sentenced to die on a scaffold. My life is 
 a lesson on the wisdom of Socialism." 
 
 Thus ended the great tragedy, and the last words of 
 the culprit as he was about to don the black cap were 
 spoken in condemnation of the system which has wrecked 
 millions of lives. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXVI. 
 
 The money power in Toadia was wielded in behalf of 
 the conspirators, and it was maintained by the press that 
 these men were as innocent as unborn babes. The De 
 borah Herald denounced the arrest of the traitors as a dis 
 grace to the nation. "The men who have built up our 
 country, who have defended the flag, and filled the land 
 
298 B3YOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 with the blessings of prosperity, are taken from their pa 
 latial homes and thrown into jails with the common herd. 
 Such a crime was never perpetrated by a civilized people. 
 The rabble seem to forget that these gentlemen are the 
 glory of the Republic, the pride of our country, the com 
 panions of royalty. Jails were made only for thieves and 
 robbers and the dirty poor, not for lords and noblemen. 
 The officers who arrested Mr. Rosenberger and Judge 
 Tischendorf and Samuel Luemeyer are not fit to wipe the 
 feet of their prisoners, and as for the noble Danish Lords, 
 ah! what Toadian would not be proud to know them! 
 What official cur would not kiss the very ground that they 
 have consecrated by their footsteps! 
 
 "The authorities shall liberate those men at once, and 
 get down on bended knees, and humbly ask pardon for 
 the awful offense that has been offered to them, and take 
 the subordinates who arrested them, and lash their naked 
 back in the public square. Call the army from the forts 
 and field of battle, summon the militia from every State, 
 and put down this outrage. This is the rule of the prole 
 tariat, the low, vulgar rabble. If these contemptible var- 
 lets and uncultivated bumpkins are not restrained, the 
 government will soon be in their hands. This intrigue 
 had been planned and witnesses suborned to prosecute 
 these men in order to arouse the people against the gov 
 ernment and create a civil war." 
 
 Hundreds of journals throughout the realm echoed 
 the sentiments of the Herald, and preparations were being 
 made by the financial aristocracy of the nation to liberate 
 the traitors by the force of arms, and silence the voice of 
 justice. "The Flaming Sword" warned the people of the 
 movement, and told them to arise and defend their sacred, 
 inalienable rights; and three million of stalwart men flew 
 to arms. The forts of the nation were captured, and the 
 soldiers commanded to remain inactive; the capital was 
 surrounded by a hundred thousand yeomen, who threat 
 ened to burn the city if any attempt were made to rescue 
 the traitors. 
 
 The election took place on the 2ist of November, two 
 weeks after the trial, and the patriotic people of the land, 
 having witnessed the perfidy of the capitalists, knowing 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 299 
 
 that it was the death struggle between freedom and despo 
 tism, the former represented by the wage earner, the 
 second embracing money kings and the dishonest hordes 
 that supported their pretentious, were not to be deceived 
 any longer. The defenders of justice and liberty came 
 from all ranks, abandoned the old parties, and affiliated 
 with Socialism, which won the victory by nearly two mil 
 lions of a majority over the votes of all the other parties 
 combined. 
 
 When Congress convened, laws were framed in har 
 mony with the platform of the Socialist party, and on the 
 first of March, 1865, these enactments were referred to 
 the people at the polls and were confirmed by an over 
 whelming majority. The absorption of industries and mo 
 nopolies was gradual. The government first proposed to 
 buy the Engeddi and Sohanan railroad, which connected 
 the two oceans. The company asked twelve hundred mil 
 lion dollars for the line, the capitalized value of the road. 
 The government estimated the cost of the road, including 
 equipment, at two hundred million, and made an offer of 
 this sum to the management, which was peremptorily de 
 clined. Then the government established a rival line. 
 When the road was completed, the government gave 
 wages of four dollars per day, double the amount paid on 
 the private roads, reduced the cost of freight to one-fourth 
 of its former rate, and carried passengers for one-tenth of 
 a cent per mile. 
 
 The Engeddi and Sohanan road could get neither la 
 borers, freight nor passengers, till it offered the same in 
 ducements. Of course, it was impossible, under these 
 conditions, to pay dividends on watered stock, and in less 
 than two years the private road was wrecked. The patron 
 age of the government road was so increased, and the 
 profits so enhanced that every dollar of debt contracted in 
 the construction of the line was paid before the next Presi 
 dential election. This was encouraging to the hopes of the 
 Socialists, and it emphatically proclaimed the wisdom of 
 their measures. The government now purchased every 
 line in the nation, and within a few years more the profits 
 realized in operating these roads had liquidated the debt 
 incurred in their purchase. Then wages were advanced 
 
300 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 and rates further diminished. Now the government car 
 ries passengers free, and the freight alone realizes a net 
 profit of fifty million dollars annually. 
 
 The municipalities began immediately to purcha.se the 
 street railway, gas, water and electric light plants. The 
 wages of employes were doubled, the rates to the con 
 sumers reduced to one-fourth the former cost, and in a 
 few years the profits realized were amply sufficient to 
 liquidate the debt contracted in the purchase of these in 
 dustries. The government also established factories of 
 various kinds. The competitive system has been sup 
 planted by the co-operative system; the middlemen and 
 parasites of society have long ceased to exist, and the 
 dreams of Socialism have been realized. Political parties 
 have passed away, and the evolution of labor unions has 
 culminated in the formation of an industrial government. 
 
 The administration first made its appointments subject 
 to the will of the workers, who had the right to make any 
 change that seemed desirable. For instance, in the shoe 
 trade, the operatives in each factory elect their foreman. 
 The foremen of the different factories of a State elect their 
 superintendent for the State. The different State super 
 intendents elect a director, who represents the shoe in 
 dustry in Congress. So with all other trades, professions 
 and avocations. The foreman is elected and holds office 
 during good behavior. He has a right to discharge any 
 operative and correct any abuse, but he can be dismissed 
 by a majority of the operatives and another put in his 
 place. The State superintendents also hold office during 
 good behavior. The imperative mandate gives the fore 
 men power to dismiss him at any time, when he fails to 
 discharge his duty. The directors are elected on the same 
 conditions, and the president is elected by all the people 
 and holds his office for a period of eight years, but may be 
 recalled at any time by the imperative mandate. The di 
 rectors can discharge a superintendent for incompetency 
 or any other cause within his sphere of duty, and the State 
 superintendents have the same power over the foremen. 
 
 Congress makes laws regulating the national indus 
 tries, and one day is appointed in the year for the people 
 to vote on those laws. State legislatures have been abol- 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 301 
 
 ished as a useless expense, since every question has a na 
 tional importance under a government of national co 
 operation. The Senate has also been abolished. The 
 hours of labor are regulated according to the requirements 
 of the nation. The government produces quantities suffi 
 cient to keep the people in luxuries, and provides amply 
 for all the aged and infirm, who are pensioners of society. 
 A small tax is imposed on every industry for this purpose. 
 This fund is called the government insurance fund. 
 
 The land was nationalized by a gradual increase in the 
 annual taxation, and in 1874 private ownership ceased to 
 exist in- every part of the country. Every man has a right 
 to the land upon which his residence is located, but he 
 must pay the usual land tax. Those desiring to have ex 
 tensive lawns pay the required tax. This small income is 
 sufficient to defray the expenses of the government, since 
 the establishment of Socialism, for all useless factors are 
 now eliminated, and economy is observed in all depart 
 ments. There are no sinecures. 
 
 The government does not interfere with the privacy 
 of the home or the affairs of religion. Churches and de 
 nominational schools are supported by private contribu 
 tions as formerly. Religious prejudice has entirely dis 
 appeared, and people of all creeds live in harmony and 
 edify the world by lives filled with the spirit of love. 
 
 In the beginning of the co-operative commonwealth, 
 some men were actuated by a desire to accumulate wealth, 
 and while they had a right to all they had produced, yet 
 there was no room for speculation, there were no profits in 
 making investments, there was no field for business, and 
 there was no property for sale. Mr. Lukenmeyer built 
 several houses, but he could find no renters, for every one 
 owned his home. The experiment was also tried by others 
 with the same results. 
 
 Theodore Hertzka, the Austrian Socialist, computed 
 how much land and labor would be required to furnish the 
 twenty-six million Austrians with all comforts, giving to 
 each family a five-room house. He concluded his investi 
 gation with the statement that it would take twenty-six 
 million acres of arable land, and eight million of pasturage, 
 or one and one-third acres .for each person, and the labor 
 
302 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 
 
 of six hundred and fifteen thousand men, eleven hours per 
 day, for three hundred days in the year. Now six hun 
 dred and fifteen thousand people constitute only two per 
 cent of the population of Austria. If we take nineteen per 
 cent, or five millions, which will include all the males be 
 tween sixteen and fifty, working eleven hours a day, they 
 could supply the wants of twenty-six million with thirty- 
 seven days labor in a year. If they worked three hundred 
 days in the year, they would be required to labor only one 
 hour and twenty-two and one-half minutes each day. The 
 same number of people working two hours and eleven 
 minutes each day, could supply the rest of the inhabitants 
 with all luxuries; or if they labored three hours and twelve 
 minutes, they would be required to work only seven 
 months in the year. 
 
 The facilities of production have been so multiplied in 
 Toadia since 1864 that twenty per cent of the population 
 laboring one hour each day support the nation in luxuries. 
 In some industries, such as farming, the hours are longer, 
 but the toilers work only a few months in the year, and this 
 makes an average of one hour for the whole year. 
 
 The young pursue their studies till they are twenty 
 years of age, and before they enter the arena of life, they 
 are equipped with a thorough mental training. But they 
 do not abandon their intellectual exercises when they have 
 finished their course of studies. Every city and town has 
 a university, and lectures in all the sciences are delivered to 
 the public free of cost. You may observe the gray-haired 
 octogenarean mingling with the beardless youths in the 
 halls of the university, eager to grasp the words of wis 
 dom that fall from the lips of the great men employed to 
 impart their knowledge to the nation. The most ignor 
 ant class in Toadia to-day compare favorably with the best 
 educated men in America. 
 
 Idleness is stigmatized as the greatest vice, the source 
 of all misery, and emulation in the acquisition of learning 
 has become a passion with the people. Works of philan 
 thropy are rewarded with public honors, and those who 
 are not qualified by natural genius to excel in mental pur 
 suits, devote their time to some public enterprise. 
 
 The air-ship, invented by Gilhooley, has become the 
 
BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN 303 
 
 ordinary convenience of transportation for passengers. 
 Many, of course, prefer the railroads, for they cannot con 
 ceive that the winged cars are entirely safe. But when 
 this feeling has been overcome, no other convenience will 
 be used. They have large air-ships for public service, in 
 conveying passengers across the continent and beyond the 
 ocean; and they also have private ships for family ser 
 vices. The ships travel at the rate of four hundred miles 
 an hour. The business men employed in the cities gener 
 ally live far away on the mountain tops, or by the sea or 
 lake shores, and by means of the air-ship find it no incon 
 venience to travel this distance every morning. 
 
 The Toadians were troubled for many centuries with 
 the short nights and the excessive cold of the brumal sea 
 son; and since the establishment of the new regime the 
 difficulty has been surmounted. An apparatus has been 
 invented to store up the heat and light of the sun s rays, 
 which can be preserved and utilized and regulated by 
 means of a register. This force is now used very ex 
 tensively in residences for heating, lighting and cooking 
 purposes, and also as a motive power in propelling trains 
 and ships. 
 
 Some experiments- have been tried with terrestrial elec 
 tricity, and the results have promised a great victory in 
 the near future. The earth is charged with electrical cur 
 rents, and by utilizing this vast treasure of natural power, 
 they will soon be enabled to banish night completely from 
 the dominion of the trans-arctic world. 
 
 Ignatius Donnelly speaks of this in "Caesar s Col 
 umn," a dream of the twentieth century, and he says that 
 the currents are so arranged that the electrical day rises 
 with the twilight shadows, and vanishes with the blush of 
 the infant morn. 
 
 A contrivance for making rain has been devised, and 
 the farmers can call down the clouds at pleasure. This 
 invention is also used for sprinkling lawns and other do 
 mestic purposes. The electricity has been extracted from 
 the clouds, and unequal heating of the atmosphere is regu 
 lated, so as to prevent cyclones, tornadoes and storms, and 
 the elements have been subjected to the will of man. 
 
 The new residences of Toadia are made of thick, 
 
304 BEYOND THE BLACK OCEAN * 
 
 opaque glass. Wireless telegraphy has been perfected, 
 but has since been supplanted by mental telegraphy, which 
 enables persons to communicate with any part of the uni 
 verse. Frequent communications have been sent to Mars, 
 and answers were promptly returned. The inhabitants of 
 Mars informed the Toadians that they have been sending 
 messages to the earth for the last two thousand years, but 
 failed to get a reply, owing to the ignorance of our people 
 of the science of mental telegraphy. They also stated that 
 the white caps, which we periodically observe at the poles 
 of their globe, are snow, which melted during the summer 
 months, and ran over their continent. They used this 
 overflow for irrigating purposes, causing the beautiful 
 green fields observed from the earth. 
 
 Hundreds of other inventions and discoveries have 
 added to the comfort of the people, and the progress of 
 their nation. Poverty is unknown ; criminals have ceased 
 to haunt the shadows of night and curse the nation with 
 their iniquities. Prisons are no more, and the insane asy 
 lums are empty. Disease has been almost entirely extir 
 pated, and longevity has increased wonderfully. War has 
 been banished from the trans-arctic world, and Socialism 
 is triumphant in every country in New Israel. 
 
 Moses Gilhooley and his wife have passed away, and 
 Abraham McGillicuddy mourns the loss of his sire. Biddy 
 and Mary Ann are still basking in the smiles of connubial 
 bliss, and are blessed with the love and devotion of their 
 children. Isaac and Abraham, though advanced in years, 
 are strong in physical and mental vigor, and are devoting 
 their time to the cultivation of science and literature. 
 Patrick Einstein and his wife have joined the choir beyond 
 the mystic valley, and their grandson, young Benjamin 
 Gilhooley, is President of the Toadian commonwealth. 
 The Gehtheimers and Mrs. Reisan have succumbed to the 
 severities of prison life, and have appeared before the trib 
 unal of justice to answer for their dark deeds. 
 
 Thus ends the story "Beyond the Black Ocean." 
 
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 UNIVERSITY OF CAUFOJWIA LIBRARY 
 
Social Democracy Bet Boi 
 
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 A HISTORY OF SOCIALISM IN AMERICA 
 
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 ALBERT BRISBANE 
 
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 MACHINE vs. HANI> LABOIl 
 
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